bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“One Can Veil and Be a Singer!”
Authors: Hemmasi Farzaneh 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article explores the media controversy surrounding the victory of Ermia, a veiled female vocalist, on the 2013 expatriate Iranian talent competition Googoosh Music Academy (GMA). A historically and ethnographically informed “ethnotextual” analysis of a selection of Persian-language television programs, articles and news reports, weblogs, and Facebook posts responding to Ermia reveals how a reality television contestant came to disturb simplistic but powerful binaries of modest/immodest, religious/secular, Iranian/Western, and national/diasporic as she combined signifying elements of these positions into one unsettling figure. The article shows how Ermia’s case gathered political valence through the contentious transnational Iranian mediascape and the televised talent genre’s premise—representing “real,” “ordinary” contestants and fostering audience participation. I argue that GMA became a space for publicly playing with cultural norms, political participation, and the politics of piety at some distance from the pressures that make publicly living difference so challenging.
A Direct Test of Agency Theories of Debt: Evidence from Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities
Authors: Huang Yilin , Nadauld Taylor D. 
Published: October 2017

When a firm is facing default, equity holders have incentives to engage in asset substitution, underinvest, or directly transfer wealth. Few papers document investment distortions on account of debt-equity agency conflicts, only that the threat of distortions influence ex ante financing costs. A nonagency residential mortgage-backed security deal represents an entity that is highly leveraged where, ex ante, equity holders know they will face default. This provides an ideal laboratory for testing whether the threat of default creates any of the distortions predicted in theory. We estimate a lower bound on agency costs associated with direct wealth transfers to be in the range of $.018 per dollar. The Internet appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2853 . This paper was accepted by Amit Seru, finance.
Ideal Clutters That Do Not Pack
Authors: Abdi Ahmad , Pashkovich Kanstantsin , Cornuéjols Gérard 
Published: October 2017

For a clutter 𝒞 over ground set E, a pair of distinct elements e, f ∈ E are coexclusive if every minimal cover contains at most one of them. An identification of 𝒞 is another clutter obtained after identifying coexclusive elements of 𝒞. If a clutter is nonpacking, then so is any identification of it. Inspired by this observation, and impelled by the lack of a qualitative characterization for ideal minimally nonpacking (mnp) clutters, we reduce ideal mnp clutters even further by taking their identifications. In doing so, we reveal chains of ideal mnp clutters, demonstrate the centrality of mnp clutters with covering number two, as well as provide a qualitative characterization of irreducible ideal mnp clutters with covering number two. At the core of this characterization lies a class of objects, called marginal cuboids, that naturally give rise to ideal nonpacking clutters with covering number two. We present an explicit class of marginal cuboids, and show that the corresponding clutters have one of Q6, Q2, 1, Q10 as a minor, where Q6, Q2, 1 are known ideal mnp clutters, and Q10 is a new ideal mnp clutter.
Palliative care for people living with end-stage pulmonary disease
Authors: Pople Josephine 
Published: October 2017

Twenty years ago, the case was made for people with life-limiting medical conditions other than cancer to receive specialist palliative care services. The recommendation came from the National Council for Hospice and Specialist Palliative Care Services ( Addington Hall, 1998 ). Since then, research and practice have developed to make this a reality. We now see people with non-curative medical conditions, often referred to as being in the end stages of their chronic condition, receiving care and treatment by palliative care practitioners. There is, however, a long way to go before the rhetoric of ‘palliative care for all’ becomes a reality. Few people with end-stage pulmonary disease have access to hospice and specialist palliative care services. This article focuses on end-stage pulmonary disease, a term that encompasses all non-malignant, chronic lung conditions that progress to end-of-life care. An overview of the pathophysiology of the condition is given. Focus is placed on the stages of the disease and common patient problems, using case studies to highlight how the disease processes develop to become end stage and require palliative care. The article highlights the need for care planning at the end of life and the palliative care measures required to ensure good quality care centred on both physical and psychosocial aspects. This article will appear as a chapter in Adult Palliative Care for Nursing, Health and Social Care, edited by John Costello, to be published by SAGE Publications Ltd in 2018. It is reproduced with kind permission of SAGE Publications Ltd.
Palliative care for people with advanced major neuro-cognitive disorders
Authors: Crowther Jacqueline , Costello John 
Published: October 2017

Major neuro-cognitive disorders are life-limiting illnesses. However, unlike other life-limiting illnesses, the disease trajectory is often long, protracted and unpredictable. Prognostication of end of life can be problematic and access to specialist palliative care services, including hospice, are limited, variable and inequitable, resulting in negative experiences at this time. Major neuro-cognitive disorders will be discussed initially in broad terms, considering the most common types and symptoms. Palliative and end-of-life care, including legal and ethical issues, are addressed and awareness raised of different types of major neuro-cognitive disorders, common symptoms and common nursing problems associated with major neuro-cognitive disorders at end of life. The needs of family and lay caregivers, who form an important part of the overall experience of major neuro-cognitive disorders, are also highlighted. Advance Care Planning is an important part of end-of-life care. Some of the challenges involved in facilitating Advanced Care Planning (ACP) with people with major neuro-cognitive disorders and caregivers are also considered. The need for palliative care practitioners to recognise the individuality of the patient and be aware that not all patients experiencing major neuro-cognitive disorders share the same set of symptoms, as in other life limiting illnesses, is also highlighted. It is important for specialist palliative care practitioners to recognise the transferability of existing knowledge, skills and expertise to the care of people with advanced major neuro-cognitive disorders as end of life approaches. Collaboration, partnership and the sharing of knowledge and skills is crucial to the development of good end-of-life care for people with these conditions, development of the workforce and the creation of positive experiences and subsequent memories after death.This article will appear as a chapter in Adult Palliative Care for Nursing, Health and Social Care, edited by John Costello, to be published by SAGE Publications Ltd in 2018. It is reproduced with kind permission of SAGE Publications Ltd.
Predictors of High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Elevation in Patients with Acute Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia and Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Sayadnik Mehdi , Shafiee Akbar , Jenab Yaser , Jalali Arash , Sadeghian Saeed 
Published: October 2017

We studied the predictors and patterns of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) elevation in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) in the presence and absence of ischemic heart disease.
During calendar year 2013, we enrolled 70 of 72 consecutive adult patients with PSVT who presented at our center within 4 hours after the onset of tachycardia. On the basis of increased hs-cTnT at either of 2 initial measurements, we divided patients into groups (hs-cTnT–positive and hs-cTnT–negative), to study the predictors of enzyme elevation. We then divided the hs-cTnT–positive patients into 2 groups—those with and those without ischemic heart disease—and compared hs-cTnT changes.
We observed hs-cTnT elevation in 52 of the 70 patients (74.3%). The hs-cTnT–positive patients were significantly older (P=0.008) and had a significantly higher duration of tachycardia (P=0.01). Older age, the presence of chest pain, lower diastolic blood pressure, and longer duration of tachycardia increased the odds of enzyme elevation. Among patients with elevated hs-cTnT levels, the baseline and maximal hs-cTnT levels were significantly higher in ischemic patients (P=0.01 and P=0.003, respectively). The increase in hs-cTnT seemed to be higher and longer in ischemic patients, although this was not statistically significant (P=0.908). Finally, hs-cTnT did not decrease to baseline levels within 48 hours in either group.
We found that hs-cTnT levels increased in all our patients with PSVT, more so in those with ischemic heart disease.
Tolerance of Sustained Ventricular Fibrillation During Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support
Authors: Baldwin Andrew C.W. , Gemmato Courtney J. , Sandoval Elena , Cohn William E. , Morgan Jeffrey A. , Frazier O.H. 
Published: October 2017

The widespread use of continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices for mechanical circulatory support has shown that long-term hemodynamic support is possible, even when a clinical “pulse” cannot be detected. We present the incidental discovery of ventricular fibrillation in 6 alert, hemodynamically stable patients supported only by a continuous-flow device (HeartMate II, n=5; Jarvik 2000, n=1). Ventricular fibrillation was found in 3 patients during routine outpatient follow-up visits and in 3 awaiting discharge from the hospital after device placement. Diagnosis was confirmed by electrocardiographic and echocardiographic studies.
The average duration of mechanical circulatory support before ventricular fibrillation occurred was 221 ± 362 days (range, 5–864 d). All patients were conscious and ambulatory at the time of the arrhythmia. Three patients reported symptoms—primarily fatigue, nausea, and exertional dyspnea—that prompted evaluation. Serum chemistry analysis of blood drawn immediately after diagnosis showed no changes that suggested end-organ dysfunction. Three patients died of unrelated complications an average of 3.9 yr (range, 360–2,270 d) after the event. Two of the remaining 3 patients eventually underwent successful pump explantation, and one is on ongoing support.
Our experience shows that it is possible for patients with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices to remain hemodynamically stable while in ventricular fibrillation. Additional investigation is needed to determine whether defibrillator settings for these patients should be adjusted to limit delivery of shock therapy.
Left Circumflex Coronary Artery as the Culprit Vessel in ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ghanim Diab , Kusniec Fabio , Kinany Wadi , Qarawani Dahud , Meerkin David , Taha Khaled , Amir Offer , Carasso Shemy 
Published: October 2017

The prevalence of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) as the culprit vessel in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is reportedly lowest among that of the 3 main epicardial arteries, and has not been described for non-STEMI (NSTEMI) and stable angina pectoris. We sought to define the distribution of culprit arteries in these clinical presentations and suggest mechanisms for the differences.
We reviewed 189 coronary angiograms of patients with STEMI, 203 with NSTEMI, and 548 with stable angina (n=940), and compared distributions of stenotic and culprit coronary arteries (lesions prompting intervention).
Obstructive coronary lesions (≥50% narrowing) were more prevalent in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) (36%–38%) and similar in the LCx and right coronary artery (RCA) (27%–29%), regardless of clinical presentation (P <0.01). In NSTEMI and stable angina, culprit vessels and total obstructive disease had the same distribution. In STEMI, however, a culprit LCx was significantly less prevalent (17%) than was total obstructive disease (27%; P <0.01), or a culprit LAD (47%) or RCA (34%) (both P <0.001). In our computed tomographic angiographic model of coronary longitudinal strain (percentage of shortening), LCx strain was only 1.5% ± 2.4%, versus 9.5% ± 2.9% for LAD strain and 10.1% ± 3.9% for RCA strain.
In STEMI, LCx plaques seem less prone to rupturing. Culprit and total disease distributions are similar in NSTEMI and angina, suggesting a different ischemic pathophysiology in these presentations. Lower LCx longitudinal strain might contribute to reduced plaque rupture in STEMI.
A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E A EXTENSÃO NA UNIVERSIDADE: UM BREVE OLHAR SOBRE A GAROUPA VERDADEIRA (Epinephelus marginatus) E OS PEIXES COSTEIROS NO EXTREMO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Neves Kerolen Rosa das , Condini Mario Vinicius , Garcia Alexandre Miranda , Botelho Joziel Gonçalves 
Published: October 2017

Dentre os impactos antrópicos mais comuns sobre os ecossistemas marinhos e costeiros podemos citar a instalação de indústrias próximas à zona costeira, poluição, sobre pesca e destruição dos habitats. Uma forma de problematizar e discutir como o homem têm-se relacionado com os mares é promover no ambiente escolar um espaço aberto para debates, exposições de ideias e questionamentos. Buscamos, assim, desenvolver diferentes metodologias em torno de peixes costeiros com enfoque na garoupa-verdadeira (Epinephelus marginatus) que intentam estimular o desenvolvimento de estudantes com uma leitura crítica da realidade do município em que vivem, a fim de tornar mais profícuo e enriquecedor o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Neste enquadramento, o presente trabalho traz também algumas discussões acerca de como a educação ambiental e a extensão têm-se colocado na universidade. Sendo o município do Rio Grande\RS cenário de diferentes conflitos ambientais, procurou-se elaborar estratégias educacionais que fossem de encontro a essas problemáticas que estão intimamente relacionadas com as vivências dos estudantes.
Legitimacy of Entry-Oriented Strategy in DeBakey I Dissection in the Era of Endovascular Therapy
Authors: Ghazy Tamer , Kappert Utz , Hoffmann Ralf-Thorsten , Hegelmann Helena , Fajfrova Zuzana , Eraqi Mohamed , Matschke Klaus , Weiss Norbert , Mahlmann Adrian 
Published: October 2017

Background: Legitimacy of entry-oriented therapy for DeBakey I aortic dissection is of eminent importance in the era of emerging ascending aorta endovascular therapy. This study aims to evaluate early, midterm, and reintervention results of entry-oriented operative strategy compared to more aggressive strategies for treatment of DeBakey type I aortic dissection with an isolated intimal tear in the ascending aorta.Methods: This study prospectively followed 98 consecutive patients who received an operation for DeBakey type I aortic dissection with the intimal tear in the ascending aorta between 2007 and 2013 for up to 6 years. Follow-up included survival, medical therapy, CT-imaging results, and reinterventions. Patients were grouped into entry-oriented (group I) receiving an isolated replacement of the ascending aorta and/or hemiarch (65 patients); and aggressive therapy (group II) receiving a replacement of the ascending aorta and complete aortic arch (33 patients). Results: The in-hospital mortality was 19% and 23% respectively. The 3-year survival was 52% and 47% respectively (P = .193). Group II showed no advantage regarding persistence or progression of the dissection, thrombosis of false lumen, increase in aortic diameter, peripheral organ malperfusion (as assessed by follow-up computed tomography imaging) or freedom from reintervention. Conclusion: In treating DeBakey I aortic dissection with an entry tear in the ascending aorta, it might be legitimate to adopt an entry-oriented operative strategy. Further research is also needed to clearly describe the indication of extending the operative strategy in such cases.
Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Antonic Miha 
Published: October 2017

Background: Even minor postoperative reductions in renal function influence the outcome of cardiac surgery. The mechanisms of postoperative renal injury in cardiac surgery are multifactorial and include ischemia-reperfusion injury. The study investigates the effect of the antioxidant ascorbic acid on the postoperative acute kidney injury after elective CABG surgery.Methods: A prospective randomized single-center trial was conducted in on-pump coronary artery bypass patients. The patients in the ascorbic acid group received 2 grams of ascorbic acid 24 hours and 2 hours preoperatively and 1 gram twice daily five days after the surgery. Postoperatively, the subjects were monitored for renal dysfunction and other complications.Results: 100 patients were included, with 50 patients in each study group. The groups were well matched for baseline demographics, preoperative medications, comorbidities, and had similar intraoperative characteristics. The incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury in the ascorbic acid group was 16% and 14% in the control group (P = .779). The groups also did not differ in peak postoperative serum creatinine (83 [33] µmol/L versus 83 [39] µmol/L; P = .434), the lowest postoperative creatinine clearance (96.40 ± 35.78 mL/min versus 90.89 ± 36.18 mL/min; P = .766), and time from surgery to the onset of peak postoperative serum creatinine (1.64 ± 1.34 days versus 1.92 ± 1.54 days; P = .393). There was no dialysis required in any patient. Conclusion: The results of this study did not demonstrate a significant protective effect of ascorbic acid on the incidence of postoperative acute renal injury in elective on-pump CABG patients.
rSalvador: An R Package for the Fluctuation Experiment
Authors: Zheng Qi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe past few years have seen a surge of novel applications of the Luria-Delbrück fluctuation assay protocol in bacterial research. Appropriate analysis of fluctuation assay data often requires computational methods that are unavailable in the popular web tool FALCOR. This paper introduces an R package named rSalvador to bring improvements to the field. The paper focuses on rSalvador’s capabilities to alleviate three kinds of problems found in recent investigations: (i) resorting to partial plating without properly accounting for the effects of partial plating; (ii) conducting attendant fitness assays without incorporating mutants’ relative fitness in subsequent data analysis; and (iii) comparing mutation rates using methods that are in general inapplicable to fluctuation assay data. In addition, the paper touches on rSalvador’s capabilities to estimate sample size and the difficulties related to parameter nonidentifiability.
Cholesterol in Childhood
Authors:   Committee on Nutrition
Published: October 2017

This Policy Statement was retired January 2006.
This updated statement reviews the scientific justification for the recommendations of dietary changes in all healthy children (a population approach) and a strategy to identify and treat children who are at highest risk for the development of accelerated atherosclerosis in early adult life (an individualized approach). Although the precise fraction of risk for future coronary heart disease conveyed by elevated cholesterol levels in childhood is unknown, clear epidemiologic and experimental evidence indicates that the risk is significant. Diet changes that lower fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol intake in children and adolescents can be applied safely and acceptably, resulting in improved plasma lipid profiles that, if carried into adult life, have the potential to reduce atherosclerotic vascular disease.
Growth and Final Height Among Children With Phenylketonuria
Authors: Thiele Alena G. , Gausche Ruth , Lindenberg Cornelia , Beger Christoph , Arelin Maria , Rohde Carmen , Mütze Ulrike , Weigel Johannes F. , Mohnike Klaus , Baerwald Christoph , Scholz Markus , Kiess Wieland , Pfäffle Roland , Beblo Skadi 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Growth is an important criterion to evaluate health in childhood and adolescence, especially in patients depending on special dietary treatment. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is the most common inherited disease of amino acid metabolism. Patients with PKU depend on a special phenylalanine-restricted diet, low in natural protein. The study aimed to evaluate growth, growth rate, and target height in 224 patients with PKU.METHODS:Retrospective, longitudinal analysis of standardized, yearly measurements of height, weight, and calculated growth rate (SD score [SDS]) of patients with PKU aged 0 to 18 years were conducted by using the national computerized CrescNet database. Inclusion was restricted to patients carried to term with a confirmed diagnosis of PKU or mild hyperphenylalaninemia determined by newborn screening and early treatment initiation.RESULTS:From birth to adulthood, patients with PKU were significantly shorter than healthy German children (height SDS at 18 years: −0.882 ± 0.108, P &lt; .001). They missed their target height by 3 cm by adulthood (women: P = .02) and 5 cm (men: P = .01). In patients receiving casein hydrolysate during childhood, this was more pronounced compared with patients receiving amino acid mixtures (P &lt; .001). Growth rate was significantly reduced during their first 2 years of life and in puberty (growth rate SDS: −1.1 to −0.5 m/year, P &lt; .001 and −0.5; P &lt; .02).CONCLUSIONS:Early diagnosed, treated, and continuously monitored patients with PKU showed reduced height from birth onward. During the last 2 decades, this phenomenon attenuated, probably because of advances in PKU therapy related to protein supplements and special low-protein foods.
Sinusitis maxillaris mint a fogászati cone-beam komputertomográfiás vizsgálat melléklelete
Authors: Schreindorfer Károly , Kiss Ágnes , Marada Gyula 
Published: October 2017

Abstract: Introduction: Cone-beam computed tomography is a frequently used diagnostical method in the head and neck region. The thickening of the maxillary sinus mucosa is often observed in these images. Aim: Determining the prevalence of teeth and roots that can be identified as cause of maxillary odontogenic sinusitis, and recording the average observed mucosa thickening on these images. Method: The scans that give the base of the study have been performed by the Department of Dentistry of Medical University of Pécs between 2015–2016. The size of the voxels had been varied between 0.25 and 0.4 mm and the size of the image had been set up to 15×12 cm. The acquisition time had been set up to 27 seconds. Results: 170 cases of the 260 revised records fulfilled the initial criterion conditions. The average mucosa thickness was 8.8 mm. During the present study, the upper first molars palatal and the second molars mesiobuccal roots were mainly associated with maxillary odontogenic sinusitis. Conclusion: Whether in the case of chronic maxillary sinusitis that is not or only temporarily responsive to conventional therapy, may it be justifiable to provide dental consultation and cone-beam computed tomography to exclude the dental origin of sinusitis. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(44): 1747–1753.