bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic evidence of adaptive evolution in emergent Vibrio parahaemolyticus ecotypes
Authors: Turner Jeffrey W. , Berthiaume Chris T. , Morales Rhonda , Armbrust E. Virginia , Strom Mark S. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The ubiquitous marine bacterium Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a leading cause of illness associated with seafood consumption. The emergence of two genetically distinct ecotypes (ST3 and ST36) has led to an alarming increase in the size and frequency of disease outbreaks. We conducted a genomic comparison of 30 V. parahaemolyticus genomes that represent a diverse collection of 15 genetically distinct ecotypes, including newly sequenced representatives of ST3 and ST36, isolated from both clinical and environmental sources. A multistep evolutionary analysis showed that genes associated with sensing and responding to environmental stimuli have evolved under positive selection, identifying examples of convergent evolution between ST3 and ST36. A comparison of predicted proteomes indicated that ST3 and ST36 ecotypes laterally acquired tens of novel genes associated with a variety of functions including dormancy, homeostasis and membrane transport. Genes identified in this study play an apparent role in environmental fitness and may confer cross protection against stressors encountered in the human host. Together, these results show the evolution of stress response is an important genetic mechanism correlated with the recent emergence of the ST3 and ST36 ecotypes.
Early progressive mobilisation following acute subarachnoid or subdural haemorrhage: An observational pilot study
Authors: O'Shea Kristie , Stiller Kathy 
Published: July 2016

Background/Aims: There is little research regarding early mobilisation following non-traumatic acute subarachnoid (SAH) or subdural haemorrhage (SDH). The aim of this prospective observational study was to document the feasibility and safety of our usual practice regarding the early progressive mobilisation of patients following acute SAH or SDH. Method: Mobilisation was defined as sitting on the edge of the bed or greater. All participants were screened regarding their suitability for mobilisation to commence/continue. Results: Fifty participants were included: 42 mobilised at least once as part of their physiotherapy intervention. The 50 participants received a total of 373 physiotherapy sessions, with mobilisation occurring during 50% of sessions. Neurological reasons most frequently prevented mobilisation. All 42 participants who mobilised at least once achieved the mobility milestone of sitting on the edge of the bed and 86% progressed to walking, usually by 4–5 days post-admission. Poor neurological status on admission was associated with delayed achievement of mobility milestones. Adverse events associated with mobilisation were infrequent (1.6%), transient and self-limiting. Conclusion: Following appropriate screening, early progressive mobilisation of patients following non-traumatic acute SAH or SDH was feasible and safe. Further research is required to confirm its safety and benefits, and establish the most effective dose.
Pain recognition in reptiles and investigation of associated behavioural signs
Authors: Ayers Hayley 
Published: July 2016

Background: There is minimal research into reptile pain management and analgesic protocols, and current opinions surrounding this topic are outdated; the last significant study was carried out by Read in 2004. The aim of this current study was to consider the current ideas and highlight any advancements in reptile analgesia. Objective: To investigate current ideas within analgesia in reptiles, with focus on the creation of a behavioural ethogram for clinical reference. Methods: A survey was created using an online platform and distributed to experts in the field of reptile pain management (veterinarians and veterinary nurses) as well as experienced animal carers (herpetoculturists and pet owners). Results: A chi-square test revealed no statistical significance in behavioural signs recognised between veterinary professionals and animal carers. Continuity existed between the behavioural signs recognised by both expert groups. Conclusion: A lack of confidence was identified when assessing pain in reptiles. The top three behavioural signs of pain in the three subgroups were statistically agreed on across both groups of expert individuals, indicating a good basis for a behavioural ethogram.
The medial and lateral epicondyle as a reliable landmark for intra-operative joint line determination in revision knee arthroplasty
Authors: Ozkurt B. , Sen T. , Cankaya D. , Kendir S. , Basarır K. , Tabak Y. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to develop an accurate, reliable and easily applicable method for determining the anatomical location of the joint line during revision knee arthroplasty.MethodsThe transepicondylar width (TEW), the perpendicular distance between the medial and lateral epicondyles and the distal articular surfaces (DMAD, DLAD) and the distance between the medial and lateral epicondyles and the posterior articular surfaces (PMAD, DLAD) were measured in 40 knees from 20 formalin-fixed adult cadavers (11 male and nine female; mean age at death 56.9 years, sd 9.4; 34 to 69). The ratios of the DMAD, PMAD, DLAD and PLAD to TEW were calculated.ResultsThe mean TEW, DMAD, PMAD, DLAD and PLAD were 82.76 mm (standard deviation (sd) 7.74), 28.95 mm (sd 3.3), 28.57 mm (sd 3), 23.97 mm (sd 3.27) and 24.42 mm (sd 3.14), respectively. The ratios between the TEW and the articular distances (DMAD/TEW, DLAD/TEW, PMAD/TEW and PLAD/TEW) were calculated and their means were 0.35 (sd 0.02), 0.34 (sd 0.02), 0.28 (sd 0.03) and 0.29 (sd 0.03), respectively.ConclusionThis method provides a simple, reproducible and reliable technique enabling accurate anatomical joint line restoration during revision total knee arthroplasty. Cite this article: B. Ozkurt, T. Sen, D. Cankaya, S. Kendir, K. Basarır, Y. Tabak. The medial and lateral epicondyle as a reliable landmark for intra-operative joint line determination in revision knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:280–286. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.57.BJR-2016-0002.R1.
Collecting, Integrating, and Disseminating Patient-Reported Outcomes for Research
in a Learning Healthcare System
Authors: Harle Christopher A. , Lipori Gloria , Hurley Robert W. 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: Advances in health policy, research, and information technology have
converged to increase the electronic collection and use of patient-reported outcomes
(PROs). Therefore, it is important to share lessons learned in implementing PROs in
research information systems.Case Description: The purpose of this case study is to
describe a novel information system for electronic PROs and lessons learned in
implementing that system to support research in an academic health center. The system
incorporates freely available and commercial software and involves clinical and research
workflows that support the collection, transformation, and research use of PRO data. The
software and processes that comprise the system serve three main functions, (i)
collecting electronic PROs in clinical care, (ii) integrating PRO data with non-patient
generated clinical data, and (iii) disseminating data to researchers through the
institution’s research informatics infrastructure, including the i2b2 (Informatics for
Integrating Biology and the Bedside) system.Strategies: Our successful design and
implementation was driven by three overarching strategies. First, we selected and
implemented multiple interfaced technologies to support PRO collection, management, and
research use. Second, we aimed to use standardized approaches to measuring PROs, sending
PROs between systems, and disseminating PROs. Finally, we focused on using technologies
and processes that aligned with existing clinical research information management
strategies within our organization.Conclusion: These experiences and lessons may help
future implementers and researchers enhance the scale and sustainable use of systems for
research use of PROs.
Social circus in the Arctic: Cultivating resilience
Authors: Lavers Katie , Burtt Jon 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Between 2010 and 2013, social circus instructor Jon Burtt worked on a number of social circus projects in the Arctic and the sub-Arctic in the far north of Quebec in Nunavik, a semi-autonomous region with Inuit communities dotted around the Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay coasts. In this interview, writer and circus director Katie Lavers talks to him about his experiences there, about the programme he was involved in, the Inuit youth involved and their communities, and the effect of the work on him personally.
Shaping an NHS ethics application for research with people with profound and multiple learning disabilities: Creative strategies from a participatory arts practice
Authors: Warwick Melaneia 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The call for the inclusive participation of adults with intellectual disabilities in research has been taken up by an emerging literature advocating the same opportunities for people with profound and multiple learning disabilities (PMLD). Yet, the barriers to researchers engaging with the demands and particular characteristics of the NHS ethical approval processes are well rehearsed. This can contribute to the marginalization already faced by people with PMLD, with the associated risk that the group remains under-researched. This case study explores current participatory action research utilizing inclusive arts techniques with people with PMLD. It suggests that despite the challenges, engagement with the NHS research ethics processes can be framed not as an isolated form-filling exercise but as a reflective device presenting an ongoing opportunity to gain multiple perspectives on a proposed project. It offers possibilities to collaboratively shape inclusive research design and develop an evolving consent process. It identifies the creative strategies that have contributed to successful ethical approvals and the subsequent participation of people with PMLD in cultural activities.
Evaluation of Salivary and Serum Alpha Amylase Level in Dental Caries of Adolescence
Authors: Ahmadi- Motamayel Fatemeh , Goodarzi Mohammad Taghi , Jamshidi Zohreh , Mahdavinezhad Ali , Rafieian Nasrin 
Published: July 2016

Objective: Some previous studies suggested a significant relationship between alpha- amylase, and caries formation. This study was implemented in order to investigate the interrelation between level of salivary and serum alpha- amylase and dental caries. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional investigation, un-stimulated whole saliva and serum sample was collected from 118 high school students who were divided to four groups: Caries free female (N= 28), caries active females (N=35), caries free males(N= 28) and caries active males(N= 27). Mean levels of salivary and serum alpha-amylase was assayed by spectrophotometric method to assay enzyme kinetics. Data were analyzed using student’s t-test and chi-square test. Results: The results of this study demonstrated that salivary and Serum alpha- amylase were significantly higher in caries active group as compared to carries free group(P = 0.002, P= 0.001 respectively). In addition in male groups the mean salivary and serum alpha -amylase was significantly higher in caries active as compared to caries free (P = 0.002, P = 0.02 respectively) and in female Groups the mean serum alpha- amylase was statistically significant higher in caries active as compared to caries free (P = 0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated significant association between salivary and serum alpha- amylase in adolescence with dental caries. More research should be done to demonstrate real relation between alpha amylase and dental caries.KeywordsAlpha–amylase; Dental caries; Saliva; Serum.
Incidental findings of bone alterations in temporomandibular joints in cone-beam computed tomography scans adquired for implants planning: the importance of complete field of view analysis
Authors: Lopes Sergio Lucio Pereira de Castro , Moraes Mari Eli Leonelli , Manhães Júnior Luiz Roberto Coutinho , De Assis Afonso Celso Souza , Giosa Danielle Tallia , Urbano Daniel Silveira 
Published: July 2016

Objective: to evaluate the frequency of bone alterations in temporomandibular joints (TMJ) in of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, with dental implats planning purpose. Material and Methods: 148 cone beam exames were selected from the file of the Radiology Clinic ICT UNESP. All the images were performed by Next Generation i-CAT (Imaging Sciences Ltda, Hatfield, PA, USA) scanner, using voxel of 0.20/0.25 mm and FOV of 16.0 x 13.0 cm for dental implants planning. All the images should show both (rigth and left) TMJ condyle. The TMJ condyle were reformated using TMJ protocol, with parassagital slices, perpendicular to the long axis of TMJ condyle, in order to study presence of the following bone alterations: osteophytes, erosion, flatenning, bone sclerosis and cortical thinning. Results: The results showed that 63.51% of the sample belonged to female and 36.49% to male. In addition, it was noted that the most frequent bone alterations in condyle were osteophytes (56.75%) and flatening (55.4%). The erosion was the alteration with lower frequency (0,67%). The statistic test of Mcnemar showed that there was relationship between flatening and erosion, flatening and bone sclerosis, flatening and cortical thinning, erosion and osteophytes, bone sclerosis and cortical thinning (p<0.0001), in both sides. There was no relationship between flatening and osteophytes, erosion and bone sclerosis, erosion and cortical thinning (p>0.01). Conclusion: the hight frequency of bone alterations findings in TMJ condyle was an indicator of the importance of the analysis of all the structures present in the CBCT FOV, regardless its indication.
Membrane trafficking and proteolytic activity of γ-secretase in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kanatsu Kunihiko , Tomita Taisuke 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
γ-Secretase is an intramembrane-cleaving protease that generates various forms of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) that accumulate in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. The intracellular trafficking and subcellular localization of γ-secretase are linked to both qualitative and quantitative changes in Aβ production. However, the precise intracellular localization of γ-secretase as well as its detailed regulatory mechanisms have remained elusive. Recent genetic studies on AD provide ample evidence that alteration of the subcellular localization of γ-secretase contributes to the pathogenesis of AD. Here we review our current understanding of the intracellular membrane trafficking of γ-secretase, the association between its localization and proteolytic activity, and the possibility of γ-secretase as a therapeutic target against AD.
Wearable authentication: Trends and opportunities
Authors: Bianchi Andrea , Oakley Ian 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Wearables are a rapidly emerging device category with wide-reaching use scenarios. The novel form factors and broad
potential of this technology pose new security challenges: devices are typically on and close to
a user. Furthermore, while they possess limited input and output channels, they often feature rich sensing, computing and
communication capabilities. Due to this novel context, this paper argues that researchers need to reconsider the
functional, technical and social aspects of authenticating, or securely establishing a user's identity, for wearable
devices. This paper contributes to ongoing work on this topic by reviewing wearable authentication schemes according to
the traditional classification of authentication via tokens, passwords or biometrics. The goal of this review is to
provide an illustrated overview of key advances in the area over the past decade that covers a variety of form factors
(wristbands, glasses, jewelry, etc) and modes of operation (single or multi-factor authentication, on one or multiple
devices). Finally, we tie the review together by identifying four key themes that will drive future research: the raise of
implicit authentication that requires no dedicated user action; the use of wearable devices for authentication in
conjunction with other systems; the potential and richness of current available technology and tools for wearable devices
and; the importance and challenges of maintaining privacy and security in wearable contexts.
Forward or Backward Looking? The Economic Discourse and the Observed Reality
Authors: Lüdering Jochen , Winker Peter 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Is academic research anticipating economic shake-ups or merely reflecting the past? Exploiting the corpus of articles published in the Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik) for the years 1949 to 2010, this pilot study proposes a quantitative framework for addressing these questions. The framework comprises two steps. First, methods from computational linguistics are used to identify relevant topics and their relative importance over time. In particular, Latent Dirichlet Analysis is applied to the corpus after some preparatory work. Second, for some of the topics which are closely related to specific economic indicators, the developments of topic weights and indicator values are confronted in dynamic regression and VAR models. The results indicate that for some topics of interest, the discourse in the journal leads developments in the real economy, while for other topics it is the other way round.
Performance Evaluation of Line Symmetry-Based Validity Indices on Clustering Algorithms
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Chhabra Jitender Kumar , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: July 2016

AbstractFinding the optimal number of clusters and the appropriate partitioning of the given dataset are the two major challenges while dealing with clustering. For both of these, cluster validity indices are used. In this paper, seven widely used cluster validity indices, namely DB index, PS index, I index, XB index, FS index, K index, and SV index, have been developed based on line symmetry distance measures. These indices provide the measure of line symmetry present in the partitioning of the dataset. These are able to detect clusters of any shape or size in a given dataset, as long as they possess the property of line symmetry. The performance of these indices is evaluated on three clustering algorithms: K-means, fuzzy-C means, and modified harmony search-based clustering (MHSC). The efficacy of symmetry-based validity indices on clustering algorithms is demonstrated on artificial and real-life datasets, six each, with the number of clusters varying from 2 to $\sqrt n ,$ where n is the total number of data points existing in the dataset. The experimental results reveal that the incorporation of line symmetry-based distance improves the capabilities of these existing validity indices in finding the appropriate number of clusters. Comparisons of these indices are done with the point symmetric and original versions of these seven validity indices. The results also demonstrate that the MHSC technique performs better as compared to other well-known clustering techniques. For real-life datasets, analysis of variance statistical analysis is also performed.
Microarray analysis of slipped capital femoral epiphysis growth plates
Authors: Johnson Jeffrey S. , Weiner Dennis S. , Jacquet Robin , Adamczyk Mark J. , Morscher Melanie A. , Landis William J. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background:
Microarray technology has been used to analyze gene expression in patients with and without slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE).

Methods:
Proximal femoral physis core biopsies from two patients with SCFE were compared with two control specimens from age-matched patients without SCFE. Extracted RNA from frozen ground samples was subjected to microarray analysis with data tests for statistical significance between SCFE and control tissues.

Results:
Compared to controls, SCFE samples demonstrated significant up-regulation in gene expression pathways involving physiological defense and inflammatory responses and significant down-regulation in the regulation of cellular physiologic processes, cellular metabolic pathways, and skeletal development pathways including expression of aggrecan and type II collagen, genes affecting physeal structure and integrity.

Conclusions:
Up-regulation of inflammatory and immune response pathways in SCFE compared to controls relates to physeal mechanical displacement in SCFE. Globalized down-regulation of several other pathways suggests growth plate weakening. These novel microarray findings further define SCFE etiology.
Ferritin level is associated with metabolic syndrome and elevated alanine aminotransferase in children and adolescents
Authors: Yi Kyung Hee , Hwang Jin Soon , Lim Se Won , Lee Jun Ah , Kim Dong Ho , Lim Jung Sub 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background:
The aim of the study was to investigate the association among elevated serum ferritin, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and ‘elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels beyond healthy-range limits’ in children and adolescents.

Methods:
We analyzed data from 4855 subjects (2579 male) aged 10–19 who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) (2007–2012).

Results:
The prevalence of MetS and ‘elevated ALT’ tended to increase with an increase in the serum ferritin quartile (p-value for trend: all <0.05). The odds ratios (ORs) for MetS in serum ferritin quartile-Q4 compared to ferritin quartile-Q1 was 1.59 (1.01, 2.55) in females after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and insulin resistance. The ORs for ‘elevated ALT’ in ferritin quartile-Q4 compared to ferritin quartile-Q1 were 4.45 (2.18, 9.10) in male and 3.10 (1.70, 5.66) in female subjects after adjusting for other covariates.

Conclusions:
The independent association between elevated serum ferritin and MetS (or ‘elevated ALT’) begins in children and adolescents.
Completeness of Gelfand-Neumark-Segal inner product space on Jordan algebras
Authors: Hamhalter Jan , Turilova Ekaterina 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The paper deals with inner product spaces generated by states on Jordan algebras. We show an interplay between completeness of the Gelfand-Neumark-Segal representation space, geometric properties of states on Jordan algebras, structure of irreducible Jordan representations, and properties of normal states on second duals of Jordan algebras. We prove that if the GNS representation space is complete, then given state must be a convex combination of pure states. On the other hand, we analyze structure of inner product spaces arising from states on spin factors and Type In
, n ≥ 4, factors, showing their completeness as a consequence.
Discrete averaged mixing applied to the logarithmic distributions
Authors: Wimmer Gejza , Mačutek Ján , Altmann Gabriel 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A new type of mixtures of discrete probability distributions is presented. A family of discrete averaged mixed distributions is introduced. Its subclass of averaged mixed logarithmic distributions is analyzed. Probabilistic characterizations and connections with other types of mixing are derived. We show also some examples of the analyzed distributions found in literature.