bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propofol‐induced downregulation of NR2B membrane translocation in hippocampus and spatial memory deficits of neonatal mice
Authors: Wang Yuzhu , Han Song , Han Ruquan , Su Yue , Li Junfa 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundThousands of infants and children are undergoing anesthesia around the world every day. But impacts of anesthetics on the developing neural system remain unclear yet. Previous evidence showed that anesthesia might affect the developing neural system. Thus, early‐life anesthesia becomes a critical issue in clinical pediatric practice. Hence, propofol, a short‐acting and widely applied intravenous anesthetic, has been gaining focus upon neonatal anesthesia.MethodsFifty‐four male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into following three groups: group D6 intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected propofol (100 mg/kg body weight) once a day from postnatal day 6 (P6) to P11, group D1 administrated propofol (100 mg/kg, i.p.) at P6 solely and administrated normal saline (10 ml/kg, i.p.) from P7 to P11, and group N treated with normal saline (10 ml/kg, i.p.) from P6 to P11 as the control (n = 18 per group). Then, at P28, nine mice were collected randomly from each group for NR2B membrane translocation and phosphorylation analysis, and the rest half in each group were assigned to perform Morris water maze tests from P28 to P35.ResultsResults showed that total protein expression levels of NR2B increased (p < .001) while its membrane translocation decreased (p < .001, n = 9 per group) in the hippocampus but not in the prefrontal cortex of neonatal mice after repeated propofol administration. Phosphorylation levels of NR2B at serine 1303 (D1: p < .05; D6: p < .001, n = 9 per group) and serine 1480 (D1: p < .01, D6: p < .001, n = 9 per group) increased significantly as well in the hippocampus compared with group N. In addition, memory deficits (p < .05, n = 9 per group) were observed in Morris water maze tests of group D6 mice.ConclusionsThese results suggested that propofol exposure downregulates NR2B membrane translocation and causes spatial memory deficits, with a mediated increased NR2B protein expression and phosphorylation at Ser1303/1480 residues in the hippocampus of neonatal mice.
A case of penta X syndrome caused by nondisjunction in maternal meiosis 1 and 2
Authors: Markholt Sara , Graakjaer Jesper , Thim Signe Bødker , Høst Bente , Skytte Anne‐Bine 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageThe prenatal abnormalities in patients with penta X syndrome appear late in pregnancy and are nonspecific. In contrast, the postnatal phenotype is well described although new findings are still revealed. Penta X syndrome is a result of successive nondisjunctions of the X chromosomes in both maternal meiotic divisions.
Barber‐say syndrome: a confirmed case of TWIST2 gene mutation
Authors: Yohannan Mulakkan David , Hilgeman Jennifer , Allsbrook Katlin 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageBarber‐Say syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by hypertrichosis, redundant skin, and facial dysmorphism. TWIST2 gene mutation previously described in this syndrome was identified in our patient. Genetic testing is recommended in patients presenting with these phenotypic abnormalities, along with their parents, to establish de novo or inherited mutations.
A case of reversible drug‐induced liver failure
Authors: Ansari Mohammad , Arshed Sabrina , Islam Mohammed , Sen Shuvendu , Yousif Abdalla 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageAcute fulminant liver failure and acute renal failure are devastating complications caused by many drugs. The use of N‐acetylcysteine has been well established in acetaminophen toxicity, but it remains controversial in other cases. Dialysis is a very effective method of removing certain drugs from the system. With the invention of new street drugs such as “synthetic marijuana,” it may be beneficial in patients whom the substances ingested are unknown. We report a case of a 42‐year‐old male who developed acute fulminant hepatic failure and acute renal failure, who was cured with dialysis, N‐acetylcysteine, and other supportive measures.
Hydrogen Production from Bioethanol: Behavior of a Carbon Oxide Preferential Oxidation Catalyst
Authors: Aliaga Florencia , Iglesias Ignacio , Tejeda Roberto , Laborde Miguel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHydrogen is recognized as a promising green energy source, particularly when used to feed a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Here, hydrogen was obtained by bioethanol steam reforming with CO and CO2 as primary sub products. Since the cell anode is extremely sensitive to poisoning with CO, water‐gas shift (WGS) and carbon oxide preferential oxidation (COPROX) reactors were employed for hydrogen purification. Catalysts prepared by our lab were tested at pilot plant scale in both the reformer and COPROX unit, where different active phase distributions, stoichiometric excess of air, and reaction temperatures were tested. The use of two different COPROX units with intermediate air injection was also considered. The as‐prepared catalysts showed good stability and performance.
Is it safe to bring myself to work? Understanding LGBTQ experiences of workplace dignity
Authors: Baker Sara J. , Lucas Kristen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDespite increased efforts by more organizations to be seen as “gay‐friendly,” workplaces remain challenging sites for LGBTQ employees to navigate. We examine the ways in which LGBTQ employees experience dignity threats in the workplace and the protection strategies they use to deflect those threats. Interviews with 36 LGBTQ working adults revealed that their dignity is threatened by a range of identity‐sensitive inequalities that undermine their safety and security when they claim authentic gendered/sexual identities. Specific safety and security threats to dignity include social harm, autonomy violations, career harm, and physical harm. To (re)claim their dignity, they engage in four primary dignity protection strategies: avoiding harm by seeking safe spaces, deflecting harm with sexual identity management, offsetting identity devaluations by emphasizing instrumental value, and creating safe spaces for authenticity and dignity. Copyright © 2017 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Flow‐aligned, single‐shot fiber diffraction using a femtosecond X‐ray free‐electron laser
Authors: Popp David , Loh N. Duane , Zorgati Habiba , Ghoshdastider Umesh , Liow Lu Ting , Ivanova Magdalena I. , Larsson Mårten , DePonte Daniel P. , Bean Richard , Beyerlein Kenneth R. , Gati Cornelius , Oberthuer Dominik , Arnlund David , Brändén Gisela , Berntsen Peter , Cascio Duilio , Chavas Leonard M. G. , Chen Joe P. J. , Ding Ke , Fleckenstein Holger , Gumprecht Lars , Harimoorthy Rajiv , Mossou Estelle , Sawaya Michael R. , Brewster Aaron S. , Hattne Johan , Sauter Nicholas K. , Seibert Marvin , Seuring Carolin , Stellato Francesco , Tilp Thomas , Eisenberg David S. , Messerschmidt Marc , Williams Garth J. , Koglin Jason E. , Makowski Lee , Millane Rick P. , Forsyth Trevor , Boutet Sébastien , White Thomas A. , Barty Anton , Chapman Henry , Chen Swaine L. , Liang Mengning , Neutze Richard , Robinson Robert C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA major goal for X‐ray free‐electron laser (XFEL) based science is to elucidate structures of biological molecules without the need for crystals. Filament systems may provide some of the first single macromolecular structures elucidated by XFEL radiation, since they contain one‐dimensional translational symmetry and thereby occupy the diffraction intensity region between the extremes of crystals and single molecules. Here, we demonstrate flow alignment of as few as 100 filaments (Escherichia coli pili, F‐actin, and amyloid fibrils), which when intersected by femtosecond X‐ray pulses result in diffraction patterns similar to those obtained from classical fiber diffraction studies. We also determine that F‐actin can be flow‐aligned to a disorientation of approximately 5 degrees. Using this XFEL‐based technique, we determine that gelsolin amyloids are comprised of stacked β‐strands running perpendicular to the filament axis, and that a range of order from fibrillar to crystalline is discernable for individual α‐synuclein amyloids.
Robust nondimensional estimators to assess the nasal airflow in health and disease
Authors: Sanmiguel‐Rojas E. , Burgos M. A. , del Pino C. , Sevilla‐García M. A. , Esteban‐Ortega F. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThere are significant variations of both human nose shapes and airflow patterns inside nasal cavities, so it is difficult to provide a comprehensive medical identification using a universal template for what otolaryngologists consider normal breathing at rest. In addition, airflow patterns present even more random characteristics in diseased nasal cavities. To give a medical assessment to differentiate the nasal cavities in health and disease, we propose 2 nondimensional estimators obtained from both medical images and computational fluid dynamics. The first mathematical estimator ϕ is a function of geometric features and potential asymmetries between nasal passages, while the second estimator R represents in fluid mechanics terms the total nasal resistance that corresponds to the atmosphere‐choana pressure drop. These estimators only require global information such as nasal geometry and magnitudes of flow determined by simulations under laminar conditions. We find that these estimators take low and high values for healthy and diseased nasal cavities, respectively. Our study, based on 24 healthy and 25 diseased Caucasian subjects, reveals that there is an interval of values associated with healthy cavities that clusters in a small region of the plane ϕ−R. Therefore, these estimators can be seen as a first approximation to provide nasal airflow data to the clinician in a noninvasive method, as the computed tomography scan that provides the required images is routinely obtained as a result of the preexisting naso‐sinusal condition.
Painful decisions: How classifying sensations can change the experience of pain
Authors: van der Meulen M.A. , Anton F. , Petersen S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundCategorizing perceptual stimuli is a mechanism for facilitating the processing of sensory input from our environment. This facilitation of perception is achieved through generalization (assimilation) of stimulus characteristics within categories and accentuation between categories. These categorization processes have been demonstrated in visual, auditory, tactile and social perception, but never in pain perception.MethodWe presented participants with six thermal noxious stimuli, increasing in steps of 0.5 °C. In an experimental group, stimuli were assigned to two categories labelled A and B containing the three lower (A1, A2, A3) and three higher (B1, B2, B3) stimuli. A control group did not receive such category information (stimuli were labelled S1–S6). In a first part of the experiment, participants simply rated pain intensity and unpleasantness for all stimuli. In a second part, we presented stimuli without labels and participants had to identify the label of each stimulus.ResultsWe found evidence for categorization effects in both pain ratings and stimulus identification data. In particular, unpleasantness ratings within categories were more similar to each other, and ratings between categories less similar, in the experimental compared to control group. Participants in the experimental group also confused stimuli more often within than between categories, and were more confident about category membership of stimuli at the category border, compared to participants in the control group.ConclusionsMere category information, using abstract category labels, significantly changes pain perception. Implications for our understanding of cognitive pain modulation mechanisms, as well as clinical implications of categorization effects are discussed.SignificanceCategorization effects in pain perception are demonstrated. Classifying and labelling painful events can modulate early perceptual processes, lead to under‐ or overestimation of pain symptoms and affect decision‐making behaviour related to pain.
Towards a science and practice of resilience in the face of pain
Authors: Goubert L. , Trompetter H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe primary objective of this paper is to discuss how a resilience approach to (chronic) pain may advance our current understanding of (mal)adaptation to pain. Different resilience perspectives are described, and future challenges for research, prevention and treatment of (chronic) pain are discussed. Literature searches were performed in Web of Science and PubMed to identify relevant literature on risk and resilience in the context of pain. Resilience can be best defined as the ability to restore and sustain living a fulfilling life in the presence of pain. The Psychological Flexibility Model, the Broaden‐and‐Build Theory, and Self‐Determination Theory are described as theories that may provide insight into resilience within the context of (chronic) pain. We describe how a resilience paradigm shifts the outcomes to pursue in pain research and intervention and argue the need for including positive outcomes in addition to negative outcomes. Psychological flexibility, positive affect and basic psychological needs satisfaction are described as potentially important resilience mechanisms with the potential to target both sustainability and recovery from pain. A resilience approach to chronic pain may have important implications for the prevention and treatment of chronic pain problems, as it may give specific indications on how to empower patients to continue living a fulfilling life (in the presence of pain).SignificanceThe resilience approach put forward in this review spotlights sustainability of positive outcomes (e.g. engagement in meaningful activities) in the presence of pain as an outcome to pursue beyond recovery of negative outcomes. We illuminate the evidence‐base and practical application of promising resilience mechanisms (positive emotions, psychological flexibility, needs satisfaction).For this article, a commentary is available at the Wiley Online Library
Clinimetric properties of the Nociception Coma Scale (‐Revised): A systematic review
Authors: Vink P. , Lucas C. , Maaskant J.M. , van Erp W.S. , Lindeboom R. , Vermeulen H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Nociception Coma Scale is a nociception behaviour observation tool, developed specifically for patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) due to (acquired) brain injury. Over the years, the clinimetric properties of the NCS and its revised version (NCS‐R) have been assessed, but no formal summary of these properties has been made. Therefore, we performed a systematic review on the clinimetric properties (i.e. reliability, validity, responsiveness and interpretability) of the NCS(‐R). We systematically searched CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo and Web of Science until August 2015. Two reviewers independently selected the clinimetric studies and extracted data with a structured form. Included studies were appraised on quality with the COSMIN checklist. Eight studies were found eligible and were appraised with the COSMIN checklist. Although nearly all studies lacked sample size calculation, and were executed by the same group of authors, the methodological quality ranged from fair to excellent. Important aspects of reliability, construct validity and responsiveness have been studied in depth and with sufficient methodological quality. The overview of clinimetric properties in this study shows that the NCS and NCS‐R are both valid and useful instruments to assess nociceptive behaviour in DOC patients. The studies provide guidance for the choice in NCS‐R cut‐off value for possible pain treatment and cautions awareness of interprofessional differences in NCS‐R measurements.SignificanceThis systematic review provides a structured overview of the clinimetric properties of the Nociception Coma Scale (‐Revised) and provides insights for a solid evidence‐based nociception behaviour assessment and treatment plan.
Temperature‐dependent extraction kinetics of hydrolyzed collagen from scales of croaker fish using thermal extraction
Authors: Olatunji Ololade , Denloye Adetokunbo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the kinetics of hydrolyzed collagen extraction from the scales of the croaker fish (Pseudotolitus elongatus) at temperature ranging from 60°C to 90°C. Extraction was carried out using hydrothermal treatment over a period of 8 hr, during which the mass of hydrolyzed collagen extracted was obtained every hour. The rate order of extraction was temperature‐dependent within the times investigated. At 60°C no measurable extraction was achieved, between 70°C and 80°C the extraction was a zero order while at 90°C and 100°C the extraction was a first order process. The rate constants for 70, 80, 90 and 100°C were 0.56 g s−1, 1.03 g s−1, 0.019 s−1 and 0.04 s‐1, respectively. The overall yield increased as temperature is increased with the highest increase in yield occurring between 90 and 100°C. The yield increased from 6% at 70°C to 30% at 100°C, thus indicating that temperature has significant effect on the yield as well as kinetics. These findings are relevant in the predictive assessment as well as design and optimization of processes for extraction of hydrolyzed collagen from fish scales.
Effects of water on epoxy cure kinetics and glass transition temperature utilizing molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Sharp Nathan , Li Chunyu , Strachan Alejandro , Adams Douglas , Pipes R. Byron 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTEffects of water on epoxy cure kinetics are investigated. Experimental tests show that absorbed water in an uncured bisphenol‐F/diethyl‐toluene‐diamine epoxy system causes an increase in cure rate at low degrees of cure and a decrease in cure rate at high degrees of cure. Molecular simulations of the same epoxy system indicate that the initial increase in cure rate is due to an increase in molecular self‐diffusion of the epoxy molecules in the presence of water. Effects of water on the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the crosslinked thermoset are also studied. Both experiments and simulations show that water decreases Tg. Both types of results indicate that Tg effects are small below 1% water by weight, but that Tg depression occurs much quickly with increasing water content above 1%. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1150–1159
Properties of In situ polymerized poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/alumina composites for energy storage applications
Authors: Saborío Mari Cruz G. , Estrany Francesc , Alemán Carlos 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTComposites formed by poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) and alumina (PEDOT/Al2O3) have been prepared by in situ anodic polymerization. For this purpose, the stability of 1:1 and 4:1 monomer:alumina aqueous solutions has been examined as a function of the pH (2.3, 4.0, 7.0, 8.8, or 10.8). Results indicate that the monomer behaves as a dispersant that remains stable at the studied basic pHs despite they are close to the isoelectric point of alumina. Although the thermal stability of the composites is considerably affected by the pH of the reaction medium, its influence on the surface morphology is very small. Independently, of the synthetic conditions, the electrochemical properties were better for PEDOT/Al2O3 than for pure PEDOT, reflecting that alumina particles promote the charge mobility. The highest specific capacitance (SC; 141 F/g), which was 55% higher than that obtained for pure PEDOT, was achieved for the composite prepared at pH = 8.8 using a 4:1 monomer:alumina ratio. These conditions favor the participation of OH– groups as secondary doping agents without degrading the polymer matrix and enhance the specific surface of the films, facilitating the ionic mobility. On the other hand, application of a multi‐step polymerization strategy has shown that interfaces originated by consecutive steps enhance the SC. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1131–1141
55‐3: Invited Paper: Delivering Content for HDR
Authors: Brendel Harald 
Published: June 2017

In 2016, every major manufacturer revealed High Dynamic Range (HDR)‐compatible TVs. The technology promises a major improvement of the quality of images delivered to consumers. The goal of HDR technology is not to simply increase the contrast of existing images but to display more tonal details in the shadows and highlights. In combination with higher brightness levels and a larger color gamut, more realistic and captivating images are created.Current industry standards demand a contrast of 20000:1 or better for HDR displays opposed to about 1000:1 for traditional displays. This raises the requirements for the dynamic range of cameras used to produce HDR content. The ARRI ALEXA camera, released in 2010, is based on a sensor that has a dynamic range (ratio of full‐well capacity to read‐out noise) of approx. 30000:1. This very high range is achieved by a combination of a dual‐gain pixel architecture and an elaborate sensor calibration procedure. Without effective correction of nonuniformities, the usable dynamic range of the complete sensor may be less than the dynamic range of its single pixels. While existing workflows in motion‐picture and digital video are suitable to produce HDR content there are no well‐established procedures for the evaluation of the performance of digital cameras. An outline of such a procedure is proposed.
P‐87: A Novel Method for Measuring Optical Performance of AR/VR Displays
Authors: Mou Xi , Xu Chenzi , Mou Tongsheng 
Published: June 2017

The measurement of optical performance such as luminance, chromaticity for augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) display is significantly different from that of conventional real display. The spatial coordinates of the virtual image need to be described with a V‐H angular coordinate system. The image beam to be measured at each viewing field comes through exit pupil of the virtual imaging device, which is difficult for the measurement of the virtual image by traditional luminance meters.In this paper, we proposed a new optical measurement system which simulates the imaging mechanism of the human eye. A 5mm aperture is placed in front of the focal point of the imaging lens of the luminance meter, which works as the entrance pupil of the luminance meter and is fit to inside of the exit pupil of the virtual imaging device, and the field of view (FOV) keep constant at different imaging distances. The combination of a spectrometer and a CCD imaging device is equipped to determine the optical and image parameters of AR/VR displays.
Diagrid structural systems for tall buildings: Changing pattern configuration through topological assessments
Authors: Angelucci Giulia , Mollaioli Fabrizio 
Published: June 2017

SummaryDiagrid structural systems have been widely adopted for high‐rise buildings in the last decades, due to their structural efficiency and architectural potentials. The paper gives a comprehensive outline of the peculiarities of diagrids, providing a complete framework of their mechanical behaviour and investigates the accuracy of the assumptions used in common practice. The study explores, firstly, the effectiveness of the stiffness‐based methodology for optimal (69°) and nonoptimal (82°) diagonal inclinations, evaluating if the common approach leads to the definition of optimized cross sections in terms of reducing drifts and steel utilization. Subsequently, the paper analyses and compares diagrid models with non‐uniform pattern configuration generated from topological assessments. The authors test the contribution of a hybrid structure combining diagrid and outrigger systems to appraise whether a local increase in the pattern might be advantageous and preferable to a gradual stiffening from the top of the building toward the base.