bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults with liver function injury in rural area of Southwest China: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zeng Hui , Lin Hui , Liu Wenyi , Wang Jia , Wang Lingqiao , Zheng Chuanfen , Tan Yao , Huang Yujing , He Lixiong , Luo Jiaohua , Pu Chaowen , Zhang Renping , Yang Xiaohong , Tian Yingqiao , Qiu Zhiqun , Chen Ji-an , Luo Yang , Feng Xiaobin , Xiao Guosheng , Wu Liping , Shu Weiqun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAbnormal liver function (ALF) plays a key role in metabolic syndrome (MetS), but only few data on the relationship between MetS and the risk factors for ALF (e.g., biotoxins) are available. We aimed to provide the prevalence of MetS and its association with the risk factors for ALF in rural area of Southwest China. A cross-sectional study within the hepatocellular carcinoma cohort was conducted, and included 5493 people with age from 30 to 85 years old. MetS was defined according to the Joint Scientific Statement. We observed that the prevalence of MetS was 31.8% (39.0% in women and 19.8% in men). Logistic regression analysis showed that significantly increased risk of MetS was found in those showing ALF (OR = 3.00, 95% CI: 2.43–3.71). Significantly decreased risk of MetS was found in those with higher HBV DNA titers (OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.33–0.74), and in those with higher aflatoxin B1 exposure (estimated daily intake, EDI) (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.53–0.67). No significant change was found in those with higher microcystin-LR exposure (EDI). Therefore, the different risk factors for ALF might exert different effects on MetS. However, there should be an interaction effect existing that might decide the severity of MetS.
The Resilience of Life to Astrophysical Events
Authors: Sloan David , Alves Batista Rafael , Loeb Abraham 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMuch attention has been given in the literature to the effects of astrophysical events on human and land-based life. However, little has been discussed on the resilience of life itself. Here we instead explore the statistics of events that completely sterilise an Earth-like planet with planet radii in the range 0.5–1.5R⊕ and temperatures of ∼300 K, eradicating all forms of life. We consider the relative likelihood of complete global sterilisation events from three astrophysical sources – supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, large asteroid impacts, and passing-by stars. To assess such probabilities we consider what cataclysmic event could lead to the annihilation of not just human life, but also extremophiles, through the boiling of all water in Earth’s oceans. Surprisingly we find that although human life is somewhat fragile to nearby events, the resilience of Ecdysozoa such as Milnesium tardigradum renders global sterilisation an unlikely event.
Latitudinal cline of chronotype
Authors: Leocadio-Miguel Mario André , Louzada Fernando Mazzili , Duarte Leandro Lourenção , Areas Roberta Peixoto , Alam Marilene , Freire Marcelo Ventura , Fontenele-Araujo John , Menna-Barreto Luiz , Pedrazzoli Mario 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe rotation of the Earth around its own axis and around the sun determines the characteristics of the light/dark cycle, the most stable and ancient 24 h temporal cue for all organisms. Due to the tilt in the earth’s axis in relation to the plane of the earth’s orbit around the sun, sunlight reaches the Earth differentially depending on the latitude. The timing of circadian rhythms varies among individuals of a given population and biological and environmental factors underlie this variability. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that latitude is associated to the regulation of circadian rhythm in humans. We have studied chronotype profiles across latitudinal cline from around 0° to 32° South in Brazil in a sample of 12,884 volunteers living in the same time zone. The analysis of the results revealed that humans are sensitive to the different sunlight signals tied to differences in latitude, resulting in a morning to evening latitudinal cline of chronotypes towards higher latitudes.
The essential role of TAp73 in bortezomib-induced apoptosis in p53-deficient colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Dabiri Yasamin , Kalman Sara , Gürth Clara-Marie , Kim Jee Young , Mayer Viola , Cheng Xinlai 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMutations in the tumor suppressor p53 are among the most highly occurring events in colorectal cancer (CRC). Such mutations have been shown to influence the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. However their impact on the efficacy of the proteasomal inhibitor bortezomib remains controversial. We thus re-evaluated the toxicity of bortezomib in the CRC cell lines HCT116 wt (wild-type) and its p53−/− clone. Transient resistance to bortezomib treatment was observed in p53-null cells that was later accompanied by an increase in levels and nuclear translocation of TAp73, an isoform of the p53-homologue p73, as well as induction of apoptosis. Knockdown of p73 in p53−/− cells using CRISPR/Cas9 significantly prolonged the duration of resistance. Moreover, similar results were observed in HT-29 cells carrying mutated p53, but not human fibroblasts with expression of functional p53. Thus, our results clearly demonstrated that TAp73 served as a substitute for p53 in bortezomib-induced apoptosis in p53-deficient or mutated cells, implicating that TAp73 could be a potential therapeutic target for treatment of CRCs, in particular those lacking functional p53.
Conformational Transitions of the Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Receptor, a Human Class B GPCR
Authors: Liao Chenyi , Zhao Xiaochuan , Brewer Matthias , May Victor , Li Jianing 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe G protein-coupled pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptor (PAC1R) is a potential therapeutic target for endocrine, metabolic and stress-related disorders. However, many questions regarding the protein structure and dynamics of PAC1R remain largely unanswered. Using microsecond-long simulations, we examined the open and closed PAC1R conformations interconnected within an ensemble of transitional states. The open-to-closed transition can be initiated by “unzipping” the extracellular domain and the transmembrane domain, mediated by a unique segment within the β3-β4 loop. Transitions between different conformational states range between microseconds to milliseconds, which clearly implicate allosteric effects propagating from the extracellular face of the receptor to the intracellular G protein-binding site. Such allosteric dynamics provides structural and mechanistic insights for the activation and modulation of PAC1R and related class B receptors.
Microplastics in eviscerated flesh and excised organs of dried fish
Authors: Karami Ali , Golieskardi Abolfazl , Ho Yu Bin , Larat Vincent , Salamatinia Babak 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThere is a paucity of information about the occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in edible fish tissues. Here, we investigated the potential presence of MPs in the excised organs (viscera and gills) and eviscerated flesh (whole fish excluding the viscera and gills) of four commonly consumed dried fish species (n = 30 per species). The MP chemical composition was then determined using micro-Raman spectroscopy and elemental analysis with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Out of 61 isolated particles, 59.0% were plastic polymers, 21.3% were pigment particles, 6.55% were non-plastic items (i.e. cellulose or actinolite), while 13.1% remained unidentified. The level of heavy metals on MPs or pigment particles were below the detection limit. Surprisingly, in two species, the eviscerated flesh contained higher MP loads than the excised organs, which highlights that evisceration does not necessarily eliminate the risk of MP intake by consumers. Future studies are encouraged to quantify anthropogenic particle loads in edible fish tissues.
A facile synthetic strategy for iron, aniline-based non-precious metal catalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
Authors: Lee Hyunjoon , Kim Min Jeong , Lim Taeho , Sung Yung-Eun , Kim Hyun-Jong , Lee Ho-Nyun , Kwon Oh Joong , Cho Yong-Hun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe development of a low cost and highly active alternative to the commercial Pt/C catalysts used in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) requires a facile and environmentally-friendly synthesis process to facilitate large-scale production and provide an effective replacement. Transition metals, in conjunction with nitrogen-doped carbon, are among the most promising substitute catalysts because of their high activity, inexpensive composition, and high carbon monoxide tolerance. We prepared a polyaniline-derived Fe-N-C catalyst for oxygen reduction using a facile one-pot process with no additional reagents. This process was carried out by ultrasonicating a mixture containing an iron precursor, an aniline monomer, and carbon black. The half-wave potential of the synthesized Fe-N-C catalyst for the ORR was only 10 mV less than that of a commercial Pt/C catalyst. The optimized Fe-N-C catalyst showed outstanding performance in a practical anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC), suggesting its potential as an alternative to commercial Pt/C catalysts for the ORR.
Screening of microalgae for integral biogas slurry nutrient removal and biogas upgrading by different microalgae cultivation technology
Authors: Wang Xue , Bao Keting , Cao Weixing , Zhao Yongjun , Hu Chang Wei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe microalgae-based technology has been developed to reduce biogas slurry nutrients and upgrade biogas simultaneously. In this work, five microalgal strains named Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus, Selenastrum capricornutum, Nitzschia palea, and Anabaena spiroides under mono- and co-cultivation were used for biogas upgrading. Optimum biogas slurry nutrient reduction could be achieved by co-cultivating microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Nitzschia palea) with fungi using the pelletization technology. In addition, the effects of different ratio of mixed LED light wavelengths applying mixed light-emitting diode during algae strains and fungi co-cultivation on CO2 and biogas slurry nutrient removal efficiency were also investigated. The results showed that the COD (chemical oxygen demand), TN (total nitrogen), and TP (total phosphorus) removal efficiency were 85.82 ± 5.37%, 83.31 ± 4.72%, and 84.26 ± 5.58%, respectively at red: blue = 5:5 under the co-cultivation of S. obliquus and fungi. In terms of biogas upgrading, CH4 contents were higher than 90% (v/v) for all strains, except the co-cultivation with S. obliquus and fungi at red: blue = 3:7. The results indicated that co-cultivation of microalgae with fungi under mixed light wavelengths treatments was most successful in nutrient removal from wastewater and biogas upgrading.
Ageing and latent CMV infection impact on maturation, differentiation and exhaustion profiles of T-cell receptor gammadelta T-cells
Authors: Kallemeijn Martine J. , Boots Anne Mieke H. , van der Klift Michèle Y. , Brouwer Elisabeth , Abdulahad Wayel H. , Verhaar Jan A. N. , van Dongen Jacques J. M. , Langerak Anton W. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAgeing is a broad cellular process, largely affecting the immune system, especially T-lymphocytes. Additionally to immunosenescence alone, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is thought to have major impacts on T-cell subset composition and exhaustion. These impacts have been studied extensively in TCRαβ+ T-cells, with reduction in naive, increase in effector (memory) subsets and shifts in CD4/CD8-ratios, in conjunction with morbidity and mortality in elderly. Effects of both ageing and CMV on the TCRγδ+ T-cell compartment remain largely elusive. In the current study we investigated Vγ- and Vδ-usage, maturation, differentiation and exhaustion marker profiles of both CD4 and CD8 double-negative (DN) and CD8+TCRγδ+ T-cells in 157 individuals, age range 20–95. We observed a progressive decrease in absolute numbers of total TCRγδ+ T-cells in blood, affecting the predominant Vγ9/Vδ2 population. Aged TCRγδ+ T-cells appeared to shift from naive to more (late-stage) effector phenotypes, which appeared more prominent in case of persistent CMV infections. In addition, we found effects of both ageing and CMV on the absolute counts of exhausted TCRγδ+ T-cells. Collectively, our data show a clear impact of ageing and CMV persistence on DN and CD8+TCRγδ+ T-cells, similar to what has been reported in CD8+TCRαβ+ T-cells, indicating that they undergo similar ageing processes.
Combined deletion and DNA methylation result in silencing of FAM107A gene in laryngeal tumors
Authors: Kiwerska Katarzyna , Szaumkessel Marcin , Paczkowska Julia , Bodnar Magdalena , Byzia Ewa , Kowal Ewelina , Kostrzewska-Poczekaj Magdalena , Janiszewska Joanna , Bednarek Kinga , Jarmuż-Szymczak Małgorzata , Kalinowicz Ewelina , Wierzbicka Małgorzata , Grenman Reidar , Szyfter Krzysztof , Marszałek Andrzej , Giefing Maciej 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLarynx squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is characterized by complex genotypes, with numerous abnormalities in various genes. Despite the progress in diagnosis and treatment of this disease, 5-year survival rates remain unsatisfactory. Therefore, the extended studies are conducted, with the aim to find genes, potentially implicated in this cancer. In this study, we focus on the FAM107A (3p14.3) gene, since we found its significantly reduced expression in LSCC by microarray profiling (Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 array). By RT-PCR we have confirmed complete FAM107A downregulation in laryngeal cancer cell lines (15/15) and primary tumors (21/21) and this finding was further supported by FAM107A protein immunohistochemistry (15/15). We further demonstrate that a combined two hit mechanism including loss of 3p and hypermethylation of FAM107A promoter region (in 9/15 cell lines (p < 0.0001) and in 15/21 primary tumors (p < 0.0001)) prevails in the gene transcriptional loss. As a proof of principle, we show that Decitabine - a hypomethylating agent – restores FAM107A expression (5 to 6 fold increase) in the UT-SCC-29 cell line, characterized by high DNA methylation. Therefore, we report the recurrent inactivation of FAM107A in LSCC, what may suggest that the gene is a promising tumor suppressor candidate involved in LSCC development.
Spontaneous Emulsification as a Function of Material Exchange
Authors: Spooner Stephen , Li Zushu , Sridhar Seetharaman 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDirect visualization at 1873 K of 0% to 8% molten FeAl droplets suspended in a SiO2 enriched oxide medium was carried out to image the evolution of droplet morphology during reaction between Al and SiO2. Phenomena such as perturbation growth, necking and budding of offspring droplets from a bulk body are observed. The observations are used to discuss and inform a new approach to the nature of interfacial tension and the impact this has on concepts used to define interfacial tension for a two phase system with material exchange across the interface. The mapping of global interfacial tension coupled with free energy dissipation has been used to give an energetic reasoning as to the behaviour seen with respect to aluminium content in the metal phase.
Suppression of cell migration by phospholipase C-related catalytically inactive protein-dependent modulation of PI3K signalling
Authors: Asano Satoshi , Taniguchi Yuri , Yamawaki Yosuke , Gao Jing , Harada Kae , Takeuchi Hiroshi , Hirata Masato , Kanematsu Takashi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe metabolic processes of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] into PI(3,4,5)P3 and the subsequent PI(3,4,5)P3 signalling are involved in cell migration. Dysfunctions in the control of this pathway can cause human cancer cell migration and metastatic growth. Here we investigated whether phospholipase C-related catalytically inactive protein (PRIP), a PI(4,5)P2-binding protein, regulates cancer cell migration. PRIP overexpression in MCF-7 and BT-549 human breast cancer cells inhibited cell migration in vitro and metastasis development in vivo. Overexpression of the PRIP pleckstrin homology domain, a PI(4,5)P2 binding motif, in MCF-7 cells caused significant suppression of cell migration. Consistent with these results, in comparison with wild-type cells, Prip-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts exhibited increased cell migration, and this was significantly attenuated upon transfection with a siRNA targeting p110α, a catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks). PI(3,4,5)P3 production was decreased in Prip-overexpressing MCF-7 and BT-549 cells. PI3K binding to PI(4,5)P2 was significantly inhibited by recombinant PRIP in vitro, and thus the activity of PI3K was downregulated. Collectively, PRIP regulates the production of PI(3,4,5)P3 from PI(4,5)P2 by PI3K, and the suppressor activity of PRIP in PI(4,5)P2 metabolism regulates the tumour migration, suggesting PRIP as a promising target for protection against metastatic progression.
Ergodicity breaking on the neuronal surface emerges from random switching between diffusive states
Authors: Weron Aleksander , Burnecki Krzysztof , Akin Elizabeth J. , Solé Laura , Balcerek Michał , Tamkun Michael M. , Krapf Diego 
Published: July 2017

AbstractStochastic motion on the surface of living cells is critical to promote molecular encounters that are necessary for multiple cellular processes. Often the complexity of the cell membranes leads to anomalous diffusion, which under certain conditions it is accompanied by non-ergodic dynamics. Here, we unravel two manifestations of ergodicity breaking in the dynamics of membrane proteins in the somatic surface of hippocampal neurons. Three different tagged molecules are studied on the surface of the soma: the voltage-gated potassium and sodium channels Kv1.4 and Nav1.6 and the glycoprotein CD4. In these three molecules ergodicity breaking is unveiled by the confidence interval of the mean square displacement and by the dynamical functional estimator. Ergodicity breaking is found to take place due to transient confinement effects since the molecules alternate between free diffusion and confined motion.
Annual mass drownings of the Serengeti wildebeest migration influence nutrient cycling and storage in the Mara River
Authors: Subalusky Amanda L. , Dutton Christopher L. , Rosi Emma J. , Post David M. 
Published: July 2017

SignificanceMuch research has focused on the influence of animal migrations on terrestrial ecosystems. Mass drownings are an understudied phenomenon associated with migrations that may have substantial impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Here, we show that mass drownings of wildebeest occur nearly annually during the Serengeti wildebeest migration, and these mass drownings contribute the equivalent biomass of 10 blue whale carcasses per year to this moderately sized river. Soft tissues of the carcass decompose within several weeks and are assimilated by both in-stream and terrestrial consumers. Bones decompose over years, which may influence nutrient cycling and food webs in the river on decadal time scales. The loss of migrations and associated mass drownings may fundamentally alter river ecosystems in ways previously unrecognized.
Place and Person(a)
Authors: Amel Rodica 
Published: July 2017

Without any polemic intention, our present contribution will be concerned with the idea of corporeality as an ontological index, in positive and negative perspective. In the positive perspective, corporeality represents the definitional index of the human person. More specifically, we shall approach the (human) corporeality within the formative process of the person`s consciousness (persona). In order to make relevant our philosophical target, the idea of corporeality will be treated within the semiotic extension of the concept of place / locus (Romanian: loc, Latin: locus, French: lieu/place, Hebrew: makom ‘place/ locus’ — Hamakom ‘the Omnipresent God, the Omnipresent locus’), in conformity with the following three oppositions: (a) place as a physical index vs. human symbol; (b) place with reference to physical persona vs. spiritual persona; (c) place in profane sense vs. sacred sense. In the negative perspective, the absence of corporeality makes relevant a new meaning of the Judaic concept hamakom: Hamakom with the sense of ‘the Omnipresent God, the Omnipresent locus’.
We intend to establish two targets for our research: 1. to follow the process during which the definitional index represents a formative agent of (self) consciousness; and 2. to establish the switching point where hamakom (“the place”) becomes Hamakom ‘the Omnipresent God, the Omnipresent locus’.
Design, synthesis, and taste evaluation of a high-intensity umami-imparting oxazole-based compound
Authors: Amino Yusuke , Tahara Yu-ki , Yamada Kei , Nakazawa Masakazu , Tagami Uno , Tajima Takaho , Kuroda Motonaka 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Umami taste is imparted predominantly by monosodium glutamate (MSG) and 5′-ribonucleotides. Recently, several different classes of hydrophobic umami-imparting compounds, the structures of which are quite different from MSG, have been reported. To obtain a novel umami-imparting compound, N-cinnamoyl phenethylamine was chosen as the lead compound, and a rational structure-optimization study was conducted on the basis of the pharmacophore model of previously reported compounds. The extremely potent umami-imparting compound 2-[[[2-[(1E)-2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)ethenyl]-4-oxazolyle]methoxy]methyl]pyridine, which exhibits 27,000 times the umami taste of MSG, was found. Its terminal pyridine residue and linear structure are suggested to be responsible for its strong activity. The time taken to reach maximum taste intensity exhibited by it, as determined by the time-intensity method, is 22.0 s, whereas the maximum taste intensity of MSG occurs immediately. This distinct difference in the time-course taste profile may be due to the hydrophobicity and strong receptor affinity of the new compound.
What was the message of Friedman’s Presidential Address to the American Economic Association?
Authors: Forder James 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
It is widely accepted that the importance of Friedman’s Presidential Address to the American Economic Association lies in its criticism of policy based on the Phillips curve. However, it is argued here that a reading of the text does not support such a view, and this and other considerations suggest that any such aim was far from Friedman’s mind in 1967. His objective was the quite different one of making a case for policy ‘rules’ rather than ‘discretion’.
Adhesion of dry and wet cribellate capture silk
Authors: Elettro Hervé , Neukirch Sébastien , Antkowiak Arnaud , Vollrath Fritz 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe demonstrate the impressive adhesive qualities of Uloborid spider orbweb capture when dry, which are lost when the nano-filament threads are wetted. A force sensor with a 50 nN–1mN detection sensitively allowed us to measure quantitatively the stress–strain characteristics of native silk threads in both the original dry state and after wetting by controlled application of water mist with droplet sizes ranging between 3 and 5 μm and densities ranging between 104and 105per mm3. Stress forces of between 1 and 5 μN/μm2in the native, dry multifilament thread puffs were reduced to between 0.1 and 0.5 μN/μm2in the wetted collapsed state, with strain displacements reducing from between 2 and 5 mm in the dry to 0.10–0.12mm in the wetted states. We conclude that wetting cribellate threads reduce their van der Waals adhesion with implications on the thread’s adhesive strength under tension. This should be considered when discussing the evolutionary transitions of capture silks from the ancestral dry-state nanofilaments of the cribellate spider taxa to the wet-state glue droplets of the ecribellate taxa.