bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Etiology of Diabetic Foot Infection in Patients with Poorly Controlled Diabetes
Authors: Iliev Sergey D. , Beshev Lyubomir Ts. , Nedyalkov Kiril L. , Nguen Dobromir D. , Edreva-Besheva Valentina E. , Sredkova Mariya P. , Belcheva Yuliya M. , Dimitrova Emiliya J. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe aim of the study was to define the spectrum and susceptibility of microorganisms, isolated from diabetic foot ulcers in patients with poorly controlled diabetes, treated at the clinic of surgery, and compare microbial findings of specimens collected superficially and from deep tissues. The study included 19 patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes with clinical signs of infection. All patients were with poorly controlled diabetes and staged from 3rd to 5th grade according to the Wagner diabetic foot scale. Swab samples from non-debrided wounds and biopsy samples from deep tissues were collected from each patient. Specimens were inoculated on media for isolation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Identification and susceptibility testing of the isolated oiganisms were performed by conventional methods, and VITEK 2 and mini API Systems (bioMerieux, France). A total of 88 bacterial isolates were cultured, comprising 56 clinical strains. Gram positive bacteria were the most common isolated organisms (53.57%), followed by Gram negative bacteria (26.78%) and anaerobic bacteria (19.64%). Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism detected (10 strains), followed by Enterococcus spp. (7 strains), Escherichia coli (7 strains), Bacteroides spp. (6 strains) and various other organisms of low incidence. Polymicrobial infection was detected in 17 (89.47%) of the patients. In most of the cases infections were caused by 3 bacterial species. Mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections were detected in 9 (47.3%) patients. In 15 (78.94%) patients, there was a coincidence of bacterial findings from superficial and deep tissue samples. The strains isolated were susceptible to commonly used antimicrobials for treatment of diabetic foot infection. The predominant part of the diabetic foot infections were polymicrobial, caused by association between two or three microbial species. In half of the cases the infection was mixed. There was a good correlation between microbial findings from superficial swabs and deep tissue specimens when they were delivered to the microbiology laboratory immediately after collection.
An Angiosarcoma in the Right Atrium: A Case Report
Authors: Dumitru Nicoleta F. , Bartos Daniela I. 
Published: December 2016

Summary
Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor of vascular endothelial cell origin, accounting for 1-2 % of all sarcomas. We present a 24-year-old female patient, initially diagnosed and treated for tuberculous pleurisy for one month. Then transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed a rare cause for the pleural and pericardial effusion - a tumoral mass apparently arising from the right atrium and extending into the upper vena cava. The patient presented with worsening dyspnea, stabbing pain in the right hemithorax and persistent, irritating cough, a recent history of haemoptysis, bilateral pleurisy and hemorrhagic pericardial effusion. The ECG showed sinus rhythm with negative T-waves in leads DI, Dll, aVL, V3 to V6. The TTE showed an irregularly shaped right atrial tumoral mass, not resembling a thrombus, which extended to the upper vena cava. The transesophageal echocardiography showed an invasion of the serous (parietal and visceral) pericardium and a dilated right atrium almost completely occupied by the tumoral mass. The CT scan revealed invasion of the upper vena cava ostium and anterior mediastinum with pretracheal adenopathies, and hemorrhagic pleural and pericardial effusion suggestive of a sarcoma. The histological examination and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of angiosarcoma. Although a rare form of malignant tumor that affects the head, neck, breast, bone, liver, spleen and heart, angiosarcoma must be considered as a possible cause of pleural and pericardial effusion, especially in previously healthy young patients.
Assessment of the Effect of Treatment with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Breast Cancer Axillary Lymph Node
Authors: Popovska Savelina L. , Ivanov Ivan N. , Dikov Dorian Y. 
Published: December 2016

Summary
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the standard of care for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABS). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on metastatic and nonmetastatic breast cancer axillary lymph nodes (ALNs). Seventy-seven patients with LABS and cytologically documented ALN metastases were treated in two prospective trials. Patients had breast surgery with level I and level II axillary dissection followed by additional chemotherapy or radiation treatment. Clinical nodal status was determined by physical examination and compared with histological and immunohistochemical findings. The regressive changes in primary tumor and ALNs were achieved using scoring systems. Objective clinical response in primary tumor was seen in 48.05% of patients. Histologic evidence of regression was noted in 46 cases (59.75%), with complete histologic regression achieved in 5 cases (6.49%). The number of cases according to the ALNs regression scoring system was as follows: 0 grade - viable metastases without effect - 21 patients (30%); 1 grade - cytotoxic effect in metastases - 20 patients (28.58%), 2 grade - micrometastasis - only3 patients (4.28%); 3 grade - no residual metastatic disease - 1 patient (1.43%); 4 grade - negative ALNs before and after treatment - 25 patients (35.71%). Nodular fibrotic area and iron-loaded macrophages suggested previous presence of tumor metastasis. There was significant relationship between histologic regression in the primary tumor and the presence of effect of cytotoxic agents on ALNs metastases (r=0.9123; p<0.00001). As chemotherapy is widely used in the treatment of breast carcinoma, pathologists should be aware of chemotherapy-induced changes in metastatic and in non­metastatic ALNs.
Postoperative Outcomes of Elective Pancreatic Surgery in a Low-Volume Academic Surgical Clinic
Authors: Julianov Alexander E. , Karashmalakov Anatoli G. , Rachkov Ivan G. , Georgiev Yonko P. 
Published: December 2016

Summary
According to the volume-outcome concept the postoperative outcome after major pancreatic surgery in high-volume institutions compares favorably to low- volume centers. However, it is not clear whether this is applicable to all low-volume institutions nowadays. The aim of the study was to evaluate the postoperative outcome after major elective pancreatic surgery in a low- volume academic surgical clinic. All consecutive elective major pancreatic cases operated within a 10-year period till October 2013 have been retrospectively reviewed. During the studied period, 36 patients (15 females, 21 males, mean age 54 years, age range 37-76) were scheduled for elective pancreatic surgery and underwent pancreatic resection (n=31, 18 proximal and 13 distal pancreatic resections) or complete pancreatic duct drainage procedure (n=5). Eleven patients had chronic pancreatitis and 25 patients had malignant or benign tumors. Vascular or adjacent organ resection was performed in 9 patients (29% of resections). The overall postoperative morbidity was 36% (n=13), and complications requiring re-operation occurred in 5 patients (14%). The median postoperative hospital stay was 11 days for patients without complications vs. 25 days for patients with any complication. There was no 60- day postoperative mortality or hospital readmission. Major elective pancreatic surgery can be safely performed today in a low-volume academic general surgical clinic, with postoperative outcomes similar to those reported by high-volume centers.
Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Diseases: A Study Among Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease in India (Kerala)
Authors: James Cyril , Attacheril Thankachan V. , Balakrishnan N. , Gaydarova Diana K. , Stancheva Nadya Y. , Gerchev Ivan P. , Ohri Shreya , Tisheva Snezhana T. 
Published: December 2016

Summary
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a condition that develops due to accumulation of atherosclerotic plaque in the epicardial coronary arteries, leading to myocardial ischemia. It is the leading cause of death worldwide and is a common complex disease. A study was carried out in a group of 496 patients with acute coronary syndrome or with angiographic or stress test evidence for coronary artery disease, admitted to the Department of Cardiology at Lourdes Heart Institute and Neuro Centre during the period June-August 2012. The risk factors studied were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, body mass index, smoking and family history of CAD. The results demonstrated that in both males and females of the Indian population studies, diabetes and dyslipidemia were major risk factors for CAD, while hypertension was not a major risk factor. Therefore, early detection and treatment of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia play a vital role in prevention of CAD in Indian population.
Rare Case of Human Visceral Linguatuliasis in Bulgaria Diagnosed on Biopsy Specimen
Authors: Mateva Svetlana A. , Nikolova Margarita R. , Karaivanov Milen P. , Marinova Petya E. 
Published: December 2016

Summary
We report a rare case of visceral linguatuliasis in a 9-year-old boy. The diagnosis was made incidentally on a biopsy specimen obtained during laparotomy on account of an acute appendicitis. An encysted parasite was found in a mesenteric lymph node and diagnosed as Linguatula serrata larva mainly based on its typical appearance. The vermiform appendix showed only lymphoid hyperplasia and no features of inflammation. The patient made an uneventful recovery after the operation and was discharged. He is being followed up. To our knowledge this is the first officially reported case of human linguatuliasis in Bulgaria.
Genetic Polymorphisms, Plasma Levels of Lipoprotein (A) and its Possible Links with Degenerative Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Tomova Vesela D. , Rashev Tihomir R. , Atanasova Milena A. 
Published: December 2016

Summary
Degenerative aortic stenosis is the second most common acquired valvular heart disease in adults (after mitral insufficiency) and the second most common cause for cardiac surgery (after coronary heart disease). The reasons for the occurrence of these diseases (congenital abnormality of the valve: bicuspid aortic valve disease, advanced renal failure, impaired calcium-phosphorus metabolism) have been established only in a small portion of these patients. The absence of a specific reason, causing calcification and narrowing of the aortic valve in recent years has challenged researchers to start investigating genetic factors that may correlate with the development of degenerative aortic stenosis. Regardless of the conducted studies, knowledge and identification of predictive genetic factors in the occurrence and progression of aortic stenosis are still insufficient. It is assumed that a specific genetic variant in the Lipoprotein (a) locus (LPA locus), reflected by the Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] plasma levels, is connected to the pathology of aortic stenosis in multiethnic groups. The study of the genetic nature of aortic stenosis and significance of Lp( a) plasma levels and genetically determined variations of its structure associated with the manifestation and progression of valvular calcification in the future might provide predictive intervention. Similar studies relating to genetic polymorphisms in LPA locus, plasma concentrations of Lp(a) and their correlation with aortic stenosis have not beenconducted in Bulgaria so far.
Alterations in Platelet Activity and Elastic Modulus of Healthy Subjects, Carriers of G20210A Polymorphism in the Prothrombin Gene
Authors: Komsa-Penkova Regina , Todinova Svetla J. , Andreeva Tonya D. , Krumova Sashka B. , Taneva Stefka G. , Golemanov Georgi M. , Georgieva Galia A. , Mihaylova Nikolina M. , Tchorbanov Andrey I. , Tonchev Pencho T. 
Published: December 2016

Summary
Platelet activation is a complex process in which platelet reorganization takes place associated with changes in the cell shape, topology, membrane elasticity and microparticle production. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes/aberrations in the platelet activity, elasticity and morphology in healthy subjects, carriers of A allele of prothrombin G20210A polymorphism. Blood samples from 18 healthy subjects were used for platelet analysis by force-mode atomic force microscopy. Restriction analysis was used to investigate the carriage of G20210A polymorphism in the prothrombin gene. Flow- cytometry was applied to evaluate platelet activation. Young’s modulus of the plasma membranes of platelets derived from healthy subjects, carriers of variant A allele of prothrombin 20210G>A polymorphism (407±69 kPa) is two times higher than the one determined for non­carriers (195.4±48.7 kPa; p<0.05). The background activity of platelets measured as an interrelation of Cd41/Cd61 and CD62 by flow cytometry was also higher in carriers of variant A allele of prothrombin 20210G>A polymorphism (5.0%) than in non-carriers (1.3%). Platelets isolated from healthy carriers of variant A allele of prothrombin 20210G>A polymorphism exhibited a higher level of activity and a higher degree of stiffness at the stage of spreading as compared to platelets from non­carriers.
Ovarian Brenner Tumors Revisited: Do We Have Space for Malignant Tumorsvand Methanol
Authors: Ivanova Vesela , Karaivanov Milen P. , Dikov Tihomir I. 
Published: December 2016

Summary
We present a case of a 75-year-old female who underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy for an ovarian tumor. Hematoxylin-eosin- stained slides from tumor specimen revealed 1) focci of benign Brenner tumor; 2) mucinous cysts and 3) intracystic papillary projections resembling low-grade papillary transitional cell carcinoma (Grade 1-2) with squamous differentiation and comedo-type necrosis; 4) focal areas resembling noninvasive papillary transitional cell carcinoma Grade 3. Immunohistochemical investigation with a panel of antibodies (p63, p53, Ki-67, Wilms Tumor 1 - WT1, pi 6) was initiated. Areas resembling urothelial carcinoma showed diffuse nuclear positive reaction for p63 and wild-type expression of p53. Ki-67-nuclear positivity varied from less than 5% up to 30% in areas resembling high-grade urothelial carcinoma. WT1 expression was not seen. Weak but still exceeding background staining was observed in predominantly cytoplasmic fashion with few scattered positive nuclei in transitional cell nest of the benign component. No reactivity, however, was seen within the proliferative component. The histopathological diagnosis was a borderline/atypical proliferative Brenner tumor.
The patient has been regularly followed up and is at present disease-free 5 years after diagnosis. In this paper, the authors describe the morphological characteristics of Brenner tumors and address some debatable issues in the light of recent immunohistochemical and molecular studies.
Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma of The Larynx: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Mateva Svetlana A. , Nikolova Margarita R. , Valkov Alexandar V. , Nikolova Margarita R. 
Published: December 2016

Summary
Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas in adults with a relative incidence amongst other sarcomas ranging from 9.8% to 16%. It usually locates in the limbs and retroperitoneum. Primary liposarcomas of the larynx and hypopharynx are rare, comprising less than 20% of all head and neck liposarcomas. According to World Health Organization, these tumors are divided into four histologic types, and well-differentiated liposarcoma is the most common one. It is a tumor of low-grade malignancy that may recur locally, but does not metastasize. We present a case of laryngopharyngeal well- differentiated liposarcoma in an old patient with two previous removals. We also discuss recently published cases with this unusual location of liposarcoma.
A Review on Strategic Positioning of Bottleneck around the Customer Order Decoupling Point and Issues on Production Planning in Supply Chain
Authors: Saeed Muhammad , Loya Samiya , Loya Adil 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe decoupling point separates part of the supply chain oriented towards customer orders from the part based on forecast planning. This paper focuses on identification of bottlenecks and their positioning with respect to customer order decoupling point (CODP) in supply chain continuum. The research is based on a conceptual model that separates engineer to order (ETO), make to order (MTO), assemble to order (ATO) and make to stock (MTS) by a decoupling point. The important feature of this paper is that supply, demand and operational constraints are allocated in specific part of the supply chain, making it more versatile. Shifting bottleneck concepts, including impact of bottleneck position and issues concerning production and capacity planning, are studied extensively to stabilize the supply chain and reduce its complexity.
A Slag Management Toolset for Determining Optimal Coal Gasification Temperatures
Authors: Kwong Kyei‐Sing , Bennett James P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGasifier operation is an intricate process because of the complex relationship between slag chemistry and temperature, limitations of feedstock materials, and operational preference. High gasification temperatures increase refractory degradation, while low gasification temperatures can lead to slag buildup on the gasifier sidewall or exit, either of which are problematic during operation. Maximizing refractory service life and gasifier performance require finding an optimized operating temperature range which is a function of the coal slag chemistry and viscosity. Gasifier operators typically use a slag’s viscosity-temperature relationship and/or ash-fusion fluid temperature to determine the gasification temperature range. NETL has built a slag management toolset to determine the optimal temperature range for gasification of a carbon feedstock. This toolset is based on a viscosity database containing experimental data, and a number of models used to predict slag viscosity as a function of composition and temperature. Gasifier users typically have no scientific basis for selecting an operational temperature range for gasification, instead using experience to select operational conditions. The use of the toolset presented in this paper provides a basis for estimating or modifying carbon feedstock slags generated from ash impurities in carbon feedstock.
Multi-Objective Optimization of HAZ Characteristics for Submerged Arc Welding of Micro-Alloyed High Strength Pipeline Steel using GRA-PCA Approach
Authors: Sharma Satish Kumar , Maheshwari Sachin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn any type of welding, its heat affected zone (HAZ) is the most critical section where the probability of hydrogen or solidification cracking is prominent. Continuous efforts are being applied by researchers and welders to minimize HAZ and its alterations. For the same purpose, by varying the factors of submerged arc welding (SAW) process which directly influences the heat input and cooling rate of the weld, experiments are carried out on the plates of micro-alloyed high strength pipeline steel. Voltage, welding speed, contact tube to work distance, wire feed rate and preheating temperature are taken as process variables. The experiments are designed according to the central composite rotatable design approach of response surface methodology (RSM). Multi-objective optimization of HAZ characteristics (HAZ area and its hardness) is carried out using grey relational analysis (GRA). To un-correlate the correlated characteristics of HAZ, principal component analysis (PCA) approach is coupled with GRA. The results of the confirmatory test have shown an improvement of 28.51 % and 5.94 % in area and hardness value of HAZ respectively at optimal setting combination of SAW process parameters.
Slag Formation – Thermodynamic Aspects and Experimental Observations
Authors: Holappa Lauri , Kacar Yilmaz 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSlags have a central role in pyro-metallurgical processes. They bind impurity compounds and absorb reaction products like oxides and sulfides. Functional slags are made by adding lime, magnesia, fluorspar, bauxite, calcium aluminate or other compounds into the reactor vessel where they form the slag together with the targeted reaction products. Additionally, refractory materials of the vessel tend to dissolve into the slag and thus influence its properties. Converter process for steelmaking is a rapid process and slag formation is extremely essential to ensure slag’s metallurgical functions and to avoid harmful reactions with the refractory materials. In this contribution, the progress of understanding the phenomena controlling slag formation and means to promote it were shortly reviewed. Thermodynamic constraints in slag formation were examined and the influence of fluxing additions was experimentally stated. Prefabricated “self-fluxing” lime was tested in industrial scale and proved to be a potential slag forming agent. Slag formation in secondary metallurgy and reduction of slag with aluminum dross or granules were experienced, and the effect on desulfurization and steel cleanliness was discussed.
Investigation on Effect of Machining Parameters of End Milling on Surface Finish and Temperature Using Taguchi Technique
Authors: N Tamiloli , J Venkatesan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMachining of alloy materials at high cutting speeds produces high temperatures in the cutting zone, which affects the surface quality. Thus, developing a model for estimating the cutting parameters and optimizing this model to minimize the surface roughness and cutting temperatures becomes utmost important to avoid any damage to the quality surface. This paper presents the development of new models and optimizing these models of machining parameters to minimize the surface roughness and cutting temperature in end milling process by Taguchi method with the statistical approach. Two objectives have been considered, minimum arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) and cutting temperature. Due to the complexity of this machining optimization problem, a single objective Taguchi method has been applied to resolve the problem, and the results have been analyzed.
Synthesis and study of structural properties of Sn doped ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Javid M. Arshad , Rafi M. , Ali Ihsan , Hussain Fayyaz , Imran M. , Nasir Ali 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPure and Sn-doped ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by simple chemical solution method. In this method we used zinc nitrate and NaOH as precursors. Sn doping content in ZnO was taken with the ratio 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent by weight. Physical properties of Sn-doped ZnO powder were studied by XRD analysis which revealed that Sn doping had a significant effect on crystalline quality, grain size, intensity, dislocation density and strain. The calculated average grain size of pure ZnO was 21 nm. The best crystalline structure was found for 0 wt.%, 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% Sn doping as observed by FESEM and XRD. However, higher Sn-doping (> 10 wt.%) degraded the crystallinity and the grain size of 27.67 nm to 17.76 nm. The structures observed in FESEM images of the samples surfaces were irregular and non-homogeneous. EDX depicted no extra peak of impurity and confirmed good quality of the samples.
Crystal structure (7,8-bis(diisopropylphosphino)-7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborane-κ2
P,P′)-(benzoato-κ2
O,O′)nickel(II), C21H42B9NiO2P2
Authors: Liguo Yang , xin Wang , Qianqian Gao , Yuqiang Dai 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
C21H42B9NiO2P2, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 9.3840(9)Å, b = 17.0119(18) Å, c = 19.9631(19) Å, β = 112.250(2)°, V = 2949.6(5)Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0585, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1489, T = 298 K.