bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incremental theories of weight and healthy eating behavior
Authors: Ehrlinger Joyce , Burnette Jeni L. , Park Jina , Harrold Mycah L. , Orvidas Kasey 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe examined whether a belief in weight as malleable (an incremental theory) leads to healthier eating than a belief that weight is fixed (an entity theory). Participants with incremental theories of weight consumed fewer calories from high‐calorie foods in a lab‐based taste‐test than did those with more entity theories of weight. This pattern held correlationally, with naturally occurring theories of weight (Study 1), and when we experimentally manipulated participants’ theories of weight (Study 2). A third study provided evidence that differences in self‐efficacy regarding food mediate the relationship between theories of weight and eating behavior (Study 3). One way to encourage healthy eating might be to develop interventions that encourage more incremental views of weight.
Corporate social responsibility and firm financial risk reduction: On the moderating role of the legal environment
Authors: Benlemlih Mohammed , Girerd‐Potin Isabelle 
Published: April 2017

AbstractApproaching the institutional environment through its regulative component, we distinguish between shareholder‐oriented and stakeholder‐oriented countries. Identifying first this classification with the distinction between common law versus civil law countries and using a large sample of 5,716 firm‐year observations that represents 1,169 individual firms in 25 countries between 2001 and 2011, we show that Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) significantly reduces firms’ idiosyncratic risk in civil law countries but not in common law countries. Using then a more direct classification based on shareholder and employee protection scores, our findings suggest that CSR negatively affects firms’ idiosyncratic and systematic risks only in less shareholder‐oriented and more stakeholder‐oriented countries, respectively. These findings are similar in the different components of CSR with two notable exceptions: a high score in corporate governance reduces firm risk only in common law countries, and community involvement increases idiosyncratic risk in more shareholder‐oriented and less stakeholder‐oriented countries, respectively. Taken together, our results strongly support the view that the relationship between CSR and financial risk is moderated by the institutional context of the firm.
The role of unaffiliated bankers on conditional conservatism: Evidence from IFRS information shock
Authors: Bonetti Pietro , Ipino Elisabetta , Parbonetti Antonio 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe exploit IFRS mandatory adoption as a source of variation in the demand for conditional conservatism to examine the role of unaffiliated bankers on the level of conditional conservatism. We show that firms with unaffiliated bankers on boards of directors experience a significant increase in the level of conditional conservatism compared with firms without unaffiliated bankers on boards. These findings hold after we account for other country‐level factors that shape the demand for conditional conservatism. Additional analyses show that the role of unaffiliated bankers on conditional conservatism depends also on firm‐specific incentives arising from the contracting environment. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the role of corporate governance arrangements on financial reporting outcomes.
Do analysts who understand accounting conservatism exhibit better forecasting performance?
Authors: Jung Jay Heon , Lim Sonya S. , Pae Jinhan , Yoo Choong‐Yuel 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the performance of analysts when they match the asymmetric timeliness of their earnings forecast revisions (i.e., asymmetric forecast timeliness) with the asymmetric timeliness of firms’ reported earnings (i.e., asymmetric earnings timeliness). We find that better timeliness‐matching analysts produce more accurate earnings forecasts and elicit stronger market reactions to their forecast revisions. Further, better timeliness‐matching analysts issue less biased earnings forecasts, more profitable stock recommendations and have more favorable career outcomes. Overall, our results indicate that analysts’ ability to incorporate conditional conservatism into their earnings forecasts is an important reflection of analyst expertise and professional success.
Identification and electrophysiological characterization of early left atrial structural remodeling as a predictor for atrial fibrillation recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Yagishita Atsuhiko , Sparano Dina , Cakulev Ivan , Gimbel J. Rod , Phelan Timothy , Mustafa Hossam , De Oliveira Samer , Mackall Judith , Arruda Mauricio 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundVoltage‐guided substrate ablation following pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) improves atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation outcomes. However, by setting an upper voltage cutoff of 0.5 mV during sinus rhythm (SR) to guided substrate ablation using electroanatomic voltage mapping (EAVM), mildly affected low‐voltage area (maLVA) may be undetected. We sought to determine the optimal bipolar voltage cutoff to identify maLVA, its electrogram complexity, and the implication on ablation outcome.Methods and resultsLeft atrial (LA) EAVMs were obtained in patients without AF and structural heart disease (control) to devise a voltage cutoff to identify maLVA. Subsequently, we investigated 100 patients without low‐voltage area (LVA) of < 0.5 mV who underwent PVI alone. In our 6 control cohorts, 95% of LA regional bipolar voltage was > 1.17 mV. maLVA, defined as <1.1 mV, was present in 43% of AF patients, associated with higher prevalence of abnormal electrograms (44.1% vs. 4.4%, P < 0.001). During a median of 2.4 years, patients with maLVA had higher recurrence rate (Log‐rank P < 0.001), and maLVA was an independent predictor for recurrence in a multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR] 3.944; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.292–12.042; P = 0.016).ConclusionsA control‐derived LA voltage cutoff of <1.1 mV for EAVM in SR reveals maLVA, harboring abnormal electrograms, as an independent predictor for recurrences after PVI alone in patients without LVA (< 0.5 mV). Adjunctive maLVA‐guided substrate ablation targeting mildly remodeled and potentially arrhythmogenic LA substrate may further improve the long‐term outcome of AF ablation.
Gestational diabetes mellitus and first trimester pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A: A case–control study in a Chinese population
Authors: Xiao Di , Chenhong Wang , Yanbin Xu , Lu Zhou 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo investigate the relationship between pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A (PAPP‐A) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to determine whether PAPP‐A has improved value for predicting GDM in a Chinese population.Materials and MethodsClinical data for 599 GDM patients and 986 unaffected pregnant women undergoing both antenatal examinations and delivery were retrospectively analyzed. First‐trimester serum PAPP‐A levels were compared between the groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors for GDM, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the value of PAPP‐A for predicting GDM.ResultsGDM‐affected and unaffected pregnant women were significantly different in terms of age (P < 0.001), BMI (P < 0.001), family history of diabetes (P = 0.002), α‐thalassemia trait (P < 0.01), parity (P < 0.001), conception methods (P < 0.001), gestational weeks at the time of labor (P < 0.001) and corrected PAPP‐A multiples of the median values (P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that PAPP‐A levels were negatively related to the subsequent development of GDM (odds ratio 0.798, 95% confidence interval 0.647–0.984). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for maternal factors was 0.684 (95% CI: 0.657–0.711), and did not significantly differ from that for the combination of maternal factors and serum PAPP‐A levels, which was 0.686 (95% CI: 0.660–0.713; χ2 = 0.625, P = 0.429).ConclusionsSerum PAPP‐A was an independent factor for the development of GDM in pregnant Chinese women. Serum‐PAPP‐A does not have improved value with respect to predicting GDM when combined with other maternal factors.
Does increased heat resistance result in higher susceptibility to predation? A test using Drosophila melanogaster selection and hardening
Authors: Hangartner S. , Dworkin I. , DeNieu M. , Hoffmann A. A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHeat resistance of ectotherms can be increased both by plasticity and evolution, but these effects may have trade‐offs resulting from biotic interactions. Here, we test for predation costs in Drosophila melanogaster populations with altered heat resistance produced by adult hardening and directional selection for increased heat resistance. In addition, we also tested for genetic trade‐offs by testing heat resistance in lines that have evolved under increased predation risk. We show that while 35/37 °C hardening increases heat resistance as expected, it does not increase predation risk from jumping spiders or mantids; in fact, there was an indication that survival may have increased under predation following a triple 37 °C compared to a single 35 °C hardening treatment. Flies that survived a 39 °C selection cycle showed lower survival under predation, suggesting a predation cost of exposure to a more severe heat stress. There was, however, no correlated response to selection because survival did not differ between control and selected lines after selection was relaxed for one or two generations. In addition, lines selected for increased predation risk did not differ in heat resistance. Our findings suggest independent evolutionary responses to predation and heat as measured in laboratory assays, and no costs of heat hardening on susceptibility to predation.
Morphological constraints on changing avian migration phenology
Authors: Møller A. P. , Rubolini D. , Saino N. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMany organisms at northern latitudes have responded to climate warming by advancing their spring phenology. Birds are known to show earlier timing of spring migration and reproduction in response to warmer springs. However, species show heterogeneous phenological responses to climate warming, with those that have not advanced or have delayed migration phenology experiencing population declines. Although some traits (such as migration distance) partly explain heterogeneity in phenological responses, the factors affecting interspecies differences in the responsiveness to climate warming have yet to be fully explored. In this comparative study, we investigate whether variation in wing aspect ratio (reflecting relative wing narrowness), an ecomorphological trait that is strongly associated with flight efficiency and migratory behaviour, affects the ability to advance timing of spring migration during 1960–2006 in a set of 80 European migratory bird species. Species with larger aspect ratio (longer and narrower wings) showed smaller advancement of timing of spring migration compared to species with smaller aspect ratio (shorter and wider wings) while controlling for phylogeny, migration distance and other life‐history traits. In turn, migration distance positively predicted aspect ratio across species. Hence, species that are better adapted to migration appear to be more constrained in responding phenologically to rapid climate warming by advancing timing of spring migration. Our findings corroborate the idea that aspect ratio is a major evolutionary correlate of migration, and suggest that selection for energetically efficient flights, as reflected by high aspect ratio, may hinder phenotypically plastic/microevolutionary adjustments of migration phenology to ongoing climatic changes.
Investigating the factors that affect the communication of death‐related bad news to people with intellectual disabilities by staff in residential and supported living services: An interview study
Authors: Tuffrey‐Wijne I. , Rose T. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundMost staff working in intellectual disability services will be confronted with people with intellectual disabilities who need support around death, dying and bereavement. Previous studies suggest that intellectual disability staff tend to protect clients from knowing about death and avoid communication about death. The aims of this study were to gain further insight into the individual, organisational and contextual factors that affect the communication of death‐related bad news to people with intellectual disabilities by intellectual disability staff and to develop guidelines for services to enable appropriate communication with clients about death and dying.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were held with 20 social care staff working in intellectual disability residential or supported living services in London, who had supported a client affected by death‐related bad news in the past 6 months.ResultsStaff found supporting people with intellectual disabilities around death and dying extremely difficult and tended to avoid communication about death. The following factors had a particularly strong influence on staff practice around communicating death‐related bad news: fear and distress around death; life and work experience; and organisational culture. Staff attitudes to death communication had a stronger influence than their client's level of cognitive or communicative abilities. Managers were important role models.ConclusionsService managers should ensure not only that all their staff receive training in death, loss and communication but also that staff are enabled to reflect on their practice, through emotional support, supervision and team discussions. Future work should focus on the development and testing of strategies to enable intellectual disability staff to support their clients in the areas of dying, death and bereavement.
Barriers to and Facilitators of South Asian Indian‐Americans’ Engagement in Advanced Care Planning Behaviors
Authors: Radhakrishnan Kavita , Saxena Shubhada , Jillapalli Regina , Jang Yuri , Kim Miyong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPurposeTo identify barriers to and facilitators of older South Asian Indian‐Americans’ (SAIAs’) engagement in behaviors associated with advance care planning (ACP).MethodsUsing a descriptive qualitative design guided by the transcultural nursing assessment model, data were collected in focus groups of community‐dwelling older SAIA participants, SAIA family caregivers, and SAIA physicians. A directed approach using predetermined coding categories derived from the Transcultural Nursing Assessment model and aided by NVivo 10 software (Melbourne, Australia) facilitated the qualitative data analysis.ResultsEleven focus groups with 36 older SAIAs (61% female, 83% 70+ years old), 10 SAIA family caregivers, and 4 SAIA physicians indicated prior lack of awareness of ACP, good health status, lack of access to linguistically and health literacy–tailored materials, healthcare provider hesitation to initiate discussions on ACP, trust in healthcare providers’ or oldest sons' decision making, busy family caregiver work routines, and cultural assumptions about filial piety and after‐death rituals as major barriers to engaging in ACP. Introducing ACP using personal anecdotes in a neutral, group‐based community setting and incentivizing ACP discussions by including long‐term care planning were suggested as facilitators to engage in ACP.Clinical RelevanceThe study's findings will guide development of culturally sensitive interventions to raise awareness about ACP among SAIAs and encourage SAIA older adults to engage in ACP.
Who's the Boss at the Top? A Micro‐Level Analysis of Director Expertise, Status and Conformity Within Boards
Authors: Veltrop Dennis B. , Molleman Eric , Hooghiemstra Reggy B. H. , van Ees Hans 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this paper we address how director expertise impacts a director's social status and conformity within the board. Our results, derived from two unique multi‐source datasets of peer ratings on director status and conformity of non‐executive directors from Dutch organizations, indicate that industry‐specific expertise and financial expertise differently impact directors’ social status and influence within the board. We find that directors’ individual performance orientation – the motivation to demonstrate expertise – acts as an important contingency for expertise to increase directors’ status within the board. Additional analyses using archival data and interviews with non‐executive directors substantiate our findings and provide additional insight into the dynamics operating within boards. This study extends existing research on boards of directors and provides unique micro‐level insights into the boardroom dynamics that connect director expertise to director status and conformity within boards.
Cognitive‐Adaptive Trait Theory: A Shift in Perspective on Personality
Authors: Matthews Gerald 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTraditional, biologically based trait theories have deservedly gained broad acceptance, but some long‐standing core issues of personality research remain unresolved. Recent research questions whether (a) there can be a single universal structural model of personality superfactors, (b) current theory adequately specifies the processes that mediate behavioral and emotional expressions of traits, and (c) brain‐based accounts of traits adequately explain their role in real‐world functioning and adaptation. This article reviews the perspective on these issues provided by cognitive‐adaptive trait theory. This theory rejects the view that personality dimensions directly reflect brain systems. Instead, traits correspond to variation in strategies for managing key adaptive challenges. Thus, each trait is expressed in environments that pose those challenges, and each trait corresponds to skills and self‐knowledge that facilitate adaptation to those environments. The cognitive‐adaptive theory affords novel perspectives on trait psychometrics, theoretical accounts of mediating processes, and real‐world adaptation.
Anglo‐Dutch translations of medical and scientific texts
Authors: Fransen Sietske 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn the seventeenth century the use of vernacular languages became more and more accepted in scientific publications and communications, and began to supplement the traditional language in this field, namely: Latin. The increase in the number of languages used in science and medicine was accompanied by a heightened need for translators. The close relationship between England and the Low Countries in the seventeenth century has led to a focus in the existing research on political and religious issues, and this has been reflected in the study of translations between English and Dutch. Yet one also finds in the fields of medicine and science an exchange of ideas through translation. The language skills of both Dutch and English men and women were often not sufficient to understand each other's language, which means that translations were vital. By considering the examples of how Thomas Browne'sReligio mediciwas translated into Dutch, and how letters by Antoni van Leeuwenhoek and a publication by Jan Baptista van Helmont were translated into English, this essay examines the exchange of scientific and medical ideas across the Channel.
Female Involvement, Membership, and Centrality: A Social Network Analysis of the Hartlib Circle
Authors: Bourke Evan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis article builds upon the pioneering work of Carol Pal, Lynette Hunter, Ruth Connolly and Michelle DiMeo by carrying out an extensive social network analysis of the Hartlib Papers. By adapting the methodology recently developed by Ruth Ahnert and Sebastian E. Ahnert to analyse Protestant letter networks memorialised in Foxe'sActs and Monuments, this article uses digital and visual tools to assess the importance of female involvement in the Hartlib Circle. It examines how integral female members were to the information flow of this network and the degree to which their positions in the network granted them influence over other members. Through this computational approach, this article also challenges the view that at its core the Hartlib Circle was made up of a group of male friends, arguing that Dorothy Moore Dury and Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh need to be recognised as integral elements of this network's core.
Devotional Culture and Intellectual Community in the English Convents in Exile
Authors: Lay Jenna 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThroughout the 17th century, English convents located in France, Portugal, and the Low Countries offered Catholic women an alternative to England's religious settlement. These exilic communities enabled multiple forms of exchange, grounded in the devotional cultures that flourished within specific religious orders, including Mary Ward's unenclosed order modeled on the Jesuits; new foundations of Benedictine, Augustinian, and Poor Clare convents, among others; and the continuous community of Syon Abbey, forced into exile at the dissolution. In the last decade, editorial projects and data collection have begun to reveal the richness and variety of surviving textual materials, and recent scholarly work has built upon these recovery efforts to demonstrate the significance of the convents in exile to the national and religious identity of English Catholics, Civil War and Interregnum politics, and the development of canonical literary history.
Transient elastography alone and in combination with FibroTest® for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Voican Cosmin Sebastian , Louvet Alexandre , Trabut Jean‐Baptiste , Njiké‐Nakseu Micheline , Dharancy Sébastien , Sanchez Andrea , Corouge Marion , Lamouri Karima , Lebrun Amandine , Balian Axel , Prévot Sophie , Lachgar Mounia , Maitre Sophie , Agostini Hélène , Mathurin Philippe , Perlemuter Gabriel , Naveau Sylvie 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsThe reliability of transient elastography (TE) to assess liver fibrosis is insufficiently validated in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). We aimed to validate the diagnostic utility of TE for liver fibrosis in patients with excessive alcohol consumption and evaluate whether Fibrotest® adds diagnostic value relative to or in combination with TE.MethodsWe conducted a multicentre prospective study on a total of 217 heavy drinkers with high serum aminotransferase levels. Patients underwent liver biopsy, TE, Fibrotest®, PGAA, APRI, FIB‐4 and FORNS. The overall diagnostic performance was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curves and Obuchowski measures.ResultsTE values correlated with fibrosis stage (r=.73; P<.0001) and steatosis stage (r=.19; P<.01). Patients with alcoholic hepatitis had higher TE values than those without alcoholic hepatitis (P<.0001). In an multivariate analysis, fibrosis stage and the presence of alcoholic hepatitis were the only parameters that correlated with liver stiffness. For the diagnosis of advanced fibrosis (F≥3), the AUROC curves were 0.90, 0.85, 0.83, 0.91 and 0.90 for TE, Fibrotest®, PGAA and associations TE‐Fibrotest®, TE‐PGAA respectively. For the diagnosis of cirrhosis, the AUROC curves were 0.93, 0.88, 0.89, 0.94 and 0.95 respectively. The Obuchowski measures for the diagnosis of fibrosis were 0.94, 0.92, 0.91, 0.95 and 0.94 respectively. The performance of TE was not significantly different than those of Fibrotest®, PGAA and combinations TE‐Fibrotest®, TE‐PGAA.ConclusionsTE has excellent diagnostic value for liver fibrosis in alcoholic liver disease. The combined use of TE‐Fibrotest® or TE‐PGAA does not improve the performance of TE.