bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Molybdenum on the Microstructures of As-Cast Fe-B Alloys and Their Corrosion Resistance in Molten Zinc
Authors: Ouyang Xuemei , Chen Guopeng , Yin Fucheng , Liu Ye , Zhao Manxiu 
Published: April 2017

The effect of Mo on the microstructure of as-cast Fe-3.5 B alloys and their corrosion behavior in molten zinc have been investigated. Experimental results show that the as-cast Fe-B alloys with molybdenum addition are mainly composed of α-Fe, Fe2B, FeMo2B2, and metastable Fe3B phases. Corrosion tests show that the Fe-3.5 B alloy with 8.0 wt% added molybdenum has the highest corrosion resistance in molten zinc mainly because the alloy still maintains the reticular structure of boride and improves its thermal stability. When the molybdenum content exceeds 8.0 wt%, the τ-FeMo2B2 + α-Fe eutectic microstructure destroys the reticular structure of the Fe2B phase, leading to reduction in the corrosion resistance of the as-cast Fe-B alloys. Four kinds of corrosion products (δp, δk, ζ, and FeB) were found in the corrosion layers. The corrosion mechanism of Fe-3.5 B alloys with various added molybdenum contents includes the following processes: the preferential corrosion of α-(Fe, Mo), the formation of typical Fe-Zn compounds, the transformation of (Fe, Mo)3B and (Fe, Mo)2B into FeB, and the spalling of borides. The diffusion of molybdenum in the solid matrix cannot occur in the corrosion process. The corrosion depth of the corrosion layer did not follow a parabolic relationship strictly, maybe it caused by the spalling of the corrosion layer under the attack of the liquid zinc. The corrosion process is mainly controlled by the diffusion of liquid zinc atoms.
Genome-wide QTL mapping results for regional DXA body composition and bone mineral density traits in pigs
Authors: Rothammer Sophie , Bernau Maren , Kremer-Rücker Prisca V. , Medugorac Ivica , Scholz Armin M. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. In a previous study, genome-wide mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for five body composition traits, three bone mineral traits and live weight was performed using whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) data. Since QTL for bone mineral traits were rare, the current study aimed to clarify whether the mapping results were influenced by the analysed body regions. Thus, the same material (551 pigs) and methods as in the whole-body QTL mapping study were used. However, for evaluation of the DXA scans, we manually defined two body regions: (i) from the last ribs to the pelvis (A) and (ii) including the pelvis and the hind limbs (P). Since live weight was not affected by the regional analysis, it was omitted from the QTL mapping design. Our results show an overall high consistency of mapping results especially for body composition traits. Two thirds of the initial whole-body QTL are significant for both A and P. Possible causes for the still low number of bone mineral QTL and the lower consistency found for these traits are discussed. For body composition traits, the data presented here show high genome-wide Pearson correlations between mapping results that are based on DXA scans with the time-saving whole-body standard setting and mapping results for DXA data that were obtained by time-consuming manual definition of the regions of interest. However, our results also suggest that whole-body or regional DXA scans might generally be less suitable for mapping of bone mineral traits in pigs. An analysis of single reference bones could be more useful.
Misaligned Versus Straight Placement of Anterior Cervical Plates: A Clinical and Radiologic Outcomes Study
Authors: Chin Kingsley R. , Pencle Fabio J.R. , Francis Shannon D. , Francis Chloe A. , Seale Jason A. , Hothem Elijah A. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
In anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion (ACDF), misaligned plates are concerning because of the risk of screw-and-plate failure; however, these plates also hypothetically have the potential for asymmetric micromotion on the facet and uncovertebral joint. The aim of this study was to determine whether misaligned plate placement during ACDF had clinical benefits compared with straight plate placement.

Methods:
Postoperative AP radiographs of 128 consecutive patients who underwent ACDF with anterior cervical plate (ACP) fixation were reviewed, and plate alignment was assessed. Patients were separated into control group 1 (straight plates) or group 2 (misaligned plates).

Results:
The mean age of patients was 51.5 ± 0.9 years, and women represented 51% of the total population. There was no significant difference between groups with regard to the preoperative visual analog scale (VAS) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) scores (P = 0.744 and P = 0.943, respectively). At 6 weeks postoperatively, the VAS scores for group 1 decreased from 7.6 ± 0.2 to 4.0 ± 0.2 compared with the scores in group 2, which decreased from 7.7 ± 0.2 to 2.1 ± 0.1, which demonstrated statistical significance (P = 0.019). At 2-year follow-up, no significant difference was demonstrated between the groups’ VAS and NDI scores (P = 0.670 and P = 0.266).

Conclusion:
Misaligned plates have increased torsional strength and are associated with better clinical outcomes compared with those of straight plates in the early postoperative period. After fusion, no significant difference in clinical outcomes between the groups was noted, which may reduce the concerns regarding misaligned plates.

Level of Evidence:
Retrospective comparative study
Dyslexia and Enhanced Visuospatial Ability: A Maltese Study
Authors: Martinelli Victor , Fenech Deidre 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the issue of adolescent learners with dyslexia and their visuospatial ability. There is a substantial body of findings in educational and psychological literature suggesting that individuals with dyslexia are likely to have high levels of visuospatial ability. A group of 38 thirteen-year-old male and female bilingual (Maltese and English) students who were ethnically Maltese and clinically registered as having dyslexia, participated in this study. They were recruited from secondary schools from a number of regions on the island of Malta and were considered to be representative of the wider population of similarly affected peers of their age. The research group was matched for age, sex, ethnicity and ability with another group of 38 peers who were average readers in English and who came from the same classes as the research group. Both groups completed a Maltese standardised English reading comprehension test to confirm their status as weak and competent readers respectively. They then completed a published paper-and-pencil test of visuospatial reasoning and an interactive, computer-based virtual reality test based on a similar test described in published literature (Bungalow Test). In general, males tended to outperform females but this was only statistically significant in one of the many measures they completed. No consistent and statistically significant differences were evident between the groups on the wide array of visuospatial measures administered. The findings suggest that in the groups studied, adolescent learners with dyslexia possessed similar visuospatial skills as their average peers.
Performance and Its Impact on Employee Motivation of “Osumi” Business Company
Authors: Tanku Gaqo , Tanku Piro 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is the importance of performance apraisal in motivating employees of “Osumi” Bussines Company (for private reasons the name is not the real name). Performance evaluation regarded as one of the priority competitive elements for sustainable development. Already it accepted the simple fact that the performance management process adopted by managers, but also it is importance the assistance to employees in this process. In this way, it becomes possible not only the assessment of business management, but on the other hand the management of individual performance of each members of the organization. This paper contains the results and key findings. They are presented in the form of statistical data, which provided concrete results and recommended further measures.
Emerging Challenges in Nigerian Teaching Profession: Way Forward
Authors: Idowu Oke, Tolutope , Olanrewaju Ogundele, Michael , Muhammad Mainoma, Hauwa’u 
Published: April 2017

Abstracts
The paper examined the emerging challenges in Nigerian Teaching profession and way forward. The issues relating to the Teaching Professions, Concepts and the features of a Profession as compare to the teaching in Nigeria are also discussed. The Emerging challenges as discussed in this paper are; Poor Teachers’ Salary Structure and Other Remunerations, Deteriorating condition of resources allocation for enhance Teaching-Learning process, Differential Categorization of Teachers, Discriminative Political Interference and Low Degree of Autonomy is Accorded Teaching Profession and solutions were also suggested. It was however concluded that teaching Profession should be accorded high respect through adequate motivation, capacity buildings and ranked similarly with other Professions in Nigeria.
Consumption of Politic Parties, in the Areas Where the Same Party Has Governed (Strongholds)
Authors: Bejko Erindi 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Political parties in Albania on several occasions during the past two decades have won the election in certain areas over 3 times in a row. While victory and governance of the same area, for sure creates a margin consumption which has affected the dynamics of the bastions at least in the recent national election. Parties are consumed in their strongholds if they decide the same candidates, either as a political force. In the focus of this article, will be the consuming steps of political parties in their stronghold areas, either reflecting the fall results during the election process. Will we have a final rupture in Albania consumption bastions of political parties and how would be the future of dynamic bastion, will be the question of this article scientific research. A fracture would have strongholds in shqipare perfuindimtare the consumption of political parties and how will be the future of dynamics will be bastions of this artikulil question scientific research. Bastion’s consumption occurs mainly from major political forces on the left if either of right on the study will be taken 4 constituencies which voted for the same party in three elections one by one. In our focus will be general elections, not local elections.
Possible Capture of Votes Fraud in 2015 Local Election in Albania
Authors: Bërdufi Dorina 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The paper concentration is on the number of votes each political party acquired in the 2015 local elections. A constant debate and dispute is performed regarding vote counting manipulating, such as vote steeling, uncounted votes, corruption of vote counters, vote buying etc. Thus, statistical calculation on 2015 national results are subject of first digit Benford’s Law application. The result shows that all first digit number groups of parties′ normal distribution rate of votes do not correlate to the 1BL distribution rate. It is clear that there have been a probable vote fraud/manipulation in this election. Out of three main political parties of Albania, being also parliamentary ones, only one the Socialist Party shows lost vote’s number in the group it belongs. Instead the Socialist Movement for Integration and Democratic Party show an increasing one.
Evolution of the Albanian Constitution
Authors: Jeha Ilda , Cabiri Ylli 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The history of Albanian Constitutions dates back in April 1914 with the Statute of Albania drafted by a National Committee of that time. The new Albanian Constitution was adopted by the Parliament 18 years ago and confirmed by a Referendum1, becoming the first democratic Constitution following political changes in Albania. After 1991, the stature of Albania changed significantly and the country managed to build new democratic institutions, advanced in establishing a market economy and ensuring human rights, and made important steps towards integration in Euro-Atlantic institutions. In this context, constitutional changes were normal, despite the overall misperception that the Constitution is a document that must not be amended. So, a provisional package of amendments was drafted to avoid obstacles along the way, and a new Constitution was adopted in 1998, later on amended in 2012 and 2016. Analysis of such amendments points out some problems. What should be the procedure for constitutional changes? Parliamentary vote or referendum? In this view, the 2012 constitutional changes - albeit hasty - did not affect the backbone of the document and could be introduced without a referendum, simply with a parliamentary adoption, as was the case. In contrast, the 2016 amendments were adopted unanimously, but they affected the backbone of the Constitution and therefore a referendum should have been called. Should the impact of such amendments be measured? This is another important issue that is not considered actually. But, in our opinion, monitoring any amendments by the Parliament or the President of the Republic is to the benefit of democratic developments and serves any further intentions for constitutional changes. We believe that the Constitution should clearly prescribe the procedure for constitutional changes to save them from becoming a pawn of momentary political interests.
Water Consumption Patterns and Waterborne Diseases in Slums of Karachi
Authors: Rehman Shuja Ur , Baig Saima 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The prime objective of the present study was to evaluate the water consumption patterns and systems in relation to water borne diseases in slum areas of Karachi. It also aimed to, to highlight the major incidence of water-borne diseases due to unhygienic practices and also investigated the role of Government and Non-Governmental Organizations for the provision of safe drinking water. The field-based exploratory approached and quantitative method of research was operated and has been given weighted in accordance with the primary data collection. A structured interview schedule was used as the tool for the collection of data. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used for the purpose of interpretation of the results. The result of the study indicates and elaborates that the people in slum areas of Karachi face problems related to water shortage, water pollution and water borne diseases. The results also depict that the majority of the population suffered from water related diseases such as Typhoid, Dysentery, Diarrhea, etc. The result of the study clearly highlights the fact that the condition of water supply system is quite unhygienic and poor which is the main cause behind the outbreak of these diseases.
The Reciprocal Relationship between Turkish Cinema and Politics: The Portrayal of ‘Atatürk’ as a Political Leader in Filmic Narrative
Authors: Akter Tutku , Incirlili Serife 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
As is known, various studies on the history and development of cinema have shown the reciprocal relationship between cinema and politics. In this regards, it is possible to assume that Hollywood cinema, is not the only cinema that draws attention. During the study, for the purposes of clarifying the interrelationship between “representation” and “ideology” as a modus operandi of Turkish cinema, the portrayal of Atatürk in “Mustafa” will be investigated. The main reason for analyzing this movie in particular it that it is one of the most widely criticized (ideologically) movies on Atatürk.
The Early Acquisition of Verb Constructions in Albanian: Evidence from Children’s Verb Use in Experimental Contexts
Authors: Cenko Enila 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
One of the wonders of human development is children’s symbolic capacity to generate language that goes beyond the input received. The present study examines this developmental process with special focus on language typological factors. More specifically, it examines 2-and 3-year-old Albanian-speaking children’s ability to acquire transitive and intransitive constructions in an experimental context. Thirty 2- and 3-year old Albanian-speaking children divided into two age cohorts were trained and then tested using an elicited production task based on the novel verb paradigm. Findings reveal that Albanian-speaking children are precocious in their productivity with transitive and intransitive verb constructions. In contrast to much prior research on English-speaking children, results revealed that most Albanian-speaking children were able to productively use familiar and novel verbs in both transitive and intransitive constructions, regardless of age and whether they heard the novel verbs modeled in verb constructions tested. It is argued that languages with explicit markings for agent- patient relations facilitate an earlier onset of productivity than word-order languages like English. Additionally, results suggest that children’s capacity to diversely use familiar verbs affects the developmental process of acquiring new verbs including those used in novel verb experiments. Discussion focuses on the importance of using naturalistic experimental designs to construct a more comprehensive view of the process by which children acquire verb constructions and also considers the implications of the cross-linguistic findings for developmental theories of language acquisition.
Physical Education Teachers′ Action Research on Teaching Games for Understanding
Authors: Aspasia Dania , Chrysoula Naki , Panagiotis Stasinos , Georgios Lykesas 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The aim of the present article is to report on a study undertaken to inquire two physical education (PE) teachers′ effort to learn and implement the student-centered pedagogy of the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) approach, by using the Action Research (AR) framework as a research methodology. Two in-service PE teachers, each being responsible for a different class of Grade three and four students, from a primary school in Athens, Greece, participated in the study. During a period of two months, the two teachers used an AR cyclical process of planning, applying, observing and reflecting on the TGfU approach, with the purpose of bringing change in their professional practice and in their students’ learning. Data was generated through the use reflective journals, survey questions, document analyses and non-participant observations. An inductive analysis and a constant comparative method (Denzin & Lincoln 1994) were used for data analysis and three major themes emerged: teaching PE with TGfU, student learning within TGfU, and teacher’s acting and researching on TGfU. From the results, it was found that AR, although initially a difficult undertaking, is an appropriate framework for enhancing PE teachers’ capacity to design non-hierarchical lesson activities that are dedicated to students’ understanding and development, as the ones suggested by the TGfU approach.
Proposed Model for Measuring Customer Satisfaction with Telecommunications Services
Authors: Rendón Claudio Marco Cartagena , Vásquez Andrés , Benjumea-Arias Martha , Valencia-Arias Alejandro 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe aim of this article is to propose a model for measuring customer satisfaction in users of telecommunications services. The methodological design is quantitative descriptive and explanatory type, using a survey as data collection tool, with a sample of 415 users of telecommunications services (landline telephone, television and Internet services) in the city of Medellin. Among the results, it is found that the service in the Call Centers and timely response to requests, inquiries, or complaints, and an effective service are among the factors that have the most influence in the satisfaction of users of telecommunications services. In addition, it is noted that the perception of a favorable cost-benefit services is influenced by the offered plans and promotions, and the proper settlement of claims and applications in their companies, showing that these are issues that need to be strengthened in telecommunication services companies.
Lexical Borrowings in Our Press and the Possibility of Their Replacement with Albanian Words
Authors: Zeqiri Albulena Lala , Kryeziu Veneranda Xhelili 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The present paper treats the influence of foreign words in our press and the possibility of their replacement with Albanian words. The Albanian Language used today in our press suffers from a reckless use of excessive borrowings that is significantly distorting its nature. Its natural that languages cooperate with one another through borrowing and loaning words but there must also be specific criteria and responsibilities for such borrowings. It is the duty of all subjects involved to give the right direction to this issue : Purification of Albanian language from foreign words and its enrichment with native words. Therefore, in this paper, we intend to identify non-Albanian words that wander in our language, and invite Albanian language writers how to write the Albanian language in Albanian. The methods implemented in this research are: historical method, the method of comparative analysis, gathering and selection of material (books, foreign language dictionaries and Albanian newspapers), analysis, comparison and description of the material. Results expected from this research are to bring into evidence borrowed words from other languages in our press, their identification and study, comparison of many words used today in our press, possibilities of replacement of such words with relevant Albanian words while using words from our country folk treasure, which is an inexhaustible source of enrichment of Albanian language.
A Post-colonial Study of the Short Story “Araby” (1914) by James Joyce
Authors: Maniee Pedram , Mansouri Shahriyar 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The short story of “Araby” by James Joyce was published in 1914 in Dubliners which is a collection of fifteen short stories set in the Dublin city of Northern Ireland. “Araby” is one of those short stories in which traces of the colonization of Ireland by the Great Britain in the nineteenth century can be found. Since the context of the short story is set in Dublin, analyzing it in light of post-colonial theory has made it a special case. Because despite the majority of literary works which are analyzed in light of post-colonial theory and in which the contrast between east and west geographically is quite visible, in “Araby” this contrast is not clear-cut and the culture of two neighbor countries are so close and as a consequent so difficult to claim cultural and religious colonization by a neighbor country. This essay investigates the way Joyce has portrayed the cultural, political, economic and social domination of Britain over Ireland, specifically Dublin. The essay also explores the context where Joyce had the motivation to write Dubliners and shows the fundamental principles of post-colonialism such as language, the notion of superior/inferior, cultural polyvalency, Self/Other and the critical tenets of Homi K. Bhabha including mimicry, liminality or hybridity and finds these tenets within this short story. The essay also investigates the way James Joyce has employed symbolism in order to portray his reaction to the domination of Britain over Ireland.