bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diseño de un sistema bioadhesivo de clorhexidina empleando pullulan como matriz para uso en mucosa oral
Authors: Castro Ruiz Jean M. , Vallejo Díaz Bibiana M. , , Barbosa Barbosa Helber J. 
Published: June 2016

<p>Se desarrollaron sistemas poliméricos bioadhesivos del tipo película polimérica y comprimido empleando el biopolímero pullulan, para el transporte de digluconato de clorhexidina, el cual es un principio activo utilizado como alternativa terapéutica<br />en el tratamiento de la gingivitis y de la enfermedad periodontal. Inicialmente, se evaluó la capacidad del polímero para formar películas y tabletas, luego, fueron propuestas formulaciones de cada uno de los sistemas. A las películas y comprimidos obtenidos se les determinaron propiedades mecánicas y de transporte, actividad antiséptica, caracterización de las microestructuras obtenidas, además, se comprobó la liberación del fármaco desde los sistemas estudiados. Con las formulaciones seleccionadas se determinó su capacidad mucoadhesiva in vitro, empleando como sustrato mucosa oral porcina.</p>
Platelet‐Rich Fibrin Combined With 1.2% Atorvastatin for Treatment of Intrabony Defects in Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Martande Santosh S. , Kumari Minal , Pradeep A.R. , Singh Sonender Pal , Suke Deepak Kumar , Guruprasad C.N. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF), a second‐generation platelet concentrate, and atorvastatin (ATV), a potent member of the statin group, are known to promote tissue regeneration. The current study is designed to evaluate combined efficacy of PRF and 1.2% ATV gel with open flap debridement (OFD) in treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP).Methods: Ninety‐six individuals with single defects were categorized into three groups: 1) OFD with PRF; 2) OFD with PRF + 1.2% ATV; and 3) OFD alone. Clinical parameters: 1) site‐specific plaque index; 2) modified sulcus bleeding index; 3) probing depth (PD); 4) relative clinical attachment level (rCAL); and 5) gingival marginal level were recorded at baseline before surgery and 9 months postoperatively. Percentage radiographic IBD depth reduction was evaluated at baseline and 9 months.Results: PRF + 1.2% ATV and PRF alone showed significantly greater PD reduction and rCAL gain compared with OFD alone at 9 months. Furthermore, PRF + 1.2% ATV showed a similar percentage radiographic defect depth reduction (50.96% ± 4.88%) compared with PRF alone (47.91% ± 4.79%), and a greater reduction compared with OFD alone (5.54% ± 1.71%) at 9 months.Conclusions: PRF + 1.2% ATV showed similar improvements in clinical parameters with a greater percentage radiographic defect depth reduction compared with PRF alone in treatment of IBDs in individuals with CP. Thus, 1.2% ATV failed to augment the regenerative potential of PRF alone in periodontal IBDs.
Periodontal Disease and Incident Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Zeng Xian‐Tao , Xia Ling‐Yun , Zhang Yong‐Gang , Li Sheng , Leng Wei‐Dong , Kwong Joey S.W. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Periodontal disease is linked to a number of systemic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Recent evidence has suggested periodontal disease might be associated with lung cancer. However, their precise relationship is yet to be explored. Hence, this study aims to investigate the association of periodontal disease and risk of incident lung cancer using a meta‐analytic approach.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect were searched up to June 10, 2015. Cohort and nested case‐control studies investigating risk of lung cancer in patients with periodontal disease were included. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated, as were their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a fixed‐effect inverse‐variance model. Statistical heterogeneity was explored using the Q test as well as the I2 statistic. Publication bias was assessed by visual inspection of funnel plots symmetry and Egger’s test.Results: Five cohort studies were included, involving 321,420 participants in this meta‐analysis. Summary estimates based on adjusted data showed that periodontal disease was associated with a significant risk of lung cancer (HR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.36; I2 = 30%). No publication bias was detected. Subgroup analysis indicated that the association of periodontal disease and lung cancer remained significant in the female population.Conclusion: Evidence from cohort studies suggests that patients with periodontal disease are at increased risk of developing lung cancer.
A Critical Analysis of the Relationship Between Statistical- and Fractal-Fracture-Network Characteristics and Effective Fracture-Network Permeability
Authors: Shokri Alireza Rangriz , Babadagli Tayfun , Jafari Alireza 
Published: June 2016

Summary
Estimation of effective fracture-network permeability (EFNP) is an essential part of modeling transport processes in naturally fractured reservoirs. A practical way of doing this is to use correlations that consider the statistical and physical characteristics of the networks. Thus, selection of the proper parameters to be characterized and/or measured that are highly correlative to the network permeability is critical. In this study, we analyzed fractal-based correlations previously developed by Jafari and Babadagli (2011a, 2011b) to clarify the physical relationship among network properties and the correlation parameters. It was shown that the connectivity index is a more-powerful parameter to rely on in permeability estimation, especially at percolation ranges far from the threshold.
Also, it was of high interest to inspect the effect of physical parameters of a fracture network on different fractal dimensions as well as their positive/negative correlation with permeability to make a distinction between the mathematical and physical contributions of variables. We explained the earlier observation of Jafari and Babadagli (2009) regarding the method to determine fractal dimensions and their observed differences, which were found to be related to the computational scheme. That is why the box-counting fractal dimension gives the highest correlation compared with other fractal dimensions, especially the sandbox fractal dimension. The conditions of a strong correlation among different fractal dimensions and the scale-dependency of correlations in natural and synthetic patterns were also addressed.
Otra mirada a la escuela: transformación necesaria para el siglo XXI
Authors: Mejía Builes Bibiana María , Muñoz Arango Claudia Patricia , Moreno Carmona Norman Darío 
Published: June 2016

En este artículo se hace una revisión de la producción científica de investigaciones realizadas en Latinoamérica y Europa durante los últimos diez años, en torno a las percepciones y lecturas que se han construido de la escuela y del cumplimiento de sus funciones en el marco académico y en los procesos de socialización, reconociendo sus falencias, pero haciendo énfasis en las posibilidades que ofrece el entorno educativo tal y como está planteado, para la formación integral de niños y adolescentes. Se hace un análisis de las posibilidades de la escuela para responder a las transformaciones de la familia como institución social, teniendo en cuenta cómo esta influye en sus acciones y en las expectativas que se ponen en la tarea educativa. Por último, se propone una mirada alternativa a la escuela y a la adolescencia para generar la reflexión en torno a la función social de la escuela desde la cual es posible generar cambios en la población estudiantil y como consecuencia, en el entramado social. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Productividad científica de estudiantes entre 2009 y 2013 en dos revistas chilenas de Psicología
Authors: Fauré Jaime , Miranda Fuentes Jocelyn , Caro Camilo 
Published: June 2016

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo indagar cuántos estudiantes han publicado entre 2009 y 2013 en dos revistas del área de la Psicología pertenecientes a las dos universidades con más investigación en Chile, para aportar a una contextualización del estado actual de la ciencia en el país. Para esto, se revisaron las publicaciones de las revistas Psykhe y Revista de Psicología. Los resultados indicaron que solo un estudiante ha publicado en dicho período, que la mayor parte de quienes publican solo reportan como grado académico estar titulados y que la mayor parte de las investigaciones son realizadas por investigadores chilenos, argentinos o españoles. A partir de estos resultados, se discute el rol de los estudiantes en los procesos de investigación, y el rol de la formación en investigación como mecanismo para mejorar distintos indicadores utilizados para evaluar la producción científica e intelectual. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Consumo de prostitución y construcción de las masculinidades contemporáneas en España
Authors: Gómez Suárez Águeda , Casado-Neira David , Pérez Freire Silvia 
Published: June 2016

En las sociedades contemporáneas el consumo de servicios de prostitución, mayoritariamente entre la población masculina, es uno de los indicadores más significativos de una forma de entender, vivir y sentir la sexualidad. España es el primer país europeo en consumo de prostitución, pero la actividad no está regulada, su consumo no está penado, así como tampoco su oferta. Se aborda la construcción de las identidades masculinas en España en relación a la prostitución. Se ha recurrido al análisis de 18 entrevistas a clientes de servicios de prostitución, dos a trabajadores de prostíbulos y un grupo de discusión con clientes y no clientes. Se han descubierto cuatro ethos de consumidores de prostitución (misógino, mercantilista, amigo crítico). A pesar de las masculinidades emergentes (amigo-acompañante) frente al modelo tradicional de masculinidad (padre-protector) ambas posibilitan una lógica en la que el consumo de servicios de prostitución tiene plena vigencia y se justifica. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Intención emprendedora en estudiantes universitarios: integración de factores cognitivos y socio-personales
Authors: Durán-Aponte Emilse , Arias-Gómez Diana 
Published: June 2016

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la existencia o ausencia de relación entre la intención emprendedora y un conjunto de variables cognitivas (autoeficacia emprendedora, actitud emprendedora y estilo emocional) y variables socio-personales (sexo, experiencia laboral, trabajar actualmente, poseer una empresa familiar, vivir con padres o no) en estudiantes universitarios. Método: participaron 159 estudiantes de los cuales 73 eran mujeres y 86 hombres. A través de una regresión logística se encontró que una alta autoeficacia para el liderazgo de recursos claves y un bajo estilo emocional de rumiación, contribuyen con la intención de emprender. Se discuten estos resultados en el contexto latinoamericano y se recomienda el énfasis que debe hacerse en la formación de futuros profesionales universitarios orientados a emprender, dando mayor relevancia a aspectos psicológicos del individuo en vez de la visión estrictamente económica y gerencial presente en los planes de formación para emprendedores de la actualidad. Por último, la principal contribución del estudio estuvo en la combinación de factores cognitivos y socio-personales en una misma muestra, la utilización de dimensiones más claras de las variables autoeficacia y actitud emprendedora, la promoción de instrumentos validados en la población de estudio y el uso de una técnica estadística potente y multicausal, como lo es la regresión logística. Se recomienda la investigación longitudinal para comprobar si efectivamente se convierten en emprendedores y verificar los factores explicativos de ello, además, comparar los resultados con población emprendedora para establecer relaciones más claras y eliminar aquellos factores que no contribuyan en la explicación del fenómeno. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.
Association and Outcome of the Primary Repair of Obstetric Perineal Injuries
Authors: Saba Naseem , Sultana Anwar , Afridi Mehnaz 
Published: June 2016

Objectives: To study the association and outcome of the primary repair obstetric perineal injures. Design: Cross sectional study. Methods: Patients presenting with third and fourth degree tears were included, factors associated with injures were studied. Primary repair was performed and outcome was looked after three months of repair. Results: Sixty Four (64) patients were studied in 18 months 59% were having their first pregnancy. Instrumental deliveries an macrosomia are strong associations. Primary repair with end to end approximation was done which was successful. Conclusion: Prevention is important Mediolateral episiotomy and skill of instrumental deliveries can minimize the risk of obstetrics perineal injures. Key Words: erineal tears, feacal incontinence, instrumental deliveries, mediolateral episiotomy.
Etiology, Presentation and Management of Liver Abscesses at the Children’s Hospital Lahore
Authors: Cheema Huma Arshad , Saeed Anjum 
Published: June 2016

Background: Liver abscess is a common problem among children. The purpose of this study is to describe the etiology, different management strategies and outcome of children with liver abscess in Children’s Hospital Lahore. Patients and Methods: This study included 38 children with liver abscess seen during two-year period, from September 2004 to September 2006 at the Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore. Diagnosis was made on history, examination and investigations. Ultrasound and CT scan were the main diagnostic tools. Results: Out of 38 patients, 33 children underwent aspiration and remaining 5 were managed conservatively. Eight aspirates yielded positive culture for various organisms. Three patients were positive for E.Coli, 2 for Staph Aureus, and 1 each case of Klebsiella and Pseudomonas. One patient had multiple micro-abscesses and was also positive for typhidot IgM. Another patient was positive for acid fast mycobacterium tuberculosis. All patients recovered from their abscesses. There was no mortality reported. Conclusions: In our pediatric population, liver abscess are mostly caused by pyogenic organisms. Amebic etiology was not proven in any case. Majority of liver abscesses can be satisfactorily treated by aspiration and /or percutaneous image guided drainage with satisfactory outcome. Key Words: Liver abscess, children.
Evaluation of the Treatment of Frozen Shoulder by Hydraulic Distention Under
Authors: Ghauri Shakeel Khan , Anwar Muhammad Aftab , Hanif Asif , Akram Muhammad 
Published: June 2016

Objective: To evaluate the result of treatment of frozen shoulder by Hydraulic Distention under local anesthesia with steroid and intra-articular steroid alone. Study Design: It was a prospective and comparative study. Samples size: 60 patients were taken in this study and were divided into two groups. Duration and Setting: The study was conducted in 2000 - 2001 treated in the department of Orthopaedic, Mayo Hospital Lahore. Methodology: The patients were divided into two groups. Group-I were treated by hydraulic distension of glenohumeral joint with 50 ml normal saline under local anesthesia with steroid followed by medicines (oral analgesics and muscle relaxants) and exercises. Patients in group-II were treated by intra-articular steroid followed by medicines (oral analgesics and muscle relaxants) and exercises. Results: The average age of patients in group I was 52 ± 2.16 years and 50 ± 2.03 in group II. There were 37 (63%) females and 22 (37%) males in our study. Female to male ratio was 1.7:1. All patients in group-I noted immediate pain relief with excellent return of range of motion (ROM) and resumption of normal sleep. At the end of 45 days of follow up all patients had returned to their normal daily activities. Most of them got excellent ROM and pain relief. All patients in group-II noted immediate pain relief and resumption of almost normal sleep. At the end of 45 days of follow up most of the patient presented with good relief of pain but could not return to most of their normal activities because of less improvement in ROM. Conclusions: Hydraulic distension technique is a quick, safe and gives early results, so it should be considered first for the treatment of frozen shoulder. Key Words: Frozen Shoulder, Hydrologic Distention, Intra articular steroid.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of the Mothers and Doctors Regarding Feeding,
Authors: Seyal Tallat , Hanif Asif 
Published: June 2016

Introduction: Since it’s a common observation that most cases of acute diarrhea are not managed according to WHO guidelines. Irrational use of drugs is a major problem of present day medical practice, as well as use of ORS is underesti-mated. The mothers /grand mothers reduce or stop feeding(except for breast feeding) do not know the importance of fluid therapy or ORS and cannot prepare ORS properly. This study was designed to know the exact situation. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of the mothers and doctors in acute diarrhea in children ≤ 5 years of age about feeding, preparation and use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) and drugs. Design: Cross Sectional. Place and duration: ORT corner of Pediatric OPD at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore from May, 2007 to September, 2007. Patients and Methods: Nine hundred and fifty children under 5 years of age having acute diarrhea were included in the study. Data was collected on a specified questionnaire by a doctor who entered the required information after interviewing the mothers/grandmothers accompanying the children. The information was collected regarding use of ORS and who prescribed, or they already had knowledge that it should be given, how to prepare ORS, whether or not continued feeding and used drugs during current acute diarrhea episode. The data was entered and interpreted as frequency distribution. Results: ORS was used (given) by only 464 (49.67%) of the mothers, out of which 125(27%) used it by their own know-ledge (through newspaper, television, told by neighbours or previous consultation by the doctor). 400 (42.82%) mothers knew about preparation of ORS. Feeding was continued by 697 (74.62%) of the mothers and 400 (42.82%) used drugs, prescribed by general practitioners, medical officers of government hospitals, few by paediatrician and self during acute diarrhea. Conclusion: It is concluded that ORS was given by 49.67% of the mothers, 42.8% could prepare it properly, feeding was stopped/reduced/diluted by 25% of the mothers. Drugs were used in 42.82% of the cases. Diarrhea control programme needs to be reinforced to improve existing practices regarding management of acute diarrhea in children ≤ 5 years of age. Inappro-priate use of drugs during diarrhea should be discouraged. Key Words: ORS(oral rehydration solution), acute diarrhea, ORT( oral rehydration therapy).
Comparison of Maitland Thoracic Spine Manipulation Versus Maitland Cervical Spine Mobilization in Chronic Unilateral C6 – C7 Cervical Radiculopathy
Authors: Waqas Shoaib , Ahmad Ashfaq , Ahmad Shahzad , Shafi Tariq , Shahid Hassan Anjum 
Published: June 2016

Background: Radicular pains are very common in cervical region due to C6 – C7 nerve root involvement which results discomfort and restriction of mobility of upper and lower segments of cervical and thoracic spine. A lot of evidences about non-operative treatments have been derived for managing cervical radiculopathies with a little documentation of manual therapy. So, in this study, Maitland concept of manipulation and mobilization at two different regions of spine (thoracic and cervical) respectively, was used to see the change in pain reduction and restoration of normal functional abilities.Methodology: A study design of Comparative single blinded, randomized control clinical trials was used. 100 patients having chronic unilateral C6 – C7 cervical radiculopathy’s symptoms due to disc prolapsed, divided into two groups with simple random sampling as guided per-consolidated standards of reporting trials (CONSORT) guidelines were used. First group was managed with Maitland thoracic spine manipulation (MTSM), mechanical intermittent cervical traction (MICT) for 10 minutes and regime of strengthening exercises (SE) and second group was managed with Maitland cervical spine mobilization (MCSM), MICT and SE. The duration of treatment was four weeks at the rate of three times in one week. Two outcome measures numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) and Neck disability index (NDI) questionnaire were used for evaluation and investigation. Data was collected at start, after two and after four Weeks’s treatment. Independent T test with extension of Levene’s test was used with 0.05% level of confidence.Results: The calculated p value for NPRS and NDI for group A (MTSM) was P = 0.000which was less than 0.05 having validation of significant changes. So, we reject our Null hypothesis that MTSM is more effective than MCSM.Conclusion: The result shows that MTSM and MC-SM were effective techniques for pain reduction and functional abilities restoration. However, the subjects of first group with MTSM, MICT and SE presented better progress in reduction of neck ache and refining functional status during comparison.
Types of Conflicts in Doctors in Private and Public Sector Hospitals
Authors: Khalid Shazia , Fatima Iram , Khan Waheeda 
Published: June 2016

Objective: The present research was conducted to assess whether doctors of private and public sector hospitals would differ in organizational conflict types after controlling gender.Material and Method: The sample comprised of 178 doctors employed in private and public sector hospitals among which 84 were from private hospitals and 94 were from public sector hospitals. Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory – III was used to assess the types of conflicts.Results: Results revealed that the doctors from private sector hospital experienced all types of conflicts more than doctors from public sector hospitals, after controlling for the gender. Further substantive conflict was experienced more than other types of conflicts in both settings.Conclusion: Although, type of sector plays a major role in determining level of conflicts in doctors, yet task related conflicts named as substantive conflicts are dominant in both types of settings whether private or public.