bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of neck-specific exercises with and without internet-based support on dizziness/unsteadiness in chronic whiplash-associated disorders: Secondary analyses of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Peolsson Anneli , Wirqvist Sara , Kammerlind Ann-Sofi , Peterson Gunnel 
Published: October 2024

Aim
To investigate the effectiveness in individuals with chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WADs) of neck-specific exercise (NSE) supervised by a physiotherapist twice a week for 12 weeks versus neck-specific exercise with internet support and four physiotherapy visits (NSEIT) regarding dizziness, unsteadiness and balance, and to investigate the differences between WAD grades.

Method
This is a secondary analysis of a prospective randomised multicentre study (RCT) with concealed allocation (ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol ID: NCT03022812). The outcomes were dizziness measured on the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI); dizziness at rest and during activity and unsteadiness using visual analogue scales; and standing on one leg with eyes closed (SOLEC). Participants (n = 140) were randomised to NSE or NSEIT. Measurements were obtained at baseline, and at three- and 15-month follow-ups by assessor-blinded investigators.

Results
There were no significant differences between NSEIT and NSE in any of the outcomes (p>0.38). Both NSEIT and NSE improved over time (p<0.02; effect size (ES) = 0.74–1.01) in DHI score and dizziness during activity. There was a significant group-by-time interaction effect in dizziness (at rest: p = 0.035; ES: 0.66; and during activity: p = 0.016; ES: 1.24) between WAD grades. Individuals with WAD grade 3 had dizziness/unsteadiness to a greater extent and improved in all outcomes over time (p<0.04) compared to those with WAD grade 2, except for SOLEC.

Conclusions
There were no significant group differences between NSEIT and NSE. Both groups decreased in terms of self-reported dizziness (DHI, dizziness during activity), with medium to large effect size. Those with WAD grade 3 have dizziness/unsteadiness to a greater extent than those with WAD grade 2. Despite improvements, many participants still reported dizziness at 15-month follow-up, and additional balance training and/or vestibular exercise may be investigated for potential additional effect.
Ameliorative effects of Penthorum chinense Pursh on insulin resistance and oxidative stress in diabetic obesity db/db mice
Authors: Hu Jilei , Zheng Leyu , Fan Xi , Lang Hongmei , Xie Huibo , Lin Ning 
Published: October 2024

Background
Penthorum chinense Pursh (PCP), a medicinal and edible plant, has been reported to protect against liver damage by suppressing oxidative stress. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with liver dysfunction and oxidative stress. In the present study, we aim to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of PCP on db/db mice and further explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods
Thirty-two db/db mice were randomized into four groups, including a diabetic model control group (MC) and three diabetic groups treated with low (LPCP, 300 mg/kg/d), medium (MPLP, 600 mg/kg/d), and high doses of PCP (HPCP, 1200 mg/kg/d), and the normal control group (NC) of eight db/m mice were included. Mice in the NC and MC groups received the ultrapure water. After four weeks of intervention, parameters of fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin resistance (IR), blood lipid levels, hepatic oxidative stress, and enzymes related to hepatic glucose metabolism were compared in the groups.

Results
PCP administration significantly reduced FBG and IR in diabetic db/db mice, and improved hepatic glucose metabolism by increasing glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and glucokinase (GCK) protein expression. Meanwhile, PCP supplementation ameliorated hepatic oxidative stress by decreasing malonaldehyde content and increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in db/db mice. Furthermore, PCP treatment reduced obesity and food intake in db/db mice, and improved dyslipidemia demonstrated by increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) while decreasing total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). All doses of PCP treatment decreased the values of LDL-C/HDL-C in a dose-response relationship.

Conclusion
PCP significantly alleviated hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, and obesity, inhibited hepatic oxidative stress, and enhanced hepatic glucose transport in T2DM mice. Based on the above findings, the hypoglycemic effect of PCP may be attributed to the activation of the GLUT2/GCK expression in the liver and the reduction of hepatic oxidative stress.
Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Metastatic Gastric Cancer in a Real-World Setting: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Jourdain Hugo , Albin Nicolas , Monard Adrien , Desplas David , Zureik Mahmoud , Haddy Nadia 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has been approved for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive locally advanced or metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction (HER2+ mG/GEJ) cancer since July 2022 in France, through an accelerated approval. The aim of this study was to evaluate its real-world use.

METHODS:
We characterized T-DXd users treated for HER2+ mG/GEJ cancer using data from the French National Health Insurance database.

RESULTS:
The cohort included 196 patients, mostly men (78.1%), with a median age of 65 years. Median overall survival reached 7.7 months (95% CI: 6.2–9.0).

DISCUSSION:
Patients treated with T-DXd for HER2+ mG/GEJ cancer in the real world showed lower outcomes than those in pivotal clinical trials, consistent with previous reports on accelerated approvals.
Proximal Tubule Secretory Clearance, Injury, and Kidney Viability in Cirrhosis
Authors: Granda Michael L. , Luitweiler Eric , Prince David K. , Allegretti Andrew S. , Paine Cary , Pichler Raimund , Sibulesky Lena , Biggins Scott W. , Kestenbaum Bryan 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Cirrhosis affects all structures of the kidney, in particular the tubules, which are responsible for secretion of protein-bound metabolites and electrolyte/water homeostasis. Yet, prevailing assessments of kidney function focus solely on glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which may incompletely reflect these processes. We sought to characterize markers of tubular function, injury, and viability in patients with and without cirrhosis.

METHODS:
We recruited outpatients undergoing liver transplantation evaluation for a collection of plasma and 24-hour urine, matching by GFR to control participants without cirrhosis. We measured urinary kidney injury molecule-1, a marker of proximal tubular injury, as well as epidermal growth factor (EGF), a marker of viability necessary for tubular epithelial cell proliferation after injury. We also estimated secretory clearance by measuring several highly secreted endogenous metabolites in urine and plasma.

RESULTS:
We recruited 39 patients with cirrhosis (mean model for end-stage liver disease 17 ± 4, Child-Pugh 8 ± 2, estimated glomerular filtration rate 66 ± 20 mL/min/1.73 m2) and 58 GFR-matched controls without cirrhosis (estimated glomerular filtration rate 66 ± 21 mL/min/1.73 m2). Urinary kidney injury molecule-1 was 4.4-fold higher than controls (95% confidence interval: 2.9–6.5), and EGF averaged 7.41-fold higher than controls (95% confidence interval: 2.15–25.53). We found that of 8 solutes, 5 had significantly greater kidney clearance in cirrhosis (1.3–2.1-fold higher): indoxyl sulfate, p-cresol sulfate, pyridoxic acid, tiglylglycine, and xanthosine.

DISCUSSION:
Cirrhosis was characterized by molecular signs of tubular injury in stable outpatients without acute kidney injury, accompanied by largely preserved tubular secretory clearance and greater signs of tubular viability. Within the limitations of the study, this suggests a phenotype of chronic ischemic injury but with initial preservation of tubular function in cirrhosis.
PLA/PBAT blends for blown film extrusion
Authors: Ostrowska Justyna , Sadurski Waldemar , Paluch Magdalena , Dębowski Maciej , Wrona Olga , Sołtan Karolina , Tyński Piotr 
Published: October 2024

Films of biodegradable PLA/PBAT blends with PBAT content of 10–90 wt% were obtained by extrusion blowing. PLA/PBAT blends were characterized by FT-IR, DSC, TGA and SEM. Tensile properties and tear strength of the films were also determined. It was shown that despite thermodynamicimmiscibility of PLA and PBAT, addition of PBAT in amounts above 50 wt% allows obtaining films with good functional properties. Optimal properties were obtained with PBAT content of 60 or 70 wt%. Tensile strength was 36.7–38.7 MPa, elongation at break 357–388% and tear strength 11–22 N/mm.
Migration Intentions, Practice Environment, and Satisfaction among Nigerian Nurses: A Case Study
Authors: Olatubi Matthew Idowu , Alao Ifeoluwa Elizabeth , Fagbenle Mofiyinfoluwa Deborah , Ademuyiwa Grace Oluwaranti , Faremi Funmilola Adenike , Bello Cecilia Bukola 
Published: October 2024

Background: Nursing workforce migration is a function of the nursing practice environment and satisfaction with the general situation of their country of practice. There is a need to provide empirical data on the intent to migrate among nurses and satisfaction with the working environment in Nigeria.Purpose: This study assessed migration intention, favorability of practice environment, and level of satisfaction with the Nigerian environment among nurses in a private teaching hospital in Nigeria.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited participants using a simple random sampling technique. In all, 124 nurses participated in the study. Data was collected using the migration intention questionnaire, nursing practice environment scale, and satisfaction with Nigeria environment questionnaire. All ethical principles were adhered to. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) were used. Results: An overwhelming majority (95.2%) have the intention to migrate to other countries with 63.6% of them already in the migration process. Canada (34.8%) and the United Kingdom (33.9%) were the most sought-after countries. Nurse manager ability, leadership, and support scored highest on the favourability of the nursing practice environment (2.92±0.80) while staffing and resources inadequacy has the lowest score (2.63±0.68). Overall, 75.8% of the nurses describe their practice environment as favourable. Political conflicts and wars are the most dissatisfying areas of Nigeria's environment. Also, the majority 61.3% were dissatisfied with the Nigerian environment.Conclusion: The majority of the nurses who participated in the study are planning to migrate to another country. The majority of the nurses are not satisfied with Nigeria’s environment and they opined that their practice environment is unfavourable. There is a need to make the nursing practice environment more favorable to the nurses.
Minocycline mitigates sepsis‐induced neuroinflammation and promotes recovery in male mice: Insights into neuroprotection and inflammatory modulation
Authors: Hosseini Mahmoud , Bardaghi Zahra , Askarpour Hedyeh , Rajabian Arezoo , Mahmoudabady Maryam , Shabab Sadegh , Samadi‐Noshahr Zahra , Salmani Hossein 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSepsis is associated with brain injury and acute brain inflammation, which can potentially transition into chronic inflammation, triggering a cascade of inflammatory responses that may lead to neurological disorders. Minocycline, recognized for its potent anti‐inflammatory properties, was investigated in this study for its protective effects against sepsis‐induced brain injury. Adult male C57 mice pretreated with minocycline (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) 3 days before sepsis induction. An intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg LPS was used to induce sepsis. Spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) and weight changes were assessed over several days post‐sepsis to monitor the recovery of the mice. The expression of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress markers was assessed 24 h post sepsis. Septic mice exhibited significant weight loss and impaired SLA. Initially, minocycline did not attenuate the severity of weight loss (1 day) or SLA (4 h post‐sepsis), but it significantly accelerated the recovery of the mice in later days. Minocycline dose‐dependently mitigated sepsis‐induced brain inflammation and oxidative stress. Our findings demonstrate that pretreatment with minocycline has the potential to prevent brain tissue damage and accelerate recovery from sepsis in mice, suggesting that minocycline may serve as a promising therapeutic intervention to protect against sepsis‐induced neurological complications.
Nandrolone decanoate–induced hypogonadism in male rats: Dose‐ and time‐dependent effects on pituitary and testicular hormonal functions
Authors: Karimi Sholeh , Kazori Negar , Alavi Sayyed Mohammad Hadi , Alijanpour Sara , Siddiqi Mohammad Alim Atif , Zeynali Bahman 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnabolic‐androgenic steroids (AASs) impairment of reproduction has been reported. We investigated dose‐ and time‐dependent effects of Nandrolone decanoate (ND) on reproductive system in comparison with Testosterone enanthate (TE). Male Wistar rats were administrated with 1, 3, and 9 mg/kg/weeks ND or 1 and 3 mg/kg/weeks TE for 8 weeks, and testicular phenotype and reproductive hormones were assessed at 4 and 8 weeks post‐treatments. AASs × treatment period interaction was significant for gonadosomatic index (GSI), testosterone (T), 17β‐estradiol (E2), and luteinizing hormone (LH). At 4 weeks post‐treatment, GSI was decreased in rats treated with 3 mg/kg/weeks ND and T was decreased in all ND‐treated groups, while no significant changes in LH levels were observed. At 8 weeks post‐treatment, GSI was decreased in rats treated with 1 and 3 mg/kg/weeks ND and with 3 mg/kg/weeks TE, T was decreased in all groups, and E2 and LH were increased and decreased, respectively, in rats treated with 9 mg/kg/weeks ND and with 3 mg/kg/weeks TE. The testes showed histopathological defects in both ND‐ and TE‐treated rats suggesting a delay in seminiferous cycle. This study shows AASs‐induced hypogonadism at low‐dose that coincided with inhibition of T biosynthesis and disruption of T feedback on pituitary.
A teaching module in research integrity and ethics for university students based on the IUPAC living-code approach
Authors: Sydnes Leiv K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Through history, the relationship between science and society has changed, and today, science is almost totally integrated and an essential pillar in society. This development has changed the framework for scientific research and made it much more important to consider ethical issues related to both generation of knowledge and use of chemicals. However, such issues have barely been touched in traditional chemistry programs at university level until a few years ago, and there is therefore a need to introduce courses in these topics for university students. In this paper, the background for this need is outlined, and then a teaching module following the IUPAC layered approach is described. The module is based on a selection of key documents, dealing with research integrity and ethics, which are presented and discussed in lectures, workshops, and breakout groups. At the end, the course material is used by each student to write a code of conduct based on his or her working environment.
SENP7 inhibits glioblastoma metastasis and invasion by dissociating SUMO2/3 binding to specific target proteins
Authors: Zhang Jixing , Zheng Hongshan , Liang Peng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The poor surgical efficacy and recurrence of glioblastoma (GBM) are due to its lack of visible infiltrative features. Our bioinformatics study suggests that low expression of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific protease 7 (SENP7) indicates poor prognosis in GBM.

Objectives
This study investigated the effect of SENP7 expression on the invasion, migration, and proliferation of GBM cells and aims to identify the SUMO target proteins affected by SENP7.

Methods
SENP7 expression was analyzed in eight GBM tumor samples and four GBM cell lines, comparing them to normal brain tissue. The effect of SENP7 overexpression on GBM LN229 cell migration, invasion, and proliferation was examined through in vitro assays. Furthermore, four SUMO target proteins involved in tumor invasion and proliferation (CDK6, matrix metalloproteinase-9 [MMP9], AKT, and HIF-1α) were studied to explore SENP7’s molecular mechanism.

Results
SENP7 expression was significantly lower in GBM tumors compared to normal tissue. SENP7 overexpression in LN229 cells inhibited migration and invasion without affecting proliferation. Overexpression reduced the levels of MMP9, AKT, and HIF-1α, but not CDK6. Immunohistochemical analysis showed decreased MMP9 and CD31 levels, suggesting reduced tumor invasion and angiogenesis. However, SENP7 overexpression did not affect tumor growth in vivo.

Conclusions
SENP7 inhibits GBM invasion by dissociating proteins associated with tumor invasion from SUMO2/3, providing a potential target for future GBM therapies.
Using ChatGPT to Provide Patient-Specific Answers to Parental Questions in the PICU
Authors: Hunter R. Brandon , Thammasitboon Satid , Rahman Sreya S. , Fainberg Nina , Renuart Andrew , Kumar Shelley , Jain Parag N. , Rissmiller Brian , Sur Moushumi , Mehta Sanjiv 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
To determine if ChatGPT can incorporate patient-specific information to provide high-quality answers to parental questions in the PICU. We hypothesized that ChatGPT would generate high-quality, patient-specific responses.

METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, we generated assessments and plans for 3 PICU patients with respiratory failure, septic shock, and status epilepticus and paired them with 8 typical parental questions. We prompted ChatGPT with instructions, an assessment and plan, and 1 question. Six PICU physicians evaluated the responses for accuracy (1–6), completeness (yes/no), empathy (1–6), and understandability (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool, PEMAT, 0% to 100%; Flesch–Kincaid grade level). We compared answer quality among scenarios and question types using the Kruskal–Wallis and Fischer’s exact tests. We used percent agreement, Cohen’s Kappa, and Gwet’s agreement coefficient to estimate inter-rater reliability.

RESULTS
All answers incorporated patient details, utilizing them for reasoning in 59% of sentences. Responses had high accuracy (median 5.0, [interquartile range (IQR), 4.0–6.0]), empathy (median 5.0, [IQR, 5.0–6.0]), completeness (97% of all questions), and understandability (PEMAT % median 100, [IQR, 87.5–100]; Flesch–Kincaid level 8.7). Only 4/144 reviewer scores were &lt;4/6 in accuracy, and no response was deemed likely to cause harm. There was no difference in accuracy, completeness, empathy, or understandability among scenarios or question types. We found fair, substantial, and almost perfect agreement among reviewers for accuracy, empathy, and understandability, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
ChatGPT used patient-specific information to provide high-quality answers to parental questions in PICU clinical scenarios.
Salud sexual y reproductiva de mujeres jóvenes migrantes de Latinoamérica y el Caribe que viven en Chile
Authors: Leal Fuentes Ingrid , Molina González Temístocles , Carstens Riveros Carolina 
Published: October 2024

Objetivo Analizar variables de salud sexual y reproductiva de mujeres adolescentes y jóvenes migrantes y chilenas.
Métodos Estudio transversal, analítico de la Novena Encuesta Nacional de la Juventud. La muestra correspondió a 3 140 mujeres de 24 años y menos, extranjeras y chilenas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y de asociación mediante prueba Rao-Scott. La asociación se midió calculando Odds ratio. Se ajustaron modelos de regresión lineal múltiple y logística múltiple.
Resultados Las jóvenes migrantes correspondieron al 3,47%. En promedio llegan a Chile a una edad de 17,58 años. Estas jóvenes presentaron mayor porcentaje de convivencia (21,49% vs. 10,67%, p=0,002), hijos (45,28% vs. 23,69%, p=0,002), mayor edad para embarazo no planificado (18,92 años vs. 17,67 años, p=0,033) y primera pareja sexual esposo o conviviente (19,47% vs. 6,09%, p=0,017). La razón entre las jóvenes que no practican sexo anal versus las que sí lo practican, es 2,6 (1/0,38) veces mayor en extranjeras (OR: 0,38; IC 95%: 0,16–0,91). La razón entre jóvenes que usaron un anticonceptivo menos efectivo en la primera y en la última relación sexual versus aquellas que usaron uno efectivo o más efectivo, es 2,19 y 2,40 veces mayor en las jóvenes migrantes que en las chilenas (OR: 2,19; IC 95%:1,03-4,64 vs. OR: 2,40; IC 95%:1,16-4,97).
Conclusiones Las jóvenes extranjeras son un grupo pequeño de la población joven que vive en Chile. Existen similitudes entre jóvenes migrantes y chilenas para acceder a anticonceptivos y diferencias en el tipo de pareja y el estado civil al iniciar su actividad sexual, el número de hijos, las prácticas sexuales y el tipo de anticonceptivo usado.
Exploring interfacial tension role in the laminar morphology development in reactive compatibilized PP/EVOH
Authors: Staffa Lucas H. , Veroneze Isabelly B. , Cruz Sandra A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Laminar-like structures in PP/EVOH (80/20 wt%) blends were developed by in situ reactive compatibilization using a co-rotating intermeshing twin-screw extrusion without the imposition of post-die-forming elongation flows, i.e., draw ratio (DR) = 0. For that, a maleic anhydride-grafted homopolymer polypropylene (PP-g-MA) was added at 1, 1.5, and 3 wt% using a simple mixing protocol. The correlation between the laminar morphology observed via SEM with interfacial parameters was conducted by nonlinear regression of PP/EVOH viscoelastic response (Gʹ and Gʹʹ) applying the Monomodal Palierne Model to estimate interfacial tension. Uncompatibilized PP/EVOH formed a droplet-matrix morphology with high interfacial tension, indicating incompatibility. As PP-g-MA is added, a laminar-like structure is developed. The remaining droplets become smaller at higher content, with lower interfacial tension between the phases. This scenario hampers the stratification of the dispersed phase. At 3 wt% of PP-g-MA, the morphology returns to being a droplet-matrix, although with high adhesion between the phases.

Graphical abstract
Mais investimento melhora o desempenho da educação? Uma análise para os municípios gaúchos
Authors: Da Silva Teixeira Gibran , Drevnovicz Silveira Gabriela , Halmenschlager Vinícius 
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar a relação entre os gastos alocados em educação e índices educacionais em nível municipal no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no período de 2005 a 2015. Nessa perspectiva, busca-se analisar a relação do gasto com métricas específicas de infraestrutura da educação e de qualidade educacional no município. Para tanto foi construído um painel de dados municipais de gastos direcionados à Educação, do Índice FIRJAN de Desenvolvimento Municipal (IFDM - Educação) e do Índice de Desenvolvimento Socioeconômico (IDESE), dentre outras variáveis de controle. A partir dos resultados estimados foi possível identificar uma relação estatisticamente positiva entre a proporção de gastos em educação e melhores índices educacionais, medido através do índice IFDM-Educação. Além disso, se verifica que o gasto está positivamente relacionado com a infraestrutura educacional e não apresenta relação estatisticamente significativa com a qualidade da educação no município, medidos através de indicadores do IDESE.