bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Charcoal and Wood from Czarnowko Site (Pomerania Region, Poland): 14C Dating Versus Relative Chronology Show Consistent Evidence of Wielbark Culture Presence
Authors: Benysek M , Michalska D , Fabisiak E , Stawikowski W 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article presents the results of interdisciplinary analysis of samples from the Czarnówko archaeological site in northern Poland, reporting the first radiocarbon dates for the site in comparison with its relative chronology. The site is of high importance because of its scale and opulence of artifacts. It was used for over 900 yr, from the 7th century BC up to the 3rd century AD, by populations of different cultures (the Lusatian, Pomeranian, Oksywie, and Wielbark). Samples of charcoal, wood, and textile were collected from different features, most of them from burials. Charcoal was taken from cremation pits, while wood was sampled from coffins in skeletal burials. Among samples collected during archaeological excavations in 2008 and 2010, 20 were chosen for 14C dating and macro- and microscopic observations. Images taken using a scanning electron microscope revealed the microstructure and preservation level of the specimens. An emphasis was also placed on geomorphological and geological research of the site area to gain information about the environmental conditions influencing the samples’ preservation state, e.g. pH, type, origin and permeability of sediment, and accumulation of organic matter. The obtained calibrated 14C ages are in agreement with the relative chronology based on the typology of artifacts and stratigraphic site reconstructions.
Rational Conjugacy of Torsion Units in Integral Group Rings of Non-Solvable Groups
Authors: Bächle Andreas , Margolis Leo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe introduce a new method to study rational conjugacy of torsion units in integral group rings using integral and modular representation theory. Employing this new method, we verify the first Zassenhaus conjecture for the group PSL(2, 19). We also prove the Zassenhaus conjecture for PSL(2, 23). In a second application we show that there are no normalized units of order 6 in the integral group rings of M10 and PGL(2, 9). This completes the proof of a theorem of Kimmerle and Konovalov that shows that the prime graph question has an affirmative answer for all groups having an order divisible by at most three different primes.
Making the Real: Rhetorical Adduction and the Bangladesh Liberation War
Authors: O'Mahoney Joseph 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDo normative arguments change what political actors do and if so, how? Rather than using the pure force of abstract moral reasoning, states often try to move the locus of contestation to an arena where they can make practical progress—the evidence or the empirical facts in support of their argument. This paper analyzes how states try to bolster their position first by constructing an argument in which an action represents part of their argument and then by performing that action to make the argument seem more convincing. I call this mechanism rhetorical adduction. The paper challenges theories of communication that deny a causal role to the content of normative arguments and diverges from a leading view on argumentation that arguments have their effects through persuasion. Integrating strategic argumentation theory with theory from psychology about how people make choices based on compelling reasons rather than cost-benefit analysis, I also use theory from sociology on how people resolve morally complex situations through the performance of “reality tests.” I illustrate the mechanism using a case from the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971 when initial resistance to recognizing the putative state of Bangladesh after India's invasion of East Pakistan was reversed as a result of an argument that Indian troop withdrawal meant that international norms were not violated.
Prenatal diagnosis of aortopulmonary window associated with aberrant subclavian artery
Authors: Louis-Jacques Adetola F. , Običan Sarah G. , Nguyen Thieu , Odibo Anthony 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAortopulmonary window is a rare cardiac developmental anomaly characterised by a communication between the ascending aorta and the pulmonary artery. Aortopulmonary window may be isolated or associated with cardiac defects such as ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, interrupted aortic arch, and tetralogy of Fallot. We report a case of aortopulmonary window associated with aberrant subclavian artery based on fetal two-dimensional echocardiogram. The mother was referred for fetal echocardiography because of multiple fetal anomalies. Prenatal echocardiography at 30 weeks of gestation revealed a defect between the main and right pulmonary arteries and the ascending aorta (type III). The patient was born at 38 weeks of gestation via caesarean delivery, and was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit because of respiratory failure and multiple congenital anomalies. Postnatal echocardiogram and cardiac MRI confirmed the prenatal findings. In addition, this patient had severe Dandy–Walker malformation and renal anomalies with poor prognosis. The family decided to withdraw respiratory care support on day of life 4, and the neonate passed away shortly after.
The Development of an Evacuation Protocol for Patients with Ventricular Assist Devices During a Disaster
Authors: Davis Katherine J , Suyama Joseph , Lingler Jennifer , Beach Michael 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionHealth care providers are on the forefront of delivering care and allocating resources during a disaster; however, very few are adequately trained to respond in these situations. Furthermore, there is a void in the literature regarding the specific care needs of patients with ventricular assist devices (VADs) in a disaster setting. This project aimed to develop an evidenced-based protocol to aid health care providers during the evacuation of patients with VADs during a disaster.MethodsThis is a qualitative study that used expert review, tabletop discussion, and a survey of health care professionals to develop and evaluate an evacuation protocol. The protocol was revised after each stage of review in order to reach a consensus document.ResultsThe project concluded with the finalization of a protocol which addresses evacuation and patient triage, and also includes an algorithm to determine which staff members should be evacuated with patients, transportation resources, evacuation documentation, and items patients need during evacuation. The protocol also addressed steps to be taken in the event that evacuation efforts fail and how to manage outpatient VAD patients seeking assistance.ConclusionsThis protocol provides guidance for the care of VAD patients in the event of a disaster and evacuation. Protocols such as this address difficult scenarios and should be created prior to a disaster to assist staff in making difficult decisions. These documents should be created using multi-disciplinary feedback via the consensus model as well as the Institute of Medicine (IOM; National Academy of Medicine; Washington, DC USA) “Crisis Standards of Care.”DavisKJ,SuyamaJ,LinglerJ,BeachM.The development of an evacuation protocol for patients with ventricular assist devices during a disaster.Prehosp Disaster Med.2017;32(3):333–338.
PI3K/AKT-mediated upregulation of WDR5 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by directly targeting ZNF407
Authors: Tan Xin , Chen Shuai , Wu Jiangxue , Lin Jiaxin , Pan Changchuan , Ying Xiaofang , Pan Zhizhong , Qiu Lin , Liu Ranyi , Geng Rong , Huang Wenlin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer deaths, and has a high rate of liver and lung metastasis. Unfortunately, distant metastasis is the main barrier for advanced CRC therapy and leads to a very low survival rate. In this study, we identified WDR5, a vital factor that regulates vertebrate development and cell self-renewal and reprogramming, as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for CRC patients. We demonstrate that WDR5 is upregulated in CRC tissues and promotes CRC metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. In an effort to investigate the impact of WDR5 on CRC cell fate, we treated CRC cells with growth factor and inhibitor. We report that WDR5 is a novel factor in the metastasis of CRC by triggering epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in response to the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, WDR5 shows a direct binding to the ZNF407 promoter on regulating cellular EMT process, leading to CRC metastasis. Hence, our findings strongly position WDR5 as a valuable marker for CRC, and inhibiting WDR5 or the associated signaling pathways may be an effective strategy for the future development of anti-CRC therapy.
Regulation of RhoA activity by the cellular prion protein
Authors: Kim Hee-Jun , Choi Hong-Seok , Park Jeong-Ho , Kim Mo-Jong , Lee Hyoung-gon , Petersen Robert Bob , Kim Yong-Sun , Park Jae-Bong , Choi Eun-Kyoung 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a highly conserved glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored membrane protein that is involved in the signal transduction during the initial phase of neurite outgrowth. The Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) is a small GTPase that is known to have an essential role in regulating the development, differentiation, survival, and death of neurons in the central nervous system. Although recent studies have shown the dysregulation of RhoA in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, the role of RhoA in prion pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the regulation of RhoA-mediated signaling by PrPC using both in vitro and in vivo models and found that overexpression of PrPC significantly induced RhoA inactivation and RhoA phosphorylation in hippocampal neuronal cells and in the brains of transgenic mice. Using siRNA-mediated depletion of endogenous PrPC and overexpression of disease-associated mutants of PrPC, we confirmed that PrPC induced RhoA inactivation, which accompanied RhoA phosphorylation but reduced the phosphorylation levels of LIM kinase (LIMK), leading to cofilin activation. In addition, PrPC colocalized with RhoA, and the overexpression of PrPC significantly increased neurite outgrowth in nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells through RhoA inactivation. However, the disease-associated mutants of PrPC decreased neurite outgrowth compared with wild-type PrPC. Moreover, inhibition of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) substantially facilitated neurite outgrowth in NGF-treated PC12 cells, similar to the effect induced by PrPC. Interestingly, we found that the induction of RhoA inactivation occurred through the interaction of PrPC with RhoA and that PrPC enhanced the interaction between RhoA and p190RhoGAP (a GTPase-activating protein). These findings suggest that the interactions of PrPC with RhoA and p190RhoGAP contribute to neurite outgrowth by controlling RhoA inactivation and RhoA-mediated signaling and that disease-associated mutations of PrPC impair RhoA inactivation, which in turn leads to prion-related neurodegeneration.
Combined toll-like receptor 3/7/9 deficiency on host cells results in T-cell-dependent control of tumour growth
Authors: Klein Johanna C. , Moses Katrin , Zelinskyy Gennadiy , Sody Simon , Buer Jan , Lang Stephan , Helfrich Iris , Dittmer Ulf , Kirschning Carsten J. , Brandau Sven 
Published: March 2017

AbstractToll-like receptors (TLRs) are located either on the cell surface or intracellularly in endosomes and their activation normally contributes to the induction of protective immune responses. However, in cancer their activation by endogenous ligands can modulate tumour progression. It is currently unknown how endosomal TLRs regulate endogenous anti-tumour immunity. Here we show that TLR3, 7 and 9 deficiencies on host cells, after initial tumour growth, result in complete tumour regression and induction of anti-tumour immunity. Tumour regression requires the combined absence of all three receptors, is dependent on both CD4 and CD8 T cells and protects the mice from subsequent tumour challenge. While tumours in control mice are infiltrated by higher numbers of regulatory T cells, tumour regression in TLR-deficient mice is paralleled by altered vascular structure and strongly induced influx of cytotoxic and cytokine-producing effector T cells. Thus, endosomal TLRs may represent a molecular link between the inflamed tumour cell phenotype, anti-tumour immunity and the regulation of T-cell activation.
Observation of gold sub-nanocluster nucleation within a crystalline protein cage
Authors: Maity Basudev , Abe Satoshi , Ueno Takafumi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractProtein scaffolds provide unique metal coordination environments that promote biomineralization processes. It is expected that protein scaffolds can be developed to prepare inorganic nanomaterials with important biomedical and material applications. Despite many promising applications, it remains challenging to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of formation of metal nanoparticles in protein environments. In the present work, we describe a crystalline protein cage constructed by crosslinking treatment of a single crystal of apo-ferritin for structural characterization of the formation of sub-nanocluster with reduction reaction. The crystal structure analysis shows the gradual movement of the Au ions towards the centre of the three-fold symmetric channels of the protein cage to form a sub-nanocluster with accompanying significant conformational changes of the amino-acid residues bound to Au ions during the process. These results contribute to our understanding of metal core formation as well as interactions of the metal core with the protein environment.
Electrolytic plasma processing-an innovative treatment for surface modification of 304 stainless steel
Authors: Gui Wanyuan , Lin Junpin , Hao Guojian , Qu Yuhai , Liang Yongfeng , Zhang Hui 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThere is widespread attention to surface profile and modification of 304 stainless steel for research development and application. Here, a successful electrolytic plasma processing (EPP) technique has been developed for both surface pretreatment and coating deposition of 304 stainless steel. Representative images confirm that the number of the pits increases and the ravines gradually disappear on the steel pretreated by EPP with the increase of processing time and applied voltage. Moreover, there is an obvious enhancement in surface roughness of 304 stainless steel after EPP pretreatment. In the case of coating deposition, the further EPP modification conducted on the pretreated sample offers a simple and effective technique for the production of zinc coatings having the features of full coverage and homogeneous distribution. The results show that a zinc coating with a thickness of approximately 0.5 μm can be obtained on the 304 stainless steel by means of EPP for only 60 s.
Altered glutamatergic tone reveals two distinct resting state networks at the cellular level in hippocampal sclerosis
Authors: Banerjee Jyotirmoy , BanerjeeDixit Aparna , Srivastava Arpna , Ramanujam Bhargavi , Kakkar Aanchal , Sarkar Chitra , Tripathi Manjari , Chandra P. Sarat 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHippocampal sclerosis (HS), the most common subset of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), is associated with large-scale network abnormalities, even under resting state. We studied the excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) recorded from pyramidal neurons in resected samples under resting conditions from the hippocampal and anterior temporal lobe (ATL) obtained from patients with HS (n = 14) undergoing resective surgery. We observed higher frequency and amplitude of spontaneous EPSCs in both the samples compared to non-seizure control samples. Application of tetrodotoxin (TTX) reduced the frequency of spontaneous EPSCs by 49.6 ± 4.3% and 61.8 ± 6.2% in the hippocampal and ATL samples, respectively. The magnitude of reduction caused by TTX with respect to non-seizure controls was significantly higher in the ATL samples than in the hippocampal samples. The magnitude of the change in the expression of the NR2A subunit of the NMDA receptors also varied in these two regions. Thus, the mechanism of hyperexcitabilty mediated by glutamatergic network reorganization in the hippocampal region is different from that in the ATL region of patients with HS, suggesting two independent resting-state networks at the cellular level. Taken together, these findings will improve the understanding of the broadly distributed resting-state networks in HS.
Hierarchical Porous Interlocked Polymeric Microcapsules: Sulfonic Acid Functionalization as Acid Catalysts
Authors: Wang Xiaomei , Gu Jinyan , Tian Lei , Zhang Xu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOwing to their unique structural and surface properties, mesoporous microspheres are widely applied in the catalytic field. Generally, increasing the surface area of the specific active phase of the catalyst is a good method, which can achieve a higher catalytic activity through the fabrication of the corresponding catalytic microspheres with the smaller size and hollow structure. However, one of the major challenges in the use of hollow microspheres (microcapsules) as catalysts is their chemical and structural stability. Herein, the grape-like hypercrosslinked polystyrene hierarchical porous interlocked microcapsule (HPIM-HCL-PS) is fabricated by SiO2 colloidal crystals templates, whose structure is the combination of open mouthed structure, mesoporous nanostructure and interlocked architecture. Numerous microcapsules assembling together and forming the roughly grape-like microcapsule aggregates can enhance the structural stability and recyclability of these microcapsules. After undergoing the sulfonation, the sulfonated HPIM-HCL-PS is served as recyclable acid catalyst for condensation reaction between benzaldehyde and ethylene glycol (TOF = 793 h−1), moreover, exhibits superior activity, selectivity and recyclability.
Practical whole-tooth restoration utilizing autologous bioengineered tooth germ transplantation in a postnatal canine model
Authors: Ono Mitsuaki , Oshima Masamitsu , Ogawa Miho , Sonoyama Wataru , Hara Emilio Satoshi , Oida Yasutaka , Shinkawa Shigehiko , Nakajima Ryu , Mine Atsushi , Hayano Satoru , Fukumoto Satoshi , Kasugai Shohei , Yamaguchi Akira , Tsuji Takashi , Kuboki Takuo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhole-organ regeneration has great potential for the replacement of dysfunctional organs through the reconstruction of a fully functional bioengineered organ using three-dimensional cell manipulation in vitro. Recently, many basic studies of whole-tooth replacement using three-dimensional cell manipulation have been conducted in a mouse model. Further evidence of the practical application to human medicine is required to demonstrate tooth restoration by reconstructing bioengineered tooth germ using a postnatal large-animal model. Herein, we demonstrate functional tooth restoration through the autologous transplantation of bioengineered tooth germ in a postnatal canine model. The bioengineered tooth, which was reconstructed using permanent tooth germ cells, erupted into the jawbone after autologous transplantation and achieved physiological function equivalent to that of a natural tooth. This study represents a substantial advancement in whole-organ replacement therapy through the transplantation of bioengineered organ germ as a practical model for future clinical regenerative medicine.
S-nitrosylation of UCHL1 induces its structural instability and promotes α-synuclein aggregation
Authors: Kumar Roshan , Jangir Deepak K. , Verma Garima , Shekhar Shashi , Hanpude Pranita , Kumar Sanjay , Kumari Raniki , Singh Nirpendra , Sarovar Bhavesh Neel , Ranjan Jana Nihar , Kanti Maiti Tushar 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUbiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase-1 (UCHL1) is a deubiquitinating enzyme, which plays a key role in Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is one of the most important proteins, which constitute Lewy body in PD patient. However, how this well folded highly soluble protein presents in this proteinaceous aggregate is still unclear. We report here that UCHL1 undergoes S-nitrosylation in vitro and rotenone induced PD mouse model. The preferential nitrosylation in the Cys 90, Cys 152 and Cys 220 has been observed which alters the catalytic activity and structural stability. We show here that nitrosylation induces structural instability and produces amorphous aggregate, which provides a nucleation to the native α-synuclein for faster aggregation. Our findings provide a new link between UCHL1-nitrosylation and PD pathology.
Role of purinergic signaling in experimental pneumococcal meningitis
Authors: Zierhut Marco , Dyckhoff Susanne , Masouris Ilias , Klein Matthias , Hammerschmidt Sven , Pfister Hans-Walter , Ayata Korcan , Idzko Marco , Koedel Uwe 
Published: March 2017

AbstractExcessive neutrophilic inflammation contributes to brain pathology and adverse outcome in pneumococcal meningitis (PM). Recently, we identified the NLRP3 inflammasome/interleukin (IL)-1β pathway as a key driver of inflammation in PM. A critical membrane receptor for NLRP3 inflammasome activation is the ATP-activated P2 purinoceptor (P2R) P2X7. Thus, we hypothesized involvement of ATP and P2Rs in PM. The functional role of ATP was investigated in a mouse meningitis model using P2R antagonists. Brain expression of P2Rs was assessed by RT-PCR. ATP levels were determined in murine CSF and cell culture experiments. Treatment with the P2R antagonists suramin or brilliant blue G did not have any impact on disease course. This lack of effect might be attributed to meningitis-associated down-regulation of brain P2R expression and/or a drop of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ATP, as demonstrated by RT-PCR and ATP analyses. Supplemental cell culture experiments suggest that the reduction in CSF ATP is, at least partly, due to ATP hydrolysis by ectonucleotidases of neutrophils and macrophages. In conclusion, this study suggests that ATP-P2R signaling is only of minor or even no significance in PM. This may be explained by down-regulation of P2R expression and decreased CSF ATP levels.
Application of conventional molecular dynamics simulation in evaluating the stability of apomyoglobin in urea solution
Authors: Zhang Dawei , Lazim Raudah 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this study, we had exploited the advancement in computer technology to determine the stability of four apomyoglobin variants namely wild type, E109A, E109G and G65A/G73A by conducting conventional molecular dynamics simulations in explicit urea solution. Variations in RMSD, native contacts and solvent accessible surface area of the apomyoglobin variants during the simulation were calculated to probe the effect of mutation on the overall conformation of the protein. Subsequently, the mechanism leading to the destabilization of the apoMb variants was studied through the calculation of correlation matrix, principal component analyses, hydrogen bond analyses and RMSF. The results obtained here correlate well with the study conducted by Baldwin and Luo which showed improved stability of apomyoglobin with E109A mutation and contrariwise for E109G and G65A/G73A mutation. These positive observations showcase the feasibility of exploiting MD simulation in determining protein stability prior to protein expression.