bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Uterine Fundal Pressure on Maternal Intraocular Pressure in Cesarean Delivery: Comparison of Regional and General Anesthesia
Authors: Kurtay Aysun , Ozayar Esra , Gulec Handan , Yildiz Gokhan , Turkyilmaz Esra , Yildiz Zennure , Horasanli Eyup 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) changes accompanying fundal pressure during a cesarean-section procedure under both regional and general anesthesia.

Methods:
In total, 60 women scheduled for elective cesarean section, none of them diagnosed with ocular problems, were enrolled in the study. Patients underwent cesarean section under either general (group G, n=30) or regional anesthesia (group S, n=30) according to their choice. IOP was measured with a Tono-Pen before (T1) and after (T2) application of anesthesia, during fundal pressure (T3), and after the birth of the baby (T4). Heart rate as well as systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure were recorded during the procedure.

Results:
There was no significant difference in IOP between the groups (P>0.05). In group S, IOP at T3 was significantly higher than at all other timepoints (P<0.001). In group G, IOP at T3 was significantly higher than at T2 and T4. Mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in group S at all timepoints except T1.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, fundal pressure may significantly increase the IOP, but the choice of anesthetic technique may not have any effect on IOP.
Success Rate of Variable Collar Size Frosted Jones Tubes
Authors: Perry C. Blake , Dailey Roger A. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To describe success rates and long-term outcomes of conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (CDCR) with larger collar (4.5 or 5.0 mm) frosted Jones tubes (FJTs).

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of all patients who received a larger collar (4.5 or 5.0 mm) FJT following CDCR by an author (RAD) was performed between January 1, 2010 and July 1, 2016. Patient demographics, etiology of tearing, follow-up time from placement of larger collar FJT, original tube collar diameter, number and sizes of collar adjustments, tearing status, and complications were recorded. Exclusion criteria included follow up less than 6 months after placement of a larger collar FJT. The study was IRB approved, HIPAA compliant, and adherent to the Declaration of Helsinki.

Results:
Twenty-five patients (29 eyes) met the inclusion criteria. Average follow-up time was 30 months. Twenty-eight out of 29 eyes had complete resolution of tearing after placement of larger collar FJT and no tubes were lost. Fourteen out of 29 eyes required adjustment in collar size after a larger collar was placed. Two out of 13 eyes that had a 5.0 mm collar placed required exchanged due to collar prominence.

Conclusion:
With the use of larger collar FJTs, the long-term success of CDCR in tearing patients remains highly effective. This study demonstrates larger collar FJTs are well tolerated and help reduce the chance of tube loss.
Coordinating Care Across Health Care Systems for Veterans With Gynecologic Malignancies
Authors: Zuchowski Jessica L. , Chrystal Joya G. , Hamilton Alison B. , Patton Elizabeth W. , Zephyrin Laurie C. , Yano Elizabeth M. , Cordasco Kristina M. 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Veterans concurrently using both Veterans Affairs (VA) and community providers and facilities have increased coordination needs related to bridging their care across health care settings. Women Veterans commonly require a combination of VA and community care if they have women-specific specialty care needs, such as gynecologic malignancies.

Objectives:
We assessed VA women’s health providers’ and administrators’ perceptions of coordination challenges for Veterans’ gynecologic cancer care, and potential approaches for addressing these challenges.

Research Design and Participants:
We carried out semistructured qualitative interviews with field-based key informants (VA gynecologists, women’s health medical directors, and other staff directly involved in women’s health care coordination) at 15 VA facilities. Transcripts were summarized in a template to capture key points. Themes were identified and iteratively revised (inductively/deductively) via a collaborative decision-making process utilizing matrices to compare content across interviews.

Results:
Key informants (n=23) noted that services for patients with gynecologic cancers are provided through a combination of VA and community care with wide variation in care arrangements by facility. Care coordination challenges included care fragmentation, lack of role clarity and care tracking, and difficulties associated with VA and community provider communication, patient communication, patient records exchange, and authorizations. Care coordination roles suggested for addressing challenges included: care tracker, provider point-of-contact, patient liaison, and records administrator.

Conclusions:
Experiences in coordinating care for women Veterans with gynecologic malignancies receiving concurrent VA and community cancer care reveal challenges inherent in delivering care across health care systems, as well as potential approaches for addressing them.
Using Self-reports or Claims to Assess Disease Prevalence
Authors: St. Clair Patricia , Gaudette Étienne , Zhao Henu , Tysinger Bryan , Seyedin Roxanna , Goldman Dana P. 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Two common ways of measuring disease prevalence include: (1) using self-reported disease diagnosis from survey responses; and (2) using disease-specific diagnosis codes found in administrative data. Because they do not suffer from self-report biases, claims are often assumed to be more objective. However, it is not clear that claims always produce better prevalence estimates.

Objective:
Conduct an assessment of discrepancies between self-report and claims-based measures for 2 diseases in the US elderly to investigate definition, selection, and measurement error issues which may help explain divergence between claims and self-report estimates of prevalence.

Data:
Self-reported data from 3 sources are included: the Health and Retirement Study, the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Claims-based disease measurements are provided from Medicare claims linked to Health and Retirement Study and Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey participants, comprehensive claims data from a 20% random sample of Medicare enrollees, and private health insurance claims from Humana Inc.

Methods:
Prevalence of diagnosed disease in the US elderly are computed and compared across sources. Two medical conditions are considered: diabetes and heart attack.

Results:
Comparisons of diagnosed diabetes and heart attack prevalence show similar trends by source, but claims differ from self-reports with regard to levels. Selection into insurance plans, disease definitions, and the reference period used by algorithms are identified as sources contributing to differences.

Conclusions:
Claims and self-reports both have strengths and weaknesses, which researchers need to consider when interpreting estimates of prevalence from these 2 sources.
Acuity Prediction Using Emergency Medical Services Prenotifications in a Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Williamson Kristy , Gochman Robert , Bullaro Francesca , Kaufman Bradley , Krief William 
Published: June 2017

Objectives
Emergency medical services (EMS) prenotifications are critical, although they oftentimes inaccurately convey the arriving patient’s true acuity, resulting in inappropriate preparation in the emergency department. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine interrater reliability of acuity prediction based on prenotifications among physicians and (2) to compare predicted versus actual patient acuity based on prenotifications.

Methods
A panel of physicians reviewed recordings of EMS prenotifications and then predicted the patient’s acuity using the Emergency Severity Index (ESI). The scores were analyzed for interrater reliability using the weighted κ statistic. In the prospective phase of the study, physicians predicted an ESI before patient arrival based solely on the EMS prenotification and then calculated an actual ESI upon arrival. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and comparisons between the predicted and actual ESI were performed using Wilcoxon signed rank for matched pairs.

Results
Panelists reviewed a total of 23 recordings, and the interrater reliability was 0.23 overall (SE, 0.026; P < 0.001), indicating only fair agreement. One hundred patients were enrolled in the prospective analysis. There was a statistically significant difference between the predicted and actual ESI made by physicians (P = 0.0001). For 46 patients, the predicted and actual scores matched, but 13 patients were “undertriaged,” and 41 patients were “overtriaged” based on predicted acuity.

Conclusions
Interpretation of acuity using EMS prenotifications among physicians was only fairly reliable, and physicians had difficulty predicting actual acuity based on prenotifications. Improper preparation based on these prenotifications can potentially impact patient care and resource allocation.
Intracranial Complications of Pediatric Sinusitis
Authors: Wiersma Alexandria J. , Vu Tien 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
“Headache and fever” is a common presentation to the urgent care and emergency department setting and can have many etiologies. We present a case of a 10-year-old girl who presented with headache and fever and was found to have intracranial extension of sinusitis despite lack of typical sinus or chronic upper respiratory tract infection symptoms. This case illustrates the need in the emergency department or urgent care to keep a broad differential diagnosis for pediatric headache, especially when initial interventions are unsuccessful. We also review the epidemiology of pediatric sinusitis, age at sinus development, and associated intracranial complications.
Development of a Trigger Tool to Identify Adverse Drug Events in Elderly Patients With Multimorbidity
Authors: Toscano Guzmán María Dolores , Galván Banqueri Mercedes , Otero María José , Alfaro Lara Eva Rocío , Casajus Lagranja Pilar , Santos Ramos Bernardo 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Elderly patients with multimorbidity are especially vulnerable to adverse drug events (ADEs) and had high prevalence rates. Identifying ADEs is essential for enabling timely interventions that can mitigate the adverse events detected and for developing targeted strategies to prevent their occurrence as well as to monitor implementation. The aim of this study was to develop a set with appropriate triggers for detecting potential ADEs in elderly patients with multimorbidity.

Methods
A modified Delphi methodology was used to reach consensus. Existing triggers for detecting ADEs in adult patients were identified from a literature search in several databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, and Cochrane Library) and from Institute for Healthcare Improvement published lists. Twelve experts in patient/medication safety or in chronic diseases scored candidate triggers for appropriateness according to 3 criteria (evidence, usefulness for elderly patients, and feasibility of implementation in clinical practice).

Results
Seventy-two triggers were initially selected to be evaluated. The final set includes a total of 51 triggers for which the panelists who completed the 2 rounds of evaluation reached agreement. These triggers were organized into 5 modules: 11 as care module triggers, 10 as antidotes/treatment, 11 medication concentrations, 18 abnormal laboratory values, and 1 as emergency department trigger.

Conclusions
A set of triggers for detecting ADEs in elderly patients with multimorbidity have been developed, following the consensus of a panel of experts. Subsequent validation in clinical practice is needed to confirm the accuracy and efficiency of these triggers for this population.
A Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonias Among Burn Patients by Diagnostic Criteria Set
Authors: Younan Duraid , Griffin Russell , Swain Thomas , Schinnerer Eric , Pittet Jean-Francois , Camins Bernard 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) replaced its old definition for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with ventilator-associated events (VAEs) in 2013. Little data is available comparing the two definitions in burn patients.

Methods:
Data from 2011 to 2014 were collected on burn patients mechanically ventilated for at least 2 days. VAP was determined using two methods: (1) pneumonia as defined by the previous more clinical CDC (NHSN) definition captured in the burn registry; (2) pneumonia as defined by the recent CDC (NHSN) standard of VAEs where patients meeting the criteria for possible VAP were considered having a pneumonia. Cohen kappa statistic was measured to compare both definitions, and chi-square and ANOVA to compare admission and clinical outcomes.

Results:
There were 266 burn patients who were mechanically ventilated for at least 2 days between 2011 and 2014. One hundred patients (37.5%) met the criteria by the old definition and 35 (13.1%) met the criteria for both. The kappa statistic was 0.34 (95% confidence interval 0.23–0.45), suggesting weak agreement. Those who met both definitions were mechanically ventilated for a longer period of time (P = 0.0003), and had a longer intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) (P = 0.0004) and hospital LOS (P = 0.0014).

Conclusions:
There is weak agreement between the two definitions of VAP in severely burn patients. However, patients who met both VAP definitions had longer ventilator days, ICU, and hospital stays.
eIF4A is stimulated by the pre-initiation complex and enhances recruitment of mRNAs regardless of structural complexity
Authors: Yourik Paul , Aitken Colin Echeverría , Zhou Fujun , Gupta Neha , Hinnebusch Alan G. , Lorsch Jon R. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTeIF4A is a DEAD-box RNA-dependent ATPase thought to unwind RNA secondary structure in the 5′-untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs to promote their recruitment to the eukaryotic translation pre-initiation complex (PIC). We show that eIF4A’s ATPase activity is markedly stimulated in the presence of the PIC, independently of eIF4E•eIF4G, but dependent on subunits i and g of the heteromeric eIF3 complex. Surprisingly, eIF4A accelerated the rate of recruitment of all mRNAs tested, regardless of their degree of structural complexity. Structures in the 5′-UTR and 3′ of the start codon synergistically inhibit mRNA recruitment in a manner relieved by eIF4A, indicating that the factor does not act solely to melt hairpins in 5′-UTRs. Our findings that eIF4A functionally interacts with the PIC and plays important roles beyond unwinding 5’-UTR structure is consistent with a recent proposal that eIF4A modulates the conformation of the 40S ribosomal subunit to promote mRNA recruitment.
An open resource for transdiagnostic research in pediatric mental health and learning disorders
Authors: Alexander Lindsay M. , Escalera Jasmine , Ai Lei , Andreotti Charissa , Febre Karina , Mangone Alexander , Potler Natan Vega , Langer Nicolas , Alexander Alexis , Kovacs Meagan , Litke Shannon , O’Hagan Bridget , Andersen Jennifer , Bronstein Batya , Bui Anastasia , Bushey Marijayne , Butler Henry , Castagna Victoria , Camacho Nicolas , Chan Elisha , Citera Danielle , Clucas Jon , Cohen Samantha , Dufek Sarah , Eaves Megan , Fradera Brian , Gardner Judith , Grant-Villegas Natalie , Green Gabriella , Gregory Camille , Hart Emily , Harris Shana , Horton Megan , Kahn Danielle , Kabotyanski Katherine , Karmel Bernard , Kelly Simon P. , Kleinman Kayla , Koo Bonhwang , Kramer Eliza , Lennon Elizabeth , Lord Catherine , Mantello Ginny , Margolis Amy , Merikangas Kathleen R. , Milham Judith , Minniti Giuseppe , Neuhaus Rebecca , Nussbaum Alexandra , Osman Yael , Parra Lucas C. , Pugh Ken R. , Racanello Amy , Restrepo Anita , Saltzman Tian , Septimus Batya , Tobe Russell , Waltz Rachel , Williams Anna , Yeo Anna , Castellanos Francisco X. , Klein Arno , Paus Tomas , Leventhal Bennett L. , Craddock R. Cameron , Koplewicz Harold S. , Milham Michael P. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTTechnological and methodological innovations are equipping researchers with unprecedented capabilities for detecting and characterizing pathologic processes in the developing human brain. As a result, ambitions to achieve clinically useful tools to assist in the diagnosis and management of mental health and learning disorders are gaining momentum. To this end, it is critical to accrue large-scale multimodal datasets that capture a broad range of commonly encountered clinical psychopathology. The Child Mind Institute has launched the Healthy Brain Network (HBN), an ongoing initiative focused on creating and sharing a biobank of data from 10,000 New York area participants (ages 5-21). The HBN Biobank houses data about psychiatric, behavioral, cognitive, and lifestyle phenotypes, as well as multimodal brain imaging (resting and naturalistic viewing fMRI, diffusion MRI, morphometric MRI), electroencephalography, eye-tracking, voice and video recordings, genetics, and actigraphy. Here, we present the rationale, design and implementation of HBN protocols. We describe the first data release (n = 664) and the potential of the biobank to advance related areas (e.g., biophysical modeling, voice analysis).
Unusual Sulfur Requirements During Laboratory Growth ofLuteibacter
Authors: Baltrus David A. , Arnold A. Elizabeth 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMany terrestrial bacteria are assumed to utilize sulfate transport and metabolism as a means for fulfilling cellular sulfur requirements. As such, many defined minimal media for bacterial growth under laboratory conditions contain sulfate as their sulfur source. Herein, an exception to this assumption is described as sulfate transport capabilities have been lost at least once in a lineage ofLuteibacterassociated with plants and fungi. However, a representative of this lineage (an endohyphal species,Luteibactersp. 9143) can grow in minimal media when sulfur is supplemented with organic (cysteine and methionine) or inorganic (thiosulfate) compounds, and when co-cultured with its fungal host. A related strain ofLuteibacter(UNC366Tsa5.1, isolated from the rhizosphere of Arabidopsis) potentially possesses more limited sulfur acquisition pathways thanLuteibactersp. 9143. These results highlight the surprising sulfur requirements ofLuteibacter, which may be illustrative of close associations between these strains and eukaryotes, as well as a need for caution when inferring auxotrophies in a focal strain based on differential growth in minimal versus rich media.ImportanceSulfate is often used as the sulfur source in minimal media. Here we show that someLuteibacterstrains cannot utilize sulfate as a sulfur source, likely due to loss of genes encoding transport proteins. As sulfur requirements forLuteibactercan be met through co-culture with their fungal partner, this knowledge could provide a means to engineer better symbiotic relationships between bacteria and fungi that may be relevant for agriculture. Because growth in minimal media can be restored by supplementation with either cysteine or methionine, and in some cases only methionine, this result highlights how unexpected growth requirements could masquerade as auxotrophy for certain strains and conditions.
Direct and Inverted Repeat stimulated excision (DIRex): Simple, single-step, and scar-free mutagenesis of bacterial genes
Authors: Näsvall Joakim 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe need for generating precisely designed mutations is common in genetics, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Here, I describe a new λ Red recombineering method (Direct andInvertedRepeat stimulatedexcision; DIRex) for fast and easy generation of single point mutations, small insertions or replacements as well as deletions of any size, in bacterial genes. The method does not leave any resistance marker or scar sequence and requires only one transformation to generate a semi-stable intermediate insertion mutant. Spontaneous excision of the intermediate efficiently and accurately generates the final mutant. In addition, the intermediate is transferable between strains by generalized transductions, enabling transfer of the mutation into multiple strains without repeating the recombineering step. Existing methods that can be used to accomplish similar results are either (i) more complicated to design, (ii) more limited in what mutation types can be made, or (iii) require expression of extrinsic factors in addition to λ Red. I demonstrate the utility of the method by generating several deletions, small insertions/replacements, and single nucleotide exchanges inEscherichia coliandSalmonella enterica. Furthermore, the design parameters that influence the excision frequency and the success rate of generating desired point mutations have been examined to determine design guidelines for optimal efficiency.
Non-Parametric Genetic Prediction of Complex Traits with Latent Dirichlet Process Regression Models
Authors: Zeng Ping , Zhou Xiang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractUsing genotype data to perform accurate genetic prediction of complex traits can facilitate genomic selection in animal and plant breeding programs, and can aid in the development of personalized medicine in humans. Because most complex traits have a polygenic architecture, accurate genetic prediction often requires modeling all genetic variants together via polygenic methods. Here, we develop such a polygenic method, which we refer to as the latent Dirichlet process regression model (DPR). DPR is non-parametric in nature, relies on the Dirichlet process to flexibly and adaptively model the effect size distribution, and thus enjoys robust prediction performance across a broad spectrum of genetic architectures. We compare DPR with several commonly used prediction methods with simulations. We further apply DPR to predict gene expressions, to conduct PrediXcan based gene set test, to perform genomic selection of four traits in two species, and to predict eight complex traits in a human cohort.
Repeated imitation makes human vocalizations more word-like
Authors: Edmiston Pierce , Perlman Marcus , Lupyan Gary 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPeople have long pondered the evolution of language and the origin of words. Here, we investigate how conventional spoken words might emerge from imitations of environmental sounds. Does the repeated imitation of an environmental sound gradually give rise to more word-like forms? In what ways do these forms resemble the original sounds that motivated them (i.e., exhibit iconicity)? Participants played a version of the children’s game “Telephone”. The first generation of participants imitated recognizable environmental sounds (e.g., glass breaking, water splashing). Subsequent generations imitated the previous generation of imitations for a maximum of 8 generations. The results showed that the imitations became more stable and word-like, and later imitations were easier to learn as category labels. At the same time, even after 8 generations, both spoken imitations and their written transcriptions could be matched above chance to the category of environmental sound that motivated them. These results show how repeated imitation can create progressively more word-like forms while continuing to retain a resemblance to the original sound that motivated them, and speak to the possible role of human vocal imitation in explaining the origins of at least some spoken words.