bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antecedents and consequences of corporate communication management (CCM)
Authors: Mohamad Bahtiar , Nguyen Bang , Melewar TC , Gambetti Rossella 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a degree of clarity on the corporate communication management (CCM) concept, by building a conceptual framework that uncovers its underlying antecedents and consequences. Although it is consolidated that corporate communication and information together play an important role in strategic management planning because of the high relevance of managing positive relationships with multiple stakeholder that have a strong impact on corporate survival, extant literature suggests that there have been few empirical studies so far assessing the contribution of CCM to organisational performance.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is conceptual, and a model is developed as a result of an extensive critical multidisciplinary literature review.FindingsFindings of this study identify three antecedents of CCM, namely, culture, information and communication technology innovation diffusion and corporate leadership. In addition, the study highlights a potential positive relationship between CCM, financial performance and corporate mission achievement. An integrative conceptual framework and a detailed summary table are presented in the paper.Originality/valueThis study provides a comprehensive critical insight into a growing body of corporate communication and information business literature that offers the basis for a thorough assessment of CCM contribution to organisational performance. By doing so, it advances the body of applicable knowledge of corporate communication meant as a strategic management lever. Moreover, the managerial and policy implications provided in this paper may help corporate communication and information practitioners to identify the key guidelines for the design and implementation of an appropriate CCM programme.
Stable interconnections for LTCC micro-heater using isothermal solidification technique
Authors: Suresh Kumar Duguta , Suri Nikhil , Khanna P.K. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this work is to explore the forms of intermetallic phase compounds (IMPCs) in Pt/In/Au and Pt/In/Ag joints by using isothermal solidification. This lead-free technique leads to formation of IMPCs having high-temperature stable joints for platinum-based micro-heater gas sensor fabricated on low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) substrate.

Design/methodology/approach
Proposed task is to make an interconnection for Pt micro-heater electrode pad to the silver and gold thick-films printed on LTCC substrate. Both Pt/In/Au and Pt/In/Ag configured joints with different interactive areas prepared at 190 and 220°C to study temperature and contact surface area effects on ultimate tensile strength of the joints, for a 20 s reaction time, at 0.2 MPa applied pressure. Those delaminated joint interfaces studied under SEM, EDAX and XRD.

Findings
IMPCs identified through material analysis using diffraction analysis of XRD data are InPt3, AgIn2, AgPt, AgPt3, Au9In4 and other stoichiometric compounds. The interactive surface area between thick-films and temperature increment shows improvement in the formations of IMPCs and mechanical stability of joints. These IMPCs-based joints have improved the mechanical stability to the joints to sustain even at high operating temperatures. Elemental mapping of the weak joint contact interface shows unwanted oxide formations also reported. Physical inter-locking followed by the diffusion phenomenon on the silver substrate strengthen the interconnection has been noticed.

Research limitations/implications
Inert gas environment creation inside the chamber to isolate the lead-free joint placed between heating stamp pads to avoid oxide formations at the interface while cooling which adds up to the cost of manufacturing. Most of the oxides at a joint-interface increase minute to moderate resistance with respect to the level of oxides took place. These oxides contributed heat certainly damage the micro-heater based gas sensors while functioning.

Practical implications
These isothermal solidification-based lead-free solder joints formation replace the existing lead-based packaging techniques. These lead-free interconnections on ceramic or LTCC substrate are reliable and durable, especially those designed to work for heavy-duty engines, even at severe environment conditions.

Originality/value
Platinum micro-heater-based gas sensors handles over a wide-range of temperatures about 300 to 500°C. The specific temperature level of different oxide films (SnO2) on the micro-heater is capable of detecting various specific gases. This feature of platinum based gas sensor demands durable and mechanically stable joints for continuous monitoring.
A spatially integrated framework for assessing socioecological drivers of carnivore decline
Authors: Gálvez Nicolás , Guillera‐Arroita Gurutzeta , St. John Freya A. V. , Schüttler Elke , Macdonald David W. , Davies Zoe G. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation are key threats to the long‐term persistence of carnivores, which are also susceptible to direct persecution by people. Integrating natural and social science methods to examine how habitat configuration/quality and human–predator relations may interact in space and time to effect carnivore populations within human‐dominated landscapes will help prioritise conservation investment and action effectively.

We propose a socioecological modelling framework to evaluate drivers of carnivore decline in landscapes where predators and people coexist. By collecting social and ecological data at the same spatial scale, candidate models can be used to quantify and tease apart the relative importance of different threats.

We apply our methodological framework to an empirical case study, the threatened güiña (Leopardus guigna) in the temperate forest ecoregion of southern Chile, to illustrate its use. Existing literature suggests that the species is declining due to habitat loss, fragmentation and persecution in response to livestock predation. Data used in modelling were derived from four seasons of camera‐trap surveys, remote‐sensed images and household questionnaires.

Occupancy dynamics were explained by habitat configuration/quality covariates rather than by human–predator relations. Güiñas can tolerate a high degree of habitat loss (>80% within a home range). They are primarily impacted by fragmentation and land subdivision (larger farms being divided into smaller ones). Ten per cent of surveyed farmers (N = 233) reported illegally killing the species over the past decade.

Synthesis and applications. By integrating ecological and social data, collected at the same spatial scale, within a single modelling framework, our study demonstrates the value of an interdisciplinary approach to assessing the potential threats to a carnivore. It has allowed us to tease apart effectively the relative importance of different potential extinction pressures for the güiña (Leopardus guigna), make informed conservation recommendations and prioritise where future interventions should be targeted. We have identified that human‐dominated landscapes with large intensive farms can be of conservation value, as long as an appropriate network of habitat patches is maintained within the matrix. Conservation efforts to secure the long‐term persistence of the species should focus on reducing habitat fragmentation rather than human persecution.
Expectations, Trust, and ‘No Surprises’: Perceptions of Autonomy in New Zealand Crown Entities
Authors: Löfgren Karl , Macaulay Michael , Berman Evan , Plimmer Geoff 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHow autonomous are New Zealand Crown entities really? Although agencification and the autonomy of governmental agenda has been high on the research agenda in most modern industrialised jurisdictions since the mid‐1990s, the discussion in New Zealand on the role of the Crown entities has more indirectly touched upon this issue. Based on the international literature on agency autonomy, this article presents new empirical evidence. The study is based on semi‐structured elite interviews with retired Chief Executives of various Crown entities. The study shows that autonomy is a multifaceted concept in the New Zealand agency context, and does not necessarily means a vertical connection to the responsible ministry or to the board.
Food preferences determine habitat selection at multiple scales: implication for bird conservation in tropical forests
Authors: Chatterjee S. , Basu P. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractForest degradation and fragmentation of quality habitat across the tropics underpins an urgent need for the conservation of area‐sensitive species. Management strategies adopted for small‐scale landscape patches may not be suitable for conservation of different communities across large landscapes. In this context, we examined the relationship of bird community composition and different bird functional groups with tree cover and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) at multiple landscape scales and also tested the effect of forest degradation on bird community composition. This study demonstrates the importance of core forest habitat for the conservation of area sensitive species. Forest degradation had negative impact on the bird community composition though some functional groups were associated with degraded areas. At the community level, bird density and richness was best explained by a combination of both NDVI at the patch level (50 m scale) and tree cover at the landscape level (500 m scale) where the patch level character was found to be more important than landscape level character. Most of the functional groups which preferred insects as primary or secondary diet items were sensitive to differences at the patch level (NDVI), whereas large frugivorous species were sensitive to differences at the landscape level (tree cover). High vegetation complexity should be conserved at the patch level (at least up to 50 m) for the conservation of insectivorous, nectarivorous and small to medium size frugivorous groups and tree cover should be conserved at the landscape level (at least up to 500 m) for the conservation of large‐bodied frugivorous birds.
Single and combined effects of plant‐derived and synthetic cannabinoids on cognition and cannabinoid‐associated withdrawal signs in mice
Authors: Myers Alyssa M , Siegele Patrick B , Foss Jeffrey D , Tuma Ronald F , Ward Sara Jane 
Published: January 2018

Background and PurposeIt has been suggested that the non‐euphorogenic phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) can ameliorate adverse effects of Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). We determined whether CBD ameliorates cognitive deficits and withdrawal signs induced by cannabinoid CB1/CB2 receptor agonists or produces these pharmacological effects on its own.Experimental ApproachThe effects of THC or the CB1/CB2 receptor full agonist WIN55212 alone, CBD alone or their combination were tested across a range of doses. Cognitive effects were assessed in C57BL/6 mice in a conditional discrimination task and in the Barnes maze. Cannabinoid withdrawal signs were assessed following precipitated withdrawal by acute administration of the CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716, the 5‐HT1A receptor antagonist WAY100635, the TRPV1 receptor antagonist capsazepine or the adenosine A2A receptor antagonist SCH58261.Key ResultsTHC produced significant motor and cognitive impairment in the Barnes maze task, none of which were attenuated by the addition of CBD. CBD alone did not affect cognitive performance. Precipitation of withdrawal signs by SR141716 occurred in mice chronically treated with THC or WIN55,212. These withdrawal signs were not attenuated by addition of chronic CBD. Chronic treatment with CBD alone did not induce withdrawal signs precipitated by SR141716 or WAY100635. Chronic CBD treatment also produced anxiolysis, which was not altered by attempting to precipitate withdrawal‐induced anxiety with a range of antagonists.Conclusions and ImplicationsCBD as a monotherapy may prove to be a safer pharmacological agent, than CB1 receptor agonists alone or in combination with CBD, for the treatment of several disorders.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on 8th European Workshop on Cannabinoid Research. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.10/issuetoc
From Urban–Rural Division to Urban–Rural Integration: A Systematic Cost Explanation and Chengdu's Experience
Authors: Lu Qian , Yao Shurong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThere is a considerable urban–rural divide in economic wellbeing in China. Since it was established as an urban–rural reform zone in 2007, Chengdu has seen significant reduction in the disparity in its urban and rural household incomes. From 2007 to 2010, Chengdu adopted urban–rural coordination policy by defining rural land property rights and establishing a rural land market. After 2010, Chengdu adopted an urban–rural integration strategy and allowed villager and business enterprises to participate in land consolidation. The transition from urban–rural division to urban–rural integration involves reducing systematic costs. The degree of urban–rural integration depends on the extent of the reduction in systematic costs.
Pregnancy in Diabetes: challenges and opportunities for improving pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Murphy H. R. , Bell R. , Dornhorst A. , Forde R. , Lewis‐Barned N. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOur aim was to review the data from the National Pregnancy in Diabetes (NPID) audit, and to identify the challenges and opportunities for improving pregnancy outcomes in women with diabetes. We reviewed three years of NPID data and relevant diabetes and obstetric literature, and found that there has been little change in pregnancy preparation or outcomes over the past 3 years, with substantial clinic‐to clinic variations in care. Women with Type 2 diabetes remain less likely to take 5 mg preconception folic acid (22.8% vs. 41.8%; P < 0.05), and more likely to take potentially harmful medications (statin and/or ACE inhibitor 13.0% vs. 1.8%; P < 0.05) than women with Type 1 diabetes. However, women with Type 1 diabetes are less likely to achieve the recommended glucose control target of HbA1c < 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) (14.9% vs. 38.1%; P < 0.05). The following opportunities for improvement were identified. First, the need to integrate reproductive health into the diabetes care plans of all women with diabetes aged 15–50 years. Second, to develop more innovative approaches to improve uptake of pre‐pregnancy care in women with Type 2 diabetes in primary care settings. Third, to integrate insulin pump, continuous glucose monitoring and automated insulin delivery technologies into the pre‐pregnancy and antenatal care of women with Type 1 diabetes. Fourth, to improve postnatal care with personalized approaches targeting women with previous pregnancy loss, congenital anomaly and perinatal mortality. A nationwide commitment to delivering integrated reproductive and diabetes healthcare interventions is needed to improve the health outcomes of women with diabetes.
Postnatal experiences, knowledge and perceptions of women with gestational diabetes
Authors: Eades C. E. , France E. F. , Evans J. M. M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimWomen with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of Type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to explore experiences, knowledge and perceptions of women with GDM to inform the design of interventions to prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were carried out with 16 women with GDM who were recruited from a clinic in one Scottish health board. A framework approach was used to manage and analyse data according to themes informed by psychological theory (self‐regulation model and theory of planned behaviour).ResultsGDM is not seen as an important, or even real diagnosis among some women, and this perception may result from the perceived minimal impact of GDM on their lives. Some women did experience a bigger emotional and practical impact. Knowledge and understanding of Type 2 diabetes was poor in general and many women were unconcerned about their future risk. Lower concern appeared to be linked to a lower perceived impact of GDM. Lifestyle changes discussed by women mostly related to diet and were motivated primarily by concern for their baby's health. Many women did not maintain these changes postnatally, reporting significant barriers.ConclusionsThis study has suggested potential avenues to be explored in terms of content, timing and potential recipients of interventions. Educational interventions postnatally could address illness perceptions in women with GDM and redress the situation where lack of aftercare downplays its seriousness. For lifestyle interventions, the child's health could be used as a motivator within the context of later joint or family interventions.
Analysis of variance in soil research: let the analysis fit the design
Authors: Webster R. , Lark R. M. 
Published: January 2018

SummarySound design for experiments on soil is based on two fundamental principles: replication and randomization. Replication enables investigators to detect and measure contrasts between treatments against the backdrop of natural variation. Random allocation of experimental treatments to units enables effects to be estimated without bias and hypotheses to be tested. For inferential tests of effects to be valid an analysis of variance (anova) of the experimental data must match exactly the experimental design. Completely randomized designs are usually inefficient. Blocking will usually increase precision, and its role must be recognized as a unique entry in an anova table. Factorial designs enable questions on two or more factors and their interactions to be answered simultaneously, and split‐plot designs may enable investigators to combine factors that require disparate amounts of land for each treatment. Each such design has its unique correct anova; no other anova will do. One outcome of an anova is a test of significance. If it turns out to be positive then the investigator may examine the contrasts between treatments to discover which themselves are significant. Those contrasts should have been ones in which the investigator was interested at the outset and which the experiment was designed to test. Post‐hoc testing of all possible contrasts is deprecated as unsound, although the procedures may guide an investigator to further experimentation. Examples of the designs with simulated data and programs in GenStat and R for the analyses of variance are provided as File S1.Highlights
Replication and randomization are essential for sound experimentation on variable soil.
Analyses of variance of data from experiments must match the experimental designs.
Experiments should be designed to answer preplanned questions and test hypotheses.
Efficiency can be gained by blocking and factorial combinations of treatments.
The importance of long‐term experiments in agriculture: their management to ensure continued crop production and soil fertility; the Rothamsted experience
Authors: Johnston A. E. , Poulton P. R. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryLong‐term field experiments that test a range of treatments and are intended to assess the sustainability of crop production, and thus food security, must be managed actively to identify any treatment that is failing to maintain or increase yields. Once identified, carefully considered changes can be made to the treatment or management, and if they are successful yields will change. If suitable changes cannot be made to an experiment to ensure its continued relevance to sustainable crop production, then it should be stopped. Long‐term experiments have many other uses. They provide a field resource and samples for research on plant and soil processes and properties, especially those properties where change occurs slowly and affects soil fertility. Archived samples of all inputs and outputs are an invaluable source of material for future research, and data from current and archived samples can be used to develop models to describe soil and plant processes. Such changes and uses in the Rothamsted experiments are described, and demonstrate that with the appropriate crop, soil and management, acceptable yields can be maintained for many years, with either organic manure or inorganic fertilizers.Highlights
Long‐term experiments demonstrate sustainability and increases in crop yield when managed to optimize soil fertility.
Shifting individual response curves into coincidence increases understanding of the factors involved.
Changes in inorganic and organic pollutants in archived crop and soil samples are related to inputs over time.
Models describing soil processes are developed from current and archived soil data.
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy in patients treated with brain‐responsive neurostimulation
Authors: Devinsky Orrin , Friedman Daniel , Duckrow Robert B , Fountain Nathan B , Gwinn Ryder P , Leiphart James W , Murro Anthony M , Van Ness Paul C 
Published: January 2018

SummaryObjectiveTo study the incidence and clinical features of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in patients treated with direct brain‐responsive stimulation with the RNS System.MethodsAll deaths in patients treated in clinical trials (N = 256) or following U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval (N = 451) through May 5, 2016, were adjudicated for SUDEP.ResultsThere were 14 deaths among 707 patients (2208 postimplantation years), including 2 possible, 1 probable, and 4 definite SUDEP events. The rate of probable or definite SUDEP was 2.0/1000 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.7‐5.2) over 2036 patient stimulation years and 2.3/1000 (95% CI 0.9‐5.4) over 2208 patient implant years. Stored electrocorticograms around the time of death were available for 4 patients with probable/definite SUDEP and revealed the following: frequent epileptiform activity ending abruptly (n = 2), no epileptiform activity or seizures (n = 1), and an electrographic and witnessed seizure with cessation of postictal electrocorticography (ECoG) activity associated with apnea and pulselessness (n = 1).SignificanceThe SUDEP rate of 2.0/1000 patient stimulation years among patients treated with the RNS System is favorable relative to treatment‐resistant epilepsy patients randomized to the placebo arm of add‐on drug studies or with seizures after resective surgery. Our findings support that treatments that reduce seizures reduce SUDEP risk and that not all SUDEPs follow seizures.