bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA-based biosensors with polyvinyl alcohol external membrane as a tool for the evaluation of antioxidant activity of white wines
Authors: Svitková Veronika , Steffelová Lucia , Blaškovičová Jana , Labuda Ján 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Electrochemical DNA-based biosensors with external protective membranes were prepared for the evaluation of antioxidant properties of white wines against pro-oxidant hydroxyl radicals. A glassy carbon working electrode (GCE) was modified using a layer-by-layer deposition technique with low molecular weight double stranded DNA and an outer sphere polymer film membrane of Nafion, chitosan or polyvinylalcohol. The composition of a working procedure with membrane-covered DNA biosensors were optimized with respect to their voltammetric response in solution of the DNA redox indicator [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- after the incubation in white wines. Polyvinylalcohol (PVA) film was proved to be the suitable membrane. The PVA/DNA/GCE biosensor was used for the detection of a deep degradation of the surface-attached DNA at the incubation in the cleavage agent and for the evaluation of antioxidant properties of white wines at the incubation in mixtures of cleavage agent and wine. The investigation of the biosensors with protective membranes represents a significant contribution to utilization of the electrochemical DNA based biosensors for practical purposes.
Raman and infrared spectra, conformations and ab initio calculations of 3-methoxymethylene-2,4-pentanedione
Authors: Gatial Anton , Milata Viktor , Prónayová Nadežda , Herzog Klaus , Salzer Reiner 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The IR (4000-400 cm-1) and Raman (4000-50 cm-1) spectra of 3-methoxymethylene-2,4-pentanedione [H3C-O-CH=C(COCH3)2] as a liquid and solutes in various solvents of different polarity have been recorded at ambient temperature. Additional IR and Raman spectra were obtained for amorphous and crystalline solid state at low temperature. The vibrational spectra revealed that the compound exists at least in two dominant conformers of different polarity and that the conformer present in the solid phase is less polar. NMR spectra in various solvents at different temperatures were also obtained.
The compound can exist in several conformers due to the rotation around O-C= and both =C-C bonds with planar or nonplanar arrangements of heavy atoms. Ab initio MP2 and DFT calculations using a wide scale of basis sets were carried out. According to these calculations six conformational structures of the eight theoretically possible conformational structures with the methoxy group oriented as anti or syn and carbonyl groups oriented as Z or E towards the C=C double bond were obtained at potential energy surface. It has been shown that the conformers with the E orientations of both acetyl groups are not the stable ones. The calculated ab initio MP2 and DFT energies of all found conformers in vacuum suggest the most stable ZEa conformer where Z and E regard to the trans and cis acetyl groups, respectively and a denotes the orientation of the methoxy group. The EZa conformer was calculated as the second most stable one with the energy by at least 10 kJ mol-1 higher. Corrections of the relative energies of single conformers obtained in vacuum on the polar surroundings were done by including the solvent effect into the calculations using IEF Polarizable Continuum Model.
Assignments of the vibrational spectra for the studied compound were made with the aid of normal coordinate calculations employing scaled ab initio force field. The scaled ab initio frequencies as well as calculated energies indicate that ZEa is the conformer present in the solid phase.
Electromagnetic launch systems for civil aircraft assisted take-off
Authors: Bertola Luca , Cox Tom , Wheeler Patrick , Garvey Seamus , Morvan Herve 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This paper considers the feasibility of different technologies for an electromagnetic launcher to assist civil aircraft take-off. This method is investigated to reduce the power required from the engines during initial acceleration. Assisted launch has the potential of reducing the required runway length, reducing noise near airports and improving overall aircraft efficiency through reducing engine thrust requirements. The research compares two possible linear motor topologies which may be efficaciously used for this application. The comparison is made on results from both analytical and finite element analysis (FEA).
A comparison between cylindrical and cross-shaped magnetic vibration isolators: ideal and practical
Authors: Van Casteren D.T.E.H. , Paulides J.J.H. , Lomonova E.A. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In this paper a cross-shaped isolator consisting of cuboidal magnets and a cylindrical isolator are compared by resonance frequency to volume ratio and shape. Both isolators are capable of obtaining a low resonance frequency, i.e. 0.15 Hz and 0.01 Hz for the cross and cylinder, respectively. The volume of both isolators is comparable, only the shape is different, resulting in a tall structure with a small footprint for the cross and a flat with a large diameter cylindrical structure. A sensitivity analysis shows that due to the large amount of magnets, the cross-shaped isolator is less sensitive to manufacturing tolerances
Active suspension system with integrated electrical tubular linear motor: design, control strategy and validation
Authors: Thul Andreas , Eggers Daniel , Riemer Björn , Hameyer Kay 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This paper focuses on the design and control of an active suspension system, where a tubular linear motor is integrated into a spring damper system of a vehicle. The spring takes up the weight of the vehicle. Therefore the electric linear motor can be designed very compact as it has to provide forces to adjust the damping characteristic only. Design and construction of the active suspension system, a control strategy and validation measurements at a test bench are presented.
A small scale magnetically levitated train for project-based laboratory education
Authors: Glehn Gregor , Appunn Rüdiger , Hameyer Kay 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The drive train of a small scale magnetically levitated train reveals the principles of a mechatronic system and offers challenges related to design, construction and control. Therefore, it is used at the Institute of electrical Machines (IEM) of the RWTH Aachen University as a demonstrator for engineering solutions. Instead of being a part of a static predefined student laboratory, the small scale magnetically levitated train is part of dynamic individual student projects. This approach provides the advantage that the students are directly involved in the engineering process and gain motivation out of their personal ideas becoming reality.
Performance evaluation of fractional-slot tubular permanent magnet machines with low space harmonics
Authors: Wang Jiabin 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This paper evaluates the perforamnce of fractional-slot per pole winding configurations for tubular permanent magnet (PM) machines that can effectively eliminate the most undesirable space harmonics in a simple and cost-effective manner. The benefits of the proposed machine topology winding configurations are illustrated through comparison with 9-slot, 10-pole tubular PM machine developed for a free piston energy converter under the same specification and volumetric constraints. It has been shown that the proposed machine topology results in more than 7 times reduction in the eddy current loss in the mover magnets and supporting tube, and hence avoids potential problem of excessive mover temperature and risk of demagnetization.
On the Demographics and the Severity of the Social Security Crisis
Authors: Gahramanov Emin 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Changing demographics across the world threatens the sustainability of pension benefits. Yet there is widespread sentiment among some business and policy analysts that in the presence of population ageing, more elderly people would mean more old-age consumption and robust business opportunities across all spending dimensions. In this paper we look at a micro-level analysis of intertemporal consumption/saving behavior, and find that in the presence of notable heterogeneity with respect to the consumer impatience and rationality degree, different demographic challenges and likely policy responses would imply greatly varying and significant consumption changes at old age. We also touch upon the associated issues of welfare analysis and transitional effects and discuss various complexities and challenges for policy implications and economic projections.
Loss Aversion and Consumption Plans with Stochastic Reference Points
Authors: Park Hyeon 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper studies the making of risky choices following loss aversion with endogenous reference expectations under the two schemes of state-independent and state-dependent stochastic reference points. Using a tractable, intertemporal choice model, this paper derives analytic solutions to show that, when loss aversion is high, the reference-dependent decision maker saves a markedly larger amount than is predicted by the standard model. When the loss aversion is low (i.e. the individual is loss-tolerant), the overall result is ambiguous, although the decision maker may deviate into consuming more; if he faces a small level of uncertainty relative to the intensity of his loss aversion, he may even do this by borrowing. Given the same loss aversion level, this study determines that, in the presence of positive state-dependence, the state-independent model generates greater deviation than the state-dependent one. Finally, this paper derives a two-period general equilibrium result with two agents who have different attitudes toward loss.
Transmedia Project Design: Theoretical and Analytical Considerations
Authors: Rampazzo Gambarato Renira 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Theoretical and analytical considerations around the development of transmedia projects are evolving, but are still widely open, probably because transmedia storytelling is a relatively new subject that does not yet have its own specific methods and methodology of analysis. Moreover, transmedia projects are complex phenomena involving multiple dimensions, such as narrative, cultural context, marketing, business models, and legal framework. Currently, the usual approach gives place to methodologically separate analytical perspectives related to some of these dimensions. This article first discusses the elusive concept of transmedia storytelling and later presents analytical considerations outlining relevant aspects that can contribute to perceive the process of developing transmedia projects. The significance of these discussions is to address essential features of the design process behind transmedia projects and contribute to support the analytic needs of transmedia designers and the applied research in the interest of the media industry.
Take Care of Your Scar(f), Lilya! De-stigmatizing the Image of the Post-Soviet Other in Nordic Cinema
Authors: Pauly Tzvetomila 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The article discusses the cinematic representations of the post-Soviet individual in two internationally acclaimed Nordic films, namely, Aki Kaurismäki’s Take Care of Your Scarf, Tatiana (Pidä huivista kiinni, Tatjana, Finland/Germany, 1994) and Lukas Moodysson’s Lilya 4-Ever (Lilja 4-ever, Sweden/Denmark, 2002). The guiding premise is that the films represent cross-cultural inquiries on identity and otherness that reflect and challenge the (male) gaze of the West European North upon the (female) post-Soviet East soon after the collapse of the communist regimes in Eastern Europe.
TSH and fT4 during pregnancy: an observational study and a review of the literature
Authors: Joosen Annemiek M.C.P. , van der Linden Ivon J.M. , de Jong-Aarts Neletta , Hermus Marieke A.A. , Ermens Antonius A.M. , de Groot Monique J.M. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background: Trimester-specific reference intervals for TSH are recommended to assess thyroid function during pregnancy due to changes in thyroid physiology. Laboratories should verify reference intervals for their population and assay used. No consistent upper reference limit (URL) for TSH during pregnancy is reported in literature. We investigated the use of non-pregnant reference intervals for TSH, recommended during pregnancy by current Dutch guidelines, by deriving trimester-specific reference intervals in disease-free Dutch pregnant women as these are not available.

Methods: Apparently healthy low risk pregnant women were recruited via midwifery practices. Exclusion criteria included current or past history of thyroid or other endocrine disease, multiple pregnancy, use of medication known to influence thyroid function and current pregnancy as a result of hormonal stimulation. Women who were TPO-antibody positive, miscarried, developed hyperemesis gravidarum, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, HELLP, diabetes or other disease, delivered prematurely or had a small for gestational age neonate were excluded. Blood samples were collected at 9–13 weeks (n=99), 27–29 weeks (n=96) and 36–39 weeks (n=96) of gestation and at 4–13 weeks post-partum (n=95). Sixty women had complete data during pregnancy and post-partum. All analyses were performed on a Roche Cobas e601 analyser.

Results and conclusions: In contrast to current Dutch guidelines, the 97.5th percentiles of TSH in the first (3.39 mIU/L) and second trimesters (3.38 mIU/L) are well under the non-pregnant URL of 4.0 mIU/L. The higher TSH in the third trimester (97.5th percentile 3.85 mIU/L) is close to the current non-pregnant URL of 4.0 mIU/L. Absolute intra-individual TSH is relatively stable during pregnancy and post-partum as individuals tracked within the tertile assigned in trimester 1. Even small deviations within the population reference interval may indicate subtle thyroid dysfunction.
Use of isoelectric focusing to discriminate transient oligoclonal bands from monoclonal protein in treated myeloma
Authors: Henry Robyn , Glegg Debra 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA 62-year-old diabetic man with prostate cancer first presented to our clinical laboratory in 2003 with a normal serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation. In March 2009 he was diagnosed with an IgG κ myeloma. He underwent treatment and went into remission with the original paraprotein band being undetectable. Over the following 5 years, he developed oligoclonal bands and then eventually relapsed. Serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation were inconclusive, however, isoelectrofocusing identified the oligoclonal pattern then the return of the original band, indicating relapse. This case illustrates the usefulness of an isoelectric focusing method to correctly determine clonality of small abnormal protein bands. It also highlights the need for appropriate commenting on reported results so that they are not confusing for clinicians.
Quantitative determination of four immunosuppressants by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)
Authors: Bruns Kai , Mönnikes Rene , Lackner Karl J. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background: Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) utilizing triple-quadrupole instruments has been widely used for quantification of endogenous compounds, drugs or metabolites in clinical laboratories. In contrast, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) is typically used for compound identification due to its limited dynamic range. Recently HRMS instruments with enhanced linear dynamic range have become available. The aim of this study was to evaluate HRMS for fast quantitative applications in a clinical laboratory.

Methods: A high throughput UPLC-TOF-MS assay for simultaneous quantification of cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, sirolimus and everolimus was developed. All immunosuppressants were analyzed as sodium adducts in TOF-only mode using an Agilent 6540 Q-TOF system. Extracted ion chromatograms of analytes and internal standards were created from full-scan data. The assay was evaluated and compared to an established LC-MS/MS assay according to CLSI recommendations.

Results: The novel HRMS assay has a total run time of 3 min. The assay is linear in a clinical relevant concentration range for all four immunosupressants. Method correlations vs. established LC-MS/MS assay were between R2=0.99 and R2=0.97. Total coefficients of variation (CVT) ranges were 4.5%–6.4% (tacrolimus), 7.4%–8.0% (sirolimus), 8.0%–8.8% (everolimus) and 6.1%–7.4% (cyclosporine A) for three relevant concentration levels each.

Conclusions: High resolution TOF-MS and LC-MS/MS show equivalent quantitative performance for monitoring of cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, sirolimus and everolimus. HRMS has the potential to replace conventional LC-MS/MS in clinical laboratories because it simplifies assay development (no optimization of fragmentations and product ions necessary) and its full-scan data can provide additional information.
Is accuracy of serum free light chain measurement achievable?
Authors: Jacobs Joannes F.M. , Tate Jillian R. , Merlini Giampaolo 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe serum free light chain (FLC) assay has proven to be an important complementary test in the management of patients with monoclonal gammopathies. The serum FLC assay has value for patients with plasma cell disorders in the context of screening and diagnosis, prognostic stratification, and quantitative monitoring. Nonetheless, serum FLC measurements have analytical limitations which give rise to differences in FLC reporting depending on which FLC assay and analytical platform is used. As the FLC measurements are incorporated in the International Myeloma Working Group guidelines for the evaluation and management of plasma cell dyscrasias, this may directly affect clinical decisions. As new certified methods for serum FLC assays emerge, the need to harmonise patient FLC results becomes increasingly important. In this opinion paper we provide an overview of the current lack of accuracy and harmonisation in serum FLC measurements. The clinical consequence of non-harmonized FLC measurements is that an individual patient may or may not meet certain diagnostic, prognostic, or response criteria, depending on which FLC assay and platform is used. We further discuss whether standardisation of serum FLC measurements is feasible and provide an overview of the steps needed to be taken towards harmonisation of FLC measurements.
Hydrogel supported chiral imidazolidinone for organocatalytic enantioselective reduction of olefins in water
Authors: Sacchetti Alessandro , Rossi Filippo , Rossetti Arianna , Pesa Roberto , Mauri Emanuele 
Published: December 2015

AbstractChiral products play an important role particularly in the field of medicinal chemistry, where it is known that enantiomers often have very different biological properties and effects. One of the most powerful tool to obtain a product as a single enantiomer is asymmetric catalysis. Recently, organocatalysis, i.e. the use of small organic molecules to catalyze enantioselective transformations, has emerged as a prominent field in asymmetric synthesis. In this work, the use of hydrogels as a support for a chiral imidazolidinone organocatalyst (MacMillan catalyst) and its application in the reduction of activated olefins mediated by the Hantzsch ester is reported for the first time. Results showed a good activity of hydrogels in respect to both yield and enantioselection.
Enzyme-assisted extraction of citrus essential oil
Authors: Chávez-González Mónica L. , López-López Lluvia I. , Rodríguez-Herrera Raúl , Contreras-Esquivel Juan C. , Aguilar Cristóbal N. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCitrus peels are underutilized in the processing industry and are commonly considered as waste as their chemical composition varies. However, it is possible to recover some value-added products, one of them being essential oil, which is widely used in the food industry. Due to the current increase in global demand for citrus essential oils, it is necessary to implement processes directed to the maximum recovery of oil from waste peels. Numerous eﬀorts have been made without achieving signiﬁcant improvements in yields. In this work, enzymatic pretreatments of orange, lemon, and grapefruit peels were applied to achieve increased yields of essential oil extracted by hydro-distillation. In two of the sources it was possible to increase the essential oil yield from two to six times. Moreover, a signiﬁcant amount of fermentable sugars which can be used in the production of certain other compounds of interest through fermentation was obtained.
Experimental investigations of liquid flow in pipe with flat internal baffles
Authors: Talaga Jan , Wójtowicz Ryszard 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLiquid flow in a tubular reactor with flat internal baffles of various widths was investigated. On the basis of the laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) measurements, the main flow parameters, i.e. the mean and fluctuating velocity components and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) were determined. The investigations demonstrated that the insertion of baffles into a pipe and a change in their width caused a generation of liquid stream whirls, induced liquid recirculation loops and intensified the flow considerably. The results can be useful in describing turbulent flow in tubular reactors with baffles and in optimising their design.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta type II with the variant c.4237G>A (p.Asp1413Asn) in COL1A1 in a dichorionic, diamniotic twin pregnancy
Authors: Novak Linda , Steinberger Daniela , Wilhelm Anneke , Bahlmann Franz 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
We present the case of a 34-year-old woman with a prenatally diagnosed osteogenesis imperfecta type II of one fetus of a diamniotic-dichorionic twin pregnancy at 28 weeks and 2 days of gestation. The diagnosis was suspected after a routine ultrasound examination, specified by 3D-ultrasound and confirmed with moleculargenetic analyses of COL1A1 with DNA of fetal cells obtained after amniotic drainage. Since a premature rupture of membranes occurred a cesarean section was performed at 36 weeks of gestation. Both newborns received primary medical care by neonatologists. The affected child received further treatment initially stationary, later as an ambulant patient. Even though ultrasound is a powerful tool to identify clinical features of osteogenesis imperfecta, the condition can finally only be confirmed by collagen or DNA analyses. We discuss the possibilities and limits of prenatal diagnosis, treatment options as well as issues that are relevant for genetic counseling.
Emergence and Emergents in Entrepreneurship: Complexity Science Insights into New Venture Creation
Authors: Lichtenstein Benyamin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractEmergence is at the nexus of entrepreneurship and complexity science because the former studies how and why new organizations emerge, and complexity examines the emergence of new order in dynamic systems. As a means of summarizing work in emergence, this invited paper presents six insights that complexity science has brought to entrepreneurship: An emergence process generates an emergent outcome; emergence is driven by agency; emergence increases the capacity of a system; emergence occurs in cycles; emergence follows a distinct logic; and entrepreneurial emergents follow an 80/20 rule.