bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CURRENT STATE AND FORMATION PROBLEMS OF TOURISM IN RURAL AREAS OF TAMBOV REGION
Authors: Околелов Андрей , Okolelov Andrey 
Published: November 2016

Promotion of agritourism in Russian regions is a key condition for the formation and development of this promising trend of tourism industry.
Comprehensive elaboration of regulatory and legal framework, as well as the consolidation and the multifaceted support of the municipal and regional authorities are in need for its implementation. The article is devoted to assessing the current state and development problems of agritourism in Tambov region. Agritourism in Tambov region is at the initial stage. In the region there is a complex of natural, cultural, historical and socio-economic condi- tions for its development. However, there are a number of difficulties (legal, infrastructure and others). The state and regional programs for the domestic tourism development and support for small businesses in rural areas are the most important element for the successful development of rural tourism. The article provides an analysis of tourist potential of Tambov region and identifies the problems and prospects of domestic tourism development. The author describes possibilities of agritourism for promotion and innovative development of domestic tourism, as well as justifies the necessity of the various forms of supporting tourism destinations. Tambov is currently one of the most promising regions of Russia for investments in tourism development, especially agritourism. However, successful development of this kind of business needs not only support at the municipal level. The solution of problem of agritourism development lies at the regional level. In addition, systematic work is needed in the field of professional training in rural tourism activities. For this purpose, in the region a system of continuous education in agribusiness has been developed It includes the implementation of the project activities with school children in the field of rural tourism, professional training of bachelors of technology and organization of excursion services (Agritourism) and advanced training courses for workers of RF Ministry of Agriculture
DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS OF RURAL TOURISM: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Сидельникова Ксения , Sidelnikova Kseniya , Иволга Анна , Ivolga Anna , Карнаухова Яна , Karnaukhova Yana 
Published: November 2016

The contemporary relevance of ensuring sustainable rural development stems from the growing economic and social backwardness of rural territories on the one hand, and their ultimate importance for the state in the context of food security, preservation of soil and environmental resources, and the use of agricultural, production and labour potentials on the other hand. One of the key conditions for sustainable rural development is population strength- ening in rural areas and its sufficient employment. The article analyzes the current demographic problems of rural development, based on the example of Stavropol region. The authors describe threats to sustainable rural development such as unemployment and depopulation, as well as substantiate the practicality of diversification of traditional rural sources of income by means of tourism and other alternative activities.
The research is performed on the base of actual materials and the results of studies related to the rural tourism development, and also using the authors&#180; observations. The authors have used monographic, sociological, economicstatistical methods of research, the systematic approach and comprehensive analysis.
Rural tourism today should be seen as an important development direction of entrepreneurship and diversification in rural areas, as one of the important areas of sustainable development, and as a form and the chance of economic, social and cultural revitalization of rural areas as a whole. This makes the study of essence and prospects of this business direction development of high priority.
Exploration of the economic and quality of life impact on carers of individuals undergoing community rehabilitation
Authors: Comans Tracy A , Sealey Cindy J , Mervin Merehau C , Barker Ruth N 
Published: November 2016

Background/Aims: For people with neurological conditions, informal carers form an important part of the rehabilitation journey. The aim of the current study was to assess the economic and quality of life outcomes for someone caring for a person undertaking a community rehabilitation programme. Methods: A prospective study was conducted of a community rehabilitation service with baseline and 3-month follow-up data. Participants in this study were carers of people undergoing rehabilitation. Data was collected on time spent caring and on employment status using a questionnaire. Quality of life was measured using the carer experience scale. Results: Carers spend an average of 28 hours per week in caring activities and this was similar after rehabilitation was complete. Replacement by a paid worker would cost over A$650 a week. Quality of life of the carer did not significantly change after rehabilitation was completed. Thirty-seven percent of carers have ceased work because of their caring duties. Conclusions: Three months may be too short to measure the impact of rehabilitation on carers. Carers represent a substantial economic resource and carers are at increased risk of poverty because of their caring duties. Integrating carers into the rehabilitation process may help improve outcomes for carers as well as for clients of community rehabilitation services.
Can eyes cause neck pain?
Authors: Hood Wendy , Hood Martin 
Published: November 2016

Background/Aims: Cackground/Aims: This article is a narrative analysis of literature relating to ocular-motor imbalance and the potential postural consequences. It aims to highlight the importance of sensory integration between the visual and vestibular systems and proprioception. The consequences of extra-ocular muscle imbalance are discussed in terms of the disruption to this sensory integration. The symptoms that this may give rise to include spinal pain, postural instability and potential increased risk of falls. This paper therefore encourages a wider multidisciplinary awareness in managing patients with such symptoms.
Pulsed electromagnetic field versus microcurrent electrical nerve stimulation in patients with lateral epicondylopathy
Authors: Ammar Tarek Abdel Rahman 
Published: November 2016

Background: Lateral epicondylopathy is a frequent overload injury of the common wrist extensor tendons. This study was designed to compare between the effects of the pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) and microcurrent electrical nerve stimulation (MENS) on improving pain intensity, threshold, and grip strength in patients with lateral epicondylopathy. Methods: Eighty-four subjects were randomly assigned into three equal groups. Group 1 received PEMF and exercises, group 2 received MENS and exercises, and group 3 received exercises. All subjects received three visits a week for 4 weeks. The visual analogue scale, the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire and the hand dynamometer were used to measure pain intensity, disability and grip strength. Results: There were improvements in all dependent variables. Also, subjects who received PEMF and exercises had the most significant effects. PEMF may be more effective than MENS in treating lateral epicondylopathy by reducing pain intensity, disability and increasing grip strength. Conclusions: PEMF may be more effective than MENS in treating lateral epicondylopathy by reducing pain intensity, disability and increasing grip strength.
Cognitive change following stroke and its impact on long-term care
Authors: Orme Fiona , Gurr Birgit 
Published: November 2016

Aims/Background: The outcomes of cognitive assessments after stroke provide important information for the implementation of immediate specialist interventions. This study investigated the trajectory of cognitive changes in an acute stroke sample. This was done by examining the relationship between cognitive changes following stroke as determined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and patients' discharge locations (own home, home with social care package, and placement). Method: The data of 124 hospitalised patients with acute stroke was retrospectively analysed. Patients' age ranged from 51 to 96 years, 77 patients were women and 47 were men. Data of post-stroke cognitive outcomes as represented by the MoCA results and discharge location were collected. Results: Patients' MoCA Mean outcome was 12.12 and Standard Deviation 7.77. Significant differences were found between patients with low post-stroke cognitive functioning, requiring more intensive care after discharge (i.e. placement), and those with better cognition, who subsequently were discharged home. The MoCA subdomain ‘Concentration and Calculation’ was associated most with discharge location. The study outcomes can potentially improve the efficiency of very early interventions and hospital discharge plans for acute stroke patients.
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of chronic diabetic foot ulcers: a prospective randomised trial
Authors: Jeppesen S.M. , Yderstraede K.B. , Rasmussen B.S.B. , Hanna M. , Lund L. 
Published: November 2016

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on healing chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Method: Patients with chronic DFUs were randomised (1:1) to receive a series of six ESWT treatments over 3 weeks in combination with standard care or standard care alone. ESWT was performed on DFUs using 250 shocks/cm2 and 500 shocks on arterial beds supplying the ulcer location. Results: We recruited 23 patients, 11 in the intervention group and 12 in the control. Transcutaneous oxygen tension was significantly increased in patients treated with ESWT compared with those receiving standard care alone at 3 weeks (p=0.044). Ulcer area reduction was 34.5% in the intervention group versus 5.6% in the control group at 7 weeks (p=0.387). Within-group analysis revealed a significant reduction of ulcer area in the intervention group (p<0.01), while healing was not demonstrated in the control group (p>0.05) (data tested for trend). Conclusion: This randomised study indicates a potential beneficial effect of ESWT on ulcer healing as well as tissue oxygenation. Owing to weaknesses of the study and the fact that ulcer healing was not significantly improved in the intervention group compared with the control group, a larger randomised trial with blinded design is suggested.
Calibration power of the Braden scale in predicting pressure ulcer development
Authors: Chen Hong-Lin , Cao Ying-Juan , Wang Jing , Huai Bao-Sha 
Published: November 2016

Objective:Calibration is the degree of correspondence between the estimated probability produced by a model and the actual observed probability. The aim of this study was to investigate the calibration power of the Braden scale in predicting pressure ulcer development (PU).Method:A retrospective analysis was performed among consecutive patients in 2013. The patients were separated into training a group and a validation group. The predicted incidence was calculated using a logistic regression model in the training group and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used for assessing the goodness of fit. In the validation cohort, the observed and the predicted incidence were compared by the Chi-square (χ2) goodness of fit test for calibration power.Results:We included 2585 patients in the study, of these 78 patients (3.0%) developed a PU. Between the training and validation groups the patient characteristics were non-significant (p>0.05). In the training group, the logistic regression model for predicting pressure ulcer was Logit(P) = –0.433*Braden score+2.616. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed no goodness fit (χ2=13.472; p=0.019). In the validation group, the predicted pressure ulcer incidence also did not fit well with the observed incidence (χ2=42.154, p=0.000 by Braden scores; and χ2=17.223, p=0.001 by Braden scale risk classification).Conclusion:The Braden scale has low calibration power in predicting PU formation.
Is calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation a valid index of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-derived bone mass in children?
Authors: Weeks B. K. , Hirsch R. , Nogueira R. C. , Beck B. R. 
Published: November 2016

Objectives The aim of the current study was to assess whether calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) can predict whole body and regional dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived bone mass in healthy, Australian children and adolescents at different stages of maturity. Methods A total of 389 boys and girls across a wide age range (four to 18 years) volunteered to participate. The estimated age of peak height velocity (APHV) was used to classify children into pre-, peri-, and post-APHV groups. BUA was measured at the non-dominant heel with quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS) (Lunar Achilles Insight, GE), while bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were examined at the femoral neck, lumbar spine and whole body (DXA, XR-800, Norland). Associations between BUA and DXA-derived measures were examined with Pearson correlations and linear regression. Participants were additionally ranked in quartiles for QUS and DXA measures in order to determine agreement in rankings. Results For the whole sample, BUA predicted 29% of the study population variance in whole body BMC and BMD, 23% to 24% of the study population variance in lumbar spine BMC and BMD, and 21% to 24% of the variance in femoral neck BMC and BMD (p < 0.001). BUA predictions were strongest for the most mature participants (pre-APHV R2 = 0.03 to 0.19; peri-APHV R2 = 0.05 to 0.17; post-APHV R2 = 0.18 to 0.28) and marginally stronger for girls (R2 = 0.25-0.32, p < 0.001) than for boys (R2 = 0.21-0.27, p < 0.001). Agreement in quartile rankings between QUS and DXA measures of bone mass was generally poor (27.3% to 38.2%). Conclusion Calcaneal BUA has a weak to moderate relationship with DXA measurements of bone mass in children, and has a tendency to misclassify children on the basis of quartile rankings. Cite this article: B. K. Weeks, R. Hirsch, R. C. Nogueira, B. R. Beck. Is calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation a valid index of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-derived bone mass in children? Bone Joint Res 2016;5:538–543. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.511.BJR-2016-0116.R1.
The Effect of Temperature on the Properties of Fresh Self-Compacting Concrete
Authors: Cygan G. , Gołaszewski J. , Drewniok M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The rheological properties of self-compacting concrete are closely influenced by temperature and the time. Previous studies which aim was to research the effect of temperature on self-compacting concrete workability, showed that the behaviour of fresh SCC at varying temperatures differs from that of normal vibrated concrete. The paper presents the study of rheological properties of fresh self-compacting concrete mixtures made with portland, blast furnace and component cement. Two types of superplasticizers were used. It was proven that temperature has a clear effect on workability; it can be reduced by selecting the appropriate superplasticizer and cement.
Application of Nanomaterials in Production of Self-Sensing Concretes: Contemporary Developments and Prospects
Authors: Horszczaruk E. , Sikora P. , Łukowski P. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In the recent years structural health monitoring (SHM) has gathered spectacular attention in civil engineering applications. Application of such composites enable to improve the safety and performance of structures. Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to development of new family of sensors - self-sensing materials. These materials enable to create the so-called “smart concrete” exhibiting self-sensing ability. Application of self-sensing materials in cement-based materials enables to detect their own state of strain or stress reflected as a change in their electrical properties. The variation of strain or stress is associated with the variation in material’s electrical characteristics, such as resistance or impedance. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently detect and localize crack formation and propagation in selected concrete element. This review is devoted to present contemporary developments in application of nanomaterials in self-sensing cement-based composites and future directions in the field of smart structures.
Selection of the General Contractor Using the AHP Method
Authors: Książek M. , Ciechowicz P. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The topic of this paper is the description of the General Contractor Selection procedure using the AHP method. Another aim of this paper - within the scope of decision-making - is the determination of the potential General Contractor’s evaluation criteria and the selection of the best Bidder using the AHP method. We included the description of the conducted tender proceeding for the purpose of the procurement’s subject. As the decision-making options, we adopted four construction companies that submitted their bid. A key element of the studies was the paired comparison of all hierarchical structure elements. We estimated the local weighting coefficients and global priorities of particular decision-making options as well as analysed the vulnerabilities of the obtained results.
Multicriteria Analysis of Selected Building Thermal Insulation Solutions
Authors: Nowak P. , Skłodkowski M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present and analyse the decision-making problem faced by a future house owner - selection of the optimal solution of building thermal insulation in relation to the selected criteria, both related to costs and future benefits. The problem of selecting the best solutions in the construction sector is widely discussed in the science literature. In this paper, the authors decided to solve the raised problem by using the Entropy method.
Influence of SFRC Layer on Deflections and Cracks of Composite RC Slab
Authors: Sadowska-Buraczewska B. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental analysis of flexural capacity and deformability of structural concrete slabs prepared as composite members consisting of two concrete layers made of reinforced ordinary concrete (N) and fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). The reinforced concrete composite slabs used in the tests were prepared in the dimensions of 600 x 1200 x 80 mm. The basis was composed of two layers consisting of SFRC, one as the top layer, and one as ordinary concrete. The results of the analysis confirm a significant improvement of structural properties of the composite slab in comparison to the slabs prepared wholly of ordinary concrete.
Opinions of Veteran Runners on The Influence Between Long-Distance Running and Holistically Interpreted Health
Authors: Oborný Josef 
Published: November 2016

Summary
The objective of the research was to determine the cognitive basis, the classification and evaluation of the long experience of long-distance runners in the senior category in relation to the perception of running as a factor in their overall health and wellbeing. Research was conducted with a sample of male and female long-distance runners with long experience in domestic and foreign longdistance running events in veteran categories. Oral and written interviews with the same questions were used to acquire information on the correlation between holistically understood health and long-term participation in long-distance running. The interview design allowed respondents to express their opinion on the questions in more detail through additional notes. A quantitative analysis of the acquired data was conducted using standard mathematical operations and the incidence of responses in percentage terms. The hypotheses were tested using a test on the parameter p of a binomial distribution and a median test. Senior-age long-distance runners’ decision to take up running was found to have both heteronomous motivation (encouragement by a sports teacher, admiration for other runners, persuasion by colleagues) and autonomous motivation (an internal need to run, a means for overcoming mental stress and restoring internal balance, the need to lose weight, elimination of health problems, the desire to compete). The majority of runners agreed that long-distance running had a positive effect on their overall health and physical condition. Long-distance runners rated the effect of long-distance running on their social and personal wellbeing to be greater than three on a five-point scale did. There is no statistically significant difference between the number of runners who think that long practice of running has some negative effects on their health and the number of runners who think that it has no negative effects. The majority of runners think that their health is better than that of their peers who do no sport.
An in vitro study on the ability of tannic acid to inhibit methanogenesis and biohydrogenation of C18 PUFA in the rumen of goats
Authors: Al-Jumaili Wisam S. , Goh Yong M. , Jafari Saied , Rajion Mohamed A. , Jahromi Mohamed F. , Ebrahimi Mahdi 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
An in vitro gas production technique, using rumen fluid from four Kacang × Boer crossbred adult goats was used to study the effects of commercial tannic acid (TA, a hydrolysable tannin) on methanogenesis, fatty acid composition and biohydrogenation (BH) of C18 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the rumen. Treatments were control (CON, 50% alfalfa hay (AH) + 50% concentrate), 25 mg TA/250 mgDM (LTA, low TA) and 50 mg TA/250 mgDM (HTA, High TA), which were mixed with 30 mL of buffered rumen fluid and incubated for 24 h. The study revealed that TA supplementation had no negative effect on rumen fermentation parameters such as pH, NH3N, acetic/propionic ratio and total volatile fatty acid (tVFA). Methane (CH4) production (mL/250 mg DM) decreased (P<0.05) with increasing levels of TA. Greatest CH4 reduction (%) was recorded for MTA (20.30%) and LTA (13.00%) compared with CON. Supplementation of the diet with TA did not affect the rate of rumen BH (%) of C18:1n-9 (oleic acid; OA), C18:2n-6 (linoleic acid; LA), C18:3n-3 (linolenic acid; LNA) and the concentration of fatty acids after 24 h of in vitro incubation. Based on this study, the addition of TA in vitro reduced rumen methanogenesis without negative effect of rumen fermentation characteristics, but in vivo studies need to be performed to determine if concentrations that inhibit methane are below toxic levels.
Distribution of non-allelic histone H1 subtypes in five avian species
Authors: Kowalski Andrzej , Pałyga Jan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The arrays of histone H1 subtypes from five avian species (chicken, grey partridge, pheasant, quail and duck) were compared to evaluate their intra- and inter-species variability. The electrophoretic patterns of linker histone preparations revealed the presence of subtypes that occur in all species (H1.a, H1.b, H1.c, H1.c′, H1.d and H5) and those which are confined to some species only (H1.a′, H1.b′, H1.z). In the densitometric profiles of histone H1 bands resolved in one-dimension acetic acid-urea polyacrylamide gel, the quantitative differences were observed both within a species (the ratio of H1.b to H1.d = 8.13 in quail) and between species (the ratio of H1.d in grey partridge and quail = 8.37). The comparable levels of abundant histone H5 that constitute from 53.62% (quail) to 60.86% (duck) of whole linker histone complement were detected in all species. Likewise, the quantification of H1 protein spots separated in a two-dimension SDS-polyacrylamide gel indicated that their intensity ratios could vary up to about 17-fold within a species (the ratio of H1.d to H1.a′ in grey partridge) and up to 10-fold between species (the ratio of pheasant H1.d to quail H1.d). Differences (P<0.05) in the histone H1 subtype levels were found both within and between avian species. A low to moderate range for the coefficients of H1 spot variation (from 0.13 to 0.72) was obtained for several independent histone H1 preparations.