bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is visual radiological evaluation of liver tumour burden in patients with neuroendocrine tumours reproducible?
Authors: Zappa Magaly , Hentic Olivia , Vullierme Marie-Pierre , Lagadec Matthieu , Ronot Maxime , Ruszniewski Philippe , Vilgrain Valérie 
Published: January 2017

Background
Visual semi-quantitative assessment of liver tumour burden for neuroendocrine tumour liver metastases is often used in patient management and outcome. However, published data on the reproducibility of these evaluations are lacking.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver agreement of a visual semi-quantitative assessment of liver tumour burden using CT scan.

Methods
Fifty consecutive patients (24 men and 26 women, mean aged 54 years) were retrospectively reviewed by four readers (two senior radiologists, one junior radiologist and one gastroenterologist) who assessed the liver tumour burden based on a visual semi-quantitative method with four classes (0–10, 11–25, 26–50 and ≥50%). Interobserver and intraobserver agreement were assessed by weighted kappa coefficient and percentage of agreement. The intraclass correlation was calculated.

Results
Agreement among the four observers for the evaluation of liver tumour burden was substantial, ranging from 0.62 to 0.73 (P < 0.0001). The intraclass coefficient was 0.977 (P < 0.0001). Intraobserver agreement was 0.78 and ICC was 0.97.

Conclusion
Reproducibility of the visual semi-quantitative evaluation of liver tumour burden is good and is independent of the level of experience of the readers. We therefore suggest that clinical studies in patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases use this method to categorise liver tumour burden.
Un abordaje transdisciplinario de tres ecotalleres desde el espacio dinamizador de La Biblioteca Infantil Miriam Álvarez Brenes, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
Authors: Rico Urones Lic. Alberto , Ulate Gómez BSc. Katherine , Vargas Bolaños MEd. Flor 
Published: January 2017

En este trabajo se describen y evalúan tres talleres con temática ambiental realizados en la Biblioteca Infantil Miriam Álvarez Brenes, proyecto permanente de la Escuela de Bibliotecología de la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica. Los tres talleres se realizaron durante el año 2014 y se contó con la participación de dos estudiantes asistente y voluntarios. Debido a la corta edad de los participantes, se evaluó la percepción de las madres sobre el comportamiento de sus hijos. Paraello, se generaron dos cuestionarios: uno abierto y estructurado con el objetivo de conocer el entorno socio-económico de los participantes y otro cerrado de escala Likert de 5 valores para evaluar los cambios percibidos por sus madres en el comportamiento propiamente dicho. Se concluyó que el uso de técnicas metodológicas basadas en actividades lúdico-recreativas junto al uso de técnicas de aprendizaje por indagación, que facilita la retención de conocimientos y su puesta en práctica en población infantil de temprana edad.
Hacia una formación común en Bibliotecología: el caso colombiano
Authors: Vallejo Sierra Ruth Helena 
Published: January 2017

Este artículo analiza la formación en bibliotecología como parte de la investigación La bibliotecología como profesión en Colombia, presentando el análisis comparativo de la formación en Colombia frente al título de Información y Documentación español; señalando sus puntos de encuentro y sus divergencias; intentando mostrar las principales áreas en que podrían darse acuerdos para establecer contenidos comunes obligatorios que debería tener cualquier programa de formación bibliotecológica en Colombia.
Shakespeare, Kabbalah e a responsabilidade sobre o mistério das coisas
Authors: Ferreira Carlos Roberto Bueno , Levitan Claudio 
Published: January 2017

É possível traçar um paralelo entre a técnica literária de Shakespeare e os ensinamentos do misticismo judaico conhecido como Kabbalah? Esse é o foco deste ensaio. A arte de Shakespeare permite interpretações em diversos níveis de profundidade. O homem retratado por Shakespeare é um ser atormentado e dividido entre a luta contra suas próprias paixões e a busca de um significado maior para sua existência, atrelada à reconexão com uma realidade superior. O presente trabalho tenta apontar os possíveis paralelos entre a tradição mística da Kabbalah e algumas obras da maturidade de Shakespeare, na esperança de extrair as semelhanças entre as peças do dramaturgo inglês e modo de interpretação dos textos sagrados conforme certos simbolismos da Kabbalah, relativos a uma jornada de purificação espiritual. Nesse sentido, buscamos apontar que o conteúdo místico é parte fundamental da obra shakespeariana. Contudo, não se trata de exoterismo leviano e desmedido, mas um trabalho criterioso que considera uma genuína responsabilidade sobre o mistério das coisas.
Characteristics of GaN/Si(111) Epitaxy Grown using Al0.1Ga0.9N/AlN Composite Nucleation Layers having Different Thicknesses of AlN
Authors: Jang Seong-Hwan , Lee Seung-Jae , Seo In-Seok , Ahn Haeng-Keun , Lee Oh-Yeon , Leem Jae-Young , Lee Cheul-Ro 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe have studied the effects of Al0.1Ga0.9N(150 nm)/AlN Composite Nucleation Layers (CNLs) having different thicknesses of AlN ranging from 20 to 41 nm on the growth characteristics of GaN/Si(111) epitaxy. The surface morphologies of the GaN epitaxial layers which were grown on Al0.1Ga0.9N(150nm)/AlN CNLs showed that the number of thermal etch pits and cracks was abruptly decreased with the increase of AlN thickness from 20 to 35 nm. However, the morphology of GaN epitaxy which was grown on Al0.1Ga0.9N(150 nm)/AlN CNL having AlN of 41 nm thick above 35 nm showed that the number of them was increased again. So, the GaN/Si(111) epitaxy which was grown using Al0.1Ga0.9N(150 nm)/AlN(35 nm) CNL showed the highest crystallinity having the FWHM of 1157 arcsec for the (0002) diffraction. Photoluminescence spectrum at room temperature for GaN/Si(111) epitaxy grown using Al0.1Ga0.9N(150 nm)/AlN(35 nm) CNL showed a sharp band edge emission at 364 nm, which especially doesn't have yellow luminescence related to various defects such as vacancy and dislocation. Meanwhile, the spectra at room temperature for the others showed yellow luminescence at around 580 nm except each band edge emission. Moreover, the FWHM of main exitonic peak at 10 K for the GaN/Si(111) epitaxy which was grown using Al0.1Ga0.9N(150 nm)/AlN(35 nm) CNL is the lowest value of 12.81 meV among them. It is obvious that the Al0.1Ga0.9N(150 nm)/AlN CNL having suitable thickness of AlN plays an important role in improving the crystallinity and optical properties of GaN/Si(111) heteroepitaxy without any defects such as pits and cracks over the surface by reducing the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient and lattice constant between GaN and Si(111) comparing with AlxGa1-xN or AlN nucleation layer alone.
Preparation and Characterization of Cobalt Doped ZnO and TiO2
Authors: Yang Shaoguang , Hung Silas T. , Sung Herman H.Y. , Pakhomov A.B. , Wong C.Y. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSynthesis and characterization of transparent Co-doped ZnO and TiO2 diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) films are described. The films are prepared by single sputtering deposition. They are ferromagnetic at temperatures as high as 350 K. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Optical transparency was measured on UV/VIS spectrometer. The Codoped ZnO films had wurtzite structure similar to ZnO with the (002) preferential texture. Neither XRD nor XPS showed any presence of pure Co or CoO in the samples. The Co-doped TiO2 samples were amorphous, and some unoxidized Co was found in the films.
Materials issues in the layers required for integrated magneto-optical isolators
Authors: Cruz-Rivera Luis J. , Sung Sang-Yeob , Cassada Jessie , Marrero-Cruz Mariza R. , Stadler Bethanie J H 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe development of integrated optical isolators is critical to the functional integration of optical devices and systems. This work will primarily elucidate a methodology to grow, by a semiconductor compatible process, the critical active material in monolithically integrated magneto-optical isolators; yttrium iron garnet (YIG: Y3Fe5O12). Reactive radio frequency (RF) sputtering was used to grow YIG on MgO, which is a promising buffer layer material for optical devices. The chemical, structural, optical, magneto-optical and magnetic properties of the resulting films have been studied by various techniques including energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Faraday rotation measurements and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). Low forward powers (lower limit of 12.3 W/cm2) grew YIG nuclei in an amorphous matrix and the number of these nuclei increased with increasing forward power. At powers exceeding 19W/cm2 film cracking occurred. The films with YIG had strong in-plane magnetizations with small coercive fields. Optical cladding layers compatible with YIG films have been grown through plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and thin film permanent magnets for biasing have been grown and optimized.
Large-area porous alumina photonic crystals via imprint method
Authors: Choi J. , Schilling J. , Nielsch K. , Hillebrand R. , Reiche M. , Wehrspohn R. B. , Gösele U. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA perfect 2D porous alumina photonic crystal with 500 nm interpore distance was fabricated on an area of 4 cm2 via imprint methods and subsequent electrochemical anodization. A 4” imprint stamp consisting of a convex pyramid array was obtained by modern VLSI processing using DUV-lithography, anisotropic etching, LPCVD Si3N4 deposition and wafer bonding. The optical properties of the porous alumina photonic crystal were measured with an infrared microscope in Г-M direction. For both polarizations, a bandgap is observed at around 1 μm for r/a = 0.42. A reflectivity of almost unity for E-polarization in the region of the bandgap is a sign of the high quality of the structure, indicating almost no scattering losses. These experimental results could be correlated very well to the bandstructure as well as reflectivity calculations assuming a dielectric constant of å = 2.0 for the anodized alumina.
Photonic Crystal Properties of SiON (n=1.56)
Authors: Aarts Igor M.P. , Heijden Rob W. v.d. , Salemink Huub W.M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe report for the first time the use of the relatively low index material SiON (n=1.56) for photonic crystal applications. With this system it is possible to enlarge the complete TE-band gap of a 2D-photonic crystal by properly designing the unit cell filling. This may be practically realised because of the larger dimensions of photonic crystals in low index materials, which allows less stringent etch conditions when compared to traditional InP based materials. The optimal distribution of the refractive index is found by placing the displacement field in high or in low dielectric material. The structure is defined by two figures of merit, the width of the band gap and the smallest feature size, which is the key factor in etching the structure. In addition, we suggest the use of a graded-index profile to reduce out of plane scattering. This graded index profile can be realised by controlling the nitrogen flow during deposition of the SiON layer.
Automatische Geburtsüberwachung bei primi- und pluriparen Rindern einer Kreuzungsherde aus Holstein Friesian und Fleckvieh
Authors: Dippon Matthias , Petzl Wolfram , Lange Dorothee , Zerbe Holm 
Published: January 2017

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel: Hohe Kälberverluste im perinatalen Zeitraum sind nach wie vor ein ethisches und wirtschaftliches Problem in Milchviehbetrieben. Die Verbesserung des Geburtsmanagements durch eine frequente Geburtsüberwachung kann hierbei die Überlebensraten der Kälber nachhaltig erhöhen. Ziel der Studie war, in einer Kreuzungsherde den Einfluss des Rasseanteils und der Parität auf Praktikabilität und Zuverlässigkeit eines neu entwickelten Geburtsüberwachungssystems zu evaluieren. Material und Methoden: Das Geburtsüberwachungssystem wurde bei 23 primiparen und 31 multiparen Kühen einer Kreuzungsherde aus Holstein Friesian (HF) und Fleckvieh (FV) 7 Tage vor dem errechneten Geburtstermin eingesetzt. Nach dem dritten Fehlalarm wurde der Versuch abgebrochen und als falsch positiv (FP) bewertet. Die Abhängigkeit der Versuchsabbrüche vom genetischen Anteil der Rasse HF wurde mittels Mann-Whitney-U-Test statistisch berechnet. Ergebnisse: Bei Tieren mit überwiegendem HF-Anteil (> 66%) konnte der Geburtsmelder in allen Fällen erfolgreich angewendet werden. Überwog der FV-Anteil (> 66%), kam es zu Fehlalarmen durch Senderverlust, was zu zahlreichen Versuchsabbrüchen (FP) führte (31,6%). Multipare Kühe verloren den intravaginalen Sender häufiger als primipare Kühe (29,0% vs. 8,7%). Bei 72,2% der hochtragenden Kühe mit einem Geburtsmelder trat eitriger Scheidenausfluss auf. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Das automatische Geburtsüberwachungssystem lässt sich bei HF-Kühen zuverlässig einsetzen. Aufgrund der hohen Anzahl an Senderverlusten kann sein Einsatz derzeit nicht bei Tieren empfohlen werden, deren genetischer FV-Anteil 66% übersteigt. Zukünftige Entwicklungen automatischer Geburtsmelder sollten unter Berücksichtigung des Rasseeinflusses erfolgen.
Bajo la sombra del guamúchil. Historias de vida de mujeres indígenas y campesinas en prisión de Rosalva Aída Hernández Castillo
Authors: Fregoso Anayanci 
Published: January 2017

Reseña de Bajo la sombra del guamúchil. Historias de vida de mujeres indígenas y campesinas en prisión.
The War of the Romantics: An Alternate Hypothesis Using nPVI for the Quantitative Anthropology of Music
Authors: VanHandel Leigh 
Published: January 2017

This response offers an alternate interpretation for the data described in Joseph Daniele's 2016 article "A tool for the quantitative anthropology of music: Use of the nPVI equation to analyze rhythmic variability within long-term historical patterns in music." I examine Daniele's argument that there is an overall rising trend in rhythmic variability in German composition from 1600-1950, and offer an alternate, historically informed explanation based on the re-examination of the data. The rising trend does not appear to be consistent throughout time, and rather than being the result of the waning influence of Italian music on German music, I suggest an alternative hypothesis concerning documented differences between late 19th century German composers and their compositional styles.
Incidence of nosocomial infection in the pediatric intensive care unit of a teaching hospital delivering tertiary level care
Authors: Ahirrao Varsha Suresh , Mauskar Anupama , T. Ravi 
Published: January 2017

Background: Nosocomial infections are generally a chain of events whereby a source or reservoir of microorganisms is transmitted by some method to a susceptible host. The organisms causing infections can come from either the patient’s own endogenous flora or from external sources including hospital staff, equipment or even food, water, walls, floor, and some other surfaces.Methods: Children in age group of one month to twelve years are admitted to our PICU. All the patients admitted in PICU with PICU stay of more than 48 hours were daily monitored for fever or any other symptoms or sign suggestive of any infection. The patients who developed the same 48 hours after admission, which was not present at the time of admission, were included. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions of nosocomial infections, as described later, are used as criteria for diagnosis of infections.Results: During study period, 466 patients were admitted to PICU with their PICU stay for more than 48 hours. Out of 466 patients, 35 patients had 49 episodes of nosocomial infections. Nosocomial incidence rate = 10.51 per 100 admissions. Nosocomial infection incidence density = 19.37 per 1000 patient days.Conclusions: In patients with nosocomial infection, the mean PICU stay was 17.31 days and mean hospital stay was 23.95 days.
Evaluation of serum uric acid in acute ischaemic stroke
Authors: Kaur Inderjeet , Khurana Ashok , Sachdev Jasmine Kaur , Mohan Gurinder 
Published: January 2017

Background: The role of serum uric acid as a risk factor for acute ischaemic stroke is controversial and there is little information about it. Present study was done to estimate serum uric acid levels in patients of acute ischaemic stroke and to assess its risk factor potential.Methods: It was a prospective case control study carried out in the department of Medicine at Sri Guru Ramdas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Vallah, Sri Amritsar, Punjab, India from January 2015 to July 2016. 50 cases of acute ischaemic stroke were enrolled and were compared with same number of age and sex matched healthy controls. Serum uric acid levels were measured in cases (within 24 hours of stroke evolution). Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score was calculated for cases at time of admission. The results were statistically analysed.Results: Mean serum uric acid level in cases was 6.15±1.91mg/dl whereas it was 5.1±1.4 mg/dl in controls. The difference of serum uric acid levels between cases and controls was statistically significant (p = 0.0054). Patients with poor GCS had higher mean serum uric acid levels as compared to patients with mild or moderate GCS score which was statistically significant(p = 0.0426).Conclusions: Serum uric acid can be used as a marker for increased risk of stroke. Furthermore, serum uric acid can also be used for risk stratification after stroke.
La enfermedad periodontal como factor de riesgo de parto pretérmino y de bajo peso al nacer en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia 2002-2003.
Authors: Lizarraga Marroquin Christian Alberto , Proaño de Casalino Doris 
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre parto pretérmino (PP) y de bajo peso (BP) al nacer (PPBP) y la enfermedad periodontal (EP) materna. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio tipo casos y controles de 156 madres, 53 casos (madres de bebés con PPBP) y 103 controles (bebés de madres nacidos con >37 semanas y más de 2 500g). Se interrogó a las madres y se revisó las historias clínicas, se registraron datos como: grado de instrucción, estado civil, hábitos de fumar, alcohol, drogas y otros factores de riesgo conocidos. Un solo examinador calibrado registró los indicadores periodontales: profundidad al sondaje, nivel de inserción clínica, sangrado al sondaje y presencia de placa. El análisis se hizo con técnicas de estratificación o regresión logística. Resultados: Los niños pretérminos con y sin bajo peso y a término con bajo peso tienen poco más del doble de probabilidad de tener madres con pérdida de nivel de inserción clínica OR 2,14 (IC 95% 1,24-3,68). Hay asociación de PPBP con la pérdida del nivel de inserción clínica, controlando por peso materno, número de controles prenatales y antecedentes de hijos con BP al nacer. Conclusión: La enfermedad periodontal es un factor de riesgo independiente y potencial de PPBP.
Daniel Vergara Lope y Thomas Holmes Ravenhill: Dos figuras olvidadas en la historia de la fisiología de altura.
Authors: Pamo Reyna Oscar 
Published: January 2017

Daniel Vergara Lope (1865-1938), médico mexicano, fue un pionero de los estudios de la fisiología del habitante de las grandes alturas en la última década del siglo XIX. Y, Thomas Holmes Ravenhill (1881-1952), médico inglés, fue el primero en describir las variantes clínicas del mal de montaña agudo (“puna” o “soroche”) en 1913. Sin embargo, ambas contribuciones pasaron desapercibidas, aparentemente, para los investigadores del siglo XX pero que han sido rescatadas recientemente.
Nefropatia por IgA: Reporte de un caso.
Authors: Bravo Zuñiga Jessica , Loza Munarriz Reyner , Ferrufino Llach Juan 
Published: January 2017

La nefropatía por IgA es una glomerulonefritis inmune que involucra un grupo heterogéneo de pacientes con una variedad de diferentes presentaciones clínicas. Una niña de 4 años de edad acude con historia de 2 meses de enfermedad caracterizada por hematuria intermitente, sin sintomatología miccional. El examen físico solo muestra edema palpebral. El examen de orina revela hematuria macroscópica (3+) y proteinuria 3(+), El estudio sonográfico y la urografía excretoria no mostraron alteraciones; su nivel de hemoglobina, leucocitos y depuración de creatinina fueron normales. La excreción de proteínas en orina fue de 45mg/m2/h. Los niveles de C3 y C4 estuvieron en limites normales.Se procede a una biopsia renal la cual expone un incremento difuso en las células mesangiales con engrosamiento de la matriz y algunas zonas de necrosis. El examen de inmunofluorescencia mostró depósitos mesangiales de Ig A y C3, todos los hallazgos son compatibles con Nefropatía por Ig A.
Factores asociados a la incidencia de hipernatremia intrahospitalaria en pacientes adultos de un servicio de Medicina de Lima, Perú
Authors: Cieza Zevallos Javier Antonio , Strobbe Barbat Mariella , Ortiz Soriano Víctor 
Published: January 2017

Objetivos: Identificar las variables asociadas con la hipernatremia en pacientes adultos hospitalizados en el servicio de Medicina de un hospital general de Lima, Perú. Material y métodos: Estudio modelo de casos y controles de pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de Medicina del Hospital Cayetano Heredia en el año 2013. Se calculó un tamaño de muestra de 65 casos y 65 controles para obtener un OR de 3 con una potencia del 80% y una confianza del 95%, apareados por época de hospitalización y Score Glasgow. Resultados: El análisis final de regresión logística binaria mostró que la hipernatremia estuvo asociada a la fiebre (p=0,013), la taquipnea (p=0,030), el nivel de conciencia (p=0,032), el uso de diuréticos (p=0,017), la presencia de diarrea (p=0,045) y el uso de soluciones hipertónicas (p=0,000). La falla aguda renal y la sepsis mostraron asociación en el análisis univariado pero no en el análisis de regresión logística binaria. Conclusiones: Este estudio mostró que la fiebre, la taquipnea, el nivel de conciencia, uso de diuréticos, diarrea y uso de soluciones hipertónicas fueron las relevantes para el desarrollo dehipernatremia adquirida en el hospital.
Asociación del nivel de albúmina sérica y alteraciones de los electrolitos, gases sanguíneos y compuestos nitrogenados en pacientes adultos incidentes del servicio de emergencia de un hospital general
Authors: Cieza Javier Antonio , Casillas Alessandra , Da Fieno Angella María , Urtecho Scarlet Berenice 
Published: January 2017

Objetivos: Estudiar la asociación entre el nivel de albúmina sérica y las alteraciones de los electrolitos, gases sanguíneos y compuestos nitrogenados en adultos incidentes del servicio de emergencia de un hospital general. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 275 pacientes que acudieron a la emergencia del Hospital Cayetano Heredia en Lima, Perú entre el 2013 y el 2015 a quienes el médico tratante solicitó al ingreso electrolitos séricos, gases sanguíneos y albúmina sérica. Se contrastó la albúmina como variable ordinal contra los electrolitos, gases arteriales,urea, calcio y fósforo séricos. También se analizó mediante análisis bivariado la albúmina normal (>3,5 g/dl) y la muy baja (<2,5 g/dl) contra la variables antes mencionadas y la existencia de correlación lineal entre los valores numéricos continuos de las diferentes variables con la albúmina sérica. Resultados: La edad media de los pacientes fue 57,72 ± 19,11 años. El 81,5% tuvo algún grado de hipoalbuminemia. Al contrastar la albúmina como variable ordinal, solo se halló asociación significativa con el calcio sérico bajo (p=0,02). Al contrastar la albúmina como variable dicotómica contra las variables enunciadas, se encontró asociación significativa con el calcio bajo (p=0,019; OR=4,73) y la urea elevada (p=0,032; OR=2,96). En el análisis de correlación lineal sólo hubo significancia entre la relación urea/creatinina sérica y la albuminemia (r=-0,14; p=0,019). Conclusiones: Los trastornos asociados con hipoalbuminemia fueron la hipocalcemia y la uremia. El estudio mostró una frecuencia elevada de pacientes con hipoalbuminemia.