bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESR Essentials: advanced MR safety in vulnerable patients—practice recommendations by the European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology
Authors: Santini Francesco , Pansini Michele , Deligianni Xeni , Caligiuri Maria Eugenia , Oei Edwin H. G. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For every patient, the MR safety evaluation should include the assessment of risks in three key areas, each corresponding to a specific hazard posed by the electromagnetic fields generated by the MR scanner: ferromagnetic attraction and displacement by the static field; stimulation, acoustic noise, and device interaction by the gradient fields; and bulk and focal heating by the radiofrequency field. MR safety guidelines and procedures are typically designed around the “average” patient: adult, responsive, and of typical habitus. For this type of patient, we can safely expect that a detailed history can identify metallic objects inside and outside the body, verbal contact during the scan can detect signs of discomfort from heating or acoustic noise, and safety calculations performed by the scanner can prevent hyperthermia. However, for some less common patient categories, these assumptions do not hold. For instance, patients with larger habitus, febrile patients, or pregnant people are more subject to bulk heating and require more conservative MR protocols, while at the same time presenting challenges during positioning and preparation. Other vulnerable categories are infants, children, and patients unable to communicate, who might require screening for ferromagnetic objects with other imaging modalities or dedicated equipment. This paper will provide guidance to implement appropriate safety margins in the workflow and scanning protocols in various vulnerable patient categories that are sometimes overlooked in basic MR safety guidance documents.

Clinical relevance statement
Special care in the implementation of MR safety procedures is of paramount importance in the handling of patients. While most institutions have streamlined operations in place, some vulnerable patient categories require specific considerations to obtain images of optimal quality while minimizing the risks derived by exposure to the MR environment.

Key Points

Patients unable to effectively communicate need to be carefully screened for foreign objects.

Core temperature management is important in specific patient categories.

There are no hard quantitative criteria that make a patient fall into a specific vulnerable category. Protocols and procedures need to be adaptable.
Unraveling the mechanisms of high-level gait control in functional gait disorders
Authors: Sandri Angela , Bonetto Chiara , Fiorio Mirta , Salaorni Francesca , Bonardi Giulia , Geroin Christian , Smania Nicola , Tinazzi Michele , Gandolfi Marialuisa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Functional gait disorders (FGDs) are a disabling subset of Functional Neurological Disorders in which presenting symptoms arise from altered high-level motor control. The dual-task paradigm can be used to investigate mechanisms of high-level gait control. The study aimed to determine the objective measures of gait that best discriminate between individuals with FGDs and healthy controls and the relationship with disease severity and duration. High-level spatiotemporal gait outcomes were analyzed in 87 patients with FGDs (79.3% women, average age 41.9±14.7 years) and 48 healthy controls (60.4% women, average age 41.9±15.7 years) on single and motor, cognitive, and visual-fixation dual tasks. The area under the curve (AUC) from the receiver operator characteristic plot and the dual-task effect (DTE) were calculated for each measure. Dual-task interference on the top single-task gait characteristics was determined by two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Stride time variability and its standard deviation (SD) failed to discriminate between the two groups in single and dual-task conditions (AUC<0.80 for all). Significant group x task interactions were observed for swing time SD and stride time on the cognitive dual tasks (p<0.035 for all). Longer disease duration was associated with poor gait performance and unsteadiness in motor and cognitive DTE (p<0.003) but improvement in stride length and swing time on the visual dual tasks (p<0.041). Our preliminary findings shed light on measures of gait automaticity as a diagnostic and prognostic gait biomarker and underline the importance of early diagnosis and management in individuals with FGDs.
Topiramate-induced bilateral acute angle-closure attack
Authors: Pattinger Christina , Rauchegger Teresa , Teuchner Barbara 
Published: September 2024

Summary
Background
Topiramate, a sulfonamide-derived drug, is not only approved as an anticonvulsant but also for migraine prophylaxis. Ocular side effects are rare.

Case presentation
The case of a 25-year-old woman with bilateral topiramate-induced angle-closure attack is presented. Clinical findings included elevated intraocular pressure, reduced anterior chamber depth, iridotrabecular contact, thickening of the lens, forward displacement of the iris–lens diaphragm, myopic shift and uveal effusion. Non-invasive techniques such as anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) and B‑scan ultrasonography were used to confirm the diagnosis. Under discontinuation of topiramate, aqueous suppressants, cycloplegia and corticosteroids, symptoms and findings were reversible.

Conclusion and importance
The aim is to raise awareness of possible side effects of topiramate among ophthalmologists and neurologists in order to avoid permanent visual impairment due to delayed diagnosis and treatment.
Detecting violations of the monotonicity condition under the assumption of weak disposability in eco-DEA models
Authors: Schnabl Alexander 
Published: September 2024

AbstractData envelopment analysis (DEA) was originally developed to evaluate entities (firms, regions, countries, etc.) that carry out production processes in which multiple inputs are converted into multiple outputs and for which prices as a valuation system are (partially) unavailable. Subsequent developed DEA models also consider the undesirable outputs (“bads”) of production. The most prevalent approach that incorporates bads into these models is the assumption of their weak disposability. One drawback of this approach is the potential violation of the monotonicity condition, a violation that could lead to possible misclassifications of efficient and inefficient units and incorrect efficiency values. Unlike with other constraints in DEA, equations represent weak disposability. As is generally known, the shadow prices in the dual program can accept any sign and can also be negative. If the bads increase, the eco-efficiency value also increases, with negative associated shadow prices. This implausible phenomenon is examined, including the (economic) conditions that facilitate its occurrence; the data structure that depends on the relations between inputs, outputs, and bads; and its implications for the presentation of eco-DEA models and their outcomes. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that these models are related to the more-for-less paradox in linear programming in specific instances. Sufficient conditions for identifying units for which this phenomenon occurs are presented. This study further demonstrates that, under the weak disposability assumption, the efficiency frontier changes with the orientation of the DEA model, in contrast to the standard DEA models; this result is also applicable to detecting such units.
Decoding pediatric spinal tumors: a single-center retrospective case series on etiology, presentation, therapeutic strategies, and outcomes
Authors: Lenga Pavlina , Kühlwein Daniel , Grutza Martin , Issa Mohammed , Hinz Felix , Sahm Felix , Selt Florian , Milde Till , Günther Patrick , Unterberg Andreas W. , Krieg Sandro M. , Damaty Ahmed El 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Spinal tumors (ST) often result in dire prognosis, carrying risks such as permanent paralysis, sensory loss, and sphincter dysfunction. Data on their incidence and etiology in pediatric populations are markedly scant. Our study investigates the etiology, clinical manifestation, treatment, and outcomes of pediatric ST.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of our institutional pediatric oncology and neurosurgery database, examining 14 patients under 18 years admitted with ST due to oncological diseases since 2005. We analyzed the clinical presentations, evaluations, molecular diagnostics and treatments for these patients.

Results
The study spanned 15 years and included 14 pediatric patients, each diagnosed with distinct spinal tumor entity. The mean patient age was approximately 19.6 ± 10.1 months. Severe axial pain along the vertebral column was observed in 13 patients, while acute neurological deterioration manifested in 7 patients. As a first-line intervention, 13 patients underwent decompressive surgery through laminectomy and tumor resection, and only one patient received chemotherapy solely. Before surgery, seven patients were unable to walk; post-surgery, six of them regained their ability to ambulate. The diagnosis encompassed a range of neoplasms: two instances of Ewing sarcoma, 3 instances of teratoma, one case presenting an atypical teratoid Rhabdoid tumor, two instances each of low-grade astrocytoma and neuroblastoma, and single instances of ependymoma, meningioma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMRs). Three patients succumbed two years after initiating therapy.

Conclusion
Despite their rarity, intraspinal tumors in pediatric patients pose substantial therapeutic challenges. The intertwined complexities of the disease entity and the patient’s neurological status demand swift initiation of an individualized therapeutic strategy. This crucial step helps optimize outcomes for this patient cohort, who frequently grapple with debilitating health conditions. Inclusion of these patients within a registry is mandatory to optimize treatment outcomes due to their rarity in pediatric population.
Data-driven inverse dynamics modeling using neural-networks and regression-based techniques
Authors: Pikuliński Maciej , Malczyk Paweł , Aarts Ronald 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis research proposes a novel approach for the residual modeling of inverse dynamics employed to control a real robotic device. Specifically, we use techniques based on linear regression for residual modeling while a nominal model is discovered by physics-informed neural networks such as the Lagrangian Neural Network and the Feedforward Neural Network. We introduce an efficient online learning mechanism for the residual models that utilizes rank-one updates based on the Sherman–Morrison formula. This enables faster adaptation and updates to effects not captured by the neural networks. While the time complexity of updating the model is comparable to other successful learning methods, the method excels in prediction complexity, which depends solely on the model dimension. We propose two online learning strategies: a weighted approach that gradually diminishes the influence of past measurements on the model, and a windowed approach that sharply excludes the oldest data from impacting the model. We explore the relationship between these strategies, offering recommendations for parameter selection and practical application. Special attention is given to optimizing the computation time of the weighted approach when recomputation techniques are implemented, which results in comparable or even lower execution times of the weighted controller than the windowed one. Additionally, we assess other methods, such as the Woodbury identity, QR decomposition, and Cholesky decomposition, which can be implicitly used to update the model. We empirically validate our approach using real data from a 2-degrees-of-freedom flexible manipulator, demonstrating consistent improvements in feedforward controller performance.
Development of an identification method for the minimal set of inertial parameters of a multibody system
Authors: Homma T. , Yamaura H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe inertial properties of an object (mass, center of gravity, and inertia tensor) are fundamental parameters that considerably affect the accuracy of motion control and simulation results. Therefore, an accurate identification of inertial properties is crucial. All inertial properties of individual links modeled with multiple links cannot be identified via link motion, interjoint torque, or external force data because they are redundant to the multibody dynamics model. The minimum dynamic parameters necessary to represent the multibody dynamics model have been defined and identified. These dynamic parameters are obtained by combining the geometric parameters and inertial properties of the counterpart elements and are called the minimal set of inertial parameters (MSIP). Conventional identification methods use a set of measured link motions and ground reaction forces. MSIP for a sagittal plane can be identified from motions such as the walking motion of human bodies. However, applying these methods to three-dimensional identification is challenging. The primary difficulty lies in the large number of parameters involved, making it challenging to find motions that appropriately excite all MSIP in three dimensions to be identified. In this study, a new method for identifying the MSIP of a multibody system is developed by expanding and applying the identification method based on free vibration measurements, which is the identification method for the inertial properties of a single body. This method shows that MSIP for three dimensions can be identified theoretically and experimentally with high accuracy via considerably simple motion measurements.
Statistical assessment of digital transformation in European Union countries under sustainable development goal 9
Authors: Fura Barbara , Karasek Aneta , Hysa Beata 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe pivotal role of digital transformation (DT) in contemporary socio-economic development cannot be overstated. This crucial aspect is highlighted in the Agenda 2030, specifically in goal 9 among the 17 objectives. This article presents the results of a study assessing the level of DT in industry, innovation, and infrastructure in the 27 European Union (EU) countries in 2015 and 2020. Central to this study is the proposition of an aggregated Digital Transformation Assessment Indicator (DTAI), serving as a metric to gauge the progression of EU member states. Utilizing this indicator, the article assesses the advancement status of EU countries and orchestrates a comparative ranking of their achievements in fulfilling Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 9 between 2015 and 2020. Moreover, a classification of countries into analogous groups based on this criterion for both periods is provided. The DTAI is prepared following the methodology of the linear ordering of objects—countries of the EU 27. The zero unitarization method (ZUM) is used as the main ordering method. To compare the results obtained, the DTAI value and classifications of countries in 2015, and 2020, are also presented using Hellwig’s pattern development method. The findings of this investigation underscore the variances existing among the EU 27 nations concerning the implementation of SDG 9. Furthermore, notable fluctuations in ranking positions are also observed. The research outcomes underscore significant challenges in DT implementation, particularly within Central, Eastern, and Southern European nations. The utilized research methodology bears substantial implications for the effective realization of the 2030 Agenda and its corresponding SDGs, both at the individual nation-state level and within the broader framework of the EU.
Freizeitverhalten von Medizinstudierenden
Authors: Kühhirt Anne , Götz Katja , Grienitz Katharina , Steinhäuser Jost 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Das Freizeitverhalten hat für Mediziner*innen einen wichtigen Einfluss auf die Lebensplanung und die psychische Gesundheit. Ein positives Freizeitverhalten stärkt die Resilienz. Damit kann Burnout und Depression entgegenwirkt werden. Wie (lange) der Beruf als Arzt oder Ärztin ausgeübt wird, kann somit beeinflusst werden. Wie gestalten zukünftige Ärzt*innen ihre Freizeit? Spielt sie eine Rolle in der Frage für eine Tätigkeit im ländlichen Raum?

Methode
Nach Literaturrecherche, Ergebnissen einer Vorstudie und Erfahrungen der Autoren wurde ein Fragebogen zum Thema Freizeitverhalten erstellt. Dieser wurde von 11/2020 bis 03/2021 per Online-Befragung an Medizinstudierende in Deutschland gesendet. Neben einer deskriptiven Analyse wurden die Einflussfaktoren durch eine binäre Regressionsanalyse auf den Ort des geplanten Praktizierens basierend auf dem Statistikprogramm SPSS 27.0 berechnet.

Ergebnisse
Aus 23 medizinischen Fakultäten nahmen 1553 Studierende (61 % weiblich, Alter [Mittelwert (MW)]: 24 [Standardabweichung [SD] 4,1] Jahre, Semester [MW]: 6,4 [SD 3,2]) an der Umfrage teil. Ländlich zu praktizieren konnten sich 21,0 % (n = 331) der Teilnehmenden vorstellen. Besuche von Restaurants, Freunden oder Fitnessstudios fanden wesentlich häufiger statt als Theater‑, Opern- oder Kinobesuche. Die Bereitschaft, Zeit für verschiedene Freizeitaktivitäten zu investieren war sehr hoch, angeführt davon, sich mit Freunden zu treffen. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit sich ländlich niederzulassen war mit Merkmalen wie geringere Restaurant- oder Kinobesuche (Odds Ratio [OR] 0,78; 95%-Konfidenzintervall [KI] 0,66; 0,95 bzw. OR 0,69; 95 %-KI 0,55; 0,86) assoziiert.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die Ergebnisse liefern wichtige Hinweise für die Nachwuchsgewinnung im ländlichen Raum und können für die Förderung und den Erhalt der psychischen Gesundheit beitragen. Bei den Strategien gegen den Landarztmangel wird das Freizeitangebot als Entscheidungsfaktor überschätzt.
New constructions of MSRD codes
Authors: Martínez-Peñas Umberto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, we provide four methods for constructing new maximum sum-rank distance (MSRD) codes. The first method, a variant of cartesian products, allows faster decoding than known MSRD codes of the same parameters. The other three methods allow us to extend or modify existing MSRD codes in order to obtain new explicit MSRD codes for sets of matrix sizes (numbers of rows and columns in different blocks) that were not attainable by previous constructions. In this way, we show that MSRD codes exist (by giving explicit constructions) for new ranges of parameters, in particular with different numbers of rows and columns at different positions.
Travel counsellors’ perspectives on AI assistance
Authors: Baumgartner Marco , Kopp Tobias , Kick Elena , Richter Dennis , Kinkel Steffen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractResearch on AI in the context of travel counselling has mainly focused on increasing the efficiency and level of automation of online travel bookings. However, AI solutions can also be used in the context of offline travel counselling, i.e., face-to-face counselling at a travel agency service desk. In this specific application domain, AI has the potential to change personal interaction between counsellors and clients in different ways. In order to design AI solutions to enrich personal interaction, research on the specific requirements of counsellors, customers, and other relevant stakeholders in the context of AI-assisted offline travel counselling is needed. Human-centered design (HCD) is a promising approach to investigate and incorporate these perspectives on the course of the AI design process. In this paper, we present our approach of applying HCD elements to deepen the understanding of the context of use, to specify user requirements, and to find potential design solutions for a real-world use case of AI assistance in offline travel counselling. In addition, we highlight the key findings and insights regarding travel counsellors’ perspectives and requirements on possible AI adoption, showing that they are primarily open to AI-based innovations, but also have some concerns about the devaluation of the counselling profession. Further, we critically discuss additional design elements that would be needed for human-centered AI design in an ambitious sense.Practical Relevance: The findings are of high practical relevance as they demonstrate how HCD principles can be applied to real-life use cases, which aim to introduce human-AI interaction in work domains. At the same time, our findings provide valuable insights for practitioners into the specific work environment of offline travel counsellors.
The role of Self-Help Groups in strengthening resilience amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from India
Authors: Sinha Debashree , Chattopadhyay Aparajita 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSelf-Help Groups (SHGs), the credit based voluntary groups in India are widely known for their potential to alleviate poverty and empower women. This research article explores a lesser-known theme. It tries to analyze the possibility of utilizing the current SHG model of the Indian Government to build and strengthen resilience of the SHG members in case of an external shock like financial stress, food insecurity, dispute in home for joining SHG, and difficulty to repay loan amidst lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This article also focuses on their coping mechanisms and attitude towards these crises. By utilizing primary data collected from 320 SHG members in one of the aspirational districts in West Bengal, India, the present paper tries to fulfill its objective. It provides a comprehensive understanding of the problems faced by the SHG members by combining both quantitative and qualitative techniques. The findings reveal that from organizing vocational trainings to relaxing loan repayment, SHGs and its women members overcame various adversities with tenacity, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the study findings, it is reasonable to conclude that the current SHG model in India presents a promising avenue for enhancing the resilience of its members in the face of external shocks.
Development of TRACER: A Translational Research Accomplishments Cataloguer for Clinical and Translational Science Award hub activity tracking, evaluation, and decision-making
Authors: Sperling Jessica , Quenstedt Stella , Leiro Anthony , Muhigaba Perusi B. , McClernon F. Joseph 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Organizations supporting translational research and translational science, including Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) hubs, provide a diverse and often changing array of resources, support, and services to a myriad of researchers and research efforts. While a wide-ranging scope of programs is essential to the advancement of translational research and science, it also complicates a systematic and unified process for tracking activities, studying research processes, and examining impact. To overcome these challenges, the Duke University School of Medicine’s CTSA hub created a data platform, Translational Research Accomplishment Cataloguer (TRACER), that provides capacity to enhance strategic decision-making, impact assessment, and equitable resource distribution. This article reviews TRACER development processes, provides an overview of the TRACER platform, addresses challenges in the development process, and describes avenues for addressing or overcoming these challenges. TRACER development allowed our hub to conceptually identify key processes and goals within programs and linkages between programs, and it sets the stage for advancing evidence-based improvement across our hub. This platform development provides key insight into facilitators that can inform other initiatives seeking to collect and align organizational data for strategic decision-making and impact assessment. TRACER or similar platforms are additionally well positioned to advance the study of translational science.