bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iodine concentration of milk-alternative drinks available in the UK in comparison with cows’ milk
Authors: Bath Sarah C. , Hill Sarah , Infante Heidi Goenaga , Elghul Sarah , Nezianya Carolina J. , Rayman Margaret P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIodine deficiency is present in certain groups of the UK population, notably in pregnant women; this is of concern as iodine is required for fetal brain development. UK milk is rich in iodine and is the principal dietary iodine source. UK sales of milk-alternative drinks are increasing but data are lacking on their iodine content. As consumers may replace iodine-rich milk with milk-alternative drinks, we aimed to measure the iodine concentration of those available in the UK. Using inductively coupled plasma-MS, we determined the iodine concentration of seven types of milk-alternative drink (soya, almond, coconut, oat, rice, hazelnut and hemp) by analysing forty-seven products purchased in November/December 2015. For comparison, winter samples of conventional (n5) and organic (n5) cows’ milk were included. The median iodine concentration of all of the unfortified milk-alternative drinks (n44) was low, at 7·3 μg/kg, just 1·7 % of our value for winter conventional cows’ milk (median 438 μg/kg). One brand (not the market leader), fortified its soya, oat and rice drinks with iodine and those drinks had a higher iodine concentration than unfortified drinks, at 280, 287 and 266 μg/kg, respectively. The iodine concentration of organic milk (median 324 μg/kg) was lower than that of conventional milk. Although many milk-alternative drinks are fortified with Ca, at the time of this study, just three of forty-seven drinks were fortified with iodine. Individuals who consume milk-alternative drinks that are not fortified with iodine in place of cows’ milk may be at risk of iodine deficiency unless they consume alternative dietary iodine sources.
A CRITERION FOR THE JACOBSON SEMISIMPLICITY OF THE GREEN RING OF A FINITE TENSOR CATEGORY
Authors: WANG ZHIHUA , LI LIBIN , ZHANG YINHUO 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper deals with the Green ring $\mathcal{G}(\mathcal{C})$ of a finite tensor category $\mathcal{C}$ with finitely many isomorphism classes of indecomposable objects over an algebraically closed field. The first part of this paper deals with the question of when the Green ring $\mathcal{G}(\mathcal{C})$, or the Green algebra $\mathcal{G}(\mathcal{C})\otimes_{\mathbb {Z}}$K over a field K, is Jacobson semisimple (namely, has zero Jacobson radical). It turns out that $\mathcal{G}(\mathcal{C})\otimes_{\mathbb {Z}}$K is Jacobson semisimple if and only if the Casimir number of $\mathcal{C}$ is not zero in K. For the Green ring $\mathcal{G}(\mathcal{C})$ itself, $\mathcal{G}(\mathcal{C})$ is Jacobson semisimple if and only if the Casimir number of $\mathcal{C}$ is not zero. The second part of this paper focuses on the case where $\mathcal{C}=\text{Rep}(\mathbb {k}G)$ for a cyclic group G of order p over a field $\mathbb {k}$ of characteristic p. In this case, the Casimir number of $\mathcal{C}$ is computable and is shown to be 2p2. This leads to a complete description of the Jacobson radical of the Green algebra $\mathcal{G}(\mathcal{C})\otimes_{\mathbb {Z}}$K over any field K.
Behavioral Consequences of Probabilistic Precision: Experimental Evidence from National Security Professionals
Authors: Friedman Jeffrey A. , Lerner Jennifer S. , Zeckhauser Richard 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNational security is one of many fields where experts make vague probability assessments when evaluating high-stakes decisions. This practice has always been controversial, and it is often justified on the grounds that making probability assessments too precise could bias analysts or decision makers. Yet these claims have rarely been submitted to rigorous testing. In this paper, we specify behavioral concerns about probabilistic precision into falsifiable hypotheses which we evaluate through survey experiments involving national security professionals. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we find that decision makers responding to quantitative probability assessments are less willing to support risky actions and more receptive to gathering additional information. Yet we also find that when respondents estimate probabilities themselves, quantification magnifies overconfidence, particularly among low-performing assessors. These results hone wide-ranging concerns about probabilistic precision into a specific and previously undocumented bias that training may be able to correct.
Multiple origins of parasitic feminization: thelygeny and intersexuality in beach-hoppers are caused by paramyxid parasites, not microsporidia
Authors: PICKUP JAMES , IRONSIDE JOSEPH EDWARD 
Published: September 2017

SUMMARYWithin populations of the amphipod crustaceansOrchestia gammarellusandOrchestia aestuarensis, a proportion of females produce thelygenic (female-only) broods, which often contain intersexual individuals. This phenomenon is associated with the presence of two putative feminizing parasites, the paramyxidParamarteilia orchestiaeand the microsporidianDictyocoela cavimanum, which frequently co-infect the same host. In order to determine which of the parasites causes feminization,Orchestiawere resampled from the type locality ofP. orchestiaein France and from another population in the UK. Breeding experiments indicated that femaleO. gammarellusinfected withP. orchestiaeproduced a significantly higher proportion of female and intersex offspring than uninfected females, even in the absence ofD. cavimanum. There was no difference in mortality between infected and uninfected broods, indicating that the paramyxid alters the sex ratio through feminization rather than male-killing. AlthoughD. cavimanumalso displays a female-biased prevalence inOrchestiapopulations, this is due to co-infection withP. orchestiae, indicating that the paramyxid, rather than the microsporidian, is the cause of feminization in theseOrchestiapopulations.
MicroRNA expression profile in RAW264·7 macrophage cells exposed toEchinococcus multilocularismetacestodes
Authors: GUO XIAOLA , ZHENG YADONG 
Published: September 2017

SUMMARYMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs, involved in the regulation of parasite diseases. However, a role of miRNAs inEchinococcus multilocularisinfection remains largely unknown. In this study, we first found the expression levels of key genes involved in miRNA biogenesis and function, includingAgo2,Xpo5,Tarbp2andDgcR8, were obviously altered in the macrophage RAW264·7 cells exposed toE. multilocularismetacestodes. Compared with the control, 18 and 32 known miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed (P< 0·05 and fold change >2) in the macrophages exposed toE. multilocularismetacestodes for 6 and 12 h, respectively. Among these, several are known to be involved in regulating cytokine activities and immune responses. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results showed that the expression of nine selected miRNAs was consistent with the sequencing data at each treatment time points. Moreover, there were statistically significant correlations between the expression levels of miRNAs and their corresponding targeted genes. Our data give us some clues to pinpoint a role of miRNAs in the course of infection and immunity ofE. multilocularis.
Comparison of boiling and chlorination on the quality of stored drinking water and childhood diarrhoea in Indonesian households
Authors: FAGERLI K. , TRIVEDI K. K. , SODHA S. V. , BLANTON E. , ATI A. , NGUYEN T. , DELEA K. C. , AINSLIE R. , FIGUEROA M. E. , KIM S. , QUICK R. 
Published: September 2017

SUMMARYWe compared the impact of a commercial chlorination product (brand name Air RahMat) in stored drinking water to traditional boiling practices in Indonesia. We conducted a baseline survey of all households with children <5 years in four communities, made 11 subsequent weekly home visits to assess acceptability and use of water treatment methods, measured Escherichia coli concentration in stored water, and determined diarrhoea prevalence among children <5 years. Of 281 households surveyed, boiling (83%) and Air RahMat (7%) were the principal water treatment methods. Multivariable log-binomial regression analyses showed lower risk of E. coli in stored water treated with Air RahMat than boiling (risk ratio (RR) 0·75, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·56–1·00). The risk of diarrhoea in children <5 years was lower among households using Air RahMat (RR 0·43, 95% CI 0·19–0·97) than boiling, and higher in households with E. coli concentrations of 1–1000 MPN/100 ml (RR 1·54, 95% CI 1·04–2·28) or >1000 MPN/100 ml (RR 1·86, 95% CI 1·09–3·19) in stored water than in households without detectable E. coli. Although results suggested that Air RahMat water treatment was associated with lower E. coli contamination and diarrhoeal rates among children <5 years than water treatment by boiling, Air RahMat use remained low.
Prevalence, correlates, and impact of depressive and anxiety disorder in cancer: Findings from a multicenter study
Authors: Shim Eun-Jung , Hahm Bong-Jin , Yu Eun-Seung , Kim Ha Kyoung , Cho Seong Jin , Chang Sung Man , Yang Jong-Chul , Kim Jong-Heun 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTObjective:Our aim was to examine the prevalence, correlates, and association of depressive and anxiety disorders with quality of life (QoL) and such other outcomes as the need for psychosocial services in cancer patients.Method:A total of 400 patients participated in a multicenter survey involving five cancer centers located throughout Korea. The Short-Form Health Survey, the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, the Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MINI-MAC), and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview were administered.Results:The prevalence rates for depressive and anxiety disorders were 16 and 17.1%, respectively. Younger age and poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and all physical symptoms, as well as helplessness/hopelessness, anxious preoccupation (AP), and cognitive avoidance (CA) on the MINI-MAC were found to be significantly related to depressive disorder (DD) in a univariate logistic regression analysis. Metastases, the symptoms of disturbed sleep, dry mouth, and numbness or tingling, as well as AP and CA were significantly correlated with anxiety disorder (AD) in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analyses, only AP was significant for AD (odds ratio = 2.94,p< 0.001), while none reached statistical significance for DD. Psychiatric comorbidity status had a detrimental effect on various dimensions of QoL. Patients with DD or AD reported a significantly higher need for professional psychosocial services.Significance of results:Given the substantial prevalence and pervasive impact of DD and AD on various aspects of QoL, its assessment and care should be integrated as a regular part of oncological care throughout the cancer continuum.
Comparison of optimization methods for core subset selection from a large collection of Mexican wheat landraces characterized by SNP markers
Authors: Acuña-Matamoros Carlos L. , Reyes-Valdés M. Humberto 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCore subset selection from collections hosted by seed banks, grow in importance as the number of accessions and genetic marker information rapidly increases. A data set of 20,526 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers characterizing 7986 Mexican creole wheat landraces, was used to test 11 methods for core subset selection, through optimization criteria containing average genetic distance and genetic diversity. Allele richness was used as an additional criterion to qualify the generated core subsets. Three replications with random samples of 1500 SNP loci, each comprising a maximum of 3000 alleles, were used to perform the method evaluations through four different objective functions. The LR greedy search (LR) and LR with random first pair (LRSemi) were consistently best across all assays for maximizing the objective functions, and they performed well even for criteria not included in those functions. The Tukey's HSD (honest significant difference) multiple comparisons grouped those methods together with the sequential forward selection (SFS) and SFS with random first pair (SFSSemi) strategies as the top set of approaches. All of them are simple heuristic maximization algorithms, and outperformed two more sophisticated optimization approaches: parallel mixed replica exchange and replica exchange Monte Carlo. For their efficiency to optimize the objective functions and computing speed, the LRSemi and SFSSemi methods demonstrated to be good alternatives for core subset selection from large collections of highly homozygous accessions characterized by many biallelic markers.
Suicide-related behaviours in schizophrenia in China: a comprehensive meta-analysis
Authors: Dong M. , Wang S. B. , Wang F. , Zhang L. , Ungvari G. S. , Ng C. H. , Meng X. , Yuan Z. , Wang G. , Xiang Y. T. 
Published: September 2017

Aims.Suicide-related behaviours are common in schizophrenia and are significantly associated with premature death. The objective of this meta-analysis study was to estimate the pooled prevalence of suicide-related behaviours in schizophrenia patients in China.Methods.The relevant literature was searched systematically via the relevant electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Databases and Chinese Biological Medical Literature Database) from their inception until 14 September 2016. Only original studies that reported the prevalence of suicide-related behaviours including suicidal ideation (SI), suicide plan, suicide attempt (SA) and completed suicide were selected.Results.Nineteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were analysed. The pooled lifetime prevalence of SI and SA were 25.8% (95% CI 14.7–41.1%) and 14.6% (95% CI 9.1–22.8%), respectively. The 1-month prevalence of SI was 22.0% (95% CI 18.2–26.4%). Subgroup analyses of lifetime SI and SA showed that gender, sample size, survey year, study location and source of patients have no significant mediating effects on the results.Conclusions.Suicide-related behaviours are common in Chinese schizophrenia patients. Due to the high mortality risk, regular screening and effective suicide prevention programmes are warranted.
Association between schizophrenia and an autoimmune bullous skin disease-pemphigus: a population-based large-scale study
Authors: Kridin K. , Zelber-Sagi S. , Comaneshter D. , Cohen A. D. 
Published: September 2017

Aims.Immunological hypotheses have become increasingly prominent suggesting that autoimmunity may be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia was found to be associated with a wide range of autoimmune diseases. However, the association between pemphigus and schizophrenia has not been established yet. We aimed to estimate the association between pemphigus and schizophrenia using a large-scale real-life computerised database.Methods.This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study utilising the database of Clalit Health Services. The proportion of schizophrenia was compared between patients diagnosed with pemphigus and age-, gender- and ethnicity-matched control subjects. Univariate analysis was performed usingχ2and Student'st-test and a multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model.Results.A total of 1985 pemphigus patients and 9874 controls were included in the study. The prevalence of schizophrenia was greater in patients with pemphigus as compared to the control group (2.0%v. 1.3%, respectively;p= 0.019). In a multivariate analysis, pemphigus was significantly associated with schizophrenia (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1–2.2). The association was more prominent among females, patients older than 60 years, and Jews.Conclusions.Pemphigus is significantly associated with schizophrenia. Physicians treating patients with pemphigus should be aware of this possible association. Patients with pemphigus should be carefully assessed for comorbid schizophrenia and be treated appropriately.
Spatial distribution of disease-associated variants in three-dimensional structures of protein complexes
Authors: Gress A , Ramensky V , Kalinina O V 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNext-generation sequencing enables simultaneous analysis of hundreds of human genomes associated with a particular phenotype, for example, a disease. These genomes naturally contain a lot of sequence variation that ranges from single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) to large-scale structural rearrangements. In order to establish a functional connection between genotype and disease-associated phenotypes, one needs to distinguish disease drivers from neutral passenger variants. Functional annotation based on experimental assays is feasible only for a limited number of candidate mutations. Thus alternative computational tools are needed. A possible approach to annotating mutations functionally is to consider their spatial location relative to functionally relevant sites in three-dimensional (3D) structures of the harboring proteins. This is impeded by the lack of available protein 3D structures. Complementing experimentally resolved structures with reliable computational models is an attractive alternative. We developed a structure-based approach to characterizing comprehensive sets of non-synonymous single-nucleotide variants (nsSNVs): associated with cancer, non-cancer diseases and putatively functionally neutral. We searched experimentally resolved protein 3D structures for potential homology-modeling templates for proteins harboring corresponding mutations. We found such templates for all proteins with disease-associated nsSNVs, and 51 and 66% of proteins carrying common polymorphisms and annotated benign variants. Many mutations caused by nsSNVs can be found in protein–protein, protein–nucleic acid or protein–ligand complexes. Correction for the number of available templates per protein reveals that protein–protein interaction interfaces are not enriched in either cancer nsSNVs, or nsSNVs associated with non-cancer diseases. Whereas cancer-associated mutations are enriched in DNA-binding proteins, they are rarely located directly in DNA-interacting interfaces. In contrast, mutations associated with non-cancer diseases are in general rare in DNA-binding proteins, but enriched in DNA-interacting interfaces in these proteins. All disease-associated nsSNVs are overrepresented in ligand-binding pockets, and nsSNVs associated with non-cancer diseases are additionally enriched in protein core, where they probably affect overall protein stability.
TNFα-YAP/p65-HK2 axis mediates breast cancer cell migration
Authors: Gao Y , Yang Y , Yuan F , Huang J , Xu W , Mao B , Yuan Z , Bi W 
Published: September 2017

AbstractClinical and experimental evidence indicates that macrophages could promote solid-tumor progression and metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Here we show that yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), a transcriptional regulator that controls tissue growth and regeneration, has an important role in tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α)-induced breast cancer migration. Mechanistically, macrophage conditioned medium (CM) or TNFα triggers IκB kinases (IKKs)-mediated YAP phosphorylation and activation in breast cancer cells. We further found that TNFα or macrophage CM treatment increases the interaction between p65 and YAP. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay shows that YAP/TEAD (TEA domain family member) and p65 proteins synergistically regulate the transcription of hexokinase 2 (HK2), a speed-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, and promotes TNFα-induced or macrophage CM-induced cell migration. Together, our findings indicate an important role of TNFα-IKK-YAP/p65-HK2 signaling axis in the process of inflammation-driven migration in breast cancer cells, which reveals a new molecular link between inflammation and breast cancer metastasis.
CNV-association meta-analysis in 191,161 European adults reveals new loci associated with anthropometric traits
Authors: Macé Aurélien , Tuke Marcus A. , Deelen Patrick , Kristiansson Kati , Mattsson Hannele , Nõukas Margit , Sapkota Yadav , Schick Ursula , Porcu Eleonora , Rüeger Sina , McDaid Aaron F. , Porteous David , Winkler Thomas W. , Salvi Erika , Shrine Nick , Liu Xueping , Ang Wei Q. , Zhang Weihua , Feitosa Mary F. , Venturini Cristina , van der Most Peter J. , Rosengren Anders , Wood Andrew R. , Beaumont Robin N. , Jones Samuel E. , Ruth Katherine S. , Yaghootkar Hanieh , Tyrrell Jessica , Havulinna Aki S. , Boers Harmen , Mägi Reedik , Kriebel Jennifer , Müller-Nurasyid Martina , Perola Markus , Nieminen Markku , Lokki Marja-Liisa , Kähönen Mika , Viikari Jorma S. , Geller Frank , Lahti Jari , Palotie Aarno , Koponen Päivikki , Lundqvist Annamari , Rissanen Harri , Bottinger Erwin P. , Afaq Saima , Wojczynski Mary K. , Lenzini Petra , Nolte Ilja M. , Sparsø Thomas , Schupf Nicole , Christensen Kaare , Perls Thomas T. , Newman Anne B. , Werge Thomas , Snieder Harold , Spector Timothy D. , Chambers John C. , Koskinen Seppo , Melbye Mads , Raitakari Olli T. , Lehtimäki Terho , Tobin Martin D. , Wain Louise V. , Sinisalo Juha , Peters Annette , Meitinger Thomas , Martin Nicholas G. , Wray Naomi R. , Montgomery Grant W. , Medland Sarah E. , Swertz Morris A. , Vartiainen Erkki , Borodulin Katja , Männistö Satu , Murray Anna , Bochud Murielle , Jacquemont Sébastien , Rivadeneira Fernando , Hansen Thomas F. , Oldehinkel Albertine J. , Mangino Massimo , Province Michael A. , Deloukas Panos , Kooner Jaspal S. , Freathy Rachel M. , Pennell Craig , Feenstra Bjarke , Strachan David P. , Lettre Guillaume , Hirschhorn Joel , Cusi Daniele , Heid Iris M. , Hayward Caroline , Männik Katrin , Beckmann Jacques S. , Loos Ruth J. F. , Nyholt Dale R. , Metspalu Andres , Eriksson Johan G. , Weedon Michael N. , Salomaa Veikko , Franke Lude , Reymond Alexandre , Frayling Timothy M. , Kutalik Zoltán 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThere are few examples of robust associations between rare copy number variants (CNVs) and complex continuous human traits. Here we present a large-scale CNV association meta-analysis on anthropometric traits in up to 191,161 adult samples from 26 cohorts. The study reveals five CNV associations at 1q21.1, 3q29, 7q11.23, 11p14.2, and 18q21.32 and confirms two known loci at 16p11.2 and 22q11.21, implicating at least one anthropometric trait. The discovered CNVs are recurrent and rare (0.01–0.2%), with large effects on height (>2.4 cm), weight (>5 kg), and body mass index (BMI) (>3.5 kg/m2). Burden analysis shows a 0.41 cm decrease in height, a 0.003 increase in waist-to-hip ratio and increase in BMI by 0.14 kg/m2 for each Mb of total deletion burden (P = 2.5 × 10−10, 6.0 × 10−5, and 2.9 × 10−3). Our study provides evidence that the same genes (e.g., MC4R, FIBIN, and FMO5) harbor both common and rare variants affecting body size and that anthropometric traits share genetic loci with developmental and psychiatric disorders.