bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burnout in Orthopaedic Surgeons: A Challenge for Leaders, Learners, and Colleagues
Authors: Ames S. Elizabeth , Cowan James B. , Kenter Keith , Emery Sanford , Halsey David 
Published: July 2017

Abstract:
Burnout, depression, suicidal ideation, and dissatisfaction with work-life balance have been reported in all medical specialties and at all stages of medical education and practice experience. Burnout consists of progressive emotional, attitudinal, and physical exhaustion. Physicians with burnout may treat patients as objects and feel emotionally depleted. Burnout is characterized by a loss of enthusiasm for work (emotional exhaustion), feelings of cynicism (depersonalization), and a low sense of personal accomplishment. The most complete study of emotional burnout among different medical specialties demonstrated that orthopaedic surgery is one of the specialties with the highest burnout rate. Qualitative descriptive studies are available. There was a 45.8% burnout rate among physicians in the U.S. in 2012, and a 2014 update suggested even higher rates. Burnout has a correlation with medical education. Burnout rates are similar to those in the general population when medical students enter school, and increase steadily through medical education prior to residency. Burnout rates in residents are high, reported to be between 41% and 74% across multiple specialties. This impacts our young physician workforce in orthopaedics. The purpose of this review is to provide the available information that characterizes burnout and addresses the issues inherent to preventing burnout, and to build awareness in orthopaedic surgeons. Wellness “goes beyond merely the absence of distress and includes being challenged, thriving, and achieving success in various aspects of personal and professional life.” The challenge for the orthopaedic community is to develop interventions and strategies that are personalized to the individuals in this specialty.
Arterial Topographic Anatomy Near the Femoral Head-Neck Perforation with Surgical Relevance
Authors: Rego Paulo , Mascarenhas Vasco , Collado Diego , Coelho Ana , Barbosa Luis , Ganz Reinhold 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Knowledge of the vascular supply of the femoral head is crucial for hip-preserving surgical procedures. The critical area for reshaping cam deformity is at the retinacular vessel penetration, an area with ill-defined topographic anatomy. We performed a cadaver study of the extension of the lateral retinaculum near the head-neck junction, distribution of the arterial vascular foramina, and initial intracapital course of these vessels.

Methods:
In 16 fresh proximal parts of the femur without head-neck deformities, the deep branch of the medial femoral circumflex artery was injected with gadolinium for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences to identify arterial structures.

Results:
We found a mean number of 4.5 arterial foramina, showing a predominance from 10 to 12 o’clock. The retinaculum extended 20 mm from 1 to 10 o’clock. The surface distance from the cartilage border to the vascular foramina under the synovial fold was 6.5 mm, and the depth from the same cartilage border to the initial intraosseous vessel pathways was 5.3 mm.

Conclusions:
The data add further precision to the arterial topography at the retinacular foramina, an area that is crucial for the perfusion of the femoral head. It may overlap with the area of anterolateral cam deformity and plays a role in choosing the cuts for subcapital and intracapital osteotomies.

Clinical Relevance:
The information is taken from normal hips and may not be directly applicable to the deformed hip. Nevertheless, it is a prerequisite for a surgeon to understand the normal anatomy and use those boundaries to prevent mistakes during intra-articular joint-preserving hip surgical procedures.
Climate resilience strategies of Beijing and Copenhagen and their links to sustainability
Authors: Liu Li , Jensen Marina Bergen 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Like numerous other cities, Beijing and Copenhagen are experiencing more frequent urban flooding due to increased impervious cover and climate change. Consequently, huge investments are foreseen to maintain resilience. Analyses of planning documents and interviews with key stakeholders reveal that in their climate resilience strategies both cities do employ alternative approaches based on on-site retention-detention of stormwater runoff. However, when there is an emergency situation with heavy downpours, both cities rely heavily on conventional concepts involving deep tunnels for rapid discharge. The applied alternative solutions tend to be more engineering-based, like underground tanks in Beijing and detention-discharge plazas in Copenhagen. More nature-based solutions lag behind. Both cities are simultaneously targeting specific additional sustainability goals. Nevertheless, other potential goals seem to be neglected, like livability improvements in Beijing and biodiversity support and water footprint reduction in Copenhagen. The main barriers for implementing more nature-based solutions with greater sustainability potentials were a combination of time constraints caused by external political pressures for rapid problem solving, lack of routines for the innovation and documentation of solutions for dense urban areas, and insufficient multi-sectorial collaboration. These factors limit the propagation of alternative solutions and tip the balance of current investments towards a conventional approach.
Integrating water distribution system efficiency into the water conservation strategy for California: a Los Angeles perspective
Authors: Naik Kartiki S. , Glickfeld Madelyn 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Improving water management in California requires a transition from imported to local water resources used efficiently. To assess this transitional capacity of water retailers in metropolitan Los Angeles County, we focused on a key water management metric: the water distribution efficiency. We traced the evolution of water loss reduction policy and practices globally with emphasis on California. California Senate Bills 1420 and 555 mandate annual water auditing and reporting for urban water suppliers. We surveyed and evaluated ten water retailers' approaches to monitor and reduce losses. Four of ten sampled water retailers monitored real losses, averaging 3–4% of total water supplied. Only three of ten sampled water retailers employed leak detection technology. Of the six sampled retailers with annual pipe replacement strategies, four retailers followed inadequate rehabilitation schedules. Most of the sampled retailers monitor water losses in percent, which misrepresents the actual volume. While a necessary step, California water loss legislation relies on the American Water Works Association Water Audit software. Verifying reported data for randomly selected retailers can ensure high data quality. Small retailers are exempt from mandatory water loss monitoring, and they need state support and resource pooling to improve their water distribution efficiency.
Biomarkers Associated with Stroke Risk in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ioannou Adam , Papageorgiou Nikolaos , Falconer Debbie , Rehal Onkar , Sewart Emma , Zacharia Effimia , Toutouzas Konstantinos , Vlachopoulos Charalambos , Siasos Gerasimos , Tsioufis Costas , Tousoulis Dimitris 
Published: July 2017

Background:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of cardioembolic stroke. The risk of cardioembolism is not adequately reduced with the administration of oral anticoagulants, since a number of patients continue to experience thromboembolic events despite receiving treatment. Therefore, identification of a circulating biomarker to identify these high-risk patients would be clinically beneficial.Objective:In the present article, we aim to review the available data regarding use of biomarkers to predict cardioembolic stroke in patients with AF.Methods:We performed a thorough search of the literature in order to analyze the biomarkers identified thus far and critically evaluate their clinical significance.Results:A number of biomarkers have been proposed to predict cardioembolic stroke in patients with AF. Some of them are already used in the clinical practice, such as d-dimers, troponins and brain natriuretic peptide. Novel biomarkers, such as the inflammatory growth differentiation factor-15, appear to be promising, while the role of micro-RNAs and genetics appear to be useful as well. Even though these biomarkers are associated with an increased risk for thromboembolism, they cannot accurately predict future events. In light of this, the use of a scoring system, that would incorporate both circulating biomarkers and clinical factors, might be more useful.Conclusions:Recent research has disclosed several biomarkers as potential predictors of cardioembolic stroke in patients with AF. However, further research is required to establish a multifactorial scoring system that will identify patients at high-risk of thromboembolism, who would benefit from more intensive treatment and monitoring.
INTERNET OF VEHICLES-BASED REAL-TIME VEHICLE TRACKING
Authors: Yeddula Raghunath Reddy , P Vetrivelan 
Published: July 2017

The leading-edge vehicle tracking and scanning system based on embedded board is intended and executed to observe any vehicle from different locations. Every year, many numbers of vehicles are stolen. To prohibit thievery, a phenomenal type of negator is preowned, like padlock, disk break lock and more which is a defensive motion, but it is not safe for all designs. The main impartial is to initiate a control entity that shows the locale spot of a vehicle proving by global position system (GPS) to find the position. Here, global system for mobile (GSM) is accepting for communicating with the vehicle that easily finding a steal. The entity is built for trying out the mastery of the locale spot that transmits to the user when the motion is in exciting direction and stable in the city and some other areas. This whole entity is built by bringing together a Raspberry Pi with GPS, general packetradio service (GPRS), and GSM. The preferred entity makes better use of unique automation that based on the Raspberry Pi. This entity works on the GPS and GSM SIM 900A modules which consists all the three things for communication. GPS and GPRS circulate the chasing information to the server to transmit the message to the mobile number which is saved in this sector for communicating through GSM. This preferred entity also acquires the traveler’s protection by testing liquefied petroleum gas effused gas sensor MQ135 and temperature DS18B20 sensor.
A GENERIC TRUST MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK FOR HETEROGENEOUS SENSORS IN CYBER PHYSICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: V Kanchana Devi , R Ganesan 
Published: July 2017

Objective: “Wireless Technology” is the magic word in today’s era. In which, Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) is the booming world which binds the physical world and cyber world together. The CPS is also called as Safety Critical System because of the human life involvement. In this emerging technology, lots of heterogeneous sensors are involved and each sensor will play an important role. If something goes wrong with sensor or sensor data. It will definitely affect the human life involved in it.Methods: In this paper, we proposed a generic trust management framework for heterogeneous sensors which will detect the sensor data falsification (Data Integrity), faulty sensor reading, and packet dropping nodes (Selfish Nodes) through rules and rating concept.Results: The efficiency of the proposed framework is evaluated with the help of Network Simulator 2 (NS-2.35). The maximum numbers of untrusted nodes are identified in point 0.40 than Multi-Level Trust Framework for Wireless Sensor Network (MTF-WSN) and Framework for Packet-Droppers Mitigation (FPDM). It is also evident that Trust Management Framework for Cyber Physical Systems (TRMF-CPS) identifies maximum number of untrusted nodes in the detection range of 0.35 and 0.45. Therefore, 0.35 and 0.45 are considered as maximum and minimum threshold points for effective untrusted nodes. Conclusion:The experimentation results and comparative study shows that, our trust management framework will easily detected sensors which misbehave.
HIGH PERFORMANCE ADAPTIVE FINITE IMPULSE RESPONSE FILTER USING NEW DISTRIBUTED ARITHMETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , T Vigneswaran 
Published: July 2017

Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters is very important in signal Processing Applications. This research is to analyze the performance of FIR filter with the Xilinx Software. The Distributed Arithmetic (DA) algorithm is extensively used in FIR Filter to improve its speed and reducing the area of the filter. The design of low power filter will be achieved by pipelining and parallel processing concept on distributed Arithmetic. The aim is to design filter which has less delay time and supports the pipelining/parallel processing feature, helps in high speed with less power dissipation and area. The paper discusses FPGA implementation of FIR filter and due to parallel data processing its computation is fast and also provides an efficient architecture in terms of area and power consumption. New Distributed Arithmetic is a high performance and for low power filter.
A NOVEL IMAGE THEFT IDENTIFICATION USING BIOMETRIC FEATURE
Authors: Fernandez Jincy J , Pandian Nithyanandam , Chavali Raghuvamsh , Appalaghe Ashwanth Kumar 
Published: July 2017

In today’s internet world, all the data are represented and stored in digital form. Almost any entity in this world can be represented digitally, ranging from simple text to complex multimedia work. Now, the challenge is to claim the ownership and prevent theft of one’s own digital data. Multimedia theft has driven the attention of many stakeholders who spend huge money and precious time in creating or making such valuable digital data. Among all the multimedia entities, image files are more vulnerable for theft since it is the basic component of any visuals. The notion of this research work is to propose an image theft detection model which will determine whether partial theft or complete theft of an image has occurred or not. A biometric feature, i.e., fingerprint of the owner is embedded on the digital image at a micro level, such that even a very small portion of image theft can be determined, and the ownership of the image can be claimed by the owner. This research is limited to the spatial domain, i.e. raw image. Assessment metrics of the results shows that embedding the biometric feature on an image does not distort the image quality and its artifacts.
SIMULATING DRUG-TARGET INTERACTION USING LARGE SCALE MOLECULAR DYNAMICS AND FUZZY-ART
Authors: Rai Ankush , Kannan Jagadeesh 
Published: July 2017

The examination of bio-molecular associations between a complex drug compound and its target is of foremost significance for the improvement of new biomarkers or bioresponsive compounds. In this paper, we exhibited a combinatorial technique of simulation of molecular dynamics (MD) and fuzzy ART to focus on the coupling factors of in the molecular binding process and its intermediary transitioning state. Here, MD simulations divided into microsecond length enable us to watch a inter-molecular coupling events, taking after different dynamical pathways and accomplishing ordered binding assembly of molecules. Results form such simulations are used to evaluate parameters corresponding to its thermodynamic and molecular kinetic properties, getting a decent concurrence with accessible experimental information. Utilizing machine learning algorithms in conjunction with MD simulations could enhance the productive for identifying key parts of drug–target binding and localization.
Comparative Epidemiological Studies on Gallbladder Cancer between Chile and Japan
Authors: Yamamoto Masaharu , Serra Iván , Calvo A. , Watanabe H. , Endoh K. , Shibuya N. , Nakamura K. 
Published: July 2017

Se ha realizado un estudio del cáncer vesicular entre 1991 y 1998 en Chile. Presentamos los principales hallazgos encontrados en esta investigación y se comparan con los datos equivalentes de Japón.1) Hemos examinado el índice de mortalidad del cáncer vesicular en 39 países del mundo. Chile y Japón tienen dos de las más altas tasas de mortalidad por cáncer biliar, expresado en el cáncer de vesícula biliar y la vía extrahepática.2) La actividad mutagénica de la bilis fue comparada entre las mujeres chilenas y japonesas con cálculos de vesícula por el test de Ames (Ta 98+S9 mix y TA 100+S9 mix) con absorción de blue rayon. Los rangos mutagénicos observados entre las muestras de bilis chilenas y japonesas fueron casi idénticas (83,3% vs 80,8%), pero la bilis de pacientes chilenas mostró una alta actividad mutagénica en términos del número de colonias revertidas (128 vs 62)3) El estudio control de cáncer de vesícula biliar fue realizado con 74 mujeres chilenas portadoras de cálculos biliares, en el sentido de si los cálculos eran un factor definitivo de riesgo para el cáncer de vías biliares. En estos estudios se encontró que existen otros factores de riesgo de cáncer, que pudieran contribuir asociadamente, como el consumo habitual de ají que conlleva un significativo mayor riesgo en Chile, pero no ha sido consignado como factor de riesgo en Japón. Ahora es necesario, buscar la identificación de substancias químicas presentes en el ají que pueden contribuir a la ocurrencia de cáncer de vesícula.4) El rango de alteraciones p53 presentes en el cáncer de vesícula es casi idéntica en Chile y Japón (55,0% vs 50,0%) pero el aspecto-base difiere grandemente, siguiendo una diferencia regional en las causas carcinogénicas.
Síndrome reproductivo y respiratorio del cerdo (PRRS)
Authors: López-Heydeck Sandra Maricruz , Alonso-Morales Rogelio Alejandro , Mendieta-Zerón Hugo , Vázquez-Chagoyán Juan Carlos 
Published: July 2017

El síndrome reproductivo y respiratorio del cerdo (PRRS), es una enfermedad de origen viral que ocasiona fallas reproductivas severas en cerdas gestantes, con menos grado en la calidad del semen en verracos y problemas respiratorios en cerdos de todas las edades pero principalmente en lechones; también se asocia o incrementa la manifestación de otras enfermedades respiratorias. Es una de las enfermedades de mayor importancia económica mundial, en la mayoría de los países de producción de porcinos, donde en gran parte de ellos permanece endémico. El virus de PRRS (PRRSV) presenta un alto grado de mutabilidad, por lo que hay una gran diversidad genética de cepas del linaje norteamericano (PRRSV NA) y entre el PRRSV NA y el linaje europeo (PRRSV EU), lo que afecta la homogeneidad y poca o nula antigenicidad cruzada para vacunas; el virus vacunal modificado, único comercialmente accesible para generar algún grado confiable de inmunidad, ha mostrado la capacidad de revertirse a patógeno, con replicabilidad y recombinación con virus de campo; las vacunas sólo se utilizan para disminuir el grado de afección de la enfermedad; el virus muestra una capacidad de inmunosupresión e inmunoregulación que le permite, prolongar el tiempo de viremia en los animales enfermos, quienes eliminan el virus por saliva, secreciones transplacentarias, mamarias y muy posiblemente excremento, siendo la transmisión principal por contacto directo o por objetos contaminados; además presenta una posterior selectividad a pocos tejidos linfoides, que le permite permanecer inadvertido hasta que, en condiciones favorables, vuelve a manifestarse la enfermedad, ya sea como pequeños brotes, o como pandemia.
Múltiples abscesos en un cerdo causados por Trueperella pyogenes (Arcanobacterium pyogenes): Reporte de caso
Authors: Noel Verjan García Noel , Almario Leiva Geiner Alberto , Romero Jola Néstor Jaime , Fandiño Luz Clemencia 
Published: July 2017

Un Cerdo Duroc Jersey de dos años de edad y 250 kg de peso presentó una masa de consistencia dura en el pliegue cutáneo del cuello, e inflamación severa de la articulación del tarso del miembro posterior derecho. El cultivo microbiológico del contenido identificó la bacteria Gram-positiva Trueperella (Arcanobacterium) pyogenes, la cual fue sensible a varios antibióticos incluidos la gentamicina y sulfa-trimetoprim. Los abscesos se drenaron y el cerdo se trató con sulfa-trimethoprim a dosis de 20 mg/kg por cinco días, y posteriormente con gentamicina a dosis de 5 mg/kg por cinco días en asociación con antiinflamatorios. Los abscesos reemergieron, el cerdo se sacrificó y se realizó la necropsia. El aislamiento de T. pyogenes a partir de artritis supurativa y abscesos cutáneos en un cerdo indica la necesidad de implementar vigilancia epidemiológica y métodos de diagnóstico rápido en la industria porcina del departamento del Tolima.
Conducta estral circanual en ovejas Pelibuey bajo condiciones áridas del noroeste de México
Authors: Gastelum-Delgado Miguel A. , Avendaño-Reyes Leonel , Álvarez- Valenzuela Francisco D. , Correa-Calderón Abelardo , Meza-Herrera César A: , Mellado Miguel , Macías-Cruz Ulises 
Published: July 2017

Con el objetivo de determinar la conducta estral circanual de ovejas Pelibuey bajo condiciones áridas del noroeste de México (32º LN), 22 ovejas adultas se mantuvieron en condiciones estabuladas con una alimentación constante durante un año. Diariamente, mañana y tarde, el grupo de ovejas fue expuesto a uno de tres machos provistos de mandil para detectar estro. El porcentaje de ovejas en estro y su duración se calcularon en forma mensual. Las medias anuales de temperatura, humedad relativa e índice de temperatura-humedad fueron de 25.8±8.4 ºC, 33.1±11.2 % y 72.0±8.8 unidades, respectivamente. El porcentaje mensual de ovejas en estro fue menor (P<0.05) de enero a junio que de julio a diciembre. El 100 % de las ovejas presentaron estro en cada mes de julio a diciembre (P>0.05). Comparado con el resto de los meses; un mayor (P<0.05) porcentaje de ovejas mostraron estros cortos (<24h) en febrero y marzo, y contrariamente, la proporción de ovejas con estros largos (>36 y <48h) fue mayor (P<0.05) en junio y agosto. En conclusión, en condiciones áridas del noroeste de México, las ovejas Pelibuey disminuyen su actividad estral de enero a junio, y las elevadas temperaturas ambientales de verano no son un factor que afecte la presencia de estro en dicha raza.
Análisis genético para vida productiva en ganado Holstein de México
Authors: Abadía Rojas José R. , Ruíz López Felipe de Jesús , Vega Murillo Vicente E. , Montaldo Hugo H. 
Published: July 2017

Se usó la metodología de análisis de supervivencia con un modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Weibull para estudia la duración de vida productiva funcional (DVPF) de ganado Holstein en México, usando un modelo padre-abuelo materno con el software Survival Kit V3.12. La DVPF se calculó como el número de días entre la fecha de primer parto y la fecha de desecho o censura, con un crédito máximo de 305 días por lactación. Los datos analizados se obtuvieron de la Asociación Holstein de México. El archivo final constó de 36,507 registros para DVPF de vacas que parieron por primera vez entre 1995 y 2008. El modelo incluyó la función de riesgo basal de Weibull y los siguientes efectos fijos: edad al primer parto, número de lactación por fase de lactación con cortes en los días 29, 249 y 305 y nivel de producción estandarizado con 10 clases con cambios en cada lactación, incluidas como variables tiempo dependientes y los efectos aleatorios de hato-año de parto y efectos genéticos de padre y abuelo materno. El porcentaje de censura fue de 25.54 %. Todos los efectos fijos analizados fueron significativos (P<0.0001) y tuvieron una influencia importante en el riesgo de desecho de los animales. Las heredabilidades calculadas en escalas logarítmica, original, efectiva y equivalente resultaron de 0.08, 0.13, 0.12 y 0.10 respectivamente, indicando que este carácter se puede integrar efectivamente a los programas de mejoramiento genético como se ha hecho en otras poblaciones de ganado Holstein.