bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GASP. VIII. Capturing the Birth of a Tidal Dwarf Galaxy in a Merging System at z ∼ 0.05
Authors: Vulcani Benedetta , Moretti Alessia , Poggianti Bianca M. , Fasano Giovanni , Fritz Jacopo , Gullieuszik Marco , Duc Pierre-Alain , Jaffé Yara , Bettoni Daniela 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Within the GAs Stripping Phenomena in galaxies with MUSE (GASP) sample, we identified an ongoing 1:1 merger between 2 galaxies and the consequent formation of a tidal dwarf galaxy (TDG). The system is observed at z = 0.05043 and is part of a poor group. Exploiting the exquisite quality of the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE)/Very Large Telescope data, we present the spatially resolved kinematics and physical properties of gas and stars of this object and describe its evolutionary history. An old (luminosity weighted age ∼2 × 109 yr), gas-poor, early-type-like galaxy is merging with a younger (luminosity weighted age ∼2.5 × 108 yr), gas-rich, late-type galaxy. The system has a quite strong metallicity gradient, which is indicative of an early-stage phase. Comparing the spatial extension of the star formation at different epochs, we date the beginning of the merger between 2 × 107 yr < t < 5.7 × 108 yr ago. The gas kinematic pattern reflects that of the late-type object and is distorted in correspondence to the location of the impact. The stellar kinematic instead is more chaotic, as expected for mergers. The gas redistribution in the system induces high levels of star formation between the two components, where we indeed detect the birth of the TDG. This stellar structure has a mass of ∼6 × 109
M
⊙, a radius of ∼2 kpc, and even though it has already accreted large quantities of gas and stars, it is still located within the disk of the progenitor, is characterized by a high velocity dispersion, indicating that it is still forming, is dusty, and has high levels of star formation (star formation rate ∼ 0.3 M
⊙ yr−1). This TDG is originated in an early-stage merger, while these structures usually form in more evolved systems.
Large-amplitude Longitudinal Oscillations Triggered by the Merging of Two Solar Filaments: Observations and Magnetic Field Analysis
Authors: Luna M. , Su Y. , Schmieder B. , Chandra R. , Kucera T. A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We follow the eruption of two related intermediate filaments observed in Hα (from GONG) and EUV (from Solar Dynamics Observatory SDO/Atmospheric Imaging assembly AIA) and the resulting large-amplitude longitudinal oscillations of the plasma in the filament channels. The events occurred in and around the decayed active region AR12486 on 2016 January 26. Our detailed study of the oscillation reveals that the periods of the oscillations are about one hour. In Hα, the period decreases with time and exhibits strong damping. The analysis of 171 Å images shows that the oscillation has two phases: an initial long-period phase and a subsequent oscillation with a shorter period. In this wavelength, the damping appears weaker than in Hα. The velocity is the largest ever detected in a prominence oscillation, approximately 100

. Using SDO/HMI magnetograms, we reconstruct the magnetic field of the filaments, modeled as flux ropes by using a flux-rope insertion method. Applying seismological techniques, we determine that the radii of curvature of the field lines in which cool plasma is condensed are in the range 75–120 Mm, in agreement with the reconstructed field. In addition, we infer a field strength of ≥7 to 30 Gauss, depending on the electron density assumed, that is also in agreement with the values from the reconstruction (8–20 Gauss). The poloidal flux is zero and the axis flux is on the order of 1020 to 1021 Mx, confirming the high shear existing even in a non-active filament.
Plasmoid Instability in Forming Current Sheets
Authors: Comisso L. , Lingam M. , Huang Y.-M. , Bhattacharjee A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The plasmoid instability has revolutionized our understanding of magnetic reconnection in astrophysical environments. By preventing the formation of highly elongated reconnection layers, it is crucial in enabling the rapid energy conversion rates that are characteristic of many astrophysical phenomena. Most previous studies have focused on Sweet–Parker current sheets, which are unattainable in typical astrophysical systems. Here we derive a general set of scaling laws for the plasmoid instability in resistive and visco-resistive current sheets that evolve over time. Our method relies on a principle of least time that enables us to determine the properties of the reconnecting current sheet (aspect ratio and elapsed time) and the plasmoid instability (growth rate, wavenumber, inner layer width) at the end of the linear phase. After this phase the reconnecting current sheet is disrupted and fast reconnection can occur. The scaling laws of the plasmoid instability are not simple power laws, and they depend on the Lundquist number (S), the magnetic Prandtl number (P

m
), the noise of the system (

), the characteristic rate of current sheet evolution (

), and the thinning process. We also demonstrate that previous scalings are inapplicable to the vast majority of astrophysical systems. We explore the implications of the new scaling relations in astrophysical systems such as the solar corona and the interstellar medium. In both of these systems, we show that our scaling laws yield values for the growth rate, wavenumber, and aspect ratio that are much smaller than the Sweet–Parker–based scalings.
Trends in Joint Replacement Surgery in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Young Bradley L. , Watson Shawna L. , Perez Jorge L. , McGwin Gerald , Singh Jasvinder A. , Ponce Brent A. 
Published: December 2017

Objective.This study analyzed trends in large total joint arthroplasties (TJA) and in the proportion of these procedures performed on patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.The US Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2002–2012) was used to identify the incidences of total shoulder (TSA), elbow (TEA), knee (TKA), hip (THA), and ankle (TAA) arthroplasty and the proportion of these performed with coexisting RA.Results.The prevalence of RA among patients with TJA increased 3.0%. The prevalence of RA among cases of TEA and TSA decreased by 50% (p < 0.0001) and 18% (p = 0.0016), respectively; a 38.0% decrease occurred in the prevalence of RA among TAA (p = 0.06); and nonsignificant increases were seen among THA and TKA. The average age difference between RA and non-RA patients undergoing TJA narrowed by 2 years (p < 0.0001). There was a greater reduction in the proportion of TSA, TEA, and TAA groups among women with RA than men with RA. In the TSA and TEA groups, there was a reduction in the proportion of whites with RA, but not blacks. The proportion of privately insured TSA and TAA patients with RA decreased, while patients with RA undergoing TSA, TEA, or TAA who were receiving Medicaid (government medical insurance) remained relatively stable over time.Conclusion.The prevalence of RA has decreased among TSA and TEA patients. A nonsignificant decline occurred among TAA patients. The average age of TJA patients with RA is beginning to mirror those without RA. Sex ratios for TSA, TEA, and TAA patients are following a similar pattern. These results may be evidence of the success of modern RA treatment strategies.
Concevoir un référentiel de compétences pour les étudiants entrepreneurs : la démarche PEPITE
Authors: Brenet Pascale , Schieb-Bienfait Nathalie , Authier Jérôme 
Published: November 2017

Les responsables et animateurs du réseau national des PEPITE ont souhaité développer un référentiel national de compétences en entrepreneuriat pour les jeunes de l’enseignement supérieur. Il s’agissait de se doter d’un outil commun, visant à harmoniser les pratiques au sein du réseau. Ils se sont appuyés pour cela sur une démarche de conception itérative, en testant les propositions retenues et leur appropriation par l’ensemble des parties prenantes. Ils ont associé à cette construction des acteurs chargés de l’accompagnement des étudiants entrepreneurs, ainsi que des enseignants chercheurs en entrepreneuriat et en sciences de l’éducation et des étudiants entrepreneurs. Cet article retrace la démarche engagée depuis deux ans, questionnant les choix retenus ainsi que la pertinence et la portée d’un tel outil à l’issue d’une première phase de test réalisée au printemps 2017. Identifié comme utile par les chargés d’accompagnement comme par les étudiants, l’outil requiert pour son déploiement un accompagnement national et la définition d’un cahier des charges précis pour en expliquer les choix, les étapes et les usages.
« Nos premiers jeunes entrepreneurs mentorés commencent à devenir mentors ! »
Authors: Verzat Caroline 
Published: November 2017

Créé en 2009, le Moovjee a accompagné 850 jeunes entrepreneurs entre 18 et 30 ans. Près de 90 % des 350 entreprises créées depuis 2009 sont pérennes. Bénédicte Sanson, qui a lancé le Moovjee avec Dominique Restino, raconte ici son parcours personnel et l’histoire du Moovjee. Elle met en évidence ses valeurs et son mode de fonctionnement communautaire autour d’entrepreneurs mentors bénévoles dont la vocation principale est d’aider les jeunes à assumer leur identité d’entrepreneur. Elle souligne quelques conditions clé tenant aux postures d’accompagnement facilitant la transition identitaire de l’école à l’entrepreneuriat et met en évidence les défis qui se posent aujourd’hui pour former les mentors, toucher des jeunes moins favorisés et développer le Moovjee au-delà de l’écosystème parisien.
La transition de la presse parisienne entre juin et novembre 1940 : dissolution, fuite, exil, retour
Authors: Wingeate Pike David 
Published: November 2017

Après la débâcle de juin 1940, les journaux de Paris se divisent en trois groupes : ceux qui se sabordent, ceux qui partent pour la Zone libre pour y rester, et ceux qui partent et puis retournent. Il faut y ajouter un quatrième groupe : les journaux qui n’existaient pas avant, ainsi que ceux qui n’avaient eu aucune raison de partir et qui se relancent en splendeur sous l’autorité nazie. Cette autorité placée dans les mains d’Otto Abetz, fait preuve d’une grande intelligence, en permettant à la presse une certaine diversité d’opinion qui varie dans son expression entre nationaliste et socialiste, toujours pourtant en conformité avec la politique hitlérienne.
L’ouvrier, l’entretien et l’évolution : l’appropriation de la Loi 2014 dans une usine automobile
Authors: Pohn-Weidinger Axel , Weissmann Marliese 
Published: November 2017

Résumé L’article analyse la façon dont « l’entretien professionnel », rendu obligatoire par la loi no 2014-288, a été « endogénéisé » par les entreprises, en se fondant sur l’étude de cas d’une usine de l’industrie automobile. L’analyse croisée d’entretiens et de documents d’entreprise met en lumière un processus d’appropriation stratégique de l’entretien professionnel par le département des ressources humaines ainsi qu’une certaine hybridation de celui-ci avec l’entretien annuel. Le texte montre également que les salariés n’expriment pas systématiquement des perspectives d’évolution ou de formation et que la gestion de l’évolution professionnelle reste fortement liée à l’organisation du travail et à la discipline, dimensions qui échappent à l’entretien professionnel. Enfin, l’article pointe deux effets inattendus de la conduite de l’entretien : celui-ci peut, d’une part, constituer l’occasion d’un échange entre l’ouvrier et son supérieur et fournir, d’autre part, un cadre dans lequel les salariés donnent leur avis et expriment des préoccupations relatives à leur travail.
Luttes contre le sida et luttes LGBT au Maroc. Notes exploratoires sur les enjeux d’une imbrication
Authors: Gouyon Marien , Musso Sandrine 
Published: November 2017

Cet article est une note exploratoire portant sur l’imbrication entre les luttes pour les droits homosexuels et la lutte contre le sida au Maroc. Sandrine Musso et Marien Gouyon reviennent sur leurs terrains respectifs afin de faire émerger les enjeux d’une telle imbrication dans un contexte où l’homosexualité est punie par la loi. Dans un premier temps, l’émergence de la lutte contre le sida est retracée puis celle des droits pour l’homosexualité, afin de penser les répercussions de l’une sur l’autre. Les usages sociaux de la catégorie « HSH » dans le champ de la prévention et les singularités marocaines dans ce domaine éclairent les formes de subjectivités et de citoyennetés qui émergent d’un entrecroisement souterrain de luttes a priori disjointes dans l’espace public.
Perceptions of Family Members, Nurses, and Physicians on Involving Patients’ Families in Delirium Prevention
Authors: Smithburger Pamela L. , Korenoski Amanda S. , Kane-Gill Sandra L. , Alexander Sheila A. 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND
Delirium occurs in up to 80% of patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Nonpharmacologic delirium-prevention strategies, which are commonly used by the bedside nurse, have reduced the incidence and duration of delirium in patients in the intensive care unit. With increasing demands on the nurse, strategies such as including the patient’s family in delirium prevention activities should be investigated. OBJECTIVE To determine opinions and willingness of health care providers to involve patients’ families in nonpharmacologic delirium-prevention activities in the intensive care unit, and of patients’ families to be involved.

METHODS
Two surveys, one for intensive care unit nurses and physicians and one for patients’ families, were developed and administered. The provider survey focused on current delirium-prevention practices and opinions about family involvement. The family survey concentrated on barriers and willingness to participate in prevention activities.

RESULTS
Sixty nurses and 58 physicians completed the survey. Most physicians (93%) and all nurses believed families could assist with delirium prevention. Only 50% reported speaking with family members about delirium and delirium prevention. The family survey was completed by 60 family members; 38% reported a provider spoke with them about delirium. Family members reported high levels of comfort in participating in delirium-prevention activities.

CONCLUSIONS
Health care providers and family members are supportive of the latter performing delirium-prevention activities. Family of patients in the intensive care unit may work collaboratively with nurses to reduce the incidence and duration of delirium in these patients.
Evaluating the Origin Intensity Factor in the Singular Boundary Method for Three-Dimensional Dirichlet Problems
Authors: Sun Linlin , Chen Wen , Cheng Alexander H.-D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this paper, a new formulation is proposed to evaluate the origin intensity factors (OIFs) in the singular boundary method (SBM) for solving 3D potential problems with Dirichlet boundary condition. The SBM is a strong-form boundary discretization collocation technique and is mathematically simple, easy-to-program, and free of mesh. The crucial step in the implementation of the SBM is to determine the OIFs which isolate the singularities of the fundamental solutions. Traditionally, the inverse interpolation technique (IIT) is adopted to calculate the OIFs on Dirichlet boundary, which is time consuming for large-scale simulation. In recent years, the new methodology has been developed to efficiently calculate the OIFs on Neumann boundary, but the Dirichlet problem remains an open issue. This study employs the subtracting and adding-back technique based on the integration of the fundamental solution over the whole boundary to develop a new formulation of the OIFs on 3D Dirichlet boundary. Several problems with varied domain shapes and boundary conditions are carried out to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed scheme in comparison with the SBM based on inverse interpolation technique, the method of fundamental solutions, and the boundary element method.
Novel Conformal Structure-Preserving Algorithms for Coupled Damped Nonlinear Schrödinger System
Authors: Fu Hao , Zhou Weien , Qian Xu , Song Songhe 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper introduces two novel conformal structure-preserving algorithms for solving the coupled damped nonlinear Schrödinger (CDNLS) system, which are based on the conformal multi-symplectic Hamiltonian formulation and its conformal conservation laws. The proposed algorithms can preserve corresponding conformal multi-symplectic conservation law and conformal momentum conservation law in any local time-space region, respectively. Moreover, it is further shown that the algorithms admit the conformal charge conservation law, and exactly preserve the dissipation rate of charge under appropriate boundary conditions. Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the conformal properties and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms during long-time numerical simulations and validate the analysis.
Numerical Optimization and Noise Analysis of High-Tip-Speed Wind Turbine
Authors: Wang Long , Chen Guoping , Wang Tongguang , Cao Jiufa 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWith lower turbulence and less rigorous restrictions on noise levels, offshore wind farms provide favourable conditions for the development of high-tip-speed wind turbines. In this study, the multi-objective optimization is presented for a 5MW wind turbine design and the effects of high tip speed on power output, cost and noise are analysed. In order to improve the convergence and efficiency of optimization, a novel type of gradient-based multi-objective evolutionary algorithm is proposed based on uniform decomposition and differential evolution. Optimization examples of the wind turbines indicate that the new algorithm can obtain uniformly distributed optimal solutions and this algorithm outperforms the conventional evolutionary algorithms in convergence and optimization efficiency. For the 5MW wind turbines designed, increasing the tip speed can greatly reduce the cost of energy (COE). When the tip speed increases from 80m/s to 100m/s, under the same annual energy production, the COE decreases by 3.2% in a class I wind farm and by 5.1% in a class III one, respectively, while the sound pressure level increases by a maximum of 4.4dB with the class III wind farm case.
Évolution du taux de sous-évaluation des toxi-infections alimentaires collectives (T.I.A.C.) en France depuis 1992
Authors: Catsaras Marc 
Published: November 2017

Le nombre de malades recencés en France pour les Toxi-infections Alimentaires Collectives est passé, en quelques années grâce à de notables améliorations dans le recueil des données, par différents palliers : 4000 en 1985, 6000 en 1987, 10000 en 1989 et 12000 en 1992.
Le taux de sous-évaluation, estimé à 80% pour 12 000 malades recensés, sur la base de l’hypothèse CATSARAS de 1988, est resté stable à ce niveau en 1993 et 1994.
De nouveaux progrès dans le recueil des données, moins importants que précédemment, sont possibles et le taux de 80% peut donc être amélioré.
SMOS brightness temperature assimilation into the Community Land Model
Authors: Rains Dominik , Han Xujun , Lievens Hans , Montzka Carsten , Verhoest Niko E. C. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity mission) brightness temperatures at a single incident angle are assimilated into the Community Land Model (CLM) across Australia to improve soil moisture simulations. Therefore, the data assimilation system DasPy is coupled to the local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF) as well as to the Community Microwave Emission Model (CMEM). Brightness temperature climatologies are precomputed to enable the assimilation of brightness temperature anomalies, making use of 6 years of SMOS data (2010–2015). Mean correlation R with in situ measurements increases moderately from 0.61 to 0.68 (11 %) for upper soil layers if the root zone is included in the updates. A reduced improvement of 5 % is achieved if the assimilation is restricted to the upper soil layers. Root-zone simulations improve by 7 % when updating both the top layers and root zone, and by 4 % when only updating the top layers. Mean increments and increment standard deviations are compared for the experiments. The long-term assimilation impact is analysed by looking at a set of quantiles computed for soil moisture at each grid cell. Within hydrological monitoring systems, extreme dry or wet conditions are often defined via their relative occurrence, adding great importance to assimilation-induced quantile changes. Although still being limited now, longer L-band radiometer time series will become available and make model output improved by assimilating such data that are more usable for extreme event statistics.
Brief communication: The curious case of the large wood-laden flow event in the Pocuro stream (Chile)
Authors: Ravazzolo Diego , Mao Luca , Mazzorana Bruno , Ruiz-Villanueva Virginia 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Large wood transported during extreme flood events can represent a relevant additional source of hazards that should be taken into account in mountain environments. However, direct observations and monitoring of large-wood transport during floods are difficult and scarce. Here we present a video of a flood characterised by multiple phases of large-wood transport, including an initial phase of wood-laden flow rarely described in the literature. Estimations of flow velocity and transported wood volume provide a good opportunity to develop models of large-wood-congested transport.
Flood impacts on a water distribution network
Authors: Arrighi Chiara , Tarani Fabio , Vicario Enrico , Castelli Fabio 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Floods cause damage to people, buildings and infrastructures. Water distribution systems are particularly exposed, since water treatment plants are often located next to the rivers. Failure of the system leads to both direct losses, for instance damage to equipment and pipework contamination, and indirect impact, since it may lead to service disruption and thus affect populations far from the event through the functional dependencies of the network. In this work, we present an analysis of direct and indirect damages on a drinking water supply system, considering the hazard of riverine flooding as well as the exposure and vulnerability of active system components. The method is based on interweaving, through a semi-automated GIS procedure, a flood model and an EPANET-based pipe network model with a pressure-driven demand approach, which is needed when modelling water distribution networks in highly off-design conditions. Impact measures are defined and estimated so as to quantify service outage and potential pipe contamination. The method is applied to the water supply system of the city of Florence, Italy, serving approximately 380 000 inhabitants. The evaluation of flood impact on the water distribution network is carried out for different events with assigned recurrence intervals. Vulnerable elements exposed to the flood are identified and analysed in order to estimate their residual functionality and to simulate failure scenarios. Results show that in the worst failure scenario (no residual functionality of the lifting station and a 500-year flood), 420 km of pipework would require disinfection with an estimated cost of EUR 21 million, which is about 0.5 % of the direct flood losses evaluated for buildings and contents. Moreover, if flood impacts on the water distribution network are considered, the population affected by the flood is up to 3 times the population directly flooded.