bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel non‐involutive solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation from (skew) braces
Authors: Doikou Anastasia , Rybołowicz Bernard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe produce novel non‐involutive solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation coming from (skew) braces. These solutions are generalisations of the known ones coming from braces and skew braces, and surprisingly in the case of braces, they are not necessarily involutive. In the case of two‐sided (skew) braces, one can assign such solutions to every element of the set. Novel bijective maps associated to the inverse solutions are also introduced. Moreover, we show that the recently derived Drinfeld twists of the involutive case are still admissible in the non‐involutive frame, and we identify the twisted ‐matrices and twisted coproducts. We observe, as in the involutive case, that the underlying quantum algebra is not a quasi‐triangular bialgebra, as one would expect, but a quasi‐triangular quasi‐bialgebra. The same applies to the quantum algebra of the twisted ‐matrices, contrary to the involutive case.
Small‐scale distribution of linear patterns of primes
Authors: Pandey Mayank , Woo Katharine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLet be a system of linear forms with finite complexity. In their seminal paper, Green and Tao showed the following prime number theorem for values of the system :
where are the corresponding local densities. In this paper, we demonstrate limits to equidistribution of these primes on small scales; we show the analog to Maier's result on primes in short intervals. In particular, we show that for all , there exist such that for sufficiently large, there exist boxes of sidelengths at least such that
Online peer-to-peer health communities for individuals affected by chronic kidney disease: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Coulson Neil , Beach Sarah , Buchanan Heather 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify and describe research exploring online peer-to-peer health communities for individuals affected by chronic kidney disease.

Introduction:
The proliferation of online peer-to-peer health communities has created new opportunities for individuals affected by chronic kidney disease to come together for mutual social, emotional, and informational support.

Inclusion criteria:
This scoping review will include qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods, and evidence synthesis studies, as well as gray literature relating to online peer-to-peer health communities for individuals affected by chronic kidney disease. The search will not be limited by language, time frame, geographic location, or publication date.

Methods:
This review will be undertaken in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. The following databases will be searched: Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Embase (Ovid), MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), and Web of Science. Gray literature will be searched via MedNar, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. After duplicates have been removed, 2 reviewers will independently screen the titles, abstracts, and full text of the eligible sources. Data will be extracted using a modified data extraction tool as per JBI guidance, and presented in tabular format, accompanied by a narrative summary describing how the findings relate to the scoping review questions.

Review registration:
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/kfj9v
Uncertainty Quantification in the Prediction of Remaining Useful Life Considering Multiple Failure Modes
Authors: Gandur Nazir Laureano , Ekwaro-Osire Stephen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Despite the substantive literature on remaining useful life (RUL) prediction, less attention is paid to the influence of epistemic uncertainty and aleatory uncertainty in multiple failure behaviors in the accuracy of RUL. The research question in this study was: can uncertainties be quantified in predicting the RUL of systems with multiple failure modes? The first objective was to quantify the uncertainties in the prediction of RUL, considering known multiple failure modes. This objective used vibration data from accelerated degradation experiments of rolling element bearings. The second objective was to calculate the uncertainties in the prediction of RUL, considering the multiple failure modes as unknown. The experimental data used in this objective were from run-to-failure tests of Li-ion batteries. An analysis was performed on how the uncertainties affect the RUL prediction in systems with known multiple failure modes and systems where the multiple failure modes were unknown. A Bayesian neural network (BNN) was used to quantify epistemic and aleatory uncertainty while predicting RUL. The results of the qualitative uncertainties on RUL in systems with multiple failure modes were presented and discussed. Also, the study yielded an RUL uncertainty quantification model for multiple failure modes. The proposed framework's performance in the RUL prediction was demonstrated. Finally, the epistemic and aleatory uncertainties were quantified in the system's RUL. It was shown that systems that fail due to the same failure mode tend to have similar uncertainty values over time. The results in this paper may lead to the design of more reliable systems that exhibit multiple failure modes.
Characterization of Three-Mode Combination Internal Resonances in Electrostatically Actuated Flexible–Flexible Microbeams
Authors: Kumar Praveen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Nonlinear intermodal coupling based on internal resonances in MEMS resonators has advanced significantly over the past two decades for various real-world applications. In this study, we demonstrate the existence of various three-mode combination internal resonances between the first five flexural modes of electrostatically actuated flexible–flexible beams and dynamic modal interaction between three modes via internal resonance. We first calculate the natural frequencies of the beam as a function of the stiffnesses of the transverse and rotational springs of the flexible supports, utilizing both analytical formulation and finite element analysis (FEA). Following this, we identify six combination internal resonances among the first five modes and use applied DC voltage to validate the exactness of one commensurable internal resonance condition (ω2=ω5−ω4). Subsequently, we studied a detailed forced vibration analysis corresponding to this resonance condition by solving the five-mode coupled governing equations through numerical time integration and the method of multiple scales. The results compellingly exhibit three-mode intermodal coupling among the second, fourth, and fifth modes as a function of excitation amplitude and frequency. Alongside this, intriguing nonlinear phenomena such as threshold behavior, saturation phenomena, and autoparametric instability are observed. Finally, this paper provides a systematic methodology for investigating three-mode combination internal resonances and related nonlinear dynamics, offering significant insights that could be used in observing phonon or mechanical lasing phenomena in MEMS resonators.
Three-Dimensional Space Chaotic Scrolls Generated by Memristive Hopfield Neural Network and Its Application in Robot Path Planning
Authors: Guo Linyang , Yang Runxian , Tang Mingjun , Wang Lixia , Xu Chunlin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a novel three-dimensional space-scroll chaotic attractor is constructed by introducing piece-wise linear memristors into a three-neurons-based Hopfield neural network to simulate the electromagnetic influence on neural dynamics. The dynamical behaviors of the novel memristive Hopfield neural network are discussed by means of numerical methods including the Lyapunov exponent spectrum, bifurcation diagrams, phase plots and dynamic maps. Furthermore, we also investigated different neurons subject to the memristive electromagnetic influence, where the two-dimensional grid-scroll chaotic attractors can be generated by one neuron subjects to the electromagnetic influence and three-dimensional space-scroll chaotic attractors can be generated by all of the neurons subject to the memristive electromagnetic influence. Moreover, we present a three-dimensional space-scroll scroll attractor-based chaotic mobile robot system. Superiority of the proposed space-scroll-based chaotic mobile robot system compared to existing methods has been demonstrated through numerical simulations.
Experimental Design Validation of a Swirl-Stabilized Burner With Fluidically Variable Swirl Number
Authors: Eck Mattias E. G. , Nedden Philipp zur , von Saldern Jakob G. R. , Peisdersky Christoph , Orchini Alessandro , Paschereit Christian Oliver 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Swirling flows are commonly used for flame stabilization in gas turbine combustors, which are hence equipped with suitable swirler units. In these units the air rotation, quantified by the swirl number, is fixed through the geometry and represents a parameter significantly affecting flame stability and dynamics. The possibility of a continuous swirl variation, on the other hand, would be advantageous for the assessment and control of thermoacoustic instabilities. This is especially true for fuel-flexible applications, for which different swirl numbers are needed to stabilize flames arising from the combustion of different fuels. Most swirl-varying systems rely on mechanical adjustments. In this work, instead, a novel swirl-stabilized burner is investigated experimentally, which is based exclusively on fluidic actuation. For the experimental assessment of the resulting flow field, the axial and azimuthal velocity components are determined through laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) measurements. The measurements are performed in a volume downstream of the burner's mixing tube. The data are processed and computed into swirl-numbers in order to quantify the degree of swirl as a function of the fluidic actuation. The characteristics of two different burner geometries are investigated, with and without a central cone within the swirler, respectively. The configuration with the cone is found to generate higher swirl over the investigated operational range. For this configuration, the technically relevant operating range is determined in which the swirl number can be continuously set from zero to around 0.9. Our experimental results show that fluidic actuation is a viable way to continuously change the swirl number, and that the achievable swirl range is quantitatively comparable to that of state-of-the-art swirl-stabilized burners.
Importance-Induced Customer Segmentation Using Explainable Machine Learning
Authors: Park Seyoung , Jiang Yilan , Kim Harrison 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Customer segmentation plays a critical role in enhancing a company’s product penetration rate in the market. It enables numerous downstream applications such as customer-oriented product development and trend analysis. Previous approaches to customer segmentation have relied either on survey-based methods or data-driven approaches. However, these methods face challenges such as high human labor requirements or the generation of noisy segments. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a new methodology based on data-driven network construction and an importance-enhanced framework. The framework incorporates two techniques: (1) the utilization of a neural network model to compute feature importance values and (2) the proposal of a novel network connection rule. This framework addresses the limitation of the previous approach, sentiment-polarity-based networking, by connecting customers based on feature importance. We further validated the effectiveness of the framework using three real-world datasets and demonstrated that the proposed method outperformed the previous approach.
Error Sensitivity Analysis of a 1T2R Kinematically Redundant Parallel Mechanism With Closed-Loop Chain
Authors: Zhou Zhizhen , Qu Haibo , Li Xiao , Hu Buqin , Guo Sheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a generalized method for error modeling of the spatial 1T2R three degrees-of-freedom kinematically redundant parallel mechanism with a closed-loop chain is proposed, which is based on the matrix differential method. First, the detailed process of generalized error modeling and error analysis are described. Based on the proposed method, the error model of the spatial 3PRR(RR)S-P (P—prismatic joint, R—revolute joint, S—spherical joint, and the underline indicates that the joint is the actuator) kinematically redundant parallel mechanism is established as an example, and the correctness of the error model is verified by combining forward with inverse kinematics. Then, the patterns affecting the output error of the moving platform are discussed for the case where the mechanism contains only static error or dynamic error, respectively. In addition, the error sensitivity indices are defined to evaluate the error sensitivity of the moving platform to different redundant parameters L4 under a certain pose. Finally, in order to identify the key error terms, the sensitivity of the output error of the mechanism to a single error term is analyzed. The results show that the error sensitivity of the spatial kinematically redundant parallel mechanism can be effectively reduced by adjusting the kinematically redundant parameters, so that the mechanism can maintain a low error sensitivity in a certain pose.
Computational Aeroacoustics of Low-Pressure Axial Fans Installed in Parallel
Authors: Ghosh Debarshee , Vourakis Michail , Andersson Niklas , Etemad Sassan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ducted rotor-only low-pressure axial (LPA) fans play an integral role in automotive thermal management of electric vehicles and are the primary source of noise from the underhood region. Multiple LPA fans are often placed in parallel in cooling packages of electric vehicles. There is little scientific work concerning aeroacoustics of ducted LPA fans operating in parallel. This work aims to address this gap through hybrid computational aeroacoustic simulations. Three-dimensional, full-annulus, transient simulations are done using the delayed detached eddy simulation (DDES) turbulence model. First, a numerical validation study is presented, where aerodynamic and aeroacoustic results from this work are compared to experimental results for a LPA fan issued by the European Acoustics Association (EAA). In the second part, aeroacoustic performance of two-fans placed in parallel is presented. A local diffusion zone is observed in the region where the two-fans are closest to one another. A previously unidentified vortex which envelopes the local diffusion zone is observed. For two-fans in parallel, the amplification of the acoustic spectrum scales in accordance to having two identical equally strong sound sources, i.e., by 6 dB. The scaling of the acoustic spectrum for two-fans in parallel in comparison to a single-fan suggests limited interaction between the acoustic field of the two-fans.
Contribution of direct InhA inhibitors to novel drug regimens in a mouse model of tuberculosis
Authors: Encinas Lourdes , Li Si-Yang , Rullas-Trincado Joaquin , Tasneen Rokeya , Tyagi Sandeep , Soni Heena , Garcia-Perez Adolfo , Lee Jin , González del Río Rubén , De Mercado Jaime , Sousa Verónica , Sosič Izidor , Gobec Stanislav , Mendoza-Losana Alfonso , Converse Paul J. , Mdluli Khisi , Fotouhi Nader , Barros-Aguirre David , Nuermberger Eric L. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Isoniazid is an important first-line medicine to treat tuberculosis (TB). Isoniazid resistance increases the risk of poor treatment outcomes and development of multidrug resistance, and is driven primarily by mutations involving
katG
, encoding the prodrug-activating enzyme, rather than its validated target, InhA. The chemical tractability of InhA has fostered efforts to discover direct inhibitors of InhA (DIIs). In this study, we bridge the gap in understanding the potential contribution of DIIs to novel combination regimens and demonstrate a clear distinction of DIIs, like GSK693 and the newly described GSK138, from isoniazid, based on activity against clinical isolates and contribution to novel drug regimens. The results suggest that DIIs, specifically GSK138 and GSK693, could be promising partners in novel drug regimens, including those used against isoniazid-resistant TB, potentially enhancing their efficacy and/or preventing the selection of resistant mutants and supporting the continued exploration of InhA as a promising target for TB drug development.
Tetracistronic minigenomes elucidate a functional promoter for Ghana virus and unveils Cedar virus replicase promiscuity for all henipaviruses
Authors: Haas Griffin D. , Kowdle Shreyas , Schmitz Katharina S. , Azarm Kristopher D. , Johnson Kendra N. , Klain William R. , Freiberg Alexander N. , Cox Robert M. , Plemper Richard K. , Lee Benhur 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Batborne henipaviruses, such as Nipah and Hendra viruses, represent a major threat to global health due to their propensity for spillover, severe pathogenicity, and high mortality rate in human hosts. Coupled with the absence of approved vaccines or therapeutics, work with the prototypical species and uncharacterized, emergent species is restricted to high biocontainment facilities. There is a scarcity of such specialized spaces for research, and often, the scope and capacity of research, which can be conducted at BSL-4, is limited. Therefore, there is a pressing need for innovative life-cycle modeling systems to enable comprehensive research within lower biocontainment settings. This work showcases tetracistronic, transcription, and replication-competent minigenomes for the Nipah, Hendra, and Cedar viruses, which encode viral proteins facilitating budding, fusion, and receptor binding. We validate the functionality of all encoded viral proteins and demonstrate a variety of applications to interrogate the viral life cycle. Notably, we found that the Cedar virus replicase exhibits remarkable promiscuity, efficiently driving replication and transcription of minigenomes from all tested henipaviruses. We also apply this technology to Ghana virus (GhV), an emergent species that has so far not been isolated in culture. We demonstrate that the reported sequence of GhV is incomplete, but that this missing sequence can be substituted with analogous sequences from other henipaviruses. The use of our GhV system establishes the functionality of the GhV replicase and identifies two antivirals that are highly efficacious against the GhV polymerase.

IMPORTANCE
Henipaviruses are recognized as significant global health threats due to their high mortality rates and lack of effective vaccines or therapeutics. Due to the requirement for high biocontainment facilities, the scope of research which may be conducted on henipaviruses is limited. To address this challenge, we developed innovative tetracistronic, transcription, and replication-competent minigenomes. We demonstrate that these systems replicate key aspects of the viral life cycle, such as budding, fusion, and receptor binding, and are safe for use in lower biocontainment settings. Importantly, the application of this system to the Ghana virus revealed that its known sequence is incomplete; however, substituting the missing sequences with those from other henipaviruses allowed us to overcome this challenge. We demonstrate that the Ghana virus replicative machinery is functional and can identify two orally efficacious antivirals effective against it. Our research offers a versatile system for life-cycle modeling of highly pathogenic henipaviruses at low biocontainment.
Characterization and functional analysis of
Toxoplasma
Golgi-associated proteins identified by proximity labeling
Authors: Pasquarelli Rebecca R. , Quan Justin J. , Cheng Emily S. , Yang Vivian , Britton Timmie A. , Sha Jihui , Wohlschlegel James A. , Bradley Peter J. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Toxoplasma gondii
possesses a highly polarized secretory pathway that contains both broadly conserved eukaryotic organelles and unique apicomplexan organelles, which play essential roles in the parasite’s lytic cycle. As in other eukaryotes, the
T. gondii
Golgi apparatus sorts and modifies proteins prior to their distribution to downstream organelles. Many of the typical trafficking factors found involved in these processes are missing from apicomplexan genomes, suggesting that these parasites have evolved unique proteins to fill these roles. Here, we identify a Golgi-localizing protein (ULP1), which is structurally similar to the eukaryotic trafficking factor p115/Uso1. We demonstrate that depletion of ULP1 leads to a dramatic reduction in parasite fitness that is the result of defects in microneme secretion, invasion, replication, and egress. Using ULP1 as bait for TurboID proximity labeling and immunoprecipitation, we identify 11 more Golgi-associated proteins and demonstrate that ULP1 interacts with the
T. gondii
-conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex. These proteins include both conserved trafficking factors and parasite-specific proteins. Using a conditional knockdown approach, we assess the effect of each of these 11 proteins on parasite fitness. Together, this work reveals a diverse set of
T. gondii
Golgi-associated proteins that play distinct roles in the secretory pathway. As several of these proteins are absent outside of the Apicomplexa, they represent potential targets for the development of novel therapeutics against these parasites.

IMPORTANCE

Apicomplexan parasites such as
Toxoplasma gondii
infect a large percentage of the world’s population and cause substantial human disease. These widespread pathogens use specialized secretory organelles to infect their host cells, modulate host cell functions, and cause disease. While the functions of the secretory organelles are now better understood, the Golgi apparatus of the parasite remains largely unexplored, particularly regarding parasite-specific innovations that may help direct traffic intracellularly. In this work, we characterize ULP1, a protein that is unique to parasites but shares structural similarity to the eukaryotic trafficking factor p115/Uso1. We show that ULP1 plays an important role in parasite fitness and demonstrate that it interacts with the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex. We then use ULP1 proximity labeling to identify 11 additional Golgi-associated proteins, which we functionally analyze via conditional knockdown. This work expands our knowledge of the
Toxoplasma
Golgi apparatus and identifies potential targets for therapeutic intervention.