bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Implant Exposure due to Skin Necroses after Skin Sparing Mastectomy: Initial Experiences Using a Not Selective Random Epigastric Flap
Authors: Echazarreta‐Gallego Estíbaliz , Pola‐Bandrés Guillermo , Arribas‐Del Amo María Dolores , Gil‐Romea Ismael , Sousa‐Domínguez Ramón , Güemes‐Sánchez Antonio 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBreast prostheses exposure is probably the most devastating complication after a skin sparing mastectomy (SSM) and implant‐based, one‐stage, breast reconstruction. This complication may occur in the immediate post‐operative period or in the weeks and even months after the procedure. In most cases, the cause is poor skin coverage of the implant due to skin necrosis.Patients and methodsEight consecutive cases of implant exposure (or risk of exposure) due to skin necrosis in SSM patients over a period of 5 years, all patients were treated using a random epigastric rotation flap, executed by the same medical team.ResultsA random epigastric flap (island or conventional rotation flap) was used to cover the skin defect. All the patients completed the procedure and all prostheses were saved; there were no cases of flap necrosis or infection.ConclusionsCases of skin necrosis after SSM and immediate implant reconstruction, in which the implant is at risk of exposure, can be successfully treated with a random epigastric rotation flap.
Relationships between trait and respiratory parameters during quiet breathing in normal subjects
Authors: Kato Akae , Takahashi Koki , Homma Ikuo 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Respiratory patterns are influenced and altered by various emotional changes. In the present study, we investigated how respiratory patterns differ from individual to individual during quiet breathing. We examined the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and various respiratory parameters in 16 healthy male subjects. Tidal volume was significantly larger and respiratory rate (RR) was significantly higher in both the higher trait (HT) and higher state (HS) anxiety groups compared to the lower trait and lower state anxiety groups. Inspiratory (T
I) and expiratory time (T
E) was significantly shorter in both the HT and HS anxiety groups. There was no significant difference in minute ventilation between these two groups. End-tidal CO2%, heart rate, and oxygen uptake (

$$\dot{\rm {V}} {\rm{O_2}}/W$$

V
˙

O
2

/
W

) also showed no significant differences. V
T showed a negative correlation and RR showed a positive correlation with trait scores. T
I and T
E showed a negative correlation with trait anxiety scores. However, no other respiratory parameter showed any correlation. These results suggest that the respiratory rhythm reflected by RR is affected by the activity generated in the higher center in accordance with the level of trait anxiety during quiet breathing in awake humans.
An Ecological Framework to Support Small-Scale Shared Housing for Persons with Neurocognitive Disorders of the Alzheimer's and Related Types: A Literature Review
Authors: Bortnick Kevin N. 
Published: May 2017

Background Small scale shared housing arrangements (SHAs) is a deinstitutionalized model of care designed to resemble a typical home of <10 people and are increasingly available for persons with neurocognitive disorders of the Alzheimer's and related types (NCD). However, there is little aggregate evidence of their effect on persons with NCD thus, a literature review was performed. Methods Database searches were conducted across CINAHL Complete, OTseeker, PubMed, Ovid, Academic One File, ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health, the World Wide Web and Google Scholar using the several key words that included neurocognitive disorders, Alzheimer's, dementia, quality of life, well-being, occupational performance, activities of daily living, small scale shared housing, sheltered housing and group homes. Bibliographic references from final articles were also examined. Selection criteria involved three steps: screening perspective articles by title and abstract, assessing full text for eligibility and finally, reviewing full-texts. Results 16 studies were selected for final review where most found the association of SHAs with various occupational performance indicators unique to the NCD population better than or equal to controls (traditional models of long term care). A small minority of studies had mixed or inconclusive results. No study found SHAs necessarily worse than controls. Conclusion The SHA model has many benefits for person's with NCD and may be especially advantageous for those in the early stages of the disease process. The occupational therapy profession should continue to raise awareness of SHAs and consider ecological theory as a valid basis for their expansion.
BENEFITS OF AN ANIMAL TRACEABILITY SYSTEM FOR A FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE OUTBREAK: A SUPPLY-DRIVEN SOCIAL ACCOUNTING MATRIX APPROACH
Authors: KIM MAN-KEUN , UKKESTAD C. MICHAEL , TEJEDA HERNAN A. , BAILEY DEEVON 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis study reports the findings for an analysis using the computer program NAADSM (North American Animal Disease Spread Model) and a supply-driven social accounting matrix to examine the impact of a hypothetical foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak in a relatively isolated part of the United States, Utah, under various levels of livestock traceability. The analysis demonstrates that a significant regional economic impact in Utah would result from an FMD outbreak but that improved levels of traceability would be very important in helping to reduce the negative economic consequences of the outbreak.
Imaginative Vividness
Authors: KIND AMY 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT:How are we to understand the phenomenology of imagining? Attempts to answer this question often invoke descriptors concerning the ‘vivacity’ or ‘vividness’ of our imaginative states. Not only are particular imaginings often phenomenologically compared and contrasted with other imaginings on grounds of how vivid they are, but such imaginings are also often compared and contrasted with perceptions and memories on similar grounds. Yet however natural it may be to use ‘vividness’ and cognate terms in discussions of imagination, it does not take much reflection to see that these terms are poorly understood. In this paper, I review both some relevant empirical literature as well as the philosophical literature in an attempt to get a handle on what it could mean, in an imaginative context, to talk of vividness. As I suggest, this notion ultimately proves to be so problematic as to be philosophically untenable.
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), an unusual cause of high anion gap metabolic acidosis
Authors: Carlier Laurence , Van Belleghem Vincent , Croes Kathleen , Hooft Frederik , Desmet Matthias , Heylen Olivier , Lambrecht Stijn , Carlier Stefaan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) are well described in the literature. However, sometimes more frequent causes of HAGMA cannot explain its occurrence.In the case of HAGMA and severe neurological depression in the absence of other causes of HAGMA, clinicians should consider an intoxication with gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) as a possible cause.GHB is endogenous to the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Synthetic GHB was initially used as an anesthetic but is now only licensed for medical use in a limited number of indications such as the treatment of narcolepsy. Because of its euphoric effects, it became popular for recreational use under the street names: Liquid Ecstasy, Georgia Home Boy, and Liquid G.We describe the clinical case of a patient who suffered from severe neurological depression and HAGMA.
BEYOND EQUAL LIBERTY: RELIGION AS A DISTINCT HUMAN GOOD AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM
Authors: Moschella Melissa 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this essay I argue that religion, understood as harmony with the transcendent source of existence and meaning, is a good that practical reason grasps as an objective, distinct, and important aspect of human well-being, one that reasonably takes pride of place among the various aspects of a good human life due to its architectonic role in structuring and adding a transcendent meaning to all of the other goods that we pursue. On the basis of this view of religion, I suggest that religious belief and practice deserve special protection in law, above and beyond mere preferences and even other conscientious commitments. I develop this view through a dialectical engagement with Ronald Dworkin, Brian Barry, and Christopher Eisgruber and Lawrence Sager.
Small shelly fossils from the Montezuman–Delamaran of the Great Basin in Nevada and California
Authors: Wotte Thomas , Sundberg Frederick A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe mixed carbonate-siliciclastic successions of the Cambrian Series 2–Cambrian Series 3 interval of the Great Basin are well investigated in respect to their trilobite and brachiopod fauna. In contrast, the small shelly fossils have been mostly unreported. Nine sections in eastern California and southern Nevada have produced a small shelly assemblage of low diversity, which likely reflects non-phosphatization and loss of originally calcareous remains. From the Montezuman–Delamaran stages we reportAnabarella chelataSkovsted, 2006a,Costipelagiella nevadenseSkovsted, 2006a,Pelagiellaaff.P. subangulata(Tate, 1892),Microcornussp.,Parkulasp.,Hyolithellus? sp.,Alloniasp.,Chancelloriasp.,Archiasterellacf.A. hirundoBengtson in Bengtson et al., 1990,Archaeooidescf.A. granulatusQian, 1977, and undefined echinoderms and helcionelloid molluscs. The lower part of the Montezuman Stage delivered a number of lobopodian sclerites asMicrodictyon rhomboidaleBengtson, Matthews, and Missarzhevsky, 1986,Microdictyon montezumaensisn. sp., andMicrodictyon cuneumn. sp. The occurrence ofP. aff.P. subangulataand species ofMicrodictyonin the lower Montezuman Stage offers a fundamental potential for correlation with the base of Cambrian Series 2/Stage 3 of South China, Siberia, and Avalonia.
GEOMETRIC REPRESENTATION IN THE THEORY OF PSEUDO-FINITE FIELDS
Authors: BEYARSLAN ÖZLEM , CHATZIDAKIS ZOÉ 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe study the automorphism group of the algebraic closure of a substructure A of a pseudo-finite field F, or more generally, of a bounded PAC field F. This paper answers some of the questions of [1], and in particular that any finite group which is geometrically represented in a pseudo-finite field must be abelian.
Faster eating rates are associated with higher energy intakes during anad libitummeal, higher BMI and greater adiposity among 4·5-year-old children: results from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort
Authors: Fogel Anna , Goh Ai Ting , Fries Lisa R. , Sadananthan Suresh A. , Velan S. Sendhil , Michael Navin , Tint Mya-Thway , Fortier Marielle V. , Chan Mei Jun , Toh Jia Ying , Chong Yap-Seng , Tan Kok Hian , Yap Fabian , Shek Lynette P. , Meaney Michael J. , Broekman Birit F. P. , Lee Yung Seng , Godfrey Keith M. , Chong Mary F. F. , Forde Ciarán G. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFaster eating rates are associated with increased energy intake, but little is known about the relationship between children’s eating rate, food intake and adiposity. We examined whether children who eat faster consume more energy and whether this is associated with higher weight status and adiposity. We hypothesised that eating rate mediates the relationship between child weight andad libitumenergy intake. Children (n386) from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes cohort participated in a video-recordedad libitumlunch at 4·5 years to measure acute energy intake. Videos were coded for three eating-behaviours (bites, chews and swallows) to derive a measure of eating rate (g/min). BMI and anthropometric indices of adiposity were measured. A subset of children underwent MRI scanning (n153) to measure abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adiposity. Children above/below the median eating rate were categorised as slower and faster eaters, and compared across body composition measures. There was a strong positive relationship between eating rate and energy intake (r0·61,P<0·001) and a positive linear relationship between eating rate and children’s BMI status. Faster eaters consumed 75 % more energy content than slower eating children (Δ548 kJ (Δ131 kcal); 95 % CI 107·6, 154·4,P<0·001), and had higher whole-body (P<0·05) and subcutaneous abdominal adiposity (Δ118·3 cc; 95 % CI 24·0, 212·7,P=0·014). Mediation analysis showed that eating rate mediates the link between child weight and energy intake during a meal (b13·59; 95 % CI 7·48, 21·83). Children who ate faster had higher energy intake, and this was associated with increased BMIz-score and adiposity.
ESBL carriage in pig slaughterhouse workers is associated with occupational exposure
Authors: DOHMEN W. , VAN GOMPEL L. , SCHMITT H. , LIAKOPOULOS A. , HERES L. , URLINGS B. A. , MEVIUS D. , BONTEN M. J. M. , HEEDERIK D. J. J. 
Published: May 2017

SUMMARYWe investigated the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) carriage in slaughterhouse workers and the association with occupational exposure to slaughter animals and products. Stool samples from 334 employees in a Dutch pig slaughterhouse were obtained. Presence of ESBL was determined by selective plating, microarray analysis, and gene sequencing. Questionnaires were used to collect personal and occupational information. The overall prevalence of ESBL carriage was 4·8% (16/334). All ESBL-producing isolates were Escherichia coli. The ESBL genes detected were blaCTX-M-1 (n = 8), blaCTX-M-15 (n = 3), blaCTX-M-27 (n = 2), blaCTX-M-24 (n = 1), blaCTX-M-55 (n = 1), and blaSHV-12 (n = 1). A higher prevalence of ESBL was seen in workers in jobs with as tasks ‘removal of lungs, heart, liver, tongue’ (33%), and ‘removal of head and spinal cord’ (25%). For further analysis, participants were divided in two groups based on potential exposure to ESBL as related to their job title. One group with an assumed higher exposure to ESBL (e.g. stable work, stabbing, dehairing, removal of organs) and another group with an assumed lower exposure to ESBL (e.g. refrigeration, packaging and expedition). In the ‘higher exposure’ group, ten out of 95 (10·5%) were carrying ESBL vs. six out of 233 (2·6%) in the ‘lower exposure’ group. Human ESBL carriage was significantly associated with job exposure in the slaughterhouse (OR 4·5, CI 1·6–12·6). Results suggest that ESBL carriage in slaughterhouse workers overall is comparable with the Dutch population. Within the slaughterhouse population a difference in carriage exists depending on their position along the slaughter line and tasks involved.
Models of antimicrobial pressure on intestinal bacteria of the treated host populations
Authors: VOLKOVA V. V. , CAZER C. L. , GRÖHN Y. T. 
Published: May 2017

SUMMARYAntimicrobial drugs are used to treat pathogenic bacterial infections in animals and humans. The by-stander enteric bacteria of the treated host's intestine can become exposed to the drug or its metabolites reaching the intestine in antimicrobially active form. We consider which processes and variables need to be accounted for to project the antimicrobial concentrations in the host's intestine. Those include: the drug's fraction (inclusive of any active metabolites) excreted in bile; the drug's fractions and intestinal segments of excretion via other mechanisms; the rates and intestinal segments of the drug's absorption and re-absorption; the rates and intestinal segments of the drug's abiotic and biotic degradation in the intestine; the digesta passage time through the intestinal segments; the rates, mechanisms, and reversibility of the drug's sorption to the digesta and enteric microbiome; and the volume of luminal contents in the intestinal segments. For certain antimicrobials, the antimicrobial activity can further depend on the aeration and chemical conditions in the intestine. Model forms that incorporate the inter-individual variation in those relevant variables can support projections of the intestinal antimicrobial concentrations in populations of treated host, such as food animals. To illustrate the proposed modeling framework, we develop two examples of treatments of bovine respiratory disease in beef steers by oral chlortetracycline and injectable third-generation cephalosporin ceftiofur. The host's diet influences the digesta passage time, volume, and digesta and microbiome composition, and may influence the antimicrobial loss due to degradation and sorption in the intestine. We consider two diet compositions in the illustrative simulations. The examples highlight the extent of current ignorance and need for empirical data on the variables influencing the selective pressures imposed by antimicrobial treatments on the host's intestinal bacteria.
What happened at Vienna's Allgemeines Krankenhaus after Semmelweis's contract as Assistant in the First Maternity Division was terminated?
Authors: JADRAQUE P. P. , CARTER K. C. 
Published: May 2017

SUMMARYIgnác Fülöp Semmelweis is famous for dramatically reducing puerperal mortality while he was an Assistant in Vienna's largest hospital, the Allgemeines Krankenhaus; he did this, mainly, by requiring medical personnel to disinfect their hands by washing in a chlorine solution. But Semmelweis was soon removed from his post as assistant. The conventional view, which is suggested by Semmelweis's own account, is that his contemporaries were skeptical of his results, that he was marginalized and that once he was no longer directly responsible for caring for maternity patients, puerperal mortality returned to its former high levels. In fact, the situation appears to have been quite different. In this paper, we calculate and discuss the number of deaths at the Allgemeines maternity clinic after Semmelweis was removed from his position. As we will see, his successors maintained a relatively low mortality rate roughly consistent with the rate Semmelweis himself achieved. This suggests that the chlorine washings were probably still used conscientiously after he left and that the opposition he encountered had other sources than doubts about the effectiveness of the chlorine washings.
Collaborative dialogue in synchronous computer-mediated communication and face-to-face communication
Authors: Zeng Gang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPrevious research has documented that collaborative dialogue promotes L2 learning in both face-to-face (F2F) and synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC) modalities. However, relatively little research has explored modality effects on collaborative dialogue. Thus, motivated by sociocultual theory, this study examines how F2F compares with SCMC regarding the generation of collaborative dialogue specifically in terms of its frequency and nature. Thirty-two Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) students participated in this study and completed two types of collaborative tasks (i.e. dictogloss and jigsaw) in dyads in both modalities. The analyses of learners’ exchanges focused on language-related episodes (LREs), the instantiation of collaborative dialogue. The identified LREs were categorized based on their focus, outcome and type. A follow-up questionnaire was conducted to elicit students’ perspectives. The results revealed that LREs were more frequent in SCMC than in F2F. Furthermore, the analyses of the nature of LREs indicated some cross-modality differences: whereas SCMC LREs had the features oforthographical,correctandself-correctionoutcomes, F2F LREs were characterized byincorrectandrequest for assistanceoutcomes. Pedagogical implications and suggestions for the future research were also discussed.
Australia: a land of missed opportunities?
Authors: Greasley David , McLaughlin Eoin , Hanley Nick , Oxley Les 
Published: May 2017

AbstractComprehensive Investment (CI) may provide an indicator of future changes in a country's per capita consumption. The authors explore the utility of the CI indicator for Australia by constructing CI data since 1861 and by estimating their relationship with changes in future consumption over periods of 50 years ahead. The CI measures include changes in natural, produced and human capital, and make allowance for exogenous technological progress. The results are used to consider how Australia's natural capital exploitation influenced the consumption of future generations. Further, the authors gauge if low CI relative to other leading OECD countries resulted in lower consumption levels in Australia over time than feasible, had it saved more.
Chunyu Kun: Motifs, Narratives, and Personas in Early Chinese Anecdotal Literature
Authors: WEINGARTEN OLIVER 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe present article undertakes a comprehensive study of ancient Chinese anecdotal and dialogic sources on Chunyu Kun, who is presented in a variety of roles such as trickster, sophist, envoy, jester, procurer of talent for his ruler, and erudite at the so-called Jixia academy which was allegedly established in the pre-imperial state of Qi. The article outlines how certain motifs and topics were reused and, in the process, reshaped by the narrative tradition and Chunyu Kun came to serve as a stock figure in different types of discourse.
Dietary sources and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors affecting vitamin D and calcium intakes in European adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) Study
Authors: Julián Cristina , Mouratidou Theodora , Vicente-Rodriguez Germán , Gracia-Marco Luis , Valtueña Jara , González-Gross Marcela , Ferrari Marika , Gottrand Frederic , Manios Yannis , de la O Alejandro , Widhalm Kurt , Molnár Dénes , Kafatos Antonios , Sjöström Michael , Kersting Mathilde , Gunter Marc J , De Henauw Stefaan , Moreno Luis A , Huybrechts Inge 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate dietary sources of Ca and vitamin D (VitD) intakes, and the associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, among European adolescents.DesignLinear regression mixed models were used to examine sex-specific associations of Ca and VitD intakes with parental education, family affluence (FAS), physical activity and television (TV) watching while controlling for age, Tanner stage, energy intake and diet quality.SettingThe Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA)Cross-Sectional Study.SubjectsAdolescents aged 12·5–17·5 years (n 1804).ResultsMilk and cheese were the main sources of Ca (23 and 19 % contribution to overall Ca intake, respectively). Fish products were the main VitD source (30 % contribution to overall VitD intake). Ca intake was positively associated with maternal education (β=56·41; 95 % CI 1·98, 110·82) and negatively associated with TV viewing in boys (β=–0·43; 95 % CI −0·79, −0·07); however, the significance of these associations disappeared when adjusting for diet quality. In girls, Ca intake was positively associated with mother’s (β=73·08; 95 % CI 34·41, 111·74) and father’s education (β=43·29; 95 % CI 5·44, 81·14) and FAS (β=37·45; 95 % CI 2·25, 72·65). This association between Ca intake and mother’s education remained significant after further adjustment for diet quality (β=41·66; 95 % CI 0·94, 82·38). Girls with high-educated mothers had higher Ca intake.ConclusionsLow-educated families with poor diet quality may be targeted when strategizing health promotion programmes to enhance dietary Ca.