bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leisure-time Physical Activity of Polish White-collar Workers: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Nawrocka Agnieszka , Mynarski Arkadiusz , Cholewa Jarosław , Garbaciak Wiesław 
Published: April 2017

Objective/Background The aim of this study was to assess the leisure-time physical activity of Polish white-collar workers in relation to various health recommendations. Methods The study used a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of 482 white-collar workers from Poland. Researchers recorded the leisure-time physical activity logs for 7 consecutive days of the week. Physical activity level was interpreted in relation to the World Health Organization and the American College of Sports Medicine recommendations. Results Among the workers, 42% of women and 53% of men declared moderate physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week, but only 23% of women and 18% men undertook activity in at least 5 days. Conclusion The results of the physical activity identified were significantly different from the American College of Sports Medicine and World Health Organization recommendations. The lower percentage of workers who met American College of Sports Medicine recommendations was caused by insufficient frequency of physical efforts.
Prenatal stress and depression associated neuronal development in neonates
Authors: Fatima Mahino , Srivastav Saurabh , Mondal Amal Chandra 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPrenatal maternal depression has its direct effects on early brain development deficits with permanent changes in neuroendocrine functions and impaired behavior in offsprings. Prenatal stress (PS) transmits its affect on developing fetus and on pregnancy outcomes in adult offsprings. This results in impaired neurodevelopment, delayed cognitive and motor development with impaired behavior towards stressful conditions. There are sufficient evidences in animal models suggesting depression responsive hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis and its hormonal response via cortisol, responsible for its critical effects in both the mother and offspring. We review the evidences how maternal psychological distress has widespread effect on fetal/birth outcomes via major physiological alteration in HPA axis, autonomic nervous system, neurotransmitters and signaling pathways. Knowledge void in the area of epigenetic processes like DNA methylation, histone acetylation and regulation of microRNA during prenatally stressed fetal neurodevelopment has to be filled up with properly defined controls. This aims the need to reexamine available literatures and to explore more directional approaches for prevention of PS as well as future treatment for the well being of the mother and fetus during critical physiological changes.
Intraoperative iodinated contrast swallow with CT-scan delayed control for detection of early complications in laparoscopic gastric bypass: A case series of 260 cases
Authors: Consalvo Vincenzo , Salsano Vincenzo , Sarno Gerardo 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic Roux en Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB) is a technically challenging operation with potentially severe surgical complications. A large number of tests have been proposed in order to early identify them in the immediate post-operative period but none was completely satisfactory. Actually, there is no data concerning the use of an early diagnostic protocol based on an intraoperative contrast swallow and a CT- scan at 48 h.

Methods and analysis
From may 2012 to February 2017, 281 patients underwent LRYGB. A 40 cc of iodinated water-soluble contrast (Gastrografin® or Telebrix®) was administered through the orogastric tube 5 min after the blue methylene test while 48 h later, they underwent a CT-scan. The early detection of the contrast liquid in the alimentary or bilio-pancreatic limb, in proximity of it or free in the abdomen were considered signs of bowel obstruction or anastomotic leak.

Results
220 were test negative while 35 patients were positive and a second look was carried out successfully. Considering our data, sensitivity was 0,97 (CI 95% = 91,85–100%) while specificity stated at 0,98 (CI 95% = 96,48–99,95%). The positive predictive value was 0,89 (CI 95% = 80,22–99,27%) and the negative predictive value was 0,99 (CI 95% = 98,66–100%).

Conclusions
This study gives a contribute to the existing issue of fast track in bariatric surgery for the early diagnosis of complications and patients’ readmission or non-discharge. In conclusion, the use of intraoperative iodinated water soluble contrast swallow and abdominal CT-scan at 48 h was a safe and accurate test in order to detect and treat any potential early surgical complication in LRYGB.

Highlights
Effects of Aversive Classical Conditioning on Sexual Response in Women with Dyspareunia and Sexually Functional Controls
Authors: Both Stephanie , Brauer Marieke , Weijenborg Philomeen , Laan Ellen 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Introduction
In dyspareunia—a somatically unexplained vulvovaginal pain associated with sexual intercourse—learned pain-related fear and inhibited sexual arousal are supposed to play a pivotal role. Based on research findings indicating that enhanced pain conditioning is involved in the etiology and maintenance of chronic pain, in the present study it was hypothesized that enhanced pain conditioning also might be involved in dyspareunia.

Aim
To test whether learned associations between pain and sex negatively affect sexual response; whether women with dyspareunia show stronger aversive learning; and whether psychological distress, pain-related anxiety, vigilance, catastrophizing, and sexual excitation and inhibition were associated with conditioning effects.

Methods
Women with dyspareunia (n = 36) and healthy controls (n = 35) completed a differential conditioning experiment, with one erotic picture (the CS+) paired with a painful unconditional stimulus and one erotic picture never paired with pain (the CS−).

Main Outcome Measures
Genital sexual response was measured by vaginal photoplethysmography, and ratings of affective value and sexual arousal in response to the CS+ and CS− were obtained. Psychological distress, pain cognitions, and sexual excitation and inhibition were assessed by validated questionnaires.

Results
The two groups showed stronger negative affect and weaker subjective sexual arousal to the CS+ during the extinction phase, but, contrary to expectations, women with dyspareunia showed weaker differential responding. Controls showed more prominent lower genital response to the CS+ during acquisition than women with dyspareunia. In addition, women with dyspareunia showed stronger expectancy for the unconditional stimulus in response to the safe CS−. Higher levels of pain-related fear, pain catastrophizing, and sexual inhibition were associated with weaker differential conditioning effects.

Conclusions
Pairing of sex with pain negatively affects sexual response. The results indicate that a learned association of sex with pain and possibly deficient safety learning play a role in dyspareunia.
Correlations of dietary energy and protein intakes with renal function impairment in chronic kidney disease patients with or without diabetes
Authors: Chen Mei‐En , Hwang Shang‐Jyh , Chen Hung‐Chun , Hung Chi‐Chih , Hung Hsin‐Chia , Liu Shao‐Chun , Wu Tsai‐Jiin , Huang Meng‐Chuan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDietary energy and protein intake can affect progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD complicated with diabetes is often associated with a decline in renal function. We investigated the relative importance of dietary energy intake (DEI) and dietary protein intake (DPI) to renal function indicators in nondiabetic and diabetic CKD patients. A total of 539 Stage 3–5 CKD patients [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation] with or without diabetes were recruited from outpatient clinics of Nephrology and Nutrition in a medical center in Taiwan. Appropriateness of DEI and DPI was used to subcategorize CKD patients into four groups:(1) kidney diet (KD) A (KD‐A), the most appropriate diet, was characterized by low DPI and adequate DEI; (2) KD‐B, low DPI and inadequate DEI; (3) KD‐C, excess DPI and adequate DEI; and (4) KD‐D, the least appropriate diet, excess DPI and inadequate DEI. Inadequate DEI was defined as a ratio of actual intake/recommended intake less than 90% and adequate DEI as over 90%. Low DPI was defined as less than 110% of recommended intake and excessive when over 110%. Outcome measured was eGFR. In both groups of CKD patients, DEI was significantly lower (p < 0.001) and DPI higher (p = 0.002) than recommended levels. However, only in the nondiabetic CKD patients were KD‐C and KD‐D significantly correlated with reduced eGFR compared with KD‐A at increments of −5.63 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.029) and −7.72 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.015). In conclusion, inadequate energy and excessive protein intakes appear to correlate with poorer renal function in nondiabetic CKD patients. Patients with advanced CKD are in need of counseling by dietitians to improve adherence to diets.
Development of a simulation platform of all-electric aircraft on-board systems for energy management studies
Authors: Schettini F. , Denti E. , Di Rito G. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the development of a simulation platform for the dynamic analysis of systems characterised by different physical domains. The research has been carried out in the context of the EC-funded Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (Green Regional Aircraft/All-Electric Aircraft domain). In particular, the objective of the research is focused on the on-board systems of new All-Electric Aircraft, where a crucial design point is related to the electrical energy management. In the “all-electric” concept, where pneumatic and hydraulic power systems are eliminated to improve aviation costs and environmental impact, the dynamics of electrical power absorptions is to be characterised and managed to avoid excessive peaks with respect to generators capabilities. The paper describes the architecture of a Matlab/Simulink simulation platform developed in order to design and validate of the electrical energy management logics, which lead up to 32% reduction of the maximum power request for the case study considered. Thanks to an approach based on a mixing of co-simulation and S-function compiling, the platform integrates models coming from different environments (AMESim, Dymola/Modelica), and developed by various partners/specialists.
State-Mediated Globalization Processes and the Adoption of Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting in China
Authors: Marquis Christopher , Yin Juelin , Yang Dongning 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTDespite the prevalence of global diffusion, little is known about the processes by which international practices are adopted and adapted within organizations around the world. Through our qualitative research on the introduction of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting at two leading Chinese companies, we identify a unique set of political mechanisms that we labelstate-mediated globalization, whereby powerful nation-state actors influence the ways in which corporations adopt and adapt global norms and practices. We find that businesses’ needs for political legitimacy from a key stakeholder, in this case the government, leads them to deviate systematically from the global practice in bothformandcontent. These intentional practice adaptations are then legitimized by the government to createinternationalization toolsandlocalized standardsto aid adoption by other organizations. Our findings illustrate previously unidentified mechanisms by which powerful stakeholders such as the Chinese government may mediate, and thereby direct, the ways in which corporations adopt and adapt global CSR practices. Contributions to understanding the political processes of institutional translation in the context of globalization are discussed.
Efficacy of meaning-centered group psychotherapy for cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: van der Spek N. , Vos J. , van Uden-Kraan C. F. , Breitbart W. , Cuijpers P. , Holtmaat K. , Witte B. I. , Tollenaar R. A. E. M. , Verdonck-de Leeuw I. M. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of meaning-centered group psychotherapy for cancer survivors (MCGP-CS) to improve personal meaning, compared with supportive group psychotherapy (SGP) and care as usual (CAU).MethodA total of 170 cancer survivors were randomly assigned to one of the three study arms: MCGP-CS (n = 57); SGP (n = 56); CAU (n = 57). The primary outcome measure was the Personal Meaning Profile (PMP; total score). Secondary outcome measures were subscales of the PMP, psychological well-being (Scales of Psychological Well-being; SPWB), post-traumatic growth (Posttraumatic Growth Inventory), Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC), optimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised), hopelessness (Beck's Hopelessness Scale), psychological distress (anxiety and depression, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS) and quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire; EORTC QLQ-C30). Outcome measures were assessed before randomization, post-intervention, and after 3 and 6 months of follow-up (FU).ResultsLinear mixed model analyses (intention-to-treat) showed significant differences between MCGP-CS, SGP and CAU on the total PMP score, and on (sub)scales of the PMP, SPWB, MAC and HADS. Post-hoc analyses showed significantly stronger treatment effects of MCGP-CS compared with CAU on personal meaning (d = 0.81), goal-orientedness (d = 1.07), positive relations (d = 0.59), purpose in life (d = 0.69); fighting spirit (d = 0.61) (post-intervention) and helpless/hopeless (d = −0.87) (3 months FU); and distress (d = −0.6) and depression (d = −0.38) (6 months FU). Significantly stronger effects of MCGP-CS compared with SGP were found on personal growth (d = 0.57) (3 months FU) and environmental mastery (d = 0.66) (6 months FU).ConclusionsMCGP-CS is an effective intervention for cancer survivors to improve personal meaning, psychological well-being and mental adjustment to cancer in the short term, and to reduce psychological distress in the long run.
Modulation of error monitoring in obsessive–compulsive disorder by individually tailored symptom provocation
Authors: Roh D. , Chang J.-G. , Yoo S. W. , Shin J. , Kim C.-H. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe enhanced error monitoring in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), typically measured with the error-related negativity (ERN), has been found to be temporally stable and independent of symptom expression. Here, we examined whether the error monitoring in patients with OCD could be experimentally modulated by individually tailored symptom provocation.MethodTwenty patients with OCD and 20 healthy controls performed a flanker task in which OCD-relevant or neutral pictures were presented prior to a flanker stimulus. An individualized stimulus set consisting of the most provoking images in terms of OCD symptoms was selected for each patient with OCD. Response-locked event-related potentials were recorded and used to examine the error-related brain activity.ResultsPatients with OCD showed larger ERN amplitudes than did control subjects in both the OCD-symptom provocation and neutral conditions. Additionally, while patients with OCD exhibited a significant increase in the ERN under the OCD-symptom provocation condition when compared with the neutral condition, control subjects showed no variation in the ERN between the conditions.ConclusionsOur results strengthen earlier findings of hyperactive error monitoring in OCD, as indexed by higher ERN amplitudes in patients with OCD than in controls. Importantly, we showed that the patients’ overactive error-signals were experimentally enhanced by individually tailored OCD-symptom triggers, thus suggesting convincing evidence between OCD-symptoms and ERN. Such findings imply that therapeutic interventions should target affective regulation in order to alleviate the perceived threatening value of OCD triggers.
Depression and physical health multimorbidity: primary data and country-wide meta-analysis of population data from 190 593 people across 43 low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Stubbs B. , Vancampfort D. , Veronese N. , Kahl K. G. , Mitchell A. J. , Lin P.-Y. , Tseng P.-T. , Mugisha J. , Solmi M. , Carvalho A. F. , Koyanagi A. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundDespite the known heightened risk and burden of various somatic diseases in people with depression, very little is known about physical health multimorbidity (i.e. two or more physical health co-morbidities) in individuals with depression. This study explored physical health multimorbidity in people with clinical depression, subsyndromal depression and brief depressive episode across 43 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodCross-sectional, community-based data on 190 593 individuals from 43 LMICs recruited via the World Health Survey were analysed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to assess the association between depression and physical multimorbidity.ResultsOverall, two, three and four or more physical health conditions were present in 7.4, 2.4 and 0.9% of non-depressive individuals compared with 17.7, 9.1 and 4.9% among people with any depressive episode, respectively. Compared with those with no depression, subsyndromal depression, brief depressive episode and depressive episode were significantly associated with 2.62, 2.14 and 3.44 times higher odds for multimorbidity, respectively. A significant positive association between multimorbidity and any depression was observed across 42 of the 43 countries, with particularly high odds ratios (ORs) in China (OR 8.84), Laos (OR 5.08), Ethiopia (OR 4.99), the Philippines (OR 4.81) and Malaysia (OR 4.58). The pooled OR for multimorbidity and depression estimated by meta-analysis across 43 countries was 3.26 (95% confident interval 2.98–3.57).ConclusionsOur large multinational study demonstrates that physical health multimorbidity is increased across the depression spectrum. Public health interventions are required to address this global health problem.
Using self-report surveys at the beginning of service to develop multi-outcome risk models for new soldiers in the U.S. Army
Authors: Rosellini A. J. , Stein M. B. , Benedek D. M. , Bliese P. D. , Chiu W. T. , Hwang I. , Monahan J. , Nock M. K. , Petukhova M. V. , Sampson N. A. , Street A. E. , Zaslavsky A. M. , Ursano R. J. , Kessler R.C. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe U.S. Army uses universal preventives interventions for several negative outcomes (e.g. suicide, violence, sexual assault) with especially high risks in the early years of service. More intensive interventions exist, but would be cost-effective only if targeted at high-risk soldiers. We report results of efforts to develop models for such targeting from self-report surveys administered at the beginning of Army service.Methods21 832 new soldiers completed a self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) in 2011–2012 and consented to link administrative data to SAQ responses. Penalized regression models were developed for 12 administratively-recorded outcomes occurring by December 2013: suicide attempt, mental hospitalization, positive drug test, traumatic brain injury (TBI), other severe injury, several types of violence perpetration and victimization, demotion, and attrition.ResultsThe best-performing models were for TBI (AUC = 0.80), major physical violence perpetration (AUC = 0.78), sexual assault perpetration (AUC = 0.78), and suicide attempt (AUC = 0.74). Although predicted risk scores were significantly correlated across outcomes, prediction was not improved by including risk scores for other outcomes in models. Of particular note: 40.5% of suicide attempts occurred among the 10% of new soldiers with highest predicted risk, 57.2% of male sexual assault perpetrations among the 15% with highest predicted risk, and 35.5% of female sexual assault victimizations among the 10% with highest predicted risk.ConclusionsData collected at the beginning of service in self-report surveys could be used to develop risk models that define small proportions of new soldiers accounting for high proportions of negative outcomes over the first few years of service.
Reward learning deficits in Parkinson's disease depend on depression
Authors: Timmer M. H. M. , Sescousse G. , van der Schaaf M. E. , Esselink R. A. J. , Cools R. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundDepression is one of the most common and debilitating non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying depression in PD are unclear and treatment is often suboptimal.MethodsWe investigated the role of striatal dopamine in reversal learning from reward and punishment by combining a controlled medication withdrawal procedure with functional magnetic resonance imaging in 22 non-depressed PD patients and 19 PD patients with past or present depression.ResultsPD patients with a depression (history) exhibited impaired reward v. punishment reversal learning as well as reduced reward v. punishment-related BOLD signal in the striatum (putamen) compared with non-depressed PD patients. No effects of dopaminergic medication were observed.ConclusionsThe present findings demonstrate that impairments in reversal learning from reward v. punishment and associated striatal signalling depend on the presence of (a history of) depression in PD.
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii treatment improves hepatic health and reduces adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat fed mice
Authors: Munukka Eveliina , Rintala Anniina , Toivonen Raine , Nylund Matts , Yang Baoru , Takanen Anna , Hänninen Arno , Vuopio Jaana , Huovinen Pentti , Jalkanen Sirpa , Pekkala Satu 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is considered as one of the most important bacterial indicators of a healthy gut. We studied the effects of oral F. prausnitzii treatment on high-fat fed mice. Compared to the high-fat control mice, F. prausnitzii-treated mice had lower hepatic fat content, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and increased fatty acid oxidation and adiponectin signaling in liver. Hepatic lipidomic analyses revealed decreases in several species of triacylglycerols, phospholipids and cholesteryl esters. Adiponectin expression was increased in the visceral adipose tissue, and the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were more insulin sensitive and less inflamed in F. prausnitzii-treated mice. Further, F. prausnitzii treatment increased muscle mass that may be linked to enhanced mitochondrial respiration, modified gut microbiota composition and improved intestinal integrity. Our findings show that F. prausnitzii treatment improves hepatic health, and decreases adipose tissue inflammation in mice and warrant the need for further studies to discover its therapeutic potential.