bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of nasal provocation with a single-dose allergen on the physical and cognitive performance of patients with ragweed allergy
Authors: Tokodi M , Csábi E , Kiricsi Á , Kollár E , Molnár AH , Rovó L , Bella Z 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
This study aims to compare the impact of active allergic rhinitis on physical and cognitive abilities of trained allergic athletes to untrained allergic patients.

Methods
Cognitive, respiratory, and fitness functions were assessed before and after allergen exposure. Participants in both groups were provoked intranasally with ragweed allergen.

Results
The group of athletes revealed significantly higher average values in peak inspiratory flow and fitness index before and after provocation. In neuropsychological assessments, athletes performed significantly better after allergen provocation in complex working memory capacity. Due to single acute allergen exposure, the size of the nasal cavity and nasal inspiratory peak flow significantly decreased in both groups. The physical performance of both groups did not change after provocation. Executive functions and complex working memory capacity of athletes significantly improved resulting from provocation.

Conclusions
A single-shot allergen in high dose might cause an increase in mental concentration, which was more pronounced in the group of athletes. This study indicates that acute exposure to allergen cannot affect the physical performance and may result in increased mental focus in patients with allergy notwithstanding the declining respiratory functions.
Environmental enrichment improved cognitive deficits more in peri-adolescent than in adult rats after postnatal monosodium glutamate treatment
Authors: Madhavadas S , Subramanian S , Kutty BM 
Published: December 2017

Exposure to enriched environment (EE) is known to promote sensory, cognitive, and motor stimulation with intensified levels of novelty and complexity. In this study, we investigated the positive regulatory effect of short-term exposure to EE on establishing functional recovery in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obese rats. Unless treated, MSG rats exhibited peripheral insulin resistance, cognitive deficits, and a reduction in the total hippocampal volume with decreased neuron count in the DG, CA3, and CA1 subfields. These MSG rats were exposed to short-term EE for 15 days for a period of 6 h/day, beginning either at 45 or at 75 days of age. EE exposure has improved insulin sensitivity, yielded a significant increase in total hippocampal volume along with increase in neuron number in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus in both age groups. However, as assessed by radial arm maze task, which relies upon the positive reinforcement to test spatial memory, and the Barnes maze task, which utilizes an aversive learning strategy, a complete recovery of cognitive function could be achieved in 2-month-old rats only and not among 3-month-old rats, thus highlighting the importance of critical window period for EE interventions in restoring the memory functions. These results suggest the therapeutic potential of EE paradigm in prevention of cognitive disorders.
«Отелло» Сергея Юткевича в контексте мировой киношекспирианы
Authors: Гайдин Борис Николаевич 
Published: December 2017

<p>Статья посвящена первой цветной экранизации «Отелло» У. Шекспира в мире — одноименного фильма режиссера С. И. Юткевича (1955). Автор предлагает свою версию того, почему работа советского режиссера не так часто попадает в поле исследований западных шекспироведов и киноведов в отличие от «Гамлета» и «Короля Лира» Г. М. Козинцева.</p><p>Статья подготовлена на основе доклада автора на круглом столе «Шекспир на советском экране» в рамках IX конференции Европейской шекспировской исследовательской ассоциации «Шекспир и европейские театральные культуры: (ан)атомизация текста и сцены» (Shakespeare and European Theatrical Cultures: AnAtomizing Text and Stage; 27–30 июля 2017 г., Гданьск, Польша).</p>
Столыпинское дежавю генерала Врангеля
Authors: Алешкин Петр Федорович , Васильев Юрий Альбертович 
Published: December 2017

<p>В статье указывается, что последний Верховный правитель белого движения генерал П. Н. Врангель подвергал резкой критике просчеты А.В. Колчака и А.И. Деникина в отношении аграрной реформы. Врангель предпринял попытку решительного поворота в решении земельного вопроса с целью привлечения на свою сторону крестьянства, преимущественно средних и зажиточных слоев.</p><p>Программа Врангеля, походившая на столыпинскую, была направлена на преодоление отжившего помещичьего землевладения и создание условий для развития капиталистических отношений в деревне. Утверждается, что одновременно земельная реформа Врангеля являлась симбиозом столыпинской реформы и преобразований Александра II. </p>
Challenge and management outcome of panfacial fractures in Sohag University hospital, Egypt
Authors: Abdelrahman Tarek Elsayed Ftohy , Abdelmaaboud Ahmed , Hamody Ahmed 
Published: December 2017

Background: panfacial fractures resembles a therapeutic challenge to maxillofacial surgeons This study was carried out to determine the etiology, injury characteristics and management outcome of pan facial fractures at Sohag university hospital.Methods: A retrospective hospital based study of panfacial fractures patients was carried out at Sohag university hospital from January 2010 to December 2016. Data was collected and analyzed using SPPS.Results: 200 Panfacial Trauma Patients were analysed. Males to females by a ratio of 24:1. Their ages ranged from 13 to 63 years with a mean of 30±12 years Most injuries were due to road traffic accidents (78%), and by falling from height in 12%. Mandibular fractures were the most common type of injuries. Open reduction and internal fixation by using plates and screws was the commonest surgical technique, used in 97.8% of cases. The most common complications were limited mouth opening, malocclusion. The mean duration of hospital stay was 11.13±2.23 days.Conclusions: Road traffic accident (RTC) was the most common cause of panfacial injuries in our locality and the young adult males were the most commonly affected victims. The majority of maxillofacial fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation.
Clinical study of surgical jaundice: an institutional experience
Authors: Padhy Biren , Murmu Dasarathi , Samal Debasish , Jha Sonal 
Published: December 2017

Background: Patients with surgical jaundice need quick and precise diagnosis for the presence of an obstruction in the biliary tract, to establish the level and nature of the lesion. The importance of history and clinical examination in arriving at a correct pre-operative diagnosis needs to be emphasized. Present study attempts to determine the various causes, age and sex pattern in extra hepatic obstructive jaundice.Methods: 100 patients with surgical jaundice were studied at IMS and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India during the period from September 2015 to September 2017 who were diagnosed by investigation like ultrasonography and liver function test.Results: 76% of patients were between the age group of 50-80 years, there was a slight male predominance in 53.33%, malignant cause for surgical jaundice constituted in 66.67% with carcinoma head of pancreas the commonest cause in 33.33%, benign cause for surgical jaundice constituted in 33.33%, with choledocholithiasis the commonest cause in 23.33%.Conclusions: Most common age group seen in surgical jaundice was between 50-80 years. The sex ratio is near equalizing. Most common cause of surgical jaundice was carcinoma head of pancreas and choledocholithiasis.
Benign liver tumors in children-single centre experience
Authors: Gontumukkala Chalapathi , Teja Ravi , G. Rajeev Kumar , J. Veera Swamy 
Published: December 2017

Background: To assess the incidence and management of benign liver tumors.Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients who were admitted with benign liver tumors in a Medical College Hospital in southern part of India during the period of 2006 to 2016 were analyzed.Results: We have treated a total of 10 cases of benign liver tumors during the period of 2006 to 2016. The mean age of presentation was 2.1 year. Seven of the ten cases were haemangiomas, two babies had mesenchymal hamartomas, one had focal nodular hyperplasia. Of the seven babies with haemangiomas, four had focal, two had diffuse involvement of liver, one baby had giant haemangioma. Three of the 4 babies with focal haemangiomas regressed during follow up, one baby lost follow up. One of the two babies with diffuse haemangioma developed high output cardiac failure but responded to digoxin, diuretics and steroids and now under follow up. The new born baby with giant haemangioma involving left lobe of liver also had high output heart failure which was refractory to medical therapy and required left lobectomy. Two babies had large mesenchymal hamartomas involving right lobe required surgical resection. One patient with focal nodular hyperplasia was managed conservatively. Mean follow up was 36 months. There were no deaths.Conclusions: Benign liver tumors are rare, most of them are haemangiomas. Only few of them require surgery. Large mesenchymal hamartomas can be promptly treated by resection with minimal mortality.
Hospital based study to evaluate subclinical hypothyroidism in post-menopausal women
Authors: V. Shruthi Kamal , S. Rajesh , S. Reshma 
Published: December 2017

Background: Very few studies have assessed prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in postmenopausal women. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in postmenopausal women.Methods: Hospital based cross - sectional study carried out at Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, during the period of August 2016 to October 2016. Seventy-five women in General Surgery ward/OPD were included in the study. Subjects included in the study were postmenopausal age group between 45 to 85 years, provided they fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. History was noted, serum Thyroid function test was done. Results were noted and analyzed.Results: Out of 75 subjects, 21.3% of postmenopausal women were having subclinical hypothyroidism.Conclusions: Prevalence of Subclinical hypothyroidism is high among postmenopausal women, which leads to overt hypothyroidism. Therefore, routine screening and treatment of this condition is must among postmenopausal women to prevent complications of subclinical hypothyroidism.
Role of staple line fixation during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Elbalshy Mohammed A. , Fayed Asem M. , Abdelshahid Moharm A. , Alkhateep Yahia M. 
Published: December 2017

Background: Although sleeve gastrectomy provides a technically simple procedure with minimal effect on digestive tract it deprives the stomach of its ligaments of fixation which results in impairment of gastric functions, vomiting, axial gastric rotation in addition to bleeding or leakage from the stable line. Objective of present study is the effect of stable line fixation during sleeve gastrectomy.Methods: This is a prospective randomized study using closed envelop method carried on 100 patients with morbid obesity who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) they were divided into two groups each is 50 patient group A underwent classic (LSG) with no fixation and group (B) with staple line fixation.Results: Patients were 68 females and 32 males with a mean age of 32.2±5.7 years, mean (BMI) 48.9±8.6kg/m2. postoperative vomiting, gastric axial rotation, impaired gastric emptying all were significantly higher in group A. Although both staple line bleeding and leakage were higher in the group A, but it was not statistically significant. Also, the operative time was shorter in the group A, but it was not significant.Conclusions: staple line fixation should be a step during sleeve gastrectomy as it regains the stomach its ligaments of fixation anatomically and so functions better less vomiting, less gastric axial rotation, better gastric emptying in addition to decreasing staple line bleeding and leakage with minimal effect on operative time.
Acute intestinal obstruction: small intestine vs. large intestine: an analysis
Authors: Sharma Latika , Srivastava Harshit , Pipal Dharmendra Kumar , Kothari Saurabh , Dhawan Rohit , Purohit Poojan M. 
Published: December 2017

Background: Bowel obstruction is one of the most common causes of acute abdomen and also a common surgical emergency.The causes of IO vary significantly depending on geographical location. The aim of this study was to identify the etiology, clinical presentation, management and outcomes of patients with acute mechanical IO presenting in Jodhpur, Rajasthan.Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Mahatma Gandhi Hospital and Mathura Das Mathur Hospital (associated with Dr. SN Medical College), Jodhpur, Rajasthan. 100 patients with acute intestinal obstruction were admitted and evaluated. Blood routine, X-Ray abdomen, USG abdomen and CECT (if required) were done. A pre-operative diagnosis was made. Intra-operative findings and Post-operative complications were noted and follow up was done till the patient was discharged from the hospital.Results: A total of 69 male and 31 female patients, presented with acute mechanical IO during the period of the study. Mean patient age was 48.5 years with peak incidence in those aged 31-45 years. The foremost signs and symptoms were abdominal distension (88%), obstipation (87%), abdominal pain (81%) and nausea/ vomiting (47%). Adhesions and bands (29%), hernia (13%), neoplasm (9%) and pseudo-obstruction (8%) were the leading causes of intestinal obstruction. The sensitivity of X-ray and USG in present study was 67% and 75% respectively. Most common complication associated was wound infection (17%) followed by paralytic ileus (7%) and respiratory tract infections (6%). Late presentation was associated with poor prognosis. 4 patients expired before surgery. Post-operative mortality was associated with 6 patients and was more common in cases which presented with gangrenous bowel.Conclusions: The most common causes of IO in this study were adhesions and bands, hernia, neoplasm and pseudo-obstruction. Presence of bowel gangrene was associated with higher morbidity and mortality.
A comparative study of three-dimensional mesh (3D mesh) and polypropylene mesh in laparoscopic inguinal hernia repairs in adults
Authors: Rashid Tajamul , Reshi Farooq Ahmad , Mir Iqbal Saleem , Bhat Suhail Nazir , Nazir Irfan , Viqar Sheikh , Hajini Mudasir Farooq , Akbar Aftab 
Published: December 2017

Background: Polypropylene mesh gives risk of recurrence, owing to overall decrease in the size of mesh and increased subjective foreign body feeling from contracture and scarring. An anatomically contoured 3D mesh for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair often requires no fixation, with minimal risk of postoperative pain and recurrence rate.Methods: This was a prospective comparative study conducted over a period of 2.5 years. The study enrolled 60 patients, 30 patients in each group. The end points of the study were mesh fixation time, post-operative pain, seroma formation, hospital stay, chronic groin pain, sensory impairment, and cost and affordability. Follow up period was 18 months.Results: The mesh fixation time was less in 3D mesh, 10.6±4.31 minutes (p value- 0.0002). The incidence of severe immediate postoperative pain was higher in polypropylene mesh 10% (p value of 0.612). The postoperative seroma was less in 3D mesh, 3.3% (p value of 1.00). The mean hospital stay was shorter in 3D, 1.7±0.69 days (p value–0.005). Postoperative sensory impairment was more in polypropylene mesh, 6.6% (p value-1.00). The incidence of chronic groin pain was less in 3D (p value- 0.612). We found a higher recurrence rate at 18 months in both groups (p-value-1.00).Conclusions: The use of three-dimensional mesh for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair is a safe and viable option. It offers many advantages in terms of less fixation time, shorter hospital stays, decreased chronic groin pain and morbidity. Elimination of tacks and shorter hospital stay may reduce the cost of 3D mesh.
Comparative evaluation of sublay versus onlay meshplasty in incisional and ventral hernias
Authors: Dhaigude B. D. , Sugunan Aneesh , Pancbhai S. V. , Francis Merry , Patel Keyur , Metta Vipul 
Published: December 2017

Background: Hernia derived from the Latin word, is a protrusion of a viscus or part of a viscus through an abnormal opening in the walls of its containing cavity. Objectives of present study were to evaluate sublay Vs onlay meshplasty in incisional and ventral hernia and to compare and determine duration of operation and hospital stay, post-operative complications and recurrences.Methods: The study was conducted at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, DPU University, for a period of 2 years (from July 2015 - September 2017) and is a prospective and comparative randomized type of study using 100 cases (Group A Onlay and Group B Sublay - 50 each). The study was approved by the Institute’s Ethics Committee.Results: 100 patients were operated in our study. In group B, the mean operative time [70.72±18.56], and in group A mean operative time (50.96±12.61). The duration of hospital stay was an of average 7.62±1.78 days in group B, and an average hospital stay of 8.84±1.89 in group A. Suture site infection was18%. group A (26%) and group B (12%). Seroma was seen in 5 patients, group A (8 %) and in group B (2%). Flap necrosis was 8% in group A and in 6% in group B. 10 patients had wound dehiscence, group A (14%) and group B (6%). 4 patients were reported with mesh infection (6%) in group A and (2%) in group B. Recurrence was 1% group A.Conclusions: Sublay meshplasty is good alternative to onlay meshplasty that may be applicable to all forms of ventral and incisional hernias. The mesh related complication rate and recurrence was found to be minimal.
A clinical study of free T3 in breast cancer and benign breast tumours
Authors: A.C. Senthil Kumar , S. Reshma 
Published: December 2017

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of Free T3 in women with breast cancer or benign breast tumours, and to analyse a possible relationship between FT3 and these two groups of breast diseases with emphasis to laboratory findings.Methods: Free T3 levels of 87 women hospitalized were prospectively analyzed, using an Post hoc Tukey HSD for normally distributed continuous data, chi-square test for comparison.Results:There was no significant association of Free T3 levels in breast cancer and benign breast tumours.Conclusions: The association between free T3 and breast tumors was evaluated in this study. Free T3 values were not statistically significant in patients with breast cancer and benign breast tumors depicting there is no association of Free T3 and risk of breast carcinoma. However, these data must be confirmed in large patient cohorts and long duration follow-up.
Laparoscopic gastric plication: towards standardization
Authors: Monem Ibrahim Ahmed Abdel , Elgeidie Ahmed , Gadelhak Nabil 
Published: December 2017

Background: Laparoscopic gastric plication (LGP) is a restrictive bariatric procedure which was found to be safe, effective and economic as well. However, it hasn't a good reputation among some bariatric surgeons due to some reasons; the most important of them is lack of standardization. Objective of the present stud was to study propose a standardized technique for LGP aiming at a better outcome. Setting. Settings: University-affiliated hospital.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent LGP by the proposed technique., using seromuscular bites with non-absorbable thread, adoption of the four-bite technique, and calibration using bougie.Results: Eighty-eight consecutive morbidly obese patients had been operated by the proposed standardized technique of LGP between March 2010 and September 2014. There were 19 men and 69 women, with a mean age of 30.3 years and a mean BMI of 36.7kg/m2 (range 32-51kg/m2). The most frequently reported complication was prolonged early postoperative nausea/vomiting occurred in 5 of 88 (5.7%) patients. Weight regain was reported in one patient who was treated with conversion of LGP to laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass. Hospital stay was prolonged for a mean of 6.0 (3 -10 days). Postoperative follow-up period ranged from 2 to 38 months with a mean of 15 months. Percentage of excess weight loss was 38.2%, 52.0%, and 63.1% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively.Conclusions: The proposed technique of LGP would help in standardization of the procedure in order to improve the outcome; however, the clinical application of this proposed standardized technique should be tested by future studies.
Efficacy of intralesional bleomycin in treatment of lymphangiomas in children: an observational study
Authors: Ainippully Arun M. , P. Ranjit , V. Arun Preeth , S. Prathap 
Published: December 2017

Background: Lymphangioma, a benign slow growing tumor of lymphatic vessels, common to the pediatric age group usually presents as swelling with cosmetic deformity. Commonly affecting the head and neck region it may present with compressive symptoms like airway obstruction or dysphagia. Previously surgical excision was the treatment of choice but it involves significant risks and so sclerotherapy has gained popularity. We conducted this prospective observational study to hava a quantitative analysis of the effect of intralesional bleomycin in reducing the size of lymphangiomas in children in our setup.Methods: This observational study was conducted in the paediatric surgery department between 2014 and 2016. A total of 34 children who presented with swellings which were diagnosed to be lymphangiomas based on clinical and sonological basis were included in the study and underwent intralesional bleomycin sclerotherapy. Details like dimensions of the lesion before and after the treatment, ultrasound measurement, residual size, characteristic of the cyst like presence or absence of septation, micro or macrocytic were recorded along with demographic details like age and sex. Outcome after 4 weeks was evaluated and classified into 3 groups as in excellent response, good response or poor response. Statistical analysis was done using R statistical software.Results: Of the 34 patients 59% were males. The median age was 18 months with inter-quartile range 4-36 months. 88% of patients had macrocystic lesions. 4 weeks after bleomycin sclerotherapy excellent response was seen in 23 (68%) of the patients, good in 8 (26%) and poor in 3 (9%) of the patients. There was statistically significant association between post procedure swelling, type of cysts and presence of septations and the number of sittings required to the outcome (p value <0.05).Conclusions: Present study shows that intralesional bleomycin sclerotherapy is very effective in the treatment of lymphangiomas in children, with macrocystic lesions showing a significantly better response.