bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ISOLASI DAN AMPLIFIKASI DNA KELADI TIKUS (<i>Thyponium flagelliform</i>) UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI KERAGAMAN GENETIK
Authors: Hikmatyar Mohamad Fazri , Royani Juwartina Ida , . Dasumiati 
Published: December 2017

Keladi tikus (Typhonium flagelliforme) is one of considerable potential medicinal plants, especially as anticancer herbal medicine. In Indonesia, this plant grows throughout the island of Java, in part of Kalimantan, Sumatra and Papua. The development of Keladi tikus plants to provide raw material to meet public demand is constrained with the quality of the plants that is not standardized yet. DNA marker technique has been widely used for identification of standardization and diversity of varieties. The aims of this research were to isolate DNA from 17 accessions of Keladi tikus from various regions in Indonesia and to amplify the DNA using ISSR primers. The results obtained were 17 accessions of Keladi tikus that had been isolated using the modified CTAB method. Amplifications were done by using SBLT2 and SBLT8 primers that facilitated the appearance of the polymorphism bands on the 17 accessions of Keladi tikus. Thus, SBLT2 and SBLT8 primers can be used to identify genetic variations of Keladi Tikus.Keywords: Typonium flagelliforme, Keladi tikus, ISSR, medicinal plant, amplification ABSTRAKKeladi tikus (Typonium flagelliforme) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang cukup potensial khususnya sebagai obat herbal antikanker. Tanaman ini di Indonesia tersebar di sepanjang Pulau Jawa, sebagian Kalimantan, Sumatera dan Papua. Pengembangan tanaman keladi tikus untuk memenuhi bahan baku kebutuhan masyarakat saat ini terkendala pada mutu tanaman tersebut yang belum terstandar. Teknik penanda DNA telah banyak digunakan untuk standarisasi dan identifikasi keragaman varietas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi DNA dari 17 aksesi Keladi tikus dari berbagai daerah di Indonesia dan mengamplifikasi DNA tersebut dengan primer ISSR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 17 aksesi keladi tikus telah dapat diisolasi dengan menggunakan metode CTAB yang dimodifikasi. Amplifikasi dilakukan dengan primer SBLT2 dan SBLT8 yang mampu memunculkan pita-pita polimorfisme pada ke 17 aksesi Keladi tikus. Primer SBLT2 dan SBLT8 dapat digunakan untuk identifikasi variasi genetic Keladi tikus.Kata Kunci: Keladi tikus, Typonium flagelliforme, ISSR, tanaman obat, amplifikasi
PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI BATANG TUA KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN AIR PANAS BERTEKANAN DAN <i>BALL MILL</i>
Authors: . Suyanto , Matsunaga Kotetsu , Inoue Hiroyuki , Sakanishi Kinya 
Published: December 2017

Bioethanol from oil palm trunk is one important source of energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to avoid competition between the use for food and for energy as happens in other commodities. Pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass using sulfuric acid has high efficiency but requires high cost to neutralize the byproducts formed. Pre-treatment using hot compressed water and ball mill can be used to break down the structure and composition of lignocellulose so as to increase the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis and increase the sugar yield. Hydrolysis using an enzyme cocktail with hot compressed water and ball mill can each produce 210 mg of glucose at a temperature of 220°C and 200 mg of glucose for 120 minutes at room temperature per gram of oil palm trunk. Both of these processes are environmentally friendly and have a high efficiency in the production of bioethanol from oil palm trunks.Keywords: bioethanol, oil palm trunk, ball mill, hot compressed water, hydrolysis ABSTRAKBioetanol dari batang kelapa sawit adalah salah satu sumber energi yang penting untuk mengurangi emisi rumah kaca dan menghindari konflik kepentingan antara kebutuhan bahan pangan dan penggunaan energi sebagaimana terjadi pada komoditas lain. Pengolahan awal biomassa lignoselulosa menggunakan asam sulfat memiliki efisiensi yang tinggi tetapi membutuhkan biaya yang tinggi guna menetralisisr produk samping yang terbentuk. Pengolahan awal menggunakan air panas bertekanan dan ball mill dapat digunakan untuk memecah struktur dan komposisi lignoselulosa sehingga dapat meningkatkan laju hidrolisis enzim dan meningkatkan hasil gula. Hidrolisis menggunakan multienzim dengan air panas bertekanan dan ball mill masing-masing dapat menghasilkan 210 mg glukosa pada suhu 220°C dan 200 mg glukosa selama 120 menit pada suhu kamar per gram batang kelapa sawit. Kedua proses tersebut ramah lingkungan dan memiliki efisiensi yang tinggi pada produksi bioetanol dari batang kelapa sawit.Kata Kunci: bioetanol, batang kelapa sawit, ball mill, air panas bertekanan, hidrolisis
FITOREMEDIASI KANDUNGAN KROMIUM PADA LIMBAH CAIR MENGGUNAKAN TANAMAN AIR
Authors: Safarrida Anna , . Ngadiman , Widada Jaka 
Published: December 2017

Existence of heavy metals in industrial waste is gaining global attention since their negative impact to environment. One of the efforts to solve the problem was to use plant to absorb metal in liquid medium, known as rhizofiltration. This research was aimed to select aquatic plants which showed relative resistantce and susceptibility to chromium. Four species of aquatic plants (Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipes, Lemna minor and Salvinia sp.) were grown in artificial medium (Hoagland) supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 ppm chromium. The plants resistance and absorption toward chromium was observed based on the morphology and chromium content in their biomass. Based on their resistance to and absorption of chromium, the selected plants were tested further in liquid waste of tanning industry. In Hoagland medium, Salvinia sp. demonstrated 67.2% higher resistance and absorption toward chromium while that of P. stratiotes 20.3% lower compared to other plants which were tested. This result could be applicable in reducing such environmental pollutant as the heavy metal chromium from industrial waste. Keywords: Phytoremediation, chromium, Hoagland medium, aquatic plants, liquid waste ABSTRAKLogam berat dalam limbah industri merupakan bahan pencemar lingkungan yang mendapatkan perhatian global. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah memanfaatkan tanaman untuk menyerap logam dalam medium cair atau dikenal sebagai fitoremediasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tanaman air lokal yang tahan dan peka secara relatif terhadap kromium. Empat spesies tanaman air (Pistia stratiotes, Eichhornia crassipes, Lemna minor, dan Salvinia sp.) ditumbuhkan pada medium buatan (Hoagland) yang dipasok kromium 0, 1, 2, 4, dan 8 ppm. Pengujian toleransi tanaman dan serapan terhadap kromium dilakukan berdasarkan pengamatan morfologis serta analisis kadar kromium dalam biomasa. Berdasarkan daya tahan dan serapan kromium, tanaman terseleksi diujikan lebih lanjut dalam limbah cair industri penyamakan kulit. Dalam medium Hoagland, Salvinia sp. mempunyai ketahanan dan serapan kromium lebih tinggi sebesar 67,2% sedangkan P. stratiotes mempunyai ketahanan dan serapan kromium lebih rendah sebesar 20,3% dibandingkan tanaman lain yang diujikan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diterapkan untuk mengurangi bahan pencemar lingkungan berupa logam berat kromium dari limbah industri.Kata Kunci: Fitoremediasi, kromium, medium Hoagland, tanaman air, limbah cair
GROWTH OF CARP (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i> L.) FED WITH RICE BRAN-COCONUT BAGASSE MIXED SUBSTRATE FERMENTED USING <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i>
Authors: Dzul Umam Robby , Sriherwanto Catur , Yunita Etyn , Suja’i Imam 
Published: December 2017

Dedak padi dan ampas kelapa dicampur dengan perbandingan tertentu dan kemudian difermentasi menggunakan Rhizopus oryzae untuk pakan ikan. Uji pemberian pakan lalu dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pakan terhadap pertumbuhan ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio L.). Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 5 perlakuan: satu perlakuan pakan tanpa fermentasi (pakan komersial 100%), dan empat perlakuan pakan fermentasi substrat campuran bekatul dan ampas kelapa dengan empat perbandingan yang berbeda, yakni 75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%, dan 0%:100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan komersial 100% (protein sejati 15,25% dan serat kasar 6,27%) memperlihatkan hasil terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan ikan mas dengan pertambahan bobot badan 2,56 g dan rasio konversi pakan 1,95. Sementara itu pemberian pakan fermentasi (protein sejati berkisar 4,89-9,97% dan serat kasar 22,87-25,70%) hanya menghasilkan pertambahan bobot badan ikan pada kisaran 0,47-0,64 g dengan rasio konversi pakan 2,50-2,64. Dengan demikian pakan fermentasi tersebut mampu mendorong pertumbuhan ikan mas meskipun masih kurang optimal dibandingkan dengan pakan komersial.Kata Kunci: Rhizopus oryzae, Cyprinus carpio, rice bran, coconut bagasse, fermentation ABSTRACTRice bran and coconut bagasse were mixed and then fermented using Rhizopus oryzae for preparing aquafeed. Subsequent feeding test was carried out to determine the effect on the growth of carps (Cyprinus carpio L). Five feeding treatments were employed, one unfermented feed (commercial feed 100%), and the other four feeds produced by fermentation using substrate mixture of rice bran and coconut pulp in four different ratios, namely 75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%, and 0%:100%. The results showed that feeding 100% commercial feed (true protein 15.25% and crude fibre 6.27%) showed the best results on the fish growth with body weight gain of 2.56 g and feed conversion ratio of 1.95. Meanwhile, feeding fermented feeds (true protein 4.89-9.97% and crude fiber 22.87-25.70%) only resulted in body weight gain in the range of 0.47 to 0.64 g with feed conversion ratio of 2.50 to 2.64. Thus, the fermented feeds promoted growth in tested carps albeit less optimally than commercial feed.Keywords: Rhizopus oryzae, Cyprinus carpio, dedak, ampas kelapa, fermentasi
TINJAUAN, D-ASAM AMINO OKSIDASE DARI MIKROBA: PRODUKSI DAN APLIKASI
Authors: Wibisana Ahmad , Mustika Indria Puti 
Published: December 2017

D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) is a flavin adenine dinucleotide-containing enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of amino acid D-isomers with high stereospecificity, which results in α-keto acids, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Having high stereospecificity, DAAO is used in a variety of applications such as drug, biocatalyst, biosensor and preparation of transgenic plants. DAAO is widespread in nature, found in microorganisms to mammals. Microbial DAAO is considered more important than mammalian DAAO for biotechnology application. DAAO production in submerged fermentation is influenced by several factors, such as carbon source, nitrogen source, inducer, dissolve oxygen, temperature and pH. The influence of those factors on DAAO production by microbial origin, DAAO production by microbial recombinant, and its application in biotechnology are discussed in this review.Keywords: Enzyme, DAAO, D-amino acid, production, application ABSTRAKEnzim D-asam amino oksidase (DAAO) merupakan enzim yang mengandung Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide yang bekerja mengkatalisis reaksi oksidasi deaminasi D-asam amino dengan stereospesifisitas yang tinggi menghasilkan α-asam keto, amonia dan hidrogen peroksida. Karena mempunyai karakteristik sreteospesifisitas yang tinggi, enzim DAAO banyak digunakan untuk berbagai aplikasi seperti obat, biokatalis, biosensor dan penyiapan tanaman transgenik. Enzim ini dapat dihasilkan oleh organisme mulai dari bakteri hingga mamalia, namun untuk aplikasi dibidang bioteknologi, enzim DAAO yang berasal dari mikroorganisme dipandang lebih penting dari pada yang berasal dari mamalia. Produksi enzim dari DAAO dari mikroorganisme dalam kultur cair dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti sumber karbon, nitrogen, senyawa penginduksi, oksigen terlarut, temperatur dan pH medium. Pengaruh dari faktor-faktor tersebut terhadap produksi enzim DAAO, produksi enzim DAAO menggunakan mikroba rekombinan serta aplikasinya dalam bidang bioteknologi dibahas dalam tinjauan.Kata Kunci: Enzim, DAAO, D-asam amino, produksi, aplikasi
Avaliação da educação à distância por meio do índice de favorabilidade: um estudo multicaso em três IES privadas
Authors: De Paulo Marina Costa Candido , Costa Danilo De Melo 
Published: December 2017

O presente trabalho tem por finalidade analisar a percepção de alunos de Pós-Graduação lato-sensu em três instituições de ensino superior privadas, localizadas em dois estados diferentes, quanto às ferramentas de Educação à Distância utilizadas em suas respectivas IES, a partir da análise do índice de favorabilidade (IF). Para tanto, foi necessário contextualizar o histórico da modalidade de Educação a Distância (EaD), destacando as ferramentas necessárias à implementação e as vantagens e desvantagens decorrentes da modalidade à distância. Em seguida, foi realizada uma pesquisa com 3929 estudantes de cursos de Pós-Graduação lato-sensu de três Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) que cursam disciplinas oferecidas em EaD. Os resultados apontaram um IF alto em 100% dos itens avaliados na instituição A, 95% na instituição B e um índice médio-alto de 80% na instituição C, concluindo-se uma satisfação geral dos estudantes nas três instituições avaliadas, o que indica certa evolução e uma tendência na aceitação desta modalidade de educação no Brasil. A partir desta constatação, sugere-se a ampliação da modalidade de forma a romper as amarras e atender todo o território nacional, sobretudo as regiões desprovidas economicamente, para que se possa, enfim, democratizar a educação no nosso país.
Pelatihan Kewirausahaan Berlatar Ekokultural untuk Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Miskin Pedesaan
Authors: Wahyudin Uyu 
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this study was to provide an entrepreneurship training model based onthe local culture to empower the rural poor. The goalwas achieved through research and development approach. The results showthat the entrepreneurship training model with an eco-cultural aspect for empowerment of the rural-poorareas should focus on theshaping ofthe public mindset from that of workers to job creators. The substance ofthe material should berelated to ecosystem and cultural elements of the local environment. The images and symbols related to Sundanese’s culture were used as media for learning. The curriculum, teaching materials, strategies and the media for training were developed inthis studybased on the theoretical studies and consultation with experts for the empirical effectiveness of empowering the rural poor.
Status Sosial Ekonomi dan Kualitas Partai Politik dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Politik
Authors: Arwiyah Muhammad Yahya 
Published: December 2017

Voters in Bandung Regency is part of Indonesian people playing an important role in determining policy and organizing lawful lives considering Indonesia is a democratic nation based on constitutions. On other hand, the involvement of citizens in a political life general or regional election was not free from socio-economic status or background of in fact, political participation of citizens was not yet optimum because of the diversity of socio-economic status, the decrease in trust level of citizens forwards ideological line of tehe political parties, and role of paternalistic culture as well as the lack of political education carried on by the political parties.
Pemaknaan, Penyesuaian, dan Komunikasi dalam Perkawinan pada Dosen Perempuan
Authors: Yuliati Nova 
Published: December 2017

This article is based on the role of female lecturer as working women in assigning meaning and building her marriage. Several perspectives were used as theoretical framework, i.e. Phenomenology, and Social Construction of Reality. Subjects for research were purposefully sampled, and consisted of six female lecturer in Unisba. This research employed in-depth interview as data collecting technique. This research has resulted in some findings. Marriage behavior is actually a conscious action, means that it doesn’t exist in one consciousness without special effort to comprehend it. Furthermore, marriage behavior is based on goals which could be clustered to normative, psychological, social and economy goals. Meanwhile, adjustment in marriage appeared on some phases faced by husband and wife as couple. Ideal communication situation was enabled based on support, trust, openness, and proper time.
Penguatan ‘Civic Governance’ melalui Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Proses Penyelenggaraan Pemerintah
Authors: Mulyawan Rahman 
Published: December 2017

This article essentially discusses the governance process which is based on the participation of citizens (the civic governance). The findings of this study show that the strengthening of civic governance has not been optimum yet due to lack of consistency in the implementation of government policies, lack of government’s will to fully support the community as a partner to participate in the governance process, as well as the low level of public participation in the governance process. Based on these findings, the researcher recommend that character building through civic governance model should be optimally and consistently carried out by the government of Bandung Regency with the active participation of society (citizens).
Ancaman terhadap Pengembangan Sistem Pertahanan Sosial Daerah Perbatasan Di Kota Batam
Authors: Asrinaldi Asrinaldi , Yoserizal Yoserizal 
Published: December 2017

Society who lives in the border area faced many problems such as socio-cultural exchange that threatens the existence of ideologies and value systems. Besides, the economic penetration took place in the border areas also had an impact on increasing the activities of transnational crime. However, this facts can also threat the state defense system. This article identifies the threats faced by the society who lives in Batam, that is, economic injustice that led to the strengthening of the labor movement, liberalization encourages transnational crime and the waning of identity in pluralistic society in Batam. This article also found the socio-cultural system is a potential for local community to prevent the threats against the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia. This socio-cultural can increase become social capital for developing a social defense system.
Strategi Komunikasi Politik dan Budaya Transparansi Partai Politik
Authors: Rachmiatie Atie , Hasbiansyah O , Khotimah Ema , Ahmadi Dadi 
Published: December 2017

Freedom of information has become a momentum for the effort to realize good governance and promote democratic governance system in Indonesia. With the enactment of Freedom of Information Law No. 14 of 2008, the public was given access to the right of public information as human right such as guaranteed by law. Public freedom of information should encourage public participation. Political parties as public institutions also have to give information in the service of the public who wish to access any kind of information which is regulated by law. However, based on reports ICW, how difficult political parties provide the information requested by the ICW. This Article examines the political culture, political communication strategies and public freedom of information within the political parties.
Analisis Kemiskinan Menggunakan Model Panel Spasial Statik
Authors: Jajang Jajang , Saefuddin Asep , Mangku I Wayan , Siregar Hermanto 
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this research is to study the effects of GDP, population, employment of junior high school graduated, employment shares of agriculture, industry, trading and services to the number of poor people in Central Java Province. The method used to this modeling is spatial modeling. The results of research show that when GDP, employment shares of industry, trading and services are increase, the number of poor people is decrease. However, when the population, employment share of agriculture and employment of junior high school graduated are increase, the number of poor people is increase. Based on these findings there are some policies should be implemented to reduce the number of poor people, such as improvement of economic growth, improvement of education, controlling the population and employment transformation from agricultural sector to industry, trading and services sectors.
Mengusung Masyarakat Madani Melalui Radio Komunitas
Authors: Chaerowati Dede Lilis , Yuliati Nova , Rochim Mochamad 
Published: December 2017

This article is about the phenomenon of community radio in Pantura Area, West Java. Radio communities maganed by, for and about the community are rapidly developing among the farmers and fishermen, including in Pantura Area, West Java. The focus of the study is the formation of civil society by standing firmly on communicative actions of Jürgen Habermas. By using qualitative method with case study design, a finding would be produced that community radios implement participatory paradigm and manage community cohesion. We will discuss in details on: (1) initiators of the establishment of community radio, (2) forms of community participation, (3) the financing source of community radio, and (4) the construction of civil society through community radio. This article also covers about how the people see the world of life, that there is social transformation through emancipatordialogs, which then produce community’s selfconsciousness as individuals and community members in demanding a domination-free communication process. This reality creates the origination of civil society.
Profil Negosiator Bisnis Wanita Pengusaha
Authors: Hamdan Yusuf , Ratnasari Anne , Hirzi Aziz Taufik 
Published: December 2017

This study is concerning the profile of entrepreneurs women business negotiation skills in marketing products and services. The aim of this research is to determine the ability of business negotiation in order to establish cooperation and competition, the use of verbal and nonverbal messages, as well as inhibiting factors in marketing products and services. The research applied qualitative methods with a single case study approach. Data collected by observation, literature study and through interviews. informants of this research were women who are member of Association of Indonesia Entrepreneurs Women ( IWAPI ) of West Java. The findings of research on the ability of business negotiations to establish cooperation through negotiation phase including exploration, offerings, bargaining, completion, and validation. They did not compete, but they cooperate with others, and had personal characteristics as a strong negotiator, using a clear, concise, and positive meaningful verbal messages, whereas on nonverbal cues they paid attention on facial expression, eye contact, hand gestures, and the use of appropriate clothing. Barriers which were obtained by entrepreneurs women were lack of knowledge of business negotiations, attitude and personality as a reliable negotiator needs to be developed.
Evaluasi tentang Implementasi Kebijakan Pengembangan Kawasan Minapolitan di Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara
Authors: Kamuli Sukarman 
Published: December 2017

This article is to study the policy implementation of Minapolitan area development in Gorontalo Utara Regency. The result of research shows that the implementation of policy of Minapolitan area development had an impact on the change of knowledge, skill, and the attitude of fishermen member of Minapolitan. The changes can be seen in the ability to manage fishing commerce and develop various types of cultivation that is facilitated by local government. Another change is physically visible from the opening of roads and bridges access, telecommunication, and education accesss. Synergy of Working Group as a responsible policy development Minapolitan have not maximized yet, especially in terms of marketing and promotion of the production of fishery products and aquaculture. The existence of koperasi, BRI, and other financial institution have not given an opportunity to the fishermen to get credit for business development.