bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Techno‐functional properties of wheat flour‐resistant starch mixtures applied to breadmaking
Authors: Arp Carlos Gabriel , Correa María Jimena , Zuleta Ángela , Ferrero Cristina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractResistant starch can be used to reduce the availability of carbohydrates in baked products. In this study, the effect of type 4 resistant wheat starch (RS4) on wheat flour dough and breads was evaluated. Wheat flour was substituted by RS4 at 10%, 20% and 30% w/w (RS10, RS20 and RS30, respectively). Rheological and thermal behaviours of dough were evaluated. Besides, bread quality, starch digestibility and bread staling were analysed. All substituted dough exhibited viscoelastic behaviour but lower elastic and viscous moduli. Regarding to bread quality, specific volume and crumb texture were negatively affected in samples with RS4. However, all samples were technologically acceptable. During storage, crumb hardening was observed in breads without and with RS4 but amylopectin retrogradation was not particularly affected. The in vitro digestibility of bread with RS showed a lower release of reducing sugars and a lower estimated glycaemic index, suggesting a healthier profile for these breads.
Digestion and bioavailability of bioactive phytochemicals
Authors: Karaś Monika , Jakubczyk Anna , Szymanowska Urszula , Złotek Urszula , Zielińska Ewelina 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThere are many scientific reports on determination of the content and biological activity of compounds found in food. However, these analyses are not sufficient to determine their effect on the human body. During digestion of food ingredients, many changes can modify their structure and this may affect their absorption and bioactivity. Many phenolic aglycones are hydrophilic and can be absorbed through biological membranes by diffusion. However, most polyphenols occur in the glycosidic form, which undoubtedly affects their absorption in the intestine. Oligopeptides are also absorbable via secondary active transport but based on the hydrogen ion gradient or with transporter PepT1. The bioavailability of phytochemicals is determined by their molecular weight or chemical structure and the food matrix. Accordingly, the aim of this work was to present the novel scientific reports related to the influence the many factors on digestibility, bioaccessibility and activity of selected bioactive compounds of plant origin.
The adiposity of children is associated with their lifestyle behaviours: a cluster analysis of school‐aged children from 12 nations
Authors: Dumuid Dorothea , Olds T. , Lewis L. K. , Martin‐Fernández J. A. , Barreira T. , Broyles S. , Chaput J.‐P. , Fogelholm M. , Hu G. , Kuriyan R. , Kurpad A. , Lambert E. V. , Maia J. , Matsudo V. , Onywera V. O. , Sarmiento O. L. , Standage M. , Tremblay M. S. , Tudor‐Locke C. , Zhao P. , Katzmarzyk P. , Gillison F. , Maher C. ,   for the ISCOLE research group
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackgroundThe relationship between children's adiposity and lifestyle behaviour patterns is an area of growing interest.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study are to identify clusters of children based on lifestyle behaviours and compare children's adiposity among clusters.MethodsCross‐sectional data from the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment were used. Participants: the participants were children (9–11 years) from 12 nations (n = 5710). Measures: 24‐h accelerometry and self‐reported diet and screen time were clustering input variables. Objectively measured adiposity indicators were waist‐to‐height ratio, percent body fat and body mass index z‐scores. Analysis: sex‐stratified analyses were performed on the global sample and repeated on a site‐wise basis. Cluster analysis (using isometric log ratios for compositional data) was used to identify common lifestyle behaviour patterns. Site representation and adiposity were compared across clusters using linear models.ResultsFour clusters emerged: (1) Junk Food Screenies, (2) Actives, (3) Sitters and (4) All‐Rounders. Countries were represented differently among clusters. Chinese children were over‐represented in Sitters and Colombian children in Actives. Adiposity varied across clusters, being highest in Sitters and lowest in Actives.ConclusionsChildren from different sites clustered into groups of similar lifestyle behaviours. Cluster membership was linked with differing adiposity. Findings support the implementation of activity interventions in all countries, targeting both physical activity and sedentary time.
Les dispositions relatives au travail des accords commerciaux de l'UE: un support possible pour le renforcement des capacités dans le domaine du travail?
Authors: EBERT Franz Christian 
Published: December 2016

RésuméLes dispositions relatives au travail contenues dans les accords commerciaux européens n'ont pas été capables véritablement d'assurer l'application effective des principes qu'elles consacrent sur le territoire des parties. Pour l'auteur, si elles peuvent servir cet objectif, ce serait plutôt en tant que support pour la réalisation d'activités de renforcement des capacités dans le domaine du travail, dans le cadre des instruments européens relatifs à la coopération pour le développement. L'auteur examine les possibilités en la matière et recommande de revoir la conception de ces dispositions, notamment afin que leur application ne repose plus autant sur le bon vouloir des parties.
Recovery concept in a Norwegian setting to be examined by the assertive community treatment model and mixed methods
Authors: Lofthus Ann‐Mari , Westerlund Heidi , Bjørgen Dagfinn , Lindstrøm Jonas Christoffer , Lauveng Arnhild , Rose Diana , Ruud Torleif , Heiervang Kristin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRecovery is a crucial concept in the mental health field. The research of recovery is split into the categories of personal, social and clinical recovery. The purpose of this study was to explore the fragmented concept of recovery in light of assertive community treatment (ACT) in Norway. The study has a mixed methods design with a pragmatic approach. The Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery and open‐ended questions posed to 70 participants from 12 ACT teams in Norway, gathered by the “Users interview users” method, are combined with interviews or focus groups with eight of these participants. Surprisingly those under a community treatment order (CTO) report the highest degree of personal recovery. The qualitative material shows that the service users interpreted the concept of recovery differently than researchers and professionals. The ACT service users highlighted three important elements: flexible treatment, medication and access to a car. They emphasized the necessity for basic needs to be met in order to experience a meaningful recovery process, and these basic needs may be of even greater importance to those under CTOs. Their experiences should imply a greater emphasis on securing basic needs such as secure housing, sounder finances and access to the normal benefits offered by society.
POTENTIAL PASTS: TAKING A HUMANISTIC APPROACH TO COMPUTER VISUALIZATION OF ANCIENT LANDSCAPES
Authors: SULLIVAN ELAINE 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Using advances in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and 3D technologies, scholars of the ancient world are digitally reconstructing entire historic landscapes. For multi-phased sites, the ability to isolate and interrogate complex layers of occupation offers exciting potential for the study of now-altered built and natural environments. While quantitative studies based on GIS data are common in the field of archaeology, this article argues that humanities-based approaches have equal importance. It is specifically the combination of spatial and temporal data that creates new access points from which to address the changing cultural meaning of place. Chronological reconstruction models allow scholars to resituate the human viewpoint into potential past environments, exploring aspects of experience that changed through time and space. Utilizing a visualization of the ancient Egyptian site of Saqqara, this work demonstrates how digital reconstructions of past landscapes address qualitative questions in innovative ways and are changing scholarship in archaeology.
Risk factors for preeclampsia in infertile Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Xia Hexia , Zhang Ruixiu , Sun Xiaoli , Wang Lu , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2016

To explore preconception risk factors for preeclampsia (PE) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a prospective cohort study was conducted in 92 infertile Chinese women with PCOS who had a singleton pregnancy by ovulation induction and were followed up for 6 weeks after delivery. The patients underwent assessment of physical, endocrine, and metabolic features before ovulation induction. Fifteen (16.3%) patients were diagnosed with PE. Logistic regression analysis showed that preconception sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG), insulin level at 120 minutes, and body mass index were three independent risk factors for PE (odds ratio [OR], 0.981; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.964–0.998 [P=.027]; OR, 1.011; 95% CI, 1.000–1.021 [P=.048]; and OR, 1.249; 95% CI, 0.992–1.572 [P=.059], respectively). Receiver operator characteristic analysis indicated the risk value of prepregnancy SHBG, insulin level at 120 minutes, and body mass index (area under the curve=.788, .686, and .697, respectively). Preconception low SHBG levels, overweight/obesity, and hyperinsulinism might be correlated with the subsequent development of PE in patients with PCOS.
Circulating exosomal microRNA‐96 promotes cell proliferation, migration and drug resistance by targeting LMO7
Authors: Wu Hao , Zhou Jingcheng , Mei Shanshan , Wu Da , Mu Zhimin , Chen Baokun , Xie Yuancai , Ye Yiwang , Liu Jixian 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDetection and treatment of lung cancer still remain a clinical challenge. This study aims to validate exosomal microRNA‐96 (miR‐96) as a serum biomarker for lung cancer and understand the underlying mechanism in lung cancer progression. MiR‐96 expressions in normal and lung cancer patients were characterized by qPCR analysis. Changes in cell viability, migration and cisplatin resistance were monitored after incubation with isolated miR‐96‐containing exosomes, anti‐miR‐96 and anti‐miR negative control (anti‐miR‐NC) transfections. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay was used to study interaction between miR‐96 and LIM‐domain only protein 7 (LMO7). Changes induced by miR‐96 transfection and LMO7 overexpression were also evaluated. MiR‐96 expression was positively correlated with high‐grade and metastatic lung cancers. While anti‐miR‐96 transfection exhibited a tumour‐suppressing function, exosomes isolated from H1299 enhanced cell viability, migration and cisplatin resistance. Potential miR‐96 binding sites were found within the 3′‐UTR of wild‐type LMO7 gene, but not of mutant LMO7 gene. LMO7 expression was inversely correlated with lung cancer grades, and LMO7 overexpression reversed promoting effect of miR‐96. We have identified exosomal miR‐96 as a serum biomarker of malignant lung cancer. MiR‐96 promotes lung cancer progression by targeting LMO7. The miR‐96‐LMO7 axis may be a therapeutic target for lung cancer patients, and new diagnostic or therapeutic strategies could be developed by targeting the miR‐96‐LMO7 axis.
The bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 triggers growth arrest and apoptosis in testicular germ cell tumoursin vitroandin vivo
Authors: Jostes Sina , Nettersheim Daniel , Fellermeyer Martin , Schneider Simon , Hafezi François , Honecker Friedemann , Schumacher Valerie , Geyer Matthias , Kristiansen Glen , Schorle Hubert 
Published: December 2016

AbstractType II testicular germ cell cancers (TGCT) are the most frequently diagnosed tumours in young men (20–40 years) and are classified as seminoma or non‐seminoma. TGCTs are commonly treated by orchiectomy and chemo‐ or radiotherapy. However, a subset of metastatic non‐seminomas (embryonal carcinomas) displays only incomplete remission or relapse and requires novel treatment options. Recent studies have shown effective application of the small‐molecule inhibitor JQ1 in tumour therapy, which interferes with the function of ‘bromodomain and extraterminal (BET)’ proteins. JQ1‐treated TGCT cell lines display up‐regulation of genes indicative for DNA damage and cellular stress response and induce cell cycle arrest. Embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines, which presented as JQ1 sensitive, display down‐regulation of pluripotency factors and induction of mesodermal differentiation. In contrast, seminoma‐like TCam‐2 cells tolerated higher JQ1 concentrations and were resistant to differentiation. ECs xenograftedin vivoshowed a reduction in tumour size, proliferation rate and angiogenesis in response to JQ1. Finally, the combination of JQ1 and the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin allowed for lower doses and less frequent application, compared with monotherapy. Thus, we propose that JQ1 in combination with romidepsin may serve as a novel therapeutic option for (mixed) TGCTs.
Good Samaritans vs. Hardliners: the Role of Credible Signalling in Greek Bailout Negotiations
Authors: Hennessy Alexandra 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we model the interactions between Greece and its creditors as a costly signalling game. The main argument is that a costly exchange of information can improve the recipient's incentives to comply with conditionality. If creditors can credibly signal that suspending financial assistance is a viable option, they will be able to extract concessions from the recipient. Conversely, if the feasibility of the outside option is in doubt, threats to withhold financial support will be toothless. Our contribution is to highlight the role of information exchanges during crisis bargaining. Such signalling mechanisms are central to understanding the outcomes of the Greek debt drama, but are absent from existing accounts.
Neuroglobin protects astroglial cells from hydrogen peroxide‐induced oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death
Authors: Amri Fatma , Ghouili Ikram , Amri Mohamed , Carrier Alice , Masmoudi‐Kouki Olfa 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOxidative stress, resulting from accumulation of reactive oxygen species, plays a critical role in astroglial cell death occurring in diverse neuropathological conditions. Numerous studies indicate that neuroglobin (Ngb) promotes neuron survival, but nothing is known regarding the action of Ngb in astroglial cell survival. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential glioprotective effect of Ngb on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in cultured mouse astrocytes. Incubation of cells with subnanomolar concentrations of Ngb (10−14–10−10 M) was found to prevent both H2O2‐evoked reduction in surviving cells number and accumulation of reactive oxygen species in a concentration‐dependent manner. Furthermore, Ngb treatment abolishes H2O2‐induced increase in mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates. Concomitantly, Ngb treatment rescues H2O2‐associated reduced expression of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutases and catalase) and prevents the stimulation of the expression of pro‐inflammatory genes (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase‐2, and interleukin (IL) IL‐6 and IL‐33). Moreover, Ngb blocks the stimulation of Bax (pro‐apoptotic) and the inhibition of Bcl‐2 (anti‐apoptotic) gene expression induced by H2O2, which in turn abolishes caspase 3 activation. The protective effect of Ngb upon H2O2 induced activation of caspase 3 activity and cell death can be accounted for by activation of protein kinase A and mitogen‐activated protein kinase transduction cascade. Finally, we demonstrate that Ngb increases Akt phosphorylation and prevents H2O2‐provoked inhibition of ERK and Akt phosphorylation. Taken together, these data demonstrate for the first time that Ngb is a glioprotective agent that prevents H2O2‐induced oxidative stress and apoptotic astroglial cell death. Protection of astrocytes from oxidative insult may thus contribute to the neuroprotective effect of Ngb.
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Endo‐lysosomal and autophagic dysfunction: a driving factor in Alzheimer's disease?
Authors: Whyte Lauren S. , Lau Adeline A. , Hemsley Kim M. , Hopwood John J. , Sargeant Timothy J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, and its prevalence will increase significantly in the coming decades. Although important progress has been made, fundamental pathogenic mechanisms as well as most hereditary contributions to the sporadic form of the disease remain unknown. In this review, we examine the now substantial links between AD pathogenesis and lysosomal biology. The lysosome hydrolyses and processes cargo delivered by multiple pathways, including endocytosis and autophagy. The endo‐lysosomal and autophagic networks are central to clearance of cellular macromolecules, which is important given there is a deficit in clearance of amyloid‐β in AD. Numerous studies show prominent lysosomal dysfunction in AD, including perturbed trafficking of lysosomal enzymes and accumulation of the same substrates that accumulate in lysosomal storage disorders. Examination of the brain in lysosomal storage disorders shows the accumulation of amyloid precursor protein metabolites, which further links lysosomal dysfunction with AD. This and other evidence leads us to hypothesise that genetic variation in lysosomal genes modifies the disease course of sporadic AD.
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Roles of p62 in BDNF‐dependent autophagy suppression and neuroprotection against mitochondrial dysfunction in rat cortical neurons
Authors: Wu Chia‐Lin , Chen Chien‐Hui , Hwang Chi‐Shin , Chen Shang‐Der , Hwang Wei‐Chao , Yang Ding‐I 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPreviously, we have reported that pre‐conditioning of primary rat cortical neurons with brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may exert neuroprotective effects against 3‐nitropropionic acid (3‐NP), a mitochondrial complex II inhibitor. However, the underlying mechanisms, especially potential involvements of autophagy, remain elusive. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that BDNF may suppress 3‐NP‐induced autophagy to exert its neuroprotective effects by inducing the expression of p62/sequestosome‐1 in primary cortical neurons. We found that 3‐NP increased total level of microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B‐light chain (LC)‐3 as well as the LC3‐II/LC3‐I ratio, an index of autophagy, in primary cortical neurons. BDNF decreased LC3‐II/LC3‐I ratio and time‐dependently induced expression of p62. Knockdown of p62 by siRNA restored LC3‐II/LC3‐I ratio and increased total LC3 levels associated with BDNF exposure; p62 knockdown also abolished BDNF‐dependent neuroprotection against 3‐NP. Upstream of p62, we found that BDNF triggered phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its downstream mediator p70S6K; importantly, the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin reduced both BDNF‐dependent p62 induction as well as 3‐NP resistance. BDNF is known to induce c‐Jun in cortical neurons. We found that c‐Jun knockdown in part attenuated BDNF‐mediated p62 induction, whereas p62 knockdown had no significant effects on c‐Jun expression. In addition to suppressing p62 induction, rapamycin also partially suppressed BDNF‐induced c‐Jun expression, but c‐Jun knockdown failed to affect mTOR activation. Together, our results suggested that BDNF inhibits 3‐NP‐induced autophagy via, at least in part, mTOR/c‐Jun‐dependent induction of p62 expression, together contributing to neuroprotection against mitochondrial inhibition.
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Screening for cervical carcinoma in HIV‐infected women: Analysis of main risk factors for cervical cytologic abnormalities
Authors: Sansone Matilde , Saccone Gabriele , Migliucci Annalisa , Saviano Rosa , Capone Angela , Maruotti Giuseppe Maria , Bruzzese Dario , Martinelli Pasquale 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to identify potential predictive factors for cervical disease in women with HIV and to evaluate adherence during follow‐up to cervical cancer screening.MethodsIn order to identify the independent role of factors associated with the presence of a cervical abnormality, all of the variables showing in univariate analyses a potential association with the outcome variable (presence of cervical abnormalities) were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model, along with age at first visit to our center, and age at diagnosis.ResultsA total of 540 HIV‐positive women who received screening for cervical cancer during the first year after their first visit to our center were included in the analysis; 423 (78.3%) had normal cytology and 117 (21.7%) had cytological abnormalities, classified as follows: 21 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (17.9%); 51 low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (43.6%); 41 high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (35.0%); and four cervical cancers (3.4%). In our study, women with more than two previous pregnancies were significantly associated with a lower risk of cervical cytological abnormalities compared to the other women. Women with CD4+ levels of 200–499/mm3 had a higher risk of developing cervical cytological abnormalities compared to those with a CD4+ level > 500/ mm3.ConclusionIn summary, management of HIV‐positive women must be modeled on HIV‐clinical status, CD4+ cell count, drug regimen, and adherence to follow‐up, relying on the cooperation of highly qualified professionals. In HIV‐positive women, an adequate screening and follow‐up allows for a reduced occurrence of advanced cervical disease and prevents recourse to invalidating surgical interventions.
Pregnancy outcome of gestational diabetes mellitus using a structured model of care : WINGS project (WINGS‐10)
Authors: Uma Ram , Bhavadharini Balaji , Ranjani Harish , Mahalakshmi Manni Mohanraj , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Unnikrishnan Ranjit , Kayal Arivudainambi , Malanda Belma , Belton Anne , Mohan Viswanathan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact of a structured model of care (MOC) prepared for resource‐constrained settings, on the pregnancy outcomes of Asian Indian women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsPregnant women were screened under the Women in India with GDM Strategy (WINGS) MOC for GDM using the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. Women with GDM went through a structured MOC that included medical nutrition therapy (MNT), regular physical activity (PA); and insulin when indicated. Fasting blood glucose and post‐prandial blood sugar were monitored every 2 weeks. The pregnancy outcomes of women with GDM who underwent the MOC were compared with those without GDM.ResultsUnder the MOC, 212 women with GDM were followed through pregnancy, of whom 33 (15.6%) required insulin and 179 (84.4%) were managed with MNT and PA. The maternal and neonatal outcomes of women with GDM were similar to the non‐GDM women: there were no significant differences in pregnancy complications such as cesarean section, macrosomia, pre‐eclampsia, oligo/polyhydramnios, preterm delivery, neonatal death, fetal distress, hyperbilirubinemia and low birthweight.ConclusionImplementation of a structured MOC for women with GDM helped achieve pregnancy outcomes similar to those without GDM.