bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strontium(II) and mechanical loading additively augment bone formation in calcium phosphate scaffolds
Authors: Reitmaier Sandra , Kovtun Anna , Schuelke Julian , Kanter Britta , Lemm Madlin , Hoess Andreas , Heinemann Sascha , Nies Berthold , Ignatius Anita 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTCalcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are widely used for bone‐defect treatment. Current developments comprise the fabrication of porous scaffolds by three‐dimensional plotting and doting using biologically active substances, such as strontium. Strontium is known to increase osteoblast activity and simultaneously to decrease osteoclast resorption. This study investigated the short‐ and long‐term in vivo performances of strontium(II)‐doted CPC (SrCPC) scaffolds compared to non‐doted CPC scaffolds after implantation in unloaded or load‐bearing trabecular bone defects in sheep. After 6 weeks, both CPC and SrCPC scaffolds exhibited good biocompatibility and osseointegration. Fluorochrome labeling revealed that both scaffolds were penetrated by newly formed bone already after 4 weeks. Neither strontium doting nor mechanical loading significantly influenced early bone formation. In contrast, after 6 months, bone formation was significantly enhanced in SrCPC compared to CPC scaffolds. Energy dispersive X‐ray analysis demonstrated the release of strontium from the SrCPC into the bone. Strontium addition did not significantly influence material resorption or osteoclast formation. Mechanical loading significantly stimulated bone formation in both CPC and SrCPC scaffolds after 6 months without impairing scaffold integrity. The most bone was found in SrCPC scaffolds under load‐bearing conditions. Concluding, these results demonstrate that strontium doting and mechanical loading additively stimulated bone formation in CPC scaffolds and that the scaffolds exhibited mechanical stability under moderate load, implying good clinical suitability. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:106–117, 2018.
A comparison of the phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of different Cichorium spinosum L. ecotypes
Authors: Petropoulos Spyridon A , Fernandes Ângela , Barros Lillian , Ferreira Isabel CFR 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDWild greens are considered a rich source of phenolic compounds and antioxidants and an essential part of the so‐called Mediterranean diet. In the present study, Cichorium spinosum L. ecotypes, cultivated or collected in situ from wild plants from the eastern Mediterranean, were evaluated regarding their phenolic composition and antioxidant activity.RESULTSSignificant differences were observed among the various studied ecotypes regarding their phenolic compound content and profile, especially between wild and cultivated ecotypes, as well as the phenolic acid content between commercial products and cultivated plants. The antioxidant activity also varied among the various studied ecotypes and growing conditions, with commercial products having the highest antioxidant activity, whereas wild ecotypes showed lower antioxidant activity.CONCLUSIONCichorium spinosum leaves are a rich source of chicoric and 5‐O‐caffeoylquinic acid, while significant differences in total phenolic acids, flavonoids and phenolic compound content and in antioxidant activity were observed among the studied ecotypes, as well as between the tested growing conditions. According to the results of the present study, further valorization of C. spinosum species has great potential, since it could be used as a new alternative species in the food industry. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
The effect of age on microsurgical free flap outcomes: An analysis of 5,951 cases
Authors: Jubbal Kevin T. , Zavlin Dmitry , Suliman Ahmed 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe growing elderly population necessitates a greater number of aging patients requiring complex reconstructive surgery involving free tissue transfer. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of microsurgical free tissue transfer in elderly patients using a national multi‐institutional database.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database to identify patients undergoing free tissue transfer. We stratified cohorts based on ages 18–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and 80+ years and analyzed primary outcomes of surgical complications, medical complications, mortality, and flap failure.ResultsA total of 5,951 patients were identified for inclusion in the analysis. Univariate analysis demonstrated progressively increasing surgical (P = .001) and medical (P < .001) complication rates with increasing age. After controlling for confounding variables, age was not significantly associated with rates of surgical (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99–1.01, P = .737) or medical (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99–1.03, P = .209) complications, flap failure (OR 1.00, 95% CI 1.00–1.02, P = .689), or reoperation (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.03, P = 0.165). Factors associated with surgical complications included BMI (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00–1.05, P = .031), prolonged operative time (OR 1.001, 95% CI 1.000–1.002, P = .002), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification of 3 or greater (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.17–2.23, P = .003), and prolonged hospitalization (OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.04, P < .001). ASA classification of 3 or greater (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.48‐4.45, P = .001), renal history (OR 10.13, 95% CI 1.57–65.55, P = .015), and prolonged hospitalization (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04‐1.08, P < .001) were associated with medical complications. Age was associated with increased mortality (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.00–1.13, P = .048).ConclusionAge alone should not be used as an absolute or even relative contraindication in patient assessment. Rather, preoperative assessment should focus on comorbidities and assessment of physiologic age instead of chronologic age. Optimization of these comorbidities is key to sustaining favorable outcomes in microsurgical free flap reconstruction in the elderly population.
52‐1: Invited Paper: Driving Forces ‐ How Mobility of Tomorrow Influences Technologies of Today
Authors: Yao Luc , Langguth Nadine , Schroth Dieter , Maisch Roman 
Published: June 2017

The mobility needs of modern societies, cities and users are different from the past. Consequently, the dynamic changes of the automotive industry trigger both challenges and opportunities. The presentation will discuss these trends and plausible future scenarios.In order to facilitate these positive changes, we recognised the potential of innovative technologies, including the liquid crystal displays. As the display is the key interface between users and devices/ vehicles, key industry players have acknowledged its significant role in attaining users’ satisfaction. The presentation will outline several initiatives driving technology developments to fulfil the emerging needs.In the open innovation era, few companies can claim to possess all future technologies in‐house. Therefore, collaborations among players with complementary technologies are especially essential to accelerate new product/ service/ solution development. New industry formation also requires new quality of communication among key value chain players to learn industry insight and to establish mutually beneficial partnerships. The rationale and the objectives of our automotive platform will be introduced.
61‐1: Invited Paper: Light‐field Display Architecture and the Challenge of Synthetic Light‐field Radiance Image Rendering
Authors: Burnett Thomas L. 
Published: June 2017

The ability to render 3D data/scenes onto 2D displays have greatly enhanced the human ability to visualize complex scenes. However, when 3D information is projected in 2D, many of the natural depth cues are lost or are incorrect requiring a higher cognitive effort from the viewer to reconstruct the scene.A light‐field display projects perspective correct, full parallax 3D aerial imagery independent of the number of viewers or viewer positions. As such, light‐field displays enable collaboration and promote the analysis of complex information; however, the generation of the synthetic light‐field is computationally challenging with off‐the‐shelf GPUs. Light‐field projection fidelity aside, the high Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) cost of light‐field rendering ultimately limits the deployment of light‐field display systems. This is partly due to the issue that the modern GPUs and rendering APIs do not support multi‐view rendering natively.
62‐1: Invited Paper: Progress Toward the ICDM2 Display Measurements Standard
Authors: Miseli Joe 
Published: June 2017

The ICDM (International Committee for Display Metrology) is a standardization committee of SID and in 2012 produced what may be considered to be the most comprehensive and widely used Display Measurement Standard. It was the first standard ever produced within STD.Now the ICDM is working on version two of the standard, ICDM2 — targeted for release in 2018. Version 1over500pages of display metrology, methods, tutorials, discussions, and references, is deep in content and far‐reaching in range of topics. With version 2, this work goes further by both updating nearly all content with enhancements, clarifications, refinements, expansions, and other types of improvements, and adding vast amount of content to support new and updated display types and technologies that have developed or matured since the initial release.The result will be a comprehensive reference for display measurements/metrology and discussions from some of the leading experts in the area of display evaluation — a textbook posing as a display metrology standard.
Hhex Regulates Hematopoietic Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Stress Hematopoiesis via Repression of Cdkn2a
Authors: Jackson Jacob T. , Shields Benjamin J. , Shi Wei , Di Rago Ladina , Metcalf Donald , Nicola Nicos A. , McCormack Matthew P. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The hematopoietically expressed homeobox transcription factor (Hhex) is important for the maturation of definitive hematopoietic progenitors and B-cells during development. We have recently shown that in adult hematopoiesis, Hhex is dispensable for maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and myeloid lineages but essential for the commitment of common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) to lymphoid lineages. Here, we show that during serial bone marrow transplantation, Hhex-deleted HSCs are progressively lost, revealing an intrinsic defect in HSC self-renewal. Moreover, Hhex-deleted mice show markedly impaired hematopoietic recovery following myeloablation, due to a failure of progenitor expansion. In vitro, Hhex-null blast colonies were incapable of replating, implying a specific requirement for Hhex in immature progenitors. Transcriptome analysis of Hhex-null Lin−Sca+Kit+ cells showed that Hhex deletion leads to derepression of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and PRC1 target genes, including the Cdkn2a locus encoding the tumor suppressors p16Ink4a and p19Arf. Indeed, loss of Cdkn2a restored the capacity of Hhex-null blast colonies to generate myeloid progenitors in vitro, as well as hematopoietic reconstitution following myeloablation in vivo. Thus, HSCs require Hhex to promote PRC2-mediated Cdkn2a repression to enable continued self-renewal and response to hematopoietic stress.
Density‐dependent immigration promotes population stability in a long‐distance migratory bird
Authors: Wilson Scott , McKellar Ann E. , Reudink Matthew W. , Marra Peter P. , Ratcliffe Laurene M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe spatial structure of populations determines the relative importance of reproduction, survival and movement on population dynamics. However, the mechanisms by which local individuals and immigrants interact and the subsequent effects of immigrants on productivity are poorly known. We developed an integrated population model (IPM) to study the extent and consequences of immigration on the dynamics of a neotropical migrant (American redstart,Setophaga ruticilla) over an 11‐year period in Ontario, Canada. New immigrants represented the majority of the study population each year with higher immigration rates for males than females and for first‐year breeders than breeders in their second year or older. Immigration was negatively density dependent, with immigrants replacing previously established breeders in a compensatory manner following their death or emigration. Because of the tradeoff between immigration and apparent survival, neither had a strong influence on population growth and reproductive output was most strongly correlated with a change in abundance between years. However, if immigration ceased, the study population would become locally extinct within 7 years and thus immigrants were essential for local population persistence. We found no evidence for reduced breeding success when immigrants represented a higher proportion of the study population. Our research highlights the importance of movement in the stability of open populations and the strong correlation between the fates of local breeders and the number of immigrants entering the population. We recommend the use of IPMs to address the spatial scale over which immigration occurs and how different scales influence its contribution to population dynamics.
A computer-generated plus-shaped arrangement and its architectural applications
Authors: Shekhawat Krishnendra 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This work consider the problem of rectilinear arrangement which is about arranging given rectangular objects of different sizes in the frame of a given rectilinear polygon while considering dimension and position of each rectangle and adjacency relations among the rectangles.
The current work is part of a larger work aimed at automated generation of rectilinear arrangements while satisfying given dimensional and topological constraints. In this paper, we present a set of algorithms for obtaining a plus-shaped arrangement. In addition, we present some heuristic techniques for reducing the size of extra spaces present inside the obtained arrangement. At the end, we demonstrate architectural application of the presented work.
Highlights Problem is to arrange given sub-rectangles within a given predefined contour shape. Required arrangement must satisfies given adjacency and size constraints. An algorithm for generation of plus-shaped arrangements is presented. Architectural application of the work has been demonstrated.
Off-Label Use of Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Erectile Dysfunction Medication to Enhance Sex Among Gay and Bisexual Men in Australia: Results From the FLUX Study
Authors: Hammoud Mohamed A. , Jin Fengyi , Lea Toby , Maher Lisa , Grierson Jeffrey , Prestage Garrett 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
Gay and bisexual men (GBM) use oral erectile dysfunction medications (EDMs) often with little evidence of medical indication necessitating their use.

Aim
To investigate the prevalence, contexts, and motivations for oral EDM use and its relation to sexual risk behavior.

Methods
A total of 2,250 Australian GBM completed an online survey of licit and illicit drug use and their associated behaviors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with use of EDMs in the previous 6 months and, for those who had used EDMs, factors associated with use on a weekly basis.

Outcomes
Any EDM use and at least weekly use in the previous 6 months.

Results
The median age of the sample was 33.0 years (range = 16–81). Two thirds (67.7%) reported no lifetime history of EDM use. Approximately 1 in 10 participants (11.1%) had last used an EDM more than 6 months previously. In the previous 6 months, 11.5% reported using EDMs less than monthly, 5.3% reported using EDMs approximately monthly, and 4.5% reported using EDMs at least weekly. Of men who had used EDMs in the previous 6 months, common reasons cited for its use were to maintain an erection for longer (73.3%), to make it easier to “get hard” (67.3%), and difficulty in attaining or maintain an erection (53.5%). Use of EDMs in the previous 6 months was associated with illicit drug use and higher rates of sexual risk behavior. Weekly users were more likely to have severe anxiety than less frequent users.

Clinical Translation
The use of EDMs in the context of intensive sex partying, with the associated potential for increased risk of HIV transmission and illicit drug use, indicates a need to consider the use of EDMs among GBM in HIV prevention and minimizing harm.

Strengths and Limitations
This large-scale study of drug use among GBMs includes comprehensive detailed data on their history of use and rationales for use. Our online methodology potentially decreases social desirability bias in reporting illegal or stigmatized behaviors. This volunteer online convenience sample might not be representative of all GBMs in Australia.

Conclusion
GBMs who used an oral EDM in the previous 6 months often used it for recreational purposes, but many of those who used it on a weekly basis also might have used it for therapeutic reasons. GBMs often use EDMs to enhance their sexual experiences often in the context of intensive sex partying (which can include risky sexual behavior).
Exploring the Optimal Erectile Function Domain Score Cutoff That Defines Sexual Satisfaction After Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Terrier Jean E. , Mulhall John P. , Nelson Christian J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Introduction
The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) is the gold standard validated instrument for defining erectile function (EF) and its response to treatment. The EF domain (EFD) contains six questions and is a sensitive and specific measurement of treatment-related changes in EF. The EFD score has been widely used as a primary assessment end point for clinical trials of EF recovery after radical prostatectomy (RP). Various EFD scores have been used to define functional erections. Recently, an EFD score of at least 22 has been used as a threshold in major post-RP penile rehabilitation studies.

Aim
To define the EFD score that optimally defines “functional” erections after RP.

Methods
We assessed men 24 months after RP using the IIEF and specifically analyzed the scores of the EFD and intercourse satisfaction domain (ISD).

Main Outcome Measures
We used two questions on satisfaction (score = 0–5) and enjoyment (score = 0–5) from the ISD to classify IS (score = 0–10). We tested the following intercourse satisfaction classifications: ISD score equal to 10, ISD score of at least 8, and a score of at least 4 for the ISD questions on satisfaction and enjoyment. We used the classification that produced the largest area under the curve (AUC) using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Then, we used a three-step process to determine the optimal EFD score cutoff using sensitivity and specificity analysis.

Results
One hundred seventy-eight men had an average age at RP of 58 ± 7 years and a 24-month EFD score of 20 ± 9. Sixty-four percent had complete nerve-sparing surgery, 35% had partial nerve-sparing surgery, and 1% had the nerves fully resected. Thirty-three percent had laparoscopic RP and 67% had open RP. The ROC curves produced AUCs of 0.80 (ISD score = 10), 0.85 (ISD score ≥ 8), and 0.86 (ISD scores for satisfaction and enjoyment ≥ 4; P &lt; .001 for all comparisons). Using the IS criterion of ISD scores for satisfaction and enjoyment of at least 4 (largest AUC), the sensitivity and specificity values were 0.89 and 0.66 for an ESD score equal to 22, 0.78 and 0.71 for a score equal to 23, 0.78 and 0.80 for a score equal to 24, 0.77 and 0.82 for a score equal to 25, and 0.73 and 0.85 for a score equal to 26. The scores of 24 and 25 met the criteria outlined in the first two steps of analysis. The score of 24 was selected as the cutoff using face valid judgment and the previous literature.

Conclusion
These data support an EFD score of 24 as a valid cutoff defining “functional” erection in men with erectile dysfunction after RP. These data are important for clinicians in counseling patients and to researchers to define inclusion criteria and treatment end points for trials of erectile dysfunction after RP.
Development of an efficient vector system for gene knock-out and near in-cis gene complementation in the sugarcane smut fungus
Authors: Lu Shan , Shen Xiaorui , Chen Baoshan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSporisorium scitamineum is the causative agent responsible for smut disease of sugarcane worldwide. However, lack of efficient gene manipulation system makes this fungus much behind the type model of the smut fungi in molecular biology. Here, we report the development of a CRISPR/Cas9 and T-DNA based dual vector system that allowed efficient knock-out or knock-in of a gene of interest in the S. scitamineum in a site-specific manner. By using Mfa2, a key player in the mating event in S. scitamineum as a tester gene, site-specific insertions of the introduced fragments were achieved both for Mfa2 knockout and complementation. Of particular advantage of this system is the simplicity of selection and identification for the desired transformants by using drug resistance coupled with PCR. This system greatly facilitates the gene function study in S. scitamineum, and could potentially be used for other basidiomycete fungi.
Transcriptome sequencing of Tessaratoma papillosa antennae to identify and analyze expression patterns of putative olfaction genes
Authors: Wu Zhong-Zhen , Qu Meng-Qiu , Pu Xin-Hua , Cui Yang , Xiao Wan-Yu , Zhao Hong-Xia , Bin Shu-Ying , Lin Jin-Tian 
Published: June 2017

AbstractStudies on insect olfaction have increased our understanding of insect’s chemosensory system and chemical ecology, and have improved pest control strategies based on insect behavior. In this study, we assembled the antennal transcriptomes of the lychee giant stink bug, Tessaratoma papillosa, by using next generation sequencing to identify the major olfaction gene families in this species. In total, 59 odorant receptors, 14 ionotropic receptors (8 antennal IRs), and 33 odorant binding proteins (28 classic OBPs and 5 plus-C OBPs) were identified from the male and female antennal transcriptomes. Analyses of tissue expression profiles revealed that all 59 OR transcripts, 2 of the 8 antennal IRs, and 6 of the 33 OBPs were primarily expressed in the antennae, suggesting their putative role in olfaction. The sex-biased expression patterns of these antenna-predominant genes suggested that they may have important functions in the reproductive behavior of these insects. This is the first report that provides a comprehensive resource to future studies on olfaction in the lychee giant stink bug.
Design and deposition of a metal-like and admittance-matching metamaterial as an ultra-thin perfect absorber
Authors: Jen Yi-Jun , Liu Wei-Chih , Chen Tso-Kuei , Lin Shan-wen , Jhang Yi-Ciang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA stratiform metamaterial, comprising metal and dielectric thin films, exhibits both near-perfect antireflection and strong light extinction to function as a perfect and ultra-thin light absorber. The equivalent admittance and extinction coefficient of the metamaterial are tailored using a visual method that is based on an admittance diagram. A five-layered metamaterial was designed and deposited with a total thickness of 260 nm on a mirror to exhibit strong and wide angle absorption over wavelengths from 400 nm to 2000 nm. A seven-layered metamaterial with a total thickness of less than 200 nm was designed and deposited to have equivalent admittance around unity and an extinction coefficient that is comparable to that of metal. Such a metal-like metamaterial exhibits low reflectivity so couples most visible light energy into the films and dissipates energy with an equivalent skin depth of less than 55 nm over visible wavelengths.