bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated Lymph Flow in Early-Stage Secondary Lymphedema Detected by Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Lymphography
Authors: Shinaoka Akira , Koshimune Seijiro , Matsumoto Kumiko , Honda Masako , Miyake Maki , Furuichi Hiromi , Hongo Atsushi , Kimata Yoshihiro , Yamada Kiyoshi 
Published: June 2017

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the lymph function of the lower extremities and to identify early symptoms of lymph dysfunction in secondary lymphedema by observing lymph flow with indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence lymphography (LG).
Methods We retrospectively evaluated the lymph flow of 108 limbs in 54 female patients with leg lymphedema secondary to pelvic lymphadenectomy for gynecological carcinoma and 14 limbs in 7 female controls without a history of pelvic lymphadenectomy or radiotherapy. ICG was injected into four points at the distal part of the lower extremity. Lymph flow was evaluated by measuring the proximal point where the ICG could be observed 5 minutes after rest and 15 minutes after a walking exercise.
Results In the controls, lymph flow was stable at rest and was well enhanced by exercise. In patients with early-stage lymphedema, lymph flow was already enhanced at rest (p = 0.005) and was further enhanced by exercise. In advanced-stage lymphedema, lymph flow was not enhanced, even by exercise (p = 0.001).
Conclusion ICG-LG could evaluate lymph flow and functions of lymph systems and detect accelerated lymph flow in early-stage secondary lymphedema. Detecting accelerated lymph flow may facilitate early detection and treatment of secondary lymphedema.
Einfluss verschiedener Genvarianten auf den Erfolg von Adipositastherapien
Authors: Mühlberger Anna , Bischoff Stephan , Louis Sandrine 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Ausbreitung der Adipositas und ihrer Folgen entwickelt sich immer mehr zu einem weltweiten Problem. Adipositas ist eine chronische Krankheit und prädisponiert für viele weitere Erkrankungen. Es gibt vielfältige Ursachen für die Entstehung von Übergewicht. Eine wichtige Komponente spielt die Vererbung. Um den genetischen Hintergrund der Adipositas besser zu verstehen, werden genomweite Assoziationsstudien durchgeführt. Diese Analysen identifizierten bisher über 100 Genloci, die mit der Adipositas in Verbindung gebracht werden konnten. Weitere Forschungsarbeiten befassen sich mit der Hypothese, dass Polymorphismen der adipositasassoziierten Gene das Ansprechen auf Behandlungsansätze beeinflussen könnten. 90 % aller Varianten des Humangenoms bestehen aus Einzelnukleotid-Polymorphismen, auch „single nucleotide polymorphisms“ (SNPs) genannt. Diese Genvarianten können mit einem bestimmten Phänotyp bzw. einer Krankheit assoziiert werden. Inwieweit sich SNPs auf den Energiestoffwechsel und die Regulation des Körpergewichts auswirken, ist noch nicht vollständig aufgeklärt. Dennoch wird vermutet, dass der Genotyp einen Einfluss auf die Entstehung, sowie den Behandlungserfolg von Adipositas ausübt. Individuen unterscheiden sich während einer kalorienreduzierten Diät oder nach einem bariatrischen Eingriff im Ausmaß der Gewichtsabnahme. SNPs könnten diese Unterschiede erklären. Welche Genvarianten sich als genotypische Marker im Vorfeld einer Gewichtsreduktion eignen und inwiefern sich dadurch der Erfolg prognostizieren lässt, werden jedoch zukünftige Forschungen zeigen müssen. Mit diesem Wissen könnte die bestmögliche Adipositastherapie für jeden einzelnen Patienten durchgeführt werden. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über aktuelle Studien, die den Zusammenhang von Genvarianten und Gewichtsverlust im Rahmen einer Adipositastherapie untersucht haben.
Apoptosis and Caspase 3 Pathway Role on Anti-Proliferative Effects of Scrophulariaoxy Sepala Methanolic Extract on Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Namvaran Ali , Fazeli Mehdi , Farajnia Safar , Hamidian Gholamreza , Rezazadeh Hassan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractColorectal cancer is one the most important malignancies worldwide and finding new treatment option for this cancer is of high priority. Natural compounds are common source of drugs for treatment of various diseases including cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Scrophularia oxysepala extract on Caco-2 cells and explore the possible role of caspase 3 pathway in inducing cell death in this cancer cells in compare with chemotherapy agents of cisplatin and capecitabine. The methanolic extract of Scrophularia oxysepala (SO) was prepared by drench method. The IC50 of extract, cisplatin and capecitabine on Caco-2 cells were determined by MTT assay. The effect of SO extract on caspase 3 expression and inducing apoptosis were determined using TUNEL assay and caspase 3 ELISA methods, respectively. The IC50 of SO extract, cisplatin and capecitabine were 300, 195 and 80 µg/ml, respectively. Analysis for apoptosis revealed that SO methanolic extract increased apoptosis significantly (P<0.001) compared with control group. The effect of high doses of SO extract on apoptosis induction were comparable to cisplatin but significantly were higher than capecitabine. Only high doses of SO methanolic extract showed significant effects (P<0.05) on increasing caspase 3 compared to control group. The methanolic extract of SO showed inhibitory effect on Caco-2 cells and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner comparable to cisplatin and higher than capecitabine 2 commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for various cancers.
Cremophor EL Alters the Plasma Protein Binding and Pharmacokinetic Profile of Valspodar in Rats
Authors: Binkhathlan Ziyad 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCremophor EL is a nonionic surfactant widely used in pharmaceutical formulations. Nonetheless, there are several reports on the influence of this excipient on the protein binding, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of drugs. Valspodar is an investigational non-immunosuppressive derivative of cyclosporine A, used in clinical trials for treatment of multidrug resistant tumors. The formulation of valspodar (Amdray®) contains cremophor EL and ethanol as solubilizing agents. The main aim of the current study was to assess the plasma protein binding (in vitro) and the pharmacokinetic profile of valspodar in the cremophor EL-based formulation in comparison to a cremophor EL-free formulation following intravenous (i. v.) administration to rats. Valspodar dissolved in PEG 400/ethanol (diluted in Dextrose 5%) was used as the cremophor EL-free formulation. The in vitro plasma unbound fraction (f
u) of valspodar in the cremophor EL formulation was 2.3-fold higher than the PEG 400/ethanol formulation. Following a single i. v. dose of 5 mg/kg, valspodar in the cremophor EL-based formulation had around 50% lower plasma AUC compared to the PEG 400/ethanol formulation. Moreover, the cremophor EL formulation had significantly higher volume of distribution and clearance in comparison to the PEG 400-based formulation. The results highlight the significance of excipient-drug interaction that should not be overlooked during the early stages of drug development.
Using word n-grams to identify authors and idiolects
Authors: Wright David 
Published: June 2017

AbstractForensic authorship attribution is concerned with identifying the writers of anonymous criminal documents. Over the last twenty years, computer scientists have developed a wide range of statistical procedures using a number of different linguistic features to measure similarity between texts. However, much of this work is not of practical use to forensic linguists who need to explain in reports or in court why a particular method of identifying potential authors works. This paper sets out to address this problem using a corpus linguistic approach and the 176-author 2.5 million-word Enron Email Corpus. Drawing on literature positing the idiolectal nature of collocations, phrases and word sequences, this paper tests the accuracy of word n-grams in identifying the authors of anonymised email samples. Moving beyond the statistical analysis, the usage-based concept of entrenchment is offered as a means by which to account for the recurring and distinctive production of idiolectal word n-grams.
Discourse markers and (dis)fluency in English and French
Authors: Crible Ludivine 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWhile discourse markers (DMs) and (dis)fluency have been extensively studied in the past as separate phenomena, corpus-based research combining large-scale yet fine-grained annotations of both categories has, however, never been carried out before. Integrating these two levels of analysis, while methodologically challenging, is not only innovative but also highly relevant to the investigation of spoken discourse in general and form-meaning patterns in particular. The aim of this paper is to provide corpus-based evidence of the register-sensitivity of DMs and other disfluencies (e.g. pauses, repetitions) and of their tendency to combine in recurrent clusters. These claims are supported by quantitative findings on the variation and combination of DMs with other (dis)fluency devices in DisFrEn, a richly annotated and comparable English-French corpus representative of eight different interaction settings. The analysis uncovers the prominent place of DMs within (dis)fluency and meaningful association patterns between forms and functions, in a usage-based approach to meaning-in-context.
Materiality and sustainability transitions: integrating climate change in transport infrastructure in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Birch Kean 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Infrastructure threatens to lock-in societies to fossil fuels unless something is done now. This is because infrastructure lasts for such a long time, meaning that any infrastructure built or rebuilt now will last well into the twenty-first century – until the end of the century, in some cases. Consequently, there is a need to integrate climate change into infrastructure now or societies will be left with infrastructure designed around unsustainable socio-technical systems (such as combustion engines, roads, and suburbanization). Such change is conceptualized in the literature as a sustainability transition. However, any attempts at such transitions have to address the ‘materialities’ of infrastructure systems (physical form, environmental context, and so on). In this paper, I develop the concept of ‘socio-material systems’ and apply it to transport infrastructure in Ontario, Canada.
FactorNet: a deep learning framework for predicting cell type specific transcription factor binding from nucleotide-resolution sequential data
Authors: Quang Daniel , Xie Xiaohui 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDue to the large numbers of transcription factors (TFs) and cell types, querying binding profiles of all TF/cell type pairs is not experimentally feasible, owing to constraints in time and resources. To address this issue, we developed a convolutional-recurrent neural network model, called FactorNet, to computationally impute the missing binding data. FactorNet trains on binding data from reference cell types to make accurate predictions on testing cell types by leveraging a variety of features, including genomic sequences, genome annotations, gene expression, and single-nucleotide resolution sequential signals, such as DNase I cleavage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first deep learning method to study the rules governing TF binding at such a fine resolution. With FactorNet, a researcher can perform a single sequencing assay, such as DNase-seq, on a cell type and computationally impute dozens of TF binding profiles. This is an integral step for reconstructing the complex networks underlying gene regulation. While neural networks can be computationally expensive to train, we introduce several novel strategies to significantly reduce the overhead. By visualizing the neural network models, we can interpret how the model predicts binding which in turn reveals additional insights into regulatory grammar. We also investigate the variables that affect cross-cell type predictive performance to explain why the model performs better on some TF/cell types than others, and offer insights to improve upon this field. Our method ranked among the top four teams in the ENCODE-DREAMin vivoTranscription Factor Binding Site Prediction Challenge.
Application of High-Dimensional Statistics and Network based Visualization techniques on Arab Diabetes and Obesity data
Authors: Mall Raghvendra , Rawi Reda , Ullah Ehsan , Kunji Khalid , Khadir Abdelkrim , Tiss Ali , Abubaker Jehad , Dehbi Mohammed , Bensmail Halima 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundObesity and its co-morbidities are characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, uncontrolled expression of metabolic measurements and dis-regulation of various forms of stress response. However, the contribution and correlation of inflammation, metabolism and stress responses to the disease are not fully elucidated. In this paper a cross-sectional case study was conducted on clinical data comprising 117 human male and female subjects with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). Characteristics such as anthropometric, clinical and bio-chemical measurements were collected.MethodsAssociation of these variables with T2D and BMI were assessed using penalized hierarchical linear and logistic regression. In particular,elastic net, hdiandglinternetwere used as regularization models to distinguish between cases and controls. Differential network analysis usingclosed-formapproach was performed to identify pairwise-interaction of variables that influence prediction of the phenotype.ResultsFor the 117 participants, physical variables such as PBF, HDL and TBW had absolute coefficients 0.75, 0.65 and 0.34 using theglinternetapproach, biochemical variables such as MIP, ROS and RANTES were identified as determinants of obesity with some interaction between inflammatory markers such as IL4, IL-6, MIP, CSF, Eotaxin and ROS. Diabetes was associated with a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) which are considered as an index of endogenous lipid peroxidation and an increase in two inflammatory markers, MIP-1 and RANTES. Furthermore, we obtained 13 pairwise effects. The pairwise effects include pairs from and within physical, clinical and biochemical features, in particular metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers.ConclusionsWe showcase that markers of oxidative stress (derived from lipid peroxidation) such as MIP-1 and RANTES participate in the pathogenesis of diseases such as diabetes and obesity in the Arab population.
A platform for efficient transgenesis inMacrostomum lignano, a flatworm model organism for stem cell research
Authors: Wudarski Jakub , Simanov Daniil , Ustyantsev Kirill , Mulder Katrien de , Grelling Margriet , Grudniewska Magda , Beltman Frank , Glazenburg Lisa , Demircan Turan , Wunderer Julia , Qi Weihong , Vizoso Dita B. , Weissert Philipp M. , Olivieri Daniel , Mouton Stijn , Guryev Victor , Aboobaker Aziz , Schärer Lukas , Ladurner Peter , Berezikov Eugene 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTRegeneration-capable flatworms are informative research models to study the mechanisms of stem cell regulation, regeneration and tissue patterning. However, the lack of transgenesis methods significantly hampers their wider use. Here we report development of a transgenesis method forMacrostomum lignano, a basal flatworm with excellent regeneration capacity. We demonstrate that microinjection of DNA constructs into fertilized one-cell stage eggs, followed by a low dose of irradiation, frequently results in random integration of the transgene in the genome and its stable transmission through the germline. To facilitate selection of promoter regions for transgenic reporters, we assembled and annotated theM. lignanogenome, including genome-wide mapping of transcription start regions, and showed its utility by generating multiple stable transgenic lines expressing fluorescent proteins under several tissue-specific promoters. The reported transgenesis method and annotated genome sequence will permit sophisticated genetic studies on stem cells and regeneration usingM. lignanoas a model organism.
Team boundary activity: a review and directions for future research
Authors: Dey Chitra , M.P. Ganesh 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is an examination of the literature on team boundary activity to trace how team boundary activity has evolved as a construct and examine the dimensions of team boundary activity and their relationships. It highlights the need for a deeper examination of the dimensions of buffering and reinforcement, and why buffering and reinforcement are required. It presents the case of why it is important to study this topic and maps out areas for future research.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews conceptual and empirical papers published on team boundary activity in reputed journals between the years 1984 and 2016.FindingsThe focus of research in team boundary activity has been on external interactions of the team (boundary spanning), and very few papers have studied the activities through which the team defines and defends its borders (boundary strengthening). These boundary-strengthening activities can be equally important for innovation and learning in externally dependent teams. Further, there is a need to clearly distinguish these constructs from other variables like team identification. Another area that has here-to not been researched is the relationships between the dimensions of team boundary activity. Last, there is a need to consider a wider range of antecedents, outcomes and moderators of team boundary activity.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is based on past empirical and conceptual papers, identified using search terms such as team boundary activity, team boundary spanning and external communication. Other related areas can also be explored for identifying variables of interest.Originality/valueAs opposed to previous reviews which focused mainly on team boundary spanning, this paper considers all dimensions of team boundary activity, with special focus on buffering and reinforcement. It proposes a 2 × 2 framework to explain the effect of boundary-spanning and boundary-strengthening activities on the achievement of team objectives. It examines the cyclical nature of relationship between team boundary activity and team performance. It highlights measurement issues in the area of team boundary activity.
Groups and teams: a review of bad apple behavior
Authors: Jaikumar Saravana , Mendonca Avina 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this conceptual paper is to broaden the understanding of the three negative member (bad apple) behaviors – withholding of effort, interpersonal deviance and negative affect – put forth by Felps et al. (2006).

Design/methodology/approach
An integrative review of extant literature was conducted to understand the impact of the negative member behaviors on other team members. Potential interventions to control this bad apple behavior are identified with supporting evidence from recent empirical studies.

Findings
A review of empirical findings in the literature indicate that perceived coworker loafing may lead to counterproductive work behavior toward coworkers and interpersonal deviance may affect the task cohesion of the group. However, the presence of affectively negative individuals is empirically proven to improve the group performance, especially when the group task is related to creativity or information processing (decision-making and idea generation).

Originality/value
Despite the empirical attention paid to “bad apple” behaviors, the implications for managing negative member behaviors are unclear and scattered. In this paper, building on the framework proposed by Felps et al. (2006), the authors focus on three behaviors and provide a concise review of literature and interventions to control or exploit these behaviors.
Contrastive Feature Hierarchies in Old English Diachronic Phonology
Authors: Dresher B. Elan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article looks at the origins and uses of contrastive hierarchies in Old English diachronic phonology, with a focus on the development of West Germanic vowel systems. I begin with a rather enigmatic remark in Richard Hogg'sA grammar of Old English(1992), and attempt to trace its provenance. We will find that the trail leads back to analyses by some prominent scholars that make use of contrastive feature hierarchies. However, these analyses often appear without context or supporting framework. I will attempt to provide the missing framework and historical context for these analyses, while showing their value for understanding the development of phonological systems. I will show that behind these apparently isolated analyses there is a substantial theoretical edifice that once held a central role in synchronic as well as diachronic phonological theory, and which is still capable of providing insights into the workings of phonology.
Adherence to treatment in patients with Behçet's disease
Authors: Khabbazi Alireza , Karkon Shayan Farid , Ghojazadeh Morteza , Kavandi Hadise , Hajialiloo Mehrzad , Esalat Manesh Kamal , Kolahi Sousan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimBehçet's disease (BD) is a chronic, inflammatory disease with multisystem involvement. Adherence to treatment is low in chronic diseases as well as inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This study assessed factors associated with non‐adherence to treatment in patients with BD.MethodsAll the patients with BD who visited in the outpatient clinic of Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were included in the study. Adherence to treatment was evaluated by the consideration of medication compliance and appointment‐keeping behavior. The relationships between adherence rate and six groups of variables were examined. A regression analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 137 patients (84 male and 53 female) were included. Totally, 50.7% of the patients were non‐adherent to treatment. Side effects of medications and the high cost of treatment were the most frequent causes of non‐adherence. Non‐adherence was significantly more common in men, patients with low income, patients who were unaware of the disease complications, employed persons, and in patients who were on treatment with non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).ConclusionsNon‐adherence is common in patients with BD. Male sex, low income, low knowledge about the disease, being employed and being on treatment with NSAIDs are the main risk factors for non‐adherence.
POLITICS AND THE PEOPLE: WHAT COUNTS AS EVIDENCE?
Authors: WISEMAN T. P. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This contribution vindicates Fergus Millar's argument in The Crowd in Rome in the Late Republic (1998) against critics who assume a priori that the republic was always and necessarily a hierarchical society ruled by an oligarchy, and that the populus Romanus had no time for politics and no interest in it. The method followed is traditionally empirical. Close attention is paid to the primary evidence and what it implies, in order to test two hypotheses: that in late-republican Rome the ludi scaenici were the occasion for popular politics, and that stage performances may have influenced later historians' political narratives.