bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Effect of Earnings per Share on Equity Prices at Commercial Banks in Nepal
Authors: Rajesh Gurung  , Paritosh Subedi  
Published: September 2024

The study aimed to investigate the relationships between market price per share (MPS) and its determinants—earnings per share (EPS), dividends per share (DPS), book value per share (BVPS), price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio, and total assets (TA)—in commercial banks in Nepal. The methodology is employed the stepwise regression analysis, the study examined data from 16 out of 19 listed commercial banks on the NEPSE, covering cross-sectional period from 2007 to 2023, with 171 yearly observations. The analysis revealed that EPS is undoubtedly an important variable, in addition to BVPS and the P/E ratio, to explain the MPS of commercial banks. Conversely, DPS and TA were found to have no significant effects on MPS. The study findings have far-reaching implications for Nepal's economic sector, including bank financial health, investor behavior, market efficiency, and overall economic growth. Banks may improve their performance and support to contribute to a stable and prosperous economy by emphasizing on important financial parameters.
Work-related neck pain and its association with postural and ergonomic factors among Pakistani professional drivers
Authors: Tariq Tayyaba , Kashif Muhammad , Ayaz Jahanara , Ijaz Muhammad Muneeb , Javed Ayesha , Adeel Arshad Muhammad , Ghaffar Tamjeed 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Professional drivers are most likely to experience work-related neck pain due to awkward sitting positions for extended periods of time. Globally, millions of people depend on drivers who dedicate their lives to the craft. However, there is a paucity of data available on professional drivers suffering from neck pain or other musculoskeletal pain in Pakistan. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of neck pain and its association with postural and ergonomic factors among Pakistani professional drivers. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January to June 2022 among 369 professional drivers located in Faisalabad, Pakistan. The data were collected by using a questionnaire comprising different sections, including personal, postural and ergonomic factors among drivers. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25 was used for data entry and analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 40.83±9.27 years. Among the 369 participants, 129 reported neck pain. The period and point prevalence of neck pain were 35% (n = 129) and 31% (n = 115), respectively. Professional drivers reported a significant association between habitual forward posture and head–neck posture (p = 0.000) and between habitual forward posture and trunk posture (p = 0.000) with neck pain. In addition, ergonomics training (p = 0.002), ergonomics awareness (p = 0.002), and mobile use while driving (p = 0.000) were significantly associated with neck pain. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that drivers have greater period prevalence of neck pain than point prevalence. Moreover, this study revealed that age, BMI, lifestyle, health status, medication use, and smoking habits were associated with neck pain in drivers. Drivers who had ergonomic training and awareness were significantly less likely to suffer from lower neck pain. Drivers with a habitual forward posture are more likely to suffer from neck pain than are drivers with a prone posture.
The Determinants of Shariah Banks’ Capital Structure
Authors: Rehan Raja , Khan Muhammad Asghar , Fu Guo Hong , Sa’ad Auwal Adam , Irshad Auroob 
Published: September 2024

This study is an endeavor to identify key significant determinants of capital structure for Shariah-tagged banks. A total of 47 Shariah banks' nine years i.e. from 2013 to 2021 Balance Panel Data is used. The leverage ratio is nominated as a dependent variable, whereas, liquidity, return on assets, gross domestic product, return on equity, tangibility, growth, size, and capital adequacy ratio are designated as explanatory variables. The Panel Data Static model and Dynamic model via the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) are executed. The results specify that liquidity, gross domestic product, tangibility, lagged dependent variable, and profitability i.e. measured by return on equity are positively significant determinants. Besides, the significant lagged variable, tangibility, liquidity, and existence of SOA infer the significance of the Dynamic Trade-off theory. Based on the identified significant determinants, the policymakers can develop similar policies to formulate the capital structure of whole Shariah banks.
الدافعية الذاتية الاكاديمية والتكامل النفسي وعلاقتهما بأداء بعض المهارات كرة القدم للصالات لدى
Authors: Prof. Dr. Yassin Alwan Ismail Al-Tamimi  
Published: September 2024

لابد من دراسة سلوك الطلبة في أثناء سعيهم في تحقيق طموحاتهم عند ممارستهم لاختصاصاتهم الرياضية متمثلة بمصادرها الأساسية ضمن إحدى مكونات الشخصية في الدافعية الذاتية والتكامل النفسي وما يرافق ذلك من أفعال مصاحبة عند ممارسة الألعاب الرياضية وكرة القدم للطلاب تعد واحداً من الألعاب الرياضية التي تدرس ضمن مناهج كليات التربية الرياضية التي تتمتع بمهارات وحركات عديدة ونظراً لما تتطلبه هذه اللعبة من مستوى عالٍ بأداء المهارات وزيادة استثمار الجهد المبذول ووقت التعلم الفعلي الأكاديمي الذي تكون فيه الطالبة منشغلة بمحتوى الدرس بمستوى ملائم لقدرتها لتحقيق مستوى أداء بعض المهارات مع محاولة لتصحيح الأخطاء التي ترافق عملية التعلم. لذا هدف البحث الى: -

اعداد مقياس الدافعية الذاتية الأكاديمية وبناء مقياس التكامل النفسي لدى طالبات كليات التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة – جامعات الفرات الأوسط
التعرف على العلاقة الارتباطية ما بين الدافعية الذاتية الاكاديمية والتكامل النفسي بأداء بعض مهارات كرة القدم للصالات لدى الطالبات

استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المسحي والعلاقات الارتباطية لملاءمته وطبيعة الدراسة أذ شملت عينة البحث على طالبات المرحلة الأولى والثالثة والرابعة في كليات التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة جامعات (بابل، كربلاء، الكوفة، القادسية، المثنى) والبالغ عددهن (109) طالب كما استعان الباحث بالإجراءات الخاصة في اعداد وبناء مقياسي (الدافعية الذاتية وبناء كمقياس التكامل النفسي)، واظهرت النتائج البحثية :

ظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباط معنوية الدالة بين الدافعية الذاتية الاكاديمية والتكامل المقاييس.
Reduction of hyperglycemia in STZ-induced diabetic mice by prophylactic treatment with heat-killed Mycobacterium aurum: possible effects on glucose utilization, mitochondrial uncoupling, and oxidative stress in liver and skeletal muscle
Authors: Abdallah Farid , Bazzi Samer , Akle Charles , Bahr Georges M. , Echtay Karim S. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn addition to conventional treatment and modifications in physical activity and diet, alternative strategies have been investigated to manage, prevent, or delay diabetes in humans. In this regard, one strategy has relied on the immunomodulatory properties of mycobacteria, whereby Bacillus Calmette–Guerin, an attenuated live strain of Mycobacterium bovis, has been shown to improve glycemic control in patients with diabetes and to alleviate hyperglycemia in selected murine models of diabetes. A novel heat-killed (HK) whole-cell preparation of Mycobacterium aurum (M. aurum) is currently under development as a potential food supplement; nevertheless, its potential bioactivity remains largely unknown. Thus, the present study investigated the potential prophylactic anti-diabetic effects of HK M. aurum in streptozotocin (STZ)–induced diabetic mice.MethodsMice were divided into three groups: the STZ-induced diabetic group was injected with a single intraperitoneal high dose of STZ, the HK M. aurum–treated diabetic group was prophylactically treated with three doses of HK M. aurum 6 weeks before STZ injection, and the control non-diabetic group was given three intradermal injections of borate-buffered saline and an intraperitoneal injection of citrate buffer. Liver lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and skeletal muscle LDH, UCP3, and GLUT4 protein expression levels in different mouse groups were determined by Western blot.ResultsOur results indicated that HK M. aurum did not cause any significant changes in glycemic levels of normal non-diabetic mice. Prophylactic administration of three doses of HK M. aurum to diabetic mice resulted in a significant reduction in their blood glucose levels when compared to those in control diabetic mice. Prophylactic treatment of diabetic mice with HK M. aurum significantly restored their disturbed protein expression levels of liver UCP2 and LDH as well as of skeletal muscle UCP3. On the other hand, prophylactic treatment of diabetic mice with HK M. aurum had no significant effect on their liver GLUT2 and skeletal muscle GLUT4 and LDH protein expression levels.ConclusionsOur findings provide the first evidence that HK M. aurum possesses a hyperglycemia-lowering capacity and might support its future use as a food supplement for the amelioration of diabetes.
The association of triglyceride-glucose index and combined obesity indicators with chest pain and risk of cardiovascular disease in American population with pre-diabetes or diabetes
Authors: Zheng Dongze , Cai Jiamiao , Xu Sifan , Jiang Shiyan , Li Chenlin , Wang Bin 
Published: September 2024

AimTo investigate the correlation of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its combined obesity indicators with chest pain and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the pre-diabetes and diabetes population.MethodsThis cross-sectional investigation encompassed 6488 participants with diabetes and pre-diabetes who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007 and 2016. The association of the TyG and combined obesity index with chest pain and CVD was investigated using weighted logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to compare different indicators.ResultsIn multivariate logistic regression fully adjusted for confounding variables, our analyses revealed significant associations between TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR and chest pain, with adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 1.21 (1.05, 1.39), 1.06 (1.01, 1.11), 1.08 (1.04, 1.14), and 1.27 (1.08, 1.48), respectively. For total-CVD, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 1.32 (1.08, 1.61), 1.10 (1.03, 1.17), 1.13 (1.06, 1.19), and 1.63 (1.35, 1.97), respectively, among which TyG, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR present curvilinear associations in RCS analysis (all P-nonlinear &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the ROC curve showed that TyG-WC had the most robust predictive efficacy for total-CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and myocardial infarction (MI), while TyG-WHtR had the best predictive ability for angina and heart failure.ConclusionThere are significant associations of TyG and its related indicators with chest pain and total-CVD among the pathoglycemia population. TyG-WC and TyG-WHtR demonstrated superior predictive capability for the incidence of cardiovascular events.
A real-world study of hereditary angioedema patients due to C1 inhibitor deficiency treated with danazol in the Brazilian Public Health System
Authors: Ritter Alessandra Mileni Versuti , Silva Suelen , de Paula Robson , Senra Juliana , Carvalho Fabio , Ribeiro Tatiane , Valle Solange Oliveira Rodrigues 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionHereditary angioedema (HAE) due to C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency is an ultra-rare autosomal dominant inherited disease that affects 1 in 67,000 people in the world. The attacks are based on subcutaneous and submucosal edema that can lead to death if not properly managed. Considering the lack of information on the clinical management of Brazilian patients with HAE, this study aimed to identify and characterize patients with HAE-C1-INH that used danazol prophylactic treatment in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) and the healthcare resource utilization (HCRU).MethodsThis was an observational retrospective database study with patients treated with danazol from January 2011 until December 2021 within the SUS. The HAE cohort included patients with 12 years or older with at least one record for ICD-10 D84.1, one claim for danazol record, and at least 6 months of available history in the database.ResultsOur study included 799 patients treated in the SUS, with a mean (SD) age at danazol initiation of 40 years (16). The number of patients with HAE showed a similar distribution over this 10-year period analyzed with the highest number of patients in 2015 (n = 509) and 2016 (n = 480). A total of 253 (32%) patients had a record of at least one attack. Of those, 45 (17.8%) had at least one procedure HAE-related hospital admission, and 128 (50.6%) had at least one HAE-related hospital admission. The mean (SD) hospitalization length of stay was 5 (8) days. Over 14% (n = 36) of HAE patients with attack (n = 253) had at least one HAE-related ICU admission.ConclusionThis database study is the strategy used to allow us to find and describe the characteristics of patients with HAE who use danazol for long-term prophylaxis in the SUS and identify HCRU outcomes of interest such as hospitalizations, inpatient, and outpatient settings. The high rate of attacks, hospitalizations, and general resource uses highlights the necessity to increase awareness of new strategies and accurate approaches to treat HAE patients. Therefore, our findings are important indicators that our health system and guidelines need to be revised and improved to properly diagnose, treat, and assist patients with HAE.
Predicting microbe–disease association based on graph autoencoder and inductive matrix completion with multi-similarities fusion
Authors: Shi Kai , Huang Kai , Li Lin , Liu Qiaohui , Zhang Yi , Zheng Huilin 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundClinical studies have demonstrated that microbes play a crucial role in human health and disease. The identification of microbe-disease interactions can provide insights into the pathogenesis and promote the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. Although a large number of computational methods are designed to screen novel microbe-disease associations, the accurate and efficient methods are still lacking due to data inconsistence, underutilization of prior information, and model performance.MethodsIn this study, we proposed an improved deep learning-based framework, named GIMMDA, to identify latent microbe-disease associations, which is based on graph autoencoder and inductive matrix completion. By co-training the information from microbe and disease space, the new representations of microbes and diseases are used to reconstruct microbe-disease association in the end-to-end framework. In particular, a similarity fusion strategy is conducted to improve prediction performance.ResultsThe experimental results show that the performance of GIMMDA is competitive with that of existing state-of-the-art methods on 3 datasets (i.e., HMDAD, Disbiome, and multiMDA). In particular, it performs best with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.9735, 0.9156, 0.9396 on abovementioned 3 datasets, respectively. And the result also confirms that different similarity fusions can improve the prediction performance. Furthermore, case studies on two diseases, i.e., asthma and obesity, validate the effectiveness and reliability of our proposed model.ConclusionThe proposed GIMMDA model show a strong capability in predicting microbe-disease associations. We expect that GPUDMDA will help identify potential microbe-related diseases in the future.
Impact of climate warming on soil microbial communities during the restoration of the inner Mongolian desert steppe
Authors: Qiao Jirong , Zheng Jiahua , Li Shaoyu , Zhang Feng , Zhang Bin , Zhao Mengli 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionGrazer exclosure is widely regarded as an effective measure for restoring degraded grasslands, having positive effects on soil microbial diversity. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that global surface temperatures will increase by 1.5–4.5°C by the end of the 21st century, which may affect restoration practices for degraded grasslands. This inevitability highlights the urgent need to study the effect of temperature on grassland soil microbial communities, given their critical ecological functions.MethodsHere, we assessed the effects of heavy grazing (control), grazer exclosure, and grazer exclosure plus warming by 1.5°C on soil microbial community diversity and network properties as well as their relationships to soil physicochemical properties.Results and discussionOur results showed that grazer closure increased soil microbial richness relative to heavy grazing controls. Specifically, bacterial richness increased by 7.9%, fungal richness increased by 20.2%, and the number of fungal network nodes and edges increased without altering network complexity and stability. By contrast, grazer exclosure plus warming decreased bacterial richness by 9.2% and network complexity by 12.4% compared to heavy grazing controls, while increasing fungal network complexity by 25.8%. Grazer exclosure without warming increased soil ammonium nitrogen content, while warming increased soil nitrate nitrogen content. Soil pH and organic carbon were not affected by either exclosure strategy, but nitrate nitrogen was the dominant soil factor explaining changes in bacterial communities.ConclusionOur findings show that grazer exclosure increases soil microbial diversity which are effective soil restoration measures for degraded desert steppe, but this effect is weakened under warming conditions. Thus, global climate change should be considered when formulating restoration measures for degraded grasslands.
Outdoor nighttime light exposure (light pollution) is associated with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Voigt Robin M. , Ouyang Bichun , Keshavarzian Ali 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD) prevalence has increased in the last century which can be attributed to increased lifespan, but environment is also important. Exposure to artificial light at night is one environmental factor that may influence AD.MethodsThis study evaluated the relationship between outdoor nighttime light exposure and AD prevalence in the United States using satellite acquired outdoor nighttime light intensity and Medicare data.ResultsHigher outdoor nighttime light was associated with higher prevalence of AD. While atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and stroke were associated more strongly with AD prevalence than nighttime light intensity, nighttime light was more strongly associated with AD prevalence than alcohol abuse, chronic kidney disease, depression, heart failure, and obesity. Startlingly, nighttime light exposure more strongly associated with AD prevalence in those under the age of 65 than any other disease factor examined.DiscussionThese data suggest light exposure at night may influence AD, but additional studies are needed.
[68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT in brain tumors: comparison with [18F]F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Liu Ya , Ding Haoyuan , Cao Jianpeng , Liu Guangfu , Chen Yue , Huang Zhanwen 
Published: September 2024

PurposeTo investigate the feasibility of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT in brain tumor imaging and to compare it with [18F]F-FDG PET/CT.Methods25 patients with MRI-suspected brain tumors were included in the study. They underwent whole body [18F]F-FDG PET/CT and [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT and brain scans. The target-to-background ratio (TBR) of brain tumors was calculated with the background of surrounding normal brain tissues uptake. The SUVmax and TBR of [18F]F-FDG PET/CT and [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT were compared. Additionally, the correlation between the uptake of the tracer by lesions with the greatest diameter of the lesion, the breadth of the oedema band, and the enhancement scores of the MRI enhancement scans was analyzed.Result[68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT was superior to [18F]F-FDG PET/CT for lesion detection, especially for brain metastases. Among gliomas, only high-grade gliomas uptake [68Ga]Ga-FAPI. Compared with [18F]F-FDG PET/CT, [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT had a lower SUVmax but a significantly better TBR. On [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT, the TBR may be associated with brain tumor blood-brain barrier disruption.Conclusions[68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT is a promising imaging tool for the assessment of brain tumors. Lack of physiological uptake of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI in normal brain parenchyma results in high TBR values, leading to better visualization of lesions and contributing to subsequent targeted therapy studies.Advances in knowledgeClinical utility of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT in brain tumors remains unclear, and there aren’t many similar studies in the literature. We evaluated the role of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET/CT in diagnosing brain tumors.
The role of 5-HTergic neuron activation in the rapid antidepressant-like effects of hypidone hydrochloride (YL-0919) in mice
Authors: Li Guang-Xiang , Yan Jiao-Zhao , Sun Sun-Rui , Hou Xiao-Juan , Yin Yong-Yu , Li Yun-Feng 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and disabling mental health condition; the currently available treatments for MDD are insufficient to meet clinical needs due to their limited efficacy and slow onset of action. Hypidone hydrochloride (YL-0919) is a sigma-1 receptor agonist and a novel fast-acting antidepressant that is currently under clinical development.MethodsTo further understand the fast-acting antidepressant activity of YL-0919, this study focused on the role of 5-HTergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) in mice. Using fiber photometry to assess neural activity in vivo and two behavioral assays (tail suspension test and forced swimming test) to evaluate antidepressant-like activity.ResultsIt was found that 3 or 7 days of YL-0919 treatment significantly activated serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the DRN and had significant antidepressant-like effects on mouse behaviors. Chemogenetic inhibition of 5-HTergic neurons in the DRN significantly blocked the antidepressant-like effect of YL-0919. In addition, YL-0919 treatment significantly increased the 5-HT levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). These changes were drastically different from those of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) fluoxetine, which suggested that the antidepressant-like effects of the two compounds were mechanistically different.ConclusionTogether, these results reveal a novel role of 5-HTergic neurons in the DRN in mediating the fast-acting antidepressant-like effects of YL-0919, revealing that these neurons are potential novel targets for the development of fast-acting antidepressants for the clinical management of MDD.