bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Petrological evidence for stepwise accretion of metamorphic soles during subduction infancy (Semail ophiolite, Oman and UAE)
Authors: Soret Mathieu , Agard Philippe , Dubacq Benoît , Plunder Alexis , Yamato Philippe 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMetamorphic soles are tectonic slices welded beneath most large‐scale ophiolites. These slivers of oceanic crust metamorphosed up to granulite facies conditions are interpreted as forming during the first million years of intraoceanic subduction following heat transfer from the incipient mantle wedge towards the top of the subducting plate. This study reappraises the formation of metamorphic soles through detailed field and petrological work on three key sections from the Semail ophiolite (Oman and United Arab Emirates). Based on thermobarometry and thermodynamic modelling, it is shown that metamorphic soles do not record a continuous temperature gradient, as expected from simple heating by the upper plate or by shear heating as proposed in previous studies. The upper, high‐T metamorphic sole is subdivided in at least two units, testifying to the stepwise formation, detachment and accretion of successive slices from the down‐going slab to the mylonitic base of the ophiolite. Estimated peak pressure–temperature conditions through the metamorphic sole, from top to bottom, are 850°C and 1 GPa, 725°C and 0.8 GPa and 530°C and 0.5 GPa. These estimates appear constant within each unit but differing between units by 100–200°C and ~0.2 GPa. Despite being separated by hundreds of kilometres below the Semail ophiolite and having contrasting locations with respect to the ridge axis position, metamorphic soles show no evidence for significant petrological variations along strike. These constraints allow us to refine the tectonic–petrological model for the genesis of metamorphic soles, formed via the stepwise stacking of several homogeneous slivers of oceanic crust and its sedimentary cover. Metamorphic soles result not so much from downward heat transfer (ironing effect) as from progressive metamorphism during strain localization and cooling of the plate interface. The successive thrusts originate from rheological contrasts between the sole, initially the top of the subducting slab, and the peridotite above as the plate interface progressively cools. These findings have implications for the thickness, the scale and the coupling state at the plate interface during the early history of subduction/obduction systems.
The prevalence and specific characteristics of hospitalised pressure ulcer patients: A multicentre cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhou Qing , Yu Ting , Liu Yuan , Shi Ruifen , Tian Suping , Yang Chaoxia , Gan Huaxiu , Zhu Yanying , Liang Xia , Wang Ling , Wu Zhenhua , Huang Jinping , Hu Ailing 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo ascertain the pressure ulcer prevalence in secondary and tertiary general hospitals in different areas of Guangdong Province in China and explore the possible risk factors that are related to pressure ulcers.BackgroundFew multicentre studies have been conducted on pressure ulcer prevalence in Chinese hospitals.DesignA cross‐sectional study design was used.MethodsData from a total of 25,264 patients were included in the analysis at 25 hospitals in China. The investigators were divided into two groups. The investigators in group 1 examined the patients' skin. When a pressure ulcer was found, a pressure ulcer assessment form was completed. The investigators in group 2 provided guidance to the nurses, who assessed all patients and completed another questionnaire. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the relationship between the possible risk factors and pressure ulcer.ResultsThe overall prevalence rate of pressure ulcers in the 25 hospitals ranged from 0%–3.49%, with a mean of 1.26%. The most common stage of the pressure ulcers was stageII(41.4%); most common anatomical locations were sacrum (39.5%) and the feet (16.4%). Braden score (p < .001), expected length of stay (p < .001), incontinence (p < .001), care group (p = .011), hospital location (p < .001), type of hospitals (p = .004), ages of patients (p < .001) were associations of pressure ulcers from the multivariate logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsThe overall prevalence rate of pressure ulcers in Chinese hospitals was lower than that reported in previous investigations. Specific characteristics of pressure ulcer patients were as follows: low Braden score, longer expected length of stay, double incontinence, anICUand a medical ward, hospital location in the Pearl River Delta, a university hospital and an older patient.Relevance to clinical practiceThe survey could make managers know their prevalence level of pressure ulcers and provide priorities for clinical nurses.
Final report of the Committee on Gynecologic Oncology, the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, on a fact‐finding questionnaire on the status of treatment of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome in Japan
Authors: Satoh Toyomi , Takamatsu Kiyoshi , Takeshima Nobuhiro , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Aoki Daisuke , Suzuki Nao 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) is a hereditary tumor that can be definitively diagnosed by detection of germline mutation of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene. The HBOC Public Awareness and Management Sub‐committee of the Tumor Committee, Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology carried out a fact‐finding survey on the status of treatment of HBOC in Japan. The directors of medical specialty teaching facilities were notified of the questionnaire by post, with the request for one respondent per facility. The response period was from 8 July 2014 to 31 March 2015. Of the 678 facilities that were asked to compete the questionnaire, 341 (50.3%) responded. The responses are shown in the respective tables. For questions with free responses, similar answers have been grouped together, and the written answers have been freely translated. Based on these results, the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology considers that the 14 conditions, including consultations by specialist staff, must be met before risk‐reducing salpingo‐oophorectomy is carried out.
Relationship between user satisfaction with the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system and bleeding patterns
Authors: Carvalho Nelsilene M. , Chou Victoria , Modesto Waleska , Margatho Deborah , Garcia Elaine A.L. , Bahamondes Luis 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimSatisfaction with a contraceptive method constitutes an important factor in its acceptance and long‐term use. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between user satisfaction with the 20‐μg/day levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system (LNG‐IUS) and the bleeding patterns reported at two different time‐points during follow‐up.MethodsA total of 251 LNG‐IUS users aged 18–45 years were invited to answer a questionnaire on their return to the clinic for a routine follow‐up visit and again 1 year later. Data were collected face‐to‐face.ResultsTwenty women discontinued prematurely; therefore, the analysis was performed on 231 women. Most users were either highly satisfied (66.6% and 66.2% at the first and second interviews, respectively) or satisfied (26.4% and 26.4% at the first and second interviews, respectively) with the LNG‐IUS. Satisfaction was related to amenorrhea (P < 0.001) and duration of use (P < 0.001). Prolonged bleeding and spotting were the main causes of dissatisfaction with the device.ConclusionMost LNG‐IUS users in this sample were satisfied with the device. The only two factors associated with satisfaction were amenorrhea and duration of use, while prolonged bleeding and spotting were the main causes of dissatisfaction. These findings could be useful for health‐care professionals and policy‐makers when developing information material for women. The study provides insight into the profile of satisfied LNG‐IUS users; however, this information is not suitable for counseling women who are considering using an LNG‐IUS.
Nomenclature of primary amenorrhea: A proposal document of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology committee for the redefinition of primary amenorrhea
Authors: Shozu Makio , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Horikawa Reiko , Sakakibara Hideya , Izumi Shun‐ichiro , Ohba Takashi , Hirota Yasushi , Ogata Tsutomu , Osuga Yutaka , Kugu Koji 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to provide medical terms to describe the condition of a girl who should be evaluated for primary amenorrhea in order to facilitate intervention at an appropriate time.MethodsWe performed a literature and clinical guidelines search for recent practices with regard to menarche and discussed relevant cases that had been experienced by committee members. Additionally, we theoretically reviewed medical terms defined in the Glossary Book of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Japan (Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3rd edition).ResultsThe committee for the redefinition of primary amenorrhea proposed the introduction of two terms and the deletion of one term that had been defined by the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, instead of changing the age definition of primary amenorrhea. ‘Delayed menarche’ was introduced to describe a condition in which a girl has never experienced cyclic menstruation (menarche) by 15–17 years of age. ‘Late menarche’ was also introduced to describe a condition in which a girl has experienced menarche at 15 years of age or older. ‘Delayed menstruation,’ which was defined as a condition in which a girl experiences menarche at 15–18 years of age, was deleted.ConclusionThe new terms ‘delayed menarche’ and ‘late menarche’ were introduced, and the term ‘delayed menstruation’ was deleted. The new system might help in the early detection and appropriate treatment of primary amenorrhea.
Amniotic fluid embolism mortality rate
Authors: Benson Michael D. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to determine the mortality rate of amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) using population‐based studies and case series.MethodsA literature search was conducted using the two key words: ‘amniotic fluid embolism (AFE)’ AND ‘mortality rate’. Thirteen population‐based studies were evaluated, as well as 36 case series including at least two patients.ResultsThe mortality rate from population‐based studies varied from 11% to 44%. When nine population‐based studies with over 17 000 000 live births were aggregated, the maternal mortality rate was 20.4%. In contrast, the mortality rate of AFE in case series varies from 0% to 100% with numerous rates in between.ConclusionThe AFE mortality rate in population‐based studies varied from 11% to 44% with the best available evidence supporting an overall mortality rate of 20.4%. Data from case series should no longer be used as a basis for describing the lethality of AFE.
Sperm donation perinatal outcomes in an Australian population cohort
Authors: Adams Damian , Fernandez Renae , Moore Vivienne , Willson Kristyn , Rumbold Alice , de Lacey Sheryl , Scheil Wendy , Davies Michael 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimTo compare perinatal outcomes for neonates conceived with donated sperm with those for neonates conceived spontaneously in an Australian population cohort.MethodsPerinatal outcomes for all births in South Australia for the period January 1986–December 2002 were linked with assisted reproductive treatment records to determine those conceived from donated sperm. Birth outcome measures were analyzed using Student's t‐test and logistic regression using generalized estimating equations to determine statistical significance.ResultsDonor sperm neonates were not significantly different from their spontaneously conceived counterparts in terms of mean birthweight, low birthweight, preterm delivery, small for gestational age, or large for gestational age. They were, however, significantly more likely to be born at lower mean gestational age (P = 0.012), and to have preterm delivery with low birthweight (P = 0.008), when controlling for maternal age, parity, ethnicity, socioeconomic quartile and baby's sex. These associations were not apparent when singletons and twins were considered separately.ConclusionThere was some evidence of compromised perinatal outcomes for donor sperm neonates compared with their spontaneously conceived counterparts, which appeared to be partly attributable to multiplicity.
Do Emotions after Receiving Test Results Predict Review Activities? An Intra‐Individual Analysis
Authors: Suzuki Masayuki , Akasaka Kosuke 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn the present study, we examined intra‐individual relations among emotions when receiving test results and subsequent test review activities, and the direct and moderating effects of perceptions of test value. The participants, 90 first‐year students at a private girls' secondary school, self‐reported their present emotional state immediately after receiving their test results and their test review activities 1 week after the tests were returned. The same survey was conducted on four occasions. Results of multilevel analyses indicated that emotions experienced when receiving test results did not predict subsequent learning behavior. The results also showed that relations among emotions and review activities differed across students. Although we investigated whether such individual differences in relations might be attributed to perceptions of test value, no moderating effect could be observed. Furthermore, improvement‐oriented test mindsets were found to be positive predictors of review activities by investigating the direct effect of perceptions of test value. These findings suggest that modifying students' perceptions of test value may promote appropriate learning behavior.
Hepatitis C virus‐related complications are increasing in women veterans: A national cohort study
Authors: Kramer J. R. , El‐Serag H. B. , Taylor T. J. , White D. L. , Asch S. M. , Frayne S. M. , Cao Y. , Smith D. L. , Kanwal F. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThere are gender‐specific variations in the epidemiology and clinical course of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, few long‐term longitudinal studies have examined trends in the incidence and prevalence of serious liver complications among women compared with men with HCV infection.We used the Veterans Administration Corporate Data Warehouse to identify all veterans with positive HCV viraemia from January 2000 to December 2013. We calculated gender‐specific annual incidence and prevalence rates of cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer (HCC) adjusting for age, diabetes, HIV and alcohol use. We also calculated the average annual per cent change (AAPC) for each outcome by gender using piecewise linear regression in the Joinpoint software.We identified 264 409 HCV‐infected veterans during 2000‐2013, of whom 7162 (2.7%) were women. There were statistically significant increases over time in the incidence rates of cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis and HCC for both men and women. The annual‐adjusted incidence rates of cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis and HCC were higher in men than women for all study years. However, these complications increased at a similar rate in both groups. Specifically, the AAPC for cirrhosis was 13.1 and 15.2, while it was 15.6 and 16.9 for decompensated cirrhosis and 21.0 and 25.3 for HCC in men and women, respectively (all test of parallelism not significant). The results were similar in the prevalence analyses, although AAPCs were slightly smaller for each outcome.In conclusion, we found an ongoing upward trend in the incidence and prevalence of HCV complications in this cohort of HCV‐infected women. This increase in cirrhosis complications in women with active HCV infection is similar to those in men. With cure from HCV now becoming a reality, most of the projected burden of HCV is potentially preventable. However, benefits of HCV treatment will need to extend to all patients in order to stem the rising tide of HCV complications.
Late Pleistocene origin of the entire circumarctic range of the arctic‐alpine plant Kalmia procumbens
Authors: Ikeda Hajime , Eidesen Pernille Bronken , Yakubov Valentin , Barkalov Vyacheslav , Brochmann Christian , Setoguchi Hiroaki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe circumarctic ranges of arctic‐alpine plants are thought to have been established in the late Pliocene/early Pleistocene, when the modern arctic tundra was formed in response to climate cooling. Previous findings of range‐wide genetic structure in arctic‐alpine plants have been thought to support this hypothesis, but few studies have explicitly addressed the temporal framework of the genetic structure. Here, we estimated the demographic history of the genetic structure in the circumarctic Kalmia procumbens using sequences of multiple nuclear loci and examined whether its genetic structure reflects prolonged isolation throughout the Pleistocene. Both Bayesian clustering and phylogenetic analyses revealed genetic distinction between alpine and arctic regions, whereas detailed groupings were somewhat discordant between the analyses. By assuming a population grouping based on the phylogenetic analyses, which likely reflects a deeper intraspecific divergence, we conducted model‐based analyses and demonstrated that the intraspecific genetic divergence in K. procumbens likely originated during the last glacial period. Thus, there is no need to postulate range separation throughout the Pleistocene to explain the current genetic structure in this species. This study demonstrates that range‐wide genetic structure in arctic‐alpine plants does not necessarily result from the late Pliocene/early Pleistocene origin of their circumarctic ranges and emphasizes the importance of a temporal framework of the current genetic structure for understanding the biogeographic history of the arctic flora.
Molecular evidence for trans‐stadial transmission ofAnaplasma platysbyRhipicephalus sanguineus sensu latounder field conditions
Authors: AKTAS M. , OZUBEK S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study investigated the transmission ofAnaplasma platysbyRhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Ixodida: Ixodidae). Engorged nymphs (n= 404) removed fromA. platys‐infected dogs were incubated at 28 °C until moulting. Unfed adults were obtained and divided into 48 pools. Unfed ticks collected from the grounds of the dog shelter, comprising 1800 larvae (n= 18 pools), 3100 nymphs (n= 62 pools) and 85 adults (n= 10 pools, including three male and seven female pools) were sorted into 90 pools. All pools were screened by polymerase chain reaction for the 16S rRNAgene ofA. platys. Of 48 pools of unfed adults obtained from engorged nymphs, 12 were positive forA. platys; the infection rate maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) was 3.36 [95% confidence interval (CI)1.84–5.68].Anaplasma platyswas detected in five of 23 male pools (MLE2.82, 95%CI1.06–6.20) and seven of 25 female pools (MLE3.83, 95%CI1.72–7.57). Of seven pools of unfed adult females collected from the shelter grounds, one was positive forA. platys(MLE1.74, 95%CI0.11–8.22). Among 62 unfed nymph pools, eight were infected withA. platys(MLE0.27, 95%CI0.13–0.52). NoA. platysDNAwas detected in the larva pools. The present results reveal molecular evidence for the trans‐stadial transmission ofA. platysbyR. sanguineus s.l.
Cultural adaptation and validation of the Caring Behaviors Assessment tool in Chile
Authors: Ayala Ricardo A. , Calvo María Julia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study reports the process of cultural adaptation of the Caring Behaviors Assessment tool for the Spanish language, and determine its validity and reliability. We used a mixed‐methods approach with a sample of adult participants after translation and adjustment, correlations and multiple regressions were used to explain differences in perception. Internal consistency and reliability were determined by using Cronbach's alpha. While slight modifications to syntax, language, and the interval scale were necessary to enable better comprehension, all items had high average scores as did the seven subscales. Additionally, similarities with previous literature suggest cultural suitability of the instrument across countries. This version of the tool was judged to be valid and reliable, and will facilitate care measurability and theoretical sensitivity in Spanish‐speaking countries.
Growth responses to elevated temperatures and the importance of ontogenetic niche shifts in Bromeliaceae
Authors: Müller Lilian‐Lee B. , Albach Dirk C. , Zotz Gerhard 
Published: August 2017

Summary

Epiphytic bromeliads represent a major component of Neotropical forests, but the potential effect of climate change on these plants is unclear. We investigated whether and how bromeliads are affected by the predicted 3°C temperature rise by the end of the century.

We conducted growth experiments with 17 epiphytic bromeliad species at different temperatures to determine their fundamental thermal niches. By comparing those with niches for germination, we tested whether ontogenetic niche shift or niche contraction occurs in Bromeliaceae. Applying a classical growth analysis, we assessed the relative importance of the underlying growth components on interspecific variations in growth.

Members of two bromeliad subfamilies differed in their response to elevated temperatures: Tillandsioideae may be negatively affected, whereas Bromelioideae moved closer to their thermal optimum. Across different ontogenetic stages, thermal niche characteristics revealed both niche shift and niche contraction. Interspecific variation in growth was driven almost exclusively by net assimilation rate at all temperatures.

We conclude that the vulnerability of tropical plants to a future increase in temperature may be more variable than suggested by previous studies. We emphasize the importance of assessing niche breadth over multiple life stages and the need for better microclimatic data to link laboratory data with field conditions.
Altered regulation of TERMINAL FLOWER 1 causes the unique vernalisation response in an arctic woodland strawberry accession
Authors: Koskela Elli A. , Kurokura Takeshi , Toivainen Tuomas , Sønsteby Anita , Heide Ola M. , Sargent Daniel J. , Isobe Sachiko , Jaakola Laura , Hilmarsson Hrannar , Elomaa Paula , Hytönen Timo 
Published: August 2017

Summary

Vernalisation requirement is an agriculturally important trait that postpones the development of cold‐sensitive floral organs until the spring. The family Rosaceae includes many agriculturally important fruit and berry crops that suffer from crop losses caused by frost injury to overwintering flower buds. Recently, a vernalisation‐requiring accession of the Rosaceae model woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) has been identified in northern Norway. Understanding the molecular basis of the vernalisation requirement in this accession would advance the development of strawberry cultivars better adapted to temperate climate.

We use gene silencing, gene expression analysis, genetic mapping and population genomics to study the genetic basis of the vernalisation requirement in woodland strawberry.

Our results indicate that the woodland strawberry vernalisation requirement is endemic to northern Norwegian population, and mapping data suggest the orthologue of TERMINAL FLOWER1 (FvTFL1) as the causal floral repressor. We demonstrate that exceptionally low temperatures are needed to downregulate FvTFL1 and to make these plants competent to induce flowering at low postvernalisation temperatures in the spring.

We show that altered regulation of FvTFL1 in the northern Norwegian woodland strawberry accession postpones flower induction until the spring, allowing plants to avoid winter injuries of flower buds that commonly occur in temperate regions.