bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrastriatally Infused Exogenous CDNF Is Endocytosed and Retrogradely Transported to Substantia Nigra
Authors: Mätlik Kert , Vihinen Helena , Bienemann Ali , Palgi Jaan , Voutilainen Merja H. , Booms Sigrid , Lindahl Maria , Jokitalo Eija , Saarma Mart , Huttunen Henri J. , Airavaara Mikko , Arumäe Urmas 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) protects the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) neurons in rodent models of Parkinson’s disease and restores DA circuitry when delivered after these neurons have begun to degenerate. These DA neurons have been suggested to transport striatal CDNF retrogradely to the substantia nigra (SN). However, in cultured cells the binding and internalization of extracellular CDNF has not been reported. The first aim of this study was to examine the cellular localization and pharmacokinetic properties of recombinant human CDNF (rhCDNF) protein after its infusion into rat brain parenchyma. Second, we aimed to study whether the transport of rhCDNF from the striatum to the SN results from its retrograde transport via DA neurons or from its anterograde transport via striatal GABAergic projection neurons. We show that after intrastriatal infusion, rhCDNF diffuses rapidly and broadly, and is cleared with a half-life of 5.5 h. Confocal microscopy analysis of brain sections at 2 and 6 h after infusion of rhCDNF revealed its widespread unspecific internalization by cortical and striatal neurons, exhibiting different patterns of subcellular rhCDNF distribution. Electron microscopy analysis showed that rhCDNF is present inside the endosomes and multivesicular bodies. In addition, we present data that after intrastriatal infusion the rhCDNF found in the SN is almost exclusively localized to the DA neurons, thus showing that it is retrogradely transported.
Benefícios do bem-estar animal na produtividade e na sanidade de ovinos
Authors: Lino Diego Marostica , Pinheiro Rafael Silvio Bonilha , Ortunho Vanessa Veronese 
Published: February 2017

RESUMODebates sobre a preservação do meio ambiente e criações de animais produzidos com bem-estar animal vem ganhando muito destaque nos últimos anos. A ovinocultura para atender as exigências do mercado atual tem feito investimentos nos sistemas de produção no manejo racional dos ovinos, sem esquecer os princípios básicos de sanidade e nutrição animais. Essa revisão tem como objetivo reunir informações de pesquisas científicas e trabalhos técnicos que tem comentado sobre os benefícios do bem-estar animal na produtividade e na sanidade de ovinos. PALAVRAS CHAVES: Ovinocultura. Produção animal. Saúde animal. ABSTRACTDebates on the preservation of the environment and animal creations produced with animal welfare is gaining much prominence in recent years. The sheep industry to meet the demands of the current market has made investments in production systems in the rational management of sheep, without forgetting the basic principles of health and nutrition animals. This review aims to gather scientific research information and technical work that has commented on the benefits of animal welfare in productivity and health of sheep. KEYWORDS: Animal health. Animal production. Sheep industry. RESUMENLos debates sobre la conservación de las creaciones de medio ambiente y de los animales producidos con el bienestar animal está ganando mucho protagonismo en los últimos años. La industria de las ovejas para satisfacer las exigencias del mercado actual ha hecho inversiones en los sistemas de producción en la gestión racional de ovejas, sin olvidar los principios básicos de los animales de salud y nutrición. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo recoger información investigación científica y el trabajo técnico que se ha comentado sobre los beneficios de bienestar animal en la productividad y la salud de las ovejas. PALABRAS CLAVE: Ganado. Oveja. Salud de los animales.
“The synapses colapse; well, let them…” el feminismo postmoderno de the stone diaries de Carol Shields
Authors: Garcia-Avello Macarena 
Published: February 2017

Este artículo examina la manera en que la metaficción postmoderna de Carol Shields en The Stone Diaries sirve de punto de partida para una crítica feminista desde la que se explora el carácter relacional y fragmentario del sujeto femenino. Aunque la crítica haya incidido en la vertiente feminista de la novela de Carol Shields, The Stone Diaries, el papel que juega el postmodernismo en la crítica feminista ha pasado desapercibido. El objetivo de este artículo es, por tanto, ahondar en la manera en que el feminismo se intercala con el postmodernismo en la obra de Shields. A lo largo de este se demostrará cómo la confluencia entre la condición postmoderna y la construcción de la subjetividad de la protagonista proporciona a la obra una función política.
Palabras clave: postmodernismo, feminismo, política, The Stone Diaries

This article examines the way in which postmodern metafiction in Carol Shields´ s The Stone Diaries can be understood as a starting point to explore the relational and fragmentary subjectivity from a feminist standpoint. Although most analysis on The Stone Diaries put an emphasis on the importance of feminism, the influence of postmodernism in Shields´s novel has been commonly overlooked. This article aims to delve into the interaction between feminism and postmodernism in order to demonstrate how this interplay provides the novel with a political function.

Key words: postmodernism, feminism, politics, The Stone Diaries.
OS PARADOXOS DA ACUMULAÇÃO FLEXÍVEL E SEUS REFLEXOS NA EXPLORAÇÃO DAS MULHERES DA CLASSE TRABALHADORA EM SANTA CATARINA/BRASIL
Authors: Almeida Debora Aparecida 
Published: February 2017

O presente texto aborda questões relativas à exploração de mulheres trabalhadoras no Estado de Santa Catarina (Brasil) em período recente. A reflexão tem por base método de pesquisa permeado de estudo reflexivo e dialético e levantamentos bibliográficos e documentais. No desenvolvimento da argumentação, contextualiza questões concernentes às mudanças no mercado de trabalho relacionadas ao processo de acumulação flexível, destacadamente a exploração da mão-de-obra feminina, apreendida como ponto crucial para a análise de avanços e retrocessos do papel da mulher sob o enfoque capitalista. Conclui que a exploração desenfreada do capital tende a aumentar a desigualdade de gênero, na verdade, torna-a ainda mais perigosa. Palavras-chave: Acumulação flexível, exploração, mulheres.
A DIVISÃO SEXUAL DO TRABALHO NA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR: entre a invisibilidade e a desvalorização do trabalho (re)produtivo de mulheres trabalhadoras rurais do município de Brejo/MA frente à expansão da monocultura de soja
Authors: Santos Nilma Angélica dos 
Published: February 2017

O presente artigo faz uma caracterização da divisão sexual do trabalho na agricultura familiar, destacando que o caráter produtivo da mão de obra feminina nesse contexto é invisibilizado e destituído de seu reconhecimento social enquanto trabalho. Discute o processo de dominação/exploração no qual as mulheres estão inseridas mediante sua condição de gênero e sua posição socioeconômica desfavorável enquanto agricultoras familiares camponesas. Demonstra, ainda, como as mulheres são especialmente afetadas pelo processo de expropriação da terra e dos demais recursos da agricultura familiar camponesa no domínio da expansão do agronegócio da soja na região.Palavras-chave: Mulher, divisão sexual do trabalho, agricultura familiar, agronegócio.
LA “ACTUALIZACIÓN” DEL SOCIALISMO CUBANO: otra mirada desde sus utópias
Authors: Salazar Luis Suárez 
Published: February 2017

Este ensayo presenta una valoración crítica de la “actualización del modelo económico cubano” aprobada en abril del 2011 por el V Congreso del Partido Comunista de Cuba. Pero a diferencias de otras críticas (ya sean provenientes del pensamiento liberal o desde ciertas interpretaciones de los marxismos) éstas se realizan partiendo de las que su autor denomina “utopías de la Revolución Cubana”; entendiéndolas como una crítica sistemática del pasado-presente a partir de la perenne esperanza de que, en el porvenir, siempre será necesario construir una sociedad y un mundo mejor. En su concepto, en el caso de Cuba, ello implica edificar un socialismo más eficaz, eficiente, económicamente auto sostenido, ecológicamente sustentable y democrático-participativo que el que hasta ahora han conocido las “cinco generaciones políticas” que han defendido y siguen defendiendo las “principales conquistas de la Revolución y del Socialismo”. Palabras claves: Revolución cubana, socialismo cubano, utopía, Partido Comunista de Cuba.
Should Perioperative Antibiotics Be Prescribed Prophylactically for Uncomplicated Single Implant Surgeries?
Authors: Reddy Caitlin M. , Brock Adam W. , Coleman Brandon G. , Erley Kenneth J. , Johnson Thomas M. 
Published: February 2017

Type of Case: A 32‐year‐old female presents missing tooth #5 and requesting replacement with a dental implant. She has an unremarkable medical history. The tooth #5 site is a healed ridge with adequate bone to support an implant without additional augmentation.Clinical Approach #1 (CMR and TMJ): This approach involves routine implant surgery with placement of a healing abutment. Preoperative management includes 2 g amoxicillin 1 hour prior to the procedure and postoperative pain medication. The rationale for use of an antibiotic is to decrease the risk of infection and implant failure and to reduce peri‐implant inflammation during early healing. The desired effect of the antibiotic is to minimize or eliminate the negative effects of bacteria in the wound site and on the implant surface during healing. This clinical approach is recommended to protect the investment of resources and time by the patient and dental team for optimal treatment outcomes.Clinical Approach #2 (AWB, BGC, and KJE): This approach involves routine implant surgery with placement of a healing abutment. Postoperative management includes pain medications without antibiotic use. The rationale for avoidance of antibiotics is to eliminate risk of an adverse drug reaction such as urticaria, anaphylaxis, or gastrointestinal disturbances. Because the evidence justifying antibiotic coverage is considered to be weak, clinicians are advised to consider withholding antibiotic prescriptions for routine implant placement as a means of risk mitigation for the patient and public health in general.
Change in Talar Translation in the Coronal Plane After Mobile-Bearing Total Ankle Replacement and Its Association with Lower-Limb and Hindfoot Alignment
Authors: Yi Young , Cho Jae-Ho , Kim Ji-Beom , Kim Jae-Young , Park Su-Yeon , Lee Woo Chun 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Mobile-bearing total ankle replacement (TAR) enables motion at the tibial implant-polyethylene insert interface. This motion could lead to coronal translation of the talus relative to the tibia and may affect radiographic outcome. We aimed to assess the translation of the talus before and after mobile-bearing TAR to determine whether translation of the talus after TAR is associated with coronal plane alignment of the lower limb and hindfoot as well as to investigate the complications associated with talar translation.

Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 153 patients (159 ankles) with a minimum follow-up of 3 years who underwent mobile-bearing TAR. The location of the talus in the coronal plane was quantified with use of talar center migration (TCM) on anteroposterior radiographs both preoperatively and at postoperative intervals, and the relationship between them was investigated. Radiographic parameters in the coronal plane—including mechanical axis deviation (MAD), lateral distal tibial angle (LDTA), hindfoot alignment angle, and hindfoot moment arm—were measured. The relationship between TCM and radiographic parameters in the coronal plane was assessed in each group. The complications associated with talar translation were examined during the same period.

Results:
During the 36-month follow-up period, the postoperative TCM showed a strong relationship with the preoperative TCM. Moreover, MAD, LDTA, and hindfoot alignment were significantly related to talar translation (p < 0.01). Complications included medial malleolar impingement in 5 cases (including delayed medial malleolar fracture due to medial impingement in 2 cases), insert dislocation in 1 case, and edge-loading in 2 cases; all of the cases with complications demonstrated implant overhang with talar translation.

Conclusions:
Talar translation in the coronal plane after mobile-bearing TAR correlates with the preoperative talar translation. Talar translation arises from deformities of MAD, LDTA, and hindfoot alignment, and it may be accompanied by various complications, as observed on coronal radiography. Therefore, additional realignment procedures for coronal malalignment should be considered to prevent talar translation after mobile-bearing TAR.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Thromboembolic Disease in Patients with Metastatic Femoral Lesions: A Comparison Between Prophylactic Fixation and Fracture Fixation
Authors: Aneja Arun , Jiang Jimmy J. , Cohen-Rosenblum Anna , Luu Hue L. , Peabody Terrance D. , Attar Samer , Luo T. David , Haydon Rex C. 
Published: February 2017

Background:
We are not aware of any previous studies that have compared the rate of venous thromboembolic events in patients who underwent prophylactic intramedullary nailing because of an impending fracture with the rate in patients who underwent intramedullary nailing after a pathological fracture. The objective of the present study was to determine if the rate of venous thromboembolic events varies between patients who are managed with prophylactic fixation and those who are managed with fixation after a pathological fracture.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective comparative study in which the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was used to identify all patients who had undergone femoral stabilization, either for a pathological femoral fracture or for prophylactic fixation of femoral metastatic lesion, over a period of 10 consecutive years (between 2002 and 2011) in the United States. Demographic data, comorbidities, venous thromboembolic event rates, and other common postoperative complications were compared between the 2 groups.

Results:
Patients who were managed with prophylactic fixation had significantly higher rates of pulmonary embolism (p < 0.001; adjusted odds ratio, 2.1) and deep-vein thrombosis (p = 0.03; adjusted odds ratio, 1.5). Patients who were managed with fixation after a pathological fracture had a significantly greater need for blood transfusion, higher rates of postoperative urinary tract infection, and a decreased likelihood of being discharged to home (p < 0.001 for all).

Conclusions:
Patients with metastatic disease who undergo prophylactic intramedullary nailing have higher observed rates of venous thromboembolic events than those who undergo nailing for the treatment of a pathological fracture and should be actively and vigilantly managed in the postoperative period.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Smoking Increases the Rate of Reoperation for Infection within 90 Days After Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Tischler Eric H. , Matsen Ko Laura , Chen Antonia F. , Maltenfort Mitchell G. , Schroeder Jacob , Austin Matthew S. 
Published: February 2017

Background:
The relationship between smoking and complications after total joint arthroplasty is unclear. Prior studies have been limited by relatively small sample sizes or investigation of select cohorts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between smoking and readmission and/or reoperation within 90 days of total joint arthroplasty in a large, non-select cohort of patients.

Methods:
Using our institutional database, we retrospectively identified patients who underwent primary total joint arthroplasty between 2000 and 2014. Patients were stratified into 1 of 3 groups: current smokers, former smokers, and nonsmokers. The association between smoking status and subsequent readmission and/or reoperation within 90 days was investigated using multivariate regression analysis.

Results:
We retrospectively identified 15,264 patients (6,749 male and 8,515 female) who underwent 17,394 total joint arthroplasties during the study period. Of these patients, 1,371 (9.0%) were current smokers, 5,195 (34.0%) were former smokers, and 8,698 (57.0%) were nonsmokers. Former smokers reported a median of 22.2 years (range, 0.2 to 60 years) of abstinence prior to the surgical procedure. Current smokers were significantly younger (p < 0.001) at a mean age (and standard deviation) of 57.7 ± 10.3 years than nonsmokers at 63.2 ± 11.8 years. Current smokers were significantly more likely than nonsmokers to undergo reoperation for infection (odds ratio [OR], 1.82 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03 to 3.23]; p = 0.04), and former smokers were at no increased risk (OR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.73 to 1.69]; p = 0.61). Packs per decade were independently associated with an increased risk of 90-day nonoperative readmission regardless of smoking status (OR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.03 to 1.20]). Lastly, neither smoking status nor packs per decade were associated with aseptic or total reoperations.

Conclusions:
This study, after controlling for confounding factors, demonstrated not only that current smokers have a significantly increased risk of reoperation for infection within 90 days of a surgical procedure compared with nonsmokers, but also that the amount that one has smoked, regardless of current smoking status, significantly contributed to increased risk of nonoperative readmission.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Nanoparticle-Stabilized Carbon Dioxide Foam Used In Enhanced Oil Recovery: Effect of Different Ions and Temperatures
Authors: San Jingshan , Wang Sai , Yu Jianjia , Liu Ning , Lee Robert 
Published: February 2017

Summary
This paper reports the study of the effect of different ions (monovalent, bivalent, and multiple ions) on nanosilica-stabilized carbon dioxide (CO2) foam generation. CO2 foam was generated by coinjecting CO2/5,000 ppm nanosilica dispersion (dispersed in different concentrations of brine) into a sandstone core under 1,500 psi and at different temperatures. A sapphire observation cell was used to determine the foam texture and foam stability. Pressure drop across the core was measured to estimate the foam mobility. The results indicated that more CO2 foam was generated as the sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration increased from 1.0 to 10%. In addition, the foam bubble became smaller and foam stability improved with the increase in NaCl concentration. The CO2-foam mobility decreased from 13.1 to 2.6 md/cp when the NaCl concentration increased from 1 to 10%. For the bivalent ions, the generated CO2-foam mobility decreased from 19.7 to 4.8 md/cp when CaCl2 concentration increased from 0.1 to 1.0%. Synthetic produced water with total dissolved solids (TDS) of 18,583 ppm was prepared to investigate the effect of multiple ions on foam generation. The results showed that stable CO2 foam was generated as the synthetic produced water and nanosilica dispersion/CO2 flowed through a porous medium. The lifetime of the foam was observed to be more than 2 days as the foam stood at room temperature. Mobility of the foam was calculated as 5.2 md/cp.
3 ½in. Coiled Tubing Telemetry System Saves Time and Improves Operational Efficiency During a Multi-Well Campaign in Norway
Authors: Blanco Diego , Sach Manfred , Livescu Silviu 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A newly-developed 3 ½-in. coiled tubing telemetry (CTT) system has been used for the real-time operational optimization of such coiled tubing (CT) applications as milling, cleanout, logging, and perforation, in an offshore multi-well campaign in Norway.
The CTT system consists of surface hardware and software, a dual-purpose wire inside the carrying CT, and the multi-function bottom hole assembly (BHA). The wire transmits electrical power from surface to the downhole sensors located in the BHA and the downhole data from these sensors to surface. The BHA, designed in one of three sizes (i.e., 2 ⅛-, 2 ⅞-, and 3 ½-in.), contains a casing collar locator (CCL) and two pressure and temperature transducers that are capable to measure downhole data inside and outside the BHA. One of the main advantages of the CTT system is its versatility. For instance, switching between applications is as simple as only changing a certain part of the BHA. This reduces the need to rig-up and rig-down and leads to operational time and cost savings to operators. Another main advantage stems from its real-time downhole data certainty, as the CT field crew can immediately make decisions based on dynamic downhole events.
A few papers have been published recently regarding a similar 2 ⅛ and 2 ⅞-in. CTT systems (SPE-174850, IPTC-18294, SPE-179101, and SPE-183026). In this paper, several case studies are presented for the 3 ½-in. CTT system for the first time. For instance, in the first well, the CTT system helped remove approximately 26,500 lb of scale through a complex wiper trip schedule, effectively preparing the well for re-completion by the main rig. In the second well, the CTT system helped pull all shallow and deep plugs and perforate three intervals in one run. In the third well, the CTT system helped clean out the well, set a plug, and re-perforate it. In addition to successfully performing all these operations, several other benefits resulted due to the real-time downhole data monitoring provided by the CTT system. For instance, the fluid friction reducer (used for reducing the fluid frictional pressure drop) was effectively used at volumes of 70-75% lower than those recommended when the CTT system is not used. Also, all these operations were performed without the need to mobilize most of the wireline and tractor equipment and crew, saving an estimated time per well of six days of wireline logistics and work.
The paper briefly describes the 3 ½-in. CTT system and discusses the data acquired during these field operations. The system performance and operational benefits confirmed are presented. These findings outline the versatility of the 3 ½-in. CTT system, the predictability of successful operations resulting from using this system, and the cost and time savings to operators.