bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of behavioral responses to thermal challenges
Authors: Shelton Delia S. , Alberts Jeffrey R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBody temperature regulation involves the development of responses to cold and warm challenges. Matching our understanding of the development of body temperature regulation to warm challenges with that of cold challenges will enhance our understanding of the ontogeny of thermoregulation and reveal different adaptive specializations. Warm and cold thermoregulation are important processes, and they include direct thermal effects on offspring, as well as indirect effects on them, such as those imposed by thermally associated alterations of maternal behavior. The present paper is a selective review of the existing literature and a report of some new empirical data, aimed at processes of mammalian development, especially those affecting behavior. We briefly discuss the development of body temperature regulation in rats and mice, and thermal aspects of maternal behavior with emphasis on responses to high temperatures. The new data extend previous analyses of individual and group responses in developing rodents to warm and cool ambient temperatures. This literature not only reveals a variety of adaptive specializations during development, but it points to the earlier appearance in young mammals of abilities to combat heat loss, relative to protections from hyperthermia. These relative developmental delays in compensatory defenses to heating appear to render young mammals especially vulnerable to environmental warming. We describe cascading consequences of warming—effects that illustrate interactions across levels of physiological, neural, and behavioral development.
Muscle wasting and sarcopenia in heart failure and beyond: update 2017
Authors: Springer Jochen , Springer Joshua‐I. , Anker Stefan D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSarcopenia (loss of muscle mass and muscle function) is a strong predictor of frailty, disability and mortality in older persons and may also occur in obese subjects. The prevalence of sarcopenia is increased in patients suffering from chronic heart failure. However, there are currently few therapy options. The main intervention is resistance exercise, either alone or in combination with nutritional support, which seems to enhance the beneficial effects of training. Also, testosterone has been shown to increased muscle power and function; however, a possible limitation is the side effects of testosterone. Other investigational drugs include selective androgen receptor modulators, growth hormone, IGF‐1, compounds targeting myostatin signaling, which have their own set of side effects. There are abundant prospective targets for improving muscle function in the elderly with or without chronic heart failure, and the continuing development of new treatment strategies and compounds for sarcopenia and cardiac cachexia makes this field an exciting one.
Just following orders? The rhetorical invocation of ‘obedience’ in Stanley Milgram's post‐experiment interviews
Authors: Gibson Stephen , Blenkinsopp Grace , Johnstone Elizabeth , Marshall Aimee 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRecent research has begun to challenge the received idea that Milgram's ‘obedience’ experiments are demonstrations of obedience as typically understood (i.e., as social influence elicited in response to direct orders). One key warrant for explaining the studies in terms of obedience has been the post‐experiment interviews conducted with participants. The present study uses data from archived audio recordings of these interviews to highlight the extent to which participants used rhetorical strategies emphasising obedience when pressed by the interviewer to account for their behaviour. Previous research that has used these accounts as reports of underlying processes misses the extent to which they performed particular social actions in the context of their production. It is concluded that the standard social psychological version of ‘obedience’ is present in the experiments after all, but in a rather different way than is typically assumed—rather than an empirical finding, obedience is a participants' resource.
Replication of a Modified Factor Structure for the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire: Extension to Clinical Eating Disorder and Non‐clinical Samples in Portugal
Authors: Machado Paulo P.P. , Grilo Carlos M. , Crosby Ross D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPsychometric investigations of the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) have generally not supported the original scale structure. The present study tested an alternative brief factor structure in two large Portuguese samples: (1) a non‐clinical sample of N = 4117 female students and (2) a treatment‐seeking sample of N = 609 patients diagnosed with eating disorders. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a poor fit for the original EDE‐Q structure in both the non‐clinical and the clinical samples but revealed a good fit for the alternative 7‐item 3‐factor structure (dietary restraint, shape/weight overvaluation and body dissatisfaction). Factor loadings were invariant across samples and across the different specific eating disorder diagnoses in the clinical sample. These confirmatory factor analysis findings, which replicate findings from studies with diverse predominately overweight/obese samples, supported a modified 7‐item, 3‐factor structure for the EDE‐Q. The reliable findings across different non‐clinical and clinical eating disorder groups provide confidence regarding the potential utility of this brief version. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Wireless energy harvesting in cooperative decode‐and‐forward relaying networks over mixed generalized η‐μ and κ‐μ fading channels
Authors: Badarneh Osamah S. , Almehmadi Fares S. , Ansari Imran Shafique , Yang Xiaodong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the performance of dual‐hop relaying networks with wireless energy harvesting at the relay node over generalized η‐μ and κ‐μ fading channels. Our analysis considers decode‐and‐forward relays with a single antenna as well as source and destination nodes equipped with a single antenna. Specifically, we derive an accurate approximate analytical expression for the system outage probability (OP). The derived OP considers 3 different energy harvesting mechanisms: (1) time switching–based relaying, (2) power splitting–based relaying, and (3) ideal relaying receiver. Furthermore, we obtain accurate approximate analytical expressions for the system ergodic capacity and achievable throughput for the time switching–based relaying, power splitting–based relaying, and ideal relaying receiver. In addition, an accurate approximate analytical expression for the average bit error rate for several coherent modulation schemes is obtained. Through some numerical examples, we study the OP, throughput, and average bit‐error‐rate performance of the overall system under different system parameters such as fading parameters, energy harvesting time, power splitting factor, and signal‐to‐noise ratio. The results show that the effect of increasing the fading parameter μ on the system performance is more pronounced than that of increasing the fading parameters η and κ. Besides, increasing the energy harvesting time or the power splitting factor may be either beneficial or harmful for the throughput performance. Our numerical results are accompanied with Monte Carlo simulations to verify the accuracy of our analysis.
Consumer acceptability of gluten‐free cookies containing raw cooked and germinated pinto bean flours
Authors: Simons Courtney Wayne , Hall Clifford 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBeany and grassy flavors in raw edible bean flours reduce consumer acceptability of bean‐based baked products. In order to improve consumer acceptability, beans may be further processed by cooking and germination. However, these operations drive up the cost of end‐products. Therefore, it is necessary to develop formulations, using raw edible bean flours that have acceptable sensory attributes. In this study, cooked, germinated, and germinated/steam‐blanched (GSB) pinto bean flours were used to make gluten‐free cookies, and their sensory characteristics evaluated to determine how their consumer acceptability scores compared. Taste panelists (31) graded cookies made from raw pinto beans with an overall value of 6 on a 9‐point hedonic scale (p < .05). This rating was not significantly different from cookies formulated with germinated and GSB flours. Therefore, gluten‐free cookies can be made using raw pinto bean flours at a 40% inclusion level, with similar sensory characteristics as those prepared with flours treated by cooking and germination. Instrumental measurement of cookie hardness and color showed no significant difference in hardness, but significant differences in color. The germinated bean flour produced cookies with a significantly lower L* value and significantly higher a*, b*, Chroma and hue values compared to the other treatments. There was no significant difference in the cookie spread ratio. Proximate composition, water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI) and gelatinization properties of the flour treatments were characterized.
Geochronology and geochemistry of the Late Jurassic bimodal volcanic rocks from Hailisen area, central‐southern Great Xing'an Range, Northeast China
Authors: Liu Changfeng , Zhou Zhiguang , Wang Guosheng , Wu Chen , Li Hongying , Zhu Yan , Jiang Tian , Liu Wencan , Ye Baoying 
Published: November 2017

Zircon U–Pb dating and whole‐rock geochemical analysis have been studied on the Late Jurassic volcanic rocks in the Hailisen area, Northeastern China, with the aim of constraining the tectonic evolution of the central‐southern Great Xing'an Range during the Late Jurassic. The volcanic rocks mainly consist of andesite from the Tamulangou Formation, and rhyolite and minor dacite from the Manketouebo Formation. The results of inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry Zircon U–Pb dating for two andesites and one dacite indicate that they formed in the Late Jurassic (161–150 Ma). The mafic rocks are characteristic of low TiO2 (1.01–1.04 wt.%) and P2O5 (0.23–0.31 wt.%) contents, and high Al2O3 (17.19–20.18 wt.%) and CaO (6.69–7.45 wt.%) contents, and belong to the low‐K tholeiitic series. These mafic rocks are also characterized by moderately enriched light rare earth element (LREE) patterns and high abundances of Th, U, Zr, and Hf but negative Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies. The felsic rocks are enriched in alkalis, Th, U, and LREEs; depleted in Ba, Sr, Nb, Ta, and Ti; and exhibit moderately LREE‐enriched patterns. These features indicate that the mafic volcanic rocks were likely formed by the partial melting of a lithospheric mantle that was metasomatized by subduction‐derived components, but the felsic rocks could derived by partial melting of a crustal source. The Tamulangou and Manketouebo formations have compositions of typical bimodal volcanism, an extensional environment, similar to a post‐orogenic setting, which might be related to the closure of Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean.
Early Paleozoic arc magmatism and metamorphism in the northern Qilian Block, western China: Petrological and geochronological constraints
Authors: Peng Yin‐Biao , Yu Sheng‐Yao , Zhang Jian‐Xin , Li San‐Zhong , Tong Lai‐Xi , Sun De‐You 
Published: November 2017

The Datong–Menyuan Complex, located in the northern margin of the Qilian Block, is composed dominantly of high‐grade metamorphic rocks covered by a Paleozoic–Mesozoic sedimentary sequence. In this study, we present petrographic observation, conventional thermobarometry and P–T pseudosection modelling, whole‐rock major and trace geochemistry, zircons U–Pb dating and Hf isotopic data together, to reveal the relationship between the magmatism and metamorphism along the northern margin of the Qilian Block. The anticlockwise P–T paths of gneiss and amphibolites are obtained using the garnet isopleths thermobaromety combined with phase equilibria modelling. The P–T pseudosection also shows that the gneiss and amphibolite underwent similar retrograde metamorphism with slightly different peak metamorphic conditions at ~720 °C and ~6.4 kbar for the former and ~700 °C and ~7.1 kbar for the latter. This indicates the Datong–Menyuan Complex recorded an amphibolite–granulite‐facies metamorphism. The zircon U–Pb analyses of 3 intrusive rocks including granitic dike, diorite, and granite are dated at ca. 499.8 ± 4.3, 495.9 ± 3.3, and 505.5 ± 3.2 Ma, and 3 representative metamorphic rocks underwent contemporaneous metamorphism at ca. 498.9 ± 4.1, 504.4 ± 3.9, and 499.3 ± 2.9 Ma. Zircon Hf isotopic analyses show that 505‐Ma zircons from the granitoid have positive εHf(t) values ranging from +8.5 to +12.8, indicating a depleted mantle source. Based on the penecontemporaneous magmatic and metamorphic event, we suggest that the southward subduction of the north Qilian Ocean triggered the activity of mantle‐derived magma and coeval metamorphic event. A subsequent compression is attributed to crustal thickening, indicating counter clockwise P–T paths. Combining these data with previous studies, it suggests paired metamorphic belts: the penecontemporaneous high‐temperature metamorphic belt related to an arc along the northern Qilian Block and high‐pressure/low‐temperature metamorphic belt existed in the north Qilian suture.
Safety and effectiveness of endovascular embolization or stent‐graft reconstruction for treatment of acute carotid blowout syndrome in patients with head and neck cancer: Case series and systematic review of observational studies
Authors: Wong Daniel J. Y. , Donaldson Christopher , Lai Leon T. , Coleman Andrew , Giddings Charles , Slater Lee‐Anne , Chandra Ronil V. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundIndications for treatment and outcomes after endovascular management of carotid blowout syndrome for patients with head and neck cancer are not well defined. We investigated the safety and effectiveness of endovascular embolization and stent‐graft reconstruction.MethodsA literature review was performed for studies published between 2001 and 2015 with relevance to treatment outcomes. Our institutional database was examined to identify patients treated with endovascular techniques.ResultsA total of 266 patients were included. Rates of procedural stroke were higher after embolization of internal carotid artery (ICA)/common carotid artery (CCA) compared to stent graft (embolization 10.3%; stent graft 2.5%; P < .02). Stent graft of ICA/CCA was associated with higher rates of recurrent bleeding (embolization 9.1%; stent graft 31.9%; P < .01).ConclusionBoth embolization and stent grafts are safe therapeutic options for acute carotid blowout syndrome. Embolization for ICA/CCA carotid blowout syndrome was associated with higher risks of procedural stroke and lower recurrent bleeding compared to stent grafts.
Australian community pharmacists’ knowledge of popular herbal/nutrient weight‐loss complementary medicines
Authors: Taing Meng‐Wong , Clavarino Alexandra M. , McGuire Treasure M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundHerbal/nutrient weight‐loss complementary medicines (WLCMs) are widely available in community pharmacies and are popular with Australian consumers. Pharmacists have an obligation to ensure they provide appropriate advice to consumers about complementary medicines as they do with registered prescription medicines.Aims(i) To assess community pharmacists’ knowledge regarding current evidence for the efficacy, potential side effects, and drug interactions of commonly sold/recommended WLCMs. (ii) To ascertain whether self‐reported level of knowledge is a reliable predictor of WLCM knowledge.MethodPharmacists from a randomly selected sample of 214 community pharmacies in the Greater Brisbane region, Australia, were invited to complete a knowledge‐based questionnaire relating to three commonly sold/recommended WLCMs – garcinia, green tea and chromium.ResultsNinety‐nine pharmacists completed the questionnaire (51% response rate). Approximately 20% selected the appropriate efficacy ratings for garcinia and green tea, with only 10% selecting the appropriate response for chromium. A mismatch was observed between what pharmacists recognised as adverse effects and interactions for the three common WLCMs compared to published findings, with a bias toward nervous system (i.e. insomnia and headache) and gastrointestinal side effects, and interactions with warfarin. Pharmacists who reported a good working knowledge were statistically able to identify only one of 14 adverse effects (insomnia associated with green tea) more than those reporting knowing little/don't remember/never heard of these WLCMs, yet were more likely to recommend the WLCMs green tea and chromium.ConclusionIrrespective of pharmacists’ perceived levels of WLCM knowledge, there is a need for targeted education interventions focusing on commonly sold WLCMs that have potential safety concerns. Pharmacists should also understand the regulatory landscape for listing CMs in the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG) and its implications relating to product efficacy, which may affect their decision to supply WLCM products.
Submicron Raman spectroscopy mapping of serpentinite fault rocks
Authors: Rooney Jeremy S. , Tarling Matthew S. , Smith Steven A.F. , Gordon Keith C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSubmicron Raman spectroscopy mapping is able to unambiguously distinguish the main serpentine minerals within their in situ microstructural context. The high spatial resolution (~370 nm), large‐area coverage (up to hundreds of micrometres in each dimension), and ability to map directly on polished thin sections allows novel interpretations to be made regarding the nature and evolution of serpentinite fault rock textures. The potential of this method is illustrated by examining submicron‐scale textures of scaly serpentinites (e.g., dissolution seams, mineral growth in pressure shadows, distribution, and intergrowth of serpentine minerals) from a lithospheric‐scale shear zone in New Zealand and a subduction‐related serpentinite body in California, USA.
Raman‐scattering studies of pressure‐induced phase transitions in perovskite‐like acetamidninium manganese formate
Authors: Mączka Mirosław , da Silva Tercio Almeida , Paraguassu Waldeci 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe report high‐pressure Raman scattering studies of acetamidninium manganese formate, which show evidence for two pressure‐induced phase transitions between 0.7 and 1.4 GPa and above 5.3 GPa. The first transition is related to distortion of the manganese formate framework whereas the second one affects significantly the structure of the acetamidinium cation. Significant narrowing of the lattice bands suggests that the intermediate and high‐pressure phases are ordered. High‐pressure experiments also indicate different structures of the intermediate phases observed upon compression and decompression. However, release of pressure to ambient value leads to recovery of the initial ambient‐pressure phase.
Can Nomograms Predict Preoperative Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Breast Cancer to Guide Second Look Ultrasonography?
Authors: Azmil Ameerah , Bansal Gaurav Jyoti 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesThe low sensitivity of ultrasonography (US) for diagnosing axillary lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer has led to the development of multiple tools in an attempt to increase preoperative sensitivity, including second‐look US. We compared axillary lymph node metastasis predictor scores with postsurgical findings, using the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC; New York, NY) and Evidencio (www.evidencio.com) nomograms: 2 freely available online predictor tools.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 450 patients with breast cancer and analyzed data from 194 patients. Sonograms were evaluated to measure lymph node cortical thickness, transverse diameter, and hilum status. Patients were divided into 3 groups: namely 0, 1, and 2 based on the number of postoperative positive nodes (0, 1 and ≥2, respectively). One‐way analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in mean scores across the 3 nodal groups for both nomograms. P < .05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThere were significant differences in mean scores across the 3 nodal groups when using MSKCC (P < .001) as well as Evidencio (P < .001). However, there was an overlap of scores across the 3 groups; thus, mutually exclusive values were not obtained. A strong positive correlation was found between MSKCC and Evidencio (P < 0.001). Tumor size and the presence of lymphovascular invasion were significantly associated with axillary nodal disease (P < .001; P = .003, respectively).ConclusionsThe use of nomograms to predict axillary nodal involvement in patients with breast cancer can guide discussions, but in their present state, these scores cannot guide clinical decisions or direct second‐look US of axilla.
In Vitro Evaluation of Anti‐Aggregation and Degradation Behavior of PEGylated Polymeric Nanogels under In Vivo Like Conditions
Authors: Chen Yinan , Dakwar George R. , Braeckmans Kevin , Lammers Twan , Hennink Wim E. , Metselaar Josbert M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe in vivo stability and biodegradability of nanocarriers crucially determine therapeutic efficacy as well as safety when used for drug delivery. This study aims to evaluate optimized in vitro techniques predictive for in vivo nanocarrier behavior. Polymeric biodegradable nanogels based on hydroxyethyl methacrylamide‐oligoglycolates‐derivatized poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylamide‐co‐N‐(2‐azidoethyl)methacrylamide) and with various degrees of PEGylation and crosslinking densities are prepared. Three techniques are chosen and refined for specific in vitro evaluation of the nanocarrier performance: (1) fluorescence single particle tracking (fSPT) to study the stability of nanogels in human plasma, (2) tangential flow filtration (TFF) to study the degradation and filtration of nanogel degradation products, and (3) fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (FFS) to evaluate and compare the degradation behavior of nanogels in buffer and plasma. fSPT results demonstrate that nanogels with highest PEGylation content show the least aggregation. The TFF results reveal that nanogels with higher crosslink density have slower degradation and removal by filtration. FFS results indicate a similar degradation behavior in human plasma as compared to that in phosphate buffered saline. In conclusion, three methods can be used to compare and select the optimal nanogel composition, and these methods hold potential to predict the in vivo performance of nanocarriers.