bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung ultrasound in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia or cystic fibrosis
Authors: Marzook Noah , Dubrovsky Alexander S. , Muchantef Karl , Zielinski David , Lands Larry C. , Shapiro Adam J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) are respiratory conditions requiring regular chest radiography (CXR) surveillance to monitor pulmonary disease. However, CXR is insensitive for lung disease in CF and PCD. Lung ultrasound (LU) is a radiation‐free alternative showing good correlation with severity of lung disease in CF but has not been studied in PCD.MethodStandardized, six‐zone LU studies and CXR were performed on a convenience sample of children with PCD or CF during a single visit when well. LU studies were graded using the LU scoring system, while CXR studies received a modified Chrispin‐Norman score. Scores were correlated with clinical outcomes.ResultData from 30 patients with PCD and 30 with CF (median age PCD 11.5 years, CF 9.1 years) with overall mild pulmonary disease (PCD median FEV1 90% predicted, CF FEV1 100%) were analyzed. LU abnormalities appear in 11/30 (36%) patients with PCD and 9/30 (30%) with CF. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values for abnormal LU compared to the gold standard of CXR are 42%, 61%, 42%, and 61% in PCD, and 44%, 81%, 50%, and 77% in CF, respectively. Correlation between LU and CXR scores are poor for both diseases (PCD r = −0.1288, p = 0.4977; CF r = 0.0343, p = 0.8571), and LU score does not correlate with clinical outcomes in PCD.ConclusionThe correlation of LU findings with CXR surveillance studies is poor in patients with mild disease burdens from PCD or CF, and LU scores do not correlate with clinical outcomes in PCD.
Resistance to acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACCase)‐inhibiting herbicides in Lolium multiflorumLam. populations of Argentina
Authors: Depetris Mara B. , Muñiz Padilla Esteban , Ayala Fabián , Tuesca Daniel , Breccia Gabriela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDItalian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is one of the most troublesome grass weeds in Argentina. The extensive and repetitive use of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACCase)‐inhibiting herbicides has induced resistance in this weed species. The objectives of this study were to quantify the resistance levels to ACCase‐inhibiting herbicides in two resistant populations and to identify the target‐site mutations associated with their resistance.RESULTSTwo resistant Italian ryegrass populations, Roldán and H2, were studied. Roldán was a suspected haloxyfop‐resistant population, located in a wheat field from Santa Fe province with a history of ACCase‐inhibiting herbicide use. The H2 population was obtained from the susceptible Hernandarias population (H0) after two cycles of selection with the herbicide quizalofop‐ethyl. Whole‐plant dose–response assays revealed that the resistant populations exhibited a high resistance to haloxyfop, with resistance factors (RF) exceeding 97‐fold. Additionally, both populations showed a moderate resistance to pinoxaden (RF > 7), while maintaining susceptibility to clethodim. Partial chloroplastic ACCase sequences revealed isoleucine‐to‐asparagine substitution at position 2041 (Ile‐2041‐Asn) in both resistant populations.CONCLUSIONThis work provides a better understanding of cross‐resistance to ACCase‐inhibiting herbicides in L. multiflorum populations and represents the first report of the target‐site mutation Ile‐2041‐Asn conferring resistance in populations from Argentina. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Population PK modeling of certolizumab pegol in pregnant women with chronic inflammatory diseases
Authors: Menshykau Denis , Sidhu Jagdev , Shaughnessy Laura , Lledo‐Garcia Rocio , Dua Pinky , Teil Marie , Khandelwal Akash 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCertolizumab pegol (CZP; CIMZIA™) is the only Fc‐free tumor necrosis factor inhibitor with data from a clinical study demonstrating no to minimal placental transfer. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of certolizumab pegol during pregnancy and postpartum in women with chronic inflammatory diseases were assessed using a population PK model based on data from the CHERISH study (NCT04163016), a longitudinal, prospective, open‐label PK phase IB study. Model development was performed in NONMEM using a frequentist prior approach, with prior information based on a population PK model for certolizumab pegol in non‐pregnant adult patients (NCT04740814). A one‐compartment model with first‐order absorption (Ka = 0.236 1/day) and linear elimination (CL/F = 0.416 L/day) from the central compartment (V/F = 7.86 L) best described certolizumab pegol PK in the CHERISH study. The structural model parameters were estimated with good precision (RSE < 25%). Baseline BW was included as a covariate on CL/F and V/F. Pregnancy trimester and time‐varying log‐transformed anti‐drug antibody (ADA) titer were identified as the only significant covariates for CL/F with a comparable influence on CL/F. Individuals with higher ADA titer (75th percentile) during pregnancy exhibited CL/F up to 1.43‐fold higher relative to individuals postpartum that showed median levels of ADA titer. However, the confidence interval for the combined effect of pregnancy stage and ADA titer effects on CL/F overlapped with the CL/F range of the typical individual postpartum. In addition, simulations showed a large overlap in certolizumab pegol concentrations between pregnant and non‐pregnant adults. The findings of this population PK analysis support the maintenance of established certolizumab pegol dosing regimens throughout pregnancy.
Additively Manufactured Ceramics for Compact Quantum Technologies
Authors: Christ Marc , Zimmermann Conrad , Neinert Sascha , Leykauf Bastian , Döringshoff Klaus , Krutzik Markus 
Published: September 2024

AbstractQuantum technologies are advancing from fundamental research in specialized laboratories to practical applications in the field, driving the demand for robust, scalable, and reproducible system integration techniques. Ceramic components can be pivotal thanks to high stiffness, low thermal expansion, and excellent dimensional stability under thermal stress. Lithography‐based additive manufacturing of technical ceramics is explored, especially for miniaturized physics packages and electro‐optical systems. This approach enables functional systems with precisely manufactured, intricate structures, and high mechanical stability while minimizing size and weight. It facilitates rapid prototyping, simplifies fabrication and leads to highly integrated, reliable devices. As an electrical insulator with low outgassing and high temperature stability, printed technical ceramics such as and AlN bridge a technology gap in quantum technology and offer advantages over other printable materials. This potential is demonstrated with CerAMRef, a micro‐integrated rubidium D2 line optical frequency reference on a printed micro‐optical bench and housing. The frequency instability of the reference is comparable to laboratory setups while the volume of the integrated spectroscopy setup is only . Potential for future applications is identified in compact atomic magnetometers, miniaturized optical atom traps, and vacuum system integration.
Efficient Arbitrated Quantum Digital Signature with Multi‐Receiver Verification
Authors: Xiong Siyu , Tang Bangying , Han Hui , Huang Jinquan , Bai Mingqiang , Li Fangzhao , Yu Wanrong , Mo Zhiwen , Liu Bo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractQuantum digital signature is used to authenticate the identity of the signer with information theoretical security while providing non‐forgery and non‐repudiation services. In traditional multi‐receiver quantum digital signature schemes without an arbitrator, the transferability of one‐to‐one signature is always required to achieve unforgeability, with complicated implementation and heavy key consumption. In this article, an arbitrated quantum digital signature scheme is proposed, in which the signature can be verified by multiple receivers simultaneously, and meanwhile, the transferability of the signature is still kept. This scheme can be simplified performed to various quantum secure networks, due to the proposed efficient signature calculation procedure with low secure key consumption and low computation complexity, by employing one‐time universal hashing algorithm and a one‐time pad encryption scheme. The evaluation results show that this scheme uses at least two orders of magnitude less key than existing signature schemes with transferability when signing files of the same length with the same number of receivers and security parameter settings.
Selective Temperature Sensing in Nanodiamonds Using Dressed States
Authors: Beaver Nathaniel M. , Stevenson Paul 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTemperature sensing at the nanoscale is a significant experimental challenge. Here, an approach using dressed states is reported to make a leading quantum sensor – the nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) center in diamond – selectively sensitive to temperature, even in the presence of normally confounding magnetic fields. Using an experimentally straightforward approach, the magnetic sensitivity of the NV center is suppressed by a factor of seven, while retaining full temperature sensitivity and narrowing the NV center linewidth. These results demonstrate the power of engineering the sensor Hamiltonian using external control fields to enable sensing with improved specificity to target signals.
Reaching millions: Water, substitute infrastructure, and the politics of scale in Kenya
Authors: Gedeon Achi Fiona 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article analyzes the politics of scale in global development by focusing on a sanitation program in western Kenya. It follows the daily work of a nongovernmental organization that seeks to provide access to chlorine dispensers to millions of people for the purpose of disinfecting water. By engaging with literatures on development and infrastructure, this article proposes reach as an analytic that jointly attends to the aspirations, labors, and uncertain outcomes embedded in scale work. An ethnography of reach emphasizes the temporality of off‐grid infrastructures to capture the ambivalent relationships between aspirations and results and between standardization and adaptation, as well as the unstable nature of care. This proves useful to theorizing expansion as potentially generative of, rather than only inimical to, the good life—thereby troubling the vision of scale making as replication often used to understand development projects and their consequences.
In Situ Construction of Bimetallic Selenides Heterogeneous Interface on Oxidation‐Stable Ti3C2Tx MXene Toward Lithium Storage with Ultrafast Charge Transfer Kinetics
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhao Shasha , Zhang Xiong , Xu Yanan , An Yabin , Li Chen , Yi Sha , Liu Cong , Wang Kai , Sun Xianzhong , Zhang Haitao , Ma Yanwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTi3C2Tx (MXene) is widely acknowledged as an excellent substrate for constructing heterogeneous structures with transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) for boosting the electrochemical performance of lithium‐ion storage. However, conventional synthesis strategies inevitably lead to poor electrochemical charge transfer due to Ti3C2Tx‐derived TiO2 at the heterogeneous interface between Ti3C2Tx and TMCs. Here, an innovative in situ selenization strategy is proposed to replace the originally generated TiO2 on Ti3C2Tx with metallic TiSe2 interphase, clearing the bottleneck of slow charge transfer barrier caused by MXene oxidation. The construction of bimetallic selenide formed by CoSe2 and TiSe2 generates intrinsic electric fields to guide the fast ion diffusion kinetics in a heterogeneous interface. Additionally, the CoSe2/TiSe2/Ti3C2Tx heterogeneous structure with enhanced structural stability and improved rate performance is confirmed by both experiments and theoretical calculations. The engineered heterogeneous structure exhibits an ultra‐high pseudocapacitance contribution (73.1% at 0.1 mV s−1), rendering it well‐suited to offset the kinetics differences between double‐layer materials. The assembled lithium‐ion capacitor based on CoSe2/TiSe2/Ti3C2Tx possesses a high energy density and an ultralong life span (89.5% after 10 000 times at 2 A g−1). This devised strategy provides a feasible solution for utilizing the performance advantages of MXene substrates in lithium storage with ultrafast charge transfer kinetics.
A Synergistically Regulated Cathode/Electrolyte Interphase With High Stability and Rapid Zn2+ Migration Toward Advanced Flexible Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ren Tiantian , Xu Ao , Chen Chunxia , Wang Yangyang , Zhang Yuhang , Wang Hui , Liu Xiaojie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNa3V2(PO4)3(NVP), as a representative sodium superionic conductor with a stable polyanion framework, is considered a cathode candidate for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries attributed to their high discharge platform and open 3D structure. Nevertheless, the structural stability of NVP and the cathode‐electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer formed on NVP can be deteriorated by the aqueous electrolyte to a certain extent, which will result in slow Zn2+ migration. To solve these problems, doping Si elements to NVP and adding sodium acetate (NaAc) to the electrolyte are utilized as a synergistic regulation route to enable a highly stable CEI with rapid Zn2+ migration. In this regard, Ac− competitively takes part in the solvation structure of Zn2+ in aqueous electrolyte, weakening the interaction between water and Zn2+, and meanwhile a highly stable CEI is formed to avoid structural damage and enable rapid Zn2+ migration. The NVPS/C@rGO electrode exhibits a notable capacity of 115.5 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1 in the mixed electrolyte (3 M ZnOTF2+3 M NaAc). Eventually, a collapsible “sandwich” soft pack battery is designed and fabricated and can be used to power small fans and LEDs, which proves the practical application of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries in flexible batteries.
Synergistic Coordination in Cu Single‐Atom Catalysts Enhances High‐Valent Copper‐Oxo Species for Efficient PMS Activation
Authors: Shen Yi , Pan Yongliang , Zhu Chao , Zhang Haizhong , Wang Jun , Liu Renlan , Fang Qile , Song Shuang , Chen Baoliang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the domain of heterogeneous catalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), high‐valent metal‐oxo (HVMO) species are widely recognized as potent oxidants for the abatement of organic pollutants. However, the generation selectivity and efficiency of HVMO are often constrained by stringent requirements for catalyst adsorption sites and electron transfer efficiency. In this study, a single‐atom catalyst, CuSA/CNP&S, is synthesized featuring multiple types (planar/axial) of heteroatom coordination via an H‐bond‐assisted self‐assembly strategy. It is confirmed that CuN3 active centers with axial S coordination are uniformly distributed in a carbon matrix modified by planar P atoms. CuSA/CNP&S activated PMS to selectively generate Cu(III)═OH species as the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS). The pseudo‐first‐order kinetic rate for bisphenol A degradation reached 1.51 min−1, a 17.57‐fold increase compared to the unmodified CuSA/CN catalyst. Additionally, the CuSA/CNP&S catalyst demonstrates high efficiency and durability in removing contaminants from various aqueous matrices. Theoretical calculations and experimental results indicate that the intrinsic electric field generated by distal planar P atoms enhances electron transfer efficiency within the carbon matrix. Meanwhile, axial S coordination elevates the d‐band center and tunes the eg* band broadening of Cu, thereby enhancing the adsorption selectivity for the terminal oxygen of PMS. This multitype coordination synergistically mitigates the issues of low selectivity and yield of HVMO species.
E2E test execution optimization for web application based on state reuse
Authors: Zhao Ruilian , Zhang Shukai , Zhu Zhifan , Shang Ying , Wang Weiwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnd‐to‐end (E2E) testing is a commonly used technique for web application testing. Unlike traditional unit tests, E2E tests focus on test scenarios that target the entire business, which integrate and collaborate of various components and services to make the whole application work. As a result, one drawback of E2E tests is their longer execution time, seriously affecting testing efficiency of web applications. In order to speed up the execution of E2E tests for web applications, this paper proposes a test execution optimization approach based page state reuse. Through analyzing the common operations of E2E tests, a common prefix trees is constructed to organize the same operations among test scripts in a test suite of web applications. Under the guidance of the prefix tree, the optimal reusable state is identified and duplicated to maximize the utilization of page states triggered by the same operations, thereby reducing the overall execution time of the test suite. Besides, to realize page state reuse automatically, we design a browser process replication strategy, which implement querying the active page and duplicating the web page. To verify the effectiveness of our method, experiments and evaluations were conducted on 347 E2E tests from eight open‐source web applications, and the results showed that our approach reduced the E2E testing execution time for web applications by 52%–68%.
Fatty Acid–Based pH‐Switchable Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction and Preconcentration of Chlorobenzenes From Water Samples Followed by Gas Chromatography–Electron Capture Detection
Authors: Ataee Mari , Ahmadi Jouybari Touraj , Ahmadi Jouybari Hadi , Hosseini Fatemeh , Fattahi Nazir 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAn easy, safe, simple, and efficient pH‐switchable hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES)‐based liquid‐phase microextraction was developed for the extraction of chlorobenzenes (CBs) from water samples followed by a gas chromatography–electron capture detector (GC–ECD). The switchability of the synthesized DESs was tested by changing the pH. The DES synthesized from thymol:octanoic acid (OA) in a molar ratio of 2:1 had the highest efficiency in extracting CBs from water samples. 1,4‐Dibromobenzene was used as internal standard (IS). The optimal conditions were established to be 20.0 µL of thymol:OA (2:1), 100 µL of 5 mol L−1 KOH, 100 µL of 5 mol L−1 HCl, 60 s of extraction time, and without salt addition. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration graphs were linear in the range of 0.005–150 µg L−1, and limits of detection were in the range of 0.001–0.03 µg L−1. The relative standard deviations, including intraday and inter‐day for 5.0 µg L−1 of dichlorobenzene isomers, 2.0 µg L−1 of trichlorobenzene and tetrachlorobenzene isomers, and 0.50 µg L−1 of pentachlorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene isomers in water with using IS, were in the range of 0.6%–3.2% (n = 7) and 3.8%–6.7% (n = 7), respectively. The accuracies, including inter‐day and intraday, were in the range of 93.5%–106.3% and 91.7%–109.4%, respectively.
Effect of using normal concrete or recycled concrete layer on behavior of repaired projectile bullet damaged reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Obaidat Ala’ Taleb 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study utilized experimental research to investigate the efficiency of using normal aggregate concrete (NAC) or recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) as a new concrete layer for repairing projectile bullet damage to strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams. This study comprised the construction and testing of eight RC beams made of RAC and NAC. They are initially subjected to projectile bullets and after that tested with flexure load to evaluate the effect of using RAC and NAC that was investigated. The findings of test results demonstrate that the repaired specimens with RAC or NAC experienced a higher load capacity than the damaged control specimens. As such, this approach could potentially use to restore RAC or NAC beams were previously damaged by projectile bullets. In addition, the findings of this research indicate that the load capacity of the damaged RC beams that were previously repaired using the NAC layer was higher than the load capacity of the damaged RC beams that were repaired using the RAC layer. The load capacity enhanced significantly of (106%–118%) and (104%–113%), respectively, when NAC and RAC are utilized in repairs. Therefore, using either NAC or RAC concrete is more economical, environmentally friendly, and efficient than demolishing.
Reconceptualizing assessment design in the age of AI: Is it genuine or faux?
Authors: Pramjeeth Shamola , Ramgovind Priya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile AI has the potential to streamline assessment development in higher education, there are concerns about its reliability, fairness, and potential to perpetuate bias. This study sought to understand the perceptions of academics and teaching and learning (T&L) specialists on the use of AI tools and large language models on assessment development, whether the private HE institution (PHEI) needs to change how it assesses students, and the types of assessments to be created. This topic is extremely relevant, as many higher education institutions (HEIs) are entering unchartered territory, and there is scant credible evidence on the prior‐implementation reporting and evaluation of AI integration into assessment practices. Forty academics and T&L specialists at a PHEI in South Africa shared their perceptions. The study revealed two key themes: (a) AI use and (b) reconceptualizing assessments and T&L structures, indicating the need for HEIs to understand the synergies between AI and assessment practices.
Magnetoelastic Elastomers and Hydrogels for Studies of Mechanobiology
Authors: Galie Peter A. , Pogoda Katarzyna , Tran Kiet A. , Cēbers Andrejs , Janmey Paul A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMagnetically responsive soft materials that change elastic modulus upon application of a magnetic field have many applications but have only recently been applied to biological studies. The ability to make magnetoelastic materials with shear moduli between 100 and 10,000 Pa, which span the range of most soft tissues, enables many new methods to study the response of cells to a changing mechanical environment. In this chapter, we summarize some properties of magnetoelastic soft elastomers and hydrogels, with an emphasis on hydrogels comprised of fibrous polymers that mimic the extracellular matrix forming most soft tissues. An example of the utility of these materials is the demonstration that cells respond within seconds to a nearly instantaneous change in environmental stiffness. This response involves intracellular calcium fluxes, identifying this mechanism as perhaps the initial signal that cells use for mechanobiological control.