bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Proposal of 3D Feature Based on Occupancy of Point Cloud in Multiscale Shell Region
Authors: TAKEI SHOICHI , AKIZUKI SHUICHI , HASHIMOTO MANABU 
Published: October 2017

SUMMARYIn this paper, we propose a novel keypoint detection and feature description method called “SHORT” (Shell Histograms and Occupancy from Radial Transform) for fast 3D object recognition. Conventional keypoint detection and feature description methods such as the SHOT method have been necessary to calculate many normal vectors or other statistical values from the point cloud data in local regions, and therefore its computational costs are expensive. By contrast, the SHORT method consists of a fast keypoint detector that does not calculate statistics and a fast feature descriptor that uses a small number of points in the restricted local regions. The keypoint detector uses the occupancy measure which can be estimated by only counting the number of points in multiple spherical shell regions. Also, the feature descriptor uses a small number of points included in distinctive shell regions of multiple scales. Experimental results in 3D object recognition using real dataset show that the processing speed of the proposed method is approximately nine times faster than that of comparative methods.
Enhanced fermentative hydrogen production using gamma irradiated sludge immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol (pva) gels
Authors: Yin Yanan , Zhuang Shuting , Wang Jianlong 
Published: October 2017

The anaerobic digested sludge was irradiated using gamma ray to enrich the hydrogen‐producing microorganisms, and the irradiated sludge was immobilize in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gels for enhanced fermentative hydrogen production. The experimental results showed that the cumulative hydrogen production of 144 mL H2/100 mL day−1 and hydrogen yield of 1.77 mol H2/mol glucose was obtained at 35°C and initial pH 9 by immobilized sludge. The immobilized sludge remained active after 10 repeated batch operations, which showed the advantage over the suspended sludge both in the cumulative hydrogen production and hydrogen yield during long‐term operation. Different microbial diversity presented in the suspended and immobilized system was observed: rod‐shape bacteria dominated on the surface of immobilized cell beads and suspended sludge; spherical and shuttle‐shape microbes were prevalent inside the immobilized cell beads. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1183–1190, 2018
An alternative method for interpreting jet erosion test (JET) data: part 1. Theory
Authors: Rose Calvin W. , Olley Jon M. , Haddadchi Arman , Brooks Andrew P. , McMahon Joe 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe jet erosion test (JET) is a widely applied method for deriving the erodibility of cohesive soils and sediments. There are suggestions in the literature that further examination of the method widely used to interpret the results of these erosion tests is warranted. This paper presents an alternative approach for such interpretation based on the principle of energy conservation. This new approach recognizes that evaluation of erodibility using the jet tester should involve the mass of soil eroded, so determination of this eroded mass (or else scour volume and bulk density) is required. The theory partitions jet kinetic energy flux into that involved in eroding soil, the remainder being dissipated in a variety of mechanisms. The energy required to erode soil is defined as the product of the eroded mass and a resistance parameter which is the energy required to entrain unit mass of soil, denoted J (in J/kg), whose magnitude is sought. An effective component rate of jet energy consumption is defined which depends on depth of scour penetration by the jet, but not on soil type, or the uniformity of the soil type being investigated. Application of the theory depends on experimentally determining the spatial form of jet energy consumption displayed in erosion of a uniform body of soil, an approach of general application. The theory then allows determination of the soil resistance parameter J as a function of depth of scour penetration into any soil profile, thus evaluating such profile variation in erodibility as may exist. This parameter J has been used with the same meaning in soil and gully erosion studies for the last 25 years. Application of this approach will appear in a companion publication as part 2. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An alternative method for interpreting JET erosion test (JET) data: Part 2. Application
Authors: Haddadchi Arman , Rose Calvin W. , Olley Jon M. , Brooks Andrew P. , McMahon Joe , Pietsch Timothy 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper reports the results of jet tester experiments on soil samples of uniform properties which allow quantitative application of the new theory proposed in part 1 of these publications. This theory explores the possibly that a more adequate indicator of soil erodibility may be obtained by using the mass (and so volume) of soil eroded by the jet and the depth of scour penetration, rather than by using penetration depth alone, as assumed in the commonly‐used data interpretation method. It is shown that scour geometry can be well described using a generalized form of the Gaussian function, defined by its standard deviation and maximum depth. Using a published expression for jet kinetic energy flux, the new theory divides this flux into that used to erode soil, and the remainder which is dissipated in a variety of ways. Jet experiments on a specially‐prepared uniform soil sample are reported which provide the key to determining the spatial variability in the profile resistance to erosion offered by field soils. This resistance is expressed in the work required to erode unit mass of soil, denoted as J (in J/kg). The paper also gives results obtained on the profile variation in J for jet tests carried out at riverine sites on the upper Brisbane River, Queensland, Australia. As expected in most natural soil profiles, the results show an increase in J with depth in the profile. The soil resistance (J) is compared to the traditional interpretation of soil erodibility, (kd). The graphical comparison of these two indicators illustrates the inverse type of relationship between them which is expected from their respective definitions, but this relationship is associated with significant scatter. Possible reasons for this scatter are given, together with comments on jet tester experience in a wide variety of soil types. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation of above‐ground live biomass and carbon stocks in different plant formations and in the soil of dry forests of the Ecuadorian coast
Authors: Salas Macías Carlos A. , Alegre Orihuela Julio C. , Iglesias Abad Sergio 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDry forests are very fragile ecosystems as they are easily used as a source of subsistence products. In this sense, quantifying the carbon stock in these forests is of relevant importance for their conservation and to be able to quantify their participation as mitigation of the effects of climate change. Five 250 m2‐sample plots were established to estimate carbon stored in two pools for each of the plant formations identified (Dry Scrubland, DS; Dry Deciduous Forest, DDF; Dry Semideciduous Forest, DSF). The amount of carbon stored in soils was determined by analyzing the organic carbon randomly taken in each plot. Allometric equations were used to estimate the amount of carbon in above‐ground biomass, taking the total height (H) and the diameter at breast height (DBH) of trees whose DBH is equal to or greater than 5 cm. The total carbon stored in each plant formation was estimated by adding the amount of carbon in biomass and in soils, resulting in 60.30, 69.62, and 123.05 Mg of carbon per hectare for the DS, DDF, and DSF, respectively.
Assessment of the response of Plasmodiophora brassicae in contaminated horticultural land, using lime‐based fertilizer concentrations
Authors: Faggian Robert , Hanson Mary , Kennedy Roy , Petch Geoff , Wakeham Alison 
Published: October 2017

AbstractInfection of brassica crops with the clubroot pathogen, Plasmodiophora brassicae, can result in stunted plant growth and wilting, which can severely affect crop yield. Determining P. brassicae infection within a field prior to crop planting has long posed a problem for choosing appropriate control treatments. The options for control of this pathogen are limited and in the UK and are based on adjusting pH with soil amendments. In this study quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was investigated for measurement of this pathogen in different control treatments. The qPCR was capable of reliably quantifying P. brassicae at levels greater than and including 103 resting spores/g soil. The assay was used to study the effect of lime‐based products (LimeX) on the incidence of the clubroot pathogen in field trials with broccoli crops grown on contaminated land. The results showed that variation occurred in clubroot resting spore levels in treated and untreated plots during the crop growing period. In year one there was a 96% decrease in spore load during the growth of the crop. Treatment with LimeX resulted in a greater marketable head weight of broccoli in 2 years of the field trials, and significantly reduced gall numbers on the roots in 1 year. The rate of lime (calcium carbonate) application was not found to have a significant effect in this study, however a greater reduction in clubroot was observed at higher LimeX concentrations.
Process refinements improve a hydrological model concept applied to the Niger River basin
Authors: Andersson Jafet C.M. , Arheimer Berit , Traoré Farid , Gustafsson David , Ali Abdou 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study examines a method to improve a process‐oriented hydrological model concept applied to another region than it was first developed for. In principle, we propose to analyse and refine each major hydrological process separately, sequentially, and iteratively. To test the method, the HYPE model concept (HYdrological Predictions for the Environment, originally developed for Sweden) was here applied to the data‐sparse Niger River basin in West Africa. Errors in the baseline Niger‐HYPE model were analysed to identify inadequately described processes. These process descriptions were subsequently isolated and refined through a set of experiments focusing on concept development, input data enhancement, and multivariable calibration. The refinements were guided by in situ discharge observations, earth observations, local expert knowledge, and previous studies. The results show that the original model concept could simulate the annual cycle of discharge, but not the magnitudes or daily dynamics (56‐station average Nash‐Sutcliffe Efficiency = −1). The main processes requiring improved descriptions were precipitation, evaporation, surface runoff, infiltration, soil storage, reservoir regulations, aquifer recharge, and flooding and river‐atmosphere exchange in the Inner Niger Delta. Of these, evaporation, flooding and river‐atmosphere exchange differ so much between Sweden and the Niger River that the model concept had to be refined. All refinements were synthesized in a new model version (Niger‐HYPE2.0) performing significantly better across the basin (56‐station average Nash‐Sutcliffe Efficiency = 0.4). This study demonstrates the danger of applying a model off the shelf, and the obligation to carefully evaluate and revise process descriptions when applying a model concept to a new region. Moreover, the results indicate that our approach to separately, sequentially, and iteratively refine processes together with local experts can substantially improve process‐oriented hydrological models.
Use of double mass curves in hydrologic benefit evaluations
Authors: Gao Peng , Li Pengfei , Zhao Baili , Xu Ruirui , Zhao Guangju , Sun Wenyi , Mu Xingmin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEnvironmental change resulting from intensified human interventions and climate change has impacted the hydrological function of many large river systems, largely altering the production and transport of run‐off and sediment. It is thus vital to quantitatively evaluate the influence of climate change and human activities on streamflow and sediment discharge. Water balance equations, hydrological models, and comparative analyses are commonly used to fulfil this need. Double mass curves (DMCs), being one useful method for comparative analyses, are characterized by low data requirements and high transferability, and thus more practical than water balance equations and hydrological models for hydrologic benefit evaluations. However, the detailed derivation procedure of the DMC has, to date, yet been described in literature. Moreover, in previous studies, changing points of the DMC were determined either rather empirically or as the changing point of streamflow or sediment discharge (i.e., precipitation was not considered). Hence, the changing point detected may be subject to inaccuracies. This paper, for the first time, comprehensively detailed the derivation procedure of the DMC; a new way was proposed to quantitatively examine the changing point of the DMC; an example was also given to demonstrate the use of the DMC in the hydrologic benefit evaluation. It is hopeful that the method given in our paper will be widely adopted by future studies as a standard procedure to derive and use the DMC.
Retrospective study of the effect of remifentanil use during labor on fetal heart rate patterns
Authors: Boterenbrood Danne , Wassen Martine M. , Visser Gerard H.A. , Nijhuis Jan G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate possible associations between remifentanil and the appearance of sinusoidal heart rate patterns in fetuses, and neonatal outcomes.MethodsThe present retrospective cohort study included data from patients at over 37 weeks of singleton or multiple pregnancies attending Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard, the Netherlands, in labor between June 1, and August 31, 2015. Patient data were stratified by whether remifentanil was administered during delivery (remifentanil group) or not (control group), and fetal heart rate tracings were reviewed to identify sinusoidal heart rate patterns. The neonatal outcomes compared were 5‐minute Apgar scores and umbilical artery pH.ResultsThere were 119 patients included in the study; 60 in the remifentanil group and 59 in the control group. Tracings from 20 (33%) patients in the remifentanil group exhibited a sinusoidal heart rate pattern after remifentanil administration, compared with 5 (8%) patients in the control group (P=0.001). The median time before the onset of sinusoidal patterns after remifentanil administration was 12 minutes. No adverse neonatal outcomes were recorded in either group.ConclusionRemifentanil use during labor was associated with the occurrence of sinusoidal heart rate patterns in the fetus; this was not associated with adverse neonatal outcomes.
Efect of longitudinally oriented collagen conduit combined with nerve growth factor on nerve regeneration after dog sciatic nerve injury
Authors: Yao Yao , Cui Yi , Zhao Yannan , Xiao Zhifeng , Li Xing , Han Sufang , Chen Bing , Fang Yongxiang , Wang Piao , Pan Juli , Dai Jianwu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe research on artificial nerve conduits has become a focus of study in peripheral nerve reconstruction so as a possible replacement for the treatment of autologous nerve grafts in clinics. In this study, we used longitudinally oriented collagen conduit (LOCC) combined with nerve growth factor (NGF) to reconstruct long distance of sciatic nerve defects (35 mm) in adult dog model. The long term follow‐up evaluation demonstrated that the LOCC/NGF conduit allowed functional and morphological nerve regeneration at the transection site of the injured sciatic nerve. Furthermore, the functional study confirmed that when NGF was loaded onto LOCC it promoted a better recovery of regenerated axons than LOCC alone. The gastrocnemius muscle mass in the LOCC/NGF group was significantly greater than in the LOCC alone group. The results indicated that when LOCC conduit combined with NGF it would provide a preferential environment for sciatic nerve regeneration. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2131–2139, 2018.
Loss of Dnmt3b in Chondrocytes Leads to Delayed Endochondral Ossification and Fracture Repair
Authors: Wang Cuicui , Abu-Amer Yousef , O'Keefe Regis J , Shen Jie 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Despite advanced understanding of signaling mediated by local and systemic factors, the role of epigenetic factors in the regulation of bone regeneration remains vague. The DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b have tissue specific expression patterns and create unique methylation signatures to regulate gene expression. Using a stabilized murine tibia fracture model we find that Dnmt3b is induced early in fracture healing, peaks at 10 days post fracture (dpf), and declines to nearly undetectable levels by 28 dpf. Dnmt3b expression was cell-specific and stage-specific. High levels were observed in chondrogenic lineage cells within the fracture callus. To determine the role of Dnmt3b in fracture healing, Agc1CreERT2;Dnmt3bf/f (Dnmt3bAgc1ER) mice were generated to delete Dnmt3b in chondrogenic cells. Dnmt3bAgc1ER fracture displayed chondrogenesis and chondrocyte maturation defect, and a delay in the later events of angiogenesis, ossification, and bone remodeling. Biomechanical studies demonstrated markedly reduced strength in Dnmt3bAgc1ER fractures and confirmed the delay in repair. The angiogenic response was reduced in both vessel number and volume at 10 and 14 dpf in Dnmt3bAgc1ER mice. Immunohistochemistry showed decreased CD31 expression, consistent with the reduced angiogenesis. Finally, in vitro angiogenesis assays with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) revealed that loss of Dnmt3b in chondrocytes significantly reduced tube formation and endothelial migration. To identify specific angiogenic factors involved in the decreased callus vascularization, a protein array was performed using conditioned media isolated from control and Dnmt3b loss-of-function chondrocytes. Several angiogenic factors, including CXCL12 and osteopontin (OPN) were reduced in chondrocytes following loss of Dnmt3b. DNA methylation analysis further identified hypomethylation in Cxcl12 promoter region. Importantly, the defects in tube formation and cell migration could be rescued by administration of CXCL12 and/or OPN. Altogether, our findings establish that Dnmt3b positively regulates chondrocyte maturation process, and its genetic ablation leads to delayed angiogenesis and fracture repair. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
On the Hamilton–Waterloo problem with odd cycle lengths
Authors: Burgess A. C. , Danziger P. , Traetta T. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLet denote the complete graph if v is odd and , the complete graph with the edges of a 1‐factor removed, if v is even. Given nonnegative integers , the Hamilton–Waterloo problem asks for a 2‐factorization of into α ‐factors and β ‐factors, with a ‐factor of being a spanning 2‐regular subgraph whose components are ℓ‐cycles. Clearly, , , and are necessary conditions. In this paper, we extend a previous result by the same authors and show that for any odd the above necessary conditions are sufficient, except possibly when , or when . Note that in the case where v is odd, M and N must be odd. If M and N are odd but v is even, we also show sufficiency but with further possible exceptions. In addition, we provide results on 2‐factorizations of the complete equipartite graph and the lexicographic product of a cycle with the empty graph.
Existence of LSs
Authors: Zheng Hao , Chang Yanxun , Zhou Junling 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLet X be a ‐set and be a partition of X into n groups of size 2 and one group G0 of size 4. A large‐set‐plus denoted by LS is a partition of all ‐transverse triples of X into block sets of 3‐GDD(2n41)s with group set , and two block sets of 3‐GDD(2n)s with group set . In this paper, we study the existence problem of LSs and give a nearly complete solution.
Neighborhood and cultural stressors associated with delinquency in Latino adolescents
Authors: Rubens Sonia L. , Gudiño Omar G. , Michel Jena , Fite Paula J. , Johnson‐Motoyama Michelle 
Published: October 2017

AbstractResearch has demonstrated a link between community violence exposure (CVE) and delinquency in adolescence, but little is known about the role of cultural stressors in this relation. This study examined the moderating role of acculturation dissonance and ethnic/racial discrimination in the link between CVE and delinquency engagement in a sample of Latino adolescents. Participants for this study included 134 Latino adolescents (46% males, mean age of 16.14, standard deviation = 1.31) recruited from an urban charter high school located in a large Midwestern city. Findings from hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that higher levels of CVE and acculturation dissonance, as well as male gender, were associated with higher levels of delinquency engagement. A significant interaction was also found between CVE and ethnic/racial discrimination. Interaction probing showed that CVE was significantly associated with delinquency engagement at low but not high levels of ethnic/racial discrimination. Findings suggest that it is important to consider multiple types of cultural and neighborhood stressors when assessing and addressing the needs of Latino adolescents.
Efficient adsorption/reduction of aqueous hexavalent chromium using oligoaniline hollow microspheres fabricated by a template‐free method
Authors: Bao Chongzhuo , Mingxin Chen , Liu Guangrong , Jin Xin , Huang Qiang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDUniform and well‐dispersed hollow microspheres of oligoaniline were synthesized by a facile and template‐free method in alkaline medium. The morphology of oligoanilines was controlled from hollow to hard microspheres, by simply changing the volumes of alkaline medium. SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR and physical adsorption of nitrogen were used to characterize the products. Hexavalent chromium ion uptake experiments were run with these aniline oligomers.RESULTSAdsorption experiments showed that the removal of chromium ions was strongly dependent on the initial pH of the solution. The pseudo‐second‐order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models were well correlated with the experimental data. The adsorption of Cr(VI) and synergistic reduction to Cr(III) were confirmed by analyzing remnant chromium in the liquid and XPS detection of the exhausted adsorbent. A redox/pseudo‐protonation process was suggested as the mechanism to explain the Cr(VI) removal. The adsorbed chromium ions could be desorbed by NaOH solution. The higher desorption efficiency of 96.2% was achieved by using 1.0 mol L‐1 NaOH as the desorption agent.CONCLUSIONSIt was observed that the hollow microsphere were the most effective adsorbent of the three adsorbents and its removal efficiency reached 99% to remove 60 mg L‐1 Cr(VI). The facile fabrication, efficient removal of Cr(VI) and simple regeneration offered an option to remove Cr(VI) contamination from natural water and industrial wastewater. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry