bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological Characteristics of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Guangdong, China
Authors: Yang Rui , Guo Lan , Huang Lin , Wang Peng , Tang Yong , Ye Jichao , Chen Keng , Hu Xuming , Cai Zhaopeng , Lu Ciyong , Wu Yanfeng , Shen Huiyong 
Published: September 2016

Study Design.
A hospital-based retrospective epidemiological study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to examine the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) in Guangdong to help health-related institutions develop measures to determine the best allocation of medical resources.

Summary of Background Data.
TSCI is a highly disabling and deadly injury. Currently, there is little information regarding the epidemiological characteristics for TSCI in Guangdong.

Methods.
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of partial second-grade class-A hospitals (mainly capturing general city and county hospitals and some large-scale affiliated hospitals) in Guangdong province according to the International Classification of Disease Version 10 (ICD-10) and diagnostic code of TSCI.

Results.
The study included the medical records of 1340 patients with TSCI, and the annual number of TSCI admissions increased during the 2003 to 2011 period. The male-to-female ratio was approximately 3.5:1. The major causes of spinal cord injuries were high falls (41.0%) and traffic accidents (37.8%). The most common injury among patients with TSCI was cervical injury (818 cases). In addition, 62.9% of the patients had spinal fractures, 24.0% had other fractures, and 13.7% had brain injuries. Furthermore, 25.1% (337/1340) of the patients experienced clinical complications. The differences in the number of patients with and without complete injury who accepted surgery and hyperbaric oxygen therapy were statistically significant (P < 0.05), and the difference in total medical cost was significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion.
There are specific epidemiological characteristics of TSCI patients in Guangdong, and preventive measures are suggested to focus on high-risk populations, such as adult men.

Level of Evidence: 3
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study on the Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Women With Female Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Puig Carlos J. , Reese Robert , Peters Michelle 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been suggested as a therapeutic intervention for female androgenetic alopecia.

OBJECTIVE
To perform a pilot study on the effect of PRP scalp injections in women with female androgenetic alopecia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study compared the effect of PRP with that of saline placebo as scalp injection. The endpoints were hair count and hair mass index (HMI), along with patient-opinion survey responses. Platelet-rich plasma was manufactured from patients' blood using the Angel PRP system.

RESULTS
Hair mass index or hair count did not statistically significantly differ between the study and placebo groups. However, 13.3% of the treatment subjects (vs 0% of the placebo subjects) experienced substantial improvement in hair loss, rate of hair loss, hair thickness, and ease of managing/styling hair, and 26.7% (vs 18.2% of the placebo group) reported that their hair felt coarser or heavier after the treatment.

CONCLUSION
Platelet-rich plasma failed to demonstrate any statistically significant improvement in HMI or hair count in women with congenital female pattern hair loss. The patient survey results suggest a therapeutic advantage of PRP as perceived by patients but not according to hair count or HMI.
Puerarin Suppresses Na+-K+-ATPase–Mediated Systemic Inflammation and CD36 Expression, and Alleviates Cardiac Lipotoxicity In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Qin Hua , Zhang Yan , Wang Ru , Du Xiaoyan , Li Liping , Du Haiwei 
Published: September 2016

Abstract:
Puerarin, a type of isoflavone, was shown to have multiple protective effects on myocardial injury. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of puerarin in the progression of lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. Primary cardiomyocytes were isolated from FATP1 transgenic (Tg) mice with lipotoxic cardiomyopathy, and various concentrations of puerarin were used to incubate with the cardiomyocytes. Our results showed low-dose puerarin (≤20 μM) treatment increased the cell viability and decreased the accumulation of free fatty acid (FFA). The data on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay indicated that 15 μM puerarin treatment greatly increased Na+-K+-ATPase activity and decreased C-reactive protein secretion, thus suppressing the expression of CD36, a key contributor to the FFA accumulation. Additionally, low-dose puerarin (≤100 mg/kg body weight) administration improved Na+-K+-ATPase activity. Our data on serum analysis and histological detection in vivo indicated that systemic inflammation, CD36-induced lipid infiltration, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were markedly alleviated in Tg mice injected with 90 mg/kg dose of puerarin. Finally, the uptake rates of 3H-palmitate and 14C-glucose were monitored on ex vivo working hearts that were obtained from wild-type (WT), Tg-control, and Tg-puerarin mice. Compared with WT hearts, Tg hearts displayed a significant decrease in Na+/K+-ATPase activity and glucose consumption rate and an increase in palmitate uptake rate and FFA accumulation. In Tg-puerarin hearts, Na+/K+-ATPase activity and glucose consumption rate were significantly rescued, and palmitate uptake and FFA accumulation were sharply suppressed. In conclusion, low-dose puerarin suppressed Na+-K+-ATPase–mediated CD36 expression and systemic inflammation and alleviated cardiac lipotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.
Medial Femoral Condyle Free Flap for Nasal Reconstruction: New Technique for Full-Thickness Nasal Defects
Authors: Cherubino Mario , Battaglia Paolo , Turri-Zenoni Mario , Tamborini Federico , Giudice Marco , Sallam Davide , Corno Martina , Pietrobon Giacomo , Valdatta Luigi , Castelnuovo Paolo 
Published: September 2016

Summary:
The nose is a functionally complex organ implicated in breathing, olfaction, and phonation, with a critical role also in the aesthetic appearance of a person. This latter aspect should be carefully considered whenever a total or subtotal rhinectomy is performed for resection of locally advanced nasal cancer. To reconstruct large nasal defects, several techniques were described, including the use of cartilaginous grafts, bony grafts, local flaps, and free flaps. In cases of extensive full-thickness resections, free flaps probably represent the most adequate option. The aim of this report is to present the functional and aesthetical outcomes of a reconstruction of the nose after rhinectomy, using the medial femoral condyle free flap associated with the forehead flap.
Draft genomes of clinicalBacillus cereusisolates AH725 and B06.009 closely related to reference strains ATCC 14579 and ATCC 10987
Authors: Haverkamp Thomas H. A. , Tourasse Nicolas J. , Nederbragt Alexander J. , Jakobsen Kjetill S. , Kolstø Anne-Brit , Økstad Ole Andreas 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBacillus cereusstrains B06.009 and AH725 were isolated from human cerebrospinal fluid and eye infection, respectively. Here we present their annotated draft genome sequences, which are highly similar to environmentalB. cereusreference strains ATCC 10987 and ATCC 14579, underlining the opportunistic nature ofB. cereusinfections.
A Bayesian method for reducing bias in neural representational similarity analysis
Authors: Cai Ming Bo , Schuck Nicolas W. , Pillow Jonathan , Niv Yael 
Published: September 2016

Abstract1In neuroscience, the similarity matrix of neural activity patterns in response to different sensory stimuli or under different cognitive states reflects the structure of neural representational space. Existing methods derive point estimations of neural activity patterns from noisy neural imaging data, and the similarity is calculated from these point estimations. We show that this approach translates structured noise from estimated patterns into spurious bias structure in the resulting similarity matrix, which is especially severe when signal-to-noise ratio is low and experimental conditions cannot be fully randomized in a cognitive task. We propose an alternative Bayesian framework for computing representational similarity in which we treat the covariance structure of neural activity patterns as a hyper-parameter in a generative model of the neural data, and directly estimate this covariance structure from imaging data while marginalizing over the unknown activity patterns. Converting the estimated covariance structure into a correlation matrix offers an unbiased estimate of neural representational similarity. Our method can also simultaneously estimate a signal-to-noise map that informs where the learned representational structure is supported more strongly, and the learned covariance matrix can be used as a structured prior to constrain Bayesian estimation of neural activity patterns.
Position information encoded by population activity in hierarchical visual areas
Authors: Majima Kei , Sukhanov Paul , Horikawa Tomoyasu , Kamitani Yukiyasu 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNeurons in high-level visual areas respond to more complex visual features with broader receptive fields (RFs) compared to those in low-level visual areas. Thus, high-level visual areas are generally considered to carry less information regarding the position of seen objects in the visual field. However, larger RFs may not imply loss of position information at the population level. Here, we evaluated how accurately the position of a seen object could be predicted (decoded) from activity patterns in each of six representative visual areas with different RF sizes (V1–V4, LOC, and FFA). We collected fMRI responses while human subjects viewed a ball randomly moving in a two-dimensional field. To estimate population RF sizes of individual fMRI voxels, RF models were fitted for individual voxels in each brain area. The voxels in higher visual areas showed larger estimated RFs than those in lower visual areas. Then, the ball’s position in a separate session was predicted by maximum likelihood regression (support vector regression, SVR) to predict the position. We found that regardless of the difference in RF size, all visual areas showed similar prediction accuracies, especially on the horizontal dimension. Higher areas showed slightly lower accuracies on the vertical dimension, which appears to be attributed to the narrower spatial distributions of the RFs centers. The results suggest that much of position information is preserved in population activity through the hierarchical visual pathway regardless of RF sizes, and is potentially available in later processing for recognition and behavior.Significance statementHigh-level ventral visual areas are thought to achieve position invariance with larger receptive fields at the cost of the loss of precise position information. However, larger receptive fields may not imply loss of position information at the population level. Here, multivoxel fMRI decoding reveals that high-level visual areas are predictive of an object’s position with similar accuracies to low-level visual areas, especially on the horizontal dimension, preserving the information potentially available for later processing.
Visualization and analysis of SCImago Journal & Country Rank structure via journal clustering
Authors: Gómez-Núñez Antonio J. , Vargas-Quesada Benjamin , Chinchilla-Rodríguez Zaida , Batagelj Vladimir , Moya-Anegón Félix 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to visualize the structure of SCImago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) coverage of the extensive citation network of Scopus journals, examining this bibliometric portal through an alternative approach, applying clustering and visualization techniques to a combination of citation-based links.Design/methodology/approachThree SJR journal-journal networks containing direct citation, co-citation and bibliographic coupling links are built. The three networks were then combined into a new one by summing up their values, which were later normalized through geo-normalization measure. Finally, the VOS clustering algorithm was executed and the journal clusters obtained were labeled using original SJR category tags and significant words from journal titles.FindingsThe resultant scientogram displays the SJR structure through a set of communities equivalent to SJR categories that represent the subject contents of the journals they cover. A higher level of aggregation by areas provides a broad view of the SJR structure, facilitating its analysis and visualization at the same time.Originality/valueThis is the first study using Persson’s combination of most popular citation-based links (direct citation, co-citation and bibliographic coupling) in order to develop a scientogram based on Scopus journals from SJR. The integration of the three measures along with performance of the VOS community detection algorithm gave a balanced set of clusters. The resulting scientogram is useful for assessing and validating previous classifications as well as for information retrieval and domain analysis.
LV Prasad eye institute: managing corporate social responsibility partnerships
Authors: Jammulamadaka Nimruji 
Published: September 2016

Subject area
Corporate social responsibility, specifically nonprofit business collaborations from a nonprofit’s perspective.

Study level/applicability
Graduate level programs in nonprofit management, corporate social responsibility and development management; it can also be used for executive education.

Case overview
Social enterprises and nonprofits at present increasingly look to corporate firms for grant funds to finance their activities and assets. This case features the experiences of one of the largest nonprofit eye care providers in India, LV Prasad Eye Institute based in Hyderabad in accessing corporate financial support in the form of corporate social responsibility funding. The case deals with the organization challenges, stresses and strains that arise in a nonprofit–corporate partnership. Specifically, it focuses on the strategic and operational challenges that emerge from the partnerships. The partnerships reviewed in the case pertain to rehabilitation.

Expected learning outcomes
After solving the case, the participants will be able to understand the stages in developing collaborations between nonprofits and businesses for corporate social responsibility. They will also be able to understand the internal implications for nonprofits operations and strategy from such collaborations.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS11: Strategy.
A case study on shopping malls attributes for young consumers
Authors: Can Gülin Feryal , Kurtulmusoglu Feride Bahar , Atalay Kumru Didem 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
This study aims to determine the mall criteria that are the most crucial for the youth market by determining the winning brand in comparison to other offerings to understand what is required to gain a competitive advantage and to differentiate a mall from its rivals.

Design/methodology/approach
This study chose the Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis-2 method to evaluate the mall preferences of young people. By using this method, the various criteria were evaluated for more than one alternative to find the best solution. JSMA program was used to analyze the data. The survey was administered using the mall intercept method to reduce sample bias.

Findings
The study identifies that the criteria that have the highest impact on the mall preferences of young people are the mall campaigns for loyal customers; the traffic in the mall locality and the mall’s parking facilities; the mall’s facilities for disabled people; the quality of the mall locality; and the quality of the people visiting the mall. The study reveals that a mall’s physical features, its facilities and the criteria related to employees have a very low impact on the mall choices of young people. The study further finds that the youth market has very low satisfaction levels for all of the identified criteria. This study reveals that this macro accessibility criterion is less relevant for the youth market than for the general population.

Originality/value
Despite the importance of this market, there is insufficient research on the shopping behavior of young people. They have a considerable impact on the purchasing decisions of their families, significant disposable income and constitute the future market for the sector. This study uniquely enables the sequential ordering of customers’ decision-making criteria and determines the effectiveness or impact of these criteria in the mall sector.
Vascular network tightly enclosing lesions of molluscum contagiosum: Basket‐like capillaries of molluscum
Authors: Horiguchi Yuji , Horiguchi Junshi , Maeno Ken‐ichiro 
Published: September 2016

AbstractImmunohistochemical studies of one typical and two atypical cases of molluscum contagiosum with anti‐CD34 monoclonal antibodies showed a tightly enclosing fine vasculature around the lesional masses of the disease. The thin interstitial septa between the lobules of the molluscum lesions also contained abundant endothelium. An electron microscopic study of a pinched‐off lesion of common molluscum contagiosum demonstrated that the tightly enclosing blood vessels lacked muscle layers, suggesting that they were capillaries, being a distance of several hundred nanometers from the basal cells of the molluscum mass. A 3D constructed image of the vasculature confirmed a network of the vessels. These tightly enclosing vascular networks around the lesions of molluscum contagiosum support the rapid growth of this disease.
Enhanced decomposition and nitrogen mineralization sustain rapid growth of Eucalyptus regnans after wildfire
Authors: Dijkstra Feike A. , Jenkins Meaghan , de Rémy de Courcelles Vivien , Keitel Claudia , Barbour Margaret M. , Kayler Zachary E. , Adams Mark A. 
Published: September 2016

Summary

Eucalyptus regnans grows rapidly from seed after wildfires, out‐competing other species, thereby forming pure stands of mature forests that rank amongst the world's most carbon dense. By global standards, these forests grow on infertile soils. It is unclear how E. regnans is able to obtain large amounts nitrogen (N) from these infertile soils to support its rapid growth after fire.

We measured carbon (C) and N stored in plant biomass and photosynthetic rates of E. regnans 2 years after a wildfire and examined whether E. regnans stimulated its own N supply through root‐induced increases in microbial decomposition and N mineralization. We compared microbial biomass, gross N mineralization rates and soil C in trenched and rooted plots.

Photosynthetic rates of E. regnans seedlings were high and comparable to photosynthetic rates observed in fertilized crops. Presence of roots of E. regnans and allied microflora enhanced gross N mineralization more than fivefold compared to soil without roots present. Soil microbial biomass was more than doubled by root presence. The soil N pulse caused by the fire and N mineralization rates in the absence of roots were too small to account for the large amount of N stored in E. regnans 2 years after the fire.

Our results suggest that E. regnans facilitated its rapid growth by enhancing microbial activity and N mineralization. This enhanced microbial activity also contributed to a substantial loss of soil C (˜62% of carbon gained in plant biomass was concurrently lost from soil).

Synthesis. At the ecosystem scale, the synergistic effects of plant growth and soil N mineralization need to be carefully assessed against costs to soil C for forests regenerating after disturbance.
Onset‐to‐device time of patients who arrive at off‐hours: Importance of prehospital management and public awareness for patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Mizuguchi Yukio , Shibutani Hiroki , Hashimoto Sho , Yamada Takeshi , Taniguchi Norimasa , Nakajima Shunsuke , Hata Tetsuya , Takahashi Akihiko 
Published: September 2016

SummaryAimThe influence of the time of arrival at the hospital on the door‐to‐device (DTD) time has been investigated; however, the influence on the onset‐to‐device (OTD) time is unclear in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the time of arrival at the hospital and the OTD time in STEMI patients.MethodsWe evaluated 377 STEMI patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) between January 2008 and December 2014.ResultsDuring the study period, 222 patients arrived at our hospital between 9 AM and 9 PM (on‐hours group) and 155 patients arrived between 9 PM and 9 AM (off‐hours group). The DTD time was longer in the off‐hours group than in the on‐hours group (50.4 vs 39.3 minutes; P<.001), while the OTD time was longer in the on‐hours group than in the off‐hours group (285.7 vs 184.5 minutes, P<.001). The 30‐day mortality and peak creatinine kinase levels were similar between the groups. Transfer from a non‐pPCI‐capable facility to our hospital was more common in the on‐hours group than in the off‐hours group (49.1% vs 15.5%, P<.001). The OTD time was shorter in patients who directly visited our hospital than in those who were transferred (172.9 vs 338.5 minutes, P<.001).ConclusionsThe OTD time might be markedly longer in STEMI patients who arrive at the hospital during on‐hours than in those who arrive at the hospital during off‐hours because of the underuse of emergency medical services at STEMI onset.
The peril of proportions: robust niche indices for categorical data
Authors: Pierotti Michele E. R. , Martín‐Fernández Josep A. , Barceló‐Vidal Carles 
Published: September 2016

SummaryIndices of niche breadth and niche overlap for categorical data are typically expressed in terms of proportions of resources use. These are unit‐sum constrained data; hence, direct application of standard general linear modelling methods to such indices can lead to spurious correlations and misleading inference.To overcome these limitations, we introduce a compositional data analysis (CoDA) approach and derive compositional expressions of niche breadth, niche overlap and specialization. Compositional data analysis is specifically devoted to the analysis of vectors of proportions (i.e. compositions) and represents the appropriate framework for the study of sets of data with unit‐sum constraint as those typically used in the calculation of niche indices.We show that compositional indices exhibit suitable statistical properties that make them flexible and robust, allowing downstream application of the full toolbox of multivariate analysis techniques to these estimators, a possibility not available with classical indices. In addition, we find that when characterizing niche breadth, niche overlap and specialization in terms of vectors of proportions, these concepts are naturally integrated in a coherent unifying framework.When data are categorical, we recommend the use of compositional indices for the statistical analysis of specialization metrics, niche breadth and niche overlap. We believe that the unified framework emerging from our compositional approach to niche metrics will allow a more thorough understanding of specialization at multiple levels of biological organization and provide novel insights in complex phenomena such as invasions and niche shifts.