bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direction-fixed and Direction-changing Positional Nystagmus in Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
Authors: Kim Chang-Hee , Choi Jin Woo , Han Kyu Jin , Lee Yong Sik , Shin Jung Eun 
Published: January 2018

Objectives:
To investigate the incidence of positional nystagmus (PN) using a head-roll test in patients with Ramsay Hunt syndrome with vertigo (RHS_V) and discuss possible mechanisms.

Study Design:
Retrospective study.

Setting:
Tertiary referral academic medical center.

Patients:
Twenty-eight patients with RHS_V were enrolled.

Main Outcome Measure:
Eye movements were recorded at positions of head roll to the right or left, and PN was classified as direction-fixed or direction-changing. Vestibular function tests including caloric test were performed.

Results:
Direction-fixed nystagmus beating away from the affected side was the most common type of PN (61%), followed by direction-changing geotropic type (18%), direction-fixed nystagmus beating toward the affected side (14%), and direction-changing apogeotropic type (7%). The duration of nystagmus was longer than 60 seconds in all patients exhibiting direction-changing PN. Postcontrast T1-weighted internal auditory canal (IAC) magnetic resonance imaging showed enhancement of not only the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves, but also the inner ear structures or dura along the IAC, suggesting inflammatory changes within the labyrinthine membrane or IAC dura.

Conclusion:
Although direction-fixed PN was more commonly observed (75%), direction-changing PN was also observed in some RHS_V patients (25%). The mechanism of direction-changing PN may be, at least in part, explained by the alteration of specific gravity of the lateral semicircular canal cupula or endolymph due to inflammation in the inner ear membrane.
Patterns and Predictors of Return to Work After Major Trauma
Authors: Collie Alex , Simpson Pamela M. , Cameron Peter A. , Ameratunga Shanthi , Ponsford Jennie , Lyons Ronan A. , Braaf Sandra , Nunn Andrew , Harrison James E. , Gabbe Belinda J. 
Published: January 2018

Objective:
To characterize patterns of engagement in work during the 4-year period after major traumatic injury, and to identify factors associated with those patterns.

Background:
Employment is an important marker of functional recovery from injury. There are few population-based studies of long-term employment outcomes, and limited data on the patterns of return to work (RTW) after injury.

Methods:
A population-based, prospective cohort study using the Victorian State Trauma Registry. A total of 1086 working age individuals, in paid employment or full-time education before injury, were followed-up through telephone interview at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months post-injury. Responses to RTW questions were used to define 4 discrete patterns: early and sustained; delayed; failed; no RTW. Predictors of RTW patterns were assessed using multivariate multinomial logistic regression.

Results:
Slightly more than half of respondents (51.6%) recorded early sustained RTW. A further 15.5% had delayed and 13.3% failed RTW. One in 5 (19.7%) did not RTW. Compared with early sustained RTW, predictors of delayed and no RTW included being in a manual occupation and injury in a motor vehicle accident. Older age and receiving compensation predicted both failed and no RTW patterns. Preinjury disability was an additional predictor of failed RTW. Presence of comorbidity was an additional predictor of no RTW.

Conclusions:
A range of personal, occupational, injury, health, and compensation system factors influence RTW patterns after serious injury. Early identification of people at risk for delayed, failed, or no RTW is needed so that targeted interventions can be delivered.
Long-term prevalence data reveals spillover dynamics in a multi-host (Artemia), multi-parasite (Microsporidia) community
Authors: Lievens Eva J.P. , Rode Nicolas O. , Landes Julie , Segard Adeline , Jabbour-Zahab Roula , Michalakis Yannis , Lenormand Thomas 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn the study of multi-host parasites, it is often found that host species contribute asymmetrically to parasite transmission, with cascading effects on parasite dynamics and overall community structure. Yet, identifying which of the host species contribute to parasite transmission and maintenance is a recurring challenge. Here, we approach this issue by taking advantage of natural variation in the community composition of host species. We studied the horizontally transmitted microsporidiansAnostracospora rigaudiandEnterocytospora artemiaein a Southern French metacommunity of their brine shrimp hosts,Artemia franciscanaandArtemia parthenogenetica. Within the metacommunity, patches can contain either or both of theArtemiahost species, so that long-term prevalence data can provide a direct link between the presence of the two host species and the persistence of the two parasites. First, we show that the microsporidianA. rigaudiis a spillover parasite: it was unable to persist in the absence of its maintenance hostA. parthenogenetica. This result was particularly striking in light ofA. rigaudi’shigh prevalence (in the field) and high infectivity (when tested in the lab) in both hosts. Moreover,A. parthenogenetica’sseasonal presence imposed seasonality on the rate of spillover, causing cyclical pseudo-endemics in the spillover hostA. franciscana. Second, while our prevalence data was sufficient to identifyE. artemiaeas either a spillover or a facultative multi-host parasite, we could not distinguish between the two possibilities. This study supports the importance of studying the community context of multi-host parasites, and demonstrates that in appropriate multi-host systems, sampling across a range of conditions and host communities can lead to clear conclusions about the drivers of parasite persistence.
An exploratory study of student engagement at transnational education initiatives
Authors: Maxwell-Stuart Rebecca , Huisman Jeroen 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
Although there is increasing insight in student engagement (SE) in higher education, there is limited insight in how students experience SE in a transnational setting. The purpose of this paper is to explore SE perceptions and transnational experiences. A model, derived from the literature, representing four student identities (consumer, partner, co-creator and citizen) guides the empirical analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a phenomenological approach, 18 in-depth interviews were carried out with students (business and management) enroled in transnational education initiatives of three Scottish universities in India, Singapore and the United Arab Emirates.

Findings
Students primarily identify the partner and consumer model. Significant levels of apathy were found, not only at the level of the students, but also the staff and the university.

Research limitations/implications
Although the study was based on a relatively small sample, it does highlight the impact of the context (external commitments part-time students, “fly in” staff from home campus) on levels of SE.

Practical implications
Stressing again that the study was explorative, the key practical message is that ultimately meaningful dialogue on SE between all stakeholders – inside and outside – needs to take place to forestall a vicious circle of apathy that would be detrimental for quality (assurance).

Originality/value
This is one of the first papers on SE in a transnational context and offers a solid point of departure for follow-up research.
The challenges of managing transnational education partnerships
Authors: Healey Nigel Martin 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the challenges of managing transnational education (TNE) partnerships from the perspective of the home university managers.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopts a qualitative, “insider researcher” methodology’. It uses a sample set of eight mangers who operate from the home university and 13 “in-country” managers who are seconded to head up the overseas TNE partnerships. The samples are all drawn from UK universities to standardise for other variables (e.g. legislative framework).

Findings
It finds that the managers based at the home campus report a generally negative attitude, emphasising the riskiness and the lack of scalability, sustainably and profitability, as well as the general resistance to TNE from staff on the home campus. The in-country managers, in contrast, experience the same lack of empathy from their peers at home, but this group tends to more closely associate themselves with their local colleagues and to be drawn into building relationships with local stakeholders.

Research limitations/implications
The limitation of this research is that it is based on a sample of managers from the same country.

Practical implications
In practical terms, the findings suggest that universities need to do more to increase awareness and commitment to their TNE partnerships amongst staff at the home campus, while providing better professional development and more frequent rotations for their in-country managers.

Originality/value
This paper extends the very limited literature on the management of TNE partnerships.
How supply chain analytics enables operational supply chain transparency
Authors: Zhu Suning , Song Jiahe , Hazen Benjamin T. , Lee Kang , Cegielski Casey 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe global business environment combined with increasing societal expectations of sustainable business practices challenges firms with a host of emerging risk factors. As such, firms seek to increase supply chain transparency, enabling them to monitor operational activities and manage supply chain risks. Drawing on organizational information processing theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine how supply chain analytics (SCA) capabilities support operational supply chain transparency.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from 477 survey participants, hypotheses are tested using seemingly unrelated regression.FindingsThe results reveal that: analytics capability in support of planning functions indirectly affects organizational supply chain transparency (OSCT) via SCA capabilities in source, make, and deliver functions; SCA capabilities in source, make, and deliver positively influence OSCT; and supply uncertainty moderates the relationship between SCA capabilities in make and OSCT.Research limitations/implicationsThis research suffers from limitations inherent in all survey-based research. Nonetheless, the authors found convincing evidence that suggests firms can employ SCA capabilities to meet transparency requirements.Practical implicationsThe findings inform design of SCA systems, noting the importance of linking planning tools with tools that support source, make, and deliver functions. The research also shows how transparency can be increased via employing SCA capabilities.Originality/valueThis is one of first studies to empirically demonstrate that SCA capabilities can be used to increase supply chain transparency. The research also advances organizational information processing theory by illustrating an analytics capability paradox, where increased levels of certain analytics capabilities can become counterproductive in the face of supplier uncertainty.
Religious beliefs and the promotion of socially responsible entrepreneurship in the Indian agribusiness industry
Authors: Gill Amarjit , Mathur Neil 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between religious beliefs and socially responsible investment in the Indian agricultural industry.

Design/methodology/approach
Owners of small agribusiness firms from India were interviewed regarding their perceptions of religious beliefs and socially responsible investment in the agricultural industry.

Findings
The survey indicates that while religious beliefs and internal financing sources increase perceived socially responsible investment, the higher cost of debt capital decreases perceived socially responsible investment in the Indian agricultural industry. The higher level of internal financing sources, however, decreases the perceived cost of debt capital which may increase socially responsible investment in the Indian agricultural industry.

Research limitations/implications
This is a co-relational study that investigated the association between religious beliefs and socially responsible investment. There is not necessarily a causal relationship between the two. The findings of this study may only be generalized to firms similar to those that were included in this research.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature on the factors that increase socially responsible investment in the agricultural industry. The study also provides critical policy recommendations to minimize managerial implications. The findings may be useful for financial managers, agribusiness owners (farmers), investors, agribusiness management consultants, and other stakeholders.
Entrepreneurial coaching: how to be modeled and measured?
Authors: Ben Salem Anis , Lakhal Lassaad 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to model the coaching practice on the one hand, and, on the other, develop and validate an integrative measurement scale that is associated to the following dimensions, namely, the coach’s enforcement of standards, the coach’s empathy and the coach’s expectation for entrepreneurial performance.

Design/methodology/approach
An empirical study of 111 Tunisian successors, which is based on the structural equation method, has enabled mentioning that the required dimensions are the coach’s enforcement of standards, the coach’s empathy and the coach’s expectation for entrepreneurial performance.

Findings
First, the coach’s enforcement of standards and the coach’s empathy are the main parts of the coaching practice in regard to the Tunisian successors. Second, this study shows that it is necessary to include entrepreneurial behavior on the research that treats successor’s coaching.

Originality/value
Coaching programs concern essentially employees and orient their careers through assistance, advice and orientation. However, although successors face some hardships throughout their careers, they are outside the focus of attention. Thus, this study contributes to the coaching literature by modeling the coaching practice and by developing and validating an entrepreneurial coaching scale.
Sexual signals reveal males’ oxidative stress defences: Testing this hypothesis in an invertebrate
Authors: Martínez‐Lendech Norma , Golab Maria J. , Osorio‐Beristain Marcela , Contreras‐Garduño Jorge 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

The hypothesis that sexual traits reveal the oxidative stress resistance of their bearers has been widely tested in vertebrates but remains unexplored in invertebrates. Here, Hetaerina americana was used to test whether oxidative stress defences are advertised by male wing spot size and colour (a male sexual trait). To this end, we investigated (1) whether oxidative stress reduced survival, (2) whether wing spot size revealed males’ antioxidant defences and (3) how wing spot size and colour were affected by oxidative stress.

We elevated oxidative stress by injecting adult males with paraquat (PQ, a compound that favours the production of free radicals) and then examined how this affected male survival and wing spot size. We then related the expression of wing spot size to indicators of oxidative stress—hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), super oxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)—in adult males (whose wing spot is fixed) injected with PQ. In teneral males, whose wing spots are still forming, we compared wing spot size, colour (red and yellow chroma) and brightness in individuals injected with PQ or water as a control.

Oxidative stress reduced the survival of adult and teneral males. While the H2O2 and TAC markers of antioxidant defences were positively correlated with wing spot size, there was no correlation with CAT and a negative correlation with SOD. In teneral males, PQ increased the yellow chroma and brightness of wing spots, but did not affect spot size or red chroma.

Our results highlight the importance of measuring different markers as indicators of male oxidative stress defences, and that the sexual signals of invertebrates may reveal the oxidative stress status of their bearers.

A plain language summary is available for this article.
Mapping extinction debt highlights conservation opportunities for birds and mammals in the South American Chaco
Authors: Semper‐Pascual Asunción , Macchi Leandro , Sabatini Francesco Maria , Decarre Julieta , Baumann Matthias , Blendinger Pedro G. , Gómez‐Valencia Bibiana , Mastrangelo Matías E. , Kuemmerle Tobias 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Habitat loss is the primary cause of local extinctions. Yet, there is considerable uncertainty regarding how fast species respond to habitat loss, and how time‐delayed responses vary in space.

We focused on the Argentine Dry Chaco (c. 32 million ha), a global deforestation hotspot, and tested for time‐delayed response of bird and mammal communities to landscape transformation. We quantified the magnitude of extinction debt by modelling contemporary species richness as a function of either contemporary or past (2000 and 1985) landscape patterns. We then used these models to map communities' extinction debt.

We found strong evidence for an extinction debt: landscape structure from 2000 explained contemporary species richness of birds and mammals better than contemporary and 1985 landscapes. This suggests time‐delayed responses between 10 and 25 years. Extinction debt was especially strong for forest specialists.

Projecting our models across the Chaco highlighted areas where future local extinctions due to unpaid extinction debt are likely. Areas recently converted to agriculture had highest extinction debt, regardless of the post‐conversion land use. Few local extinctions were predicted in areas with remaining larger forest patches.

Synthesis and applications. The evidence for an unpaid extinction debt in the Argentine Dry Chaco provides a substantial window of opportunity for averting local biodiversity losses. However, this window may close rapidly if conservation activities such as habitat restoration are not implemented swiftly. Our extinction debt maps highlight areas where such conservation activities should be implemented.
An integrated phenology modelling framework in r
Authors: Hufkens Koen , Basler David , Milliman Tom , Melaas Eli K. , Richardson Andrew D. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Phenology is a first‐order control on productivity and mediates the biophysical environment by altering albedo, surface roughness length and evapotranspiration. Accurate and transparent modelling of vegetation phenology is therefore key in understanding feedbacks between the biosphere and the climate system.

Here, we present the phenor r package and modelling framework. The framework leverages measurements of vegetation phenology from four common phenology observation datasets, the PhenoCam network, the USA National Phenology Network (USA‐NPN), the Pan European Phenology Project (PEP725), MODIS phenology (MCD12Q2) combined with (global) retrospective and projected climate data.

We show an example analysis, using the phenor modelling framework, which quickly and easily compares 20 included spring phenology models for three plant functional types. An analysis of model skill using the root mean squared (RMSE) error shows little or no difference regardless of model structure, corroborating previous studies. We argue that addressing this issue will require novel model development combined with easy data assimilation as facilitated by our framework.

In conclusion, we hope the phenor phenology modelling framework in the r language and environment for statistical computing will facilitate reproducibility and community driven phenology model development, in order to increase their overall predictive power, and leverage an ever growing number of phenology data products.
The Value of Rents: Global Commodity Chains and Small Cocoa Producers in Ecuador
Authors: Purcell Thomas , Martinez‐Esguerra Estefania , Fernandez Nora 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDrawing on the Marxian theory of ground rent, this paper develops an analysis of “global commodity chains” (GCCs) with agrarian roots. There is an acknowledgement that the concentrated downstream governance of primary commodity‐based GCCs has created a set of “asymmetrical” power relations which blocks the transmission of value upstream towards small producers. This paper argues that this research under‐specifies what is meant by value and rent, and in doing so marginalises the analysis of value production before its journey through inter‐firm relations. We demonstrate the importance of theorising the value constitution of commodities produced on the land and the forces that contest the payment of ground rent and thereby shape the geography of GCCs. Based on empirical research conducted around Ecuador's “post‐neoliberal” cocoa re‐activation plan, we identify the class politics and production mechanisms through which value and rent escapes the hands of a stratified network of small owner producers.
Letter: more studies are needed to elucidate the impact of HBV/HCV coinfection on cirrhosis and its consequences
Authors: Huang R. , Zhang Z. , Wang J. , Xiong Y. , Wu C. 
Published: January 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Pol et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14352 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14476.
A temporary glacier‐surge ice‐dammed lake, Braganzavågen, Svalbard
Authors: Lyså Astrid , Larsen Eiliv A. , Høgaas Fredrik , Jensen Maria A. , Klug Martin , Rubensdotter Lena , Szczuciński Witold 
Published: January 2018

A prominent thrust‐moraine system formed in the inner van Mijenfjorden, Svalbard, during a surge event in a tributary fjord, creating a large temporary lake. Based on geomorphological, sedimentological, stratigraphical and chronological data, the lake began to form shortly after 648–551 cal. a BP. At its maximum, the lake covered an estimated area of 77 km2 with a water volume of 1.2 km3. Lake sediment up to 80 cm thick was rapidly deposited on top of terrestrial and marine sediments. At its maximum extent, the short‐lived lake was the largest of any known Holocene lake in Svalbard. Modern river discharge would fill the lake to its highest shoreline at 23 m a.s.l. in only one season. Drainage was stepwise, as evidenced by four shorelines and abandoned drainage channels. This study has taken advantage of a unique suite of data available for such an ice‐dammed lake. The results demonstrate the power of a multidisciplinary approach for recognizing lake events in the geological record, which is essential given the low preservation potential of such sediments.
Revegetation, restoration and reptiles in rural landscapes: Insights from long‐term monitoring programmes in the temperate eucalypt woodlands of south‐eastern Australia
Authors: Michael Damian R. , Crane Mason , Florance Daniel , Lindenmayer David B. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryOver the past decade, there has been a concerted effort to better understand the distribution and abundance of reptiles in agricultural landscapes and to specifically evaluate their response to revegetation (tree and shrub plantings) and habitat restoration in the wheat‐sheep belt of south‐eastern Australia. This article reviews the response of reptiles to revegetation and woodland management and provides ten insights and lessons that can be applied to help improve reptile conservation in temperate eucalypt woodlands and fragmented agricultural landscapes in Australia. The review focuses primarily on revegetation programmes conducted by Landcare and Greening Australia, and management interventions funded by Local Land Services in NSW and Catchment Management Authorities in Victoria.