bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathology of Blister Beetle (Epicauta) Poisoning in Horses
Authors: Schoeb T. R. , Panciera R. J. 
Published: August 2017

Case records of 21 horses that had acute illness after eating baled alfalfa hay containing dead striped blister beetles were reviewed. Tissue sections from 14 of the horses were examined; sections from two normal horses and several others with unrelated diseases were used for comparison. Clinical illness was characterized by abdominal pain, fever, depression, frequent urination, shock and, occasionally, synchronous diaphragmatic flutter. Laboratory findings were hemoconcentration, neutrophilic leukocytosis, hypocalcemia, hematuria and low urine specific gravity. Major morphologic changes were sloughing of the stratified squamous epithelium of the stomach, hemorrhage and ulceration in the urinary bladder, enterocolitis and myocardial necrosis. Five horses with experimental poisoning had lesions and clinical signs similar to those of the natural disease. Acute disturbance of both the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts, and the stomach and bladder lesions, were regarded as sufficiently suggestive of blister beetle poisoning to be useful in differential diagnosis, but no pathognomonic lesions were found. Therefore, striped blister beetles should be sought in hay fed to affected horses if blister beetle poisoning is suspected.
Juvenile Acinar Atrophy of the Pancreas of a Dog
Authors: Hashimoto A. , Kita I. , Okada K. , Fujimoto Y. 
Published: August 2017

A dog with juvenile acinar atrophy of the pancreas had degranulation and loss of the acinar cells. Transitional features from normal to degranulation were seen. Electron microscopically, the atrophic pancreas mainly consisted of epithelial cells of duct system, islet cells and multivesicular cells. Juvenile atrophy of the canine pancreas [1] is characterized by pancreatic enzyme deficiency in young dogs in association with a non-inflammatory lesion of the pancreas. Clinically there is polyphagia, weight loss, steatorrhea, diarrhea and coprohagia.
The Pathology of Nephrotoxicity of Gentamicin in Snakes
Authors: Montali R. J. , Bush M. , Smeller J. M. 
Published: August 2017

Two gopher snakes (Pitophis melanoleucus catenifer) each were given 5 mg/kg body weight of gentamicin every 72 hours (group 1); two snakes each were given 5 mg/kg/day (group 2). Doses for both groups were given over a 2-week period. After the second week, the dose for one snake in each group was increased to 50 mg/kg/day for 2 more weeks and then discontinued. Weekly renal biopsies taken from snakes in group 1 showed no abnormalities by light microscopy during and at the completion of the experiment. Snakes in group 2 had cloudy swelling of the proximal tubules at 2 and 4 weeks after the gentamicin was administered. Snakes given the high dose of gentamicin had hydropic degeneration of the proximal tubules 2 weeks after the dose was raised to 50 mg/kg/day. This progressed to tubular necrosis 1 week after the gentamicin was discontinued. These snakes (high dose) also developed visceral gout, apparently as the result of the extensive tubular necrosis. Tophi were in the pericardium, serosal membranes and parenchyma of the kidneys, liver, spleen and lungs.
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome in Three Dogs
Authors: Happé R. P. , Van Der Gaag I. , Lamers C.B.H.W. , Van Toorenburg J. , Rehfeld J. F. , Larsson L.I. 
Published: August 2017

The main clinical signs of three dogs with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome were vomiting, diarrhoea, poor appetite and weight loss. The diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination and by gastrin immunocytochemistry. Gastrin was extracted from pancreatic tumours of two dogs. Gastrin-component III predominated in one dog while gastrin-compo-nent II and gastrin-component III were demonstrated in almost equal amounts in the other dog. In one dog serum gastrin concentration was high. Postmortem examination revealed pancreatic tumours in all three dogs and metastases in the regional lymph nodes and liver in two. The pancreatic tumours contained three patterns of growth: solid, trabecular and acinar. Electron microscopy of liver metastases showed cells with secretory granules. In all three dogs there was an erosive oesophagitis and thick gastric mucosa caused mainly by glandular proliferation. Two dogs had erosions and ulcers in the duodenum, one also in the first part of the jejunum. Villous atrophy and cellular infiltration of the duodenal mucosa were found in all dogs.
A Locomotor Disorder Clinically Similar to Spastic Paresis in an Adult Friesian Bull
Authors: Bradley R. , Wueratne W.V.S. 
Published: August 2017

A 5-year-old Friesian stud bull developed a progressive locomotor disorder on return to stud after a period of rest. He had defects in conformation exacerbated by poor condition. The hind limbs were excessively straight. When he stood or moved, the Achilles tendons and their associated muscles were rigid. The disorder clinically resembled spastic paresis of calves. Necropsy showed a degenerative arthropathy in all hind limb joints below the hip. Lesions were also in tendons and skeletal muscles. The M. flexor digitorum superficialis had severe type II cell atrophy with many ring. lobulated and moth-eaten type I cells.
Immunohistological Studies on Primary Reticulosis of the Canine Brain
Authors: Vandevelde M. , Fatzer R. , Fankhauser R. 
Published: August 2017

Brains of 17 dogs with primary reticulosis, and of two with metastatic and one with primary lymphosarcoma, were examined by immunohistologic techniques with antisera against the major immunoglobulin classes of the dog. On the basis of immunoglobulin in tumour cells, two reticuloses were reclassified as primary lymphosarcomas of the brain. The tumour cells in three other dogs with neoplastic reticulosis and in six dogs with microgliomatosis did not contain immunoglobulin. Many cells in inflammatory reticulosis were immunoglobulin-bearing. Although some of these lesions could have been lymphosarcomas, insufficient data were available to ascertain either an inflammatory or a neoplastic nature. It was concluded that some lesions previously classified as reticulosis are in fact primary histiocytic lymphosarcomas of the brain, while others may be true reticulosarcomas.
Aerosol Q Fever Infection of the Nude Mouse
Authors: Hall W. C. , White J. D. , Kishimoto R. A. , Whitmire R. E. 
Published: August 2017

Athymic nude mice and euthymic littermate controls were exposed to 104 Coxiella burnetii organisms by small-particle aerosol. Antibody response with and without 2-mercaptoethanol treatment of serum was determined at various intervals after infection and serial kills were done to determine morphologic changes in both mouse phenotypes. Total antibody titers determined by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique to phase I and phase II C. burnetii were identical for both groups of mice. Microagglutinin titers determined on days 28 and 33 were abolished by 2-mercaptoethanol treatment of serum from both phenotypes, indicating that the antibody probably resided in the IgM fraction. Microscopically, the reaction to C. burnetii infection was similar in nude and euthymic mice on days 7 and 14. Later, the number and size of lesions attributable to Q fever diminished in euthymic mice. Infection was progressive in nude mice, with macrophage infiltration of most tissues, especially spleen and liver. Numerous rickettsiae were seen by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy in phagocytic vesicles of macrophages, many of which were dilated, giving the macrophage a vacuolated appearance. Results suggest that clearance of C. burnetii infection in mice is dependent upon thymus-derived lymphocytes.
Just One Child: A Tribute to Mark
Authors: Delisle Jim 
Published: August 2017

Author's Note: Rethinking conventional wisdom is the focus of “Au Contraire.” This month's article deviates a bit from that norm, as it explores the still-evolving relationship between a gifted child and his teacher. Sometimes, all the best ideas, theories, and educational practices need to be put aside in order to take a closer look at just one child.
Meeting Parents’ Needs
Authors: Rash Patricia King 
Published: August 2017

Parents needs have often been neglected. They frequently feel alone and confused, and they regularly receive incorrect advice from well-meaning, but ill-advised sources. Educators can provide parents with knowledge about the characteristics of gifted children, how they are identified, and whether they are being educated appropriately. Parents can learn the best ways to work with the school in their efforts to support gifted education. They can organize and participate in support groups. And finally, teachers can encourage them to get involved in activities that meet their personal needs that are unrelated to the needs of their children. GCT
Significantly Higher Mortality Following Liver Transplantation Among Patients Aged 70 Years and Older
Authors: Sharma Mokshya , Ahmed Aijaz , Wong Robert J. 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: The age of liver transplantation recipients in the United States is steadily increasing. However, the impact of age on liver transplant outcomes has demonstrated contradictory results. Research Questions: We aim to evaluate the impact of age on survival following liver transplantation among US adults. Design: Using data from the United Network for Organ Sharing registry, we retrospectively evaluated all adults undergoing liver transplantation from 2002 to 2012 stratified by age (aged 70 years and older vs aged <70 years), presence of hepatocellular carcinoma, and hepatitis C virus status. Overall survival was evaluated with Kaplan-Meier methods and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Compared to patients aged <70 years, those aged 70 years and older had significantly lower 5-year survival following transplantation among all groups analyzed (hepatocellular carcinoma: 59.9% vs 68.6%, P < .01; nonhepatocellular carcinoma: 61.2% vs 74.2%, P < .001; hepatitis C: 60.7% vs 69.0%, P < .01; nonhepatitis C: 62.6% vs 78.5%, P < .001). On multivariate regression, patients aged 70 years and older at time of transplantation was associated with significantly higher mortality compared to those aged <70 years (hazards ratio: 1.67; 95% confidence interval: 1.48-1.87; P < .001). Conclusion: The age at the time of liver transplantation has continued to increase in the United States. However, patients aged 70 years and older had significantly higher mortality following liver transplantation. These observations are especially important given the aging cohort of patients with chronic liver disease in the United States.
Assessment of medication adherence and the costs associated with a calendar blister pack intervention among hypertensive patients in Malaysia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tan Bee Ying , Shafie Asrul Akmal , Hassali Mohamed Azmi Ahmad , Saleem Fahad 
Published: August 2017

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and costs of a calendar blister packaging intervention used to improve medication adherence. Method: A parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted with 73 hypertensive patients (intervention group = 35, control group = 38) at Hospital Kulim, Malaysia, for 7 months. Results: The intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in medication possession ratio (p < 0.05) and percentage of on-time refills (p < 0.01) compared to control group. In addition, there was significantly lower blood pressure (p < 0.05) in intervention group. From the provider perspective, the average annual treatment cost per patient in the intervention group was MYR 2178.66 (~USD 526.95) (95% confidence interval = 1786.39–2570.94) compared to MYR 2693.09 (~USD 651.37) (95% confidence interval = 1903.23–3482.95) in the control group. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that calendar blister packaging has a positive impact on medication adherence, blood pressure and also has the potential for considerable cost savings.
Three-dimensional optical frequency domain imaging of a true bifurcation lesion after stent implantation using the jailed semi-inflated balloon technique
Authors: Numasawa Yohei , Hase Hiromu , Yamazaki Hiroyuki , Tabei Ryota , Kuno Toshiki , Kodaira Masaki , Saito Tetsuya 
Published: August 2017

Objective: Percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary bifurcation lesion is very challenging, especially for true bifurcation lesions. Although the jailed semi-inflated balloon technique is one of the established methods for treatment of coronary bifurcation lesions, little is known regarding the configuration of the side branch orifice after stent implantation using this technique. Methods: We report a 73-year-old male patient with angina pectoris who was successfully treated with percutaneous coronary stent implantation for a true bifurcation lesion of the right coronary artery with an obtuse angle using the jailed semi-inflated balloon technique. Results: Three-dimensional optical frequency domain imaging clearly showed that there were no signs of plaque or carina shift into the side branch after stent implantation using this technique. Conclusions: This case report highlights that the jailed semi-inflated balloon technique is a safe and useful treatment for coronary true bifurcation lesions with an obtuse angle.
Testicular microlithiasis is associated with ethnicity and socioeconomic status
Authors: Pedersen Malene R , Bartlett Emily C , Rafaelsen Søren R , Osther Palle J , Vedsted Peter , Sellars Maria E , Sidhu Paul S , Møller Henrik 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundThere are limited studies about testicular microlithiasis (TML) and background information such as health, lifestyle, and socioeconomic status.PurposeTo assess the prevalence of TML in relation to socioeconomic status and ethnicity.Material and MethodsFrom a database of scrotal ultrasound examinations in a single institution, all men who underwent routine ultrasound examinations for a variety of symptoms from 1998 to 2015 were included. Skilled observers performed all examinations, and presence of any form of intra-testicular calcification, including TML, was recorded on the examination report and a representative image obtained and stored. A total of 1105 cases with TML were reviewed and random sample of 1105 controls from the same database was also reviewed. Demographics were recorded including ethnicity (white, black, and others) and socioeconomic groups (IMD Quintile).ResultsBlack men had increased prevalence of TML (odds ratio [OR] = 2.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.72–2.75) compared with white men. Among the 1105 TML cases, 423 (38.3%) were white, 273 (24.7%) black, 152 (13.8%) had other ethnicities, and 257 (23.2%) had no ethnicity recorded. In the control group of 1105 men without TML, 560 (50.7%) were white, 171 (15.5%) black, 111 (10.0%) had other specified ethnicities, and 263 (23.8%) had no ethnicity recorded. Men from the most deprived socioeconomic groups had higher prevalence of TML than men in the most affluent groups, with a trend in OR from the least deprived to the most deprived group.ConclusionPathogenesis and clinical relevance of TML is unknown but our results point towards possible ethnic and socioeconomic variation in the underlying causes of TML.
Successful Treatment of Bilateral Diffuse Uveal Melanocytic Proliferation With Plasmapheresis
Authors: Katz Matthew S. J. , Leder Henry Alexander , Choudhury Tahsin 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation (BDUMP) is a rare paraneoplastic disorder that bears grave ocular prognosis. No consensus exists regarding treatment regimen and very little has been achieved in the way of successful treatment. We present here a case of BDUMP associated with metastatic non–small cell lung carcinoma treated successfully with plasmapheresis. Methods: This is a nonmasked, retrospective interventional case study conducted at a tertiary care center, characterizing bilateral disease in 1 patient, and describing response to plasmapheresis. Outcome measures were resolution of optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, as well as visual response. Results: Resolution of bilateral exudative retinal detachments was documented with both ophthalmoscopic photography and OCT and accompanied by concurrent improvement in visual function. Conclusion: Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation has been treated with plasmapheresis in only 3 previously reported cases. This case demonstrates and reinforces the great promise in the treatment of this rare and devastating condition.
How I treat pediatric venous thromboembolism
Authors: Young Guy 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The incidence of pediatric venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been increasing significantly over the past decade in part as a result of increased recognition of this serious disorder but more so because of the increased use of central venous catheters and other technological advancements involved in the care of ill children. Management of pediatric VTE is a complex undertaking, considering that the vast majority of children who develop this complication have serious underlying medical disorders. Although the incidence is rising, in comparison with adults, this remains a relatively rare disorder, and as such, large-scale clinical trials have not been completed, rendering management decisions to be based on extrapolation from adult data and the experience of the treating physician. Clearly, both are fraught with problems. Thus, day-to-day management remains more art than science until such time that the results from clinical trials (many of which are under way) become available. This edition of “How I Treat” describes the author’s experience in managing 3 common scenarios that one may encounter in pediatric thrombosis and suggests a logical approach to such situations. Furthermore, the author provides 3 algorithms to help guide management decisions.
Randomized phase 2 study of low-dose decitabine vs low-dose azacitidine in lower-risk MDS and MDS/MPN
Authors: Jabbour Elias , Short Nicholas J. , Montalban-Bravo Guillermo , Huang Xuelin , Bueso-Ramos Carlos , Qiao Wei , Yang Hui , Zhao Chong , Kadia Tapan , Borthakur Gautam , Pemmaraju Naveen , Sasaki Koji , Estrov Zeev , Cortes Jorge , Ravandi Farhad , Alvarado Yesid , Komrokji Rami , Sekeres Mikkael A. , Steensma David P. , DeZern Amy , Roboz Gail , Kantarjian Hagop , Garcia-Manero Guillermo 
Published: August 2017

Key Points
Low-dose hypomethylating agents are safe and effective in patients with lower-risk MDS and MDS/MPN. Decitabine was associated higher response rates compared with azacitidine, especially in patients with higher-risk features.
Pretransplant Vitamin D Deficiency Is Associated With Higher Relapse Rates in Patients Allografted for Myeloid Malignancies
Authors: Radujkovic Aleksandar , Kordelas Lambros , Krzykalla Julia , Beelen Dietrich W. , Benner Axel , Lehners Nicola , Schmidt Katharina , Dreger Peter , Luft Thomas 
Published: August 2017

Purpose Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is common in patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing allogeneic transplantation (alloSCT), but its prognostic relevance is unclear. Patients and Methods The impact of pretransplant VitD status on overall survival, relapse mortality, and nonrelapse mortality was investigated retrospectively in a cohort of 492 patients undergoing alloSCT at our center from 2002 to 2013. VitD deficiency was defined as a serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 < 20 ng/mL (equivalent to < 50 nM) before alloSCT and was assessed using accredited laboratory methods and a standard chemiluminescent immunoassay. Results were validated in an independent cohort of 398 patients diagnosed with myeloid malignancies. Results A total of 396 (80%) and 348 (87%) patients had VitD deficiency before alloSCT in the training and validation cohort, respectively. In the training cohort, VitD deficiency was significantly associated with inferior overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.78; P = .007) in multivariable analysis. This was due to a higher risk of relapse (HR, 1.96; P = .006) rather than nonrelapse mortality. A significant association of pretransplant VitD deficiency with higher relapse rates was observed only in patients diagnosed with myeloid (HR, 2.55; P = .014) but not with lymphatic diseases (HR, 1.60; P = .147). A similar impact of pretransplant VitD deficiency on relapse risk in myeloid diseases was also observed in an independent patient cohort (HR, 2.60; P = .017). Validation of the effect of VitD deficiency on relapse in patients with myeloid malignancies was successful. Conclusion Pretransplant VitD deficiency was associated with a higher risk of relapse in patients allografted for myeloid malignancies. Prospective studies on VitD status and correction of VitD deficiency in the setting of alloSCT are highly warranted.
Milton, Waller, and the Fate of Eden
Authors: Quint David 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMilton shapes his depiction of Eden in Paradise Lost as a response to Edmund Waller’s On St. James’s Park, a celebrated poem of the Restoration. Waller’s description of the royal park, newly improved by Charles II—a a new Eden, a sacred, oracular grove next to the temple-like Westminster Abbey and the capitol-like Whitehall—is revisited in Milton’s epic. God expels Adam and Eve from Eden and subsequently washes away the garden during the Flood to prevent it from turning into a temple-and-grove along the lines of Pandaemonium or a capital seat like Charles’s London, in either case a habitation of devils. Milton’s point-by-point response to the antimodel of Waller’s poem reveals specific topicality and political engagement in the motifs of Paradise Lost: in this sense, Milton is a poet of the restoration he opposes.
Computational design of molecular motors as nanocircuits in Leishmaniasis
Authors: Kosey Dipali , Singh Shailza 
Published: August 2017

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania major and is spread by the bite of a sandfly.This species infects the macrophages and dendritic cells Due to multi-drug resistance, there is a need for a new therapeutic technique. Recently, a novel molecular motor of Leishmania, Myosin XXI, was classified and characterized. In addition, the drug resistance in this organism has been linked with the overexpression of ABC transporters. Systems biology aims to study the simulation and modeling of natural biological systems whereas synthetic biology deals with building novel and artificial biological parts and devices Together they have contributed enormously to drug discovery, vaccine design and development, infectious disease detection and diagnostics. Synthetic genetic regulatory networks with desired properties, like toggling and oscillation have been proposed to be useful for gene therapy. In this work, a nanocircuit with coupled bistable switch – repressilator has been designed, simulated in the presence and absence of inducer, in silico, using Tinker Cell. When inducer is added, the circuit has been shown to produce reporter at high levels, which will impair the activity of Myosin XXI and ABC transporters. Validation of the circuit was also performed using GRENITS and BoolNet. The influence of inducer on the working of the circuit, i.e., the type of gene expression, response time delay, the steady states formed by the circuit and the quasipotential landscape of the circuit were performed. It was found that the addition of inducer reduced the response time delay in the graded type of gene expression and removed the multiple intermediate attractors of the circuit. Thus, the inducer increased the probability of the circuit to be present in the dominant stable state with high reporter concentration and hence the designed nanocircuit may be used for the treatment of leishmaniasis.