bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross pinning versus lateral pinning in type III supracondylar fracture: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Govindasamy Rajesh , Gnanasundaram Ramkumar , Kasirajan Saravanan , Thonikadavath Fawas , Tiwari Rajeev K. 
Published: July 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background: </span></strong>The commonly accepted treatment of type III supracondylar fractures of humerus in children is closed reduction percutaneous pinning (CRPP). There is a long debate over stability and complications associated with cross and lateral pinning. The present study compares the functional outcome and complications of both pinning techniques.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> A retrospective analysis of results with regard to ulnar nerve injury, carrying angle and range of movements was made in 27 children with lateral pinning and 28 children with crossed pinning was done in our institution. Functional outcome was graded according to Flynn’s criteria and loss of reduction by Skagg’s criteria.<strong></strong></span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results: </span></strong>There was no statistically significant difference with regard to functional outcome and loss of reduction between the two groups. Iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury (IUNI) occurred in three cases (11%) after crossed pinning in which two had significant palsy, which recovered by three months and the other had only transient paraesthesia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions: </span></strong>Lateral pinning technique is reliably safe method in terms of stability as it avoids IUNI, we recommend it.</p>
Towards understanding the role of sialylation in melanoma progression
Authors: Kolasińska Ewa , Przybyło Małgorzata , Janik Marcelina , Lityńska Anna 
Published: July 2016

Aberrant expression of sialic acids or altered linkage types is closely associated with malignant phenotype and metastatic potential, and can have prognostic significance in human cancer. The present study was undertaken to evaluate whether expression of sialylated derivatives on melanoma cell surface is associated with tumour progression. Four cell lines (WM1552C, WM115, IGR-39 and WM266-4) were used in the study. Cell surface expression of sialic acids was evaluated by flow cytometry with the use of Maackia amurensis and Sambucus nigra lectins. Moreover, adhesion and migration potential of melanoma cells and involvement of sialic acids in these processes were analysed. We have demonstrated that WM266-4 cells have a significantly higher level of α2,3-linked sialic acid residues than other cells, whereas IGR-39 cells had lower expression of α2,6-linked sialic acids. The adhesion efficiencies of WM1552C and WM115 cells were significantly lower than that of IGR-39 and WM266-4 cells. In contrast, WM266-4 cells repaired scratch wounds at least twice as fast as other cells. Melanoma cell adhesion to fibronectin in the presence of Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) was reduced only in IGR-39 and WM266-4 cells, whereas the impact of Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA) on this process was much more important. Migration efficiency of melanoma cells was reduced more strongly in the presence of MAA than SNA. In conclusion, our results show that melanoma progression is associated with the increased expression of α2,3-linked sialic acids on the cell surface and these residues could promote melanoma cell interaction with fibronectin.
Interaction of human fibronectin with Candida glabrata epithelial adhesin 6 (Epa6)
Authors: Zajac Dorota , Karkowska-Kuleta Justyna , Bochenska Oliwia , Rapala-Kozik Maria , Kozik Andrzej 
Published: July 2016

Adherence of pathogens to extracellular matrix proteins and host cells is one of the essential steps in the microbial colonization of the human organism. The adhesion of C. glabrata, i.e. the second major causative agent of human disseminated candidiases after C. albicans, to the host epithelium mainly engages specific fungal cell wall proteins—epithelial adhesins (Epa)—in particular, Epa1, Epa6 and Epa7. The aim of the present study was to identify the major Epa protein involved in the interactions with the human extracellular matrix protein—fibronectin—and to present the kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of these interactions. A relatively novel gel-free approach, i.e. the “cell surface shaving” that consists in short treatment of fungal cells with trypsin was employed to identify the C. glabrata surfaceome. Epa6 was purified, and the isolated protein was characterized in terms of its affinity to human fibronectin using a microplate ligand-binding assay and surface plasmon resonance measurements. The dissociation constants for the binding of Epa6 to fibronectin were determined to range between 9.03 × 10–9 M and 7.22 × 10–8 M, depending on the method used (surface plasmon resonance measurements versus the microplate ligand-binding assay, respectively). The identified fungal pathogen-human host protein-protein interactions might become a potential target for novel anticandidal therapeutic approaches.
Learners’ code-switching in English as a Second Language (ESL) lessons: perspectives of four secondary school teachers in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mareva Rugare 
Published: July 2016

<div><p><em>The study investigated the perceptions of secondary school teachers of English on code-switching by learners in the learning of English. The qualitative inquiry focused on one rural day, and one urban boarding school. The study employed interviews with four teachers from the two schools. Results show that from the perspective of the teachers, their ESL learners code-switched from English to the learners’ L1 as a learning tool, mainly to foster understanding among learners and between the learners and their teachers, and for other communicative and social functions. The teachers expressed an appreciation of their learners’ code-switching but there were also negative sentiments. The study recommends that language policy planners revisit the English-only policy in schools and consider adopting the endo-normative rather than the exo-normative model of English for the education system. The study also recommends that the responsible Ministry should hold workshops to sensitise teachers on how code-switching may be tolerated and exploited as a language learning tool. Furthermore, the study recommends that ESL teachers be guided by the Postmethod pedagogy, a sense of plausibility as well as the notion of relativism in their decisions on whether or not to allow their learners to code-switch. In addition, the inquiry recommends that the Zimbabwe Schools Examinations Council be sensitive to aspects of the local variety of English rather than set exo-normative models. Finally, the study recommends that further research be done on code-switching in school types which were not included in the sample for the present study.</em></p></div>
Teachers’ code-switching in English as a Second Language (ESL) instruction: Perceptions of selected secondary school learners in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mareva Rugare 
Published: July 2016

<div><p><em>The study explored perceptions of secondary school learners of English on code-switching by teachers in the teaching of English. The qualitative inquiry focused on one rural day, and one urban boarding school. The study employed focus group discussions with groups of ten Form One and ten Form Three English learners per school. Results show that from the perspective of the learners, their ESL teachers code-switched from English to the learners’ L1 as a teaching and learning tool, mainly to foster understanding among learners and between the learners and their teachers, and for other communicative functions. The majority of the learners expressed an appreciation of their teachers’ code-switching but there were also negative sentiments. The study recommends that language policy planners revisit the English-only policy in the school and consider adopting the endo-normative rather than the exo-normative model of English for the education system. The study also recommends that the Ministry Education should hold workshops to sensitise teachers on how code-switching may best be employed as an instructional tool. Furthermore, the study recommends that ESL teachers be guided by the Postmethod pedagogy, a sense of plausibility as well as the notion of relativism in their decisions on code-switching. In addition, the inquiry recommends that the Zimbabwe Schools Examinations Council be sensitive to aspects of the local variety of English rather than set exo-normative models. Finally, the study recommends that further research be done on code-switching in school types which were not included in the sample for the present study.</em></p></div>
The Implementation of British Parliamentary Debating in Mulawarman Debate Society (MDS)
Authors: Agustina Lely , Bahrani Bahrani 
Published: July 2016

In English debate, the students will be exposed to the real problems facing a society or a nation. The students are required to be able to give a strong and reasonable statement and solution so that they can practice English and convince the public that their idea will be expressed freely. This study found that there were some differences related to the implementation of British Parliamentary debating system, such us the differences of the amount of debater and adjudicator and length of speech. Those differences actually did not give bad effect significantly during the observation because of during observations, each member acted his or her role as well as the regulation of British Parliamentary debating system. It can be said that they had fulfilled their role fulfillment as debater, time keeper or the speaker and as adjudicator in every single debating practice. Beside the differences mentioned above, everything related to the implementation of British Parliamentary debating system in Mulawarman Debating Society were the same as the standard regulation of the British Parliamentary Debating System. For instance, there was case building for fifteen minutes before debating, the debater delivered POI, both accepted and declined it, and in the debate practice of MDS, the adjudication was also done by the adjudicator through giving verbal adjudication and ranking the team. The motion was also given by the adjudicator in the debate practice of MDS.
Structural Analysis of “Peanut & Sparky”: A Short Story by Arnie Lightning as A Way in Understanding Literature
Authors: Fauzan Umar 
Published: July 2016

<p>This study aims at analyzing the structure of Arni Lightning’s short story Peanut &amp; Sparky plays an essential part in a literary work which explores the plot, setting, characters, conflict and other elements of the story. Instead of that, by conducting this analysis, it could make the narration comprehensible for the readers and also to catcth the meaning which the writer wants to convey. The short story Peanut &amp; Sparky was published in April 2015 in America. This analysis captures the writer’s intention of fabricating the story through its premise,theme, character, moral value, setting. The study reveals that conducting structural analysis is supposed to be a good way in understanding literary works.</p><strong><em>Key words</em></strong><em>: Structural, analysis, Short Story,Literature </em><strong> </strong>
Pengaruh Pemberian Jus Jambu Biji Merah (Psidium guajava) dan Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis) terhadap Kadar High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) pada Pasien Dislipidemia (The Effect of Guava Extract (Psidium guajava) and Siam Citrus Fruit (Citrus nobilis) on HDL Level in Dyslipidemic Patients)
Authors: Hayudanti Dewinta , Kusumastuty Inggita , Tritisari Kanthi Permaningtyas 
Published: August 2016

AbstrakPenurunan kadar HDL merupakan salah satu tanda yang terjadi pada penderita dislipidemia. Pada penderita dislipidemia, serat memiliki peranan penting sebagai arteroprotektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian jus jambu biji merah dan buah jeruk siam dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hingga 21,5 g serat/hari (serat larut air) sehingga dapat meningkatkan kadar HDL. Study quasi experimental ini Â menggunakan desain pre-post test control group yang dilakukanÂ terhadap pasien dislipidemia di Puskesmas Cisadea Kota Malang. Sampel dipilih secara non probability yang dibagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol (n=16) yang hanya diberikan konseling gizi saja dan kelompok perlakuan (n=16) yang diberikan konseling gizi serta jus jambu biji merah dan buah jeruk siam yang diintervensi selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan selisih kadar HDL dari pemberian jus jambu biji merah dan buah jeruk siam antara kelompok kontrol Â±1,06 dan kelompok perlakuan Â±0,06. Setelah dilakukan analisis menggunakan uji Independent t-test, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05).Kata kunci: dislipidemia, HDL, jambu biji merah, buah jeruk siam.Â AbstractLow levels of HDL is a feature in dyslipidemia patient. Fiber has an important role as arteroprotective in dislipidemia patient. The fibers in red guava juice and siam citrus fruit can meet up to 21,5 g fiber/day. This research aims to prove that fibers increase HDL levels. Quasi experimental study used design pre-post test control group in patient with dislipidemia in Public Health Center Cisadea of Malang City. The sample was selected based onÂ by non probability sampling to be devided into two groups, the control group (n=16) were only given nutritional counseling and treatment (n=16) were given nutritional counseling as well as guava juice and siam citrus fruit who intervention during the 14 days. The results of this research suggest that increased the difference of levels of HDL as an influence of red guava juice and siam citrus fruits between control group Â±0,06 mg/dl and treatment group 1.06 mg/dl, and it show that the comparison of the difference in HDL levels increase between groups, there was a significant different (p<0,05). Conclusions of this research is red guava juice and siam citrus fruit affecting HDL levels significantly. Based on the research results, suggestions for further research are using other foods as a source of fiber.Keywords: dyslipidemia, HDL, red guava, siam citrus fruit.
Model pembelajaran integratif penjasorkes materi atletik dengan pendidikan IPA materi Biologi untuk siswa SMP
Authors: Fitri Alchonity Harika , Winarni Sri 
Published: July 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan model pembelajaran integratif untuk siswa sekolah menengah pertama yang layak digunakan. Model pembelajaran integratif diharapkan untuk digunakan guru penjasorkes dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Penelitian pengembangan ini dilakukan dengan mengadaptasi langkah penelitian sebagai berikut: (1) pengumpulan data (2) analisis informasi yang dikumpulkan (3) pengembangan draft produk awal (4) validasi ahli dan revisi (5) uji coba skala kecil dan revisi, (6) uji coba lapangan skala besar dan revisi, (7) pembuatan produk final. Uji coba dengan skala kecil dilakukan terhadap 25 siswa SMP BOKPRI 1 Yogyakarta. Uji coba dengan skala besar dilakukan terhadap 31 siswa SMP Negeri 12 Yogyakarta, SMP Negeri 4 Yogyakarta, dan SMP PIRI 1 Yogyakarta. Instrumen pengumpulan data adalah pedoman wawancara, catatan lapangan, skala nilai validasi, guru partisipasi, respon siswa, tes unjuk kerja dan tes pengetahuan. Analisis data mengguna-kan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini berupa buku panduan yang berisikan syntax (langkah-langkah), bentuk penilaian, 6 permainan integratif, dan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang layak dan efektif.Kata kunci: model integratif penjasorkes, SMP Integrated learning model of physicl education on athletics with Biology for junior high school students AbstractThis study aimed to produce an integrated learning model for physical education and biology education. The integrated learning model was expected to be used by physical education teachers in teaching and learning activities. This research and development was conducted by adapting the steps of research development including: (1) preliminary study, (2) analysis of the gathered information, (3) developing the initial product, (4) expert’s validation and revision, (5) small scale trials and revision, (6) large-scale field trial and revision, and (7) dissemination of the product. Small-scale test was conducted on 25 junior high school students of BOKPRI 1 Yogyakarta. The large-scale trials were conducted on 31 students of Junior High School 12 Yogyakarta, Junior High School 4 Yogyakarta, and Junior High School PIRI 1 Yogyakarta. The instruments used for collecting data were interview guideline, field notes, questionnaires of scale validation value, questionnaire of teachers’ participa-tion and students’ response, performance and effectiveness test. The data analysis used descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The result of this research is a guide book that contains syntax (steps), forms of assessment, six integrated games, and lesson plan of learning which is proper and effective.Keywords: the teaching models, integrative physical education, Junior High School.
Pengaruh taebo high dan low impact terhadap ketahanan otot dan lemak tubuh ditinjau dari VO2Maks
Authors: Budiawan Dedi , Suharjana Suharjana 
Published: July 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) perbedaan tingkat keefektifan pengaruh senam Taebo high impact dan low impact terhadap ketahanan otot dan persentase lemak tubuh ditinjau dari volume oksigen maksimum, (2) apakah VO2Maks tinggi lebih baik/bagus daripada VO2Maks rendah terhadap peningkatan ketahanan otot dan penurunan persentase lemak tubuh. (3) interaksi yang terjadi antara metode latihan senam Taebo high impact dan low impact terhadap ketahanan otot dan persentase lemak tubuh ditinjau dari volume oksigen maksimum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2x2, menggunakan tes awal dan tes akhir dengan dua kelompok yang diberi perlakuan berbeda. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan pengukuran yang dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah multistage fitness test, tes daya tahan otot dengan exercise machine, dan tes lemak tubuh dengan skinfold fat caliper test. Teknik analisis data menggunakan ANAVA dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Uji prasyarat analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas Kolmogorov Smirnov Test dengan taraf signifikansi 5% dan uji homogenitas varians Levene Testdengan taraf signifikansi 5%.Kata Kunci: Taebo high dan low impact, ketahanan otot, lemak tubuh, VO2maks. The effect of high and low impact taebo on muscular endurance and body fat viewed from VO2MaksAbstractThis study aims to determine (1) the difference of effectiveness level of high impact and low impact Taebo gymnastics on muscular endurance and body fat percentage in terms of the maximum volume of oxygen, (2) whether high VO2Max is better than low VO2Max to increase muscular endurance and decrease body fat percentage, and (3) the interaction that occurs between gymnastics training methods of high impact and low impact Taebo on muscular endurance and body fat percentage in terms of the maximum volume of oxygen. This study is an experimental study with 2 x 2 factorial design, using pretest and the posttest by two groups that were given different treatments. The data collection used tests and measurements done before and after treatments. The instruments in this study were a multistage fitness test, a test of muscle endurance with exercise machine, and skinfold fat caliper test, a test of body fat percentage. The research data analysis used ANOVA with the significance level of 5%. The prerequisite test data analysis used Kolmogorov Smirnov normality test with the significance level of 5% and Levene's test of homogeneity of variance test with the significance level of 5%.Keywords: high and low impact Taebo, muscular endurance, body fat, VO2Max.
Pengaruh latihan beban dan kekuatan otot terhadap hypertrophy otot dan ketebalan lemak
Authors: Sucipto Eko , Widiyanto Widiyanto 
Published: July 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) perbedaan pengaruh antara latihan beban metode compound set dan circuit training, (2) perbedaan pengaruh kekuatan otot tinggi dan rendah,dan (3) interaksi antara metode latihan beban dan kekuatan terhadap hasil hypertrophy otot dan ketebalan lemak. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 56 members yang programnya hypertrophy otot dari Fitness Centre GOR FIK UNY dan Fitness Centre Club Arena Hotel Jayakarta Yogyakarta. Sampel yang berjumlah 28 members ditentukan dengan teknik Purposive Rondom Sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Analisis Varian (ANAVA). Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara latihan beban dengan compound set dan circuit training terhadap hypertrophy otot, (2) ada perbedaan pengaruh kekuatan otot tinggi dan rendah terhadap hypertrophy otot dan ketebalan lemak, dan ada interaksi yang signifikan antara metode latihan beban dan kekuatan otot terhadap hypertrophy otot.Kata kunci: metode latihan beban, kekuatan otot, hasil hypertrophy otot dan ketebalan lemak. The effect of weight training and muscle strength on muscle hypertrophy and fat thicknessAbstractThis study aims to find out: (1) the differences between the effect of weight training method and circuit training compound set, (2) differences in the effect of high and low muscle strength, and (3) the interaction among methods of weight training and muscle strength on the muscle hypertrophy and fat thickness. This study is experimental. The population was 56 members of Sport Hall Fitness Centre Faculty, of Sports Science, State University of Yogyakarta and Fitness Centre Club Arena Hotel Jayakarta Yogyakarta. A sample of 28 members was established using the purposive random sampling technique. The data analysis technique used in this study was the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results show that: (1) there is a significant effect difference between the weight training and circuit training compound set on the result of muscle hypertrophy(2) there is a difference in the effect of high and low muscle strength on the results of muscle hypertrophy and fat thickness, and (3) there is a significant interaction between the weight training method and muscle strength on the muscle hypertrophy results.Keywords: method of weight training, muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy results and fat thickness.