bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The WOX9‐WUS modules are indispensable for the maintenance of stem cell homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Zhang Yingying , Chen Xinlong , Wei Gang , Tian Weijiang , Ling Yinghua , Wang Nan , Zhang Ting , Sang Xianchun , Zhu Xiaoyan , He Guanghua , Li Yunfeng 
Published: September 2024

SUMMARYThe dynamic balance between the self‐renewal and differentiation of stem cells in plants is precisely regulated by a series of developmental regulated genes that exhibit spatiotemporal‐specific expression patterns. Several studies have demonstrated that the WOX family transcription factors play critical roles in maintaining the identity of stem cells in Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we obtained amiR‐WOX9 transgenic plants, which displayed terminating prematurely of shoot apical meristem (SAM) development, along with alterations in inflorescence meristem and flower development. The phenotype of amiR‐WOX9 plants exhibited similarities to that of wus‐101 mutant, characterized by a stop‐and‐go growth pattern. It was also found that the expression of WUS in amiR‐WOX9 lines was decreased significantly, while in UBQ10::WOX9‐GFP transgenic plants, the WUS expression was increased significantly despite no substantial alteration in meristem size compared to Col. Therefore, these data substantiated the indispensable role of WOX9 in maintaining the proper expression of WUS. Further investigations unveiled the direct binding of WOX9 to the WUS promoter via the TAAT motif, thereby activating its expression. It was also found that WUS recognized identical the same TAAT motif cis‐elements in its own promoter, thereby repress self‐expression. Next, we successfully identified a physical interaction between WOX9 and WUS, and verified that it was harmful to the expression of WUS. Finally, our experimental findings demonstrate that WOX9 was responsible for the direct activating of WUS, which however was interfered by the ways of WUS binding its own promoter and the interaction of WUS and WOX9, thereby ensuring the appropriate expression pattern of WUS and then the stem cell stability. This study contributes to an enhanced comprehension of the regulatory network of the WOX9‐WUS module in maintaining the equilibrium of the SAM.
Effect of owner presence on healing of spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects after anterior stromal puncture
Authors: Rivera‐Viscal Natalia L. , Bentley Ellison , Opgenorth Taylor A. , Lasarev Michael R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of client presence on healing rates of spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defect (SCCEDs) following debridement and anterior stromal puncture (ASP).Animals StudiedSixty‐eight client‐owned dogs.ProceduresDogs presenting prior to the COVID‐19 shutdown were assigned to the C group (client in the room, 31/68), while dogs presenting after were assigned to group NC (no client in the room, 37/68). Inclusion criteria were retention of fluorescein, non‐adherent epithelium, persistence for at least 1 week, and recheck within 1 month. Exclusion criteria were concurrent ocular disorders and endocrinopathies. Success was defined as negative fluorescein retention at first recheck. t‐Tests, rank‐sum tests, and chi‐squared or Fisher's exact tests were used to compare findings between groups. Logistic regression was used to determine whether odds of success at first recheck differed between groups or were modified by other characteristics.ResultsDogs in the NC group were older (9.9 vs. 8.7 years, p = .014) and had more bandage contact lenses (BCLs) placed (65% vs. 29%, p = .003). There were no other significant differences between groups. BCL placement was associated with significantly greater odds of healing by first recheck (OR = 4.00, 95% CI: 0.63–11.2; p = .008). The NC group initially had 2.5 times greater odds of healing than the C group; after adjusting for BCL placement, the association between client location and healing weakened (aOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 0.63–5.13; p = .277).ConclusionsHealing was marginally associated with not having the client in the room, likely due to increased BCL use. BCL application improves SCCED healing rates following debridement/ASP.
Epidemiological burden of inborn errors of metabolism in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Kachroo Kavita , NithiyaVathani Johnson Annie , Moinudeen S.A.K. , Sharma Jitendra , Holly Cheryl 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
This systematic review examines the evidence on the incidence and prevalence of inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Introduction:
IEMs are a set of conditions that can either be inherited or result from spontaneous mutations. Although each condition is rare in isolation, various specific disorders within the IEM group have an estimated global prevalence of 50.9 per 100,000 live births. A precise estimate of the prevalence and incidence of IEMs in LMICs can help determine the necessity for extensive newborn screening programs.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will cover studies conducted in LMICs, reporting on IEMs in infants and children under the age of 5 years. Studies that calculate birth prevalence and incidence of IEMs will be included. Studies that provide information on the causes, clinical characteristics, treatment, case fatality rates, mortality rates, and other outcomes will also be considered.

Methods:
The databases to be searched include PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Scopus, and gray literature sources. No date or language restrictions will be applied. Our search will encompass analytical and descriptive observational studies, which will be critically appraised by 2 independent reviewers. Data will be extracted using JBI data extraction tools. If sufficient data are available, a meta-analysis will be performed. Alternatively, if data are limited, we will present our findings in narrative format using tables and figures.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42023457421
From the Other Side: Supervisor Perspectives on Paid Versus Unpaid Sport Management Internships
Authors: Madsen Rachel M. , Grappendorf Heidi , Parker Heidi M. , Veraldo Cynthia 
Published: September 2024

Internships help position college students to succeed in the sport industry but have historically been unpaid. In response to a call from Walker et al. for more research on the impacts of unpaid internships, this study interviewed internship supervisors regarding their perspectives on unpaid internships. Data analysis was framed by institutional theory, exploitation theory, and efficiency wage theory. Results showed that supervisors use several narratives to justify unpaid internships and organizations are often slow to change without a pressing reason. While the supervisors believed that higher pay would attract better candidates and produce higher quality work, they also believed that some organizations are not capable of paying their interns and sport organizations are popular enough to attract many applicants without paying.
A revisit of knowledge, attitude and practice of emergency contraception in Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Yat Yee Shizuka , Wan Siu Fan Rebecca , Li Hang Wun Raymond , Lo Sue Seen-Tsing 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesTo revisit women’s knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding emergency contraception (EC) in Hong Kong. The research sought to provide insights for improving the accessibility and quality of EC services.Study designA cross-sectional study, where self-administered questionnaires were distributed at a major community sexual and reproductive health service in Hong Kong over a 3-month period between July 2023 and October 2023. Descriptive and regression analyses were used.ResultsOf 1127 respondents, the majority (n=1057, 93.8%) reported using contraception and 513 (45.6%) had used EC. The main contraceptive methods used were male condoms and oral contraceptive pills. The majority (n=1035, 91.8%) of respondents demonstrated awareness about EC and 938 (83.2%) participants correctly reported the timeframe for oral EC. Around two-thirds reported the internet as being their leading source of EC knowledge. Over 93% of respondents advocated for enhancing public awareness. Acceptance of non-traditional means of obtaining EC, such as over-the-counter provision (51.3%), pharmacy provision (49.8%) and telemedicine consultation (43.1%), were higher than face-to-face EC consultations (32.9%).ConclusionsFamily planning service users’ characteristics and KAP regarding EC have significantly changed over the last 20 years. Women now demonstrate greater awareness, knowledge and openness regarding EC, indicating improved readiness for more liberal delivery of EC nowadays. This study highlights the need for restructuring EC service provision in Hong Kong to address women’s changing preferences and contraceptive needs, and to minimise barriers to EC access. We recommend reclassifying emergency contraceptive pills as non-prescription drugs in Hong Kong to align with international practice.
A post-abortion contraception text-and-call service to support patients to access effective contraception after telemedicine abortion
Authors: Reynolds-Wright John Joseph , Cameron Sharon T 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundMost abortions in Scotland are conducted at home before 12 weeks’ gestation using telemedicine. The volume of information given at a pre-abortion consultation may feel overwhelming and contraception may not be prioritised. Telemedicine limits immediate provision of some methods. Pathways to improve access to post-abortion contraception (PAC) are needed.MethodsWe piloted a PAC ‘text-and-call’ service for patients having telemedicine abortion in Edinburgh. Those agreeing to contact were sent a text message 4–6 weeks later. The message offered a follow-up telephone call with a nurse to discuss contraception. An online decision aid was used to support method selection where needed. Rapid access to the chosen method was arranged.ResultsDuring the period February–April 2022, 672 patients accessed abortion care, of whom 427 (64%) agreed to post-abortion text message contact. Most (354/427, 83%) did not respond or declined further contact, and 73/427 (17%) requested a follow-up call.Two participants did not respond to the follow-up call. Most (63/73, 86%) knew what method they wanted prior to the call. Just over half of these patients (34/73, 54%) changed to a higher-effectiveness method than they were currently using and the remainder obtained further supplies of their existing method. Eight participants had not selected a method prior to the call and received structured counselling; five chose long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) but only one subsequently initiated this.ConclusionsThis PAC service was taken up by a small proportion of patients but supported a sizeable minority to connect to further contraceptive supplies, half of whom accessed more effective methods.
Use of emergency departments by children and young people following telephone triage: a large database study
Authors: Kumar Akshay , Husk Kerryn , Simpson Rebecca , Johnson Graham D , Burton Christopher 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundAlthough one objective of NHS 111 is to ease the strain on urgent and emergency care services, studies suggest the telephone triage service may be contributing to increased demand. Moreover, while parents and caregivers generally find NHS 111 satisfactory, concerns exist about its integration with the healthcare system and the appropriateness of advice. This study aimed to analyse the advice provided in NHS 111 calls, the duration between the call and ED attendance, and the outcomes of such attendances made by children and young people (C&YP).MethodsA retrospective cohort study was carried out of C&YP (≤17) attending an ED in the Yorkshire and Humber region of the UK following contact with NHS 111 between 1 April 2016 and 31 March 2017. This linked-data study examined NHS 111 calls and ED outcomes. Lognormal mixture distributions were fit to compare the time taken to attend ED following calls. Logistic mixed effects regression models were used to identify predictors of low-acuity NHS 111-related ED attendances.ResultsOur study of 348 401 NHS 111 calls found they were primarily concerning children aged 0–4 years. Overall, 13.1% of calls were followed by an ED attendance, with a median arrival time of 51 minutes. Of the 34 664 calls advising ED attendance 41% complied, arriving with a median of 38 minutes—27% of which defined as low-acuity. Although most calls advising primary care were not followed by an ED attendance (93%), those seen in an ED generally attended later (median 102 minutes) with 23% defined as low-acuity. Younger age (<1) was a statistically significant predictor of low-acuity ED attendance following all call dispositions apart from home care.ConclusionMore tailored options for unscheduled healthcare may be needed for younger children. Both early low-acuity attendance and late high-acuity attendance following contact with NHS 111 could act as useful entry points for clinical audits of the telephone triage service.
Imaging endolymphatic space of the inner ear in vestibular migraine
Authors: Kirsch Valerie , Boegle Rainer , Gerb Johannes , Kierig Emilie , Ertl-Wagner Birgit B , Becker-Bense Sandra , Brandt Thomas , Dieterich Marianne 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundVestibular migraine (VM), the most frequent episodic vertigo, is difficult to distinguish from Ménière’s disease (MD) because reliable biomarkers are missing. The classical proof of MD was an endolymphatic hydrops (EH). However, a few intravenous gadolinium-enhanced MRI studies of the inner ear (iMRI) also revealed an EH in VM. The major questions were the frequency and distribution characteristics of EH in VM for diagnostic use.MethodsIn a prospective case-control study of 200 participants, 75 patients with VM (49 females; mean age 46 years) and 75 with MD (36 females; mean age 55 years), according to the Bárány and International Headache Society, and 50 age-matched participants with normal vestibulocochlear testing (HP), were enrolled. Analyses ofiMRI of the endolymphatic space included volumetric quantification, stepwise regression, correlation with neurotological parameters and support vector machine classification.ResultsEH was maximal in MD (80%), less in VM (32%) and minimal in HP (22%). EH was milder in VM (mean grade 0.3) compared with MD (mean grade 1.3). The intralabyrinthine distribution was preferably found in the vestibulum in VM, but mainly in the cochlea in MD. There was no interaural lateralisation of EH in VM but in the affected ear in MD. The grade of EH in the vestibulum was correlated in both conditions with the frequency and duration of the attacks.ConclusionThree features of theiMRI evaluation were most supportive for the diagnosis of VM at group and individual levels: (1) the bilateral manifestation, (2) the low-grade EH and (3) the intraaural distribution.
Wet military uniforms pose low risk of hypothermia while static in mild cold air
Authors: Seeley Afton D. , Bodurtha Phillip O. , Greenfield Andrew M. , Pitsas Dina M. , Shaw MariaLena A. , Caldwell Aaron R. , Alba Billie K. , Castellani John W. , O'Brien Catherine 
Published: September 2024

Wet clothing is less insulative than dry clothing and consequently increases heat loss in cold air. Tactical necessity can render removal of wet clothing impossible and/or require Warfighters to remain static to avoid detection, limiting heat production and posing a threat of hypothermia (core temperature <35 °C). This study aimed to characterize body temperatures and evaluate hypothermia risk while statically exposed to 5 °C air wearing three wet military uniforms. Further, low-speed loaded walking was evaluated as a strategy to raise end-static temperatures. Twelve adults (11 M, 1 F) randomly completed three wet-cold trials wearing either the Improved Hot Weather Combat Uniform (IHWCU), Army Combat Uniform (ACU), or ACU with silk-weight base layer (ACU+). Each trial involved 180 min of cold air (5.3 ± 0.3 °C, 0.8 m·s−1) exposure after a clothed 2 min head-out immersion (34.0 ± 0.2 °C). Volunteers were static for 60 min followed by 120 min of walking with a rucksack. Rectal temperature ( Tre) area under the curve did not differ among the three wet uniforms when static ( p = 0.431) with Tre increasing, rather than decreasing, across the 60 min (IHWCU: +0.26 ± 0.19 °C, ACU: +0.37 ± 0.21 °C, ACU+: +0.36 ± 0.20 °C). Hypothermia risk with 60 min static wet-cold exposure therefore appears minimal, regardless of the military uniform worn, in an otherwise low stress cohort. End-static finger temperatures (IHWCU: 9.48 ± 2.30 °C, ACU: 9.99 ± 1.82 °C, ACU+: 9.27 ± 1.66 °C, p > 0.999) were reduced by ∼20–23 °C posing a considerable dexterity concern. Heat production of ∼210 W·m2 appeared sufficient to begin to reverse negative cumulative heat storage and initiate slight elevations of rectal and peripheral temperatures, although finger temperatures increased <2 °C after 120 min. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05409937.
Innovative Work Behavior in Response to Technology Readiness: The Role of Career Adaptability in the Ghanaian Public Sector
Authors: Kumi Ernest , Osei Hannah Vivian , Korantwi-Barimah Justice Solomon , Kumi-Richardson Evelyn Ama 
Published: September 2024

Background: In an era where technological advancements are reshaping the global workforce, understanding the dynamics of technology adoption within the public sector becomes paramount. This study examines how employees in the Ghanaian public sector respond to technology readiness (TR) in terms of their career adaptability (CA) and innovative work behavior (IWB). The uniqueness of this research lies in its empirical investigation of how TR’s motivational and inhibitory dimensions influence CA and, subsequently, IWB, within a context marked by rapid digital transformation. This study is essential due to the key role of Ghana’s public sector employees in national development, especially with ongoing digitization. It fills a research gap by assessing how these employees’ psychological readiness for technology affects their careers and innovation. Method: The study used a cross-sectional survey design and collected data from 484 public sector employees and their supervisors. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. Results: Findings reveal that optimism, insecurity, and discomfort — components of TR — exert a significant influence on CA, which in turn fosters IWB. Interestingly, innovativeness did not predict CA, suggesting a nuanced interplay between TR dimensions and adaptability. Implications: By elucidating the factors that drive CA and IWB in response to TR, this study offers valuable insights for policymakers and organizational leaders seeking to enhance employee adaptability and innovation amidst technological changes. It underscores the importance of nurturing an optimistic and secure technological environment to cultivate a resilient and forward-thinking public sector workforce. Originality/Value: This study pioneers the exploration of TR’s impact on CA and IWB, utilizing the career construction model of adaptation as a theoretical lens. The findings provide actionable strategies for bolstering the public sector’s technological and innovative capacity, informed by the empirical evidence from the surveyed sample.
Cannabis Home Cultivation and Residential Water Use: Evidence from New Mexico
Authors: Stith Sarah S. , Paudel Swarup 
Published: September 2024

On June 29, 2021, cannabis home cultivation of up to six plants per person became legal in the water-scarce, desert state of New Mexico in the southwestern United States. This study explores the likely effects of this policy change on residential water use, a topic on which the existing literature is silent. Survey data on home cultivation, associated water use and growing decisions and substitution with dispensary-sourced cannabis were collected from 532 New Mexicans in Spring 2023 to assess how legalization changed home cultivation behaviors, including water use. Residential water utility data, collected between January 2017 and April 2022 and consisting of 2,073,751 month-level observations from 35,351 households located in the state capital, Santa Fe, were used to study monthly residential water use pre- and post-HCL. The survey responses suggest increased water use following HCL, and that such effects are likely to persist and even increase in the future with 12% of respondents reporting past home cultivation, 19% reporting current home cultivation and 40% of respondents intending to home cultivate in the future. Retention rates in home cultivation are high — 90% of current home cultivators intend to home cultivate in the future, despite increasing access to dispensary-sourced cannabis. An increasing number of home cultivators grow indoors, most home cultivators use public utility water and dispensary-sourced cannabis is a substitute for many home cultivators. Regression analyses of the residential water use data show a modest increase in water use of around 105 gallons per household per month, following HCL, but lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Summer 2021 may exist. More specifically, residential water use was declining prior to COVID, experienced a surge during Summer 2020 and then continued its overall decline but at a slower rate following HCL. Associations between HCL and water use exhibit significant heterogeneity by Census-Tract-level per capita income and population density. These descriptive results highlight the need for future causal analyses of primary water utility data in order to disentangle the relationship between legalization of home cultivation and water use. In the meantime, educating home cultivators on water-saving cultivation methods, e.g., growing indoors, could help reduce any impact of legalizing cannabis home cultivation on water use, of particular importance to geographic areas with limited water resources. Survey responses indicate that increasing dispensary prices or decreasing dispensary access will increase home cultivation, with the relative amount of water used by commercial versus home cultivators also a topic for future research.