bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of institutional measures on optimal use of intravenous immunoglobulin
Authors: Champagne Jean‐Nicolas , Desilets Antoine , Roy Guillaume , Landon‐Cardinal Océane , Chapdelaine Hugo , Matte Geneviève , Bouchard Claudia , Rioux‐Massé Benjamin , Lemay Anne‐Sophie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) shortage represents an emerging issue in transfusion medicine. Limited data are available to determine effective strategies for optimal use. The objective of this retrospective observational study was to determine the impact of institutional measures on IVIG use at a large academic center.MethodsIVIG infusions from November 26, 2018 to September 25, 2022 were categorized according to their appropriateness (Recommended, Option of treatment, or Unrecommended), based on provincial guidelines, and separated into three phases: Reference, Transition, and Post‐Implementation phases, the latter following the adoption of restrictive measures, including mandatory standardized order forms, a blood bank gatekeeping strategy, and the creation of a stewardship committee.ResultsA total of 5431 IVIG infusions were administered to 544 patients, accounting for 295,033 g. The most common indication categories were neurology (30.4%), immunology (29.0%), and hematology (17.4%). From Reference to Post‐Implementation phase, IVIG infusions decreased from 2275 to 2000 with unrecommended indications dropping from 9.5% to 7.4% (p = 0.01), and a global reduction of 23.0% (from 131,163 g to 100,936 g of IVIG). Decrease in chronic immunomodulation accounted for 48.3% of total reduction (14,610 g of 30,227 g), whereas single‐use immunomodulation, 40.5% (12,237 g of 30,227 g). Moreover, an absolute reduction of 16.9% was observed in orders exceeding the recommended doses (20.8% to 3.9%; p < 0.0001). Together, the unrecommended and excessive IVIG doses decreased from 19,975 g (15.2%) to 6670 g (6.6%).ConclusionsA global reduction in IVIG use and a preferential decrease in the unrecommended orders were observed, most likely attributable to the bundle of restrictive strategies implemented.
Scope of nursing work and models of service delivery in Australian primary and secondary schools: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Williams Chelsey , Rankin Elizabeth , Moyes Anita 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
The objective of this review is to generate a national picture of the scope of nursing work and models of service delivery in Australian primary and secondary schools.

Introduction:
Schools are an important setting for providing health services to school-aged children and youth. Early intervention with identified health needs has the potential to improve health and educational outcomes across the life course. Additionally, many children and young people present with health issues requiring sophisticated management at school. Nurses have worked in Australian schools for more than a century, but there is a lack of clarity about the scope of nursing work and models of service delivery in Australian schools.

Inclusion criteria:
The review will include papers describing the work of registered or enrolled nurses in primary and secondary Australian schools providing education to children aged 3–18 years, in urban, regional, and remote areas of all states and territories. Peer-reviewed, non-peer-reviewed, and gray literature, not limited by publication date or language, will be included.

Methods:
The review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Databases to be searched will include CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO (all via EBSCOhost), together with ERIC, Informit, and Google. Two authors will independently screen titles and abstracts, and extract data from included papers. Data will be analyzed by state/territory and by education sector (government/non-government) to generate a national picture. The findings will be reported in a narrative synthesis aligned with the review questions.

Review registration:

Open Science Framework https://osf.io/6yqrm
Enhancing Gait Recognition in Lower Limb Exoskeletons: Adaptive Feature Selection and Random Forest With Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Lin Haibo , Guo Xudong , Zhong Fengqi , Cui Haipo , Zhao Zhan , Geng Haonan , Zhang Guojie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
To improve human–machine cooperation and enhance the accuracy of gait recognition in wearable lower limb exoskeletons, an enhancement method of gait recognition based on adaptive feature selection and an optimized machine learning algorithm was proposed. In this study, surface electromyography (sEMG) signals of rectus femoris, medialis femoris, lateralis femoris, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris were recorded during level-ground walking. Then, time-domain (TD), frequency domain (FD), time-frequency domain (T-FD), and nonlinear features were extracted. The integrated values of electromyography, variance, root-mean-square, and wavelength were selected as the time-domain features, and the mean power frequency and median frequency were selected as the frequency domain features. Wavelet packet energy was selected as the time-frequency domain feature. Nonlinear features, including approximate entropy, sample entropy, and fuzzy entropy of sEMG were extracted. To reduce feature dimension and improve the calculation efficiency, adaptive feature selection was performed by particle swarm optimization combined with sigmoid function. Then, the feature matrix was determined as the input for a random forest classifier to recognize different gait phases. An adaptive optimization mechanism based on Bayesian optimization was applied to random forest. Compared with random forest, the overall performance of the optimized model was improved. Its accuracy was increased by 3.57%. The feature selection and adaptive optimization mechanisms in gait recognition not only enhance the accuracy of random forest algorithms applied to sEMG for gait prediction but also facilitate the flexibility and consistency required for lower limb exoskeleton gait control.
A Hybrid Approach Integrating Physics-Based Models and Expert-Augmented Neural Networks for Ship Fuel Consumption Prediction
Authors: Liang Qin , Han Peihua , Vanem Erik , Erik Knutsen Knut , Zhang Houxiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The International Maritime Organization’s recent approval of the 2023 strategy on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions amplifies the pressure on stakeholders to achieve net-zero emissions in shipping by 2050. Considering the anticipated predominance of traditional single-fuel engines into the next decade, due to their high efficiency and economic benefits, the implementation of operational measures stands as the foremost effective method for mitigating emissions and reducing fuel consumption. Accurate fuel consumption prediction is crucial for informed decision-making and operational efficiency. This paper introduces an innovative hybrid model, combining an advanced physics-based model with an expert-augmented neural network, offering superior fuel consumption predictions. Expert knowledge is integrated into the neural network model to enhance its learning capabilities. Performance is validated against DNV Navigator Insight and publicly available fuel consumption reporting data, demonstrating superiority over purely data-driven and physics-based models. This hybrid approach bridges accuracy and scalability for sustainable maritime operations.
Family Car Ownership: Driving Inactivity in Young People? Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses in the International Children’s Accelerometry Database
Authors: Van Sluijs Esther M.F. , Ekelund Ulf , Hallal Pedro C. , Hansen Bjorge H. , Panter Jenna , Salmon Jo , Sharp Stephen J. , Sherar Lauren B. , Atkin Andrew J. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Ubiquitous car ownership may affect children’s activity and health. We assessed the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between household car ownership and children’s daily time spent sedentary (SED) and in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Methods: Pooled cohort data were from the International Children’s Accelerometry Database. Outcome measures were average daily accelerometer-measured SED and MVPA (in minutes per day). Exposures were household car ownership (none, 1, and ≥2) and change in car ownership. Associations were examined using multivariable mixed-effects linear regression. Results: Mean age of participants (N = 4193) was 10.4 years (SD = 2.0), 53.4% were girls, and mean follow-up duration (N = 1333) was 3.3 years (SD = 1.1). Cross-sectionally, household car ownership was associated with higher SED (vs none: 1 car: β = 14.1 min/d, 95% CI, 6.7–21.5; ≥2 cars: 12.8, 95% CI, 5.3–20.4) and lower MVPA (vs none: 1 car: β = –8.8, 95% CI, −11.9 to −5.7; ≥2 cars: β = –8.8, 95% CI, −12.0 to −5.7). Associations were stronger in boys than girls and in children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds (SED only). Prospectively, there were no associations with increased car ownership. Reductions in household car ownership (of which 93.1% had ≥ 2 cars at baseline) were associated with a greater reduction in MVPA (vs no change: β = −8.4, 95% CI, −13.9 to −3.0) but not SED. Conclusions: Children in households with car access were more SED and less active than those without. Losing access to a second car was associated with greater decreases in MVPA, potentially related to losing access to activity-enabling environments. Reducing car access and use are important public health targets (eg, reducing air pollution), but their potential impact on children’s activity opportunities should be mitigated.
Cretaceous through Neogene tectonostratigraphic evolution of the southern California margin, USA
Authors: Ingersoll* Raymond V. , Diamond David S. , Bird Peter 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The paleotectonic evolution of the continental margin of southern California (USA) is recorded in the tectonostratigraphic record, much of which is exposed in the Santa Monica Mountains and their surroundings. This field trip examines the stratigraphic record that documents the Late Cretaceous through Neogene evolution of the southern California continental margin. The oldest exposed tectonostratigraphic units of latest Jurassic and earliest Cretaceous age (ca. 150–140 Ma) reflect poorly understood plate interactions, possibly coeval with or somewhat younger than the Nevadan orogeny recorded in the western Sierra Nevada, where an arc-arc collision likely occurred. These plate interactions preceded subduction of the oceanic Farallon plate, which initiated the Cretaceous–Paleogene arc-trench system (ca. 140–30 Ma), within which forearc strata accumulated. Cretaceous and Paleogene forearc strata represent times of both normal (ca. 140–80 Ma) and low-angle (ca. 80–40 Ma) subduction (Laramide). During the latest Paleogene, the arc-trench system was disrupted by interaction with the East Pacific Rise and related transforms, which resulted in progressive evolution of the margin from an arc-trench system into a transform plate boundary (ca. 30–0 Ma). Microplate capture, transrotation, transtension, and transpression have each left a stratigraphic record of these complex and superposed Neogene events. Depositional paleoenvironments included submarine fans, slopes, shelves, fluvial systems, alluvial aprons, and fan deltas. Key outcrops in the Santa Monica Mountains area illustrate these field relationships and paleoenvironments. The overall purpose of this field trip is to observe key aspects of the stratigraphic and structural record that record the complex paleotectonics of the southern California continental margin since the Jurassic.
Phanerozoic emergence of global continental collision and onset of massive crustal eclogitization
Authors: Xia Bing , Artemieva Irina M. , Thybo Hans 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Post-Archean secular changes in continental crust composition, which provide key evidence for the evolution of plate tectonics, remain uncertain, particularly regarding the lower crust. Here, by digitizing 18,000 km of seismic profiles, we demonstrate a change in bulk crustal composition at the Proterozoic–Phanerozoic transition. We document that a mafic crustal layer is preserved in Proterozoic orogens but generally absent in Phanerozoic orogens. We explain this fundamental shift by a change in the global subduction style, where continental collision became important in the Phanerozoic. Densification of the lower crust by widespread eclogitization, triggered by continental collision and subduction, led to massive recycling of mafic lower crust into the mantle, leaving behind buoyant felsic crust and promoting the rise of continents, which led to the emergence of large continental areas above sea level and the related Neoproterozoic oxidation event, followed by the explosion of life in the Phanerozoic.
Assessment of PD-L1 expression and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes in early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma with artificial intelligence algorithms
Authors: Molero Aida , Hernandez Susana , Alonso Marta , Peressini Melina , Curto Daniel , Lopez-Rios Fernando , Conde Esther 
Published: October 2024

AimsTo study programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) with artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms.MethodsThe study included samples from 50 early-stage NSCLCs. PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) stained slides (clone SP263) were scored manually and with two different AI tools (PathAI and Navify Digital Pathology) by three pathologists. TILs were digitally assessed on H&E and CD8 IHC stained sections with two different algorithms (PathAI and Navify Digital Pathology, respectively). The agreement between observers and methods for each biomarker was analysed. For PD-L1, the turn-around time (TAT) for manual versus AI-assisted scoring was recorded.ResultsAgreement was higher in tumours with low PD-L1 expression regardless of the approach. Both AI-powered tools identified a significantly higher number of cases equal or above 1% PD-L1 tumour proportion score as compared with manual scoring (p=0.00015), a finding with potential therapeutic implications. Regarding TAT, there were significant differences between manual scoring and AI use (p value <0.0001 for all comparisons). The total TILs density with the PathAI algorithm and the total density of CD8+ cells with the Navify Digital Pathology software were significantly correlated (τ=0.49 (95% CI 0.37, 0.61), p value<0.0001).ConclusionsThis preliminary study supports the use of AI algorithms for the scoring of PD-L1 and TILs in patients with NSCLC.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors among workers: results from the Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health study
Authors: Islam Zobida , Yamamoto Shohei , Inoue Yosuke , Honda Toru , Yamamoto Shuichiro , Nakagawa Tohru , Okazaki Hiroko , Ide Hiroshi , Miyamoto Toshiaki , Kochi Takeshi , Ogasawara Takayuki , Yamamoto Makoto , Gonmori Naoki , Yamamoto Kenya , Yokoya Toshitaka , Konishi Maki , Dohi Seitaro , Kabe Isamu , Mizoue Tetsuya 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions on human activities have greatly changed lifestyles, which might have deteriorated the cardiometabolic profile.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors among Japanese workers in fiscal years (FY) 2020 and 2021 compared with the prepandemic period.MethodThis study comprised an average of 71 025 employees in Japan who underwent annual health check-ups for at least two successive years from 2015 to 2021. Annual incidence rates from 2016 to 2021 were assessed for obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The observed incidence rates in 2020 and 2021 were compared with the predicted incidence based on prepandemic trends (2016 to 2019).ResultsRelative to the prepandemic, the incidence of all the outcomes, except for dyslipidaemia, significantly increased in 2020. Between FY 2016 and 2019, the adjusted mean incidence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and MetS was 5.0%, 1.4%, 5.3%, 17.4% and 7.6%, respectively. In FY 2020, the adjusted incidence (95% CI) of these outcomes increased to 6.02 (5.80 to 6.24), 1.84 (1.73 to 1.96), 6.62 (6.40 to 6.83), 19.31 (18.83 to 19.78) and 8.51 (8.23 to 8.78), which were higher than the predicted incidence of 5.24 (4.99 to 5.49), 1.54 (1.41 to 1.67), 6.02 (5.76 to 6.27), 18.58 (18.00 to 19.16) and 8.05 (7.71 to 8.38) for 2020, respectively. The incidence returned to the prepandemic levels in FY 2021.ConclusionResults showed a worsening of the cardiometabolic profile during the initial year of the pandemic, which was reverted in the second year to the levels before the pandemic.
A class of index polynomial invariants for virtual knots using flat virtual knots invariants
Authors: Lin Bingyu , Li Fengling 
Published: October 2024

In this paper, a class of indices is constructed using a polynomial invariant [Formula: see text] for flat virtual knots. For any integer [Formula: see text] not less than [Formula: see text], the classical crossings of an oriented virtual knot diagram are classified into two types according to whether the intersection index of the classical crossings can be divided by [Formula: see text]. We assign an index to each classical crossing whose intersection index is not divisible by [Formula: see text], the index is related to the flat virtual knot diagram corresponding to the virtual knot diagram obtained by applying 0-smoothing at that classical crossing. We construct a class of index polynomials by using these indices and prove that they are invariants of virtual knots, and also discuss some of their properties.
UNVEILING THE IMPACT OF ANNEALING ON CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION-SYNTHESIZED CALCIUM ZIRCONATE THIN-FILMS: STRUCTURAL, MORPHOLOGICAL, OPTICAL, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AND LUMINESCENT CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: KUMAR N. KARTHICK , KAVITHA M. , KAVITHA V. , PANDI P. 
Published: October 2024

The chemical bath deposition method (CBD) was used to create thin films of calcium zirconate on a glass substrate. After that, the samples were annealed for an hour at three different temperatures: [Formula: see text]C, [Formula: see text]C, and [Formula: see text]C. The structural parameters of the samples like lattice strain, dislocation density and crystallite size were calculated from XRD analysis. The lattice strain was found to be very low. The crystallite size confirms the nano-size of the synthesized sample. From UV analysis, the optical energy direct bandgap was calculated in the range of 3.98–4.16[Formula: see text]eV. A higher annealing temperature of [Formula: see text]C causes the thin film’s bandgap to diminish, confirming the calcium zirconate thin film’s broad bandgap characteristics. From SEM analysis, morphology, and adhesive nature was analyzed, and from AFM analysis, the grain size of the sample was found to be in 300[Formula: see text]nm.
A GRAPH CONVOLUTIONAL NETWORK APPROACH FOR PREDICTING NETWORK ROBUSTNESS
Authors: LU XINBIAO , LIU ZECHENG , XING HAO , XIE XUPENG , YE CHUNLIN 
Published: October 2024

Network robustness, which includes controllability robustness and connectivity robustness, reflects the ability of a network system to withstand attacks. In this paper, a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) approach is proposed for predicting network robustness. In contrast to the existing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach, the network topology and the node characteristics are directly used as GCN input without being converted into a grayscale image. Due to the reduction in the number of feature maps, the model size of a GCN is greatly reduced to only 1% of a CNN. Extensive experimental studies on four representative networks and six real networks have proven that the proposed approach can achieve better predictive performance with less training and running time.
First-in-Human Dose-Escalation Study of Fianlimab, an Antilymphocyte Activation Gene-3 Antibody, with Cemiplimab in Patients with Advanced Malignancies
Authors: Lakhani Nehal J. , Papadopoulos Kyriakos P. , Johnson Melissa Lynne , Park Haeseong , Wang Ding , Yap Timothy A. , Dowlati Afshin , Maki Robert G. , Ulahannan Susanna , Lynce Filipa , Kelly Karen , Williamson Stephen , Malhotra Jyoti , Chen Shuquan , Gonzalez Ortiz Ana , Jankovic Vladimir , Paccaly Anne , Masinde Sheila , Mani Jayakumar , Lowy Israel , Gullo Giuseppe , Sims Tasha , Kroog Glenn 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Preclinical data indicate that fianlimab (antilymphocyte activation gene-3) plus cemiplimab (anti–PD-1) enhances antitumor activity. Here, we report prespecified final analyses of the dose-escalation part of a first-in-human, phase 1 study (NCT03005782) of fianlimab as monotherapy and in combination with cemiplimab in patients with advanced malignancies.

Patients and Methods:
Adult patients received 1 to 40 mg/kg of fianlimab plus 350 mg of cemiplimab every 3 weeks (Q3W) across various dose-escalation schedules. Primary objectives were the rate of dose-limiting toxicities, adverse events (including immune mediated), deaths, laboratory abnormalities, and pharmacokinetics. Secondary outcomes were objective response rate, best overall response, duration of response, and antidrug antibody variables.

Results:
Seventy-eight patients were enrolled (fianlimab + cemiplimab, n = 47; fianlimab monotherapy, n = 31). One patient treated with 3 mg/kg fianlimab + cemiplimab experienced dose-limiting toxicities, including increased blood creatine phosphokinase and myasthenic syndrome. No maximum tolerated dose was reached. Any-grade treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 90% of patients with fianlimab monotherapy, in 87% of patients with fianlimab + cemiplimab, and in 87% of patients who transitioned from monotherapy to combination therapy. Fianlimab pharmacokinetics were dose proportional and similar in monotherapy and combination therapy. Across patients who received fianlimab + cemiplimab, five achieved a partial response, three of whom experienced a response after transitioning from monotherapy to combination therapy. Fianlimab 1,600 mg Q3W (20 mg/kg in an 80-kg individual) is the selected dose for phase 2 and phase 3 studies.

Conclusions:
Fianlimab as monotherapy and in combination with cemiplimab demonstrated acceptable safety and preliminary antitumor activity, which is generally consistent with previous reports of cemiplimab.
Abstract A009: T cell immune landscape in melanoma patients before and post immune checkpoint blockade treatment
Authors: Luo Ying , Yao Chen , Wu Tuoqi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized cancer treatment. Immune cells, especially T cells, play a crucial role in ICB. However, ICB- induced T cell response remains incompletely investigated. Revealing T cell landscape changes caused by ICB could promote the discovery of novel biomarkers with predictive efficacy and toxicity and the potential strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy while reducing side effects. We used single cell-based sequencing approaches to analyze transcriptome and surface protein of T cells in peripheral blood collected before and post ICB treatment from melanoma patients with immune-related adverse events. A total of 17 cell clusters were identified and annotated according to the expression of RNA and protein. Collectively, variation existed among the recruited participants. ICB treatment decreased the proportion of memory CD4 T cells while increasing the proportion of T follicular helper cells. In summary, these findings provide insight into how ICB modulates T cell responses in melanoma patients.
Citation Format: Ying Luo, Chen Yao, Tuoqi Wu. T cell immune landscape in melanoma patients before and post immune checkpoint blockade treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2024 Oct 18-21; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2024;12(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A009.