bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case series of Bartonella quintana blood culture-negative endocarditis in Washington, DC
Authors: Ghidey Fisseha Y. , Igbinosa Osamuyimen , Mills Kristin , Lai Leon , Woods Christian , Ruiz Maria E. , Fishbein Dawn , Sampath Rahul , Lowery Robert , Wortmann Glenn 
Published: May 2016

Introduction:
Prior studies (predominantly from Europe) have demonstrated blood culture-negative endocarditis due to Bartonella. Our objective was to describe three cases of Bartonella quintana endocarditis identified within one year at a large hospital in Washington, DC, USA.

Case presentation:
We constructed a descriptive case series from a retrospective review of medical records from April to December 2013 at an 800-bed urban hospital. All three patients (ages: 52, 55 and 57 years) were undomiciled/homeless men with a history of alcoholism. Although they had negative blood cultures, echocardiography demonstrated aortic/mitral valve perforation and regurgitation in one patient, aortic/mitral valve vegetation with mitral regurgitation in the second patient, and aortic valve vegetation with regurgitation in the third patient. The patients had positive Bartonella quintana serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) with negative immunoglobulin M (IgM). PCR on DNA extracted from cardiac valves was positive for Bartonella, and DNA sequencing of PCR amplicons identified Bartonella quintana. Patients received treatment with doxycycline/rifampin or doxycycline/gentamicin.

Conclusion:
Clinicians should consider Bartonella endocarditis as a differential diagnosis in patients who fit elements of the Duke Criteria, as well as having a history of homelessness and alcoholism.
Traditional Chinese medicines in the management of cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Layne Kerry , Ferro Albert 
Published: May 2016

AimsThe aim was to perform a systematic review of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) in cardiovascular disease.MethodsElectronic databases were searched up to 11 November 2015 for all randomized‐controlled trials evaluating the effect of TCM in hypertension, ischaemic stroke, heart failure, coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using a fixed‐effects model.ResultsFour hypertension studies were eligible for statistical analysis and included 133 patients receiving TCM and 130 control patients. There were significant reductions in systolic blood pressure in patients receiving TCM, comparable to results achieved with pharmaceutical medicines. An OR of 3.781 (95% confidence interval 2.392, 5.977; P = 0.000) was observed for the anti‐hypertensive effect of TCM. Significant heterogeneity was present (P = 0.011), with a tendency towards publication bias that did not reach significance (P = 0.05275). Outcome measures for other cardiovascular diseases were inconsistent.ConclusionsCertain TCM compounds appear to have significant anti‐hypertensive effects, and although some are associated in some studies with improved outcomes in coronary heart disease, heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus, the data are inconsistent and will require large‐scale randomized‐controlled trials to allow full evaluation of any potential therapeutic benefit in these areas.
A Tool for Selecting Plants When Restoring Habitat for Pollinators
Authors: M'Gonigle Leithen K. , Williams Neal M. , Lonsdorf Eric , Kremen Claire 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNative pollinators and, particularly bees, are a critical component of agricultural systems. Unfortunately, many factors are leading to their declines, including habitat loss. Consequently, approaches have emerged that aim to restore pollinator habitat in managed landscapes. A widely adopted technique in Europe and North America is the planting of flowering shrubs and forbs along field edges. These habitats usually include a variety of species, chosen because they are attractive to pollinators and because they flower continuously over those pollinators' flight seasons. Because there are many potential plant species with different flowering times and pollinator preferences, selecting a subset is challenging. Here, we develop a tool that identifies a plant mix that optimizes some assessment criteria (e.g., pollinator visitation, richness, or phenology). We test our tool by showing that it identifies mixes that better satisfy these criteria than ones found using conventional expert‐driven methods, when applied to a plant–pollinator dataset.
Ameloblastic carcinoma: a Brazilian collaborative study of 17 cases
Authors: Loyola Adriano M , Cardoso Sergio V , de Faria Paulo R , Servato João P S , Eisenberg Ana L A , Dias Fernando L , Accioly Maria T S , Gomes Carolina C , Gomez Ricardo S , Souza Suzana O M C , dos Santos Jean N 
Published: May 2016

AimsAmeloblastic carcinoma (AMECA) is an odontogenic malignancy that combines the histological features of ameloblastoma and cytological atypia. Because of its rarity, it poses difficulties in diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the socio‐demographic data, histopathology, immunohistochemical features, treatment and outcomes of 17 cases.Methods and resultsDescriptive statistical analyses were used to portray the clinicopathological data collected, retrospectively. Log‐rank tests were performed to determine new prognostic factors. Lesions were immunostained for Ki67, p16, p53, and cytokeratins (CKs), and compared with solid/multicystic ameloblastomas (n = 15). AMECA was mostly diagnosed at a late stage, affecting the posterior mandible of male patients in their fifth decade of life. Recurrence was diagnosed in nearly 90% of treated patients, and metastasis occurred in four patients. The mean number of Ki67‐positive cells was 86.4 ± 66 per field. Tumours were focally positive for CK7, CK8, CK14, and CK18, and diffusely positive for CK19, p53, and p16. AMECA showed increased immunoexpression of CK18, CK19, p16, p53 and Ki67 as compared with benign cases.ConclusionsOur study has contributed to the improved characterization of the epidemiology, prognostic markers, treatment options and outcomes of AMECA. Current criteria must be reviewed to simplify the diagnostic process for these neoplasms.
Molybdate uptake by Agrobacterium tumefaciens correlates with the cellular molybdenum cofactor status
Authors: Hoffmann Marie‐Christine , Ali Koral , Sonnenschein Marleen , Robrahn Laura , Strauss Daria , Narberhaus Franz , Masepohl Bernd 
Published: May 2016

SummaryMany enzymes require the molybdenum cofactor, Moco. Under Mo‐limiting conditions, the high‐affinity ABC transporter ModABC permits molybdate uptake and Moco biosynthesis in bacteria. Under Mo‐replete conditions, Escherichia coli represses modABC transcription by the one‐component regulator, ModE, consisting of a DNA‐binding and a molybdate‐sensing domain. Instead of a full‐length ModE protein, many bacteria have a shorter ModE protein, ModES, consisting of a DNA‐binding domain only. Here, we asked how such proteins sense the intracellular molybdenum status. We show that the Agrobacterium tumefaciens ModES protein Atu2564 is essential for modABC repression. ModES binds two Mo‐boxes in the modA promoter as shown by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Northern analysis revealed cotranscription of modES with the upstream gene, atu2565, which was dispensable for ModES activity. To identify genes controlling ModES function, we performed transposon mutagenesis. Tn5 insertions resulting in derepressed modA transcription mapped to the atu2565‐modES operon and several Moco biosynthesis genes. We conclude that A. tumefaciens ModES activity responds to Moco availability rather than to molybdate concentration directly, as is the case for E. coli ModE. Similar results in Sinorhizobium meliloti suggest that Moco dependence is a common feature of ModES regulators.
Safety and Efficacy of Different Catheter Ablations for Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: LIU XIAO‐HUA , CHEN CHAO‐FENG , GAO XIAO‐FEI , XU YI‐ZHOU 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundPrevious studies suggested that cryoballoon ablation had clinical benefits comparable to those of radiofrequency ablation. However, recently, some new catheters have been invented, and no universal consensus exists on which ablation is the optimal choice. The present systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess and compare the safety and efficacy of cryoballoon and radiofrequency ablation by synthesizing published trials.Methods and ResultsA systematic literature review was conducted searching Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and so forth. All trials comparing cryoballoon and radiofrequency ablation were screened and included if inclusion criteria were met. A total of 40 eligible studies were identified, adding up to 11,395 patients. The follow‐up period ranged from 3 months to 25 months. Overall analyses indicated that cryoballoon ablation could bring more benefit in procedural time (risk ratio [RR] = –0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.62 to –0.15), atrial fibrillation (AF) recrudescence (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70–0.96), and major complications (RR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.58–0.95) for patients with AF. For the subgroups, the first‐generation cryoballoon significantly reduced procedural time and major complications, but it increased ablation time. The patients referred for the second‐generation cryoballoon (CBA) seemed to receive more clinical benefit (procedural time, fluoroscopic time, ablation time, AF recrudescence) and fewer complications. Finally, multiparty catheter (MTCA) was found to significantly reduce procedural and fluoroscopic times with a high rate of AF recrudescence.ConclusionsThe present systematic review and meta‐analysis demonstrated that cryoballoon ablation was associated with greater freedom from AF, shorter procedural time, and lower rate of major complications, compared with radiofrequency ablation. Especially, CBA was more advantageous. However, MTCA seems promising for radiofrequency ablation.
Genome Sequence of Serratia plymuthica A153, a Model Rhizobacterium for the Investigation of the Synthesis and Regulation of Haterumalides, Zeamine, and Andrimid
Authors: Matilla Miguel A. , Drew Alison , Udaondo Zulema , Krell Tino , Salmond George P. C. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

The rhizobacterium
Serratia plymuthica
A153 is a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the family
Enterobacteriaceae
. Here, we present the genome sequence of this strain, which produces multiple bioactive secondary metabolites, including the halogenated macrolide oocydin A, the polyamino antibiotic zeamine, and the bacterial acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor andrimid.
Abstract PD5-01: HERA trial: 10 years follow up of trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2 positive early breast cancer – Final analysis
Authors: Jackisch C , Piccart MJ , Gelber RD , Procter M , Goldhirsch A , DeAzambuja E , Castro G , Untch M , Smith I , Gianni L , Baselga J , Al-Sakaff N , Lauer S , Mcfadden E , Leyland-Jones B , Bell R , Dowsett M , Cameron D 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background: Trastuzumab (T), a recombinant monoclonal antibody against HER-2 receptor, significantly improves overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in women with HER2 positive (HER2+) early breast cancer (EBC) when administered concurrent with or sequentially after adjuvant chemotherapy.
Material and Methods: HERA (BIG 1-01) is an international, multicenter, phase III randomized trial involving 5102 women with HER2-positive (HER2+) EBC either nodal negative (tumor-size ≥ 1cm) or nodal positive. After completion of primary therapy, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy as indicated, patients (pts.) were randomized to T every 3 weeks for 1 yr, 2 years (yrs), or observation. Primary endpoint is DFS and secondary endpoints are OS and time to distant recurrence (TTDR). Here, we are presenting the HERA final analysis after 10 years of follow-up.
Results: The clinical data cut-off for this final analysis of the HERA trial is June 2015. Data are being cleaned and final safety and efficacy analyses will be available for presentation at the meeting. Cardiac toxicity remained low and occurred mostly during the treatment phase.
Citation Format: Jackisch C, Piccart MJ, Gelber RD, Procter M, Goldhirsch A, DeAzambuja E, Castro Jr G, Untch M, Smith I, Gianni L, Baselga J, Al-Sakaff N, Lauer S, Mcfadden E, Leyland-Jones B, Bell R, Dowsett M, Cameron D. HERA trial: 10 years follow up of trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2 positive early breast cancer – Final analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD5-01.
Iterative Outlier Removal: A Method for Identifying Outliers in Laboratory Recalibration Studies
Authors: Parrinello Christina M , Grams Morgan E , Sang Yingying , Couper David , Wruck Lisa M , Li Danni , Eckfeldt John H , Selvin Elizabeth , Coresh Josef 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDExtreme values that arise for any reason, including those through nonlaboratory measurement procedure-related processes (inadequate mixing, evaporation, mislabeling), lead to outliers and inflate errors in recalibration studies. We present an approach termed iterative outlier removal (IOR) for identifying such outliers.METHODSWe previously identified substantial laboratory drift in uric acid measurements in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study over time. Serum uric acid was originally measured in 1990–1992 on a Coulter DACOS instrument using an uricase-based measurement procedure. To recalibrate previous measured concentrations to a newer enzymatic colorimetric measurement procedure, uric acid was remeasured in 200 participants from stored plasma in 2011–2013 on a Beckman Olympus 480 autoanalyzer. To conduct IOR, we excluded data points &gt;3 SDs from the mean difference. We continued this process using the resulting data until no outliers remained.RESULTSIOR detected more outliers and yielded greater precision in simulation. The original mean difference (SD) in uric acid was 1.25 (0.62) mg/dL. After 4 iterations, 9 outliers were excluded, and the mean difference (SD) was 1.23 (0.45) mg/dL. Conducting only one round of outlier removal (standard approach) would have excluded 4 outliers [mean difference (SD) = 1.22 (0.51) mg/dL]. Applying the recalibration (derived from Deming regression) from each approach to the original measurements, the prevalence of hyperuricemia (&gt;7 mg/dL) was 28.5% before IOR and 8.5% after IOR.CONCLUSIONSIOR is a useful method for removal of extreme outliers irrelevant to recalibrating laboratory measurements, and identifies more extraneous outliers than the standard approach.
Wavelength-dependent switching of photocurrent polarity in a semiconductor film with bifacial band bendings
Authors: Ikuno Takashi , Hasegawa Masaki 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
We have found that a semiconductor film with bifacial band bendings formed in the same direction exhibit a bipolar photocurrent response that depends on the incident light wavelength. A device simulation indicated that the barrier heights and directions of the band bendings were essential factors in the wavelength-dependent bipolar outputs. Interestingly, the transition wavelength of the output polarity can be tuned by changing the film thickness. We experimentally revealed that single crystalline n-type tungsten disulfide, for which the front and rear surfaces were modified, exhibits a wavelength-dependent bipolar output.
Evaluation of four global reanalysis products using in situ observations in the Amundsen Sea Embayment, Antarctica
Authors: Jones R. W. , Renfrew I. A. , Orr A. , Webber B. G. M. , Holland D. M. , Lazzara M. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe glaciers within the Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE), West Antarctica, are amongst the most rapidly retreating in Antarctica. Meteorological reanalysis products are widely used to help understand and simulate the processes causing this retreat. Here we provide an evaluation against observations of four of the latest global reanalysis products within the ASE region—the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Interim Reanalysis (ERA‐I), Japanese 55‐year Reanalysis (JRA‐55), Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), and Modern Era Retrospective‐Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). The observations comprise data from four automatic weather stations (AWSs), three research vessel cruises, and a new set of 38 radiosondes all within the period 2009–2014. All four reanalyses produce 2 m temperature fields that are colder than AWS observations, with the biases varying from approximately −1.8°C (ERA‐I) to −6.8°C (MERRA). Over the Amundsen Sea, spatially averaged summertime biases are between −0.4°C (JRA‐55) and −2.1°C (MERRA) with notably larger cold biases close to the continent (up to −6°C) in all reanalyses. All four reanalyses underestimate near‐surface wind speed at high wind speeds (>15 m s−1) and exhibit dry biases and relatively large root‐mean‐square errors (RMSE) in specific humidity. A comparison to the radiosonde soundings shows that the cold, dry bias at the surface extends into the lower troposphere; here ERA‐I and CFSR reanalyses provide the most accurate profiles. The reanalyses generally contain larger temperature and humidity biases, (and RMSE) when a temperature inversion is observed, and contain larger wind speed biases (~2 to 3 m s−1), when a low‐level jet is observed.
Water and sanitation service delivery, pricing, and the poor: An empirical estimate of subsidy incidence in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Fuente David , Gakii Gatua Josephine , Ikiara Moses , Kabubo‐Mariara Jane , Mwaura Mbutu , Whittington Dale 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe increasing block tariff (IBT) is among the most widely used tariffs by water utilities, particularly in developing countries. This is due in part to the perception that the IBT can effectively target subsidies to low‐income households. Combining data on households' socioeconomic status and metered water use, this paper examines the distributional incidence of subsidies delivered through the IBT in Nairobi, Kenya. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we find that high‐income residential and nonresidential customers receive a disproportionate share of subsidies and that subsidy targeting is poor even among households with a private metered connection. We also find that stated expenditure on water, a commonly used means of estimating water use, is a poor proxy for metered use and that previous studies on subsidy incidence underestimate the magnitude of the subsidy delivered through water tariffs. These findings have implications for both the design and evaluation of water tariffs in developing countries.
Temporal nutrient dynamics in the Mediterranean Sea in response to anthropogenic inputs
Authors: Moon Ji‐Young , Lee Kitack , Tanhua Toste , Kress Nurit , Kim Il‐Nam 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe temporal dynamics of the concentrations of nitrate (N), phosphate (P), and the N:P ratio in the upper water column (200–600 m) of the Mediterranean (MED) Sea were investigated using observational data (~123,100 data points) collected between 1985 and 2014. The studied variables were found to evolve similarly in the western and eastern MED Sea. In both basins, the N concentration increased during the first part of the observational period (1985–1998), and the temporal trend of N was broadly consistent with the history of riverine and atmospheric nitrogen input from populated areas in Europe, with a lag period of 20 years. In subsequent years, the N concentration was high and relatively constant between 1998 and 2005, after which N decreased gradually, although the decreasing trend was indistinct in the western basin. In particular, the trend of constant then declining N after 1998 is consistent with the history of pollutant nitrogen emissions from the European continent, allowing a 20 year lag following the introduction of regulation of pollutant nitrogen in the 1970s. The three‐phase temporal transition in P in both basins was more consistent with the riverine phosphorus input, with a lag period of 20 years. Our analysis indicates that the recent dynamics of N and P in the upper MED Sea has been sensitive to the dynamics of anthropogenic nitrogen and phosphorus input from atmospheric deposition and rivers.
Seasonal and regional variations in extreme precipitation event frequency using CMIP5
Authors: Janssen E. , Sriver R. L. , Wuebbles D. J. , Kunkel K. E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractUnderstanding how the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events are changing is important for regional risk assessments and adaptation planning. Here we use observational data and an ensemble of climate change model experiments (from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5)) to examine past and potential future seasonal changes in extreme precipitation event frequency over the United States. Using the extreme precipitation index as a metric for extreme precipitation change, we find key differences between models and observations. In particular, the CMIP5 models tend to overestimate the number of spring events and underestimate the number of summer events. This seasonal shift in the models is amplified in projections. These results provide a basis for evaluating climate model skill in simulating observed seasonality and changes in regional extreme precipitation. Additionally, we highlight key sources of variability and uncertainty that can potentially inform regional impact analyses and adaptation planning.
Synergistic Catalysis: Enantioselective Ring Expansion of Vinyl Cyclopropanes Combining Four Catalytic Cycles for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Spirocyclopentanes Bearing up to Four Stereocenters
Authors: Meazza Marta , Rios Ramon 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA double synergistic cascade reaction is reported, combining transition metal and amine catalysis. The reaction between vinyl cyclopropanes and enals renders the final cyclopentane derivatives in excellent yields and stereoselectivities.
Effects of pectin on fermentation characteristics, carbohydrate utilization, and microbial community composition in the gastrointestinal tract of weaning pigs
Authors: Tian Lingmin , Bruggeman Geert , van den Berg Marco , Borewicz Klaudyna , Scheurink Anton J.W. , Bruininx Erik , de Vos Paul , Smidt Hauke , Schols Henk A. , Gruppen Harry 
Published: May 2016

ScopeWe aimed to investigate the effects of three different soluble pectins on the digestion of other consumed carbohydrates, and the consequent alterations of microbiota composition and SCFA levels in the intestine of pigs.Methods and resultsPiglets were fed a low‐methyl esterified pectin enriched diet (LMP), a high‐methyl esterified pectin enriched diet (HMP), a hydrothermal treated soybean meal enriched diet (aSBM) or a control diet (CONT). LMP significantly decreased the ileal digestibility of starch resulting in more starch fermentation in the proximal colon. In the ileum, low‐methyl esterified pectin present was more efficiently fermented by the microbiota than high‐methyl esterified pectin present which was mainly fermented by the microbiota in the proximal colon. Treated soybean meal was mainly fermented in the proximal colon and shifted the fermentation of cereal dietary fiber to more distal parts, resulting in high SCFA levels in the mid colon. LMP, HMP, and aSBM decreased the relative abundance of the genus Lactobacillus and increased that of Prevotella in the colon.ConclusionThe LMP, HMP, and aSBM, differently affected the digestion processes compared to the control diet and shaped the colonic microbiota from a Lactobacillus‐dominating flora to a Prevotella‐dominating community, with potential health‐promoting effects.