bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial therapy for Parkinson's-related dementia: study protocol for the INVEST randomised controlled trial
Authors: McCormick Sheree A , McDonald Kathryn R , Vatter Sabina , Orgeta Vasiliki , Poliakoff Ellen , Smith Sarah , Silverdale Monty A , Fu Bo , Leroi Iracema 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionParkinson's disease (PD) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI-PD) or dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are characterised by motor and ‘non-motor’ symptoms which impact on quality of life. Treatment options are generally limited to pharmacological approaches. We developed a psychosocial intervention to improve cognition, quality of life and companion burden for people with MCI-PD, PDD or DLB. Here, we describe the protocol for a single-blind randomised controlled trial to assess feasibility, acceptability and tolerability of the intervention and to evaluate treatment implementation. The interaction among the intervention and selected outcome measures and the efficacy of this intervention in improving cognition for people with MCI-PD, PDD or DLB will also be explored.Methods and analysisDyads will be randomised into two treatment arms to receive either ‘treatment as usual’ (TAU) or cognitive stimulation therapy specifically adapted for Parkinson's-related dementias (CST-PD), involving 30 min sessions delivered at home by the study companion three times per week over 10 weeks. A mixed-methods approach will be used to collect data on the operational aspects of the trial and treatment implementation. This will involve diary keeping, telephone follow-ups, dyad checklists and researcher ratings. Analysis will include descriptive statistics summarising recruitment, acceptability and tolerance of the intervention, and treatment implementation. To pilot an outcome measure of efficacy, we will undertake an inferential analysis to test our hypothesis that compared with TAU, CST-PD improves cognition. Qualitative approaches using thematic analysis will also be applied. Our findings will inform a larger definitive trial.Ethics and disseminationEthical opinion was granted (REC reference: 15/YH/0531). Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences. We will prepare reports for dissemination by organisations involved with PD and dementia.Trial registration numberISRCTN (ISRCTN11455062).
Assessment of dysphotopsia in pseudophakic subjects with multifocal intraocular lenses
Authors: Buckhurst Phillip J , Naroo Shehzad A , Davies Leon N , Shah Sunil , Drew Tom , Wolffsohn James S 
Published: June 2017

AimTo better understand the phenomenon of dysphotopsia in patients implanted with multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs).MethodsForty-five patients (aged 61.8±8.9 years) implanted bilaterally with Tecnis ZM900 (diffractive multifocal), Lentis Mplus MF30 (segmented refractive multifocal) or Softec-1 (monofocal) IOLs (each n=15) 4–6 months previously and who had achieved a good surgical outcome were examined. Each reported their dysphotopsia symptoms subjectively, identified its form (EyeVisPod illustrations), quantified retinal straylight (C-Quant) and halo perception (Aston halometer). Retinal straylight and halometry was repeated by a second masked clinician to determine interobserver repeatability.ResultsSubjective dysphotopsia ratings were able to differentiate Tecnis ZM900 from Lentis Mplus MF30 (p<0.001), but not Lentis Mplus MF30 from groups implanted with Softec-1 (p=0.290). Straylight was similar between the monofocal and multifocal IOL designs (p=0.664). ZM900 IOLs demonstrated a uniform increase in dysphotopsia in comparison with the monofocal IOL (p<0.001) as measured with the halometer, whereas sectorial refractive multifocal IOLs demonstrated a localised increase in dysphotopsia over the inferior visual field. Intraobserver repeatability was good for the straylight (intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC)=0.77) and halometry (ICC=0.89). There was no significant correlation between the subjective dysphotopsia severity and the straylight (p=0.503) or halometry (p>0.10) quantification or between straylight and the halo area (p>0.30).ConclusionsMultifocal IOLs induce symptoms of dysphotopsia. Straylight did not differentiate between IOL designs, however halometry identified clear differences in light scatter due to the IOL optics. Whereas, subjective rating of overall dysphotopsia are not strongly associated with straylight or halo perception, the halometry polar diagram reflected the subjective descriptions of dysphotopsia.
Characteristic analysis of a photoexcited metamaterial perfect absorber at terahertz frequencies
Authors: Bing Pibin , Huang Shichao , Li Zhongyang , Yu Zhou , Lu Ying , Yao Jianquan 
Published: June 2017

The absorption characteristics of a photoexcited metamaterial absorber at terahertz frequencies were analyzed in this study. Filling photosensitive semiconductor silicon into the gap between the resonator arms leads to modulation of its electromagnetic response through a pump beam which changes conductivity of silicon. Comparisons of terahertz absorbing properties which were caused by different thicknesses and dielectric constants of polyimide, cell sizes and widths of SRRs, and lengths and conductivities of the photosensitive silicon, were studied by using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) from 0.4 THz to 1.6 THz. The results of this study will facilitate the design and preparation of terahertz modulator, filters and absorbers.
India and Antarctica in the Precambrian: a brief analysis
Authors: Meert Joseph G. , Pandit Manoj K. , Pivarunas Anthony , Katusin Karastin , Sinha Anup K. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this short paper, we outline the potential links between India and the East Antarctica region from Enderby Land to Princess Elizabeth Land using the Mesozoic East Gondwana configuration as a starting point. Palaeomagnetic data indicate that East Gondwana did not exist prior to the Ediacaran–Cambrian. Early Neoproterozoic (1050–950 Ma) deformation in East Antarctica and along the Eastern Ghats Province in India marks the initial contact between the two regions. Volcanism in the Kerguelen hotspot led to final break-up of India and East Antarctica in the Cretaceous. Although connections between the Archaean and Proterozoic provinces of India and East Antarctica have been proposed, the current record of large igneous provinces (or dyke swarms), palaeomagnetic data and geochronology do not show a consistently good match between the two regions.
A Pilot Study of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Combined with Cytoreductive Nephrectomy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Singh Anurag K. , Winslow Timothy B. , Kermany Mohammad Habiby , Goritz Vincent , Heit Lilia , Miller Austin , Hoffend Nicholas C. , Stein Leighton C. , Kumaraswamy Lalith K. , Warren Graham W. , Bshara Wiam , Odunsi Kunle , Matsuzaki Junko , Abrams Scott I. , Schwaab Thomas , Muhitch Jason B. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Purpose: While stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) can reduce tumor volumes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), little is known regarding the immunomodulatory effects of high-dose radiation in the tumor microenvironment. The main objectives of this pilot study were to assess the safety and feasibility of nephrectomy following SBRT treatment of patients with mRCC and analyze the immunological impact of high-dose radiation.
Experimental Design: Human RCC cell lines were irradiated and evaluated for immunomodulation. In a single-arm feasibility study, patients with mRCC were treated with 15 Gray SBRT at the primary lesion in a single fraction followed 4 weeks later by cytoreductive nephrectomy. RCC specimens were analyzed for tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expression and T-cell infiltration. The trial has reached accrual (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01892930).
Results: RCC cells treated in vitro with radiation had increased TAA expression compared with untreated tumor cells. Fourteen patients received SBRT followed by surgery, and treatment was well-tolerated. SBRT-treated tumors had increased expression of the immunomodulatory molecule calreticulin and TAA (CA9, 5T4, NY-ESO-1, and MUC-1). Ki67+ -proliferating CD8+ T cells and FOXP3+ cells were increased in SBRT-treated patient specimens in tumors and at the tumor–stromal interface compared with archived patient specimens.
Conclusions: It is feasible to perform nephrectomy following SBRT with acceptable toxicity. Following SBRT, patient RCC tumors have increased expression of calreticulin, TAA, as well as a higher percentage of proliferating T cells compared with archived RCC tumors. Collectively, these studies provide evidence of immunomodulation following SBRT in mRCC. Clin Cancer Res; 23(17); 5055–65. ©2017 AACR.
Patient-derived Interstitial Fluids and Predisposition to Aggressive Sporadic Breast Cancer through Collagen Remodeling and Inactivation of p53
Authors: Kenny Timothy C. , Schmidt Hank , Adelson Kerin , Hoshida Yujin , Koh Anna P. , Shah Nagma , Mandeli John , Ting Jess , Germain Doris 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Purpose: Despite the fact that interstitial fluid (IF) represents a third of our body fluid, it is the most poorly understood body fluid in medicine. Increased IF pressure is thought to result from the increased deposition of extracellular matrix in the affected tissue preventing its reabsorption. In the cancer field, increased rigidity surrounding a cancerous mass remains the main reason that palpation and radiologic examination, such as mammography, are used for cancer detection. While the pressure produced by IF has been considered, the biochemical composition of IF has not been considered in its effect on tumors.
Experimental Design: We classified 135 IF samples from bilateral mastectomy patients based on their ability to promote the invasion of breast cancer cells.
Results: We observed a wide range of invasion scores. Patients with high-grade primary tumors at diagnosis had higher IF invasion scores. In mice, injections of high-score IF (IFHigh) in a normal mammary gland promotes ductal hyperplasia, increased collagen deposition, and local invasion. In a mouse model of residual disease, IFHigh increased disease progression and promoted aggressive visceral metastases. Mechanistically, we found that IFHigh induces myofibroblast differentiation and collagen production through activation of CLIC4. IFHigh also downregulates RYBP, leading to degradation of p53. Furthermore, in mammary glands of heterozygous p53-mutant knock-in mice, IFHigh promotes spontaneous tumor formation.
Conclusions: Our study indicates that IF can increase the deposition of extracellular matrix and raises the provocative possibility that they play an active role in the predisposition, development, and clinical course of sporadic breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 23(18); 5446–59. ©2017 AACR.
Mechanisms of Primary Drug Resistance in FGFR1-Amplified Lung Cancer
Authors: Malchers Florian , Ercanoglu Meryem , Schütte Daniel , Castiglione Roberta , Tischler Verena , Michels Sebastian , Dahmen Ilona , Brägelmann Johannes , Menon Roopika , Heuckmann Johannes M. , George Julie , Ansén Sascha , Sos Martin L. , Soltermann Alex , Peifer Martin , Wolf Jürgen , Büttner Reinhard , Thomas Roman K. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Purpose: The 8p12-p11 locus is frequently amplified in squamous cell lung cancer (SQLC); the receptor tyrosine kinase fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) being one of the most prominent targets of this amplification. Thus, small molecules inhibiting FGFRs have been employed to treat FGFR1-amplified SQLC. However, only about 11% of such FGFR1-amplified tumors respond to single-agent FGFR inhibition and several tumors exhibited insufficient tumor shrinkage, compatible with the existence of drug-resistant tumor cells.
Experimental Design: To investigate possible mechanisms of resistance to FGFR inhibition, we studied the lung cancer cell lines DMS114 and H1581. Both cell lines are highly sensitive to three different FGFR inhibitors, but exhibit sustained residual cellular viability under treatment, indicating a subpopulation of existing drug-resistant cells. We isolated these subpopulations by treating the cells with constant high doses of FGFR inhibitors.
Results: The FGFR inhibitor–resistant cells were cross-resistant and characterized by sustained MAPK pathway activation. In drug-resistant H1581 cells, we identified NRAS amplification and DUSP6 deletion, leading to MAPK pathway reactivation. Furthermore, we detected subclonal NRAS amplifications in 3 of 20 (15%) primary human FGFR1-amplified SQLC specimens. In contrast, drug-resistant DMS114 cells exhibited transcriptional upregulation of MET that drove MAPK pathway reactivation. As a consequence, we demonstrate that rational combination therapies resensitize resistant cells to treatment with FGFR inhibitors.
Conclusions: We provide evidence for the existence of diverse mechanisms of primary drug resistance in FGFR1-amplified lung cancer and provide a rational strategy to improve FGFR inhibitor therapies by combination treatment. Clin Cancer Res; 23(18); 5527–36. ©2017 AACR.
Incidence and Factors Associated With the Occurrence of Pulmonary Vein Narrowing After Cryoballoon Ablation
Authors: Narui Ryohsuke , Tokuda Michifumi , Matsushima Masato , Isogai Ryota , Tokutake Kenichi , Yokoyama Kenichi , Hioki Mika , Ito Keiichi , Tanigawa Shin-ichi , Yamashita Seigo , Inada Keiichi , Shibayama Kenri , Matsuo Seiichiro , Miyanaga Satoru , Sugimoto Kenichi , Yoshimura Michihiro , Yamane Teiichi 
Published: June 2017

Background—
In contrast with traditional radiofrequency ablation, little is known about the influence of cryoballoon ablation on the morphology of pulmonary veins (PVs). We evaluated the influence of cryoballoon ablation on the PV dimension (PVD) and investigated the factors associated with a reduction of the PVD.

Methods and Results—

Seventy-four patients who underwent cryoballoon ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were included in the present study. All subjects underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography both before and at 3 months after the procedure. The PVD (cross-sectional area) was measured using a 3-dimensional electroanatomical mapping system. Each PV was evaluated according to the PVD reduction rate (ΔPVD), which was calculated as follows: (1−post-PVD/pre-PVD)×100 (%). Ninety-two percent of the PVs (271/296) were successfully isolated only by cryoballoon ablation; the remaining 8% of the PVs required touch-up ablation and were excluded from the analysis. Mild (25%–50%), moderate (50%–75%), and severe (≥75%) ΔPVD values were observed in 87, 14, and 3 PVs, respectively, including 1 case with severe left superior PV stenosis (ΔPVD: 94%) in a patient who required PV angioplasty. In multivariable analysis, a larger PV ostium and lower minimum freezing temperature during cryoballoon ablation were independently associated with PV narrowing (odds ratio, 1.773;
P
=0.01; and odds ratio, 1.137;
P
<0.001, respectively).

Conclusions—
A reduction of the PVD was often observed after cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation. A larger PV ostium and lower minimum freezing temperature during cryoballoon ablation were associated with an increased risk of PVD reduction.
Distinctive Left Ventricular Activations Associated With ECG Pattern in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Derval Nicolas , Duchateau Josselin , Mahida Saagar , Eschalier Romain , Sacher Frederic , Lumens Joost , Cochet Hubert , Denis Arnaud , Pillois Xavier , Yamashita Seigo , Komatsu Yuki , Ploux Sylvain , Amraoui Sana , Zemmoura Adlane , Ritter Philippe , Hocini Mélèze , Haissaguerre Michel , Jaïs Pierre , Bordachar Pierre 
Published: June 2017

Background—
In contrast to patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB), heart failure patients with narrow QRS and nonspecific intraventricular conduction delay (NICD) display a relatively limited response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. We sought to compare left ventricular (LV) activation patterns in heart failure patients with narrow QRS and NICD to patients with LBBB using high-density electroanatomic activation maps.

Methods and Results—

Fifty-two heart failure patients (narrow QRS [n=18], LBBB [n=11], NICD [n=23]) underwent 3-dimensional electroanatomic mapping with a high density of mapping points (387±349 LV). Adjunctive scar imaging was available in 37 (71%) patients and was analyzed in relation to activation maps. LBBB patients typically demonstrated (1) a single LV breakthrough at the septum (38±15 ms post-QRS onset); (2) prolonged right-to-left transseptal activation with absence of direct LV Purkinje activity; (3) homogeneous propagation within the LV cavity; and (4) latest activation at the basal lateral LV. In comparison, both NICD and narrow QRS patients demonstrated (1) multiple LV breakthroughs along the posterior or anterior fascicles: narrow QRS versus LBBB, 5±2 versus 1±1;
P
=0.0004; NICD versus LBBB, 4±2 versus 1±1;
P
=0.001); (2) evidence of early/pre-QRS LV electrograms with Purkinje potentials; (3) rapid propagation in narrow QRS patients and more heterogeneous propagation in NICD patients; and (4) presence of limited areas of late activation associated with LV scar with high interindividual heterogeneity.

Conclusions—
In contrast to LBBB patients, narrow QRS and NICD patients are characterized by distinct mechanisms of LV activation, which may predict poor response to cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Assessment of Quality Indicators for Acute Myocardial Infarction in the FAST-MI (French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation or Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction) Registries
Authors: Schiele François , Gale Chris P. , Simon Tabassome , Fox Keith A.A. , Bueno Hector , Lettino Maddalena , Tubaro Marco , Puymirat Etienne , Ferrières Jean , Meneveau Nicolas , Danchin Nicolas 
Published: June 2017

Background—
The Acute Cardiovascular Care Association defined quality indicators (QIs) for the management of acute myocardial infarction. The application of these QIs to existing databases is appealing. It remains to be determined what the rates of implementation are, how the QIs are related to long-term survival, and whether quality categorization is possible.

Methods and Results—
The QIs were extracted from the French nationwide registries French Registry of Acute ST-Elevation or Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FAST-MI) 2005 (n=3670) and FAST-MI 2010 (n=4169). Implementation rates for each QI are reported for both cohorts. The composite QI was used for benchmarking, and the relationship between QIs and 3-year survival was determined using a Cox model. In FAST-MI 2010, 12 individual and 2 composite QIs could be assessed. Four QIs were not recorded in FAST-MI 2010 and 4 in 2005, either because of treatment nonavailability or because of data not recorded. The degree of implementation ranged from 12% to 89%, with higher rates in 2010 as compared with 2005. Seven individual QIs were associated with survival, and there was a significant and gradual association between survival and categories of the composite QI. Center categorization was possible in 26% to 30% of participating centers; 16 (27%) centers in 2005 and 14 (20%) in 2010 were categorized as low quality.

Conclusions—
Twelve of 17 individual QIs could be assessed from FAST-MI 2010. The composite QI was significantly associated with 3-year survival and distinguished centers with high, average, and low quality of care.
Multitype Events and the Analysis of Heart Failure Readmissions
Authors: Brown Paul M. , Ezekowitz Justin A. 
Published: June 2017

Background—
Heart failure–related hospital readmissions and mortality are often outcomes in clinical trials. Patients may experience multiple hospital readmissions over time with mortality acting as a dependent terminal event. Univariate composite end points are used for the analysis of readmissions. We may amend these approaches to include emergency department visits as a further outcome. An alternative multivariate modeling approach that categorizes hospital readmissions and emergency department visits as separate event types is proposed.

Methods and Results—
We seek to compare the modeling approach which handles event types as separate, correlated end points against composites that amalgamate them to create a unified end point. Using a heart failure data set for illustration, a model with random effects for event types is estimated. The time-to-first event, unmatched win-ratio, and days-alive-and-out-of-hospital composites are derived for comparison. The model provides supplementary statistics such as the correlation among event types and yields considerably more power than the competing composite end points.

Conclusions—
The effect on individual outcomes is lost when they are intermingled to form a univariate composite. Simultaneously modeling different outcomes provides an alternative or supplementary analysis that may yield greater statistical power and additional insights. Improvements in software have made the multitype events model easier to implement and thus a useful, more efficient option when analyzing heart failure hospital readmissions and emergency department visits.
Evidence for Therapeutic Patient Education Interventions to Promote Cardiovascular Patient Self-Management: A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association
Authors: Barnason Susan , White-Williams Connie , Rossi Laura P. , Centeno Mae , Crabbe Deborah L. , Lee Kyoung Suk , McCabe Nancy , Nauser Julie , Schulz Paula , Stamp Kelly , Wood Kathryn 
Published: June 2017

Background—
The burden of cardiovascular disease as a chronic illness increasingly requires patients to assume more responsibility for their self-management. Patient education is believed to be an essential component of cardiovascular care; however, there is limited evidence about specific therapeutic patient education approaches used and the impact on patient self-management outcomes.

Methods and Results—
An integrative review of the literature was conducted to critically analyze published research studies of therapeutic patient education for self-management in selected cardiovascular conditions. There was variability in methodological approaches across settings and disease conditions. The most effective interventions were tailored to individual patient needs, used multiple components to improve self-management outcomes, and often used multidisciplinary approaches.

Conclusions—
This synthesis of evidence expands the base of knowledge related to the development of patient self-management skills and provides direction for more rigorous research. Recommendations are provided to guide the implementation of therapeutic patient education in clinical practice and the design of comprehensive self-management interventions to improve outcomes for cardiovascular patients.