bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dentinal tubules occluded by bioactive glass‐containing toothpaste exhibit high resistance toward acidic soft drink challenge
Authors: Bakri MM , Hossain MZ , Razak FA , Saqina ZH , Misroni AA , Ab‐Murat N , Kitagawa J , Saub RB 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundDentine hypersensitivity is a common problem attributed by patent dentinal tubules. Ingredients incorporated in toothpastes aim to occlude patent dentinal tubules to minimize the dentine hypersensitivity. However, frequent consumption of acidic soft drinks may reverse the dentinal tubules' occlusion. In this in vitro study, the efficacy of dentinal tubules occluded by commercially available toothpastes to withstand different durations of an acidic soft drink challenge was investigated.MethodsOne hundred and twenty dentine discs were divided into three groups. The discs from each group were brushed with toothpaste containing bioactive glass, arginine and control toothpaste. Each group was then divided into four subgroups and exposed to acidic soft drink over four different time durations.ResultsThe scoring and the percentage of occluded dentinal tubules by Novamin‐containing toothpaste was significantly better compared with arginine or the control toothpaste. Acidic soft drink challenge reduced the extent of dentinal tubules occlusion along with time. Dentinal tubules occluded by Novamin‐containing toothpaste withstand the acidic challenge comparatively for a longer period.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrated that occlusion of dentinal tubules is more efficient by the bioactive glass‐containing toothpaste and thus may contribute to its better resistance to acidic soft drink challenge.
Functional brain networks involved in gaze and emotional processing
Authors: Ziaei Maryam , Ebner Natalie C. , Burianová Hana 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEye‐gaze direction plays a fundamental role in the perception of facial features and particularly the processing of emotional facial expressions. Yet, the neural underpinnings of the integration of eye gaze and emotional facial cues are not well understood. The primary aim of this study was to delineate the functional networks that subserve the recognition of emotional expressions as a function of eye gaze. Participants were asked to identify happy, angry, or neutral faces, displayed with direct or averted gaze, while their neural responses were measured with fMRI. The results showed that recognition of happy expressions, irrespective of eye‐gaze direction, engaged the critical nodes of the default mode network. Recognition of angry faces, on the other hand, was gaze‐dependent, engaging the critical nodes of the salience network when presented with direct gaze, but fronto‐parietal areas when presented with averted gaze. Functional connectivity analysis further showed gaze‐dependent engagement of a large‐scale network connected to bilateral amygdala during the recognition of angry expressions. This study provides important insights into the functional connectivity between the amygdala and other critical social‐cognitive brain nodes, which are essential in processing of ambiguous, potentially threatening social signals. These findings have implications for psychiatric disorders, such as post‐traumatic stress disorder, which are characterized by aberrant limbic connectivity.
The Metaphysics of Degrees
Authors: van Woudenberg René , Peels Rik 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDegree‐sentences, i.e. sentences that seem to refer to things that allow of degrees, are widely used both inside and outside of philosophy, even though the metaphysics of degrees is much of an untrodden field. This paper aims to fill this lacuna by addressing the following four questions: [A] Is there some one thing, such that it is degree sensitive? [B] Are there things x, y, and z that stand in a certain relation to each other, viz. the relation that x has more y than z? [C] In those cases in which degree sentences do not refer to phenomena that are degree sensitive, what is responsible for their prima facie seeming to do so? [D] If there are degree sensitive things, to which ontological categories do they belong? We answer each of these questions by arguing that there are, metaphysically speaking, different phenomena that degree sentences refer to: some refer to determinates that emanate from a certain determinable, others to tokens that are instantiations of a certain type, and yet others to what we call ‘complex, resultant properties that are constituted by stereotypical properties’. Finally, we show the relevance of our answers by applying them to the notions of freedom and belief.
Poor versus rich children with epilepsy have the same clinical course and remission rates but a less favorable social outcome: A population‐based study with 25 years of follow‐up
Authors: Camfield Carol , Camfield Peter , Smith Bruce 
Published: November 2016

SummaryObjectiveTo explore the influence of several estimates of family socioeconomic status on the long‐term clinical course and social outcomes of children with epilepsy.MethodsThe Nova Scotia childhood epilepsy cohort is population based and includes all children in this Canadian province who developed epilepsy between 1977 and 1985. Eligible patients had ≥10 years of follow‐up. Children with childhood absence epilepsy were excluded. Total family income at seizure onset was assessed at seizure onset and classified as “poor” (first quintile), “adequate” (second to third quintiles), and “well‐off” (fourth to fifth quintiles). We also assessed parental education and home ownership. Social outcome was assessed in those with normal intelligence who were ≥18 years of age at the end of follow‐up using a semistructured interview that explored eight adverse effects.ResultsOf 584 patients, 421 (72%) were included. Average follow‐up was 26 ± 5.6 years. Overall 137 families (33%) had “poor” income, 159 (38%) had “adequate income,” and 125 (30%) were “well‐off.” Terminal remission of epilepsy occurred in 65% of the poor, 61% of the adequate, and 61% of the well‐off (p = ns). Intractable epilepsy, status epilepticus, number of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) used, and the number of generalized tonic–clonic or focal with secondary generalization seizures through the clinical course was the same in all groups. Home ownership did not predict remission. Neither paternal nor maternal education was associated with remission. Poor children had significantly more adverse social outcomes including failure to graduate from high school, unemployment, personal poverty, inadvertent pregnancy, and psychiatric diagnoses.SignificanceIn Nova Scotia with universal health care, coming from a poor or more affluent family does not seem to affect the clinical course or long‐term seizure outcome of childhood epilepsy. Unfortunately children from poor families are less likely to have a good social outcome.
Why Explicit Knowledge Cannot Become Implicit Knowledge
Authors: VanPatten Bill 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this essay, I review one of the conclusions in Lindseth (2016) published in Foreign Language Annals. That conclusion suggests that explicit learning and practice (what she called form‐focused instruction) somehow help the development of implicit knowledge (or might even become implicit knowledge). I argue for a different interpretation of the results based on the nature of language as mental representation and the nature of acquisition. I argue that explicit knowledge cannot become implicit knowledge or help its development as characterized by Lindseth. Instead, the results can be interpreted as learners simply getting faster with explicit knowledge.
New economic geographies of manufacturing in China
Authors: Zhu Shengjun , Lan Tu 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSince the early 2000s, the “race to the bottom” that typified the “China price” and the model of export‐oriented industrialization has been challenged by various factors, triggering another round of industrial restructuring and producing new economic geographies of production and employment in China. This paper provides a review of existing research on the new economic geographies of China's manufacturing industries. In doing so, we seek to show how critical engagements with China may help us “theorize back” at the dominant discourses and theories in economic geography (e.g., global value chain, global production network, new regionalism, spatial fix, and labor agency theories). Specifically, this paper focuses on two strands of literature that have engaged critically with China and sought to remake the economic geography through new insights from China—one on China's new geographical and industrial dynamics and the other on the issue of labor agency and labor regime in China. We argue that the sheer pace and rapidity of regional dynamics in China provide a fertile ground for new conceptual development, methodological innovation, and empirical insights.
Impact of a sodium carbonate spray combined with professional oral hygiene procedures in patients with Sjögren's syndrome: an explorative study
Authors: Gambino Alessio , Broccoletti Roberto , Cafaro Adriana , Cabras Marco , Carcieri Paola , Arduino Paolo G. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to make an initial estimation on the effects of a sodium bicarbonate and xylitol spray (Cariex®), associated with non‐surgical periodontal therapy, in participants with primary Sjögren's syndrome.BackgroundSjögren's syndrome (SS) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that predominantly involves salivary and lachrymal glands, with the clinical effect of dry eyes and mouth.Materials and methodsA prospective cohort of 22 women and two men has been evaluated. They were randomized into three groups (eight patients each): Group A) those treated once with non‐surgical periodontal therapy, education and motivation to oral hygiene, associated with the use of Cariex®; Group B) treated only with Cariex®; Group C) treated only with non‐surgical periodontal therapy, education and motivation to oral hygiene. Clinical variables described after treatment were unstimulated whole salivary flow, stimulated whole salivary flow, salivary pH, reported pain (using Visual Analogue Scale) and the Periodontal Screening and Recording index.ResultsSalivary flow rate improved in all groups, but the difference was statistically significant only in those treated with Cariex®, alone or in combination with periodontal therapy. Gingival status improved in participants who underwent periodontal non‐surgical therapy while remained unchanged in those only treated with Cariex®. Reported pain decreased in all groups, showing the best result in participants treated with periodontal therapy together with Cariex®.ConclusionsWe propose a practical approach for improving gingival conditions and alleviating oral symptoms in patients with SS. Future randomized and controlled trials are however required to confirm these results as well as larger population, and also assessing other parameters due to oral dryness, possible oral infections and more comprehensive periodontal indices.
Assumption, Union and Sanctification: Some Clarifying Distinctions
Authors: King Rolfe 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this article I engage with the notion that Christ ought to be understood to have a fallen human nature because Christ sanctifies human nature, and it is fallen humanity that needs sanctifying. In opposition to this line of thought, I argue that the Son of God assumed an unfallen nature, but with the powers of fallenness operative within it, and that this notion is consistent with a distinct account of sanctification. In support of these claims, I develop distinctions between a conjoining union and a transferring union, and between the Chalcedonian union at the incarnation and the extension of that union on the cross. At the assumption a conjoining union occurred, not a transferring union. Christ sanctified his own nature, prior to a transferring union.
Renal Protection Using Remote Ischemic Peri‐Conditioning During Inter‐Facility Helicopter Transport of Patients With ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Olafiranye Oladipupo , Ladejobi Adetola , Wayne Max , Martin‐Gill Christian , Althouse Andrew D. , Sharbaugh Michael S. , Guyette Francis X. , Reis Steven E. , Kellum John A. , Toma Catalin 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of remote ischemic peri‐conditioning (RIPC) during inter‐facility air medical transport of ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients on the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).BackgroundSTEMI patients who receive pPCI have an increased risk of AKI for which there is no well‐defined prophylactic therapy in the setting of emergent pPCI.MethodsUsing the ACTION Registry‐GWTG, we evaluated the impact of RIPC applied during inter‐facility helicopter transport of STEMI patients from non‐PCI capable hospitals to 2 PCI‐hospitals in the United States between March, 2013 and September, 2015 on the incidence of AKI following pPCI. AKI was defined as ≥0.3 mg/dL increase in creatinine within 48–72 hours after pPCI.ResultsPatients who received RIPC (n = 127), compared to those who did not (n = 92), were less likely to have AKI (11 of 127 patients [8.7%] vs. 17 of 92 patients [18.5%]; adjusted odds ratio = 0.32, 95% CI 0.12–0.85, P = 0.023) and all‐cause in‐hospital mortality (2 of 127 patients [1.6%] vs. 7 of 92 patients [7.6%]; adjusted odds ratio = 0.14, 95% CI 0.02–0.86, P = 0.034) after adjusting for socio‐demographic and clinical characteristics. There was no difference in hospital length of stay (3 days [interquartile range, 2–4] vs. 3 days [interquartile range, 2–5], P = 0.357) between the 2 groups.ConclusionRIPC applied during inter‐facility helicopter transport of STEMI patients for pPCI is associated with lower incidence of AKI and in‐hospital mortality. The use of RIPC for renal protection in STEMI patients warrants further in depth investigation.
On Hope and Hard Choices
Authors: Lebacqz Karen 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIn Handle with Care (2009), novelist Jodi Picoult presents a heartbreaking case involving the question of wrongful birth. This essay examines Ronald M. Green's writings in the field of bioethics to see what wisdom they might bring to this case. I argue that Green's contributions to bioethics exemplify some of the best of ethical argumentation: attention to facts, discernment of morally relevant differences, enunciation and justification of principles, originality, and compassion. I then draw from his work three foci that illuminate aspects of the dilemma presented by Picoult: the importance of parental love, the possibility that the dilemma might be reframed away from wrongful birth, and the need to shift our focus to questions of justice. While appreciating Green's contributions to bioethics, I also indicate several places of nuanced disagreement.
Successful Treatment of Vitiligo on the Scalp of a 9‐Year‐Old Girl Using Autologous Cultured Pure Melanocyte Transplantation
Authors: Wu Xin‐gang , Xu Ai‐e 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLeukotrichia frequently accompanies vitiligo on hairy areas such as the scalp. Treatment with conventional medical therapy is usually unsuccessful because of deficiencies in the melanocyte reservoir. We describe transplantation of autologous cultured pure melanocytes for scalp vitiligo with leukotrichia in a 9‐year‐old girl, resulting in almost complete and stable repigmentation of skin and hair.
The STN8 kinase‐PBCP phosphatase system is responsible for high‐light‐induced reversible phosphorylation of the PSII inner antenna subunit CP29 in rice
Authors: Betterle Nico , Poudyal Roshan Sharma , Rosa Anthony , Wu Guangxi , Bassi Roberto , Lee Choon‐Hwan 
Published: November 2016

SummaryReversible phosphorylation of thylakoid light‐harvesting proteins is a mechanism to compensate for unbalanced excitation of photosystem I (PSI) versus photosystem II (PSII) under limiting light. In monocots, an additional phosphorylation event on the PSII antenna CP29 occurs upon exposure to excess light, enhancing resistance to light stress. Different from the case of the major LHCII antenna complex, the STN7 kinase and its related PPH1 phosphatase were proven not to be involved in CP29 phosphorylation, indicating that a different set of enzymes act in the high‐light (HL) response. Here, we analyze a rice stn8 mutant in which both PSII core proteins and CP29 phosphorylation are suppressed in HL, implying that STN8 is the kinase catalyzing this reaction. In order to identify the phosphatase involved, we produced a recombinant enzyme encoded by the rice ortholog of AtPBCP, antagonist of AtSTN8, which catalyzes the dephosphorylation of PSII core proteins. The recombinant protein was active in dephosphorylating P‐CP29. Based on these data, we propose that the activities of the OsSTN8 kinase and the antagonistic OsPBCP phosphatase, in addition to being involved in the repair of photo‐damaged PSII, are also responsible for the HL‐dependent reversible phosphorylation of the inner antenna CP29.
Comparison of hematology, plasma biochemistry, and blood gas variables between 2 venipuncture sites in Southern Stingrays (Dasyatis americana)
Authors: Phillips Brianne E. , Christiansen Emily F. , Stoskopf Michael K. , Broadhurst Heather , George Robert , Harms Craig A. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundThe Southern Stingray (Dasyatis americana) is a batoid elasmobranch frequently exhibited in zoological institutions. Blood is commonly collected from the caudal hemal arch at the tail base in stingrays for the purpose of health assessment and clinical pathology tests. An alternative site that allows a dorsal or ventral approach without necessitating puncture of a cartilaginous structure has been identified between the cartilaginous pectoral fin rays (ceratotrichia).ObjectivesThe purpose of the study was to compareCBC, plasma biochemistry analytes, and blood gas variables between blood samples collected from the caudal and pectoral fin vasculature sites of the Southern Stingray.MethodsFifteen captive Southern Stingrays (10 females, 5 males) from 4 zoo and aquarium facilities were sampled. Lithium heparinized blood samples were collected from the caudal and pectoral venipuncture sites of each animal. Values from estimated total and differential leukocyte counts, plasma biochemistry analytes, and blood gas variables were compared.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences between venipuncture sites for the measured analytes except forCKactivity, which was statistically significantly higher in the pectoral site samples. Levels of agreement between sites were good or moderate for 22 analytes and poor forALT,AST,CK,pO2, lactate, monocytes, and eosinophils.ConclusionsThe good agreement between sampling sites for the majority of the measured analytes and the lack of differences that would alter clinical interpretation support the use of the pectoral site as an alternative to the traditional caudal fin venipuncture site in Southern Stingrays.
Draft Genome Sequences of Five Clinical Strains of Brucella melitensis Isolated from Patients Residing in Kuwait
Authors: Khan Mohd Wasif , Habibi Nazima , Shaheed Faraz , Mustafa Abu Salim 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Human brucellosis is a neglected and underrecognized infection of widespread geographic distribution. Brucellosis is present on all inhabited continents and endemic in many areas of the world, including Kuwait and the Middle East. Here, we present draft genome assemblies of five
Brucella melitensis
strains isolated from brucellosis patients in Kuwait.
Complete Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Strain LRB
Authors: Biswas Saswati , Biswas Indranil 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus rhamnosus
is a Gram-positive facultative heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium. It is often isolated from the gastrointestinal tract, mouth, vagina, and fermented dairy products. We have isolated the
L. rhamnosus
strain LRB from a healthy baby tooth that had naturally fallen out. Here, we report the annotated whole-genome sequence of LRB.
Draft Genome Sequence of Halomonas elongata Strain K4, an Endophytic Growth-Promoting Bacterium Enhancing Salinity Tolerance
In Planta
Authors: Lafi Feras F. , Ramirez-Prado Juan S. , Alam Intikhab , Bajic Vladimir B. , Hirt Heribert , Saad Maged M. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Halomonas elongata
strain K4 is an endophytic bacterial strain that was isolated from roots of
Cyperus conglomeratus
collected at the Red Sea coast in Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. Here, we present a draft genome sequence of this strain, highlighting a number of pathways involved in plant growth promotion under salt stress.
Complete Genome Sequence of Klebsiella oxytoca Strain JKo3
Authors: Iwase Tadayuki , Ogura Yoshitoshi , Hayashi Tetsuya , Mizunoe Yoshimitsu 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Klebsiella oxytoca
can be either pathogenic or beneficial, depending on conditions. These opposing characteristics have not been fully elucidated. Here, we report the complete sequence of the
K. oxytoca
JKo3 genome, consisting of a single circular chromosome of 5,943,791 bp and four plasmids.
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus crispatus C25 Isolated from Chicken Cecum
Authors: Rezvani Morvarid , Mendoza Mary , Koci Matthew D. , Daron Caitlyn , Levy Josh , Hassan Hosni M. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Lactic acid bacteria are important members of the gut microbiota of humans and animals. Here, we present the genome sequence of
Lactobacillus crispatus
strain C25, originally isolated from the cecum of 4-week-old chicken fed a standard diet. This isolate represents a potential probiotic strain for poultry.
Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing of the First Observation of Neisseria meningitidis Sequence Type 6928 in India
Authors: Veeraraghavan Balaji , Neeravi Ayyan Raj , Devanga Ragupathi Naveen Kumar , Inbanathan Francis Yesurajan , Pragasam Agila Kumari , Verghese Valsan Philip 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Neisseria meningitidis
is one of the leading global causes of bacterial meningitis. Here, we discuss the draft genome sequences of two
N. meningitidis
strains, isolated from bloodstream infections in two pediatric patients at a tertiary care hospital in South India. The sequence data indicate that strains VB13856 and VB15548 encode genomes of ~2.09 Mb in size with no plasmids.
Metagenome-Assembled Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas stutzeri Strain CO183 Isolated from a Coalbed Methane Well
Authors: Ross Daniel E. , Gulliver Djuna 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

A near-complete
Pseudomonas stutzeri
draft genome was extracted from a coalbed metagenome. The draft genome described herein provides insight into the functional pathways encoded by this bacterium and its potential role in coalbed methane environments.