bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active Video Games for Improving Physical Performance Measures in Older People: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Taylor Lynne M. , Kerse Ngaire , Frakking Tara , Maddison Ralph 
Published: March 2016

Background and Purpose:
Participation in regular physical activity is associated with better physical function in older people (>65 years); however, older people are the least active of all age groups. Exercise-based active video games (AVGs) offer an alternative to traditional exercise programs aimed at maintaining or enhancing physical performance measures in older people. This review systematically evaluated whether AVGs could improve measures of physical performance in older people. Secondary measures of safety, game appeal, and usability were also considered.

Methods:
Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials published up to April 2015. Included were trials with 2 or more arms that evaluated the effect of AVGs on outcome measures of physical performance in older people.

Results:
Eighteen randomized controlled trials (n = 765) were included. Most trials limited inclusion to healthy community-dwelling older people. With the exception of 1 trial, all AVG programs were supervised. Using meta-analyses, AVGs were found to be more effective than conventional exercise (mean difference [MD], 4.33; 95% confidence intervals [CIs], 2.93-5.73) or no intervention (MD, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.17-1.29) for improving Berg Balance scores in community-dwelling older people. Active video games were also more effective than control for improving 30-second sit-to-stand scores (MD, 3.99; 95% CI, 1.92-6.05). No significant differences in Timed Up and Go scores were found when AVGs were compared with no intervention or with conventional exercise.

Conclusions:
Active video games can improve measures of mobility and balance in older people when used either on their own or as part of an exercise program. It is not yet clear whether AVGs are equally suitable for older people with significant cognitive impairments or balance or mobility limitations. Given the positive findings to date, consideration could be given to further development of age-appropriate AVGs for use by older people with balance or mobility limitations.
Impact Of Computer Based Share Market Simulations On Learning: A Link Between Self-Efficacy And Understanding
Authors: Foster F. Douglas , Gregor Shirley , Heaney Richard , Northcott William , O'Neill Terry , Richardson Alex , Welch Emma , Wood Robert 
Published: March 2016

While the literature supports the use of share market simulation as an educational tool we analyse the impact of a share market simulation on student self-efficacy and understanding. We find evidence of a statistically significant increase in self-efficacy through the use of the educational simulation. We also find that while self-efficacy at the start of the simulation is positively correlated with the level of self-efficacy at the end, the final level of understanding attained is positively related to both self-efficacy and the level of understanding that existed at the beginning of the simulation.
The Ethics Of Managing Short-Term Earnings: Business Managers And Business Students Rate Earnings Management Practices Implications For Academia
Authors: Giacomino Don E. , Bellovary Jodi L. , Akers Michael D. 
Published: March 2016

In 1990, Bruns and Merchant surveyed the readership of the Harvard Business Review (HBR). Their survey asked HBR readers to rate the acceptability of earnings management practices. Prior to that study, researchers and accounting practitioners paid little attention to the morality of short-term earnings management. However, in the wake of highly publicized financial frauds and failures, the profession and academic journals have emphasized the importance of the concepts of earnings quality and earnings management.The Bruns and Merchant survey provided 13 earnings management situations and asked the HBR readers to rate the acceptability of those practices. In this study, we surveyed students and business managers to measure their perceptions about the morality of specific earnings management actions to determine if their perceptions are different from those of the HBR readers 15 years ago. This article also compares the results of our study with several other studies that used the Bruns & Merchant instrument during the most recent 15 years. Based on our findings, we discuss implications for academia.
AACSB Does It Matter?
Authors: Yates Donald , Shough Stuart 
Published: March 2016

Does the accreditation of a school of business by AACSB have any bearing upon the school’s standing with the local population or is it primarily a term that is recognized only within academic circles and the townsfolk have no opinion? This paper outlines the results of a survey of the local population – both business people and non-business people – by a marketing research class at a local university. In order to not embarrass the respondents, they never posed the question “Do you know what it means to be AACSB certified?” However, they did ask other questions which enabled them to obtain sufficient information to answer the question, AACSB – Does It Matter?
Innovation Constructs: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Sauer Paul L. , O'Donnell Joseph B. 
Published: March 2016

Many organizations strive to improve performance by creating and marketing new products and/or services. Understanding why some new products and services succeed while others fail is critical to managers and marketing researchers. Diffusion of innovation theory addresses the reasons for, and rate of, the adoption of new ideas, products, and services. This theory and its related constructs have been successfully applied to new products while there has been less on emphasis on new services such as educational innovations. Further, research of educational innovations, has focused on adoption by teachers and administrators rather than students. This research study addresses this gap by empirically investigating whether diffusion of innovation theory and constructs apply to student adoption of new academic programs. T
Using The Theory Of Planned Behavior To Understand In-Service Kindergarten Teachers Behavior To Enroll In A Graduate Level Academic Program
Authors: Chen I Ju 
Published: March 2016

The main purpose of this study was to investigate and predict the behavioral intention of in-service Taiwanese kindergarten teachers regarding whether they would join a graduate level academic program. The research framework was based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in order to identify the most influential component that affected their intention to join a graduate level academic program. The study results demonstrate that the three components of the theory of planned behavior accurately predicted the factors affecting the kindergarten teachers concerning this intention. The most powerful components to affect the teachers were attitude and perceived behavioral control. Both attitude and perceived behavioral control were correlated and had a significant relationship to intention.
Accounting Issues: An Essay Series Part IV-Property, Plant, & Equipment
Authors: Laux Judy 
Published: March 2016

This fourth article in a series of theoretical essays intended to supplement the introductory financial accounting course is dedicated to the topic of property, plant, and equipment (PP&E), including both the accounting treatment and its related conceptual connections. The paper also addresses the measurement dilemmas, scandalous accounting episodes that have made the headlines, and both theoretical and empirical studies about PP&E that might be of interest to both students and professors.
Using The Monopoly Board Game As An In-Class Economic Simulation In The Introductory Financial Accounting Course
Authors: Shanklin Stephen B. , Ehlen Craig R. 
Published: March 2016

This paper discusses using the Monopoly® board game as an economic simulation exercise to reinforce an understanding of how the accounting cycle impacts financial statements used to evaluate management performance. This approach uses the rules and strategies of a familiar board game to create a simulation of business and economic realities, which then becomes an effective in-class financial accounting practice set. The unique combination of each player’s skill and luck provides for unlimited outcome possibilities, delivering an interpretive result that cannot be predicted. This provides the students with a sense of ownership and “their own business” activities to record and present in class. While there is a definite lack of control over homework assigned by the instructor, the uniqueness of each Monopoly® team’s game results requires active engagement in class and individual effort on the assignments outside the classroom. The game establishes a valuable parallel for reality in practicing the financial accounting cycle and emphasizing its use by external parties. Because of the dynamic sense of capturing the “real-time” aspect of the game into finished financial statements for analysis, the students start to sense a greater appreciation for the role that accounting plays in business. This makes the first course in financial accounting move more quickly, and students appear to grasp the nature and purpose of the financial accounting system more readily and actively than with other pedagogical approaches previously used. This tends to offset the generally negative reputation of financial accounting courses on campus and also creates positive buzz about the principles of accounting class for students who must take it as a required course.
Accounting Issues: An Essay Series Part II Accounts Receivable
Authors: Laux Judith A. 
Published: March 2016

This is the second in a series of articles designed to help academics refocus the introductory accounting course on the theoretical underpinnings of accounting. Intended as a supplement for the principles course, this article connects the asset Accounts Receivable to the essential theoretical constructs, discusses the inherent tradeoffs and measurement dilemmas involved, describes newsworthy examples of “beyond-GAAP accounting,” and offers a brief bibliography for further investigation should students or professors choose to research this element in more depth.
College Of Business Majors Perceptions Toward Globalization: An Empirical Study
Authors: Janavaras Basil , Kuzma John , Thiewes Harold 
Published: March 2016

The objective of this paper is to determine the extent to which business majors’ attitudes towards globalization are influenced by the area of selected study. Research has documented that more favorable attitudes towards globalization are found among college students, and specifically, these more favorable attitudes are found in business majors. While individuals may see globalization resulting in positive effects for the economy, business and the consumer, attitudes concerning globalization’s impact on the environment and domestic job creation and security may be quite different. We surveyed junior and senior students at a mid-western public university on a variety of questions related to globalization. Unlike the comparison of business with liberal arts majors, a further examination of the responses of four different business majors failed to note any consistent differences in the student responses. Our findings support the Heckscher-Ohlin theory which argues that one’s skill endowments influence perceptions on globalization, and, when applied to the academic environment, the more favorable global attitudes among business majors are influenced by the skills attained in their academic training.
Teaching Hybrid Principles Of Finance To Undergraduate Business Students Can It Work?
Authors: Letterman Denise 
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between course design and predictor variables: motivation, satisfaction, and success for students enrolled in the hybrid Principles of Finance course. The participants for this research project were 117 undergraduate students (encompassing 6 semesters) at Robert Morris University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The results indicate that course design does influence the predictor variables. (A hybrid course combines face-to-face classroom instruction with computer-based learning. These courses move a portion of course learning online and, as a result, reduce the amount of classroom time needed.)
Exploring The Factors Influencing UPM English Language Faculty Members Adoption And Integration Of Web-Based Instruction (WBI)
Authors: Sayadian Sima , Mukundan Jayakaran , Baki Roselan 
Published: March 2016

Technology, if integrated effectively, has been found to influence students’ academic performance, develop their higher order thinking and problem solving, improve their motivation, attitude, and interest in learning, and help them prepare for the workforce as well as address the needs of low performing, at-risk, and learning impaired students (Center for Applied Research in Educational Technology, 2005). This paper reports the findings of the study trying to investigate the application and integration of web based instruction by University Putra Malaysia (UPM) lecturers in Serdang , Malaysia. A questionnaire which included the items from the short form of the Moore and Benbasat (1991) instrument as well as some demographic questions was administered to UPM lecturers in Malaysia. Data collected through the survey questionnaire was used to examine the factors influencing the University Putra Malaysia (UPM) lecturers’ perception about application and integration of web based instruction. Our analysis of the data suggests that the innovation adoption variables of relative advantage, compatibility, visibility, ease of use, results demonstrability, and trialability should be considered by university lecturers seeking to increase the rate of adoption of e-Learning within their organisation.
Doctoral Colloquia The Student Experience
Authors: Stegemann Nicole , Glaser Stan 
Published: March 2016

Doctoral Colloquia are organised regularly by academic associations to provide doctoral students with feedback on their research. This paper discusses one such colloquium held recently in Sydney under the auspices of the Australia New Zealand Marketing Academy (ANZMAC). It provides the results of a survey held after the colloquium which highlights the effective use of various techniques to engage students and ensure they had positive outcomes from the experience. The colloquium used a variety of techniques which lead to the positive outcomes; these included a form of speed-dating to discuss research ideas and one-on-one sessions with faculty from an expert panel. This paper will discuss these techniques. It also provides the results of the survey and concludes with recommendations for other academics involved in organising doctoral colloquia.
An Investigation Of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety And Its Relationship With Students Achievement
Authors: Awan Riffat-un-Nisa , Azher Musarrat , Anwar Muhammad Nadeem , Naz Anjum 
Published: March 2016

The present study examines anxiety in English undergraduate classes with regard to the type of situations that provoke anxiety during different stages of the learning process and the relationship of anxiety with learners’ achievement. Participants of the study include 149 undergraduates enrolled in second and sixth semester of different departments of University of Sargodha who are learning English as a foreign language. The questionnaire used in this study is the abbreviated form of Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS). An inventory is also used to determine different situations that provoke anxiety. Finally, students’ GPA in English classes is taken to find its relationship with language anxiety. The results show that language anxiety and achievement are negatively related to each other. It is also found that female students are lessanxious in learning English as a foreign language than male students. ‘Speaking in front of others’ is rated as the biggest cause of anxiety followed by ‘worries about grammatical mistakes’, ‘pronunciation’ and ‘being unable to talk spontaneously’. It is suggested that the classroom environment should be encouraging and motivating. Moreover, teachers need to deal with anxiety-provoking situations carefully.
The Use Of Metacognitive Scaffolding To Improve College Students Academic Success
Authors: James Ioney , Okpala Comfort O. 
Published: March 2016

In this era of accountabilities and complex ecologies, it is important to highlight results from metacognitive scaffolding, aimed at enhancing the learning strategies of a group of college freshmen preparing for the Praxis 1 examination. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of the use of metacognitive scaffolding used to enhance the literacy skills of 35 college students on their performance as measured by their test scores in Praxis 1 examination. It focuses on the importance of learning strategies to academic success, and literacy challenges encountered by college students. The result from the study indicates substantial improvement in students’ literacy performance on Praxis 1 examination.
Everything That New And Adjunct Business Faculty Members Should Ask About Teaching, But Dont Know Enough To Ask
Authors: Berschback Rick 
Published: March 2016

This paper is a user-friendly manual designed to minimize the growing pains associated with college-level teaching. Specific topics include syllabus development, classroom teaching methods, proper use of the initial class session, and advice related to answering student questions. Many new and adjunct instructors are met with unexpected challenges in the classroom. This manual will help them anticipate those challenges, improve the quality of instruction, and allow the instructor to better meet the course objectives.
Use of posttreatment imaging and biomarker testing for survivors of breast cancer
Authors: Barton Mary Kay 
Published: March 2016

Key Points

Many clinicians are still using low‐value routine surveillance imaging or biomarker testing in asymptomatic survivors of breast cancer.
An imaging test for patients with early‐stage breast cancer after primary treatment was usually performed because of a symptom or clinical finding; however, almost all biomarker testing in this setting was performed as routine surveillance.
Quality reporting must include the reasons behind posttreatment testing to avoid categorizing a test done to evaluate a sign or symptom as inappropriate surveillance.
The orientation of foliicolous lichen campylidia with respect to water runoff and its significance for propagule dispersal
Authors: Sanders William B. , Tokamov Sherzod A. , Papkov Galen I. 
Published: March 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Some common leaf‐dwelling lichen fungi produce asexual spores (conidia) within curved, dorsiventral structures called campylidia. Their shape and tendency to face in the same direction have generated speculation about how dispersal is accomplished. Here we tested the hypothesis that campylidia orient their spore‐producing surface against runoff currents and examined the effects of hydration to better understand the spore dispersal mechanism.METHODS:Palm leaves bearing lichens (Calopadia) were surveyed with a dissecting microscope for campylidia with fibrous debris entangled around the base. Where possible, the direction of runoff flow was inferred from the position of the entangled debris; the angle between this direction and that toward which the spore‐producing side faced was calculated for 67 campylidia. Other fresh‐collected campylidia were photographed in the air‐dry state and again after hydration.KEY RESULTS:Orientation of campylidia was strongly correlated with direction of runoff flow, such that the spore‐producing side faced against oncoming runoff. Hydration of campylidia quickly resulted in swelling of the conidial mass beneath a thin flap of tissue covering the conidiogenous surface. The flap then bulged outward, exposing the conidial mass from above within its pocket‐like compartment.CONCLUSIONS:Our results support previous contentions that water impact against campylidia is important in spore dispersal. However, the morphology of hydrated campylidia and their strong tendency to face upstream suggest that water currents impact laterally upon the thin tissue covering the hydrated conidial mass, thereby extruding spores apically. We contrast these findings with previous suggestions that campylidia act as splash cups.
The amount of parenchyma and living fibers affects storage of nonstructural carbohydrates in young stems and roots of temperate trees
Authors: Plavcová Lenka , Hoch Günter , Morris Hugh , Ghiasi Sara , Jansen Steven 
Published: March 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) are used as proxies for the net carbon balance of trees and as indicators of carbon starvation resulting from environmental stress. Woody organs are the largest NSC‐storing compartments in forest ecosystems; therefore, it is essential to understand the factors that affect the size of this important storage pool. In wood, NSC are predominantly deposited in ray and axial parenchyma (RAP); however, direct links between nutrient storage and RAP anatomy have not yet been established. Here, we tested whether the NSC storage capacity of wood is influenced by the amount of RAP.METHODS:We measured NSC concentrations and RAP fractions in root and stem sapwood of 12 temperate species sampled at the onset of winter dormancy and in stem sapwood of four tropical trees growing in an evergreen lowland rainforest. The patterns of starch distribution were visualized by staining with Lugol's solution.KEY RESULTS:The concentration of NSCs in sapwood of temperate trees scales tightly with the amount of RAP and living fibers (LFs), with almost all RAP and LFs being densely packed with starch grains. In contrast, the tropical species had lower NSC concentrations despite their higher RAP and LFs fraction and had considerable interspecific differences in starch distribution.CONCLUSIONS:The differences in RAP and LFs abundance affect the ability of sapwood to store NSC in temperate trees, whereas a more diverse set of functions of RAP might be pronounced in species growing in a tropical environment with little seasonality.