bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quasi-periodic Radio Bursts Associated with Fast-mode Waves near a Magnetic Null Point
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Nakariakov Valery M. , Cho Kyung-Suk 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This paper presents an observation of quasi-periodic rapidly propagating waves observed in the Atmospheric Image Assembly (AIA) 171/193 Å channels during the impulsive phase of an M1.9 flare that occurred on 2012 May 7. The instant period was found to decrease from 240 to 120 s, and the speed of the wavefronts was in the range of ∼664–1416 km s−1. Almost simultaneously, quasi-periodic bursts with similar instant periods, ∼70 and ∼140 s, occur in the microwave emission and in decimetric type IV and type III radio bursts, and in the soft X-ray emission. The magnetic field configuration of the flare site was consistent with a breakout topology, i.e., a quadrupolar field along with a magnetic null point. The quasi-periodic rapidly propagating wavefronts of the EUV emission are interpreted as a fast magnetoacoustic wave train. The observations suggest that the fast-mode waves are generated during the quasi-periodic magnetic reconnection in the cusp region above the flare arcade loops. For the first time, we provide evidence of a tadpole wavelet signature at about 70–140 s in decimetric (245/610 MHz) radio bursts, along with the direct observation of a coronal fast-mode wave train in EUV. In addition, at AIA 131/193 Å we observed quasi-periodic EUV disturbances with periods of 95 and 240 s propagating downward at apparent speeds of 172–273 km s−1. The nature of these downward propagating disturbances is not revealed, but they could be connected to magnetoacoustic waves or periodically shrinking loops.
Coronal Jet Collimation by Nonlinear Induced Flows
Authors: Vasheghani Farahani S. , Hejazi S. M. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Our objective is to study the collimation of solar jets by nonlinear forces corresponding to torsional Alfvén waves together with external forces. We consider a straight, initially non-rotating, untwisted magnetic cylinder embedded in a plasma with a straight magnetic field, where a shear between the internal and external flows exists. By implementing magnetohydrodynamic theory and taking into account the second-order thin flux tube approximation, the balance between the internal nonlinear forces is visualized. The nonlinear differential equation containing the ponderomotive, magnetic tension, and centrifugal forces in the presence of the shear flow is obtained. The solution presents the scale of influence of the propagating torsional Alfvén wave on compressive perturbations. Explicit expressions for the compressive perturbations caused by the forces connected to the torsional Alfvén wave show that, in the presence of a shear flow, the magnetic tension and centrifugal forces do not cancel each other’s effects as they did in its absence. This shear flow plays in favor of the magnetic tension force, resulting in a more efficient collimation. Regarding the ponderomotive force, the shear flow has no effect. The phase relations highlight the interplay of the shear flow and the plasma-β. As the shear flow and plasma-β increase, compressive perturbation amplitudes emerge. We conclude that the jet collimation due to the torsional Alfvén wave highly depends on the location of the jet. The shear flow tightens the collimation as the jet elevates up to the solar corona.
A Longitudinal Study of Ambulatory Physician Encounters, Emergency Room Visits, and Hospitalizations by Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A 13-year Population Health Study
Authors: Hanly John G. , Thompson Kara , Skedgel Chris 
Published: August 2017

Objective.To determine total physician encounters, emergency room (ER) visits, and hospitalizations in an incident cohort of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cases and matched control patients over 13 years.Methods.A retrospective cohort study was performed using administrative healthcare data from about 1 million people with access to universal healthcare. Using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th ed (ICD-9) and ICD-10 diagnostic codes, 7 RA case definitions were used. Each case was matched by age and sex to 4 randomly selected controls. Data included physician billings, ER visits, and hospital discharges over 13 years.Results.The number of incident RA cases varied from 3497 to 27,694, depending on the case definition. The mean age varied from 54.3 to 65.0 years, and the proportion of women from 67.8% to 71.3%. The number of physician encounters by patients with RA was significantly higher than by controls. It was highest in the index year and declined promptly thereafter for all case definitions and by 12.2%–46.8% after 10 years. Encounters with subspecialty physicians fell by 61% (rheumatologists) and 34% (internal medicine). In contrast, clinical encounters with family physicians and other physicians fell by only 9%. Visits to the ER and hospital admissions were also significantly higher in RA cases, particularly early in the disease, and fell significantly over the followup.Conclusion.In patients with RA, healthcare use is highest in the first year following the diagnosis, which is also the time of maximal involvement by rheumatologists. Use declines over time, and encounters with patients’ family physicians predominate over other physician groups.
Adherence and Persistence with Drug Therapy among Fibromyalgia Patients: Data from a Large Health Maintenance Organization
Authors: Ben-Ami Shor Dana , Weitzman Dahlia , Dahan Shani , Gendelman Omer , Bar-On Yael , Amital Daniela , Shalev Varda , Chodick Gabriel , Amital Howard 
Published: August 2017

Objective.To assess 1-year persistence and adherence rates with drug therapy among patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and to identify factors associated with therapy discontinuation.Methods.This retrospective, cohort study included members ≥ 21 years old from the Maccabi Healthcare Services, a large health maintenance organization in Israel, who were diagnosed with FM from 2008 through 2011. Medications of interest included the anticonvulsant pregabalin, antidepressants [selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)], and tricyclic antidepressants (TCA). Time to treatment discontinuation and proportion of days covered (PDC) with FM-specific therapies during the year from first dispensed were analyzed. PDC < 20% was considered low adherence and PDC ≥ 80% was considered high adherence. Logistic regression models were constructed for multivariable analyses.Results.Overall, 3932 patients with FM were included; 88.7% were female. Pre-diagnosis use of medication of interest was documented in 41% of the study population. Of the remaining 2312 patients, 56.1% were issued a prescription, 45.0% were dispensed at least 1 medication in the year following diagnosis, and only 28.8% had prescriptions filled twice within the first year from diagnosis. Among newly prescribed patients, 1-year discontinuation was highest for TCA (91.0%) and lowest for SSRI/SNRI antidepressants (73.7%). Over half of the patients (60.5%) had fewer than 20% of the days covered by any medication during the year and only 9.3% were very adherent (PDC ≥ 80%).Conclusion.This study clearly shows that in an Israeli “real-life” population of patients with FM, persistence and adherence with FM therapy in the year following diagnosis is remarkably low.
Corticosteroid or Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs for the Treatment of Acute Gout: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Billy Christy Amanda , Lim Ricky Tanujaya , Ruospo Marinella , Palmer Suetonia C. , Strippoli Giovanni F.M. 
Published: August 2017

Objective.Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) are used as first-line agents to treat acute gout. Recent trials suggest a possible first-line role for corticosteroids.Methods.We conducted a metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating corticosteroid versus NSAID therapy (nonselective and selective) as treatment for acute gout. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were systematically searched through August 2016. Outcomes included pain, bleeding, joint swelling, erythema, tenderness, activity limitation, response to therapy, quality of life, time to resolution, supplementary analgesics, and adverse events. Evidence quality was summarized using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system.Results.Six eligible trials (817 patients) were identified. The mean study followup was 15 days (range 4–30). Risks of bias were generally low. In low- to moderate-quality evidence, corticosteroids did not have different effects on pain score at < 7 days [standardized mean difference (SMD) −0.09, 95% CI −0.26 to 0.08] or at ≥ 7 days (SMD 0.32, 95% CI −0.27 to 0.92) when compared with NSAID. There was no evidence of different risks of gastrointestinal bleeding [relative risk (RR) 0.09, 95% CI 0.01–1.67]. There was no evidence of different responses to therapy on pain at < 7 days (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.80–1.44) and ≥ 7 days, time to disease resolution, or number of supplementary analgesics used (MD 2.10 drugs, 95% CI −1.01 to 5.21). There was a lower risk of indigestion (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27–0.92), nausea (RR 0.25, 95% CI 0.11–0.54), and vomiting (RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.02–0.56) with corticosteroid therapy.Conclusion.There is no evidence that corticosteroids and NSAID have different efficacy in managing pain in acute gout, but corticosteroids appear to have a more favorable safety profile for selected adverse events analyzed in existing RCT.
Dario, ses bizarreries et l’école
Authors: Lego Gaëlle 
Published: August 2017

Nous tenterons de dégager la fonction d’une idéologie (dans le cas où elle est appliquée de façon dogmatique) sur la subjectivité des personnes. L’injonction d’une inclusion scolaire à tout prix produit chez certaines familles une fermeture de la réflexion, une forclusion de la singularité, voire un déni du « handicap » ou d’une pathologie chez l’enfant en présence. La situation du jeune Dario illustre ce mécanisme de suture de l’inconscient.
Les lectrices des Lumières dans la littérature française : des images d’« illuminées » ou de femmes éclairées ?
Authors: Aragon Sandrine 
Published: August 2017

Peut-on parler d’une révolution dans les images de lectrices au cours du XVIIIe siècle ? Le siècle paraît découpé en trois grands temps qui constituent une progression vers l’autonomie et la légitimité de la lectrice : celui des images de lectrices libertines de la première moitié du siècle, puis celui du succès des personnages de Rousseau, qui révolutionne les représentations et les discours sur l’éducation féminine dans les années soixante, celui enfin, de la progression des discours sur l’éducation dans la seconde moitié du siècle et des images de lectrices éclairées dans les fictions. Les héroïnes de la dernière décennie du siècle lisent librement et en égale des hommes, pour leur bonheur et traversent ainsi les affres de la Révolution en véritables femmes éclairées
« Jamais fille chaste n’a lu de romans ». La lecture dans le débat sur les femmes au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Danders Ansgard 
Published: August 2017

Face à l’importance de la lecture, les auteurs de la Querelle des femmes abordent deux questions principales : les femmes doivent-elles apprendre à lire ou non, et, dans l’affirmative, quelles femmes doivent lire quels livres et de quelle manière. Au XVIIIe siècle, un large éventail d’opinions s’étend d’un pôle négatif : les auteurs adversaires de toute alphabétisation de la femme ; passe par des positions intermédiaires : ceux qui permettent la lecture de certains genres ; jusqu’au pôle positif : des plaidoyers pour l’accès libre à toute lecture. Pour résumer le rôle de la lecture dans le débat sur les femmes, on peut signaler deux aspects importants : d’abord, tous ceux qui participent à ce débat sont convaincus que lire et écrire sont des techniques culturelles qui rendent possible une plus grande autonomie féminine. Deuxièmement, tous sont confrontés à la contradiction entre les postulats des Lumières, dont l’image du flambeau du savoir écartant les préjugés n’est pas la moins connue, et la pensée traditionnelle sur les femmes qui insiste sur l’inutilité, voire le danger de la lecture et du savoir
Lectures entrecoupées : la logique de la périodicité et la logique de l’alphabet
Authors: Häseler Jens 
Published: August 2017

Face à la multiplication des textes imprimés, l’extension des connaissances et la lente compartimentalisation des sciences, de nouvelles formes de présentation des savoirs surgissent au dix-huitième siècle. Deux formes de publication sont particulièrement représentatives de l’éclatement du système du savoir et des stratégies nouvelles de publication : la publication périodique des revues et celle dans l’ordre de l’alphabétique des dictionnaires. Toutes deux invitent les lecteurs à suivre un rythme entrecoupé de lecture. La loi de cohésion est remplacée soit par la valeur de la nouveauté, soit par la place facilement identifiable dans l’ordre de l’alphabet (et le système des connaissances). La variété des genres textuels utilisés et le mode de lecture — par petit morceaux — rapproche les publications périodique et alphabétique. Une analyse synchronique, en l’occurrence de certaines années du Journal encyclopédique et de l’Encyclopédie permet de voir les parallèles. Le Siècle des lumières apparaît dans ce sens comme l’époque de la diversification radicale des modes de lecture... et d’écriture
Réimpressions et contrefaçons à la fin du XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Weil Françoise 
Published: August 2017

Si une « nouveauté » au XVIIIe siècle a du succès, le premier tirage est vite épuisé, et on réimprime. Qui réimprime ? Parfois le premier éditeur, parfois un des imprimeurs de province ou de l’étranger comme la Société typographique de Neuchâtel, spécialisée dans les contrefaçons. Mais qu’entend-on par contrefaçon ? Encore aujourd’hui le débat n’est pas clos : faut-il la limiter aux pays où il existe des privilèges, c’est-à-dire à la France et éventuellement à la Hollande ? Il n’existe aucun signe caractéristique d’une contrefaçon, seul un examen attentif des exemplaires, en particulier des ornements typographiques, permet de les distinguer. L’article discute des contrefaçons d’ouvrages français privilégiés et parus sans privilège français, celles d’ouvrages parus sous leur véritable adresse en Hollande ou en Suisse respectivement, et les contrefaçons d’ouvrages parus sous fausse adresse
Divergent Specificity Development of IgG1 and IgG4 Autoantibodies in Endemic Pemphigus Foliaceus (Fogo Selvagem)
Authors: Maldonado Mike , Diaz Luis A , Prisayanh Phillip , Yang Jinsheng , Qaqish Bahjat F , Aoki Valeria , Hans-Filho Gunter , Rivitti Evandro A , Culton Donna A , Qian Ye 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We have shown that although the IgG response in fogo selvagem (FS) is mainly restricted to desmoglein (Dsg) 1, other keratinocyte cadherins are also targeted by FS patients and healthy control subjects living in the endemic region of Limão Verde, Brazil (endemic controls). Evaluating nonpathogenic IgG1 and pathogenic IgG4 subclass responses to desmosomal proteins may reveal important differences between pathogenic and nonpathogenic responses, and how these differences relate to the pathogenic IgG4 response and resultant FS. In this study, we tested by ELISA &gt;100 sera from each FS patient, endemic control, and nonendemic control for IgG1 and IgG4 autoantibodies to keratinocyte cadherins besides Dsg1. IgG1 and IgG4 subclass responses in endemic controls are highly correlated between Dsg1 and other keratinocyte cadherins. This correlation persists in the IgG1 response among FS patients, but diminishes in IgG4 response, suggesting that IgG1 binds highly conserved linear epitopes among cadherins, whereas IgG4 binds mainly specific conformational epitopes on Dsg1. A confirmatory test comparing serum samples of 11 individuals before and after their FS onset substantiated our findings that IgG1 recognizes primarily linear epitopes on Dsg1 both before and after disease onset, whereas IgG4 recognizes primarily linear epitopes before disease onset, but recognizes more conformational epitopes on Dsg1 after the onset of disease. This study may provide a mechanism by which a specificity convergence of the IgG4 response to unique Dsg1 epitopes, most likely conformational pathogenic epitopes, leads to the onset of FS disease.
Specific Reference Intervals of Serum Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine, and Thyroid-stimulating Hormone in Normal Pregnant Indian Women as per Trimester
Authors: Hazra Nandita , Mitra Binay , Pal Reetika 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
Maternal thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy are vital for the health of the mother as well as the developing child. Fetal growth is affected by maternal thyroid levels. Various physiological changes like alterations of thyroxine-binding globulins, human chorionic gonadotropin level, and changes in iodide metabolism affect maternal thyroid hormone levels. Therefore, reference intervals (RIs) for thyroid hormones in pregnant population require to be established separately from the general population.

Materials and methods
The RIs of serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined in healthy pregnant women by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique after segregating them into three trimesters. This study was conducted in a 492-bedded zonal-level hospital. The reference population was chosen from a study population of pregnant women by strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The assays were done by the most-commonly used, economical ELISA method employing standard kits. Tests were done using accurate and precise methods with proper quality control measures.

Results
The RIs were calculated from the central 95% of distribution of total T3, total T4, and TSH values located between 2.5 and 97.5 percentile values. The 0.90 confidence intervals for the upper and lower reference limits were calculated. The values thus obtained were different from those provided by the manufacturer kit literature.

Conclusion
It is recommended to determine one's own laboratory-specific, method-specific, trimester-wise RIs for maternal thyroid hormone status and use them for screening of pregnant women.

How to cite this article
Chakrabarty BK, Mitra B, Pal R, Hazra N. Specific Reference Intervals of Serum Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine, and Thyroid-stimulating Hormone in Normal Pregnant Indian Women as per Trimester. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(1):17-21.
Vitamin D Status in Pregnancy: Fetomaternal Outcome and Correlation with Cord Blood Vitamin D
Authors: Jain Sanjay , Debnath Arijit , Ray Somosri 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionHypovitaminosis D in pregnancy has been reported to cause various maternal effects, i.e., hypocalcemia, subclinical myopathy, increased risk of preeclampsia (PE), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), cesarean sections, and fetal effects, i.e., neonatal tetany, hyperbilirubinemia congenital rickets, infantile rickets, etc. Only few Indian studies are available in this regard.ObjectiveTo estimate serum vitamin D levels in pregnant women, cord blood, and study fetomaternal outcomes.Materials and methodsA prospective observational study was conducted on 54 consecutive pregnant women and their newborn babies. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] level was estimated in all women at the time of admission in labor ward. They were followed up to delivery and 48 hours postpartum. Vitamin D was also estimated in cord blood collected during delivery. All results were recorded and analyzed statistically.ResultsThe mean 25(OH)D level in pregnancy was 6.81 ± 7.38 ng/mL. The mean 25(OH)D level in their babies (cord blood) was 6.34 ± 7.05 ng/mL. There was very strong positive correlation between maternal and fetal serum 25(OH)D levels (p-value 0.001, r-value 0.9). Vitamin D deficiency was strongly associated with obesity, PE, and GDM (p-value 0.001). Neonatal jaundice and tetany were also significantly associated with severe vitamin D deficiency.ConclusionLow levels of vitamin D have been observed in pregnant women and their newborn babies. Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with adverse fetomaternal outcomes. As there is a strong correlation of maternal and neonatal levels, supplementing vitamin D in a pregnant women might improve these adverse pregnancy outcomes.How to cite this articleGupta M, Debnath A, Jain S, Saini V, Ray S. Vitamin D Status in Pregnancy: Fetomaternal Outcome and Correlation with Cord Blood Vitamin D. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(1):42-48.
Study of Oxidative Stress Status in Relation to Glycemic Index Fluctuations in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Arafeen Shazia , Chatterjee Madhumita 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
Oxidative stress is characterized by an increased generation of O2-derived molecules called reactive oxygen species that provoke critical, even irreversible, cell injury.

Aim
To evaluate oxidative stress status through measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) and to analyze association of changes in MDA status with respect to fluctuations in glycemic control.

Materials and methods
A total of 112 subjects, both males and females, aged above 30 years were enrolled for this study, in which 81 had type II diabetes and 31 were without diabetes. Random blood sugar (RBS) was measured by glucose oxidase and peroxidase method. Serum MDA was measured by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances method. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured by ion exchange resin method.

Results
The MDA and HbA1c levels were increased in diabetics and were statistically significant. In all the studied groups, MDA was positively correlated with RBS and HbA1c.

Conclusion and clinical significance
The study suggests that MDA should be measured along with routine parameters of disease and the use of redox active antioxidants to tone down MDA levels may be evaluated to contribute in early and improvised clinical management of type II diabetes mellitus and also to delay the development of secondary complications of the disease.

How to cite this article
Arafeen S, Chatterjee M. Study of Oxidative Stress Status in Relation to Glycemic Index Fluctuations in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(1):49-53.
Thyroid Hormones and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Kesar Vikram 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThyroid hormones have a pro-oxidant effect and cause increased lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation is an extremely damaging process implicated in many diseases and could be a causative factor, responsible for the varied systemic manifestations of hyperthyroidism, like myopathy and myocardial insufficiency. The activities of antioxidant scavenging enzymes like erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, which prevent lipid peroxidation, are also significantly affected by hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Further, it has been observed in various studies that hypothyroidism does induce changes in free radical scavenging enzymes opposite to those observed in hyperthyroidism. Oxidative injury, therefore, is an important mechanism in the pathophysiology of hyperthyroidism.How to cite this articleKesar V. Thyroid Hormones and Oxidative Stress. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(1):58-61.