bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Neural Networks for Energy Demand Prediction in an Economic MPC‐Based Energy Management System
Authors: Alarcón Rodrigo G. , Alarcón Martín A. , González Alejandro H. , Ferramosca Antonio 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMicrogrids are a development trend and have attracted a lot of attention worldwide. The control system plays a crucial role in implementing these systems and, due to their complexity, artificial intelligence techniques represent some enabling technologies for their future development and success. In this paper, we propose a novel formulation of an economic model predictive control (economic MPC) applied to a microgrid designed for a faculty building with the inclusion of a predictive model to deal with the energy demand disturbance using a recurrent neural network of the long short‐term memory (RNN‐LSTM). First, we develop a framework to identify an RNN‐LSTM using historical data registered by a smart three‐phase power quality analyzer to provide feedforward power demand predictions. Next, we present an economic MPC formulation that includes the prediction model for the disturbance within the optimization problem to be solved by the MPC strategy. We carried out simulations with different scenarios of energy consumption, available resources, and simulation times to highlight the results obtained and analyze the performance of the energy management system. In all cases, we observed the correct operation of the proposed control scheme, complying at all times with the objectives and operational restrictions imposed on the system.
Robust Maximum Correntropy Kalman Filter
Authors: Saha Joydeb , Bhaumik Shovan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe Kalman filter provides an optimal estimation for a linear system with Gaussian noise. However, when the noises are non‐Gaussian in nature, its performance deteriorates rapidly. For non‐Gaussian noises, maximum correntropy Kalman filter (MCKF) is developed which provides a more accurate result. In a scenario, where the actual system model differs from nominal consideration, the performance of the MCKF degrades. For such cases, in this article, we have proposed a new robust filtering technique for a linear system which maximizes a cost function defined by exponential of weighted past and present errors weighted with the kernel bandwidth. During filtering, at each time step, the kernel bandwidth is selected by maximizing the correntropy function of error. Further, a convergence condition of the proposed algorithm is derived. Numerical examples are presented to show the usefulness of the proposed filtering technique.
Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, pkCSM Drug‐Likeness Profiles, Toxicity, and DFT Study of the Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Three Flavonoid Derivatives
Authors: Karoui Samiha , Khaoua Oussama , Benbellat Noura , Antonczak Serge , Messaoudi Abdelatif 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work presents a theoretical study of the antioxidant and anticancer properties of three flavonoid derivatives Isoquercitin, Ophioglonol, and Quercetin. DFT calculations were performed to analyze their electronic properties, providing insights into their reactivity and mechanism of action. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to examine the stability behavior of the protein‐ligand complexes, providing a detailed mechanism of the interactions at the atomic level. Additionally, some physicochemical and pharmacokinetic predictions were examined by using several web servers. Quercetin and isoquercetin show therapeutic properties, with MESP plots revealing interaction regions with SOD and hAPN targets. However, isoquercetin raises concerns related to AMES toxicity and hERG inhibition. The results of Molecular docking and MD simulations provide theoretical guidance for developing effective inhibitors to treat cancer, but further experimental validation is needed to optimize therapeutic efficacy. The MM/GBSA show that Ophioglonol has the strongest binding affinity with the protein, driven by many interactions. The Actionon also demonstrates strong binding, while Isoquercitin and Quercetin have moderate to weaker affinities. The PCA revealed distinct conformational changes in the protein upon binding with the ligand, highlighting specific regions of flexibility, which could be crucial for understanding their binding mechanisms and potential therapeutic effects.
Simultaneous Production of 111In and 109Cd by Alpha Particle Irradiation of natAg Target and Synergistic Aqueous Biphasic Separation using Green Tea Polyphenols
Authors: Mitra Sayantani , Naskar Nabanita , Lahiri Susanta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract111In and 109Cd radionuclides were produced by 31 MeV
‐particle irradiation of natAg target. To separate no‐carrier added (NCA) 111In and 109Cd from bulk Ag, Aqueous Biphasic System (ABS) was constructed using twelve salts and two polyethylene glycol (PEG) combinations. Out of all these combinations, only three salts e. g., Na2SO3, Na‐ malonate and Na‐Tartrate and PEG combinations showed significant separation between bulk Ag and NCA radioisotopes. Addition of catechins extracted from green tea to the above ABS systems increased the separation factors many folds. Highest separation factor (SIn/Ag=5.6×104) for 111In was obtained in Na2SO3‐PEG 4000 and 50 mg catechins system. 109Cd retained in NCA state in the Na‐malonate phase after the extraction of 111In and bulk Ag in the catechin‐PEG phase.
Thermal Degradation Behavior of Thermally‐Oxidized Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB): An Assessment of Thermal Stability
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Xiao Ji Jun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThermal analysis was performed on different thermally oxidized hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) samples, varying in molecular weights, polydispersities, and viscosities. The HTPB sample was subjected to thermal ageing at 65 °C for 10 weeks and periodically withdrawn for thermal analysis. During thermal ageing, HTPB undergoes chain rearrangements that may include scission and subsequent crosslinking, leading to a higher average molecular weight and viscosity. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analyses were performed on thermally oxidized HTPB samples under inert heating conditions to investigate their degradation behavior. The DSC results revealed no significant correlations between the glass transition (Tg) and the samples' molecular weight, viscosity, and polydispersity. In TGA, all HTPB samples showed a two‐step thermal decomposition process characterized by two distinct mass loss stages. Notably, the first stage exhibited a lower total mass loss and a considerably lower peak rate of mass loss than the second stage. The thermal stability of HTPB is significantly compromised by thermal‐oxidative degradation, leading to a pronounced decrease in the initial degradation temperature (TIDT) values, from 372 °C (pristine or 0 week) to 228 °C (10 weeks). Furthermore, we measured the energy of activation (Ea) and the pre‐exponential factor (A) from TGA data using the Coats–Redfern integral equation. Notably, we observed a slight but systematic increase in both Ea and A as the molecular weight of the aged samples increased.
Development of Novel 1,3,4‐Trisubstituted Pyrazole Derivatives Bearing Sulfonamide Moiety as Anticancer Agents Targeting JNK Kinases
Authors: Shams Asmaa A. , Abdel‐Maksoud Mohammed S. , Mohamed Ahmed A. B. , Brogi Simone , Moustafa Mohamed A. , El‐kerdawy Mohamed M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the present work, a new set of N‐(2‐((4‐(1,3‐diphenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)pyridine sulfonamide derivatives was synthesized. Final target compounds were tested against JNK1 and JNK2 isoforms. Compounds 8f and 8d showed the highest activity over both JNK isoforms. They showed submicromolar activity over JNK1 (IC50 0.90 µM and 0.96 µM, respectively). They also showed excellent activity over JNK2 (IC50 0.62 µM and 1.07 µM, respectively). Moreover, the final target compounds were tested over HL‐60 and K‐562 cell lines for assessing the in vitro anticancer activity using sorafenib as a positive control. Compound 8f showed the highest potency at IC50 values of 6.21 and 7.43 µM, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 8e and 8g exhibited strong effects on both acute leukemia cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 13.83 and 10.02 µM, respectively, as well as chronic leukemia cancer cell line with IC50 of 12.65 and 9.51 µM, respectively. Compound 8f was also tested to examine its effect on the cell cycle. Finally, a molecular docking study was conducted to understand the plausible binding modes of the most active compounds 8d and 8f within the JNK1 and JNK2 binding sites.
Acylhydrazone Bond: A Pivotal Bridge for Modifying Julolidine Derivative with Pyrazole Group as MultiStimuli‐Responsive Fluorescent Materials
Authors: Jing Tongtong , Chen Chen , Hu Haoran , Zhang Chong , Sun Chengguo , Gao Chao , Du Yang , Hu Bingcheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo screen julolidine derivatives containing a pyrazole group with excellent fluorescence properties and promising applications in multistimuli‐responsive fluorescent materials, three novel compounds were designed and synthesized by connecting pyrazoles through typical conjugated bonds: imine (T1), dihydrazone (T2), and acylhydrazone (T3). The molecular structure of the title compounds was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HR‐MS. The representative compound T3 was verified by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Although the three compounds have roughly similar conjugated structures, dissimilarity in their fluorescence properties was apparent. The results of fluorescence studies showed that the compound T3, which was connected to julolidine and pyrazole by an acylhydrazone bond, exhibited excellent fluorescence performance compared to the other compounds T1 and T2. Compound T3 can also respond to external stimuli, such as solvent viscosity, organic acids/bases, and mechanical forces. In addition, T3 could also specifically detect Cu2+ ions, and the fluorescence titration data indicated that the low limit of detection (LOD) of compound T3 for Cu2+ is 0.26 µM within the range from 0 to 50 µM. Therefore, this work provides a preliminary basis for the development of multistimuli‐responsive fluorescent molecular materials containing acylhydrazone fragment.
The actor‐partner interdependence model of fertility stress and marital quality among couples undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: The mediating role of dyadic coping
Authors: Song Xiaorun , Zhao Jing , Xiao Zhuoni , Ye Hui , Dong ShiSi , Hu Lili , Cai Zhongxiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo explore the relationships among fertility stress, dyadic coping and marital quality in couples undergoing in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer (IVF‐ET). Couples receiving IVF‐ET treatment at the clinic of the reproductive medicine centre of a hospital in China from February 2023 to October 2023 were selected by convenience sampling. A general information questionnaire, the Infertility Fertility Stress Scale (COMP‐FPSS‐SF), the dyadic coping inventory, and the marital adjustment test were used to evaluate the results. AMOS24.0 software was used to construct an actor‐partner interdependence model that extended to mediation to analyze the relationships among couples' fertility stress, dyadic coping, and marital quality. The fertility stress level of IVF‐ET wives was significantly higher than that of their husbands (p < 0.05). Wives' levels of dyadic coping and marital quality were significantly lower than those of husbands (p < 0.05). Fertility stress, dyadic coping, and marital quality were positively correlated between IVF‐ET couples (p < 0.01). In terms of the actor effect, the fertility stress of IVF‐ET couples had a significant impact on their marital quality through their dyadic coping (β = −0.188, p < 0.05; β = −0.109, p < 0.05). In terms of partner effects, wives' fertility stress significantly affected their husbands' marital quality through their own or their husbands' dyadic coping (β = −0.055, p < 0.01; β = 0.157, p < 0.01). Dyadic coping mediates the relationship between fertility stress and marital quality in IVF‐ET couples. Nurses can use husbands and wives as central individuals and dyadic coping as the starting point to formulate intervention measures to reduce fertility stress and improve marital quality.
Development and validation of a machine learning‐based model of ischemic stroke risk in the Chinese elderly hypertensive population
Authors: Lyu Xiaoyue , Liu Jie , Gou Yingying , Sun Shengli , Hao Jing , Cui Yali 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMachine learning (ML) has made some significant contributions to stroke prevention, but the stability and accuracy of existing models for clinical applications are uncertain. This study develops and validates an interpretable ML model using metabolic and coagulation biomarkers to predict ischemic stroke in elderly hypertensive patients in Northwest China. The prediction model used 453 electronic medical records for the model building (80% as a training set and 20% as a test set) and 132 for external validation. The final seven key features (D‐dimer, cystatin C, homocysteine, hemoglobin A1c, prothrombin time, low‐density lipoprotein C, and triglyceride glucose‐body mass index) were selected by the advanced approach, elastic net, and classical wrapping approaches. The final model, eXtreme gradient boosting, was identified as having superior performance than the other 9 classifers (random forest, Gaussian process, multilayer perceptron, logistic regression, support vector machine, K‐nearest neighbor, decision tree, Gaussian naive bayes, and ensemble model), with area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curves of 0.97 and 0.94 for the test and external validation sets, respectively. The final model demonstrates excellent stability, accuracy, and clinical usefulness through various metrics and decision curve analysis. Additionally, an online human–machine interface application has been developed for clinical practice to help early identification and intervention for ischemic stroke in elderly hypertensive patients.
Central diabetes insipidus in two related juvenile deerhounds
Authors: Dillberger John E. , Roth‐Frank Michelle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTwo related juvenile deerhounds were evaluated 2 years apart because of polydipsia, pollakiuria and periuria. Until shortly before presentation, each dog lived outdoors from 6 weeks of age with its littermates, and each litter shared a single drinking water source. Physical examination findings were unremarkable. The most noteworthy laboratory finding was hyposthenuria, although both dogs also had serum sodium concentrations at the upper end of the laboratory reference range. Both dogs responded to treatment with desmopressin acetate eye drops, which relieved their clinical signs and increased their urine specific gravities, confirming a diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus. To the best of the authors’ knowledge this is the first report of diabetes insipidus in deerhounds and only the third report to suggest that central diabetes insipidus might be heritable in dogs, as it is in humans.
Clinical signs, diagnostic imaging, histopathology and outcome in a dog with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin and concurrent involvement of the cauda equina and left sciatic nerve
Authors: Loncarica Tina , Mandara Maria Teresa , La Rosa Claudia , Balducci Federica 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA 3‐year‐old, female, neutered toy poodle dog was presented with generalised tremors, neck pain and obtundation. Neurological examination revealed a multifocal localisation (brainstem and cervical spinal cord). Magnetic resonance imaging findings and cerebrospinal fluid tap were consistent with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin. After immunosuppressive treatment, the dog improved, but while tapering experienced two relapses. During the second relapse, clinical presentation revealed multifocal clinical signs affecting the brainstem, the lumbosacral spinal cord and the left sciatic nerve. Magnetic resonance imagings of the brain, lumbosacral spinal cord and the left sciatic nerve, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and histopathology of the left sciatic nerve confirmed a recurrence of a meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin involving the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Immunosuppressive treatment was re‐instituted, with improvement of clinical signs. At 1‐year follow‐up, the dog remains clinically stable with no treatment.
Catching Mind Wandering With Pupillometry: Conceptual and Methodological Challenges
Authors: Pelagatti Claudia , Blini Elvio , Vannucci Manila 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMind‐wandering (MW) refers to the shift of attention away from an ongoing task and/or external environment towards mental contents (e.g., memories, prospective thoughts) unrelated to the task. Physiological measures (e.g., pupil size, EEG, and fMRI) have often been acquired as objective markers for MW states, which has greatly helped their study as well as triangulation with other measures. Pupillometry in particular has been used as a covert biomarker of MW because it is reliably modulated by several distinct processes spanning arousal, emotion, and attention, and it signals attentional lapses. Yet, coupling MW and the measurement of pupil size has led to seemingly contrasting results. We argue that, common to the studies reviewed here, one reason is resolving to the measurement of tonic pupil size, which reflects low‐frequency, slow changes in one's physiological state, and thus implicitly assumes that MW is a static, long‐lasting process. We then additionally focus on three major axes of variability in the reviewed studies: (i) the definition and measurement of MW; (ii) the impact of contextual aspects, such as task demands and individual arousal levels; (iii) the identification and tracking of MW in combination with pupillary measures. We provide an overview of these differences and put forward recommendations for using physiological measures—including, but not limited to, pupil size—in MW research effectively. In conclusion, pupillometry can be a very informative tool for MW research, provided that it is used with the due methodological caution.
The Origin of Neutron Radiation
Authors: Swinhoe M. T. , Ensslin N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents the various sources of neutrons that are important in nondestructive measurements. These sources include the key mechanisms of spontaneous fission, neutrons from alpha particle reactions on light elements, and induced fission. The characteristics of neutrons resulting from typical sources are presented. A brief discussion of other neutrons sources, such as those from less common nuclear reactions, cosmic rays, and neutron generators, is included.
Neutron Detectors
Authors: Henzlova D. C. , Baker M. P. , Bartlett K. , Favalli A. , Iliev M. , Root M. A. , Sarnoski S. , Shin T. , Swinhoe M. T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter describes the principles of operation of the main types of neutron detector that are used in nondestructive assay. One section is devoted to gas detectors (3He and BF3) as well as boron-lined detectors, proton recoil detectors and fission chambers. A second section describes scintillation detectors. The description includes a discussion of light collection and signal acquisition. The measurement of neutron energy spectra is also described.
Passive Neutron Instrumentation and Applications
Authors: Weinmann-Smith R. K. , Aucott T. J. , Belian A. P. , Broughton D. P. , Frankl M. , Hausladen P. A. , Henzlova D. C. , Hutchinson J. D. , McElroy R. D. , Menlove H. O. , Pochet T. P. , Refalo L. A. , Root M. A. , Nelson M. , Sprinkle J. K. , Swinhoe M. T. , Watson M. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents a description of most of the instruments that are currently in use for the measurement of plutonium and uranium using passive methods (without an external source). This includes the acquisition electronics as well as Singles counting methods, coincidence counting methods and multiplicity counting methods. The Singles counting applications include the measurement of waste and curium bearing materials. The coincidence counting applications include bulk plutonium, bulk uranium, waste and holdup measurements and fresh fuel assemblies. The multiplicity application description includes advantages and disadvantages and multiplicity detector design. There is also a description of some non-3He systems. The chapter concludes with a description of additional concepts: neutron imagers, list-mode data analysis, distributed source term analysis, unattended monitoring and MCNP modeling for detector design.
Basics of Uncertainty
Authors: Stinnett J. , Santi P. A. , Swinhoe M. T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents an introduction to the basic concept of uncertainty, which is that every result is an instance taken from a distribution of potential measurements. Describing this distribution is an important part of characterizing a result. This is a complex topic and the literature has not always been consistent in the use of specific terms, for example the term ‘error’ and ‘uncertainty’. One approach is the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM). Random variables and uncertainty models are introduced. The concepts of probabilities, means and standard deviations are described. The special case of uncertainties in Poisson distributions are presented. Example cases of ‘bottom-up’ uncertainty and error propagation are given. There is a discussion of the uncertainties involved with detector calibration. The important topic of total measurement uncertainty is presented. ‘Top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ uncertainties are contrasted. There is a brief description of measurement control and the chapter concludes with a description of International Target Values.
Nuclear Material Accounting and Control Measurements
Authors: McMath G. E. , Lousteau A. L. , Smith S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNuclear material accounting and control (NMAC) is the collective set of activities that help to deter and detect unauthorized removal of nuclear material by maintaining and reporting accurate and timely inventories of all nuclear material present. NMAC is used for both nuclear safeguards and nuclear security, though the implementation may differ given the different objectives of the two. The purpose of nuclear safeguards is to detect and deter a State’s clandestine nuclear weapons program. The purpose of nuclear security is to prevent and detect attempts to steal nuclear material by a non-State actor. NMAC protects against both of these very different threats/adversaries. Even though the legal obligations, requirements, and implementation of an NMAC program differ among countries, facilities, and agencies, the basic NMAC principles are the same. This appendix discusses the basic NMAC principles with a focuses on the role of nondestructive assay, general guidance, and best practices related to measurements and measurement control as they relate to an effective NMAC program.