bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive and Negative Particle Masses in the Bicubic Equation Limiting Particle Velocity Formalism
Authors: Soln Josip 
Published: January 2018

The interest in the negative particle mass here got encouraged by the Rachel Gaal July 2017 APS article (Gaal, 2017)describing Khamehchi et al. (2007) observation of an effective negative mass in a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einsteincondensate. Hence, since in the bicubic equation limiting particle velocity formalism (Soln, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017)positive m+ = m ≻ 0 and negative m− = −m ≺ 0 masses with m2+ = m2− = m2 are equally acceptable, then from a purelytheoretical point of view, the evaluation of particle limiting velocities for both m+ and a m− masses should be done.Starting with the original solutions for particle limiting velocities c1; c2 and c3, given basically for a positive particlemass m+ (Soln, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017), now also are done for a negative particle mass m− This is done consistent withthe bicubic equation mathematics, by solving for c1; c2 and c3 not only form+ but also for m−. Hence, in addition tohaving the limiting velocities of positive mass m+ primary, obscure and normal particles, now one has also the limitingvelocities of negative mass m− primary, obscure and normal particles, however, numerically equal to limiting velocities,respectively of m+ masses obscure, primary and normal particles, forming the m+ and m− masses of equal limiting velocityvalue doublets : c1(m−) = c2(m+), c2(m−) = c1(m+) , c3(m−) = c3(m+). Now, one would like to know as to which particlewith a negative mass m− = −m ≺ 0, obtained from the positive mass m+ = m ≻ 0 with the substitution m − −m, canhave a real limiting velocity? It turns out that it is the obscure particle limiting velocity c2(m+) that changes from theimaginary value, c22(m+) ≺ 0, into the real limiting velocity value c22(m−) ≻ 0 when the change m+ − m− is made and,at the same time, retaining the same energy. Similar procedure applied to the original primary particle limiting velocitystarting with c21(m+) ≻ 0 , keeping the total energy the same,with the change m − −m one ends up with c21(m−) ≺ 0 that is, imaginary c1. The procedure of changing m+ − m− in normal particle limiting velocity causes no change, it remains the same realc3. Because m2 (= m2+ = m2−), E2 and v2 remain the same , these mass regenerations, m+ − m− and m− − m+ could in principle also occur spontaneously.
(Ne)závislosť na poli: kognitívny štýl či schopnosť?
Authors: Krajčíková Lenka 
Published: January 2018

Predkladaný krátky článok pojednáva o testovaní kognitívneho štýlu závislosti/nezávislosti na poli podľa Witkina. Tento kognitívny štýl popísaný v 50. rokoch bol v niekoľkých posledných dekádach vystavený kritike, ktorá sa na jednej strane týka samotnej definície kognitívneho štýlu, na strane druhej i metód, ktoré sú k testovaniu tohto štýlu používané. V práci sa čitateľ dozvie ako o metódach testovania závislosti/nezávislosti na poli tak o kritike tohto konceptu. Hlavným zámerom článku je poskytnúť historický exkurz do testovania kognitívneho štýlu závislosti/nezávislosti na poli pomocou testu k tomu pôvodne určenému (Embedded Figures Test). Čitateľ sa dozvie o nejednoznačnosti použitia testu EFT a pochybnostiach o tom, že skutočne testuje spomínaný kognitívny štýl. Test samotný bude predstavený v novom svetle potenciálne zaujímavého nástoja na testovanie priestorovej kognitívnej schopnosti či všeobecnej inteligencie, čo je však nutné ďalším výskumom objasniť. Presented short paper deals with testing of cognitive style of field dependence/independence by Herman Witkin. This cognitive style described in fifties was wildly criticized in last couple of decades. The criticism was aimed towards the definition of a cognitive style and also towards methods evaluating and testing this so called cognitive style. The paper describes various methods of testing this style and provides brief overview of a criticism of the concept. The main goal of this paper is to provide a historical overview of testing cognitive style of field dependence/independence and to evaluate test created for that purpose (Embedded Figures Test). The reader will find out that EFT is not a completely valid method of testing cognitive style mentioned above and there are some doubts about what this test is really measuring. EFT will be introduced from a slightly different angle, as an interesting method of testing spatial cognitive ability or general intelligence, but these new options of use of EFT require further research.
Recenzia editovanej monografie Psychometric Testing
Authors: Lisá Elena 
Published: January 2018

Publikácia Psychometrické testovanie: kritické perspektívy prináša postrehy z praxe od odborníkov z oblasti psychologického testovania. Kapitoly sú písané nielen psychológmi podkutými v teóriách a histórii psychometriky, ale aj odborníkmi s praktickými znalosťami a skúsenosťami. Z tohto dôvodu je čítanie publikácie osviežujúce, inšpiratívne, no zároveň informačne bohaté s dobrým základom.
Parental Bonding Instrument: Recenze metody
Authors: Woznicová Adéla 
Published: January 2018

Dotazník je možné využívat za účelem rychlého a pouze orientačního zjištění rodičovské vazby k jedinci, a to i v aplikačních oblastech definovaných distributorem. Je však nutné výsledky zasazovat do celkového vyšetření, tj. používat je například jako základ k dalšímu rozhovoru, a nestavět závěry pouze na výsledcích této metody. Dotazník je vhodný pro využití ve výzkumu.
Tunable Elliptical Split Ring Resonator Using Single Varactor Diode
Authors: Elkorany A. S. , Ahmed G. , Saleeb D. , Mohamed H. A. 
Published: January 2018

In this paper, the effect of changing the structure of split ring resonator SRR from circular to elliptical shape is presented and tested. The theoretical analysis of circular SRR (CSRR) is tested and its results are compared with the simulated ones. Comparison between both configurations is introduced. The new elliptical SRR (ESRR) can be adapted to operate in multi range of frequencies. The effect of gap position in ESRR resonant is also examined. When both gaps are moved but still aligned, the resonant frequency still the same. But when single gap is moved only the resonant frequency the resonant frequency in changed to reach its maximum value when both gaps are in the same position. Frequency tunability can be offered by loading a single variable capacitor between ESRR metallic rings. The resonant frequency of the ESRR can be controlled by varying the capacitance of the varactor diode. Finite element method FEM is used to simulate the proposed structures using HFSS.
An Energetic Electron Flux Dropout Due to Magnetopause Shadowing on 1 June 2013
Authors: Kang Suk‐Bin , Fok Mei‐Ching , Komar Colin , Glocer Alex , Li Wen , Buzulukova Natalia 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe examine the mechanisms responsible for the dropout of energetic electron flux during 31 May to 1 June 2013 using Van Allen Probe (Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP)) electron flux data and simulations with the Comprehensive Inner Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere (CIMI) model. During the storm main phase, L‐shells at RBSP locations are greater than ~8, which are connected to open drift shells. Consequently, diminished electron fluxes were observed over a wide range of energies. The combination of drift shell splitting, magnetopause shadowing, and drift loss all results in butterfly electron pitch angle distributions (PADs) at the nightside. During storm sudden commencement, RBSP observations display electron butterfly PADs over a wide range of energies. However, it is difficult to determine whether there are butterfly PADs during the storm main phase since the maximum observable equatorial pitch angle from RBSP is not larger than ~40° during this period. To investigate the causes of the dropout, the CIMI model is used as a global 4‐D kinetic inner magnetosphere model. The CIMI model reproduces the dropout with very similar timing and flux levels and PADs along the RBSP trajectory for 593 keV. Furthermore, the CIMI simulation shows butterfly PADs for 593 keV during the storm main phase. Based on comparison of observations and simulations, we suggest that the dropout during this event mainly results from magnetopause shadowing.
Wind‐Eroded Crater Floors and Intercrater Plains, Terra Sabaea, Mars
Authors: Irwin Rossman P. , Wray James J. , Mest Scott C. , Maxwell Ted A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAncient impact craters with wind‐eroded layering on their floors provide a record of resurfacing materials and processes on early Mars. In a 54 km Noachian crater in Terra Sabaea (20.2°S, 42.6°E), eolian deflation of a friable, dark‐toned layer up to tens of meters thick has exposed more resistant, underlying light‐toned material. These layers differ significantly from strata of similar tone described in other regions of Mars. The light‐toned material has no apparent internal stratification, and visible/near‐infrared spectral analysis suggests that it is rich in feldspar. Its origin is ambiguous, as we cannot confidently reject igneous, pyroclastic, or clastic alternatives. The overlying dark‐toned layer is probably a basaltic siltstone or sandstone that was emplaced mostly by wind, although its weak cementation and inverted fluvial paleochannels indicate some modification by water. Negative‐relief channels are not found on the crater floor, and fluvial erosion is otherwise weakly expressed in the study area. Small impacts onto this crater's floor have exposed deeper friable materials that appear to contain goethite. Bedrock outcrops on the crater walls are phyllosilicate bearing. The intercrater plains contain remnants of a post‐Noachian thin, widespread, likely eolian mantle with an indurated surface. Plains near Hellas‐concentric escarpments to the north are more consistent with volcanic resurfacing. A 48 km crater nearby contains similar dark‐over‐light outcrops but no paleochannels. Our findings indicate that dark‐over‐light stratigraphy has diverse origins across Mars and that some dark‐toned plains with mafic mineralogy are not of igneous origin.
Sun‐Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Photosynthesis, and Light Use Efficiency of a Soybean Field from Seasonally Continuous Measurements
Authors: Miao Guofang , Guan Kaiyu , Yang Xi , Bernacchi Carl J. , Berry Joseph A. , DeLucia Evan H. , Wu Jin , Moore Caitlin E. , Meacham Katherine , Cai Yaping , Peng Bin , Kimm Hyungsuk , Masters Michael D. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRecent development of sun‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) technology is stimulating studies to remotely approximate canopy photosynthesis (measured as gross primary production, GPP). While multiple applications have advanced the empirical relationship between GPP and SIF, mechanistic understanding of this relationship is still limited. GPP:SIF relationship, using the standard light use efficiency framework, is determined by absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR) and the relationship between photosynthetic light use efficiency (LUE) and fluorescence yield (SIFy). While previous studies have found that APAR is the dominant factor of the GPP:SIF relationship, the LUE:SIFy relationship remains unclear. For a better understanding of the LUE:SIFy relationship, we deployed a ground‐based system (FluoSpec2), with an eddy‐covariance flux tower at a soybean field in the Midwestern U.S. during the 2016 growing season to collect SIF and GPP data simultaneously. With the measurements categorized by plant growth stages, light conditions, and time scales, we confirmed that a strong positive GPP:SIF relationship was dominated by an even stronger linear SIF:APAR relationship. By normalizing both GPP and SIF by APAR, we found that under sunny conditions our soybean field exhibited a clear positive SIFy:APAR relationship and a weak negative LUE:SIFy relationship, opposite to the positive LUE:SIFy relationship reported previously in other ecosystems. Our study provides a first continuous SIF record over multiple growth stages for agricultural systems and reveals a distinctive pattern related to the LUE:SIFy relationship compared with previous work. The observed positive relationship of SIFy:APAR at the soybean site provides new insights of the previous understanding on the SIF's physiological implications.
Occupational Therapy Treatment to Improve Upper Extremity Function in Individuals with Early Systemic Sclerosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Murphy Susan L. , Barber Mary Whitehouse , Homer Kate , Dodge Carole , Cutter Gary R. , Khanna Dinesh 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility and preliminary effects of occupational therapy to improve upper extremity function in patients with early systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) who have upper extremity contractures.MethodsA single‐group pilot clinical rehabilitation trial was conducted at the University of Michigan Scleroderma Center. Patients with SSc and ≥1 upper extremity contracture (n = 21) participated in a total of 8 weekly in‐person occupational therapy sessions. The therapy consisted of thermal modalities, tissue mobilization, and upper extremity mobility exercises. The participants were instructed to perform upper extremity exercises at home between sessions. Feasibility was measured by the percent enrollment as well as session attendance and session duration. The primary outcome measure was the Shortened Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand measure (QuickDASH); secondary and exploratory outcomes included the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) physical function measures; objective measures of upper extremity mobility, strength, and coordination; and skin thickening. Linear mixed models were used to determine the effects of treatment on the primary and secondary outcomes.ResultsFifty percent of potentially eligible subjects (24 of 48) were interested in participating. Twenty‐one (88%) of the 24 subjects were enrolled, and 19 (91%) of these 21 subjects completed all sessions. The mean ± SD age of the participants was 47.9 ± 16.1 years; 100% had diffuse SSc, and the mean disease duration was 3.1 years. At 8 weeks, participants had statistically significant improvement in the QuickDASH and PROMIS physical function measure (P = 0.0012 and P = 0.004, respectively). Approximately one‐half of participants in the sample achieved improvement in the QuickDASH and PROMIS measure that exceeded minimally important differences.ConclusionIn‐person treatment sessions were feasible in the patients with SSc and resulted in statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in upper extremity and physical function. In future studies, the effects of SSc should be compared with those in a control condition, and the durability of treatment effects should be examined.
Swimming Against the Current: A Qualitative Review of the Work Experiences and Adaptations Made by Employees With Arthritis
Authors: Purc‐Stephenson R. J. , Dostie Jessica , Smith Hailey J. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo describe the experiences and strategies of employees with arthritis to maintain employment, and to use this information to build a conceptual model.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies that examined the work experiences of employees with arthritis. Published studies on arthritis and employment were searched from electronic databases (1980–2017) and bibliographic reviews of relevant studies. We used meta‐ethnography to synthesize the findings.ResultsWe reviewed 17 studies that reported on the experiences of 873 employees. We identified 11 main themes that highlight common issues experienced by employees with arthritis and grouped these into 4 higher‐order categories: changing nature of the disease (emotional issues, cognitive struggles, unpredictable physical symptoms), intrapersonal issues (personal meaning of work, preserving a work identity), interpersonal issues (managing disclosure, gaining coworker support, organizational culture issues), and work‐sustainability strategies (making personal adjustments, using social support, using workplace accommodations). Using these themes, we developed the Job Sustainability Model to illustrate how disease, personal, and work‐related factors interact to influence what type of coping behaviors are used and when. Initially, employees with arthritis rely on making personal adjustments, using social support, and medical intervention. However, when these coping behaviors fail to be effective, they draw upon workplace accommodations and resources.ConclusionArthritis disrupts an employee's work life by impairing his or her capacity to be a productive worker. Our results highlight how employees with arthritis make strategic adaptations to maintain a productive work life for as long as possible. The findings of this study have implications for work‐related interventions aimed at preserving employment.
Thick Binder‐Free Electrodes for Li–Ion Battery Fabricated Using Templating Approach and Spark Plasma Sintering Reveals High Areal Capacity
Authors: Elango Rakesh , Demortière Arnaud , De Andrade Vincent , Morcrette Mathieu , Seznec Vincent 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe templating approach is a powerful method for preparing porous electrodes with interconnected well‐controlled pore sizes and morphologies. The optimization of the pore architecture design facilitates electrolyte penetration and provides a rapid diffusion path for lithium ions, which becomes even more crucial for thick porous electrodes. Here, NaCl microsize particles are used as a templating agent for the fabrication of 1 mm thick porous LiFePO4 and Li4Ti5O12 composite electrodes using spark plasma sintering technique. These sintered binder‐free electrodes are self‐supported and present a large porosity (40%) with relatively uniform pores. The electrochemical performances of half and full batteries reveal a remarkable specific areal capacity (20 mA h cm−2), which is 4 times higher than those of 100 µm thick electrodes present in conventional tape‐casted Li–ion batteries (5 mA h cm−2). The 3D morphological study is carried out using full field transmission X‐ray microscopy in microcomputed tomography mode to obtain tortuosity values and pore size distributions leading to a strong correlation with their electrochemical properties. These results also demonstrate that the coupling between the salt templating method and the spark plasma sintering technique turns out to be a promising way to fabricate thick electrodes with high energy density.
Airborne and food sensitization patterns in children and adults with eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: He Yu Ting , Christos Paul J. , Reisacher William R. 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThe pathogenesis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is currently unknown, but evidence suggests that allergic sensitization to food and airborne allergens may play a key role. This retrospective study examines the rate of sensitization to both food and airborne allergens in EoE patients, and compares their sensitivity patterns to control groups.MethodsWe identified 103 patients with a diagnosis of EoE via esophageal eosinophilia (≥15 eosinophils/high‐power field [hpf]), who had undergone comprehensive food and/or airborne allergen testing through either skin or in vitro methods. Food and airborne allergen sensitization was defined as positive testing in at least 1 food subgroup (milk, peanut, tree nut, seafood/fish, soy, grain, egg) or airborne subgroup (tree, grass, weed, mite/cockroach, animal, mold), respectively. The same sensitization criterion was applied to allergic rhinitis (AR) patients, with and without a clinical suspicion of food allergy (FA), in order to create control groups.ResultsSensitization in the EoE group to at least 1 subgroup of food allergen and airborne allergen was seen in 77.1% (64/83) and 71.7% (38/53), respectively (p = 0.82). There were significant differences in sensitization between EoE and control groups for tree nut, soy, grain, and egg, but no differences noted in any of the other food or airborne allergen subgroups, even after accounting for age and gender.ConclusionEoE and control groups had similar airborne allergen sensitization patterns, yet dissimilar food allergen sensitization patterns, suggesting that specific allergens may play a more prominent role in the pathogenesis of EoE. The EoE group had a more uniform distribution pattern for food allergens, compared to controls.
Increased Circulating Follicular Treg Cells Are Associated With Lower Levels of Autoantibodies in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis in Stable Remission
Authors: Liu Chen , Wang Dongwei , Lu Songsong , Xu Qinzhu , Zhao Lei , Zhao Jingzhong , Song Ying , Wang Hui 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo examine the expression and changes in function of circulating CD4+CXCR5+FoxP3+ follicular Treg (Tfr) cells in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in patients with RA in stable remission, and to clarify the role of Tfr cells in the pathogenesis of RA.MethodsLevels of Tfr cells and follicular helper T (Tfh) cells in the peripheral blood of 39 patients with active RA, 39 patients with RA in stable remission, and 33 healthy controls were detected by flow cytometry. The function of Tfr cells was measured by coculturing them with Tfh cells and B cells. Activated CD45RA−FoxP3high Tfr cells were also analyzed. Clinical indicators, including serum Ig and autoantibody levels, were tested, and correlations with Tfr cells were systematically analyzed. The Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) was calculated, and correlation analysis with Tfr cells was conducted.ResultsThe level of CD4+CXCR5+FoxP3+ Tfr cells and the Tfr cell:Tfh cell ratio in peripheral blood from patients with RA in stable remission were significantly increased compared with the same measures in patients with active RA and in healthy controls. The function of Tfr cells was enhanced, and the activated CD45RA−FoxP3high Tfr cell subset was increased in patients with RA in stable remission compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, the number of Tfr cells in RA patients was inversely correlated with IgG, rheumatoid factor, and anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide as well as with the DAS28.ConclusionCirculating Tfr cells are increased as patients with RA achieve stable remission of disease, and increased Tfr cells can suppress autoimmunity in RA patients to stabilize their condition. Our results provide novel insight into RA pathogenesis.
Solution‐Processable Balanced Ambipolar Field‐Effect Transistors Based on Carbonyl‐Regulated Copolymers
Authors: Yang Chengdong , Fang Renren , Yang Xiongfa , Chen Ru , Gao Jianhua , Fan Hanghong , Li Hongxiang , Hu Wenping 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIt is very important to develop ambipolar field effect transistors to construct complementary circuits. To obtain balanced hole‐ and electron‐transport properties, one of the key issues is to regulate the energy levels of the frontier orbitals of the semiconductor materials by structural tailoring, so that they match well with the electrode Fermi levels. Five conjugated copolymers were synthesized and exhibited low LUMO energy levels and narrow bandgaps on account of the strong electron‐withdrawing effect of the carbonyl groups. Polymer thin film transistors were prepared by using a solution method and exhibited high and balanced hole and electron mobility of up to 0.46 cm2 V−1 s−1, which suggested that these copolymers are promising ambipolar semiconductor materials.