bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of oestrogen receptor β improves survival and cardiac function after myocardial infarction in female and male mice
Authors: Schuster Iris , Mahmoodzadeh Shokoufeh , Dworatzek Elke , Jaisser Frédéric , Messaoudi Smail , Morano Ingo , Regitz-Zagrosek Vera 
Published: November 2015

ERβ (oestrogen receptor β) activation has been shown to be cardioprotective, but the cell types and mechanisms involved are not understood. To investigate whether ERβ restricted to cardiomyocytes contributes to the observed cardioprotection, we tested the effects of cardiomyocyte-specific ERβ-OE (ERβ overexpression) on survival, cardiac remodelling and function after MI (myocardial infarction) and studied the molecular pathways potentially involved. Female and male mice with cardiomyocyte-specific ERβ-OE and WT (wild-type) littermates were subjected to chronic anterior coronary artery ligation or sham surgery. Two weeks after MI, ERβ-OE mice showed improved survival (100% and 83% compared with 76% and 58% in WT females and males respectively). ERβ-OE was associated with attenuated LV (left ventricular) dilatation, smaller increase in heart weight, less lung congestion at similar MI size, and improved systolic and diastolic function in both sexes. We identified two potential pathways for ERβ-mediated myocardial protection. First, male and female ERβ-OE mice had a lower reduction of SERCA2a (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a) expression after MI, suggesting less reduction in diastolic Ca2+-reuptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum post-MI. Secondly, male ERβ-OE revealed attenuated cardiac fibrosis in the remote LV tissue and expression of fibrosis markers collagen I and III, periostin and miR-21. Cardiomyocyte-specific ERβ-OE improved survival associated with reduced maladaptive remodelling, improved cardiac function and less heart failure development after MI in both sexes. These effects seem to be related, at least in part, to a better maintenance of Ca2+ cycling in both sexes and a lower induction of cardiac fibrosis in males after MI.
Bilateral Idiopathic Adrenal Hyperplasia: Genetics and
Beyond
Authors: Fernandes-Rosa F. , Boulkroun S. , Jeunemaitre X. , Zennaro M.-C. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBilateral adrenal hyperplasia currently accounts for up to 2 thirds of cases of
primary aldosteronism. As such, it represents a major opportunity for targeted
medical management as opposed to unilateral surgically correctable forms of the
disease. Although the majority of cases of primary aldosteronism are sporadic,
bilateral adrenal hyperplasia may occur in the context of familial
hyperaldosteronism where it is associated with specific germline mutations. Over
the past 5 years, impressive progress has been made in our understanding of the
genetic basis underlying primary aldosteronism, allowing us to identify and
characterize new familial forms of the disease and to understand the mechanisms
involved in the formation of aldosterone producing adenoma. In contrast, our
knowledge of the genetic contribution to the development of bilateral adrenal
hyperplasia, and in a larger context, to renin and aldosterone levels in the
general population, is still poor. This review summarizes our current knowledge
on the genetics of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and addresses some open
questions to be addressed by future research. In particular, genome-wide
association studies in large populations may provide clues to understanding the
genetic susceptibility underlying the development of primary aldosteronism.
Correlation and Reliability of Cervical Sagittal Alignment Parameters between Lateral Cervical Radiograph and Lateral Whole-Body EOS Stereoradiograph
Authors: Singhatanadgige Weerasak , Kang Daniel G. , Luksanapruksa Panya , Peters Colleen , Riew K. Daniel 
Published: November 2015

Study Design Retrospective analysis. Objective To evaluate the correlation and reliability of cervical sagittal alignment parameters obtained from lateral cervical radiographs (XRs) compared with lateral whole-body stereoradiographs (SRs). Methods We evaluated adults with cervical deformity using both lateral XRs and lateral SRs obtained within 1 week of each other between 2010 and 2014. XR and SR images were measured by two independent spine surgeons using the following sagittal alignment parameters: C2–C7 sagittal Cobb angle (SCA), C2–C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), C1–C7 translational distance (C1–7), T1 slope (T1-S), neck tilt (NT), and thoracic inlet angle (TIA). Pearson correlation and paired t test were used for statistical analysis, with intra- and interrater reliability analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results A total of 35 patients were included in the study. We found excellent intrarater reliability for all sagittal alignment parameters in both the XR and SR groups with ICC ranging from 0.799 to 0.994 for XR and 0.791 to 0.995 for SR. Interrater reliability was also excellent for all parameters except NT and TIA, which had fair reliability. We also found excellent correlations between XR and SR measurements for most sagittal alignment parameters; SCA, SVA, and C1–C7 had r > 0.90, and only NT had r < 0.70. There was a significant difference between groups, with SR having lower measurements compared with XR for both SVA (0.68 cm lower, p < 0.001) and C1–C7 (1.02 cm lower, p < 0.001). There were no differences between groups for SCA, T1-S, NT, and TIA. Conclusion Whole-body stereoradiography appears to be a viable alternative for measuring cervical sagittal alignment parameters compared with standard radiography. XR and SR demonstrated excellent correlation for most sagittal alignment parameters except NT. However, SR had significantly lower average SVA and C1–C7 measurements than XR. The lower radiation exposure using single SR has to be weighed against its higher cost compared with XR.
DNA polymerases δ and λ cooperate in repairing double-strand breaks by microhomology-mediated end-joining in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Meyer Damon , Fu Becky Xu Hua , Heyer Wolf-Dietrich 
Published: November 2015

Significance
The human genome contains many segments of short repetitive DNA, known as microhomologies, which are potential sites for the types of rearrangements found in many different types of cancer. Therefore, understanding how microhomologies within DNA can initiate chromosome rearrangements and the genes involved in promoting this process is critical in understanding cancer development. We examined the repair efficiency of DNA containing microhomologies and found a positive correlation between microhomology length and quality with repair efficiency. Furthermore, our work directly implicates the major DNA replication and repair polymerase, DNA polymerase δ, in repair of DNA damage using microhomologies, which act in conjunction with DNA polymerase λ. Our data suggest a two-polymerase model for microhomology-mediated end-joining.
Influence of Circle Hook Size on Catch Rate and Size of Red Grouper in Shallow Waters of the Southern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Brulé Thierry , Montero-Muñoz Jorge , Morales-López Natalia , Mena-Loria Andy 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
High rates of undersized catch and discard mortality are common in fisheries for Red Grouper Epinephelus morio in the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean. Reducing undersized catch rate in these fisheries requires more effective regulation of the minimum size limit (MSL). One potential method is to regulate hook selectivity for target species. Three circle hook sizes (11/0, 12/0, and 13/0) were tested to assess the effect of hook size on Red Grouper catch rate and size in the shallow waters of the Yucatan Peninsula coast, which is the primary fishing zone for the region's small-scale grouper (family Epinephelidae) fishery. Red Grouper was always the numerically dominant species in catches (76–81%) for all hook sizes. Hook size did not affect mean catch rate. Significantly longer fish were caught in the 13/0 hook size treatment than in the 11/0 and 12/0 treatments, which did not differ. Nonetheless, when considering the MSL regulation applicable in Mexico's Red Grouper fishery (36.3 cm TL), high percentages of undersized Red Grouper were still caught, regardless of hook size. The hook sizes required in the Yucatan small-scale fishery (10/0–12/0) provide little if any improvement in Red Grouper MSL regulation. Real improvement would require the effective release of undersized fish as well as a reduction in the number of undersized specimens caught and in potential cryptic sources of fish release mortality (e.g., barometric trauma). Furthermore, the current applicable Red Grouper MSL only really attempts to control growth overfishing and ignores recruitment overfishing.
Received December 22, 2014; accepted September 3, 2015
Comparison of air kerma area product and air kerma meter calibrations for X-ray radiation qualities used in diagnostic radiology
Authors: Hourdakis C J , Csete I , Daures J , Jarvinen H , Mihailescu L-C , Sochor V , Novak L , Pedersen M , Kosunen A , Toroi P , Denoziere M , Büermann L , Megzifene A , Einarsson G , Ferrari P , dePooter J , Bjerke H , Brodecki M , Cardoso J , Bercea S , Ciraj-Bjelac O , Compel J , Glavič-Cindro D , Ginjaume M , Persson L , Grindborg J -E 
Published: November 2015

The EURAMET #1177 project, identified as EURAMET RI(I) - S9 comparison, was the first EURAMET wide scale supplementary comparison in the field of diagnostic radiology for air kerma area product, PKA, and air kerma, K. It was conducted with the goal of testing the measurement and calibration capabilities for PKA and K, as well as of supporting the relevant CMCs of the participating laboratories.
Two commercial KAP meters and an ionization chamber were selected as transfer instruments and circulated between the 22 European participants. The measurements were performed from April 2011 until July 2012.
The stability and the performance of the transfer instruments were tested by the pilot laboratory (IRCL/GAEC-EIM) and few other laboratories as well. The test results revealed that the energy (radiation quality), Q, irradiation area, A, and air kerma rate, K̇ dependences of response of the transfer KAP meters influence the comparison of the results when different measurement conditions were pertained and therefore, appropriate correction factors were obtained and applied to the reported calibration results of the laboratories, when necessary.
The comparison reference values (CRVs) for each instrument were determined as the weighted mean of the calibration coefficients of the three participating primary laboratories. The relative standard uncertainty of the CRVs were in the range of (0.4 - 1.6)% depending on the transfer instruments and beam qualities. The comparison result as the ratio of the corrected calibration coefficient of participant and the respective CRV, and its uncertainty were calculated for all beam qualities and transfer instruments. The informative degrees of equivalence (DoE) were calculated for the refrence RQR 5 beam quality. In case of air kema area product measurements the results for the RADCAL PDC KAP meter were used.
The 216 KAP meter calibration results of the two different transfer instruments in terms of air kerma area product were consistent within 5% except 40 results of 8 participants.
The 103 air kerma calibration results were consistent within 1.7%, except 10 results of 4 participants.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Synchronized navigation and comparative analyses across Ensembl complete bacterial genomes with INSYGHT
Authors: Lacroix Thomas , Thérond Sylvie , Rugeri Marc , Nicolas Pierre , Gendrault Annie , Loux Valentin , Gibrat Jean-François 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Motivation: High-throughput sequencing technologies provide access to an increasing number of bacterial genomes. Today, many analyses involve the comparison of biological properties among many strains of a given species, or among species of a particular genus. Tools that can help the microbiologist with these tasks become increasingly important.
Results: Insyght is a comparative visualization tool whose core features combine a synchronized navigation across genomic data of multiple organisms with a versatile interoperability between complementary views. In this work, we have greatly increased the scope of the Insyght public dataset by including 2688 complete bacterial genomes available in Ensembl thus vastly improving its phylogenetic coverage. We also report the development of a virtual machine that allows users to easily set up and customize their own local Insyght server.
Availability and implementation: http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/Insyght
Contact: Thomas.Lacroix@jouy.inra.fr
Photometry of very bright stars with Kepler and K2 smear data
Authors: Pope B. J. S. , White T. R. , Huber D. , Murphy S. J. , Bedding T. R. , Caldwell D. A. , Sarai A. , Aigrain S. , Barclay T. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
High-precision time series photometry with the Kepler satellite has been crucial to our understanding both of exoplanets, and via asteroseismology, of stellar physics. After the failure of two reaction wheels, the Kepler satellite has been repurposed as Kepler-2 (K2), observing fields close to the ecliptic plane. As these fields contain many more bright stars than the original Kepler field, K2 provides an unprecedented opportunity to study nearby objects amenable to detailed follow-up with ground-based instruments. Due to bandwidth constraints, only a small fraction of pixels can be downloaded, with the result that most bright stars which saturate the detector are not observed. We show that engineering data acquired for photometric calibration, consisting of collateral ‘smear’ measurements, can be used to reconstruct light curves for bright targets not otherwise observable with Kepler/K2. Here we present some examples from Kepler Quarter 6 and K2 Campaign 3, including the δ Scuti variables HD 178875 and 70 Aqr, and the red giant HR 8500 displaying solar-like oscillations. We compare aperture and smear photometry where possible, and also study targets not previously observed. These encouraging results suggest this new method can be applied to most Kepler and K2 fields.
Substantial DNA methylation differences between two major neuronal subtypes in human brain
Authors: Kozlenkov Alexey , Wang Minghui , Roussos Panos , Rudchenko Sergei , Barbu Mihaela , Bibikova Marina , Klotzle Brandy , Dwork Andrew J , Zhang Bin , Hurd Yasmin L , Koonin Eugene V , Wegner Michael , Dracheva Stella 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The brain is built from a large number of cell types which have been historically classified using location, morphology and molecular markers. Recent research suggests an important role of epigenetics in shaping and maintaining cell identity in the brain. To elucidate the role of DNA methylation in neuronal differentiation, we developed a new protocol for separation of nuclei from the two major populations of human prefrontal cortex neurons—GABAergic interneurons and glutamatergic (GLU) projection neurons. Major differences between the neuronal subtypes were revealed in CpG, non-CpG and hydroxymethylation (hCpG). A dramatically greater number of undermethylated CpG sites in GLU versus GABA neurons were identified. These differences did not directly translate into differences in gene expression and did not stem from the differences in hCpG methylation, as more hCpG methylation was detected in GLU versus GABA neurons. Notably, a comparable number of undermethylated non-CpG sites were identified in GLU and GABA neurons, and non-CpG methylation was a better predictor of subtype-specific gene expression compared to CpG methylation. Regions that are differentially methylated in GABA and GLU neurons were significantly enriched for schizophrenia risk loci. Collectively, our findings suggest that functional differences between neuronal subtypes are linked to their epigenetic specification.
Serum Autotaxin Activity Correlates With Pruritus in Pediatric Cholestatic Disorders
Authors: Kremer Andreas E. , Gonzales Emmanuel , Schaap Frank G. , Oude Elferink Ronald P.J. , Jacquemin Emmanuel , Beuers Ulrich 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTObjective:Pruritus is a common symptom of cholestatic liver disorders. The present study aimed at evaluating autotaxin (ATX), a lysophospholipase recently identified as potential cause for cholestatic pruritus, in pediatric cholestatic diseases presenting with or without itching.Methods:A cohort of 45 children consisting of 14 patients experiencing itching (Alagille syndrome [n = 10], complete extrahepatic biliary atresia [n = 2], neonatal sclerosing cholangitis (n = 1), progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 [n = 1]), 9 patients with bile acid synthesis defects (3β‐hydroxy‐C27‐steroid‐oxidoreductase [n = 7] and Δ4–3‐oxosteroid‐5β‐reductase deficiency [n = 2]), and 22 healthy children were studied. Serum ATX activity and total serum bile salt were determined enzymatically, ATX protein content was semiquantified by Western blotting. Using real‐time polymerase chain reaction, ATX mRNA expression was studied in HepG2 cells treated with farnesoid‐X‐receptor agonists or vehicle.Results:Serum ATX activity was increased in pruritic children with Alagille and other cholestatic syndromes (mean ± standard deviation: 16.1 ± 4.3 nmol · mL−1 · min−1) compared with children with nonpruritic cholestatic diseases with bile acid synthesis defects (10.4 ± 4.7 nmol · mL−1 · min−1; P < 0.01) and healthy controls (7.6 ± 2.3 nmol · mL−1 · min−1; P < 0.001). ATX protein levels closely correlated with serum ATX activity. Serum ATX activity and total serum bile salt showed a linear correlation with itch intensity (r = 0.66, P < 0.001 and r = 0.80, P < 0.001, respectively). No correlation was observed between ATX activity and bilirubin. ATX mRNA expression in HepG2 cells was not induced by farnesoid‐X‐receptor ligands.Conclusions:Serum ATX activity correlated with itch intensity in children with cholestatic diseases. Bile salts did not increase ATX expression in vitro. ATX inhibitors may be useful antipruritic agents in pediatric cholestatic disorders.
MocDoc.in: Choreographing online healthcare kingdom
Authors: Puri Roma 
Published: November 2015

Subject area
Marketing, Innovation, Strategy, Digital Marketing and E-Business.

Study level/applicability
Master's level and Executive Program.

Case overview
MocDoc is a young Indian online health-care company that has achieved success in early years of establishment, and is looking forward to expand the customer base. The founder, Senthil Peelikkampatti, along with his friends decided to design a service that can bridge the gap between doctor and patients. However, initially, Senthil lost the trust in his idea due to the unacceptance of the idea by health-care experts. It took a little long for the team to gain visibility after launch of the service. Senthil and the team brainstormed to gain recognition online through different techniques of search engine optimization (SEO) and social media networking through Facebook Web site. MocDoc case is designed to stimulate discussion of a broad array of entrepreneurial issues related to online start-ups. In particular, it deals with strategy and marketing of service in the online arena. At the same time, it gives detailed overview of marketing techniques online as fuel to the business. The company is moving under strong leadership skills of CEO but fails to gain momentum in terms of gaining online customers. This case deals with decision-making capabilities to bring more number of registered customers in the online space.

Expected learning outcomes
The expected learning outcomes are as follows: to animate online business environment and challenges faced by virtual enterprises in the cyber space; to illustrate opportunity for students to speculate the start-up business environment; to illustrate opportunity to introduce cloud computing as a viable business option for the health-care industry; to develop understanding among students for designing effective marketing strategy for online business; to identify business opportunities and gaining competitive edge by offering bouquet of services; and to stimulate business environment for understanding innovation and strategy building.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Unforeseen bumps on the road of entrepreneurship
Authors: Sharma Tanushree , Grover Priya 
Published: November 2015

Subject area
The case throws light on the unforeseen challenges new entrepreneurs confront. It highlights how the challenges of manpower, sales and operations are intertwined. It also put emphasis on holistic planning prior to initiating a business.

Study level/applicability
This case can be used in the introductory courses on entrepreneurship and sales and distribution for undergraduate and postgraduate students of Business Schools.

Case overview
This case revolves around the pursuit of an entrepreneur to develop and service sweetcorn vending kiosks in an Indian State. It narrates the dilemma faced by the entrepreneur when she discovered a notional loss of revenue as a result of her selecting a particular distribution channel. The entrepreneur realized that the entire range of products sold through the dealer was fetching her far less revenue in comparison to the only product she retailed herself. She also realized that the retail though paid better dividends, but also brought along host of manpower and operative issues. With the day of signing a firm contract with the dealer coming close, the entrepreneur must decide quickly her future course of action.

Expected learning outcomes
The students will be able to gain understanding of the unforeseen challenges confronted by small entrepreneurs, interconnection of various functions of business and the significance of holistic planning.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.