bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of paliperidone depot injection in seriously violent men with comorbid schizophrenia and dissocial personality disorder in a UK high-security hospital
Authors: Mortlock Anna-Marie , Larkin Fintan , Ross Callum C. , Gupta Nitin , Sengupta Samrat , Das Mrigendra 
Published: March 2017

Background: High-security hospital patients are often complex in presentation and are characterized by treatment resistance, medication nonadherence and history of violence. Paliperidone is licensed both as an oral and depot antipsychotic medication in the treatment of schizophrenia. Clinical trials have shown that paliperidone depot is well tolerated with similar efficacy to risperidone depot but with additional practical advantages. Whilst data exist for the effectiveness of paliperidone palmitate (PP), there are no studies involving patients in forensic settings or those with comorbid personality disorder. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of PP on violence, aggression and personality disorder symptoms. Methods: This project was a retrospective service evaluation involving 11 patients, carried out in a high-security hospital. A combination of patient records and interviews with the treating consultant psychiatrist were used to ascertain a Clinical Global Impression (CGI) score, the effect of PP on specific personality disorder symptom domains (cognitive-perceptual, impulsive-behavioural dyscontrol and affective dysregulation) and incidents of violence and aggression. Engagement with occupational and psychological therapies was also evaluated. Metabolic parameters were reviewed. Results: A total of 6 out of 11 patients continued on PP, most of whom had schizophrenia and dissocial personality disorder with histories of violence. All showed improvement in the CGI score with associated benefits in the three personality symptom domains. Overall, two patients demonstrated a reduction in the risk of violence. There was improvement in engagement with occupational therapy and psychological work. No significant effects on metabolic parameters were noted although hyperprolactinaemia, albeit asymptomatic, was consistently recorded. Conclusions: This pragmatic service evaluation of a small but complex patient group demonstrated, for the first time, that PP was effective in reducing violence as well as improving personality pathology across all dimensions: a finding which could have significant implications for management of such high-security patients.
The motogenic effect of EGF and TGF-α on the migration of tumor cells from the oral region
Authors: Islam Mohammad , Mane Shraddha , Hyder Erum , Jones Sarah , Ellis Ian 
Published: March 2017

Aim: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is recognized as a hallmark of cancer. The change in phenotype of epithelial cells enables them to migrate and the cancer therefore, to become more aggressive. The presence of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been implicated in the spread and aggressive nature of oral tumors. The aims of this present study were to investigate the role of two different growth factors, both ligands of the receptor, and their influence on EMT and cellular motility. Methods: A number of assays were used to investigate the response of the cells to the two growth factors (EGF and transforming growth factor (TGF-α)). These techniques included the 2-D scratch assay, a 2-D-cell scatter assay, and immunocytochemistry. Normal keratinocytes (HaCaT), oral adenoid squamous cell carcinoma (TYS), and human salivary gland tumor cells were used in this study. Results: The results of the scratch and scatter assays indicated that EGF and TGF-α exerted differential effects upon the cells. EGF and TGF-α stimulated the migration of cancer cells in scratch assays. Scatter assays have revealed that both EGF and TGF-α induce EMT. EGF- and TGF-α-induced scattering is EGFR dependent and localization of EMT markers (E-cadherin and vimentin) might play an important role in scattering. These responses were also found to be dependent upon cell type, indicating that the assay could also be used as a simple screen for active growth factor. The observed effects were also dose dependant (data not shown). Conclusion and implication for translation to clinic: We have previously reported that although EGF and TGF-α have ultimately similar effects on motility, it would appear that different mechanisms are responsible. This data extends our knowledge of the action of these growth factors to epithelial cell lines and will inform future testing of the effects of EGF and TGF-α inhibitors.
Ultrasound and Functional Assessment of Transtendinous Repairs of Partial-Thickness Articular-Sided Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Ostrander Roger V. , Klauser Jeffrey M. , Menon Sanjay , Hackel Joshua G. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Partial-thickness articular-sided rotator cuff tears are a frequent source of shoulder pain. Despite conservative measures, some patients continue to be symptomatic and require surgical management. However, there is some controversy as to which surgical approach results in the best outcomes for grade 3 tears. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate repair integrity and the clinical results of patients treated with transtendinous repair of high-grade partial-thickness articular-sided rotator cuff tears. Our hypothesis was that transtendinous repairs would result in reliable healing and acceptable functional outcomes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Twenty patients with a minimum follow-up of 2 years were included in the study. All patients underwent arthroscopic repair of high-grade partial-thickness rotator cuff tears utilizing a transtendinous technique by a single surgeon. At latest follow-up, the repair integrity was evaluated using ultrasound imaging, and functional scores were calculated. Results: Ultrasound evaluation demonstrated that 18 of 20 patients had complete healing with a normal-appearing rotator cuff. Two patients had a minor residual partial tear. Sixteen of 20 patients had no pain on visual analog scale. Four patients complained of mild intermittent residual pain. All patients were rated as “excellent” by both the University of California at Los Angeles Shoulder Score and the Simple Shoulder Test. Conclusion: The transtendon technique for the repair of articular-sided high-grade partial rotator cuff tears results in reliable tendon healing and excellent functional outcomes.
How do messenger RNA splicing alterations drive myelodysplasia?
Authors: Joshi Poorval , Halene Stephanie , Abdel-Wahab Omar 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Mutations in RNA splicing factors are the single most common class of genetic alterations in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. Although much has been learned about how these mutations affect splicing at a global- and transcript-specific level, critical questions about the role of these mutations in MDS development and maintenance remain. Here we present the questions to be addressed in order to understand the unique enrichment of these mutations in MDS.
Political activities and anti-communism of Korean Protestant conservatives in the 2000s
Authors: Ryu Dae Young 
Published: March 2017

AbstractKorean Protestant Conservatives began political activities against the government when the Roh Moo Hyun administration took office. Conservative Protestants have long been obedient to the government and kept silence on socio-political issues since the foundation of the Republic of Korea. Those politically active conservative Protestants were called the Christian Right. Their sudden political activism came from a sense of crisis they felt about the Kim Dae Jung and Roh Moo Ryun governments’ progressive policies. It arose in a “power vacuum” that even though the progressive governments took political power, the “Cold War structures” still dominated many sections of Korean society. The Christian Right, just like the ideological right, was formed due to a sense of ideological crisis. It thought that the Kim and Roh administrations were pushing Korea, the rightist republic as it believed, into a crisis by adapting leftist policy measures. Their key values were pro-Americanism and anti-communism. Just like American Religious Right, their anti-communism was connected to Manichaean dualism, fundamentalism, and a belief in the providential role of the United States in fight against evil. However, unlike the American counterpart, the Korean Christian Right paid little attention to ethical issues, while making issue of ideological and socio-political matters only.
International Currency Counterfeiting Schemes in Interwar West Africa
Authors: Feingold Ellen R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
During the interwar period, international counterfeiting schemes originating in West Africa presented a new threat to British colonial and national currencies. This new pattern of criminality relied upon international commercial relationships that were enabled by the colonial monetary system set up by the British in the early twentieth century. Through the analysis of three cases, this article argues that colonial authorities not only regarded the schemes as a risk to the currency system, but also sought to combat them because they presented a new challenge to British law enforcement in the colonies, set off disputes between national and imperial institutions in London, and required the British to collaborate with other nations to thwart. These schemes demonstrate that although colonial coins and banknotes—and definitions of legality and illegality in relation to them—supported imperial economic aims in West Africa, colonial currencies also enabled Africans to establish global connections that had the potential to undermine British colonial authority.
The Firm as an Enterprise Entity and the Tax Avoidance Conundrum: Perspectives from Accounting Theory and Policy
Authors: Biondi Yuri 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Notwithstanding its political dimension, international tax avoidance is also the result of a regulatory process that makes reference to overarching concepts and representations. The current debate is featured by two overarching principles of ‘negative’ and ‘positive’ taxation under the law: the one arguing for the right to minimise the tax payment, the other one for the duty to pay a fair tax amount. This debate is further featured by two distinctive approaches to tax base determination: the market basis coupled with the legal person basis, and the economic substance basis. The economic substance approach argues that the received approach grapples with economic reality featured by integrated transnational corporate groups. These groups operate across jurisdictions and have the capacity to reshape their legal-economic structuring to obtain specific tax results. An adequate response urges then to consider these groups through consolidated report (unitary approach), allocating their consolidated result to involved jurisdictions through formulary apportionment. This unitary approach is upheld by recent advances by the theory of the firm as enterprise entity, which combines law and economics with accounting. The business firm is then understood as a specific economic coordination backed by its institutional structure of production, including its accounting system. This theoretical consistency is appealing and deserves further investigation, including to foster cross-fertilisation and harmonisation of financial and tax accounting systems. But it does not imply a straightforward claim to adopt current international accounting standards for tax purposes. International accounting standards-making has been formally disconnected by national jurisdictions, it currently excludes public policy concerns, and it may be substantially unable to avoid the very same ‘specifications’ on the letter of the law that have been already paving the way to loopholes and structuring opportunities in tax regulation.
IPS – a vision aided navigation system
Authors: Börner Anko , Baumbach Dirk , Buder Maximilian , Choinowski Andre , Ernst Ines , Funk Eugen , Grießbach Denis , Schischmanow Adrian , Wohlfeil Jürgen , Zuev Sergey 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Ego localization is an important prerequisite for several scientific, commercial, and statutory tasks. Only by knowing one’s own position, can guidance be provided, inspections be executed, and autonomous vehicles be operated. Localization becomes challenging if satellite-based navigation systems are not available, or data quality is not sufficient. To overcome this problem, a team of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) developed a multi-sensor system based on the human head and its navigation sensors – the eyes and the vestibular system. This system is called integrated positioning system (IPS) and contains a stereo camera and an inertial measurement unit for determining an ego pose in six degrees of freedom in a local coordinate system. IPS is able to operate in real time and can be applied for indoor and outdoor scenarios without any external reference or prior knowledge. In this paper, the system and its key hardware and software components are introduced. The main issues during the development of such complex multi-sensor measurement systems are identified and discussed, and the performance of this technology is demonstrated. The developer team started from scratch and transfers this technology into a commercial product right now. The paper finishes with an outlook.
miRNAs, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
Authors: SanGiovanni John Paul , SanGiovanni Peter M. , Sapieha Przemysław , De Guire Vincent 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAdvanced age-related macular degeneration (AAMD) is a complex sight-threating disease of public health significance. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as biomarkers for AAMD. The presence of certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may influence the explanatory value of these biomarkers. Here we present findings from an integrated approach used to determine whether AAMD-associated SNPs have the capacity to influence miRNA-mRNA pairing and, if so, to what extent such pairing may be manifested in a discrete AAMD transcriptome. Using a panel of 8854 SNPs associated with AAMD at p-values ≤5.0E−7 from a cohort of >30,000 elderly people, we identified SNPs in miRNA target-encoding constituents of: (1) regulator of complement activation (RCA) genes (rs390679,
Fast track protocols using highly sensitive troponin assays for ruling out and ruling in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Ferraro Simona , Dolci Alberto , Panteghini Mauro 
Published: March 2017

Abstract:The introduction of “highly sensitive” cardiac troponin assays (hsTn) has reinforced the evidence that only serial testing incorporated in running algorithms allows a more accurate diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. In this report, we consider the available evidence supporting the use of fast track protocols for ruling out and ruling in non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and compare it with the content of recently released guideline by the European Society of Cardiology, noting some uncomfortable aspects that need urgent clarification and/or revision. Firstly, the guideline drafters have to reconsider the available evidence that does not permit to assign the same class and level of evidence to the very well-validated 0–3 h algorithm and to the 0–1 h algorithm. In agreement with the validity of available data, the limitations of fast track protocols, in particular of the 0–1 h algorithm for NSTEMI rule-in, calls for caution. Secondly, as the current diagnostics guidance by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends, rapid diagnostic protocols should be performed only using well-validated hsTn; recommending the use of an assay before being commercially available is not fair and scientifically sound.
Stopgap subordinators and and but: A non-canonical structure emergent from interactional needs and typological requirements
Authors: Izutsu Mitsuko Narita , Izutsu Katsunobu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe present article examines the usage of coordinators as subordinating devices. An investigation of a corpus of spoken American English reveals thatandandbutcan occupy clause-final position and be used for marking syntactic and functional asymmetries. It has been pointed out that such final coordinators arise as a result of interactional contingencies (Barth-Weingarten 2014, Dialogism and the emergence of final particles: The case ofand. In Susanne Günthner, Wolfgang Imo & Jörg Bücker (eds.),Grammar and dialogism, 335–366. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter). However, a cross-linguistic observation suggests that not all coordinators can be used as clause-final elements. Our research demonstrates that the emergence of clause-finalandandbutdoes not only come from interactional needs but also presupposes typological requirements. Head-initial (VO) languages like English, where adverbial clauses are marked by clause-initial subordinators, are subject to three competing motivations for the ordering of main and adverbial clauses (Diessel 2005, Competing motivations for the ordering of main and adverbial clauses.Linguistics43(3). 449–470). Our study contends that clause-final coordinators serve asstopgap subordinators, which help to resolve such competition between the three motivating forces.
Simple and efficient approach to synthesis of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4,6]thiatriazine- 1-oxides from N-triazol-3-ylamidines
Authors: Hajri Azhar , Marzouki Mohamed Lamjed 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
A facile method for the synthesis of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4,6]thiatriazine 1-oxides 3a–h is presented. The approach involves a reaction between N-triazol-3-ylamidines 2a–h and thionyl chloride in the presence of pyridine. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectral studies including IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS and elemental analysis.
Hydraulic Design and Power Characterization of Closed Turbine-Type Agitator
Authors: Yoshida Masanori , Ebina Hiromu , Ishioka Kohei , Oiso Koki , Shirosaki Hayato , Tateshita Ryota 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Designs of impeller as an agitator with alteration and modification of a conventional turbine type impeller were proposed to improve the power characteristics and to provide a favorable efficiency. For development of the turbine type impeller, a concept of the alterative design was for the impeller blades to transmit fully energy. This impeller has shrouds structurally and was named “closed impeller”. For baffled vessels agitated by the closed impellers, the internal liquid flow as well as the bulk liquid flow were examined to be analyzed for energy consideration. The closed impeller being modified, its internal flow was observed to be appreciably smooth along the blade surfaces. In evaluation in terms of hydraulic and energetic efficiencies indicating the phenomenon in the impeller swept region and that in the rest, respectively, the closed impellers were demonstrated to have improved power characteristics as an increased transmission and consequent uniformized dissipation.
Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction for Pinocembrin from Flos
populi Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Sheng Zunlai , Wang Biying , Zhao Jiahong , Yu Wenhui 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In this study, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was used for extraction of pinocembrin from Flos populi. Based on the results of the single-factor experiment, four independent parameters, including ethanol concentration (40–80 %), extraction temperature (50–70 °C), extraction time (25–45 min) and electrical acoustic intensity (40.8–81.5 W/m2) were further investigated using response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with Box-Behnken design. The experimental data were fitted to the quadratic response surface model using multiple regression analysis with high adjusted determination coefficient value (R
2) of 0.9697. The highest yield (134.2 ± 1.53 mg/g) of pinocembrin was obtained under the optimal conditions (ethanol concentration of 68 %, extraction temperature of 69 °C, extraction time of 42 min and electrical acoustic intensity of 66.81 W/cm2), which agreed to the predicted value of 132.9 mg/g. Moreover, the comparison between the UAE and reflux extraction also showed the suitability of UAE for pinocembrin from Flos populi.
Cross-architecture bug search in binary executables
Authors: Pewny Jannik , Garmany Behrad , Gawlik Robert , Rossow Christian , Holz Thorsten 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
With the general availability of closed-source software for various CPU architectures, there is a need to identify
security-critical vulnerabilities at the binary level. Unfortunately, existing bug finding methods fall short in that they
i) require source code, ii) only work on a single architecture (typically x86), or iii) rely on dynamic analysis, which is
difficult for embedded devices. In this paper, we propose a system to derive bug signatures for known bugs. First,
we compute semantic hashes for the basic blocks of the binary. When can then use these semantics to find code parts
in the binary that behave similarly to the bug signature, effectively revealing code parts that contain the bug. As
a result, we can find vulnerabilities, e.g., the famous Heartbleed vulnerabilities, in buggy binary code for any of
the supported architectures (currently, ARM, MIPS and x86).
Proactive approach at the limits of viability improves the short-term outcome of neonates born after 23 weeks’ gestation
Authors: Šimják Patrik , Smíšek Jan , Koucký Michal , Lamberská Tereza , Plavka Richard , Hájek Zdeněk 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this single-center study was to identify factors that affect the short-term outcome of newborns delivered around the limits of viability.

Methods:
A group of 137 pregnant women who gave birth between 22+0/7 and 25+6/7 weeks of gestation was retrospectively studied. The center supports a proactive approach to infants around the limits of viability. Perinatal and neonatal characteristics were obtained and statistically evaluated.

Results:
A total of 166 live-born infants were enrolled during a 6-year period; 162 (97.6%) of them were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) and 119 (73.5%) survived until discharge. The decrease in neonatal mortality was associated with an advanced gestational age (P<0.001) and a completed course of corticosteroids (P=0.002). Neonatal morbidities were common among infants of all gestational ages. The incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage significantly depended on gestational age (P<0.001) and a completed course of corticosteroids (P=0.002). Survival without severe neonatal morbidities was 39.5% and occurred mostly after 24+0/7 weeks of gestation.

Conclusion:
The short-term outcome of newborns delivered around the limits of viability is mostly affected by gestational age and antenatal corticosteroid treatment. A consistently proactive approach improves the survival of infants at the limits of viability. This is most pronounced in cases where the delivery is delayed beyond 24 completed gestational weeks.