bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endurance training: is it bad for you?
Authors: Morici Giuseppe , Gruttad’Auria Claudia I. , Baiamonte Pierpaolo , Mazzuca Emilia , Castrogiovanni Alessandra , Bonsignore Maria R. 
Published: June 2016

Educational aimsTo illustrate the characteristics of endurance exercise training and its positive effects on health.To provide an overview on the effects of endurance training on airway cells and bronchial reactivity.To summarise the current knowledge on respiratory health problems in elite athletes.Endurance exercise training exerts many positive effects on health, including improved metabol­ism, reduction of cardiovascular risk, and reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Intense endurance exercise causes mild epithelial injury and inflammation in the airways, but does not appear to exert detrimental effects on respiratory health or bronchial reactivity in recreational/non-elite athletes. Conversely, elite athletes of both summer and winter sports show increased susceptibility to development of asthma, possibly related to environmental exposures to allergens or poor conditioning of inspired air, so that a distinct phenotype of “sports asthma” has been proposed to characterise such athletes, who more often practise aquatic and winter sports. Overall, endurance training is good for health but may become deleterious when performed at high intensity or volume.
Draft genome sequence of Fusicladium effusum, cause of pecan scab
Authors: Bock Clive H. , Chen Chunxian , Yu Fahong , Stevenson Katherine L. , Wood Bruce W. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPecan scab, caused by the plant pathogenic fungus Fusicladium effusum, is the most destructive disease of pecan, an important specialty crop cultivated in several regions of the world. Only a few members of the family Venturiaceae (in which the pathogen resides) have been reported sequenced. We report the first draft genome sequence (40.6 Mb) of an isolate F. effusum collected from a pecan tree (cv. Desirable) in central Georgia, in the US. The genome sequence described will be a useful resource for research of the biology and ecology of the pathogen, coevolution with the pecan host, characterization of genes of interest, and development of markers for studies of genetic diversity, genotyping and phylogenetic analysis. The annotation of the genome is described and a phylogenetic analysis is presented.
Galectin-12 inhibits granulocytic differentiation of human NB4 promyelocytic leukemia cells while promoting lipogenesis
Authors: Xue Huiting , Yang Ri-Yao , Tai Guihua , Liu Fu-Tong 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
As a member of the galectin family of animal lectins, galectin-12 is preferentially expressed in adipocytes and leukocytes. In adipocytes, galectin-12 is associated with lipid droplets and regulates lipid metabolism and energy balance, whereas its role in leukocytes is not clear. Analysis of galectin-12 expression in a public data set of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples revealed that it is selectively overexpressed in the M3 subtype, which is also known as acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). To investigate the role of galectin-12 in APL cells, we manipulated its expression in the APL cell line, NB4, and measured resultant effects on all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)–induced granulocytic differentiation. With a doxycycline-inducible gene knockdown system, we found that suppression of galectin-12 promoted ATRA-induced neutrophil differentiation but inhibited lipid droplet formation. Our results indicate that overexpression of galectin-12 contributes to a differentiation block in APL cells, and suppression of galectin-12 facilitates granulocytic differentiation. Furthermore, these data suggest that lipogenesis and other aspects of myeloid differentiation can be differentially regulated. Taken together, these findings suggest that galectin-12 may be a target for treatment of the ATRA-resistant subset of APL.
Effects of alcohol withdrawal on monocyte subset defects in chronic alcohol users
Authors: Donnadieu-Rigole Hélène , Mura Thibault , Portales Pierre , Duroux-Richard Isabelle , Bouthier Martine , Eliaou Jean-Francois , Perney Pascal , Apparailly Florence 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption has a modulating effect on immune functions that may contribute to decreased immunity and host defense. It is associated with increased intestinal permeability to endotoxins that is normalized after 14 d of abstinence. Whether and how blood monocyte subsets are impaired in patients with an AUD and what their evolution is after alcohol withdrawal are the paper’s objectives. With the use of flow cytometry, blood monocyte subsets were quantified in AUDs before (n = 40) and 2 wk after (n = 33) alcohol withdrawal and compared with HC donors (n = 20). Expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on monocyte subsets was also quantified. Cytokine response of monocytes was monitored following PGN and LPS stimulation. The CD14+CD16− subset was decreased, whereas the CD14dimCD16+ subset was expanded (P &lt; 0.001) in AUD compared with HC. The frequencies of TLR2- and TLR4-expressing monocytes were reduced in AUD compared with HC. Although the basal production of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF by monocytes in AUD was compared with HC, the PGN- and LPS-mediated IL-6 and TNF production was increased in AUD. Frequencies of IL-6-expressing monocytes were higher in AUD than HC. Alcohol withdrawal partially restored the distribution of monocyte subsets and the frequency of IL-6-producing monocytes and increased the frequency of TNF-producing cells in response to LPS and PGN stimulation to levels compared with those in HC. Our findings indicate that chronic alcohol use alters the distribution as well as the phenotypic and functional characteristics of blood monocyte subsets, which are partially restored following 2 wk of alcohol withdrawal.
Combinatorial approach to cancer immunotherapy: strength in numbers
Authors: Vilgelm Anna E , Johnson Douglas B , Richmond Ann 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Immune-checkpoint blockade therapy with antibodies targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1 has revolutionized melanoma treatment by eliciting responses that can be remarkably durable and is now advancing to other malignancies. However, not all patients respond to immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Extensive preclinical evidence suggests that combining immune-checkpoint inhibitors with other anti-cancer treatments can greatly improve the therapeutic benefit. The first clinical success of the combinatorial approach to cancer immunotherapy was demonstrated using a dual-checkpoint blockade with CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors, which resulted in accelerated FDA approval of this therapeutic regimen. In this review, we discuss the combinations of current and emerging immunotherapeutic agents in clinical and preclinical development and summarize the insights into potential mechanisms of synergistic anti-tumor activity gained from animal studies. These promising combinatorial partners for the immune-checkpoint blockade include therapeutics targeting additional inhibitory receptors of T cells, such as TIM-3, LAG-3, TIGIT, and BTLA, and agonists of T cell costimulatory receptors 4-1BB, OX40, and GITR, as well as agents that promote cancer cell recognition by the immune system, such as tumor vaccines, IDO inhibitors, and agonists of the CD40 receptor of APCs. We also review the therapeutic potential of regimens combining the immune-checkpoint blockade with therapeutic interventions that have been shown to enhance immunogenicity of cancer cells, including oncolytic viruses, RT, epigenetic therapy, and senescence-inducing therapy.
Invited commentary on … Rethinking funding priorities in mental health research
Authors: Bhui Kamaldeep 
Published: June 2016

SummaryThis commentary takes up the notion proposed by Lewis-Fernández and colleagues that we need more balance in research priorities. Specifically, our reliance on neurobiology may be misplaced and likely to be unrewarding unless we ensure that: (a) research with better return for patients and the public is also pursued; (b) research findings are put into practice; and (c) we retain a focus on proportionate investment in service provision. Patient, public and economic perspectives should drive the decision making for better investment, and behaviour change might be better targeted at commissioners and policy makers rather than patients and providers.
Biomedical Mutation Analysis (BMA): A software tool for analyzing mutations associated with antiviral resistance
Authors: Salvatierra Karina , Florez Hector 
Published: June 2016

Introduction:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered a major public health problem, with 200 million people infected worldwide. The treatment for HCV chronic infection with pegylated interferon alpha plus ribavirin inhibitors is unspecific; consequently, the treatment is effective in only 50% of patients infected. This has prompted the development of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) that target virus proteins. These DAA have demonstrated a potent effectin vitroandin vivo; however, virus mutations associated with the development of resistance have been described.Objective: To design and develop an online information system for detecting mutations in amino acids known to be implicated in resistance to DAA.Materials and methods: We have used computer applications, technological tools, standard languages, infrastructure systems and algorithms, to analyze positions associated with resistance to DAA for the NS3, NS5A, and NS5B genes of HCV.Results: We have designed and developed an online information system named Biomedical Mutation Analysis (BMA), which allows users to calculate changes in nucleotide and amino acid sequences for each selected sequence from conventional Sanger and cloning sequencing using a graphical interface.Conclusion: BMA quickly, easily and effectively analyzes mutations, including complete documentation and examples. Furthermore, the development of different visualization techniques allows proper interpretation and understanding of the results.The data obtained using BMA will be useful for the assessment and surveillance of HCV resistance to new antivirals, and for the treatment regimens by selecting those DAA to which the virus is not resistant, avoiding unnecessary treatment failures. The software is available at: http://bma.itiud.org.
Prescribing treatments for the management of rosacea
Authors: Croney Stacey 
Published: June 2016

Rosacea is a common skin condition affecting predominantly young to midle-aged adults. stacey Croney focuses on the features of rosacea and the treatments that are available to help improve the condition Rosacea, a chronic and inflammatory skin condition, is very common and can be distressing for patients. Rosacea may seem inconsequential to those without the condition, but it has physical effects and can affect self-esteem. this article ensures prescribers understand the different types of rosacea, the symptoms, and the available medicines—existing and new.
Complex elbow instability: surgical management of elbow fracture dislocations
Authors: Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquín , Morrey Mark 
Published: June 2016

There are three main patterns of complex elbow instability: posterolateral (terrible triad), varus posteromedial (anteromedial coronoid fracture with lateral collateral ligament complex disruption), and trans-olecranon fracture dislocations. Radial head fractures, in the setting of complex elbow instability, often require internal fixation or arthroplasty; the outcome of radial head replacement is dictated by adequate selection of the head diameter, correct restoration of radial length, and proper alignment and tracking. Small coronoid fractures can be ignored. Larger coronoid fractures, especially those involving the anteromedial facet, require fixation or graft reconstruction, particularly in the presence of incongruity. The lateral collateral ligament complex should be repaired whenever disrupted. Medial collateral ligament disruptions seem to heal reliably without surgical repair provided all other involved structures are addressed. The most common mistakes in the management of trans-olecranon fracture dislocations are suboptimal fixation, lack of fixation of coronoid fragments, and lack of restoration of the natural dorsal angulation of the ulna. Cite this article: Sanchez-Sotelo J, Morrey M. Complex elbow instability. EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:183-190.
Teaching College Students With Intellectual Disability: What Faculty Members Say About the Experience
Authors: Jones Melissa M. , Harrison Beth , Harp Bev , Sheppard-Jones Kathy 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The landscape of diversity on higher education campuses has expanded as students with intellectual disability (ID) gain access to higher education through a variety of programs throughout the United States. The benefits and drawbacks of including students with ID in the college classroom and culture are becoming apparent, but more remains to be discovered as we look deeply in to the lived experience of postsecondary inclusion. The aim of this study was to investigate university faculty member perceptions about and experiences with the inclusion of students with ID in college classrooms. To accomplish this, the investigators examined the perceptions of faculty members at a regional 4-year university who had experience in postsecondary inclusion. We used an online survey to mine the benefits and challenges to faculty members and students enrolled in their courses, both with and without ID. Faculty perceptions are shared as well as implications for societal change.
Badland beach: The Australian beach as a site of cultural remembering
Authors: Ellison Elizabeth 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The image of the Australian beach as a place of beautiful waves and sand is popular on postcards and seen frequently in tourism campaigns around the world. And yet, the beach is a surprisingly complex spatial location. Despite its beauty, the beach can have a disturbing underbelly of crime and danger. The ongoing tension between its role as a cultural icon of myth as well as an ordinary, lived location makes it a layered landscape. This article uses the framework of Ross Gibson’s ‘badland’ as a way of interrogating cultural memory in a lived, familiar space. By examining a combination of popular and literary texts such as fiction by Robert Drewe and the reality television show Bondi Rescue (2006–), as well as real life events, this article examines how the Australian beach can be a site of complex memory, and how this memory bleeds through and problematizes contemporary understandings and representations of the space.
Evaluation of the elderlies’s attitudes towards young people<p> Yaşlı bireylerin gençlere yönelik tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kıpçak Seda , Dedeli Özden 
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study was to assess the elderlies who stay in nursing home’ attitudes towards young people. This study which is descriptive and cross sectional was conducted with 134 elderlies living in three nursing homes in Manisa (n=134). The data were collected by a demographic questionnaire and Attitude Scale Towards Young People (ASTYP). Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U and Spearman’ s rho correlation analysis were used in statistical analysis. The mean age of elderlies were 74.0±6.7 (66-95) years, 69.4% were male. The elderlies’ mean scores of ASTYP were found 167.7 ± 12.7 (118.0-211.0). The results of this study show that the elderlies, staying in nursing homes, have a negative attitudes towards young people. But; the elderlies, having more children and grandchildren than another and divorced or widowed, have more positive attitudes towards young people. ÖzetBu çalışmada amaç, huzurevinde kalan yaşlı bireylerin gençlere yönelik tutumlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki araştırma, Manisa ili sınırları içerisinde üç huzurevinde yaşayan 134 yaşlı birey ile yürütüldü (n=134). Araştırmada veriler, araştırmacı tarafından sosyodemografik bilgiler soru formu ve Gençlere Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (GYTÖ)’i kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U ve Spearman’s rho korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan yaşlı bireylerin yaş ortalaması 74.0±6.7 yıl (66-95) olup büyük çoğunluğu (%69.4) erkekti. Yaşlı bireylerin GYTÖ’ den almış oldukları toplam puan ortalaması 167.7±12.7 (118.0-211.0)’ dir. Araştırma sonucunda, huzurevinde kalan yaşlı bireylerin gençlere yönelik olumsuz tutumlara sahip olduğu bulundu. Yaşlı bireylerin genel tutumları olumsuz olmasına rağmen çocuk ve torun sayısı fazla olan ve eşi ölmüş ya da boşanmış olan yaşlı bireylerin gençlere yönelik tutumları olumlu yöndeydi.
An effıcıent approach to care cost effectıveness ın patıents dıagnosed wıth stable COPD: Patıent coachıng<p> Stabil KOAH tanılı hastalarda bakım maliyet etkinliği üzerine etkili bir yaklaşım: Hasta koçluğu
Authors: Tülüce Derya , Kutlutürkan Sevinç 
Published: June 2016

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a disease characterized by chronic asthma, bronchitis, and interstitial pulmonary diseases. The most frequent and ever-exacerbating symptoms of the disease involve dyspnea, cough, sputum, loss of appetite, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. As the incidence, severity and distress of symptoms accelarate; treatment and care needs of patients also increase. Increasing treatment and care needs in the process of disease and adherence to treatment have a negative effect on the care cost. Patient coaching is an approach that will make an important contribution to the increase of adherence to treatment and disease and the decrease of care cost by developing the symptom management and self-care skills of patients. ÖzetKronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı (KOAH); kronik astım, bronşit ve interstisyel akciğer hastalıkları ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. Hastalıkta en sık karşılaşılan ve şiddeti giderek artan semptomlar, dispne, öksürük, balgam, iştahsızlık, yorgunluk, anksiyete ve depresyondur. Semptomların görülme oranı, şiddeti ve bireyde yarattığı stres düzeyi arttıkça hastaların tedavi ve bakım gereksinimlerinde de artış görülmektedir. Hastalık ve tedaviye uyum sürecinde artan tedavi ve bakım gereksinimleri bakım maliyetini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Hasta koçluğu, hastaların semptom yönetimi ve öz bakım becerilerini geliştirerek hastalığa ve tedaviye uyumunun artmasında ve bakım maliyetinin düşmesinde önemli katkı sağlayacak olan bir yaklaşımdır.
Społeczna wiedza i legitymizacja a przemiany polskiego uniwersytetu
Authors: Stankiewicz Łukasz 
Published: June 2016

W przeciągu ostatniej dekady polski system szkolnictwa wyższego i nauki został poddany serii reform radykalnie zmieniających jego stosunki z państwem. Jednocześnie znaczącej transformacji uległ jego wizerunek w strefie publicznej. W przebiegu debaty nad pożądanym kierunkiem reform, akademia – jej pracownicy, praktyki i formy instytucjonalne – zostały poddane silnej krytyce. Celem tego artykułu jest opis mechanizmów zmian, jakie dokonały się w zakresie publicznej wiedzy i legitymizacji systemu szkolnictwa wyższego i nauki w potransformacyjnej Polsce. Analiza opiera się na badaniu materiałów prasowych pochodzących z „Gazety Wyborczej” i jej wydań lokalnych z lat 1989-2014. Efekty debaty publicznej obejmującej lata 2008-2014 są interpretowane, jako kryzys legitymizacji polskiego uniwersytetu, wymuszający przejście z tradycyjnego dla akademii trybu legitymizacji opartego na społecznym autorytecie, do racjonalnych form legitymizacji, opartych na precyzyjnej definicji produktów i silnie zapośredniczonej przez aparat państwowy.
The influence of cooling techniques on cutting forces and surface roughness during cryogenic machining of titanium alloys
Authors: Wstawska Iwona , Ślimak Krzysztof 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Titanium alloys are one of the materials extensively used in the aerospace industry due to its excellent properties of high specific strength and corrosion resistance. On the other hand, they also present problems wherein titanium alloys are extremely difficult materials to machine. In addition, the cost associated with titanium machining is also high due to lower cutting velocities and shorter tool life. The main objective of this work is a comparison of different cooling techniques during cryogenic machining of titanium alloys. The analysis revealed that applied cooling technique has a significant influence on cutting force and surface roughness (Ra parameter) values. Furthermore, in all cases observed a positive influence of cryogenic machining on selected aspects after turning and milling of titanium alloys. This work can be also the starting point to the further research, related to the analysis of cutting forces and surface roughness during cryogenic machining of titanium alloys.
Arbeitszeit und Arbeitsorganisation
Authors: Bosch Gerhard 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Im diesem Beitrag wird der Zusammenhang zwischen Arbeitszeit und Arbeitsorganisation thematisiert. Es wurde erstens gezeigt, dass die Veränderungsdynamik bei der Arbeitszeit heute gleichzeitig aus den Produkt- und den Arbeitsmärkten kommt. Während die Beschleunigung der Wirtschaft auf eine Aufhebung aller zeitlichen Begrenzungen beim Arbeitseinsatz zielt, wollen die Arbeitskräfte verschiedene Lebensbereiche in Einklang bringen, sind also nur mit Restriktionen, einsetzbar. Zweitens wurde erkennbar, dass nur ein Teil der Unternehmen dezentrale post-tayloristische Formen der Arbeitsorganisation einführt. Auf der anderen Seite kann man aber eine Wiederbelebung des Taylorismus beobachten, der allerdings nicht mehr wie in der Vergangenheit auf Standardarbeitszeiten basiert, sondern auf der Koordination von Beschäftigtengruppen mit unterschiedlichen Arbeitszeiten. Drittens wurde nachgewiesen, dass man angesichts dieser Ausdifferenzierung der Formen der Arbeitsorganisation für eine Politik der Arbeitsumverteilung unterschiedliche Strategien entwickeln muss. In post-tayloristischen Formen der Arbeitsorganisation mit seiner hohen Selbstorganisation breiten sich überlange Arbeitszeiten aus. In den tayloristischen Arbeitsorganisation mit kurzen Arbeitszeiten geht es vor allem um die Bereitschaft der Beschäftigten zu kurzfristigen Arbeitszeitvariationen.
Dezentralisierung in der deutschen Investitionsgüterindustrie
Authors: Latniak Erich , Kinkel Steffen , Lay Gunter 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Der vorliegende Beitrag geht auf der Grundlage einer repräsentativen Erhebung der Frage nach, wie breit und kohärent Dezentralisierungsmaßnahmen in der deutschen Investitionsgüterindustrie umgesetzt wurden. Dabei wird zwischen operativer und strategischer Dezentralisierung unterschieden. Es zeigt sich, dass das Ausmaß der Diffusion in hohem Maße davon bestimmt wird, was sich hinter modischen Etiketten wie Gruppenarbeit, Hierarchieabbau, Aufgabenintegration oder Segmentierung verbirgt. Gleichzeitig wird deutlich, dass umfassende und kohärente Dezentralisierung in der Industrie bislang eher die Ausnahme ist. Einseitig die strategischen Dezentralisierungsansätze betonende Dezentralisierungsmuster sind dagegen weiter verbreitet. Abschließend wird gezeigt, dass die Dezentralisierung sowohl Auswirkungen auf die betriebliche Leistungsfähigkeit wie auch auf die Personalseite hat.