bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mumps Virus Nucleoprotein and Hemagglutinin-Specific Antibody Response Following a Third Dose of Measles Mumps Rubella Vaccine
Authors: Latner Donald R , Parker Fiebelkorn Amy , McGrew Marcia , Williams Nobia J , Coleman Laura A , McLean Huong Q , Rubin Steven , Hickman Carole J 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
Recent mumps outbreaks among 2-dose measles mumps rubella (MMR) vaccine recipients have raised questions regarding the potential benefits of a third dose of vaccine (MMR3). If MMR3 provides a sustained elevation in mumps antibody, it may be beneficial for certain at-risk groups or as an outbreak control measure.

Methods
Sera were collected immediately prior to MMR3 and at 1 month and 1 year post-MMR3 from 656 healthy adults aged 18–28 years in a nonoutbreak setting. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using whole mumps virus (commercial ELISA), hemagglutinin (HN; major neutralizing target), and nucleoprotein (NP; immunodominant) antigens. ELISA measurements were compared with in vitro plaque reduction neutralization (PRN) titers, and baseline antibody was compared with post-MMR3 levels.

Results
There were modest but statistically significant (P &lt; .05) increases in mumps antibody at 1 month post-MMR3 by all 3 ELISA methods and by PRN titer. At 1 year post-MMR3, mumps antibody declined toward baseline but remained elevated (P &lt; .05). The correlation between PRN titers and ELISA measurements was poor (r2 = .49), although sera with the highest amount of HN IgG also had the highest PRN titers.

Conclusions
Individuals with the lowest baseline PRN titers had the largest increase in frequency of samples that became positive for HN and NP by ELISA. A third dose of MMR may benefit certain individuals with a low level of mumps virus–neutralizing antibody, especially in the context of an outbreak or other high-risk setting. Additionally, poor correlation among serologic tests does not allow effective prediction of PRN titer by ELISA.
Potential Risk Factors Affecting Repeated Canalith Repositioning Procedures in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Yoon Junghee , Lee Jong Bin , Lee Ho Yun , Lee Byung Don , Lee Chi Kyou , Choi Seong Jun 
Published: December 2017

Objective:
To define the risk factors and adverse effects associated with repeated canalith repositioning procedures (CRPs).

Study Design:
A case series featuring chart review.

Setting:
An academic university hospital.

Patients:
We retrospectively reviewed 1900 patients (average age, 54.9 years; range, 11–88 years) diagnosed with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). All underwent repeated CRPs. We recorded clinical features including age, gender, BPPV cause (idiopathic or secondary), symptom duration, the canal involved, the number of sessions of CRP, recurrence, follow-up duration, and complications. We compared these factors using Pearson's chi-squared test and multiple linear regression analysis with dummy variables.

Interventions:
BPPV was diagnosed based on the results of the head roll and Dix-Hallpike tests.

Results:
The overall BPPV resolution rate for patients treated with repeated CRPs was 96.4%. The risk factors for the need for multiple CRPs in BPPV were the duration of vertigo before treatment (β = 0.326, p < 0.001), the type of canal involved (β = 0.130, p < 0.001), and age (β = 0.040, p = 0.040). The explanatory power of the regression model attained 46.0% (F = 172.510, p < 0.001). The failure rate of repeated CRPs was 3.6% and complications included canal conversion (3.1%), nausea (46.4%), vomiting (4.9%), head heaviness (50.8%), imbalance (31.9%), and hypotension or palpitations (8.6%). However, almost all patients recovered.

Conclusion:
The risk factors associated with the need for Multiple CRPs were as follows: longer duration of vertigo before treatment, bilateral or multiple canal involved, and age >50 years.
Functional connectivity of music-induced analgesia in fibromyalgia
Authors: Pando-Naude Victor , Barrios Fernando A. , Alcauter Sarael , Pasaye Erick H. , Vase Lene , Brattico Elvira , Vuust Peter , Garza-Villarreal Eduardo A. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTListening to self-chosen, pleasant and relaxing music reduces pain in fibromyalgia (FM), a chronic central pain condition. However, the neural correlates of this effect are fairly unknown and could be regarded as a more direct measure of analgesia. In our study, we wished to investigate the neural correlates of music-induced analgesia (MIA) in fibromyalgia patients. To do this, we studied 20 FM patients and 20 matched healthy controls (HC) acquiring rs-fMRI with a 3T MRI scanner, and pain data before and after two 5-min auditory conditions: music and noise. We performed resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) seed-based correlation analyses (SCA) using pain and analgesia-related ROIs to determine the effects before and after the music intervention in FM and HC, and its correlation with pain reports. We found significant differences in baseline rs-FC between FM and HC. Both groups showed changes in rs-FC in several ROIs after the music condition between different areas, that were left lateralized in FM and right lateralized in HC. FM patients reported MIA that was significantly correlated with rs-FC decrease between the angular gyrus, posterior cingulate cortex and precuneus, and rs-FC increase between amygdala and middle frontal gyrus. These areas are related to autobiographical and limbic processes, and auditory attention, suggesting MIA may arise as a consequence of top-down modulation, probably originated by distraction, relaxation, positive emotion, or a combination of these mechanisms.
Genetic knockdown and knockout approaches in Hydra
Authors: Lommel Mark , Tursch Anja , Rustarazo-Calvo Laura , Trageser Benjamin , Holstein Thomas W. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHydra is a member of the Cnidaria, an ancient phylum at the base of metazoan evolution and sister group to all bilaterian animals. The regeneration capacity of Hydra, mediated by its stem cell systems is unparalleled in the animal kingdom. The recent sequencing of the Hydra genome and that of other cnidarians has drawn new attention to this well-known model organism. In spite of this, the establishment of methods to manipulate gene expression in Hydra have remained a major challenge. Here we report a CRISPR-Cas9 based targeted mutation approach as well as an optimized, reproducible strategy for the delivery of siRNAs. Both approaches are based on a refined electroporation protocol for adult Hydra polyps. We demonstrate that these strategies provide reliable genetic interference with target gene expression, facilitating functional studies and genome editing in Hydra.
Neural Representations Behind ‘Social Norm’ Inferences In Humans
Authors: Pegado Felipe , Hendriks Michelle H.A. , Amelynck Steffie , Daniels Nicky , Bulthé Jessica , Lee Masson Haemy , Boets Bart , Op de Beeck Hans 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHumans are highly skilled in social reasoning, e.g., inferring thoughts of others. This mentalizing ability systematically recruits brain regions such as Temporo-Parietal Junction (TPJ), Precuneus (PC) and medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC). Further, posterior mPFC is associated with allocentric mentalizing and conflict monitoring while anterior mPFC is associated with self-related mentalizing. Here we extend this work to how we reason not just about what one person thinks but about the abstract shared social norm. We apply functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate neural representations while participants judge the social congruency between emotional auditory in relation to visual scenes according to how ‘most people’ would perceive it. Behaviorally, judging according to a social norm increased the similarity of response patterns among participants. Multivoxel pattern analysis revealed that social congruency information was not represented in visual and auditory areas, but was clear in most parts of the mentalizing network: TPJ, PC and posterior (but not anterior) mPFC. Furthermore, interindividual variability in anterior mPFC representations was inversely related to the behavioral ability to adjust to the social norm. Our results suggest that social norm inferencing is associated with a distributed and partially individually specific representation of social congruency in the mentalizing network.
Continuous addition of progenitors forms the cardiac ventricle in zebrafish
Authors: Felker Anastasia , Prummel Karin D. , Merks Anne M. , Mickoleit Michaela , Brombacher Eline C. , Huisken Jan , Panáková Daniela , Mosimann Christian 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe vertebrate heart develops from several progenitor lineages. After early-differentiating first heart field (FHF) progenitors form the linear heart tube, late-differentiating second heart field (SHF) progenitors extend atrium, ventricle, and form the inflow and outflow tracts (IFT/OFT). However, the position and migration of late-differentiating progenitors during heart formation remains unclear. Here, we tracked zebrafish heart development using transgenics based on the cardiopharyngeal transcription factor genetbx1. Live-imaging uncovered atbx1reporter-expressing cell sheath that from anterior lateral plate mesoderm continuously disseminates towards the forming heart tube. High-speed imaging and optogenetic lineage tracing corroborated that the zebrafish ventricle forms through continuous addition from the undifferentiated progenitor sheath followed by late-phase accrual of the bulbus arteriosus (BA). FGF inhibition during sheath migration reduced ventricle size and abolished BA formation, refining the window of FGF action during OFT formation. Our findings consolidate previous end-point analyses and establish zebrafish ventricle formation as a continuous process.
How to reinvent the High Street: evidence from the HS2020
Authors: Theodoridis Costas , Ntounis Nikos , Pal John 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to present and critically discuss the findings of the ESRC-funded HS2020 project. The aim is to discuss the retail-led change that has happened to the High Streets that participated to the project that, in some cases, is revolutionary and is leading to the reinvention of the place. To do so reference is made to various retail change theories discussing both institutional and consumer-led change.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a discussion paper on the findings of the HS2020 project.

Findings
The major finding reported in this paper is that the reinvention is a natural learning process that involves the comprehension of change and the development of knowledge that will lead to the reinvention of the High Street.

Research limitations/implications
The findings of the research are based on data that were collected from a total of ten towns across the UK.

Practical implications
The paper suggests that to reinvent the High Street the stakeholders that are involved in the place decision-making processes they should embrace the change as a natural development and try to understand and learn from it rather than resisting to it. The HS2020 project provides a comprehensive guide of the areas that change can be managed and if it happens it can facilitate the reinvention.

Originality/value
The paper is relevant to the academic community, as it offers insight to the theories of retail change, and to the practitioners, as it provides evidence as to how to deal with the change that happens to the High Streets.
The ignorant manager: conceptualising impact with Rancière
Authors: Scott Deborah 
Published: December 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer a response to expressions in the literature concerning the limitations of critical reflection, using Rancière’s exposition of the role of values and reasonableness to examine how forms of negotiated work-based learning can support learners’ pathways to impact in their organisation. The implications for work applied management in terms of enabling these employees to make an impact are considered.Design/methodology/approachVignettes illuminate and articulate Rancière’s (1991, 2010) ideas, the vignettes constructed through events experienced and narrated, perhaps imagined, tutorial conversations, assignments and work practices. Such construction of “multiple layers of fiction and narrative imaginings” draws on Sparkes (2007, p. 522). They consider individuals’ negotiation of working practices using ideas developed during their studies, and personal and professional development prompted by unexpected insights into their capabilities, interests, and possible roles.FindingsNegotiated work-based learning appears to offer the individual opportunity to take responsibility for action in his/her learning and in his/her workplace, but effect depends on several factors, and can be perceived in different ways. Students’ encounter with autonomy in their studies resonates with Rancière’s belief in equality. In the workplace (becoming “citizens” alongside “reasonable” individuals) their agency might, at best, lead to “reasonable moments”, as they encounter both negative and positive challenges of work applied management.Practical implicationsSuccessful utilisation of agency in learning prompts expectations of responsibility and equality in the workplace. Such equality can lead to diverse, unpredicted insights and consequent opportunities for changes in practice.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to utilise Ranciére’s ideas to offer a critical consideration of both learning provision and workplace practice. Consideration of his profound stance on individuals’ freedom and agency provides rich (but challenging) prompts for analysis of one’s own practice, and the potential for impact when the manager is “ignorant”.
Impact through coaching: does the use of models limit connectedness in coaching?
Authors: Robins Rachel Veronica 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
Models are currently used extensively in the delivery of coaching. These models are used to give structure and form by coaches. The purpose of this paper is to present an alternative viewpoint of the impact of the use of models in the coaching relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach taken has been to reflect on recent conversations across professional networks. The cooperative curiosity and questioning of some of our professional assumptions explores using models in coaching to enhances our practice, rather than limiting it. The paper acts as an exploratory prompt to question our practice and the role of the coach in the client/coach relationship.

Findings
The paper suggests that models are used, to a greater extent by the more inexperienced coaches to support their early practice. It is suggested that with greater experience, there is less reliance and use of format and recognised models. The paper proposes the more experienced coach provides “freedom without models” creating an alternative type of environment.

Practical implications
The implications of this paper are that if the authors are to grow and develop the practice and profession, there is a need to continue to research what current practice is delivering and offering the clients. The authors need to question if the early career coaches have the skills to meet the needs of the clients who engage them.

Originality/value
Researching our practice intends to will spark new ideas that may enhance the coaching practice and deliver the requirements of clients looking for development in a volatile and challenging corporate business world.
The challenges of managing degree apprentices in the workplace
Authors: Rowe Lisa , Moss Daniel , Moore Neil , Perrin David 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the issues and challenges facing employers as they manage degree apprentices in the workplace. It examines the relationship between managers and apprentices undertaking a work-based degree. This research is of particular relevance at this time because of the UK Government’s initiative to expand the number of apprenticeships in the workplace to three million new starts by 2020, inevitably bringing a range of pressures to bear on employers (BIS, 2015). The purpose is to share early experiences of employer management of degree apprenticeships, and provide a range of recommendations to develop and improve employer and higher education institution (HEI) practice.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper combines desk research with qualitative data drawn from interviews with a range of cross-sector organisations to investigate the employer’s experience of developing the new degree apprenticeships. Data are explored inductively using thematic analysis in order to surface dominant patterns and considers the implications of findings upon current and emerging HEI and employer practice and research.

Findings
There were a number of key themes which emerged from the data collected. These included the need for effective, employer-led recruitment processes, careful management of expectations, sound HEI retention strategies, employer involvement and board-level motivators to ensure organisational benefits are derived from effectively situated workplace learning and a focus upon effective, empowering mentoring and support strategies.

Research limitations/implications
As degree apprenticeship standards and programmes are currently at the early stages of implementation, and opportunities, funding and resourcing are rapidly changing in the context of government policy, so too will employer appetite and strategies for supporting degree apprentices, along with apprentice behaviour. This means that additional findings, beyond those highlighted within this paper, may emerge in the near future.

Practical implications
There are a number of practical implications supporting managerial development and support of degree apprentices in the workplace from this research. These are reflected in the findings, and include the development of flexible and collaborative processes, resources, mentor training and networks.

Originality/value
This paper is one of the first published accounts of the employers’ perspective of managing a degree apprenticeship within the new policy context in the UK. As a result, the work offers a unique insight into the emerging challenges and issues encountered by managers working with degree apprentices in the twenty-first century business environment.
Tree leaf and root traits mediate soil faunal contribution to litter decomposition across an elevational gradient
Authors: Fujii Saori , Cornelissen Johannes H. C. , Berg Matty P. , Mori Akira S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPlant litter decomposition is key to carbon and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Soil fauna are important litter decomposers, but how their contribution to decomposition changes with alterations in plant composition and climate is not well established.Here, we quantified how soil mesofauna affect decomposition rate interactively with climate and leaf and root traits. We conducted an in situ decomposition experiment using eight dominant tree species per forest site across four elevations (50, 400, 600 and 1,000 m a.s.l.) in northern Japan. We used litterbags with different mesh sizes to control litter accessibility to soil mesofauna.We found stronger effects of plant litter quality on both decomposition rates and faunal contribution thereto, and perhaps of local variation in soil nutritional and moisture regimes, than climatic effects of elevation. This suggests that changing climate likely alters forest litter decomposition rates indirectly through shifts in tree community composition more than directly through changing abiotic regimes. Considering both leaves and roots as litter resources enlarged the overall contribution of variation in litter quality to decomposition rates and faunal effects thereupon, because litter quality and decomposition rate varied more between leaves and roots overall than among leaves within and across elevations.The contribution of mesofauna to litter decomposition was larger in nutrient‐rich litter than in recalcitrant litter across the elevational gradient, suggesting amplification of the effect of litter traits on decomposition through preference of soil fauna for their food resources.Our findings highlight the importance of considering synergistic influences of soil faunal activities with litter traits of both leaves and roots for better understanding biogeochemical processes across environmental gradients over space or time.Aplain language summaryis available for this article.
Habitat heterogeneity induces rapid changes in the feeding behaviour of generalist arthropod predators
Authors: Staudacher Karin , Rennstam Rubbmark Oskar , Birkhofer Klaus , Malsher Gerard , Sint Daniela , Jonsson Mattias , Traugott Michael 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe “habitat heterogeneity hypothesis” predicts positive effects of structural complexity on species coexistence. Increasing habitat heterogeneity can change the diversity (number of species, abundances) and the functional roles of communities. The latter, however, is not well understood as species and individuals may respond very differently and dynamically to a changing environment.Here, we experimentally test how habitat heterogeneity affects generalist arthropod predators, including epigaeic spiders, carabid and staphylinid beetles, under natural conditions by assessing their diversity and directly measuring their trophic interactions (which provide a proxy for their functional roles). The experiment was conducted in spring barley fields in Southern Sweden where habitat heterogeneity was manipulated by increasing within‐field plant diversity.Increased habitat heterogeneity triggered rapid changes in the feeding behaviour of generalist predators characterized by lower trophic specialization at both network (H2’, degree of interaction specialization in the entire network) and species level (d’, degree of interaction specialization at the species level). We presume that this is because spatial separation resulted in relaxed competition and allowed an increased overlap in resources used among predator species. Predators collected from heterogenous habitats also showed greater individual‐level dietary variability which might be ascribed to relaxed intraspecific competition.Our results provide conclusive evidence that habitat heterogeneity can induce rapid behavioural responses independent of changes in diversity, potentially promoting the stability of ecosystem functions.Aplain language summaryis available for this article.
Dose rectification of an imbalance between DPP4 and GLP‐1 ameliorates chronic stress‐related vascular aging and atherosclerosis?
Authors: Cheng Xian Wu , Narisawa Megumi , Jin Enze , Yu Chenglin , Xu Wenhu , Piao Limei 
Published: December 2017

SummaryExposure to psychosocial stress is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including vascular aging and regeneration. Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) exerts many physiological and pharmacological functions by regulating its extremely abundant substrates [eg., glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1), stromal cell‐derived factor‐1α/C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type‐4, etc.]. Over the past decade, emerging data has revealed unexpected roles for DPP‐4 and GLP‐1 in intracellular signaling, oxidative stress production, lipid metabolism, cell apoptosis, immune activation, insulin resistance, and inflammation. This mini review focuses on recent findings in this field, highlighting an imbalance between DPP4 and GLP‐1 as a potential therapeutic target in the management of vascular aging and atherosclerosis in animals under experimental stress conditions.