bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signs and symptoms that distinguish detrusor underactivity from mixed detrusor underactivity and bladder outlet obstruction in male patients
Authors: Gammie Andrew , Kaper Mathilde , Steup Achim , Yoshida Satoshi , Dorrepaal Caroline , Kos Ton , Abrams Paul 
Published: January 2018

AimsThis study aimed to identify signs and symptoms which show differences between men with detrusor underactivity (DU) compared to those with both DU and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO).MethodsOne thousand six hundred and twelve urodynamic tests on male patients were analyzed retrospectively. Signs and symptoms which showed a statistically significant difference between patients with DU alone and patients with both DU+BOO were identified.ResultsIn the DU only group, considering only patients without a history of bladder outlet surgery, the number of daytime micturitions was lower, maximum voided volume on the bladder diary was higher, and slow stream was reported less often, whereas urinary tract infections were reported more often than for DU+BOO males. The average urine flow rate and abdominal pressure at maximum flow were greater in the DU males, compared to the DU+BOO males.ConclusionsThese data suggest that by combining symptoms, medical history and signs, that could be measured without the need for invasive urodynamics, it may be possible to identify men with DU in a non‐invasive way. By doing so, men with DU could be separated from men with both DU+BOO, with sufficient specificity to allow the use of any new non‐surgical treatment modalities, such as new and effective medical therapy.
Development and feasibility assessment of a 3 day electronic bladder diary as an app for smart‐phone
Authors: Mateu Arrom Laura , Peri Cusi Lluís , Franco de Castro Agustín , López‐Fando Luis , Jiménez Cidre Miguel Ángel , Alcaraz Asensio Antonio 
Published: January 2018

AimsTo develop a 3 day bladder diary (BD) as an easy‐to‐use application for smart‐phone (eDM3d). To test its feasibility and acceptance in a reduced number of patients.MethodsAn external agency developed the eDM3d following the structure of the Spanish validated 3 day BD (DM3d©), which includes a frequency‐volume chart, the assessment of the grade of urgency, the incontinence events and fluid intake. The eDM3d consisted in a main interface of four buttons (“wake up,” “go to bed,” “urinate,” “drink”) which had to be clicked to create an event. Results were automatically transferred to an internet server to obtain an electronic report. We recruited 25 patients with overactive bladder syndrome or nocturia and previous experience on paper BD. They were asked to complete the eDM3d. Finally, a direct question about satisfaction was answered: “If you had to complete a BD again, would you choose the paper or the app version?”ResultsThree patients (12%) did not complete the eDM3d, 1 patient (4%) completed 2 days of the eDM3d and did not register volumes of micturition nor fluid intake, 1 patient (4%) completed all 2 days variables and 20 patients (80%) completed all 3 day variables. Regarding satisfaction, 19 patients (86.4%) would choose the app version, 2 patients (9.1%) would choose a paper version and 1 patient (4.5%) would choose either indistinctly.ConclusionsThe eDM3d is a useful tool easily filled in by patients with a high satisfaction rate. Adequate validation of the eDM3d is required.
Relationships between Army nursing practice environments and patient outcomes
Authors: Swiger Pauline A. , Loan Lori A. , Raju Dheeraj , Breckenridge‐Sproat Sara T. , Miltner Rebecca S. , Patrician Patricia A. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTFavorable nursing practice environments have been associated with lower patient mortality, failure to rescue, nurse‐administered medication errors, infections, patient complaints, and patient falls. Favorable environments have also been associated with higher nurse‐reported care quality and patient satisfaction in civilian hospitals. However, limited information exists on the relationship between favorable nursing practice environments and positive outcomes in military facilities. Using 4 years of secondary data collected from 45 units in 10 Army hospitals, generalized estimating equations were used to test the associations between nurses’ scores on the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES‐NWI) and patient outcomes of falls with and without injury, medication administration errors with and without harm, and patient experience. Four significant associations were found between the PES‐NWI subscales and the patient outcomes under study. The Staffing and Resource Adequacy subscale was significantly associated with patient falls, the Collegial Nurse Physician Relations subscale was significantly associated with the rate of nurse‐administered medication errors, and the Nursing Foundations for Quality Care and Collegial Nurse Physician Relations subscales were both significantly associated with patient experience with nursing care. As in civilian hospitals, favorable nursing practice environment was associated with improved patient outcomes within these military nursing units.
Cover Image, Volume 67, Issue 2
Authors: Nazari Tayebe , Garmabi Hamid 
Published: January 2018

The cover image, by Tayebe Nazari and Hamid Garmabi, is based on the Research Article The effects of processing parameters on the morphology of PLA/PEG melt electrospun fibers, DOI: 10.1002/pi.5486.
image
3D Electronic Channels Wrapped Large‐Sized Na3V2(PO4)3 as Flexible Electrode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ni Qiao , Bai Ying , Li Yu , Ling Liming , Li Limin , Chen Guanghai , Wang Zhaohua , Ren Haixia , Wu Feng , Wu Chuan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe development of portable and wearable electronics has aroused the increasing demand for flexible energy‐storage devices, especially for the characteristics of high energy density, excellent mechanical properties, simple synthesis process, and low cost. However, the development of flexible electrodes for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) is still limited due to the intricate production methods and the relatively high‐cost of current collectors such as graphene/graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes. Here, the hierarchical 3D electronic channels wrapped large‐sized Na3V2(PO4)3 is designed and fabricated by a simple electrospinning technique. As flexible electrode material, it exhibits outstanding electrolyte wettability, together with ultrafast electronic conductivity and high Na‐ion diffusion coefficients for SIBs, leading to superior electrochemical performances. A high reversible specific capacity of 116 mA h g−1 (nearly 99% of the theoretical specific capacities) can be obtained at the current density of 0.1 C. Even after a 300‐fold current density increased (30 C), the discharge specific capacity of the flexible electrode still remains 63 mA h g−1. Such an effective concept of fabricating 3D electronic channels for large‐sized particles is expected to accelerate the practical applications of flexible batteries at various systems.
Electrocatalytic N‐Doped Graphitic Nanofiber – Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Composites
Authors: Tang Hongjie , Chen Wei , Wang Jiangyan , Dugger Thomas , Cruz Luz , Kisailus David 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCarbon‐based nanocomposites have shown promising results in replacing commercial Pt/C as high‐performance, low cost, nonprecious metal‐based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts. Developing unique nanostructures of active components (e.g., metal oxides) and carbon materials is essential for their application in next generation electrode materials for fuel cells and metal–air batteries. Herein, a general approach for the production of 1D porous nitrogen‐doped graphitic carbon fibers embedded with active ORR components, (M/MOx, i.e., metal or metal oxide nanoparticles) using a facile two‐step electrospinning and annealing process is reported. Metal nanoparticles/nanoclusters nucleate within the polymer nanofibers and subsequently catalyze graphitization of the surrounding polymer matrix and following oxidation, create an interconnected graphite–metal oxide framework with large pore channels, considerable active sites, and high specific surface area. The metal/metal oxide@N‐doped graphitic carbon fibers, especially Co3O4, exhibit comparable ORR catalytic activity but superior stability and methanol tolerance versus Pt in alkaline solutions, which can be ascribed to the synergistic chemical coupling effects between Co3O4 and robust 1D porous structures composed of interconnected N‐doped graphitic nanocarbon rings. This finding provides a novel insight into the design of functional electrocatalysts using electrospun carbon nanomaterials for their application in energy storage and conversion fields.
Co-Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells and Olfactory Ensheathing Cells for Spinal Cord Injury Repair
Authors: Gomes Eduardo D. , Mendes Sofia S. , Assunção-Silva Rita C. , Teixeira Fábio G. , Pires Ana O. , Anjo Sandra I. , Manadas Bruno , Leite-Almeida Hugo , Gimble Jeffrey M. , Sousa Nuno , Lepore Angelo C. , Silva Nuno A. , Salgado António J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Patients suffering from spinal cord injury (SCI) still have a dismal prognosis. Despite all the efforts developed in this area, currently there are no effective treatments. Therefore, cell therapies have been proposed as a viable alternative to the current treatments used. Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) have been used with promising results in different models of SCI, namely due to the regenerative properties of the secretome of the first, and the guidance capability of the second. Using an in vitro model of axonal growth, the dorsal root ganglia explants, we demonstrated that OECs induce neurite outgrowth mainly through cell-cell interactions, while ASCs' effects are strongly mediated by the release of paracrine factors. A proteomic analysis of ASCs' secretome revealed the presence of proteins involved in VEGF, PI3K, and Cadherin signaling pathways, which may be responsible for the effects observed. Then, the cotransplantation of ASCs and OECs showed to improve motor deficits of SCI-rats. Particular parameters of movement such as stepping, coordination, and toe clearance were improved in rats that received the transplant of cells, in comparison to nontreated rats. A histological analysis of the spinal cord tissues revealed that transplantation of ASCs and OECs had a major effect on the reduction of inflammatory cells close the lesion site. A slight reduction of astrogliosis was also evident. Overall, the results obtained with the present work indicate that the cotransplantation of ASCs and OECs brings important functional benefits to the injured spinal cord.
Concise Review: Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Role of Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Del Re Marzia , Arrigoni Elena , Restante Giuliana , Passaro Antonio , Rofi Eleonora , Crucitta Stefania , De Marinis Filippo , Di Paolo Antonello , Danesi Romano 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAmong the potential mechanisms involved in resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer, the manifestation of stem-like properties in cancer cells seems to have a crucial role. Alterations involved in the development of TKI resistance may be acquired in a very early phase of tumorigenesis, supporting the hypothesis that these aberrations may be present in cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this regard, the characterization of tumor subclones in the initial phase and the identification of the CSCs may be helpful in planning a specific treatment to target selected biomarkers, suppress tumor growth, and prevent drug resistance. The aim of this review is to elucidate the role of CSCs in the development of resistance to TKIs and its implication for the management of patients.
Scientific Literacy in the Wild: Using Multimodal Texts in and out of School
Authors: Buchholz Beth A. , Pyles Damiana Gibbons 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBuilding a better public education system for our children begins with providing students with real‐world learning experiences from the very beginning. To this end, the authors explored how two kindergarten teachers scaffolded scientific literacy learning using an authentic multimodal text before, during, and after a zoo field trip in ways that fostered the identity of kinder “scientists” along with good literacy skills. From their experiences, public educators can help their students develop strong science knowledge and scientific literacy through rich literacy practices intertwined with learning science content, over a period of time, with multiple, varied, and scaffolded uses of an authentic, multimodal text and paired with authentic, out‐of‐school learning experiences.
Gini autocovariance function used for time series with heavy‐tail distributions
Authors: Carcea Marcel D. 
Published: January 2018

The use of covariance is limited by the need of the finite second moment. This restriction excludes the use of heavy tailed distributions and data. By developing methods that only require finite first moment assumption of the variables we allow for heavy tailed scenarios. Such methods would be valid in the heavy tailed setting, conceptually meaningful in a population model and effective in practical applications. Gini autocovariance function (Gini ACV) is defined under merely finite first moment assumption. Conceptually, it plays a similar role as the usual Pearson autocovariance function, and thus represents a new fundamental tool in time series modeling. The latest applications of Gini ACV and Gini autocorrelation function (Gini ACF) are reviewed, providing a big picture of the latest research in the area. The formulation of Gini ACV and Gini ACF is quickly reviewed and followed by the applications in linear time series modeling, unit root test and reversibility test in time series and nonlinear autoregressive Pareto process.This article is categorized under

Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Manifold Learning
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Nonparametric Methods
Statistical Models > Time Series Models
A spectroscopic study of the interaction of nigerloxin, a fungal metabolite, with serum albumin
Authors: Sekhar Rao K. C. , Appu Rao A. G. , Sattur A. P. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractNigerloxin [2‐amido‐3‐hydroxy‐6‐methoxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐(prop‐1′‐enyl) benzoic acid], a fungal metabolite, is an inhibitor of lipoxygenase and aldose reductase with free radical‐scavenging properties. The interaction of nigerloxin with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroic measurements. The fluorescence of BSA was quenched following interaction with nigerloxin, and this property was used to generate a binding constant. The estimated association constant was 1.01±0.2×106 M−1. Job's method of continuous variation indicated that nigerloxin formed a 1∶1±0.1 complex with BSA. To understand the nature of the interaction, the variance in the association constant as a function of temperature in the range of 14–45°C was used to calculate the thermodynamic parameters. The thermodynamic parameters at 27°C derived from the mass action plot and van't Hoff's plot were as follows: ΔG=−8.2±0.1 kcal/mol, ΔH≈0 kcal/mol, and ΔS=27.5±0.4 cal/mol/K (where ΔG is free energy, ΔH is enthalpy, and ΔS is entropy). Increasing ionic strength did not favor interaction. Circular dichroic measurements revealed that the interaction of nigerloxin with BSA did not lead to changes in the secondary structure of the protein. The reversibility of the interaction verified by the dilution method was found to be reversible. These measurements suggest that partial hydrophobic and partial ionic bonding play a role in the interaction of nigerloxin with BSA.
Characterization of epoxy carotenoids by fast atom bombardment collision‐induced dissociation MS/MS
Authors: Maoka Takashi , Fujiwara Yasuhiro , Hashimoto Keiji , Akimoto Naoshige 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe characterization and structure of epoxy carotenoids possessing 5,6‐epoxy, 5,8‐epoxy and 3,6‐epoxy end groups conjugated to the polyene chain were investigated using highenergy fast atom bombardment collision‐induced dissociation MS/MS methods. In addition to [M‐80]+, a characteristic fragment ion of an epoxy carotenoid, product ions resulting from the cleavage of C−C bonds in the polyene chain from the epoxy end group, such as m/z 181 (b ion) and 121 (c ion), were detected. On the other hand, diagnostic ions of m/z 286 (e‐H ion) and 312 (f‐H ion) were observed, not in the 5,6‐epoxy or 5,8‐epoxy carotenoid but in the 3,6‐epoxy carotenoid. These fragmentation patterns can be used to distinguish 3,6‐epoxy carotenoids from 5,6‐epoxy or 5,8‐epoxy carotenoids. The structure of an epoxy carotenoid, 3,6‐epoxy‐5,6‐dihydro‐7′,8′‐didehydro‐β,β‐carotene‐5,3′‐diol (8), isolated from oyster, was characterized using FAB CID‐MS/MS by comparing fragmentation patterns with those of related known compounds.
A mutation in sphingolipid synthesis suppresses defects in yeast ergosterol metabolism
Authors: Valachovic Martin , Wilcox Lisa J. , Sturley Stephen L. , Bard Martin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA mutation in an otherwise nonessential ERG2 gene is synthetically lethal when combined with mutations in two transcription factors encoded by the UPC2 and ECM22 genes. Employing UV mutagenesis, we isolated a suppressor of the triple mutant erg2Δ upc2Δ ecm22Δ. The morpholine‐resistant phenotype of the suppressor was used to identify the suppressor as a mutation in the ELO3 gene. In an expression study on tridemorph‐containing medium, using the inducible GAL1 promoter fused to the ELO3 open reading frame, we demonstrated that suppression occurred only when ELO3 was not expressed. ELO3 encodes an enzyme involved in sphingolipid synthesis required for long‐chain FA synthesis. Surprisingly, a deletion of ELO2, also required for the synthesis of sphingolipid‐containing long‐chain FA, did not suppress the erg2Δ upc2Δ ecm22Δ triple mutant. The sterol composition of the upc2Δ ecm22Δ double mutant reflected regulation of the latter part of the ergosterol synthesis by the Upc2p and Ecm22p transcription factors. This study demonstrates a synergistic relationship between two lipid species, sterols and sphingolipids.
Isolation and synthesis of shark‐repelling saponins
Authors: Williams John R. , Gong Hua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSaponins are complex compounds that are composed of a saccharide attached to a steroid or triterpene. They are natural surfactants, or detergents. Several important biological effects have been ascribed to saponins. They have been isolated from a great number of terrestrial plants. In the animal kingdom they are found in most sea cucumbers and starfish, whereas they are found only rarely in alcyonarians, gorgonians, sponges, and as shark‐repelling compounds in fish. The present review deals with the isolation and some syntheses of the shark‐repelling saponins mosesins‐1 to −5 and pavoninins‐1 to −6 obtained from the fish species Pardachirus.
The electrochemical hydrogenation of edible oils in a solid polymer electrolyte reactor. I. Reactor design and operation
Authors: An Weidong , Hong Jin Ki , Pintauro Peter N. , Warner Kathleen , Neff William 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA new electrochemical method has been devised and tested for the moderate temperature/atmospheric pressure hydrogenation of edible oils, fatty acids, and fatty acid methyl esters. The method employed a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) reactor, similar to that used in H2/O2 fuel cells, with water as the source of hydrogen. The key component of the reactor was a membrane‐electrode‐assembly, composed of a RuO2 powder anode and either a Pt‐black or Pd‐black powder cathode that were hot‐pressed as thin films onto the opposing surfaces of a Nafion cation‐exchange membrane. During reactor operation at a constant applied current, water was back‐fed to the RuO2 anode, where it was oxidized electrochemically to O2 and H+. Protons migrated through the Nafion membrane under the influence of the applied electric field and contacted the Pt or Pd cathode, where they were reduced to atomic and molecular hydrogen. Oil was circulated past the back side of the cathode and unsaturated triglycerides reacted with the electrogenerated hydrogen species. The SPE reactor was operated successfully at a constant applied current density of 0.10 A/cm2 and a temperature between 50 and 80°C with soybean, canola, and cottonseed oils and with mixtures of fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters. Reaction products with iodine values in the range of 60–105 were characterized by a higher stearic acid content and a lower percentage of trans isomers than those produced in a traditional hydrogenation process.
Fatty acid composition of meat from ruminants, with special emphasis on trans fatty acids
Authors: Leth Torben , Ovesen Lars , Hansen Kirsten 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe fatty acid composition was determined in 39 samples of beef, 20 samples of veal, and 34 samples of lamb, representative of the supply of ruminant meat in Denmark. Five cuts of beef and veal and three cuts of lamb with increasing fat content were selected, and analysis of the fatty acid methyl esters was performed by gas‐liquid chromatography (GLC) on a polar 50‐m capillary column CP Sil 88 with flame‐ionization detection. Lamb had the highest content of saturated fatty acids (52.8±1.8 g/100 g fatty acids), higher than beef and veal (45.3±3.1 and 45.4±0.8 g/100 g fatty acids, respectively). Cis monounsaturated fatty acids were 49.2±3.1, 44.9±1.8, and 37.7±1.7, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 3.3±0.7, 5.8±2.0, and 5.0±0.1 g/100 g fatty acids in beef, veal, and lamb, respectively. Beef contained 2.1±0.8 g trans C18:1 per 100 g fatty acids, about half that found in veal (4.0±1.2 g/100 g fatty acids) and lamb (4.5±0.6 g/100 g fatty acids). Trans C16:1 was 0.24±0.01, 0.14±0.02, and 0.79±0.02 g/100 g fatty acids in beef, veal, and lamb, respectively. Only small variations in trans and other fatty acids could be demonstrated between cuts. The overlap between cis and trans C18:1 by capillary GLC was verified by argentation‐thin‐layer chromatography followed by GLC, on three samples of veal and three samples of lamb. In veal 1.0 g, and in lamb 1.4 g trans C18:1 per 100 g fatty acids were hidden under the cis C18:1 peak. The mean intake of trans fatty acids from ruminant meat is estimated at 0.2 g/d.
Synthesis of secondary ethers derived from meadowfoam oil
Authors: Isbell Terry A. , Mund Melissa S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSecondary ethers can be obtained from meadow‐foam‐derived delta lactones or 5‐hydroxy fatty acids by using Lewis or Brønsted acid catalysts in good yield (70–90%). The conversion of δ‐lactone or 5‐hydroxy fatty acid to 5‐ethers is performed under atmospheric pressure between 67 and 125°C with 0.5–6.4 mole equivalents of acid catalyst in the presence of 2–40 equivalents of alcohol and a reaction time of 1–140 h. Acid catalysts include mineral acids, such as perchloric and sulfuric; Lewis acids, such as boron trifluoride; and heterogeneous catalysts, such as clays and ion‐exchange resins. Primary alcohols, such as methanol, butanol, decanol, and oleyl alcohol, or branched‐chain alcohols, such as 2‐ethylhexanol, can be used to make secondary ether fatty esters. The 5‐ether fatty esters and the process for their formation have not been previously known and appear to be limited to structures where stabilized cations can be formed. The novel ethers were fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry.