bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: NEW APPROACH FOR THE STEREOCONTROLLED SYNTHESIS OF ACYCLIC TERPENES
Authors: TROST B. M. , WEBER L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMethylgeraniat (I) liefert den Komplex (II), der mit dem Malonesteranion zu (III) kondensiert und in den Ester (IV) übergeführt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: STEROIDS. CLXXVIII. B‐HOMOSTEROIDS. XIV. SYNTHESIS OF 6β,7Aβ‐CYCLO‐B‐HOMO‐5α‐CHOLEST‐2‐ENE
Authors: KOHOUT L. , FAJKOS J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Bromierung des Cholestanons (Ia) liefert ein Gemisch der epimeren Bromketone (Ib), aus dem durch Reduktion mit Na‐borhydrid die Bromhydrine (II) erhalten werden.
ChemInform Abstract: 11‐AZASTEROIDS. III. SYNTHESIS OF 11‐AZAESTROGENS
Authors: BADANOVA YU. P. , PIVNITSKII K. K. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractZur Synthese des 1 1‐Aza= östratrien‐1,3,5(lO)‐ol‐3‐ons‐1 7 (VI) geht man von der 9,1 1‐Secosäure (I) aus, führt diese nacheinander in das Chlorid, Azid und Isocyanat über und cyclisiert zur Verbindung (II).
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF DL‐TRIACETYLDAUNOSAMINE
Authors: WONG CHIU MING , HO TSE‐LOK , NIEMCZURA WALTER P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie selektive Bromierung des Oxarzols (Ia) mit N‐Bromsuccinimid zum Brommethylderivat (Ib), dessen Umsetzung mit KCN in HCN‐Äther im Bombenrohr zum Cyanid (Ic) und dessen Reaktion mit HCl‐Methanol liefert den Ester (Id), der mit HCl‐Essigsäure zur Carbonsäure (Ie) hydrolysiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: PHENOL OXIDATION. IV. SYNTHESIS AND NOVEL RING‐OPENING OF SPIROCYCLIC DIENONES RELATED TO THE BENZYLISOQUINOLINE ALKALOID CULARINE
Authors: BIRCH ANTHONY J. , JACKSON ANTHONY H. , SHANNON PATRICK V. R. , STEWART GEORGE W. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractOxidative Kupplungsreaktion des Diphenols (I) liefert ein Diastereomerengemisch des Die:nons (II), das bei der Behandlung mit HCl in Eisessig das Isochinolinderivat (III) gibt.
ChemInform Abstract: PIPERACEAE ALKALOIDS. IV. STRUCTURE AND SYNTHESIS OF CYCLOSTACHINE A, CYCLOSTACHINE B, AND CYCLOPIPERSTACHINE
Authors: JOSHI BALAWANT S. , VISWANATHAN NARAYANAN , GAWAD DILIP H. , BALAKRISHNAN VENKATACHALAM , PHILIPSBORN WOLFGANG VON 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Strukturen der aus Piper trichostachyon C. DC. isolierten neuen Alkaloide (IId) (Cyclostachin A), (III) (Cyclostachin B) und (IIe) (Cyclopiperstachin) werden durch Synthese bestätigt: Intramolekulare Diels‐Alder‐Cyclisierung des Esters (I) gibt ein trennbares Gemisch der Isomeren (IIa) und (IIb); die aus (IIa) erhältliche Säure (IIc) wird über ihr Säurechlorid in die Amide (IId) und (IIe) übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: FACILE TWO SYNTHON APPROACH TO DEETHYLDEOXYCAMPTOTHECIN
Authors: WALRAVEN H. G. M. , PANDIT U. K. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas Äthoxylacton (I) bildet mit Malonsäurediäthylester das Additionsprodukt (II), das bei der sauren Hydrolyse zum Bislacton (III) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: INFLUENCE OF THE POSITION OF THE SIDE‐CHAIN HYDROXY GROUP ON THE BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PROSTAGLANDINS
Authors: COLLINS P. W. , DAJANI E. Z. , BRUHN M. S. , BROWN C. H. , PALMER J. R. , PAPPO R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus dem Cyclopentenonol (Ia) erhält man über den Äther (Ib) mit den gemischten Cu‐acetyliden (II) die Kondensate (III).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF (7E,9Z)‐7,9‐DODECADIEN‐1‐YL ACETATE, A SEX PHEROMONE OF LOBESIA BOTRANA
Authors: LABOVITZ J. N. , HENRICK C. A. , CORBIN V. L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAcrolein (I) und 1‐Butinyl‐magnesiumbromid (II) reagieren zu einem Addukt (III), aus dem mit Trimethylorthoacetat/Propionsäure die Ester (IVa) erhalten werden, wobei E‐ und Z‐Isomere im Verhältnis 4:1 entstehen.
Robust cloud management of MANET checkpoint sessions
Authors: Alshareef Hazzaa Naif , Grigoras Dan 
Published: March 2016

SummaryIn a traditional mobile ad‐hoc network (MANET), if two nodes are engaged in a session and one of them departs suddenly, their communication is aborted. The session is not active anymore, work is lost, and consequently, the energy of the batteries which is a critical resource has been wasted. This paper proposes a model that uses a cloud service to register, save, pause, and resume sessions between MANET member nodes so that both the work in progress and energy are saved. A checkpoint technique is introduced to capture the progress of a session and allow it to be resumed. This is an additional service to our cloud management of the MANET. The model proposed in this paper was tested on Android‐based devices and an Amazon cloud instance. Experimental results show that the model is feasible, robust, and saves time and, more importantly, energy if session breaks occur frequently. We have also enhanced the authentication process by using a two‐way authentication method to provide a high level of protection when accessing system services. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intensity of space use reveals conditional sex‐specific effects of prey and conspecific density on home range size
Authors: Aronsson Malin , Low Matthew , López‐Bao José V. , Persson Jens , Odden John , Linnell John D. C. , Andrén Henrik 
Published: March 2016

AbstractHome range (HR) size variation is often linked to resource abundance, with sex differences expected to relate to sex‐specific fitness consequences. However, studies generally fail to disentangle the effects of the two main drivers of HR size variation, food and conspecific density, and rarely consider how their relative influence change over spatiotemporal scales. We used location data from 77 Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) from a 16‐year Scandinavian study to examine HR sizes variation relative to prey and conspecific density at different spatiotemporal scales. By varying the isopleth parameter (intensity of use) defining the HR, we show that sex‐specific effects were conditional on the spatial scale considered. Males had larger HRs than females in all seasons. Females' total HR size declined as prey and conspecific density increased, whereas males' total HR was only affected by conspecific density. However, as the intensity of use within the HR increased (from 90% to 50% isopleth), the relationship between prey density and area showed opposing patterns for females and males; for females, the prey density effect was reduced, while for males, prey became increasingly important. Thus, prey influenced the size of key regions within male HRs, despite total HR size being independent of prey density. Males reduced their HR size during the mating season, likely to remain close to individual females in estrous. Females reduced their HR size postreproduction probably because of movement constrains imposed by dependent young. Our findings highlight the importance of simultaneously considering resources and intraspecific interactions as HR size determinants. We show that sex‐specific demands influence the importance of prey and conspecific density on space use at different spatiotemporal scales. Thus, unless a gradient of space use intensity is examined, factors not related to total HR size might be disregarded despite their importance in determining size of key regions within the HR.
Fast production of microfluidic devices by CO2 laser engraving of wax‐coated glass slides
Authors: da Costa Eric T. , Santos Mauro F. S. , Jiao Hong , do Lago Claudimir L. , Gutz Ivano G. R. , Garcia Carlos D. 
Published: March 2016

Glass is one of the most convenient materials for the development of microfluidic devices. However, most fabrication protocols require long processing times and expensive facilities. As a convenient alternative, polymeric materials have been extensively used due their lower cost and versatility. Although CO2 laser ablation has been used for fast prototyping on polymeric materials, it cannot be applied to glass devices because the local heating causes thermal stress and results in extensive cracking. A few papers have shown the ablation of channels or thin holes (used as reservoirs) on glass but the process is still far away from yielding functional glass microfluidic devices. To address these shortcomings, this communication describes a simple method to engrave glass‐based capillary electrophoresis devices using standard (1 mm‐thick) microscope glass slides. The process uses a sacrificial layer of wax as heat sink and enables the development of both channels (with semicircular shape) and pass‐through reservoirs. Although microscope images showed some small cracks around the channels (that became irrelevant after sealing the engraved glass layer to PDMS) the proposed strategy is a leap forward in the application of the technology to glass. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the approach, the separation of dopamine, catechol and uric acid was accomplished in less than 100 s.
Local‐ and regional‐scale biomorphodynamics due to tree uprooting in semi‐natural and managed montane forests of the Sudetes Mountains, Central Europe
Authors: Pawlik Łukasz , Migoń Piotr , Szymanowski Mariusz 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this work, direct and indirect geomorphic consequences of wind‐related tree uprooting are examined, using an extensive dataset from the mountain range of the Sudetes, Poland. The role of local conditions in influencing the geomorphic efficacy of tree uprooting is examined, as well as issues of upscaling individual observations from experimental sites. This problem is approached at a range of spatial and observational scales, from monitoring of root plate degradation over time through to examination of wind effects at a slope scale and region‐wide analysis. In our study area the mean root plate volume is between 0.4 and 4.2 m3 for spruce and 2.4 m3 for beech, and their degradation may last tens of years. The density of relict pit‐and‐mound microtopography varies from 2.7 up to 40 pairs per hectare and the maximum coverage of terrain is 4.7%. The volume of treethrow mounds varies from 0.5 to 3.1 m3 and mounds seem to outlive the pits formed in the same episode of disturbance. However, in specific lithological and topographic conditions, pit‐and‐mound topography does not form. The maximum biogenic transport attributable to a single windstorm event is c. 80 m3 ha−1, while soil turnover times are calculated in the order of 1000–10 000 years. Rock fragment ‘mining’ is an important biogeomorphic process, both in terms of impact on hillslope surfaces and on soil properties. Gravel armours and small‐scale stepped topography may form instead of typical pit–mound associations in specific circumstances. Managed forests appear more prone to wind damage and associated geomorphic consequences. In the Sudetes Mountains, the variable role of tree uprooting in local and regional hillslope denudation is governed by forest stand structure, topography and regolith properties, with the former significantly influenced by human activity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nuclear protein in testis midline carcinoma of larynx: An underdiagnosed entity
Authors: Kundra Ajay , Andrei Mirela , Westra William , Chaudhry Rashid , Moussouris Harry , Gohari Arash , Wang Jen C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundNuclear protein in testis (NUT) carcinomas are very rare and have a very poor survival rate. The most common sites of involvement include the nasal cavity, sinus, and mediastinum. Laryngeal NUT midline carcinoma is extremely rare, with only 2 cases reported thus far. Here, we are describing another case of NUT laryngeal carcinoma.Methods and ResultsThe patient was a light smoker and nondrinker who presented with upper respiratory tract obstruction. Imaging and laryngoscopic evaluation revealed a large intraluminal laryngeal mass. Biopsy demonstrated poorly differentiated carcinoma with intact mucosa and only focal coexpression of CK5/6 and p40. NUT protein immune‐stain positivity conclusively established the diagnosis of NUT midline carcinoma.ConclusionAbsence of well‐known risk factors, pathologic finding of lack of mucosal involvement and lack of squamous differentiation with poorly differentiated carcinoma, should prompt clinicians to consider this rare entity as a possible diagnosis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38:E2471–E2474, 2016
Remote estimation of terrestrial evapotranspiration by Landsat 5 TM and the SEBAL model in cold and high‐altitude regions: a case study of the upper reach of the Shule River Basin, China
Authors: Chang Yaping , Ding Yongjian , Zhao Qiudong , Zhang Shiqiang 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEvapotranspiration (ET) is an important expenditure in water and energy balances, especially on cold and high‐altitude land surfaces. Daily ET of the upper reach of the Shule River Basin was estimated using Landsat 5 TM data and the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) model. Based on observations made at the Suli station, the algorithms of land surface temperature and soil heat flux in SEBAL were modified. Land surface temperature was retrieved and compared with ground truth via three methods: the radiative transfer equation method, the mono‐window algorithm, and the single‐channel method. We selected the best of these methods, mono‐window algorithm, for estimating ET. The average error of daily ET estimated by the modified SEBAL model and measured by the eddy covariance system was 16.4%, with a root‐mean‐square error of 0.52 mm d−1. The estimated ET means were 3.09, 2.48, and 1.48 mm d−1 on June 9 (DOY 160), June 25 (DOY 176), and July 27 (DOY 208) of the year 2010, respectively. The average estimated ET on the glacier surface of all days was more than 3 mm d−1, a measurement that is difficult to capture in‐situ and has rarely been reported. This study will improve the understanding of water balance in cold, high‐altitude regions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Women's Empowerment: What Works?
Authors: Cornwall Andrea 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWith radical roots in the 1980s, women's empowerment is now a mainstream development concern. Much of the narrative focuses on instrumental gains—what women can do for development rather than what development can do for women. Empowerment is treated as a destination reached through development's equivalent of motorways: programmes rolled out over any terrain. But in the process, pathways women are travelling in their own individual or collective journeys of empowerment remain hidden. Revisiting foundational feminist work on empowerment, this article draws on findings from multi‐country research programme, Pathways of Women's Empowerment, to explore what works to support these journeys. © 2016 UNU‐WIDER. Journal of International Development published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in cancer patients under chemotherapy: A prospective study on the incidence of complications and overall failures
Authors: Bertoglio Sergio , Faccini Beatrice , Lalli Luca , Cafiero Ferdinando , Bruzzi Paolo 
Published: March 2016

Background and ObjectivesThe increasing use of peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs) for chemotherapy has led to the observation of an elevated risk of complications and failures. This study investigates PICC failures in cancer patients.MethodsA prospective study was conducted at a single cancer institution on 291 PICC placement for chemotherapy. The primary study outcome was PICC failure.ResultsMedian follow‐up was 119 days. PICC complications occurred in 72 patients (24.7%) and failures with removal in 44 (15.1%). Reasons for failures were upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UEDVT) 12 (4.1%), central line associate bloodstream infection (CLABSI) 5 (1.7%) with an infection rate of 0.95 per 1,000 catheter days, exit site infection 9 (3.1%) with a rate of 1.46 per 1,000 catheter days, catheter dislodgment 11 (3.8%), and occlusion 7 (2.4%). Statistically significant risk factors were previous DVT (HR 2.95, 95%CI 1.33–6.53), reason for PICC implant (HR 3.65, 95%CI 1.12–10.34) and 5‐fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and bevacizumab based chemotherapy (HR 3.11, 95%CI 1.17–8.26).ConclusionsPICC is a safe venous device for chemotherapy delivery. Nevertheless, a 15% rate of failure has to be taken in account when planning PICC insertion for chemotherapy purposes. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:708–714. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Impact of Development Plans on Hydrological Changes in the Shazand Watershed, Iran
Authors: Davudirad Ali Akbar , Sadeghi Seyed Hamidreza , Sadoddin Amir 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDevelopment plans are mainly responsible for population changes and the conversion of forest and rangelands into agricultural lands and human settlements. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of population and land use changes are necessary to assess the impacts of change on hydrological processes. However, such important issues have been less considered worldwide particularly in developing countries. Therefore, we selected the Shazand Watershed (1740 km2) because of rapid industrialization to track the effects of land use and population changes on streamflow and sediment yield. The data were collected from statistical yearbooks and satellite imageries from 1973 to 2008. All available measurements on discharge and suspended sediment concentration at the Pole doab hydrological station were also collected. The study was conducted for the whole period, as well as the pre‐1991 and post‐1991 as a basis for the economic development growth in the region. We found that the land use and population changes have occurred in the Shazand Watershed, especially in the vicinity of industrial zones. The results showed that the cities, industrial zones, roads, and bare lands quickly increased from 58 · 8 to 134 · 3 km2 during post‐1991. The flow durations, sediment rating curves and trend analyses indicated distinct variations in the relationship between streamflow and sediment and also caused changes within different periods. Based on the results, the mean annual flow and sediment yield in post industrialization (1991–2008) were respectively 0 · 84 and 1 · 19 times of those for pre‐industrialization period and the annual sediment yield increased from 25,000 to 29,850 Mg. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Plasma fatty acid patterns reflect dietary habits and metabolic health: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Li Kaifeng , Brennan Lorraine , McNulty Breige A. , Bloomfield Jack F. , Duff Dan. J. , Devlin Niamh F.C. , Gibney Michael J. , Flynn Albert , Walton Janette , Nugent Anne P. 
Published: March 2016

ScopeUsing pattern analysis, we investigated the relationship between plasma fatty acid patterns, dietary intake, and biomarkers of metabolic health using data from the Irish National Adult Nutrition Survey.Methods and resultsPlasma fatty acid patterns were derived from 26 plasma fatty acids using k‐means cluster analysis. Four clusters were identified, each with a distinct fatty acid profile. Cluster 1 included high proportions of linoleic acid (LA) and low proportions of stearic acid (SA); cluster 2 was higher in n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and SA; the profile of cluster 3 was higher in very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acid (VLCSFA) and lower in α‐linolenic acid (ALA) (cluster 3); while cluster 4 was higher in fatty acids related to de novo lipogenesis and 20:3n‐6 and lower in LA (cluster 4). In general, cluster 4 was associated with adverse metabolic profile and higher metabolic risk (p < 0.033). Clusters 2 and 3 were associated with healthier and protective phenotypes (p < 0.033).ConclusionDistinct fatty acid patterns were identified which were related to demographics, dietary habits, and metabolic profile. A pattern higher in VLCSFA and lower in ALA was associated with healthier metabolic outcome.
Assessment of a program to encourage the multidisciplinary management of urinary disorders in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Castel‐Lacanal Evelyne , Gamé Xavier , Clanet Michel , De Boissezon Xavier , Brassat David , Rischmann Pascal , Marque Philippe 
Published: March 2016

AimsUrinary disorders (UD) secondary to multiple sclerosis (MS) are common and can be responsible for complications. Since 2004, we organized in our region their management through a neuro‐urological activity and a care network that established and distributed an algorithm for screening and first line care. The objective was to assess the effects of this organization on the management of UD and its impact for patients.MethodsBetween January 2004 and December 2009, 328 patients were seen in neuro‐urological consultation. The data of a group of 168 patients consulting during the deployment of our organization (before January 2007: group 1) were compared to those of 160 patients taken when the organization was well established (from January 2007: group 2). In parallel, the modification of the prescription rate of the first‐line examination patients was evaluated.ResultsThe two groups were significantly different concerning age, duration of MS, EDSS score (Group 1 vs. Group 2 respectively 51.6 ± 12.6 vs. 48 ± 11.8 years, P = 0.008; 19 ± 9.7 vs. 13.8 ± 10.5 years, P < 0.0001; 5.8 ±2.0 vs. 5.1 ± 2.1, P = 0.008). The occurrence of urinary complications in group 1 was more frequent than in group 2 (66.3% vs. 40%, P < 0.0001). The rate of first‐line examinations rose from 1/16 patient seen in January 2006 to 9/12 patients in January 2008.ConclusionThe multidisciplinary management of UD in MS led to patients being cared for sooner in the evolution of MS, with fewer complications and to an improvement in the rate of prescription of first‐line examinations. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:706–709, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The fecal incontinence quality of life scale (FIQL) and fecal incontinence severity index (FISI): Validation of the Dutch versions
Authors: ‘t Hoen Lisette A. , Utomo Elaine , Schouten Willem R. , Blok Bertil F.M. , Korfage Ida J. 
Published: March 2016

AimsFecal incontinence (FI) is known to have a major impact on quality of life. The Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life scale (FIQL) and Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI) have been developed to assess this impact. The aim of this study was to validate the FIQL and FISI in the Dutch language.MethodsThe study population consisted of women and men experiencing FI and a reference group. The FIQL (four domains) and FISI questionnaires were validated by testing standardized measurement properties: discriminative ability, internal consistency, reproducibility, construct validity, and responsiveness.ResultsA total of 55 patients and 277 reference participants were included. Patients had significant lower and higher scores at the FIQL and FISI, respectively, than references (FIQL: 2.58 ± 0.70 and 3.92 ± 0.36, FISI: 38.57 ± 10.73 and 23.17 ± 15.01; P < 0.001), indicating worse functioning in patients and with this the discriminative abilities of the measures. The FIQL demonstrated adequate internal consistency on all domains (0.72–0.96), except for the embarrassment domain (0.55). The reproducibility was good for both measures. A negative correlation was found between the FIQL and FISI. Furthermore, the FIQL showed a positive (0.77) and the FISI a negative correlation (−0.31) with the Mental Component Summary scale of the SF‐12. Responsiveness analysis showed a minimal important change of 0.40 points for the FIQL.ConclusionsValidity and reliability were good in the Dutch FIQL, but inconclusive in the FISI. The Dutch FIQL can support physicians in determining the impact of FI on patient's quality of life. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:710–715, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.