bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Density Functional Theory Analysis of Anthraquinone Derivative Hydrogenation over Palladium Catalyst
Authors: Yuan Enxian , Wang Li , Zhang Xiangwen , Feng Ren , Wu Chan , Li Guozhu 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA density functional theory (DFT) analysis was conducted on the hydrogenation of 2‐alkyl‐anthraquinone (AQ), including 2‐ethyl‐9,10‐anthraquinone (eAQ) and 2‐ethyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐9,10‐anthraquinone (H4eAQ), to the corresponding anthrahydroquinone (AQH2) over a Pd6H2 cluster. Hydrogenation of H4eAQ is suggested to be more favorable than that of eAQ owing to a higher adsorption energy of the reactant (H4eAQ), lower barrier of activation energy, and smaller desorption energy of the target product (2‐ethyl‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐9,10‐anthrahydroquinone, H4eAQH2). For the most probable reaction routes, the energy barrier of the second hydrogenation step of AQ is circa 8 kcal mol−1 higher than that of the first step. Electron transfer of these processes were systematically investigated. Facile electron transfer from Pd6H2 cluster to AQ/AQH intermediate favors the hydrogenation of C=O. The electron delocalization over the boundary aromatic ring of AQ/AQH intermediate and the electron‐withdrawing effect of C=O are responsible for the electron transfer. In addition, a pathway of the electron transfer is proposed for the adsorption and subsequent hydrogenation of AQ on the surface of Pd6H2 cluster. The electron transfers from the abstracted H atom (reactive H) to a neighbor Pd atom (PdH), and finally goes to the carbonyl group through the C4 atom of AQ aromatic ring (C4).
Supramolecular Hemicage Cobalt Mediators for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Freitag Marina , Yang Wenxing , Fredin Lisa A. , D'Amario Luca , Karlsson K. Martin , Hagfeldt Anders , Boschloo Gerrit 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA new class of dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using the hemicage cobalt‐based mediator [Co(ttb)]2+/3+ with the highly preorganized hexadentate ligand 5,5′′,5′′′′‐((2,4,6‐triethyl benzene‐1,3,5‐triyl)tris(ethane‐2,1‐diyl))tri‐2,2′‐bipyridine (ttb) has been fully investigated. The performances of DSSCs sensitized with organic D–π–A dyes utilizing either [Co(ttb)]2+/3+ or the conventional [Co(bpy)3]2+/3+ (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine) redox mediator are comparable under 1000 W m−2 AM 1.5 G illumination. However, the hemicage complexes exhibit exceptional stability under thermal and light stress. In particular, a 120‐hour continuous light illumination stability test for DSSCs using [Co(ttb)]2+/3+ resulted in a 10 % increase in the performance, whereas a 40 % decrease in performance was found for [Co(bpy)3]2+/3+ electrolyte‐based DSSCs under the same conditions. These results demonstrate the great promise of [Co(ttb)]2+/3+ complexes as redox mediators for efficient, cost‐effective, large‐scale DSSC devices.
Rhodium Dopants on Zn2GeO4 Surfaces as Active Sites for Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Yu Lei , Li Yu Hang , Wang Xue Lu , Chen Ai Ping , Yang Hua Gui 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDoping has been widely used to engineer efficient photocatalysts for the water‐splitting process in energy conversion and storage systems. Although composition tuning through heteroatom doping is one of the strategies to enhance photoactivity, the origin of the increased activity by doping remains unclear and most illustrations of its role fall in the band engineering area. Herein, it is reported that the rhodium dopants on the surface of Zn2GeO4, which affect the band structure negligibly, can act as active sites for water splitting. As a result, the Rhδ+/Zn2GeO4 photocatalyst demonstrates excellent stability for up to 460 days and significant enhancement of the photocatalytic activity to that of the undoped photocatalyst. The findings in this work may open the door for a rethink of the detailed principles of dopants in photocatalysis, and highlight a feasible route to fabricating efficient photocatalysts.
Effect of wire fretting on the corrosion resistance of common medical alloys
Authors: Siddiqui Danyal A. , Sivan Shiril , Weaver Jason D. , Di Prima Matthew 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMetallic medical devices such as intravascular stents can undergo fretting damage in vivo that might increase their susceptibility to pitting corrosion. As a result, the US Food and Drug Administration has recommended that such devices be evaluated for corrosion resistance after the devices have been fatigue tested in situations where significant micromotion can lead to fretting damage. Three common alloys that cardiovascular implants are made from [MP35N cobalt chromium (MP35N), electropolished nitinol (EP NiTi), and 316LVM stainless steel (316LVM)] were selected for this study. In order to evaluate the effect of wire fretting on the pitting corrosion susceptibility of these medical alloys, small and large fretting scar conditions of each alloy fretting against itself, and the other alloys in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C were tested per ASTM F2129 and compared against as received or PBS immersed control specimens. Although the general trend observed was that fretting damage significantly lowered the rest potential (Er) of these specimens (p < 0.01), fretting damage had no significant effect on the breakdown potential (Eb, p > 0.05) and hence did not affect the susceptibility to pitting corrosion. In summary, our results demonstrate that fretting damage in PBS alone is not sufficient to cause increased susceptibility to pitting corrosion in the three common alloys investigated. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2487–2494, 2017.
Use of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging in identifying the vascular and avascular zones of human meniscus
Authors: Guo Tan , Chen Juan , Wu Bing , Zheng Dandan , Jiao Sheng , Song Yan , Chen Min 
Published: September 2016

PurposeTo investigate the hypothesis that the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion‐weighted imaging may depict microcirculation of meniscus and the perfusion changes in meniscal disorder.Materials and MethodsFifty patients received diffusion‐weighted MRI with multiple b‐values ranging from 0 to 400 s/mm2. The four horns of the menisci were divided into normal, degenerated, and torn groups. IVIM parameters including perfusion fraction (f), pseudo‐diffusion coefficient (D*), true diffusion coefficient (D), and the product of f and D* (f D*) of normal meniscal red zone and white zone were derived and compared for microcirculation changes of normal, degenerated, and torn posterior horn of the medial meniscus (PMM). The parameters between red and white zones among the groups were compared. Significant differences were considered when P < 0.05.ResultsMean f and fD* were significantly higher in the red zone than those in the white zone for the normal four meniscal horns (P < 0.05), whereas D* (P = 0.882, 0.011, 0.593, and 0.33) and D (P = 0.186, 0.099, 0.767, and 0.041) did not significantly differ between the two zones. Among the normal, degenerated, and torn PMM, f was observed to be lower in the red zone of torn horns as compared to the normal horns (P = 0.013). D*, fD*, and D did not exhibit statistically significant difference among different groups (P = 0.353, 0.661, and 0.327, respectively).ConclusionThis hypothesis driven work shows that IVIM imaging is able to depict microcirculation of meniscus and the perfusion changes in meniscal disorder.Level of Evidence: 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:1090–1096
Balloon dilation of sinus ostia in the Department of Defense: Diagnoses, actual indications, and outcomes
Authors: Laury Adrienne M. , Bowe Sarah N. , Stramiello Joshua , McMains Kevin C. 
Published: September 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine the primary diagnoses for which balloon catheter dilation (BCD) of sinus ostia is being employed in a profit‐blind health care system, the Department of Defense.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsFrom January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013, 319 consecutive patient charts were reviewed for International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition (ICD‐9) diagnoses, presence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) defined by the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS), preoperative Lund‐Mackay scores, nasal endoscopy findings, sinuses dilated, postoperative outcomes, and complications.ResultsOf the 319 patients identified, 217 had sufficient documentation to be included. A CRS ICD‐9 code was applied in 182 of 217 (83.9%) and recurrent acute rhinosinusitis in 12 of 217 (5.6%). Only 50.5% of CRS patient charts met criteria using EPOS guidelines. In contrast, 39.6% met the ICD‐9 criteria for atypical facial pain. Patients with Lund‐Mackay scores ≤ 4 were reviewed for number of sinuses dilated. Eighty‐eight of 123 patients (71.5%) had sinuses dilated that were free from opacification/mucosal edema on preoperative imaging.ConclusionsBalloon dilation of sinus ostia has an expanding role in treating sinus disease. In the studied population, BCD is often utilized for alternate indications for which there is currently no evidence of efficacy. Future studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of this technology in treating these alternate indications.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:544–549, 2017
Risk factors for unplanned readmission following head and neck microvascular reconstruction: Results from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, 2011–2014
Authors: Garg Ravi K. , Wieland Aaron M. , Hartig Gregory K. , Poore Samuel O. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIntroductionUnplanned readmissions are associated with decreased healthcare quality and increased costs. This nationwide study examines causes for unplanned readmission among head and neck cancer patients undergoing immediate microsurgical reconstruction.MethodsPatients undergoing head and neck tumor resection with microsurgical reconstruction were identified in the 2011–2014 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Clinical characteristics and complications were compared among patients who did and did not undergo unplanned readmission. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsDatabase search revealed 1,063 patients, 94 (8.8%) of whom had unplanned readmissions. Readmitted patients had significantly higher ASA scores (14.9% vs.7.3% ASA class 4 patients; P = 0.03) and significantly higher rates of disseminated cancer (14.9% vs.7.1%; P = 0.01), laryngopharyngectomy (17.0% vs.6.9%; P = 0.0005), deep wound infection (22.3% vs.2.4%; P < 0.0001), wound dehiscence (19.1% vs.3.3%; P < 0.0001), and blood transfusion within 72 h of surgery (44.7% vs.32.6%; P = 0.02). Multivariate logistic regression revealed deep wound infection (OR = 8.65, P < 0.0001) and wound dehiscence (OR = 3.69, P = 0.0004) to be independent predictors of unplanned readmission.ConclusionsDeep wound infection and wound dehiscence were independent predictors of unplanned readmission among head and neck cancer patients undergoing immediate microsurgical reconstruction. Institutions should focus efforts on improving wound surveillance, outpatient strategies for wound care, and optimization of discharge planning for this complex patient population.
Asymptotic behavior of solutions of a model derived from the 1‐D Keller–Segel model on the half line
Authors: Shi Renkun 
Published: September 2016

In this paper, we are interested in a model derived from the 1‐D Keller‐Segel model on the half line x > as follows:

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4189:mma4189-math-0001
where l is a constant. Under the conserved boundary condition, we study the asymptotic behavior of solutions. We prove that the problem is always globally and classically solvable when the initial data is small, and moreover, we obtain the decay rates of solutions. The paper mainly deals with the case of l > 0. In this case, the solution to the problem tends to a conserved stationary solution in an exponential decay rate, which is a very different result from the case of l < 0. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Therapeutic challenges posed by critical drug–drug interactions in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Jordan Cameron L. , Noah Terry L. , Henry Marianna M. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis review seeks to re‐introduce cystic fibrosis (CF) clinicians to the pharmacology of drug–drug interactions among medications commonly used in CF and provide a framework for understanding these interactions among medications outside the scope of this discussion. We here focus on drugs impacted by the cytochrome P‐450 (CYP450) enzyme system and on interactions involving antimicrobials, psychotropic medications, and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators. Particular attention is needed when prescribing rifampin, azole antifungals and the CFTR modulators, ivacaftor, and lumacaftor/ivacaftor, in combination with other medications. The complexities of these interactions provide a strong rationale for case management by pharmacists and pharmacologists as a routine part of CF care. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:S61–S70. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) in Mobile Health: Key Components and Design Principles for Ongoing Health Behavior Support
Authors: Nahum-Shani Inbal , Smith Shawna N , Spring Bonnie J , Collins Linda M , Witkiewitz Katie , Tewari Ambuj , Murphy Susan A 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Background
The just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) is an intervention design aiming to provide the right type/amount of support, at the right time, by adapting to an individual’s changing internal and contextual state. The availability of increasingly powerful mobile and sensing technologies underpins the use of JITAIs to support health behavior, as in such a setting an individual’s state can change rapidly, unexpectedly, and in his/her natural environment.

Purpose
Despite the increasing use and appeal of JITAIs, a major gap exists between the growing technological capabilities for delivering JITAIs and research on the development and evaluation of these interventions. Many JITAIs have been developed with minimal use of empirical evidence, theory, or accepted treatment guidelines. Here, we take an essential first step towards bridging this gap.

Methods
Building on health behavior theories and the extant literature on JITAIs, we clarify the scientific motivation for JITAIs, define their fundamental components, and highlight design principles related to these components. Examples of JITAIs from various domains of health behavior research are used for illustration.

Conclusions
As we enter a new era of technological capacity for delivering JITAIs, it is critical that researchers develop sophisticated and nuanced health behavior theories capable of guiding the construction of such interventions. Particular attention has to be given to better understanding the implications of providing timely and ecologically sound support for intervention adherence and retention
Cervical Spinal Cord and Dorsal Nerve Root Stimulation for Neuropathic Upper Limb Pain
Authors: Levine Adrian B. , Parrent Andrew G. , MacDougall Keith W. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground:Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a well-established treatment for chronic neuropathic pain in the lower limbs. Upper limb pain comprises a significant proportion of neuropathic pain patients, but is often difficult to target specifically and consistently with paresthesias. We hypothesized that the use of dorsal nerve root stimulation (DNRS), as an option along with SCS, would help us better relieve pain in these patients.Methods:All 35 patients trialed with spinal stimulation for upper limb pain between July 1, 2011, and October 31, 2013, were included. We performed permanent implantation in 23/35 patients based on a visual analogue scale pain score decrease of ≥50% during trial stimulation.Results:Both the SCS and DNRS groups had significant improvements in average visual analogue scale pain scores at 12 months compared with baseline, and the majority of patients in both groups obtained ≥50% pain relief. The majority of patients in both groups were able to reduce their opioid use, and on average had improvements in Short Form-36 quality of life scores. Complication rates did not differ significantly between the two groups.Conclusions:Treatment with SCS or DNRS provides meaningful long-term relief of chronic neuropathic pain in the upper limbs.
First Status Report on Radiocarbon Sample Preparation Techniques at the A.E. Lalonde AMS Laboratory (Ottawa, Canada)
Authors: Crann Carley A , Murseli Sarah , St-Jean Gilles , Zhao Xiaolei , Clark Ian D , Kieser William E 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe A.E. Lalonde accelerator mass spectrometer (3MV, HVEE) was commissioned in early 2014 at the University of Ottawa (Canada). The radiocarbon sample preparation laboratory spent the better part of 2014 undertaking a quality control program, establishing pretreatment protocols, and streamlining sample processing. In the fall of 2014, the first unknown samples were accepted and in the first year of operation well over 1000 targets (~60% unknowns) were analyzed. Here, we present an overview of sample processing protocols and results from routinely measured standards, reference, and blank materials.
Chronic Daily Headache in Children and Adolescents: A Multi-Faceted Syndrome
Authors: Seshia Shashi S. , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Abu-Arafeh Ishaq , Hershey Andrew D. , Guidetti Vincenzo , Winner Paul , Wöber-Bingöl Çiçek 
Published: September 2016

AbstractChronic daily headache (CDH) is a multi-faceted, often complex pain syndrome in children and adolescents. Chronic daily headache may be primary or secondary. Chronic migraine and chronic tension-type are the most frequent subtypes. Chronic daily headache is co-morbid with adverse life events, anxiety and depressive disorders, possibly with other psychiatric disorders, other pain syndromes and sleep disorders; these conditions contribute to initiating and maintaining CDH. Hence, early management of episodic headache and treatment of associated conditions are crucial to prevention. There is evidence for the benefit of psychological therapies, principally relaxation and cognitive behavioral, and promising information on acupuncture for CDH. Data on drug treatment are based primarily on open label studies. The controversies surrounding CDH are discussed and proposals for improvement presented. The multifaceted nature of CDH makes it a good candidate for a multi-axial classification system. Such an approach should facilitate biopsychosocial management and enhance consistency in clinical research.
Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Ischemia
Authors: Mohammad Askar , Ghani Usman , Schwindt Brenda , Shuaib Ashfaq 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjective:Statins have been shown to increase endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, there is no similar study that has been done on the patients recovering from cerebrovascular disease. We present the largest prospective study of statin therapy on EPC levels of patients recovering from stroke.Method:Our study subjects were treated with rosuvastatin (10 mg/day) over a period of 12 weeks. Blood was collected from these patients periodically and EPC levels were measured along with other biochemical parameters.Results and Conclusions:Our study shows that rosuvastatin treatment significantly reduces the low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in the patients over the 12 weeks. However, we did not find any corresponding changes in the EPC levels during this time period. Earlier reports indicated that statin use could increase EPC proliferation. Our research, however, indicates that the in-vivo effects of rosuvastatin are not similar to those of previous reports. There may be several reasons for this lack of congruence between these two studies, including age of the study population, predominantly low high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in our subjects and effects from other concomitant medications.
Telestroke in Northern Alberta: A Two Year Experience with Remote Hospitals
Authors: Khan Khurshid , Shuaib Ashfaq , Whittaker Tammy , Saqqur Maher , Jeerakathil Thomas , Butcher Ken , Crumley Patrick 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground:Thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke is usually performed in comprehensive stroke centres. Lack of stroke expertise in remote small hospitals may preclude thrombolysis. Telemedicine allows such management opportunities in distant hospitals.Methods:We report our experience in managing acute stroke over a two-year time period with telestroke. The University of Alberta Hospital acted as the ‘hub’ and seven remote hospitals as ‘spoke’. The neurologist at the ‘hub’ provided stroke expertise to the local physician using either a two-way video link or telephone. Cranial CT scans were transmitted to ‘hub’. Education sessions were held before the initiation of the program.Results:Of 210 patients 44 (21%) received thrombolysis at the ‘spoke’ sites. In 34/44 (77%) two-way video link was available while in 10/44 (23%) telephone was used. Five (11.4%) patients experienced intracranial hemorrhage after thrombolysis, 2 (4.5%) were symptomatic. Favorable (mRS=0-1) outcome at three months was 16/40 (40%) and mortality was 9/40 (22.5%). Four patients were lost to follow-up. There was no significant three months outcome difference between two-way video link and telephone consultation (P = 0.689). Over two years the number of acute stroke transfers decreased from 144 to 15 at one of the ‘spoke’ sites, a 92.5% decline.Conclusion:It is possible to successfully treat patients with acute ischemic stroke at remote sites through videoconferencing or telephone consultation. Telestroke can also lead to a significant reduction in the number of patients requiring transfer to a tertiary care centre.
MONOTONE OPERATORS AND THE PROXIMAL POINT ALGORITHM IN COMPLETE CAT(0) METRIC SPACES
Authors: KHATIBZADEH HADI , RANJBAR SAJAD 
Published: September 2016

In this paper, we generalize monotone operators, their resolvents and the proximal point algorithm to complete CAT(0) spaces. We study some properties of monotone operators and their resolvents. We show that the sequence generated by the inexact proximal point algorithm $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}$-converges to a zero of the monotone operator in complete CAT(0) spaces. A strong convergence (convergence in metric) result is also presented. Finally, we consider two important special cases of monotone operators and we prove that they satisfy the range condition (see Section 4 for the definition), which guarantees the existence of the sequence generated by the proximal point algorithm.
Measurement of bound states in the continuum by a detector embedded in a photonic crystal
Authors: Gansch Roman , Kalchmair Stefan , Genevet Patrice , Zederbauer Tobias , Detz Hermann , Andrews Aaron M , Schrenk Werner , Capasso Federico , Lončar Marko , Strasser Gottfried 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe directly measure optical bound states in the continuum (BICs) by embedding a photodetector into a photonic crystal slab. The BICs observed in our experiment are the result of accidental phase matching between incident, reflected and in-plane waves at seemingly random wave vectors in the photonic band structure. Our measurements were confirmed through a rigorously coupled-wave analysis simulation in conjunction with temporal coupled mode theory. Polarization mixing between photonic crystal slab modes was observed and described using a plane wave expansion simulation. The ability to probe the field intensity inside the photonic crystal and thereby to directly measure BICs represents a milestone in the development of integrated opto-electronic devices based on BICs.