bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily shifts in regulatory focus: The influence of work events and implications for employee well‐being
Authors: Koopmann Jaclyn , Lanaj Klodiana , Bono Joyce , Campana Kristie 
Published: March 2016

SummaryAlthough theory suggests that regulatory focus fluctuates within person and such fluctuations impact employee well‐being, there is little empirical investigation of such propositions. These are important research questions to address because work events may elicit within‐person fluctuations in regulatory focus, which can then affect well‐being. The primary purpose of this study is to examine specific predictors of daily regulatory focus at work and the foci's impact on employee well‐being at work and home as indicated by mood and psychosomatic complaints, respectively. We present and test an overarching theoretical framework that integrates conservation of resources theory, the cognitive‐affective processing system framework, and regulatory focus theory to delineate why and when work events affect regulatory focus and how the foci affect well‐being. Consistent with our expectations, we found that positive work events positively predicted daily promotion focus, but this effect was weaker when employees had high‐quality relationships with leaders. Furthermore, daily regulatory focus was associated with employee well‐being (mood and psychosomatic complaints) such that (i) promotion focus improved well‐being; (ii) prevention focus reduced well‐being; and (iii) the effects of promotion focus on well‐being were strongest when prevention focus was low. We discuss theoretical and practical implications and offer directions for future research. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Early results using a biodegradable magnesium screw for modified chevron osteotomies
Authors: Plaass Christian , Ettinger Sarah , Sonnow Lena , Koenneker Soeren , Noll Yvonne , Weizbauer Andreas , Reifenrath Janin , Claassen Leif , Daniilidis Kiriakos , Stukenborg‐Colsman Christina , Windhagen Henning 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThis is the first larger study analyzing the use of magnesium‐based screws for fixation of modified Chevron osteotomies in hallux valgus surgery. Forty‐four patients (45 feet) were included in this prospective study. A modified Chevron osteotomy was performed on every patient and a magnesium screw used for fixation. The mean clinical follow up was 21.4 weeks. The mean age of the patients was 45.5 years. Forty patients could be provided with the implant, in four patients the surgeon decided to change to a standard metallic implant. The AOFAS, FAAM and pain NRS‐scale improved markedly. The hallux valgus angle, intermetatarsal angle and sesamoid position improved significantly. Seven patients showed dorsal subluxation, rotation or medial shifting of the metatarsal heads within the first 3 months. One of these patients was revised, in all others the findings were considered clinically not significant or the patients refused revision. This study shows the feasibility of using magnesium screws in hallux valgus‐surgery. Surgeons starting with the use of these implants should be aware of the proper handling of these implants and should know about corrosion effects during healing and its radiographic appearance. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:2207–2214, 2016.
Population vital rates of resident and translocated female greater sage‐grouse
Authors: Gruber‐Hadden Natasha W. , Messmer Terry A. , Maxfield Brian D. , Koons David N. , Guttery Michael R. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTTranslocations have been recommended to reestablish, augment, and sustain genetic diversity in declining wildlife populations, including greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage‐grouse). Characteristics of successful sage‐grouse translocations include suitable contiguous sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), seasonal habitats surrounded by geomorphic barriers, a residual resident population, and pre‐nesting releases. From 2009 to 2010, we studied vital rates of 60 translocated and 15 resident radio‐marked female sage‐grouse and their broods on Anthro Mountain, in the Ashley National Forest, northeastern Utah, USA to determine whether translocations could augment a declining meta‐population that inhabited suitable breeding habitats in a small spatially isolated landscape. Survival rates, and nest and brood success estimates for the resident and translocated sage‐grouse we studied were lower than reported range‐wide averages. Nest success was similar for resident and translocated birds (survival estimate: 0.468, 95% CI = 0.288–0.648) and we calculated weak, yet positive relationships to grass height and grass cover. Daily survival rates for chicks 0–19 days of age for resident females in 2009 (0.904, CI = 0.875–0.940) and in 2010 (0.910, CI = 0.888–0.945) were higher than for chicks raised by translocated females (0.883, CI = 0.850–0.915; 0.892, CI = 0.856–0.936, respectively), although differences were small and all 95% confidence intervals had substantial overlap. In 2009 and 2010, daily survival rates for chick 20–50 days of age were slightly higher for chicks reared by resident females (0.980, CI = 0.963–0.994; 0.998, CI = 0.978–1.000, respectively) than chicks reared by translocated females (0.877, CI = 0.623–0.959; 0.988, CI = 0.945–0.993, respectively). Chick survival for both groups was weakly correlated with grass cover. Although most translocated birds remained on the study area (82%), the low overall survival rates we report indicate that managers need to consider factors affecting survival of adult females, nests, and chicks when planning future translocations to augment sage‐grouse meta‐populations that occupy spatially isolated and space‐limited habitats. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Roost site selection by ring‐billed and herring gulls
Authors: Clark Daniel E. , DeStefano Stephen , MacKenzie Kenneth G. , Koenen Kiana K. G. , Whitney Jillian J. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTGulls (Larus spp.) commonly roost in large numbers on inland and coastal waters, yet there is little information on how or where gulls choose sites for roosting. Roost site selection can lead to water quality degradation or aviation hazards when roosts are formed on water supply reservoirs or are close to airports. Harassment programs are frequently initiated to move or relocate roosting gulls but often have mixed results because gulls are reluctant to leave or keep returning. As such, knowledge of gull roost site selection and roosting ecology has applied and ecological importance. We used satellite telemetry and an information‐theoretic approach to model seasonal roost selection of ring‐billed (L. delawarensis) and herring gulls (L. argentatus) in Massachusetts, USA. Our results indicated that ring‐billed gulls preferred freshwater roosts and will use a variety of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Herring gulls regularly roosted on fresh water but used salt water roosts more often than ring‐billed gulls and also roosted on a variety of land habitats. Roost modeling showed that herring and ring‐billed gulls selected inland fresh water roosts based on size of the water body and proximity to their last daytime location; they selected the largest roost closest to where they ended the day. Management strategies to reduce or eliminate roosting gulls could identify and try to eliminate other habitat variables (e.g., close‐by foraging sites) that are attracting gulls before attempting to relocate or redistribute (e.g., through hazing programs) roosting birds. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Short Anabolic Peptides for Bone Growth
Authors: Amso Zaid , Cornish Jillian , Brimble Margaret A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractLoss of bone occurs in the age‐related skeletal disorder, osteoporosis, leading to bone fragility and increased incidence of fractures, which are associated with enormous costs and substantial morbidity and mortality. Recent data indicate that osteoporotic fractures are more common than other diseases, which usually attract public attention (e.g., heart attack and breast cancer). The prevention and treatment of this skeletal disorder are therefore of paramount importance. Majority of osteoporosis medications restore skeletal balance by reducing osteoclastic activity, thereby reducing bone resorption. These agents, however, do not regenerate damaged bone tissue, leaving limited options for patients once bone loss has occurred. Recently, attention has turned to bone‐anabolic agents. Such agents have the ability to increase bone mass and strength, potentially reversing structural damage. To date, only one bone‐anabolic drug is available in the market. The discovery of more novel, cost‐effective bone anabolic agents is therefore a priority to treat those suffering from this disabling condition. Short peptides offer an important alternative for the development of novel bone‐anabolic agents given their high target binding specificity, which translates into potent activity with limited side effects. This review summarizes attempts in the identification of bone‐anabolic peptides, and their development for promoting bone growth.
Free versus perforator‐pedicled propeller flaps in lower extremity reconstruction: What is the safest coverage? A meta‐analysis
Authors: Bekara Farid , Herlin Christian , Somda Serge , de Runz Antoine , Grolleau Jean Louis , Chaput Benoit 
Published: March 2016

IntroductionCurrently, increasingly reconstructive surgeon consider the failure rates of perforator propeller flaps especially in the distal third of the lower leg are too important and prefer to return to the use of free flap at first line option with failure rates frequently lower than 5%. So, we performed a systematic review with meta‐analysis comparing free flaps (perforator‐based or not) and pedicled‐propeller flaps to respond to the question “what is the safest coverage for distal third of the lower limb?”MethodsThis review was conducted according to PRISMA criteria. From 1991 to 2015, MEDLINE®, Pubmed central, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched. The pooled estimations were performed by meta‐analysis. The homogeneity Q statistic and the I2 index were computed.ResultsWe included 36 articles for free flaps (1,226 flaps) and 19 articles for pedicled‐propeller flaps (302 flaps). The overall failure rate was 3.9% [95%CI:2.6–5.3] for free flaps and 2.77% [95%CI:0.0–5.6] for pedicled‐propeller flaps (P = 0.36). The complication rates were 19.0% for free flaps and 21.4% for pedicled‐propeller flaps (P = 0.37). In more detail, we noted for free flaps versus pedicled‐propeller flaps: partial necrosis (2.70 vs. 6.88%, P = 0.001%), wound dehiscence (2.38 vs. 0.26%, P = 0.018), infection (4.45 vs. 1.22%, P = 0.009). The coverage failure rate was 5.24% [95%CI:3.68–6.81] versus 2.99% [95%CI:0.38–5.60] without significant difference (P = 0.016).ConclusionIn the lower limb the complications are not rare and many teams consider the free flaps to be safer. In this meta‐analysis we provide evidence that failure and overall complications rate of perforator propeller flaps are comparable with free flaps. Although, partial necrosis is significantly higher for pedicled‐propeller flaps than free flaps, in reality the success of coverage appears similar. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 38:109–119, 2018.
B0‐orientation dependent magnetic susceptibility‐induced white matter contrast in the human brainstem at 11.7T
Authors: Aggarwal Manisha , Kageyama Yusuke , Li Xu , van Zijl Peter C. 
Published: March 2016

PurposeTo investigate B0‐field‐orientation dependent white matter contrast in the human brainstem based on R2* and frequency difference (Δf) mapping from gradient echo (GRE) imaging at 11.7T.MethodsMulti‐echo GRE data were acquired from two fixed human brainstem specimens at multiple orientations with respect to the static B0 field. The B0‐orientation dependent modulation curves of R2* and Δf measurements between short and long echo time regimes were used to reconstruct maps of three‐dimensional (3D) white matter orientation vectors. The results were compared with maps from diffusion MRI, susceptibility tensor imaging, and histological staining of the same specimens.ResultsR2* and Δf maps demonstrated distinct and significant contrast modulation between the corticospinal tract (CST) and transverse pontine fibers (TPF) dependent on B0 orientation. Interleaved fiber orientations of the CST and TPF could be sensitively resolved based on field‐orientation‐dependent fitting of the R2* and Δf measurements. The fitted 3D orientation vector maps and peak‐to‐peak amplitude of R2* and Δf modulation exhibited close correspondence to primary eigenvector and anisotropy maps derived from diffusion MRI. The amplitude of B0‐orientation dependent R2* modulation was significantly (P < 0.005) higher in the CST compared with TPF, while fractional anisotropies were comparable.ConclusionThe findings of this study demonstrate the potential of B0‐orientation dependent susceptibility‐induced R2* and Δf contrasts to probe tract‐specific orientation and microstructure in white matter. Magn Reson Med 75:2455–2463, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preconditioning a mass‐conserving discontinuous Galerkin discretization of the Stokes equations
Authors: Adler James H. , Benson Thomas R. , MacLachlan Scott P. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryThe incompressible. Stokes equations are a widely used model of viscous or tightly confined flow in which convection effects are negligible. In order to strongly enforce the conservation of mass at the element scale, special discretization techniques must be employed. In this paper, we consider a discontinuous Galerkin approximation in which the velocity field is H(div,Ω)‐conforming and divergence‐free, based on the Brezzi, Douglas, and Marini finite‐element space, with complementary space (P0) for the pressure. Because of the saddle‐point structure and the nature of the resulting variational formulation, the linear systems can be difficult to solve. Therefore, specialized preconditioning strategies are required in order to efficiently solve these systems. We compare the effectiveness of two families of preconditioners for saddle‐point systems when applied to the resulting matrix problem. Specifically, we consider block‐factorization techniques, in which the velocity block is preconditioned using geometric multigrid, as well as fully coupled monolithic multigrid methods. We present parameter study data and a serial timing comparison, and we show that a monolithic multigrid preconditioner using Braess–Sarazin style relaxation provides the fastest time to solution for the test problem considered. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evans Syndrome at Childhood‐Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Diagnosis: A Large Multicenter Study
Authors: Lube Gabriella E. , Ferriani Mariana Paes Leme , Campos Lucia Maria Arruda , Terreri Maria Teresa , Bonfá Eloisa , Magalhães Claudia Saad , Aikawa Nadia Emi , Piotto Daniela Petry , Peracchi Octavio Augusto Bedin , dos Santos Maria Carolina , Appenzeller Simone , Ferriani Virginia Paes Leme , Pereira Rosa Maria Rodrigues , Silva Clovis Artur 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundEvans syndrome (ES) in childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) patients has been rarely reported and limited to small populations.ProceduresA retrospective multicenter cohort study (Brazilian cSLE group) was performed in 10 Pediatric Rheumatology services including 850 patients with cSLE. ES was assessed at disease diagnosis and defined by the combination of immune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.ResultsES was observed in 11 of 850 (1.3%) cSLE patients. The majority of them had hemorrhagic manifestations (91%) and active disease (82%). All patients with ES were hospitalized and none died. Comparisons of cSLE patients with and without ES at diagnosis revealed similar frequencies of female gender, multiorgan involvement, autoantibodies profile, and low complement (P > 0.05). Patients with ES had a lower frequency of malar rash (9% vs. 53%, P = 0.003) and musculoskeletal involvement (18% vs. 69%, P = 0.001) than those without this complication. The frequencies of intravenous methylprednisolone (82% vs. 43%, P = 0.013) and intravenous immunoglobulin use (64% vs. 3%, P < 0.0001) were significantly higher in the ES group, with similar current prednisone dose between groups (1.1 [0.76–1.5] vs. 1.0 mg/kg/day [0–30], P = 0.195).ConclusionsOur large multicenter study identified ES as a rare and severe initial manifestation of active cSLE with good outcome. Diagnosis is challenging due to the lack of typical signs and symptoms of lupus and the requirement to exclude infection and primary immunodeficiency.
MicroRNA alteration and putative target genes in high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer: STAT3 and ZEB1 are upregulated during prostate carcinogenesis
Authors: Cha Yoon Jin , Lee Joo Hyun , Han Hyun Ho , Kim Baek Gil , Kang Suki , Choi Young Deuk , Cho Nam Hoon 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDWe aimed to identify alteration of cancer‐related miRNAs in HGPIN and PCa, and to investigate the clinical implications of HGPIN as a precancerous lesion of PCa.METHODSClinicopathologic analysis based on the status of HGPIN was performed in 388 patients who received radical prostatectomy between January 2005 and December 2008 in Severance Hospital. Among them, 10 paired HGPIN and PCa were prepared to perform miRNA microarray and quantitative real‐time PCR. Fifty‐two prostatectomy specimens were used to further validation of protein expression that was assessed by immunohistochemical staining (IHC) in matched non‐neoplastic prostatic tissue (NPT), HGPIN, and PCa. Functional analysis was performed using a prostate normal cell line (RWPE‐1) and two prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, PC‐3) for comparison of expression of miR‐155 and STAT3 mRNA before and after treatment of miR‐155 mimetics/antagomir into each cell line.RESULTSPatients with HGPIN had significantly less lymphovascular invasion, less lymph node metastasis, lower tumor volume, lower Gleason score, lower incidence of death, and longer overall survival compared to patients without HGPIN. MiR‐155, miR‐210, miR‐153, and miR‐200c were downregulated in HGPIN and PCa in common, compared to NPT. As putative target mRNAs, mRNA expression level of STAT3, ZEB1, and BACH1 was increased in PCa and HGPIN compared to NPT. mRNA expression level of ephrin‐A3 was increased in PCa compared to NPT, and FGFRL1 was decreased in PCa compared to HGPIN and NPT. Protein expression assessed by IHC showed correlated results in STAT3, ZEB1, and ephrin‐A3. Moreover, STAT3 and ZEB1 increased in a stepwise manner, from NPT to PCa. Treatment of miR‐155 antagomir increased STAT3 mRNA expression in RWPE‐1 cells, whereas treatment of miR‐155 mimetics into PC‐3 cells significantly decreased STAT3 expression.CONCLUSIONSSTAT3 and ZEB1 could be the key molecules altered at the early stages of carcinogenesis, especially in HGPIN. Prostate 76:937–947, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ScaffoldSeq: Software for characterization of directed evolution populations
Authors: Woldring Daniel R. , Holec Patrick V. , Hackel Benjamin J. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTScaffoldSeq is software designed for the numerous applications—including directed evolution analysis—in which a user generates a population of DNA sequences encoding for partially diverse proteins with related functions and would like to characterize the single site and pairwise amino acid frequencies across the population. A common scenario for enzyme maturation, antibody screening, and alternative scaffold engineering involves naïve and evolved populations that contain diversified regions, varying in both sequence and length, within a conserved framework. Analyzing the diversified regions of such populations is facilitated by high‐throughput sequencing platforms; however, length variability within these regions (e.g., antibody CDRs) encumbers the alignment process. To overcome this challenge, the ScaffoldSeq algorithm takes advantage of conserved framework sequences to quickly identify diverse regions. Beyond this, unintended biases in sequence frequency are generated throughout the experimental workflow required to evolve and isolate clones of interest prior to DNA sequencing. ScaffoldSeq software uniquely handles this issue by providing tools to quantify and remove background sequences, cluster similar protein families, and dampen the impact of dominant clones. The software produces graphical and tabular summaries for each region of interest, allowing users to evaluate diversity in a site‐specific manner as well as identify epistatic pairwise interactions. The code and detailed information are freely available at http://research.cems.umn.edu/hackel. Proteins 2016; 84:869–874. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation of graphene layers on electrodeposited polycrystalline metals
Authors: Nobili L. , Magagnin L. , Bernasconi R. , Livolsi F. , Pedrazzetti L. , Lucotti A. , Balijepalli S.K. , Mezzi A. , Kaciulis S. , Montanari R. 
Published: March 2016

Nowadays, many different methods are used to produce graphene. Electrochemical techniques represent a low‐cost and versatile route to deposit metals, although the characterization of graphene grown on electrochemically deposited polycrystalline metals is still in its infancy.In this work, several metal substrates were prepared by electrochemical processes and then covered with graphene layers grown by CVD. Free‐standing foils of Cu and Ni‐Cu alloy (20 wt.% of Cu) were prepared by electroforming, while a pure Ni film was obtained by galvanic displacement on a Si wafer. The thickness of Ni film on Si wafer was about 0.7 µm, whereas the Ni‐Cu foils were much thicker (12 µm). The characterization of the graphene films was performed by using Raman spectroscopy, XPS and AES. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Concise Review: Apoptotic Cell-Based Therapies–Rationale, Preclinical Results and Future Clinical Developments
Authors: Saas Philippe , Daguindau Etienne , Perruche Sylvain 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe objectives of this review are to summarize the experimental data obtained using apoptotic cell-based therapies, and then to discuss future clinical developments. Indeed, apoptotic cells exhibit immunomodulatory properties that are reviewed here by focusing on more recent mechanisms. These immunomodulatory mechanisms are in particular linked to the clearance of apoptotic cells (called also efferocytosis) by phagocytes, such as macrophages, and the induction of regulatory T cells. Thus, apoptotic cell-based therapies have been used to prevent or treat experimental inflammatory diseases. Based on these studies, we have identified critical steps to design future clinical trials. This includes: the administration route, the number and schedule of administration, the appropriate apoptotic cell type to be used, as well as the apoptotic signal. We also have analyzed the clinical relevancy of apoptotic-cell-based therapies in experimental models. Additional experimental data are required concerning the treatment of inflammatory diseases (excepted for sepsis) before considering future clinical trials. In contrast, apoptotic cells have been shown to favor engraftment and to reduce acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in different relevant models of transplantation. This has led to the conduct of a phase 1/2a clinical trial to alleviate GvHD. The absence of toxic effects obtained in this trial may support the development of other clinical studies based on this new cell therapy.