bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of four methods for predicting difficult intubation
Authors: F Javaher Foroosh Zadeh , Sara Safaii 
Published: June 2016

Confirmation of endotracheal tube appointment is of critical importance, since unrecognized esophageal intubation can be rapidly lethal (death, brain damage). The aim of our study was to compare four different methods for prediction of difficult intubation: Mallampati, Thyro-mental distance, ULBT (Upper Lip Bite Test), and Inter incisicor gap. In a prospective study, 448 patients with a mean age of 53.5 who were scheduled for elective surgery were selected randomly and enrolled. Before induction of anesthesia, the airways were assessed by Mallampati test, Thyro mental distance, Upper lip bit test(ULBT) and Inter incisor gap. Laryngoscopic view according to the Cormack and Lehane grading system was determined after induction of anesthesia and Grades 3 and 4 defined as “difficult intubation.” Degree of observed difficulty of intubation was compared to predicted values. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and accuracy of these tests and their combinations with the ULBT were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16. Data were analysis by using Fishers exact and McNemar's test, and a Pvalue. <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The prevalence of difficult intubation Cormack-Lehane in this study was 8.4%, Mallampati test had the highest sensitivity (47.3%) and Thyro-mental distance was most specific (96%). The ULBT (upper lip bite tests) had most positive and negative predictive value (37.9% & 93. 5%).Data also showed that power of these tests in predicting easy intubation is more than their ability in assessing the likelihood of difficult intubation. There was no significant difference regarding difficult intubation based on gender (P < 0.05), whereas there were significant differences between the older tests and laryngeal view (P < 0.05, Mc-Nemar test). Despite the validity of MMP, TMD, ULBT and IIG in predicting easy intubation is much greater than the value in prediction of difficult intubation; however, the simplicity of performing these tests and results of the four tests in evaluating patients before surgery by combination of tests in predicting difficult intubation will likely safe. It seems that best results are from applying combined test than a single one.
Epidemiological study on tuberculosis patients in Ahvaz East Center during 2009- 2013
Authors: Karami* Khodabakhsh , Harmooshi Narges Nazari , Sharifi Mehrdad 
Published: June 2016

To study TB incidence trend and its epidemiological aspects in recent years in Ahvaz East Center. As national and international Emphasis for detecting Smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis and eliminate the disease rate and global target internationally to eliminate TB by 2050 based on 1990 rate. In this cross – sectional descriptive-analytic study the records of all TB patients referred to Health centers and preventive diseases units in East of Ahvaz in 5 years (2009-2013) were evaluated. Data were derived from patients' records and entered to check lists and then analyzed using SPSS 17 software. During the studied years a total of 990 cases were reported by all centers and units under cover of Ahwaz Main East Health Center. Among them 232 cases (23.43%) was external pulmonary TB. Male subjects had a higher incidence of 62% compared to females. The age group between 25 - 45 year, was the most affected group. Smear positive rate varied from 58% to 76%. Cure rate in 5 studied years has not too differentiation, was varied 81% to 87%. The results show most affected TB cases in 5 studied years were pulmonary (73-84.5%), this obey the national pattern of the disease. Smear positive rate that varied from 58% to 76% was more than the national rate (53%). Morbidity in centers and units under cover of Ahwaz Main East Health Center was younger age pattern in compare to whole country rate. Incidence rate of TB was higher than national rate.
Bioassay screening of the ethanolic extract of Tithonia diversifolia leaves on selected microorganisms
Authors: T* Anthoney Swamy , K Jackie Obey , Edwin Miyogo , Timothy Lasiti T 
Published: June 2016

The study was conducted to analyze the antibacterial activity of Tithonia diversifolia leaves. The plant was extracted using Ethanol and water in the ratio 9:1. From the study the plant Tithonia diversifolia was found to inhibit the growth of Staphilococcus epidermidis (36.80mm), Enterobacter aerogenes (31.20mm), Streptococcus α-hemolytic (29.60mm), Bacillus cereus (26.2mm), Escherichia coli (10.40mm) and Streptococcus γ-hemolytic (0.000mm)The data collected and documented in this paper is a scientifically justification that the plant can be used to treat against various diseases caused by Staphilococcus epidermidis and Enterobacter aerogenes. However, further studies need to be done to identify the mode of action of the active compounds in the plant.
Integrated Nutrient Management for Increasing Growth with Sustainability of Baby Corn
Authors: Singh Gurmeet , Singh Navtej , Kaur* Ramandeep 
Published: June 2016

Field experiment was conducted to study Integrated Nutrient Management for increasing Growth with Sustainability of Baby Corn on sandy loam soils, low in available N, high in available P and K for two consecutive kharif seasons of 2014 and 2015. The experiment was laid down in randomized block design having seven treatments i.e. T1= Control, T2= 100 per cent recommended dose of N, T3 = 5 tones of FYM + 100 kg inorganic N ha-1, T4= 10 tonne of FYM + 75kg inorganic N ha-1, T5= 15tonne of FYM + 50 kg inorganic N ha-1, T6= 20tonne of FYM + 25 kg inorganic N ha-1, T7= 25 tonne of FYM ha-1 replicated four times. Significant increase in all growth parameters of baby corn was observed with Integrated Nutrient Management over control. Moreover, among nutrient management treatments, the integration of 5 tonne of FYM with 100 kg of inorganic N ha-1 came out to be the best for all growth characters viz. plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation.
Feasibility of an Immersive Virtual Reality Intervention for Hospitalized Patients: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Mosadeghi Sasan , Reid Mark William , Martinez Bibiana , Rosen Bradley Todd , Spiegel Brennan Mason Ross 
Published: June 2016

Background
Virtual reality (VR) offers immersive, realistic, three-dimensional experiences that “transport” users to novel environments. Because VR is effective for acute pain and anxiety, it may have benefits for hospitalized patients; however, there are few reports using VR in this setting.

Objective
The aim was to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of VR in a diverse cohort of hospitalized patients.

Methods
We assessed the acceptability and feasibility of VR in a cohort of patients admitted to an inpatient hospitalist service over a 4-month period. We excluded patients with motion sickness, stroke, seizure, dementia, nausea, and in isolation. Eligible patients viewed VR experiences (eg, ocean exploration; Cirque du Soleil; tour of Iceland) with Samsung Gear VR goggles. We then conducted semistructured patient interview and performed statistical testing to compare patients willing versus unwilling to use VR.

Results
We evaluated 510 patients; 423 were excluded and 57 refused to participate, leaving 30 participants. Patients willing versus unwilling to use VR were younger (mean 49.1, SD 17.4 years vs mean 60.2, SD 17.7 years; P=.01); there were no differences by sex, race, or ethnicity. Among users, most reported a positive experience and indicated that VR could improve pain and anxiety, although many felt the goggles were uncomfortable.

Conclusions
Most inpatient users of VR described the experience as pleasant and capable of reducing pain and anxiety. However, few hospitalized patients in this “real-world” series were both eligible and willing to use VR. Consistent with the “digital divide” for emerging technologies, younger patients were more willing to participate. Future research should evaluate the impact of VR on clinical and resource outcomes.

ClinicalTrial
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02456987; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02456987 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6iFIMRNh3)
In Vitro Fertilizability of Oocytes Using Fresh, Frozen and Epididymal Spermatozoa from Crossbred Bulls in the Tropics
Authors: Vettical Binoy S 
Published: June 2016

The objective of the study was to examine the fertilizability of bovine follicular oocytes from abattoir ovaries using fresh, frozen and epididymal spermatozoa from crossbred bulls in the tropics. Oocytes were cultured in maturation media TCM-199 containing 25mM HEPES, 1mM glutamine L, 2.2mg/mL sodium bicarbonate, antibiotics, 22 µg/mL pyruvate, 1µg/mL estradiol-17β, 0.5µg/mL FSH and 0.06 IU hCG and supplemented with 20% heat inactivated estrus cow serum (serum collected in early estrum) at 39oC temperature, 5% CO2 tension with maximum humidity for 24 hours. Oocytes with maximum cumulus expansion were used for in vitro fertilization. Fresh, frozen and epididymal semen from crossbred bulls was used for in vitro fertilization as treatment 1(n =1690), treatment 2(n = 1620) and treatment 3(n = 1710) respectively. Control group of oocytes (1680) were treated in the same protocol along with each treatment group of oocytes in separate in vitro fertilization drop without sperm injection. The in vitro fertilization medium consisted of Fert-TALP medium supplemented with 1µM epinephrine, 10µM hypotaurine, 20µM pencillamine and 0.56µg/ml heparin. Culture conditions set for IVF were 39oC temperature, 5% CO2 tension with maximum humidity. Oocytes showing sperm penetration evidence like presence of enlarged sperm head, male pronuclei with its accompanying sperm tail in the cytoplasm, oocytes with two pronuclei and a clear second polar body but without a sperm tail were considered as fertilized. None of the oocytes in control group showed cleavage due to parthenogenetic activation. Significantly higher results of fertilization rate (p<0.05) were observed when oocytes inseminated with epididymal spermatozoa than fresh ejaculated semen followed by frozen semen.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(2): 166-171
Growth and Productivity of Different Cultivars of Rice Under Nutrient Expert© and Other Fertilizer Management Practices at Lamjung
Authors: Gaire Achyut , Koirala Samjhana , Shrestha Ram Kumar , Amgain Lal Prasad 
Published: June 2016

Rice is an important world leading cereal crop grown extensively in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. However, its productivity is constrained by a number of problems. Currently, cereal yields are only 40 to 65% of their potential, mostly because nutrient management does not consider crop’s dynamic response to the environment and site specific nutrition management. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted on farmer’s field at Lamjung, Sundarbazar and Bhoteodar using Nutrient Expert® rice model from July 2015 to November 2015. Four replications of 5 treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design. Five treatments were Nutrient Expert recommendation (NE hybrid), Government recommendation (GR hybrid), NE improved, GR improved and Farmers field practice (FFP). The result revealed significant difference in terms of plant height, panicle weight, filled grain/panicle, straw yield, grain yield at 15.5% moisture, biological yield and sterility %.The highest yield (7.362tonha-1) was obtained from NE hybrid field which was followed by GR hybrid (6.12tonha-1), NE improved (5.20tonha-1), FFP (4.76tonha-1) and GR improved (4.70tonha-1). While comparing Nutrient Expert® (NE) estimation for attainable rice yield with actual rice yield from the farmer field trial; NE-based fertilizer recommendations proved to be successful in reaching the yield targets estimated by the software. The actual rice yields recorded in farmer fields were higher than the NE estimated attainable yields, so NE recommendation was found better over GR and FFP. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(2): 178-182
Comparative Advantage of Keyhole Right Flank Laparotomy and Ventral Midline Celiotomy for Ovariohysterectomy in Bitches
Authors: Acharya Mohan , Sah Manoj Kumar , Singh Dinesh Kumar , Singh Subir , Dhakal Santosh 
Published: June 2016

The objective was to compare the relative advantage of adopting two ovariohysterectomy techniques: keyhole right flank laparotomy or ventral midline celiotomy, for ovariohysterectomy in bitches. Clinically healthy non pregnant bitches (n = 20; 2 ± 0.5 year age; 25 ± 5 kg weight) were used for the study. Bitches were randomly divided into two groups: group A (n = 10) bitches were ovariohysterectomized adopting keyhole right flank laparotomy, whereas in group B (n = 10) bitches were ovariohysterectomized adopting ventral midline celiotomy. Time required for completion of surgery, and length of suturing materials required was recorded, blood hematology and fibrinogen levels were analyzed, and post-operative wound healing was monitored. Length of chromic cat gut No. 1-0 (Ethicon; P < 0.01), and vicryl No. 3-0 (Ethicon; P < 0.001) used was more in ventral midline celiotomy compared with keyhole right flank laparotomy; however, similar length of chromic cat gut No. 2-0 (Ethicon; P = 0.47) was used in both the surgical techniques. Longer time (P < 0.001) was required to complete surgical procedure following ventral midline celiotomy compared with keyhole right flank laparotomy. Blood packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, monocytes, and fibrinogen levels were statistically similar between the two surgical techniques. Wound healing was better in keyhole right flank laparotomy compared with ventral midline celiotomy. Conclusion: Keyhole right flank laparotomy required less time for surgery, less suturing materials and better wound healing compared with ventral midline celiotomy for ovariohysterectomy in bitches. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(2): 198-202
Entre mémoire et politique : Bouvines revisité à sept cents ans de distance
Authors: Calagué Antoine 
Published: June 2016

Antoine Calagué, Between Memory and Politics : Bouvines Revisited Seven Hundred Years Later.
The famous battle of Bouvines is in 1914 the object of commemorative ceremonies for its seventh centenary. Various patriotic ceremonies are organized, the most important of which being held in Bouvines. It is the mayor of the village, archetype of the notability, who organizes it. His Catholicism and his royalism can be found at certain levels, but he is forced to make up whith a Republic that has just voted the Church and State Separation Law. The commemoration of the battle is thus the opportunity for a new fight, this time with symbols. The luncheons, the festivals, the shouting consensus, it is not however neutral. Moreover to national stakes are superimposed local stakes with the will to create a patrimony in order to claim the monopoly on the memory of the battle. Finally, these commemorations offer some groups highly committed to producing an extensive literature (press, monographies, essays) the opportunity to indulge in a nationalist reading of the battle. The Germanophobia that is thus kept alive produces cohesion, because, for a whole section of the right the common and unique enemy is the German.
Réseau urbain et distribution des tribunaux royaux ordinaires dans la généralité d'Amiens (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècle)
Authors: Engrand Charles 
Published: June 2016

Charles Engrand, Urban Network and Distribution of the Ordinary Royal Tribunals in the Amiens Généralité (XVIIIth-XVIIIth centuries).
The Amiens généralité represented only a part of the intendancy. This latter also included, until 1754, the Artois province, left out of this paper because of its specificity. The ordinary royal tribunals copied the classical judiciary hierarchy in a territory that lacked a local higher court of justice. The number of presidials, established at the very beginning of the institution in the two largest cities, Amiens and Abbeville, had never been altered, in spite of several initiatives. The network of bailiwicks and seneschalsies duplicated that of towns, as this level of judiciary activity was present in all but 4 of the 13 urban areas of the territory here considered. The areas ignored ranked among the least populated, although the importance of the population didn't always constitute the decisive factor in the establishment of these institutions. The presence of the King's justice was still demul- tiplied by the provostships, particularly numerous within the area of competence of the extensive Amiens bailiwick while the establishment of marshalsea and short-robed officers tended to take care of the highway police.
The officers of justice had suffered from a certain discredit because of their multiplication by the royal power, notably during the war of the Augsburg League. Yet, around 1720, the crisis seemed to stabilize and a majority of them were employed in the presidials, the bailiwicks or seneschalsies. Provostships, on the other hand, experienced competence infringements and recruiting difficulties that jeopardized their now threatened survival.
Réseau urbain et hiérarchie militaire : étude sur les effectifs des garnisons en temps de paix dans le Nord de la France au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Clémens-Denys Catherine 
Published: June 2016

Catherine Clémens-Denys, Urban Network and Military Hierarchy : A Study on the Garrison Forces in Peace-time in Northern France in the XVIIIth Century.
In the xvmth century, while the royal army has stabilized, the permanent presence in the towns of northern France of heavily manned garrisons, even in peace-time, has an effect upon the urban hierarchy of the region. The reasons motivating the moving of troops, organized by the Ministry of War, reveal how seriously the army takes into account the economic balance of garrison towns, and also unveil the positive or negative assessment of these towns by the military. The repartition of troops between 1750-1755, 1763-1768 and 1776-1788 show the discrepancies between the military hierarchy of the garrisons and the civilian hierarchy of the towns. For many small or medium-size cities, the relatively high number of troops created a strong dépendance on the army and fashioned an urban culture specific to the border towns.
L'institution des architectes départementaux et municipaux et la concurrence des ingénieurs, en France, au XIXe siècle
Authors: Langlet Anne , Lussien-Maisonneuve Marie-Josèphe 
Published: June 2016

Au cours du XIXe siècle, deux services officiels d'architectes sont installés dans les villes de province. Il s'agit des architectes départementaux et municipaux. Ils sont res- ponsables des chantiers de construction publique, du financement et du style adopté devant l'administration centrale représentée localement par le préfet et à Paris par le conseil général des bâtiments civils créé en 1795, mais durablement mis en place en 1838.
Dans un contexte d'agrandissement et de grands travaux urbains, des ingénieurs de formation ont rencontré les conditions d'un épanouissement professionnel au sein de ces institutions, particulièrement dans le cadre de grandes communes comme Lille ou Arras.
Le prince-évêque de Liège et les comtes de Hainaut des maisons d'Avesnes et Wittelsbach (1247-1433). Un marché de dupes quasi permanent
Authors: Marchandisse Alain 
Published: June 2016

Alain Marchandise, De prinsbisschop van Luik en de graven van Henegouwen uit de huizen van Avesnes en Wittelsbach (1247-1433). Een bedrieglijke overeenkomst.
De arresten van de jaren 1071 en 1076 waardoor de graaf van Henegouwen de voornaamste leenman van de bisschop van Luik werd hadden voor de prelaat geen ander positief effect dan het ontstaan van een grotere veiligheidszone aan de grenzen van zijn gebied. In de vroege middeleeuwen bracht de relatie tussen prinsbisschop en graaf vooral profijt voor deze laatste die er echter nooit in slaagde een eigen kandi- daat als prinsbisschop te installerez Hij kon zo zijn graafschap wel aanzienlijk uit- breiden. De graaf haalde het op de bisschop in de loop van de 14de eeuw en scha- kelde diens macht in de 15de eeuw zelfs uit. Voor die oplichting zijn vele verklaringen mogelijk ; twee worden hier behandeld. Als prins van een domein buiten het prinsbisschoppelijk domein was de graaf niet onderworpen aan de Luikse wetten, de prerogatieven van de bisschop, het kerkelijk recht en de Godsvrede ; anderzijds verminderde het belang van de feodaliteit in de staat aanzienlijk vanaf de 14de eeuw.
Improved biocompatibility and efficient labeling of neural stem cells with poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles
Authors: Pongrac Igor M , Dobrivojević Marina , Ahmed Lada Brkić , Babič Michal , Šlouf Miroslav , Horák Daniel , Gajović Srećko 
Published: June 2016

Background: Cell tracking is a powerful tool to understand cellular migration, dynamics, homing and function of stem cell transplants. Nanoparticles represent possible stem cell tracers, but they differ in cellular uptake and side effects. Their properties can be modified by coating with different biocompatible polymers. To test if a coating polymer, poly(L-lysine), can improve the biocompatibility of nanoparticles applied to neural stem cells, poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles were prepared and characterized. We evaluated their cellular uptake, the mechanism of internalization, cytotoxicity, viability and proliferation of neural stem cells, and compared them to the commercially available dextran-coated nanomag®-D-spio nanoparticles.Results: Light microscopy of Prussian blue staining revealed a concentration-dependent intracellular uptake of iron oxide in neural stem cells. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and the calcein acetoxymethyl ester/propidium iodide assay demonstrated that poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles scored better than nanomag®-D-spio in cell labeling efficiency, viability and proliferation of neural stem cells. Cytochalasine D blocked the cellular uptake of nanoparticles indicating an actin-dependent process, such as macropinocytosis, to be the internalization mechanism for both nanoparticle types. Finally, immunocytochemistry analysis of neural stem cells after treatment with poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite and nanomag®-D-spio nanoparticles showed that they preserve their identity as neural stem cells and their potential to differentiate into all three major neural cell types (neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes).Conclusion: Improved biocompatibility and efficient cell labeling makes poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles appropriate candidates for future neural stem cell in vivo tracking studies.
Cubic Functional Equations on Restricted Domains of Lebesgue Measure Zero
Authors: Choi Chang-Kwon , Chung Jaeyoung , Ju Yumin , Rassias John 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLet X be a real normed space, Y a Banach space, and f : X → Y. We prove theUlam–Hyers stability theorem for the cubic functional equationin restricted domains. As an application we consider a measure zero stability problem of the inequalityfor all (x, y) in Γ ⸦ ℝ2 of Lebesgue measure 0.