bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of dosimetric parameters in mammography employing a homemade ionization chamber
Authors: Silva Jonas Oliveira da , Caldas Linda V. E. 
Published: December 2016

X-ray mammography examination is the reference tool to discover breast cancer in an early stage. The mammography unit must follow an accurate quality control program that covers both patient and staff radiation protection. Plane parallel ionization chambers are the reference instrument for dosimetry in mammography beams, but they can represent higher cost for small clinics in countries as Brazil. In this work, it is presented a low cost ionization chamber for mammography X-rays energy range dosimetry developed at IPEN. The homemade ionization chamber has a sensitive volume of 6.0 cm3 and it was utilized to execute quality control tests in two distinct mammography systems: a GE Senographe DMR-plus and a Philips VMI Graph Mammo. The setups for the tests performed agreed with the IAEA HHS 2 and 17 recommendations. A breast phantom of various PMMA thicknesses was utilized in this work. The homemade ionization chamber performance was compared to that of a commercial one. The maximum difference between the incident air kerma measured with the reference ionization chamber and the developed one was only 5.62% for the GE equipment and only 4.42% for the Philips equipment. The homemade ionization chamber presented an excellent performance in incident air kerma and HVL measurements for the radiographic techniques utilized in the present work. All the results obtained were within IAEA specifications.
Assessment of Soil Physical Characteristics of Luvisols Under Monoculture of Vines
Authors: Šimanský Vladimír , Kolenčík Marek 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The physical properties of Luvisols under vineyards of the Nitra wine-growing area (Slovakia) were evaluated in the paper. Soil samples were taken from two selected localities (Nitra - Dražovce, Vráble). The obtained results showed that in the soil profile of Dražovce, the average contents of non-capillary pores, capillary pores and semi-capillary pores to the total porosity were equal to 26.1, 64.4 and 9.4%, respectively, and in the soil profile of Vráble - 22.3, 75.6 and 2.1%, respectively. In the Dražovce locality, the average content of aggregate stability index (Sw) decreased in the following order: abandoned vineyard > grassy strip between the vineyard rows > intensively cultivated rows of vineyard. In contrast, in the Vráble locality, higher average contents of Sw were determined in intensively cultivated rows of vineyard in comparison to grassy strip between the vineyard rows. The lowest average value of vulnerability coefficient (Kv) was observed in abandoned vineyard (Dražovce locality) and in both localities in grassy strip between the vineyard rows. Intensive cultivation of the vineyard rows resulted in higher vulnerability of soil structure. The values of maximum capillary capacity were almost the same in both soil profiles of Luvisols. A higher content of soil moisture was observed in the soil profile in the Vráble locality (33.6±2.50) in comparison to the Dražovce locality (30.6±5.44). Higher content of storage moisture was determined in the Vráble locality (2,684 l m-2) in comparison to the Dražovce locality (2,450 l m-2).
Growth Response Assessment of the Sycamore Maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) in Changed City Environment
Authors: Uhrin Peter , Supuka Ján 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Climate conditions in cities are constantly changing, creating a worsening environment for the growth of trees and performing their ecological functions. Qualitative evaluation of their responses to the often extreme climatic conditions and habitat for their growth is an important part of care for urban and historical greenery. This work deals with applying visual methods for the assessment of morphological characters, crown destructive manifestations and eco-physiological aspects of vitality through micromarker of quality of assimilation organs. Evaluation was carried out in two types of environment, in city of Nitra and an environmentally unloaded historical park in Nová Ves nad Žitavou. The research was conducted on six trees of species Acer pseudoplatanus L., through visual assessment and measuring the values of chlorophyll fluorescence-a. The measurement results were statistically evaluated and graphically interpreted.
The Nexus between State Liability Principle and WTO Law
Authors: Soeparna Intan Innayatun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThere are two functions of the state liability principle. The first is to secure individual rights (including economic rights) from a wrongful act conducted by a government, and the second is to compensate for damage caused by the infringement of individual right. Economic right is inherently allowing an individual to pursue economic interest both domestically or globally. In order to accommodate this right, a government is obliged to provide trade rules and mechanisms for every individual to conduct their global economic activities by participating in the WTO. The objective of the WTO significantly corresponds to the individual’s right in order to obtain trade benefits. Hence, when a government infringes trade rules and mechanisms underlined in WTO Law, it will directly restrict individuals from gaining trade benefits under the WTO or, moreover, it will restrain individuals from enjoying their inviolable economic rights. When the right is violated, and the damage occurs, it thus leads to the obligation for the government to compensate the damage according to the state liability principle. This article discusses the nexus between the state liability principle and WTO Law, in order to encourage national courts to exercise the function of state liability by referring to the infringement of economic rights caused by the violation of WTO Law.
On Orthogonally Additive Functions With Big Graphs
Authors: Baron Karol 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Let E be a separable real inner product space of dimension at least 2 and V be a metrizable and separable linear topological space. We show that the set of all orthogonally additive functions mapping E into V and having big graphs is dense in the space of all orthogonally additive functions from E into V with the Tychonoff topology.
Absence of Lavrentiev gap for non-autonomous functionals with (p,q)-growth
Authors: Esposito Antonio , Leonetti Francesco , Petricca Pier Vincenzo 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We consider non-autonomous functionals of the form

{\mathcal{F}(u,\hskip-0.569055pt\Omega)\hskip-0.853583pt=\hskip-0.853583pt\int%
_{\Omega}f(x,\hskip-0.569055ptDu(x))\hskip-0.569055pt\,dx}

,
where

{u\colon\kern-0.711319pt\Omega\hskip-0.569055pt\to\hskip-0.569055pt\mathbb{R}^%
{N}}

,

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}}

.
We assume that

{f(x,z)}

grows at least as

{|z|^{p}}

and at most as

{|z|^{q}}

.
Moreover,

{f(x,z)}

is Hölder continuous with respect to x and convex with respect to z.
In this setting, we give a sufficient condition on the density

{f(x,z)}

that ensures the absence of a Lavrentiev gap.
Comparison of Conventional and Automatic Milking Systems at Extreme Conditions by Thermographic Method
Authors: Ševčík Jiří , Falta Daniel , Somerlíková Kristina , Fryč Jiří 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the impacts of teat traumatization on Holstein cows caused by two different types of milking systems (CMS – conventional milking system and AMS – an automatic milking system). The experiments were performed in two locations: at Žabčice School Farm of Mendel University in Brno and at ZEMAX, a. s. in Šitbořice. For the evaluation of the degree of traumatization, thermographic images depicting surface temperatures of teats were used. This paper tested the hypothesis that, at extreme conditions, the teat traumatization of Holstein cows does not depend on used milking system. The hypothesis was disproved by the performed monitoring. From statistical point of view, it was observed that there were significant differences depending on which milking system was used.
Intergenerational Educational Persistence among Daughters: Evidence from India
Authors: Azam Mehtabul 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:
We examine educational transmission between fathers (mothers) and daughters in India for daughters born during 1962–1991. We find that educational persistence, as measured by the regression coefficient of father’s (mother’s) education as a predictor of daughter’s education, has declined. However, the correlation between educational attainment of daughters and fathers (mothers), another commonly used measure of persistence, suggests only a marginal decline. Further we decompose the intergenerational correlation. We also find that the probability of a daughter attaining senior secondary or above education (top end of educational distribution) is not only positively associated with father’s (mother’s) education levels but the gaps in those probabilities have not declined over time. Similarly, there is no convergence over time in the probability of a daughter attaining senior secondary or above education with the same level of father’s (mother’s) education for daughters belonging to Higher Hindu Castes and disadvantaged groups such as Other Backward Castes or Scheduled Castes/Tribes. Although conditional on having same educated fathers, sons are more likely to achieve senior secondary or above education in each cohort compared to daughters, the gap in those probabilities has declined over time.
Human Biomonitoring – An overview on biomarkers and their application in Occupational and Environmental Health
Authors: Ladeira Carina , Viegas Susana 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Human biomonitoring (HBM) is a scientificallydeveloped approach for assessing human exposures to natural and synthetic compounds from environment, occupation, and lifestyle. It relies on the measurement of particular substances or biological breakdown products, known as metabolites, in human tissues and/or fluids, and also includes the study of their effects and the possible influence of individual susceptibility as response modulators. HBM is a growing area of knowledge used for exposure and risk assessment in environmental and occupational health, and its importance has been increasing as a result of advancements in the ability to measure greater numbers of chemicals in the human body and tissues. In order to achieve this purpose, HBM focuses on the use of biomarkers as measurable indicators of early changes in biological systems. However, because data interpretation requires caution, it is strongly recommended that the interpretation of HBM results be combined with air monitoring data or pharmacokinetic modelling in order to better understand exposure sources and the metabolism of chemicals.
Evaluation of Genotoxic Effects of Asbestos on Occupationally Exposed Workers in Brazil
Authors: Costa Amaral Isabele C. , Joca Francisco J. Guimarães , Carvalho Leandro V. B. , Castro Vinicio S. , Pereira Natália C. , Murata Marcos M. , Mainenti Helena R. D. , Mitri Simone , Ribeiro Patrícia C. , Rodrigues Carla F. , Teixeira Liliane R. , Collins Andrew R. , Larentis Ariane L. , Sarcinelli Paula N. , Castro Hermano A. , Mattos Rita C.O.C. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Genotoxic effects of occupational workers exposed to asbestos can be evaluated using different biomarkers as oxidative stress enzymes in conjuction with comet assay. This study assessed changes to oxidative stress enzymatic parameters and genotoxic damage in workers occupationally exposed and non-exposed to chrysotile asbestos, who attended the outpatient Clinic of the Center for Worker Health Studies and Human Ecology (CESTEH/ENSP/FIOCRUZ) in Brazil. Chest radiography and spirometry were performed to assess clinical progression of symptoms. The traditional visual score comet assay in peripheral whole blood cells was used to assess DNA damage, and oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities. Respiratory alterations were observed in 53% of workers exposed, as determined by pulmonary function and bronchodilation, and 6 workers were diagnosed with asbestosis. The comet assay was statistically significantly higher in the exposed group and individuals with asbestosis compared to the non-exposed group and individuals without asbestosis, respectively. Linear regression analysis showed that 28,4% and 50,5% of comet assay results were increased by exposure to asbestos and developed asbestosis. The results of CAT and GST were not difference between the groups. These results supports the association of genotoxic damage and the onset of asbestosis by chrysotile asbestos exposure in workers of this study.
Embodied Cognition Processing and Representation of Power Words by Second Language Learners with Different Proficiency levels
Authors: Qian Wang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractConceptual Metaphor Theory believes that sensorimotor information should be an integral element in representing abstract concepts and can be activated as the way of abstract conceptual processing. Metaphor can be a bridge between the abstract concept of power and the body perception experience since embodiment serves as a basis for metaphorical thinking. Using E-PRIME experimentation, the present study investigated the features in vertical space representation of English power words of second language learners with different levels of proficiency. The statistics indicated that: 1) For such learners, the representation of power words would trigger the vertically spatial metaphor, which brings about “word-space” interaction effect, 2) Chinese English learners with different levels in L2 demonstrate stronger representation abilities in L1 than that of L2, regardless of their L2 proficiency level. 3) Learners’ second language proficiency exerts influence upon the representation of the English power words.
Volterra operators on Hardy spaces of Dirichlet series
Authors: Brevig Ole Fredrik , Perfekt Karl-Mikael , Seip Kristian 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
For a Dirichlet series symbol

g
⁢

(
s
)

=

∑

n
≥
1

b
n

⁢

n

-
s

{g(s)=\sum_{n\geq 1}b_{n}n^{-s}}

, the associated Volterra operator

𝐓
g

{\mathbf{T}_{g}}

acting on a Dirichlet series

f
⁢

(
s
)

=

∑

n
≥
1

a
n

⁢

n

-
s

{f(s)=\sum_{n\geq 1}a_{n}n^{-s}}

is defined by the integral

f
↦

-

∫
s

+
∞

f
⁢

(
w
)

⁢

g
′

⁢

(
w
)

⁢

𝑑
w

.

{f\mapsto-\int_{s}^{+\infty}f(w)g^{\prime}(w)\,dw}.

We show that

𝐓
g

{\mathbf{T}_{g}}

is a bounded operator on the Hardy space

ℋ
p

{\mathcal{H}^{p}}

of Dirichlet series with

0
<
p
<
∞

{0<p<\infty}

if and only if the symbol g satisfies a Carleson measure condition. When appropriately restricted to one complex variable, our condition coincides with the standard Carleson measure characterization of

BMOA
⁡

(
𝔻
)

{{\operatorname{BMOA}}(\mathbb{D})}

. A further analogy with classical

BMO

{{\operatorname{BMO}}}

is that

exp
⁡

(

c
⁢

|
g
|

)

{\exp(c|g|)}

is integrable (on the infinite polytorus) for some

c
>
0

{c>0}

whenever

𝐓
g

{\mathbf{T}_{g}}

is bounded. In particular, such g belong to

ℋ
p

{\mathcal{H}^{p}}

for every

p
<
∞

{p<\infty}

. We relate the boundedness of

𝐓
g

{\mathbf{T}_{g}}

to several other

BMO

{{\operatorname{BMO}}}

-type spaces:

BMOA

{{\operatorname{BMOA}}}

in half-planes, the dual of

ℋ
1

{\mathcal{H}^{1}}

, and the space of symbols of bounded Hankel forms. Moreover, we study symbols whose coefficients enjoy a multiplicative structure and obtain coefficient estimates for m-homogeneous symbols as well as for general symbols. Finally, we consider the action of

𝐓
g

{\mathbf{T}_{g}}

on reproducing kernels for appropriate sequences of subspaces of

ℋ
2

{\mathcal{H}^{2}}

. Our proofs employ function and operator theoretic techniques in one and several variables; a variety of number theoretic arguments are used throughout the paper in our study of special classes of symbols g.
Culturally Responsive Dispositions in Prospective Mathematics Teachers
Authors: Williams Desha L. , Edwards Belinda , Kuhel Karen A. , Lim Woong 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Sustaining teachers in culturally and linguistically diverse schools has been a prominent issue for years. This qualitative study focused on the impact of an enhanced preparation program on the cultural dispositions of five pre-service mathematics teachers. It is postulated that if positive cultural dispositions are developed in teacher candidates, the possibility of them remaining in cultural school settings is likely. Themes emerged demonstrating that the enhanced program heightened the participants’ awareness of cultural and linguistic differences, as well as, their commitment to impacting academic achievement. Of the five participants, four teach in a culturally and linguistically school after five years in the profession, demonstrating sustainability after participating in the enhanced program.
Philosophy of Sustainable Development, Polish Perspective
Authors: Zygmunt Tomasz 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of the present paper is to awake awareness of the term “sustainable development” and show that the very term is not understood in a unilateral way. A discrepancy of perception and thus understanding of the notion of sustainability blurs its meaning. Numerous scholars and researchers use the term sustainable or sustainability to refer to the area where abilities of using methods to prevent natural resources can be demonstrated. Besides, scholars and researchers, especially in Central Europe, approach sustainability in a holistic way, paying more attention to a doer (subject) than to the doer’s vicinity full of natural resources (objects). Also school teachers in Poland, when given a task to explain the meaning of sustainable development, tend to underscore personal, social and intellectuals’ abilities and skills of people. The teachers’ observations served as catalysts to develop the presented in the paper discussion and conclusions.
Enhancing Religious Education Through Worldview Exploration
Authors: Valk John , Tosun Aybiçe 
Published: December 2016

AbstractExploring one’s worldview requires a journey into one’s heart, soul and mind (Knowing Self). But Knowing Self requires Knowing Others, imperative in a global world. To what extent do schools prepare students for participation in that global world, especially when it comes to awareness of its worldview diversity, and no less its religious diversity? This paper presents the findings of two research projects highlighting knowledge, awareness and attitudes towards various worldviews. The findings of the first is rather discouraging, a result of little to no attention given to teaching about religion in the schools. The second is much more encouraging, a result of worldview education that explores both religious and secular worldviews – their impacts on individuals and society. It then gives a brief description of a worldview framework that deepens and broadens awareness and understanding of self and others, encourages questioning and openness, and develops critical thinking.
How Sustainable is Pupil Self-Esteem as an Educational Objective for Religious Minorities?
Authors: Thanissaro Phra Nicholas 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Although the importance of self-esteem in educational achievement is contested, it remains a significant touchstone of multicultural religious education. This study set out to establish differences in demographics and attitudes between high self-esteem and low self-esteem Buddhist teenagers who are a small religious minority in Britain. Low self-esteem teens expressed less well-being, more worry in relationships with their family and friends, low motivation in school, more supernatural beliefs, more introversion, felt Buddhism irrelevant and used the internet more. Self-esteem was not linked to religious values or environmental concern. Narrow focus on self-esteem as an educational aim risks the known weaknesses of multiculturalism that have since been overcome in pluralist education. The limited usefulness of the self-esteem concept does however reveal ways forward for teachers of minority education, introverts and sustainability.
Evaluating Lifewide Learning Habits of Academicians for Sustainable Development
Authors: Soylu Buket Aslandağ , Yelken Tuğba Yanpar , Külekci Mustafa Kemal 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In today’s higher education institutions in which sustainable development has been highly emphasized, individuals have changed the understanding of graduates of higher education; as such universities have emerged into a reconstruction period. In such a process, universities have been in need of academicians who are well development in both personal and professional domains. The concept of Lifewide learning, which is an important sustainable development tool, has underlined the fact that people should graduate as wholly-developed people to fulfill the needs of future societies, which releases the idea that academicians are to be role models for students. This study reflects on the research designed to develop and test an instrument that could identify the component of an academician’s Lifewide learning habits. Because of the complex nature of the Lifewide learning, considerable attempts were made in order to handle the process of classifying the cognitive, affective, social, technical and cultural domains related to academicians working in faculties of education. The developed instrument was trialled with 50 academicians, and the data was subjected to an explanatory factor analysis, allowing the identification of 6 sub-dimensions of Lifewide learning. These dimensions appeared to be capable of differentiating between problem-solving, professional habits, cultural interaction, leadership, care-based habits and leisure habits of academicians. The final version of the scale was applied to 211 academicians from faculties of education at 30 universities via “Google Drive”, and Lifewide habits of related people were assessed regarding their gender, title and department. Depending on the collected data, Lifewide learning habits of academicians were discussed, and some suggestions were proposed to support their professional and personal development.
Mirolysin, a LysargiNase from Tannerella forsythia, proteolytically inactivates the human cathelicidin, LL-37
Authors: Koneru Lahari , Ksiazek Miroslaw , Waligorska Irena , Straczek Anna , Lukasik Magdalena , Madej Mariusz , Thøgersen Ida B. , Enghild Jan J. , Potempa Jan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Tannerella forsythia is a periodontal pathogen expressing six secretory proteolytic enzymes with a unique multidomain structure referred to as KLIKK proteases. Two of these proteases, karilysin and mirolysin, were previously shown to protect the bacterium against complement-mediated bactericidal activity. The latter metalloprotease, however, was not characterized at the protein level. Therefore, we purified recombinant mirolysin and subjected it to detailed biochemical characterization. Mirolysin was obtained as a 66 kDa zymogen, which autoproteolytically processed itself into a 31 kDa active form via truncations at both the N- and C-termini. Further autodegradation was prevented by calcium. Substrate specificity was determined by the S1′ subsite of the substrate-binding pocket, which shows strong preference for Arg and Lys at the carbonyl side of a scissile peptide bond (P1′ residue). The protease cleaved an array of host proteins, including human fibronectin, fibrinogen, complement proteins C3, C4, and C5, and the antimicrobial peptide, LL-37. Degradation of LL-37 abolished not only the bactericidal activity of the peptide, but also its ability to bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS), thus quenching the endotoxin proinflammatory activity. Taken together, these results indicate that, through cleavage of LL-37 and complement proteins, mirolysin might be involved in evasion of the host immune response.