bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated 3D whole-heart non-contrast-enhanced mDIXON coronary MR angiography using deep learning-constrained compressed sensing reconstruction
Authors: Wu Xi , Yue Xun , Peng Pengfei , Tan Xianzheng , Huang Feng , Cai Lei , Li Lei , He Shuai , Zhang Xiaoyong , Liu Peng , Sun Jiayu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the feasibility of a deep learning-constrained compressed sensing (DL-CS) method in non-contrast-enhanced modified DIXON (mDIXON) coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and compare its diagnostic accuracy using coronary CT angiography (CCTA) as a reference standard.

Methods
Ninety-nine participants were prospectively recruited for this study. Thirty healthy subjects (age range: 20–65 years; 50% female) underwent three non-contrast mDIXON-based coronary MRA sequences including DL-CS, CS, and conventional sequences. The three groups were compared based on the scan time, subjective image quality score, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). The remaining 69 patients suspected of coronary artery disease (CAD) (age range: 39–83 years; 51% female) underwent the DL-CS coronary MRA and its diagnostic performance was compared with that of CCTA.

Results
The scan time for the DL-CS and CS sequences was notably shorter than that of the conventional sequence (9.6 ± 3.1 min vs 10.0 ± 3.4 min vs 13.0 ± 4.9 min; p < 0.001). The DL-CS sequence obtained the highest image quality score, mean SNR, and CNR compared to CS and conventional methods (all p < 0.001). Compared to CCTA, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of DL-CS mDIXON coronary MRA per patient were 84.1%, 92.0%, and 79.5%; those per vessel were 90.3%, 82.6%, and 92.5%; and those per segment were 98.0%, 85.1%, and 98.0%, respectively.

Conclusion
The DL-CS mDIXON coronary MRA provided superior image quality and short scan time for visualizing coronary arteries in healthy individuals and demonstrated high diagnostic value compared to CCTA in CAD patients.

Critical relevance statement
DL-CS resulted in improved image quality with an acceptable scan time, and demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance compared to CCTA, which could be an alternative to enhance the workflow of coronary MRA.

Key Points

Current coronary MRA techniques are limited by scan time and the need for noise reduction.

DL-CS reduced the scan time in coronary MR angiography.

Deep learning achieved the highest image quality among the three methods.

Deep learning-based coronary MR angiography demonstrated high performance compared to CT angiography.

Graphical Abstract
Vector competence of Culex quinquefasciatus for Tembusu virus and viral factors for virus transmission by mosquitoes
Authors: Tang Yibin , He Yu , Wang Xiaoli , Wu Zhen , Du Senyan , Wang Mingshu , Jia Renyong , Zhu Dekang , Liu Mafeng , Zhao Xinxin , Yang Qiao , Wu Ying , Zhang Shaqiu , Huang Juan , Ou Xumin , Sun Di , Cheng Anchun , Chen Shun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe ongoing epidemic of flaviviruses worldwide has underscored the importance of studying flavivirus vector competence, considering their close association with mosquito vectors. Tembusu virus is an avian-related mosquito-borne flavivirus that has been an epidemic in China and Southeast Asia since 2010. However, the reason for the outbreak of Tembusu virus in 2010 remains unclear, and it is unknown whether changes in vector transmission played an essential role in this process. To address these questions, we conducted a study using Culex quinquefasciatus as a model for Tembusu virus infection, employing both oral infection and microinjection methods. Our findings confirmed that both vertical and venereal transmission collectively contribute to the cycle of Tembusu virus within the mosquito population, with persistent infections observed. Importantly, our data revealed that the prototypical Tembusu virus MM_1775 strain exhibited significantly greater infectivity and transmission rates in mosquitoes than did the duck Tembusu virus (CQW1 strain). Furthermore, we revealed that the viral E protein and 3′ untranslated region are key elements responsible for these differences. In conclusion, our study sheds light on mosquito transmission of Tembusu virus and provides valuable insights into the factors influencing its infectivity and transmission rates. These findings contribute to a better understanding of Tembusu virus epidemiology and can potentially aid in the development of strategies to control its spread.
Organ crosstalk and dysfunction in sepsis
Authors: Borges André , Bento Luís 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSepsis is a dysregulated immune response to an infection that leads to organ dysfunction. Sepsis-associated organ dysfunction involves multiple inflammatory mechanisms and complex metabolic reprogramming of cellular function. These mechanisms cooperate through multiple organs and systems according to a complex set of long-distance communications mediated by cellular pathways, solutes, and neurohormonal actions. In sepsis, the concept of organ crosstalk involves the dysregulation of one system, which triggers compensatory mechanisms in other systems that can induce further damage. Despite the abundance of studies published on ​​organ crosstalk in the last decade, there is a need to formulate a more comprehensive framework involving all organs to create a more detailed picture of sepsis. In this paper, we review the literature published on organ crosstalk in the last 10 years and explore how these relationships affect the progression of organ failure in patients with septic shock. We explored these relationships in terms of the heart–kidney–lung, gut-microbiome–liver–brain, and adipose tissue–muscle–bone crosstalk in sepsis patients. A deep connection exists among these organs based on crosstalk. We also review how multiple therapeutic interventions administered in intensive care units, such as mechanical ventilation, antibiotics, anesthesia, nutrition, and proton pump inhibitors, affect these systems and must be carefully considered when managing septic patients. The progression to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in sepsis patients is still one of the most frequent causes of death in critically ill patients. A better understanding and monitoring of the mechanics of organ crosstalk will enable the anticipation of organ damage and the development of individualized therapeutic strategies.
The Behavior of Post-installed Rebar Connectors in Steel Frame Retrofitted Concrete Structures Under Combined Shear and Tension
Authors: Zeng Rong , Bao En-He , Yin Xia , Fu Feng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo investigate the response of post-installed rebar connectors in steel frame retrofitted concrete structures under combined shear and tension, seven shear-and-tensile tests were conducted. The bearing capacity, stiffness, and hysteresis behavior of the connectors were investigated during the tests. Both Monotonic and cyclic load regimes were applied in the loading process. The results show that with the increase of the loading angle, the deformation capacity, the yield force, ultimate tensile force, and tensile stiffness of the specimen decrease, while the maximum shear force and shear stiffness of the specimen increase. The bearing capacity, stiffness, and energy dissipation performance of the specimen under a monotonic load is greater than that under the coupled shear-and-pull load. The bearing capacity, stiffness, hysteresis curve, and failure status of the specimens are not affected by different loading regimes. At the end, the design formula of anchor bolt for this type of connectors from the design code of China, United States, and Japan were compared. Formulas to calculate the shear strength under combined shear and tension is developed.
Study on the restoration of glass slides dating back to the 1940s
Authors: Ruan Yuyao , Li Yanli , Yang Fei , Chen Yanru , Liu Panpan , Ge Mantang , Han Kezhu , Li Yuhu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Museum of Sun Yat-sen University houses a collection of antique glass slides dating back to the 1940s. These historical artifacts not only serve as a record of the past but also bring history to life. During extended storage, the emulsion layer on glass slides may harden and become brittle, leading to cracking and buckling. This study suggests a method to enhance the physical property of the emulsion layer by using a combination of nonionic surfactant isomeric alcohol ethoxylates eight (TO-8) and waterborne epoxy resin (WER). We investigated the microscopic action mechanism of the two on the emulsion layer of glass slides using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water contact angles, and other techniques. Our study revealed that TO-8 can significantly eliminate the spherulitic crystal structure of the emulsion layer, as well as improve its softness and hydrophilicity. The addition of the WER ensures that the cracking and warping of the emulsion layer film is fully corrected, resulting in a flat surface. Additionally, the size of the emulsion layer film remains stable even after wetting. The WER has minimal impact on the image information of glass slides. The emulsion layer of the glass slides, restored using the softening protection solutions developed in this study, showed almost full recovery of image information. This research holds significant theoretical and practical value for repairing cracked and warped emulsion layers on glass slides.
Performance analysis of indicators in teaching hospitals after the Health Transformation Plan: a Case Study in Iran
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Bahman , Amerzadeh Mohammad , Shahsavari Saeed , Moosavi Saeideh , Keshavarz Abdollah , Maleki Aisa , Kalhor Rohollah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to examine the status of performance indicators in hospitals affiliated with Qazvin University of Medical Sciences (QUMS) before and after the implementation of the Health Transformation Plan (HTP).

Methods
This longitudinal descriptive-analytical study was conducted utilizing hospital data. The study collected data using a checklist that included both general characteristics of the participating hospitals and performance indicators such as “the number of outpatient visits,” “the number of paraclinical patients,” “the number of surgeries,” and “the number of inpatients” on a monthly basis for 2012–2019. The intervention examined in this study was the implementation of the HTP in May 2014. The data collected was analyzed using interrupted time series and STATA statistical software version 15.

Results
The study examined seven hospitals affiliated with QUMS, including general, trauma, pediatric, gynecology, and psychiatry hospitals. The findings indicated a significant increase in outpatient visits, paraclinical patients, and inpatients in the first month after the intervention. Specifically, there was an increase of 1739 in the number of outpatient visits, an increase of 513 in the number of paraclinical patients, and an increase of 135 in the number of inpatients (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The HTP has improved patients’ access to medical services. It achieved this by reducing out-of-pocket payments for healthcare services and implementing programs such as developing clinics, improving the quality of visits, and retaining doctors in deprived areas. The reduction in out-of-pocket payments has been particularly beneficial for individuals who lack financial resources and previously faced barriers to accessing healthcare services.
The impact of sense of loneliness on geriatric depression: the mediating role of sense of mattering and psychological adjustment
Authors: Aman Haya Khaled 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Depression is a highly prevalent mental disorder in older adults, and among its highest risk factors is loneliness. Although this relationship is commonly evident, the mechanisms underlying it, such as sense of mattering and psychological adjustment, lack exploration. The current research aims to examine the relationship between loneliness and geriatric depression and explore the mediating roles of sense of mattering and psychological adjustment.

Methods
A sample of 200 older adults (63.5% females; mean age = 75.6; SD = 8.806) were recruited from 24 geriatric homes in Cairo, Egypt. Participants responded to the Arabic versions of the Mini-Mental State Examination for excluding the severely demented, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness Scale-version 3, General Mattering Scale, and Brief Adjustment Scale-6. The mediation analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with Hayes’ process macro on SPSS26 and structural equation modeling on JASP0.18.1.0.

Results
Sense of mattering and psychological adjustment showed a significant total effect (β = .051, 95%CI [.045, .056], z = 18.436, p < .001) separated into a significant direct effect (β = .019, 95%CI [.009, .029], z = 3.784, p < .001) and a significant indirect effect (β = .031, 95%CI [.022, .041], z = 6.478, p < .001), indicating simultaneous partial mediation by the two variables. Additionally, sense of mattering accounts for 76% of the impact of loneliness on geriatric depression, and psychological adjustment accounts for 60.1%.

Conclusion
Loneliness significantly impacts geriatric depression through a sense of mattering and psychological adjustment. These findings implicate substantial insight for interventions that can be targeted at the reduction of geriatric depression through reducing loneliness feelings and enhancing sense of mattering and adjustment.
27-Hydroxycholesterol Enhances Secretion of Extracellular Vesicles by ROS-Induced Dysregulation of Lysosomes
Authors: Das Gupta Anasuya , Park Jaena , Sorrells Janet E , Kim Hannah , Krawczynska Natalia , Pradeep Dhanya , Wang Yu , Vidana Gamage Hashni Epa , Nelczyk Adam T , Boppart Stephen A , Boppart Marni D , Nelson Erik R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as crucial mediators of cell-to-cell communication in normal physiology as well as in diseased states; they have been largely studied in regard to their role in cancer progression. However, the mechanisms by which their biogenesis and secretion are regulated by metabolic or endocrine factors remain unknown. Here, we delineate a mechanism by which EV secretion is regulated by a cholesterol metabolite, 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), where treatment of myeloid immune cells (RAW 264.7 and J774A.1) with 27HC impairs lysosomal homeostasis, leading to shunting of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) away from lysosomal degradation, toward secretion as EVs. This altered lysosomal function is likely caused by mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interestingly, cotreatment with a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant rescued the lysosomal impairment and attenuated the 27HC-mediated increase in EV secretion. Overall, our findings establish how a cholesterol metabolite regulates EV secretion and paves the way for the development of strategies to regulate cancer progression by controlling EV secretion.
Principles and regulation of mechanosensing
Authors: Sala Stefano , Caillier Alexia , Oakes Patrick W. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Research over the past two decades has highlighted that mechanical signaling is a crucial component in regulating biological processes. Although many processes and proteins are termed ‘mechanosensitive’, the underlying mechanisms involved in mechanosensing can vary greatly. Recent studies have also identified mechanosensing behaviors that can be regulated independently of applied force. This important finding has major implications for our understanding of downstream mechanotransduction, the process by which mechanical signals are converted into biochemical signals, as it offers another layer of biochemical regulatory control for these crucial signaling pathways. In this Review, we discuss the different molecular and cellular mechanisms of mechanosensing, how these processes are regulated and their effects on downstream mechanotransduction. Together, these discussions provide an important perspective on how cells and tissues control the ways in which they sense and interpret mechanical signals.
The functional role of the rabbit digastric muscle during mastication
Authors: Kissane Roger W. P. , Bates Karl T. , Fagan Michael J. , Wang Linjie , Watson Peter J. , Askew Graham N. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Muscle spindle abundance is highly variable in vertebrates, but the functional determinants of this variation are unclear. Recent work has shown that human leg muscles with the lowest abundance of muscle spindles primarily function to lengthen and absorb energy, while muscles with a greater spindle abundance perform active-stretch–shorten cycles with no net work, suggesting that muscle spindle abundance may be underpinned by muscle function. Compared with other mammalian muscles, the digastric muscle contains the lowest abundance of muscle spindles and, therefore, might be expected to generate substantial negative work. However, it is widely hypothesised that as a jaw-opener (anatomically) the digastric muscle would primarily function to depress the jaw, and consequently do positive work. Through a combination of X-ray reconstruction of moving morphology (XROMM), electromyography and fluoromicrometry, we characterised the 3D kinematics of the jaw and digastric muscle during feeding in rabbits. Subsequently, the work loop technique was used to simulate in vivo muscle behaviour in situ, enabling muscle force to be quantified in relation to muscle strain and hence determine the muscle's function during mastication. When functioning on either the working or balancing side, the digastric muscle generates a large amount of positive work during jaw opening, and a large amount of negative work during jaw closing, on average producing a relatively small amount of net negative work. Our data therefore further support the hypothesis that muscle spindle abundance is linked to muscle function; specifically, muscles that absorb a relatively large amount of negative work have a low spindle abundance.
Validity of Wrist-Worn Activity Tracker Heart Rate Detection in Fontan Patients during Exercise
Authors: PIERICK ALYSON R. , BURKE KELLY J. , PRUSI MEGAN , LARGENT BETHANY , YU SUNKYUNG , LOWERY RAY E. , DUIMSTRA ASHLEY , HANSEN JESSE E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Physical activity and a healthy lifestyle play an essential role in optimizing long-term health in patients with Fontan physiology. Wrist-worn activity trackers may be useful in medically directed exercise programs for patients with Fontan physiology. The objective of this study was to measure the validity of Garmin and Fitbit activity tracker heart rate detection in patients with Fontan circulation when compared with electrocardiogram during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET).

Methods
Forty-seven Fontan patients undergoing CPET for clinical indications were included and wore activity trackers during CPET. Heart rate via the activity tracker was collected at baseline, maximal exercise, and recovery. Patient heart rates, peak V̇O2, and peak respiratory exchange ratio were collected using standard CPET protocols and equipment. Heart rate at each time point was compared between the activity trackers and CPET electrocardiogram.

Results
Median age of participants was 17.1 yr, 15.1 yr since Fontan completion. Mean percentage of predicted peak V̇O2 was 56.8%, with a z-score of −3.2, and 61.7% of participants completing a maximal CPET. Baseline mean oxygen saturation was 92.9% and 90.0% at maximal exercise. Activity trackers demonstrated mean absolute percentage error <10% at most time points, comparable with other studies. Demographics, Fontan-associated comorbidities, and echocardiogram findings did not impact the accuracy.

Conclusions
Consumer-oriented wrist-worn activity trackers show promising accuracy for heart rate monitoring in medically directed exercise programs for adolescents and young adults with Fontan physiology. Further validation across different exercise modalities is needed.
The Impact of the Opportunity Zone Program on Residential Real Estate
Authors: Bekkerman Ron , Cohen Maxime C. , Liu Xiaoyan , Maiden John , Mitrofanov Dmitry 
Published: September 2024

Problem definition: Opportunity zones (OZs) are designated census tracts in which real estate investments can gain tax benefits. Introduced by the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, the goal of the OZ program is to foster economic development in distressed neighborhoods. In this paper, we investigate and optimize the OZ selection process and examine the impact of OZs by exploiting two data sets: a proprietary real estate data set that includes 36.1 million residential transactions spanning all 50 U.S. states and census-tract demographics data between 2010 and 2019. Methodology/results: We show that census tracts with higher poverty and unemployment rates were more likely to be selected. Counterintuitively, however, tracts with a higher average real estate price were also more likely to be selected. We then apply difference-in-differences, synthetic control, and matching techniques to rigorously assess the impact of the OZ program on two key real estate metrics: price and transaction volume. We find that the OZ program increased real estate prices by 4.03%–6.13% but do not observe a significant effect on the transaction volume. We also find that investors primarily targeted the high-end real estate market, namely, exhibiting a cherry-picking behavior. To better fulfill its intended societal and economic goals, we propose an optimization framework with fairness considerations for OZ assignment decisions. We show that the OZs assigned from our fairness-aware optimization formulation can better serve distressed communities and mitigate investors’ cherry-picking behavior. Managerial implications: Our paper underscores the importance of incorporating fairness in OZ designation to achieve a desirable real estate market reaction. Our large-scale empirical analysis provides a comprehensive assessment of the current government OZ assignment, and our fairness-aware optimization framework provides concrete recommendations for policy makers. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2024.0746 .