bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of modified atmosphere gases composition used for storage of high‐fiber muffins
Authors: Wyrwisz Jarosław , Kurek Marcin , Karp Sabina , Moczkowska Małgorzata , Stelmasiak Adrian , Wierzbicka Agnieszka 
Published: September 2016

AbstractFour different dietary fibers were studied: oat fiber (AS), apple fiber (MD), carrot fiber (DC), and cocoa fiber (TC) and control sample. The muffins were produced to achieve more than 6 g/100 g of the final product. Each muffin with dietary fiber was packed in MAP with an initial gas mixture: 25% CO2, 50% CO2, 75% CO2, 100% CO2 using nitrogen as an inert gas in MAP system. The quality of muffins was examined on the 1st and 15th day of packaging. We have observed that the firmness of the control sample was mainly dependent on CO2 concentration in the MAP. The interaction between the CO2 and days most significantly affected the firmness of DC samples. The firmness of MD samples was mostly affected by the CO2 level. The opposite was with AS samples, where the springiness was significantly dependent on the interaction between the CO2 and N2 interaction, similar to TC. DC samples were affected slightly by the interaction between the CO2 and the day. The optimized composition of gases to MAP for each of the muffins with dietary fiber was developed. The verification of the model stated that for the control sample, the CO2 was 98.2%, AS—62.7%, DC—87.0%, TC—92.0%, and MD—76.5%.Practical applicationAccording to WHO Report 2015 about obesity, around 17% of children and more than 30% of adults are currently considered obese so the obesity epidemic remains one of the nation's most severe health crises. One way to prevent this disease is to reduce the intake of fat or sugar and be comparable to conventional products according to consumer acceptance. Therefore, in the present work, we have developed an innovative packaging system in which the dough (i.e., muffins) is loaded with increased dietary fiber content and increased antioxidant status to maintain their healthy value. For this purpose, an effective statistical method—response surface methodology, which is appropriate for optimization of processes or formulations, was used. The technology of storage of high‐fiber muffins was developed to prevent deterioration and prevent a decrease in quality.
Mathematical modeling and quality properties of a dehydrated native Chilean berry
Authors: Quispe‐Fuentes Issis , Vega‐Gálvez Antonio , Vásquez Valeria , Uribe Elsa , Astudillo Sebastián 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMaqui (Aristotelia chilensis [Molina] Stuntz) berry dehydration, drying kinetics (40–80°C), and drying temperature effects on texture profile, rehydration properties, dietary fiber, and sugar contents were evaluated. The Midilli–Kucuk model presented the best fitting to the drying curves. The effective diffusion coefficients varied from 0.34 × 10−10 m2 s−1 at 40°C to 2.14 × 10−10 m2 s−1 at 80°C. The texture profile analysis showed a slight difference in some parameters (springiness, gumminess cohesiveness, and chewiness). The WHC parameters had no significant differences in the range 50–80°C. The insoluble dietary fiber content was greater than the soluble one in all the samples. Also, the dietary fiber, fructose, and glucose contents increased in value with an increase in temperature. The results could be used to estimate the best drying conditions for producing a dehydrated maqui product.Practical applicationThis native berry is categorized as a “superfruit” due to its great number of wholesome properties. However, it is highly perishable and is primarily marketed as a powder since it is stable after drying. This study is the first one that provides results on both quality changes and energy consumption of the drying process. This information, here, can help engineers and marketers to determine the best drying conditions for maqui berries so that they retain their antioxidant properties and dietary fiber contents as well as maintain proper rehydration and texture properties, all of them interesting for to functional food marketing.
Trends in Incidence of Disability in Activities of Daily Living in Chinese Older Adults: 1993–2006
Authors: Liang Yajun , Welmer Anna‐Karin , Wang Rui , Song Aiqin , Fratiglioni Laura , Qiu Chengxuan 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesTo investigate time trends in incidence of activity of daily living (ADL) disability of Chinese older adults and to explore factors potentially contributing to trends.DesignPopulation‐based prospective study using a multistage, randomized, cluster sampling process.SettingNine provinces of China.ParticipantsThree consecutive cohorts of people aged 60 and older from the China Health and Nutrition Survey: cohort 1993–2000 (n = 831), cohort 1997–2004 (n = 1,091), cohort 2000–2006 (n = 1,152).MeasurementsDisability in ADLs was defined as inability to perform at least one of five self‐care activities (transferring, dressing, toileting, bathing, feeding). Data were analyzed using Cox and generalized estimating equation models.ResultsThe incidence (per 1,000 person‐years) of ADL disability decreased significantly from 35.3 in 1993–2000 and 28.9 in 1997–2004 to 24.3 in 2000–2006 in Chinese older adults (Ptrend < .001). The incidence of ADL disability decreased significantly in men and women, in young‐old adults (aged 60–74), and in those living in rural areas (all Ptrend ≤ .02) after controlling for multiple potential influential factors. Of the five ADL items, decline in incidence of disability was significant in transferring (Ptrend < .001) and bathing (Ptrend = .002) and marginally significant in toileting (Ptrend = .06) but stable in dressing (Ptrend = .38) and feeding (Ptrend = .26).ConclusionThe incidence of ADL disability decreased from 1993 to 2006 in older adults in China, especially in transferring and bathing, independent of sociodemographic, lifestyle, and chronic health conditions.
Change in Quality of Life and Its Association with Oral Health and Other Factors in Community‐Dwelling Elderly Adults—A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bidinotto Augusto Bacelo , Santos Camila Mello dos , Tôrres Luísa Helena do Nascimento , de Sousa Maria da Luz Rosário , Hugo Fernando Neves , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesTo determine whether changes in oral health status were associated with decline in quality of life (QoL).DesignProspective cohort study.SettingCarlos Barbosa, southern Brazil.ParticipantsA random sample of 872 community‐dwelling individuals aged 60 and older was evaluated in 2004. The current study population consisted of 389 participants available for follow‐up in 2012.MeasuresChange in QoL was assessed through the use of the short version of the World Health Organization QoL Assessment tool (WHOQOL‐BREF) at baseline and follow‐up. Each WHOQOL domain generates a score, with changes being calculated for each domain. Individuals with the same or higher scores at follow‐up were categorized as having improved QoL, and those with lower scores were categorized as having a decline in QoL. Sociodemographic and health variables were assessed in an interview, and tooth loss, use of dental prostheses, and satisfaction with chewing ability and oral appearance were verified through oral examinations. Interviews and examinations were repeated. Risk ratios (RRs) relative to the outcome and independent variables were estimated using Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator.ResultsTooth loss was a risk factor for decline in the psychological domain of QoL (RR = 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.06). Improvement in satisfaction with chewing ability was a protective factor for decline in this same domain (RR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.50–0.97). Greater satisfaction with oral appearance was a protective factor against decline in social (RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72–0.98) and environmental (RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.61–0.97) domain scores.ConclusionPreventing tooth loss and recognizing and properly addressing concerns about chewing and dental appearance can affect the general well‐being of community‐dwelling elderly adults.
Evaluating the Use of Global Sensitivity Analysis in Dynamic MFA
Authors: Džubur Nađa , Buchner Hanno , Laner David 
Published: September 2016

SummaryDynamic material flow analysis (MFA) provides information about material usage over time and consequent changes in material stocks and flows. In order to understand the effect of limited data quality and model assumptions on MFA results, the use of sensitivity analysis methods in dynamic MFA studies has been on the increase. So far, sensitivity analysis in dynamic MFA has been conducted by means of a one‐at‐a‐time method, which tests parameter perturbations individually and observes the outcomes on output. In contrast to that, variance‐based global sensitivity analysis decomposes the variance of the model output into fractions caused by the uncertainty or variability of input parameters. The present study investigates interaction and time‐delay effects of uncertain parameters on the output of an archetypal input‐driven dynamic material flow model using variance‐based global sensitivity analysis. The results show that determining the main (first‐order) effects of parameter variations is often sufficient in dynamic MFA because substantial effects attributed to the simultaneous variation of several parameters (higher‐order effects) do not appear for classical setups of dynamic material flow models. For models with time‐varying parameters, time‐delay effects of parameter variation on model outputs need to be considered, potentially boosting the computational cost of global sensitivity analysis. Finally, the implications of exploring the sensitivities of model outputs with respect to parameter variations in the archetypical model are used to derive model‐ and goal‐specific recommendations on choosing appropriate sensitivity analysis methods in dynamic MFA.
Emergency nurses' evaluation of observational pain assessment tools for older people with cognitive impairment
Authors: Fry Margaret , Arendts Glenn , Chenoweth Lynn 
Published: September 2016

Aims and objectivesTo explore emergency nurses’ perceptions of the feasibility and utility of Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia tool in people over 65 with cognitive impairment. The Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia tool was then compared with The Abbey Pain Scale, Doloplus‐2 and PACSLAC. The objective was to determine which observational pain assessment tool was the most appropriate for the emergency department context and the cognitively impaired older person.BackgroundThe number of older people with cognitive impairment conditions, such as dementia, presenting to the emergency department is increasing. Approximately 28% of people over 65 years who present will have cognitive impairment. Older people with cognitive impairment often receive suboptimal pain management in the ED. There is limited evidence of the use and/or appropriateness of dementia‐specific pain observation assessment tools in the ED.DesignThis was a multicentre exploratory qualitative study, which was conducted within a constructivist paradigm.MethodsFocus group interviews were conducted with nurses across three hospital emergency departments. Data were subject to thematic analysis.ResultsSix focus groups were conducted with 36 nurses over a 12‐week period. Four themes emerged from the analysis: 1) cognitive impairment is a barrier to pain management; 2) PAINAD gives structure to pain assessment; 3) PAINAD assists to convey pain intensity; and 4) selection of an appropriate observational pain assessment tool.ConclusionsThis study identified that emergency nurses find it challenging to detect, assess and manage pain in cognitively impaired people. While the use of the PAINAD helped to address these challenges compared to other tools, nurses also identified the important role that family and carers can play in pain assessment and management for older people with cognitive impairment.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study has generated new knowledge that has broad application across clinical settings, which can assist to transform pain management practice and reduce human suffering. The use of an observational pain assessment tool can provide for greater practice consistency for patients with communication difficulties. Pain management for older people with cognitive impairment is best achieved by the use an appropriate observational pain assessment tool and with a multidisciplinary approach that includes the person and their family/carer.
Emergency nurses’ decisions regarding frequency and nature of vital sign assessment
Authors: Lambe Katherine , Currey Judy , Considine Julie 
Published: September 2016

Aims and objectivesTo explore the factors emergency nurses use to inform their decisions regarding frequency and nature of vital sign assessment.BackgroundResearch related to clinical deterioration and vital sign assessment in the emergency department is in its infancy. Studies to date have explored the frequency of vital sign assessment in the emergency department; however, there are no published studies that have examined factors that emergency nurses use to inform their decisions regarding frequency and nature of ongoing vital sign assessment.DesignA prospective exploratory design was used. Data were collected using a survey consisting of eight patient vignettes.MethodsThe study was conducted in one emergency department in metropolitan Melbourne. Participants were emergency nurses permanently employed at the study site.ResultsA 96% response rate was achieved (n = 47/49). The most common frequency of patient reassessment nominated by participants was 15 or 30 minutely, with an equal number of participants choosing these frequency intervals. Abnormality in initial vital sign parameters was the most common factor identified for choosing either a 15‐ or 30‐minute assessment interval. Frequency of assessment decisions was influenced by years of emergency nursing experience in one vignette and level of postgraduate qualification in three vignettes. Heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure were all nominated by over 80% of participants as vital signs that participants considered important for reassessment. The frequency and nature of vital signs selected varied according to vignette content. There were significant negative correlations between assessment of conscious state and years of nursing experience and assessment of respiratory rate and years of emergency nursing experience. Level of postgraduate qualification did not influence selection of parameters for reassessment.ConclusionEmergency nurses are tailoring vital sign assessment to patients’ clinical status, and nurses are integrating known vital sign data into vital sign decision‐making.Relevance to clinical practiceAccurate assessment and interpretation of vital sign data is fundamental to patient safety. Emergency nurses are responsible for the initial and ongoing assessment of undiagnosed or undifferentiated patients. Prior to medical assessment, emergency nurses are solely responsible for patient assessment, escalation of care and implementation of interventions within nursing scope of practice.
The effectiveness of nurse education and training for clinical alarm response and management: a systematic review
Authors: Yue Liqing , Plummer Virginia , Cross Wendy 
Published: September 2016

Aims and objectivesTo identify the effectiveness of education interventions provided for nurses for clinical alarm response and management.BackgroundSome education has been undertaken to improve clinical alarm response, but the evidence for evaluating effectiveness for nurse education interventions is limited.DesignSystematic review.MethodsA systematic review of experimental studies published in English from 2005–2015 was conducted in four computerised databases (MEDLINE,EMBASE,CINAHLand Scopus). After identification, screening and appraisal using Joanna Briggs Institute instruments, quality research papers were selected, data extraction and analysis followed.ResultsFive studies met the inclusion criteria for alarm response and no articles were concerned with clinical alarm education for management. All had different types and methods of interventions and statistical pooling was not possible. Response accuracy, response time and perceptions were consistent when different interventions were adopted. A positive effect was identified when learning about general alarms, single alarms, sequential alarms and medium‐level alarms for learning as the primary task. Nurses who were musically trained had a faster and more accurate alarm response. Simulation interventions had a positive effect, but the effect of education provided in the care unit was greater. Overall, clinical alarm awareness was improved through education activities.ConclusionsNurses are the main users of healthcare alarms and work in complex environments with high numbers of alarms, including nuisance alarms and other factors. Alarm‐related adverse events are common. The findings of a small number of experimental studies with diverse evidence included consideration of various factors when formulating education strategies. The factors which influence effectiveness of nurse education are nurse demographics, nurse participants with musical training, workload and characteristics of alarms. Education interventions based in clinical practice settings increase education effectiveness, although simulation can be effective. No study shows any type of intervention results in sustained improvement.Relevance to clinical practiceThere are workload implications in education and the matching of load, number and type of alarms with nurse demographics which should be evaluated. There also needs to be a connection between education and the clinical setting to contribute to clinical alarm awareness for undergraduate nurses and practicing nurses. Education solely supported by employers is insufficient. Patient safety and long‐term effects must be further explored.
Do Shadow Banks Create Money? ‘Financialisation’ and the Monetary Circuit
Authors: Michell Jo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe rise of the shadow banking system is viewed through the theoretical lens of Graziani's Monetary Theory of Production. Graziani's categories of ‘initial finance’ and ‘final finance’ are used to analyse the new forms of credit created in the shadow banking sector. It is argued that the accumulation of leverage in the shadow banking system and the creation of credit money by the traditional banking sector are symbiotic processes. While Graziani's triangular debtor‐bank‐creditor relationship remains central, the circuit operates in a perverse form in which household debt is stored on the balance sheets of shadow banks, allowing the banking system to break the historical connection between money creation and productive activity.
Fusion of Photogrammetry and Video Analysis for Productivity Assessment of Earthwork Processes
Authors: Bügler M. , Borrmann A. , Ogunmakin G. , Vela P. A. , Teizer J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe high complexity of modern large‐scale construction projects leads their schedules to be sensitive to delays. At underground construction sites, the earthwork processes are vital, as most of the following tasks depend on them. This article presents a method for estimating the productivity of soil removal by combining two technologies based on computer vision: photogrammetry and video analysis. Photogrammetry is applied to create a time series of point clouds throughout excavation, which are used to measure the volume of the excavated soil for daily estimates of productivity. Video analysis is used to generate statistics regarding the construction activities for estimating productivity at finer time scales, when combined with the output from the photogrammetry pipeline. As there may be multiple causes for specific productivity levels, the automated generation of progress and activity statistics from both measurement methods supports interpretation of the productivity estimates. Comparison to annotated ground truth for the tracking and activity monitoring method highlights the reliability of the extracted information. The suitability of the approach is demonstrated by two case studies of real‐world urban excavation projects.
Neonatal Bartter syndrome with cholelithiasis and hydrocephalus: Rare association
Authors: Özdemir Özmert MA , Çıralı Ceren , Yılmaz Ağladıoğlu Sebahat , Evrengül Havva , Tepeli Emre , Ergin Hacer 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNeonatal Bartter syndrome (NBS) is a rare autosomal recessive renal tubular disorder. This disease is characterized by hypokalemia, hypochloremia, and metabolic alkalosis that is often associated with failure to thrive and recurrent episodes of dehydration. The combination of BS and cholelithiasis in an infant is very rare. Herein, we report a premature male infant with NBS who developed cholelithiasis and hydrocephalus on clinical follow up. We recommend that periodic routine hepatobiliary ultrasonograpic screening for cholelithiasis should be performed in patients with NBS.
Ecthyma gangrenosum in an infant after liver transplantation
Authors: Hizli Şamil , Işikay Sedat , Arikan Çiğdem 
Published: September 2016

AbstractEcthyma gangrenosum is a rare, necrotizing, bacterial infection of the skin most commonly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has a characteristic clinical picture starting with maculopapular eruption followed by hemorrhagic vesicle and evolving into gangrenous ulcer. Although direct skin inoculation without septicemia is also probable, usually ecthyma gangrenosum is pathognomonic for Pseudomonas septicemia, which has a mortality rate of 38–96%. Herein, we report on the case of a 9‐month‐old male infant diagnosed with ecthyma gangrenosum who had undergone liver transplantation approximately 6 months previously and who was under immunosuppressive treatment, in order to highlight the importance of the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Preoperative risk factors for intra‐operative bleeding in pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Fanna Martina , Baptiste Amandine , Capito Carmen , Ortego Rocio , Pacifico Raffaella , Lesage Fabrice , Moulin Florence , Debray Dominique , Sissaoui Samira , Girard Muriel , Lacaille Florence , Telion Caroline , Elie Caroline , Aigrain Yves , Chardot Christophe 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study analyzes the preoperative risk factors for intra‐operative bleeding in our recent series of pediatric LTs. Between November 2009 and November 2014, 84 consecutive isolated pediatric LTs were performed in 81 children. Potential preoperative predictive factors for bleeding, amount of intra‐operative transfusions, postoperative course, and outcome were recorded. Cutoff point for intra‐operative HBL was defined as intra‐operative RBC transfusions ≥1 TBV. Twenty‐six patients (31%) had intra‐operative HBL. One‐year patient survival after LT was 66.7% (CI 95%=[50.2–88.5]) in HBL patients and 83.8% (CI 95%=[74.6–94.1]) in the others (P=.054). Among 13 potential preoperative risk factors, three of them were identified as independent predictors of high intra‐operative bleeding: abdominal surgical procedure(s) prior to LT, factor V level ≤30% before transplantation, and ex situ parenchymal transsection of the liver graft. Based on these findings, we propose a simple score to predict the individual hemorrhagic risk related to each patient and graft association. This score may help to better anticipate intra‐operative bleeding and improve patient's management.