bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Outcomes Linkage in UK Biobank
Authors: Bramley Laura , Gay Jo , De Lacy Christopher , Callen Howard , Rose Sean , Flaxman Amy , Codner Gemma , Drake-Brockman Rachael , Lacey Ben , Allen Naomi 
Published: September 2024

UK Biobank is a biomedical database containing de-identified data for over 500,000 participants within the United Kingdom, made globally available to researchers for health-related research in the public interest. To obtain comprehensive health outcome data, UK Biobank links to participants’ electronic medical record (EHR) data from the National Health Service (NHS) amongst others. This currently involves fifteen data pipelines covering death and cancer registries, inpatient records, primary care records, and COVID-19 test and vaccination data, with numerous others planned.
Integrating diverse “real-world” datasets into the resource necessitates a complex data infrastructure and thorough quality assurance. Challenges include file format changes, linkage problems, incomplete or invalid records, problems with encoding systems and discordances between different data sources.
Various methods can be used to integrate data into the resource, including commercial software, internally developed tools, and custom-scripted pipelines for individual feeds. To streamline and standardize data processing, we are trialing a new data integration architecture and toolset. This aims to reduce manual input, and improve transparency, quality assurance and efficiency within and between data pipelines.
The pilot is currently ongoing with results expected in mid-2024. We anticipate these new tools will help to streamline the end-to-end process, which will allow the data analysis and linkage teams to focus on further improving data quality and providing more ‘research-ready’ summary outputs on researchers’ health outcomes of interest. The findings of the pilot will be relevant to researchers and data scientists looking to employ cutting-edge approaches to linkage of any large-scale population data.
Involving patients and the public in research using linked confidential patient information without consent: a case study on the COloRECTal cancer data Repository (CORECT-R)
Authors: Kwok Aden Chun Hei , Downing Amy , Affleck Paul , Rossington Hannah , Howard-Murray Matt , Lwiindi Julliet , Pai Chen-Chun , Gilmour Hamilton Catriona 
Published: September 2024

Objective and ApproachIn 2017, the charity Cancer Research UK funded a UK Colorectal Cancer Intelligence Hub to create the COloRECTal cancer data Repository (CORECT-R). This was intended to be a single research data system that links all datasets across the UK relevant to colorectal cancer and makes them available for research. As the four home nations (i.e. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) have distinct data governance policies, data access and linkage has proven challenging. It has not yet been possible to create a UK-wide resource, hence limiting the potential of the data available. To address this, the Hub has recently sought to gain new governance approvals to link data from the four home nations. As part of this process, we aimed to investigate public acceptability of using confidential patient information (CPI) without consent in CORECT-R.
ResultsSeventy-five participants from a diverse background attended one of four online consultation sessions. Participants raised a number of issues and concerns, including ensuring transparency in the access and use of CPI by academic and commercial partners, and being well-informed of how to opt-out. With open communication and explanation of our approach, participants gave almost unanimous support on the intended CPI use.
ImplicationsInnovation and collaboration between researchers, data custodians and the public are essential to drive responsible and meaningful uses of population data. We showed an exemplar of embedding patient and public involvement in designing data linkage research. Key areas identified from the sessions will form the basis of future consultations.
Data Quality and Legal Barriers to Linking US Government Social Program Data
Authors: Hall Chapin 
Published: September 2024

To link social program data, such as employment, welfare, education, and human services data, a set of high-quality variables or fields are needed to facilitate rigorous linkage. The siloed nature of data collection in the US leads to a lack of consistency in the data that agencies collect. The data that one needs to make high quality linkages are often exactly those that government agencies are unwilling and unable to collect, or those that have poor quality. This has significant implications for privacy-protecting record-linkage and other techniques whereby privacy and confidentiality can be appropriately addressed. There are some obvious examples. For example, in the US, many agencies are unlikely to collect or share Social Security Number because of privacy concerns. A different type of example many agencies collect race or ethnicity poorly, so that the data is not consistent over time or simply inaccurate at the point of collection. Some programs may only collect age or month and year of birthdate. This presentation will discuss strategies to address these barriers short of changing agency practice around data sharing. It will also address how policies are a barrier to better linkage and data use. Also, how the proposed National Secure Data Service may affect state capacity to conduct linkage will also be discussed. This presentation is based on 40 years of experience working with the US federal government, states, and local agencies.
An update on ICES’ Applied Health Research Question (AHRQ) program: Informing public health policy and practice using linked, population-based administrative health data in a collaborative model.
Authors: An Diana , Ho Minnie , Paterson J. Michael , Saskin Refik , Mondor Luke , Atzema Clare , Plumptre Lesley , Retnakanthan Jeruby , Skvirsky Dina , Victor Charles , Bronskill Susan E. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo provide an update on the key characteristics, refinements to project flow, and future opportunities for a program providing customized research evidence to health system policymakers and providers.
ApproachWith a goal to inform health system decision making, the program answers research questions posed by health system requestors that can be answered with linked, population-based administrative data. Now in its 10th year of operation, the program has been refined over time to improve efficiency, usefulness of research products, and requestor satisfaction. Satisfaction surveys and individual-level engagements with requestors are used to collect feedback on the needs of an increasingly diverse group of requests.
ResultsWith 508 requests, 82 Data Sharing Agreements, and 257 unique requestors since its inception, the program informs governmental decision making, evaluates intervention effectiveness, and aids grassroots organizations’ planning for services. Notable updates to the program include, inserting multiple opportunities for connection between the program and requestors through the project life cycle to understand goals and needs; assigning staff scientists to shepherd projects and promote efficiency; training coordinators to review privacy impact assessments; and (soon) accepting a broader range of projects to include data beyond the health sector e.g. education.
ConclusionThis program continues to improve and is an exemplar of sustainable approaches to supporting health system requestors with evidence from administrative data in program evaluation, planning and policy change.
ImplicationsBeing responsive to requestor needs has allowed the program to attract an increasingly diverse range of requesters who can obtain impactful and timely research evidence.
Examining The Care Pathways Patients Experience When Accessing Outpatient Psychiatric Care in British Columbia
Authors: Jessa Husayn , Rudoler David , Lavergne Ruth , Peterson Sandra , McCracken Rita , Kaoser Ridhwana 
Published: September 2024

The British Columbia (BC) mental health roadmap prioritizes equitable access to care. This study investigates the equity of care pathways experienced by BC residents accessing outpatient psychiatric care for the first time. Community-based care pathways are paramount as they indicate timely access to care and are less expensive for the health system.
We analyzed linked administrative BC health data spanning April 1st 2013, to March 31st 2022, to study how sociodemographic factors relate to accessing psychiatric care pathways. Pathways to outpatient psychiatric care include a community-based pathway, hospitalization to primary care to outpatient psychiatry, and hospitalization directly to outpatient psychiatry. Sociodemographic factors considered were administrative sex, immigration recency and status, neighbourhood income quintile and being a recipient of a low-income drug plan. These relationships were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression, adjusting for age, location, fiscal year, and stratifying by mental disorder diagnoses.
Being male, a low-income drug plan recipient, living in a lower income neighbourhood, or being a recent economic immigrant or permit holder was associated with increased odds of accessing outpatient psychiatric care via either hospitalization pathway. Having a diagnosis of schizophrenia/bipolar disorder was independently associated with both hospitalization pathways, and this diagnosis exacerbated the magnitude of the estimates for the sociodemographic characteristics.
We find clear disparities in pathways to accessing outpatient psychiatric care. These disparities indicate health system failures in addressing specific population needs, highlighting the importance of targeted interventions, such as increasing the number of community health workers, to achieve equitable mental health care in BC.
Association between neighbourhood poverty and type 2 diabetes risk. Does moving from a high to lower poverty neighbourhood reduce diabetes risk?
Authors: Majumder Sharmin , Booth Gillian , Moineddin Rahim , Pinto Andrew 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesDiabetes, a pressing global public health crisis, Diabetes, a global health crisis, is significantly impacted by social determinants, including neighborhood characteristics. This study aims to to assess whether relocation from a high poverty to lower poverty neighbourhood is associated with a reduction in T2D incidence.
Methods and ResultsThis population-based, propensity-matched cohort study will use linked administrative health to examine the association between neighborhood relocation and T2D incidence. The study population will include adults (age ≥20 years) residing in high poverty urban neighborhoods between April 1st, 2002, to March 31st, 2021, as defined by an area Low-Income Measure - After Tax value of 38,730 dollars for a household size 4 based on the Canadian Census. Individuals will be followed for a new diagnosis of T2D using a validated algorithm based on hospitalization and physicians’ claims data. Propensity score matching will used to match individuals who moved from high-to-lower poverty neighbourhoods to one of two comparison groups: those moving from high-to-high poverty areas and those who remain in their original neighbourhood. Time-to-event analysis utilizing Cox proportional hazards regression with a robust variance estimator will be used to compare T2D incidence between matched groups. As a sensitivity analysis, non-propensity score modeling will be conducted using neighbourhood of residence as a time-varying covariate. The results of the aforementioned analyses will be presented during the conference.
ImplicationsBy clarifying the link between neighborhood poverty and T2D incidence, the results will guide focused interventions to alleviate health inequalities in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.
A method of automating the process of calculating reliability indicators of software systems and their components
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Seniv M. M. 
Published: September 2024

The existing means of calculating reliability indicators of software systems are analyzed. It has been established that to determine the reliability indicators of software systems, it is advisable to use the structural-logical analysis of reliability block diagrams, since it clearly and most adequately reflects the process of calculating the reliability indicators of the software system as a whole and its components in particular. Despite the external simplicity of such an analysis, conducting it is not a trivial task, because even building the condition of technical system operability is a difficult task, especially in the case of the presence of many elements with various connections between them, when solving which manually there is a very high probability human error. Also, the construction and visualization of the graph of states / transitions is a nontrivial task, since the number of possible states of the software system depending on the number of elements grows exponentially, and, in turn, increases the complexity of the system of differential equations, the solution of which makes it possible to calculate the necessary reliability indicators. It was determined that the process of reliability design of complex software systems in general, and their components in particular, requires automation of all its stages, starting from the compilation of the reliability block diagram (RBD), and ending with the visualization of the obtained results. A method of automating the process of calculating the reliability indicators of software systems and their components has been developed, which consists of eight steps and, unlike the existing ones, allows the designer to intuitively enter not only input data about the structure, but also the software architecture itself from the point of view of its reliability, and also automates all stages of calculating reliability indicators, from the stage of constructing a reliability block diagram to the stage of finding the distribution of probabilities of the software system being in all possible states. The proposed method makes it possible to use in various combinations the methods, lgorithms and software tools used for the reliability design of software systems and to choose from them the most adequate to the needs of the user in a specific situation. The use of the developed method makes it possible to reduce the influence of the human factor and the probability of making an error in the process of calculating reliability indicators of software systems at all stages of reliability design and to reduce its time by at least 21 %.
Forecasting of soil moisture using machine learning in smart agriculture systems
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Fedasyuk D. V. , Kostiuk M. O. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: September 2024

Growing crops in modern conditions is a complex task and practically combines the practices of experience and the latest methods, including information technology, which has become part of the concept of "smart farming". An important factor in the stable predicted yield is the level of soil moisture, which is the result of changes in climatic factors such as air temperature, soil temperature, intensity of solar radiation, rainfall, wind speed, etc. A methodology for processing real historical indicators of climate change in a certain geographical area with subsequent training and application of machine learning models to predict soil moisture is proposed. To build a machine learning model, the following algorithms were selected and studied: the algorithm of regression trees, random forest, linear regression, M5P algorithms and the K* algorithm. The data source for training the models is the open information resource International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN) from ismn.earth/en. , which provides data on soil moisture and temperature, air temperature, and rainfall. Other data was used from the Open Meteo information service, which provides a free API and allows you to get historical data and weather forecast in specified coordinates during specified days. A data structure was developed to train the model for further prediction of soil moisture. An architecture has been developed and a software system for predicting soil moisture based on machine learning algorithms has been created using the Spring Framework, the WEKA library and Java FX with the ability to select and study the appropriate algorithms. Experiments have been carried out and the results of the duration of model training have been presented, while the algorithms of regression trees and linear regression require the least training time. A comparison of algorithms is made according to the following criteria: learning speed, cross-testing speed, prediction speed, testing performance indicators for real historical data. Based on the results of the study, conclusions are drawn about individual algorithms, the feasibility of using them to predict soil moisture based on climatic indicators. The obtained results will make it possible to evaluate and select the best models of machine learning in the design of the information and analytical system "smart agriculture" for forecasting soil moisture.
Rol del docente tutor desde el Paradigma Humanista en el programa de profesionalización
Authors: Uyaguari Fernández Julio 
Published: September 2024

Tener conocimiento cuál es el rol de un docente tutor en este siglo de la globalización, donde las cosas evolucionan de manera acelerada y todo es más competitivo, posibilita tener herramientas básicas para el actuar docente, que permita la transformación de la sociedad y el Buen Vivir. Por ello, en esta investigación se analiza una Guía de intervención didáctica desde el paradigma humanista que permita al docente tutor cumplir con su rol de manera efectiva. Este se desarrolló con los estudiantes del programa de profesionalización de la Universidad Nacional de Educación. Se consideró el enfoque cualitativo, tipo descriptivo, el paradigma socio crítico y, la investigación-acción. Los principales resultados evidencian que la guía favorece a que el tutor cumpla satisfactoriamente su rol; además, permite que se trabaje a partir de necesidades de quienes se están formando. Se concluye que la guía puede ser una herramienta de gran utilidad para las instituciones de educación superior y para educación básica.
Análisis del liderazgo ejercido por los equipos directivos para fomentar una comunidad educativa inclusiva
Authors: Arias García Michael Francisco , Arnaiz-Sánchez Pilar , De Haros Rodríguez Remedios 
Published: September 2024

La educación inclusiva es una cuestión de derechos y su aplicación es fundamental para garantizar el aprendizaje y la participación de la diversidad en las escuelas. La República Dominicana en los últimos años ha dado pasos significativos para generar escuelas inclusivas, abiertas y participativas en donde se refleje la presencia de la diversidad en las escuelas regulares. Así se evidencia en los planes y proyectos del sistema educativo dominicano. Precisamente, en el presente estudio se analizan las actuaciones desarrolladas en los centros educativos por los equipos directivos para favorecer una comunidad educativa inclusiva en siete centros educativos del nivel primario pertenecientes al Municipio de Las Matas de Santa Cruz, República Dominicana. Para estos fines, se utilizó un diseño de investigación descriptivo, no experimental, tipo encuesta. La muestra la compone un total de 60 participantes (directores de centros, coordinadores, orientadores y profesores). Para la recogida de información se utilizó el instrumento “LeiQ. Liderando la educación inclusiva en centros de educación obligatoria- Equipo docente”. Para el análisis de los resultados se llevó a cabo un análisis de estadísticos descriptivos. Los resultados muestran que las actuaciones desarrolladas por los equipos directivos no favorecen del todo la generación de una comunidad educativa inclusiva. Lo que evidencia la necesidad de impulsar acciones que permitan generar comunidades inclusivas.
Transición escolar de dos alumnos inmigrantes de 1,5 generación de origen chino en el sistema educativo español: Un estudio cualitativo
Authors: Li Tiantian 
Published: September 2024

La intención de realizar esta investigación parte de las observaciones y reflexiones personales sobre la inserción y la inclusión de la comunidad china en la sociedad española. Para realizar un estudio a fondo, el presente trabajo se desarrolla centrándose en la transición escolar de alumnado inmigrado de origen chino al sistema educativo español. Por ello, nos acercamos a la vivencia migratoria y la experiencia escolar, siendo dos piezas clave para entender el proceso. Asimismo, buscamos reflexionar sobre las historias singulares construidas por los dos protagonistas, basado en varios factores principales como el idioma, el apoyo familiar entre otros aspectos. Empezamos con una reflexión sobre los retos y desafíos encarados por el alumnado inmigrado, la definición del migrante de la generación 1,5, y los conceptos en torno a la educación intercultural en España, a la raíz de cual surgen las preguntas que nos ayudarán a diseñar el estudio y a marcar los objetivos. De cara a la realización, nos situamos desde la metodología cualitativa, adoptando la entrevista semiestructurada a dos jóvenes de nacionalidad china como método de la recogida de información. Tras el análisis de los datos, se observa un papel de vital importancia que desempeña el profesorado en la transición del alumnado chino, en particular, en la expectativa académica del alumnado inmigrante y su potencialidad de finalizar con éxito sus estudios.
A humeral intracondylar fissure elevates maximum principal bone strain in the humeral condyle and lateral epicondylar crest in French Bulldogs
Authors: McCarthy Jessica , Irandoust Soroush , Muir Peter 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether a humeral intracondylar fissure (HIF) alters bone strain in the French Bulldog humerus, we developed a quantitative CT-based 3-D finite element (FE) model for virtual mechanical testing. We hypothesized that higher strains would be seen in the intracondylar region and lateral epicondylar crest if there was a HIF.

METHODS
Patient CT scans from 3 (n = 3) French Bulldogs were selected. Dog 1 had a closed distal physis and no HIF. Dog 2 had an open distal humeral physis but no HIF. Dog 3 had an open distal physis and a HIF. A 3-D FE model was built for FE analysis, and pressure was applied to the humerus over the region that contacts the radial head.

RESULTS
The maximum principal bone strain patterns differed in each of the models. A path of strain concentration mimicking the typical pattern of a lateral condylar fracture was only found in dog 3. Maximum principal strain exceeded 1% in parts of the lateral epicondylar crest in all 3 dogs.

CONCLUSIONS
We developed a patient-specific, quantitative CT-based 3-D FE model for virtual mechanical testing. We accepted our hypothesis. Strain concentration occurred in the intracondylar region and along the lateral epicondylar crest only when a HIF was present.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The presence of a HIF in French Bulldogs elevates maximum principal bone strain in this region and alters its path in an FE model, which suggests an increased risk of a lateral humeral condylar fracture.