bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vein wrapping facilitates basic fibroblast growth factor‐induced heme oxygenase‐1 expression following chronic nerve constriction injury
Authors: Hirosawa Naoya , Uchida Kentaro , Kuniyoshi Kazuki , Murakami Kenichi , Inoue Gen , Miyagi Masayuki , Matsuura Yusuke , Orita Sumihisa , Inage Kazuhide , Suzuki Takane , Takaso Masashi , Ohtori Seiji 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThe clinical efficacy of autologous vein wrapping for recurrent compressive neuropathy has been demonstrated; however, the underlying mechanisms of this technique remain unclear. Rats were divided into chronic constriction injury (CCI) and CCI + vein wrapping (CCI + VW) groups. Mechanical allodynia was evaluated using von Frey filaments. To identify the neuroprotective factors released from veins, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA expression in veins was compared to that in the sciatic nerve. The response of heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) expression to vein wrapping was evaluated by RT‐PCR and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The effects of exogenous bFGF on HO‐1 expression were evaluated using a sciatic nerve cell culture. Vein wrapping significantly increased the withdraw threshold levels compared to the untreated CCI group. bFGF mRNA expression in veins was higher than that in untreated sciatic nerves. HO‐1 mRNA expression was induced at higher levels in sciatic nerve cells in the presence of exogenous bFGF compared to untreated control cells. HO‐1 mRNA and protein expression in the sciatic nerve were also higher in the CCI + VW group compared with the CCI group. Our results suggest that vein‐derived bFGF contributes to the therapeutic benefit of vein wrapping through the induction of HO‐1 in the sciatic nerve. Vein wrapping is a useful technique for reducing neuropathic pain. Further understanding of the neurotrophic factors released from veins may help to optimize current procedures for treating recurrent compressive neuropathy and traumatic peripheral nerve injury, and lead to the development of new therapeutic methods using recombinant neurotrophic factors. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:898–905, 2018.
Application of biopolymers for improving the glass transition temperature of hairtail fish meat
Authors: Yu Haixia , Yang Shuibing , Yuan Chunhong , Hu Qinglan , Li Yuan , Chen Shiguo , Hu Yaqin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlass transition temperature (Tg) and food moisture content are closely related, especially in foods with a high moisture content, such as surimi products. In order to improve storage condition and maintain food quality, the influence of six biopolymers on the Tg of hairtail fish meat paste was investigated by differential scanning colorimetry.RESULTSSamples were stored at −8 °C (>Tg), −14 °C (Tg) and −18 °C (<Tg) for 105 days. The results showed that trehalose, maltodextrin and xanthan could obviously improve the Tg of the hairtail fish meat paste. Trehalose at 4.1% (w/w), maltodextrin at 5.0% and xanthan at 0.41% were determined as the optimum amounts, with the predicted value of Tg to be −14.1 °C. The total viable counts (TVC) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N) of samples stored at −14 and −18 °C were much lower and the gel strength and whiteness maintained much better than those of −8 °C.CONCLUSIONAddition of biopolymers could effectively restrain the increase in TVC and TVB‐N, as well as the dropping of gel strength and whiteness of fish meat paste during storage. A mixture of the biopolymers could improve Tg and showed great potential in the preservation of hairtail meat products. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Tourism and poverty alleviation: An empirical analysis using panel data on Peru's departments
Authors: Llorca‐Rodríguez Carmen María , Casas‐Jurado Amalia Cristina , García‐Fernández Rosa María 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper analyses the impact of tourism on total and extreme monetary poverty, in order to illuminate the debate surrounding the links between tourism and poverty. We apply fixed effects models to panel data on the Peruvian departments for the period 2001–2013. We also identify the key factors in the tourism model affecting the empirical results. Our findings show that tourism is important for the poor, but its benefits do not reach the extreme poor to the same extent, and its potential is not fully exploited. The weak macroenvironment and low community participation impede poverty reduction through tourism.
Preliminary Experience Using Eye‐Tracking Technology to Differentiate Novice and Expert Image Interpretation for Ultrasound‐Guided Regional Anesthesia
Authors: Borg Lindsay K. , Harrison T. Kyle , Kou Alex , Mariano Edward R. , Udani Ankeet D. , Kim T. Edward , Shum Cynthia , Howard Steven K. ,   ADAPT (Anesthesiology‐Directed Advanced Procedural Training) Research Group
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesObjective measures are needed to guide the novice's pathway to expertise. Within and outside medicine, eye tracking has been used for both training and assessment. We designed this study to test the hypothesis that eye tracking may differentiate novices from experts in static image interpretation for ultrasound (US)‐guided regional anesthesia.MethodsWe recruited novice anesthesiology residents and regional anesthesiology experts. Participants wore eye‐tracking glasses, were shown 5 sonograms of US‐guided regional anesthesia, and were asked a series of anatomy‐based questions related to each image while their eye movements were recorded. The answer to each question was a location on the sonogram, defined as the area of interest (AOI). The primary outcome was the total gaze time in the AOI (seconds). Secondary outcomes were the total gaze time outside the AOI (seconds), total time to answer (seconds), and time to first fixation on the AOI (seconds).ResultsFive novices and 5 experts completed the study. Although the gaze time (mean ± SD) in the AOI was not different between groups (7 ± 4 seconds for novices and 7 ± 3 seconds for experts; P = .150), the gaze time outside the AOI was greater for novices (75 ± 18 versus 44 ± 4 seconds for experts; P = .005). The total time to answer and total time to first fixation in the AOI were both shorter for experts.ConclusionsExperts in US‐guided regional anesthesia take less time to identify sonoanatomy and spend less unfocused time away from a target compared to novices. Eye tracking is a potentially useful tool to differentiate novices from experts in the domain of US image interpretation.
Prediction and Validation of DXA‐Derived Appendicular Fat‐Free Adipose Tissue by a Single Ultrasound Image of the Forearm in Japanese Older Adults
Authors: Abe Takashi , Loenneke Jeremy P. , Thiebaud Robert S. , Fujita Eiji , Akamine Takuya , Loftin Mark 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesTo develop regression‐based equations for estimating dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) derived appendicular fat‐free adipose tissue (FFAT) using a single ultrasound image in the forearm, and to investigate the validity of those equations to calculate FFAT‐free appendicular lean mass (aLM‐minus‐FFATappendicular) in 311 Japanese adults aged 60 to 79 years.MethodsSubjects were randomly separated into two groups: 215 in the model‐development group (91 men and 124 women) and 96 in the cross‐validation group (42 men and 54 women). Appendicular fat mass and aLM were measured by the DXA, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT‐forearm) and muscle (MT‐ulna) thicknesses were measured by ultrasound. Appendicular FFAT was calculated based on the results of a previous study (appendicular FFAT = appendicular fat mass/0.85 x 0.15). The aLM was estimated from MT‐ulna using a previously published equation (aLM = 4.89 x MT‐ulna x body height – 9.15). Stepwise linear regression analysis was used to determine predictive models for DXA‐derived appendicular FFAT from AT‐forearm, sex, age, and anthropometrical variables. The best ultrasound prediction equation for estimation of appendicular FFAT was developed and then cross‐validated in a subsample of older adults.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the DXA‐derived and ultrasound‐predicted aLM‐minus‐FFATappendicular. A strong correlation was observed between the DXA‐derived and ultrasound‐predicted aLM‐minus‐FFATappendicular (r = 0.935, P < .001). Bland‐Altman analysis did not indicate a bias in the prediction of the aLM‐minus‐FFATappendicular for the validation group.ConclusionsOur results indicated that a single ultrasound forearm measurement can be used to accurately estimate DXA‐derived aLM‐minus‐FFATappendicular in Japanese older adults, which may be advantageous for community‐based physical examinations.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Chloroquine‐Containing DMAEMA Copolymers as Efficient Anti‐miRNA Delivery Vectors with Improved Endosomal Escape and Antimigratory Activity in Cancer Cells
Authors: Xie Ying , Yu Fei , Tang Weimin , Alade Bolutito Oluwole , Peng Zheng‐Hong , Wang Yazhe , Li Jing , Oupický David 
Published: August 2017

AbstractChloroquine‐containing 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate copolymers (PDCs) are synthesized by reversible addition–fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization. Systematic evaluation is performed to test the hypothesis that presence of chloroquine (CQ) in the PDC structure will improve miRNA delivery due to enhanced endosomal escape while simultaneously contribute to anticancer activity of PDC/miRNA polyplexes through inhibition of cancer cell migration. The results show that miRNA delivery efficiency is dependent both on the molecular weight and CQ. The best performing PDC/miRNA polyplexes show effective endosomal escape of miRNA. PDC polyplexes with therapeutic miR‐210 show promising anticancer activity in human breast cancer cells. PDC/miRNA polyplexes show excellent ability to inhibit migration of cancer cells. Overall, this study supports the use of PDC as a promising polymeric drug platform for use in combination anti‐metastatic and anticancer miRNA therapeutic strategies.
Challenges in MR‐only seed localization for postimplant dosimetry in permanent prostate brachytherapy
Authors: Zijlstra Frank , Moerland Marinus A. , van der Voort van Zyp Jochem R.N. , Noteboom Juus L. , Viergever Max A. , Seevinck Peter R. 
Published: August 2017

PurposeAn MR‐only postimplant dosimetry workflow for low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy could reduce patient burden, improve accuracy, and improve cost efficiency. However, localization of brachytherapy seeds on MRI scans remains a major challenge for this type of workflow. In this study, we propose and validate an MR‐only seed localization method and identify remaining challenges.Methods and materialsThe localization method was based on template matching of simulations of complex‐valued imaging artifacts around metal brachytherapy seeds. The method was applied to MRI scans of 25 prostate cancer patients who underwent LDR brachytherapy and for whom postimplant dosimetry was performed after 4 weeks. The seed locations found with the MR‐only method were validated against the seed locations found on CT. The circumstances in which detection errors were made were classified to gain an insight in the nature of the errors.ResultsA total of 1490 of 1557 (96%) seeds were correctly detected, while 67 false‐positive errors were made. The correctly detected seed locations had a high spatial accuracy with an average error of 0.8 mm compared with CT. A majority of the false positives occurred near other seeds. Most false negatives were found in either stranded configurations without spacers or near other seeds.ConclusionsThe low detection error rate and high localization accuracy obtained by the complex‐valued template matching approach are promising for future clinical application of MR‐only dosimetry. The most important remaining challenge is robustness with regard to configurations of multiple seeds in close vicinity, such as in strands of seeds without spacers. This issue could potentially be resolved by simulating specific configurations of multiple seeds or by constraining the treatment planning to avoid these configurations, which could make the proposed method competitive with CT‐based seed localization.
Novel design of composite generally weighted moving average and cumulative sum charts
Authors: Lu Shin‐Li 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe cumulative sum (CUSUM) and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) charts are popular statistical tools to improve the performance of the Shewhart chart in detecting small process shifts. In this study, we propose the mixed generally weighted moving average (GWMA)‐CUSUM chart and its reverse‐order CUSUM‐GWMA chart to enhance detection ability compared with existing counterparts. The simulation revealed that the mixed GWMA‐CUSUM and mixed CUSUM‐GWMA charts have the sensitivity to detect small process shifts and efficient structures compared with the mixed EWMA‐CUSUM and mixed CUSUM‐EWMA charts, respectively. Moreover, the mixed GWMA‐CUSUM chart with a large design parameter has robust performance, regardless of the high tail t distribution or right skewness gamma distribution.
Experimental and Theoretical Study for the Assessment of the Conformational Analysis of Pyrazolone Derivatives: Employing Quantitative Analysis for Intermolecular Interactions
Authors: Kumar Ranjeet , Singh Praveen , Parsons Simon , Tewari Ashish K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSynthesis of four new flexible pyrazolone derivatives have been carried out for conformational studies. The conformational studies have been done with X‐ray crystallography in solid state and theoretical calculation in gaseous state. The solid state study has revealed that substituted pyrazole moiety linked with pthalimido moiety via oxaethylene linker i. e. compounds 5 and 6 have shown folded conformation while increasing one methylene more in compound 7 has shown open conformation. However, theoretical calculation revealed that all compound stable in folded conformation. The quantitative analyses for intermolecular interaction of all compounds have been carried out by Hirshfeld surface analysis and Pixel calculations.
Graphene as Metal‐Free Catalyst for Aqueous Phase Reforming of Ethylene Glycol
Authors: Esteve‐Adell Iván , Bakker Nadia , Primo Ana , Hensen Emiel J. M. , García Hermenegildo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGraphene obtained by pyrolysis of alginate shows in the absence of any metal, catalytic activity towards the decomposition of ethylene glycol into hydrogen and carbon dioxide at 250 °C due to the presence of hydrogenating/dehydrogenating sites. This reaction has interest in the context of valorization of waste waters from cellulose depolymerization and it is typically catalyzed by platinum and other transition metals. In this regard, the use of graphene as metal‐free catalyst may have a considerable advantage from the point of sustainability of the catalyst. Based on the influence of the presence of acids and bases and the lack of influence of quenchers of reactive oxygen species, it is proposed that the active sites on the graphene could be frustrated acid‐base Lewis pairs acting as dehydrogenating centers. Controls with oxalic acid and glyoxal have shown that if ethylene glycol is converted into these α‐dicarbonylic compounds, spontaneous decarboxylation would occur totally (oxalic acid) or in some extent (glyoxal. 30%). In the last case, decarboxylation is also assisted by graphene.
Scavenging Pd2+ on Amine‐Functionalized SBA‐15: A Facile Synthesis of Leach‐Free Pd0 Nanocatalyst for Base‐Free Chemoselective Transfer Hydrogenation of Olefins
Authors: Bhuyan Diganta , Saikia Lakshi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe functionalization of mesoporous SBA‐15 with propylamine moiety made the material capable of scavenging Pd2+ ions from acetone very efficiently and the monodispersed surface bound Pd0 NPs were generated using NaBH4 in water. The as‐synthesized SBA‐15‐pr‐NH2.Pd0 nano hybrid material act as highly active, leach‐resistant and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for base‐free chemoselective transfer hydrogenation of styrene to ethylbenzene using formic acid as non toxic, clean hydrogen source at 298 K. The catalyst exhibited excellent performance when some substituted styrene and other unsaturated compounds having carbon carbon double bonds are employed as substrates in the optimized reaction condition for styrene. The role of free propylamine is found to be very crucial for higher conversion and selectivity of the desired alkane products.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gle2/Rae1 is involved in septin organization, essential for cell cycle progression
Authors: Zander Gesa , Kramer Wilfried , Seel Anika , Krebber Heike 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGle2/Rae1 is highly conserved from yeast to humans and has been described as an mRNA export factor. Additionally, it is implicated in the anaphase‐promoting complex‐mediated cell cycle regulation in higher eukaryotes. Here we identify an involvement for Saccharomyces cerevisiae Gle2 in septin organization, which is crucial for cell cycle progression and cell division. Gle2 genetically and physically interacts with components of the septin ring. Importantly, deletion of GLE2 leads to elongated buds, severe defects in septin‐assembly and their cellular mislocalization. Septin‐ring formation is triggered by the septin‐regulating GTPase Cdc42, which establishes and maintains cell polarity. Additionally, activity of the master cell cycle regulator Cdc28 (Cdk1) is needed, which is, besides other functions, also required for G2/M‐transition, and in yeast particularly responsible for initiating the apical–isotropic switch. We show genetic and physical interactions of Gle2 with both Cdc42 and Cdc28. Most importantly, we find that gle2∆ severely mislocalizes Cdc42, leading to defects in septin‐complex formation and cell division. Thus, our findings suggest that Gle2 participates in the efficient organization of the septin assembly network, where it might act as a scaffold protein. © 2017 The Authors. Yeast published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid Did not Alter trans‐10,cis‐12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Incorporation into Mice Brain and Eye Lipids
Authors: Vemuri Madhuri , Adkins Yuriko , Mackey Bruce E. , Kelley Darshan S. 
Published: August 2017

Abstracttrans 10,cis 12‐CLA has been reported to alter fatty acid composition in several non‐neurological tissues, but its effects are less known in neurological tissues. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if CLA supplementation would alter brain and eye fatty acid composition and if those changes could be prevented by concomitant supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n3) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n3). Eight‐week‐old, pathogen‐free C57BL/6N female mice (n = 6/group) were fed either the control diet or diets containing 0.5% (w/w) t10,c12‐CLA in the presence or absence of either 1.5% DHA or 1.5% EPA for 8 weeks. CLA concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the eye but not in the brain lipids of the CLA group when compared with the control group. The sums of saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and n3:n6 ratio did not differ between these two groups for both tissues. The n3:n6 ratio and concentrations of 20:5n3 and 22:5n3 were significantly greater, and those of 20:4n6, 22:4n6, and 22:5n6 were lesser in the CLA + DHA and CLA + EPA groups than in the control and CLA groups for either tissue. DHA concentration was higher in the CLA + DHA group only but not in the CLA + EPA group when compared with the CLA group for both tissues. The dietary fatty acids generally induced similar changes in brain and eye fatty acid concentration and at the concentrations used both DHA and EPA fed individually with CLA were more potent than CLA alone in altering the tissue fatty acid concentration.
Harmonics generation and the mechanics of saturation in flow over an open cavity: a second-order self-consistent description
Authors: Meliga P. 
Published: August 2017

The flow over an open cavity is an example of supercritical Hopf bifurcation leading to periodic limit-cycle oscillations. One of its distinctive features is the existence of strong higher harmonics, which results in the time-averaged mean flow being strongly linearly unstable. For this class of flows, a simplified formalism capable of unravelling how exactly the instability grows and saturates is lacking. This study builds on previous work by Mantič-Lugo et al. (Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 113, 2014, 084501) to fill in the gap using a parametrized approximation of an instantaneous, phase-averaged mean flow, coupled in a quasi-static manner to multiple linear harmonic disturbances interacting nonlinearly with one another and feeding back on the mean flow via their Reynolds stresses. This provides a self-consistent modelling of the mean flow–fluctuation interaction, in the sense that all perturbation structures are those whose Reynolds stresses force the mean flow in such a way that the mean flow generates exactly the aforementioned perturbations. The first harmonic is sought as the superposition of two components, a linear component generated by the instability and aligned along the leading eigenmode of the mean flow, and a nonlinear orthogonal component generated by the higher harmonics, which progressively distorts the linear growth rate and eigenfrequency of the eigenmode. Saturation occurs when the growth rate of the first harmonic is zero, at which point the stabilizing effect of the second harmonic balances exactly the linear instability of the eigenmode. The model does not require any input from numerical or experimental data, and accurately predicts the transient development and the saturation of the instability, as established from comparison to time and phase averages of direct numerical simulation data.
Funding quality pre-kindergarten slots with Philadelphia’s new ‘sugary drink tax’: simulating effects of using an excise tax to address a social determinant of health
Authors: Langellier Brent A , Lê-Scherban Félice , Purtle Jonathan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivePhiladelphia passed a 1·5-cent-per-ounce sweetened beverage tax (SBT). Revenue will fund 10 000 quality pre-kindergarten slots for poor children. It is imperative to understand how revenue from SBT can be used to fund programmes to address education and other social determinants of health. The objective of the present study was to simulate quality pre-kindergarten attendance, educational achievement and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption among Philadelphia children and adolescents under six intervention scenarios: (i) no intervention; (ii) 10 000 additional quality pre-kindergarten slots; (iii) a 1·5-cent-per-ounce SBT; (iv) expanded pre-kindergarten and 1·5-cent-per-ounce SBT; (v) a 3-cent-per-ounce SBT; and (vi) expanded pre-kindergarten and 3-cent-per-ounce SBT.DesignWe used an agent-based model to estimate pre-kindergarten enrolment, educational achievement and SSB consumption under the six policy scenarios. We identified key parameters in the model from the published literature and secondary analyses of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics – Child Development Supplement.SettingPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.SubjectsPhiladelphia children and adolescents aged 4–18 years.ResultsA 1·5-cents-per-ounce tax would reduce SSB consumption by 1·3 drinks/week among Philadelphia children and adolescents relative to no intervention, with larger effects among children below the poverty level. Quality pre-kindergarten expansion magnifies the effect of the SBT by 8 %, but has the largest effect on moderate-income children just above the poverty level. The SBT and quality pre-kindergarten programme each reduce SSB consumption, but primarily benefit different children and adolescents.ConclusionsPairing an excise tax with a complementary programme to improve a social determinant of health represents a progressive strategy to combat obesity, a disease regressive in its social patterning.