bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le crowdsourcing : travail ou pas ? Éclaircissement des pratiques et implications juridiques
Authors: Lemoine Jean-François , Roth Yannig , Favreau Éric 
Published: January 2018

Cet article propose d’aborder un aspect souvent mentionné mais rarement traité à ce jour dans la littérature sur le crowdsourcing : les liens juridiques qui unissent les contributeurs aux plateformes. Après une présentation des différentes catégories de crowdsourcing existantes, nous proposons une classification de ces pratiques collaboratives en fonction du degré d’autonomie dont disposent les participants lors de l’exécution de leurs missions. Nous précisons à cette occasion les cas où les activités demandées aux internautes peuvent faire l’objet d’une requalification en contrat de travail.
Stratégies d’opposition des acteurs à l’enrôlement
Authors: Vitry Chloé , Chia Eduardo 
Published: January 2018

L’élaboration, la construction, l’adaptation d’un instrument dans une organisation se traduit par une situation de gestion. Il va alors se développer un processus d’enrôlement des acteurs pour construire un acteur-réseau suffisamment stable pour permettre la contextualisation de cet instrument. Cependant, que se passe-t-il lorsque les acteurs s’opposent à cet enrôlement ? Quelles stratégies peuvent-ils utiliser pour résister à la situation ? En étudiant le processus de création d’un schéma de cohérence territorial dans une communauté de communes, nous avons croisé sociologie de la traduction et stratégies d’« exit, voice et loyalty » selon Hirschman pour comprendre les chemins d’opposition ou d’enrôlement de ces élus face à la situation. En particulier, nous mettons en évidence deux stratégies face à l’enrôlement, mobilisées par les portes-paroles d’acteur-réseaux concurrents : le voice participatif , et le voice contestataire .
Estimating Waterfowl Carrying Capacity at Local Scales: A Case Study From Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey1
Authors: Ringelman Kevin M. , Williams Christopher K. , Castelli Paul M. , Sieges Mason L. , Longenecker Rebecca A. , Nichols Theodore C. , Earsom Stephen D. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The management of wintering North American waterfowl is based on the premise that the amount of foraging habitat can limit populations. To estimate carrying capacity of winter habitats, managers use bioenergetic models to quantify energy (food) availability and energy demand, and use results as planning tools to meet regional conservation objectives. Regional models provide only coarse estimates of carrying capacity because habitat area, habitat energy values, and temporal trends in population-level demand are difficult to quantify precisely at large scales. We took advantage of detailed data previously collected on wintering waterfowl at Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge and surrounding marsh, New Jersey, and created a well-constrained local model of carrying capacity. We used 1,223 core samples collected between 2006 and 2015 to estimate food availability. We used species-specific 24-h time–activity data collected between 2011 and 2013 to estimate daily energy expenditure, morphometrically corrected for site- and day-specific thermoregulatory costs. To estimate population-level energy demand, we used standardized monthly ground surveys (2005–2014) to create a migration curve, and proportionally scaled that to fit aerial survey data (2005–2014). Crucially, we also explicitly incorporated estimates of variance in all of these parameters and conducted a sensitivity analysis to diagnose the most important sources of variation in the model. Our results from an outlier-removed, a strict depletion model indicated that at estimated mean levels of supply (923 million kcal) and cumulative demand (3.4 billion kcal), refuge food resources were depleted before November. However, a constant-supply model that represented tidal replenishment of resources indicated that just enough energy was present to sustain peak winter populations. Variation in model output appeared to be driven primarily by uncertainty in population abundance during peak periods of use, emphasizing a new management focus on studying migration chronologies of waterfowl. This model allows for relative assessment of biases and uncertainties in carrying-capacity modeling, and serves as a framework identifying critical science needs to improve local and regional waterfowl management planning.
Quand les héritiers deviennent des « entrepreneurs » : les nouveaux appuis rhétoriques et pratiques de l’accumulation
Authors: Herlin-Giret Camille 
Published: January 2018

Si la financiarisation des patrimoines n’est pas récente, l’introduction de nouveaux modes de détention a recomposé la morphologie du groupe des possédants. Ces transformations brouillent les divisions communes convoquées pour décrire ce groupe – travail et capital, patrimoine privé et patrimoine professionnel, héritage et fortunes nouvelles –, lesquelles ont pourtant trouvé un large écho dans le succès d’une rhétorique entrepreneuriale. Cette dernière fournit un principe solide de légitimation à l’accumulation de la richesse, mais contribue également à en masquer les ressorts, en construisant deux figures distinctes : celle du riche particulier et celle de l’entrepreneur fortuné. L’article montre ainsi combien les transformations du groupe des possédants sont difficilement saisissables et propose notamment d’examiner comment l’État participe au flou qui entoure l’appréhension de la richesse.
Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Augment Immunopathology and Gastritis in Chronic Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: D’Souza Criselle , Pediongco Troi , Wang Huimeng , Scheerlinck Jean-Pierre Y. , Kostenko Lyudmila , Esterbauer Robyn , Stent Andrew W. , Eckle Sidonia B. G. , Meehan Bronwyn S. , Strugnell Richard A. , Cao Hanwei , Liu Ligong , Mak Jeffrey Y. W. , Lovrecz George , Lu Louis , Fairlie David P. , Rossjohn Jamie , McCluskey James , Every Alison L. , Chen Zhenjun , Corbett Alexandra J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells produce inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic granzymes in response to by-products of microbial riboflavin synthesis. Although MAIT cells are protective against some pathogens, we reasoned that they might contribute to pathology in chronic bacterial infection. We observed MAIT cells in proximity to Helicobacter pylori bacteria in human gastric tissue, and so, using MR1-tetramers, we examined whether MAIT cells contribute to chronic gastritis in a mouse H. pylori SS1 infection model. Following infection, MAIT cells accumulated to high numbers in the gastric mucosa of wild-type C57BL/6 mice, and this was even more pronounced in MAIT TCR transgenic mice or in C57BL/6 mice where MAIT cells were preprimed by Ag exposure or prior infection. Gastric MAIT cells possessed an effector memory Tc1/Tc17 phenotype, and were associated with accelerated gastritis characterized by augmented recruitment of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, eosinophils, and non-MAIT T cells and by marked gastric atrophy. Similarly treated MR1−/− mice, which lack MAIT cells, showed significantly less gastric pathology. Thus, we demonstrate the pathogenic potential of MAIT cells in Helicobacter-associated immunopathology, with implications for other chronic bacterial infections.
Late Recurrence of Malignant Choroidal Melanoma Mimicking
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Baghmar Saphalta , Panda Dipanjan , Bihari Chhagan , Thapar Shalini 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLate recurrence (after more than 10 years) of choroidal melanoma, though infrequent, has been documented well in Western countries. In India, however, this disease being uncommon, there is no data regarding its late recurrence. Here, we report a case of late metastatic manifestation of choroidal melanoma in the form of liver metastases in a 45-year-old man who presented with abdominal pain; metastases to liver occurred 10 years after enucleation of the right eye.
Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis Secondary to Central Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Authors: Ravikanth Reddy 
Published: January 2018

AbstractVocal cord paralysis may arise from neurogenic paralysis or mechanical fixation. It is sometimes the only sign of an underlying disease. Thus, it is clinically important to diagnose the primary disease in cases of vocal cord paralysis because many of its potential causes, such as symptom-free malignant tumors, can be fatal or cause serious morbidity if detected late. Radiologic evaluation is often useful for determining the etiology of vocal cord paralysis.
Clinicopathological Profile of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-positive Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Dubey A P , Pathi Nikhil , Rathore Anvesh , Viswanath S , Pathak Abhishek , Sud Rahul , Rai S K 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Background: A novel fusion gene of echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) has been identified in a subset of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Patients with the ALK-EML4 fusion gene demonstrate unique clinicopathological and physiological characteristics. Here we present an analysis of clinicopathological profile of patients of metastatic adenocarcinoma harboring the ALK-EML4 fusion gene. Methods: A retrospective analysis of advanced ALK positive NSCLC, who presented at this tertiary care hospital of armed forces from September 2014 to December 2016 was conducted. The primary goal was to evaluate demographic and clinicopathological profile of ALK positive advanced NSCLC. Detection of ALK fusion was done by IHC on formalin fixed paraffin embedded cell blocks. Results: Out of 270 patients of NSCLC, 15 (7.4%) tested positive for ALK-EML4 fusion. Rate of positivity was higher in females (13.7%) than in males (5%). The correlation of the ALK-EML4 fusion gene and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC patients demonstrated a significant difference in smoking status, histological types, stage, and metastatic pattern. Conclusion: Our analysis indicated that ALK-EML4 positive NSCLC comprised a unique subgroup of adenocarcinomas with distinct clinicopathological and radiological characteristics. Incidence of ALK positivity was found to be higher in females and never smokers. These patients have distinct pathological and radiological characteristics.
Microsatellite Instability in Stage II and III Colorectal Cancer: Patterns and Profile
Authors: Dubey A P , Vishwanath S , Nikhil P , Rathore Anvesh , Pathak Abhishek , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Introduction: Around 80% of colorectal carcinoma are associated with chromosomal instability while rest of 20% are euploid, possessing defect in mismatch repair system (MMR) quintessential for surveillance and correction of errors introduced into microsatellites. The microsatellite instability (MSI) phenotype has three major clinical applications: prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), prediction of response to 5 fluorouracil, and irinotecan, and genetic assessment of Lynch syndrome. Materials and Methods: We analyzed all Stage II and Stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) for MSI, who presented at Army Hospital, Research and Referral, New Delhi, from January 2014 to December 2016. Although patients of Stage II CRC were taken throughout the study period, Stage III CRC was included in last 1½ years to compare the prevalence of MSI in these two subsets of patients. Results: 26.2% of Stage II and 11.3% of Stage III patients were found to be MSI-high (MSI-H) (P = 0.04). Nineteen (86%) of 22 MSI-H patients were below 30 years of age (P = 0.01). Of 22 MSI-H patients, 18 had right-sided tumors (P = 0.03) and only three patients had rectal tumors. Most common pattern of MSI-H tumors was loss of expression of MLH1 and PMS2, seen in 15 of 16 (88%) of Stage II and three of 6 (50%) of Stage III CRC (P = 0.04). Conclusion: We conclude higher prevalence of MSI-H tumors in Stage II, as compared to Stage III CRC, which was demonstrated slightly higher in our study compared to published literature. MSI-H tumors tend to occur with high frequency in younger population, with right-sided colonic tumors, histopathology characterized by mucinous subtype with high prevalence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Loss of expression of two MMR proteins, namely, PMS2 and MLH1 has been identified in most of MSI-H patients of our study, of which 86% were <30 years of age. This is in contrast to observation in previous studies where loss of PMS2 and MLH1 proteins was observed in older (>70 years) patients with MSI-H tumors, and in younger patients, MSI-H status was associated with loss of MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6.
Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Northern India: An Analysis of Clinical Features of 241 Cases
Authors: Sandhu Devinder Singh , Sharma Atul , Kumar Lalit 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Background: Geographic variations with regard to incidence, clinical presentation, and histological subtypes are known to occur in several cancers. This study was aimed to see if similar differences existed in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) also during pre-immunohistochemical era. Materials and Methods: Cases of NHL seen at Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi from January 1997 to December 2000, were analyzed for baseline clinical features and histology. Results: Total cases: 241, median age: 47 years (range 2–84 years), male-female ratio: 2.2:1, primary extranodal NHL: 44.2%, the most common histological subtype: Diffuse large cell (6.2% of the cases). Conclusion: Our patients presented at younger median age, had more male to female ratio, had diffuse large cell histology as the most common histological subtype.
SLC19A1 Polymorphism and Serum Methotrexate in Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Joob Beuy , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common pediatric malignancy. Methotrexate is the widely used chemotherapy for ALL. The polymorphism (rs1051296) of SLC19A1 is proposed for its effect on serum methotrexate. To explain this observation, the authors hereby studied the interrelationship between SLC19A1 polymorphism and blood methotrexate level in the patients with ALL. Here, the authors use a quantum chemistry analysis for explaining of this observation.
Multicentric study on prevalence and risk factors for hypertension and diabetes in tribal communities in Western and Northern Maharashtra
Authors: Deo MG , Pawar PV , Kanetkar SR , Kakade SV 
Published: January 2018

Background and Objectives:
Although a number of studies have been conducted on the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) and diabetes on tribal populations in different parts of India, comparative tribe-specific information is very meager. The main objective of this study is to generate tribe-specific information on the noncommunicable disorders (NCDs) and associated risk factors in scheduled tribes (STs) in Coastal and Western Maharashtra.

Methods:
The study was conducted on 1864 (females 960) adults (≥18 years) of both sexes in four dominant tribes in the region, namely, Bhils (748), Katkaris (560), Kokana (352), and Thakars (204), using the protocols approved by the Institutional Review Board. The study areas were geographically separated by large distances (250–500 km apart). Prevalence of overweight, diabetes, HTN, and hypercholesterolemia was measured using standard field-based techniques described in our earlier publication.

Results:
All STs in this study are grossly underweight; the Katkaris are worst affected. The prevalence of obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), HTN (blood pressure ≥140 mmHg), diabetes (capillary blood glucose >126 mg/dl), and hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl) was 0.9%, 11.7%, 6.7%, and 0.6% respectively. There are no statistically significant inter-tribal differences in the prevalence of these parameters. Age and obesity appeared to be the most dominant risk factors for HTN. However, there is no clear-cut picture about the influence of risk factors on diabetes or hypercholesterolemia.

Interpretation and Conclusion:
The prevalence of NCDs is still very low in STs, probably due to near absence of the risk factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and hyperlipidemia. STs are highly endogamous, and the study areas are separated by large distances ruling out intermingling of tribes. Yet, there is no consistent inter-tribal prevalence pattern for NCDs. Although the sample size is small, the results support the view that environmental factors are likely to be more important than host genetics in the causation of NCDs.
Educational Transitions in Post-Revolutionary Spaces
Authors: Jules Tavis D. , Barton Teresa 
Published: January 2018

Educational Transitions in Post-Revolutionary Spaces explores the transformation of the education system in Tunisia following the Jasmine Revolution, the first of a wave of revolutions known as the Arab Spring.
The authors provide a detailed account of how Tunisia’s robust education system shaped and sparked the conflict as educated youth became disgruntled with their economic conditions. Exploring themes such as radicalization, gender, activism, and social media, the chapters map out the steps occurring during transitions from authoritarian rule to democracy.
Educational Transitions in Post-Revolutionary Spaces traces the origins of the conflict and revolution in societal issues, including unemployment, inequality, and poverty, and explores how Islam and security influenced the transition. The book not only offers a thorough understanding of the role of youth in the revolution and how it was shaped by Tunisia’s educational system; crucially, it provides a comprehensive understanding of the theoretical and methodological insights needed to study educational transitions in other post-revolutionary contexts.
Situation Comedy, Character, and Psychoanalysis On the Couch with Lucy, Basil, and Kimmie
Authors: Klika D. T. 
Published: January 2018

Situation Comedy, Character, and Psychoanalysis puts the sitcom character on the analyst’s couch and closely examines the characters of Basil Fawlty, Lucy Ricardo and Kim from Australia’s Kath &amp; Kim, in order to reveal the essential elements that must exist in a sitcom before even the first joke is written. Original in its approach, D.T. Klika uncovers major findings about the sitcom as well as human behavior and relationships that we find ‘arresting’ and even “familial”.
By offering a new way of reading the sitcom using psychoanalytic theory, this book can be used as a basis for engaging in critical discourses as well as textual analysis of programs. Psychoanalytic theory enables a reading of character motivations and relationships, in turn elucidating the power struggle that exists between characters in this form of comedy. Situation Comedy, Character, and Psychoanalysis shines a light on what is at play in the sitcom that makes us laugh, and why we love the characters we do, only to discover that this form of comedy is more complex than we first thought.
O Isso e a determinação inconsciente das doenças orgânicas: a contribuição de Georg W. Groddeck à psicanálise
Authors: Maniakas Georgina Faneco 
Published: January 2018

O ano de 2016 marca os 150 anos de nascimento de Georg Walther Groddeck, primeiro médico utilizar o referencial psicanalítico para o tratamento das doenças orgânicas. Groddeck se tornou mais conhecido no meio psicanalítico devido a sua contribuição para a formulação freudiana da segunda tópica por meio do conceito de Isso (Id). Freud reconhece sua contribuição em O Eu e o Isso de 1923, e admite em carta a Pfister que Groddeck provavelmente estaria certo em relação às determinações inconscientes das doenças orgânicas. Entretanto, para Groddeck, o seu Isso, herdeiro do Deus-Natureza de Goethe, não poderia se restringir aos limites a ele atribuídos por Freud na formulação de sua segunda representação tópica do aparelho psíquico. Anterior à formação da unidade biopsíquica do sujeito, o Isso de Groddeck, uma espécie de matriz de onde emana toda a existência somatopsíquica, determinaria tanto a saúde quanto a doença, a vida e a morte.
“Remember... Whose girl you are”: Dynamics of domination in Sarah Waters’s Affinity (1999)
Authors: Madsen Lea Heiberg 
Published: January 2018

<p>This paper discusses, from a psychoanalytic perspective, Sarah Waters’s novel <em>Affinity</em> (1999)<em> </em>which has played a crucial role in the consolidation of the neo-Victorian genre and, indeed, has become a touchstone for contemporary feminist fiction. Through Jessica Benjamin’s intersubjective theory it analyses Waters’s extraordinary re-presentation of women’s same-sex relationships, with particular focus on the dynamics of domination and submission which characterises the female couples in the novel. Benjamin's approach to the problem of domination gives valuable insight into the psychological structures of erotic hierarchy and, in turn, opens up for new ways to understand erotic desire and power dynamics between men and women, or between people of the same sex. In addition, an exploration of <em>Affinity</em> from an intersubjective perspective casts light onto how the novel transgresses both Victorian boundaries and those that persist in contemporary culture.</p>
Desafios da formação de professores
Authors: Prado de Sousa Clarilza 
Published: January 2018

Entendendo que a formação do professor deve ser analisada também de uma perspectiva psicossocial, procura-se, neste texto, analisar como a construção da profissionalidade se articula em um cenário de presentismo – foco exagerado no presente – que se observa na sociedade atual. Como professores em formação, que escolheram uma profissão que tem por característica formar a geração futura, representam o futuro? Quais os valores que orientam as escolhas desses professores? Os programas de formação subsidiam a construção de projetos de futuro baseados em valores como liberdade, direito, justiça social? A subjetividade do professor/aluno é considerada durante o processo de formação? Considerando que a profissão do professor se define no compromisso com a formação do futuro do aluno e da sociedade, negar a possibilidade de preparar para o futuro é negar sua profissão.
Educação ambiental e os processos formativos em tempos de crise
Authors: Guimarães Mauro , Granier Noeli Borek 
Published: January 2018

Este estudo investiga as potencialidades de outras epistemologias em processos formativos de educadores ambientais, a partir de experiências de “ComVivência Pedagógica” com comunidades indígenas, enquanto referenciais para outras visões de mundo e para um “reencontro com o natural”. Diante da grave e complexa crise socioambiental atual, parte-se da constatação de que a perspectiva epistemológica da modernidade, construída sob o paradigma disjuntivo e reducionista de abordagem do meio socioambiental, combinado à visão utilitarista da natureza, afasta o ser humano de sua essência de ser natural. Ressaltando que formação de educadores ambientais requer constantemente abordagens que propiciem a desconstrução dos padrões hegemônicos, propõe o diálogo de saberes, pelo prisma da interculturalidade crítica, para a construção de outras formas de ser, fazer e conhecer. As experiências de “reencontro com o natural”, combinadas à estratégia metodológica da “ComVivência Pedagógica” com outros referenciais, revelaram grande pedagogicidade para o processo formativo de educadores ambientais.