bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermally Conductive Yield‐Stress Fluids with Reversible Solid–Liquid Transition Used as Thermal Interface Materials for Heat Dissipation of Chips
Authors: Wei Yimin , Pang Yunsong , Zeng Xiangliang , Zeng Chen , Ren Linlin , Xu Jianbin , Sun Rong , Zeng Xiaoliang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThermal interface materials (TIMs) paly an indispensable role in improving overall performance of chip, due to the boom of cloud service, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. However, traditional TIMs tend to behave as liquid‐like or solid‐like features, which cannot meet the new requirement of both long‐term stability and excellent thermal‐conduction property. Here, a thermally conductive yield stress fluid consisting of phenyl‐vinyl polydimethylsiloxane polymer and aluminum oxide fillers is reported. This material exhibits reversible liquid–solid transition with a yield‐stress value of 87.32 Pa, and low thermal resistance (0.16 K cm2 W−1). The reversible liquid–solid transition and low thermal resistance are both attributed to the formation of the filler network, as demonstrated by using rheology and two‐phase model. Furthermore, a unifying description of the liquid–solid transition is proposed based on a jamming phase diagram, by considering three factors including filler fraction, temperature, and stress. The yield‐stress fluids combine the desired dispensing due to their liquid‐like behavior and the excellent long‐term stability due to their solid‐like feature. An insight is further provided into the application of this yield‐stress fluids in high‐performance TIMs.
The Self‐Expanding Frame of Graphydiyne Induces Rapid Transport of Lithium Ions in All‐Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Shen Han , Song Congying , Wang Zhongqiang , Li Guoxing , Li Yuliang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLow ionic conductivity hinders the practical application of solid polymer electrolytes. Here, an interface‐oscillating polymer electrolyte (IOPE) based on graphdiyne (GDY) is designed and prepared to enable high‐performance all‐solid‐state lithium (Li) metal batteries (ASSLMBs). The affinity of GDY to Li ions induces the competitive adsorption of Li ions, weakens the coordination ability of Li ions with electron‐rich oxygen (on ethylene oxide), and accelerates the Li‐ion migration kinetics. The weak coordination between Li+‐acetylene greatly promotes the rapid reversible transition of GDY itself, resulting in strong self‐expanding/shrinking of the GDY skeleton and the GDY/polymer interface oscillation, and the reduction of the Li‐ion diffusion energy barrier at the interfaces. Consequently, the as‐prepared IOPE shows significantly improved Li‐ion conductivity (1.5 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 35 °C) and transference number, as well as excellent stability toward Li metal anodes. The ASSLMBs assembled with LiFePO4 cathodes and IOPE exhibit excellent rate and cycling performance, capable of stable operation for more than 250 cycles with a high‐capacity retention of 98% at 0.1C (1C = 170 mA g−1). The high‐performance all‐solid‐state Li metal pouch cells are also demonstrated to show great potential for the practical application of IOPE.
2D Reconfigurable Memtransistor for High‐Performance Dual‐Mode Memory and Broadband Photodetection
Authors: Tan Chao , Wu Haijuan , Lin Zhicheng , Yang Lei , Wang Zegao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDeveloping multifunctional nanoelectronics will facilitate simplifying the circuits for future high‐integrated system. CuInP2S6 (CIPS) exhibiting ferroionic phenomena allows the manipulation of polarization and conductive behaviors. Here, a MoS2 transistor is fabricated with CIPS gate dielectric layer to realize the functions of nonvolatile memory, broadband photodetector and voltage comparator. It exhibited convex‐shaped anti‐ambipolar transfer characteristics, with a sharp boundary as the n‐/p‐type conductance conversion line, guiding the precise modulation of its working modes by tuning voltage. The CIPS works as a ferroelectric insulator to support the n‐type transistor, while as a semiconductor dominated by Cu+ migration to reconfigure a p‐type memristive transistor. It owns hysteresis behavior in both modes, demonstrating the n‐ and p‐type memory windows synchronously. Also, it exhibits the nonvolatile memory property with low energy‐consumption of 4 pJ per bite, good endurance of 2567 write‐erase cycles, and good retention with a high current on/off ratio of 2 × 103 over 104 s without any obvious decay. Moreover, it extends the photodetection from visible to near‐infrared with the responsivity of 321 AW−1 at 1200 nm wavelength. This work provides an effective strategy for the realization of multiple functions by specific materials and devices.
Microfiber Actuators With Hot‐Pressing‐Programmable Mechano‐Photothermal Responses for Electromagnetic Perception
Authors: Wu Mengjie , Zhou Xinran , Zhang Jiwei , Liu Luyun , Wang Shuang , Zhu Liming , Ming Zechang , Zhang Yufan , Xia Yong , Li Weikang , Zhou Zijie , Fan Minghui , Xiong Jiaqing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElectromagnetic radiation (EMR) is a ubiquitous harm and hard to detect dynamically in multiple scenarios. A mechano‐photothermal cooperative microfiber film (MFF) actuator is developed that can synchronously detect EMR with high reliability. The programmable actuation is deployed by a hot‐pressing methodology, achieving the MFF with moderate modulus (378 MPa) and superior toughness (87.26 MJ m−3) that ensure superior response (0.068 cm−1 s−1) and bending curvature (0.63 cm−1). A secondary hot‐pressing can further program the actuation behavior with black phosphorus local photothermal enhancement patterns to achieve 2D–3D transformable geometries. An amphibious robot with a land–water adaptive locomotion mechanism is designed by programming the MFFs. It can crawl on land and locomote on water with a velocity up to ≈1.8 mm s−1, and ≈2.39 cm s−1, respectively. Employing the conductive fabric layer of the actuator with electromagnetic induction effect, the amphibious robot can synchronously perceive environmental EMR with sensitivity up to 99.73% ± 0.15% during locomotion, with superior adaptability to EMR source intensity (0.1 to 3000 W) and distance (≈9 m) compared to a commercial EMR detector. This EMR detective microfiber actuator can inspire a new direction of environment‐interactive smart materials, and soft robots with multi‐scenario adaptivity and autonomous environment perceptivity.
Unlocking Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Through Ru–Sn Dual Metal Sites and a Novel Hydroxyl Spillover Effect
Authors: Yan Zhen‐Tong , Tao Shi , Wang Juan , Lu Xiu‐Li , Lu Tong‐Bu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has great potential in practical hydrogen production but is still limited by the lack of active and stable electrocatalysts. Herein, the efficient water dissociation process, fast transfer of adsorbed hydroxyl and optimized hydrogen adsorption are first achieved on a cooperative electrocatalyst, named as Ru–Sn/SnO2 NS, in which the Ru–Sn dual metal sites and SnO2 heterojunction are constructed based on porous Ru nanosheet. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations and in situ infrared spectra suggest that Ru–Sn dual sites can optimize the water dissociation process and hydrogen adsorption, while the existence of SnO2 can induce the unique hydroxyl spillover effect, accelerating the hydroxyl transfer process and avoiding the poison of active sites. As results, Ru–Sn/SnO2 NS display remarkable alkaline HER performance with an extremely low overpotential (12 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and robust stability (650 h), much superior to those of Ru NS (27 mV at 10 mA cm−2 with 90 h stability) and Ru–Sn NS (16 mV at 10 mA cm−2 with 120 h stability). The work sheds new light on designing of efficient alkaline HER electrocatalyst.
Tailoring of Polypyrrole Wrapped Cotton Fiber Sponge for Simultaneous Solar Steam and Solar Thermoelectric Generation
Authors: Chen Tingjie , Tang Yuhan , Song Na , Lin Zhaoxing , Xu Lihong , Peng Xiangfang , Chen Xin , He Minghui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSolar steam generation (SSG) using floatable evaporators to absorb solar energy and generate heat at the water–air interface has attracted increasing interest in achieving water purification and desalination. Using biodegradable and porous biomass materials as evaporators to fabricate high‐performance SSG devices is a promising route, but the poor efficiency and fussy and energy‐intensive manufacturing process for biomass material‐based evaporators will restrict their practical application. Here, an old commercial cotton quilt is used to prepare porous cotton fiber sponges (CFS) via a simple and scalable mechanical foaming strategy. After being decorated by the polypyrrole (PPy), the CFS@PPy sponge with a hierarchical porous structure shows broadband light absorption capacity, good hydrophilicity, and excellent photothermal capacity. The obtained sponge can be directly used as an evaporator floating on the seawater and shows a high steam‐generation efficiency of 85.07% under 1 sun irradiation. Additionally, it can be used as a photothermal material to construct a solar thermoelectric generation (STG) device and achieve an enhanced open‐circuit voltage (Vout) of 0.4 V and output current (Iout) of ≈59.6 mA under 5 sun irradiations. With the help of a boost converter, the power generation from the STG device can continuously charge the electric bulb and wristband.
TRPC3/6 Channels Mediate Mechanical Pain Hypersensitivity via Enhancement of Nociceptor Excitability and of Spinal Synaptic Transmission
Authors: Sun Zhi‐Chuan , Han Wen‐Juan , Dou Zhi‐Wei , Lu Na , Wang Xu , Wang Fu‐Dong , Ma Sui‐Bin , Tian Zhi‐Cheng , Xian Hang , Liu Wan‐Neng , Liu Ying‐Ying , Wu Wen‐Bin , Chu Wen‐Guang , Guo Huan , Wang Fei , Ding Hui , Liu Yuan‐Ying , Tao Hui‐Ren , Freichel Marc , Birnbaumer Lutz , Li Zhen‐Zhen , Xie Rou‐Gang , Wu Sheng‐Xi , Luo Ceng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPatients with tissue inflammation or injury often experience aberrant mechanical pain hypersensitivity, one of leading symptoms in clinic. Despite this, the molecular mechanisms underlying mechanical distortion are poorly understood. Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channels confer sensitivity to mechanical stimulation. TRPC3 and TRPC6 proteins, coassembling as heterotetrameric channels, are highly expressed in sensory neurons. However, how these channels mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity has remained elusive. It is shown that in mice and human, TRPC3 and TRPC6 are upregulated in DRG and spinal dorsal horn under pathological states. Double knockout of TRPC3/6 blunts mechanical pain hypersensitivity, largely by decreasing nociceptor hyperexcitability and spinal synaptic potentiation via presynaptic mechanism. In corroboration with this, nociceptor‐specific ablation of TRPC3/6 produces comparable pain relief. Mechanistic analysis reveals that upon peripheral inflammation, TRPC3/6 in primary sensory neurons get recruited via released bradykinin acting on B1/B2 receptors, facilitating BDNF secretion from spinal nociceptor terminals, which in turn potentiates synaptic transmission through TRPC3/6 and eventually results in mechanical pain hypersensitivity. Antagonizing TRPC3/6 in DRG relieves mechanical pain hypersensitivity in mice and nociceptor hyperexcitability in human. Thus, TRPC3/6 in nociceptors is crucially involved in pain plasticity and constitutes a promising therapeutic target against mechanical pain hypersensitivity with minor side effects.
Endothelial Foxo1 Phosphorylation Inhibition via Aptamer‐Liposome Alleviates OPN‐Induced Pathological Vascular Remodeling Following Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Xu Jiaqi , Shi Chaoran , Ding Yinghe , Qin Tian , Li Chengjun , Yuan Feifei , Liu Yudong , Xie Yong , Qin Yiming , Cao Yong , Wu Tianding , Duan Chunyue , Lu Hongbin , Hu Jianzhong , Jiang Liyuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractReconstruction of the neurovascular unit is essential for the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI). Nonetheless, detailed documentation of specific vascular changes following SCI and targeted interventions for vascular treatment remains limited. This study demonstrates that traumatic pathological vascular remodeling occurs during the chronic phase of injury, characterized by enlarged vessel diameter, disruption of blood‐spinal cord barrier, endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), and heightened extracellular matrix deposition. After SCI, osteopontin (OPN), a critical factor secreted by immune cells, is indispensable for early vascular regeneration but also contributes to traumatic pathological vascular remodeling. This work further elucidates the mechanism by which OPN influences spinal cord microvascular endothelial cells, involving Akt‐mediated Foxo1 phosphorylation. This process facilitates the extranuclear transport of Foxo1 and decreases Smad7 expression, leading to excessive activation of the TGF‐β signaling pathway, which ultimately results in EndoMT and fibrosis. Targeted inhibition of Foxo1 phosphorylation through an endothelium‐specific aptamer‐liposome small molecule delivery system significantly mitigates vascular remodeling, thereby enhancing axon regeneration and neurological function recovery following SCI. The findings offer a novel perspective for drug therapies aimed at specifically targeting pathological vasculature after SCI.
How Does Cultural and Colonial Heritage Affect Optimal Branding Strategies? Evidence From the Rice Sector in Senegal
Authors: Britwum Kofi , Demont Matty 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAfrica's cultural and colonial heritage has profoundly segmented rice markets. Whereas in ancient centers of rice domestication, consumers maintained preferences for local rice consistent with their cultural heritage, preferences have shifted toward imported Asian rice in coastal areas around seaports, due to prior exposure to colonial import substitution policies. To enhance the competitiveness of locally produced rice relative to imported versions, it is necessary to tailor new local rice products to both market segments. A study was conducted in Senegal to test branding strategies for local rice in a country where both market segments coexist. Brands that mimic local and international labels were developed for local rice, and urban consumers bid to upgrade non‐preferred to preferred brands through the Becker–DeGroot–Marschak (BDM) mechanism. Contrary to expectations, results from an endogenous switching regression show that descendants from ancient Senegalese rice domesticators placed premiums on local rice with foreign‐looking brands, indicating that foreignness is perceived as a quality cue even in market segments rooted in cultural heritage. Thus, branding local rice using a combination of local and foreign cues could be an effective strategy in promoting domestic rice to both segments shaped by cultural and colonial heritage.
Plastome phylogenomics and new fossil evidence from Dominican amber shed light on the evolutionary history of the Neotropical fern genus Pecluma
Authors: Regalado Ledis , Appelhans Marc S. , Poehlein Anja , Himmelbach Axel , Schmidt Alexander R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPremiseMolecular studies based on chloroplast markers have questioned the monophyly of the fern genus Pecluma (Polypodioideae, Polypodiaceae), which has several species of Polypodium nested within it. We explored the delimitation of Pecluma and its biogeographic pattern by evaluating the phylogenetic position of four Polypodium species not sequenced thus far and integrating the first fossil evidence of Pecluma.MethodsUsing herbarium material, we applied a genome‐skimming approach to obtain a phylogenetic hypothesis of Polypodioideae; assessed the combination of character states observed in the fossil from Miocene Dominican amber using a previously published phylogeny of Polypodioideae based on four plastid markers as framework; calculated divergence times; and conducted an ancestral area estimation.ResultsWithin Polypodioideae, Pecluma was recovered as sister to Phlebodium. Three of the newly sequenced species—Polypodium otites, P. pinnatissimum, and P. ursipes—were recovered with maximum support within the Pecluma clade, whereas P. christensenii remained within Polypodium. The closest combination of character states of the fossil was found within Pecluma. Our biogeographic analyses suggest an Eocene origin of the genus in South America, with several subsequent Oligocene and Miocene colonization events to Mexico–Central America and to the West Indies.ConclusionsAlthough the circumscription of Pecluma is still challenging, our results elucidate the origin and age of the genus. The newly described fossil, Pecluma hispaniolae sp. nov., supports the hypothesis that the epiphytic communities of the Greater Antilles exhibit a constant generic composition since the Miocene. We propose new combinations (Pecluma otites, Pecluma pinnatissima, and Pecluma ursipes) to accommodate three species previously classified in Polypodium.
Calculation and Comparison of Step Guidelines for Preschooler Physical Activity While Indoors
Authors: Roman Halle , Redman Leanne M. , Neshteruk Cody D. , Hales Derek , Helsel Brian , Kracht Chelsea L. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesPreschooler physical activity (PA) is vital for growth and development. The World Health Organization PA guidelines state preschoolers should achieve ≥ 180 min/day of Total PA (TPA) of which ≥ 60 min is moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA). A step/day recommendation to match these guidelines may be a more practical metric for caregivers to promote PA. The purpose of our investigation is to improve upon existing step recommendations by creating one for indoor‐based activities, acknowledging where preschoolers spend most of their time, and various cut‐points for PA.MethodsIn a laboratory study (Aim 1), a validated direct observation protocol was used to quantify preschooler PA intensity while performing indoor activities (n = 35). Actigraph GT3x accelerometers were placed on the waist, wrist, and ankle to measure step count. In a field study (Aim 2), habitual PA of 881 preschoolers (7113 valid days) via waist‐worn accelerometers was used to assess the agreement between created guidelines (Aim 1) and other step recommendations with PA guidelines using Receiver Operating Characteristic and Area Under the Curve (ROC‐AUC).ResultsIn the laboratory study, calculated indoor step ranges were 6960–7440 (waist), 7200–8640 (wrist), and 7680–9120 (ankle) to align with existing PA guidance. In the field, the higher step guidelines (> 12 000) achieved very limited agreement, due to few preschoolers achieving this metric. The 6000 step/day guidelines had the highest agreement (AUCs: TPA: 0.637; MVPA: 0.751; TPA + MVPA: 0.761) with PA guideline.ConclusionsWhen preschoolers are indoors, 6000 steps may be the minimum for adequate PA.
Solid‐State Melt Rearrangement of Azidofluorenes for the Synthesis of Phenanthridine Derivatives
Authors: Pandey Akanksha M. , Mondal Shankhajit , Andotra Palvi , Gnanaprakasam Boopathy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhenanthridines are prevalent core in several natural products and staining agents that could be assembled in various manners. However, to our knowledge, the skeletal editing of azides via solid‐state melt rearrangement (SSMR) without catalysts, bases, and additives to access phenanthridines is not reported in the literature. Herein, we report solvent‐free and catalyst‐free thermolytic SSMR of azidofluorenes to phenanthridine derivatives. This protocol successfully demonstrates 21 examples of phenanthridines by SSMR of symmetrical and unsymmetrical azidofluorenes in good to excellent yields. The green metrics of the developed protocol are in good accordance with ideal green chemistry metrics.
Detaillierte Analyse der Bindepräferenz von Roquin an RNA‐Stammschleifen
Authors: Oberstrass Lasse , Tants Jan‐Niklas , Lichtenthaeler Chiara , Ali Sara E. , Koch Louisa , Mathews David H. , Schlundt Andreas , Weigand Julia E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDie Konzentration von mRNAs in der Zelle wird posttranskriptionell durch cis‐regulierende Elemente in der 3’‐untranslatierten Region gesteuert. Diese linearen oder strukturierten Elemente werden von RNA‐bindenden Proteinen (RBPs) erkannt, um die mRNA‐Stabilität zu kontrollieren. Die Proteine Roquin‐1 und −2 erkennen spezifisch RNA‐Stammschleifenmotive. Mit ihrer einzigartigen ROQ‐Domäne erkennen sie Trinukleotid‐Schleifen enthaltende konstitutive Degradationselemente (engl. constitutive decay elements, CDEs) und Hexanukleotid‐Schleifen enthaltende alternative Degradationselemente (engl. alternative decay elements, ADEs), um den mRNA‐Abbau zu initiieren. Die RNA‐Bindekapazität von Roquin gegenüber verschiedenen Klassen von Stammschleifen ist bis jetzt nicht genau charakterisiert, so dass die genauen Bindepräferenzen unklar sind. Hier katalogisieren wir die RNA‐Bindepräferenz der ROQ‐Domäne auf Nukleotidebene mit sRBNS (engl. structured RNA Bind‐n‐Seq), einem neuartigen und angepassten RBNS Protokoll mit strukturierten RNA‐Bibliotheken. Dadurch konnte eine klare Präferenz von Roquin für bestimmte Schleifengrößen festgestellt werden und die bekannten Konsensusmotive für CDEs und ADEs erweitert werden. Die neu identifizierten Motive werden mit nanomolarer Affinität über die bekannte RNA‐ROQ‐Bindung erkannt. Unter Verwendung dieser neuen Stammschleifenvarianten als Blaupausen haben wir neue Ziel‐mRNAs von Roquin vorhergesagt und den erweiterten Targetraum in Zellen verifiziert. Diese Studie demonstriert die Leistungsfähigkeit von Hochdurchsatzverfahren mit RNA‐Strukturen für die systematische Untersuchung von (strukturellen) RNA‐Bindepräferenzen zur detaillierten Identifizierung von mRNA‐Targets und zur Aufklärung der biologischen Funktion von RBPs.
Homonukleare Super‐Resolution NMR‐Spektroskopie
Authors: Gampp Olivia , Wenchel Luca , Güntert Peter , Riek Roland 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn homonuklearen 1H NMR ‐Spektren wie dem [1H,1H]‐NOESY‐Spektrum (Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement Spectroscopy), einem historischen Eckpfeiler der biomolekularen NMR‐Strukturbiologie, treten innerhalb eines Quadrats von etwa 100 ppm2 hunderte bis tausende von Kreuzpeaks auf, was zu einer starken Signalüberlappung führt. Die spektrale Auflösung ist daher ein limitierender Faktor für die eindeutige Zuordnung der chemischen Verschiebung und die Interpretation der Daten für die Dynamik und Strukturaufklärung. Die Aufnahme der Spektren bei höheren Magnetfeldern, z. B. bei einer 1.2 GHz 1H‐Frequenz, hilft, die spektrale Überlagerung zu verringern, da die Auflösung proportional zur Magnetfeldstärke skaliert. Hier zeigen wir, dass die Linienbreiten von Kreuzpeaks in [1H,1H]‐NOESY‐ und [1H,1H]‐TOCSY‐Spektren durch Super‐Resolution Spektroskopie in jeder Dimension um einen Faktor 2 bis 3 weiter reduziert werden können. In der indirekten Dimension wird eine zusammengesetzte, exponentiell‐kosinus‐gewichtete Anzahl von Scans entlang der Zeitinkremente gemessen und durch eine Windowfunction digital geglättet, während in der direkten Dimension ein Produkt aus Exponential‐ und Kosinusfunktion alsApodisierungsfunktion angewendet wird. Darüber hinaus wird eine Zeitersparnis bei der Messung durch Reduced‐Acquired Super‐ Resolution (RASR) eingeführt. Die Anwendung auf das 20 kDa Protein KRAS zeigt, dass hochaufgelöste NMR‐Spektren, die sich für eine automatisierte Analyse eignen, in weniger als 3 Stunden aufgenommen werden können. Die Methode eröffnet einen Weg zur automatisierten Zuordnung chemischer Verschiebungen, Dynamik und Strukturbestimmung von unmarkierten kleinen und mittelgroßen Proteinen innerhalb von 24 Stunden.