bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adoption of digital payment systems in the era of demonetization in India
Authors: Sivathanu Brijesh 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the actual usage (AU) of digital payment systems by the consumers during the period of demonetization (from November 9, 2016 to December 30, 2016) in India.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual frame work for this study is based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT 2) and innovation resistance theory. A total of 766 sample respondents were surveyed using a pre-tested questionnaire. The empirical validation of the framework and analysis was done using partial least squares (PLS)-structural equation modeling (SEM) technique.FindingsThe results suggest that the behavioral intention (BI) to use and innovation resistance (IR) affect the usage of digital payment systems. The relation between BI to use digital payment systems and the AU of digital payment systems is moderated by the stickiness to cash payments.Research limitations/implicationsThis cross-sectional study is limited by geographic constraints and highlights the AU of digital payment systems by using the UTAUT 2 and IR theory only during the demonetization period.Practical implicationsThis study offers valuable insights to the economists, policymakers and digital payment service providers regarding the usage of digital payment systems by consumers during demonetization.Originality/valueThis study assumes importance as it empirically examines the influence of BI and IR on the AU of digital payment systems during the demonetization period in India. This study empirically validates the moderating influence of stickiness to cash payments on the AU of digital payment systems.
The missing link in information and records management: personal knowledge registration
Authors: Haraldsdottir Ragna Kemp , Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the findings of a research on collaborative personal knowledge registration (PKR). It seeks to explain the interrelationship between records professionals and human resource (HR) and training professionals, as well as the views of management and quality managers on collaborative PKR. It aims to raise awareness of records professionals as specialists in information management, including personal knowledge.Design/methodology/approachQualitative methodology was used to conduct the research. It was a multiple-case study, covering 12 organizations in Iceland. In these organizations, 32 professionals were interviewed. The research sought to understand how PKR was being facilitated, as well as how personal knowledge was made accessible and usable for employees.FindingsThe organizations had not been as successful as anticipated in PKR. The role and responsibility of records professionals was limited in the PKR process. Different professionals seemed unaware of the possible synergy effect of collaborative PKR.Originality/valueThere is a lack of studies that explore the juxtaposition and collaboration of records professionals and HR and training professionals in organizations. The aim of this research was to bridge this gap. Its originality lies in how it approaches diverse professions and their collaborative PKR effort. This research provides a valuable practical and theoretical contribution to a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field of information and records management. It can lay the foundation for further research into the field.
Age‐related changes in the structure and function of mammalian neuromuscular junctions
Authors: Willadt Silvia , Nash Mark , Slater Clarke 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAs mammals age, their neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) change their form, with an increasingly complex system of axonal branches innervating increasingly fragmented regions of postsynaptic differentiation. It has been suggested that this remodeling is associated with impairment of neuromuscular transmission and that this contributes to age‐related muscle weakness in mammals, including humans. Here, we review previous work on NMJ aging, most of which has focused on either structure or function, as well as a new study aimed at seeking correlation between the structure and function of individual NMJs. While it is clear that extensive structural changes occur as part of the aging process, it is much less certain how, if at all, these are correlated with an impairment of function. This leaves open the question of whether loss of NMJ function is a significant cause of age‐related muscle weakness.
AIRE: a missing link to explain female susceptibility to autoimmune diseases
Authors: Berrih‐Aknin Sonia , Panse Rozen Le , Dragin Nadine 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWomen are more susceptible to autoimmune diseases than men. Autoimmunity results from tolerance breakdown toward self‐components. Recently, three transcription modulators were identified in medullary thymic epithelial cells that orchestrate immune central tolerance processes: the autoimmune regulator (AIRE), FEZ family zinc finger 2 (FEZF2 or FEZ1), and PR domain zinc finger protein 1 (PRDM1). Interestingly, these three transcription modulators regulate nonredundant tissue‐specific antigen subsets and thus cover broad antigen diversity. Recent data from different groups demonstrated that sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone) are involved in the regulation of thymic AIRE expression in humans and mice through direct transcriptional modulation and epigenetic changes. As a consequence, AIRE displays gender‐biased thymic expression, with females showing a lower expression compared with males, a finding that could explain the female susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. So far, FEZF2 has not been related to an increased gender bias in autoimmune disease. PRDM1 expression has not been shown to display gender‐differential thymic expression, but its expression level and its gene polymorphisms are associated with female‐dependent autoimmune disease risk. Altogether, various studies have demonstrated that increased female susceptibility to autoimmune diseases is in part a consequence of hormone‐driven reduced thymic AIRE expression.
Efficient long‐term depletion of CD20+ B cells by rituximab does not affect gut‐resident plasma cells
Authors: Uzzan Mathieu , Ko Huaibin M. , Rosenstein Adam K. , Pourmand Kamron , Colombel Jean‐Frederic , Mehandru Saurabh 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe vast majority of antibody‐producing B cells are located within the gastrointestinal tract and are key players in maintaining homeostasis. The failure of rituximab, a potent B cell–depleting agent, to ameliorate ulcerative colitis in a single clinical trial has dampened enthusiasm to study B cells in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, several lines of evidence suggest that intestinal B cells may be affected in IBD. Additionally, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying rituximab's lack of efficacy in IBD remain unclear. Here, on the basis of detailed immunophenotyping of a patient who underwent a colonoscopy 6 months after the end of rituximab‐based therapy, we observed that rituximab did not deplete colon‐resident plasma cells (PCs) while ablating all CD20+ B cells in tissues and in the circulation. On the basis of these observations, we propose that one factor underlying the lack of efficacy of rituximab relates to the fact that it does not affect the entire B cell compartment in tissues, sparing the intestinal‐resident PCs while effectively depleting CD20+ B cell populations. Thus, we contend that, despite the results of the Rituximab study, there is a need for more intensive B cell–oriented research in inflammatory disorders, including IBD.
Context-Dependent Requirements for FimH and Other Canonical Virulence Factors in Gut Colonization by Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: Russell Colin W. , Fleming Brittany A. , Jost Courtney A. , Tran Alexander , Stenquist Alan T. , Wambaugh Morgan A. , Bronner Mary P. , Mulvey Matthew A. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Extraintestinal pathogenic
Escherichia coli
(ExPEC) acts as a commensal within the mammalian gut but can induce pathology upon dissemination to other host environments such as the urinary tract and bloodstream. ExPEC genomes are likely shaped by evolutionary forces encountered within the gut, where the bacteria spend much of their time, provoking the question of how their extraintestinal virulence traits arose. The principle of coincidental evolution, in which a gene that evolved in one niche happens to be advantageous in another, has been used to argue that ExPEC virulence factors originated in response to selective pressures within the gut ecosystem. As a test of this hypothesis, the fitness of ExPEC mutants lacking canonical virulence factors was assessed within the intact murine gut in the absence of antibiotic treatment. We found that most of the tested factors, including cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1), Usp, colibactin, flagella, and plasmid pUTI89, were dispensable for gut colonization. The deletion of genes encoding the adhesin PapG or the toxin HlyA had transient effects but did not interfere with longer-term persistence. In contrast, a mutant missing the type 1 pilus-associated adhesin FimH displayed somewhat reduced persistence within the gut. However, this phenotype varied dependent on the presence of specific competing strains and was partially attributable to aberrant flagellin expression in the absence of
fimH
. These data indicate that FimH and other key ExPEC-associated factors are not strictly required for gut colonization, suggesting that the development of extraintestinal virulence traits is not driven solely by selective pressures within the gut.
Ectopic Thymic Cyst of the Subglottis: Considerations for Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Ahmad Iram , Kirby Patricia , Liming Bryan 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: To share the diagnostic and management challenges created by an extremely rare airway lesion—the subglottic ectopic thymic cyst. Study Design: Case report and literature review. Methods: We review the presentation, management, and clinical course of an infant who presented with a subglottic mass that was histologically confirmed as a thymic cyst. A brief literature review supplements the case presentation Results: We present the third described case of an ectopic thymic cyst presenting as a subglottic mass. The differential diagnosis of subglottic masses in neonates consists primarily of subglottic hemangioma and mucous retention cysts. Otolaryngologists must be prepared for unexpected findings when dealing with critical airways. We compare the presentation and management of our patient with the 2 previously described cases. We propose an embryologic theory for the origin of these rare lesions. Conclusions: An ectopic thymic cyst is a rare and unexpected cause of neonatal stridor. Management of pediatric airway lesions must allow for unexpected findings at the time of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy. The appropriate management of subglottic thymic cysts is poorly defined, but close surveillance for recurrence is mandatory.
A Hairy Situation: Laser Hair Removal after Oral Reconstruction
Authors: Shields Bridget E. , Moye Molly S. , Bayon Rodrigo , Sperry Steven M. , Wanat Karolyn A. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: To present a case series of 4 patients who underwent postoperative hair removal using the long-pulsed Alexandrite or Nd:YAG laser following intraoral cutaneous flap reconstruction. Methods: Patients underwent epilation in dermatology clinic with long-pulsed Alexandrite or Nd:YAG lasers, spaced 8 weeks apart, until hair removal was achieved. Results: All patients achieved improvement in hair removal regardless of initial flap donor site with significant improvement in quality of life and minimal side effects. Conclusions: The long-pulsed Alexandrite and Nd:YAG represent safe and effective treatment options to improve patient quality of life following intraoral flap repair following excision of malignancy.
Management of primary Sjögren’s syndrome: recent developments and new classification criteria
Authors: Del Papa Nicoletta , Vitali Claudio 
Published: January 2018

For many years primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) has been considered an orphan disease, since no specific therapies were recognized as being capable of contrasting the development and progression of this disorder. The treatment of oral and ocular features, as well as of the systemic organ involvement, has been entrusted to the joint management of different subspecialty physicians, like ophthalmologists, otolaryngologists, dentists and rheumatologists. These latter subspecialty doctors are usually more involved in the treatment of systemic extraglandular involvement and, to do it, they have long been using the conventional therapies borrowed by the treatment schedules adopted in other systemic autoimmune diseases. The increasing knowledge of the biological pathways that are operative in patients with pSS, and the parallel development of molecular biology technology, have allowed the production and availability of a number of biological agents able to positively act on different disease mechanisms, and thus are candidates for testing in therapeutic trials. Meanwhile, the scientific community has made a great effort to develop new accurate and validated classification criteria and outcome measures to be applied in the selection of patients to be included and monitored in therapeutic studies. Some of the new-generation biotechnological agents have been tested in a number of open-label and randomized controlled trials that have produced in many cases inconclusive or contradictory results. Behind the differences in trial protocols, adopted outcome measures and predefined endpoints, reasons for such unsatisfactory results can be found in the large heterogeneity of clinical subtypes in the examined cohorts. The future challenge for a substantial advancement in the therapeutic approach to pSS could be to identify the pathologic mechanisms, outcome tools and biomarkers that characterize the different subsets of the disease in order to test carefully selected target therapies with the highest probability of success in each different clinical phenotype.
Medical Imaging and Laboratory Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy in 107 Consecutive Hospitalized Patients With Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis and Partial Foot Amputations
Authors: Ramanujam Crystal L. , Han David , Zgonis Thomas 
Published: January 2018

The primary aim of our study was to compare the preoperative diagnostic accuracy of plain radiographic findings with the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for diabetic foot osteomyelitis in hospitalized patients who underwent first-time partial foot amputations with confirmed histopathological specimens positive for osteomyelitis. Second, it was desired to determine whether certain variables within the initial clinical presentation and preoperative laboratory findings were associated with more accurate diagnosis of diabetic foot osteomyelitis in this study population. Finally, it was desired to determine the most common bacterial organisms found in bone and soft-tissue cultures taken intraoperatively and to determine how often the same organism was found in both. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria to the initial 329 patients identified through chart review, the final sample size for further analysis was n =107. In this study, after adjusting for the effects of covariates such as age, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein, plain radiographs seemed to have statistically more significant power than MRI in predicting and diagnosing diabetic foot osteomyelitis. In addition, higher ESR values were confirmed to predict a higher chance of positive diagnosis for diabetic foot osteomyelitis. Furthermore, the presence of positive bacterial identification from intraoperative bone cultures did not always indicate true osteomyelitis on histopathological examination. Levels of Evidence: Level II: Diagnostic study
The 50 Most-Cited Articles in Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Chaudhry Zaira S. , Fram Brianna , Henn R. Frank , Sherman Seth L. , Hammoud Sommer 
Published: January 2018

Objective To identify the 50 most-cited articles in meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) research and analyze their characteristics. Design In September 2017, the Scopus database was queried to identify the 50 most-cited articles in MAT research. Variables analyzed include number of citations, publication year, journal, institution, country of origin, article type, study design, and level of evidence. Citation density was calculated for each article. The correlation between citation density and publication year and the correlation between level of evidence and number of citations, citation density, and publication year were computed. Results The 50 most-cited articles were published in 12 journals between 1986 and 2011. The number of citations ranged from 59 to 290 (109.3 ± 48.6). Citation density ranged from 2.7 to 17.6 citations per year (7.0 ± 3.3). There was a positive correlation between citation density and publication year ( r = +0.489, P < 0.001). Overall, 56% of the articles were clinical and 44% were basic science. Of the 28 clinical articles, 61% were level IV or V evidence. Level of evidence was not significantly correlated with number of citations ( r = −0.059, P = 0.766), citation density ( r = +0.030, P = 0.880), or publication year ( r = −0.0009, P = 0.996). Conclusion This analysis provides the orthopedic community with a readily accessible list of the classic citations in MAT research and provides insight into the historical development of this procedure. Although there was a moderate positive correlation between citation density and publication year, articles with stronger levels of evidence were not more frequently cited despite the increasing trend toward evidence-based practice.
Case Series of 3 Patients Diagnosed With Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Successfully Treated With Steroids, Plasmapheresis, and Rituximab
Authors: Patterson Jeffery M. , Bolster Lauren , Larratt Loree 
Published: January 2018

Rationale: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, which has a high probability of chronic kidney disease, morbidity, and mortality, needs to be promptly recognized when patients present with microangiopathic hemolysis. Presenting Concerns of the Patient: Three patients present with laboratory parameters consistent with a thrombotic microangiopathy. With a suspected diagnosis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, steroids with plasmapheresis were initiated. Diagnoses: With ADAMTS13 levels reported normal, the suspected diagnoses were reevaluated. Given ongoing renal impairment, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome was strongly considered. Interventions: When local funding issues precluded the prompt use of eculizumab, 4 doses of weekly rituximab were trialed. Outcome: Over 2 years later, all 3 patients have sustained durable remissions defined by the absence of kidney impairment or laboratory investigations concerning for microangiopathic hemolytic relapse. Lessons Learned: In cases of a suspected autoimmune mechanism leading to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, long-term use of eculizumab may not be required.
Heterozygous RTEL1 variants in bone marrow failure and myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Marsh Judith C. W. , Gutierrez-Rodrigues Fernanda , Cooper James , Jiang Jie , Gandhi Shreyans , Kajigaya Sachiko , Feng Xingmin , Ibanez Maria del Pilar F. , Donaires Flávia S. , Lopes da Silva João P. , Li Zejuan , Das Soma , Ibanez Maria , Smith Alexander E. , Lea Nicholas , Best Steven , Ireland Robin , Kulasekararaj Austin G. , McLornan Donal P. , Pagliuca Anthony , Callebaut Isabelle , Young Neal S. , Calado Rodrigo T. , Townsley Danielle M. , Mufti Ghulam J 
Published: January 2018

Key Points
RTEL1 variants associate with AA, idiopathic cytopenias, and hypocellular myelodysplastic syndromes. Detailed clinical/family history, functional assays, and in silico tools are critical for interpreting the pathogenicity of RTEL1 variants.
The patient-specific Triflange acetabular implant for revision total hip arthroplasty in patients with severe acetabular defects
Authors: Berend M. E. , Berend K. R. , Lombardi A. V. , Cates H. , Faris P. 
Published: January 2018

Aims Few reconstructive techniques are available for patients requiring complex acetabular revisions such as those involving Paprosky type 2C, 3A and 3B deficiencies and pelvic discontinuity. Our aim was to describe the development of the patient specific Triflange acetabular component for use in these patients, the surgical technique and mid-term results. We include a description of the pre-operative CT scanning, the construction of a model, operative planning, and surgical technique. All implants were coated with porous plasma spray and hydroxyapatite if desired. Patients and Methods A multicentre, retrospective review of 95 complex acetabular reconstructions in 94 patients was performed. A total of 61 (64.2%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 66 (38 to 85). The mean body mass index was 29 kg/m2 (18 to 51). Outcome was reported using the Harris Hip Score (HHS), complications, failures and survival. Results The mean follow-up was 3.5 years (1 to 11). The mean HHS improved from 46 (15 to 90) pre-operatively to 75 (14 to 100). A total of 21 hips (22%) had at least one complication with some having more than one; including dislocation (6%), infection (6%), and femoral complications (2%). The implant was subsequently removed in five hips (5%), only one for suspected aseptic loosening. Conclusion The Triflange patient specific acetabular component provides predictable fixation with complication rates which are similar to those of other techniques. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1 Supple A):50–4.
The outpatient total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Berend K. R. , Lombardi A. V. , Berend M. E. , Adams J. B. , Morris M. J. 
Published: January 2018

Aims To examine incidence of complications associated with outpatient total hip arthroplasty (THA), and to see if medical comorbidities are associated with complications or extended length of stay. Patients and Methods From June 2013 to December 2016, 1279 patients underwent 1472 outpatient THAs at our free-standing ambulatory surgery centre. Records were reviewed to determine frequency of pre-operative medical comorbidities and post-operative need for overnight stay and complications which arose. Results In 87 procedures, the patient stayed overnight for 23-hour observation, with 39 for convenience reasons and 48 (3.3%) for medical observation, most frequently urinary retention (13), obstructive sleep apnoea (nine), emesis (four), hypoxia (four), and pain management (six). Five patients (0.3%) experienced major complications within 48 hours, including three transferred to an acute facility; there was one death. Overall complication rate requiring unplanned care was 2.2% (32/1472). One or more major comorbidities were present in 647 patients (44%), including previous coronary artery disease (CAD; 50), valvular disease (nine), arrhythmia (219), thromboembolism history (28), obstructive sleep apnoea (171), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; 124), asthma (118), frequent urination or benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH; 217), or mild chronic renal insufficiency (11). Conclusion The presence of these comorbidities was not associated with medical or surgical complications. However, presence of one or more major comorbidity was associated with an increased risk of overnight observation. Specific comorbidities associated with increased risk were CAD, COPD, and frequent urination/BPH. Outpatient THA is safe for a large proportion of patients without the need for a standardised risk assessment score. Risk of complications is not associated with presence of medical comorbidities. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1 Supple A):31–5.