bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Culturally Sensitive Mobile App (DiaFriend) to Improve Self-Care in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Development Study
Authors: LeSeure Peeranuch , Chin Elizabeth , Zhang Shelley 
Published: September 2024

Background
Mobile apps designed with cultural sensitivity have demonstrated higher user acceptability and greater effectiveness in enhancing self-care skills. However, a significant gap exists in developing such apps for specific populations, such as Portuguese Americans living in southern Massachusetts, home to the second-largest Portuguese community in the United States. This group possesses unique cultural traditions, particularly in dietary practices, including a tendency toward high carbohydrate intake. Tailoring diabetes self-care apps to address these specific cultural requirements could substantially improve diabetes management within this population.

Objective
The aim of this app development project was to develop a prototype diabetes management app for Portuguese Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus using the design thinking methodology, incorporating user-centered design principles and cultural sensitivity. This paper describes the phase-2 results, focusing on app design and development.

Methods
Phase 2 of this app development project adhered to the design thinking methodology delineated by the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford University, focusing on 2 critical steps: ideation and prototyping. This phase started in March 2022 and continued until April 2024. The project was driven by a multidisciplinary team consisting of 2 nurse educators; an app development specialist; and 2 graduate research assistants from the university’s Computer and Information Sciences Department, both well-versed in mobile app development. Data collected during phase 1, which will be published separately, informed the app design and development process.

Results
The prototype of the DiaFriend app (version 1) was designed and developed. The app comprises five features: (1) blood glucose monitoring, (2) weight tracking, (3) carbohydrate tracking, (4) exercise log, and (5) medication reminder. The carbohydrate tracking feature was explicitly tailored to correspond to Portuguese food culture. This paper presents the front-end interface flowchart, demonstrating how the user navigates through each screen. It also discusses the challenges faced during the backend development, such as data not being able to be stored and retrieved.

Conclusions
The DiaFriend app (version 1) distinguishes itself from conventional diabetes self-care apps through its emphasis on cultural sensitivity. The development of this app underscores the importance of cultural considerations in health informatics. It establishes a foundation for future research in developing and evaluating culturally sensitive mobile health apps. The adaptation of such technologies has the potential to enhance self-care practices among Portuguese Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus, with improved glycated hemoglobin levels as a potential outcome. The last step of the design thinking methodology, testing the app, will be conducted in phase 3 and the results will be published elsewhere.
A hydrogeophysical conceptual model in the exploration of the "Las Sierras" aquifer: Case of Subwatershed III, southeast sector of Lake Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Castro Hidalgo Darling Fabiola , Chow-Martínez Marcel , Calderón Palma Heyddy 
Published: September 2024

This study proposes a hydrogeophysical conceptual model in a region southeast of Sub-basin III, which is part of the "Las Sierras" aquifer. The methodology employed combines geological data obtained from wells with geo-electric profiles, thus allowing a more precise representation of an underground valley hitherto unknown, primarily related to the materials of the Middle Las Sierras Group (TQps-M), identified as the main aquifer in the area. The delineation of hydrogeological units was carried out considering geological and geophysical conditions, providing valuable information to understand the distribution and behavior of groundwater in the region. The precise identification and delineation of hydrogeological units enable better management of groundwater resources in the region. This more detailed knowledge enables more effective strategies for the preservation and sustainability of local aquifers.
Estimation of total Phenol and flavonoid contents of Citrus limon L Burmf leaves from North Eastern region of India.
Authors: Upadhyaya S. , Khatiwora E. , Bora D.K. 
Published: September 2024

Citrus plants belonging to the family Rutaceae, are traditionally used by the local people India to treat scurvy, rheumatism, stomachic, diarrhea, liver disorders and used as an antioxidant. They are valuable source of phenolic and other biologically active compounds. Phenolic compounds have been reported to have multiple biological effects. In this paper quantitative determination of phenols and flavonoids of Citrus limon L Burmf leaves extracts was carried out using spectrophotometric methods. The plant material was collected from Assam, north eastern region of India. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminium chloride method was used for flavonoid determination. Acetone and methanol extracts of leaves showed quite high amount of phenol as well as flavinoid contents compared to ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts. However, all the extracts exhibited significant results.
Keywords: Citrus limon, Phenol, Flavonoid, Catechol and Quercetin.
Students based tuberculosis prevalence survey in IFTM University Moradabad
Authors: Singh Pawan , Verma Navneet , Kumar Pravesh , Shrivastav Alankar , Khan Najam Ali 
Published: September 2024

Objective: Tuberculosis is a major problem in present timing. So, this survey based on the how much knowledge having by the students. In this present study belongs the national/ international journals of repute database, documents of Indian researcher’s publication data on tuberculosis research were used for the study. This survey given knowledge about the awareness of tuberculosis in present society.
Methods: It was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study where we have interviewed total 156 students respectively. The study involved Pharmacy and Non-pharmacy students from a teaching institution located in the Moradabad city. The name of the institution is IFTM University Moradabad PS and NPS showed that the knowledge about the TB. The data collected was analyses using graph paid prism 7& Chi square test.
Results: With respect to knowledge, higher knowledge were observed among PS about TB. The results indicate the need for healthcare institutions to invest in this topic, aiming to improve students and knowledge about TB.
Conclusion: The results indicate the need for healthcare institutions to invest in this topic, aiming to improve students and knowledge about TB, in view of the important role in the establishment of strategies to prevent and control the disease.
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Questionnaire, Pharmacy students, Non-pharmacy students
Prunus armeniaca (apricot) and Mucuna pruriens (Konch) seeds improves the liver damage in albino rat exposed to nicotine
Authors: Raj Varsha , Mishra Arun Kumar , Mishra Amrita , Khan Najam Ali 
Published: September 2024

Prunus armeniaca (apricot) and Mucuna pruriens (Konch) both are the plant, which are extensively used as medicine in Indian traditional system from ancients, they are considered to increase the protective mechanism against ailments. Nicotine is the main copious components in smoking of cigarette and it is primarily metabolized inside the liver. The current study was performed to explore the role of ethanolic extract of Prunus armeniaca and Mucuna pruriens seed on nicotine induced lethality in rats. Animals are divided in to seven group of with each group (n=6) number of rats. Wistar rats (Group II, III, IV, VI and VIII) were administered with oral nicotine diluted with drinking water for 32 days, While (Group I) plain control was treated with drinking water concurrently, following 32 days Group III, IV were administered with two different concentration of ethanolic extract of Prunus armeniaca seed (200 mg/kg , 400 mg/kg) and Group V and VI received ethanoilc extract of Mucuna pruriens seed at different doses (400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg). Group II served as toxicity group (5mg/kg body weight of nicotine). Rats were sacrificed 24 hrs after last day of administration (40th day), the biochemical and histopathological parameter were studies. A significance increase in the activity of SGOT, SGPT, CRT, Total bile acid, LDL, ALP, TC, TG, TBL, DBL and decreased the activity of Albumin, TP and HDL in nicotine control group was observed. Group IV and Group VI, the ethanolic extract of Prunus armeniaca seed (400 mg/kg) and ethanolic extract of Mucuna pruriens seed (800 mg/kg) make the defensive effects which were found more considerable in rats. Thus the consequence was recommended that the Prunus armeniaca and Mucuna pruriens both were exert the protecting effects during nicotine induced hepatoxicity in rats.
Keywords Prunus armeniaca, Mucuna pruriens, nicotine, hepatotoxicity.
Vishaharayogas in Sahasrayoga: A review
Authors: Hussain Gazala 
Published: September 2024

Ayurveda pharmaceutics deals with preparation of medicines. The formulations are in different forms with a variety of ingredients that are herbal, mineral, marine, etc. in origin. These formulations, based on the ingredients and the forms are mentioned in different conditions including in the management of poisons. Sahasrayoga is a book that is a compilation of different formulations that are mentioned in various diseases. A review of this book has put light on the yogas that are mentioned in the management of various poisons. In this book, for the management of poisons different dosage forms are mentioned like kashaya, churna, leha, ghrita, etc. The formulations mentioned are not just for management of visha but are also indicated in other disorders.
Keywords: Visha, Yogas, Vishaghna, Ayurveda, formulations
BRCA mutation: A review of breast cancer
Authors: Margret Chandira R. , Prabakaran M. , Jaykar B. , Venkateswarlu B.S. , Palanisamy P. 
Published: September 2024

In the present study, we focus on the causes of a major cancer type contributing to the major deaths due to cancer across the world. Breast cancer which accounts for more than approximately 29 to 34% affected to women posing a major cause of death due to cancer. In-situ carcinomas might arise in either ductal or lobular epithelium, but remain confined there, with no invasion of the underlying basement membrane that would constitute extension beyond epithelial boundaries. Approximately 29 to 34% of women with invasive breast cancer will die of their disease. This syndrome presents as skin changes resembling skin condition like redness, discoloration, or mild flaking of the nipple skin. As Paget's disease of the breast advances, symptoms may include skin tingling, itching, increased sensitivity, burning and pain. There may also be discharge from the nipple. Approximately half of women diagnosed with Paget's disease of the breast even have a lump within the breast.
Keywords: Breast cancer, BRCA mutation, BRCA1, BRCA2.
Evaluation of antioxidant potential of Capsicum frutescens
Authors: Maya M R , Ramanaiah Illuri , Venkatakrishna K , Rameshkumar K , Veeramanikandan V , Eyini M , Balaji P 
Published: September 2024

Capsicum frutescens has been known to contain a high level of antioxidant components. We investigated antioxidant activities in various solvent extracts from C. frutescens. The aim of this study is to evaluate invitro antioxidant activity of acetone, carbinol, hot water and hexane extracts of Capsicum frutescens. Preliminary analysis revealed that all the four extracts responded positively for all the phytoconstituents. Acetone extract showed the strongest phenolic and tannin content; showed highest activity for FRAP, ABTS, Superoxide Radical and Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity. The present study explored that Capsicum frutescens has efficient antioxidant activity and could act as safe and cost-effective with potential biological applications.
Keywords: Capsicum frutescens, Antioxidant, Free radical scavengers, ABTS, FRAP
A Survey on Over The Counter Drug usage in the Community
Authors: Mourya Aluri , Mary Chippy , James Chithu , Jose Josepheena , Srinivasan R 
Published: September 2024

Background: The incidence of usage of over the counter (OTC) drugs is drastically increasing day by day. Over the counter drugs are medicines sold directly to consumer without a prescription from health care personnel. In many countries, OTC drugs are selected by a regulatory agency to ensure that they are safe and effective when used without physicians care.
Objective: The study was designed to carry out a survey on over the counter (OTC) drug usage in the community.
Methodology: A prospective and community based study was carried out over 6 months of period. A validated questionnaire was used for the collection of data, given to a total of 774 persons and face to face interviews among the 774, aged 14-84yrs.
Results: A total of 750 participants were enrolled in the study. A significant proportion of the participants identified as practicing self-medication in our study were found to be 77.33%. Majority of participants used OTC drugs for fever (31.551%), headache (30%) and Sore throat /cough/common cold (17.931%). The most commonly used drug as self-medication was Paracetamol (66.103%), Cetirizine (6.55%), and Meftal spas (4.65%). Anti-pyretics/pain relievers (37.41%) were the most commonly used class of drug. The most common reason for self-medication was easy accessibility (21.55%). The most relevant source of information was friends/relatives (27.41%). 52.93% of participants altered dose/frequency of the medication according to their health condition. Out of 580 participants, 108 (18.62%) experienced side effects from OTC drugs in which 21 reported side effects.
Conclusion: We concluded that majority of participants practiced self-medication. The most commonly used drug was Paracetamol and the most common indication for self-medication was fever. Awareness and dangers of misuse of OTC medications among all participants was less. Therefore it is suggested that proper education should be imparted regarding illness where self-administration of OTC drugs to be employed.
A recent review on Nanoemulsion as a topical delivery system of antipsoriatic drugs
Authors: Nimase S.A. , Patil P.B. , Saudagar R.B. 
Published: September 2024

Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are a chronic skin disease of autoimmune system that is identified as patches of abnormal skin, affecting 2-5% of the world’s population. Psoriasis is an incurable lifetime disease which can be controlled and relieved through medication. Various approaches have been explored to treat the disease. Treatment of psoriasis includes topical therapy, systemic therapy and phototherapy. Topical therapy is the main psoriasis treatment. However, the conventional topical treatment such as gel and cream have low efficiency to poor cosmetic and aesthetic appeal leading to poor patient compliance or adherence. Nanoemulsions are transparent or translucent dispersions, having the droplet size less than 100 nm with ultra-low interfacial tension, large o/w interfacial areas and long term physical stability recently, much attention has been paid to the application of Nano emulsion as drug delivery system. A small droplet size would enhance the drug delivery and penetration of a drug through the psoriasis skin layer. A good selection of oils and surfactants would enhance the transdermal treatment efficacy in psoriatic patient.
Keywords: Nano emulsion topical drug delivery, psoriatic treatment
Lichens as promising resources of enzyme inhibitors: A review
Authors: Prashith Kekuda T.R , Lavanya D , Pooja Rao 
Published: September 2024

Inhibition of some enzymes seems to be one of the therapeutic strategies for the management of certain diseases or conditions such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer and obesity. In this review, an updated information on the enzyme inhibitory activity of lichen extracts and lichen compounds by an intensive literature survey is presented. Crude solvent extracts and isolated compounds from lichens were shown to be effective in causing inhibition of several enzymes such as amylase, lipase, lipoxygenase, aromatase, cyclooxygenase, trypsin, β-glucoronidase, prolyl endopeptidase, monoamine oxidase, urease, tyrosinase, xanthine oxidase, Thioredoxin reductase, glucosidase, topoisomerase, pancreatic elastase, phosphodiesterase, telomerase and acetylcholinesterase. Lichen metabolites such as usnic acid and its derivatives, lobaric acid, physodic acid, ramalin, protolichestrinic acid, salazinic acid, atranorin, evernic acid, zeorin, diffractic acid, psoromic acid, methyl β-orcinolcarboxylate, methylorsellinate, and anziaic acid were shown to be inhibitors of some enzymes. In conclusion, lichens can be employed as promising therapeutic agents in terms of their potential to inhibit the activity of certain enzymes that are involved in some diseases or disorders. In vitro culturing of lichen symbionts in optimized media can be carried out to isolate enzyme inhibitors in larger scale and to develop effective therapeutic agents.
Keywords: Lichens, lichen substances, enzyme inhibitors, enzyme inhibitory activity
Formulation and Evaluation of Torsemide Granules (Sustained Release)
Authors: Singh Satya Prakash , Verma Navneet Kumar 
Published: September 2024

The aim of study was to design development and optimize a controlled release system of Torsemide. to increase its bioavailability by increasing the residence time in the stomach without contact with the mucosa, and was achieved through the preparation of floating granules by melt granulation techniques. Torsemide; a loop diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema was chosen as the drug candidate to be formulated as gastro retentive multiparticulate system as it is a weakly basic drug with a short half life of 2-3 hrs. Gelucire 43/01 was selected as a lipid carrier in different ratio (1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5) along with drug. The formulation F1 to F6 were prepared and evaluated for dependent variable (in vitro floating ability) and formulations F4 to F6 were selected as preliminary optimized formulation. The preliminary optimized formulation F4 to F6 were evaluated for micromeritic properties, drug content and percentage yield, in-vitro drug release, percentage in-vitro floating ability and formulation F4 was selected as optimized formulation that exhibited good floating ability and zero order drug release (85.95 %) at the end of 8 hours. Aging effect on storage was evaluated using In-vitro drug release. The In-vitro drug release study of the aged sample showed increase in release behaviour, it may be due to phase transformation of Gelucire. In conclusion, hydrophobic lipid, Gelucire 43/01 can be considered as an effective carrier for design of a multi-unit floating drug delivery system of Torsemide.
Keywords: Torsemide, Floating granules, Gelucire, In-vitro release study.
Assessment of Glycosylated hemoglobin and lipid profile among patients with skin tags in Khartoum State-Sudan
Authors: Omer Khalda Ali , Saeed Abdelwahab Abdien , Elmukashfi Salman Taha Ahmed , Hassan Mutaz Ibrahim 
Published: September 2024

Background: Skin tags (acrochordons) are the common small benign connective tissue tumor of the dermis that occurs in old subjects usually located on the neck and the major flexors .and the aim of this study to estimate the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and dyslipidemia among patients with Skin Tags in Khartoum state.
Material and Methods: This is descriptive case control study and was conducted during the period from March to July 2018. In this study 50 [28 (56%) male and 22 (54%) female] patients with skin tags and 20 [11 (55%) male and 9 (45%) female] healthy individual are randomly selected, blood samples were collected after fulfillment of questionnaire, fasting venous blood collected in fluoride oxalate container for fasting glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides and 2.5ml venous blood in EDTA for HbA1c, and were analysis by spectrophotometer for glucose cholesterol and triglycerides and ichroma for HbA1c,obtained results were analyzed statistically by using SPSS.
Results: The mean of fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, cholesterol and triglycerides of case is (111mg.dl, 5.6 %, 205mg.dl, 160mg.dl) respectively. And the mean of fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, cholesterol and triglycerides of healthy individual is (86mg.dl, 5.0%, 149mg.dl, 170mg.dl) respectively. 62.2% of male has (1-10 ST), 38.5% of male has (11-20 ST) and 37.8% of female has (1-10 ST) ,61.5% has 11-20 ST. case aged 20-40 years (48.6% has 1-10 ST and 15.4% has 11-20 ST ), case aged 41-80 years (51.4% has 1-10 ST and 84.6% has 11-20 ST).
Conclusion: There was significant correlation between number of skin tags and mean levels of fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and fasting serum cholesterol levels, no significant correlation between gender and number of ST, significant correlation between age and number of ST.
Keywords: Skin Tags, Fasting Blood Glucose, Hba1c, Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Sudanese
DETERMINATION OF CETIRIZINE IN HUMAN PLASMA AND ITS VALIDATION OF METHOD USING HPLC TECHNIQUE
Authors: Binti Zuhri Siti Hazar , Azad A.K. , Mia Abdur Rashid , Uddin ABM Helal , Mohd. Nawi Mohamed Sufian Bin 
Published: September 2024

This reseach project is dedicated to analyze cetirizine in human plasma by using HPLC qualitatively and quantitatively, to make a reliable bioanalysis of this drug in human plasma with a goal to utilise it in pharmacokinetics studies. In this research project, cetirizine was extracted from plasma using liquid-liquid extraction by dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. The results in terms of accuracy and precision are compared. For both of the methods, amlodipine was used as the internal standard. Separation was carried out by Phenomenex C18 chromatography column. The mobile phase used here is 35:65, v/v of Acetonitrile to 0.3% triethylamine (TEA) buffer fixed at pH 3 by phosphoric acid, with flow rate of 1mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30 ᵒC. Various wavelength detector (VWD) was used, and detection was set at 237nm. The analysis was linear from 30ng/mL to 500ng/mL. Overall the recovery is more than 90% when using dichloromethane and more than 65% when using ethyl acetate.
Keywords: Bioanalysis, Method validation, Cetirizine, Human plasma, HPLC
Formulation, in-vitro & in-vivo evaluation of Ethyl cellulose microspheres of Glipizide
Authors: Sharma Maya , Choudhury P K 
Published: September 2024

Objective: The objective of the present study was to formulate sustained release glipizide loaded microspheres and evaluate the effect of various variables on their properties.
Materials and Methods: The microspheres were prepared by non solvent addition coacervation method. Ethyl cellulose used as a polymer, petroleum ether (60-40º) for induced coacervation and n-hexane as non solvent for microspheres preperation.
Results: Microspheres were characterized in term of percent yield, percent entrapment and release pattern of drug. The shape, color and particle size of microspheres were also evaluated. According the result of formulation, n-hexane used as non solvent resulted in enhances rigidization of coating and petroleum ether (60-40º) for induced coacervation. The maximum percent yield of GEN6 formulation was 75.7; particle size in the range of 50-450 µ, maximum entrapment was 89.8 ± 0.11% for GEN3 formulation. GEN1 formulation with low polymer ratio showed better in-vitro release between 95-100%. Formulation GEN4 showed 40-50% reduction in plasma glucose level than conventional dosage forms when tested in-vivo.
Conclussion: Result of the present study supported that the formulation showed sustenance release with the potential application of n-hexane for improving the physical properties as well as the release profile of this water insoluble drug.