bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Links Between Creative Performance and Post-Formal Thought
Authors: Kaya Asli Nazife , Cikis Seniz 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The aim of this study is to reveal relations between creativity in design and the cognitive developmental stages of designers within a Post-Piagetian approach. In this study design processes were deeply inspected with the aim of obtaining more comprehensive information about the effects of individual’s cognitive status on the design processes, problemsolving and quality of idea generation . In this field, studies done so far have been conducted on test results as indicators of creativity. Withinthe present study, however, protocol analyses were also evaluated, in addition to test results, and thanks to this addition, it was possible to determine the qualitative and quantitative effects of cognitive developmental stages on creativity. A total of twenty-five students voluntarily participated in the research. To collect data, two different methods were employed. The Social Paradigm Belief Inventory (SPBI), was employed to determine students' cognitive stages and scores, and the Think-aloud protocol was used to elicit verbal reports of the thought sequences of the students. In order to analyse the verbal reports reflecting designers' cognitive activities, the method of Linkography was conducted and the general statistics of segments were measured. To assess the relations between creativity in design and the cognitive developmental stages of the designers, SPBI scores and the general statistical values obtained from the design sessions were correlated. Findings showed that there is a strong and significant correlation between the cognitive development levels and creativity, in favour of dialectical thinking.
A new synthetic route to benzophenone derivatives
Authors: Abu-Melha Sraa 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The rearrangement reaction of 1-alkyl-2-(benzoylmethyl)pyridinium iodides 3a–d, 6 in the presence of various nucleophiles leads to 2-alkylaminobenzophenone derivatives 4a–c. Best results were achieved with alkylammonium sulfites as recyclization reagents.
An efficient approach to the synthesis of coumarin-fused dihydropyridinones
Authors: Firoozpour Loghman , Nikookar Hamideh , Moghimi Setareh , Mahdavi Mohammad , Asadipour Ali , Ranjbar Parviz Rashidi , Foroumadi Alireza 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
3,4-Dihydro-2H-chromeno[4,3-b]pyridine-2,5(1H)-dione derivatives were efficiently prepared by the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin, ammonia, aromatic aldehyde and Meldrum’s acid in refluxing 1-propanol.
Chemical and pharmacological research on the plants from genus Ajuga
Authors: Qing Xia , Yan Hui-Min , Ni Zhi-Yu , Vavricka Christopher J. , Zhang Man-Li , Shi Qing-Wen , Gu Yu-Cheng , Kiyota Hiromasa 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The genus Ajuga, a member of the Lamiaceae family, is comprised of more than 300 species of annual and perennial herbaceous flowering plants mainly distributed throughout the temperate regions of Asia, Europe, Australia, North America and Africa. These plants are used as folk medicines effective for rheumatic fevers, dysentery, malaria, hypertension, diabetes and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as anthelmintic, astringent, febrifuge diuretic, antifungal and anti-inflammatory agents. A variety of constituents has been isolated from these plants. This review summarizes the phytochemical progress of the genus Ajuga and lists the compounds isolated up to 2014.
Effect of Multidirectional Forging and Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of In Situ ZrB2p/6061Al Composites
Authors: Zeng Yida , Chao Yuhjin , Luo Zhen , Cai Yangchuan , Song Renfeng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAluminum matrix composites that were reinforced by in situ zirconium diboride nanoparticles were fabricated from an aluminum-potassium tetrafluoroborate-potassium hexafluorozirconate system via a direct-melt reaction. The morphologies of the in situ particles and the mechanical properties of the composite were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, optical microscopy and tensile tests. X-ray diffractometry and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the existence of zirconium diboride in the composite. Multidirectional forging and heat treatment were used to determine the effect of plastic deformation and heat treatment for the highest tensile strength applied to the composite. Multidirectional forging and heat treatment have a positive influence on the composite microstructure and tensile strength, which increase by 21.81 % and 13.43 %, respectively. The mechanism of multidirectional forging and heat treatment that affects the composite mechanical properties has been discussed. The heat-treatment parameters that affect the tensile strength include the solution-treatment temperature, aging temperature and aging time. The highest tensile strength with moderate extensibility loss was achieved for a specimen that was solution treated for 4 h at 793 K and with aging at 423 K for 4 h.
Influence of Heat Treatment on Fracture Toughness and Wear Resistance of Nicral-Zro2 Multilayered Thermal Barrier Coating
Authors: Ye Zibo , Wang Guanghong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe chemical composition and fracture toughness of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) before and after heat treatment were characterized, and the cracks around the interface between the coating and the substrate could be successfully eliminated and meanwhile the porosity of the coatings tended to reduce. The XRD analysis revealed the coatings were composed of non-transformable tetragonal t’ phase of ZrO2 and $\gamma $-(Ni, Cr) with minor Ni3Al ($\gamma ^' $) precipitates. Additionally, the relationship between the heat treatment and wear resistance was systematically studied. The results indicated that both the hardness and fracture toughness increased after quenching process. The oxidation wear became more prominent after heat treatment, which probably resulted from the better bonding strength of coatings. Dense and homogeneous microstructure introduced by vacuum oil-quenching improved stabilization of the weight gain during thermal cycle test.
Study on the Practical Stability of First-Order Difference Power Market Model with Variable Coefficient
Authors: Lu Zhanhui , Wang Chengyong , Yang Yuhua , Li Gengyin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the dynamic equilibrium of power market is analyzed by using the economics principle. In the assumption that the market demand is the nonlinear function with variable coefficients of the price forecast, and the market supply is the nonlinear function with variable coefficients of the spot price, first-order difference power market model with variable coefficient is established. The coefficients of power market model are made by the original time series, such as electricity price and demand, and supply elasticity. Besides, the paper also discusses the practical stability and instability of the power market model by means of Lyapunov function and difference inequality, getting a series of criteria for judging the practical stability and instability of the power market and estimation formula of the ultimate convergence boundary. Finally, the validity of these models and Lyapunov stability conditions are simulated by using the data of California.
Microencapsulation of Bioactive Compounds from Blackberry Pomace (Rubus fruticosus) by Spray Drying Technique
Authors: Santos Suelen Siqueira dos , Rodrigues Letícia Misturini , da Costa Silvio Cláudio , Bergamasco Rita de Cassia , Madrona Grasiele Scaramal 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Blackberry is highly appreciated for the enjoyable color and flavor. About 20 % of the pomace is generated in its processing and often unused, presenting potential use by the food industry. Thus, the present study aimed to microencapsulate extracts of the blackberry pomace applying spray dryer process. Pure extracts (aqueous and hydroalcoholic solution) and the encapsulating agent (maltodextrin DE 10), in a ratio of 1:1 (w/w), were spray dried and analyzed for total anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, phenolics, HPLC-DAD chromatography, instrumental color and scanning electron microscopy. Hydroalcoholic extraction was more efficient (1.5 times) for anthocyanins encapsulation than aqueous extraction. However, for phenolic compounds the highest efficiency (1.2 times) was in the aqueous solution. The majority bioactive compounds were gallic acid and cyanidin. Considering that water is a low cost and ecofriendly solvent, it is indicated this type of extraction to obtain microcapsules of blackberry pomace mainly for future applications by food industry.
Effects of pomegranate peel extract on histopathology, testosterone levels and sperm of testicular torsion–detorsion induced in adult Wistar rats
Authors: Beigi Boroujeni Mandana , Shahrokhi Said Saied , Birjandi Mahdi , Abbaszadeh Abolfazl , Beyranvand Fatemeh , Hamoleh Sakineh , Zandbaf Zohreh , Gholami Mohammadreza 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background
In the present study, effects of pomegranate peel extract have been evaluated on decreasing the damage induced by testis torsion.

Methods
In this study, 30 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of control, experimental (1) and experimental (2). Control: no ischemia, received vehicle alone, exposed to sham operation. Experimental (1): Received the vehicle alone during ischemia followed by 60 days’ reperfusion. Experimental (2): After performing ischemia reperfusion, 500 mg/kg of pomegranate peel extract has been used for 60 days. Blood samples and sperm samples were collected. Testes were harvested and stained with haematoxylin and eosin to study the structure of seminiferous tubules.

Results
The statistical comparison between sperm count and their viability and testosterone hormone amount showed a significant difference between control and experimental (1) groups and control and experimental (2) groups. The results showed an improvement of morphological condition of seminiferous tubules.

Conclusions
Pomegranate peel extract has revealed desirable changes on the effective parameters in infertility.
A Fast Internal Wave Detection Method Based on PCANet for Ocean Monitoring
Authors: Wang Shengke , Dong Qinghong , Duan Lianghua , Sun Yujuan , Jian Muwei , Li Jianzhong , Dong Junyu 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Research on internal waves in the coastal ocean is one of the most important tasks both in physical oceanography and ocean monitoring network. Currently, how to quickly and accurately detect the ocean internal waves from the huge ocean surface is still a challenging issue. In this paper, we model the ocean internal wave detection as a task of region classification for texture images and then propose a rapid internal waves detection method based on a deep learning framework (PCANet). In the proposed method, two models have been trained: one is the deep feature representation model, which combines principal component analysis (PCA), binary hashing, and block-wise histograms and can extract more distinguishing features than handcraft feature. Moreover, because the filter learning in PCANet does not require regularized parameters and numerical optimization solver, the training process of the representation model is very fast. The other one is a classification model based on a linear support vector machine. The object proposal method has been applied to get the possible candidates when analyzing a captured image, which dramatically decreases the searching time. Experiment results on the data set captured by unmanned aerial vehicles verify the speed ability and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Optical Buffer Design based on SOA and DCFBG
Authors: Kifayat Numan , Kaleem Mohammad , Aziz Khurram , Ishaq Muhammad 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Presently, research activities are geared towards optical switching technologies that involve all-optical switching, without transformation from optical domain to electronic domain. However, blocking in these systems is a huge problem due to the absence of appropriate optical buffers. In this paper, we propose an optical buffer design based on SOA and DCFBG (dispersion compensation fiber Bragg grating) for contention resolution in all-optically switched networks, and hence improved the power performance of the existing design.
10 Gbps-60 GHz RoF Transmission System for 5 G Applications
Authors: Chaudhary Sushank , Thakur Deepika , Sharma Abhishek 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This work is focused on transmission of 10 Gbps data and 60 GHz millimeter signal over 60 km optical fiber for 5 G applications. 5 G networks generally use millimeter range of frequencies. Radio over fiber is revolutionary technology to transmit radio signals over optical fiber. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of non-return to zero (NRZ) and return to zero (RZ) encoding schemes is also done. The results are reported in terms of Q-factor, bit error rate and eye diagrams. The reported results show the successful transmission of high speed 10 Gbps data and 60 GHz millimeter signal over 60 km optical fiber.
Effect of Crosstalk in Super Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing System using Hybrid Optical Amplifier
Authors: Kumar Chakresh , Goyal Rakesh 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Analysis of proposed 400×10 Gbps super dense wavelength division multiplexing (SD-WDM) system has been evaluated in term of crosstalk and optical signal to crosstalk ratio (OSCR). Amplification is carried out using RAMAN-EDFA hybrid optical amplifier (HOA) for the transmission of 300 km. The pump power of 550 mW at 1520 nm and 580 mW at 1530 nm are set to RAMAN and EDFA optical amplifier respectively. Further, the power level of 0 dBm with channel spacing of 100 GHz has shown the remarkable outcome of controlling the fiber nonlinearity to maintain the best rating optical communication for long haul distance.
Kinematic diffusion approach to describe recharge phenomena in unsaturated fractured chalk
Authors: Pastore Nicola , Cherubini Claudia , Giasi Concetta I. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
When dealing with groundwater resources, a better knowledge of the hydrological processes governing flow in the unsaturated zone would improve the assessment of the natural aquifer recharge and its vulnerability to contamination. In North West Europe groundwater from unconfined chalk aquifers constitutes a major water resource, therefore the need for a good hydrological understanding of the chalk unsaturated zone is essential, as it is the main control for aquifer recharge. In the North Paris Basin, much of the recharge must pass through a regional chalk bed that is composed of a porous matrix with embedded fractures. The case study regards the role of the thick unsaturated zone of the Cretaceous chalk aquifer in Picardy (North of France) that controls the hydraulic response to rainfall. In order to describe the flow rate that reaches the water table, the kinematic diffusion theory has been applied that treats the unsaturated water flow equation as a wave equation composed of diffusive and gravitational components. The kinematic diffusion model has proved to be a convenient method to study groundwater recharge processes in that it was able to provide a satisfactory fitting both for rising and falling periods of water table fluctuation. It has also proved to give an answer to the question whether unsaturated flow can be described using the theory of kinematic waves. The answer to the question depends principally on the status of soil moisture. For higher values of hydraulic Peclet number (increasing saturation), the pressure wave velocities dominate and the preferential flow paths is provided by the shallow fractures in the vadose zone. With decreasing values of hydraulic Peclet number (increasing water tension), rapid wave velocities are mostly due to the diffusion of the flow wave. Diffusive phenomena are provided by matrix and fracture-matrix interaction.
The use of a kinematic wave in this context constitutes a good simplified approach especially in cases when there is a lack of information concerning the hydraulic properties of the fractures/macropores close to saturation.
Boundedness of vector-valued B-singular integral operators in Lebesgue spaces
Authors: Keles Seyda , Omarova Mehriban N. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We study the vector-valued B-singular integral operators associated with the Laplace-Bessel differential operator
$$\triangle_{B}=\sum\limits_{k=1}^{n-1}\frac{\partial^{2}}{\partial x_{k}^{2}}+(\frac{\partial^{2}}{\partial x_{n}^{2}}+\frac{2v}{x_{n}}\frac{\partial}{\partial x_{n}}) , v>0.$$
We prove the boundedness of vector-valued B-singular integral operators A from $L_{p,v}(\mathbb{R}_{+}^{n}, H_{1}) \,{\rm to}\, L_{p,v}(\mathbb{R}_{+}^{n}, H_{2}),$ 1 < p < ∞, where H1 and H2 are separable Hilbert spaces.
On the Golomb’s conjecture and Lehmer’s numbers
Authors: Tingting Wang , Xiaonan Wang 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Let p be an odd prime. For each integer a with 1 ≤ a ≤ p − 1, it is clear that there exists one and only one ā with 1 ≤ ā ≤ p − 1 such that a · ā ≡ 1 mod p. Let N(p) denote the set of all primitive roots a mod p with 1 ≤ a ≤ p − 1 in which a and ā are of opposite parity. The main purpose of this paper is using the analytic method and the estimate for the hybrid exponential sums to study the solvability of the congruence a + b ≡ 1 mod p with a, b ∈ N(p), and give a sharper asymptotic formula for the number of the solutions of the congruence equation.
Saturated evanescent-wave absorption of few-layer graphene-covered side-polished single-mode fiber for all-optical switching
Authors: Peng Kaung-Jay , Wu Chun-Lung , Lin Yung-Hsiang , Wang Hwai-Yung , Cheng Chih-Hsien , Chi Yu-Chieh , Lin Gong-Ru 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Using the evanescent-wave saturation effect of hydrogen-free low-temperature synthesized few-layer graphene covered on the cladding region of a side-polished single-mode fiber, a blue pump/infrared probe-based all-optical switch is demonstrated with specific wavelength-dependent probe modulation efficiency. Under the illumination of a blue laser diode at 405 nm, the few-layer graphene exhibits cross-gain modulation at different wavelengths covering the C- and L-bands. At a probe power of 0.5 mW, the L-band switching throughput power variant of 16 μW results in a probe modulation depth of 3.2%. Blue shifting the probe wavelength from 1580 to 1520 nm further enlarges the switching throughput power variant to 24 mW and enhances the probe modulation depth to 5%. Enlarging the probe power from 0.5 to 1 mW further enlarges the switching throughput power variant from 25 to 58 μW to promote its probe modulation depth of up to 5.8% at 1520 nm. In contrast, the probe modulation depth degrades from 5.1% to 1.2% as the pumping power reduces from 85 to 24 mW, which is attributed to the saturable absorption of the few-layer graphene-based evanescent-wave absorber. The modulation depth at wavelength of 1550 nm under a probe power of 1 mW increases from 1.2% to 5.1%, as more carriers can be excited when increasing the blue laser power from 24 to 85 mW, whereas it decreases from 5.1% to 3.3% by increasing the input probe power from 1 to 2 mW to show an easier saturated condition at longer wavelength.
From isolated light-harvesting complexes to the thylakoid membrane: a single-molecule perspective
Authors: Gruber J. Michael , Malý Pavel , Krüger Tjaart P.J. , Grondelle Rienk van 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The conversion of solar radiation to chemical energy in plants and green algae takes place in the thylakoid membrane. This amphiphilic environment hosts a complex arrangement of light-harvesting pigment-protein complexes that absorb light and transfer the excitation energy to photochemically active reaction centers. This efficient light-harvesting capacity is moreover tightly regulated by a photoprotective mechanism called non-photochemical quenching to avoid the stress-induced destruction of the catalytic reaction center. In this review we provide an overview of single-molecule fluorescence measurements on plant light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) of varying sizes with the aim of bridging the gap between the smallest isolated complexes, which have been well-characterized, and the native photosystem. The smallest complexes contain only a small number (10–20) of interacting chlorophylls, while the native photosystem contains dozens of protein subunits and many hundreds of connected pigments. We discuss the functional significance of conformational dynamics, the lipid environment, and the structural arrangement of this fascinating nano-machinery. The described experimental results can be utilized to build mathematical-physical models in a bottom-up approach, which can then be tested on larger in vivo systems. The results also clearly showcase the general property of biological systems to utilize the same system properties for different purposes. In this case it is the regulated conformational flexibility that allows LHCs to switch between efficient light-harvesting and a photoprotective function.
High-efficiency/CRI/color stability warm white organic light-emitting diodes by incorporating ultrathin phosphorescence layers in a blue fluorescence layer
Authors: Miao Yanqin , Wang Kexiang , Zhao Bo , Gao Long , Tao Peng , Liu Xuguang , Hao Yuying , Wang Hua , Xu Bingshe , Zhu Furong 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
By incorporating ultrathin (<0.1 nm) green, yellow, and red phosphorescence layers with different sequence arrangements in a blue fluorescence layer, four unique and simplified fluorescence/phosphorescence (F/P) hybrid, white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) were obtained. All four devices realize good warm white light emission, with high color rending index (CRI) of >80, low correlated color temperature of <3600 K, and high color stability at a wide voltage range of 5 V–9 V. These hybrid WOLEDs also reveal high forward-viewing external quantum efficiencies (EQE) of 17.82%–19.34%, which are close to the theoretical value of 20%, indicating an almost complete exciton harvesting. In addition, the electroluminescence spectra of the hybrid WOLEDs can be easily improved by only changing the incorporating sequence of the ultrathin phosphorescence layers without device efficiency loss. For example, the hybrid WOLED with an incorporation sequence of ultrathin red/yellow/green phosphorescence layers exhibits an ultra-high CRI of 96 and a high EQE of 19.34%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first WOLED with good tradeoff among device efficiency, CRI, and color stability. The introduction of ultrathin (<0.1 nm) phosphorescence layers can also greatly reduce the consumption of phosphorescent emitters as well as simplify device structures and fabrication process, thus leading to low cost. Such a finding is very meaningful for the potential commercialization of hybrid WOLEDs.