bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does b1000–b0 Mismatch Challenge Diffusion-Weighted Imaging–Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery Mismatch in Stroke?
Authors: Geraldo Ana Filipa , Berner Lise-Prune , Haesebaert Julie , Chabrol Aurélie , Cho Tae-Hee , Derex Laurent , Hermier Marc , Louis-Tisserand Guy , Chamard Leila , Klaerke Mikkelsen Irene , Ribe Lars , Østergaard Leif , Hjort Niels , Pedraza Salvador , Thomalla Götz , Baron Jean-Claude , Nighoghossian Norbert , Berthèzene Yves 
Published: January 2016

Background and Purpose—
Our aim was to explore whether the mismatch in lesion visibility between b1000 and b0 images is an alternative to mismatch between diffusion-weighted imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging as a surrogate marker of stroke age.

Methods—
We analyzed patients from the European multicenter I-KNOW database. Independent readers assessed the visibility of ischemic lesions of the anterior circulation on b0 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging images. The signal-intensity ratio for b0 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging images was also measured from the segmented stroke lesion volume on b1000 images.

Results—

This study included 112 patients (68 men; mean age, 67.4 years) with stroke onset within (n=85) or longer than (n=27) 4.5 hours. b1000–b0 mismatch identified patients within 4.5 hours of stroke onset with moderate sensitivity (72.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 63.5–82.4) and specificity (70.4%; 95% CI, 53.2–87.6), high positive predictive value (88.6%; 95% CI, 81.1–96.0), and low negative predictive value (45.2%; 95% CI, 30.2–60.3). Global comparison of b1000–b0 mismatch with diffusion-weighted imaging–fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging mismatch (considered the imaging gold standard) indicated high sensitivity (85.9%; 95% CI, 78.2–93.6), specificity (91.2%; 95% CI, 76.3–98.1), and positive predictive value (96.7%; 95% CI, 88.0–99.1) and moderate negative predictive value (73.8%; 95% CI, 60.5–87.1) of this new approach. b0 signal-intensity ratio (
r
=0.251; 95% CI, 0.069–0.417;
P
=0.008) was significantly although weakly correlated with delay between stroke onset and magnetic resonance imaging.

Conclusions—
b1000–b0 mismatch may identify patients with ischemic stroke of the within 4.5 hours of onset with high positive predictive value, perhaps constituting an alternative imaging tissue clock.
Myostenostomum Bulbocaudatum (Catenulida, Stenostomidae): new for Ukraine, rare for the World
Authors: KANANA YULIIA 
Published: January 2016

At present, the stenostomid genus Myostenostomum Luther, 1960 according to Artois et al. (2013) contains 7 species: M. Bulbocaudatum Luther (type species), M. ilmenicum Rogozin, M. lutheri Rogozin, M. marcusi Rogozin, M. vanderlandi Rogozin, M. fasciatum (Veydovsky) and M. gigerium (Kepner & Carter), although the two latter are thought to belong to the genus Stenostomum Schmidt (Tyler et al. 2006–2015). A remarkable feature of the representatives of the genus Myostenostomum is a muscular ring on their gut.
Advancing Polar Prediction Capabilities on Daily to Seasonal Time Scales
Authors: Jung Thomas , Gordon Neil D. , Bauer Peter , Bromwich David H. , Chevallier Matthieu , Day Jonathan J. , Dawson Jackie , Doblas-Reyes Francisco , Fairall Christopher , Goessling Helge F. , Holland Marika , Inoue Jun , Iversen Trond , Klebe Stefanie , Lemke Peter , Losch Martin , Makshtas Alexander , Mills Brian , Nurmi Pertti , Perovich Donald , Reid Philip , Renfrew Ian A. , Smith Gregory , Svensson Gunilla , Tolstykh Mikhail , Yang Qinghua 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The polar regions have been attracting more and more attention in recent years, fueled by the perceptible impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Polar climate change provides new opportunities, such as shorter shipping routes between Europe and East Asia, but also new risks such as the potential for industrial accidents or emergencies in ice-covered seas. Here, it is argued that environmental prediction systems for the polar regions are less developed than elsewhere. There are many reasons for this situation, including the polar regions being (historically) lower priority, with fewer in situ observations, and with numerous local physical processes that are less well represented by models. By contrasting the relative importance of different physical processes in polar and lower latitudes, the need for a dedicated polar prediction effort is illustrated. Research priorities are identified that will help to advance environmental polar prediction capabilities. Examples include an improvement of the polar observing system; the use of coupled atmosphere–sea ice–ocean models, even for short-term prediction; and insight into polar–lower-latitude linkages and their role for forecasting. Given the enormity of some of the challenges ahead, in a harsh and remote environment such as the polar regions, it is argued that rapid progress will only be possible with a coordinated international effort. More specifically, it is proposed to hold a Year of Polar Prediction (YOPP) from mid-2017 to mid-2019 in which the international research and operational forecasting communites will work together with stakeholders in a period of intensive observing, modeling, prediction, verification, user engagement, and educational activities.
Predicting the Climatology of Tornado Occurrences in North America with a Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling Framework*
Authors: Cheng Vincent Y. S. , Arhonditsis George B. , Sills David M. L. , Gough William A. , Auld Heather 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Destruction and fatalities from recent tornado outbreaks in North America have raised considerable concerns regarding their climatic and geographic variability. However, regional characterization of tornado activity in relation to large-scale climatic processes remains highly uncertain. Here, a novel Bayesian hierarchical framework is developed for elucidating the spatiotemporal variability of the factors underlying tornado occurrence in North America. It is demonstrated that regional variability of tornado activity can be characterized using a hierarchical parameterization of convective available potential energy, storm relative helicity, and vertical wind shear quantities. It is shown that the spatial variability of tornado occurrence during the warm summer season can be explained by convective available potential energy and storm relative helicity alone, while vertical wind shear is clearly better at capturing the spatial variability of the cool season tornado activity. The results suggest that the Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach is effective for understanding the regional tornadic environment and in forming the basis for establishing tornado prognostic tools in North America.
Characterization of the Variability of the South Pacific Convergence Zone Using Satellite and Reanalysis Wind Products
Authors: Kidwell Autumn , Lee Tong , Jo Young-Heon , Yan Xiao-Hai 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The variability of the South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ) is evaluated using ocean surface wind products derived from the atmospheric reanalysis ERA-Interim for the period of 1981–2014 and QuickSCAT for the period of 1999–2009. From these products, indices were developed to represent the SPCZ strength, area, and centroid location. Excellent agreement is found between the indices derived from the two wind products during the QuikSCAT period in terms of the spatiotemporal structures of the SPCZ. The longer ERA-Interim product is used to study the variations of SPCZ properties on intraseasonal, seasonal, interannual, and decadal time scales. The SPCZ strength, area, and centroid latitude have a dominant seasonal cycle. In contrast, the SPCZ centroid longitude is dominated by intraseasonal variability due to MJO influence. The SPCZ indices are all correlated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation indices. Interannual and intraseasonal variations of SPCZ strength during strong El Niño are approximately twice as large as the respective seasonal variations. SPCZ strength depends more on the intensity of El Niño rather than the central-Pacific versus eastern-Pacific type. The change from positive to negative Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) around 1999 results in a westward shift of the SPCZ centroid longitude, a much smaller interannual swing in centroid latitude, and a decrease in SPCZ area. This study improves the understanding of the variations of the SPCZ on multiple time scales and reveals the variations of SPCZ strength not reported previously. The diagnostics analyses can be used to evaluate climate models to gauge their fidelity.
Assimilating Retrievals of Sea Surface Temperature from VIIRS and AMSR2
Authors: Brasnett Bruce , Colan Dorina Surcel 
Published: January 2016

AbstractExperiments are carried out to assess the potential contributions of two new satellite datasets, derived from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on board the Suomi–National Polar-Orbiting Partnership satellite and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) on board the Global Change Observation Mission–Water (GCOM-W) satellite, to the quality of global sea surface temperature (SST) analyses at the Canadian Meteorological Centre (CMC). The new datasets are assimilated both separately and together. Verification of the analyses against independent data shows that the VIIRS and AMSR2 datasets yield analyses with similar global average errors, with the VIIRS analysis performing better during some seasons and the AMSR2 analysis performing better in others. Seasonal cloudiness in some regions diminishes the availability of VIIRS retrievals, resulting in better performance by the AMSR2 analysis. Both datasets were assimilated together along with data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), ice data, and in situ data in an updated version of the CMC analysis produced on a 0.1° grid. Verification against independent data shows that the new analysis performed very well, with global average standard deviation consistently better than that of the international Group for High Resolution SST (GHRSST) Multiproduct Ensemble (GMPE) real-time system. This analysis is shown to outperform the currently operational CMC SST analysis, with most of the improvement being due to its assimilation of the VIIRS and AMSR2 retrievals and a further small gain being due to changes to the analysis methodology (including higher resolution).
Bacterial Biofilm in Salivary Gland Stones
Authors: Fusconi Massimo , Petrozza Vincenzo , Schippa Serena , de Vincentiis Marco , Familiari Giuseppe , Pantanella Fabrizio , Cirenza Mirko , Iebba Valerio , Battaglione Ezio , Greco Antonio , Gallipoli Camilla , Campo Flaminia , Gallo Andrea 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveThe pathogenesis of salivary calculi is not yet clear; however, 2 theories have been formulated: (1) “the classic theory,” based on calcium microdeposits in serous and ductal acinous cells, successively discharged into the ducts; (2) “the retrograde theory,” based on a retrograde migration of food, bacteria, and so on from the oral cavity to the salivary duct. The aim of the present study is to highlight the role of bacteria and biofilm in stone formation.Study DesignCase series without comparison.SettingLaboratory of the Department of Anatomical Pathology.Subjects and MethodsTraditional optic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were carried out on 15 salivary gland calculi that were collected from 12 patients. A qPCR (quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction) assay was performed to highlight the presence of bacterial DNA on each stone.ResultsOptic microscopy showed formations that—due to their size, shape, and Gram and Giemsa staining—seemed to be Gram‐positive bacterial cells. PAS‐ (periodic acid–Schiff) and alcian‐PAS‐positive staining matrix was present around them. The ultrastructural observation of the material processed for scanning electron microscopy showed the presence of structures resembling bacterial cells in the middle of the stones, surrounded by soft, amorphous material. Results of qPCR showed the presence of bacterial DNA in the internal part of the tissue sample.ConclusionsThe presence of bacteria and/or bacterial products resembling biofilm in salivary gland stones supports the “retrograde theory.” This evidence may support the hypothesis that biofilm could be the causative effect of lithiasic formations.
Globalization and Violence against Women: The Missing Girls of India
Authors: Banerjee Arpita , Biswas Ranjita 
Published: January 2016

Globalization of the economies has long been hailed as an apparatus that generates and maintains a level-playing field for both genders. It is argued that freer the markets become, the higher will be the opportunities for women to be empowered. Therefore, women will be more enlightened economically and will gain agency. As various forms of violence against women do not show any sign of decline, this article asks a fundamental question about the role of globalization. We examine whether the forces of globalization inadvertently play the role of an ally in the rise of violence against women. This article focuses on an extreme form of gender violence, namely, female foeticide, in India to show how the access to cheap technology may enhance such violence. JEL: J16, F60, F69
Structural Violence against Emigrant Domestic Workers and Survival in the Middle East: The Effects of Indian Emigration Policy
Authors: Kodoth Praveena 
Published: January 2016

Indian emigration policy’s emphasis on restrictions on the mobility of women domestic workers to the Middle East has created conditions in which they are subject to exploitation and abuse in the emigration process as well as in overseas employment. Indian policy has made way for unscrupulous recruiters, raised the costs of migration and reduced returns. It is underpinned not by economics, but by a gendered, caste- and class-based nationalism that regards the emigration of women domestic workers as degrading. In the Middle East, where the ‘kafala’ system of sponsorship endows sponsors–employers with extraordinary powers over immigrant workers, the lack of support from Indian embassies reinforces structural violence. Push factors and the demonstration effect of previous migration motives women to disregard state regulation. Domestic workers survive multiple pressures, tolerate abuse and strive to gain the sponsor’s patronage or defy the system with the help of social networks to tap the gains of informal/illegal employment. JEL: J 619, K 370 and Z 00
Institutional Pressures and Organizational Characteristics: The Case of Polluting Emissions and the Toxics Release Inventory
Authors: Sadler Thomas R. 
Published: January 2016

This article develops a model that demonstrates how organizational characteristics moderate institutional pressures on firms that report annually to the Toxics Release Inventory. In terms of institutional pressures, market forces, non-market forces and regulatory demands influence environmental practices at the plant level. Organizational characteristics of the firm, including firm size, competitive position and degree of internationalization moderate these influences, leading to a firm’s corporate environmental performance. The article finds that firms may voluntarily over-comply with the existing regulation when such action aligns with existing corporate strategies and culture, reducing the possibility of stricter regulation and enhancing a socially responsible reputation. JEL: Q52, Q58, H32, M14, M21
Fifteen-Year Survival of Endoscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Patients Aged 18 Years and Younger
Authors: Morgan Matthew D. , Salmon Lucy J. , Waller Alison , Roe Justin P. , Pinczewski Leo A. 
Published: January 2016

Background: The current body of literature surrounding anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) survival and the variables contributing to further ACL injuries after primary ACL reconstruction in children and adolescents is limited, with no long-term evidence examining the incidence and contributing factors of further ACL injuries in this younger patient population. Purpose: To determine the long-term survival of the ACL graft and the contralateral ACL (CACL) after primary reconstruction in patients aged ≤18 years and to identify the factors that increase the odds of subsequent ACL injuries. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Patients having undergone primary ACL reconstruction at age ≤18 years between 1993 and 1998 who were included in a prospective database by a single surgeon were considered for this study. Single-incision endoscopic ACL reconstruction was performed with either an autologous bone–patellar tendon–bone graft or a hamstring tendon graft. At a minimum of 15 years after ACL reconstruction, patients completed a subjective survey involving the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) questionnaire in addition to questions regarding current symptoms, further ACL injuries, family history of ACL injury, and current level of activity. Results: A total of 288 adolescents (age range, 13-18 years) met the inclusion criteria, of whom 242 (84%) were reviewed at a mean of 16 years and 6 months after ACL reconstruction. Of these patients, 75 (31%) sustained a further ACL injury: 27 (11.2%) suffered an ACL graft rupture, 33 suffered a CACL injury (13.6%), and 15 sustained both an ACL graft rupture and a CACL injury (6.2%) over 15 years. Survival of the ACL graft was 95%, 92%, 88%, 85%, and 83% at 1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively, and survival of the CACL was 99%, 98%, 90%, 83%, and 81%, respectively. Survival of the ACL graft was less favorable in those with a family history of ACL injury than in those without a family history (69% vs 90%, respectively; hazard ratio [HR], 3.6; P = .001). Survival of the CACL was less favorable in male patients than in female patients (75% vs 88%, respectively; HR, 2.1; P = .03) and in those who returned to competitive team ball sports than in those who did not (78% vs 89%, respectively; HR, 2.3; P = .05). Conclusion: After ACL reconstruction in patients aged ≤18 years, a further ACL injury occurred in 1 in 3 patients over 15 years. The 15-year survival rate of the ACL graft was 83%, and the 15-year survival rate of the CACL was 81%. The ACL graft and CACL were most vulnerable within the first 5 years after index surgery. A family history of ACL rupture significantly increased the risk for ACL graft ruptures, and a CACL injury was more common in male patients and those who returned to team ball sports. High IKDC scores and continued participation in sports were maintained over the long term after ACL reconstruction in the adolescent population.
Worldview Matters
Authors: de Kadt Maarten 
Published: January 2016

Comparing Piketty’s inequality generating mechanism (r>g) to Marx’s circuits of capital underscores a central difference: Marx wanted to replace capitalism while Piketty merely wants to fix it by taxing the rich. Piketty’s discussion of slavery reifies human chattel’s role in economic history. The failure to exclude the income of supermanagers as a return to labor may lead to an understatement of the inequality Piketty describes. Similarly, a brief mention of the environment without analysis of the wealth obtained from its abuse also understates the growth of inequality. JEL classification: D31, O15, P1, P3, Q51
Assessment of Psychopathology and Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents With Migraine
Authors: Öztop Didem Behice , Taşdelen Bedia İnce , PoyrazoğLu Hatıce Gamze , Ozsoy Saliha , Yilmaz Rabia , Şahın Nilfer , Per Hüseyin , Bozkurt Selma 
Published: January 2016

Aim: The aims of this study were to investigate comorbid psychiatric disorders and to identify anxiety and depression levels and quality of life in children and adolescents with migraine; and to assess their relationship with migraine. Method: 35 patients aged 9-16 years were followed in our neurology clinic and their parents were included into the study. 35 age- and sex-matched patients were employed as the control group. In the subjects included, psychiatric disorders were assessed by using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version. All children and adolescents were assessed by using the Children’s Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. In addition, the Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Tool and visual analog scale were used to identify the degree of disability and pain severity in patients with migraine. Findings: In the psychiatric assessment of children and adolescents with migraine, it was found that a psychiatric diagnosis was made in 40% of patients; and depression scale scores were significantly higher than those of controls. Quality of life was found to be poorer in patients with migraine compared to controls. It was found that quality of life was negatively correlated with pain severity and degree of disability; while it was positively correlated with depression scores. Discussion: In children and adolescents with migraine, treatment of psychiatric disorders in addition to migraine therapy can facilitate migraine management and may decrease the need for prophylactic therapy.
Laying the Foundations for Scientometric Research
Authors: Perron Brian E. , Victor Bryan G. , Hodge David R. , Salas-Wright Christopher P. , Vaughn Michael G. , Taylor Robert Joseph 
Published: January 2016

Objective: Scientometric studies of social work have stagnated due to problems with the organization and structure of the disciplinary literature. This study utilized data science to produce a set of research tools to overcome these methodological challenges. Method: We constructed a comprehensive list of social work journals for a 25-year time period and searched for all available article records using 35 different databases. Customized software was developed to restructure article records into a single analyzable database. We then computed the annual journal growth from the database. Results: A population of 90 disciplinary journals was established, and 33,330 article records were retrieved from 80 of these journals. Rapid and consistent growth in the number of social work journals was observed, particularly from 1997 up to 2005. Conclusions: The population list of social work journals, database of article records, and customized software builds the foundation for future scientometric studies in social work.