bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the long-term protection conferred by an organosilicon-based disinfectant formulation against bacterial contamination of surfaces
Authors: Le Nguyen Nhat Thu , Wu Jianfeng , Rickard Alexander H , Xi Chuanwu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of an organosilicon-based, commercially available antimicrobial formulation in the My-shield® product line against bacterial surface contamination.

Methods and results
The antimicrobial product was tested in vitro for its long-term persistence on surfaces and effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in comparison to 70% ethanol and 0.1% or 0.6% sodium hypochlorite. Field testing was also conducted over 6 weeks at a university athletic facility. In vitro studies demonstrated the log reductions achieved by the test product, 70% ethanol, and 0.1% sodium hypochlorite were 3.6, 3.1, and 3.2, respectively. The test product persisted on surfaces after washing and scrubbing, and pre-treatment with this product prevented S. aureus surface colonization for up to 30 days. In comparison, pre-treatment with 70% ethanol or 0.6% sodium hypochlorite was not protective against S. aureus biofilm formation after seven days. The field test demonstrated that weekly applications of the test product were more effective at reducing surface bacterial load than daily applications of a control product.

Conclusions
The test product conferred greater long-term protection against bacterial growth and biofilm formation by S. aureus than ethanol and sodium hypochlorite. Even with less frequent applications, the test product maintained a high level of antimicrobial activity.
In treacherous waters: detection of colistin-resistant bacteria in water and plastic litter from a recreational estuary
Authors: Alves Gabrielle da Silva Oliveira , Canellas Anna Luiza Bauer , Gallo Marcos N , Vinzon Susana Beatriz , Laport Marinella Silva 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Colistin resistance poses a major therapeutic challenge and resistant strains have now been reported worldwide. However, the occurrence of such bacteria in aquatic environments is considerably less understood. This study aimed to isolate and characterize colistin-resistant strains from water and plastic litter collected in an urban recreational estuary. Altogether, 64 strains with acquired colistin resistance were identified, mainly Acinetobacter spp. and Enterobacter spp. From these, 40.6% were positive for at least one mcr variant (1–9), 26.5% harbored, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, 23.4% harbored, sulfonamide resistance genes, and 9.3% harbored, quinolone resistance genes. merA, encoding mercury resistance, was detected in 10.5% of these strains, most of which were also strong biofilm producers. The minimum inhibitory concentration toward colistin was determined for the mcr-positive strains and ranged from 2 to ≥512 µg ml−1. Our findings suggest that Gram-negative bacteria highly resistant to a last-resort antimicrobial can be found in recreational waters and plastic litter, thereby evidencing the urgency of the One Health approach to mitigate the antimicrobial resistance crisis.
The rate and contribution of mergers to mass assembly from NIRCam observations of galaxy candidates up to 13.3 billion years ago
Authors: Dalmasso Nicolò , Calabrò Antonello , Leethochawalit Nicha , Vulcani Benedetta , Boyett Kristan , Trenti Michele , Treu Tommaso , Castellano Marco , Bradač Maruša , Metha Benjamin , Santini Paola 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
We present an analysis of the galaxy merger rate in the redshift range $4.0\lt z\lt 9.0$ (i.e. about 1.5 to 0.5 Gyr after the big bang) based on visually identified galaxy mergers from morphological parameter analysis. Our data set is based on high-resolution NIRCam JWST data (a combination of F150W and F2000W broad-band filters) in the low-to-moderate magnification ($\mu \lt 2$) regions of the Abell 2744 cluster field. From a parent set of 675 galaxies $(M_{U}\in [-26.6,-17.9])$, we identify 64 merger candidates from the Gini, $M_{20}$ and asymmetry morphological parameters, leading to a merger fraction $f_m=0.11\pm 0.04$. There is no evidence of redshift evolution of $f_m$ even at the highest redshift considered, thus extending well into the epoch of reionization the constant trend seen previously at $z\lesssim 6$. Furthermore, we investigate any potential redshift-dependent differences in the specific star formation rates between mergers and non-mergers. Our analysis reveals no significant correlation in this regard, with deviations in the studied redshift range typically falling within $(1-1.5)\sigma$ from the null hypothesis that can be attributed to sample variance and measurement errors. Finally, we also demonstrate that the classification of a merging system is robust with respect to the observed (and equivalently rest frame) wavelength of the high-quality JWST broad-band images used. This preliminary study highlights the potential for progress in quantifying galaxy assembly through mergers during the epoch of reionization, with significant sample size growth expected from upcoming large JWST infrared imaging data sets.
Influence of planets on debris discs in star clusters – II. The impact of stellar density
Authors: Wu Kai , Kouwenhoven M B N , Flammini Dotti Francesco , Spurzem Rainer 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
We present numerical simulations of planetary systems in star clusters with different initial stellar densities, to investigate the impact of the density on debris disc dynamics. We use lps+ to combine N-body codes nbody6++gpu and rebound for simulations. We simulate debris discs with and without a Jupiter-mass planet at 50 au, in star clusters with $N=$ 1k–64k stars. The spatial range of the remaining planetary systems decreases with increasing N. As cluster density increases, the planet’s influence range first increases and then decreases. For debris particles escaping from planetary systems, the probability of their direct ejection from the star cluster decreases as their initial semimajor axis ($a_0$) or the cluster density increases. The eccentricity and inclination of surviving particles increase as cluster density increases. The presence of a planet leads to lower eccentricities and inclinations of surviving particles. The radial density distribution of the remaining discs decays exponentially in sparse clusters. We derive a general expression of the gravitational encounter rate. Our results are unable to directly explain the scarcity of debris discs in star clusters. Nevertheless, given that many planetary systems have multiple planets, the mechanism of the planet-cluster combined gravitational influence on the disc remains appealing as a potential explanation.
LAP2alpha facilitates myogenic gene expression by preventing nucleoplasmic lamin A/C from spreading to active chromatin regions
Authors: Ferraioli Simona , Sarigol Fatih , Prakash Celine , Filipczak Daria , Foisner Roland , Naetar Nana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A-type lamins form a filamentous meshwork beneath the nuclear membrane that anchors large heterochromatic genomic regions at the nuclear periphery. A-type lamins also exist as a dynamic, non-filamentous pool in the nuclear interior, where they interact with lamin-associated polypeptide 2 alpha (LAP2α). Both proteins associate with largely overlapping euchromatic genomic regions in the nucleoplasm, but the functional significance of this interaction is poorly understood. Here, we report that LAP2α relocates towards regions containing myogenic genes in the early stages of muscle differentiation, possibly facilitating efficient gene regulation, while lamins A and C mostly associate with genomic regions away from these genes. Strikingly, upon depletion of LAP2α, A-type lamins spread across active chromatin and accumulate at regions of active H3K27ac and H3K4me3 histone marks in the vicinity of myogenic genes whose expression is impaired in the absence of LAP2α. Reorganization of A-type lamins on chromatin is accompanied by depletion of the active chromatin mark H3K27ac and a significantly impaired myogenic differentiation. Thus, the interplay of LAP2α and A-type lamins is crucial for proper positioning of intranuclear lamin A/C on chromatin to allow efficient myogenic differentiation.
DNA methylation by CcrM contributes to genome maintenance in the Agrobacterium tumefaciens plant pathogen
Authors: Martin Sandra , Fournes Florian , Ambrosini Giovanna , Iseli Christian , Bojkowska Karolina , Marquis Julien , Guex Nicolas , Collier Justine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The cell cycle-regulated DNA methyltransferase CcrM is conserved in most Alphaproteobacteria, but its role in bacteria with complex or multicentric genomes remains unexplored. Here, we compare the methylome, the transcriptome and the phenotypes of wild-type and CcrM-depleted Agrobacterium tumefaciens cells with a dicentric chromosome with two essential replication origins. We find that DNA methylation has a pleiotropic impact on motility, biofilm formation and viability. Remarkably, CcrM promotes the expression of the repABCCh2 operon, encoding proteins required for replication initiation/partitioning at ori2, and represses gcrA, encoding a conserved global cell cycle regulator. Imaging ori1 and ori2 in live cells, we show that replication from ori2 is often delayed in cells with a hypo-methylated genome, while ori2 over-initiates in cells with a hyper-methylated genome. Further analyses show that GcrA promotes the expression of the RepCCh2 initiator, most likely through the repression of a RepECh2 anti-sense RNA. Altogether, we propose that replication at ori1 leads to a transient hemi-methylation and activation of the gcrA promoter, allowing repCCh2 activation by GcrA and contributing to initiation at ori2. This study then uncovers a novel and original connection between CcrM-dependent DNA methylation, a conserved epigenetic regulator and genome maintenance in an Alphaproteobacterial pathogen.
Metabolic alkalosis treatment standard
Authors: Palmer Biff F , Clegg Deborah J 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The kidney is poised to defend against development of metabolic alkalosis through non-adaptive mechanisms in the proximal nephron and adaptive processes in the distal nephron. Despite a prodigious capacity to excrete base, metabolic alkalosis is the most common acid–base disturbance in hospitalized patients. Development of this disorder requires pathophysiologic changes leading to generation of new HCO3– combined with an augmentation in the capacity of the kidney to reclaim filtered HCO3–. The initial approach to these patients is careful assessment of effective arterial blood volume focusing on the physical examination and urine electrolytes. Identifying the mechanisms by which the kidney's ability to correct alkalosis are perturbed provides an understanding of the clinical approach to differential diagnosis and appropriate treatment. While metabolic alkalosis is frequently not dangerous, in certain settings, metabolic alkalosis may contribute to mortality and should be aggressively managed.
Reexamining the Honolulu Volcanics: Hawai'i's Classic Case of Rejuvenation Volcanism
Authors: Garcia Michael O , Norman Marc D , Jicha Brian R , Lynn Kendra J , Jiang Peng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Rejuvenated volcanism is a worldwide phenomenon occurring on many oceanic islands in all of the major ocean basins. This plume-related volcanism follows the main edifice-building stage after a hiatus of variable duration (e.g. 0.6–2 Myrs in Hawai'i). The Honolulu Volcanics (HV), the classic case of rejuvenated volcanism, involved monogenetic eruptions from at least 48 vent areas. Previous studies inferred these vents were aligned along 3 to 11 rifts oriented orthogonal to the propagation direction of the Hawaiian plume. HV basalts are known for having high MgO contents (&gt;10 wt %) and upper mantle xenoliths. Thus, HV magmas are assumed to be relatively primitive and to have ascended rapidly (&lt;1 day) through the crust. However, new analyses of olivine cores in basalts from 24 HV vents are mostly too low in forsterite content (74–86 mol %) to be in equilibrium with mantle melts. Olivine and clinopyroxene in HV basalts commonly show reverse zoning indicating magma mixing prior to eruption. These results are inconsistent with the rapid ascent of HV magmas directly from their mantle source. Many of the HV magmas underwent storage (probably in the lower crust or uppermost mantle), crystal fractionation and magma mixing prior to eruption. New 40Ar/39Ar dates were determined for 11 HV lavas to evaluate their eruptive history. These ages, 80 to 685 ka, combined with our previous and other 40Ar/39Ar ages for HV lavas reveal long gaps (&gt;50 kyr) between some eruptions. Our comprehensive, whole-rock major and trace element database (63 XRF analyses, 57 ICPMS analyses) of basalts from 37 vents show remarkable compositional diversity with no obvious spatial pattern or temporal trends. The two most recent eruptive sequences have the greatest diversity (basanite and melilitite compositions). HV basanites show systematic trace element trends that may reflect mixing of multiple source components. The nephelinites and melilitites require a complex source history that may have involved residual accessory minerals during mantle melting and a metasomatic component that was not carbonatitic. The new ages and geochemical data show eruptions along most of the previously proposed rift systems were unrelated (except for the Koko Rift). Therefore, geodynamic models that relate HV volcanism to these rift systems are invalid. Lava volumes for two HV eruptions were estimated at 0.11 and 0.23 km3 using surface mapping and water well data. Similar size, recent monogenetic eruptions in Auckland, New Zealand, were inferred to have lasted several months. Thus, if another HV eruption were to occur, which is possible given the long hiatus between eruptions, it would be extremely disruptive for the nearly 1 million residents of Honolulu. None of the existing geodynamic models fully explain the age duration, volumes and the locations of Hawai'i's rejuvenated volcanism. Thus, the cause of this secondary volcanism remains enigmatic.
Heterogeneity of Treatment Effects of Laser Epilation on Pilonidal Disease Recurrence: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Bergus Katherine C. , Lutz Carley , Cooper Jennifer , Asti Lindsey , Gil Lindsay , Criss Cory , Deans Katherine J. , Minneci Peter C. 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
To investigate the heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE) of laser epilation in preventing pilonidal disease recurrence through analysis of prespecified clinical factors.

Background:
Pilonidal disease is a common, painful disease affecting 1% of the population aged 15 to 30 years with postoperative recurrence rates as high as 30% to 40%.

Methods:
Single-institution randomized controlled trial from September 2017 to September 2022 with 1-year follow-up, including patients aged 11 to 21 years with pilonidal disease undergoing gluteal cleft laser epilation and standard care (improved hygiene and mechanical or chemical depilation) or standard care alone.

Results:
In total, 302 patients were enrolled with 151 randomized to each intervention. 1-year follow-up was available for 96 patients in the laser group and 134 in the standard care group. There were no significant differences in treatment effects based on sex, body mass index, previous disease, prior surgical excision, or annual household income (all P > 0.05). HTE was identified by race and ethnicity (P = 0.005) and health insurance type (P = 0.001). Recurrence among non-Hispanic white patients was 4% (3/75) with laser treatment and 31.6% (31/98) with standard care versus 38.9% (7/18) with laser treatment and 38.2% (13/34) with standard care among all other racial/ethnic groups. Recurrence rates among privately insured patients were 4.0% (3/75) with laser treatment and 33.3% (29/87) with standard care versus 36.8% (7/19) with laser treatment and 29.7% (11/37) with standard care in patients with public insurance.

Conclusions:
The effectiveness of laser epilation to reduce pilonidal disease recurrence rates may vary based on race and ethnicity and insurance type. Additional studies are warranted to investigate this potential HTE.
Occupational benzene exposure and risk of kidney and bladder cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat , Bonetti Mattia , Shah Darshi , DeStefano Vincent , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionBenzene is recognized as leukemogenic. However, the association between it and solid cancers has been the subject of less investigation. We aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between occupational exposure to benzene and the risk of urinary tract cancer, including kidney and bladder.MethodsWe included 41 cohort and case–control studies listed in the most recent International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph on benzene exposure and the result of a literature review to identify more recent studies. Forest plots of relative risk (RR) were constructed for kidney, bladder, and urinary tract cancer overall. A random-effects model was used to address heterogeneity between studies. Stratified analyses were conducted to explore effect modification.ResultsOur findings revealed an association between exposure to occupational benzene and kidney and unspecified urinary tract cancers (RR = 1.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.03–1.39), and an association of borderline statistical significance with bladder cancer (RR = 1.07, 95% confidence interval = 0.97–1.18). Publication bias was excluded for both kidney (P = 0.809) and bladder cancer (P = 0.748). Stratification analysis according to the selected study characteristics showed no difference except regarding the industry for kidney cancer (P < 0.000), with a stronger association in the chemical industry. An analysis by exposure level did not reveal any trend for kidney cancer, whereas there was a trend (P = 0.01) for bladder cancer.ConclusionOur study found an association between occupational benzene exposure and kidney cancer and a dose-effect association between benzene exposure and bladder cancer.
Trend of gastrointestinal and liver diseases in China: Results of the Global Burden of Disease Study, 2019
Authors: Tang Xiaowei , Wang Ping , Huang Shu , Peng Jieyu , Zhang Wei , Shi Xiaomin , Shi Lei , Zhong Xiaolin , Lyu Muhan , Zhou Xian , Linghu Enqiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
China is one of the countries with the largest burden of gastrointestinal and liver diseases (GILD) in the world. The GILD constitutes various causes of mortality and disability. The study aimed to investigate the trend of GILD in China using the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 (GBD 2019) data resources from 1990 to 2019.

Methods:
The data on the age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for GILD in China from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the GBD 2019 data resources. Furthermore, the ranking of the main causes of deaths and DALYs, as well as the trends of ASMR, DALYs, years of life lost (YLLs), and years of life lost due to disability (YLDs) per 1,000,000 in GILD were reported.

Results:
The ASMR and DALYs for stomach cancer, liver cancer, and esophageal cancer, which ranked top three among the GILDs from 1990 to 2019, were gradually decreasing. Significant decreases in the ASMR and DALYs were found in diarrheal diseases and acute hepatitis (A, E, and C). However, noteworthy increases were found in those of colon and rectum cancer (CRC) and pancreatic cancer. Trend of DALYs, mortality, and YLLs rates for most of GILD were decreasing from 1990 to 2019, except the burden of CRC and pancreatic cancer with an increasing trend. The DALYs, mortality and YLLs of most GILD diseases showed decreasing trends from 1990 to 2019, except the burden of CRC and pancreatic cancer with an increasing trends.

Conclusions:
The result of the GBD 2019 showed that the rates of most GILDs decreased in China; however, gastrointestinal and liver cancer, such as stomach cancer still held the top ranking. Furthermore, the shift from infectious diseases to non-communicable causes among GILD burden is occurring.
Sex differences in STEMI management and outcomes: a retrospective analysis from the China Chest Pain Center Database
Authors: Zhao Liang , A Geru , Sun Bin , Li Piao , Wang Zhuoqun , Li Linjie , Sun Pengfei , Zhou Xin , Yang Qing 
Published: September 2024

Background and purpose:
With the development of the China Chest Pain Center (CCPC) and the growing concern over the poor prognosis of female patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), it is imperative to assess the sex-based differences of in-hospital management, complications, and mortality. This study aims to identify these disparities and make recommendations for the treatment of STEMI patients.

Methods:
Using the CCPC Database to review the sex disparities in therapeutic procedures and hospitalization death among 462,722 STEMI patients from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2021. The study outcomes included therapeutic procedures, in-hospital complications, and mortality. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between sex and outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results:
Of all participants, 112,504 (24.3%) were women. Compared to men, women were older (71.3 vs. 60.5 years), and had a higher prevalence of risk factors and comorbidities. Women also delayed seeking medical assistance, with a longer time from symptom onset to first medical contact (S-to-FMC) compared to men (216 vs. 150 minutes). Women were less likely to receive reperfusion therapy (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.83, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.81–0.84) and experienced a higher prevalence of in-hospital complications following STEMI. The crude in-hospital mortality rate for women was 6.1%, notably twice as high as that for men (3.0%). Subgroup analyses showed that the sex difference in in-hospital mortality was not significant in younger patients (≤55 years) (adjusted OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.71–1.18) but was significant in older patients (>55 years) (adjusted OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09–1.23) after multivariable adjustment.

Conclusions:
Women with STEMI had poorer outcomes in terms of seeking medical assistance, receiving reperfusion therapy, and experiencing higher in-hospital mortality rates. Urgent investigation is needed to understand the underlying factors and develop strategies to improve healthcare access and outcomes for female STEMI patients.