bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microwave flow and conventional heating effects on the physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds and enzymatic activity of tomato puree
Authors: Arjmandi Mitra , Otón Mariano , Artés Francisco , Artés‐Hernández Francisco , Gómez Perla A , Aguayo Encarna 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThermal processing causes a number of undesirable changes in physicochemical and bioactive properties of tomato products. Microwave (MW) technology is an emergent thermal industrial process that offers a rapid and uniform heating, high energy efficiency and high overall quality of the final product. The main quality changes of tomato puree after pasteurization at 96 ± 2 °C for 35 s, provided by a semi‐industrial continuous microwave oven (MWP) under different doses (low power/long time to high power/short time) or by conventional method (CP) were studied.RESULTSAll heat treatments reduced colour quality, total antioxidant capacity and vitamin C, with a greater reduction inCPthan inMWP. On the other hand, use of anMWP, in particular high power/short time (1900 W/180 s, 2700 W/160 s and 3150 W/150 s) enhanced the viscosity and lycopene extraction and decreased the enzyme residual activity better than withCPsamples. For tomato puree, polygalacturonase was the more thermo‐resistant enzyme, and could be used as an indicator of pasteurization efficiency.CONCLUSIONMWPwas an excellent pasteurization technique that provided tomato puree with improved nutritional quality, reducing process times compared to the standard pasteurization process. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of soybeans with low P34 allergen protein concentration for reduced allergenicity of soy foods
Authors: Watanabe Daisuke , Adányi Nóra , Takács Krisztina , Maczó Anita , Nagy András , Gelencsér Éva , Pachner Martin , Lauter Kathrin , Baumgartner Sabine , Vollmann Johann 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn soybean, at least 16 seed proteins have been identified as causing allergenic reactions in sensitive individuals. As a soybean genebank accession low in the immunodominant protein P34 (Gly m Bd 30K) has recently been found, introgression of the low‐P34 trait into adapted soybean germplasm has been attempted in order to improve the safety of food products containing soybean protein. Therefore, marker‐assisted selection and proteomics were applied to identify and characterize low‐P34 soybeans.RESULTSIn low‐P34 lines selected from a cross‐population, concentrations of the P34 protein as identified with a polyclonal antibody were reduced by 50–70% as compared to P34‐containing controls. Using 2D electrophoresis and immunoblotting, the reduction of P34 protein was verified in low‐P34 lines. This result was confirmed by liquid chromatographic–tandem mass spectrometric analysis, which revealed either a reduction or complete absence of the authentic P34 protein as suggested from presence or absence of a unique peptide useful for discriminating between conventional and low‐P34 lines.CONCLUSIONMarker‐assisted selection proved useful for identifying low‐P34 soybean lines for the development of hypoallergenic soy foods. The status of the P34 protein in low‐P34 lines needs further characterization. In addition, the food safety relevance of low‐P34 soybeans should be tested in clinical studies. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Sex determination and gender expression: Reproductive investment in snails
Authors: Koene Joris M. 
Published: June 2016

SUMMARYSex determination is generally seen as an issue of importance for separate‐sexed organisms; however, when considering other sexual systems, such as hermaphroditism, sex allocation is a less‐binary form of sex determination. As illustrated here, with examples from molluscs, this different vantage point can offer important evolutionary insights. After all, males and females produce only one type of gamete, whereas hermaphrodites produce both. In addition, sperm and accessory gland products are donated bidirectionally. For reciprocal mating, this is obvious since sperm are exchanged within one mating interaction; but even unilaterally mating species end up mating in both sexual roles, albeit not simultaneously. With this in mind, I highlight two factors that play an important role in how reproductive investment is divided in snails: First, the individual's motivation to preferentially donate rather than receive sperm (or vice versa) leads to flexible behavioral performance, and thereby investment, of either sex. Second, due to the presence of both sexual roles within the same individual, partners are potentially able to influence investment in both sexual functions of their partner to their own benefit. The latter has already led to novel insights into how accessory gland products may evolve. Moreover, the current evidence points towards different ways in which allocation to reproduction can be changed in simultaneous hermaphrodites. These often differ from the separate‐sexed situation, highlighting that comparison across different sexual systems may help identify commonalities and differences in physiological, and molecular mechanisms as well as evolutionary patterns. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 84: 132–143, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gravitational Waves Detected with Help from High‐Purity Quartz Glass
Authors: Takke Ralf , Rollmann Klaus , Wetterau Jörg 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA super‐high‐tech material made of quartz glass for gravitational wave detectors contributed to the proof of Einstein's general theory of relativity. In February 2016, experts from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational‐Wave Observatory LIGO Scientific Collaboration in the United States announced their sensational detection of gravitational waves, a discovery sure to be the basis for a Nobel Prize. The researchers struck gold with the help of a pair of enormous L‐shaped antennas, one in Livingston, Louisiana, the other in Hanford, Washington.The scientists detected a faint ripple in space‐time and recorded signals caused by the merger of two black holes. The discovery was made by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration which includes the German‐British GEO Collaboration, the Australian Consortium for Interferometric Gravitational Astronomy and the Virgo Collaboration of Italy, France and others, using data from the two LIGO gravitational wave detectors.
Patients with oesophageal cancer report elevated distress and problems yet do not have an explicit wish for referral prior to receiving their medical treatment plan
Authors: Jacobs M. , Anderegg M. C. J , Schoorlemmer A. , Nieboer D. , Steyerberg E. W. , Smets E. M. A. , Sprangers M. A. G. , van Berge Henegouwen M. I. , de Haes J. C. J. M. , Klinkenbijl J. H. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to identify patients with oesophageal cancer's level of distress, type of problems, and wish for referral prior to treatment. To identify the clinical relevance of patients with oesophageal cancer's level of distress and type of problems, we build models to predict elevated distress, wish for referral, and overall survival.MethodsWe implemented the Distress Thermometer and Problem List in daily clinical practice. A score of ≥5 on the Distress Thermometer reflected elevated distress. We first created an initial model including predictors based on the literature. We then added predictors to the initial model to create an extended model based on the sample data. We used the ‘least absolute shrinkage and selection operator’ to define our final model.ResultsWe obtained data from 187 patients (47.9%, of 390 eligible patients with oesophageal cancer) which were similar to non‐respondents in their demographic and clinical characteristics. One‐hundred thirteen (60%) patients reported elevated distress. The five most frequently reported problems were as follows: eating, tension, weight change, fatigue, and pain. Most patients did not have a wish for referral. Predictors for elevated distress were as follows: being female, total number of practical, emotional, and physical problems, pain, and fatigue. For referral, we identified age, the total number of emotional problems, the level of distress, and fear. The level of distress added prognostic information in a model to predict overall survival.ConclusionsPatients with oesophageal cancer report elevated distress and a myriad of problems yet do not have an explicit wish for referral prior to receiving their medical treatment plan. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fear of cancer recurrence: a theoretical review and its relevance for clinical presentation and management
Authors: Simonelli Laura E. , Siegel Scott D. , Duffy Nicole M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundThere is increasing recognition of the unique physical and psychosocial concerns of the growing population of cancer survivors. An emerging literature demonstrates that fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a problematic long‐term and late effect for cancer survivors. In fact, FCR is a top concern, and this article provides a necessary synthesis of the extant research evidence and theory.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted using databases including MEDLINE and PsychINFO using specified search terms including ‘fear of recurrence’ and ‘worry about recurrence’. A comprehensive narrative review summarizes early empirical findings on FCR including current definitions, assessment tools, clinical presentations, quality of life impact, prevalence, trajectory and risk factors. This paper also critically reviews the relevant theoretical frameworks to best understand these findings and considers multiple psychosocial treatment models that may have relevance for addressing FCR in the clinical setting.ResultsThere is evidence of substantial prevalence and quality of life impact of FCR. Several theories (e.g. self‐regulation model of illness, a family‐based model, uncertainty in illness theory, social‐cognitive processing theory, terror management theory) directly or indirectly help conceptualize FCR and inform potential treatment options for those with clinically significant distress or impairment resulting from FCR.ConclusionsFurther investigation into FCR is warranted to promote evidence‐based care for this significant cancer survivorship concern.
People with dementia: what is known about their experience of cancer treatment and cancer treatment outcomes? A systematic review
Authors: Hopkinson J. B. , Milton R. , King A. , Edwards D. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study is to report a systematic review of what is currently known about the experience of cancer treatment and cancer treatment in adults with dementia.MethodsThe analytic plan and inclusion/exclusion criteria were specified in advance of the search process in a protocol.Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library for publications about people with cancer and a pre‐existing dementia. Limits were English language; 2000 to 12/2015; adults; >18 years old.The search identified 5214 titles and abstracts that were assessed against eligibility criteria and 101 were selected for full‐text examination by two researchers who agreed inclusion of nine papers, extracted data independently then conducted a content analysis and narrative synthesis.ResultsNine studies conducted in four resource rich countries were included in the review. These studies evidence that when compared with other cancer patients, those with dementia are diagnosed at a later stage, receive less treatment, are more likely to experience complications from treatment and have poorer survival.The experience of supportive care and preferences of people with dementia receiving cancer services and cancer treatment have not been investigated. Research into how the cancer team manage the particular needs of people with dementia and their family members has been limited to one study that reported how a cancer team managed the particular needs of seven people with dementia.ConclusionFurther work is needed to establish practice guidelines for the management of cancer in people with dementia.Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression and oxidative modifications of plasma proteins in autism spectrum disorders: Interplay between inflammatory response and lipid peroxidation
Authors: Cortelazzo Alessio , De Felice Claudio , Guerranti Roberto , Signorini Cinzia , Leoncini Silvia , Zollo Gloria , Leoncini Roberto , Timperio Anna Maria , Zolla Lello , Ciccoli Lucia , Hayek Joussef 
Published: June 2016

PurposeA role for inflammation and oxidative stress is reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Here, we tested possible changes in expression and/or oxidative status for plasma proteins in subjects with ASDs.Experimental designTo evaluate protein expression and protein adducts of lipid peroxidation‐derived aldehyde, analysis of plasma proteins was performed in 30 subjects with ASDs and compared with 30 healthy controls with typical development, using a proteomic approach.ResultsSignificant changes were evidenced for a total of 12 proteins. Of these, ten were identified as proteins involved in the acute inflammatory response including alpha‐2‐macroglobulin, alpha‐1‐antitrypsin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, serum transferrin, prealbumin, apolipoprotein A‐I apolipoprotein A‐IV, apolipoprotein J, and serum albumin. In addition, significant changes occurred for two immunoglobulins alpha and gamma chains.Conclusions and clinical relevanceOur present data indicate that an inflammatory response, coupled with increased lipid peroxidation, is present in subjects with ASDs. This information can provide new insight into the identification of potential plasma protein biomarkers in autism.
Highly Skilled Migrants: Risks and Hedging Mechanisms
Authors: Bradatan Cristina 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper focuses on the specific issues of how highly skilled migrants encounter risks and the hedging mechanisms they employ when confronted with unfriendly policies or economic downturns in a host country. The paper also serves as an introduction to a special issue of Population, Space, and Place dedicated to understanding how highly skilled migration responded in different national contexts to the first great global economic recession of the 21st century. Although the individual papers do not necessarily employ a comparative perspective, these topics are explored in four different settings (UK, US, Israel, and Canada), allowing readers to see how the history and characteristics of the host country influence the issues facing skilled migrants Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Savouring and Self‐compassion as Protective Factors for Depression
Authors: Ford Justin , Klibert Jeffrey J. , Tarantino Nicholas , Lamis Dorian A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWithin positive psychology, researchers and clinicians vocalize the need to expand upon how the treatment for major depressive disorder is conceptualized and implemented. The impetus of the current study was to examine preliminary criteria for identifying savouring and self‐compassion as protective factors for depression. Undergraduate students (N = 133) completed a series of surveys at two points in time, 5 weeks apart. Results revealed that savouring and self‐compassion were inversely related to depression scores cross‐sectionally and prospectively. However, savouring was the only positive psychological variable to predict changes in depression scores across time. Cross‐sectionally, savouring was also found to moderate the relation between negative life events and depression, such that the strength of the relation between negative life events and depression decreased when higher savouring was present. However, this same effect was not significant prospectively. There was no evidence, cross‐sectionally or prospectively, that self‐compassion moderated the relation between negative life events and depression. Taken together, results provide preliminary support for savouring as a protective factor for depressive symptoms. Mental health professionals should consider teaching savouring strategies to help at‐risk clients stimulate and sustain positive affect as a means of preventing and reducing depressive symptoms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical study of crystal phase effect in heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Liu Jin‐Xun , Li Wei‐Xue 
Published: June 2016

Density functional theory (DFT) is a powerful tool to study heterogeneous catalysis nowadays. In past decades, numerous DFT calculations have been conducted to investigate the mechanism of catalytic reaction from which the rationale of catalyst design can be revealed. Because the catalyst electronic and geometric structures determine the intrinsic activity, corresponding composition, size, and morphology have been explored extensively to tune the structure–activity relationship for higher activity and selectivity. In this review, we focus on the recent theoretical progress of the crystal phase effect on catalysis. Catalysts with different crystal phases have different symmetries, and could expose very different facets with distinct electronic and geometrical properties, which would have significant influential on the activity and selectivity of the active sites as well as the site density. Exploration of the dependence of catalysis on the crystal phases provides a new rationale of catalysts design toward a high‐specific activity. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2016, 6:571–583. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1267This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis
Equivariant Maps from Stiefel Bundles to Vector Bundles
Authors: Singh Mahender 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLet E → B be a fibre bundle and let Eʹ → B be a vector bundle. Let G be a compact Lie group acting fibre preservingly and freely on both E and Eʹ – 0, where 0 is the zero section of Eʹ → B. Let f : E → Eʹ be a fibre-preserving G-equivariant map and let Zf = {x ∈ E | f(x) = 0} be the zero set of f. In this paper we give a lower bound for the cohomological dimension of the zero set Zf when a fibre of E → B is a real Stiefel manifold with a free ℤ/2-action or a complex Stiefel manifold with a free 𝕊1-action. This generalizes a well-known result of Dold for sphere bundles equipped with free involutions.
Photoperiod sensitivity affects flowering duration in wheat
Authors: JONES H. E. , LUKAC M. , BRAK B. , MARTINEZ-EIXARCH M. , ALHOMEDHI A. , GOODING M. J. , WINGEN L. U. , GRIFFITHS S. 
Published: June 2016

SUMMARYFlowering and successful pollination in wheat are key determinants of both quantity and quality of grain. Bread wheat line ‘Paragon’, introgressed with single or multiple daylength insensitivity alleles was used to dissect the effects on the timing and duration of flowering within a hierarchical plant architecture. Flowering of wheat plants was observed in a series of pot-based and field experiments. Ppd-D1a was the most potent known allele affecting the timing of flowering, requiring the least thermal time to flowering across all experiments. The duration of flowering for individual lines was dominated by the shift in the start of flowering in later tillers and the number of tillers per plant, rather than variation in flowering duration of individual spikes. There was a strong relationship between flowering duration and the start of flowering with the earliest lines flowering for the longest. The greatest flowering overlap between tillers was recorded for the Ppd-1b. Across all lines, a warmer environment significantly reduced the duration of flowering and the influence of Ppd-1a alleles on the start of flowering. These findings provide evidence of pleiotropic effects of the Ppd-1a alleles, and have direct implications for breeding for increased stress resilient wheat varieties.
Neural architecture of the “transient” ON directionally selective (class IIb1) ganglion cells in rabbit retina, partly co-stratified with starburst amacrine cells
Authors: FAMIGLIETTI EDWARD V. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRecent physiological studies coupled with intracellular staining have subdivided ON directionally selective (DS) ganglion cells of rabbit retina into two types. One exhibits more “transient” and more “brisk” responses (ON DS-t), and the other has more “sustained’ and more “sluggish” responses (ON DS-s), although both represent the same three preferred directions and show preference for low stimulus velocity, as reported in previous studies of ON DS ganglion cells in rabbit retina. ON DS-s cells have the morphology of ganglion cells previously shown to project to the medial terminal nucleus (MTN) of the accessory optic system, and the MTN-projecting, class IVus1 cells have been well-characterized previously in terms of their dendritic morphology, branching pattern, and stratification. ON DS-t ganglion cells have a distinctly different morphology and exhibit heterotypic coupling to amacrine cells, including axon-bearing amacrine cells, with accompanying synchronous firing, while ON DS-s cells are not coupled. The present study shows that ON DS-t cells are morphologically identical to the previously well-characterized, “orphan” class IIb1 ganglion cell, previously regarded as a member of the “brisk-concentric” category of ganglion cells. Its branching pattern, quantitatively analyzed, is similar to that of the morphological counterparts of X and Y cells, and very different from that of the ON DS-s ganglion cell. Close analysis of the dendritic stratification of class IIb1 ganglion cells together with fiducial cells indicates that they differ from that of the ON DS-s cells. In agreement with one of the three previous studies, class IIb1/ON DS-t cells, unlike class IVus1/ON DS-s ganglion cells, in the main do not co-stratify with starburst amacrine cells. As the present study shows, however, portions of their dendrites do deviate from the main substratum, coming within range of starburst boutons. Parsimony favors DS input from starburst amacrine cells both to ON DS-s and to ON DS-t ganglion cells, given the similarity of their DS responses, but further studies will be required to substantiate the origin of the DS responses of ON DS-t cells. Previously reported OFF DS responses in ON DS-t cells, unmasked by pharmacological agents, and mediated by gap junctions with amacrine cells, suggests an unusual trans-sublaminar organization of directional selectivity in the inner plexiform layer, connecting sublamina a and sublamina b.