bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miRNA engineering of CHO cells facilitates production of difficult‐to‐express proteins and increases success in cell line development
Authors: Fischer Simon , Marquart Kim F. , Pieper Lisa A. , Fieder Juergen , Gamer Martin , Gorr Ingo , Schulz Patrick , Bradl Harald 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTIn recent years, coherent with growing biologics portfolios also the number of complex and thus difficult‐to‐express (DTE) therapeutic proteins has increased considerably. DTE proteins challenge bioprocess development and can include various therapeutic protein formats such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), multi‐specific affinity scaffolds (e.g., bispecific antibodies), cytokines, or fusion proteins. Hence, the availability of robust and versatile Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) host cell factories is fundamental for high‐yielding bioprocesses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potent cell engineering tools to improve process performance of CHO manufacturing cell lines. However, there has not been any report demonstrating the impact of beneficial miRNAs on industrial cell line development (CLD) yet. To address this question, we established novel CHO host cells constitutively expressing a pro‐productive miRNA: miR‐557. Novel host cells were tested in two independent CLD campaigns using two different mAb candidates including a normal as well as a DTE antibody. Presence of miR‐557 significantly enhanced each process step during CLD in a product independent manner. Stable expression of miR‐557 increased the probability to identify high‐producing cell clones. Furthermore, production cell lines derived from miR‐557 expressing host cells exhibited significantly increased final product yields in fed‐batch cultivation processes without compromising product quality. Strikingly, cells co‐expressing miR‐557 and a DTE antibody achieved a twofold increase in product titer compared to clones co‐expressing a negative control miRNA. Thus, host cell engineering using miRNAs represents a promising tool to overcome limitations in industrial CLD especially with regard to DTE proteins. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1495–1510. © 2017 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Awareness, apathy, and depression in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Jacus Jean‐Pierre 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionResults from studies on awareness disorders in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are controversial because the methodologies, the “objects” of awareness, and the patients' pathologic stage all vary. Our study aimed to compare scores and correlates of awareness according to the stage of the disease and the assessment method.MethodsWe compared 20 mild AD patients to 20 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, using the Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS; patient vs. caregiver report) and the Self‐Consciousness Scale (rating scale). All patients underwent cognitive, psycho‐affective and behavioral assessments (global cognition, executive functions, episodic memory, anxiety‐depression, and apathy measures).ResultsGroups were matched for age, education, and gender. They were comparable on the depression, anxiety, apathy and awareness scales (ps > .05), and differed for all cognitive variables (p < .05). Using the median split approach, greater apathy and lower depression were associated with poorer awareness on the Self‐Consciousness Scale (respectively: odds ratio [OR] = 4.8, p = .03; OR = 4.84, p = .04), and the PCRS (only apathy: OR = 9.3, p = .003). Greater apathy plus lower depression were associated with poorer awareness in both scales (PCRS: OR = 40.5, p = .005; Self‐consciousness scale: OR = 28, p = .012).ConclusionThese results evidence comparable awareness between AD and MCI patients. The correlates were more affective and behavioral than cognitive, independently from assessment method.
President's Page
Authors: Connaway Lynn Silipigni 
Published: March 2017

EDITOR'S SUMMARYASIS&T President, Lynn Connaway, traveled to Taiwan, Hong Kong and mainland China in December to visit the Asia Pacific and Taipei Chapters. At several universities she participated in chapter meetings and research forums with faculty and students and promoted ASIS&T membership in the region. ASIS&T plans interesting upcoming events including an ASIS&T Regional Meeting in Columbus, Ohio, Meet the Author webinars and the 2017 Annual Meeting, which will be held in Washington, D.C. October 27‐November 1, 2017. The search for an Executive to replace Dick Hill, who is retiring, is now being conducted by an executive search firm. Hill also became ill in mid‐January, and ASIS&T Director of Finance and Administration, Jan Hatzakos, is serving as Interim Executive Director until he can return or his replacement is hired.
Joint SIG/USE‐SIG/SI Research Symposium: Information Behavior in Workplaces
Authors: Byström Katriina 
Published: March 2017

EDITOR'S SUMMARYThe 16th Annual Research Symposium for Special Interest Group/Information Needs, Seeking and Use (SIG/USE) was held in Copenhagen, Denmark. The focus of the symposium was information behavior and information practices as applicable to workplaces. As technology grows and shifts on a constant basis, so too must workplaces adapt how information is used and accessed. Newer generations in the workforce are expected to be able to learn many new skills, change careers several times and balance work life from home life with boundaries that are less clear than they used to be. Two presentations given by the 2014 and 2015 winners of the Elfreda A. Chatman Research Proposal Award started off the symposium. The 2016 winners of this award were announced by the awards committee chair, Wade Bishop, and included Karen Fisher of the University of Kentucky and Devon Greyson of the University of British Columbia, Canada.
Incorporation of 3D ICT elements into class
Authors: Ayala Alvarez Francisco Javier , Blázquez Parra Elidia Beatriz , Montes‐Tubío Francisco de Paula 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe fact that there are relatively few job prospects has caused a decline in the vocational profile of students in engineering, while they demand more dynamic and attractive classes. Moreover, the difficulty of the concepts to be transmitted, together with the lack of good spatial visualization abilities of students, makes technical drawing a difficult subject to understand. The present study set out to investigate emerging trends in ICT to find a way to present and manipulate information in class that would serve as both a stimulating element and a tool for performing complex operations, thus improving the teaching methodology of the classes and enhancing students’ motivation. We present the results of an experimental study of the introduction of 3D augmented reality models for practical classes in technical drawing. Several measures are collected for the monitoring of the course by students, and for their motivation, according to the ARCS method. The results indicate a good response to the elements incorporated into first year classes of a university course in Graphic Expression in Engineering. In particular, the experimental group displayed a higher level of motivation, an increased attendance to practical classes, a higher rate of practical work delivered, and a lower percentage of dropouts. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 25:542–549, 2017; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21802
Three‐dimensional representation of microdontia of the maxillary third molar
Authors: Inoue Toshiko , Saito Makoto , Nishimura Fumio , Miyazaki Takashi 
Published: March 2017

Key Clinical MessageDentists and maxillofacial surgeons may occasionally encounter various dental anomalies in number, shape, size, eruption, etc. In particular, microdontia is relatively rare. Computed tomography during clinical dental examination is essential for early detection of these anomalies.
Tularemia presenting as suspected necrotic arachnidism
Authors: Sateia Heather F. , Melia Michael T. , Cofrancesco Joseph 
Published: March 2017

Key Clinical MessageThe true danger of the spider bite stems from misdiagnosis and resultant delay in proper treatment of entities that, unlike spider bites, are not self‐limited. Obtaining a complete exposure and travel history is central to the development of an accurate and appropriate differential diagnosis.
Pancreatic pseudocyst or mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of pancreas? A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Joshi Utsav , Poudel Prakash , Ghimire Ram Kumar , Basnet Babin 
Published: March 2017

Key Clinical MessagePancreatic cystic neoplasm is difficult to distinguish from pseudocyst as clinical and radiological evidences may not be sufficient to make an accurate diagnosis. This may result in misdiagnosis with inappropriate management. Hence, every effort should be made for their distinction to avoid internal drainage procedures for neoplasms instead of extirpation.
Solubility Study and Thermal Stability Analysis of Calcium Propionate
Authors: Li Tao , Lorenz Heike , Seidel-Morgenstern Andreas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSolubilities in water and ethanol‐water mixtures as well as the thermal behavior of the food additive calcium propionate were investigated to clarify deviations in published data. Material purified by recrystallization was used to exclude influence of impurities. Investigation of the dissociation process of calcium propionate in aqueous solution indicated that the particular shapes of the solubility curves cannot be attributed to changes in pH. The substance purchased turned out to be a mixture of the monohydrate and anhydrous calcium propionate. A new polymorph of the anhydrous calcium propionate was found and characterized. The results provide a better understanding of calcium propionate and support the development of improved crystallization processes.
Optimization of Green Multiple Emulsions Processing to Improve Their Physical Stability
Authors: García María Carmen , Muñoz José , Alfaro María Carmen , Franco José María 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe effect of processing protocol on physical stability and the microstructure of water‐in‐oil‐in‐water multiple emulsions containing a mixture of two amphiphilic copolymers with opposed hydrophilic‐lipophilic balance as emulsifiers and a green solvent, 2‐ethylhexyl lactate, as the dispersed phase, has been assessed. Emulsions were obtained in at least two steps: a homogenization step by using a rotor‐stator device, followed by one or two homogenization steps carried out in a high‐pressure device that used microfluidizer technology. To study the microstructure and physical stability of these emulsions, a combination of different techniques, such as transmitted‐light optical microscopy, globule size distribution, viscous flow tests, and multiple light scattering measurements, were performed.
Simple Apparatus for the Measurement of Total Pressure of Polymer‐Solvent Mixtures
Authors: Pavlíček Jan , Bogdanić Grozdana , Wichterle Ivan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA new apparatus for determining the total pressure in binary systems with one nonvolatile component, such as polymer‐solvent mixtures, was designed. In contrast to the ebulliometric method, it enables measurement of the pressure above solutions across wider concentration ranges. The apparatus was tested on mixtures of water and poly(ethylene glycol). The tested polymers had three nominal molar weights. The measurements were correlated with the UNIQUAC‐free volume model described earlier and compared with the published data. The applicability of known predictive models on the measurements was also tested and it was found that the entropic free‐volume model yielded the best prediction of vapor‐liquid equilibria for the studied systems.
Hierarchical Growth of Supramolecular Structures Driven by Pimerization of Tetrahedrally Arranged Bipyridinium Units
Authors: Marchini Marianna , Baroncini Massimo , Bergamini Giacomo , Ceroni Paola , D'Angelantonio Mila , Franchi Paola , Lucarini Marco , Negri Fabrizia , Szreder Tomasz , Venturi Margherita 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA shape‐persistent molecule, featuring four bipyridinium units, has been synthesized that upon reduction undergoes intermolecular pimerization because of the rigid architecture of the molecule. The pimerization process has been investigated by a variety of techniques, such as absorption measurements, EPR spectroscopy, as well as gamma and pulse radiolysis, and compared with the behavior of a model compound. Computational studies have also been performed to support the experimental data. The most interesting feature of the tetramer is that pimerization occurs only above a threshold concentration of monoreduced species, on the contrary to the model compound. Furthermore, there is an increase of the apparent pimerization constant by increasing the concentration of reduced bipyridinium units. These results have been interpreted by the fact that pimerization is favored in the tetrahedrally shaped molecule because of a cooperative mechanism. Each multiply reduced molecule can indeed undergo multiple intermolecular interactions that enhance the stabilization of the system, also leading to hierarchical supramolecular growth. The resulting supramolecular system formed by such intermolecular pimerization should exhibit a diamond‐like structure, as suggested by a simplified modeling approach. The intermolecular nature of the pimerization process occurring in the tetramer has been demonstrated by measuring the corresponding bimolecular rate constant by pulsed radiolysis experiments.
Probing the Backbone Topology of DNA: Synthesis and Properties of 7′,5′‐Bicyclo‐DNA
Authors: Evéquoz Damien , Leumann Christian J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe describe the synthesis and pairing properties of the novel DNA analogue 7′,5′‐bicyclo(bc)‐DNA. In this analogue, the point of attachment of the connecting phosphodiester group is switched from the 3′ to the 7′ position of the underlying bicyclic sugar unit and is thus in a topological position that is inaccessible in natural DNA. The corresponding phosphoramidite building blocks carrying all natural nucleobases were synthesized and incorporated into oligonucleotides. From Tm experiments of duplexes with complementary DNA and RNA we find that single modifications are generally well tolerated with some variability as to the nature of the nucleobase. Fully modified oligonucleotides show low affinity for RNA and DNA complements. However, they form antiparallel homo‐duplexes with similar thermal stability as DNA. CD spectra of the homo‐duplexes show distinct changes in the helix conformation compared to natural DNA. A conformational analysis at the ab initio level of the mononucleosides revealed two minimal energy structures which primarily deviate in the conformation of the cyclopentane ring. Molecular dynamics simulation of a 7′,5′‐bc‐DNA homo‐duplex revealed a right‐handed structure with a smaller helical rise and a significantly wider minor groove compared to DNA. Interestingly, this duplex is characterized by an atypical, alternating 6′‐endo/6′‐exo conformational pattern of consecutive nucleotides which seems to be responsible for the poor binding to natural nucleic acids.
Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Desymmetrization through Inverse‐Electron‐Demand aza‐Diels–Alder Reaction: Efficient Access to Tetrahydropyridazines Bearing a Unique α‐Chiral Silane Moiety
Authors: Wei Liang , Zhou Yu , Song Zhi‐Min , Tao Hai‐Yan , Lin Zhenyang , Wang Chun‐Jiang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAn unprecedented copper(I)‐catalyzed asymmetric desymmetrization of 5‐silylcyclopentadienes with in situ formed azoalkene was realized through an inverse‐electron‐demand aza‐Diels–Alder reaction (IEDDA) pathway, in which 5‐silylcyclopentadienes served as efficient enophiles. This new protocol provides a facile access to the biologically important heterocyclic tetrahydropyridazines containing a unique α‐chiral silane motif and three adjoining stereogenic centers in generally good yield (up to 92 %) with exclusive regioselectivity, high diastereoselectivity (>20:1 diastereomeric ratio), and excellent enantioselectivity (up to 98 % enantiomeric excess). DFT calculations and control experiments further confirmed the proposed reaction mechanism.
Cardiomyopathy in patients after posttransplant cyclophosphamide–based hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Lin Chien‐Jung , Vader Justin M. , Slade Michael , DiPersio John F. , Westervelt Peter , Romee Rizwan 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUNDThe use of posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PT‐Cy) has contributed significantly to the success of haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Furthermore, several studies have shown promising results in the human leukocyte antigen–matched setting. However, the use of high‐dose cyclophosphamide has been associated with the development of cardiomyopathy. There is a paucity of data concerning posttransplant cardiac complications in patients undergoing PT‐Cy–based HCT.METHODSA retrospective analysis of 176 patients undergoing HCT with PT‐Cy was performed. The overall survival, left ventricular ejection fractions, brain natriuretic peptide levels, and cardiac comorbidities were reviewed. The associations between comorbidities and the onset of heart failure were assessed with a Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTSPretransplant cardiomyopathy was found in 16 patients (9.1%) but had no effect on their posttransplant overall survival. Thirty‐five patients (21.9%) developed posttransplant cardiomyopathy, which correlated with increased mortality, but this was not statistically different from the frequency‐matched non–PT‐Cy cohort. The majority of these cardiomyopathies occurred in the setting of an infectious milieu. An age greater than 60 years and an HCT comorbidity index score equal to or greater than 4 were the only risk factors that correlated with posttransplant cardiomyopathy.CONCLUSIONSThe presence of pretransplant cardiomyopathy does not negatively affect overall survival for patients who undergo HCT with PT‐Cy. Furthermore, cardiomyopathy in PT‐Cy patients is not caused by PT‐Cy but is mostly concurrent with infectious complications and is associated with reduced overall survival. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors do not fully predict the occurrence of posttransplant cardiomyopathy. Future research is required to unravel predictive factors for cardiomyopathy after PT‐Cy–based HCT. Cancer 2017;123:1800–1809. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Research on the detection of fabric color difference based on T‐S fuzzy neural network
Authors: Li Peng‐Fei , Ning Yu‐Wei , Jing Jun‐Feng 
Published: March 2017

AbstractT‐S fuzzy neural network algorithm is used to establish the mapping relationship from the RGB space to the L*a*b* space, which avoids the complex process of color space conversion. Meanwhile, the block method is adopted to detect color difference of dyed fabric that is wide format and wide viewing angle. Color differences in different regions can be calculated with Color Measurement Committee color difference formula based on T‐S fuzzy neural network. Experimental results are in accordance with the spectrophotometer measurement, which proves that T‐S fuzzy neural network algorithm used in real‐time color detection process is effective and feasible. Workers can make corresponding adjustment on‐line according to the deviation to ensure the quality of fabric color and reduce the loss.
Chromatic adaptation to illumination investigated with adapting and adapted color
Authors: Phuangsuwan Chanprapha , Ikeda Mitsuo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe state of chromatic adaptation was investigated by using the two‐room technique. This technique involves a subject in a room who looks a white board in a separate test room through a window and judges the color of the window using the elementary color naming method. When the subject room is illuminated with a colored light and the test room with a white light, the window appears to be a very vivid color, for which the apparent hue depends on the color of the subject room. The color is referred to as the adapted color. The subject also evaluated the appearance of the illumination color of the subject room, which is called the adapting color. Two types of illuminating light in the subject room, fluorescent lamps with 7 colors and LED lamps with 19 colors, were employed. The adapting and the adapted colors were plotted on a polar diagram that was used in the opponent color theory, from which the hue angles were obtained. The hue angle difference between the two colors did not appear to be 180° except for one pair of adapting and the adapted colors, which implies that chromatic adaptation does not follow the opponent color concept. An improvement was achieved to explain the results by introducing complementary colors relation between the adapting and adapted color.
Liver Disease and Fibrosis Assessment in Substance Use–Related Disorders
Authors: Zeremski Marija , Martinez Anthony 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSubstance users have the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection but have rarely been treated, largely because of their mistrust of the health care system, misconceptions about the consequences of the infection, and concerns regarding interferon‐related side effects. With the development of highly efficacious, interferon‐free therapeutic regimens without significant side effects, the concept of colocating HCV and substance use treatment would appear to be highly feasible. This process has been further facilitated by widespread clinical adaptation of noninvasive assays for fibrosis assessment, which could be performed routinely in substance use treatment facilities. The most commonly used noninvasive fibrosis assessment methods are serum marker indexes and transient elastography, both of which are very accurate in detecting cirrhosis or the absence of fibrosis, but much less successful in identifying intermediate fibrosis stages. The effect of drugs of abuse on the liver is not completely understood or sufficiently studied. There are no indications that heroin and cocaine affect fibrosis progression, but some recreational drugs (eg, alcohol and cannabis) can induce hepatic injury. In addition, knowledge gaps exist on the effect of impaired liver function on metabolism or transport of agents used to treat substance disorders as well as their interactions with HCV antivirals.
Drug‐ and Drug Abuse–Associated Hyperbilirubinemia: Experience With Atazanavir
Authors: Roy‐Chowdhury Jayanta , Roy‐Chowdhury Namita , Listowsky Irving , Wolkoff Allan W. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHyperbilirubinemia is a common finding in individuals with a history of substance abuse. Although this may indicate a serious disorder of liver function, this is not always the case. An understanding of bilirubin formation, metabolism, and transport can provide a helpful approach to dealing with these patients. This is typified by studies of patients treated with the antiretroviral drug atazanavir. Atazanavir has been associated with hyperbilirubinemia in as many as one‐third of individuals for whom it has been prescribed, evoking concerns of hepatotoxicity. The studies in this report were designed to determine mechanisms by which this occurs. The data show that this drug inhibits the enzyme UDP‐glucuronosyl transferase‐1A1, responsible for conjugating bilirubin with glucuronic acid. This conjugation step is required for bilirubin excretion into bile, and when it is inhibited, bilirubin refluxes from the liver into the circulation, causing unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Other parameters of bilirubin formation, binding to albumin in the circulation, uptake into hepatocytes, and intracellular protein binding in hepatocytes were unaffected by atazanavir. The effect of atazanavir on serum bilirubin levels is reversible, consistent with lack of structural damage to the liver.