bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Médiations alimentaires et écologie de l’attention à l’Exposition universelle de Milan, 2015
Authors: Tran Van Troi 
Published: October 2017

Dans le cadre de l’exposition universelle de Milan de 2015 dont le thème était « Nourrir la planète, énergie pour la vie », plusieurs pays, organisations non gouvernementales et entreprises ont profité de l’occasion pour mettre en valeur leurs produits, leurs spécialités, leurs cultures gastronomiques et leurs initiatives en développement durable. Cet article explore comment le contexte de l’exposition universelle, en tant qu’événement international, affecte les modes de valorisation des patrimoines et des cultures alimentaires, dans une situation de concurrence pour l’attention d’un public massif. Ainsi, paradoxalement, autant les promoteurs du Slow Food devaient accélérer leurs services pour répondre aux besoins de la clientèle, les entreprises de « fast food » devaient, à l’occasion de l’Exposition, mettre de l’avant les atouts qualitatifs de leurs produits plutôt que l’efficacité. L’article examine donc plus généralement quels peuvent être les effets d’une mondialisation intensive sur les pratiques de médiation alimentaire pour un public submergé d’informations.
De l’esthétique à la prothétique, et inversement
Authors: Graburn Nelson H.H. 
Published: October 2017

Cet article examine l’ethno-esthétique complexe des sculptures commerciales des Inuit canadiens de la fin du XXe siècle. Il suggère que cette ethno-esthétique est performative dans le sens où les Inuit jugent leurs oeuvres d’art non par leur forme visuelle ultime, mais en fonction de critères de proximité instaurés par les artistes masculins locaux ayant le plus de succès, par la nature du matériau lithique disponible sur place (et les outils utilisés) et par le statut et l’aptitude de l’artiste (selon son âge, son sexe, son expérience, son état de santé). À la suite d’Alfred Gell et Marily Strathern, nous sommes d’avis que l’art a une finalité, à savoir exercer son agentivité (son influence) sur le public qui, pour les Inuit, est avant tout le groupe local des autres (artistes) Inuit. Mais ces oeuvres sont destinées à la vente, aussi doivent-elles (aussi) influencer lesqallunaat(les Blancs susceptibles de les acheter). Certains Inuit enfreignent leurs propres valeurs ethno-esthétiques pour produire des oeuvres ayant l’air « primitif », c’est-à-dire de facture grossière et de formes enfantines, ou bien soulignent la « spiritualité » (le chamanisme) ou les transformations de l’homme en animal (animisme) pour séduire le « marché blanc » en convoquant les propres fantasmes de celui-ci au sujet du primitif en voie de disparition.
Tourisme et patrimoine dans la ville de Malacca, Malaisie
Authors: Graezer Bideau Florence , Kilani Mondher 
Published: October 2017

Dans cet article, les auteurs se penchent sur le lien entre tourisme et patrimoine dans la ville de Malacca, capitale de l’État du même nom de la fédération de Malaisie. En 2008, cette ville a été conjointement inscrite avec celle de George Town, la capitale de l’État de Penang, sur la liste du patrimoine mondial de l’Unesco. Leur réflexion s’inscrit dans une recherche plus large incluant les deux sites et portant sur la gestion de la diversité multiculturelle dans deux contextes sociologiques différents, tant sur le plan démographique et religieux que politique. Cet article est plus précisément consacré à la ville de Malacca, qui reçoit environ 15 millions de touristes dont une large majorité est composée de nationaux et de citoyens provenant de Chine et d’Asie du Sud-Est. L’essentiel de son argument est de montrer comment Malacca, en faisant la promotion d’un tourisme de masse orienté vers la promotion d’une identité essentiellement malaise, marginalise quelque peu la dimension du patrimoine immatériel qui est pourtant mise en avant dans le dossier de nomination destiné à sa candidature pour le patrimoine mondial, et qui se fonde notamment sur la coexistence harmonieuse des principales communautés malaise, chinoise et indienne composant la population. Cette situation produit plusieurs paradoxes que cet article tente d’expliciter en se basant sur une observation directe ainsi que sur l’analyse des politiques et des directives présidant à la mise en valeur touristique de la ville.
The cultural legacy of the frontier lands of Vinalopó (Alicante, Spain) and their tourist use – impossible mission?
Authors: Martínez Puche Antonio , Martínez Puche Salvador 
Published: October 2017

“Frontier tourism” or tourisme de partage is a genuine typology of tourism which has these four features: space (geographic), time (historic), experience (motivations and behaviours) and sharing cultural heritage (material or immaterial). The border lands of Alto Vinalopó (Alicante-Spain) have a paradoxical and dual element in the sense that they operate as a territory with common customs and traditions which share many similarities with other territories, but at the same time they show a number of contrasts and peculiarities.
Reorganized now as potential tourist attractions, these deep-rooted ethnographic displays are becoming consumable products, which are struggling to find a differential position in the leisure business.
This article is aimed at illustrating this process, analysing its sociocultural, economic and promotional variables by considering a particular event: the Moors and Christians festival in Villena. These ancient celebrations convey their own values and signs of identity which have also served to stimulate and diversify the local economy. Besides, after being officially declared in 2015 a national tourist attraction, with the “4th September, All Mad” campaign, this festival has generated challenges, uncertainties and opportunities for tourist development which will demand the right creative strategies and economic management to succeed.
De Bellefeuille sous la plume de D. G. Jones
Authors: Godbout Patricia 
Published: October 2017

La traduction, par D. G. Jones, du recueil de poèmesCatégoriques un deux et trois(1986) de Normand de Bellefeuille est examinée ici à la lumière des réflexions que livre notamment Arno Renken sur le rejet traditionnel de la traduction au nom de sa non-identité avec le texte original. Plusieurs choix de traduction faits par D. G. Jones dansCategorics one two & three(1992) sont étudiés afin de voir les effets combinés que ces diverses transpositions produisent sur la lecture du recueil en langue anglaise.
Stochastic Modeling of Sediment Connectivity for Reconstructing Sand Fluxes and Origins in the Unmonitored Se Kong, Se San, and Sre Pok Tributaries of the Mekong River
Authors: Schmitt R. J. P. , Bizzi S. , Castelletti A. F. , Kondolf G. M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSediment supply to rivers, subsequent fluvial transport, and the resulting sediment connectivity on network scales are often sparsely monitored and subject to major uncertainty. We propose to approach that uncertainty by adopting a stochastic method for modeling network sediment connectivity, which we present for the Se Kong, Se San, and Sre Pok (3S) tributaries of the Mekong. We quantify how unknown properties of sand sources translate into uncertainty regarding network connectivity by running the CASCADE (CAtchment Sediment Connectivity And DElivery) modeling framework in a Monte Carlo approach for 7,500 random realizations. Only a small ensemble of realizations reproduces downstream observations of sand transport. This ensemble presents an inverse stochastic approximation of the magnitude and variability of transport capacity, sediment flux, and grain size distribution of the sediment transported in the network (i.e., upscaling point observations to the entire network). The approximated magnitude of sand delivered from each tributary to the Mekong is controlled by reaches of low transport capacity (“bottlenecks”). These bottlenecks limit the ability to predict transport in the upper parts of the catchment through inverse stochastic approximation, a limitation that could be addressed by targeted monitoring upstream of identified bottlenecks. Nonetheless, bottlenecks also allow a clear partitioning of natural sand deliveries from the 3S to the Mekong, with the Se Kong delivering less (1.9 Mt/yr) and coarser (median grain size: 0.4 mm) sand than the Se San (5.3 Mt/yr, 0.22 mm) and Sre Pok (11 Mt/yr, 0.19 mm).
The Effect of a Guide Field on Local Energy Conversion During Asymmetric Magnetic Reconnection: Particle‐in‐Cell Simulations
Authors: Cassak P. A , Genestreti K. J. , Burch J. L , Phan T.‐D. , Shay M. A. , Swisdak M. , Drake J. F. , Price L. , Eriksson S. , Ergun R. E , Anderson B. J. , Merkin V. G. , Komar C. M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe use theory and simulations to study how the out‐of‐plane (guide) magnetic field strength modifies the location where the energy conversion rate between the electric field and the plasma is appreciable during asymmetric magnetic reconnection, motivated by observations (Genestreti et al., 2017). For weak guide fields, energy conversion is maximum on the magnetospheric side of the X line, midway between the X line and electron stagnation point. As the guide field increases, the electron stagnation point gets closer to the X line, and energy conversion occurs closer to the electron stagnation point. We motivate one possible nonrigorous approach to extend the theory of the stagnation point location to include a guide field. The predictions are compared to two‐dimensional particle‐in‐cell (PIC) simulations with vastly different guide fields. The simulations have upstream parameters corresponding to three events observed with Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS). The predictions agree reasonably well with the simulation results, capturing trends with the guide field. The theory correctly predicts that the X line and stagnation points approach each other as the guide field increases. The results are compared to MMS observations, Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment (AMPERE) observations of each event, and a global resistive‐magnetohydrodynamics simulation of the 16 October 2015 event. The PIC simulation results agree well with the global observations and simulation but differ in the strong electric fields and energy conversion rates found in MMS observations. The observational, theoretical, and numerical results suggest that the strong electric fields observed by MMS do not represent a steady global reconnection rate.
Piecemeal Rupture of the Mentawai Patch, Sumatra: The 2008 Mw 7.2 North Pagai Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Salman Rino , Hill Emma M. , Feng Lujia , Lindsey Eric O. , Mele Veedu Deepa , Barbot Sylvain , Banerjee Paramesh , Hermawan Iwan , Natawidjaja Danny H. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe 25 February 2008 Mw 7.2 North Pagai earthquake partially ruptured the middle section of the Mentawai patch of the Sunda megathrust, offshore Sumatra. The patch has been forecast to generate a great earthquake in the next few decades. However, in the current cycle the patch has so far broken in a sequence of partial ruptures, one of which was the 2008 event, illustrating the potential of the patch to generate a spectrum of earthquake sizes. We estimate the coseismic slip distribution of the 2008 event by jointly inverting coseismic offsets from GPS and interferometric synthetic aperture radar. We then estimate afterslip with 5.6 years of cumulative GPS displacements. Our results suggest that the estimated afterslip partially overlaps the coseismic rupture. The overlap of coseismic rupture and afterslip can be explained conceptually by a simple rate‐and‐state model where the degree of overlapping is controlled by the dynamic weakening and the critical nucleation size in the velocity‐weakening area. Comparing our rate‐and‐state model results with our geodetic inversion results, we suggest that the part of the coseismic rupture that does not overlap with the afterslip may represent a velocity‐weakening region, while the overlapping part may represent a velocity‐strengthening region.
Microseismicity in Southern South Island, New Zealand: Implications for the Mechanism of Crustal Deformation Adjacent to a Major Continental Transform
Authors: Warren‐Smith Emily , Lamb Simon , Stern Tim A. , Smith Euan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractShallow (<25 km), diffuse crustal seismicity occurs in a zone up to 150 km wide adjacent to the southern Alpine Fault, New Zealand, as a consequence of distributed shear and thickening in the obliquely convergent Australian‐Pacific plate boundary zone. It has recently been proposed that continental convergence here is accommodated by oblique slip on a low‐angle detachment that underlies the region, and as such, forms a previously unrecognized mode of oblique continental convergence. We test this model using microseismicity, presenting a new, 15 month high‐resolution microearthquake catalog for the Southern Lakes and northern Fiordland regions adjacent to the Alpine Fault. We determine the spatial distribution, moment release, and style of microearthquakes and show that seismicity in the continental lithosphere is predominantly shallower than ~20 km, in a zone up to 150 km wide, but less frequent deeper microseismicity extending into the mantle, at depths of up to 100 km is also observed. The geometry of the subducted oceanic Australian plate is well imaged, with a well‐defined Benioff zone to depths of ~150 km. In detail, the depth of continental microseismicity shows considerable variation, with no clear link with major active surface faults, but rather represents diffuse cracking in response to the ambient stress release. The moment release rate is ~0.1% of that required to accommodate relative plate convergence, and the azimuth of the principal horizontal axis of contraction accommodated by microseismicity is 120°, 15–20° clockwise of the horizontal axis of contractional strain rate observed geodetically. Thus, short‐term microseismicity, independent of knowledge of intermittent large‐magnitude earthquakes, may not be a good guide to the rate and orientation of long‐term deformation but is an indicator of the instantaneous state of stress and potential distribution of finite deformation. We show that both the horizontal and vertical spatial distribution of microseismicity can be explained in terms of a low‐angle detachment model.
Discrepancies in the Climatology and Trends of Cloud Cover in Global and Regional Climate Models for the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Enriquez‐Alonso Aaron , Calbó Josep , Sanchez‐Lorenzo Arturo , Tan Elcin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe present study aims at comparing total cloud cover (TCC) as simulated by regional climate models (RCM) from CORDEX project with the same variable as simulated by the driving global climate models (GCM), which are part of the fifth phase of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project ensemble. The comparison is performed for the Mediterranean region, and for the 1971–2005 period, when results from the “historical” scenario can also be compared with two data sets of ground‐based cloud observations. We work with 14 modeling results (resolution, 0.11° × 0.11°), which are a combination of five GCMs and five RCMs. In general, RCMs improve only very slightly the climatic estimation of TCC when compared with observations. Indeed, not all RCMs behave the same, and some indicators (monthly evolution of the relative bias) show an enhancement, while other indices (overall mean bias and annual range difference) improve only very slightly with respect to GCMs. Changes in the estimate of TCC in summer might be the most relevant value added by RCMs, as these should describe in a more proper way several mesoscale processes, which play a more relevant role in summer. Noticeably, RCMs are unable to capture the observed decadal trend in TCC. Thus, TCC simulated by RCMs is almost stable, in contradiction with observations and GCMs, which both show statistically significant decreasing trends in the Mediterranean area. This result is somewhat unsatisfactory, as if RCMs cannot reproduce past trends in TCC, their skill in projecting TCC into the future may be questioned.
Simultaneous Confidence Intervals and Regions
Authors: Chen Tuhao , Hoppe Fred M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSimultaneous confidence intervals constitute a confidence region for a vector of parameters, comprising individual intervals for the separate components, with a coverage confidence level of the simultaneous correctness of all the statements involved. The approach is delineated for multiple comparisons of treatment means with the methods of Bonferroni, Duncan, Scheffé, and Tukey, as specific examples. The applications of simultaneous confidence intervals to the inference of a therapeutic window or the reliability of composite systems necessitate the elucidation of multiple sets of simultaneous confidence intervals. Studies related to condensing infinite sets of simultaneous confidence intervals trigger a discussion on simultaneous confidence bands. Integrating the intrinsic information on the patterns or trends governing a set of simultaneous confidence intervals for the mean responses results in the methodology of range regression.
Neuropsychology
Authors: Suchy Yana 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Neuropsychology is a scientific and clinical discipline that is concerned with understanding the brain–behavior relationships and the application of this understanding to assessment of patients with brain dysfunction. This article surveys statistical applications of both the scientific and the clinical aspects of neuropsychology, including
t
‐tests; univariate, factorial, and repeated measures analysis of variance; analysis of covariance; correlational analyses; meta‐analysis; factor analysis; multiple regression; logistic regression; hierarchical linear regression; discriminant function analysis; and the receiver operating characteristic curve. Different statistical methods have the ability to contribute to different circumscribed components of clinical neuropsychology practice.
Nonparametric Bayes
Authors: Dunson David B. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Bayesian statistical methods consist of three key components: (i) a prior distribution characterizing uncertainty in parameters before observing current data; (ii) a likelihood function for the current data; and (iii) a loss function characterizing the price to be paid for errors in estimation, prediction, or decision‐making. Using Bayes' rule, the prior distribution is updated to include information in the likelihood function to obtain a posterior distribution quantifying uncertainty about the parameters. Parametric Bayesian models typically involve finitely many unknown parameters and require strong modeling assumptions. For example, one may assume that a response variable is normally distributed about a mean, which varies linearly with predictor variables. The posterior distribution, and associated predictions and decisions, will then be critically dependent on the accuracy of these modeling assumptions. Nonparametric Bayes (npB) methods seek to remove this limitation by defining more flexible models that can approximate any “true” data‐generating model in a large class. For example, instead of assuming that data are normally distributed, one may place a prior on the unknown density of the data. For this prior to be “nonparametric,” it must satisfy a large support property – meaning that the prior has positive probability of generating a density in an arbitrarily small neighborhood of any density in a large class. This article provides a brief overview of the npB philosophy, describing some basic details of canonical models, including Gaussian processes and Dirichlet process mixtures.
Inferential Models
Authors: Martin Ryan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFisher's fiducial argument was intended to solve arguably the most fundamental problem in statistics, namely, probabilistic inference on unknown parameters without a prior distribution or Bayes's theorem. Despite Fisher's ingenuity, fiducial inference has, for various reasons, been largely dismissed by the mainstream of statistics, so the problem remains an open one. This article surveys a recently proposed alternative to Fisher's theory, calledinferential models(IMs), with the same goal of providing prior‐free probabilistic inference. Similar to fiducial, the IM approach starts by connecting the data and unknown parameters to an unobservable auxiliary variable defined through a particular representation of the sampling model. The IM's chief novelty is the introduction of a random set for predicting the unobserved value of that auxiliary variable. This makes the IM output a belief function, rather than a probability, but an appropriate choice of the random set guarantees that this output is valid which, among other things, implies that interval estimates derived from the IM have provable bounds on the frequentist error rate.
Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Lizotte Daniel J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractReinforcement learning(RL) refers to a collection of algorithms for analyzing and solving optimal sequential decision‐making problems. “Reinforcement” signifies that these algorithms assume that decisions (referred to asactions) are “rewarded” quantitatively according to their benefit, with the intent of reinforcing useful behavior. The reward accrued by taking a sequence of actions over time is ultimately used to measure the quality of decision‐making. “Learning” signifies that these algorithms most often assume that the effects of actions are not knowna prioriand thus must be “learned from experience,” which is to say estimated from data. The aim of this article is to review fundamental RL algorithms, as well as the most significant challenges to their wider application. Connections are made between different fields of study, and references are provided for both the novice and the advanced reader.
Surrogate Endpoints and Causal Methods
Authors: Abad Ariel A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The increasing cost of drug development has raised the demand for the use of surrogate endpoints in the evaluation of new drugs in clinical trials. However, over the years it has become clear that surrogate endpoints need to be statistically evaluated and deemed valid, before they can be used as substitutes of “true” endpoints in clinical studies. Nowadays, two paradigms, based on causal inference and meta‐analysis, dominate the scene. In this article, we describe the general theoretical framework and some of the methodologies introduced in the causal inference paradigm.