bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Selectivity in the Hydrogenation of Anilines to Cyclo‐aliphatic Primary Amines over Lithium‐Modified Ru/CNT Catalysts
Authors: Tomkins Patrick , Müller Thomas E. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe hydrogenation of aromatic amines to the corresponding cycloaliphatic primary amines is an important industrial reaction. However, secondary amine formation and other side reactions are frequently observed, resulting in reduced selectivity. The side products are formed mostly on the support, yet support effects are little understood at present. This study describes the facile modification of Ru/CNT catalysts with LiOH, by this means significantly improving catalyst selectivity in toluidine hydrogenation without decreasing the activity of the catalysts. The effect is explained by LiOH diminishing acidic sites on the catalyst support and enhancing the adsorption of the aromatic ring on the metallic ruthenium nanoparticles. With the LiOH‐modified Ru/CNT catalyst, other substrates, such as methylnitrobenzenes, are also converted efficiently. This study thus describes an improved catalyst for the preparation of cyclohexylamines and provides guidelines for future catalyst design.
Bio‐based α,ω‐Functionalized Hydrocarbons from Multi‐step Reaction Sequences with Bio‐ and Metallo‐catalysts Based on the Fatty Acid Decarboxylase OleTJE
Authors: Bojarra Samiro , Reichert Dennis , Grote Marius , Baraibar Álvaro Gómez , Dennig Alexander , Nidetzky Bernd , Mügge Carolin , Kourist Robert 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOleT from Jeotgalicoccus sp. ATCC 8456 catalyzes the decarboxylation of ω‐functionalized fatty acids to the corresponding alkenols, which can themselves serve as starting material for the synthesis of polymers and fine chemicals. To show the versatility of possible reactions, a series of in vitro reaction cascades was developed where an alkenol produced by the decarboxylation of ω‐hydroxy fatty acids can be further converted into alkenylamines and diols. By coupling OleT with an alcohol dehydrogenase or alcohol oxidase as well as an amino‐transaminase, an oxidative decarboxylation followed by the oxidation of the terminal alcohol and a subsequent reductive transamination could be carried out. By using different cofactors or electron sources, the reactions could be performed sequentially or simultaneously. The combination of enzymatic decarboxylation with a ruthenium catalyst in a chemo‐enzymatic cascade provides a novel way to synthesize long‐chain diols.
Use of Pt and Boron‐Doped Diamond Anodes in the Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation of Ponceau SS Diazo Dye in Acidic Sulfate Medium
Authors: dos Santos Alexsandro Jhones , Martínez‐Huitle Carlos A. , Sirés Ignasi , Brillas Enric 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe electrochemical degradation of 2.5 L of Ponceau SS diazo dye solution in acidic sulfate medium has been studied in a pre‐pilot flow plant with a boron‐doped diamond (BDD)/air‐diffusion or Pt/air‐diffusion cell connected to an annular photoreactor. The decolorization and mineralization was enhanced in the order: electrochemical oxidation with electrogenerated H2O2<electro‐Fenton<photoelectro‐Fenton. The two former methods performed better with the BDD anode, whereas the latter yielded similar results for both anodes. From this, the use of less expensive active anodes such as Ti|Pt instead of non‐active BDD for photo‐assisted Fenton‐based electrochemical processes is recommended. In all methods, increasing current density led to a greater degradation rate, but with lower mineralization current efficiency and higher energy consumption. Five primary aromatic products and four final carboxylic acids were detected, along with recalcitrant products poorly removed by hydroxyl radicals and UVA radiation.
Selection and Screening of DNA Aptamers for Inorganic Nanomaterials
Authors: Zhou Yibo , Huang Zhicheng , Yang Ronghua , Liu Juewen 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSearching for DNA sequences that can strongly and selectively bind to inorganic surfaces is a long‐standing topic in bionanotechnology, analytical chemistry and biointerface research. This can be achieved either by aptamer selection starting with a very large library of ≈1014 random DNA sequences, or by careful screening of a much smaller library (usually from a few to a few hundred) with rationally designed sequences. Unlike typical molecular targets, inorganic surfaces often have quite strong DNA adsorption affinities due to polyvalent binding and even chemical interactions. This leads to a very high background binding making aptamer selection difficult. Screening, on the other hand, can be designed to compare relative binding affinities of different DNA sequences and could be more appropriate for inorganic surfaces. The resulting sequences have been used for DNA‐directed assembly, sorting of carbon nanotubes, and DNA‐controlled growth of inorganic nanomaterials. It was recently discovered that poly‐cytosine (C) DNA can strongly bind to a diverse range of nanomaterials including nanocarbons (graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes), various metal oxides and transition‐metal dichalcogenides. In this Concept article, we articulate the need for screening and potential artifacts associated with traditional aptamer selection methods for inorganic surfaces. Representative examples of application are discussed, and a few future research opportunities are proposed towards the end of this article.
Halogenated Alkyltetrazoles for the Rational Design of FeII Spin‐Crossover Materials: Fine‐Tuning of the Ligand Size
Authors: Müller Danny , Knoll Christian , Seifried Marco , Welch Jan M. , Giester Gerald , Reissner Michael , Weinberger Peter 
Published: December 2017

Abstract1‐(3‐Halopropyl)‐1H‐tetrazoles and their corresponding FeII spin‐crossover complexes have been investigated in a combined experimental and theoretical study. Halogen substitution was found to positively influence the spin transition, shifting the transition temperature about 70 K towards room temperature. Halogens located at the ω position were found to be too far away from the coordinating tetrazole moiety to have an electronic impact on the spin transition. The subtle variation of the steric demand of the ligand in a highly comparable series was found to have a comparatively large impact on the spin‐transition behavior, which highlights the sensitivity of the effect to subtle structural changes.
Binding Profiles of Self‐Assembled Supramolecular Cages from ESI‐MS Based Methodology
Authors: Bravin Carlo , Badetti Elena , Puttreddy Rakesh , Pan Fangfang , Rissanen Kari , Licini Giulia , Zonta Cristiano 
Published: December 2017

AbstractConfined molecular environments have peculiar characteristics that make their properties unique in the field of biological and chemical sciences. In recent years, advances in supramolecular capsule and cage synthesis have presented the possibility to interpret the principles behind their self‐assembly and functions, which has led to new molecular systems that display outstanding properties in molecular recognition and catalysis. Herein, we report a rapid method based on ESI‐MS to determine the binding profiles for linear saturated dicarboxylic acids in a series of different cages. The cages were obtained by self‐assembly of modified tris(pyridylmethyl)amine (TPMA) complexes and diamines chosen to explore variations in their size and flexibility. This methodology has provided information on how small changes in the structures of the host and guest can contribute to recognition events. Moreover, it was possible to study molecular systems that contain paramagnetic metals, which are not suitable for classical binding‐constant determination by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Ammonothermal Synthesis and Optical Properties of Ternary Nitride Semiconductors Mg‐IV‐N2, Mn‐IV‐N2 and Li‐IV2‐N3 (IV=Si, Ge)
Authors: Häusler Jonas , Niklaus Robin , Minár Ján , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGrimm–Sommerfeld analogous nitrides MgSiN2, MgGeN2, MnSiN2, MnGeN2, LiSi2N3 and LiGe2N3 (generally classified as II‐IV‐N2 and I‐IV2‐N3) are promising semiconductor materials with great potential for application in (opto)electronics or photovoltaics. A new synthetic approach for these nitride materials was developed using supercritical ammonia as both solvent and nitride‐forming agent. Syntheses were conducted in custom‐built high‐pressure autoclaves with alkali metal amides LiNH2, NaNH2 or KNH2 as ammonobasic mineralizers, which accomplish an adequate solubility of the starting materials and promote the formation of reactive intermediate species. The reactions were performed at temperatures between 870 and 1070 K and pressures up to 230 MPa. All studied compounds crystallize in wurtzite‐derived superstructures with orthorhombic space groups Pna21 (II‐IV‐N2) and Cmc21 (I‐IV2‐N3), respectively, which was confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction. Optical bandgaps were estimated from diffuse reflectance spectra using the Kubelka–Munk function (MgSiN2: 4.8 eV, MgGeN2: 3.2 eV, MnSiN2: 3.5 eV, MnGeN2: 2.5 eV, LiSi2N3: 4.4 eV, LiGe2N3: 3.9 eV). Complementary DFT calculations were carried out to gain insight into the electronic band structures of these materials and to corroborate the optical measurements.
Molecular Viscosity Sensors with Two Rotators for Optimizing the Fluorescence Intensity‐Contrast Trade‐off
Authors: Lee Seung‐Chul , Lee Chang‐Lyoul , Heo Jeongyun , Jeong Chan‐Uk , Lee Gyeong‐Hui , Kim Sehoon , Yoon Woojin , Yun Hoseop , Park Sung O , Kwak Sang Kyu , Park Sung‐Ha , Kwon O‐Pil 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the collaborative team of the groups of O‐Pil Kwon at Ajou University, Chang‐Lyoul Lee at Advanced Photonics Research Institute (APRI), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Sehoon Kim at Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hoseop Yun at Ajou University, and Sang Kyu Kwak at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST). The image depicts fluorescent molecular rotors by introducing two rotational groups with high fluorescence contrast and cellular fluorescence imaging for mapping cellular viscosity. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201704036.
Rational Design of Organically Functionalized Polyoxopalladates and Their Supramolecular Properties
Authors: Yang Peng , Li Hui , Ma Tian , Haso Fadi , Liu Tianbo , Fan Linyuan , Lin Zhengguo , Hu Changwen , Kortz Ulrich 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe SrII‐centered 12‐palladate(II) open‐cube {SrPd12(OAc)3} has been systematically evolved by substitution of the three acetate ligands by a library of saturated carboxylic acids with increasing chain lengths leading to four novel polyoxopalladates(II) with the formula [SrPd12O6(OH)3(PhAsO3)6(L)3]4− (SrPd12L3, L=CnH2n+1COO, n=2 to 5). These first examples of surfactant‐type polyoxopalladates with a hydrophilic metal‐oxo unit and three hydrophobic alkyl chains were characterized in the solid state (single‐crystal XRD, FTIR, TGA), in solution (1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy), and in the gas phase (ESI‐MS). The two polyanions SrPd12L3 with chain lengths of 5 and 6 are the first examples of polyoxopalladates that are soluble and stable in organic media. The Na salts of the amphiphilic polyoxopalladates SrPd12L3 were shown to self‐assemble into “blackberry”‐type spherical supramolecular structures in dilute solutions, of which an unusual “volcano”‐shaped trend of assembly size versus solvent polarity is chiefly influenced by directional hydrogen bonding interactions.
Synthesis and Evaluation of N‐Phenylpyrrolamides as DNA Gyrase B Inhibitors
Authors: Durcik Martina , Tammela Päivi , Barančoková Michaela , Tomašič Tihomir , Ilaš Janez , Kikelj Danijel , Zidar Nace 
Published: December 2017

AbstractATP‐competitive inhibitors of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are among the most interesting classes of antibacterial drugs that are unrepresented in the antibacterial pipeline. We developed 32 new N‐phenylpyrrolamides and evaluated them against DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV from E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activities were studied against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacterial strains. The most potent compound displayed an IC50 of 47 nm against E. coli DNA gyrase, and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 12.5 μm against the Gram‐positive Enterococcus faecalis. Some compounds displayed good antibacterial activities against an efflux‐pump‐deficient E. coli strain (MIC=6.25 μm) and against wild‐type E. coli in the presence of efflux pump inhibitor PAβN (MIC=3.13 μm). Here we describe new findings regarding the structure–activity relationships of N‐phenylpyrrolamide DNA gyrase B inhibitors and investigate the factors that are important for the antibacterial activity of this class of compounds.
Cancer cachexia: Are we ready to take a step forward?
Authors: Crawford Jeffrey 
Published: December 2017

The field of cancer cachexia at both the preclinical and clinical levels will benefit from the further investigation and refinement of its mechanisms and further study of potential agents to define the best treatment outcomes for patients. In the meantime, the availability of anamorelin, a promising agent in the clinic, would be extremely valuable to move that research forward.See also pages 606‐16.
Anamorelin (ONO‐7643) for the treatment of patients with non–small cell lung cancer and cachexia: Results from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicenter study of Japanese patients (ONO‐7643‐04)
Authors: Katakami Nobuyuki , Uchino Junji , Yokoyama Takuma , Naito Tateaki , Kondo Masashi , Yamada Kouzo , Kitajima Hiromoto , Yoshimori Kozo , Sato Kazuhiro , Saito Hiroshi , Aoe Keisuke , Tsuji Tetsuya , Takiguchi Yuichi , Takayama Koichi , Komura Naoyuki , Takiguchi Toru , Eguchi Kenji 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDCachexia, described as weight loss (mainly in lean body mass [LBM]) and anorexia, is common in patients with advanced cancer. This study examined the efficacy and safety of anamorelin (ONO‐7643), a novel selective ghrelin receptor agonist, in Japanese cancer patients with cachexia.METHODSThis double‐blind clinical trial (ONO‐7643‐04) enrolled 174 patients with unresectable stage III/IV non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and cachexia in Japan. Patients were randomized to daily oral anamorelin (100 mg) or a placebo for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change from the baseline LBM (measured with dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry) over 12 weeks. The secondary endpoints were changes in appetite, body weight, quality of life, handgrip strength (HGS), and 6‐minute walk test (6MWT) results.RESULTSThe least squares mean change (plus or minus the standard error) in LBM from the baseline over 12 weeks was 1.38 ± 0.18 and −0.17 ± 0.17 kg in the anamorelin and placebo groups, respectively (P < .0001). Changes from the baseline in LBM, body weight, and anorexia symptoms showed significant differences between the 2 treatment groups at all time points. Anamorelin increased prealbumin at weeks 3 and 9. No changes in HGS or 6MWT were detected between the groups. Twelve weeks' treatment with anamorelin was safe and well tolerated in NSCLC patients.CONCLUSIONSAnamorelin significantly increased LBM and improved anorexia symptoms and the nutritional state, but not motor function, in Japanese patients with advanced NSCLC. Because no effective treatment for cancer cachexia is currently available, anamorelin can be a beneficial treatment option. Cancer 2018;124:606‐16. © 2017 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
Is less more? Comparing chemotherapy alone with chemotherapy and radiation for high‐risk grade 2 glioma: An analysis of the National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Jhaveri Jaymin , Liu Yuan , Chowdhary Mudit , Buchwald Zachary S. , Gillespie Theresa W. , Olson Jeffrey J. , Voloschin Alfredo D. , Eaton Bree R. , Shu Hui‐Kuo G. , Crocker Ian R. , Curran Walter J. , Patel Kirtesh R. 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDThe addition of chemotherapy to adjuvant radiotherapy (chemotherapy and radiation therapy [CRT]) improves overall survival (OS) for patients with high‐risk grade 2 gliomas; however, the impact of chemotherapy alone (CA) is unknown. This study compares the OS of patients with high‐risk grade 2 gliomas treated with CA versus CRT.METHODSPatients with high‐risk grade 2 gliomas (subtotal resection or age ≥ 40 years) with oligodendrogliomas, astrocytomas, or mixed tumors were identified with the National Cancer Data Base. Patients were grouped into CA and CRT cohorts. Univariate analyses and multivariate analyses (MVAs) were performed. Propensity score (PS) matching was also implemented. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used to analyze OS.RESULTSA total of 1054 patients with high‐risk grade 2 gliomas were identified: 496 (47.1%) received CA, and 558 (52.9%) received CRT. Patients treated with CA were more likely (all P values < .05) to have oligodendroglioma histology (65.5% vs 34.2%), exhibit a 1p/19q codeletion (22.8% vs 7.5%), be younger (median age, 47.0 vs 48.0 years), and receive treatment at an academic facility (65.2% vs 50.3%). The treatment type was not a significant predictor for OS (P = .125) according to the MVA; a tumor size > 6 cm, astrocytoma histology, and older age were predictors for worse OS (all P values < .05). After 1:1 PS matching (n = 331 for each cohort), no OS difference was seen (P = .696) between the CA and CRT cohorts at 5 (69.3% vs 67.4%) and 8 years (52.8% vs 56.7%).CONCLUSIONSNo long‐term OS difference was seen in patients with high‐risk grade 2 gliomas treated with CA versus CRT. These findings are hypothesis‐generating, and prospective clinical trials comparing these treatment paradigms are warranted. Cancer 2018;124:1169‐78. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Impact of latency time on survival for adolescents and young adults with a second primary malignancy
Authors: Goldfarb Melanie , Rosenberg Aaron S. , Li Qian , Keegan Theresa H. M. 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDThe adverse impact of second primary malignancies (SPMs) on survival is substantial for adolescents and young adults (AYAs; ie, those 15‐39 years old). No studies have evaluated whether the latency time between the first malignancy (the primary malignancy [PM]) and the SPM affects cancer‐specific survival (CSS).METHODSA multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression with Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data for 13 regions from 1992 to 2008 was used to ascertain whether the latency time (1‐5 vs ≥ 6 years) to the development of an SPM affected the CSS and overall survival with respect to either the PM or SPM for AYAs with common SPMs.RESULTSThe majority of 1515 AYAs with an SPM had their PM diagnosed between the ages of 26 and 39 years (74.2%) and an SPM diagnosed within 1 to 5 years (72.9%) of the PM's diagnosis. Overall, AYAs that developed an SPM 1 to 5 years after the diagnosis (vs ≥ 6 years) had an increased risk of death from cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 2.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.92‐3.29) as well as any cause (HR, 2.60; 95% CI, 2.04‐3.32). Specifically, for AYAs with an SPM that was leukemia or a colorectal, breast, or central nervous system malignancy, a shorter latency time (1‐5 years) from their PM diagnosis was associated with an overall significantly increased risk of death (2.6‐fold) from either their PM or that particular SPM. However, latency did not appear to affect the CSS with respect to either the PM or SPM for AYA patients with a lymphoma or sarcoma SPM.CONCLUSIONSMost AYAs who develop an SPM do so within 1 to 5 years of their primary cancer diagnosis, and they have an increased risk of death from cancer in comparison with AYAs with an SPM developing after longer survivorship intervals. Cancer 2018;124:1260‐8. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Characterization of the canine rostral ventricular‐subventricular zone: Morphological, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and neurosphere assay studies
Authors: Fernández‐Flores Francisco , García‐Verdugo José Manuel , Martín‐Ibáñez Raquel , Herranz Cristina , Fondevila Dolors , Canals Josep María , Arús Carles , Pumarola Martí 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe mammalian ventricular‐subventricular zone (V‐SVZ) presents the highest neurogenic potential in the brain of the adult individual. In rodents, it is mainly composed of chains of neuroblasts. In humans, it is organized in layers where neuroblasts do not form chains. The aim of this study is to describe the cytoarchitecture of canine V‐SVZ (cV‐SVZ), to assess its neurogenic potential, and to compare our results with those previously described in other species. We have studied by histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), electron microscopy and neurosphere assay the morphology, cytoarchitecture and neurogenic potential of cV‐SVZ. Age groups of animals were performed. Histological and ultrastructural studies indicated that the cV‐SVZ is organized in layers as in humans, but including migratory chains as in rodents. Neural progenitors were organized in niches in the subependymal area and a decline in their number was observed with age. Adult‐young dogs contained migratory cells capable to expand and differentiate in vitro according with previous results obtained in rodents, primates, humans, pigs, and dogs. Some adult animals presented perivascular niches outside the V‐SVZ. Our observations evidence a great similarity between canine and human V‐SVZ indicating that the dog may be better representative of neurogenic events in humans, compared with rodents. Accordingly with our results, we conclude that dogs are a valuable animal model of adult neurogenesis in comparative and preclinical studies.
Visual CAPTCHA application in linguistic cryptography
Authors: Ogiela Urszula , Takizawa Makoto , Ogiela Lidia 
Published: December 2017

SummaryThis paper presents an idea of linguistic cryptography and linguistic techniques for data analysis. The main aspects are using parts of divided information to reconstruct them. Linguistic techniques dedicated to cryptography, as well as secret splitting and sharing, are very useful to secure all information and all parts of them. Very important aspects of cryptographic algorithms are played by techniques of data division as well as data splitting and information sharing algorithms. Those methods allow the distributed data within a different selected group of secret trustees. In this paper, authors described algorithms of using those methods for linguistic data sharing techniques. In those methods, CAPTCHA analysis plays an important role. All secret parts of information can be written by using any parts of the selected CAPTCHA procedures.