bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delay, Memory, and Messaging Tradeoffs in Distributed Service Systems
Authors: Gamarnik David , Tsitsiklis John N. , Zubeldia Martin 
Published: July 2016

We consider the following distributed service model: jobs with unit mean, exponentially distributed, and independent processing times arrive as a Poisson process of rate λ N, with 0<λ<1, and are immediately dispatched to one of several queues associated with N identical servers with unit processing rate. We assume that the dispatching decisions are made by a central dispatcher endowed with a finite memory, and with the ability to exchange messages with the servers. We study the fundamental resource requirements (memory bits and message exchange rate), in order to drive the expected steady-state queueing delay of a typical job to zero, as N increases. We propose a certain policy and establish (using a fluid limit approach) that it drives the delay to zero when either (i) the message rate grows superlinearly with N, or (ii) the memory grows superlogarithmically with N. Moreover, we show that any policy that has a certain symmetry property, and for which neither condition (i) or (ii) holds, results in an expected queueing delay which is bounded away from zero.
Finally, using the fluid limit approach once more, we show that for any given α>0 (no matter how small), if the policy only uses a linear message rate α N, the resulting asymptotic (as N->∞) expected queueing delay is positive but upper bounded, uniformly over all λ>1. This is a significant improvement over the popular "power-of-d-choices" policy, which has a limiting expected delay that grows as log ←(1/(1-λ)→) when λ↑ 1.
Temporal Tuning of Word- and Face-selective Cortex
Authors: Yeatman Jason D. , Norcia Anthony M. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Sensitivity to temporal change places fundamental limits on object processing in the visual system. An emerging consensus from the behavioral and neuroimaging literature suggests that temporal resolution differs substantially for stimuli of different complexity and for brain areas at different levels of the cortical hierarchy. Here, we used steady-state visually evoked potentials to directly measure three fundamental parameters that characterize the underlying neural response to text and face images: temporal resolution, peak temporal frequency, and response latency. We presented full-screen images of text or a human face, alternated with a scrambled image, at temporal frequencies between 1 and 12 Hz. These images elicited a robust response at the first harmonic that showed differential tuning, scalp topography, and delay for the text and face images. Face-selective responses were maximal at 4 Hz, but text-selective responses, by contrast, were maximal at 1 Hz. The topography of the text image response was strongly left-lateralized at higher stimulation rates, whereas the response to the face image was slightly right-lateralized but nearly bilateral at all frequencies. Both text and face images elicited steady-state activity at more than one apparent latency; we observed early (141–160 msec) and late (&gt;250 msec) text- and face-selective responses. These differences in temporal tuning profiles are likely to reflect differences in the nature of the computations performed by word- and face-selective cortex. Despite the close proximity of word- and face-selective regions on the cortical surface, our measurements demonstrate substantial differences in the temporal dynamics of word- versus face-selective responses.
Empathy or Ownership? Evidence from Corticospinal Excitability Modulation during Pain Observation
Authors: Bucchioni Giulia , Fossataro Carlotta , Cavallo Andrea , Mouras Harold , Neppi-Modona Marco , Garbarini Francesca 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Recent studies show that motor responses similar to those present in one's own pain (freezing effect) occur as a result of observation of pain in others. This finding has been interpreted as the physiological basis of empathy. Alternatively, it can represent the physiological counterpart of an embodiment phenomenon related to the sense of body ownership. We compared the empathy and the ownership hypotheses by manipulating the perspective of the observed hand model receiving pain so that it could be a first-person perspective, the one in which embodiment occurs, or a third-person perspective, the one in which we usually perceive the others. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) by TMS over M1 were recorded from first dorsal interosseous muscle, whereas participants observed video clips showing (a) a needle penetrating or (b) a Q-tip touching a hand model, presented either in first-person or in third-person perspective. We found that a pain-specific inhibition of MEP amplitude (a significantly greater MEP reduction in the “pain” compared with the “touch” conditions) only pertains to the first-person perspective, and it is related to the strength of the self-reported embodiment. We interpreted this corticospinal modulation according to an “affective” conception of body ownership, suggesting that the body I feel as my own is the body I care more about.
An Anatomical Interface between Memory and Oculomotor Systems
Authors: Shen Kelly , Bezgin Gleb , Selvam Rajajee , McIntosh Anthony R. , Ryan Jennifer D. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Visual behavior is guided by memories from prior experience and knowledge of the visual scene. The hippocampal system (HC), in particular, has been implicated in the guidance of saccades: Amnesic patients, following damage to the HC, exhibit selective deficits in their gaze patterns. However, the neural circuitry by which mnemonic representations influence the oculomotor system remains unknown. We used a data-driven, network-based approach on directed anatomical connectivity from the macaque brain to reveal an extensive set of polysnaptic pathways spanning the extrastriate, posterior parietal and prefrontal cortices that potentially mediate the exchange of information between the memory and visuo-oculomotor systems. We additionally show how the potential for directed information flow from the hippocampus to oculomotor control areas is exceptionally high. In particular, the dorsolateral pFC and FEF—regions known to be responsible for the cognitive control of saccades—are topologically well positioned to receive information from the hippocampus. Together with neuropsychological evidence of altered gaze patterns following damage to the hippocampus, our findings suggest that a reconsideration of hippocampal involvement in oculomotor guidance is needed.
Leptin as a critical regulator of hepatocellular carcinoma development through modulation of human telomerase reverse transcriptase
Authors: Stefanou Nikolaos , Papanikolaou Vassilis , Furukawa Yoichi , Nakamura Yusuke , Tsezou Aspasia 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background
Numerous epidemiological studies have documented that obesity is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the biological actions regulated by leptin, the obesity biomarker molecule, and its receptors in HCC and the correlation between leptin and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), a known mediator of cellular immortalization.

Methods
We investigated the relationship between leptin, leptin receptors and hTERT mRNA expression in HCC and healthy liver tissue samples. In HepG2 cells, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to study signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) and myc/mad/max transcription factors downstream of leptin which could be responsible for hTERT regulation. Flow cytometry was used for evaluation of cell cycle modifications and MMP1, 9 and 13 expression after treatment of HepG2 cells with leptin. Blocking of leptin's expression was achieved using siRNA against leptin and transfection with liposomes.

Results
We showed, for the first time, that leptin's expression is highly correlated with hTERT expression levels in HCC liver tissues. We also demonstrated in HepG2 cells that leptin-induced up-regulation of hTERT and TA was mediated through binding of STAT3 and Myc/Max/Mad network proteins on hTERT promoter. We also found that leptin could affect hepatocellular carcinoma progression and invasion through its interaction with cytokines and matrix mettaloproteinases (MMPs) in the tumorigenic microenvironment. Furthermore, we showed that histone modification contributes to leptin's gene regulation in HCC.

Conclusions
We propose that leptin is a key regulator of the malignant properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through modulation of hTERT, a critical player of oncogenesis.
Evaluation of mammographic density patterns: reproducibility and concordance among scales
Authors: Garrido-Estepa Macarena , Ruiz-Perales Francisco , Miranda Josefa , Ascunce Nieves , González-Román Isabel , Sánchez-Contador Carmen , Santamariña Carmen , Moreo Pilar , Vidal Carmen , Peris Mercé , Moreno María P , Váquez-Carrete Jose A , Collado-García Francisca , Casanova Francisco , Ederra María , Salas Dolores , Pollán Marina ,   DDM-Spain
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background
Increased mammographic breast density is a moderate risk factor for breast cancer. Different scales have been proposed for classifying mammographic density. This study sought to assess intra-rater agreement for the most widely used scales (Wolfe, Tabár, BI-RADS and Boyd) and compare them in terms of classifying mammograms as high- or low-density.

Methods
The study covered 3572 mammograms drawn from women included in the DDM-Spain study, carried-out in seven Spanish Autonomous Regions. Each mammogram was read by an expert radiologist and classified using the Wolfe, Tabár, BI-RADS and Boyd scales. In addition, 375 mammograms randomly selected were read a second time to estimate intra-rater agreement for each scale using the kappa statistic. Owing to the ordinal nature of the scales, weighted kappa was computed. The entire set of mammograms (3572) was used to calculate agreement among the different scales in classifying high/low-density patterns, with the kappa statistic being computed on a pair-wise basis. High density was defined as follows: percentage of dense tissue greater than 50% for the Boyd, "heterogeneously dense and extremely dense" categories for the BI-RADS, categories P2 and DY for the Wolfe, and categories IV and V for the Tabár scales.

Results
There was good agreement between the first and second reading, with weighted kappa values of 0.84 for Wolfe, 0.71 for Tabár, 0.90 for BI-RADS, and 0.92 for Boyd scale. Furthermore, there was substantial agreement among the different scales in classifying high- versus low-density patterns. Agreement was almost perfect between the quantitative scales, Boyd and BI-RADS, and good for those based on the observed pattern, i.e., Tabár and Wolfe (kappa 0.81). Agreement was lower when comparing a pattern-based (Wolfe or Tabár) versus a quantitative-based (BI-RADS or Boyd) scale. Moreover, the Wolfe and Tabár scales classified more mammograms in the high-risk group, 46.61 and 37.32% respectively, while this percentage was lower for the quantitative scales (21.89% for BI-RADS and 21.86% for Boyd).

Conclusions
Visual scales of mammographic density show a high reproducibility when appropriate training is provided. Their ability to distinguish between high and low risk render them useful for routine use by breast cancer screening programs. Quantitative-based scales are more specific than pattern-based scales in classifying populations in the high-risk group.
Uma análise de investimentos considerando fatores intangíveis
Authors: Jansen Leila Keiko Canegusuco , Shimizu Tamio , Jansen José Ulisses 
Published: July 2016

As análises para investimentos nas organizações ganham em amplitude quando se utilizam ferramentas de suporte à tomada de decisão, algumas de fácil utilização inclusive sem o uso de softwares específicos, que permitem aos decisores acrescentarem fatores intangíveis aostradicionais critérios econômicos na avaliação de melhores alternativas. Este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso em uma empresa de médio porte, aqui denominada Alfa, do setor eletro-eletrônico, para escolha de nova fonte de energia térmica. Na escolha do investimento também foram acrescentados critérios qualitativos: impacto ambiental e facilidade de operação. A avaliação das alternativas foi feita por dois métodos, o da Teoria da Utilidade e o Analytic Hierarchy Process –AHP, que permitem o tratamento de múltiplos critérios e a inserção de variáveis qualitativas. Apenas para as duas melhores alternativas a análise foi complementada com uma comparação financeira dos custos operacionais futuros. Conclui-se que as metodologias de tomada de decisão possibilitam considerar de modo consistente importantes elementos intangíveis na decisão de investimentos industriais.
Reimagining the Hackensack Meadowlands, 1968-1972
Authors: Hendry Cheryl 
Published: July 2016

The 2016 NJ History and Historic Preservation Conference, "Building a Place for History," occurred June 8 - 9, 2016 at Seton Hall University in South Orange. You can see more about the conference, co- hosted by the NJ Historic Trust, the NJ Historical Commission, the NJ Historic Preservation Office, and the Friends of NJ Heritage, at http://www.njpreservationconference.org/. Organizers invited students and new professionals, dubbed "the future leaders of our history and preservation professions," to submit poster presentations for display at the event. The Council for the Humanities sponsored the poster session, which was judged on site at the conference by Dr. Richard Veit of Monmouth University, Mark Dilonno of the Star Ledger, and Cristen Piatnotchka of the NJ Historical Commission. We are pleased to share winner Cheryl Hendry's poster with you here.
Smart Data Analytics zur Identifikation dynamischer Engpässe in Flexiblen Fertigungssystemen
Authors: Klenner Ferdinand , Lenze David , Schwarzer Samuel , Deuse Jochen , Friedrich Tilman 
Published: July 2016

Zusammenfassung
Flexible Fertigungssysteme (FFS) bilden die konzeptionelle Grundlage einer hoch flexiblen und produktiven
Großserienproduktion. Die inhärente Komplexität dieser Systeme erschwert die Lokalisierung von Engpässen
und damit den produktiven Systembetrieb. Dieser Artikel beschreibt eine Methode, welche mithilfe eines Smart-Data-Modells
dynamische Engpässe in FFS identifiziert. Die damit verbundene Beherrschung der Komplexität bildet die Grundlage
für einen produktiven Betrieb.
Automation strategies for large-scale 3D image analysis
Authors: Stegmaier Johannes , Schott Benjamin , Hübner Eduard , Traub Manuel , Shahid Maryam , Takamiya Masanari , Kobitski Andrei , Hartmann Volker , Stotzka Rainer , van Wezel Jos , Streit Achim , Nienhaus G. Ulrich , Strähle Uwe , Reischl Markus , Mikut Ralf 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
New imaging techniques enable visualizing and analyzing a multitude of unknown phenomena in many areas of science at high
spatio-temporal resolution. The rapidly growing amount of image data, however, can hardly be analyzed manually and, thus,
future research has to focus on automated image analysis methods that allow one to reliably extract the desired
information from large-scale multidimensional image data. Starting with infrastructural challenges, we present new
software tools, validation benchmarks and processing strategies that help coping with large-scale image data. The
presented methods are illustrated on typical problems observed in developmental biology that can be answered, e.g., by
using time-resolved 3D microscopy images.
Characterization of ABS specimens produced via the 3D printing technology for drone structural components
Authors: Ferro Carlo Giovanni , Brischetto Salvatore , Torre Roberto , Maggiore Paolo 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technology
is widely used in rapid prototyping. 3D printers for
home desktop applications are usually employed to make
non-structural objects. When the mechanical stresses are
not excessive, this technology can also be successfully employed
to produce structural objects, not only in prototyping
stage but also in the realization of series pieces.
The innovative idea of the present work is the application
of this technology, implemented in a desktop 3D printer,
to the realization of components for aeronautical use, especially
for unmanned aerial systems. For this purpose,
the paper is devoted to the statistical study of the performance
of a desktop 3D printer to understand how the process
performs and which are the boundary limits of acceptance.
Mechanical and geometrical properties of ABS
(Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) specimens, such as tensile
strength and stiffness, have been evaluated. ASTM638
type specimens have been used. A capability analysis has
been applied for both mechanical and dimensional performances.
Statistically stable limits have been determined
using experimentally collected data.
On the distinction and interrelation between first- and second-order judgments in cultivation research
Authors: Schnauber Anna , Meltzer Christine E. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn cultivation research, differentiation is made between first- and second-order cultivation questions. However, their definition and relation remain unclear. This paper proposes a differentiation that focuses on the type of judgment underlying the respective cultivation questions. The former are frequency and probability judgments, while the latter are evaluative and address attitudes or values. Current theory in the field of cultivation research argues that these types of judgments are tied to on-line (second-order) and memory-based (first-order) processing. Based on psychological literature and a study on the cultivation of crime-related perceptions representative for the German population, we demonstrate that second-order judgments can also be built memory-based. Furthermore, we argue that the interrelation of first- and second-order judgments depends on whether judgments are built on-line or memory-based (especially in the case of second-order judgments). This may account for divergent empirical evidence in the field.
Changes in the Racial Structure of Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni Population in the South of the Russian Federation
Authors: Iwebor Maria , Antonova Tatiana Sergeevna , Saukova Svetlana 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe population of oomycete Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni (sunflower downy mildew pathogen) has been monitored in Krasnodar and Rostov regions and the Republic of Adygea for more than 15 years. Prior to the beginning of the 2000s there were races 100, 300, 310 and 330 in the regions. In the period from 2004 to 2007 races 100, 300, 310 and 700 were recorded sporadically. The race 330 was the most common; in a number of agrocoenoses it was 100 % of samples. In some fields races 710 and 730 prevailed. In 2008–2011 only races 330, 710 and 730 were found; the race 330 have been still prevailed and was also found on Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Since 2012, in the majority of fields races 710 and 730 prevailed, and the race 330 wasn’t allocated in many of them; for the first time in Russia pathotype 334, that able to overcome Pl6, was found in Krasnodar region. In the period of 2013–2015 increased distribution of the race 334 in the Krasnodar region and the Republic of Adygea was observed. At the same time, in 2014 in one field in the Rostov region only races 310 and 330 (prevailed) were identified. The virulence of the pathogen population is closely connected with the cultivated assortment of sunflower. Further spread and accumulation of P. halstedii race 334 and the emergence of new pathogen pathotypes in the said regions are predicted.
Hot Deformation Behavior and Constitutive Modeling of Alloy 800H Considering Effectsof Strain
Authors: Luo Rui , Zheng Qi , Tang Zhending , Yao Yongquan , Xu Guifang , Li Dongsheng , Cheng Xiaonong 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
High-temperature single-pass compression experiments were conducted on alloy 800H using a Gleeble 3500 thermal-mechanical simulation testing machine, and hot deformation behaviors at temperatures of 1,000–1,150 °C and strain rates of 0.01–1 s–1 were investigated. The results revealed that dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior occurred more easily under deformation conditions with relatively low strain rates and high deformation temperatures. By taking the influence of strain on the hot deformation behavior into consideration, a strain-dependent hyperbolic sine constitutive model was constructed. Based on this revised constitutive model, flow stress during deformation was predicted. The linear relation between the predicted value and the experimental result was as high as 0.99648, and the absolute average relative error was 2.019 %. Thus, it was demonstrated that the strain-dependent analysis provided a constitutive model that was able to precisely predict flow stress under experimental conditions.
The Kirkendall Effect and Multi-component Diffusion Simulations
Authors: Wierzba Bartek 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this paper, some aspects of the determination of the concentration profile during diffusion in NiAl–Ti and CMSX4 systems are shown by means of numerical simulations. The results are compared with experiments. The bivelocity method is used to show the evolution of the three-component multiphase system. The simulations present that the local entropy production allows for determination of the profiles in complicated systems.
The effect of exercise intensity on cognitive performance during short duration treadmill running
Authors: Smith Mike , Tallis Jason , Miller Amanda , Clarke Neil D. , Guimarães-Ferreira Lucas , Duncan Michael J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study examined the effect of short duration, moderate and high-intensity exercise on a Go/NoGo task. Fifteen, habitually active (9 females and 6 males aged 28 ± 5 years) agreed to participate in the study and cognitive performance was measured in three sessions lasting 10 min each, performed at three different exercise intensities: rest, moderate and high. Results indicated significant exercise intensity main effects for reaction time (RT) (p = 0.01), the omission error rate (p = 0.027) and the decision error rate (p = 0.011), with significantly longer RTs during high intensity exercise compared to moderate intensity exercise (p = 0.039) and rest (p = 0.023). Mean ± SE of RT (ms) was 395.8 ± 9.1, 396.3 ± 9.1 and 433.5 ± 16.1 for rest, moderate and high intensity exercise, respectively. This pattern was replicated for the error rate with a significantly higher omission error and decision error rate during high intensity exercise compared to moderate intensity exercise (p = 0.003) and rest (p = 0.001). Mean ± SE of omission errors (%) was 0.88 ± 0.23, 0.8 ± 0.23 and 1.8 ± 0.46% for rest, moderate and high intensity exercise, respectively. Likewise, mean ± SE of decision errors (%) was 0.73 ± 0.24, 0.73 ± 0.21 and 1.8 ± 0.31 for rest, moderate and high intensity exercise, respectively. The present study’s results suggest that 10 min workout at high intensity impairs RT performances in habitually active adults compared to rest or moderate intensity exercise.