bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aprendizagem docente em contextos emergentes
Authors: Warth Juliana Spolaor , Bolzan Doris Pires Vargas 
Published: September 2024

Este artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa desenvolvida na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), com sete professores bacharéis iniciantes no Centro de Ciências da saúde. O estudo teve como foco compreender a temática da aprendizagem da docência iniciante em contextos emergentes, e configurou-se como uma pesquisa qualitativa, com a abordagem narrativa sociocultural. A produção dos dados se deu por meio de entrevistas narrativas a partir de tópicos guia. Nos achados evidenciamos as necessidades emergentes do acolhimento aos docente iniciantes, nesta fase de muitas dúvidas e incertezas. Nesse sentido, e como desdobramento da pesquisa, construiu-se um protótipo de página de acolhimento aos docentes.
Validation and measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the academic self-efficacy scale for university students
Authors: Zhao Mengyuan , Kuan Garry , Chau Vinh Huy , Kueh Yee Cheng 
Published: September 2024

Objectives
The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES-C) and confirm its measurement invariance across gender identities.

Methods
In this study, 502 university students (29.68% male, 70.32% female) with a mean age of 19.93 years (SD = 1.64) voluntarily participated. The Academic Self-Efficacy Scale (ASE) was utilized as a unidimensional measure of students’ learning efficacy. The English version of ASES was translated into Chinese using a forward-backward translation procedure. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and invariance testing were conducted with the single-factor model of ASES. Composite reliability (CR) and internal consistency were calculated based on Cronbach’s alpha.

Results
Upon re-specification of the model, CFA results for the hypothesized single-factor model with eight items indicated an acceptable fit (CFI = 0.959, TLI = 0.943, SRMR = 0.036, RMSEA = 0.065). Cronbach’s alpha and CR values were 0.785 and 0.880, respectively. Multi-group CFA results demonstrated measurement equivalence for the Chinese version of ASES across gender identities. The findings supported the measurement invariance of ASES-C for both male and female participants.

Conclusion
The ASES-C, consisting of one factor and eight items, is a reliable instrument for assessing Chinese university students’ self-efficacy in learning. Furthermore, it is suitable for making meaningful comparisons across gender identities.
Storage-related Haematological and Biochemical Changes in Sickle Cell Trait Donor Blood at Kisumu Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Kenya
Authors: Meshack Shiundu , Michael Walekhwa , Caroline Mangare , Amos Mbugua 
Published: September 2024

Background: Sickle cell trait (HbAS) donor blood, akin to normal hemoglobin (HbAA) blood, undergoes storage-induced hematological and biochemical changes that may impact its efficacy, safety, and viability. Detailed characterization of these changes in HbAS donors’ blood remains scarce. This study aimed to elucidate the storage-related hematological and biochemical changes in HbAS compared to HbAA donor blood.
Methods: The study used a prospective, laboratory-based experimental design. Sterile CPDA-anticoagulated blood (150 mL) was drawn into sample pouches attached to the main donor blood bags. Thirty units of HbAS and HbAA donor blood were analyzed for haematological and biochemical parameters. Assays for various parameters were performed at baseline and weekly intervals for four weeks. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS and R software, with one-way ANOVA applied to detect statistical differences. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Both sickle cell trait negative (HbAA) and positive (HbAS) donor blood showed notable changes. In HbAA blood, hemoglobin increased from 15.13 g/dL to 15.67 g/dL, hematocrit rose from 37.94% to 41.82%, hemolysis reached 0.54%, and platelet count dropped from 223.45 x 10⁹/L to 127.13 x 10⁹/L. For HbAS blood, hemoglobin rose from 13.78 g/dL to 15.12 g/dL, hematocrit increased from 40.98% to 45.07%, hemolysis hit 0.78%, and platelets dropped to 99.07 x 10⁹/L. LDH, potassium, and plasma bilirubin levels increased more sharply in HbAS blood than HbAA.
Conclusion: HbAS donor blood exhibits higher % hemolysis, more significant declines in RBC, PLT, and TWBC counts, and greater cellular degradation compared to HbAA donor blood.
Linked changes in marine dissolved organic carbon molecular size and radiocarbon age
Authors: Walker B. D. , Primeau F. W. , Beaupré S. R. , Guilderson T. P. , Druffel E. R. M. , McCarthy M. D. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMarine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a major global carbon reservoir, yet its cycling remains poorly understood. Previous work suggests that DOC molecular size and chemical composition can significantly affect its bioavailability. Thus, DOC size and composition may control DOC cycling and radiocarbon age (via Δ14C). Here we show that DOC molecular size is correlated to DOC Δ14C in the Pacific Ocean. Our results, based on a series of increasing molecular size fractions from three depths in the Pacific, show increasing DOC Δ14C with increasing molecular size. We use a size‐age distribution model to predict the DOC and Δ14C of ultrafiltered DOC. The model predicts both large and small surface DOC with high Δ14C and a narrow range (200–500 Da) of low Δ14C DOC. Deep model offsets suggest different size distributions and/or Δ14C sources at 670–915 m. Our results suggest that molecular size and composition are linked to DOC reactivity and storage in the ocean.
Doubling of annual ammonia emissions from the peat fires in Indonesia during the 2015 El Niño
Authors: Whitburn S. , Van Damme M. , Clarisse L. , Turquety S. , Clerbaux C. , Coheur P.‐F 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn the autumn of 2015, thousands of square kilometers of forest and peatlands in Indonesia went up in flames. Among the primary species emitted by fires, ammonia (NH3) is of special relevance for air quality. Here we derive daily and total NH3 emission fluxes over the affected area using satellite measurements for the years 2008–2015. The 2015 fires emitted an estimated 1.4–8.2 Tg of NH3 (with a maximum of 0.06–0.33 Tg d−1). On an annual basis, the 2015 NH3 emissions are a factor 2–3 larger than in the previous 7 years. We derive NH3 emission factors for peat soils, which are found to be 2.5–8 times lower than those used in the GFASv1.2 emission inventory but in excellent agreement with those reported in other recent studies. Finally, we estimate that 3.28 × 109 m3 peat soil was consumed during these 2015 fires, corresponding to an average burn depth of 39 cm.
The Circumglobal North American wave pattern and its relation to cold events in eastern North America
Authors: Harnik Nili , Messori Gabriele , Caballero Rodrigo , Feldstein Steven B. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractExtreme large‐scale North American cold events are associated with strong undulations in the tropospheric jet stream which bring cold polar air southward over the continent. Here we propose that these jet undulations are associated with the North American part of the Circumglobal Teleconnection Pattern—a pair of zonally oriented waves of zonal wave number 5 which are in zonal quadrature with each other. While the Pacific/North American pattern is associated with the first circumglobal wave pattern, North American extreme cold events are associated with the second pattern. The 300 hPa meridional wind and surface temperature anomalies associated with the Circumglobal North American wave packet are similar to those associated with the strongest eastern U.S. cold events. Both types of events are associated with a wave packet propagating all the way from Asia across the Pacific and across North America, with cold temperature anomalies spreading southeastward from Canada over the continent.
Kelvin‐Helmholtz wave at the subsolar magnetopause boundary layer under radial IMF
Authors: Grygorov K. , Němeček Z. , Šafránková J. , Přech L. , Pi G. , Shue J.‐H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe present the first observation of the Kelvin‐Helmholtz (KH) rolled‐up vortex at the dayside magnetopause layers under a radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). The study uses measurements of four Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) probes aligned along the YGSE axis about 10 RE upstream of the Earth and located in different regions of the near‐Earth environment. THEMIS C and A serve as monitors of the quiet solar wind and fluctuating magnetosheath conditions, respectively, and THEMIS D and E observe the magnetopause and low‐latitude boundary layer (LLBL) crossings. The analysis shows the following: (1) a radial IMF changes to the southward pointing magnetosheath magnetic field; (2) dayside reconnection forms the thin but dense LLBL; (3) a large velocity shear at the LLBL inner edge excites a train of KH waves; and (4) in spite of a short path from the subsolar point (≈5 RE), one of the KH waves exhibits all features of a fully developed rolled‐up vortex.
Estimating methane emissions in California's urban and rural regions using multitower observations
Authors: Jeong Seongeun , Newman Sally , Zhang Jingsong , Andrews Arlyn E. , Bianco Laura , Bagley Justin , Cui Xinguang , Graven Heather , Kim Jooil , Salameh Peter , LaFranchi Brian W. , Priest Chad , Campos‐Pineda Mixtli , Novakovskaia Elena , Sloop Christopher D. , Michelsen Hope A. , Bambha Ray P. , Weiss Ray F. , Keeling Ralph , Fischer Marc L. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe present an analysis of methane (CH4) emissions using atmospheric observations from 13 sites in California during June 2013 to May 2014. A hierarchical Bayesian inversion method is used to estimate CH4 emissions for spatial regions (0.3° pixels for major regions) by comparing measured CH4 mixing ratios with transport model (Weather Research and Forecasting and Stochastic Time‐Inverted Lagrangian Transport) predictions based on seasonally varying California‐specific CH4 prior emission models. The transport model is assessed using a combination of meteorological and carbon monoxide (CO) measurements coupled with the gridded California Air Resources Board (CARB) CO emission inventory. The hierarchical Bayesian inversion suggests that state annual anthropogenic CH4 emissions are 2.42 ± 0.49 Tg CH4/yr (at 95% confidence), higher (1.2–1.8 times) than the current CARB inventory (1.64 Tg CH4/yr in 2013). It should be noted that undiagnosed sources of errors or uncaptured errors in the model‐measurement mismatch covariance may increase these uncertainty bounds beyond that indicated here. The CH4 emissions from the Central Valley and urban regions (San Francisco Bay and South Coast Air Basins) account for ~58% and 26% of the total posterior emissions, respectively. This study suggests that the livestock sector is likely the major contributor to the state total CH4 emissions, in agreement with CARB's inventory. Attribution to source sectors for subregions of California using additional trace gas species would further improve the quantification of California's CH4 emissions and mitigation efforts toward the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (Assembly Bill 32).
Early Disease Activity or Clinical Response as Predictors of Long‐Term Outcomes With Certolizumab Pegol in Axial Spondyloarthritis or Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: van der Heijde D. , Deodhar A. , Fleischmann R. , Mease P. J. , Rudwaleit M. , Nurminen T. , Davies O. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveEarly identification of patients unlikely to achieve good long‐term disease control with anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy in axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is important for physicians following treat‐to‐target recommendations. Here we assess associations between disease activity or clinical response during the first 12 weeks of treatment and attainment of treatment targets at week 48 in axial SpA and PsA patients receiving certolizumab pegol.MethodsThe relationship between disease activity or clinical response during the first 12 weeks of treatment and achievement of week‐48 targets (for axial SpA: inactive disease based on Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score [ASDAS] using the C‐reactive protein [CRP] level, or Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index <2 with normal CRP level; and for PsA: minimal disease activity) was assessed post hoc using RAPID‐axSpA and RAPID‐PsA trial data.ResultsA clear relationship between disease activity from week 2 to 12 and achievement of week‐48 treatment targets was observed in both axial SpA and PsA populations. In axial SpA, week‐48 ASDAS inactive disease was achieved by 0% of patients (0 of 21) with ASDAS very high disease activity at week 12, compared to 68% of patients (34 of 50) with week‐12 ASDAS inactive disease. For PsA, week‐48 minimal disease activity was achieved by 0% of patients (0 of 26) with Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) using the CRP level >5.1 at week 12, compared to 73% of patients (57 of 78) with DAS28‐CRP <2.6. Similar results were observed regardless of the disease activity measure used. Clinical response at week 12 also predicted week‐48 outcomes, though to a lesser extent than disease activity.ConclusionUsing disease activity and the clinical response state during the first 12 weeks of certolizumab pegol treatment, it was possible to identify a subset of axial SpA and PsA patients unlikely to achieve long‐term treatment goals.
Effect of Disease Activity, Glucocorticoid Exposure, and Rituximab on Body Composition During Induction Treatment of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Wallace Zachary S. , Miloslavsky Eli M. , Cascino Matthew , Unizony Sebastian H. , Lu Na , Hoffman Gary S. , Kallenberg Cees G. M. , Langford Carol A. , Merkel Peter A. , Monach Paul A. , Seo Philip , Spiera Robert , St.Clair E. William , Specks Ulrich , Brunetta Paul , Choi Hyon K. , Stone John H. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveWe investigated the relationships between glucocorticoid use, disease activity, and changes in body mass index (BMI) in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV).MethodsWe analyzed AAV patients enrolled in the Rituximab in AAV trial. Glucocorticoid use, BMI, and disease activity were measured regularly during the trial period. We performed mixed‐effects regressions to examine the associations of time‐dependent cumulative average glucocorticoid use and disease activity with changes in BMI over time, while adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThe mean ± SD baseline BMI of the 197 patients enrolled was 28.8 ± 6.3 kg/m2. Patients with newly diagnosed AAV tended to have a lower mean ± SD BMI than those with relapsing disease (28.0 ± 5.7 kg/m2 versus 29.6 ± 6.8 kg/m2) and higher disease activity (mean ± SD Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score for Wegener's Granulomatosis 8.7 ± 3.3 versus 7.4 ± 2.7). The most significant change in BMI occurred during the first 6 months of the trial (mean ± SD increase of 1.1 ± 2.2 kg/m2; P < 0.0001). Disease activity improvement, glucocorticoid exposure, and randomization to rituximab were each independently associated with an increase in BMI (P < 0.001 for all analyses).ConclusionOur findings suggest that changes in BMI, as well as glucocorticoid exposure, are independently associated with improvements in disease activity in AAV. Rituximab may also have effects on BMI independent of its impact on disease activity.
Disease Activity During Pregnancy and the First Year Postpartum in Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Götestam Skorpen Carina , Lydersen Stian , Gilboe Inge‐Margrethe , Skomsvoll Johan Fredrik , Salvesen Kjell Å , Palm Øyvind , Koksvik Hege Suorza Svean , Jakobsen Bente , Wallenius Marianne 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveDisease activity measured by validated methods has been sparsely examined during and after pregnancy in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this study was to describe the longitudinal course of disease activity during pregnancy and the first year postpartum using the Lupus Activity Index in Pregnancy (LAI‐P).MethodsRevNatus is a nationwide Norwegian prospective observational register including women diagnosed with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. LAI‐P is a modified version of the LAI, with a good ability to assess disease activity in pregnant women with SLE. These indexes were used to assess disease activity at 6 visits (in trimesters 1, 2, and 3, and at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months postpartum). The longitudinal course of disease activity was analyzed using an ordinal logistic mixed model.ResultsA total of 757 visits (145 pregnancies) in women with SLE were included in the analysis. More than half (51.6%) of the disease activity scores indicated remission, and only 6.3% indicated moderate disease activity. The model showed a statistically significant and clinically relevant change in disease activity over time, and a higher disease activity 6 and 12 months postpartum compared to the third trimester and 6 weeks postpartum.ConclusionThe majority of women had low or no disease activity at conception and during pregnancy, with higher disease activity at 6 and 12 months after delivery. This points to the importance of tight disease control not only before and during pregnancy but also in the first year postpartum.
Studies on kinetics and thermodynamics of Cr(VI) adsorption onto sand to check feasibility of its use as tracer in oilfields
Authors: Balikram Archana , Ojha Keka 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe present investigation is aimed to evaluate the adsorption kinetics and its thermodynamics of Cr(VI) on sand. Effects of various parameters like pH, adsorbent dosages, adsorbate loading, concentration, contact time, and temperature were studied in detail. Among different kinetic models such as pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order, and intra‐particle diffusion, pseudo‐second‐order kinetics was found to fit best. The Langmuir isotherm adsorption model could describe the adsorption isotherm best compared to the other models. From the results, it was observed that adsorption of Cr(VI) was reduced to a negligible value at temperature > 50 °C and increased salinity, which specifies the feasibility of its application as tracer at reservoir condition. © 2016 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative Assessment of the Different American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Remission Definitions for Rheumatoid Arthritis for Their Use as Clinical Trial End Points
Authors: Mack Michael E. , Hsia Elizabeth , Aletaha Daniel 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveThe American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) have defined remission using Boolean‐ or index‐based criteria (i.e., a Simplified Disease Activity Index [SDAI] score of ≤3.3). We undertook this study to compare definitions of remission to inform choice of end points for future rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical trials, and we also included in our comparison the remission criterion of a score of ≤2.8 on the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI).MethodsWe performed post hoc analyses on clinical remission rates using data from 2 infliximab trials (the ASPIRE [Active‐Controlled Study of Patients Receiving Infliximab for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Early Onset] and ATTRACT [Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Trial in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Concomitant Therapy] trials) and 1 golimumab trial (the GO‐FORWARD trial). We investigated stringency of the different remission definitions, their power to discriminate between active drug and comparator, and aspects of their internal and external validity. We also investigated population determinants of discriminatory power for a particular remission end point.ResultsIn patients with early RA (the ASPIRE trial), ACR/EULAR Boolean, CDAI, and SDAI remission rates at 6–7 months were 4–6% for methotrexate (MTX) alone versus 11–14% for infliximab plus MTX. In patients with MTX‐refractory active RA (the ATTRACT and GO‐FORWARD trials), remission rates were ≤1% for comparator (add‐on of placebo) versus 4–6% for add‐on of infliximab in the ATTRACT trial and ≤3% for comparator (add‐on of placebo) versus 11–13% for add‐on of golimumab in the GO‐FORWARD trial. Existing remission cut points of different measures were generally comparable, with the Boolean criteria being somewhat more stringent than the SDAI and CDAI criteria. Remission rates were similar across definitions, as was average statistical power (CDAI, 55.6%; Boolean, 59.9%; SDAI, 62.6%).ConclusionRemission is an ambitious primary end point for RA clinical trials, to be reserved for selected scenarios based on power considerations. The ACR/EULAR definitions are interchangeable, with slightly higher stringency of Boolean criteria over index‐based criteria.
Atazanavir increases the plasma concentrations of 1200 mg raltegravir dose
Authors: Krishna Rajesh , East Lilly , Larson Patrick , Valiathan Chandni , Deschamps Kathleen , Luk Julie Ann , Bethel‐Brown Crystal , Manthos Helen , Brejda John , Gartner Michael 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRaltegravir is a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor currently marketed at a dose of 400 mg twice‐daily (b.i.d.). Raltegravir 1200 mg once‐daily (q.d.) (investigational q.d. formulation of 2 × 600 mg tablets; q.d. RAL) was found to be generally well tolerated and non‐inferior to the marketed 400 mg b.i.d. dose at 48 weeks in a phase 3 trial. Since raltegravir is eliminated mainly by metabolism via a uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1‐mediated glucuronidation pathway, co‐administration of UGT1A1 inhibitors may increase the plasma levels of q.d. RAL. To assess this potential, the drug interaction of 1200 mg raltegravir using atazanavir, a known UGT1A1 inhibitor, was studied. An open‐label, randomized, 2‐period, fixed‐sequence phase 1 study was performed in adult healthy male and female (non‐childbearing potential) subjects ≥ 19 and ≤ 55 years of age, with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 18.5 and ≤ 32.0 kg/m2. Subjects (n = 14) received a single oral dose of 1200 mg raltegravir in period 1. After a washout period of at least 7 days, the subjects received oral doses of 400 mg atazanavir q.d. for 9 consecutive days, with a single oral dose of 1200 mg raltegravir co‐administered on day 7 of period 2. Serial blood samples were collected for 72 h following raltegravir dosing and analysed using a validated bioanalytical method to quantify raltegravir plasma concentrations. Co‐administration with atazanavir yielded GMRs (90% CIs) for raltegravir AUC0‐∞, Cmax and C24 of 1.67 (1.34, 2.10), 1.16 (1.01, 1.33) and 1.26 (1.08, 1.46), respectively. There was no effect of raltegravir on serum total bilirubin. In contrast, atazanavir increased the mean bilirubin by up to 200%, an effect that was preserved in the atazanavir/raltegravir treatment group. Administration of single q.d. RAL alone and co‐administered with multiple oral doses of atazanavir were generally well tolerated in healthy subjects. The results show that atazanavir increased the PK exposure of raltegravir; therefore, co‐administration of atazanavir with raltegravir q.d. is not recommended. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.