bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The extract, LXB-1, from the barks of Liriodendron × hybrid, induced apoptosis via Akt, JNK and ERK1/2 pathways in A549 lung cancer cells
Authors: Chen Jin-Hui , Lin Sen-Sen , Wang Wei-Xin , Yuan Sheng-Tao , Shi Ji-Sen , Jia Ai-Qun 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The effect of LXB-1, an extract from Liriodendron × hybrid, was determined on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Growth inhibition of LXB-1 was analyzed by MTT assay. Cancer cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry. To verify the apoptosis effect of LXB-1 on A549 cells, annexin V/PI double staining assay was performed. The expression levels of proapoptotic proteins were also measured by western blot. The potential mechanisms of LXB-1 inducing apoptosis – the expression and phosphorylation of ERK, p38, JNK and Akt – were investigated by western blot. The IC50 values of LXB-1 on A549 for 24, 48 and 72 h treatment were determined to be 12.97±1.53 μg/mL, 9.55±1.42 μg/mL, and 5.90±0.74 μg/mL, respectively. LXB-1 induced an obvious G2/M cell cycle arrest in A549 cells and resulted in significant cell apoptosis. LXB-1 also increased the cleavage of both caspase-3 and caspase-9, and greatly decreased the protein levels of Bcl-2. Moreover, LXB-1 increased the expression of phosphorylated JNK but decreased the levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Akt. These results suggest that that LXB-1 induced apoptosis through JNK, ERK1/2, and Akt pathways in A549 cells.
Effects of Service Quality, Customer Trust and Customer Religious Commitment on Customers Satisfaction and Loyalty of Islamic Banks in East Java
Authors: Hidayat Rachmad , Akhmad Sabarudin , Machmud Machmud 
Published: November 2015

The purpose of the present study was to describe the relationships among service quality, customer trust and customer religious commitment on customer satisfaction and loyalty of Islamic banks in East Java. Respondents were Islamic banks’ customers domiciled in East Java. A predetermined number of samples were taken by the use of a simple random sampling technique. Analysis was performed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results indicated that service quality and customer trust of Islamic banks jointly had significant effects on customer satisfaction. Service quality and customer trust had direct and indirect effects on customer loyalty mediated by satisfaction of Islamic banks’ customer in East Java. Religious commitment had no direct and indirect effect on customer satisfaction and customer loyalty.DOI: 10.15408/aiq.v7i2.1681
Human Resources Development of Sharia Banking: Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Yusuf Burhanuddin 
Published: November 2015

The aims of this study are to finding, identifying and mapping the condition and situation of the policy and practice of Human Resource Management. This study used a qualitative method with phenomenological approach to uncover the professional development of HR qualify. Data analysis techniques includes reduction, data display, perform verification, and compiling data to draw the conclusions. The study concluded that the conditions of management and human resource development three sharia Bank in Jakarta refers to the philosophy and principles of Islamic economics as well as guided by the vision and mission of sharia banks. This study find that sharia HR professional qualification characterised by quality of faith, piety, knowledge and understanding of finance and business, applying the principles of Islam and has a strong commitment to apply the rules of sharia, noble, hard-working, and sincerely intelligent accompanied by sincereDOI: 10.15408/aiq.v7i2.1701
First record of the invasive bee <i>Anthidium manicatum</i> (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) in Chile
Authors: Montalva Jose Miguel , Ríos Mauro , Vivallo Felipe 
Published: November 2015

The Palearctic wool carder bee Anthidium manicatum (Linnaeus) is recorded for the first time in Chile based on eight specimens collected on Lavandula sp. (Lamiaceae) in San Bernardo, Metropolitan Region. This new record expands the invasive range of this species in South America, confirming previous predictions based on an ecological niche model.
Pharma Emerging Market’s Scaning by Look and Feel of its Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Tripathy Swagat , Dureja Harish 
Published: November 2015

Background:
By 2020, the pharmaceutical business is expected to be more than two folds i.e. US$ 1.3 trillion, in the E7 nations - Brazil, India, China, Mexico, Indonesia, Russia and Turkey - book keeping around for one fifth of worldwide pharmaceutical sales. The paradigm is shifting from developed markets such as the United States and Western Europe to evolving markets such as Brazil, India, China, Mexico, Indonesia, Russia and Turkey. The reasons include growth patterns in developed markets that tend to flatten due to patent expiry, stringent expectation of regulatory authority. Also, high gross domestic product growth rate, large population, high per capita income, high median age population, growing health care needs of the large middle class aging population, emerging health care and insurance sector, etc. are fascinating growth aspects of emerging markets.

Objective:
The present paper explores the opportunities and challenges associated with Pharmerging markets.

Conclusion:
The emerging markets promises for profitability, a broad range of variability is observed in drug development, regulatory filing, handling deficiency, managing post approval changes, intellectual property right issues, phase lag, rudimentary healthcare system, lack of infrastructure and markets vulnerable to policy change with regard to marketing are observed. So, it’s obvious that, there can be no “one-strategy for all” approach for emerging markets.
Comparison of limb loading and movement of Icelandic horses while tölting and trotting at equal speeds
Authors: Waldern Nina M. , Wiestner Thomas , Ramseier Lea C. , Weishaupt Michael A. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare gait mechanics and limb loading in Icelandic horses tölting and trotting at equal speeds and estimate their impact on orthopedic health.
ANIMALS 12 orthopedically normal Icelandic horses.
PROCEDURES Kinetic and kinematic gait variables were simultaneously recorded as each horse was ridden at a tölt and trot on an instrumented treadmill at 3.4 m/s and 3.9 m/s. Differences between gaits were tested via 1-factor repeated-measures ANOVA.
RESULTS Horses had a higher stride rate and lower stride impulses at a tölt than at a trot. For forelimbs at a tölt, shorter relative stance duration resulted in higher peak vertical force (Fzpeak). Conversely, for hind limbs, longer relative stance duration resulted in lower Fzpeak. The higher head-neck position at a tölt versus trot caused no weight shift to the hind limbs, but a higher forehoof flight arc and lower proretraction movement were identified. Stance durations for forelimbs were briefer than for hind limbs at a tölt, and the inverse was observed at a trot. Minimal height of the horse's trunk at the point of Fzpeak of the respective limb suggested a spring-like mechanism for all limbs at a tölt. Hind limb measurements revealed no evidence of increased collection. Stride-to-stride limb timing varied more at a tölt than at a trot. At a trot, horses had brief or no suspension phases and a slightly 4-beated footfall rhythm was common. Post hoc energetic estimations revealed that tölting at the measured speeds was less advantageous than trotting.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE High forelimb action in Icelandic horses and higher head-neck position at a tölt were associated with more restricted limb proretraction, higher Fzpeak, and faster force onset than at a trot. The impact of these differences on orthopedic health needs to be investigated more in detail.
Effects of high doses of enalapril and benazepril on the pharmacologically activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in clinically normal dogs
Authors: Ames Marisa K. , Atkins Clarke E. , Lee Seunggon , Lantis Andrea C. , zumBrunnen James R. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether high doses of enalapril and benazepril would be more effective than standard doses of these drugs in suppressing the furosemide-activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
ANIMALS 6 healthy Beagles.
PROCEDURES 2 experiments were conducted; each lasted 10 days, separated by a 2-week washout period. In experiment 1, all dogs received furosemide (2 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) and enalapril (1 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) for 8 days (days 0 through 7). In experiment 2, dogs received furosemide (2 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) and benazepril (1 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) for 8 days. Effects on the RAAS were determined by assessing serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity on days −1, 3, and 7; serum aldosterone concentration on days −2, −1, 1, 3, and 7; and the urinary aldosterone-creatinine ratio (UAldo:C) in urine collected in the morning and evening of days −2, −1, 1, 3, and 7.
RESULTS High doses of enalapril and benazepril caused significant reductions in serum ACE activity on all days but were not more effective than standard doses used in other studies. Mean UAldo:C remained significantly higher on days 2 through 7, compared with baseline values. Serum aldosterone concentration also increased after drug administration, which mirrored changes in the UAldo:C.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this study, administration of high doses of enalapril and benazepril significantly inhibited ACE activity, yet did not prevent increases in mean urine and serum aldosterone concentrations resulting from furosemide activation of RAAS. This suggested that aldosterone breakthrough from ACE inhibition was a dose-independent effect of ACE inhibitors.
First Record of Themira Nigricornis (Meigen, 1826) (Sepsidae: Diptera) in Romania/ Prima semnalare a speciei Themira Nigricornis (Meigen, 1826) (Sepsidae: Diptera) în România
Authors: Iancu Lavinia , Purcărea Cristina 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This report on the occurrence of Themira nigricornis (Meigen, 1826) (Sepsidae: Diptera) on Romanian territory represents the first record of this species within south-eastern Europe. Adults of T. nigricornis were collected in spring, in the second half of April, from an experimental setting placed in an urban location (Bucharest) in southern Romania. The bait consisted of domestic pig carcass in advanced decomposition stage, placed on soil ground and surrounded by vegetation. The visiting specimens were located around the posterior segment of the pig carcass. The registered abundance of adult individuals was relatively low, with 10 specimens distinguished during two weeks interval. The species was taxonomically characterized and identified. This study, documenting the presence of T. nigricornis in the southern part of Romania, expanded the Fauna Europaea distribution range record of this species, assigning the southernmost location of T. nigricornis in Europe.
Terrestrial Small Mammal Communities from Hârtibaciu Plateau (Romania)/Comunităţi de mamifere mici terestre din Podişul Hârtibaciu (România)
Authors: Benedek Ana Maria , Sîrbu Ioan , Bucur Anca , Cociş Victoria , Răulea Adrian , Vornicu Adriana 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Small mammal communities were studied by live trapping during August-September 2010 and June-September 2011 in three localities from Hârtibaciu Plateau, in southern Transylvania. The area is situated between 420 and 550 m a.s.l., and represents a mosaic of small patches of different land use. 200 traps were set in lines for three consecutive nights, in 80 different habitats representing 12 habitat types, both cultivated and semi-natural. 1235 small mammals belonging to 15 species (four soricomorphs and 11 rodents) were captured. Abundance of small mammals was expressed by means of capture index (number of individuals caught per 100 active trap-nights). The community structure was strongly shaped by habitat type, even in case of small land patches. Microtus arvalis prevailed in the investigated area, being the dominant species in open fields with high grassy vegetation. The density of this species increased strongly from the beginning of summer to autumn, when the traps were occasionally saturated with field voles.
Preparation of Pickering emulsions through interfacial adsorption by soft cyclodextrin nanogels
Authors: Kawano Shintaro , Kida Toshiyuki , Akashi Mitsuru , Sato Hirofumi , Shizuma Motohiro , Ono Daisuke 
Published: November 2015

Background: Emulsions stabilized by colloidal particles are known as Pickering emulsions. To date, soft microgel particles as well as inorganic and organic particles have been utilized as Pickering emulsifiers. Although cyclodextrin (CD) works as an attractive emulsion stabilizer through the formation of a CD–oil complex at the oil–water interface, a high concentration of CD is normally required. Our research focuses on an effective Pickering emulsifier based on a soft colloidal CD polymer (CD nanogel) with a unique surface-active property.Results: CD nanogels were prepared by crosslinking heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-cyclodextrin with phenyl diisocyanate and subsequent immersion of the resulting polymer in water. A dynamic light scattering study shows that primary CD nanogels with 30–50 nm diameter assemble into larger CD nanogels with 120 nm diameter by an increase in the concentration of CD nanogel from 0.01 to 0.1 wt %. The CD nanogel has a surface-active property at the air–water interface, which reduces the surface tension of water. The CD nanogel works as an effective Pickering emulsion stabilizer even at a low concentration (0.1 wt %), forming stable oil-in-water emulsions through interfacial adsorption by the CD nanogels.Conclusion: Soft CD nanogel particles adsorb at the oil–water interface with an effective coverage by forming a strong interconnected network and form a stable Pickering emulsion. The adsorption property of CD nanogels on the droplet surface has great potential to become new microcapsule building blocks with porous surfaces. These microcapsules may act as stimuli-responsive nanocarriers and nanocontainers.
A New Field of ‘Fetal Sono-ophthalmology’ by 3D HDlive Silhouette and Flow
Authors: Pooh Ritsuko K 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Diagnostic ultrasound technology has remarkably evolved and contributed to accurate prenatal diagnosis and management. HDlive silhouette and HDlive flow are new applications of threedimensional (3D) ultrasound technology. The algorism of HDlive silhouette creates a gradient at organ boundaries where an abrupt change of the acoustic impedance exists within tissues. HDlive silhouette and flow can be called as ‘see-through fashion’. The advantages of this ‘see-through fashion’ imaging are comprehensive orientation and persuasive localization of inner structure as well as of fetal angiostructure inside the morphological structure. Picture of the month demonstrates the fetal eye at 19 weeks of gestation. The lens, vitreous body and hyaloid artery inside the vitreous humor are well demonstrated. The hyaloid artery is retrogressing during pregnancy and no remnant hyaloid artery is visible in most of mature neonates. Therefore, hyaloid artery can be observed in only young fetuses and immature neonates. HDlive silhouette and flow has enabled us to depict fetal eye and ocular vascularity three-dimensionally. This new technology has a great potential to open a new field of ‘fetal 3D sono-ophthalmology’, which has been never invented by conventional ultrasound technology.

How to cite this article
Pooh RK. A New Field of ‘Fetal Sonoophthalmology’ by 3D HDlive Silhouette and Flow. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(3):221-222.
Challenges in Sonographic Detection of Fetal Major Structural Abnormalities at the First Trimester Anomaly Scan
Authors: Antsaklis Panos , Antsaklis Aris , Paulescu Daniela , Tudorache Stefania , Ceausu Iuliana , Novac Liliana , Cernea Nicolae , Iliescu Dominic , Cara Monica 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
First-trimester (FT) ultrasound examination appears to have a very good sensitivity in the detection of fetal abnormalities, especially when an extended protocol that is achievable with reasonable resources of time, personnel and ultrasound equipment, is used. It has been shown that the efficiency of the routine anomaly scan varies widely between the studies performed both in early or mid-pregnancy. The analysis of technique and study designs reveals that in each gestational age, the extension of the investigational protocol is the most important factor in modulating the detection rate. Moreover, the use of similar basic checklists at the FT and second trimester (ST) examinations revealed comparable anomaly detection rates in large population groups. First trimester combined test have been demonstrated as a useful screening tool for genetic syndromes and consecutively the FT ultrasound scan became a routine examination in most prenatal diagnostic centers. Its performance in structural abnormalities detection has been communicated in high-, medium-risk populations or unselected low-risk variable number of patients and compared to the ST anomaly scan effectiveness. A detailed first-trimester anomaly scan using an extended protocol is an efficient screening method to detect major fetal structural abnormalities in low-risk pregnancies. It is a method that it is feasible at 12 to 13 + 6 weeks with ultrasound equipment and personnel already used for routine first-trimester screening. Rate of detection of severe malformations is greater in early- than in mid-pregnancy and on postnatal evaluation. Early heart investigation could be improved by an extended protocol involving use of color Doppler.

How to cite this article
Iliescu D, Cara M, Tudorache S, Antsaklis P, Ceausu I, Paulescu D, Novac L, Cernea N, Antsaklis A. Challenges in Sonographic Detection of Fetal Major Structural Abnormalities at the First Trimester Anomaly Scan. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(3):239-259.
Invasive Procedures in Monochorionic Twins
Authors: Antsaklis Aris 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
Monochorionic twin pregnancies (MC) are less frequent but they are considered higher risk pregnancies compared to dichorionic pregnancies. As a result, determining the chorionicity of a twin pregnancy is of vital importance for the surveillance and management of the pregnancy. The problem originates from the fact that monochorionic twins have one placenta, and as a result the circulation of the two fetuses is closely related to each other mainly through anastomosis of the placenta. The number and type of anastomosis is of great importance for the course of the pregnancy. Diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities in such pregnancies requires excellent knowledge of invasive procedures and good clinical skills. Monochorionic twins are at increased risk for unique complications including twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR), and twin-reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence. Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome is a very well known and described complication of monochorionic twin pregnancies and must be considered and checked in each monochorionic pregnancy. Selective feticide is not a method used very commonly in MC pregnancies, but may be applied in selected cases. For TTTS laser treatment of the anastomosis is a method of choice, but should be performed in centers with experience.

How to cite this article
Antsaklis A, Antsaklis P. Invasive Procedures in Monochorionic Twins. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(3):280-292.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Probes Analyses for the Detection of Periodontal Pathogens
Authors: Yahfoufi Zoubeida AL , Hadchiti Wahib , Berberi Antoine 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
In clinical microbiology several techniques have been used to identify bacteria. Recently, Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based techniques have been introduced to detect human microbial pathogens in periodontal diseases. Deoxyribonucleic acid probes can detect bacteria at a very low level if we compared with the culture methods. These probes have shown rapid and cost-effective microbial diagnosis, good sensitivity and specificity for some periodontal pathogens in cases of severe periodontitis.

Materials and methods
Eighty-five patients were recruited for the study. Twenty-one subjects ranging between 22 and 48 years of age fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seventy-eight samples became available for DNA probe analysis from the deepest pockets in each quadrant.

Results
All 21 patients showed positive results for Prevotella intermedia; also, Prevotella gingivalis was identified in 19 subjects, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in 6 subjects. P. intermedia was diagnosed positive in 82% of the subgingival samples taken, 79% for P. gingivalis, and 23% for A. actinomycetemcomitans.

Conclusion
This study shows a high frequency of putative periodontal pathogens by using DNA probe technology, which is semi-quantitative in this study. Deoxyribonucleic acid probes can detect bacteria at very low level about 103 which is below the detection level of culture methods. The detection threshold of cultural methods.

Clinical significance
The three types of bacteria can be detected rapidly with high sensitivity by using the DNA probe by general practitioners, and thus can help in the diagnosis process and the treatment.

How to cite this article
Yahfoufi ZAL, Hadchiti W, Berberi A. Deoxyribonucleic Acid Probes Analyses for the Detection of Periodontal Pathogens. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(9): 727-732.
An Analysis of the Stress Induced in the Periodontal Ligament during Extrusion and Rotation Movements: A Finite Element Method Linear Study Part I
Authors: Raghuveer HP , Hemanth M , Rani MS , Hegde Chathura , Vedavathi B , Chaithra D 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Background
Orthodontic tooth movement occurs due to various biomechanical changes in the periodontium. Forces within the optimal range yield maximum tooth movement with minimum deleterious effects. Among various types of tooth movements, extrusion and rotational movements are seen to be associated with the least amount of root resorption and have not been studied in detail. Therefore in this study, the stress patterns in the periodontal ligament (PDL) were evaluated with extrusion and rotational movements using the finite element method FEM.

Materials and methods
A three-dimensional (3D) FEM model of the maxillary incisors was generated using SOLIDWORKS modeling software. Stresses in the PDL were evaluated with extrusive and rotational movements by a 3D FEM using ANSYS software with linear material properties.

Results
It was observed that with the application of extrusive load, the tensile stresses were seen at the apex, whereas the compressive stress was distributed at the cervical margin. With the application of rotational movements, maximum compressive stress was distributed at the apex and cervical third, whereas the tensile stress was distributed on cervical third of the PDL on the lingual surface.

Conclusion
For extrusive movements, stress values over the periodontal ligament was within the range of optimal stress value as proposed by Lee, with a given force system by Profitt as optimum forces for orthodontic tooth movement using linear properties. During rotation there are stresses concentrated at the apex, hence due to the concentration of the compressive forces at the apex a clinician must avoid placing heavy stresses during tooth movement.

How to cite this article
Hemanth M, Raghuveer HP, Rani MS, Hegde C, Kabbur KJ, Vedavathi B, Chaithra D. An Analysis of the Stress Induced in the Periodontal Ligament during Extrusion and Rotation Movements: A Finite Element Method Linear Study Part I. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(9):740-743.