bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated care pathways—A strategy towards better care coordination in municipalities? A qualitative study
Authors: Skrove Guri Kaurstad , Bachmann Kari , Aarseth Turid 
Published: May 2016

Introduction One of the main strategies in the Coordination Reform in Norway is implementing integrated care pathways. Most studies on integrated care pathways are conducted in hospital settings or across the hospital–primary care continuum. There are few studies on how such pathways are experienced in primary care. We have conducted a formative evaluation in a primary care setting. The research questions are “What assessments and understanding of integrated care pathways exist in primary care?” “To what extent do integrated care pathways appear as a suitable strategy to handle care coordination challenges from a primary care point of view?” Methods A total of 72 qualitative interviews with chief municipal executives and healthcare management from 36 municipalities in one county of Norway were conducted. Results Even though integrated care pathways were promoted as a strategy to accommodate the intentions of the Coordination Reform, the concept is perceived as diffuse and ambiguous among informants in our study. Only one of four municipalities reported use of integrated care pathways. Discussion Our empirical findings show that municipal management is skeptical and negatively minded to disease-specific integrated care pathways. However, they are positive towards patient-centered care pathways which are flexible, adaptable to individual needs and local conditions. We found that there is no golden strategy for handling challenges in care coordination in primary care. On the contrary, what our informants find as “appropriate” strategies vary and change, but the complexity in problem solving could never be reduced to enforce standardized diagnose-specific integrated care pathways.
Patterns of expression of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor by endothelial cell subsets in vivo
Authors: Pan Junliang , Dinh Thanh Theresa , Rajaraman Anusha , Lee Mike , Scholz Alexander , Czupalla Cathrin J. , Kiefel Helena , Zhu Li , Xia Lijun , Morser John , Jiang Haiyan , Santambrogio Laura , Butcher Eugene C. 
Published: May 2016

Key Points
Subsets of ECs, including lymphatic and fenestrated ECs, but not conventional blood capillary ECs, synthesize FVIII. von Willebrand factor and FVIII are coexpressed in postcapillary high endothelial venules but not in most other ECs.
Transbronchial needle aspiration in peripheral pulmonary lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mondoni Michele , Sotgiu Giovanni , Bonifazi Martina , Dore Simone , Parazzini Elena Maria , Carlucci Paolo , Gasparini Stefano , Centanni Stefano 
Published: May 2016

Fluoroscopy-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) has long been used in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs), although its diagnostic performance varies considerably.We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the accuracy of TBNA in the diagnosis of PPLs, comparing its diagnostic yield with transbronchial biopsy (TBB) and assessing the main predictors of a successful aspirate.In 18 studies, the overall TBNA yield was 0.53 (95% CI 0.44–0.61). TBNA showed a higher accuracy when directly compared to TBB (0.60 (95% CI 0.49–0.71)versus0.45 (95% CI 0.37–0.54)). The subgroup analyses documented a higher TBNA yield when the computed tomography (CT) bronchus sign was present (0.70 (95% CI 0.63–0.77)versus0.51 (95% CI 0.38–0.64)), when rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) was performed (0.62 (95% CI 0.43–0.79)versus0.51 (95% CI 0.42–0.60)), in the case of malignant lesions (0.55 (95% CI 0.44–0.66)versus0.17 (95% CI 0.11–0.24)) and for lesions >3 cm (0.81 (95% CI 0.73–0.87)versus0.55 (95% CI 0.47–0.63)).Conventional TBNA is a useful sampling technique for the diagnosis of PPL, with a higher diagnostic yield than TBB. The presence of CT bronchus sign, an underlying malignant process, lesion size >3 cm and ROSE employment are predictors of a higher yield.
Hiatal hernia on thoracic computed tomography in pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Tossier Céline , Dupin Clairelyne , Plantier Laurent , Leger Julie , Flament Thomas , Favelle Olivier , Lecomte Thierry , Diot Patrice , Marchand-Adam Sylvain 
Published: May 2016

Gastro-oesophageal reflux has long been suspected of implication in the genesis and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We hypothesised that hiatal hernia may be more frequent in IPF than in other interstitial lung disease (ILD), and that hiatal hernia may be associated with more severe clinical characteristics in IPF.We retrospectively compared the prevalence of hiatal hernia on computed tomographic (CT) scans in 79 patients with IPF and 103 patients with other ILD (17 scleroderma, 54 other connective tissue diseases and 32 chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis). In the IPF group, we compared the clinical, biological, functional, CT scan characteristics and mortality of patients with hiatal hernia (n=42) and without hiatal hernia (n=37).The prevalence of hiatal hernia on CT scan at IPF diagnosis was 53%, similar to ILD associated with scleroderma, but significantly higher than in the two other ILD groups. The size of the hiatal hernia was not linked to either fibrosis CT scan scores, or reduction in lung function in any group. Mortality from respiratory causes was significantly higher among IPF patients with hiatal hernia than among those without hiatal hernia (p=0.009).Hiatal hernia might have a specific role in IPF genesis, possibly due to pathological gastro-oesophageal reflux.
A novel procedure on next generation sequencing data analysis using text mining algorithm
Authors: Zhao Weizhong , Chen James J. , Perkins Roger , Wang Yuping , Liu Zhichao , Hong Huixiao , Tong Weida , Zou Wen 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have provided researchers with vast possibilities in various biological and biomedical research areas. Efficient data mining strategies are in high demand for large scale comparative and evolutional studies to be performed on the large amounts of data derived from NGS projects. Topic modeling is an active research field in machine learning and has been mainly used as an analytical tool to structure large textual corpora for data mining.

Methods
We report a novel procedure to analyse NGS data using topic modeling. It consists of four major procedures: NGS data retrieval, preprocessing, topic modeling, and data mining using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic outputs. The NGS data set of the Salmonella enterica strains were used as a case study to show the workflow of this procedure. The perplexity measurement of the topic numbers and the convergence efficiencies of Gibbs sampling were calculated and discussed for achieving the best result from the proposed procedure.

Results
The output topics by LDA algorithms could be treated as features of Salmonella strains to accurately describe the genetic diversity of fliC gene in various serotypes. The results of a two-way hierarchical clustering and data matrix analysis on LDA-derived matrices successfully classified Salmonella serotypes based on the NGS data. The implementation of topic modeling in NGS data analysis procedure provides a new way to elucidate genetic information from NGS data, and identify the gene-phenotype relationships and biomarkers, especially in the era of biological and medical big data.

Conclusion
The implementation of topic modeling in NGS data analysis provides a new way to elucidate genetic information from NGS data, and identify the gene-phenotype relationships and biomarkers, especially in the era of biological and medical big data.
Bapineuzumab for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease in two global, randomized, phase 3 trials
Authors: Vandenberghe Rik , Rinne Juha O. , Boada Mercè , Katayama Sadao , Scheltens Philip , Vellas Bruno , Tuchman Michael , Gass Achim , Fiebach Jochen B. , Hill Derek , Lobello Kasia , Li David , McRae Tom , Lucas Prisca , Evans Iona , Booth Kevin , Luscan Gerald , Wyman Bradley T. , Hua Lisa , Yang Lingfeng , Brashear H. Robert , Black Ronald S. ,   for the Bapineuzumab 3000 and 3001 Clinical Study Investigators
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background
Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy (clinical and biomarker) and safety of intravenous bapineuzumab in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Methods
Two of four phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 18-month trials were conducted globally: one in apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers and another in noncarriers. Patients received bapineuzumab 0.5 mg/kg (both trials) or 1.0 mg/kg (noncarrier trial) or placebo every 13 weeks. Coprimary endpoints were change from baseline to week 78 on the 11-item Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive subscale and the Disability Assessment for Dementia.

Results
A total of 683 and 329 patients completed the current carrier and noncarrier trials, respectively, which were terminated prematurely owing to lack of efficacy in the two other phase 3 trials of bapineuzumab in AD. The current trials showed no significant difference between bapineuzumab and placebo for the coprimary endpoints and no effect of bapineuzumab on amyloid load or cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated tau. (Both measures were stable over time in the placebo group.) Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities with edema or effusion were confirmed as the most notable adverse event.

Conclusions
These phase 3 global trials confirmed lack of efficacy of bapineuzumab at tested doses on clinical endpoints in patients with mild to moderate AD. Some differences in the biomarker results were seen compared with the other phase 3 bapineuzumab trials. No unexpected adverse events were observed.

Trial registration
Noncarriers (3000) ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00667810; registered 24 Apr 2008.
Carriers (3001) ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00676143; registered 2 May 2008.
Organizing empyema induced in mice by Streptococcus pneumoniae: effects of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 deficiency
Authors: Tucker Torry A. , Jeffers Ann , Boren Jake , Quaid Brandon , Owens Shuzi , Koenig Kathleen B. , Tsukasaki Yoshikazu , Florova Galina , Komissarov Andrey A. , Ikebe Mitsuo , Idell Steven 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundPleural infection affects about 65,000 patients annually in the US and UK. In this and other forms of pleural injury, mesothelial cells (PMCs) undergo a process called mesothelial (Meso) mesenchymal transition (MT), by which PMCs acquire a profibrogenic phenotype with increased expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and matrix proteins. MesoMT thereby contributes to pleural organization with fibrosis and lung restriction. Current murine empyema models are characterized by early mortality, limiting analysis of the pathogenesis of pleural organization and mechanisms that promote MesoMT after infection.MethodsA new murine empyema model was generated in C57BL/6 J mice by intrapleural delivery of Streptococcus pneumoniae (D39, 3 × 107–5 × 109 cfu) to enable use of genetically manipulated animals. CT‐scanning and pulmonary function tests were used to characterize the physiologic consequences of organizing empyema. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence were used to assess pleural injury. ELISA, cytokine array and western analyses were used to assess pleural fluid mediators and markers of MesoMT in primary PMCs.ResultsInduction of empyema was done through intranasal or intrapleural delivery of S. pneumoniae. Intranasal delivery impaired lung compliance (p < 0.05) and reduced lung volume (p < 0.05) by 7 days, but failed to reliably induce empyema and was characterized by unacceptable mortality. Intrapleural delivery of S. pneumoniae induced empyema by 24 h with lung restriction and development of pleural fibrosis which persisted for up to 14 days. Markers of MesoMT were increased in the visceral pleura of S. pneumoniae infected mice. KC, IL‐17A, MIP‐1β, MCP‐1, PGE2 and plasmin activity were increased in pleural lavage of infected mice at 7 days. PAI‐1−/− mice died within 4 days, had increased pleural inflammation and higher PGE2 levels than WT mice. PGE2 was induced in primary PMCs by uPA and plasmin and induced markers of MesoMT.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first murine model of subacute, organizing empyema. The model can be used to identify factors that, like PAI‐1 deficiency, alter outcomes and dissect their contribution to pleural organization, rind formation and lung restriction.
An optical method to evaluate both mass and functional competence of pancreatic α- and β-cells
Authors: Wang Yi , Han Chengsheng , Zhu Wenzhen , Wu Zhengxing , Liu Yanmei , Chen Liangyi 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Imbalanced glucagon and insulin release leads to the onset of type 2 diabetes. To pinpoint the underlying primary driving force, here we have developed a fast, non-biased optical method to measure ratios of pancreatic α- and β-cell mass and function simultaneously. We firstly label both primary α- and β-cells with the red fluorescent probe ZinRhodaLactam-1 (ZRL1), and then highlight α-cells by selectively quenching the ZRL1 signal from β-cells. Based on the signals before and after quenching, we calculate the ratio of the α-cell to β-cell mass within live islets, which we found matched the results from immunohistochemistry. From the same islets, glucagon and insulin release capability can be concomitantly measured. Thus, we were able to measure the ratio of α-cell to β-cell mass and their function in wild-type and diabetic Leprdb/Leprdb (denoted db/db) mice at different ages. We find that the initial glucose intolerance that appears in 10-week-old db/db mice is associated with further expansion of α-cell mass prior to deterioration in functional β-cell mass. Our method is extendable to studies of islet mass and function in other type 2 diabetes animal models, which shall benefit mechanistic studies of imbalanced hormone secretion during type 2 diabetes progression.
Priority regions for research on dryland cereals and legumes
Authors: Hyman Glenn , Barona Elizabeth , Biradar Chandrashekhar , Guevara Edward , Dixon John , Beebe Steve , Castano Silvia Elena , Alabi Tunrayo , Gumma Murali Krishna , Sivasankar Shoba , Rivera Ovidio , Espinosa Herlin , Cardona Jorge 
Published: May 2016

Dryland cereals and legumes are important crops in farming systems across the world. Yet they are frequently neglected among the priorities for international agricultural research and development, often due to lack of information on their magnitude and extent. Given what we know about the global distribution of dryland cereals and legumes, what regions should be high priority for research and development to improve livelihoods and food security? This research evaluated the geographic dimensions of these crops and the farming systems where they are found worldwide. The study employed geographic information science and data to assess the key farming systems and regions for these crops. Dryland cereal and legume crops should be given high priority in 18 farming systems worldwide, where their cultivated area comprises more than 160 million ha. These regions include the dryer areas of South Asia, West and East Africa, the Middle East and North Africa, Central America and other parts of Asia. These regions are prone to drought and heat stress, have limiting soil constraints, make up half of the global population and account for 60 percent of the global poor and malnourished. The dryland cereal and legume crops and farming systems merit more research and development attention to improve productivity and address development problems. This project developed an open access dataset and information resource that provides the basis for future analysis of the geographic dimensions of dryland cereals and legumes.
Competitive Equilibria in Two-Sided Matching Markets with General Utility Functions
Authors: Alaei Saeed , Jain Kamal , Malekian Azarakhsh 
Published: May 2016

We present an exact characterization of utilities in competitive equilibria of two-sided matching markets in which the utility of each agent depends on the choice of partner and the terms of the partnership, potentially including monetary transfer. Examples of such markets include sellers and buyers or jobs and workers. Demange and Gale showed that the set of competitive equilibria in this type of market forms a complete lattice with each extreme point of the lattice representing an equilibrium with the highest utilities for the agents on one side and the lowest utilities for the agents on the opposite side. Our characterization is based on establishing a connection between the competitive equilibria of a market and the competitive equilibria of certain strict subsets of that market—each obtained by removing exactly one agent. This characterization captures the effect of competition when agents are added to the market or removed from the market. It gives a precise procedure for constructing competitive equilibria and provides a constructive proof of existence of such equilibria; in contrast, previous proofs have been based on fixed point theorems.
A new bromelain-based enzyme for the release of Dupuytren’s contracture
Authors: Rubin G. , Rinott M. , Wolovelsky A. , Rosenberg L. , Shoham Y. , Rozen N. 
Published: May 2016

Objectives Injectable Bromelain Solution (IBS) is a modified investigational derivate of the medical grade bromelain-debriding pharmaceutical agent (NexoBrid) studied and approved for a rapid (four-hour single application), eschar-specific, deep burn debridement. We conducted an ex vivo study to determine the ability of IBS to dissolve-disrupt (enzymatic fasciotomy) Dupuytren’s cords. Materials and Methods Specially prepared medical grade IBS was injected into fresh Dupuytren’s cords excised from patients undergoing surgical fasciectomy. These cords were tested by tension-loading them to failure with the Zwick 1445 (Zwick GmbH & Co. KG, Ulm, Germany) tension testing system. Results We completed a pilot concept-validation study that proved the efficacy of IBS to induce enzymatic fasciotomy in ten cords compared with control in ten cords. We then completed a dosing study with an additional 71 cords injected with IBS in descending doses from 150 mg/cc to 0.8 mg/cc. The dosing study demonstrated that the minimal effective dose of 0.5 cc of 6.25 mg/cc to 5 mg/cc could achieve cord rupture in more than 80% of cases. Conclusions These preliminary results indicate that IBS may be effective in enzymatic fasciotomy in Dupuytren’s contracture. Cite this article: Dr G. Rubin. A new bromelain-based enzyme for the release of Dupuytren’s contracture: Dupuytren’s enzymatic bromelain-based release. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:175–177. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.55.BJR-2016-0072.
New Paradigms for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Electronic Medical Records:
An example of detecting urinary incontinence following prostatectomy
Authors: Hernandez-Boussard Tina , Tamang Suzanne , Blayney Douglas , Brooks Jim , Shah Nigam 
Published: May 2016

Introduction: National initiatives to develop quality metrics emphasize the need
to include patient-centered outcomes. Patient-centered outcomes are complex, require
documentation of patient communications, and have not been routinely collected by
healthcare providers. The widespread implementation of electronic medical records (EHR)
offers opportunities to assess patient-centered outcomes within the routine healthcare
delivery system. The objective of this study was to test the feasibility and accuracy of
identifying patient centered outcomes within the EHR.Methods: Data from patients with
localized prostate cancer undergoing prostatectomy were used to develop and test
algorithms to accurately identify patient-centered outcomes in post-operative EHRs – we
used urinary incontinence as the use case. Standard data mining techniques were used to
extract and annotate free text and structured data to assess urinary incontinence
recorded within the EHRs.Results. A total 5,349 prostate cancer patients were identified
in our EHR-system between 1998-2013. Among these EHRs, 30.3% had a text mention
of urinary incontinence within 90 days post-operative compared to less than 1.0% with a
structured data field for urinary incontinence (i.e. ICD-9 code). Our workflow had good
precision and recall for urinary incontinence (positive predictive value: 0.73 and
sensitivity: 0.84).Discussion. Our data indicate that important patient-centered
outcomes, such as urinary incontinence, are being captured in EHRs as free text and
highlight the long-standing importance of accurate clinician documentation. Standard
data mining algorithms can accurately and efficiently identify these outcomes in
existing EHRs; the complete assessment of these outcomes is essential to move practice
into the patient-centered realm of healthcare.
The obligation of national Courts against whose decision there is no judicial remedy to refer questions to the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Neamt Valentin Paul 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The present paper presents the obligation that courts in the member states of the European Union have to refer questions to the Court of Justice of the European Union, with a focus on courts against whose decision there is no judicial remedy under national law. The paper starts by presenting the applicable framework regarding the preliminary reference procedure, then focuses on analyzing the exceptions to national court’s duty under article 267 TFEU, with a focus on the direction in which the case law is heading based on the most recent judgments handed down by the Court of Justice of the European Union in 2015, finally presenting the author’s conclusions and observation on the subject.
The right to death. Fiction or reality?
Authors: Lucan Maria Casandra 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The present article is part of a dense literature – result of a perennial debate – that has polarized societies for a long time and has evident reverberations in the present. It deals with “the right to death”, trying to offer some answers referring to its existence in fact and the way in which it is perceived by different states and diverse entities with juridical nature. In the first part of the paper, it is insisted upon the right to life, so that subsequently, to speak in detail about a “right to death” and the moral and juridical implications of using such phrases. There are analyzed different states of the world found on one part or the other of the barricade in what concerns the legality of euthanasia and assisted suicide – considered the two hypostasis of the right in question. It is offered, as well, an analysis of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, mentioning that, paradoxically, while it cannot be modified so that it allows the appearance of some new rights, it can tacitly accept the creation by some states that have adhered to it of some rights antagonistic with those presented in its text. The conclusion, is that not any liberalization movement of a social action – quantified through the request of a right – has as a direct result a progress of the respective society, especially when the action creates something diametrically opposed to some fundamental functioning norms, such as, by excellence, the granting of the protection of life of all individuals.