bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult newborn neurons interfere with fear discrimination in a protocol‐dependent manner
Authors: Yu Tzong‐Shiue , Tensaouti Yacine , Bagha Zohaib M. , Davidson Rina , Kim Ahleum , Kernie Steven G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIntroductionSignificant enhancement of neurogenesis is known to occur in response to a variety of brain insults such as traumatic brain injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that injury‐induced newborn neurons are required for hippocampus‐dependent spatial learning and memory tasks like the Morris water maze, but not in contextual fear conditioning that requires both the hippocampus and amygdala. Recently, the dentate gyrus, where adult hippocampal neurogenesis occurs, has been implicated in processing information to form specific memory under specific environmental stimuli in a process known as pattern separation.MethodsTo test whether injury‐induced newborn neurons facilitate pattern separation, hippocampus‐dependent contextual fear discrimination was performed using delta‐HSV‐TK transgenic mice, which can temporally inhibit injury‐induced neurogenesis under the control of ganciclovir.ResultsWe observed that impaired neurogenesis enhanced the ability to distinguish aversive from naïve environments. In addition, this occurs most significantly following injury, but only in a context‐dependent manner whereby the sequence of introducing the naïve environment from the aversive one affected the performance differentially.ConclusionsTemporal impairment of both baseline and injury‐induced adult neurogenesis enhances performance in fear discrimination in a context‐dependent manner.
Small cell lung carcinoma cell line screen of etoposide/carboplatin plus a third agent
Authors: Teicher Beverly A. , Silvers Thomas , Selby Michael , Delosh Rene , Laudeman Julie , Ogle Chad , Reinhart Russell , Parchment Ralph , Krushkal Julia , Sonkin Dmitriy , Rubinstein Larry , Morris Joel , Evans David 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe SCLC combination screen examined a 9‐point concentration response of 180 third agents, alone and in combination with etoposide/carboplatin. The predominant effect of adding a third agent to etoposide/carboplatin was additivity. Less than additive effects occurred frequently in SCLC lines sensitive to etoposide/carboplatin. In SCLC lines with little or no response to etoposide/carboplatin, greater than additive SCLC killing occurred over the entire spectrum of SCLC lines but never occurred in all SCLC lines. Exposing SCLC lines to tubulin‐targeted agents (paclitaxel or vinorelbine) simultaneously with etoposide/carboplatin resulted primarily in less than additive cell killing. As single agents, nuclear kinase inhibitors including Aurora kinase inhibitors, Kinesin Spindle Protein/EG5 inhibitors, and Polo‐like kinase‐1 inhibitors were potent cytotoxic agents in SCLC lines; however, simultaneous exposure of the SCLC lines to these agents along with etoposide/carboplatin, generally, resulted in less than additive cell killing. Several classes of agents enhanced the cytotoxicity of etoposide/carboplatin toward the SCLC lines. Exposure of the SCLC lines to the MDM2 inhibitor JNJ‐27291199 produced enhanced killing in 80% of the SCLC lines. Chk‐1 inhibitors such as rabusertib increased the cytotoxicity of etoposide/carboplatin to the SCLC lines in an additive to greater than additive manner. The combination of GSK‐3β inhibitor LY‐2090314 with etoposide/carboplatin increased killing in approximately 40% of the SCLC lines. Exposure to the BET bromodomain inhibitor MK‐8628 increased the SCLC cell killing by etoposide/carboplatin in 20–25% of the SCLC lines. Only 10–15% of the SCLC lines had an increased response to etoposide/carboplatin when simultaneously exposed to the PARP inhibitor talazoparib.
Angiographic and clinical performance of polymer‐free biolimus‐eluting stent in patients with ST‐segment elevation acute myocardial infarction in a metropolitan public hospital: The BESAMI MUCHO study
Authors: Sgueglia Gregory A. , D'Errico Fabrizio , Gioffrè Gaetano , De Santis Antonella , Summaria Francesco , Piccioni Fabiana , Gaspardone Achille 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed at assessing the performance of a new generation polymer‐free biolimus‐eluting stent (BES) in real‐world patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).BackgroundPolymers components of early‐generation drug‐eluting stents have been implicated in the pathogenesis of delayed arterial healing, vessel remodeling, and delayed stent thrombosis. Recently, a novel polymer‐free BES has shown excellent clinical performance in clinical trial setting.MethodsOverall, 175 consecutive patients (64 ± 14 years, 141 men) treated with the BioFreedom (Biosensors Europe, Morges, Switzerland) polymer‐free BES because of STEMI were included in this study. The primary endpoint was the rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), a composite of cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction, and ischemia‐driven target vessel revascularization at 1 year follow‐up. A subgroup of patients underwent 6‐month angiographic follow‐up. Dual antiplatelet therapy was prescribed for 12 months after STEMI.ResultsAt 1 year, the cumulative rate of MACE was 4.6%. One patient (0.6%) had an arrhythmic cardiac death and five (2.9%) had ischemia‐driven target vessel revascularization, although only three (1.7%) had target lesion revascularization. Two (1.1%) patients had acute stent thrombosis yielding nonfatal myocardial infarction. In 70 patients (63 ± 14 years, 61 men), quantitative coronary angiography at 6‐month follow‐up revealed diameter stenosis of 24.1 ± 13.7% and minimal lumen diameter of 2.29 ± 0.56 mm, yielding a late lumen loss of 0.13 ± 0.14 mm.ConclusionsIn real‐world setting, implantation of a new‐generation polymer‐free BES during STEMI is associated with favorable clinical and angiographic results, pointing toward the overall efficacy and safety of the device in complex clinical scenarios.
Transulnar cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention: techniques, transradial comparisons, anatomical considerations, and comprehensive literature review
Authors: Kar Subrata 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUlnar arterial access for cardiac catheterization and intervention is an alternative approach compared with radial or femoral access. Ulnar access is infrequently performed since the radial artery is readily palpable and is commonly used worldwide to minimize vascular complications from femoral access. Nevertheless, ulnar access provides a suitable access site in patients who are poor candidates for femoral access, have pre‐existing radial occlusion, radial artery hypoplasia or hyperplasia from prior radial artery procedures, radial stenosis, radial loops, radial tortuosity, small radial arteries, and/or have future need for radial graft for dialysis or coronary artery bypass graft. Furthermore, femoral access is the standard default option if radial access fails. Consequently, learning ulnar access provides a suitable forearm alternative to avoid femoral access when deemed high risk or undesirable. This review discusses the techniques of ulnar access, advantages and disadvantages of ulnar versus radial access, the clinical trials on ulnar cardiac catheterization and its associated complications.
Techniques and outcomes of paravalvular leak repair after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Waterbury Thomas M. , Reeder Guy S. , Pislaru Sorin V. , Cabalka Allison K. , Rihal Charanjit S. , Eleid Mackram F. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the feasibility, procedural success, and outcomes of paravalvular leak (PVL) closure in patients with prior transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).BackgroundPVL after TAVR is associated with adverse patient outcomes and increased mortality. Percutaneous PVL closure has emerged as a therapeutic strategy for addressing this issue, but data for transcatheter PVL repair after TAVR remains limited.MethodsThis is a single center retrospective review of PVL closure after TAVR. Patients with balloon‐expandable or self‐expanding prostheses were included. Baseline patient demographics, procedural characteristics, complications, and clinical outcomes were reviewed.ResultsA total of 18 patients with clinically significant PVL after TAVR referred for PVL closure were identified during the study period. Procedural success resulting in successful transcatheter occluder plug delivery was 78% (14 cases). Balloon postdilatation (2/4) and valve‐in‐valve (2/4) were used effectively in the remaining patients after an unsuccessful PVL closure attempt. PVL grading by echocardiography decreased from moderate or severe to < moderate in 13 patients (72%). Adverse events including cardiac tamponade and acute kidney injury occurred in 1 case each. One‐month all‐cause mortality was 11%.ConclusionIn selected patients, percutaneous PVL repair following TAVR is feasible and effective for both balloon‐expandable and self‐expanding prostheses. Most patients undergoing PVL closure after TAVR require a single occluder plug placement for reduction in PVL to mild or less.
Bootstrapped Biocatalysis: Biofilm‐Derived Materials as Reversibly Functionalizable Multienzyme Surfaces
Authors: Nussbaumer Martin G. , Nguyen Peter Q. , Tay Pei K. R. , Naydich Alexander , Hysi Erisa , Botyanszki Zsofia , Joshi Neel S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCell‐free biocatalysis systems offer many benefits for chemical manufacturing, but their widespread applicability is hindered by high costs associated with enzyme purification, modification, and immobilization on solid substrates, in addition to the cost of the material substrates themselves. Herein, we report a “bootstrapped” biocatalysis substrate material that is produced directly in bacterial culture and is derived from biofilm matrix proteins, which self‐assemble into a nanofibrous mesh. We demonstrate that this material can simultaneously purify and immobilize multiple enzymes site specifically and directly from crude cell lysates by using a panel of genetically programmed, mutually orthogonal conjugation domains. We further demonstrate the utility of the technique in a bienzymatic stereoselective reduction coupled with a cofactor recycling scheme. The domains allow for several cycles of selective removal and replacement of enzymes under mild conditions to regenerate the catalyst system.
Total Synthesis of the Schisandraceae Nortriterpenoid Rubriflordilactone A
Authors: Chaubet Guilhem , Goh Shermin S. , Mohammad Mujahid , Gockel Birgit , Cordonnier Marie‐Caroline A. , Baars Hannah , Phillips Andrew W. , Anderson Edward A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFull details of the total synthesis of the Schisandraceae nortriterpenoid natural product rubriflordilactone A are reported. Palladium‐ and cobalt‐catalyzed polycyclizations were employed as key strategies to construct the central pentasubstituted arene from bromoendiyne and triyne precursors. This required the independent assembly of two AB ring aldehydes for combination with a common diyne component. A number of model systems were explored to investigate these two methodologies, and also to establish routes for the installation of the challenging benzopyran and butenolide rings.
Enantiospecific Elongation of Cationic Helicenes by Electrophilic Functionalization at Terminal Ends
Authors: Duwald Romain , Pascal Simon , Bosson Johann , Grass Stéphane , Besnard Céline , Bürgi Thomas , Lacour Jérôme 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA strategy for late‐stage electrophilic functionalizations of cationic helicenes is exposed. Thanks to strongly acidic conditions that permit reversible electrophilic substitutions, regioselective acylations, sulfonylations, or alkylations occur at the extremity(ies) of the helical cores. Extended [5] or [6]helicenes can then be generated from cationic [4]helicenes in successive one‐pot elongation processes. Retention of configuration and excellent enantiospecificity (up to 99 %) are observed for the helicene growth in the enantiopure series.
Electrostatic balance between global repulsion and local attraction in reentrant polymerization of actin
Authors: Ohnuki Jun , Yodogawa Akira , Takano Mitsunori 
Published: August 2017

AbstractActin polymerization depends on the salt concentration, exhibiting a reentrant behavior: the polymerization is promoted by increasing KCl concentration up to 100 mM, and then depressed by further increase above 100 mM. We here investigated the physical mechanism of this reentrant behavior by calculating the polymerization energy, defined by the electrostatic energy change upon binding of an actin subunit to a filament, using an implicit solvent model based on the Poisson‐Boltzmann (PB) equation. We found that the polymerization energy as a function of the salt concentration shows a non‐monotonic reentrant‐like behavior, with the minimum at about 100 mM (1:1 salt). By separately examining the salt concentration effect on the global electrostatic repulsion between the like‐charged subunits and that on the local electrostatic attraction between the inter‐subunit ionic‐bond‐forming residues in the filament, we clarified that the reentrant behavior is caused by the change in the balance between the two opposing electrostatic interactions. Our study showed that the non‐specific nature of counterions, as described in the mean‐field theory, plays an important role in the actin polymerization. We also discussed the endothermic nature of the actin polymerization and mentioned the effect of ATP hydrolysis on the G‐F transformation, indicating that the electrostatic interaction is widely and intricately involved in the actin dynamics.
Investigation of Chemical Bonding in In Situ Cryocrystallized Organometallic Liquids
Authors: Sirohiwal Abhishek , Hathwar Venkatesha R. , Dey Dhananjay , Chopra Deepak 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis Communication presents the crystal structure of the organometallic complexes (η4‐1,3‐cyclohexadiene) iron tricarbonyl (I) and (methyl cyclopentadienyl) manganese tricarbonyl (II) which are both liquid at room temperature. The crystal structures were determined using a state‐of‐the‐art in situ cryocrystallization technique. The bonding features were elucidated using topological analysis of charge density in the framework of quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and theoretical charge density analysis (multipolar refinement), to decipher the metal–carbonyl, metal–olefin and metal–carbocyclic ligand interactions in these complexes. ComplexIdisplayed a simultaneous interplay of a “synergic effect” (σ‐donation and π‐back‐bonding in the metal and an end‐on coordinated carbonyl interaction) as well as consistency with the Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson (DCD) model (metal and side‐on coordinated π‐ligand interactions).
Effectiveness of implant surface debridement using particle beams at differing air pressures
Authors: Wei Max C.T. , Tran Carol , Meredith Neil , Walsh Laurence James 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBecause implant surface decontamination is challenging, air powder abrasive systems have been suggested as an alternative debridement method. This in vitro study investigated the effectiveness of different powder formulations and air pressures in cleaning implant surfaces and the extent of surface damage. A validated ink model of implant biofilm was used. Sterile 4.1 × 10 mm Grade 4 titanium implants were coated in a blue indelible ink to form a uniform, visually detectable biofilm‐like layer over the implant threads and mounted into a bone replica material with bony defects to approximate peri‐implantitis. Air powder abrasive treatments were undertaken using glycine, sodium bicarbonate, or calcium carbonate powder at air pressures of 25, 35, 45, and 55 psi. Digital macro photographs of the threads were stitched to give composite images of the threads, so the amount of ink remaining could be quantified as the residual area and expressed as a percentage. Implant surfaces were also examined with scanning electron microscopy to grade the surface changes. No treatment cleaned all the surface of the threads. The powders were ranked in order of decreasing effectiveness and decreasing surface change into the same sequence of calcium carbonate followed by sodium bicarbonate followed by glycine. Higher air pressure improved cleaning and increased surface change, with a plateau effect evident. All powders caused some level of surface alteration, with rounding of surface projections most evident. With air powder abrasive systems, there is a trade‐off between cleaning efficacy and surface damage. Using this laboratory model, sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate powders were the most effective for surface cleaning when used at air pressures as low as 25 psi.
CsPb2Br5 Single Crystals: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Dursun Ibrahim , De Bastiani Michele , Turedi Bekir , Alamer Badriah , Shkurenko Aleksander , Yin Jun , El‐Zohry Ahmed M. , Gereige Issam , AlSaggaf Ahmed , Mohammed Omar F. , Eddaoudi Mohamed , Bakr Osman M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCsPb2Br5 is a ternary halogen‐plumbate material with close characteristics to the well‐reported halide perovskites. Owing to its unconventional two‐dimensional structure, CsPb2Br5 is being looked at broadly for potential applications in optoelectronics. CsPb2Br5 investigations are currently limited to nanostructures and powder forms of the material, which present unclear and conflicting optical properties. In this study, we present the synthesis and characterization of CsPb2Br5 bulk single crystals, which enabled us to finally clarify the material's optical features. Our CsPb2Br5 crystal has a two‐dimensional structure with Pb2Br5− layers spaced by Cs+ cations, and exhibits approximately 3.1 eV indirect band gap with no emission in the visible spectrum.
Chemical Pulping Advantages of Zip‐lignin Hybrid Poplar
Authors: Zhou Shengfei , Runge Troy , Karlen Steven D. , Ralph John , Gonzales‐Vigil Eliana , Mansfield Shawn D. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHybrid poplar genetically engineered to possess chemically labile ester linkages in its lignin backbone (zip‐lignin hybrid poplar) was examined to determine if the strategic lignin modifications would enhance chemical pulping efficiencies. Kraft pulping of zip‐lignin and wild‐type hybrid poplar was performed in lab‐scale reactors under conditions of varying severity by altering time, temperature and chemical charge. The resulting pulps were analyzed for yield, residual lignin content, and cellulose DP (degree of polymerization), as well as changes in carbohydrates and lignin structure. Statistical models of pulping were created, and the pulp bleaching and physical properties evaluated. Under identical cooking conditions, compared to wild‐type, the zip‐lignin hybrid poplar showed extended delignification, confirming the zip‐lignin effect. Additionally, yield and carbohydrate content of the ensuing pulps were slightly elevated, as was the cellulose DP for zip‐lignin poplar pulp, although differences in residual lignin between zip‐lignin and wild‐type poplar were not detected. Statistical prediction models facilitated comparisons between pulping conditions that resulted in identical delignification, with the zip‐lignin poplar needing milder cooking conditions and resulting in higher pulp yield (up to 1.41 % gain). Bleaching and physical properties were subsequently equivalent between the samples with slight chemical savings realized in the zip‐lignin samples due to the enhanced delignification.
Genetic algorithm‐based routing method for enhanced video delivery over software defined networks
Authors: Yu Yun‐Shuai , Ke Chih‐Heng 
Published: August 2017

SummaryVideo streaming has emerged as a killer application in today's Internet, delivering a tremendous amount of media contents to millions of users at any given time. Such a heavy traffic load demands an effective routing method. In this paper, an effective routing method, named GA‐SDN, is developed based on software defined network (SDN) technique. To facilitate the researchers in this field to evaluate the video delivery quality over SDN, an evaluation framework and its associated source codes are provided. The framework integrates the H.264 Scalable Video coding streaming Evaluation Framework (SVEF) with the Mininet emulator. Through this framework, video processing researchers can evaluate their proposed coding algorithms in an SDN‐enabled network emulator, while network operators or executives can evaluate the impact of real video streams on the developing network architectures or protocols. Experiment results demonstrate the usefulness of myEvalSVC_SDN and prove that GA‐SDN outperforms traditional Bellman‐Ford routing algorithm in terms of packet drop rate, throughput, and average peak signal‐to‐noise ratio.
Integrating sign surveys and telemetry data for estimating brown bear (Ursus arctos) density in the Romanian Carpathians
Authors: Popescu Viorel D. , Iosif Ruben , Pop Mihai I. , Chiriac Silviu , Bouroș George , Furnas Brett J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAccurate population size estimates are important information for sustainable wildlife management. The Romanian Carpathians harbor the largest brown bear (Ursus arctos) population in Europe, yet current management relies on estimates of density that lack statistical oversight and ignore uncertainty deriving from track surveys. In this study, we investigate an alternative approach to estimate brown bear density using sign surveys along transects within a novel integration of occupancy models and home range methods. We performed repeated surveys along 2‐km segments of forest roads during three distinct seasons: spring 2011, fall‐winter 2011, and spring 2012, within three game management units and a Natura 2000 site. We estimated bears abundances along transects using the number of unique tracks observed per survey occasion via N‐mixture hierarchical models, which account for imperfect detection. To obtain brown bear densities, we combined these abundances with the effective sampling area of the transects, that is, estimated as a function of the median (± bootstrapped SE) of the core home range (5.58 ± 1.08 km2) based on telemetry data from 17 bears tracked for 1‐month periods overlapping our surveys windows. Our analyses yielded average brown bear densities (and 95% confidence intervals) for the three seasons of: 11.5 (7.8–15.3), 11.3 (7.4–15.2), and 12.4 (8.6–16.3) individuals/100 km2. Across game management units, mean densities ranged between 7.5 and 14.8 individuals/100 km2. Our method incorporates multiple sources of uncertainty (e.g., effective sampling area, imperfect detection) to estimate brown bear density, but the inference fundamentally relies on unmarked individuals only. While useful as a temporary approach to monitor brown bears, we urge implementing DNA capture–recapture methods regionally to inform brown bear management and recommend increasing resources for GPS collars to improve estimates of effective sampling area.