bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Membrane Dynamics and Regulation of Subcellular Changes during Senescence
Authors: Hopkins Marianne , McNamara Linda , Taylor Catherine , Wang Tzann‐Wei , Thompson John 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionLoss of Membrane Structural Integrity during SenescenceRole of Proteolysis in Membrane SenescenceDismantling of Membranes in Senescing TissueRole of AutophagyMetabolism of Membrane Fatty Acids in Senescing TissuesTranslational Regulation of Senescence
Environmental Regulation of Leaf Senescence
Authors: Lers Amnon 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionLight IrradianceOzoneTemperatureDrought StressFloodingSalinityEnvironmental Pollution – Toxic MaterialsOxidative Stress Involvement in Environmental Regulation of SenescenceNutrient/Mineral ShortageAtmosphericCO2Biotic StressConcluding Remarks
Photosensitizers for Two‐Photon Excited Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Sun Zhiyuan , Zhang Li‐Peng , Wu Feipeng , Zhao Yuxia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive protocol for the treatment of various cancers and nonmalignant diseases. Light, oxygen, and photosensitizer (PS) are the essential three elements in a typical PDT process. Currently, there are two major barriers limiting the further development of PDT. One issue is limited tissue penetration, and the other is the lack of high‐performance PSs. Therefore, the newly emerging two‐photon excited PDT (2PE‐PDT) has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its advantages such as a higher spatial resolution and a greater penetration depth. In this review, focus is on (i) the principle of 2PE‐PDT, (ii) the progression of PSs for 2PE‐PDT, and (iii) the potential indications and future directions in this field.
Ethical Challenges Inherent in the Evaluation of an American Indian/Alaskan Native Circles of Care Project
Authors: Julian David A. , Smith Tyrone , Hunt R. Andrew 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article provides first‐person accounts of ethical issues inherent in an evaluation of the Native American Indian Center of Central Ohio (NAICCO) Circles of Care project. Circles of Care is a three‐year, infrastructure development program funded through the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) which is part of the federal Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). The grant program is for American Indian and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) tribes and urban Indian communities and includes a strong emphasis on community engagement and community ownership. The Native American Indian Center of Central Ohio received a Circles of Care grant in the fifth cohort of the program. The first author (Project Evaluator) presents views that typically represent a western approach to evaluation, while the second author (Project Director) presents a Native perspective. Ethical issues are defined as well as the authors’ efforts to address these concerns.
Early experience with a patient‐specific virtual surgical simulation for rehearsal of endoscopic skull‐base surgery
Authors: Won Tae‐Bin , Hwang Peter , Lim Jae Hyun , Cho Sung‐Woo , Paek Sun Ha , Losorelli Steven , Vaisbuch Yona , Chan Sonny , Salisbury Kenneth , Blevins Nikolas H. 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundWith the help of contemporary computer technology it is possible to create a virtual surgical environment (VSE) for training. This article describes a patient‐specific virtual rhinologic surgical simulation platform that supports rehearsal of endoscopic skull‐base surgery. We also share our early experience with select cases.MethodsA rhinologic VSE was developed, featuring a highly efficient direct 3‐dimensional (3D) volume renderer with simultaneous stereoscopic feedback during surgical manipulation of the virtual anatomy, as well as high‐fidelity haptic feedback. We conducted a retrospective analysis on 10 patients who underwent various forms of sinus and ventral skull‐base surgery to assess the ability of the rhinologic VSE to replicate actual intraoperative findings.ResultsIn all 10 cases, the simulation experience was realistic enough to perform dissections in a similar manner as in the actual surgery. Excellent correlation was found in terms of surgical exposure, anatomical features, and the locations of pathology.ConclusionThe current rhinologic VSE shows sufficient realism to allow patient‐specific surgical rehearsal of the sinus and ventral skull base. Further validation studies are needed to assess the benefits of performing patient‐specific rehearsal.
FFLO States in Layered Organic Superconductors
Authors: Wosnitza Joachim 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this short review, the recently found experimental evidence that Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov (FFLO) states are realized in quasi‐two‐dimensional (2D) organic superconductors is reported. At low temperatures and when a high magnetic field is aligned parallel to the conducting organic layers, an upturn of the upper critical field much beyond the Pauli limit is observed, as proven by thermodynamic measurements. Under certain conditions, a second thermodynamic transition emerges inside the FFLO state. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) work has added strong microscopic support for the realization of the FFLO state. The NMR spectra in the FFLO phase can very well be explained by a nonuniform one‐dimensionally modulated superconducting order parameter. All these features, appearing only in a very narrow angular region close to parallel‐field orientation, give robust evidence for the realization of the FFLO state in organic superconductors.
The Existence of a Designer Al=Al Double Bond in the LiAl2H4− Cluster Formed by Electronic Transmutation
Authors: Lundell Katie A. , Zhang Xinxing , Boldyrev Alexander I. , Bowen Kit H. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Al=Al double bond is elusive in chemistry. Herein we report the results obtained via combined photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio studies of the LiAl2H4− cluster that confirm the formation of a conventional Al=Al double bond. Comprehensive searches for the most stable structures of the LiAl2H4− cluster have shown that the global minimum isomer I possesses a geometric structure which resembles that of Si2H4, demonstrating a successful example of the transmutation of Al atoms into Si atoms by electron donation. Theoretical simulations of the photoelectron spectrum discovered the coexistence of two isomers in the ion beam, including the one with the Al=Al double bond.
Synthesis of a Phlorin from a Meso‐Fused Anthriporphyrin by a Diels–Alder Strategy
Authors: Aslam Adil S. , Hong Jung‐Ho , Shin June‐Ho , Cho Dong‐Gyu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAn anthracene‐containing meso‐fused carbaporphyrin, which has extended π‐conjugation pathways as compared to the corresponding naphthalene‐containing carbaporphyrin, has been synthesized. The weak global aromaticity of the anthriporphyrin also allowed its use as the diene for a Diels–Alder reaction with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD). The resulting phlorin contains an interesting bicyclic structure. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, this phlorin is the first Diels–Alder adduct of a diene forming part of the global π‐conjugation pathway of an aromatic porphyrinoid.
The use of Chara spp. (Charales: Characeae) as a bioindicator of physico‐chemical habitat suitability for an endangered crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes in lentic waters
Authors: Beaune David , Sellier Yann , Lambert Élisabeth , Grandjean Frédéric 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Austropotamobius pallipes is an endangered decapod attracting much attention in freshwater conservation programmes. In some cases population transfers or reintroductions are carried out in lentic ecosystems such as ponds or quarries. Such conservation actions require rapid, low cost and powerful tools to census suitable habitat.
Some species of the Characeae family (Chara spp.), share ecological needs with A. pallipes and are proposed as bioindicators of suitable habitat. Chara species were tested, among other plants, as bioindicators, and to see whether Chara species are a stronger indicator than water chemistry.
The Pinail Nature Reserve, with 3000 permanent ponds, is inhabited by white‐clawed crayfish probably introduced historically into ponds used for fish production. This allows a replicated study of suitable habitats where plant communities are bioindicators of crayfish presence.
Crayfish presence is associated with Chara species (such as Chara aspera, Chara virgata, Chara fragifera, Chara polyacantha and Chara vulgaris). Austropotamobius pallipes is present in ponds with Chara spp. (N = 10/10) while other ponds without crayfish are lacking charophytes (N = 1/23). Algae of the genus Chara are thus a simple and low‐cost additional tool for determining suitable habitat for crayfish introductions within enclosed waters protected from exotic invasive species and disease. Cladium mariscus also appears to be another useful bioindicator for crayfish habitat.
Metal‐Catalyzed C−H Bond Activation of 5‐Membered Carbocyclic Rings: A Powerful Access to Azulene, Acenaphthylene and Fulvene Derivatives
Authors: Shi Xinzhe , Sasmal Arpan , Soulé Jean‐François , Doucet Henri 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAzulene, acenaphthylene and fulvene derivatives exhibit important physical properties useful in materials chemistry as well as valuable biological properties. Since about two decades ago, the metal‐catalyzed functionalization of such compounds, via C−H bond activation of their 5‐membered carbocyclic ring, proved to be a very convenient method for the synthesis of a wide variety of azulene, acenaphthylene and fulvene derivatives. For such reactions, there is no need to prefunctionalize the 5‐membered carbocyclic rings. In this review, the progress in the synthesis of azulene, acenaphthylene and fulvene derivatives via metal‐catalyzed C−H bond activation of their 5‐membered carbocyclic ring are summarized.
Integral Sliding‐Mode Observation and Control for Switched Uncertain Linear Time Invariant Systems: a Robustifying Strategy
Authors: Galván‐Guerra Rosalba , Fridman Leonid , Iriarte Rafael , Velázquez‐Velázquez Juan‐Eduardo , Steinberger Martin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA robustifying methodology for switched systems with matched and unmatched uncertainties/perturbations and autonomous location transitions is presented. We avail of such methodology to design a control strategy based on integral sliding modes, thereby ensuring theoretically exact compensation of the matched uncertainties/perturbations and the minimization of the effects of the unmatched ones. An output integral sliding‐mode control technique, based on a switched algebraic hierarchical observer is also proposed. This approach allows the theoretically exact compensation of the matched uncertainties/perturbations right after the first moment. The proposed approach is illustrated via numerical simulations.
Estimation of Multi‐Order Spectra for Nonlinear Closed‐Loop Systems
Authors: Zhang Jialiang , Cao Jianfu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this paper, a multi‐order spectra estimation method is proposed for a nonlinear closed‐loop system based on the Volterra series. Owing to the correlation between the noise and the input, the estimation accuracy is poor when the nonlinear spectra of the plant is obtained using the traditional estimation method. In order to overcome this problem, a two‐step scheme is used to estimate the multi‐order spectrum of a nonlinear system operating in closed‐loop. Firstly, the generalized frequency response functions (GFRFs) from the reference signal to the input of the plant are estimated, and they are used to simulate the noise‐free input spectra of the plant. Secondly, the GFRFs of the controlled plant are estimated using the noise‐free input spectra and the output spectra. Because the GFRFs are multidimensional functions, the required amount of calculation for the estimation is very large. To reduce computational complexity, a simplified GFRF model is adopted to estimate the multi‐order nonlinear spectrum of the plant. In this model, the GFRF is transformed to a one‐dimensional function. Two simulation experiments are provided to illustrate the proposed approach.
Direct assessment of quality of care in secure residential treatment facilities for criminal offenders with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Joslyn P. Raymond , Vollmer Timothy R. , Dickens Emily N. , Walker Stephen F. 
Published: November 2017

Direct assessment was used to evaluate quality of care in 2 secure residential treatment facilities for criminal offenders with intellectual disabilities. This population and type of setting have not been previously studied in this context. Observations were conducted of environmental condition, resident condition, resident activity, and staff member activity at various times of day over a period of 3 weeks in Facility 1 and 2 days in Facility 2. An additional analysis was conducted to determine the optimal number of observations needed to obtain a representative sample. Results indicated high levels of quality in terms of environmental condition and resident condition in both facilities. Data on resident and staff activities were more variable but generally consistent with previous research. Implications for the optimal number of observations are discussed, as well as limitations and future directions for research.
A potential new form of jail diversion and reconnection to mental health services: II. Demonstration of feasibility
Authors: Compton Michael T. , Anderson Simone , Broussard Beth , Ellis Samantha , Halpern Brooke , Pauselli Luca , O'Neal Marsha , Druss Benjamin G. , Johnson Mark 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGiven fragmentation between mental health and criminal justice systems, we tested the feasibility of implementing a potential new form of pre‐booking jail diversion. Our “linkage system” consists of three steps: (i) individuals with serious mental illnesses and an arrest history give special consent to be enrolled in a statewide database; (ii) if an officer has an encounter with an enrolled patient and runs a routine background check, he or she receives an electronic message to call; and (iii) the “linkage specialist” provides brief telephonic assistance to the officer. Of 206 eligible individuals, 199 (96.6%) opted in, the database received 679 hits, and the linkage specialist received 31 calls (and in at least three cases an arrest was probably averted). The mean number of arrests was 0.59 ± 0.92 in the year before enrollment (38.7% arrested) and 0.48 ± 0.83 during the 12‐month intervention (30.7% arrested). Implementation is feasible, and a signal that the system might reduce incarceration was detected, encouraging development of a larger study.
A potential new form of jail diversion and reconnection to mental health services: I. Stakeholders' views on acceptability
Authors: Compton Michael T. , Halpern Brooke , Broussard Beth , Anderson Simone , Smith Kelly , Ellis Samantha , Griffin Kara , Pauselli Luca , Myers Neely 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe most effective point of intervention to prevent unnecessary arrest/incarceration of persons with serious mental illnesses is the initial encounter with police. We piloted a new police–mental health linkage system. When officers run an enrolled participant's name/identifiers, they receive an electronic message that the person has mental health considerations and that they should call for information. The linkage specialist receives the call and assists telephonically. In this qualitative study to examine acceptability of the linkage system, we conducted nine focus groups with diverse stakeholders (e.g., enrolled patients, officers). Focus groups revealed that patients enrolled with the hope that the linkage system would prevent negative interactions with police and minimize risk of arrest. Officers reported preferring not to arrest mental health patients and were genuinely invested in helping them, and felt that the linkage system might be an additional tool during encounters. Findings revealed acceptability of the intervention, and further research is warranted.
A comprehensive analysis comparing the eighth AJCC gastric cancer pathological classification to the seventh, sixth, and fifth editions
Authors: Seeruttun Sharvesh Raj , Yuan Shuqiang , Qiu Haibo , Huang Yun , Li Yuanfang , Liang Yao , Guan Yuanxiang , Zhan Youqing , Li Wei , Chen Yingbo , Sun Xiaowei , Xu Dazhi , Zhou Zhiwei 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTo perform a comprehensive analysis comparing the prognostic and discriminative ability of the eighth AJCC gastric cancer (GC) pathological classification to that of the seventh, sixth and fifth editions, and secondly to assess their long‐term significance. Patients who had undergone R0 gastrectomy were identified and restaged accordingly. To evaluate and confirm any difference in prognostic ability between the competing editions, the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were computed and compared since both have different analytic strengths. The area under the curve (AUC) with 95% CI based on the time‐dependent receiver‐operating characteristics analyses were also calculated to assess any change in prognostic rankings from the first to tenth postoperative year. The rankings calculated by both statistical methods showed similar results, in which the seventh edition was identified as possessing the best prognostic ability. Additionally, these ranks were found to remain consistent over the ten postoperative years, but demonstrated no clinical significance as their respective 95% CIs calculated by the AIC, BIC, and AUC were found to overlap. However, the more detailed staging classifications of the eighth edition was shown to display the best prognostic demarcation for stratifying patients with higher‐staged disease. This study thereby identified the eighth AJCC GC edition to possess similar long‐term prognostic ability as to its previous three editions but contrastingly demonstrated the best distinctive ability for stratifying overall survival and can thus be considered as being clinically more reliable.
Prognostic value of CD133+CD54+CD44+ circulating tumor cells in colorectal cancer with liver metastasis
Authors: Fang Chao , Fan Chuanwen , Wang Cun , Huang Qiaorong , Meng Wentong , Yu Yongyang , Yang Lie , Hu Jiankun , Li Yuan , Mo Xianming , Zhou Zongguang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn the previous study, we had showed the expression of CD133+CD54+CD44+ cellular subpopulation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) was significantly associated with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to explore whether this subpopulation of CTCs have a prognostic value in CRC patients. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of cellular subpopulations of CTCs with CD133, CD54, and CD44 in 152 CRC patients, between December 2013 and October 2014. The impact of clinicopathological factors and the expression of cellular subpopulations of CTCs on overall survival were then analyzed. CRC patients with liver metastases who underwent resection of the primary tumor accompanied by surgical treatment for metastasis had a better survival than other patients (P < 0.001). The liver metastatic CRC patients with high expression of CD133+CD54+ (P < 0.001), CD133−CD54+ (P = 0.004), and CD133+CD44+CD54+ (P = 0.003) cellular subpopulations of CTCs had a worse survival than those patients with low expression. Multivariable survival analyses identified carcinoembryonic antigen levels (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.056; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.354–6.897; P = 0.007), treatment strategy (HR = 0.212; 95% CI = 0.056–0.808; P = 0.023), and CD133+CD44+CD54+ cellular subpopulation of CTCs (HR = 6.459; 95% CI = 1.461–28.558; P = 0.014) as independent prognostic factors for CRC patients with liver metastasis. CD133+CD44+CD54+ cellular subpopulation of CTCs has a prognostic value in CRC patients with liver metastasis, especially in the survival of CRC patients with liver metastasis who did not undergo surgical treatment for metastasis.
Enhanced Permeability and Binding Activity of Isobutylene‐Grafted Peptides
Authors: Sun Shuang , Compañón Ismael , Martínez‐Sáez Nuria , Seixas João D. , Boutureira Omar , Corzana Francisco , Bernardes Gonçalo J. L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe present a new peptide‐macrocyclization strategy with an isobutylene graft. The reaction is mild and proceeds rapidly and efficiently both for linear and cyclic peptides. The resulting isobutylene‐grafted peptides possess improved passive membrane permeability due to the shielding of the polar backbone of the amides, as demonstrated by NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. The isobutylene‐stapled structures are fully stable in human plasma and in the presence of glutathione. This strategy can be applied to bioactive cyclic peptides such as somatostatin. Importantly, we found that structural preorganization forced by the isobutylene graft leads to a significant improvement in binding. The combined advantages of directness, selectivity, and smallness could allow application to peptide macrocyclization based on this attachment of the isobutylene graft.
Unraveling the Nature of the Catalytic Power of Fluoroacetate Dehalogenase
Authors: Miranda‐Rojas Sebastián , Fernández Israel , Kästner Johannes , Toro‐Labbé Alejandro , Mendizábal Fernando 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFluoroacetate dehalogenase is able to cleavage a carbon–fluoride bond, the strongest carbon–halogen bond in nature, in a process initiated by a SN2 reaction. The role of the enzyme machinery and particularly of the halogen pocket in the SN2 reaction is thoroughly explored by using state‐of‐the‐art computational tools. A comparison between the non‐catalyzed versus enzyme‐catalyzed reaction, as well as with a mutant of the enzyme (Tyr219Phe), is presented. The energy barrier changes are rationalized by means of reaction force analysis and the activation strain model coupled with energy decomposition analysis. The catalysis is in part caused by the reduction of structural work from bringing the reactant species towards the proper reaction orientation, and the reduction of the electrostatic repulsion between the nucleophile and the substrate, which are both negatively charged. In addition, catalysis is also driven by an important reduction of the electronic reorganization processes during the reaction, where Tyr from the halogen pocket acts as a charge acceptor from the SN2 reaction axis therefore reducing the electronic steric repulsion between the reacting parts.
Kinetics and Structural Investigation of Layered Li9V3(P2O7)3(PO4)2 as a Cathode Material for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Balasubramanian Prasanth , Mancini Marilena , Geßwein Holger , Geiger Dorin , Axmann Peter , Kaiser Ute , Wohlfahrt‐Mehrens Margret 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCathode materials with improved safety and energy densities are required for developing next‐generation Li‐ion battery technology. Among different phosphate‐based materials, layered Li9V3(P2O7)3(PO4)2 (LVPP) has recently been explored as a high‐voltage cathode. We report the feasibility of multi‐electron reactions and the influence of crystallite size on the electrode kinetics. The mechanism of Li extraction/insertion during charge and discharge is investigated and the structural transformations at high voltages are studied by means of in situ and ex situ analysis. The changes induced by electrochemical Li extraction are found to be reversible during cycling in the potential window of 2–4.6 V, whilst voltage profile changes and capacity fading is observed by charging up to 4.8 V, owing to irreversible phase transition and reduction of the interlayer distance. The findings can be applied for optimizing material synthesis as well as the working conditions in Li‐ion battery applications.