bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Par3/Baz levels control epithelial folding at actomyosin-enriched compartmental boundaries
Authors: Urbano Jose M. , Naylor Huw W. , Scarpa Elena , Muresan Leila , Sanson Bénédicte 
Published: April 2017

AbstractEpithelial folding is crucial to shape embryos and tissues during development. Here we investigate the coupling between epithelial folding and actomyosin-rich boundaries. The mechanistic relationship between the two is unclear, since actomyosin-rich boundaries can be either associated with folds or not, while epithelial folding has been found to be either dependent or independent of actomyosin contractility. Here we investigate the shallow folds that form at compartmental parasegment boundaries (PSBs) in the earlyDrosophilaembryo. First, we demonstrate that formation of these folds is dependent on the contractility of supracellular actomyosin cables. When the Myosin II phosphatase Flawing is depleted at the PSBs, actomyosin contractility increases, resulting in deeper folds. Conversely, inwinglessmutants, actomyosin enrichment and increased contractility at PSBs are lost and this correlates with an absence of folding. Furthermore, when we make ectopic PSBs by expressing Wingless ubiquitously, the ectopic boundaries become enriched in actomyosin and epithelial folds form. Ectopic PSB folds, however, are much deeper than endogenous ones, indicating that epithelial folding is normally under inhibitory control. We present evidence that depletion of Bazooka/Par-3 levels at PSB cell-cell contacts, which is under Wingless signaling control, is responsible for this inhibition. Bazooka is found depleted at endogenous but not ectopic PSBs. In embryos overexpressing Bazooka, endogenous PSB folds form earlier and are much deeper. To ask how local signaling at the boundaries control Bazooka levels at cell-cell contacts, we examined embryos that ectopically expressed Wingless in anhedgehogmutant background. In these embryos, inhibition of folding is rescued, with ectopic PSBs now forming shallow folds as endogenous PSBs. Bazooka is depleted at these ectopic PSBs in absence of Hedgehog, suggesting an opposite effect of Wingless and Hedgehog signaling on Bazooka levels at PSB cell-cell contacts. This uncovers a new role of Bazooka in controlling fold formation at actomyosin-rich compartmental boundaries.
Modeling the consequences of regional heterogeneity in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake on transmission in Switzerland
Authors: Riesen Maurane , Garcia Victor , Low Nicola , Althaus Christian L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundCompleted human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination by age 16 years among women in Switzerland ranges from 17 to 75% across 26 cantons. The consequences of regional heterogeneity in vaccination coverage on transmission and prevalence of HPV-16 are unclear.MethodsWe developed a deterministic, population-based model that describes HPV-16 transmission among young adults within and between the 26 cantons of Switzerland. We parameterized the model using sexual behavior data from Switzerland and data from the Swiss National Vaccination Coverage Survey. First, we investigated the general consequences of heterogeneity in vaccination uptake between two sub-populations. We then compared the predicted prevalence of HPV-16 after the introduction of heterogeneous HPV vaccination uptake in all of Switzerland with homogeneous vaccination at an uptake that is identical to the national average (52%).ResultsHPV-16 prevalence in women is 3.34% when vaccination is introduced and begins to diverge across cantons, ranging from 0.14 to 1.09% after 15 years of vaccination. After the same time period, overall prevalence of HPV-16 in Switzerland is only marginally higher (0.55 %) with heterogeneous vaccination uptake than with homogeneous uptake (0.49%). Assuming inter-cantonal sexual mixing, cantons with low vaccination uptake benefit from a reduction in prevalence at the expense of cantons with high vaccination uptake.ConclusionsRegional variations in uptake diminish the overall effect of vaccination on HPV-16 prevalence in Switzerland, although the effect size is small. Cantonal efforts towards HPV-prevalence reduction by increasing vaccination uptake are impaired by cantons with low vaccination uptake. Harmonization of cantonal vaccination programs would reduce inter-cantonal differences in HPV-16 prevalence.
Polymorphisms in the yeast galactose sensor underlie a natural continuum of nutrient-decision phenotypes
Authors: Lee Kayla B. , Wang Jue , Palme Julius , Escalante-Chong Renan , Hua Bo , Springer Michael 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn nature, microbes often need to “decide” which of several available nutrients to utilize, a choice that depends on a cell’s inherent preference and external nutrient levels. While natural environments can have mixtures of different nutrients, phenotypic variation in microbes’ decisions of which nutrient to utilize is poorly studied. Here, we quantified differences in the concentration of glucose and galactose required to induce galactose-responsive (GAL) genes across 36 wildS. cerevisiaestrains. Using bulk segregant analysis, we found that a locus containing the galactose sensorGAL3was associated with differences in GAL signaling in eight different crosses. Using allele replacements, we confirmed thatGAL3is the major driver of GAL induction variation, and thatGAL3allelic variation alone can explain as much as 90% of the variation in GAL induction in a cross. TheGAL3variants we found modulate the diauxic lag, a selectable trait. These results suggest that ecological constraints on the galactose pathway may have led to variation in a single protein, allowing cells to quantitatively tune their response to nutrient changes in the environment.Author summaryIn nature, microbes often need to decide which of many potential nutrients to consume. This decision making process is complex, involving both intracellular constraints and the organism’s perception of the environment. To begin to mimic the complexity of natural environments, we grew cells in mixtures of two sugars, glucose and galactose. We find that in mixed environments, the sugar concentration at which cells decides to induce galactose-utilizing (GAL) genes is highly variable in natural isolates of yeast. By analyzing crosses of phenotypically different strains, we identified a locus containing the galactose sensor, a gene that in theory could allow cells to tune their perception of the environment. We confirmed that the galactose sensor can explain upwards of 90% of the variation in the decision to induce GAL genes. Finally, we show that the variation in the galactose sensor can modulate the time required for cells to switch from utilizing glucose to galactose. Our results suggest that signaling pathways can be highly variable across strains and thereby might allow for rapid adaption in fluctuating environments.
Sub-minute phosphoregulation of cell-cycle systems duringPlasmodiumgamete formation
Authors: Invergo Brandon M. , Brochet Mathieu , Yu Lu , Choudhary Jyoti , Beltrao Pedro , Billker Oliver 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMalaria parasites are protists of the genusPlasmodium, whose transmission to mosquitoes is initiated by the production of gametes. Male gametogenesis is an extremely rapid process that is tightly controlled to produce eight flagellated microgametes from a single haploid gametocyte within 10 minutes after ingestion by a mosquito. Regulation of the cell cycle is poorly understood in divergent eukaryotes likePlasmodium, where the highly synchronous response of gametocytes to defined chemical and physical stimuli from the mosquito has proved to be a powerful model to identify specific phosphorylation events critical for cell-cycle progression. To reveal the wider network of phosphorylation signalling in a systematic and unbiased manner, we have measured a high-resolution time course of the phosphoproteome ofP. bergheigametocytes during the first minute of gametogenesis. The data show an extremely broad response in which distinct cell-cycle events such as initiation of DNA replication and mitosis are rapidly induced and simultaneously regulated. We identify several protein kinases and phosphatases that are likely central in the gametogenesis signalling pathway and validate our analysis by investigating the phosphoproteomes of mutants in two of them, CDPK4 and SRPK1. We show these protein kinases to have distinct influences over the phosphorylation of similar downstream targets that are consistent with their distinct cellular functions, which is revealed by a detailed phenotypic analysis of an SRPK1 mutant. Together, the results show that key cell-cycle systems inPlasmodiumundergo simultaneous and rapid phosphoregulation. We demonstrate how a highly resolved time-course of dynamic phosphorylation events can generate deep insights into the unusual cell biology of a divergent eukaryote, which serves as a model for an important group of human pathogens.
How consumer mindsets in ethnic Chinese societies affect the intention to buy Fair Trade products
Authors: Yen Ghi-Feng , Wang Ru-Yu , Yang Hsin-Ti 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine how psychological antecedents (i.e. consumer mindsets) and individual difference characteristics (i.e. moral identity) affect the intention to purchase Fair Trade products based on the triadic reciprocal causation model in social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986). The primary factors that influence ethical consumption decisions in ethnic Chinese societies were explored by integrating the unique cultural environment of the Chinese.

Design/methodology/approach
The study effective sample comprised university students and professors. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses and indirect effects. Results showed that moral identity internalization had a mediating effect on the relationship between a collectivistic mindset and the intention to purchase Fair Trade products.

Findings
A high moral identity symbolization had a moderating effect on the relationship between a collectivistic mindset and the intention to purchase Fair Trade products. This demonstrated that the two dimensions of moral identity, internalization and symbolization, play different roles and have different functions in regards to the intention to purchase Fair Trade products.

Research limitations/implications
Future studies are urged to examine this issue at a cultural level by performing a cross-cultural comparison and to integrate consumer heterogeneity for a deeper examination of the interaction between demographic factors and psychological traits on consumer behaviours regarding Fair Trade products.

Originality/value
This study indicates that moral identity internalization is the primary factor that influences ethical consumption decisions in Chinese societies. In terms of the moderating effect of moral identity symbolization, results showed that the higher an individual’s moral identity symbolization, the stronger the relationship between a collectivistic mindset and the intention to purchase Fair Trade products is. These results can serve as a reference for marketing communications and market segmentation policies in the business world.
Evaluating the brand image of a rock festival using positive critical incidents
Authors: Kinnunen Maarit , Uhmavaara Kerttu , Jääskeläinen Maiju 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
Since effective and successful branding increases the popularity and loyalty of the festival, and its economic success factors like positive media coverage and sponsors’ interest, it is essential that the festival brand image is credible and strong. The purpose of this paper is to focus on interpreting audience’s perceptions on a rock festival brand image to find out the factors that influence the brand image of the festival and how organisers could contribute to it.

Design/methodology/approach
Critical Incident Technique (CIT) was used in defining the factors influencing a rock festival brand.

Findings
The attending public co-produce the festival brand, and the brand image was created by the festival community where the importance of social and inclusive behaviour towards strangers was essential.

Research limitations/implications
The data were collected as a voluntary response sample which led to a biased sample. Another limitation is that the informants were asked to describe only positive incidents.

Practical implications
The festival brand image cannot be produced solely by organisers; rather, volunteers, artists and especially audience members are crucial for the success and creditability of the brand. This should be considered in marketing and event management.

Originality/value
The use of CIT in the festival brand image evaluation introduces new possibilities in the field.
Sponsorship and patronage and beyond
Authors: Settembre Blundo Davide , García Muiña Fernando Enrique , Fernández del Hoyo Alfonso Pedro , Riccardi Maria Pia , Maramotti Politi Anna Lucia 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present alternative management practice methods for the cultural heritage sector apart from the traditional public support model. These alternatives rely on sponsorship and patronage as well as the newer and more innovative public-private partnership (PPP).Design/methodology/approachThe paper is organized in two conceptual sections based on a literature review. The first section presents and compares two closely associated business strategy forms that are increasingly becoming popular within companies: sponsorship and patronage. These strategies are analyzed to show their advantages and disadvantages and are assessed based on their best uses in terms of the benefits from their implementation to all stakeholders involved (benefactors, recipients and the public) and, more particularly, to the benefactor’s company communication policy. The second section analyzes the PPP as a newer innovative practice in the cultural heritage sector, a recent development that has great potential, especially during an economic crisis where public funds are reduced, which risks the future recovery and proper maintenance of sites.FindingsIn the paper, the authors stressed that sponsorship, patronage and PPP are not merely alternative ways of primarily obtaining government funding for the cultural heritage sector but are also new strategic management practices that, when properly performed, will not only preserve and improve the sector but also allow more value to be distributed among all stakeholders.Originality/valueAlthough the topic of PPP is treated fairly in the scientific literature, especially with regard to infrastructure, there are few cases of the application of this model to cultural heritage management.
Does lean manufacturing improve firm value?
Authors: Zhu Xuechang , Lin Yu 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of lean manufacturing on firm value. In particular, it analyses the effects of R&D investment on the relationship between lean manufacturing and firm value.Design/methodology/approachIn this empirical analysis of the relationship between lean manufacturing and firm value, the authors use a propensity score matching (PSM) with a difference-in-difference (DID) estimator to control selection bias and reduce endogenous problems. They also use the triple difference estimator to explore the role of R&D investment.FindingsThe results suggest that the achievement of positive and significant effects of lean manufacturing implementation on firm value for a long time and R&D can accelerate this progress.Research limitations/implicationsThis study highlights the role of R&D investment in accelerating the achievement of positive effects of lean manufacturing on firm value. However, the results may not be entirely generalizable because the empirical data are based solely on Chinese manufacturing firms.Practical implicationsManagers need to perform long-term planning while implementing lean manufacturing and should not over-expect a significant short-term improvement in performance. The authors also recommend that enterprises should pay attention to R&D while implementing lean manufacturing.Originality/valueThis paper may be the first study to empirically examine the relationship between lean manufacturing and firm value in China by combining a PSM model with the DID estimator to reduce endogenous problems.
High task interdependence: job rotation and other approaches for overcoming ingroup favoritism
Authors: Wagner Jürgen P. , Grigg Nigel , Mann Robin , Mohammad Musli 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how the basic problem of ingroup favoritism in a setting of high task interdependence is addressed through an intervention strategy combining different approaches.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reports on evidence from extensive field-based case research. It focuses on the holistic description of a single high-performance logistics setting and discusses the distinct but interrelated managerial approaches against the backdrop of behavioral theory.FindingsMost notably, the authors examine how culturally specific factors such as people’s social ingroup-outgroup categorization is reduced through a continual rotation of jobs. Work relationships are purposefully depersonalized and consequently socially reframed through reference to the corporate philosophy. Likewise, behaviors, roles and responsibilities are redefined based on a purposeful reinterpretation of the corporate philosophy. The authors evaluate these desired behaviors against the background of the perceptions of work group members and describe how these guide actual behaviors.Practical implicationsThe insights of this study exemplify how adverse behavioral effects that may occur in some socio-cultural contexts may be avoided through the appropriate design of operations.Originality/valueThis study employs a holistic approach to provide valuable insights into both practitioners and academics in the field of OM to counteract detrimental behavioral effects in real-world operations.
Differences in implementing corporate social responsibility through SA8000 and ISO 26000 standards
Authors: Chiarini Andrea , Vagnoni Emidia 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
There are different ways of implementing a corporate social responsibility (CSR) system. One interesting way of implementing a CSR system is based on standards such as SA8000 and ISO 26000. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the differences brought by the two standards in European manufacturing in CSR implementation using a survey.

Design/methodology/approach
Eight hypotheses were derived from an analysis of the implementation pattern for a CSR management system revealed from a review of the literature as well as from the actual two investigated standards. A questionnaire based on these hypotheses was administered to the CSR managers of 326 European manufacturing companies. A χ2 and Cramer’s V-tests were used to validate the results. The CSR managers also added comments to their responses. The qualitative results gathered from the respondents’ comments helped the authors’ to better understand the quantitative data.

Findings
The results showed differences in how the standards affect strategies, economic and financial issues, stakeholders involved, environmental management, customer and market issues, supply chain management and CSR key performance indicators. The results indicated that it is not clear how production and technical departments can be involved in and committed to such standards or, in general, to a CSR system.

Research limitations/implications
The research is based on a sample of European manufacturing managers and limited to the implementation of two specific CSR standards.

Practical implications
The differences between the standards should be interesting to practitioners who are thinking of implementing a CSR system in a manufacturing context and weighing the pros and cons of each standard.

Originality/value
This research analyses, for the first time, the differences in CSR implementation brought by SA8000 and ISO 26000 in manufacturing and, in particular, in production and technical departments.
The role of staff engagement in facilitating staff-led value co-creation
Authors: Merrilees Bill , Miller Dale , Yakimova Raisa 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe study extends customer-led co-creation research to the related staff-led value co-creation domain. In particular, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of staff engagement as a facilitator of staff-led value co-creation.Design/methodology/approachA new conceptual framework develops a model of staff-led value-creation, using three types of staff-led co-creation. A quantitative approach is used. Survey collection yielded a sample of 1,165 employees in an Australian not-for-profit context across 19 organizations. AMOS structural equation modeling analyzes the data.FindingsA major finding is the nexus between staff engagement and staff-led value co-creation. The nexus applies for three types of staff-led co-creation and three staff categories. Different explanatory mechanisms apply to each type of staff-led value co-creation.Research limitations/implicationsThe not-for-profit context may not generalize to the for-profit sector, but future research could clarify this matter.Practical implicationsThe results can inform organizations wishing to create greater service contributions through greater staff participation, which can include a staff-initiating (staff-led) role. Different value co-creation targets require different corporate triggers, reflecting the different explanatory mechanisms of each co-creation type.Social implicationsNot-for-profit context ensures major social implications.Originality/valueThe emphasis on staff-led value co-creation augments the customer-led co-creation literature. Additionally, exploring the (staff) engagement to (staff) value co-creation nexus is a novel contribution.
Smile for a while: the effect of employee-displayed smiling on customer affect and satisfaction
Authors: Otterbring Tobias 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of employee-displayed smiling on customers’ affective states (pleasure, arousal, and dominance) and satisfaction. Building on the stimulus-organism-response framework and theories of emotional contagion and feelings-as-information, the main hypothesis was that a smiling (vs non-smiling) employee significantly increases customer satisfaction through the mediating influence of pleasure.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a quasi-experimental two-group between-subjects design. A total of 210 customers at a large retail bank had a brief service encounter at the store entrance with a smiling (vs non-smiling) bank teller. Customers then went into the bank to do what they came to do. Before leaving the bank, customers completed a survey that included demographic information, affect (pleasure, arousal, and dominance), and measures of customer satisfaction.FindingsA smiling (vs non-smiling) employee had a significant positive impact on customer satisfaction. This effect was mediated by pleasure, but also, to a weaker extent, by dominance. These results contradict previous claims that smiling-induced emotional contagion does not remain throughout the completion of a service encounter.Practical implicationsManagers should encourage, and potentially train, employees to act in ways associated with positive emotions. Managers could also hire employees based on how good they are at acting and expressing themselves in a genuinely positive manner and create a pleasant store atmosphere so that the feelings and behaviors displayed by frontline employees are genuine rather than inauthentic.Originality/valueThis is the first experimental field study to examine the isolated effect that employee-displayed smiling has on customers’ affective states and satisfaction. The results provide more direct evidence for the psychological processes justified by emotional contagion and feelings-as-information theories. Furthermore, the finding that dominance mediates the smiling-satisfaction link has never been shown before.