bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notas taxonómicas sobre Lepanthes disticha (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) y sus aliados en México y el norte de Centroamérica
Authors: Catling Paul M. , Salazar Gerardo A. 
Published: January 2017

En este trabajo se encontró que en las especies de Lepanthes con vainas negras de México y el norte de Centroamérica la forma del ápice de la hoja está correlacionada con otras características morfológicas y con el color de las flores. Lepanthes nigriscapa R. E. Schult. & G. W. Dillon, L. quetzalensis Luer & Béhar y L. scopula Schltr. presentan el ápice de la hoja redondeado-agudo y el apéndice del labelo poco evidente, ya sea con una porción sólida de menos de 0.1 mm de largo o reducido a un mechón de pelos, mientras que L. inaequiloba Ames & C. Schweinf. tiene hojas similares pero carece completamente del apéndice. Lepanthes nigriscapa es conocido solamente del tipo y se distingue por la total ausencia de un apéndice sólido y los sépalos laterales muy divergentes. Plantas con hojas acuminadas y un apéndice prominente y piloso fueron descritas por A. Richard y Galeotti como Pleurothallis disticha, concepto posteriormente transferido a Lepanthes por Garay y R. E. Schultes. Lepanthes oestlundiana R. E. Schult. & G. W. Dillon y Lepanthes pristidis Rchb. f. se consideran aquí como sinónimos de L. disticha. Material de Belice citado como Lepanthes inaequiloba Ames & C. Schweinf. y de Guatemala como L. turialvae Rchb. f., es referido a L. disticha. Otra especie con hojas acuminadas y vainas negras, Lepanthes hondurensis Ames, aparentemente endémica de Honduras, está cercanamente relacionada con L. disticha pero difiere en los lóbulos de los pétalos subiguales, ampliamente elípticos o redondeados y el apéndice glabro. Se presenta la tipificación y la sinonimia de las especies y se incluye una clave para su identificación.
Registro de Convolvulus crenatifolius Ruiz & Pavón (Convolvulaceae) en México
Authors: Carranza González Eleazar 
Published: January 2017

Se menciona por primera vez a Convolvulus crenatifolius Ruiz & Pavón, como parte de la flora ruderal mexicana. Esta especie es nativa de Sudamérica y desde finales del siglo XIX a la fecha se han colectado varios ejemplares en el centro de México, donde crecen como plantas adventicias en áreas perturbadas. Se proporciona además una descripción basada en los especímenes revisados y una clave para separar este taxon de C. bonariensis Cav. y C. equitans Benth., con los cuales está relacionado.
Polinización de dos especies simpátricas de Stelis (Pleurothallidinae, Orchidaceae)
Authors: Albores-Ortiz Octavio , Sosa Victoria 
Published: January 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo es el de llevar a cabo estudios de polinización en las epífitas Stelis hymenantha y S. immersa que crecen simpátricamente en bosques de encino en la región de Ocosingo, Chiapas. Estas orquídeas pertenecen al linaje de las Pleurothallidinae, en el cual la polinización por dípteros es frecuente. Por medio de observaciones de campo en varias poblaciones de estos taxa se determinó su fenología, la situación de sus poblaciones, sus preferencias ecológicas, sus polinizadores así como su morfología floral y el tipo de atrayentes y recompensas que ofrecen. Los resultados indican que las flores de las dos especies coinciden en cierto momento en sus épocas de floración, que sus flores presentan grandes diferencias morfológicas y de tamaño, que atraen insectos al producir un líquido similar al néctar que se distribuye en forma de una capa delgada sobre la base del labelo y en una de las especies también en los pétalos, además de emitir fragancias diferentes. Stelis immersa recibe un mayor número de visitantes y sus polinizadores son hembras de un pequeño díptero, del género Megaselia (Phoridae). Aunque no se encontró un insecto llevando los polinarios de S. hymenantha, se observó a una mosca del grupo de los Drosophilidae penetrando las flores. La formación de cápsulas en las dos especies es muy baja en comparación con el número de flores. Una divergencia morfológica floral y una emisión de fragancias diferentes hacen que no se compartan los polinizadores, previniendo la hibridación entre estas orquídeas. Se requiere un tamaño específico de los polinizadores para que los polinarios sean removidos.
Cypringlea (Cyperaceae) revisited, a new combination and status
Authors: Reznicek Anton A. , González Elizondo M. Socorro 
Published: January 2017

Cypringlea (Cyperaceae) es un género segregado de Scirpus, endémico de México, con tres especies.Cypringlea evadens, previamente considerada como variedad de C. analecta o bajo sinonimia de ésta, se reconoce aquí a nivel específico, difiriendo en el grado de división de la inflorescencia, proporción de espigas pedunculadas, número total de espigas, anchura de la hoja y longitud proporcional de las brácteas de la inflorescencia. Se presenta una clave para distinguir las especies, así como descripciones y datos sobre su distribución y hábitat. Cypringlea analecta se cita por primera vez para Nuevo León, Tamaulipas y Querétaro; C. coahuilensis, conocida previamente sólo de la localidad tipo en Coahuila, se da a conocer para Nuevo León; y C. evadens se registra por primera vez para Guerrero y Oaxaca.
Nobel, P. S. 1988. Environmental Biology of Agaves and Cacti. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, U.K. 270 pp.
Authors: García Moya Edmundo 
Published: January 2017

El texto al cual está dedicada esta reseña, si bien es cierto está escrito en el idioma inglés por un autor norteamericano, el Dr. P. S. Nobel de la Universidad de California, Los Angeles, cubre en el más alto nivel, la biología ambiental de dos grupos de plantas muy nuestras: las cactáceas y los agaves, los cuales responden, sorprendentemente, de la misma forma a los estímulos o limitaciones ambientales como por ejemplo, la toma de C02 por medio de la senda fotosintética comunmente denominada CAM. EIDr. Nobel presenta en este texto sus resultados de 10 años de investigación realizada en su laboratorio o en los sitios más remotos donde se desarrollan estas plantas. Asimismo, estos resultados son confrontados con 640 referencias en diez idiomas, incluyendo varios autores nacionales. Se presenta el conocimiento pasado, el actual y se apunta hacia el futuro, en cuanto a la investigación necesaria para un aprovechamiento sostenido de estos recursos.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SOFT SKILLS TERPADU DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENJASORKES PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Indriharta Lilik , Suharjana S. , Marzuki M. 
Published: January 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mengembangkan model pembelajaran soft skills terpadu, (2) menganalisis keberhasilan pelaksanaan pembelajaran soft skills terpadu, dan (3) me-nganalisis dampak penerapan model pembelajaran Soft Skills Terpadu dalam pembelajaran Penjasorkes di Sekolah Menengah Pertama terhadap siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research & Development). Subjek uji coba dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas VII pada 4 SMP Negeri di Kota Yoyakarta. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Tahap pengembangan model pembelajaran soft skills terpadu dalam pembelajaran Penjasorkes adalah tahap pendahuluan, pengembangan, dan evaluasi dengam hasil perangkat model berupa buku panduan, perangkat penilaian, dan instrumen pengembangan model pembelajaran. (2) Model pembelajaran soft skills terpadu dalam pembelajaran Penjasorkes menunjukkan tingkat keterlaksanaan yang tergolong sangat baik, memenuhi kriteria valid, sangat efektif, dan sangat praktis. (3) Model pembelajaran Soft Skills Terpadu dalam pembelajaran Penjasorkes di Sekolah Menengah Pertama mampu mengembangkan soft skills siswa.Kata kunci: model pembelajaran soft skills terpadu, pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani, olahraga, dan kesehatan, sekolah menengah pertama DEVELOPING INTEGRATED SOFT SKILLS LEARNING MODEL IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SPORT, HEALTH, AND RECREATION INSTRUCTION IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLAbstractThis research is aimed at: (1) developing integrated soft skills learning model, (2) analyzing the success of integrated soft skills learning model implementation, and (3) analyzing the impact of the implementation of integrated soft skills learning model in physical education, sport, health, and recreation instruction on the students of junior high school. The research was a research adn development (R & D). The subject of the research was students of grade VII in four junior high schools in Yogyakarta Municipality. Data analysis was conducted using qualitative and quantitative descriptive method. The result of the research shows that: (1) The stages of developing integrated soft skills learning model in physical education, sport, health, and recreation instruction include the stages of introduction, development, and evaluation which results model set in the form of handbook, assessment set, and instrument of learning model development. (2) Integrated soft skills learning model in physical education, sport, health, and recreation instruction reveals a very good level of implementation, fulfills the ‘valid’ citerion, is very effective and also practical. (3) Integrated soft skills learning model in physical education, sport, health, and recreation instruction in junior high school is capable to develop students’ soft skills.Keywords: integrated soft skills learning model; physical education, sport, health, and recreation instruction; junior high school
KEPEMIMPINAN (UNTUK) PEMBELAJARAN: JEMBATAN UNTUK MEMPERKUAT PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Wibowo Udik Budi 
Published: January 2017

Pendidikan dipandang belum dapat melahirkan dalam jumlah banyak manusia pintar, bermoral, dan profesional, yang mampu mengedepankan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan ketaqwaan dalam perilaku keseharian. Sehubungan dengan itu kepemimpinan untuk pembelajaran dapat dijadikan strategi dan solusi guna menjawab keprihatinan bangsa tersebut. Kepemimpinan untuk pembelajaran berkaitan dengan pengelolaan penjaminan kualitas pembelajaran, yang dapat menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran yang kondusif untuk mengembangkan potensi peserta didik seutuhnya sehingga dapat mencapai prestasi akademik dan non-akademik yang maksimal, serta bermanfaat bagi kehidupan sendiri dan lingkungannya. Kepemimpinan pembelajaran mengutamakan praktek-praktek pendidikan yang ideal dengan landasan kebenaran, keadilan, kemanusiaan, dan estetika (keindahan); sehingga dapat melahirkan insan-insan yang berkarakter mulia dan profesional.Kata kunci: kepemimpinan untuk pembelajaran, kualitas pembelajaran, insan berkarakter, dan pengembangan sekolah LEADERSHIP (FOR) LEARNING: BRIDGE TO STRENGTHEN THE CHARACTER BUILDINGAbstractEducation couldn’t have been produced a large number of peoples who smart, have high moral standards, and professional, yet; who capable to give priority to human values and faithful in daily live. In keeping with the nation concern, leadership for learning could be use as a strategy or an alternative solution. Leadership for learning concerned with learning quality assurance management, which can create condusive learning environment to develop the wholeness student potential, so he/she could reach maximum academic and non-academic achievement, which is worthwhile for him/her-self live, and the environment. Leaderhip for learning consider as most important the ideal of educational practices, based on truth, justice, humanity, and aesthetics; so it could provide a large number of noble and professional peoples.Keywords: leadership for learning, learning quality, noble people, and school improvement
Corrosion behavior of welded Ni-Co-Cr-Si alloys during exposure in integrated coal gasification combined cycle syngas plants
Authors: Lee Sungkyu , Kim Min Jung , Lee Jieun , Park Joohyun , Kang Suk-Hwan , Lee Seung-Jong , Yun Yongseung 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The corrosion behavior of commercially available and welded Haynes® 160® Ni-Co-Cr-Si alloy samples was investigated by exposure to coal-gasifying integrated coal gasification combined cycle pilot plant facilities under typical conditions as 2.005 MPa and 160 to 300 °C. The morphological and microstructural analyses of the exposed samples were conducted using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis on the external surface of the recovered corrosion test samples to obtain information of the corrosion scale. These analyses based on the pre- and post-exposure corrosion test samples combined with thermodynamic Ellingham-Pourbaix stability diagrams provided preliminary insight into the mechanism of the observed corrosion behavior prevailing in the piping materials that connected the particulate removal unit and the water scrubber of the integrated coal gasification combined cycle pilot plant. Uniform material wastage was observed after 46 hours of operation, and a preliminary corrosion mechanism was suggested: the observed material waste and corrosion behavior of the Haynes® 160® Ni-Co-Cr-Si alloy samples cut off from the coal syngas integrated coal gasification combined cycle plant were explained by the formation of discontinuous (complex) oxide phases and subsequent chlorine-induced active oxidation under the predominantly reducing environment encountered. This contribution supplements the already published studies of Haynes® 556® Fe-Ni-Cr-Co alloys and Haynes® 230® nickel-based superalloys and completes the comprehensive series of such coal-gasifying integrated coal gasification combined cycle pilot plant exposure tests using the facilities affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Engineering.
Repeated Cross-linking After a Short Time Does Not Provide Any Additional Biomechanical Stiffness in the Mouse Cornea In Vivo
Authors: Tabibian David , Kling Sabine , Hammer Arthur , Richoz Olivier , Hafezi Farhad 
Published: January 2017

PURPOSE:
To study whether repeated collagen cross-linking (CXL) performed in vivo in mice shows an additive effect on mechanical corneal stiffness.

METHODS:

In this experimental study, epithelium-off CXL was performed in a total of 18 eyes from male C57BL/6 mice, with 0.27%-riboflavin solution applied for 20 minutes, followed by ultraviolet-A (UVA) irradiation (365 nm, 9mW/cm
2
) for 2:50 minutes (fluence 1.53 J/cm
2
). CXL was performed as either a single (1×CXL) or a repeated (2×CXL) treatment. Un-irradiated corneas served as controls. In the 2×CXL group, the procedure was performed on day 1 and day 4 to ensure complete reepithelialization between sessions. Biomechanical analysis was performed on day 7. Corneas were harvested with a small scleral ring and mounted on a customized two-dimensional flap holder. The biomechanical measurement consisted of three parts: (1) pre-conditioned during three cycles from 0.04 to 0.4 N, (2) stress relaxation during 120 seconds following 0.4 N force application, and (3) stress-strain curve until break.

RESULTS:

After the relaxation period of 120 seconds, highly significant differences (
P
< .001) were found between the controls and both 1×CXL corneas and 2×CXL corneas. No significant difference (
P
= .70) was detected between the 1×CXL and 2×CXL groups. The stress remaining after relaxation was 355 ± 25.2 kPa in the control group, 457 ± 34.1 kPa in the 1×CXL group, and 463 ± 22.2 kPa in the 2×CXL group. No significant differences in the stress-strain curves were found between the conditions.

CONCLUSIONS:
Repeated CXL 3 days after the first procedure does not further increase corneal stiffness in mice in vivo.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2017;33(1):56–60.]
Vehicle Exposure and Spinal Musculature Fatigue in Military Warfighters: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kollock Roger O. , Games Kenneth E. , Wilson Alan E. , Sefton JoEllen M. 
Published: January 2017

Context: Spinal musculature fatigue from vehicle exposure may place warfighters at risk for spinal injuries and pain. Research on the relationship between vehicle exposure and spinal musculature fatigue is conflicting. A better understanding of the effect of military duty on musculoskeletal function is needed before sports medicine teams can develop injury-prevention programs.
Objective: To determine if the literature supports a definite effect of vehicle exposure on spinal musculature fatigue.
Data Sources: We searched the MEDLINE, Military & Government Collection (EBSCO), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Technical Information Center, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for articles published between January 1990 and September 2015.
Study Selection: To be included, a study required a clear sampling method, preexposure and postexposure assessments of fatigue, a defined objective measurement of fatigue, a defined exposure time, and a study goal of exposing participants to forces related to vehicle exposure.
Data Extraction: Sample size, mean preexposure and postexposure measures of fatigue, vehicle type, and exposure time.
Data Synthesis: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. We used the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network algorithm to determine the appropriate tool for quality appraisal of each article. Unweighted random-effects model meta-analyses were conducted, and a natural log response ratio was used as the effect metric. The overall meta-analysis demonstrated that vehicle exposure increased fatigue of the spinal musculature (P = .03; natural log response ratio = −0.22, 95% confidence interval = −0.42, −0.02). Using the spinal region as a moderator, we observed that vehicle ride exposure significantly increased fatigue at the lumbar musculature (P = .02; natural log response ratio = −0.27, 95% confidence interval = −0.50, −0.04) but not at the cervical or thoracic region.
Conclusions: Vehicle exposure increased fatigue at the lumbar region.
Numerical Prediction of Natural Convection Flow in the Presence of Weak Magnetic Prandtl Number and Strong Magnetic Field with Algebraic Decay in Mainstream Velocity
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad , Iqbal Iram , Masud M. , Sultana Nazara 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn present work, we investigate numerical simulation of steady natural convection flow in the presence of weak magnetic Prandtl number and strong magnetic field by involving algebraic decay in mainstream velocity. Before passing to the numerical simulation, we formulate the set of boundary layer equations with the inclusion of the effects of algebraic decay velocity, aligned magnetic field and buoyant body force in the momentum equation. Later, finite difference method with primitive variable formulation is employed in the physical domain to compute the numerical solutions of the flow field. Graphical results for the velocity, temperature and transverse component of magnetic field as well as surface friction, rate of heat transfer and current density are presented and discussed. It is pertinent to mention that the simulation is performed for different values of algebraic decay parameter α, Prandtl number Pr, magnetic Prandtl number Pm and magnetic force parameter S.
Analytical Model: Characteristics of Nanosecond Pulsed Plasma Synthetic Jet Actuator in Multiple-Pulsed Mode
Authors: Li Zheng , Shi Zhiwei , Du Hai 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMulti-field coupling simulation method based on the physical principles is used to simulate the discharge characteristics of nanosecond pulsed plasma synthetic jet actuator. Considering the effect of the energy transferring for air, the flow characteristics of nanosecond pulsed plasma synthetic jet actuator are simulated. The elastic heating sources and ion joule heating sources are the two main sources of energy. Through the collisions, the energy of ions is transferred to the neutral gas quickly. The flow characteristics of a series of blast waves and the synthetic jet which erupt from the plasma synthetic jet (PSJ) actuator are simulated. The blast wave not only promotes outward, but also accelerates the gas mixing the inhaled gas from the outside cavity with the residual gas inside the cavity. The performances of PSJ actuator fluctuate in the first three incentive cycles and become stable after that.
Thermoelastic Interaction in an Infinite Long Hollow Cylinder with Fractional Heat Conduction Equation
Authors: Abouelregal Ahmed. E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this work, we introduce a mathematical model for the theory of generalized thermoelasticity with fractional heat conduction equation. The presented model will be applied to an infinitely long hollow cylinder whose inner surface is traction free and subjected to a thermal and mechanical shocks, while the external surface is traction free and subjected to a constant heat flux. Some theories of thermoelasticity can extracted as limited cases from our model. Laplace transform methods are utilized to solve the problem and the inverse of the Laplace transform is done numerically using the Fourier expansion techniques. The results for the temperature, the thermal stresses and the displacement components are illustrated graphically for various values of fractional order parameter. Moreover, some particular cases of interest have also been discussed.
Calibrating a global three-dimensional biogeochemical ocean model (MOPS-1.0)
Authors: Kriest Iris , Sauerland Volkmar , Khatiwala Samar , Srivastav Anand , Oschlies Andreas 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Global biogeochemical ocean models contain a variety of different biogeochemical components and often much simplified representations of complex dynamical interactions, which are described by many ( ≈ 10 to  ≈ 100) parameters. The values of many of these parameters are empirically difficult to constrain, due to the fact that in the models they represent processes for a range of different groups of organisms at the same time, while even for single species parameter values are often difficult to determine in situ. Therefore, these models are subject to a high level of parametric uncertainty. This may be of consequence for their skill with respect to accurately describing the relevant features of the present ocean, as well as their sensitivity to possible environmental changes. We here present a framework for the calibration of global biogeochemical ocean models on short and long timescales. The framework combines an offline approach for transport of biogeochemical tracers with an estimation of distribution algorithm (Covariance Matrix Adaption Evolution Strategy, CMA-ES). We explore the performance and capability of this framework by five different optimizations of six biogeochemical parameters of a global biogeochemical model, simulated over 3000 years. First, a twin experiment explores the feasibility of this approach. Four optimizations against a climatology of observations of annual mean dissolved nutrients and oxygen determine the extent to which different setups of the optimization influence model fit and parameter estimates. Because the misfit function applied focuses on the large-scale distribution of inorganic biogeochemical tracers, parameters that act on large spatial and temporal scales are determined earliest, and with the least spread. Parameters more closely tied to surface biology, which act on shorter timescales, are more difficult to determine. In particular, the search for optimum zooplankton parameters can benefit from a sound knowledge of maximum and minimum parameter values, leading to a more efficient optimization. It is encouraging that, although the misfit function does not contain any direct information about biogeochemical turnover, the optimized models nevertheless provide a better fit to observed global biogeochemical fluxes.