bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends and Outcomes After Same-Day Discharge After Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Authors: Agarwal Shikhar , Thakkar Badal , Skelding Kimberly A. , Blankenship James C. 
Published: August 2017

Background—
Despite the demonstrated safety of the same-day discharge (SDD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), uptake of this program has been relatively poor in the United States. We evaluated the temporal trends and variations in the utilization of SDD after PCI during the contemporary era. In addition, we evaluated the predictors of SDD (compared with next-day discharge) and the causes of readmission in these 2 patient cohorts.

Methods and Results—

Data were extracted from State Ambulatory Surgical Database and State Inpatient Database from Florida and New York ranging from 2009 to 2013. All adults undergoing PCI in an outpatient setting were included. Data were merged with the directory available from the American Hospital Association to obtain detailed information on hospital-related characteristics. Unplanned readmissions within 7 and 30 days constituted the coprimary outcomes. There was modest increase in the proportion of SDD after PCI from 2.5% in 2009 to 7.4% in 2013 (
P
-trend <0.001). SDD was more frequently used among male and younger patients with fewer comorbidities. There were considerable differences in the discharge practices among the different hospital types. Larger hospitals, teaching hospitals, and high PCI volume hospitals had higher utilization of SDD compared with their respective counterparts. SDD and next-day discharge cohorts had similar rates of unplanned readmissions, in-hospital mortality, and acute myocardial infarction during follow-up. Furthermore, uninsured patients had significantly lower odds of SDD along with higher incidence of unplanned readmission within 30 days after PCI compared with insured patients.

Conclusions—
During 2009 to 2013, there has been a modest increase in SDD after PCI. Several demographic and clinical characteristics play critical role in determination of SDD after PCI. There were significant disparities in discharge practices between different sex, racial, and insurance-based strata.
Krüppel-Like Factor 4 Regulation of Cholesterol-25-Hydroxylase and Liver X Receptor Mitigates Atherosclerosis Susceptibility
Authors: Li Zhao , Martin Marcy , Zhang Jin , Huang Hsi-Yuan , Bai Liang , Zhang Jiao , Kang Jian , He Ming , Li Jie , Maurya Mano R. , Gupta Shakti , Zhou Guangjin , Sangwung Panjamaporn , Xu Yong-Jiang , Lei Ting , Huang Hsien-Da , Jain Mohit , Jain Mukesh K. , Subramaniam Shankar , Shyy John Y.-J. 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Atherosclerosis is a multifaceted inflammatory disease involving cells in the vascular wall (eg, endothelial cells [ECs]), as well as circulating and resident immunogenic cells (eg, monocytes/macrophages). Acting as a ligand for liver X receptor (LXR), but an inhibitor of SREBP2 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2), 25-hydroxycholesterol, and its catalyzing enzyme cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (Ch25h) are important in regulating cellular inflammatory status and cholesterol biosynthesis in both ECs and monocytes/macrophages.

Methods:
Bioinformatic analyses were used to investigate RNA-sequencing data to identify cholesterol oxidation and efflux genes regulated by Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4). In vitro experiments involving cultured ECs and macrophages and in vivo methods involving mice with Ch25h ablation were then used to explore the atheroprotective role of KLF4-Ch25h/LXR.

Results:

Vasoprotective stimuli increased the expression of Ch25h and LXR via KLF4. The KLF4-Ch25h/LXR homeostatic axis functions through suppressing inflammation, evidenced by the reduction of inflammasome activity in ECs and the promotion of M1 to M2 phenotypic transition in macrophages. The increased atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E
–/–
/Ch25h
–/–
mice further demonstrates the beneficial role of the KLF4-Ch25h/LXR axis in vascular function and disease.

Conclusions:
KLF4 transactivates Ch25h and LXR, thereby promoting the synergistic effects between ECs and macrophages to protect against atherosclerosis susceptibility.
Exploring the Usability of Probabilistic Weather Forecasts for Water Resources Decision-Making in the United Kingdom
Authors: Lopez Ana , Haines Sophie 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Over the last two decades, probabilistic weather forecasts have been developed to quantify the uncertainties inherent in modeling the climate system. The skill of these forecasts has steadily increased, but the question of whether they are usable for water resources management remains open. The interdisciplinary study described in this paper combined a modeling approach with qualitative methods to identify technical and nontechnical factors that enhance or constrain the usability of probabilistic weather forecasts for reservoir management, using a case study of drought management decision-making by a water supply company in northwestern England.
The modeling approach calibrated and applied probabilistic medium- and extended-range precipitation forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) to a simplified water resources system to study the technical quality of the forecasts that, in principle, could have informed management decisions during a drought event in 2010. The qualitative approach comprised initial semistructured interviews with water managers and regulators and follow-up discussions using the model experiment results to elicit further insights into the potential for incorporating probabilistic forecast information into decision-making processes.
The technical analysis showed that even these postprocessed forecasts did not have skill beyond the medium range; this constrains the type of management decisions the forecasts can inform. Regulatory frameworks and attitudes to risk in the water sector also inhibit the take-up of probabilistic forecasts for drought management decisions owing to the high stakes of such decisions and considerations spanning entire water resource zones.
Athletic identity and psychiatric symptoms following retirement from varsity sports
Authors: Giannone Zarina A , Haney Colleen J , Kealy David , Ogrodniczuk John S 
Published: August 2017

Background: Despite evidence identifying adjustment difficulties among retiring athletes, research investigating factors that contribute to post-retirement complications is limited. Athletic identity may be an important determinant of adverse adaptation to sport retirement. Aims: The purpose of this study was to address the influence of athletic identity on post-retirement depression and anxiety symptoms among varsity athletes. Method: An anonymous, online survey regarding athletic identity and psychiatric symptoms was completed by 72 self-identified varsity athletes during their final season of competition and 3 months after retiring from sport. Results: After controlling for the effects of pre-retirement anxiety symptoms, endorsement of an athletic identity significantly predicted anxiety symptoms in the post-retirement period. A similar, but non-significant, pattern was observed for depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that athletes’ degree of athletic identity may be a risk factor for the emergence of psychiatric distress in the months following their retirement from sport. Identity-focused screening or intervention during athletes’ sport careers could potentially mitigate some of the psychological difficulties associated with sport retirement.
International survey on the perioperative management of pulmonary endarterectomy: the perfusion perspective
Authors: Stanzel Roger D.P. , Gehron Johannes , Wolff Matthias , Striegl Natalie , Roth Peter , Boedeker Rolf-Hasso , Scheibelhut Christine , Herrmann Johannes , Welters Ingeborg , Mayer Eckhard , Scheffler Matthias 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is the most effective treatment available for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Patient selection, surgical technique and perioperative management have improved patient outcomes, which are traditionally linked to surgical and center experience. However, optimal perfusion care has not been well defined. The goal of the international survey was to better characterize the contemporary perfusion management of PEA and highlight similarities and controversies. Method: The combined caseload of 15 participating centers was 5,066 cases. Topics queried included materials and types of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) equipment, choice of prime, fluid management, deep hypothermia strategy, temperature management, treatment of acid-base abnormalities and intraoperative hematocrit as well as anticoagulation management for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Our assessment could provide a base for further advancement and may help design future studies to elucidate the impact of perfusion in this challenging field.
Association between circulating leptin levels and systemic lupus erythematosus: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Y H , Song G G 
Published: August 2017

Objective We aimed to evaluate the relationship between circulating leptin levels and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases were searched. Meta-analyses were performed comparing serum/plasma leptin levels in patients with SLE and healthy controls, and on patients with SLE in subgroups based on ethnicity, sample size, data type, and matched variables (age, sex, and/or body mass index (BMI)). Results Eighteen studies including 1333 patients with SLE and 1048 controls were ultimately selected, which showed that leptin levels were significantly higher in the SLE group than in the control group (SMD = 0.611, 95% CI = 0.275–0.947, p < 0.001). When we excluded two outlier studies because of high heterogeneity, leptin levels were also significantly higher in the SLE group than in the control group (SMD = 0.619, 95% CI = 0.431–0.807, p < 0.001). Stratification by ethnicity showed significantly elevated leptin levels in the SLE group in European, Asian, Arab, Latin American, and mixed populations. Subgroup analysis by sample size showed significantly higher leptin levels in the SLE group by small ( n ≤ 100) and large sample numbers ( n > 100) (SMD = 0.780, 95% CI = 0.445–1.115, p < 0.001; SMD = 0.495, 95% CI = 0.275–0.715, p < 0.001). Stratification by data type revealed significantly higher leptin levels in the original data and imputed data groups. Subgroup analysis adjustment revealed significantly higher leptin levels in the SLE group, regardless of adjustment for variables. Conclusions Our meta-analysis demonstrated that leptin levels were significantly higher in patients with SLE, regardless of ethnicity, sample size, data type, and matched variables.
Undergraduate Dermatology Education in Canada: A National Survey
Authors: Hu Angela , Vender Ron 
Published: August 2017

Background: Canadian dermatology curriculum was reviewed in 1983, 1987, 1996, and 2008. All these surveys highlighted the disproportionately low level of dermatology teaching in relation to the significant amount of skin disease seen by physicians. Since the official adoption and dissemination of the Canadian Professors of Dermatology (CPD) core curriculum and competencies, there has been no assessment of how these changes have influenced dermatology curriculum. Objective: This survey gathered information on the current status of undergraduate dermatology education across Canadian medical schools. Methods: A survey was sent electronically to all undergraduate dermatology directors at each of the 17 Canadian medical schools. Results: Between 2008 and 2017, dermatology teaching has increased 25% to 25.6 ± 17.2 hours of teaching. However, 75% of this teaching is delivered in preclinical years. The number of faculty members, both dermatologists and nondermatologists, has also increased. A growing number of schools are now using electronic formats of teaching. Most schools (59%) are covering all the CPD core curriculum topics. Conclusion: Dermatology education is demonstrating positive trends with regards to teaching hours and faculty members. Nevertheless, a more even distribution of content so that students have increased clinical exposure should be achieved. Furthermore, an online atlas of resources would be helpful in standardising curriculum.
Do ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 reflect the severity of coronary artery disease?
Authors: Goenka Luxitaa , George Melvin , Singh Vishakha , Jena Amrita , Seshadri Deepika , Karunakaran Vasanth , Elumalai Dhandapani Vellala , Rani Jamuna , Kaliappan Ilango 
Published: August 2017

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. We thereby sought to investigate whether the biomarkers, angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL-4) and galectin-3, reflect the severity of CAD. Methods: Patients were screened based on inclusion/exclusion criteria and written informed consent was obtained from the patients. Serum ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and correlated with the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) and GENSINI score using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 226 patients consisting of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI/unstable angina (USA), chronic stable angina (CSA) and normal controls (NCs) participated in the study. ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 were significantly higher in CAD than the NC group. ANGPTL-4 showed significant negative correlation with GRACE score in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) ( r = −0.211, p = 0.03) patients. ANGPTL-4 showed significant positive correlation with serum creatinine ( r = 0.304, p = 0.056) and body mass index (BMI) ( r = 0.424, p = 0.009) in CSA patients. A modest positive correlation was observed between the serum galectin-3 levels and GRACE score ( r = 0.187, p = 0.055) in ACS patients. However, on multivariate analysis the positive correlation relationship between ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 with the severity of CAD was not sustained. Conclusion: In conclusion, ANGPTL-4 and galectin-3 do not appear to have a promising role for assessing the severity of CAD. Nevertheless these biomarkers do warrant further exploration in improving the management of CAD.
Bony Morphology of Femoroacetabular Impingement in Young Female Dancers and Single-Sport Athletes
Authors: Fraser Joana L. , Sugimoto Dai , Yen Yi-Meng , d’Hemecourt Pierre A. , Stracciolini Andrea 
Published: August 2017

Background: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a painful and limiting condition of the hip that is often seen in young athletes. Previous studies have reported a higher prevalence of this disorder in male athletes, but data on the structural morphology of adolescent and young adult female athletes, specifically those involved in dance, are lacking. Purpose: (1) To investigate the radiographic morphology of FAI deformities in adolescent and young adult female single-sport dance and nondance athletes and (2) to examine the differences in the radiographic findings between these 2 groups. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 56 female single-sport athletes 10 to 21 years of age with a diagnosis of FAI within a single-sports medicine division of a pediatric academic medical center was performed. Acetabular index (AI), lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), crossover sign, and ischial spine sign were measured bilaterally on anteroposterior radiographs; alpha angle (AA) was measured on lateral films, and anterior center-edge angle (ACEA) was measured on false-profile films. Independent t tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare mean angle measurements between dance and nondance athletes. Dichotomized categorical variables and crossover and ischial spine signs were analyzed between dance and nondance athletes by applying a chi-square test. Statistical significance was set as P < .05 a priori. Results: Significant differences in angle measurements were noted. AA was significantly lower in the dancers compared with the nondance athlete group (49.5° ± 6.0° vs 53.9° ± 7.3°, P = .001). The LCEA and ACEA of dance athletes were significantly greater compared with nondance athletes (33.8° ± 6.7° vs 30.9° ± 5.8° [ P = .016] and 36.0° ± 8.1° vs 32.3° ± 7.0° [ P = .035], respectively). No significant difference in AI was seen between the 2 cohorts (5.0° ± 4.0° for dancers vs 5.9° ± 3.4° for nondancers, P = .195). Conclusion: Significant differences existed in the radiographic bony morphology of young female single-sport dance athletes compared with nondance athletes with FAI. In dance athletes, symptoms were seen in the setting of normal bony morphology.
Metastasis-Free Survival Is a Strong Surrogate of Overall Survival in Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Xie Wanling , Regan Meredith M. , Buyse Marc , Halabi Susan , Kantoff Philip W. , Sartor Oliver , Soule Howard , Clarke Noel W. , Collette Laurence , Dignam James J. , Fizazi Karim , Paruleker Wendy R. , Sandler Howard M. , Sydes Matthew R. , Tombal Bertrand , Williams Scott G. , Sweeney Christopher J. ,   on behalf of the ICECaP Working Group
Published: August 2017

Purpose Adjuvant therapy for intermediate-risk and high-risk localized prostate cancer decreases the number of deaths from this disease. Surrogates for overall survival (OS) could expedite the evaluation of new adjuvant therapies. Methods By June 2013, 102 completed or ongoing randomized trials were identified and individual patient data were collected from 28 trials with 28,905 patients. Disease-free survival (DFS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS) were determined for 21,140 patients from 24 trials and 12,712 patients from 19 trials, respectively. We evaluated the surrogacy of DFS and MFS for OS by using a two-stage meta-analytic validation model by determining the correlation of an intermediate clinical end point with OS and the correlation of treatment effects on both the intermediate clinical end point and OS. Results Trials enrolled patients from 1987 to 2011. After a median follow-up of 10 years, 45% of 21,140 men and 45% of 12,712 men experienced a DFS and MFS event, respectively. For DFS and MFS, 61% and 90% of the patients, respectively, were from radiation trials, and 63% and 66%, respectively, had high-risk disease. At the patient level, Kendall’s τ correlation with OS was 0.85 and 0.91 for DFS and MFS, respectively. At the trial level, R2 was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78 to 0.90) and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.88) from weighted linear regression of 8-year OS rates versus 5-year DFS and MFS rates, respectively. Treatment effects—measured by log hazard ratios—for the surrogates and OS were well correlated ( R2, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.53 to 0.82] for DFS and 0.92 [95% CI, 0.81 to 0.95] for MFS). Conclusion MFS is a strong surrogate for OS for localized prostate cancer that is associated with a significant risk of death from prostate cancer.
Iron affects Ire1 clustering propensity and the amplitude of endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling
Authors: Cohen Nir , Breker Michal , Bakunts Anush , Pesek Kristina , Chas Ainara , Argemí Josepmaria , Orsi Andrea , Gal Lihi , Chuartzman Silvia , Wigelman Yoav , Jonas Felix , Walter Peter , Ernst Robert , Aragón Tomás , van Anken Eelco , Schuldiner Maya 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
The unfolded protein response (UPR) allows cells to adjust secretory pathway capacity according to need. Ire1, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor and central activator of the UPR is conserved from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to humans. Under ER stress conditions, Ire1 clusters into foci that enable optimal UPR activation. To discover factors that affect Ire1 clustering, we performed a high-content screen using a whole-genome yeast mutant library expressing Ire1–mCherry. We imaged the strains following UPR induction and found 154 strains that displayed alterations in Ire1 clustering. The hits were enriched for iron and heme effectors and binding proteins. By performing pharmacological depletion and repletion, we confirmed that iron (Fe3+) affects UPR activation in both yeast and human cells. We suggest that Ire1 clustering propensity depends on membrane composition, which is governed by heme-dependent biosynthesis of sterols. Our findings highlight the diverse cellular functions that feed into the UPR and emphasize the cross-talk between organelles required to concertedly maintain homeostasis.
Understanding biofilm in practice: a global survey of health professionals
Authors: Swanson T. , Wolcott R.D. , Wallis H. , Woodmansey E.J. 
Published: August 2017

Objective: The aim of this survey was to examine health professionals' views and practices relating to biofilm in chronic wounds. Method: A global online survey was conducted to assess the current understanding of biofilm and wound management practices. The survey consisted of 20 questions designed to evaluate health professional knowledge of biofilm, perception and understanding of biofilm behaviour, detection and diagnosis, and treatment. Respondents were classified as ‘specialists’ if wounds were their primary focus and they developed protocols and determined formularies. Respondents were classified as ‘generalists’ if wounds were part of multiple indications they treat and they were able to choose wound care products from a restricted list of products. The Pearson's chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used to assess whether the responses were independent of the clinician role, health-care setting and country. Results: Overall, 3011 health professionals took part in the survey, of which 397 were excluded or disqualified. Of the remaining 2614 respondents, 1223 (46.8%) completed the entire survey. Although the majority of health professionals were aware of biofilm, knowledge gaps regarding its prevalence in chronic wounds were evident. In general, the majority indicated that they understood that biofilm is detrimental to wound healing. With the exception of wound stalling, there was a lack of consensus on other clinical signs in the detection and diagnosis of biofilm. Knowledge gaps were also evident over the treatment of biofilm and the efficacy of antimicrobial treatments, debridement and wound dressing. Conclusion: Our results show that though there is a broad recognition of biofilm and its possible role in chronic wounds, there is still a need to educate and increase knowledge on recognition and treatment of biofilm.
Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas exhibit antimicrobial properties against critical bacteria and yeast species
Authors: Wiegand C. , Fink S. , Hipler U-C , Beier O. , Horn K. , Pfuch A. , Schimanski A. , Grünler B. 
Published: August 2017

Objective: Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPPs) have been used to sterilise implant materials and other thermally unstable medical products and to modify chemical surfaces. This study investigates the antimicrobial effect of the gas and input power used to generate CAPPs on microorganisms causing skin infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Malassezia pachydermatis. Method: Microorganisms were cultivated on Mueller Hinton 2 (MH2) agar plates. CAPP treatment was performed using the Plasma BLASTER MEF. To investigate the antimicrobial effects the following CAPP parameters were varied: the gas used, input power, as well as number of treatments and treatment time. Results: The antimicrobial efficacy of the CAPPs was found to increase with increasing input power and treatment time (or cycles). Furthermore the plasma generated from nitrogen is more effective than from air. Conclusion: The study showed that CAPPs demonstrate strong bactericidal and fungicidal properties in vitro. The selective application of CAPPs for the treatment of wound infections may offer a promising supplementary tool alongside current therapies.