bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coupling Activity‐Based Detection, Target Amplification, Colorimetric and Fluorometric Signal Amplification, for Quantitative Chemosensing of Fluoride Generated from Nerve Agents
Authors: Sun Xiaolong , Reuther James F. , Phillips Scott T. , Anslyn Eric V. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe G‐class nerve agents, which include sarin, soman, and cyclosarin, react readily with nucleophilic reagents to produce fluoride. Thus, a chemosensing protocol has been designed for these agents that pairs the nucleophilic reactivity of oximates for generating fluoride with an autoinductive target amplification reaction to amplify the quantity of fluoride for facile colorimetric and fluorescent optical quantification. The chemosensing protocol was demonstrated by using the nerve agent surrogate diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) and benzaldoxime as the nucleophile. Autoinductive fluoride amplification responds to fluoride released from DFP by amplifying the fluoride concentration and a yellow reporter molecule. The reporter is a conjugated oligomer with a nominal repeating unit that originates from 4‐aminobenzaldehyde. Exposure of the amplified fluoride to a fluoride‐specific ratiometric fluorescent reporter provides a fluorescent readout, in which three fluorophores are generated per fluoride. Both colorimetric and fluorescent readouts enable quantitative assays with low micromolar limits of detection for fluoride resulting from DFP. More importantly, this work demonstrates the successful merging of multiple complex reactions for achieving selective, sensitive, and quantitative chemosensing.
Pentagonal Bipyramid FeII Complexes: Robust Ising‐Spin Units towards Heteropolynuclear Nanomagnets
Authors: Bar Arun Kumar , Gogoi Nayanmoni , Pichon Céline , Goli V. M. L. Durga Prasad , Thlijeni Mehrez , Duhayon Carine , Suaud Nicolas , Guihéry Nathalie , Barra Anne‐Laure , Ramasesha S. , Sutter Jean‐Pascal 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPentagonal bipyramid FeII complexes have been investigated to evaluate their potential as Ising‐spin building units for the preparation of heteropolynuclear complexes that are likely to behave as single‐molecule magnets (SMMs). The considered monometallic complexes were prepared from the association of a divalent metal ion with pentadentate ligands that have a 2,6‐diacetylpyridine bis(hydrazone) core (H2LN3O2R). Their magnetic anisotropy was established by magnetometry to reveal their zero‐field splitting (ZFS) parameter D, which ranged between −4 and −13 cm−1 and was found to be modulated by the apical ligands (ROH versus Cl). The alteration of the D value by N‐bound axial CN ligands, upon association with cyanometallates, was also assessed for heptacoordinated FeII as well as for related NiII and CoII derivatives. In all cases, N‐coordinated cyanide ligands led to large magnetic anisotropy (i.e., −8 to −18 cm−1 for Fe and Ni, +33 cm−1 for Co). Ab initio calculations were performed on three FeII complexes, which enabled one to rationalize the role of the ligand on the nature and magnitude of the magnetic anisotropy. Starting from the pre‐existing heptacoordinated complexes, a series of pentanuclear compounds were obtained by reactions with paramagnetic [W(CN)8]3−. Magnetic studies revealed the occurrence of ferromagnetic interactions between the spin carriers in all the heterometallic systems. Field‐induced slow magnetic relaxation was observed for mononuclear FeII complexes (Ueff/kB up to 53 K (37 cm−1), τ0=5×10−9 s), and SMM behavior was evidenced for a heteronuclear [Fe3W2] derivative (Ueff/kB=35 K and τ0=4.6 10−10 s), which confirmed that the parent complexes were robust Ising‐type building units. High‐field EPR spectroscopic investigation of the ZFS parameters for a Ni derivative is also reported.
Cost‐effectiveness of sentinel node biopsy and pathological ultrastaging in patients with early‐stage cervical cancer
Authors: Brar Harinder , Hogen Liat , Covens Al 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to determine the cost‐effectiveness of radical hysterectomy (RH) and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for the management of early‐stage cervical cancer (stage IA2‐IB1).METHODSA simple decision tree model was developed to follow a simulated cohort of patients with early‐stage cervical cancer treated with RH and 1 of 3 lymph node assessment strategies: systematic pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND), SLNB using technetium 99 (Tc99) and blue dye, and SLNB using Tc99 only. SLNB using indocyanine green (ICG) was used as an exploratory strategy. Relevant studies were identified to extract the probability data and utility parameters and to estimate quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs) and absolute life‐years (ALYs). Only direct medical costs were modeled, and the time horizon for the study was 5 years.RESULTSSLNB using Tc99 and blue dye cost $21,089 and yielded 4.54 QALYs and 4.90 ALYs. PLND cost $22,353 and yielded 4.47 QALYs and 4.91 ALYs. SLNB using blue dye and Tc99 was the most cost‐effective strategy when ALYs were considered with an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $144,531. When QALYs were considered, the SLNB technique using Tc99 and blue dye dominated all other strategies. SLNB using ICG cost $20,624 and yielded 4.90 ALYs and 4.54 QALYs. It was clinically superior to and less expensive than all other strategies when QALYs were the outcome of interest and had an ICER of $221,171 per ALY in comparison with RH plus PLND.CONCLUSIONSSLNB using Tc99 and blue dye with ultrastaging is considered the most cost‐effective strategy with respect to 5‐year progression‐free survival and morbidity‐free survival. Although it was included only as an exploratory strategy in this study, SLNB with ICG has the potential to be the most cost‐effective strategy. Cancer 2017;123:1751–1759. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Age, hepatitis C virus infection, and the risk of cancer: Unlocking a complex puzzle of interactions
Authors: Li Daneng , Hurria Arti 
Published: January 2017

Hepatitis C infection may increase the risk of various malignancies among older adults. A better understanding of the complex biology of the aging process and hepatitis C infection may help to unlock an important piece of the puzzle in the world of cancer development.See also pages 1202‐11.
Hepatitis C virus infection and the risk of cancer among elderly US adults: A registry‐based case‐control study
Authors: Mahale Parag , Torres Harrys A. , Kramer Jennifer R. , Hwang Lu‐Yu , Li Ruosha , Brown Eric L. , Engels Eric A. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and subtypes of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Associations with other cancers are not established. The authors systematically assessed associations between HCV infection and cancers in the US elderly population.METHODSThis was a registry‐based case‐control study using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare data in US adults aged ≥66 years. Cases (n = 1,623,538) were patients who had first cancers identified in SEER registries (1993‐2011). Controls (n = 200,000) were randomly selected, cancer‐free individuals who were frequency‐matched to cases on age, sex, race, and calendar year. Associations with HCV (documented by Medicare claims) were determined using logistic regression.RESULTSHCV prevalence was higher in cases than in controls (0.7% vs 0.5%). HCV was positively associated with cancers of the liver (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 31.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 29.0‐34.3), intrahepatic bile duct (aOR, 3.40; 95% CI, 2.52‐4.58), extrahepatic bile duct (aOR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.41‐2.57), pancreas (aOR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.09‐1.40), and anus (aOR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.42‐2.73); nonmelanoma nonepithelial skin cancer (aOR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.15‐2.04); myelodysplastic syndrome (aOR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.33‐1.83); and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (aOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.34‐1.84). Specific skin cancers associated with HCV were Merkel cell carcinoma (aOR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.30‐2.85) and appendageal skin cancers (aOR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.29‐3.16). Inverse associations were observed with uterine cancer (aOR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.51‐0.80) and prostate cancer (aOR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.66‐0.82). Associations were maintained in sensitivity analyses conducted among individuals without documented alcohol abuse, cirrhosis, or hepatitis B or human immunodeficiency virus infections and after adjustment for socioeconomic status. Associations of HCV with other cancers were not observed.CONCLUSIONSHCV is associated with increased risk of cancers other than HCC in the US elderly population, notably bile duct cancers and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. These results support a possible etiologic role for HCV in an expanded group of cancers. Cancer 2017;123:1202–1211. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Cytogenetic risk determines outcomes after allogeneic transplantation in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia in their second complete remission: A Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research cohort analysis
Authors: Michelis Fotios V. , Gupta Vikas , Zhang Mei‐Jie , Wang Hai‐Lin , Aljurf Mahmoud , Bacher Ulrike , Beitinjaneh Amer , Chen Yi‐Bin , DeFilipp Zachariah , Gale Robert Peter , Kebriaei Partow , Kharfan‐Dabaja Mohamed , Lazarus Hillard M. , Nishihori Taiga , Olsson Richard F. , Oran Betul , Rashidi Armin , Rizzieri David A. , Tallman Martin S. , de Lima Marcos , Khoury H. Jean , Sandmaier Brenda M. , Weisdorf Daniel , Saber Wael ,   for the Acute Leukemia Working Committee of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, aresearch collaboration between the National Marrow Donor Program/Be the Match Registry and theMedicalCollegeofWisconsin
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDAllogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) offers curative potential to a number of older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in their first complete remission. However, there are limited data in the literature concerning post‐HCT outcomes for older patients in their second complete remission (CR2).METHODSThe purpose of the current study was to retrospectively investigate within the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research database parameters influencing posttransplant outcomes for patients 60 years of age or older undergoing HCT for AML in CR2.RESULTSIn total, 196 patients from 78 centers were identified; the median age was 64 years (range, 60‐78 years). Seventy‐one percent had a Karnofsky performance status ≥ 90 at the time of HCT. Reduced‐intensity conditioning regimens were used in 159 patients (81%). A univariate analysis demonstrated a 3‐year overall survival (OS) rate of 42% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35%‐49%), a leukemia‐free survival rate of 37% (95% CI, 30%‐44%), a cumulative incidence of nonrelapse mortality of 25% (95% CI, 19%‐32%), and a cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) of 38% (95% CI, 31%‐45%). A multivariate analysis demonstrated that cytogenetic risk was the only independent risk factor for OS (P = .023) with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.14 (95% CI, 0.59‐2.19) for intermediate‐risk cytogenetics and an HR of 2.32 (95% CI, 1.05‐5.14) for unfavorable‐risk cytogenetics. For CIR, cytogenetic risk was also the only independent prognostic factor (P = .01) with an HR of 1.10 (95% CI, 0.47‐2.56) for intermediate‐risk cytogenetics and an HR of 2.98 (95% CI, 1.11‐8.00) for unfavorable‐risk cytogenetics.CONCLUSIONSAllogeneic HCT is a curative treatment option for older patients with AML in CR2, particularly for those with favorable or intermediate cytogenetic risk. Cancer 2017;123:2035–2042. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Connectivity and ultrastructure of dopaminergic innervation of the inner ear and auditory efferent system of a vocal fish
Authors: Perelmuter Jonathan T. , Forlano Paul M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDopamine (DA) is a conserved modulator of vertebrate neural circuitry, yet our knowledge of its role in peripheral auditory processing is limited to mammals. The present study combines immunohistochemistry, neural tract tracing, and electron microscopy to investigate the origin and synaptic characteristics of DA fibers innervating the inner ear and the hindbrain auditory efferent nucleus in the plainfin midshipman, a vocal fish that relies upon the detection of mate calls for reproductive success. We identify a DA cell group in the diencephalon as a common source for innervation of both the hindbrain auditory efferent nucleus and saccule, the main hearing endorgan of the inner ear. We show that DA terminals in the saccule contain vesicles but transmitter release appears paracrine in nature, due to the apparent lack of synaptic contacts. In contrast, in the hindbrain, DA terminals form traditional synaptic contacts with auditory efferent neuronal cell bodies and dendrites, as well as unlabeled axon terminals, which, in turn, form inhibitory‐like synapses on auditory efferent somata. Our results suggest a distinct functional role for brain‐derived DA in the direct and indirect modulation of the peripheral auditory system of a vocal nonmammalian vertebrate.
Crystal Origami: Preparation of β‐Ag2MoO4 Concave and Convex Crystals with High‐Index Facets
Authors: Ng Choon Hwee Bernard , Fan Wai Yip 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBy tuning the supersaturation during crystal growth, β‐Ag2MoO4 concave and convex crystals have been prepared with high‐index facets and a variety of morphologies, including {100}‐faceted cubes, {310}‐faceted concave cubes, {110}‐faceted octopods, {311}‐faceted trapezohedrons (TPH) and {331}‐faceted trisoctahedrons (TOH). The resulting suite of uniform crystals with well‐defined shapes enabled photocatalytic studies on Ag2MoO4.
Analysis of multipoint transmission at higher frequencies using 3‐D ray tracing
Authors: Sheikh Muhammad Usman , Lempiäinen Jukka 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThe target of this article is to analyze the impact of multipoint transmission e.g. joint transmission (JT) in an outdoor microcellular environment at 15 and 28 GHz frequency through simulations. The impact of the JT threshold i.e. the threshold for switching between the single and multipoint transmission mode is also analyzed in this article. For this research activity, a “sAGA” MATLAB based 3‐D ray tracing tool is used for the simulation purpose. The received signal power and throughput are used as a performance metrics for the analysis. The simulation results show that the JT from two transmission ports provides up to 12.46% and 17.78% of relative throughput gain with respect to the transmission from single port at 15 and 28 GHz, respectively. The multipoint transmission with certain decibels (dBs) of JT threshold is found to be more efficient compared with the undefined JT threshold. In the light of simulation results, the JT is found as a promising technique for compensating the propagation loss at higher frequencies, and especially in a critical handover region the multipoint transmission helps in making a smooth handover.
Plastic response by a small cervid to supplemental feeding in winter across a wide environmental gradient
Authors: Ossi Federico , Gaillard Jean‐Michel , Hebblewhite Mark , Morellet Nicolas , Ranc Nathan , Sandfort Robin , Kroeschel Max , Kjellander Petter , Mysterud Atle , Linnell John D. C. , Heurich Marco , Soennichsen Leif , Sustr Pavel , Berger Anne , Rocca Michele , Urbano Ferdinando , Cagnacci Francesca 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSupplemental feeding for ungulates is a widespread practice in many human‐dominated landscapes across Europe and North America, mainly intended to seasonally support populations. Surprisingly, little consideration was given so far to the effect of supplemental feeding on ungulate spatial ecology at a large scale, in management and conservation studies. Analyses of the main ecological drivers influencing the use of supplemental feeding sites by ungulates across a gradient of abiotic and biotic factors are currently lacking. We conducted a large‐scale assessment of ecological and management drivers of use of feeding station sites in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), a small cervid widely distributed across Europe that is particularly sensitive to winter severity. We tested four competing hypotheses by comparing the time spent at feeding station sites by 180 individual Global Positioning System‐collared roe deer from nine populations spanning a wide latitudinal and altitudinal gradient. We found that roe deer used feeding station sites highly opportunistically in response to winter severity across its range. The harshest weather conditions at the northern range limit or the highest elevations provoked an intense use of feeding station sites, which typically peaked at the end of winter, in accordance with the adverse weather and nutritional condition hypotheses. Consistently, milder winters corresponded to a reduced and/or more homogeneous use of supplemental feeding. In general, intensively used feeding station sites heavily conditioned spatial behavior of roe deer. Importantly, biotic factors such as the presence of competitors decreased roe deer use of supplemental feeding station sites. Our results emphasize the importance of this human‐induced alteration to resource distribution, especially in the context of the rapidly occurring climate change that is modifying resource availability for ungulate populations.
Capillary electrophoresis analysis of N‐glycosylation changes of serum paraproteins in multiple myeloma
Authors: Kovacs Zsuzsanna , Simon Adam , Szabo Zoltan , Nagy Zsolt , Varoczy Laszlo , Pal Ildiko , Csanky Eszter , Guttman Andras 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is an immedicable malignancy of the human plasma cells producing abnormal antibodies (also referred to as paraproteins) leading to kidney problems and hyperviscosity syndrome. In this paper, we report on the N‐glycosylation analysis of paraproteins from total human serum as well as the fragment crystallizable region (Fc) and fragment antigen binding (Fab) κ/λ light chain fractions of papain digested immunoglobulins from multiple myeloma patients. CE‐LIF detection was used for the analysis of the N‐glycans after endoglycosidase (PNGase F) mediated sugar release and fluorophore labeling (APTS). While characteristic N‐glycosylation pattern differences were found between normal control and untreated, treated and remission stage multiple myeloma patient samples at the global serum level, less distinctive changes were observed at the immunoglobulin level. Principal component analysis adequately differentiated the four groups (control and three patient groups) on the basis of total serum N‐glycosylation analysis. 12 N‐glycan features showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05) among various stages of the disease in comparison to the control at the serum level, while only six features were identified with similar significance at the immunoglobulin level, including the analysis of the partitioned Fc fragment as well as the Fabκ and Fabλ chains.
Effects of sand content on initial gravel motion in gravel‐bed rivers
Authors: Miwa Hiroshi , Parker Gary 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWhen fine sediments are present in gravel streambeds (gravel‐framework beds), the gravel can be more easily removed from its original position, compared with gravel in a streambed without fine sediment but otherwise under the same hydraulic conditions. In this study, the effect of the presence of sand on the initiation of gravel motion in gravel riverbeds was investigated using flume experiments. The relationship between the critical Shields stress for gravel motion initiation and the fraction of sand in the bed was determined experimentally. The results can be summarized as follows. (1) When the fraction of sand in the bed is smaller than about 0.4, the critical Shields stress for the initiation of gravel motion decreases with increasing fraction of sand. The critical Shields stress increases, however, with increasing fraction of sand when it is larger than about 0.4. (2) The difference between the value of the critical Shields stress predicted by the Egiazaroff equation and the value obtained from the experimental data becomes maximum at about 0.4 of the fraction of sand. Here an empirical relation between the critical Shields stress and the fraction of sand is proposed so as to consider the effects of the ratio of the characteristic gravel size to the mean size of the bed material on the critical Shields stress. (3) Gravel in armored beds can be more easily mobilized by supplying sand as part of a sediment augmentation scheme. The sand fraction in the subsurface layer of the bed appears to reduce the friction angle of exposed particles. Sediment augmentation using sand has been recently demonstrated to be a viable alternative for mobilizing gravel for the restoration of gravel‐bed rivers downstream of dams. The quantitative evaluation obtained through the experiments reported here may be useful for the design of augmentation schemes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multimodal investigation of triple network connectivity in patients with 22q11DS and association with executive functions
Authors: Padula Maria C. , Schaer Marie , Scariati Elisa , Maeder Johanna , Schneider Maude , Eliez Stephan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLarge‐scale brain networks play a prominent role in cognitive abilities and their activity is impaired in psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. Patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) are at high risk of developing schizophrenia and present similar cognitive impairments, including executive functions deficits. Thus, 22q11DS represents a model for the study of neural biomarkers associated with schizophrenia. In this study, we investigated structural and functional connectivity within and between the Default Mode (DMN), the Central Executive (CEN), and the Saliency network (SN) in 22q11DS using resting‐state fMRI and DTI. Furthermore, we investigated if triple network impairments were related to executive dysfunctions or the presence of psychotic symptoms. Sixty‐three patients with 22q11DS and sixty‐eighty controls (age 6–33 years) were included in the study. Structural connectivity between main nodes of DMN, CEN, and SN was computed using probabilistic tractography. Functional connectivity was computed as the partial correlation between the time courses extracted from each node. Structural and functional connectivity measures were then correlated to executive functions and psychotic symptom scores. Our results showed mainly reduced structural connectivity within the CEN, DMN, and SN, in patients with 22q11DS compared with controls as well as reduced between‐network connectivity. Functional connectivity appeared to be more preserved, with impairments being evident only within the DMN. Structural connectivity impairments were also related to executive dysfunctions. These findings show an association between triple network structural alterations and executive deficits in patients with the microdeletion, suggesting that 22q11DS and schizophrenia share common psychopathological mechanisms. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2177–2189, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.