bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uneven Regional Development Under Balanced Development Strategies: Space‐Time Paths of Regional Development in Guangdong, China
Authors: Gu Jie , Zhou Suhong , Ye Xinyue 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMany questions regarding local economic phenomena involve issues of spatial and temporal dependence and heterogeneity. One of the main ideas of the socialist market economic system which was set up in 1978 in China is ‘those becoming rich earlier bring along other people, all achieving the common richer eventually’. However, after several decades, having performed a series of balanced development strategies and policies, is this purpose true or not? How about the outcome of regional level of planning strategies under the socialist‐market system? This paper focus on the intra provincial development, and uses per capita GDP of Guangdong, one of the most developed provinces in China to analyse the economic development of prefecture‐level cities from 1978 to 2013 with a new exploratory space‐time method. Three conclusions can be drawn as follows: first, the degree of regional economic development is gradually deepening along with rapid economic development in Guangdong province and the per capita GDP difference is gradually widening between the Pearl River Delta region and the non‐Pearl River Delta region. The core‐periphery relation is clear within the provincial level's development. Second, the trend and position of space‐time paths are different across regions. Third, the space‐time paths have not intersected across poor and rich regions during the last 33 years. Widening uneven development is concealed by the ‘fast growth’ economic phenomenon. The macro‐economic environment has had some effects on different regions, with the effect on fast growing areas, such as the core region of the Pearl River Delta the most obvious. There is a lag effect on other undeveloped areas. At the same time, under the socialist market economic system, the market is the main motivation behind regional discrepancies, and some policies and strategies aimed at narrowing the gap have had limited success.
Outcome After Pneumonectomy in 17 Dogs and 10 Cats: A Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology Case Series
Authors: Wavreille Vincent , Boston S. E. , Souza C. , Ham K. , Chanoit G. , Rossetti D. , Takacs J. , Milner R. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo report the signalment, presenting clinical signs, surgical complications, histologic diagnosis, postoperative complications, and outcome of dogs and cats undergoing pneumonectomy.Study DesignRetrospective case series; multicenter study.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs (n=17) and cats (n=10).MethodsSignalment, clinical signs, side affected, surgical data, preoperative diagnostic tests (including complete blood count, serum biochemistry, cytologic diagnosis, chest radiographs, and computed tomography), histologic diagnosis, surgical complications, adjunctive therapy, and date and cause of death were collected from records of dogs and cats that underwent pneumonectomy. Survival estimates and complication were assessed.ResultsSeventeen animals had a left‐sided pneumonectomy performed (12 dogs, 5 cats) and 10 animals had a right‐sided pneumonectomy (5 dogs, 5 cats). Fourteen animals were diagnosed with neoplasia (52%). The overall incidence of complications for dogs and cats were 76 and 80%, respectively, with major complications in 41 and 50%, respectively. Respiratory complications (persistent pleural effusion, oxygen dependence, persistent increased respiratory rate, or coughing) were the most frequent complications. No animals died or were euthanatized intraoperative or within the first 24 hours postoperative. One dog (6%) and 2 cats (20%) died, or were euthanatized in the first 2 weeks postoperative.ConclusionBased on this case series, right and left pneumonectomy can be performed with low perioperative mortality in dogs and cats, with some animals experiencing prolonged survival.
The Impact of Observed Variations in the Shear-to-Strain Ratio of Internal Waves on Inferred Turbulent Diffusivities
Authors: Chinn Brian S. , Girton James B. , Alford Matthew H. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe most comprehensive studies of the spatial and temporal scales of diffusivity rely on internal wave parameterizations that require knowledge of finescale shear and strain. Studies lacking either shear or strain measurements have to assume a constant ratio between shear and strain (Rω). Data from 14 moorings collected during five field programs are examined to determine the spatial and temporal patterns in Rω and the influence of these patterns on parameterized diffusivity. Time-mean Rω ranges from 1 to 10, with changes of order 10 observed over a broad range of scales. Temporal variability in Rω is observed at daily, weekly, and monthly scales. Observed changes in Rω could produce a 2–3 times change in parameterized diffusivity. Vertical profiles of Rω, Eshear, and Estrain (shear or strain variance relative to Garret–Munk) reveal that both local topographic properties and wind variability impact the internal wave field. Time series of Rω from each mooring have strong correlations to either shear or strain, often only at a specific range of vertical wavenumbers. Sites fall into two categories, in which Rω variability is dominated by either shear or strain. Linear fits to the dominant property (i.e., shear or strain) can be used to estimate a time series of Rω that has an RMS error that is 30% less than the RMS error from assuming Rω = 3. Shear and strain level vary in concert, as predicted by the Garret–Munk model, at high Eshear values. However, at Eshear < 5, strain variations are 3 times weaker than shear.
Pull-off characteristics of double-shanked compared to single-shanked ligation clips: an animal study
Authors: Schenk Martin , Müller Gottfried , Greiner Tim Oliver , Fahrner Christine , Königsrainer Alfred , Thiel Christian 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackground: The use of surgical ligation clips is considered as the gold standard for the closure of vessels, particularly in laparoscopic surgery. The safety of clips is mainly achieved by the deep indentation of the metal bar with a high retention force. A novel double-shanked (DS) titanium clip was compared to two single-shanked clips with respect to axial and radial pull-off forces.Methods: In a porcine model (8 animals, 51±1 kg), arteries were prepared immediately after euthanisation, assigned to either a medium (2–4 mm; n=120) or a medium-large (3.5–7 mm; n=120) clip size group, and clipped with the appropriate clip size. After dissection, axial and radial pull-off forces were measured.Results: The axial pull-off force of the DS-Clip was higher than one single-shanked clip and comparable to the other single-shanked clip, and overall was linearly correlated to the cross-sectional area of the clip. The radial pull-off force of the DS-Clip was significantly higher than both single-shanked clips and, for the single-shanked clips, was correlated to the total clip thickness. The variation of radial pull-off force was lower for the DS-Clip due to a defined catch in the clip applier.Conclusions: The radial pull-off force was lower than the axial pull-off force in total and therefore appears to be the critical point of dislocation. Due to the higher total holding mass, the DS-Clip provided a clear advantage in this regard and might therefore decrease the dislocation rate. The catch in the applier increases the reproducibility in clip placement.
Idoso com situs inversus totalis e câncer de reto: estudo de caso
Authors: Rodrigues Andrea Bezerra , Oliveira Patrícia Peres , Beserra Dayane Cindy de Castro , Almeida Camila Nogueira Colares , Arruda Ticiana Diva Prado , Silveira Edilene Aparecida Araújo da 
Published: July 2016

Objetivo: operacionalizar o processo de enfermagem para um idoso com câncer de reto e situs inversus totalis baseado no Modelo de Adaptação de Callista Roy utilizando NANDA-I, Classificação dos Resultados de Enfermagem e Classificação das Intervenções de Enfermagem. Método: estudo de caso qualitativo, realizado em um hospital localizado no estado do Ceará, com um idoso com câncer de reto e malformação congênita rara situs inversus totalis, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2014. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa, protocolo número 888.606. Resultados: observou-se que o cuidado ao idoso favoreceu a sua adaptação, pois à medida que as intervenções/atividades foram implementadas e avaliadas, o paciente apresentou melhora diante dos estímulos, o que possibilitou alcançar as metas estabelecidas. Conclusão: a utilização da teoria de Roy permitiu reconhecer que as metas e as ações implementadas foram primordiais na passagem de respostas ineficazes para respostas adaptativas.
Prevalência de úlcera por pressão em um hospital de emergência: estudo transversal
Authors: Bernardes Rodrigo Magri , Caliri Maria Helena Larcher 
Published: July 2016

Objetivos: identificar a prevalência pontual de úlcera por pressão em um hospital de emergência e nos diferentes setores; investigar a associação entre presença da úlcera e variáveis demográficas e clínicas. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo, analítico, realizado em um único dia em um hospital público de ensino universitário de emergência, com 87 pacientes adultos e idosos internados em todo o hospital. Foi realizada avaliação de risco para úlcera por pressão e inspeção da pele dos pacientes. Resultados: prevalência pontual de úlcera por pressão na instituição foi de 40%. A prevalência pontual foi mais elevada na unidade de tratamento intensivo. Encontrou-se associação entre presença de úlcera e maior quantidade de medicamentos, maior tempo de internação e menores escores da Escala de Braden. Conclusão: os métodos utilizados para a avaliação da prevalência podem ser utilizados por enfermeiros em pesquisas operacionais, para avaliar o contexto do problema, e em estudos científicos, que permitem a comparação dos resultados no contexto nacional e internacional.
Sentimentos de gestantes de risco durante a fase de indução: estudo descritivo
Authors: Lima Bruna Celia da Silva , Ribeiro Magna Maria Alves , Martins Elizabeth Rose Costa , Ramos Raquel Conceição de Almeida , Francisco Marcio Tadeu Ribeiro , Lima Dalmo Valério Machado de 
Published: July 2016

Objetivos: descrever como as mulheres com gestação de risco perceberam o momento da indução do trabalho de parto e discutir os sentimentos aflorados neste momento. Método: pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, com dez puérperas em gestação de risco e parto induzido em um hospital universitário no município do Rio de Janeiro. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre março e abril de 2015 por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Empregou-se a análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: os sentimentos desvelados foram aceitação, resignação, dor, medo e insatisfação. Sentimentos positivos emergiram em relação ao nascimento do filho, como amor e fé. Conclusão: as puérperas apresentam principalmente sentimentos de resignação, sofrimento e insatisfação com a vivência da indução do trabalho de parto. As práticas adotadas não estão sendo efetivas para estabelecer a relação de cuidado neste momento tão singular e feminino e requerem maior observância pela enfermagem e demais profissionais de saúde.
Public Health Detailing—A Successful Strategy to Promote Judicious Opioid Analgesic Prescribing
Authors: Kattan Jessica A. , Tuazon Ellenie , Paone Denise , Dowell Deborah , Vo Linda , Starrels Joanna L. , Jones Christopher M. , Kunins Hillary V. 
Published: July 2016

Objectives. To evaluate knowledge and prescribing changes following a 2-month public health detailing campaign (one-to-one educational visits) about judicious opioid analgesic prescribing conducted among health care providers in Staten Island, New York City, in 2013. Methods. Three detailing campaign recommendations were (1) a 3-day supply of opioids is usually sufficient for acute pain, (2) avoid prescribing opioids for chronic noncancer pain, and (3) avoid high-dose opioid prescriptions. Evaluation consisted of a knowledge survey, and assessing prescribing rates and median day supply per prescription. Prescribing data from the 3-month period before the campaign were compared with 2 sequential 3-month periods after the campaign. Results. Among 866 health care providers visited, knowledge increased for all 3 recommendations (P < .01). After the campaign, the overall prescribing rate decreased similarly in Staten Island and other New York City counties (boroughs), but the high-dose prescribing rate decreased more in Staten Island than in other boroughs (P < .01). Median day supply remained stable in Staten Island and increased in other boroughs. Conclusions. The public health detailing campaign improved knowledge and likely prescribing practices and could be considered by other jurisdictions to promote judicious opioid prescribing.
Der Einfluss der elterlichen Trennung im Jugendalter auf die Depressivität von Jugendlichen
Authors: Feldhaus Michael , Timm Andreas 
Published: July 2016

This paper investigates the relationship between parental divorce and the occurrence of depressive symptoms in adolescents, with a particular focus on the quality of parent-child relationships. We use data from the youth cohort (15-17 years old at the time of the first interview) of the first four waves of the Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (abbreviated as pairfam). Panel regressions models, such as fixedeffects models and so-called hybrid models are applied to analyze the causal effects of parental divorce. Our results confirm previous research, in particular from English-speaking countries, that parental divorce or separation increase depressive symptoms significantly. This effect is particularly relevant in high-conflict relationships between children and their mother and father, respectively, while in parent-child relations characterized by high levels of intimacy the negative effects are considerably reduced.
Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht mit aktuell verfügbaren Längsschnittdaten den Zusammenhang zwischen elterlichen Trennungen und der Depressivität von Jugendlichen. Hierbei werden insbesondere die zugrundeliegenden Beziehungsdynamiken zwischen Eltern und ihren Kindern berücksichtigt. Ziel ist es, mit aktuellen, repräsentativen Daten, die überwiegend aus dem angloamerikanischen Raum stammenden Ergebnisse zum Zusammenhang zwischen elterlichen Trennungen und der Depressivität von Jugendlichen für Deutschland zu untersuchen. Für die empirischen Analysen wird die Jugendkohorte des Beziehungs- und Familienpanels (pairfam) und hierbei die Daten der ersten vier Wellen aufbereitet. Es werden erstmals für den deutschen Kontext sowohl fixed-effects-Modelle als auch sogenannte Hybrid-Modelle gerechnet, um stärker unverzerrte, intraindividuelle Veränderungen zu erfassen. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen den Befund, dass eine elterliche Trennung während des Jugendalters trotz der hohen Verbreitung und allgemeinen Akzeptanz von Trennungen und Scheidungen die Depressivität von Jugendlichen signifikant erhöht. Dieser Befund trifft jedoch vor allem für konflikthafte Familienbeziehungen zu, während Beziehungen, die auf Intimität und Geborgenheit ausgerichtet sind, den Effekt der Scheidung deutlich reduzieren und eine erfolgreichere Anpassung bewirken.
ION COLLISIONAL TRANSPORT COEFFICIENTS IN THE SOLAR WIND AT 1 au
Authors: Hellinger Petr 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Proton and alpha particle collisional transport coefficients (isotropization, relative deceleration frequencies, and heating rates) at 1 au are quantified using the Wind/Solar Wind Experiment data. In agreement with previous studies, the ion–ion Coulomb collisions are generally important for slow solar wind streams and tend to reduce the temperature anisotropies, the differential streaming, and the differences between the proton and alpha particle temperatures. In slow solar wind streams the Coulomb collisions between protons and alpha particles are important for the overall proton energetics, as well as the relative deceleration between the two species. It is also shown that ion temperature anisotropies and differential streaming need to be taken into account for evaluation of the collisional transport coefficients.
COSMOGENIC NEUTRINOS CHALLENGE THE COSMIC-RAY PROTON DIP MODEL
Authors: Heinze Jonas , Boncioli Denise , Bustamante Mauricio , Winter Walter 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
The origin and composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remain a mystery. The proton dip model describes their spectral shape in the energy range above 109 GeV by pair production and photohadronic interactions with the cosmic microwave background. The photohadronic interactions also produce cosmogenic neutrinos peaking around 109 GeV. We test whether this model is still viable in light of recent UHECR spectrum measurements from the Telescope Array experiment and upper limits on the cosmogenic neutrino flux from IceCube. While two-parameter fits have been already presented, we perform a full scan of the three main physical model parameters: source redshift evolution, injected proton maximal energy, and spectral index. We find qualitatively different conclusions compared to earlier two-parameter fits in the literature: a mild preference for a maximal energy cutoff at the sources instead of the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin cutoff, hard injection spectra, and strong source evolution. The predicted cosmogenic neutrino flux exceeds the IceCube limit for any parameter combination. As a result, the proton dip model is challenged at more than 95% C.L. This is strong evidence against this model independent of mass composition measurements.
Glacier melting and precipitation trends detected by surface area
changes in Himalayan ponds
Authors: Salerno Franco , Thakuri Sudeep , Guyennon Nicolas , Viviano Gaetano , Tartari Gianni 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. Climatic time series for high-elevation Himalayan regions are decidedly scarce. Although glacier shrinkage is now sufficiently well described, the changes in precipitation and temperature at these elevations are less clear. This contribution shows that the surface area variations of unconnected glacial ponds, i.e. ponds not directly connected to glacier ice, but that may have a glacier located in their hydrological basin, can be considered as suitable proxies for detecting past changes in the main hydrological components of the water balance. On the south side of Mt Everest, glacier melt and precipitation have been found to be the main drivers of unconnected pond surface area changes (detected mainly with Landsat imagery). In general, unconnected ponds have decreased significantly by approximately 10 &amp;pm; 5 % in terms of surface area over the last 50 years (1963–2013 period) in the study region. Here, an increase in precipitation occurred until the mid-1990s followed by a decrease until recent years. Until the 1990s, glacier melt was constant. An increase occurred in the early 2000s, while a declining trend in maximum temperature has caused a reduction in the glacier melt during recent years.
Loss of microRNA Expression is Involved in the Development and Prognosis of Breast Cancer Complicated by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Liu Huan-tao , Xu Yin-Tao , Li Hui-Ying , Zhao Jia , Zhai Hui-Yuan , Chen You 
Published: July 2016

Objective To explore the relationships of the expression of miR-145 to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with breast cancer complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 257 female patients with breast cancer were enrolled for our experiment, including 140 patients with simple breast cancer (control group) and 117 patients with breast cancer complicated by T2DM (observation group). Patients were treated with modified radical mastectomy supplemented with radiotherapy, chemotherapy and endocrine therapy. qRT-PCR was used for the detection of miR-145 expression in patients of both groups. Follow-up lasted 13-60 months. Results The relative expression of miR-145 in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p<0.05). The expression of miR-145 in patients with breast cancer complicated by T2DM was related to the history of diabetes, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, tumor size, lymph node metastasis (LNM), estrogen receptor (ER) status, and HER2 (all p<0.05). The median disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly longer and the 5-year DFS rate significantly higher in the high-expression group than in the low-expression group. History of diabetes, TNM stage, tumor size, LNM, ER status, and HER2 were risk factors for patients with breast cancer complicated by T2DM (all p<0.05). Conclusions Loss of miR-145 expression is related to the development of breast cancer complicated by T2DM, and low miR-145 expression might be an adverse prognostic factor in patients with this disease.
The effects of barriers on supershear rupture
Authors: Xu Jiankuan , Zhang Zhenguo , Chen Xiaofei 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA barrier may induce a supershear rupture transition in some cases, whereas it may prevent the further propagation of a supershear rupture in other cases. We investigate the effects of a barrier on the supershear rupture propagation on a planar fault in a 3‐D half‐space. Our results show that the effect of a barrier on supershear is strongly dependent on its size, strength, and location. For larger sizes, shallower buried depths, and relatively higher strengths, the barrier tends to prevent supershear propagation more strongly. When the barrier is located on the free surface and near the critical distance, it prevents the further propagation of supershear rupture. If a barrier is located far from the critical distance, the first supershear daughter crack is slowed down and a new supershear daughter crack is generated after the rupture front passes through the barrier. This mechanism greatly lengthens the supershear transition distance.
A multi‐biomarker follow‐up study of patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Stilund Morten , Gjelstrup Mikkel Carstensen , Christensen Tove , Møller Holger Jon , Petersen Thor 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the levels of the macrophage marker sCD163 and other biomarkers at the time of diagnosis of patients with either clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), and assess relation to clinical indicators of prognosis, disease activity (DA), and changes in the levels of these biomarkers at follow‐up.Materials and MethodsThe clinical status and MRI were reevaluated in 56 patients more than 1 year after diagnosis with a median follow‐up time of 2 years. Levels of biomarkers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.ResultsThere was no significant difference in time to DA between patients with CIS and RRMS. A high sCD163 ratio (>0.07) was significantly (P = 0.04) associated with time to DA in the untreated patient group. In 21 patients reevaluated with serum and CSF samples, the sCD163 ratio levels decreased from 0.068 to 0.054 (P = 0.026) in the CIS/RRMS‐treated group. The CSF CXCL13, CXCL13 ratio, CSF neurofilament light polypeptide and osteopontin levels also decreased significantly in the CIS/RRMS‐treated group.ConclusionsThe levels of all biomarkers changed concurrently with MS treatment. The sCD163 ratio was identified as a potential novel marker for time to DA.