bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic Structure and Electron Acceleration in Shock–Shock Interaction
Authors: Nakanotani Masaru , Matsukiyo Shuichi , Hada Tohru , Mazelle Christian X. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A shock–shock interaction is investigated by using a one-dimensional full particle-in-cell simulation. The simulation reproduces the collision of two symmetrical high Mach number quasi-perpendicular shocks. The basic structure of the shocks and ion dynamics is similar to that obtained by previous hybrid simulations. The new aspects obtained here are as follows. Electrons are already strongly accelerated before the two shocks collide through multiple reflection. The reflected electrons self-generate waves upstream between the two shocks before they collide. The waves far upstream are generated through the right-hand resonant instability with the anomalous Doppler effect. The waves generated near the shock are due to firehose instability and have much larger amplitudes than those due to the resonant instability. The high-energy electrons are efficiently scattered by the waves so that some of them gain large pitch angles. Those electrons can be easily reflected at the shock of the other side. The accelerated electrons form a power-law energy spectrum. Due to the accelerated electrons, the pressure of upstream electrons increases with time. This appears to cause the deceleration of the approaching shock speed. The accelerated electrons having sufficiently large Larmor radii are further accelerated through the similar mechanism working for ions when the two shocks are colliding.
Back to the East of Suez? Les Britanniques dans l’océan Indien
Authors: Samaan Jean-Loup 
Published: September 2017

En décembre 2016, le gouvernement britannique annonçait son retour « à l’est de Suez ». Or, au-delà de l’effet d’annonce, la capacité de Londres à jouer un rôle géopolitique dans la région reste limitée. Londres ne cache pas la priorité qu’elle accorde aux échanges commerciaux, en particulier avec la Chine, au détriment éventuel de l’Inde. Son soft power , en particulier dans le domaine de la formation, lui permet cependant de préserver sa présence hors des jeux de puissance locaux.
Optimal Error Estimates for a Fully Discrete Euler Scheme for Decoupled Forward Backward Stochastic Differential Equations
Authors: Gong Bo , Zhao Weidong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn error estimates of various numerical approaches for solving decoupled forward backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs), the rate of convergence for one variable is usually less than for the other. Under slightly strengthened smoothness assumptions, we show that the fully discrete Euler scheme admits a first-order rate of convergence for both variables.
Humpback whales of the Persian Gulf
Authors: Dakhteh Seyed Mohammad Hashem , Ranjbar Sharif , Moazeni Mostafa , Mohsenian Nazanin , Delshab Hossein , Moshiri Hamed , Nabavi Seyed Mohammad B. , Van Waerebeek Koen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe humpback whale has long been considered a rare straggler into the Persian Gulf, however new evidence contradicts this concept. We here critically review published and new records forMegaptera novaeangliaeoccurrence in the Gulf for the period 1883-2017. Of eight authenticated records (6 specimens, 2 live-sightings), seven are contemporary cases while one is a mid-Holocene specimen from UAE. An additional four are possible but unsubstantiated reports. Four regional, current, range states are confirmed, i.e. Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and Qatar. Four of the five newly reported cases are from Iran’s coastal waters. We conclude that the Persian Gulf is part of the habitual range of the Arabian Sea humpback whale population, and has been since at least the mid-Holocene. It is unknown whether frequent passage occurs through the Strait of Hormuz or whether whales are (semi)resident. The low abundance of this endangered population and frequent deleterious anthropogenic events, particularly ship strikes and net entanglements, are cause for major concern. In view of its historical and taxonomic relevance, the formal description ofMegaptera indicaGervais, 1883, from Iraq, now thought to be a subspeciesM. novaeangliae indica, is here translated from French.
Interleukin-1β and -6 release from immune cells by DOPA-based melanin as free pigment or complexed to carboxymethylcellulose
Authors: Vercruysse Koen P. , Farris Tonie S. , Whalen Margaret M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe have observed that many polysaccharides can promote the oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) into melanin-like pigments leading to the formation of water-soluble polysaccharide/melanin complexes. These pigments were characterized by size exclusion chromatography and FT-IR spectroscopy. The effect on the secretion of interleukin (IL)-lβ and IL-6 from immune cells by DOPA-based melanin synthesized in the presence or absence of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) was evaluated. We observed that the melanin/CMC complex had a more potent effect on both IL secretions compared to the melanin prepared from DOPA in the absence of any polysaccharide. The study of the effect of melanins on the IL secretion by immune or other cells will help illuminate the potential contributions of this broad class of pigments to pathological conditions like Parkinson’s disease or ochronosis.
Career transition consultants’ perceived roles
Authors: Hennequin Emilie , Condomines Bérangère , Wielhorski Nouchka 
Published: September 2017

PurposeEmployment transitions are an integral part of an individual’s career path. However, not every individual can cope with these changes. Some may not know how to mobilise their capacities in order to return to work. Consequently, various countries have devised policies aimed at supporting the unemployed, in programmes that are led by consultants. The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of career transition consultants who work for a private consulting firm. It examines how consultants perceive their role and how these perceptions influence the support they provide to beneficiaries.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 20 French career transition consultants took part in the interviews. Qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews.FindingsIdeal types of career consultants were drawn up, based on the distinction between the agent model and the community model. Depending on their perceived role, consultants set up different career transition strategies and develop different capacities among their beneficiaries.Research limitations/implicationsConsultants advocate for flexible support for people seeking employment. This research aims to question the policy of distributing beneficiaries among consultants’ portfolios. In France, the approach is made without considering the beneficiary’s profile. A better approach would be to find common ground between the consultant’s profile and the beneficiary’s expectations (e.g. help with business start-up, a career plan, or psychological support). Further, the differentiation of profiles and practices opens up other research opportunities (in corporate coaching, tutoring, and vocational guidance).Practical implicationsFrom a managerial point of view, this research questions the policy of distribution of the beneficiaries in consultants’ portfolios. Indeed, in France, the approach is madea priori(without exact knowledge of the beneficiary’s profile). Yet, it seems that the approach would be more effective if consulting firms looked for common ground between the consultant’s profile and the beneficiary’s specific expectation (e.g. help with a new business start-up, the creation of a career plan, or a specific need for psychological support).Originality/valueThis research investigates a little known and important fact in career transition management: the heterogeneous nature of consultancy service and the capacities consultants highlight as being helpful to beneficiaries in career transition.
A novel NR2E3 gene mutation in autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa with cystic maculopathy
Authors: Mahajan D. , Votruba M. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeWith the context of the Ophthalmic Genetic Clinics, this presentation aims to explore the level of understanding of photoreceptor degeneration, the leading cause of inherited blindness, which presents with extreme genetic heterogeneity, making the molecular diagnosis a challenge. The promising future for inherited retinal dystrophies with the advent of clinical trials has been described, emphasizing the increasing need to identify the causative gene.MethodsCase: This patient was seen as a part of an EVER foundation fellowship (School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, UK) in the Ophthalmic Genetics Clinics. A 44‐year‐old male patient was diagnosed with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa with cystic maculopathy and a novel compound heterozygous mutation, c.119‐2A>C and c.571+2T>C in the NR2E3 gene was discovered. The patient was treated with oral carbonic an hydrase inhibitors, which lead to the partial resolution of foveal cysts with a marked improvement in visual acuity.ResultsNR2E3 mutations lead to a defective development or abnormal maintenance of rod photoreceptors, which manifests as macular schisis. Although, the splice site mutation 119‐2A>C in NR2E3 (15q23) has been previously reported, the mutation c 571 + 2 T > C in NR2E3 is novel and has not been previously reported with retinal disease.ConclusionsMolecular identification helps to diagnose the RP subtype, improve patient follow up and helps to predict the course of the disease. The importance of identifying the genes and understanding the pathogenesis of retinal dystrophies has been highlighted with this case, in order to facilitate the development of new therapeutic interventions, hoping for a future where we can combat inherited blindness.
The smallest ideological and political battlefield: depicting borders on postage stamps – the case of Israel
Authors: Limor Yehiel , Mekelberg David 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThere are few dozen areas in dispute around the world, where the borders have not been agreed by the involved parties or by the international community. The dispute over the Israeli border is particularly complex as it not only presents disagreement between the opposing sides in play but also in the international arena and within the Israeli political system and society. This paper examines one way in which the State of Israel is trying to define its borders through postage stamps. The argument raised is that Israel issues stamps that deal with disputed territorial areas in accordance with the ideology of the ruling party of a certain period, as well as the respective social consensus surrounding a particular area. Our findings support this argument and find three meta‐messages incorporated into the stamps, including the historical connection between the State of Israel and the land of Israel, unified Jerusalem, and the Christian connection to Jerusalem.
Qualitative meta-synthesis of barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation of community pharmacy services: perspectives of patients, nurses and general medical practitioners
Authors: Hossain Lutfun N , Fernandez-Llimos Fernando , Luckett Tim , Moullin Joanna C , Durks Desire , Franco-Trigo Lucia , Benrimoj Shalom I , Sabater-Hernández Daniel 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesThe integration of community pharmacy services (CPSs) into primary care practice can be enhanced by assessing (and further addressing) the elements that enable (ie, facilitators) or hinder (ie, barriers) the implementation of such CPSs. These elements have been widely researched from the perspective of pharmacists but not from the perspectives of other stakeholders who can interact with and influence the implementation of CPSs. The aim of this study was to synthesise the literature on patients’, general practitioners’ (GPs) and nurses’ perspectives of CPSs to identify barriers and facilitators to their implementation in Australia.MethodsA meta-synthesis of qualitative studies was performed. A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus and Informit was conducted to identify studies that explored patients’, GPs’ or nurses’ views about CPSs in Australia. Thematic synthesis was performed to identify elements influencing CPS implementation, which were further classified using an ecological approach.ResultsTwenty-nine articles were included in the review, addressing 63 elements influencing CPS implementation. Elements were identified as a barrier, facilitator or both and were related to four ecological levels: individual patient (n=14), interpersonal (n=24), organisational (n=16) and community and healthcare system (n=9). It was found that patients, nurses and GPs identified elements reported in previous pharmacist-informed studies, such as pharmacist’s training/education or financial remuneration, but also new elements, such as patients’ capability to follow service's procedures, the relationships between GP and pharmacy professional bodies or the availability of multidisciplinary training/education.ConclusionsPatients, GPs and nurses can describe a large number of elements influencing CPS implementation. These elements can be combined with previous findings in pharmacists-informed studies to produce a comprehensive framework to assess barriers and facilitators to CPS implementation. This framework can be used by pharmacy service planners and policy makers to improve the analysis of the contexts in which CPSs are implemented.
Changes in mortality inequalities across occupations in Japan: a national register based study of absolute and relative measures, 1980-2010
Authors: Tanaka Hirokazu , Toyokawa Satoshi , Tamiya Nanako , Takahashi Hideto , Noguchi Haruko , Kobayashi Yasuki 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveChanges in mortality inequalities across socioeconomic groups have been a substantial public health concern worldwide. We investigated changes in absolute/relative mortality inequalities across occupations, and the contribution of different diseases to inequalities in tandem with the restructuring of the Japanese economy.MethodsUsing complete Japanese national death registries from 5 year intervals (1980–2010), all cause and cause specific age standardised mortality rates (ASMR per 100 000 people standardised using the Japanese standard population in 1985, aged 30–59 years) across 12 occupations were computed. Absolute and relative inequalities were measured in ASMR differences (RDs) and ASMR ratios (RRs) among occupations in comparison with manufacturing workers (reference). We also estimated the changing contribution of different diseases by calculating the differences in ASMR change between 1995 and 2010 for occupations and reference.ResultsAll cause ASMRs tended to decrease in both sexes over the three decades except for male managers (increased by 71% points, 1995–2010). RDs across occupations were reduced for both sexes (civil servants 233.5 to −1.9 for men; sales workers 63.3 to 4.5 for women) but RRs increased for some occupations (professional workers 1.38 to 1.70; service workers 2.35 to 3.73) for men and decreased for women from 1980 to 2010. Male relative inequalities widened among farmer, fishery and service workers, because the percentage declines were smaller in these occupations. Cerebrovascular disease and cancer were the main causes of the decrease in mortality inequalities among sexes but the incidence of suicide increased among men, thereby increasing sex related inequalities.ConclusionsAbsolute inequality trends in mortality across occupations decreased in both sexes, while relative inequality trends were heterogeneous in Japan. The main drivers of narrowing and widening mortality inequalities were cerebrovascular disease and suicide, respectively. Future public health efforts will benefit from eliminating residual inequalities in mortality by considering the contribution of the causes of death and socioeconomic status stratification.
Evaluating the vocational thoughts of university students about the departments they are studying
Authors: Karakuş Özlem 
Published: September 2017

The aim of this study is to reveal the vocational thoughts of university students about departments they are studying. The sample of the study consists of 1040 students; 608 (60,6%) of them are female, and 396 (39,4%) of them are male students who are studying in the different faculties of the Selçuk University (Health Sciences, Law, Veterinary, Collage of Science, Faculty of Letters, Communication, Agriculture, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Engineering),and they selectedby random sampling method. The average of age of the students is varying between 19 and 39. The average of age is 22. During the data collection phrase “Demographic Information Form”; during the evaluation of the data frequency polygon is used.At the end of the study it is detected that 743 (74%) of the students are willingly, and 261 (26%) of the students are unwillingly came to the department they are studying. Also; the uneasiest situation for the students’ future is to not find a job for 492 (49,0%) of them, financial difficulties for 282 (28,1%) of them, mate selection for 230 (22,9%) of them. At the same time, it is confirmed that 679 (67,6%) of the students want to work in public sector, and 325 (32,4%) of them want to work in private sector after graduation. It is seen that 198 (19,7%) of the students define unemployment as not to find a job in public sector, and 806 (80,3%) of them define unemployment as not to earn income. 458 (45,6%) of the students who participated to study are pleased with the employment opportunities, but 546 (54,4%) of them are not. It is detected that students of the departments of Social Work, English Language and Literature, Civil and Mechanical Engineering are pleased with employment opportunities after graduation, but the students of the departments of Statistic, Biology, Chemistry, History of Art, Sociology are not. Also, 395 (39,3%) of the students stated that they think they will be unemployed when they graduated, 609 (60,7%) of them do not think they are going to be an unemployed; departments of Social Work, English Language and Literature, Civil and Mechanical Engineering students stated that they are not going to become unemployed when they graduated,but the students of the departments of Statistic, Biology, Chemistry, History of Art, Sociology stated that they are going to become unemployed.Most of the university students choose their departments willingly. What makes university students anxious most is being unemployed. Students want to work in public sector when they graduate. For the unemployment anxiety that students are experiencing, state has to develop new policies related with employment. In order to make students believe that they would find job easily, apart from the departments they enroll in, alternative ways for career development can be provided.
Der bundeseinheitliche Medikationsplan: Wunsch und Wirklichkeit
Authors: Litwa Matthias , Bräutigam Katrin 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Der Grundstein für den bundeseinheitlichen Medikationsplan (MP) wurde durch das Bundesministerium für Gesundheit im Rahmen der Aktionspläne zur Verbesserung der Arzneimitteltherapiesicherheit (AMTS) gelegt. Ziel der Einführung des MP ist die Darstellung der Medikation für Patienten, um so die Patientensicherheit bei medikamentöser Therapie zu erhöhen. Ab 01.01.2019 müssen alle niedergelassenen Ärzte und öffentlichen Apotheken in der Lage sein, den elektronischen MP auf der elektronischen Gesundheitskarte zu aktualisieren.
PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PERCEPTION INDEX,MANAJEMEN LABA, DAN TIPE INDUSTRITERHADAP ENVIRONMENTAL DISCLOSURE
Authors: Chrysanti Amanda , Noviarini Diena 
Published: September 2017

Thisresearchaims to empirically analyze the influence ofCorporate Governance Perception Index, earnings management,and industry type on environmental disclosure. Environmental Disclosure is the dependent variables in this research were measured by scoring technique based on GRI3.1 Guidelines. For the independent variables in this research, using Corporate Governance Perception Index were measured by CGPI index score, earnings management were measured by discretionary accruals, and industry type were measured bycategorial. This research uses secondary data which population are companies entered Corporate Governance Perception Index in 2009-2012. While the sampling method used was purposive sampling method which is overall 44 sample choose. This research uses multiple regression method to test the hypothesis with SPSS computer program. From the analysis performed in this research, it can be concluded that Corporate Governance Perception Index has positively and significant influence to environmental disclosure. The other hand earnings management has no significant influence to environmental disclosure. The last one industry type has negatively and significant influence to environmental disclosure.

Key Words: Corporate Governance Perception Index, Earnings Management, Industry Type, and Environmental Disclosure
ANALISIS KESEHATAN BANK MANDIRI DAN BANK BCADENGAN METODE RGEC TAHUN 2010-2014
Authors: Rahayu Dwi , Suhendro Suhendro 
Published: September 2017

This study aims to determine the health level of Bank Mandiri and Bank BCA method RGEC 2010-2014. Descriptive research with quantitative approach. This study assesses the risk profile factors through NPL ratio and LDR, GCG factor, earnings factor through ROA, ROE, NIM and ROA, and the factor of capital through the CAR. Results of the study factors the Bank's risk profile has an average NPL of 2.1%, and the average LDR of 69.56%, while the value of BCA Bank NPL 0.51%, and 67.21% of its value LDR. Factors overall GCG shows the bank is able to meet the eleven aspects of GCG with the average received the title very well. Assessment assessed earnings of ROA, ROE, NIM and ROA Bank BCA has a better rating than the bank. Capital factor assessed with the CAR ratio of Bank Mandiri has an average of 18,06%, while 17,19% of BCA Bank. Thus, if judged by the factor capital, the bank has better performance than the BCA.

Keywords: Health of Banks, RGEC