bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A foot in both camps: role identity and entrepreneurial orientation in professional service firms
Authors: Stewart Steven A. , Castrogiovanni Gary J. , Hudson Bryant Ashley 
Published: July 2016

Purpose– Professional service entrepreneurs (PSEs) paradoxically practice their profession in highly institutionalized contexts that require intense socialization, while also enacting another role as an entrepreneur. Activities consistent with entrepreneurship may be unnecessary for – and possibly contradictory with – activities consistent with professional roles. The purpose of this paper is to address the question of how two highly important role identities (professional and entrepreneurial) relate to entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in professional firms.Design/methodology/approach– Using a survey methodology, the authors measure entrepreneurial and professional role identity importance, and PSE’s perceptions of firm-level EO, using a sample of 138 medical practitioners who own and operate their own small-to medium-sized professional practices. In this paper, the authors examine the associations of the importance of these identities, and the relative importance of one to another, with EO.Findings– The authors find that a PSE’s entrepreneurial role identity importance is positively related to the EO dimensions of risk taking and innovativeness, while professional role identity importance is negatively related to risk taking. Additionally, the authors find that the degree of relative importance (centrality) of an entrepreneurial role identity to a professional role identity is related positively to the EO dimensions of risk taking, innovativeness, and proactiveness.Research limitations/implications– This is a cross-sectional study. As such, the authors examine associations rather than a process. The sample is limited to professional medical practitioners in the USA who own and operate their own practices.Originality/value– This paper helps to better understand why some professional firms are more entrepreneurial than others. The findings suggest that, even in the conservative context of professional services, the PSEs entrepreneurial role centrality is consistent with the EO of the firm’s strategies.
Consumer generated brand extensions: definition and response strategies
Authors: Boon Edward , Grant Philip , Kietzmann Jan 
Published: July 2016

PurposeSometimes consumers express their enthusiasm for a brand by creating brand extensions, products or services in new categories that are closely affiliated with the “parent” brand. This paper aims to examine the positive or negative impact that consumer-generated brand extensions (CGBEs) can have on brand image and revenue, and the options that companies have available to deal with them.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a case study of the collectible strategy card game – Magic: The Gathering – and discusses how the company responded to five different brand extensions that were created by players. This case study was used to develop a framework that allows managers to evaluate CGBEs based on their benefits and risks and to select an appropriate response.FindingsFour possible responses were identified: challenge, criticize, commend and catalyze. Which of these responses is appropriate for companies depends on whether the CGBE has a positive or negative impact on the brand image and revenue and whether this impact is large enough to merit an active response.Originality/valueThis study shows that it is essential for managers to understand how to evaluate CGBEs. Managed properly, they can improve product usage, help generate new customers and have a positive impact on revenue and brand image. However, CGBEs can also have a negative effect, in particular if they are substitutes for the original product.
Immunosuppression, peripheral inflammation and invasive infection from endogenous gut microbiota activate retinal microglia in mouse models
Authors: Maneu Victoria , Noailles Agustina , Gómez‐Vicente Violeta , Carpena Nuria , Cuenca Nicolás , Gil M Luisa , Gozalbo Daniel 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTAlthough its actual role in the progression of degenerative processes is not fully known, the persistent activated state of retinal microglia and the concurrent secretion of inflammatory mediators may contribute to neuronal death and permanent vision loss. Our objective was to determine whether non‐ocular conditions (immunosuppression and peripheral inflammation) could lead to activation of retinal microglia. Mouse models of immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide and/or peripheral inflammation by chemically induced sublethal colitis in C57BL/6J mice were used. Retinal microglia morphology, spatial distribution and complexity, as well as MHCII and CD11b expression levels were determined by flow cytometry and confocal immunofluorescence analysis with anti‐CD11b, anti‐IBA1 and anti‐MHCIIRT1B antibodies. Retinas of mice with double treatment showed changes in microglial morphology, spatial distribution and expression levels of CD11b and MHCII. These effects were higher than those observed with any treatment separately. In addition, we also observed in these mice: (i) translocation of endogenous bacteria from gut to liver, and (ii) upregulation of TLR2 expression in retinal microglia. Using a mouse model of immunosuppression and gut colonization by Candida albicans, translocation of fungal cells was confirmed to occur in wild type and, to a higher extent, in TLR2 KO mice, which are more susceptible to fungal invasion; interestingly microglial changes were also higher in TLR2 KO mice. Hence, non‐ocular injuries (immunosuppression, peripheral inflammation and invasive infection from endogenous gut microbiota) can activate retinal microglia and therefore could affect the progression of neurodegenerative disorders and should be taken into account to improve therapeutic options.
Subcritical Water Induced Complexation of Soy Protein and Rutin: Improved Interfacial Properties and Emulsion Stability
Authors: Chen Xiao‐Wei , Wang Jin‐Mei , Yang Xiao‐Quan , Qi Jun‐Ru , Hou Jun‐Jie 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRutin is a common dietary flavonoid with important antioxidant and pharmacological activities. However, its application in the food industry is limited mainly because of its poor water solubility. The subcritical water (SW) treatment provides an efficient technique to solubilize and achieve the enrichment of rutin in soy protein isolate (SPI) by inducing their complexation. The physicochemical, interfacial, and emulsifying properties of the complex were investigated and compared to the mixtures. SW treatment had much enhanced rutin‐combined capacity of SPI than that of conventional method, ascribing to the well‐contacted for higher water solubility of rutin with stronger collision‐induced hydrophobic interactions. Compared to the mixtures of rutin with proteins, the complex exhibited an excellent surface activity and improved the physical and oxidative stability of its stabilized emulsions. This improving effect could be attributed to the targeted accumulation of rutin at the oil–water interface accompanied by the adsorption of SPI resulting in the thicker interfacial layer, as evidenced by higher interfacial protein and rutin concentrations. This study provides a novel strategy for the design and enrichment of nanovehicle providing water‐insoluble hydrophobic polyphenols for interfacial delivery in food emulsified systems.
Is there a difference between EQ‐5D and SF‐6D in the clinical setting? a comparative study on the quality of life measured by AIMS2‐SF, EQ‐5D and SF‐6D scales for osteoarthritis patients
Authors: Zhang Fang , Yang Yu , Huang Tao , Zhang Yiye , Zhao Li , Li Shuchuen 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe use of both generic and disease‐specific instruments in assessing quality of life (QoL) in subjects may pose a barrier in a busy clinical setting with heavy case load. Our current study attempted to evaluate the responsiveness of generic scales, EQ‐5D and SF‐6D, as compared with a disease‐specific instrument, AIM2‐SF, in patients with osteoarthritis, to judge which of the two generic instruments would be more suitable to be used alone in the clinical setting.MethodsCorrelation tests with Pearson correlation coefficient were carried out between EQ‐5D and SF‐6D scales, and AIMS2‐SF scale for both 100 first‐diagnosed osteoarthritis patients and 22 patients with two follow‐up interviews. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was further performed on the impact of dimensions that affect the change of QoL.ResultsIn the evaluation of QoL for 100 patients with osteoarthritis by the EQ‐5D scale, anxiety was the dimension with the highest sensitivity; while the SF‐6D scale had higher sensitivity on two dimensions of psychological health and role limitations. Therefore, SF‐6D would appear more suitable for evaluating QoL of arthritis patients at first presentation. For patients at follow‐up interviews, EQ‐5D scale maintained the highest sensitivity on anxiety and SF‐6D scale only had high sensitivity on the psychological health dimension. As such, the two scales would have equivalent effects for the patients at follow‐up interviews. In comparison, all the dimensions of SF‐6D showed significant correlation with practically every dimension of AIMS2‐SF. Hence, the overall results indicate SF‐6D may be more suitable for use in patients with clinical osteoarthritis.
Postoperative chylothorax after pulmonary wedge resection in two patients who underwent radical neck dissection: A case report
Authors: Seto Katsutoshi , Kuroda Hiroaki , Mizuno Tetsuya , Sakakura Noriaki , Sakao Yukinori 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPostoperative chylothorax after wedge resection without mediastinal lymph node dissection is extremely rare. Herein, we report two cases: one case of postoperative chylothorax that developed after wedge resection and another of expanded collaterals detected during thoracoscopic surgery. We believe the cause of this complication to be the history of neck and pulmonary ligament dissections during pulmonary surgery.
Upregulation of cystathione β‐synthase and p70S6K/S6 in neonatal hypoxic ischemic brain injury
Authors: Lechpammer Mirna , Tran Yen P. , Wintermark Pia , Martínez‐Cerdeño Veronica , Krishnan Viswanathan V. , Ahmed Waseem , Berman Robert F. , Jensen Frances E. , Nudler Evgeny , Zagzag David 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEncephalopathy of prematurity (EOP) is a complex form of cerebral injury that occurs in the setting of hypoxia‐ischemia (HI) in premature infants. Using a rat model of EOP, we investigated whether neonatal HI of the brain may alter the expression of cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) and the components of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. We performed unilateral carotid ligation and induced HI (UCL/HI) in Long‐Evans rats at P6 and found increased CBS expression in white matter (i.e. corpus callosum, cingulum bundle and external capsule) as early as 24 h (P7) postprocedure. CBS remained elevated through P21, and, to a lesser extent, at P40. The mTOR downstream target 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K and phospho‐p70S6K) and 40S ribosomal protein S6 (S6 and phospho‐S6) were also overexpressed at the same time points in the UCL/HI rats compared to healthy controls. Overexpression of mTOR components was not observed in rats treated with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus. Behavioral assays performed on young rats (postnatal day 35–37) following UCL/HI at P6 indicated impaired preference for social novelty, a behavior relevant to autism spectrum disorder, and hyperactivity. Everolimus restored behavioral patterns to those observed in healthy controls. A gait analysis has shown that motor deficits in the hind paws of UCL/HI rats were also significantly reduced by everolimus. Our results suggest that neonatal HI brain injury may inflict long‐term damage by upregulation of CBS and mTOR signaling. We propose this cascade as a possible new molecular target for EOP—a still untreatable cause of autism, hyperactivity and cerebral palsy.
Anti-microbial peptide gene expression during oral vaccination: analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Simuyandi M , Kapulu M , Kelly P 
Published: July 2016

SummaryWe have observed previously that micronutrient supplementation ameliorated suppression of α-defensin expression during diarrhoea. However, how interactions between anti-microbial peptide (AMP) expression and diarrhoeal disease are altered by micronutrient supplementation remain unclear. Using oral vaccination as a model of intestinal infection, we measured changes in AMP expression during multiple micronutrient supplementation. In the first part, volunteers underwent duodenal jejunal biopsy before and at 1, 2, 4 or 7 days after administration of one of three live, attenuated oral vaccines against rotavirus, typhoid and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. In the second part, participants were randomized to receive a multiple micronutrient supplement or placebo for 6 weeks before undergoing intestinal biopsy, vaccination against typhoid and rebiopsy after 14 days. Expression of human alpha-defensin (HD)5, HD6, hBD1, hBD2 and LL-37 was measured by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Taken together, the bacterial vaccines, but not rotavirus vaccine, reduced HD5 expression (P = 0·02, signed-rank test) and reduced LL-37 expression in seven of the eight individuals whose biopsies had expression prevaccination (P = 0·03). hBD2 was not detected. In the controlled trial, HD5 and HD6 expression after vaccination was lower [median ratio 0·5, interquartile range (IQR) = 0·07–2·2 and 0·58, IQR = 0·13–2·3, respectively] than before vaccination. There was no significant effect detected of micronutrient supplementation on expression of HD5, HD6, hBD1 or LL-37. We conclude that live attenuated bacterial vaccines, but not rotavirus vaccine, can reduce intestinal α-defensins, and typhoid vaccine reduced LL-37 expression. We found no evidence that micronutrient supplementation in the short term had any impact on anti-microbial peptide expression.
Redefining Access: Embracing multimodality, memorability and shared experience in Museums
Authors: Eardley Alison F. , Mineiro Clara , Neves Joselia , Ride Peter 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe authors discuss the principles of “access for all” in museums, both physical and intellectual access. They explore this question of multisensory processing in neurologically typical individuals, and case studies of two Portuguese museums that experimented with implementation of an “access for all” approach to the presentation of their permanent collections. The study was designed with three phases: addressing architectural barriers to access, preparation of accessible information about space and objects, and testing of alternative formats to convey this information to learn how to meet diverse needs in different ways. Set in the context of research on multisensory learning, this article discusses why an access for all principle is a majority issue as well as a moral and legal concept. It discusses two case studies where an “access for all” museological approach has been applied to access to the collections, with differing success. The discussion focuses on how an “access for all” approach could enhance learning, long‐term memorability and the ‘cultural value’ of a museum experience for all visitors.
Creating a Business Strategy Evaluation Model for National Museums Based on the Views of Curators
Authors: Tsai Pei‐Hsuan , Lin Chin‐Tsai 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study is to find the critical factors that influence Taiwan's national museum business performance based on its curators’ views. The study explored the causal relationships among the criteria that emerged in the study and of each sub‐criteria. Since developing a business strategy is a multiple‐criteria decision‐making (MCDM) problem, this study adopted the causal‐effect model of decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) technique. The DEMATEL technique simplifies and visualizes the interrelationships among decision‐making criteria. The study identified four core criteria – benefits, opportunity, costs, and risks, as key influencers in the national museum business performance. Each key criteria was supported by a set of sub‐criteria which, when considered together, produced an influential network relations map. The results of this study provided Taiwan's national museum curators with an idea‐based understanding of how to create business and marketing strategies that could enhance exhibition features, experience activities, and facilities that could be linked to satisfaction of visitors’ desires and offer a potentials strategy for assessing likelihood of return visits.
Adipophilin expression in lung adenocarcinoma is associated with apocrine‐like features and poor clinical prognosis: an immunohistochemical study of 328 cases
Authors: Fujimoto Masakazu , Yoshizawa Akihiko , Sumiyoshi Shinji , Sonobe Makoto , Menju Toshi , Hirata Masahiro , Momose Masanobu , Date Hiroshi , Haga Hironori 
Published: July 2016

AimsThe lipogenic pathway is up‐regulated in proliferating cells. However, the clinical impact of neoplastic steatogenesis in lung cancer is unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of intracytoplasmic lipids with the clinicopathological features of lung adenocarcinoma (ADC), by immunohistochemical analysis of adipophilin (ADP), a coating protein found on intracytoplasmic lipid droplets.Methods and resultsTissue microarrays consisting of 328 primary lung ADCs surgically resected at Kyoto University Hospital were immunostained for ADP. Subsequently, correlations between ADP expression and clinical, molecular and survival data were performed. Fifty‐one (15.5%) cases were ADP‐positive. The presence of vascular invasion (P = 0.003), predominantly solid histology (P < 0.001), poorly differentiated type (P < 0.001), wild‐type EGFR (P = 0.002), ALK fusion (P < 0.001), strong/diffuse mitochondrial staining (P < 0.001), a lack of surfactant protein B expression (P = 0.014) and a high Ki67 index (P < 0.001) were significantly correlated with ADP‐positive ADC. In contrast, there were no correlations between ADP‐positive ADC and sex, age, smoking history, tumour stage, thyroid transcription factor‐1 expression, or KRAS mutational status. ADP‐positive ADCs had apocrine‐like features (P < 0.001). Patients with ADP‐positive ADC had worse disease‐free and overall survival (P = 0.047 and P = 0.013, respectively) than those with ADP‐negative ADC.ConclusionsADP was expressed in a small proportion of lung ADCs. ADP‐positive lung ADC was significantly associated with apocrine‐like features, wild‐type EGFR, and poor prognosis, suggesting that ADP‐positive lung ADC could be a distinct subtype of lung adenocarcinoma, induced by up‐regulation of the lipogenic pathway.
Ultrashort pulse laser processing of silica at high repetition rates—from network change to residual strain
Authors: Zimmermann Felix , Lancry Matthieu , Plech Anton , Richter Sören , Ullsperger Tobias , Poumellec Bertrand , Tünnermann Andreas , Nolte Stefan 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe report on the analysis of silica‐based glasses after processing with ultrashort laser pulses at high repetition rates. Heat accumulation leads to strong local heating of the glass. The subsequent quenching results in a fictive temperature rise that scales with the repetition rate. Consequently, the relative volume change leads to residual tensile strain within the modified volume of larger than 10−3, which is confirmed by wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) measurements. Studying the surface topography after cleaving of laser‐modified regions allows for quantification of the corresponding elastic strain as well as the glass density behavior on the fictive temperature.
A comparison of health‐related quality of life in 5‐ and 10‐year‐old Swedish children with and without cleft lip and/or palate
Authors: Sundell Anna Lena , Törnhage Carl‐Johan , Marcusson Agneta 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundThe current understanding on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in young Swedish children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) is sparse, and therefore, research on impact of CL/P on HRQoL in children is needed.AimsTo investigate HRQoL in 5‐ and 10‐year‐old Swedish children with CL/P in comparison with non‐cleft controls. Also to analyse whether there were any differences in HRQoL between children with cleft lip (with or without cleft palate, CL ± P) and cleft palate only (CP) and/or gender differences.DesignA total of 137 children with CL/P and 305 non‐cleft controls participated. HRQoL was measured with KIDSCREEN‐52.ResultsAll children in the study exhibited HRQoL within or above the age‐matched reference interval of the method with similar results in both groups; however, in the dimension ‘social support and peers’, the 10‐year‐old children with CL/P perceived lower HRQoL than the non‐cleft controls, but it did not reach statistical significance. Type of cleft or gender did not influence HRQoL.ConclusionsBoth 5‐ and 10‐year‐old Swedish children with CL/P had HRQoL in the normal reference interval. Their general life situations were well adjusted to their clefts, but the older children with CL/P felt more excluded and less supported by peers.
Conservation priorities for the different lines of Dutch Red and White Friesian cattle change when relationships with other breeds are taken into account
Authors: Hulsegge B. , Calus M.P.L. , Oldenbroek J.K. , Windig J.J. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryFrom a genetic point of view, the selection of breeds and animals within breeds for conservation in a national gene pool can be based on a maximum diversity strategy. This implies that priority is given to conservation of breeds and animals that diverge most and overlap of conserved diversity is minimized. This study investigated the genetic diversity in the Dutch Red and White Friesian (DFR) cattle breed and its contribution to the total genetic diversity in the pool of the Dutch dairy breeds. All Dutch cattle breeds are clearly distinct, except for Dutch Friesian breed (DF) andDFRand have their own specific genetic identity.DFRhas a small but unique contribution to the total genetic diversity of Dutch cattle breeds and is closely related to the Dutch Friesian breed. Seven different lines are distinguished within theDFRbreed and all contribute to the diversity of theDFRbreed. Two lines show the largest contributions to the genetic diversity inDFR. One of these lines comprises unique diversity both within the breed and across all cattle breeds. The other line comprises unique diversity for theDFRbut overlaps with the Holstein Friesian breed. There seems to be no necessity to conserve the other five lines separately, because their level of differentiation is very low. This study illustrates that, when taking conservation decisions for a breed, it is worthwhile to take into account the population structure of the breed itself and the relationships with other breeds.