bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conjugated Polymers with an Oxindole‐Terminated Quinoidal Unit: Energy Level Modulation Toward Air‐Stable n‐Doped Conductors
Authors: Wang Tianzuo , Xu Chenhui , Deng Yunfeng , Geng Yanhou 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeveloping n‐doped conjugated polymers (CPs) with good air stability remains a significant obstacle to the advancement of organic thermoelectrics. In this study, three CPs (designated PmQ2F, PsQ4F, and PsQ6F) containing an oxindole‐terminated quinoidal unit are synthesized. To obtain an isomeric purity quinoidal unit and tune the LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energies of the CPs, fluoride (F) atoms on the monomers are strategically installed. Compared to a polymer with isomeric quinoidal units (PmQ2F), polymers with an isomerically pure quinoidal unit (PsQ4F and PsQ6F) exhibited higher electron mobilities owing to their more‐ordered molecular packing structures. After n‐doping, PsQ4F and PsQ6F show higher electrical conductivities than PmQ2F. Moreover, the former demonstrated excellent air stability for over 2 months, which can be attributed to the synergistic effects of the quinoidal structure and the reduced LUMO energy. The work offers a novel molecular design strategy that can be expected to advance the development of n‐type CPs for air‐stable organic thermoelectrics.
Bi Cluster Engineering for Tunable Broadband NIR Optical Response
Authors: Chen Jingfei , Dong Quan , Liu Ziang , Zhang Ke , Wang Dazhao , Huang Yupeng , Yu Zhuoming , Lv Shichao , Feng Xu , Li Xueliang , Qiu Jianrong , Zhou Shifeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) broadband active photonic materials play a crucial role in various domains such as optical communication, phototherapy, and medical imaging. However, the construction of NIR photonic materials with tunable optical response still remains a great challenge. This manuscript proposes a topological structure engineering strategy in Bi‐activated glass for the realization of the controllable NIR emission. By manipulating the topological structure of glass, the Bi cluster configuration can be precisely control, with the cluster size from 2.78 to 1.64 nm. Correspondingly, various optical properties including broadband emission, excited state absorption (ESA), and even unsaturable loss (UL) can be rationally switched. Based on the above findings, Bi cluster‐activated bulk glasses, optical fibers, and the derived NIR active devices with notably improved performance can be successfully fabricated. Their application potentials in optical communication and NIR imaging are also demonstrated. The study highlights the promise of Bi cluster‐activated materials in advancing NIR photonic materials and devices. Furthermore, the topological‐mediated cluster regulation strategy may also provide new insights into the fundamental science and cutting technology of other cluster‐activated materials.
3D‐Printed‐Cryogel‐Impregnated Functionalized Scaffold Augments Bone Regeneration in Critical Tibia Fracture in Goat
Authors: Nikhil Aman , Gugjoo Mudasir B. , Das Ankita , Ahmad Syed M. , Kumar Ashok 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCritical‐size bone trauma injuries present a significant clinical challenge because of the limited availability of autografts. In this study, a photocurable composite comprising of polycaprolactone, polypropylene fumarate, and nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHAP) (P─P─H) is printed, which shows good osteoconduction in a rat model. A cryogel composed of gelatin‐nHAP (GH) is developed to incorporate osteogenic components, specifically bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) and zoledronic acid (ZA), termed as GH+B+Z, which is investigated for osteoinductive property in a rat model. Further, a 3D‐printed P─P─H scaffold impregnated with GH+B+Z is designed and implanted in a critical‐size defect (25 × 10 × 5 mm) in goat tibia. After 4 months, the scaffold is well‐integrated with adjacent native bone, with osteoinduction observed in the cryogel‐filled region and osteoconduction over the printed scaffold. X‐ray radiography and micro‐CT analysis showed bone in‐growth in the treatment group with 45 ± 1.4% bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV), while the defect remained unhealed in the control group with BV/TV of 10.5 ± 0.5%. Histology showed significant cell infiltration and matrix deposition over the printed P─P─H scaffold and within the GH cryogel site in the treatment group. Immunohistochemical staining depicted significantly higher normalized collagen I intensity in the treatment group (34.45 ± 2.61%) compared to the control group (4.22 ± 0.78).
Piezoelectric‐Enhanced Nanocatalysts Trigger Neutrophil N1 Polarization against Bacterial Biofilm by Disrupting Redox Homeostasis
Authors: Ge Min , Zhu Wanbo , Mei Jiawei , Hu Tingting , Yang Chuang , Lin Han , Shi Jianlin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStrategies of manipulating redox signaling molecules to inhibit or activate immune signals have revolutionized therapeutics involving reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, certain diseases with dual resistance barriers to the attacks by both ROS and immune cells, such as bacterial biofilm infections of medical implants, are difficult to eradicate by a single exogenous oxidative stimulus due to the diversity and complexity of the redox species involved. Here, this work demonstrates that metal‐organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles capable of disrupting the bacterial ROS‐defense system can dismantle bacterial redox resistance and induce potent antimicrobial immune responses in a mouse model of surgical implant infection by simultaneously modulating redox homeostasis and initiating neutrophil N1 polarization in the infection microenvironment. Mechanistically, the piezoelectrically enhanced MOF triggers ROS production by tilting the band structure and acts synergistically with the aurintricarboxylic acid loaded within the MOF, which inhibits the activity of the cystathionine γ‐cleaving enzyme. This leads to biofilm structure disruption and antigen exposure through homeostatic imbalance and synergistic activation of neutrophil N1 polarization signals. Thus, this study provides an alternative but promising strategy for the treatment of antibiotic‐resistant biofilm infections.
Manganese‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Vinylation of Phosphines with Sulfones and Alcohols
Authors: Lin Qiongzhen , Sun Feixiang , Wang Tinghuai , Yang Jue , Tang Jun , Liu Weiping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHerein, we report a manganese‐catalyzed three‐component vinylation strategy for the synthesis of vinylphosphines from readily available alcohols, sulfones, and phosphines via acceptorless dehydrogenative strategy. This multi‐component, four‐stage, one‐pot protocol offers a stereoselective approach, overcoming the challenges associated with achieving these products through the hydrophosphination of terminal alkynes. The reaction utilizes sulfones and common alcohols to access both (E)‐β‐substituted vinylphosphines (using methanol) and α‐substituted vinylphosphines (using primary alcohols) in yields ranging from 52% to 99%, with E:Z stereoselectivity of 95:5 to 99:1. Importantly, the synthesized branched‐substituted vinylphosphines exhibited superior ligand performance in the copper‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of aryl bromides with pyrazole compared to the commercially available PPh3 and diphenyl(vinyl)phosphane.
Ccl2‐Induced Regulatory T Cells Balance Inflammation Through Macrophage Polarization During Liver Reconstitution
Authors: Wang Rui , Liang Qing , Zhang Qian , Zhao Shuchao , Lin Yuxiang , Liu Bing , Ma Yinjiang , Mai Xiaoya , Fu Quanze , Bao Xiaorui , Wang Nan , Chen Binglin , Yan Peng , Zhu Yongsheng , Wang Kejia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInflammation is highlighted as an initial factor that helps orchestrate liver reconstitution. However, the precise mechanisms controlling inflammation during liver reconstitution have not been fully elucidated. In this study, a clear immune response is demonstrated during hepatic reconstitution. Inhibition of the hepatic inflammatory response retards liver regeneration. During this process, Ccl2 is primarily produced by type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s), and ILC1‐derived Ccl2 recruits peripheral ILC1s and regulatory T cells (Tregs) to the liver. Deletion of Ccl2 or Tregs exacerbates hepatic injury and inflammatory cytokine release, accelerating liver proliferation and regeneration. The adoption of Tregs and IL‐10 injection reversed these effects on hepatocyte regenerative proliferation. Additionally, Treg‐derived IL‐10 can directly induce macrophage polarization from M1 to M2, which alleviated macrophage‐secreted IL‐6 and TNF‐α and balanced the intrahepatic inflammatory milieu during liver reconstitution. This study reveals the capacity of Tregs to modulate the intrahepatic inflammatory milieu and liver reconstitution through IL‐10‐mediated macrophage polarization, providing a potential opportunity to improve hepatic inflammation and maintain homeostasis.
Non‐Volatile Resistive Switching in Nanoscaled Elemental Tellurium by Vapor Transport Deposition on Gold
Authors: Ghomi Sara , Martella Christian , Lee Yoonseok , Chang Penny Hui‐Ping , Targa Paolo , Serafini Andrea , Codegoni Davide , Massetti Chiara , Gharedaghi Sepideh , Lamperti Alessio , Grazianetti Carlo , Akinwande Deji , Molle Alessandro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) materials are promising for resistive switching in neuromorphic and in‐memory computing, as their atomic thickness substantially improve the energetic budget of the device and circuits. However, many 2D resistive switching materials struggle with complex growth methods or limited scalability. 2D tellurium exhibits striking characteristics such as simplicity in chemistry, structure, and synthesis making it suitable for various applications. This study reports the first memristor design based on nanoscaled tellurium synthesized by vapor transport deposition (VTD) at a temperature as low as 100 °C fully compatible with back‐end‐of‐line processing. The resistive switching behavior of tellurium nanosheets is studied by conductive atomic force microscopy, providing valuable insights into its memristive functionality, supported by microscale device measurements. Selecting gold as the substrate material enhances the memristive behavior of nanoscaled tellurium in terms of reduced values of set voltage and energy consumption. In addition, formation of conductive paths leading to resistive switching behavior on the gold substrate is driven by gold‐tellurium interface reconfiguration during the VTD process as revealed by energy electron loss spectroscopy analysis. These findings reveal the potential of nanoscaled tellurium as a versatile and scalable material for neuromorphic computing and underscore the influential role of gold electrodes in enhancing its memristive performance.
Smart Photovoltaic Windows for Next‐Generation Energy‐Saving Buildings
Authors: Wang Qian , Na Zongxu , Yu Li , Dai Songyuan , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , Yang Huai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe global energy system transforming from fossil fuels to renewable green energy through the adaption of innovative and dynamic green technologies. Energy‐saving buildings (ESBs) are attracting extensive attention as intelligent architectures capable of significantly reducing the energy consumption for heating, air‐conditioning, and lighting. They provide comfortable working and living environment by regulating and harnessing solar energy. Smart photovoltaic windows (SPWs) offer a promising platform for designing ESBs due to their unique feature. They can modulate solar energy based on dynamic color switching behavior under external stimuli and generate electrical power by harvesting solar energy. In this review, the‐state‐of‐art of strategies and technologies are summarized putting SPWs toward high‐efficiency ESBs. The SPWs are systematically categorized according to the working principle and functional component. For each type of SPWs, material and architecture engineering are focused on to optimize operation mode, optical modulation capability, photovoltaic performance and durability for giving ESBs flexible manipulation, extraordinary energy‐saving effect, and high electricity power. In addition, the challenges and opportunities in this cutting‐edge research area are discussed, with the aim of promoting the development of advanced multifunctional SPWs and their application in high efficiency ESBs.
Alkali‐Stable Metal–Organic Frameworks with Enhanced Electroconductivity for Black‐Brown Electrochromic Energy Storage Smart Window
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Liu Zhiqiang , Ma Heqi , Liu Yiwen , Sui Qing , Feng Jifei , Cai Guofa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) deliver potential applications in electrochromism and energy storage. However, the poor intrinsic conductivity of MOFs in electrolytes seriously hampers the development of the above‐mentioned electrochemical applications, especially in one MOF electrode. Herein, a new Ni‐based MOF (denoted Ni‐DPNDI) is proposed with enhanced conductivity by π‐delocalized DPNDI connectors. Predictably, the obtained Ni‐DPNDI MOF achieves a conductivity of up to 4.63 S∙m−1 at 300 K. Profiting from its unique electronic structure, the Ni‐DPNDI MOF delivers excellent electrochromic and energy storage performance with a great optical modulation (60.8%), a fast switching speed (tc = 7.9 s and tb = 6.4 s), a moderate specific capacitance (25.3 mAh·g−1) and good cycle stability over 2000 times. Meanwhile, energy storage capacity is visual by the coloration states of Ni‐DPNDI film. As a proof of the potential application, a large‐area (100 cm2) electrochromic energy storage smart window is further designed and displayed. The strategy provides an interesting alternative to porous multifunctional materials for the new generation of electronic devices with diverse applications.
Cell‐Membrane‐Inspired Ultrathin Silica Nanochannels Coating for Long‐Term Stable Photoelectrocatalysis with Enhanced Performance
Authors: Yan Wenyan , Zhou Lin , Luo Zisheng , Ding Shenghua , Li Dong , Lin Xingyu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhotoelectrocatalysis has attracted significant attention for water splitting and contaminant degradation. However, the lifetime of photoelectrocatalysis devices is hampered by the severe instability and photocorrosion of the photo‐active nanomaterial on the photoelectrode, which is a key limitation to realizing industrialization. Typically, the conventional protection strategy of photoelectrodes usually suffers from the trade‐off between the photoelectrocatalytic activity and stability. Inspired by biological cell membrane with water channels, here a highly permeable and ultrathin silica coating with ultrasmall straight nanochannels is in situ grown that stabilizes the photoelectrode. These ultrasmall channels boost photoelectrocatalysis by accelerating water transport and reducing the reaction energy within the confined nanochannels. Specifically, the ultrathin coating imparts significant mechanical and structural stability to the photo‐active nanomaterial, thereby preventing its detachment, dissolution, and crystal damage without compromising performance. As a result, the protected photoelectrode exhibits enhanced water splitting activity and excellent stability over 120 h, whereas the photocurrent of the unprotected photoelectrode degrades rapidly. Meanwhile, the coated photoelectrode also exhibits superior photoelectrocatalytic degradation efficiency (>97%), even after the 10th cycle. This strategy is facile and universal and can be extended to construct other stable and high‐performance electrodes for promoting photoelectrocatalysis in practical applications.
Dual‐Interphase‐Stabilizing Sulfolane‐Based Electrolytes for High‐Voltage and High‐Safety Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhou Junhua , Zhang Chi , Wang Huimin , Guo Yanpeng , Xie Chuan , Luo Yufeng , Wang Chao , Wen Shujing , Cai Jiehua , Yu Wancheng , Chen Fan , Zhang Yufei , Huang Qiyao , Zheng Zijian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh‐voltage Li metal battery (HV‐LMB) is one of the most promising energy storage technologies to achieve ultrahigh energy density. Nevertheless, electrolytes reported to date are difficult to simultaneously stabilize the Li metal anode and high‐voltage cathode, especially without the assistance of expensive and corrosive high‐concentration Li salts. Herein, a dual‐interphase‐stabilizing (DIS) and safe electrolyte that bypasses the high‐concentration Li salt is reported. The electrolyte consists of high‐flash‐point sulfolane as solvent, molecular‐orbital‐engineered additives that enable stable B‐F rich cathodic interphase, and unique C‐F rich organic anodic interphase. The stable cycling of both Li metal anode and 4.75 V‐LiCoO2 cathode in the DIS electrolyte (> 500 cycles) is demonstrated. HV‐LMB pouch cells of a high energy density (435 Wh kg−1) can sustainably operate for more than 100 cycles. Moreover, the low cost and high thermal stability of the DIS electrolyte offer superior cost‐effectiveness and safety for large‐scale applications of HV‐LMBs in the future.
Are we measuring impact accurately? Identifying potential sources of bias in the evaluation of extension personnel and programs
Authors: Wright Andrew , Wright Jeffrey , McCorkle Dean , Hyde Jeffrey 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAgricultural extension programs must demonstrate their value to compete for limited government funding. As extension professionals measure the value of their programs, the risk exists that the information they report will provide a biased or an inaccurate measure of value. We examine the evaluation process for extension programs and extension personnel to identify potential sources of bias or inaccuracies. We find that bias and inaccuracy in program evaluation often stems from a focus on short‐term outcomes, rather than long‐term impacts, while bias in personnel evaluation can result from information asymmetries that exist between extension personnel and their evaluators.
Sex Differences in Cortical Thickness and Neuropsychiatric Symptom Burden Based on APOE4 Homozygosity in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Khoury Marc A. , Valcic Mila , Churchill Nathan W. , Di Battista Alex , De Luca Vincenzo , Fornazzari Luis R. , Munoz David G. , Fischer Corinne E. , Schweizer Tom A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSex differences in patterns of cortical thickness and neuropsychiatric symptom (NPS) burden were examined among individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and two copies (homozygote carriers) of the e4 allele of the apolipoprotein gene (APOE). A total of 752 participants with a clinical etiologic diagnosis of AD were selected from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) database. Bayesian multilevel regression was used to examine both the within‐ and between‐sex differences in gray‐matter cortical thickness and total NPS burden associated with APOE homozygosity. Female homozygote carriers displayed a high probability of having reduced cortical thickness primarily in medial–lateral temporal regions and a greater burden of NPS, relative to both non‐homozygous females and homozygous males. These findings support the notion that APOE4 status affects cortical thickness and symptom burden in men and women with AD differentially, with females showing more pronounced effects in brain areas known to be vulnerable in early AD. Future investigations should attempt to elucidate the proposed pattern of decline longitudinally.
Klebsiella liver phlegmon mimicking a solid liver tumour
Authors: Necas Martin , Mitchell Jereme 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThis case examines the sonographic and clinical challenge of diagnosing a Klebsiella pnumoniae pyogenic liver abscess with systemic metastatic infection.Case DescriptionThe patient in this case study is an 81‐year‐old man who presented with intermittent rigors. Following radiological and clinical assessments, a Klebsiella pnumoniae pyogenic liver abscess, with evidence of systemic metastatic infection, was diagnosed. Sonographic features of the liver abscess were atypical for a cystic lesion and instead appeared as a solid mass, raising the possibility of malignancy. Treatment of intravenous ceftriaxone infusions resulted in full resolution of the liver lesion.DiscussionThe discussion criticises the terminology when describing hepatic lesions, which result from a Klebsiella pnumoniae infection. The term hepatic phlegmon is appropriate when a liver lesion caused by bacterial infection demonstrates a solid appearance on radiologic imaging. The term hepatic abscess is appropriate in cases where liver lesions caused by bacterial infection demonstrate a fluid filled core on radiologic imaging. Differentiation of these terms is important when treating the underlying lesion as a phlegmon, in contrast to an abscess, cannot be drained because it contains no pus. The variable sonographic appearances of Klebsiella pnumoniae pyogenic abscesses were also examined. Despite reported sonographic appearances in the literature, none are sufficient to distinguish a pyogenic liver abscess from malignancy without further investigation.ConclusionUltrasound operators should be aware of the variable sonographic appearances of a Klebsiella pnumoniae liver abscess and how these features, combined with non‐homogenous terminology, can obfuscate the correct diagnosis.
Recommendations for clinical implementation of blood‐based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mielke Michelle M. , Anderson Matthew , Ashford J. Wesson , Jeromin Andreas , Lin Pei‐Jung , Rosen Allyson , Tyrone Jamie , Vandevrede Lawren , Willis Deanna R. , Hansson Oskar , Khachaturian Ara S. , Schindler Suzanne E. , Weiss Joan , Batrla Richard , Bozeat Sasha , Dwyer John R. , Holzapfel Drew , Jones Daryl Rhys , Murray James F. , Partrick Katherine A. , Scholler Emily , Vradenburg George , Young Dylan , Braunstein Joel B. , Burnham Samantha C. , de Oliveira Fabricio Ferreira , Hu Yan Helen , Mattke Soeren , Merali Zul , Monane Mark , Sabbagh Marwan Noel , Shobin Eli , Weiner Michael , Udeh‐Momoh Chinedu T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBlood‐based biomarkers (BBM) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) are being increasingly used in clinical practice to support an AD diagnosis. In contrast to traditional diagnostic modalities, such as amyloid positron emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, BBMs offer a more accessible and lower cost alternative for AD biomarker testing. Their unique scalability addresses the anticipated surge in demand for biomarker testing with the emergence of disease‐modifying treatments (DMTs) that require confirmation of amyloid pathology. To facilitate the uptake of BBMs in clinical practice, The Global CEO Initiative on Alzheimer's Disease convened a BBM Workgroup to provide recommendations for two clinical implementational pathways for BBMs: one for current use for triaging and another for future use to confirm amyloid pathology. These pathways provide a standardized diagnostic approach with guidance on interpreting BBM test results. Integrating BBMs into clinical practice will simplify the diagnostic process and facilitate timely access to DMTs for eligible patients.