bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Cardiomyocytes Prior to Birth by Integration-Free Reprogramming of Amniotic Fluid Cells
Authors: Jiang Guihua , Herron Todd J. , Di Bernardo Julie , Walker Kendal A. , O’Shea K. Sue , Kunisaki Shaun M. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The establishment of an abundant source of autologous cardiac progenitor cells would represent a major advance toward eventual clinical translation of regenerative medicine strategies in children with prenatally diagnosed congenital heart disease. In support of this concept, we sought to examine whether functional, transgene-free human cardiomyocytes (CMs) with potential for patient-specific and autologous applications could be reliably generated following routine amniocentesis. Under institutional review board approval, amniotic fluid specimens (8–10 ml) at 20 weeks gestation were expanded and reprogrammed toward pluripotency using nonintegrating Sendai virus (SeV) expressing OCT4, SOX2, cMYC, and KLF4. Following exposure of these induced pluripotent stem cells to cardiogenic differentiation conditions, spontaneously beating amniotic fluid-derived cardiomyocytes (AF-CMs) were successfully generated with high efficiency. After 6 weeks, quantitative gene expression revealed a mixed population of differentiated atrial, ventricular, and nodal AF-CMs, as demonstrated by upregulation of multiple cardiac markers, including MYH6, MYL7, TNNT2, TTN, and HCN4, which were comparable to levels expressed by neonatal dermal fibroblast-derived CM controls. AF-CMs had a normal karyotype and demonstrated loss of NANOG, OCT4, and the SeV transgene. Functional characterization of SIRPA+ AF-CMs showed a higher spontaneous beat frequency in comparison with dermal fibroblast controls but revealed normal calcium transients and appropriate chronotropic responses after β-adrenergic agonist stimulation. Taken together, these data suggest that somatic cells present within human amniotic fluid can be used to generate a highly scalable source of functional, transgene-free, autologous CMs before a child is born. This approach may be ideally suited for patients with prenatally diagnosed cardiac anomalies.

Significance
This study presents transgene-free human amniotic fluid-derived cardiomyocytes (AF-CMs) for potential therapy in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Using 8–10 ml of amniotic fluid harvested at 20 weeks gestation from normal pregnancies, a mixed population of atrial, ventricular, and nodal AF-CMs were reliably generated after Sendai virus reprogramming toward pluripotency. Functional characterization of purified populations of beating AF-CMs revealed normal calcium transients and appropriate chronotropic responses after β-adrenergic agonist stimulation in comparison with dermal fibroblast controls. Because AF-CMs can be generated in fewer than 16 weeks, this approach may be ideally suited for eventual clinical translation at birth in children with prenatally diagnosed cardiac anomalies.
Aproximaciones a los usos y apropiación de Twitter en bibliotecas universitarias de Argentina
Authors: Laudano Claudia Nora , Planas Javier , Kessler María Inés 
Published: July 2016

El artículo analiza los principales usos de la plataforma Twitter por parte de bibliotecas universitarias en Argentina. Luego de la revisión bibliográfica, se exponen los procedimientos metodológicos empleados para identificar las instituciones que cuentan con esta herramienta comunicacional en la actualidad y los usos que se hace de ella a partir de ítems tales como: datos institucionales básicos, visibilidad y accesibilidad de la cuenta de Twitter en la Web de la biblioteca, momento de inicio de la actividad, volumen histórico de tuits, seguidores y siguiendo, así como cantidad y tipo de publicaciones realizadas en el período del relevamiento de datos. En los resultados se observa que un escaso número de bibliotecas adoptaron Twitter y que la apropiación de la herramienta muestra en general usos no planificados más centrados en la difusión que la interacción con usuarios. Se proponen estudios complementarios para conocer rutinas laborales de los bibliotecarios al respecto.
Disposición al riesgo en la actividad sexual de adolescentes: El rol de los modelos internos de apego, de las relaciones de apego con padres e iguales y de las dificultades de regulación emocional.
Authors: Gómez-Zapiaín Javier , Ortiz Barón María José , Eceiza Camarero Amaia 
Published: July 2016

<p>The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between risk-taking in sexual relationships and affective-emotional variables such as attachment to mother, father, peers, attachment styles and difficulties in emotional regulation capacity in adolescence. 1911 adolescent students of both sexes between 15 and 20 years of age participated. Results indicate that attachment security is inversely related to risk-taking in sexual relationships. Less risk-taking is associated with attachment to mother and peers in sexually inactive adolescents while in the sexually active with the capacity for emotional regulation. Differences were found in gender and attachment categories and among sexually active and inactive adolescents.</p>
Current energetic particle sensors
Authors: Fennell J. F. , Blake J. B. , Claudepierre S. , Mazur J. , Kanekal S. , O'Brien P. , Baker D. , Crain W. , Mabry D. , Clemmons J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSeveral energetic particle sensors designed to make measurements in the current decade are described and their technology and capabilities discussed and demonstrated. Most of these instruments are already on orbit or approaching launch. These include the Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometers (MagEIS) and the Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope (REPT) that are flying on the Van Allen Probes, the Fly's Eye Electron Proton Spectrometers (FEEPS) flying on the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission, and Dosimeters flying on the AC6 Cubesat mission. We focus mostly on the electron measurement capability of these sensors while providing summary comments of their ion measurement capabilities if they have any.
Microalbuminuria could improve risk stratification in patients with TIA and minor stroke
Authors: Elyas Salim , Shore Angela C. , Kingwell Hayley , Keenan Samantha , Boxall Leigh , Stewart Jane , James Martin A. , Strain William David 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveTransient ischemic attacks (TIA) and minor strokes are important risk factors for recurrent strokes. Current stroke risk prediction scores such as ABCD2, although widely used, lack optimal sensitivity and specificity. Elevated urinary albumin excretion predicts cardiovascular disease, stroke, and mortality. We explored the role of microalbuminuria (using albumin creatinine ratio (ACR)) in predicting recurrence risk in patients with TIA and minor stroke.MethodsUrinary ACR was measured on a spot sample in 150 patients attending a daily stroke clinic with TIA or minor stroke. Patients were followed up at day 7, 30, and 90 to determine recurrent stroke, cardiovascular events, or death. Eligible patients had a carotid ultrasound Doppler investigation. High‐risk patients were defined as those who had an event within 90 days or had >50% internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis.ResultsFourteen (9.8%) recurrent events were reported by day 90 including two deaths. Fifteen patients had severe ICA stenosis. In total, 26 patients were identified as high risk. These patients had a higher frequency of previous stroke or hypercholesterolemia compared to low‐risk patients (P = 0.04). ACR was higher in high‐risk patients (3.4 [95% CI 2.2–5.2] vs. 1.7 [1.5–2.1] mg/mmol, P = 0.004), independent of age, sex, blood pressure, diabetes, and previous stroke. An ACR greater than 1.5 mg/mmol predicted high‐risk patients (Cox proportional hazard ratio 3.5 (95% CI 1.3–9.5, P = 0.01).InterpretationAfter TIA or minor stroke, a higher ACR predicted recurrent events and significant ICA stenosis. Incorporation of urinary ACR from a spot sample in the acute setting could improve risk stratification in patients with TIA and minor stroke.
Co3O4 Nanoparticles Supported on Mesoporous Carbon for Selective Transfer Hydrogenation of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes
Authors: Wang Guang‐Hui , Deng Xiaohui , Gu Dong , Chen Kun , Tüysüz Harun , Spliethoff Bernd , Bongard Hans‐Josef , Weidenthaler Claudia , Schmidt Wolfgang , Schüth Ferdi 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA simple and scalable method for synthesizing Co3O4 nanoparticles supported on the framework of mesoporous carbon (MC) was developed. Benefiting from an ion‐exchange process during the preparation, the cobalt precursor is introduced into a mesostructured polymer framework that results in Co3O4 nanoparticles (ca. 3 nm) supported on MC (Co3O4/MC) with narrow particle size distribution and homogeneous dispersion after simple reduction/pyrolysis and mild oxidation steps. The as‐obtained Co3O4/MC is a highly efficient catalyst for transfer hydrogenation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes. Selectivities towards unsaturated alcohols are always higher than 95 % at full conversion. In addition, the Co3O4/MC shows high stability under the reaction conditions, it can be recycled at least six times without loss of activity.
Lung Cancer: EGFR Inhibitors with Low Nanomolar Activity against a Therapy‐Resistant L858R/T790M/C797S Mutant
Authors: Günther Marcel , Juchum Michael , Kelter Gerhard , Fiebig Heiner , Laufer Stefan 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe treatment of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors is made challenging by acquired resistance caused by somatic mutations. Third‐generation EGFR inhibitors have been designed to overcome resistance through covalent binding to the Cys 797 residue of the enzyme, and these inhibitors are effective against most clinically relevant EGFR mutants. However, the high dependence of these recent EGFR inhibitors on this particular interaction means that additional mutation of Cys 797 results in poor inhibitory activity, which leads to tumor relapse in initially responding patients. A new generation of irreversible and reversible mutant EGFR inhibitors was developed with strong noncovalent binding properties, and these compounds show high inhibitory activities against the cysteine‐mutated L858R/T790M/C797S EGFR.
Didehydroaspartate Modification in Methyl‐Coenzyme M Reductase Catalyzing Methane Formation
Authors: Wagner Tristan , Kahnt Jörg , Ermler Ulrich , Shima Seigo 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAll methanogenic and methanotrophic archaea known to date contain methyl‐coenzyme M reductase (MCR) that catalyzes the reversible reduction of methyl‐coenzyme M to methane. This enzyme contains the nickel porphinoid F430 as a prosthetic group and, highly conserved, a thioglycine and four methylated amino acid residues near the active site. We describe herein the presence of a novel post‐translationally modified amino acid, didehydroaspartate, adjacent to the thioglycine as revealed by mass spectrometry and high‐resolution X‐ray crystallography. Upon chemical reduction, the didehydroaspartate residue was converted into aspartate. Didehydroaspartate was found in MCR I and II from Methanothermobacter marburgensis and in MCR of phylogenetically distantly related Methanosarcina barkeri but not in MCR I and II of Methanothermobacter wolfeii, which indicates that didehydroaspartate is dispensable but might have a role in fine‐tuning the active site to increase the catalytic efficiency.
Construction of Hexahydrophenanthrenes By Rhodium(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Benzylallene‐Substituted Internal Alkynes through C−H Activation
Authors: Kawaguchi Yasuaki , Yasuda Shigeo , Mukai Chisato 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe treatment of benzylallene‐substituted internal alkynes with [RhCl(CO)2]2 effects a novel cycloisomerization by C(sp2)−H bond activation to produce hexahydrophenanthrene derivatives. The reaction likely proceeds through consecutive formation of a rhodabicyclo[4.3.0] intermediate, σ‐bond metathesis between the C(sp2)−H bond on the benzene ring and the C(sp2)−RhIII bond, and isomerization between three σ‐, π‐, and σ‐allylrhodium(III) species, which was proposed based on experiments with deuterated substrates.
Chlorella species as hosts for genetic engineering and expression of heterologous proteins: Progress, challenge and perspective
Authors: Yang Bo , Liu Jin , Jiang Yue , Chen Feng 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe species of Chlorella represent a highly specialized group of green microalgae that can produce high levels of protein. Many Chlorella strains can grow rapidly and achieve high cell density under controlled conditions and are thus considered to be promising protein sources. Many advances in the genetic engineering of Chlorella have occurred in recent years, with significant developments in successful expression of heterologous proteins for various applications. Nevertheless, a lot of obstacles remain to be addressed, and a sophisticated and stable Chlorella expression system has yet to emerge. This review provides a brief summary of current knowledge on Chlorella and an overview of recent progress in the genetic engineering of Chlorella, and highlights the advances in the development of a genetic toolbox of Chlorella for heterologous protein expression. Research directions to further exploit the Chlorella expression system with respect to both challenges and perspectives are also discussed. This paper serves as a comprehensive literature review for the Chlorella community and will provide valuable insights into future exploration of Chlorella as a promising host for heterologous protein expression.
Candidate microRNAs as biomarkers of thyroid carcinoma: a systematic review, meta‐analysis, and experimental validation
Authors: Hu Yiren , Wang Hui , Chen Ende , Xu Zhifeng , Chen Bi , Lu Guowen 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThyroid cancer is one of the most common carcinomas of the endocrine system with an increasing incidence. A growing number of studies have focused on the diagnostic and prognostic values of dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in thyroid carcinoma. However, differences in the measurement platforms, variations in lab protocols, and small sample sizes can make gene profiling data incomparable. A meta‐review of the published studies that compared miRNA expression data of thyroid carcinoma and paired normal tissues was performed to identify potential miRNA biomarkers of thyroid carcinoma with the vote‐counting strategy. Two hundred and thirty‐six aberrantly expressed miRNAs were reported in 19 microRNA expression profiling studies. Among them, 138 miRNAs were reported in at least two studies. We also provided a meta‐signature of differentially expressed miRNAs between individual histological types of thyroid carcinoma and normal tissues. The experimental validation with qRT‐PCR analysis verified that the profiles identified with the meta‐review approach could effectively discriminate papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues from paired noncancer tissues. The meta‐review of miRNA expression profiling studies of thyroid carcinoma would provide information on candidate miRNAs that could potentially be used as biomarkers in thyroid carcinoma.
Evaluation of in vivo antitumor effects of low‐frequency ultrasound‐mediated miRNA‐133a microbubble delivery in breast cancer
Authors: Ji Yanlei , Han Zhen , Shao Limei , Zhao Yuehuan 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs), as a novel class of small noncoding RNAs, have been identified as important transcriptional and posttranscriptional inhibitors of gene expression. Ultrasound‐targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) is a noninvasive method for microRNA delivery. We aimed to investigate the effect of UTMD of miR‐133a on breast cancer treatment. It has been reported that miRNA‐133a is involved in various cancers. miR‐133a was lowly expressed in breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cell lines MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231. The miR‐133a expression was significantly upregulated under exogenous miRNA‐133a treatment in MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells analyzed by qRT‐PCR. Exogenous miR‐133a promoted the cell proliferation as determined by diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU) staining. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and Akt phosphorylation were significantly suppressed after miR‐133a transfection by western blot detection. We prepared the miR‐133a‐microbubble and injected it into breast cancer xenografts. The miR‐133a‐microbubble injection prolonged miR‐133a circulatory time by detecting the amount of miRNA‐133a in the plasma. No significant toxicity was observed on alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels at liver and albumin, blood urea nitrogen, or creatine kinase levels at kidney after miR‐133a‐microbubble injection. The tumor size of miR‐133a‐microbubble‐injected mice was smaller than that of the control group. Furthermore, the delivery efficiency of miR‐133a with low frequency was higher than that with common frequency. miR‐133a suppressed cell proliferation by suppressing the expression of EGFR and the phosphorylation of Akt. UTMD of miR‐133a inhibited the tumor growth and improved the survival rate in breast cancer mice. Our study provides new evidence that UTMD of miRNA is a promising platform for breast cancer therapy.
In situ Integration of a Metallic 1T‐MoS2/CdS Heterostructure as a Means to Promote Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Liu Qin , Shang Qichao , Khalil Adnan , Fang Qi , Chen Shuangming , He Qun , Xiang Ting , Liu Daobin , Zhang Qun , Luo Yi , Song Li 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe replacement of expensive noble‐metals cocatalysts with inexpensive, earth‐abundant, metallic nonmetal materials in most semiconductor‐based photocatalytic systems is highly desirable. Herein, we report the fabrication of stable 1T‐MoS2 slabs in situ grown on CdS nanorods (namely, 1T‐MoS2@CdS) by using a solvothermal method. As demonstrated by ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, in combination with steady‐state and time‐resolved photoluminescence, the synergistic effects resulting from formation of the intimate nanojunction between the interfaces and effective electron transport in the metallic phase of 1T‐MoS2 largely contribute to boosting the photocatalytic activity of CdS. Notably, the heterostructure with an optimum loading of 0.2 wt % 1T‐MoS2 exhibits an almost 39‐fold enhancement in the photocatalytic activity relative to that exhibited by bare CdS. This work represents a step towards the in situ realization of a 1T‐phase MoS2‐based heterostructure as a promising cocatalyst with high performance and low cost.
Brønsted or Lewis Acid Initiated Multicomponent Cascade Reaction: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Imidazolidinyl Spirooxindole Derivatives
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Qi , Qi Zheng‐Hang , Yin Shao‐Jie , Li Hai‐Yan , Wang Yong , Wang Xing‐Wang 
Published: July 2016

AbstractOne peculiar type of aza‐hetero‐imidazolidinyl spirooxindole derivatives was efficiently constructed by the three‐component [2+2+1] cascade reaction of 1,4‐oxazepines with diazo‐oxindoles. Iron(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate [Fe(OTf)2] or p‐toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (p‐TsOH⋅H2O) proved to be optimal catalysts for this transformation, providing the desired products in high yields (up to 94 %) with excellent diastereoselectivity (up to 99:1 dr). Experimental studies showed that the reaction rate of Brønsted acid catalysis was faster than that of Lewis acids. Furthermore, the mechanism was theoretically investigated for Brønsted acid as the catalyst and a reaction pathway was proposed. DFT calculations suggested that the diazo‐oxindole can act as a 1,3‐dipole to add to a C=N double bond of 1,4‐oxazepine, which forms a 4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole intermediate. Subsequently, the releasing of N2 is the rate‐limiting step of the whole catalytic cycle.
Suppression of the Aromatic Cycle in Methanol‐to‐Olefins Reaction over ZSM‐5 by Post‐Synthetic Modification Using Calcium
Authors: Yarulina Irina , Bailleul Simon , Pustovarenko Alexey , Martinez Javier Ruiz , Wispelaere Kristof De , Hajek Julianna , Weckhuysen Bert M. , Houben Klaartje , Baldus Marc , Van Speybroeck Veronique , Kapteijn Freek , Gascon Jorge 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIncorporation of Ca in ZSM‐5 results in a twofold increase of propylene selectivity (53 %), a total light‐olefin selectivity of 90 %, and a nine times longer catalyst lifetime (throughput 792 gMeOH gcatalyst−1) in the methanol‐to‐olefins (MTO) reaction. Analysis of the product distribution and theoretical calculations reveal that post‐synthetic modification with Ca2+ leads to the formation of CaOCaOH+ that strongly weaken the acid strength of the zeolite. As a result, the rate of hydride transfer and oligomerization reactions on these sites is greatly reduced, resulting in the suppression of the aromatic cycle. Our results further highlight the importance of acid strength on product selectivity and zeolite lifetime in MTO chemistry.
Catalyst Decomposition during Olefin Metathesis Yields Isomerization‐Active Ruthenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Higman Carolyn S. , Lanterna Anabel E. , Marin M. Luisa , Scaiano Juan C. , Fogg Deryn E. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe second‐generation Grubbs catalyst, RuCl2(H2IMes)(PCy3) (=CHPh) [GII; H2IMes=1,3‐bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)‐4,5‐dihydroimidazol‐2‐ylidene, Cy=cyclohexyl], is shown to decompose during olefin metathesis to generate Ru nanoparticles (RuNPs). These RuNPs appear to contribute significantly to competing isomerization during metathesis. Larger, partially oxidized RuNPs are also observed in commercial GII, but these exhibit modest isomerization activity. Removal of RuNPs from the precatalyst does not prevent isomerization, because new, more reactive NPs are generated by catalyst decomposition during metathesis.
Electrocatalytic Nanostructured Ferric Tannates: Characterization and Application of a Polyphenol Nanosensor
Authors: Magro Massimiliano , Bonaiuto Emanuela , Baratella Davide , de Almeida Roger Jessica , Jakubec Petr , Corraducci Vittorino , Tuček Jiri , Malina Ondrej , Zbořil Radek , Vianello Fabio 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA novel core–shell hybrid nanomaterial composed of peculiar maghemite nanoparticles (surface‐active maghemite nanoparticles (SAMNs)) as the core and tannic acid (TA) as the shell was developed by self‐assembly of ferric tannates onto the surface of SAMNs by simple incubation in water. The hybrid nanomaterial (SAMN@TA) was characterized by using UV/Vis, FTIR, and Mössbauer spectroscopies, magnetization measurements, and X‐ray powder diffraction, which provide evidence of a drastic reorganization of the iron oxide surface upon reaction with TA and the formation of an outer shell that consists of a cross‐linked network of ferric tannates. According to a Langmuir isotherm analysis, SAMN@TA offers one of most stable iron complexes of TA reported in the literature to date. Moreover, SAMN@TA was characterized by using electrical impedance spectroscopy, voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. The nanostructured ferric tannate interface showed improved conductivity and selective electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of polyphenols. Finally, a carbon‐paste electrode modified with SAMN@TA was used for the determination of polyphenols in blueberry extracts by square‐wave voltammetry.