bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON OPTICAL BASICITY IN THE SODIUM OXIDE‐BORIC OXIDE GLASS SYSTEM
Authors: DUFFY J. A. , GRANT R. J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractGläser des Na,O‐B,O3‐Systems mit 0‐3 8% Na2O werden stufenweise von Zimmertemperatur bis ca. 600°C erhitzt und die dadurch ausgelösten Veränderungen des UV‐Absorptionsspektrums (speziell der ′So ‐ 3PI‐Bande) von Pb‐"Jndikatorionen beobachtet.
ChemInform Abstract: DETERMINATION OF KINETIC PARAMETERS FOR ENDOTHERMAL DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS UNDER NONISOTHERMAL CONDITIONS
Authors: HEIDE K. , HOELAND W. , GOELKER H. , SEYFARTH K. , MUELLER B. , SAUER R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUnter Verwendung des Berechnungsverfahrens nach Freeman und Carroll zur Bestimmung kinetischer Parameter aus nicht‐isothermen Messungen wird ein Rechenprogramm beschrieben, das es erlaubt, unter Verwendung von 17 kinetischen Modellgleichungen (chemische Reaktionen, Keimbildung, Phasengrenzreaktionen, Diffusion) den wahrscheinlichsten Reaktionsmechanismus zu bestimmen.
ChemInform Abstract: SIMPLE SYNTHESIS OF 1‐HALOGENBICYCLOOTANES
Authors: KRAUS WOLFGANG , GRAEF HANS‐DIETER 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas Tosylat (I) reagiert in Di‐ äthyläther mit wasserfreien Metallhalogeniden wie z.B. (II) oder TiCl4 oder FeCl3 zu den Halogeniden (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF TRIKETONES, 1,3‐DIARYL‐3‐(2′‐DIHYDRORESORCINYL)‐1‐PROPANONES
Authors: LELYUKH L. I. , KORSHUNOVA K. M. , KHARCHENKO V. G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDihydroresorcin bzw. Dimedon (I) reagieren mit Chalkonen (II) in Gegenwart von Piperidin oder besser Natriumäthylat zu den Triketonen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: ANTHOCYANIDINS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS. XVII. REACTIONS OF FLAVYLIUM SALTS AND 2‐HYDROXYCHALCONES WITH HYDROXYLAMINE AND HYDRAZINE
Authors: JURD L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas Flavyliumsalz (Ia) setzt sich mit Hydroxylamin zum Isoxazolin (II) um, das sich beim Erhitzen in das Isomere (III) umlagert.
ChemInform Abstract: PEPTIDES CONTAINING AMINOPHOSPHONIC ACIDS. III. SYNTHESIS OF TRIPEPTIDE ANALOGS CONTAINING AMINOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID
Authors: YAMAUCHI KIYOSHI , MITSUDA YASUHIRO , KINOSHITA MASAYOSHI 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas ′Phthalimidomethylphosphonat (Ia) wird zu (Ib) chloriert bzw. durch Behandeln mit Hydrazin in Äthanol bei Raumtemperatur zu dem Aminomethylphosphonat (II) abgebaut.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Coordination Compounds. Part 6. Thermogravimetric, Differential Thermogravimetric, Differential Thermal Analysis and Mass Spectrometric Studies of Some Cobalt(II), Nickel(II) and Copper(II) Salicylaldoximates, 2‐Indolecarboxylates and 2‐Thiophenecarboxylates.
Authors: LUMME PAAVO , KORVOLA MARJA‐LEENA 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie trans‐quadratisch‐planaren Titelverbindungen wurden ‐ zum Teil als Hydrate ‐ durch Zugabe von Salicylaldoxim und 2‐Indol‐ bzw. 2‐Thiophencarbonsäure zu Lösungen der Metallchloride dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: (PENTAMETHYLCYCLOPENTADIENYL)RHODIUM AND ‐IRIDIUM COMPLEXES. X. KINETICS OF THE REACTIONS OF CYCLIC AND ACYCLIC DIENES WITH μ‐HYDRIDO COMPOUNDS
Authors: LEE HING‐BIU , MOSELEY KEITH , WHITE COLIN , MAITLIS PETER M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie u‐Hydrido‐Komplexe (I) reagieren schnell mit Cyclooctadien‐(1,3) (II) und ‐(1,5) (III), Cyclohexadien‐(1,3) sowie ‐(1,4) unter Bildung cyclischer n‐ Allylkomplexe wie (IV), die jedoch reduktiv zu den Dien‐Komplexen (V) und (VI) zersetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF TUNGSTEN OXIDE TETRAFLUORIDE
Authors: MEINERT HASSO , FRIEDRICH LUTZ , KOHL WOLFGANG 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEs wird festgestellt, daß die Direktfluorierung des W in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff bei etwa 300°C und anschließende Sublimation die am besten geeignete Darstellungsmethode für WOF4 ist (Ausbeute 30%).
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF TERMINAL OLEFINS TO METHYL KETONES BY JONES REAGENT IS CATALYZED BY MERCURY(II)
Authors: ROGERS H. R. , MCDERMOTT J. X. , WHITESIDES G. M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEndständige Olefine (I) werden durch Behandlung mit Hg(II)‐ Salzen über die Zwischenstufen (II) mit Jonesreagens über (III) zu den Methylketonen (IV) oxidiert.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐CYCLOADDITION OF SINGLET OXYGEN TO 2‐VINYLTHIOPHENES
Authors: MATSUMOTO M. , DOBASHI S. , KONDO K. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Alkeny1thiophene (I) reagieren mit Singulett‐Sauerstoff in Tetrachlorkohlenstoff zu den cyclischen Peroxiden (II).
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLAMINOBIS(DIIODOPHOSPHINES)
Authors: GORBATENKO ZH. K. , ROZHDESTVENSKAYA I. T. , FESHCHENKO N. G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus Alkylamino‐bis‐dichlorphosphinen (Ia) bis (Ic) und NaJ entstehen die entsprechenden Bis‐dijodphosphine (IIa)‐(IIc).
ChemInform Abstract: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF TWO ISOMERS OF A MACROCYCLIC BINUCLEAR COMPOUND EACH CONTAINING BOTH DIVALENT AND TRIVALENT COBALT
Authors: HOSKINS BERNARD F. , WILLIAMS GEOFFREY A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAnhand der Kristallstrukturbestim‐ mung wird den beiden kristallinen Formen der nach bekannter Methode erhaltenen Verbindungen der Zusammensetzung LCo2Br3 ‐ 2 H2O die verschiedenen geometrischen Strukturen (I) und (II) zuerkannt.
Intensity‐modulated radiotherapy reduces toxicity with similar biochemical control compared with 3‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Viani Gustavo Arruda , Viana Bruno Silveira , Martin Jose Eduardo Chicareli , Rossi Bruno Tiago , Zuliani Gisele , Stefano Eduardo Jose 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this article was to report the results from a randomized clinical trial comparing intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with 3‐dimensonal conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for the treatment of prostate cancer on a hypofractionated schedule.METHODSThe authors randomly assigned 215 men who had localized prostate cancer to receive hypofractionated radiotherapy to a total dose of 70 grays (Gy) in 25 fractions (at 2.8 Gy per fraction) using either IMRT or 3DCRT. Acute and late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicity were prospectively evaluated according to modified Radiation Therapy Oncology Group criteria. Biochemical control was defined according to the Phoenix criteria (prostate‐specific antigen nadir + 2 ng/mL).RESULTSIn total, 215 patients were enrolled in the IMRT group (n = 109) or the 3DCRT group (n = 106). The 3DCRT arm had a 27% rate of grade ≥ 2 acute GU toxicity compared with a 9% rate in the IMRT arm (P = .001) and a 24% rate of grade ≥ 2 acute GI toxicity compared with a 7% rate in the IMRT arm (P = .001). The maximal rate of grade ≥2 late GU toxicity during the entire period of follow‐up was 3.7% in the IMRT group versus 12.3% in the 3DCRT group (P = .02). The maximal rate of grade ≥2 late GI toxicity during the entire follow‐up was 6.4% in the IMRT group versus 21.7% in the 3DCRT group (P = .001). The 5‐year rate of freedom from biochemical failure was 95.4% in the IMRT arm and 94.3% in the 3DCRT arm (P = .678).CONCLUSIONSIMRT reduced the delivery of significant radiation doses to the bladder and rectum using a similar target volume. This dosimetric advantage resulted in a lower rate of acute/late grade ≥ 2 GI and GU toxicity for IMRT compared with 3DCRT. Cancer 2016;122:2004–11. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
ExNa: an efficient search pattern for semantic search engines
Authors: Wei Xiao , Zeng Daniel Dajun 
Published: March 2016

SummaryRecent years have witnessed the emergence of new types of semantic search engines which attempt to overcome the defects of the traditional search engines by providing different search patterns. A big question here is that in order to achieve the semantic search engines (SSEs), what type(s) of search patterns should SSEs support? To help seek one of the many possible answers, in this paper we start with classifying and comparing current search engines, particularly from the perspective of search patterns which consist of index structure, user profiles, and interaction mechanism. We then present a novel search pattern named ExNa by defining its model and basic operations in detail. To validate the ExNa search pattern, we develop a prototype search engine named KNOWLE, and the experimental results show that KNOWLE equipped with ExNa can improve both the efficiency of the entire system when compared with search engines of other search patterns. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lipidation of Cysteine or Cysteine‐Containing Peptides Using the Thiol‐Ene Reaction (CLipPA)
Authors: Yang Sung‐Hyun , Harris Paul W. R. , Williams Geoffrey M. , Brimble Margaret A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe efficient synthesis of Nα‐protected S‐palmitoylated cysteine building blocks using thiol‐ene coupling is described. These building blocks were incorporated into a resin‐bound peptide under racemisation‐suppressing conditions, and the degree of racemisation during the coupling process was assessed. The direct conjugation of vinyl palmitate with the sulfhydryl side‐chain of a cysteine residue on a semiprotected peptide was also studied. The reaction gave both mono‐ and bispalmitoylated cysteine residues in varying proportions, depending on the reaction conditions adopted.
On user association and multiple access optimisation in 5G massive MIMO empowered ultra dense networks,
Authors: Gotsis Antonis G. , Panagopoulos Athanasios D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUltra network densification and massive multiple‐input and multiple‐output are considered major 5th generation technology enablers, promising huge capacity gains as they offer proximity, spectral and spatial reuse benefits. Towards succeeding in harnessing the anticipated gains, a systematic treatment of radio resources management challenges encountered in such network deployments is of utmost importance. In this respect, we introduce and study in detail the user‐association and multiple‐access optimisation aspects of massive multiple‐input and multiple‐output ultra dense networks. We derive for the first time to the best of our knowledge a series of mathematical programming models for computing the optimal user‐association decisions and assessing the impact of two multiple access candidate approaches, namely, frequency domain and spatial domain multiple access. We support the work with an extensive performance evaluation study, which reveals the rate scaling performance trends of the different approaches, considering various network operation conditions, as well as obtain useful design insights for future setups employing the particular technologies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Feasibility and relevance of level I substation node counts in oropharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Rassekh Christopher H. , O'Malley Bert W. , Bewley Arnaud F. , Montone Kathleen T. , Livolsi Virginia A. , Weinstein Gregory S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe inclusion of level I in neck dissections for oropharyngeal carcinoma remains controversial. Our objectives were to evaluate the feasibility and relevance of substation node counts in level I of the neck dissection and to determine the specific substation location of metastases in level I in oropharyngeal carcinoma.MethodsSixty specimens were retrospectively analyzed after an orientation using a new paradigm of demarcating level I specimens into 8 substations.ResultsThree of the specimens (5%) in this study showed nodal metastasis in level I, one each in 3 different substations. All positive nodes in level I were associated with N+ disease in level II with 2 being radiographically occult (3.3%). Average total node count for level I was 8.1 (range, 2–19).ConclusionIn oropharyngeal carcinoma, substation level I node quantification is feasible and relevant. This study shows a 5% risk to level I with metastasis in 3 different substations. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38:1194–1200, 2016
Sound production by a recoiling system in the pempheridae and terapontidae
Authors: Parmentier Eric , Fine Michael L. , Mok Hin‐Kiu 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTSound‐producing mechanisms in fishes are extraordinarily diversified. We report here original mechanisms of three species from two families: the pempherid Pempheris oualensis, and the terapontids Terapon jarbua and Pelates quadrilineatus. All sonic mechanisms are built on the same structures. The rostral part of the swimbladder is connected to a pair of large sonic muscles from the head whereas the posterior part is fused with bony widenings of vertebral bodies. Two bladder regions are separated by a stretchable fenestra that allows forward extension of the anterior bladder during muscle contraction. A recoiling apparatus runs between the inner face of the anterior swimbladder and a vertebral body expansion. The elastic nature of the recoiling apparatus supports its role in helping the swimbladder to recover its initial position during sonic muscle relaxation. This system should aid fast contraction (between 100 and 250Hz) of sonic muscles. There are many differences between species in terms of the swimbladder and its attachments to the vertebral column, muscle origins, and morphology of the recoiling apparatus. The recoiling apparatus found in the phylogenetically‐related families (Glaucosomatidae, Pempheridae, Terapontidae) could indicate a new character within the Percomorpharia. J. Morphol. 277:717–724, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Initial report of near‐infrared fluorescence imaging as an intraoperative adjunct for lymph node harvesting during robot‐assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy
Authors: Herrera‐Almario Gabriel , Patane Michael , Sarkaria Inderpal , Strong Vivian E. 
Published: March 2016

IntroductionAdequate lymphadenectomy is a fundamental aspect of oncologically sound gastrectomies. Robot‐assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy is a minimally invasive alternative that allows functional imaging to be easily integrated to the surgical field and may aid in intraoperative identification of lymphovascular bundles.MethodsIndocyanine green application and near‐infrared fluorescence imaging were used during robot‐assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy as an adjunct for the identification of relevant lymph node basins in real time.ResultsA total of 31 patients were included. Twenty‐nine gastrectomies were performed for adenocarcinoma and two wedge resections for neuroendocrine tumors. The mean lymph node retrieval was twenty‐nine (range 17–61) for adenocarcinoma and five for neuroendocrine tumors. In all cases, at least five lymph nodes were seen along the main nodal basins, which provided real time intraoperative feedback regarding lymph node identification. Average time for indocyanine green application and functional imaging was less than 10 min.ConclusionsNear‐infrared fluorescent imaging may provide an improved method to help visualize lymph nodes intraoperatively during robot‐assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy, thus adding a potentially valuable adjunct for lymphadenectomy and overall lymph node retrieval. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:768–770. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Seed Removal due to Overland Flow on Abandoned Slopes in the Chinese Hilly Gullied Loess Plateau Region
Authors: Yu Wei‐Jie , Jiao Ju‐Ying , Chen Yu , Wang Dong‐Li , Wang Ning , Zhao Heng‐Kang 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTheories and empirical evidences suggest that seed removal due to overland flow can result two main spatial outcomes, seed redistribution and seed loss. However, it is not fully understood in some sensitive habitats, such as in abandoned cropland of the Chinese hilly gullied Loess Plateau region. This study evaluates seed redistribution patterns in major micro‐sites including eroded, deposited and trap micro‐sites, characterizes seed loss by using runoff plot, and explores the effect of vegetation coverage and rainfall on seed loss along three abandoned slopes in the Zhifanggou watershed. Soil seed bank densities in eroded, deposited and trap micro‐sites were recorded at 4,482, 7,697 and 5,649 seeds m−2, respectively. Seed density of loss due to overland flow in 2011 and 2012 were recorded at 52 and 27 seeds m−2, respectively. Seed loss rate, which was the ratio of seed loss density to the mean density of soil seed banks in the three micro‐sites due to soil erosion during the study period was 0 · 6%. Seed densities of loss exhibited an exponent relationship with natural erosive rainfalls, and significant correlations were not found between seed loss and vegetation coverage. Therefore, soil erosion resulted in seed redistribution and caused seeds to concentrate in soils or on soil surfaces in trap or deposited micro‐sites. Seed loss was affected by erosive rainfall significantly, but it could not cause the loss of large quantities of seeds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Carbon and Nitrogen Losses from Soil Depend on Degradation of Tibetan Kobresia Pastures
Authors: Liu Shibin , Schleuss Per‐Marten , Kuzyakov Yakov 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDegradation of Kobresia pygmaea pastures has strongly increased on the Tibetan Plateau over the last few decades and contributed to a high loss of soil organic carbon and nutrients. The pathways of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) losses from degraded K. pygmaea pastures are still unclear, but this is a prerequisite to assess the recovery of Tibetan grasslands. We investigated the response of day‐ and nighttime CO2 efflux and leaching of dissolved organic C and N, NH4+ and NO3‐ from K. pygmaea root mats in three degradation stages: living root mat, dying root mat and dead root mat. Dying root mat had the highest C loss as CO2 and as leached dissolved organic carbon. This indicates K. pygmaea pastures shift from a C sink to a C source following plant death. In contrast, living root mat had the lowest daytime CO2 efflux (0·38 ± 0·1 µg C g−1 h−1) because CO2 was assimilated via photosynthesis. Nighttime CO2 efflux positively correlated with soil moisture for living and dead root mats. It indicates that increasing precipitation might accelerate C losses due to enhanced soil organic carbon decomposition. Furthermore, dead root mat had the highest average NO3− loss (23 ± 2·6 mg N L−1) from leaching compared with other root mats. Consequently, leaching increases the negative impacts of pasture degradation on N availability in these often N limited ecosystems and thus impedes the recovery of K. pastures following degradation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Power density dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy and Raman mapping of semi‐polar and polar InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well samples
Authors: Southern‐Holland Rachel , Halsall Matthew , Wang Tao , Gong Yipin 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe present a study of polar and semi‐polar InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) samples. Power density dependent photoluminescence (PL) was conducted on the samples. The polar sample exhibited a large blue shift of 65 nm in the peak PL from low to high power density compared to 10 nm for the semi polar sample. The semi‐polar sample displayed “chevron” shaped surface features. These chevrons were mapped using micro‐PL spectroscopy and showed a red shift of 10 nm at the “join” of the chevron. Raman mapping of the chevron also showed an increase in amplitude of the Raman shift in this area. Angle dependent polarised Raman measurements were conducted on the semi‐polar sample to potentially isolate the scattering from the InGaN layers. However, polarised mapping exhibited similar behaviour to the unpolarised maps at the chevron join, indicating that the GaN bulk layer is responsible for the observed scattering. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Comparative performance assessment of SiC and GaN power rectifier technologies
Authors: Chowdhury Sauvik , Chow T. Paul 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSilicon carbide and gallium nitride based Schottky and pin junction power rectifiers offer different performance trade‐offs in terms of metrics such as forward voltage drop, switching energy loss and surge current capability. The goal of this paper is to identify the application space for different rectifier technologies. An analytical comparison between the performance of different power rectifier diodes for breakdown voltages ranging from 600V to over 8 kV is presented. It is shown that although GaN SBD offers some advantage over SiC diodes due to lower losses, low surge current capability of GaN may hinder its widespread adoption in applications. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
3.2 mΩcm2 enhancement‐mode GaN MOSFETs with breakdown voltage of 800 V
Authors: Saito Hisashi , Yumoto Miki , Fukatsu Shigeto , Kajiwara Yosuke , Shindome Aya , Oasa Kohei , Takada Yoshiharu , Tsuda Kunio , Kuraguchi Masahiko 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEnhancement‐mode GaN metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MOSFETs) have been reported. We utilized the atomic layer deposition (ALD) method for the fabrication process of the gate dielectric, in order to suppress plasma damage and obtain high‐quality dielectric film. In the fabricated devices, the specific on‐state resistance of 3.2 mΩcm2 and the breakdown voltage of 800 V were achieved. Moreover, a 10‐year lifetime with a cumulative failure rate of 0.1% was guaranteed at over 20 V. This voltage was twice the operation voltage of 10 V. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Preserving Parathyroid Gland Vasculature to Reduce Post‐thyroidectomy Hypocalcemia
Authors: Park Inhye , Rhu Jinsoo , Woo Jung‐Woo , Choi Jun‐Ho , Kim Jee Soo , Kim Jung‐Han 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe failure to preserve parathyroid function in patients who have undergone total thyroidectomy is of major concern, because hypocalcemia is difficult to prevent and remains a common postoperative complication. Here, we describe procedures designed to preserve the vasculature supplying the parathyroid glands and examine both recent outcomes and retrospective reports of results obtained prior to the application of these preservation techniques.MethodsOur technique for preserving parathyroid function during thyroidectomy was adopted in 2009 and involves separating a relatively long segment of a vessel distally from the thyroid gland. We reviewed the medical records of 1,411 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy, with or without lateral neck dissection, at the Samsung Medical Center from January 2006 through June 2014 to determine outcomes. Patients were divided into three groups according to the time period during which the surgery took place: Group A, 2006–2008 (before the vasculature‐preserving technique was applied); Group B, 2009–2011 (the time when the technique was first adopted); and Group C, 2012–2014 (more recent results of the technique). We analyzed the incidence of hypoparathyroidism in the three groups, as well as risk factors that influenced its development.ResultsThe rates of transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism in Group A were 25.4 and 4.3 %, respectively. However, the incidence of hypoparathyroidism decreased significantly over time after the vasculature‐preserving procedure was adopted. Transient hypoparathyroidism developed in 4.8 % of Group C patients, and only four (0.7 %) of the 565 patients in this group required calcium supplementation, despite the fact that a greater number of patients were included who underwent total thyroidectomy combined with lateral neck dissection. Although female sex and lateral neck dissection tended to increase the rate of transient hypoparathyroidism, multivariate analysis showed that the vasculature‐preserving procedure was the only significant risk factor related to postoperative hypoparathyroidism.ConclusionThe blood flow of the final branch to the parathyroid gland is mostly in the lateral‐to‐medial direction; therefore, mobilization and preservation of the vessels lateral to the gland is essential to prevent devascularization of the parathyroid gland.