bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keragaman Jenis Tumbuhan di Cagar Alam Gunung Celering
Authors: Kalima Titi , Heriyanto N. M. 
Published: February 2017

<p>Plant Diversity in the Mount Celering Nature Reserve. Titi Kalima and Nur M. Heriyanto. Study of the plant species diversity in the Nature Reserve of Mount Celering (CAGC) Jepara, Central Java, was carried out from April to May 2008, with aimed to get information about plant diversity after natural disasters and encroachment. The method used was the checkered path with length of 500 m and width of 20 m, made of three lines cut slopes. The research was found 32 species, 29 genera, and 21 families. Tree level was dominated by Hibiscus macrophyllus Roxb. (IVI = 26.75%), Artocarpus elasticus Blume (IVI = 26.53%), and Alseodaphne umbelliflora Blume. (IVI = 22.75%). Saplings by Syzygium acuminatissimum (Blume) A.DC. (IVI = 23.86%), Dipterocarpus hasseltii Blume (IVI = 18.71%), and Artocarpus elasticus Blume (IVI = 18.52%). Six species of endangered trees were Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br., Alstonia angustifolia Wall, D. hasseltii Blume, Parkia javanica (Lamk.) Merr., Stelechocarpus burahol Hk.f.et Th., Sterculia cordata Blume.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian keragaman jenis tumbuhan di Cagar Alam Gunung Celering (CAGC) Jepara, Jawa Tengah, dilakukan bulan April sampai dengan Mei 2008 dengan tujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang keragaman jenis tumbuhan pasca bencana alam dan perambahan. Metode yang digunakan adalah jalur berpetak dengan panjang 500 m dan lebar 20 m, dibuat tiga jalur memotong lereng. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan 32 jenis, 29 genera, dan 21 famili. Tingkat pohon didominasi Hibiscus macrophyllus Roxb. (INP = 26,75%), Artocarpus elasticus Blume (INP = 26,53%), dan Alseodaphne umbelliflora Blume. (INP = 22,75%). Anakan pohon oleh Syzygium acuminatissimum (Blume) A.DC. (INP = 23,86%), Dipterocarpus hasseltii Blume (INP = 18,71%), dan Artocarpus elasticus Blume (INP = 18,52%). Enam jenis pohon yang termasuk katagori kritis dan terancam punah yaitu Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br., Alstonia angustifolia Wall, D. hasseltii Blume, Parkia javanica (Lamk.) Merr., Stelechocarpus burahol Hk.f.et Th., Sterculia cordata Blume.</p>
Pengaruh Iradiasi Ultraviolet terhadap Multiplikasi Tunas Aksiler dan Kadar Klorofil Anyelir (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)
Authors: Afza Higa , Iriawati NFN 
Published: February 2017

<p>Ultraviolet (UV) is one of the lights spectrum that causes plant cell to damage. The use of ultraviolet irradiation in combination with tissue culture techniques has not been widely used in somaclonal variation method for carnation breeding, whereas the source of ultraviolet irradiation is more easily obtained compared to other sources of irradiation such as gamma rays, x-rays and neutron rays. The purpose of this study was to determine effect of ultraviolet irradiation on the multiplication of axillary shoot in carnation. Explants of internode stem of carnation were grown in multiplication medium Murashige Skoog (MS) consisted of 10-7 M NAA and 5.10-6 M BAP. After four times subculture, the culture bottles were exposed to ultraviolet light C with some variation of irradiation time in combination with storage in light or dark. The results showed that ultraviolet light can reduce the number of shoots formed, shoot length and chlorophyll content of carnation. Based on the results obtained, ultraviolet radiation affected the organs of plants that were formed, but did not cause meristem activity to a standstil.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Sinar ultraviolet (UV) merupakan salah satu sinar gelombang pendek yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel tumbuhan. Penggunaan iradiasi ultraviolet yang dikombinasikan dengan teknik kultur jaringan belum banyak digunakan untuk menginduksi keragaman somaklonal dalam pemuliaan anyelir. Padahal sumber iradiasi ultraviolet lebih mudah diperoleh dibanding dengan sumber iradiasi lain, seperti sinar gamma, sinar x, dan sinar neutron. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengamati pengaruh iradiasi ultraviolet terhadap multiplikasi tunas aksiler anyelir. Eksplan buku batang anyelir ditanam pada medium multiplikasi, terdiri atas medium Murashige Skoog (MS) ditambah dengan 10-7 M NAA dan 5.10-6 M BAP. Setelah dilakukan empat kali subkultur, botol kultur dipaparkan pada lampu ultraviolet C dengan beberapa variasi lama waktu penyinaran yang dikombinasikan dengan penyimpanan di tempat terang atau gelap. Sinar ultraviolet ternyata dapat menurunkan panjang ruas, jumlah tunas aksiler yang terbentuk dan kadar klorofil anyelir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iradiasi ultraviolet berpengaruh terhadap organ tanaman yang sudah terbentuk, tetapi tidak menghentikan aktivitas jaringan meristem.</p>
Pengaruh Pengunjung terhadap Perilaku dan Pola Konsumsi Rusa Timor (Rusa timorensis de Blainville 1822) di Penangkaran Hutan Penelitian Dramaga
Authors: Amiati Dewi Ayu , Masyud Burhanuddin , Garsetiasih R. 
Published: February 2017

<p>Timor deer (Rusa timorensis de Blainville 1822) known as java deers are native Indonesian fauna, mostly found ex situ. Deers in captivity can be an attraction object of tourism. The research was conducted from March to April 2013 at Dramaga Research Forest, Situ Gede Village, Bogor City. Dramaga research forest was build on 1956 as an arboretum with 127 tree species. The purpose of this research was to identify deer feed given by visitors in captivity, changes in behavior and consumption patterns. The feed given by visitors to deer was about 89% convolvulus, 8% carrots, 2% leaves, and 1% wild grasses. The feed meets the basic needs of a deer with convolvulus containing 8,93% protein and carrots containing 19,99% protein. The results of statistical test by chi-square indicate that no real influence on the behavior and consumption patterns of the deers in captivity, but nominally show some changes decrease of persentation. Consumption pattern and social behaviour increased, while resting, locomotion, and ruminational behaviours decreased.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Rusa timor (Rusa timorensis de Blainville 1822) merupakan rusa asli Indonesia yang populasinya banyak ditemukan di luar habitat aslinya, khususnya di penangkaran. Rusa dapat menjadi daya tarik wisata di penangkaran, karena tampilannya yang menarik. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai April 2013 di Hutan Penelitian (HP) Dramaga, Kelurahan Situ Gede, Kecamatan Bogor Barat, Kota Bogor. Hutan Penelitian Dramaga dibangun tahun 1956 dengan tujuan sebagai koleksi tanaman dengan 127 jenis pohon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi pakan rusa yang diberikan pengunjung di penangkaran Dramaga, perubahan perilaku dan pola konsumsi. Metode pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan langsung di lapang dengan focal animal sampling dan metode pengambilan data one-zero sampling terhadap perilaku dan pola konsumsi rusa, wawancara dengan pengunjung serta studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis pakan yang diberikan oleh pengunjung meliputi 89% kangkung, 8% wortel, 2% daun-daun, dan 1% rumput lapang. Jenis pakan memiliki nilai gizi yang dapat mencukupi kebutuhan rusa di penangkaran. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan oleh pengunjung tidak berpengaruh terhadap perubahan perilaku dan pola konsumsi harian rusa. Tetapi secara nominal menunjukkan adanya perubahan perilaku makan dan sosial yang meningkat, perilaku istirahat, lokomosi, dan mamah biak yang menurun. Perubahan tersebut berpengaruh pada kegiatan biologis rusa, dan diduga dapat mengganggu kesehatan.</p>
Turbulence Effects during Transient and Boundary-Dominated Flow in Reservoirs with Storage and Skin Damage with Applicability in Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Class 1&2 and Normally Pressured Class 3
Authors: Kome Melvin N. , Amro Mohd 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Reservoir characterization with well test analysis has seen huge improvements in the last decade. Although the challenges are huge, especially with unconventional reservoirs, more still has to be done with respect to reducing the non-uniqueness of the reservoir responses by deriving representative conceptual models. As an effort to improve on the accuracy of well test analysis, a well test model accounting for both transient and boundary dominated turbulent effects was developed, which will reduce erroneous estimation of formation permeability, especially for analysis of single well tests.
The turbulence effects in well test analysis are known to be accounted for in the ideal reservoir responses by simply superposing the turbulent part of the Forchheimer-Darcy equation in the steady state form. Other numerical methods have been addressed in the past like in the works of [1] and [2]. As of now, very little has been done to analytically characterize turbulence (Non-Darcy) effects in well test models from early to late time periods of reservoir flow.
The model developed in this work utilizes the conventional Forchheimer-Darcy model with a linearization method for deriving the general solution, by adopting the effective fluid velocity in the diffusivity equation, which is a function of the Forchheimer number. By reapplying the Forchheimer equation to the boundary conditions, we obtain a solution to the model. Damage skin here is addressed based on the composite reservoir model.
The model clearly shows that by considering the transient turbulence effects, even the derivatives during IARF and boundary flow are turbulent dominated and a function of the flow rate for pressure transient analysis (PTA). Hence the permeability derived from the derivative during IARF is a Non-Darcy permeability. The conventional method applied in deducing the damage skin from the non-Darcy skin is actually applicable to the permeability derived during IARF. The errors made in the past with respect to deriving permeability, the turbulent skin and subsequently the damage skin for reservoirs with turbulent flow during PTA will be highlighted.
The model shows clearly the effects of analyzing data in transient flow period and the possible errors made in the past with respect to permeability and damage skin. The error which however become insignificant during boundary dominated flow.
Combination of Array Dielectric Measurements and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Data for Better Fluid Identification in the Urho Tight Conglomerate Oil Reservoir, Junggar Basin
Authors: Youguo Sun , Cheng Liang , Hanlin Liu , Xin Meng , Qing Wang , Jinlong Wu , Xianran Zhao , Ghosh Krishnendu 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The Upper Urho Sandy Conglomerate Reservoir in Xinjiang oilfield features complex lithology, low porosity and low permeability, and a majority of secondary pores with poor connectivity. Due to those characteristics, the log responses are complicated and it is difficult to determine the oil saturation with conventional resistivity method. In this paper, the reservoir heterogeneity was studied based on image logs and nuclear magnetic data, and oil saturation was calculated using array dielectric data. An integrated reservoir evaluation and fluid identification approach was established and applied in five wells located in different fault blocks. The testing results from four of them have proved the effectiveness of the proposed method. This is the first time to use array dielectric tool to identify fluid type in conglomerate reservoir with volcanic matters, and it has been introduced to similar oil reservoirs in other oilfields, which also obtained good application effect.
Bridging Skill Gaps — Leading By Example
Authors: Dahaini Faisal , Davies Robert P. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper ranges from company programs to "on-the-job" field reinforcement of attitudinal mindset changes in personnel. Operational excellence (OE) leverages our reputation for safety and efficiency, and builds on processes that exhibit excellence in parts of the business to ensure all aspects are standardized for all company organizations. This document focuses on enabling OE through immersing employees in innovative standards, and rewarding individuals for using concepts with opportunities for advancement based on performance rather than retention.
The Drilling and Workover Organization (D&WO) is tasked with shifting the attention of workforce personnel to the development of local talent. Rig site meetings enhance the front-line workforce personnel on how OE will make their lives safer, more educational, and more productive, and provide more varied career opportunities. Workplace personnel with a human resource, i.e., Knowledge Transfer Subject Matter Expert (KT SME), assigned to a 28/28 schedule for reminding, encouraging, and providing training that increases the workforce's chances of career progression is an effective means of ensuring consistency by using OE as a tool for achieving successful, long lasting careers.
Results of intellectually planned changes in approach to industry practices requires measureable objectives. These quantifiable items have to be backed by hard data. For data to be accurate there has to be a means of recording, comparing, and determining whether competencies indicate an improvement to existing company standards. Universal Recourse Locators were developed by KT internally for this purpose and utilized via the company's intranet. Local Talent Development utilizes the results of data gathered by the Knowledge Transfer Management System (KTMS) to provide management with tools necessary for making decisions about the workforce. The program is controlled by KT SMEs that provide the dynamic data entry of the competencies of workforce employees to the KTMS from remote rig sites. The KT SMEs are available in the field using "hands-on" techniques that follow OE and KT competency maps (CMap) and competency steps for each rig, craft, and employee. The KT SME transfers his OE expertise to the workforce at the rig site. KT SMEs use OE, competencies, company safety regulations, and awareness for the protection of company equipment and KT to employees consistent with their priority training objectives.
The company allowed the KT Group to innovate by providing free space in developing management approved objectives for recording of data for aiding workforce decision making, i.e., KTMS. The KTMS is a unique tool in illustrating dynamic beginnings and presenting the competency progress of 338 men. The tool divides their competencies into four parts, which allow personnel to be judged on what they are competent in and on what they need to spend time for self-development.
Will it or won't it flow!! - A Novel Approach to Understand and Characterize the Fractures for Fluid Conductivity in Basement Reservoirs
Authors: Augustine M. , Murthy A. V. , Boindala Amitha , Bahuguna Somesh , Talreja Rahul , Pattanaik Sambit , Kalita Deepika , Das Sourav 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Madanam field in Cauvery basin in the east coast of India, has fractured gneissic basement. As exploration focus moved to unconventional reservoirs, the gneissic basement of Madanam was seen as a potential reservoir. However, ambiguity existed about the fluid flow through the basement. For example, in Madanam field, one well (well A) flowed whereas another well (well B) located 8.5 km away had minor flow from the basement reservoir that lasted 2 days. The main purpose of this study was to find possible reasons for this anomalous behavior. This study was conducted by integrating sonic and image measurements with a geomechanics workflow to identify critically stressed open fractures. Further, this work aims to provide a fit-for-purpose solution to optimize and prioritize testing zone selection in near real time.
Reservoir Geomechanics in Carbonates
Authors: Hamid Osman , Omair Ahmed , Guizada Pablo 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Development of formations with stress sensitivity is raising awareness that Geomechanics is a vital aspect of future management. Understanding geomechanical behavior is becoming more and more important for the petroleum industry. It has been reported by many authors (e.g. Herwanger and Koutsableloulis 2011) that, significant changes in pore pressure (ΔP) due to depletion or injection in weak formation might lead to increase in effective stress, compaction, reduction in porosity and permeability, casing deformation, failure and subsidence, challenges in fracturing the formation, closing and opening pre-existing fracture fault re-activation and bedding parallel slippage. The deformations affect the apparent time-shifts from seismic surveys of under- and overburden.
The changes in stresses/strain affect the formation of interest as well as the overburden layers and directly affect all operations such as drilling, completion and production strategies because of permeability reduction. Stress affects nearly all petrophysical properties. Compaction, shear casing and well damage, cap-rock integrity, fault reactivation and sand production can occur during Formation depletion.
A coupled Finite Element approach is taken for modeling Geomechanical effects induced by production/injection and the cycle dependence between pore fluid flow and def of the tight carbonate, which impact hydrocarbon production. Using Visage, the finite element analysis model for the geomechanical analysis and the fluid flow simulator Eclipse for ΔP determination, this work looks at ΔP – stress coupling, which has significant implications for porosity/permeability reduction.
To address these issues, a conceptual two-way coupling model has been constructed using Finite Element method and Eclipse; the results show that, change in pressure has some implications on porosity and pereability. Both 3D and 4D Geomechanical models were developed that describe the state of stresses in the weak formation and overburden as well as changes in stress over time with either production or injection.
Predicting Heat Flow and Determining Crustal Type Based on Integrated Interpretation of Seismic, Gravity and Magnetic Data in the Offshore Jazan Area, Southern Red Sea
Authors: Salem Ahmed , Hussein Walid , Ion Dumitru , Bruno Priscilla Silva , Wu Schuman , Borsato Ronald 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Predicting heat flow in constrain modeling of a petroleum system in the Red Sea is a significant exploration challenge. In this study, we developed an integrated workflow to utilize seismic, magnetic and gravity data in the offshore Jazan area of the Red Sea to build a crustal model and to identify crustal type. Depth to Curie temperature was estimated from magnetic data and used together with thermal properties of the rocks to predict present-day heat flow for the interpreted crustal model. The predicted heat flow shows a generally increasing trend toward the rift axis due to an elevated asthenosphere boundary that is consistent with a thinned crust model. The model of thinning continental lithosphere and predicted heat flow derived from the integrated workflow provides valuable constraints to reduce the uncertainties in basin modeling.
Tight Hydrocarbon Exploration Potential in Central Onshore Abu Dhabi Giant Field
Authors: Taher Ahmed , Al Aryani Fatima , Al Zaabi Mohamed R. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
As the super-giant fields in the area continue to produce their hydrocarbon resources, there is a natural decline in production as the easy to access resources are going to be depleted in a few decades.
Finding additional oil and gas resources to replace the produced hydrocarbon is representing major challenge. The hydrocarbon saturated tight layers, found in the super-giant onshore field, could represent an example for finding additional hydrocarbon volume that accumulated in a difficult trap style. The central onshore field tight layers were found in the successions extended from the Lower Cretaceous, Thamama Group down into the Upper Permian Khuff formation.
The high hydrocarbon saturation found in the Thamama tight layers was previously interpreted as residual oil left behind during the vertical oil migration from the Upper Jurassic Hanifa source rock into the Thamama reservoirs. However, the current charge model assumes a lateral westward hydrocarbon migration from east onshore Abu Dhabi through the Thamama reservoirs and towards the major Abu Dhabi central onshore fields. The charge filling started from the top of the structure and down into the spill point and filled both, the porous and tight layers (figure 3). The differences are in the reservoir properties, which by using the technology improvement in the horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing, the tight zones hopefully will produce a significant volume of hydrocarbon.
The Lower Jurassic and Triassic formations were not previously considered as exploration objectives. Only one well penetrated these formations and it was targeting the deeper Khuff reservoirs. Several attempts were made to test some of these formations, but they were found to be completely tight. The water recovered from such testings was most probably drilling fluids.
The Khuff reservoirs high gas shows while drilling, the high hydrocarbon saturation of its interpreted logs do not match its negative testing results. The cause of failure is most probably related to the formation damage and the classical tools and methods used in the production test. In addition to that, the cement jobs were not quite successful, which will allow for the water leakage behind the casing.
Development and Evaluation of Foam-Based Conformance Control for a High Salinity and High Temperature Carbonate
Authors: Fuseni Alhasan B. , Julaih Ali H. , Al-Aseeri Abdulrahman A. , AlSofi Abdulkareem M. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Carbonate reservoirs’ extreme heterogeneity in the form of fracture corridors and super-permeability thief zones present challenges to the efficient sweep of oil in both secondary and tertiary recovery operations. In such reservoirs, conformance control is crucial to ensure injected water and any EOR chemicals optimally contact the remaining oil with minimal throughput. Foam-based conformance control is a relatively new technology especially its use for in-depth diversion in high salinity high temperature conditions. In this work, a laboratory study was conducted to develop and evaluate a foam-based conformance control technology for application in a high salinity and high temperature carbonate. Foaming agents were first screened for their suitability with regard to reservoir temperature and salinity where properties such as foamability and foam stability were measured. The best performing surfactants were then used to study the mobility reduction across a core composite at reservoir temperature and pressure. Foam stability and decay were also investigated in those permeability reduction experiments. Brine and crude oil were injected after foam formation and pressure drops and sustainability of mobility reduction were quantified. The improvement in reservoir contact and hence oil recovery were examined by oil displacement experiments conducted in specially prepared heterogeneous composites.
For the studied conditions of high salinity and high temperature, foaming agents of the amphoteric family as well as a special blend were found suitable in terms of salt tolerance and foam stability. The mobility reduction due to foam was 12 times without oil and 6 times in the presence of oil. Oil recovery improvement with foam application was also found to be significant. These results demonstrate the potential of the identified foam system and its favorable impact on sweep efficiency despite the harsh salinity and temperature conditions of the studied carbonate reservoir.