bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ability to Work and Employment Rates in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1-Infected Individuals Receiving Combination Antiretroviral Therapy: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Authors: Elzi Luigia , Conen Anna , Patzen Annalea , Fehr Jan , Cavassini Matthias , Calmy Alexandra , Schmid Patrick , Bernasconi Enos , Furrer Hansjakob , Battegay Manuel ,   the Swiss HIV Cohort Study Group, Barth J. , Battegay M. , Bernasconi E. , Böni J. , Bucher H.C. , Bürgisser P. , Burton-Jeangros C. , Calmy A. , Cavassini M. , Dubs R. , Egger M. , Elzi L. , Fehr J. , Fischer M. , Flepp M. , Furrer H. , Fux C.A. , Gorgievski M. , Günthard H. , Hasse B. , Hirsch H.H. , Hirschel B. , Hösli I. , Kahlert C. , Kaiser L. , Keiser O. , Kind C. , Klimkait T. , Kovari H. , Ledergerber B. , Martinetti G. , Martinez de Tejada B. , Müller N. , Nadal D. , Pantaleo G. , Rauch A. , Regenass S. , Rickenbach M. , Rudin C. , Schmid P. , Schultze D. , Schöni-Affolter F. , Schüpbach J. , Speck R. , Taffé P. , Tarr P. , Telenti A. , Trkola A. , Vernazza P. , von Wyl V. , Weber R. , Yerly S. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Background.  Limited data exist on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals' ability to work after receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). We aimed to investigate predictors of regaining full ability to work at 1 year after starting cART.
Methods.  Antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected individuals &lt;60 years who started cART from January 1998 through December 2012 within the framework of the Swiss HIV Cohort Study were analyzed. Inability to work was defined as a medical judgment of the patient's ability to work as 0%.
Results.  Of 5800 subjects, 4382 (75.6%) were fully able to work, 471 (8.1%) able to work part time, and 947 (16.3%) were unable to work at baseline. Of the 947 patients unable to work, 439 (46.3%) were able to work either full time or part time at 1 year of treatment. Predictors of recovering full ability to work were non-white ethnicity (odds ratio [OR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–3.54), higher education (OR, 4.03; 95% CI, 2.47–7.48), and achieving HIV-ribonucleic acid &lt;50 copies/mL (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.20–2.80). Older age (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, .42–.72, per 10 years older) and psychiatric disorders (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, .13–.47) were associated with lower odds of ability to work. Recovering full ability to work at 1 year increased from 24.0% in 1998–2001 to 41.2% in 2009–2012, but the employment rates did not increase.
Conclusions.  Regaining full ability to work depends primarily on achieving viral suppression, absence of psychiatric comorbidity, and favorable psychosocial factors. The discrepancy between patients' ability to work and employment rates indicates barriers to reintegration of persons infected with HIV.
Alterations of amygdala-prefrontal connectivity with real-time fMRI neurofeedback in BPD patients
Authors: Paret Christian , Kluetsch Rosemarie , Zaehringer Jenny , Ruf Matthias , Demirakca Traute , Bohus Martin , Ende Gabriele , Schmahl Christian 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
With the use of real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (NF), amygdala activitiy can be visualized in real time. In this study, continuous amygdala NF was provided to patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) with the instruction to down-regulate. During four sessions of NF training, patients viewed aversive pictures and received feedback from a thermometer display, which showed the amygdala blood oxygenation level-dependent signal. Conditions of regulation and viewing without regulation were presented. Each session started with a resting-state scan and was followed by a transfer run without NF. Amygdala regulation, task-related and resting-state functional brain connectivity were analyzed. Self-ratings of dissociation and difficulty in emotion regulation were collected. BPD patients down-regulated right amygdala activation but there were no improvements over time. Task-related amygdala-ventromedial prefrontal cortex connectivity was altered across the four sessions, with an increased connectivity when regulating vs viewing pictures. Resting-state amygdala-lateral prefrontal cortex connectivity was altered and dissociation, as well as scores for ‘lack of emotional awareness’, decreased with training. Results demonstrated that amygdala NF may improve healthy brain connectivity, as well as emotion regulation. A randomized-controlled trial is needed to investigate whether amygdala NF is instrumental for improving neural regulation and emotion regulation in BPD patients.
OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF PRIMARY MYELOFIBROSIS
Authors: Lin Albert L. , Burnham Jordan M. , Pang Victor , Idowu Omolola , Iyer Siva 
Published: February 2016

Purpose:
To report ocular manifestations of idiopathic primary myelofibrosis in a patient with relapsed primary myelofibrosis.

Methods:
Observational case report.

Results:
A 57-year-old African American male with history of primary myelofibrosis, diagnosed by bone marrow aspirate and biopsy, believed to be in remission was referred to us for bilateral angle-closure glaucoma refractory to medical treatment and laser peripheral iridotomy. His fundus examination revealed serous retinal detachments, choroidal effusions, and Roth spots, and B-scan revealed his angle closure was due to annular anterior ciliochoroidal effusions. The patient was taken to surgery for a pars plana vitrectomy with radial sclerotomies performed to relieve the patient's eye pressure in the left eye. Cytologic analysis of the choroidal effusions revealed neutrophilic infiltrates with immature forms and erythroid precursors, suggesting a neoplastic infiltration from the patient's primary myelofibrosis. The patient's vision and ocular symptoms significantly improved after chemotherapy. Repeat bone marrow aspiration and biopsy confirmed the patient's primary myelofibrosis with no progression to acute leukemia despite his high leukocyte count.

Conclusion:
Neoplastic infiltration of primary idiopathic myelofibrosis into the eye and surrounding structures, which is scantly described in the current literature, may be an early sign of new onset or relapsing primary myelofibrosis. Chemotherapy can be very effective in the ultimate treatment and remission of these ocular symptoms.
An Analysis of Conjunctival Map Biopsies in Sebaceous Carcinoma
Authors: McConnell Lindsay K. , Syed Nasreen A. , Zimmerman Miriam B. , Carter Keith D. , Nerad Jeffery A. , Allen Richard C. , Shriver Erin M. 
Published: February 2016

Purpose:
To evaluate the need for standardized conjunctival map biopsies in periocular sebaceous carcinoma and to formulate recommendations regarding map biopsy number, location, size, and utility based on analysis of biopsy locations, results, and outcomes.

Methods:
Retrospective consecutive series of patients with sebaceous carcinoma treated at a tertiary care hospital from 1988 to 2013. Main outcome measures included conjunctival biopsy locations, number, size, and pathology.

Results:
A diffuse eyelid pattern was evident on presentation in 28/51 patients (54.9%) versus a solitary eyelid nodule in 23/51 (45.1%). Forty-five patients underwent a total of 429 conjunctival biopsies. The conjunctiva was negative in 277 specimens (64.6%), positive in 121 (28.2%), suspicious in 26 (6.1%), and nondiagnostic in 5 (1.2%). Intraepithelial conjunctival involvement was present in 36 patients (70.6%) of whom 23 (63.9%) presented with a diffuse eyelid appearance. There was no statistically significant correlation between primary tumor location and sites of positive biopsies or biopsy size. The pattern at presentation and location of primary tumor did not correlate with biopsy results. Clinical assessment regarding conjunctival involvement was incorrect in 10 of 23 patients (43.5%) with a solitary nodule. Despite primary tumor resection with clear margins confirmed on pathology, 5 of 45 (11%) patients had locally recurrent sebaceous carcinoma.

Conclusions:
Conjunctival biopsy size does not correlate with the presence of tumor in the biopsy. Primary tumor location and pattern of tumor at presentation do not correlate with conjunctival biopsy results. Irrespective of the clinical tumor features, standardized conjunctival map biopsies are essential in staging periocular sebaceous carcinoma.
Comparison of Recommendations in Clinical Practice Guidelines for Acute Gastroenteritis in Children
Authors: Lo Vecchio Andrea , Dias Jorge Amil , Berkley James A. , Boey Chris , Cohen Mitchell B. , Cruchet Sylvia , Liguoro Ilaria , Salazar Lindo Eduardo , Sandhu Bhupinder , Sherman Philip , Shimizu Toshiaki , Guarino Alfredo 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTObjective:Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a major cause of child mortality and morbidity. This study aimed at systematically reviewing clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on AGE to compare recommendations and provide the basis for developing single universal guidelines.Methods:CPGs were identified by searching MEDLINE, Cochrane‐Library, National Guideline Clearinghouse and Web sites of relevant societies/organizations producing and/or endorsing CPGs.Results:The definition of AGE varies among the 15 CPGs identified. The parameters most frequently recommended to assess dehydration are skin turgor and sunken eyes (11/15, 73.3%), general appearance (11/15, 66.6%), capillary refill time, and mucous membranes appearance (9/15, 60%). Oral rehydration solution is universally recognized as first‐line treatment. The majority of CPGs recommend hypo‐osmolar (Na+ 45–60 mmol/L, 11/15, 66.6 %) or low‐osmolality (Na+ 75 mmol/L, 9/15, 60%) solutions. In children who fail oral rehydration, most CPGs suggest intravenous rehydration (66.6%). However, nasogastric tube insertion for fluid administration is preferred according by 5/15 CPGs (33.3%). Changes in diet and withdrawal of food are discouraged by all CPGs, and early refeeding is strongly recommended in 13 of 15 (86.7%). Zinc is recommended as an adjunct to ORS by 10 of 15 (66.6%) CPGs, most of them from low‐income countries. Probiotics are considered by 9 of 15 (60%) CPGs, 5 from high‐income countries. Antiemetics are not recommended in 9 of 15 (60%) CPGs. Routine use of antibiotics is discouraged.Conclusions:Key recommendations for the management of AGE in children are similar in CPGs. Together with accurate review of evidence‐base this may represent a starting point for developing universal recommendations for the management of children with AGE worldwide.
Fatty Acid Composition in Feeds and Plasma of Canadian Premature Infants
Authors: Hossain Zakir , MacKay Dylan , Friel James K. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTObjectives:The objective of the present exploratory study was to investigate how the fatty acid (FA) composition of different food sources for preterm infants including breast milk (BM), formula (F), human milk fortifiers (HMFs), and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) impacted preterm infant's plasma FA. The associations between FA content of plasma with antioxidant enzyme activity and cognition were also evaluated.Methods:Thirty‐two premature infants were included in the present study. Five different feeds (BM, F, BM + F, BM + HMF, and TPN) were provided. Foods and preterm infant plasma samples were collected at the same time on the same day biweekly where possible. Separation and identification of the plasma and food FA methyl esters were performed by gas‐liquid chromatography. Antioxidant enzymes were measured. The Bayley Scale of Infant Development version III was used to evaluate cognition.Results:In food sources, BM contained significantly lower stearic acid (C18:0) (P < 0.05), oleic acid (C18:1n9) (P < 0.01), linoleic acid (C18:2n6) (P < 0.01), α‐linoleic acid (C18:3n3) (P < 0.01), and arachidonic acid (C20:4n6) (P < 0.05) compared with the F. Palmitic acid (C16:0) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the BM + HMF compared with the BM. Stearic acid (C18:0) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the BM + F and BM + HMF compared with the BM. In the plasma lauric acid (C12:0) (P < 0.05) and myristic acid (C14:0) (P < 0.001) were higher in the BM‐fed babies compared with the F‐fed or TPN‐recipient groups. Antioxidant enzymes, activities and cognition scores did not differ by feeding groups, however the study may not have been powered to detect these differences.Conclusions:The type, and therefore quality, of fatty acids is an important consideration when selecting what is fed to premature infants because differences in feed fatty acids were seen in some plasma fatty acids in the study.
Decoupling global biases and local interactions between cell biological variables
Authors: Zaritsky Assaf , Obolski Uri , Gan Zhuo , Reis Carlos R. , Kadlecova Zuzana , Du Yi , Schmid Sandra L. , Danuser Gaudenz 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAnalysis of coupled variables is a core concept of cell biological inference, with co-localization of two molecules as a proxy for protein interaction being a ubiquitous example. However, external effectors may influence the observed co-localization independently from the local interaction of two proteins. Such global bias, although biologically meaningful, is often neglected when interpreting co-localization. Here, we describe DeBias, a computational method to quantify and decouple global bias from local interactions between variables by modeling the observed co-localization as the cumulative contribution of a global and a local component. We showcase four applications of DeBias in different areas of cell biology, and demonstrate that the global bias encapsulates fundamental mechanistic insight into cellular behavior. The DeBias software package is freely accessible online via a web-server athttps://debias.biohpc.swmed.edu.Impact statement: DeBias, a generic method to decompose and quantify the confounding, global factors and direct interactions of pairwise interacting variables.
Sequence amplification via cell passaging creates spurious signals of positive adaptation in influenza H3N2 hemagglutinin
Authors: McWhite Claire D. , Meyer Austin G. , Wilke Claus O. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractClinical influenza A isolates are frequently not sequenced directly. Instead, a majority of these isolates (~70% in 2015) are first subjected to passaging for amplification, most commonly in non-human cell culture. Here, we find that this passaging leaves distinct signals of adaptation in the viral sequences, which can confound evolutionary analyses of the viral sequences. We find distinct patterns of adaptation to Madin-Darby (MDCK) and monkey cell culture absent from unpassaged hemagglutinin sequences. These patterns also dominate pooled datasets not separated by passaging type, and they increase in proportion to the number of passages performed. By contrast, MDCK-SIAT1 passaged sequences seem mostly (but not entirely) free of passaging adaptations. Contrary to previous studies, we find that using only internal branches of the influenza phylogenetic trees is insufficient to correct for passaging artifacts. These artifacts can only be safely avoided by excluding passaged sequences entirely from subsequent analysis. We conclude that future influenza evolutionary analyses should appropriately control for potentially confounding effects of passaging adaptations.
Skew in ovarian activation depends on domicile size in a facultatively social thrips
Authors: Gilbert J. D. J. , Wells A. , Simpson S. J. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTCosts and benefits of group living are a fundamental topic in behavioural ecology. Resource availability affects individuals breeding prospects alone and in groups, as well as how reproduction is distributed within groups (“reproductive skew”). Here, we provide correlational evidence in facultatively social thrips that breeding resources are associated with (1) whether solitary or social living is favoured, and (2) the degree of ovarian skew.Dunatothrips aneurae(Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) cooperatively build silk “domiciles” on Australian Acacias, feeding exclusively from internal phyllode surfaces.Per capitaproductivity scaled differently with group size depending on domicile volume – females in small domiciles did better alone than in groups, whereas in large domiciles single and group-nesting females did equally well. Ovarian dissections revealed that in small domiciles some females were nonreproductive, indicating ovarian (i.e. reproductive) skew. Skew increased as domicile size decreased and group size increased. Breeders had smaller oocyte volume in smaller domiciles, especially those containing nonreproductives.These findings suggest group formation and reproductive skew inD. aneuraemay be influenced by reproductive competition for breeding resources. Nonreproductive females in small domiciles may be reproductively suppressed, subfertile, or waiting to reproduce. We speculate they may avoid eviction by contributing as “helpers” to domicile maintenance.
The framing and reframing of corporate financial results
Authors: Rosenkranz Julian , Pollach Irene 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– News agencies are important stakeholders for large organizations, since the news they distribute will be adopted by other news outlets, which influence public opinion and hence corporate reputation. The purpose of this paper is to advance the understanding of how corporate earnings press releases are transformed into financial news by investigating whether the frames introduced by companies are adopted or reframed by news agencies.Design/methodology/approach– A content analysis of framing techniques in corporate earnings releases and their corresponding news-agency releases was performed, focussing on the financial figures and benchmarks presented, performance attributions, and the tonality of the texts.Findings– The findings suggest that news agencies reframe earnings releases at the textual-pragmatic level by reducing their length, using fewer financial figures, and changing the position of these figures in the texts; they increase transparency by avoiding adjusted financial figures, qualifying figures, and adding analyst assessments; and they change the tonality by down-toning positive statements and highlighting negative aspects.Originality/value– This paper makes a contribution to the field of corporate financial communication, which has not shed much light on the transformation of earnings press releases into financial news. In addition, this paper contributes to the stream of research on journalistic transformations of corporate press releases in general, which has ignored the influential role of news agencies as both manufacturers and wholesalers of news.
Psychological contract and knowledge sharing
Authors: Luu Tuan Trong 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The survival and sustainable growth of Cai Luong (Renovated Theatre) theatre companies as well as Cai Luong theatrical art in Vietnam necessitate the sharing of acting and singing skills between generations of actors. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of theatre members’ perception of psychological contract in predicting their sharing of knowledge. Another research purpose is to assess if corporate social responsibility (CSR) of theatre companies can activate the effect chain through psychological contract to knowledge sharing. The last research purpose sheds light on the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) for the relationship between psychological contract and knowledge sharing among members of Cai Luong theatre companies in Vietnam setting.Design/methodology/approach– Cross-sectional data for SEM-based analysis was collated from 226 respondents of Cai Luong theatre companies in Vietnam.Findings– Research results unveil the predicting role that CSR played on the relationship between psychological contract and knowledge sharing among members in Cai Luong theatre companies. This relationship was also found to be moderated by EO.Originality/value– Research results extend knowledge management literature through the inclusion of CSR and psychological contract as antecedents of knowledge sharing.
CSR and sustainability reporting practices of top companies in India
Authors: Jain Rajul , Winner Lawrence H. 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to contribute an international perspective to corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability (Sus) discussions by examining CSR/Sus reporting practices of the 200 largest state-owned and private companies in India.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors conduct a case study at the Danish carpet manufacturer EGE. The authors interpret the case from the perspective of pragmatic constructivism, which focusses on the integration of four dimensions: facts, possibilities, values, and communication.

Findings
– The analyses showed that while most companies share CSR/Sus information through their websites they associate different levels of importance to this communication. However, the study found that overall the CSR/Sus climate in India is showing signs of positive reform.

Research limitations/implications
– Being among the first, this study provides a framework for future studies to continue exploring CSR/Sus context in India, a country that despite its growing importance and influence has been largely ignored in the CSR/Sus literature.

Practical/implications
– The study outlines the current CSR/Sus reporting trends and best practices in India that can help managers and organizations identify issues and topics that they could channel their resources and efforts into to maximize returns and benefits in this area.

Social/implications
– This study provides insights into how corporations in an emerging and complex economy such as India are assuming roles of corporate citizens and are actively using web-based communication to engage and interact with stakeholders on issues that are of general concern.

Originality/value
– The value of this study is in providing empirical insights into the strategies that Indian companies use to report on their CSR/Sus policies and commitments. The study is among the first to examine CSR in India from a sustainability perspective, and evaluate compliance with global reporting standards among top corporations.
Tribological behaviours of surface-modified serpentine powder as lubricant additive
Authors: Zhang Yawen , Li Zhipeng , Yan Jincan , Ren Tianhui , Zhao Yidong 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The aim of this paper is to study the tribological performance and self-repairing performance of surface-modified nanoscale serpentine powders as lubricant additives in the mineral base oil (5-CST).

Design/methodology/approach
– Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra and thermo-gravimetric analysis of both modified and unmodified serpentine were performed to analyse their grafting ratio and suspension after modified using a long-chain naphthene aliphatic acid. The tribological properties of surface-modified serpentine as lubricant additives in 5-CST were evaluated and the worn surfaces were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES).

Findings
– The results show that the serpentine particles have high grafting ratio, improving the dispersity in 5-CST. When the serpentine concentration of 1.00 weight per cent is used as additives in 5-CST, friction coefficient reduces by 14.80 per cent under 294 N and wear scar diameter (WSD) decreases by 11.82 per cent. The results of X-ray absorption near edge structure and XANES show that the adsorption and tribochemical reactions occur to form self-repairing lubrication films.

Originality/value
– The paper illustrates a tribofilm form on the rubbed surface, which is responsible for the decrease in friction and wear, mainly containing iron oxides, silicon oxides, magnesium oxides and organic compounds. The results are useful for further applications in advanced environmental friendly lubricating oils and additives.