bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Bacteria in the Sputum of a Cystic Fibrosis patient; A Comparison of Phenotypic and Molecular Methods
Authors: Alfaresi Mubarak , Mahboub Bassam 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Cystic fibrosis (CF), caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene, is a common autosomal recessive disease. Accurate isolation and identification of the bacteria underlying these infections are is critical to the therapeutic management of CF.

Objective:
To compare phenotypic bacterial identification with a molecular method in a CF patient sputum.

Methods:
Bacterial identification done by standard microbiological method from a CF patient. Same sample underwent a molecular method involving 16S rDNA amplification, cloning, and sequencing.

Results:
All isolated bacteria from culture were also found after cloning PCR Product. Conversely, 9 pathogenic bacterial species were only detected after PCR and cloning.

Conclusion:
This study supports prior suggestions that a sequence-based molecular approach to clinical microbiology can significantly enhance the standard clinical culture-based view.
Changing to Concept-Based Curricula: The Process for Nurse Educators
Authors: Baron Kristy A. 
Published: January 2018

Background:The complexity of health care today requires nursing graduates to use effective thinking skills. Many nursing programs are revising curricula to include concept-based learning that encourages problem-solving, effective thinking, and the ability to transfer knowledge to a variety of situations—requiring nurse educators to modify their teaching styles and methods to promote student-centered learning. Changing from teacher-centered learning to student-centered learning requires a major shift in thinking and application.Objective:The focus of this qualitative study was to understand the process of changing to concept-based curricula for nurse educators who previously taught in traditional curriculum designs.Methods:The sample included eight educators from two institutions in one Western state using a grounded theory design.Results:The themes that emerged from participants’ experiences consisted of the overarching concept,support for change,and central concept,finding meaningin the change. Finding meaning is supported by three main themes: preparing for the change, teaching in a concept-based curriculum, and understanding the teaching-learning process.Conclusion:Changing to a concept-based curriculum required a major shift in thinking and application. Through support, educators discovered meaning to make the change by constructing authentic learning opportunities that mirrored practice, refining the change process, and reinforcing benefits of teaching.
Assessment of the Peak Response of a 5MW HAWT Under Combined Wind and Seismic Induced Loads
Authors: Avossa Alberto Maria , Demartino Cristoforo , Ricciardelli Francesco 
Published: January 2018

Background and Objective:The rapid growth of the wind energy industry has brought the construction of large-scale wind turbines with the aim of increasing their performance and profits to areas characterized by high seismic hazard. Previous research demonstrated the seismic vulnerability of large-scale wind turbines when seismic and wind actions are considered simultaneously in the demand model. In this study, the response of the supporting structure of a land-based horizontal axis wind turbine under the combined effects induced by wind and earthquake is presented.Method:Using a decoupled approach, numerical simulations of the wind and seismic loads effects are performed separately using a specific model for the aerodynamic damping and then joined. Both simulations are done using free open-source software that are FAST simulating the aerodynamic response of the rotor and OpenSees simulating the dynamic behaviour of the tower. The fitted generalized extreme value distributions of the multi-hazard peak response in terms of base moment and shear, total drift, and top rotation are calculated for different seismic and wind load intensities by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The analyses are referred to the specific case study of a land-based wind generator.Results and Conclusion:The maximum demand is associated with the operational rated scenario and for high values of the peak ground acceleration, only the parked condition leads to larger values of the response if compared to others. The analyses showed that it is essential to consider the combined seismic and wind actions in the demand model to derive a complete multi-risk analysis of the land-based structures.
Estimation of Delay Times in Coupling Between Autonomic Regulatory Loops of Human Heart Rate and Blood Flow Using Phase Dynamics Analysis
Authors: Khorev Vladimir S , Karavaev Anatoly S , Lapsheva Elena E , Galushko Tatyana A , Prokhorov Mikhail D , Kiselev Anton R 
Published: January 2018

Objective:We assessed the delay times in the interaction between the autonomic regulatory loop of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and autonomic regulatory loop of photoplethysmographic waveform variability (PPGV), showing low-frequency oscillations.Material and Methods:In eight healthy subjects aged 25–30 years (3 male, 5 female), we studied at rest (in a supine position) the simultaneously recorded two-hour signals of RR intervals (RRIs) chain and finger photoplethysmogram (PPG). To extract the low-frequency components of RRIs and PPG signal, associated with the low-frequency oscillations in HRV and PPGV with a frequency of about 0.1 Hz, we filtered RRIs and PPG with a bandpass 0.05-0.15 Hz filter. We used a method for the detection of coupling between oscillatory systems, based on the construction of predictive models of instantaneous phase dynamics, for the estimation of delay times in the interaction between the studied regulatory loops.Results:Averaged value of delay time in coupling from the regulatory loop of HRV to the loop of PPGV was 0.9±0.4 seconds (mean ± standard error of the means) and averaged value of delay time in coupling from PPGV to HRV was 4.1±1.1 seconds.Conclusion:Analysis of two-hour experimental time series of healthy subjects revealed the presence of delay times in the interaction between regulatory loops of HRV and PPGV. Estimated delay time in coupling regulatory loops from HRV to PPGV was about one second or even less, while the delay time in coupling from PPGV to HRV was about several seconds. The difference in delay times is explained by the fact that PPGV to HRV response is mediated through the autonomic nervous system (baroreflex), while the HRV to PPGV response is mediated mechanically via cardiac output.
Evaluasi buku teks pelajaran bahasa jepang tingkat dasar “Minna No Nihongo”
Authors: Wahyuningtias Hani 
Published: January 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan dan memperoleh pemahaman tentang kualitas buku teks Jepang “Minna no Nihongo”. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode evaluasi dengan teknik analisis isi. Model evaluasi yang digunakan adalah Evaluasi Berbasis Tujuan (Goal Based Evaluation) untuk mengukur dan menilai kualitas buku teks pelajaran bahasa Jepang. Dalam penelitian ini, dasar teoretis dari buku pelajaran yang dijelaskan oleh para ahli dieksplorasi dan dikembangkan oleh peneliti dalam bentuk konstruk instrumen untuk mengevaluasi buku teks bahasa asing. Instrumen ini terdiri dari empat komponen, yaitu: materi/isi, keterampilan berbahasa, penyajian, dan keterbacaan. Instrumen ini telah divalidasi oleh pakar perbukuan dan pakar bahasa Jepang, serta diujikan pada empat buku teks pelajaran seri “Minna no Nihongo” yang digunakan di Fakultas Sastra Jurusan Jepang Universitas Darma Persada. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, diketahui bahwa kualitas empat buku ditinjau dari empat komponen sekaligus dianggap baik. Namun, buku keterampilan membaca dan menulis ditinjau dari segi penyajian dianggap kurang baik. Instrumen ini diharapkan menjadi pelopor dalam mengevaluasi buku teks pelajaran bahasa asing yang digunakan di Indonesia.Kata kunci: evaluasi, buku teks pelajaran bahasa asing, instrumen penilaian buku teks pelajaran bahasa asing THE EVALUATION OF JAPANESE TEXTBOOK BASIC LEVEL “MINNA NO NIHONGO ”AbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine and gain an understanding of the quality of Japanese textbooks “Minna no Nihongo”. The method applied in this study is the evaluation method with content analysis techniques. Evaluation model used is Goal Based Evaluation (Objective Oriented Evaluation) to measure and assess the quality of Japanese lesson textbook.In this study, the theoretical basic of the textbooks described by the experts is explored and developed by researcher in the form of instruments construct on evaluating foreign language textbook. This instrument consists of four components, namely: the material/content, language skills, presentation, and readability. This instrument has been validated by book expert and Japanese Language experts, as well as tested in four textbooks series “Minna no Nihongo” used in the Faculty of Literature Japanese Department in University of Darma Persada. Based on the results of the evaluation, it is determined that the quality of four textbooks observed in terms of four components all at once is clarified favorable. But reading and writing skills books observed in terms of presentation only are considered unfavorable. This instrument is expected to be a pioneer in evaluating foreign language text books used in Indonesia.Keywords: evaluation, foreign language textbooks, assessment instruments of foreign language textbooks
An evaluation model of islamic learning education program in madrasah aliyah
Authors: Anidi Anidi 
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study is: (1) to create the products as the evaluation model learning programs of Islamic education in madrasah aliyah, suitable, precise, and accurate, (2) to know how to test the suitability of the model to obtain the evaluation model of Islamic Education learning programs in madrasah aliyah which is valid, and reliable, and (3) determine the effectiveness of the application of evaluation model of Islamic learning programs that was developed. This was a research and development method study (R & D), referring to the model of Borg & Gall, the development process was simplified into three steps, namely: (1) the stage predevelopment of models, (2) the stage of development of the model, and (3) the operational phase of the field (test model). The data were collected using questionnaires, interview, observation, documentation, and test. Data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative. The conclusion of this research and development is: (1) evaluation model of Islamic Religious Education Learning program developed comprising: (a) the evaluation procedures, (b) the evaluation instrument, and (c) the evaluation guide. (2) according to the experts, PAI teachers, and principals, procedures, instruments, and evaluation guidelines developed are already good, and can be used, d) the instrument developed is entirely valid (load factor > 0.3), reliable (CR > 0.7), and qualified as a fit model (RMSEA ≤ 0.08 and NFI, CFI and GFI > .90). second, the expert's opinion, PAI teachers and principals, the developed evaluation model (EPH model) is declared effective, practical, and easy to use, and supported by a valid and reliable instrument.
Pengembangan tes keterampilan dasar olahraga bola tangan bagi mahasiswa
Authors: Susanto Ermawan 
Published: January 2018

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menyusun butir-butir tes keterampilan dasar olahraga bola tangan, dan (2) mengetahui validitas dan mengestimasi reliabilitas tes keterampilan dasar olahraga bola tangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah research and development. Subjek penelitian 30 mahasiswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasi dan kuesioner. Jumlah judge yang terlibat 3 orang. Validitas diketahui dengan validitas isi dan reliabilitas instrumen menggunakan korelasi Inter Rater. Hasil penghitungan koefisien korelasi, diketahui bahwa skor rater 1 = 0,999, skor rater 2 = 0,996, dan skor rater 3 = 0,991. Hasil penghitungan reliabilitas diestimasi dengan Koefisien Alpha sebesar rxx = 0,994. Hasil pengembangan tes keterampilan dasar olahraga bola tangan bagi mahasiswa menghasilkan 3 (tiga) jenis tes yaitu: (1) Tes keterampilan passing dengan sasaran ke tembok ( waktu: 30 detik), (2) Tes keterampilan dribbling (waktu: 30 detik), (3) Tes keterampilan flying shoot melakukan 3 kali tembakan dari tiga posisi: kiri, tengah, dan kanan.Kata kunci: pengembangan tes, keterampilan dasar, bola tangan DEVELOPMENT OF HANDBALL BASIC SKILLS TEST FOR STUDENTSAbstractThis article aims to: (1) develop a grain handball basic skills test, and (2) determine the validity and reliability of estimating handball basic skills test. The method used is research and development. Subject of the study 30 students. Data collection such as observation sheets and questionnaires. Number judge involved three people. Validity determined by content validity and reliability of the instrument using the correlation Inter Rater. The results of the correlation coefficient calculation, it is known that the rater score 1 = 0.999, the rater score 2 = 0.996, and the score rater 3 = 0.991. The results estimated by the reliability calculation of Alpha Coefficient rxx =0,994. The result of the development of the form of handball basic skills test for students produce three (3) types of test are: (1) The test of passing skills the target wall (time: 30 seconds), (2) the tests of dribbling skills (time: 30 seconds) (3) The tests of flying shoot skills from three positions: left, center, and right.Keywords: test, development, handball basic skill
Proroguing the Parliament of Australia: The Effect on the Senate and the Conventions that Constrain the Prerogative Power
Authors: Olivier Eliot 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPolitical controversies in New South Wales and Canada recently have focused public attention on the constitutional practice of proroguing parliament. They have also shone a light on two lingering areas of uncertainty that surround its operation under the Commonwealth Constitution. This article seeks to clarify these two muddy areas of the law concerning prorogation. The first is the effect of prorogation on the Senate and its committees. Since Federation, the Senate has purported to authorise its committees to continue to function notwithstanding a prorogation of the Parliament. However, it is argued that this practice is unsupported by the provisions of the Constitution and the Senate has no such power. Second, the article examines the operation of the conventions that constrain the Governor-General's power to prorogue. Prorogation generally is exercised on the advice of the Prime Minister. However, this article contends that where a Prime Minister seeks to prorogue Parliament to avoid a vote of no confidence, the Governor-General will have a discretion to reject the advice. It may also be open to the Governor-General to reject an advice to prorogue where the purpose is to avoid scrutiny of a fundamental constitutional illegality. In Australia, the uncertainties that surround prorogation, coupled with the now precarious political landscape in Canberra, create the very real possibility of a prorogation crisis at the Commonwealth level. This article provides a response to these uncertainties. In doing so it offers a solution to how a prorogation crisis can be resolved, whilst maintaining the fine balance of power in our constitutional system.
Justifications for Initiating a Constitutional Amendment to Establish an Australian Republic: An Empirical Study
Authors: Patmore Glenn 
Published: January 2018

AbstractUnder section 128 of the Australian Constitution federal parliamentarians have the power to initiate constitutional amendments. This paper examines the justifications of politicians and public figures for proposing a referendum to introduce an Australian republic. From interviews conducted between 2008 and 2011, three important justifications for proposing change emerged: promoting a new national identity; success in passing a referendum and in re-election; and timeliness. An examination of these justifications raised additional questions, including: what reasons did politicians and public figures think were significant? How did their justifications form and develop? What were the reasons that inspired political action? The reasons for initiation of a referendum for a republic, and recognition of indigenous people in the Australian Constitution are also compared. The paper adds to the literature on formal constitutional change, and also offers a critique of the field.
The Race Power — Its Replacement and Interpretation
Authors: Twomey Anne 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe Expert Panel on the Constitutional Recognition of Indigenous Australians has recommended the repeal of the ‘race power’ in the Constitution and its replacement with a power to make laws with respect to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. This article analyses that recommendation, the assumptions that underlie it and the way the new provision might be interpreted by the High Court. In doing so, it uses archival material to shed new light on the 1967 referendum and whether it was intended only to permit ‘beneficial’ laws. The article concludes that there is a disjunction between the intention of the Expert Panel and the likely effect of its proposed amendment.
Can A Theoretical Consideration of Australia's Anti-Discrimination Laws Inform Law Reform?
Authors: Hewitt Anne 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAnti-discrimination law in Australia is at a crossroads. After four decades of proliferation of legislation to regulate discrimination, national attention has turned from increasing regulation to legislative consolidation and reform. This article contributes a theoretical analysis to the reform debate. Two liberal theoretical justifications for prohibiting discrimination, harm and redistributive justice, are considered. This investigation assists to determine when the state should intervene in order to restrict discrimination, and whether state and territory anti-discrimination regimes have a legitimate continuing role in Australia's legislative landscape.
Water Accounting Information and Confidentiality in Australia
Authors: McKay Clare , Gardner Alex 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA key objective of Australia's recent national water reforms is to keep water licence and entitlement holders accountable for the amounts of water they extract, trade and use. Water metering and the recording and reporting of water extraction and trading data are processes designed to ensure this accountability, and are central to Australia's water accounting regimes. Yet much of the data necessary to ensure compliance with water licences and access entitlements is not publicly available in Australia. This absence of publicly accessible information is due to a lack of rigour and transparency in statutory water accounting regimes. There are also restrictions imposed by water legislation and the laws of privacy and confidentiality that prevent public access to water accounting data, except in aggregated form. Consequently, commercial and industrial water consumers in Australia are not kept accountable for their consumptive water use and water market objectives are unfulfilled, contrary to the express provisions of the Intergovernmental Agreement on a National Water Initiative (‘NWI’). This article argues that statutory and policy frameworks for water accounting in most Australian jurisdictions fail to meet the NWI objectives for national water accounting. In response, it advocates legislative reforms that would facilitate the achievement of these objectives.
The Nature of Merits Review: A Bold Vision Realised in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal
Authors: Allars Margaret 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article examines the nature of merits review, focusing upon the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. Some forms of merits review are less than full merits review and some are hybrid merits review. It is contended that a proper appreciation of merits review may expose misperceptions concealed in some claims that judicial review resembles merits review.
Disclosing Lawyers: Questioning Law and Process in the Admission of Australian Lawyers
Authors: Bartlett Francesca , Haller Linda 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAustralian lawyers are assessed and admitted to practise at a state and territory level. An important part of that assessment is an applicant's ‘suitability’ for professional practise; also referred to as the ‘character test’ of personal morality. This test requires applicants for admission to disclose relevant information about themselves including past conduct and (in at least one state) mental health status. Very little information about the process of admission is available. Around the country, we do not know how the character test is currently administered, how many applicants reveal past conduct, and how many are refused admission.This article focuses on the three largest jurisdictions of New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland. It traces their varying approaches to admission; from legislative provision, court interpretation to administrative approach. It also examines some rare data about disclosure patterns on applying for admission. The resulting analysis raises concerns about a range of matters relating to admission to legal practice in Australia. It is argued that the secrecy of process is unjustified; and there is lack of confidentiality, certainty, and possibly fairness, ensured for applicants, particularly where issues of mental health arise. Finally, it is argued that there is a great difference in law and process between the states considered. While the ostensible goal of protection of the public is the same, the approach is far from that.
In A Fix: Fixed-Term Parliaments in the Australian States
Authors: Congdon Peter 
Published: January 2018

AbstractConstitutional systems of Westminster heritage are increasingly moving towards fixed-term parliaments to, amongst other things, prevent the Premier or Prime Minister opportunistically calling a ‘snap election’. Amongst the Australian states, qualified fixed-term parliaments currently exist in New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria. Queensland, Tasmania and Western Australia have also deliberated over whether to establish similar fixed-term parliaments. However, manner and form provisions in those states' constitutions entrench the Parliament's duration, Governor's Office and dissolution power. In Western Australia and Queensland, unlike Tasmania, such provisions are doubly entrenched. This article considers whether these entrenching provisions present legal obstacles to constitutional amendments establishing fixed-term parliaments in those two states. This involves examining whether laws fixing parliamentary terms fall within section 6 of the Australia Acts 1986 (Cth) & (UK). The article concludes by examining recent amendments to the Electoral Act 1907 (WA) designed to enable fixed election dates in Western Australia without requiring a successful referendum.
Higgins' Argument for Section 116 of the Constitution
Authors: Beck Luke 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe argument that led to the inclusion of s 116 of the Constitution, a provision that provides a limited guarantee of religious freedom in Australia, has not been properly understood. The standard account of the argument presented by the proponent of the clause, Henry Bournes Higgins, holds that it was included to ensure that no inferential power to legislate with respect to religion could be drawn from the religious words of the constitutional preamble. This article argues that the standard account of Higgins' argument is wrong and that the substance of Higgins' concern was a realisation that the Commonwealth's enumerated powers were wide enough to authorise legislation dealing with religion.