bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic‐assisted extraction of nanocellulose from sweet potato residue and its application in noodles
Authors: Gao Xueli , Li Guanghui , Wang Yonghui , Guo Weiyun , He Shenghua , Huang Jihong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnhancing the amount of dietary fiber without compromising the quality of noodles remains a challenge in the food industry. This study aimed to optimize the ultrasound‐assisted extraction parameters to enhance the yield of nanocellulose from sweet potato residue (SPR) using a response surface methodology. The impact of SPR nanocellulose on noodles' physicochemical properties was also explored. Results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for nanocellulose from SPR were identified as 180.73 U/mL cellulase concentration, 4.28 h ultrasonic time, 444.12 W ultrasonic power, and 14.17 h enzymatic hydrolysis time. The max yield of nanocellulose was 15.93% at optimum extraction conditions. Increasing the amount of SPR nanocellulose resulted in a reduction in the optimal cooking time, water absorption, elongation index, and springiness, as well as an increase in the breaking rate, cooking loss, hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of the noodles. Sensory analysis revealed higher acceptability of the noodles with 6%–12% SPR nanocellulose compared to other treatments. Microstructure demonstrated that noodles with 0%–18% SPR nanocellulose exhibited fewer holes and denser network structures, but higher SPR nanocellulose damaged the protein network. Those findings suggested that noodles with less than 12% SPR nanocellulose exhibited higher quality. This research provided the foundation for the development of nanocellulose‐enriched foods.
Alterations in quality characteristics and bioactive compounds of blackberry fruits subjected to postharvest salicylic acid treatment during cold storage
Authors: Sakaldaş Mustafa , Şen Fatih , Gundogdu Muttalip , Aglar Erdal 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBlackberry deteriorates rapidly after harvest due to its sensitive structure, limiting their storage time to about a week and resulting in significant economic losses. The study was conducted to determine the effects of salicylic acid applications on postharvest fruit quality in blackberries, the harvested fruit was immersed in salicylic acid solutions prepared at concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM for 15 min. Measurements and analyses such as weight loss, decay rate, soluble solids contents (SSC), pH, acidity, respiration rate, vitamin C, organic acids, and phenolic compounds were performed on fruits stored for 12 days with intervals of 4 days. Applying salicylic acid to fruits resulted in significantly less weight loss and decay rate. Salicylic acid application was effective in increasing SSC rate and decreasing titratable acidity with increasing storage time, and lower SSC and higher titratable acidity were measured with this application. Salicylic acid maintained organic acids and vitamin C postharvest. The decreases in individual phenolic compound levels occurred with extended storage time. Salicylic acid application generally was effective in maintaining concentrations of phenolic compounds during storage, and it was found to be effective on fruit quality, with effectiveness varying depending on application dosage. The study identified 1.5 mM as the most effective dosage of salicylic acid, which could be utilized to maintain postharvest quality and extend cold storage in blackberries.
Dynamic evolution of frontal‐temporal network connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy: A magnetoencephalography study
Authors: Liu Xinyan , Han Jiaqi , Zhang Xiating , Zhou Qilin , Huang Zhaoyang , Wang Yuping , Zhang Jicong , Lin Yicong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTemporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) frequently involves an intricate, extensive epileptic frontal‐temporal network. This study aimed to investigate the interactions between temporal and frontal regions and the dynamic patterns of the frontal‐temporal network in TLE patients with different disease durations. The magnetoencephalography data of 36 postoperative seizure‐free patients with long‐term follow‐up of at least 1 year, and 21 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy subjects were included in this study. Patients were initially divided into LONG‐TERM (n = 18, DURATION >10 years) and SHORT‐TERM (n = 18, DURATION ≤10 years) groups based on 10‐year disease duration. For reliability, supplementary analyses were conducted with alternative cutoffs, creating three groups: 0 < DURATION ≤7 years (n = 11), 7 < DURATION ≤14 years (n = 11), and DURATION >14 years (n = 14). This study examined the intraregional phase‐amplitude coupling (PAC) between theta phase and alpha amplitude across the whole brain. The interregional directed phase transfer entropy (dPTE) between frontal and temporal regions in the alpha and theta bands, and the interregional cross‐frequency directionality (CFD) between temporal and frontal regions from the theta phase to the alpha amplitude were further computed and compared among groups. Partial correlation analysis was conducted to investigate correlations between intraregional PAC, interregional dPTE connectivity, interregional CFD, and disease duration. Whole‐brain intraregional PAC analyses revealed enhanced theta phase‐alpha amplitude coupling within the ipsilateral temporal and frontal regions in TLE patients, and the ipsilateral temporal PAC was positively correlated with disease duration (r = 0.38, p <.05). Interregional dPTE analyses demonstrated a gradual increase in frontal‐to‐temporal connectivity within the alpha band, while the direction of theta‐band connectivity reversed from frontal‐to‐temporal to temporal‐to‐frontal as the disease duration increased. Interregional CFD analyses revealed that the inhibitory effect of frontal regions on temporal regions gradually increased with prolonged disease duration (r = −0.36, p <.05). This study clarified the intrinsic reciprocal connectivity between temporal and frontal regions with TLE duration. We propose a dynamically reorganized triple‐stage network that transitions from balanced networks to constrained networks and further develops into imbalanced networks as the disease duration increases.
Evaluating the reduction of elective radiotherapy fields for de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the immunotherapy era
Authors: Jin Ting , Li Pei‐Jing , Jin Qi‐Feng , Hua Yong‐Hong , Chen Xiao‐Zhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluates the outcomes of omitting the high‐ and low‐risk clinical tumor volume (CTV1 and CTV2) radiation in de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (dnm‐NPC) patients in the immunotherapy era.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 45 consecutive dnm‐NPC patients receiving chemotherapy and immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy (CIR) from October 9, 2018 to June 1, 2022. Irradiation was only delivered to the primary tumor and retropharyngeal nodes (GTVnx+rn) and gross cervical lymph nodes (GTVnd).ResultsThe median follow‐up was 45 (range, 15–67) months. There was no recurrence in the omitted elective regions. The 36‐month LRRFS, PFS, and OS were 95.4%, 44.6%, and 90.8%, respectively. The main grade 3/4 hematologic toxicities were neutropenia (42.2%), anemia (20.0%), and thrombocytopenia (13.3%). The incidence of acute grade 3/4 dermatitis, mucositis, and xerostomia were 4.4%, 8.9%, and 4.4%, respectively.ConclusionsOmitting CTV1 and CTV2 was well‐tolerated and provided favorable clinical outcomes in the era of immunotherapy.
Axial split step osteotomy of free iliac crest flaps for mandible reconstruction: Preliminary results
Authors: Yi Shu , Lyu Xiaoming , Wang Wei , Huang Mingwei , Liu Shuming , Zhang Jie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundVascularized bone grafting (VBG) is preferred for mandibular reconstruction post‐tumor ablation. Although various bone‐free flaps are used, their application is compromised by limitations including insufficient bone volume and poor shape. Here, we report mandibular reconstruction using axial split‐step osteotomy with an iliac crest‐free flap.MethodsOver December 2018–November 2020, 12 patients underwent mandibular reconstruction via axial split osteotomy using a free iliac‐crest flap.ResultsThe preoperative iliac‐crest length was 5.7–9.5 mm (median, 7.5 cm); the mean post‐axial split‐osteotomy iliac‐crest length increased to 9.59 mm (range, 6.34–15.15 mm). All patients presented with initial healing 2 weeks postoperation; good bone healing was achieved in all grafted flaps by the third month of follow‐up.ConclusionsWe propose a new axial split‐step osteotomy technique using free iliac‐crest flaps for mandibular reconstruction. We demonstrated this novel technique's reliability for safe and effective bone lengthening and establishing a reliable occlusal relationship.
NUP98 oncofusions in myeloid malignancies: An update on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Rasouli Milad , Troester Selina , Grebien Florian , Goemans Bianca F. , Zwaan C. Michel , Heidenreich Olaf 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematological malignancy with a heterogeneous molecular landscape. In the pediatric context, the NUP98 gene is a frequent target of chromosomal rearrangements that are linked to poor prognosis and unfavorable treatment outcomes in different AML subtypes. The translocations fuse NUP98 to a diverse array of partner genes, resulting in fusion proteins with novel functions. NUP98 fusion oncoproteins induce aberrant biomolecular condensation, abnormal gene expression programs, and re‐wired protein interactions which ultimately cause alterations in the cell cycle and changes in cellular structures, all of which contribute to leukemia development. The extent of these effects is steered by the functional domains of the fusion partners and the influence of concomitant somatic mutations. In this review, we discuss the complex characteristics of NUP98 fusion proteins and potential novel therapeutic approaches for NUP98 fusion‐driven AML.
Awareness and use of the Eat Smart Play Smart resources in Out of School Hours Care services: A staff survey in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Patel Linda , Hammersley Megan L. , Furber Susan , Norman Jennifer , Ryan Sarah T. , Crowe Ruth , Woods Andrew J. , Probst Yasmine C. , Stanley Rebecca M. , Taylor Lauren , Okely Anthony D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedOut of School Hours Care (OSHC) is an important setting to promote healthy eating and physical activity. Between 2017 and 2018, The Eat Smart Play Smart (ESPS) resources were disseminated to OSHC services across New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness and usability of ESPS to support OSHC healthy eating and physical activity practices.MethodsAll NSW OSHC services (approximately 1700) were invited to complete an online survey to assess awareness and use of the ESPS resources (manual and online modules). Data were analysed using SPSS (Version 29).ResultsA total of 393 OSHC staff responded to the survey. Most (75%) had used the ESPS resources. Of the 25% who had not used the resources, 63% indicated it was because they did not receive the manual and 52% were not aware of the resources. Of the OSHC services that knew about the resources, 69% indicated that ESPS contributed to their service's ability to meet the Australian National Quality Standards. Respondents identified additional support was required regarding physical activity educational materials and professional learning. Suggestions for improvements included offering content in different formats (e.g., digital).ConclusionThis evaluation identified factors influencing the uptake of the ESPS resources and will inform future interventions for OSHC staff to improve knowledge and practices in healthy eating and physical activity promotion.So What?Our findings will support the optimisation of ESPS resources and inform future development of future healthy eating and physical activity interventions in the OSHC setting.
Depressed “ping pong” skull fractures in the newborns: A cohort study
Authors: Qudsieh Suhair M. A. , Al Barbarawi Mohammed M. , Altal Omar F. , Barbarawi Ala M. Al , Al‐Zoubi Raed M. , Al Zoubi Mazhar S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsA ping pong fracture is a rare depressed skull fracture (DSF) observed in infants. It occurs due to the inward buckling of the calvarium, creating a cup‐like shape. Trauma during childbirth, particularly from instrumental delivery or the application of pressure by physicians or midwives during challenging deliveries, is the primary cause. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics associated with DSF in newborns and to identify the main factors related to its incidence and the type of hematoma involved.MethodsThis is a retrospective case‐control analysis of all newborns delivered with DSF at King Abdulla University Hospital in Jordan between January 2008 and December 2020. The medical records were reviewed, and clinical data were collected and analyzed.ResultsOut of 42,955 live births delivered at King Abdulla University Hospital, 13 cases of DSF were observed, giving an incidence of 3.0 in 10,000 live births. All cases were delivered at full term. Of the 13 cases, nine cases were associated with the use of instrumental delivery. Seven of those nine cases were delivered vaginally, while the other two cases required cesarean section following unsuccessful instrumental delivery. Four cases were spontaneous, with no history of trauma or instrument use, and delivered by cesarean section. Only 3 of the 13 cases required neurosurgical elevation of DSF. The outcome was excellent in all cases, both cosmetically and neurologically.ConclusionPing‐pong skull fractures are seen in newborns infrequently in the Jordanian population, with an incidence of 0.03%. Most of the cases have resulted from difficult deliveries though spontaneous fractures can be encountered rarely. The treatment is usually conservative with spontaneous resolution. The overall prognosis is excellent both neurologically and cosmically.
Phenotypic and genotypic identification of class C and D β‐lactamases in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mohammadnezhad Nahid , Nazari Maryam , Mostafavi Seyyed Khalil Shokouhi , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Khademi Farzad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe emergence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) antibiotic resistance is an important public health problem worldwide that can negatively affect infection control. Therefore, obtaining knowledge about antibiotic resistance mechanisms is necessary for infection control policies. This study aimed to determine the frequency of class C and D β‐lactamases in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients referred to Ardabil hospitals using phenotypic and genotypic tests.MethodsPhenotypic detection of β‐lactamases including AmpC cephalosporinase, oxacillinase (OXA)‐type extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases (ESBLs), and OXA‐type carbapenemases were performed using the disk diffusion‐based methods. Amplification of genes encoding classes C (ampC and FOX genes) and D (OXA‐1, OXA‐2, OXA‐10, OXA‐23, and OXA‐48 genes) β‐lactamases was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. A quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐PCR) method was used to determine the expression level of the ampC gene among multiple drug‐resistant and imipenem‐resistant P. aeruginosa strains.ResultsIn phenotypic tests, the prevalence of AmpC cephalosporinase, OXA‐type ESBLs, and OXA‐type carbapenemases were 52.5%, 7.2%, and 95.8%, respectively. In genotypic tests, the prevalence of ampC, FOX, OXA‐1, OXA‐2, OXA‐10, OXA‐23, and OXA‐48 genes were 100%, 0%, 4.3%, 60.8%, 42%, 29.7%, and 2.9%, respectively. In addition, the ampC gene overexpression was seen in 16 (33.3%) drug‐resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates.ConclusionGiven the presence of class C and D β‐lactamases in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in Ardabil hospitals, early detection of these strains can help prevent the spread of resistant strains in hospital environments and subsequent treatment failure.
Metaverse and its impact on medical education and health care system: A narrative review
Authors: Ghaempanah Faezeh , Moasses Ghafari Bahar , Hesami Darya , Hossein Zadeh Reza , Noroozpoor Rashin , Moodi Ghalibaf AmirAli , Hasanabadi Parsa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe metaverse has enormous potential in health care, continuously developing and offering innovative solutions by combining artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR), Internet of Medical Devices, and quantum computing technologies. In addition to using virtual platforms to help and boost medical education, familiarity with this platform is necessary to strengthen medical skills and communication with patients in medical sciences in the future.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search using keywords and their MeSH synonyms, including “metaverse,” “medical education,” and “health care,” across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. After screening the results, relevant articles were selected to inform the writing of this manuscript.ResultsThe metaverse is shaping the future of medical sciences, offering new opportunities for health education, advocacy training, and patient outcome improvement. The combination of real and virtual worlds may advance international relations, facilitate data sharing, increase medical care speed, and reduce infectious diseases. The metaverse, despite its benefits, has some limitations. Only 37% of 15−24‐year‐olds have internet access, and AR/VR glasses are expensive and may cause eye discomfort. It is also a potential risk for medical students, who may need help understanding the limitations of simulations and develop unrealistic expectations. Considering the metaverse as a supplement to clinical practice, not a replacement for supervised training, is crucial. Ethical concerns, data security, privacy, and lack of instructions for education are also issues. However, providing information about the metaverse can increase health care workers' attribution to use it for patient examinations, students' education, and tests.ConclusionThis paper explores the impact of the metaverse on medical science education and underscores the need to integrate the metaverse into all areas of medical sciences as a supplement to existing evidence.
Unraveling tea and coffee consumption effects on cardiovascular diseases risk factors: A narrative review
Authors: Setia Santoso Laurentia Fidella Averina , Nasr Kristina , Roumani Adam Maamar , Abou Zeid Hadi Khaled , Dabbous Mohammed Shawki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgrounds and AimsDaily lifestyle plays a vital role in modifying the risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Our daily life isn't inseparable from nutrition intake. As such, tea and coffee are often regarded as the most consumed beverages worldwide. There have been a lot of debates on the adverse effects and benefits of consuming these popular beverages. This comprehensive review explores the different types of tea and coffee and their mechanism of action. It delves deeper into their roles in reducing CVD risk, aiding CVD recovery, lowering CVD mortality, and their varying effects across populations and regions.MethodsAn extensive literature search was conducted on PubMed. Relevant articles were identified through cross‐referencing and manual searches. Excluded from the study were commentaries, case reports, clinical vignettes, and non‐English articles.ResultsTea and coffee contain varying levels of caffeine and other bioactive compounds with cardioprotective effects against oxidative stress, inflammation, and more. Genetic factors further modulate their effects. Tea flavonoids benefit cholesterol, blood pressure, and endothelial function, while coffee constituents impact oxidative stress, metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and gut flora. Moderate consumption of both beverages may offer cardiovascular benefits, but outcomes vary depending on populations and conditions. Tea and coffee consumption may influence CVD recovery by reducing mortality and improving survival, however, it must be noted that it has the potential to be harmful to some individuals.ConclusionEvidence suggests that moderate consumption of these beverages may be linked to reduced cardiovascular mortality, although individual characteristics and pre‐existing conditions can influence outcomes. Excessive caffeine consumption, found in both beverages, may pose risks such as arrhythmias, hypertension, and cardiovascular mortality in CVD patients, with a dose‐dependent nature. Future research should delve into mechanisms, genetic factors, and diverse cultural impacts of its use. Health care providers should consider individual characteristics when advising on tea and coffee consumption in the context of cardiovascular health.
The future of immunotherapy for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Duell Johannes , Westin Jason 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith the introduction of anti‐CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell (CAR T) therapies, bispecific CD3/CD20 antibodies and anti‐CD19 antibodies, immunotherapy continues to transform the treatment of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A number of novel immunotherapeutic strategies are under investigation to build upon current clinical benefit and offer further options to those patients who cannot tolerate conventional intensive therapies due to their age and/or state of health. Alongside immunotherapies that leverage the adaptive immune response, natural killer (NK) cell and myeloid cell‐engaging therapies can utilize the innate immune system. Monoclonal antibodies engineered for greater recognition by the patient's immune system can enhance antitumor cytotoxic mechanisms mediated by NK cells and macrophages. In addition, CAR technology is extending into NK cells and macrophages and investigational immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting macrophage/myeloid cell checkpoints via the CD47/SIRPα axis are in development. Regimens that engage both innate and adaptive immune responses may help to overcome resistance to current immunotherapies. Furthermore, combinations of immunotherapy and oncogenic pathway inhibitors to reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of DLBCL may also potentiate antitumor responses. As immunotherapy treatment options continue to expand, both in the first‐line setting and further lines of therapy, understanding how to harness these immunotherapies and the potential for combination approaches will be important for the development of future DLBCL treatment approaches.