bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception and image of dermatology in the German general population 2002–2014
Authors: Augustin M. , Eissing L. , Elsner P. , Strömer K. , Schäfer I. , Enk A. , Reusch M. , Kaufmann R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn contrast to other European countries, dermatologists in Germany provide health care for a broad spectrum of diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Current population‐based data on the perception of dermatology were lacking to date.ObjectiveAnalysis of the perception of dermatology from the general population's perspective with regard to utilization, satisfaction and responsibility.MethodsNation‐wide survey on awareness, utilization, rating and image of dermatology in October 2014 through computer‐assisted telephone interviews on a representative sample of the adult general population (n = 1015), performed by the FORSA institute.ResultsDermatologists as a medical specialist group are familiar to 88% of the population (2002: 65%), and approx. 82% of respondents underwent dermatological treatment in the past. Satisfaction with this treatment is high to very high in 80–90% of respondents. The majority (60–80%) name dermatologists as the desired primary provider of care for the largest share of common skin diseases. For allergic diseases, mucous membrane diseases, venous disorders and paediatric skin diseases, this rate is significantly below 50%.ConclusionsIn Germany, dermatologists are perceived and valued as providers of care. In the case of skin cancer and chronic inflammatory skin diseases, they are experienced as primary care givers, whereas they are associated less frequently than their competence would justify with providing treatment for allergic and mucous membrane diseases and venous disorders. Further education of the general public and medical profession is required.
Arabidopsis CPR5 regulates ethylene signaling via molecular association with the ETR1 receptor
Authors: Wang Feifei , Wang Lijuan , Qiao Longfei , Chen Jiacai , Pappa Maria Belen , Pei Haixia , Zhang Tao , Chang Caren , Dong Chun‐Hai 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe plant hormone ethylene plays various functions in plant growth, development and response to environmental stress. Ethylene is perceived by membrane‐bound ethylene receptors, and among the homologous receptors in Arabidopsis, the ETR1 ethylene receptor plays a major role. The present study provides evidence demonstrating that Arabidopsis CPR5 functions as a novel ETR1 receptor‐interacting protein in regulating ethylene response and signaling. Yeast split ubiquitin assays and bi‐fluorescence complementation studies in plant cells indicated that CPR5 directly interacts with the ETR1 receptor. Genetic analyses indicated that mutant alleles of cpr5 can suppress ethylene insensitivity in both etr1‐1 and etr1‐2, but not in other dominant ethylene receptor mutants. Overexpression of Arabidopsis CPR5 either in transgenic Arabidopsis plants, or ectopically in tobacco, significantly enhanced ethylene sensitivity. These findings indicate that CPR5 plays a critical role in regulating ethylene signaling. CPR5 is localized to endomembrane structures and the nucleus, and is involved in various regulatory pathways, including pathogenesis, leaf senescence, and spontaneous cell death. This study provides evidence for a novel regulatory function played by CPR5 in the ethylene receptor signaling pathway in Arabidopsis.
Effects of nurses’ personality traits and their environmental characteristics on their workplace learning and nursing competence
Authors: Takase Miyuki , Yamamoto Masako , Sato Yoko 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimA good fit between an individual's personality traits and job characteristics motivates employees, and thus enhances their work behavior. However, how nurses’ personality traits and their environmental characteristics relate to nurses’ engagement in workplace learning, which improves their competence, has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate how nurses’ personality traits, environmental characteristics, and workplace learning were related to nursing competence.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey design was used. Questionnaires were distributed to 1167 Japanese registered nurses. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationships between nurses’ personality traits, the environmental characteristics, the nurses’ engagement in workplace learning, and their competence.ResultsA total of 315 nurses returned questionnaires (i.e., a return rate of 27.0%). The results showed that both the personality traits (extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience) and environmental characteristics (autonomy at work and feedback given) were related to workplace learning and self‐rated nursing competence. The results also showed that the relationship between extraversion (active, adventurous and ambitious dispositions of an individual) and self‐rated nursing competence was moderated by environmental characteristics, and partially mediated by workplace learning.ConclusionPositive personality traits, such as extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness to experience could enhance workplace learning and nursing competence. Moreover, environmental characteristics that allow nurses to express their personality traits have the potential to improve their learning and competence further.
Deleting the Arntl clock gene in the granular layer of the mouse cerebellum: impact on the molecular circadian clockwork
Authors: Bering Tenna , Carstensen Mikkel Bloss , Rath Martin Fredensborg 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe suprachiasmatic nucleus houses the central circadian clock and is characterized by the timely regulated expression of clock genes. However, neurons of the cerebellar cortex also contain a circadian oscillator with circadian expression of clock genes being controlled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus. It has been suggested that the cerebellar circadian oscillator is involved in food anticipation, but direct molecular evidence of the role of the circadian oscillator of the cerebellar cortex is currently unavailable. To investigate the hypothesis that the circadian oscillator of the cerebellum is involved in circadian physiology and food anticipation, we therefore by use of Cre‐LoxP technology generated a conditional knockout mouse with the core clock gene Arntl deleted specifically in granule cells of the cerebellum, since expression of clock genes in the cerebellar cortex is mainly located in this cell type. We here report that deletion of Arntl heavily influences the molecular clock of the cerebellar cortex with significantly altered and arrhythmic expression of other central clock and clock‐controlled genes. On the other hand, daily expression of clock genes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus was unaffected. Telemetric registrations in different light regimes did not detect significant differences in circadian rhythms of running activity and body temperature between Arntl conditional knockout mice and controls. Furthermore, food anticipatory behavior did not differ between genotypes. These data suggest that Arntl is an essential part of the cerebellar oscillator; however, the oscillator of the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex does not control traditional circadian parameters or food anticipation.
Advancing oral health policy and advocacy to prevent childhood obesity and reduce children's consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages
Authors: Sanghavi Ankit , Siddiqui Nadia J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeWhile a large body of work documents the interconnections between oral health and obesity, less is known about the role that oral health professionals and organizations play to prevent childhood obesity, especially by influencing children's consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs). This review identifies efforts by oral health professionals and organizations to influence such policy and advocacy, while informing future opportunities to leverage and expand on existing efforts.MethodsA scoping review of peer‐reviewed literature and a web‐based review of oral health policy and advocacy initiatives addressing prevention of obesity and reducing children's consumption of SSBs were conducted. Of 30 unique references identified, four peer‐reviewed and seven non‐peer‐reviewed references met selection criteria. Qualitative and quantitative data were extracted using a priori determined headings.ResultsFindings suggest a strong role for oral health professionals in preventing childhood obesity and reducing children's consumption of SSBs; however, only a few national, state, and local oral‐health‐advocacy and ‐policy efforts were identified, such as policy statements by national associations, state and local education campaigns, and clinical guidelines. Evidence was limited on the role of oral health professionals in influencing broader communitywide advocacy and policy efforts such as soda taxation and limiting SSB consumption in schools.ConclusionThis review provides an emerging evidence base to support growing recognition among oral health professionals of their dual role in preventing childhood obesity and dental caries by targeting SSB consumption. It also identifies opportunities for oral health professionals to build on initial efforts to more proactively influence future policy and advocacy.
Pediatric obesity‐related curricular content and training in dental schools and dental hygiene programs: systematic review and recommendations
Authors: Divaris Kimon , Bhaskar Vaishnavi , McGraw Kathleen A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe authors conducted a systematic review to determine: a) What dental schools and dental hygiene programs are doing to promote knowledge and skills related to addressing childhood obesity and to reduce consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) and b) What else these schools and programs could do to better equip future oral health professionals to address childhood obesity and reduce consumption of SSBs.MethodsThe authors searched PubMed, Scopus, Education Full Text (EBSCOHost), and ERIC (EBSCOHost) to identify peer‐reviewed publications reporting on obesity or dietetic‐related curricula in dental and dental hygiene education within the last 20 years. Three studies met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Outcomes of the identified studies were abstracted and summarized independently by two investigators.ResultsThe first study describes a 2009 survey of pediatric dentistry residents. Approximately, half had received formal training yet they lacked essential knowledge or skills for managing children who were obese. The second study describes nutrition‐related coursework offered in the second year of a predoctoral dental school curriculum in Saudi Arabia, and the third study reports on the development of an “oral health rotation” dietetic internship in a pediatric dentistry clinic, in the context of interprofessional education (IPE).ConclusionsEvidence of dental schools' and dental hygiene programs' efforts to address obesity and SSB consumption in children in their curricula is scant, while Commission on Dental Accreditation standards make sporadic mentions of diet and nutrition. Opportunities exist to leverage existing resources and innovative, experiential approaches, including IPE, to formally, and effectively address this important issue in predoctoral oral health education.
Predicting habitat affinities of plant species using commonly measured functional traits
Authors: Shipley Bill , Belluau Michael , Kühn Ingolf , Soudzilovskaia Nadejda A. , Bahn Michael , Penuelas Josep , Kattge Jens , Sack Lawren , Cavender‐Bares Jeannine , Ozinga Wim A. , Blonder Benjamin , van Bodegom Peter M. , Manning Peter , Hickler Thomas , Sosinski Enio , Pillar Valério De Patta , Onipchenko Vladimir , Poschlod Peter 
Published: July 2017

AbstractQuestionsHeinz Ellenberg classically defined “indicator” scores for species representing their typical positions along gradients of key environmental variables, and these have proven very useful for designating ecological distributions. We tested a key tenent of trait‐based ecology, i.e. the ability to predict ecological preferences from species’ traits. More specifically, can we predict Ellenberg indicator scores for soil nutrients, soil moisture and irradiance from four well‐studied traits: leaf area, leaf dry matter content, specific leaf area (SLA) and seed mass? Can we use such relationships to estimate Ellenberg scores for species never classified by Ellenberg?LocationGlobal.MethodsCumulative link models were developed to predict Ellenberg nutrients, irradiance and moisture values from Ln‐transformed trait values using 922, 981 and 988 species, respectively. We then independently tested these prediction equations using the trait values of 423 and 421 new species that occurred elsewere in Europe, North America and Morocco, and whose habitat affinities we could classify from independent sources as three‐level ordinal ranks related to soil moisture and irradiance. The traits were SLA, leaf dry matter content, leaf area and seed mass.ResultsThe four functional traits predicted the Ellenberg indicator scores of site fertility, light and moisture with average error rates of <2 Ellenberg ranks out of nine. We then used the trait values of 423 and 421 species, respectively, that occurred (mostly) outside of Germany but whose habitat affinities we could classify as three‐level ordinal ranks related to soil moisture and irradiance. The predicted positions of the new species, given the equations derived from the Ellenberg indices, agreed well with their independent habitat classifications, although our equation for Ellenberg irrandiance levels performed poorly on the lower ranks.ConclusionsThese prediction equations, and their eventual extensions, could be used to provide approximate descriptions of habitat affinities of large numbers of species worldwide.
Cooking the books: what counts as literacy for young children in a public library?
Authors: Smith Helen Victoria 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAt a time when government funding cuts mean that public libraries face an uncertain future and need to make sure they stay relevant to young users and their families, this paper explores what counts as literacy for young children in a public library in a town in the East Midlands, UK. It is based on a study which adopted an ethnographic approach, drawing on Lefebvre's spatial theory to understand how a library space presents literacy to young children and their carers, and how this then shapes the literacy practices and events that happen in this space. The study shows that dominant discourses are bound up in what the library staff understand to be their role in promoting and supporting young children's literacy, and that, often, they organise the space and literacy events in ways that reflect these discourses. However this paper argues that it is not only the library staff that create space in the library, as carers and their children are sometimes seen to create alternative spaces which challenge and subvert the way the librarians would like the space to be used and understood.
The role of wing geometric morphometrics in the identification of sandflies within the subgenus Lutzomyia
Authors: GIORDANI B. F. , ANDRADE A. J. , GALATI E. A. B. , GURGEL‐GONÇALVES R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe Lutzomyia subgenus (Diptera: Psychodidae) includes sibling species with morphologically indistinguishable females. The aims of this study were to analyse variations in the size and shape of wings of species within the Lutzomyia subgenus and to assess whether these analyses might be useful in their identification. Wings (n = 733) of 18 species deposited in Brazilian collections were analysed by geometric morphometrics, using other genera and subgenera as outgroups. Shape variation was summarized in multivariate analyses and differences in wing size among species were tested by analysis of variance. The results showed significant variation in the sizes and shapes of wings of different Lutzomyia species. Two clusters within the Lutzomyia subgenus were distinguished in analyses of both males and females. In Cluster 1 (Lutzomyia ischnacantha, Lutzomyia cavernicola, Lutzomyia almerioi, Lutzomyia forattinii, Lutzomyia renei and Lutzomyia battistinii), scores for correct reclassification were high (females, kappa = 0.91; males, kappa = 0.90), whereas in Cluster 2 (Lutzomyia alencari, Lutzomyia ischyracantha, Lutzomyia cruzi, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia gaminarai and Lutzomyia lichyi), scores for correct reclassification were low (females, kappa = 0.42; males, kappa = 0.48). Wing geometry was useful in the identification of some species of the Lutzomyia subgenus, but did not allow the identification of sibling species such as L. longipalpis and L. cruzi.
Pain Assessment Discrepancies: A Cross‐Sectional Study Highlights the Amount of Underrated Pain
Authors: van Ransbeeck Andrea , Budilivski Ana , Spahn Donat R. , Macrea Lucian , Giuliani Francesca , Maurer Konrad 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundInadequately treated postoperative pain can lead to longer healing processes, longer hospital stays, and the development of chronic pain. In a 900‐bed university hospital in Switzerland, pain scores were assessed systematically. The study's primary aim was to define whether the routine pain assessment on the ward is accurate and reproducible. Subsequently the obtained data were used for a benchmark analysis to determine the hospital's performance in pain assessment quality compared with similar centers.MethodsDuring a 3‐month period, PAIN OUT questionnaires were used for patients’ interviews. Patients were included randomly according to the daily surgical schedule. Pain scores were assessed routinely by nursing staff on the wards and compared to PAIN OUT data. The ascertained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics as well as the Wilcoxon test for nonparametric values using IBM SPSS.Results658 patients were included in the study. Comparing routine pain measurements with PAIN OUT results revealed that within the first 24 hours on the ward, pain scores were significantly lower than measured with PAIN OUT questionnaires. This difference increased with increasing pain scores. The quality of pain management of the hospital in which this study was performed ranged around the 50th percentile when compared to similar centers.ConclusionThe cross‐sectional data comparison of pain assessment by the ward staff and by interviews with the PAIN OUT questionnaire showed a large gap of underrated pain. The benchmark analysis with the method of PAIN OUT suggests a decent pain management among reference groups.
Phylogeny of the grasshopper family Pyrgomorphidae (Caelifera, Orthoptera) based on morphology
Authors: MARIÑO‐PÉREZ RICARDO , SONG HOJUN 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe family Pyrgomorphidae (Orthoptera: Caelifera) is considered one of the most colourful grasshopper families, which contains about 500 species distributed worldwide. Commonly referred to as gaudy or bush grasshoppers, many pyrgomorphs are known to be aposematic and capable of sequestering plant secondary compounds. Several species are considered important agricultural pests, while some species are culturally important. Nevertheless, the phylogeny of this family has never been proposed using modern cladistic methods. In this study, we present a phylogenetic analysis of Pyrgomorphidae, based on 119 morphological characters with 269 character states, covering 28 out of 31 current recognized tribes. We recovered the monophyly of the family and one of the two currently recognized subfamilies, Orthacridinae. Pyrgomorphinae was recovered as paraphyletic. Based on the most parsimonious tree, we propose four main clades and discuss the biology and biogeography of members of these clades. This is the first step towards building a natural classification for Pyrgomorphidae, which is an excellent model system for studying the evolution of interesting traits such as wing development, warning coloration and chemical defence.
Evaluation of interthalamic adhesion size as an indicator of brain atrophy in dogs with and without cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Noh Daji , Choi Sooyoung , Choi Hojung , Lee Youngwon , Lee Kija 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInterthalamic adhesion thickness has been previously described as a parameter for quantifying canine brain atrophy and hypothesized to correlate with brain height or ventricular size. However, studies testing this hypothesis are lacking. This retrospective cross‐sectional study aimed to compare interthalamic adhesion thickness, interthalamic adhesion thickness/brain height ratio, and interthalamic adhesion thickness/brain height ratio/lateral ventricle to brain height ratio values in dogs with and without cognitive dysfunction. Medical records for dogs meeting the following inclusion criteria were retrieved from two hospitals: available brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) studies, no cerebral parenchymal lesions, and no prior neurological treatment. For each included dog, values of interthalamic adhesion thickness, interthalamic adhesion thickness/brain height ratio, and interthalamic adhesion thickness/brain height ratio/lateral ventricle to brain height ratio were measured by one observer from transverse CT or MRI images and a consensus was reached. A total of 113 dogs met inclusion criteria. Dogs were divided into three groups based on the following criteria: Young group (no cognitive dysfunction, <9‐year‐old, n = 43), Aging group (no cognitive dysfunction, ≥9‐year‐old, n = 61), and Dementia group (n = 9). All three parameters were significantly lower in the dementia group than in the Young and Aging groups. In the Young and Aging groups, there was significant negative correlation of all three parameters with age and positive correlation of interthalamic adhesion thickness and interthalamic adhesion thickness/brain height ratio/lateral ventricle to brain height ratio with body weight, while there was no correlation of interthalamic adhesion thickness/brain height ratio with body weight (P < 0.05). There were no differences in all three parameters according to skull type or gender. Findings from the current study supported the use of interthalamic adhesion thickness, interthalamic adhesion thickness/brain height ratio, and interthalamic adhesion thickness/brain height ratio/lateral ventricle to brain height ratio for quantifying brain atrophy in dogs with cognitive dysfunction.
Draft Genome Sequences of 256 Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica
Serovar Enteritidis Strains Isolated from Humans, Food, Chickens, and Farm Environments in Brazil
Authors: Campioni Fábio , Cao Guojie , Kastanis George , Sanchez Leon Maria , Bergamini Alzira Maria Morato , Rodrigues Dália dos Prazeres , Allard Marc William , Falcão Juliana Pfrimer 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
serovar Enteritidis emerged in the late 1980s as the most isolated
Salmonella
serovar worldwide. Here, we report the draft genomes of 256
S
. Enteritidis strains isolated from humans, food, chickens, and farm environments in Brazil. These draft genomes will help enhance our understanding of this serovar in Brazil.
Genome Sequences of Five
Streptomyces
Bacteriophages Forming Cluster BG
Authors: Donegan-Quick Richard , Gibbs Zane A. , Amaku Patricia O. , Bernal Joshua T. , Boyd Dana A. M. , Burr Angela R. , Coelho Rainna E. , Dossou Akpedje S. , Henry Ryan M. , Huynh Mai , Kanani-Hendijani Thalia A. , Martinez Guillermina , McClendon-Moss Tianeaka O. , Orozco Sergio , San Martin Johnny M. , Stoddart Kaitlyn E. , Stringer Madison M. , Villegas Rachel L. , Nayek Subhayu , Suri Nikita , Garlena Rebecca A. , Russell Daniel A. , Hughes Lee E. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Cluster BG of the actinobacteriophage was formed upon discovery of five novel bacteriophages isolated by enrichment from their host,
Streptomyces griseus
subsp.
griseus
strain ATCC 10137. Four members of this cluster (BabyGotBac, Maih, TP1605, and YDN12) share over 89% average nucleotide identity, while the other (Xkcd426) has only 72% similarity to other cluster members.