bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor Activity of Pembrolizumab in Biomarker-Unselected Patients With Recurrent and/or Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Results From the Phase Ib KEYNOTE-012 Expansion Cohort
Authors: Chow Laura Q.M. , Haddad Robert , Gupta Shilpa , Mahipal Amit , Mehra Ranee , Tahara Makoto , Berger Raanan , Eder Joseph Paul , Burtness Barbara , Lee Se-Hoon , Keam Bhumsuk , Kang Hyunseok , Muro Kei , Weiss Jared , Geva Ravit , Lin Chia-Chi , Chung Hyun Cheol , Meister Amy , Dolled-Filhart Marisa , Pathiraja Kumudu , Cheng Jonathan D. , Seiwert Tanguy Y. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose Treatment with pembrolizumab, an anti–programmed death-1 antibody, at 10 mg/kg administered once every 2 weeks, displayed durable antitumor activity in programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) –positive recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the KEYNOTE-012 trial. Results from the expansion cohort, in which patients with HNSCC, irrespective of biomarker status, received a fixed dose of pembrolizumab at a less frequent dosing schedule, are reported. Patients and Methods Patients with R/M HNSCC, irrespective of PD-L1 or human papillomavirus status, received pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously once every 3 weeks. Imaging was performed every 8 weeks. Primary end points were overall response rate (ORR) per central imaging vendor (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1) and safety. Secondary end points included progression-free survival, overall survival, and association of response and PD-L1 expression. Patients who received one or more doses of pembrolizumab were included in analyses. Results Of 132 patients enrolled, median age was 60 years (range, 25 to 84 years), 83% were male, and 57% received two or more lines of therapy for R/M disease. ORR was 18% (95% CI, 12 to 26) by central imaging vendor and 20% (95% CI, 13 to 28) by investigator review. Median duration of response was not reached (range, ≥ 2 to ≥ 11 months). Six-month progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 23% and 59%, respectively. By using tumor and immune cells, a statistically significant increase in ORR was observed for PD-L1–positive versus –negative patients (22% v 4%; P = .021). Treatment-related adverse events of any grade and grade ≥ 3 events occurred in 62% and 9% of patients, respectively. Conclusion Fixed-dose pembrolizumab 200 mg administered once every 3 weeks was well tolerated and yielded a clinically meaningful ORR with evidence of durable responses, which supports further development of this regimen in patients with advanced HNSCC.
Pneumonitis in Patients Treated With Anti–Programmed Death-1/Programmed Death Ligand 1 Therapy
Authors: Naidoo Jarushka , Wang Xuan , Woo Kaitlin M. , Iyriboz Tunc , Halpenny Darragh , Cunningham Jane , Chaft Jamie E. , Segal Neil H. , Callahan Margaret K. , Lesokhin Alexander M. , Rosenberg Jonathan , Voss Martin H. , Rudin Charles M. , Rizvi Hira , Hou Xue , Rodriguez Katherine , Albano Melanie , Gordon Ruth-Ann , Leduc Charles , Rekhtman Natasha , Harris Bianca , Menzies Alexander M. , Guminski Alexander D. , Carlino Matteo S. , Kong Benjamin Y. , Wolchok Jedd D. , Postow Michael A. , Long Georgina V. , Hellmann Matthew D. 
Published: September 2016

Purpose Pneumonitis is an uncommon but potentially fatal toxicity of anti–programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features are poorly described. Methods Patients who received anti–PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy or in combination with anti–cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte associated antigen-4 mAb were identified at two institutions (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center: advanced solid cancers, 2009 to 2014, and Melanoma Institute of Australia: melanomas only, 2013 to 2015). Pneumonitis was diagnosed by the treating investigator; cases with confirmed malignant lung infiltration or infection were excluded. Clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of pneumonitis were collected. Associations among pneumonitis incidence, therapy received, and underlying malignancy were examined with Fisher’s exact test as were associations between pneumonitis features and outcomes. Results Of 915 patients who received anti–PD-1/PD-L1 mAbs, pneumonitis developed in 43 (5%; 95% CI, 3% to 6%; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 27 of 578 [5%]; Melanoma Institute of Australia, 16 of 337 [5%]). Time to onset of pneumonitis ranged from 9 days to 19.2 months. The incidence of pneumonitis was higher with combination immunotherapy versus monotherapy (19 of 199 [10%] v 24 of 716 [3%]; P < .01). Incidence was similar in patients with melanoma and non–small-cell lung cancer (overall, 26 of 532 [5%] v nine of 209 [4%]; monotherapy, 15 of 417 v five of 152 [ P = 1.0]; combination, 11 of 115 v four of 57 [ P = .78]). Seventy-two percent (31 of 43) of cases were grade 1 to 2, and 86% (37 of 43) improved/resolved with drug holding/immunosuppression. Five patients worsened clinically and died during the course of pneumonitis treatment; proximal cause of death was pneumonitis (n = 1), infection related to immunosuppression (n = 3), or progressive cancer (n = 1). Radiologic and pathologic features of pneumonitis were diverse. Conclusion Pneumonitis associated with anti–PD-1/PD-L1 mAbs is a toxicity of variable onset and clinical, radiologic, and pathologic appearances. It is more common when anti–PD-1/PD-L1 mAbs are combined with anti–cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte associated antigen-4 mAb. Most events are low grade and improve/resolve with drug holding/immunosuppression. Rarely, pneumonitis worsens despite immunosuppression, and may result in infection and/or death.
Statins Are Associated With Reduced Mortality in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Sanfilippo Kristen Marie , Keller Jesse , Gage Brian F. , Luo Suhong , Wang Tzu-Fei , Moskowitz Gerald , Gumbel Jason , Blue Brandon , O’Brian Katiuscia , Carson Kenneth R. 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) have activity in one of the pathways influenced by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, which are associated with improved survival in multiple myeloma (MM). To understand the benefit of statins in MM, we evaluated the association between statin use and mortality in a large cohort of patients with MM.Patients and MethodsFrom the Veterans Administration Central Cancer Registry, we identified patients diagnosed with MM between 1999 and 2013. We defined statin use as the presence of any prescription for a statin within 3 months before or any time after MM diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards regression assessed the association of statin use with mortality, while controlling for known MM prognostic factors.ResultsWe identified a cohort of 4,957 patients, of whom 2,294 received statin therapy. Statin use was associated with a 21% decrease in all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.86; P < .001) as well as a 24% decrease in MM-specific mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.86; P < .001). This association remained significant across all sensitivity analyses. In addition to reductions in mortality, statin use was associated with a 31% decreased risk of developing a skeletal-related event.ConclusionIn this cohort study of US veterans with MM, statin therapy was associated with a reduced risk of both all-cause and MM-specific mortality. Our findings suggest a potential role for statin therapy in patients with MM. The putative benefit of statin therapy in MM should be corroborated in prospective studies.
The Risk of Preeclampsia According to High Thyroid Function in Pregnancy Differs by hCG Concentration
Authors: Korevaar Tim I. M. , Steegers Eric A. P. , Chaker Layal , Medici Marco , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. , Visser Theo J. , de Rijke Yolanda B. , Peeters Robin P. 
Published: September 2016

Context:
During pregnancy, there is an increased demand for thyroid hormone. The pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is an important physiological stimulator of thyroid function. Already high-normal maternal free T4 concentrations are associated with a higher risk of preeclampsia.

Objective:
The objective of the investigation was to study our hypothesis that hCG concentrations can distinguish a physiological form of high thyroid function from a more pathological form of high thyroid function and that the risk of preeclampsia would differ accordingly.

Design:
TSH, free T4, hCG, or thyroperoxidase antibody concentrations were determined in pregnant women participating in a population-based prospective cohort study.

Setting:
The study was conducted in the general community.

Participants:
A nonselected sample of 5146 pregnant women participated in the study.

Interventions:
There were no interventions.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Preeclampsia was measured.

Results:
Women with high hCG-associated high thyroid function did not have a higher risk of preeclampsia than women with normal thyroid function. In contrast, women with low hCG and high thyroid function had a 3.4- to 11.1-fold higher risk of preeclampsia. These risk estimates were amplified in women with a high body mass index. Women with a low hCG and suppressed TSH (&lt;0.10 mU/L) had a 3.2- to 8.9-fold higher risk of preeclampsia. hCG was not associated with preeclampsia, and results remained similar after exclusion of thyroperoxidase antibody-positive women.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that, in contrast to women with a high hCG associated high thyroid function, women with low hCG and high thyroid function during pregnancy are at a higher risk of developing preeclampsia. The additional measurement of hCG may therefore help to distinguish a more pathological form of high thyroid function and women at a high risk of preeclampsia.
Intraoperative Real-Time Localization of Normal Parathyroid Glands With Autofluorescence Imaging
Authors: Kim Sung Won , Song Seo Hyun , Lee Hyoung Shin , Noh Woong Jae , Oak Chulho , Ahn Yeh-Chan , Lee Kang Dae 
Published: September 2016

Context:
This biomedical investigation is valuable for identification and localization of parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy, which can provide an intraoperative real-time visual guidance.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to investigate the feasibility of real-time autofluorescence imaging of the parathyroid glands without exogenous contrast dye for their localization and demonstration of relation to the background tissues.

Setting:
This research was undertaken at Kosin University Gospel Hospital.

Methods:
Sixteen normal parathyroid glands from eight patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma were enrolled. Photo images of the surgical field including the parathyroid and background tissues were taken with a digital camera, 780 nm light-emitting diode to excite the parathyroid, and infrared illuminator to visualize the entire neck. The area-averaged autofluorescence intensity of parathyroid over the area-averaged fluorescence intensity of background tissues was measured.

Main Outcome Measure:
The location of the parathyroid gland was verified with a single image.

Results:
The area-averaged autofluorescence intensity of parathyroid over the area-averaged fluorescence intensity of background tissues for all parathyroid glands was higher than 1, with a minimum of 1.95 and a maximum of 5.20 (average 2.76, SD 0.79). By our technique, all 16 parathyroid glands were detected (positive predictive value of 100%), and the entire surgical field including the parathyroid and background tissues was visualized as well. The parathyroid glands that were exposed or even covered by connective tissues or blood vessels could be detected with strong emission.

Conclusions:
This method showed the precise localization of the parathyroid glands and demonstrated their relation to background tissue. We believe that this simple, nonexogenous dye technique of anatomical guidance can aid surgeons to preserve parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy.
Routes into a career in practice nursing: Trainee GPN perspective
Authors: Nicholson Ellen , East Debbie , Adio Fatima 
Published: September 2016

The 12-month programme run by City and Hackney GP Confederation has now been running for over 6 months. In this article the perspective of two trainee general practice nurses, one newly-qualified and one with experience in secondary care, is considered and contrasted The recent article ‘Managing workforce planning in primary care: innovation in practice’ ( Nicholson 2016 ) focused on the implementation of a 12-month programme in City and Hackney in conjunction with City University, London training registered nurses new to general practice nursing. This article addresses the role that clinical supervision plays in increasing clinical competence and confidence of the trainee general practice nurses and we meet two City and Hackney based trainee general practice nurses. Both nurses outline their distinct routes into a practice nursing career and share their thoughts and experiences of the reality of working as a practice nurse.
AHP Book Announcements
Authors: Petrillo Antonella , Mu Enrique 
Published: September 2016

Two more books are added to the AHP bibliography this month: First, a book titled Applications and Theory in Analytic Hierarchy Process - Decision Making for Strategic Decisions, edited by Fabio de Felice, Thomas L. Saaty and Antonella Petrillo. The second book is Practical Decision Making: Introduction to the Analytic Hierarchy Process using Super Decisions v2, written by Enrique Mu and Milagros Pereyra-Rojas and publish by Springer.
Leadership Book Club: An Innovative Strategy to Incorporate Leadership Development into Pharmacy Residency Programs
Authors: Chappell Alyssa , Dervay Katelyn 
Published: September 2016

Purpose To describe an innovative strategy for incorporating leadership training and development across multiple postgraduate year 2 (PGY2) pharmacy residency programs at a single institution. Background Tampa General Hospital has 7 pharmacy residency positions: 4 postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) residents and a single resident for each of the 3 PGY2 programs (critical care, emergency medicine, and solid organ transplant). Administrative topics are incorporated across the PGY1 and PGY2 residency programs, with each PGY2 program having additional administrative topics specific to their specialty area. Summary What began as an elective administrative topic discussion for the PGY2 emergency medicine resident has evolved over time into a longitudinal leadership book club. The leadership book club is utilized to meet the residency goals and objectives related to leadership development for all 3 PGY2 programs. Each year a single book is identified through the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) Leadership Academy book list or by participant suggestion. The book is then divided into 4 sections with corresponding hour-long discussions that occur quarterly throughout the residency year. The residency program directors (RPDs) and co-RPDs lead the initial discussion, and each PGY2 resident leads 1 of the subsequent 3 discussions. Based on resident feedback, the leadership book club is an innovative and effective strategy to incorporate leadership training and development into residency training. Conclusion It is imperative to foster the development of leadership skills in pharmacy residency programs to prevent a future leadership gap in health system pharmacy. Leadership book club is a unique strategy to incorporate leadership training longitudinally across multiple PGY2 residency programs at a single institution.
Comparison of Time to Therapeutic aPTT in Patients who Received Continuous Unfractionated Heparin after Implementation of Pharmacy-wide Intervention Alerts
Authors: Alsulaiman Duaa , Sylvester Katelyn , Stevens Craig , Carter Danielle 
Published: September 2016

Background For patients on continuous IV unfractionated heparin (UFH), failing to achieve a therapeutic aPTT by 24 hours can be associated with increased morbidity. A pharmacy clinical surveillance system (PCSS) subtherapeutic aPTT alert was implemented at our institution to improve achievement of therapeutic aPTT goals by 24 hours. Objective The primary objective was the time to achieve the minimum goal aPTT before and after the alert implementation. The secondary objectives were to examine the percentage of patients who achieved the minimum goal aPTT by 24 hours and the number of dose changes to achieve the minimum goal aPTT Methods A single-center retrospective study was conducted to include all adult inpatients receiving a continuous UFH infusion during a 3-month period prior to the implementation of a subtherapeutic aPTT alert and a 3-month period after implementation. Results 317 patients were included in the analysis. The average time to achieve the minimum goal aPTT was 21.8 hours prior to alert implementation and 15.4 hours after implementation ( p = .002). The percent of patients who achieved the minimum goal aPTT by 24 hours was 65.7% prior to alert implementation and 82.4% after implementation ( p = .035). The average number of dose changes necessary to achieve aPTT value to the minimum goal aPTT prior to alert implementation was 1.67 and 1. 98 after implementation ( p = .68). Conclusion This analysis showed that implementation of a PCSS subtherapeutic aPTT alert for patients on continuous UFH infusions may ensure patients reach goal aPTT faster and facilitate a higher percent of patients who achieve the minimum goal aPTT by 24 hours.
Zero mass case for a fractional Berestycki–Lions-type problem
Authors: Ambrosio Vincenzo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this work we study the following fractional scalar field equation:{(-Δ)s⁢u=g′⁢(u) in ⁢ℝN,u>0,\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle(-\Delta)^{s}u&\displaystyle=g^{\prime}(u)% \quad\mbox{in }\mathbb{R}^{N},\\ \displaystyle u&\displaystyle>0,\end{aligned}\right.whereN≥2{N\geq 2},s∈(0,1){s\in(0,1)},(-Δ)s{(-\Delta)^{s}}is the fractional Laplacian and the nonlinearityg∈C2⁢(ℝ){g\in C^{2}(\mathbb{R})}is such thatg′′⁢(0)=0{g^{\prime\prime}(0)=0}. By using variational methods, we prove the existence of a positive solution which is spherically symmetric and decreasing inr=|x|{r=|x|}.
The Italian Way: Urban Planning Heritage in Albania
Authors: Resta Giuseppe 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The paper is focused on ageism in urban planning, taking the Italian WWII planning heritage in Albania as a case study. It expounds three main issues: acknowledgment of modern heritage, dissemination of autocratic identity, and historical planning apparatus. The text investigates autocratic plans as purest fulfilment of Euclidean space, before relentless urban transformations affect cities.
Revitalization of Traditional Architecture Towards Sustainable Development of the Skadar Lake Area
Authors: Rajković Irena , Bojović Marija 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Traditional architecture is one of the most important segments in the preservation and development of cultural identity. The Lake Skadar region abounds in examples of vernacular building activity that provide the clearest evidence of the creation of settlements and houses as a result of adaptation to natural environment. The study of vernacular architecture on the shores of Lake Skadar is related to the identification and potential evaluation of its local traditional features, as ecological building forms which express the principle of sustainability. Within the framework of research on vernacular architecture of this area, analysis is undertaken with the aim of defining guidelines for revitalizing traditional settlements in this region. In this respect the emphasis of this work is on recognizing the potential and possible directions in revitalization of cultural heritage of traditional settlements in keeping with the principles of sustainable development.
Methodology in Attitudes Assigned to Architecture as Distinctly Regional
Authors: Miķelsone Ilze 
Published: September 2016

AbstractRegionalism as a research subject in the built environment indicates notable complexity. This subject is complex by facing multi layered disciplines, it is questioned in time and it has a plural structure, ontological, intellectual and emotional. Presuming that regionalism concepts specifically in architecture are not much more than conjectures andattitudes assigned to it,the purpose of this study is examination of attitudes in order to correlate them with methodological tools.
Occurrence of Thanatus atratus Simon, 1875 (Araneae: Philodromidae) in Poland
Authors: Rozwałka Robert , Rutkowski Tomasz , Staręga Wojciech , Sienkiewicz Paweł 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The paper presents data on the occurrence of Thanatus atratus in Poland. The long-lasting confusion in Polish and European literature about the existence of 2 similar species T. atratus / T. vulgaris in Poland is clarified. Diagnostic images of T. atratus reproductive organs of both sexes are presented.
Populism in Lithuania: Defining the Research Tradition
Authors: Aleknonis Gintaras , Matkevičienė Renata 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe research on populism and populist political communication in Lithuania is rather limited, regardless of the fact that populist movements and politicians are influential on national and local political levels; they also receive sufficient support from a significant share of the population. Because the Western European research tradition is concentrated on the challenges of right-wing populism, Lithuanian political scientists distinguish right-wing populism as more significant in comparison to left-wing populism. Although Lithuanian researchers note, that in the balance of the left-right wing populists, Lithuania stands out with the majority of left-wing populists, in comparison to the popularity and number of right-wing populists in neighbouring countries.Despite the interest of scholars in various fields of policy research in Lithuania, there is still a lack of research on populist political communication, and what interest does exist is mostly concentrated on analysis of practical issues within the political arena, e.g. the study of the processes of political elections.The analysis of populist political communication in Lithuania revealed that populism is a relatively oft-mentioned topic in Lithuanian scientific discourse, but in most cases remains on the margins of other research. The theoretical work presents the assumptions based on the analysis of the political situation in Lithuania and examples from other countries. The empirical research of populism is scarce, and in most cases based on content analysis of political documents and media reports.
From Politicization to Securitization of Maritime Security in the Gulf of Guinea
Authors: Piedade João 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
EU’s Energy security and trade depend, to a large extent, on sea-based transport relying on open sea lines of communication and Maritime Security. The Gulf of Guinea (GoG) region has supplied 13 per cent of oil and six per cent of total EU28 consumption. Between 2003 and January 2015, piracy in the GoG accounted for 31 per cent of attacks (616 of 1,965) in African waters. With that proportion on the rise and a growing threat related to Piracy, illegal over-fishing and crude oil theft; maritime (in)security in the region is attracting attention from regional and international governments and bodies.
In this context, and considering politicization as a more extreme version or a step to securitization, this paper analyses how an issue is brought up to the level of security by a speech act, namely, explaining how issues are politicized and securitized within the maritime domain and what strategies are involved.
A number of institutions are currently acting to secure the Gulf of Guinea with growing co-operation between the region and extra-regional actors. However, the lack of capabilities, weak governance within the region and the willingness to take action from extra-regional actors have undermined the securitization, and thus, the Gulf of Guinea has remained politicized.