bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Both Drosophila matrix metalloproteinases have released and membrane-tethered forms but have different substrates
Authors: LaFever Kimberly S. , Wang Xiaoxi , Page-McCaw Patrick , Bhave Gautam , Page-McCaw Andrea 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are extracellular proteases that can cleave extracellular matrix and alter signaling pathways. They have been implicated in many disease states, but it has been difficult to understand the contribution of individual MMPs, as there are over 20 MMPs in vertebrates. The vertebrate MMPs have overlapping substrates, they exhibit genetic redundancy and compensation, and pharmacological inhibitors are non-specific. In contrast, there are only two MMP genes in Drosophila, DmMmp1 and DmMmp2, which makes Drosophila an attractive system to analyze the basis of MMP specificity. Previously, Drosophila MMPs have been categorized by their pericellular localization, as Mmp1 appeared to be secreted and Mmp2 appeared to be membrane-anchored, suggesting that protein localization was the critical distinction in this small MMP family. We report here that products of both genes are found at the cell surface and released into media. Additionally, we show that products of both genes contain GPI-anchors, and unexpectedly, that GPI-anchored MMPs promote cell adhesion when they are rendered inactive. Finally, by using new reagents and assays, we show that the two MMPs cleave different substrates, suggesting that this is the important distinction within this smallest MMP family.
In vitro drug testing based on contractile activity of C2C12 cells in an epigenetic drug model
Authors: Ikeda Kazushi , Ito Akira , Imada Ryusuke , Sato Masanori , Kawabe Yoshinori , Kamihira Masamichi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSkeletal muscle tissue engineering holds great promise for pharmacological studies. Herein, we demonstrated an in vitro drug testing system using tissue-engineered skeletal muscle constructs. In response to epigenetic drugs, myotube differentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells was promoted in two-dimensional cell cultures, but the levels of contractile force generation of tissue-engineered skeletal muscle constructs prepared by three-dimensional cell cultures were not correlated with the levels of myotube differentiation in two-dimensional cell cultures. In contrast, sarcomere formation and contractile activity in two-dimensional cell cultures were highly correlated with contractile force generation of tissue-engineered skeletal muscle constructs. Among the epigenetic drugs tested, trichostatin A significantly improved contractile force generation of tissue-engineered skeletal muscle constructs. Follistatin expression was also enhanced by trichostatin A treatment, suggesting the importance of follistatin in sarcomere formation of muscular tissues. These observations indicate that contractility data are indispensable for in vitro drug screening.
Comparison of proteomic profiles in the zebrafish retina during experimental degeneration and regeneration
Authors: Eastlake Karen , Heywood Wendy E. , Tracey-White Dhani , Aquino Erika , Bliss Emily , Vasta Gerardo R. , Mills Kevin , Khaw Peng T. , Moosajee Mariya , Limb G. Astrid 
Published: March 2017

AbstractZebrafish spontaneously regenerate the retina after injury. Although the gene expression profile has been extensively studied in this species during regeneration, this does not reflect protein function. To further understand the regenerative process in the zebrafish, we compared the proteomic profile of the retina during injury and upon regeneration. Using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and label-free quantitative proteomics (quadrupole time of flight LC-MS/MS), we analysed the retina of adult longfin wildtype zebrafish at 0, 3 and 18 days after Ouabain injection. Gene ontology analysis indicates reduced metabolic processing, and increase in fibrin clot formation, with significant upregulation of fibrinogen gamma polypeptide, apolipoproteins A-Ib and A-II, galectin-1, and vitellogenin-6 during degeneration when compared to normal retina. In addition, cytoskeleton and membrane transport proteins were considerably altered during regeneration, with the highest fold upregulation observed for tubulin beta 2 A, histone H2B and brain type fatty acid binding protein. Key proteins identified in this study may play an important role in the regeneration of the zebrafish retina and investigations on the potential regulation of these proteins may lead to the design of protocols to promote endogenous regeneration of the mammalian retina following retinal degenerative disease.
OEPR Cloning: an Efficient and Seamless Cloning Strategy for Large- and Multi-Fragments
Authors: Liu Chang-Jun , Jiang Hui , Wu Lei , Zhu Ling-Yun , Meng Er , Zhang Dong-Yi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHere, an efficient cloning strategy for large DNA fragments and for simultaneous assembly of multiple DNA fragments assembly is presented. This strategy is named OEPR (based on O verlap E xtension P CR and R ecombination in vivo). OEPR cloning is a seamless, restriction- and ligation-independent method. The method takes advantage of both homologous recombination enzymes in E. coli and overlap PCR. Using OEPR cloning, a long fragment (1–6 kb) or multiple fragments (2–4 fragments) can be easily constructed and simultaneously assembled into a target vector.
Social contagions on interdependent lattice networks
Authors: Shu Panpan , Gao Lei , Zhao Pengcheng , Wang Wei , Stanley H. Eugene 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlthough an increasing amount of research is being done on the dynamical processes on interdependent spatial networks, knowledge of how interdependent spatial networks influence the dynamics of social contagion in them is sparse. Here we present a novel non-Markovian social contagion model on interdependent spatial networks composed of two identical two-dimensional lattices. We compare the dynamics of social contagion on networks with different fractions of dependency links and find that the density of final recovered nodes increases as the number of dependency links is increased. We use a finite-size analysis method to identify the type of phase transition in the giant connected components (GCC) of the final adopted nodes and find that as we increase the fraction of dependency links, the phase transition switches from second-order to first-order. In strong interdependent spatial networks with abundant dependency links, increasing the fraction of initial adopted nodes can induce the switch from a first-order to second-order phase transition associated with social contagion dynamics. In networks with a small number of dependency links, the phase transition remains second-order. In addition, both the second-order and first-order phase transition points can be decreased by increasing the fraction of dependency links or the number of initially-adopted nodes.
Chromatin modification contributes to the expression divergence of three TaGS2 homoeologs in hexaploid wheat
Authors: Zhang Wei , Fan Xiaoli , Gao Yingjie , Liu Lei , Sun Lijing , Su Qiannan , Han Jie , Zhang Na , Cui Fa , Ji Jun , Tong Yiping , Li Junming 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPlastic glutamine synthetase (GS2) is responsible for ammonium assimilation. The reason that TaGS2 homoeologs in hexaploid wheat experience different selection pressures in the breeding process remains unclear. TaGS2 were minimally expressed in roots but predominantly expressed in leaves, and TaGS2-B had higher expression than TaGS2-A and TaGS2-D. ChIP assays revealed that the activation of TaGS2-B expression in leaves was correlated with increased H3K4 trimethylation. The transcriptional silencing of TaGS2 in roots was correlated with greater cytosine methylation and less H3K4 trimethylation. Micrococcal nuclease and DNase I accessibility experiments indicated that the promoter region was more resistant to digestion in roots than leaves, which indicated that the closed nucleosome conformation of the promoter region was important to the transcription initiation for the spatial-temporal expression of TaGS2. In contrast, the transcribed regions possess different nuclease accessibilities of three TaGS2 homoeologs in the same tissue, suggesting that nucleosome conformation of the transcribed region was part of the fine adjustment of TaGS2 homoeologs. This study provides evidence that histone modification, DNA methylation and nuclease accessibility coordinated the control of the transcription of TaGS2 homoeologs. Our results provided important evidence that TaGS2-B experienced the strongest selection pressures during the breeding process.
Effect of hydro-oleophobic perfluorocarbon chain on interfacial behavior and mechanism of perfluorooctane sulfonate in oil-water mixture
Authors: Meng Pingping , Deng Shubo , Du Ziwen , Wang Bin , Huang Jun , Wang Yujue , Yu Gang , Xing Baoshan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPerfluorocarbon chain of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is not only hydrophobic but also oleophobic, and its effect on PFOS distribution in oil-water mixture and underlying mechanism are unclear. For the first time, we propose that PFOS can emulsify oil-water mixture only in the presence of air, completely different from hydrocarbon surfactants. The perfluorocarbon chain repels hydrophobic compounds and its oleophobicity increases with decreasing polarity of organic solvents. The formed emulsion in oil phase contains high concentrations of PFOS, resulting in PFOS decrease in water. The increase of shaking speed and time as well as oil and air volume all increase the emulsification and decrease PFOS concentrations in water. During the settling process, the emulsion gradually disappears and the concentrated PFOS is released into water. The emulsification mechanism of PFOS based on air bubbles is proposed, and PFOS partitions to the interfaces of air bubbles with the hydro-oleophobic perfluorocarbon chain stretching into air bubbles and the polar head in water. This study clarifies the ambiguous understanding of the oleophobicity of perfluorocarbon chain in PFOS, and it is helpful for the understanding of the transport and fate of PFOS at oil-water interfaces in aquatic environments as well as the enhanced removal of PFOS from wastewater.
Interplay of myosin phosphatase and protein phosphatase-2A in the regulation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase phosphorylation and nitric oxide production
Authors: Bátori Róbert , Bécsi Bálint , Nagy Dénes , Kónya Zoltán , Hegedűs Csaba , Bordán Zsuzsanna , Verin Alexander , Lontay Beáta , Erdődi Ferenc 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe inhibitory phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) at Thr497 (eNOSpThr497) by protein kinase C or RhoA-activated kinase is a major regulatory determinant of eNOS activity. The signalling mechanisms involved in the dephosphorylation of eNOSpThr497 have not yet been clarified. This study identifies myosin phosphatase (MP) holoenzyme consisting of protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit (PP1c) and MP target subunit-1 (MYPT1) as an eNOSpThr497 phosphatase. In support of this finding are: (i) eNOS and MYPT1 interacts in various endothelial cells (ECs) and in in vitro binding assays (ii) MYPT1 targets and stimulates PP1c toward eNOSpThr497 substrate (iii) phosphorylation of MYPT1 at Thr696 (MYPT1pThr696) controls the activity of MP on eNOSpThr497. Phosphatase inhibition suppresses both NO production and transendothelial resistance (TER) of ECs. In contrast, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) signals ECs via the 67 kDa laminin-receptor (67LR) resulting in protein kinase A dependent activation of protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A). PP2A dephosphorylates MYPT1pThr696 and thereby stimulates MP activity inducing dephosphorylation of eNOSpThr497 and the 20 kDa myosin II light chains. Thus an interplay of MP and PP2A is involved in the physiological regulation of EC functions implying that an EGCG dependent activation of these phosphatases leads to enhanced NO production and EC barrier improvement.
Beneficial effects of paeoniflorin on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high-fat diet in rats
Authors: Ma Zhihong , Chu Li , Liu Hongying , Wang Weijie , Li Jieru , Yao Wenzao , Yi Jianfeng , Gao Yue 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent form of chronic liver diseases. This study sought to evaluate the insulin-sensitizing effect of paeoniflorin (PF) on high-fat diet-induced NAFLD and possible molecular mechanisms. Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks to establish the NAFLD model, and PF (20 mg/kg/d) was gavaged to the NAFLD rats for another four weeks. Our results demonstrated that HFD resulted in hepatocellular ballooning, micro-/macrovesicular steatosis, and oxidative stress in the liver, accompanied by increased serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. PF treatment improved the biochemical and histopathological changes in NAFLD rats. Moreover, we also found that PF could inhibit lipid ectopic deposition via regulating lipid metabolism (inhibiting lipid synthesis of cholesterol and de novo pathway), and exert insulin sensitizing effect by regulating the insulin signaling pathway IRS/Akt/GSK3β and anti-oxidation. The study findings suggest that PF has therapeutic potential against NAFLD and that it acts through multiple signaling pathways.
Quality of Life and Fitness in Children and Adolescents with Epilepsy (EpiFit)
Authors: Hagn Claudia , Walch Romana , Baumann Matthias , Haberlandt Edda , Frühwirth Martin , Rostasy Kevin , Rauchenzauner Markus 
Published: March 2017

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with idiopathic epilepsy compared with a healthy matched control group.
Methods In this study, 107 children conducted a 6-minute walk test, anthropometric parameters were measured, and HRQoL was assessed using a standardized questionnaire (KINDL-R). Children were divided into two groups: (1) the patient group (n = 48) and (2) the healthy control group (n = 59).
Results HRQoL of children with focal epilepsy was greater when compared with healthy children and children with generalized epilepsy. A significant association could be demonstrated for the 6-minute walk distance and mental wellbeing in children with epilepsy but not in healthy children. Furthermore, a negative correlation between the HRQoL and the amount of time spent in front of TV and computer in children with epilepsy and healthy children was seen. In children with focal epilepsy, a significant negative correlation could be shown between school sport and mental wellbeing as well as between school sport and self-esteem.
Conclusion HRQoL in children with idiopathic epilepsy is significantly associated with physical fitness and might be positively influenced by an adequate education of patients and parents, a reduction of consumption of computer and TV in combination with age- and disease-adapted physical activity and sports.
Strategy use in English-to-Chinese simultaneous interpreting
Authors: Han Chao , Chen Sijia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The study reported here attempts to describe and explore possible patterns of strategy use in English-to-Chinese simultaneous interpreting (SI) of fast-delivery and accented speeches, drawing upon a subset of empirical data generated from a larger experimental study (see Han & Riazi 2016). A paralleled text analysis of source speeches and transcripts of interpretations indicates that the interpreters developed a deep repertoire of interpreting strategies, but utilized strategies of syntactic transformation and of substitution most frequently across different speeches. They also employed strategy clusters, a sequential combination of strategies, to cope with complex source-text segments. In addition, the speech rate affected the use of the two prominent strategies (i.e., syntactic transformation and substitution) considerably, whereas the accent did not. These results are explained and their implications for interpreter training are also discussed.
The Effects of Exposure to Different Social Robots on Attitudes toward Preferences
Authors: Vlachos Evgenios , Jochum Elizabeth , Demers Louis-Philippe 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe present results of a quasi-experimental study investigating how user preference might change after direct interaction with two different types of robot regarding morphology and affordances: a machine-like that interacts through touch, and a human-like that interacts verbally. The study was performed in an art exhibition setting, where visitors had the opportunity to interact with the robots voluntarily, and were asked to fill out questionnaires before and after the experience. Post interactions, visitors preferred to touch the machine-like “hard” robot despite initial stated preference for soft materials, preferred mutual contact despite initial preference of subject to initiate touch, and preferred communication with a robot that could touch rather than initial preference for a robot that could “see”. Overall, users showed a significant constant preference for the machine-like robot, reportedly feeling a stronger connection with it than with the human-like one as it met their expectations, and they found its movements more appealing. Social conditioning can render people reluctant to touch a robot with very human-like appearance, and set the expectations for interaction too high to meet. Our results, lastly, indicate that interaction with more than one type of social robot can affect the interaction experience for each of the robots.
Exact Soliton Solutions for the (2+1)-Dimensional Coupled Higher-Order Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations in Birefringent Optical-Fiber Communication*
Authors: Cai Yue-Jin , Bai Cheng-Lin , Luo Qing-Long 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

In birefringent optical fibers, the propagation of femtosecond soliton pulses is described by coupled higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations. In this paper, we will investigate the bright and dark soliton solutions of (2+1)-dimensional coupled higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations, with the aid of symbolic computation and the Hirota method. On the basis of soliton solutions, we test and discuss the interactions graphically between the solitons in the x-z, x-t, and z-t planes.
Which causal structures might support a quantum–classical gap?
Authors: Pienaar Jacques 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
A causal scenario is a graph that describes the cause and effect relationships between all relevant variables in an experiment. A scenario is deemed ‘not interesting’ if there is no device-independent way to distinguish the predictions of classical physics from any generalised probabilistic theory (including quantum mechanics). Conversely, an interesting scenario is one in which there exists a gap between the predictions of different operational probabilistic theories, as occurs for example in Bell-type experiments. Henson, Lal and Pusey (HLP) recently proposed a sufficient condition for a causal scenario to not be interesting. In this paper we supplement their analysis with some new techniques and results. We first show that existing graphical techniques due to Evans can be used to confirm by inspection that many graphs are interesting without having to explicitly search for inequality violations. For three exceptional cases—the graphs numbered

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15
,
16
,
20

in HLP—we show that there exist non-Shannon type entropic inequalities that imply these graphs are interesting. In doing so, we find that existing methods of entropic inequalities can be greatly enhanced by conditioning on the specific values of certain variables.
Does electronic stewardship work?
Authors: Lambl Barbara B , Kaufman Nathan , Kurowski Janice , O’Neill W , Buckley Jr Frederick , Duram Maureen , Swartz Barbara , Phillips Duncan , Rein Mitchell , Rubin Marc 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Faced with national requirements to promote antimicrobial stewardship and reduce drug-resistant infections, community hospitals are challenged to make the best use of existing resources. Eighteen months after building antibiotic decision support into our electronic order platform, high-risk antibiotic use decreased by 83% (P &lt; .001) at our community hospital. Hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infections declined 24% (P = .07).
Representation of occupational information across resources and validation of the occupational data for health model
Authors: Rajamani Sripriya , Chen Elizabeth S , Lindemann Elizabeth , Aldekhyyel Ranyah , Wang Yan , Melton Genevieve B 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Reports by the National Academy of Medicine and leading public health organizations advocate including occupational information as part of an individual’s social context. Given recent National Academy of Medicine recommendations on occupation-related data in the electronic health record, there is a critical need for improved representation. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has developed an Occupational Data for Health (ODH) model, currently in draft format. This study aimed to validate the ODH model by mapping occupation-related elements from resources representing recommendations, standards, public health reports and surveys, and research measures, along with preliminary evaluation of associated value sets. All 247 occupation-related items across 20 resources mapped to the ODH model. Recommended value sets had high variability across the evaluated resources. This study demonstrates the ODH model’s value, the multifaceted nature of occupation information, and the critical need for occupation value sets to support clinical care, population health, and research.
Evaluating Boxwood Susceptibility to Calonectria pseudonaviculata Using Cuttings from the National Boxwood Collection
Authors: Shishkoff Nina , Daughtrey Margery , Aker Scott , Olsen Richard T. 
Published: March 2017

Accessions in the National Boxwood Collection of the U.S. National Arboretum were inoculated with Calonectria pseudonaviculata in order to determine susceptibility to boxwood blight as part of longer-term evaluations of whole plants. Terminal unrooted cuttings were inoculated with C. pseudonaviculata and symptoms rated. Cuttings showed a wide range in susceptibility. There were significant differences in percent diseased leaves and percent defoliation among the 42 species and cultivars. Cuttings of some Buxus sempervirens cultivars were among those with the highest percent diseased leaves, with eight cultivars showing as much disease as B. sempervirens ‘Suffruticosa’: ‘Scupi’, ‘Pendula’, ‘Rotundifolia’, ‘Denmark’, ‘Handsworthiensis’, ‘Northland’, ‘Arborescens’, and ‘Northern New York’. All others showed significantly less disease, as measured by percent diseased leaves. A number of accessions were contrasted to the less susceptible B. sinica var. insularis ‘Pincushion’ and showed a similarly low level of disease: Buxus ‘Green Ice’, B. sempervirens ‘Decussata’, B. sinica var. insularis ‘Wintergreen’, Buxus, sp. (57950*H), Buxus ‘Green Mound’, B. sinica var. insularis ‘Winter Beauty’, and B. microphylla var. japonica ‘Winter Gem’. A diverse array of germplasm is available in the genus Buxus, and identifying acceptable levels of disease tolerance in cultivars that represent this diversity will contribute to its continued use in ornamental landscapes. Accepted 25 December 2014. Published 26 January 2015.
Referring patients to hospice or palliative care
Authors: Broglio Kathleen , Walsh Anne 
Published: March 2017

Abstract:
NPs care for patients with chronic diseases such as heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, and dementia. As the disease progresses or patients age, disease-related symptoms may become increasingly burdensome, and these patients may benefit from hospice or palliative care. NPs can guide individuals in this process to optimize care and support at the end of life.