bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatile oil profile of some lamiaceous plants growing in Saudi Arabia and their biological activities
Authors: Ibrahim Sabrin R.M. , Abdallah Hossam M. , Mohamed Gamal A. , Farag Mohamed A. , Alshali Khalid Z. , Alsherif Emad A. , Ross Samir A. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A comparative investigation of hydro-distilled essential oils from aerial parts of Mentha longifolia L. (ML), Mentha microphylla K.Koch (MM), Mentha australis R.Br. (MA), and Teucrium polium L. (TP) growing in Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia, was carried out. The total numbers of identified constituents were 22, 23, 14, and 20 in ML, MM, MA, and TP oils, representing 93.0, 99.3, 78.1, and 81.1% of the total oil composition, respectively. Pulegone (40.7%) and cineole (33.4%) were the major components in ML, whereas carvone (64.6%) was the major one in MM. Furthermore, β-linalool (22.9%) and α-terpineol (12%) were the major components in MA, whereas, (E)-3-caren-2-ol accounted for 12.1% in TP. The essential oils of TP and MA exhibited promising activities against Leishmania donovani promastigotes with IC50 values of 2.3 and 3.7 μg/mL, respectively. In contrast, MA essential oils exhibited antifungal activities towards Candida krusei and C. glabrata with IC50 values of 1 and 1.2 μg/mL, respectively.
Identity Crisis in the Islamic Periphery: Turkey and Malaysia
Authors: Mehmet Ozay 
Published: July 2016

This is an age of identity crisis. Who am I? What are my roots? These are the central questions of our age. The search for identity is mixed with a wave of skepticism about development, technology and environment. This is a universal phenomenon. Questions about one's roots, about ecological and technological and demographic limits of growth and development (Olson and Landsberg, 1973; Schumacher, 1973) are being asked in the mass consumption societies of the developed world (Scitovsky, 1976; Hirschman, 1977). And they are being asked in the post-colonial societies of the developing world.The timing of the global identity crisis is paradoxical. In the developed world economic affluence was expected to liberate man for leisure and creativity. In the search for material satisfaction, western man has lost his soul to “technomania” (Grant, 1969, p. 39). Christian fundamentalism and born-again Christianity are on a rising curve.
Impact of mitral geometry and global afterload on improvement of mitral regurgitation after trans-catheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Tayyareci Y. , Dworakowski R. , Kogoj P. , Reiken J. , Kenny C. , MacCarthy P. , Wendler O. , Monaghan M. J. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Objective: To assess the impact of mitral geometry, left ventricular (LV) remodelling and global LV afterload on mitral regurgitation (MR) after trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
Methods: In this study, 60 patients who underwent TAVI were evaluated by 3D echocardiography at baseline, 1 month and 6 months after procedure. The proportional change in MR following TAVI was determined by examining the percentage change in vena contracta (VC) at 6 months. Patients having a significant reduction of at least 30% in VC were defined as good responders (GR) and the remaining patients were defined as poor responders (PR).
Results: After 6 months of TAVI, 27 (45%) patients were GR and 33 (55%) were PR. There was a significant decrease in 3DE-derived mitral annular diameter and area (P = 0.001), mitral valve tenting area (TA) (P = 0.05), and mitral papillary muscle dyssynchrony index (DSI) (P = 0.05) in the GR group. 3DE-derived LVESV (P = 0.016), LV mass (P = 0.001) and LV DSI, (P = 0.001) were also improved 6 months after TAVI. In addition, valvulo-arterial impedance (ZVA) was significantly higher at baseline in patients with PR (P = 0.028). 3DE-derived mitral annular area (β: 0.47, P = 0.04), mitral papillary DSI (β: −0.65, P = 0.012) and ZVA (β: 0.45, P = 0.028) were the strongest independent parameters that could predict the reduction of functional MR after TAVI.
Conclusion: GR patients demonstrate more regression in mitral annulus area and diameter after significant decrease in high LVEDP and trans-aortic gradients with TAVI. PR patients appear to have increased baseline ZVA, mitral valve tenting and restriction in mitral valve coaptation. These factors are important for predicting the impact of TAVI on pre-existing MR.
Right heart function deteriorates in breast cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy
Authors: Boczar Kevin Emery , Aseyev Olexiy , Sulpher Jeffrey , Johnson Christopher , Burwash Ian G. , Turek Michele , Dent Susan , Dwivedi Girish 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Background: Cardiotoxicity from anthracycline-based chemotherapy is an important cause of early and late morbidity and mortality in breast cancer patients. Left ventricular (LV) function is assessed for patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy to identify cardiotoxicity. However, animal studies suggest that right ventricular (RV) function may be a more sensitive measure to detect LV dysfunction. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if breast cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy experience RV dysfunction.
Methods: Forty-nine breast cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy at the Ottawa Hospital between November 2007 and March 2013 and who had 2 echocardiograms performed at least 3 months apart were retrospectively identified. Right atrial area (RAA), right ventricular fractional area change (RV FAC) and RV longitudinal strain of the free wall (RV LSFW) were evaluated according to the American Society of Echocardiography guidelines.
Results: The majority (48/49) of patients were females with an average age of 53.4 (95% CI: 50.1-56.7 years). From baseline to follow-up study, average LV ejection fraction (LVEF) decreased from 62.22 (95% CI: 59.1-65.4) to 57.4% (95% CI: 54.0-60.9) (P = 0.04). During the same time period, the mean RAA increased from 12.1 cm2 (95% CI: 11.1-13.0 cm2) to 13.8 cm2 (95% CI: 12.7-14.9 cm2) (P = 0.02), mean RV FAC decreased (P = 0.01) from 48.3% (95% CI: 44.8-51.74) to 42.1% (95% CI: 38.5-45.6%), and mean RV LSFW worsened from -16.2% (95% CI: -18.1 to -14.4%) to -13.81% (95% CI: -15.1 to -12.5%) (P = 0.04).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy experience adverse effects on both right atrial size and RV function. Further studies are required to determine the impact of these adverse effects on right heart function and whether this represents an earlier marker of cardiotoxicity.
Leadership and Ideological Bond: PPP and Internal Fragmentation in Indonesia
Authors: Noor Firman 
Published: July 2016

During 2014-2016, the United Development Party (PPP) experienced the most severe and prolonged internal fragmentation in its history. Since the beginning of 2014, the emergence of the twin Board of the Central Committee cemented the fragmentation that had occurred. Some people relate this phenomenon to the interests of the elites. However, the interest of the elites itself is something inevitable and in many cases is not necessarily the cause for prolonged fragmentation. The aim of this article, therefore, is to explain the factors that lead to the internal fragmentation. This article regards three main root-causes of the problem, namely (1) weak leadership, in particular the absence of a strong patron, which facilitates cadres’ unrestricted freedom of action and makes them unable to maintain the Party unity, (2) the lack of an ideological bond that leads to the growth of exclusive-pragmatism, and (3) external factors, namely the government and coalition partners that are eager to preserve each conflicting group’s position.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v23i1.2808
Kontestasi Pemikiran Islam Indonesia Kontemporer
Authors: Azra Azyumardi 
Published: July 2016

Carool Kersten. 2015. Islam in Indonesia: The Contest for Society, Ideas and Values, London: Hurst & Company, pp. 373+xx.Comprehensive studies of contemporary Indonesian Islam are still scarce. Most of the studies on this subject deal with certain aspects of current developments in Indonesian Islam. Kersten’s book is an attempt to present an intellectual history of contemporary Indonesian Islam in six chapters: first, secularism, pluralism and liberalism in Indonesia; second, Islam in Indonesia today: discourses and interlocutors; third, the weight of predecessors: adaptations, critique, and transformation; fourth, debating secularism: Islam, statehood and democracy; fifth, the letter or the spirit of Islamic law?: legal formalists versus substantivitst; sixth, contentious triangulation: religious pluralism, human rights and freedom of thought. This book can be considered as a sequel to the Indonesian part of the book written by the same author, Cosmopolitans and Heretics: New Muslim Intellectuals and the Study of Islam (2011).DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v23i1.2905
Effects of animal class and genotype on beef muscle nanostructure, pHu, colour and tenderness
Authors: Chulayo Amanda Y. , Muchenje Voster 
Published: July 2016

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of animal class and genotype of cattle on Muscularis longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) nanostructure, ultimate pH (pHu), colour and tenderness of beef. We found significant positive relationships between distance travelled (DT) and meat temperature (Tm) (p<0.01); lairage duration (LDhr) and lightness of colour (L*) (p<0.01); ambient temperature (Ta) and L* (p<0.05) and LDhr and yellowness (b*) (p<0.05) of beef from Bonsmara cattle. Positive linear relationships were observed between DT and Tm (p<0.05) and DT and L* (p<0.01) of the non-descript cattle. There were no significant relationships between pre-slaughter stress and other beef quality parameters (pHu, Warner– Bratzler shear force [WBSF], redness [a*] and b*) of Bonsmara, Nguni and non-descript cattle. Muscle fibres differed among class and genotype and had an effect on meat quality. The Bonsmara, non-descript and Nguni cows and heifers had visible skeletal muscle fibres which were thin and long, promising improved tenderness of beef. Genotype and class had significant effects on meat quality parameters (Tm, pHu, L*, a*, b* and WBSF). The first important principal components as they appeared from the analysis were pHu, Tm, L*, a*, b* and WBSF. Therefore, animal class did not affect the nanostructure of beef; instead, meat tenderness was enhanced by the longer and visible muscle fibres. Nguni cattle produced meat of superior quality to that of the Bonsmara and the non-descript cattle.
Estimated abundance and diversity of heterotrophic protists in South African biocrusts
Authors: Dumack Kenneth , Koller Robert , Weber Bettina , Bonkowsk Michael 
Published: July 2016

Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) occur widely in the uppermost millimeters of the soil in arid and semi-arid systems. Worldwide they cover large terrestrial areas and play a major role in the global terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycles. However, knowledge of the microbial decomposer foodwebs within biocrusts is particularly scarce. Heterotrophic protists in soil are predominantly bacterivores, and because of their high biomass compared with other soil fauna and fast turnover rates, protists are considered an important factor for soil nutrient cycling and energy fluxes. Thus, knowledge of their biodiversity, abundance and functional roles is important to understand soil ecosystem functions. We investigated the diversity and abundance of heterotrophic soil protists in different types of biocrusts from the Succulent Karoo, South Africa. With an overall diversity of 23 distinct morphotypes, soil protist biodiversity was shown to be high. The most abundant groups were Spumella-like chrysomonads, gliding bodonids, glissomonads and heteroloboseans. Protist abundance was highly variable among samples. The abundance and diversity did not differ significantly among different types of biocrusts, indicating that microscale differences, but not macroscopic soil crust builders (e.g. cyanobacteria, lichens and bryophytes), have a major impact on the protist community.
High-temperature Oxidation of Fe-Cr Steels in Steam Condition – A Review
Authors: Kurniawan Tedi , Binti Fauzi Farah Alia , Asmara Yuli Panca 
Published: July 2016

The development of supercritical (SC) and ultra-supercritical (USC) power plants requires materials with better corrosion properties. Deep understanding on the oxidation mechanism in the boiler environment is one of the important factors to support this development. In this work, high temperature oxidation of Fe-Cr steels in steam condition is reviewed. Several mechanisms that explain the effect of water vapor in the oxidation behavior the steel were presented.
EFEITO MANADA NO MERCADO DE CAPITAIS: UM ESTUDO COM GERENTES DE BANCOS PÚBLICOS DO DISTRITO FEDERAL
Authors: Araujo Neto Luiz Medeiros de , Serrano Andre Luiz Marques , Oliveira Neto José Carneiro da Cunha , Freitas Roberto Lúcio Corrêa de , Abreu Emmanuel Sousa de 
Published: July 2016

<p class="Default">O objetivo com este trabalho foi verificar se os gerentes de bancos estatais, autorizados a recomendar investimentos, sofrem influência de opiniões externas em decisões de aquisição de ativos financeiros. A pesquisa se justifica em razão da necessidade de se saber se mesmo agentes com elevado conhecimento em finanças e acesso à informação poderiam sofrer influência da opinião emitida por analistas de mercado no momento da decisão de compra desses ativos. Para tal, foram aplicados 80 questionários a gerentes autorizados a recomendar investimentos, em três bancos públicos localizados no Distrito Federal. Para a operacionalização estatística, foram utilizados testes de hipóteses para se verificar se existiam diferenças significativas entre a escolha de gerentes sob influência externa e de outros sem essa interferência. Concluiu-se que a opinião do analista não influencia a forma de qualificar as ações da empresa, porém foram achadas fortes relações entre a opção de compra e a opinião do analista. <strong></strong></p><p>Palavras-chave: Finanças comportamentais. Efeito manada. Assimetria de informação. </p>
Epidemiological Assessments of Skin Outcomes in the Nurses’ Health Studies
Authors: Li Wen-Qing , Cho Eunyoung , Weinstock Martin A. , Mashfiq Hasan , Qureshi Abrar A. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives. To review the contribution of the Nurses’ Health Studies (NHSs) to identifying epidemiological factors associated with multiple skin diseases, including skin cancer, psoriasis, and other inflammatory and autoimmune skin diseases. Methods. We carried out a narrative review of NHS articles published between 1976 and 2016. Results. The NHSs have identified environmental and lifestyle factors related to psoriasis, supporting obesity and smoking as psoriasis risk factors; associations between psoriasis and diabetes, myocardial infarction, and Crohn’s disease, supporting psoriasis as a systemic disorder; and associations of pigmentary traits, ultraviolet radiation, and lifestyle factors such as citrus consumption with risk of skin cancer. Genetic studies have identified novel genetic loci for skin pigmentation (e.g., IRF4, SLC24A4, NID1, and EDNRB) and skin cancer (e.g., TET2 and HERC2-OCA2). Work continues on highly prevalent but less studied skin conditions such as rosacea, acne, and atopic dermatitis. The NHS results have influenced public health policies on indoor tanning devices. Conclusions. The NHSs have provided invaluable resources on skin disease population science and contributed to the etiological understanding of multiple skin disorders.
Epidemiology of Major Neurodegenerative Diseases in Women: Contribution of the Nurses’ Health Study
Authors: Hagan Kaitlin A. , Munger Kassandra L. , Ascherio Alberto , Grodstein Francine 
Published: July 2016

Objectives. To review the contribution of the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) to identifying the role of lifestyle, diet, and genetic or biological factors in several neurodegenerative diseases, including cognitive decline, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Methods. We completed a narrative review of the publications of the NHS and NHS II between 1976 and 2016.Results. In primary findings for cognitive function, higher intake of nuts, moderate alcohol consumption, and higher physical activity levels were associated with better cognitive function. Flavonoids, physical activity, and postmenopausal hormone therapy were related to cognitive decline over 2 to 6 years. The NHS also has been integral in establishing Epstein-Barr virus infection, inadequate vitamin D nutrition, cigarette smoking, and obesity as risk factors for multiple sclerosis and inverse associations between cigarette smoking and caffeine and risk of Parkinson’s disease. Increased risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has been associated with cigarette smoking and decreased risk associated with obesity.Conclusions. The NHS has provided invaluable resources on neurodegenerative diseases and contributed to their etiological understanding. We anticipate that the NHS cohorts will continue to make important contributions to the field of neurodegenerative diseases.
Key Findings on Alcohol Consumption and a Variety of Health Outcomes From the Nurses’ Health Study
Authors: Mostofsky Elizabeth , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Giovannucci Ed L. , Stampfer Meir J. , Rimm Eric B. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives. To review critical contributions from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) on alcohol consumption and health outcomes. Methods. We performed a narrative review of NHS (1980–2012) and NHS II (1989–2011) publications. Results. Using detailed information on self-reported alcohol drinking patterns obtained approximately every 4 years combined with extensive information on diet, lifestyle habits, and physician-diagnosed health conditions, NHS investigators have prospectively examined the risks and benefits associated with alcohol consumption. Moderate intake, defined as up to 1 drink a day, is associated with a lower risk of hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, sudden cardiac death, gallstones, cognitive decline, and all-cause mortality. However, even moderate intake places women at higher risk for breast cancer and bone fractures, and higher intake increases risk for colon polyps and colon cancer. Conclusions. Regular alcohol intake has both risks and benefits. In analyses using repeated assessments of alcohol over time and deaths from all causes, women with low to moderate intake and regular frequency (> 3 days/week) had the lowest risk of mortality compared with abstainers and women who consumed substantially more than 1 drink per day.
Nurses’ Health Study Contributions on the Epidemiology of Less Common Cancers: Endometrial, Ovarian, Pancreatic, and Hematologic
Authors: Birmann Brenda M. , Barnard Mollie E. , Bertrand Kimberly A. , Bao Ying , Crous-Bou Marta , Wolpin Brian M. , De Vivo Immaculata , Tworoger Shelley S. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives. To review the contributions of the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) to epidemiologic knowledge of endometrial, ovarian, pancreatic, and hematologic cancers. Methods. We reviewed selected NHS publications from 1976 to 2016, including publications from consortia and other pooled studies. Results. NHS studies on less common cancers have identified novel risk factors, such as a reduced risk of endometrial cancer in women of advanced age at last birth, and have clarified or prospectively confirmed previously reported associations, including an inverse association between tubal ligation and ovarian cancer. Through biomarker research, the NHS has furthered understanding of the pathogenesis of rare cancers, such as the role of altered metabolism in pancreatic cancer risk and survival. NHS investigations have also demonstrated the importance of the timing of exposure, such as the finding of a positive association of early life body fatness, but not of usual adult body mass index, with non-Hodgkin lymphoma risk. Conclusions. Evidence from the NHS has informed prevention strategies and contributed to improved survival from less common but often lethal malignancies, including endometrial, ovarian, pancreatic, and hematologic cancers.
Origin, Methods, and Evolution of the Three Nurses’ Health Studies
Authors: Bao Ying , Bertoia Monica L. , Lenart Elizabeth B. , Stampfer Meir J. , Willett Walter C. , Speizer Frank E. , Chavarro Jorge E. 
Published: July 2016

We have summarized the evolution of the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), a prospective cohort study of 121 700 married registered nurses launched in 1976; NHS II, which began in 1989 and enrolled 116 430 nurses; and NHS3, which began in 2010 and has ongoing enrollment. Over 40 years, these studies have generated long-term, multidimensional data, including lifestyle- and health-related information across the life course and an extensive repository of various biological specimens. We have described the questionnaire data collection, disease follow-up methods, biorepository resources, and data management and statistical procedures. Through integrative analyses, these studies have sustained a high level of scientific productivity and substantially influenced public health recommendations. We have highlighted recent interdisciplinary research projects and discussed future directions for collaboration and innovation.
Exogenous Hormone Use: Oral Contraceptives, Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy, and Health Outcomes in the Nurses’ Health Study
Authors: Bhupathiraju Shilpa N. , Grodstein Francine , Stampfer Meir J. , Willett Walter C. , Hu Frank B. , Manson JoAnn E. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives. To review the contribution of the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) to our understanding of the complex relationship between exogenous hormones and health outcomes in women. Methods. We performed a narrative review of the publications of the NHS and NHS II from 1976 to 2016. Results. Oral contraceptive and postmenopausal hormone use were studied in relation to major health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Current or recent oral contraceptive use is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (mainly among smokers), melanoma, and breast cancer, and a lower risk of colorectal and ovarian cancer. Although hormone therapy is not indicated primarily for chronic disease prevention, findings from the NHS and a recent analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative indicate that younger women who are closer to menopause onset have a more favorable risk–benefit profile than do older women from use of hormone therapy for relief of vasomotor symptoms. Conclusions. With updated information on hormone use, lifestyle factors, and other variables, the NHS and NHS II continue to contribute to our understanding of the complex relationship between exogenous hormones and health outcomes in women.