bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastric Cancer Actively Remodels Mechanical Microenvironment to Promote Chemotherapy Resistance via MSCs‐Mediated Mitochondrial Transfer
Authors: He Xin , Zhong Li , Wang Nan , Zhao Baiwei , Wang Yannan , Wu Xinxiang , Zheng Changyu , Ruan Yueheng , Hou Jianfeng , Luo Yusheng , Yin Yuehan , He Yulong , Xiang Andy Peng , Wang Jiancheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChemotherapy resistance is the main reason of treatment failure in gastric cancer (GC). However, the mechanism of oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that extracellular mechanical signaling plays crucial roles in OXA resistance within GC. We selected OXA‐resistant GC patients and analyzed tumor tissues by single‐cell sequencing, and found that the mitochondrial content of GC cells increased in a biosynthesis‐independent manner. Moreover, we found that the increased mitochondria of GC cells were mainly derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which could repair the mitochondrial function and reduce the levels of mitophagy in GC cells, thus leading to OXA resistance. Furthermore, we investigated the underlying mechanism and found that mitochondrial transfer was mediated by mechanical signals of the extracellular matrix (ECM). After OXA administration, GC cells actively secreted ECM in the tumor microenvironment (TEM), increasing matrix stiffness of the tumor tissues, which promoted mitochondria to transfer from MSCs to GC cells via microvesicles (MVs). Meanwhile, inhibiting the mechanical‐related RhoA/ROCK1 pathway could alleviate OXA resistance in GC cells. In summary, these results indicate that matrix stiffness could be used as an indicator to identify chemotherapy resistance, and targeting mechanical‐related pathway could effectively alleviate OXA resistance and improve therapeutic efficacy.
The evaluation of video‐assisted debriefing for improving performance in simulated medical student resuscitations
Authors: VandenBerg James , Moss Henry , Wechsler Courtney , Johnson Chelsea , McRae Matthew , Sloan Shawn , Dimitrijevski Trifun , Kouyoumjian Sarkis , Kline Jeffrey A. , Messman Anne 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesSimulation‐based training is commonly used in medical education. However, there is a gap in knowledge regarding best practices in debriefing. We aimed to identify novel solutions to this by adapting video‐assisted debriefing (VAD) methodologies used in athletic training. We hypothesized that utilizing VAD would lead to improvements in performance during advanced cardiac life support (ACLS)‐based simulations compared to traditional verbal debriefing (VD).MethodsThe study was conducted at a single medical school. Participants were fourth‐year medical students engaging in ACLS simulation‐based training as part of their emergency medicine rotation. After completing an ACLS‐based simulation, participants received either VD or VAD and then completed a second simulation scenario. Our primary outcome was ACLS performance, graded by blinded reviewers utilizing a previously developed modified checklist. Secondary outcomes included time from cardiac arrest to initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and first defibrillation. Measurements were made before and after the interventional debrief, referred to as pre‐ and postdebrief. A modified Likert‐scale survey was used to subjectively assess the student's overall experience.ResultsForty‐six groups of 275 students were included in the study. Mean ACLS performance score for VD and VAD postdebrief were 85% and 82%, respectively (p = 0.27). Mean time from arrest to CPR initiation for VD and VAD postdebrief groups were 20 and 24 s, respectively (p = 0.46). Mean time from arrest to defibrillation for VD and VAD postdebrief groups were 50 and 59 s, respectively (p = 0.39). For the Likert surveys, 85% or more of participants in both groups indicated that the session was “very helpful” in all survey categories.ConclusionsVD and VAD both led to improvements in ACLS performance, time to initiation of CPR, and defibrillation among fourth‐year medical students. Though postdebrief results were not statistically significantly different by comparison, overall VD led to greater improvement overall across all outcomes.
Characterization of phosphorus balances in corn silage fields from eight New York dairies
Authors: Olivo Agustin J. , Klaiber Laura B. , Workman Kirsten , Ketterings Quirine M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOptimizing phosphorus (P) application in corn (Zea mays L.) silage production systems to align with crop P requirements while sustaining soil test P (STP) levels can help mitigate environmental risks and enhance farm profitability. The objectives of this study were to characterize P balances of corn silage fields in New York, their drivers, relationships between P balances and field STP and nitrogen (N) balances, as well as the impact of manure application practices on balances. Field‐level balances (supply–uptake) for P and N were derived for 994 field observations across eight dairy farms and 5 years. On average, P balances were low (11 kg P ha−1) with a wide range across farm averages (−11 to 30 kg P ha−1). Across farms, P was applied at higher rates to fields with adequate STP than to lower STP fields, indicating potential opportunities for reallocation of P within farms. Phosphorus balances were positively related to N balances. Manure nutrient utilization indicated that N‐based applications would lead to large positive P balances in all farms. Phosphorus‐based manure applications could cover on average 51% of corn N requirements under current farm manure application practices. This could be increased up to 85% when maximizing the utilization of manure inorganic N. Management alternatives to prevent excessive P balances include improving diet formulation to reduce P excretion, reducing animal density, exporting manure, implementing manure treatment technologies that conserve N and/or remove P, combining appropriate rates of manure and fertilizer, and maximizing manure inorganic N utilization in field applications.
Electrolyte Design Enables Stable and Energy‐Dense Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Wang Xiaofang , Zhu Jiacheng , Li Nan , Wang Linlin , Yang Yusi , Chen Yifan , Tan Lulu , Niu Xiaogang , Wang Xuefeng , Ji Xiao , Zhu Yujie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFree from strategically important elements such as lithium, nickel, cobalt, and copper, potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) are heralded as promising low‐cost and sustainable electrochemical energy storage systems that complement the existing lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, the reported electrochemical performance of PIBs is still suboptimal, especially under practically relevant battery manufacturing conditions. The primary challenge stems from the lack of electrolytes capable of concurrently supporting both the low‐voltage anode and high‐voltage cathode with satisfactory Coulombic efficiency (CE) and cycling stability. Herein, we report a promising electrolyte that facilitates the commercially mature graphite anode (>3 mAh cm−2) to achieve an initial CE of 91.14 % (with an average cycling CE around 99.94 %), fast redox kinetics, and negligible capacity fading for hundreds of cycles. Meanwhile, the electrolyte also demonstrates good compatibility with the 4.4 V (vs. K+/K) high‐voltage K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] (KMF) cathode. Consequently, the KMF||graphite full‐cell without precycling treatment of both electrodes can provide an average discharge voltage of 3.61 V with a specific energy of 316.5 Wh kg−1−(KMF+graphite), comparable to the LiFePO4||graphite LIBs, and maintain 71.01 % capacity retention after 2000 cycles.
End‐Extended Conjugation Strategy to Reduce the Efficiency‐Stability‐Mechanical Robustness Gap in Binary All‐Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Xu , Gao Huanhuan , Kan Yuanyuan , Wang Xunchang , Zhang Wenqing , Zhou Kangkang , Xu Huajun , Ye Long , Yang Renqiang , Yang Yingguo , Hao Xiaotao , Sun Yanna , Gao Ke 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConcurrently achieving high efficiency, mechanical robustness and thermal stability is critical for the commercialization of all‐polymer solar cells (APSCs). However, APSCs usually demonstrate complicated morphology, primarily attributed to the polymer chain entanglement which has a detrimental effect on their fill factors (FF) and morphology stability. To address these concerns, an end‐group extended polymer acceptor, PY‐NFT, was synthesized and studied. The morphology analysis showed a tightly ordered molecular packing mode and a favorable phase separation was formed. The PM6 : PY‐NFT‐based device achieved an exceptional PCE of 19.12 % (certified as 18.45 %), outperforming the control PM6 : PY‐FT devices (17.14 %). This significant improvement highlights the record‐high PCE for binary APSCs. The thermal aging study revealed that the PM6 : PY‐NFT blend exhibited excellent morphological stability, thereby achieving superior device stability, retaining 90 % of initial efficiency after enduring thermal stress (65 °C) for 1500 hours. More importantly, the PM6 : PY‐NFT blend film exhibited outstanding mechanical ductility with a crack onset strain of 24.1 %. Overall, rational chemical structure innovation, especially the conjugation extension strategy to trigger appropriate phase separation and stable morphology, is the key to achieving high efficiency, improved thermal stability and robust mechanical stability of APSCs.
Novel Fe (III), Cu (II), and Zn (II) Chelates of Organoselenium‐Based Schiff Base: Design, Synthesis, Characterization, DFT, Anticancer, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Investigations
Authors: Shaaban Saad , Abu‐Dief Ahmed M. , Alaasar Mohamed , Al‐Janabi Ahmed S. M. , Alsadun Norah S. , Al Duaij Omar K. , Yousef Tarek A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTNovel three metal complexes were synthesized starting from the selenated Schiff base 2‐(((4‐(benzylselanyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)‐5‐nitrophenol (BnSeOH) ligand. Elements, spectral data, magnetic moment, molar conductance, and thermal gravimetric investigations were used to confirm their structures, as well as X‐ray diffraction, IR, NMR, and MS spectroscopic techniques. Octahedral geometry was proposed for the Fe (III), Cu (II), and Zn (II) complexes. The anticancer and antimicrobial activities were assessed against various mammalian cells and pathogenic strains. Within this context, the Fe (III) complex and BnSeOH ligand were the most cytotoxic, and their toxicity was more pronounced in the case of HepG2 cells. Likewise, the Fe (III) complex and BnSeOH ligand showed good antimicrobial activity against Candida Albicans, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogens. Furthermore, the antioxidant properties were also estimated using DPPH and SOD bioassays. Computational analysis revealed the ligand exhibits lower reactivity relative to its metal complexes based on the ΔE gap and η values representing energy gap and hardness. The parameters examined in this study provide valuable insight into the bonding, electronic properties, reactivity, and polarity of the compounds under investigation. The pharmacological and computational findings point to promising activities of complexes.
BaS:MnS:Sb2S5 Mixed Metal Chalcogenide Cubes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Exploring Energy Storage and Production Potential
Authors: Ahmad Khuram Shahzad , Jaffri Shaan Bibi , Al‐Hawadi Jehad S. , Panchal Harsh , Gupta Ram K. , Ashraf Ghulam Abbas , Abdel‐Maksoud Mostafa A. , Al‐Qahtani Wahidah H. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEnergy‐efficient semiconducting BaS:MnS:Sb2S5 has been synthesized using a single source precursor method. The resulting dithiocarbamate metallic sulfide has an average crystallite size of 17.77 nm and a small band gap of 3.82 eV. A functional group investigation revealed the presence of several bonds, including the metal sulfide bond. This sulfide exhibited a double‐step thermal breakdown pattern. BaS:MnS:Sb2S5 particles were formed like cubes and tended to form cube‐like formations. The electrochemical charge‐storing behavior of BaS:MnS:Sb2S5 was investigated using a nickel foam electrode and a sulfide slurry. The fabricated electrode demonstrated a satisfactory capacity for charge storage, with a specific capacitance of 762.83 F g−1. This indicates a substantial amount of potential for long‐term energy storage utilizing electrodes. This electrode has a specific power density of 9084.78 W kg−1 and a low series resistance of (Rs) = 0.71 Ω, as per impedance measurements. Electro‐catalysis produced an OER overpotential and a corresponding Tafel slope of 233 mV and 157 mV/dec from the electrode. Conversely, for HER activity, the obtained overpotential and subsequent Tafel slope were 386 mV and 73 mV dec−1, respectively.
Evaluating the Presence of Interspecific Hybrids Among Piaractus mesopotamicus, Piaractus brachypomus and Colossoma macropomum in the Upper Paraná River Using Genetic Markers
Authors: Cavalcanti Lidiany Doreto , Lima Lara Darice , Carrijo‐Mauad Juliana Rosa , Russo Márcia Regina , de Oliveira Alessandra Valéria , Takemoto Ricardo Massato 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTFish hybridization is common in aquaculture worldwide, including in Brazil, with cross‐breeding between species of the genera Piaractus and Colossoma taking the lead. However, little is known about the genetic damage caused by hybrids that escape into natural environments. In the upper Paraná River region, hybrid fishes are overproduced; therefore, the use of molecular techniques for their monitoring and identification is necessary. This study aimed to detect the presence of possible hybridization between Piaractus and Colossoma in the upper Paraná River using the molecular markers cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and α‐tropomyosin (TROP). Fragments from 53 fish samples were analysed, and 41 samples were considered hybrids, with 12 confirmed pure, six as Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu) and six as Piaractus brachypomus (pirapitinga). This is the first record of P. brachypomus, which is an invasive species in this basin, while Colossoma macropomum has not been observed. Molecular markers efficiently detected hybrids in the Ivinhema and Paraná rivers. The results showed a predominance of hybrid specimens from P. mesopotamicus × P. brachypomus. Our study suggests that more restrictions on hybridization and better supervision of fish farms are needed to prevent the escape of hybrids and the consequent ecological and genetic damage to native populations. We warn of the risk of a decline in the population of P. mesopotamicus, as this species is of great importance for fishing and maintaining the ecosystem.
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Activatable Photodynamic Therapy Against Colon Cancer by Tunable FRET Effect
Authors: Zhu Mengting , Huang Baoxuan , Yang Guoliang , Zhang Weian , Tian Jia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeveloping activatable photodynamic agents is becoming a promising mode for realizing selective photodynamic therapy (PDT) in cancer treatment. However, till now only a few H2S‐activatable photodynamic agents have been involved in this field. Here, we fabricated H2S‐activatable nano‐assemblies (P@TPPCY) for the treatment of colon cancer containing high concentration H2S. The H2S‐activatable photosensitizer (TPPCY) was synthesized by covalent conjugation between tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and heptamethine cyanine (Cy7), and then TPPCY was encapsulated by an amphiphilic polymer DSPE‐mPEG to form P@TPPCY nano‐assemblies. We demonstrated that the photosensitizing effect of TPP was efficiently quenched by Cy7 with strong absorption in the NIR region via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) effect. Interestingly, the FRET effect between Cy7 and TPP was attenuated by the decrease of absorption of Cy7 in the NIR region after the Cy7 reacted with H2S, and then the photosensitizing effect of TPP in P@TPPCY was activated. Strikingly, the P@TPPCY showed efficient H2S‐activatable photodynamic therapy (PDT) in vitro against HCT116 cells (human colon carcinoma cell line), thus this work provides a new method for realizing accurate treatment of colon cancer in virtue of high H2S concentration microenvironment.
Repeated conventional flushing to improve water quality in a full‐scale distribution system
Authors: Vedrin Matthew , Eisenberg Joseph N. S. , Page Sarah , Lahr Rebecca , Steglitz Brian , Hardin Rebecca , Raskin Lutgarde 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne of the primary ways utilities prevent and address water quality concerns in distribution systems is via regular hydrant flushing, yet rigorous research to evaluate the impact of full‐scale flushing programs is limited. This study employed time‐series and correlation analyses to evaluate the efficacy of a utility's five‐month repeated conventional flushing program to reduce nitrification and improve disinfectant residual concentrations in the distribution system. Short‐term water quality improvements during flushes were common across the 16 locations flushed, but lasting improvements were inconsistent as demonstrated by continued nitrification and heterogeneous water quality changes. Flushing frequencies and flow rates may need to be tailored to individual sites, even when similar water quality challenges exist. Water quality monitoring data and related analyses helped to prioritize flush sites, maximize efficiency during and between flushes, and inform decisions to implement additional interventions.
Optimierung des Trittschallschutzes von Holzbalkendecken in Gründerzeithäusern – Teil 2: Deckenaufbau und Flankenübertragung
Authors: Neusser Maximilian , Wegerer Paul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDie Forschungsarbeit behandelt den Einfluss verschiedener Parameter im Deckenaufbau wie Hohlraumbedämpfung, Estrichdicke, Trittschalldämmung, Schüttung und abgehängte Unterdecken auf den Norm‐Trittschallpegel typischer Gründerzeit‐Holzbalkendecken. Die Messungen zeigen, dass ein dickerer Estrich, eine weichere Trittschalldämmung sowie eine schwerere Schüttung den Trittschallpegel deutlich verbessern. Die Bindung der Schüttung mit Polyurethan anstatt Zement bringt eine erhebliche Verbesserung im Frequenzbereich von 100 Hz bis 500 Hz. Während die Hohlraumbedämpfung durch Mineralwolle nur begrenzt zur Reduktion des Norm‐Trittschallpegels beiträgt, liefert die Entkopplung der Schüttung auf einer elastischen Zwischenschicht signifikante Verbesserungen. Die Messungen zeigen weiters, dass die Dicke der Beplankung und der Typ der Abhänger bei Unterdecken wesentliche Auswirkungen auf die Trittschalldämmung haben. Die Untersuchungen zur Flankentrittschallübertragung verdeutlichen, dass bei der Planung höherer Anforderungsniveaus die Flankenübertragung unbedingt berücksichtigt werden muss. Besonders im Frequenzbereich zwischen 250 Hz und 800 Hz kann die Schallübertragung flankierender Bauteile eine bedeutende Rolle für die Gesamtübertragung spielen.
Investigating the Reduction of Fluoroethylene Carbonate and Vinylene Carbonate in Lithium‐Ion Cells with Silicon‐Graphite Anodes
Authors: Stockhausen Richard , Gehrlein Lydia , Bergfeldt Thomas , Hofmann Andreas , Janina Müller Freya , Maibach Julia , Hofmann Katarzyna , Gordon Ronald , Smith Anna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe electrolyte additives fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene carbonate (VC) improve the lifetime of lithium‐ion batteries with silicon‐containing anodes by their reduction yielding a more stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). However, the reductive decomposition mechanism of FEC and VC has not yet been fully clarified. For this purpose, we investigate the electrolyte decomposition in LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622)/silicon‐graphite pouch cells containing either 1 M LiPF6 in FEC:dimethyl carbonate (DMC) or 1 M LiPF6 in VC:DMC using high‐performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Based on the molar consumptions of FEC and VC, and the cumulative irreversible capacities, we show that three electrons are consumed for every reduced FEC molecule, and that one electron is consumed for every reduced VC molecule. Based on the results, reactions of the FEC reduction are proposed yielding LiF, Li2CO3, Li2C2O4, HCO2Li, and a PEO‐type polymer. Furthermore, the reaction of the VC reduction is proposed yielding lithium‐containing, polymerized VC. During formation, the capacity loss of the cells is induced by lithium trapping in LixSiy/LixSiOy under the SEI and by lithium trapping in the SEI. During subsequent cycling, only lithium trapping in the SEI triggers the capacity loss.
Screening immunomodulatory Q‐markers in Astragali Radix based on UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS analysis and spectrum–effect relationship
Authors: Chen Qin , Chen Ping , Bi Chunmei , Shen Xue , Guo Lirong , Jiang Yihan , Liu Yanan , Wu Yangyang , Li Yimeng , Wu Zhengrong , Zhu Xujiang , Song Pingshun , Yang Pingrong , Zhang Yawen , Yang Zhigang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAstragali Radix (AR) is one of the famous traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) for boosting immunity, whereas the quality markers (Q‐markers) of AR have not been clearly researched. The immunomodulatory activities of the bioactive extractions and components were evaluated by NO inhibition rate; phagocytic index; IL‐10, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 cytokines in RAW264.7 cells; and the relative proliferation rate of spleen cells. The total saponins (TS) and the grade 2 (Xiaoxuan, XX) of AR showed the strongest immunomodulatory activities. At the concentration of 40 μg/mL, the TS increased spleen cells proliferation by 48.0% and upregulated the level of IL‐1β and IL‐6. Cytokines in the XX‐treated group were at least 1.6 times higher than the control group. A total of 190 common peaks were detected in AR by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS). The multivariate statistical analyses revealed that 41 compounds were positively correlated with immune responses, and bioactive compounds were verified by using RAW264.7 cell assay. Subsequently, the contents of six compounds in different commercial grades were determined, and the results showed the same trend in contents and activities. Finally, calycosin‐7‐O‐β‐D‐glucoside, astragaloside IV, astragaloside II, astragaloside I, isomucronulatol‐7‐O‐glucoside, and 9,10‐dimethoxypterocarpan‐3‐O‐glucoside were screened out as immunomodulatory Q‐markers of AR.
Major overseas customers and corporate decoupling of environmental responsibility: Evidence from China
Authors: Chen Huangyue , Zhao Yang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, we examine firms' decoupling of how they communicate about environmental responsibility and what they actually do in terms of environmental responsibility. We argue that this decoupling is driven by their trade relations with major overseas customers. Specifically, we propose that major overseas customers increase the likelihood of corporate environmental decoupling. We test our argument in a sample of Chinese industrial firms for the period 2007–2012. We find that the higher the proportion of sales to major overseas customers, the more likely supplier firms are to decouple environmental responsibility, that is, to obtain ISO 14001 environmental management system certification but not significantly reduce their pollution emissions. Heterogeneity analyses show that the impact of major overseas customers is more significant when these customers are larger, when the customers are located in Western developed countries, when the economic relationship between supplier firms and major overseas customers is more important to supplier firms, when supplier firms are more short‐sighted, and when supplier firms are in more competitive product markets. Our findings advance research on corporate environmental management and on corporate major customers by providing large‐scale empirical evidence of the drivers of the decoupling of corporate environmental responsibility and the impact of major customers on corporate environmental behavior.