bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial medication non‐adherence: prevalence and predictive factors in a cohort of 1.6 million primary care patients
Authors: Aznar‐Lou Ignacio , Fernández Ana , Gil‐Girbau Montserrat , Fajó‐Pascual Marta , Moreno‐Peral Patricia , Peñarrubia‐María María Teresa , Serrano‐Blanco Antoni , Sánchez‐Niubó Albert , March‐Pujol María Antonia , Jové Anna Maria , Rubio‐Valera Maria 
Published: February 2017

AimsAdherence to medicines is vital in treating diseases. Initial medication non‐adherence (IMNA) – defined as not obtaining a medication the first time it is prescribed – has been poorly explored. Previous studies show IMNA rates between 6 and 28% in primary care (PC). The aims of this study were to determine prevalence and predictive factors of IMNA in the most prescribed and expensive pharmacotherapeutic groups in the Catalan health system.MethodsThis is a retrospective, register‐based cohort study which linked the Catalan PC System (Spain) prescription and invoicing databases. Medication was considered non‐initiated when it was not collected from the pharmacy by the end of the month following the one in which it was prescribed. IMNA prevalence was calculated using July 2013–June 2014 prescription data. Predictive factors related to patients, general practitioners and PC centres were identified through multilevel logistic regression analyses. Missing data were attributed using simple imputation.ResultsSome 1.6 million patients with 2.9 million prescriptions were included in the study sample. Total IMNA prevalence was 17.6% of prescriptions. The highest IMNA rate was observed in anilides (22.6%) and the lowest in angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (7.4%). Predictors of IMNA are younger age, American nationality, having a pain‐related or mental disorder and being treated by a substitute/resident general practitioner in a resident‐training centre.ConclusionsThe rate of IMNA is high when all medications are taken into account. Attempts to strengthen trust in resident general practitioners and improve motivation to initiate a needed medication in the general young and older immigrant population should be addressed in Catalan PC.
Antigenic burden and serum IgG concentrations influence rituximab pharmacokinetics in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Authors: Lioger Bertrand , Edupuganti Soujanya Ratna , Mulleman Denis , Passot Christophe , Desvignes Céline , Bejan‐Angoulvant Théodora , Thibault Gilles , Gouilleux‐Gruart Valérie , Mélet Julien , Paintaud Gilles , Ternant David 
Published: February 2017

AimsRituximab is a monoclonal antibody directed against CD20, which is approved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed at assessing the influence of CD19+ cell counts as target‐antigen amount, and of immunoglobulin G (IgG) serum concentrations on rituximab pharmacokinetics in RA patients.MethodsIn a cohort of 64 RA patients who had received repetitive courses of rituximab, the influence of CD19+ cell count, IgG serum concentration, body surface area, sex and disease activity score in 28 joints on rituximab pharmacokinetic parameters was assessed using a population pharmacokinetic analysis.ResultsA two‐compartment model, with first‐order distribution and elimination best described the data. The volume of distribution of central compartment and clearance of rituximab were estimated at 4.7 l and 0.56 l day–1, respectively. Distribution and elimination half‐lives were 0.9 days and 17.3 days, respectively. As expected, the central volume of distribution increased with body surface area (P = 0.012) and was higher in male than in female (P = 0.004). We found that the elimination rate constant (k10) increased with CD19+ count (P = 0.00022) and IgG concentration (P = 7.4 × 10−8), and that k10 decreased with time (P = 0.00015), partly explained by a change in target‐antigen amount.ConclusionsThe association between CD19+ count and k10 may be explained by target‐mediated drug disposition, while the association between IgG serum concentration and k10 may be explained by a saturation of the neonatal Fc receptor at high IgG concentrations, resulting in decreased recycling of rituximab.
Establishment and growth responses of Nile tilapia embryonic stem‐like cell lines under feeder‐free condition
Authors: Fan Zhenhua , Liu Linyan , Huang Xiaohuan , Zhao Yang , Zhou Linyan , Wang Deshou , Wei Jing 
Published: February 2017

Embryonic stem (ES) cells provide an invaluable tool for molecular analysis of vertebrate development and a bridge linking genomic manipulations in vitro and functional analysis of target genes in vivo. Work towards fish ES cells so far has focused on zebrafish (Danio renio) and medaka (Oryzias latipes). Here we describe the derivation, pluripotency, differentiation and growth responses of ES cell lines from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), a world‐wide commercial farmed fish. These cell lines, designated as TES1‐3, were initiated from blastomeres of Nile tilapia middle blastula embryos (MBE). One representative line, TES1, showed stable growth and phenotypic characteristics of ES cells over 200 days of culture with more than 59 passages under feeder‐free conditions. They exhibited high alkaline phosphatase activity and expression of pluripotency genes including pou5f3 (the pou5f1/oct4 homologue), sox2, myc and klf4. In suspension culture together with retinoic acid treatment, TES1 cells formed embryoid bodies, which exhibited expression profile of differentiation genes characteristics of all three germ cell layers. Notably, PKH26‐labeled TES1 cells introduced into Nile tilapia MBE could contribute to body compartment development and led to hatched chimera formation with an efficacy of 13%. These results suggest that TES1 cells have pluripotency and differentiation potential in vitro and in vivo. In the conditioned DMEM, all of the supplements including the fetal bovine serum, fish embryonic extract, fish serum, basic fibroblast growth factor and non‐protein supplement combination 5N were mitogenic for TES1 cell growth. This study will promote ES‐based biotechnology in commercial fish.
Hippocampal‐prefrontal theta phase synchrony in planning of multi‐step actions based on memory retrieval
Authors: Ishino Seiya , Takahashi Susumu , Ogawa Masaaki , Sakurai Yoshio 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPlanning of multi‐step actions based on the retrieval of acquired information is essential for efficient foraging. The hippocampus (HPC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) may play critical roles in this process. However, in rodents, many studies investigating such roles utilized T‐maze tasks that only require one‐step actions (i.e., selection of one of two alternatives), in which memory retrieval and selection of an action based on the retrieval cannot be clearly differentiated. In monkeys, PFC has been suggested to be involved in planning of multi‐step actions; however, the synchrony between HPC and PFC has not been evaluated. To address the combined role of the regions in planning of multi‐step actions, we introduced a task in rats that required three successive nose‐poke responses to three sequentially illuminated nose‐poke holes. During the task, local field potentials (LFP) and spikes from hippocampal CA1 and medial PFC (mPFC) were simultaneously recorded. The position of the first hole indicated whether the following two holes would be presented in a predictable sequence or not. During the first nose‐poke period, phase synchrony of LFPs in the theta range (4–10 Hz) between the regions was not different between predictable and unpredictable trials. However, only in trials of predictable sequences, the magnitude of theta phase synchrony during the first nose‐poke period was negatively correlated with latency of the two‐step ahead nose‐poke response. Our findings point to the HPC‐mPFC theta phase synchrony as a key mechanism underlying planning of multi‐step actions based on memory retrieval rather than the retrieval itself.
Risk of vigabatrin‐associated brain abnormalities on MRI in the treatment of infantile spasms is dose‐dependent
Authors: Hussain Shaun A. , Tsao Jackie , Li Menglu , Schwarz Madeline D. , Zhou Raymond , Wu Joyce Y. , Salamon Noriko , Sankar Raman 
Published: February 2017

SummaryObjectiveAlthough the link between vigabatrin (VGB) and retinotoxicity is well known, little attention has been focused on the risk of VGB‐associated brain abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (VABAM), namely reversible—and largely asymptomatic—signal changes in the thalami, basal ganglia, brainstem tegmentum, and cerebellar nuclei. Using a large infantile spasms cohort, we set out to identify predictors of these phenomena.MethodsChildren with infantile spasms were retrospectively identified. Brain MRI reports were serially reviewed without knowledge of VGB exposure. Upon VABAM discovery, records were systematically reviewed to ascertain presence of symptoms attributable to VGB. Separately, progress notes were sequentially reviewed to identify and quantify VGB exposure.ResultsWe identified 507 brain MRI studies among 257 patients with infantile spasms. VGB treatment was documented in 143 children, with detailed exposure data available for 104, of whom 45 had at least one MRI study during VGB treatment. Among the limited subset of asymptomatic children who underwent MRI (n = 40), 6 exhibited VABAM. Risk of asymptomatic VABAM was dose‐dependent, as peak (but not cumulative) VGB dosage was strongly associated with asymptomatic VABAM (p = 0.0028). In an exploratory analysis, we encountered 4 children with symptomatic VABAM among 104 patients with detailed VGB exposure data. Risk of symptomatic VABAM was seemingly dose‐independent, and potentially associated with concomitant hormonal therapy (i.e., prednisolone and adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH]) (p = 0.039).SignificanceWe have demonstrated dose‐dependent risk of asymptomatic VABAM and uncovered a possible association between symptomatic VABAM and concomitant hormonal therapy. Caution should be exercised in the use of high VGB dosage (i.e., >175 mg/kg/day), and further study is warranted to confirm the potential impact of hormonal therapy.
Effects of calcination atmosphere on monodispersed spherical particles for highly optical transparent yttria ceramics
Authors: Jung Wook Ki , Ma Ho Jin , Jung Se Woon , Kim Do Kyung 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHighly sinterable powders are required for the fabrication of transparent ceramics. Here, we studied the effects of calcination atmosphere on the characteristics of monodispersed spherical Y2O3 powders, such as crystallite size and particle density, for high optical transparent ceramics. It was found that vacuum calcination around the crystallization temperature is the crucial step to eliminate intragranular pores in the spherical particle. The fast decomposition rate in a vacuum creates smaller crystallites, and the following higher calcination temperature results in the enhancement of pore elimination. The in‐line transmittance of the transparent Y2O3 ceramics, vacuum sintered at 1750°C, was improved by increasing the particle density of the as‐calcined powders. This result indicates that the high‐density starting particles effectively enhance the pore elimination during the fabrication of transparent Y2O3 ceramics.
Residents’ engagement in everyday activities and its association with thriving in nursing homes
Authors: Björk Sabine , Lindkvist Marie , Wimo Anders , Juthberg Christina , Bergland Ådel , Edvardsson David 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimTo describe the prevalence of everyday activity engagement for older people in nursing homes and the extent to which engagement in everyday activities is associated with thriving.BackgroundResearch into residents’ engagement in everyday activities in nursing homes has focused primarily on associations with quality of life and prevention and management of neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, the mere absence of symptoms does not necessarily guarantee experiences of well‐being. The concept of thriving encapsulates and explores experiences of well‐being in relation to the place where a person lives.DesignA cross‐sectional survey.MethodA national survey of 172 Swedish nursing homes (2013–2014). Resident (n = 4831) symptoms, activities and thriving were assessed by staff using a study survey based on established questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, simple and multiple linear regression, and linear stepwise multiple regression were performed.ResultsThe most commonly occurring everyday activities were receiving hugs and physical touch, talking to relatives/friends and receiving visitors, having conversation with staff not related to care and grooming. The least commonly occurring everyday activities were going to the cinema, participating in an educational program, visiting a restaurant and doing everyday chores. Positive associations were found between activity engagement and thriving, where engagement in an activity program, dressing nicely and spending time with someone the resident likes had the strongest positive association with resident thriving.ConclusionsEngagement in everyday activities can support personhood and thriving and can be conceptualized and implemented as nursing interventions to enable residents to thrive in nursing homes.
Nurses’ response to parents’ ‘speaking‐up’ efforts to ensure their hospitalized child's safety: an attribution theory perspective
Authors: Bsharat Sondos , Drach‐Zahavy Anat 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimTo understand how attribution processes (control and stability), which the nurse attributes to parental involvement in maintaining child safety, determine the nurse's response to a safety alert.BackgroundParticipation of parents in maintaining their child's safety is shown to reduce the incidence of and risk of clinical errors. Unless nurses respond appropriately to parents’ safety alerts, this potential source of support could diminish.DesignA 2 (controllability: high vs. low) × 2 (consistency: high vs. low) factorial design.MethodsData were collected during the period 2013–2014 in paediatric wards. Four variants of scenarios were created corresponding to the different combinations of these variables. A total of 126 nurses read a scenario and completed self‐report questionnaires measuring their response to the parent's safety alert. Additional data were collected about the manipulation check, safety norms in the ward and demographic variables. Data were analysed using analysis of variance.FindingsResults showed a main effect of stability and a significant two‐way interaction effect of stability and controllability, on a nurse's tendency to help the parent and fix the safety problem. Furthermore, safety norms were significantly related to nurses’ response.ConclusionThese findings contribute to the understanding of antecedents that affect nurses’ responses to parents’ speaking‐up initiatives: whether nurses will reject or heed the alert. Theoretical and practical implications for promoting parents’ engagement in their safety are discussed.
What is the impact of shift work on the psychological functioning and resilience of nurses? An integrative review
Authors: Tahghighi Mozhdeh , Rees Clare S. , Brown Janie A. , Breen Lauren J. , Hegney Desley 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimTo synthesize existing research to determine if nurses who work shifts have poorer psychological functioning and resilience than nurses who do not work shifts.BackgroundResearch exploring the impact of shift work on the psychological functioning and resilience of nurses is limited compared with research investigating the impact of shifts on physical outcomes.DesignIntegrative literature review.Data SourcesRelevant databases were searched from January 1995–August 2016 using the combination of keywords: nurse, shift work; rotating roster; night shift; resilient; hardiness; coping; well‐being; burnout; mental health; occupational stress; compassion fatigue; compassion satisfaction; stress; anxiety; depression.Review MethodsTwo authors independently performed the integrative review processes proposed by Whittemore and Knafl and a quality assessment using the mixed‐methods appraisal tool by Pluye et al.ResultsA total of 37 articles were included in the review (32 quantitative, 4 qualitative and 1 mixed‐methods). Approximately half of the studies directly compared nurse shift workers with non‐shift workers. Findings were grouped according to the following main outcomes: (1) general psychological well‐being/quality of life; (2) Job satisfaction/burnout; (3) Depression, anxiety and stress; and (4) Resilience/coping. We did not find definitive evidence that shift work is associated with poorer psychological functioning in nurses. Overall, the findings suggest that the impact of shift work on nurse psychological functioning is dependent on several contextual and individual factors.ConclusionMore studies are required which directly compare the psychological outcomes and resilience of nurse shift workers with non‐shift workers.
Conceptual and analytical worldviews shape differences about global avian biogeography
Authors: Cracraft Joel , Claramunt Santiago 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn a recent paper, we generated a new time tree of modern birds and integrated it with biogeographic and palaeontological information to formulate a model for their biogeographic history. We postulated that modern birds originated in West Gondwanan continents, from where they dispersed around the world. Mayr suggested that our selective use of the fossil record may have biased our ancestral area reconstructions. We argue that the use of the fossil record must be selective in order to avoid the influence of its severe geographic bias: rock formations with numerous high‐quality fossil birds are found only in North America and Europe. An indiscriminate use of the avian fossil record would bias any biogeographic analysis towards these two continents. Our biogeographic model is perfectly consistent with the existence of diverse fossil avifaunas in the Eocene of North America and Europe because dispersion out of South America occurred earlier, in the Palaeocene.
Crosstalk between Smad2/3 and specific isoforms of ERK in TGF‐β1‐induced TIMP‐3 expression in rat chondrocytes
Authors: Zhu Yanhui , Gu Jianhua , Zhu Tong , Jin Chen , Hu Xiaopeng , Wang Xiang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study investigated the roles of ERK1 and ERK2 in transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1)‐induced tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‐3 (TIMP‐3) expression in rat chondrocytes, and the specific roles of ERK1 and ERK2 in crosstalk with Smad2/3 were investigated to demonstrate the molecular mechanism of ERK1/2 regulation of TGF‐β1 signalling. To examine the interaction of specific isoforms of ERK and the Smad2/3 signalling pathway, chondrocytes were infected with LV expressing either ERK1 or ERK2 siRNA and stimulated with or without TGF‐β1. At indicated time‐points, TIMP‐3 expression was determined by real‐time PCR and Western blotting; p‐Smad3, nuclear p‐Smad3, Smad2/3, p‐ERK1/2 and ERK1/2 levels were assessed. And then, aggrecan, type II collagen and the intensity of matrix were examined. TGF‐β1‐induced TIMP‐3 expression was significantly inhibited by ERK1 knock‐down, and the decrease in TIMP‐3 expression was accompanied by a reduction of p‐Smad3 in ERK1 knock‐down cells. Knock‐down of ERK2 had no effect on neither TGF‐β1‐induced TIMP‐3 expression nor the quantity of p‐Smad3. Moreover, aggrecan, type II collagen expression and the intensity of matrix were significantly suppressed by ERK1 knock‐down instead of ERK2 knock‐down. Taken together, ERK1 and ERK2 have different roles in TGF‐β1‐induced TIMP‐3 expression in rat chondrocytes. ERK1 instead of ERK2 can regulate TGF‐β/Smad signalling, which may be the mechanism through which ERK1 regulates TGF‐β1‐induced TIMP‐3 expression.
Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Self‐care Ability Scale for the Elderly
Authors: Gao Han , Söderhamn Ulrika , Cliffordson Christina , Guo Lina , Guo Qiyun , Liu Kun 
Published: February 2017

Aims and objectivesTo translate the Self‐care Ability Scale for the Elderly into Simplified Chinese and to test the Chinese version of the scale regarding its reliability and validity among older people.BackgroundSelf‐care is an important topic in nursing. When assessing older people's self‐care ability, it is essential that a reliable and valid instrument is used.DesignThis study employed across‐sectional design.MethodsWe translated the English version of the Self‐care Ability Scale for the Elderly into Simplified Chinese according to Brislin's translation guidelines and carried out a questionnaire survey among 610 older people, including both community‐dwelling people and hospital patients, in Jinzhou City, People's Republic of China. Eighty participants completed the instrument twice for test–retest reliability. Data analyses were performed using spss 17.0 and Mplus, version 5, to assess reliability and validity.ResultsA Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .89 and statistically significant item‐to‐total correlations showed evidence of homogeneity. An intraclass correlation coefficient of .99 for the test–retest between total scores and intraclass correlation coefficients between .87–.99 for the test–retest scores of each item explained the almost perfect test–retest reliability noted in this study. Content validity was found to be good, and a three‐factor model was obtained in an exploratory factor analysis (explaining a variance of 57%) and modified in a confirmatory factor analysis (χ2 = 261.559, df = 98, root mean square error of approximation = 0.074; standardised root mean square residual = 0.059), which reflected an acceptable construct validity.ConclusionsThis study shows that the Chinese version of the Self‐care Ability Scale for the Elderly has sufficient psychometric properties for assessing self‐care ability among older people in China.Relevance to clinical practiceA reliable and valid instrument is available to assess the self‐care ability of older Chinese people.
CDKL5 deficiency entails sleep apneas in mice
Authors: Lo Martire Viviana , Alvente Sara , Bastianini Stefano , Berteotti Chiara , Silvani Alessandro , Valli Alice , Viggiano Rocchina , Ciani Elisabetta , Zoccoli Giovanna 
Published: February 2017

SummaryA recently discovered neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the mutation of the cyclin‐dependent kinase‐like 5 gene (CDKL5) entails complex autistic‐like behaviours similar to Rett syndrome, but its impact upon physiological functions remains largely unexplored. Sleep‐disordered breathing is common and potentially life‐threatening in patients with Rett syndrome; however, evidence is limited in children with CDKL5 disorder, and is lacking altogether in adults. The aim of this study was to test whether the breathing pattern during sleep differs between adult Cdkl5 knockout (Cdkl5‐KO) and wild‐type (WT) mice. Using whole‐body plethysmography, sleep and breathing were recorded non‐invasively for 8 h during the light period. Sleep apneas occurred more frequently in Cdkl5‐KO than in WT mice. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis discriminated Cdkl5‐KO significantly from WT mice based on sleep apnea occurrence. These data demonstrate that sleep apneas are a core feature of CDKL5 disorder and a respiratory biomarker of CDKL5 deficiency in mice, and suggest that sleep‐disordered breathing should be evaluated routinely in CDKL5 patients.