bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre‐Plant Nitrogen Fertilizer Uptake and Partitioning in Furrow‐Irrigated Corn
Authors: Greub Chester E. , Roberts Trenton L. , Slaton Nathan A. , Kelley Jason P. 
Published: September 2017

Pre‐plant N rate and application method displayed no significant influence on end‐of‐season corn total N uptake when adequate N is applied in‐season.
Approximately 75% of the pre‐plant N that was recovred in the corn plant at maturity was taken up after the V6 growth stage.
Results indicate that about 60 to 85% of pre‐plant fertilizer N applied to corn was not recovered by the plant, indicating a low recovery of pre‐plant N fertilizer in furrow‐irrigated mid‐South corn.
Nitrogen fertilizer is routinely required to produce maximum corn (Zea mays L.) yield in the mid‐South. Two field experiments were established to evaluate the fertilizer‐N recovery and partitioning of 15N‐labeled urea applied pre‐plant to furrow‐irrigated corn at the R6 growth stage. Pre‐plant 15N‐labeled fertilizer was applied at rates of 0, 34, 67, and 100 kg N ha−1 using application methods including an incorporated, surface broadcast, and water‐furrow application. Additional non‐labeled N was applied in‐season at the V6 growth stage so that the season‐total N fertilizer rate applied in all treatments receiving N was equal to 270 kg N ha−1. The mass fertilizer‐nitrogen recovery (MFNR) and Δ MFNR increased as pre‐plant N rate increased in both years. Pre‐plant N rate and application method displayed no significant influence on total‐nitrogen (TN) uptake when additional N was applied in‐season. Fertilizer‐N recovery efficiency (FNRE) of pre‐plant N ranged from 14.8 to 39.9%. Of the MFNR of pre‐plant N at maturity, 75% was taken up by the corn after the V6 growth stage. The 67 kg N ha−1 application rate of pre‐plant N was the lowest N rate that simultaneously maximized yield and FNRE both years. Pre‐plant N fertilizer that was applied broadcast or incorporated resulted in the greatest yield, percent TN in the grain, and percent MFNR in the grain at maturity in both years. Producers are encouraged to incorporate or broadcast 67 kg N ha−1 or less pre‐plant for furrow‐irrigated corn when additional N is applied in‐season.
Lead Speciation and In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Compost‐Amended Urban Garden Soils
Authors: Attanayake Chammi P. , Hettiarachchi Ganga M. , Ma Qing , Pierzynski Gary M. , Ransom Michel D. 
Published: September 2017

In situ soil amendments can modify the Pb bioavailability by changing soil Pb speciation. Urban soils from three vegetable gardens containing different total Pb concentrations were used. The study evaluated how compost amendment and aging of soil‐compost mixture in situ affected the following: (i) soil Pb speciation in the field and (ii) change of soil Pb speciation during an in vitro bioaccessibility extraction mimicking gastric phase dissolution at pH 2.5. X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy was used to determine Pb speciation in amended and nonamended soils and residues left after in vitro bioaccessibility extraction of those soils. Compost amendment and aging of compost in the field had a negligible effect on Pb bioaccessibility in the soils. Major Pb species in the soils were Pb sorbed to Fe oxy(hydr)oxide (Pb‐Fh) and to soil organic C (Pb‐Org). The fraction of Pb‐Org was increased as soil‐compost mixture aged in the field. During the in vitro extraction, the fraction of Pb‐Fh was decreased, the fraction of Pb‐Org was increased, and hydroxypyromorphite was formed in both amended and nonamended soils. Freshly incorporated compost enhanced the dissolution of Pb‐Fh during the extraction. As soil‐compost mixture aged in the field, the dissolution of Pb‐Fh was low, demonstrating more stability of the Pb‐Fh during the extraction. Compost amendment showed potential to contribute to reduced bioaccessibility of Pb as compost aged in the soil by increasing Pb‐Org fraction in the field and stability of Pb‐Fh during the in vitro bioaccessibility extraction.Core Ideas
The dominant Pb species in the tested urban soils were Pb‐Fh and Pb‐Org.
The fraction of Pb‐Org was increased as soil‐compost mixture aged.
During the in vitro extraction, Pb‐Fh was dissolved, and Pb‐Org and HP were formed.
aged soil‐compost mixture reduced pb‐fh dissolution during the in vitro extraction.
The Forchheimer Approach for Soil Air Permeability Measurement
Authors: Schjønning Per , Koppelgaard Michael 
Published: September 2017

Core Ideas
We developed an apparatus with automatic registration of flow (Q) and pressure (ΔP).
A curvilinear Q–ΔP relation was found for seven of eight soil samples tested.
Ignoring non‐linear pressure loss gave permeability errors up to 65% at ΔP=100 Pa.
We suggest an index for pore tortuosity based on the non‐linear Q–ΔP relation.
Air permeability affects a range of soil functions and is useful in the quantification of soil pore characteristics. Measurements of air flow used to quantify air permeability are mostly performed at a fixed pressure difference, assuming a linear relation between flow and pressure. However, evidence exists that nonlinear pressure losses may occur even at low pressure gradients. We constructed an apparatus that allows automatic measurement of air flow at a range of pressures. The new methodology was applied to eight soil samples deriving from a loamy, Stagnic luvisol. Three artificial cores were also tested: a solid cylinder of plastic with drilled, vertical holes; a cylinder of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), and an AAC cylinder with drilled holes. The historical Forchheimer approach, including a polynomial regression of flow–pressure data, was applied to derive the true Darcian flow based on the coefficient to the linear part of the relation. Flow‐pressure data appeared to be curvilinear for all test specimens, except for one of the soil samples. The results showed up to 65% errors in estimates of air permeability if the nonlinear pressure losses were ignored when applying a pressure difference as low as 100 Pa. Our results strongly suggest use of the Forchheimer approach based on measurements of flow and pressure difference at a range of air pressures. We suggest an index for soil pore tortuosity, which appears to reflect the pore characteristics of the artificial samples tested. More studies are needed to evaluate the applicability of the index for soil samples.
Enhanced degradation of micropollutants by zero-valent aluminum activated persulfate: assessment of toxicity and genotoxic activity
Authors: Olmez-Hanci T. , Arslan-Alaton I. , Doğan M. , Khoei S. , Fakhri H. , Korkmaz G. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Advanced oxidation of the aqueous Triton™ X-45 (TX-45), iopamidol (IOPA), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and bisphenol A (BPA) solutions via activation of persulfate (PS) with zero-valent aluminum (ZVA) was investigated. The study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the PS/ZVA process in terms of target micropollutants (MPs) and toxicity abatements in raw surface water (RSW) and distilled water (DW). TX-45, CIP and BPA were completely degraded after 90-minute, 120-minute and 40-minute treatment, respectively, with PS/ZVA in DW, whereas 95% IOPA removal was achieved after 120-minute (MPs = 2 mg/L; ZVA = 1 g/L; PS = 0.25 mM for CIP and BPA; PS = 0.50 mM for TX-45 and IOPA; pH = 3). TX-45 (59%), IOPA (29%), CIP (73%) and BPA (46%) removal efficiencies decreased after 120-minute PS/ZVA treatment in RSW. In DW, Vibrio fischeri toxicities of original (untreated) MPs were found as: CIP (51%) &gt; BPA (40%) &gt; TX-45 (15%) &gt; IOPA (1%), and as BPA (100%) &gt; CIP (66%) &gt; IOPA (62%) &gt; TX-45 (35%) in RSW. Acute toxicities of MPs and their degradation products fluctuated during PS/ZVA treatment both in DW and RSW samples and resulted in different relative inhibition values after 120-minute. The original and PS/ZVA-treated TX-45, IOPA and BPA in DW exhibited neither cytotoxic nor genotoxic effects, whereas CIP oxidation ended up in degradation products with genotoxic effects.
Conventional Versus Accelerated Collagen Cross-Linking for Keratoconus: A Comparison of Visual, Refractive, Topographic and Biomechanical Outcomes
Authors: Woo Jyh Haur , Iyer Jayant Venkatramani , Lim Li , Hla M Htoon , Mehta Jodhbir S , Chan Cordelia ML , Tan Donald TH 
Published: September 2017

Objective:
The aim was to compare the visual, refractive, topographic and biomechanical outcomes in patients with progressive keratoconus treated with either conventional or accelerated crosslinking at one year follow up.

Methods:
It is a prospective, non-randomised interventional study of 76 patients who underwent conventional (CXL; 3mW/cm2 for 30 minutes) or accelerated cross linking (KXL; 30mW/cm2 for 4 minutes) for progressive keratoconus. Baseline and postoperative visual acuity, manifest refraction, corneal topography, pachymetry, endothelial cell density and biomechanical parameters of corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor were evaluated and compared.

Results:
The 2 groups were comparable in terms of uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity and spherical equivalent. Both groups showed no significant increase in K1, K2 and Kmean from baseline at 12 months. There was also no difference between the CXL and KXL group for postoperative corneal topography as well as central and minimal pachymetry up to 12 months. There was a significant increase in both corneal hysteresis (0.62mm Hg, P=0.04) and corneal resistance factor (0.91mm Hg, P=0.003) in the KXL group at 12 months but not in the CXL group. There was no significant endothelial cell loss throughout follow up in both the groups.

Conclusion:
We have established comparability of the 2 protocols in stabilizing the progression of keratoconus. Our findings also suggested an added biomechanical advantage of accelerated crosslinking at 1 year follow up.
Examining Microstructural White Matter in Active Duty Soldiers with a History of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Traumatic Stress
Authors: Dretsch Michael N. , Lange Rael T. , Katz Jeffery S. , Goodman Adam , Daniel Thomas A. , Deshpande Gopikrishna , Denney Thomas S. , Iverson Grant L. , Robinson Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2017

Background:There is a high comorbidity of posttraumatic stress (PTS) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), with largely overlapping symptomatology, in military service members.Objective:To examine white matter integrity associated with PTS and mTBI as assessed using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Method:Seventy-four active-duty U.S. soldiers with PTS (n = 16) and PTS with co-morbid history of mTBI (PTS/mTBI; n = 28) were compared to a military control group (n = 30). Participants received a battery of neurocognitive and clinical symptom measures. The number of abnormal DTI values was determined (>2 SDs from the mean of the control group) for fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), and then compared between groups. In addition, mean DTI values from white matter tracts falling into three categories were compared between groups: (i) projection tracts: superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar peduncles, pontine crossing tract, and corticospinal tract; (ii) association tracts: superior longitudinal fasciculus; and (iii) commissure tracts: cingulum bundle (cingulum-cingulate gyrus and cingulum-hippocampus), and corpus callosum.Results:The comorbid PTS/mTBI group had significantly greater traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and post-concussive symptoms, and they performed worse on neurocognitive testing than those with PTS alone and controls. The groups differed greatly on several clinical variables, but contrary to what we hypothesized, they did not differ greatly on primary and exploratory analytic approaches of hetero-spatial whole brain DTI analyses.Conclusion:The findings suggest that psychological health conditions rather than pathoanatomical changes may be contributing to symptom presentation in this population.
Dexter Buys a Surfboard: An Exploratory Study of the Impact of a Classroom Activity and Reflection Paper on Student Perceptions of the First AIS Course
Authors: Normand Carol J. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
In most accounting curricula, students enroll in the first accounting information systems (AIS) course after they have completed at least two accounting principle courses and are familiar with accounting fundamentals. However, these courses tend to teach topics as discrete subjects so many students have a poor understanding of how the data they are journalizing actually flow through an AIS. Because they have not previously thought about the concept of a system, most students also have trouble linking material in AIS textbooks to prior learning. To help students relate prior learning to AIS concepts, an in-class activity titled “Dexter Buys a Surfboard” was developed. This in-class activity was combined with a textbook reading and a required reflection paper. Statistical analyses found that the combination of a textbook reading, the in-class project, and a structured reflection paper did positively affect students' perceptions of the importance of learning about AIS. Further analyses found that GPA, accounting-related work experience, and gender were not related to the change in student perceptions, making this pedagogical technique valuable for a variety of student groups.
IFRS, U.S. GAAP, and XBRL Financial Statements: An Introduction and Case Study
Authors: Basoglu Kamile Asli , Edmonds Christopher T. , White Clinton E. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Given (a) the mandate to fully comply with “Interactive Data to Improve Financial Reporting,” (Rule 33-2009; SEC 2009b) which requires all SEC registered companies to include financial statements in XBRL format as exhibits with their quarterly or annual reports on a phased-in schedule, and (b) initiations to converge U.S. GAAP and IFRS, it is crucial for students to understand the methodological differences between XBRL financial reporting for these two standards. Therefore, the goal of this case is to expose students to the IFRS and U.S. GAAP XBRL taxonomies. We use the case of a hypothetical company to first illustrate some of the differences between IFRS and U.S. GAAP reporting at the financial statement level, then map its Income Statement line items into respective XBRL taxonomies, and finally create an XBRL instance document. The case provides two exercises to explain the steps in creating an XBRL instance document for different taxonomies, i.e., accessing and then mapping line items into the IFRS and U.S. GAAP taxonomies (Exercise 1) and creating the actual XBRL instance document for U.S. GAAP and IFRS (Exercise 2).
Step-by-Step Flowcharting: A Case to Teach Beginning Flowcharting Skills
Authors: DeVries Delwyn D. , Lee Tanya 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
System flowcharts are a major tool for documenting business processes and related internal controls. However, it is difficult for students, who have little business experience, to learn flowcharting while simultaneously learning the details of business processes and controls. As a result, at the beginner stage, many students appear overwhelmed by guidelines, rules, and processes. This step-by-step case uses a simple process, unveiled one step at a time and using a minimal number of symbols, to help students understand flowcharting. The case activities involve active learning, cooperative group work, prompt feedback, and instructor interaction. Having students attempt to draw diagrams and then, if necessary, correct them can promote learning. The objective is to foster active, engaged learning by using a series of simple scenarios that build on one another. The contribution to accounting information systems education is a simplified and effective method of teaching an important skill to students. Student performance improvement and feedback from this case was extremely positive.
A Spatially Resolved Study of Cold Dust, Molecular Gas, H ii Regions, and Stars in the z = 2.12 Submillimeter Galaxy ALESS67.1
Authors: Chen 陳建 Chian-Chou 州 , Hodge J. A. , Smail Ian , Swinbank A. M. , Walter Fabian , Simpson J. M. , Rivera Gabriela Calistro , Bertoldi F. , Brandt W. N. , Chapman S. C. , Cunha Elisabete da , Dannerbauer H. , Breuck C. De , Harrison C. M. , Ivison R. J. , Karim A. , Knudsen K. K. , Wardlow J. L. , Weiß A. , Werf P. P. van der 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
We present detailed studies of a z = 2.12 submillimeter galaxy, ALESS67.1, using sub-arcsecond resolution ALMA, adaptive optics-aided VLT/SINFONI, and Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/CANDELS data to investigate the kinematics and spatial distributions of dust emission (870 μm continuum), 12CO(J = 3–2), strong optical emission lines, and visible stars. Dynamical modeling of the optical emission lines suggests that ALESS67.1 is not a pure rotating disk but a merger, consistent with the apparent tidal features revealed in the HST imaging. Our sub-arcsecond resolution data set allows us to measure half-light radii for all the tracers, and we find a factor of 4–6 smaller sizes in dust continuum compared to all the other tracers, including 12CO; also, ultraviolet (UV) and Hα emission are significantly offset from the dust continuum. The spatial mismatch between the UV continuum and the cold dust and gas reservoir supports the explanation that geometrical effects are responsible for the offset of the dusty galaxy on the IRX–β diagram. Using a dynamical method we derive an

, consistent with other submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) that also have resolved CO and dust measurements. Assuming a single

value we also derive resolved gas and star formation rate surface densities, and find that the core region of the galaxy (

kpc) follows the trend of mergers on the Schmidt–Kennicutt relationship, whereas the outskirts (

kpc) lie on the locus of normal star-forming galaxies, suggesting different star formation efficiencies within one galaxy. Our results caution against using single size or morphology for different tracers of the star formation activity and gas content of galaxies, and therefore argue the need to use spatially resolved, multi-wavelength observations to interpret the properties of SMGs, and perhaps even for

galaxies in general.
Forces nucléaires françaises : quel renouvellement ?
Authors: Brustlein Corentin 
Published: September 2017

Au cours des prochaines années, la France devra renouveler son arsenal nucléaire pour qu’il demeure une source de dissuasion crédible aux yeux de ses adversaires potentiels. Ce renouvellement intervient dans un contexte défavorable : l’environnement stratégique, marqué par la multiplication des foyers djihadistes, est dégradé, et la rigueur budgétaire est de mise. Sacrifier la dissuasion nucléaire sur l’autel de la lutte contre le terrorisme serait toutefois une erreur funeste.
Les hiérarchies de l'information
Authors: Lafarge Géraud , Marchetti Dominique 
Published: September 2017

Cet article restitue les légitimités et illégitimités professionnelles dans une fraction spécifique de l'univers journalistique français, celle des étudiants en journalisme ayant intégré les écoles spécialisées les plus reconnues. L'enquête par questionnaire complétée par des entretiens ex post montre la permanence de hiérarchies que l'on retrouve dans de nombreux autres univers culturels (interne/externe, nationale/locale et « généraliste »/« spécialisée ») et les précise : le relatif déclin du prestige de la rubrique Politique et la consécration de la rubrique Société, qui renvoie au poids des logiques économiques au détriment des logiques partisanes, le rejet affiché et la dénégation de ces dimensions commerciales, une orientation politique majoritairement ancrée à gauche, etc. Si les écoles contribuent à l'intériorisation par les étudiants de ces légitimités professionnelles, ces dernières s'avèrent être plus largement l'expression de légitimités sociales. D'une part, ces hiérarchies journalistiques sont différenciées selon l'origine sociale, le capital scolaire et le sexe des étudiants. D'autre part, celles-ci sont déterminées par la position sociale que ces élèves visent et, dans une logique d'homologie, par celle des publics auxquels ils souhaitent s'adresser, c'est-à-dire avant tout les fractions dominantes de l'espace social.
Le phénomène José Bové ou la fabrique sociale d'un « miracle politique »
Authors: Bourad Aïcha 
Published: September 2017

Cet article analyse les conditions de possibilité de l'apparent « miracle politique » et médiatique que constitue le phénomène José Bové à partir d'une enquête sur sa candidature à l'élection présidentielle de 2007. Il s'agit d'interroger les conditions de sa forte médiatisation et le rôle de celle-ci dans ses leaderships successifs : syndical, altermondialiste et enfin politique. Sont ainsi étudiés conjointement son profil social et sa trajectoire militante ainsi que le contexte politique et médiatique au sein duquel il parvient à s'imposer. Cette étude montre que si les conditions qui permettent l'émergence de José Bové dans le paysage politique français sont relativement spécifiques, son intrusion dans le champ politique reste redevable des règles de fonctionnement du champ. Sa médiatisation apparaît comme une ressource qui vient bonifier un capital politique sans le remplacer.
La gestion des temps professionnels du journalisme
Authors: Schoch Lucie 
Published: September 2017

Cet article analyse la gestion du temps par les journalistes de sport de la presse suisse romande, parmi lesquels les femmes sont toujours plus nombreuses depuis les années 2000. Les observations participantes et les entretiens montrent que les hommes journalistes de sport font valoir des rythmes professionnels qui les placent fréquemment dans des conditions « d’urgence », sources de « bon » stress qui attestent de surcroît de leur dévouement au travail. De par leur parcours et les plus fortes contraintes de leur vie domestique et familiale, les femmes ne peuvent suivre ce modèle professionnel. Ainsi, les discours des hommes, qui ne reflètent pas nécessairement leurs pratiques objectives, sont un moyen de définir la légitimité de l’activité professionnelle selon des normes éloignées de celles auxquelles adhèrent les femmes ; ceci facilite leur éviction des positions de pouvoir.