bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pak Materi Yesus Mengajarkan Pengampunan Melalui Model PBL Fase C Kelas V di SDN 046413 Barung Kersap
Authors: Lisius Bangunta Munthe  , Ermina Waruwu  
Published: October 2024

Improving learning outcomes is a certain competency or ability achieved by students after following the teaching and learning process and includes cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills, which is one of the hopes for every teacher towards their students, the ability to improve the learning outcomes of students at SD Negeri 046413 Barung Kersap is still relatively low, so that linearly student learning outcomes are low, therefore the existing problems will be tried to be overcome with a more interesting learning model, namely PBL. This research aims to find out whether the application of the problem based learning model can improve student learning outcomes in the Catholic Religion Learning process and whether the use of this model can also improve student learning outcomes in Catholic religious learning. The method used is classroom action research with the variable being PBL learning to improve learning outcomes. Data collection techniques using observation, written tests, interviews and documentation were carried out on 11 children. The findings in this research were that in cycle 1 the average score was 36.36% or 45.45%, there were still 2 students who were still at the Eligible stage. In the second cycle the average score was 94.54 or 100% completion of learning outcomes for all students. The increase in learning outcomes increased from 83.63 to 94.54. The implication of this research is that the PBL method can be used by teachers creatively, the teacher's creativity in using the student center learning method brings the completeness of learning outcomes to an increase.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikiri Kritis dan Kreatifitas Siswa dengan Model Problem Base Learning (PBL) pada Siswa Kelas IV Fase B di SD Negeri 12 Sungai Risap
Authors: Paskarada Gerada  , Dicky Aprianto  , Hedwigis Dian Permatasari  
Published: October 2024

This research aims to describe the application of the Problem Base Learning (PBL) model in improving the critical and creative thinking abilities of class IV phase B students at SD 12 Sungai Risap. As well as describing how the critical thinking skills and creativity of class IV phase B students at SD 12 Sungai Risap increased after implementing PBL. The type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK), entitled "Improving Students' Critical Thinking Abilities and Student Creativity with the PBL Model in Class IV Phase B Students at SD Negeri 12 Sungai Risap." This research was carried out at SDN 12 Sungai Risap, Binjai Hulu District, Sintang Regency from 13 to 19 September 2024. This research was carried out using the Problem Based Learning model. The research subjects were students of class IV Phase B at SDN 12 Sungai Risap. The research object was the application of the Problem Base Learning (PBL) model in improving the critical and creative thinking abilities of class IV phase B students at SD 12 Sungai Risap. The research was carried out in two classroom actions. The activity stages include planning, implementation, observation, analysis and reflection which are carried out face to face. Data collection was carried out by making direct observations and distributing questionnaires to students. Data analysis techniques are carried out through data collection, data condensation, presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model can improve the critical thinking skills of class IV Phase B students at SD 12 Sungai Risap. Overall, PBL forces students to be active in their learning process, thereby improving critical thinking skills by teaching them to analyze, evaluate, and make better decisions. The application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model can increase the creativity of class IV Phase B students at SD 12 Sungai Risap. Use of Innovative Ideas, Diverse Learning Outcome Products, Alternative Approaches to Problem Solving, Deeper Exploration. Overall, PBL facilitates increased critical thinking and creativity in students by placing them in learning situations that require complex and innovative problem solving.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PAK dengan Metode PBL Berbantuan Video Pembelajaran Pada Materi Bersyukur Atas Keunikan Diri di Fase B Kelas IV SD Fransiskus Kota Baturaja
Authors: Stepanus Ardi Paskarani  , Hartutik Hartutik  
Published: October 2024

The teaching method applied by teachers in the 4th grade of SD Fransiskus Baturaja still uses the lecture method, which results in students being less accustomed to reflecting on the importance of honesty and courage in speaking the truth, leading to unmet learning targets. This study aims to enhance the character dimension of faith, devotion to God Almighty, and noble morals through the application of the PBL (problem-based learning) method with the aid of instructional videos. This classroom action research was conducted in 2 cycles with the material "Gratitude for Uniqueness," sub-material "Uniqueness as God's Gift," and "I Have Strengths and Weaknesses." Each cycle consists of four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were 24 4th grade students in Phase B at SD Fransiskus Baturaja. The research results showed an increase in the Pancasila Student Profile (P3) character dimension of Faith, Devotion to God Almighty, and Noble Morals from 67% to 78% during the PBL learning process. There was also an improvement in students' learning outcomes, with proficient results increasing from 13% to 37%, competent from 46% to 63%, and a decrease in the categories of adequate and developing from 25% and 17% to 0%. Conclusion: Focusing on one dimension of the Pancasila Student Profile (P3) in learning with the PBL model supported by video media has proven effective in improving aspects of faith, devotion to God Almighty, and noble morals, as well as academic performance, as evidenced by the achievement of Catholic Religious Education learning targets in the 4th grade at SD Fransiskus Baturaja. Recommendation: Teachers can focus on one dimension of character development through a problem-solving-oriented teaching method.
Luto antecipatório: a vivência dos familiares de pacientes com câncer terminal.
Authors: Soares Lara Carolina dos Reis , Torres Camila Guimarães , Dimas Fabiana Lopes 
Published: October 2024

O recebimento do diagnóstico do câncer para o indivíduo está diretamente ligado às suas emoções e, também influencia as emoções do familiar que está acompanhando a sua internação. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa que aconteceu em um hospital público de referência para tratamento oncológico localizado em Brasília-DF no Hospital Regional de Taguatinga (HRT), na ala de Oncologia, tem como objetivo compreender o processo de luto antecipatório para familiares de pacientes oncológicos em fase de fim de vida, por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, de modo que foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com dez acompanhantes. Assim, esse estudo analisa como acontece o luto antecipatório e como os familiares lidam diante da situação e finitude do ente querido.
Incorporating sex and gender into health research funded by the Brazilian Ministry of Health: lessons learned in 15 years and prospects for change
Authors: Batista Rayane Cavalcante Pereira , Solans-Domènech Maite , Angulo-Tuesta Antonia 
Published: October 2024

Incorporating sex and gender differences into health research demonstrates the inequalities in the health of women, men and intersex people. This study analyzed funding provided by the Brazilian Ministry of Health’s Department of Science and Technology (Decit/MS) for research incorporating sex and gender in Brazil between 2004 and 2018, stratified by year, region, funding format, and type of research. This is a descriptive retrospective study based on public secondary data provided by Decit/MS. A total of 171 studies were funded, with a value of 30.5 million PPP$, most conducted in educational and research institutions in Southeast Brazil (78.4%). Stratified analysis revealed no significant difference in the amount of funding provided under different government administrations. The largest investment was for national research funding (57.9%). Ten institutions received most of the financial resources provided (82.8%). The most funded research was on population and public health (62%). The most studied topic was chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCD) (29%). Investments in research were insufficient and unequally distributed among regions, receiving institutions, and types of research. Government and funding agencies need to implement specific action plans to encourage understanding of sex and gender disparities in the Brazilian health sector.
Estrategias innovadoras para reducir la evasión fiscal y fortalecer la cultura tributaria en Latinoamérica
Authors: Quintanilla-Gavilanes Jorge Aníbal , Moreira-Basurto Clemente Aladino , Quintanilla-Castellanos Jorge Steven , Quintanilla-Bonilla Aníbal José 
Published: October 2024

La recaudación tributaria es una de las metodologías más antiguas que favorece al estado en la prosecución de obras en pro de su desarrollo. Los gobiernos a través de los años han logrado articular diferentes estrategias, metodologías y mecanismos para su recaudación, mediante las diferentes legislaciones adjetivas y sustantivas de cada región, obedeciendo a intereses propios de cada país, sin embargo, la evasión fiscal es uno de los problemas difíciles que aquejan por lo menos a la región latinoamericana, por lo que es vital la renovación de estrategias y constante innovación en los mecanismos dispuestos para recaudar impuestos. El objetivo central de esta investigación es conocer las nuevas estrategias para disminuir la evasión fiscal y fortalecer la cultura tributaria en Latinoamérica, todo ello mediante una metodología de tipo bibliográfica documental, en la que se buscó información en bases de datos especializadas como Dialnet, Scielo, Latindex, usando como buscador principal Google Académico. Como resultados se pueden mencionar que uno de los mecanismos que más se ha implementado en la región es la facturación electrónica, así como la implementación de tecnología avanzada que permite el rastreo de transacciones, mecanismos de cooperación internacional, refuerzo en los sistemas aduanales, lo que ha permitido evitar fraudes y evasión a la hacienda de los países.
JUSTIÇA RESTAURATIVA: UM NOVO PARADIGMA - BREVES REFLEXÕES SOBRE O ESTADO DE COISAS INCONSTITUCIONAL NO CÁRCERE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Garcia Natália Luz 
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho tem como escopo apontar os aspectos positivos da implantação da justiça restaurativa na seara criminal. Em primeiro lugar analisará o Estado de Coisas Inconstitucionais que o atual cenário carcerário brasileiro enfrenta. Em segundo lugar, apresentará críticas ao caráter desumano que o cárcere representa e como tal situação inviabiliza o processo de ressocialização do ofensor. E finalmente demonstrará os benefícios das práticas restaurativas como um modelo inovador voltado para um paradigma mais humano e adequado de pacificação social, por meio de uma concepção dialógica que estabelece a aproximação entre as partes, além de atribuir igual preocupação e compromisso com vítimas e ofensores, envolvendo ambos no processo de fazer justiça. de modo a apoiar os ofensores e ao mesmo tempo encorajá-los a compreender, aceitar e cumprir obrigações, sob um conceito desvinculado da ideia de castigo. A abordagem do Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional no sistema prisional no Brasil objetivou apresentar uma resposta à violação de direitos humanos nesse setor. A resposta é a justiça restaurativa como o novo paradigma e método efetivo de pacificação social. Ainda, de maneira incidental, argumentei sobre a real raiz do problema. Por fim, o conteúdo também questiona a finalidade da pena e discorre sobre a necessidade de responsabilizar sem ferir!
Reducing Overall Active Power Loss by Placing Solar and Wind Generators in a Distribution Power System using Wild Horse Optimizer Algorithm
Authors: Minh Chau Le Thi , Duong Minh Quan 
Published: October 2024

This study optimized the locations and sizes of wind-based distributed generators (WDGs) and solar photovoltaic-based distributed generators (PVDGs) to reduce the overall active power loss (OAPL) of an IEEE 85-bus distribution power system (DPS). Three meta-heuristic algorithms, including the Wild Horse Optimizer Algorithm (WHOA), the Archimedes Optimization Algorithm (AOA), and the Transient Search Optimization (TSO) algorithm, were applied and compared to each other to identify the most effective method for finding the best value of OAPL. Based on the analysis, WHOA outperformed the other methods in achieving the best value of OAPL according to different criteria. Additionally, the effectiveness of WHOA was compared with previous studies, while WHOA also proved its strength in reducing overall losses, decreasing grid power, and improving voltage profiles. Moreover, the effectiveness of WHOA was tested for a 24-hour period with varying loads and the addition of PVDGs and WDGs. The results indicated that WHOA could successfully determine the optimal positions of both PVDGs and WDGs in Case 3, Case 4.1, and Case 4.2, achieving the optimal value of OAPL in the selected DPS, decreasing grid power utilization, and improving the voltage profile. In conclusion, WHOA proved itself to be an effective optimization tool for dealing with large-scale optimization problems
CAUSES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF LARGE RESIDUAL POST-TUBERCULOSIS CHANGES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AT THE PRESENT STAGE
Authors:   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Petrakova I.Yu. , Gubkina M.F. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia,  N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Ovsyankina E.S. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Panova L.V. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Yukhimenko N.V. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Khokhlova Yu.Yu. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia, Sterlikova S.S. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2024

Objective: to identify factors contributing to the development of large residual changes in children of different age groups with pulmonary TB. Materials and methods. A retrospective comparative nonrandomized study included 455 patients aged 2–17 years admitted to hospital of the Central TB Research Institute. The patients were divided into 3 age groups: group 1 – early age children, group 2 – children of preschool age or young schoolchildren, and group 3 – prepubertal children and adolescents. Each group was divided into two subgroups based on treatment outcomes: subgroup a – patients with large residual changes and subgroup b – children with small residual changes after pulmonary TB. The influence of predictors on the volume of residual changes was assessed based on odds ratio (OR) in subgroups a and b in different age groups. Results. In group 1 the most significant predictors of large residual changes after pulmonary TB were late detection of TB, lack of contact observation and continuous exposure to TB (OR = 14.9, 6.2 and 5.8 respectively); in group 2 – late detection of TB, residence in the area with high prevalence of TB, and previous TB treatment failure (OR = 47.6, 5.8 and 5.6 respectively); in group 3 – concomitant diseases, previous TB treatment failure (OR = 8.4 and 5.8 respectively), residence in the area with high prevalence of TB, and late detection of TB (OR = 4.7 and 4.6 respectively). Conclusions. 1. The main factors influencing the volume of post-tuberculosis residual changes in all age subgroups were time of detection and treatment effectiveness. 2. Less significant predictors influencing residual changes were: lack of contact observation and duration of exposure to TB, concomitant diseases, lack of BCG vaccination, residence with a sociopathic family in a high burden territory or rural area. 3. Defective preventive examinations resulted in both large and small residual changes and contributed to untimely detection, but were not determinant factors of the development of large post-tuberculosis residual changes. 4. Highly informative diagnostic methods (intradermal testing with RTA and chest CT) result in early detection of TB only in cases of timely application.
TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH TB/HIV CO-INFECTION AND MENTAL ILLNESS
Authors:   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia,  A.E. Rabukhin TB Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Bazazhi S.G. , Zakharov A.V. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Demikhova O.V. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Polyakov A.A. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia,  A.E. Rabukhin TB Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Romanov V.V. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Ergeshov A.E. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2024

Objective: to evaluate the impact of mental illness (MI) on the effectiveness of TB treatment in TB/HIV co-infected cases. Materials and methods. We carried out a comparative analysis of TB treatment effectiveness in 162 cases: 94 TB/HIV cases with MI and 68 TB/HIV cases without MI. We studied clinical, radiological, and immunological characteristics of cases, drug susceptibility data, the volume of TB treatment, concomitant diseases, and the structure of adverse events.Results. The effectiveness of treatment based on sputum conversion by the end of the inpatient phase was twice lower in MI cases compared to cases without MI – 31.6 and 69.0% respectively. The similar ratio between the groups was established for cavity closure – 38.1 and 60% respectively. The lethality rate was 2.5 times higher in TB/HIV cases with MI compared to TB/HIV cases – 17 and 7.4% respectively. Conclusion. The obtained results witness a significant negative impact of MI on the effectiveness of TB treatment in TB/HIV co-infected cases. The development of individualized programmes for managing this category of patients is required.
لغة القرآن وأثرها في فهم كتاب الله دراسة في نظريات القضايا القرآنية
Authors: الحمادي محمد 
Published: October 2024

كل ما يرتبط بالقرآن فهو يكتسب شرفيةً ومنزلة من حيث شرفية القرآن ومنزلته، سواء أكان من جهة البحث عن تفسيره، أو علوم القرآن المرتبطة به أو من جهة الدفاع عنه بوجه من يُشكل عليه وينتقص تعاليمه ومعارفه، أو أي شيءٍ يرتبط به، ومن المباحث التي لها أهمية بالغة لما لها من آثار معرفية في فهم كتاب الله تعالى هي مسألة لغة القرآن، فإنّ النظريات المختلفة في هذه المسألة تشكل الشريان الذي يؤثر بصورة كبيرة جداً على فهم القرآن الكريم، فهذه المسألة تشبه إلى حدٍ كبير المسائل الأصولية بالنسبة للاستنباط الفقهي، فالدخول في العملية الاستنباطية دون تنقيح حجية الظهور أو حجية خبر الواحد سيكون كدخول الأعمى إلى غابة من الأشواك والورود لكنه لعماه يمد يده على كل شيءٍ أمامه ... هكذا من يدخل لتفسير القرآن من دون أن يتبنى لغةً من لغات القرآن، فهل خاطبنا القرآن بالخطاب الرمزي، وعلى أي نحوٍ من أنحاء الرمز إن كان الخطاب رمزياً، أم خاطبنا بظاهر العربية العرفية، أم لا هذا ولا ذاك بل إنّه خاطبنا بخطاب الفطرة التي فطر الناس عليها؟ هذه بعض النظريات في لغة القرآن ولكلٍ منها أثر على فهم هذا الكتاب العظيم، فلا بد من الوصول إلى النتيجة التي يرتضيها العقل ويدعمها النقل والفهم السليم فبحثنا يعرض النظريات ومن ثم يُقيّمها على وفق المنطق الصحيح والميزان الواضح الصريح .
Аналіз індексу економічних настроїв та очікувань бізнесу (ESI) у Європейському Союзі, зокрема країнах Карпатського регіону та Україні
Authors: Бачо Роберт , Ганусич Вероніка 
Published: October 2024

Класичні аналітичні дослідження характеризуються певним суб'єктивізмом, оскільки залежать від погляду аналітика на динаміку аналізованих показників. Для об'єктивності до комплексного макро- та мікроекономічного аналізу важливо включати індикатори, які характеризують настрої та очікування самих учасників ринку: бізнесу та споживачів. Одним із таких індикаторів є Індикатор економічних настроїв (Economic Sentiment Indicator (ESI)). У статті здійснено аналіз ESI Європейського союзу в цілому та в розрізі окремих країн. Особливий акцент у статті зроблений на аналіз країн Карпатського регіону Європейського союзу (Угорщини, Румунії, Словаччини та Польщі) як найближчих сусідів та стратегічних партнерів України. Проведений аналіз Індексу економічних настроїв в Україні та низки індикаторів ділової впевненості, а саме Індикатора ділової впевненості в переробній промисловості, Індикатора ділової впевненості в будівництві, Індикатора ділової впевненості в роздрібній торгівлі, Індикатора ділової впевненості у сфері послуг та Індикатора споживчої впевненості.
Загальноєвропейський Індикатор економічних настроїв вже тривалий час знаходиться у зоні песимізму, тобто нижче 100 пунктів. Поганим знаком для економіки Європейського союзу є те, що у країнах з традиційно високим рівнем розвитку економіки очікування найгірші, а саме в Німеччині, Франції, Австрії, Італії. Дослідження показало, що Індикатор економічних настроїв в деяких випадках навіть точніше відображає справжню стадію економічного циклу, ніж макроекономічні показники. Значення Індикатор економічних настроїв у країнах Карпатського регіону Європейського союзу дещо вищі ніж в середньому по Європейському союзу. Настрої в цих країнах корелюють із ростом ВВП за минулий рік. Там де вдалося зберегти тенденцію до росту ВВП – ESI найвищі, як у Румунії та Словаччині. Країни, де ВВП зростав не суттєво або взагалі знижувався, знаходяться у песимістичній зоні ESI (Польща, Угорщина). Індикатор економічних настроїв в Україні, не зважаючи на складну економічну ситуацію, має позитивну динаміку і починаючи з ІІ кварталу 2023 році знаходиться в оптимістичній зоні вище 100 пунктів, це може бути пов'язано із збереженням позитивних темпів росту ВВП. В той же час суттєво знижуються значення показників ділової впевненості бізнесу, зокрема Індикатор ділової впевненості в переробній промисловості, Індикатор ділової впевненості у сфері послуг та Індикатор ділової впевненості в будівництві. Індикатор ділової впевненості в роздрібній торгівлі єдиний серед показників ділової впевненості, який має позитивне значення. Настрої споживачів ще гірші, ніж очікування бізнесу: Індикатор споживчої впевненості знаходиться на своїх історичних мінімумах. Аналіз Індикатора економічних настроїв забезпечує комплексний підхід та дозволяє робити більш обґрунтовані висновки при фінансовому аналізі компаній, інвестиційному аналізі та макроекономічному аналіз.