bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HMGB1 is secreted by 3T3‐L1 adipocytes through JNK signaling and the secretion is partially inhibited by adiponectin
Authors: Shimizu Toshiaki , Yamakuchi Munekazu , Biswas Kamal Krishna , Aryal Bibek , Yamada Shingo , Hashiguchi Teruto , Maruyama Ikuro 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveObesity is a chronic inflammatory disease, and adipocytes contribute to obesity‐associated inflammation by releasing inflammatory mediators. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a highly conserved DNA‐binding protein, mainly localized to cell nuclei, has been recently recognized as an innate pro‐inflammatory mediator when released extracellularly. It was hypothesized that HMGB1 is an adipocytokine that acts as an innate pro‐inflammatory mediator in white adipose tissue (WAT) of patients with obesity and is associated with insulin resistance. Additionally, it was hypothesized that HMGB1 secretion is regulated by adiponectin.Methods3T3‐L1 cells were differentiated into mature adipocytes. After tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) stimulation, HMGB1 in culture media was measured. Localizations of HMGB1 in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and human WAT were examined by immunostaining.ResultsHMGB1 was secreted from TNF‐α‐induced 3T3‐L1 adipocytes through JNK signaling. HMGB1‐activated MAP kinases (ERK1/2, JNK) and suppressed insulin‐stimulated Akt phosphorylation in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. The cytoplasm in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and adipocytes of WAT from a patient with obesity was intensely stained with HMGB1. Adiponectin partially inhibited TNF‐α‐induced HMGB1 secretion from 3T3‐L1 adipocytes.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that HMGB1 is a pro‐inflammatory adipocytokine involved in WAT inflammation and insulin resistance in patients with obesity, which may contribute to the progression of metabolic syndrome, and that adiponectin protects against HMGB1‐induced adipose tissue inflammation.
Impact on weight and physical function of intensive medical weight loss in older adults with stage II and III obesity
Authors: Ard Jamy D. , Cook Miranda , Rushing Julia , Frain Annette , Beavers Kristen , Miller Gary , Miller Michael E. , Nicklas Barb 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveA 6‐month pilot trial compared two strategies for weight loss in older adults with body mass indexes (BMIs) ≥35 kg/m2 to assess weight loss response, safety, and impact on physical function.MethodsTwenty‐eight volunteers were randomized to a balanced deficit diet (BDD) (500 kcal/day below estimated energy needs) or an intensive, low‐calorie, meal replacement diet (ILCD, 960 kcal/day). Behavioral interventions and physical activity prescriptions were similar for both groups. Primary outcomes were changes in body weight and adverse event frequency; secondary outcomes included measures of physical function and body composition.ResultsILCD average weight change was −19.1 ± 2.2 kg or 15.9 ± 4.6% of initial body weight compared with −9.1 ± 2.7 kg or 7.2 ± 1.9% for BDD. ILCD lost more fat mass (−7.7 kg, 95% CI [−11.9 to −3.5]) but had similar loss of lean mass (−1.7 kg, 95% CI [−4.1 to 0.6]) compared with BDD. There were no significant differences in change in physical function or adverse event frequency.ConclusionsCompared with a traditional BDD intervention, older adults who have severe obesity treated with intensive medical weight loss had greater weight loss and decreases in fat mass without a higher frequency of adverse events. In the short term, however, this did not translate into greater improvements in physical function.
Changes in liking for sweet and fatty foods following weight loss in women are related to prop phenotype but not to diet
Authors: Burgess Brenda , Rao Salome P. , Tepper Beverly J. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveChanges in perceived intensity and liking of tasted foods have not been studied during weight loss from dieting. These outcomes were examined during a 6‐month lifestyle intervention in women who had been classified by sensitivity to the bitter taste marker, 6‐n‐propylthiouracil (PROP), and then randomized to a low‐fat or low‐carbohydrate diet.MethodsSixty‐nine women (BMI = 34.4 kg/m2; age = 44.2 years) followed the low‐fat diet (n = 31) or low‐carbohydrate diet (n = 38). At baseline and at 3, and 6 months, they rated overall liking and intensity of attributes in strawberry milk and salad dressing varying in sucrose (0%, 15%, and 30% wt/vol) or fat (10%, 30%, 50% wt/vol) content, respectively.ResultsPerceived intensity of the attributes did not change. For all participants, the 15% and 30% sucrose milk samples were equally liked at baseline and 3 months, but by 6 months, the 15% sucrose sample was highest liked (P < 0.007). Also, the 50% fat sample was most liked at baseline and least liked by 6 months (P = 0.04), and this effect was most pronounced in the nontasters (P < 0.02). There were no effects of diet prescription on liking.ConclusionsWeight loss from dieting resulted in a hedonic shift for foods with lower sucrose and fat content.
Cytotoxic potential of IL‐15‐activated cytokine‐induced killer cells against human neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Cappel Claudia , Huenecke Sabine , Suemmerer Anica , Erben Stephanie , Rettinger Eva , Pfirrmann Verena , Heinze Annekathrin , Zimmermann Olga , Klingebiel Thomas , Ullrich Evelyn , Bader Peter , Bremm Melanie 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid extracranial tumor in childhood. Despite advances in therapy, the prognosis is poor and optimized therapies are urgently needed. Therefore, we investigated the antitumor potential of interleukin‐15 (IL‐15)‐activated cytokine‐induced killer (CIK) cells against different NB cell lines.ProcedureCIK cells were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by the stimulation with interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), IL‐2, OKT‐3 and IL‐15 over a period of 10–12 days. The cytotoxic activity against NB cells was analyzed by nonradioactive Europium release assay before and after blocking of different receptor–ligand interactions relevant in CIK cell‐mediated cytotoxicity.ResultsThe final CIK cell products consisted in median of 83% (range: 75.9–91.9%) CD3+CD56– T cells, 14% (range: 5.2–20.7%) CD3+CD56+ NK‐like T cells and 2% (range: 0.9–4.8%) CD3–CD56+ NK cells. CIK cells expanded significantly upon ex vivo stimulation with median rates of 22.3‐fold for T cells, 58.3‐fold for NK‐like T cells and 2.5‐fold for NK cells. Interestingly, CD25 surface expression increased from less than equal to 1% up to median 79.7%. Cytotoxic activity of CIK cells against NB cells was in median 34.7, 25.9 and 34.8% against the cell lines UKF‐NB‐3, UKF‐NB‐4 and SK‐N‐SH, respectively. In comparison with IL‐2‐stimulated NK cells, CIK cells showed a significantly higher cytotoxicity. Antibody‐mediated blocking of the receptors NKG2D, TRAIL, FasL, DNAM‐1, NKp30 and lymphocyte function‐associated antigen‐1 (LFA‐1) significantly reduced lytic activity, indicating that diverse cytotoxic mechanisms might be involved in CIK cell‐mediated NB killing.ConclusionsUnlike the mechanism reported in other malignancies, NKG2D‐mediated cytotoxicity does not constitute the major killing mechanism of CIK cells against NB.
Simulation of the proton implantation process in silicon
Authors: Faccinelli Martin , Jelinek Moriz , Wuebben Thomas , Laven Johannes G. , Schulze Hans‐Joachim , Hadley Peter 
Published: July 2016

AbstractProton implantation is one of many processes used to ad‐just the electronic and mechanical properties of silicon. Though the process has been extensively studied, it is still not clear which exact defects are formed and what their concentration profiles are. In this article, a simulation method is presented, which provides a better understanding of the implantation process. The simulation takes into account the diffusion of mobile point defects and their reactions to defect complexes, as well as the dissociation of defect complexes. Concentration profiles for a set of defect complexes after an implantation at 400 keV and a dose of 5 × 1014 H+cm−2 are presented. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Same-Single-Cell Analysis of Pacemaker-Specific Markers in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocyte Subtypes Classified by Electrophysiology
Authors: Yechikov Sergey , Copaciu Raul , Gluck Jessica M. , Deng Wenbin , Chiamvimonvat Nipavan , Chan James W. , Lieu Deborah K. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Insights into the expression of pacemaker-specific markers in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocyte subtypes can facilitate the enrichment and track differentiation and maturation of hiPSC-derived pacemaker-like cardiomyocytes. To date, no study has directly assessed gene expression in each pacemaker-, atria-, and ventricular-like cardiomyocyte subtype derived from hiPSCs since currently the subtypes of these immature cardiomyocytes can only be identified by action potential profiles. Traditional acquisition of action potentials using patch-clamp recordings renders the cells unviable for subsequent analysis. We circumvented these issues by acquiring the action potential profile of a single cell optically followed by assessment of protein expression through immunostaining in that same cell. Our same-single-cell analysis for the first time revealed expression of proposed pacemaker-specific markers—hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-modulated (HCN)4 channel and Islet (Isl)1—at the protein level in all three hiPSC-derived cardiomyocyte subtypes. HCN4 expression was found to be higher in pacemaker-like hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes than atrial- and ventricular-like subtypes but its downregulation over time in all subtypes diminished the differences. Isl1 expression in pacemaker-like hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes was initially not statistically different than the contractile subtypes but did become statistically higher than ventricular-like cells with time. Our observations suggest that although HCN4 and Isl1 are differentially expressed in hiPSC-derived pacemaker-like relative to ventricular-like cardiomyocytes, these markers alone are insufficient in identifying hiPSC-derived pacemaker-like cardiomyocytes.
Karyopherin Alpha 1 Regulates Satellite Cell Proliferation and Survival by Modulating Nuclear Import
Authors: Choo Hyo-Jung , Cutler Alicia , Rother Franziska , Bader Michael , Pavlath Grace K. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Satellite cells are stem cells with an essential role in skeletal muscle repair. Precise regulation of gene expression is critical for proper satellite cell quiescence, proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal. Nuclear proteins required for gene expression are dependent on the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery to access to nucleus, however little is known about regulation of nuclear transport in satellite cells. The best characterized nuclear import pathway is classical nuclear import which depends on a classical nuclear localization signal (cNLS) in a cargo protein and the heterodimeric import receptors, karyopherin alpha (KPNA) and beta (KPNB). Multiple KPNA1 paralogs exist and can differ in importing specific cNLS proteins required for cell differentiation and function. We show that transcripts for six Kpna paralogs underwent distinct changes in mouse satellite cells during muscle regeneration accompanied by changes in cNLS proteins in nuclei. Depletion of KPNA1, the most dramatically altered KPNA, caused satellite cells in uninjured muscle to prematurely activate, proliferate and undergo apoptosis leading to satellite cell exhaustion with age. Increased proliferation of satellite cells led to enhanced muscle regeneration at early stages of regeneration. In addition, we observed impaired nuclear localization of two key KPNA1 cargo proteins: p27, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor associated with cell cycle control and lymphoid enhancer factor 1, a critical cotranscription factor for β-catenin. These results indicate that regulated nuclear import of proteins by KPNA1 is critical for satellite cell proliferation and survival and establish classical nuclear import as a novel regulatory mechanism for controlling satellite cell fate.
Rheological Investigation of Wormlike Micelles Based on Gemini Surfactant in EG–Water Solution
Authors: Wei Yongqiang , Han Yixiu , Zhou Hong , Wang Hang , Mei Yongjun 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe self‐assembly behavior of gemini surfactants in ethylene glycol (EG)‐water (5/95, v/v) mixed solvent was investigated by rheological measurements at 10 °C. The influence of molecular structure of the gemini surfactant and added hydrotrope on the solution properties was studied. Sodium salicylate (NaSal) showed stronger ability to induce 2‐hydroxyl‐propanediyl‐α,ω‐bis‐(dimethyldodecylammonium bromide), referred to as 12‐3(OH)‐12, to form wormlike micelles than sodium benzoate. Less NaSal is required to promote a sphere to rod transition and to reach the peak viscosity. Moreover, the concentrations of hydrotrope and gemini surfactant are both lower than conventional single‐chain surfactant systems to reach a comparable viscosity. The strong hydrophobicity of gemini surfactants and hydrotropes is responsible for the high efficiency in forming wormlike micelles in EG/water systems. The geometric structure of gemini surfactants also plays a vital role in self‐assembly into wormlike micelles. Dimethylene‐1,2‐bis‐(dodecyl dimethylammonium bromide), referred to as 12‐2‐12, shows absolute superiority over 12‐3(OH)‐12 in constructing wormlike micelles. The present study will be helpful for developing de‐icing fluids and anti‐freezing solutions, which need rheology control in EG‐aqueous medium at low temperature.
Ponseti method compared to previous treatment of clubfoot in Norway. A multicenter study of 205 children followed for 8–11 years
Authors: Sætersdal Christian , Fevang Jonas M. , Bjørlykke John Asle , Engesæter Lars B. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose Despite few studies comparing Ponseti treatment and traditional treatment of clubfoot (talipes equinovarus), the Ponseti method is now accepted as standard treatment for this deformity. The Ponseti method was introduced in Norway in 2003 and the purpose of this multicenter-study was to compare the results of Ponseti treatment with the results of the previous treatment for clubfoot in Norway. Methods 90 children (134 clubfeet) treated with previous treatment (pre-Ponseti group), were compared to 115 Ponseti treated children (160 clubfeet) (Ponseti group). The previous treatment consisted of casting and surgery if needed. At 8–11 years of age, all children were examined by the same orthopaedic surgeon, the parents answered a questionnaire, all feet were X-rayed and information about surgical procedures was obtained from the patient records. Results The number of surgeries was higher in the pre-Ponseti group, and the number of extensive surgeries was 119 in the pre-Ponseti group compared to 19 in the Ponseti group. The range of motion in the ankle joint was better in the Ponseti group. Children in this group had better function, higher satisfaction and less pain according to patient and parent reported outcome measures. The incidence of moderate or severe talar flattening was higher in the pre-Ponseti group. Conclusion Ponseti treatment seems to be superior to the previous treatment in Norway, with regards to number and severity of operations, flexibility of the foot and ankle, parent/patient reported outcome and the presence of talar flattening on X-ray.
Preliminary geochemical modeling of water–rock–gas interactions controlling CO2 storage in the Badenian Aquifer within Czech Part of Vienna Basin
Authors: Labus K. , Bujok P. , Klempa M. , Porzer M. , Matýsek D. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPrediction of hydrogeochemical effects of geological CO2sequestration is crucial for planning an industrial or even experimental scale injection of carbon dioxide gas into geological formations. This paper presents a preliminary study of the suitability of saline aquifer associated with a depleted oil field in Czech Part of Vienna Basin, as potential greenhouse gas repository. Two steps of modeling enabled prediction of immediate changes in the aquifer and caprocks impacted by the first stage of CO2injection and the assessment of long-term effects of sequestration. Hydrochemical modeling and experimental tests of rock–water–gas interactions allowed for evaluation of trapping mechanisms and assessment of CO2storage capacity of the formations. In the analyzed aquifer, CO2gas may be locked in mineral form in dolomite and dawsonite, and the calculated trapping capacity reaches 13.22 kgCO2/m3. For the caprock, the only mineral able to trap CO2is dolomite, and trapping capacity equals to 5.07 kgCO2/m3.
A&nbsp;survey of graduates’ perceptions on a&nbsp;Chinese medical school’s traditional and reform curricula
Authors: Sherer Renslow , Dong Hongmei , Yu Feng , Fan Jingyi , Li Jinxin , Jiang Ivy , Cooper Brian , Lio Jonathan , Zhou Yunfeng , Yang Jiong , Yu Baoping , Yu Xiangting 
Published: July 2016

A medical school in China engaged in reform in 2009 by adapting the medical curriculum of the University of Chicago, USA. Freshmen volunteered for the reform and 50 were randomly selected while the rest remained in the traditional curriculum. In 2014 a study was conducted to determine whether the views of traditional and reform curriculum students on their respective educational experience differed and to identify reform areas that needed improvement.
A survey was administered to graduating students to gauge their views on basic science and clinical science education, clerkships, general medical education, and readiness for residency training. Frequency distributions, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Chi-squared tests were used for analysis.
Reform curriculum students were more positive about their basic science and clinical science instruction. Clerkships were only somewhat satisfactory to students in both curricula. Reform curriculum students were more likely than those following the traditional curriculum to consider instruction in clinical decision-making and patient care as ‘adequate’. Instruction in population health was considered inadequate by the majority of students. Reform curriculum students were more confident about their preparedness for residency.
The traditional curriculum was in need of reform. Reform has been effectively implemented and has increased student confidence and satisfaction with their education although there is room for improvement.
LAI versus oral: A case-control study on subjective experience of antipsychotic maintenance treatment
Authors: Pietrini F. , Spadafora M. , Tatini L. , Talamba G.A. , Andrisano C. , Boncompagni G. , Manetti M. , Ricca V. , Ballerini A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundTo present real-world evidence on the differences between long-acting injectable (LAI) and oral antipsychotic maintenance treatment (AMT) in terms of subjective well-being, attitudes towards drug and quality of life in a sample of remitted schizophrenic subjects.MethodsTwenty outpatients with remitted schizophrenia treated with either olanzapine or paliperidone and switching from the oral to the LAI formulation of their maintenance treatment were recruited before the switch (LAI-AMT group). A group of 20 remitted schizophrenic subjects with oral AMT and matching main sociodemographic, clinical and treatment variables made up the control group (oral-AMT group). All participants were assessed in terms of objective (PANSS, YMRS, MADRS) and subjective (SWN-K, DAI-10, SF-36) treatment outcomes at baseline (T0) and after 6 months (T1).ResultsBetween T0 and T1, general psychopathology of the PANSS, DAI-10, and all but one of the SWN-K dimensions (except for social integration), showed significantly higher percentages of improvement in the LAI-AMT group compared to the oral-AMT group. A generalized expansion of health-related quality of life, with better functioning in almost all areas of daily living, was reported by the LAI-AMT group after the 6-month period. In contrast, the oral-AMT group reported a significant worsening of health-related quality of life in the areas of emotional role and social functioning in the same period.ConclusionsOur study indicates possible advantages of LAI over oral antipsychotic formulation in terms of subjective experience of maintenance treatment in remitted schizophrenic patients. Size and duration of this study need to be expanded in order to produce more solid and generalizable results.
Beliefs About Appearance, Cognitive Distraction and Sexual Functioning in Men and Women: A Mediation Model Based on Cognitive Theory
Authors: Silva Elizabet , Pascoal Patrícia M. , Nobre Pedro 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Dysfunctional beliefs about body appearance and cognitive distraction from body appearance during sexual activity have been associated with sexual problems, particularly in women. However, there are no studies examining the interplay between these dimensions and the mechanisms by which they affect sexual functioning.

Aim
To examine the mediating role of cognitive distraction with body appearance on the relation between beliefs about appearance and sexual functioning.

Methods
The study sample consisted of 426 heterosexual participants (129 men and 297 women) involved in an exclusive dyadic committed relationship who answered an online questionnaire.

Main Outcome Measures
The Body Appearance Cognitive Distraction Scale, the Beliefs About Appearance Scale, the International Index of Erectile Function, and the Female Sexual Function Index.

Results
The findings indicated that cognitive distraction with body appearance fully mediated the relation between beliefs about appearance and sexual functioning in men and women.

Conclusion
The results support the role of beliefs about appearance and cognitive distraction based on body appearance in predicting sexual functioning, reaffirming the role of cognitive models in explaining sexual functioning in men and women.
Learning Outcome Measurement in Nurse Participants After Disaster Training
Authors: Farra Sharon L. , Smith Sherrill , Bashaw Marie A 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe National Disaster Health Consortium is an interprofessional disaster training program. Using the Hierarchical Learning Framework of Competency Sets in Disaster Medicine and Public Health, this program educates nurses and other professionals to provide competent care and leadership within the interprofessional team. This study examined outcomes of this training.MethodsTraining consisted of a combination of online and on-site training. Learning outcomes were measured by using the Emergency Preparedness Information Questionnaire (EPIQ) pre/post training and participant performance during live functional exercises with the use of rubrics based on Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation principles.ResultsA total of 64 participants completed the EPIQ before and after training. The mean EPIQ pre-training score of 154 and mean post-training score of 81 (reverse-scored) was found to be statistically significant by paired t-test (P<0.001). Performance was evaluated in the areas of triage, re-triage, surge response, and sheltering. Greater than 90% of the exercise criteria were either met or partially met. Participants successfully achieved overall objectives in all scenarios.ConclusionsDisaster response requires nurses and other providers to function in interprofessional teams. Educational projects, like the National Disaster Health Consortium program, offer the potential to address the need for a standardized, interprofessional disaster training curriculum to promote positive outcomes. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;page 1 of 6)