bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
p107 Determines a Metabolic Checkpoint Required for Adipocyte Lineage Fates
Authors: Porras Deanna P. , Abbaszadeh Maryam , Bhattacharya Debasmita , D'souza Ninoschka C. , Edjiu Nareh R. , Perry Christopher G. R. , Scimè Anthony 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We show that the transcriptional corepressor p107 orchestrates a metabolic checkpoint that determines adipocyte lineage fates for non-committed progenitors. p107 accomplishes this when stem cell commitment would normally occur in growth arrested cells. p107-deficient embryonic progenitors are characterized by a metabolic state resembling aerobic glycolysis that is necessary for their pro-thermogenic fate. Indeed, during growth arrest they have a reduced capacity for NADH partitioning between the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Intriguingly, this occurred despite an increase in the capacity for mitochondrial oxidation of non-glucose substrates. The significance of metabolic reprogramming is underscored by the disruption of glycolytic capacities in p107-depleted progenitors that reverted their fates from pro-thermogenic to white adipocytes. Moreover, the manipulation of glycolytic capacity on nonspecified embryonic and adult progenitors forced their beige fat commitment. These innovative findings introduce a new approach to increase pro-thermogenic adipocytes based on simply promoting aerobic glycolysis to manipulate nonspecified progenitor fate decisions.
Solution of the Hard Problem of Consciousness
Authors: Reinis S. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
According to our hypothesis presented here, the human mind is a process depending on interactions of masses of mainly cortical neurons connected by biochemical, electrical and quantum factors into a massive system. The consciousness is dependent on the additional communication between particles, in particular between electrons. The Pauli repulsive exchange mechanism and other communication mechanisms may be able to transform physical events into a subjective information.
How We Might Be Able to Understand the Brain
Authors: Josephson Brian D. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Current methodologies in the neurosciences have difficulty in accounting for complex phenomena such as language, which can however be quite well characterised in phenomenological terms. This paper addresses the issue of unifying the two approaches. We typically understand complicated systems in terms of a collection of models, each characterisable in principle within a formal system, it being possible to explain higher-level properties in terms of lower level ones by means of a series of inferences based on these models. We consider the nervous system to be a mechanism for implementing the demands of an appropriate collection of models, each concerned with some aspect of brain and behaviour, the observer mechanism of Baas playing an important role in matching model and behaviour in this context. The discussion expounds these ideas in detail, showing their potential utility in connection with real problems of brain and behaviour, important areas where the ideas can be applied including the development of higher levels of abstraction, and linguistic behaviour, as described in the works of Karmiloff-Smith and Jackendoff respectively.
Search Activity or Chaotic Activity in Dreams Vs. Wakefulness in Animals and Humans
Authors: Rotenberg Vadim S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSearch activity in the subsequent wakefulness is restored by the virtual activity in dreams based on the dominating DA brain system and this virtual activity is often chaotic. It is common for humans and animals. At the same time in wakefulness chaotic activity is not protective. It means that in dreams the activity by itself is more important than its belonging to the particular form. What is specific for humans is the polysemantic nature of human dreams based on the right hemisphere type of thinking that is solving the intra-psychic conflicts and overcomes repression as a particular human’s type of renunciation of search.
Profile of Neurocognitive Functioning in Adults Infected with HIV
Authors: Mukherjee Anindita , Karmakar Asmita , Dutta Payel , Kumar Dogra Atanu 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Since the very beginning of the course of infection, HIV enters into the CNS and it is reflected through neurological disorders. The aim of this study was to assess and subsequently compare the neurocognitive functioning of treatment-naive adults with HIV Stage I, II & peer control. Cross-sectional Case-control study design was followed. 22 adults (11 in stage I and 11 in stage II) with HIV infection and 11 adults as matched control were administered various standardised neuropsychological tests assessing cognitive functions like verbal fluency, executive functions, memory and visuo-spatial ability. Data were analysed by computing Kruskal Wallis one way ANOVA by ranks and post-hoc analysis (with the help of Mann Whitney U Test). Results showed that adults with HIV infected had poorer performance on most measures of memory functioning, visuo-spatial ability, verbal fluency and some measures of frontal lobe functioning in comparison to the matched peer control group. Those with stage II HIV had more compromised functions than those in stage I HIV in overall frontal lobe functioning along with inhibitory control, conceptualization, mental flexibility and sensitivity to interference.
Job Changing and the Decline in Long-Distance Migration in the United States
Authors: Molloy Raven , Smith Christopher L. , Wozniak Abigail 
Published: February 2017

AbstractInterstate migration in the United States has decreased steadily since the 1980s, but little is known about the causes of this decline. We show that declining migration is related to a concurrent secular decline in job changing. Neither trend is primarily due to observable demographic or socioeconomic factors. Rather, we argue that the decline in job changing has caused the decline in migration. After establishing a role for the labor market in declining migration, we turn to the question of why job changing has become less frequent over the past several decades. We find little support for several explanations, including the rise of dual-career households, the decline in middle-skill jobs, occupational licensing, and the need for employees to retain health insurance. Thus, the reasons for these dual trends remain opaque and should be explored further.
Type 1 diabetes, cognition and the neurologist: Exploring Go/No‐Go and Maze tasks in the search for a practical screening tool
Authors: Shinosaki Jullyanna S.M. , Rossini Joaquim C. , Jorge Maria Luiza P.M. , Macedo Lorena B.C. , Tannús Paulo J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimsThe objectives were to use inexpensive and easy‐to‐apply tasks in order to investigate the differences between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and controls regarding attention and impulsivity, which are the basis for key‐executive function components that are traditionally assessed using subjective, long and difficult to reproduce questionnaires. Additionally, we sought to correlate these differences with clinical characteristics, and to explore correlations between the tasks.MethodsWe compared the scores of 20 T1DM patients with 20 controls. The sample population included both males and females, aged 12–15 years. They were tested using a Go/No‐Go paradigm and a Maze task, and correlations were verified between the groups.ResultsThe T1DM group had more anticipatory answers (AA) in the Go/No‐Go task (p <0.05), and made more direction changes in Mazes (p<0.01). There was a correlation between non‐severe hypoglycemia and AA (p=0.01), as well as between severe hypoglycemia and the number of touches in Mazes’ walls (p<0.05). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)>9% correlated with a greater number of alleys in Mazes (p<0.05). The tasks’ parameters were coherent among each test, and also between them.ConclusionsWe found indicators of inattention and impulsivity to be associated with T1DM, with inattention being closely related with hyperglycemia, and impulsivity being associated with hypoglycemia. Further research is needed to study diabetes‐associated cognitive decline with more objective parameters, and to analyse the reliability and psychometric properties of the tasks proposed in this study.
Preferences of High Ability (Gifted) Students in Special and Mainstreamed Classes for Particular Teacher Characteristics
Authors: Williams Janet 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTDespite the critical importance of the teacher in any learning environment, there has been relatively little research into the characteristics of effective teachers of high ability (gifted) students. The majority of studies report the view of ‘experts’ rather than judgements made by the students themselves.In this study, a modified version of the Student Perception of Teachers (SPOT) rating scale was used to measure the relative importance to gifted students of personal-social, cognitive and classroom management characteristics of teachers.The sample consisted of two groups of high ability students in years 8,9 and 10 at government senior high schools in Western Australia. One group had been selected to participate in an academic extension programme and therefore the students were in special classes; the other consisted of students of similar ability, but attending the regular school programme.Similarities and differences in the preferences of the mainstreamed and special groups are outlined, and findings compared with the results of two similar studies carried out in lsrael and the USA, but using only students in special programmes.lmplications for the selection and training of teachers of high ability students are discussed.
Sponge-associated bacteria mineralize arsenic and barium on intracellular vesicles
Authors: Keren Ray , Mayzel Boaz , Lavy Adi , Polishchuk Iryna , Levy Davide , Fakra Sirine C. , Pokroy Boaz , Ilan Micha 
Published: February 2017

AbstractArsenic and barium are ubiquitous environmental toxins that accumulate in higher trophic-level organisms. Whereas metazoans have detoxifying organs to cope with toxic metals, sponges lack organs but harbour a symbiotic microbiome performing various functions. Here we examine the potential roles of microorganisms in arsenic and barium cycles in the spongeTheonella swinhoei, known to accumulate high levels of these metals. We show that a single sponge symbiotic bacterium,Entotheonellasp., constitutes the arsenic- and barium-accumulating entity within the host. These bacteria mineralize both arsenic and barium on intracellular vesicles. Our results indicate thatEntotheonellasp. may act as a detoxifying organ for its host.
Mutant Kras- and p16-regulated NOX4 activation overcomes metabolic checkpoints in development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ju Huai-Qiang , Ying Haoqiang , Tian Tian , Ling Jianhua , Fu Jie , Lu Yu , Wu Min , Yang Lifeng , Achreja Abhinav , Chen Gang , Zhuang Zhuonan , Wang Huamin , Nagrath Deepak , Yao Jun , Hung Mien-Chie , DePinho Ronald A. , Huang Peng , Xu Rui-Hua , Chiao Paul J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractKras activation and p16 inactivation are required to develop pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the biochemical mechanisms underlying these double alterations remain unclear. Here we discover that NAD(P)H oxidase 4 (NOX4), an enzyme known to catalyse the oxidation of NAD(P)H, is upregulated when p16 is inactivated by looking at gene expression profiling studies. Activation of NOX4 requires catalytic subunit p22phox, which is upregulated following Kras activation. Both alterations are also detectable in PDAC cell lines and patient specimens. Furthermore, we show that elevated NOX4 activity accelerates oxidation of NADH and supports increased glycolysis by generating NAD+, a substrate for GAPDH-mediated glycolytic reaction, promoting PDAC cell growth. Mechanistically, NOX4 was induced through p16-Rb-regulated E2F and p22phox was induced by KrasG12V-activated NF-κB. In conclusion, we provide a biochemical explanation for the cooperation between p16 inactivation and Kras activation in PDAC development and suggest that NOX4 is a potential therapeutic target for PDAC.
Identifying electron transfer coordinates in donor-bridge-acceptor systems using mode projection analysis
Authors: Yang Xunmo , Keane Theo , Delor Milan , Meijer Anthony J. H. M. , Weinstein Julia , Bittner Eric R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe report upon an analysis of the vibrational modes that couple and drive the state-to-state electronic transfer branching ratios in a model donor-bridge-acceptor system consisting of a phenothiazine-based donor linked to a naphthalene-monoimide acceptor via a platinum-acetylide bridging unit. Our analysis is based upon an iterative Lanczos search algorithm that finds superpositions of vibronic modes that optimize the electron/nuclear coupling using input from excited-state quantum chemical methods. Our results indicate that the electron transfer reaction coordinates between a triplet charge-transfer state and lower lying charge-separated and localized excitonic states are dominated by asymmetric and symmetric modes of the acetylene groups on either side of the central atom in this system. In particular, we find that while a nearly symmetric mode couples both the charge-separation and charge-recombination transitions more or less equally, the coupling along an asymmetric mode is far greater suggesting that IR excitation of the acetylene modes preferentially enhances charge-recombination transition relative to charge-separation.
ZnO nanoparticles act as supportive therapy in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by maintaining gut homeostasis and activating Nrf2 signaling
Authors: Li Jinquan , Chen Hanqing , Wang Bing , Cai Chengxu , Yang Xu , Chai Zhifang , Feng Weiyue 
Published: February 2017

AbstractInflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are widespread inflammatory diseases that cause debilitating health problems including cancer. In this study, we show that ZnO nanoparticle (ZnONP) treatment has markedly dose-dependent effects on the remission of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. We demonstrate the mechanism involves the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities of ZnONPs to suppress ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) production; increase GSH level; suppress proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α and myeloperoxidase (MPO). The ZnONP treatment is able to activate the Nrf2 pathway in the cellular antioxidant defense system. The novel finding is that ZnONP combined with mesalazine (5-ASA) can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of 5-ASA in the treatment of DSS-induced colitis. Lastly, we found that ZnONP treatment can restore the changes in special colonic bacteria of DSS-mice while the drug 5-ASA cannot. These results indicate that ZnONPs can act as a medical additive for the therapy of IBD.
Quantum control of spin-nematic squeezing in a dipolar spin-1 condensate
Authors: Huang Yixiao , Xiong Heng-Na , Yang Yang , Hu Zheng-Da , Xi Zhengjun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVersatile controllability of interactions and magnetic field in ultracold atomic gases ha now reached an era where spin mixing dynamics and spin-nematic squeezing can be studied. Recent experiments have realized spin-nematic squeezed vacuum and dynamic stabilization following a quench through a quantum phase transition. Here we propose a scheme for storage of maximal spin-nematic squeezing, with its squeezing angle maintained in a fixed direction, in a dipolar spin-1 condensate by applying a microwave pulse at a time that maximal squeezing occurs. The dynamic stabilization of the system is achieved by manipulating the external periodic microwave pulses. The stability diagram for the range of pulse periods and phase shifts that stabilize the dynamics is numerical simulated and agrees with a stability analysis. Moreover, the stability range coincides well with the spin-nematic vacuum squeezed region which indicates that the spin-nematic squeezed vacuum will never disappear as long as the spin dynamics are stabilized.
Epitopes of anti-RIFIN antibodies and characterization of rif-expressing Plasmodium falciparum parasites by RNA sequencing
Authors: Ch’ng Jun-Hong , Sirel Madle , Zandian Arash , del Pilar Quintana Maria , Chun Leung Chan Sherwin , Moll Kirsten , Tellgren-Roth Asa , Nilsson IngMarie , Nilsson Peter , Qundos Ulrika , Wahlgren Mats 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVariable surface antigens of Plasmodium falciparum have been a major research focus since they facilitate parasite sequestration and give rise to deadly malaria complications. Coupled with its potential use as a vaccine candidate, the recent suggestion that the repetitive interspersed families of polypeptides (RIFINs) mediate blood group A rosetting and influence blood group distribution has raised the research profile of these adhesins. Nevertheless, detailed investigations into the functions of this highly diverse multigene family remain hampered by the limited number of validated reagents. In this study, we assess the specificities of three promising polyclonal anti-RIFIN antibodies that were IgG-purified from sera of immunized animals. Their epitope regions were mapped using a 175,000-peptide microarray holding overlapping peptides of the P. falciparum variable surface antigens. Through immunoblotting and immunofluorescence imaging, we show that different antibodies give varying results in different applications/assays. Finally, we authenticate the antibody-based detection of RIFINs in two previously uncharacterized non-rosetting parasite lines by identifying the dominant rif transcripts using RNA sequencing.
Spray-drying process preserves the protective capacity of a breast milk-derived Bifidobacterium lactis strain on acute and chronic colitis in mice
Authors: Burns Patricia , Alard Jeanne , Hrdỳ Jiri , Boutillier Denise , Páez Roxana , Reinheimer Jorge , Pot Bruno , Vinderola Gabriel , Grangette Corinne 
Published: February 2017

AbstractGut microbiota dysbiosis plays a central role in the development and perpetuation of chronic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and therefore is key target for interventions with high quality and functional probiotics. The local production of stable probiotic formulations at limited cost is considered an advantage as it reduces transportation cost and time, thereby increasing the effective period at the consumer side. In the present study, we compared the anti-inflammatory capacities of theBifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactis (B. lactis) INL1, a probiotic strain isolated in Argentina from human breast milk, with the commercial strainB. animalissubsp.lactisBB12. The impact of spray-drying, a low-cost alternative of bacterial dehydration, on the functionality of both bifidobacteria was also investigated. We showed for both bacteria that the spray-drying process did not impact on bacterial survival nor on their protective capacities against acute and chronic colitis in mice, opening future perspectives for the use of strain INL1 in populations with IBD.
Micro RNAs and DNA methylation are regulatory players in human cells with altered X chromosome to autosome balance
Authors: Rajpathak Shriram N. , Deobagkar Deepti D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe gene balance hypothesis predicts that an imbalance in the dosage sensitive genes affects the cascade of gene networks that may influence the fitness of individuals. The phenotypes associated with chromosomal aneuploidies demonstrate the importance of gene dosage balance. We have employed untransformed human fibroblast cells with different number of X chromosomes to assess the expression of miRNAs and autosomal genes in addition to the DNA methylation status. High throughput NGS analysis using illumina Next seq500 has detected several autosomal as well as X linked miRNAs as differentially expressed in X monosomy and trisomy cells. Two of these miRNAs (hsa-miR-125a-5p and 335-5p) are likely to be involved in regulation of the autosomal gene expression. Additionally, our data demonstrates altered expression and DNA methylation signatures of autosomal genes in X monosomy and trisomy cells. In addition to miRNAs, expression of DNMT1 which is an important epigenetic player involved in many processes including cancer, is seen to be altered. Overall, present study provides a proof for regulatory roles of micro RNAs and DNA methylation in human X aneuploidy cells opening up possible new ways for designing therapeutic strategies.
Variability in sea ice cover and climate elicit sex specific responses in an Antarctic predator
Authors: Labrousse Sara , Sallée Jean-Baptiste , Fraser Alexander D. , Massom Rob A. , Reid Phillip , Hobbs William , Guinet Christophe , Harcourt Robert , McMahon Clive , Authier Matthieu , Bailleul Frédéric , Hindell Mark A. , Charrassin Jean-Benoit 
Published: February 2017

AbstractContrasting regional changes in Southern Ocean sea ice have occurred over the last 30 years with distinct regional effects on ecosystem structure and function. Quantifying how Antarctic predators respond to such changes provides the context for predicting how climate variability/change will affect these assemblages into the future. Over an 11-year time-series, we examine how inter-annual variability in sea ice concentration and advance affect the foraging behaviour of a top Antarctic predator, the southern elephant seal. Females foraged longer in pack ice in years with greatest sea ice concentration and earliest sea ice advance, while males foraged longer in polynyas in years of lowest sea ice concentration. There was a positive relationship between near-surface meridional wind anomalies and female foraging effort, but not for males. This study reveals the complexities of foraging responses to climate forcing by a poleward migratory predator through varying sea ice property and dynamic anomalies.
Bio-inspired benchmark generator for extracellular multi-unit recordings
Authors: Mondragón-González Sirenia Lizbeth , Burguière Eric 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe analysis of multi-unit extracellular recordings of brain activity has led to the development of numerous tools, ranging from signal processing algorithms to electronic devices and applications. Currently, the evaluation and optimisation of these tools are hampered by the lack of ground-truth databases of neural signals. These databases must be parameterisable, easy to generate and bio-inspired, i.e. containing features encountered in real electrophysiological recording sessions. Towards that end, this article introduces an original computational approach to create fully annotated and parameterised benchmark datasets, generated from the summation of three components: neural signals from compartmental models and recorded extracellular spikes, non-stationary slow oscillations, and a variety of different types of artefacts. We present three application examples. (1) We reproduced in-vivo extracellular hippocampal multi-unit recordings from either tetrode or polytrode designs. (2) We simulated recordings in two different experimental conditions: anaesthetised and awake subjects. (3) Last, we also conducted a series of simulations to study the impact of different level of artefacts on extracellular recordings and their influence in the frequency domain. Beyond the results presented here, such a benchmark dataset generator has many applications such as calibration, evaluation and development of both hardware and software architectures.