bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathological and Parasitological Findings in Serbian Great Cormorants Infected by Contracoecum rudolphii Sensu Lato
Authors: Đurđević Biljana , Vučićević Ivana , Bogunović Danica , Pajić Marko , Pelić Miloš , Todorović Dalibor , Ćirković Miroslav 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The carcasses of ten great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) found in one colony in the province of Vojvodina were necropsied and examined for parasites. The study aimed to identify helminths and histopathologically evaluate the associated tissue damage. Numerous nematodes were observed, either free in the the lumen of the ventriculus or deeply embedded in the ventricular mucosa of all the cormorants examined. The collected parasite samples were morphologically identified as Contracaecum rudolphii sensu lato. The main pathological findings included a thickening of the ventricular wall, while histopathology revealed a mild inflammatory infiltrate in the adjacent tissue and a connective tissue capsule around the parasite. Given that the parasites in this bird species still need to be thoroughly studied in our country, particularly the pathomorphological changes they cause, this study represents the first attempt to obtain a comprehensive understanding picture of the nematode infection and the pathological changes resulting from the presence of this parasite.
The unique preservation of Yves Saint Laurent’s birthplace: A singular cultural heritage in Oran
Authors: Behilil Amine , Mazouz Fatima 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In 2020, the Affane Mohamed Foundation initiated the restoration of the Yves Saint Laurent house in Oran, Algeria, led by architect Youcef Fernane. The project aimed not only to restore the artist’s birthplace but also to showcase his first private theatre, sketches, drawing table, study, and personal bedroom. The house, built in 1925 in the Plateau Saint-Michel district (now Hai Sidi El Bachir), exemplifies neoclassical architecture with Art Deco influences. This project stands out as a unique initiative in Oran, where the preservation of public figures’ homes is rare, making it an exception in Algeria. The restoration, completed in 2022, has attracted significant attention, drawing visitors locally and internationally, particularly through social media, highlighting the cultural and historical value of the site. The research addresses visitor feedback, hypothesising variability in their testimonials, which serve as constructive criticism of this initial tourism initiative in Oran. The dual objectives are to illuminate the significance of the Yves Saint Laurent residence and to analyse visitor perceptions and attitudes towards this memorial site. Methodologically, the study is based on documentary research, including recent surveys and photographs from the Youcef Fernane design office and qualitative data from online questionnaires and visitor books. The results highlight the house’s importance as a cultural landmark but also reveal a lack of publicity, affecting its visibility. Conclusions suggest that the museum significantly enhances Oran’s cultural landscape, offering emotional and educational experiences. However, there is a need for better promotional efforts to increase its visibility and appeal to a broader audience, emphasising the importance of strategic marketing and visitor experience improvements for future projects.
Mathematical Analysis of Teaching Art and its Effect On Packaging Design Give Lessons
Authors: Guo Hu , Hao Chen , Xuan Li , Chelli Karim , Alzyoud Adel Ali Yassin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aims: To let students know that packaging design teaching is both a science and an art like any other course, only when students understand this, can they teach and educate people once they are engaged in this profession. Methods: Observation, experiment, investigation, and other methods were used to carry out a relatively long time of teaching practice in the course of Packaging Design, and the teaching art was explored. Results: Practice shows that if students want to truly realize that teaching is both a science and an art, they must adhere to the purpose of instilling in teaching for a long time, and fully understand the history of teaching artistry, its characteristics, and its functions. Conclusion: Through the mathematical statistical analysis and research of teaching art practice and effect, we believe that any course is not a simple knowledge teaching, it is a process of educating people. We must cultivate the next generation to be well-rounded individuals, ensuring they are intellectually enriched and nurtured in moral values, physical health, aesthetic appreciation, and work skills. This holistic approach ensures that while they acquire knowledge, they are also exposed to and trained in the arts and practical skills. Only when people are well-trained can society be harmonious and beautiful. Therefore, the research on teaching art in packaging design has analyzed the three most important artistic effects of teaching blackboard art, language art, and teaching preparation art. Those with good teaching art effects account for 16-18%, those with medium teaching art effects account for 70-80%, and those with poor teaching art effects account for 10-16%.
Study on the influence of online course design on Students’ online learning satisfaction -- The moderating effect of MOOC platform quality
Authors: Hu Chuanshuang , Wei Hufei , Zhou Renjie , Ma Yongmei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The online education model has become an important form of integrated innovation and development of colleges and universities, and how to improve students’ online learning satisfaction through online course design has become a key indicator for evaluating online education. Based on 265 student sample survey data, this paper empirically studies the mechanism of influence of online course design on students’ online learning satisfaction and examines the mediating role of online interaction and the moderating effect of MOOC platform quality. The results show that: Online course design positively affects students’ online learning satisfaction; Online interaction plays a partial mediating role between online course design and online learning satisfaction; The quality of MOOC platform positively moderates the relationship between online course design and online interaction; On this basis, the article puts forward corresponding teaching suggestions, to provide theoretical basis for the development of online education.
Understanding the effectiveness of attachments in clear aligner therapy: navigating design, placement, material selection and biomechanics
Authors: Demir Gizem Boztaş 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Clear aligner treatments have gained popularity due to their aesthetic advantages over traditional metal brackets. Attachments play a crucial role in enhancing the efficacy of treatment by addressing challenges posed by the flexibility of aligner materials. This comprehensive review aims to clarify the significance of attachments used during clear aligner therapy and explore the nuances of their design, placement, and material selection.

Methods
A systematic search of literature databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane was conducted. Twelve sets of keywords related to clear aligner therapy and attachments were applied for the search.

Results
A total of 24 studies that met the inclusion criteria and focused on the biomechanics of attachments, attachment shape, attachment placement and materials used in attachment production were included in the analysis.

Conclusions
Within the limits of the review, the use of attachments in clear aligner therapy can enhance the efficacy of treatment by facilitating complex tooth movements. The selection of materials, as well as the design and positioning strategies of attachments, should be customised for each patient to optimise treatment success. By the use of clinical studies, future research should focus on the long-term performance of attachments to confirm their effectiveness in achieving planned tooth movements, particularly regarding design, positioning, and the materials used.
Evaluation of mechanical changes to clear aligners caused by exposure to different liquids
Authors: Sarı Tarık , Camcı Hasan , Aslantaş Kubilay 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical changes of clear aligners manufactured using either the direct method (Graphy Tc-85) or the indirect method (CA Pro or Invisalign) following an exposure to different liquids.

Material and Method
The clear aligners were produced using a single patient’s digital maxillary model. CA Pro aligners were produced indirectly using the Ministar S device, while Graphy Tc-85 resin aligners were produced directly using a three-dimensional printer (Ackuretta, Taipei, Taiwan). Invisalign appliances were produced by Align Technology, Inc. The appliances were randomly divided into seven groups: a control group and six experimental groups. The control group appliances were not immersed in any liquid. The appliances in the experimental groups were immersed in six different liquids (orange juice, soy sauce, cola, red wine, tea, and coffee) for 24 hr at 37°C. Following immersion, the upper right first molar section of each appliance was separated using an abrasive disc and embedded in a 2 mm thick acrylic layer. A cyclic loading test was conducted using a specialised mechanism (a combination of a dynamometer and a deformation depth measuring instrument) and each sample was subjected to varying cyclical forces until a deformation depth of 1 mm was reached. The force magnitude required to achieve the 1 mm material deformation at the 1st, 5th, 10th, and 50th cycles of loading was recorded for each sample.

Results
As a result of repeated loads, the indenting force values decreased in the three sample groups, regardless of the liquid in which the appliances had been stored. However, soy sauce and orange juice had a greater detrimental effect on the mechanical properties of the aligners compared to the other liquids. On comparing the force values required for the material to reach a 1 mm depth during the 1st and 50th loadings, the decreases were recorded as 0.4% for Graphy Tc-85, 26.3% for CA Pro, and 42.1% for Invisalign.

Conclusions
Of the tested aligners, Graphy Tc-85 was the most resistant to repetitive loads, while Invisalign was the least resistant. It is inherently difficult to predict how different liquids will affect aligners made of different materials.
Heavy metal concentrations in fishes from Zakrzówek Reservoir and the Vistula River near Kraków: Human risk assessment
Authors: Łuszczek-Trojnar Ewa , Drąg-Kozak Ewa , Szczerbik Paweł , Klaczak Artur , Lelonek Anna , Duda Kinga , Adamska Patrycja 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare tissue concentrations of heavy metals (copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn)) in roach (Rutilus rutilus (L.)), chub (Squalius cephalus (L.)), and bleak (Alburnus alburnus (L.)) from two locations on the Vistula River upstream from Kraków and Zakrzówek Reservoir, a former limestone quarry flooded over 30 years ago that is located close to the center of Kraków. The findings showed that heavy metal concentrations in fishes from the Vistula River upstream from Kraków were higher compared to those in fishes from Zakrzówek Reservoir. The highest heavy metal concentrations were found in hard tissues, such as bone and scales, and the lowest was in muscle tissue. Metal pollution index (MPI), estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI) analyses showed no significant non-carcinogenic risk to human health from the consumption of the muscle meat of the fishes analyzed. Cancer risk (CR) values, calculated based on maximum Ni concentrations in fish muscle tissue, did not exceed the upper limit of the acceptable cancer risk range. The findings show that the assessment of heavy metal contamination of fishes should be continued and extended to include other water bodies used for fishing and other xenobiotics that accumulate in fishes and may pose risks to human health.
Effect of feed and holding conditions on survival and growth of juvenile crayfish Pontastacus leptodactylus and Faxonius limosus
Authors: Kropielnicka-Kruk Katarzyna , Ulikowski Dariusz , Wasilewska Agnieszka 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the European natural environment attempts are undertaken to replace invasive crayfish species with native ones. For this purpose, aquaculture of crayfish is required, but their behaviour and the lack of balanced feeds impede further development. To effectively eliminate invasive crayfish, more knowledge is needed, in context of their similarities and differences from native species. This study investigates two crayfish species, native Pontastacus leptodactylus and invasive Faxonius limosus in relation to different holding conditions and feeds. Juvenile crayfish were exposed to two types of holding conditions, inside (IN) in tap water and outside (OUT) in water with natural plankton content. In addition, three feeds were tested, sinking chips (F1), flakes (F2) and floating sticks (F3). The feeds composition was similar, but sinking times differed and were quick for F1 and slow for F2 and F3, which provided extended visual and chemical exposure to crayfish. The significant effect of holding conditions on survival was found for both species, with highest results for OUT holding conditions, suggesting important role of natural plankton in survival. Three feeds (F1, F2 and F3), showed no effect for P. leptodactylus but F2 and F3 improved growth in F. limosus, indicating more efficient utilisation of the detected feed.
Carbon reduction indicators and strategies: A cornerstone of corporate social responsibility
Authors: Balukja Ina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an essential element for modern businesses, encompassing a range of ethical and sustainable practices that address social, economic, and environmental impacts. Among these, carbon reduction stands out as a critical focus due to the urgent global threat posed by climate change. This paper explores the fundamental role of carbon reduction within CSR by examining key indicators and strategies employed by companies to lower their carbon emissions. The indicators discussed include total greenhouse gas emissions, carbon intensity, renewable energy usage, energy efficiency, and waste reduction and recycling. Strategies such as improving energy efficiency, transitioning to renewable energy sources, carbon offsetting, enhancing supply chain sustainability, and adopting circular economy practices are analyzed for their effectiveness and implementation challenges. The benefits of carbon reduction, including improved public image, cost savings, regulatory compliance, investor attraction, and employee engagement, are highlighted. Additionally, the paper addresses the challenges companies face in their carbon reduction efforts, such as high initial costs, technological limitations, supply chain complexity, lack of standardization, and regulatory uncertainty. Case studies of successful companies like IKEA, Google, Unilever, and Patagonia provide practical insights and best practices for effective carbon management. The role of stakeholders, including employees, customers, suppliers, investors, and regulatory bodies, is emphasized in driving and supporting carbon reduction initiatives. Future trends in carbon reduction, such as advancements in technology, increased regulatory pressure, greater focus on the circular economy, enhanced stakeholder engagement, and the integration of sustainability into business strategies, are also explored. This paper concludes that carbon reduction is not only crucial for environmental protection but also brings significant business benefits, making it a fundamental aspect of corporate social responsibility and a critical component for achieving long-term sustainability and success.
Inheritance Law as interpreted by the Supreme Court in Albania
Authors: Sava Eleni 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In Albanian civil law, inheritance is established as a cornerstone institution within the legal framework. It arises upon the death of an individual and is categorized in two forms: legal inheritance and testamentary inheritance.
This legal concept encompasses all state-issued norms that regulate property relations arising from an individual’s death and governs the transfer of assets from the
de-cuius
(the testator) to their heirs. This process confers civil rights and obligations upon the inheritors.
Within civil law, inheritance pertains to property relations that commence posthumously, defined as “the lawful or testamentary transfer of the deceased’s property to one or more individuals in accordance with the provisions of the legal code.”

The legal relationship of inheritance in Albania is contingent upon the death of the testator, marking a pivotal legal fact. This relationship is characterized by its dual nature: it encompasses both property and familial dimensions. The property aspect becomes manifest at the moment of the testator’s death, as their rights and real property are transferred to their heirs. Meanwhile, the familial dimension pertains to specific qualities required of heirs, such as blood relations, adoption, or marital status.
A will has legal effect only at the moment of the testator’s death, when the inherited property automatically transfers to the heirs by operation of law. The death of the specified individual is essential for initiating these legal effects.
Predictor of willingness to pay for early warning climate system and agronomy advisories services in Albania: A case study of medicinal plant in “Malesi e Madhe”
Authors: Gjermeni Irida 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Access to useful climate information is critical for adaptation needs of Albanian smallholder farmers, yet empirical studies documenting the socioeconomic, environmental and household predictors of access to and willingness to pay for climate information services have been limited to date. This paper addresses the need by identifying the predictors of access to and willingness to pay for climate information by smallholder farmers in the northern area of Albania, a “dangerous hotspot” where slight changes in rainfall and temperature often result in considerable yield losses. The study uses data collected from 201 household surveys in 5 communities across 29 districts in the “Malesia e Madhe” region of Albania using a simple random sampling method. Sampling was conducted in end 2023 and start of 2024 and participants were interviewed face to face by questionnaires following a contingent valuation method for collecting data for willingness to pay for early warning climate system. The EFA analysis was performed on farmer’s awareness to climate changes and their impact on quality and productivity. Our findings suggest that the majority of smallholders are aware of duration of drought (95%), increase of number of hot days (88.1%) and presence of weeds (59.7%). From the findings, farmers perceive that climate changes have affected the quality of medicinal plants in the last 5 years, by increasing the number of hot days (96%), number of rainy days (93.5%) and duration of drought (86.6%), also farmers perceive that climate change has impacted the yield level by duration of drought (87.1%), increase of hot nights (78.1%) and number of rainy days (76.1%). The findings suggest that the majority of smallholder farmers were not willing to pay for the cost of receiving climate information delivered via SMS. The results from the marginal analysis suggest that access to climate information is influenced by farm topology factors. The marginal effects logistic regression shows statistically significant effect in household predictors such as farmer’s size and income. Results suggest that the provision of climate information should be defined and adopted to meet the needs of smallholder farmers with different socioeconomic backgrounds to enable farmers manage climate risks and build reasonable adaptive capacity.
Health awareness and lifestyle toward healthcare-seeking behavior among students in Universitas Advent Indonesia
Authors: Salim Alvin , Sianturi Natasha Ulima , Suryani Evi Martha , Elon Yunus 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Healthcare-seeking behavior (HSB) would affect the prevalence of morbidity and mortality. There are various factors that affect one’s HSB. This study aimed to determine if health awareness and lifestyle might relate to HSB.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was applied by using three questionnaires to determine participants’ health awareness, lifestyle, and HSB. This study took place in Universitas Advent Indonesia and the students were recruited to be participants.

Results
There were 39 participants joined in this study. Most of the participants were females, third-year students, and from Accounting major. Almost all participants were aware of their low risk of health issues, had a fine lifestyle, and had moderate HSB.

Conclusions
One’s urge to seek health care facilities was not related to their health awareness and lifestyle. There was no further study to contradict with this finding at this moment.
Advancing Artistic Swimming Officiating and Performance Assessment: A Computer Vision Study Using MediaPipe
Authors: Edriss Saeid , Caprioli Lucio , Campoli Francesca , Manzi Vincenzo , Padua Elvira , Bonaiuto Vincenzo , Romagnoli Cristian , Annino Giuseppe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Artistic Swimming (AS) requires complete execution and synchronization of movements for performance evaluation. The interest in objective and subjective performance analysis worldwide in sports via valid and reliable Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools is spreading depending on the required analysis parameters to design a novel system. This study investigated a novel application of the MediaPipe-based computer vision tool validation by examining biomechanical aspects and the objective performance impact in ballet leg and barracuda AS techniques. Twenty experienced AS athletes participated and executed these techniques under controlled conditions. Thirty-six recorded video trials were captured and analyzed via computer vision using MediaPipe, Kinovea, and AutoCAD (gold standard), with correlations calculated to assess the reliability of measurements and tools. The results indicated a non-significant difference (p<0.05) among the software tools, supported by one-way ANOVA and Bland-Altman tests. Notably, in ballet leg technique, maintaining alignment between the upper body trunk and knee in a line had a small correlation with other leg deviations; however, this aspect had a moderate negative correlation in scoring. Overall, this study suggests MediaPipe efficiency in computer vision for AS officiating and performance analysis, offering a reliable, real-time alternative to traditional methods and providing perceptions of AS techniques.