bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The silent pension pillar implosion
Authors: Stevens Yves 
Published: June 2017

This article discusses recent trends in occupational pension policy and identifies the rise of a second policy wave directed towards greater individualisation in occupational pension plans. It is clear that, at a global level, governments and regulatory offices are promoting the so-called third pillar as a valuable pension option and that freedom of choice of the individual is a key element in this process. This individualisation reflects the decreasing involvement of employers in occupational plans and the increasing attentiveness of governments towards individual retirement schemes. We ask whether the so-called first and third pillar are pushing the second pillar away and whether there is a silent pension pillar implosion.In the article, we describe and analyse recent legislative and regulatory initiatives in six European countries to locate the individualisation process. We also propose a new paradigm for pension policy makers in which the so-called pension pillars are abandoned and replaced by an integrated pension vision leading to a balanced target income in retirement. In this integrated vision, there is a legal link between all forms of pension in a given country. This link is reflected in social and fiscal law.
In Vivo PET Imaging of the Activated Immune Environment in a Small Animal Model of Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Franc Benjamin L. , Goth Sam , MacKenzie John , Li Xiaojuan , Blecha Joseph , Lam Tina , Jivan Salma , Hawkins Randall A. , VanBrocklin Henry 
Published: June 2017

Background: Evolving immune-mediated therapeutic strategies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may benefit from an improved understanding of the complex role that T-cell activation plays in RA. This study assessed the potential of fluorine-18-labeled 9-β-d-arabinofuranosylguanine ([18F]F-AraG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to report immune activation in vivo in an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) small animal model. Methods: Using positron emission tomography–computed tomography imaging, uptake of [18F]F-AraG in the paws of mice affected by arthritis at 6 (acute) and 20 (chronic) days following AIA induction in a single paw was assessed and compared to uptake in contralateral control paws. Fractions of T cells and B cells demonstrating markers of activation at the 2 time points were determined by flow cytometry. Results: Differential uptake of [18F]F-AraG was demonstrated on imaging of the affected joint when compared to control at both acute and chronic time points with corresponding changes in markers of T-cell activation observed on flow cytometry. Conclusion: [18F]F-AraG may serve as an imaging biomarker of T-cell activation in inflammatory arthritis. Further development of this technique is warranted and could offer a tool to explore the temporal link between activated T cells and RA as well as to monitor immune-mediated therapies for RA in clinical trials.
The natural history of recovery of elbow flexion after obstetric brachial plexus injury managed without nerve repair
Authors: Hems T. E. J. , Savaridas T. , Sherlock D. A. 
Published: June 2017

In this study, we report the outcome for spontaneous recovery of elbow flexion in obstetric brachial plexus injury managed without nerve reconstruction. Excluding those with transient paralysis, our records revealed 152 children with obstetric brachial plexus injury born before our unit routinely offered brachial plexus reconstruction. Five had had nerve repairs. Of the remainder, only one patient had insufficient flexion to reach their mouth. Elbow flexion started to recover clinically at a mean age of 4 months for Narakas Group 1, 6 months for Group 2, 8 months for Group 3 and 12 months for Group 4. The mean active range of elbow flexion, in 44 cases, was 138°. The mean isometric elbow flexion strength, in 39 patients, was 63% (range 23%–100%) of the normal side. It appears to be rare for elbow flexion not to recover spontaneously, although recovery occurs later in more severe injuries. It is doubtful if nerve reconstruction can improve elbow flexion above the likely spontaneous recovery in babies with obstetric brachial plexus injuries. Level of evidence: II
Relationship between community hospital versus pre-hospital location of randomisation and clinical outcomes in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients: insights from the Stream study
Authors: Welsh Robert C , Goldstein Patrick , Sinnaeve Peter , Ostojic Miodrag C , Zheng Yinggan , Danays Thierry , Westerhout Cynthia M , Van de Werf Frans , Armstrong Paul W 
Published: June 2017

Aims:The STREAM study randomly assigned ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients to receive a pharmacoinvasive versus primary percutaneous coronary intervention reperfusion strategy. We assessed whether there was an association between outcomes based on randomisation at a community hospital versus a prehospital location.Methods/results:Community hospital patients (358/1866 (19.2%)) were compared to prehospital patients and their outcomes categorised into pharmacoinvasive according to their treatment assignment. Compared to prehospital patients, community hospital patients had more diabetes (17.8% vs. 11.5%, P=0.001), higher Killip Class >1 (9.4% vs. 5.0%, P=0.002) and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk scores ⩾5 (18.2% vs. 12.4%, P=0.005). The 30-day primary endpoint (death, shock, congestive heart failure and re-infarction) for community hospital patients was 14.9% versus 13.2% for prehospital patients ( P=0.403). Community hospital pharmacoinvasive patients tended to receive less rescue (35.1% vs. 42.8%, P=0.062); when deployed their rescue was delayed 43 minutes. Community hospital patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention experienced a delay of 31 minutes versus prehospital patients. Pharmacoinvasive patients receiving scheduled angiography from a community hospital and prehospital patients had comparable times to angiography (17.7 vs. 18.7 hours) and low event rates (6.2% vs. 8.0%). Although the interaction between randomisation location and treatment received on the primary endpoint was not significant ( Pinteraction=0.065) those pharmacoinvasive patients requiring rescue from community hospitals had worse outcomes than prehospital rescue patients (odds ratio 2.28, 95% confidence interval 1.16–4.49).Conclusion:Within STREAM, STEMI patients randomly assigned at community hospitals had a higher baseline risk but similar outcomes compared to those studied prehospital patients irrespective of successful pharmacoinvasive therapy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention. However, worse outcomes in the pharmacoinvasive patients requiring rescue in community hospitals emphasises their need for immediate transfer to a percutaneous coronary intervention-capable hospital.
Use of the Pirani score in monitoring progression of correction and in guiding indications for tenotomy in the Ponseti method: Are we coming to the same decisions?
Authors: Lampasi Manuele , Abati CN , Stilli S , Trisolino G 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: The Pirani score is widely used in the treatment of idiopathic clubfoot. Some authors recommended to base decision for Achilles tenotomy in Ponseti method on this score (hindfoot score [HFS] > 1, once reducibility of lateral head of talus (LHT) is zero) instead of originally described indications (dorsiflexion < −10–15° once complete abduction is achieved). Yet correspondence of these indications has not been evaluated. Aim of this study was to verify whether in a cohort, where decision is based on dorsiflexion, the Pirani score corresponds to the limits suggested. Secondarily, to describe temporal variation in Pirani score along treatment, which has not been previously investigated. Methods: In a prospective study, 79 idiopathic clubfeet in 47 cases consecutively treated with Ponseti method by a single orthopaedic surgeon were evaluated at each casting session with Pirani system; score progression and scores at time of decision to perform tenotomy were determined. Results: HFS and its subcomponents showed minimal improvement during subsequent sessions of casting and then rapid correction with tenotomy. Medial crease resolved rapidly. Midfoot score and its remaining subcomponents corrected gradually. Total Pirani score showed initially a progressive correction and then a more abrupt improvement with tenotomy. At the time of decision to perform tenotomy, in 8 (10.1%) of 79 cases, the decision whether or not to perform tenotomy based on dorsiflexion would have been different based on the cut-offs for Pirani score suggested. Conclusion: Using Pirani score in guiding indication for tenotomy may imply different decisions in a portion of cases, which should be considered when comparing series.
Endoprosthetic replacement versus cement spacer in reconstruction of proximal humerus after tumor resection: Cost and benefits
Authors: Rafalla Awad Abdelmonem , Abdullah El Sayed Abdelhalim 
Published: June 2017

Background: Proximal end of the humerus is a common site for both primary and metastatic bone tumors. Limb salvage with endoprosthetic replacement is the most common means of reconstruction, but it has been proved that cement spacer are more beneficial for inferior shoulder function. Thus, limb salvage can be replaced by cheaper spacers especially in poor societies. Patients and methods: This study included 20 patients, of whom 14 were female, with a mean age of 40.4 years (range 12–60). Among the study population, six were diagnosed with osteosarcomas, two chondrosarcomas, two myeloma, two lymphoma, four metastatic carcinoma in the breast, two giant cell tumor, and two recurrent chondroplastoma. Limb salvage was successfully done in all patients: Tikhoff–Linberg type I in 12 cases and type V in 8. Endoprosthetic replacement was done in eight cases. An on-table fabricated cement spacer was used in 12 cases. Results: Follow-up ranged from 12 to 75 months, with a mean of 25.9 months. Functional outcome was almost comparable in both types of reconstruction, especially patient’s satisfaction, with a mean function of 65%. Conclusion: A relatively expensive endoprosthesis could be replaced by a much cheaper cement spacer if their function is comparable.
Clinician Perceptions of 4 Hearing Protection Devices
Authors: Spomer J. , Estrich C.G. , Halpin D. , Lipman R.D. , Araujo M.W.B. 
Published: June 2017

Common equipment in the dental operatory generate cumulative noise at sufficient decibel levels that can damage hearing. Although noise exposure in the dental office is typically intermittent, dentists and other dental care providers have been shown to be at risk of hearing loss. This article provides dentist-generated insight to use when incorporating hearing protection devices during dental practice. Four hearing protection devices (HPDs) were provided to 15 dentists in randomized sequence for evaluation. Perceptions were gathered via questionnaires and analyzed to determine mean ratings and product preferences. Battery requirements of electronic HPDs were also examined. Qualitative assessments of the HPDs evaluated are presented, including dentist preferences and recommendations. There were statistically significant differences ( P ≤ 0.0031) among the HPDs in terms of ease of insertion, aesthetics, ability to hear while using a handpiece, and the openness of the ear. Battery life was not found to differ between the 2 electronic HPDs evaluated. Dentists most highly valued ease of hearing, ability to communicate, and comfort while wearing HPDs. The DI-15 High-Fidelity Electronic Earplugs HPD was ranked the highest, followed by Music PRO Electronic Earplugs. Battery longevity for these electronic HPDs was similar under all tested conditions studied. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Dentists should understand the potential ramifications of hearing loss and be aware that there are commercially available hearing protection products that preserve the ability to communicate with patients and coworkers.
Selinexor-induced thrombocytopenia results from inhibition of thrombopoietin signaling in early megakaryopoiesis
Authors: Machlus Kellie R. , Wu Stephen K. , Vijey Prakrith , Soussou Thomas S. , Liu Zhi-Jian , Shacham Eran , Unger T. J. , Kashyap Trinayan , Klebanov Boris , Sola-Visner Martha , Crochiere Marsha , Italiano Joseph E. , Landesman Yosef 
Published: June 2017

Key Points
XPO1 blockade causes thrombocytopenia by inhibiting TPO signaling and blocking the differentiation of stem cells into megakaryocytes. Selinexor-induced thrombocytopenia is reversible when TPO agonists are administered in the absence of selinexor (drug holiday).
Copy number alterations detected as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential
Authors: Takahashi Koichi , Wang Feng , Kantarjian Hagop , Song Xingzhi , Patel Keyur , Neelapu Sattva , Gumbs Curtis , Little Latasha , Tippen Samantha , Thornton Rebecca , DiNardo Courtney D. , Ravandi Farhad , Bueso-Ramos Carlos , Zhang Jianhua , Wu Xifeng , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Futreal P. Andrew 
Published: June 2017

Key Points
CNAs can be detected as part of CHIP.
Clinically‐evident tophi are associated with reduced muscle force in the foot and ankle in people with gout: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Stewart Sarah , Dalbeth Nicola , Otter Simon , Gow Peter , Kumar Sunil , Rome Keith 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe foot and ankle represent a common site for tophi in people with gout, yet it is unclear whether the presence of tophi is related to impaired muscle function. This study aimed to determine the association between foot and ankle tophi and muscle force in people with gout.MethodsParticipants with gout were stratified into two groups based on the presence of clinically‐evident tophi affecting the foot or ankle on physical examination. Isometric muscle force for plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and eversion was measured using static dynamometry. Mixed‐models regression was used to determine the difference in muscle force between the two groups while adjusting for age, disease duration and foot pain. This model was also used to determine the difference in muscle force between presence and absence of tophi at specific locations within the foot and ankle. In addition, Pearson's correlations were used to determine the association between total foot tophus count and muscle force.ResultsFifty‐seven participants were included (22 with foot or ankle tophi and 35 without foot or ankle tophi). Foot and ankle tophi were most often seen at the Achilles tendon. After adjusting for age, disease duration and foot pain, participants with tophi had significantly reduced muscle force during plantarflexion (P < 0.001), dorsiflexion (P = 0.003), inversion (P = 0.003) and eversion (P = 0.001) when compared to participants without tophi. Those with Achilles tophi had significantly reduced force during plantarflexion (P < 0.001), inversion (P = 0.008) and eversion (P = 0.001). No significant differences in muscle force were observed between the presence and absence of tophi at other foot or ankle locations. There were also no significant correlations between total foot tophus count and muscle force (all P > 0.05).ConclusionIn people with gout, clinically‐evident foot or ankle tophi are associated with muscle force deficits during foot plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and eversion, which persist despite adjusting for age, disease duration and foot pain. Tophi at the Achilles tendon, which associate with force deficits, may contribute to reduced muscular activation and consequent disuse muscle atrophy.
Aorto-Cutaneous Fistula and False Aneurysm of the Ascending Aorta Five Years after its Prosthetic Replacement for Stanford Type A Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Demondion Pierre , Verscheure Dorian , Leprince Pascal 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAorto-cutaneous fistula and false aneurysm of the ascending aorta in patients who previously underwent Stanford Type A acute aortic dissection are rare and severe complications. Surgical correction remains a demanding challenge. In a case of false aneurysm rupture during redo sternotomy, selective cannulation of the right axillary and left carotid arteries allowed an efficient method of cerebral perfusion.
A Rare and Late Complication After Left Ventricular Assist Device Explantation
Authors: Gradinariu George , Simon André , Gaer Jullien 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLate complications can arise after explantation of a left ventricular assist device. We report the case of a patient who presented at the age of 19 years with peri-partum cardiomyopathy and was initially managed with a biventricular support device, which was subsequently upgraded to an ambulatory left ventricular assist device. This was successfully explanted after myocardial recovery via a minimally invasive approach 7 months later. The patient re-presented 5 years following explantation with hemoptysis. At redo sternotomy, a 10-cm remnant of the outflow graft was found to be eroding the surface of the right lung. The conduit was excised and the stump oversewn. Eleven months later, she presented again with hemoptysis, and a pseudo-aneurysm was identified on the computed tomography scan. She underwent urgent open repair with peripheral cannulation and deep hypothermic total circulatory arrest. The Dacron stump was found to be partially dehisced, leaving a 2–3 cm defect in the ascending aorta. The defect was repaired with a bovine pericardial patch. The patient made a good recovery and was successfully discharged.
Studi Penggunaan Katalis Tembaga Molybdenum Oksida Berpenyangga Silica (CuMoO3/SiO2) Untuk Oksidasi Metana Menjadi Methanol Dan Formaldehida
Authors: Husin H. , Marwan Marwan 
Published: June 2017

Studi penggunaan katalis tembaga molybdenum oksida berpenyangga silica (CuMoO3/SiO2) untuk oksidasi parsial metana menjadi methanol dan formaldehida telah dilakukan. Preparasi katalis dilakukan dengan metode impregnasi. Hasil identifikasi dengan XRD menunjukkan bahwa komponen katalis terdiri dari senyawa MoO3, Cu2Odan SiO2. Uji kinerja katalis dilangsungkan dalam reaktor pipa lurus berunggun tetap, beroperasi pada temperature 400, 450 dan 500 0C dan tekanan 1 atm. Produk reaksi dianalisis menggunakan gas kromatografi buatan Shimadzu dengan kolom mole sieve 5A dan porapak Q. Konversi metana tertinggi diperoleh 34,1% menggunakan katalis dengan rasio Cu: Mo 1: 3, temperatur reaksi 400 0C. Perolehan methanol tertinggi 3,4 % dan perolehan formaldehida tertinggi 7,3%.Kata kunci : oksidasi parsial metana, katalis (CuMoO3/SiO2), impregnasi, methanol, formaldehida
Kajian Eksperimental Sistem Pemanas Dan Penyimpan Air Bertenaga Surya
Authors: Syahri M. 
Published: June 2017

Pemanas air bertenaga sinar matahari telah banyak dipasarkan dengan harga yang relative mahal. Kemahalan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh mahalnya harga material (besi) dan pembuatannya (pabrikasi) yang cukup sulit. Dilakukan inovasi yang bertujuan untuk mereduksi biaya dengan menggunakan bahan yang lebih murah tetapi daya serap terhadap matahari lebih baik. Bahan yang dipilih fiberglass reinforced polyester (GFRP). Sistem pemanas air bertenaga surya yang dirancang tidak berpenutup kaca dan kolektor surya diintegrasikan dengan sistem penyimpan air. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua cara, tanpa dan dengan pengurasan tangki air. Pendataan dilakukan saat matahari terbit hingga tenggelam, selamma tujuh hari masa perlakuan. Hasil menunjukkan cara tanpa pengurasan lebih dapat menahan penurunan suhu air dalam tangki penampung . Untuk mengurangi penurunan suhu selama penyimpanan dilakukan modifikasi dengan memasang katup penghalang pada sistem. Suhu air maksimum dalam tangki penampung air terlihat sangat dipengaruhi fluks sinar matahari yang diterima kolektor. Pada cuaca cerah dengan fluks sinar matahari rerata 700 W/m2 suhu air mencapai 63 0C. Pada cuaca mendung dengan fluks rerata 450 W/m2 suhu air maksimum 42 0C. Suhu air panas dalam tangki penyimpanan selama penelitian berkisar antara 60-63 0C. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa GFRP dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pembuatan kolektor surya. Uji kelayakan kinerja sistem masih perlu dilakukan sebagai kelanjutan dari penelitian ini.Kata kunci : fiberglass reinforced polyester (GFRP), sistem terintegrasi, katup, uji kelayakan
Aktivitas Dan Pemodelan Katalis Silikat Dari Abu Sekam Padi Untuk Konversi Heksana
Authors: Anggoro D. D. 
Published: June 2017

Abu sekam padi (Rice Hush Ash, RHA) apabila dikalsinasi pada suhu tinggi (500-600 0C) menghasilkan senyawa silikat yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk beragai proses kimia. Senyawa silikat merupakan senyawa terbesar penyusun abu sekam padi yaitu mencapai ±96,6%. Penelitian pendahuluan menunjukkan bahwa silikat yang dihasilkan dari sekam padi s.ebesar 15% dari berat sekam padi yang dikalsinasi. Untuk mengetahui struktur silikat yang dihasilkan maka dilakukan analisa dengan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) dengan cara membandingkan diffractogram dari silikat murni . silikat yang dihasilkan kemudian diuji kemampuan daya perengkaha dan aromatisasinya sebagai katalis dalam reaksi heksana dengan menggunakan quartz tube reactor pada suhu 200-300 0C. Dari hasil XRD dapat disimpulkan bahwa abu sekam padi bias digunakan sebagai sumber silikat murni. Uji laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa silikat yang dihasilkan dari abu sekam padi mempunyai potensi sebagai katalis untuk reaksi perengkahan dan aromatisasi.Kata kunci : abu sekam padi, silikat, perengkahan, aromatisasi
Evaluation of noise pollution level in the operating rooms of hospitals: A study in Iran
Authors: Giv Masoumeh Dorri , Sani Karim Ghazikhanlou , Alizadeh Majid , Valinejadi Ali , Majdabadi Hesamedin Askari 
Published: June 2017

Introduction
Noise pollution in the operating rooms is one of the remaining challenges. Both patients and physicians are exposed to different sound levels during the operative cases, many of which can last for hours. This study aims to evaluate the noise pollution in the operating rooms during different surgical procedures.

Materials and methods
In this cross-sectional study, sound level in the operating rooms of Hamadan University-affiliated hospitals (totally 10) in Iran during different surgical procedures was measured using B&K sound meter. The gathered data were compared with national and international standards. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA, t-test, and Pearson’s correlation test.

Results
Noise pollution level at majority of surgical procedures is higher than national and international documented standards. The highest level of noise pollution is related to orthopedic procedures, and the lowest one related to laparoscopic and heart surgery procedures. The highest and lowest registered sound level during the operation was 93 and 55 dB, respectively. Sound level generated by equipments (69 ± 4.1 dB), trolley movement (66 ± 2.3 dB), and personnel conversations (64 ± 3.9 dB) are the main sources of noise.

Conclusion
The noise pollution of operating rooms are higher than available standards. The procedure needs to be corrected for achieving the proper conditions.