bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a Smartwatch to Evaluate Subjective Ratings of Driving Functions
Authors: Anna Panzer , Hendryk Lausch , Jannes Iatropoulos , Roman Henze 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAutomating the driving task fundamentally changes the user's driving experience. The driving function now dictates the driving style, previously a product of individual decisions by the driver. Consequently, understanding what constitutes a comfortable driving style becomes essential for ensuring the optimal design of driving functions. This knowledge can be acquired through user studies. As self-reports are often distorted, physiological data can help provide a more objective insight into the emotions and feelings of the test subjects. Smartwatches serve as a convenient and uncomplicated measuring device in this context. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether the accuracy of a smartwatch is sufficient to infer user perceptions and subjective ratings. To achieve this, a subject study is conducted using a driving simulator.
Dynamical Behaviours of the Nose Landing Gear with Freeplay and Stochastic Disturbance
Authors: Du Xiaolei , Xu Yong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractShimmy dynamics of a dual wheel nose landing gear system with torsional freeplay under stochastic lateral disturbances is studied. Dynamic characteristics of the deterministic case are numerically analyzed, especially the shimmy of the landing gear through bifurcation analysis. Meanwhile, the influences of the freeplay nonlinearity on shimmy behaviours are examined in detail. Impacts of stochastic lateral disturbances on the shimmy of the landing gear system are performed via time history and recurrence plots. Our results show that the interaction between the freeplay nonlinearity and the random load induces a significant reduction in the critical shimmy velocity, which has an adverse impact on the stability of the nose landing gear of an aircraft.
Regenerative Brake Blending in Electric Hypercars: Benchmarking and Implementation
Authors: Senofieni Rodrigo , Bassi Federico , Corno Matteo , Savaresi Sergio Matteo , Savaia Gianluca 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a novel Regenerative Brake Blending (RBB) strategy for an electric hypercar, framing it as a multi-objective problem. These include thermal and lifespan management of various components plus maximizing energy recovery. We begin by mathematically modelling each subsystem of the RBB layout. Then, we define an acausal offline optimal control problem to establish a benchmark solution; subsequently we propose a causal real-time control strategy inspired by the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS). The proposed real-time strategy shows a performance loss of 1.6% compared to the benchmark underscoring the efficacy of the proposed RBB strategy in maximizing energy recuperation while considering for brake temperatures.
Indoor Tyre Tread Wear Testing Driven by Outdoor Data Clustering
Authors: Maglia Lorenzo , Fantin Davide , Pontoglio Stefano , Stella Matteo , Sabbioni Edoardo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWear is becoming a topic of major attention for tyres, affecting also other performances. Therefore, its estimation is of utter importance under several points of view, such as predictive maintenance and vehicle dynamics controllers. Indoor testing is emerging as an alternative way for predicting wear compared to on-road outdoor tests, which nowadays represent the standard methodology. Indoor tests, in fact, are performed in a more controllable environment, reducing testing time and costs. However, several challenges must be faced to reproduce indoor the same wear rate/shape obtained in real on-road working conditions. The present paper focuses one of the critical aspects for indoor testing: the definition of the load cycle to be applied to a tyre, i.e. the time history of forces, slip and angles to be provided as an input to the wear machine. Specifically, a clustering approach able to extract from outdoor data a limited set of manoeuvres representative of a given outdoor wear track is proposed.
Trailer Reversing Supported by Steer-by-Wire
Authors: Liu Chang , Roempke Jakob , Klomp Matthijs , Drugge Lars 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBacking up a trailer can be a daunting task, even for experienced drivers. The main challenge being the unstable property of car-trailer kinematics when reversing. With steer-by-wire systems, the mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the road wheels is replaced by an electrical connection. This means that road wheels no longer have to be directly connected to the steering wheel input. The aim of this paper is to help the driver to steer the trailer directly by stabilising the car-trailer kinematics during reversal. This is achieved by developing a steer-by-wire system coupled with a closed-loop trailer reversal control using the necessary feedback. How to obtain this feedback is further investigated in this paper as well as how to use the steering wheel input and torque feedback to interact with the backup assist function. The developed control and user interaction is subjectively and objectively evaluated using computer simulation and a physical prototype of a vehicle equipped with steer-by-wire.The results from the simulation experiments demonstrate that drivers with and without experience of driving a trailer can do the wanted manoeuvres with higher accuracy as well as within a short time span with the controller that is developed in this work. The results from the real life experiments also appears to indicate that the system can remove stress from the driver and move the trailer in an accurate way during a parking manoeuvre.
Optimal Braking and Steering Control Under Split Friction on Curved Roads
Authors: Karyotakis Ektor , Yang Derong , Jonasson Mats , Sjöberg Jonas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to maximize deceleration on split friction roads by combining steering and individual wheel braking. For this, a previously tested optimization problem is adapted to curved roads. The optimal brake force and steering allocation is investigated as a function of the split friction asymmetry. Results show that low friction is more detrimental to maximum braking on the inner side of the curve due to load transfer. Finally, the paper showcases a control strategy for braking on split friction, which enhances safety and manoeuvrability in critical split friction scenarios.
A Fallback Approach for In-Lane Stop on Curved Roads Using Differential Braking
Authors: Sung Jihoon , Choi Seungwon , Huh Kunsoo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDue to the importance of safety in the development of Automated Driving Systems (ADS), research is ongoing on fallback functions for ADS. Scenarios involving steering actuator failures during curved road driving are particularly dangerous, with limited available fallback options. This paper proposes a method for achieving a safer in-lane stop using differential braking when steering actuator failure occurs. Lateral motion is induced by the difference in longitudinal forces between the left and right sides, facilitating an in-lane stop maneuver. The vehicle’s lateral behavior under differential braking and changes in front-wheel steering angle are modeled. A model-based estimator using a Kalman filter estimates the vehicle’s state and steering angle. Based on these estimations and lane information, a controller employing a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is developed. The effectiveness of the differential braking in-lane stop system is validated through simulation.
Study on Continuous Road Friction Measurement Under Various Environmental Conditions
Authors: Kageyama Ichiro , Watanabe Atsushi , Kuriyagawa Yukiyo , Haraguchi Tetsunori , Kaneko Tetsuya , Nishio Minoru 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper deals with a study to construct a road friction characteristic database as the first step in building a system to estimate road friction characteristics ahead, which is one of the major issues in traffic safety. To achieve this goal, we proposed a new method that can continuously measure the peak μ in the μ-s characteristic and showed the measurement results on different road surfaces. Based on these results, in this paper we measure the friction characteristics of snow and ice surfaces at a well-maintained test site and present the continuous μ-s characteristics on the surfaces and the peak μ regions on each surface. Furthermore, measurements are also performed on ordinary roads under snowy conditions, and a comparison with the results from the proving ground, it is shown that we need to examine the dynamics of the μ-s characteristics.
Physics-Informed Neural Network for Mining Truck Suspension Parameters Identification
Authors: Wu Mingyu , Wang Yafei , Zhang Yichen , Li Zexing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMining truck suspensions are prone to performance degradation under complex external excitation of the mining area, leading to high safety risks and maintenance costs. However, the lack of unsprung kinematic information and harsh operating environments lead to inadequate accuracy of current physical models. On the other hand, data-driven methods partially address the issue of incomplete information, but suffer from the absence of interpretability and generalization. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) for precise suspension characteristic identification of mining trucks. Specifically, the physical model of the longitudinal-vertical dynamics of the mining truck is established. Then, based on the model, baseline values of suspension parameters are regressed through the instrumental variable method. Therefore, the hybrid modeling architecture is established to precisely identify suspension parameters by utilizing a recurrent neural network. Under this architecture, the states of the mining truck can be effectively updated. Real truck experiments demonstrate the proposed hybrid model outperforms traditional physical and data-driven models in estimating suspension nonlinear parameters and truck dynamic characteristics under typical longitudinal motions.
A Way Beyond Drifting: Cornering at the Unexploited Region of Dynamics
Authors: Lu Hangyu , Wu Xiaodong , Yan Liang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLinear range considerations in the tire-road contact restrict the potential of dynamic control designs of passenger vehicles, while strong nonlinear dynamics such as drifting are intrinsically dangerous. In this paper, based on the chassis with independent wheel drive/brake torque control, we propose a model-based strategy to exploit the potentials of all four tires in combined slips to elevate the cornering performance in critical maneuvers. The model-inversed results indicate that the maximal achievable steady-state (SS) yawing is larger than the widely-used boundary for control system design. Nonlinear dynamics around the created stable motions are further analyzed by plotting phase planes. With feedback control incorporated, the proposed strategy is verified in simulations for both local and global dynamics. The method also shows a distinctive availability of tuning different vehicles into desired driving characteristics and elevating their performance levels through independent powertrains.
Higher-order-operator corrections to phase-transition parameters in dimensional reduction
Authors: Chala Mikael , Criado Juan Carlos , Gil Luis , Miras Javier López 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The dynamics of phase transitions (PT) in quantum field theories at finite temperature is most accurately described within the framework of dimensional reduction. In this framework, thermodynamic quantities are computed within the 3-dimensional effective field theory (EFT) that results from integrating out the high-temperature Matsubara modes. However, strong-enough PTs, observable in gravitational wave (GW) detectors, occur often nearby the limit of validity of the EFT, where effective operators can no longer be neglected. Here, we perform a quantitative analysis of the impact of these interactions on the determination of PT parameters. We find that they allow for strong PTs in a wider region of parameter space, and that both the peak frequency and the amplitude of the resulting GW power spectrum can change by more than one order of magnitude when they are included. As a byproduct of this work, we derive equations for computing the bounce solution in the presence of higher-derivative terms, consistently with the EFT power counting.
Weyl-Lewis-Papapetrou coordinates, self-dual Yang-Mills equations and the single copy
Authors: Cardoso Gabriel Lopes , Mahapatra Swapna , Nagy Silvia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider the dimensional reduction to two dimensions of certain gravitational theories in D ≥ 4 dimensions at the two-derivative level. It is known that the resulting field equations describe an integrable system in two dimensions which can also be obtained by a dimensional reduction of the self-dual Yang-Mills equations in four dimensions. We use this relation to construct a single copy prescription for classes of gravitational solutions in Weyl-Lewis-Papapetrou coordinates. In contrast with previous proposals, we find that the gauge group of the Yang-Mills single copy carries non-trivial information about the gravitational solution. We illustrate our single copy prescription with various examples that include the extremal Reissner-Nordstrom solution, the Kaluza-Klein rotating attractor solution, the Einstein-Rosen wave solution and the self-dual Kleinian Taub-NUT solution.
A holographic model of magnetohydrodynamics with fortuitous SO(3) symmetry
Authors: Wang Yanqi , Hu Peng-Ju , Pang Yi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study magnetohydrodynamics using holography. The gravity model is closely related to the STU supergravity in five dimensions and admits an analytical black brane solution carrying the conserved charge dual to the magnetic 1-form symmetry of the magnetohydrodynamic system. The black brane solution features a fortuitous SO(3) symmetry, providing a new symmetry principle for describing the magnetohydrodynamics. Since the bulk theory contains multiple 2-form gauge fields, the resistivity becomes matrix-valued. We find that the antisymmetric part of the resistivity matrix exhibits novel features depending on the UV cut-off of the theory. We also compute the shear and bulk viscosities and find that the bulk viscosity is proportional to the shear viscosity. Remarkably, the proportionality constant is exactly what is required for conformality, despite the zeroth-order energy-momentum tensor not being trace-free.
The double scaling limit of randomly coupled Pauli XY spins
Authors: Watanabe Ryota 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider the double scaling limit of a model of Pauli spin operators recently studied in Hanada et al. [1] and evaluate the moments of the Hamiltonian by the chord diagrams. We find that they coincide with those of the double scaled SYK model, which makes it more likely that this model may play an important role in the study of holography. We compare the model with another previously studied model. We also speculate on the form of the Hamiltonian in the double scaling limit.
On Extensions of Set-Valued Homomorphisms “modulo K”
Authors: Jabłońska Eliza , Jabłoński Wojciech 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLet X be a group, Y be a monoid, K be a submonoid of Y and $$n(Y):=2^Y\setminus \{\emptyset \}$$

n

(
Y
)

:
=

2
Y

\

{
∅
}

. In the paper we prove that under some additional assumptions set-valued K-homomorphism $$G:S\rightarrow n(Y)$$

G
:
S
→
n
(
Y
)

defined on a subgroup S of X can be extended to a set-valued K-homomorphism $$F:X\rightarrow n(Y)$$

F
:
X
→
n
(
Y
)

.
A method for temperature sensor and model selection for machine tool thermal error modelling using ANFIS and ANN
Authors: Ariaga Nemwel , Longstaff Andrew , Fletcher Simon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThermal errors account for a significant part of the dimensional errors of components produced by precision machine tools. These errors are commonly compensated using predictions from temperature-based empirical models. The accuracy and robustness of these predictions are affected by the locations of temperature sensors used to obtain the model’s input data. Methods for sensor selection found in literature are often difficult to replicate and automate because they require tuning of several hyperparameters. This work presents a sensor and model selection approach that uses proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and QR pivoting to select a subset of sensors that have been preinstalled in the machine tool as possible model inputs. These sensors are then sorted according to their correlation with the thermal error being modelled. The final set of inputs and thermal error model structure is chosen using Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) to limit model overfitting. The approach was tested by modelling the Y-axis thermal error measured from air-cutting experiments performed under different spindle speeds and feed rates. This enabled determination of the structure and the choice inputs for Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) thermal error models. The accuracy of these models was compared to that of models trained using inputs selected by conventional approaches: the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM), and principal component regression (PCR). The presented approach had better or comparable results to the conventional approaches while using fewer inputs. The presented approach is also well suited for automation compared to conventional approaches that require expert input.
Linkage of Pfister forms over semi-global fields
Authors: Daans Nicolas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study linkage of $$(d+1)$$

(
d
+
1
)

-fold quadratic Pfister forms over function fields in one variable over a henselian valued field of 2-cohomological dimension d. Specifically, we characterise this property in terms of linkage of quadratic Pfister forms over function fields over the residue field of the henselian valued field; in full generality in characteristic different from 2, and for most complete discretely valued fields in characteristic 2. As an application, we obtain a proof that $$(d+2)$$

(
d
+
2
)

-fold quadratic Pfister forms over function fields in one variable over a d-dimensional higher local field are linked.
HLA-G neo-expression modifies genetic programs governing tumor cell lines
Authors: Tronik-Le Roux Diana , Daouya Marina , Poras Isabelle , Desgrandchamps François , Carosella Edgardo D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of immunotherapies has proved to be clinically encouraging to re-establish the immune function modified by the expression of immune inhibitory molecules in tumors. However, there are still patients with poor survival rates following treatment. The elucidation of molecular mechanisms triggered by the neo-expression of particular IC in tumors would constitute a major step toward better understanding tumor evolution and would help to design future clinical protocols. To this end, we investigate the modifications triggered by the neo-expression of the immune checkpoints HLA-G in ccRCC tumor cells. We demonstrate, for the first time, that HLA-G modifies key genes implicated mainly in tumor development, angiogenesis, calcium flow and mitochondria dynamics. The involvement of HLA-G on the expression of genes belonging to these pathways such as ADAM-12, NCAM1 and NRP1 was confirmed by the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated edition of HLA-G. The data reveal multifaceted roles of HLA-G in tumor cells which are far beyond the well-known function of HLA-G in the immune anti-tumor response. This warrants further investigation of HLA-G and these new partners in tumors of different origin so as to propose future new treatments to improve health patient’s outcome.
Development and validation of a new tool to estimate early mortality in patients with advanced cancer treated with immunotherapy
Authors: De Giglio Andrea , Leonetti Alessandro , Comito Francesca , Filippini Daria Maria , Mollica Veronica , Rihawi Karim , Peroni Marianna , Mazzaschi Giulia , Ricciotti Ilaria , Carosi Francesca , Marchetti Andrea , Rosellini Matteo , Gagliano Ambrogio , Favorito Valentina , Nobili Elisabetta , Gelsomino Francesco , Melotti Barbara , Marchese Paola Valeria , Sperandi Francesca , Di Federico Alessandro , Buti Sebastiano , Perrone Fabiana , Massari Francesco , Pantaleo Maria Abbondanza , Tiseo Marcello , Ardizzoni Andrea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are standard treatments for advanced solid cancers. Resistance to ICIs, both primary and secondary, poses challenges, with early mortality (EM) within 30–90 days indicating a lack of benefit. Prognostic factors for EM, including the lung immune prognostic index (LIPI), remain underexplored.

Methods
We performed a retrospective, observational study including patients affected by advanced solid tumors, treated with ICI as single agent or combined with other agents. Logistic regression models identified factors associated with EM and 90-day progression risks. A nomogram for predicting 90-day mortality was built and validated within an external cohort.

Results
In total, 637 patients received ICIs (single agent or in combination with other drugs) for advanced solid tumors. Most patients were male (61.9%), with NSCLC as the prevalent tumor (61.8%). Within the cohort, 21.3% died within 90 days, 8.4% died within 30 days, and 34.5% experienced early progression. Factors independently associated with 90-day mortality included ECOG PS 2 and a high/intermediate LIPI score. For 30-day mortality, lung metastasis and a high/intermediate LIPI score were independent risk factors. Regarding early progression, high/intermediate LIPI score was independently associated. A predictive nomogram for 90-day mortality combining LIPI and ECOG PS achieved an AUC of 0.76 (95% CI 0.71–0.81). The discrimination ability of the nomogram was confirmed in the external validation cohort (n = 255) (AUC 0.72, 95% CI 0.64–0.80).

Conclusion
LIPI and ECOG PS independently were able to estimate 90-day mortality, with LIPI also demonstrating prognostic validity for 30-day mortality and early progression.
The impact of non-structured PSA testing on prostate cancer-specific mortality on New Zealand Māori men
Authors: Matti Bashar , Nguyen Cindy H. , Lyndon Mataroria P. , Zargar-Shoshtari Kamran 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To assess the impact of differences in Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) testing rates on prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and PCa-specific mortality among Māori men in a New Zealand (NZ) population.

Patients and Methods
Māori men aged 40 years or older, without a history of PCa, with a PSA test between 2006 and 2018 were included. The cohort was divided into two groups; the “screened group” (ScG) consisting of men who had at least one PSA test every four years or less, and the “non-screened group” (non-SG). We measured the rate of cancer diagnoses and used competing risk analysis to assess survival.

Results
The study cohort included 63,939 Māori men, with 37,048 (58%) in the ScG. PCa was more frequently diagnosed in the ScG (3.7% vs. 3.0%, P < 0.001). A higher proportion of high-grade cancers were found in the non-SG (32.7% vs. 25.6%, P = 0.001). The 10-year cancer-specific survival was significantly higher in the ScG (99.4% vs. 98.5%, P < 0.001). In a multivariable risk model, PSA testing frequency was an independent predictor of PCa mortality. (HR 2.43, [95% CI 1.97–3.01], P < 0.001).

Conclusions
In a cohort of only Māori men, lower PSA testing rates were associated with a higher risk of PCa-related death. Therefore, regular PSA testing for Māori could improve cancer-specific survival among Māori men. Regular PSA testing should be considered a priority area for improving PCa survival in this population.