bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competencia digital y tratamiento de la información en futuros maestros de Primaria
Authors: Grande-De-Prado Mario , Cañón-Rodríguez Ruth , Cantón-Mayo Isabel 
Published: February 2017

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar y conocer la autopercepción del alumnado que inicia el Grado de Maestro de Educación Primaria sobre su competencia para el tratamiento de la información digital. Esta capacidad para gestionar la información se ha convertido en nuestra<br />sociedad en un eje fundamental y su desarrollo en los futuros formadores constituye un reto educativo relevante. Este estudio ha empleado una metodología descriptiva- interpretativa y ex post facto utilizando para la recogida de datos un cuestionario dirigido al alumnado del primer curso de Grado de Maestros de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de León. En términos generales, los resultados de la investigación señalan que el alumnado de la muestra se valora como muy competente en los aspectos digitales más simples y básicos, como la navegación en internet. En cambio, parece poco familiarizado con los agregadores RSS, los marcadores sociales<br />o las webs de inicio; y la mayoría afirma no haber empleado herramientas tan útiles como los repositorios virtuales. Estas carencias en la gestión de la información, más allá de las habilidades más superficiales, son importantes para los futuros docentes y para las decisiones y medidas que<br />se adopten en su formación inicial.
La comunicación, interacción y entendimiento en la Europa multicultural a través de la actualización de los programas de formación del profesorado especialista en lengua extranjera
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Gabriel 
Published: February 2017

La consolidación de Europa como una unidad territorial tras la II Guerra Mundial condiciona la aparición de un trasfondo multilingüístico y multicultural sin precedentes. La política lingüística del Consejo de Europa estará enfocada principalmente a garantizar la comunicación, el enriquecimiento, la comprensión y la cohesión territorial y social entre los estados de la<br />unión. Este objetivo origina toda una serie de necesidades y exigencias a las que se habrá que dar respuesta desde las Administraciones educativas. La labor de estas consiste en continuar la trayectoria iniciada por el Consejo de Europa y establecer los objetivos que deben plantearse las instituciones educativas para contribuir de ese modo al logro de ese entendimiento y cohesión europeos. A partir de este momento, se empieza a hablar, por ejemplo, del aula como único contexto de aprendizaje de otras lenguas europeas y se apunta a la figura del docente como único responsable del proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje.<br />Inspirados por esta descripción de la nueva realidad lingüística y cultural continental y por las intenciones de la política lingüística y educativa europea, creemos necesario plantear una investigación que sirva para proyectar luz sobre dos aspectos esenciales. En primer lugar, será necesario establecer cuáles son esas necesidades y exigencias que la nueva política lingüística<br />europea ha originado. Y, en segundo lugar, será necesario realizar un análisis de un modelo de programa de formación del nuevo profesorado especialista en lengua extranjera concreto para descubrir si se está teniendo éxito en la habilitación del nuevo docente como fuente de conocimiento lingüístico y cultural para el aula de Educación Primaria o si, por el contrario, los esfuerzos realizados desde el marco del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior no constituyen la respuesta que la nueva Europa multicultural y multilingüe de este siglo XXI requiere.
Valores, conflicto y desarrollo organizativo: una investigación cualitativa con el modelo Hall-Tonna
Authors: Bunes Portillo Micaela , Mínguez Vallejos Ramón , Elexpuru Albizuri Iciar 
Published: February 2017

Este artículo recoge los resultados de una investigación sobre valores realizada dentro de la Asociación Proyecto Hombre y planteada como estrategia para la mejora de esa organización.<br />Las investigaciones llevadas a cabo sobre valores en organizaciones son escasas, con aplicaciones prácticas muy limitadas. Hemos elegido el modelo Hall-Tonna de desarrollo personal y organizativo como planteamiento no prescriptivo para el conocimiento de los valores.<br />La metodología empleada ha sido el alineamiento de valores en el interior de las organizaciones. Se trata de un proceso pautado de contraste entre los valores de los sujetos que participan en la organización y los valores de la institución. El alineamiento de valores es un procedimiento<br />que favorece la colaboración entre sus participantes y reduce el nivel de conflicto dentro de las organizaciones. Nuestra investigación es cualitativa y emplea varias técnicas de análisis. Por una<br />parte, los valores de la institución se han analizado a través del programa de análisis de contenido HTDOC. Por otra, los valores de los individuos se han identificado con la aplicación del Inventario Hall- Tonna (HTINVE).<br />A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se puede afirmar que el análisis de valores<br />tiene la potencialidad de contribuir a identificar problemas dentro de la organización. El conocimiento de los valores grupales e institucionales permite poner en relación los valores de los individuos, de los grupos, y de éstos con la organización, posibilitando el diálogo a partir de la identificación de valores compartidos.
Hearing Loss, Hearing Aids, and Cognition
Authors: Grenier Baptiste , Berr Claudine , Goldberg Marcel , Jouven Xavier , Zins Marie , Empana Jean-Philippe , Lisan Quentin 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceMost observational studies examining the association between hearing loss (HL) and cognitive impairment used subjective measures of hearing and addressed only one dimension of cognition, and very few investigated the potential benefit of hearing aids (HAs).ObjectiveTo evaluate objectively measured HL and several dimensions of cognition and estimate the association with HA use.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cross-sectional analysis of the CONSTANCES cohort study, which recruited participants from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2020, was conducted. Participants were a representative sample of adults (age, 45-69 years) with audiometric data and cognitive evaluation from 21 preventive health centers in France. Data analysis was conducted from April 1 to September 15, 2023.ExposureThe main exposure was HL, which was defined by a pure-tone average in the best ear higher than 20 dB hearing level for mild loss and 35 dB hearing level for disabling loss. Secondary exposure was self-reported HA use.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCognition was evaluated at study inclusion by a standardized battery of 5 cognitive tests conducted by trained neuropsychologists. A global cognitive score was computed from principal component analysis and global cognitive impairment was defined as having a score less than or equal to the 25th percentile of the distribution.ResultsThe study population included 62 072 participants with audiometric data (mean [SD] age, 57.4 [7] years; 52% women). Overall, 38% (n = 23 768) had mild HL, 10% (n = 6012) had disabling HL, and 3% (n = 1668) were HA users. In multivariable analyses, mild HL (odds ratio [OR], 1.10; 95% CI, 1.05-1.15) and disabling HL (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.16-1.33) were associated with greater global cognitive impairment. The odds of cognitive impairment did not differ significantly between all participants with HA use and participants with disabling HL without HAs (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.83-1.07), except among participants with depression (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44-0.88).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, an association between the severity of HL and global cognitive impairment was found. The use of HAs was not associated with significantly lower odds of cognitive impairment. The findings suggest that it may be useful to monitor cognitive function in middle-aged individuals with HL.
Self‐Propelled Morphing Matter for Small‐Scale Swimming Soft Robots
Authors: Huang Chuqi , Pinchin Natalie P. , Lin Chia‐Heng , Tejedor Irving Hafed , Scarfo Matthew Gene , Shahsavan Hamed , Pena‐Francesch Abdon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAquatic insects have developed versatile locomotion mechanisms that have served as a source of inspiration for decades in the development of small‐scale swimming robots. However, despite recent advances in the field, efficient, untethered, and integrated powering, actuation, and control of small‐scale robots remains a challenge due to the out‐of‐equilibrium and dissipative nature of the driving physical and chemical phenomena. Here, we have designed small‐scale, bioinspired aquatic locomotors with programmable deterministic trajectories that integrate self‐propelled chemical motors and photoresponsive shape‐morphing structures. A Marangoni motor system is developed integrating structural protein networks that self‐regulate the release of chemical fuel with photochemical liquid crystal network (LCN) actuators that change their shape and deform in and out of the surface of water. While the diffusion of fuel from the motor system regulates the propulsion, the dissipative photochemical deformation of LCNs provides locomotors with control over the directionality of motion at the air‐water interface. This approach gives access to five different but interchangeable modes of locomotion within a single swimming robot via morphing of the soft structure. The proposed design, which mimics the mechanisms of surface gliding and posture change of semiaquatic insects such as water treaders, offers solutions for autonomous swimming soft robots via untethered and orthogonal power and control.
A Robust ROS Generation and Ferroptotic Lipid Modulation Nanosystem for Mutual Reinforcement of Ferroptosis and Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Jiang Chao , Li Wenxi , Yan Jie , Yu Xinying , Feng Yuzhao , Li Bei , Liu Yuan , Dai Yunlu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFerroptosis initiation is often utilized for synergistic immunotherapy. While, current immunotherapy is limited by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and ferroptosis is limited by insufficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferroptotic lipids in tumor cells. Here, an arachidonic acid (AA) loaded nanosystem (CTFAP) is developed to mutually reinforce ferroptosis and cancer immunotherapy by augmenting ROS generation and modulating ferroptotic lipids. CTFAP is composed of acid‐responsive core calcium peroxide (CaO2) nanoparticles, ferroptotic lipids sponsor AA, tetracarboxylic porphyrin (TCPP) and Fe3+ based metal‐organic framework structure, and biocompatible mPEG‐DSPE for improved stability. Once endocytosed by tumor cells, CTFAP can release oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the acidic TME, facilitating TCPP‐based sonodynamic therapy and Fe3+‐mediated Fenton‐like reactions to generate substantial ROS for cell ferroptosis initiation. The immunogenic cell death (ICD) after ferroptosis promotes interferon γ (IFN‐γ) secretion to up‐regulate the expression of long‐chain family member 4 (ACSL4), cooperating with the released AA from CTFAP to accelerate the accumulation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and thereby promoting ferroptosis in cancer cells.CTFAP with ultrasound treatment efficiently suppresses tumor growth, has great potential to challenges in cancer immunotherapy.
Sticky Science: Using Complex Coacervate Adhesives for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Kwant Ayla N. , Es Sayed Julien S. , Kamperman Marleen , Burgess Janette K. , Slebos Dirk‐Jan , Pouwels Simon D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTissue adhesives are used for various medical applications, including wound closure, bleeding control, and bone healing. Currently available options often show weak adhesion or cause adverse effects. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in complex coacervates as medical adhesives. Complex coacervates are formed by mixing oppositely charged macromolecules that associate and undergo liquid‐liquid phase separation, in which the dense bottom phase is the complex coacervate. Complex coacervates are strong and often biocompatible, and show strong underwater adhesion. The properties of the resulting materials are tunable by intrinsic factors such as polymer chemistry, molecular weight, charge density, and topology of the macromolecules, as well as extrinsic factors such as temperature, pH, and salt concentration. Therefore, complex coacervates are interesting new candidates for medical adhesives. In this review, it is described how complex coacervates form and how different factors influence their behavior. Next, an overview of recent studies on complex coacervates in the context of medical adhesives is presented. The application of complex coacervates as hemostatic or embolic agents, skin or bone repair adhesives, and soft tissue sealants is discussed. Lastly, additional possibilities for utilizing these materials in the future are discussed.
Amorphous‐Crystalline Interface Induced Internal Electric Fields for Electrochromic Smart Window
Authors: Zhang Shi , Han Xiao , Liu Xiaocheng , Huang Zixiang , Wang Pinyi , Sheng Sizhe , Wu Geng , He Jiachuan , Guo Jingjing , Zheng Xusheng , Li Hai , Liu Jian‐Wei , Hong Xun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBalancing optical modulation and response time is crucial for achieving high coloration efficiency in electrochromic materials. Here, internal electric fields are introduced to titanium dioxide nanosheets by constructing abundant amorphous‐crystalline interfaces, ensuring large optical modulation while reducing response time and therefore improving coloration efficiency. Aberration‐corrected high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF‐STEM) reveals the presence of numerous amorphous‐crystalline phase boundaries in titanium dioxide nanosheets. Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) exhibits an intense surface potential distribution, demonstrating the presence of internal electric fields. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm that the amorphous‐crystalline heterointerfaces can generate internal electric fields and reduce diffusion barriers of lithium ions. As a result, the amorphous‐crystalline titanium dioxide nanosheets exhibit better coloration efficiency (35.1 cm2 C−1) than pure amorphous and crystalline titanium dioxide nanosheets.
Thresholding Computing with Heterogeneous Integration of Memristive Kernel with Metal‐Oxide‐Semiconductor Capacitor for Temporal Data Analysis
Authors: Shim Sung Keun , Lee Keonuk , Han Janguk , Shin Dong Hoon , Lee Soo Hyung , Cheong Sunwoo , Jang Yoon Ho , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrecise event detection within time‐series data is increasingly critical, particularly in noisy environments. Reservoir computing, a robust computing method widely utilized with memristive devices, is efficient in processing temporal signals. However, it typically lacks intrinsic thresholding mechanisms essential for precise event detection. This study introduces a new approach by integrating two Pt/HfO2/TiN (PHT) memristors and one Ni/HfO2/n‐Si (NHS) metal‐oxide‐semiconductor capacitor (2M1MOS) to implement a tunable thresholding function. The current‐voltage nonlinearity of memristors combined with the capacitance‐voltage nonlinearity of the capacitor forms the basis of the 2M1MOS kernel system. The proposed kernel hardware effectively records feature‐specified information of the input signal onto the memristors through capacitive thresholding. In electrocardiogram analysis, the memristive response exhibited a more than ten‐fold difference between arrhythmia and normal beats. In isolated spoken digit classification, the kernel achieved an error rate of only 0.7% by tuning thresholds for various time‐specific conditions. The kernel is also applied to biometric authentication by extracting personal features using various threshold times, presenting more complex and multifaceted uses of heartbeats and voice data as bio‐indicators. These demonstrations highlight the potential of thresholding computing in a memristive framework with heterogeneous integration.
Suppressing Hole Accumulation Through Sub‐Nanometer Dipole Interfaces in Hybrid Perovskite/Organic Solar Cells for Boosting Near‐Infrared Photon Harvesting
Authors: Lee Min‐Ho , Kim Min Seok , Lee Yu Jin , Kim Byeongsu , Kim Ju‐Hyeon , Lee Chungryeol , Lee Jihyung , Kim Dong‐Jun , Ko Hyunseok , Ganji Masoud Darvish , Lee Kwanghee , Kim Woojae , Lee Jung‐Yong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe potential of hybrid perovskite/organic solar cells (HSCs) is increasingly recognized owing to their advantageous characteristics, including straightforward fabrication, broad‐spectrum photon absorption, and minimal open‐circuit voltage (VOC) loss. Nonetheless, a key bottleneck for efficiency improvement is the energy level mismatch at the perovskite/bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) interface, leading to charge accumulation. In this study, it is demonstrated that introducing a uniform sub‐nanometer dipole layer formed of B3PyMPM onto the perovskite surface effectively reduces the 0.24 eV energy band offset between the perovskite and the donor of BHJ. This strategic modification suppresses the charge recombination loss, resulting in a noticeable 30 mV increase in the VOC and a balanced carrier transport, accompanied by a 5.0% increase in the fill factor. Consequently, HSCs that achieve power conversion efficiency of 24.0% is developed, a new record for Pb‐based HSCs with a remarkable increase in the short‐circuit current of 4.9 mA cm−2, attributed to enhanced near‐infrared photon harvesting.
Flexible, Multifunctional, and Durable MXene/CeO2/Cellulose Nanofibers for Efficient Energy Conversion‐Storage Capacity Toward Self‐Powered Monitoring of Ammonia
Authors: Sardana Sagar , Mahajan Parika , Mishra Ambuj , Chawla Amit Kumar , Mahajan Aman 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe appeal of wearable gas sensors for Internet of Things (IoTs) necessitates flexible sensory units along with sustainable source of energy supply. The key factors required for emergence of these devices are choice of electroactive materials, flexibility, skin‐compatibility, and robustness against harsh environment. Considering this, the multifunctional MXene/CeO2 composites reinforced with electrospun cellulose nanofibers are constructed and investigated for energy conversion, energy storage, and gas sensing applications. Among the synthesized composites, MXene/CeO2 (10 wt%) coated onto cellulose nanofibers outperformed triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with open‐circuit voltage of 160 V and supercapacitor (SC) specific capacitance of 388.98 F g−1 and sensing response of 212% toward 10 ppm NH3. The fabricated devices show promising outlooks against practical challenges of influence of humid conditions and different bending states. Lastly, the self‐chargeable device is integrated and the practical implications of charging of SC through TENG and its utilization in sensor powering is demonstrated. The above findings are expected to contribute significantly in envisioning development of wearable health monitors, combining the flexibility features and facilitating autonomous measurements of NH3 pollutant and biomarker.
Decoding Silent Speech Cues From Muscular Biopotential Signals for Efficient Human‐Robot Collaborations
Authors: Dong Penghao , Tian Sibo , Chen Si , Li Yizong , Li Su , Zheng Minghui , Yao Shanshan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSilent speech interfaces offer an alternative and efficient communication modality for individuals with voice disorders and when the vocalized speech communication is compromised by noisy environments. Despite the recent progress in developing silent speech interfaces, these systems face several challenges that prevent their wide acceptance, such as bulkiness, obtrusiveness, and immobility. Herein, the material optimization, structural design, deep learning algorithm, and system integration of mechanically and visually unobtrusive silent speech interfaces are presented that can realize both speaker identification and speech content identification. Conformal, transparent, and self‐adhesive electromyography electrode arrays are designed for capturing speech‐relevant muscle activities. Temporal convolutional networks are employed for recognizing speakers and converting sensing signals into spoken content. The resulting silent speech interfaces achieve a 97.5% speaker classification accuracy and 91.5% keyword classification accuracy using four electrodes. The speech interface is further integrated with an optical hand‐tracking system and a robotic manipulator for human‐robot collaboration in both assembly and disassembly processes. The integrated system achieves the control of the robot manipulator by silent speech and facilitates the hand‐over process by hand motion trajectory detection. The developed framework enables natural robot control in noisy environments and lays the ground for collaborative human‐robot tasks involving multiple human operators.
Ampere‐Hour‐Scale Aqueous Nickel–Organic Batteries based on Phenazine Anode
Authors: Liu Xiaomeng , Ni Youxuan , Yang Zhuo , Lu Yong , Xie Weiwei , Yan Zhenhua , Chen Jun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAqueous nickel‐based batteries, particularly nickel‐organic batteries, are promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage applications owing to their environmental friendliness, abundant resources, and intrinsic safety. However, organic anode materials suffer from serious dissolution in electrolytes during discharge/charge processes and ampere‐hour‐scale nickel‐organic batteries are still absent. Here, phenazine (PZ) is screened as the anode and utilizes 10 m KOH as the electrolyte to construct ampere‐hour‐scale PZ/Ni(OH)2 batteries to demonstrate the practicability. In situ, UV–vis and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate the inhibited dissolution of PZ in high‐concentration of 10 m KOH. The PZ anode can provide a high initial specific capacity of 281.6 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C with a Coulombic efficiency of 98.6% and ultralong cycle life with a capacity retention of 74.3% after 14 000 cycles at 30 C. Moreover, the fabricated pouch‐type PZ/Ni(OH)2 battery with a high PZ mass‐loading of 48 mg cm−2 delivers a capacity of 1.23 Ah and achieves a high energy density of 50 Wh kg−1 (based on the total mass of the cell). The abundant resources, excellent stability, and cost‐effectiveness of phenazine endow nickel‐organic batteries with promising potential for large‐scale energy storage applications.
Fluorescence imaging‐guided lipid droplets‐localized photodynamic therapy
Authors: Wang Shan , Wang Qiang , Lv Yang , Liu Zhe , Lee Kippeum , Kim Dongeun , Won Miae , Shen Jianliang , Kim Jong Seung 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment due to its non‐invasive nature and high specificity toward malignant tissues. In recent years, a variety of protocols have been proposed to improve the PDT efficacy, of which organelle‐targeted PDT strategy is supposed to be quite promising. Particularly, lipid droplets (LDs)‐localized PDT attracts a lot of interest due to the inherent advantages such as abundant LDs in cancer cells and their close relation with ferroptosis. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the advancements of LDs‐localized photosensitizers (PSs) according to their chemical structures and functions. Especially, these PSs are featured with fluorescence emission, thereby facilitating an imaging‐guided phototherapy. The review highlights the cytocidal actions of these PSs, such as the cell death pathway and their cytotoxicity. Finally, some unresolved issues and challenges in this domain will be discussed.