bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphology of the retina in deep‐water fish Nezumia sclerorhynchus (Valenciennes, 1838) (Gadiformes: Macrouridae)
Authors: García Magdalena , Tomás Sabina , Robles Maria Laura , Ramos Alfonso , Segovia Yolanda 
Published: May 2017

AbstractUsing light microscopy, we examined the retina of benthopelagic fish Nezumia sclerorhynchus. Although the retina is typical of other vertebrates, having three nuclear and two synaptic layers, it presents some features associated with the animal's deep‐sea habitat. A stratum argenteum containing iridescent crystals is located in the choroid. The pigment cell layer shows bulky cells filled with melanin granules but without the typical apical processes. The visual cells, consisting of a big population of rods, are arranged in several banks. No cones were observed. The outer segments are very long and cylindrical, and the inner segments are constituted by a small ellipsoid at the proximal end. The outer nuclear layer contains several rows of oval nuclei, and the spherules in the outer plexiform layer have less regular outlines than nuclei. The inner retina is characterized by very large horizontal cells, and presumable bipolar and amacrine cells separated by large spaces that are occupied by neuronal processes. Finally, the low density of ganglion cells produces a thin nerve fibre layer. The results of this study suggest that the retina of Nezumia sclerorhyncus exhibits high visual sensitivity and that vision is a sense that plays an important role in its behaviour.
Parameter recovery, bias and standard errors in the linear ballistic accumulator model
Authors: Visser Ingmar , Poessé Rens 
Published: May 2017

The linear ballistic accumulator (LBA) model (Brown & Heathcote, , Cogn. Psychol., 57, 153) is increasingly popular in modelling response times from experimental data. An R package, glba, has been developed to fit the LBA model using maximum likelihood estimation which is validated by means of a parameter recovery study. At sufficient sample sizes parameter recovery is good, whereas at smaller sample sizes there can be large bias in parameters. In a second simulation study, two methods for computing parameter standard errors are compared. The Hessian‐based method is found to be adequate and is (much) faster than the alternative bootstrap method. The use of parameter standard errors in model selection and inference is illustrated in an example using data from an implicit learning experiment (Visser et al., , Mem. Cogn., 35, 1502). It is shown that typical implicit learning effects are captured by different parameters of the LBA model.
The phylogeny of Galerucinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and the performance of mitochondrial genomes in phylogenetic inference compared to nuclearrRNAgenes
Authors: Nie Rui‐E , Breeschoten Thijmen , Timmermans Martijn J. T. N. , Nadein Konstantin , Xue Huai‐Jun , Bai Ming , Huang Yuan , Yang Xing‐Ke , Vogler Alfried P. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWith efficient sequencing techniques, full mitochondrial genomes are rapidly replacing other widely used markers, such as the nuclearrRNAgenes, for phylogenetic analysis but their power to resolve deep levels of the tree remains controversial. We studied phylogenetic relationships of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) in the tribes Galerucini and Alticini (root worms and flea beetles) based on full mitochondrial genomes (103 newly sequenced), and compared their performance to the widely sequenced nuclearrRNAgenes (full 18S, partial 28S). Our results show that: (i) the mitogenome is phylogenetically informative from subtribe to family level, and the per‐nucleotide contribution to nodal support is higher than that ofrRNAgenes, (ii) the Galerucini and Alticini are reciprocally monophyletic sister groups, if the classification is adjusted to accommodate several ‘problematic genera’ that do not fit the dichotomy of lineages based on the presence (Alticini) or absence (Galerucini) of the jumping apparatus, and (iii) the phylogenetic results suggest a new classification system of Galerucini with eight subtribes: Oidina, Galerucina, Hylaspina, Metacyclina, Luperina, Aulacophorina, Diabroticina and Monoleptina.
No Harm, Still Foul: Concerns About Reputation Drive Dislike of Harmless Plagiarizers
Authors: Silver Ike , Shaw Alex 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAcross a variety of situations, people strongly condemn plagiarizers who steal credit for ideas, even when the theft in question does not appear to harm anyone. Why would people react negatively to relatively harmless acts of plagiarism? In six experiments, we predict and find that these negative reactions are driven by people's aversion toward agents who attempt to falsely improve their reputations. In Studies 1–3, participants condemn plagiarism cases that they agree are harmless (i.e., stealing credit from an anonymous source). This effect is mediated by the extent to which participants perceive the plagiarizer to have falsely benefitted from plagiarizing. In Studies 4–5, we demonstrate that this effect is not explained solely by participants’ negative response to lies or violations of permission. In Study 6, participants condemn a plagiarism case in which the idea's original author actually benefits, providing the strongest evidence that people condemn plagiarism for reasons beyond perceived harm. We discuss how this work connects to broader questions of intellectual property and impression management.
Endoscopic findings of laryngopharyngeal and esophageal involvement in autoimmune bullous disease
Authors: Nakamura Rieko , Omori Tai , Suda Koichi , Wada Norihito , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Takeuchi Hiroya , Yamagami Jun , Amagai Masayuki , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: May 2017

Background and AimAutoimmune bullous disease (ABD) is induced by autoantibodies against cell adhesion molecules, and blistering may occur on the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, mouth, oral cavity, laryngopharynx, and esophagus. Endoscopic prevalence and features of ABD‐associated esophageal lesions are not well known. We conducted the present study to assess the endoscopic prevalence of ABD‐associated mucosal lesions.MethodsEndoscopic prevalence of mucosal lesions, particularly laryngopharyngeal and esophageal lesions, was used as the primary endpoint to assess the significance of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and clinical and endoscopic features were secondary endpoints.ResultsOf 123 ABD patients, 50.4% had apparent oral or laryngopharyngeal lesions and 30.8% had laryngopharyngeal lesions. Esophageal lesions were detected through normal observation in 16.8% of affected patients, whereas 40.6% exhibited epidermolysis or blood blisters by mechanical inducement, regardless of esophageal mucosal lesion detection by normal observation. Additionally, 56.0% exhibited the Nikolsky sign with mechanical inducement. Of the 123 patients, 29.2% did not have exposed skin lesions. Of these patients, 77.7% had oral cavity or laryngopharyngeal lesions, 36.1% had esophageal lesions, and 58.3% exhibited the Nikolsky sign on esophageal mucosa.ConclusionIt is important to determine the endoscopic characteristics and findings of ABD. ABD can be suspected from endoscopic findings.
Weight function, stress intensity factor and crack opening displacement solutions to periodic collinear edge hole cracks
Authors: Xu W. , Wu X. R. , Yu Y. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPeriodic collinear edge hole cracks and arbitrary small cracks emanating from collinear holes, which are two typical multiple site damages occurred in the aircraft structures, are studied by using the weigh function method. An explicit closed form weight function for periodic edge hole cracks in an infinite sheet is obtained and further used to calculate the stress intensity factor and crack opening displacement for various loading cases. Compared to finite element method, the present weight function is accurate and highly efficient. The interactions of the holes and cracks on the stress intensity factor and crack opening displacement are quantitatively determined by using the present weight function. An approximate weight function method is also proposed for arbitrary small cracks emanating from multiple collinear holes. This method is very useful for calculating the stress intensity factor for arbitrary small cracks.
Growth and mortality of larval anchoveta Engraulis ringens, in northern Chile during winter and their relationship with coastal hydrographic conditions
Authors: Contreras Jorge E. , Rodriguez‐Valentino Camilo , Landaeta Mauricio F. , Plaza Guido , Castillo Manuel I. , Alvarado‐Niño Mónica 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLarval growth, age, growth effect and instantaneous mortality were estimated in anchoveta, Engraulis ringens, collected biweekly during the austral winter of 2014 in nearshore waters off Bay of Antofagasta (23°41′W–70°30′S), northern Chile. Through measuring standard length (SL) and sagitta microstructure analysis, it was estimated that the growth rate of E. ringens larvae decreased from June (0.85 mm day−1) to August (0.50 mm day−1). However, the water temperature was homogeneous during the sampling dates (14.6, 15.2, 14.4, and 14.6°C), suggesting that the decelerating larval growth was not linked to changes in sea temperature. Additionally, larvae with slow growth have larger otoliths compared with conspecifics with fast growth (growth effect). Larval mortality rates tended to decrease until the middle of July (0.18 per day) but increased to 0.25 per day in early August, which coincided with lower food availability (i.e., chlorophyll‐a, 2.7–5.6 mg m−3) and a high occurrence of smaller larvae (1.58–11.5 mm). Partial least squares analysis indicates low covariance between the biological and oceanographic variables (PLS: 11.71%), suggesting that other factors, such as parental effects, may explain the abrupt decrease in the larval growth rates.
Recombinant factor VIIa addition to haemophilic blood perfused over collagen/tissue factor can sufficiently bypass the factor IXa/VIIIa defect to rescue fibrin generation
Authors: Li R. , Panckeri K. A. , Fogarty P. F. , Cuker A. , Diamond S. L. 
Published: May 2017

IntroductionFactor VIII (FVIII) or factor IX (FIX)‐deficient haemophilic patients display deficits in platelet and fibrin deposition under flow detectable in microfluidics. Compared to fibrin generation, decreased platelet deposition in haemophilic blood flow is more easily rescued with recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa), whereas rFVIIa requires FXIIa participation to generate fibrin when tissue factor (TF) is absent.AimsPerfusion of haemophilic whole blood (WB) over collagen/TF surfaces was used to determine whether rFVIIa/TF was sufficient to bypass poor FIXa/FVIIIa function in blood from patients with haemophilia A and B.MethodsWhole blood treated with high‐dose corn trypsin inhibitor (40 μg mL−1) from seven healthy donors and 10 patients was perfused over fibrillar collagen presenting low or high TF (TFlow or TFhigh) at wall shear rate of 100 s−1.ResultsWith WB from healthy controls, platelet deposition and fibrin accumulation increased as TF increased. Factor‐deficient WB (1–3% of normal) displayed striking deficits in platelet deposition and fibrin formation at either TFlow or TFhigh. In contrast, mildly factor‐deficient WB (14–32%) supported fibrin formation under flow on TFhigh/collagen. With either TFlow or TFhigh, exogenously added rFVIIa (20 nm) increased platelet deposition and fibrin accumulation in WB from factor‐deficient patients (1–3% of normal) to levels commensurate with untreated healthy WB.ConclusionThe absence of FIXa/FVIIIa in patients with severe haemophilia results in deficits in fibrin formation that cannot be rescued by wall‐derived TF ex vivo. The effects of rFVIIa on platelet adhesion and rFVIIa/TF can act together to reinforce thrombin generation, platelet deposition and fibrin formation under flow.
Development and validation of a Chinese medication literacy measure
Authors: Yeh Ying‐Chih , Lin Hsiang‐Wen , Chang Elizabeth H. , Huang Yen‐Ming , Chen Yu‐Chieh , Wang Chun‐Yu , Liu Jen‐Wei , Ko Yu 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundDespite the impact of medication literacy (ML) on patients’ safe use of medications, existing instruments are mostly for general health literacy measurement or designed for specific disease populations, with few specifically designed for ML.ObjectiveTo develop and validate the first Chinese medication literacy measure (ChMLM).MethodsThe ChMLM was developed by a multidisciplinary and bilingual expert panel and subsequently pilot‐tested. The final version had 17 questions in four sections: vocabulary, non‐prescription drug, prescription drug and drug advertisement. Face‐to‐face interviews were administered in a convenience sample of adults with diverse sociodemographic characteristics. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha. Content validity was confirmed by the expert panel, and hypothesis testing was performed to assess construct validity.ResultsA total of 634 adults were interviewed. The mean (SD) total ChMLM score was 13.0 (2.8). The internal validity was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha=0.72). Nine of the ten a priori hypotheses were fulfilled. Younger age, higher income and higher education levels were significantly associated with a higher ChMLM score. Furthermore, higher scores on the ChMLM were associated with higher confidence or less difficulty in writing, reading, speaking and listening abilities in a health‐care encounter. No association was found between ChMLM total scores and frequency of doctor's visits.ConclusionThe ChMLM is a valid and reliable ML measure. It may help pharmacists and other health‐care providers to target patients and problem areas that need interventions with the ultimate goal of preventing medication errors and harm.
A review of the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQL) model for dental hygiene: Eighteen years later
Authors: Gadbury‐Amyot CC , Austin KS , Simmer‐Beck M 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review available evidence to determine the impact of the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQL) Model for Dental Hygiene on education, research, and practice.MethodsA search was conducted in PubMed using the search terms oral health‐related quality of life, OHRQL, and dental hygiene and limited to publications between 1998 and 2016. Google Scholar was also used to identify citations for the two original OHRQL model papers to capture the literature widely read by practicing dental hygienists but not indexed in PubMed. A total of 40 publications met the predetermined search strategy. Full publications were obtained and reviewed to determine how this research is being used in education, research, and practice.FindingsThe OHRQL is being utilized to a very limited degree in education, research, and practice. The literature shows how the OHRQL is actively being used in the school where the model originated in addition to a dental hygiene programme in Japan. Studies have been conducted on a variety of research instruments, including the OHRQL, designed to capture OHRQL outcomes. Japanese researchers have used the OHRQL in studies designed to determine the impact of oral healthcare delivery on patients’ oral health‐related quality of life.ConclusionEighteen years of the literature confirms that the OHRQL is being used minimally in education, research, and practice. Greater emphasis is needed around the collection and assessment of oral health‐related quality of life measures for providing patient‐centred care.
Thermal shock behavior of Ti2AlC from 200°C to 1400°C
Authors: Bai Yuelei , Kong Fanyu , He Xiaodong , Li Ning , Qi Xinxin , Zheng Yongting , Zhu Chuncheng , Wang Rongguo , Duff Andrew Ian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe thermal shock behavior of Ti2AlC synthesized by means of self‐propagating high‐temperature combustion synthesis with pseudo hot isostatic pressing is investigated, with a focus on the effect of the quenching temperature and quenching times. In general, Ti2AlC exhibits a better thermal shock resistance than typical brittle ceramics like Al2O3. Although the flexural strength decreases quickly in the temperature range of 300°C‐500°C, no discontinuous decrease in the retained strength is observed in Ti2AlC which, as with other MAX phases, differs from the behavior of typical brittle ceramics. Overall, the initial strength (grain size) plays a determining role in the thermal shock behavior of Ti2AlC and other MAX phases. On increasing quench times to 5 cycles, the retained flexural strength decreases further, however with a lower rate of decrease compared with the first quench. Quenching at 300°C and above, voids after the pullout of grains and cracks are present, which however are absent in the un‐quenched samples, indicating the weakening of bonding among grains and the induced damage around the grain boundary during the thermal shock.
The effects of TEOS on the microstructure and phase evolutions of YAG phase by formation of alumina/yttria core‐shell structures
Authors: Kafili Golara , Loghman‐Estarki Mohammad Reza , Milani Mostafa , Movahedi Behrooz 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this work, pure yttrium aluminum garnet was obtained by the partial chemical method at the low temperature. In this approach, alpha‐alumina nanoparticle, yttrium nitrate, urea, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) were used as Al3+, Y3+, precipitation agent, and both dispersant and phase formation assistant agents, respectively. The results showed that TEOS molecules as a dispersant agent caused the less agglomeration of the alumina‐yttria core‐shell structure with a diameter of 200‐300 nm, as compared to particles obtained without using TEOS molecules. Furthermore, by using 0.5 and 1 wt% of TEOS, the YAG formation temperature was decreased from 1400°C to 1200°C through the liquid‐phase diffusion mechanism. Thus, in this case, the TEOS molecules acted as phase formation assistant agent for the constitution of YAG phases.
The prevalence of pain and its relationship to falls, fatigue, and depression in a cohort of older people living in the community
Authors: Crowe Marie , Jordan Jennifer , Gillon Deborah , McCall Cate , Frampton Christopher , Jamieson Hamish 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimTo examine the relationship of the pain severity scores with demographic variables (age, gender, and ethnicity) and with the frequency of falls, fatigue, and depression in a very large New Zealand sample of people over 65 years assessed using the Home Care International Residential Assessment Instrument.BackgroundPain is reported to be highly prevalent in older people yet it is poorly correlated with tissue damage. There is convincing evidence that it is related to depression and some evidence of its relationship with fatigue and falls.DesignThis is a cross‐sectional study examining a national cohort assessed on referral for a needs assessment for access to publicly funded service provision or support.MethodParticipants were 45,418 adults aged over 65 years referred for a mandatory needs assessment between 2012–2014. All variables analysed were drawn from the Home Care International Residential Assessment Instrument. Univariate descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample in relation to the association of severe pain with age, gender, and ethnicity and with the key variables of interest: falls, fatigue, and depression. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship of the presence or not of severe pain with the other key health‐related variables: falls, fatigue, and depression, respectively, after controlling for the presence of age, gender, and ethnicity. Odds ratios are reported to quantify the difference in risk with increasing severity of falls, fatigue, and depression.ResultsThe mean age of the cohort was 82.48 years (SD 7.48) and 48.5% of the sample reported experiencing daily pain. The rates of severe daily pain were 12%–18% with those in the 65–74 years group having the highest reported rate of severe pain (18%) and a gradual decrease in severe pain with age. After co‐varying for age, ethnicity, and gender, the presence of severe daily pain was predicted by increasing frequency of falls and fatigue and having current depression. While two‐thirds reported their pain control was adequate, a third reported that their pain control was not adequate despite adhering to a therapeutic regime.ConclusionThe study highlights how pervasive pain is in this group and its correlation with falls, fatigue, and depression. While the effect sizes were relatively small the results may be clinically significant and it may be clinically important that the presence of pain in older people could indicate the need for further nursing assessment in relation to falls, fatigue, and depression.
Association of pain ratings with the prediction of early physical recovery after general and orthopaedic surgery—A quantitative study with repeated measures
Authors: Eriksson Kerstin , Wikström Lotta , Fridlund Bengt , Årestedt Kristofer , Broström Anders 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimTo compare different levels of self‐rated pain and determine if they predict anticipated early physical recovery in patients undergoing general and orthopaedic surgery.BackgroundPrevious research has indicated that average self‐rated pain reflects patients’ ability to recover the same day. However, there is a knowledge gap about the feasibility of using average pain ratings to predict patients’ physical recovery for the next day.DesignDescriptive, quantitative repeated measures.MethodsGeneral and orthopaedic inpatients (n = 479) completed a questionnaire (October 2012–January 2015) about pain and recovery. Average pain intensity at rest and during activity was based on the Numeric Rating Scale and divided into three levels (0–3, 4–6, 7–10). Three out of five dimensions from the tool “Postoperative Recovery Profile” were used. Because few suffered severe pain, general and orthopaedic patients were analysed together.ResultsBinary logistic regression analysis showed that average pain intensity postoperative day 1 significantly predicted the impact on recovery day 2, except nausea, gastrointestinal function and bladder function when pain at rest and also nausea, appetite changes, and bladder function when pain during activity. High pain ratings (NRS 7–10) demonstrated to be a better predictor for recovery compared with moderate ratings (NRS 4–6), day 2, as it significantly predicted more items in recovery.ConclusionPain intensity reflected general and orthopaedic patients’ physical recovery postoperative day 1 and predicted recovery for day 2. By monitoring patients’ pain and impact on recovery, patients’ need for support becomes visible which is valuable during hospital stays.