bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O processo de sucessão em diferentes combinações de gênero: um estudo comparativo de casos em empresas familiares de Monte Carmelo, MG
Authors: Van Herk Vasconcelos Andrea Costa , De Oliveira Márcia Freire , Fernandes Vivian Duarte Couto 
Published: March 2017

Neste artigo teve-se como objetivo analisar os desafios enfrentados por sucessores no processo de sucessão em empresas familiares, considerando diferentes combinações de gênero. A pesquisa é aplicada, qualitativa e exploratória, sendo um estudo comparativo de casos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, estruturadas, em seis empresas da Cidade de Monte Carmelo, MG, e utilizou-se de análise de conteúdo para o tratamento dos dados. Os resultados apontam que nas combinações sucessor/sucedido (pai/filho – pai/filha – mãe/filho – mãe/filha), alguns pontos são comuns: conflitos entre os membros, falta de planejamento, ideias de impotência por parte dos sucedidos e, em contrapartida, muito gosto pelos negócios. Na gestão conjunta (sucedido/sucessor), os conflitos são contundentes em que o sucedido é do sexo masculino (pai/filho e pai/filha). Na efetivação do processo sucessório, as mulheres/irmãs são colocadas à parte quando os sucedidos/sucessores são do sexo masculino (pai/filho) e vice-versa, os homens/irmãos são colocados à parte quando da combinação mãe/filha. Por fim, sucessores homens não necessitam provar suas capacidades perante os sucedidos/sucedidas (pai/filho e mãe/filho), enquanto para as sucessoras essa é uma questão essencial (pai/filha e mãe/filha).Palavras-chave: Empresas familiares. Processo sucessório. Gênero. Abstract In this article, the objective was to analyze the challenges faced by successors in the succession process in family businesses, considering different gender combinations. The research is applied, qualitative and exploratory, being a comparative case study. Data were collected through in-depth structured interviews at six companies in Monte Carmelo City, MG, and content analysis was used for the data treatment. The results show that in the successor/successed combinations (father/son – father/daughter – mother/son – mother/daughter), there are similarities: conflicts among members, lack of planning, disability feeling on successors despite the business passion. In joint management (sucessed/successor), there are hard conflicts when the sucessed is male (father/son and father/daughter). In effecting the succession process, women/sisters are set apart when sucessed/successors are male (father/son) and vice versa, men/brothers are set apart when there is a mother/daughter combination. Finally, male successors do not need to prove their abilities to succeed (father/son and mother/son), but in women successors this is an essential issue (father/daughter and mother/daughter). Keywords: Family businesses. Succession process. Gender.
O corpo técnico das CAPs e IAPs e a inserção de inovações na moradia urbana (Nordeste, décadas de 1940-1960)
Authors: Almeida Caliane Christie Oliveira de , Lima Luiza Maria Medeiros de , Ferreira Ângela Lúcia 
Published: March 2017

Profissionais vinculados às Caixas e Institutos de Aposentadoria e Pensões (CAPs/IAPs) se mostraram engajados em pensar e pôr em prática soluções espaciais, plástico-formais e tecnológicas para a moradia urbana no Brasil, entre as décadas de 1930 e 1960. Grande parte desse corpo técnico tem sua trajetória e atuação pouco conhecida, especialmente no Nordeste do país. O artigo objetiva contribuir para a discussão sobre a inserção profissional desses projetistas no plano institucional e na introdução de inovações na habitação, exemplificando a contribuição de arquitetos e – sobretudo – engenheiros que atuaram junto a esses órgãos em Salvador, Recife, São Luiz, Teresina, Fortaleza, João Pessoa e, mais especificamente, em Natal, nos anos 1940-1960. Dessa forma, busca-se ampliar as análises destes agentes na consolidação da arquitetura moderna no Brasil e dar elementos para o reconhecimento e debate sobre o valor patrimonial dessa produção. Baseia-se em dados dos processos de financiamento arquivados nas agências regionais do INSS, registros do CREA, revistas e legislação da época, além de estudos e materiais iconográficos publicados sobre os personagens. Um levantamento inicial permitiu identificar mais de duzentos nomes. Esses estavam envolvidos na concepção, avaliação e fiscalização de projetos e obras, parte dos quais demonstra a tradução de aspectos do ideário moderno na forma edificada. Concentrados nos escritórios de Recife e Salvador encontram-se dentre eles ícones do modernismo reconhecidos nacionalmente, além de figuras pouco ou – possivelmente – jamais mencionadas na historiografia. Aventa-se que sua circulação (e de suas ideias) entre estados e regiões foi favorecida pelo modo de estruturação organizacional das CAPs/IAPs e das ações imobiliárias que realizaram. Destaca-se, portanto, a relevante contribuição destes corpos técnicos para a consolidação do repertório modernista na arquitetura no Nordeste e aponta-se para a re-constituição das trajetórias daqueles profissionais como perspectiva de continuidade das pesquisas que fundamentaram este trabalho.
Engenheiros consultores: profissionais do desenvolvimento territorial e urbano – 1960-1970
Authors: Pulhez Magaly Marques 
Published: March 2017

O trabalho propõe introduzir uma reflexão sobre a historicidade de um personagem usualmente pouco tratado na galeria de estudos sobre os temas do desenvolvimento territorial e urbano: o engenheiro consultor. As origens da Engenharia Consultiva na verdade confundem-se com o próprio desenvolvimento econômico do país nas primeiras décadas do século XX, quando identificamos os momentos primordiais de arranque rumo à industrialização e à urbanização. Além disso, trata-se também de um processo evidentemente ligado à própria afirmação de um campo profissional, quando os engenheiros gradualmente passam a se deslocar das atividades manufatureiras dos canteiros de obra para os escritórios de projeto e consultoria, reivindicando seu conhecimento técnico e científico sobre o processo de produção do espaço, seu posto propriamente gerencial na tarefa de contribuir ao desenvolvimento nacional. No campo de especialidades em que transitam, estes profissionais alcançarão o comando de grandes empresas de engenharia do setor consultivo que, por sua vez, irão se espraiar, sobretudo entre os anos 1960 e 1970, por áreas de atuação as mais diversas – desde o projeto de hidrelétricas, estradas e portos ao desenvolvimento de planos diretores locais, numa movimentação alavancada pelos altos investimentos estatais direcionados à construção da infraestrutura de um país em franco processo de expansão urbana.
A Europa do conhecimento e da aprendizagem: principais comportamentos espaciais da "Europa dos 27"
Authors: Gama Rui Jorge , Fernandes Ricardo 
Published: March 2017

No contexto da nova economia do conhecimento e da aprendizagem, a Europa tem procurado novos paradigmas de desenvolvimento como resposta a novas diferenciações espaciais entre países com lógicas contextuais diferentes. No sentido de se perceber as dinâmicas dos países da Europa a 27, é central analisar um conjunto de indicadores que permitam refletir sobre as trajetórias relacionadas com o conhecimento, a inovação e as tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC). Procura-se assim entender os diferentes padrões espaciais a partir de um conjunto de dimensões e indicadores, identificando comportamentos comuns com base num tratamento estatístico multivariado. Utiliza-se uma análise fatorial de componentes principais e uma análise classificatória, para se encontrar fatores que traduzam não só a tendência dos padrões espaciais com características semelhantes, procurando refletir sobre o papel das políticas de desenvolvimento regional.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Kelas VIII Sekolah ABC Topik Relasi dan Fungsi [The Implementation of the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) Cooperative Learning Type to Improve Conceptual Understanding of Relation and Function Topics of Grade VIII Students at ABC School]
Authors: Tipa Debima Solli Ruruk , Izaak Maya Puspitasari , Appulembang Oce Datu 
Published: March 2017

<p>This research was based on the observation that most of the students had low conceptual understanding. The Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) Cooperative Learning type was applied. The purpose of the research was to increase conceptual understanding through the implementation of STAD and to understand the procedures of STAD Cooperative Learning in increasing conceptual understanding. This was the Classroom Action Research (CAR) model by Kemmis and Taggart that was conducted between August 3, 2015 and September 21, 2015 at the Grade VIII ABC School. There were three cycles of CAR that involved 32 students. The instruments of data collection were a test paper, a group assignment sheet, an open-ended observation sheet, a questionnaire, a mentor feedback sheet, a mentor and a student interview sheet, and reflection journals. Based on the data analysis, it was found that the implementation of STAD Cooperative Learning was able to increase the conceptual understanding of Grade VIII students on the topics of Relation and Function. </p><p><em><em>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK:</em> Penelitian ini didasarkan atas hasil observasi yang menemukan bahwa sebagian besar siswa memiliki pemahaman konsep yang rendah.Pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) dicoba untuk diterapkan. Penerapan STAD diharapkan dapat mencapai tujuan penelitian yaitu meningkatkan pemahaman konsep melalui penerapan STAD dan mengetahui langkah-langkah pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan model Kemmis dan Taggart yang berlangsung selama 03 Agustus 2015 - 21 September 2015 di kelas VIII di sekolah ABC. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tiga siklus dengan melibatkan 32 siswa. Adapun instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yaitu lembar tes, lembar LKK kelompok, lembar observasi terbuka, lembar angket, lembar umpan balik mentor, lembar wawancara siswa dan mentor, dan jurnal refleksi. Berdasarkan analisis data, diperoleh bahwa penerapan tahapan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) mampu meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa kelas VIII pada topik relasi dan fungsi.</em></p>
Effects of Cover Crops and Phosphorus Sources on Maize Yield, Phosphorus Uptake, and Phosphorus Use Efficiency
Authors: Pavinato Paulo Sergio , Rodrigues Marcos , Soltangheisi Amin , Sartor Laércio Ricardo , Withers Paul John Anthony 
Published: March 2017

Core Ideas
Phosphorus recycling by cover crops in a typical Brazilian cropping system.
Maize response to phosphate sources under no‐till management.
Residual effects of phosphate sources in tropical weathered soils.
Rock phosphate was more effective than soluble phosphate in supplying P for maize over time.
This research evaluated the potential benefits of winter cover crops on the utilization and cycling of P in Brazilian tropical cropping systems. The effect of P fertilizer [none, rock phosphate (RP), and soluble phosphate (single superphosphate, SSP)] in combination with cover crop residues (common vetch [Vicia sativa L.], white lupin [Lupinus albus L.], forage radish [Raphanus sativus L.], ryegrass [Lolium multiflorum Lam], black oat [Avena strigosa Schreb.], red clover [Trifolium pratense L.], and fallow) were evaluated on maize (Zea mays L.) yield and P use efficiency over three maize cropping seasons under no‐tillage, from 2009 to 2012. Cover crop yields and P uptake were higher under phosphate fertilizers than nil‐P across all seasons evaluated. The highest amounts of P recycled in cover crops over the period were under white lupin, followed by radish and ryegrass, but without any significant cover crop effect on maize yield. The largest response and greatest P use efficiency (30 kg grain per kg P applied) was obtained in the third year of evaluation, when maize yield was restricted by low rainfall. In this year, RP promoted greater maize yield than SSP and the nil‐P. Soil available P at the end of the experiment was higher under RP than SSP. It is concluded that RP solubility is higher than currently predicted (9% P2O5 in citric acid). Cover crops were not able to affect maize yield after 3 yr of leaving the residues on the surface, however they can reduce the soil loss by erosion and runoff.
Corn Era Hybrid Dry Matter and Macronutrient Accumulation across Development Stages
Authors: Woli Krishna P. , Sawyer John E. , Boyer Matthew J. , Abendroth Lori J. , Elmore Roger W. 
Published: March 2017

Core Ideas
Evaluating corn dry matter and macronutrient accumulation patterns across era hybrids is necessary to understand changes in plant nutrient requirements and effects on accumulation timing and fertilization management.
Era hybrids differed in dry matter and nutrient accumulation, with differences in nutrient content mainly related to dry matter production.
Dry matter and P accumulation was linear, however, N and K accumulation slowed during the reproductive stages.
Although the absolute dry matter production and nutrient content was greater with the most recent hybrids, relative to the maximum dry matter and N, P, and K content and the accumulation rate (cumulative growing degree unit‐based) remained the same across era hybrids.
Results indicate that overall dry matter production and yield potential has been mainly responsible for changes in corn macronutrient requirements with development of new hybrids.
Evaluating corn (Zea mays L.) aboveground dry matter (DM) and macronutrient accumulation patterns across era hybrids is necessary to understand changes in plant nutrient requirements and effects on accumulation timing and fertilization management. Two popular hybrids for each of five era‐decades from 1960 to 2000 were grown in 2007 and 2008. Whole plant samples were collected at 10 development stages, with dry matter (DM), N, P, and K determined. Era hybrids differed in DM and nutrient accumulation, with differences in nutrient content mainly related to DM production. The 1960 to 1990 era hybrids were more similar in DM and nutrient content across development stages compared to the 2000 era hybrids which had the greatest content. Dry matter and P accumulation was linear (V6–R5 stages), however, N and K accumulation slowed during the reproductive stages. While the fraction of maximum plant content at R1 averaged 48, 71, 58, and 83% across hybrids for DM, N, P, and K, respectively; the ranges were 43 to 52% for DM (1990 and 1960), 64 to 78% for N (1990 and 1960), 55 to 60% for P (2000 and1960), and 69 to 93% for K (1990 and 1960). Although the absolute DM production and nutrient content was greater with the most recent hybrids, relative to the maximum DM, N, P, and K content and the accumulation rate, growing degree unit based, remained the same across era hybrids. This indicates that overall DM production and yield potential has been mainly responsible for changes in corn macronutrient requirements with development of new hybrids.
Climatic Effects on Phosphorus Fractions of Native and Cultivated North American Grassland Soils
Authors: Siebers Nina , Sumann Matthias , Kaiser Klaus , Amelung Wulf 
Published: March 2017

Core IdeasInfluence of climate on phosphorus dynamics in soil.Regression analyses for climosequence in Great Plains.Influence of cultivation and size fractions on phosphorus dynamics.The climatic regime influences the turnover of P in soils, resulting in shifts in P fractions of different bonding forms. Here, we aimed at (i) identifying possible changes in P fractions as related to mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP), as well as (ii) elucidating how these patterns change under long‐term agriculture. We analyzed different P fractions after sequential extraction according to the Hedley procedure from the top 10 cm of 18 native grassland sites and adjacent long‐term agricultural fields along a temperature and precipitation transect from central Saskatoon to south Texas. The analyses were performed on bulk soils and clay fractions. The results showed that total P (Ptot) concentrations decreased with increasing MAT but were not clearly related to MAP. The contributions of total inorganic P (Pitot) and total organic P (Potot) to Ptotdid neither change with MAT nor with MAP. The proportions of individual soil fractions were shifted from the labile and easily extractable P bonding forms to the more stable, residual P fractions with increasing annual temperature. Arable cropping induced loss of organic P (Po). The relationships to the climatic factors were sustained for the arable soil, but better reflected in the clay fractions than in the bulk soil. We conclude that there is a gross pattern of soil P distribution related to the climate, likely reflecting the increased biological processing as well as and progressing weathering and neoformation of secondary mineral phases as annual temperatures rise.
Construction of Membership Functions for Soil Mapping using the Partial Dependence of Soil on Environmental Covariates Calculated by Random Forest
Authors: Zeng Canying , Yang Lin , Zhu A-Xing 
Published: March 2017

Core Ideas
This study develops a method to construct membership functions representing knowledge on soil–environment relationships from partial dependence.
Use of representative samples as training samples is recommended when applying the proposed method.
Training samples (including representative samples and other samples) with good coverage in the environmental feature space would allow Random Forest to obtain more accurate soil maps than using representative samples.
Partial dependence plots generated by Random Forest imply an association between soil and environmental variables.
Partial dependence plots generated by Random Forest (RF) imply an association between soil and environmental variables. This study develops a method to construct membership functions representing knowledge of soil–environment relationships from partial dependence. Key parameters were obtained from normalized partial dependence to define class limits and membership gradation. Seven environmental variables were selected on the basis of the variable's importance within RF. Two cases were conducted to test the effectiveness of our method using different training samples. Case 1 used 33 representative locations as training samples and 50 locations as validations. Case 2 randomly split all 83 samples into training and validation subsets at a proportion of 2:1; the splits were repeated seven times. For each case, the generated membership functions were used for mapping soil subgroups in Heshan, China, under the Soil Landscape Inference Model framework; RF was conducted for comparison. The results showed that mapping accuracy based on the membership functions (78%) was much higher than that of RF only (60%) in Case 1. In Case 2, the mapping accuracies using membership functions (an average of 67%, SD = 6.5%) were not always higher than those by RF (an average of 67%, SD = 8.0%). The constructed membership functions were impacted by the training samples. Use of representative training samples is recommended when applying the proposed method. However, training samples (including representative samples and other samples) with good coverage in the environmental feature space would allow RF to obtain more accurate soil maps than using representative samples.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL PADA MATA PELAJARAN PEMROGRAMAN WEB DINAMIS KELAS XI DENGAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DI SMK NEGERI 2 TABANAN
Authors: Pebriyawan I M Dedi , Darmawiguna I Gede Mahendra , Sindu I Gede Partha 
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) Untuk mengimplementasikan pengembangan e-modul pada mata pelajaran pemrograman web dinamis kelas XI dengan model Problem Based Learning di SMK Negeri 2 Tabanan. (2) Untuk mengetahui respon siswa dan guru terhadap pengembangan e-modul pada mata pelajaran pemrograman web dinamis kelas XI dengan model Problem Based Learning di SMK Negeri 2 Tabanan.Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah research and development (R&D), dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas XI Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak dan guru mata pelajaran pemrograman web dinamis di SMK Negeri 2 Tabanan tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Untuk mengetahui respon siswa dan guru terhadap e-modul diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode angket.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Hasil implementasi e-modul yang telah dikembangkan pada mata pelajaran pemrograman web dinamis untuk siswa kelas XI Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning di SMK Negeri 2 Tabanan dinyatakan berhasil diterapkan berdasarkan beberapa uji yang dilakukan. 2) Hasil analisis data respon siswa menunjukkan bahwa persentase siswa yang memberikan respon sangat baik sebesar 47,37% persentase siswa yang memberikan respon baik sebesar 52,63% dan tidak ada siswa yang memberikan respon cukup, kurang, maupun sangat kurang dan mendapatkan presentase tingkat pencapaian e-modul sebesar 91,65%, dilihat dari kesesuaian tampilan, kemudahan penggunaan e-modul, motivasi terhadap siswa dan isi konten. Sedangkan hasil analisis data respon guru mendapatkan hasil sangat baik. Kata kunci: E-Modul, Pemrograman Web Dinamis, Model Problem Based Learning, Blended Learning
IMPLEMENTASI UJI KOMPETENSI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS LULUSAN SMK NEGERI BIDANG TEKNOLOGI DI PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Santiyadnya Nyoman 
Published: March 2017

Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) merupakan sekolah menengah yang bertujuan mencetak lulusannya menjadi tenaga-tenaga terampil dan profesional dibidangnya sesuai dengan program studi keahliannya yang selalu berwawasan pada masa depan dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas pelaksanaan uji kompetensi di SMK teknologi dan pengaruhnya terhadap profesionalisme lulusannya. Untuk mendapatkan data terkait kualitas pelaksanaan uji kompetensi dilakukan dengan cara observasi langsung ke SMK, sedangkan data profesionalisme lululusan dilakukan penelusuran alumni. Data yang diperoleh kemudian di deskripsikan guna memperoleh gambaran tentang kualitas uji kompetensi dan pengaruhnya terhadap lulusan SMK. Dari hasil analisis diketahui bahwa untuk mencapai kompetensi keahlian tersebut ada babarapa hal yang menjadi bahan pertimbangan, yaitu: perkembangan teknologi, pasar kerja, pertambahan penduduk, perubahan pola kerja, konsep keunggulan lokal, sarana prasarana, jumlah dan mutu guru. Untuk mencetak lulusan SMK yang mampu mandiri dan profesional sangat diperlukan jumlah dan mutu guru serta sarana prasarana yang memadai dengan memperhatikan keunggulan lokal di mana SMK tersebut berada. Dengan demikian lulusan SMK dapat memenuhi pasar kerja. Kata-kata kunci: SMK teknologi, uji kompetensi, profesionalisme lulusan.
RAMBUT INDAH DAN CANTIK DENGAN KOSMETIKA TRADISIONAL
Authors: Angendari Made Diah 
Published: March 2017

Peranan rambut sangat penting untuk diperhatikan, karena rambut bukan hanya sebagai pelindung kepala dari berbagai hal seperti bahaya benturan/pukulan benda keras, sengatan sinar matahari, dan sebagainya, tetapi ia juga merupakan “perhiasan” yang berharga. Rambut yang tebal, panjang, hitam/berwarna, berkilau, sehat dan mudah diatur memberikan daya pesona tersendiri bagi pemiliknya. Keadaan kehidupan kita di alam tropis dengan udara panas, mengakibatkan banyak berkeringat dan banyaknya debu. Oleh karena itu teknik dan penggunaan kosmetika yang digunakan untuk perawatan kulit harus berfungsi untuk memelihara kesehatan kulit, mempertahankan kondisi kulit agar tetap baik dan mampu mencegah timbulnya kelainan pada kulit akibat proses usia, pengaruh lingkungan dan sinar matahari Perawatan rambut agar menjadi indah dan sehat dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan kosmetika tradisional. Kata-kata Kunci: Kosmetika Tradisional, Rambut, Indah