bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the impact of turnip yellows virus infection and drought on canola performance: implications under a climate change scenario
Authors: Lago Clara , Fereres Alberto , Moreno Aránzazu , Trębicki Piotr 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionCanola (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide. Turnip yellows virus (TuYV), transmitted by aphids, is one of the most damaging viruses affecting canola crops and is challenging to control. With the prediction of more intense and prolonged drought events due to future climate change, an additional factor may extensively impact the epidemiology of plant diseases. This study aimed to understand the impact of drought on canola plants infected with TuYV and to explore the relationship between virus infection and drought.MethodsTwo glasshouse experiments were conducted: 1. Competition: Four plants (two infected, two non-infected) were grown in the same pot. 2. No Competition: One plant was grown per pot. In both experiments, infected and non-infected canola plants were exposed to well-watered conditions, water stress (simulated drought), and terminal drought. Various plant traits were recorded, including biomass, leaf area, height, number of leaves, chlorophyll content, water use efficiency, and virus symptom expression.ResultsBoth virus infection and water stress reduced dry biomass, leaf area, and height. Virus infection alone reduced canola biomass by up to 49% compared to non-infected, well-watered controls. Under water stress or terminal drought, the biomass of TuYV-infected plants was further reduced by up to 71% and 65%, respectively. Virus infection also reduced the number of leaves, although water treatment alone did not. Chlorophyll content was higher in water-stressed and terminal drought plants compared to well-watered ones, while virus infection reduced chlorophyll content. The impact of drought and virus infection was more pronounced when plants were under competition.DiscussionGiven the expected increase in prolonged and frequent droughts in many canola-growing regions due to climate change, a significant detrimental effect on canola production due to the combined influence of drought and TuYV is anticipated. This study underscores the need for developing mitigation strategies to protect canola production in a changing climate.
Cellular and extracellular proteomic profiling of paradoxical low-flow low-gradient aortic stenosis myocardium
Authors: Elkenani Manar , Barallobre-Barreiro Javier , Schnelle Moritz , Mohamed Belal A. , Beuthner Bo E. , Jacob Christoph Friedemann , Paul Niels B. , Yin Xiaoke , Theofilatos Konstantinos , Fischer Andreas , Puls Miriam , Zeisberg Elisabeth M. , Shah Ajay M. , Mayr Manuel , Hasenfuß Gerd , Toischer Karl 
Published: September 2024

AimsPatients with severe aortic stenosis (AS), low transvalvular flow (LF) and low gradient (LG) with normal ejection fraction (EF)—are referred to as paradoxical LF-LG AS (PLF-LG). PLF-LG patients develop more advanced heart failure symptoms and have a worse prognosis than patients with normal EF and high-gradient AS (NEF-HG). Despite its clinical relevance, the mechanisms underlying PLF-LG are still poorly understood.MethodsLeft ventricular (LV) myocardial biopsies of PLF-LG (n = 5) and NEF-HG patients (n = 6), obtained during transcatheter aortic valve implantation, were analyzed by LC-MS/MS after sequential extraction of cellular and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins using a three-step extraction method. Proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD055391.Results73 cellular proteins were differentially abundant between the 2 groups. Among these, a network of proteins related to muscle contraction and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (e.g., cTnI, FKBP1A and CACNA2D1) was found in PLF-LG. Extracellularly, upregulated proteins in PLF-LG were related to ATP synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation (e.g., ATP5PF, COX5B and UQCRB). Interestingly, we observed a 1.3-fold increase in cyclophilin A (CyPA), proinflammatory cytokine, in the extracellular extracts of PLF-LG AS patients (p &lt; 0.05). Consistently, immunohistochemical analysis confirmed its extracellular localization in PLF-LG AS LV sections along with an increase in its receptor, CD147, compared to the NEF-HG AS patients. Levels of core ECM proteins, namely collagens and proteoglycans, were comparable between groups.ConclusionOur study pinpointed novel candidates and processes with potential relevance in the pathophysiology of PLF-LG. The role of CyPA in particular warrants further investigation.
Utilize proteomic analysis to identify potential therapeutic targets for combating sepsis and sepsis-related death
Authors: Zhang Tianlong , Shi Yin , Li Jiayue , Huang Peiyao , Chen Kun , Yao Jiali 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundSepsis is an inflammatory disease that leads to severe mortality, highlighting the urgent need to identify new therapeutic strategies for sepsis. Proteomic research serves as a primary source for drug target identification. We employed proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR), genetic correlation analysis, and colocalization analysis to identify potential targets for sepsis and sepsis-related death.MethodsGenetic data for plasma proteomics were obtained from 35,559 Icelandic individuals and an initial MR analysis was conducted using 13,531 sepsis cases from the FinnGen R10 cohort to identify associations between plasma proteins and sepsis. Subsequently, significant proteins underwent genetic correlation analysis, followed by replication in 54,306 participants from the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project and validation in 11,643 sepsis cases from the UK Biobank. The identified proteins were then subjected to colocalization analysis, enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction network analysis. Additionally, we also investigated a MR analysis using plasma proteins on 1,896 sepsis cases with 28-day mortality from the UK Biobank.ResultsAfter FDR correction, MR analysis results showed a significant causal relationship between 113 plasma proteins and sepsis. Genetic correlation analysis revealed that only 8 proteins had genetic correlations with sepsis. In the UKB-PPP replication analysis, only 4 proteins were found to be closely associated with sepsis, while validation in the UK Biobank sepsis cases found overlaps for 21 proteins. In total, 30 proteins were identified in the aforementioned analyses, and colocalization analysis revealed that only 2 of these proteins were closely associated with sepsis. Additionally, in the 28-day mortality MR analysis of sepsis, we also found that only 2 proteins were significant.ConclusionsThe identified plasma proteins and their associated metabolic pathways have enhanced our understanding of the complex relationship between proteins and sepsis. This provides new avenues for the development of drug targets and paves the way for further research in this field.
The absence of formal work experience may affect the rate of cognitive decline in older adult women: findings from the health and retirement study
Authors: Grewal Daya K. , Patapoff Molly A. , Liou-Johnson Victoria , Adamson Maheen M. , Jester Dylan J. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study investigated the relationship between years of employment and cognitive health among older non-Latinx Black, Latinx, and non-Latinx White women. We hypothesized that women who had never been formally employed (i.e., zero years of formal work experience) would exhibit a pronounced cognitive decline.MethodsOur study included 5,664 older adult women from the Health and Retirement Study (2010–2016) aged 65–101 (M = 75.41). Out of 5,664 participants, 850 identified as non-Latinx Black, 475 identified as Latinx, and 4,339 identified as non-Latinx White. Furthermore, 5,292 women indicated having a professional employment history of at least one year, whereas 372 women reported no formal work experience. The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-27 (TICS-27) was used to assess cognitive performance. Linear mixed effects models were conducted to assess whether employment history was associated with the rate of cognitive decline.ResultsIn all three racial and ethnic groups, lower age, higher education, greater number of years worked, fewer chronic conditions, and greater household income were associated with better cognitive performance at baseline (p &lt; .05). Additionally, women who had not worked in any formal capacity had a lower baseline cognitive performance (p &lt; .001) and a more extreme decline in cognitive performance over time (p = .04).ConclusionIn conclusion, we found that women without any formal work experience performed lower at baseline and experienced a steeper cognitive decline over time. These findings underscore the need to further explore the complex interrelationships between employment duration and cognitive trajectories, especially among older women and those from different racial and ethnic backgrounds.
Efficacy and safety of the first-line systemic treatments in patients with advanced-stage urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Yang , Xu Xiaoqing , Sun Yuhan , Yu Xinyang , Qi Yuanfu , Dai Xin 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionIn recent years, some clinical studies of first-line treatment for advanced-stage urothelial carcinoma (aUC) have reached the main endpoint, showing inconsistent clinical efficacy. We hope to explore the efficacy and safety of first-line treatment for aUC.MethodsThe relevant literature from January 2000 to February 2024 was searched, and the R language (version 4.3.1) was used to perform a network meta-analysis based on the JAGS package and GEMTC package under the Bayesian framework. The main indicators included OS, PFS, ORR and adverse events of grade 3 or higher. This study has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024525372).ResultsA total of 8 RCTs involving 5539 patients and 12 treatments were included. Pembrolizumab plus Enfortumab Vedotin (PEM+EV) was significantly better than other groups in OS, PFS and ORR. In terms of OS, PEM+EV was significantly better than nivolumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy (NIVO+platinumCT) (HR=0.60; 95% CI: 0.45-0.81), PEM+platinumCT (HR=0.55; 95%CI: 0.42-0.72), atezolizumab (ATE) + platinumCT (HR=0.57; 95%CI: 0.43-0.75) and platinumCT (HR=0.47; 95%CI: 0.38-0.58). In terms of PFS, PEM+EV was also significantly better than NIVO+platinumCT (HR=0.62; 95%CI: 0.48-0.82), PEM+platinumCT (HR=0.58; 95%CI: 0.45-0.74), ATE+platinumCT (HR=0.55; 95%CI: 0.43-0.69) and platinumCT (HR=0.45; 95%CI: 0.38-0.54). In terms of ORR, PEM+EV had a significant be nefit compared with other treatment measures, which was 2.63 times that of platinumCT (OR=2.63; 95%CI: 2.00-3.45). The adverse events of grade 3 or higher in immunotherapy (ATE, PEM, durvalumab) was significantly lower than other treatment measures.ConclusionsPEM+EV can significantly prolong OS and PFS compared with other treatments, and has a higher ORR. The adverse events of grade 3 or higher of ATE was the lowest.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42024525372, identifier CRD42024525372.
Efficacy and safety of lumasiran for infants and young children with primary hyperoxaluria type 1: 30-month analysis of the phase 3 ILLUMINATE-B trial
Authors: Frishberg Yaacov , Hayes Wesley , Shasha-Lavsky Hadas , Sas David J. , Michael Mini , Sellier-Leclerc Anne-Laure , Hogan Julien , Willey Richard , Gansner John M. , Magen Daniella 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundPrimary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a genetic disorder resulting in overproduction of hepatic oxalate, potentially leading to recurrent kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis, chronic kidney disease, and kidney failure. Lumasiran, the first RNA interference therapeutic approved for infants and young children, is a liver-directed treatment that reduces hepatic oxalate production. Lumasiran demonstrated sustained efficacy with an acceptable safety profile over 12 months in infants and young children (age &lt;6 years) with PH1 in ILLUMINATE-B (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03905694), an ongoing, Phase 3, multinational, open-label, single-arm study.MethodsHere, we report interim efficacy and safety findings from ILLUMINATE-B following 30 months of lumasiran treatment. Eligible patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &gt;45 ml/min/1.73 m2 if ≥12 months old or normal serum creatinine if &lt;12 months old, and a urinary oxalate to creatinine ratio (UOx:Cr) greater than the upper limit of normal. All 18 patients enrolled in ILLUMINATE-B completed the 6-month primary analysis period, entered an extension period of up to 54 months, and continue to participate in the study.ResultsAt Month 30, mean percent change from baseline in spot UOx:Cr was −76%, and mean percent change in plasma oxalate was −42%. eGFR remained stable through Month 30. In 14 patients (86%) with nephrocalcinosis at baseline, nephrocalcinosis grade improved at Month 24 in 12; no patient worsened. In the 4 patients without baseline nephrocalcinosis, nephrocalcinosis was absent at Month 24. Kidney stone event rates were ≤0.25 per person-year through Month 30. Mild, transient injection site reactions were the most common lumasiran-related adverse events (17% of patients).ConclusionIn infants and young children with PH1, long-term lumasiran treatment resulted in sustained reductions in urinary and plasma oxalate that were sustained for 30 months, with an acceptable safety profile. Kidney function remained stable, low kidney stone event rates were observed through Month 30, and nephrocalcinosis grade improvements were observed through Month 24.
Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT03905694.
The approach of Norm Balance in predicting pharmacists’ intention to collaborate with physicians to improve medication therapy
Authors: Liu Yifei , Farris Karen B. , Nayakankuppam Dhananjay , Sorofman Bernard A. , Urmie Julie M. , Doucette William R. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveNorm Balance is an approach under the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) where subjective norm is weighted by the relative importance of others and self-identity is weighted by the relative importance of self. The relative importance was measured previously by a trade-off measure. In this study, we developed separate measures for the relative importance. The study objectives were to: 1) assess the construct validity of the separate measures; 2) examine the approach of Norm Balance in predicting pharmacists’ intention to collaborate with physicians to improve medication therapy; and 3) establish a modified TPB.MethodsWe selected a random sample of 750 Iowa pharmacists and conducted two surveys. The first survey was to examine intention prediction, and the second survey was to examine behavior prediction by measuring behavior among respondents to the first survey. The relative importance was measured by both the trade-off measure and the separate measures. Exploratory factor analyses were performed for the relative importance of others (separate measures) and subjective norm, and for the relative importance of self (separate measures) and self-identity. Regressions for intention prediction were conducted for TPB with self-identity and the approach of Norm Balance. The same regressions were also conducted for three subgroups according to the median of the relative importance of others (trade-off measure). Moreover, another regression was conducted for behavior prediction.Results239 practicing pharmacists responded to the first survey, and 188 responded to the second survey. The separate measures had cross factor loadings, whereas the trade-off measure had low correlations with other constructs. Both regressions for intention prediction explained 75% of the variance, with self-efficacy and attitude being strong predictors. Self-identity was not a predictor in the TPB with self-identify, but self-identity weighted by the relative importance of self was a significant predictor in the approach of Norm Balance. Regression coefficients of subjective norm and self-identify varied across subgroups. The regression for behavior prediction explained 30% of the variance, with intention and self-efficacy being two predictors.ConclusionThe trade-off measure was better than separate measures. The approach of Norm Balance appears to be a better model than the TPB with self-identity to examine pharmacist-physician collaboration.
Utilization of radiometric data for mapping primary and secondary sources of gamma radiation and radon/thoron release potentials in Ireland
Authors: Aghdam Mirsina M. , Kavanagh Mark , Crowley Quentin 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThis paper presents a novel approach to predict and map radon and thoron levels. We developed separate radon and thoron prediction maps for Ireland and introduced a system for producing high-resolution 3D radiation maps which may be used for planning purposes in residential areas, recycling and demolishing waste depots, and quarries of building and construction material. Additionally, we highlight the critical need to monitor thoron alongside radon in indoor surveys, as thoron’s shorter half-life and higher energy levels may pose a greater health risk.MethodsWe utilized Tellus radiometric survey data and indoor radon measurement records to investigate the spatial correlation between elevated indoor radon activity and anomalies in radioelement concentrations. We also estimated the degree of thoron interference in indoor radon surveys conducted in Ireland using CR-39 detectors. Field and laboratory surveys were performed to produce high-resolution radiation maps for four Irish quarries and estimate the radon and thoron potential of these quarries.ResultsOur initial findings suggest that thoron may be the primary health issue in some parts of Ireland, surpassing radon. For example, our map shows that the expected thoron potential in county Donegal is significantly higher than that for radon. Our radon and thoron exhalation tests on building material samples from four random quarries confirm this. We also estimate that over 20% of the elevated indoor radon activity recorded by the EPA using CR-39 detectors may be attributed to thoron-related sources.ConclusionThis study contributes to a better understanding of the prevalence and impact of radon and thoron in Ireland, helping to determine the main radiological health issue related to indoor air quality in the country. Thoron’s impact on indoor air quality and health has been understudied in Ireland, necessitating more comprehensive studies and monitoring programs to accurately assess the prevalence and impact of both radon and thoron.
Evaluación de la calidad de los servicios en la Empresa Pública de Movilidad, Latacunga, Ecuador
Authors: Villacis-López Juan Fernando , Romero-Fernández Ariel José 
Published: September 2024

El objetivo general de la investigación fue evaluar la calidad de los servicios en la Empresa Pública de Movilidad, Latacunga, Ecuador. Desde la perspectiva cuantitativa, la investigación de desarrolló apoyada en una tipología bibliográfica, descriptiva y de campo. La población de estudio se conformó por 220 trabajadores de la EPMOL y la cantidad de clientes externos se tomó la cantidad atendida en el mes de mayo de 2024 un total 6245. Luego se determinó la muestra de cada uno de los estratos mencionados, aplicando la formula respectiva, y se obtuvo 68 trabajadores y 97 clientes externos. A los cuales se les aplicó una encuesta. Se concluye que, la evaluación de la calidad es una necesidad para el sostenimiento de las empresas pues les permite contar con información para el mejoramiento de su gestión y desempeño.
Defense of thesis works in the specialty «Water supply, wastewater disposal, construction systems for water resources protection»
Authors: Стрелков А.К. , Теплых С.Ю. , Горшкалев П.А. , Черносвитов М.Д. 
Published: September 2024

Приведены качественные и количественные характеристики и показатели в области защиты диссертационных работ с 1984 до середины 2024 г. Рассмотрены временные закономерности, пики и спады в научных работах по научной специальности 2.1.4 «Водоснабжение, канализация, строительные системы охраны водных ресурсов». Приведены примеры правильных формулировок элементов научной новизны в авторефератах диссертаций. Выполнен анализ категорий научной новизны, как общей, так и в методах очистки природных и сточных вод. Представлена организационно-правовая структура защит диссертационных работ. Приведены рекомендации по определению границ между элементами научной новизны.
The qualitative and quantitative characteristics and indicators in the field of thesis works defense from 1984 to mid-2024 are presented. The time patterns, peaks and decays in scientific papers in the specialty 2.1.4 «Water supply, wastewater disposal, construction systems for water resources protection» are analyzed. Examples of correct formulations of elements of scientific novelty in the thesis synopses are given. An analysis of the categories of scientific novelty, both in general and in the methods of natural and wastewater treatment, is performed. The organizational and legal structure of thesis works defense is presented. Recommendations for defining the boundaries between the elements of the scientific novelty are given.
Justification for the use of sludge of biologically treated wastewater in the production of ceramic materials
Authors: Стрелков А.К. , Теплых С.Ю. , Теплых Е.А. , Поршина Е.Г. 
Published: September 2024

Загрязнения производственных сточных вод представляют собой остатки обрабатываемого сырья и реагентов, участвующих в технологическом процессе при очистке. Рассмотрены условия образования и свойства осадков биологически очищенных сточных вод и вылежанного осадка. Приведены основные направления утилизации и свойства осадков городских сточных вод, а также теоретическое обоснование использования вылежанных осадков биологических очистных сооружений при производстве керамических материалов. Представлены следующие характеристики осадков городских сточных вод: фракционный состав, динамика изменения массы различных фракций осадка при его термообработке, химический состав.
Pollution in industrial wastewater comprises the scraps of processed raw materials and chemicals used in the treatment process. The conditions of the generation and properties of sludge of wastewater biological treatment and of matured sludge are considered. The properties of municipal wastewater sludge and main ways of utilization are given, as well as theoretical justification for the use of matured sludge from biological wastewater treatment facilities in the production of ceramic materials. The following characteristics of municipal wastewater sludge are presented: fractional makeup, dynamic pattern of the mass of various sludge fractions in the process of thermal processing, chemical composition.