bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instrument Motion Metrics for Laparoscopic Skills Assessment in Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
Authors: Fransson Boel A. , Chen Chi‐Ya , Noyes Julie A. , Ragle Claude A. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo determine the construct and concurrent validity of instrument motion metrics for laparoscopic skills assessment in virtual reality and augmented reality simulators.Study DesignEvaluation study.Sample Population: Veterinarian students (novice, n = 14) and veterinarians (experienced, n = 11) with no or variable laparoscopic experience.MethodsParticipants' minimally invasive surgery (MIS) experience was determined by hospital records of MIS procedures performed in the Teaching Hospital. Basic laparoscopic skills were assessed by 5 tasks using a physical box trainer. Each participant completed 2 tasks for assessments in each type of simulator (virtual reality: bowel handling and cutting; augmented reality: object positioning and a pericardial window model). Motion metrics such as instrument path length, angle or drift, and economy of motion of each simulator were recorded.ResultsNone of the motion metrics in a virtual reality simulator showed correlation with experience, or to the basic laparoscopic skills score. All metrics in augmented reality were significantly correlated with experience (time, instrument path, and economy of movement), except for the hand dominance metric. The basic laparoscopic skills score was correlated to all performance metrics in augmented reality. The augmented reality motion metrics differed between American College of Veterinary Surgeons diplomates and residents, whereas basic laparoscopic skills score and virtual reality metrics did not.ConclusionOur results provide construct validity and concurrent validity for motion analysis metrics for an augmented reality system, whereas a virtual reality system was validated only for the time score.
Examination of endothelial cell‐induced epidermal regeneration in a mice‐based chimney wound model
Authors: Seo Joseph , Park Soon‐Jung , Choi Jong‐Jin , Kang Sun‐Woong , Lim Joa‐Jin , Lee Hye‐Jin , Kim Jong‐Soo , Yang Heung‐Mo , Kim Sung‐Joo , Kim Eun‐Young , Park Se‐Pil , Moon Sung‐Hwan , Chung Hyung‐Min 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAs wound contraction in the cutaneous layer occurs rapidly in mice, mechanical means are typically used to deliberately expose the wound to properly investigate healing by secondary intention. Previously, silicon rings and splinting models were attempted to analyze histological recovery but prevention of surrounding epidermal cell migration and subsequent closure was minimal. Here, we developed an ideal chimney wound model to evaluate epidermal regeneration in murine under hESC‐EC transplantation through histological analysis encompassing the three phases of regeneration: migration, proliferation, and remodeling. Human embryonic stem cell derived endothelial cells (hESC‐EC) were transplanted due to possessing a well‐known therapeutic effect in angiogenesis which also enhances epidermal repair to depict the process of regeneration. Following a standard 1 mm biopsy punch, a chimney manufactured by modifying a 1.7 mL microtube was simply inserted into the excisional wound to complete the modeling process. Under this model, the excisional wound remained fully exposed for 14 days and even after 4 weeks, only a thin transparent layer of epidermal tissue covered the wound site. This approach is able to more accurately depict epidermal repair in relation to histology while also being a user‐friendly and cost‐effective way to mimic human recovery in rodents and evaluate epithelial repair induced by a form of therapy.
ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION PATTERN DISAGGREGATION USING NON-INTRUSIVE APPLIANCE LOAD MONITORING METHOD
Authors: Asa @ Esa Nur Farahin , Abdullah Md Pauzi , Hassan Mohammad Yusri , Hussin Faridah 
Published: May 2016

In practice, a standard energy meter can only capture the overall electricity consumption and estimating electricity consumption pattern of various appliances from the overall consumption pattern is complicated. Therefore, the Non-Intrusive Appliance Load Monitoring (NIALM) technique can be applied to trace electricity consumption from each appliance in a monitored building. However, the method requires a detailed, second-by-second power consumption data which is commonly not available without the use of high specification energy meter. Hence, this paper analyzes the impact of different time sampling data in estimating the energy consumption pattern of various appliances through NIALM method. This is so that consumers will have an overview of time sampling data which is required in order to apply the NIALM technique. As for the analysis, air-conditioning systems and fluorescent lamps were used in the experimental setup. One minute sample rate was the minimum time interval required by NIALM carried out in this analysis. Through the study presented in this paper, it can be established that higher time sampling led to uncertain appliance detection and low accuracy.
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTRONIC AEROSOL SYSTEM FOR GENERATING MICROCAPSULES
Authors: Yean Leong Wai , Fhong Soon Chin , Wong Soon Chuan , Sek Tee Kian 
Published: May 2016

The encapsulation of living cells in a variety of soft polymers or hydrogels is important, particularly for the generation of microtissues. Various techniques have been developed for the production of microcapsules to encapsulate cells but presented threat to the cells due to the harsh treatment during the encapsulation process. In this paper, we propose a simple, economic and compact design of aerosol electronic system for producing different sizes of microcapsules. The aerosol system was developed with the incorporation of a conventional syringe pump and a customised air pump. The syringe pump purged the droplets of sodium alginate and air pump dispersed the droplets into microdroplets of sodium alginate which was then polymerised in the calcium chloride solution. In this system, the air flow rate from the air pump was controlled by a programmed microcontroller that received input instructions from a potentiometer. The suitable air flow rates that worked synchronously with the speed of the syringe pump were characterised. At 0.2 and 0.3 L/min of air flow and 20 µl/min of alginate solution flow, this device successfully generated round microcapsules with various sizes ranging from 100 to 350 µm.
IMPROVED PERFORMANCE OF HYBRID ALGORITHM FOR 3G – WIFIOFFLOAD NETWORKS
Authors: Budiyanto Setiyo , Asvial Muhamad , Gunawan Dadang 
Published: May 2016

A new algorithm for optimizing 3G–WiFioffload and load balancing between nodes, called as New – Genetic Zone Routing Protocol (N – GZRP), is proposed in this paper. N – GZRP is a combination of outputs of Roulette Wheel selections method (RWs) and Rank Selections Method (Rs). Output from RWs is optimized by Rs where Rs is used as a threshold value of the uncertainty that occurs due to the use of RWs. The algorithm is implemented for detecting the performance of mobile devices on several different types of networks. The simulation results are compared with the (RWs)–GZRPand ZRP algorithm. The simulation results show that 35% of power consumption can be saved by using the proposed algorithm compared with GZRPalgorithm. Moreover,when compared with ZRP algorithm the proposed algorithm can save 60% power consumption. In addition, N – GZRP has a more stable throughput which is 3 Kbps higher than ZRP. The simulation results also show that N–GZRPhas smaller average delay than GZRP and ZRPwhich are about 20 msand 1400 ms, respectively.N – GZRP also reduces the synchronization delay about 25 ms and 45 ms compared withGZRPalgorithmand ZRP algorithm, respectively.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Willianms Ellery 
Published: May 2016

Business and Management Studies (BMS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether BMS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 2, Number 2 Abbas Khandan Arash Riasi Florin Peci İzlem Gözükara Jayalakshmy Ramachandran Laleh Sheikhi Moghaddam Mythili Kolluru Serge Svizzero Yao Liu Ellery Willianms Editorial Assistant On behalf of, The Editorial Board of Business and Management Studies Redfame Publishing 9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416 Beaverton, OR 97008, USA URL: http://bms.redfame.com
The General Stress Response Is Conserved in Long-Term Soil-Persistent Strains of Escherichia coli
Authors: Somorin Yinka , Abram Florence , Brennan Fiona , O'Byrne Conor 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Although
Escherichia coli
is generally considered to be predominantly a commensal of the gastrointestinal tract, a number of recent studies suggest that it is also capable of long-term survival and growth in environments outside the host. As the extraintestinal physical and chemical conditions are often different from those within the host, it is possible that distinct genetic adaptations may be required to enable this transition. Several studies have shown a trade-off between growth and stress resistance in nutrient-poor environments, with lesions in the
rpoS
locus, which encodes the stress sigma factor RpoS (σ
S
). In this study, we investigated a unique collection of long-term soil-persistent
E. coli
isolates to determine whether the RpoS-controlled general stress response is altered during adaptation to a nutrient-poor extraintestinal environment. The sequence of the
rpoS
locus was found to be highly conserved in these isolates, and no nonsense or frameshift mutations were detected. Known RpoS-dependent phenotypes, including glycogen synthesis and γ-aminobutyrate production, were found to be conserved in all strains. All strains expressed the full-length RpoS protein, which was fully functional using the RpoS-dependent promoter reporter fusion P
gadX
::
gfp
. RpoS was shown to be essential for long-term soil survival of
E. coli
, since mutants lacking
rpoS
lost viability rapidly in soil survival assays. Thus, despite some phenotypic heterogeneity, the soil-persistent strains all retained a fully functional RpoS-regulated general stress response, which we interpret to indicate that the stresses encountered in soil provide a strong selective pressure for maintaining stress resistance, despite limited nutrient availability.

IMPORTANCE
Escherichia coli
has been, and continues to be, used as an important indicator species reflecting potential fecal contamination events in the environment. However, recent studies have questioned the validity of this, since
E. coli
has been found to be capable of long-term colonization of soils. This study investigated whether long-term soil-persistent
E. coli
strains have evolved altered stress resistance characteristics. In particular, the study investigated whether the main regulator of genes involved in stress protection, the sigma factor RpoS, has been altered in the soil-persistent strains. The results show that RpoS stress protection is fully conserved in soil-persistent strains of
E. coli
. They also show that loss of the
rpoS
gene dramatically reduces the ability of this organism to survive in a soil environment. Overall, the results indicate that soil represents a stressful environment for
E. coli
, and their survival in it requires that they deploy a full stress protection response.
Combination of Eribulin and Aurora A Inhibitor MLN8237 Prevents Metastatic Colonization and Induces Cytotoxic Autophagy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Kozyreva Varvara K. , Kiseleva Anna A. , Ice Ryan J. , Jones Brandon C. , Loskutov Yuriy V. , Matalkah Fatimah , Smolkin Matthew B. , Marinak Kristina , Livengood Ryan H. , Salkeni Mohamad A. , Wen Sijin , Hazard Hannah W. , Layne Ginger P. , Walsh Callee M. , Cantrell Pamela S. , Kilby Greg W. , Mahavadi Sricharan , Shah Neal , Pugacheva Elena N. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Recent findings suggest that the inhibition of Aurora A (AURKA) kinase may offer a novel treatment strategy against metastatic cancers. In the current study, we determined the effects of AURKA inhibition by the small molecule inhibitor MLN8237 both as a monotherapy and in combination with the microtubule-targeting drug eribulin on different stages of metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and defined the potential mechanism of its action. MLN8237 as a single agent and in combination with eribulin affected multiple steps in the metastatic process, including migration, attachment, and proliferation in distant organs, resulting in suppression of metastatic colonization and recurrence of cancer. Eribulin application induces accumulation of active AURKA in TNBC cells, providing foundation for the combination therapy. Mechanistically, AURKA inhibition induces cytotoxic autophagy via activation of the LC3B/p62 axis and inhibition of pAKT, leading to eradication of metastases, but has no effect on growth of mammary tumor. Combination of MLN8237 with eribulin leads to a synergistic increase in apoptosis in mammary tumors, as well as cytotoxic autophagy in metastases. These preclinical data provide a new understanding of the mechanisms by which MLN8237 mediates its antimetastatic effects and advocates for its combination with eribulin in future clinical trials for metastatic breast cancer and early-stage solid tumors. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(8); 1809–22. ©2016 AACR.
RACIOCÍNIO CRÍTICO EM AMBIENTES VIRTUAIS
Authors: Passos Ivan Carlin , Cornacchione Junior Edgard Bruno , Gaio Luiz Eduardo , Brito Eduardo De 
Published: May 2016

Nos últimos anos o Brasil vem ocupando uma posição de destaque econômico no mundo, porém não se observa o mesmo quando se trata de qualidade do ensino, tanto em nível básico quanto superior. As novas gerações nascidas na Era Digital, como a denominada “Geração Y” ou mesmo a “Z” apresentam diversas qualidades, porém dentre suas deficiências, preocupa o fato de adorarem tecnologias que competem com outras atividades que desenvolvem raciocínio critico, como a leitura e solução de problemas. A habilidade de Raciocínio Crítico (Critical Thinking) é enfatizada como importante para diversos tipos de profissionais e pesquisada há muitos anos. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi avaliar empiricamente a aplicação do modelo de desenvolvimento de Raciocínio Crítico de Richard Paul no ambiente virtual Moodle em alunos de disciplinas contábeis. Aplicou-se um quase experimento, no primeiro semestre de 2013, em alunos do curso de graduação presencial em Administração na disciplina Orçamento Empresarial e Controladoria de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior do interior do Estado de São Paulo. O instrumento de avaliação de raciocínio crítico foi o Ennis Weir Critical Thinking Essay Test (EWCTET). O principal resultado foi que o modelo de Richard Paul não teve efeito significativo no desenvolvimento de habilidades de raciocínio crítico quando aplicado em uma abordagem mista e via ambiente virtual de aprendizagem Moodle, contrariando pesquisas anteriores. Para futuras pesquisas, sugerem-se amostras maiores que possibilitem melhorar o poder estatístico dos resultados e a investigação de formas de controle que intensifiquem o tempo de dedicação dos alunos nas atividades assíncronas.
Lysippe nikiti sp. nov. (Polychaeta, Terebellomorpha) from the deep Pacific and Indian Oceans with an amendment to the generic diagnosis of Lysippe
Authors: JIRKOV IGOR A. 
Published: May 2016

Lysippe nikiti n. sp. is described from abyssal depths in the North Pacific and Indian Oceans. It differs from other species of the genus in that it has 14 thoracic uncinigers, ten abdominal uncinigers and three pairs of branchiae. The generic diagnosis is emended to include the newly described fully retractable nuchal organs of the type species L. labiata and details of the position of the nephridiopores. The validity of Samytha is discussed and it is proposed that this genus be treated as junior synonym of Lysippe. Of the 22 species described as Lysippe or its junior synonyms, eight: L. agulhasensis, L. capensis, L. vanelli—type species of Eclysippe, Samytha bioculata—type species of Mooresamytha, S. (?) heterobranchia, S. oculata, S. pallescens—type species of Glyphanostomum and S. (?) speculatrix—have been or should, for reasons discussed here, be transferred to other genera. Neither the original description nor later redescriptions allow differentiation of Samytha californiensis from L. gurjanovae. Thus Lysippe currently includes 13 valid species: L. annectens—type species of Paralysippe, L. annenkovae, L. caeca, L. fragilis—type species of Lysippides, L. gurjanovae, L. hesslei, L. labiata, L. mexicana—type species of Pseudampharete, L. nikiti, L. nipponica, L. sexcirrata, L. storchi and L. trichobranchia.
How I treat acute myeloid leukemia presenting with preexisting comorbidities
Authors: Ofran Yishai , Tallman Martin S. , Rowe Jacob M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a devastating disease with an incidence that progressively increases with advancing age. Currently, only ∼40% of younger and 10% of older adults are long-term survivors. If untreated, the overall prognosis of AML remains dismal. Initiation of therapy at diagnosis is usually urgent. Barriers to successful therapy for AML are the attendant toxicities directly related to chemotherapy or those associated with inevitable aplasia. Organ dysfunction often further complicates such toxicities and may even be prohibitive. There are few guidelines to manage such patients and the fear of crossing the medico-legal abyss may dominate. Such clinical scenarios provide particular challenges and require experience for optimal management. Herein, we discuss select examples of common pretreatment comorbidities, including cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease; chronic renal failure, with and without dialysis; hepatitis and cirrhosis; chronic pulmonary insufficiency; and cerebral vascular disease. These comorbidities usually render patients ineligible for clinical trials and enormous uncertainty regarding management reigns, often to the point of withholding definitive therapy. The scenarios described herein emphasize that with appropriate subspecialty support, many AML patients with comorbidities can undergo therapy with curative intent and achieve successful long-term outcome.
Clinical, hormonal, biochemical and genetic characteristics of 75 patients with hypophosphatemic rickets
Authors: Kulikova Kristina S. , Kolodkina Anna A. , Vasiliev Evgeniy V. , Petrov Vasiliy M. , Gorbach Elena N. , Gofman Fedor F. , Korkin Anatoly Y. , Petrov Michael A. , Kenis Vladimir M. , Tiulpakov Anatoly N. 
Published: May 2016

Aim — the present research was aimed at identifying the genetic causes for hr in patients, as well as evaluating the clinical, hormonal and biochemical characteristics of the disease in this group of patients.Material and methods. 75 patients (aged, of 3 months to 57 years; females, n=38; males, n=37) with clinical and radiological findings of rickets, low serum phosphate and low tubular reabsorption of phosphate were included. ‘rickets panel’ genes were sequenced using a custom Ion Ampliseq gene panel and PGM semiconductor sequencer (Ion Torrent). The panel included primers for multiplex amplification of 22 genes associated with genetic calcium metabolism dysfunctions. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using torrent suite (Ion Torrent) and ANNOVAR software packages.Results. Out of the 75 patients 36 were diagnosed with familial form of hr, and 39 probands had sporadic cases. Out clinical characteristics the most widespread symptoms of the disease included: lower limbs malformations since the patients started to walk (94.5%), hypotonia in the first 12 months of life (70.2%), multiple caries (58%). Mutations were identified in 100% of familial and 88,5% of sporadic cases. In 68 probands (90,5%) mutations were detected in PHEX, 40 of which were novel. For familial forms of the disease mutations were discovered in 100% cases, for sporadic — in 82% cases. One subject had both DMP1 and PHEX mutations. No mutations were detected in FGF23, SLC34A1, SLC34A3, SLC9A3R1, ENPP1, CLClCN5 and SLC2A2 genes.Conclusion. The study confirmed predominance of PHEX mutations among the patients with HR. The identification of causative agent is very important for antenatal diagnostics for familial forms of disease and enables well-timed conservative treatment.
Utilização de produtos naturais da região do Xingu em experimentos didáticos para o ensino de Química Orgânica
Authors: LACERDA JADSON ROBÉRIO LEAL DE , REIS RIVALDO PEREIRA , SANTOS MARCOS ANTONIO BARROS DOS 
Published: May 2016

A experimentação e a contextualização no ensino de Química são aliadas no processo de ensino – aprendizagem, por facilitar e motivar os alunos na compreensão dos conteúdos e também por ajudar a desenvolver a capacidade de compreender os fenômenos químicos presente em seu dia – a – dia. O emprego de aulas práticas experimentais torna – se uma estratégia didática importante para o processo de construção de conhecimento científico estimulando assim o caráter investigativo do aluno, vale ressaltar a importância da teoria com a prática para construção do conhecimento. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na E.E.E.M Polivalente, no município de Altamira – PA com a turma do 3º ano do ensino médio turno da tarde. A prática foi realizada com a presença de 30 (trinta) alunos e dividida em 03 (três) momentos; aula dialogada e participativa onde foram introduzidos os conceitos facilitadores na aprendizagem de compostos Químicos, uma atividade experimental utilizando materiais de fácil acesso e de baixo custo na construção de um extrator artesanal para a extração de óleo essencial da planta Alfavaca (Ocimum Basilicum L.), e a aplicação de um questionário com o intuito de verificar a aprendizagem por parte dos estudantes. Os resultados permitiram perceber a interferência do ensino formal quando se pretende mediar aprendizagens por descoberta e em que medida a experimentação pode tornar a aprendizagem significativa. Diante dos resultados obtidos com a experiência em sala de aula com os alunos conclui que apesar dos professores acharem a experimentação um recurso importante para o processo de ensino aprendizagem eles poucos utilizam essa prática. [SP1]Usar fonte Times New Roman Resumo, tamanho 10.