bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thumb Function and Electromyography Result after Modified Camitz Tendon Transfer
Authors: Durban Claire Marie , Antolin Bernard , Sau Chung Ying , Li Sheung Wai , Ip Wing Yuk 
Published: August 2017

Background: Various techniques of opponensplasty have been developed with the aim of restoring the thumb function. The modified Camitz opponensplasty is a simple technique done together with an open carpal tunnel release. It restores thumb palmar abduction soon after the procedure, during such time that the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) is still recovering. The aim of this study was to assess the recovery and level of activity of the abductor pollicis brevis and palmaris longus (PL) muscles during thumb opposition and abduction after performing the modified Camitz opponensplasty. Methods: The records of 21 patients who underwent modified Camitz opponensplasty for severe carpal tunnel syndrome were reviewed. Thumb function was evaluated using the Van Wetter Apogee test, Kapandji index, tripod pinch strength, and power grip. Electromyography was utilized to evaluate APB recovery; ultrasonography was employed to evaluate PL activity. Results: Twenty patients reached 80% of the abduction height of the contralateral hand; the Kapandji index was good in thirteen. Palmaris longus activity was evaluated together with the APB muscle recovery. There was significant improvement in the average grip strength and average tripod pinch strength. However, this did not correlate with the degree of neurologic and muscular recovery of the APB. We surmise that the palmaris longus augmented the abductor pollicis brevis muscle even in those with full muscle recovery. Conclusions: The modified Camitz opponensplasty is a practical option for patients suffering from severe carpal tunnel syndrome with diminished thumb function.
An Experimental Model on the Biomechanical Behaviour of the Flexor Tendons in New Zealand Rabbits
Authors: Skouteris D. , Magnissalis E. , Papalois A. , Varitimidis S. , Papagelopoulos P. J. , Zoubos A. B. 
Published: August 2017

Background: In order to introduce new pharmacological agents with the intent to inhibit the adhesion formation, it is important to test such products on laboratory animals under a protocol that can evaluate the quantitative and qualitative aspects of healing of the tendons. Most experimental models focus on the tensile strength and histological analysis of the tendons, failing to sufficiently quantify the degree of the adhesion formation.Methods: The experiment included six male New Zealand rabbits that underwent surgery of their right forepaws. The deep flexor tendon of the middle finger was transected and repaired and after six weeks the rabbits were killed. In order to assess the extent of adhesions, the functional stiffness of the tendons and the range of motion of the specimens’ fingers was studied using a tensile testing machine. The setup used allowed the simultaneous recording of the specimens’ motion and the pulling force values.Results: The mean values of the left and right forepaws were expressed in the same chart showing a clear difference between the operated and non operated forepaws.Conclusions: Using a relatively simple set up in the laboratory we had the chance to focus on a more elaborate analysis of the data with the help of low cost and accessible software.
Iatrogenic Injuries of the Palmar Branch of the Median Nerve Following Volar Plate Fixation of the Distal Radius
Authors: Samson Deepak , Power Dominic M. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Our aims were to identify iatrogenous injuries to the palmar branch of the median nerve sustained during volar plate fixation of the distal radius, make the clinician aware of this relatively uncommon complication of distal radius fixation, to emphasise common threads in symptomatology and to propose an algorithm for evaluation and management. Methods: Retrospectively interrogating our database over a 5 year period, the case records, neurophysiology records, operative records, therapy records were reviewed. The data was analysed with regard to the grade of surgeon performing the procedure, the site of injury, complexity of the fracture, delay to surgery, implant choice and outcome of the treatment. Variations in nerve anatomy were documented during revision surgery and common themes in symptomatology and clinical presentation were identified. Results: Seven patients with an iatrogenic injury involving the palmar branch of the median nerve associated with volar plate fixation of the distal radius were assessed. The male: female ratio was 1:6 and the mean age of patients was 47.8 years (33-74 years). The initial operative fixation was undertaken by a consultant orthopaedic surgeon at a mean of 7.8 (1-17) days from injury. The mean time from fracture fixation surgery to referral to the peripheral nerve injury service was 8.9 (2-36) months. Six patients presented with pain on attempted wrist extension. Five patients had parasthesia, hyperaesthesia or dysaesthesia in the distribution of the PCBMN. Anaesthesia or hypoaesthesia was present in three patients. Two patients presented with symptoms of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) Type 2. Conclusions: Revising relevant anatomy and possible variations as well as careful placements of retractors in the region of the median nerve could bring down these injuries. We propose an algorithm for their management.
The Tumor-Suppressor Protein OPCML Potentiates Anti–EGFR- and Anti–HER2-Targeted Therapy in HER2-Positive Ovarian and Breast Cancer
Authors: Zanini Elisa , Louis Louay S. , Antony Jane , Karali Evdoxia , Okon Imoh S. , McKie Arthur B. , Vaughan Sebastian , El-Bahrawy Mona , Stebbing Justin , Recchi Chiara , Gabra Hani 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Opioid-binding protein/cell adhesion molecule-like (OPCML) is a tumor-suppressor gene that is frequently inactivated in ovarian cancer and many other cancers by somatic methylation. We have previously shown that OPCML exerts its suppressor function by negatively regulating a spectrum of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), such as ErbB2/HER2, FGFR1, and EphA2, thus attenuating their related downstream signaling. The physical interaction of OPCML with this defined group of RTKs is a prerequisite for their downregulation. Overexpression/gene amplification of EGFR and HER2 is a frequent event in multiple cancers, including ovarian and breast cancers. Molecular therapeutics against EGFR/HER2 or EGFR only, such as lapatinib and erlotinib, respectively, were developed to target these receptors, but resistance often occurs in relapsing cancers. Here we show that, though OPCML interacts only with HER2 and not with EGFR, the interaction of OPCML with HER2 disrupts the formation of the HER2-EGFR heterodimer, and this translates into a better response to both lapatinib and erlotinib in HER2-expressing ovarian and breast cancer cell lines. Also, we show that high OPCML expression is associated with better response to lapatinib therapy in breast cancer patients and better survival in HER2-overexpressing ovarian cancer patients, suggesting that OPCML co-therapy could be a valuable sensitizing approach to RTK inhibitors. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(10); 2246–56. ©2017 AACR.
Comprehensive Molecular Profiling of Olfactory Neuroblastoma Identifies Potentially Targetable FGFR3 Amplifications
Authors: Lazo de la Vega Lorena , McHugh Jonathan B. , Cani Andi K. , Kunder Komal , Walocko Frances M. , Liu Chia-Jen , Hovelson Daniel H. , Robinson Dan , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Tomlins Scott A. , Harms Paul W. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Olfactory neuroblastomas (ONBs), also known as esthesioneuroblastomas, are malignant round-cell tumors that represent up to 5% of sinonasal malignancies. Despite their aggressive course, molecular studies of ONBs have been limited, and targeted therapies are lacking. To identify potential oncogenic drivers and targetable pathways in ONBs, we characterized 20 ONBs, including archived ONBs profiled by targeted, multiplexed PCR (mxPCR)–based DNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the coding sequence of over 400 cancer-relevant genes (n = 16), mxPCR-based RNA NGS of 108 target genes (n = 15), and 2 ONBs profiled by comprehensive hybrid-capture–based clinical grade NGS of &gt;1,500 genes. Somatic mutations were infrequent in our cohort, with 7 prioritized nonsynonymous mutations in 5 of 18 (28%) ONBs, and no genes were recurrently mutated. We detected arm/chromosome-level copy-number alterations in all tumors, most frequently gains involving all or part of chromosome 20, chromosome 5, and chromosome 11. Recurrent focal amplifications, often but not exclusively in the context of arm-level gains, included CCND1 [n = 4/18 (22%) tumors] and the targetable receptor tyrosine kinase FGFR3 [n = 5/18 (28%) tumors]. Targeted RNA NGS confirmed high expression of FGFR3 in ONB (at levels equivalent to bladder cancer), with the highest expression observed in FGFR3-amplified ONB cases. Importantly, our findings suggest that FGFR3 may be a therapeutic target in a subset of these aggressive tumors.
Implications: ONBs harbor recurrent chromosomal copy-number changes, including FGFR3 amplification associated with overexpression. Hence, FGFR3 may represent a novel therapeutic target in these tumors. Mol Cancer Res; 15(11); 1551–7. ©2017 AACR.
What You See Is What You Remember: Visual Chunking by Temporal Integration Enhances Working Memory
Authors: Akyürek Elkan G. , Kappelmann Nils , Volkert Marc , van Rijn Hedderik 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Human memory benefits from information clustering, which can be accomplished by chunking. Chunking typically relies on expertise and strategy, and it is unknown whether perceptual clustering over time, through temporal integration, can also enhance working memory. The current study examined the attentional and working memory costs of temporal integration of successive target stimulus pairs embedded in rapid serial visual presentation. ERPs were measured as a function of behavioral reports: One target, two separate targets, or two targets reported as a single integrated target. N2pc amplitude, reflecting attentional processing, depended on the actual number of successive targets. The memory-related CDA and P3 components instead depended on the perceived number of targets irrespective of their actual succession. The report of two separate targets was associated with elevated amplitude, whereas integrated as well as actual single targets exhibited lower amplitude. Temporal integration thus provided an efficient means of processing sensory input, offloading working memory so that the features of two targets were consolidated and maintained at a cost similar to that of a single target.
Psychiatric assessments in patients operated on due to lung cancer
Authors: Erol Yeliz , Çakan Alpaslan , Ergönül Ayşe Gül , Sertöz Özen , Özdil Ali , Turhan Kutsal , Çağirici Ufuk 
Published: August 2017

Background This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between preoperative and postoperative psychiatric status and postoperative complications in patients operated on due to lung cancer. Methods We prospectively enrolled 25 patients undergoing surgery with a diagnosis of lung cancer. There were 17 (68%) males, 8 (32%) females, and the mean age was 61 ± 8.9 years (range 38–81 years). Their psychiatric status was assessed using the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale II, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire C30, Perceived Family Support Scale, the combined Stress Thermometer and Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, in the preoperative period, and the Perceived Family Support, Stress Thermometer, and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire C30 at 1 month postoperatively. Results We found that 44% of patients had depression and 28% had anxiety. There was no difference between sexes in terms of anxiety ( p = 0.088), but more women had depression ( p = 0.03). Postoperative complications occurred in 5 of 18 patients with negligible anxiety scores (27.8%) and 3 (42.9%) of 7 patients with high scores, as well as 3 (21.4%) patients with negligible depression scores and 5 (45.5%) of 11 patients with high scores. Conclusions Patients selected for lung cancer surgery should be assessed preoperatively using the Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale and Stress Thermometer. Psychosocial support is recommended to improve their quality of life and reduce postoperative complications.
Functional activities and social participation after stroke in rural China: a qualitative study of barriers and facilitators
Authors: Zhang Lifang , Yan Tiebin , You Liming , Gao Yan , Li Kun , Zhang Chunbo 
Published: August 2017

Objective: To explore the perspectives of stroke survivors in China’s rural areas, particularly with respect to environmental barriers and facilitators related to their functional activity and social participation. Design: Qualitative content analysis. A cross-sectional study. Setting: In-depth interviewing in the participants’ homes. Subjects: In total, 18 community-dwelling stroke survivors in the rural areas of China. Results: The sub-themes to functional activity and social participation were restricted life-space mobility, reduced daily activities, and shrunken social networks. The main environmental facilitator was family support, which positively affected all facets of the participants’ lives, including assistance in daily living, assistance in gaining access to healthcare, and performing environmental modifications. The main barriers involved were physical barriers (toilet barriers, lack of assistive devices, barriers to getting out) and vague and complex regulations. Conclusion: Stroke survivors in rural China experienced environmental barriers mainly including physical barriers and complex regulations. The nuclear family’s support is an important environmental facilitator.
An Anatomic and Biomechanical Comparison of Bankart Repair Configurations
Authors: Judson Christopher H. , Voss Andreas , Obopilwe Elifho , Dyrna Felix , Arciero Robert A. , Shea Kevin P. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Suture anchor repair for anterior shoulder instability can be performed using a number of different repair techniques, but none has been proven superior in terms of anatomic and biomechanical properties. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to compare the anatomic footprint coverage and biomechanical characteristics of 4 different Bankart repair techniques: (1) single row with simple sutures, (2) single row with horizontal mattress sutures, (3) double row with sutures, and (4) double row with labral tape. The hypotheses were as follows: (1) double-row techniques would improve the footprint coverage and biomechanical properties compared with single-row techniques, (2) horizontal mattress sutures would increase the footprint coverage compared with simple sutures, and (3) repair techniques with labral tape and sutures would not show different biomechanical properties. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Twenty-four fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens were dissected. The native labrum was removed and the footprint marked and measured. Repair for each of the 4 groups was performed, and the uncovered footprint was measured using a 3-dimensional digitizer. The strength of the repair sites was assessed using a servohydraulic testing machine and a digital video system to record load to failure, cyclic displacement, and stiffness. Results: The double-row repair techniques with sutures and labral tape covered 73.4% and 77.0% of the footprint, respectively. These percentages were significantly higher than the footprint coverage achieved by single-row repair techniques using simple sutures (38.1%) and horizontal mattress sutures (32.8%) ( P < .001). The footprint coverage of the simple suture and horizontal mattress suture groups was not significantly different ( P = .44). There were no significant differences in load to failure, cyclic displacement, or stiffness between the single-row and double-row groups or between the simple suture and horizontal mattress suture techniques. Likewise, there was no difference in the biomechanical properties of the double-row repair techniques with sutures versus labral tape. Conclusion: Double-row repair techniques provided better coverage of the native footprint of the labrum but did not provide superior biomechanical properties compared with single-row repair techniques. There was no difference in footprint coverage or biomechanical strength between the simple suture and horizontal mattress suture repair techniques. Clinical Relevance: Although the double-row repair techniques had no difference in initial strength, they may improve healing in high-risk patients by improving the footprint coverage.
Pregnancy and myeloproliferative neoplasms : A retrospective monocentric cohort
Authors: Puyade Mathieu , Cayssials Emilie , Pierre Fabrice , Pourrat Olivier 
Published: August 2017

Background The most frequent myeloproliferative neoplasms are essential thrombocythemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia, which usually manifests with thrombocytosis. Only essential thrombocythemia is associated with morbidity during pregnancy (recurrent miscarriages, intrauterine fetal death, small for gestational age and preeclampsia). The aim of this paper is to describe outcomes of pregnancy in women with myeloproliferative neoplasms seen at a single academic institution. Methods Data were collected retrospectively from 2002 to 2015. Descriptive analyses were performed. Results Eighteen pregnancies in 13 patients and 17 births were identified. One patient had recurrent miscarriages. There were two intrauterine fetal deaths, three small for gestational age linked to vascular placenta pathology and one preeclampsia. All of these mothers harbored JAK2V617F mutation. Two out of three patients with small for gestational age developed a venous thrombosis in the two years following delivery. Conclusion Thrombocytosis associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms should be considered as a risk factor for maternal and fetal complications.
Whole-exome sequencing for RH genotyping and alloimmunization risk in children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Chou Stella T. , Flanagan Jonathan M. , Vege Sunitha , Luban Naomi L. C. , Brown R. Clark , Ware Russell E. , Westhoff Connie M. 
Published: August 2017

Key PointsWES can be applied for precise RH genotyping, detection of new or uncommon variants, and determination of RHD zygosity. An altered RH genotype is a risk factor for Rh alloimmunization in patients with sickle cell anemia.
Mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension: prediction by the 2015 European pulmonary hypertension guidelines risk stratification model
Authors: Hoeper Marius M. , Kramer Tilmann , Pan Zixuan , Eichstaedt Christina A. , Spiesshoefer Jens , Benjamin Nicola , Olsson Karen M. , Meyer Katrin , Vizza Carmine Dario , Vonk-Noordegraaf Anton , Distler Oliver , Opitz Christian , Gibbs J. Simon R. , Delcroix Marion , Ghofrani H. Ardeschir , Huscher Doerte , Pittrow David , Rosenkranz Stephan , Grünig Ekkehard 
Published: August 2017

The 2015 European pulmonary hypertension (PH) guidelines propose a risk stratification strategy for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Low-, intermediate- and high-risk strata are defined by estimated 1-year mortality risks of <5%, 5–10% and >10%, respectively. This risk assessment strategy awaits validation.We analysed data from patients with newly diagnosed PAH enrolled into COMPERA (Comparative, Prospective Registry of Newly Initiated Therapies for Pulmonary Hypertension), a European-based PH registry. An abbreviated version of the risk assessment strategy proposed by the European PH guidelines was applied, using the following variables: World Health Organization functional class, 6-min walking distance, brain natriuretic peptide or its N-terminal fragment, right atrial pressure, cardiac index and mixed venous oxygen saturation.Data from 1588 patients were analysed. Mortality rates were significantly different between the three risk strata (p<0.001 for all comparisons). In the entire patient population, the observed mortality rates 1 year after diagnosis were 2.8% in the low-risk cohort (n=196), 9.9% in the intermediate-risk cohort (n=1116) and 21.2% in the high-risk cohort (n=276). In addition, the risk assessment strategy proved valid at follow-up and in major PAH subgroups.An abbreviated version of the risk assessment strategy proposed by the current European PH guidelines provides accurate mortality estimates in patients with PAH.
Oestrogen inhibition reverses pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated metabolic defects
Authors: Chen Xinping , Austin Eric D. , Talati Megha , Fessel Joshua P. , Farber-Eger Eric H. , Brittain Evan L. , Hemnes Anna R. , Loyd James E. , West James 
Published: August 2017

Increased oestrogen is a strong epidemiological risk factor for development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients, associated with metabolic defects. In addition, oestrogens drive penetrance in mice carrying mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (BMPR2), the cause of most heritable PAH. The goal of the present study was to determine whether inhibition of oestrogens was effective in the treatment of PAH in these mice.The oestrogen inhibitors fulvestrant and anastrozole were used in a prevention and treatment paradigm in BMPR2 mutant mice, and tamoxifen was used for treatment. In addition, BMPR2 mutant mice were crossed onto oestrogen receptor (ESR)1 and ESR2 knockout backgrounds to assess receptor specificity. Haemodynamic and metabolic outcomes were measured.Oestrogen inhibition both prevented and treated PAH in BMPR2 mutant mice. This was associated with reduction in metabolic defects including oxidised lipid formation, insulin resistance and rescue of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and CD36. The effect was mediated primarily through ESR2, but partially through ESR1.Our data suggest that trials of oestrogen inhibition in human PAH are warranted, and may improve pulmonary vascular disease through amelioration of metabolic defects. Although fulvestrant and anastrozole were more effective than tamoxifen, tamoxifen may be useful in premenopausal females, because of a reduced risk of induction of menopause.
Patina in the construction of the poetic bronze image: science of materials, art and philosophy
Authors: Silva Claudia , Vélez Gabriel , Colorado Henry A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Bronze has been positioned as the medium par excellence for sculptural production bearing the aesthetic, symbolic and poetic values that have propitiated the construction of a metallurgical archetype, which has its genesis in its physicochemical, metallurgical and mechanical properties. Of these properties, the formation of the patina is the one that contributes most to the construction of its poetic image, since it is the one that, along with the form, suddenly appears before the spectators, directly affecting their perception of the work. To exemplify this, we analyze the patina of the sculpture La Piedad by Bernardo Vieco using SEM–EDX and XRD. The results show a non-protective patina that, added to the other factors of deterioration of the work, contribute to the drama of the scene that is represented, taking it from pain and impotence before the death of a loved one, to a state of hopelessness and apathy embodied in a bronze that deteriorates over time with environmental factors and neglect in the protection and conservation of the work.