bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unwinding the Threads of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Cutting-Edge for the Management of Inflammation: An Updated Review
Authors: Dhiman Priya , Singh Sukhbir , Arora Sandeep , Sharma Neelam , Gulia Ritu , Kishore Ladli 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Inflammation serves as a protective response to combat cellular and
tissue damage. There is currently a wide array of synthetic and traditional therapies available for
the treatment of inflammatory diseases. However, it is necessary to create a drug delivery system
based on nanotechnology that can improve the solubility, permeability, and bioavailability of
current treatments. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) are inorganic materials known for
their organised porous interiors, high pore volumes, substantial surface area, exceptional selectivity,
permeability, low refractive index, and customisable pore sizes.

Objective:
This review offers concise insights into the progression of the pathophysiology of
inflammation, as well as the inducers, mediators, and effectors that are involved in the inflammatory
pathway. This study focuses on the growing significance of MSNPs in the treatment of neuroinflammation,
inflammatory bowel disease, arthritic inflammation, lung inflammation, and
wound healing applications. This review also presents the latest information on the crucial role
of MSNPs in delivering herbal medicines for the treatment of inflammation.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted for this aim, utilising the Google
Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases. A systematic review was undertaken utilising
scholarly articles published in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to 2024.

Results:
The inflammatory mediators involved in the pathophysiology of inflammation include
platelet-activating factor, lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase, Interferon-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-
1β, matrix metalloproteinases, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nuclear factor-κB, prostaglandins,
nitric oxide, and phospholipase A2. MSNPs have the potential to be used in the treatment of
neuroinflammation, inflammatory bowel disease, arthritic inflammation, lung inflammation, and
wound healing. The investigation of the MSNPs of plant-based compounds such as berberine,
tetrahydrocannabinol, curcumin, and resveratrol has shown successful results in recent years for
the purpose of managing inflammation.

Conclusion:
This review demonstrates that MSNPs have a strong potential to play a positive role
in delivering synthetic and plant-based therapies for the treatment of inflammatory illnesses.
Influenza Virus Genomic Mutations, Host Barrier and Cross-Species Transmission
Authors: Xiong Wenyan , Zhang Zongde 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Influenza is a global epidemic infectious disease that causes a significant number of illnesses
and deaths annually. Influenza exhibits high variability and infectivity, constantly jumping
from birds to mammals. Genomic mutations of the influenza virus are a central mechanism leading
to viral variation and antigenic evolution. These are crucial in facilitating the virus to cross species
barriers and cause human infection. This review summarizes the types of genomic mutations
in the influenza virus, their roles and mechanisms in crossing species barriers, and analyzes the impact
of these mutations on human health.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Induced by Wumei Pills Improves Chemotherapy-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in BALB/c Mice by Modulating
the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lu Dongxue , Ji Lijiang , Liu Feng , Liu Haixia , Sun Zhiguang , Yan Jing , Wu Hua 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Our previous studies have found that Wumei Pills can regulate the intestinal
flora to inhibit chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis (CIM). However, there is still insufficient
evidence to confirm that intestinal flora is the main link in the regulation of CIM by
Wumei Pills, and its downstream mechanism is still unclear.

Method:
We first obtained the signal pathway of the intervention of Wumei Pill on CIM through
network pharmacological analysis and then transplanted the bacterial solution into CIM mice, combined
with Western Blot, HE, ELISA and other biological technology-related proteins and inflammatory
factors.

Results:
It showed that 97 kinds of effective ingredients and 205 kinds of targets of Wumei pills
were screened out and the potential mechanism of Wumei Pills on CIM may be the NF-κB signaling
pathway. In contrast with the control group, the results displayed that the weight, food intake,
and mice’s colon length were apparently decreased in the 5-Fu group, while the diarrhea score
was increased. However, FMT reversed this change, and the difference was statistically significant.
Additionally, FMT could improve the pathological state of inflammatory cell infiltration in
mice, reduce histopathological scores of colon and jejunum, decrease the expression levels of
IL-1β, MPO, TNF-α, and IL-6, reverse the activation of signaling pathway named TLR4/Myd88/
NF-κB and down-regulate protein expression, thereby exerting its anti-inflammatory activities.
Further experiments have found that FMT could reverse the decreasing of tight junction proteins
and mucins caused by 5-Fu, thereby repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier, and FMT could
also increase the content of acetic acid, propanoic acid, and butanoic acid in the feces of 5-Fu
group.

Conclusion:
FMT can defend the intestinal mucosal barrier integrality by increasing the content
of exercise fatty acids, and its mechanism may be in connection with its inhibition of TLR4/My-
D88/NF-κB signal pathway to relieve inflammation.
A Review on Recent Synthesis and Diverse Biological Activities of Isoquinolone
Authors: Shamsujunaidi Ruwaida , Saaidin Aimi Suhaily , Mohammat Mohd Fazli , Pungot Noor Hidayah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Isoquinolone scaffolds are among the most important core structures of nitrogen heterocyclic
compounds, which possess vital roles in biological and physiological activities such as
anti-tumor, anti-microbial, anti-leukemic, anti-malaria, anti-dengue, anti-HIV and anti-bacterial.
Over the years, multiple studies have been done to synthesize these isoquinolone derivatives, and
several authors have reported on various methods and synthetic routes to produce the target skeletons
of isoquinolones. Therefore, many scientific communities have developed these compounds
as the intended structure and evaluated their biological activities. Thus, this review confers several
information on isoquinolone analogue synthetic strategies and their biological effects on mosquito-
borne diseases.
Study of Physical Mechanical Characteristics, Economic Viability, and Carbon Emission Impacts of Recycled Aggregate
Authors: Feng Zheyuan , Zhang Zhibo , Li Pengwei , Zhou Yu , Chen Cheng 
Published: October 2024

aims:
The study aims to evaluate the viability of using recycled aggregate (RA) from construction and demolition waste (CDW) as a sustainable alternative to natural aggregates in concrete production.

background:
Construction and demolition waste constitutes a significant portion of solid waste worldwide, posing considerable environmental challenges.

objective:
To assess the mechanical properties and economic benefits of concrete made by substituting natural aggregate with recycled aggregate, and to understand the environmental impact through a lifecycle assessment of carbon emissions.

method:
The research involved analyzing the mechanical properties of RA, including density, water absorption, and crushing strength. A critical threshold for material efficiency was determined by substituting natural aggregate with RA in varying proportions. An economic analysis was performed to evaluate the financial viability, and a lifecycle assessment was conducted to quantify carbon emissions from concrete production to site transportation.

result:
Recycled aggregate concrete showed lower density, higher water absorption, and reduced crushing strength compared to natural aggregates. Optimal strength was achieved with a 40% replacement rate. Economic analysis indicated a favorable return on investment. Lifecycle assessment revealed that raw materials account for approximately 85% of total emissions in recycled concrete production.

conclusion:
Recycled aggregate is a feasible alternative to natural aggregate in concrete production up to a 40% substitution rate, offering significant mechanical, economic, and environmental benefits. However, optimizing raw material usage is crucial for enhancing the sustainability of recycled concrete.

other:
The study highlights the growing role of recycled aggregate in engineering applications and underscores the importance of advances in research and application methods to further integrate recycled materials in construction practices.
Chitosan–sodium Tripolyphosphate–CuO Biopolymer–nanocomposite as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Water Splitting
Authors: Raja Angel Grace , Arasu Kalai Arasi Selva , Rajaram Rajakumari 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Fossil fuels have been used extensively as primary energy sources, which
has resulted in nearly depleted reserves, a contaminated environment, and a variety of negative
health effects globally. Hydrogen has been proposed by researchers as an effective “carbon neutral”
fuel. Large-scale hydrogen production through electrochemical water splitting necessitates the use of
inexpensive, extremely effective, and earth-abundant electrocatalysts.

Method:
In this study, chitosan–sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles are combined with
CuO nanostructures to produce chitosan–TPP–CuO (CT/CuO) nanocomposite. Chitosan–TPP nanoparticles
were first synthesized using the ionic gelation method. These nanoparticles were then extracted,
and CuO was synthesized in situ in polymer nanoparticles using a simple chemical precipitation
method. Chitosan and CuO are abundantly available and are environmentally beneficial materials.
The porous structure and open channels within the chitosan polymer matrix host the CuO
nanostructures, which promote electrolyte penetration, mass transport, and charge transfer, while the
metal-oxide nanostructures act as catalytic centers. The structural and morphological properties of
the CT/CuO nanocomposite were investigated using XRD, HRSEM, and HRTEM. The band gap and
functional groups in the material were measured by UV–Vis DRS and FTIR methods, respectively.
Elemental analysis was conducted utilizing EDS, HRSEM, and XPS. Thermal characteristics of the
CT/CuO nanocomposite were investigated using TG-DTA and DSC methods. Electrochemical techniques
were used to investigate the activities of HER and OER.

Results:
The XRD examination of the CT/CuO nanocomposite revealed semi-crystalline chitosan
peaks and a monoclinic CuO structure. HRSEM and HRTEM pictures indicated that chitosan–TPP
nanoparticles and CuO nanostructures were evenly spread and clustered to create a nanoparticulate
matrix. UV–Vis DRS indicated that the CT/CuO nanocomposite had a direct band gap of 1.702 eV.
The FTIR and XPS studies revealed the various bonds and oxidation states of the nanocomposite.
Thermal analyses demonstrated that the inclusion of CuO increased the thermal stability of the
CT/CuO nanocomposite. CT/CuO nanocomposite exhibited excellent OER and HER activity, requiring
a low overpotential of 444 mV and 379 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and -10 mA cm−2, respectively.

Conclusion:
Biopolymer metal-oxide nanocomposites could potentially be used as electrocatalysts in
water splitting, energy conversion, storage devices, sensors, and several other fields.
Experimentally Investigating the Potential of Iso-Stoichiometric GEM Blends as a Drop-in Replacement for E50 in SI Engines
Authors: Shaik Farooq , Domakonda Vinay Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Research on alternative fuels for internal combustion engines is crucial
due to climate change and energy security concerns. Ethanol-blended gasoline has been a popular
alternative fuel, but biomass limitations restrict its widespread use. Methanol offers a solution as it
can be produced from non-food sources, extending ethanol's availability.

Objective:
This study explores a ternary fuel blend consisting of gasoline, ethanol, and methanol
as an alternative to binary gasoline-ethanol blend. The objective is to investigate if the isostoichiometric
ternary blend offers equivalent fuel properties to E50 (Ethanol 50%, Gasoline 50%
(v/v)) gasohol while potentially enhancing engine performance, reducing emissions, and improving
combustion characteristics.

Methods:
A single-cylinder, four-stroke, port fuel injection spark ignition engine was used. The
engine was tested with three fuels: pure gasoline, E50 blend, and an equivalent iso-stoichiometric
GEM blends. Engine tests were conducted at constant load with varying engine speeds. Performance,
emission, and combustion parameters were experimentally measured and compared across
all fuels.

Results:
E50 and its equivalent blends improved brake thermal efficiency but increased brake specific
fuel consumption compared to gasoline. It significantly reduced unburned hydrocarbon and
carbon monoxide emissions but slightly increased nitrogen oxide emissions.

Conclusion:
Formulated E50 equivalent blends have identical air to fuel ratio, lower heating values
as conventional binary E50 gasoline-ethanol blends. The study suggests that iso-stoichiometric
GEM blends have the potential to be a viable alternative drop-in fuel for E50 in internal combustion
engines. The future advancements in GEM blends, particularly in optimizing ratios, could lead
to patentable inventions.
Recent Insights and Clinical Status on Novel Mefenamic Acid Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Tyagi Sunayana , Pande Milind Sharad , Islam Mojahidul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Joint structure and performance can be compromised by the systemic inflammatory disorder rheumatoid
arthritis, which destroys articular cartilage and erodes periarticular bone. However, due to their systemic
processes, short half-lives, and poor bioavailability, the anti-inflammatory medicines and biological
agents now utilized for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are unable to preferentially target inflamed
joints. Anti-inflammatory medicines have made use of nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery methods. The role
that inflammation plays in the genesis of disease has had far-reaching repercussions, including its ability to
influence the development of disorders as diverse as inflammatory bowel disorder, RA, and osteoarthritis. In
the treatment of RA, nanomaterials have the potential to both increase the absorption of the medication and
selectively target the damaged joint tissue. Designer nanoparticles now have the ability to engage more thoroughly
with their biological targets and a wider variety of diseases. These nanoparticles have a comparable
size range and surface properties that can be modified. In this review, we have discussed the progress that has
been made and the hurdles that remain in the use of nanomaterials in the treatment of RA, specifically in
relation to mefenamic acid.
Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes: An Advanced Tool with Enhanced Biomedical Attributes
Authors: Kataria Tanushka , Bose Sujit , Kalia Shruti , Chalotra Vishal , Mishra Vijay , Kaur Gurleen , Tyagi Ankit 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The drug delivery system is revolutionized by nanoparticles, an essential
component of nanotechnology, exhibiting an ultra-small size, large surface area to mass ratio, and
high reactivity, different from bulk materials having the same composition. Various types of nanoparticles
include liposomes, neosomes, micelles, carbon-based, etc. The most useful among them
are carbon nanotubes because of their distinct optical, electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties
and their architectures. Furthermore, the carbon nanotubes could either be single-walled or
multiple-walled, based on the number of graphene sheets rolled. Like any other technique, these
come with many limitations, including their tendency of hydrophobicity, insolubility, bundling together,
low dispersibility, and, majorly toxicity.

Objective:
In this review, the main objective is to update the applications of functionalized carbon
nanotubes as drug delivery systems in various therapies.

Methods:
Functionalization came into being to solve the mentioned disabilities. Functionalization
could be covalent as well as non-covalent. As a result, functionalized carbon nanotubes have
shown improvement in mentioned drawbacks.

Conclusion:
Now, the above-said functionalized carbon nanotubes have achieved bigger objectives
with a better approach than conventional carbon nanotubes in the field of drug delivery systems.
Machine Learning Empowered Breast Cancer Diagnosis: Insights from Coimbra Dataset Analysis
Authors: Tiwari Manish , Singh Nagendra , Mewada Arvind , Ansari Mohd. Aquib 
Published: October 2024

Aim:
The aim of this work is to succinctly communicate the key aspects of a research
study on breast cancer. This includes highlighting the global impact and prevalence of
breast cancer, emphasizing the challenges of early diagnosis, discussing the potential of technological
advancements, and showcasing the role of machine learning algorithms in the context
of liver cancer diagnosis.

Background:
Cancer, notably breast cancer, represents a global health challenge, claiming a
significant toll with 12.5% of new cancer cases annually. The prevalence of breast cancer
among women worldwide is alarming, resulting in 2.26 million incidents and the unfortunate
loss of 685,000 lives.

Objective:
This article focuses on the critical aspect of early breast cancer diagnosis, acknowledging
its heightened difficulty in developing nations compared to developed counterparts. The
potential for advancements in technology to serve as a beacon of hope lies in early identification
and timely treatment, offering salvation to numerous women and significantly elevating
survival chances.

Method:
In this intricate landscape, machine learning algorithms, particularly in diagnosing
liver cancer at its nascent stages, emerge as instrumental tools. The study employs the latest
Coimbra dataset, encompassing nine key attributes and a binary classification attribute, with
values 1 and 2 signifying benign and malignant cases, respectively.

Result:
Supervised machine learning algorithms, including Bayes net, multilayer perceptron,
IBK, random committee, and random tree, are meticulously applied. Certain models exhibit
superior accuracy, precision, recall, and performance, positioning them as promising cornerstones
for breast cancer analysis.

Conclusion:
This structured abstract highlights the urgent need for effective screening and
prevention strategies, emphasizing the potential of advanced technology and machine learning
algorithms to play a pivotal role in the early detection and analysis of breast cancer, offering
hope for improved outcomes and survival rates.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with COVID-19-PIMS-grade 3: A Case Report
Authors: Narasimha G Lakshmi , Girirajasekhar D , Goudanavar Prakash , Budha Roja Rani , KoteswaraRao G.S.N. , Gowthami Buduru , Naveen N. Raghavendra 
Published: October 2024

Background:
In the face of the rise of COVID-19, the multisystem inflammatory syndrome
in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 has been reported, and an increase in MIS-C
cases has been observed throughout the world. The majority of these cases were similar to Kawasaki
disease concerning clinical presentation.

Case Presentation:
Despite similarities, MIS-C cases present clinical and laboratory differentiation,
which makes it essential to portray similar cases worldwide to have a better consensus in the future.
A 7-year-old male child visited the hospital with the chief complaints of fever associated with chills,
rigors, and excessive myalgia for 3 days. He had a history of elevated high C-reactive protein (CRP)
of 42.7 mg/L. He was diagnosed with Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS)-grade
3. Here, for the first time, we bring an Indian MIS-C case with COVID-19-associated Paediatric
inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS)-grade 3.

Conclusion:
PIMS-TS infection in paediatrics is associated with a wider range of complications, and
the importance of musculoskeletal complications in PIMS-TS has been discussed.
Nature's Pharmacy: Bioactive Components and their Role in Alleviating Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hussain Sahil , kumar Arun , Singh Kuldeep , Arif Muhammad , Singh Deepshikha , Mohd. Mursal , Shukla Vani , Fatima Syed Kaynat 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
An essential pathogenic aspect of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the loss of bones, which ultimately causes RA patients' quality of life to diminish seriously. The main reason for bone loss in RA is an imbalance in bone metabolism, marked by the breakdown of bone through osteoclast activity and inadequate bone formation by osteoblasts. Contemporary medications somewhat diminish the process of bone deterioration, but there are still several drawbacks. Natu-ral medicines have several benefits, including a wide spectrum of biological actions and few side effects, making them a valuable source of new therapeutic compounds. They have developed in-to a hub for countless researchers to examine various diseases and provide healing medications. Natural medicine research for the treatment of RA has made impressive advancements in recent years. These natural bioactive compounds primarily contain terpenes, alkaloids, glycosides, fla-vonoids, and polyphenols. Most therapeutic natural bioactive compounds for the treatment of RA comprise the following: sinomenine, ginsenoside, icariin, paeoniflorin, triptolide, resvera-trol, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate. A quick summary of the mechanisms of action of naturally occurring bioactive chemicals that may be used as RA treatments is provided.