bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stakeholders’ perceptions towards patients’ participation in promoting hand hygiene among health care workers in Wakiso district, Uganda
Authors: Buregyeya Esther , Atusingwize Edwinah , Nuwematsiko Rebecca , Mugambe Richard K. , Ssekamatte Tonny , Tenywa Ronald , Twinomugisha Fred , Yakub Habib , Moe Christine 
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Hand hygiene compliance is one of the key performance indicators for infection prevention and control programmes, patient safety and quality of health services. WHO guidelines and the patient centred approach stress the need to increase patient involvement in hand hygiene promotion in healthcare settings. Patients’ and health care workers’ perspectives are critical for developing interventions to foster patient involvement in promoting hand hygiene. This study explored perceptions of health care workers and patients towards patients’ involvement in hand hygiene promotion.

Methods
An exploratory qualitative study was conducted in four health facilities: three public, and one private non-profit in central Uganda. We conducted key informant interviews (KIIs) with health care workers and focus group discussions (FGDs) with patients. Respondents were asked their views about a patient reminding a health care worker to practice hand hygiene and how best this can be done. Interviews were audio-recorded, and transcribed. Thematic content analysis was used.

Results
We led seven FGDs grouped by sex (6 participants each), with patients from different units of the study health care facilities and 23 KIIs with the in-charges of the health care facilities, wards, and infection control committee members. The majority of the KIIs were in the age category 30 to 45 years (10/23), females (14/23), and 7/23 were nurses by cadre. For the FGD participants, the majority were aged 30 to 45 years (23/42), 24/42 were females, 21/42 had attained secondary education as their highest level of education and 21/42 were Catholics. The health care workers’ and patients’ views towards patients’ participation in promoting hand hygiene among health care workers are presented according to the four themes that emerged: i) Patients reminding health care workers to practice hand hygiene was offensive; ii) Patients fear of negative response from health care workers, including being denied or receiving poor quality services; iii) Role of management in influencing hand hygiene (patient reminding a health care workers to wash hands could be acceptable in private health facilities compared to the public ones); iv) Suggestions on how patients’ reminders to health care workers can be done, included empowering patients to do the reminders in a friendly and polite approach to the HCW.

Conclusion
Patients are reluctant to remind health workers to practice hand hygiene, because they feel it is confrontational and embarrassing, while health care workers find it offensive. Patient involvement seems to threaten patient-provider relationships. However patient empowerment was reported to be critical in promoting it and this is in-line with the hand hygiene guidelines.
Chronic Ischemic Gastritis in a Patient With a History of Cancer and Atherosclerotic Disease
Authors: Parisi Ignazio Marzio , Vattiato Claudia , Caramia Vitantonio , Sottotetti Federico , Ciarfella Antonio , Vjero Katerina 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Chronic mesenteric ischemia is an uncommon disease presenting with nonspecific symptoms. The large number of differential diagnoses may result in diagnostic delays and progression to acute mesenteric ischemia. A 74-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer and carotid atherosclerosis complained of postprandial abdominal pain, vomiting, and weight loss. Endoscopic examination showed active chronic gastritis Helicobacter pylori negative. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed stenosis in the mesenteric arterial district. Chronic gastritis resistant to treatment in a patient complaining of postprandial abdominal pain and weight loss should be investigated for chronic mesenteric ischemia, although history of cancer could be a misleading factor.
Penetralan pH Air Asam Tambang Menggunakan Metode Pasif Open Limestone Channel dengan Penambahan Fly Ash, Zeolite, dan Pasir Silika Pada Pengujian Skala Laboratorium
Authors: Ananda Rizky , HAR Rusli , Prabowo Heri , Rahman Harizona Aulia 
Published: October 2024

Air Asam Tambang memiliki pH yang rendah dengan kandungan logam terlarut yang tinggi. Kondisi ini apabila tidak dilakukan pengelolaan akan memberikan dampak buruk bagi lingkungan, seperti turunnya kualitas air sungai sehingga mengganggu ekosistem sungai terutama. Untuk itu penelitian ini perlu dilakukan dengan berfokus pada upaya penetralan pH air asam tambang atau air tambang dengan memanfaatkan cara pengelolaan pasif yaitu saluran kapur terbuka batu kapur (Open Limestone Channel) dengan memodifikasi melalui penambahan beberapa bahan yang dianggap mampu menetralkan pH berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya seperti pencampuran air asam tambang dengan fly ash, penambahan zeolit pada saluran open limestone channel, dan pemanfaatan pasir silika sebagai penyaring air sehingga dapat meningkatkan pH air yang ada. Nilai pH awal air asam tambang yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan pH 3,75, dan dari hasil pengujian yang dilakukan diperoleh nilai rata-rata pH akhir sebesar 6,59 dan efisiensi peningkatan pH dari pH awal pada setiap pengujiannya dengan rata-rata 76%.
Equiangular lines in ℂ3
Authors: Et-Taoui Boumediene , Lehbab Imène , Makhlouf Abdenacer 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A p-set of equiangular lines in ℂ3 is a set of p lines spanning ℂ3 each pair of which has the same nonzero angle arccos c, where 0 < c < 1. It is known that via a real matrix representation, a pair of lines in ℝ3
with angle arccos c yields a pair of isoclinic planes in ℝ6 with angle arccos c. In this article we characterize all p-tuples of equi-isoclinic planes in ℝ6 which come via our real matrix representation from p-tuples of equiangular lines in ℂ3. More precisely, we describe quadruples, quintuples up to nine-tuples of equiangular lines in ℂ3.
The challenge of thigh tendon reinjuries: an expert opinion
Authors: Palermi Stefano , Vittadini Filippo , Pasta Giulio , Zappia Marcello , Corsini Alessandro , Pedret Carles , Vergani Luca , Leo Italo , Nanni Gianni , Vecchiato Marco , Demeco Andrea , Belviso Immacolata , Sirico Felice , Jokela Aleksi , Lempainen Lasse 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This review critically examines the issue of thigh tendon reinjury in athletes, drawing on recent advancements and diverse perspectives in sports medicine. The findings underscore the paramount importance of an early and accurate diagnosis, which significantly influences treatment efficacy and rehabilitation outcomes. We explore the intricacies of tendon anatomy and the mechanisms underlying injuries, highlighting how these factors interplay with athlete-specific risk profiles to affect reinjury rates. A major finding from the review is the necessity for individualized rehabilitation approaches that integrate both traditional methods and emerging technologies. These technologies show promise in enhancing monitoring and facilitating precise adjustments to rehabilitation protocols, thus improving recovery trajectories. Additionally, the review identifies a common shortfall in current practices – premature to play (RTP) – which often results from inadequate adherence to tailored rehabilitation strategies or underestimation of the injury’s severity. Such premature RTP significantly heightens the risk of further injury. Through this synthesis of contemporary research and expert opinion, the review advocates for a multidisciplinary approach in managing thigh tendon injuries, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to refine RTP criteria and optimize rehabilitation techniques. The ultimate goal is to support athletes in achieving safer and more effective recoveries, thereby reducing the likelihood of tendon reinjury.
Prospective and retrospective causal inferences based on the potential outcome framework
Authors: Geng Zhi , Zhang Chao , Wang Xueli , Liu Chunchen , Wei Shaojie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this article, we discuss both prospective and retrospective causal inferences, building on Neyman’s potential outcome framework. For prospective causal inference, we review criteria for confounders and surrogates to avoid the Yule–Simpson paradox and the surrogate paradox, respectively. For retrospective causal inference, we introduce the concepts of posterior causal effects given observed evidence to quantify the causes of effects. The posterior causal effects provide a unified framework for deducing both effects of causes in prospective causal inference and causes of effects in retrospective causal inference. We compare the medical diagnostic approaches based on Bayesian posterior probabilities and posterior causal effects for classification and attribution.
NSUN6 and HTR7 disturbed the stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaques by regulating the immune responses of macrophages
Authors: Jin Tingyu , Gao Han , Meng Danyang , Luo Man , Hu Jin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis is globally named atherothrombotic stroke. Presently, the underlying pathogenic genes promoting carotid atherosclerotic plaques transfer from a stable to unstable state remains elusive. This study aims to find the hub genes disturbing the stability of plaques and explore the primary cells affected by these hub genes.

Methods
The optimal hub genes from five datasets for unstable plaques were identified by overlapping genes derived from Boruta and LASSO algorithms. The hub genes’ expression levels in stroke patients were confirmed through RT-qPCR. Visualization of the hub genes’ expression across various cell clusters was achieved with the aid of the Seurat R package. Then, hub genes were overexpressed or knock-down by lentivirus and siRNA, respectively. The inflammatory factors in the culture medium were detected using an ELISA assay.

Results
Eight genes (APOD, ASXL1, COL4A5, HTR7, INF2, NSUN6, PDSS2, and RBBP7) were identified and confirmed by RT-qPCR. The prognostic model was built upon this eight-gene composite foundation, and the area under the curve was 0.98. Based on CIBERSORT findings, unstable plaques displayed a higher macrophage proportion compared to stable ones (P < 0.05). These eight genes also correlated with infiltrated immune cells, especially macrophages. Then, according to single-cell RNA-seq analysis, we found that the eight hub genes mainly expressed in macrophages. The cellular localization of two hub genes (NSUN6 and HTR7) with high distinguishability was confirmed, and gene set enrichment analysis also clarified the possible biological pathways regulated by them. The findings from the in vitro investigation revealed that TNF-α and IL-6 were reduced in macrophages with NSUN6 overexpression or HTR7 knockdown.

Conclusion
Eight hub genes, especially NSUN6 and HTR7, were found to promote the progression of plaques by regulating the immune responses of macrophages.
The acoustic characteristics of Swedish vowels
Authors: Persson Anna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Swedish vowel space is relatively densely populated with 21 categories that differ in quality and quantity. Existing descriptions of the entire space rest on recordings made in the late 1990s or earlier, while recent work in general has focused on subsets of the space. The present paper reports on static and dynamic acoustic analyses of the entire vowel space using a recently released database of h-VOWEL-d words (SwehVd). The results highlight the importance of static and dynamic spectral and temporal cues for Swedish vowel category distinction. The first two formants and vowel duration are the primary acoustic cues to vowel identity, however, the third formant contributes to increased category separability for neighboring contrasts presumed to differ in lip-rounding. In addition, even though all long-short vowel pairs differ systematically in duration, they also display considerable spectral differences, suggesting that quantity distinctions are not separate from quality distinctions in Swedish. The dynamic analysis further suggests formant movements in both long and short vowels, with [e:] and [o:] displaying clearer patterns of diphthongization.
Arsenic Pigments in Libraries – Testing Methods, Contaminated Spaces, and Occupational Safety Measures
Authors: Wetten Juliana , Pataki-Hundt Andrea , Deering Katharina , Börngen Marlen , Presslmayr Daniel , Spiegel Elise , Flock Hannah , Blumenroth Diana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Arsenic-containing pigments in library materials are a source of danger for institutional staff, conservators, scientists, and users. In a research project, the Bonn University and State Library and the Cologne University of Applied Sciences analysed the handling of arsenic in library materials. Over 300 volumes with suspicious green book components were analysed using both XRF and Raman spectroscopy, with arsenic compounds being detected in around half of them. A rapid test based on bromide test strips and the MQuant® test were then evaluated. The MQuant® test proved to be more useful. Dust tests at various locations in the library stacks detected arsenic concentrations that were above the permissible guideline values. In addition to arsenic, other heavy metals like lead and mercury were also detected. The secondary contamination of books standing next to arsenic-containing bindings was investigated further, showing positive results for arsenic on most of the books tested. The cause of this secondary contamination could not be discerned. The results of this study show that a precise occupational safety-based risk assessment in accordance with the (S)TOP principle, the drafting of work instructions and, above all, thorough hygiene measures are necessary. The cleaning of library rooms and hygiene standards should be pursued consistently and should be taken as seriously as the detection of arsenic compounds.
АЛГОРИТМЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КАРТ СЕГМЕНТАЦИИ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ ИЗ СУПЕРПИКСЕЛЕЙ НА ОСНОВЕ КОМБИНИРОВАННОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ МЕРЫ КАЧЕСТВА
Authors: Д.М. МУРАШОВ 
Published: October 2024

Предлагаются новые алгоритмы объединения суперпикселей в сегменты с использованием «жадной» стратегии и комбинированной меры качества, которая включает две компоненты: меру информационной избыточности и вариацию информации. «Жадная» стратегия применялась автором ранее для ускорения сегментации изображений из условия минимума информационной избыточности, а двухкомпонентная информационная мера качества использовалась в задаче комбинирования различных карт сегментации. Совместное использование «жадной» стратегии и комбинированной меры качества в новых алгоритмах направлено на ускорение формирования карт сегментации и повышение их качества за счёт компромисса между требованиями минимизации количества выделенных информационно важных сегментов и минимизации информационного различия между оригинальными изображениями и сформированными разбиениями. Вычислительный эксперимент на тестовых изображениях показал, что предлагаемые алгоритмы позволяют ускорить процесс сегментации по сравнению с методом на основе минимизации информационной избыточности, применявшимся ранее автором, и улучшить информационные характеристики полученных карт сегментации.
This work proposes new algorithms for combining superpixels into segments using a “greedy” strategy and a combined quality measure that includes two components: a measure of information redundancy and variation of information. The “greedy” strategy was previously used by the author to speed up image segmentation from the condition of minimum information redundancy, and a two-component information quality measure was used in the problem of combining different segmentation maps. The joint use of the “greedy” strategy and the combined quality measure in new algorithms is aimed at accelerating the generation of segmentation maps and improving their quality through a compromise between the requirements of minimizing the number of informationally important segments and minimizing the information difference between the original images and the generated partitions. A computational experiment on test images shows that the proposed algorithms can speed up the segmentation process compared to the method based on minimizing information redundancy previously used by the author and improve the information characteristics of the resulting segmentation maps.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕТОДА ВЗАИМНОЙ КОРРЕЛЯЦИИ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ ДЛЯ РАСЧЁТА КООРДИНАТ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ ОБЪЕКТОВ КРУГЛОЙ ФОРМЫ И ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ИХ РАЗМЕРОВ
Authors: А.А. ГОЛИЦЫН , С.А. ГОЛИЦЫН , Н.А. СЕЙФИ 
Published: October 2024

Предложена методика вычисления координаты положения круглого объекта на изображении и его диаметра. В основе методики лежит вычисление значений взаимных корреляций фрагмента анализируемого изображения с несколькими характерными изображениями-эталонами, чтобы одновременно определить, и какой эталон, и какое его смещение относительно исследуемого фрагмента являются наиболее подходящими. Методика позволяет не только вычислить размер и координаты, но и определить фактическое отсутствие объекта в поле зрения. Показана её реализуемость и практическая применимость на примере алгоритма анализа мест сварки проволочных соединений на поверхности полупроводников с характерным шариком, которые используются при сборке интегральных микросхем. Алгоритм может быть использован в целях неразрушающего контроля на производстве полупроводниковых изделий до их корпусирования. Алгоритм позволяет не только измерить диаметр шарика и определить, находится ли его координата в допуске или нет, но также установить, имеется ли соединение вообще.
The article proposes a technique to identify the location of the round-shaped object in the image and to calculate its diameter. The technique is based on calculating the cross-correlation values of the analyzed image and several specific pattern images and on the subsequent analysis which of the patterns and for what its position relative to the inspected image is the most suitable one. The technique allows one not only to calculate the object size and coordinates, but also to determine the actual presence or absence of the object in the field of view. The feasibility and practical applicability of the technique are shown using an example of inspecting the ball-type wire bonding to the surface of a die in integrated circuits. The algorithm can be used as a part of software for non-destructive testing systems intended to inspect semiconductor products during their manufacturing before casing them. In particular, the algorithm allows one to check if there is a ball-type wire bonding at the place where it should be and to determine if both the location of the ball and its diameter are acceptable.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ДИНАМИКИ УСАДКИ ГОЛОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ФОТОПОЛИМЕРНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors: Е.Ф. ПЕН 
Published: October 2024

Исследована динамика эффективной и физической (геометрической) усадок голографического фотополимерного материала путём измерения эволюции спектров пропускания объёмных отражательных голограмм в процессе их записи. Впервые экспериментально показано, что в значительной степени физическая усадка происходит уже на ранней стадии формирования голограммы, когда её дифракционная эффективность незначительна (менее 0,05). Установлено, что в конце засветки значения эффективной усадки для малых и больших периодов решёток существенно отличаются, в то время как физическая усадка примерно одинаковая. Для исследованных образцов решёток получены оценки средних значений показателей преломления до и после засветки. Разработаны методика и устройство измерений динамики усадки отражательных фотополимерных голограмм, обеспечивающие минимальные погрешности оценки параметров усадки. Результаты исследований могут быть полезны для углубления знаний о механизме формирования голограмм в фотополимерных материалах, а также для практического использования при разработке голографических элементов и устройств на их основе.
The dynamics of effective and physical (geometric) shrinkage of a holographic photopolymer material is studied by measuring the evolution of transmission spectra of volume reflection holograms during their recording. It is shown experimentally for the first time that physical shrinkage occurs to a significant extent already at an early stage of hologram formation, when its diffraction efficiency is insignificant (less than 0.05). It is established that the effective shrinkage values at the end of the exposure for small and large grating periods differ significantly, while the physical shrinkage is approximately the same. For the grating samples studied, the average refractive indices before and after exposure are estimated. A method and device for measuring the shrinkage dynamics of reflection photopolymer holograms have been developed, ensuring the minimal errors in estimating the shrinkage parameters. The research results may be useful for deepening the knowledge about the nature of hologram formation in photopolymer materials, as well as for practical use in the development of holographic elements and devices based on them.
АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННАЯ КАЛИБРОВКА УГЛОИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫХ ШКАЛ С НЕРЕГУЛЯРНОЙ СТРУКТУРОЙ
Authors: А.Н. БУБЛИК , А.В. КИРЬЯНОВ , В.П. КИРЬЯНОВ , А.Г. КАРАКОЦКИЙ 
Published: October 2024

Разработана и апробирована методика калибровки шкал с нерегулярной структурой, характерной для абсолютных угловых датчиков на основе псевдослучайных кодов. Экспериментально получены результаты калибровки на уровне ± 2,2″ с неопределённостью ± 0,5″, характерной для используемой измерительно-диагностической установки АЭ.1686. Достоверность результатов калибровки нерегулярных шкал подтверждается идентичностью полученных кривых при их сличении с кривой калибровки регулярной шкалы, сформированной на другом радиусе в едином технологическом цикле совместно с одной из контролируемых нерегулярных шкал.
The method of calibration of scales with an irregular structure typical for absolute angle encoders based on pseudo-random codes has been developed and tested. The calibration results at a level of ±2.2″ with an uncertainty of ±0.5″, characteristic for the measuring and diagnostic unit AE.1686 used, are experimentally obtained. The reliability of the results of calibration of irregular scales is confirmed by the identity of the curves obtained when comparing them with the calibration curve of a regular scale formed at another radius in a single technological cycle together with one of the controlled irregular scales.