bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of ADB-BUTINACA in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and its application
Authors: Du Yangfan , Ma Shunjun , Chen Dizhong , Wang Runrun , Wang Xianqin , Wen Congcong , Shen Xiuwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA fast, accurate, sturdy, and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method was developed to measure the levels of ADB-BUTINACA in rat plasma for a pharmacokinetic study. The ADB-BUTINACA and midazolam (internal standard) were separated on a UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) using a gradient elution of acetonitrile and water (0.1% formic acid) as the mobile phase. ADB-BUTINACA and midazolam were detected in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode for quantitative analysis, the mass detection was performed on a positive electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The calibration curve displayed excellent linearity from 1 to 1,000 ng mL−1, with a lower limit of quantification of 1.0 ng mL−1 and a limit of detection of 0.3 ng mL−1. The precision for both inter-day and intra-day assays was below 14%, while accuracy ranged from 92% to 111%. The method also showed an average recovery between 87% and 90%, with a matrix effect ranging from 104% to 111%. The data was acceptable according to the guidelines of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This newly validated quantitative method successfully supported the pharmacokinetic study of ADB-BUTINACA.
Across the Borders of Music Eras and Forms
Authors: Fulias Ioannis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIt is well known that the 52 concertos for keyboard(s) or other solo instruments of Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach constitute a repertoire that crosses the borderline of Baroque and Classic eras from both a chronological and a stylistic point of view. However, their analogous position concerning the Baroque ritornello form and the various Classic concerto-sonata types is not yet as clear as it should be, since most scholars tend to examine and classify these works in a rather one-sided way, basing their views either on the earlier ritornello form or on both theory and practice of (only) the late eighteenth-century concerto, thus ignoring many important aspects of formal design in Bach's concerto movements in particular. The present paper submits the findings of a comprehensive research on Bach's whole concerto output, clearly distinguishing between movements in ritornello and concerto-sonata forms; furthermore, it highlights the impressive variety of concerto-sonata structural types that Bach uses in his works: ternary but also binary sonata forms with five, four, or three ritornellos, the specific role and function of which (and especially of the intermediate ones) cannot be always restricted to the specifications of even the most recent (and seemingly all-embracing) related typologies.
Correlating Symbolisms of Womanhood and Marriage in the Libretti of Schoenberg's Von heute auf morgen and Berg's Lulu
Authors: Ljubibratić Vanja 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVon heute auf morgen and Lulu, the twelve-tone operas of Arnold Schoenberg and Alban Berg, respectively, can be interpreted as works that sought to uphold a traditional formalism of Germanic opera construction amidst the post-Expressionistic aesthetics that the newer Zeitoper style strove to abolish. This new style aimed to popularize opera by embracing a new simplicity of contemporary values that discouraged the perpetuation of prior operatic dispositions. This dichotomy of old vs. new is presented in an analysis of the Von heute and Lulu libretti that traces their symbolic representation of womanhood and marriage from the male gaze, whereby an overlapping depiction emerges in both operas in their similar but varying treatment of these themes as parodies of their composers' time and the ongoing cultural conflict between moralities rooted in the past and non-conforming values that embrace modernized change.
Be aware of cataracts following Pars Plana Vitrectomy (PPV): what should be considered?
Authors: Dewi Ni Putu Ayu Pande Arista , Ni Luh Diah Pantjawati  , Elvira  
Published: September 2024

Background: Pars Plana Vitrectomy (PPV) is a vitreoretinal surgical technique that allows access to the posterior part of the eye, with an average of 225,000 vitrectomies performed annually in the United States. However, there is an incline with the number of cataract formation as a complication following PPV surgery. In a study in the UK involving 2000 eyes after the PPV procedure, the risk of cataracts was found to be 40%, and 52% of patients would undergo cataract surgery within the first year. The development of cataracts after PPV is associated with several risk factors; however, the risk factors for developing cataracts are still unclear. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted regarding the risk factors for developing cataracts after PPV.
Methods: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were identified through an electronic systematic search of PubMed, Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane Central (Wiley), Scopus (Elsevier), manual searching, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The search keywords used were related to “cataract”, “pars plana vitrectomy”, and “risk factor” using the Boolean operator AND and OR. We limited the studies from 2013 until 2023. All studies that discussed cataract risk factors after PPV surgery using English language will be included.
Result: From 495 studies, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, we included 6 studies with a total sample of 2.902 eyes. Risk factors associated with cataracts after PPV surgery were preoperative (older age, RRD with involvement of macular, lens status) and intraoperative (type of tamponade). It took 24 months after PPV surgery for the patient to undergo cataract surgery.
Conclusion: Preoperative conditions and surgical intervention might affect the formation and progression of cataracts. Therefore, an ophthalmologist should consider several risk factors for cataract formation after PPV.
Acute flaccid paralysis on 11 years old child in Bali: a case report
Authors: Janet Tee  , Putri Putu Ayu Krisna Cahyaning , Subroto Derryl Ravertio Timothy , Suryawan I Wayan Bikin 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: As medical professionals, we need to be aware of cases of acute flaccid paralysis, known as the current outbreak of polio infections in Indonesia. Polio is a highly contagious illness that primarily affects children under five. It can result in death (2-10% of those who were paralyzed) or lifelong paralysis (about 1 in 200 infections). The virus spreads from person to person mostly by the fecal-oral pathway. Contaminated foods and water are also less common routes of transmission. After the virus grows in the gut, it can enter the nerve system and paralyze people. Though it may vary from 4 to 35 days, the duration of incubation is typically 7 to 10 days. Approximately ninety percent of infected individuals either show no symptoms at all or have minor ones, hence the illness is typically not diagnosed. The purpose of this case report is to describe a case of acute flaccid paralysis and increase our awareness about the current polio outbreak.

The Case: Eleven-year-old Korean child weighing 41 kg arrived to the clinic complaint of weakness in both limbs for the past five days. It happened throughout the day, particularly during the morning, and was felt abruptly. He also had instability when walking and trembling in both legs. He also experienced three episodes of watery diarrhea that day. In addition, he reported having puked twice in the two days before his clinic appointment. His calves had a motoric grade of 3 and a grade of 5 on his soles, indicating that his calves were weaker than his soles. It was discovered that the muscular tone was weak. No evidence of muscular atrophy was present. Positive tripod indication was seen. There were no abnormalities in sensibility. He was diagnosed with acute flaccid paralysis et causa suspected poliomyelitis dd Guillain Barre Syndrome dd hypokalemia paralysis et causa diarrhea and vomiting.
Conclusion: Facing the polio outbreak in Indonesia, this case would serve as an example to raise awareness of acute flaccid paralysis cases, enabling early detection, differential diagnosis exclusion, and effective surveillance.
Development of a method for assessing the state of dynamic objects using a population algorithm
Authors: Kashkevich Svitlana , Kashkevych Ivan , Kuvshynov Oleksii , Kuzavkov Vasyl , Zhyvylo Yevhen , Dmytriieva Oksana , Lebedynskyi Andrii , Pysarenko Andrii , Zudikhin Yehor , Shyshatskyi Andrii 
Published: September 2024

The object of the study is complex dynamic objects with a hierarchical structure. A method for assessing the state of dynamic objects using a population algorithm is proposed. The study is based on the snake optimization algorithm for finding a solution to the state of dynamic objects with a hierarchical structure. For training snake agents (SA), evolving artificial neural networks are used. The originality of the method lies in using additional advanced procedures that allow you:
– to determine the initial position of SA, taking into account the type of uncertainty by using a correction factor for the degree of awareness of the state of the initial situation in relation to the object of analysis;
– to take into account the initial velocity of each SA, which allows studying complex functions;
– to ensure the universality of SA food location search strategies, which allows classifying the type of data to be processed;
– to adjust the SA velocity by adjusting the ambient temperature, which allows priorizing the search for a solution in a certain plane;
– to explore the solution spaces of functions described by non-typical functions, using exploitation mode procedures;
– to flexibly adjust the transition from the SA fighting mode to the mating mode using the food saturation coefficient;
– to replace individuals unsuitable for search using the SA fertility rate;
– to conduct a simultaneous search for a solution in different directions, by changing the ambient temperature and adjusting the food saturation coefficient.
Modeling showed a 13–19 % increase in data processing efficiency by using additional improved procedures.
Development of a methodical approach to assessing the state of hierarchical systems using a meta-heuristic approach
Authors: Dmytriiev Illia , Kuchuk Nina , Stanovskyi Oleksandr , Yefymenko Oleksandr , Plekhova Ganna , Vakulenko Yuliia , Protas Nadiia , Degtyareva Larisa , Apenko Nataliia , Sainog Maksym 
Published: September 2024

Optimization is a complex process of defining a set of solutions for a wide range of problems, including management decision-making.
One of the approaches to increasing the efficiency of solving optimization problems is metaheuristic algorithms. The problem solved in the study is to increase decision-making efficiency in the problems of assessing the state of hierarchical systems while ensuring a given reliability, regardless of its hierarchy. The object of the study is hierarchical systems. The subject of the study is the decision-making process in management problems using an advanced Tasmanian devil algorithm (TDA) and evolving artificial neural networks. A methodical approach using a metaheuristic algorithm is proposed. For TDA training, evolving artificial neural networks are used.
The originality of the proposed method lies in setting TDA taking into account the uncertainty of the initial data, improved global and local search procedures. Also, the originality of the study lies in determining TDA feeding locations, which allows prioritizing the search in a given direction. The next original element of the study is the possibility of choosing a TDA hunting strategy, which allows a rational use of available system computing resources. Another original element of the study is determining the initial velocity of each TDA. This makes it possible to optimize the speed of exploration by each TDA in a specific direction. Using the methodical approach provides a 14–17 % increase in data processing efficiency by using additional improved procedures. The proposed methodical approach should be used to solve the problems of evaluating hierarchical systems
Building a model of heating an oil tank under the thermal influence of a spill fire
Authors: Oliinyk Volodymyr , Basmanov Oleksii , Romanyuk Ihor , Rashkevich Olexandr , Malovyk Ihor 
Published: September 2024

The object of this study is the process of liquid combustion in a spill, and the subject of research is the distribution of temperature along the wall and roof of a vertical steel tank that is heated under the thermal influence of a spill fire. The heat balance equation for the wall and roof of the tank with oil product was constructed. The assumption of a small thickness of the wall and roof of the tank relative to its linear dimensions makes it possible to move to two-dimensional differential equations of the parabolic type. The equations take into account the radiative heat exchange with the flame, the environment, the internal space of the tank, as well as the convective heat exchange with the surrounding air, the vapor-air mixture, and the liquid inside the tank.
Using the methods of similarity theory, estimates of the coefficients of convection heat exchange of the outer surface of the tank with the surrounding air and the inner surface with the vapor-air mixture and liquid in the tank in the conditions of free convection were constructed. The application of the finite difference method for solving the heat balance equations has made it possible to derive the temperature distribution on the surface of the tank at an arbitrary moment in time. It is shown that the value of the coefficient of convection heat exchange of the liquid exceeds the corresponding value for the air-vapor mixture by (1÷2) orders of magnitude. As a result, the part of the wall located below the oil product level is heated to a temperature of (80÷230) °C depending on the viscosity of the liquid. This occurs despite the fact that the value of the mutual radiation coefficient reaches its maximum value at the lower part of the wall. From a practical point of view, this means that the part of the wall above the level of the oil product in the tank can reach dangerous temperature values, and it should be cooled first. The constructed model of tank heating also enables determining the limit time for the start of cooling of the tank.
Determining patterns in the separation of hemp seed hulls
Authors: Sheichenko Viktor , Petrachenko Dmytro , Rogovskii Ivan , Dudnikov Igor , Shevchuk Vitaliy , Sheichenko Denys , Derkach Oleksiy , Shatrov Ruslan 
Published: September 2024

The subject of this study is the technological processes of separation, the hull of industrial hemp seeds, an aspiration column, and whole kernels.
The problem solved was determining the technical and technological solutions that could enable the intensification of production processes for separating industrial hemp seeds.
The separation of hemp seed hull by linear dimensions on sieves with round and elongated holes has been investigated.
It was found that the percentage of seed hulls retained by sieves with circular holes was 25.98 % for ø3.5 mm, 23.59 % for ø3.0 mm, and 40.28 % for ø2.0 mm, respectively. Sieves ø3.5 mm and ø2.0 mm made it possible to obtain seed hulls fractions with two components conditionally different in the «mass-size» ratio.
Using sieves with elongated holes enabled obtaining fractions consisting of at least three components. Sieves with elongated working holes of 3.0×20 mm, due to their low ability (1.76 %) to retain hemp seed hull components, were ineffective.
The clogging levels of kernels in seed hulls, separated by linear dimensions on combined sieves with round and elongated holes, were as follows: separation option No. 1 – 48.70 %, option No. 2 – 45.74 %, option No. 3 – 60.25 %, option No. 4 – 49.32 %, respectively.
It was established that the use of an aspiration column made it possible to remove up to 32.1 % of clogging in the form of a light fraction. The application of the aspiration column reduced the content of seed coating in separation option No. 1 by 3.0–5.7 times, option No. 2 by 1.35–3.7 times, option No. 3 by 1.9–11.2 times, and option No. 4 by 1.5–4.8 times, respectively.
The quantitative and component composition of seed hulls fractions obtained under conditions of using an aspiration column with set rational values of the air damper opening angle α=53° and the vertical tilt angle of the air channel β=6°, was as follows: Stage I – «heavy» fraction – 51.78 %, 27.56 % – waste, up to 20 % – «light» fraction of Stages II and III
Identifying the influence of the pitch of hammers with cutting edges on the average length of feed crushed in hammer grinders
Authors: Abilzhanuly Tokhtar , Iskakov Ruslan , Abilzhanov Daniyar , Gulyarenko Alexandr , Khan Valery 
Published: September 2024

The object of the research is to identify the influence of the pitch of the hammers with cutting edges on the determination of the average length of feed, crushed from by-product stem raw materials in hammer crushers. However, a problem was identified such as the lack of an analytical expression for determining the average length of chopped stem feed by a hammer grinder depending on the distance between the edges of adjacent hammers. With a simultaneous change in the angles of the location of the stem with the maximum size in the layer and, using the methods of probability theory for determining the mathematical descriptions of the function of two arguments, in this study an analytical expression was obtained for determining the average length of particles crushed by hammer crushers depending on the distance between the faces of adjacent hammers. Hammers with cutting edges are used to crush feed from by-product stem raw materials. The end working part of the hammer is milled at an angle of 90°, i.e. two cutting edges are processed at the end of the hammer. As a result of the practical calculations, the average length of feed crushed from by-product stem raw materials was determined depending on the parameters of the hammer crusher. From the resulting graph of the influence of the distance between the faces of adjacent hammers on the average length of crushed particles, it is evident that when the distance between the faces of adjacent hammers changes, the average length of crushed particles varies within the range of 36.19...53.39 mm. To verify the reliability of the obtained expression, experiments were carried out on a crusher with a distance between the faces of adjacent hammers of 20 mm. In this case, the average length of the crushed particles was equal to 38.75 mm, and the theoretical value was 40.16 mm. The difference between them was 3.64 %, which proves the reliability of the obtained analytical expression. The conducted theoretical studies with the receipt of an analytical expression, ensuring the determination of the average length of feed, chopped from by-product stem raw materials, is the solution to an important problem in the development of theoretical foundations of chopping machines, significantly affecting the efficiency of mechanization and operation of feed choppers in practice
TRENDS IN THE ADVANCEMENT OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF TINNITUS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
Authors: Sarnicka Izabela , Raj-Koziak Danuta , Skarzynski Henryk , Fludra Małgorzata , Karendys- Łuszcz Karina , Gos Elżbieta 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionTinnitus is a condition that requires multidisciplinary care and monitoring. Widespread use of mobile devices and ready access to the internet offers a possible solution since smartphones can run apps programmed for a particular health problem. The aim of the article is to assess the scale and direction of how mobile apps are being created and used to diagnose and treat tinnitus.Material and methodsPublications in Google Scholar, PubMed, and ResearchGate were searched for the years 2010–2023. The results of the review were organized by themes.ResultsHits were organized into the following themes: (1) existing mobile apps for tinnitus, (2) apps supporting the diagnosis of tinnitus, (3) apps supporting tinnitus therapy, (4) a look to the future – sensors built-in or connected to mobile devices, wearables, artificial intelligence (AI), and big data systems.ConclusionsSmartphone-based apps with ecological momentary assessment methods and the possibilities of using wearable diagnostic devices might be useful in better understanding the variability of tinnitus and perhaps its causes. Mobile crowdsensing and central databases with
big data and artificial intelligence support appear to be a valuable resource for new scientific research. There are now mobile apps providing a variety of therapies – sound therapy, self-help psychology, and educational training. Equally important for tinnitus therapy are smart devices managed by mobile apps – hearing aids, cochlear implants, and other hearables. In the future, development of mobile technologies and artificial intelligence will help create smart therapy platforms for tinnitus.
Teachers' Professionalism and Students' Learning Interest in Improving Students' Intelectual Intelligence in Elementary Schools in Pandeglang County
Authors: Prianti E Nita , Prihatin Khristina Sri 
Published: September 2024

This research is conducted under a fact that there is an irrelevant issue among expectation, process, and result achieved in the education. Therefore, teachers’ professionalism is highly needed to run teaching and learning activities.The purposes of this research are to 1) investigate to what extent teachers’ professionalism and students’ learning motivation can improve intellectual intelligence of the students in elementary schools in Pandeglang County, 2) investigate teachers’ efforts in improving intellectual intelligence of the students in the aforementioned schools.The method used in this research is descriptive method with qualitative approach. Meanwhile, the data source is gotten from an informant as a research subject with literature research and field research as data collection techniques by doing observation, documentation, and interview to some informants including teachers, students, and the schools’ headmasters. Next, the data isanalyzed carefully. The data show that teachers’ professionalism and students’ motivation to improve the intellectual intelligence of the students in the aforementioned schools still cannot be categorized as professional. It can be proven by the research findings where the students’ reading interest is still low. Data from 4 schools show that around 32.18% students are illiterate. The above-mentioned thing is a factor which dominates the lack of teachers’ professionalism in improving the students’ intellectual intelligence during the teaching and learning processes. It includes lack of teaching method, strategy, and skill. Therefore, the condition fails to trigger and stimulate the students’ learning interest. As a result, it can be concluded that the teacher’s professionalism is considered as less professional. KeywordTeacher’s Professionalism, Student’s Learning Interest, Student’s intellectual intelligence