bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Conceptualisation of Sustainable Development: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of its Extensity, Practicability and Veracities
Authors: Oka Nosayaba O. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The prevalent geopolitical prognosis during Brundtland’s Commission conceptualisation of sustainable development has metamorphosed, even though the basic core values serve as the conceptual basis and guidelines for understanding the SDG goals. Evolving socio-political behaviours have exposed new social complications. Ideological extremism, global warming, insurgency, poverty, food crisis, social inequality and humanitarian crisis have all challenged the suitability and applicability of the conceptual framework for global development. This paper attempts to analyse qualitatively, the underexplored areas of the concept of sustainable development, vis-à-vis its strengths, weakness and limitations by synthesizing an ideal working definition with regards to existing realities, for developmental theorist. It also reviews how environmentalism and human intelligence can symbiotically drive sustainability of biotic and abiotic factors in the planetary system, by advocating an enfranchising bottom-up, frontier-wide and exhaustively deliberated methodologies that amplifies the voice of all social formations in conceptualising new transformational theories or policies for human development.
Genotypic variation in tolerance to salinity of common beans cultivated in Western Cameroon as assessed at germination and during early seedling growth
Authors: Kouam Eric B. , Ndo Simon M. , Mandou Marie S. , Chotangui Asafor H. , Tankou Christopher M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This study was carried out to determine effects of salinity on germination and seedling development of commercially important common bean genotypes in Cameroon. The seeds of eight genotypes were used for both trials. The germination experiments were carried out on petri dishes in the laboratory while early growth trials continued in plastic pots in the screenhouse. Both stages were setup using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Germination and early growth trials of the different genotypes were studied using distilled water as control or osmotic potentials of 50, 100, 150 and 200mM NaCl to study the effects of salinity on germination and seedling growth characteristics. Leaf concentrations of Na+ and K+ were determined. At the germination level, germination percentage, germination index and the coefficient of velocity of germination decreased with increasing salinity while the mean germination time and time to 50% germination increased with increasing level of salt. All the growth variables decreased with increasing salinity with the exception of the root length which was not affected by salinity. It was observed that increasing salinity induced a significant increase in leaf Na+ and substantial reduction in the accumulation of K+ in the leaves. For ions accumulation, germination variables and growth parameters, significant differences at 0.001 probability levels were found among salinity treatments, common bean genotypes and most of their interactions. Significant correlations were found between all germination variables and between most growth parameters. From the effect of salt application, the common bean genotypes namely KEBCB049, KEB-CB053 and Mac-33 were the most tolerant while KEB-CB055 and KEB-CB050 were the most sensitive. The results confirm that there is genotypic variation in salinity tolerance and that the most tolerant genotypes should be further explored in selection programs, with the aim that they should be promoted for cultivation in tropical zones affected by salinity.
I never signed up for this! Privacy implications of email tracking
Authors: Englehardt Steven , Han Jeffrey , Narayanan Arvind 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We show that the simple act of viewing emails contains privacy pitfalls for the unwary. We assembled a corpus of commercial mailing-list emails, and find a network of hundreds of third parties that track email recipients via methods such as embedded pixels. About 30% of emails leak the recipient’s email address to one or more of these third parties when they are viewed. In the majority of cases, these leaks are intentional on the part of email senders, and further leaks occur if the recipient clicks links in emails. Mail servers and clients may employ a variety of defenses, but we analyze 16 servers and clients and find that they are far from comprehensive. We propose, prototype, and evaluate a new defense, namely stripping tracking tags from emails based on enhanced versions of existing web tracking protection lists.
Real Estate Appraisal in Central-Eastern Europe: Comparative Analysis of Poland and Slovakia
Authors: Adamuscin Andrej , Palicki Sławomir , Rącka Izabela 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The countries in Central-Eastern Europe have been subjected to dynamic economic changes. Researchers from Poland and Slovakia study the history of the creation of and rules by which the real estate appraiser’s profession functions. They also present the methodological basics for property appraisals. The original value of this article is a comparative analysis depicting the similarities and differences occurring in the research area, in two countries from the same region of Europe. The analysis may also influence the methodological discussions of specialists concerning the correctness and purpose of certain approaches, methods or techniques of property appraisal.
The main goal of this article is conducting research on the operational rules of the real estate appraiser profession and property appraisal methods. The detailed objectives include: a critical comparative analysis of the solutions used in the above-mentioned countries, searching for interesting, unusual methodological propositions, and presenting a current assessment of the applied property appraisal methodology.
The foremost methods used in this article are: the analysis of legislative instruments, the analysis of literature concerning property appraisal methodology in Poland and Slovakia, and a questionnaire (CAWI and PAPI technique). Complementary knowledge was derived from official government internet portals and trade associations dealing with property appraisals. A comparative analysis was the basis for conducting research on the similarities and differences in the studied countries.
Relations between the orthogonal matrix polynomials on [a, b], Dyukarev-Stieltjes parameters, and Schur complements
Authors: Choque-Rivero A.E. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We obtain explicit interrelations between new Dyukarev-Stieltjes matrix parameters and orthogonal matrix polynomials on a finite interval [a, b], as well as the Schur complements of the block Hankel matrices constructed through the moments of the truncated Hausdorff matrix moment (THMM) problem in the nondegenerate case. Extremal solutions of the THMM problem are described with the help of matrix continued fractions.
Fatigue Performance of Vertical Vibration Compacted Cement-Stabilized Recycled Pavement Materials
Authors: Jiang Yingjun , Liu Haipeng , Xue Jinshun 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Cement-stabilized recycled pavement materials (CRPMs) have been increasingly used in road engineering. However, the fatigue performance of CRPMs compacted by vertical vibration compaction method (VVCM) has rarely been studied. This paper focuses on the fatigue performances of the CRPMs (including three ratios of reclaimed cement base material and reclaimed asphalt pavement materials, three contents of virgin aggregate, and two contents of cement) compacted by VVCM and its impacting factors. Then, fatigue equations were established, and tensile strength structure coefficients were obtained. Results show that the ratio of reclaimed cement base material to reclaimed asphalt pavement material obviously affects the fatigue performance of CRPMs under the same stress level. Meanwhile, the analysis of the fatigue equations indicated that when the stress level is 0.80 or 0.85, the fatigue life of CRPMs with a ratio of reclaimed cement base material to reclaimed asphalt pavement material of 7:3 is higher than that with other ratios. The fatigue life of CRPMs is appreciably improved with increased virgin aggregate content. The tensile strength structure coefficient of CRPMs is established for the pavement design. Verification results of an actual engineering project show that the value of tensile strength structure coefficient recommended in this study can effectively guide pavement structure design.
Loss of Balance between Striatal Feedforward Inhibition and Corticostriatal Excitation Leads to Tremor
Authors: Oran Yael , Bar-Gad Izhar 
Published: January 2018

Fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) exert powerful inhibitory control over the striatum and are hypothesized to balance the massive excitatory cortical and thalamic input to this structure. We recorded neuronal activity in the dorsolateral striatum and globus pallidus (GP) concurrently with the detailed movement kinematics of freely behaving female rats before and after selective inhibition of FSI activity using IEM-1460 microinjections. The inhibition led to the appearance of episodic rest tremor in the body part that depended on the somatotopic location of the injection within the striatum. The tremor was accompanied by coherent oscillations in the local field potential (LFP). Individual neuron activity patterns became oscillatory and coherent in the tremor frequency. Striatal neurons, but not GP neurons, displayed additional temporal, nonoscillatory correlations. The subsequent reduction in the corticostriatal input following muscimol injection to the corresponding somatotopic location in the primary motor cortex led to disruption of the tremor and a reduction of the LFP oscillations and individual neuron's phase-locked activity. The breakdown of the normal balance of excitation and inhibition in the striatum has been shown previously to be related to different motor abnormalities. Our results further indicate that the balance between excitatory corticostriatal input and feedforward FSI inhibition is sufficient to break down the striatal decorrelation process and generate oscillations resulting in rest tremor typical of multiple basal ganglia disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) play a key role in normal striatal processing by exerting powerful inhibitory control over the network. FSI malfunctions have been associated with abnormal processing of information within the striatum that leads to multiple movement disorders. Here, we study the changes in neuronal activity and movement kinematics following selective inhibition of these neurons. The injections led to the appearance of episodic rest tremor, accompanied by coherent oscillations in neuronal activity, which was reversed following corticostriatal inhibition. These results suggest that the balance between corticostriatal excitation and feedforward FSI inhibition is crucial for maintaining the striatal decorrelation process, and that its breakdown leads to the formation of oscillations resulting in rest tremor typical of multiple basal ganglia disorders.
Trastuzumab Plus Pertuzumab Resistance Does Not Preclude Response to Lapatinib Plus Trastuzumab in HER2-Amplified Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Fakih Marwan G. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) amplification represents a distinct molecular subgroup of colorectal cancers that is associated with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor resistance and sensitivity to dual HER2 targeting. Although clinical trials have reported activity for trastuzumab/pertuzumab and trastuzumab/lapatinib combinations, there are no reports on lapatinib plus trastuzumab activity after resistance to trastuzumab plus pertuzumab. Presented are three cases of HER2 amplified colorectal cancer that developed acquired refractoriness to trastuzumab pertuzumab with subsequent clinical benefit to lapatinib plus trastuzumab, highlighting the potential for HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibition plus trastuzumab in overcoming trastuzumab/pertuzumab resistance.
Southeastern Wildrye Nutritive Value and Production with Nitrogen Fertilizer or Legume Incorporation
Authors: Rushing J. Brett , Thornton Matthew T. 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
Southeastern wildrye produces adequate amounts of quality forage as a cool‐season native grass.Nitrogen and annual clover inclusion to southeastern wildrye stands improves nutritive values.Nitrogen and annual clover inclusion to southeastern wildrye stands improves dry matter yield.
Southeastern wildrye [Elymus glabriflorus (Vasey ex L.H. Dewey) Scrib & C.R. Ball] has been identified as a potential native, cool‐season, perennial forage crop for the southeastern United States. This study was conducted to determine how annual clovers or N applications influenced dry matter (DM) yield and nutritive values in southeastern wildrye stands. Field trials were established in 2014 at Newton and Starkville, MS, and were conducted for two growing seasons (2015 and 2016). Plots received one of five N treatments (0, 56, 112, 168, and 224 kg N ha−1) or five annual legumes in a randomized complete block design. Plots were sampled to monitor DM and nutritive value (crude protein [CP], acid detergent fiber [ADF], neutral detergent fiber [NDF], and relative forage quality [RFQ]). All treatments maintained adequate nutritive values for growing beef cattle throughout the course of the study. Nutritive value declined as the season progressed at each location. Clover treatments had greater mean CP (146–222 g kg−1 DM) values compared to N treatments (141–191 g kg−1 DM), especially in earlier harvests. Greater RFQ values were also observed for clover treatments (115–132) compared to N treatments (113–118) across all harvests. Mean cumulative DM yield, however, was somewhat greater for N‐treated plots, compared to clover plots. This was more clearly observed in late season harvests, as clover composition diminished with increasing temperatures. Nutritive value and DM production of southeastern wildrye with N or annual clover inclusion produces quality feedstuffs worthy of further investigation.
Expression of Drought‐Tolerant N2 Fixation in Heterogeneous Inbred Families derived from PI471938 and Hutcheson Soybean
Authors: Riar Mandeep K. , Cerezini Paula , Manandhar Anju , Sinclair Thomas R. , Li Zenglu , Carter Thomas E. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTNitrogen fixation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is particularly vulnerable to drought, since, in most genotypes, N2 fixation activity decreases very early in the soil drying cycle. Although a few soybean genotypes, including ‘PI 471938’, have been identified that express N2 fixation tolerance of drought, it is unknown how readily this trait is transferred to progeny. Unfortunately, the techniques used to phenotype for the tolerance trait are either too crude or too labor‐intensive to allow the acquisition of data required for a classical inheritance assessment. In this study, a heterogeneous inbred family (HIF) population derived from PI 471938 × ‘Hutcheson’ was studied for its N2 fixation drought tolerance to obtain a preliminary indication of the expression of this trait in progeny genotypes. An in situ flow‐through acetylene reduction assay was used to track the N2 fixation rates of 13 HIFs over dry‐down periods lasting about 2 wk. There was a distinct segregation among the HIFs, with nine exhibiting tolerance equivalent to PI 471938 and four exhibiting sensitivity equal to or greater than Hutcheson. These results indicate that N2 fixation drought tolerance might be transferred to progeny lines fairly readily, or at least retained in a selected population such as these HIFs.
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Grain Yield and Other Traits in Tropical Maize Under High and Low Soil‐Nitrogen Environments
Authors: Ribeiro P.F. , Badu‐Apraku B. , Gracen V.E. , Danquah E.Y. , Garcia‐Oliveira A.L. , Asante M.D. , Afriyie‐Debrah C. , Gedil M. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTLow soil Nitrogen (low‐N) is one of the most important abiotic stressors responsible for significant yield losses in maize (Zea maysL.). The development and commercialization of low‐N–tolerant genotypes can contribute to improved food security in developing countries. However, selection for low‐N tolerance is difficult because it is a complex trait with strong interaction between genotypes and environments. Marker‐assisted breeding holds great promise for improving such complex traits more efficiently and in less time, but requires markers associated with the trait of interest. In this study, 150 BC2F1families of CML 444 × CML 494 were evaluated at two locations for two consecutive seasons to identify SNP markers associated with quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield and other agronomic traits under low‐ and high‐N environments. A total of 13 QTL were identified with 158 SNP markers, of which nine and four QTL were detected under low‐ and high‐N environments, respectively. Five QTL one each for grain yield (qgy‐1), days to silking (qdts‐1) and anthesis‐ silking interval (qasi‐6), and two for stay green characteristic (qsg‐1 andqsg‐4) were close to their adjacent markers, with an interval of 0.7 to 5.2 cM between them and explained phenotypic variance of 9 to 21%. These QTL would be invaluable for rapid introgression of genomic regions into maize populations using marker‐assisted selection (MAS) approaches. However, further validation of these QTL is needed before use in MAS.
Soil Property and Class Maps of the Conterminous United States at 100‐Meter Spatial Resolution
Authors: Ramcharan Amanda , Hengl Tomislav , Nauman Travis , Brungard Colby , Waltman Sharon , Wills Skye , Thompson James 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
Ensemble machine learning methods were used to obtain gridded soil property and class maps.
Final predictions were generated for six soil properties and two soil classes at 100‐m resolution.
Soil data are easier to integrate with spatially explicit models compared with multicomponent map units.
Soil property maps are available at seven standard depths.
With growing concern for the depletion of soil resources, conventional soil maps need to be updated and provided at finer and finer resolutions to be able to support spatially explicit human–landscape models. Three US soil point datasets—the National Cooperative Soil Survey Characterization Database, the National Soil Information System, and the Rapid Carbon Assessment dataset—were combined with a stack of over 200 environmental datasets and gSSURGO polygon maps to generate complete coverage gridded predictions at 100‐m spatial resolution of six soil properties (percentage of organic C, total N, bulk density, pH, and percentage of sand and clay) and two US soil taxonomic classes (291 great groups [GGs] and 78 modified particle size classes [mPSCs]) for the conterminous United States. Models were built using parallelized random forest and gradient boosting algorithms as implemented in the ranger and xgboost packages for R. Soil property predictions were generated at seven standard soil depths (0, 5, 15, 30, 60, 100, and 200 cm). Prediction probability maps for US soil taxonomic classifications were also generated. Cross validation results indicated an out‐of‐bag classification accuracy of 60% for GGs and 66% for mPSCs; for soil properties, RMSE for leave‐location‐out cross‐validation was 0.74 (R2 = 0.68), 17.8 wt% (R2 = 0.57), 12 wt% (R2 = 0.46), 3.63 wt% (R2 = 0.41), 0.2 g cm−3 (R2 = 0.42), and 0.27 wt% (R2 = 0.39) for pH, percent sand and clay, weight percentage of organic C, bulk density, and weight percentage of total N, respectively. Nine independent validation datasets were used to assess prediction accuracies for soil class models, and results ranged between 24 and 58% and between 24 and 93% for GG and mPSC prediction accuracies, respectively. Although mapping accuracies were variable and likely lower than gSSURGO in some areas, this modeling approach can enable easier integration of soil information with spatially explicit models compared with multicomponent map units.
Improved Nitrogen Management as a Key Mitigation to Net Global Warming Potential and Greenhouse Gas Intensity on the North China Plain
Authors: Huang Tao , Hu Xiaokang , Gao Bing , Yang Hao , Huang Changchun , Ju Xiaotang 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
Effects of improved N management on net GWP and GHG intensity were investigated.
Fertilizer production and irrigation were the main contributors to GWP.
Optimized chemical N and manure N can decrease net GWP and GHG intensity relative to conventional N.
Improved N management could realize food security and net GWP mitigation concomitantly.
Agricultural production is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. Net global warming potential (net GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) were investigated in a maize–wheat rotation from 2011 to 2014 on the North China Plain by summarizing the net exchange of CO2 equivalent (CO2–eq) from direct and indirect GHG emissions. The experiment included four managements: no N input (N0), conventional chemical‐N management (Ncon), optimized chemical N management (Nopt), and balanced chemical‐N management incorporated with dairy manure (MNbal). Cumulative N2O emissions were significantly increased by N input rates. Soil organic carbon (SOC) content increased linearly in all treatments with 0.11 to 0.46 g C kg–1 yr–1 at 0 to 20 cm. The energy consumption associated with chemical N‐fertilizer production and irrigation was the main contributor to GWP. Compared with Ncon, a 45% decrease in chemical‐N input by Nopt brought about a 33% decrease in net GWP, but a 10% decrease in grain yield, and thus only reduced 25% of GHGI. A 40% decrease in total N application in the MNbal treatment saved chemical N by 66% and increased soil organic carbon sequestration by 45%, increased grain yield by 18%, and finally, decreased net GWP and GHGI by 48 and 56%, respectively, relative to the Ncon treatment. We conclude that the incorporation of dairy manure with chemical N is a promising strategy for reducing net GWP and ensuring food security concomitantly in these intensive maize–wheat cropping systems on the North China Plain.
Bradley Maxwell Selway: A Personal Tribute
Authors: Williams John M 
Published: January 2018

On 10 April 2005 Justice Bradley Selway died. He was 50. For those who knew and worked with Brad, as he was universally known, this was crushing news. Like many I came across Brad through a shared interest in public law, an area in which he excelled, and like many a professional interaction it turned into a cherished friendship.My first meeting with Brad was when he agreed to chair a continuing legal education seminar in Adelaide on section 90 of the Constitution. As an inexperienced academic I was nervous and clearly portrayed that lack of confidence. He, as was his way, calmed the situation by reminding all that he should be the nervous one having just lost the States $5 billion with the High Court’s decision in Ha v New South Wales.