bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical stimulation improved cognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury in rats
Authors: Zheng Zhi‐tong , Dong Xin‐long , Li Ya‐dan , Gao Wei‐wei , Zhou Yuan , Jiang Rong‐cai , Yue Shu‐yuan , Zhou Zi‐wei , Zhang Jian‐ning 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionCognitive deficits associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) reduce patient quality of life. However, to date, there have been no effective treatments for TBI‐associated cognitive deficits. In this study, we aimed to determine whether electrical stimulation (ES) improves cognitive deficits in TBI rats.MethodsRats were randomly divided into three groups: the Sham control group, electrical stimulation group (ES group), and No electrical stimulation control group (N‐ES group). Following fluid percussion injury, the rats in the ES group received ES treatment for 3 weeks. Potent cognitive function‐relevant factors, including the escape latency, time percentage in the goal quadrant, and numbers of CD34+ cells, von Willebrand Factor+ (vWF+) vessels, and circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), were subsequently assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) test, immunohistochemical staining, and flow cytometry.ResultsCompared with the rats in the N‐ES group, the rats in the ES group exhibited a shorter escape latency on day 3 (p = .025), day 4 (p = .011), and day 5 (p = .003), as well as a higher time percentage in the goal quadrant (p = .025) in the MWM test. After 3 weeks of ES, there were increased numbers of CD34+ cells (p = .008) and vWF+ vessels (p = .000) in the hippocampus of injured brain tissue in the ES group compared with those in the N‐ES group. Moreover, ES also significantly increased the number of EPCs in the peripheral blood from days 3 to 21 after TBI in the ES group (p < .05).ConclusionsTaken together, these findings suggest that ES may improve cognitive deficits induced by TBI, and this protective effect may be a result, in part, of enhanced angiogenesis, which may be attributed to the increased mobilization of EPCs in peripheral blood.
Investigation of the COMT Val158Met variant association with age of onset of psychosis, adjusting for cannabis use
Authors: Lodhi Rohit J. , Wang Yabing , Rossolatos David , MacIntyre Georgina , Bowker Alexandra , Crocker Candice , Ren Hongyan , Dimitrijevic Aleksandra , Bugbee Darren A. , Loverock Alexandra , Majeau Brett , Sivapalan Sudhakar , Newton Virginia M. , Tibbo Philip , Purdon Scot E. , Aitchison Katherine J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveCOMT rs4680 (Val158Met) genotype moderates the effect of cannabis on the age of onset of psychosis (AoP). We investigated the association between rs4680 and AoP, after adjusting for relevant covariates, in a Canadian Caucasian sample.MethodsOne hundred and sixty‐nine subjects with psychosis were recruited. AoP, defined as age of DSM‐IV diagnosis was established using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV. Cannabis use data were collected using a self‐report computerized questionnaire. DNA was extracted from saliva and genotyping of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism was done by SNaPshot and TaqMan assays. Logistic regression and Kaplan–Meier analysis results are reported.ResultsIn those who had used cannabis before 20 years of age, rs4680 had a trend level effect on AoP (median AoP: Val/Val < Val/Met < Met/Met 19.37, 20.95, 21.24 years, respectively; log‐rank test p = .051).ConclusionOur data are indicative of the need to further investigate the association between the COMT rs4680 variant and AoP in the context of adolescent cannabis use.
Countywide implementation of crisis intervention teams: Multiple methods, measures and sustained outcomes
Authors: Kubiak Sheryl , Comartin Erin , Milanovic Edita , Bybee Deborah , Tillander Elizabeth , Rabaut Celeste , Bisson Heidi , Dunn Lisa M. , Bouchard Michael J. , Hill Todd , Schneider Steven 
Published: October 2017

The crisis intervention team (CIT) is a tool that can be used to foster pre‐booking diversion of individuals with mental illness from the criminal justice system and into community treatment services. Although CIT is often implemented solely as the training of law enforcement officers, the model stipulates that CIT is a vehicle for collaboration with community stakeholders who share a similar philosophy, as well as expanded mental health services offering a 24 hour–seven days per week drop‐off option for law enforcement officers. This case study presents the countywide implementation of CIT and expands previous findings on the prevalence of officer interaction with persons with mental health issues and CIT training outcomes, including changes in officer perception of individuals with mental health issues. Furthermore, analysis of the disposition of calls for officer assistance coded as mental health or suicide found significant increases in officer drop‐offs to the mental health crisis center post‐CIT training. Interrupted time series analysis determined that this change has been sustained over time, perhaps owing to the unique communication between county law enforcement and mental health staff. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
Labelling Proteins with Carbon Nanodots
Authors: Rao Chethana , Khan Syamantak , Verma Navneet C. , Nandi Chayan Kanti 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe present efficient labelling of several proteins with orange‐emissive carbon dots. N‐Hydroxysuccinimide was used to activate the carboxyl groups of carbon dots, which subsequently reacted with the lysine groups present on the protein. Labelling was confirmed by UV absorption spectroscopy, PAGE and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Protein‐conjugated carbon dots showed an enhancement in fluorescence lifetime and intensity owing to reduced intramolecular dynamic fluctuations. Single‐molecule fluorescence measurements showed reduced fluorescence fluctuations and higher photon budget after protein tagging. Our study opens up opportunities to use carbon dots as highly precise biolabelling probes.
Robotic simultaneous resection of rectal cancer and liver metastases
Authors: Sunil Supreet , Restrepo Juliana , Azin Arash , Hirpara Dhruvin , Cleary Sean , Cleghorn Michelle C. , Wei Alice , Quereshy Fayez A. 
Published: October 2017

Key Clinical MessageSurgical resection is the only potential cure for colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases (SLM). Simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer and SLM using robotic‐assistance has been rarely reported. We demonstrate that robotic‐assisted simultaneous resection of colorectal cancer and SLMs is feasible, safe, and has potential to demonstrate good oncologic outcomes.
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in an adult patient with Glanzmann thrombasthenia
Authors: Cid Ana R. , Montesinos Pau , Sánchez‐Guiu Isabel , Haya Saturnino , Lorenzo Jose I. , Sanz Jaime , Moscardo Federico , Puig Nieves , Planelles Dolores , Bonanad Santiago , Sanz Guillermo F. , Vicente Vicente , González‐Manchón Consuelo , Lozano María L. , Rivera José , Sanz Miguel A. 
Published: October 2017

Key Clinical MessageGlanzmann thrombasthenia is a rare bleeding disorder that can present life‐threatening bleeding. Our patients develop antiplatelet antibodies that become refractory to any pharmacological treatment. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation is the only currently curative procedure, but has major risks mainly in adult; indeed, our patient died.
Highly Interconnected Macroporous and Transparent Indium Tin Oxide Electrode
Authors: Mierzwa Maciej , Lamouroux Emmanuel , Durand Pierrick , Etienne Mathieu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA macroporous indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode has been obtained by electrospinning nanofibers from polyvinylpyrrolidone and ITO precursors on a fused silica substrate covered by polystyrene, followed by a heat treatment that induced a drastic modification in the material texture. The resulting electrode structure is consisting of highly interconnected nanofilaments of sizes between 70 and 170 nm. The electrode is robust, fixed to the substrate, transparent in the visible light region, and possesses excellent electrochemical properties in comparison to a planar ITO electrode, that is, improved reversibility with ferrocenedimethanol and greatly enhanced oxidation for ascorbic acid. SEM and XRD measurements confirm ITO formation. This porous ITO electrode can be modified electrochemically with mesostructured methylated silica and applied to a combined electrochemical and spectral detection of industrial dyes (methylene blue, Meldola's blue, and methylene green) from water. For methylene blue analysis, a linear range of detection between 20 nM and 2 μM and a limit of detection of 17 nM are observed. Finally, the spectroelectrochemical analysis of a solution with mixed dyes has been performed.
On the Mechanism of Scanning Electrochemical Potential Microscopy
Authors: Friedl Jochen , Gu Jingying , Stimming Ulrich , Horrocks Benjamin R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractScanning electrochemical potential microscopy (SECPM) is a type of probe microscopy, in which a sharp tip similar to those employed in electrochemical tunnelling microscopy is connected to a high impedance amplifier, but the tip potential instead of tip current is used as the signal in the feedback loop. SECPM has been found to provide much higher spatial resolution than would be expected on the basis of a mechanism in which the tip responds to the local electrochemical potential of the solution; in fact, it can obtain atomic resolution similar to STM, but is a superior technique for imaging electronically insulating objects such as proteins on a metal surface. We suggest a mechanism for these high‐resolution images based on electron exchange between tip and substrate coupled to faradaic processes at the tip/solution interface. This mechanism operates alongside the conventional mechanism in which the tip responds to the local potential in the diffuse layer of the substrate and allows a simple description of the sigmoidal tip potential−distance curves that have been reported.
Bilayer Vesicles as a Noncovalent Immobilization Platform of Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion in Neutral Aqueous Media
Authors: Chung Min‐Wen , Liu Yu‐Chiao , Yen Tao‐Hung , Chiang Ming‐Hsi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe show that synthetic [FeFe]‐hydrogenase mimics embedded within liposomes can be immobilized on high‐surface‐area carbon blacks for the construction of a three‐dimensional (3D) electrode for H2 production in neutral aqueous media. In this design, the bilayer vesicles (liposomes) serve as a water‐insoluble electrocatalyst carrier, facilitating access of the embedded catalysts to aqueous solution. Fast electron‐transfer rates and low overpotentials are achieved compared to water‐soluble catalysts. The electron‐transfer rate constant between the embedded [(μ‐bdt)Fe2(CO)6] (bdt=1,2‐benzenedithiolate; 1) and the electrode is estimated to be 1.33±0.15 s−1. Immobilized [(μ,κ2‐bdt‐Me)(μ‐PPh2)Fe2(CO)5] (Me=methyl; 3) is able to catalyze H2 production in Na2SO4(aq) solution (pH=7) at −1.06 V (vs. SHE) with an overpotential of approximately 400 mV. The reported general method for the construction of 3D electrodes paves the way to potential applications of molecular catalysts in energy devices.
Selecting the number of factors in principal component analysis by permutation testing—Numerical and practical aspects
Authors: Vitale Raffaele , Westerhuis Johan A. , Næs Tormod , Smilde Age K. , de Noord Onno E. , Ferrer Alberto 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSelecting the correct number of factors in principal component analysis (PCA) is a critical step to achieve a reasonable data modelling, where the optimal strategy strictly depends on the objective PCA is applied for. In the last decades, much work has been devoted to methods like Kaiser's eigenvalue greater than 1 rule, Velicer's minimum average partial rule, Cattell's scree test, Bartlett's chi‐square test, Horn's parallel analysis, and cross‐validation. However, limited attention has been paid to the possibility of assessing the significance of the calculated components via permutation testing. That may represent a feasible approach in case the focus of the study is discriminating relevant from nonsystematic sources of variation and/or the aforementioned methodologies cannot be resorted to (eg, when the analysed matrices do not fulfill specific properties or statistical assumptions). The main aim of this article is to provide practical insights for an improved understanding of permutation testing, highlighting its pros and cons, mathematically formalising the numerical procedure to be abided by when applying it for PCA factor selection by the description of a novel algorithm developed to this end, and proposingad hocsolutions for optimising computational time and efficiency.
Experimental and Theoretical Interpretation on the Magnetic Behavior in a Series of Pentagonal‐Bipyramidal DyIII Single‐Ion Magnets
Authors: Li Min , Wu Haipeng , Yang Qi , Ke Hongshan , Yin Bing , Shi Quan , Wang Wenyuan , Wei Qing , Xie Gang , Chen Sanping 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTaking advantage of the steric hindrance and charge‐driving effects, four air‐stable pentagonal bipyramidal mononuclear DyIII compounds were hydrothermally synthesized. With a tetradentate ligand, N,N′‐bis(2‐methylenepyridinyl)ethylenediamine (Bpen), invariably coordinates to DyIII in an equatorial plan, 1–3 achieve an orderly transformation of the ligand field by sequentially replacing the remaining sites of the DyIII ion. Compound 4 possesses the same coordination atoms but a different peripheral coordination sphere with 3. Magnetic characterizations display that the compounds are field‐induced single‐ion magnets (SIM) with actually low barriers, even though 2 has both the same atoms and a similar geometry of the first sphere compared with [Dy(bbpen)Cl] (2′, H2bbpen=N,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxybenzyl)‐N,N′‐bis(2‐methylpyridyl)ethylenediamin), a high‐performance SIM previously reported. Detailed ab initio calculations have been employed to further elucidate the electronic and magnetic structure of the low‐lying energy levels of compounds 1–4 and 2′. The theoretical results indicate there is an apparent difference in the electronic structure for these compounds. The analysis on the electrostatic potential further demonstrates that although the pentagonal bipyramidal D5h is one of the ideal configurations expected, the electron density of the donor atoms from the different hybridizations and other functional groups, outside the first sphere, should also be considered in the rational design of promising molecular magnets.
Synthesis and Demonstration of the Biological Relevance of sp3‐rich Scaffolds Distantly Related to Natural Product Frameworks
Authors: Foley Daniel J. , Craven Philip G. E. , Collins Patrick M. , Doveston Richard G. , Aimon Anthony , Talon Romain , Churcher Ian , von Delft Frank , Marsden Stephen P. , Nelson Adam 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe productive exploration of chemical space is an enduring challenge in chemical biology and medicinal chemistry. Natural products are biologically relevant, and their frameworks have facilitated chemical tool and drug discovery. A “top‐down” synthetic approach is described that enabled a range of complex bridged intermediates to be converted with high step efficiency into 26 diverse sp3‐rich scaffolds. The scaffolds have local natural product‐like features, but are only distantly related to specific natural product frameworks. To assess biological relevance, a set of 52 fragments was prepared, and screened by high‐throughput crystallography against three targets from two protein families (ATAD2, BRD1 and JMJD2D). In each case, 3D fragment hits were identified that would serve as distinctive starting points for ligand discovery. This demonstrates that frameworks that are distantly related to natural products can facilitate discovery of new biologically relevant regions within chemical space.
Spectroscopic and Theoretical Characterization of Through‐Space Conjugation of Foldamers with a Tetraphenylethene Hinge
Authors: Luo Wenwen , Nie Han , He Bairong , Zhao Zujin , Peng Qian , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThrough‐space conjugation is an important noncovalent interaction in artificial materials and biomacromolecules. Establishing relationships between geometry and property is of high significance to provide deeper insights into this phenomenon. In this work, we have focused on the through‐space conjugation in a new class of foldamers with a folded tetraphenylethene core. We have studied its impact on the photophysical properties through experimental measurements and theoretical calculations. It is found that the through‐space conjugation makes significant contributions to the short‐wavelength absorption in these foldamers. Moreover, these foldamers exhibit aggregation‐enhanced emission (AEE) and apparent blue shifts in their emission spectra on going from solution to aggregates. The structural changes are smaller in the aggregated state than those in the isolated state during the excited‐state relaxation process, which results in lower re‐organization energies. This accounts for the blueshifted and enhanced emissions in the aggregates.
Tuning Electron Flux through Nitrogenase with Methanogen Iron Protein Homologues
Authors: Hiller Caleb J. , Stiebritz Martin T. , Lee Chi Chung , Liedtke Jasper , Hu Yilin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNitrogenase uses a reductase component called Fe protein to deliver electrons to its catalytic partner for substrate reduction. The essential role of Fe protein in catalysis makes it an ideal target for regulating the electron flux and enzymatic activity of nitrogenase without perturbing the cofactor site. This work reports that hybrids between the Fe protein homologs of Methanosarcina acetivorans and the catalytic components of Azotobacter vinelandii can trap substrate CO through reduced electron fluxes. In addition, homology modeling/in silico docking is used to define markers for binding energy and specificity between the component proteins that correlate with the experimentally determined activities. This homologue‐based approach could be further developed to allow identification or design of hybrids between homologous nitrogenase components for mechanistic investigations of nitrogenase through capture of substrates/ intermediates or for transgenic expression of nitrogenase through synthetic biology.
Trust model for reliable node allocation based on daily computer usage behavior
Authors: Shang Yizi , Shang Ling 
Published: October 2017

SummaryResource volatility is a major challenge on desktop grid platforms with characteristics that primarily depend on human computer usage behavior. This study proposes a trust model based on Dempster–Shafer theory that predicts the relative reliability of nodes using information on daily computer usage behavior based on the historical information from a desktop grid platform for a desktop grid. In the proposed trust model, called TM‐DG, a degree of trustworthiness is introduced for the nodes to quantify their reliability. Dempster's rule of combination is also applied to exploit two bodies of independent evidence: 1) current node availability as actively probed by a special test node and 2) proportion of allocated tasks successfully completed. The simulations performed on a lightweight desktop grid platform illustrate how TM‐DG can fully utilize the most reliable nodes for a given computation, leading to a reduction in the communication overhead and an improvement in the computing power of the platform.
Nature and Strength of the Inner‐Core H⋅⋅⋅H Interactions in Porphyrinoids
Authors: Singh Ankit , Sahoo Dipak Kumar , Sethi Srikant Kumar , Jena Subhrakant , Biswal Himansu S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSeveral recent publications have illustrated that electrostatic attraction is not solely responsible for strong hydrogen bonds. Even electropositive and less electronegative atoms such as Te and Se are capable of forming strong H‐bonds. Herein, we provide evidence for intramolecular homopolar dihydrogen bonds [HOMO‐DHBs; X−N(C)−Hδ+⋅⋅⋅δ+H−N(C)−Y] in porphyrins and related compounds for the first time; these bonds are revealed by careful Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) exploration, quantum theory of atoms in molecules, compliance constant calculations, and natural bond orbital and noncovalent interaction (NCI) analysis. A search of the CSD showed that the inner‐core hydrogen atom distances were less than 2.5 Å (sum of the van der Waals radii of two hydrogen atoms is 2.4 Å) in porphyrinoids, i.e. about 75 % of the cases. This suggested an attractive interaction between hydrogen atoms carrying a positive charge, which was further supported by quantum‐chemical calculations. The HOMO‐DHB energy in some cases was found to be as much as around 20 kJ mol−1, which is comparable to that of any conventional H‐bond energy such as for the NH3 dimer. The interplay between hyperconjugative attraction and steric constraint favorably decided the strength of the HOMO‐DHBs. We expect that HOMO‐DHBs could be revealed in many more systems, such as corroles, phlorins, crown ethers, and constrained systems having hydrogen atoms in close contact, and could be an important noncovalent interaction to consider in supramolecular chemistry.
Controlling Non‐Equilibrium Structure Formation on the Nanoscale
Authors: Buchmann Benedikt , Hecht Fabian Manfred , Pernpeintner Carla , Lohmueller Theobald , Bausch Andreas R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractControlling the structure formation of gold nanoparticle aggregates is a promising approach towards novel applications in many fields, ranging from (bio)sensing to (bio)imaging to medical diagnostics and therapeutics. To steer structure formation, the DNA–DNA interactions of DNA strands that are coated on the surface of the particles have become a valuable tool to achieve precise control over the interparticle potentials. In equilibrium approaches, this technique is commonly used to study particle crystallization and ligand binding. However, regulating the structural growth processes from the nano‐ to the micro‐ and mesoscale remains elusive. Here, we show that the non‐equilibrium structure formation of gold nanoparticles can be stirred in a binary heterocoagulation process to generate nanoparticle clusters of different sizes. The gold nanoparticles are coated with sticky single stranded DNA and mixed at different stoichiometries and sizes. This not only allows for structural control but also yields access to the optical properties of the nanoparticle suspensions. As a result, we were able to reliably control the kinetic structure formation process to produce cluster sizes between tens of nanometers up to micrometers. Consequently, the intricate optical properties of the gold nanoparticles could be utilized to control the maximum of the nanoparticle suspension extinction spectra between 525 nm and 600 nm.