bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective follow‐up study of artificial urinary sphincter placement preserving the bulbospongiosus muscle
Authors: Collado Serra Argimiro , Domínguez‐Escrig José , Gómez‐Ferrer Álvaro , Batista Miranda Emilio , Rubio‐Briones José , Solsona Narbón Eduardo 
Published: September 2016

AimsArtificial urinary sphincter (AUS) AMS‐800® is an effective treatment for male stress urinary incontinence. The aim of the study was to assess the long‐term effectiveness and complications of artificial urinary sphincter placement preserving the bulbospongiosus muscle.MethodsFrom April 2004 to March 2014, all consecutive male patients with urinary incontinence who underwent an AUS prosthesis insertion were prospectively evaluated. Surgical technique consisted of a perineal incision for cuff placement around the bulbous urethra preserving the bulbospongiosus muscle. Cure rate was defined as no pad use.ResultsA total of 82 consecutive patients (median age 68 years, range: 54‐78) were prospectively evaluated (median follow‐up 46 months, range: 12‐135). Bulbospongiosus muscles were preserved intact in all cases with no intraoperative complications. Postoperative complications were reported in 14 patients (1 urethral erosion). The overall cure rate (dry rate) was 76.8% and the median ICIQ‐UI score improved from 18 (range: 8‐21) to 4 (range: 0‐17) (P < 0.001). Artificial urinary sphincter survival rate was 95.5% (95%CI 89.4‐100%) at 24 months and 62.6% (95%CI 45.5‐79.6%) at 60 months. The mechanical failure rate was 6.3% (median 46.1 months, range: 22.2‐100.9) and urethral atrophy and/or inadequate compression rate was 9.5% (median 58.6 months, range: 39‐101.4 months).ConclusionsOur study suggests that placement of AUS preserving the bulbospongiosus muscle is technically easy and efficient, reports excellent continence rates and lower urethral erosion rates, and could delay the onset of urethral atrophy compared to other surgical procedures used for sphincter placement.
A phase I dose-escalation study of TAK-733, an investigational oral MEK inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: Adjei Alex A. , LoRusso Patricia , Ribas Antoni , Sosman Jeffrey A. , Pavlick Anna , Dy Grace K. , Zhou Xiaofei , Gangolli Esha , Kneissl Michelle , Faucette Stephanie , Neuwirth Rachel , Bózon Viviana 
Published: September 2016

SummaryPurpose TAK-733, an investigational, selective, allosteric MEK1/2 inhibitor, has demonstrated antitumor effects against multiple cancer cell lines and xenograft models. This first-in-human study investigated TAK-733 in patients with solid tumors. Methods Patients received oral TAK-733 once daily on days 1–21 in 28-day treatment cycles. Adverse events (AEs) were graded using the Common Terminology Criteria for AEs version 3.0. Response was assessed using RECIST v1.1. Blood samples for TAK-733 pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (inhibition of ERK phosphorylation) were collected during cycle 1. Results Fifty-one patients received TAK-733 0.2–22 mg. Primary diagnoses included uveal melanoma (24 %), colon cancer (22 %), and cutaneous melanoma (10 %). Four patients had dose-limiting toxicities of dermatitis acneiform, plus fatigue and pustular rash in one patient, and stomatitis in one patient. The maximum tolerated dose was 16 mg. Common drug-related AEs included dermatitis acneiform (51 %), diarrhea (29 %), and increased blood creatine phosphokinase (20 %); grade ≥ 3 AEs were reported in 27 (53 %) patients. Median Tmax was 3 h; systemic exposure increased less than dose-proportionally over the dose range 0.2–22 mg. On day 21 maximum inhibition of ERK phosphorylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 46–97 % was seen in patients receiving TAK-733 ≥ 8.4 mg. Among 41 response-evaluable patients, 2 (5 %) patients with cutaneous melanoma (one with BRAF L597R mutant melanoma) had partial responses. Conclusions TAK-733 had a generally manageable toxicity profile up to the maximum tolerated dose, and showed the anticipated pharmacodynamic effect of sustained inhibition of ERK phosphorylation. Limited antitumor activity was demonstrated. Further investigation is not currently planned.
Preparation of Mangosteen Shell‐Derived Activated Carbon Via KOH Activation for Adsorptive Refining of Crude Biodiesel
Authors: Pangsupa Wilaiwan , Hunsom Mali 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMangosteen shell‐derived activated carbons (ACs) were prepared by potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation for refining crude biodiesel derived from the transesterification of waste cooking oil and methanol via an alkali catalyst. Effects of the KOH/char (w/w) ratio (0.50–1.50), activation temperature (500–900 °C), adsorption time (15–180 min) and dosage of activated carbon (3–11 g/L) on the efficiency of the adsorptive refining of biodiesel were explored. The AC prepared at a KOH/char (w/w) ratio of 1.25 at 800 °C exhibited the best ability to remove impurities contained in the crude biodiesel, and enhanced the purity of the biodiesel by up to 97.18 wt% at a dosage of 9 g/L and 120 min adsorption time. This was better than that refined by the conventional wet washing method (96.03 wt%). Equilibrium adsorption data fitted well with Freundlich isotherms, and the adsorption mechanism was controlled by the transport of impurities from the bulk solution to the surface of the AC.
Destabilization of Emulsion Formed During Aqueous Extraction of Peanut Oil: Synergistic Effect of Tween 20 and pH
Authors: Zhang Shao Bing , Wang Tong 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTo destabilize the emulsion formed during aqueous extraction processing (AEP) of peanuts, Tween and Span series surfactants (Tween 20, Tween 80, Span 20, and Span 80) were used alone or in combination to break the emulsion. Results indicate that only Tween surfactants had a pronounced demulsifying effect that was dependent on Tween concentration and system pH. When 1.2 wt% Tween 20 aqueous solution was used for oil extraction at pH 10.0, the highest free oil yield was achieved at 76.1 %, which was similar to the oil recovery of using proteases as a destabilization agent. The results obtained using a model emulsion system containing peanut oil and Tween 20/peanut protein isolates (PPI) showed that when Tween 20 and PPI coexisted in extraction medium at pH 10.0, the dynamic interfacial tension and droplet size distribution curves were very similar to those when Tween 20 was used alone, suggesting that Tween 20 dominated at the interface, instead of PPI. Destabilization of the model emulsions relied on three important factors: inclusion of Tween 20 at the initial mixing stage, high pH, and a gentle mixing speed. A synergistic destabilization mechanism of using Tween 20 at high pH during AEP was proposed. The discovery of Tween 20 as an effective demulsifier significantly contributes to the development of AEP of oilseeds.
Early adolescents' motivations to defend victims in school bullying and their perceptions of student–teacher relationships: A self‐determination theory approach
Authors: Jungert Tomas , Piroddi Barbara , Thornberg Robert 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to investigate whether various dimensions of student–teacher relationships were associated with different types of motivation to defend victims in bullying and to determine the association between these types of motivations and various bystander behaviors in bullying situations among early adolescents in Italy. Data were collected from 405 Italian adolescents who completed a survey in their classroom. Results showed that warm student–teacher relationships were positively associated with defending victims and with autonomous motivation to defend victims. In contrast, conflictual student–teacher relationships were positively associated with passive bystanding and with extrinsic motivation to defend victims. Different forms of motivation to defend were found to be mediators between student–teacher relationship qualities and bystander behaviors in school bullying. Our findings suggest that teachers should build warm and caring student–teacher relationships to enhance students' autonomous motivation to defend victims of bullying as well as their inclination to defend the victims in practice.
Central nervous system infection following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Hanajiri Ryo , Kobayashi Takeshi , Yoshioka Kosuke , Watanabe Daisuke , Watakabe Kyoko , Murata Yutaka , Hagino Takeshi , Seno Yasushi , Najima Yuho , Igarashi Aiko , Doki Noriko , Kakihana Kazuhiko , Sakamaki Hisashi , Ohashi Kazuteru 
Published: September 2016

Objective/background:
Here, we described the clinical characteristics and outcomes of central nervous system (CNS) infections occurring after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in a single institution over the previous 6 years.

Methods:
Charts of 353 consecutive allogeneic transplant recipients were retrospectively reviewed for CNS infection.

Results:
A total of 17 cases of CNS infection were identified at a median of 38 days (range, 10– 1028 days) after allo-HSCT. Causative pathogens were human herpesvirus-6 (n = 6), enterococcus (n = 2), staphylococcus (n = 2), streptococcus (n = 2), varicella zoster virus (n = 1), cytomegalovirus (n = 1), John Cunningham virus (n = 1), adenovirus (n = 1), and Toxoplasma gondii (n = 1). The cumulative incidence of CNS infection was 4.1% at 1 year and 5.5% at 5 years.

Conclusion:
Multivariate analysis revealed that high-risk disease status was a risk factor for developing CNS infection (p = .02), and that overall survival at 3 years after allo-HSCT was 33% in patients with CNS infection and 53% in those without CNS infection (p = .04).
Maternal and neonatal complications during pregnancy in women with epilepsy
Authors: Bansal R. , Jain G. , Kharbanda P. , Goyal M. , Suri V. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractEpilepsy is the commonest serious neurological problem faced by obstetricians and gynaecologists. Epidemiological studies estimate epilepsy to complicate 0.3–0.7% of all pregnancies.1 2 The importance of epilepsy in pregnancy lies in the fact that many women with epilepsy (WWE) have to go through their pregnancy while taking antiepileptic (AED) drugs. Both the seizures and AEDs can have harmful effects on the mother as well the foetus. Thus, during pregnancy, the clinician faces dual challenge of controlling seizures as well as preventing teratogenicity of AEDs.1 In this review we discuss the possible impact of seizures as well as AEDs on mother as well as the child. We try to answer some of the commonest questions which are relevant to successful management of pregnancy and ensuring birth of a healthy baby.
Overview of gastric bypass surgery
Authors: Weledji Elroy Patrick 
Published: September 2016

Highlights

Abstract
Gastric bypass surgery is indicated for several clinical reasons including benign and malignant upper gastrointestinal tract pathologies. Any gastric resection or bypass procedure interferes with gastric emptying and the aim of reconstruction is to minimize the disturbance to the upper gastrointestinal physiology. Gastric bypass procedures induce early satiety, with or without concomitant impaired absorption of nutrients, and offer the best solution for morbid obesity. The long-term health benefits of gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity must be found to outweigh the operative risks and side-effects of gastric bypass and thus patient selection is fundamental. The aim of the study was to review the indications, complications, sequelae and outcome of gastric bypass procedures.
Anorectal hemangioma – differential diagnosis of anal bleeding
Authors: Neto Walter Batista de Santana , Neto Giovanni Troiani , Cunha Carlos Magno Queiroz da , Brasil André Cavalcante , Feitosa José Ney Primo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAnorectal hemangioma is one of the rarest causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding, but is often neglected and confused in the differential diagnosis. The clinical examination is a turning point for a correct diagnosis and management of patients, thus avoiding unnecessary procedures. The treatment of choice for this condition is surgical and intraoperative bleeding is the main complication of this therapy. The present case reports a 25-year old patient with a history of bleeding from the age of 13, being diagnosed with anorectal hemangioma, and surgically treated with resection of the affected segment and with wound synthesis by marsupialization, with a good progression postoperatively.
Anal canal squamous carcinoma
Authors: Magalhães Maricruz Nunes , Barbosa Laura Elisabete Ribeiro 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background Anal canal carcinoma is a rare neoplasm, representing 2% of the digestive tumors, and the most common is squamous cell carcinoma, with an increasing incidence.
Objective The study aims to elucidate the pathogenesis of an increasingly prevalent disease, as well as to update treatment and prognosis.
Methods A literature search in Pubmed database, including articles from 2005 to 2015 and cross-research articles with the initial research.
Results Several studies prove the role of HPV as a major risk factor in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of anal canal, as well as a greater prevalence of this neoplasia in HIV-positive people and in those who practice receptive anal intercourse. In the last two decades chemoradiotherapy remains the treatment of choice, and abdominoperineal resection is reserved for those cases of treatment failure or recurrence. Evidence advances in order to adapt the treatment to each patient, taking into account individual prognostic factors and biological tumor characteristics.
Conclusions Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal is a neoplasm associated with HPV; therefore, screening and vaccination programs of male individuals, by way of prevention, should be started. Many studies are needed in order to achieve development in the treatment as well as in the evaluation of the biological characteristics of the tumor.
Inappropriate shocks from a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator due to oversensing during periods of rate‐related bundle branch block
Authors: Sousa Maria João , Betts Tim 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe subcutaneous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (S‐ICD) is a novel technology with proven efficacy in sudden cardiac death prevention; however, there is a lack of long‐term safety data. We describe the case of a 55‐year‐old female patient implanted with an S‐ICD due to idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, who subsequently presented with inappropriate shocks leading to ventricular fibrillation that was successfully terminated by another shock. Inappropriate shocks were due to intermittent T wave oversensing during periods of rate‐dependent right bundle branch block. Assessment of the S‐ICD electrograms during an exercise test allowed successful reprogramming of the device's sensing vector with no further events.
Seeing the forest for the trees: Institutional environment impacts on reimbursement processes and healthcare operations
Authors: Lee Seung Jun , Abbey James D. , Heim Gregory R. , Abbey Duane C. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHealthcare reimbursement processes perform an annual multi‐trillion dollar task to remunerate healthcare organizations, physicians, and patients. Healthcare reimbursement entails coding, billing, and payment processes based on care provided to patients. As this research note highlights, though often implicitly assumed to be independent of care delivery processes, reimbursement processes are distinctly connected to the efficacy of care delivery. Prior research tends to examine neither antecedents nor consequences of healthcare reimbursement processes and their operational implications, even though these issues can lead to unproductive externalities affecting healthcare systems and patients. Most extant literature tends to focus on medical task environments, with far less attention given to how institutional environment structures reimbursement and thus drives stakeholder incentives and behaviors. Because of a wide diversity of institutional environments, reimbursement processes differ on a nation‐by‐nation basis, and within nations on a state, province, city, or even within‐city basis. The varied and complex reimbursement processes drive divergent stakeholder incentives, varying use of healthcare protocols and processes, and differing patient outcomes. Even within a single reimbursement regime, a multitude of reimbursement policies, required processes, and payer institutions creates operational complexity for physicians and their professional staff, which ultimately affects patient care delivery processes and outcomes. The task environment focus of extant healthcare OM research suggests a need to understand institutional environment antecedents, natures, and impacts of reimbursement processes. This research note illustrates the seemingly simple structural nature of reimbursement processes, yet also reminds researchers how diverse institutional environments, built to accomplish different healthcare aims, can lead to similar levels of enormous process complexity. The research note further motivates how such phenomena may affect research findings and the quest for operational solutions to healthcare dilemmas. By focusing on healthcare reimbursement and its operational implications, the note provides useful insights for continued studies of healthcare operations.
Hepatitis D virus infections among injecting drug users with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in Taiwan
Authors: Hsieh Meng‐Hsuan , Wang Shu‐Chi , Hsieh Ming‐Yen , Huang Chung‐Feng , Yeh Ming‐Lun , Yang Jeng‐Fu , Chang Ko , Lin Wei‐Ru , Lin Chun‐Yu , Chen Tun‐Chieh , Huang Jee‐Fu , Dai Chia‐Yen , Tsai Jih‐Jin , Chuang Wan‐Long , Yu Ming‐Lung 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn Taiwan, injecting drug use has been the main route of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission since 2005, with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) also having similar transmission routes. This has now become an important public health issue. The aim of this study is to explore the conditions of HDV infections between injecting drug users (IDUs) with and without HIV infection in Southern Taiwan. In this study, 87 IDUs were enrolled, including 27 anti‐HDV seronegative IDUs and 60 anti‐HDV seropositive IDUs, and the results of their liver function tests, CD4 cell counts, and anti‐HIV and HIV RNA levels were analyzed. The prevalence of anti‐HDV seropositivity among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositive IDUs in this study was 68.9% (60/87). The prevalence rate of anti‐HDV seropositive IDUs among anti‐HIV seronegative and anti‐HIV seropositive cases was 40.0% (12/30) and 84.2% (48/57), respectively. Anti‐HIV seropositivity was related to anti‐HDV seropositivity (odds ratio = 9.34, 95% confidence interval = 2.67–31.59, p < 0.001). Among IDUs with HIV infection, there was no significant difference in CD4 cell counts and HIV RNA viral load between HBsAg‐positive patients with anti‐HDV seronegativity and those with anti‐HDV seropositivity. In conclusion, the prevalence of HDV infection among IDUs is higher among IDUs with HIV infection. Because anti‐HIV seropositivity is significantly related to anti‐HDV seropositivity, HDV infection among IDUs is still important. We suggest that for IDUs, HBsAg and anti‐HDV should be monitored closely.
Comunidades virtuales en el curso de Fisiopatología Renal: percepción de la experiencia de los estudiantes
Authors: Segura-Azuara Nancy De los Ángeles , Eraña Rojas Irma Elisa , López Cabrera Mildred Vanessa 
Published: September 2016

Introducción: Los ambientes de aprendizaje construidos en un grupo tienen efectos directos sobre el desempeño de sus integrantes. En la actualidad, los estudiantes de medicina se encuentran inmersos en redes de colaboración.
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de la participación en una comunidad de aprendizaje virtual acoplada en las redes sociales, particularmente en la percepción de los estudiantes al terminar su participación en el curso.
Método: El estudio se realizó con una muestra de 80 estudiantes de tercer año estudiantes del curso de Fisiopatología Renal de una universidad privada. La metodología utilizada es de carácter descriptivo y transeccional a partir de un instrumento para evaluar la implementación realizada en el curso.
Resultados: De acuerdo a los resultados, los estudiantes consideran que se favorece una mayor oportunidad de interacción (49%), un mayor efecto en el aprendizaje (52%), motivación del aprendizaje (46%) y un mayor reto (44%). La participación fue más alta en la red de Facebook, registrando un 64%. Las aportaciones en tribuna libre e imágenes (71%) fueron las más utilizadas.
Conclusiones: Los alumnos perciben que el uso de comunidades de aprendizaje favorece el desarrollo de sus habilidades como: análisis desde múltiples perspectivas y la autodirección en el aprendizaje, las cuales son la base del aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida.
New aspects of the interpretation of the loess magnetic fabric, Cérna Valley succession, Hungary
Authors: Bradák-Hayashi Balazs , Biró Tamás , Horváth Erzsébet , Végh Tamás , Csillag Gábor 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAnisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) is a frequently applied method in sedimentology, especially in the determination of the orientation of transport processes. We present an analysis of magnetic fabric (MF) studies on loess. New aspects of fabric development reveal: i) The deposition of the aeolian sediments was controlled by gravity, low-energy transport and local geomorphology, hence no clarified wind direction can be defined. ii) The influence of phyllosilicates is also significant among the magnetic components. iii) While the primary MF is relatively well-defined, the secondary MF is influenced by several processes. The analysis of stereoplots combined with the q—β diagram and photostatistics showed encouraging results during the characterization of various secondary MF such as redeposited MF and pedogenic fabric. iv) Changes in processes from aeolian to water-lain deposition and the increasing transportation energy were reflected by the connection between AMS and observed micro-scale sedimentary features. v) A relationship was obvious between the degree of pedogenesis and the transformation of sedimentary MF into a vertical MF typical for paleosols. vi) The significant role of very fine grained magnetite on the formation of inverse MF could not be excluded.
RELAY SOWING OF WHEAT IN THE COTTON–WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM IN NORTH-WEST INDIA: TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Authors: SINGH MANPREET , SIDHU H. S. , MAHAL J. S. , MANES G. S. , JAT M. L. , MAHAL A. K. , SINGH PARVINDER , SINGH YADVINDER 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYCotton–wheat (CW) is an important cropping system in South Asia. Wheat yields under a conventional CW system are generally lower compared to a rice–wheat system due to delayed seeding. Relay seeding of wheat can help timely sowing, capturing residual soil moisture of last irrigation to cotton, and increase the productivity and profitability of CW system. The field experiment included two Bt-cotton genotypes having different canopy cover (RCH 776 and MRC 7017), two types of relay seeders (RSs) for cotton planted at 67.5-cm and 101-cm row spacing and four types of relay seeding methods (manual broadcast, strip rotor (SR) and zero-till double disc and conventional till). Relay planting of wheat allowed one additional boll picking, which increased seed cotton yield by 12% compared with conventional tillage wheat. Cotton genotypes and RSs had no effect on emergence and yield of wheat. The RSs with SR and zero till double disc furrow openers performed better in terms of wheat emergence and grain yield compared to zero-till tine openers. Under relay seeding, wheat sowing was advanced by 31 days, which increased grain yield by 18.8% compared with conventional tillage practice. Net returns from the CW system with relay seeding of wheat were higher by US$ 311 to 425 ha−1 compared with the conventional CW system.