bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential role of the advanced nurse practitioner within a care path for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Ryckeghem Hannah , Delesie Liesbeth , Tobback Els , Lievens Stefaan , Vogelaers Dirk , Mariman An 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimsTo explore the experiences and expectations of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and general practitioners to develop the potential role of an advanced nurse practitioner at the diagnostic care path of abnormal fatigue developed for regional transmural implementation in the Belgian provinces of East and West Flanders.BackgroundPatients with chronic fatigue syndrome experience an incapacitating chronic fatigue that is present for at least 6 months. Since many uncertainties exist about the causes and progression of the disease, patients have to cope with disbelief and scepticism. Access to health care may be hampered, which could lead to inappropriate treatments and guidance.DesignQualitative design.MethodsIndividual semi‐structured interviews were conducted with patients with chronic fatigue syndrome and general practitioners in Belgium. Data were collected over 9 months in 2014‐2015. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed for qualitative analysis using open explorative thematic coding.ResultsFifteen patients and 15 general practitioners were interviewed. Three themes were identified: mixed feelings with the diagnosis, lack of one central intermediator and insufficient coordination. Participants stressed the need for education, knowledge and an intermediator to provide relevant information at the right time and to build up a trust relationship.ConclusionThis qualitative exploration underscores some clear deficiencies in the guidance of patients suffering from chronic fatigue syndrome and abnormal fatigue. An advanced nurse practitioner as a central intermediator in the transmural care of these patients could promote interdisciplinary/multidisciplinary collaboration and effective communication, provide education and ensure a structured and coordinated approach.
Evaluation of a Social Network Intervention for People with Mild to Borderline Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: van Asselt‐Goverts A. E. , Embregts P. J. C. M. , Hendriks A. H. C. 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundLittle is known about the effectiveness of interventions aimed at enhancing the social networks of people with intellectual disabilities. This study explores the results of such an intervention. How did the clients with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities and their support workers evaluate the intervention? What did they learn from it? Were there any changes in network characteristics, satisfaction and wishes in relation to networks, participation, loneliness, self‐determination or self‐esteem?MethodThe evaluation of the intervention was explored from several perspectives (i.e. five clients, their six support workers and three trainers), using mixed methods (i.e. interviews and questionnaires).ResultsThe intervention was positively evaluated by both clients and support workers. Moreover, the analysis revealed the vulnerability of clients and their networks but also the benefits experienced from the intervention, such as decreased loneliness, enhanced social networks, increased awareness, competence, autonomy and increased participation.ConclusionThe indicative level of evidence for the effectiveness of this intervention justifies a larger series of case studies or a larger control trial study.
Job Satisfaction, Quality of Work Life and Work Motivation in Employees with Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kocman Andreas , Weber Germain 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundCurrent research on employment options for people with Intellectual Disability emphasizes the importance of employee needs and satisfaction. The study aims at systematically reviewing the literature on job satisfaction and related constructs.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted. Studies were included if (i) they are specific to effects of work, (ii) assessed variables are related to job satisfaction, QoWL, attitudes towards work or work motivation and if (iii) studies reported intellectual disability‐specific results. Twenty‐three studies met the inclusion criteria. Findings were classified according to the socio‐cognitive model of job satisfaction.ResultsCurrent literature suggests high job satisfaction in people with intellectual disability. Predictors of job satisfaction are similar to people without disabilities, albeit the importance of factors differs.ConclusionsStronger consideration of well‐established theories and measures from organizational psychology would enhance future research. Findings indicate that high satisfaction ratings might result from lack of control over vocational decisions.
Direct, extended, and mass‐mediated contact with immigrants in Italy: their associations with emotions, prejudice, and humanity perceptions
Authors: Visintin Emilio Paolo , Voci Alberto , Pagotto Lisa , Hewstone Miles 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTwo correlational studies investigated the associations between different forms of intergroup contact, on the one hand, and Italians' prejudice and humanity attributions toward immigrants in Italy, on the other. Study 1 examined the effects of direct contact, extended contact, and parasocial contact through mass‐media, assessing separately contact through TV news and newspapers and contact through entertainment programs. Study 2 analyzed the distinct effects of positive and negative episodes of the contact forms considered in Study 1. Across the studies, we tested the mediational role of intergroup anxiety, empathy, and trust. Overall, results showed the importance of taking into account different forms of contact and considering the emotional processes during contact experiences to understand intergroup attitudes.
Modification of Obstetric Emergency Simulation Scenarios for Realism in a Home‐Birth Setting
Authors: Komorowski Janelle , Andrighetti Tia , Benton Melissa 
Published: December 2016

IntroductionClinical competency and clear communication are essential for intrapartum care providers who encounter high‐stakes, low‐frequency emergencies. The challenge for these providers is to maintain infrequently used skills. The challenge is even more significant for midwives who manage births at home and who, due to low practice volume and low‐risk clientele, may rarely encounter an emergency. In addition, access to team simulation may be limited for home‐birth midwives. This project modified existing validated obstetric simulation scenarios for a home‐birth setting.MethodsTwelve certified professional midwives (CPMs) in active home‐birth practice participated in shoulder dystocia and postpartum hemorrhage simulations. The simulations were staged to resemble home‐birth settings, supplies, and personnel. Fidelity (realism) of the simulations was assessed with the Simulation Design Scale, and satisfaction and self‐confidence were assessed with the Student Satisfaction and Self‐Confidence in Learning Scale. Both utilized a 5‐point Likert scale, with higher scores suggesting greater levels of fidelity, participant satisfaction, and self‐confidence.ResultsSimulation Design Scale scores indicated participants agreed fidelity was achieved for the home‐birth setting, while scores on the Student Satisfaction and Self‐Confidence in Learning indicated high levels of participant satisfaction and self‐confidence.DiscussionIf offered without modification, simulation scenarios designed for use in hospitals may lose fidelity for home‐birth midwives, particularly in the environmental and psychological components. Simulation is standard of care in most settings, an excellent vehicle for maintaining skills, and some evidence suggests it results in improved perinatal outcomes. Additional study is needed in this area to support home‐birth providers in maintaining skills. This pilot study suggests that simulation scenarios intended for hospital use can be successfully adapted to the home‐birth setting.
High‐resolution lipidomics coupled with rapid fixation reveals novel ischemia‐induced signaling in the rat neurolipidome
Authors: Trépanier Marc‐Olivier , Eiden Michael , Morin‐Rivron Delphine , Bazinet Richard P. , Masoodi Mojgan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe field of lipidomics has evolved vastly since its creation 15 years ago. Advancements in mass spectrometry have allowed for the identification of hundreds of intact lipids and lipid mediators. However, because of the release of fatty acids from the phospholipid membrane in the brain caused by ischemia, identifying the neurolipidome has been challenging. Microwave fixation has been shown to reduce the ischemia‐induced release of several lipid mediators. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a method combining high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), high‐energy head‐focused microwave fixation and statistical modeling, allowing for the measurement of intact lipids and lipid mediators in order to eliminate the ischemia‐induced release of fatty acids and identify the rat neurolipidome. In this study, we demonstrated the ischemia‐induced production of bioactive lipid mediators, and the reduction in variability using microwave fixation in combination with liquid chromatography (LC)–MS/MS. We have also illustrated for the first time that microwave fixation eliminates the alterations in intact lipid species following ischemia. While many phospholipid species were unchanged by ischemia, other intact lipid classes, such as diacylglycerol, were lower in concentration following microwave fixation compared to ischemia.
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Military to civilian nurse: Personal and professional reconstruction
Authors: Elliott Brenda , Chargualaf Katie A , Patterson Barbara 
Published: December 2016

Aims and objectivesTo examine and describe the transition process of military nurses from military nursing practice to civilian nursing practice. A second aim was to identify challenges and facilitators to this transition.BackgroundServing in the military, and embodying its values, can have a major impact on a person's worldview. These individuals serve not only as nurses but also as part of a larger military culture with a mission to protect. The decision to separate from the military and transition into the civilian workforce carries many challenges capable of influencing nurses’ personal and professional identities.DesignQualitative descriptive.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews of 10 nurse veterans were conducted in 2015–2016. Data were collected until saturation was reached.ResultsThe transition includes four major phases from military to civilian nurse: Separating from Military Life, Conflict and Chaos, Shifting Sands and Personal and Professional Reconstruction. Duration and progress through each phase varied slightly for individual nurses.ConclusionsBoth work–role and personal identity transition occur when a nurse leaves the military and enters civilian practice. Military and civilian organisations, in both the USA and other countries, can implement supports to aid these nurses during this personal and professional change. Recommendations from the study group are provided.Relevance to clinical practiceThe global nursing profession, as well as healthcare organisations that employ nurse veterans, has a commitment and obligation to understand the transition process of nurses who practise within the scope of military nursing and later in civilian nursing environments so that they may be supported and used to the extent of their prior experience. Lessons learned and advice from this group of nurses may positively aid others in their transition experience.
Compartmentalising time and space: a phenomenological interpretation of the temporal experience of commencing haemodialysis
Authors: Gullick Janice , Monaro Susan , Stewart Glenn 
Published: December 2016

Aims and objectivesTo interpret the spatio‐temporal experience of people with end‐stage kidney disease and their families in the first months of haemodialysis.BackgroundWhile dialysis is the mainstay of end‐stage kidney disease management, the actual initiation of treatment is often unexpected by people and families. Poor biopsychosocial preparation means haemodialysis commencement is experienced as a crisis. While previous phenomenological studies suggest that over time, a habitual incorporation of dialysis into one's self‐concept is possible, the spatio‐temporal experience of people new to haemodialysis is not well understood.DesignA phenomenological study.MethodsFollowing purposive sampling, 18 participants were recruited either during an inpatient admission or while attending a public hospital‐based haemodialysis unit in Sydney, Australia. Eleven people who had commenced haemodialysis within the previous three months and five close family members were separately engaged in semistructured interviews. Hermeneutic interpretation within a Heideggerian framework occurred through a backward‐and‐forward analysis between the early haemodialysis experience and its relationship to Being.ResultsThemes that related to a temporal and spatial understanding of Being‐in‐the‐world as a new haemodialysis patient or carer included the following: ‘compartmentalising life into dialysis and non‐dialysis days’ (lost time, clock time and lived time); ‘compartmentalising before, now and future’ (normalising the ‘before’, dealing with the ‘now’ and the ‘foreverness’ of dialysis); and finally, ‘compartmentalising space’.ConclusionsIn the months after dialysis commencement, patients and family carers compartmentalise time and space with a loss of continuity of meaningful, lived time that had framed people's past sense of normal.Relevance to clinical practiceResource enhancement activities should focus on social connectivity and provision of personnel and/or infrastructure to reduce boredom, to facilitate engagement with meaningful tasks and, where appropriate, to support the continuation of work activities during the dialysis period.
‘Kids need to talk too’: inclusive practices for children's healthcare education and participation
Authors: Koller Donna 
Published: December 2016

Aims and objectivesTo examine how children with chronic medical conditions view healthcare education and decision‐making and to propose the application of the universal design for learning in paediatric settings.BackgroundChildren and adolescents with chronic medical conditions tend to be excluded from healthcare decision‐making. In schools, the universal design for learning promotes access to education and participation in school communities for all children, regardless of their disabilities or medical needs, rendering it an appropriate model for children's participation in healthcare decision‐making.DesignThis article presents findings from a qualitative study with 26 children and adolescents with chronic medical conditions about their views and experiences with healthcare education and decision‐making.MethodsTwenty‐six children and adolescents with chronic medical conditions were interviewed using semi‐structured interviews.ResultsFindings provide evidence that clinical practices often fail to provide equal opportunities for paediatric patients to understand their condition, share their views and/or participate in decisions regarding their care.ConclusionsIn response to ongoing concerns about paediatric decision‐making, we propose that the universal design for learning be adapted in paediatrics. The model presents exemplary programmes as inclusive, accounting for the needs of all children through multiple means of engagement and expression.Relevance to clinical practiceA discussion of how the principles of universal design for learning could be applied in paediatric settings is offered for the purpose of advancing ethical and psychosocial care for all children regardless of their age, developmental capacity or condition.
Exploring experiences of the quality of nursing care among patients, nurses, caregivers and physicians in a haemodialysis department
Authors: Nobahar Monir 
Published: December 2016

SUMMARYBackground and ObjectivesProviding high‐quality care to patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) is a priority for nurses. The present study was conducted to explore the experiences of the quality of nursing care among patients, nurses, caregivers and physicians in an HD department in Iran.MethodsThis was a qualitative study, set in the HD department of Kowsar Hospital in Semnan, Iran. A total of 20 participants (patients, caregivers, nurses and doctors) were selected and were invited to semi‐structured interviews with open‐ended questions. The data obtained were analysed using conventional content analysis.FindingsThe analysis of the data led to the extraction of four themes: maintaining health, person/client, nursing responsibility and environment.ConclusionThe findings of the present study showed that maintaining health, person/client interaction, nursing responsibility and environment are four important nursing metaparadigms that affect the quality of nursing care in HD departments.
The Lactoperoxidase System: a Natural Biochemical Biocontrol Agent for Pre‐ and Postharvest Applications
Authors: Bafort Françoise , Parisi Olivier , Perraudin Jean‐Paul , Jijakli Mohammed Haïssam 
Published: December 2016

AbstractControlling pests in pre‐ and postharvest crops using natural and low‐impact products is a major challenge. The lactoperoxidase system is an enzymatic system that exists in all external secretions in mammals and is part of the non‐immune system. We tested its efficacy in in vitro microplates on Phytophthora infestans, Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium italicum, Penicillium expansum and Botrytis cinerea to determine the most suitable concentrations for use. Then, we verified its efficacy in planta under controlled conditions. Solutions prepared with 5.4 mm iodide and 1.2 mm thiocyanate and diluted threefold inhibited pathogen growth in vitro by 63–100%. Twofold‐diluted solutions protected potato plants against P. infestans by 60–74% under controlled conditions. Undiluted solution inhibited orange's and apple's postharvest pathogens in curative application with efficacy levels ranging between 84 and 95% in orange and between 63 and 74% in apple. 1.5‐fold concentrated solutions inhibited postharvest pathogens of apple in curative application with efficacy levels ranging between 84 and 92%. Our results also show that the oxidative stress response of fruit following wounding could interfere with ion efficiency. Our tests demonstrate for the first time that this biochemical method is as efficient as a conventional synthetic chemical method under controlled conditions.
Survival of Rhizoctonia solani AG‐1 IA, the Causal Agent of Rice Sheath Blight, under Different Environmental Conditions
Authors: Feng Shujie , Shu Canwei , Wang Chenjiaozi , Jiang Shaofeng , Zhou Erxun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe ability of Rhizoctonia solani AG‐1 IA, the causal agent of rice sheath blight, to survive in diseased rice straw and as sclerotia and mycelia was investigated. After storage for 10 months at 4°C, 25°C and non‐air‐conditioned natural room temperature (NRT, temperature range from 6°C to 35°C), sclerotia placed inside a desiccator, soaked in sterile water or immersed in wet paddy soil were viable. In contrast, only 15% of sclerotia in dry paddy soil survived. Survival of mycelia was severely affected by temperature and humidity. After 10 months in a desiccator at 4°C, 55% of mycelia samples could survive, whereas at 25°C and NRT, mycelial samples survived for only 7 and 5 months, respectively. However, mycelia stored in sterile water at constant temperatures (4°C or 25°C) survived for 10 months. A certain amount of UV radiation had no obvious effect on the survival of sclerotia or mycelia. The survival rate of the fungus in diseased rice straw stored for 16 months could reach 100% at 4°C, 50% at 25°C and 35% at NRT. The survival rates of the pathogen in diseased rice straw buried in dry, wet and flooded paddy soils after 10‐month storage at NRT were 75, 100 and 100%, respectively, indicating that soil humidity is a crucial factor for the survival of this fungus.
Potato Root Exudation and Release of Spongospora subterranea Resting Spore Germination Stimulants are Affected by Plant and Environmental Conditions
Authors: Balendres Mark A. , Nichols David S. , Tegg Robert S. , Wilson Calum R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractVariation in plant and environmental conditions were studied to determine the effect thereof on the exudation of low‐molecular‐weight organic compounds by potato roots. The results of the phytochemical analyses showed that among the conditions investigated, root vigour, potato cultivar, nutrients in incubation solution and temperature influenced the number and the type of primary metabolites released. Moreover, these conditions influenced our detection of compounds known to stimulate germination of resting spores of the pathogen Spongospora subterranea, causal agent of powdery scab and root diseases of potato. We conclude that changes in plant and environmental conditions can affect the release of specific compounds that stimulate germination of S. subterranea resting spores. The impact of the factors affecting potato root exudation on subsequent disease development is discussed.
Pediatric rumination subtypes: A study using high‐resolution esophageal manometry with impedance
Authors: Rosen R. , Rodriguez L. , Nurko S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe differential diagnosis of intractable reflux in children includes rumination syndrome, but confirming the diagnosis using antroduodenal manometry is invasive, is costly, and requires anesthesia. High‐resolution esophageal manometry with impedance (HRM‐MII) overcomes these limitations, and the goal of this study is to validate the use of HRM‐MII as a diagnostic tool for rumination and to describe the subtypes of pediatric rumination.MethodsWe reviewed the HRM‐MII tracings of 21 children presenting with symptoms of intractable reflux in whom rumination was being considered. Patients underwent a standard and post‐prandial HRM‐MII. Peak intraluminal esophageal pressures, baseline gastric and thoracic pressures, and the timing of the R wave relative to LES relaxations and bolus flow were recorded. Chi‐square analyses were used for comparison of proportions and means were compared using t‐tests or non‐parametric equivalent.Key ResultsForty‐one (55.5%) primary and 33 (44.5%) secondary rumination episodes were seen. Three types of primary rumination were identified: i) LES relaxation without retrograde flow preceding the R wave (51% of episodes); ii) LES relaxation after the R wave (20% of episodes); and iii) R waves with no LES relaxation (29% of episodes). Eleven patients had rumination episodes with a peak gastric pressure <30 mm Hg. A total of 44 (60%) rumination episodes occurred during the standard HRM‐MII, and 30 (40%) occurred during or after the meal.Conclusions & InferencesHRM‐MII can accurately diagnose rumination in children. We identify three types of primary rumination which may provide insight into therapeutic response.