bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crisis management of food security scandals in China: Motivations and solutions towards purchase intention
Authors: Li Yufeng , Phau Ian , Lu Wei , Teah Min 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis research employs 2 studies to investigate the changes in consumers' purchase intention after food safety scandals. The first study investigates changes in consumer behavior directly after a food scandal. The second study takes a follow‐up investigation on consumer reactions to 6 hypothetical scenarios. The respondents were recruited from large universities and career training centers of Chinese corporations through a convenience sample. Six hundred forty‐nine valid responses were obtained. The data were analyzed using SPSS and structural equation modelling. Consumers' purchase intention declines rapidly in the short term after a food safety scandal. The decline in purchase intention mainly depends on consumer's individual attitude and subjective norm, which are largely affected by the perceived risk, negative emotion, trust in the enterprise, self‐esteem, present temporal orientation, and hedonic consumption with food. Furthermore, government regulation, corporate crisis management, and media coverage affect the consumers' purchase intention.
Chemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Phenolic‐Rich Fraction from Cauline Leaves of Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae) Growing in Sicily, Italy
Authors: Miceli Natalizia , Filocamo Angela , Ragusa Salvatore , Cacciola Francesco , Dugo Paola , Mondello Luigi , Celano Marilena , Maggisano Valentina , Taviano Maria Fernanda 
Published: June 2017

The present work focused on the evaluation of the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the phenolic‐rich fraction (ItJ‐EAF) obtained from cauline leaves collected in January from Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae) growing wild around Acireale (Sicily, Italy). The total phenolic, flavonoid, and condensed tannin contents of the fraction were determined spectrophotometrically, whereas the phenolic profile was assessed by HPLC‐PDA/ESI‐MS analysis. A total of 20 compounds were positively identified and twelve out of them were never previously reported in I. tinctoria leaves. The fraction exhibited good radical scavenging activity in DPPH test (IC50 = 0.6657 ± 0.0024 mg/ml) and reducing power (3.87 ± 0.71 ASE/ml), whereas, it neither showed chelating activity nor was able to counteract H2O2 induced oxidative stress damage in Escherichia coli. The antiproliferative effect was evaluated in vitro on two human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell lines (CAL‐62 and 8505C) by MTT assay. At the highest tested concentration ItJ‐EAF significantly reduced (80%) the growth of CAL‐62 cells. No cytotoxicity against Artemia salina was observed. It can be concluded that I. tinctoria cauline leaves represent a source of phenolic compounds which could be potentially used as chemopreventive or adjuvant agents against cancer.
Isomerizing Hydroformylation of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid
Authors: Pandey Swechchha , Shinde Dinesh R. , Chikkali Samir H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA small library of bisphosphorus ligands was evaluated in the rhodium‐catalyzed isomerizing hydroformylation (I‐HF) of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). The rhodium complex of 1,2‐bis((di‐tert‐butylphosphanyl)methyl)benzene (BDTBPMB; L4) outperformed the other bisphosphite and bisphosphine ligands and unveiled a moderate selectivity of 28 % and 50 % in the I‐HF of CNSL monoene and methoxy‐protected monoene, respectively. The resultant aldehyde 16‐(3‐methoxyphenyl)hexadecanal P1′ was isolated and its identity was fully established. Application of bis‐phosphine ligand L4 in the I‐HF of highly challenging CNSL cardanol (S3) and methoxy‐protected CNSL cardanol yielded a linear selectivity of 74 %, although with reduced conversion. To demonstrate the synthetic utility of our strategy, the obtained aldehyde (derived from S3) was subjected to hydrogenation and the resultant 3‐(16‐hydroxyhexadecyl) phenol (P8) was isolated in 89 % isolated yield. High‐pressure NMR investigation revealed selective formation of a bis‐equatorial BDTBPMB–rhodium complex, which might be responsible for the excellent linear selectivity.
Comparative Study of Diverse Copper Zeolites for the Conversion of Methane into Methanol
Authors: Park Min Bum , Ahn Sang Hyun , Mansouri Ali , Ranocchiari Marco , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe characterization and reactive properties of copper zeolites with twelve framework topologies (MOR, EON, MAZ, MEI, BPH, FAU, LTL, MFI, HEU, FER, SZR, and CHA) are compared in the stepwise partial oxidation of methane into methanol. Cu2+ ion‐exchanged zeolite omega, a MAZ‐type material, reveals the highest yield (86 μmol g(cat.)−1) among these materials after high‐temperature activation and liquid methanol extraction. The high yield is ascribed to the relatively high density of copper–oxo active species, which form in its three‐dimensional 8‐membered (MB) ring channels. In situ UV/Vis studies show that diverse copper species form in different zeolites after high‐temperature activation, suggesting that there are no universally active species. Nonetheless, there are some dominant factors required for achieving high methanol yields: 1) highly dispersed copper–oxo species; 2) large amount of exchanged copper in small‐pore zeolites; 3) moderately high temperature of activation; and 4) use of proton form zeolite precursors. Cu‐omega and Cu‐mordenite, with the proton form of mordenite as the precursor, yield methanol after activation in oxygen and reaction with methane at only 200 °C, that is, under isothermal conditions.
Different Shades of Li4Ti5O12 Composites: The Impact of the Binder on Interface Layer Formation
Authors: Nordh Tim , Jeschull Fabian , Younesi Reza , Koçak Tayfun , Tengstedt Carl , Edström Kristina , Brandell Daniel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractReplacing the traditional PVdF(‐HFP) electrode binder with water‐soluble alternatives can potentially render electrode fabrication more environmentally benign. Herein, the surface layer formation of stored and cycled samples of two water‐based Li4Ti5O12 composites employing either poly(sodium acrylate) (PAA−Na) or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC−Na) as binders are studied with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In all three formulations, the surface layer composition formed upon storage differed notably from the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formed on cycled samples. The surface layer under open‐circuit conditions seems to originate mostly from the electrolyte salt (LiPF6) degradation. The comparison with cycled samples after 10 and 100 cycles shows a continuous build‐up of an SEI layer on PAA−Na and PVdF‐HFP electrodes. In contrast, on CMC−Na containing electrodes the SEI composition remains nearly unchanged. The results correlate well with the electrochemical behavior.
Molecules Designed to Contain Two Weakly Coupled Spins with a Photoswitchable Spacer
Authors: Uber Jorge Salinas , Estrader Marta , Garcia Jordi , Lloyd‐Williams Paul , Sadurní Anna , Dengler Dominik , van Slageren Joris , Chilton Nicholas F. , Roubeau Olivier , Teat Simon J. , Ribas‐Ariño Jordi , Aromí Guillem 
Published: June 2017

AbstractControlling the charges and spins of molecules lies at the heart of spintronics. A photoswitchable molecule consisting of two independent spins separated by a photoswitchable moiety was designed in the form of new ligand H4L, which features a dithienylethene photochromic unit and two lateral coordinating moieties, and yields molecules with [MM⋅⋅⋅MM] topology. Compounds [M4L2(py)6] (M=Cu, 1; Co, 2; Ni, 3; Zn, 4) were prepared and studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD). Different metal centers can be selectively distributed among the two chemically distinct sites of the ligand, and this enables the preparation of many double‐spin systems. Heterometallic [MM′⋅⋅⋅M′M] analogues with formulas [Cu2Ni2L2(py)6] (5), [Co2Ni2L2(py)6] (6), [Co2Cu2L2(py)6] (7), [Cu2Zn2L2(py)6] (8), and [Ni2Zn2L2(py)6] (9) were prepared and analyzed by SCXRD. Their composition was established unambiguously. All complexes exhibit two weakly interacting [MM′] moieties, some of which embody two‐level quantum systems. Compounds 5 and 8 each exhibit a pair of weakly coupled S=
spins that show quantum coherence in pulsed Q‐band EPR spectroscopy, as required for quantum computing, with good phase memory times (TM=3.59 and 6.03 μs at 7 K). Reversible photoswitching of all the molecules was confirmed in solution. DFT calculations on 5 indicate that the interaction between the two spins of the molecule can be switched on and off on photocyclization.
Hydrogenation of aromatics compounds: Calculation of thermodynamic properties using molecular index connectivity
Authors: Santos Bruno M. , Zotin José L. , Ndiaye Papa M. , da Silva Mônica A. P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this work, calculation of relevant thermodynamics properties, for hydrogenation reaction of aromatics compounds, was performed using the approach of molecular topology. Among the several molecular topological indexes, the molecular connectivity indexes have been used widely for calculation methods like quantitative structure properties relationships (QSPR) and quantitative structure and activity relationships (QSAR). Standard enthalpy of formation (ΔH°f), standard Gibbs free energy of formation (ΔG°f), and heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp°) at 298.15 K for naphthalene, 1‐methylnaphthalene, 2‐methylnaphthalene, tetralin, and t‐decalin and equilibrium reaction constants were calculated and compared with experimental data reported in literature. Additionally, the results obtained for naphthalene, tetralin, and t‐decalin were compared to those obtained from Benson's method. Results show that the thermodynamics properties calculated from molecular connectivity index presented an error less than 2 % and are closer to experimental data than those from Benson's method, showing that molecular connectivity index is a promising tool for estimation of thermodynamic properties to be used in design of chemical process.
Preparation and in vitro evaluation of hydrophobic‐modified montmorillonite stabilized pickering emulsion for overdose acetaminophen removal
Authors: Zhang Wenjun , Li Min , Fan Xianlin , Sun Xiao , He Gaohong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPickering emulsion stabilized with hydrophobic‐modified montmorillonite (HMMT) was proposed for treating acute overdose acetaminophen intoxication, with a rapid removal rate, better stability, and good biocompatibility. The tiny HMMT was able to adsorb at the oil‐water interface of the Pickering emulsion to reduce the interfacial energy along with the formation of solid particle layer, in order to enhance the stability of the emulsion and improve the removal performance. With a fast removal rate, the detoxifying Pickering emulsion removed 0.5 g/L acetaminophen in the simulated gastric fluid to 0.13 g/L in 6 min, which is less than the intoxication content of 0.15 g/L, with a leakage ratio of lower than 4 % in simulated intestinal fluid over 4 h. Such a detoxifying emulsion was prepared at 55 °C with 2 % organoclay (HMMT) as the emulsifier, 6 % tributyl phosphate (TBP) as the extractant, and 0.1 mol/L NaOH as the inner phase in the volume ratio of 5:7. All the results denoted that the Pickering emulsion could be a promising candidate for the acute oral intoxication treatment.
Primary care visit use after positive fecal immunochemical test for colorectal cancer screening
Authors: Hillyer Grace Clarke , Jensen Christopher D. , Zhao Wei K. , Neugut Alfred I. , Lebwohl Benjamin , Tiro Jasmin A. , Kushi Lawrence H. , Corley Douglas A. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDFor some patients, positive cancer screening test results can be a stressful experience that can affect future screening compliance and increase the use of health care services unrelated to medically indicated follow‐up.METHODSAmong 483,216 individuals aged 50 to 75 years who completed a fecal immunochemical test to screen for colorectal cancer at a large integrated health care setting between 2007 and 2011, the authors evaluated whether a positive test was associated with a net change in outpatient primary care visit use within the year after screening. Multivariable regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between test result group and net changes in primary care visits after fecal immunochemical testing.RESULTSIn the year after the fecal immunochemical test, use increased by 0.60 clinic visits for patients with true‐positive results. The absolute change in visits was largest (3.00) among individuals with positive test results who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer, but significant small increases also were found for patients treated with polypectomy and who had no neoplasia (0.36) and those with a normal examination and no polypectomy performed (0.17). Groups of patients who demonstrated an increase in net visit use compared with the true‐negative group included patients with true‐positive results (odds ratio [OR], 1.60; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.54‐1.66), and positive groups with a colorectal cancer diagnosis (OR, 7.19; 95% CI, 6.12‐8.44), polypectomy/no neoplasia (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.27‐1.48), and normal examination/no polypectomy (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.18‐1.30).CONCLUSIONSGiven the large size of outreach programs, these small changes can cumulatively generate thousands of excess visits and have a substantial impact on total health care use. Therefore, these changes should be included in colorectal cancer screening cost models and their causes investigated further. Cancer 2017;123:3744–3753. © 2017 American Cancer Society
Hypomethylating agent therapy use and survival in older patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in the United States: A large population‐based study
Authors: Zeidan Amer M. , Hu Xin , Long Jessica B. , Wang Rong , Ma Xiaomei , Podoltsev Nikolai A. , Huntington Scott F. , Gore Steven D. , Davidoff Amy J. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDDespite the approval of azacitidine in 2004 and the approval of decitabine in 2006 in the United States for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), the overall survival (OS) benefit with hypomethylating agent (HMA) therapy is unclear.METHODSOlder adults (age ≥ 66 years) who had been diagnosed with CMML from 2001 to 2011 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare database, and propensity score matching was used to match patients who had been diagnosed after HMA approval (2007‐2011) and had received HMA treatment with patients diagnosed before HMA approval (2001‐2003). Cox proportional hazards models with the matched sample were used to assess the change in OS. A second matched cohort of patients who did not receive HMA after approval and patients diagnosed before HMA approval was used to evaluate survival change attributable to other potential differences between the 2 time periods, such as improved supportive care.RESULTSAmong 1378 older adults diagnosed with CMML, the median OS was 13 months, and 18.8% received HMAs. In the primary matched analysis, with 225 HMA users diagnosed in 2007‐2011 and 395 patients diagnosed in 2001‐2003, the median OS times were 17 and 11 months, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58‐0.91; P = .005). In a secondary analysis, the risk of death did not differ between 395 propensity score–matched HMA nonusers diagnosed in 2007‐2011 and 484 patients diagnosed in 2001‐2003 (hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.91‐1.32; P = .34).CONCLUSIONSDespite limited evidence, HMAs are commonly used to treat older CMML patients. The use of HMAs was associated with a 28% reduction in the risk of death in adjusted analyses. Improvements in supportive care do not appear to account for temporal improvements in OS. Cancer 2017;123:3754–3762. © 2017 American Cancer Society
The efficacy of Internet‐based cognitive behavioral therapy for severely fatigued survivors of breast cancer compared with care as usual: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abrahams Harriët J.G. , Gielissen Marieke F.M. , Donders Rogier R.T. , Goedendorp Martine M. , van der Wouw Agnes J. , Verhagen Constans A.H.H.V.M. , Knoop Hans 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDSevere fatigue is a common and distressing symptom affecting approximately one in four survivors of breast cancer. The current study examined the efficacy of Internet‐based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) for severe fatigue in survivors of breast cancer compared with care as usual (CAU).METHODSThe authors conducted a parallel‐group randomized controlled trial. Severely fatigued, disease‐free survivors of breast cancer who had completed cancer treatment at least 3 months previously were eligible. Participants were randomly allocated to ICBT or CAU using computer‐generated stratified block randomization. The primary outcome of fatigue severity was assessed at baseline and after 6 months, as were the secondary outcomes of functional impairment, psychological distress, and quality of life. Statistical effects were tested with analyses of covariance (intention‐to‐treat analysis).RESULTSParticipants were recruited between January 2014 and March 2016 and assigned to ICBT (66 patients) or CAU (66 patients). Compared with the participants who had received CAU, those who had received ICBT reported lower fatigue scores at 6 months (mean difference [Δ], 11.5; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 7.7‐15.3) and a large effect size (Cohen d = 1.0), with the majority of patients (73%) demonstrating clinically significant improvement. ICBT also was found to lead to lower functional impairment (Δ, 297.8; 95% CI, 145.5‐450.1) and psychological distress scores (Δ, 5.7; 95% CI, 3.4‐7.9) and higher quality‐of‐life scores (Δ, 11.7; 95% CI, 5.8‐17.7) compared with CAU, with medium to large effect sizes (Cohen d = 0.6‐0.8).CONCLUSIONSICBT appears to be effective in reducing severe fatigue and related symptoms and meets the current need for easy accessible and more efficient evidence‐based treatment options for severely fatigued survivors of breast cancer. Cancer 2017;123:3825‐34. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Sustainable Production of o‐Xylene from Biomass‐Derived Pinacol and Acrolein
Authors: Hu Yancheng , Li Ning , Li Guangyi , Wang Aiqin , Cong Yu , Wang Xiaodong , Zhang Tao 
Published: June 2017

Abstracto‐Xylene (OX) is a large‐volume commodity chemical that is conventionally produced from fossil fuels. In this study, an efficient and sustainable two‐step route is used to produce OX from biomass‐derived pinacol and acrolein. In the first step, the phosphotungstic acid (HPW)‐catalyzed pinacol dehydration in 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ([emim]Cl) selectively affords 2,3‐dimethylbutadiene. The high selectivity of this reaction can be ascribed to the H‐bonding interaction between Cl− and the hydroxy group of pinacol. The stabilization of the carbocation intermediate by the surrounding anion Cl− may be another reason for the high selectivity. Notably, the good reusability of the HPW/[emim]Cl system can reduce the waste output and production cost. In the second step, OX is selectively produced by a Diels–Alder reaction of 2,3‐dimethylbutadiene and acrolein, followed by a Pd/C‐catalyzed decarbonylation/aromatization cascade in a one‐pot fashion. The sustainable two‐step process efficiently produces renewable OX in 79 % overall yield. Analogously, biomass‐derived crotonaldehyde and pinacol can also serve as the feedstocks for the production of 1,2,4‐trimethylbenzene.
Ecosystem size predicts eco‐morphological variability in a postglacial diversification
Authors: Recknagel Hans , Hooker Oliver E. , Adams Colin E. , Elmer Kathryn R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIdentifying the processes by which new phenotypes and species emerge has been a long‐standing effort in evolutionary biology. Young adaptive radiations provide a model to study patterns of morphological and ecological diversification in environmental context. Here, we use the recent radiation (ca. 12k years old) of the freshwater fish Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) to identify abiotic and biotic environmental factors associated with adaptive morphological variation. Arctic charr are exceptionally diverse, and in postglacial lakes there is strong evidence of repeated parallel evolution of similar morphologies associated with foraging. We measured head depth (a trait reflecting general eco‐morphology and foraging ecology) of 1,091 individuals across 30 lake populations to test whether fish morphological variation was associated with lake bathymetry and/or ecological parameters. Across populations, we found a significant relationship between the variation in head depth of the charr and abiotic environmental characteristics: positively with ecosystem size (i.e., lake volume, surface area, depth) and negatively with the amount of littoral zone. In addition, extremely robust‐headed phenotypes tended to be associated with larger and deeper lakes. We identified no influence of co‐existing biotic community on Arctic charr trophic morphology. This study evidences the role of the extrinsic environment as a facilitator of rapid eco‐morphological diversification.
Individual quality and age but not environmental or social conditions modulate costs of reproduction in a capital breeder
Authors: Debeffe Lucie , Poissant Jocelyn , McLoughlin Philip D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCosts associated with reproduction are widely known to play a role in the evolution of reproductive tactics with consequences to population and eco‐evolutionary dynamics. Evaluating these costs as they pertain to species in the wild remains an important goal of evolutionary ecology. Individual heterogeneity, including differences in individual quality (i.e., among‐individual differences in traits associated with survival and reproduction) or state, and variation in environmental and social conditions can modulate the costs of reproduction; however, few studies have considered effects of these factors simultaneously. Taking advantage of a detailed, long‐term dataset for a population of feral horses (Sable Island, Nova Scotia, Canada), we address the question of how intrinsic (quality, age), environmental (winter severity, location), and social conditions (group size, composition, sex ratio, density) influence the costs of reproduction on subsequent reproduction. Individual quality was measured using a multivariate analysis on a combination of four static and dynamic traits expected to depict heterogeneity in individual performance. Female quality and age interacted with reproductive status of the previous year to determine current reproductive effort, while no effect of social or environmental covariates was found. High‐quality females showed higher probabilities of giving birth and weaning their foal regardless of their reproductive status the previous year, while those of lower quality showed lower probabilities of producing foals in successive years. Middle‐aged (prime) females had the highest probability of giving birth when they had not reproduced the year before, but no such relationship with age was found among females that had reproduced the previous year, indicating that prime‐aged females bear higher costs of reproduction. We show that individual quality and age were key factors modulating the costs of reproduction in a capital breeder but that environmental or social conditions were not, highlighting the importance of considering multiple factors when studying costs of reproduction.