bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond acceptable criticism
Authors: Feldman Ofer , Kinoshita Ken 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper utilizes the concept of debasement to examine politicians’ rhetoric in Japan. It focuses on 3,233
questions posed by opposition party members to Cabinet ministers during the 2023 meetings of the Budget Committee in both houses
of the National Diet. The analysis identifies debasement comments, examining the linkage between the use of such language and a
list of socio-political variables, including ideological orientation, differences in electoral systems, and previous career
occupation. From a cross-cultural perspective, abusive rhetoric in Japan might not seem to be an extreme phenomenon, but because
of cultural factors even the use of “mild” invective language indicates a clear intention of politicians to debase the reputation
of their counterparts in the parliament.
The accelerating universe in a noncommutative analytically continued foliated quantum gravity
Authors: Zen Vasconcellos César A , Hess Peter O , de Freitas Pacheco José , Weber Fridolin , Bodmann Benno , Hadjimichef Dimiter , Naysinger Geovane , Netz-Marzola Marcelo , Razeira Moisés 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Based on an analytically continued Riemannian foliated quantum gravity super-Hamiltonian, known as branch cut quantum gravity (BCQG) we propose a novel approach to investigating the effects of noncommutative geometry on a minisuperspace of variables, influencing the acceleration behavior of the Universe’s wave function and the cosmic scale factor. Noncommutativity is introduced through a deformation of the conventional Poisson algebra, enhanced with a symplectic metric. The resulting symplectic manifold provides a natural setting that enables an isomorphism between canonically conjugate dual vector spaces, spanning the BCQG cosmic scale factor and its complementary quantum counterpart. Using this formulation, we describe the dynamic evolution of the Universe’s wave function, the cosmic scale factor, and its complementary quantum image. Our results strongly suggest that the noncommutative algebra induces late-time accelerated growth of the wave function, the Universe’s scale factor, and its complementary quantum counterpart, offering a new perspective on explaining the accelerating cosmic expansion rate and the inflationary period. In contrast to the inflationary model, where inflation requires a remarkably fine-tuned set of initial conditions in a patch of the Universe, analytically continued non-commutative foliated quantum gravity captures short and long scales, driving the evolutionary dynamics of the Universe through a reconfiguration of the primordial cosmic content of matter and energy. This reconfiguration is encapsulated into a quantum field potential, which leads to the generation of relic gravitational waves, a topic for future investigation. Graphical representations and contour plots indicate a characteristic torsion (or twist) deformation of spacetime geometry. This result introduces new speculative elements regarding the reconfiguration of matter and energy as a driver of spacetime torsion deformation, generating relic gravitational waves and serving as an alternative topological mechanism for the Universe’s acceleration. However, these assumptions require further investigation.
Hot carrier transfer from plasmon decay in Ag20 at H–Si(111) surface: real-time TDDFT simulation in Wannier gauge
Authors: Bost John L , Shepard Christopher , Kanai Yosuke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Plasmon decay is believed to play an essential role in inducing hot carrier transfer at the interfaces between plasmonic nanoparticles and semiconductor surfaces. In this work, we employ real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) simulation in the Wannier gauge to gain quantum-mechanical insights into the nonlinear dynamics of the plasmon decay in the Ag20 nanoparticle at a semiconductor surface. The first-principles simulations show that the plasmon decay is more than two times faster when the Ag20 nanoparticle is adsorbed on a hydrogen-terminated Si(111) surface, taking place within 100 femtoseconds of the plasmon excitation. Hot carrier transfer across the interface is observed as the plasmon decay takes place, and nearly 30% of holes are generated deep in the valence band of the semiconductor surface. The use of Wannier gauge in RT-TDDFT simulation is particularly convenient for gaining quantum-mechanical insights into non-equilibrium electron dynamics in complex heterogeneous systems.
Multiplet XPS analysis of the Mn 2p for Mn3O4 thin films
Authors: Barreto Jade , Bagus Paul S , Stavale Fernando 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this work, we performed a detailed analysis of the x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) of the Mn 2p peak for Mn3O4(001) thin films. This is a challenging task since Mn3O4 is composed of two different cations, Mn2+ at tetrahedral and Mn3+ at octahedral sites, which both contribute to the XPS spectra. The oxide spectra consist of many multiplets arising from the angular momentum coupling of the open Mn 2p and 3d shells, thus increasing the spectrums’ complexity. Moreover, the energy spacing and intensities of the different multiplets also reflect the covalent mixing between Mn 3d and O 2p shells. However, we show that a detailed analysis, which provides relevant information about the cations in the oxide structure, is possible. We prepared experimentally different Mn3O4 films on Au(111), and their structure was monitored with the diffraction pattern obtained with low-energy electron diffraction. The Mn 2p spectra were fit, guided by cluster model theoretical predictions, and checked for films prepared at different oxygen partial pressures. Therefore, we could observe the Mn2+ and Mn3+ cations’ relative concentration in the Mn 2p mains peaks.
Methods in fluctuation (noise) spectroscopy and continuous analysis for high-throughput measurements
Authors: Thyzel Tim , Kopp Marvin , Pieper Jonathan , Stadler Tristan , Müller Jens 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fluctuation (noise) spectroscopy is widely used to investigate the low-frequency dynamics of charge carriers in condensed-matter systems, aiming to (i) improve the performance of micro- and nanoscale electronic devices and sensors, and (ii) use ‘noise as a signal’ in order to fundamentally investigate the microscopic motion and transitions of charge carriers coupled to the low-lying excitations in solids. Here, we focus on measurements of the ubiquitous

1

/

f

-type fluctuations, often composed by a superposition of (independent or correlated) two-level systems each giving rise to a Lorentzian spectrum, denoted random telegraph noise in the time domain. We briefly review the basic concepts of noise and fluctuations and give a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art measuring techniques, using both commercially available signal analyzers and custom software in order to perform the spectral analysis of the recorded time signals, and critically evaluate their advantages and drawbacks. We describe how to use fast data acquisition devices in a cross-correlation setup providing additional quantitative information on the magnitude of uncorrelated instrument noise, and demonstrate the mathematical intricacies of extracting the noise spectra. We introduce a new method for high-throughput measurements by automated spectral analysis based on the concept of Continuous Analysis. We demonstrate the potential of this technique, working towards a FAIR data workflow, by measurements of magnetic flux noise within the hysteresis loop of ferromagnetic nanostructures.
Fitting the AFM force–distance curves the correct way
Authors: Charvátová Campbell Anna , Klapetek Petr , Šlesinger Radek , Witkovský Viktor , Wimmer Gejza 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Data fitting is an indispensable tool in modern metrology. However, as the models become more and more complex the most popular method, ordinary least squares regression, reaches its limit. As the relative uncertainty in the independent variable increases, we can no longer speak about an exactly known independent variable and an uncertain dependent variable. The increasing complexity of the measurement process may give rise to correlationsFurthermore correlations between data may become non negligible: typical sources are e.g. the use of reference samples or crosstalk between sensors. These problems can be treated with generalized least squares. A new algorithm–Optimum Estimate of Function Parameters by Iterated Linearization (OEFPIL) – has been recently suggested which can handle both a wide class of functions as well as general covariance matrices. We illustrate its application in the analysis of force distance curves in AFM which are used to evaluate the mechanical properties of samples such as the Young’s modulus and adhesion. In this work we apply the new algorithm and compare the results to other methods. The uncertainties obtained by OEFPIL are in good agreement with uncertainties obtained by the Monte Carlo method but can be obtained in a more straightforward way.
A multimodal continuum robot constructed using three stable state characteristics of Kresling origami
Authors: Wang Baiyi , Li Weihua , Yi Zhongwen , Liu Xinhua , Hua Dezheng , Du Haiping , Li Z 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Inspired by the Kresling origami structure and its three stable state characteristics, a novel multimodal continuum robot (MCR) has been proposed in this paper, which achieve its own movement through gas-driven and actively elastic deformed Kresling origami. Airbags are utilized to auxiliary drive in this paper, which makes the specific plane of origami unit transform from first stable state to third stable state. The high stiffness of third stable state endows the origami unit with better carrying capacity and more motion characteristics, and the driving force of the central chamber and selective expansion of airbags enable the multimodal motion of MCR. The theoretical model of MCR and three stable state characteristics of Kresling origami are established to predict and control the behavior of actuator. The experimental results of MCR prototype demonstrate the high carrying capacity of proposed origami unit, the feasibility and high accuracy of multimodal motion. The designing concept of this paper improves the ability of CRs to perform complex tasks and promotes the development of origami structures in the field of robotics.
A hybrid experimental configuration for emissivity measurement at cryogenic temperatures
Authors: John Manu M , K. A. Shafi , Thomas Rijo Jacob 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In cryogenic and high vacuum systems, radiation mode of heat transfer is the primary source of energy interaction owing to the wide temperature differentials and very low temperatures and pressures. Measurement of radiative properties such as emissivity is crucial in the design of cryogenic systems. Emissivity measurement at cryogenic temperatures requires careful consideration of the sample preparation and measurement conditions to ensure accuracy and reliability. Most experimental techniques developed so far are complex in their design and equipment, and they work only on a single measuring method. To address these challenges, this research has proposed a simpler and hybrid experimental setup that could employ both calorimetric and heat flux methods to directly measure the total hemispherical emissivity in the range 90 K–180 K. Experiments were conducted with five types of materials (black paint, stainless steel, aluminum foil, aluminized mylar foil, and copper sheet) by using both methods, and the results were validated with the literature data. The data obtained by calorimetric and heat flux methods for each sample showed a high level of consistency with each other, with a variation of only ±1.5%. Moreover, the discrepancy between the measured and literature data was within the acceptable range of 0.3%–10%. The total hemispherical emissivity of mechanically treated copper was higher than that of chemically polished copper by 11%. This simplified setup has incorporated all possible means to minimize heat leakages into and from the cryostat while maintaining accuracy. The obtained data can be used to accurately estimate the radiation heat loads in cryopumps and other cryogenic systems that use similar components.
Galerkin approximation of Burgers-Huxley equation with fractional order arising in reaction mechanism and diffusion transport
Authors: Arifeen Shams Ul , Haq Sirajul , Ali Ihteram 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Burgers-Huxley model depicts a prototype model of the interaction of convection effect, reaction mechanisms and diffusion transport, used to study the liquid crystal and nerve fibers. This study introduces Galerkin approximation for time-fractional Burgers-Huxley equation (TFBHE). The Caputo derivative is used to evaluate the temporal part using the L
1 formula. The Galerkin approach employs cubic B-spline as a shape and test function, resulting in a symmetric matrix that is easily convergent. In addition, the three-point quadrature rule is implemented to evaluate the integration of complex function . The Von Neumann analysis is used to discuss stability of the scheme. The performance and robustness of the technique is measured using various error norms The results are compared with the exact solution, demonstrating effectiveness of the proposed method.
An investigation of the electrochemical characteristics of NiO-Co3O4/graphite/PVDF composites for the development of a supercapacitor with ultrahigh stability
Authors: P S Deva Priya , Philip Abin , Ruban Kumar A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Supercapacitors are a groundbreaking electrical energy storage technology that falls between batteries and dielectric capacitors which has undergone significant progress in recent years. Among the several elements influencing a supercapacitor’s capacitance, the choice of electrode materials plays a crucial role. Nanomaterials formed from transition metal oxides (TMOs) with incorporated 3D graphite are said to possess high capacitance, conductivity, increased active site area, distinct redox properties and several valence shells, making them an appropriate material for electrode synthesis. Therefore, in this study, three composites of NiO and Co3O4 are prepared in the ratio of 2:8, 3:7 and 4:6 using facile sol–gel method. To the prepared composites, graphite and PVDF are added in equal quantities. The resultant samples are characterized using XRD, SEM, FTIR and UV–vis spectroscopy. The samples are further integrated on an FTO electrode and subjected to CV, GCD and EIS for electrochemical study. The highest specific capacitance is obtained for NiO and Co3O4 composite in the ratio 3:7 and is equal to 156.66 F g−1 at a sweep rate of 10 mV s−1. This material is further subjected to a two-electrode study to check its feasibility to develop a symmetric solid-state device. It demonstrated a specific capacitance of 36 F g−1 with 100% capacitive retention.
Generation of mode-locked pulses assisted by reduced graphene oxide/cerium oxide (rGO/CeO2) embedded in arc-shaped fiber
Authors: Loganathan Kirubhashni , Ahmad Harith , Yusoff Norazriena 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study demonstrates the synthesis of a reduced graphene oxide/cerium oxide (rGO/CeO2) composite and its successful use as a saturable absorber (SA) in ultrafast photonics. The rGO/CeO2 composite was synthesized using a facile hydrothermal approach, and an arc-shaped fiber was fabricated using a polishing technique. The arc-shaped fiber employed indirect evanescent field coupling, allowing interaction between the composite material and the laser, and facilitating the generation of mode-locked pulses. An arc-shaped fiber drop-casted with rGO/CeO2 was connected to a 2.0 μm laser source, achieving a modulation depth of 50.16%. The emitted laser pulses have a duration of 1.428 ps, an operational wavelength of 1904 nm, and a spectral bandwidth of 2.76 nm. The pulse energy was 1.92 nJ with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 50 dB. This study introduces rGO/CeO2 embedded in an arc-shaped fiber as an effective SA, exhibiting favorable nonlinear optical absorption in the near 2.0 μm wavelength region, making it suitable for applications in ultrafast photonics.
Resonance scattering generated by rotating bodies
Authors: Li Renxian , Tang Huan , Wei Bing , Gong Shuhong , Yang Ruiping , Shi Zhuoyuan , Zhang Yuan , Jiao Yuexiao , Xiao Li , Minin Igor V , Minin Oleg V 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The scattering of rotating bodies to a polarized plane wave, including the dielectric cylinder and sphere, is studied. The resonance caused by rotation is emphasized. Numerical results prove that the resonance scattering caused by rotation can be realized in the optical range. It is sensitive to the rotation dimensionless parameter γ. The internal Mie mode corresponding to the electromagnetic field intensity changes with γ, and the resonant mode appears when the particle rotates at a specific speed. Moreover, the resonant mode changes with γ. It causes resonance scattering to appear in the same particle at different speeds. Inside particles, resonant rings are composed of a series of array points and are determined by γ. Under resonance conditions, the energy near the rotating cylinder is consistent with its rotation direction. In contrast, the direction of energy flow in the rotating sphere model is opposite to the direction of particle rotation. This work provides a novel idea for the design of ultra-sensitive sensors and resonators. It has promising applications in optical communication, optical microscopy, and optical signal processing.
Eco-friendly high microporosity low temperature plasma exposed activated carbon from coconut shell for nano hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Deepa R , K A Vijayalakhmi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study looked at the structural, chemical, and electrochemical properties of coconut shell activated carbon (CSAC) before and after plasma treatment. Structural analysis using x-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated that plasma treatment improves graphitic structure by plans at (002) and (101) for higher angles. Chemical investigation utilizing Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed an increase in hydroxyl groups and carboxylic content following plasma treatment, which enhances electrochemical performance. Raman spectroscopy revealed a drop in the ID/IG ratio from 1.00 to 0.90, indicating enhanced graphitic order. Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed that plasma treatment improves surface shape, while elemental analysis assessed the high carbon content (76.56% by weight). Contact angle measurements showed a decrease from 114° to 65°, showing improved hydrophilicity after treatment. Electrochemical investigation shows that the plasma-treated CSAC had a maximum specific capacitance of 1612 F g−1, compared to 729 F g−1 for the untreated CSAC, and a total capacitance of plasma treated1685 F/g are untreated 1400 F g−1. A Type II+III pattern on the isotherms implied capillary condensation in mesopores. The plasma treatment indicated improved porosity and potential adsorption capacity by increasing the specific surface area and decreasing the average pore width. The cyclic stability tests indicated that the plasma-treated CSAC retained 94% capacitance and 98% coulombic efficiency after 3000 cycles, which is superior to the untreated CSAC’s 92% capacitance retention and 95% coulombic efficiency. This reveals that plasma-treated CSAC has significantly improved performance and stability, making it an excellent alternative for high-performance and cost-effective energy storage applications.
Flaw detection of railway catenary insulator based on DP-YOLOv5 algorithm with bright and dark channel enhancement
Authors: Yi Lingzhi , Luo Lifu , Wang Yahui , She Haixiang , Liu Jiangyong , Dong Tengfei , Luo Suofan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
To ensure the timely detection of safety hazards in overhead transmission lines with railroad conductors and improve the accuracy of night insulator defect detection, this paper proposes the DP-YOLOv5 algorithm with dark and light channel enhancement optimization. It improves the night insulator image quality by introducing the dark and light channel enhancement algorithm, builds a lightweight network by combining the DP-BS module, and adds the Shuffle Attention module to enhance the feature extraction and ensure detection accuracy. At the same time, the EC-Loss loss function is used to optimize the prediction frame adjustment, accelerate the model convergence, and improve detection efficiency and accuracy. The simulation results show that the insulator dataset processed by DP-YOLOv5 has an accuracy of 95.3%, a recall of 94.8%, an average accuracy of 95.5%, and FLOPs of 219.3. Compared with YOLOv5, the mapped value is improved by 0.9%, the F1 is improved by 1%, and the model parameter and FLOPs are reduced by 48.8% and 50.8%, respectively.
Formation and decay of oscillons after inflation in the presence of an external coupling. Part I. Lattice simulations
Authors: Shafi Mohammed , Copeland Edmund J. , Mahbub Rafid , Mishra Swagat S. , Basak Soumen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We investigate the formation and decay of oscillons during the post-inflationary reheating epoch from inflaton oscillations around asymptotically flat potentials V(φ) in the presence of an external coupling of the form 1/2 g
2
φ
2
χ
2. It is well-known that in the absence of such an external coupling, the attractive self-interaction term in the potential leads to the formation of copious amounts of long-lived oscillons both for symmetric and asymmetric plateau potentials. We perform a detailed numerical analysis to study the formation of oscillons in the α-attractor E- and T-model potentials using the publicly available lattice simulation code
CosmoLattice. We observe the formation of nonlinear oscillon-like structures with the average equation of state ⟨wφ
⟩ ≃ 0 for a range of values of the inflaton self-coupling λ and the external coupling g
2. Our results demonstrate that oscillons form even in the presence of an external coupling and we determine the upper bound on g
2 which facilitates oscillon formation. We also find that eventually, these oscillons decay into the scalar inflaton radiation as well as into the quanta of the offspring field χ. Thus, we establish the possibility that reheating could have proceeded through the channel of oscillon decay, along with the usual decay of the oscillating inflaton condensate into χ particles. For a given value of the self-coupling λ, we notice that the lifetime of a population of oscillons decreases with an increase in the strength of the external coupling, following an (approximately) inverse power-law dependence on g
2.
Search for the Hawking radiation of primordial black holes: prospective sensitivity of LHAASO
Authors: Yang Chen , Wang Sai , Zhao Meng-Lin , Zhang Xin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Primordial black holes (PBHs), more generally, BHs, undergo evaporation and, in principle, will end their lives in bursts of very high-energy gamma rays. The notable aspect of the PBHs with an initial mass of ∼ 1014 g is that they are expected to end their lives today. In this work, we assess the potential sensitivity of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) in detecting the local burst rate density of PBHs. Our results suggest that LHAASO is capable of probing for PBH bursts within a proximity of ∼ 0.1 pc from the Sun, measuring a local burst rate density of ∼ 1200 (or 700)pc-3 yr-1 with 99% confidence during a 3-year (or 5-year) observational campaign. This level of sensitivity surpasses the most rigorous observational constraint provided by the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC) by an order of magnitude. Additionally, we propose data analysis strategies for LHAASO to optimize the search for PBHs and reach its potential detection limits.