bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Function of ZmBT2a gene in resistance to pathogen infection in maize
Authors: Zhou Fan , Wang Yonggui , Liu Pengfei , Ma Wenxiao , He Ruobing , Cao Hongzhe , Xing Jihong , Zhang Kang , Dong Jingao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe BTB-TAZ protein is a subfamily of the BTB protein family and plays a crucial regulatory role in plant resistance to pathogen infection. However, the function of the maize BTB-TAZ protein ZmBT2a in maize resistance to pathogens has not been reported. Here, we investigate the role of ZmBT2a in maize resistance to pathogen infection by examining its expression characteristics. The results showed that the expression level of ZmBT2a changed significantly in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in maize. Moreover, ZmBT2a-OE exhibited enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, while the maize ZmBT2a mutants Zmbt2a-1 and Zmbt2a-2 showed increased sensitivity to Fusarium graminearum and Cochliobolus carbonum infections. Notably, the expression of the key synthetic genes ZmLOXs and pathogenesis-related genes ZmPRs in the JA synthesis pathway was significantly down-regulated during F. graminearum infection. Additionally, yeast two-hybrid assays confirmed the direct interaction between ZmBT2a and E3 ubiquitinated proteins ZmCUL3a and ZmCUL3b. These findings suggest that the ZmBT2a gene is crucial in maize resistance to pathogen infection. It is hypothesized that ZmBT2a binds to ZmCUL3 and, through ubiquitination, affects the transcriptional regulation of ZmLOXs and ZmPRs by downstream transcription factors, thus participating in the disease resistance process of maize.
Co-occurrence of neurofibromatosis type 1, caused by Alu insertion, and 16p13.11 microduplication
Authors: Quental Rita , Pinho Diana , Tkachenko Natália , Gonzaga Diana , Mota Maria do Céu , Garrido Cristina , Carmona Carla , Quental Sofia , Fortuna Ana Maria , Azevedo Soares Célia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), an autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by a spectrum of diverse neurocutaneous manifestations, is caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants in NF1 gene. While patients with NF1 often exhibit characteristic features, atypical phenotypes can arise, necessitating consideration of differential diagnoses or concurrent pathologies.

Case presentation
A seven-year-old boy with suspected NF1 underwent clinical evaluation. He presented hallmark café-au-lait spots, axillary freckling, and neurofibromas. Neuroimaging revealed a cranial plexiform neurofibroma. Additionally, he exhibited attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental delay. Genetic testing identified an Alu insertion variant within the NF1 gene, and subsequent array comparative genomic hybridization detected a 16p13.11 duplication.

Conclusions
This case underscores the intricate molecular bases of NF1 by identifying a rare Alu insertion variant. The patient's neurocognitive challenges and dysmorphic features prompted exploration of a potential overlapping genetic condition. Coexisting genetic disorders have been documented in NF1 patients, emphasizing the necessity of discerning atypical manifestations. The observed 16p13.11 duplication likely contributes to the patient's phenotype, enhancing the precision of diagnosis, prognosis, and genetic counseling.
Recurrence following percutaneous exclusion of giant coronary pseudoaneurysm: a case report
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Saibal , Yusuf Jamal , Gautam Ankur , Kathuria Sanjeev , Batra Vishal 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Emergence of coronary giant pseudoaneurysm (PSA) after stent implantation is potentially catastrophic and may end up with life threatening complications if not managed promptly. There is scarcity of data in existing literature with respect to guidelines on the management of coronary PSA following stent implantation. We report the recurrence of coronary PSA following initial percutaneous management of a giant coronary PSA using multiple stent grafts.

Case presentation
A 38-year-old male who underwent primary angioplasty of the right coronary artery (RCA) about a month back, presented with dull aching precordial chest pain for the last 15 days. A repeat coronary angiography revealed giant coronary PSA in proximal to mid RCA. Considering the significantly large size of the coronary PSA with symptoms of impending rupture, the giant coronary PSA was successfully excluded by implanting three sequentially coronary stent grafts. However, after one and a half months, the patient again presented with a similar kind of dull aching chest pain. We found a recurrence of coronary PSA in a segment of the coronary artery distal to the portion excluded by stent grafts. This recurrent coronary PSA was once again successfully excluded by redeploying two more stent grafts with the help of a guide extension catheter.

Conclusions
In this case, vessel wall injury as a result of aggressive post dilatation using an oversized balloon during the index procedure was the contributor to the giant coronary PSA formation. It usually appears early after the index procedure (within 4 weeks). Though the usual strategy used to exclude coronary aneurysm is by using the minimal number of stent grafts (due to the inherent increased risk of restenosis/thrombosis in stent grafts) in post angioplasty traumatic aneurysm it is prudent to exclude the entire damaged artery by placing stent grafts to prevent recurrence in segments with even minimal dilatation on initial evaluation.
Application of the wavelet transform and Hilbert–Huang transform in stratigraphic sequence division of Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in Southwest Sichuan Basin
Authors: Li Zheng , Tian Jingchun , Cai Laixing , Yang Tian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the southwestern Sichuan Basin, the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation encompasses a multitude of working areas, displaying intricate sedimentary traits. Traditional methods of stratigraphic division based on sequence suffer from inherent subjectivity and limitations. This study employs a combined mathematical approach to use the wavelet transform (WT) and the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT). It decomposes the natural gamma ray (GR) logging curve into energy spectrum plots and wavelet coefficients at different scales, high and low frequency signals at different frequencies, and a set of intrinsic mode function components and residual functions. The study conducted a detailed stratigraphic division of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the southwestern Sichuan Basin using these methods. The WT offers greater resolution for the periodic changes in the base level, whereas the HHT demonstrates a superior correlation with the positions of stratigraphic interfaces. The combined utilization of the continuous wavelet transform, the discrete wavelet transform, and HHT methods has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in the stratigraphic division of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation. These methods have been shown to enhance the accuracy of stratigraphic division and to reduce the influence of subjective factors. This study presents new insights and approaches for geological data processing, offering significant theoretical and practical implications and novel technical means for oil and gas exploration and development.
马来西亚雪兰莪州沙叻新村的祖语传承研究
Authors: 王 晓梅 , 梁 小柔 
Published: September 2024

提要
马来西亚华人社会的祖语传承体现出一定的特殊性 (郭熙 2017), 打破了费希曼 “语不过三代” 的移民语言传承研究假设 (王晓梅 2007)。 为了进一步探讨这种特殊性, 我们选取华人聚居区新村作为研究地点, 希望能够深入剖析当地的祖语传承情况, 梳理影响祖语传承的因素, 创立新村祖语传承研究范式。 我们在雪兰莪州沙叻新村的田野调查工作从2023年6月5日开始, 先后进行了5次, 主要采用访谈法、语言景观调查法以及文献分析法, 对村内海南会馆、觉侨华小、水尾圣娘庙等机构的负责人以及村民等7人进行了访谈, 同时对村内主要华语景观进行了拍摄, 并收集会馆和学校特刊等文献材料。 研究初步发现沙叻新村的祖语传承经历了从海南话到客家话与华语并存的阶段, 目前则面对人口外流所引起的人口老化等问题, 进而威胁到祖语的传承。 基于该新村的研究结果, 我们发现跨方言群通婚、华语教育普及等因素是促成祖语更迭的主要因素;海南会馆、水尾圣娘庙等华团是觉侨学校的后盾, 是华文教育的坚定支持者。 此外, 新村的语言变迁也受到大马华人社会整体的语言演进的影响。
The intersection of Chineseness and internationalism among Chinese millennials at an EMI university
Authors: Weekly Robert , Picucci-Huang Shih-Ching (Susan) 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates Chineseness and internationalism through the naming practices of young Chinese learners’ at EMI universities. Investigating the participants’ use of their English/Chinese names in their immediate study environment to start, our study delves into issues related to who can be defined as Chinese, what Chineseness involves, and its intersection with internationalism. A questionnaire was distributed at a Sino-British university in mainland China and a pre-sessional course in the UK via email in 2019. Data from the 357 questionnaire responses was followed by nine randomly selected respondents who were invited for semi-structured interviews. The data was coded using NVivo 10 and thematic analysis was utilized to understand the key themes. The study found rising confidence among the participants, represented by a rejection of the association between internationalism and westernisation. The participants proffered Chineseness as equal claims to internationalism as western culture, albeit being a continuing site of struggle and confrontation. Further, a distinctive ‘Chinese way of thinking’ is a key marker of Chinese identity, which alludes to an essentialist Chineseness rooted in mainland China.
Stylistic codification of traditional forms of poetic text (based on the material of the ancient Chinese theoretical study of poetry “Shi-Ping” (诗品, “Categories of Poems”)
Authors: Kostanda Iryna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The study of the main works that codified the classical forms of the Chinese text is important for analysing the ways of development of poetic works and determining the formation of their stylistic norms, mechanisms, and thematic concepts. The research aims to analyse the peculiarities of the stylistic codification of ancient Chinese traditional verse forms based on the theoretical material of Zhong Rong’s “Shi-Ping” (诗品). The following methods were used: deductive, content analysis, and comparative. The research results determined that ancient Chinese poetry is known for its unique depth, sophistication, and richness of images. Zhong Rong’s treatise “Shi-Ping” influenced the formation of stylistic features of classical Chinese five-line poetry. The analysis of its textual data has shown that this anthology emphasises the importance of the poetic form, especially rhythm and melody, and provides specific recommendations for the use of iambic pentameter, which contributed to its popularisation and development. The practical significance lies in the use of the information by scholars in the fields of philology, linguistics, cultural studies, linguistics, as well as specialists who study the traditional forms of Chinese poetic text.
Zur Entgrenzung der Verantwortungsethik in der planetarischen Bildung
Authors: Mattig Ruprecht 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Mit Blick auf die Herausforderungen des Anthropozäns entwickelt der Beitrag den Begriff der planetarischen Bildung. Dabei wird auf so unterschiedliche Denker wie Chakrabarty, Humboldt und Novalis Bezug genommen. Der Beitrag zeigt, dass im Anthropozän ein neues Verständnis des Menschen als einer planetarischen Kraft, die in bislang zerstörerischer Weise auf die nicht-menschliche Welt einwirkt, entsteht. Diese Überlegung wirft wiederum Fragen nach dem Verhältnis von Mensch und Welt auf. Ausgehend von der bekannten Auffassung, wonach der Mensch sich in Wechselwirkungen mit der Welt bildet, entwickelt der Beitrag die These, dass die planetarische Bildung eine Entgrenzung der Verantwortungsethik des traditionellen Bildungsdenkens erfordert. Im Anthropozän muss der überkommene Anthropozentrismus des Bildungsbegriffes überwunden werden, um Bildung als einen Prozess der Wechselwirkung von Mensch und Welt zu verstehen, in dem nicht nur der Mensch, sondern auch die Welt gebildet wird.
Characterizing magnetohydrodynamic effects on developed nanofluid flow in an obstructed vertical duct under constant pressure gradient
Authors: Hussain Syed M. , Ali Kashif , Ahmad Sohail , Qureshi Muhammad Amer , Abd-Elmonem Assmaa , Jamshed Wasim , Alraddadi Ibrahim 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This research endeavors to conduct an examination of the thermal characteristics within the duct filled with the copper nanoparticles and water as base fluid. In exhaust systems, like car exhausts, chimneys, and kitchen hoods, duct flows are crucial. These systems safely discharge odors, smoke, and contaminants into the atmosphere after removing them from enclosed places. The study focuses on a laminar flow regime that is both hydrodynamically and thermally developed, with a specified constraints at any cross-sectional plane. To address this, we employ the finite volume method as it stands as a judicious choice, offering a balance between computational efficiency and solution accuracy. Notably, we have observed that the deceleration of flow induced by elevated Rayleigh numbers can be effectively regulated by the application of an appropriately calibrated external magnetic field. The prime parameters of the problem with ranges are: pressure gradient

(

1
≤

p

0

≤
100

)

(1\le {p}_{0}\le 100)

, Hartmann number

(

0
≤
Ha
≤
50

)

(0\le \text{Ha}\le 50)

, Rayleigh number

(

1
,
000
≤
Ra
≤
40
,
000

)

(1,000\le \text{Ra}\le 40,000)

, and magnetic parameter

(

0
≤
M
≤
50

)

(0\le M\le 50)

. Furthermore, our analysis reveals that the Nusselt number exhibits a nearly linear correlation with the nanoparticle volume fraction parameter, a trend observed across a range of Rayleigh numbers and magnetic parameter values. We have noted that a mere 20% nanoparticle volume fraction can result in up to 62% rise in the Nusselt number while causing an almost 50% decrease in the factor f
Re. This research framework serves as a robust foundation for understanding the intricate interplay between magnetic influences and thermal-hydraulic behavior within the delineated system.
Comparative studies on physicochemical properties of cadmium and neodymium soaps in solid-state
Authors: Singh Suchi , Poonia Kavita , Shukla Rajeev K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The physicochemical properties of cadmium and neodymium soaps (caprylate) have been studied by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analyses in the solid state. The infrared analysis indicates that the fatty acid is present in a dimeric form due to interactions facilitated by hydrogen bonding. Additionally, it suggests that the soaps have properties of a partially ionic nature. The X-ray diffraction data were used to determine the long spacing, confirming the double-layered configuration of the cadmium and neodymium soaps. It was observed that the decomposition reaction proceeds with zero order kinetics, indicating a constant reaction rate regardless of changes in concentration. Furthermore, the activation energy for this process was determined to be 0.401 kJ mol−1 and 0.226 kJ mol−1, respectively A comparative evaluation of the different analytical methods is provided, highlighting the distinct advantages of each method, at the same time delineating the limitations identified through careful study of reference materials and their practical application in sample analysis contexts.
From bench to babies – drug development for male subfertility
Authors: Chuen Khaw Shen , Martins da Silva Sarah 
Published: September 2024

Infertility is estimated to affect more than 50 million couples around the world, with the male factor accounting for half of these cases, yet there is a notable absence of effective treatment options for men, other than in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This review considers unlicensed and empirical treatments used for male subfertility, including hormonal therapy, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, and antioxidants. Compounds generally demonstrate variable improvements in sperm function, but benefits for fertility are less clear. There is a pressing need for effective treatment options for subfertile men; however, our knowledge of sperm function is limited, restricting the identification of precise treatment targets. The traditional drug discovery pathway is also notorious for its extensive resource and time requirements, often extending over decades and demanding significant financial investment. Unfortunately, a substantial number of potential therapies fail before reaching the marketplace. Furthermore, reliance on mammalian models is not possible in the drug development process for male subfertility, due to significant variability between animals and man. We review recent breakthroughs and highlight novel methods aimed at improving the effectiveness and efficiency of drug discovery for male subfertility. High-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, and the repurposing of established medications have great potential. These strategies offer the promise of accelerating the pace of drug development, curbing the extensive demand for resources, and, in the case of drug repurposing, diminishing the demand for comprehensive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies. As these innovative approaches are adopted, the feasibility of addressing male subfertility through scientific advancements appears to be increasingly attainable.

Lay summary
Globally, millions of men suffer from infertility, but with very few exceptions, there is no effective treatment or cure other than complex fertility treatments such as in vitro fertilisation. This review article considers various approaches to treat men, or sperm, which have been largely unsuccessful to date. A significant issue is that we lack a detailed understanding of how sperm work and why treatments do not work. Another issue is that drug discovery is slow and costly because many potential treatments fail early on. However, we discuss recent technical and technological advancements that offer hope, such as high-throughput and phenotypic screening, which allow for the rapid testing of thousands of chemicals to observe their effects on sperm, and combinatorial chemistry, which involves generating large numbers of compounds to find those with beneficial properties. Finding relevant new uses for prescription drugs could also significantly speed up the drug discovery process and result in much-needed new treatments for male infertility.
Factores asociados a la adherencia a protocolos de bioseguridad en estudiantes de odontología de la Universidad Santo Tomás
Authors: Castellanos Domínguez Yeny Zulay , Cárdenas Gutiérrez Angélica María , Jiménez Velásquez Angie Katherine , Peña Mesa María Fernanda , Reyes Sarmiento María Alejandra 
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Identificar factores asociados a la adherencia a protocolos de bioseguridad en estudiantes de odontología de la Universidad Santo Tomás. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio analítico de corte transversal realizado en estudiantes de odontología, quienes respondieron un cuestionario validado con preguntas tipo Likert, sobre adherencia a protocolos de bioseguridad, aplicado en línea a través de Google forms. Los datos cualitativos se presentaron con frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes; los datos cuantitativos se resumieron con medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión, conforme al comportamiento de la normalidad. El puntaje del cuestionario se tomó como variable dependiente y se evaluó frente a variables sociodemográficas con la prueba de Kruskal Wallis. Valores p< 0,05 fueron de significancia estadística. El estudio contó con el aval de comité de investigación y concepto ético favorable. La información se procesó en el programa Stata 14.2. Resultados: Un total de 135 estudiantes participaron en el estudio, con predominio de mujeres (71,9%) y edad promedio 22,3 años. El 77% de estudiantes presentaron adherencia a protocolos de bioseguridad alta-moderada. La edad mayor a 23 años y el sexo femenino se comportaron como factores asociados a mejor adherencia. Conclusiones: Se encontró adecuada adherencia a los protocolos de bioseguridad de las clínicas odontológicas, donde la edad y el sexo se constituyen en factores determinantes a la adherencia por parte de los estudiantes.
Rokok elektrik dan tuberkulosis paru: sebuah tinjauan pustaka
Authors: Krisdanti I Desak Putu Agung , Ghosali Adelia 
Published: September 2024

Background: Currently, the use of e-cigarettes has become a concern for the scientific community to research the health effects of e-cigarettes, other unknown components of e-cigarettes, the lack of international policy regarding quality control of e-cigarette production, and the impact on non-smokers. e-cigarette users, or people who already smoke and become dual users (tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes). This literature review attempts to discuss the relationship between e-cigarettes and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis based on theoretical studies.
Methods: This literature review involves relevant literature on e-cigarettes and pulmonary tuberculosis. Different data sources or manual literature search methods were used to search for articles related to the literature topic.
Results: Nicotine in e-cigarettes can cause airway inflammation and increase the risk of susceptibility to bacterial infections, one of which is MTB infection. According to several studies, e-cigarette e-vapor interferes with the phagocytic function of THP-1 macrophages against MTB and is a promoter of pro-inflammatory responses. Cigarette smoke also affects phagocytic function and reduces effector cytokine responses (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8).
Conclusion: E-cigarette smoke can affect phagocytic function and reduce effector cytokine responses (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8), thereby increasing the risk of susceptibility to tuberculosis bacterial infection.

Latar Belakang: Dewasa ini penggunaan rokok elektrik telah menjadi perhatian oleh komunitas ilmiah untuk meneliti efek kesehatan dari rokok elektrik, komponen rokok elektrik lainnya yang belum diketahui pasti, rendahnya kebijakan internasional terkait kontrol kualitas dari produksi rokok elektrik, dan dampak pada orang yang bukan perokok menjadi pengguna rokok elektrik, atau pada orang yang sudah merokok menjadi dual-users (rokok tembakau dan rokok elektrik). Tinjauan pustaka ini mencoba membahas hubungan rokok elektrik dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru berdasarkan kajian teoritis.
Metode: Tinjauan pustaka ini melibatkan literatur yang relevan tentang rokok elektrik dan tuberculosis paru. Sumber data yang berbeda atau metode pencarian literatur manual digunakan untuk mencari artikel yang berkaitan dengan topik literatur.
Hasil: Nikotin pada rokok elektrik dapat menyebabkan inflamasi saluran napas dan meningkatkan risiko kerentanan terhadap infeksi bakteri, salah satunya infeksi MTB. Menurut beberapa penelitian, e-vapor rokok elektrik mengganggu fungsi fagositik makrofag THP-1 terhadap MTB dan sebagai promotor respon proinflamasi. Asap rokok juga mempengaruhi fungsi fagositik dan mengurangi respons sitokin efektor (TNF-α, IL-1β, dan IL-8).
Simpulan: Asap rokok elektrik dapat mempengaruhi fungsi fagositik dan mengurangi respons sitokin efektor (TNF-α, IL-1β, dan IL-8) sehingga meningkatkan risiko kerentanan terhadap infeksi bakteri tuberkulosis.