bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitors in juvenile Batten disease (CLN3)
Authors: Aldrich Amy , Bosch Megan E. , Fallet Rachel , Odvody Jessica , Burkovetskaya Maria , Rama Rao Kakulavarapu V. , Cooper Jonathan D. , Drack Arlene V. , Kielian Tammy 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveJuvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL), or juvenile Batten disease, is a pediatric lysosomal storage disease caused by autosomal recessive mutations in CLN3, typified by blindness, seizures, progressive cognitive and motor decline, and premature death. Currently, there is no treatment for JNCL that slows disease progression, which highlights the need to explore novel strategies to extend the survival and quality of life of afflicted children. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a second messenger with pleiotropic effects, including regulating neuroinflammation and neuronal survival. Here we investigated whether 3 phosphodiesterase‐4 (PDE4) inhibitors (rolipram, roflumilast, and PF‐06266047) could mitigate behavioral deficits and cell‐specific pathology in the Cln3Δex7/8 mouse model of JNCL.MethodsIn a randomized, blinded study, wild‐type (WT) and Cln3Δex7/8 mice received PDE4 inhibitors daily beginning at 1 or 3 months of age and continuing for 6 to 9 months, with motor deficits assessed by accelerating rotarod testing. The effect of PDE4 inhibitors on cAMP levels, astrocyte and microglial activation (glial fibrillary acidic protein and CD68, respectively), lysosomal pathology (lysosomal‐associated membrane protein 1), and astrocyte glutamate transporter expression (glutamate/aspartate transporter) were also examined in WT and Cln3Δex7/8 animals.ResultscAMP levels were significantly reduced in the Cln3Δex7/8 brain, and were restored by PF‐06266047. PDE4 inhibitors significantly improved motor function in Cln3Δex7/8 mice, attenuated glial activation and lysosomal pathology, and restored glutamate transporter expression to levels observed in WT animals, with no evidence of toxicity as revealed by blood chemistry analysis.InterpretationThese studies reveal neuroprotective effects for PDE4 inhibitors in Cln3Δex7/8 mice and support their therapeutic potential in JNCL patients. Ann Neurol 2016;80:909–923
Trajectory of Approach of a Zinc–Hydrogen Bond to Transition Metals
Authors: Ekkert Olga , White Andrew J. P. , Crimmin Mark R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThrough a dramatic advance in the coordination chemistry of the zinc–hydride bond, we describe the trajectory for the approach of this bond to transition metals. The dynamic reaction coordinate was interrogated through analysis of a series of solid state structures and is one in which the TM‐H‐Zn angle becomes increasingly acute as the TM–Zn distance decreases. Parallels may be drawn with the oxidative addition of boron–hydrogen and silicon–hydrogen bonds to transition metal centers.
Lithium Germanate (Li2GeO3): A High‐Performance Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Rahman Md Mokhlesur , Sultana Irin , Yang Tianyu , Chen Zhiqiang , Sharma Neeraj , Glushenkov Alexey M. , Chen Ying 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA simple, cost‐effective, and easily scalable molten salt method for the preparation of Li2GeO3 as a new type of high‐performance anode for lithium‐ion batteries is reported. The Li2GeO3 exhibits a unique porous architecture consisting of micrometer‐sized clusters (secondary particles) composed of numerous nanoparticles (primary particles) and can be used directly without further carbon coating which is a common exercise for most electrode materials. The new anode displays superior cycling stability with a retained charge capacity of 725 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 50 mA g−1. The electrode also offers excellent rate capability with a capacity recovery of 810 mAh g−1 (94 % retention) after 35 cycles of ascending steps of current in the range of 25–800 mA g−1 and finally back to 25 mA g−1. This work emphasizes the importance of exploring new electrode materials without carbon coating as carbon‐coated materials demonstrate several drawbacks in full devices. Therefore, this study provides a method and a new type of anode with high reversibility and long cycle stability.
Arenophile‐Mediated Dearomative Reduction
Authors: Okumura Mikiko , Nakamata Huynh Stephanie M. , Pospech Jola , Sarlah David 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA dearomative reduction of simple arenes has been developed which employs a visible‐light‐mediated cycloaddition of arenes with an N‐N‐arenophile and in situ diimide reduction. Subsequent cycloreversion or fragmentation of the arenophile moiety affords 1,3‐cyclohexadienes or 1,4‐diaminocyclohex‐2‐enes, compounds that are not synthetically accessible using existing dearomatization reactions. Importantly, this strategy also provides numerous opportunities for further derivatization as well as site‐selective functionalization of polynuclear arenes.
Stereoselective Carbonyl Olefination with Fluorosulfoximines: Facile Access to Z or E Terminal Monofluoroalkenes
Authors: Liu Qinghe , Shen Xiao , Ni Chuanfa , Hu Jinbo 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTerminal monofluoroalkenes are important structural motifs in the design of bioactive compounds, such as homeostasis regulators and mechanism‐based enzyme inhibitors. However, it is difficult to control the stereoselectivity of known carbonyl olefination reactions, and olefin metathesis is limited to disubstituted terminal monofluoroalkenes. Although sulfoximines have been used extensively in organic synthesis, reports on their use in carbonyl olefination reactions have not appeared to date. Herein, we report highly stereoselective carbonyl monofluoroolefination with a fluorosulfoximine reagent. The potential of this method is demonstrated by the synthesis of MDL 72161 and by the late‐stage monofluoromethylenation of complex molecules, such as haloperidol and steroid derivatives.
Double‐Helix Structure in Carrageenan–Metal Hydrogels: A General Approach to Porous Metal Sulfides/Carbon Aerogels with Excellent Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Li Daohao , Yang Dongjiang , Yang Xianfeng , Wang Yu , Guo Ziqi , Xia Yanzhi , Sun Shenglei , Guo Shaojun 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe metal sulfide‐carbon nanocomposite is a new class of anode material for sodium ion batteries, but its development is restricted by its relative poor rate ability and cyclic stability. Herein, we report the use of double‐helix structure of carrageenan–metal hydrogels for the synthesis of 3D metal sulfide (MxSy) nanostructure/carbon aerogels (CAs) for high‐performance sodium‐ion storage. The method is unique, and can be used to make multiple MxSy/CAs (such as FeS/CA, Co9S8/CA, Ni3S4/CA, CuS/CA, ZnS/CA, and CdS/CA) with ultra‐small nanoparticles and hierarchical porous structure by pyrolyzing the carrageenan–metal hydrogels. The as‐prepared FeS/CA exhibits a high reversible capacity and excellent cycling stability (280 mA h−1 at 0.5 A g−1 over 200 cycles) and rate performance (222 mA h−1 at 5 A g−1) when used as the anode material for sodium‐ion batteries. The work shows the value of biomass‐derived metal sulfide–carbon heterostuctures in sodium‐ion storage.
Psychometric properties of a Norwegian adaption of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale‐11 in a sample of Parkinson patients, headache patients, and controls
Authors: Lindstrøm Jonas C. , Wyller Nora G. , Halvorsen Marianne M. , Hartberg Silje , Lundqvist Christofer 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the psychometric properties of a Norwegian translation of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS‐11) for use in populations of headache, Parkinson's disease (PD), and healthy controls.Materials and MethodsThe BIS‐11 was forward and backward translated by native speakers of both Norwegian and English to give Norwegian BIS‐11 (Nor‐BIS‐11). A convenience sample (110 subjects) of healthy controls (47), PD patients (43), and chronic headache patients (20) (the latter two recruited from a Neurology outpatient clinic), were asked to complete the scale (a subset twice for test–retest). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were done for a single‐factor model, the original three‐factor model and a two‐factor model. Test–retest results were analyzed using the Bland–Altman approach.ResultsThe Nor‐BIS‐11 scale showed good utility and acceptability as well as good test–retest reliability in this sample. Cronbach's α was .68, test–retest bias was −0.73, Cohen's δ = −.134, and limits of agreement were −11.48 to 10.01. The factor structure was found to fit better with a two‐factor model than with the original model with three factors. The model fit indices indicated a moderate fit.ConclusionsThe Nor‐BIS‐11 scale is acceptable and reliable to use in Parkinson's disease patients, chronic headache patients, and healthy controls. The results should be interpreted in a two‐factor model but with caution due to low construct validity. External validity needs to be further tested.
Formation Mechanism and Reversible Expansion and Shrinkage of Magnesium‐Based Homochiral Metal–Organic Nanotubes
Authors: Liu Min , Feng Jian‐Shen , Bao Song‐Song , Zheng Li‐Min 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTwo pairs of homochiral magnesium phosphonates, namely (R)‐, (S)‐[Mg(pemp)(H2O)2] (1) and (R)‐, (S)‐Mg10(pemp)10(H2O)10]⋅3 H2O (2) are reported (pemp2−=(R)‐ or (S)‐(1‐phenylethylamino) methylphosphonate). Compounds 1 show one‐dimensional tubular structures. The tube wall is purely inorganic, containing six‐membered rings made up of corner‐sharing {MgO5N} octahedra and {PO3C} tetrahedra. The organic groups reside outside the tube. A bottom‐up “direct growing” mechanism is proposed for the formation of the nanotubular structures of 1, based on the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry studies. Compounds 2 display two‐dimensional layered structures containing cross‐linked squashed nanotubes. Interestingly, the two structures can interconvert reversibly upon temperature and pH modulation. This is the first report of a metal–organic nanotube that can shrink and recover in a reversible manner.
Highly Conformationally Restricted Cyclopropane Tethers with Three‐Dimensional Structural Diversity Drastically Enhance the Cell Permeability of Cyclic Peptides
Authors: Matsui Kouhei , Kido Yasuto , Watari Ryosuke , Kashima Yousuke , Yoshida Yutaka , Shuto Satoshi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe conformation of cyclic peptides is closely related to their physicochemical and biological properties, but their rational design to obtain a conformation with the desired properties is difficult. Herein, we present a new strategy by using conformationally restricted cyclopropane tethers (CPTs) to control the conformation and improve the cell permeability of cyclic peptides regardless of the amino acid sequence. Newly designed cis‐ or trans‐CPTs with three‐dimensional structural diversity were introduced into a model cyclic peptide, and the relationship between the conformation of the cyclic peptides and their cell permeability was analyzed. Peptides containing a CPT exhibited conformational diversity due to the characteristic steric feature of cyclopropane, among which peptides containing a CPT, cis‐NfCf had remarkably higher cell permeability than peptides containing other CPTs—even superior to that of cyclosporine A, a known permeable cyclic peptide.
Enhanced Peroxidase‐Like Properties of Graphene–Hemin‐Composite Decorated with Au Nanoflowers as Electrochemical Aptamer Biosensor for the Detection of K562 Leukemia Cancer Cells
Authors: Liu Jing , Cui Meirong , Niu Li , Zhou Hong , Zhang Shusheng 
Published: November 2016

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Hong Zhou and Shushen Zhang at the University of Linyi. The image depicts a graphene–hemin‐composite with Au nanoflowers as peroxidase mimic with enhanced catalytic activity for electrochemical aptamer biosensing. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201604354.
Hemodynamic‐guided heart‐failure management using a wireless implantable sensor: Infrastructure, methods, and results in a community heart failure disease‐management program
Authors: Jermyn Rita , Alam Amit , Kvasic Jessica , Saeed Omar , Jorde Ulrich 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundThe real‐world impact of remote pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) monitoring on New York Heart Association (NYHA) class improvement and heart failure (HF) hospitalization rate is presented here from a single center.HypothesisMethodsSeventy‐seven previously hospitalized outpatients with NYHA class III HF were offered PAP monitoring via device implantation in a multidisciplinary HF‐management program. Prospective effectiveness analyses compared outcomes in 34 hemodynamically monitored patients to a group of similar patients (n = 32) who did not undergo device implantation but received usual care. NYHA class and 6‐minute walk testing were assessed at baseline and 90 days. All hospitalizations were collected after 6 months of the implantation date (average follow‐up, 15 months) and compared with the number of hospitalizations experienced prior to hemodynamic monitoring.ResultsPatients in both groups had similar distributions of age, sex, and ejection fraction. After 90 days, 61.8% of the monitored patients had NYHA class improvement of ≥1, compared with 12.5% in the controls (P < 0.001). Distance walked in 6 minutes increased by 54.5 meters in the monitored group (253.0 ± 25.6 meters to 307.4 ± 26.3 meters; P < 0.005), whereas no change was seen in the usual‐care group. After implantation, 19.4% of the monitored group had ≥1 HF hospitalization, compared with 100% who had been hospitalized in the year prior to implantation. The monitored group had a significantly lower HF hospitalization rate (0.16; 95% confidence interval: 0.06‐0.35 hospitalizations/patient‐year) compared with the year prior (1.0 hospitalizations/patient‐year; P < 0.001).ConclusionsHemodynamic‐guided HF management leads to significant improvements in NYHA class and HF hospitalization rate in a real‐world setting compared with usual care delivered in a comprehensive disease‐management program.
Conformational Flexibility of Limonene Oxide Studied By Microwave Spectroscopy
Authors: Loru Donatella , Quesada‐Moreno María Mar , Avilés‐Moreno Juan Ramón , Jarman Natasha , Huet Thérèse R. , López‐González Juan Jesús , Sanz M. Eugenia 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMonoterpenoids are biogenic volatile organic compounds that play a major role in atmospheric chemistry by participating in the formation of aerosols. In this work, the monoterpenoid (R)‐(+)‐limonene oxide (C10H16O) was characterized in the gas phase by Fourier‐transform microwave spectroscopy in a supersonic jet. Five conformers of limonene oxide, four equatorial and one axial considering the configuration of the isopropenyl group, were unambiguously identified from analysis of the rotational spectrum. The observed conformers include cis and trans forms, which are stabilized by a subtle balance of hydrogen bonds, dispersive interactions, and steric effects. Estimated conformational relative abundances surprisingly reveal that the abundance of the axial conformer is similar to that of some of the equatorial conformers. In addition, the potential energy surface was extensively explored by using density functional theory and ab initio methods.
From Childhood Trauma to Self‐Harm: An Investigation of Theoretical Pathways among Female Prisoners
Authors: Howard Ruth , Karatzias Thanos , Power Kevin , Mahoney Adam 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundDespite empirical evidence suggesting complex associations between childhood trauma and self‐harm, there is a dearth of research investigating this association in the female prison population. The current study explored pathways to self‐harm following childhood trauma, by investigating the mediating roles of Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms, emotion regulation and dissociation, in this relationship, within a sample of 89 female prisoners.MethodsCross‐sectional, interview‐format, questionnaire study within a female prison population. Measures of childhood trauma, self‐harm, PTSD, emotion regulation and dissociation were administered.ResultsThe majority of the sample (58.4%) reported history of self‐harm. Bootstrapped mediation analyses indicated an indirect effect of emotion regulation on the relationship between childhood trauma and self‐harm. An indirect effect was also found for PTSD arousal/reactivity cluster of symptoms. Multiple mediation analyses revealed that interactional effects were present for emotion regulation and arousal/reactivity, and emotion regulation and dissociation, respectively.ConclusionSelf‐harm is highly prevalent among female prisoners. Interventions promoting emotion regulation and addressing arousal/reactivity symptoms following traumatization may provide an effective way of addressing this problem. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Messages

Self‐harm is highly prevalent amongst female prisoners, occurring in 58.4% of this sample.
Emotion regulation and the arousal/reactivity symptom cluster of PTSD were found to mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and self‐harm, both independently and simultaneously. Emotion regulation and dissociation were found to interactionally mediate this relationship.
Strategies targeting emotion dysregulation and hyperarousal symptoms, amongst female prisoners who have experienced childhood trauma, may be helpful in reducing self‐harming behaviours.
CD44 as a Potential Screening Marker for Preliminary Differentiation Between Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemia Type II and Hereditary Spherocytosis
Authors: Singleton B. K. , Ahmed M. , Green C. A. , Heimpel H. , Woźniak M. J. , Ranjha L. , Seeney F. , Bomford A. , Mehta P. , Guest A. , Mushens R. , King M.‐J. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundBone marrow examination has been the confirmatory test for congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II (CDAII). Occasional spherocytes on peripheral blood smear can confound the diagnosis. Since a screening test is still unavailable, we explored the feasibility of using flow cytometry as a preliminary screening method.MethodsThirteen monoclonal antibodies with specificities for eight erythrocyte membrane proteins were used in FACS analysis to probe the cellular features of red cells from CDAII, normal adults, hereditary spherocytosis (HS), and cord red cells. Confocal microscopy was performed on normal and CDAII to determine the overall distribution of CD44 and CD47. Their expression levels on cultured erythroblasts were also analyzed.ResultsThe densely stained band 3 as seen in CDAII in gel electrophoresis was also obtained for Dantu phenotype. Likewise analysis of CDAII cases (n = 26) using the eosin‐5′maleimide (EMA) binding test found 57% of patients giving results either positive or in the grey area for HS. Enhanced fluorescence of CD44 was detected in 96% of the CDAII patients, and anti‐CD47 binding was also elevated to a lesser degree. Although RNA expressions of CD44 and CD47 in the cultured erythroblasts of normal controls and CDAII were similar, confocal microscopy revealed more CDAII red cells giving elevated fluorescence than normal red cells.ConclusionsA distinction between CDAII and HS can be made using the EMA Binding test and anti‐CD44 binding. Confirmation of CDAII can subsequently be made based on clinical presentation together with either bone marrow examination or DNA sequencing of SEC23B. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society
A model of the extent and distribution of woody linear features in rural Great Britain
Authors: Scholefield Paul , Morton Dan , Rowland Clare , Henrys Peter , Howard David , Norton Lisa 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHedges and lines of trees (woody linear features) are important boundaries that connect and enclose habitats, buffer the effects of land management, and enhance biodiversity in increasingly impoverished landscapes. Despite their acknowledged importance in the wider countryside, they are usually not considered in models of landscape function due to their linear nature and the difficulties of acquiring relevant data about their character, extent, and location. We present a model which uses national datasets to describe the distribution of woody linear features along boundaries in Great Britain. The method can be applied for other boundary types and in other locations around the world across a range of spatial scales where different types of linear feature can be separated using characteristics such as height or width. Satellite‐derived Land Cover Map 2007 (LCM2007) provided the spatial framework for locating linear features and was used to screen out areas unsuitable for their occurrence, that is, offshore, urban, and forest areas. Similarly, Ordnance Survey Land‐Form PANORAMA®, a digital terrain model, was used to screen out where they do not occur. The presence of woody linear features on boundaries was modelled using attributes from a canopy height dataset obtained by subtracting a digital terrain map (DTM) from a digital surface model (DSM). The performance of the model was evaluated against existing woody linear feature data in Countryside Survey across a range of scales. The results indicate that, despite some underestimation, this simple approach may provide valuable information on the extents and locations of woody linear features in the countryside at both local and national scales.
A High‐Efficiency Single‐Phase Utility Interactive Inverter with an Active Power Decoupling Function and its Control Method
Authors: TOYAMA KEISUKE , SHIMIZU TOSHIHISA 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYThe present paper introduces a single‐phase utility interactive inverter with a power decoupling function. In a conventional single‐phase inverter, power pulsation at twice the grid frequency appears in the input power. Hence, electrolytic capacitors having large capacitances have been connected to the DC input terminal to stabilize the input DC‐bus voltage. Because the lifetime of the electrolytic capacitor is relatively shorter than that of another component, the lifetime of the inverter is affected by the capacitor. In order to prevent such a problem, a novel single‐phase inverter circuit with an active power decoupling function is introduced. The pulsating power on the input DC‐bus line and the pulsated energy on the input DC capacitor is transferred to the energy in a small film capacitor. Hence, the extension of the inverter lifetime can be expected by substituting a small film capacitor for the large electrolytic capacitors. In addition, the loss in the power decoupling circuit is very small; hence, the reduction in the overall conversion efficiency of the inverter can be minimized. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using a 300 W experimental setup.
A Low‐Speed, High‐Torque Motor Drive Using a Modular Multilevel Cascade Converter Based on Triple‐Star Bridge Cells (MMCC‐TSBC)
Authors: KAWAMURA WATARU , HAGIWARA MAKOTO , AKAGI HIROFUMI 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYThis paper provides an experiment‐based discussion on a modular multilevel cascade converter based on triple‐star bridge cells (MMCC‐TSBC) for a low‐speed high‐torque motor drive. The TSBC is a direct ac‐to‐ac power converter capable of achieving bidirectional power flow as well as drawing and feeding three‐phase sinusoidal input (supply‐side) and output (motor‐side) currents with any power factor at both sides. This paper discusses active dc‐capacitor‐voltage control applied to the low‐speed, high‐torque motor drive. A specially designed downscaled system combining a 320‐V, 38‐Hz, 6‐pole, 15‐kW induction motor with a 400‐V, 15‐kW TSBC is constructed and tested to confirm the validity of the motor drive. Experimental waveforms obtained from the downscaled system confirm stable operation with the rated load torque across a range from a standstill to the rated speed, including satisfactory start‐up performance.