bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethical tensions in research: The influence of metatheoretical orientation on research ethics
Authors: Barriage Sarah , Buente Wayne , Greifeneder Elke , Greyson Devon , Kitzie Vanessa , Morales Miraida , Todd Ross 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTWhen developing one's own research agenda, early and mid‐career researchers continually negotiate how best to meet ethical standards and resolve ethical constraints using methodologically sound approaches. Often such struggles occur behind closed doors, their outcomes reflected in the institutional language of an ethical review board. This panel seeks to bring these struggles to the forefront by having panelists who study various populations discuss how they approach ethical challenges in their research. Due to the nature of the groups these panelists study, the panel provides a context where the site of ethical struggles, challenges, and tensions are exacerbated. Key issues to be discussed are: informed consent, risks to participants, and research design and dissemination. Discussion of these issues will be oriented around each participant's metatheoretical orientation to research in library and information science (LIS). Adopting such an approach will highlight some of the main challenges when engaging in ethical practices that may not align with institutional standards, as well as denote possible strategies for addressing them.
Toward accessible course content: Challenges and opportunities for libraries and information systems
Authors: Fenlon Katrina , Wood Laura C. , Downie J. Stephen , Han Ruohua , Kinnaman Alex O. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe population of students with disabilities in post‐secondary institutions is significant and rising. The U.S. Department of Education reports that 11% of students, or more than two million students, in post‐secondary education report having a disability. Providing accessible versions of materials for courses is a core service of disability‐services offices in schools. Finding, obtaining, or generating accessible course content is a challenging process for disability‐services providers at institutions ranging from community colleges to research universities, many of which receive hundreds of individualized requests for content each semester. Although a range of sources and services to assist in this process have emerged, they are insufficient and inefficient because they keep people from working together on a complex, shared problem. In the summer of 2015, we conducted a qualitative study of the challenges facing disability services providers in U.S. post‐secondary institutions, in order to design and implement information systems that would enable large‐scale sharing of locally improved, accessible course content with qualified students in the U.S. This paper reports on the subset of our findings that addresses challenges to providing, sharing, and reusing accessible digital content. Our findings suggest that there are substantial opportunities for the LIS and library communities to apply our expertise to this gap in information services for an expanding population of students.
How can professional associations continue to stay relevant? Knowledge management to the rescue
Authors: Agarwal Naresh Kumar , Islam Md Anwarul 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTProfessional associations across various fields have largely been struggling to stay relevant. Many have been watching a steady decline in membership numbers over the years. In many cases, members who join do not renew their membership. Existing members complain about the association not giving enough value for their membership dues. While the association does all the right things that it has been doing for the years since its existence, there is often a gap in what a changing membership base or potential audience for membership demands and what the association is able to deliver. In such a scenario, what must associations do to change the tide, to continue to stay relevant, to stem the decline, and to attract new members, and retain the ones they have? Using literature from knowledge management (KM), especially Agarwal & Marouf (2014)'s KM adoption framework, Nonaka & Takeuchi (1995)'s SECI model, and Agarwal & Islam (2014)'s KM Tools framework, and a study of the websites of professional associations in library and information science, this paper proposes a thriving KM strategy as a way for professional associations to not just survive, but to thrive. The ideas presented would be relevant to the leadership of professional associations.
Investigating singapore's altmetric landscape
Authors: Erdt Moijsola , Aw Ashley Sara , Aung Htet Htet , Mohammadi Ehsan , Theng Yin‐Leng 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTAltmetrics is an emerging measure for academic impact and it is gaining in global importance. In this paper, we analyse the altmetric landscape of Singapore, a young nation with a fast growing international research sector. We aim to find out if the coverage of altmetrics across the different disciplines is increasing along with the fast increase in the amount of research publications in recent years. We also look into how altmetrics relate to traditional citation counts as a measure of research impact. From our results, we see that there is overall an 18% coverage of altmetrics of Singapore publications from 2009 to 2013. The number of publications with available altmetric data has also been increasing over the years for most disciplines. Correlation results between citation counts and altmetrics show medium to low correlations with distinct differences amongst the various disciplines. A high coverage of altmetrics however does not seem to lead to larger correlations with citation counts. Singapore thus remains an intriguing case study to watch in the coming years.
How children find their way: Access, adaptability and aesthetics in the organisation and design of a new children's library
Authors: Vold Tonje , Evjen Sunniva 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe organization and presentation of books and media is a central part of accessibility in libraries, and a central part of the libraries' presentation of itself. Traditionally, this is based on specific classification schemes, categorization, and alphabetization, performed by trained librarians. This paper investigates a different approach in a children's library, where the children themselves have decided how books should be organized and displayed within the library, and try to identify what messages about childhood the organization, space and design convey. Our initial research suggests that the library's organization promotes serendipity as guiding principle. Giving control to the users signals a desire to empower children, and creating a sense of ownership. The space itself signals fun, but also a homeliness that support multifaceted use.
Research outside academia? – An analysis of resources in extra‐academic report writing
Authors: Börjesson Lisa 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTA significant part of all research takes place in extra‐academic organizations. Practitioner researchers often present their results in publications different from those in academia, e.g. in reports, sometimes (and here) referred to as “gray literature”. Gray literature is increasingly available online. However, availability does not mean that reports are exploited to their full potential in research. Disciplines like archaeology have substantial problems with the scholarly communication and knowledge sharing between extra‐academic and academic research. This paper approaches this problem from a report‐user perspective. For the benefit of potential report users' gray literature literacies, report‐writing practices are analyzed by means of practice theory. Qualitative interviews with six practitioner researchers in Swedish archaeology firms make up the material. The analysis focuses on how report writers draw on regulative, institutional, and infrastructural resources in their practices. Based on the findings about the practices in which reports are written and become informative, the paper presents seven suggestions supporting report users' potential to critically analyze and use report content. The results contribute to the information science field with insights into extra‐academic information practices, and as input in a wider critical discussion of the information‐related conditions for research outside academia.
Three types of affect tags for art images
Authors: Lopatovska Irene 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTArt images are characterized by affective properties that are rarely captured by current classification practices. We conducted a study to test three methods for developing affect descriptors for art images. The first method relied on affect tags derived from analysis of an image's subject matter and colors. The second method involved affect tags derived from analysis of a viewer's facial expressions of emotions associated with each image. The third method relied on affect tags assigned to an image by viewers. The strengths, limitations, and potential of each affect tagging method for art images are discussed.
Evaluating the credibility of english web sources as a foreign‐language searcher
Authors: Young Alyson L. , Komlodi Anita , Rózsa Gyöngyi , Chu Peng 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we present preliminary findings from an exploratory mixed‐methods study of foreign‐language searchers' credibility assessment of web documents when searching in English. Findings highlight a set of criteria used by these searchers to assess the credibility and accuracy of English web sources, the most frequent of which relates to source reputation. Foreign language searchers are more likely to trust an English language source if it is familiar or if it is the official source of information. Design aesthetics and functionality also have an impact on credibility. Findings have implications for the design of online sources that better support credibility assessments of foreign‐language searchers.
“Searching for inspiration”: User needs and search architecture in Europeana collections
Authors: Hill Timothy , Charles Valentine , Stiller Juliane , Isaac Antoine 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTDrawing upon research and current development work at Europeana, this paper discusses search functionality in the Cultural Heritage sector, focusing in particular on the question of ‘inspiration‐oriented’ search, in which users seek out previously‐unknown items to serve as creative stimulus. Inspiration‐oriented search is identified as a variant of the more widely‐studied problem of serendipitous retrieval, and defined as an information‐seeking behavior in which users consciously search for items that are related to known items in ways that are recognizable once seen, but that are nevertheless unpredictable at search‐time. Various strategies for the maximization of both the recognisability and unpredictability of related items are then described, including user‐interface and user‐experience changes and the reconceptualization of datastores as knowledge graphs. Directions for further research are then outlined – including, most importantly, possible metrics for inspiration‐oriented search and their potential for use in machine‐learning ranking frameworks.
Data curation profiling of biocollections
Authors: Bishop Bradley Wade , Hank Carolyn 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTIn the contexts of the data deluge and open data, scientists studying biodiversity benefit from online access to global datasets of existing vouchered biological and paleontological collections. Using biocollections collected over time across the world allows for the advancement of scientific knowledge concerning evolution in process as well as species poleward migrations, an indicator of climate change. This study's purpose was to validate and expand the Data Curation Profiles (DCP) to digital biocollections and inform a DCP framework for worldwide biota. Ten biocollection producers, curating various types of specimens affiliated with the project building the United States' national biodiversity infrastructure, were interviewed using the DCP questionnaire. Results indicate there is extreme diversity in the curation of biocollections and additional DCP questions should be added to reflect the complicated approaches to biological data curation. Although discipline specific metadata creation tools, standards, and practices enable long‐term sustainability of the U.S. digitization effort, some scientists would benefit from further clarification and guidance on the information needs of consumers beyond designated communities of expert users, and the long‐term preservation of biocollections.
What makes a query temporally sensitive?
Authors: Willis Craig , Sherman Garrick , Efron Miles 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis work examines factors that affect manual classifications of “temporally sensitive” information needs. We introduce the concepts oftemporal relevanceandtemporal topicalityto differentiate between different aspects of temporal retrieval research. We use qualitative and quantitative techniques to analyze 660 topics from the Text Retrieval Conference (TREC) previously used in the experimental evaluation of temporal retrieval models. We use regression analysis to model previous manual classifications. We identify factors and potential problems with previous classifications, proposing principles and guidelines for future work on the evaluation of temporal retrieval models.
Using affective signals as implicit indicators of information relevance and information processing strategies
Authors: González‐Ibáñez Roberto , Shah Chirag 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTSearch engines have become increasingly better at providing information to users. However, they still face major challenges, such as determining how searchers process information, how they make relevance judgments, and how their cognitive or emotional states affect their search progress. We address these challenges by exploring searchers' affective dimension. In particular, we investigate how feelings, facial expressions, and electrodermal activity (EDA) could help to understand information relevance, search progress, and information processing strategies (IPS). To meet this goal, we designed an experiment in which 45 participants were exposed to affective stimuli prior to solving a fact‐finding search task. Results indicate that initial affective dimensions are linked to IPSs, search progress, and task completion. However, further analyses suggest that affective‐related features alone have limited utility in the binary classification of relevance using machine learning techniques.
Enhancing agency through information: A phenomenographic exploration of young people's political information experiences
Authors: Smith Lauren , McMenemy David 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper reports the findings of research into young people's experiences of political information. We used a phenomenographic approach to identify variations in experiences of political information. The research explores how young people use information and technology to mediate political information to develop knowledge to become informed citizens. It focuses on how processes of discovery, production, retrieval, manipulation, dissemination, use, and evaluation of information are utilised in different ways by young people through a range of information behaviour techniques. 23 interviews and 3 focus groups were conducted with pupils aged 14–15 at a secondary school in England. The interviews and focus groups were recorded and transcripts and notes taken during the data collection sessions formed the data for analysis. Phenomenographic analysis was carried out, utilising manual coding and NVivo software. A phenomenographic outcome space represents the six qualitatively different ways in which the participants experienced political information, and identifies a range of political information sources, including social media and online news sources, which inform young people's political knowledge and attitudes. The outcome space illustrates the differences in ways young people experience political information and suggests potential for development to more complex ways of understanding the information they encounter. This represents a contribution to understanding the variation in information experiences and is of theoretical and practical value.
An investigation of retracted articles in the biomedical literature
Authors: Budd John M. , Coble Zach , Abritis Alison 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTA major challenge to formal scientific communication is the retraction of published works. This study includes a detailed analysis of retracted articles in biomedical literature, including categorization of the reasons for retraction. The examination covers the years 2010 through 2014. Analysis also includes citations to articles retracted between 2001 and 2005. The totality of the investigation is couched within the context of communication in the biomedical sciences and, to a lesser extent, of the formulation of theories of citation.
The durability and fragility of knowledge infrastructures: Lessons learned from astronomy
Authors: Borgman Christine L. , Sands Ashley E. , Darch Peter T. , Golshan Milena S. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTInfrastructures are not inherently durable or fragile, yet all are fragile over the long term. Durability requires care and maintenance of individual components and the links between them. Astronomy is an ideal domain in which to study knowledge infrastructures, due to its long history, transparency, and accumulation of observational data over a period of centuries. Research reported here draws upon a long‐term study of scientific data practices to ask questions about the durability and fragility of infrastructures for data in astronomy. Methods include interviews, ethnography, and document analysis. As astronomy has become a digital science, the community has invested in shared instruments, data standards, digital archives, metadata and discovery services, and other relatively durable infrastructure components. Several features of data practices in astronomy contribute to the fragility of that infrastructure. These include different archiving practices between ground‐ and space‐based missions, between sky surveys and investigator‐led projects, and between observational and simulated data. Infrastructure components are tightly coupled, based on international agreements. However, the durability of these infrastructures relies on much invisible work – cataloging, metadata, and other labor conducted by information professionals. Continual investments in care and maintenance of the human and technical components of these infrastructures are necessary for sustainability.
Collectivist information behavior: Mentoring circles as sites for knowledge creation
Authors: Given Lisa M. , Kelly Wade B. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTInformation behavior research has typically explored individual‐level practices, even within studies of groups and group activities. Although collaborative information seeking has emerged in recent years to explore how people search for and share information, much of this research also focuses on individual‐level experiences. Collectivist approaches to information behavior have been conducted in only a few studies in the discipline; however, collectivism offers a unique, holistic way to study information practices at within‐group levels. Collectivism also accounts for the social, professional, and other contextual elements that shape group members' information practices when pursuing common shared goals. This exploratory qualitative study used focus groups situated in a constructivist grounded theory methodology to investigate wine industry members' experiences while engaging in peer mentoring circles. Designed as a professional development activity, the mentoring circles provided a platform for the development of long‐term relationships among group members to foster information sharing and knowledge creation relevant to their work environments. The emergent results make a significant contribution to the field as they outline key conditions under which collectivist groups support members' information needs. Findings point to the importance of group cohesion developed through shared (industry‐based) language and knowledge and development of kin‐like relationships to generate unique knowledge communities. Interdependency and reciprocity are shown to play key roles in motivating individual group members to share information with their peers.
Impact of patient‐provider communication on online health information behaviors in chronic illness
Authors: Costello Kaitlin L. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis manuscript analyzes the role that patient‐provider communication has in shaping online health information seeking in patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease [CKD]. Data were collected and analyzed over two years using grounded theory methods; the findings presented in this manuscript are a subset of the results from this larger study. Twelve participants, all diagnosed with CKD, were each interviewed twice for a total of 24 interviews; the posts they made to three different online support groups were also harvested. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method until theoretical saturation was reached. There are multiple factors related to patient‐provider communication that influence online health information seeking, including dismissive responses from providers, the type of information need, time pressure, information overload, the healthcare system, and the desire to verify or crosscheck information by consulting multiple sources. These results highlight the importance of effective communication between people diagnosed with CKD and their healthcare providers, as these interactions impact online health information behavior. In particular, providers should foster an open attitude towards online health information seeking; they should also encourage patients to verify information found online.
Crowdsourcing mobile content through games: An analysis of contribution patterns
Authors: Goh Dion Hoe‐Lian , Pe‐Than Ei Pa Pa , Lee Chei Sian 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTCrowdsourcing of mobile content has become a major way of populating information‐rich online environments. One approach to motivate participation is via games. That is, a crowdsourcing game is built upon the desire of individuals to be entertained while generating useful outputs as byproducts of gameplay. A gap in current research is that actual usage patterns of crowdsourcing games have not been investigated adequately. We address this gap by comparing content creation patterns in a game for crowdsourcing mobile content against a non‐game version. Our analysis of 3024 contributions in both apps reveal 10 categories, divided into: (1) those that conform more to the notion of mobile content utilized to learn about a specific place or for navigational purposes; and (2) those that were about the content creator himself/herself, or in relation to other users or other non‐playing individuals, with the location as a backdrop, similar to status updates in social media platforms like Twitter. We argue that both categories are potentially useful in that they meet different needs, and together could serve to recruit and sustain participation in the longer term. Further, the distribution of categories varied across the apps, indicating that the features afforded by games shape behavior differently from non‐game‐based approaches to crowdsourcing.