bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medication Adherence in Children and Adolescents with Acne Vulgaris in Medicaid: A Retrospective Study Analysis
Authors: Hester Chloe , Park Chanhyun , Chung Janice , Balkrishnan Rajesh , Feldman Steven , Chang Jongwha 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectivesThe objectives of the study were to evaluate and compare medication adherence associated with acne drugs in children and adolescents with acne vulgaris.MethodsData from MarketScan Medicaid enrollees with acne vulgaris were included if patients were ages 6 to 17 years on the index date, had at least one acne‐related medication claim, and were enrolled in Medicaid during January 2004 to December 2007. The adherence rate was measured using the medication possession ratio. The medication possession ratio was dichotomized to categorize patients as adherent (≥0.8) or nonadherent (<0.8). Multivariate logistic regressions were used for analyses of the medication possession ratio.ResultsOf 20,039 eligible patients, 2,860 patients were children and 17,179 patients were adolescent. Approximately 6.96% of children and 16.75% of adolescents had at least one acne‐related medication refill. The mean adherence rate to acne medication was significantly different between children (0.22) and adolescents (0.32). In addition, only 3.71% of children were adherent to acne medication while 13.38% of adolescents were adherent. After controlling for covariates, adolescents were 2.06 times more likely to get an acne‐related medication refilled and were 2.40 times more likely to be adherent to acne‐related medication. The analyses also showed that acne‐related medication adherence was associated with the patient's characteristics and acne medication type.ConclusionNeither patient population was considered adherent to acne‐related medications, nor was there a significant difference between the two patient populations. This study also revealed that medication type is a contributing factor towards adherence. Health care providers should strive to educate patients on the importance of medication adherence.
Fatal Outcome from Brain Vascular Lesions in a Neonate with Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome
Authors: Ocampo‐Garza Jorge , Salas‐Alanís Julio C. , Ponce‐Camacho Marco A. , Rosales‐Solis Gloria M. , Miranda Maldonado Ivett , Elizondo‐Riojas Guillermo , Villanueva‐Nava Diana , Barbosa‐Quintana Oralia , Gonzalez Colunga Karla , Ocampo‐Candiani Jorge 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe most common cause of death in blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is gastrointestinal bleeding. Here we present a case of central nervous system bleeding that resulted in death.
Effect of treatment with inhaled corticosteroid on serum periostin levels in asthma
Authors: Hoshino Makoto , Ohtawa Junichi , Akitsu Kenta 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackground and objectivePeriostin is a biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation and may contribute to airway remodeling in asthma. The anti‐inflammatory activity of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for asthma control is widely recognized. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ICS on serum periostin levels and its relationships to inflammation and airway geometry.MethodsForty‐two healthy controls and 20 patients with steroid‐naïve asthma before and after treatment with fluticasone propionate (800 μg/day for 16 weeks) were examined. Serum periostin, lung function and inflammatory cell counts in sputum were measured. Airway dimensions were determined by quantitative computed tomography (total area of the airway (Ao), wall area (WA), wall thickness (T) and percentage wall area (WA%) ).ResultsSerum periostin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with asthma than in controls. Periostin levels were correlated with airway wall thickness and sputum eosinophilia and inversely correlated with airflow limitation in asthma. ICS significantly decreased serum periostin (P < 0.01), decreased WA corrected for body surface area (WA/BSA, P < 0.05), T/√BSA (P < 0.01) and WA% (P < 0.01), reduced the percentage of sputum eosinophils (P < 0.01) and improved airflow limitation. The decrease in serum periostin levels was associated with an increased per cent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (r = −0.64, P < 0.01), decreased WA/BSA (r = 0.46, P < 0.05) and decreased sputum eosinophils (r = 0.71, P < 0.01).ConclusionSerum periostin levels respond partially to ICS and may reflect a reduction in airway inflammation and wall thickening in asthma.
Model Checking for Parametric Single-index Models: A Dimension Reduction Model-Adaptive Approach
Authors: Guo Xu , Wang Tao , Zhu Lixing 
Published: November 2015

Summary
Local smoothing testing based on multivariate non-parametric regression estimation is one of the main model checking methodologies in the literature. However, the relevant tests suffer from the typical curse of dimensionality, resulting in slow rates of convergence to their limits under the null hypothesis and less deviation from the null hypothesis under alternative hypotheses. This problem prevents tests from maintaining the level of significance well and makes tests less sensitive to alternative hypotheses. In the paper, a model adaptation concept in lack-of-fit testing is introduced and a dimension reduction model-adaptive test procedure is proposed for parametric single-index models. The test behaves like a local smoothing test, as if the model were univariate. It is consistent against any global alternative hypothesis and can detect local alternative hypotheses distinct from the null hypothesis at a fast rate that existing local smoothing tests can achieve only when the model is univariate. Simulations are conducted to examine the performance of our methodology. An analysis of real data is shown for illustration. The method can be readily extended to global smoothing methodology and other testing problems.
Infants’ Style of Emotion Regulation with Their Mothers and Fathers: Concordance between Parents and the Contribution of Father–Infant Interaction Quality
Authors: Martins Eva Costa , Soares Isabel , Martins Carla , Osório Ana 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe concordance between infants’ emotion regulation styles with different partners has not been consistently analysed nor have the relational correlates of such potential across‐partners similarities. We explored these issues by assessing 10‐month‐olds’ (59.6 percent boys) emotion regulation styles separately with mother and father and by evaluating mother–infant and father–infant interaction quality. The sample consisted of 50 low‐risk families. Two home visits were conducted and similar procedures were adopted for each visit. Parent–infant interaction quality was assessed during daily routines and during free play; both parents independently completed a temperament questionnaire. Infant emotion regulation was assessed in a semi‐structured problem‐solving task: adaptive vs. maladaptive (under and over‐regulation) styles. As predicted, infants’ emotion regulation with their mothers and fathers were related. However, only father–infant interaction quality predicted infants’ emotion regulation concordance: lower interaction quality was associated with maladaptive concordance compared with non‐concordance and higher interaction quality was associated with adaptive concordance compared with non‐concordance. Our results support the claim that by the end of the first year of life, infants use similar emotion regulation styles with mother and father and point to father–infant interaction as an important correlate of emotion regulation across‐parents.
Dynamics of soil chemical properties in shifting cultivation systems in the tropics: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Ribeiro Filho A. A. , Adams C. , Manfredini S. , Aguilar R. , Neves W. A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe forest cultivation system (slash‐and‐burn or shifting cultivation) has contributed to the transformation of social systems since the early Neolithic period. Despite being considered by conservationists and public policymakers as a system of low productivity that generates environmental degradation and contributes to the maintenance of rural poverty, the shifting cultivation system (SCS) is being declared a practice that is highly ecologically and economically efficient. Such dichotomy of opinions is the consequence of the disparate results of studies assessing the effects of SCS on soil properties of rainforests throughout the last three decades. To circumvent this apparent inconsistency, we used a systematic quantitative review method (meta‐analysis), with the objective of integrating and synthesizing the data published in the literature to assess the overall effects of SCS on soil chemical properties. Four variables traditionally assessed in primary studies were chosen for the meta‐analyses: pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), total carbon (Total C) and total nitrogen (Total N). Our results show that pH values increase under SCS conditions, while Total N and C content are significantly reduced under SCS. No significant impacts are observed on CEC. Our results on pH and CEC support the position from researchers who argue for the sustainability of SCS and highlight the importance of evaluating the soil system as a soil/vegetation complex. Also, our results indicate that soil chemical properties under SCS scenarios are better conserved and more readily recoverable, provided there is a rather longer fallow period than has been traditionally employed.
Cystic echinococcosis in South America: systematic review of species and genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in humans and natural domestic hosts
Authors: Cucher Marcela Alejandra , Macchiaroli Natalia , Baldi Germán , Camicia Federico , Prada Laura , Maldonado Lucas , Avila Héctor Gabriel , Fox Adolfo , Gutiérrez Ariana , Negro Perla , López Raúl , Jensen Oscar , Rosenzvit Mara , Kamenetzky Laura 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically review publications on Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato species/genotypes reported in domestic intermediate and definitive hosts in South America and in human cases worldwide, taking into account those articles where DNA sequencing was performed; and to analyse the density of each type of livestock that can act as intermediate host, and features of medical importance such as cyst organ location.MethodsLiterature search in numerous databases. We included only articles where samples were genotyped by sequencing since to date it is the most accurate method to unambiguously identify all E. granulosus s. l. genotypes. Also, we report new E. granulosus s. l. samples from Argentina and Uruguay analysed by sequencing of cox1 gene.ResultsIn South America, five countries have cystic echinococcosis cases for which sequencing data are available: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru and Uruguay, adding up 1534 cases. E. granulosus s. s. (G1) accounts for most of the global burden of human and livestock cases. Also, E. canadensis (G6) plays a significant role in human cystic echinococcosis. Likewise, worldwide analysis of human cases showed that 72.9% are caused by E. granulosus s. s. (G1) and 12.2% and 9.6% by E. canadensis G6 and G7, respectively.ConclusionsE. granulosus s. s. (G1) accounts for most of the global burden followed by E. canadensis (G6 and G7) in South America and worldwide. This information should be taken into account to suit local cystic echinococcosis control and prevention programmes according to each molecular epidemiological situation.
Cost‐optimization in the treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Nigeria
Authors: Musa Baba Maiyaki , John Denny , Habib Abdulrazaq G. , Kuznik Andreas 
Published: November 2015

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the cost of facility‐based MDR TB care (F) to home‐based care (H) from the perspective of the Nigerian national health system.MethodsWe assessed the expected costs of the two MDR TB treatment approaches using a decision‐analytic model with a follow‐up of 6 months. MDR TB treatment outcomes were obtained from a systematic review of randomised clinical trials. The outcomes of interest included treatment success, treatment failure, treatment default and mortality and did not vary significantly between the two alternatives. Treatment costs included the cost of the following: drug therapy (F, H), hospital stay (F), nurse care (F, H), physician care (F), nursing facility (F) and transport to the healthcare provider (H). Finally, we estimated the potential cost savings associated with home‐based treatment for all patients starting MDR TB treatment in Nigeria.ResultsThe average expected total treatment cost for a Nigerian patient treated for MDR TB was estimated at US2095 for facility – based care and 1535 for home‐based care, a potential saving of 25%. One of the major drivers of this difference is significantly more intensive, and therefore more costly, nursing care in hospitals. In 2013, a total of 426 patients were initiated on facility‐based MDR TB treatment in Nigeria. Thus, the potential savings through home‐based care are US$ 223 204 per year.ConclusionIn Nigeria, treatment of MDR TB using home‐based care is expected to result in similar patient outcomes at markedly reduced public health costs as facility‐based care.
Tensions Between Science and Intuition Across the Lifespan
Authors: Shtulman Andrew , Harrington Kelsey 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe scientific knowledge needed to engage with policy issues like climate change, vaccination, and stem cell research often conflicts with our intuitive theories of the world. How resilient are our intuitive theories in the face of contradictory scientific knowledge? Here, we present evidence that intuitive theories in 10 domains of knowledge—astronomy, evolution, fractions, genetics, germs, matter, mechanics, physiology, thermodynamics, and waves—persist more than four decades beyond the acquisition of a mutually exclusive scientific theory. Participants (104 younger adults, Mage = 19.6, and 48 older adults, Mage = 65.1) were asked to verify two types of scientific statements as quickly as possible: those that are consistent with intuition (e.g., “the moon revolves around the Earth”) and those that involve the same conceptual relations but are inconsistent with intuition (e.g., “the Earth revolves around the sun”). Older adults were as accurate as younger adults at verifying both types of statements, but the lag in response times between intuition‐consistent and intuition‐inconsistent statements was significantly larger for older adults than for younger adults. This lag persisted even among professional scientists. Overall, these results suggest that the scientific literacy needed to engage with topics of global importance may be constrained by patterns of reasoning that emerge in childhood but persist long thereafter.
Personality, Parasites, Political Attitudes, and Cooperation: A Model of How Infection Prevalence Influences Openness and Social Group Formation
Authors: Brown Gordon D. A. , Fincher Corey L. , Walasek Lukasz 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWhat is the origin of individual differences in ideology and personality? According to the parasite stress hypothesis, the structure of a society and the values of individuals within it are both influenced by the prevalence of infectious disease within the society's geographical region. High levels of infection threat are associated with more ethnocentric and collectivist social structures and greater adherence to social norms, as well as with socially conservative political ideology and less open but more conscientious personalities. Here we use an agent‐based model to explore a specific opportunities‐parasites trade‐off (OPTO) hypothesis, according to which utility‐maximizing agents place themselves at an optimal point on a trade‐off between (a) the gains that may be achieved through accessing the resources of geographically or socially distant out‐group members through openness to out‐group interaction, and (b) the losses arising due to consequently increased risks of exotic infection to which immunity has not been developed. We examine the evolution of cooperation and the formation of social groups within social networks, and we show that the groups that spontaneously form exhibit greater local rather than global cooperative networks when levels of infection are high. It is suggested that the OPTO model offers a first step toward understanding the specific mechanisms through which environmental conditions may influence cognition, ideology, personality, and social organization.
A pioneer protein is part of a large complex involved in trans‐splicing of a group II intron in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Lefebvre‐Legendre Linnka , Reifschneider Olga , Kollipara Laxmikanth , Sickmann Albert , Wolters Dirk , Kück Ulrich , Goldschmidt‐Clermont Michel 
Published: November 2015

SummarySplicing of organellar introns requires the activity of numerous nucleus‐encoded factors. In the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, maturation of psaA mRNA encoding photosystem I subunit A involves two steps of trans‐splicing. The exons, located on three separate transcripts, are flanked by sequences that fold to form the conserved structures of two group II introns. A fourth transcript contributes to assembly of the first intron, which is thus tripartite. The raa7 mutant (RNA maturation of psaA 7) is deficient in trans‐splicing of the second intron of psaA, and may be rescued by transforming the chloroplast genome with an intron‐less version of psaA. Using mapped‐based cloning, we identify the RAA7 locus, which encodes a pioneer protein with no previously known protein domain or motif. The Raa7 protein, which is not associated with membranes, localizes to the chloroplast. Raa7 is a component of a large complex and co‐sediments in sucrose gradients with the previously described splicing factors Raa1 and Raa2. Based on tandem affinity purification of Raa7 and mass spectrometry, Raa1 and Raa2 were identified as interacting partners of Raa7. Yeast two‐hybrid experiments indicate that the interaction of Raa7 with Raa1 and Raa2 may be direct. We conclude that Raa7 is a component of a multimeric complex that is required for trans‐splicing of the second intron of psaA. The characterization of this psaA trans‐splicing complex is also of interest from an evolutionary perspective because the nuclear spliceosomal introns are thought to derive from group II introns, with which they show mechanistic and structural similarity.
Complete Genome Sequence of a New Member of the
Marseilleviridae
Recovered from the Brackish Submarine Spring in the Cassis Port-Miou Calanque, France
Authors: Doutre Gabriel , Arfib Bruno , Rochette Pierre , Claverie Jean-Michel , Bonin Patricia , Abergel Chantal 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Marseilleviridae
is a rapidly expanding family of
Acanthamoeba
-infecting large DNA viruses distributed worldwide. We report here the complete 349-kbp genome sequence of Port-Miou virus, which is surprisingly close to that of Lausannevirus (isolated from the Seine River upstream from Paris, France), despite the strong dissimilarities of their sampling locations.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Dimorphic Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica Strain W29
Authors: Pomraning Kyle R. , Baker Scott E. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of the dimorphic ascomycete yeast
Yarrowia lipolytica
strain W29 (ATCC 20460).
Y. lipolytica
is a commonly employed model for the industrial production of lipases, small molecules, and more recently for its ability to accumulate lipids.
Genomic Sequence of Burkholderia multivorans NKI379, a Soil Bacterium That Inhibits the Growth of Burkholderia pseudomallei
Authors: Hsueh Pei-Tan , Liu Jong-Kang , Chen Ya-Lei , Liu Pei-Ju , Ni Wen-Fan , Chen Yao-Shen , Wu Keh-Ming , Lin Hsi-Hsun 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia multivorans
NKI379 is a soil bacterium that exhibits an antagonistic effect against the growth of
Burkholderia pseudomallei
, the causative agent of the infectious disease melioidosis. We report the draft genomic sequence of
B. multivorans
NKI379, which has a G+C content of 67% and 5,203 candidate protein-encoding genes.
Whole-Genome Sequence and Classification of 11 Endophytic Bacteria from Poison Ivy (
Toxicodendron radicans
)
Authors: Tran Phuong N. , Tan Nicholas E. H. , Lee Yin Peng , Gan Han Ming , Polter Steven J. , Dailey Lucas K. , Hudson André O. , Savka Michael A. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the whole-genome sequences and annotation of 11 endophytic bacteria from poison ivy (
Toxicodendron radicans
) vine tissue. Five bacteria belong to the genus
Pseudomonas
, and six single members from other genera were found present in interior vine tissue of poison ivy.
Complete Genome Sequence of Potential Probiotic
Lactobacillus
sp. HFC8, Isolated from Human Gut Using PacBio SMRT Sequencing
Authors: Kumari Madhu , Swarnkar Mohit Kumar , Kumar Sanjay , Singh Anil Kumar , Gupta Mahesh 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

We report a 3.07-Mb complete genome sequence of a lactic acid bacterium,
Lactobacillus
sp. HFC8. The gene-coding clusters are predicated for probiotic characteristics, like bacteriocin production, cell adhesion, bile salt hydrolysis, lactose metabolism, autoaggregation, and tolerance to oxidative stress.
Draft Genome Sequence of Herpetosiphon geysericola GC-42, a Nonphototrophic Member of the
Chloroflexi
Class
Chloroflexia
Authors: Ward Lewis M. , Hemp James , Pace Laura A. , Fischer Woodward W. 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Herpetosiphon geysericola
GC-42
,
a predatory nonphototrophic member of the class
Chloroflexia
in the phylum
Chloroflexi
. This genome provides insight into the evolution of phototrophy and aerobic respiration within the
Chloroflexi
.
Genome Sequences of Three Strains of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA7 Clade
Authors: Boukerb Amine M. , Marti Romain , Cournoyer Benoit 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Draft genome sequences of three
P. aeruginosa
strains from the PA7 clade are presented here. Their lengths are 6.36 (EML528), 6.44 (EML545), and 6.33 Mb (EML548). Comparisons with the PA7 genome showed 5,113 conserved coding sequences (CDSs), and significant numbers of strain-specific CDSs. Their analysis will improve our understanding of this highly divergent clade.
Resequencing of the Lactobacillus plantarum Strain WJL Genome
Authors: Martino Maria Elena , Bayjanov Jumamurat R. , Joncour Pauline , Hughes Sandrine , Gillet Benjamin , Kleerebezem Michiel , Siezen Roland , van Hijum Sacha A. F. T. , Leulier François 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus plantarum
strain WJL is a symbiont isolated from the
Drosophila melanogaster
gut. The genome of
L. plantarum
WJL, first sequenced in 2013, was resequenced and rescaffolded in this study. A combination of Sanger and Illumina sequencing allowed us to reduce the number of contigs from 102 to 13. This work contributes to a better understanding of the genome and function of this organism.
A Novel Chiropteran Circovirus Genome Recovered from a Brazilian Insectivorous Bat Species
Authors: Lima Francisco Esmaile Sales , Cibulski Samuel Paulo , Dall Bello Aline Gehlen , Mayer Fabiana Quoos , Witt André Alberto , Roehe Paulo Michel , d’Azevedo Pedro Alves 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

This report describes the identification and characterization of a novel circovirus using metagenomic approaches in respiratory fluid samples from Brazilian free-tailed bats (
Tadarida brasiliensis
). The genome and deduced protein sequences share low identity with another circovirus recovered in distantly related bats from China.