bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poster 283: Revision Patellofemoral Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Yalcin Sercan , Poirier Sarah E. , Farrow Lutul D. 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To report demographic and radiologic data, and clinical outcomes of patients undergoing revision surgery for patellar instability Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. We included patients undergoing revision surgery for patellar instability between January 2010 and January 2022 in our institution. Exclusion criteria included patients with missing information regarding their primary surgery, patients with congenital disorders and patients with a history of distal femoral or proximal tibial osteotomy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v. 20. Results: Ninety-six patients underwent revision surgery for patellofemoral instability. Eight patients were excluded based on exclusion criteria (Figure 1). Of the 88 patients included in final analysis, 44 (50%) had their primary surgery in our institution and revision rate in our institution was 3.8%. Primary surgeries included lateral retinacular release (LRR):18, medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reefing: 19, MPFL reconstruction (MPFLR): 33, Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO): 24 (Table 1). Revision surgeries included: Lateral patellofemoral ligament reconstruction for iatrogenic medial instability: 6, MPFL release for persistent pain: 3, MPFLR: 36, MPFLR with Patellar tendon shortening: 5, MPFLR with Trochleoplasty: 4, Revision of femoral screw: 1, TTO: 19, TTO+MPFLR: 10, TTO+Trochleoplasty: 1, TTO+MPFLR+Trochleoplasty: 3 (Table 2). Patients having LRR as primary surgery had more female patients and higher patellar tilt, MPFLR patients had higher incidence of trochlear dysplasia, MPFL reefing patients were younger (Table 1). In our cohort of patients undergoing revision surgery for patellar instability, the mean tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance was 17.2 mm and the mean Caton-Deschamps Index (CDI) was 1.42. The incidences of trochlear dysplasia and skeletally immature patients were 61% and 68.2%, respectively (Table 1). The Median follow up period after revision surgery was 81 months. The overall complication rate after revision surgery was 12.5% (11/88) and occurred at a median of 31.5 months. Ten patients had recurrent patellar instability and one patient had tibial tubercle fracture (Table 3). Conclusions: The overall incidence of revision surgery was 3.8 after a primary surgery for patellar instability at a median of 31.5 months. Complications occur in 12.5% of patients after the revision surgery with the majority (10/11) being recurrent patellar instability. In our cohort, CDI and the incidences of trochlear dysplasia and skeletally immature patients were increased while the mean TT-TG distance was not.
Poster 299: Culturing Osteochondral Explants Under Rotatory Shaking or After Removing Bone Marrow Elements Increase Explant Cellular Viability
Authors: Leite Chilan , Ormsby Renee , Mekhail Julie , Charles Julia , Gortz Simon , Merkely Gergo , Lattermann Christian M. 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: Reduced viability in the deepest zones of osteochondral allografts (OCAs) can weaken the subchondral interface, potentially causing graft delamination and failure. This reduction may result from nutritional imbalances due to uneven media distribution or interference from bone marrow elements. This study aims to investigate whether culturing OCAs using a rotatory shaker or removing the bone marrow elements increase graft cellular viability. Methods: Bovine osteochondral (OC) explants were stored for 28 days at 4°C under three different conditions (n = 6 explants/group): static (control group), rotatory shaker at 150 rpm (shaker group), and static after removing bone marrow elements using a waterpik device (waterpik group). Chondrocyte viability was assessed using live/dead staining across the entire tissue and in each zone (superficial, middle, deep zone). Subchondral bone viability was assessed using tunel staining by detecting apoptotic cells. Results: The use of a rotatory shaker (p = 0.010) or waterpik (p = 0.005) significantly increased chondrocyte viability compared to the static control. When analyzing by zone, both the shaker and the waterpik groups displayed higher cellular viability in the middle (p < 0.001) and deep zone (p = 0.018, shaker; p = 0.025, waterpik) when contrasted with the control group. Furthermore, shaker and waterpik groups demonstrated reduced levels of subchondral bone apoptotic cells compared to control (p = 0.018 and p = 0.007, respectively). Notably, no significant differences were observed between the shaker and waterpik groups in any of the analyses. Conclusions: These findings indicate that both rotatory shaking and removing bone marrow elements during osteochondral explants storage lead to higher cellular viability at the middle and deep zones of the graft compared to the static storage condition. Enhancing nutrition delivery to the graft could improve its quality, potentially improving outcomes of OCA transplantation. [Figure: see text][Figure: see text][Figure: see text][Figure: see text]
Dynamic Analysis of Geared Rotor System with Hybrid Uncertainties
Authors: Feng Wei , Wu Luji , Liu Yanxu , Liu Baoguo , Liu Zongyao , Zhang Kun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCurrent research on the dynamics and vibrations of geared rotor systems primarily focuses on deterministic models. However, uncertainties inevitably exist in the gear system, which cause uncertainties in system parameters and subsequently influence the accurate evaluation of system dynamic behavior. In this study, a dynamic model of a geared rotor system with mixed parameters and model uncertainties is proposed. Initially, the dynamic model of the geared rotor-bearing system with deterministic parameters is established using a finite element method. Subsequently, a nonparametric method is introduced to model the hybrid uncertainties in the dynamic model. Deviation coefficients and dispersion parameters are used to reflect the levels of parameter and model uncertainty. For example, the study evaluates the effects of uncertain bearing and mesh stiffness on the vibration responses of a geared rotor system. The results demonstrate that the influence of uncertainty varies among different model types. Model uncertainties have a more significant than parametric uncertainties, whereas hybrid uncertainties increase the nonlinearities and complexities of the system’s dynamic responses. These findings provide valuable insights into understanding the dynamic behavior of geared system with hybrid uncertainties.
Real-world evidence study on the impact of SPECT MPI, PET MPI, cCTA and stress echocardiography on downstream healthcare utilisation in patients with coronary artery disease in the US
Authors: Pelletier-Galarneau Matthieu , Cabra Arturo , Szabo Erika , Angadageri Santosh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with a large clinical and economic burden. However, consensus on the optimal approach to CAD diagnosis is lacking. This study sought to compare downstream healthcare resource utilisation following different cardiac imaging modalities, to inform test selection for CAD diagnosis.

Methods
Claims and electronic health records data from the Decision Resources Group Real-World Evidence US Data Repository were analysed for 2.5 million US patients who underwent single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI), positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (PET MPI), coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA), or stress echocardiography between January 2016 and March 2018. Patients were stratified into nine cohorts based on suspected or existing CAD diagnosis, pre-test risk, and prior events or interventions. Downstream healthcare utilisation, including additional diagnostic imaging, coronary angiography, and cardiac-related health system encounters, was compared by cohort and index imaging modality.

Results
Among patients with suspected CAD diagnosed within 3 months of the index test, PET MPI was associated with lower downstream utilisation; 25–37% of patients who underwent PET MPI required additional downstream healthcare resources compared with 40–49% of patients who received SPECT MPI, 35–41% of patients who underwent cCTA, and 44–47% of patients who received stress echocardiography. Patients who underwent PET MPI experienced fewer acute cardiac events (5.3–9.4%) and generally had lower rates of healthcare encounters (0.8–4.1%) and invasive coronary angiography (ICA, 15.4–24.2%) than those who underwent other modalities. SPECT MPI was associated with more downstream ICA (31.3–38.2%) and a higher rate of cardiac events (9.5–13.2%) compared with PET MPI (5.3–9.4%) and cCTA (6.9–9.9%). Across all cohorts, additional diagnostic imaging was 1.6 to 4.7 times more frequent with cCTA compared with PET MPI.

Conclusion
Choice of imaging modality for CAD diagnosis impacts downstream healthcare utilisation. PET MPI was associated with lower utilisation across multiple metrics compared with other imaging modalities studied.
Development and validation of a prediction model for people with mild chronic kidney disease in Japanese individuals
Authors: Miki Takahiro , Sakoda Toshiya , Yamamoto Kojiro , Takeyama Kento , Hagiwara Yuta , Imaizumi Takahiro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses significant health risks due to its asymptomatic nature in early stages and its association with increased cardiovascular and kidney events. Early detection and management are critical for improving outcomes.

Objective
This study aimed to develop and validate a prediction model for hospitalization for ischemic heart disease (IHD) or cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and major kidney events in Japanese individuals with mild CKD using readily available health check and prescription data.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from approximately 850,000 individuals in the PREVENT Inc. database, collected between April 2013 and April 2023. Cox proportional hazard regression models were utilized to derive and validate risk scores for hospitalization for IHD/CVD and major kidney events, incorporating traditional risk factors and CKD-specific variables. Model performance was assessed using the concordance index (c-index) and 5-fold cross-validation.

Results
A total of 40,351 individuals were included. Key predictors included age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, and lipid levels for hospitalization for IHD/CVD and major kidney events. Age significantly increased the risk score for both hospitalization for IHD/CVD and major kidney events. The baseline 5-year survival rates are 0.99 for hospitalization for IHD/CVD and major kidney events are 0.99. The developed risk models demonstrated predictive ability, with mean c-indexes of 0.75 for hospitalization for IHD/CVD and 0.69 for major kidney events.

Conclusions
This prediction model offers a practical tool for early identification of Japanese individuals with mild CKD at risk for hospitalization for IHD/CVD and major kidney events, facilitating timely interventions to improve patient outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. The models stratified patients into risk categories, enabling identification of those at higher risk for adverse events. Further clinical validation is required.
“The patient as teacher” - thematic analysis of undergraduate medical students’ experiences with an experiential learning project in palliative care
Authors: Stocklassa Stephanie , Block Susan , Paal Piret , Elsner Frank 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Experiential learning holds high potential for medical students’ education in palliative care. At RWTH Aachen University in Germany, medical students can participate in the course “The Patient as Teacher” offering a one-to-one exchange with a terminally ill patient over a period of several weeks complemented with four supervision sessions and writing of a reflective essay. The course had run from 2005 to 2020 before it was paused due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the course’s value as a palliative care teaching tool by investigating students’ motivation and experiences over the years 2005–2020.

Methods
A stratified sample of 24 essays was taken from all submitted essays (n = 78), eight essays from the years 2005–2009, 2010–2014, and 2015–2020. Subsequently, a thematic analysis of the selected essays was conducted.

Results
The students felt motivated by the opportunity to gain more experience in palliative care, to improve their communication skills and to decrease insecurities in interaction with terminally ill patients. They learned about the patient’s biography and medical history, and encountered physical, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of living with a life-limiting disease. Moreover, they experienced relationship building and communication with a terminally ill patient outside their role as future doctors. Ultimately, they considered their participation as a beneficial experience on both a personal and professional level.

Conclusions
The course “The Patient as Teacher” presents a valuable tool for experiential learning in palliative care, which has elicited an unceasingly positive response among the students who participated over the years. It has facilitated medical students in overcoming insecurities in dealing with terminally ill patients and supported them in further developing their professional identity.
Mental health on two continua: mental wellbeing and common mental disorders in a community-based cross-sectional study with women in urban informal settlements in India
Authors: Kanougiya Suman , Daruwalla Nayreen , Osrin David 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
We considered the suggestion that mental health is the product of two intersecting continua: psychological distress and mental wellbeing.

Objectives
To understand prevalences of low mental wellbeing, depression and anxiety, and examine associations between them and with sociodemographic variables.

Methods
In a cross-sectional survey in informal settlements, 4906 women aged 18–49 years answered questions on mental wellbeing (Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale: SWEMWBS) and symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire: PHQ-9) and anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder: GAD-7). We used regression models to examine associations of lower mental wellbeing with symptoms suggesting moderate-to-severe depression and anxiety, and with sociodemographic characteristics.

Results
About 15% of women reported symptoms of low wellbeing, 9% symptoms of moderate-to-severe depression, and 6% symptoms of moderate-to-severe anxiety. Women with low wellbeing did not necessarily report symptoms suggesting anxiety or depression, and women with anxiety or depression did not necessarily report low wellbeing. In adjusted models, poorer and less educated women were more likely to report low wellbeing. Symptoms of anxiety or depression were more likely to be reported by widowed, separated, or divorced women, women who were in paid employment, and women who used drugs or alcohol themselves or whose partners did. Women with low wellbeing had at least double the odds of reporting symptoms of moderate-to-severe depression or anxiety than women who reported greater wellbeing.

Conclusion
The findings support the idea of two continua of mental health. How individual women cope with mental illness and nevertheless enjoy a state of wellbeing deserves more study.
Depressive symptoms, conduct problems and alcohol use from age 13 to 19 in Norway: evidence from the MyLife longitudinal study
Authors: Brunborg Geir Scott , Bang Lasse , Skogen Jens Christoffer , Burdzovic Andreas Jasmina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Even though mental health problems and alcohol use remain major challenges facing adolescents, our understanding of their developmental progressions primarily stems from cohorts coming 1 of age in the early 2000’s. We aimed to examine and describe normative developmental trajectories of depression, conduct problems, and alcohol use across adolescent years among more recent cohorts of Norwegian youth born in the 21st century.

Methods
Multilevel mixed linear models for symptoms of depression and conduct disorder, and multilevel mixed logistic models for depressive disorder, conduct problems, any alcohol use, and risky drinking, were estimated with longitudinal data from a nationwide sample N = 3436 (55% girls) of Norwegian adolescents (mean age 14.3 [SD = 0.85] in 2017). We compared models with linear, quadratic, and cubic change with age, and models that tested moderation by sex and centrality (rural vs. urban communities).

Results
Average symptoms and the rate of depressive disorder increased sharply from age 13 to age 19, but both the initial levels and the rates of change were greater for girls than for boys. Average symptoms of conduct disorder and the rate of conduct problems increased in early adolescence and were greater for boys than girls. The rates of any alcohol use and risky drinking both increased sharply from age 14, but there were no notable sex differences either in the initial levels or rates of change over time. Adolescents from more rural communities had greater rates of any drinking in mid-adolescence, but there were no other effects of centrality.

Conclusions
This study provides a much-needed update concerning normative developmental trajectories of depression, conduct problems, and alcohol use among millennium cohorts. Consistent with prior studies, we observed significant increases in all outcomes across adolescence, with depression being both greater and more prevalent among girls and conduct problems being both greater and more prevalent among boys. Consistent with the emerging evidence, we observed no sex differences in alcohol use. Finally, there were no differences in the examined developmental trajectories as a function of centrality. These findings underscore the importance of early prevention and treatment of mental health and substance use problems.
Enhancer looping protein LDB1 modulates MYB expression in T-ALL cell lines in vitro by cooperating with master transcription factors
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Zimu , Yu Juanjuan , Yin Hongli , Chu Xinran , Cao Haibo , Tao Yanfang , Zhang Yongping , Li Zhiheng , Wu Shuiyan , Hu Yizhou , Zhu Frank , Gao Jizhao , Wang Xiaodong , Zhou Bi , Jiao Wanyan , Wu Yumeng , Yang Yang , Chen Yanling , Zhuo Ran , Yang Ying , Zhang Fenli , Shi Lei , Hu Yixin , Pan Jian , Hu Shaoyan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite significant progress in the prognosis of pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in recent decades, a notable portion of children still confronts challenges such as treatment resistance and recurrence, leading to limited options and a poor prognosis. LIM domain-binding protein 1 (LDB1) has been confirmed to exert a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes. In our research, we aim to elucidate the underlying function and mechanisms of LDB1 within the background of T-ALL.

Methods
Employing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) techniques, we delineated the functional impact of LDB1 in T-ALL cell lines. Through the application of RNA-Seq, CUT&Tag, and immunoprecipitation assays, we scrutinized master transcription factors cooperating with LDB1 and identified downstream targets under LDB1 regulation.

Results
LDB1 emerges as a critical transcription factor co-activator in cell lines derived from T-ALL. It primarily collaborates with master transcription factors (ERG, ETV6, IRF1) to cooperatively regulate the transcription of downstream target genes. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments affirm the essential fuction of LDB1 in the proliferation and survival of cell lines derived from T-ALL, with MYB identified as a significant downstream target of LDB1.

Conclusions
To sum up, our research establishes the pivotal fuction of LDB1 in the tumorigenesis and progression of T-ALL cell lines. Mechanistic insights reveal that LDB1 cooperates with ERG, ETV6, and IRF1 to modulate the expression of downstream effector genes. Furthermore, LDB1 controls MYB through remote enhancer modulation, providing valuable mechanistic insights into its involvement in the progression of T-ALL.
Molecular xenomonitoring reveals Anopheles funestus and An. rivulorum as the primary vectors of lymphatic filariasis in coastal Kenya
Authors: Bartilol Brian , Babu Lawrence , Garama Karisa , Karisa Jonathan , Kamau Alice , Mwandawiro Charles , Wanjiku Caroline , Mbogo Charles , Maia Marta , Mwangangi Joseph , Rono Martin Kibet 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is an infectious neglected tropical disease caused by mosquito-borne nematodes such as Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. Globally, LF affects 51 million people, with approximately 863 million at risk in 47 countries. In Kenya, filariasis is endemic along the entire coastal strip, and more recently, at the Kenya–Ugandan border. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends mass drug administration to reduce disease transmission and morbidity. Monitoring the effectiveness of such interventions relies on robust surveillance, achieved through microscopic examination of microfilariae in nighttime blood, detection of circulating filarial antigens (CFA), and molecular xenomonitoring. We focused on molecular xenomonitoring along the Kenyan coast due to its noninvasive nature and the opportunity to identify new vectors.

Methods
In 2022, mosquitoes were collected from Kilifi, Kwale, and Taita-Taveta counties located within the LF endemic region in Kenya. Subsequently, genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (gDNA) was extracted from these mosquitoes for speciation and analysis of Wuchereria bancrofti infection rates. The impact of sociodemographic and household attributes on infection rates was assessed using generalized estimating equations.

Results
A total of 18,121 mosquitoes belonging to Culicinae (63.0%, n = 11,414) and Anophelinae (37.0%, n = 6707) subfamilies were collected. Morphological identification revealed that Anopheline mosquitoes were dominated by An. funestus (45.4%, n = 3045) and An. gambiae (42.8%, n = 2873). Wuchereria bancrofti infection rates were highest in Kilifi (35.4%; 95% CI 28.0–43.3%, n = 57/161) and lowest in Taita Taveta (5.3%; 95% CI 3.3–8.0%, n = 22/412). The major vectors incriminated are An. rivulorum, An. funestus sensu stricto, and An. arabiensis. Mosquitoes of the An. funestus complex were significantly associated with LF transmission (OR 18.0; 95% CI 1.80–180; p = 0.014). Additionally, a higher risk of transmission was observed outdoors (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.08–2.82; p = 0.024) and in homesteads that owned livestock (OR 2.00; 95% CI 1.09–3.66; p = 0.025).

Conclusions
In this study, we identified An. funestus s.l. sibling species, An. rivulorum and An. funestus s.s., as the primary vectors of lymphatic filariasis along the Kenyan coast. These findings also highlight that a significant portion of disease transmission potentially occurs outdoors where indoor-based vector control tools, including long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spray, may not be effective. Therefore, control measures targeting outdoor resting mosquitoes such as zooprophylaxis, larval source management, and attractive sugar baits may have potential for LF transmission reduction.

Graphical Abstract