bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brandt's cormorant diet (1994–2012) indicates the importance of fall ocean conditions for northern anchovy in central California
Authors: Elliott Meredith L. , Schmidt Annie E. , Acosta Sara , Bradley Russell , Warzybok Pete , Sakuma Keith M. , Field John C. , Jahncke Jaime 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEffective ecosystem‐based management requires a comprehensive understanding of the functional links in the system. In many marine systems, forage species constitute a critical link between primary production and upper trophic level marine predators. As top predators, seabirds can be indicators of the forage species they consume and the ocean processes that influence these populations. We analyzed the diet and breeding success for the years 1994, 2003, 2005, and 2007–2012 of the Brandt's cormorant (Phalacrocorax penicillatus), a piscivorous diving seabird, breeding in central California, to evaluate the extent to which cormorant diet composition relates to prey availability, and how diet composition relates to breeding success and ocean conditions. Cormorant diet was primarily composed of young‐of‐the‐year (YOY) northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax), YOY rockfish (Sebastes spp.), and several species of small flatfish (order Pleuronectiformes). YOY rockfish consumption was positively related to their abundance as measured in a late spring pelagic midwater trawl survey. Northern anchovy appeared to be the most important prey as its consumption was positively related to cormorant breeding success. More northern anchovy were consumed in years where warm‐water conditions prevailed in the fall season before cormorant breeding. Thus, warm ocean conditions in the fall appear to be an important contributing factor in producing a strong year‐class of northern anchovy in central California and consequently a strong‐year class of Brandt's cormorant on the Farallon Islands.
Planktonic marine iron oxidizers drive iron mineralization under low‐oxygen conditions
Authors: Field E. K. , Kato S. , Findlay A. J. , MacDonald D. J. , Chiu B. K. , Luther G. W. , Chan C. S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObservations of modern microbes have led to several hypotheses on how microbes precipitated the extensive iron formations in the geologic record, but we have yet to resolve the exact microbial contributions. An initial hypothesis was that cyanobacteria produced oxygen which oxidized iron abiotically; however, in modern environments such as microbial mats, where Fe(II) and O2 coexist, we commonly find microaerophilic chemolithotrophic iron‐oxidizing bacteria producing Fe(III) oxyhydroxides. This suggests that such iron oxidizers could have inhabited niches in ancient coastal oceans where Fe(II) and O2 coexisted, and therefore contributed to banded iron formations (BIFs) and other ferruginous deposits. However, there is currently little evidence for planktonic marine iron oxidizers in modern analogs. Here, we demonstrate successful cultivation of planktonic microaerophilic iron‐oxidizing Zetaproteobacteria from the Chesapeake Bay during seasonal stratification. Iron oxidizers were associated with low oxygen concentrations and active iron redox cycling in the oxic–anoxic transition zone (<3 μm O2, <0.2 μm H2S). While cyanobacteria were also detected in this transition zone, oxygen concentrations were too low to support significant rates of abiotic iron oxidation. Cyanobacteria may be providing oxygen for microaerophilic iron oxidation through a symbiotic relationship; at high Fe(II) levels, cyanobacteria would gain protection against Fe(II) toxicity. A Zetaproteobacteria isolate from this site oxidized iron at rates sufficient to account for deposition of geologic iron formations. In sum, our results suggest that once oxygenic photosynthesis evolved, microaerophilic chemolithotrophic iron oxidizers were likely important drivers of iron mineralization in ancient oceans.
A potato model intercomparison across varying climates and productivity levels
Authors: Fleisher David H. , Condori Bruno , Quiroz Roberto , Alva Ashok , Asseng Senthold , Barreda Carolina , Bindi Marco , Boote Kenneth J. , Ferrise Roberto , Franke Angelinus C. , Govindakrishnan Panamanna M. , Harahagazwe Dieudonne , Hoogenboom Gerrit , Naresh Kumar Soora , Merante Paolo , Nendel Claas , Olesen Jorgen E. , Parker Phillip S. , Raes Dirk , Raymundo Rubi , Ruane Alex C. , Stockle Claudio , Supit Iwan , Vanuytrecht Eline , Wolf Joost , Woli Prem 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA potato crop multimodel assessment was conducted to quantify variation among models and evaluate responses to climate change. Nine modeling groups simulated agronomic and climatic responses at low‐input (Chinoli, Bolivia and Gisozi, Burundi)‐ and high‐input (Jyndevad, Denmark and Washington, United States) management sites. Two calibration stages were explored, partial (P1), where experimental dry matter data were not provided, and full (P2). The median model ensemble response outperformed any single model in terms of replicating observed yield across all locations. Uncertainty in simulated yield decreased from 38% to 20% between P1 and P2. Model uncertainty increased with interannual variability, and predictions for all agronomic variables were significantly different from one model to another (P < 0.001). Uncertainty averaged 15% higher for low‐ vs. high‐input sites, with larger differences observed for evapotranspiration (ET), nitrogen uptake, and water use efficiency as compared to dry matter. A minimum of five partial, or three full, calibrated models was required for an ensemble approach to keep variability below that of common field variation. Model variation was not influenced by change in carbon dioxide (C), but increased as much as 41% and 23% for yield and ET, respectively, as temperature (T) or rainfall (W) moved away from historical levels. Increases in T accounted for the highest amount of uncertainty, suggesting that methods and parameters for T sensitivity represent a considerable unknown among models. Using median model ensemble values, yield increased on average 6% per 100‐ppm C, declined 4.6% per °C, and declined 2% for every 10% decrease in rainfall (for nonirrigated sites). Differences in predictions due to model representation of light utilization were significant (P < 0.01). These are the first reported results quantifying uncertainty for tuber/root crops and suggest modeling assessments of climate change impact on potato may be improved using an ensemble approach.
Application of the fast sensory method ‘Rate‐All‐That‐Apply’ in chocolate Quality Control compared with DHS‐GC‐MS
Authors: Waehrens Sandra S. , Zhang Shujuan , Hedelund Pia I. , Petersen Mikael A. , Byrne Derek V. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThis paper studied the fast sensory Rate‐All‐That‐Apply (RATA) method as a contributor to existing quality control (QC) in chocolate production by comparing it with the outcome of dynamic headspace sampling combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (DHS‐GC‐MS). Seven different chocolates were evaluated by a semi‐trained panel using RATA. RATA showed potential as a sensory evaluation tool which could be part of QC programmes in chocolate production as RATA was efficient to perform and captured important sensory deviations, herein addition of excess lecithin and prolonged roasting. However, product deviations caused by long conching were only detected by DHS‐GC‐MS. A more extreme conching process must occur before it can be perceived by humans. RATA and DHS‐GC‐MS should be used as complementary methods in detecting future important issues in chocolate production. DHS‐GC‐MS detects product deviation from chemical perspectives while sensory evaluation gives information on quality parameters from a perceivable perspective influencing consumer satisfaction.
A biased‐randomized metaheuristic for the capacitated location routing problem
Authors: Quintero‐Araujo Carlos L. , Caballero‐Villalobos Juan Pablo , Juan Angel A. , Montoya‐Torres Jairo R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe location routing problem (LRP) involves the three key decision levels in supply chain design, that is, strategic, tactical, and operational levels. It deals with the simultaneous decisions of (a) locating facilities (e.g., depots or warehouses), (b) assigning customers to facilities, and (c) defining routes of vehicles departing from and finishing at each facility to serve the associated customers’ demands. In this paper, a two‐phase metaheuristic procedure is proposed to deal with the capacitated version of the LRP (CLRP). Here, decisions must be made taking into account limited capacities of both facilities and vehicles. In the first phase (selection of promising solutions), we determine the depots to be opened, perform a fast allocation of customers to open depots, and generate a complete CLRP solution using a fast routing heuristic. This phase is executed several times in order to keep the most promising solutions. In the second phase (solution refinement), for each of the selected solutions we apply a perturbation procedure to the customer allocation followed by a more intensive routing heuristic. Computational experiments are carried out using well‐known instances from the literature. Results show that our approach is quite competitive since it offers average gaps below 0.4% with respect to the best‐known solutions (BKSs) for all tested sets in short computational times.
Capacity restoration in a decentralized assembly system with supply disruption risks
Authors: Li Guo , Li Lin , Zhou Ying , Guan Xu 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates an assembly system comprising one manufacturer and two suppliers who provide two complementary components independently. One unreliable supplier may encounter disruption during production, whereas both the manufacturer and the other reliable supplier can assist the disrupted supplier in capacity restoration. We specifically consider two different scenarios. In each scenario, the manufacturer or the reliable supplier ex ante decides whether to handle the disrupted supplier's capacity restoration cost alone and to what extent. We demonstrate that the cost‐sharing incentives of the manufacturer and reliable supplier vary significantly under different conditions. When the retail price is high, paying for the disrupted supplier's restoration cost can be favorable for the manufacturer. Otherwise, the manufacturer can benefit considerably when the reliable supplier shares the restoration cost. When the wholesale price is high, handling the restoration cost alone is more favorable for the reliable supplier than sharing this responsibility with the manufacturer.
Biogeography of Brazilian prosobranch gastropods and their Atlantic relationships
Authors: Barroso Cristiane Xerez , Lotufo Tito Monteiro da Cruz , Matthews‐Cascon Helena 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimThe present study uses marine prosobranchs from shallow waters (down to 200 m) as a model to determine biogeographical units along the Brazilian coast and to investigate changes in assemblages along the Western Atlantic.LocationWestern Atlantic Ocean.MethodsThe composition and species distribution of prosobranchs were determined using secondary data and information gathered from Brazilian scientific collections. The similarities among the areas were calculated using the Sørensen, Simpson and Ochiai Indices, and were illustrated using dendrograms constructed by unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages. Ordination analysis was performed using non‐metric multi‐dimensional scaling based on the similarity matrices.ResultsAs a result of the compilation performed, 700 marine prosobranch species distributed in 81 families from shallow waters were recorded in Brazil. The results show a clear correlation between geographic distance between areas and their faunal similarity. There is a gradual latitudinal variation in marine prosobranch assemblages along the Brazilian coastline. The coastal areas sustain richer gastropod assemblages than the oceanic islands.Main conclusionsConsidering the results of cluster and ordination analyses, this study proposes to divide the Brazilian coast into four regions: (1) Guyanese Province (Amapá state), (2) North‐eastern Brazil Area (from the mouth of the Amazon to southern Bahia, Brazil), (3) South‐eastern Brazil Area (from southern Bahia to Santa Catarina, Brazil, transition zone), and (4) Argentinian Province (Rio Grande do Sul state). The North‐eastern and South‐eastern Brazil Areas belong to the Brazilian Province. The Brazilian insular areas are biogeographical units distinct from the other regions studied. Each island has its own composition of marine prosobranchs from shallow waters, while they share species with other coastal and island environments.
Contrasting evidence of phylogenetic trophic niche conservatism in mammals worldwide
Authors: Olalla‐Tárraga Miguel Á. , González‐Suárez Manuela , Bernardo‐Madrid Rubén , Revilla Eloy , Villalobos Fabricio 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimPhylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC), a pattern of closely related species retaining ancestral niche‐related traits over evolutionary time, is well documented for abiotic (Grinellian) dimensions of the ecological niche. However, it remains unclear whether biotic niche (Eltonian) axes are also phylogenetically conserved, even though knowledge of biotic niches is essential to an understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of ecological communities. We conduct the first analysis of biotic PNC by evaluating dietary specialization in a vertebrate class.LocationGlobal.MethodsWe analysed two global compilations of diets of living mammals and a more detailed database for large carnivores together with a species‐level phylogeny to evaluate trophic PNC. We searched for evidence of PNC by estimating the phylogenetic signal in distinct descriptors of dietary niche.ResultsTrophic niches were generally similar among related species but not strongly conserved under a niche‐drift macroevolutionary model (Brownian motion). The degree of similarity in trophic niche varied among different taxonomic groups and was, importantly, even within the same group, contingent on the metric of dietary preferences used and the quality of information on the database.Main conclusionsOverall, our results showed limited support for PNC in the trophic niche of mammals. However, different data sources and metrics of dietary preferences sometimes offered different conclusions, highlighting the importance of gathering high‐quality quantitative data and considering multiple metrics to describe dietary niche breadth and to assess PNC. The fully quantitative database for large carnivores provided some interesting evidence of PNC that could not be detected with semi‐quantitative or presence/absence descriptors. Subsequent assessments of phylogenetic imprints on dietary specialization would benefit from considering different metrics and using well‐resolved phylogenies jointly with detailed quantitative diet information. While Eltonian trophic niches did not show the same high levels of evolutionary conservatism often displayed by Grinnellian niches, both niche components should be considered to understand range limits of species and clades at biogeographic scales.
Homebound Patient and Caregiver Perceptions of Quality of Care in Home‐Based Primary Care: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Shafir Adi , Garrigues Sarah K. , Schenker Yael , Leff Bruce , Neil Jessica , Ritchie Christine 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesTo assess patient and caregiver perceptions of what constitutes quality care in home‐based primary care (HBPC).DesignCross‐sectional qualitative design; semistructured interview study.SettingAcademic home‐based primary care program.ParticipantsHomebound patients (n = 13) and 10 caregivers (n = 10) receiving HBPC.MeasurementsSemistructured interviews explored experiences with a HBPC program and perceptions of quality care. Interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed. Qualitative content analysis was performed to identify major themes.ResultsFive major themes emerged related to participant perceptions of quality care: access, affordability, competency, care coordination, goal attainment. Participants felt that reliable, consistent access provided “peace of mind” and reduced hospital and emergency department use. Insurance coverage of program costs and coordinated care provided by an interdisciplinary team were positively regarded. Interpersonal skills and technical abilities of providers influenced patient perception of provider competency. Assessing and helping patients attain care goals contributed to a perception of quality care.ConclusionPatients and caregivers associate high‐quality HBPC with around‐the‐clock access to affordable interdisciplinary providers with strong interpersonal skills and technical competency. These results expand on prior research and are concordant with HBPC goals of around‐the‐clock access to multidisciplinary teams with the goals of reduced emergency department and hospital use. HBPC programs should be structured to optimize access, affordability, coordinated care, and goal ascertainment and alignment. Quality indicators should be created and validated with these patient and caregiver views of care quality in mind.
REASONS FOR DELISTING AND CONSEQUENCES: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND RESEARCH AGENDA
Authors: Martinez Isabelle , Serve Stéphanie 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper discusses the literature on delisting, drawing on USA and international evidence. Given the great heterogeneity in delisting operations, we first consider the standard existing typology based on the initiator of the delisting (the stock market authorities, or the firm itself). Second, while managers often cite high compliance costs (especially due to Sarbanes–Oxley Act implementation) as the official reason for the voluntary delisting of their firm, we highlight that firms face different trade‐offs in their delisting decision. We also examine the reasons for involuntary delisting, especially the delisting dilemma faced by stock market authorities when the firm violates the listing requirements. Next, we review the economic consequences of delisting in terms of value creation or value destruction for shareholders. Finally, noting gaps in the literature and other contrasting results, we propose suggestions for future research.
Pregnancy and associated events in women receiving enzyme replacement therapy for late‐onset glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe disease)
Authors: Rohman Philippa J. , Scott Elaine , Richfield Linda , Ramaswami Uma , Hughes Derralynn A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimGlycogen storage disease type II (GSD II or Pompe disease; OMIM; 232 300) is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficiency of α‐glucosidase and accumulation of glycogen in muscle. Clinical symptoms include weakness of skeletal and respiratory muscles and, in infants, cardiomyopathy. Patients with GSD II receive infusions of recombinant α‐glucosidase (enzyme replacement therapy; ERT), which slow the progression of the disease. ERT is given to male and female patients of all ages but as yet little is documented on the effects of continuing ERT during pregnancy. The aim of this case series was therefore to ascertain the pregnancy outcomes of women with GSD II on ERT and to describe adverse events associated with pregnancy, delivery and therapy.MethodsThe medical records of eight women attending the Royal Free Hospital Lysosomal Storage Disorders Unit were reviewed. Four of the eight women had seven pregnancies over a period of 8 years.ResultsIn this series GSD II was associated with interventional deliveries but normal neonates. Cessation of ERT in early pregnancy resulted in deterioration of maternal symptoms and emergence of allergic reactions on restarting ERT.ConclusionIndividualized care plans are required to ensure the best neonatal and maternal outcomes. Consideration should be given to the potential benefits to mother and fetus of continuing ERT during pregnancy.
Graphical Representation and Industrial Design Law Harmonisation
Authors: Kapyrina Natalia 
Published: July 2016

Elément essentiel de la demande menant à la délivrance du titre de propriété sur l'apparence d'un produit, l'étude de la représentation graphique permet de s'engager dans plusieurs pistes de réflexion pour avancer sur la question de l'harmonisation du régime international de protection de la forme des produits qui nous entourent. Sans chercher à combler le hiatus entre les dessins et modèles industriels et les œuvres des arts appliqués, nous explorons les mécanismes qui permettront à l'avenir d'alléger les disparités dans la pratique du droit des dessins et modèles, augmentant ainsi son attractivité.The graphical representation of a design is the central element of any registration procedure leading to an exclusive right to the appearance of a product. Acknowledging that, and concentrating specifically on this formal aspect, helps to advance the complex issue of international design protection harmonisation. Shifting from the search for somehow bridging the gap between industrial designs and works of applied art, we endeavour to explore the mechanisms that shall permit alleviating discrepancies in the practice of sui generis design protections, adding attractiveness to this IP title.
Lactulose reduces bacterial DNA translocation, which worsens neurocognitive shape in cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: Moratalla Alba , Ampuero Javier , Bellot Pablo , Gallego‐Durán Rocío , Zapater Pedro , Roger Manuela , Figueruela Blanca , Martínez‐Moreno Belén , González‐Navajas José M. , Such José , Romero‐Gómez Manuel , Francés Rubén 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackground & AimsMinimal hepatic encephalopathy is associated with poor prognosis and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. We aimed at investigating whether bacterial‐DNA translocation affects hyperammonaemia and neurocognitive scores in patients with mHE according to the use of lactulose.MethodsObservational study including 72 mHE cirrhotic patients, as defined by a psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES)<−4 and/or a critical flicker frequency (CFF)<39 Hz. Bacterial‐DNA, serum ammonia, pro‐inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide levels were evaluated. A second cohort of 40 lactulose‐untreated patients were evaluated before and 6–month after lactulose administration (30–60 mL/d).ResultsIn the first cohort, bacterial‐DNA rate was significantly higher in patients without lactulose (39% vs 23%, P=.03). Serum ammonia and inflammatory markers were significantly increased in patients with bacterial‐DNA, regardless the use of lactulose, and correlated with the amount of amplified bacterial‐DNA. Neurocognitive scores were significantly worse in bacterial‐DNA positive vs negative patients (PHES −7.6±1.1 vs −5.5±1.0; CFF 32.5±2.6 vs 36.2±2.8, P=.01). Lactulose was associated with improved neurocognitive scores in patients without bacterial‐DNA. Serum ammonia levels inversely correlated with neurocognitive scores in patients with bacterial‐DNA (PHES r=−.84; CFF r=−.72, P=.001). In the second cohort, lactulose reduced bacterial‐DNA translocation (36%–16%, P=.02). Neurocognitive scores were significantly improved in bacterial‐DNA positive patients who cleared bacterial‐DNA during the period on lactulose. Serum ammonia levels correlated with both neurocognitive scores in patients with bacterial‐DNA, either before or after lactulose.ConclusionBacterial‐DNA translocation worsens neurocognitive scores in mHE patients and it is reduced by lactulose, enhancing the relevance of controlling bacterial antigen translocation in these patients.