bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 3.6 ka Aniakchak tephra in the Arctic Ocean: a constraint on the Holocene radiocarbon reservoir age in the Chukchi Sea
Authors: Pearce Christof , Varhelyi Aron , Wastegård Stefan , Muschitiello Francesco , Barrientos Natalia , O'Regan Matt , Cronin Thomas M. , Gemery Laura , Semiletov Igor , Backman Jan , Jakobsson Martin 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. The caldera-forming eruption of the Aniakchak volcano in the Aleutian Range on the Alaskan Peninsula at 3.6 cal kyr BP was one of the largest Holocene eruptions worldwide. The resulting ash is found as a visible sediment layer in several Alaskan sites and as a cryptotephra on Newfoundland and Greenland. This large geographic distribution, combined with the fact that the eruption is relatively well constrained in time using radiocarbon dating of lake sediments and annual layer counts in ice cores, makes it an excellent stratigraphic marker for dating and correlating mid–late Holocene sediment and paleoclimate records. This study presents the outcome of a targeted search for the Aniakchak tephra in a marine sediment core from the Arctic Ocean, namely Core SWERUS-L2-2-PC1 (2PC), raised from 57 m water depth in Herald Canyon, western Chukchi Sea. High concentrations of tephra shards, with a geochemical signature matching that of Aniakchak ash, were observed across a more than 1.5 m long sediment sequence. Since the primary input of volcanic ash is through atmospheric transport, and assuming that bioturbation can account for mixing up to ca. 10 cm of the marine sediment deposited at the coring site, the broad signal is interpreted as sustained reworking at the sediment source input. The isochron is therefore placed at the base of the sudden increase in tephra concentrations rather than at the maximum concentration. This interpretation of major reworking is strengthened by analysis of grain size distribution which points to ice rafting as an important secondary transport mechanism of volcanic ash. Combined with radiocarbon dates on mollusks in the same sediment core, the volcanic marker is used to calculate a marine radiocarbon reservoir age offset ΔR = 477 ± 60 years. This relatively high value may be explained by the major influence of typically carbon-old Pacific waters, and it agrees well with recent estimates of ΔR along the northwest Alaskan coast, possibly indicating stable oceanographic conditions during the second half of the Holocene. Our use of a volcanic absolute age marker to obtain the marine reservoir age offset is the first of its kind in the Arctic Ocean and provides an important framework for improving chronologies and correlating marine sediment archives in this region. Core 2PC has a high sediment accumulation rate averaging 200 cm kyr−1 throughout the last 4000 years, and the chronology presented here provides a solid base for high-resolution reconstructions of late Holocene climate and ocean variability in the Chukchi Sea.
Plagio electrónico: la otra cara del APA
Authors: Alemán Aníbal , Castillo Ramiro , Quezada Freddy , Rueda Hazel 
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo trata sobre el tema del plagio electrónico. Dicho documento se estructura en tres partes. Al inicio se aborda el plagio desde el ámbito epistémico que tiene una relación, quizás no tan directa, con la verdad como adecuación, a través de un procedimiento científico que busca resultados, entre un sujeto y un objeto. Seguidamente se analiza desde el ámbito de la ética, donde circula en forma de penalizaciones y observancia de procedimientos, normas y deberes a guardar en la diferencia perfecta entre un original y un fraude. Posteriormente se analiza el aspecto estético donde encuentra su nudo y complejidades más fecundas, pues, es el terreno del original, como obra de arte, y su reproductibilidad mecánica, y hoy electrónica, que la despoja de toda singularidad y la abre al nuevo poder de participación de los usuarios, en el sentido de Walter Benjamín, reenviándola al campo epistémico. Por último, se presentan tres escenarios, con el propósito de luchar como creyentes en tierra de infieles; a negociar otras condiciones; o a rendirnos con honor y dignidad.Revista Humanismo y Cambio Social. Número 7. Año 3. Enero - Junio 2016: 8-18
UTILIZAÇÃO DA MADEIRA DE Genipa americana PARA PRODUÇÃO DE PAINÉIS DE COLAGEM LATERAL - EGP
Authors: Iwakiri Setsuo , Campelo Samantha , Trianoski Rosilani , Aguiar Osmar Romeiro 
Published: April 2017

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a viabilidade de utilização da madeira de Genipa americana para produção de painéis de colagem lateral. O material foi coletado num plantio florestal localizado na região de Tomé Açu, estado do Pará. Foram avaliadas as propriedades físicas e químicas da madeira e qualidade da colagem lateral. A colagem foi realizada com os adesivos poliacetato de vinila (PVA) e emulsão polimérica de isocianato (EPI), com diferentes gramaturas (180 g/m2 e 220 g/m2) e tempos de prensagem (3 e 4 horas). A qualidade de colagem foi avaliada por meio do ensaio de cisalhamento da linha de cola com base na norma EN 13353 e EN 13354. Os resultados indicaram que a madeira de Genipa americana possui massa especifica média de 0,607 g/cm3, teor de extrativos de 6,99% e 0,61% de materiais inorgânicos. O adesivo PVA não apresentou bons resultados de colagem. A gramatura não afetou significativamente a resistência ao cisalhamento das juntas coladas com o adesivo EPI, no entanto, foi influenciada significativamente pelo tempo de prensagem. Pode-se concluir que a madeira de Genipa americana possui viabilidade técnica para produção de painéis de colagem lateral, sendo recomendado para sua produção o adesivo EPI com gramatura de 220 g/m2 e tempo de prensagem de 4 horas.
Combining ant colony optimization with 1-opt local search method for solving constrained forest transportation planning problems
Authors: Lin Pengpeng , Dai Ruxin , Contreras Marco A. , Zhang Jun 
Published: April 2017

We developed a two-stage approach (ACOLS) combining the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm and a 1-opt local search to solve forest transportation planning problems (FTPPs) considering fixed and variables costs and sediment yields expected to erode from road surfaces as side constraints. The ACOLS was designed for improving ACO performance and ensure the applicability to real-world, large-scale FTPPs with multiple time periods. It consists of three major routines: i) least-cost route finding process from all timber sales simultaneously, ii) two stage search process developed to quickly find feasible (stage I) and high-quality (stage II) solutions and, iii) 1-opt local search solution refinement to further improve solution quality. The ACOLS was first applied to a medium-scale hypothetical FTPP on which four cases with increasing level of sediment constraint were considered. To test for robustness, the ACOLS was then applied to ten different problems instances created basing on the same topology of the hypothetical FTPP. Lastly, the ACOLS was applied to a real-world, large-scale FTPP considering thousands of roads segments, hundreds of timber sales, and multiple products and planning periods. Feasible solutions were found for all cases indicating the usefulness of our approach to provide managers with an efficient tool to address large-scale transportation problems.
A próposito das noções de resistência e tomada de posição na análise de discurso: Movimentos de resitsência nos processos de identificação com o ser paraguaio
Authors: De Nardi Fabiele Stockmans , Nascimento Felipe Augusto Santana do 
Published: April 2017

Este artigo propõe um retorno às noções de resistência e tomada de posição no âmbito da Análise de Discurso pecheuxtiana, mediante a observação de como a noção de sujeito foi reconfigurada no interior da própria teoria, permitindo uma abertura para se pensar a reprodução-transformação da luta de classes. A consideração da contradição como inerente ao discurso e a interpelação do sujeito como um ritual sempre sujeito à falha permitem observar não apenas a sujeição a um discurso, mas os movimentos de transformação e resistência que são produzidos pelo sujeito a partir de sua inserção em determinada formação discursiva, fazendo-nos olhar para a heterogeneidade como inerente a esse espaço. Para pensar a relação entre resistência e tomadas de posição, analisamos uma série de enunciados que se vinculam à declaração do líder dos carperos do Paraguai, Eulálio Lopez, em que este nega a existência dos brasiguaios. Mediante a análise destes enunciados, procurar-se-á pontuar os movimentos de tomada de posição e resistência dos sujeitos a esses dizeres, discutindo a amplitude das noções de resistência e de tomada de posição na AD e sua produtividade na prática analítica.
Association of Classroom Environment with Academic Achievement of Secondary School Girls in Pakistan
Authors: Javed Tariq 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to find out the association of classroom environment with the academic achievement of secondary school girls in Pakistan. The population of the study was 1104 Secondary School Teachers SSTs / Trained Graduate Teachers TGTs (Female), 5628 secondary school girls in 64 Federal Government Girls Secondary Schools. Multistage sampling was used in the present research. Three categories of schools (Large, Medium, Small) were constructed for research purpose on the basis of the number of students who appeared in SSC-I annual examination 2014 by a federal board of intermediate and secondary education Islamabad. The objectives of the study were to find out the nature of the classroom environment at girls secondary schools and to identify the association of classroom environment with the academic achievement of girls at secondary school level. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested with the help of statistical tests to achieve the objectives of the study. The study was descriptive in nature and survey technique was used to collect data from respondents. Data were collected on various aspects of the classroom environment, including temperature, furniture and fixture, arrangement of furniture, air, light, writing board facilities. The tool consisting of fourteen statements on classroom environment was getting validated from four experts to determine content validity. Reliability of the research instrument was determined by using Cronbach Alpha based which was. 855. The analysis of the collected data was carried out by using two non parametric statistical tests, i.e. (i) Chi Square test, (ii) Mann Whitney U test. There was a positive association between the classroom environment and academic achievement of girls at secondary school level.
Modernization of Confucianism: An Ethnographic Observation of Cultural Promoting Community
Authors: Zhu Xing Yu , Chhachhar Abdul Razaque 
Published: April 2017

AbstractChina is becoming one of the super powers in the world and the Chinese government is trying to promote Confucianism, the core philosophy of East Asia to the rest of the world in order to strengthen its soft power. As modernization is becoming the global process since the Cold War, the modernization of Confucianism is as well under process to fit in the new era. This article is based on a case of Confucianism promoting project to study the process and effect of cultural modernization and test how modernization helps the promotion of traditional Chinese culture. Such as, 1. The modernization will trigger voluntary and involuntary changes of the culture. 2. Cultural modernization will create a common language with other culture background people that are helpful in order to better understand Chinese traditional culture. 3. Different cultural background people are more sensitive to their own cultural elements even modernization combines various factors of traditional and modern culture or foreigner and local culture.
The Prototype Model of Asymmetric Decentralization in Providing Public Services to the Island Areas
Authors: Madubun Jusuf , Akib Haedar ,   Jasruddin
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This study aims at identifying the main obstacles to optimizing the provision of public services to the districts in the island areas and to discussing the prototype model of asymmetric decentralization in providing public services to the island areas. This study was conducted in three districts of small islands at the Tual city of Maluku province namely the districts of Kur Island, South Kur Island, and Tayando Tam island. The data were collected through triangulation of sources and methods. The informants were selected based on consideration of the position and competence of the required information. The methods were the in-depth interview, observation, documentation, and the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The results showed that there were three main obstacles in providing public services to the districts in the island areas. Firstly, the partial authority of Mayor of Tual city had not given yet to the Head of Districts based on the Article 226 of Law No. 23 in 2014 about Regional Government. Secondly, the transportation for the islands was inadequacy and the natural conditions were challenging that obstructed the mobility of citizens to access the service center and it was difficult for officers to reach people who want to be served. Thirdly, the lack of resources (human resources, funds, and facilities) in some districts at the island areas. To overcome those problems, specific autonomous was required by island province that concerned different treatment settings to the districts within the island areas namely the expansion of authority, the increase in the position, and the development of resources and the organizational capacity and districts management.
Is Malaysian Islamic Home Financing Bay′ Bithaman Al-Ajil (‘BBA’) Compatible with Islamic Law? A Critical Examination on The Issue of ‘Beneficial Ownership’
Authors: Md Dahlan Nuarrual Hilal , Noor Fauziah Mohd , Shuib Mohd Sollehudin 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Islamic Banking has been established since 1980s in Malaysia. It was initially commenced with the incorporation of Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB) in 1983. Until today, Islamic Banking has robustly developed in Malaysia providing various kinds of Islamic transaction products including Islamic home finance. Various Islamic home finance products have been introduced and practised in Malaysia. Among the products are: Bay′ Bithaman al-Ajil (BBA), Musharakah al-Mutanaqisah (MM), Commodity Murabahah and Ijarah. Nonetheless, there are many issues in these products when faced with the problems of abandoned housing projects. One of the issues is the issue of beneficial ownership in BBA. It is evident that, the application of BBA is proven to be defective and contains many flaws, if involves abandoned housing projects in Malaysia. This paper aims to highlight this issue and provide solutions to the issues discussed. This paper used shariah (Islamic Law) doctrinal and qualitative case study research methodologies. This paper finds that the current terms in the BBA are inadequate and warranted it to be provided with equitable terms on beneficial ownership thus can fully comply with the requirements of the shariah. The outcome of this paper will help the Islamic banking industry in dealing with issues arising from ‘beneficial ownership’ in transaction involving abandoned housing projects in Malaysia.
English Language Teaching in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Past, Present and Beyond
Authors: Mitchell Brendan , Alfuraih Abdulrahman 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
2014 realized the introduction of a comprehensive English language teaching curriculum, the English Language Curriculum for Elementary, Intermediate and Secondary Schools in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Grades 4 - 12, 2014 - 2020. This research paper seeks to provide an inclusive timeline of the development (English language) education from the time King AbdulAziz Ibn Saud united the Arabian Peninsula and created the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The chronology of English language curriculum reforms and education development provide evidence of a country seeking to define itself. Oil wealth drastically altered the Kingdom’s fortunes and provided it with choices, development and opportunities. Recently, Tatweer Company for Educational Services in partnership with the Ministry of Education has provided customized English language textbooks and supplementary material complemented by a range of professional development programs. However, as recent research suggests there is more than needs to be done to support the continual improvement in the learning and teaching of English as the Kingdom continues to move into the developed world with less reliance on oil and a focus on becoming a knowledge based society. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s National Transformation Program and Vision 2030 support and provide the blueprint for this goal to be achieved.
Spanish adaptation of the Allophilia Scale
Authors: Magallares Alejandro , Morales Jose Francisco 
Published: April 2017

<p>The aim of this study is to adapt and to obtain evidences of validity of the Allophilia Scale to Spanish population. Participants were 960 individuals from all over Spain. Questionnaires to measure prejudice toward North African people, stress and empathy were used to analyze the criterion validity of the Allophilia scale. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the items of the questionnaire fit a model with five factors, corresponding to the dimensions proposed by the original authors (affection, comfort, kinship, engagement, enthusiasm). Additionally, it has been found that the Allophilia scale is related with other variables such as prejudice toward North African people (cognitive, emotions and behaviors), stress (interaction, resources, identity) and empathy. In light of these results, we conclude that the questionnaire is methodologically valid and can be used by the scientific community to measure cooperative and participatory intergroup behavior and as a complement to traditional measures of prejudice and negative intergroup behaviors.</p>
Besoins de formation continue des psychoéducateurs et des psychoéducatrices du Québec et besoins spécifiques des diplômés récents
Authors: Tourigny Marc , Trudel Dominique , Bergeron Manon , Joly Jacques , Verville Renée , Lemieux Stéphanie 
Published: April 2017

L’étude vise à identifier les besoins de formation continue des membres de l’Ordre des psychoéducateurs et psychoéducatrices du Québec (OPPQ) et à explorer les différences entre les membres nouvellement diplômés (depuis moins de 5 ans) et les autres membres. Une enquête en ligne a été réalisée entre le 15 mai 2014 et le 15 août 2014. Mille trente-quatre (1034) membres ont accepté de répondre au questionnaire dont 174 (16,8 %) membres récemment diplômés. Les résultats montrent qu’il existe des besoins en formation continue, et ce, principalement pour les compétences liées à la démarche d’évaluation, à l’exercice du rôle-conseil et au soutien aux personnes ou aux groupes. Les diplômés récents se distinguent des autres membres : 1) en se montrant généralement plus intéressés à suivre une formation pour un bon nombre de compétences; et 2) concernant le niveau de formation souhaité où ils sont proportionnellement plus intéressés à suivre une formation de niveau intermédiaire et moins intéressés à suivre une formation de base ou avancé.
Les stratégies d’intervention offertes aux jeunes mères sont-elles efficaces pour prévenir la maltraitance envers leurs enfants?
Authors: St-Germain Amélie , Baudry Claire , Bussières Eve-Line 
Published: April 2017

Les écrits scientifiques documentent largement le fait que les jeunes mères sont à risque d’inadaptation psychosociale. Par ricochet, cette vulnérabilité affecte également leurs enfants, comme l’indique entre autres aspects un taux de maltraitance plus élevé au sein de ces familles comparativement à celui des populations de mères adultes à faible risque. Afin de contrer ce phénomène de maltraitance, diverses interventions ont été développées au cours des cinq dernières décennies, certaines privilégiant le soutien direct apporté aux jeunes mères et d’autres ciblant à la fois le soutien maternel et les interactions entre la mère et son enfant. Les résultats de ces interventions pour prévenir l’apparition de maltraitance sont variables, certaines études rapportant une grande efficacité alors que d’autres concluent à des résultats faibles, voire nuls. Considérant cette variation, le premier objectif de cette méta-analyse est de vérifier l’efficacité générale des interventions offertes aux jeunes mères pour prévenir la maltraitance envers leurs enfants. L’objectif secondaire est de distinguer si une cible d’intervention engendre un meilleur résultat que l’autre. Une recension systématique a permis d’identifier six études évaluant huit programmes distincts. Les calculs méta-analytiques indiquent une taille d’effet globale (d = -0,29, p = 0,01) démontrant l’efficacité générale des interventions préventives. Plus précisément, les interventions qui ciblent à la fois le soutien maternel et les interactions mère-enfant sont efficaces pour diminuer le taux de maltraitance. Les résultats de cette étude permettront d’orienter les services offerts actuellement en matière de prévention de la maltraitance auprès d’une population de jeunes mères.
Facteurs contribuant à l’aliénation parentale1
Authors: Van Gijseghem Hubert 
Published: April 2017

L’aliénation parentale est aujourd’hui définie comme le trouble de l’enfant qui s’allie fortement avec un parent et, de façon injustifiée, rejette l’autre parent. Trop longtemps on a maintenu l’idée que la seule source du trouble réside dans la malveillance du parent allié qui « instrumentalise » l’enfant pour atteindre l’autre parent. Bien que dans certains cas ceci puisse être un facteur contribuant, un parent qui exerce des influences aliénantes, n’est que rarement de mauvaise foi. En plus, dans nombre de cas on peut identifier d’autres sources encore plus importantes, par exemple, des caractéristiques psychologiques et même tempéramentales de l’enfant lui-même. D’autres facteurs sont également discutés dans cet article, tels que certaines particularités des interventions judiciaire et clinique qui, plutôt que de résoudre le trouble, risquent de l’intensifier.
Radiation knowledge among radiographers and radiography students
Authors: Maharjan Surendra 
Published: April 2017

Objective To evaluate the knowledge of radiation among radiographers and radiography students in NepalMethods A validated questionnaire was conducted among radiographers and radiography students in 24th annual meeting and workshop of Nepal Radiological Society (NRS) on 10th September, 2015. The survey included multiple choice questions (MCQs) related to demographic characteristics (age, gender), academic qualification, work experience and knowledge of radiation. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21.0.Results Of total 102 respondents, 68.6% (70) were students and 31.4% (32) were radiographers. There were 65 male and 37 female with age ranging from 18 to 45, mean 23.70±5.11 years. Out of 14 MCQs related to knowledge of radiation, maximum score was 14 and minimum 5 with mean 9.99±1.94 (mean percentage 71.35%) (radiographers 10.63±2.10, 75.89% and students 9.70±1.80, 69.28%) respectively. Most participants failed in questions related to radiation units, minimum safe distance during portable radiography, fluoroscopy, and cancer risk of chest radiograph.Conclusion Overall awareness and knowledge of radiation was satisfying with definite possibilities for further improvement through regular trainings, workshops and continuing medical education (CME) programs related to radiation protection and safety. Furthermore, it is an urgent requirement of national radiation protection act in Nepal