bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drosophila vinculin is more harmful when hyperactive than absent, and can circumvent integrin to form adhesion complexes
Authors: Maartens Aidan P. , Wellmann Jutta , Wictome Emma , Klapholz Benjamin , Green Hannah , Brown Nicholas H. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
Vinculin is a highly conserved protein involved in cell adhesion and mechanotransduction, and both gain and loss of its activity causes defective cell behaviour. Here, we examine how altering vinculin activity perturbs integrin function within the context of Drosophila development. Whereas loss of vinculin produced relatively minor phenotypes, gain of vinculin activity, through a loss of head–tail autoinhibition, caused lethality. The minimal domain capable of inducing lethality is the talin-binding D1 domain, and this appears to require talin-binding activity, as lethality was suppressed by competition with single vinculin-binding sites from talin. Activated Drosophila vinculin triggered the formation of cytoplasmic adhesion complexes through the rod of talin, but independently of integrin. These complexes contain a subset of adhesion proteins but no longer link the membrane to actin. The negative effects of hyperactive vinculin were segregated into morphogenetic defects caused by its whole head domain and lethality caused by its D1 domain. These findings demonstrate the crucial importance of the tight control of the activity of vinculin.
Atg20- and Atg24-family proteins promote organelle autophagy in fission yeast
Authors: Zhao Dan , Liu Xiao-Man , Yu Zhong-Qiu , Sun Ling-Ling , Xiong Xingchuang , Dong Meng-Qiu , Du Li-Lin 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
Autophagy cargos include not only soluble cytosolic materials but also bulky organelles, such as ER and mitochondria. In budding yeast, two proteins that contain the PX domain and the BAR domain, Atg20 and Atg24 (also known as Snx42 and Snx4, respectively) are required for organelle autophagy and contribute to general autophagy in a way that can be masked by compensatory mechanisms. It remains unclear why these proteins are important for organelle autophagy. Here, we show that in a distantly related fungal organism, the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, autophagy of ER and mitochondria is induced by nitrogen starvation and is promoted by three Atg20- and Atg24-family proteins – Atg20, Atg24 and SPBC1711.11 (named here as Atg24b). These proteins localize at the pre-autophagosomal structure, or phagophore assembly site (PAS), during starvation. S. pombe Atg24 forms a homo-oligomer and acts redundantly with Atg20 and Atg24b, and the latter two proteins can form a hetero-oligomer. The organelle autophagy defect caused by the loss of these proteins is associated with a reduction of autophagosome size and a decrease in Atg8 accumulation at the PAS. These results provide new insights into the autophagic function of Atg20- and Atg24-family proteins.
Simple and adaptable R implementation of WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk charts for all epidemiological subregions of the world
Authors: Collins Dylan , Lee Joseph , Bobrovitz Niklas , Koshiaris Constantinos , Ward Alison , Heneghan Carl J. 
Published: October 2016

The World Health Organisation and International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment charts have been implemented in many low- and middle-income countries as part of the WHO Package of Essential Non-Communicable Disease (PEN) Interventions for Primary Health Care in Low-Resource settings. Evaluation of the WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk charts and their use is a key priority and since they only exist in paper or PDF formats, we developed a simple R implementation of the charts for all epidemiological subregions of the world. The main strengths of this implementation are that it is built in a free, open-source, coding language with simple syntax, can be modified by the user, and can be used with a standard computer.
INVESTIGATION OF VIBROACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GAS-PUMPING UNITS OF GTK-10-4 TYPE
Authors: Дроконов Алексей , Drokonov Aleksey , Дроконов Алексей , Drokonov Aleksey 
Published: October 2016

The investigation of vibroacoustic characteristic of gas-pumping units of GTK-10-4 type.
Power units improvement, as a rule, results in the decrease of units steel intensity and under conditions of the increase of airgas flows and facilities developed it causes a growth of vibroacoustic activity of plants elements.
Taking into account this factor, it is necessary to develop measures to reduce noise and vibrations in sources of their origin at the design elaboration both at the stage of design, and at the stage of reengineering. With this purpose there are carried out the investigations of noise and vibration characteristics of a gaspumping unit of GTK-10-4 type equipped with a sta-tionary gas-turbine unit with a capacity of 10 MWt and a natural gas supercharger of 520-12-1 type manufactured by NZL.
The noise and vibration sources of impeller ma-chines are studied, their vibroacoustic characteristics are analyzed, and the methods to reduce vibroacoustic activity of gas-pumping units of such a type operating at compressor stations of trunk pipelines are offered.
DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIALIZED MODULES OF DESIGN PREPARATION FOR ORDER FORMATION OF VOLUMETRIC HYDRAULIC DRIVE
Authors: Козленков Александр , Kozlenkov Aleksandr , Аверченков Андрей , Averchenkov Andrey , Орехов Дмитрий , Orekhov Dmitriy 
Published: October 2016

This paper reports the consideration of problems in the automation of an application formation for the design of a hydraulic drive and further automation of the design preparation of production.
The matter concerns the problems in the formation of an application for designing hydraulic equipment which arise mainly in small-scale and medium companies. The process of an application formation at the “Borox-Hydraulic” is under consideration before the appearance of specialized modules and after their occurrence. A database of all basic elements of a volumetric hydraulic drive is under development for the selection of optimum elements a method of analytical hierarchies is used.
The methods offered modules developed are applicable at small-scale enterprises engaged in repair and manufacturing hydraulic equipment. The application of modules developed reduces considerably the process of an application workup, and the libraries developed of elements allow a designer to create easily new products. With the aid of analytical hierarchies one chooses optimum elements which could be selected from the list of the most essential ones and use at the development of new equipment.
SHAPING ERROR OF SOLIDS OF REVOLUTION AT USE OF RAPID PROTOTYPING TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Ларионов Максим , Larionov Maksim , Куликов Михаил , Kulikov Mikhail , Гусев Денис , Gusev Denis 
Published: October 2016

The purpose of the work was the study of error appearance in cylindrical surfaces at prototyping. To achieve the purposed specified there were developed sketches of parts of “cylinder” type. On the basis of the sketches there were created 3D computer models in the CAD medium. Cylinder growth took place at an angle of 90° to a basic surface of a working platform with a pitch of a platform z=50 mkm at the thickness of a layer hc=0.005 mkm. Among basic requirements made for cylinders under investigations consist in circularity and cylindrical shape and also surface layer quality according to an arithmetic mean of Ra. Parts were typed according to the technology of quick prototyping (Rapid Prototyping - RP) – Direct Light Projection – DLP of hightemperature resin.
To obtain data calculated there was used a simulator of A.I. Grabchenko which underwent some changes and was used for the technology of DLP rapid prototyping. For more accurate and deep investigations a coordinate measuring Metris LKV machine for the elevation of a surface layer quality was used.
It is evident from the results presented that at empirical investigations of a cylindrical surface grown according to the technology of DLP rapid prototyping and at the computation of shaping error the results convergence makes 96.6.3%.
Comparison between procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in predicting bacteremias and confounding factors: a case-control study
Authors: Nishikawa Hirokazu , Shirano Michinori , Kasamatsu Yu , Morimura Ayumi , Iida Ko , Kishi Tomomi , Goto Tetsushi , Okamoto Saki , Ehara Eiji 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackground:The detection of infectious bacteria in blood culture samples is important for diagnosis and treatment, but this requires 1–2 days at least, and is not adequate as a rapid test. Therefore, we have investigated the diagnostic ability and the optimal cutoff value of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for predicting the bacteremias using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and relative cumulative frequency distribution (RCD) curves.Methods:A case-control study was performed in inpatients (852 subjects: 426 positive cultures and 426 negative cultures) from January 1 to December 31, 2014. We retrospectively investigated their blood culture and blood chemistry findings recorded in this period using electronic medical records.Results:Area under the ROC curve of PCT and CRP were 0.79 and 0.66, respectively. The optimal cutoff values were 0.5 μg/L with a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 70% for PCT and 50.0 mg/L with a sensitivity of 63% and specificity of 65% for CRP. When the optimal cutoff value was treated as a reference, the odds ratio (OR) was 71.11 and the hazard ratio (HR) was 6.27 for PCT >2.0 μg/L, and the risk of blood culture positivity was markedly elevated. PCT levels were significantly higher in the population with Gram-negative rod (GNR) infections than in the population with Gram-positive coccal (GPC) infections.Conclusions:The elevation of CRP and PCT were significantly associated with bacteremias. PCT was superior to CRP as a diagnostic indicator for predicting bacteremias, for discriminating bacterial from nonbacterial infections, and for determining bacterial species.
Turning back to experience in Cognitive Linguistics via phenomenology
Authors: Zlatev Jordan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCognitive Linguistics began as an apotheosis of lived experience, but has over the years diversified into many different stands, interpreting the notion of “experience” and along with it the notion of “cognition” in conflicting ways: individual or social, prelinguistic or linguistic, unconscious or conscious? These issues are not only philosophical as they hold crucial implications for methodology. Here, I propose that most of them can be resolved with the help ofphenomenology, “the study of human experience and of the ways things present themselves to us in and through such experience” (Sokolowski 2000.Introduction to phenomenology. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2). Cogent syntheses are proposed to the individual/social and prelinguistic/linguistic debates, showing that scholars like Langacker, Talmy and Itkonen have focused on complementary aspects of implicitly phenomenological investigations. Third-person, “objective” methods are necessary for extending the scope of such investigations, but epistemologically secondary. Thus, the focus of Cognitive Linguistics can be brought back to experience, albeit in a more mature manner than 30 years ago.
“Cognitive Linguistics: Looking back, looking forward”
Authors: Divjak Dagmar , Levshina Natalia , Klavan Jane 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSince its conception, Cognitive Linguistics as a theory of language has been enjoying ever increasing success worldwide. With quantitative growth has come qualitative diversification, and within a now heterogeneous field, different – and at times opposing – views on theoretical and methodological matters have emerged. The historical “prototype” of Cognitive Linguistics may be described as predominantly of mentalist persuasion, based on introspection, specialized in analysing language from a synchronic point of view, focused on West-European data (English in particular), and showing limited interest in the social and multimodal aspects of communication. Over the past years, many promising extensions from this prototype have emerged. The contributions selected for the Special Issue take stock of these extensions along the cognitive, social and methodological axes that expand the cognitive linguistic object of inquiry across time, space and modality.
Cross-domain based Event Recommendation
using Tensor Factorization
Authors: Arora Anuja , Taneja Vaibhav , Parashar Sonali , Mishra Apurva 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Context in the form of meta-data has been accredited
as an important component in cross-domain collaborative
filtering (CDCF). In this research paper CDCF
concept is used to exploit event information (context)
from two UI matrices to allow the recommendation performance
of one domain (Facebook- User-Event Matrix)
to benefit from the information from another domain
(Bookmyshow- Event-Tag Matrix). The model based collaborative
filtering approach Tensor Factorization(TF) has
been used to integrate Facebook provided User-Event context
information with Bookmyshow Event-Tag context information
to recommend events. In contrast to the standard
collaborative tag recommendation, our CDCF approach
uses one User-Event matrix of Facebook that takes
another Bookmyshow Event-Tag matrix as additional informant.
The proposed cross-domain based Event Recommendation
approach is divided into three modules- i) data
collection which extracts the unstructured dataset from
the two domains Bookmyshow and social networking site
Facebook using API’s; ii) data mapping module which is
basically used to integrate the common knowledge/ data
that can be shared between considered different domains
(Facebook & Bookmyshow). This module integrates and
reduces the data into structured events’ instances. As the
dataset was collected from two different sites, an intersection
of both was taken out. Therefore this module is carefully
designed according to reliability of information that
is common between two domains; iii) 3 order tensor factorization
and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) used for
most preferable recommendation by less pertinent result reduction. The proposed 3 order tensor factorization is designed
for maximizing the mutual benefit from both the
considered domains (organizer and user). Therefore providing
three recommendations: For organizers: 1) system
recommends places to conduct specific event according to
maximum of attendees of a particular type of event at a
specific location; 2) recommending target audience to organizer:
those who are interested to attend event on the
basis of past data for promotion purposes. For users: 3) recommending
events to users of their interest on the basis of
past record. Our result shows significant improvement in
reduction of less relevant data and result effectiveness is
measured through recall and precision. Reduction of less
relevant recommendation is 64%, 72% and 63% for place
recommendation to organizer, target audience recommendation
to organizer and event recommendation to user
respectively. The proposed tensor factorization approach
achieved 68% precision, 15.5% recall in recommending attendees
to organizer and 62% precision, 13.4% recall for
event recommendation to user.
A note on the relationship between Scandinavian and Low German
Authors: Berg Ivar 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRecent work on language contact between Scandinavian and Low German during the Middle Ages widely assumes that the varieties were linguistically close enough to permit some kind of receptive multilingualism, and hence an example of dialect contact. Two arguments that have been invoked in support of this scenario are the lack of (1) meta-linguistic comments on flawed understanding, and (2) attested bilingualism. However, towards the end of the most intense contact period, in the early sixteenth century, there is indeed meta-linguistic information in the preserved sources suggesting that intelligibility was restricted. Furthermore, there are also examples of code-switching and active bilingualism indicating that the varieties were clearly perceived as distinct languages. This paper presents such examples from Norwegian primary sources that have not been observed in recent scholarship. Based on this evidence, it is argued that the relationship between the languages by the early sixteenth century was asymmetric, Scandinavians being able to understand Low German more often than vice versa.
Trilingualism in early modern Norwich
Authors: Joby Christopher 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe aim of this article is to illustrate the importance of employing archival sources in order to identify when and to what extent a language was used during a particular period in history. It takes as an example Trudgill’s claim that from about 1565, as a result of immigration by Dutch and French speakers from the Low Countries, Norwich was a trilingual city for as much as two hundred years. After a brief description of multilingualism in early modern England and an analysis of the term trilingual, it discusses how Trudgill uses secondary sources to substantiate his claim. The article then challenges this claim, by employing archival material in order to assess how long after 1565 Dutch and French continued to be used in Norwich in the most important social domains: the church, the home, education, the work domain, the law and literature. What emerges is that although certain functions within the church domain continued to be performed in these languages into the eighteenth century, as a result of language shift and attrition, Norwich ceased to be trilingual in any meaningful sense by the middle of the seventeenth century.
Evidentiality in Early Modern English Medical Treatises (1500–1700)
Authors: Whitt Richard Jason 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis study investigates diachronic trends in the use of evidential markers in Early Modern English medical treatises (1500–1700), with data drawn from theCorpus of Early Modern English Medical Texts. The state of medical thought and practice in Early Modern England is discussed, with particular focus on the changing role that Scholasticism played during this period. The nature of evidentiality and types of scholastic vs. non-scholastic evidence are given attention, and quantitative results are outlined. It is shown that as scholastic models of medicine gave way to more empirically-driven approaches, the use of evidential markers indicating direct perceptual and inferential evidence increased drastically, while the use of markers signaling reported information – particularly information mediated by classical authorities – decreased significantly. The results are finally discussed in light of discursive and typological considerations relating to contextual changes accompanying the reference to classical authors as sources of evidence, as well as the notion of “marked” and “unmarked” evidence types.
Intelligent Tutoring Systems
Authors: Bradáč Vladimír , Kostolányová Kateřina 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The importance of intelligent tutoring systems has rapidly increased in past decades. There has been an exponential growth in the number of ends users that can be addressed as well as in technological development of the environments, which makes it more sophisticated and easily implementable. In the introduction, the paper offers a brief overview of intelligent tutoring systems. It then focuses on two types that have been designed for education of students in the tertiary sector. The systems use elements of adaptivity in order to accommodate as many users as possible. They serve both as a support of presence lessons and, primarily, as the main educational environment for students in the distance form of studies – e-learning. The systems are described from the point of view of their functionalities and typical features that show their differences. The authors conclude with an attempt to choose the best features of each system, which would lead to creation of an even more sophisticated intelligent tutoring system for e-learning.
An elementary proof of Fermat’s last theorem for all even exponents
Authors: Karmakar Sudhangshu B. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAn elementary proof that the equation x2n + y2n = z2n can not have any non-zero positive integer solutions when n is an integer ≥ 2 is presented. To prove that the equation has no integer solutions it is first hypothesized that the equation has integer solutions. The absence of any integer solutions of the equation is justified by contradicting the hypothesis.
Situated LSP Translation from a Cognitive Translational Perspective
Authors: Krüger Ralph 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis paper takes a cognitive translational perspective on the field of specialised translation. In a first step, it surveys the three cognitive scientific paradigms of symbol manipulation, connectionism and situated cognition and discusses the influence of these three paradigms on the development of cognitive translation studies. The currently dominating cognitive scientific paradigm of situated cognition and the corresponding translation theory of situated translation (Risku 2004) then serve as a basis for developing the Cologne Model of the Situated LSP Translator, which attempts to give a comprehensive account of the relevant factors influencing the LSP translator’s cognitive performance in real-world translation settings. While discussing the structure and components of the model, I will illustrate potential areas of application and possible research perspectives than can be derived from it.
Funktionaler Vergleich der Höflichkeit im Deutschen und Koreanischen
Authors: Kab-Nyun Kim 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPoliteness exists in all society and in many diverse ways. This is because it is based on the common value system. Politeness helps to secure social coexistence of individuals as well as helps to achieve goals of the society that individuals belongs to, which is to form a society with less conflictive coexistence. Politeness has a special meaning because it is on the cross walk of culture, social, cognition, and language, in relation to communicative competence. A range of studies regarding politeness have already been conducted. However, past research about politeness was on the premises in which it hypotheses that politeness applies to all cultures the same, but it overlooks the cultural differences of all cultures in different societies. It is necessary to conduct this new research because previous studies such as Lakoff, Leech, and Brown/Levionson have focused on universal politeness.
A Detectorist’s Utopia? Archaeology and Metal-Detecting in England and Wales
Authors: Lewis Michael 
Published: October 2016

AbstractArchaeologists in England and Wales have a long tradition of liaising with metal-detectorists,
particularly following the reform of Treasure law and advent of the Portable Antiquities Scheme - a project to
record archaeological finds discovered by the public. Although this process of dialogue has been seen by most
as productive and mutually beneficial, there still remain issues that divide archaeologists and detectorists.
This paper will highlight some of these with a view to possible solutions.
Part of Speech Tagging for Ancient Greek
Authors: Celano Giuseppe G. A. , Crane Gregory , Majidi Saeed 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this article we report the results for five POS taggers, i.e., the Mate tagger, the Hunpos tagger,
RFTagger, theOpenNLP tagger, andNLTKUnigramtagger, tested on the data of the Ancient Greek Dependency
Treebank. This is done in order to find the most efficient POS tagger to use for pre-annotation of new treebank
data. A corrected 1-run 10-fold cross validation t test shows that the Mate tagger outperforms all the other
taggers, with an accuracy score of 88%.