bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smoking is associated with hypermethylation of the APC 1A promoter in colorectal cancer: the ColoCare Study
Authors: Barrow Timothy M , Klett Hagen , Toth Reka , Böhm Jürgen , Gigic Biljana , Habermann Nina , Scherer Dominique , Schrotz‐King Petra , Skender Stephanie , Abbenhardt‐Martin Clare , Zielske Lin , Schneider Martin , Ulrich Alexis , Schirmacher Peter , Herpel Esther , Brenner Hermann , Busch Hauke , Boerries Melanie , Ulrich Cornelia M , Michels Karin B 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSmoking tobacco is a known risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer and for mortality associated with the disease. Smoking has been reported to be associated with changes in DNA methylation in blood and in lung tumour tissues, although there has been scant investigation of how epigenetic factors may be implicated in the increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. To identify epigenetic changes associated with smoking behaviours, we performed epigenome‐wide analysis of DNA methylation in colorectal tumours from 36 never‐smokers, 47 former smokers, and 13 active smokers, and in adjacent mucosa from 49 never‐smokers, 64 former smokers, and 18 active smokers. Our analyses identified 15 CpG sites within the APC 1A promoter that were significantly hypermethylated and 14 CpG loci within the NFATC1 gene body that were significantly hypomethylated (pLIS < 1 × 10−5) in the tumours of active smokers. The APC 1A promoter was hypermethylated in 7 of 36 tumours from never‐smokers (19%), 12 of 47 tumours from former smokers (26%), and 8 of 13 tumours from active smokers (62%). Promoter hypermethylation was positively associated with duration of smoking (Spearman rank correlation, ρ = 0.26, p = 0.03) and was confined to tumours, with hypermethylation never being observed in adjacent mucosa. Further analysis of adjacent mucosa revealed significant hypomethylation of four loci associated with the TNXB gene in tissue from active smokers. Our findings provide exploratory evidence for hypermethylation of the key tumour suppressor gene APC being implicated in smoking‐associated colorectal carcinogenesis. Further work is required to establish the validity of our observations in independent cohorts. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Organophosphorous ligands in hydrogenase‐inspired iron‐based catalysts: A DFT study on the energetics of metal protonation as a function of P‐atom substitution
Authors: Rovaletti Anna , Greco Claudio 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe present paper reports a study on the energetics of protonation of a hydrogenase biomimetic complex, [Fe2(μ‐adt)(CO)4(PMe3)2] (adt = N‐benzylazadithiolate), and of its homologue featuring triphenylphosphine ligands in place of trimethylphosphines. Formation of a terminal hydride on one of the Fe centres was considered first, given the key relevance of terminal hydride species in the enzymatic mechanism. Theoretical calculations highlight that, in a vacuum, terminal protonation of the selected Fe ion in the PPh3‐bearing organometallic complex is highly favoured when compared to the analogous reaction involving the PMe3‐containing species, but the trend is inverted in the case of models optimized in a continuum polarizable. An unexpected parallel is thus established between relative basicities of PPh3 and PMe3 in vacuum or in solution phase [C. A. Tolman, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 2953; G. M. Bancroft, Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 3675], and the energetics of terminal hydride formation upon protonation of [FeFe]‐hydrogenase biomimetic complexes bearing such organophosphorous ligands. Bridging hydride formation was also considered in the present study: calculations showed that protonation of the PMe3‐bearing organometallic complex is again strongly favoured in vacuo, as compared to the case of the PPh3‐containing model. However, protonation energies become significantly smaller when solvent effects are taken into account. Such differences between protonation reactions modelled in vacuo and in the polarizable continuum are rationalized in light of the different electrostatic properties of the diiron complexes here considered. Implications for the design and modelling of biomimetic catalysts are briefly discussed in light of recent literature.
A simple and economical strategy for obtaining calibration plots for relative quantification of positional isomers of YYX/YXY triglycerides using high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Judge Elizabeth J. , Zheng Dong , Chivukula Swathilekha , Gakwaya Robert , Schostarez Sarah , Li Xingwen , Liriano Melissa , Evans Jason J. 
Published: August 2017

RationalePositional analysis of intact triglycerides could provide greater insights into the link between fatty acid position and lipotoxic diseases. However, this methodology has been impeded by lack of commercial availability of positionally pure triglycerides. This work reports on a strategy for defining calibration plots for YXY/YYX triglyceride systems based on the product ion intensities in the collision‐induced dissociation spectra of ammoniated precursor ions.MethodsA set of triglycerides were synthesized and analyzed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry using an ion trap mass spectrometer. The product ion spectra of the ammoniated precursor ions were collected for 42 triglyceride systems of the form YXY/YYX, where Y represents C16:0, C18:1(c‐9) and C20:4(cccc‐5,8,11,14). Three‐point calibration plots were prepared by plotting the relative abundance of the YY+ product ion vs. the relative abundance of the YYX positional isomer.ResultsThe calibration plots were shown to give relative abundances of positional isomers accurate to within ±0.02 for most systems. Using an ion trap, under a controlled set of collision parameters, the slopes of the calibration plots can be used to compare the sensitivities of the product ion intensities to fatty acid position for various triglyceride systems. The average slopes of the calibration plots for the C16:0, C18:1(c‐9) and C20:4(cccc‐5,8,11,14) systems were 0.29 ± 0.05, 0.21 ± 0.05 and 0.045 ± 0.005, respectively.ConclusionsWhile the presence of multiple unsaturated fatty acids tends to slightly decrease the slopes of the calibration plots, the data suggest that the sensitivities are sufficient for performing positional analysis of most triglyceride systems. However, the presence of unsaturated fatty acids that contain double bonds close to the carbonyl group, such as arachidonic acid, tends to dramatically decrease positional sensitivity.
Visualizing Zn2+ in Living Whole Organism Artemia by a Natural Fluorimetric Intermediate Siderophore
Authors: Mudhulkar Raju , Nair Ratish R. , Raval Ishan H. , Haldar Soumya , Chatterjee Pabitra B. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAeruginic acid (H2L), a weakly fluorescent natural ionophore, was synthesized via one‐pot mechanochemical grinding at room‐temperature. This sulfur containing intermediate siderophore showed unique specificity towards Zn2+ in 100% water at physiological pH even in presence of other challenging metal ions particularly, paramagnetic metal ions such as Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+. H2L also displayed a naked eye observable instant color change under UV light in presence of Zn2+, in aqueous solution and in solid phase as well. The receptor H2L with 49 nM limit of detection, upon excitation at 360 nm, reversibly binds one equivalent Zn2+ as evidenced from Job's plot, ESI‐MS, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Being fully water soluble, non‐toxic, and permeable in nature, this natural ionophore can visualize Zn2+ in the gastrointestinal tract of live whole brine shrimp Artemia. We are not aware of any report on bio‐imaging of Zn2+ in living organism.
Thermally Stable Nanocrystalline Steel
Authors: Hulme-Smith Christopher Neil , Ooi Shgh Woei , Bhadeshia Harshad K. D. H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTwo novel nanocrystalline steels were designed to withstand elevated temperatures without catastrophic microstructural changes. In the most successful alloy, a large quantity of nickel was added to stabilize austenite and allow a reduction in the carbon content. A 50 kg cast of the novel alloy was produced and used to verify the formation of nanocrystalline bainite. Synchrotron X-ray diffractometry usingin situheating showed that austenite was able to survive more than 1 hour at 773 K (500 °C) and subsequent cooling to ambient temperature. This is the first reported nanocrystalline steel with high-temperature capability.
Institutional Linkages with the State and Organizational Practices in Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from China
Authors: Ge Jianhua , Zhao Wei 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTTo deepen our understanding of organizations’ heterogeneous responses to institutional demand, we develop a ‘relational complexity’ argument to highlight organizations’ diverse institutional linkages as another important source of practice variation. We argue that diverse relations between organizations and the institutional authority can filter distinct institutional pressures and expectations, shape organizational interpretations of environmental demands, and thus trigger heterogeneous organizational practices. We adopt this theoretical framework and distinguish two types of institutional linkages with the state to understand different adoption patterns in corporate social responsibility (CSR) in its early stage of diffusion in China. Based on a national survey dataset consisting of 1,268 firms, our analyses show that firms having a stronger bureaucratic linkage with the state tend to focus on more visible external-oriented CSR practices. In contrast, those firms forming a closer partnership with the state through political or semi-political associations are more likely to take more extensive adoptions by further developing internal CSR structures. This study enriches the institutional analyses by shifting our attention to the relational dynamics between organizations and institutional authority as a key source of practice variation. It also has important implications to the research and practices of CSR in emerging economies.
Iodine status of postpartum women and their infants in Australia after the introduction of mandatory iodine fortification
Authors: Huynh Dao , Condo Dominique , Gibson Robert , Muhlhausler Beverly , Ryan Philip , Skeaff Sheila , Makrides Maria , Zhou Shao J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMandatory I fortification in bread was introduced in Australia in 2009 in response to the re-emergence of biochemical I deficiency based on median urinary I concentration (UIC)<100 µg/l. Data on the I status of lactating mothers and their infants in Australia are scarce. The primary aim of this study was to assess the I status, determined by UIC and breast milk I concentration (BMIC), of breast-feeding mothers in South Australia and UIC of their infants. The secondary aim was to assess the relationship between the I status of mothers and their infants. The median UIC of the mothers (n 686) was 125 (interquartile range (IQR) 76–200) µg/l and median BMIC (n 538) was 127 (IQR 84–184) µg/l. In all, 38 and 36 % of the mothers had a UIC and BMIC below 100 µg/l, respectively. The median UIC of infants (n 628) was 198 (IQR 121–296) µg/l, and 17 % had UIC<100 µg/l. Infant UIC was positively associated with maternal UIC (β 0·26; 95 % CI 0·14, 0·37, P<0·001) and BMIC (β 0·85; 95 % CI 0·66, 1·04, P<0·001) at 3 months postpartum after adjustment for gestational age, parity, maternal secondary and further education, BMI category and infant feeding mode. The adjusted OR for infant UIC<100 µg/l was 6·49 (95 % CI 3·80, 11·08, P<0·001) in mothers with BMIC<100 µg/l compared with those with BMIC≥100 µg/l. The I status of mothers and breast-fed infants in South Australia, following mandatory I fortification, is indicative of I sufficiency. BMIC<100 µg/l increased the risk of biochemical I deficiency in breast-fed infants.
Sociodemographic, lifestyle and behavioural factors associated with consumption of sweetened beverages among adults in Cambridgeshire, UK: the Fenland Study
Authors: Barrett Peter , Imamura Fumiaki , Brage Søren , Griffin Simon J , Wareham Nicholas J , Forouhi Nita G 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to identify sociodemographic, lifestyle and behavioural determinants of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASB) among adults in Cambridgeshire, UK.DesignCross-sectional data were obtained from a cohort of 9991 adults born between 1950 and 1975. An FFQ was used to assess consumption of beverages and other dietary factors. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine potential determinants of consuming SSB and ASB (≥1 serving/d).SettingRecruitment from general practice surgeries to participate in the ongoing population-based Fenland Study.SubjectsAdults (n 9991) aged 30–64 years from three areas of Cambridgeshire, UK.ResultsPrevalence estimates for daily SSB and ASB consumption were 20·4 % (n 2041) and 8·9 % (n 893), respectively. SSB consumption (OR; 95 % CI) was more common in men than women (1·33; CI 1·17, 1·50) and among those reporting lower income (<£20 000/year) than those reporting higher income (>£40 000/year; 1·31; 1·09, 1·58). In contrast, daily ASB consumption was more common among women than men (1·62; 1·34, 1·96), those on weight-loss diets than those who were not (2·58; 2·05, 3·24) and those reporting higher income than lower income (1·53; 1·16, 2·00). Factors associated with higher consumption of each of SSB and ASB included being a younger adult, being overweight/obese, having shorter education, eating meals or snack foods while watching television, and skipping breakfast (P<0·05 each).ConclusionsFrequent consumers of SSB and ASB differ by several sociodemographic characteristics. However, increased BMI, younger age and unhealthy eating behaviours are common to both groups.
Electride and superconductivity behaviors in Mn5Si3-type intermetallics
Authors: Zhang Yaoqing , Wang Bosen , Xiao Zewen , Lu Yangfan , Kamiya Toshio , Uwatoko Yoshiya , Kageyama Hiroshi , Hosono Hideo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractElectrides are unique in the sense that they contain localized anionic electrons in the interstitial regions. Yet they exist with a diversity of chemical compositions, especially under extreme conditions, implying generalized underlying principles for their existence. What is rarely observed is the combination of electride state and superconductivity within the same material, but such behavior would open up a new category of superconductors. Here, we report a hexagonal Nb5Ir3 phase of Mn5Si3-type structure that falls into this category and extends the electride concept into intermetallics. The confined electrons in the one-dimensional cavities are reflected by the characteristic channel bands in the electronic structure. Filling these free spaces with foreign oxygen atoms serves to engineer the band topology and increase the superconducting transition temperature to 10.5 K in Nb5Ir3O. Specific heat analysis indicates the appearance of low-lying phonons and two-gap s-wave superconductivity. Strong electron–phonon coupling is revealed to be the pairing glue with an anomalously large ratio between the superconducting gap Δ0 and Tc, 2Δ0/kBTc = 6.12. The general rule governing the formation of electrides concerns the structural stability against the cation filling/extraction in the channel site.
A Reciprocal Interaction between β-Catenin and Osterix in Cementogenesis
Authors: Choi Hwajung , Kim Tak-Heun , Yang Siqin , Lee Jeong-Chae , You Hyung-Keun , Cho Eui-Sic 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough accumulating evidence indicates that both β-catenin and osterix (Osx) are essential for bone and tooth development, few studies have investigated the interaction of these two key proteins in the context of cementogenesis. In this study, we used transgenic mice with constitutively active β-catenin and inactive Osx in the dental mesenchyme to address this question. We found that cementoblasts with constitutively active β-catenin require Osx to produce excessive cellular cementum, and that ablation of Osx prevents this abnormal accumulation. Importantly, cementoblasts transduced with retrovirus expressing constitutively active β-catenin exhibited upregulation of Osx expression through direct binding to the promoter region of Osx. Osx regulates Lef1 expression and consequently could regulate T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (Tcf/Lef) binding activity in Wnt/β-catenin signaling. However, the loss of Tcf/Lef binding activity by Osx ablation was not rescued by transduction of retrovirus expressing constitutively active β-catenin or ectopic Lef1 overexpression. These results suggest that the Tcf/Lef binding activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is Osx-dependent during cementogenesis. Moreover, Osx differentially regulates the expression of various Tcf family members, suggesting that Osx regulates cementogenesis by utilizing various Tcf/Lef-dependent mechanisms. This is the first report to show that downstream Osx signaling through Tcf/Lefs is critical for cementogenesis.
An Exploration of the Associations Among Hearing Loss, Physical Health, and Visual Memory in Adults From West Central Alabama
Authors: Hay-McCutcheon Marcia J. , Hyams Adriana , Yang Xin , Parton Jason , Panasiuk Brianna , Ondocsin Sarah , James Mary Margaret , Scogin Forrest 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this preliminary study was to explore the associations among hearing loss, physical health, and visual memory in adults living in rural areas, urban clusters, and an urban city in west Central Alabama.

Method
Two hundred ninety-seven adults (182 women, 115 men) from rural areas, urban clusters, and an urban city of west Central Alabama completed a hearing assessment, a physical health questionnaire, a hearing handicap measure, and a visual memory test.

Results
A greater number of adults with hearing loss lived in rural areas and urban clusters than in an urban area. In addition, poorer physical health was significantly associated with hearing loss. A greater number of individuals with poor physical health who lived in rural towns and urban clusters had hearing loss compared with the adults with other physical health issues who lived in an urban city. Poorer hearing sensitivity resulted in poorer outcomes on the Emotional and Social subscales of the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults. And last, visual memory, a working-memory task, was not associated with hearing loss but was associated with educational level.

Conclusions
The outcomes suggest that hearing loss is associated with poor physical and emotional health but not with visual-memory skills. A greater number of adults living in rural areas experienced hearing loss compared with adults living in an urban city, and consequently, further research will be necessary to confirm this relationship and to explore the reasons behind it. Also, further exploration of the relationship between cognition and hearing loss in adults living in rural and urban areas will be needed.
Joint regulation of growth and division timing drives size homeostasis in proliferating animal cells
Authors: Singh Abhyudai , Vargas-Garcia Cesar A. , Björklund Mikael 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHow organisms maintain cell size homeostasis is a long-standing problem that remains unresolved, especially in multicellular organisms. Recent experiments in diverse animal cell types demonstrate that within a cell population the extent of growth and cellular proliferation (i.e., fitness) is low for small and large cells, but high at intermediate sizes. Here we use mathematical models to explore size-control strategies that drive such a non-monotonic fitness profile resulting in an optimal cell size. Our analysis reveals that if cell size grows exponentially or linearly over time, then fitness always varies monotonically with size irrespective of how timing of division is regulated. Furthermore, if the cell divides upon attaining a critical size (as in the Sizer or size-checkpoint model), then fitness always increases with size irrespective of how growth rate is regulated. These results show that while several size control models can maintain cell size homeostasis, they fail to predict the optimal cell size, and hence unable to explain why cells prefer a certain size. Interestingly, fitness maximization at an optimal size requires two key ingredients: 1) The growth rate decreases with increasing size for large enough cells; and 2) The cell size at the time of division is a function of the newborn size. The latter condition is consistent with the Adder paradigm for division control (division is triggered upon adding a fixed size from birth), or a Sizer-Adder combination. Consistent with theory, Jurkat T cell growth rates, as measured via oxygen consumption or mitochondrial activity, increase with size for small cells, but decrease with size for large cells. In summary, regulation of both growth and cell division timing is critical for size control in animal cells, and this joint-regulation leads to an optimal size where cellular fitness is maximized.Address inquires to A. Singh, E-mail:absingh@udel.edu.