bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE AFTERGLOW AND EARLY-TYPE HOST GALAXY OF THE SHORT GRB 150101B AT z = 0.1343
Authors: Fong W. , Margutti R. , Chornock R. , Berger E. , Shappee B. J. , Levan A. J. , Tanvir N. R. , Smith N. , Milne P. A. , Laskar T. , Fox D. B. , Lunnan R. , Blanchard P. K. , Hjorth J. , Wiersema K. , van der Horst A. J. , Zaritsky D. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery of the X-ray and optical afterglows of the short-duration GRB 150101B, pinpointing the event to an early-type host galaxy at z = 0.1343 ± 0.0030. This makes GRB 150101B the most nearby short gamma-ray burst (GRB) with an early-type host galaxy discovered to date. Fitting the spectral energy distribution of the host galaxy results in an inferred stellar mass of

, stellar population age of ≈2–2.5 Gyr, and star formation rate of ≲0.4 M
⊙ yr−1. The host of GRB 150101B is one of the largest and most luminous short GRB host galaxies, with a B-band luminosity of

and half-light radius of ≈8 kpc. GRB 150101B is located at a projected distance of 7.35 ± 0.07 kpc from its host center and lies on a faint region of its host rest-frame optical light. Its location, combined with the lack of associated supernova, is consistent with an NS–NS/NS–BH merger progenitor. From modeling the evolution of the broadband afterglow, we calculate isotropic-equivalent gamma-ray and kinetic energies of

erg and

erg, respectively, a circumburst density of

cm−3, and a jet opening angle of ≳9°. Using observations extending to ≈30 days, we place upper limits of

erg s−1 on associated kilonova emission. We compare searches following previous short GRBs to existing kilonova models and demonstrate the difficulty of performing effective kilonova searches from cosmological short GRBs using current ground-based facilities. We show that at the Advanced LIGO/VIRGO horizon distance of 200 Mpc, searches reaching depths of ≈23–24 AB mag are necessary to probe a meaningful range of kilonova models.
ELECTRON ACCELERATION IN PULSAR-WIND TERMINATION SHOCKS: AN APPLICATION TO THE CRAB NEBULA GAMMA-RAY FLARES
Authors: Kroon John J. , Becker Peter A. , Finke Justin D. , Dermer Charles D. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The γ-ray flares from the Crab Nebula observed by AGILE and Fermi-LAT reaching GeV energies and lasting several days challenge the standard models for particle acceleration in pulsar-wind nebulae because the radiating electrons have energies exceeding the classical radiation-reaction limit for synchrotron. Previous modeling has suggested that the synchrotron limit can be exceeded if the electrons experience electrostatic acceleration, but the resulting spectra do not agree very well with the data. As a result, there are still some important unanswered questions about the detailed particle acceleration and emission processes occurring during the flares. We revisit the problem using a new analytical approach based on an electron transport equation that includes terms describing electrostatic acceleration, stochastic wave-particle acceleration, shock acceleration, synchrotron losses, and particle escape. An exact solution is obtained for the electron distribution, which is used to compute the associated γ-ray synchrotron spectrum. We find that in our model the γ-ray flares are mainly powered by electrostatic acceleration, but the contributions from stochastic and shock acceleration play an important role in producing the observed spectral shapes. Our model can reproduce the spectra of all the Fermi-LAT and AGILE flares from the Crab Nebula, using magnetic field strengths in agreement with the multi-wavelength observational constraints. We also compute the spectrum and duration of the synchrotron afterglow created by the accelerated electrons, after they escape into the region on the downstream side of the pulsar-wind termination shock. The afterglow is expected to fade over a maximum period of about three weeks after the γ-ray flare.
ON THE UNIVERSAL LATE X-RAY EMISSION OF BINARY-DRIVEN HYPERNOVAE AND ITS POSSIBLE COLLIMATION
Authors: Pisani G. B. , Ruffini R. , Aimuratov Y. , Bianco C. L. , Kovacevic M. , Moradi R. , Muccino M. , Penacchioni A. V. , Rueda J. A. , Shakeri S. , Wang Y. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
It has previously been discovered that there is a universal power-law behavior exhibited by the late X-ray emission (LXRE) of a “golden sample” of six long energetic GRBs, when observed in the rest frame of the source. This remarkable feature, independent of the different isotropic energy (E
iso) of each GRB, has been used to estimate the cosmological redshift of some long GRBs. This analysis is extended here to a new class of 161 long GRBs, all with

erg. These GRBs are indicated as binary-driven hypernovae (BdHNe) in view of their progenitors: a tight binary system composed of a carbon–oxygen core (COcore) and a neutron star undergoing an induced gravitational collapse (IGC) to a black hole triggered by the COcore explosion as a supernova (SN). We confirm the universal behavior of the LXRE for the “enlarged sample” (ES) of 161 BdHNe observed up to the end of 2015, assuming a double-cone emitting region. We obtain a distribution of half-opening angles peaking at

, with a mean value of

, and a standard deviation of

. This, in turn, leads to the possible establishment of a new cosmological candle. Within the IGC model, such universal LXRE behavior is only indirectly related to the GRB and originates from the SN ejecta, of a standard constant mass, being shocked by the GRB emission. The fulfillment of the universal relation in the LXRE and its independence of the prompt emission, further confirmed in this article, establishes a crucial test for any viable GRB model.
L’Alaska Railroad Corporation : un modèle ferroviaire original aux confins des États-Unis entre diversification commerciale et stratégie touristique intégrée
Authors: Schorung Matthieu 
Published: December 2016

L’Alaska Railroad Corporation (ARRC) constitue un modèle ferroviaire unique aux États-Unis : compagnie publique détenue par l’État de l’Alaska, unité des services de fret et de passagers, stratégie financière diversifiée. Le chemin de fer a permis l’ouverture au peuplement et à l’exploitation de l’Alaska. Ce mode de transport est aujourd’hui un acteur majeur de son système de transport. Par ailleurs, sa stratégie touristique fait de l’ARRC un acteur à part entière de la mise en tourisme et de la valorisation de l’Alaska. Il s’agit, à travers cet article, d’analyser les caractéristiques propres à cette compagnie et les fondements de sa réussite, et de considérer la stratégie de l’ARRC comme un facteur structurant des dynamiques économiques et territoriales actuelles de l’Alaska.
Prospective evaluation of yield of endoscopic ultrasonography in the etiological diagnosis of "idiopathic" acute pancreatitis
Authors: Choudhary Narendra S. , Bansal Rinkesh Kumar , Shah Vinit , Nasa Mukesh , Puri Rajesh , Thandassery Ragesh , Singh Rajiv Ranjan , Bhasin Amit , Bhatia Sumit , Misra S. R. , Bhagat Suraj , Vashishtha Chitranshu , Sud Randhir 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Background: Etiology of acute pancreatitis (AP) remains idiopathic in 30% of patients. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has been shown to increase the diagnostic yield in patients with idiopathic AP (IAP). Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of EUS in achieving etiological diagnosis in patients with IAP. Materials and Methods: Consecutive 192 patients with IAP were evaluated prospectively with EUS over a period of 2 years. Patients who had no etiological diagnosis for AP after detailed history, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography were included in the study. Results: The mean age of patients was 34.6 ± 12 and male:female ratio was 2.1:1. Of these, 135 patients had gallbladder intact (Group A) and 57 patients had undergone cholecystectomy (Group B). In Group A, EUS identified a possible cause in 79 (58.5%) patients; microlithiasis (n = 48), chronic pancreatitis (CP) (n = 23), common bile duct (CBD) and gallbladder stone (n = 3), pancreatic divisum (n = 3), small pancreatic tumor (n = 1), and anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction (n = 1). In Group B, EUS yielded diagnosis in 28 (49.1%) patients; CP (n = 22), ascariasis (n = 3), CBD stone (n = 2), and pancreatic divisum (n = 1). Overall EUS helped in achieving etiological diagnosis in 107 (55.1%) of patients with IAP. The presence of intact gallbladder showed a tendency for increased diagnostic yield (P = 0.06). Conclusion: EUS is a useful modality to establish the diagnosis in IAP and this technique should be incorporated in the evaluation of IAP.
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma presenting as submucosal lesion with repeatedly negative endoscopic biopsies
Authors: Choudhary Narendra S. , Bansal Rinkesh K. , Puri Rajesh , Guleria Mridula , Sud Randhir 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA 74-year-old male presented with dysphagia for 2 months. Computed tomography revealed irregular wall thickening of the esophagus at T3 to T5 level. He underwent gastroscopy which revealed a submucosal bulge with normal mucosa at 25 cm from incisors. Repeated biopsies were taken, all were negative for malignancy. The patient underwent endoscopic ultrasound, and fine-needle aspiration was taken which was suggestive for squamous cell carcinoma.
Medical Record Keeping in the Summer Camp Setting
Authors: Holland Jaycelyn , Weinberg Stuart , Rosenbloom S. , Kaufman Laura 
Published: December 2016

Summary
Background Approximately one fifth of school-aged children spend a significant portion of their year at residential summer camp, and a growing number have chronic medical conditions. Camp health records are essential for safe, efficient care and for transitions between camp and home providers, yet little research exists regarding these systems.
Objective To survey residential summer camps for children to determine how camps create, store, and use camper health records. To raise awareness in the informatics community of the issues experienced by health providers working in a special pediatric care setting.
Methods We designed a web-based electronic survey concerning medical recordkeeping and healthcare practices at summer camps. 953 camps accredited by the American Camp Association received the survey. Responses were consolidated and evaluated for trends and conclusions.
Results Of 953 camps contacted, 298 (31%) responded to the survey. Among respondents, 49.3% stated that there was no computer available at the health center, and 14.8% of camps stated that there was not any computer available to health staff at all. 41.1% of camps stated that internet access was not available. The most common complaints concerning recordkeeping practices were time burden, adequate completion, and consistency.
Conclusions Summer camps in the United States make efforts to appropriately document healthcare given to campers, but inconsistency and inefficiency may be barriers to staff productivity, staff satisfaction, and quality of care. Survey responses suggest that the current methods used by camps to document healthcare cause limitations in consistency, efficiency, and communications between providers, camp staff, and parents. As of 2012, survey respondents articulated need for a standard software to document summer camp healthcare practices that accounts for camp-specific needs. Improvement may be achieved if documentation software offers the networking capability, simplicity, pediatrics-specific features, and avoidance of technical jargon.
Citation: Kaufman L, Holland J, Weinberg S, Rosenbloom ST. Medical record keeping in the summer camp setting.
Thermal infrared laser heterodyne spectroradiometry for solar occultation atmospheric CO2 measurements
Authors: Hoffmann Alex , Macleod Neil A. , Huebner Marko , Weidmann Damien 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. This technology demonstration paper reports on the development, demonstration, performance assessment, and initial data analysis of a benchtop prototype quantum cascade laser heterodyne spectroradiometer, operating within a narrow spectral window of  ∼  1 cm−1 around 953.1 cm−1 in transmission mode and coupled to a passive Sun tracker. The instrument has been specifically designed for accurate dry air total column, and potentially vertical profile, measurements of CO2. Data from over 8 months of operation in 2015 near Didcot, UK, confirm that atmospheric measurements with noise levels down to 4 times the shot noise limit can be achieved with the current instrument. Over the 8-month period, spectra with spectral resolutions of 60 MHz (0.002 cm−1) and 600 MHz (0.02 cm−1) have been acquired with median signal-to-noise ratios of 113 and 257, respectively, and a wavenumber calibration uncertainty of 0.0024 cm−1.Using the optimal estimation method and RFM as the radiative transfer forward model, prior analysis and theoretical benchmark modelling had been performed with an observation system simulator (OSS) to target an optimized spectral region of interest. The selected narrow spectral window includes both CO2 and H2O ro-vibrational transition lines to enable the measurement of dry air CO2 column from a single spectrum. The OSS and preliminary retrieval results yield roughly 8 degrees of freedom for signal (over the entire state vector) for an arbitrarily chosen a priori state with relatively high uncertainty ( ∼  4 for CO2). Preliminary total column mixing ratios obtained are consistent with GOSAT monthly data. At a spectral resolution of 60 MHz with an acquisition time of 90 s, instrumental noise propagation yields an error of around 1.5 ppm on the dry air total column of CO2, exclusive of biases and geophysical parameters errors at this stage.
North American regional climate reconstruction from ground surface temperature histories
Authors: Jaume-Santero Fernando , Pickler Carolyne , Beltrami Hugo , Mareschal Jean-Claude 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Within the framework of the PAGES NAm2k project, 510 North American borehole temperature–depth profiles were analyzed to infer recent climate changes. To facilitate comparisons and to study the same time period, the profiles were truncated at 300 m. Ground surface temperature histories for the last 500 years were obtained for a model describing temperature changes at the surface for several climate-differentiated regions in North America. The evaluation of the model is done by inversion of temperature perturbations using singular value decomposition and its solutions are assessed using a Monte Carlo approach. The results within 95 % confidence interval suggest a warming between 1.0 and 2.5 K during the last two centuries. A regional analysis, composed of mean temperature changes over the last 500 years and geographical maps of ground surface temperatures, show that all regions experienced warming, but this warming is not spatially uniform and is more marked in northern regions.
Overview of the first HyMeX special observation period over Croatia
Authors: Ivančan-Picek Branka , Tudor Martina , Horvath Kristian , Stanešić Antonio , Ivatek-Šahdan Stjepan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. The HYdrological cycle in the Mediterranean EXperiment (HyMeX) is intended to improve the capabilities of predicting high-impact weather events. Within its framework, the aim of the first special observation period (SOP1), 5 September to 6 November 2012, was to study heavy precipitation events and flash floods. Here, we present high-impact weather events over Croatia that occurred during SOP1. Particular attention is given to eight intense observation periods (IOPs), during which high precipitation occurred over the eastern Adriatic and Dinaric Alps. During the entire SOP1, the operational model forecasts generally well represented medium intensity precipitation, but heavy precipitation was frequently underestimated by the ALADIN model at an 8 km grid spacing and was overestimated at a higher resolution (2 km grid spacing). During IOP2, intensive rainfall occurred over a wider area around the city of Rijeka in the northern Adriatic. The short-range maximum rainfall totals were the largest ever recorded at the Rijeka station since the beginning of measurements in 1958. The rainfall amounts measured in intervals of 20, 30 and 40 min were exceptional, with return periods that exceeded a thousand, a few hundred and one hundred years, respectively. The operational precipitation forecast using the ALADIN model at an 8 km grid spacing provided guidance regarding the event but underestimated the rainfall intensity. An evaluation of numerical sensitivity experiments suggested that the forecast was slightly enhanced by improving the initial conditions through variational data assimilation. The operational non-hydrostatic run at a 2 km grid spacing using a configuration with the ALARO physics package further improved the forecast. This article highlights the need for an intensive observation period in the future over the Adriatic region to validate the simulated mechanisms and improve numerical weather predictions via data assimilation and model improvements in descriptions of microphysics and air–sea interactions.
Leadership Connection to Emotional Intelligence and Stress at Workplace
Authors: Bashir Nadeem Ahmed 
Published: December 2016

<p>Emotional intelligence has gained huge attention of practitioners and researchers over the last decade. This paper aims to highlight the relatively less focused, but the key domain of stress at work and its linkage with the emotional intelligence of leadership. Based on previous studies, this study accumulated the issues regarding emotional intelligence of leadership and its capacity to handle the stress more effectively. Though intelligence quotient is necessary for leaders, emotional intelligence of leadership is identified as most significant to cope with stress at work and create a healthy work environment. Specifically, the level of leaders’ emotional intelligence sets for how subordinates respond, to perform more effectively at different stressful circumstances. </p>
Nietzsche na poesia de Waly Salomão
Authors: Boaventura Flávio L. T. S. 
Published: December 2016

poeta Waly Salomão (1943-2003) manteve, sabidamente, forte ligação com o que há de mais essencial do pensamento trágico nietzschiano. Poeta de múltiplas polinizações e linguagens, além de demolidor incansável de fronteiras, Waly adorava baralhar antigas categorias estéticas. Impulsionada por “câmara de ecos e algaravias”, sua poesia transitou por vários léxicos como se estivesse palmilhando diferentes estratégias de fundir a escrita com a plasticidade da vida, e vice-versa. Portadora de um “espírito dionisíaco”, sua produção mescla metáforas, sentenças, parábolas, chistes, aforismos e não cede espaço para nenhuma verdade dogmática. Ao contrário. Afeito ao pensamento enviesado, de cunho antimetafísico, Salomão sempre foi um poeta entusiasmado pela ultilinguagem e combateu ferozmente a monotonia do cânone. “Amante da algazarra e gigolô de bibelôs”, sua obra demonstra ser, a um só tempo, repulsa do espírito fatigado e paixão incondicional pela alegria.Palavras-chave: Waly Salomão. Nietzsche. Alegria. Trágico.
A paisagem de Guimarães Rosa: o espaço geográfico como representação da alma do homem sertanejo
Authors: Salles Juliana Rodrigues , Souza Isaura Santos , Santos Erick Naldimar 
Published: December 2016

As questões espaciais no trabalho de Guimarães Rosa são tão relevantes quanto os outros elementos, como os personagens, o tempo, o enredo etc., pois são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento das situações trágicas, cômicas, dramáticas, fantásticas, românticas e amorosas da sua prosa. O trabalho objetiva discutir, através da análise dos contos “Os irmãos Dagobé” e “Sarapalha”, com o apoio de alguns teóricos e do dicionário de símbolos, o quanto a personalidade, valores, relações e atitudes dos personagens estão interligados ao sertão e a suas particularidades regionais, assim como as mudanças internas estão vinculadas diretamente a transformações externas. Os contos adotados para estudo, um de narrativa curta e outro de narrativa mais extensa possuem formas diferentes de mostrar o quanto o sertão tem uma forma particular de penetrar a alma do indivíduo e determinar o rumo das perspectivas inerentes ao homem, como sobrevivência, abandono, solidão e a linha tênue entre a vida e a morte.Palavras-Chave: Guimarães Rosa. Paisagem. Sertão. Representação.
AVALIAÇÃO DA CAPACIDADE FUNCIONAL DE IDOSOS COM DOENÇA RENAL CRÔNICA EM TRATAMENTO DE HEMODIÁLISE
Authors: Carvalho Igho Leonardo , Santos Joelita , Sousa Antonia , Silva Erisonval Da , Carvalho Fábio , Simões Camila 
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: Avaliar a capacidade funcional em idosos com insuficiência renal crônica que realizam tratamento de hemodiálise. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado em Teresina-PI, no período de agosto a novembro de 2015, com amostra de 60 idosos. Aplicado questionário estruturado e a Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF), sendo obtido frequência simples e Teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson (p<0,05). Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes avaliados apresentou o grau de independência completa (28,3%), embora a média total da MIF (104,3 pontos) indicou grau de dependência no nível de supervisão. O conhecimento sobre a patologia e renda apresentou relação estatisticamente significante com a capacidade funcional. Considerações finais: O tratamento de hemodiálise pouco interfere sobre a capacidade funcional dos idosos, mas sugere ações de saúde baseadas em atividades físicas e lazer, otimizando a manutenção da qualidade de vida.Descritores: Atividades Cotidianas; Saúde do Idoso; Insuficiência Renal Crônica; Diálise Renal.
Bertoyas dans la jungle. Bande dessinée et édition sauvage
Authors: Crucifix Benoît , Moura1 Pedro 
Published: December 2016

L’oeuvre de Jean-Michel Bertoyas est majoritairement constituée de fanzines de bande dessinée auto-publiés, caractérisés par un style brut et un usage particulier du détournement et du collage. Le cas de Bertoyas nous invite à prolonger la réflexion initiée par le groupe ACME sur l’indépendance en bande dessinée, en approfondissant les dynamiques qui caractérisent l’« édition sauvage ». À travers une poétique mineure, Bertoyas revendique en effet une adhérence au milieu de la micro-édition et du fanzinat comme lieu de résistance à une certaine institutionnalisation et domestication de la bande dessinée. L’analyse des supports matériels et des modes de circulation de son oeuvre, ainsi que de l’esthétique particulière qui s’en dégage, permettra de déployer, à partir d’un cas spécifique, une réflexion plus approfondie sur les rapports entre le fanzinat et d’autres formes d’indépendance éditoriale en bande dessinée.
Quand un blog devient une oeuvre : L’Autofictif d’Éric Chevillard
Authors: Vrydaghs David 
Published: December 2016

L’Autofictifest à la fois un blog ouvert par l’écrivain français Éric Chevillard en septembre 2007 et un journal intime publié annuellement depuis 2008 aux Éditions de L’Arbre Vengeur (chaque volume reprend tous les textes de l’année écoulée, qui sont alors effacés du site). Cette double identité, sur les plans matériel et générique, a notamment pour effet de créer deux contextes de réception différents, comme la critique l’a très tôt noté. La double matérialité de l’objet implique aussi, plus radicalement, de le considérer comme deux produits culturels distincts. Il y a ainsi un « effet-blog », détaillé notamment par Marie-Ève Thérenty, qui travaille l’écriture. Mais joue aussi ce que l’on pourrait appeler, par contraste, un « effet-livre ». Si celui-ci a déjà été abordé par certains travaux, il a moins retenu l’attention que le précédent. C’est à l’étude de cet effet-livre que cet article est consacré.