bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavior of Intramolecular π‐π Interactions with Doubly Degenerated Bond Paths Between Carbon Atoms in Opposite Benzene Rings of Diethenodihydronaphthalenes by QTAIM Approach
Authors: Matsuiwa Kohei , Sugibayashi Yuji , Tsubomoto Yutaka , Hayashi Satoko , Nakanishi Waro 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDynamic and static nature of intramolecular π‐π interactions between ethylene moieties in diethenodihydronaphthanaphtalene (1 b) and derivatives (2 b–12 b) are elucidated by employing QTAIM‐DFA (QTAIM dual functional analysis). During the course of the investigations, doubly degenerated bond paths were detected between carbon atoms in opposite benzene rings of dibenzo‐derivative of 1 b with an etheno‐bridge on the backside (11 b). It must be very curious, since one BP should correspond to an interaction between two carbon atoms. Intramolecular π‐π interactions in 1 b–12 b are all classified by the pure CS (closed shell) interactions. The interactions between ethylene groups, with no substituents as in 1 b–8 b, are predicted to have the van der Waals (vdW) nature. Those for 9 b–12 b have the hydrogen bond (HB) nature with no covalency, where the ethylene moieties are included in one or two benzene ring(s), except for 10 b, if evaluated with MP2/6‐311G(3d). The character in 10 b is close to the borderline area between the vdW and HB nature with no covalency, although should be the vdW type. The interactions in 2 b–12 b evaluated with MP2/6‐311G(3d) are predicted to be somewhat stronger than the case with MP2/6‐311G(d), as a whole.
Decoralin Analogs with Increased Resistance to Degradation and Lower Hemolytic Activity
Authors: Torres Marcelo D. T. , Pedron Cibele N. , Araújo Iris , Silva Pedro I. , Silva Fernanda D. , Oliveira Vani X. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDecoralin is an antimicrobial peptide with activity against microorganisms and pronounced hemolytic activity. Decoralin analogs have been proposed, and the results indicated that when isoleucine at position 6 was substituted by phenylalanine residue, the peptides exhibited increased resistance towards enzymes action. Besides that, lower hemolytic activity was obtained for [Pro]4‐Decoralin‐NH2 and [Phe]6‐Des[Thr]11‐Decoralin‐NH2; this effect is probably due to their poor helical tendency. [Arg]1‐Decoralin‐NH2 exhibited +4 net charge and lower hemolytic activity (25.0 μmol L−1) and even showed helical propensity; as a consequence, it presented the higher therapeutic indexes (values from 16.0 to 32.0). The helical conformational tendency is believed to be determinant of the antimicrobial activity of this decoralin family and has been shown to be as important as the increased positive net charge. This points to a new direction for the design of potential chemotherapeutic agents.
Iron‐Mediated Desulphurization Towards the Synthesis of 2‐Halo Aromatic Isothiocyanates
Authors: Pinapati Srinivasarao , Mandapati Usharani , Rudraraju Ramesh Raju 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA highly efficient and simple protocol for the construction of 2‐haloaromatic isothiocyanates from their respective amines in the presence of cheap, readily available and air stable iron catalyst is described. All the reactions were carried out under moderate reaction conditions could give their target products in good to excellent yields in shorter reaction time
Self‐Neutralizing Carbonic Acidic Catalyzed Synthesis of Benzothiazole Derivatives from Disulfides and Aldehydes in Water
Authors: Liu Bo , Zhu Ning , Cui ZhengQing , Liu Lei , Hong Hailong , Han Limin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAn environmental friendly method was developed for preparing benzothiazole derivatives via the reaction of ortho‐anilino disulfides with aldehydes promoted by Na2S⋅9H2O in a reversible CO2‐H2O system without any other acid additive or organic solvent. Thus, this reaction system greatly simplifies post‐processing and allows for disposal without waste. The highly selective protocol affords the corresponding benzothiazoles from the reaction of disulfides and aldehydes with electron‐donating or withdrawing groups in good yields. Moreover, the dynamic equilibrium relationship between Na2S and the CO2 pressure had been explored by 13CNMR in high‐pressure NMR tube, which firstly demonstrated the carbonic acid was converted into CO32− or HCO3− promoted by Na2S in low or high CO2 pressure. Furthermore, the mechanism of Schiff base formation catalyzed by acid was confirmed by 1HNMR, and the process of benzothiazole formation from disulfide mediated by Na2S in CO2‐H2O system was also proposed.
Greener Friedel‐Crafts Acylation Using Microwave‐Enhanced Reactivity of Bismuth Triflate in the Friedel‐Crafts Benzoylation of Aromatic Compounds with Benzoic Anhydride
Authors: Tran Phuong Hoang , Nguyen Hai Truong , Hansen Poul Erik , Le Thach Ngoc 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAn efficient and facile bismuth trifluoromethanesulfonate‐catalyzed benzoylation of aromatic compounds using benzoic anhydride under solvent‐free microwave irradiation has been developed. The microwave‐assisted Friedel‐Crafts benzoylation results in good yields within short reaction times. Bismuth triflate is easily recovered and reused for several times without significant loss of catalytic activity.
An Unprecedented Synthesis of N‐Phenyl Amides via Cleavage of Benzotriazole Ring under Free Radical Condition
Authors: Singh Anoop S. , Kumar Dhananjay , Mishra Nidhi , Tiwari Vinod K. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAn attempt of Bu3SnH mediated cyclization of acylbenzotriazoles (RCOBt) to corresponding benzoxazole failed; instead, corresponding N‐phenylamides were achieved in good yield. The reactions proceed via reductive cleavage of benzotriazole ring with consequent evolution of molecular nitrogen (N2). A diverse range of amide has been achieved in high yields. Structures of all the compounds have been elucidated using IR, MS, 1H and 13C NMR, while four of them (3 o, 3 w, 4 and 5) have also been characterized by single crystal X‐ray analysis.
Delivery of small‐for‐gestational‐age neonate and association with early‐onset impaired maternal endothelial function
Authors: Hillman S. L. , Kubba T. , Williams D. J. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveWomen who have delivered a small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) infant are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in later life. Endothelial dysfunction is a subclinical sign of early CVD. It is unknown whether women who have recently had a pregnancy complicated by SGA, in the absence of other maternal and fetal diseases, have subclinical endothelial dysfunction. Our aim was to assess maternal endothelial function 6 months after a pregnancy complicated by SGA.MethodsThis was a case–control study conducted in a tertiary referral hospital in London, UK, over a 15‐month period. Flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery was measured in women 6.9 ± 2.5 months after childbirth. Forty‐four women were included in the study, of whom 15 had a SGA neonate (mean ± SD customized birth centile of 1.9 ± 2.3) and 29 delivered an appropriately grown baby (mean ± SD customized birth centile of 47.5 ± 26.3). The primary continuous variable, FMD, was assessed in each group and compared using unpaired t‐test.ResultsWomen who had a SGA neonate had lower postpartum FMD (6.79 ± 0.95%) than did those who had an appropriately grown offspring (10.26 ± 2.44% (95% CI for difference between groups, −5.37 to −1.57); P = 0.0007). There were no differences in postnatal maternal blood pressure, abdominal circumference, weight and glucose, insulin and lipid profiles between the two groups.ConclusionsWomen who had a pregnancy affected by SGA, probably due to placental failure in the absence of pre‐eclampsia, have evidence of subclinical endothelial dysfunction within 6 months of childbirth. These women may benefit from lifestyle measures focused on the primary prevention of CVD. Further research in larger populations is needed to ascertain if such postpartum maternal endothelial dysfunction is a pregnancy‐induced phenomenon or if it is related to the pre‐existing maternal phenotype, and whether it persists long term. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Sealing with Cyanoacrylate and a Falciform Patch Cannot Prevent Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula
Authors: Tillmann Laura‐Christin , Herzog Torsten , Uhl Waldemar , Belyaev Orlin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of a new combined method of covering the pancreatic anastomosis or stump with a cyanoacrylate and a falciform patch (CAFP) on the occurrence of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF).MethodsPatients undergoing a pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) or a distal pancreatectomy (DP) were recruited over a period of 12 months. The pancreaticojejunostomy in PD and the stump in DP were sealed with cyanoacrylate glue and wrapped in a falciform patch. Incidence and severity of POPF and associated postoperative complications were retrospectively compared with historical controls of 750 PD and 336 DP at the same institution and with current data from the literature.ResultsThe new method was applied in 27 PD and 25 DP. The rate of clinically relevant POPF after PD with CAFP was 22.2% compared to 14.4% in historical patients, p = 0.26. The rate of clinically relevant POPF after DP with CAFP was 36% compared to 30% in historical patients, p = 0.65.ConclusionSealing the pancreatic anastomosis or stump with a combination of a cyanoacrylate glue and a falciform patch didn’t reduce the rate of POPF after major pancreatic resections.
Cancer Genetic Counselors’ Current Practices and Attitudes Related to the Use of Tumor Profiling
Authors: Goedde LeAnne Noelle , Stupiansky Nathan W. , Lah Melissa , Quaid Kimberly A. , Cohen Stephanie 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTumor profiling (TP) is primarily used to identify driver mutations within a tumor for treatment purposes, but it may also identify germline mutations. Current involvement of cancer genetic counselors (GCs) in the TP process is not clear. Members of the National Society of Genetic Counselors Cancer Special Interest Group were invited to participate in a confidential, web‐based survey to characterize current practices and attitudes related to the use of TP. Of 105 useable responses, 86.7% of GCs reported their institutions were using TP, although only 6.7% did this routinely. Although 63.7% reported personal involvement in the process, largely with result interpretation and follow‐up germline testing, 69.7% reported seeing fewer than 5 patients for this reason and 97.9% desired further education on this topic. Work and regional setting were not predictors of involvement with TP; however, GCs in the academic setting were less aware of who obtains consent (p = 0.001). GCs reported they were not often utilized as a resource regarding TP. Overall, GCs believed TP is beneficial in identifying hereditary cancer syndromes, although most reported finding a germline mutation in <10% of cases. This study provides a snapshot of current GC involvement with TP, and documents the desire by GCs for additional education on tumor profiling.
Understanding investigators’ attitudes through a results-based accountability framework within a single CTSA institution
Authors: Rothwell Erin , Matheson Trent 
Published: January 2017

PurposeThe National Center for Advancing Translation Science (NCATS) is implementing a new strategic management plan called the results-based accountability framework. This framework is part of the common metrics initiative. For successful implementation and adoption of new management strategies, it is important to assess current stakeholders’ experiences and needs.MethodsInterviews were conducted with principal investigators who are conducting research and supported by the Center for Clinical Translational Science at the University of Utah. Between July and August 2016, 15 interviews were completed and audio recorded. A qualitative content analysis was conducted on the transcripts.ResultsResults indicated the need to provide education about the continuum of clinical translational research; time constraints during pre-award; barriers to IRB submissions; difficulty balancing other responsibilities in academic health centers; and the need for shared study coordinator resources.ConclusionImplementing a new management philosophy requires an understanding key stakeholders attitudes and needs. The research identified ways to help engage investigators with centralized resources supported by NCATS and implementation of common metrics at this university.
Arthur Sidgwick'sGreek Prose Composition: Gender, Affect, and Sociability in the Late-Victorian University
Authors: Rutherford Emily 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe diaries and other papers of the Oxford classics teacher Arthur Sidgwick (1840–1920) show how men like Sidgwick used ancient Greek to demarcate the boundaries of an elite male social, emotional, and educational sphere, and how that sphere became more porous at the turn of the twentieth century through processes such as university coeducation. Progressive dons like Sidgwick stood by women's equality in principle but were troubled by the potential loss of an exceptional environment of intense friendships forged within intellectually rigorous single-sex institutions. Several aspects of Sidgwick's life and his use of Greek exemplify these tensions: his marriage, his feelings about close male friends, his life as a college fellow, his work on behalf of the Oxford Association for the Education of Women, and his children's lives and careers. The article recovers a lost world in which Greek was an active conversational language, shows how the teaching of classics and the inclusion of women were intimately connected in late-nineteenth-century Oxford, and suggests some reasons why that world endured for a certain period of time but ultimately came to an end. It offers a new way of explaining late-nineteenth-century cultural changes surrounding gender by placing education and affect firmly at their center.
The impact of Zheng He's expeditions on Indian Ocean interactions
Authors: Sen Tansen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis article examines the consequences of the Ming maritime expeditions led by Admiral Zheng He (1371–1433) in the early fifteenth century on Indian Ocean diplomacy, trade, and cross-cultural interactions. The presence of the powerful Ming navy not only introduced an unprecedented militaristic aspect to the Indian Ocean region, but also led to the emergence of state-directed commercial activity in the maritime world that extended from Ming China to the Swahili coast of Africa. Additionally, these expeditions stimulated the movement of people and animals across the oceanic space and might eventually have facilitated the rapid entry of European commercial enterprises into the Indian Ocean region during the second half of the fifteenth century.
How to develop a clinic for sudden cardiac arrest survivors and families of non-survivors
Authors: Abrams Dominic J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe investigation of the aetiology of sudden cardiac arrest or death in a young person combines features of a traditional clinical medical examination with those of forensic medicine. Nuances of the immediate peri-event history, when available, can be paramount. New genetic tools have greatly improved the yield of such investigations, but they must be carefully interpreted by genetic specialists. The approach to surviving patients, their family members, and to family members of non-survivors is best achieved in a structured programme that includes all appropriate specialists and support personnel. As an example, this may include all appropriate paediatric and internal medicine specialists, a geneticist, a genetic counsellor, a clinical psychologist, nurse specialist(s), and a programme coordinator. This family-centred strategy affords the patient, if surviving, and all family members the necessary emotional and medical support while at the same time providing the necessary diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Roston Thomas M. , Cunningham Taylor C. , Sanatani Shubhayan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSince the sentinel description of exercise-triggered ventricular arrhythmias in 21 children, our recognition and understanding of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia has improved substantially. A variety of treatments are now available, but reaching a diagnosis before cardiac arrest remains a challenge. Most cases are related to variants in the gene encoding for ryanodine receptor-2 (RyR2), which mediates calcium-induced calcium release. Up to half of cases remain genetically elusive. The condition is presently incurable, but one basic intervention, the universal administration of β-blockers, has improved survival. In the past, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) were frequently implanted, especially in those with a history of cardiac arrest. Treatment limitations include under-dosing and poor compliance with β-blockers, and potentially lethal ICD-related electrical storm. Newer therapies include flecainide and sympathetic ganglionectomy. Limited data have suggested that genotype may predict phenotype in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, including a higher risk of life-threatening cardiac events in subjects with variants in the C-terminus of ryanodine receptor-2 (RyR2). At present, international efforts are underway to better understand this condition through large prospective registries. The recent publication of gene therapy in an animal model of the recessive form of the disease highlights the importance of improving our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of the disease.
The role of illicit drug use in sudden death in the young
Authors: Fischbach Peter 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe recreational use of illicit drugs remains an enormous and growing problem throughout the United States of America and around the world. Cocaine is most frequently thought of when considering the cardiovascular toxicity of illicit drugs. The association of cocaine use with sudden death due to myocardial ischaemia and infarction is well recognised, and this risk appears to be amplified by concomitant cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. Like cocaine, amphetamine and its derivatives lead to indirect stimulation of the autonomic nervous system through the release of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in nerve terminals of the central and autonomic nervous systems. However, amphetamine lacks the ion channel-blocking properties of cocaine. Also similar to cocaine, coronary artery spasm may be induced in individuals with or without atherosclerotic disease and may lead to myocardial infarction. With the movement across the United States of America to legalise marijuana, or cannabis, for medicinal and recreational purposes, it is important to consider its potential deleterious effects. Marijuana has long been thought to have very few adverse effects with the exception of long-term dependence. There are, however, scattered reports of acute adverse events up to and including sudden death. These appear to be due to myocardial infarction. In conclusion, the incidence of sudden death associated with the use of these drugs varies from rare in the case of marijuana use to not infrequent with some drugs such as cocaine. It is important for care providers to recognise the potential for drug abuse when caring for a sudden cardiac arrest survivor.
Discrimination of the “Athlete’s Heart” from real disease by electrocardiogram and echocardiogram
Authors: Erickson Christopher C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractChronic physical training has been shown to produce multiple changes in the heart, resulting in the athlete’s heart phenotype. Some of the changes can make it difficult to discern athlete’s heart from true cardiac disease, most notably hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Other diseases such as dilated cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy may be difficult to rule in or out. In this article, the physiological cardiac changes of chronic athletic training are reviewed. A methodological approach using electrocardiography and echocardiography to differentiate between athlete’s heart and cardiac disease is proposed.
Implantable cardiac devices: the utility of remote monitoring in a paediatric and CHD population
Authors: Olen Melissa M. , Dechert-Crooks Brynn 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRemote monitoring in the modern era has improved outcomes for patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices. There are many advantages to remote monitoring, including improved quality of life for patients, decreased need for in-office interrogation, and secondary reduced costs. Patient safety and enhanced survival remain the most significant benefit. With most of the published literature on this topic being focussed on adults, paediatric outcomes continue to be defined. This is a review of the benefits of remote monitoring in paediatrics and in patients with CHD.
Trauma, Pain, and Psychological Distress
Authors: Carleton R. Nicholas , Duranceau Sophie , McMillan Katherine A. , Asmundson Gordon J. G. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) are highly prevalent ( Breslau, 2002 ) and comorbid disorders ( Otis, Keane, & Kerns, 2003 ). The shared vulnerability model explains this overlap in part through a common attentional bias toward threat ( Asmundson, Coons, Taylor, & Katz, 2002 ). The current study made use of the acoustic startle to assess cognitive bias to threat in participants (n = 106; 64% women) who reported experiencing a motor vehicle accident (MVA). Participants were divided into five groups based on their diagnoses: PTSD, CMP, both PTSD and CMP, any general (i.e., non-PTSD) anxiety disorder with no CMP, and a no-disorder Control group. Self-report measures were used to assess psychological symptoms, trauma response, and pain-related factors. Word stimuli (i.e., trauma, sensory pain, health, pleasant, neutral) were presented visually prior to onset of the acoustic startle probe to assess for diagnosis-congruent attentional biases (e.g., persons with PTSD respond differently to trauma words). Relative to the general anxiety and control group, persons with PTSD or chronic pain demonstrated delayed startle peak and greater startle intensity across all word stimuli types; the results suggest there may be psychophysiologically measurable differences associated with PTSD and pain. The startle probe paradigm remains relatively nascent for such research, but has potential utility for assessment and treatment monitoring. Comprehensive results, discussion, and implications are analyzed.
John Bosco Habarulema Receives 2016 Africa Award for Research Excellence in Space Science
Authors:   AGU
Published: January 2017

John Bosco Habarulema received the 2016 Africa Award for Research Excellence in Space Science at the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting Honors Ceremony, held on 14 December 2016 in San Francisco, Calif. The award honors an early-career scientist from the African continent for "completing significant work that shows the focus and promise of making outstanding contributions to research in Earth and space sciences."