bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of New Holland CR9080 Operation
Authors: Bieniek Jerzy , Żarek Łukasz , Romański Leszek , Komarnicki Piotr , Kobel Przemysław 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The paper evaluates operation of the separation unit of NH CR9080 combine harvester. A considerable technical and technological progress has taken place in presently used harvesters. Among others, efficiency increased and equipment has been enhanced with elements which improve the operation quality. The objective of the paper was to determine the quality of the separating unit of a combine harvester New Holland CR9080. During the research, losses on screens and rotor, cutting height of rapeseed, mowing speed, rotation of fans, rotors and engine were determined. Relation of losses on screens to combine operation parameters was determined with a model of multiple regressions. The rotational speed of rotors, mowing speed and rotational speed of the combine engine have a significant effect on losses on screens at the rapeseed harvesting with the investigated combine.
Impact of Plate Diameter and Sample Height on the Determined Pre-Compaction Value
Authors: Błażejczak Dariusz , Dawidowski Jan B. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The objective of the paper was to verify previously obtained results of research on the impact of the plate diameter on the determined value of pre-compaction stress of soil (NG) with a wider selection of dimensions of samples. Tests were carried out on samples with a diameter (D) of 100 mm and heights (H) of 30, 50 or 100 mm produced from the soil material (M) or collected (NNS) from subsoil with the granulation group of: silt loam, loam, sandy loam, sandy clay loam. The following soil properties were determined: granulation type, density of the solid phase, content of humus and calcium carbonate, reaction, plastic and liquid limit. Properties of samples were described with moisture, dry density of solid particles, porosity of aeration, degree of plasticity and saturation. Samples were loaded with plates of varied diameters. The NG value was calculated with the method of searching for the crossing point of tangents with the secondary stress curve and the virgin stresses curve (a traditional method). It was stated that the plate diameter (d) and sample height (H) do not influence the measurement results when the relation d/D is within 0.5 ≤ d/D ≤ 0.8 and the ratio D/H equals 2. It is possible to omit the condition d/D in a situation when soil is low cohesive and its degree of moisture is ca. 0.41-0.44.
Analysis of Technical Equipment in Dairy Farms
Authors: Borusiewicz Andrzej 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe paper analyses technical equipment of the selected dairy farms. Data from questionnaires carried out in 96 farms in 2015 constituted a research material. Municipalities Lszewo-Borki in Mazowieckie Voivodeship were covered by the survey. A survey questionnaire, which consisted of two parts, was a research instrument. The first concerned general information on a farm and its owner, and the other consisted of eight questions on technical equipment used for breeding dairy cows. The research allowed to determine that farmers assessed the condition of their machinery park as average (50%) or good (40%). One out of ten farmers claimed that the used machinery park in a farm is in a bad condition. Majority of respondents have allotted from PLN 20 to 50 thousand for investments related to enhancement of a machinery park within the last 5 years. On the other hand, a considerable part of farms allotted up to PLN 20 thousand for development of a machinery park. The investigated group included also farms, which allotted more than PLN 500 thousand for development of a park.
Efficiency of Pay for Performance Programs in Romanian Companies and the Mediating Role of Organizational Justice
Authors: Uriesi Sebastian 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe present research examined the influences of pay for performance programs on employee performance in the Romanian context, by comparing a sample of employees in companies in which such programs are implemented to a sample of employees in organizations in which performance is not used as a criterion in deciding financial rewards. Results show that the work performances of the former, as evaluated by the direct supervisors of each employee, are significantly higher than those of the latter, and that this effect of performance pay is partly mediated by its positive effects on employee perceptions of distributive and procedural justice. Furthermore, results indicate that the individual - level financial incentive systems are more efficient in fostering work performance than the team - level performance pay programs in the Romanian employee sample, and that they also have stronger effects on the two dimensions of organizational justice.
Trade Credit Insurance and Asymmetric Information Problem
Authors: Sokolovska Olena 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe presence of different risk factors in international trade gives evidence of the necessity of support in gaps that may affect exporters’ activity. To maximize the trade volumes and in the same time to minimize the exporters’ risks the stakeholders use trade credit insurance. The paper provides analysis of conceptual background of the trade credit insurance in the world. We analyzed briefly the problems, arising in insurance markets due to asymmetric information, such as adverse selection and moral hazard. Also we discuss the main stages of development of trade credit insurance in countries worldwide. Using comparative and graphical analysis we provide a brief evaluation of the dynamics of claims and recoveries for different forms of trade credit insurance. We found that the claims related to the commercial risk for medium and long trade credits in recent years exceed the recoveries, while with the political risk the reverse trend holds. And we originally consider these findings in terms of information asymmetry in the trade credit insurance differentiated by type of risk.
Verification of Strength of the Welded Joints by using of the Aramis Video System
Authors: Pała Tadeusz , Dzioba Ihor , Gałkiewicz Jarosław 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn the paper are presented the results of strength analysis for the two types of the welded joints made according to conventional and laser technologies of high-strength steel S960QC. The hardness distributions, tensile properties and fracture toughness were determined for the weld material and heat affect zone material for both types of the welded joints. Tests results shown on advantage the laser welded joints in comparison to the convention ones. Tensile properties and fracture toughness in all areas of the laser joints have a higher level than in the conventional one. The heat affect zone of the conventional welded joints is a weakness area, where the tensile properties are lower in comparison to the base material. Verification of the tensile tests, which carried out by using the Aramis video system, confirmed this assumption. The highest level of strains was observed in HAZ material and the destruction process occurred also in HAZ of the conventional welded joint.
The Stability of a Steel Welded Girder with Bending and Shear Forces Included
Authors: Sygulski Ryszard , Guminiak Michał , Polus Łukasz 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The stability of the element of a steel welded girder subjected to bending and shear forces is considered. The considered element is a rectangular plate supported on boundary. The type of a plate boundary conditions depend on the types (thickness) of the stiffeners. Considered plate is loaded by in-plane forces causing bending and shear effects. The Finite Element Method was applied to carry out the analysis. Additionally the Boundary Element Method in terms of boundary-domain integral equation was applied to evaluate the critical shear loading.
Causes of the cracks in the pipeline made of the 15HM steel
Authors: Słania J. , Krawczyk R. , Gątarek M. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Issues referring to cracks in the pipelines made of the 15HM steel are described. Metallographic specimen of welded joints are provided. The results of impact strength tests, hardness tests and static tensile tests are given. Tests results as well as direct and indirect causes of the pipeline cracks are shown.
Comparative Studies on the Wear of ADI Alloy Cast Irons as Well as Selected Steels and Surface-Hardened Alloy Cast Steels in the Presence of Abrasive
Authors: Wieczorek A. N. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe paper presents the results of wear tests obtained for 4 groups of materials: surface-hardened alloy steels and alloy cast steels for structural applications, hard-wearing surface-hardened alloy cast steels, and austempered alloy cast irons. The wear tests have been performed on a specially designed test rig that allows reproducing the real operating conditions of chain wheels, including the rolling and sliding form of contact between elements. The chain wheels subjected to tests were operated with the use of loose quartz abrasive. This study presents results of measurements of material parameters, micro-structure of a surface subject to wear, as well as the linear wear determined for the materials considered. Based on the results, the following was found: the best wear properties were obtained for surface-hardened alloy steels and wear surface; strengthening of the ADI surface took place - most probably as a result of transformation of austenite into martensite; the uniformity of the structure of the materials affects the surface wear process. The study also indicated a significant degree of graphite deformation in ADI characterized by the upper ausferritic structure and its oblique orientation in relation to the surface, which resulted in a facilitated degradation of the surface caused by the quartz abrasive.
Effect of structural relaxations within the amorphous structure on the magnetic properties of amorphous tapes from FeCoB family
Authors: Szota M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe paper presents the research results for the Fe78Co2Si9B11amorphous alloy, and after the process of annealing resulting only in the relaxation of the material. The structure relaxations occurring in the volume of test samples lead to the changes in their magnetic and mechanic properties. Therefore the studies on the effect of the structure defects on the properties of these type of materials are important. Understanding the processes occurring during the magnetizing of amorphous alloys can be helpful in the design of modern functional materials for special purposes. The main purpose of this elaboration was to determine the effect of the amorphous structure defects in the state after solidification and after heat treatment on the changes in the magnetizing process and in such parameters as the saturation magnetization and the coercivity field.
Effect of hot isostatic pressing on the microstructure of turbine blade airfoil made of nickel-base superalloy
Authors: Chmiela B. , Kościelniak B. , Cwajna J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Turbine blades are flight safety parts in the jet engine. Therefore they should be characterized by very good mechanical properties, especially high creep resistance and fatigue strength at high temperature. The mechanical properties of blades made of nickel-based superalloys depend on the microstructure of the casting and its porosity [1,2].
The aim of this paper is evaluation of effect of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on microstructure of blade airfoil made of IN713C superalloy in four important zones: (i) leading edge, (ii) trailing edge, (iii) suction side and (iv) pressure side. HIP treatment was carried out proving some significant microstructural changes. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis reveals some structural changes what may facilitate diffusion processes leading to simplify of a heat treatment (solution treatment and aging).
Elasticity of cores manufactured in cold box technology
Authors: Dobosz St. M. , Grabarczyk A. , Major-Gabryś K. , Bolibruchova D. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In the foundry industry, as in many other fields we seek to achieve the best quality with the least losses and the lowest cost. To meet these demands numerous plants increased automatization of their manufacturing processes. However, with changes in the production process it is necessary to change also the materials used. Not only casting alloys that are used in production, but also applied moulding and core sands are important. Proper selection and evaluation of the properties of used moulding mixtures is crucial in order to achieve a highly efficient production. In this article a new issue concerning the use of flexibility in foundry molding and core was mentioned. It explains the principles of measurement and interpretation of the obtained results for the cold-box moulding sands.
Effect of Remelting of the Ni-22Cr-9Mo Alloy on its Microstructural and Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Augustyn-Nadzieja J. , Łukaszczyk A. , Loch J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Ni-Cr-Mo alloys are used as the alternative for the cobalt alloys in the manufacture of metal prosthetic elements, i.e. crowns, bridges and frame prostheses. The article attempts at a materials science characterization of the nickel-based alloy of the commercial name Argeloy N.P Be-Free by Argen. Within the study, examinations were made on the commercial alloy as well as the alloy which was remelted and cast by the los mould (lost wax) method. Observations of the microstructure were performed with the use of optical and electron scanning microscopy. Also, X-ray structural tests were conducted as well as corrosion resistance tests in an artificial saliva solution (pH = 6,7). It was demonstrated that the examined Ni-22Cr-9Mo alloy characterized in a dendritic structure typical of the cast materials. The X-ray qualitative phase analysis revealed the phase γ'(Ni) in both examined materials, as well as the presence of Cr23C6type carbides and Nb2C, Ta2C (commercial alloy) and NbC, Ta4C0,04(cast alloy) phases. The effect of the alloy’s remelting and the morphology of the passive layer on the corrosion resistance of the Ni-Cr-Mo alloy was examined.The results of the electrochemical tests show that the process of re-casting only slightly affects the corrosion resistance and the microstructure of the considered alloy.The roles of recasting process and the passive film homogeneity on the corrosion resistance of Ni-Cr-Mo dental alloy were reviewed. The results the electrochemical study show that the dependence of corrosion resistance on the microstructure associated with the recasting process is marginal.
Upon the Haskell support for the web applications development
Authors: Vasilescu Anca 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Some of the most challenging directions in recent theoretical and practical research concern both the web science and the web applications development. Any alive science and any alive programming language should increase its connection with the web domain. Apart from general advantages provided by the functional language programming Haskell, its specific support for the web applications design and implementation is highlighted in this paper. It is also our target to reveal here some mathematical grounds of the web as a modern and very young science.
Appropriate examples will be selected from our students’ functional web applications. So, the web ecosystem and particularly those characteristics which are relevant for guiding our students to choose Haskell for developing performant maths-based web solutions are pointed out. All the mathematical evaluations involved in this approach are Haskell based.
Regions – between History and Social Construction
Authors: Bakk Miklós 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe study aims to give a comprehensive explanation on how regional construction took place in the European history related to the state-building processes and how the historical heritage of the European state-construction influences today the social construction of the regions. With regard to the state-building processes, the study started from Hechter’s model of ‘primary’ and ‘secondary’ state and his interpretation on the relationship between core regions and peripheries. This model operates with the centralizing power of the state, but from the last decades of the 20thcentury it was proved via the ‘new regionalism’ that social construction processes became more relevant in shaping new subnational regions. This last aspect is described by Paasi, and the study argues for a new concept of regional identity as a territorial ‘product’ of interacting governance and local society.
The Rise of Direct Democracy in Croatia: Balancing or Challenging Parliamentary Representation?
Authors: Butković Hrvoje 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In 2010 the Croatian Constitution was changed to lower the requirements for the implementation of direct democracy at the national level, in order to save the referendum on Croatia’s EU membership from possible failure. Since then, Croatia has witnessed a sharp increase in people’s initiatives that have managed to block a number of the government’s reform proposals. Therefore, the newly discovered appeal of direct democracy in Croatia has created a new environment for the operation of its representative democracy. Starting from theoretical notions, this paper analyses the practice of direct democracy in selected transitional countries, which could be instructive for Croatia. In its central part, the paper explores the obstacles that stand in the way of the efficient implementation of direct democracy in Croatia.
First assessment of age and sex structures of elephants by using dung size analysis in a West African savannah
Authors: Hema Emmanuel M. , Di Vittorio Massimiliano , Petrozzi Fabio , Luiselli Luca , Guenda Wendengoudi 
Published: April 2017

Abstract1. An age and sex structure study of the West African savannah elephant (Loxodonta africana africana) population of the Nazinga Game ranch (Burkina Faso) was carried out using direct sightings of individuals near water points, where they group during hot periods of the day, and droppings circumference measurements of dung pile along line transects, during the dry seasons of 2007 and 2008. The age structure, from direct observation data, was estimated by classifying the individuals into 9 age-class-categories based on body size and eruption (length) of tusks.2. The frequency distribution of number of individuals into the age-class-categories showed high similarity with the distribution of circumference measurements of dung-piles that the individuals were seen depositing. Fifty dung-piles measured soon after they were deposited (Class A) and after they dried (to class C) showed a significant difference between the circumference measurements in relation to the time elapsed between the measurements.3. The frequency distribution of dung circumference classes of the observed elephants was similar to that of the dung-piles measured along the transects in 2008. Therefore, dung-piles measurements were used to estimate the Nazinga Game Ranch savanna elephant population’s age and sex structures at the end of dry seasons of 2007 and 2008. We advocated that the Nazinga elephant population consisted mainly of sub-adults.4. The sex ratio was estimated to be in favour of females (1/2). The age-class-specific sex ratio was uneven for calves and young individuals, while being in favour of females with adults. Individuals of less than 1 year represented 6% of the population during the study period.
A minimum indicator set for assessing fontanili (lowland springs) of the Lombardy Region in Italy
Authors: Fumagalli Natalia , Senes Giulio , Ferrario Paolo Stefano , Toccolini Alessandro 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This paper reports on the issue of fontanili assessment. A fontanile is a lowland spring, excavated by humans for the use of underground water for irrigation. From the XII century on, fontanili have been dug to extend water availability throughout the year and increase agricultural land use in the lowlands of Northern Italy. Because water of the fontanile stays at temperature without great changes throughout the year (between 8 and 15°C), this environment is host to a vast variety of flora and fauna and has ecological and landscaping value. Because these springs are typical and unique landscape features of Northern Italy, there is not an international background on assessing methods of fontanili functions inside the countryside. The first goal has been to define a set of simple and consolidated indicators to evaluate watering, ecological and recreational function of 1160 fontanili of the Lombardy Region. The second one has been to identify homogenous areas with groups of fontanili in close proximity and with similar indicator values using interpolation tools. This classification can be used by Regional Administration to assign money to recover and maintain fontanili. The most important areas will be protected by regional and local planning instruments.
A Spatial and Temporal analysis of Labour Market Characteristics
Authors: Pośpiech Ewa , Mastalerz-Kodzis Adrianna 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The use of spatial methods is becoming increasingly common in social and economic research as it emphasizes the relevance of spatiality to the understanding of socio-economic facts. Once embraced, the spatial factor can substantially help explain variations in the properties being examined, thus improving the quality of their description and supporting the development of econometric models. This paper explores some of the characteristics of Poland’s job market, making an inquiry into their spatial dependencies. The study looks at the country’s labour market from a local perspective, examining its properties for spatial autocorrelation (both global and local). Linear econometric models are subsequently built for such variables as the number of persons in employment, the number of women and men in employment. The models are further investigated to assess the applicability of spatial modelling in their development.
Integrated Model of Demand for Telephone Services in Terms of Microeconometrics
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Paweł 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The paper presents the results of the testing effectiveness of the integrated model in the short-term forecasting of demand for telephone services in 24-hour cycles. The linear regression model with dichotomous (binary) independent variables was integrated with the feed forward neural network. The regression model was used as a filter of modelled variability of the demand. The neural network was used to model residual variability. The research shows that the integrated model has a higher possibility of approximation and prediction in comparison to the non-integrated linear regression model. The research study was based on data provided by the selected telecommunications network operator. The range of empirical material consisted of hourly counted seconds of outgoing calls and generated by network subscribers in various analytical sections.