bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormalities in interactions of Rho GTPases with scaffolding proteins contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Reichova Alexandra , Zatkova Martina , Bacova Zuzana , Bakos Jan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that Rho GTPases, together with scaffolding SHANK proteins, and associated signaling pathways play a role in the development of autism symptoms in various conditions. Research data have brought information on multiple intracellular signaling pathways, including Rho‐associated protein kinases and serine/threonine‐protein kinases involved in cytoskeleton rearranging. Alterations in downstream effectors of GTPase signaling pathways are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Bioinformatics and experimental data show that complex genetic and molecular defects (GTPases, actin‐binding proteins, kinases, neuropeptides) can result in neuronal remodeling, leading to the functional connectivity deficits that manifest as the heterogeneous autism spectrum phenotype. Finally, the known hormone and neuropeptide oxytocin appears to be a factor for consideration in therapeutic intervention.
Visualizing the interaction of Acanthamoeba castellanii with human retinal epithelial cells by spontaneous Raman and CARS imaging
Authors: Naemat Abida , Sinjab Faris , McDonald Alison , Downes Andy , Elfick Alistair , Elsheikha Hany M. , Notingher Ioan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractImproved understanding of the mechanism of nutrient's uptake can enable targeted manipulation of nutrient sensing pathways in medically important pathogens to a greater degree than is currently possible. In this context, we present the use of spontaneous Raman microspectroscopy and coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy to visualize the time‐dependent molecular interactions between the protozoan Acanthamoeba castellanii and host human cells. Human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE‐19) cells were pre‐labelled with deuterated Phe (L‐Phe[D8]) and the uptake of the host derived L‐Phe(D8) by A. castellanii trophozoites was measured by Raman microspectroscopy for up to 48 hr post infection (hpi). This approach revealed a time‐dependent uptake pattern of this essential amino acid by A. castellanii trophozoites during the first 24 hpi with complete enrichment with L‐Phe(D8) detected in trophozoites at 48 hpi. In contrast, cell free A. castellanii trophozoites showed a modest uptake of only 16–18% L‐Phe(D8) from L‐Phe(D8)–supplemented culture medium after 3, 24, and 48 hr hpi. Coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy microscopy was successfully used to monitor the reprogramming of lipids within the trophozoites as they engaged with host cells. The methodology presented here provides new advances in the ability to analyze the kinetic of amino acid acquisition by A. castellanii from host cell and extracellular environment, and to visualize lipid reprogramming within the trophozoite.
Thermal stability of ultrathin and high dielectric ta‐C films coated with Ag nanostructures for SERS
Authors: Yan Bo , Li Ke , Gu Ping , Li Zhen , Tang Chaojun , Liu Fanxin , Zhan Peng , Sui Chenghua , Wang Zhenlin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) becomes one of the most desirable analytical techniques in the field of molecule detection. In some case, SERS needs to be performed at high temperature, for example, in catalytic reaction, in which dielectric film‐coated Ag nanostructures have been developed as extremely stable SERS substrates. Here, we study the thermal stability in air for a 1‐nm tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta‐C) film‐coated Ag nanostructure and its application in SERS. The result indicates that the 1‐nm ta‐C can preserve its mechanical properties and has good thermal stability at the temperature below 300 °C. However, under heating above 300 °C, its sp3 (diamond structure) content has an apparent decrease so that the 1‐nm ta‐C film cannot protect Ag‐based SERS substrates. The further SERS experiments demonstrate that the 1‐nm ta‐C‐coated Ag substrate can maintain its enhancement capability after heating below 300 °C by comparing to the substrate without heating, with further heating above 300 °C eventually leading to a loss of SERS capability, which is consistent with the study of ta‐C's thermal stability. We expected that our method could extend the potential applications of SERS in investigation of high‐temperature chemical reactions.
Preparation and mechanism analysis of an environment‐friendly maize seed coating agent
Authors: Zeng Defang , Fan Zhao , Tian Xu , Wang Wenjin , Zhou Mingchun , Li Haochuan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDTraditional seed coating agents often contain toxic ingredients, which contaminate the environment and threaten human health. This paper expounds a method of preparing a novel environment‐friendly seed coating agent for maize and researches its mechanism of action. The natural polysaccharide polymer, which is the main active ingredient of this environment‐friendly seed coating agent, has the characteristics of innocuity and harmlessness, and it can replace the toxic ingredients used in traditional seed coating agents.RESULTSThis environment‐friendly seed coating agent for maize was mainly made up of the natural polysaccharide polymer and other additives. The field trials results showed that the control efficacy of Helminthosporium maydis came to 93.72%, the anti‐feeding rate of cutworms came to 81.29%, and the maize yield was increased by 17.75%. Besides, the LD50 value (half the lethal dose in rats) of this seed coating agent was 10 times higher than that of the traditional seed coating agents. This seed coating agent could improve the activity of plant protective enzymes (peroxidase, catalase and superoxidase dismutase) and increase the chlorophyll content.CONCLUSIONThis seed coating agent has four characteristics of disease prevention, desinsectization, increasing yield and safety. Results of mechanism analyses showed that this seed coating agent could enhance disease control effectiveness by improving plant protective enzymes activity and increase maize yield by improving chlorophyll content. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Relative Rate Studies of the Reactions of Atomic Chlorine with Acetone and Cyclic Ketones
Authors: Herath Thushani N. , Orozco Ivan , Clinch Eric C. , Marshall Paul 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTRate coefficients have been measured for Cl atom reactions under ambient conditions with acetone and four cyclic ketones. Cl was generated by UV photolysis of Cl2, and other species were monitored by FT‐IR spectroscopy. The measurements yield k(Cl + acetone) = (2.0 ± 0.7) × 10−12, k(Cl + cyclobutanone) = (10.1 ± 0.8) × 10−11, k(Cl + cycloheptanone) = (24.0 ± 2.3) × 10−11, k(Cl + 2‐methyl cyclopentanone) = (15.2 ± 1.2) × 10−11, and k(Cl + 2‐methyl cyclohexanone) = (11.2 ± 1.0) × 10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1, where the uncertainties represent 95% confidence limits. These results are discussed in the context of structure‐activity relationships. We also present a prediction for Cl + cyclopropanone based on ab initio properties of the transition state.
Spatio‐Temporal Characterization of Pump‐Induced Wavefront Aberrations in Yb3 + ‐Doped Materials
Authors: Tamer Issa , Keppler Sebastian , Hornung Marco , Körner Jörg , Hein Joachim , Kaluza Malte C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA comprehensive spatio‐temporal characterization is presented describing the pump‐induced wavefront aberrations in Yb3 + ‐doped YAG, CaF2, and fluorophosphate glass. Time‐resolved interferometric measurements were performed to reveal the profiles of the total optical path differences (OPDs), which are described by the spatio‐temporal superposition of thermal as well as electronic contributions, across the free aperture of the considered diode‐pumped active materials. These contributions were individually determined by a COMSOL‐based thermal profile model along with a detailed characterization of the electronic changes by measuring the single‐pass gain and the spatial fluorescence profile. Due to the low quantum defect, the amplitude of the electronic component becomes comparable for all three materials and, in the case of Yb:CaF2, almost completely compensates the thermal component resulting from a pump pulse during the time frame of laser pulse amplification. Finally, all relevant material constants – such as the photoelastic constant and the polarizability difference – could be determined during this investigation, allowing the accurate modeling of the total pump‐induced wavefront aberrations and subsequent optimization for laser systems worldwide employing these Yb3 + ‐doped materials.
Global scales for cognitive screening in Parkinson's disease: Critique and recommendations
Authors: Skorvanek Matej , Goldman Jennifer G. , Jahanshahi Marjan , Marras Connie , Rektorova Irena , Schmand Ben , van Duijn Erik , Goetz Christopher G. , Weintraub Daniel , Stebbins Glenn T. , Martinez‐Martin Pablo ,   the members of the MDS Rating Scales Review Committee
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundCognitive impairment is a common nonmotor manifestation of Parkinson's disease, with deficits ranging from mild cognitive difficulties in 1 or more of the cognitive domains to severe dementia. The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society commissioned the assessment of the clinimetric properties of cognitive rating scales measuring global cognitive performance in PD to make recommendations regarding their use.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted to identify the scales used to assess global cognitive performance in PD, and the identified scales were reviewed and rated as “recommended,” “recommended with caveats,” “suggested,” or “listed” by the panel using previously established criteria.ResultsA total of 12 cognitive scales were included in this review. Three scales, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale Second Edition, and the Parkinson's Disease‐Cognitive Rating Scale, were classified as “recommended.” Two scales were classified as “recommended with caveats”: the Mini‐Mental Parkinson, because of limited coverage of executive abilities, and the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease‐Cognition, which has limited data on sensitivity to change. Six other scales were classified as “suggested” and 1 scale as “listed.”ConclusionsBecause of the existence of “recommended” scales for assessment of global cognitive performance in PD, this task force suggests that the development of a new scale for this purpose is not needed at this time. However, global cognitive scales are not a substitute for comprehensive neuropsychological testing. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Distinct patterns of amyloid‐dependent tau accumulation in Lewy body diseases
Authors: Lee Seung Ha , Cho Hanna , Choi Jae Yong , Lee Jae Hoon , Ryu Young Hoon , Lee Myung Sik , Lyoo Chul Hyoung 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTBackground: In addition to Lewy body pathology, amyloid‐β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles that are characteristic for Alzheimer's disease are also frequently found in Lewy body diseases.Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate tau accumulation patterns in dementia with Lewy bodies and other Lewy body diseases using in vivo 18F‐AV‐1451 PET.Methods: The study included 12 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with normal cognition, 22 PD patients with cognitive impairment, and 18 dementia with Lewy bodies patients. In addition, 25 Alzheimer's disease patients and 25 healthy controls were included for comparison. All participants underwent 18F‐AV‐1451 and 18F‐florbetaben PET scans, and cortical binding values were compared between the controls and each disease group.Results: When compared with the controls, dementia with Lewy bodies patients showed slightly increased 18F‐AV‐1451 binding in the primary sensorimotor and visual cortices and the parieto‐temporal cortices, which failed to survive multiple comparisons. Amyloid‐positive dementia with Lewy bodies patients showed significantly increased binding in the same regions when compared with controls, and even greater binding in the primary sensorimotor and visual cortices than Alzheimer's disease. Meanwhile, binding in the lateral and medial temporal cortices was less prominent than in Alzheimer's disease. In dementia with Lewy bodies, 18F‐AV‐1451 binding in the occipital cortex correlated with 18F‐florbetaben binding. Amyloid‐negative patients with normal cognition, patients with cognitive impairment, and dementia with Lewy bodies patients did not show increased 18F‐AV‐1451 binding.Conclusions: Dementia with Lewy bodies patients may harbor 18F‐AV‐1451 binding patterns distinct from Alzheimer's disease, with greater involvement of the primary cortices and less involvement of the temporal cortex. Tau burden increases in the Lewy body disease spectrum, and amyloid may play an important role in the accumulation of neocortical tau in Lewy body diseases. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Using supramolecular associations to create stable cellular structures in amorphous soft polymers
Authors: Jamalpour Seifollah , Ghaffarian Seyed Reza , Goldansaz Hadi 
Published: November 2017

A new strategy to foaming of Poly(methyl acrylate ‐co‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) as a polymer with low glass transition temperature (Tg) and strength is proposed by introducing supramolecular interactions via quadruple hydrogen bonding ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) units. The supramolecular polymers formed a reversible amorphous network and are foamed in a batch process inside an autoclave using supercritical N2. The thermal and dynamical behaviors of unfoamed and foamed supramolecular polymers are studied by differential scanning calorimeter and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The presence of UPy units in poly(methacrylic acid‐co‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) forms a reversible amorphous network and slows down the chains dynamics and leads to increase in the glass transition temperature as well as elastic modulus before and after foaming. The cellular structures, obtained in different foaming temperature, saturation pressure, and UPy content, were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The higher density of UPy units induced more stability and higher elastic modulus and developed the more stable, closed, and homogenous cell structure with higher expansion ratio and cell. The obtained results show that the supramolecular polymer can be foamed with appropriate cellular structure integrity and uniform cell size distribution at 90°C, 9 MPa, and 4.5 mol% UPy content.
On the photophysical model for polyenes: Experimental evidence of the 1,8‐diphenylocta‐1,3,5,7‐tetraene molecule dissolved in n‐octane, cyclooctane, and 2,2,4‐trimethylpentane
Authors: Catalán Javier 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSpectroscopic evidence recorded in solutions of diphenyloctatetraene in n‐octane, cyclooctane, and 2,2,4‐trimethylpentane by sudden immersion of the sample at 77 K or by changing the solution temperature slowly between 293 and 77 K allow us to conclude that the distinct spectroscopic behavior of the polyene compounds, on extending its polyene chain, does not lie in the existence of a ghost state 21Ag, as first excited electronic state of the system, but resides in a structural problem that influences whether its first electronic transition for absorption can be monitored or not at its lowest vibrational levels.
Effect of fetal and infant growth on respiratory symptoms in preterm‐born children
Authors: Lowe John , Kotecha Sarah J. , Watkins William J. , Kotecha Sailesh 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectivesFetal growth and rapid postnatal weight gain are associated with adverse respiratory outcomes in childhood. However, the preterm‐born population is less well studied. We assessed if the increased respiratory symptoms associated with altered fetal growth and infant weight gain were mediated by early factors.Study DesignWe used data from our cohort of preterm‐ and term‐born (n = 4284 and 2865) children, aged 1‐10 years. Respiratory outcomes obtained from a respiratory questionnaire were regressed on measures of fetal growth and infant weight gain, defined as >0.67 SD change in fetal measurement or weight between birth and nine months of age, then adjusted for covariates. We used mediation analysis to investigate which variables were effect modifiers.ResultsAccelerated fetal growth between the 1st trimester and birth (OR 2.01; 95%CI 1.25, 2.32), and between the 2nd trimester and birth (1.60; 1.15, 2.22) was associated with increased wheeze‐ever in preterm‐born children. Rapid infant weight gain was associated with increased wheeze‐ever (1.22; 1.02, 1.45); children born ≤32 weeks’ gestation exhibiting rapid weight gain had fivefold higher risk of wheeze‐ever compared to term‐born without weight gain. Current maternal smoking and gestational age were identified as candidate mediating effects.ConclusionsOur study suggested that antenatal and postnatal growth rates are important for future respiratory health in preterm‐born children, and that their effects may be mediated by modifiable factors. Minimizing exposure to environmental pollutants, especially maternal tobacco smoking, may improve outcomes.
Robotic Strong's procedure for the treatment of superior mesenteric artery syndrome. Description of surgical technique on occasion of the first reported case in the literature
Authors: Konstantinidis Harilaos , Charisis Christos , Kottos Panagiotis 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackroundSuperior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome (SMAS) is a rare disorder caused by compression of the third portion of the duodenum by the SMA. Once a conservative approach fails, usual surgical strategies include Duodenojejunostomy and Strong's procedure. The latter avoids potential anastomotic risks and complications. Robotic Strong's procedure (RSP) combines both the benefits of a minimal invasive approach and also enchased robotic accuracy and efficacy.MethodsFor a young girl who was unsuccessfully treated conservatively, the paper describes the RSP surgical technique. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report in the literature.ResultsMinimal blood loss, short operative time, short hospital stay and early recovery were the short‐term benefits. Significant weight gain was achieved three months after the surgery.ConclusionBased on primary experience, it is suggested that RSP is a very effective alternative in treating SMAS.
In Vivo MR Imaging of Glioma Recruitment of Adoptive T‐Cells Labeled with NaGdF4‐TAT Nanoprobes
Authors: Zhang Hua , Wu Yue , Wang Jing , Tang Zhongmin , Ren Yan , Ni Dalong , Gao Hongbo , Song Ruixue , Jin Teng , Li Qiao , Bu Wenbo , Yao Zhenwei 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAdoptive T lymphocyte immunotherapy is one of the most promising methods to treat residual lesions after glioma surgery. However, the fate of the adoptively transferred T‐cells in vivo is unclear, hampering the understanding of this emerging therapy. Thus, it is highly desirable to develop noninvasive and quantitative in vivo tracking of these T‐cells to glioma for better identification of the migratory fate and to provide objective evaluation of outcomes of adoptive T‐cell immunotherapy targeting glioma. In this work, ultrasmall T1 MR‐based nanoprobes, NaGdF4‐TAT, as molecular probes with high longitudinal relaxivity (8.93 mm−1 s−1) are designed. By means of HIV‐1 transactivator (TAT) peptides, nearly 95% of the adoptive T‐cells are labeled with the NaGdF4‐TAT nanoprobes without any measurable side effects on the labeled T‐cells, which is remarkably superior to that of the control fluorescein isothiocyanate‐NaGdF4 concerning labeling efficacy. Labeled adoptive T‐cell clusters can be sensitively tracked in an orthotopic GL261‐glioma model 24 h after intravenous infusion of 107 labeled T‐cells by T1‐weighted MR imaging. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments show that the NaGdF4‐TAT nanoprobes labeling of T‐cells may be a promising method to track adoptive T‐cells to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology in adoptive immunotherapy for gliomas.
Daily variation of NTBC and its relation to succinylacetone in tyrosinemia type 1 patients comparing a single dose to two doses a day
Authors: Kienstra Nienke S. , van Reemst Hannah E. , van Ginkel Willem G. , Daly Anne , van Dam Esther , MacDonald Anita , Burgerhof Johannes G. M. , de Blaauw Pim , McKiernan Patrick J. , Heiner‐Fokkema M. Rebecca , van Spronsen Francjan J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntroductionIn hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT1) patients, the dose of NTBC that leads to the absence of toxic metabolites such as succinylacetone (SA) is still unknown. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the variation and concentrations of 2‐(2‐nitro‐4‐trifluormethyl‐benzyl)‐1,3‐cyclohexanedione (NTBC) during the day in relation to the detection of SA, while comparing different dosing regimens.MethodsAll patients were treated with NTBC (mean 1.08 ± 0.34 mg/kg/day) and a low phenylalanine‐tyrosine diet. Thirteen patients received a single dose of NTBC and five patients twice daily. Home bloodspots were collected four times daily for three consecutive days measuring NTBC and SA concentrations. Statistical analyses were performed by using mixed model analyses and generalized linear mixed model analyses to study variation and differences in NTBC concentrations and the correlation with SA, respectively.ResultsNTBC concentrations varied significantly during the day especially if NTBC was taken at breakfast only (p = 0.026), although no significant difference in NTBC concentrations between different dosing regimens could be found (p = 0.289). Momentary NTBC concentrations were negatively correlated with SA (p < 0.001). Quantitatively detectable SA was only found in subjects with once daily administration of NTBC and associated with momentary NTBC concentrations <44.3 μmol/l.DiscussionNTBC could be less stable than previously considered, thus dosing NTBC once daily and lower concentrations may be less adequate. Further research including more data is necessary to establish the optimal dosing of NTBC.
Health Care Workers’ Use and Cleaning of X‐Ray Aprons and Thyroid Shields
Authors: Honigsberg Hope , Speroni Karen Gabel , Fishback Anna , Stafford Amy 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe evaluated the use and cleaning of x‐ray aprons and thyroid shields by surveying rural hospital system health care workers who wear x‐ray aprons and thyroid shields. One hundred fifty‐five of the 173 respondents were RNs (89.6%), and 94 respondents were from inpatient or outpatient surgical settings (54.3%). One hundred thirty‐five respondents (78.0%) reported soiled x‐ray aprons or thyroid shields, and 52 (30.1%) reported shield odors. Eighty‐three participants (48.0%) indicated they never spot cleaned. Standard department cleaning never occurred for 37 x‐ray aprons or thyroid shields (21.4%); and 114 x‐ray aprons or thyroid shields (65.9%) contacted a patient or patient item 1 to 10 times per shift. Twenty‐six participants (15%) specified there were policies and procedures for cleaning x‐ray aprons and thyroid shields. Use of evidence‐based cleaning guidelines and manufacturer's requirements for effective spot and standard cleaning of the protective aprons and thyroid shields are warranted.