bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ab initio study on noble gas inserted halogenated acetylene: HNgCCX (Ng = Kr and Xe; X = halogen)
Authors: Huang Zhengguo , Li Yuying , Wang Xiaohong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough HNgCCX (Ng = Kr and Xe; X = F and Cl) have been identified in cryogenic matrices, similar Br and I analogues have not been prepared so far. In this paper, the nature of HNgCCX (Ng = Kr and Xe; X = F, Cl, Br and I) have been investigated by ab initio methods. The main characteristic absorption peak of HNgCCX is thevH-Ng, which decreases as X varies from F to I. Moreover, the H-Xe bond is stronger than the H-Kr bond. ThevC≡CandvC-Xexhibit red- and blue-shift characters, respectively, especially the C-X bond is abnormal blue-shift halogen bond. AIM results show that the H-Ng bond is essentially covalent bond and the covalent character of H-Xe bond is underestimated, and the trend of the covalent character is C-Cl > C-Br > C-F > C-I. Although HNgCCX is instable thermodynamically with respect to Ng + HCCX, it is kinetically stable with respect to the two-/three-body channels due to the relatively larger energy barriers. The three-body channels of HNgCCX is the main decomposition channel, and the kinetically stability of HXeCCX is more than its Kr analogues. This study is helpful for the preparation of new HNgCCX in cryogenic matrices.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the host selection fitness mechanisms of the Rhizoctonia solani AG1IA pathogen
Authors: Xia Yuan , Fei Binghong , He Jiayu , Zhou Menglin , Zhang Danhua , Pan Linxiu , Li Shuangcheng , Liang Yueyang , Wang Lingxia , Zhu Jianqing , Li Ping , Zheng Aiping 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRhizoctonia solaniAG1IA is a major generalist pathogen that causes sheath blight. Its genome, which was the first to be sequenced from theRhizoctoniagenus, may serve as a model for studying pathogenic mechanisms. To explore the pathogen-host fitness mechanism of sheath-blight fungus, a comprehensive comparative transcriptome ecotype analysis ofR. solaniAG1IA isolated from rice, soybean and corn during infection was performed. Special characteristics in gene expression, gene ontology terms and expression of pathogenesis-associated genes, including genes encoding secreted proteins, candidate effectors, hydrolases, and proteins involved in secondary metabolite production and the MAPK pathway, were revealed. Furthermore, as an important means of pathogenic modulation, diverse alternative splicing of key pathogenic genes inRhizoctonia solaniAG1IA during infections of the abovementioned hosts was uncovered for the first time. These important findings of key factors in the pathogenicity ofR. solaniAG1IA ecotypes during infection of various hosts explain host preference and provide novel insights into the pathogenic mechanisms and host-pathogen selection. Furthermore, they provide information on the fitness ofRhizoctonia, a severe pathogen with a wide host range.
Modelling viscoacoustic wave propagation with the lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Xia Muming , Wang Shucheng , Zhou Hui , Shan Xiaowen , Chen Hanming , Li Qingqing , Zhang Qingchen 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is employed to simulate wave propagation in viscous media. LBM is a kind of microscopic method for modelling waves through tracking the evolution states of a large number of discrete particles. By choosing different relaxation times in LBM experiments and using spectrum ratio method, we can reveal the relationship between the quality factor Q and the parameter τ in LBM. A two-dimensional (2D) homogeneous model and a two-layered model are tested in the numerical experiments, and the LBM results are compared against the reference solution of the viscoacoustic equations based on the Kelvin-Voigt model calculated by finite difference method (FDM). The wavefields and amplitude spectra obtained by LBM coincide with those by FDM, which demonstrates the capability of the LBM with one relaxation time. The new scheme is relatively simple and efficient to implement compared with the traditional lattice methods. In addition, through a mass of experiments, we find that the relaxation time of LBM has a quantitative relationship with Q. Such a novel scheme offers an alternative forward modelling kernel for seismic inversion and a new model to describe the underground media.
Full-field 3D shape measurement of discontinuous specular objects by direct phase measuring deflectometry
Authors: Liu Yue , Huang Shujun , Zhang Zonghua , Gao Nan , Gao Feng , Jiang Xiangqian 
Published: August 2017

AbstarctWith the advent of intelligent manufacturing, phase measuring deflectometry (PMD) has been widely studied for the measurement of the three-dimensional (3D) shape of specular objects. However, existing PMDs cannot measure objects having discontinuous specular surfaces. This paper presents a new direct PMD (DPMD) method that measures the full-field 3D shape of complicated specular objects. A mathematical model is derived to directly relate an absolute phase map to depth data, instead of the gradient. Two relevant parameters are calibrated using a machine vision-based method. On the basis of the derived model, a full-field 3D measuring system was developed. The accuracy of the system was evaluated using a mirror with known positions along an accurate translating stage. The 3D shape of a monolithic multi-mirror array having multiple specular surfaces was measured. Experimental results show that the proposed DPMD method can obtain the full-field 3D shape of specular objects having isolated and/or discontinuous surfaces accurately and effectively.
How to Choose Between Measures of Tinnitus Loudness for Clinical Research? A Report on the Reliability and Validity of an Investigator-Administered Test and a Patient-Reported Measure Using Baseline Data Collected in a Phase IIa Drug Trial
Authors: Hall Deborah A. , Mehta Rajnikant L. , Fackrell Kathryn 
Published: August 2017

PurposeLoudness is a major auditory dimension of tinnitus and is used to diagnose severity, counsel patients, or as a measure of clinical efficacy in audiological research. There is no standard test for tinnitus loudness, but matching and rating methods are popular. This article provides important new knowledge about the reliability and validity of an audiologist-administered tinnitus loudness matching test and a patient-reported tinnitus loudness rating.MethodRetrospective analysis of loudness data for 91 participants with stable subjective tinnitus enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of a novel drug for tinnitus. There were two baseline assessments (screening, Day 1) and a posttreatment assessment (Day 28).ResultsAbout 66%–70% of the variability from screening to Day 1 was attributable to the true score. But measurement error, indicated by the smallest detectable change, was high for both tinnitus loudness matching (20 dB) and tinnitus loudness rating (3.5 units). Only loudness rating captured a sensation that was meaningful to people who lived with the experience of tinnitus.ConclusionsThe tinnitus loudness rating performed better against acceptability criteria for reliability and validity than did the tinnitus loudness matching test administered by an audiologist. But the rating question is still limited because it is a single-item instrument and is probably able to detect only large changes (at least 3.5 points).
Influence of Linguistic and Nonlinguistic Variables on Generalization and Maintenance Following Phonomotor Treatment for Aphasia
Authors: Pompon Rebecca Hunting , Bislick Lauren , Elliott Kristen , Madden Elizabeth Brookshire , Minkina Irene , Oelke Megan , Kendall Diane 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
Although phonomotor treatment shows promise as an effective intervention for anomia in people with aphasia, responses to this treatment are not consistent across individuals. To better understand this variability, we examined the influence of 5 participant characteristics—age, time postonset, aphasia severity, naming impairment, and error profile—on generalization and maintenance of confrontation naming and discourse abilities following phonomotor treatment.

Method
Using retrospective data from 26 participants with aphasia who completed a 6-week phonomotor treatment program, we examined the relationships between participant characteristics of interest and change scores on confrontation naming and discourse tasks, measured pretreatment, immediately following treatment, and 3 months following treatment.

Results
Although the participant characteristics of aphasia severity and error profile appeared to predict generalization to improved confrontation naming of untrained items and discourse performance, a post hoc analysis revealed that no one characteristic predicted generalization across participants at 3 months posttreatment.

Conclusions
Response to phonomotor treatment does not appear to be influenced by aphasia and anomia severity level, error profile, participant age, or time postonset. Other factors, however, may influence response to intensive aphasia treatment and are worthy of continued exploration.
“Whatdunit?” Sentence Comprehension Abilities of Children With SLI: Sensitivity to Word Order in Canonical and Noncanonical Structures
Authors: Montgomery James W. , Gillam Ronald B. , Evans Julia L. , Sergeev Alexander V. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
With Aim 1, we compared the comprehension of and sensitivity to canonical and noncanonical word order structures in school-age children with specific language impairment (SLI) and same-age typically developing (TD) children. Aim 2 centered on the developmental improvement of sentence comprehension in the groups. With Aim 3, we compared the comprehension error patterns of the groups.

Method
Using a “Whatdunit” agent selection task, 117 children with SLI and 117 TD children (ages 7:0–11:11, years:months) propensity matched on age, gender, mother's education, and family income pointed to the picture that best represented the agent in semantically implausible canonical structures (subject–verb–object, subject relative) and noncanonical structures (passive, object relative).

Results
The SLI group performed worse than the TD group across sentence types. TD children demonstrated developmental improvement across each sentence type, but children with SLI showed improvement only for canonical sentences. Both groups chose the object noun as agent significantly more often than the noun appearing in a prepositional phrase.

Conclusions
In the absence of semantic–pragmatic cues, comprehension of canonical and noncanonical sentences by children with SLI is limited, with noncanonical sentence comprehension being disproportionately limited. The children's ability to make proper semantic role assignments to the noun arguments in sentences, especially noncanonical, is significantly hindered.
Modeling the Pathophysiology of Phonotraumatic Vocal Hyperfunction With a Triangular Glottal Model of the Vocal Folds
Authors: Galindo Gabriel E. , Peterson Sean D. , Erath Byron D. , Castro Christian , Hillman Robert E. , Zañartu Matías 
Published: August 2017

PurposeOur goal was to test prevailing assumptions about the underlying biomechanical and aeroacoustic mechanisms associated with phonotraumatic lesions of the vocal folds using a numerical lumped-element model of voice production.MethodA numerical model with a triangular glottis, posterior glottal opening, and arytenoid posturing is proposed. Normal voice is altered by introducing various prephonatory configurations. Potential compensatory mechanisms (increased subglottal pressure, muscle activation, and supraglottal constriction) are adjusted to restore an acoustic target output through a control loop that mimics a simplified version of auditory feedback.ResultsThe degree of incomplete glottal closure in both the membranous and posterior portions of the folds consistently leads to a reduction in sound pressure level, fundamental frequency, harmonic richness, and harmonics-to-noise ratio. The compensatory mechanisms lead to significantly increased vocal-fold collision forces, maximum flow-declination rate, and amplitude of unsteady flow, without significantly altering the acoustic output.ConclusionModeling provided potentially important insights into the pathophysiology of phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction by demonstrating that compensatory mechanisms can counteract deterioration in the voice acoustic signal due to incomplete glottal closure, but this also leads to high vocal-fold collision forces (reflected in aerodynamic measures), which significantly increases the risk of developing phonotrauma.
Short-Term Effect of Two Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Training Programs on the Vocal Quality of Future Occupational Voice Users: “Resonant Voice Training Using Nasal Consonants” Versus “Straw Phonation”
Authors: Meerschman Iris , Van Lierde Kristiane , Peeters Karen , Meersman Eline , Claeys Sofie , D'haeseleer Evelien 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effect of 2 semi-occluded vocal tract training programs, “resonant voice training using nasal consonants” versus “straw phonation,” on the vocal quality of vocally healthy future occupational voice users.

Method

A multigroup pretest–posttest randomized control group design was used. Thirty healthy speech-language pathology students with a mean age of 19 years (range: 17–22 years) were randomly assigned into a resonant voice training group (practicing resonant exercises across 6 weeks,
n
= 10), a straw phonation group (practicing straw phonation across 6 weeks,
n
= 10), or a control group (receiving no voice training,
n
= 10). A voice assessment protocol consisting of both subjective (questionnaire, participant's self-report, auditory–perceptual evaluation) and objective (maximum performance task, aerodynamic assessment, voice range profile, acoustic analysis, acoustic voice quality index, dysphonia severity index) measurements and determinations was used to evaluate the participants' voice pre- and posttraining. Groups were compared over time using linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models. Within-group effects of time were determined using post hoc pairwise comparisons.

Results
No significant time × group interactions were found for any of the outcome measures, indicating no differences in evolution over time among the 3 groups. Within-group effects of time showed a significant improvement in dysphonia severity index in the resonant voice training group, and a significant improvement in the intensity range in the straw phonation group.

Conclusions
Results suggest that the semi-occluded vocal tract training programs using resonant voice training and straw phonation may have a positive impact on the vocal quality and vocal capacities of future occupational voice users. The resonant voice training caused an improved dysphonia severity index, and the straw phonation training caused an expansion of the intensity range in this population.
New method for indoor positioning by using wireless communication base stations
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyang , Su Hong , Wei Zhengyuan , Hu Shunren 
Published: August 2017

A novel approach for indoor localisation is presented and it is composed of two mathematical models. One is a stochastic differential equation proposed to modify time of arrival of a mobile terminal (MT) to a base station (BS). Another is a multivariate optimisation model implemented to estimate the location of the MT by a random search algorithm. Through simulations using only the time of arrivals and measured coordinates of the BSs, the performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by the measured coordinates of the 25 MTs. Simulation results demonstrate that the mean localisation error is only 0.5138 m and this method is very effective and applicable.
On the minimizing movement with the 1-Wasserstein distance
Authors: Agueh Martial , Carlier Guillaume , Igbida Noureddine 
Published: August 2017

We consider a class of doubly nonlinear constrained evolution equations which may be viewed as a nonlinear extension of the growing sandpile model of [L. Prigozhin, Eur. J. Appl. Math. 7 (1996) 225–235.]. We prove existence of weak solutions for quite irregular sources by a semi-implicit scheme in the spirit of the seminal works of [R. Jordan et al., SIAM J. Math. Anal. 29 (1998) 1–17, D. Kinderlehrer and N.J. Walkington, Math. Model. Numer. Anal. 33 (1999) 837–852.] but with the 1-Wasserstein distance instead of the quadratic one. We also prove an L1-contraction result when the source is L1 and deduce uniqueness and stability in this case.
An Update on Direct C–H Bond Functionalization of Nitrogen-Containing Fused Heterocycles
Authors: Aziz Jessy , Piguel Sandrine 
Published: August 2017

This report highlights the recent advances in direct C–H bond functionalization of 5,5- and 6,5-fused heterocycles containing at least two nitrogen atoms. Besides C–C bond formation, C–N, C–S, C–P, and C–Si bonds can also be created via a metal-catalyzed process. Some examples, where a C–H functionalization approach was applied for the synthesis of drug candidates, will be presented as well.1	Introduction2	C–H Functionalization Reactions of N-Containing Heterocycles2.1	Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines2.2	Pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines2.3	Imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazoles2.4	Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidines2.5	Imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazines and Imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazines2.6	Imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazines2.7	Imidazo[4,5-b]pyridines and Imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines2.8	Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines2.9	Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines2.10	Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and Pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines2.11	Imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazines2.12	Imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4,5]tetrazines3	Outlook4	Conclusion
Scrub Typhus with Varied Clinical Presentations
Authors: Banerjee Susrita , Roychowdhuri Satyabrata , Sarkar Mihir 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe present four cases of pediatric scrub typhus from a tertiary care center of eastern India, emphasizing on varied unusual clinical manifestations posing diagnostic difficulties. A low index of suspicion is required to prevent under diagnosis. We report a case series of four patients with scrub typhus having uncommon clinical manifestations (two patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, one patient with myocarditis, and one patient presenting with shock reminiscent of dengue shock syndrome). The response to doxycycline was good, with fever subsiding within 48 to 72 hours of starting the treatment. Three out of four cases completely recovered once appropriate medication was given.
Neurotization of the Superficial Sensory Branch of Ulnar Nerve by the Distal Posterior Interosseous Nerve: Cadaveric Feasibility Study
Authors: Decaestecker Laurent , Delclaux Stépahnie , Apredoaei Costel , Tibbo Meagan , Courtade-Saïdi Monique , Mansat Pierre , Laumonerie Pierre 
Published: August 2017

Background In 2014, Delclaux et al described a case wherein the Battiston and Lanzetta's technique, modified by utilization of the posterior interosseus nerve (PIN), was used to perform double neurotization of the ulnar nerve (UN). This study evaluates the feasibility of transfer of proprioceptive fascicles of the PIN to the superficial sensory branch of the UN (SSBUN).
Methods The surgeries were performed on 16 fresh cadaveric wrist specimens. PIN transfer was performed through the interosseous membrane and sutured to the SSBUN. The diameter for each nerve, number of fascicles, and the percentage of fascicles without axons, under ×10, ×40, and ×100 magnifications were performed by two observers.
Results Neurotization of the SSBUN by the PIN was successful in all cases. The median diameter of the SSBUN and PIN was 3.5 (3–4) and 2.3 mm (1.6–3), respectively. The SSBUN contained 5.5 fascicles (4–7), while the PIN contained 2 fascicles (0–4). The 16 PIN had limited (10 cases) or no axonal reserve (6 cases).
Conclusion This study supports the surgical and anatomical feasibility of neurotization of the SSBUN by the PIN. However, the PIN's limited axonal reserve may partially or totally compromise recovery.
The Propeller Concept Applied to Free Flaps and the Proposal of a “Clock Flap” Nomenclature
Authors: Rossello Carlo , Salomone Carlo , Carrega Giuliana , Felli Lamberto , Burastero Giorgio , Antonini Andrea 
Published: August 2017

Background It is a common experience for reconstructive surgeons to feel the necessity for large flaps and minimal donor-site morbidity at the same time. In the reported cases where we felt this call intraoperatively, we have met our need by applying the “propeller concept” to fasciocutaneous or composite flaps, separating and rotating its different tissue components.
Methods We present a series of five cases in which we separated and rotated diversely fascial and cutaneous components of free perforator flaps to enhance the extension of the flap or to tailor it better on the tissue gap for optimal functional and aesthetic results. We also propose a simple nomenclature system for rotation angles' definition, summarized as the “clock flap” classification, where the different components of the flap represent the arms of a clock which has the main vessel axis on the 12–6 line.
Results All reconstructive procedures succeeded with only minor complications. No partial failure due to vessel rotations was noticed.
Conclusion Applying “propeller style” rotations to different components of free flaps seems to be a safe procedure which may help maximize flap performance in terms of coverage of the recipient site, while minimizing scars and impairment of the donor site. Also, the proposed nomenclature gives the opportunity to record and compare surgical procedures for statistical analysis.
Entwicklungsaufgaben, psychische Gesundheit und Risiken von jungen Erwachsenen mit Typ-1-Diabetes
Authors: Rölver Klaus-Martin , Lange Karin 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungJunge Erwachsene mit Typ-1-Diabetes sind mit vielen alters- und gesundheitsspezifischen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Für viele gut geschulte und durch Fachteams in Schwerpunktpraxen begleitete Patienten bedeutet das Diabetesmanagement heute jedoch keine außergewöhnlich große Belastung mehr. Einige junge Erwachsene sind allerdings überfordert, wenn sie alterstypische Entwicklungsaufgaben mit der eigenverantwortlichen Therapie ihres Diabetes vereinbaren sollen. Oft betrifft dies gerade diejenigen, die bereits in ihrer Kindheit und im Jugendalter eine unzureichende Stoffwechseleinstellung und gehäuft akute Komplikationen erlebt haben. Die Komorbidität einer psychischen Belastung oder psychiatrischen Störung beeinträchtigt das erfolgreiche Diabetesmanagement in diesem Lebensabschnitt erheblich. Zudem können altersspezifische Krisen und belastende Lebensereignisse einer sachgerechten Diabetestherapie entgegenstehen. Solchen typischen Risiken gilt es erfolgreich zu begegnen.