bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of DNA barcode in the identification of fish species from Ribeira de Iguape Basin and coastal rivers from São Paulo State (Brazil)
Authors: Henriques Jefferson Monteiro , Silva Guilherme José Costa , Ashikaga Fernando Yuldi , Hanner Robert , Foresti Fausto , Oliveira Claudio 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSpecies identification is a difficult task, ranging from the definition of the species concept itself to the definition of the threshold for speciation. DNA Barcode technology uses a fragment of the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene as a molecular tool that many studies have already validated as a tool for species identification. DNA barcode sequences for COI were generated and analyzed from 805 specimens. The General Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) analysis recognized 99 independent evolution units, and the Barcode Index Numbers (BIN) approach pointed to the existence of 104 BINs (interpreted as distinct species). By cross-tabulating the results of all approaches, we identified 109 Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTU) by at least one methodology. In most cases (89 MOTUs), the genetic approaches are in agreement with morphological identification, and the discrepant results of MOTUs are in the complex groups, which have many morphological similarities but may represent species complexes.
A record of the Porbeagle, Lamna nasus, in coastal waters of Buenos Aires (Argentina) confirmed by DNA barcoding
Authors: Mabragaña Ezequiel , Astarloa Juan M. Díaz de , Lucifora Luis O. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA record of a juvenile Porbeagle, Lamna nasus, in the coastal waters of Argentina is confirmed by DNA barcoding, since the specimen lacked some external diagnostic features. We discuss the occurrence of this species in the coastal waters of Argentina, its molecular affinity with conspecifics from a broad range of the species, and relevant conservation issues.
Adding nuclear rhodopsin data where mitochondrial COI indicates discrepancies – can this marker help to explain conflicts in cyprinids?
Authors: Behrens-Chapuis S. , Herder F. , Esmaeili H. R. , Freyhof J. , Hamidan N. A. , Özuluğ M. , Šanda R. , Geiger M. F. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractDNA barcoding is a fast and reliable tool for species identification, and has been successfully applied to a wide range of freshwater fishes. The limitations reported were mainly attributed to effects of geographic scale, taxon-sampling, incomplete lineage sorting, or mitochondrial introgression. However, the metrics for the success of assigning unknown samples to species or genera also depend on a suited taxonomic framework. A simultaneous use of the mitochondrial COI and the nuclear RHO gene turned out to be advantageous for the barcode efficiency in a few previous studies. Here, we examine 14 cyprinid fish genera, with a total of 74 species, where standard DNA barcoding failed to identify closely related species unambiguously. Eight of the genera (Acanthobrama, Alburnus, Chondrostoma, Gobio, Mirogrex, Phoxinus, Scardinius, and Squalius) contain species that exhibit very low interspecific divergence, or haplotype sharing (12 species pairs) with presumed introgression based on mtCOI data. We aimed to test the utility of the nuclear rhodopsin marker to uncover reasons for the high similarity and haplotype sharing in these different groups. The included labeonine species belonging to Crossocheilus, Hemigrammocapoeta, Tylognathus and Typhlogarra were found to be nested within the genus Garra based on mtCOI. This specific taxonomic uncertainty was also addressed by the use of the additional nuclear marker. As a measure of the delineation success we computed barcode gaps, which were present in 75% of the species based on mtCOI, but in only 39% based on nuclear rhodopsin sequences. Most cases where standard barcodes failed to offer unambiguous species identifications could not be resolved by adding the nuclear marker. However, in the labeonine cyprinids included, nuclear rhodopsin data generally supported the lineages as defined by the mitochondrial marker. This suggests that mitochondrial patterns were not mislead by introgression, but are caused by an inadequate taxonomy. Our findings support the transfer of the studied species of Crossocheilus, Hemigrammocapoeta, Tylognathus and Typhlogarra to Garra.
The applicability of DNA barcoding for dietary analysis of sika deer
Authors: Nakahara Fumiko , Ando Haruko , Ito Hideyuki , Murakami Asako , Morimoto Naoki , Yamasaki Michimasa , Takayanagi Atsushi , Isagi Yuji 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn Japan, overgrazing by sika deer (Cervus nippon) has been suggested to cause a decline in forest understory vegetation. DNA barcoding has become an accepted method for analyzing the diets of animals and may be useful for evaluating the impact of sika deer on vegetation. However, the applicability of DNA barcoding in the dietary analysis of sika deer, particularly whether all of the food plants can be detected with sufficient taxonomic resolution and whether the results can be evaluated quantitatively, has not been investigated. We conducted a feeding trial by feeding five plant species to a captive sika deer and sequenced the chloroplast trnL P6 loop region from the sika deer’s fecal DNA using the Ion PGM sequencer. We detected the sequences of all of the food plants at the species level using the local (selfproduced) database and at the genus or family level with the global database. Although the sequences of some major food plants were detected with high frequency, the proportion of consumed food plants did not match the proportion of sequences obtained from fecal DNA. With further technical advances and the further completeness of the sequence database for vegetation, DNA barcoding will be a useful tool for the dietary study of sika deer.
Was ist eine Person?
Authors: Perler Dominik 
Published: July 2016

AbstractLeibniz holds that we cannot give an account of the synchronic and diachronic identity of a person without appealing to a substance. This paper analyses his reasons for this anti-Lockean thesis. It first looks at his theory of substance, paying particular attention to his commitment to the Principle of Sufficient Reason: the existence of a well-ordered series of mental states cannot be sufficiently explained without reference to a substance. The paper then examines the distinction Leibniz draws between the substance as the “real person” and the “appearing person” that comes into existence through reflexive consciousness. It argues that there can be no appearing person without a real person and looks at the relationship between these two types of person. Leibniz’s distinction is still relevant because it shows that questions concerning the metaphysical constitution of a person need to be carefully distinguished from questions concerning the psychological construction of a personality.
Die Natur der Werte – eine pragmatistische Perspektive
Authors: Jung Matthias 
Published: July 2016

AbstractValues are neither discovered nor constructed. Pragmatist thinkers, by rejecting both alternatives, are able to develop convincing answers to the question about the place of values in nature. The argument unfolds in three steps: (1)The meaning of the term “naturalism” is differentiated in the light of Pragmatist insights. Deweyan naturalism rejects both scientism and subjectivism and treats values as being developed naturally in the course of ordinary experience. Values are qualities of the interaction-cycle between organism and environment and accordingly as real as atoms and their interactions. (2) Value-experiences integrate receptivity and reflexivity. The desirable is elaborated as the reflective transformation of the factually desired and thus always retains contingent experiences. (3) The human good as articulated in values is always prone to particularistic, exclusionary interpretations. Hence the importance of universal norms as checking-instances (“Prüfinstanzen”, H. Joas) for values. But, conversely, normative universalism remains anaemic without support by actually lived value-orientations.
Preparation and properties of chemically reduced graphene oxide/copolymer-polyamide nanocomposites
Authors: Liu Xin , Shao Xiao Yu , Fang Guan Biao , He Hai Feng , Wan Zhen Gao 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
To enhance the physical properties of copolymer-polyamide (CO-PA), a sequence of nanocomposites based upon CO-PA and chemically reduced graphene oxide (CRGO) nanoplatelets were prepared by in-situ reduction using hydrazine hydrate. Graphene oxide (GO), prepared by the improved Hummers method, was used to fabricate CRGO nanaoplatelets. Atomic-force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the thickness and the width of GO was about 0.9 nm and 1 μm, respectively. An abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups were introduced onto the GO sheets. XRD and SEM analysis showed that CRGO nanoplatelets were well dispersed in the CO-PA matrix with the appropriate CRGO content. TGA and DSC analysis demonstrated that CRGO nanoplatelets can significantly improve the thermal stability, glass-transition temperature, crystallization temperature of the composites. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were improved significantly with the appropriate increment of CRGO nanoplatelets content, though the elongation at break of the composites decreased with the increase of CRGO nanoplatelets content. The electrical conductivity test showed a significant increase in electrical conductivity from an insulator to almost a semiconductor with increasing CRGO nanoplatelets content. And at 1.0 wt% CRGO content, the electrical percolation threshold of the nanocomposites was found.
Continuous dependence of a solution of a neutral functional differential equation on the right-hand side and initial data taking into account perturbations of variable delays
Authors: Gorgodze Nika , Ramishvili Ia , Tadumadze Tamaz 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Theorems on the continuous dependence of a solution of the Cauchy problem with respect to the nonlinear term of the right-hand side and initial data are proved for neutral functional differential equations whose right-hand sides are linear with respect to the prehistory of the phase velocity. Under the initial data we imply a collection of initial moment, variable delays entering in the phase coordinates, initial vector and initial functions. In this paper, an essential novelty is that perturbations of variable delays are taken into account in proving the main theorems.
Functions of bounded fractional differential variation – A new concept
Authors: Prajapati Jyotindra C. , Kachhia Krunal B. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The idea of functions of bounded differential variation was introduced by Bhatt, Dabhi and Kachhia in [2].
In the present paper, we introduce functions of bounded fractional differential variation using the Caputo-type fractional derivative instead of the commonly used first-order derivative. Various properties and relation with some known results of classical analysis are also studied. We prove that the space

BFDV
⁢

[
a
,
b
]

${\mathrm{BFDV}[a,b]}$

of all functions of bounded fractional differential variation on

[
a
,
b
]

${[a,b]}$

is a normed algebra under certain type of norms.
Constituents from Chloranthaceae plants and their biological activities
Authors: Zhang Manli , Liu Dan , Fan Guiqiang , Wang Ruxing , Lu Xinghua , Gu Yucheng , Shi Qing-Wen 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The Chloranthaceae is a small family with only four genera (Ascarina, Chloranthus, Hedyosmum, Sarcandra), of which nearly 70 species are distributed around the world. Chemical constituents in Chloranthaceae plants, especially sesquiterpenes, have attracted a great deal of attention in recent 5 years. Many characteristic constituents of this family may be responsible for anti-microbial, anti-tumor and other activities. In order to provide information for the future research, the structures and biological activities of the known constituents from the plants of Chloranthaceae have been reviewed in this article.
Helminth fauna of Lebanon Lizard,Phoenicolacerta laevis(Gray, 1838), (Squamata: Lacertidae) from Southern Turkey
Authors: Bırlık S. , Yildirimhan H. S. , Sümer N. , Kumlutaş Y. , Ilgaz Ç. , Durmuş S. H. , Güçlü Ö. , Candan K. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryIn the years 2010 and 2014, fifty-four samples ofPhoenicolacerta laevisfrom eight localities in Adana (n=6) and Hatay (n=48) were collected and examined for helminth parasites. New host and locality records were recorded. As a results of present study, three species of Digenea,Sonsinotrema tacapense, Prosthodendrium chilostomum, Brachylaimasp. (metacercaria); two species of Cestoda,Oochoristica tuberculataandMesocestoides sp. and four species of Nematoda,Skrjabinodon medinae, Spauligodon sp.,Thubunaea sp. and a larva of the AscaridiidaeAscarididaegen.sp. were reported for lizard samples. We document new host records for all of helminth species reported here.Sonsionotrema tacapense(Digenea), andThubunaea sp. (Nematoda) are recorded for the first time from Turkey. There are, to our knowledge, no reports of helminths forP. laevisin Turkey and also from its range.
A long-term survey ofFascioloides magnain red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Slovakia (Danube floodplain forests) during the period of 2005 – 2015
Authors: Bazsalovicsová E. , Špakulová M. , Juhásová L’. , Miholics Š. , Rajský D. , Králová-Hromadová I. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryFascioloidosis of wild and domestic ruminants is caused by giant liver fluke,Fascioloides magna(Trematoda; Fasciolidae). In Slovakia, the parasite is present in the Danube floodplain forests permanent focus for almost 30 years. Here we provide data on 11-year survey ofF. magnaacquired from 137 red deer (Cervus elaphus) hunted in the southwestern hunting grounds (districts Komárno and Dunajská Streda). Almost 47 % of all examined deer, including males, females and fawns, were infected withF. magna. During the studied period, the prevalence ranged between 33.3 % (2009) and 63.6 % (2007). Prevalence of fascioloidosis varied between sexes and age categories; while the lowest overall prevalence was detected in females (33.3 %), higher values were documented for red deer males (50.6 %) and fawns (43.3 %). A presence of giant liver fluke in studied regions of southwestern Slovakia deserves future attention and ongoing monitoring due to a possible threat ofF. magnainfection of domestic ruminants in overlapping regions.
Application of TTSP to wood-development of a vertical shift factor
Authors: Wang Fuli , Huang Tianlai , Shao Zhuoping 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The applicability of the time-temperature superposition principle (TTSP) to wood has been investigated aiming at the prediction of long-term mechanical properties of wood by both horizontally and vertically shifting of short-term stress relaxation data obtained by experiments. The expression of TTSP considering the vertical shift factor (b

T
) for wood is proposed the first time. The results showed that: (1) TTSP applied to poplar and the master curve that was obtained from 1 h of tests at 283.2, 303.2, 320.2, 343.2, and 363.2 K in a relative humidity (RH) of 60% could predict the stress relaxation behavior for approximately 42 years at 283.2 K and 60% RH. (2) There was a linear correlation between lga

T
and T
-1, lg a

T
=6590.40 T

-1
-23.64 (R2=0.994), which followed the Arrhenius equation well, while the apparent activation energy was 34.6 kcal mole-1. (3) The b

T
had a linear relationship with temperature, and the relation was lgb

T
=0.0013T-0.37 (R2=0.999). (4) The long-term relaxation curve of the long-term verification test had high goodness of fit with the master curve. The results can be interpreted that the TTSP expression considering the b

T
proposed in this paper is rational.
Immediate drop-out rate in adolescent substance abusers: an out-patient chart review from North India
Authors: Arya Sidharth , Gupta Rajiv , Rathee Sunila , Rawat Vinay 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Introduction:
Although a number of management strategies are available for adolescent substance abusers, the outcomes are limited due to high drop out. The factors related to drop out in adolescent substance users, especially in low and middle income countries (LAMIC) have been sparsely studied.

Objective:
To study the personal, family and clinical variables related to immediate drop out in adolescent substance abusers.

Materials and methods:
A retrospective outpatient chart review was carried out for adolescent substance abusers aged 12–19 years from January 2012 to December 2014.

Results:
Of the 89 patients, 57 (64%) dropped out immediately. The majority of adolescent substance users were >17 years (85%), having some education (90%), belonging to a joint family (76%), having good family support (66%). Drop out was higher in those with later onset and less duration of substance abuse (3.42 vs. 2.36, p=0.014), not currently employed/attending school (OR=2.65, 95% CI=1.04–6.70), not having a psychiatric comorbidity, using a single substance and abusing cannabis. Factors like school drop out, background, family type and support and the relationship to the accompanying person were not associated with immediate drop out.

Conclusion:
Later onset, lesser duration of substance use, not currently employed/attending school, absence of psychiatric illness and using cannabis were associated with drop out from outpatient treatment. These factors must be thoroughly addressed in substance abuse interventions.
A retrospective chart review: adolescents with borderline personality disorder, borderline personality traits, and controls
Authors: Jopling Ellen N. , Khalid-Khan Sarosh , Chandrakumar Shivani F. , Segal Shira C. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
With an estimated lifetime prevalence as high as 5.9% in the general population, borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by marked impulsivity as well as difficulties in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects. The burden on the health care system is immense with BPD patients accounting for 10%–20% of the patients in mental health outpatient facilities and 15%–40% in mental health inpatient facilities. Further, while 75%–80% of BPD patients attempt to commit suicide, 10% succeed; this mortality rate exceeds even that of anorexia nervosa which, with a weighted mortality rate of 5.1%, has often been considered to have the highest mortality rate of any mental disorder. In order to provide treatment and to implement preventative measures, a risk profile as well as clinical features must be identified within the adolescent population. This is presently crucial, as the current criteria for BPD are not developmentally focused, and as a result, criteria initially developed for the adult population are being applied in diagnoses of adolescents. A population of adolescents (n=80) between 16 and 19 years of age meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) criteria either for BPD traits (n=46) or for BPD (n=36) were included in a retrospective chart review; a control group consisting of n=30 mood and anxiety control subjects were included to allow for further comparisons. Complex significant differences were discovered between the three groups in the following areas: history of sexual abuse, suicidal ideation, internalizing/externalizing symptoms, interpersonal difficulties, impulsivity, pre-perinatal stress, bullying, substance abuse, anxiety disorders, disruptive disorders, and finally, learning disorders.
Natural Convective Flow Analysis For Nanofluids With Reynold,s Model of Viscosity
Authors: Akbar Noreen Sher , Ali Khan Liaqat , Hayat Khan Zafar 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this article, we have considered an incompressible nanofluids flow and studied the effects of variable viscosity in the form of a well-known Reynold’s model of viscosity in an asymmetric channel. The fluid viscosity is assumed to vary as an exponential function of temperature. The governing fundamental equations are approximated under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynold,s number. The governing momentum and energy and nanoparticle equations are solved using shooting technique to obtain the expressions for stream functions, pressure rise temperature and nanoparticle concentration field. Trapping phenomena are also discussed at the end of the article to see the behaviour of different parameters on streamlines. It is analyzed that the pressure rise and amount of flow rate are charitable conflicting consequences. It is analyzed that the temperature profile increases with the increase in Prandtl parameter Pr, the Brownian motion parameter

N
b

${N_b}$

and the thermophoresis parameter

N
t

${N_t}$

.
Multiple Soliton Solutions, Soliton-Type Solutions and Hyperbolic Solutions for the Benjamin–Bona–Mahony Equation with Variable Coefficients in Rotating Fluids and One-Dimensional Transmitted Waves
Authors: Zeng Zhi-Fang , Liu Jian-Guo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
With the help of symbolic computation, the Benjamin–Bona–Mahony (BBM) equation with variable coefficients is presented, which was proposed for the first time by Benjamin as the regularized long-wave equation and originally derived as approximation for surface water waves in a uniform channel. By employing the improved

(

G

′

/

G
)

$(G^' /G)$

-expansion method, the truncated Painlevé expansion method, we derive new auto-Bäcklund transformation, hyperbolic solutions, a variety of traveling wave solutions, soliton-type solutions and two solitary wave solutions of the BBM equation. These obtained solutions possess abundant structures. The figures corresponding to these solutions are illustrated to show the particular localized excitations and the interactions between two solitary waves.
Numerical Investigation of Hydromagnetic Hybrid Cu – Al2O3/Water Nanofluid Flow over a Permeable Stretching Sheet with Suction
Authors: Devi S. P. Anjali , Devi S. Suriya Uma 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
An emerging concept of hybrid nanofluid with a new improved model of its thermophysical properties are introduced in the present work. Hybrid nanofluid is an advanced type of conventional heat transfer fluids, which has been employed for the enhancement of heat transfer rate. Two distinct fluids, namely hybrid nanofluid

(

C
u
−
A

l

2

O

3

/

w
a
t
e
r

)

$({\rm{Cu - A}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{/water}})$

and nanofluid (Cu/water) are used to investigate the parametric features of the flow and heat transfer phenomena over a permeable stretching sheet in the presence of magnetic field. The effects of various physical parameters and effecting physical quantities of interest are analyzed. From this study it is observed that the heat transfer rate of hybrid nanofluid

(

C
u
−
A

l

2

O

3

/

w
a
t
e
r

)

$({\rm{Cu - A}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{/water}})$

is higher than that of Nanofluid (Cu/water) under magnetic field environment. More combinations of different nanocomposites can be tried so that the desired heat transfer rate can be achieved.