bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SINTEZA I PRIMJENA DIIMINSKIH LIGANADA U OKSIDATIVNOJ HECKOVOJ REAKCIJI
Authors: Suljagić Jasmin 
Published: December 2016

Nastajanje veze ugljik-ugljik jedna je od najvažnijih reakcija organske sintetske hemije. Oksidativu Heckovu reakciju je prvi puta predložio 1969. godine Richard F. Heck ali ova reakcija nije pobudila veliki interes sve dok Uemura i njegova grupa nisu predložili primjenu oksidativne Heckove reakcije na bornim kiselinama. Bidentatni nitrogen ligandi su najviše do sada korišteni ligandi za ovu reakciju zbog njihovih specifičnih osobina naročito zbog sposobnosti efikasne reoksidacije paladijum (0) u paladijum (II) korištenjem molekularnog kiseonika. Takođe, njihova jeftina cijena kao i otpornost i velika stabilnost u prisustvu kiseonika je velika prednost u poređenju sa fosfatnim ligandima.Nedavno je otkriveno da diiminski ligand (BIAN) može katalizirati oksidativnu Heckovu reakciju znatno efikasnije nego prethodno korišteni ligandi. Ovo istraživanje pokazuje sintezu i primjenu nove klase BIAN liganada za reakciju između 2-cikloheksen-1-ona i fenilborne kiseline i daje odnose između strukture i reaktivnosti za ove ligande. Za karakterizaciju sintetiziranih diiminskih liganada korištene su metode: nuklearna magnetna rezonancija (NMR), gasna hromatografija – masena spektrometrija (GC-MS) i spektrometrija masa (MS).
Novel printing process for the fabrication of cantilever structures by the partially controlled sintering of ink
Authors: Kanazawa Shusuke , Kusaka Yasuyuki , Yamamoto Noritaka , Ushijima Hirobumi 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We present a novel process for manufacturing cantilever structures by the additive stacking of ink layers. The three-dimensional transfer of printed mechanical parts was achieved by optimizing the ink-sintering conditions to guarantee the structural integrity of the printed parts and provide adequate differences in adhesion strengths between the receiver and donor interfaces. A metal–insulator–metal cantilever structure with a bottom electrode, air insulator, and cantilevered top electrode was fabricated on a flexible film, forming a successful capacitive bending sensor for use on human bodies. This process allows highly efficient device fabrication in the MEMS field.
Arctic ice management
Authors: Desch Steven J. , Smith Nathan , Groppi Christopher , Vargas Perry , Jackson Rebecca , Kalyaan Anusha , Nguyen Peter , Probst Luke , Rubin Mark E. , Singleton Heather , Spacek Alexander , Truitt Amanda , Zaw Pye Pye , Hartnett Hilairy E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAs the Earth's climate has changed, Arctic sea ice extent has decreased drastically. It is likely that the late‐summer Arctic will be ice‐free as soon as the 2030s. This loss of sea ice represents one of the most severe positive feedbacks in the climate system, as sunlight that would otherwise be reflected by sea ice is absorbed by open ocean. It is unlikely that CO2 levels and mean temperatures can be decreased in time to prevent this loss, so restoring sea ice artificially is an imperative. Here we investigate a means for enhancing Arctic sea ice production by using wind power during the Arctic winter to pump water to the surface, where it will freeze more rapidly. We show that where appropriate devices are employed, it is possible to increase ice thickness above natural levels, by about 1 m over the course of the winter. We examine the effects this has in the Arctic climate, concluding that deployment over 10% of the Arctic, especially where ice survival is marginal, could more than reverse current trends of ice loss in the Arctic, using existing industrial capacity. We propose that winter ice thickening by wind‐powered pumps be considered and assessed as part of a multipronged strategy for restoring sea ice and arresting the strongest feedbacks in the climate system.
The influence of kinetic effect on the MHD scalings of a thin current sheet
Authors: Sasunov Yu. L. , Khodachenko M. L. , Alexeev I. I. , Belenkaya E. S. , Mingalev O. V. , Melnik M. N. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAssuming that magnetic moment μ is conserved on periodic segments of charged‐particle trajectories, it has been shown analytically that the half‐thickness of a stable thin current sheet (TCS) is practically independent on VT/Vbulk, where VT and Vbulk are thermal and bulk velocities of the TCS‐forming particles, respectively. This fact has been confirmed by the PIC modeling of the TCS without any special assumptions on the particle trajectory type. Such coincidence of analytical and numeric results indicates that an equilibrium TCS indeed is formed by counterstreaming proton flows with μ= constant. The weak dependence of the TCS half‐thickness on VT/Vbulk also results in a reverse relation between the background plasma number density n0 and Vbulk, so that the increase of Vbulk results in a decrease of n0.
Observation of tsunami‐generated ionospheric signatures over Hawaii caused by the 16 September 2015 Illapel earthquake
Authors: Grawe Matthew A. , Makela Jonathan J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTsunamis generate internal gravity waves (IGWs) that propagate vertically into the atmosphere and can create detectable signatures in the ionosphere. These signatures have consistently been observed in the presence of a tsunami for over a decade in the total electron content and for over 5 years in the 630.0 nm airglow. Here we show perturbations appearing in filtered GPS‐derived total electron content (TEC) and 630.0 nm airglow above Hawaii during the passing of the tsunami induced by the 16 September 2015 earthquake in Illapel, Chile. We report measurements of IGW parameters from both observation methodologies using a combination of prior methods and a newly developed method that uses a Gabor filter bank. A previously developed geometric model that takes into account the assumed posture of tsunami‐induced IGWs in the geomagnetic field and the observation geometry is shown to predict fairly well the expected location of the observation in the sky. Results of the Gabor filtering technique are also compared to previously published results for the 11 March 2011 Tohoku event. An overall comparison between all of the tsunami‐induced signatures that have appeared in both the 630.0 nm airglow and TEC above Hawaii to date is provided.
Seasonal divergence in the sensitivity of evapotranspiration to climate and vegetation growth in the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Pei Tingting , Wu Xiuchen , Li Xiaoyan , Zhang Yu , Shi Fangzhong , Ma Yujun , Wang Pei , Zhang Cicheng 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSeasonal variations in terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) have crucial impacts on the seasonal trajectories of the regional water cycle, vegetation growth, and local climate feedback. However, the possibly divergent roles of climate and vegetation growth variations in controlling seasonal ET patterns remain poorly quantified. This study therefore quantifies the interannual sensitivity and attribution of ET to climate and vegetation growth variations in different seasons and different biomes in the YRB in China between 1982 and 2011, using the satellite‐derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), FLUXNET‐based upscaled ET, and concurrent climate data. The results reveal a clear seasonal divergence in the interannual sensitivity of ET to climate and vegetation growth variations in the YRB. Interannual precipitation and NDVI variations play a dominant role in controlling seasonal ET variations in the YRB, with temperature having a marginal effect. Interannual ET sensitivity to precipitation weakens with an increasing mean annual precipitation gradient in almost all seasons, especially in summer and autumn. More importantly, a seasonally varying role of vegetation growth in mediating seasonal ET was discovered, and a crucial role of late‐growing‐season vegetation growth in controlling the seasonal trajectory of regional ET was explicitly identified. These results suggest that ongoing intensive vegetation restoration has crucial impacts on seasonal water‐cycle patterns and consequent terrestrial‐atmospheric biogeochemical feedback in the YRB.
Synthesis of Hydroxy‐Substituted p‐Terphenyls and some Larger Oligophenylenes via Palladium on Charcoal Catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura Reaction
Authors: Jansa Josef , Řezníček Tomáš , Jambor Roman , Bureš Filip , Lyčka Antonín 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA ligand‐free heterogeneous palladium on charcoal (Pd/C)‐catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling has been performed. The series of substituted p‐terphenyls were prepared in very good yields without exclusion of air and with low catalyst loadings. Moreover, the developed environmentally benign and scalable protocol enables to use electron poor and sterically hindered boronic acids.magnified image
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Mild Ring‐Opening Addition of Arenes C−H Bond to 7‐Oxabicyclic Alkenes
Authors: Muralirajan Krishnamoorthy , Prakash Sekar , Cheng Chien‐Hong 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA mild approach for a Cp*Co(III)‐catalyzed C−H naphthylation of arenes by 7‐oxabicyclic alkenes has been developed. In some cases, intermediate products with a 1,2‐dihydronaphthalen‐1‐ol group have been isolated at room temperature in good yield. The catalytic reaction proceeds via C−H activation, insertion, β‐oxygen elimination, protonation, and dehydration, respectively. These simple protocols, featuring mild conditions and tolerance of functional groups, exhibit great potential for a variety of synthetic applications.magnified image
Acetic Acid Accelerated Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalyzed N‐Demethylation of N,N‐Dimethylaminophenyl Derivatives
Authors: Wu Guolin , Li Yazhen , Yu Xuemei , Gao Yu , Chen Haijun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractN,N‐Dimethylaminophenyl moiety is a common fragment in medicinal chemistry as several pharmaceuticals bearing this privileged motif are on the market and under clinical evaluation. Oxidative N‐demethylation is generally regarded as the major metabolic pathway. However, pharmacokinetics, metabolites studies as well as the further structural modification are precluded by the impracticality of chemical synthesis. Here we report that acetic acid can significantly accelerate visible‐light photoredox catalyzed N‐demethylation of N,N‐dimethylaminophenyl derivatives. This approach is easy for large scale reaction and even for potential industrial manufacture.magnified image
Construction of Chiral Tetraorganosilicons by Tandem Desymmetrization of Silacyclobutanes/Intermolecular Dehydrogenative Silylation
Authors: Zhang Qing‐Wei , An Kun , Liu Li‐Chuan , Zhang Qi , Guo Huifang , He Wei 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe report a method to construct chiral tetraorganosilicons by tandem silacyclobutane (SCB) desymmetrization–dehydrogenative silylations. A wide array of dibenzosiloles with stereogenic quaternary silicon centers were obtained in good yields and enantioselectivities up to 93 % ee. Chiral TMS‐segphos was found to be a superior ligand in terms of reactivity and enantioselectivity.
Total Synthesis of (−)‐Histrionicotoxin through a Stereoselective Radical Translocation–Cyclization Reaction
Authors: Sato Manabu , Azuma Hiroki , Daigaku Akihiro , Sato Sota , Takasu Kiyosei , Okano Kentaro , Tokuyama Hidetoshi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractStereoselective total syntheses of (−)‐histrionicotoxin and (−)‐histrionicotoxin 235A are described. The 1‐azaspiro[5.5]undecane skeleton was constructed diastereoselectively by a radical translocation–cyclization reaction involving a chiral cyclic acetal; the use of tris(trimethylsilyl)silane was crucial for the high diastereoselectivity. The cyclization product was converted into (−)‐histrionicotoxin 235A through a one‐pot partial‐reduction–allylation reaction of a derivative containing an unprotected lactam. Finally, two terminal alkenes were transformed into enynes with the 1,3‐amino alcohol protected as an oxathiazolidine oxide to complete the total synthesis of (−)‐histrionicotoxin.
Structural Basis of Sirtuin 6 Activation by Synthetic Small Molecules
Authors: You Weijie , Rotili Dante , Li Tie‐Mei , Kambach Christian , Meleshin Marat , Schutkowski Mike , Chua Katrin F. , Mai Antonello , Steegborn Clemens 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSirtuins are protein deacylases regulating metabolism and stress responses, and are implicated in aging‐related diseases. Small molecule activators for the human sirtuins Sirt1‐7 are sought as chemical tools and potential therapeutics, such as for cancer. Activators are available for Sirt1 and exploit its unique N‐terminus, whereas drug‐like activators for Sirt2–7 are lacking. We synthesized and screened pyrrolo[1,2‐a]quinoxaline derivatives, yielding the first synthetic Sirt6 activators. Biochemical assays show direct, substrate‐independent compound binding to the Sirt6 catalytic core and potent activation of Sirt6‐dependent deacetylation of peptide substrates and complete nucleosomes. Crystal structures of Sirt6/activator complexes reveal that the compounds bind to a Sirt6‐specific acyl channel pocket and identify key interactions. Our results establish potent Sirt6 activation with small molecules and provide a structural basis for further development of Sirt6 activators as tools and therapeutics.
Buttressing Salicylaldehydes: A Multipurpose Directing Group for C(sp3)−H Bond Activation
Authors: Yada Akira , Liao Wenqing , Sato Yuta , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed reaction of primary amines with iodoarenes produces γ‐arylated primary amines. A bulky salicylaldehyde, which is marked as easily available, installable, removable, and recoverable, plays a key role in directing palladium to site‐selectively activate the C−H bond located γ to the amino group.
Effects of Hydroxychloroquine in Patients With Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: A Multicenter, Double‐Blind, Randomized, Parallel‐Group Trial
Authors: Yokogawa N. , Eto H. , Tanikawa A. , Ikeda T. , Yamamoto K. , Takahashi T. , Mizukami H. , Sato T. , Yokota N. , Furukawa F. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and tolerability of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), in a phase III clinical trial conducted in Japan.MethodsWe conducted a double‐blind, randomized, parallel‐group clinical trial. This was a baseline‐controlled study, and the group differences were evaluated in an exploratory analysis. A total of 103 patients with active CLE (according to a Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Disease Area and Severity Index [CLASI] activity score of ≥4) were included. Patients were randomized 3:1 to receive HCQ or placebo during the 16‐week double‐blind period, and all patients were given HCQ during the following 36‐week single‐blind period. The primary efficacy end point was a reduction in the CLASI activity score at week 16. The secondary end points included the central photo evaluation (5‐point scale), patient's global assessment (7‐point scale), the Skindex‐29 score, and investigator's global assessment (7‐point scale, based on the other 3 secondary end points). In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, fatigue and musculoskeletal pain were assessed. Safety was assessed up to week 55.ResultsThe mean CLASI score at week 16 was significantly improved from baseline in both the HCQ group and the placebo group: mean change −4.6 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] −6.1, −3.1) (P < 0.0001), and mean change −3.2 (95% CI −5.1, −1.3) (P = 0.002), respectively, without between‐group difference (P = 0.197). The investigator's global assessment demonstrated a greater proportion of “improved” and “remarkably improved” patients in the HCQ group (51.4% versus 8.7% in the placebo group [P = 0.0002 between groups]). The other secondary end points supported the efficacy of HCQ. Cellulitis, drug eruption, hepatic dysfunction, and Stevens‐Johnson syndrome were shown to be serious adverse events related to HCQ use.ConclusionThe results of this randomized clinical trial support the efficacy and tolerability of HCQ in patients with CLE.
Assuring me that it is as ‘Good as New’ just makes me think about how someone else used it. Examining consumer reaction toward marketer‐provided information about secondhand goods
Authors: Ackerman David S. , Hu Jing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe current study explores consumer reaction to marketer‐provided information regarding secondhand products. Contamination fears and repugnance have not been addressed at length in consumer research. This study seeks to understand why consumers react negatively to used goods from a perspective of the Accessibility and Diagnosticity of information, addressing the issue of consumer reaction elicited by information about contamination of those goods by others. Specifically, it looks at the process of information processing in consumer reaction to marketer‐provided information, assuring them that secondhand goods are as good as new. Two studies were done to determine the difference in consumer reaction to information about a pair of pants between three conditions: used pants, used pants with assurance that they are as good as new and new pants.Results find that consumers may react negatively to positive marketer‐provided information, even if they believe it. Even though marketer‐provided information can persuade consumers to believe that a secondhand product is as good as new, consumer reaction is more negative than if consumers saw no such information. Negative emotions revolving around perceived contamination are elicited by this information that influences consumer reaction seemingly independent of beliefs about used goods. These results have implications for understanding the impact of information processing on consumer reaction to secondhand goods and to marketing communications in general. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Platinum Electrodes for Oxygen Reduction Catalysis Designed by Ultrashort Pulse Laser Structuring
Authors: Lange Karsten , Schulz‐Ruhtenberg Malte , Caro Jürgen 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCompact platinum plates have been micro‐ and nanostructured by using a one‐step process with ultrashort laser pulses. Depending on the parameters of the laser treatment (power, line distance, and scan speed), distinct surface structures can be produced by different spot energy densities. The platinum plates structured this way were tested for their electrochemical activity in the oxygen reduction reaction in aqueous HClO4 by using cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode approaches. The laser‐induced surface structuring yields a substantial enhancement in the electrochemical activity of platinum surfaces. The observed rise of the electrochemical activity by a factor of 1500 is attributed to the considerable increase of the surface area.
Elongated Dihydrogen versus Compressed Dihydride in Osmium Complexes
Authors: Eguillor Beatriz , Esteruelas Miguel A. , Lezáun Virginia , Oliván Montserrat , Oñate Enrique 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSmall modifications on the co‐ligands of complexes containing two coordinated hydrogen atoms can determine the elongated dihydrogen versus compressed dihydride nature of these species and therefore their chemical behavior. 2,6‐diphenylpyridine favors the formation of the osmium(IV) cation [OsH2(C6H4pyPh)(PiPr3)2]+, whereas 2‐phenoxy‐6‐phenylpyridine, which contains an oxygen atom between the heterocycle and one of the phenyl groups, stabilizes the osmium(II) elongated dihydrogen species [Os(C6H4pyOPh)(η2‐H2)(PiPr3)2]+. In contrast to the latter, the former shows a marked tendency to undergo reductive elimination of the heterocycle.
Developments in the design and construction of continuous full‐scale ultrasonic devices for the EVOO industry
Authors: Amirante Riccardo , Clodoveo Maria Lisa 
Published: December 2016

The road of scientific research from the pilot scale plant to the industrial applications is often long and winding. The introduction of an ultrasound device able to replace the malaxers into the virgin olive oil extraction plants is a matter deeply discussed. However, a full‐scale industrial plant able to work in an effectively continuous mode is still lack in the market of olive oil extraction industrial plants. In order to overcome one of the main weaknesses of olive oil extraction plants, the discontinuity of the process due to the presence of the malaxer, a batch machine placed between the crusher and the decanter, effectively continuous ultrasonic full‐scale solutions for the extra virgin olive oil industry have been developed.Practical applications: High power ultrasound for the treatment of olive paste represents a system to replace the malaxing phase, the weakest link of the chain in the VOO extraction process. The malaxer is a batch machine, which works between two continuous devices, the fruit crusher and the decanter. It is also a bad heat exchanger due to a not favorable ratio between the big volume of olive paste that should be warmed and the small surface for the heat exchange. New devices need to be developed in order to optimize the extraction plant, reducing the time of process, the resource consumption without compromise the oil quality, in order to guarantee a right profit for the olive millers.Shock waves and micro jets are produced when cavitation bubbles are collapsed. Cell layers of the fruit pericarp are destroyed by the cavitation effects.
New Hybrid Materials for Improved Hydrogen Production by the Sorption‐Enhanced Steam Reforming of Butanol
Authors: Dewoolkar Karan D. , Vaidya Prakash D. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCatalytically assisted steam reforming coupled with the selective separation of the produced CO2 is a promising approach for improved H2 production. In this work, we synthesized a new mixture (K‐Ni‐CaO/HTlc) of two potential sorbents CaO and hydrotalcite (HTlc), the promoter K, and the reforming catalyst Ni. This hybrid material was tested for the sorption‐enhanced steam reforming of butanol (SESRB) and its performance was compared to that of two unpromoted hybrid materials Ni‐CaO/HTlc and Ni‐CaO/Al2O3. All these hybrid materials were able to produce high‐purity H2. In particular, K‐Ni‐CaO/HTlc exhibited the highest H2 concentration (98.7 mol %) and adsorption capacity (12.8 mol CO2 kgsorbent−1) at 823 K. The cyclic durability was tested for 25 cycles, and K‐Ni‐CaO/HTlc was stable for up to 21 cycles. Conversely, Ni‐CaO/HTlc and Ni‐CaO/Al2O3 remained stable for 15 and 11 cycles only. The addition of K as a promoter was justified by the improved H2 production and multicycle resilience. Finally, a plausible reaction mechanism for SESRB that predominates over the investigated hybrid materials was suggested.
Energy‐Efficient Heat Storage using Gypsum Board with Fatty Acid Ester as Layered Phase Change Material
Authors: Wi Seunghwan , Jeong Su‐Gwang , Chang Seong Jin , Lee Jongki , Kim Sumin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe thermal performance of phase change materials (PCMs) for energy savings is important in various fields. Fatty acid waxes are types of organic fatty acid ester PCMs made from under‐used and renewable feedstocks. However, they possess one major drawback, namely their phase instability in the liquid state. Therefore, to improve stability during phase transitions, a new method of leakage prevention was developed to form the layer. The thermal properties of the layered PCM gypsum boards were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), phase change, enthalpy, and leakage tests. Finally, a dynamic heat transfer analysis of the layered PCM gypsum board was performed for the evaluation of the peak temperature reduction time lag effects of the prepared specimen. The latent heats of palm wax (PW) and beeswax (BW) were 178.1 and 173.6 J g−1 during heating, 159.7 and 140.9 J g−1, during freezing, respectively. Furthermore, the peak temperatures of the three wax‐infused layered PCM gypsum board samples were reduced by 4.6, 6.6 and 0.9 °C, respectively, compared with reference gypsum board.