bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HAKIKAT HATI MENURUT AL-HAKIM AL-TIRMIZI
Authors: ARAFAT AHMAD TAJUDDIN 
Published: January 2017

<div class="Section1"><p><em>Kajia</em><em>n ini menitikberatkan pada telaah atas pemikiran al-Hakim al-Tirmizi perihal hakikat hati yang terdapat dalam karyanya “Bayan al-Farq baina ash-Shadr wa al-Qalb wa al-Fu`ad wa al-Lubb”. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan </em>content analysis <em>ditemukan bahwa dalam karya tersebut terdapat beberapa nilai filosofis yang berkaitan dengan hati dalam rangka menemukan pengetahuan sejati tentang Tuhan. Menurutnya, hati (</em>qalb<em>) merupakan sebuah nama umum yang meliputi beberapa tingkatan (</em>maqāmāt<em>) batin. Di dalam sisi batin tersebut terdapat bagian-bagian yang berupa bagian luar hati dan bagian dalam hati. Dapat dikatakan bahwa nama hati (</em>qalb<em>) merupakan sebuah nama diri (</em>ism al-’ain<em>) yang di dalamnya terdapat beberapa bagian yang masing-masing dapat berfungsi sendiri, sekaligus saling membantu dan saling berkaitan satu dengan yang lainnya. Bagian- bagian tersebut adalah </em>ash-shadr, al-qalb, al-fu`ad<em>, dan </em>al-lubb. <em>Selanjutnya, </em>ash-shadr <em>merupaka</em><em>n tempat bagi cahaya islam dan juga merupakan tempat bagi tersimpannya segala pengetahuan ikhtiari manusia yang memiliki kemungkinan untuk lupa. Sedangkan </em>al-qalb <em>merupakan tempat bagi cahaya iman dan sumber dari ilmu hikmah dan isyarat. </em>Al-fu`ad <em>merupakan sumber ma’rifat dan pengetahuan yang berangkat dari penyaksian langsung (musyahadah). Terakhir adalah </em>al-lubb <em>yang merupakan puncak tertinggi dalam hati. Ia bagaikan poros (</em>al-quthb<em>) yang tak pernah sirna dan tak pernah bergerak. Ia adalah tempat bagi cahaya tauhid dan cahaya penyaksian terhadap Tuhan. Melalui optimalisasi nilai-nilai tersebut, setiap muslim diharapkan memiliki kesempatan untuk menjadi muslim yang baik, lebih-lebih menjadi manusia unggul (</em>al-insan al-kamil<em>)</em></p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Kat</em></strong><strong><em>a kunci: </em></strong><em>hakika</em><em>t hati, islam, iman, ma’rifat, tawhid</em></p></div>
Comparación entre redes de fibras sintéticas y redes de fibras de cáñamo para el refuerzo de muros de albañileria = Comparison between synthetic fiber networks and hemp fiber networks for the reinforcement of masonry walls
Authors: Vilardi Alessandra 
Published: January 2017

ResumenLa existencia de una gran cantidad de edificios antiguos ha movilizado la investigación para estudiar nuevos sistemas de refuerzo a aquellas construcciones que sean dañadas por decadencia fisiológica o por terremoto. El presente documento demuestra la eficacia de un sistema de refuerzo innovador para los muros de mampostería, constituyentes los elementos estructurales de los edificios históricos. Se hace una comparación entre unas redes bidireccionales de fibras sintéticas tradicionales y las de fibras naturales, ambas pegadas a las dos fachadas del muro con matriz de mortero. El resultado muestra la aplicación de las fibras de cáñamo como refuerzo sísmico y una mayor compatibilidad de estas con el material que caracterizan los edificios antiguos. AbstractThe existence of a large number of old buildings has mobilized research to study new systems of reinforcement to those buildings that are damaged by physiological decay or earthquake. This document demonstrates the effectiveness of an innovative reinforcement system for masonry walls, which are the structural elements of historic buildings. A comparison is made between bidirectional networks of traditional synthetic fibers and those of natural fibers, both glued to the two facades of the wall with mortar matrix. The result shows the application of hemp fibers as seismic reinforcement and a greater compatibility of these with the material that characterize the old buildings.
International Law and dispute settlement mechanism
Authors: Caichiolo Carlos Ricardo 
Published: January 2017

The DSM, or Dispute Settlement Mechanism, in the absence of a judicial body, is the closest representation of a supreme court or judicial institution in a regional bloc or other international organisation. The search for a peaceful settlement of disputes in the international arena had led to the development of the DSM during the 20th and into the 21st century. The DSM acts as an impartial third party, wherein it intervenes in any international conflict to offer feasible solutions for both sides.O MSC, ou Mecanismo de Solução de Controvérsias, na ausência de um órgão judicial, é a representação mais próxima de uma Corte Suprema ou de instituição judiciária em um bloco regionl ou em organização internacional diversa. A busca por um meio pacífico de solução de disputas no meio internacional levou à criação do MSC ao longo dos séculos XX e XXI. O MSC age como um terceiro imparcial, na medida em que ele intervém em conflitos internacionais com o intuito de ofertar soluções possíveis para as partes envolvidas.
Estudio de seguimiento de la prevalencia de delgadez y sobrepeso de una cohorte de escolares de 4 a 6 años de Castilla-La Mancha
Authors: Martínez Alfonso Julia , Pozuelo-Carrascosa Diana  P. , Solera-Martínez Montserrat , González-García Alberto , MartínezVizcaíno Vicente , Sánchez-López Mairena , Martínez-Hernández David 
Published: January 2017

Introducción y objetivos: los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: a) estimar la prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidad y delgadez en escolares nacidos en 2007 y 2008 de Castilla-La Mancha, España, en los años 2013 y 2015; y b) analizar la persistencia en las mismas categorías de estatus ponderal entre 2013 y 2015 en esta cohorte de escolares.Material y métodos: estudio de seguimiento en el que se analizaron los datos antropométricos de los escolares nacidos en 2007 y 2008 en los años 2013 (4-6 años) y 2015 (6-8 años). Se invitó a participar a todos los escolares de 21 colegios de las provincias de Cuenca y Ciudad Real que cursaban tercero de Educación Infantil o primero de Educación Primaria en 2013. En todos ellos se determinaron, además de variables sociodemográficas, peso, talla y porcentaje de grasa corporal por bioimpedancia eléctrica.Resultados: la prevalencia de delgadez, sobrepeso y obesidad en la medición basal fue de 20,7%, 12% y 8,2% respectivamente. Dos años después, la prevalencia de delgadez disminuyó hasta 14,7% y la de sobrepeso y obesidad aumentó hasta 15,4% y 8,4% respectivamente. Por otro lado, el 78,8% de los escolares permanecía en 2015 en la misma categoría ponderal que en 2013.Conclusiones: el aumento en la prevalencia de sobrepeso/obesidad de los escolares parece estar remitiendo, al mismo tiempo que el incremento en la prevalencia de bajo peso ha aumentado sustancialmente. Por último, los escolares tienden a mantener el estatus ponderal previo al rebote adiposo durante la edad escolar.
PENGARUH TERPAAN IKLAN OBAT NON RESEP DENGAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT (Studi regresi sederhana mengenai terpaan iklan obat-obat non resep yang tayang pada televisi dengan sikap masyarakat terhadap keputusan pembelian)
Authors: Nugraha Aat Ruchiat 
Published: January 2017

<p>ABSTRAKS</p><p><br />Penemuan obat merupakan suatu keajaiban besar bagi kehidupan umat manusia. Khasiatnya yang <br />tinggi dalam penyembuhan dan kesehatan tubuh, bahkan bisa menyelamatkan nyawa, membuat kita<br />sedemikian rupa tergantung akan keberadaannya. Berbagai iklan obat-obat yang ditayangkan di media<br />televisi sebagai media komunikasi yang bersifat audio-visual masih dijadikan sumber rujukan utama<br />oleh khalayak dalam membeli dan memutuskan untuk mengkonsumsi obat-obat tersebut demi kesehatan<br />dengan tipe penyakit termasuk kategori ringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauhmana<br />terpaan iklan di televisi terhadap sikap masyarakat dalam mengkonsumsi obat-obat non resep yang<br />dijual bebas di pasaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan jenis<br />studi regresi sederhana. Adapun teori yang digunakan berdasarkan teori Cognitive Response dengan<br />populasinya adalah masyakarat kota Bandung dan teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara<br />menyebarkan angket terhadap responden yang terpilih melalui teknik sampling multistage cluster. Hasil<br />penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keputusan pembelian suatu produk (obat non resep) yang dilakukan<br />oleh masyarakat masih ada yang tergantung terhadap terpaan-terpaan iklan yang ditayangkan oleh<br />televisi.</p><p><br />Kata Kunci: Obat Non Resep, Iklan, dan Televisi</p><p> </p><p><br />ABSTRACT</p><p><br />Drug discovery is a major miracle for human life. High efficacy in healing and health, can even save <br />lives, make us so much dependent existence. Various advertising drugs that aired on television as a<br />medium of communication that is still used as the audio-visual main reference source by audiences<br />in buying and decided to take the drugs for the health of the types of diseases including lightweight<br />category. This study aims to determine the extent of exposure to advertising on television on people’s<br />attitudes to consume non-prescription drugs are sold freely on the market. The research method used is<br />quantitative method with the kind of simple regression studies. The theory is used based on the theory of<br />Cognitive Response to the population is a society of Bandung and techniques of data collection is done<br />by distributing questionnaires to the respondents were selected through multistage cluster sampling<br />technique. The results showed that the decision to purchase a product (non-prescription drugs) by the<br />community still dependent on exposure to ads served by television.</p><p><br />Keywords: Non-Prescription Drugs, Advertising and Television</p>
Computing and Engineering in Elementary School: The Effect of Year-long Training on Elementary Teacher Self-efficacy and Beliefs About Teaching Computing and Engineering
Authors: Rich Peter Jacob , Jones Brian , Belikov Olga , Yoshikawa Emily , Perkins McKay 
Published: January 2017

STEM, the integration of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics is increasingly being promoted in elementary education.Â However, elementary educators are largely untrained in the 21st century skills of computing (a subset of technology) and engineering.Â Â The purpose of this study was to better understand elementary teachersâ€™ self-efficacy for and beliefs about teaching computing and engineering.Â An entire faculty of a US-based elementary school participated in a year-long series of weekly professional development trainings in computing and engineering. Researchers collected quantitative data through a survey designed to assess teachersâ€™ self-efficacy and beliefs towards the integration of computing and engineering and compared responses with a demographically similar Title I school in the same city.Â Additional qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews and documented observations. Researchers found that between the two schools, self-efficacy and beliefs toward computing and engineering were likely influenced by professional development (p < .05). Through interviews, teachers attributed changes in self-efficacy and beliefs to the trainings. Although all teachers reported higher beliefs about the importance of computing and engineering, their self-efficacy for teaching these varied widely.Â A grounded theoretical analysis revealed this difference was likely attributed to each teacherâ€™s level of implementation, background, and willingness to experiment.Â We discuss how these factors may affect the professional development of elementary educators in preparing them to teach computing and engineering-related topics.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Beban Keluarga dalam Merawat Aktifitas Sehari-hari pada Lansia
Authors: Erwanto Rizky 
Published: January 2017

<p><em>Treatment of elderly needs to be considered properly, the elderly who have difficulty in performing daily activities at home, such as toileting, eating, dressing, </em><em>bathing</em><em> and </em><em>transferring</em><em>. Issues relating to the elderly lead to dependence on others. Elderly dependency ratio can be classified in decreasing independence</em><em>. Elderly needs family to </em><em>perform</em><em> their</em><em> activities of daily living independently</em><em>. Caring for the E</em><em>lderly</em><em> </em><em>may have an impact on family in the form of expenses incurred for the elderly require continuous assistance</em><em>. This research aim was to identify </em><em>several factors related to the family burden of caring for the elderly in the treatment daily activities.</em><em> </em><em>The study </em><em>design used</em><em> cross sectional method. The sampling method </em><em>used</em><em> cluster sampling technique. Respondents that family members caring for the elderly totaling 98 respondents. The study was conducted in July 2015. </em><em> B</em><em>ivariate test used chi-square test.</em><em> </em><em>Based on bivariate analysis between knowledge </em><em>and</em><em> family expenses 0</em><em>.</em><em>002</em><em>. </em><em>Socioeconomic relations that includes education, employment, and income with the burden of the family, education was obtained p</em><em>-</em><em>value 0.039, 0.017 jobs, and income 0.0</em><em>. </em><em>The relationship between long care for the elderly load was obtained p-</em><em>v</em><em>alue </em><em>0.</em><em>024. There </em><em>were</em><em> a significant relationship between the knowledge of the family, economic s</em><em>o</em><em>sial</em><em> of the family and</em><em> </em><em>long of care</em><em> for the elderly with the burden of caring for elderly relatives. Families should aim to increase knowledge about the care activities of daily living in the elderly with a lot of reading and find out about the care activities of daily living in the elderly through mass media. </em><em>Cadres</em><em> should increase the knowledge about the knowledge of the care activities of daily living by means of training and counseling held in the clinic so in practice cadres received extensive insight maintenance activities of daily living in the elderly and families teach the elderly</em><em>.</em></p>
A espacialidade das remunerações do trabalho no Brasil: subsídios para o planejamento regional
Authors: Kon Anita 
Published: January 2017

A distribuição espacial das remunerações do trabalho da população brasileira sofreu, nos últimos anos, alterações consideráveis, a partir dos novos requisitos exigidos para a contratação da mão-de-obra ou para a remuneração de autônomos, tendo em vista os renovados processos produtivos e organizacionais, bem como as políticas econômicas conjunturais voltadas para a estabilização. A pesquisa visa contribuir com subsídios para a análise dos padrões regionais diferenciados na distribuição dos rendimentos médios do trabalhador brasileiro, como resultado dos impactos das transformações produtivas e ocupacionais dos anos 90. São observadas as situações nas condições de trabalho com ou sem carteira assinada, segundo o gênero, dentro e fora de empresas. A avaliação é efetuada através do cálculo de coeficientes de Gini, tendo como base a composição das remunerações segundo a segmentação do mercado de trabalho, de acordo com categorias ocupacionais específicas.Palavras-chave: planejamento; região; trabalho; remuneração; gênero; vínculo empregatício. Abstract: The regional earnings distribution of the Brazilian working population lately underwent considerable changes, which are a result, in one hand, of the new requirements demanded for labor hiring, by the present productive and organizational processes, and in the other hand, of the economic conjuncture policies aiming to stabilization, which limit the opportunities of new jobs in the formal labor market. The impacts of these transformations are showed in the composition of the average earnings, inside and outside the firms. The research aims to examine the different regional patterns of the average earnings distribution of the Brazilian worker, as a result of the impact of the recent productive and occupational transformations in the nineties. These regional differences are examined according to the situation of labor contracts, gender and the segmentation of the labor market inside the firms, and the analysis is based in Gini coefficients for each region.Keywords: planning; regions; earnings; labor; gender; segmentation.
Uma região em movimento: as lutas por terra e a transformação das estruturas de poder e significação social na Mata pernambucana
Authors: Rosa Marcelo 
Published: January 2017

Este artigo analisa a contribuição das chamadas “lutas por terra” para a produção de novas formas de identidade e de significação social na região da Zona da Mata de Pernambuco. Por meio da análise de entrevistas com militantes dos diversos movimentos que organizam ocupações de terra na região, foi possível compreender que, além da posse de um pedaço de lote, tais organizações criam condições inéditas para a transformação dos seus líderes em figuras de destaque nas instâncias políticas dos pequenos municípios da região, contribuindo assim para a modificação das estruturas tradicionais de poder nos territórios em que operam. Palavras-chave: movimentos sociais; ocupações de terra; impactos regionais. Abstract: The article analyzes the role of the land struggles on the creation of new forms of identity and social meanings in the sugar-cane plantation region, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Analyzing interviews with militants engaged in various movements, we can perceive that beyond providing land ownership, these organizations are creating new conditions to transform their leader’s lives and to modify the power structures in the regions where they act. Keywords: social movements; land struggles; regional impacts.
Panorama da municipalização da política habitacional em pequenos municípios de Minas Gerais
Authors: Carvalho Aline Werneck Barbosa de , Fagundes Ana Carla De Almeida , Carmo Riane Ricceli do , Ribeiro Filho Geraldo Browne 
Published: January 2017

Este artigo apresenta um panorama geral do processo de municipalização da política habitacional em Minas Gerais, tomando como objeto de estudo os municípios com população inferior a 20.000 habitantes e como marco temporal o ano de 2004, quando foi aprovada a Política Nacional de Habitação. Procura-se refletir sobre as peculiaridades dessa categoria municipal, quando comparada à realidade de outros municípios brasileiros, para o enfrentamento do processo de municipalização da política habitacional decorrente da redistribuição de competências entre as esferas governamentais pela Constituição Federal de 1988. Os resultados apresentados são oriundos de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, bem como de levantamento de campo realizado mediante aplicação de questionários aos agentes responsáveis pela implementação de ações na área de habitação. Como ocorreu com outras áreas, a municipalização da política habitacional nos pequenos municípios mineiros começa a se estruturar lentamente, em atendimento ao modelo descentralizador-participativo vigente. Palavras-chave: municipalização; descentralização; gestão municipal; pequenos municípios; política habitacional; habitação de interesse social. Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the decentralization of housing policy in municipalities with less than 20,000 inhabitants in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais after 2004, when the National Housing Policy was approved. It attempts to discuss the particularities of these municipalities compared to the reality of other municipalities. The methodology involved bibliographic and documentary research and field survey through questionnaires to the staff responsible for the municipal action in the housing sector. It concludes that the municipalization of housing policy in the small municipalities of Minas Gerais is taking shape in a slow process of adaptation to the current Brazilian model of decentralization and participation. Keywords: decentralization; public management; small municipalities; housing policy; social housing.
"Mundos" distintos: conflitos pela apropriação do litoral nordestino do Brasil
Authors: Lacerda Norma 
Published: January 2017

Vários estudos têm mostrado que, desde a década de 1990, o litoral brasileiro, mais particularmente o nordestino, vem sendo urbanizado mediante grandes empreendimentos(nacionais e estrangeiros) voltados ao turismo de lazer. Todavia, muitos deles não evidenciam que a apropriação do litoral vem se realizando por meio de conflitos de índole socioambiental e cultural, envolvendo “mundos” diferenciados – o mundo do mercado turístico (empreendedores e consumidores) e o mundo das populações nativas. O presente texto tem como objetivo chamar a atenção para a natureza social desse processo de ocupação, ressaltando que a questão da preservação dos recursos naturais e culturais, por extrapolar esses dois “mundos”, emerge como um princípio superior comum (uma convenção) que, por sua vez, respalda normas legais, diante das quais os agentes devem interpretar e ajustar suas ações. Palavras-chave: apropriação do litoral; turismo; conflito socioambiental; teoria das convenções; desterritorialização; reterritorialização. Abstract: Several studies have shown that, since the 1990s, the Brazilian coastline, more particularly the northeast, has been urbanized by large (domestic and foreign) enterprises, aimed at leisure and tourism. However, many of them do not show the socioenvironmental and cultural conflicts in the process of appropriation of the coastline, involving sharply different “worlds” - the tourist market world (entrepreneurs and consumers) and the native populations world. This paper aims to draw attention to the social nature of this process of occupation, stressing that the issue of preservation of natural and cultural resources, by extrapolating these two worlds, emerges as a common higher principle (a Convention) which, in turn, supports legal rules, on which agents should interpret and adjust their actions. Keywords: appropriation of the coastline; tourism; socio-environmental conflict; theory of conventions; deterritorialisation; reterritorialsation.