bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Job-major match and job satisfaction in Italy
Authors: Boccuzzo Giovanna , Fabbris Luigi , Paccagnella Omar 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to study how graduates’ jobs may be determined by their educational performances and social background. In particular, the authors investigate job-education mismatch and job satisfaction to evaluate whether time spent and effort exerted during university studies were compensated with a good job.Design/methodology/approach– Data on the occupational status of the graduates 36 months after graduation, collected by the Padua University on its graduates, are analysed by means of univariate and multivariate methodologies. In particular, the pathways from graduates’ social capital to job satisfaction are investigated through a structural equation modelling approach.Findings– The authors find that a minority of graduates can be considered as overeducated when considering the requirements of the labour market, but many graduates state that any degree would suffice for their job. Multivariate analyses show that graduates’ job quality is related to their university choice and outcome, high school choice and performance, social capital. Destiny is written from the beginning of the educational pathway, but students can affect their labour market future with an appropriate choice of university programme.Originality/value– The qualified point of this paper lies on the complexity of the model adopted for the analysis and its ability to highlight direct and indirect effects: two job outcomes (job-major match and job satisfaction) are the variables of interest, analysed within a structural model covering all educational stages of the Italian educational pathway, from parental social background to university degree.
The impact of repeated ad exposure on spillover from low fit extensions to a global brand
Authors: Lane Vicki R. , Fastoso Fernando 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– Previous research warns against low-fit extensions as prone to causing negative spillover and, through it, harming the parent brand equity. Using the theory of schema-triggered affect and the link formation hypothesis, the purpose of this paper is to develop and tests predictions as to how negative spillover from low-fit extensions can be actively managed through repeated ad exposure.

Design/methodology/approach
– A controlled experiment assesses the response of US consumers to the Dutch Heineken brand, a top 100 global brand, following sequential and repeated exposure to print ads depicting extensions for either Heineken wheat beer (i.e. a high-fit extension) or Heineken pretzels (i.e. a low-fit extension). Analytical methods include multiple regression, ANOVA, and t-tests.

Findings
– The findings show that repeated ad exposure has a positive moderating effect on the magnitude of spillover from extension to brand. Second, the findings also show that repeated ad exposure changes the valence of spillover from low-fit extension to brand from negative to positive. In combination, the findings suggest that low-fit brand extensions can, when carefully managed, be a viable strategic option for market growth that is especially relevant for global brands.

Research limitations/implications
– This research shows that repeated ad exposure can change the valence of spillover from low-fit extensions to the parent brand from negative to positive. Future research should extend the work by considering other brands and alternative tools that managers can use to make low-fit extensions a viable strategic choice.

Practical implications
– This study finds, in contrast to previous research, that managers should indeed consider low-fit brand extensions as a viable strategic option for brand growth. This is possible because the findings show that repeated ad exposure can be used to control potential negative spillover from a low-fit extension to parent brand. This conclusion is particularly relevant for global brands, i.e. brands for which the opportunity costs of limiting global expansion and the financial investment necessary to establish a new brand with global appeal are substantial.

Originality/value
– This paper differs from other spillover studies by manipulating repeated ad exposure, a mechanism which the authors theoretically link to spillover and which managers can also directly influence. In doing so, this paper offers a theoretical explanation and an empirical test of how negative spillover from low-fit extensions can be managed.
Collaboration as a strategy for promoting equity in education: possibilities and barriers
Authors: Ainscow Mel 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The paper reflects on the findings of a program of research, which, over many years, has explored ways of promoting greater equity in schools and education systems. Using examples from the field, the paper provides an explanation of what this involves. In so doing it identifies potential barriers that have to be addressed and suggestions as to how these might be overcome. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper draws on a series of studies what uses a “development and research” approach This is one of a family of methodologies referred to by as “design-based implementation research.” These aim to transcend traditional research/practice barriers to facilitate the design of educational interventions that are “effective, sustainable, and scalable.” They are seen as occurring when researcher and practitioner knowledge meet in particular sites, aimed at producing new knowledge about ways in which broad values might better be realized in future practice.

Findings
– The experiences described in this paper suggest a way forward that policy makers could use to ensure that the impetus that comes from greater school autonomy will lead to improvements that will benefit all children and young people.

Research limitations/implications
– In thinking about how the approach described might be used more widely it is essential to recognize that it does not offer a simple recipe that can be lifted and transferred between contexts. Rather, it defines an approach to improvement that uses processes of contextual analysis in order to create strategies that fit particular circumstances.

Practical implications
– The argument presented is based on an assumption that education systems have further potential to improve themselves, provided policy makers allow the space for practitioners to make use of the expertise and creativity that lies trapped within individual classrooms. The aim must be to “move knowledge around” and the best way to do this is through strengthening collaboration within schools, between schools and beyond schools.

Originality/value
– The paper draws together findings from an extensive program of research in order to develop new thinking regarding ways of promoting equity in education.
Ethiopian new public universities
Authors: Van Deuren Rita , Kahsu Tsegazeab , Mohammed Seid , Woldie Wondimu 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– This paper aims to analyze and illustrate achievements and challenges of Ethiopian higher education, both at the system level and at the level of new public universities.Design/methodology/approach– Achievements and challenges at the system level are based on literature review and secondary data. Illustrative case studies are based on university data and interviews with university representatives.Findings– The Ethiopian higher education system has increased its enrollments substantially. The construction of 13 new universities that started enrolling students around 2007 contributed greatly to this achievement. Challenges accompanying this growth lie in funding, quality and quantity of staffing, teaching practices, research and community service, quality assurance and gender balance.Originality/value– The present study contributes to existing literature by describing case studies illustrating challenges and achievements in new public universities in Ethiopian higher education.
A Novel IgM‐capture enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant Vag8 fusion protein for the accurate and early diagnosis of Bordetella pertussis infection
Authors: Otsuka Nao , Gotoh Kensei , Nishimura Naoko , Ozaki Takao , Nakamura Yukitsugu , Haga Kiyohito , Yamazaki Makoto , Gondaira Fumio , Okada Kenji , Miyaji Yusuke , Toyoizumi‐Ajisaka Hiromi , Shibayama Keigo , Arakawa Yoshichika , Kamachi Kazunari 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTAn ELISA that measures anti‐PT IgG antibody has been used widely for the serodiagnosis of pertussis; however, the IgG‐based ELISA is inadequate for patients during the acute phase of the disease because of the slow response of anti‐PT IgG antibodies. To solve this problem, we developed a novel IgM‐capture ELISA that measures serum anti‐Bordetella pertussis Vag8 IgM levels for the accurate and early diagnosis of pertussis. First, we confirmed that Vag8 was highly expressed in all B. pertussis isolates tested (n = 30), but little or none in other Bordetella species, and that DTaP vaccines did not induce anti‐Vag8 IgG antibodies in mice (i.e. the antibody level could be unaffected by the vaccination). To determine the immune response to Vag8 in B. pertussis infection, anti‐Vag8 IgM levels were compared between 38 patients (acute phase of pertussis) and 29 healthy individuals using the anti‐Vag8 IgM‐capture ELISA. The results revealed that the anti‐Vag8 IgM levels were significantly higher in the patients compared with the healthy individuals (P < 0.001). ROC analysis also showed that the anti‐Vag8 IgM‐capture ELISA has higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC, 0.92) than a commercial anti‐PT IgG ELISA kit. Moreover, it was shown that anti‐Vag8 IgM antibodies were induced earlier than anti‐PT IgG antibodies on sequential patients’ sera. These data indicate that our novel anti‐Vag8 IgM‐capture ELISA is a potentially useful tool for making the accurate and early diagnosis of B. pertussis infection.
Effects of extracerebral dopamine on salsolinol‐ or thyrotropin‐releasing hormone‐induced prolactin (PRL) secretion in goats
Authors: Inaba Yuki , Kato Yuki , Itou Azumi , Chiba Aoi , Sawai Ken , Fülöp Ferenc , Nagy György Miklos , Hashizume Tsutomu 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of extracerebral dopamine (DA) on salsolinol (SAL)‐induced prolactin (PRL) secretion in goats. An intravenous injection of SAL or thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) was given to female goats before and after treatment with an extracerebral DA receptor antagonist, domperidone (DOM), and the PRL‐releasing response to SAL was compared with that to TRH. DOM alone increased plasma PRL concentrations and the PRL‐releasing response to DOM alone was greater than that to either SAL alone or TRH alone. The PRL‐releasing response to DOM plus SAL was similar to that to DOM alone, and no additive effect of DOM and SAL on the secretion of PRL was observed. In contrast, the PRL‐releasing response to DOM plus TRH was greater than that to either TRH alone or DOM alone and DOM synergistically increased TRH‐induced PRL secretion. The present results demonstrate that the mechanism involved in PRL secretion by SAL differs from that by TRH, and suggest that the extracerebral DA might be associated in part with the modulation of SAL‐induced PRL secretion in goats.
Pancreas volume and fat fraction in children with Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Regnell S. E. , Peterson P. , Trinh L. , Broberg P. , Leander P. , Lernmark Å. , Månsson S. , Elding Larsson H. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimsPeople with Type 1 diabetes have smaller pancreases than healthy individuals. Several diseases causing pancreatic atrophy are associated with pancreatic steatosis, but pancreatic fat in Type 1 diabetes has not been measured. This cross‐sectional study aimed to compare pancreas size and fat fraction in children with Type 1 diabetes and controls.MethodsThe volume and fat fraction of the pancreases of 22 children with Type 1 diabetes and 29 controls were determined using magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsPancreas volume was 27% smaller in children with diabetes (median 34.9 cm3) than in controls (47.8 cm3; P < 0.001). Pancreas volume correlated positively with age in controls (P = 0.033), but not in children with diabetes (P = 0.649). Pancreas volume did not correlate with diabetes duration, but it did correlate positively with units of insulin/kg body weight/day (P = 0.048). A linear model of pancreas volume as influenced by age, body surface area and insulin units/kg body weight/day found that insulin dosage correlated with pancreas volume after controlling for both age and body surface area (P = 0.009). Pancreatic fat fraction was not significantly different between the two groups (1.34% vs. 1.57%; P = 0.891).ConclusionsOur findings do not indicate that pancreatic atrophy in Type 1 diabetes is associated with an increased pancreatic fat fraction, unlike some other diseases featuring reduced pancreatic volume. We speculate that our results may support the hypotheses that much of pancreatic atrophy in Type 1 diabetes occurs before the clinical onset of the disease and that exogenous insulin administration decelerates pancreatic atrophy after diabetes onset.
Reasons why patients referred to diabetes education programmes choose not to attend: a systematic review
Authors: Horigan G. , Davies M. , Findlay‐White F. , Chaney D. , Coates V. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimsTo identify the reasons why those offered a place on diabetes education programmes declined the opportunity.BackgroundIt is well established that diabetes education is critical to optimum diabetes care; it improves metabolic control, prevents complications, improves quality of life and empowers people to make informed choices to manage their condition. Despite the significant clinical and personal rewards offered by diabetes education, programmes are underused, with a significant proportion of patients choosing not to attend.MethodsA systematic search of the following databases was conducted for the period from 2005–2015: Medline; EMBASE; Scopus; CINAHL; and PsycINFO. Studies that met the inclusion criteria focusing on patient‐reported reasons for non‐attendance at structured diabetes education were selected.ResultsA total of 12 studies spanning quantitative and qualitative methodologies were included. The selected studies were published in Europe, USA, Pakistan, Canada and India, with a total sample size of 2260 people. Two broad categories of non‐attender were identified: 1) those who could not attend for logistical, medical or financial reasons (e.g. timing, costs or existing comorbidities) and 2) those who would not attend because they perceived no benefit from doing so, felt they had sufficient knowledge already or had emotional and cultural reasons (e.g. no perceived problem, denial or negative feelings towards education). Diabetes education was declined for many reasons, and the range of expressed reasons was more diverse and complex than anticipated.ConclusionNew and innovative methods of delivering diabetes education are required which address the needs of people with diabetes whilst maintaining quality and efficiency.
Limited impact of fibromodulin deficiency on the development of experimental skin fibrosis
Authors: Andréasson Kristofer , Gustafsson Renata , Rydell‐Törmänen Kristina , Westergren‐Thorsson Gunilla , Saxne Tore , Hesselstrand Roger 
Published: March 2016

AbstractExcessive production of collagen is the hallmark of fatal diseases of fibrosis such as systemic sclerosis. Overexpression of the proteoglycan fibromodulin (FMOD) has been associated with improved wound healing and scarless repair. In this study, we have investigated the consequences of FMOD deficiency on the development of experimental skin fibrosis. Using immunohistochemistry, we identified FMOD in both human and murine fibrotic skin. In the bleomycin model of skin fibrosis, FMOD−/− mice developed skin fibrosis to a similar degree compared to FMOD+/+ mice. Analysis of skin ultrastructure using transmission electron microscopy revealed a significant reduction in collagen fibril diameter in FMOD−/− but not FMOD+/+ mice following fibrosis. We conclude that the impact of FMOD deficiency on the development of experimental skin fibrosis is limited.
Functional annotation of the T‐cell immunoglobulin mucin family in birds
Authors: Hu Tuanjun , Wu Zhiguang , Vervelde Lonneke , Rothwell Lisa , Hume David A. , Kaiser Pete 
Published: March 2016

SummaryT‐cell immunoglobulin and mucin (TIM) family molecules are cell membrane proteins, preferentially expressed on various immune cells and implicated in recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells. Little is known of their function outside human and mouse, and nothing outside mammals. We identified only two TIM genes (chTIM) in the chicken genome, putative orthologues of mammalian TIM1 and TIM4, and cloned the respective cDNAs. Like mammalian TIM1, chTIM1 expression was restricted to lymphoid tissues and immune cells. The gene chTIM4 encodes at least five splice variants with distinct expression profiles that also varied between strains of chicken. Expression of chTIM4 was detected in myeloid antigen‐presenting cells, and in γδ T cells, whereas mammalian TIM4 is not expressed in T cells. Like the mammalian proteins, chTIM1 and chTIM4 fusion proteins bind to phosphatidylserine, and are thereby implicated in recognition of apoptotic cells. The chTIM4–immunoglobulin fusion protein also had co‐stimulatory activity on chicken T cells, suggesting a function in antigen presentation.
Assisted or Protected Mealtimes? Exploring the impact of hospital mealtime practices on meal intake
Authors: Young Adrienne , Allia Amy , Jolliffe Lisa , de Jersey Susie , Mudge Alison , McRae Prue , Banks Merrilyn 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the impact of mealtime practices (meal time preparation, assistance and interruptions) on meal intake of inpatients in acute hospital wards.BackgroundIt is common for patients to eat poorly while in hospital, related to patient and illness factors and possibly mealtime practices. Few studies have quantified the impact of mealtime practices on the meal intake of hospital patients.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsStructured observations were conducted at 601 meals across four wards (oncology, medical and orthopaedic and vascular surgical) during 2013. Each ward was observed by two dietitians and/or nurses for two breakfasts, lunches and dinners over 2 weeks. Data were collected on patient positioning, mealtime assistance, interruptions and meal intake (visual estimate of plate waste). Associations between mealtime practices and ‘good’ intake (prospectively defined as ≥75% of meal) were identified using chi‐squared tests.ResultsSitting up for the meal was associated with good intake, compared with lying in bed. Timely mealtime assistance (within 10 minutes) was associated with good intake, compared with delayed or no assistance. Mealtime interruptions had no impact on intake. Forty percent of patients (n = 241) ate half or less of their meal, with 10% (n = 61) eating none of the meal provided.ConclusionTimely mealtime assistance and positioning for the meal may be important factors that facilitate intake among hospital patients, while mealtime interruptions appeared to have no impact on intake. To improve intake of older inpatients, mealtime programmes should focus on ‘assisted mealtimes’ rather than only Protected Mealtimes.
Molecular Characterization of Gyr‐A Gene Polymorphism in Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis Isolated of Egg Shells
Authors: Doosti Abbas , Mokhtari‐Farsani Abbas , Chehelgerdi Mohammad 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSalmonella is one of the important bacteria in egg and as major source in bacterial infection transfer to human and animals. It has been proven that gyrA gene can mediate in resistance and reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones, therefore the aim of the present study was to determine gyrA gene polymorphism in S. enterica ser. Enteritidis isolated from egg shell using PCR‐RFLP assay. A total of 300 samples of egg shells were collected from seven aviculture in Chaharmahal Va Bakhtiari province and genomic DNA was extracted using DNA extraction kit. PCR‐RFLP assay was used to identification of gyrA gene polymorphism using HinfI and BanI restriction endonuclease enzymes. A total of 85 ser. Enteritidis was detected from 300 samples and gyrA gene was isolated from all 85 positive ser. Enteritidis that out of 85 gyrA gene, 23 samples (27%) and 25 samples (29.4%) were respectively positive for HinfI and BanI enzymes. The results of the present study showed a relatively low prevalence of ser. Enteritidis infection in egg shells, but the rate of gyrA gene mutation was high that is very disturbing.Practical ApplicationsCurrently, at least 2610 serovars of S.enterica have been recognized worldwide, and all seem to be capable of causing disease in humans. Therefore, S.enterica remains a microbial threat in terms of standards and food safety, and the use of molecular techniques for analysis of antimicrobial resistance and its reasons in Salmonella spp. specifically S.enterica is of high importance. Our study may provide more insights to design new therapeutic plans including limited use of antimicrobial drugs in human and animals, performing antimicrobial susceptibility tests to select suitable antimicrobial agent, and application of recommended dosage of antibiotic. Also the present study can be used to help guide selection of antimicrobials for use in poultry industry and the treatment of diseases associated with Salmonella spp. especially S. enterica subsp enterica ser. Enteritidis.
Ticket to ride: export of proteins to the Plasmodium falciparum‐infected erythrocyte
Authors: Przyborski Jude M. , Nyboer Britta , Lanzer Michael 
Published: March 2016

SummaryThe malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum exports numerous proteins to its chosen host cell, the mature human erythrocyte. Many of these proteins are important for parasite survival. To reach the host cell, parasites must cross multiple membrane barriers and then furthermore be targeted to their correct sub‐cellular localisation. This novel transport pathway has received much research attention in the past decades, especially as many of the mechanisms are expected to be parasite‐specific and thus potential targets for drug development. In this article we summarize some of the most recent advances in this field, and highlight areas in which further research is needed.