bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interrogative in contemporary Czech scientific texts
Authors: Schacherl Martin 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The aim of this research on questions and interrogative sentences in theoretical scientific texts has been, alongside with an analysis of their function, to confirm their explicit (non)occurrence. In order to achieve the intended aim, the research was based on a textual corpus representing present-day Czech academic monological discourse, involving a strict selection of various genres and scientific contents. The corpus includes team and authorial monographs, which are thematically divided into five fields: technical sciences (1); sciences of inanimate nature (2); medical and biological sciences (3); humanities and social sciences (4); agricultural and biological-environmental sciences (5). Despite their low frequency, interrogative sentences regularly occur in theoretical discourse, mostly as ‘false’ questions, both yes/no and wh-question types. In humanities and social sciences thus in contemporary scientific discourse, questions and interrogative sentences are used to dynamise the emotional neutrality and rigidity of technical exposition, enhancing the textual interactivity, or activating the recipient. Therefore, the occurrence of explicitly formulated questions is rather sporadic and, as a stylistic or rhetorical tool, they are more frequently used employed in popular scientific style.
Wastewater parameters after the process of phosphorus compounds removal by the metal dissolution method in comparison with precipitation and electrocoagulation methods
Authors: Wysocka Izabela 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Precipitation methods are commonly used for removing phosphorus compounds from wastewater. Chemical precipitation method, based on adding iron, aluminium or calcium salts to the treated wastewater, is often used. Another possible way of precipitating phosphates is metal dissolution method, which is presented in this paper. The main difference between these two methods is how the phosphate precipitating ions are introduced to the wastewater.
This paper discusses advantages and disadvantages of the metal dissolution method in comparison with traditional precipitation methods. Differences in the secondary contamination of treated wastewater by iron ions, conductivity, total alkalinity and pH correction process; the use of recyclable wastes; and energy consumption are discussed.
Circadian Rhythm of Core Body Temperature (Part II): Hyperbaric Environment Influence on Circadian Rhythm of Core Body Temperature
Authors: Słomko Joanna , Kozakiewicz Mariusz , Klawe Jacek J. , Tafil-Klawe Małgorzata , Siermontowsk Piotr , Zalewski Paweł 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse dynamic fluctuations in the circadian rhythm of the core body temperature in healthy adults exposed to conditions in a hyperbaric chamber, using fully objective-telemetric measurement methods. The study group consisted of 13 healthy males (age 32±6.4 years, height 1.85±0.1 m, body weight 84.00±6.3 kg; BMI 24.7±1.2 kg/m2). The core body temperature (CBT) was measured with the Vital Sense telemetry system. The volunteers were placed in a hyperbaric chamber, exposed to compression of 400 kPa, with the exposure plateau of approx. 30 minutes, followed by gradual decompression. The mean core temperature was 36.71°C when registered within 10 minutes before the exposure, 37.20°C during the exposure, 37.27°C one hour after the exposure, 37.36°C 2 hours after the exposure, and 37.42°C three hours after the exposure. The conducted observations show that one-hour stay in a hyperbaric chamber at a depth of 30 m results in an increase in the body temperature, particularly significant after the exposure ends, and maintained for at least 3 hours after the exposure.
Gesundheitskompetenz, subjektive Gesundheit und Gesundheitsverhalten bei Studierenden
Authors: Schultes Kristin 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Erkenntnisse über die Gesundheitskompetenz von Studierenden liegen bisher in Deutschland kaum vor. In einem Studienprojekt der Hochschule Fulda wurde diese im Zusammenhang mit der subjektiven Gesundheit und gesundheitsrelevanten Verhaltensweisen bei Studierenden in Fulda untersucht. Während zwischen der Gesundheitskompetenz und der subjektiven Gesundheit ein Zusammenhang ermittelt werden konnte, zeigen sich Assoziationen zu Verhaltensweisen nur bei einzelnen Variablen, wie z.B. beim Obstkonsum.
Händehygiene und Gesundheitskompetenz im Kontext von Patientensicherheit im Krankenhaus
Authors: Offermanns Guido , Draganović Šehad 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Im Kontext der Forschung findet die Fragestellung, wie Patienten in den Prozess der Händedesinfektion durch Gesundheitspersonal einbezogen werden können, bisher wenig Beachtung. In entsprechenden Kampagnen stellt lediglich das Gesundheitspersonal eine Zielgruppe dar. Der Beitrag zeigt die Public Health Relevanz des Themas sowie Möglichkeiten durch Gesundheitskompetenz mit Patienten, Organisation und Gesundheitspersonal Infektionsraten signifikant zu senken.
Gesundheitskompetenz durch Patientenschulungen – ein Überblick
Authors: Faller Hermann , Meng Karin 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Chronisch Kranke benötigen Kompetenzen, die sie dazu befähigen, möglichst selbstbestimmt mit ihrer Erkrankung umzugehen (Selbstmanagement). Solche Kompetenzen können durch Patientenschulungen vermittelt werden (Empowerment). Kontrollierte Studien konnten Effekte innovativer, interaktiver Schulungsprogramme auf Gesundheitskompetenz und Selbstmanagement-Outcomes nachweisen. Außerdem zeigte sich, dass Verbesserungen der Gesundheitskompetenz Verbesserungen der Lebensqualität mit sich bringen.
Developments and perspectives of health literacy in Europe
Authors: Sørensen Kristine , Brand Helmut 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
A decade ago the European health literacy field was in its infancy. A comparable study among EU Member States was made to explore if health literacy was as much as a concern in Europe as elsewhere in the world. This article analyses the impact of the European Health Literacy project (2009–2012). Based on the outcomes new avenues for health literacy in Europe are proposed. In spite of progress there is still a strong call for actions to make health literacy a priority in the EU.
Determination of Space Debris Coordinates by Means of a Space Service Vehicle
Authors: Kondratiuk Vasyl , Kovalevskiy Еduard , Ilnytska Svitlana 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The problem of space debris utilization is quite relevant nowadays and has a global character. The space industry experts from all over the world are working on the task of removing space debris. This article proposes the method of determining space debris coordinates by means of the airborne equipment of a space service vehicle. The set of airborne equipment includes a global navigation satellite system receiver, an inertial navigation system and a laser radar. To study the accuracy characteristics of the proposed method under different initial conditions a series of simulations was performed. They showed that the accuracy of determining space debris coordinates becomes higher with the reduction of the distance between the debris and space service vehicle. Stringent requirements for the accuracy of determining the orientation of the coordinate frame of the space vehicle are essential for providing the accuracy characteristics of the method.
Education as a Basic Element of Improving Professional Important Qualities of Aviation Technical Maintenance Personnel
Authors: Gorbačovs Oļegs 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In this article the importance of professional qualities, competence and their increase, directly dependent on the training of aviation technical maintenance personnel and determination the level of flight safety is covered. This publication analyses necessary training and requirements for aviation technical personnel involved in aircraft maintenance, as well as the requirements for aviation training organizations, defined as per Part-147, for such personnel preparation and training.
Dimensionieren von hohlfaserbasierten
Lab-on-a-Chip-Systemen
Authors: Winkelmann Claudia , Sonntag Frank , Füssel Jens 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Für das Entwickeln und Kultivieren komplexer 3D-Gewebe sind
mikrofluidische Perfusionssysteme von entscheidender Bedeutung. Das
Versorgen und Aufrechterhalten des komplexen biologischen Mikromilieus
wird über integrierte künstliche Gefäßsysteme
sichergestellt. Die Herausforderung besteht im
applikationsspezifischen Dimensionieren dieser Gefäßnetzwerke
sowie dem Bestimmen der erforderlichen Betriebsparameter. Dazu wird
eine Technologie-Plattform vorgestellt, die ein
applikationsspezifisches Simulationsmodell und ein Validierungssystem
umfasst.
More About the 80th Anniversary of Social Services: social rights in times of democratic breakdown / Ainda sobre os 80 anos do Serviço Social: direitos sociais em tempos de ruptura democrática
Authors: Paiva Beatriz Augusto de , Hillesheim Jaime 
Published: March 2017

This article focuses on the current process that is reshaping the cycle of democratic breakdown in Brazil, triggered by the reactionary/conservative forces of August 2016. The working classes are experiencing the harsh consequences of the global economic crisis combined with the political dispute arising from illegitimate governance: massive unemployment, wage restraint, loss of historic labor rights and recently gained social guarantees; in short, worsening poverty against a historic backdrop of overexploitation and dependency. Based on these vectors of analysis, this article reflects on the contradictions that govern social rights and social policy on the periphery of capitalism, centering on variations in social rights within neodevelopmentalist framework and its breakdown, as well as the contemporary dilemmas faced by social services in the complex affirmation/regression of social rights.
Sonographische Darstellung der physiologischen Ovarien bei der Katze
Authors: Wehrend Axel , Conze Theresa 
Published: March 2017

ZusammenfassungDie sonographische Darstellung des Ovars stellt einen zentralen Bestandteil der gynäkologischen Untersuchung dar. Während sie bei vielen Haustierarten etabliert ist, wird sie bei der Katze bisher seltener durchgeführt. Dieser Artikel beschreibt die technischen Voraussetzungen, den Untersuchungsgang sowie die Darstellung des physiologischen Ovars bei der Katze. Die Untersuchung kann sowohl in Seitenlage als auch in Rückenlage durchgeführt werden. In der Regel befinden sich die Eierstöcke kaudal der Nieren, die als Leitstruktur dienen. Im Anöstrus haben die Ovarien eine durchschnittliche Größe von 0,9 cm (Länge) x 0,5 cm (Höhe) x 0,4 cm (Breite). In der Follikelphase sowie der Gelbkörperphase erleichtern die Funktionskörper das Auffinden der Eierstöcke, während ihre Darstellung im Interöstrus und Anöstrus deutlich erschwert ist.
In vitro Embryogenesis Derived from Shoot Tips in Mass Propagation of Two Selected-Clones of Phalaenopsis
Authors: WINARTO Budi , ATMINI Kristina Dwi , BADRIAH Dedeh Siti , WEGADARA Mega 
Published: March 2017

Phalaenopsis is of high economic value and market demand in Indonesia; however, orchid products are mostly imported from other countries. ‘Kristina Dwi’ (KD) 69.274 and ‘Dedeh’ (D) 802.28 are two selected clones with high potential utilized and developed commercially. To support their commercialization, a reliable in vitro propagation protocol is essential. In the current study, an in vitro mass propagation protocol for KD 69.274 and D 802.28 clones was successfully established using shoot tips as explant sources. A high number of embryos, up to 8.2 embryos per explant, with 58.5% explant regeneration, and 3.5 regenerated-explants in average were regenerated from shoot tips of KD 69.274 clone cultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, with full strength micro, Fe-chellate and vitamin containing 0.5 mg/L thidiazuruon (TDZ) and 0.25 mg/L N6-benzyladenine (BA). The initial embryos were proliferated by culturing embryos individually on half-strength MS medium with 0.13 mg/L TDZ and 0.25 mg/L BA and resulted in high embryo regeneration up to 91.4%, with 10.2 embryos per explant and no embryo browning. The embryos were multiplied under periodical subcultures of 3 months each, resulting in gradual increasing number of embryos from the first subculture till the fifth subculture, with 23.6 embryos produced, then declined afterward. The embryos were easily germinated on half-strength MS medium with full strength of vitamin and hormone free, with 73.9% embryo germination and 14.9 germinated embryos. Healthy plantlets were stimulated on the same medium with 2 g/L activated charcoal (AC) and successfully acclimatized on Cycas rumphii bulk, with 88.3% survival plantlets. Finally, it can be summarized that a new in vitro mass propagation protocol, as new alternative choice for Phalaenopsis propagation, was successfully established.
Antimicrobial Properties and Melissopalynology, Proximate and Elemental Analyses of Honey Samples from Three Different Ecozones in Nigeria
Authors: ADEONIPEKUN Peter A. , ADENIYI Tiwalade A. , EDEN David 
Published: March 2017

Honey samples from three different ecozones - coastal freshwater (Ogba), lowland rainforest (Oka-Akoko) and montane Sudan savanna (Mambilla plateau) – were subjected to melissopalynological, proximate and elemental analyses, as well as antimicrobial studies. The aim of the research was to determine the contribution of pollen, if any, in the antimicrobial activities of the studied honey samples. Standard preparation methods were adopted for these studies. The Mambilla honey recorded the highest pollen diversity, while that of Oka-Akoko and Ogba regions had similar diversity, both having lower values. The Ogba honey however contained the highest abundance of pollen. Proximate analysis showed that the Mambilla honey also recorded the highest values of moisture, ash, protein, fats and oil, as well as potassium and reducing sugars. Antimicrobial investigation revealed the highest antimicrobial activities for the Mambilla honey, followed by Oka-Akoko and Ogba against Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram negative). Moisture content, proteins and carbohydrates were significantly different, with positive and negative trends respectively, when related with the antimicrobial activities of the honey samples. The pollen contents were also qualitatively different. This is the first time the antimicrobial activity of honey is ever traced to pollen contents. More conclusions can be accurately made only after further research upon pollen grains directly.
Relationship between Ratio of Second and Fourth Digit and Obesity Traits among Different Ethnic Groups in Ilorin, North Central Nigeria
Authors: OYEYEMI Bolaji Fatai , ADEBAYO John Oluwafemi , ANIFOWOSHE Abass Toba , IYIOLA Oluyinka Ajibola 
Published: March 2017

Digit ratio (2D:4D) denotes the relative length of the second and fourth digits. There are contradicting reports on its relationship with ethnicity/race, whereas convincing studies show it is related to obesity. This cross-sectional study was undertaken to demystify ethnic difference in 2D:4D ratio and to analyze its relationship with obesity among adults in Ilorin Nigeria. The cross-sectional study included 701 individuals. Finger lengths were measured with electronic calipers and other anthropometric traits were measured with standard procedure. Student t test and one-way ANOVA were used to detect differences among groups and relationship was computed with Pearson correlation. The receiver operator characteristic curves were used to detect the diagnostic effect of 2D:4D for obesity. The obtained results showed sexual dimorphism in 2D:4D ratio and other anthropometrics at p < 0.01. Obesity was associated with significantly higher mean of 2D:4D in both genders (female 0.9814 ± 0.012:0.9700 ± 0.012; male 0.9700 ± 0.010:0.9592 ± 0.010 at p < 0.001). The area under the curve was 0.753 (95% CI 0.677-0.829, p < 0.01) and 0.798 (95% CI 0.756-0.804, p < 0.01) in female and male R2D:4D respectively for obesity, implying that 2D:4D might be a surrogate marker for obesity in future. No significant difference was found in 2D:4D among different ethnic groups studied (p >0.05); this result proved that there was no ethnic specificity in 2D:4D ratio among study’ participants. Thus, it can be reported that the digit ratio was related to high 2D:4D, but this cannot be said for different ethnic groups. The results imply that 2D:4D might be a good surrogate indicator for obesity, but not ethnicity.
Climber Diversity across Vegetational Landscape of North-Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: DVIVEDI Ashish , SRIVASTAVA Sumit , SHUKLA Ravindra Prasad 
Published: March 2017

The composition and diversity of climbers among grassland, wasteland and forest vegetations was examined with respect to their woodiness, climbing mode and circumnutation pattern across the vegetational landscape of north-eastern Uttar Pradesh during 2011-2015. A total of 111 climbers, constituting 63 lianas and 48 vine species, under 35 families, were recorded. The forest and wasteland vegetation were quite similar in regard with climber diversity. Family Convolvulaceae included a maximum of 19 climbers. Majority of twining climbers showed right-handed twining. The wasteland vegetation was most suitable and quite similar to forest habitat for vines as well as for lianas. The right handed circumnutation was the dominant pattern among the twiners of the region. Local climbing flora provides considerable natural resource to the region. They often create special micro-habitats and increase the complexity of the ecosystem.
Temporal bone malignancy: an overview
Authors: K. Shashhidhar , Doreyawar Venkatesh , Kulkarni Aniruddh , Malick Nabeel , H. N. Preetham , N. S. Sandhya , K. M. Vidyashree , Puthukulangara Shruthi 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Carcinoma of the temporal bone is rare, accounting for fewer than 0.2% of all the tumours of the head and neck. Despite the recent advances made in oncology, delayed diagnosis is common with temporal bone tumors which lead to significant morbidity and poor surgical outcomes. All cases of persistent otitis media or otitis externa which fails to improve with adequate treatment, temporal bone malignancy should be suspected. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of temporal bone malignancy in patients with CSOM or external auditory mass<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It is a prospective study conducted in department of ENT and Head and Neck surgery, Karnataka institute of medical sciences, Hubballi from July 2015- December 2016. All patients with CSOM presenting with otorrhoea and mass in the external auditory canal in our outpatient department were included in the study<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 6496 patients included in our study, 3 patients were found to have temporal bone malignancy. Histopathological examination showed squamous cell carcinoma in all 3 patients. All three patients underwent lateral temporal bone resection with post-operative radiotherapy<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> High level of suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis of temporal bone malignancy especially in patients with CSOM unresponsive to conventional treatment<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p> </p>
Comparison between vinegar wash and culture based oral antibiotic therapy in active chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Shenoy Supreetha B. , Gadag Raveendra P. , Megalamani Somanath B. , Mushannavar Annapurna S. 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic otorrhea in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) has become a difficult task to treat for ENT specialists because of emerging resistance to the available antibiotics and patient’s affordability for its cost. Also biofilms have been responsible for the chronicity of disease. Use of vinegar as an antiseptic and altering the pH of middle ear to treat otorrhea in CSOM needs to be studied<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 120 patients with active CSOM were recruited randomly for either vinegar wash or antibiotic therapy. Vinegar diluted with water in 1:1 ratio at pH 4 was used twice a day for 3weeks to one group. Oral antibiotics based on culture sensitivity report were given to other group for 3weeks. Both groups were followed up for a month and observed for resolution of ear discharge<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <em>Pseudomonas </em>(40%) and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (25%) were the most common organisms detected. 96.2% of <em>Pseudomonas</em> and 50% of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> ears became dry with vinegar wash. 81.67% of antibiotic group and 68.33% of vinegar group ears became dry in 3weeks. No statistically significant difference between vinegar wash and culture based oral antibiotic therapy in resolution of ear discharge was seen in active CSOM (p &gt;0.05)<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Management of otorrhea is long term in CSOM and vinegar can be used as an alternative to costly oral antibiotics for resolution of ear discharge in active CSOM. Two fold dilution of vinegar prevents chance of ototoxicity<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
Articular cartilage tissue engineering with stem cells implanted onto nanoscaffolds and platelet-rich plasma
Authors: Abbassy Hadeer A. , Montaser Laila M. , Fawzy Sherin M. 
Published: March 2017

<p class="abstract">Musculoskeletal medicine targets both cartilage regeneration and healing of soft tissues. Articular cartilage repair and regeneration is primarily considered to be due to its poor regenerative properties. Cartilage defects due to joint injury, aging, or osteoarthritis have low self-repair ability thus they are most often irreversible as well as being a major cause of joint pain and chronic disability. Unfortunately, current methods do not seamlessly restore hyaline cartilage and may lead to the formation of fibro- or continue hypertrophic cartilage. Deficiency of efficient modalities of therapy has invited research to combine stem cells, scaffold materials and environmental factors through tissue engineering. Articular cartilage tissue engineering aims to repair, regenerate, and hence improve the function of injured or diseased cartilage. This holds great potential and has evoked intense interest in improving cartilage therapy. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and/or stem cells may be influential for tissue repair as well as cartilage regenerative processes. A great promise to advance current cartilage therapies toward achieving a consistently successful modality has been held for addressing cartilage afflictions. The use of stem cells, novel biologically inspired scaffolds and, emerging nanotechnology may be the best way to reach this objective via tissue engineering. A current and emergent approach in the field of cartilage tissue engineering is explained in this review for specific application. In the future, the development of new strategies using stem cells seeded in scaffolds and the culture medium supplemented with growth factors could improve the quality of the newly formed cartilage<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>