bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of change in sexual activity in Alzheimer's disease: views of people with dementia and their spouse-caregivers
Authors: Nogueira Marcela Moreira Lima , Neto Jose Pedro Simões , Sousa Maria Fernanda B. , Santos Raquel L. , Lacerda Isabel Barbeito , Baptista Maria Alice Tourinho , Dourado Marcia Cristina Nascimento 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction:The onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects couples’ relationship. We investigated the perception of change and sexual satisfaction in spouse-caregivers and their partners diagnosed with AD.Methods:We compared 74 dyads of people with Alzheimer's disease (PwAD)/spouse-caregivers and 21 elderly dyads control. We assessed sexual satisfaction with Questionnaire on Sexual Experience and Satisfaction (QSES), cognition using a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), disease severity using a Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR), awareness of disease with Assessment Scale of Psychosocial Impact of the Diagnosis of Dementia (ASPIDD), functionality with Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), depressive symptoms with Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia (CSDD), quality of life using a Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease Scale (QoL-AD), and burden using a Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI).Results:We found differences between the perception and no perception of change in sexual activity of PwAD (p < 0.001), spouse-caregivers (p < 0.01), and controls (p < 0.05). Moderate to severe sexual dissatisfaction was observed in 36.5% of PwAD, 65% of spouse-caregivers, and 31% of controls. PwAD sexual satisfaction was related to cognitive impairment (p < 0.05). Spouse-caregivers sexual satisfaction was related to gender (p < 0.05) and the presence of sexual activity (p < 0.001).Conclusions:The perception of change with higher sexual dissatisfaction, were significant in PwAD and their spouse-caregivers, in comparison with couples of elderly without dementia.
1688 and all that: property rights, the Glorious Revolution and the rise of British capitalism
Authors: HODGSON GEOFFREY M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn a seminal 1989 article, Douglass North and Barry Weingast argued that by making the monarch more answerable to Parliament, the Glorious Revolution of 1688 helped to secure property rights in England and stimulate the rise of capitalism. Similarly, Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson, and James Robinson later wrote that in the English Middle Ages there was a ‘lack of property rights for landowners, merchants and proto-industrialists’ and the ‘strengthening’ of property rights in the late 17th century ‘spurred a process of financial and commercial expansion’. There are several problems with these arguments. Property rights in England were relatively secure from the 13th century. A major developmental problem was not the security of rights but their feudal nature, including widespread ‘entails’ and ‘strict settlements’. 1688 had no obvious direct effect on property rights. Given these criticisms, what changes promoted the rise of capitalism? A more plausible answer is found by addressing the post-1688 Financial and Administrative Revolutions, which were pressured by the enhanced needs of war and Britain's expanding global role. Guided by a more powerful Parliament, this new financial system stimulated reforms to landed property rights, the growth of collateralizable property and saleable debt, and thus enabled the Industrial Revolution.
Infected erythrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles alter vascular function via regulatory Ago2-miRNA complexes in malaria
Authors: Mantel Pierre-Yves , Hjelmqvist Daisy , Walch Michael , Kharoubi-Hess Solange , Nilsson Sandra , Ravel Deepali , Ribeiro Marina , Grüring Christof , Ma Siyuan , Padmanabhan Prasad , Trachtenberg Alexander , Ankarklev Johan , Brancucci Nicolas M. , Huttenhower Curtis , Duraisingh Manoj T. , Ghiran Ionita , Kuo Winston P. , Filgueira Luis , Martinelli Roberta , Marti Matthias 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMalaria remains one of the greatest public health challenges worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The clinical outcome of individuals infected withPlasmodium falciparumparasites depends on many factors including host systemic inflammatory responses, parasite sequestration in tissues and vascular dysfunction. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines promotes endothelial activation as well as recruitment and infiltration of inflammatory cells, which in turn triggers further endothelial cell activation and parasite sequestration. Inflammatory responses are triggered in part by bioactive parasite products such as hemozoin and infected red blood cell-derived extracellular vesicles (iRBC-derived EVs). Here we demonstrate that such EVs contain functional miRNA-Argonaute 2 complexes that are derived from the host RBC. Moreover, we show that EVs are efficiently internalized by endothelial cells, where the miRNA-Argonaute 2 complexes modulate target gene expression and barrier properties. Altogether, these findings provide a mechanistic link between EVs and vascular dysfunction during malaria infection.
Thermoelectric signature of the chiral anomaly in Cd3As2
Authors: Jia Zhenzhao , Li Caizhen , Li Xinqi , Shi Junren , Liao Zhimin , Yu Dapeng , Wu Xiaosong 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDiscovery of Weyl semimetals has revived interest in Weyl fermions which has not been observed in high energy experiments. It now becomes possible to study, in solids, their exotic properties. Extensive photoemission spectroscopy and electrical resistivity experiments have been carried out. However, many other properties remain unexplored. Here we show the thermoelectric signature of the chiral anomaly of Weyl fermions in Cd3As2 under a magnetic field. We observe a strong quadratic suppression of the thermopower when the magnetic field is parallel to the temperature gradient. The quadratic coefficient is nearly twice of that for the electrical conductivity. The thermopower reverses its sign in high fields. We show that all these intriguing observations can be understood in terms of the chiral anomaly of Weyl fermions. Our results reveal the anomalous thermoelectric property of Weyl fermions and provide insight into the chiral anomaly.
Isotope analysis in the transmission electron microscope
Authors: Susi Toma , Hofer Christoph , Argentero Giacomo , Leuthner Gregor T. , Pennycook Timothy J. , Mangler Clemens , Meyer Jannik C. , Kotakoski Jani 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe Ångström-sized probe of the scanning transmission electron microscope can visualize and collect spectra from single atoms. This can unambiguously resolve the chemical structure of materials, but not their isotopic composition. Here we differentiate between two isotopes of the same element by quantifying how likely the energetic imaging electrons are to eject atoms. First, we measure the displacement probability in graphene grown from either12C or13C and describe the process using a quantum mechanical model of lattice vibrations coupled with density functional theory simulations. We then test our spatial resolution in a mixed sample by ejecting individual atoms from nanoscale areas spanning an interface region that is far from atomically sharp, mapping the isotope concentration with a precision better than 20%. Although we use a scanning instrument, our method may be applicable to any atomic resolution transmission electron microscope and to other low-dimensional materials.
EpCAM-dependent extracellular vesicles from intestinal epithelial cells maintain intestinal tract immune balance
Authors: Jiang Lingling , Shen Yingying , Guo Danfeng , Yang Diya , Liu Jiajun , Fei Xuefeng , Yang Yunshan , Zhang Buyi , Lin Zhendong , Yang Fei , Wang Xiaojian , Wang Keyi , Wang Jianli , Cai Zhijian 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHow the intestinal tract develops a tolerance to foreign antigens is still largely unknown. Here we report that extracellular vesicles (EVs) with TGF-β1-dependent immunosuppressive activity are produced by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) under physiological conditions. Transfer of these EVs into inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium salt decreases IBD severity by inducing regulatory T cells and immunosuppressive dendritic cells. In contrast, decreased endogenous EV production promotes IBD development. IECs produce EVs with increased levels of TGF-β1 upon IBD development in an ERK-dependent manner. Furthermore, these EVs tend to localize in the intestinal tract associated with epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). Knockdown of EpCAM in vivo increases the severity of murine IBD, and the protective effect of EVs from IECs with decreased EpCAM on murine IBD is blunted. Therefore, our study indicates that EVs from IECs participate in maintaining the intestinal tract immune balance.
Quantum spin transistor with a Heisenberg spin chain
Authors: Marchukov O. V. , Volosniev A. G. , Valiente M. , Petrosyan D. , Zinner N. T. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSpin chains are paradigmatic systems for the studies of quantum phases and phase transitions, and for quantum information applications, including quantum computation and short-distance quantum communication. Here we propose and analyse a scheme for conditional state transfer in a Heisenberg XXZ spin chain which realizes a quantum spin transistor. In our scheme, the absence or presence of a control spin excitation in the central gate part of the spin chain results in either perfect transfer of an arbitrary state of a target spin between the weakly coupled input and output ports, or its complete blockade at the input port. We also discuss a possible proof-of-concept realization of the corresponding spin chain with a one-dimensional ensemble of cold atoms with strong contact interactions. Our scheme is generally applicable to various implementations of tunable spin chains, and it paves the way for the realization of integrated quantum logic elements.
All-optical materials design of chiral edge modes in transition-metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Claassen Martin , Jia Chunjing , Moritz Brian , Devereaux Thomas P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMonolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides are novel materials which at low energies constitute a condensed-matter realization of massive relativistic fermions in two dimensions. Here, we show that this picture breaks for optical pumping—instead, the added complexity of a realistic materials description leads to a new mechanism to optically induce topologically protected chiral edge modes, facilitating optically switchable conduction channels that are insensitive to disorder. In contrast to graphene and previously discussed toy models, the underlying mechanism relies on the intrinsic three-band nature of transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers near the band edges. Photo-induced band inversions scale linearly in applied pump field and exhibit transitions from one to two chiral edge modes on sweeping from red to blue detuning. We develop an ab initio strategy to understand non-equilibrium Floquet–Bloch bands and topological transitions, and illustrate for WS2 that control of chiral edge modes can be dictated solely from symmetry principles and is not qualitatively sensitive to microscopic materials details.
Near-infrared exciton-polaritons in strongly coupled single-walled carbon nanotube microcavities
Authors: Graf Arko , Tropf Laura , Zakharko Yuriy , Zaumseil Jana , Gather Malte C. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractExciton-polaritons form upon strong coupling between electronic excitations of a material and photonic states of a surrounding microcavity. In organic semiconductors the special nature of excited states leads to particularly strong coupling and facilitates condensation of exciton-polaritons at room temperature, which may lead to electrically pumped organic polariton lasers. However, charge carrier mobility and photo-stability in currently used materials is limited and exciton-polariton emission so far has been restricted to visible wavelengths. Here, we demonstrate strong light-matter coupling in the near infrared using single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in a polymer matrix and a planar metal-clad cavity. By exploiting the exceptional oscillator strength and sharp excitonic transition of (6,5) SWCNTs, we achieve large Rabi splitting (>110 meV), efficient polariton relaxation and narrow band emission (<15 meV). Given their high charge carrier mobility and excellent photostability, SWCNTs represent a promising new avenue towards practical exciton-polariton devices operating at telecommunication wavelengths.
Distinct gene expression patterns correlate with developmental and functional traits of iNKT subsets
Authors: Georgiev Hristo , Ravens Inga , Benarafa Charaf , Förster Reinhold , Bernhardt Günter 
Published: October 2016

AbstractInvariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells comprise a subpopulation of innate lymphocytes developing in thymus. A new model proposes subdividing murine iNKT cells into iNKT1, 2 and 17 cells. Here, we use transcriptome analyses of iNKT1, 2 and 17 subsets isolated from BALB/c and C57BL/6 thymi to identify candidate genes that may affect iNKT cell development, migration or function. We show that Fcɛr1γ is involved in generation of iNKT1 cells and that SerpinB1 modulates frequency of iNKT17 cells. Moreover, a considerable proportion of iNKT17 cells express IL-4 and IL-17 simultaneously. The results presented not only validate the usefulness of the iNKT1/2/17-concept but also provide new insights into iNKT cell biology.
Coordinated integrin activation by actin-dependent force during T-cell migration
Authors: Nordenfelt Pontus , Elliott Hunter L. , Springer Timothy A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFor a cell to move forward it must convert chemical energy into mechanical propulsion. Force produced by actin polymerization can generate traction across the plasma membrane by transmission through integrins to their ligands. However, the role this force plays in integrin activation is unknown. Here we show that integrin activity and cytoskeletal dynamics are reciprocally linked, where actin-dependent force itself appears to regulate integrin activity. We generated fluorescent tension-sensing constructs of integrin αLβ2 (LFA-1) to visualize intramolecular tension during cell migration. Using quantitative imaging of migrating T cells, we correlate tension in the αL or β2 subunit with cell and actin dynamics. We find that actin engagement produces tension within the β2 subunit to induce and stabilize an active integrin conformational state and that this requires intact talin and kindlin motifs. This supports a general mechanism where localized actin polymerization can coordinate activation of the complex machinery required for cell migration.
Long-term, high frequency in situ measurements of intertidal mussel bed temperatures using biomimetic sensors
Authors: Helmuth Brian , Choi Francis , Matzelle Allison , Torossian Jessica L. , Morello Scott L. , Mislan K.A.S. , Yamane Lauren , Strickland Denise , Szathmary P. Lauren , Gilman Sarah E. , Tockstein Alyson , Hilbish Thomas J. , Burrows Michael T. , Power Anne Marie , Gosling Elizabeth , Mieszkowska Nova , Harley Christopher D.G. , Nishizaki Michael , Carrington Emily , Menge Bruce , Petes Laura , Foley Melissa M. , Johnson Angela , Poole Megan , Noble Mae M. , Richmond Erin L. , Robart Matt , Robinson Jonathan , Sapp Jerod , Sones Jackie , Broitman Bernardo R. , Denny Mark W. , Mach Katharine J. , Miller Luke P. , O’Donnell Michael , Ross Philip , Hofmann Gretchen E. , Zippay Mackenzie , Blanchette Carol , Macfarlan J.A. , Carpizo-Ituarte Eugenio , Ruttenberg Benjamin , Peña Mejía Carlos E. , McQuaid Christopher D. , Lathlean Justin , Monaco Cristián J. , Nicastro Katy R. , Zardi Gerardo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAt a proximal level, the physiological impacts of global climate change on ectothermic organisms are manifest as changes in body temperatures. Especially for plants and animals exposed to direct solar radiation, body temperatures can be substantially different from air temperatures. We deployed biomimetic sensors that approximate the thermal characteristics of intertidal mussels at 71 sites worldwide, from 1998-present. Loggers recorded temperatures at 10–30 min intervals nearly continuously at multiple intertidal elevations. Comparisons against direct measurements of mussel tissue temperature indicated errors of ~2.0–2.5 °C, during daily fluctuations that often exceeded 15°–20 °C. Geographic patterns in thermal stress based on biomimetic logger measurements were generally far more complex than anticipated based only on ‘habitat-level’ measurements of air or sea surface temperature. This unique data set provides an opportunity to link physiological measurements with spatially- and temporally-explicit field observations of body temperature.
Human whole genome genotype and transcriptome data for Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Allen Mariet , Carrasquillo Minerva M. , Funk Cory , Heavner Benjamin D. , Zou Fanggeng , Younkin Curtis S. , Burgess Jeremy D. , Chai High-Seng , Crook Julia , Eddy James A. , Li Hongdong , Logsdon Ben , Peters Mette A. , Dang Kristen K. , Wang Xue , Serie Daniel , Wang Chen , Nguyen Thuy , Lincoln Sarah , Malphrus Kimberly , Bisceglio Gina , Li Ma , Golde Todd E. , Mangravite Lara M. , Asmann Yan , Price Nathan D. , Petersen Ronald C. , Graff-Radford Neill R. , Dickson Dennis W. , Younkin Steven G. , Ertekin-Taner Nilüfer 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPrevious genome-wide association studies (GWAS), conducted by our group and others, have identified loci that harbor risk variants for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Human disease variants are enriched for polymorphisms that affect gene expression, including some that are known to associate with expression changes in the brain. Postulating that many variants confer risk to neurodegenerative disease via transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, we have analyzed gene expression levels in the brain tissue of subjects with AD and related diseases. Herein, we describe our collective datasets comprised of GWAS data from 2,099 subjects; microarray gene expression data from 773 brain samples, 186 of which also have RNAseq; and an independent cohort of 556 brain samples with RNAseq. We expect that these datasets, which are available to all qualified researchers, will enable investigators to explore and identify transcriptional mechanisms contributing to neurodegenerative diseases.
Genome-wide chromatin and gene expression profiling during memory formation and maintenance in adult mice
Authors: Centeno Tonatiuh Pena , Shomroni Orr , Hennion Magali , Halder Rashi , Vidal Ramon , Rahman Raza-Ur , Bonn Stefan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that the formation and maintenance of memory requires epigenetic changes. In an effort to understand the spatio-temporal extent of learning and memory-related epigenetic changes we have charted genome-wide histone and DNA methylation profiles, in two different brain regions, two cell types, and three time-points, before and after learning. In this data descriptor we provide detailed information on data generation, give insights into the rationale of experiments, highlight necessary steps to assess data quality, offer guidelines for future use of the data and supply ready-to-use code to replicate the analysis results. The data provides a blueprint of the gene regulatory network underlying short- and long-term memory formation and maintenance. This ‘healthy’ gene regulatory network of learning can now be compared to changes in neurological or psychiatric diseases, providing mechanistic insights into brain disorders and highlighting potential therapeutic avenues.
The effect of particle properties on the depth profile of buoyant plastics in the ocean
Authors: Kooi Merel , Reisser Julia , Slat Boyan , Ferrari Francesco F. , Schmid Moritz S. , Cunsolo Serena , Brambini Roberto , Noble Kimberly , Sirks Lys-Anne , Linders Theo E. W. , Schoeneich-Argent Rosanna I. , Koelmans Albert A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMost studies on buoyant microplastics in the marine environment rely on sea surface sampling. Consequently, microplastic amounts can be underestimated, as turbulence leads to vertical mixing. Models that correct for vertical mixing are based on limited data. In this study we report measurements of the depth profile of buoyant microplastics in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre, from 0 to 5 m depth. Microplastics were separated into size classes (0.5–1.5 and 1.5–5.0 mm) and types (‘fragments’ and ‘lines’) and associated with a sea state. Microplastic concentrations decreased exponentially with depth, with both sea state and particle properties affecting the steepness of the decrease. Concentrations approached zero within 5 m depth, indicating that most buoyant microplastics are present on or near the surface. Plastic rise velocities were also measured and were found to differ significantly for different sizes and shapes. Our results suggest that (1) surface samplers such as manta trawls underestimate total buoyant microplastic amounts by a factor of 1.04–30.0 and (2) estimations of depth-integrated buoyant plastic concentrations should be done across different particle sizes and types. Our findings can assist with improving buoyant ocean plastic vertical mixing models, mass balance exercises, impact assessments and mitigation strategies.
MgZnO High Voltage Thin Film Transistors on Glass for Inverters in Building Integrated Photovoltaics
Authors: Hong Wen-Chiang , Ku Chieh-Jen , Li Rui , Abbaslou Siamak , Reyes Pavel , Wang Szu-Ying , Li Guangyuan , Lu Ming , Sheng Kuang , Lu Yicheng 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBuilding integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) have attracted considerable interests because of its aesthetically attractive appearance and overall low cost. In BIPV, system integration on a glass substrate like windows is essential to cover a large area of a building with low cost. However, the conventional high voltage devices in inverters have to be built on the specially selected single crystal substrates, limiting its application for large area electronic systems, such as the BIPV. We demonstrate a Magnesium Zinc Oxide (MZO) based high voltage thin film transistor (HVTFT) built on a transparent glass substrate. The devices are designed with unique ring-type structures and use modulated Mg doping in the channel - gate dielectric interface, resulting in a blocking voltage of over 600 V. In addition to BIPV, the MZO HVTFT based inverter technology also creates new opportunities for emerging self-powered smart glass.
The amplitudes and the structure of the charge density wave in YBCO
Authors: Kharkov Y. A. , Sushkov O. P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe find unknown s- and d-wave amplitudes of the recently discovered charge density wave (CDW) in underdoped cuprates. To do so we perform a combined analysis of experimental data for ortho-II YBa2Cu3Oy. The analysis includes data on nuclear magnetic resonance, resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and hard X-ray diffraction. The amplitude of doping modulation found in our analysis is 3.5 · 10−3 in a low magnetic field and T = 60 K, the amplitude is 6.5 · 10−3 in a magnetic field of 30T and T = 1.3 K. The values are in units of elementary charge per unit cell of a CuO2 plane. We show that the data rule out a checkerboard pattern and we also show that the data might rule out mechanisms of the CDW which do not include phonons.