bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia: An exploratory study on the role of comorbid alcohol and substance use disorders and COMT Val158Met
Authors: Carrà Giuseppe , Nicolini Gabriella , Lax Annamaria , Bartoli Francesco , Castellano Filippo , Chiorazzi Alessia , Gamba Giulia , Bava Mattia , Crocamo Cristina , Papagno Costanza 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo explore whether facial emotion recognition (FER), impaired in both schizophrenia and alcohol and substance use disorders (AUDs/SUDs), is additionally compromised among comorbid subjects, also considering the role of catechol‐O‐methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study, randomly recruiting 67 subjects with a DSM‐IV‐TR diagnosis of schizophrenia, and rigorously assessing AUDs/SUDs and COMT Val158Met polymorphism. FER was assessed using the Ekman 60 Faces Test‐ EK‐60F.ResultsAs a whole, the sample scored significantly lower than normative data on EK‐60F. However, subjects with comorbid AUDs/SUDs did not perform worse on EK‐60F than those without, who had a better performance on EK‐60F if they carried the COMT Val/Met variant.ConclusionsThis study is the first to date examining the impact of AUDs/SUDs and COMT variants on FER in an epidemiologically representative sample of subjects with schizophrenia. Our findings do not suggest an additional impairment from comorbid AUDs/SUDs on FER among subjects with schizophrenia, whilst COMT Val158Met, though based on a limited sample, might have a role just among those without AUDs/SUDs. Based on our results, additional research is needed also exploring differential roles of various substances.
Synergistic effect of l‐ascorbic acid and hyaluronic acid on the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase‐3 and −9 in human chondrocytes
Authors: Huang Teng‐Le , Yang Che‐Hua , Yanai Goichi , Liao Jo‐Yu , Sumi Shoichiro , Yang Kai‐Chiang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractProinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to be involved in the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). New evidence clarifying the correlation between ROS and inflammation has indicated that oxidative stress can up‐regulate inflammatory cytokines. l‐Ascorbic acid (AA), an antioxidant, has been shown to have anti‐inflammatory effects and improve matrix deposition in chondrocytes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA; 100 μg/mL) supplemented with AA (50 μg/mL) on human normal and interleukin‐1 beta‐stimulated (IL‐1β, 10 ng/mL) chondrocytes. HA, AA, and HA + AA treatment did not change cell morphology, viability, proliferation, and glycosaminoglycan production in normal chondrocytes. HA, AA, and HA + AA, by contrast, partially restored viability and morphology of hypertrophic chondrocytes, and HA and HA + AA further decreased the cytotoxicity of IL‐1β. Real‐time PCR revealed that AA and HA + AA had no substantial effects on unstimulated chondrocytes, except for down‐regulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 mRNA levels. For IL‐1β‐stimulated chondrocytes, significant down‐regulation of IL‐1β, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), MMP‐3, and MMP‐9 mRNA expression was found when cells were cultured in HA‐supplemented media. Moreover, HA + AA supplementation further significantly decreased MMP‐3 and MMP‐9 mRNA expression. The protein production of MMP‐3 was decreased, with a significant difference between the HA + AA group and HA group. The antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutases activity were also partially restored in stimulated chondrocytes. HA supplemented with AA modulates MMPs expression and antioxidant fuction in chondrocytes. AA may enhance the anticatabolic effects of HA on OA chondrocytes. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1809–1817, 2018.
An effective thermal therapy against cancer using an E‐jet 3D‐printing method to prepare implantable magnetocaloric mats
Authors: Yang Yikun , Tong Chunyi , Zhong Juchang , Huang Ruiying , Tan Weihong , Tan Zhikai 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMagnetic hyperthermia has been rapidly developed as a potential cancer treatment in recent years. Artificially induced hyperthermia close to a tumor can raise the temperature to 45°C causing tumor cell death. Herein, we introduce a novel method for rapid preparation of anti‐cancer magnetocaloric PCL/Fe3O4 mats capable of high‐performance hyperthermia using E‐jet 3D printing technology. Our 3D printed mats not only maintained the heating efficiency of traditional techniques for magnetic hyperthermia but also prolonged the effective therapy in vivo. When Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were used in mats at a concentration of 6 mmol/L, 0.07 g PCL/Fe3O4 mats were able to increase the temperature peripherally to 45°C under an alternating magnetic field (AMF) within 45 min. Moreover, the reproducibility experiment indicated that the maximum temperature was achieved following repeated heating and cooling cycles. Cell toxicity tests showed a high cell death rate during one treatment cycle. In vivo experiments indicated clear signs of tumor growth inhibitory and prolonged survival time of tumor‐bearing mice after 4 weeks of treatment. The present magnetic mats may be a potential candidate for a novel heat‐generating substrate for localized hyperthermia cancer therapy. Furthermore, the main advantage of such implantable magnetic mats is the local and precise delivery of Fe3O4 NPs, ideal for the hyperthermia treatment of easily accessible tumors. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1827–1841, 2018.
A case of suspected MPO‐ANCA‐related hypertrophic pachymeningitis with atypical presentation
Authors: Koura Tomoyuki , Kita Keiichiro , Konishi Hirofumi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA 66‐year‐old man presented to our emergency department with acute consciousness disorder, headache, and fever. Initial laboratory data indicated a high level of inflammatory reaction. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed a thickening of the right cranial dura mater on T1‐weighted images. We presumed the patient was diagnosed as having myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO‐ANCA)‐related hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP). Acute impaired consciousness without focal signs is an unusual presentation of HP. This treatable disease should be considered as a differential diagnosis when a patient presents with drowsiness and headache.
In vitro characterisation of solid drug nanoparticle compositions of efavirenz in a brain endothelium cell line
Authors: Curley Paul , Giardiello Marco , Liptrott Neill J. , Dickens David , Moss Darren M. , Hobson James J. , Savage Alison C. , McDonald Tom O. , Siccardi Marco , Rannard Steve , Owen Andrew 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe antiretroviral drug efavirenz displays many desirable pharmacokinetic properties such as a long half‐life enabling once daily dosing but suffers from central nervous system safety issues. Various nanotechnologies have been explored to mitigate some of the limitations with efavirenz. While there has been progress in increasing the bioavailability, there has been no attempt to assess the impact of increased exposure to efavirenz on central nervous system safety. The uptake of aqueous and solid drug nanoparticle (SDN) formulations of efavirenz was assessed in the human cerebral microvessel endothelial cells/D3 brain endothelial cell line. The mechanisms of uptake were probed using a panel of transport and endocytosis inhibitors. The cellular accumulation of an efavirenz aqueous solution was significantly reduced by amantadine, but this was not observed with SDNs. The uptake of efavirenz SDNs was reduced by dynasore, but concentrations of the efavirenz aqueous solution were not affected. These data indicate that efavirenz is a substrate for transporters in brain endothelial cells (amantadine is an inhibitor of organic cation transporters 1 and 2), and formation of SDNs may bypass this interaction in favour of a mechanism involving dynamin‐mediated endocytosis.
Gross brain morphology of the armoured catfish Rineloricaria heteroptera, Isbrücker and Nijssen (1976), (Siluriformes: Loricariidae: Loricariinae): A descriptive and quantitative approach
Authors: Angulo Arturo , Langeani Francisco 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe gross morphology of the brain of Rineloricaria heteroptera and its relation to the sensory/behavioural ecology of the species is described and discussed. The sexual and ontogenetic intraspecific variation in the whole brain length and mass, as well as within/between the eight different brain subdivisions volumes, is also examined and discussed. Negative allometry for the whole brain length/mass and relative growth of the telencephalon and optic tecta was observed. Positive allometry was observed for the relative growth of the olfactory bulbs and medulla oblongata. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses did not reveal significant differences in the brain subdivision growth rates among sexes and/or developmental stages, except for the optic tectum and some portions of the medulla oblongata, with juveniles and males showing more developed optic tecta and medullary subdivisions, respectively. The growth rates for each brain subdivision were relatively constant, and the slopes of the growth equations were almost parallel, except for those of the olfactory bulbs and medulla oblongata subdivisions, suggesting some degree of tachyauxesis of subdivisions against the entire brain. The corpus cerebelli was the more voluminous brain subdivision in most specimens (principally adults), followed by the optic tectum (the more voluminous subdivision in juveniles), hypothalamus, and telencephalon, in that order. Differences in the number of lamellae and relative size of the olfactory organ were also detected among developmental stages, which were more numerous and larger in adults. Based on these results, it is possible to infer an ontogenetic shift in the habitat/resource use and behaviour of R. heteroptera. Vision, primarily routed through the optic tectum, could be fundamental in early stages, whereas in adults, olfaction and taste, primarily routed through the olfactory bulbs and medulla oblongata, play more important roles.
Structure of supporting elements in the dorsal fin of percid fishes
Authors: Weickhardt Alexander F. , Feilich Kara L. , Lauder George V. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe dorsal fin is one of the most varied swimming structures in Acanthomorpha, the spiny‐finned fishes. This fin can be present as a single contiguous structure supported by bony spines and soft lepidotrichia, or it may be divided into an anterior, spiny dorsal fin and a posterior, soft dorsal fin. The freshwater fish family Percidae exhibits especially great variation in dorsal fin spacing, including fishes with separated fins of varying gap length and fishes with contiguous fins. We hypothesized that fishes with separated dorsal fins, especially those with large gaps between fins, would have stiffened fin elements at the leading edge of the soft dorsal fin to resist hydrodynamic loading during locomotion. For 10 percid species, we measured the spacing between dorsal fins and calculated the second moment of area of selected spines and lepidotrichia from museum specimens. There was no significant relationship between the spacing between dorsal fins and the second moment of area of the leading edge of the soft dorsal fin.
Raman spectroscopy as a novel method in placental research: Recognizing the pattern of placental hypoxia
Authors: Schlabritz‐Loutsevitch Natalia , Gandhi Kushal , Soydemir Fatimah , Brownbill Paul , Sengar Raghvendra , Ventolini Gary , Bruillard Paul , Gosink Luke 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRaman spectroscopy (RS) is a nonelastic photon scattering technique. We evaluated whether a specific RS pattern exists in fetal venous perfusates obtained at 30‐ to 60‐min intervals from the ex vivo human dual placental perfusion model under hypoxic (n = 6) and normoxic (n = 5) conditions. A stratified principle component and a linear support vector machine analyses showed that the separation between 2 conditions was readily feasible at 60–120 min of perfusion; after this, any apparent differences were most likely the result of artifact overfitting. This report is the first attempt to identify the RS fingerprint associated with placental hypoxia.
Aligned diphenylalanine nanotube–silver nanoparticle templates for high‐sensitivity surface‐enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Almohammed Sawsan , Fedele Stefano , Rodriguez Brian J. , Rice James H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSelf‐assembly offers potential routes for large‐scale, rapid, and cost‐effective surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate designs. Here, a highly sensitive SERS template is reported, which utilizes aligned diphenylalanine nanotubes to form a dense packing arrangement of plasmon‐active silver nanoparticles. The template is stable under high laser illumination with a power density of ~6.25 MW/cm2 in comparison to only silver nanoparticles and enables picomolar and femtomolar probe molecule concentrations to be probed, indicative of single‐molecule SERS detection.
Changes in composition and content of food‐derived peptide in human blood after daily ingestion of collagen hydrolysate for 4 weeks
Authors: Shigemura Yasutaka , Suzuki Asahi , Kurokawa Mihoko , Sato Yoshio , Sato Kenji 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDDaily ingestion of collagen hydrolysate for a long period improves skin and joint conditions. It has been speculated that the beneficial effects are exerted by food‐derived hydroxyproline (Hyp) peptides, which are detected in human blood after single ingestions. In the present study, to investigate the effect of long‐term ingestion of collagen hydrolysate on Hyp peptides profile in blood, the concentrations of Hyp‐peptides in human blood before and after daily ingestion for a long period were examined.RESULTSHyp‐peptides increased to a maximum level at 1 h after ingestion and reverted to their initial levels within 24 h during experimental period. Pro‐Gly and Hyp‐peptides such as Pro‐Hyp‐Gly, Pro‐Hyp, Ile‐Hyp, Leu‐Hyp, Hyp‐Gly, Glu‐Hyp and Ala‐Hyp were identified in the blood after ingestion of collagen hydrolysate at 4.5 g day−1 for 4 weeks. For the whole period, Pro‐Hyp was the leading compound. The compositional rate of Hyp‐Gly showed a tendency to increase, while that of Pro‐Hyp tended to decrease after daily ingestion.CONCLUSIONThe present results indicate that daily ingestion of collagen hydrolysate for a long period can change compositional rate of Hyp peptides in human blood. This fact suggests that long‐term ingestion of collagen hydrolysate might change exo‐ or endo‐type protease activity in the digestive tract, which may consequently promote beneficial effects. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Ecosystem carbon sequestration through restoration of degraded lands in Northeast India
Authors: Brahma Biplab , Pathak Karabi , Lal Rattan , Kurmi Bandana , Das Milon , Nath Panna Chandra , Nath Arun Jyoti , Das Ashesh Kumar 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study evaluated the ecosystem carbon (C) stock and sequestration potential for predominant land uses converted from forest in Northeast India to advance the scientific knowledge and minimize the anthropogenic C emissions from land use change (LUC). Field assessments were conducted on 6 predominant land uses including (a) natural forest (NF), (b) degraded forest (DF), (c) rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantation (RP), (d) Areca (Areca catechu) plantation (ArP), (e) pan (Piper betle)jhum (slash and mulching) agroforestry (PB), and (f)Imperatagrassland (IG) of Northeast India to assess changes in ecosystem C stock with progressive and retrogressive LUC. Ecosystem C stock was the highest for NF (300.5 Mg ha−1) and the lowest under IG (110.4 Mg ha−1). The ecosystem C stock under PB and IG was 11% and 63%, respectively, lower than that under NF. In comparison with DF, the gain in ecosystem C was in the order PB (125%) > RP (99%) > ArP (4%). The ratio of soil organic carbon to ecosystem C stock was ~50% for NF, PB, and RP and that shifted to ~80% for ArP/DF/IG. The LUC and management of DF through PB and RP indicated the ecosystem C sequestration rate of 5 and 4 Mg ha−1 year−1, respectively. Similarly, the ecosystem C sequestration rate was 0.5 and 4 Mg ha−1 year−1, respectively, when IG was converted into ArP and RP. Therefore, restoration of degraded lands (viz., DF and IG) through RP and PB enhanced ecosystem C sequestration rate and reduced CO2emissions from LUC. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clinical Characterization of Genetically Diagnosed Cases of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 12 from India
Authors: Choudhury Supriyo , Chatterjee Sayan , Chatterjee Koustav , Banerjee Rebecca , Humby Jonathan , Mondal Banashree , Anand Sidharth S. , Shubham Shantanu , Kumar Hrishikesh 
Published: September 2017

AbstractView Supplementary Video 1BackgroundSpinocerebellar ataxia type 12 (SCA12) is a rare form of an autosomal‐dominant ataxic disorder associated with an expansion of CAG repeat length. Here, we present a large case series of patients with SCA12 and describe a wide range of typical and rare symptoms.MethodsTwenty‐one consecutive patients with genetically proven SCA12 underwent detailed neurological examination. We assessed clinical characteristics using validated rating scales for evaluating motor features in SCA. Nonmotor symptoms and quality of life were assessed using appropriate, validated scales. Correlations of CAG repeat length with both severity score and age of onset were explored.ResultsThe mean age of onset was 51 years, and most patients were descendants of a single, endogamous Indian community (Agarwal). Tremor was the most common initial presenting symptom (90%). Hand dystonia was present in 14 of 21 patients, and most patients in the cohort presented with gait disturbance. Neuropsychiatric manifestations were common coexisting features. The CAG repeat length was significantly correlated (r = −0.760; P = 0.0001) with early age of onset, but not with disease severity. Tremor affected the quality of life in 18 of 21 patients, because they had difficulty in handling liquids.ConclusionsTremor was the most common, nonataxic symptom at initial presentation in patients with SCA12. Proximal upper limb tremor, typically with high amplitude and low frequency, can raise a strong diagnostic suspicion. Associated hand dystonia was a common coexisting motor feature. Various nonmotor features were also observed in several cases which require therapeutic attention.
Handwriting Analysis in Parkinson's Disease: Current Status and Future Directions
Authors: Thomas Mathew , Lenka Abhishek , Kumar Pal Pramod 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have handwriting abnormalities. Micrographia (abnormally small letter size) is the most commonly reported and easily detectable handwriting abnormality in patients with PD. However, micrographia is perhaps the tip of the iceberg representing the handwriting abnormalities in PD. Digitizing tablet technology, which has evolved over the last 2 decades, has made it possible to study the pressure and kinematic features of handwriting. This has resulted in a surge of studies investigating graphomotor impairment in patients with PD.MethodsThe objectives of this study were to review the evolution of the kinematic analysis of handwriting in PD and to provide an overview of handwriting abnormalities observed in PD along with future directions for research in this field. Articles for review were searched from the PubMed and SCOPUS databases.ResultsDigitizing tablet technologies have resulted in a shift of focus from the analysis of only letter size to the analysis of several kinematic features of handwriting. Studies based on the kinematic analysis of handwriting have revealed that patients with PD may have abnormalities in velocity, fluency, and acceleration in addition to micrographia. The recognition of abnormalities in several kinematic parameters of handwriting has given rise to the term PD dysgraphia. In addition, certain kinematic properties potentially may be helpful in distinguishing PD from other parkinsonian disorders.ConclusionThe journey from micrographia to PD dysgraphia is indeed a paradigm shift. Further research is warranted to gain better insight into the graphomotor impairments in PD and their clinical implications.
Short T2 imaging using a 3D double adiabatic inversion recovery prepared ultrashort echo time cones (3D DIR‐UTE‐Cones) sequence
Authors: Ma Ya‐Jun , Zhu Yanchun , Lu Xing , Carl Michael , Chang Eric Y. , Du Jiang 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo investigate high contrast imaging of short T2 tissues with a three‐dimensional double adiabatic inversion recovery prepared ultrashort echo time Cones (3D DIR‐UTE‐Cones) sequence.MethodsThe sequence used two sequential adiabatic inversion pulses to suppress signals from long T2 tissues, followed by multispoke UTE acquisition to detect signals from short T2 tissues. The two adiabatic inversion pulses are identical with a center frequency located at the water peak, but the spectral width is broad enough to cover both water and fat frequencies. The feasibility of this technique was demonstrated through numerical simulation and phantom studies. Finally, DIR‐UTE‐Cones was applied to three healthy volunteers to image cortical bone, patellar tendon, and Achilles tendon.
was also measured via single‐component exponential fitting.ResultsNumerical simulation suggests that the DIR technique provides perfect nulling of muscle and fat as well as efficient suppression of other long T2 tissues with T1 values between fat and water or those above water. Excellent image contrast can be achieved with DIR‐UTE‐Cones for the short T2 tissues, with fitted
values of 0.28–0.38 ms for cortical bone, 0.56 ± 0.07 ms for the patella tendon, and 0.45 ± 0.06 ms for the Achilles tendon, respectively.ConclusionThe 3D DIR‐UTE‐Cones sequence provides robust suppression of long T2 tissues and allows selective imaging as well as
measurement of short T2 tissues such as cortical bone, patellar tendon, and the Achilles tendon. Magn Reson Med 79:2555–2563, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
A temperature sensor implant for active implantable medical devices for in vivo subacute heating tests under MRI
Authors: Silemek Berk , Acikel Volkan , Oto Cagdas , Alipour Akbar , Aykut Zaliha Gamze , Algin Oktay , Atalar Ergin 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo introduce a temperature sensor implant (TSI) that mimics an active implantable medical device (AIMD) for animal testing of MRI heating. Computer simulations and phantom experiments poorly represent potential temperature increases. Animal experiments could be a better model, but heating experiments conducted immediately after the surgery suffer from alterations of the thermoregulatory and tissue properties during acute testing conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to introduce a temperature sensor implant that mimics an AIMD and capable of measuring the electrode temperature after implantation of the device without any further intervention at any time after the surgery in an animal model.MethodsA battery‐operated TSI, which resembled an AIMD, was used to measure the lead temperature and impedance and the case temperature. The measured values were transmitted to an external computer via a low‐power Bluetooth communication protocol. In addition to validation experiments on the phantom, a sheep experiment was conducted to test the feasibility of the system in subacute conditions.ResultsThe measurements had a maximum of 0.5°C difference compared to fiber‐optic temperature probes. In vivo animal experiments demonstrated feasibility of the system.ConclusionAn active implant, which can measure its own temperature, was proposed to investigate implant heating during MRI examinations. Magn Reson Med 79:2824–2832, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.