bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pemberian Tugas Mandiri Terstruktur Terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika Madrasah Tsanawiyah Nurul Huda
Authors: Rofiqah Siti Anisatur , Erwin Erwin , Gunarto Wahid 
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar fisika siswa yang telah diberi tugas mandiri struktur. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan desain quasi eksperiment. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII MTs Nurul Huda tahun pembelajaran 2011/2012. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak yaitu kelas VIII-1 sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas VIII-4 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Data tes hasil belajar diperoleh dengan pemberian tugas mandiri terstruktur. Perhitungan statistik uji Z yang digunakan untuk uji hipotesis pada penelitian ini menggunakan taraf signifikan (Î±=5%) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pebedaan hasil belajar siswa yang diberi tugas mandiri terstruktur dengan yang tidak diberi tugas mandiri terstruktur dengan hasil perhitungan diperoleh nilai Zhit= 4,01 tidak terletak antara -1,96 dan 1,96 sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Skor hasil belajar fisika dengan menggunakan metode pemberian tugas mandiri terstruktur lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang tidak diberikan tugas mandiri terstruktur yaitu rata-rata nilai kelas eksperimen 73,69, varians 122,59 dan standar deviasi 11,07. Sedangkan rata-rata nilai kelas kontrol 63,90, varians 74,34 dan standar deviasi 8,62.
Evaluasi Program Model CIPP pada Proses Pembelajaran IPA
Authors: Bhakti Yoga Budi 
Published: January 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penerapan evaluasi model CIPP (Contexs, Input, Prosess, Product), mengetahui hasil belajar siswa pada bidang studi IPA dan mengetahui keefektifan proses pembelajaran IPA dengan menggunakan evaluasi model CIPP di SMP IT Raudlatul Jannah. Penentuan keefektifan suatu proses pembelajaran dilihat dari seberapa besar tingkat ketercapaian tujuan pembelajaran yang telah ditentukan pada awal pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan model CIPP dengan mengevaluasi tiap komponen konteks, input, proses dan produk untuk mencapai proses pembelajaran yang efektif. Sumber data penelitian adalah Guru IPA, wakil bidang kurikulum, serta Kepsek yang berada di SMP IT Raudlatul Jannah. Pengumpulan data primer menggunakan instrumen observasi sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui dokumentasi dan wawancara. Data hasil observasi yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara kuantitatif sedangkan data hasil dokumentasi dan wawancara dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang meliputi persyaratan pelaksanaan pembelajaran dan kegiatan pembelajaran dinyatakan cukup efektif.
Evolusi Antar Species (Leluhur Sama dalam Perspektif Para Penentang)
Authors: Helmi Helmi 
Published: January 2018

Sejarah evolusi telah melewati perjalanan yang panjang. Para saintis dan filsuf banyak mengalami perdebatan dalam situasi yang kompleks, akan tetapi salah satu masalah inti dari perbedaan pandangan adalah permasalahan peralihan yang diklaim dapat terjadi antar spesies. Begitu banyak ilmuan yang membantah akan hal ini dari sudut pandang kepercayaan maupun dari fakta ilmiah yang dapat dibuktikan. Para penentang ini merupakan ahli Creationisme atau orang-orang yang percaya akan fakta penciptaan. Mereka mengemukakan berbagai alasan mengapa evolusi antar spesies merupakan hal yang mustahil. Diantara penentang adalah Samuel Wilberforce yang merupakan seorang pendeta, Ia mengkritik dan menentang keras The Origin Of Species By Means Of Natural Selection yang mengungkapkan kemungkinan bahwa manusia dan kera memiliki nenek moyang yang sama. Bantahan selanjutnya datang dari ahli Genetika dan hukum pewarisan sifat yaitu Gregor Mendel. Penemuan Mendel seharusnya menghempaskan teori evolusi Darwin yang dipengaruhi oleh Lamarck kepada krisis yang akut, jika para penerus Darwin tidak segera melakukan revisi untuk membuat penyesuaian. Penentangan yang keras terus berlanjut dari berbagai kalangan dan ahli sains diantaranya seorang ahli anatomi dan paleontology bernama Georges Cuvier serta seorang cendikiawan muslim Adnan Oktar atau lebih dikenal dengan sebutan Harun Yahya.
Microstructure of aluminide coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy produced by the slurry method with inorganic binder
Authors: Kochmańska Agnieszka E. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Slurry aluminide coatings were produced on Ti-based alloy Ti6Al4V in an argon atmosphere. A slurry with a newly-developed composition was applied, consisting of: powders of aluminium and silicon, a fused mixture of salts as an activator and a water solution of a soluble glass as an inorganic binder. The coating production parameters were varied: annealing temperatures of 900, 1000 and 1100°C were used for annealing times of 2, 4 and 6 h. The microstructure, chemical composition and phase composition of the coatings were studied. The correlation between the technological parameters and the coating thickness was also determined. The obtained coatings have a multilayered structure with a phase layout that is desirable from the viewpoint of mechanical and corrosion resistance performance: aluminium-rich phases on the surface and titanium-rich phases near the substrate.
Predictions of Planet Detections with Near-infrared Radial Velocities in the Upcoming SPIRou Legacy Survey-planet Search
Authors: Cloutier Ryan , Artigau Étienne , Delfosse Xavier , Malo Lison , Moutou Claire , Doyon René , Donati Jean-Francois , Cumming Andrew , Dumusque Xavier , Hébrard Élodie , Menou Kristen 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The SPIRou near-infrared spectropolarimeter is destined to begin science operations at the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope in mid-2018. One of the instrument’s primary science goals is to discover the closest exoplanets to the solar system by conducting a three- to five-year long radial velocity survey of nearby M dwarfs at an expected precision of ∼1 m s−1, the SPIRou Legacy Survey-Planet Search (SLS-PS). In this study, we conduct a detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the SLS-PS using our current understanding of the occurrence rate of M dwarf planetary systems and physical models of stellar activity. From simultaneous modeling of planetary signals and activity, we predict the population of planets to be detected in the SLS-PS. With our fiducial survey strategy and expected instrument performance over a nominal survey length of ∼3 years, we expect SPIRou to detect

planets including

habitable-zone planets and

Earth-like planets from a sample of 100 M1–M8.5 dwarfs out to 11 pc. By studying mid-to-late M dwarfs previously inaccessible to existing optical velocimeters, SPIRou will put meaningful constraints on the occurrence rate of planets around those stars including the value of

at an expected level of precision of

. We also predict that a subset of

planets may be accessible with dedicated high-contrast imagers on the next generation of extremely large telescopes including

potentially imagable Earth-like planets. Lastly, we compare the results of our fiducial survey strategy to other foreseeable survey versions to quantify which strategy is optimized to reach the SLS-PS science goals. The results of our simulations are made available to the community on GitHub (https://github.com/r-cloutier/SLSPS_Simulations).
The Association of Molecular Gas and Natal Super Star Clusters in Henize 2–10
Authors: Johnson Kelsey E. , Brogan Crystal L. , Indebetouw Remy , Testi Leonardo , Wilner David J. , Reines Amy E. , Chen C.-H. Rosie , Vanzi Leonardo 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We present ALMA observations of the dwarf starburst galaxy He 2–10 in combination with previous SMA CO observations to probe the molecular environments of natal super star clusters (SSCs). These observations include the HCO+(1-0), HCN(1-0), HNC(1-0), and CCH(1-0) molecular lines, as well as 88 GHz continuum with a spatial resolution of

. After correcting for the contribution from free–free emission to the 88 GHz continuum flux density (∼60% of the 88 GHz emission), we derive a total gas mass for He 2–10 of

M
⊙, roughly 5%–20% of the dynamical mass. Based on a principle component analysis, HCO+ is found to be the best “general” tracer of molecular emission. The line widths and luminosities of the CO emission suggests that the molecular clouds could either be as small as ∼8 pc, or alternately have enhanced line widths. The CO emission and 88 GHz continuum are anti-correlated, suggesting that either the dust and molecular gas are not cospatial, which could reflect that the 88 GHz continuum is dominated by free–free emission. The CO and CCH emission are also relatively anti-correlated, which is consistent with the CCH being photo-enhanced, and/or the CO being dissociated in the regions near the natal SSCs. The molecular line ratios of regions containing the natal star clusters are different from the line ratios observed for regions elsewhere in the galaxy. In particular, the regions with thermal radio emission all have

, and the HCO+/CO ratio appears to be correlated with the evolutionary stage of the clusters.
Tackling the Saturation of Oxygen: The Use of Phosphorus and Sulfur as Proxies within the Neutral Interstellar Medium of Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: James B. , Aloisi A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The abundance of oxygen in galaxies is widely used in furthering our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution. Unfortunately, direct measurements of O/H in the neutral gas are extremely difficult to obtain, as the only O i line available within the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) UV wavelength range (1150–3200 Å) is often saturated. As such, proxies for oxygen are needed to indirectly derive O/H via the assumption that solar ratios based on local Milky Way sight lines hold in different environments. In this paper we assess the validity of using two such proxies, P ii and S ii, within more typical star-forming environments. Using HST-Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) far-UV (FUV) spectra of a sample of nearby star-forming galaxies (SFGs) and the oxygen abundances in their ionized gas, we demonstrate that both P and S are mildly depleted with respect to O and follow a trend, log(P ii/S ii)

, in excellent agreement with the solar ratio of

over the large range of metallicities (0.03–3.2 Z
⊙) and H i column densities (

(H i)/cm−2] =18.44–21.28) spanned by the sample. From literature data we show evidence that both elements individually trace oxygen according to their respective solar ratios across a wide range of environments. Our findings demonst-rate that the solar ratios of

and

can both be used to derive reliable O/H abundances in the neutral gas of local and high-redshift SFGs. The difference between O/H in the ionized- and neutral gas phases is studied with respect to metallicity and H i content. The observed trends are consistent with galactic outflows and/or star formation inefficiency affecting the most metal-poor galaxies, with the possibility of primordial gas accretion at all metallicities.
2017 en Russie
Authors: Giblin Béatrice 
Published: January 2018

La date de parution de ce numéro, octobre 2017, cent ans après la révolution d’Octobre, ne doit bien sûr rien au hasard. Pour la première fois dans l’histoire, un empire disparaissait car son centre, la Russie, décidait de faire sécession. Après la fin des années Eltsine qui laissent la Russie dans une situation géopolitique interne chaotique et très affaiblie sur le plan international, Vladimir Poutine a décidé de remettre la Russie en ordre et de lui redonner son rang international. Cette politique offensive inquiète les Occidentaux. En 2017, quels sont les problèmes géopolitiques que pose la Russie au monde, à son étranger proche, en particulier l’Ukraine et enfin à elle-même ? Les commentateurs sont nombreux à dire qu’avec l’intervention russe en Syrie, ce grand pays a retrouvé la place qui est historiquement la sienne parmi les grands pays avec lesquels il faut compter. C’est à ces questions compliquées que ce numéro double tente partiellement de répondre.
Le cosaque patriote : évolution d’une identité au service de l’État
Authors: Delattre Thomas 
Published: January 2018

Depuis l’effondrement de l’URSS, les cosaques ont fait un retour remarqué en Russie. Incarnant à la fois la Russie tsariste et une certaine moralisation de la société russe, le cosaque moderne s’érige doucement comme l’une des incarnations possibles du patriotisme russe. Grâce à des conceptions préexistantes dans la culture cosaque, telle que la patrie ( otetchetsvo ), réinterprétées par les acteurs du renouveau cosaque avec des conceptions postsoviétiques, la cosaquerie a su capter une partie de la demande patriotique de la société russe. Le patriotisme russe s’incarnant d’abord dans l’État, c’est en s’appuyant sur la tradition de la sloujba (service), que les cosaques défendent leur légitimité à servir l’État, notamment par la formation de corps dédiés, comme les cadets cosaques, ou en s’engageant comme auxiliaires de police. Cet article se propose d’exposer la genèse de cette relation si particulière qui unit la cosaquerie au pouvoir russe, et l’influence de cette relation sur l’identité cosaque et son évolution de la Moscovie à aujourd’hui.
Comparisons of Knowledge of Dutch Nursing Students and Hospital Nurses on Aging
Authors: Dikken Jeroen , Bakker Alice , Hoogerduijn Jita G. , Schuurmans Marieke J. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Although there is a growing population of older adults admitted to hospitals, the literature demonstrates knowledge deficits of nurses regarding older patients. This study investigated knowledge levels of both nursing students and RNs about older hospitalized patients in relation to their educational level and work experience.

Method:
First- and final-year vocational and bachelor nursing students, and associate degree and bachelor degree nurses working in the hospital setting with 0 to 5 years, 6 to 15 years, and more than 15 years of experience, have completed the Knowledge about Older Patients–Quiz (KOP-Q). The KOP-Q has a clearly described theoretical base finding its origin in knowledge regarding nursing care for older patients and shows good content and construct validity.

Results:
A substantial proportion of participants in all groups demonstrated insufficient knowledge about older patients. A difference in knowledge exists among nurses with different educational qualifications, and a link between years of experience and higher knowledge levels of nurses is found.

Conclusion:
Throughout the nursing career, basic care topics in relation to care for older patients should play a key role in basic nursing education programs, as well as for continuing education programs provided in hospitals for nurses.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2018;49(2):84–90.
Calcite production by the calcifying green alga Phacotus lenticularis
Authors: Lenz Sebastian , Gruenert Uta , Geist Juergen , Stiefel Michael , Lentz Maren , Raeder Uta 
Published: January 2018

The importance of carbonate precipitation by phytoplankton in fresh water lakes has not been sufficiently considered in global carbon cycles and climate change scenarios. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the calcifying bivalved phytoflagellate Phacotus lenticularis (Ehrenberg) Deising 1866 on the total calcite precipitation in five European hard-water lakes. For this purpose, an accurate mass determination of single Phacotus lenticularis shells was required. We developed a novel methodological approach to precisely determine the volume and mass of the calcified shells. Focused ion beam (FIB) techniques were employed to investigate internal structural features. Thin layer cross-sections of the shell profiles were reproduced and perforation as well as the crystalline structure of the calcite plates were monitored. 3D-shell models were computed by 360° rotation of the shell cross-sections using a CAD 3D imaging software to calculate precise volumes and estimate realistic masses. In contrast to previous estimates, we determined a 2.8-fold higher shell mass of 0.86 ng CaCO3 (standard deviation SD = 0.18) for the highly massive shells at a mean volume per individual of 334.1 µm³ (SD = 70). An initial shell porosity of less than 5% was derived from thin layer cross-section images, resulting in a presumed mean shell density of 0.0026 ng µm−3. The shell diameter was significantly influenced by the lake’s origin. The shells from each lake displayed substantial variations in diameter and shape. The pores in the shells showed two variations. Wider pore canals penetrated the whole shell wall, whereas small, elongated pores were located along the interspaces between calcite crystals with tabular habit. The approximate average dimensions of these calcite plates were 1.0 × 1.6 × 0.2 µm. The mean lateral wall thickness at the rim and centre of the shell were 1.98 µm (SD = 0.42) and 0.79 µm (SD = 0.17), respectively. The average carbonate precipitation by Phacotus lenticularis in relation to the total epilimnetic suspended calcite precipitation was 6.0% in the oligotrophic lake Großer Ostersee (Bavaria, Germany). During the growing season, Phacotus lenticularis contributed up to 21% of the particulate calcium carbonate in the epilimnion. These findings suggest that Phacotus lenticularis should be considered in the assessment of hard-water lake carbon cycling.
Revelation 1–11
Authors: Leithart Peter J. 
Published: January 2018

The Book of Revelation is the last book in the canon of the New Testament, and its only apocalyptic document, though there are short apocalyptic passages in various places in the gospels and the epistles. This first of two volumes on Revelation offers systematic and thorough interpretation of the book of Revelation. Revelation brings together the worlds of heaven, earth and hell in a final confrontation between the forces of good and evil. Its characters and images are both real and symbolic, spiritual and material, and it is frequently difficult to know the difference between them.
Revelation’s cryptic nature has ensured that it would always be a source of controversy. This commentary focuses on the theological content, gleaning the best from both the classical and modern commentary traditions and showing the doctrinal development of Scriptural truths. Scholarship on the book of Revelation has nonetheless not only endured, but even captured the imagination of generations of Bible students, both professionals and laypeople alike. Through its focus on the message of the book through scholarly analysis, this International Theological Commentary reconnects to the ecclesial tradition of biblical commentary as an effort in ressourcement, though not slavish repetition.
Public Sphere Dialogue in Online Newspapers and Social Spaces: The Nuclear Debate in Post Fukushima France
Authors: De La Poype Ann-Louise , Sood Suresh 
Published: January 2018

The meltdown at the Japanese Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (March 2011) provided a trigger to contribute this research about the ways in which French newspapers facilitate (or not) a public dialogue on the issue of nuclear energy. Nuclear power not only generates over 75% of the electricity in France but also sustains a healthy domestic job creation program and drives nuclear technology exports. Hence, the absence of public debate amongst the French in nuclear energy over the long term is not surprising. Against this backdrop of French nuclear interests and post Fukushima, this paper presents a French language computer-mediated discourse analysis on nuclear debates and discussions taking place online in the hybrid public sphere. This space straddles user-generated content in the public comment spaces of newspapers embracing the spectrum of political persuasions (Le Figaro, Le Monde and Liberation) and social media.
Qualitative and quantitative research methods uncover citizen interactions within the online public sphere comprising newspapers. Findings illuminate the progress of deliberations on nuclear power in online newspapers following a process of agenda setting through news stories, providing space for public dialogue and the digital curating of social media commentary. Furthermore, the research reveals the relevance of the Habermasian public sphere concept within the context of online newspapers. Key learning for the role of the media in fostering the democratic process using social media and insights for the political communications landscape within the context of the nuclear debate compliment the research.
My home, my school, my island: home education in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Varnham Sally Elizabeth Anne 
Published: January 2018

“I suppose it is because nearly all children go to school nowadays, and have things arranged for them, that they seem so forlornly unable to produce their own ideas”
Agatha Christie

There is evidence that more and more parents in the developed countries worldwide are choosing to educate their children at home. This is despite, or because of, the existence of comprehensive government education systems which assume state responsibility. New Zealand and Australia, in common with countries in the European Community, the United States and Canada have education legislation which aims to ensure that education is free, available and compulsory to all children generally between the ages of 5 and 15. Government schools are publicly funded and this funding inevitably comes with varying degrees of state control. There is also, in New Zealand and Australia, private and church education available for those parents who want a formal education for their children outside the government system. Despite these alternatives, parents are increasingly electing not to entrust the education of their children to any of the formal systems and are choosing instead to assume sole responsibility for this education. How do governments respond to this exercise of parental choice? This paper examines the current legal position of home education in Australia and New Zealand. It considers the reasons so many parents are now choosing to opt their children out of schools and keep them at home; and the extent to which the state allows them this choice.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 10, No. 1
Authors: John Albert 
Published: January 2018

International Journal of Chemistry wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated. Many authors, regardless of whether International Journal of Chemistry publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 1 Ahmet Ozan Gezerman, Yildiz Technical University, TurkeyAmer A. Taqa, Mosul University, IraqChanchal Kumar Malik, Vanderbilt University, USAGreg Peters, University of Findlay, USAHesham G. Ibrahim, Al-Mergheb University, LibyaMustafa Oguzhan Kaya, Siirt University, TurkeyPriyanka Singh, University of Iowa, USAR. K. Dey, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT), IndiaSeverine Queyroy, Aix-Marseille Université, FranceShyamal Kumar Chattopadhyay, Bengal Engineering and Science University, IndiaSitaram Acharya, Texas Christian University, USASitaram Bhavaraju, U.S.PHARMACOPEIA, USAThirupathi Barla, Harvard University, USA Albert JohnOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of ChemistryCanadian Center of Science and Education