bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time measurements of spontaneous breathers and rogue wave events in optical fibre modulation instability
Authors: Närhi Mikko , Wetzel Benjamin , Billet Cyril , Toenger Shanti , Sylvestre Thibaut , Merolla Jean-Marc , Morandotti Roberto , Dias Frederic , Genty Goëry , Dudley John M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractModulation instability is a fundamental process of nonlinear science, leading to the unstable breakup of a constant amplitude solution of a physical system. There has been particular interest in studying modulation instability in the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation, a generic model for a host of nonlinear systems including superfluids, fibre optics, plasmas and Bose–Einstein condensates. Modulation instability is also a significant area of study in the context of understanding the emergence of high amplitude events that satisfy rogue wave statistical criteria. Here, exploiting advances in ultrafast optical metrology, we perform real-time measurements in an optical fibre system of the unstable breakup of a continuous wave field, simultaneously characterizing emergent modulation instability breather pulses and their associated statistics. Our results allow quantitative comparison between experiment, modelling and theory, and are expected to open new perspectives on studies of instability dynamics in physics.
Fluorination-enabled optimal morphology leads to over 11% efficiency for inverted small-molecule organic solar cells
Authors: Deng Dan , Zhang Yajie , Zhang Jianqi , Wang Zaiyu , Zhu Lingyun , Fang Jin , Xia Benzheng , Wang Zhen , Lu Kun , Ma Wei , Wei Zhixiang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSolution-processable small molecules for organic solar cells have attracted intense attention for their advantages of definite molecular structures compared with their polymer counterparts. However, the device efficiencies based on small molecules are still lower than those of polymers, especially for inverted devices, the highest efficiency of which is <9%. Here we report three novel solution-processable small molecules, which contain π-bridges with gradient-decreased electron density and end acceptors substituted with various fluorine atoms (0F, 1F and 2F, respectively). Fluorination leads to an optimal active layer morphology, including an enhanced domain purity, the formation of hierarchical domain size and a directional vertical phase gradation. The optimal morphology balances charge separation and transfer, and facilitates charge collection. As a consequence, fluorinated molecules exhibit excellent inverted device performance, and an average power conversion efficiency of 11.08% is achieved for a two-fluorine atom substituted molecule.
An antireflection transparent conductor with ultralow optical loss (<2 %) and electrical resistance (<6 Ω sq−1)
Authors: Maniyara Rinu Abraham , Mkhitaryan Vahagn K. , Chen Tong Lai , Ghosh Dhriti Sundar , Pruneri Valerio 
Published: December 2016

AbstractTransparent conductors are essential in many optoelectronic devices, such as displays, smart windows, light-emitting diodes and solar cells. Here we demonstrate a transparent conductor with optical loss of ∼1.6%, that is, even lower than that of single-layer graphene (2.3%), and transmission higher than 98% over the visible wavelength range. This was possible by an optimized antireflection design consisting in applying Al-doped ZnO and TiO2 layers with precise thicknesses to a highly conductive Ag ultrathin film. The proposed multilayer structure also possesses a low electrical resistance (5.75 Ω sq−1), a figure of merit four times larger than that of indium tin oxide, the most widely used transparent conductor today, and, contrary to it, is mechanically flexible and room temperature deposited. To assess the application potentials, transparent shielding of radiofrequency and microwave interference signals with ∼30 dB attenuation up to 18 GHz was achieved.
Linkages between oral commensal bacteria and atherosclerotic plaques in coronary artery disease patients
Authors: Chhibber-Goel Jyoti , Singhal Varsha , Bhowmik Debaleena , Vivek Rahul , Parakh Neeraj , Bhargava Balram , Sharma Amit 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCoronary artery disease is an inflammatory disorder characterized by narrowing of coronary arteries due to atherosclerotic plaque formation. To date, the accumulated epidemiological evidence supports an association between oral bacterial diseases and coronary artery disease, but has failed to prove a causal link between the two. Due to the recent surge in microbial identification and analyses techniques, a number of bacteria have been independently found in atherosclerotic plaque samples from coronary artery disease patients. In this study, we present meta-analysis from published studies that have independently investigated the presence of bacteria within atherosclerotic plaque samples in coronary artery disease patients. Data were collated from 63 studies covering 1791 patients spread over a decade. Our analysis confirms the presence of 23 oral commensal bacteria, either individually or in co-existence, within atherosclerotic plaques in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, catheter-based atherectomy, or similar procedures. Of these 23 bacteria, 5 (Campylobacter rectus,Porphyromonas gingivalis,Porphyromonas endodontalis,Prevotella intermedia,Prevotella nigrescens) are unique to coronary plaques, while the other 18 are additionally present in non-cardiac organs, and associate with over 30 non-cardiac disorders. We have cataloged the wide spectrum of proteins secreted by above atherosclerotic plaque-associated bacteria, and discuss their possible roles during microbial migration via the bloodstream. We also highlight the prevalence of specific poly-microbial communities within atherosclerotic plaques. This work provides a resource whose immediate implication is the necessity to systematically catalog landscapes of atherosclerotic plaque-associated oral commensal bacteria in human patient populations.
RNA sequencing analysis of the developing chicken retina
Authors: Langouet-Astrie Christophe J. , Meinsen Annamarie L. , Grunwald Emily R. , Turner Stephen D. , Enke Raymond A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRNA sequencing transcriptome analysis using massively parallel next generation sequencing technology provides the capability to understand global changes in gene expression throughout a range of tissue samples. Development of the vertebrate retina requires complex temporal orchestration of transcriptional activation and repression. The chicken embryo (Gallus gallus) is a classic model system for studying developmental biology and retinogenesis. Existing retinal transcriptome projects have been critical to the vision research community for studying aspects of murine and human retinogenesis, however, there are currently no publicly available data sets describing the developing chicken retinal transcriptome. Here we used Illumina RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis to characterize the mRNA transcriptome of the developing chicken retina in an effort to identify genes critical for retinal development in this important model organism. These data will be valuable to the vision research community for characterizing global changes in gene expression between ocular tissues and critical developmental time points during retinogenesis in the chicken retina.
Nonequilibrium description of de novo biogenesis and transport through Golgi-like cisternae
Authors: Sachdeva Himani , Barma Mustansir , Rao Madan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA central issue in cell biology is the physico-chemical basis of organelle biogenesis in intracellular trafficking pathways, its most impressive manifestation being the biogenesis of Golgi cisternae. At a basic level, such morphologically and chemically distinct compartments should arise from an interplay between the molecular transport and chemical maturation. Here, we formulate analytically tractable, minimalist models, that incorporate this interplay between transport and chemical progression in physical space, and explore the conditions for de novo biogenesis of distinct cisternae. We propose new quantitative measures that can discriminate between the various models of transport in a qualitative manner–this includes measures of the dynamics in steady state and the dynamical response to perturbations of the kind amenable to live-cell imaging.
High frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in Italian children: a nationwide longitudinal study, 2004–2013
Authors: Cherubini Valentino , Skrami Edlira , Ferrito Lucia , Zucchini Stefano , Scaramuzza Andrea , Bonfanti Riccardo , Buono Pietro , Cardella Francesca , Cauvin Vittoria , Chiari Giovanni , d′Annunzio Giuseppe , Frongia Anna Paola , Iafusco Dario , Patera Ippolita Patrizia , Toni Sonia , Tumini Stefano , Rabbone Ivana , Lombardo Fortunato , Carle Flavia , Gesuita Rosaria ,   Diabetes Study Group of the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED), Lera Riccardo , De Luna Livia , Gualtieri Antonella , Zecchino Clara , Piccinno Elvira , Reinstadler Petra , Prandi Elena , Gallo Francesco , Morganti Gianfranco , Ripoli Carlo , La Loggia Alfonso , Scanu Piera , Cardinale Giuliana , Tomaselli Letizia Grazia , Citriniti Felice , Lazzaro Nicola , De Donno Valeria , Mainetti Benedetta , Coccioli Maria Susanna , Maccioni Rosella , Marongiu Ugo , Bruzzese Mariella , Iannilli Antonio , Pardi Daniela , Confetto Santino , Zanfardino Angela , Iughetti Lorenzo , Franzese Adriana , Cadario Francesco , Milia Anna Franca , Piredda Gavina , Soro Miriam , Correddu Antonella , Galderisi Alfonso , De Berardinis Fiorella , Federico Giovanni , Zanette Giorgio , Suprani Tosca , Pedini Annalisa , Bitti Maria Luisa Manca , Delvecchio Maurizio , Trada Michela , Meloni Gianfranco , Gaiero Alberto , Bulciolu Pasquale , Guerraggio Lucia , Faleschini Elena , Zanatta Manuela , Salvatoni Alessandro , Maffeis Claudio , Arnaldi Claudia 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis longitudinal population-based study analyses the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at type 1 diabetes diagnosis in Italian children under 15 years of age, during 2004–2013. DKA was defined as absent (pH ≥ 7.30), mild/moderate (7.1 ≤ pH < 7.30) and severe (pH < 7.1). Two multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate the time trend of DKA frequency considered as present versus absent and severe versus absent, adjusted for gender, age group and geographical area of residence at diagnosis. Overall, 9,040 cases were ascertained. DKA frequency was 40.3% (95%CI: 39.3–41.4%), with 29.1% and 11.2% for mild/moderate and severe DKA, respectively. Severe DKA increased significantly during the period (OR = 1.03, 95%CI: 1.003–1.05). Younger-age children and children living in Southern Italy compared to Central Italy were at significantly higher risk of DKA and severe DKA. Family history of type 1 diabetes and residence in Sardinia compared to Central Italy were significantly associated with a lower probability of DKA and severe DKA. The high frequency of ketoacidosis in Italy over time and high variability among age groups and geographical area of residence, strongly suggests a continuing need for nationwide healthcare strategies to increase awareness of early detection of diabetes.
Enhancing mung bean hydration using the ultrasound technology: description of mechanisms and impact on its germination and main components
Authors: Miano Alberto Claudio , Pereira Jessica da Costa , Castanha Nanci , Júnior Manoel Divino da Matta , Augusto Pedro Esteves Duarte 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe ultrasound technology was successfully used to improve the mass transfer processes on food. However, the study of this technology on the grain hydration and on its main components properties was still not appropriately described. This work studied the application of the ultrasound technology on the hydration process of mung beans (Vigna radiata). This grain showed sigmoidal hydration behavior with a specific water entrance pathway. The ultrasound reduced ~25% of the hydration process time. In addition, this technology caused acceleration of the seed germination – and some hypothesis for this enhancement were proposed. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the ultrasound did not change both structure and pasting properties of the bean starch. Finally, the flour rheological properties proved that the ultrasound increased its apparent viscosity, and as the starch was not modified, this alteration was attributed to the proteins. All these results are very desirable for industry since the ultrasound technology improves the hydration process without altering the starch properties, accelerates the germination process (that is important for the malting and sprouting process) and increases the flour apparent viscosity, which is desirable to produce bean-based products that need higher consistency.
Anode potential influences the structure and function of anodic electrode and electrolyte-associated microbiomes
Authors: Dennis Paul G. , Virdis Bernardino , Vanwonterghem Inka , Hassan Alif , Hugenholtz Phil , Tyson Gene W. , Rabaey Korneel 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThree bioelectrochemical systems were operated with set anode potentials of +300 mV, +550 mV and +800 mV vs. Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) to test the hypothesis that anode potential influences microbial diversity and is positively associated with microbial biomass and activity. Bacterial and archaeal diversity was characterized using 16 S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and biofilm thickness was measured as a proxy for biomass. Current production and substrate utilization patterns were used as measures of microbial activity and the mid-point potentials of putative terminal oxidases were assessed using cyclic voltammetry. All measurements were performed after 4, 16, 23, 30 and 38 days. Microbial biomass and activity differed significantly between anode potentials and were lower at the highest potential. Anodic electrode and electrolyte associated community composition was also significantly influenced by anode potential. While biofilms at +800 mV were thinner, transferred less charge and oxidized less substrate than those at lower potentials, they were also associated with putative terminal oxidases with higher mid-point potentials and generated more biomass per unit charge. This indicates that microbes at +800 mV were unable to capitalize on the potential for additional energy gain due to a lack of adaptive traits to high potential solid electron acceptors and/or sensitivity to oxidative stress.
Brain networks for visual creativity: a functional connectivity study of planning a visual artwork
Authors: De Pisapia Nicola , Bacci Francesca , Parrott Danielle , Melcher David 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThroughout recorded history, and across cultures, humans have made visual art. In recent years, the neural bases of creativity, including artistic creativity, have become a topic of interest. In this study we investigated the neural bases of the visual creative process with both professional artists and a group of control participants. We tested the idea that creativity (planning an artwork) would influence the functional connectivity between regions involved in the default mode network (DMN), implicated in divergent thinking and generating novel ideas, and the executive control network (EN), implicated in evaluating and selecting ideas. We measured functional connectivity with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) during three different conditions: rest, visual imagery of the alphabet and planning an artwork to be executed immediately after the scanning session. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found stronger connectivity between areas of the DMN and EN during the creative task, and this difference was enhanced in professional artists. These findings suggest that creativity involves an expert balance of two brain networks typically viewed as being in opposition.
Transcriptomic profiling of microglia reveals signatures of cell activation and immune response, during experimental cerebral malaria
Authors: Capuccini Barbara , Lin Jingwen , Talavera-López Carlos , Khan Shahid M. , Sodenkamp Jan , Spaccapelo Roberta , Langhorne Jean 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCerebral malaria is a pathology involving inflammation in the brain. There are many immune cell types activated during this process, but there is little information on the response of microglia, in this severe complication. We examined microglia by genome wide transcriptomic analysis in a model of experimental cerebral malaria (ECM), in which C57BL/6 mice are infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA. Thousands of transcripts were differentially expressed in microglia at two different time points during infection. Proliferation of microglia was a dominant feature before the onset of ECM, and supporting this, we observed an increase in numbers of these cells in the brain. When cerebral malaria symptoms were manifest, genes involved in immune responses and chemokine production were upregulated, which were possibly driven by Type I Interferon. Consistent with this hypothesis, in vitro culture of a microglial cell line with Interferon-β, but not infected red blood cells, resulted in production of several of the chemokines shown to be upregulated in the gene expression analysis. It appears that these responses are associated with ECM, as microglia from mice infected with a mutant P. berghei parasite (ΔDPAP3), which does not cause ECM, did not show the same level of activation or proliferation.
Topographic relationship between root apex of mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molar and lingual plate: cross-sectional analysis using CBCT
Authors: Wang Dongmiao , He Xiaotong , Wang Yanling , Zhou Guangchao , Sun Chao , Yang Lianfeng , Bai Jianling , Gao Jun , Wu Yunong , Cheng Jie 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe present study was aimed to determine the topographic relationship between root apex of the mesially and horizontally impacted mandibular third molar and lingual plate of mandible. The original cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of 364 teeth from 223 patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The topographic relationship between root apex and lingual plate on cross-sectional CBCT images was classified as non-contact (99), contact (145) and perforation (120). The cross-sectional morphology of lingual plate at the level of root apex was defined as parallel (28), undercut (38), slanted (29) and round (4). The distribution of topographic relationship between root apex and lingual plate significantly associated with gender, impaction depth, root number and lingual plate morphology. Moreover, the average bone thickness of lingual cortex and distance between root apex and the outer surface of lingual plate were 1.02 and 1.39 mm, respectively. Furthermore, multivariate regression analyses identified impaction depth and lingual plate morphology as the risk factors for the contact and perforation subtypes between root apex and lingual plate. Collectively, our findings reveal the topographic proximity of root apex of impacted mandibular third molar to the lingual plate, which might be associated with intraoperative and postoperative complications during tooth extraction.
Identification of cancer risk lncRNAs and cancer risk pathways regulated by cancer risk lncRNAs based on genome sequencing data in human cancers
Authors: Li Yiran , Li Wan , Liang Binhua , Li Liansheng , Wang Li , Huang Hao , Guo Shanshan , Wang Yahui , He Yuehan , Chen Lina , He Weiming 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. The complexity of cancer can be reduced to a small number of underlying principles like cancer hallmarks which could govern the transformation of normal cells to cancer. Besides, the growth and metastasis of cancer often relate to combined effects of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Here, we performed comprehensive analysis for lncRNA expression profiles and clinical data of six types of human cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and identified six risk pathways and twenty three lncRNAs. In addition, twenty three cancer risk lncRNAs which were closely related to the occurrence or development of cancer had a good classification performance for samples of testing datasets of six cancer datasets. More important, these lncRNAs were able to separate samples in the entire cancer dataset into high-risk group and low-risk group with significantly different overall survival (OS), which was further validated in ten validation datasets. In our study, the robust and effective cancer biomarkers were obtained from cancer datasets which had information of normal-tumor samples. Overall, our research can provide a new perspective for the further study of clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
KIF2A regulates the spindle assembly and the metaphase I-anaphase I transition in mouse oocyte
Authors: Chen Ming-Huang , Liu Yu , Wang Ya-Long , Liu Rui , Xu Bai-Hui , Zhang Fei , Li Fei-Ping , Xu Lin , Lin Yan-Hong , He Shu-Wen , Liao Bao-Qiong , Fu Xian-Pei , Wang Xiao-Xue , Yang Xiang-Jun , Wang Hai-Long 
Published: December 2016

AbstractKIF2A, a member of the kinesin-13 family, has been reported to play a role in spindle assembly in mitosis. However, its function in mammalian meiosis remains unknown. In this research, we examined the expression, localization and function of KIF2A during mouse oocyte meiosis. KIF2A was expressed in some key stages in mouse oocyte meiosis. Immunofluorescent staining showed that KIF2A distributed in the germinal vesicle at the germinal vesicle stage and as the spindle assembling after meiosis resumption, KIF2A gradually accumulated to the entire spindle. The treatment of oocytes with taxol and nocodazole demonstrated that KIF2A was co-localized with α-tubulin. Depletion of KIF2A by specific short interfering (si) RNA injection resulted in abnormal spindle assembly, failure of spindle migration, misaligned chromosomes and asymmetric cell division. Meanwhile, SKA1 expression level was decreased and the TACC3 localization was disrupted. Moreover, depletion of KIF2A disrupted the actin cap formation, arrested oocytes at metaphase I with spindle assembly checkpoint protein BubR1 activated and finally reduced the rate of the first polar body extrusion. Our data indicate that KIF2A regulates the spindle assembly, asymmetric cytokinesis and the metaphase I-anaphase I transition in mouse oocyte.