bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mexican Hispanics show significant improvement in lung function approximately 1 year after having severe COVID‐19
Authors: Cortes‐Telles Arturo , Solís‐Díaz Luis Alberto , Mateos‐Toledo Heidegger , Guenette Jordan A. , Zavorsky Gerald Stanley 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe long‐term effects of COVID‐19 on lung function are not understood, especially for periods extending beyond 1 year after infection. This observational, longitudinal study investigated lung function in Mexican Hispanics who experienced severe COVID‐19, focusing on how the length of recovery affects lung function improvements. At a specialized COVID‐19 follow‐up clinic in Yucatan, Mexico, lung function and symptoms were assessed in patients who had recovered from severe COVID‐19. We used z‐scores, and Wilcoxon's signed rank test to analyse changes in lung function over time. Lung function was measured twice in 82 patients: the first and second measurements were taken a median of 94 and 362 days after COVID‐19 diagnosis, respectively. Initially, 61% of patients exhibited at least one of several pulmonary function abnormalities (lower limit of normal = –1.645), which decreased to 22% of patients by 390 days post‐recovery. Considering day‐to‐day variability in lung function, 68% of patients showed improvement by the final visit, while 30% had unchanged lung function from the initial assessment. Computed tomography (CT) scans revealed ground‐glass opacities in 33% of patients. One year after infection, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide z‐scores accounted for 30% of the variation in CT fibrosis scores. There was no significant correlation between the length of recovery and improvement in lung function based on z‐scores. In conclusion, 22% of patients who recovered from severe COVID‐19 continued to show at least one lung function abnormality 1 year after recovery, indicating a prolonged impact of COVID‐19 on lung health.
Results Assessment Methods of Health-Related Fitness Test Batteries in School-Based Physical Education Programs: A Global Comparison
Authors: Yang Anlu , Hamilton Xiaofen D. , Wang Yongshun , Smolianov Peter , Castro-Piñero Jose , Guan Jianmin , Dolmatova Tamara , Zhang Xin , Zhang Jiren , Zhan Enyan , Hamilton Mark F. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the result assessment approaches used in the widely implemented health-related fitness batteries in school-based physical education programs. Method: Fitness test batteries implemented in the European Union (Assessing Levels of Physical Activity and Fitness), China (China’s National Physical Fitness Testing), the United States (Fitnessgram), and Russia (Ready for Labor and Defense [Gotov k Trudu i Oborone [GTO]]) were included in the study. The document analysis method was used to identify commonalities and differences of results assessment methods in the above test batteries. Results: It was found that the norm-referenced method has been used in Assessing Levels of Physical Activity and Fitness, China’s National Physical Fitness Testing, and GTO, and only Fitnessgram used the criterion-referenced method. Among the three norm-referenced evaluation methods, there were two variations: (a) total numerical points used in CNPFT, and (b) categories employed in Assessing Levels of Physical Activity and Fitness and GTO. Conclusions: Both norm-referenced and criterion-referenced evaluations were used in the current youth health-related fitness test batteries, suggesting that the current understanding of the purpose of school-based-fitness testing in schools has not reached a consensus.
The development of a pull-apart basin in response to collision of the irregular South China continental margin with Indochina
Authors: Ma Si-Yuan , He Bin , Xia Xiao-Ping , Li Peng-Fei , Lai Chun-Kit , Bartoli Omar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The collision of Indochina and South China has played a significant role in shaping the current tectonic configuration of mainland Southeast Asia. However, its specifics are still debated. To better constrain the development and nature of the collision, we conducted a study of the Shiwandashan basin in the southwestern South China block that employed integrated basin analysis methods including detrital zircon provenance analysis. The Shiwandashan basin is ~200 km long and 60 km wide, and features a V-shaped cross-sectional profile. Our study reveals that the Lopingian Series in the basin thickens rapidly from the northwestern and southeastern edges toward the center of the basin. The formation of the basin appears to have been influenced by intense compressive strike-slip faults during the Lopingian Epoch. However, the sedimentary structures within the basin also display characteristics consistent with an extensional setting, including slump deposits and soft-sediment deformation, along with rapid depositional rates and abrupt changes in depositional facies. Furthermore, Lopingian to Early Triassic igneous rocks within the basin exhibit geochemical signatures that are indicative of an extensional setting. Provenance analyses reveal two distinct source areas controlled by basinal faults. The northwestern part of the basin contains detrital zircons dating from 297 Ma to 253 Ma, with a peak of 270 Ma, while a similar detrital zircon age peak is not found in the southeastern part of the basin. These findings suggest the coexistence of extensional and compressive structures and distinct sediment sources during the Lopingian. Our analysis provides new insights into the tectonic evolution of the Shiwandashan basin and suggests that it may have been a pull-apart basin influenced by the diachronous collision of the Indochina block with the irregular margins of the South China block.
Association between coexisting hypertension, dyslipidaemia and elevated C reactive protein with cardiovascular disease and mortality: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis in a representative cohort of older US adults
Authors: Karadimas Thomas Leonidas , Meier Helen C S 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveHypertension and dyslipidaemia are established risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) but they are often insufficient on their own to predict CVD. Inflammation also contributes to CVD, but research on the co-occurrence of inflammation, hypertension and dyslipidaemia and CVD risk is limited. Knowledge of inflammatory status in addition to other risk factors is vital for clinicians to correctly evaluate patients for CVD risk.MethodsProspective data from the Health and Retirement Study, a representative cohort of US adults over 50 years of age (n=7895), were used. The average participant age was 68.8 years, and 54.9% were female. 80.7% were non-Hispanic white, 10.1% were non-Hispanic black and 9.2% were Hispanic. Hypertension, dyslipidaemia and elevated C reactive protein (CRP) were used to create a CVD risk score: low (0–1 factors), medium (2 factors) or high (all 3 factors). Measurement and definition guidelines for these variables are thoroughly explained in the methods section. Weighted logistic regression models estimated the OR of (1) prevalent and incident CVD for medium and high-risk groups versus the low-risk group and (2) 4-year mortality adjusting for covariates.ResultsCross-sectionally, high-risk participants (n=1706) had significantly higher odds of CVD prevalence compared with participants with low-risk (n=3107) (adjusted OR 1.54, 95% CI: (1.29 to 1.84)). Medium-risk (n=3082) participants had higher odds of CVD prevalence, though this did not reach significance. Prospectively, medium-risk and high-risk participants had significantly higher odds of 4-year CVD incidence (medium-risk adjusted OR 1.57, 95% CI (1.18 to 2.09); high-risk adjusted OR 1.67, 95% CI (1.19 to 2.36)) compared with those with low risk. Risk of 4-year mortality was higher in high-risk (OR 2.12, 95% CI (1.60 to 2.8)) participants versus low-risk, and non-significantly elevated in medium-risk participants.ConclusionsCo-occurrence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and elevated CRP was strongly associated with increased CVD prevalence, higher incident CVD and elevated 4-year mortality in older US adults, emphasising the importance of multifactor screening for CVD risk.
A Proof System for the SMrCaIT Calculus
Authors: Chen Ningning , Zhu Huibiao 
Published: October 2024

The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) spurs strong global demand for related applications and technologies, especially in enhancing system reliability and security. Communication security, mobility, and real-time are the three vital features for constructing secure and reliable IoT systems. Formal methods, based on rigorous mathematical theory, are widely used to describe, analyze, model, and verify software and hardware systems, significantly improving their security and reliability. However, the current research mainly focuses on the practical applications of IoT, and there are still few studies on applying formal methods to IoT systems. As a response, our recent work has proposed the SMrCaIT calculus, which is the only process calculus currently designed for IoT that can comprehensively describe the security, real-time, and mobile features of IoT. Applying the SMrCaIT calculus enables us to model and verify IoT systems before their actual implementation, thereby providing a solid theoretical foundation for building secure and reliable IoT systems. To verify the correctness of the SMrCaIT programs, this paper presents a proof system for SMrCaIT calculus, based on the extended Hoare Logic considering time. Additionally, we explore the
cooperation

test
between isolated proofs to further ensure messages are delivered correctly between IoT entities. The soundness of the proof system is also confirmed. A Vehicle Ad Hoc Network (VANET) case and a Multi-UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) case demonstrate the usability of our proof system in analyzing IoT scenarios.
Exploring the Association Between Residual Mood Symptoms and Self‐Reported Side Effects in the Euthymic Phase of Bipolar Disorders: A Cross‐Sectional Network Analysis
Authors: Vidal Nathan , Brunet-Gouet Eric , Frileux Solène , Aubin Valérie , Belzeaux Raoul , Courtet Philippe , D’Amato Thierry , Dubertret Caroline , Etain Bruno , Gard Sebastien , Haffen Emmanuel , Januel Dominique , Leboyer Marion , Lefrere Antoine , Llorca Pierre-Michel , Marlinge Emeline , Olié Emilie , Polosan Mircea , Schwan Raymund , Walter Michel ,   The FACE-BD (FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise for Bipolar Disorders) group, Passerieux Christine , Roux Paul 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Bipolar disorders (BD) are characterized by mood symptoms that can worsen medication side effects. We aimed to study the association between residual mood signs and self‐reported side effects in the euthymic phase of BD.Methods: We assessed residual mood signs using the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating scale (MADRS) and Young Mania Rating scale (YMRS) and self‐reported side effects using the Patient‐Rated Inventory of Side Effects (PRISE‐M) for 880 males and 1369 females with BD. We conducted a network analysis to test the associations between 52 items of the three scales for males and females separately. We then identified clusters of nodes that fit the networks well.Results: We report only positive associations between residual mood signs and side effects. An elevated mood (YMRS) in females and increased energy (YMRS) in males were central nodes, strongly influencing the development of additional mood symptoms and side effects. Furthermore, we identified three clusters of nodes in both sexes: (1) a “mood cluster”, including most YMRS and MADRS items and the PRISE‐M items evaluating sedation, sleep, and restlessness, (2) a cluster of nonsexual side effects (mostly PRISE‐M items), and (3) a cluster of sexual side effects. In both sexes, we identified bridge nodes that may favor the communication between mood and side effects, namely palpitations (PRISE‐M) and agitation (PRISE‐M).Conclusions: The results justify the particular attention of practitioners to monitor elevated moods or increased energy to try to reduce self‐reported side effects and other residual mood symptoms in the euthymic phase of BD. Our findings suggest that clinicians could consider patient‐reported loss of energy, difficulty in falling asleep, and restlessness as mood symptoms rather than medications’ side effects. Palpitations and agitation may contribute to the development of additional mood symptoms or somatic complaints.
Acute Variceal Hemorrhage in Germany–A Nationwide Study of 65,357 Hospitalized Cases
Authors: Mertens Alexander , Essing Tobias , Kunstein Anselm , Weigel Christian , Bode Johannes , Roderburg Christoph , Luedde Tom , Kandler Jennis , Loosen Sven H. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Acute variceal hemorrhage (AVH) is a frequent cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in liver cirrhosis. Most cases require urgent endoscopic intervention due to potentially life‐threatening courses. Different endoscopic hemostasis techniques can be used, in particular endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) and endoscopic sclerotherapy (EST), depending on the bleeding side (esophageal, fundal, and gastric) as well as radiological interventions (e.g., embolization and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt [TIPS]). This study aimed to investigate trends in incidence, treatment modalities, and outcome parameters, such as in‐hospital mortality and adverse events in Germany.Methods: We evaluated the current epidemiological trends, therapeutic strategies, and in‐hospital mortality of AVH in Germany based on the standardized hospital discharge data provided by the German Federal Statistical Office from 2010 to 2019.Results: A total of 65,357 AVH cases, predominately males (68.3%), were included in the analysis. The annual incidence rate (hospitalization cases per 100,000 persons) was 8.9. The in‐hospital mortality was 18.6%. The most common underlying disease was alcohol‐related liver cirrhosis (60.6%). The most common clinical complication was bleeding anemia (60.1%), whereas hypovolemic shock (12.8%) was the less frequent. In esophageal variceal hemorrhage (EVH), EVL was the most frequently performed endoscopic therapy, while in gastric variceal hemorrhage (GVH), EST and fibrin glue injection were the most commonly performed therapies. EVL showed the lowest in‐hospital mortality (12.3%) in EVH, while EST showed favorable results (14% in‐hospital mortality) in GVH. Combination therapies overall showed a higher in‐hospital mortality and were more frequent in GVH. The presence of hypovolemic shock, AKI, sepsis, artificial ventilation, ARDS, bleeding anemia, hepatic encephalopathy, and male sex was associated with a significantly worse outcome.Conclusion: Our study provides detailed insight into the incidence, patient‐related risk factors, endoscopic treatment, and in‐hospital mortality in a sizeable AVH collective in Germany. These data might help improve risk stratification and treatment strategies for AVH patients in the future.
РІВЕНЬ ВІДНОВЛЕНОГО ГЛУТАТІОНУ ПРИ КОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНОМУ РАКУ ЗА ВПЛИВУ 5-ФТОРУРАЦИЛУ І МОЛЕКУЛЯРНОГО ВОДНЮ
Authors: Покотило О. О. , Корда М. М. 
Published: October 2024

Вступ. Відновлений глутатіон відіграє дуже важливу роль у підтримці клітинного гомеостазу й окиснювально-відновного балансу, будучи важливим елементом внутрішньоклітинного захисту від активних форм кисню. Зменшення його вмісту нижче критичного порога вважають маркером окиснювального стресу, який лежить в основі патофізіології різноманітних дегенеративних захворювань, включаючи канцерогенез. При цьому є неоднозначні результати щодо взаємодії ксенобіотиків хіміотерапії з відновленим глутатіоном. Наявність окиснювального стресу при колоректальному раку потребує ефективної антиоксидантної терапії, а доведено, що молекулярний водень ефективно проявляє антиоксидантну дію.
Мета дослідження – оцінити вплив води, насиченої молекулярним воднем, і 5-фторурацилу на вміст відновленого глутатіону в сироватці крові білих щурів з колоректальним раком.
Методи дослідження. Досліди проведено на 70 білих щурах-самцях лінії Вістар. Тваринам моделювали колоректальний рак (КРР) шляхом підшкірного введення 1,2-диметилгідразину в дозі 7,2 мг/кг маси тіла 1 раз на тиждень упродовж 30 тижнів. 5-Фторурацил вводили внутрішньочеревно 4 дні по 12 мг/кг і ще 4 дні через день по 6 мг/кг. Тварини споживали воду, насичену молекулярним воднем у концентрації 0,6 ppm, ad libitum. Евтаназію щурів проводили під тіопенталовим наркозом. Для дослідження використовували сироватку крові, в якій колориметричним методом визначали вміст відновленого глутатіону. Статистичну обробку даних виконували за допомогою пакета програмного забезпечення SPSS­22.
Результати й обговорення. Вміст відновленого глутатіону в сироватці крові щурів, які споживали водопровідну воду 30 тижнів упродовж моделювання КРР і насичену молекулярним воднем лише протягом 30 днів після моделювання КРР, був на 10 % більшим, ніж у тварин з КРР, які не споживали водневої води. У сироватці крові щурів з КРР, яким вводили 5-фторурацил, вміст відновленого глутатіону в кінці експерименту становив 0,85 ммоль/г протеїну, що на 32 % менше, ніж у тварин 1-ї (контрольної) групи, і на 22 %, ніж у щурів, які споживали водневу воду 30 днів після моделювання КРР. У сироватці крові щурів з КРР, яким вводили 5-фторурацил та які споживали воду, збагачену молекулярним воднем, 30 днів після моделювання КРР, він становив 1,02 ммоль/г протеїну, що на 10 % більше (р≤0,05), ніж у тварин з КРР, і на 17 %, ніж у щурів, яким вводили 5-фторурацил та які не споживали води, насиченої молекулярним воднем.
Висновки. Моделювання у щурів колоректального раку та застосування 5-фторурацилу призводять до зменшення вмісту відновленого глутатіону в сироватці їх крові, а споживання при цьому води, насиченої молекулярним воднем, сприяє достовірному збільшенню в них рівня цього антиоксиданта.
РОЗРОБКА УФ-СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИЧНОЇ МЕТОДИКИ КІЛЬКІСНОГО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЛЕВОЦЕТИРИЗИНУ В ТАБЛЕТКАХ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ПРИНЦИПІВ “ЗЕЛЕНОЇ” ХІМІЇ
Authors: Михалків М. М. , Сіньковська В. О. , Івануса І. Б. , Горин М. М. , Демид А. Є. 
Published: October 2024

Вступ. Левоцетиризин є R-енантiомером або активним iзомером цетиризину, який часто використовують для лікування алергічних реакцій. У наукових джерелах описано, головним чином, методики з використанням диференційної спектрофотометрії, високоефективної рідинної хроматографії, які вимагають дорогого обладнання, складних математичних обрахунків і не завжди відповідають екологічній безпеці. Тоді як спектрофотометрія в УФ-ділянці належить до фармакопейних методів аналізу, що має ряд переваг: експресність, економічність, незначна вартість аналізу, широке використання при аналізі лікарських засобів.
Мета дослідження – розробити просту, експресну, “зелену”, недорогу УФ-спектрофотометричну методику кількісного визначення левоцетиризину в таблетках.
Методи дослідження. Для виконання експериментальних досліджень було використано фармакопейний стандартний зразок левоцетиризину дигідрохлориду і таблетки “Алерзин” 5 мг (виробник “Egis”, Угорщина), серія № 3161С0722. Спектрофотометричні вимірювання проводили на двопроменевому сканувальному спектрофотометрі Shimadzu UV-1800 (Японія) з програмним забезпеченням UV-Probe 2.62.
Результати й обговорення. Етанольний розчин фармакопейного стандартного зразка левоцетиризину дигідрохлориду й етанольний розчин таблеток, що містить левоцетиризину дигідрохлорид, мали виражені максимуми поглинання в абсорбційному спектрі при 233 нм. Межа виявлення становила 1,02 мкг/мл, межа кількісного визначення – 3,39 мкг/мл. Представлено також рівняння регресії – у = 0,0261х – 0,0697, коефіцієнт кореляції – 0,9993. Лінійність спостерігали на всьому діапазоні застосування розробленої методики кількісного визначення (9,24–36,97 мкг/мл). Оцінка “зеленості” запропонованої методики вказує на те, що аналітична методика є відмінною відповідно до принципів “зеленої” хімії.
Висновки. Розроблено і валідовано УФ-спектрофотометричну методику кількісного визначення левоцетиризину в таблетках, яка є достатньо експресною та “зеленою”. Як розчинник було використано етанол Р. Вимірювання оптичної густини випробовуваного розчину та розчину порівняння необхідно проводити при довжині хвилі 233 нм.
Impaired Renal Function With Higher Remnant Cholesterol Related to Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Cohort Study
Authors: Elías-López Daniel , Vedel-Krogh Signe , Kobylecki Camilla Jannie , Wadström Benjamin Nilsson , Nordestgaard Børge Grønne 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Chronic kidney disease confers a high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), partly due to hyperlipidemia. Although statins reduce the risk of ASCVD in chronic kidney disease, residual risk persists. We investigated whether higher remnant cholesterol is associated with an increased risk of ASCVD in statin users and nonusers with impaired renal function.

METHODS:

We included 107 925 individuals from CGPS (Copenhagen General Population Study) initiated in 2003 to 2015, of whom 10 427 had impaired renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate, <60 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
). Remnant cholesterol was calculated from a standard lipid profile. ASCVD was myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease death, ischemic stroke, coronary artery bypass graft, or percutaneous coronary intervention extracted from Danish nationwide health registries from baseline through 2018; individuals with events before the start of follow-up were excluded from relevant analysis.

RESULTS:
In individuals with impaired renal function during up to 15 years of follow-up, 597 were diagnosed with myocardial infarction, 618 with ischemic stroke, and 1182 with ASCVD. In these individuals, a 1-mmol/L (39 mg/dL) higher remnant cholesterol level was associated with multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of 1.22 (95% CI, 1.05–1.42) for myocardial infarction, 1.16 (95% CI, 0.97–1.38) for ischemic stroke, and 1.21 (95% CI, 1.08–1.36) for ASCVD. Corresponding hazard ratios for ASCVD were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.07–1.83) in statin users and 1.16 (95% CI, 1.01–1.34) in nonusers. Of the 1.36-fold excess risk of ASCVD in impaired versus normal renal function, elevated remnant cholesterol and elevated LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol explained 25% (95% CI, 2.5%–47%) and 0% in statin users and 8.3% (95% CI, 2.4%–14%) and 14% (95% CI, 6.4%–22%) in nonusers, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results suggest that higher remnant cholesterol is a good marker of increased risk of ASCVD in individuals with impaired renal function, while higher LDL cholesterol may not be. Patients with chronic kidney disease who have high levels of remnant cholesterol are identifiable through higher non-HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol or apoB levels.