bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor Necrosis Factor–Related Apoptosis‐Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) Promotes Angiogenesis and Ischemia‐Induced Neovascularization Via NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) and Nitric Oxide–Dependent Mechanisms
Authors: Di Bartolo Belinda Ann , Cartland Siân Peta , Prado‐Lourenco Leonel , Griffith Thomas Scott , Gentile Carmine , Ravindran Jayant , Azahri Nor Saadah Muhammad , Thai Thuan , Yeung Amanda Wing Shee , Thomas Shane Ross , Kavurma Mary Meltem 
Published: November 2015

Background

Tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (
TRAIL
) has the ability to inhibit angiogenesis by inducing endothelial cell death, as well as being able to promote pro‐angiogenic activity in vitro. These seemingly opposite effects make its role in ischemic disease unclear. Using
Trail

−/−

and wildtype mice, we sought to determine the role of
TRAIL
in angiogenesis and neovascularization following hindlimb ischemia.

Methods and Results

Reduced vascularization assessed by real‐time 3‐dimensional Vevo ultrasound imaging and
CD
31 staining was evident in
Trail

−/−

mice after ischemia, and associated with reduced capillary formation and increased apoptosis. Notably, adenoviral
TRAIL
administration significantly improved limb perfusion, capillary density, and vascular smooth‐muscle cell content in both
Trail

−/−

and wildtype mice. Fibroblast growth factor‐2, a potent angiogenic factor, increased
TRAIL
expression in human microvascular endothelial cell‐1, with fibroblast growth factor‐2‐mediated proliferation, migration, and tubule formation inhibited with
TRAIL
si
RNA
. Both fibroblast growth factor‐2 and
TRAIL
significantly increased NADPH oxidase 4 (
NOX
4) expression.
TRAIL
‐inducible angiogenic activity in vitro was inhibited with si
RNA
s targeting
NOX
4, and consistent with this,
NOX
4
mRNA
was reduced in 3‐day ischemic hindlimbs of
Trail

−/−

mice. Furthermore,
TRAIL
‐induced proliferation, migration, and tubule formation was blocked by scavenging H
2
O
2
, or by inhibiting nitric oxide synthase activity. Importantly,
TRAIL
‐inducible endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation at Ser‐1177 and intracellular human microvascular endothelial cell‐1 cell nitric oxide levels were
NOX
4 dependent.

Conclusions

This is the first report demonstrating that
TRAIL
can promote angiogenesis following hindlimb ischemia in vivo. The angiogenic effect of
TRAIL
on human microvascular endothelial cell‐1 cells is downstream of fibroblast growth factor‐2, involving
NOX
4 and nitric oxide signaling. These data have significant therapeutic implications, such that
TRAIL
may improve the angiogenic response to ischemia and increase perfusion recovery in patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Janus Parallelism in Job 1:20
Authors: Carasik Michael 
Published: November 2015

In Job 1:20, Job performs four actions:
1) he rends his garment; 2) he shears his head; 3) he falls to the ground; and 4) he prostrates himself.
The third of these can be read either (with the first two) as an act of mourning or (with the last) as an act of worship. I suggest that this is a deliberate literary choice: the poetic technique of Janus parallelism. Since Janus parallelism has already been demonstrated to be both frequent in the book of Job and significant for its meaning, this unexpected Janus parallelism in the prose portion of the book confirms that those chapters are not an early survival but a creation of the author of the book as a whole.
Four new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from the Caatinga and Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil
Authors: Coutinho Karoline , Oliveira Marla Ibrahim Uehbe de , Funch Ligia Silveira 
Published: November 2015

There are described, illustrated and compared to similar taxa Eugenia caatingicola, E. funchiana, E. coccinea and E. potiraguensis. The first three species occur in areas of caatinga (dryland) vegetation (Bahia and Piauí states),while E. potiraguensis is encountered in the Atlantic Forest (Bahia), Brazil. Eugenia caatingicola can be distinguished from Eugenia subreticula by the texture of the periderm of the older branches, leaf apices retuse, and hypanthium sericeous. Eugenia funchiana is similar to E.dentata, but have undulate leaves, smaller petioles and pedicels, and hypanthium not costate. Eugenia coccinea differs from E. duarteana by having membranaceous leaves, calyx lobes with reddish trichomes at apex, and hypanthium glabrous. Eugenia potiraguensis differs from E. plicata by having central veins glabrous, larger petioles, and calyx lobes equal between them. Additionally, each species is evaluated in its conservation status.
Feeling the Pulse of the Stratosphere: An Emerging Opportunity for Predicting Continental-Scale Cold-Air Outbreaks 1 Month in Advance
Authors: Cai Ming , Yu Yueyue , Deng Yi , van den Dool Huug M. , Ren Rongcai , Saha Suru , Wu Xingren , Huang Jin 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Extreme weather events such as cold-air outbreaks (CAOs) pose great threats to human life and the socioeconomic well-being of modern society. In the past, our capability to predict their occurrences has been constrained by the 2-week predictability limit for weather. We demonstrate here for the first time that a rapid increase of air mass transported into the polar stratosphere, referred to as the pulse of the stratosphere (PULSE), can often be predicted with a useful degree of skill 4–6 weeks in advance by operational forecast models. We further show that the probability of the occurrence of continental-scale CAOs in midlatitudes increases substantially above normal conditions within a short time period from 1 week before to 1–2 weeks after the peak day of a PULSE event. In particular, we reveal that the three massive CAOs over North America in January and February of 2014 were preceded by three episodes of extreme mass transport into the polar stratosphere with peak intensities reaching a trillion tons per day, twice that on an average winter day. Therefore, our capability to predict the PULSEs with operational forecast models, in conjunction with its linkage to continental-scale CAOs, opens up a new opportunity for 30-day forecasts of continental-scale CAOs, such as those occurring over North America during the 2013/14 winter. A real-time forecast experiment inaugurated in the winter of 2014/15 has given support to the idea that it is feasible to forecast CAOs 1 month in advance.
Impact of Intraseasonal Oscillations on the Activity of Tropical Cyclones in Summer over the South China Sea. Part I: Local Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Ling Zheng , Wang Yuqing , Wang Guihua 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The South China Sea (SCS) is affected by two intraseasonal components in summer: the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and the quasi-biweekly oscillation (QBWO). In the present study, the impacts of the MJO and QBWO on tropical cyclones (TCs) locally formed in the SCS (local TCs) in summer are investigated. The results show that both the MJO and QBWO can affect the genesis frequency, location, and motion of the local TCs. More TCs form in the convectively active phases of the MJO and QBWO in the northern SCS. With the northward propagation of the MJO and QBWO convective signals, the major TC genesis location also shifts northward. Since the western Pacific subtropical high shifts eastward (westward) when convection associated with the MJO and QBWO in the northern SCS is enhanced (suppressed), the steering flow in the major TC genesis region is favorable for the eastward (westward) movement of TCs. Results from the composite analysis of the steering flow indicate that both the MJO and QBWO play an important role in controlling the motion of the eastward-moving TCs.
An Empirical Model for Estimating Soil Thermal Conductivity from Soil Water Content and Porosity
Authors: Tong Bing , Gao Zhiqiu , Horton Robert , Li Yubin , Wang Linlin 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Soil thermal conductivity λ is a vital parameter for soil temperature and soil heat flux forecasting in hydrological models. In this study, an empirical model is developed to relate λ only to soil volumetric water content θ and soil porosity θs. Measured λ values for eight soils are used to establish the empirical model, and data from four other soils are used to evaluate the model. The new model is also evaluated by its performance in the Simple Biosphere Model 2 (SiB2). Results show that the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs; ranging from 0.097 to 0.266 W m−1 K−1) of the new model estimates of λ are lower than those (ranging from 0.416 to 1.006 W m−1 K−1) for an empirical model of similar complexity reported in the literature earlier. Further, with simple inputs and equations, the new model almost has the accuracy of other more complex models (RMSE of λ ranging from 0.040 to 0.354 W m−1 K−1) that require additional detailed soil information. The new model can be readily incorporated in large-scale models because of its simplicity as compared to the more complex models. The new model is tested for its effectiveness by incorporating it into SiB2. Compared to the original SiB2 λ model, the new λ model provides better estimates of surface effective radiative temperature and soil wetness. Owing to the newly presented empirical model’s requirement for simple, available inputs and its accuracy, its usage is recommended within large-scale models for applications where detailed information about soil composition is lacking.
The Modified Apnea Test During Brain Death Determination
Authors: Ahlawat Aditi , Carandang Raphael , Heard Stephen O. , Muehlschlegel Susanne 
Published: November 2015

Introduction: Conventional apnea testing in patients with severe hypoxemia or hemodynamic instability with removal from the ventilator support is unsafe. We describe an alternative approach to apnea testing, which may be used in patients with hypoxia unable to undergo conventional apnea testing. Methods: Case Report. A 42-year-old man had a severe traumatic brain injury resulting in diffuse cerebral edema and subarachnoid hemorrhage with herniation. His presentation was complicated by hypoxic respiratory failure from pulmonary contusions and hemorrhagic shock. On hospital day 2, the patient lost brain stem reflexes. Brain death testing with conventional apnea testing was attempted but aborted due to hypoxia. Results: A modified apnea test was applied, which had been approved by appropriate hospital committees including critical care operations, ethics, and the brain death protocol council. Minute ventilation was gradually decreased by ≥50% to attain a PaCo2 level ≥20 mm Hg above baseline. The ventilation mode was then switched from volume control to continuous positive airway pressure while observing the patient for signs of respiration for a duration of 60 seconds. Conclusion: The modified apnea test does not require circuit disconnection and can be successfully applied to determine brain death without compromising safety in high-risk patients having severe hypoxia.
A new fireworm (Amphinomidae) from the Cretaceous of Lebanon identified from three-dimensionally preserved myoanatomy
Authors: Parry Luke A. , Wilson Paul , Sykes Dan , Edgecombe Gregory D. , Vinther Jakob 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Background
Rollinschaeta myoplena gen. et sp. nov is described from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Konservat-Lagerstätten of Hakel and Hjoula, Lebanon. The myoanatomy of the fossils is preserved in exceptional detail in three dimensions as calcium phosphate, allowing the musculature of the body wall, gut and parapodia to be reconstructed in detail.

Results
The major muscle groups of polychaetes can be identified in Rollinschaeta, including longitudinal muscle bands, circular muscles, oblique muscles, the parapodial muscle complex and the gut musculature, with a resolution sufficient to preserve individual fibres. To allow meaningful comparison with the phosphatized fossil specimens, extant polychaetes were stained with iodine and visualised using microCT. Rollinschaeta myoplena possesses two pairs of dorsal longitudinal muscles, dorsal and ventral circular muscles and a single pair of ventral longitudinal muscles. While six longitudinal muscle bands are known from other polychaete groups, their presence in combination with circular muscles is unique to Amphinomidae, allowing these fossils to be diagnosed to family level based solely on their myoanatomy. The elongate, rectilinear body and equally sized, laterally projecting parapodia of Rollinschaeta are found only within Amphinominae, demonstrating that the Cretaceous species is derived amongst Amphinomida.

Conclusion
The uniquely preserved myoanatomy of Rollinschaeta has allowed diagnosis of a fossil annelid to subfamily level using microCT as a comparative tool for exploring myoanatomy in fossil and extant polychaetes. Our results demonstrate that fossilized muscles can provide systematically informative anatomical detail and that they should be studied when preserved.
Split equality fixed point problem for quasi-pseudo-contractive mappings with applications
Authors: Chang Shih-sen , Wang Lin , Qin Li-Juan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a split equality fixed point problem for quasi-pseudo-contractive mappings which includes split feasibility problem, split equality problem, split fixed point problem etc., as special cases. A unified framework for the study of this kind of problems and operators is provided. The results presented in the paper extend and improve many recent results.
Upfront Genotyping of DPYD*2A to Individualize Fluoropyrimidine Therapy: A Safety and Cost Analysis
Authors: Deenen Maarten J. , Meulendijks Didier , Cats Annemieke , Sechterberger Marjolein K. , Severens Johan L. , Boot Henk , Smits Paul H. , Rosing Hilde , Mandigers Caroline M.P.W. , Soesan Marcel , Beijnen Jos H. , Schellens Jan H.M. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose Fluoropyrimidines are frequently prescribed anticancer drugs. A polymorphism in the fluoropyrimidine metabolizing enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD; ie, DPYD*2A) is strongly associated with fluoropyrimidine-induced severe and life-threatening toxicity. This study determined the feasibility, safety, and cost of DPYD*2A genotype–guided dosing. Patients and Methods Patients intended to be treated with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy were prospectively genotyped for DPYD*2A before start of therapy. Variant allele carriers received an initial dose reduction of ≥ 50% followed by dose titration based on tolerance. Toxicity was the primary end point and was compared with historical controls (ie, DPYD*2A variant allele carriers receiving standard dose described in literature) and with DPYD*2A wild-type patients treated with the standard dose in this study. Secondary end points included a model-based cost analysis, as well as pharmacokinetic and DPD enzyme activity analyses. Results A total of 2,038 patients were prospectively screened for DPYD*2A, of whom 22 (1.1%) were heterozygous polymorphic. DPYD*2A variant allele carriers were treated with a median dose-intensity of 48% (range, 17% to 91%). The risk of grade ≥ 3 toxicity was thereby significantly reduced from 73% (95% CI, 58% to 85%) in historical controls (n = 48) to 28% (95% CI, 10% to 53%) by genotype-guided dosing (P < .001); drug-induced death was reduced from 10% to 0%. Adequate treatment of genotype-guided dosing was further demonstrated by a similar incidence of grade ≥ 3 toxicity compared with wild-type patients receiving the standard dose (23%; P = .64) and by similar systemic fluorouracil (active drug) exposure. Furthermore, average total treatment cost per patient was lower for screening (€2,772 [$3,767]) than for nonscreening (€2,817 [$3,828]), outweighing screening costs. Conclusion DPYD*2A is strongly associated with fluoropyrimidine-induced severe and life-threatening toxicity. DPYD*2A genotype–guided dosing results in adequate systemic drug exposure and significantly improves safety of fluoropyrimidine therapy for the individual patient. On a population level, upfront genotyping seemed cost saving.
Filtering Walls Мade of Sintered Metal Gauzes for Built-in Filters of Aviation Hydraulic Systems
Authors: Новиков  , Novikov Yu. , Спиридонов  , Spiridonov V. , Большаков  , Bolshakov Vadim 
Published: November 2015

Results of theoretical and experimental researches related to cold deformation degree influence when rolling on strength
and hydraulic characteristics of metal gauzes used for production of built-in filters’ filtering walls have been presented.
An analytical dependence of gauze’s permeation coefficient on the gauze’s reduction ratio and relative lengthening when
rolling has been received based on ideal porous body’s capillary model. Theoretical research results have been compared
with the experimental data obtained at filtration of compressed air and mineral oil through samples of gauzes with various
degree of cold deformation. Experimental dependences of gauzes’ relative lengthening and strength limit on their cold
deformation degree have been presented. Results of visual researches of deformed gauzes’ surface condition have been
presented. A dependence of contact spots’ square at gauzes’ surfaces on reduction ratio has been received. The analysis of
contact spots’ influence on hydraulic characteristics of the multilayered mesh material used for filtering walls production
has been carried out. Results of experimental studies of gauzes’ hydraulic characteristics have been processed in the form
of dimensionless dependence of hydraulic resistance coefficient on filtered environment stream’s Reynolds number.
The spherical nucleic acids mRNA detection paradox
Authors: Mason David , Carolan Gemma , Held Marie , Comenge Joan , Lévy Raphaël 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
From the 1950s onwards, our understanding of the formation and intracellular trafficking of membrane vesicles was informed by experiments in which cells were exposed to gold nanoparticles and their uptake and localisation, studied by electron microscopy. In the last decade, building on progress in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their controlled functionalisation with a large variety of biomolecules (DNA, peptides, polysaccharides), new applications have been proposed, including the imaging and sensing of intracellular events. Yet, as already demonstrated in the 1950s, uptake of nanoparticles results in confinement within an intracellular vesicle which in principle should preclude sensing of cytosolic events. To study this apparent paradox, we focus on a commercially available nanoparticle probe that detects mRNA through the release of a fluorescently labelled oligonucleotide (unquenching the fluorescence) in the presence of the target mRNA. Using electron, fluorescence and photothermal microscopy, we show that the probes remain in endocytic compartments and that they do not report on mRNA level. We suggest that the validation of any nanoparticle-based probes for intracellular sensing should include a quantitative and thorough demonstration that the probes can reach the cytosolic compartment.
Experimental research and modeling of selected layers of the trachea based on EBUS
Authors: Ryniewicz Andrzej , Soja Jerzy , Ryniewicz Wojciech , Sładek Krzysztof , Bojko Łukasz 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This study presents the use of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) for imaging and dimensional measurements of a trachea. An assessment of shape reproduction accuracy was based on a comparative method using one- and two-later models. It was found that dimensions determined from EBUS scans of digital models are overstated by 1.2–2.9 mm on average. Developed 2-D and 3-D models of tracheal structures facilitate the evaluation of dimensions and thickness distribution for tissue layers.
Platelet volume is associated with the Framingham risk score for cardiovascular disease in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)
Authors: Maluf Chams B. , Barreto Sandhi M. , dos Reis Rodrigo C.P. , Vidigal Pedro G. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackground:Platelet volume indices (PVI), an easy and inexpensive surrogate measure of platelet function, have been associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and their risk factors. However, results are conflicting because of the lack of standardized procedures. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of PVI with the Framingham risk score (FRS).Methods:Baseline data (2008–2010) of 3115 participants enrolled in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) were used. PVI measurements were strictly controlled. The cohort was distributed according to risk factors and the general FRS was estimated. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the association between PVI and FRS.Results:Mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) independently correlated (p≤0.01) with FRS after adjustment for confounding variables. One unit increase in MPV, PDW, or P-LCR increased the FRS by 0.59%, 0.40%, and 0.08%, respectively. Diabetics had higher (p≤0.004) MPV, PDW, and P-LCR, and hypertensive individuals had higher (p≤0.045) PDW and P-LCR.Conclusions:Increased PVI was independently correlated with higher CVD risk based on the FRS, diabetes, and systolic hypertension. Prospective follow up of this cohort is warranted to confirm that PVI is associated with the development of CVD.
Annelidan rings
Authors: Marks Greg , Mazurek Ryszard 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
We introduce the class of right annelidan rings, defined by the property
that any annihilator right ideal of the ring is comparable with every
right ideal of the ring. This class is a common generalization of the
classes of domains and right uniserial rings. We obtain results on the
structure of right annelidan rings; in particular, we show that all right
annelidan rings are Armendariz. We study the relationships between right
annelidan rings, chain conditions, and 2-primal rings. For the class
of right annelidan rings, we prove a version of the Hopkins–Levitzki
Theorem for principal right ideals. We characterize right annelidan group
algebras, obtaining a classification that is complete if the zero-divisor
problem has a positive solution.
Prokineticins in central and peripheral control of human reproduction
Authors: Traboulsi Wael , Brouillet Sophie , Sergent Frederic , Boufettal Houssine , Samouh Naima , Aboussaouira Touria , Hoffmann Pascale , Feige Jean Jacques , Benharouga Mohamed , Alfaidy Nadia 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Prokineticin 1 (PROK1) and (PROK2), are two closely related proteins that were identified as the mammalian homologs of their two amphibian homologs, mamba intestinal toxin (MIT-1) and Bv8. PROKs activate two G-protein linked receptors (prokineticin receptor 1 and 2, PROKR1 and PROKR2). Both PROK1 and PROK2 have been found to regulate a stunning array of biological functions. In particular, PROKs stimulate gastrointestinal motility, thus accounting for their family name “prokineticins”. PROK1 acts as a potent angiogenic mitogen, thus earning its other name, endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial factor. In contrast, PROK2 signaling pathway has been shown to be a critical regulator of olfactory bulb morphogenesis and sexual maturation. During the last decade, strong evidences established the key roles of prokineticins in the control of human central and peripheral reproductive processes. PROKs act as main regulators of the physiological functions of the ovary, uterus, placenta, and testis, with marked dysfunctions in various pathological conditions such as recurrent pregnancy loss, and preeclampsia. PROKs have also been associated to the tumor development of some of these organs. In the central system, prokineticins control the migration of GnRH neurons, a key process that controls reproductive functions. Importantly, mutations in PROK2 and PROKR2 are associated to the development of Kallmann syndrome, with direct consequences on the reproductive system. This review describes the finely tuned actions of prokineticins in the control of the central and peripheral reproductive processes. Also, it discusses future research directions for the use of these cytokines as diagnostic markers for several reproductive diseases.