bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep and cardiovascular effects of behavioural therapies for insomnia
Authors: Miranda Joyal , Sidani Souraya , Fredericks Suzanne , Fox Mary 
Published: October 2017

Background: Insomnia increases the risk for cardiovascular diseases. Stimulus control therapy (SCT) and sleep restriction therapy (SRT) are behavioural interventions which are effective for managing insomnia, but their effectiveness in alleviating symptoms precursor to or indicative of cardiovascular diseases is unknown. Aims: To evaluate the effects of SCT and SRT, on insomnia and cardiovascular symptoms, in persons with chronic insomnia. Methods: A randomised controlled trial was used. Participants (n=55) randomised to either SCT, SRT or no treatment group completed the study. Outcome data were collected before and after a 4-week treatment period. Results: Participants in the SRT group reported a reduction in perceived insomnia, and those in the SRT and SCT groups showed a reduction in cardiovascular symptoms. Conclusion: SRT and SCT are effective for improving insomnia and have the potential to reduce risk of cardiovascular diseases in individuals with chronic insomnia, as well as to manage insomnia when it is experienced with cardiovascular diseases.
Cardiac rehabilitation: making a business case based on the evidence
Authors: Gore Louise , Doherty Patrick 
Published: October 2017

Background: Cardiovascular disease and its management, are associated with a sizeable burden, on the NHS and UK economy each year. In addition to reducing mortality and improving quality of life, cardiac rehabilitation is effective at reducing unplanned readmissions. Purpose: This study was undertaken to ascertain if the national Department of Health cardiac rehabilitation (CR) cost model, promoting the benefits achieved through reduced unplanned readmissions, could be replicated in a real NHS setting using local data. Methodology: Patient data were retrospectively analysed for 30-day unplanned readmissions within specific cardiac diagnosis and treatment codes. National audit data were reviewed to ascertain local uptake of CR, and local databases used to ascertain the individual cost of providing CR, as well as the cost per unplanned readmission. The CR readmission costs were applied in the context of NHS England's ambition of 65% and 33% uptake in conventional cardiac patients and those with heart failure respectively. Results: The Department of Health model applied in the local context to conventional CR patients shows a potential saving; after taking into consideration the cost of delivering a CR programme to conventional cardiac patients at 65% uptake, this would lead to a saving of over £26 000. The equivalent model applied to 33% of eligible heart failure patients yields a potential benefit of over £19 000. Conclusion: A cost-saving readmissions approach, based on the Department of Health model, has been applied locally and could, if implemented, yield significant savings if CR programme uptake was delivered at the recommended levels.
Physiological and behavioural effects of preterm infant positioning in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Santos Alessandra Madalena Garcia , Viera Claudia Silveira , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor , Osaku Erica Fernanda , Costa Claudia Rejane Lima de Macedo , Grebinski Ana Tamara Kolecha Giordani 
Published: October 2017

AimTo compare the effect of sleeping position on physiological and behvioural responses in preterm infants.MethodsA quasi-experimental study was conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit in the south of Brazil. The sample was 24 preterm newborns with gestational age ≤32 weeks, who were randomly separated into four groups: right side position, supine position, left side position and prone position. The physiological and behavioral variables were evaluated before, during and after positioning.FindingsDuring the intervention, heart rate decreased in right side position, supine position, and prone position. The respiratory rate reduced in all positions and peripheral oxygen saturation remained stable in most positions. Behavioural scores were reduced in supine, left side and prone positions.ConclusionsPositioning according to a standard operating procedure was able to produce more positive responses in prone and supine position groups during the intervention.
Active blended learning for clinical skills acquisition: innovation to meet professional expectations
Authors: Power Alison , Cole Melanie 
Published: October 2017

The standards for pre-registration midwifery education state that the practice-theory ratio of the programme should be no less than 50% practice and no less than 40% theory, adopting a variety of learning and teaching strategies, including simulation. Simulation for skills teaching has been found to bridge gaps between theory and practice, and to positively affect how prepared and confident the student midwife feels to apply knowledge and skills in the practice setting. With changes in regulation under consultation, and an ever more complex clinical environment, it is timely to revisit learning, teaching and assessment strategies in pre-registration education to ensure that they are fit for purpose. The University of Northampton's approach to learning and teaching, termed active blended learning, is a student-centred approach to support the development of subject knowledge and understanding, independent learning, and digital fluency. This involved the modification of a traditional, four-stage, step-by-step approach to teaching clinical skills, by introducing video-assisted technology to prepare students for a summative assessment using simulation. It is anticipated that this innovative approach to the teaching of clinical skills will enhance the ‘toolkit’ of learning, teaching, and assessment strategies appropriate to contemporary midwifery preregistration education.
Using the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score to assess gait in children with cerebral palsy: A feasibility evaluation
Authors: Tzikalagia Thomai , Ramdharry Gita 
Published: October 2017

Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the use and scope of observational gait analysis in everyday physiotherapy practice. The Edinburgh Visual Gait Score is proposed as a simple and cost-effective tool for use in everyday practice when instrumented gait analysis is not available. The primary goal was to evaluate the feasibility of using the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score in the assessment of the gait of children with cerebral palsy and the second was to assess whether the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score was sensitive enough to note changes following intervention. Finally, the relationship between the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score scores and the 10 metre walk test performance was examined. Methods: A feasibility study was conducted using the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score, the 10 metre walk test and simplified video analysis software. Ten children with cerebral palsy were recruited from two private physiotherapy practices in Greece. Findings: The Edinburgh Visual Gait Score was a quick and easy to use tool when assessing the gait pattern of children with cerebral palsy A Wilcoxon test showed a statistically significant improvement in the total Edinburgh Visual Gait Score score (left side: z=-2.395, p=0.017; right side: z=-2.392, p=0.017) following a 2-month course of physiotherapy treatment. The Spearman's correlation test showed no statistically significant correlation between the Edinburgh Visual Gait Scores and the walking speed. Conclusions: It was feasible to use the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score in children with cerebral palsy to assess the treatment outcome on gait parameters after intervention. It may be sensitive enough to note changes after 2 months of physiotherapy intervention. Our results indicate that the difference in movement quality does not always relate to walking speed. Future researchers should investigate the relationship between the two.
Intrapreneurship and innovation; an implementation in Karaman<p>İç girişimcilik ve yenilik; Karamanda bir uygulama
Authors: Bay Murat , Yüzbaşıoğlu Nedim 
Published: October 2017

Intrapreneurship is the entrepreneurship that the organization has done in itself. An internal entrepreneur is someone who takes risks and innovates to catch market opportunities and turn them into profitable and commercial business ideas and exchange puzzles. Intrapreneurship is a concept that inside of innovation, risk, business opportunity, organization intensity and has made itself. The concept of intrapreneurship is a way for the firm to enter new business areas and growth. The concept of intrapreneurship is helping to create the strategy of the firm. Intrapreneurship closely related to internal and external environment. In this study, we conducted a survey of businesses in the food sector in Karaman. 71 people participated in the survey management positions. Regression and correlation analyzes were used. According to the survey results, there was a relationship between intrapreneurship and innovation. It was also found that those businesses that they have an important market in the food sector and the growing food market. Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. Özetİç girişimcilik örgütün kendi içinde yapmış olduğu girişimciliktir. İç girişimci risk alarak ve yenilik yaparak pazardaki fırsatları yakalayıp onları kârlı ve ticari iş fikirlerine dönüştüren ve pazara sunarak değişimi sağlayabilen kişidir. İç girişimcilik örgütün kendi içinde sürdürdüğü yenilik, risk, iş fırsatı, örgütsel güç gibi unsurları olan bir kavramdır. İç girişimcilik firmanın büyüme ve yeni iş alanlarına girebilmenin de bir yoludur. İç girişimcilik firmaların strateji oluşturmasına yardım etmektedir. İç girişimcilik iç ve dış çevre ile yakın ilgili bir konudur. Bu çalışmada Karaman gıda sektöründe faaliyette bulunan işletmelere anket yapılmıştır. Ankete yönetim kademesinde bulunan 71 kişi katılmıştır. Regresyon ve korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre iç girişimcilik ile yenilik arasında bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ayrıca bu işletmelerin gıda sektöründe önemli bir pazara sahip oldukları ve gıda pazarının büyümekte olduğu bulunmuştur.
Capital controls as a credit policy tool in a small open economy
Authors: Kitano Shigeto , Takaku Kenya 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We develop a sticky price, small open economy model with financial frictions à la [Gertler, Mark, and Peter Karadi. 2011. “A Model of Unconventional Monetary Policy.” Journal of Monetary Economics 58 (1): 17–34.], in combination with liability dollarization. An agency problem between domestic financial intermediaries and foreign investors of emerging economies introduces financial frictions in the form of time-varying endogenous balance sheet constraints on the domestic financial intermediaries. We consider a shock that tightens the balance sheet constraint and show that capital controls, the effects of which are rigorously examined as a policy tool for the emerging economies, can be a credit policy tool to mitigate the negative shock.
On Anatolios in the Geoponika: one author or three?
Authors: Ito Tadashi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMost scholars believe that the “Anatolios” appearing in the Geoponika is Vindanius Anatolius of Berytus (Beirut) and the prefect of Illyricum of that name from Berytus mentioned by Ammianus Marcellinus. In this paper we shall examine the hypothesis that Cassianus probably identified Οὐϊνδανιώνιος, ᾿Aνατόλιος and Βηρύτιος as three authors, and that Photios by mistake interpreted Οὐϊνδανιώνιος, ᾿Aνατόλιος and Βηρύτιος as one author. Finally, we can conclude from the considerations of 494 chapter headings appearing in the Geoponika that Vindanios Anatolios Berytos is actually an erroneous composite for the names of three different persons, and that the Anatolios in the Geoponika cannot be identified with the man mentioned in Amm. 19, 11, 2 and Eun. vit. soph. 85.
La dynamique de la vie spirituelle chez saint Jean Climaque: un bref regard comparatif avec saint Grégoire de Nysse
Authors: Sferlea Ovidiu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article aims to make a comparison between the teaching of St. John Climacus and that of St. Gregory of Nyssa, with a specific focus on the complex of ideas related to perpetual progress. While one must proceed with caution, a number of close and significant parallels can nevertheless be indicated: a dynamic concept of spiritual perfection, the definition of virtue as limitless, the idea of a perpetual growth in love, and the inclusion of the angels in this progress. I suggest that the best way for explaining these analogies is to admit a (direct) influence of Gregory on John. As a consequence, John Climacus must be counted with a group of Eastern authors holding similar views that includes (Pseudo‐)Macarius, Maximus the Confessor, Symeon the New Theologian, Gregory of Sinai, Gregory Palamas and Kallistos Angelikoudes. These authors appear in fact to be witnesses of a tradition of thought that stems back to Gregory of Nyssa.
Using the Health and Retirement Study for Disability Policy Research: A Review
Authors: Schimmel Hyde Jody , Stapleton David C. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a preeminent data source for research related to the experiences of workers nearing retirement, including the large share of those workers who experience a health shock or disability onset after age 50. In this article, we highlight key information collected from HRS respondents that benefits disability policy research and the body of knowledge that has resulted from this information. Our main goal is to identify from this research experience potential improvements in data collection and documentation that would further strengthen the HRS as a data source for disability policy researchers.
The Person–Case Constraint and the Inverse Agreement Constraint are manifestations of the same Inverse Topicality Constraint
Authors: É Kiss Katalin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper first claims that the Inverse Agreement Constraint and the Person–Case Constraint attested in overlapping sets of Uralic languages are manifestations of the same Inverse Topicality Constraint, requiring that the structural hierarchy of topicalized constituents correspond to the ranking of their referents in the Animacy/Topicality Hierarchy. Then it argues that it is the hypothesized Inverse Topicality Constraint that also underlies the Person– Case Constraints restricting the cooccurrence of clitics in ditransitive and ergative–absolutive constructions across languages. It is shown that alternative analyses of the Person–Case Constraint, e.g., those deriving it from the mechanism of multiple Agree, cannot account for the whole range of data attested.
Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation Delays Neuromuscular Fatigue Without Changes in Performance Outcomes During a Basketball Match Simulation Protocol
Authors: Ansdell Paul , Dekerle Jeanne 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Ansdell, P and Dekerle, J. Sodium bicarbonate supplementation delays neuromuscular fatigue without changes in performance outcomes during a basketball match simulation protocol. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1369–1375, 2020—To investigate the development of neuromuscular fatigue during a basketball game simulation and to ascertain whether sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) supplementation attenuates any neuromuscular fatigue that persists. Ten participants ingested 0.2 g·kg−1 of NaHCO3 (or an equimolar placebo dosage of sodium chloride [NaCl]) 90 and 60 minutes before commencing a basketball game simulation (ALK-T vs. PLA-T). Maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) of the knee extensors and potentiated high- (100 Hz) and low- (10 Hz) frequency doublet twitches were recorded before and after each match quarter for both trials. In addition, 15-m sprint times and layup completion (%) were recorded during each quarter. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction, 100- and 10-Hz twitch forces declined progressively in both trials (p ≤ 0.05) with a less pronounced decrease in MVIC during ALK-T (p < 0.01). Both 100- and 10-Hz twitch forces were also significantly greater in ALK-T (p ≤ 0.05). Fifteen-meter sprint time increased over the course of both trials (∼2%, p < 0.01); however, no significant condition or time effect was found for layup completion (p > 0.05). A basketball simulation protocol induces a substantial amount of neuromuscular (reduction in knee extensor MVICs) and peripheral fatigue with a concomitant increase in 15-m sprint time over the protocol. NaHCO3 supplementation attenuated the rate of fatigue development by protecting contractile elements of the muscle fibers. This study provides coaches with information about the magnitude of fatigue induced by a simulated basketball game and provides evidence of the efficacy of NaHCO3 in attenuating fatigue.
Suppression and Contrast Normalization in Motion Processing
Authors: Quaia Christian , Optican Lance M. , Cumming Bruce G. 
Published: October 2017

Sensory neurons are activated by a range of stimuli to which they are said to be tuned. Usually, they are also suppressed by another set of stimuli that have little effect when presented in isolation. The interactions between preferred and suppressive stimuli are often quite complex and vary across neurons, even within a single area, making it difficult to infer their collective effect on behavioral responses mediated by activity across populations of neurons. Here, we investigated this issue by measuring, in human subjects (three males), the suppressive effect of static masks on the ocular following responses induced by moving stimuli. We found a wide range of effects, which depend in a nonlinear and nonseparable manner on the spatial frequency, contrast, and spatial location of both stimulus and mask. Under some conditions, the presence of the mask can be seen as scaling the contrast of the driving stimulus. Under other conditions, the effect is more complex, involving also a direct scaling of the behavioral response. All of this complexity at the behavioral level can be captured by a simple model in which stimulus and mask interact nonlinearly at two stages, one monocular and one binocular. The nature of the interactions is compatible with those observed at the level of single neurons in primates, usually broadly described as divisive normalization, without having to invoke any scaling mechanism.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe response of sensory neurons to their preferred stimulus is often modulated by stimuli that are not effective when presented alone. Individual neurons can exhibit multiple modulatory effects, with considerable variability across neurons even in a single area. Such diversity has made it difficult to infer the impact of these modulatory mechanisms on behavioral responses. Here, we report the effects of a stationary mask on the reflexive eye movements induced by a moving stimulus. A model with two stages, each incorporating a divisive modulatory mechanism, reproduces our experimental results and suggests that qualitative variability of masking effects in cortical neurons might arise from differences in the extent to which such effects are inherited from earlier stages.
Parkinson's Disease Is Not Simply a Prion Disorder
Authors: Surmeier D. James , Obeso José A. , Halliday Glenda M. 
Published: October 2017

The notion that prion-like spreading of misfolded α-synuclein (α-SYN) causes Parkinson's disease (PD) has received a great deal of attention. Although attractive in its simplicity, the hypothesis is difficult to reconcile with postmortem analysis of human brains and connectome-mapping studies. An alternative hypothesis is that PD pathology is governed by regional or cell-autonomous factors. Although these factors provide an explanation for the pattern of neuronal loss in PD, they do not readily explain the apparently staged distribution of Lewy pathology in many PD brains, the feature of the disease that initially motivated the spreading hypothesis by Braak and colleagues. While each hypothesis alone has its shortcomings, a synthesis of the two can explain much of what we know about the etiopathology of PD.Dual Perspectives Companion Paper:Prying into the Prion Hypothesis for Parkinson's Disease, by Patrik Brundin and Ronald Melki
Prednisolone has the same cardiovascular risk profile as hydrocortisone in glucocorticoid replacement
Authors: Smith David J F , Prabhudev Hemanth , Choudhury Sirazum , Meeran Karim 
Published: October 2017

Introduction
Patients who need glucocorticoid replacement in both primary and secondary adrenal insufficiency (AI) have the choice of either once-daily prednisolone or thrice-daily hydrocortisone. A recent European study found no difference between prednisolone and hydrocortisone users in several markers including glucose, weight, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference, although an increase in cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was suggested in a subgroup of these patients. The aim of this study was to expand the evidence base for the use of these agents as replacement therapy.

Methods
Data from 82 patients on hydrocortisone and 64 patients on prednisolone for AI at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust were analysed.

Results
There was no significant difference in total cholesterol, LDL levels or any other risk factors between hydrocortisone and prednisolone patients. Prednisolone was subjectively significantly more convenient than hydrocortisone (P = 0.048).

Conclusions
Prednisolone once daily is more convenient than hydrocortisone thrice daily, and there is no difference in the markers of cardiovascular risk measured. Because prednisolone mimics the circadian rhythm better than other glucocorticoids, it should be considered as an alternative to hydrocortisone for AI.
Oral Analgesics Utilization for Children With Musculoskeletal Injury (OUCH Trial): An RCT
Authors: Le May Sylvie , Ali Samina , Plint Amy C. , Mâsse Benoit , Neto Gina , Auclair Marie-Christine , Drendel Amy L. , Ballard Ariane , Khadra Christelle , Villeneuve Edith , Parent Stefan , McGrath Patrick J. , Leclair Grégoire , Gouin Serge ,   on behalf of Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC)
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND:
Musculoskeletal injuries (MSK-Is) are a common and painful condition among children that remains poorly treated in the emergency department (ED). We aimed to test the efficacy of a combination of an anti-inflammatory drug with an opioid for pain management of MSK-I in children presenting to the ED.

METHODS:
In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, we enrolled children between 6 and 17 years presenting to the ED with an MSK-I and a pain score &gt;29 mm on the visual analog scale (VAS). Participants were randomly assigned to oral morphine (0.2 mg/kg) + ibuprofen (10 mg/kg) (morphine + ibuprofen) or morphine (0.2 mg/kg) + placebo of ibuprofen or ibuprofen (10 mg/kg) + placebo of morphine. Primary outcome was children with VAS pain score &lt;30 mm at 60 minutes postmedication administration.

RESULTS:
A total of 501 participants were enrolled and 456 were included in primary analyses (morphine + ibuprofen = 177; morphine = 188; ibuprofen = 91). Only 29.9% (morphine + ibuprofen), 29.3% (morphine), and 33.0% (ibuprofen) of participants achieved the primary outcome (P = .81). Mean VAS pain reduction at 60 minutes were −18.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −21.9 to −16.6) (morphine + ibuprofen), −17.0 (95% CI: −20.0 to −13.9) (morphine), −18.6 (95% CI: −22.9 to −14.2) (ibuprofen) (P = .69). Children in the morphine + ibuprofen group (P &lt; .001) and in the morphine group (P &lt; .001) experienced more side effects than those in the ibuprofen group. No serious adverse event was reported.

CONCLUSIONS:
Combination of morphine with ibuprofen did not provide adequate pain relief for children with MSK-I in the ED. None of the study medication provided an optimal pain management because most of children did not reach a mild pain score (NCT02064894).