bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Potential of Flora and Fauna as Tourist Attractions in Biodiversity Park of Pelawan Forest, Central Bangka
Authors: Henri Henri , Hakim Luchman , Batoro Jati 
Published: July 2017

<p>Indonesia has a high potential for the diversity of flora and fauna species together with their ecosystem. Preservation of natural resources can be done through conservation using the concept of ecotourism. The purpose of this research is to identify the potential of the flora and fauna in Biodiversity Park of Pelawan Forest for tourist attraction. The study was conducted from October 2016 to January 2017 through inventory and in-depth interview. The analysis on the results of this study indicate that there are 41 species of 24 families of plants and 135 species of animals consisting of amphibians (6 species), reptiles (16 species), birds (99 species) and mammals (14 species). This indicates that Biodiversity Park of Pelawan Forest is very competitive for tourism attractions, which is supported by the presence of key species (<em>Tristaniopsis merguensis</em>), flagship species (<em>Cephalopachus bancanus</em>), and abundance of birds for bird watching. Based on the IUCN red list, several species of flora, such as <em><span lang="EN-GB">Gonystylus bancanus</span></em><span lang="EN-GB">,</span> and fauna, such as <em>Setornis criniger</em>, <em>Chloropsis sonnerati</em>, <em>Macaca nemestrina</em>, <em>Nycticebus menagensis</em>, and <em>Cephalopachus bancanus</em>, are vulnerable to extinction. <span lang="EN-GB">This study on flora and fauna results in the initial data that can be used to support conservation efforts. Moreover, the result of this study can provide an opportunity for visitors to enjoy these tourist attractions, which can benefit the local community. </span></p>
RNA-seq of Rice Yellow Stem BorerScirpophaga incertulasReveals Molecular Insights During Four Larval Developmental Stages
Authors: Renuka Pichili , Madhav Maganti S , Padmakumari Ayyagari Phani , Barbadikar Kalyani M , Mangrauthia Satendra K , Vijaya Sudhakara Rao Kola , Marla Soma S , Ravindra Babu Vemuri 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe yellow stem borer (YSB), Scirpophaga incertulas, is a prominent pest in rice cultivation causing serious yield losses. The larval stage is an important stage in YSB, responsible for maximum infestation. However, limited knowledge exists on the biology and mechanisms underlying the growth and differentiation of YSB. To understand and identify the genes involved in YSB development and infestation, so as to design pest control strategies, we performed de novo transcriptome analysis at the first, third, fifth, and seventh larval developmental stages employing Illumina Hi-seq. High-quality reads (HQR) of ∼229 Mb were assembled into 24,775 transcripts with an average size of 1485 bp. Genes associated with various metabolic processes, i.e., detoxification mechanism [CYP450, GSTs, and carboxylesterases (CarEs)], RNA interference (RNAi) machinery (Dcr-1, Dcr-2, Ago-1, Ago-2, Sid-1, Sid-2, Sid-3, and Sid-1-related gene), chemoreception (CSPs, GRs, OBPs, and ORs), and regulators [transcription factors (TFs) and hormones] were differentially regulated during the developmental stages. Identification of stage-specific transcripts made it possible to determine the essential processes of larval development. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that YSB has not evolved much with respect to the detoxification mechanism, but showed the presence of distinct RNAi machinery. The presence of strong specific visual recognition coupled with chemosensory mechanisms supports the monophagous nature of YSB. Designed expressed sequenced tags-simple-sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) will facilitate accurate estimation of the genetic diversity of YSB. This is the first report on characterization of the YSB transcriptome and the identification of genes involved in key processes, which will help researchers and industry to devise novel pest control strategies. This study also opens up a new avenue to develop next-generation resistant rice using RNAi or genome editing approaches.
Secular Trend of Age at Menarche in Chinese Adolescents Born From 1973 to 2004
Authors: Meng Xin , Li Suyun , Duan Wenhou , Sun Yanxin , Jia Chongqi 
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVES:
To estimate secular trend and factors influencing the age at menarche for Chinese girls born from 1973 to 2004.

METHODS:
Data were collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, a prospective open cohort and an ongoing nationwide health and nutrition survey, consisting of 3199 apparently healthy Chinese girls aged 6 to 18 years at entry from 1991 to 2011. Average age at menarche and its 95% confidence interval were estimated by weighted means of Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to identify the independent predictive factors of age at menarche.

RESULTS:
The age at menarche declined from 14.25 in Chinese girls born before 1976 to 12.60 in girls born after 2000, with an estimated decline of 0.51 years per decade (P &lt; .001). The downward trend of age at menarche for rural girls was greater than for urban girls (0.62 vs 0.35 years per decade; P &lt; .001). Girls living in urban areas, living in central areas, with high BMI, and with high-energy diets had a high risk of early menarche, whereas girls living on the east coast who had high-carbohydrate diets had a low risk of early menarche.

CONCLUSIONS:
The authors of this study found a continuous downward secular trend of age at menarche for Chinese girls in both urban and rural areas born from 1973 to 2004. Among all variables, urban residency, BMI, and energy intake are negatively associated with age at menarche, whereas carbohydrate intake is positively associated with age at menarche.
Web addiction in the brain: Cortical oscillations, autonomic activity, and behavioral measures
Authors: Balconi Michela , Campanella Salvatore , Finocchiaro Roberta 
Published: July 2017

Background and aims
Internet addiction (IA) was recently defined as a disorder tagging both the impulse control and the reward systems. Specifically, inhibitory deficits and reward bias were considered highly relevant in IA. This research aims to examine the electrophysiological correlates and autonomic activity [skin conductance response (SCR) and heart rate] in two groups of young subjects (N = 25), with high or low IA profile [tested by the Internet Addiction Test (IAT)], with specific reference to gambling behavior.

Methods
Oscillatory brain activity (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma) and autonomic and behavioral measures [response times (RTs) and error rates (ERs)] were acquired during the performance of a Go/NoGo task in response to high-rewarding (online gambling videos and video games) or neutral stimuli.

Results
A better performance (reduced ERs and reduced RTs) was revealed for high IAT in the case of NoGo trials representing rewarding cues (inhibitory control condition), probably due to a “gain effect” induced by the rewarding condition. In addition, we also observed for NoGo trials related to gambling and video games stimuli that (a) increased low-frequency band (delta and theta) and SCR and (b) a specific lateralization effect (more left-side activity) delta and theta in high IAT.

Discussion
Both inhibitory control deficits and reward bias effect were considered to explain IA.
Trabalho por projeto: utilização de uma horta escolar para o ensino e aprendizagem de ciências
Authors: Lima Priscila Toscano , Dias Natália , Rosalen Marilena 
Published: July 2017

Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento e análise do projeto de horta escolar em uma escola pública estadual de Diadema, como integrante do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência – PIBID, subprojeto de Ciências, da Universidade Federal de São Paulo – UNIFESP. Os objetivos foram: incorporar a horta nas atividades escolares existentes; organizar um plano de ação por meio do qual os alunos pudessem conhecer algumas hortaliças utilizadas na alimentação; verificar a importância do hábito de uma alimentação saudável realizando o cultivo e consumo de produtos livres de agrotóxicos; e sensibilizar os alunos sobre o descarte dos resíduos orgânicos e sua reutilização. Para o alcance dos objetivos foram realizadas várias atividades, como: levantamento de conhecimentos prévios dos educandos por intermédio de questionário; debates sobre aspectos da agricultura, alimentação humana e questões específicas referentes ao cultivo de uma horta; pesquisas na internet: “como montar uma horta caseira” (com todas as etapas necessárias); experimento: pigmentos vegetais; estudo da fotossíntese; limpeza e preparação do terreno para o plantio; montagem da composteira; plantio das hortaliças; manutenção semanal da plantação; colheita e consumo dos alimentos oriundos da horta. Como resultado, foi possível a abordagem de questões científicas, de saúde e sociais relacionadas ao cultivo de alimentos. Também, foram possíveis a produção e o uso de adubo orgânico, a irrigação por gotejamento e a reutilização de resíduos sólidos orgânicos por meio da compostagem.
FLAMBAGEM VERTICAL EM TUBULAÇÕES DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE GÁS NATURAL
Authors: Almeida Julio Cezar 
Published: July 2017

Tubulações de aço são normalmente utilizadas em sistemas de transmissão e também em redes de distribuição de gás natural. Estas estruturas, quando em operação, são submetidas a cargas externas, que quando atingem valores críticos, podem ocasionar falhas, até mesmo catastróficas. Os acidentes, nestas circunstâncias, podem resultar em prejuízos muito elevados, danos ambientais e até mesmo problemas de imagem para a empresa envolvida. No caso específico das redes de transmissão e distribuição de gás natural, o projeto e construção seguem rígidos padrões, entre as quais podem se destacar a norma NBR-12712. A combinação de altas temperaturas e pressões internas aos quais os dutos podem ser submetidos causa expansões, as quais são restringidas pela ação solo, gerando assim forças axiais de compressão. Neste contexto, o tubo pode entrar em colapso através do fenômeno conhecido como flambagem vertical ou flambagem horizontal. No entanto, como essas tubulações são normalmente enterradas, elimina-se a preocupação com a flambagem horizontal permanecendo, entretanto, uma maior preocupação com a flambagem vertical assim existente. O objetivo do presente trabalho é determinar, de forma conceitual, as temperaturas limites que uma malha de distribuição de gás natural pode ser submetida, sem apresentar problemas de flambagem vertical. Este estudo é realizado com os dados operacionais da rede de distribuição de gás natural da COMPAGAS - empresa de distribuição de gás natural ou responsável no estado do Paraná. Para tanto se utilizou equações matemáticas simplificadas para o estudo da flambagem em dutos verticais aquecidos, seguindo o modelo proposto e adaptado por Hobbs.
PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL POR TRANSESTERIFICAÇÃO UTILIZANDO CATALISADOR HETEROGÊNEO (KOH/Al2O3)
Authors: Gondim Amanda Duarte , Santos Maria Fernanda Vicente , Oliveira Tatiane Potiguara , Peixoto Camila Gisele Damasceno , Batista Alyxandra Carla Medeiros , Fernandes Jr. Valter José 
Published: July 2017

O biodiesel consiste de um combustível biodegradável derivado de óleos vegetais e gorduras animais, formado por ésteres de ácidos graxos, ésteres de alquila (metila, etila ou propila) de ácidos carboxílicos de cadeia longa. O processo convencional para sua produção ocorre pela transesterificação de óleos vegetais com álcool na presença de um catalisador. O catalisador mais utilizado no processo de transesterificação é o catalisador homogêneo, KOH, que apresenta grande dificuldade de recuperação do mesmo, portanto foi estudado neste trabalho um catalisador heterogêneo (KOH/Al2O3). Deste modo, este trabalho tem como objetivo e obter o catalisador e caracterizar, além de aplicar o catalisador na reação de transesterificação de óleo de algodão em busca das melhores condições de reações. Os produtos obtidos foram avaliados por densidade, viscosidade, análise térmica (TG/DTG) e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Para a confirmação da obtenção do catalisador foi utilizada a técnica como por difratograma de raio X (DRX), microscópico eletrônico de varredura (MEV-EDS), FTIR e TG/DTG . Os biodiesel obtido através da reação de transesterificação na presença de KOH/Al2O3 apresentaram resultados de densidade e viscosidade de acordo com Resolução ANP 45/2014. O biodiesel que foi obtido com um tempo reacional de 5h apresentou maior percentual de conversão (94,5%).
ROTA DE ARTE RUPESTRE DO NOROESTE PORTUGUÊS. UM PROJETO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE UMA PRÁTICA TURÍSTICA SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Bettencourt Ana , Sampaio Hugo Aluai , Cardoso Daniela , Sá Sofia , Rodrigues Alda 
Published: July 2017

A Rota de Arte Rupestre do Noroeste é um projeto que pretende explorar as potencialidades da arte rupestre do NW de Portugal enquanto recurso passível de desenvolvimento de uma prática turística sustentável.O NW português é uma área rica em arte rupestre de ar livre de cronologia pós-paleolítica, em especial do estilo designado de Arte Atlântica, específico da área. Além do seu inegável valor científico, o caráter estratégico deste recurso patrimonial deveria integrar programas de desenvolvimento e de organização do território.Para que tal se concretize há que colmatar carências ao nível da investigação, tais como a compilação e sistematização dos dados que promovam o avanço do conhecimento científico e, simultaneamente, propiciem discursos atrativos para o público em geral.O projeto tenciona aprofundar a investigação da arte rupestre segundo perspetivas arqueológicas e antropológicas, contribuir para salvaguardar este património arqueológico e promover a sua valorização na fachada ocidental no NW de Portugal, por forma a que se possa criar o produto turístico sustentável “Rota de Arte Rupestre do Noroeste”. Visa, ainda, rentabilizar o património “intangível” ligado a estes recursos, os recursos humanos das parcerias envolvidas no projeto – e incrementar o desenvolvimento sustentável do território abordado.Serão divulgadas as ações já materializadas e/ou em vias de materialização, bem como os resultados atingidos para diferentes áreas do NW.
User Interface Goals, AI Opportunities
Authors: Lieberman Henry 
Published: July 2017

This is an opinion piece about the relationship between the fields of human‐computer interaction (HCI) and artificial intelligence (AI). The ultimate goal of both fields is to make user interfaces more effective and easier for people to use. But historically, researchers have disagreed about whether “intelligence” or “direct manipulation” is the better route to achieving this. There is an unjustified perception in HCI that AI is unreliable. There is an unjustified perception in AI that interfaces are merely cosmetic. This disagreement is counterproductive.This article argues that AI's goals of intelligent interfaces would benefit enormously by the user‐centered design and testing principles of HCI. It argues that HCI's stated goals of meeting the needs of users and interacting in natural ways would be best served by application of AI. Peace.
RealScape—Metropolitan Fixed Assets Change Judgment by Pixel‐by‐Pixel Stereo Processing of Aerial Photographs
Authors: Koizumi Hirokazu , Yagyu Hiroyuki , Hashizume Kazuaki , Kamiya Toshiyuki , Kunieda Kazuo , Shimazu Hideo 
Published: July 2017

The Tokyo Metropolitan Government, the largest municipality in Japan, routinely conducts building‐change‐identification work. Recently, Tokyo terminated its traditional visual‐identification work, which had been used for 20 years, and shifted to a new automated system. This article introduces the Fixed Assets Change Judgment (FACJ) system and its core tool, RealScape. RealScape automatically detects changes in the height and color of buildings based on three‐dimensional analysis of aerial photographs. It employs a unique pixel‐by‐pixel stereo processing method and enables a foot‐level precision for each building. RealScape detects building changes more accurately than visual judgment operations by humans and reduces the labor costs to one third of the traditional approach and the required judgment duration to about two weeks per 100 km2.
Workshops Held at the Ninth Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE): A Report
Authors: Liapis Antonios , Cook Michael , Smith Adam M. , Smith Gillian , Zook Alexander , Cavazza Marc , Si Mei , Pasquier Philippe 
Published: July 2017

The Ninth Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE) was held October 14–18, 2013, at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts. Workshops were held on the two days prior to the start of the main conference, giving attendees a chance to hold in‐depth discussions on topics that complement the themes of the main conference program. This year the workshops included the First Workshop on AI and Game Aesthetics (1 day), the Second Workshop on AI in the Game Design Process (1 day), the Second International Workshop on Musical Metacreation (2 day), and the Sixth Workshop on Intelligent Narrative Technologies (2 day).
CiteSeerX: AI in a Digital Library Search Engine
Authors: Wu Jian , William Kyle , Chen Hung‐Hsuan , Khabsa Madian , Caragea Cornelia , Tuarob Suppawong , Ororbia Alexander , Jordan Douglas , Mitra Prasenjit , Giles C. Lee 
Published: July 2017

CiteSeerX is a digital library search engine that provides access to more than 5 million scholarly documents with nearly a million users and millions of hits per day. We present key AI technologies used in the following components: document classification and deduplication, document and citation clustering, automatic metadata extraction and indexing, and author disambiguation. These AI technologies have been developed by CiteSeerX group members over the past 5–6 years. We show the usage status, payoff, development challenges, main design concepts, and deployment and maintenance requirements. We also present AI technologies, implemented in table and algorithm search, that are special search modes in CiteSeerX. While it is challenging to rebuild a system like CiteSeerX from scratch, many of these AI technologies are transferable to other digital libraries and search engines.
Measuring Machine Intelligence Through Visual Question Answering
Authors: Zitnick C. Lawrence , Agrawal Aishwarya , Antol Stanislaw , Mitchell Margaret , Batra Dhruv , Parikh Devi 
Published: July 2017

As machines have become more intelligent, there has been a renewed interest in methods for measuring their intelligence. A common approach is to propose tasks for which a human excels, but one that machines find difficult. However, an ideal task should also be easy to evaluate and not be easily gameable. We begin with a case study exploring the recently popular task of image captioning and its limitations as a task for measuring machine intelligence. An alternative and more promising task is visual question answering, which tests a machine's ability to reason about language and vision. We describe a data set, unprecedented in size and created for the task, that contains more than 760,000 human‐generated questions about images. Using around 10 million human‐generated answers, researchers can easily evaluate the machines.
Remembering Marvin Minsky
Authors: Forbus Kenneth D. , Kuipers Benjamin , Lieberman Henry 
Published: July 2017

Marvin Minsky, one of the pioneers of artificial intelligence and a renowned mathematicial and computer scientist, died on Sunday, 24 January 2016, of a cerebral hemmorhage. He was 88. In this article, AI scientists Kenneth D. Forbus (Northwestern University), Benjamin Kuipers (University of Michigan), and Henry Lieberman (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) recall their interactions with Minksy and briefly recount the impact he had on their lives and their research. A remembrance of Marvin Minsky was held at the AAAI Spring Symposium at Stanford University on March 22. Video remembrances of Minsky by Danny Bobrow, Benjamin Kuipers, Ray Kurzweil, Richard Waldinger, and others can be on the sentient webpage1 or on youtube.com.The photographs in this article were taken at the AAAI‐05 conference in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Automated Volumetric Intravascular Plaque Classification Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Shalev Ronny , Nakamura Daisuke , Nishino Setsu , Rollins Andrew M. , Bezerra Hiram G. , Wilson David L. , Ray Soumya 
Published: July 2017

An estimated 17.5 million people died from a cardiovascular disease in 2012, representing 31 percent of all global deaths. Most acute coronary events result from rupture of the protective fibrous cap overlying an atherosclerotic plaque. The task of early identification of plaque types that can potentially rupture is, therefore, of great importance. The state‐of‐the‐art approach to imaging blood vessels is intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT). However, currently, this is an offline approach where the images are first collected and then manually analyzed an image at a time to identify regions at risk of thrombosis. This process is extremely laborious, time consuming, and prone to human error. We are building a system that, when complete, will provide interactive three‐dimensional visualization of a blood vessel as an IVOCT is in progress. The visualization will highlight different plaque types and enable quick identification of regions at risk. In this article, we describe our approach, focusing on machine‐learning methods that are a key enabling technology. Our empirical results using real OCT data show that our approach can identify different plaque types efficiently with high accuracy across multiple patients.
Evaluation of Some Heavy Metals around the Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Area in Halabja City –Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Muhammad Sherko , Karim Salar 
Published: July 2017

Handling and disposal of solid waste can be a major environmental problem in
developing countries. In Kurdistan region of Iraq solid waste is not treated and managed
properly. It is only collected from the households and disposed on the outskirts of the
cities as a pile of garbage nearby the agricultural areas, sometime it is burnt or partially
dumped. The samples were collected monthly starting from May to December 2012
including ground and surface water, soil and wheat around the solid waste disposal area.
Heavy metal and metalloid concentrations measured for Zn, As, Cd, Fe, Pb and Ni were
( 0.002 – 0.012 ) mg.l-1, ( 0.01 – 0.097 ) mg.l-1, ( 0.002 – 0.003 ) mg.l-1, ( 0.011- 0.079 )
mg.l-1, ( 0.035 – 0.051 ) mg.l-1and ( 0.004 -0.015 ) mg.l-1 for ground water respectively,
while (0.003 - 0.009 ) mg.l-1, ( 0.05 – 0.16 ) mg.l-1, ( 0.002 – 0.004 ) mg.l-1, ( 0.051 –
0.171 ) mg.l-1, ( 0.04 – 0.044 ) mg.l-1, ( 0.021 – 0.022 ) mg.l-1 for surface water
respectively. However, As and Pb concentration were found to be higher than the
permissible values recommended by WHO for drinking water quality while the rest were
below the safe limits. The concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids were found in
order of Mn> Zn>Cu >Ni> Pb>Cr>As> Cd ( 987 - 1187 mg.kg-1, 225.03 – 915.3mg.kg-1
, 232.8- 301.1 mg.kg-1, 150.4 – 192.2 mg.kg-1, 76.71 - 193.1 mg.kg-1, 142.2
– 173.1 mg.kg-1, 14.23 – 20.15 mg.kg-1and 2.317 – 5.712 mg.kg-1 ) which exceed the
European union standard for Ni, Zn, Cr, Cd, Mn, Cu, while Pb and As were found to be
within the range of all trace elements for agricultural soils. The range for trace elements
for wheat samples were 115 mg.kg-1 for Zn, 0.0313 mg.kg-1 for As, 1.2 mg.kg-1 for Cd,
2.1 mg.kg-1 for Pb, 1.19 mg.kg-1 for Ni and 0.058 mg.kg-1 for Cr.