bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of dip time on the electrochemical behavior of PPy-Cu(OH)2 hybrid electrodes synthesized using pyrrole and CuSO4
Authors: Thakur Amarsingh V. , Lokhande Balkrishna J. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The present work in on the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) mediated synthesis and study of variations in electrochemical behavior of PPy-Cu(OH)2 hybrid electrodes with dip time. In the aqueous route preparation, 0.1 m pyrrole, 0.1 m CuSO4 dissolved in acidified water (using 0.5 m H2SO4) and H2O2 (30 wt %) were used as initial ingredient sources. The peaks observed in the X-Ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the electrode at 2θ=21.500 oriented along the <110> planes closely match with the peaks of Cu(OH)2 as per JCPDS data card no. 42-0638 indicating the existence of triclinic Cu(OH)2 in the hybrid. The characteristic peak at 1559 cm−1 in the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum due to pyrrole ring vibrations confirms the existence of PPy in the hybrid. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis shows the occurrence of C, N, O and Cu in the electrode material which substantiates the formation of the hybrid. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of electrodes with optimum dip time (20 s) in pyrrole show networks of interconnected nanostructures. The specific capacitance increases with the dip time in the source solutions. The electrode prepared with optimum dip time in pyrrole has produced the maximum values of specific capacitance (SC), specific energy (SE) and specific power (SP) as 127.04 F/g, 44.16 Wh/kg and 30 kW/kg, respectively, when analyzed in 0.5 m H2SO4. Impedance study of the electrode explains the mixed capacitive nature and the maximum values of solution resistance (Rs), charge transfer resistance (Rct) and Warburg impedance (Rw) are 1.35 Ω, 143.4 Ω and 2.05 Ω, respectively.
Application of Fractional Techniques in the Analysis of Forest Fires
Authors: Lopes António M. , Machado J.A. Tenreiro 
Published: November 2016

Abstract:In this paper we study the global behavior of forest fires (FFs) in the Continental United States for the period 1984–2013. The data are obtained from a public domain catalog maintained by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity project. First we adopt clustering analysis to reduce the information dimensionality. Then we adopt mathematical tools commonly used in the analysis of dynamical systems, namely fractal dimension, entropy and fractional Fourier transform. The fractional techniques unveil FF patterns embedded in the data.
Discharge Coefficient of Rectangular Side Weirs on Circular Channels
Authors: Azimi Hamed , Shabanlou Saeid , Ebtehaj Isa , Bonakdari Hossein 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this study, the flow turbulence and variations of the supercritical free surface flow in a circular channel along a side weir are simulated as three dimensional using the RNGk-εturbulence model and volume of fluid (VOF) scheme. Comparison between the numerical model and experimental measurements shows that the numerical model simulates the free surface flow with good accuracy. According to the numerical model results, the specific energy variations along the side weir for the supercritical flow regime are almost constant and the energy drop is not significant but by increasing the side weir length the energy difference between the side weir upstream and downstream increases. Next, using the nonlinear regression (NLR) and analysis of the simulation results, some relationships for calculating the discharge coefficient of side weir on circular channels in supercritical flow regime are provided.
Work Integration Social Enterprises for People with Disabilities in Japan
Authors: Laratta Rosario , Nakagawa Sachiko 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper is divided into two interrelated sections. The first part provides a historical analysis of three relevant policy regimes and discusses how these have affected the emergence and development of Work Integration Social Enterprises (WISEs) in Japan. The second part of the paper draws on the findings of a qualitative study of 18 WISEs to identify and characterize different models of WISEs in Japan. Three major dimensions were observed: i) social goal of the organizations; ii) organizational strategies; iii) governance structure. This paper should be viewed as a first attempt to build knowledge about emerging, or already well-established, social enterprise models in Japan. This, in turn, could foster international comparative analysis between Japan and other developed countries.
XL to XXL: Seeking Solutions for Transport, Exhibition and Storage of Charles Le Brun’s Cartoons
Authors: Dubard Valentine , Kasprzak Charlotte 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The exhibition of 75 cartoons by Charles Le Brun (1619–1690) in Madrid and Barcelona scheduled for March 2016 offered a good opportunity to discuss the collection’s overall condition which was at that point very heterogeneous. Several solutions for storage and transport will be introduced in the article. Cartoons which had already been lined on canvas and stretched on auto-tensor frames were inserted into movement, storage and transport boxes adapted to the needs of a graphic art collection. Cartoons which had been already mounted on cardboard were additionally protected by covers with spacers. For cartoons which had remained rolled since they have entered the collection in 1690, specially customized portfolios were designed for transport and storage using a wooden grid frame to obtain a very light, but rigid support. The creation of prototypes allowed us to refine the portfolio’s design little by little.
Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging processing techniques in stroke studies
Authors: Mirzaei Golrokh , Adeli Hojjat 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In recent years, there has been considerable research interest in the study of brain connectivity using the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). Studies have explored the brain networks and connection between different brain regions. These studies have revealed interesting new findings about the brain mapping as well as important new insights in the overall organization of functional communication in the brain network. In this paper, after a general discussion of brain networks and connectivity imaging, the brain connectivity and resting state networks are described with a focus on rsfMRI imaging in stroke studies. Then, techniques for preprocessing of the rsfMRI for stroke patients are reviewed, followed by brain connectivity processing techniques. Recent research on brain connectivity using rsfMRI is reviewed with an emphasis on stroke studies. The authors hope this paper generates further interest in this emerging area of computational neuroscience with potential applications in rehabilitation of stroke patients.
Aut liberi aut libri? Arbeitsbedingungen und -zufriedenheit des religionswissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses in Deutschland
Authors: Eufinger Veronika , Jelinek-Menke Ramona , Neumaier Anna 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungDie Arbeitsbedingungen und -zufriedenheit des religionswissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses, d. h. all derer, die, ohne auf eine Professur berufen zu sein, religionswissenschaftlich forschen und arbeiten, wurden bislang kaum untersucht. Der Arbeitskreis Mittelbau und Nachwuchs (AKMN) der Deutschen Vereinigung für Religionswissenschaft (DVRW) hat im Sommer 2015 eine statistische Erhebung durchgeführt, um diese Lücke zu schließen. Auf der Grundlage der Umfrageergebnisse werden in diesem Beitrag zunächst die Arbeitsbedingungen und ihre Auswirkungen auf berufliche Perspektiven und persönliche Lebensumstände der betreffenden Personengruppe beschrieben. An diese Darstellung schließen sich Anregungen für die zukünftige Gestaltung religionswissenschaftlicher Arbeit im Kontext von Forschungsinstitutionen, insbesondere Universitäten, an.
The Kepler tiling as the oldest complex surface structure in history: X-ray structure analysis of a two-dimensional oxide quasicrystal approximant
Authors: Roy Sumalay , Mohseni Katayoon , Förster Stefan , Trautmann Martin , Schumann Florian , Zollner Eva , Meyerheim Holger , Widdra Wolf 
Published: November 2016

Abstract:
We have carried out a surface X-ray diffraction (SXRD) analysis of the approximant structure related to the recently discovered two-dimensional dodecagonal oxidic quasicrystal. The structure is characterized by the 32.4.3.4 Archimedean tiling, first described by Kepler in 1619. The tiling network is related to titanium atoms observed as protrusions in scanning tunneling microscopy images. All four titanium atoms within one two-dimensional unit cell (a0=13.1 Å, b0=12.9 Å, γ=90.5°) are surrounded by three oxygen atoms. The TiO3 units are separated by barium atoms. The total stoichiometry is given by Ba4 Ti4 O10.
Electronic Polarisability of NaNO2–NaNO3 and NaOH–NaNO3 Ionic Melts and Effective Ionic Radius of OH－
Authors: Iwadate Yasuhiko , Ohnishi Ryosuke , Ohkubo Takahiro 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Molar volumes and refractive indexes of molten NaNO2–NaNO3 and NaOH–NaNO3 systems were measured by dilatometry and goniometry, respectively. The molar volumes of both systems increased with increasing temperature. Refractive indexes decreased with a rise of temperature or with increasing wavelength of the incident visible light. Assuming that the electronic polarisability is inherent in an ion, the electronic polarisability of a OH－ ion in the melt was estimated from the Lorentz–Lorenz equation to be 1.26×10−30 m3, being comparable with that in the crystal. The effective ionic radius of a OH－ ion was evaluated from the obtained electronic polarisability to be 1.34×10−10 m, using the correlation between the third power of the ionic radius and the electronic polarisability of an ion so far reported. The effective ionic radius obtained in this work was in good agreement with that assigned by Shannon.
“Quasi industre giardiniero”
Authors: Gavito Cory M. 
Published: November 2016

Among the roughly 150 Italian songbooks published between 1610 and 1665 with the guitar tablature known as alfabeto, about thirteen are anthologies. These anthologies often advertise the role of a compiler who has gathered together music by diverse authors. The extent to which compilers also functioned as authors and editors is not well understood. This essay considers the case of Giovanni Stefani, a compiler who, in the preface to his Scherzi amorosi of 1622, describes the anthology as a collection of his choosing that contains “varie compositioni de Virtuosi della prima classe” (various compositions of first-class virtuosos). Intriguingly, none of the settings Stefani prints (in both this alfabeto anthology and two others) include attributions.
Since the 1880s, scholars have been preoccupied with matters of transmission and attribution, unearthing a network of textual and musical concordances. This article expands the nexus of Stefani’s songs and their concordant sources, revealing an array of examples that range from identical copies to “partial” concordances that take over motives, phrases, refrains, or harmonic schemes. These examples indicate that in preparing his anthologies, Stefani mined a corpus of existing prints and manuscripts while also relying heavily on oral transmission. The complex nature of Stefani’s approach, taken together with his complete avoidance of composer attributions, points toward an editorial process shaped by a fluid exchange between oral and written musical practices.
Preschool ADHD Diagnosis and Stimulant Use Before and After the 2011 AAP Practice Guideline
Authors: Fiks Alexander G. , Ross Michelle E. , Mayne Stephanie L. , Song Lihai , Liu Weiwei , Steffes Jennifer , McCarn Banita , Grundmeier Robert W. , Localio A. Russell , Wasserman Richard 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the change in the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and prescribing of stimulants to children 4 to 5 years old after release of the 2011 American Academy of Pediatrics guideline.

METHODS:
Electronic health record data were extracted from 63 primary care practices. We included preventive visits from children 48 to 72 months old receiving care from January 2008 to July 2014. We compared rates of ADHD diagnosis and stimulant prescribing before and after guideline release using logistic regression with a spline and clustering by practice. Patterns of change (increase, decrease, no change) were described for each practice.

RESULTS:
Among 87 067 children with 118 957 visits before the guideline and 56 814 with 92 601 visits after the guideline, children had an ADHD diagnosis at 0.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7% to 0.8%) of visits before and 0.9% (95% CI, 0.8% to 0.9%) after guideline release and had stimulant prescriptions at 0.4% (95% CI, 0.4% to 0.4%) of visits in both periods. A significantly increasing preguideline trend in ADHD diagnosis ended after guideline release. The rate of stimulant medication use remained constant before and after guideline release. Patterns of change from before to after the guideline varied significantly across practices.

CONCLUSIONS:
Release of the 2011 guideline that addressed ADHD in preschoolers was associated with the end of an increasing rate of diagnosis, and the rate of prescribing stimulants remained constant. These are reassuring results given that a standardized approach to diagnosis was recommended and stimulant treatment is not first-line therapy for this age group.
Regulation of in vitro morphogenesis in maize inbreds of the Lancaster group
Authors: Derkach K. V. , Abraimova O. E. , Satarova T. M. 
Published: November 2016

The aim of this work is the comparative evaluation of the influence of physiologically active substances (PAS) on the ratio of morphogenesis types in vitro and plant regeneration in callus tissues of maize inbreds of the Lancaster heterotic group. Lancaster inbreds of Ukrainian selection DК267, DК6080 and DК298 and lines PLS61, A188 and Chi31 of foreign selection which represented eponymous heterotic groups were selected for into the research. For callusogenesis induction immature embryos of 1.0–1.5 mm in length were planted on a modified N6 medium with 30 g/l sucrose. For regeneration the 30-day callus tissue was transplanted to a modified MS medium containing 20 g/l sucrose and various PAS: 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.1 mg/l) or indolylbutyric acid (IBA) (1.0 mg/l), or cefotaxime (CT) (150 mg/l). Morphogenesis and plant regeneration were obtained in callus tissue by organogenesis through the formation of leaf-like structures or shoots only without roots (hemmogenesis) and by embryogenesis through the development of embryos with the cooperative laying of the apexes of the shoot and the root. The predominant type of in vitro morphogenesis in both groups of genotypes was organogenesis. A tendency to increasing the embryogenesis level among Lancaster inbreds in comparison with the other investigated groups was observed. A certain tendency to increase the level of embryogenesis on a medium for regeneration with IBA, compared to other PAS, was marked. So, for the Lancaster group the embryogenesis level on the medium with IBA was 33.3%, while for the other investigated genotypes it was about 10.3%. Regeneration frequency was 45.8 plantlets/100 calli for Lancaster inbred DК298, 42.2 plantlets/100 calli for DК267 and 5.6 plantlets/100 calli for DК6080. Regeneration frequency of inbred PLS61 was 204.0 plantlets/100 calli, 100.0 plantlets/100 calli for Chi31 and 11.1 plantlets/100 calli for А188. Observed reductions in capacityfor plant regeneration of Lancaster inbreds may have been due to their pedigree. These inbreds belong to the commercial heterotic group that was not specially selected for increased regenerative ability, unlike the model inbreds of other heterotic groups. Overall, the level of regeneration frequency in the Lancaster group was 44.8 plantlets/100 calli on the medium under BAP, 41.4 plantlets/100 calli under IBA, and 20.7 plantlets/100 calli with CT. In general, the level of regeneration frequency for non-Lancaster heterotic groups reached 89.7 plantlets/100 calli on the medium with BAP, 96.7 plantlets/100 calli under IBA, and 93.1 plantlets/100 calli under CT. To enhance embryogenesis and frequency of regeneration for maize inbreds of the Lancaster group 30 g/l sucrose in the callusogenesis medium and physiologically active substance indolylbutyric acid (1.0 mg/l) in the medium for regeneration can be recommended.
Aggressive behaviour of Robins Erithacus rubecula (Passeriformes, Muscicapidae) at watering places in the forest steppe zone of Ukraine
Authors: Markova A. O. 
Published: November 2016

283 The purpose of this research was to study interspecific and intra-specific aggressive reactions of Robins (Erithacus rubecula L.) at watering places in natural and anthropogenically pressured areas. The study took place in Kaniv Nature Reserve, Cherkassy region, in May-June 2010, 2012 and 2014 and the state dendrology park “Oleksandriya” of the National Academy of Science in Bila Tserkva. The observation of the birds’ behavior was performed using the ethological methods of “total observation” and “continuous logging”. In order to calculate the critical distance at which a bird shows aggression, the watering areas studied were divided into 1 x 1 m squares. It was found that aggressive intersspecific actions of Robins were more frequent in the natural habitat of Kaniv Reserve while intraspecific aggression was more frequent in the dendrology park. It was noticed that Robins responded aggressively to 12 species of birds in the Kaniv Natur Reserve site. Those species were: Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos), Blackbird (T. merula), Great Tit (Parus major), BlueTit (P. caeruleus), Marsh Tit (P. palustris), Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs), Hawfinch (Coccothraustes coccothraustes), Icterine Warbler (Hippolais icterina), Wood Warbler (Phylloscopus sibilatrix), Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla), Collared Flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) and Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa striata). Most often, aggression was directed to individuals that were already at a watering place rather than birds which arrived after the Robins. Besides, Robins frequently initiate aggressive relations. An inverse correlation of aggressive acts and the size parameters of the species, which were objects of Robins’ aggression, was observed. A success rating of Robins’ defence and attack in aggressive relations in Kaniv Nature Reserve was established: Robins were always successful in protecting its territory or attacking an Icterine Warbler and Chiffchaff, and always fails in defending agianst or attacking a Blackbird. The rating in contact with Spotted Flycatcher was zero. The critical distance of aggressive behaviour in intraspecific contacts at watering places was 40–50 cm, while for interspecific contacts it varied from5 cm to2 m. Our research emphasizes the importance of long-term research and multivariate approaches for understanding the complexity of dominance relations in birds.
Water metabolism of leaves of Quercus robur in antierosion stands in the south of its range
Authors: Bessonova V. P. , Tkach V. V. , Kryvoruchko A. P. 
Published: November 2016

We have investigated the main parameters of water exchange in leaves of Quercus robur L. which grow on the south-facing slope of the Viyskoviy ravine in a variety of water supply conditions. We established that the greatest intensity of transpiration of leaves of Q. robur occurred in the forest vegetation conditions of SG2, the smallest in SG1–0. In all study periods the largest amplitude of daily fluctuations in intensity of transpiration occurred in leaves of plants along the talweg, at other test sites the limits were much lower. The highest rates of transpiration were in September, which is connected with the high temperatures and lower relative air humidity compared with the days of measurement in July and May. We established that at the beginning of the growing season there was no difference in the total amount of water in the leaves of the trees that grow on the middle and upper parts of the slope, but that it was greater in plants along the talweg. In the following months the difference between the water content in the leaves of trees along the talweg and upper third of the slope increased. The leaves of trees that grow in the poorest conditions of water supply were characterized by the highest water-holding capacity, which is coordinated with their containing the highest content of hydrophilic colloids. The values for water deficit in May and in July fell within the maximum fluctuations for the species studied, but in early September they exceeded the maximum value in the leaves of trees on the upper third of the slope.
Soil water regime and crop yields in relation to various technologies of cultivation in the Kulunda Steppe (Altai Krai)
Authors: Beliaev V. , Meinel T. , Grunwald L. , Schmidt G. , Bondarovich A. A. , Scherbinin V. V. , Ponkina E. V. , Matsyura A. V. , Stephan E. , Illiger P. , Kozhanov N. A. , Rudev N. V. 
Published: November 2016

This article presents the results of crop yield in areas with different technologies of cultivation based on the network of automatic stations that provide data on climatic and soil-hydrological monitoring in the dry steppe during the vegetation period of May–September 2013–2016 . These data on regional ecological and climatic parameters are of great interest to the ecologists, plant physiologists, and farmers working in the Kulunda Plain (Altai Territory). We compared the following options for cropping technologies: the modern system, which is the "no-till", technology without autumn tillage;the intensive technology of deep autumn tillage by plough PG-3-5 at a depth of 22–24 cm. Cultivation of crops was carried out using the following scheme of crop rotation: the modern system: 1–2–3–4 (wheat – peas – wheat – rape); the intensive system: 5/6 – 7/8 – 9/10 (fallow – wheat – wheat). We believe that the use of modern technology in these conditions is better due to exchange between the different layers of soil. When the ordinary Soviet system , the so-called "plow sole" , was used , at a depth of 24 cm , we observed that this creates a water conductivity barrier that seems to preclude the possibility of lifting water from the lower horizons. Results of the study of infiltration of soil moisture at the depth of 30 and 60 cm have shown in some years the advantages of the modern technology over the ordinary Soviet system: in the version with the use of modern technology we can trace better exchange between the various horizons and , probably, moisture replenishment from the lower horizons. Differences in individual observation periods are comparatively large due to the redistribution of soil moisture, depending on the weather conditions, the crops used in the crop rotations, and cultivation techniques. Moreover, the average moisture reserves within the one meter layer did not show any significant differences during the growing seasons of 2013–2016 . In terms of soil moisture usage and productive grain yield according to the four year experiment, the application of the modern technology with crop rotation "wheat – rape – wheat – peas" was more effective than the ordinary Soviet system with crop rotation "wheat – fallow – wheat – wheat". The four-year observation period is clearly insufficient to identify the advantages of the modern system, as during this time it is impossible to significantly improve soil quality indicators, which will continue to determine its water-retaining properties and moisture accumulation.