bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PeTTSy: a computational tool for perturbation analysis of complex systems biology models
Authors: Domijan Mirela , Brown Paul E. , Shulgin Boris V. , Rand David A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background
Over the last decade sensitivity analysis techniques have been shown to be very useful to analyse complex and high dimensional Systems Biology models. However, many of the currently available toolboxes have either used parameter sampling, been focused on a restricted set of model observables of interest, studied optimisation of a objective function, or have not dealt with multiple simultaneous model parameter changes where the changes can be permanent or temporary.

Results
Here we introduce our new, freely downloadable toolbox, PeTTSy (Perturbation Theory Toolbox for Systems). PeTTSy is a package for MATLAB which implements a wide array of techniques for the perturbation theory and sensitivity analysis of large and complex ordinary differential equation (ODE) based models. PeTTSy is a comprehensive modelling framework that introduces a number of new approaches and that fully addresses analysis of oscillatory systems. It examines sensitivity analysis of the models to perturbations of parameters, where the perturbation timing, strength, length and overall shape can be controlled by the user. This can be done in a system-global setting, namely, the user can determine how many parameters to perturb, by how much and for how long. PeTTSy also offers the user the ability to explore the effect of the parameter perturbations on many different types of outputs: period, phase (timing of peak) and model solutions. PeTTSy can be employed on a wide range of mathematical models including free-running and forced oscillators and signalling systems.
To enable experimental optimisation using the Fisher Information Matrix it efficiently allows one to combine multiple variants of a model (i.e. a model with multiple experimental conditions) in order to determine the value of new experiments. It is especially useful in the analysis of large and complex models involving many variables and parameters.

Conclusions
PeTTSy is a comprehensive tool for analysing large and complex models of regulatory and signalling systems. It allows for simulation and analysis of models under a variety of environmental conditions and for experimental optimisation of complex combined experiments. With its unique set of tools it makes a valuable addition to the current library of sensitivity analysis toolboxes. We believe that this software will be of great use to the wider biological, systems biology and modelling communities.
Phylogenetic relationships within the cosmopolitan buckthorn family (Rhamnaceae) support the resurrection of Sarcomphalus and the description of Pseudoziziphus gen. nov.
Authors: Hauenschild Frank , Matuszak Sabine , Muellner-Riehl Alexandra N. , Favre Adrien 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUncertainties persist in the delineation of tribes and genera within the cosmopolitan and species‐rich Rhamnaceae. In this family, the identification of tribes and genera largely depends on combinations of traits rather than single synapomorphies, diagnostic morphological features being often shared among several clades. When taxonomic treatments based on morphological traits are in conflict with each other, phylogenetic reconstructions can help to guide taxonomic efforts. In this study, we present the largest molecular dataset to date for Rhamnaceae, by combining trnL‐trnF and ITS sequence data for more than 400 taxa, either newly sequenced or retrieved from GenBank. Our sampling design includes all 11 Rhamnaceae tribes and 57 genera. We used fasttree‐like searches, maximum likelihood estimates, and Bayesian analyses to generate a consensus phylogeny. Our reconstructions support most of the tribes as monophyletic, except Paliureae. Similarly, our analyses show the monophyly of most genera, with the exception of Ziziphus which appears to be paraphyletic. To preserve its monophyly, some species are excluded from Ziziphus and either attributed to the resurrected genus Sarcomphalus or to Pseudoziziphus, which is newly described here. Finally, our study highlights remaining uncertainties concerning phylogenetic relationships within Rhamnaceae, and identifies genera for which an increased sampling effort is encouraged.
About some eponyms in Taxonomic literature (TL-2)
Authors: Burkhardt Lotte 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTL‐2 is an important information source for eponyms in plant genera. Some of the entries in TL‐2 (among several hundred) do not correspond with the original dedication by the botanical author or other botanical or geographical information and genealogical literature. The differences, problems and corrections for those eponyms listed in TL‐2 are pointed out here.
Building care and compassion—introducing Lego Serious Play to HCA education
Authors: Hayes Catherine 
Published: March 2016

Lego Serious Play, an approach that seeks to foster creative thinking and teamwork, provides a mechanism by which adult learners can express their conscious thinking by using Lego bricks to physically represent their relationships with the outside world, their emotions and their building of meaning in relation to the world around them. Narrative storytelling is then used by the learners to articulate these ideas to an audience. They tell a story that represents issues of meaning in practice. This is a mechanism that involves using the hands in the process of creative expression, something that has long been documented in the field of cognitive neuroscience. This article provides an insight into how Lego Serious Play could potentially be integrated into the education and training of HCAs in practice, as a mechanism of facilitating their affective learning around care and compassion, subjects which have become so topical in the light of the Francis Report (2013) and the Cavendish Review (2013) . An adaptation of Gilbert's Multi-Modal Compassionate Mind Training is used to illustrate how Lego Serious Play might facilitate the construction of affective domain learning in healthcare assistant practice. The article concludes with an overview of how the process could improve the capacity of HCAs to communicate and articulate their contributions to HCA practice.
Behavior of canonical divisors under purely inseparable base changes
Authors: Tanaka Hiromu 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Let k be an imperfect field.
Let X be a regular variety over k and
set Y to be the normalization of

(

X

⊗
k

k

1
/

p
∞

)

red

{(X\otimes_{k}k^{1/p^{\infty}})_{{\rm red}}}

.
In this paper, we show that

K
Y

+
C

=

f
*

⁢

K
X

{K_{Y}+C=f^{*}K_{X}}

for some effective divisor C on Y.
We obtain the following three applications.
First, we show that a

K
X

{K_{X}}

-trivial fiber space with non-normal fibers is uniruled.
Second, we prove that general fibers of Mori fiber spaces are rationally chain connected.
Third, we obtain a weakening of the cone theorem for surfaces and threefolds defined over an imperfect field.
Gasification Reaction Characteristics of Ferro-Coke at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Jian-liang , Gao Bing 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this paper, the effects of temperature and atmosphere on the gasification reaction of ferro-coke were investigated in consideration of the actual blast furnace conditions. Besides, the microstructure of the cokes was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is found that the weight loss of ferro-coke during the gasification reaction is significantly enhanced in the case of increasing either the reaction temperature or the CO2 concentration. Furthermore, compared with the normal type of metallurgical coke, ferro-coke exhibits a higher weight loss when they are gasified at the same temperature or under the same atmosphere. As to the microstructure, inside the reacted ferro-coke are a large amount of pores. Contrary to the normal coke, the proportions of the large-size pores and the through holes are greatly increased after gasification, giving rise to thinner pore walls and hence a degradation in coke strength after reaction (CSR).
Enhancing Constructive Neural Network Performance Using Functionally Expanded Input Data
Authors: Bertini Junior João Roberto , Nicoletti Maria do Carmo 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Constructive learning algorithms are an efficient way to train feedforward neural networks. Some of their features, such as the automatic definition of the neural network (NN) architecture and its fast training, promote their high adaptive capacity, as well as allow for skipping the usual pre-training phase, known as model selection. However, such advantages usually come with the price of lower accuracy rates, when compared to those obtained with conventional NN learning approaches. This is, perhaps, the reason for conventional NN training algorithms being preferred over constructive NN (CoNN) algorithms. Aiming at enhancing CoNN accuracy performance and, as a result, making them a competitive choice for machine learning based applications, this paper proposes the use of functionally expanded input data. The investigation described in this paper considered six two-class CoNN algorithms, ten data domains and seven polynomial expansions. Results from experiments, followed by a comparative analysis, show that performance rates can be improved when CoNN algorithms learn from functionally expanded input data.
From Boredom to Dependence: The Medicalisation of the Swedish Gambling Problem
Authors: Edman Johan , Berndt Josefine 
Published: March 2016

Aims The aim of this study is to investigate the medicalising of gambling problems by comparing the political discussions on gambling in the Swedish Parliament in the early 1970s and the early 2010s. Design Against a theoretical background on medicalising processes in general, and medicalisation of gambling problems in particular, we have analysed discussion protocols and parliamentary bills in the Swedish Parliament from the years 1970–1975 and 2012–2013. Results The problem descriptions of the 1970s and 2010s are, in certain respects, strikingly similar, identifying proactive operators such as the gambling companies and highlighting an inadequate legal framework. But where the MPs of the 1970s put some effort into describing the drab society which fed the need for gambling, the elected representatives of the 2010s shortcut to individual dependence. Conclusions EU membership and the development of the Internet have made effective control and regulation impossible in the early 2010s and the political handling of the Swedish gambling problem is therefore a clear example of how market liberalisation can pave the way for individualisation, medicalisation and depoliticisation of social problems.
Attitudes of Social Gerontology and Physiotherapy Students Towards the Elderly
Authors: Kaker Diana Jeleč , Ovsenik Marija , Zupančič Jože 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background/Goal. Attitudes towards older persons are particularly important for healthcare students and practitioners. The aim of our work is to analyse the attitudes of social gerontology and physiotherapy students towards elderly persons.
Method. A structured questionnaire using the Kogan Attitudes towards Older People scale (KAOP) was used to collect data. Statistical methods were applied to evaluate the data: reliability test, t-test for independent samples and bivariate correlational analysis.
Results. Social gerontology and physiotherapy students accept the elderly with awareness and respect. Few age-related prejudices and stereotypes were found among them, and they do not problematise the elderly. Social gerontology students have more positive attitudes towards the elderly than physiotherapy students do. Male students and students who live in the same household with elderly persons are more appreciative towards them, but they have more prejudices; the same applies to a lesser extent to students who do not live in the same household with an elderly person.
Conclusion. Although minor deviations from a positive attitude were found, probably resulting from different experiences with elderly people, the results of this study raise hopes that respectful relations and cooperation across age groups will continue.
Bilinearization and new multi-soliton solutions of mKdV hierarchy with time-dependent coefficients
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Zhang Luyao 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this paper, Hirota’s bilinear method is extended to a new modified Kortweg–de Vries (mKdV) hierarchy with time-dependent coefficients. To begin with, we give a bilinear form of the mKdV hierarchy. Based on the bilinear form, we then obtain one-soliton, two-soliton and three-soliton solutions of the mKdV hierarchy. Finally, a uniform formula for the explicitN-soliton solution of the mKdV hierarchy is summarized. It is graphically shown that the obtained soliton solutions with time-dependent functions possess time-varying velocities in the process of propagation.
Assessment of Pharmacological Prophylaxis for Acute Pancreatitis Following ERCP in Patients with Choledoholithiasis
Authors: Łubowska-Pająk Ewa , Kołomecki Krzysztof 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an effective tool in the diagnostics and treatment of bile duct diseases. Although minimally invasive, the procedure is associated with a risk of complications, with acute pancreatitis being the most serious. In recent years, high hopes have been placed on pharmacological prevention of acute pancreatitis after ERCP.The aim of the study was assessment of the efficacy of low-molecular-weight heparin and somatostatin in combination with diclofenac in the prevention of acute pancreatitis after ERCP.Material and methods. The study enrolled three groups of 30 patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis; group I: patients who received low-molecular-weight heparin prior to ERCP, group II: patients who received somatostatin and diclofenac, group III: control group. The study assessed the incidence of acute pancreatitis, hyperamylasemia and increased CRP levels.Results. Acute pancreatitis was observed in 13.3% of group I patients, 10% of group II patients and 16.7% of group III patients (no statistical significance). Hyperamylasemia was observed in 16.7% of group I patients, 16.7% of group II patients and 43.3% of group III patients. These differences were statistically significant. No significant differences were found in the occurrence of increased CRP levels among the study groups.Conclusions. No significant reduction in the occurrence of acute pancreatitis after ERCP was observed in patients who received pharmacological prophylaxis. A significant reduction in the occurrence of hyperamylasemia was found in drug-treated patients.
Long-Term Results of Partial Nasal Reconstructions with Indian Flap
Authors: Iljin Aleksandra , Lewandowicz Edward , Starska Katarzyna , Antoszewski Bogusław 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe aim of the study was clinical evaluation of the results following reconstruction with the Indian flap in patients with partial nasal defects, and estimation of their postoperative life quality in functional and aesthetic aspects.Material and methods. We analyzed results in 38 patients who underwent reconstructions with the Indian flap in the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery between years 2000‑2013. The patients were followed-up for at least 2 years. We estimated their life quality in aesthetic and functional aspects after surgery.Results. Observed complications of nasal reconstruction were alar asymmetry in 6 patients (15.8%), nasal obstruction in 6 persons (15.8%), wide postoperative scar in 4 (10.5%), and non-aesthetic appearance of the donor site in two cases (5.3%). Estimation of life quality post surgery in the examined group of patients revealed significant postoperative improvement in both functional and aesthetic aspects.Conclusions. 1. Reconstructions of nasal defects with the Indian flap resulted in satisfactory longterm postoperative results, which confirms the efficiency of the applied technique. 2. Reconstructive surgery with Indian flap of individuals with partial nasal defects contributed to significant postoperative improvement in both functional and aesthetic aspects and their life quality.
Laparosocopic Appendectomy, Cost-Effectiveness of Three Different Techniques Used to Close the Appendix Stump
Authors: Matyja Maciej , Strzałka Marcin , Rembiasz Kazimierz 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIt is generally agreed that laparoscopic appendectomy is a valuable operative method.The aim of the study was to evaluate cost-effectiveness of three different techniques used to close the appendix stump.Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective study that compared three groups of patients who were operated on laparoscopically for acute appendicitis in 2013 at our institution. We used an endoscopic clip to close the appendix stump in the first group (n=20), endoscopic stapler was applied in the second group (n=20), and in the third group of patients the appendix base was closed with a laparoscopic suture (n=20). These groups were matched by age, sex and BMI.Results. The average operative cost was the highest in the second group. Cost of the laparoscopic appendectomy with the application of the endoscopic clip was significantly lower (first group) and comparable to the third group. Observed differences in total hospitalization costs were associated only with the chosen appendix stump closure technique.Conclusions. Clip closure of the appendix base is an easy and cost-effective procedure. The laparoscopic suture technique is the cheapest but technically demanding. According to our experience endoscopic stapler may be useful in some cases, although it is the most expensive method.
Bleeding Liver Tumor in a Patient on Anticoagulation Therapy – Case Report
Authors: Migdalski Łukasz , Kuzdak Krzysztof 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIntraabdominal bleeding is a serious surgical problem, particularly in elderly patients following an anticoagulant therapy. It occurs, that abdominal haemorrhage is the first symptom of hepatocellular carcinoma, mostly in Asians and Africans, occasionally in Europeans. The article's author shows a case of an elderly man, treated by Acenocumarolum, in a haemorrhagic shock. During an operation a bleeding liver tumor was revealed. The surgical team performed an effectual tumor resection and stoped the bleeding.
Lösungsansätze für eine bedarfsgerechte Versorgungsplanung
Authors: Ozegowski Susanne 
Published: March 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Die Reform der ambulanten Bedarfsplanung der Vertragsärzte steht erneut auf der Aufgabenliste des G-BA. In dem Beitrag werden Leitplanken für diese Reform anhand von sechs Thesen postuliert. Die zentrale Herausforderung besteht nach Ansicht der Autorin darin, die Bedarfsplanung zu einer sektorenübergreifenden Planung auszubauen. Dafür ist es jedoch entscheidend, im ersten Schritt ein Zielbild für sektorenübergreifende Versorgungsstrukturen und Versorgungspfade zu entwickeln.
Endothelial Sphingosine 1‑Phosphate Receptor‑1 Mediates Protection and Recovery from Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Perry Heather M. , Huang Liping , Ye Hong , Liu Chong , Sung Sun-sang J. , Lynch Kevin R. , Rosin Diane L. , Bajwa Amandeep , Okusa Mark D. 
Published: March 2016

Epithelial and endothelial injury and a cascade of immune and interstitial cell activation in the kidney lead to AKI. After mild to moderate AKI, the epithelium can regenerate and restore kidney function, yet little is known about the endothelium during these repair processes. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1), a G protein–coupled receptor, is necessary for vascular homeostasis. Here, we used an inducible genetic approach in a mouse model of AKI, ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI), to determine the temporal effects of endothelial S1P1 during AKI. Deletion of endothelial S1P1 before IRI exacerbated kidney injury and inflammation, and the delayed deletion of S1P1 after IRI prevented kidney recovery, resulting in chronic inflammation and progressive fibrosis. Specifically, S1P1 directly suppressed endothelial activation of leukocyte adhesion molecule expression and inflammation. Altogether, the data indicate activation of endothelial S1P1 is necessary to protect from IRI and permit recovery from AKI. Endothelial S1P1 may be a therapeutic target for the prevention of early injury as well as prevention of progressive kidney fibrosis after AKI.
Professional Demographic Factors That Influence Iranian Auditors Perceptions Of The Fraud-Detecting Effectiveness Of Red Flags
Authors: Yang Weifang , Moyes Glen D. , Hamedian Hamed , Rahdarian Azar 
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between professional demographic factors concerning external and internal auditors and the perceived level of effectiveness of the Statement of Auditing Standard (SAS) No. 99 red flags in detecting fraudulent financial reporting activities as perceived by external and internal auditors. The six hypotheses are: (1) the type of auditors using red flags to detect fraud, (2) highest degrees received by auditors, (3) areas that auditors majored in at universities, (4) auditors’ accumulated knowledge of red flags, (5) auditors who have or have not used red flags to detect fraud, and (6) auditors whohave or have not received in-house red flag training. The six hypotheses explore how six professional demographic factors may influence the level of fraud-detecting effectiveness of the SAS No. 99 red flags as perceived by 227 external and internal auditors in Iran. The results of this study indicate that all six hypotheses were accepted. In conclusion, the level of fraud-detecting effectiveness of these red flags as perceived by the Iranian auditors may be influenced by the following factors: (1) the type of auditors, (2) the highest degrees received by auditors, (3) areas that auditors majored in at universities, (4) knowledge about red flags accumulated by auditors, (5) auditors whohave or have not previously used red flags to detect fraud, and (6) auditors whohave or have not previously received in-house red flag training.
The Dimensions Of Womens Contribution To The Workforce In Agriculture: The Turkey Case
Authors: Gulcubuk Bulent 
Published: March 2016

In less developed and developing countries, women make less use of the benefits resulting from development. Women take part in every stage of production and also shoulder the difficulties of life loaded onto them by their roles within and outside the family. However, the use, distribution, and management of the income created in the family is unjust, and women do not have access to sources such as loans. Women are negatively affected by both the traditional social class structure and the inequality between the socially defined gender roles and statuses. This situation becomes more apparent for especially women who work in agriculture in rural areas. Although women’s contribution to the workforce is high due to the fact that they work as unpaid agricultural workers in rural areas, the employment of women in agriculture decreases due to the general decrease of employment in this sector. Women working in agriculture cannot continue taking part in the workforce when they leave the sector or when they move to another region. Women who do take part in the workforce, do low status work requiring no qualifications and without any job security. This may result in women being isolated from work life as well as social life. In Turkey, where social gender roles are shaped by social factors, that is, social gender based distribution of responsibilities, women are usually considered to be responsible for housework and raising children. To a large extent, the domestic responsibilities of women prevent them from searching for a job and joining the work force. Women are expected to first be a housewife and mother. In rural areas, women are unpaid family workers who do agricultural work as an extension of their domestic work. These features of women’s life in rural areas make it necessary to study, discuss and find solutions to the problems of women in rural areas, and to develop relevant strategies.