bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A metasynthesis of the complementarity of culturally responsive and inquiry‐based science education in K‐12 settings: Implications for advancing equitable science teaching and learning
Authors: Brown Julie C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEmploying metasynthesis as a method, this study examined 52 empirical articles on culturally relevant and responsive science education in K‐12 settings to determine the nature and scope of complementarity between culturally responsive and inquiry‐based science practices (i.e., science and engineering practices identified in the National Research Council's Framework for K‐12 Science Education). The findings from this study indicate several areas of complementarity. Most often, the inquiry‐based practices Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information, Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions, and Developing and Using Models were used to advance culturally responsive instruction and assessment. The use and development of models, in particular, allowed students to explore scientific concepts through families’ funds of knowledge and explain content from Western science and Indigenous Knowledge perspectives. Moreover, students frequently Analyzed and Interpreted Data when interrogating science content in sociopolitical consciousness‐raising experiences, such as identifying pollution and asthma incidences in an urban area according to neighborhood location. Specific inquiry‐based practices were underutilized when advancing culturally responsive science instruction, though. For example, Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking and Engaging in Argument from Evidence were infrequently encountered. However, culturally responsive engineering‐related practices were most often connected with these, and thus, represent potential areas for future complementarity, particularly as the United States embraces the Next Generation Science Standards. In considering innovative directions for advancing equitable science education, several possibilities are discussed in light of the findings of this study.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 54:1143–1173, 2017
Biochemical and Physicochemical Background of Mammalian Androgen Activity in Winter Wheat Exposed to Low Temperature
Authors: Janeczko Anna , Biesaga-Kościelniak Jolanta , Dziurka Michał , Filek Maria , Hura Katarzyna , Jurczyk Barbara , Kula Monika , Oklestkova Jana , Novak Ondrej , Rudolphi-Skórska Elżbieta , Skoczowski Andrzej 
Published: June 2017

AbstractUnderstanding of the physiological role of mammalian hormone—androstenedione (AN)—in plants is scant and the mechanisms of its action at a cellular level are practically unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical and biochemical background of AN activity in winter wheat exposed to low temperature. Cold periods are important in the lifecycle of this species as they induce frost resistance and further generative development. Wheat seedlings (control and AN-supplemented) were acclimated 2 weeks in cold and then exposed to frost (−12 °C). AN supplementation reduced frost damages by 30%. Moreover, AN also accelerated generative development of wheat. The AN-induced changes in redox homeostasis seemed to be important for processes of acclimation to low temperature and generative induction. AN influenced hormonal balance in wheat and stimulated accumulation among other gibberellins and cytokinins. For example, in aerial part of plants, the content of GA3was increased by AN in 12 days of cold by about 30%, whereas the content ofcis-zeatin was increased by 65%. AN was absorbed into plant membranes (Langmuir bath studies). The membrane absorption of AN increased the distance between lipid molecules and this may be an important step in the AN-induced enhancement of frost resistance. AN interaction with lipid membranes showed similarity to the interactions of some known regulators stimulating flowering in plants, and thus it may also underlie the acceleration of wheat development. Androstenedione was naturally present in wheat leaves (5–21 pg g−1 FW).
Phospholipids of New Zealand Edible Brown Algae
Authors: Vyssotski Mikhail , Lagutin Kirill , MacKenzie Andrew , Mitchell Kevin , Scott Dawn 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEdible brown algae have attracted interest as a source of beneficial allenic carotenoid fucoxanthin, and glyco‐ and phospholipids enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Unlike green algae, brown algae contain no or little phosphatidylserine, possessing an unusual aminophospholipid, phosphatidyl‐O‐[N‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) glycine], PHEG, instead. When our routinely used technique of 31P‐NMR analysis of phospholipids was applied to the samples of edible New Zealand brown algae, a number of signals corresponding to unidentified phosphorus‐containing compounds were observed in total lipids. NI (negative ion) ESI QToF MS spectra confirmed the presence of more familiar phospholipids, and also suggested the presence of PHEG or its isomers. The structure of PHEG was confirmed by comparison with a synthetic standard. An unusual MS fragmentation pattern that was also observed prompted us to synthesise a number of possible candidates, and was found to follow that of phosphatidylhydroxyethyl methylcarbamate, likely an extraction artefact. An unexpected outcome was the finding of ceramidephosphoinositol that has not been reported previously as occurring in brown algae. An uncommon arsenic‐containing phospholipid has also been observed and quantified, and its TLC behaviour studied, along with that of the newly synthesised lipids.
Revisiting the immigrant paradox: Suicidal ideations and suicide attempts among immigrant and non‐immigrant adolescents
Authors: Vazsonyi Alexander T. , Mikuška Jakub , Gaššová Zuzana 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe current study examined the immigrant paradox in suicidal ideations and attempts, whether rates and correlates varied across immigrant/non‐immigrant youth in a nationally representative sample of 7,287 Swiss adolescents (10.2% 1st generation immigrants, 10.3% 2nd generation, and 16.1% mixed parentage; Mage = 17.45, SD = 1.85, 46.6% females). Known risk and protective factors for suicidal ideations and attempts (depressive symptoms, family and peer connectedness, and demographics) were used as correlates, and their effects were compared across groups. About 27% of youth thought about suicide in past 12 months, while 5.5% reported attempting suicide once in their lifetime. After controlling for known predictors and nationality, being an immigrant adolescent (1st, 2nd generation, or mixed parentage) lowered the risk for suicidal ideations as compared to native Swiss youth; immigrant status was unrelated to attempts. Findings provide mixed support for the immigrant paradox; both immigrant and native youth would benefit from effective intervention strategies.
In vitro Metabolomic Approaches to Investigating the Potential Biological Effects of Phenolic Compounds: An Update
Authors: Catalán Úrsula , Barrubés Laura , Valls Rosa Maria , Solà Rosa , Rubió Laura 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Dietary phenolic compounds (PCs) have been receiving interest for their presumed roles in disease prevention. However, there is a lack of studies on the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this regard, in vitrometabolomic approaches are suitable for the investigation of the molecular changes in response to PC exposure. Up to date, the biological effects of PCs have only been examined for PCs from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), olive oil, and resveratrol using cell-based metabolomic approach, although transcriptomic and/or proteomic studies have also been conducted in the same in vitro cell experiment in some cases. Our integral analysis of the reviewed studies suggest that PCs may be involved not only in basic cellular processes or macro- and micro-nutrient metabolism, but also in specific metabolic pathways that have been thoroughly investigated. These modulated pathways could have a clinical impact on neurodegenerative diseases, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, the in vitro metabolomic approaches provide additional information of the molecular mechanisms involved in disease risk reduction of dietary PCs. In order to elucidate the mechanisms of action of PCs, more metabolomic cell-based studies are needed and testing the physiological conjugated forms of PCs in these cell systems could be of special interest.
Perceived Sexual Difficulties and Sexual Counseling in Men and Women Across Heart Diagnoses: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rundblad Lucas , Zwisler Ann Dorthe , Johansen Pernille Palm , Holmberg Teresa , Schneekloth Nanna , Giraldi Annamaria 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
Ischemic heart disease and heart failure often lead to sexual difficulties in men, but little is known about the sexual difficulties in women and patients with other heart diagnoses or the level of information patients receive about the risk of sexual difficulties.

Aim
To investigate perceived sexual difficulties and associated factors in a mixed population of men and women newly diagnosed with heart disease and provide insight into sexual counseling and information given by health care professionals.

Methods
This article reports on a cross-sectional, questionnaire study sent to a randomly selected sample of men and women newly diagnosed with heart failure, ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, or heart valve surgery. Eligible patients were identified by diagnosis using the Danish National Patient Register, which contains all diagnoses.

Outcomes
Sexual difficulties were self-reported using single-item questions, and factors associated with sexual difficulties were collected from the survey and national registers.

Results
The study population consisted of 1,549 men and 807 women (35–98 years old) with heart failure (n = 243), ischemic heart disease (n = 1,036), heart valve surgery (n = 375), and atrial fibrillation (n = 702). Sexual difficulties were reported by 55% of men and 29% of women. In a multiple regression analysis, difficulties in men were associated with being older (≥75 years old; odds ratio [OR] = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.13–3.43), having heart failure (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.16–3.71), diabetes (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.15–2.82), hypertension (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.06–1.93), receiving β-blockers (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.02–1.86), or having anxiety (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.34–3.80) or depression (OR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.38–5.43). In women, difficulties were significantly associated with anxiety (OR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.51–5.95). A total of 48.6% of men and 58.8% of women did not feel informed about sexuality, and 18.1% of men and 10.3% of women were offered sexual counseling.

Clinical Implications
Heart disease increases the risk of sexual difficulties and there is a need for improved information and counseling about sex and relationships for patients.

Strengths and Limitations
This large nationwide survey of men and women combined a survey with administrative data from national registries. However, this study used non-validated single-item questions to assess sexual difficulties without addressing sexual distress.

Conclusion
More than half the men and one fourth the women across common heart diagnoses had sexual difficulties. No difference was found among diagnoses, except heart failure in men. Despite guidelines recommending sexual counseling, sexual difficulties were not met by sufficient information and counseling.
Aptitudes y educación médica en tiempos oscuros. Parte II
Authors: Viniegra-Velázquez Leonardo 
Published: June 2017

Esta parte II versa sobre la educación participativa (EPT) y sus implicaciones para la educación médica. La EPT es, respecto a la pasiva, una forma radicalmente distinta de entender y practicar la educación, mutatis mutandis, en todos los niveles incluso la educación de los médicos. El supuesto de la EPT son las potencialidades cognoscitivas inherentes a todo sujeto secularmente inhibidas o ignoradas, cuyo desencadenamiento es condición de un conocimiento liberador. Las bases epistemológicas de la EPT son: la idea de conocimiento como elaboración propia del educando; el concepto de crítica como estrategia cognoscitiva clave de tal elaboración, y la experiencia vital, objeto primario de eflexión y cognición. Se precisan las premisas y caracteres de la EPT, en especial las aptitudes metodológicas y prácticas, que apuntan a la formación de ciudadanos con potencias cognoscitivas inéditas, capaces De sobreponerse a los atributos degradantes (pasividad, individualismo, competitividad, consumismo) y aproximarse a un mundo hospitalario e incluyente. Se considera la factibilidad de la EPT en una educación médica bajo condiciones adversas: degradación de la práctica de la medicina y centralidad de la educación pasiva, que implican tenaz resistencia a un cambio de rumbo. Se destacan dos componentes de la EPT: el aprendizaje con sentido para la experiencia vital y los ambientes propicios para la crítica, cuya viabilidad puede representar el punto de inflexión hacia otro tipo de educación médica, a condición de contar con docentes sensibilizados para iniciarlo. Al final se realza el papel de las aptitudes prácticas: la clínica y la docente, en el progreso del quehacer educativo médico y de atención a la salud.
Club goods, intellectual property rights, and profitability in the information economy
Authors: Schwartz Herman Mark 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAre club goods becoming more widespread in developed economies, and, if so, what is the broader significance of this trend? Club goods are as salient for the profitability of non-financial firms as for finance. First, corporate strategy today largely revolves around the generation or acquisition of intellectual property rights and other club/franchise goods. Second, financialization is not just about the credit relationship between financial firms on the one side and non-financial corporate and household borrowers on the other, but also about Main Street's ability to use financial power to suppress competition in its own markets. Third, firms’ strategic reliance on IPRs and club goods more generally has magnified both profit and wage inequality in the broader economy. This inequality combines with changes in corporate structure to produce a significant part of the household level income inequality we currently observe in the United States. Fourth, all these processes are ineluctably political, because the state necessarily constitutes club or franchise goods, just like any property right. But the quantity and quality of those property rights is an indeterminate outcome of struggles among firms over the size of and shares of the pool of profits in a given national and global economy.
Excitation Condition for Self-Sustained Oscillation in Flow Past a Louvered Cavity
Authors: Zhang Y. C. , Xu Y. G. , Chen X. D. , Zhu Y. F. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLouvered cavities are extensively employed in engineering applications. In the configurations of flow past these cavities, self-sustained oscillations will be excited. This can give rise to structure vibrations or noise. Numerical models are established to analyze excitation condition for of these oscillations. Computational results reveal that the excitation condition can be quantitatively described by the ratio of gap width G to the boundary layer thickness δ at the separation edge. When G/δ exceeds a certain critical value G/δc, self-sustained oscillations are excited. Otherwise, disturbances will dissipate and the flow configuration along the louver will be like a parallel plate flow. The critical value G/δc decreases with the ratio of G to the thickness of the louver plate H. This suggests that the excitation condition is more easily satisfied for a louver with sparse fins. The bottom boundary of the cavity restricts the feedback flow and then suppresses the excitation of self-sustained oscillations. With an increasing cavity height Hc, which reflects the distance between the louver and the bottom boundary, the critical value G/δc decreases and the decreasing rate reduces gradually. In contrast, because G/δc is relatively insensitive to the cavity length Lc, the side boundaries have no obvious influence on the excitation condition.
Differential involvement of Wnt signaling in Bmp regulation of cancellous versus periosteal bone growth
Authors: He Guangxu , Shi Yu , Lim Joohyun , Bellido Teresita , Ni Jiangdong , Long Fanxin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBone morphogenetic proteins (Bmp) are well-known to induce bone formation following chondrogenesis, but the direct role of Bmp signaling in the osteoblast lineage is not completely understood. We have recently shown that deletion of the receptor Bmpr1a in the osteoblast lineage with Dmp1-Cre reduces osteoblast activity in general but stimulates proliferation of preosteoblasts specifically in the cancellous bone region, resulting in diminished periosteal bone growth juxtaposed with excessive cancellous bone formation. Because expression of sclerostin (SOST), a secreted Wnt antagonist, is notably reduced in the Bmpr1a-deficient osteocytes, we have genetically tested the hypothesis that increased Wnt signaling might mediate the increase in cancellous bone formation in response to Bmpr1a deletion. Forced expression of human SOST from a Dmp1 promoter fragment partially rescues preosteoblast hyperproliferation and cancellous bone overgrowth in the Bmpr1a mutant mice, demonstrating functional interaction between Bmp and Wnt signaling in the cancellous bone compartment. To test whether increased Wnt signaling can compensate for the defect in periosteal growth caused by Bmpr1a deletion, we have generated compound mutants harboring a hyperactive mutation (A214V) in the Wnt receptor Lrp5. However, the mutant Lrp5 does not restore periosteal bone growth in the Bmpr1a-deficient mice. Thus, Bmp signaling restricts cancellous bone accrual partly through induction of SOST that limits preosteoblast proliferation, but promotes periosteal bone growth apparently independently of Wnt activation.
An Immunization Strategy for Hidden Populations
Authors: Chen Saran , Lu Xin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHidden populations, such as injecting drug users (IDUs), sex workers (SWs) and men who have sex with men (MSM), are considered at high risk of contracting and transmitting infectious diseases such as AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis etc. However, public health interventions to such groups are prohibited due to strong privacy concerns and lack of global information, which is a necessity for traditional strategies such as targeted immunization and acquaintance immunization. In this study, we introduce an innovative intervention strategy to be used in combination with a sampling approach that is widely used for hidden populations, Respondent-driven Sampling (RDS). The RDS strategy is implemented in two steps: First, RDS is used to estimate the average degree (personal network size) and degree distribution of the target population with sample data. Second, a cut-off threshold is calculated and used to screen the respondents to be immunized. Simulations on model networks and real-world networks reveal that the efficiency of the RDS strategy is close to that of the targeted strategy. As the new strategy can be implemented with the RDS sampling process, it provides a cost-efficient and feasible approach for disease intervention and control for hidden populations.
Plausibility of potassium ion-exchanged ZSM-5 as soot combustion catalysts
Authors: Lu Chenxi , Liu Taizheng , Shi Qiaolan , Li Qian , Xin Ying , Zheng Lei , Zhang Zhaoliang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPotassium (K) ion-exchanged ZSM-5 zeolites were investigated for catalytic soot combustion. X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS), Raman, in situ IR and NH3-temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) confirmed the location of K+ at the ion-exchanged sites. Temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) reactions showed that K-ZSM-5 decreased ignition tempeatures of soot combustion and increased selectivity to CO2. The improved activity for soot combustion by increasing K+-exchanged amounts via decreasing the Si/Al ratio reinforced the K+ ions participating in soot combustion. 18O2 isotopic isothermal reactions suggested the activation of gaseous oxygen by the K+ ions. This demonstrated a new appliction of alkali metal exchanged zeolites and the strategy for enhancement of catalytic soot combustion activity.
Cross-validation estimate of the number of clusters in a network
Authors: Kawamoto Tatsuro , Kabashima Yoshiyuki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNetwork science investigates methodologies that summarise relational data to obtain better interpretability. Identifying modular structures is a fundamental task, and assessment of the coarse-grain level is its crucial step. Here, we propose principled, scalable, and widely applicable assessment criteria to determine the number of clusters in modular networks based on the leave-one-out cross-validation estimate of the edge prediction error.
Social Confidence in Early Adulthood Among Young People With and Without a History of Language Impairment
Authors: Durkin Kevin , Toseeb Umar , Botting Nicola , Pickles Andrew , Conti-Ramsden Gina 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purposes of this study were to test the predictions that lower self-esteem and higher shyness in individuals with a history of language impairment (LI) would continue from adolescence into early adulthood and that those with LI would have lower social self-efficacy in early adulthood.MethodParticipants were young people with a history of LI and a comparison group of age-matched peers. Both groups were tested at ages 17 and 24 years. Participants completed measures of language ability, nonverbal IQ, shyness, global self-esteem, and (at age 24 years only) social self-efficacy.ResultsYoung adults with LI scored lower than age-matched peers on self-esteem, higher on shyness, and lower on social self-efficacy (medium to large effect sizes). In line with expectations, in the group with LI, language ability in adolescence predicted shyness in young adulthood, which, in turn, was negatively associated with self-esteem. There was also a direct association between language ability in adolescence and self-esteem in young adulthood.ConclusionsYoung people with a history of LI are likely to be entering adulthood less socially confident than their peers. Interventions may be desirable for young adults with LI, and the present findings indicate social self-efficacy as a key area of social confidence that calls for practitioners' attention.
De‐embedding method‐based electrical resistivity characterisation scheme for a small brittle pillar‐shaped material
Authors: Lee J. , Kim J. , Lim S.‐Y. , Kwon J.‐Y. , Im J. , Lee S.‐M. , Moon S.E. 
Published: June 2017

An electrical resistivity evaluation method for a pillar‐shaped solid material, especially a brittle thermoelectric Bi2Te3, is presented with short compensation based on a probing apparatus with four‐spring pins. The method eliminates the process of modelling a complex contact resistance, resulting in a simple but reproducible characterisation without any contamination on the surface in comparison to either a conventional paste or welding contact. Furthermore, it enables a small electrical or thermoelectric material <2 mm thick to be appropriately evaluated, which can erect and align a pillar‐shaped material with electrical terminals, in spite of a small surface area. To extract the resistivity of a Bi2Te3 pillar with the volume of 2 × 2 × 1.6 mm, Alumina 6061‐T6 material identical with that of Bi2Te3 was used as a reference material for the short compensation. Thus, the modelled resistance and its resistivity were 2.46 ± 0.11 mΩ and 6.15 ± 0.28 Ω‐μm, respectively, in the range of 2–10 kHz, demonstrating the validity of the method.