bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Product Creativity Antecedents and Consequences: Evidence from South Korea, Japan, and China
Authors: Nakata Cheryl , Rubera Gaia , Im Subin , Pae Jae H. , Lee Hyun Jung , Onzo Naoto , Park Heungsoo 
Published: December 2017

Creativity in new products is highly coveted by firms. However, businesses are faced with questions of how to inject creativity into new products, and whether it pays off in stronger product performance. To address these questions, a survey on key antecedents and consequences of creativity was conducted among new product managers. Based on gaps identified in the new product literature, this study examines several organizational culture (market orientation), leadership (top management involvement and risk‐taking encouragement), and national culture (secularism and survivalism) antecedents, along with new product performance consequences. Importantly, to uncover potentially complex nuances in creativity dynamics that may have been previously overlooked, the creativity construct is decomposed into novelty and meaningfulness dimensions, and the possibility of curvilinear relationships with antecedents and consequences are investigated. The study is also one of the first creativity studies based on a geography rather than a single country, specifically the cluster of South Korea, Japan, and China.In terms of antecedents, this study finds customer orientation, cross‐functional integration, top management involvement, and cultural secularism have positive linear effects on creativity's meaningfulness component, whereas top management risk taking and cultural survivalism have a negative effect. In contrast, cross‐functional integration and top management risk taking have a negative curvilinear influence on creativity's novelty component. Similar to meaningfulness, cultural secularism and survivalism have positive and negative impacts on novelty, respectively. Regarding consequences, meaningfulness has a positive linear influence on new product performance, while novelty's contribution reflects an inverted U‐shaped relationship. This finding is notable in light of previous studies that question whether novelty is helpful at all. These findings explain prior mixed results on creativity based on simple linear and aggregated effects, as well as discover new drivers and outcomes. The article concludes with theoretical and managerial implications about how firms can enhance and benefit from creativity.
Air penetration enhances fragmentation of entering meteoroids
Authors: Tabetah M. E. , Melosh H. J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe entry and subsequent breakup of the ~17–20 m diameter Chelyabinsk meteoroid deposited approximately 500 kT of TNT equivalent energy to the atmosphere, causing extensive damage that underscored the hazard from small asteroid impacts. The breakup of the meteoroid was characterized by intense fragmentation that dispersed most of the original mass. In models of the entry process, the apparent mechanical strength of the meteoroid during fragmentation, ~1–5 MPa, is two orders of magnitude lower than the mechanical strength of the surviving meteorites, ~330 MPa. We implement a two‐material computer code that allows us to fully simulate the exchange of energy and momentum between the entering meteoroid and the interacting atmospheric air. Our simulations reveal a previously unrecognized process in which the penetration of high‐pressure air into the body of the meteoroid greatly enhances the deformation and facilitates the breakup of meteoroids similar to the size of Chelyabinsk. We discuss the mechanism of air penetration that accounts for the bulk fragmentation of an entering meteoroid under conditions similar to those at Chelyabinsk, to explain the surprisingly low values of the apparent strength of the meteoroid during breakup.
Natural selection beyond genes: Identification and analyses of evolutionarily conserved elements in the genome of the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis)
Authors: Craig Rory J. , Suh Alexander , Wang Mi , Ellegren Hans 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIt is becoming increasingly clear that a significant proportion of the functional sequence within eukaryotic genomes is noncoding. However, since the identification of conserved elements (CEs) has been restricted to a limited number of model organisms, the dynamics and evolutionary character of the genomic landscape of conserved, and hence likely functional, sequence is poorly understood in most species. Moreover, identification and analysis of the full suite of functional sequence are particularly important for the understanding of the genetic basis of trait loci identified in genome scans or quantitative trait locus mapping efforts. We report that ~6.6% of the collared flycatcher genome (74.0 Mb) is spanned by ~1.28 million CEs, a higher proportion of the genome but a lower total amount of conserved sequence than has been reported in mammals. We identified >200,000 CEs specific to either the archosaur, avian, neoavian or passeridan lineages, constituting candidates for lineage‐specific adaptations. Importantly, no less than ~71% of CE sites were nonexonic (52.6 Mb), and conserved nonexonic sequence density was negatively correlated with functional exonic density at local genomic scales. Additionally, nucleotide diversity was strongly reduced at nonexonic conserved sites (0.00153) relative to intergenic nonconserved sites (0.00427). By integrating deep transcriptome sequencing and additional genome annotation, we identified novel protein‐coding genes, long noncoding RNA genes and transposon‐derived (exapted) CEs. The approach taken here based on the use of a progressive cactus whole‐genome alignment to identify CEs should be readily applicable to nonmodel organisms in general and help to reveal the rich repertoire of putatively functional noncoding sequence as targets for selection.
A dominant‐interfering camta3 mutation compromises primary transcriptional outputs mediated by both cell surface and intracellular immune receptors in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Jacob Florence , Kracher Barbara , Mine Akira , Seyfferth Carolin , Blanvillain‐Baufumé Servane , Parker Jane E. , Tsuda Kenichi , Schulze‐Lefert Paul , Maekawa Takaki 
Published: December 2017

Summary

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and nucleotide‐binding domain and leucine‐rich repeat (LRR)‐containing proteins (NLRs) initiate pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI) and effector‐triggered immunity (ETI), respectively, each associated with the activation of an overlapping set of defence genes. The regulatory mechanism behind this convergence of PTI‐ and ETI‐mediated defence gene induction remains elusive.

We generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants that enable conditional NLR activation without pathogen infection to dissect NLR‐ and PRR‐mediated transcriptional signals. A comparative analysis of over 40 transcriptome datasets linked calmodulin‐binding transcription activators (CAMTAs) to the activation of overlapping defence genes in PTI and ETI. We used a dominant camta3 mutant (camta3‐D) to assess CAMTA functions in the corresponding transcriptional regulation.

Transcriptional regulation by NLRs, although highly similar to PTI responses, can be established independently of pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP) perception, defence phytohormones and host cell death. Conditional expression of the N‐terminal coiled‐coil domain of the barley MLA (Mildew resistance locus A) NLR is sufficient to trigger similar transcriptional reprogramming as full‐length NLRs. CAMTA‐binding motifs are overrepresented in the 5′ regulatory regions of the identified primary immune response genes, consistent with their altered expression and disease resistance responses in camta3‐D plants.

We propose that CAMTA‐mediated transcriptional regulation defines an early convergence point in NLR‐ and PRR‐mediated signalling.
Workplace discrimination: A meta‐analytic extension, critique, and future research agenda
Authors: Dhanani Lindsay Y. , Beus Jeremy M. , Joseph Dana L. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDespite a large and growing literature on workplace discrimination, there has been a myopic focus on the direct relationships between discrimination and a common set of outcomes. The aim of this meta‐analytic review was both to challenge and advance current understanding of workplace discrimination and its associations with outcomes by identifying the pathways through which discrimination affects outcomes, examining boundary conditions to explain when discrimination is most harmful for employees, and exploring a potential third variable explanation for discrimination–outcome relationships. Mediation tests indicated that workplace discrimination is associated with employee outcomes through both job stress and justice. Moderator analyses showed that discrimination appears to be most detrimental when it is observed rather than personally experienced, interpersonal rather than formal, and measured broadly rather than specifically. We also found that discrimination–outcome relationships differ across work and nonwork contexts and as a function of the social identity targeted by discrimination. Discrimination generally explained meaningful incremental variance in outcomes after controlling for the effects of negative affectivity, but the relationships between discrimination and health were substantially decreased. We conclude by offering a constructive critique of the empirical discrimination literature and by detailing an agenda for future research.
Fatal cardiac arrest in pediatric heart transplant recipients: Query of the UNOS database
Authors: Loar Robert W. , Denfield Susan W. , Morris Shaine A. , Tunuguntla Hari P. , Cabrera Antonio G. , Price Jack F. , Zhang Wei , Hosek Katherine , Kim Jeffrey J. , Dreyer William J. , Jeewa Aamir 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe incidence of death by CA after PHTx is unknown. We aimed to determine the incidence and factors for fatal CA after PHTx, and whether a PM affects survival. Retrospective cohort study utilizing the United Network of Organ Sharing registry of patients transplanted ≤18 years. Multivariable analyses in hazard‐function domain and Kaplan‐Meier analyses were performed for an outcome of death due to CA. There were 7719 PHTx patients queried. CA was the reported cause of death in 11%. Age ≥13 years at time of transplant, presence of a PM, and depressed EF were identified as significant factors for fatal CA. Death due to CA beyond 10 years post‐transplant was associated with depressed EF, CAV, and presence of a PM. Kaplan‐Meier analysis demonstrated higher likelihood of fatal CA in patients with CAV and in those with a PM vs those without. In total, 15% of patients with a PM died from CA. CA is a relatively common cause of death after PHTx. The benefit of a PM remains unclear, but its presence does not confer complete protection. Patients with associated factors warrant vigilant surveillance and consideration for retransplantation.
Using trial‐level data and multilevel modeling to investigate within‐task change in event‐related potentials
Authors: Volpert‐Esmond Hannah I. , Merkle Edgar C. , Levsen Meredith P. , Ito Tiffany A. , Bartholow Bruce D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEEG data, and specifically the ERP, provide psychologists with the power to examine quickly occurring cognitive processes at the native temporal resolution at which they occur. Despite the advantages conferred by ERPs to examine processes at different points in time, ERP researchers commonly ignore the trial‐to‐trial temporal dimension by collapsing across trials of similar types (i.e., the signal averaging approach) because of constraints imposed by repeated measures ANOVA. Here, we present the advantages of using multilevel modeling (MLM) to examine trial‐level data to investigate change in neurocognitive processes across the course of an experiment. Two examples are presented to illustrate the usefulness of this technique. The first demonstrates decreasing differentiation in N170 amplitude to faces of different races across the course of a race categorization task. The second demonstrates attenuation of the ERN as participants commit more errors within a task designed to measure implicit racial bias. Although the examples presented here are within the realm of social psychology, the use of MLM to analyze trial‐level EEG data has the potential to contribute to a number of different theoretical domains within psychology.
Detection of deception: Event‐related potential markers of attention and cognitive control during intentional false responses
Authors: Gibbons Henning , Schnuerch Robert , Wittinghofer Christina , Armbrecht Anne‐Simone , Stahl Jutta 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSuccessful deception requires the coordination of multiple mental processes, such as attention, conflict monitoring, and the regulation of emotion. We employed a simple classification task, assessing ERPs to further investigate the attentional and cognitive control components of (instructed) deception. In Experiment 1, 20 participants repeatedly categorized visually presented names of five animals and five plants. Prior to the experiment, however, each participant covertly selected one animal and one plant for deliberate misclassification. For these critical items, we observed significantly increased response times (RTs), error rates, and amplitudes of three ERP components: anterior P3a indicating the processing of task relevance, medial‐frontal negativity reflecting conflict monitoring, and posterior P3b indicating sustained visual attention. In a blind identification of the individual critical words based on a priori defined criteria, an algorithm using two behavioral and two ERP measures combined showed a sensitivity of 0.73 and a specificity of 0.95, thus performing far above chance (0.2/0.2). Experiment 2 used five clothing and five furniture names and successfully replicated the findings of Experiment 1 in 25 new participants. For detection of the critical words, the algorithm from Experiment 1 was reused with only slight adjustments of the ERP time windows. This resulted in a very high detection performance (sensitivity 0.88, specificity 0.94) and significantly outperformed an algorithm based on RT alone. Thus, at least under controlled laboratory conditions, a highly accurate detection of instructed lies via the attentional and cognitive control components is feasible, and benefits strongly from combined behavioral and ERP measures.
Politics of Disclosure: Organizational Transparency as Multiactor Negotiation
Authors: Heimstädt Maximilian , Dobusch Leonhard 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTransparency is in vogue, yet it is often used as an umbrella concept for a wide array of phenomena. More focused concepts are needed to understand the form and function of different phenomena of visibility. In this article, the authors define organizational transparency as systematic disclosure programs that meet the information needs of other actors. Organizational transparency, they argue, is best studied as an interorganizational negotiation process on the field level. To evaluate its merit, the authors apply this framework to a case study on the introduction of open data in the Berlin city administration. Analyzing the politics of disclosure, they consider the similarities and differences between phenomena of visibility (e.g., open data, freedom of information), explore the transformative power of negotiating transparency, and deduce recommendations for managing transparency.
Models of care for non‐invasive ventilation in the Acute COPD Comparison of three Tertiary hospitals (ACT3) study
Authors: Parker Kerry , Perikala Vara , Aminazad Ali , Deng Zheng , Borg Brigitte , Buchan Catherine , Toghill Jo , Irving Louis B. , Goldin Jeremy , Charlesworth David , Mahal Ajay , Illesinghe Suhith , Naughton Matthew T. , Young Alan 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveNon‐invasive ventilation (NIV) improves clinical outcomes in hypercapnic acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD), but the optimal model of care remains unknown.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational non‐inferiority study comparing three models of NIV care: general ward (Ward) (1:4 nurse to patient ratio, thrice weekly consultant ward round), a high dependency unit (HDU) (1:2 ratio, twice daily ward round) and an intensive care unit (ICU) (1:1 ratio, twice daily ward round) model in three similar teaching tertiary hospitals. Changes in arterial blood gases (ABG) and clinical outcomes were compared and corrected for differences in AECOPD severity (Blood urea > 9 mmol/L, Altered mental status (Glasgow coma scale (GCS) < 14), Pulse > 109 bpm, age > 65 (BAP‐65)) and co‐morbidities. An economic analysis was also undertaken.ResultsThere was no significant difference in age (70 ± 10 years), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (0.84 ± 0.35 L), initial pH (7.29 ± 0.08), partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood (PaCO2) (72 ± 22 mm Hg) or BAP‐65 scores (2.9 ± 1.01) across the three models. The Ward achieved an increase in pH (0.12 ± 0.07) and a decrease in PaCO2 (12 ± 18 mm Hg) that was equivalent to HDU and ICU. However, the Ward treated more patients (38 vs 28 vs 15, P < 0.001), for a longer duration in the first 24 h (12.3 ± 4.8 vs 7.9 ± 4.1 vs 8.4 ± 5.3 h, P < 0.05) and was more cost‐effective per treatment day ($AUD 1231 ± 382 vs 1745 ± 2673 vs 2386 ± 1120, P < 0.05) than HDU and ICU. ICU had a longer hospital stay (9 ± 11 vs 7 ± 7 vs 13 ± 28 days, P < 0.002) compared with the Ward and HDU. There was no significant difference in intubation rate or survival.ConclusionIn acute hypercapnic Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, the Ward model of NIV care achieved equivalent clinical outcomes, whilst being more cost‐effective than HDU or ICU models.
Aging and Cardiometabolic Risk in European HEMS Pilots: An Assessment of Occupational Old‐Age Limits as a Regulatory Risk Management Strategy
Authors: Bauer Hans , Nowak Dennis , Herbig Britta 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOld‐age limits are imposed in some occupations in an effort to ensure public safety. In aviation, the “Age 60 Rule” limits permissible flight operations conducted by pilots aged 60 and over. Using a retrospective cohort design, we assessed this rule's validity by comparing age‐related change rates of cardiometabolic incapacitation risk markers in European helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) pilots near age 60 with those in younger pilots. Specifically, individual clinical, laboratory, and electrocardiogram (ECG)‐based risk markers and an overall cardiovascular event risk score were determined from aeromedical examination records of 66 German, Austrian, Polish, and Czech HEMS pilots (average follow‐up 8.52 years). Risk marker change rates were assessed using linear mixed models and generalized additive models. Body mass index increases over time were slower in pilots near age 60 compared to younger pilots, and fasting glucose levels increased only in the latter. Whereas the lipid profile remained unchanged in the latter, it improved in the former. An ECG‐based arrhythmia risk marker increased in younger pilots, which persisted in the older pilots. Six‐month risk of a fatal cardiovascular event (in or out of cockpit) was estimated between 0% and 0.3%. Between 41% and 95% of risk marker variability was due to unexplained time‐stable between‐person differences. To conclude, the cardiometabolic risk marker profile of HEMS pilots appears to improve over time in pilots near age 60, compared to younger pilots. Given large stable interindividual differences, we recommend individualized risk assessment of HEMS pilots near age 60 instead of general grounding.
Family functioning evaluated by family members of older patients and nurses in emergency departments
Authors: Demidenko Jekaterina , Routasalo Pirkko , Helminen Mika , Paavilainen Eija , Suominen Tarja 
Published: December 2017

The functioning of families in emergency departments (EDs) encompasses the level at which the families of older patients perform as a whole during the ED stay. Currently, little is known about how the families of older patients function in EDs. In this study, family functioning included the subareas of family strengths, structural factors and relationships both inside and outside the family. The study aimed to describe family functioning in EDs as evaluated by both the family members (n = 111) of older patients and nurses (n = 93). The data were collected from four Estonian hospitals, and the scale used was the Family Functioning, Health and Social Support scale. The results showed that both the family members and nurses evaluated family functioning and all its subareas as being moderate. Family structural factors were found to be associated with the family members’ social status. The scores in the subareas were higher when older patients had received help from family members before the ED visit. The family members and nurses differed significantly in the scores they gave for family functioning in general and for all the subareas. No association was found between family functioning as rated by nurses and the families’ demographic characteristics. These results suggest that nurses should pay more attention to family functioning in general and to the structural factors within the family, including internal relationships, while older patients are in the ED. Comprehensive knowledge about how families function during an ED stay may help nurses to better meet the needs of older patients and their families and help them to prepare families to provide aftercare at home. Our findings support the idea that healthcare organisation and delivery should be more family centred.
Substantial injuries influence ranking position in young elite athletes of athletics, cross‐country skiing and orienteering
Authors: von Rosen P. , Heijne A. 
Published: December 2017

The relationship between injury and performance in young athletes is scarcely studied. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the association between injury prevalence and ranking position among adolescent elite athletes. One hundred and sixty‐two male and female adolescent elite athletes (age range 15‐19), competing in athletics (n = 59), cross‐country skiing (n = 66), and orienteering (n = 37), were monitored weekly over 22‐47 weeks using a web‐based injury questionnaire. Ranking lists were collected. A significant (P = .003) difference was found in the seasonal substantial injury prevalence across the ranked athletes over the season, where the top‐ranked (median 3.6%, 25‐75th percentiles 0%‐14.3%) and middle‐ranked athletes (median 2.3%, 25‐75th percentiles 0%‐10.0%) had a lower substantial injury prevalence compared to the low‐ranked athletes (median 11.3%, 25‐75th percentiles 2.5%‐27.1%), during both preseason (P = .002) and competitive season (P = .031). Athletes who improved their ranking position (51%, n = 51) reported a lower substantial injury prevalence (median 0%, 25‐75th percentiles 0%‐10.0%) compared to those who decreased (49%, n = 49) their ranking position (md 6.7%, 25‐75th percentiles 0%‐22.5%). In the top‐ranked group, no athlete reported substantial injury more than 40% of all data collection time points compared to 9.6% (n = 5) in the middle‐ranked, and 17.3% (n = 9) in the low‐ranked group. Our results provide supporting evidence that substantial injuries, such as acute and overuse injuries leading to moderate or severe reductions in training or sports performance, influence ranking position in adolescent elite athletes. The findings are crucial to stakeholders involved in adolescent elite sports and support the value of designing effective preventive interventions for substantial injuries.