bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine in gallbladder fossa and at trocar sites in reduction of postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective randomized controlled double blind trial
Authors: Pandove Paras K. , Arora Nitish , Garg Arun , Pandove Lovelesh , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: March 2017

Background: Pain relief remains landmark achievement attributed to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Post laparoscopic cholecystectomy patient still complains of incisional pain, shoulder pain and vague upper abdominal pain. A simple method of portal or incisional infiltration and intraperitoneal spraying of a local anaesthetic agent over gall bladder fossa can reduce postoperative pain. The mean duration of action of bupivacaine hydrochloride is 8.07 hours which is 2-3 times longer than lignocaine.Methods: This study was conducted to determine whether local infiltration of bupivacaine at trocar sites and gall bladder fossa has any effect in postoperative pain relief. This prospective study was conducted on 60 patients (3 groups) undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In group A, 20ml of 0.25% bupivacaine was instilled subcutaneously at all trocar sites. In group B, 20ml of 0.25% bupivacaine was instilled in gallbladder fossa after removal of gall bladder. In group C, 20 ml bupivacaine was instilled at the gall bladder fossa and 20% was instilled at the trocar sites as mentioned for group A.Results: Chi square analysis of NRS of pain at 1, 6, 12, 24 hours post operatively shows significant improvement in NRS scores in group A and C compared to group B.Conclusions: Infiltration of 0.25% bupivacaine at all trocar sites with or without infiltration in gall bladder fossa is an effective method of postoperative pain relief when compared to infiltration of gall bladder fossa alone.
Epidural blood patch for treatment of a large suboccipital pseudomeningocele
Authors: Richardson Emily A. , Tommasi Claudio De 
Published: March 2017

Pseudomeningocele complication is a challenging and common neurosurgical problem. Posterior cranial fossa surgery is reported to have higher pseudomeningocele postoperative complication rates compared to supratentorial surgery. Treatment of posterior fossa pseudomeningoceles can be cumbersome and various techniques have been described ranging from conservative measures to re-operation. We describe a case of a 27 year old woman who developed a large symptomatic suboccipital pseudomeningocele following posterior fossa decompression surgery; this was successfully treated by an epidural blood patch. The current body of literature regarding the treatment of posterior fossa pseudomeningocele is limited. Whilst the use of an epidural blood patch for pseudomeningocele treatment is not novel, this is the first case of standard epidural blood patch, performed in the lumbar region, for treatment of a posterior fossa pseudomeningocele. Epidural blood patch is a minimally invasive technique that is underutilized. This paper demonstrates the use of epidural blood patch as an alternative method for treatment of a large suboccipital pseudomeningocele and summarizes the current literature. It is hoped this paper will highlight the epidural blood patch as a potentially effective treatment option that should be considered when managing posterior fossa pseudomeningocele complications prior to escalation to surgical revision.
A study of clinical profile of malaria with special reference to complications and outcome
Authors: Kulkarni Vrinda K. , Agrawal Kushal 
Published: March 2017

Background: Malaria has a wide clinical spectrum ranging from uncomplicated disease to a fatal one. The objectives were to study clinical profile of Malaria with special reference to its complications and outcome.Methods: A prospective observational study was done in a tertiary care hospital including total of 300 patients diagnosed with Vivax or Falciparum Malaria. Data on patients’ clinical details with investigations, complications, and outcome was recorded and analysed using SPSS version 17.Results: Out of 300 patients, 179 had Vivax and 121 had Falciparum Malaria. Oliguria, high coloured urine, altered sensorium, convulsion, breathlessness, bleeding was more common in Falciparum malaria. Hypoglycaemia, thrombocytopenia, renal and hepatic involvement and ALI/ARDS were also more common in falciparum group. However, ALI/ARDS was more fatal in vivax group. Complications, outcome and biochemical parameters were correlated with parasite index and the correlations were statistically significant. Out of 22 deaths, 12 patients were from falciparum and 10 were from vivax group. Most common complication leading to death was ARDS/ALI, followed by AKI, convulsion, hepatic involvement and bleeding in decreasing order in both types of Malaria. Three patients with parasitic index <5% and 19 patients with parasitic index >5% died.Conclusions: Clinical profile of Falciparum Malaria was more complicated. Metabolic complications with multi organ involvement, ALI/ARDS and mortality were more in Falciparum Malaria. Correlation of parasitic index with complications, biochemical parameters and outcome in both the groups was statistically significant.
Phelan-McDermid Syndrome
Authors: Omansky Gayle Leary , Abdulhayoglu Elisa , Zhurbilo Bella 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPhelan-McDermid syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with severe intellectual disability, motor delay, and autistic traits. This article reviews a case of a complicated presentation of Phelan-McDermid syndrome and addresses etiology, diagnosis, and management.
Imperfections in plaster surfaces caused by the release of hydrogen gas of polyvinylsiloxane impression materials
Authors: Pereira Jefferson Ricardo , Ghizoni Janaina Salomon , Rossetti Paulo Henrique Orlato , May Naudy Brodbeck , Valle Accácio Lins do 
Published: March 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the number of bubbles of hydrogen liberation from different polyvinylsiloxane impression materials. Material and Methods: A metallic stainless steel jig containing six receptacles, like trays, was constructed to accommodate the impression materials. The molds were poured immediately, and at 1 hour, 12 hours and 24 hours in order to evaluate the number of bubbles present in each sample. Each sample was made of improved stone (type IV), totaling 48 samples for each polyvinylsiloxane impression material. After setting, the surface of each sample was inspected under a light microscope at 40x magnification and the number of bubbles was recorded. Results were submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA and Tukey Test (p=.05). Results: ANOVA test showed statistically significant differences among the polyvinylsiloxane impression materials, as determined by the number of bubbles (p<.05). The Tukey test showed statistically significant differences among the three groups (p<.05). Conclusions: Statistical differences were found between addition silicone with regard to the ideal time to wait for the plaster cast, showing that Aquasil results in fewer bubbles in plaster, followed by the President and Simply Perfect samples.
Evaluation of the fracture resistance of remaining thin-walled roots restored with different post systems
Authors: Pinho Luis Gustavo Nunes Dias , Vinholi Gustavo Helder , Coelho Tulio Kalife , Rodrigues Neto Dimas João , Cerutti Kopplin Daiane , Silva Anísio Lima 
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this work was evaluating the fracture strength of bovine roots weakened experimentally, restored with two different techniques: internal reinforcement of root canal walls with composite resin and a cast metal post and core or anatomic post (glass fiber post associated with composite resin). Thirty bovine lower central incisive were selected and transversally sectioned, remaining 14 mm of root in order to approximate to the human maxillary central incisive. A sequence of standardized wear was used to weak the root until the walls remaining achieved from 0.5 to 0.7 mm of thickness at the cervical edge. Two groups were separated randomly (n=15) in order to test the roots reinforced with composite resin associated with cast metal post and core (CMP), or roots restored with composite resin associated to the glass fiber post (GFP). The test were applied in a Universal Test Machine (EMIC) with tangential compressive loading focused on the lingual face of core in an angle of 135° with the long axis of the tooth at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until failure occurred. The results showed that the fracture strength of remaining roots with weakened walls was influenced by the restorative technique, and the higher values of strength fractures were observed in the group of roots reinforced by composite resin associated with CMP (p<0.001) when compared to the group of roots restored with anatomic post.
Influence of fibreglass post design and lengths on the bond strength
Authors: Santos Filho Paulo César Freitas , Reis Bruno Rodrigues , Veríssimo Crisnicaw , Soares Paulo Vinicius , Menezes Murilo Souza , Soares Carlos José 
Published: March 2017

Post retention in root canal is an important factor on the clinical success of restorations in endodontically treated teeth. AIM: To evaluate the effect of luting agent, fibreglass post design and lengths on the bond strength of posts. MATERIALS AND METHOD: One hundred eighty single-rooted teeth were root filled and prepared to receive either a parallel-sided and serrated fibreglass post or a tapered and smooth fibreglass post (n=90). The posts were cemented with the following resin cements: dual-cured resin cement (RelyX ARC), self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX Unicem) and a self-cured resin cement (RelyX ARC Luting) (n=30). The posts were luting in different depths: 5.0 mm; 7.5 mm; 10.0 mm (n=10). The posts were submitted to a traction test at a speed of 0.5 mm/min and the bond strength values (MPa) were submitted to anova in a split-plot arrangement and Tukey’s test ( α < 0.05). RESULTS: The analyses of bond strenght values revealed that post length (depths of luting), resin cement and post design was statistically significant ( α < 0.05). The highest values of retention were observed in the smooth posts. No difference of retention values was observed in the posts cemented into 5 or 7.5 mm. The highest values were obtained cementation depth of 10 mm. The RelyX ARC and RelyX Unicem showed the highest values of retention. CONCLUSION: Greater depths of cementing provide greater retention. Dual-cured resin cement and self-adhesives had the highest retention values especially when the post format used is smooth and tapered.
Effects of coronal leakage on concentration of hydrogen ions and calcium release of several calcium hydroxide pastes over different periods of time
Authors: Crespo Mariana Pires , Kuga Milton Carlos , Só Marcus Vinicius Reis , Keine Katia Cristina , Shinohara André Luis 
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of coronal leakage on concentration of hydrogen ions (pH) and calcium release of several calcium hydroxide pastes, over different periods of time. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty extracted human mandibular central incisors (n=10) were instrumented up to the F2 instrument and assigned to the following intracanal dressing: G1- Calen, G2- Calen with 0.4% chlorhexidine (CHX), G3- Calcium hydroxide with camphorated paramonochlorophenol (CPMC) and glycerin, G4- Calen, but temporary filling material maintained during all test (positive control) and G5- Root canal without intracanal dressing (negative control). All groups were immersed in distilled water for 7 days. In sequence, the temporary filling materials were removed, except in controls groups. All specimens were individually mounted on a specific device and only its root again immersed in distilled water. Concentration of hydrogen ions and calcium release by calcium hydroxide pastes in distilled water were evaluated in 24h, 7, 14 and 28 days. The results were submitted to ANOVA test (p = 0.05). After 28 days, root canals from experimental groups were examined in SEM. RESULTS: G1, G2, G3 and G4 presented similar pH values and calcium release and did not differ from each other (p>0.05), up to 7 days. After this time G1, G2 and G3 presented values lower values than G4 (p<0.05). In SEM analysis, calcium hydroxide residues were observed in all experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS: After 7 days, coronal leakage decreased the concentration of hydrogen ions and calcium ion release provided by all calcium hydroxide pastes.
Comparative analysis of three rotary instruments used for coronal pre-enlargement in radicular dentin thickness and root canal area of mandibular molars
Authors: Jordão Basso Keren Cristina Fagundes , Kuga Milton Carlos , Keine Katia Cristina , Galoza Marina Oliveira Gonçalves , Só Marcus Vinicius Reis 
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the increase of the cervical area and dentin thickness in mesial and distal walls of the mesial canals from mandibular molars after the use of LA Axxess (LA), CP Drill (CP) and Gates-Glidden (GG) rotary instruments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty root canals from thirty mandibular first molar were sectioned 3 mm below the cement-enamel junction, divided in 3 groups (n = 20 root canals, each) according to rotary instrument used, and the cervical images were captured before and after pre-enlargement instrumentation. The increase of the instrumented cervical area (mm2) and the dentin removal thickness (mm), at mesial and distal walls were calculated using Image tools software, by comparison of images. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests (p=0.05). RESULTS: All rotary instruments promoted thickness reduction in dentin walls. In mesial wall, all rotary instruments promoted similar thickness reduction of dentinal wall and did not differ from each other (p>0.05). In distal wall, LA Axxess instrument promoted higher dentin thickness reduction than other groups (p<0.05). The three rotary instruments promoted different increase at the instrumented cervical area (p<0.05), LA promoted the highest increase area and GG and CP presented similar results. CONCLUSION: LA 20/0.06 promoted the highest thickness reduction in distal wall and increase of cervical area of root canal. On the other hand, CP was the safest instrument, with lower dentin removal of distal wall and similar increased area to GG.
Effect of two formulations of 10% sodium ascorbate on fracture resistance of endodontically treated tooth submitted to dental bleaching with hydrogen peroxide associated titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Authors: Bontorim Francisco Carlos , Kuga Milton Carlos , Cioffi Sabrina Spinelli , Só Marcus Vinicius Reis , Faria Gisele , Pereira Jefferson Ricardo 
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effect of 10% sodium ascorbate (10SA), in gel (10SAg) or aqueous solution (10SAs) formulations, on fracture resistance of endodontically treated tooth submitted to dental bleaching procedures with 15% hydrogen peroxide associated with titanium dioxide (15HP-TiO2) nanoparticles and photoactivated by LED-laser. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty maxillary premolars were endodontically-treated and embedded in acrylic resin up to the cement-enamel junction. The specimens were divided into four groups (n=10): G1 (negative control): no bleaching, coronal access restored with composite resin; G2 (positive control): three dental bleaching sessions using 15HP-TiO2 and LED-laser photoactivation and restored with composite resin (positive control); G3 (10SAg): similar procedures to G2, but applied 10SA, in gel formulation, for 24 hours before restoration; G4 (10SAs): similar procedures to G3, but applied 10SA, in aqueous solution formulation. The 15HP-TiO2 was applied on buccal and lingual surfaces of the crown tooth and inside the pulp chamber and photoactivated by LED-laser. Between each bleaching session, the teeth were maintained in artificial saliva, at 37oC, for 7 days. In sequence, the teeth were submitted to fracture resistance testing using an eletromechanical machine test. The data was analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test (p = 0.05) RESULTS: There are no differences significant among the groups in relation to fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of 10% sodium ascorbate, in gel or aqueous solution formulations, did not interfered on the fracture resistance teeth after dental bleaching using 15HP-TiO2 and LED-laser photoactivation.
ESTIMATION OF THREE MICROELEMENTS IN PRIMARY TEETH BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA-ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Peediayil Faizal , Kumar Kiran , Kottayi Soni , Kenchamba Vaibhav , Babu George , Jose Deepak 
Published: March 2017

AIM: This study was carried out to estimate the concentrations three microelements in enamel of deciduous normal and carious teeth using atomic emission spectrometry. METHODS: A total of 80 deciduous molar teeth indicated for extraction from children between the age group of 7-13 yrs. were taken for this study. The specimens were divided into four groups and the samples were prepared using centrifuge flotation technique. They were analyzed for Manganese, Strontium and Zinc using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. RESULTS: This study shows that sound enamel contains more of strontium when compared to the carious enamel. Carious enamel contains more of manganese, and zinc when compared to the normal enamel. Elements zinc and strontium occur in high concentrations, whereas elements manganese occur in low concentrations in enamel. The concentrations of elements manganese, strontium and zinc does not vary in relation to sex of individual. CONCLUSION: The microelements strontium and zinc are present in high concentration. Further studies are necessary to see their potential in mineralization and anticariogenic process.
BEVERAGES DRINKING HABITS AND TOOTH SENSITIVITY EXPERIENCE AMONG ADOLESCENT SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Tokumbo Bamise Cornelius , Oluniyi Olusile Adeyemi , Adebanke Kolawole Kikelomo , Ozovehe Peter Augustine 
Published: March 2017

AIM: The recent increase in consumption of acidic beverages is thought to be the leading cause of dental erosion observed among adolescents. The study assessed the drinking habits of Adolescent Secondary School Students and also evaluated their tooth sensitivity experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survey was conducted among adolescent secondary school students. Purposely, students in boarding hostels were excluded. The sample was selected from twelve public and private secondary schools through the class teachers. RESULTS: 582 questionnaires were analyzed (294 females, 288 males). Soft drinks were the most consumed (97%) beverage, predominantly by females (94.6%). Parents especially the mother mostly consume soft drinks. (78%) pointed out that that “soft drinks are good in between meals” and also 64% indicated that “soft drinks are good for the teeth”. Participants that preferred drinks at normal room temperature experienced the most tooth sensitivity. Majority (42.3%) use straw but the most tooth sensitivity experience (63.3%) associated with long sipping. A statistically significant difference (X=0.252; df=1; p=0.005) in tooth sensitivity experience found between those that swish their drinks and those that did not. CONCLUSION: Soft drinks were the most consumed with a faulty believe that soft drinks are good in-between meals and for the teeth. Tooth sensitivity experience is common with preference for drinks at room temperature and long sipping. Swishing drinks is associated with tooth sensitivity.
Dentistry: by choice or chance? A questionnaire survey for pre clinical dental students
Authors: Narayanan Arun , Sarpangala Mythri , Aboobacker Sajida , Peedikayil Faizal , Bhat Ajeya Kumara 
Published: March 2017

Historically, Indian education has been elitist. Currently, India has the second largest education system in the world preceded by China. In order to meet the demand for coveted dental education, private dental colleges have sprung across the country, making the access easy for the students to enroll into dental education programmes after their higher secondary education. This has lead to a suspicion whether these dental students had been forced into a course that they did not aspire of and even if they actually chose the career, are they performing as good as they expected to be once the course commences. This questionnaire survey aims at discussing these issues and to prepare the Indian education system at both school and college level to encompass and implement an orientation and motivation program to overcome this.
Peripheral giant cell granuloma: a case report
Authors: Kota Kasim , Kodanda Ram , Jaisekharan V P 
Published: March 2017

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a non neoplastic reactive lesion of the gingiva, originating from the periosteum or periodontal membrane following local irritation or chronic trauma. PGCG manifests as a red-purple growth located in the gingiva or edentulous alveolar margins. The lesion can develop at any age, shows a slight female predilection. Usually, they cause one or the other problem in eruption or alignment of teeth, but may also present without disturbing the normal occlusion or eruption pattern. Management of these teeth depends on the symptoms. Presented here is a case of PGCG in relation to the lower right first premolar in a 10 year old child.
Comparative study of analgesic effectiveness of tramadol and ketorolac in the pain management of surgical removal of third molar: a randomized double blinded study
Authors: Chethan R , Ramamuthy T K , Patil Shilpa , Reddy Satheesha 
Published: March 2017

AIM: Assessing the efficacy of drug in controlling pain intensity after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar teeth and to compare the effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted. 40 patients were randomly selected and divided into two equal groups. Group A received 50 mg of tramadol orally and Group B received 10 mg of ketorolac orally. In both groups dose was repeated for next 24 hrs. Visual analogue scale was used for the collection of pain intensity from the patients. RESULTS: The results revealed, in Group A, the analgesia started within 1 hour and reached the maximum analgesic effect in 4 hours, pain intensity was 1.8 out of 10, on visual analog scale. In Group B, analgesia started within 1hour and showed it’s maximum analgesic effect. The pain intensity was 2.5 on visual analog scale. The analgesic effect of 50 mg tramadol lasted up to 6 hours and that of ketorolac lasted for 5 hour. CONCLUSION: The study shows that 50mg tramadol is a suitable and safe analgesic for the relief of post-extraction pain and is more effective than 10mg ketorolac with prolonged analgesia and minimal side effects, we recommend studies with randomized clinical trials with larger sample size are needed it in clinical practice.
A case series of unusual root canal morphology
Authors: Ajith Rakhi , C Noushad M , T Jamsheed E , Askar Muhammad 
Published: March 2017

Aim: The thorough knowledge of tooth morphology and its variations is essential for successful endodontic treatment.Case report: This article reports an unusual root canal configuration that was detected in a maxillary central incisor with two root canals , mandibular canine with two canals and mandibular canine with two roots and root canals.Conclusions: These case reports increase the awareness of clinicians on variations in the root canal anatomy so that complete disinfection and obturation of the root canal system is possible.