bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Walking the tightrope-perspectives on local politicians’ role in implementing a national social care policy on evidence-based practice
Authors: Bäck A. , Ståhl C. , von Thiele Schwarz U. , Richter A. , Hasson H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundDespite national policy recommending evidence-based practice (EBP), its application in social care has been limited. While local politicians can affect the process, little is known about their knowledge, attitudes and roles regarding EBP. The aim here is twofold: to explore the role of local politicians in the implementation of EBP in social care from both their own and a management perspective; and to examine factors politicians perceive as affecting their decisions and actions concerning the implementation of EBP policy.MethodsLocal politicians (N = 13) and managers (N = 22) in social care were interviewed. Qualitative thematic analysis with both inductive and deductive codes was used.ResultsPoliticians were rather uninformed regarding EBP and national policy. The factors limiting their actions were, beside the lack of awareness, lack of ability to question existing working methods, and a need for support in the steering of EBP. Thus, personal interest played a significant part in what role the politicians assumed. This resulted in some politicians taking a more active role in steering EBP while others were not involved. From the managers’ perspective, a more active steering by politicians was desired. Setting budget and objectives, as well as active follow-up of work processes and outcomes, were identified as means to affect the implementation of EBP. However, the politicians seemed unaware of the facilitating effects of these actions.ConclusionsLocal politicians had a possibility to facilitate the implementation of EBP, but their role was unclear. Personal interest played a big part in determining what role was taken. The results imply that social care politicians might need support in the development of their steering of EBP. Moving the responsibility for EBP facilitation upwards in the political structure could be an important step in developing EBP in social care.
A field survey on the indoor environmental quality of the UK primary school classroom
Authors: Zhang Yufan , Barrett Peter , Davies Fay , Barrett Lucinda 
Published: December 2016

The indoor environmental quality (thermal, visual, acoustic and air quality) of the primary school classroom has an impact on pupils' learning and wellbeing. A field study, conducted on random days from 2012 to 2013, was carried out in 203 classrooms from 30 primary schools in 3 areas within the UK. Physical parameters were measured at the site: illuminance, air temperature, relative humidity, CO2 concentration and noise level. It was inferred that: 30.9% classrooms did not meet the proposed standards limiting the level of CO2 levels; light levels were found to be notably low (less than 500lux) because the pedagogy was reliant on smart boards; high noise levels (between 40 to 80dBA) were caused mainly from the adjacent activity areas to the classroom. Based on the findings, practical suggestions are proposed to maximise the environmental benefit to the pupils.
Compassion and care at the end of life: oncology nurses' experiences in South-East Iran
Authors: Ghaljeh Mahnaz , Iranmanesh Sedigheh , Nayeri Nahid Dehghan , Tirgari Batool , Kalantarri Behjat 
Published: December 2016

Background: End of life (EOL) care is newly established in the Iranian context. Context, in this case, refers to the internal and external manifestation of the nurse values, norms and experiences that are learnt throughout life. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore nurses' experiences of caring for dying patients in Iran. Methods: A phenomenological hermeneutic approach, influenced by the philosophy of Ricoeur, was used to analyse 10 oncology nurses' experiences of caring for dying persons. Findings: Three themes emerged from the analysis: 1) seeing the patient as unique person, 2) being present and open to seeing patients as unique persons and 3) personal and professional development as a result of closeness between nurse and patient. Caring for dying persons means assisting them at the end of their lives. Conclusion: Caring relationships underlie professional palliative care and are essential in EOL care. Proper palliative education and professionally led supervision should be included in the Iranian nursing curriculum.
Life transitions of adolescents and young adults with life-limiting conditions
Authors: Johnston Bridget , Jindal-Snape Divya , Pringle Jan 
Published: December 2016

Aims:A systematic review was conducted to appraise and classify evidence related to the life transitions of adolescents and young adults with life-limiting conditions.Methods:The databases searched were MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, CancerLit, and AMED. Methodological quality was assessed using an established tool and the final articles included in the study were rated as moderate to high quality. Articles were then assessed based on the insight that they provided into life transitions for adolescents and young adults.Results:Eighteen studies were included in the final review, with two major life transitions identified as pertinent: ‘illness transition’ and ‘developmental transition’. These concurrent transitions were found to be relevant to adolescents and young adults with life-limiting conditions, generating complex needs. Sub-themes within the transitions were also identified. Furthermore, the illness transition was found to also impact significant others, namely family members, having physical, mental and emotional health implications and requiring them to make adaptations.Conclusions:Future research is needed to focus on adolescent and young adult perspectives to bring further insight into these key transitions, since such perspectives are currently underrepresented. Attention to the impact of the illness on the whole family would be useful to expand findings from this review.
Risk factors that affect metabolic health status in obese children
Authors: Elmaogullari Selin , Demirel Fatma , Hatipoglu Nihal 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackground:While some obese children are metabolically healthy (MHO), some have additional health problems, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hepatosteatosis, which increase mortality and morbidity related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) during adulthood. These children are metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) children. In this study we assessed the factors that affect metabolic health in obesity and the clinical and laboratory findings that distinguish between MHO and MUO children.Methods:In total, 1085 patients aged 6–18 years, with age- and sex-matched BMI exceeding the 95th percentile were included in the study (mean 11.1±2.9 years, 57.6% female, 59.7% pubertal). Patients without dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hepatosteatosis, or hypertension were considered as MHO. Dyslipidemia was defined as total cholesterol level over 200 mg/dL, triglyceride over 150 mg/dL, LDL over 130 mg/dL, or HDL under 40 mg/dL. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model of assesment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Hepatosteatosis was evaluated with abdominal ultrasound. Duration of obesity, physical activity and nutritional habits, screen time, and parental obesity were questioned. Thyroid and liver function tests were performed.Results:Six hundred and forty-two cases (59.2%) were MUO. Older age, male sex, increased BMI-SDS, and sedentary lifestyle were associated with MUO. Excessive junk food consumption was associated with MUO particularly among the prepubertal obese patients.Conclusions:Our results revealed that the most important factors that affect metabolic health in obesity are age and BMI. Positive effects of an active lifestyle and healthy eating habits are prominent in the prepubertal period and these habits should be formed earlier in life.
THE EFFECTS OF DISTRACTION ON SYMPTOMS DURING DRUG PROVOCATION TEST
Authors: Cildag Songul , Senturk Taskin , Sargin Gokhan 
Published: December 2016

Background. Some patients may have psychosomatic complaints due to their previous experiences during the drug hypersensitivity reaction. Worry about being hurt due to an administered drug is termed nocebo effect, which is the opposite of the placebo effect. In our study, we investigated the effect of distraction on symptoms during drug provocation test.Methods. Our study included 112 patients who underwent DPTs for alternative purposes in our clinic. Previous hypersensitivity reactions of all the patients had objective signs. Patients were divided into two groups for the DPT. Sixty-three patients were kept busy during the test, performing tasks such as filling questionnaires, arranging files in alphabetical and numerical order, and doing archiving (Group 1). Forty-nine patients did not perform any tasks during the test (Group 2). Reactions that occurred during the test were recorded. Results. During the DPT, 5 patients in Group 1 (5/63, 7.9%) and 17 patients in Group 2 (17/49, 34.7%), i.e. a total of 22 patients (22/112, 19.6%), had a reaction. There was a statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 according to the frequency of the reaction development.Conclusions. Patient psychosomatic complaints during DPTs are proportional to their association with previous allergic reactions. In order to prevent such reactions, it may be beneficial to keep the patients busy with an activity in order to distract them during the test.
Child Maltreatment and Adult Living Standards at 50 Years
Authors: Pinto Pereira Snehal M. , Li Leah , Power Chris 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Child maltreatment (abuse and neglect) has established effects on mental health. Less is known about its influence on adult economic circumstances. We aimed to establish associations of child maltreatment with such outcomes and explore potential pathways.

METHODS:
We used 1958 British birth cohort data (N = 8076) to examine associations of child neglect and abuse with adult (50 years) long-term sickness absence, not in employment, education or training (NEET), lacking assets, income-related support, poor qualifications, financial insecurity, manual social class, and social mobility. We assessed mediation of associations by 16-year cognition and mental health.

RESULTS:
Abuse prevalence varied from 1% (sexual) to 10% (psychological); 16% were neglected. A total of 21% experienced 1 maltreatment type, 10% experienced ≥2 types. Sexual and nonsexual abuse were associated with several outcomes; eg, for sexual abuse, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of income-related support was 1.75 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12–2.72). Associations were little affected by potential mediating factors. Neglect was associated with several adult outcomes (eg, aOR of NEET was 1.43 [95% CI, 1.10–1.85]) and associations were mediated by cognition and mental health (primarily by cognition): percent explained varied between 4% (NEET) to 70% (poor qualifications). In general, the risk of poor outcome increased by number of maltreatment types (eg, aOR for long-term sickness absence increased from 1.0 [reference] to 1.76 [95% CI, 1.32–2.35] to 2.69 [95% CI, 1.96–3.68], respectively, for 0, 1, and ≥2 types of maltreatment.

CONCLUSIONS:
Childhood maltreatment is associated with poor midadulthood socioeconomic outcomes, with accumulating risk for those experiencing multiple types of maltreatment. Cognitive ability and mental health are implicated in the pathway to outcome for neglect but not abuse.
Muriel Laurent, Rubén Egea y Alberto Vega. El antagonista. Una historia de contrabando y color. Novela gráfica.
Authors: Rivadeneira Velásquez Ricardo G. 
Published: December 2016

Este libro constituye un acierto importante, en cuanto reconstruye gráficamente un caso histórico ubicado en los fondos del Archivo General de la Nación en Colombia. A lo largo de más de cien páginas, la profesora Muriel Laurent y su equipo de dibujantes proponen un recorrido muy interesante y entretenido por los aconteceres y avatares vividos por burócratas y contrabandistas en inmediaciones del Río Magdalena. Esta obra hace parte del dispositivo que busca la difusión de la investigación que la profesora Laurent viene trabajando hace varios años y que tiene en el libro Contrabando en Colombia en el siglo XIX. Prácticas y discursos de resistencia y reproducción su principal exponente.
Identification of natural fractures using resistive image logs, fractal dimension and support vector machines
Authors: Leal Jorge Alberto , Ochoa Luis Hernán , García Jerson Andres 
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this research is to apply a new approach to identify natural fractures in wells in a hydrocarbon reservoir using resistive image logs, fractal dimension and support vector machines (SVMs). The stratigraphic sequence investigated by each well is composed of Cretaceous calcareous rocks from the Catatumbo Basin, Colombia. The box counting method was applied to image logs in order to generate a curve representing variations of fractal dimension in these images throughout each well. The arithmetic mean of fractal dimension showed values ranging from 1,70 to 1,72 at the mineralized fracture intervals, and from 1,72 to 1,76 at the open fracture intervals. Morphological classification between open and mineralized natural fractures is performed using corelogs integration in a pilot well. Fractal dimension of images along with gamma rays and resistivity logs were employed as the input dataset of a SVM model identifying intervals with natural open fractures automatically, shortly after logs acquisition and previous to its interpretation by specialists. Although final results were affected by borehole conditions and logs quality, the SVM model showedaccuracy between 72,3% and 82,2% in 5 wells evaluated in the studied field.
Agrostis lenis (Poaceae: Pooideae: Poeae): rediscovery of a rare and presumably extinct species in São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Rodrigo Sampaio , Filgueiras Tarciso De Sousa 
Published: December 2016

The grass Agrostis lenis Roseng., Arrill. & Izag., a presumably extinct species in São Paulo state, was recollected in that state after a gap of 89 years. This species is considered rare and threatened in São Paulo. Notes on its distribution in Southeastern Brazil, images and a short description are given.
Frequency response of a beam-like structure to moving harmonic forces
Authors: Khiem Nguyen Tien , Hang Phi Thi 
Published: December 2016

The spectral approach is employed for spectral analysis of a beam subjected to an arbitrary force traveling along the beam with constant speed. First, an expression for exact frequency response of a beam subjected to moving arbitrary force and general boundary conditions has been constructed. The obtained frequency domain response allows straightforwardly exhibiting response vibration components governed by different frequencies such as the natural, loading and driving ones and their interaction. This provides also alternative insight to the cancellation of response at natural frequency. The theoretical development is illustrated and validated by numerical examination on a simply supported beam under moving harmonic forces.
Russiske energiressurser i Arktis: økonomi og politikk
Authors: Larssen Ann Karin 
Published: December 2016

Abstract: Russian Energy Resources in the Arctic: Economy and Policy
This article examines the economic and political importance of Russia’s energy resources. Economic dependence is confirmed, but political decisions made since the turn of this century have made Russia less vulnerable to outside economic and political pressures. Due to the sharp fall in oil prices, and recent international sanctions, the authorities will give priority to enhanced oil recovery from older fields in Western Siberia and the opening of new fields in the area, with Russia remaining onshore in the Arctic. Finally, as to military and economic relations between Russia and Norway in the Arctic, the article finds that military tensions are increasing, while pragmatism prevails in economic relations.
(Published: December 2016)
Citation: Ann Karin Larssen (2016) «Russiske energiressurser i Arktis: økonomi og politikk». Nordisk Østforum 30 [4] 238–259. http://dx.doi.org/10.17585/nof.v30.521
Our experience with progressive perineal urethroplasty and anastomotic urethroplasty in post-traumatic urethral strictures in pediatric patients
Authors: Savalia Abhishek Jaysukh , Pawar Prakash W. , Sawant Ajit S. , Tamhankar Ashwin , Patil Sunil R. , Kasat Gaurav 
Published: December 2016

Background: Confined perineum and elevated prostate and bladder in children make management of post-traumatic stricture in children technically difficult.Methods: A retrospective study of patients from 2007 till September 2016 was conducted. 15 pediatric patients with a mean age of 7.3 years presented with post traumatic urethral stricture or distraction defect. 11 patients had pelvic fracture urethral distraction defect (PFUDD) and underwent PPU. Four had bulbar stricture caused by straddle injury and underwent EEU. Post operatively patients were evaluated using uroflowmetry at 3, 6 and 12 months. Maximum velocity of less than 10 ml/s and symptoms of straining was considered as recurrence and such cases were evaluated further with MCU, RGU and cystoscopy.Results: Mean stricture length was of 2.3 cm and was at bulbo-membranous junction in 11 and in proximal bulbar urethra in 4. Of the 11 PPUs, crural separation was done in nine and inferior pubectomy in six patients. Transpubic approach was required in one patient. Gracilis flap was placed in one patient as an onlay over anastomotic urethroplasty. Of the 11 PPUs, 2 patients and 1 of 4 EEU patients had recurrence. All recurrent strictures were <1.5 cm long and at the site of the anastomosis. Two patients were managed with anastomotic urethroplasty. The remaining one patient could be managed with laser visual internal urethrotomy.Conclusions: PPU and EEU are treatment of choice in paediatric patients with PFUDD and proximal bulbar strictures respectively. Both are technically feasible, have good outcome and have an acceptable morbidity.
Generating Evidence Through Practice-based Equine Health Surveillance
Authors: Allen Sarah , Brodbelt Dave , Slater Josh , Verheyen Kristien 
Published: December 2016

<p>Evidence-based veterinary medicine (EBVM) is the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of the current best evidence, when making decisions about the individual patient. Despite being shown to improve patient outcomes, the application of EBVM in equine practice remains seriously hampered by the lack of reliable data, even for the most common conditions.</p><p><span>This poster won second place, which was presented at the Veterinary Evidence Today conference, Edinburgh November 1-3, 2016. </span></p><p>Find out more about <a href="http://www.rvc.ac.uk/about/our-people/sarah-allen" target="_blank">Sarah</a>.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" />
Les messiles, groupe ampélographique du bassin de la Loire
Authors: Bisson Jean 
Published: December 2016

<p style="text-align: justify;">La méthode des groupes écologico-géographiques de LEVADOUX ou sortotypes de NEGRUL permet un classement ordonné des cépages.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Pour la France, le travail n 'a pas été achevé et des lacunes persistent toujours. L'une d'entre elles semble pouvoir être comblée avec le groupe des Messiles spécifiquement attaché à la moyenne et basse vallée de la Loire et comprenant principalement les Mesliers, les Chenins et le Sauvignon. Ces cépages présentent, en effet, d'évidentes parentés anatomiques, ampélométriques, génétiques voire technologiques.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Le travail s'efforce d'appliquer à nouveau une théorie qui parait n'avoir rien perdu de son intérêt.</p>
Effects of defoliation and water restriction on total phenols and antioxidant activities in grapes during ripening
Authors: Garrido Inmaculada , Llerena José Luis , Valdés María Esperanza , Mancha Luis Alberto , Uriarte David , Prieto Maria Del Henar , Espinosa Francisco 
Published: December 2016

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aim</strong>: To compare the effect of water restriction and defoliation on the phenol contents and oxidant and antioxidant activities of Tempranillo grapes grown in the region of Extremadura, Spain.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The results showed that at harvest, the water restriction treatment altered total foliar area, pH, and total soluble solid (TSS) and phenol contents but not polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. By contrast, the defoliation treatment did not affect TSS and pH, however, titratable acidity and phenol compounds were enhanced and PPO and SOD activities were decreased. Moreover, defoliation resulted in advanced grape ripening and reduced total foliar area. </p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: At harvest, water restriction led to alterations in the levels of peroxidation and peroxidase (POX) activity, without any effect on the other parameters. Defoliation induced a lowering of PPO and SOD activities and an increase in phenol content.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: Given the environmental characteristics of the Extremadura region, defoliation may be suitable and efficient for regulating Tempranillo grape PPO activity, which is œnologically relevant since it could lead to lower levels of phenol oxidation and hence prevent wine discolouration.</p>
ANALISIS EFISIENSI DISTRIBUSI PADA PENJUALAN PRODUK OLAHAN BUAH DAN SAYURAN DENGAN METODE DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA)
Authors: Maulidah Silvana 
Published: December 2016

<pre>Industrial agro requires efficient marketing distribution making it easier for consumers to get their products and can optimize the benefits to achieve a large market share. The purposes from this research is to identify the distributional channel toward fruit and vegetable processing product sale, to analyze the efficient rate on fruit and vegetable processing product, and to formulate the distributional efficiency rate improvement strategy which is not efficient using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is done by WDEA (Warwick DEA) Software. Limitations in the efficiency measurement in this study is the input and output variables. Input variables include the number of retailers, delivery volume, and distribution costs. Variable output includes the volume of sales, revenue and profits. The result of distributinal efficiency analysis toward fruit and vegetables processing product selling namely: (1) used are zero-rate and one rate distributional channeling. (2) There are 8 distributional channeling which is efficient includes in Malang, Batu, Kediri, Tuban, Magelang, Jombang, Lumajang and Surabaya. Meanwhile 7 distributional channeling area which is not efficient are Blitar, Banyuwangi, Bojonegoro, Trenggalek, Lamongan, Ponorogo, and Mojokerto. (3) Improvement strategy toward distributional channeling area which is not efficient are explained below: (a) decrease the sending volume according to the efficiency target; (b) increase the selling volume based on the efficiency target in order not to get heaping on product so it can give advantage for industrial agro; and (c) add the total amount of retailer toward distributional area which is not efficient.</pre>