bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Comparative Effect of Carbetocin and Oxytocin in Pregnant Human Myometrium With and Without Oxytocin Pretreatment
Authors: Cole N.M. , Carvalho J.C. , Erik-Soussi M. , Ramachandran N. , Balki M. 
Published: November 2016

(Anesthesiology 2016;124:378–386)
Oxytocin remains the first-line uterotonic agent for the prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) secondary to uterine atony, but its routine use has limitations that include many side effects. Hence there is a search for newer agents for the prevention of PPH with greater efficacy and fewer side effects. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of oxytocin and carbetocin in human term pregnant myometrium in vitro, with and without oxytocin pretreatment.
Checklists and Multidisciplinary Team Performance During Simulated Obstetric Hemorrhage
Authors: Hilton G. , Daniels K. , Goldhaber-Fiebert S.N. , Lipman S. , Carvalho B. , Butwick A. 
Published: November 2016

(Int J Obstet Anesth. 2016;25:9–16)
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) rates have increased in the United States and some other developed countries over the past several years. PPH is also one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. In an attempt to address these problems and improve outcomes, there has been a major focus on the development of protocols and checklists for use during PPH episodes. Studies have shown that adherence to recommended protocols and procedures during critical anesthetic events are improved when checklists and/or cognitive aids are used. The aim of this study was to evaluate checklist use and multidisciplinary team performance during a simulation of major PPH after vaginal delivery.
A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis Comparing the Use of Foley Catheters, Misoprostol, and Dinoprostone for Cervical Ripening in the Induction of Labor
Authors: Chen W. , Xue J. , Peprah M.K. , Wen S.W. , Walker M. , Gao Y. , Tang Y. 
Published: November 2016

(BJOG. 2016;123:346–354)
Induction of labor often begins with cervical ripening as other induction techniques, such as oxytocin, are less effective if the cervix is not in a favorable condition. There are various methods available, both mechanical and pharmacological, that soften, thin, and dilate the cervix. It is still debatable which of these cervical ripening techniques is optimal. The goal of this systematic review and network meta-analysis was to compare methods for cervical ripening as a component of labor induction.
Cervical Pessary Placement for Prevention of Preterm Birth in Unselected Twin Pregnancies: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nicolaides K.H. , Syngelaki A. , Poon L.C. , De Paco Matallana C. , Plasencia W. , Molina F.S. , Picciarelli G. , Tul N. , Celik E. , Lau T.K. , Conturso R. 
Published: November 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;214:3.e1–e.9)
Preterm birth is responsible for >70% of all neonatal and infant deaths. Twins, with a prevalence of 1.5% of pregnancies, account for about 25% of preterm births. Randomized controlled trials in singleton pregnancies with short cervical length reported that the prophylactic use of progesterone reduced significantly the rate of preterm birth and neonatal morbidity. In twin pregnancies, progestogens and cervical cerclage have been shown to be ineffective in reducing preterm birth. The aim of this multicenter Randomized controlled trial was to test the hypothesis that the insertion of a cervical pessary in twin pregnancies, compared with expectant management, would reduce the rate of spontaneous birth at <34 weeks’ gestation.
Spinal Ultrasound Versus Palpation for Epidural Catheter Insertion in Labour: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Arzola C. , Mikhael R. , Margarido C. , Carvalho J.C. 
Published: November 2016

(Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2015;32(7):499–505)
Ultrasound guidance has gained increasing acceptance among anesthesiologists as a means to potentially improve the efficacy and safety of various procedures, including vascular access, peripheral nerve blockade, and neuraxial anesthesia. Although several studies have been published on the use of spinal ultrasound, a common limitation is that a single expert investigator or selected group of anesthesiologists performed the ultrasound scanning while an experienced or novice operator carried out the neuraxial technique.
Inaccurate self-report of height and its impact on misclassification of body mass index in postmenopausal women
Authors: Mai Xiaodan , Sperrazza Jill N. , Marshall Britt A. , Hovey Kathleen M. , Wactawski-Wende Jean 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Objective:
Self-reported height is commonly used in population obesity research. Evidence has also shown a positive association between depression and obesity. We examined the extent of height misreporting and its impact on body mass index (BMI) calculations and classification, and explored whether depression is associated with height misreporting.

Methods:
The Buffalo Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease Follow-up Study enrolled 1,015 postmenopausal women between 2002 and 2006. Participants self-reported their height on a questionnaire before stadiometer measurement at the clinical visit. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Odds ratios and 95% CI for association between depression and height misreporting were estimated using logistic regression.

Results:
Overall, 446 women (43.9%) misreported height by greater than 1/2 inch, of which 296 (29.2%) underestimated and 150 (14.8%) overestimated their height. Height misreporting influenced BMI calculations by ≥1 unit in 12% of women, and influenced classification into WHO BMI categories in 8% of women. After adjusting for age, race, education, and measured BMI, women with significant depressive symptoms were more likely to misreport their height (odds ratio = 1.65, 95% CI, 1.04-2.61).

Conclusions:
Height misreporting was common in older women and significantly influenced BMI calculations and classification. Obtaining objective data is thus important for studies investigating obesity-disease associations in this population, especially in those with significant depressive symptoms.
The Relationships Among Personality, Intercultural Communication, and Cultural Self-Efficacy in Nursing Students
Authors: Chan Joanne Chung-Yan , Sy Po Yi 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Background:
The demand for nurses to provide transcultural nursing care is rising. However, little is known about the relationships among the dimensions of nurse personality, intercultural communication, and cultural self-efficacy in the provision of this care.

Purpose:
The aims of this study were to examine the associations among personality, intercultural communication, and cultural self-efficacy in nursing students and to compare intercultural communication and cultural self-efficacy between first-year and third-year nursing students.

Method:
One hundred twenty-six Chinese students completed a questionnaire that consisted of three scales that were designed to measure intercultural communication, cultural self-efficacy (cultural concepts, transcultural nursing functions, and cultural knowledge related to South Asians), and personality, respectively.

Results:
Intercultural communication correlated positively with the three subscales of personality, agreeableness (r = .22, p < .05), openness (r = .20, p < .05), and conscientiousness (r = .18, p < .05). Self-efficacy in cultural concepts correlated positively with agreeableness (r = .18, p < .05) and intercultural communication (r = .49, p < .01). Self-efficacy in transcultural nursing functions correlated positively with intercultural communication (r = .36, p < .01), agreeableness (r = .31, p < .01), emotional stability (r = .25, p < .01), openness (r = .32, p < .01), extraversion (r = .19, p < .05), and conscientiousness (r = .20, p < .05). Self-efficacy in cultural knowledge related to South Asians correlated positively with agreeableness (r = .20, p < .05) and intercultural communication (r = .27, p < .01). No significant difference was found between first-year and third-year students in terms of intercultural communication, self-efficacy in knowledge of cultural concepts, self-efficacy in the skills needed to perform key transcultural nursing functions, or self-efficacy in the cultural knowledge related to South Asians.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice:
Personality assessments should be included in the nursing student recruitment process. Furthermore, nurse educators should focus greater attention on enhancing the cultural self-efficacy and intercultural communication skills of their students.
Polyps, asthma, and allergy: what's new
Authors: Terzakis Dimitrios , Georgalas Christos 
Published: November 2016

Purpose of review
Although chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, asthma, and allergy share common inflammatory mechanisms, there is no evidence of cause-and-effect relationship. In this review, we present new studies investigating the complex immunology that links these diseases. Advances in new therapies as well as evidence regarding indication and timing of surgery, especially of more complex cases, are highlighted.

Recent findings
New studies have endotyped patients in an effort to describe the exact inflammatory profile of each phenotype, whereas described cytokines seem to play a significant role in amplification of T2 inflammation, directly or via innate lymphoid cells. New mAbs that block specific cytokines of these pathways have been developed and seem to show reduced asthma severity as well as improved sinonasal outcomes. Moreover, it has been shown that operating early in the course of disease leads not only to bigger improvements in SNOT-22 outcomes but also to reduced asthma incidence postoperatively in refractory cases.

Summary
Applying data from current studies in clinical practice, we could better manage refractory cases with asthma and polyps, both medically and surgically. Treatment has to be patient-centered, and this demands a multidisciplinary-team approach of the airway diseases.
An update on endoscopic orbital decompression
Authors: Wehrmann Daniel , Antisdel Jastin L. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose of review
Endoscopic orbital decompression is an ever-evolving surgical procedure with modifications as well as new indications for the procedure. The purpose of this review is to update the reader on optimizing patient selection, surgical timing, highlight the latest modifications to surgical technique and to evaluate surgical outcomes that can be achieved.

Recent findings
Patient selection, disease pathology, and optimization of technology can lead to improved outcomes. Changes in technology continue to modify surgical techniques and surgical training, working towards decreased surgical complications with improved outcomes. Historically multiple approaches have been used for orbital decompression and this highlights that a balanced orbital decompression usually leads to the best outcome.

Summary
Orbital decompression has evolved significantly since its inception over 100 years ago. Identifying the right patient, the ideal timing, and the indication for the procedure with utilization of technology can lead to improved outcomes and decreased complications.
Posttreatment surveillance for sinonasal malignancy
Authors: Workman Alan D. , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose of reviewSinonasal neoplasms have a high rate of recurrence following treatment, and clinicians utilize a variety of surveillance techniques. Generally, surveillance modality and frequency of follow-up are determined by the guidelines for head and neck cancer as a broad category. However, recent studies have demonstrated that a more tailored approach to follow-up may be necessary.Recent findingsEndoscopy has low sensitivity in recurrence detection, especially in the asymptomatic patient. However, it is able to identify superficial recurrences that may be more amenable to repeat resection. Conversely, imaging [computed tomography (CT), MRI, and18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET/CT] is useful in ruling out disease, but the inflammatory environment of the posttreatment sinonasal cavity leads to a high number of false positives. This is especially notable in PET/CT, which has worse specificity and positive predictive value in sinonasal malignancy than in head and neck malignancy overall, especially in the early posttreatment period. Little data are available on optimal timing and duration of follow-up, but tumor histology and aggressiveness should be considered when choosing a surveillance approach.SummarySinonasal malignancy surveillance strategies may warrant modifications of current protocols used for head and neck malignancy. This is due to a number of factors, including a greater diversity of sinonasal disorder and increased duration of posttreatment sinonasal inflammation. Clinicians should be aware of the performance parameters of commonly used surveillance techniques and adjust follow-up regimens based on this information.
The role of aspirin desensitization in the management of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease
Authors: Tajudeen Bobby A. , Schwartz Joseph S. , Bosso John V. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose of review
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a progressive inflammatory disease of the upper and lower airways characterized by marked eosinophilic nasal polyposis, asthma, and respiratory reactions to medications that inhibit the cyclooxygenase pathway. Aspirin desensitization has proven to be an effective tool in the management of this disease when used in a multidisciplinary setting. The purpose of this article is to review the current literature regarding AERD, aspirin desensitization, and share our opinion regarding the most optimal multidisciplinary approach to these complex patients.

Recent findings
Numerous studies, including randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, have demonstrated the therapeutic effectiveness of aspirin desensitization with significant improvement in number of sinus infections per year, olfactory scores, nasal symptom scores, asthma symptom scores, sinus operations, hospitalizations, emergency room visits, and oral steroid use. Furthermore, the role of surgery is becoming increasingly important for recalcitrant sinus disease with recent studies showing comprehensive surgery as more beneficial to disease management.

Summary
Aspirin desensitization is an effective therapeutic tool in the management of AERD. A multidisciplinary approach is critical between the otorhinolaryngologist and allergist to provide the most optimal care for this complex patient population.
What is new in pediatric surgical oncology?
Authors: Dasgupta Roshni , Billmire Deborah , Aldrink Jennifer H. , Meyers Rebecka L. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose of review
As pediatric oncology has become more complex, designing and maintaining pediatric surgical protocols require greater expertise. The primary purpose of this review is to summarize the changes in protocols and new study findings, which have changed surgical practice for children with solid tumors.

Recent findings
The most common solid tumors treated by surgery are reviewed. There are new methods of surgical techniques such as the use of sentinel lymph node techniques for the assessment of lymph nodes in pediatric sarcoma. New studies showing excellent outcomes for the nonoperative treatment for young patients with neuroblastoma are discussed. Surgical quality with the prevention of tumor rupture and the assessment of lymph nodes is essential for good outcomes in patients with Wilm's tumor. The international collaborations within germ cell and liver tumors have provided excellent new study regimens and welcomed a new era of studies that are robust and have the power to change the outcomes for these rare tumors.

Summary
Surgical practice is evolving with the molecular advances in pediatric oncology. Technical advances and quality improvement endeavors to ensure protocol adherence are essential. International partnerships have allowed for greater advances particularly for rare tumors and improve overall surgical outcomes.
Epidemiology of Zika
Authors: Deseda Carmen C. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose of review
Zika virus (ZIKV) is the latest ’emerging virus’ that has affected the Americas. First identified in the mid-20th century in Uganda, it was described as a vector arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) and subsequently found capable of producing illness in humans. The illness was not different from other flavivirus infections and caused a relatively mild disease characterized by low-grade fever, nonspecific exanthem, nonpurulent conjunctivitis, and mild to moderate arthralgia. It was capable of producing infections described as sporadic isolated cases; in 2007, it was confirmed as the pathogen causing the first known ZIKV epidemic subsequently associated with congenital neonatal microcephaly in many countries in the Americas.

Recent findings
It rapidly spread to other countries in the Americas and, as of September 2016, it has been detected in 46 countries and territories. Different from other flavivirus infections, ZIKV has proven to be related to more serious complications. These include Guillain–Barré syndrome and neonatal congenital malformations, which includes microcephaly and neurologic damage to the developing fetus, particularly if the maternal infection occurs early in pregnancy. These two complications are a cause of great concern.

Summary
It is pivotal to conduct epidemiological laboratory-based surveillance and studies on the virus’ inherent characteristics to understand the pathophysiology of this infection and develop adequate strategies to mitigate this new threat.
Evidence‐based Approach to Training Pediatric Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Trainers
Authors: Walsh Catharine M. , Anderson John T. , Fishman Douglas S. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTEndoscopy training has evolved in recent years from the traditional model of “learning by doing” to the current skillful application of evidence‐based educational principles. Endoscopy training should ideally be provided by individuals with the requisite skills and behaviors to teach endoscopy effectively and efficiently, including an awareness of principles of adult education, best practices in procedural skills education, and appropriate use of beneficial educational strategies such as feedback. The aim of this article is to outline principles that underlie successful endoscopy training and describe the “Preparation—Training—Wrap‐up” framework that can be used by pediatric endoscopy trainers to help guide an effective endoscopy training session. Looking to the future, application of content from well‐developed “train the trainer” courses to pediatric endoscopy practice would help to improve the quality of endoscopy training and facilitate the development of conscious competences among pediatric endoscopy trainers.
Efficacy of Acute Cellular Rejection Treatment According to Banff Score in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lamarche Caroline , Côté Jean-Maxime , Sénécal Lynne , Cardinal Héloïse 
Published: November 2016

Background
The poor prognosis classically associated with Banff grade 2 acute cell-mediated rejection (CMR) may be due to unrecognized antibody-mediated damage. We thus performed a systematic review of the literature to determine the rate of response to treatment in kidney transplant recipients with pure CMR, stratified by Banff class.

Methods
In addition to a manual search, databases interrogated included Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) databases, Central, PubMed and CINAHL. Studies providing functional and/or histological response rates to the treatment of CMR rejection by Banff class (1997 or more recent) were included.

Results
Among the 746 articles identified, 5 articles were included in the final review. Two studies excluded some, and 2 excluded all features of antibody-mediated rejection, while providing data on functional recovery. The absence of functional recovery was reported in 4% of borderline, 15% for Banff grade 1A and IB pooled, 0% to 25% of Banff grade 1B alone, 11% to 20% of Banff grade 2A, and 38% of Banff grade 2B rejections.

Conclusions
The rate of functional recovery of pure Banff IIA CMR overlapped with that of Banff grade 1 CMR, whereas Banff grade 2B showed worse prognosis. There was important heterogeneity in the definition of response to treatment and paucity of data describing the histological response to treatment stratified by Banff class. There is a pressing need to standardize outcome metrics for the reversibility of rejection in kidney transplant recipients in order to design high-quality trials for novel therapeutic alternatives.
Efficient repositioning of approved drugs as anti-HIV agents using Anti-HIV-Predictor
Authors: Dai Shao-Xing , Chen Huan , Li Wen-Xing , Guo Yi-Cheng , Liu Jia-Qian , Zheng Jun-Juan , Wang Qian , Li Hui-Juan , Chen Bi-Wen , Gao Yue-Dong , Li Gong-Hua , Zheng Yong-Tang , Huang Jing-Fei 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDevelopment of new, effective and affordable drugs against HIV is urgently needed. In this study, we developed a world’s first web server called Anti-HIV-Predictor (http://bsb.kiz.ac.cn:70/hivpre) for predicting anti-HIV activity of given compounds. This server is rapid and accurate (accuracy >93% and AUC > 0.958). We applied the server to screen 1835 approved drugs for anti-HIV therapy. Totally 67 drugs were predicted to have anti-HIV activity, 25 of which are anti-HIV drugs. Then we experimentally evaluated 35 predicted new anti-HIV compounds by assays of syncytia formation, p24 quantification, cytotoxicity. Finally, we repurposed 7 approved drugs (cetrorelix, dalbavancin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin and valrubicin) as new anti-HIV agents. The original indication of these drugs is involved in a variety of diseases such as female infertility and cancer. Anti-HIV-Predictor and the 7 repurposed anti-HIV agents provided here demonstrate the efficacy of this strategy for discovery of new anti-HIV agents.
Time-resolved proteomics vs. ribosome profiling reveals translation dynamics under stress
Authors: Liu Tzu-Yu , H. Huang Hector , Wheeler Diamond , A. Wells James , S. Song Yun , P. Wiita Arun 
Published: November 2016

SummaryMany small molecule chemotherapeutics induce stresses that globally inhibit mRNA translation, remodeling the cancer proteome and governing response to treatment. Here we measured protein synthesis in multiple myeloma cells treated with low-dose bortezomib by coupling pulsed-SILAC (pSILAC) with high-accuracy targeted quantitative proteomics. We found that direct measurement of protein synthesis by pSILAC correlated well with the indirect measurement of protein synthesis by ribosome profiling under conditions of robust translation. By developing a statistical model integrating longitudinal proteomic and mRNA-seq measurements, we found that proteomics could directly detect global alterations in translational rate as a function of therapy-induced stress after prolonged bortezomib exposure. Finally, the model we develop here, in combination with our experimental data including both protein synthesis and degradation, predicts changes in proteome remodeling under a variety of cellular perturbations. pSILAC therefore provides an important complement to ribosome profiling in directly measuring proteome dynamics under conditions of cellular stress.