bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da presença de risco para queda em idosos
Authors: Machado Tatiana Rocha , Oliveira Célida Juliana de , Costa Francisca Bertilia Chaves , Araujo Thelma Leite de 
Published: June 2017

As quedas são um importante fator causal para a dependência dos idosos, pois, estão relacionadas a um índice elevado de incapacidade e de mortalidade. Objetivou-se avaliar os fatores de risco para quedas presentes em um grupo de idosos de acordo com o diagnóstico de enfermagem “Risco para quedas” da NANDA (versão 2001/2002) e determinar o grau de susceptibilidade aumentado para quedas nos idosos segundo a “Escala de risco de quedas de Downton”. Estudo descritivo realizado com 24 idosos no período de janeiro a julho de 2003 em um centro de saúde de Fortaleza/CE. Distribuiu-se os fatores em: maior freqüência; menor freqüência e as categorias não citadas. Fatores de risco mais citados: quedas (87,5%); idade igual ou superior a 65 anos (70,8%); dificuldades visuais (95,8%); medicações (75%); quarto não familiar (62,5%) e ausência de antiderrapante (95,8%). O processo de envelhecimento provoca inúmeras alterações no organismo humano, podendo levar o indivíduo a sofrer mudanças no seu cotidiano ao longo do tempo, como a necessidade de ajuda para realizar as atividades de vida diária. As quedas neste grupo etário podem ser consideradas como fatores significativos de alerta a fim de evitar seqüelas físicas e emocionais decorrentes desses eventos.
Interdisciplinaridade: identificando concepções e limites para a sua prática em um serviço de saúde
Authors: Souza Danyelle Rodrigues Pelegrino de , Souza Mariza Borges Brito de 
Published: June 2017

A excessiva especialização do conhecimento contribui para um cuidado fragmentado que pode ser superado através da interdisciplinaridade. Este estudo objetivou identificar as concepções que os profissionais de saúde possuem sobre a interdisciplinaridade e os limites que encontram na sua prática. É um estudo qualitativo desenvolvido em uma unidade de saúde do interior de São Paulo, no período entre março a julho de 2007. Os dados obtidos por entrevistas semi-estruturadas passaram por análise temática, da qual emergiram as categorias: "conceito de interdisciplinaridade", "habilidades valorizadas”, "recursos para o desenvolvimento da interdisciplinaridade e “desfechos do trabalho interdisciplinar". Os discursos revelaram que a interdisciplinaridade é um meio de se abordar uma situação-problema através da integração e intersecção de conhecimentos objetivando preencher lacunas do conhecimento. Relatam a importância de desenvolver habilidades de relacionamento interpessoal e de comunicação. Assinalam a necessidade de capacitação permanente e consideram como conseqüências do trabalho interdisciplinar: um atendimento integral, humano e mais qualificado, valorização profissional e dos serviços prestados pela Instituição. Conclui-se que estes profissionais possuem uma postura favorável à interdisciplinaridade, mas necessitam de vivenciar espaços que integra teoria e prática, objetivando a superação da formação cada vez mais fragmentada e disciplinar, que reflete nas suas atitudes.
ISOLAMENTO, IDENTIFICAÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE MICROALGAS DE ÁGUA DOCE COMO FONTE POTENCIAL PARA A EXTRAÇÃO DE ÓLEO
Authors: Tavares Evandro A. , Fortunato Gilson R. , Palmas Douglas J. M. S. , Humann Fernanda C. 
Published: June 2017

A limitação das reservas de petróleo e seu uso e de seus derivados tem causado grandes preocupações no cenário econômico, social e ambiental. Fontes de energia renováveis, como biocombustíveis, tem sido vistas como uma ótima alternativa sustentável. O biodiesel é um biocombustível que tem ganhado grande atenção, sendo produzido no brasil a partir de diferentes espécies oleaginosas como mamona, canola, girassol, o amendoim e principalmente a soja. Entretanto, há várias limitações concernentes ao plantio e utilização dessas plantas. Uma promissora opção à essas oleaginosas são as microalgas, pois apresentam baixos custos de colheita e transporte, menor gasto de água e área de implantação menor comparado aos cultivos de plantas, além de poder ser realizado em condições não adequadas para a produção de outras culturas. Além do biodiesel, o óleo extraído das microalgas tem outros potenciais, entre eles a indústria farmacêutica, cosméticos, suplementos alimentares, entre outros. No presente projeto, amostras de microalgas de água doce do lago do centro de Matão-SP foram crescidas em meios de cultura com condições que estimularam o seu crescimento, isoladas e identificadas, e seu óleo foi caracterizado como fonte em potencial para futura produção de biodiesel. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: biodiesel; microalgas; óleo; energia renováveis; sustentabilidade
Padronização da produção de malte de milho, para a produção industrial de etanol de milho
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Laura Mulati , De Souza Sandro Rogério 
Published: June 2017

O destilado artesanal de mandioca, a tiquira é uma bebida típica do Maranhão e Piauí, toda sua produção é artesanal. A aguardente de cana com as consultorias de pesquisadores em micro destilarias, agora são produzidas aguardentes de cana de ótima qualidade. Há uma grande demanda para promover o incentivo aos pequenos agricultores regionais, e a produção destes produtos basicamente vem da matéria prima da cana-de-açúcar, assim á uma grande necessidade de diversificar a produção de destilados. A tiquira é uma ótima opção, pois se trata de um álcool de melhor paladar do que o da cana-de-açúcar, pois o metabolismo da mandioca produz uma quantidade equivalente de isótopos de carbono C3 e C4, álcool de melhor paladar. Por outro lado, a fermentação para produção de Tiquira tem que ser bem elaborada, pois se trata de fermentação de amido, necessitando de enzimas próprias para quebrar o amido em glicose e promover a fermentação. No Brasil, não temos a popularização de fermentar amido, por esta razão, neste trabalho foi realizado a padronização da produção de malte de milho para uma possível utilização em produção de álcool e ou bebidas alcoólicas provenientes de amido, tais como Tiquira e cachaça de milho. Buscando a obtenção de enzimas de ótima qualidade de baixo custo para a produção de Tiquira de forma artesanal de qualidade. Estas enzimas podem ser obtidas de três formas, do malte, microrganismos ou propriamente de quebra química do amido. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: destilado artesanal de mandioca, Tiquira, Fermentação do amido.
Charakteristiky dobré základní školy z pohledu rodičů
Authors: Simonová Jaroslava 
Published: June 2017

Přes poměrně velké množství prací, které se v mezinárodním kontextu věnovaly zkoumání rodičovských preferencí, neexistuje univerzální shoda na tom, co je pro rodiče při výběru školy nejdůležitější. Obvykle si rodiče cení výsledků vzdělávání, socioekonomického složení žáků, možnosti komunikace a zapojení do života školy nebo tříd s menším počtem žáků, sdílených hodnot a stylu výuky. Cílem stati je popsat charakteristiky dobré školy z pohledu českých rodičů s využitím dat získaných v longitudinálním šetření CLoSE od reprezentativního vzorku 2008 rodičů dětí v předškolním věku, a to pomocí obsahové analýzy a deskriptivních statistik, a porovnat informace zjištěné metodou otevřeného a uzavřeného dotazování. Rodiče očekávají, že škola bude poskytovat jim a jejich dětem individualizovaný přístup orientovaný nejenom na dobré vzdělávací výsledky, ale především na co nejlepší kvalitu života, a umožní jim podílet se na utváření podoby školního vzdělávání svých dětí.
Evaluating the size and extent of paleolakes in central Tibet during the late Pleistocene
Authors: Shi Xuhua , Furlong Kevin P. , Kirby Eric , Meng Kai , Marrero Shasta , Gosse John , Wang Erchie , Phillips Fred 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSubhorizontal lake shorelines allow a geodynamic test of the size and extent of a hypothesized paleolake in central Tibet, the East Qiangtang Lake (EQL), during the last interglacial period (marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e). Reconstructions based on relict lake deposits suggest that the EQL would have been ~400 m deep and over ~66,000 km2. Models of flexural rebound driven by lake recession predict that shorelines near the EQL center, at the present‐day location of Siling Co, would have rebounded 60–90 m above their initial elevation. New36Cl chronology of the highest relict shorelines around Siling Co indicates that they reflect lake levels between 110 and 190 ka. These shorelines, however, are presently >300 m below their predicted elevations, implying a substantially smaller water load. Our results reveal that the expansion of Tibetan lakes during MIS 5e was relatively limited. Instead, individual lakes were supplied by river networks, much as they are today.
Declining frequency of summertime local‐scale precipitation over eastern China from 1970 to 2010 and its potential link to aerosols
Authors: Guo Jianping , Su Tianning , Li Zhanqing , Miao Yucong , Li Jing , Liu Huan , Xu Hui , Cribb Maureen , Zhai Panmao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSummer precipitation plays critical roles in the energy balance and the availability of fresh water over eastern China. However, little is known regarding the trend in local‐scale precipitation (LSP). Here we developed a novel method to determine LSP events in the summer afternoon throughout eastern China from 1970 to 2010 based on hourly gauge measurements. The LSP occurrence hours decrease at an annual rate of 0.25%, which varies considerably by region, ranging from 0.14% over the Yangtze River Delta to 0.56% over the Pearl River Delta. This declining frequency of LSP is generally accompanied by an increase in rain rate of LSP but a decrease in visibility, whose linkage to LSP events was investigated. In particular, more LSP events tended to form when the atmosphere was slightly polluted. Afterward, LSP was suppressed. These findings have important implications for improving our understanding of the climatology of daytime precipitation at local scales.
Rethinking the starch digestion hypothesis for AMY1 copy number variation in humans
Authors: Fernández Catalina I. , Wiley Andrea S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAlpha‐amylase exists across taxonomic kingdoms with a deep evolutionary history of gene duplications that resulted in several α‐amylase paralogs. Copy number variation (CNV) in the salivary α‐amylase gene (AMY1) exists in many taxa, but among primates, humans appear to have higher average AMY1 copies than nonhuman primates. Additionally, AMY1 CNV in humans has been associated with starch content of diets, and one known function of α‐amylase is its involvement in starch digestion. Thus high AMY1 CNV is considered to result from selection favoring more efficient starch digestion in the Homo lineage. Here, we present several lines of evidence that challenge the hypothesis that increased AMY1 CNV is an adaptation to starch consumption. We observe that α‐ amylase plays a very limited role in starch digestion, with additional steps required for starch digestion and glucose metabolism. Specifically, we note that α‐amylase hydrolysis only produces a minute amount of free glucose with further enzymatic digestion and glucose absorption being rate‐limiting steps for glucose availability. Indeed α‐amylase is nonessential for starch digestion since sucrase‐isomaltase and maltase‐glucoamylase can hydrolyze whole starch granules while releasing glucose. While higher AMY1 CN and CNV among human populations may result from natural selection, existing evidence does not support starch digestion as the major selective force. We report that in humans α‐amylase is expressed in several other tissues where it may have potential roles of evolutionary significance.
Dem Prebound Effekt auf der Spur – Differenzen zwischen dem Heizwärmeverbrauch und dem rechnerisch ermittelten Heizwärmebedarf bei Bestandsgebäuden (Wohnen)
Authors: Hoffmann Caroline , Geissler Achim 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBei der Energieanalyse von unsanierten Bestandsgebäuden wird in der Schweiz und in Deutschland typischerweise ein Monatsbilanzverfahren zur energetischen Einordnung des Gebäudes verwendet. Die Berechnungsergebnisse werden als Prognoseinstrument für den Heizwärmebedarf (Nutzenergie) und die Bewertung möglicher Sanierungsmassnahmen eingesetzt. Liegt das Berechnungsresultat höher als die Verbrauchswerte, so kann dies dazu führen, dass unkorrekte Prognosen zur Einsparung gemacht werden.Der Beitrag zeigt auf, dass diese Abweichungen nicht einem einzigen systematischen Fehler im Berechnungsverfahren gemäß der Schweizer Norm zuzuordnen sind. Vielmehr ist es eine Vielzahl von Gründen, die zu den Abweichungen führt. Die wesentlichen Ursachen sind zu hohe, d. h. zu „schlechte” U‐Werte als Eingabe, zu tiefe Raumlufttemperaturen für das unbeheizte Kellergeschoss und Abweichungen zwischen den Temperaturen der Datenerfassungsperiode und normativen Klimadaten. Die Analyse wird anhand von 33 realen Gebäuden durchgeführt und durch eine Literaturrecherche ergänzt. Es werden Aussagen zur Größenordnung des Einflusses der einzelnen Faktoren gemacht und anhand von Angaben an Beiblatt 1, DIN 18599 diskutiert. Abschließend werden praktische Hinweise zum Vorgehen bei einem Abgleich von Bedarfs‐ und Verbrauchswerten gegeben.
Experiential tourist shopping value: Adding causality to value dimensions and testing their subjectivity
Authors: Gallarza Martina G. , Fayos Gardó Teresa , Calderón García Haydeé 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPrevious literature on consumer behavior has tackled the experiential approach in retailing services in depth; however, most of the previous studies have concentrated on the simultaneous but not concatenated effects of value dimensions on satisfaction and/or loyalty. Furthermore, tourists' shopping behavior remains an underdeveloped area of study from the experiential perspective. This work explores experiential tourist shopping value, aiming to (a) explain tourists' loyalty to retailers by adding causality to experiential dimensions and (b) prove the subjectivity of these values.After a diachronic and synchronic review of the literature on experiential shopping value, a structural model with a chain of effects consisting of product quality, service quality, self‐esteem and shopping enjoyment on loyalty, and a multidimensional index as a second‐order model were built with partial least squares and tested on a purposive sample of 374 tourists in Valencia (Spain).Our findings revealed a sequential approach to tourists' shopping experiences where utilitarian values led to social and hedonic ones, all of which were antecedents of loyalty to retailers. Furthermore, the index showed differences by gender and nationality. Although our results are context specific, they add to the value creation process as they show a sequence of effects, and a fully subjective value provision, which changes according to demographics.The originality of this work is that it contributes to the suitability of the experiential paradigm in explaining tourists' shopping behavior by promoting interest in this specific, underdeveloped target area, and also by adding causality and proving the subjectivity of experiential value dimensions.
Structured risk assessment for reduction of multiple risk outcomes in a secure mental health setting: Use of the START
Authors: Gunenc Cevher , O'Shea Laura E. , Dickens Geoffrey L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundStructured risk assessment is commonly used in secure settings to aid prediction and prevention of risky behaviours; the expected benefits have rarely been investigated.AimsThe aim of the study is to determine whether adverse outcomes (physical and verbal aggression, self‐harm, victimisation, self‐neglect, unauthorised leave and substance abuse) reduced after patients were assessed with the Short‐term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START).MethodsIn a naturalistic study, anonymised demographic and clinical information was collected from 50 male patients. Data included START assessment and frequency of target behaviour for 3 months before and after first assessment. Chi‐square and linear mixed models analyses were used to determine whether there was any change in the behaviours of interest.ResultsThere were no significant changes in physical or verbal aggression over time, although a tendency towards fewer incidents was apparent. Other adverse behaviours were very infrequent at baseline, precluding adequate analysis.ConclusionsIn this small sample, START did not achieve its primary purpose of significant reduction in adverse behaviours. Although our sample size was informed by a power calculation, we may have over‐estimated the size of anticipated change. Further, the 3‐month comparison periods before and after the assessment follow‐up period were rather short. Accordingly, we recommend more research on the value of this tool in practice rather than discontinuing its use. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Left ventricular ejection fraction of < 20%: Too bad for MitraClip©?
Authors: Barth Sebastian , Hautmann Martina B. , Kerber Sebastian , Gietzen Frank , Reents Wilko , Zacher Michael , Halbfass Philipp , Griese Daniel P. , Schieffer Bernhard , Hamm Karsten 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesThis study sought to investigate whether the percutaneous mitral regurgitation (MR) reduction with the MitraClip® system in end‐stage heart failure patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of <20% also effects beneficial outcome or whether the underlying myogenic problem is leading and therefore of prognostic relevance.BackroundThe interventional treatment of functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) with the MitraClip® system could improve the clinical and hemodynamic outcome in patients with severely impaired left ventricular function.Materials and methodsBetween 2011 and 2016, a total of 147 patients with FMR were treated with MitraClip® at our institution. The cohort was divided into two groups: LVEF ≥ 20% (N = 126) and <20% (N = 21). Follow‐up assessments included exercise capacity, 6‐min walk test, probrain natriuretic peptide‐measurement (ProBNP), echocardiography and right heart catheterization. Only three patients with an LVEF ≥ 20% and one patient with an LVEF < 20% were lost for follow‐up.ResultsIn the vast majority of patients, a reduction from severe to mild MR was demonstrated with no difference between both groups (P = 0.422). At follow‐up, both subgroups experienced similar improvements in exercise capacity and hemodynamics. Patients with an LVEF < 20% were on average 5.8 years younger, while mortality rates were comparable in both groups (P = 0.760).ConclusionBy careful selection, even patients in the end stage of advanced LV dysfunction as the result of the underlying myogenic problem and the additional harmful effects of the high volume loading due to the FMR can exhibit significant clinical and hemodynamic improvement after MitraClip© therapy.
Down‐Regulation of AQP4 Expression via p38 MAPK Signaling in Temozolomide‐Induced Glioma Cells Growth Inhibition and Invasion Impairment
Authors: Chen Yuqin , Gao Fei , Jiang Rong , Liu Hui , Hou Jiaojiao , Yi Yaoxing , Kang Lili , Liu Xueyuan , Li Yuan , Yang Mei 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTGlioma is the most common and lethal central nervous system tumors. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an effective drug for malignant glioma, however, the intracellular and molecular mechanisms behind this anti‐cancer effect have yet to be fully understood. The aim of the present study was to determine whether TMZ inhibits proliferation, invasion of glioma cells in vitro and whether these effects can be mediated through modulation of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and phosphorylation of the MAPK pathway. The viability of U87 and U251 human glioma cells was evaluated using MTT assay. The cell cycle distribution was detected with flow cytometry. Migration ability and invasion ability were tested by scratch assays and transwell assays, respectively. The levels of AQP4 and MAPK were measured using immunoblot analyses. Our results showed that TMZ inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced G2/M arrest in U87 and U251 glioma cell lines. These changes were associated with a decrease in the levels of AQP4 expression as well as activation phosphorylated level of p38. Treatment with a p38 chemical activator (anisomycin) resulted in similar effects as TMZ treatment on glioma cells. And p38 chemical inhibitor (SB203580) could block these effects in glioma treated with TMZ, suggesting a direct up‐regulation of the p38 signaling pathway. Therefore, we identified that TMZ might have therapeutic potential for controlling proliferation, invasion of malignant glioma by inhibiting AQP4 expression through activation of p38 signal transduction pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4905–4913, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Technical Note: Detective quantum efficiency simulation of a‐Se imaging detectors using ARTEMIS
Authors: Fang Yuan , Ito Takaaki , Nariyuki Fumito , Kuwabara Takao , Badano Aldo , Karim Karim S. 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThis work studies the detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of a‐Se‐based solid state x‐ray detectors for medical imaging applications using ARTEMIS, a Monte Carlo simulation tool for modeling x‐ray photon, electron and charged carrier transport in semiconductors with the presence of applied electric field.MethodsARTEMIS is used to model the signal formation process in a‐Se. The simulation model includes x‐ray photon and high‐energy electron interactions, and detailed electron‐hole pair transport with applied detector bias taking into account drift, diffusion, Coulomb interactions, recombination and trapping. For experimental validation, the DQE performance of prototype a‐Se detectors is measured following IEC Testing Standard 62220‐1‐3.ResultsComparison of simulated and experimental DQE results show reasonable agreement for RQA beam qualities. Experimental validation demonstrated within 5% percentage difference between simulation and experimental DQE results for spatial frequency above 0.25 cycles/mm using uniform applied electric field for RQA beam qualities (RQA5, RQA7 and RQA9). Results include two different prototype detectors with thicknesses of 240 μm and 1 mm.ConclusionsARTEMIS can be used to model the DQE of a‐Se detectors as a function of x‐ray energy, detector thickness, and spatial frequency. The ARTEMIS model can be used to improve understanding of the physics of x‐ray interactions in a‐Se and in optimization studies for the development of novel medical imaging applications.
Morphology and Electrical Conductivity of Ternary Polymer Blends Involving Liquid Crystalline Polymer Containing Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: R Vivek. , Pattnaik Tilak , Poyekar Amrita V. , Joseph Kuruvilla , Simon George P. , Bhattacharyya Arup R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMulti‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were melt‐mixed with the liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) phase to investigate MWCNTs dispersion and the electrical conductivity of LCP/MWCNTs composite. LCP/MWCNTs composite showed an insulating behavior even at 5 wt% of MWCNTs concentration, wherein MWCNTs were dispersed as ‘individualized’ as well as ‘nano‐agglomerated’ state in the LCP matrix. Further, LCP along with MWCNTs were melt‐mixed with 50/50 (wt/wt) polyamide 6 (PA6)/ acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS) and 50/50 (wt/wt) polyamide 66 (PA66)/ABS blends. Morphological observations showed that MWCNTs were preferentially dispersed in the polyamide (PA) phase, which led to the refinement of the ‘co‐continuous’ morphology. The electrical conductivity results showed that the theoretical electrical percolation thresholds of 0.9, 1.1 and 1.5 wt% of MWCNTs were achieved in the corresponding 90/10 (PA6/ABS)/LCP+MWCNTs, 95/5 (PA6/ABS)/LCP+MWCNTs and 95/5 (PA66/ABS)/LCP+MWCNTs blends. The lower melt‐viscosity associated with the PA phase led to the preferential localization of the MWCNTs in the PA phase. This strategy led to finer network structure of MWCNTs selectively in the PA phase of the ‘co‐continuous’ blend.