bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practicing pediatrician’s perspective on the immunization schedules: a short survey
Authors: S. Jagannathan , K. S. Kumaravel , B. Rameshbabu 
Published: August 2017

Background: The practicing pediatrician is left in a dilemma regarding the need for the newer vaccines and conflicting scientific data from vaccine manufacturers. This study is aimed at evaluating the pediatrician’s perspective regarding the immunization schedule.Methods: A brief questionnaire was framed to bring out the most common issues faced by the pediatrician in immunization schedules.Results: About 77 percent of respondents felt that our National Immunization is inadequate. About 37 percent and 28 percent of respondents felt that the next vaccine that is to be introduced in the National Immunization Schedule is Pneumococcal vaccine and Rotavirus vaccine respectively. Nearly half of the respondents trusted IAP as the single most important influencing factor in choosing a newer vaccine. About 76 percent of respondents felt that the immunization schedules are influenced by vaccine makersConclusions: The practicing pediatrician who had always looked at IAP Immunization schedule as his bible in office practice is now beginning to doubt its authenticity. The threat of not having a consensus on Immunization is detrimental. It is the duty of IAP to clear the air regarding the controversies it had faced in the immunization schedule.
Growth and neurodevelopmental outcome of high risk premature neonates at 1 year in a tertiary level NICU of central India
Authors: U. Sudhir , Ghanghoriya Pawan , Barman Mangilal , Joshi Trusha 
Published: August 2017

Background: To study the outcome of growth and development till one year of age of very preterm neonates and moderate to late preterm admitted and discharged from a tertiary level NICU in central India.Methods: 120 preterm babies admitted and discharged from NICU were enrolled consecutively. Out of them 82 were followed up for a period of 1 year. Physical parameter like weight, length and head circumference were recorded on admission and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of corrected gestational age. Developmental assessment was done at 12 months of corrected gestational age by DASII (developmental assessment scale for Indian infants).Results: Among the 82 enrolled subjects 28 were very preterm (28-<32 weeks) and 54 were moderate to late preterm (32-<37 weeks). Overall growth (all the anthropometric parameters) was higher in the moderate to late preterm group. In very preterm babies weight gain was better from 6-12 months of postnatal age and was statistically significant (p<0.005). Length gain was higher in very premature babies group but not statistically significant and head growth was significantly higher in very preterm babies from 1 month to 1 year compared to moderate to late preterm babies (p<0.05). Neurodevelopmental delay was seen in 28% (n=23) of the study group at 1 year, 65.2% (n=15) were very preterm babies. Associated risk factors were RDS, hypoglycemia, NEC and sepsis. Developmental quotient was lower in very preterm (66.45) compared to moderate preterm babies (79.86).Conclusions: Prematurity and its associated complications are linked to adverse physical and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Improved perinatal care, early assessment of development by appropriate tools and early intervention is a must to improve the outcome of these babies.
Assessment of non-ketotic hypoglycaemia in new born attending in Malda Medical College and Hospital
Authors: Dawn Indranil , Jeauddin Sk. , Biswas Gauranga , Jana Jadab Kumar 
Published: August 2017

Background: Blood glucose level of <40/dl irrespective of period of gestation is known as hypoglycaemia. Nonketotic hypoglycaemia is associated with disorders of fructose or galactose metabolism, hyperinsulinism, fatty acid oxidation and GH deficiency. Aim of our study to detect the new born having clinical manifestations of hypoglycaemia, measure the capillary blood glucose and urinary ketone bodies in neonates with sign and symptoms of hypoglycaemia and to perform detail work up of neonates having non ketotic hypoglycaemia.Methods: It is hospital based cross-sectional study carried out for one calendar year extending from 01.01.2015 to 31.12.2015.Results: Thirty-five patients were identified as hypoglycemic Nine patients were diagnosed with non ketotic hypoglycemia for a prevalence of 8.5/100, 00. Two patients had the low growth hormone (GH) levels (0.4 ng/ml and 0.5 ng/ml). Three patients had increased Asparate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) level. Three patients increased urinary acetyl-carnitine level.Conclusions: Patient suffering from different congenital disorder and an extensive and overzealous workup for endocrinopathy or inborn error of metabolism is necessary.
Etiological evaluation of convulsions in children between 1 month to 5 years of age
Authors: Mamillapalli Bharathi , A. Penchalaiah 
Published: August 2017

Background: Convulsions are the most common pediatric neurological disorder worldwide. The incidence is highest in children younger than 3 years of age with a decreasing frequency in older children. The different causes of seizures are febrile convulsions, CNS infections, neurologic or developmental, metabolic, traumatic or vascular, idiopathic or epilepsy, oncologic. The objective of our study is to find out the various etiologies of convulsions in children between 1 month to 5 years of age.Methods: 200 consecutive cases admitted to the hospital with convulsions in this particular age group were studied by detailed history, thorough examination and stepwise investigations including blood counts, CSF analysis, EEG and neuroimaging studies.Results: The most common cause for seizures in our study was febrile seizures (34.5%). Hypocalcemic seizures were the predominant cause (13%) between 1 month to 1 year of age. Other causes included viral encephalitis (20%), pyogenic meningitis (11%), TB meningitis (8.5%), epilepsy (8%), hypoglycemia (2%), neurocysticercosis (1%), head injury (1%) late HDN (0.5%). Cerebral palsy, mental retardation syndromes with developmental delay and epilepsy constituted 5.5% of the cases.Conclusions: Convulsions in children can be due to various underlying pathology. A detailed history, thorough examination and certain investigations helps to recognize the cause for the convulsions and can be treated accordingly.
Study of hematological indices in neonates admitted with non-obstructive jaundice and its outcome in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: R. Vikram , Balachandran C. S. 
Published: August 2017

Background: To study non-obstructive causes and laboratory profile of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Design: prospective study.Methods: Selection of cases were done from routine cases reporting to newborn unit in the department of paediatrics, with clinical evidence of jaundice in neonates. Blood group of the mother and baby, Serum bilirubin estimation, Complete blood count with peripheral smear examination, Reticulocyte count, Direct coomb’s test and C-reactive protein of the baby were done.Results: Study includes 89 cases of newborn admitted in our tertiary care institute. Out of 89 neonates, 52 (58.42%) were male while 37 (41.57%) were females. Total number of Pre-term babies was 35 (39.32%). Neonates having low birth weight were 30 (33.7%) and very low birth were 10 (11.23%). Physiological jaundice constituted majority cases. Septicemia was the commonest cause of pathological jaundice and ABO incompatibility is second commonest cause of pathological jaundice. Pre-term and low birth weight babies were having higher levels of serum total bilirubin but the difference was not significant (P >0.05). The rise in serum bilirubin level was found to be more in pathological jaundice as compare to physiological jaundice. Difference was significant statistically with p value of <0.05.Conclusions: Most of the cases were having physiological jaundice although septicemia and ABO-Rh incompatibility were not exceptional. Peak serum bilirubin levels were found to be more among the pathological jaundice. Also, prematurity and low birth weight were having higher levels of serum bilirubin. Special care must be given to them in order to avoid future complications of hyperbilirubinemia.
Clinical profile of Candidiasis in neonates
Authors: S. Latha G. , V. Veeresh Babu D. , K. Thejraj H. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Opportunistic infections are increasing in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Neonates often have compromised skin integrity, gastrointestinal tract disease, chronic malnutrition, central venous catheters, long term endotracheal intubation and other factors that lead to increased risk of acquiring such infections. Infections with fungi (candida) and with coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are especially prevalent. The need of study is to know the clinical profile of candidiasis in neonates in our setup and to determine associated risk factors of candidiasis.Methods: The present study was undertaken by Dept of paediatrics, SSIMS and RC Davangere among 296 neonates of which 96 babies admitted in NICU and 200 were in PNC ward to study clinical profile of candidiasis in neonates and risk factors associated with them. Parents of 296 babies were interviewed using preformed study proforma. Clinical examination was done and investigations included KOH examination of oral swab, Gram stain of the swab and blood culture of suspected sepsis babies. There are several factors associated with development of neonatal candidiosis. Of them, prematurity, LBW, perinatal birth asphyxia, long term antibiotics, central venous catheters, mechanical ventilation, septicemia, played a major role in development of candidosis.Results: In the present study, incidence of candidiasis in neonates revealed 13.8% of babies admitted in NICU. Male babies out numbered the female babies in incidence of candidiasis in neonates. Males formed 69% and females 31% of positive cases. Most of neonates admitted in NICU (96) were of low birth weight between 1.5kg to 2.5 kg. Out of which most of cases positive for candidiasis/candidemia were belonged to 1.0-1.5 kg. In present study, 13 babies were positive for candidiasis, of which 5 babies (38.3%) were of birth weight between 1-1.5kg. Birth asphyxia alone or with mechanical ventilation played an important risk factor in development of candidiasis in neonates. In present study, birth asphyxia and mechanical ventilation per se had played a significant role in development of candidiasis in neonates admitted in NICU.Conclusions: The present study revealed the clinical profile of candidiasis in neonates associated with various risk factors. Study shows that low birth weight, birth asphyxia and mechanical ventilation were significant risk factors for candidiasis in neonates. Blood cultures were positive in babies without mucosal lesions suggesting the importance of diagnosing fungal sepsis.
Breast self-examination: assessing its knowledge attitude and practice among ethnic Kashmiri females
Authors: Sideeq Kouser , Ayoub Taha , Sailm Khan S. M. 
Published: August 2017

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide but is the second commonest cancer in Kashmir women. The most easy and cost effective way of early detection of breast cancer is through breast self-examination (BSE) the utility of which can help to make early interventions and thus better prognosis. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge and practice about breast self-examination among ethnic Kashmiri females.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was done among ethnic Kashmiri women. A sample 250 women in the age group of 20 to 60 years was selected from SMHS hospital. A predesigned semi-structured study instrument was used to collect the data through interview method. Results: The results showed that only 26% of the participants had ever heard of breast cancer and among them for 50.8% the source of information was media. Regarding knowledge of breast self-examination 92.4 % had never heard of it. Only 5.6% participants had self-examined their breast. Conclusions: The study points to the insufficient knowledge of Kashmiri females about breast cancer and its simplest screening method of self-examination.
A community based study on perceived knowledge of diabetes on cause, control, prevention and complications among diabetic patients in Bengaluru city
Authors: . Shwetha , Prasad K. N. 
Published: August 2017

Background: The numbers of diabetes mellitus cases are increasing among all sections of Indian population. The knowledge about the disease, associated complications and co-morbidities are not satisfactory among the public including diabetic patients. The objective of the study was to assess the perceived knowledge and determining factors on onset, control, prevention and complications of diabetes mellitus in urban area of Bengaluru.Methods: A cross sectional, descriptive and community based study with a sample size 770 randomly selected known diabetics was conducted during May to July 2016 in Bengaluru city by direct interviewing them at their doorsteps using pretested questionnaire. The data contained information about the socio-demographic profile, knowledge about the warning signs, complications, controllability, consequences and co morbidities. Data was analysed in SPSS version 18.Results: There were 43.7% and 57.5% of males and females respectively. Seventy percent of females were homemakers and two third were literates. The maximum numbers of subjects were in the age group of 41-60 years with mean age of 56±11.6 years. Family history of diabetes was present among 40%. The median duration of diabetes was 48 months (range 1 to 360) and 38% of the subjects had co morbid conditions related to cardiovascular diseases and other systems. The perceived knowledge related to prevention, complications, consequences and controllability of diabetes was not adequate in relation to their literacy status, family history and duration of diabetes. The overall perceived knowledge was better among females than male subjects.Conclusions: The perceived knowledge about the different aspects of diabetes care at the personal level of diabetics were inadequate and needs periodic counselling as intervention measures.
Analisis Pengaruh Kurs Rupiah, Laju Inﬂasi, Jumlah Uang Beredar dan Pertumbuhan Ekspor terhadap Total Pembiayaan Perbankan Syariah dengan Dana Pihak Ketiga sebagai Variabel Moderating
Authors: Rifai Syukuri Ahmad , Susanti Helmi , Setyaningrum Aisyah 
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the rupiah exchange rate, inflation, money supply and the growth of exports to total Islamic banking financing by using third party funds as a moderating variable. The population in this study is all Islamic banking in Indonesia both Islamic Banks or Business Unit of Sharia in 2007-2015. The sample is the entire population with time series data as much as 108 of data. The method used is multiple regression analysis. The results of this study showed that simultaneous variable rupiah exchange rate, inflation, the money supply and export growth significantly influence the total financing of Islamic banking in Indonesia. Meanwhile, third-party funds moderating influences the rupiah exchange rate, inflation and export growth to the total financing of Islamic banking in IndonesiaTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kurs rupiah, inflasi, jumlah uang beredar dan pertumbuhan ekspor terhadap total pembiayaan perbankan syariah dengan menggunakan dana pihak ketiga sebagai variabel moderasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perbankan syariah di Indonesia baik Bank Umum Syariah atau pun Unit Usaha Syariah tahun 2007-2015. Sampelnya adalah seluruh populasi dengan data time series sejumlah 108. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan variabel kurs rupiah, inflasi, jumlah uang yang beredar dan pertumbuhan ekspor berpengaruh signifikan terhadap total pembiayaan perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Sedangkan, dana pihak ketiga memoderasi pengaruh kurs rupiah, inflasi dan pertumbuhan ekspor terhadap total pembiayaan perbankan syariah di Indonesia
Tantangan Lembaga Keuangan Syariah dalam Menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN
Authors: Kolistiawan Budi 
Published: August 2017

Islamic law is basically a standard concept. As the time goes by, there is an ijtihad in some aspects of life, but they do not deviate from the teaching of Islam. So Islam in solving the problem is in accordance with Islamic teaching. It is an economic system that is part of human life. Islamic economic system is expected to solve the problems of human life without deviating from Islamic law of Allah SWT. Along with the development of the era, nowadays there are many emerging Islamic-based financial institutions or commonly called as Islamic financial institutions amid community. The purpose of this study is to determine how far the reediness of Islamic financial institutions in facing the ASEAN Economic Community. The method of discussion used in this study is analysis technique based on data and references of library research. Hukum Islam pada dasarnya merupakan konsep yang baku. Tetapi seiring berjalannya waktu, terdapat ijtihad dalam beberapa bidang kehidupan, namun tetap berada pada batasan yang tidak menyimpang dari ajaran Islam. Sehingga Islam dalam menyelesaikan masalah akan sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. Demikian juga dengan sistem ekonomi yang merupakan bagian dari bidang kehidupan manusia. Sistem ekonomi Islam diharapkan bisa menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada pada kehidupan manusia tanpa melanggar ketentuan hukum syariat Allah SWT. Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, saat ini telah banyak bermunculan lembaga keuangan yang berbasis Islam atau sering disebut lembaga keuangan syariah ditengah masyarakat. Tujuan dari pembahasan ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kesiapan lembaga keuangan syariah menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean. Metode pembahasan dalam artikel ini menggunakan teknik analisis berdasarkan data dan referensi kepustakaan yang ada.
Competencia de Prácticas Inclusivas: Las TIC y la Educación inclusiva en el desarrollo profesional docente
Authors: Laiton Zarate Erika Viviana , Gómez Ardila Sergio Eduardo , Sarmiento Porras Román Eduardo , Mejía Corredor Carolina 
Published: August 2017

El objetivo del estudio fue el diseño de la â€œCompetencia de Prácticas Inclusivasâ€ que se articuló a la ruta â€œCompetencias TIC para el Desarrollo Profesional Docenteâ€ Ministerio de Educación Nacional (2013), y de esta manera evaluar integralmente a 30 docentes de una institución educativa de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, para reconocer sus necesidades de formación individual o colectiva y formular intervenciones apropiadas. La investigación se sustentó teóricamente en directrices ofrecidas por el Ministerio de Educación de Colombia, la Guía para la Inclusión Educativa (Booth y Ainscow, 2011) e investigaciones empíricas desarrolladas en países latinoamericanos, entre ellos, Colombia. El enfoque de la investigación fue cuantitativo, de diseño descriptivo, el cual permitió establecer que la Competencia de Prácticas Inclusivas integró pertinentemente posturas de la educación inclusiva y criterios del marco funcional de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en la educación, además, posibilitó conocer la percepción de los docentes frente al nivel de competencia en el que se encontraban; Â manifestando estar ubicados en un nivel bajo (explorador) en el desarrollo de habilidades para la competencia de prácticas inclusivas.Â
On r-dynamic coloring of some graph operations
Authors: Agustin Ika Hesti , Dafik D. , Harsya A. Y. 
Published: August 2017

Let $G$ be a simple, connected and undirected graph. Let $r,k$ be natural number. By a proper $k$-coloring of a graph $G$, we mean a map $ c : V (G) \rightarrow S$, where $|S| = k$, such that any two adjacent vertices receive different colors. An $r$-dynamic $k$-coloring is a proper $k$-coloring $c$ of $G$ such that $|c(N (v))| \geq min\{r, d(v)\}$ for each vertex $v$ in $V(G)$, where $N (v)$ is the neighborhood of $v$ and $c(S) = \{c(v) : v \in S\}$ for a vertex subset $S$ . The $r$-dynamic chromatic number, written as $\chi_r(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$ has an $r$-dynamic $k$-coloring. Note that the $1$-dynamic chromatic number of graph is equal to its chromatic number, denoted by $\chi(G)$, and the $2$-dynamic chromatic number of graph has been studied under the name a dynamic chromatic number, denoted by $\chi_d(G)$. By simple observation it is easy to see that $\chi_r(G)\le \chi_{r+1}(G)$, however $\chi_{r+1}(G)-\chi_r(G)$ can be arbitrarily large, for example $\chi(Petersen)=2, \chi_d(Petersen)=3$, but $\chi_3(Petersen)=10$. Thus, finding an exact values of $\chi_r(G)$ is significantly useful. In this paper, we will show some exact values of $\chi_r(G)$ when $G$ is an operation of special graphs.
Size multipartite Ramsey numbers for small paths versus books
Authors: Jayawardene Chula J. , Ratnayake Jayampathy 
Published: August 2017

Given $j \ge 2$, for graphs $G$ and $H$, the size Ramsey multipartite number $m_j(G, H)$ is defined as the smallest natural number $t$ such that any blue red coloring of the edges of the graph $K_{j \times t}$, necessarily containes a red $G$ or a blue $H$ as subgraphs. Let the book with $n$ pages is defined as the graph $K_1 + K_{1,n}$ and denoted by $B_n$. In this paper, we obtain the exact values of the size Ramsey numbers $m_j(P_3, H)$ for $j \ge 3$ where $H$ is a book $B_n$. We also derive some upper and lower bounds for the size Ramsey numbers $m_j(P_4, H)$ where $H$ is a book $B_n$.
Máscaras: multidão: dispersão: dois pontos
Authors: Andrade Elenise Cristina Pires de , Speglich Érica 
Published: August 2017

Costumava ser mais fácil: fechar as fronteiras, montar os bloqueios de estrada,parar os trens, cortar as linhas telefônicas e então reprimir seu povo com impunidade. Foi isto o que os militares fizeram na antiga Birmânia quando esmagaram um levante pró-democracia em 1988. Na semana passada, quando os generais começaram a atacar os monges budistas e seus simpatizantes nas ruas de Mianmar, eles descobriram que o mundo tinha mudado. As pessoas estavam assistindo. A junta se viu face a face com uma revolução na tecnologia da resistência, na qual um exército guerrilheiro de cidadãos repórteres estava transmitindo vídeos, fotos e notícias pela Internet enquanto os eventos se desenrolavam. As imagens chegaram às telas de televisão e aos jornais, e o mundo foi inundado de cenas de dezenas de milhares de monges nas ruas e do caos e violência enquanto a junta reprimia o maior levante popular em duas décadas. A velha tecnologia de armas e cassetetes foi superada pelo imediatismo da comunicação eletrônica de uma forma que o mundo nunca viu. (...)"Hoje, todo cidadão é um correspondente de guerra", disse Phillip Knightley, autor de "The First Casualty" (a primeira baixa), uma história do jornalismo de guerra que começa com as cartas enviadas por soldados na Criméia, nos anos 1850, à "guerra na sala de estar" no Vietnã nos anos 70, quando pessoas puderam assistir uma guerra pela televisão pela primeira vez."Os celulares com vídeo com capacidade de transmissão possibilitaram a qualquer um noticiar uma guerra", ele escreveu em uma entrevista por e-mail. "Basta apenas estar lá".