bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The extracellular matrix of the oleolytic biofilms of Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus comprises cytoplasmic proteins and T2SS effectors that promote growth on hydrocarbons and lipids
Authors: Ennouri Habiba , d'Abzac Paul , Hakil Florence , Branchu Priscilla , Naïtali Murielle , Lomenech Anne‐Marie , Oueslati Ridha , Desbrières Jacques , Sivadon Pierre , Grimaud Régis 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThe assimilation of the nearly water insoluble substrates hydrocarbons and lipids by bacteria entails specific adaptations such as the formation of oleolytic biofilms. The present article reports that the extracellular matrix of an oleolytic biofilm formed by Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus at n‐hexadecane–water interfaces is largely composed of proteins typically cytoplasmic such as translation factors and chaperones, and a lesser amount of proteins of unknown function that are predicted extra‐cytoplasmic. Matrix proteins appear to form a structured film on hydrophobic interfaces and were found mandatory for the development of biofilms on lipids, alkanes and polystyrene. Exo‐proteins secreted through the type‐2 secretion system (T2SS) were shown to be essential for the formation of oleolytic biofilms on both alkanes and triglycerides. The T2SS effector involved in biofilm formation on triglycerides was identified as a lipase. In the case of biofilm formation on n‐hexadecane, the T2SS effector is likely involved in the mass transfer, capture or transport of alkanes. We propose that M. hydrocarbonoclasticus uses cytoplasmic proteins released by cell lysis to form a proteinaceous matrix and dedicated proteins secreted through the T2SS to act specifically in the assimilation pathways of hydrophobic substrates.
Specific surface glycan decorations enable antimicrobial peptide resistance in plant‐beneficial pseudomonads with insect‐pathogenic properties
Authors: Kupferschmied Peter , Chai Tiancong , Flury Pascale , Blom Jochen , Smits Theo H.M. , Maurhofer Monika , Keel Christoph 
Published: October 2016

SummarySome plant‐beneficial pseudomonads can invade and kill pest insects in addition to their ability to protect plants from phytopathogens. We explored the genetic basis of O‐polysaccharide (O‐PS, O‐antigen) biosynthesis in the representative insecticidal strains Pseudomonas protegens CHA0 and Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1391 and investigated its role in insect pathogenicity. Both strains produce two distinct forms of O‐PS, but differ in the organization of their O‐PS biosynthesis clusters. Biosynthesis of the dominant O‐PS in both strains depends on a gene cluster similar to the O‐specific antigen (OSA) cluster of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In CHA0 and other P. protegens strains, the OSA cluster is extensively reduced and new clusters were acquired, resulting in high diversity of O‐PS structures, possibly reflecting adaptation to different hosts. CHA0 mutants lacking the short OSA form of O‐PS were significantly impaired in insect virulence in Galleria injection and Plutella feeding assays. CHA0, PCL1391, and other insecticidal pseudomonads exhibited high resistance to antimicrobial peptides, including cecropins that are central to insect immune defense. Resistance of both model strains depended on the dominant OSA‐type O‐PS. Our results suggest that O‐antigen is essential for successful insect infection and illustrate, for the first time, its importance in resistance of Pseudomonas to antimicrobial peptides.
Nurses and electronic health records in a Canadian hospital: examining the social organisation and programmed use of digitised nursing knowledge
Authors: Campbell Marie L. , Rankin Janet M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractInstitutional ethnography (IE) is used to examine transformations in a professional nurse's work associated with her engagement with a hospital's electronic health record (EHR) which is being updated to integrate professional caregiving and produce more efficient and effective health care. We review in the technical and scholarly literature the practices and promises of information technology and, especially of its applications in health care, finding useful the more critical and analytic perspectives. Among the latter, scholarship on the activities of economising is important to our inquiry into the actual activities that transform ‘things’ (in our case, nursing knowledge and action) into calculable information for objective and financially relevant decision‐making. Beginning with an excerpt of observational data, we explicate observed nurse‐patient interactions, discovering in them traces of institutional ruling relations that the nurse's activation of the EHR carries into the nursing setting. The EHR, we argue, materialises and generalises the ruling relations across institutionally located caregivers; its authorised information stabilises their knowing and acting, shaping health care towards a calculated effective and efficient form. Participating in the EHR's ruling practices, nurses adopt its ruling standpoint; a transformation that we conclude needs more careful analysis and debate.
Efficacy testing of teat dip solutions used as disinfectants for the dairy industry: Antimicrobial properties
Authors: Garvey Mary , Curran Damien , Savage Michéal 
Published: October 2016

The production of raw milk containing a limited number of bacterial contaminants, which retains its quality during storage, is the major task of the dairy industry. This can only be achieved with adequate regular cleaning and disinfection of the udder, milking equipment, the dairy parlour and animal housing areas. Studies were conducted to assess the efficacy of a range of dairy disinfectants on bacterial species isolated from cow udders as well as reference microbial strains (ATCC). Testing included the assessment of bacterial growth inhibition, biofilm inhibition or bacterial susceptibility to disinfection treatment. Findings show that Lir Analytical chemical disinfectants proved highly successful at inactivating a range of Gram‐positive (Bacillus, Enterococcus, Aeromonas) and Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus) organisms, with up to 99.9% inactivation achieved. Additionally, test chemicals provided significant levels (P < 0.05) of biofilm inhibition for a number of test species. Furthermore, it was found that bacterial isolates from cow udders proved more sensitive to the test chemicals than their reference counterparts.
Condom‐catheter tamponade for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage and factors associated with success: a prospective observational study
Authors: Aderoba AK , Olagbuji BN , Akintan AL , Oyeneyin OL , Owa OO , Osaikhuwuomwan JA 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveTo determine the outcomes and factors associated with postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) treatment with condom‐catheter uterine balloon tamponade (C‐UBT).DesignProspective observational study.SettingA secondary healthcare facility in Nigeria.PopulationWomen with PPH refractory to first‐line treatment.MethodsDemographic and clinical characteristics were compared in women with successful and unsuccessful treatment. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association of these characteristics with successful treatment.Main outcome measuresThe success rate of C‐UBT, factors associated with success, and maternal morbidity rates in both successful and unsuccessful treatment groups.ResultsOverall, 203/229 (88.6%) women had successful treatment. Women with successful treatment had lower mean blood loss (1248.8 ± 701.3 ml versus 3434.6 ± 906.6 ml; P < 0.0001), lower occurrence of blood transfusion [139 (68.5%) versus 26 (100%); P < 0.0001], lower intensive care unit admission rates [5 (2.5%) versus 20 (76.9%); P < 0.0001], and lower occurrence of infectious morbidities [3 (1.5%) versus 7 (26.9%); P < 0.0001]. In the regression model with two factors, caesarean section (adjusted odds ratio, aOR 0.17; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.07–0.40) was associated with lower success rates compared with vaginal delivery. In the regression model with three factors, advanced maternal age (aOR 0.31; 95% CI 0.11–0.90) and caesarean section (aOR 0.17; 95% CI 0.07–0.41) were associated with lower success rates in comparison with younger maternal age and vaginal delivery, respectively.ConclusionsSecond‐line PPH treatment with C‐UBT is effective, and is associated with low maternal morbidity rates. Advanced maternal age and caesarean section are associated with lower success rates.Tweetable abstractCondom‐catheter tamponade is a useful second‐line treatment modality for intractable postpartum haemorrhage.
Sustained User Engagement in Health Information Technology: The Long Road from Implementation to System Optimization of Computerized Physician Order Entry and Clinical Decision Support Systems for Prescribing in Hospitals in England
Authors: Cresswell Kathrin M. , Lee Lisa , Mozaffar Hajar , Williams Robin , Sheikh Aziz ,   on behalf of the NIHR ePrescribing Programme Team
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveTo explore and understand approaches to user engagement through investigating the range of ways in which health care workers and organizations accommodated the introduction of computerized physician order entry (CPOE) and computerized decision support (CDS) for hospital prescribing.Study SettingSix hospitals in England, United Kingdom.Study DesignQualitative case study.Data CollectionWe undertook qualitative semi‐structured interviews, non‐participant observations of meetings and system use, and collected organizational documents over three time periods from six hospitals. Thematic analysis was initially undertaken within individual cases, followed by cross‐case comparisons.FindingsWe conducted 173 interviews, conducted 24 observations, and collected 17 documents between 2011 and 2015. We found that perceived individual and safety benefits among different user groups tended to facilitate engagement in some, while other less engaged groups developed resistance and unsanctioned workarounds if systems were perceived to be inadequate. We identified both the opportunity and need for sustained engagement across user groups around system enhancement (e.g., through customizing software) and the development of user competencies and effective use.ConclusionsThere is an urgent need to move away from an episodic view of engagement focused on the preimplementation phase, to more continuous holistic attempts to engage with and respond to end‐users.
Can a More User‐Friendly Medicare Plan Finder Improve Consumers’ Selection of Medicare Plans?
Authors: Martino Steven C. , Kanouse David E. , Miranda David J. , Elliott Marc N. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy for consumers of two potential enhancements to the Medicare Plan Finder (MPF)—a simplified data display and a “quick links” home page designed to match the specific tasks that users seek to accomplish on the MPF.Data Sources/Study SettingParticipants (N = 641) were seniors and adult caregivers of seniors who were recruited from a national online panel. Participants browsed a simulated version of the MPF, made a hypothetical plan choice, and reported on their experience.Study DesignParticipants were randomly assigned to one of eight conditions in a fully factorial design: 2 home pages (quick links, current MPF home page) × 2 data displays (simplified, current MPF display) × 2 plan types (stand‐alone prescription drug plan [PDP], Medicare Advantage plan with prescription drug coverage [MA‐PD]).Principal FindingsThe quick links page resulted in more favorable perceptions of the MPF, improved users’ understanding of the information, and increased the probability of choosing the objectively best plan. The simplified data display resulted in a more favorable evaluation of the website, better comprehension of the displayed information, and, among those choosing a PDP only, an increased probability of choosing the best plan.ConclusionsDesign enhancements could markedly improve average website users’ understanding, ability to use, and experience of using the MPF.
Genetic Identification of Communist Crimes’ Victims (1944–1956) Based on the Analysis of One of Many Mass Graves Discovered on the Powazki Military Cemetery in Warsaw, Poland
Authors: Ossowski Andrzej , Diepenbroek Marta , Kupiec Tomasz , Bykowska‐Witowska Milena , Zielińska Grażyna , Dembińska Teresa , Ciechanowicz Andrzej 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAs the result of the communist terror in Poland, during years 1944–1956 more than 50,000 people died. Their bodies were buried secretly, and most places are still unknown. The research presents the results of identification of people buried in one of many mass graves, which were found at the cemetery Powązki Military in Warsaw, Poland. Exhumation revealed the remains of eight people, among which seven were identified genetically. Well‐preserved molars were used for the study. Reference material was collected from the closest living relatives. In one case, an exhumation of victim's parents had to be performed. DNA from swabs was extracted with a PrepFiler® BTA Forensic DNA Extraction Kit and organic method. Autosomal, Y‐STR amplification, and mtDNA sequencing were performed. The biostatistical calculations resulted in LR values from 1608 to 928 × 1018. So far, remains of more than 50 victims were identified.
Australian consumer awareness of health benefits associated with vegetable consumption
Authors: Rekhy Reetica , Khan Aila , Eason Jocelyn , Mactavish‐West Hazel , Lister Carolyn , Mcconchie Robyn 
Published: October 2016

AimThe present study investigated the perceived health benefits of specific vegetable consumption to guide the use of nutrition and health claims on vegetable marketing collateral.MethodsFree elicitation and consumer ranking data were collected through an online survey of 1000 adults from across Australia and analysed for the perceived importance of vegetables in the daily diet, number of serves consumed per day, knowledge about health‐related benefits of specific vegetables and perceived health benefits of vegetable consumption.ResultsThe importance of vegetables in the diet and daily vegetable consumption was higher in people from an English‐speaking background, females, people aged 45 years and over and people living in non‐metropolitan areas. Digestion was selected as the major health benefit from consumption of specific vegetables. However, understanding of the health benefits of specific vegetable consumption was relatively low among consumers. Half of the respondents were not sure of the health benefits associated with specific vegetables, except for carrots and spinach. Some respondents volunteered nutrient content or other information.ConclusionsThere was no clear indication that consumers understand the specific health benefits conferred by consumption of vegetables. Nutrient and health benefit labelling therefore has the capacity to enhance knowledge of vegetable consumers. It is recommended that health benefit labelling be tailored to promote greater consumption of vegetables in those demographic groups where vegetable consumption was lower. The present study assists the Australian vegetable industry in helping consumers make more informed consumption choices.
Macronutrient content and food exchanges for 48 Greek Mediterranean dishes
Authors: Detopoulou Paraskevi , Aggeli Maria , Andrioti Elena , Detopoulou Maria 
Published: October 2016

AimThe purpose of the present study was to facilitate the translation of traditional Greek Mediterranean recipes into food exchanges for diabetes. Moreover, it provides a useful food list for meal planning, which can be used by health professionals and nutritionists, as well as researchers and the public.MethodsA total of 48 traditional Greek Mediterranean dishes were selected in order to include appetisers, sauces, salads, pies, dishes with vegetables and legumes as well as egg, pasta, rice, meat, fish and poultry‐based dishes. The macronutrient content of each recipe (carbohydrate, fat, protein and dietary fibre) was estimated with the use of the USDA database and Greek food composition tables. Then, in order to calculate the food exchanges per serve, an approximation method was followed as suggested in the literature.ResultsThe Mediterranean Greek dishes contain a considerable amount of vegetables and dietary fibre, and their energy content mainly derives from olive oil. For each serve, carbohydrate, non‐starchy vegetable, protein (lean, medium or high fat), milk and fat exchanges are provided. Moreover, the type of fat that each recipe contains is reported.ConclusionsThe presented data offer a chance for health professionals to efficiently plan Mediterranean‐type meals, ensuring more sophisticated dietetic advice, higher standards of medical nutrition therapy and greater patient self‐efficacy.
Expression profiles of two thaumatin‐like protein (TmTLP) genes in responses to various micro‐organisms fromTenebrio molitor
Authors: Kim Dong Hyun , Noh Mi Young , Park Ki Beom , Jo Yong Hun 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIt is well known that anti‐fungal thaumatin‐like proteins (TLPs) play important roles in plants. Here, we investigated the expression analysis of thaumatin‐like protein genesTmTLPs in response to various pathogens inTenebrio molitor. Developmental expression patterns ofTmTLPs show thatTmTLPs are highly expressed in the early pupal and adult stages. Furthermore, tissue‐specific expression patterns ofTmTLPs indicate thatTmTLP1is highly expressed in the integument and gut of last instar larvae and the integument and Malpighian tubules of 5‐day old adults. In contrast,TmTLP2is highly expressed in the gut of both last instar larvae and 5‐day old adults. We hypothesize that the expression ofTmTLPgenes in developmental stages may be related to molting and body remodeling stresses. In addition, the induction patterns ofTmTLPgenes indicate thatTmTLPs were slightly induced byEscherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Candida albicansandListeria monocytogenes. Furthermore,TmTLP1andTmTLP2were strongly induced in response toE. coliat 9 h post‐injection andL. monocytogenesat 3 h post‐injection. Our results suggest that TmTLPs may possess antimicrobial functions inT. molitor.
Habitat use in eight populations of Sceloporus grammicus (Squamata: Phrynosomatidae) from the Mexican Plateau
Authors: LEYTE‐MANRIQUE Adrian , HERNÁNDEZ‐SALINAS Uriel , RAMÍREZ‐BAUTISTA Aurelio , MATA‐SILVA Vicente , MARSHALL Jonathon C. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractStudies on habitat use have often helped explain observed variation in morphology, behavior and reproductive characteristics among populations within a single species. Here we analyze morphological and ecological characteristics of individuals from the Sceloporus grammicus species complex from 7 different localities (CER, El Cerezo; PAC, Pachuca; HUI, Huichapan; EZA, Emiliano Zapata; SMR, San Miguel Regla; LMJ, La Mojonera; and LMZ, La Manzana) in the state of Hidalgo, and one locality (Cahuacán) in the State of Mexico. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that females from PAC, EZA, LMZ, HUI, SMR and CAH populations use similar microhabitats characterized mostly by bare soil, in females from LMJ and CER use microhabitats characterized primarily by vegetation and rocks. Females were observed using 12 different types of perches. With regard to perch height use, the CCA showed that females from PAC, LMJ, LMZ, SMR, CER and CAH populations were correlated with height to nearest perch (HNP), in the rest of the females were not related to any perch use variable. In contrast, the CCA showed that males from PAC, LMJ and CAH were characterized by microhabitats with higher vegetal coverage, while males from LMZ and CER used microhabitats composed of bare soil, but males from HUI and SMR populations used microhabitats composed chiefly of bare soil and rocks. With respect to perch height use, the CCA showed that males from PAC, LMJ, EZA and LMZ were correlated with distance to the nearest perch, but the rest of the males were not correlated with any perch use variables. Males were observed in 9 different perch types. The males were larger than the females in all morphological variables analyzed. Moreover, in both sexes the snout–vent length is positively correlated with all morphological variables, and although both the slope and ordinate of the origin of all morphological variables were larger in males than females, the analysis of covariance indicated that there is no increase in the morphological variables with increasing SVL between sexes. Our results suggest that variation in habitat use and morphology among populations is an adaptive response (phenotypic plasticity) to the environmental conditions where these populations of Sceloporus grammicus occur.
Cultivated walnut trees showed earlier but not final advantage over its wild relatives in competing for seed dispersers
Authors: ZHANG Hongmao , CHU Wei , ZHANG Zhibin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractLittle is known about seeding regeneration of cultivated trees compared to wild relatives in areas where seed dispersers are shared. Here, we investigated the differences in seed fates of cultivated walnut (Juglans regia) and wild Manchurian walnut (Juglans mandshurica) trees under rodent predation and dispersal. J. regia seeds have higher nutritional value (large size, mass and kernel mass) and lower mechanical defensiveness (thin endocarp) than J. mandshurica seeds. We tracked seeds of J. regia and J. mandshurica under both enclosure and field conditions to assess differences in competing for seed dispersers of the two co‐occurring tree species of the same genus. We found that rodents preferred to harvest, eat and scatter‐hoard seeds of J. regia as compared to those of J. mandshurica. Seeds of J. regia were removed and scatter‐hoarded faster than those of J. mandshurica. Caches of J. regia were more likely to be rediscovered by rodents than those of J. mandshurica. These results suggest that J. regia showed earlier dispersal fitness but not the ultimate dispersal fitness over J. mandshurica in seeding regeneration under rodent mediation, implying that J. regia has little effect on seeding regeneration of J. mandshurica in the field. The effects of seed traits on seed dispersal fitness may vary at different dispersal stages under animal mediation.
Physicochemical Properties, Fatty Acid Profiles, and Sensory Characteristics of Fermented Beef Sausage by Probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum IIA‐2C12 or Lactobacillus acidophilus IIA‐2B4
Authors: Arief Irma Isnafia , Afiyah Dyah Nurul , Wulandari Zakiah , Budiman Cahyo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractProbiotics may be used to enhance the functionality and nutritional values of fermented sausages. This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical and sensory properties of beef sausages fermented by lactic acid bacteria of Lactobacillus plantarum IIA‐2C12 and L. acidophilus IIA‐2B4. These strains were isolated from beef cattle and have shown to display probiotic features. While the nutrient contents were not affected by the probiotics, the pH, texture, and color varied among the sausages. Further analysis on fatty acids showed different profiles of saturated (C14:0, C17:0, and C20:0) and unsaturated (C14:1, C18:1n9c, C18:2n6c, and C22:6n3) fatty acids in sausages with probiotics. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry further revealed some flavor development compounds including acid, alcohols, aldehydes, aromatic, ketones, sulfur, hydrocarbons and terpenes, varied among the sausages. Hedonic test showed no difference in the preference toward aroma, texture, and color for untrained panelists.