bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A relação dos alunos com os saberes nas aulas de Educação Física
Authors: Santos Wagner Dos , De Paula Sayonara Cunha , Matos Juliana Martins Cassani , Frossard Matheus Lima , Schneider Omar , Ferreira Neto Amarílio 
Published: October 2016

A pesquisa objetiva compreender a relação que os alunos estabelecem com os saberes aprendidos na Educação Física escolar e suas implicações para a constituição da especificidade desse componente curricular. Do tipo narrativa, define como colaboradores alunos do 6º e 9º anos do ensino fundamental de uma escola da Prefeitura Municipal de Vitória/Espírito Santo, sendo 30 discentes do 6º ano e 25 do 9º ano. Possui como instrumentos para produção das fontes: desenhos, explicações sobre os desenhos, grupos focais e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Pelo fato de a Educação Física ser uma disciplina que trabalha com as experiências e práticas corporais, os alunos tendem a associar o aprendizado dos conteúdos à ludicidade e ao prazer. Para compreender essa associação, analisam-se os processos de escolarização e a inserção da Educação Física nesse contexto. THE RELATION OF THE STUDENTS WITH KNOWLEDGES IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES The research aims to understand the relation than students establish with the knowledges learned in school physical education and its implications for the constitution of the specificity of this curricular component. Of a narrative type, it defines students as collaborators of 6th and 9th grades of elementary education at a school of the City of Vitória/Espírito Santo, with 30 students in 6th grade and 25 in 9th grade. Features as tools for the production of sources: drawings, explanations of the drawings, focal groups and semi-structured interviews. Because physical education is a discipline that works with the experiences and bodily practices, the students tends to associate the learning content to the ludicity and pleasure. To understand this association, the processes of schooling are analyzed as well as the inclusion of physical education in this context.
A Model of Somatic Hypermutation Targeting in Mice Based on High-Throughput Ig Sequencing Data
Authors: Cui Ang , Di Niro Roberto , Vander Heiden Jason A. , Briggs Adrian W. , Adams Kris , Gilbert Tamara , O’Connor Kevin C. , Vigneault Francois , Shlomchik Mark J. , Kleinstein Steven H. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Analyses of somatic hypermutation (SHM) patterns in B cell Ig sequences have important basic science and clinical applications, but they are often confounded by the intrinsic biases of SHM targeting on specific DNA motifs (i.e., hot and cold spots). Modeling these biases has been hindered by the difficulty in identifying mutated Ig sequences in vivo in the absence of selection pressures, which skew the observed mutation patterns. To generate a large number of unselected mutations, we immunized B1-8 H chain transgenic mice with nitrophenyl to stimulate nitrophenyl-specific λ+ germinal center B cells and sequenced the unexpressed κ L chains using next-generation methods. Most of these κ sequences had out-of-frame junctions and were presumably uninfluenced by selection. Despite being nonfunctionally rearranged, they were targeted by SHM and displayed a higher mutation frequency than functional sequences. We used 39,173 mutations to construct a quantitative SHM targeting model. The model showed targeting biases that were consistent with classic hot and cold spots, yet revealed additional highly mutable motifs. We observed comparable targeting for functional and nonfunctional sequences, suggesting similar biological processes operate at both loci. However, we observed species- and chain-specific targeting patterns, demonstrating the need for multiple SHM targeting models. Interestingly, the targeting of C/G bases and the frequency of transition mutations at C/G bases was higher in mice compared with humans, suggesting lower levels of DNA repair activity in mice. Our models of SHM targeting provide insights into the SHM process and support future analyses of mutation patterns.
A Comparison of Work Health and Safety Incidents and Injuries in Part-Time and Full-Time Australian Army Personnel
Authors: McDonald Dylan , Orr Robin M. , Pope Rodney 
Published: October 2016

Context: Part-time personnel are an integral part of the Australian Army. With operational deployments increasing, it is essential that medical teams identify the patterns of injuries sustained by part-time personnel in order to mitigate the risks of injury and optimize deployability.Objective: To compare the patterns of reported work health and safety incidents and injuries in part-time and full-time Australian Army personnel.Design: Retrospective cohort study.Setting: The Australian Army.Patients or Other Participants: Australian Army Reserve and Australian regular Army populations, July 1, 2012, through June 30, 2014.Main Outcome Measure(s): Proportions of reported work health and safety incidents that resulted in injuries among Army Reserve and regular Army personnel and specifically the (a) body locations affected by incidents, (b) nature of resulting injuries, (c) injury mechanisms, and (d) activities being performed when the incidents occurred.Results: Over 2 years, 15 065 work health and safety incidents and 11 263 injuries were reported in Army Reserve and regular Army populations combined. In the Army Reserve population, 85% of reported incidents were classified as involving minor personal injuries; 4% involved a serious personal injury. In the regular Army population, 68% of reported incidents involved a minor personal injury; 5% involved a serious personal injury. Substantially lower proportions of Army reservist incidents involved sports, whereas substantially higher proportions were associated with combat training, manual handling, and patrolling when compared with regular Army incidents.Conclusions: Army reservists had a higher proportion of injuries from Army work-related activities than did regular Army soldiers. Proportions of incidents arising from combat tasks and manual handling were higher in the Army Reserve. Understanding the sources of injuries will allow the medical teams to implement injury-mitigation strategies.
Vers une économie circulaire... de proximité ? Une spatialité à géométrie variable
Authors: Durand Mathieu , Bahers Jean-Baptiste , Beraud Hélène 
Published: October 2016

The proximity principle is one of the main obligations in the European and French regulations regarding waste management. However, this principle isn’t really implemented as it isn’t well defined in the law. Proximity is also linked to the new consensual concept of circular economy, which highlights the local scale (even if the local is not mentioned in its definition). The objective of this text is to understand the implementation of the proximity principle in the concept of circular economy according to the waste recycling chains. The methodology is based on analyzing the urban metabolism for few cities and interviewing stakeholders of waste management.The implementation of proximity is quite complex and affected by the “geometry variable” according to the types of waste. Some of them are managed at local scale such as the putrescible and fermentable waste, the bulky refuse, and final waste. Others are easy to transport (e.g. waste with high value added or hazardous waste). We aim at identifying the criteria which determine these geographical issues. The complexity of Extended Producer Responsibility implementation is one of the key to study the spatial analysis of circular economy. All of these case studies give the opportunity to understand the geographical scale of the circular economy’s implementation.
La prise en compte d’une certaine « proximité » fait partie des principes de base de la gestion des déchets. Pour autant ce principe n’est ni clairement défini dans la loi, ni clairement appliqué. La proximité est par ailleurs liée au concept nouveau d’économie circulaire (qui met en avant le cadre territorial local), sans que celui-ci n’intègre de dimension spatiale dans sa définition. L’objectif de ce texte est de comprendre les modalités de mise en œuvre du principe de proximité de gestion des déchets en fonction des différentes filières de traitement, afin d’interroger sa pénétration du concept d’économie circulaire. La méthodologie développée s’appuie sur l’identification du métabolisme de plusieurs villes françaises, ainsi que sur des entretiens avec les acteurs du domaine.L’application du principe de proximité semble se faire à géométrie variable en fonction des filières. Certaines sont gérées localement, concernant par exemple les déchets pondéreux, putrescibles ou ultimes. D’autres au contraire exportent plus largement leurs déchets (déchets à forte valeur ajoutée ou déchets dangereux). Nous identifierons alors les critères qui façonnent cette lecture en fonction des filières et des acteurs. La structuration de nouvelles filières de Responsabilité Elargie du Producteur vient complexifier cette analyse spatiale. Cette diversité de situations permet d’opérer un regard sur l’échelle de mise en œuvre d’une économie circulaire.
Dosage rapide sur site des sulfates dans les granulats recyclés issus du BTP
Authors: PAULUS Hélène , Jagueneau Myriam , Lafon Romain , Waterblez Olivier 
Published: October 2016

In 2012, the sector of building and public works generated nearly 250 million tons of mineral waste. Reuse of these deconstruction materials in roads is subject to compliance with geotechnical and environmental requirements. The latter impose to carry out regular controls of the quality of the material produced, in particular with respect to their content of water soluble sulphate, which may promote detrimental expansions in concrete structures. To simplify these control operations and improve responsiveness on production platforms, the aim of this study was to develop a field method to measure soluble sulphate content in recycled aggregates. The method was performed in laboratory and then on a recycling platform. It is based on a sampling adapted to field conditions and provides an estimate of the sulphate concentration by a visual method using the Visocolor® kit. This work also helped to provide a warning value for materials having a sulphate content higher than the 0.7 % compliance level. But more field data are needed to make this warning value more reliable.
En 2012, le secteur du bâtiment et des travaux publics aura généré près de 250 millions de tonnes de déchets minéraux. La réutilisation de ces matériaux de déconstruction en technique routière est subordonnée au respect de prescriptions géotechniques et environnementales. Ces dernières imposent la réalisation de contrôles réguliers de la qualité des matériaux produits, en particulier de leur teneur en sulfates solubles, ces substances étant susceptibles de provoquer des gonflements préjudiciables pour les structures en béton. Afin de simplifier les opérations de contrôle et gagner en réactivité sur les plateformes de production, l’objectif de cette étude a été de développer une méthode de dosage rapide, sur site, des sulfates solubles dans les granulats recyclés issus du BTP. La méthode a été mise en œuvre en laboratoire puis sur une plateforme de recyclage. Elle repose sur un échantillonnage adapté aux conditions de terrain et permet d’estimer de façon semi-quantitative la concentration en sulfates par une méthode visuelle à l’aide du kit Visocolor®. Ce travail a permis en outre de proposer une valeur d’alerte pour les matériaux susceptibles de présenter une teneur en sulfates supérieure au seuil de conformité de 0,7 %. Cette valeur reste à consolider sur un plus grand nombre d’échantillons.
Le titane dans les sédiments de l'assainissement pluvial urbain : sources, concentrations, mobilités
Authors: Bourdoiseau Julie , Delolme Cécile 
Published: October 2016

Titanium is largely used in the urban environment. The purpose of this study is to characterize the titanium geochemical signature in urban stormwater sediments. Firstly, we compared the titanium, iron, silica, copper, zinc and lead content in 800 river sediments collected in Europe with the content of 19 urban sediments collected in stormwater infiltration basins in Lyon. Even if the total titanium content is not higher in urban sediment (mean of 2,7 g/kg) than in river sediments (1,5 à 4,0 g/kg), urban sediments concentrate titanium in comparison to other main minerals like silica and is correlated to heavy metals. Thus, the urban environment produce eroded particles that have a specific geochemical signature. Secondly, the study of the potentiel soluble or colloïdal mobility of titanium in urban sediment through batch experiments shows that titanium has a very low mobility in soluble or colloïdal form (less than 0,005% of the total titanium content). The organic matter present in urban sediment is supposed to play a major role on the limitation of the mobility of colloïdal titanium.
Le titane est un élément très largement utilisé dans les infrastructures urbaines. L’objectif de cette étude est de connaître la signature géochimique du titane dans les sédiments de l’assainissement urbain pour évaluer la capacité de stockage de cet élément dans ces matériaux et évaluer sa mobilité potentielle dans l’environnement. Ce travail est basé dans un premier temps, sur la comparaison des concentrations de titane, fer, silice, plomb, zinc et cuivre dans plus de 800 échantillons de sédiments de rivières européennes et 19 bassins d’infiltration d’eaux pluviales urbaines de Lyon. Même si les concentrations en titane ne sont pas plus élevées dans les sédiments des bassins d’infiltration (moyenne de 2,7 g/kg) que dans les sédiments de rivières européennes (1,5 à 4,0 g/kg), le milieu urbain concentre le titane proportionnellement aux principaux éléments minéraux présents comme le silicium. Le titane est apporté simultanément avec les métaux traces. Ainsi, le milieu urbain génère, par érosion, des particules qui présentent une signature géochimique particulière. Dans un deuxième temps, l’étude de la mobilité potentielle du titane en batchs sous forme soluble et colloïdale dans des sédiments urbains pluviaux, montre que cet élément est très peu mobile (moins de 0,005 % du titane total) même sous forme colloïdale. La quantité de matière organique semble favoriser la limitation de la mobilité du titane colloïdal en suspension.
Does Psychological Safety Impact the Clinical Learning Environment for Resident Physicians? Results From the VA's Learners' Perceptions Survey
Authors: Torralba Karina D. , Loo Lawrence K. , Byrne John M. , Baz Samuel , Cannon Grant W. , Keitz Sheri A. , Wicker Annie B. , Henley Steven S. , Kashner T. Michael 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Psychological safety (PS) is the perception that it is safe to take interpersonal risks in the work environment. In teaching hospitals, PS may influence the clinical learning environment for trainees.

Objective
We assessed whether resident physicians believe they are psychologically safe, and if PS is associated with how they rate satisfaction with their clinical learning experience.

Methods
Data were extracted from the Learners' Perceptions Survey (LPS) of residents who rotated through a Department of Veterans Affairs health care facility for academic years 2011–2014. Predictors of PS and its association with resident satisfaction were adjusted to account for confounding and response rate biases using generalized linear models.

Results
The 13 044 respondents who completed the LPS (30% response rate) were comparable to nonpediatric, non–obstetrics-gynecology residents enrolled in US residency programs. Among respondents, 11 599 (89%) agreed that “. . . members of the clinical team of which I was part are able to bring up problems and tough issues.” Residents were more likely to report PS if they were male, were in a less complex clinical facility, in an other medicine or psychiatry specialty, or cared for patients who were aged, had multiple illnesses, or had social supports. Nonpsychiatric residents felt safer when treating patients with no concurrent mental health diagnoses. PS was strongly associated with how residents rated their satisfaction across 4 domains of their clinical learning experience (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
PS appears to be an important factor in resident satisfaction across 4 domains that evaluators of graduate medical education programs should consider when assessing clinical learning experiences.
Contextualizing the Physician Charter on Professionalism in Qatar: From Patient Autonomy to Family Autonomy
Authors: Ho Ming-Jung , Alkhal Abdullatif , Tekian Ara , Shih Julie , Shaw Kevin , Wang Chung-Hsiang , Alyafei Khalid , Konopasek Lyuba 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
The Physician Charter on medical professionalism has been endorsed by professional organizations worldwide, yet it is unclear if this Western framework of professionalism is applicable in non-Western countries.

Objective
This study examines how physicians practicing in a Middle Eastern context perceive the terms, principles, and commitments outlined in the charter.

Methods
In May 2013, the authors conducted 6 focus groups with 43 clinician-educators practicing at Hamad Medical Corporation in Doha, Qatar, to discuss the applicability of the Physician Charter in a local context. The research team coded and analyzed transcripts to identify sociocultural influences on professionalism.

Results
Participants generally expressed agreement with the applicability of the charter's principles to physician professionalism in Qatar. However, 3 contextual factors (religious beliefs and practices, family-centered decision making, and multinationality) complicated the application of the core principles of patient autonomy and social justice. Islamic beliefs reinforced the importance of professional values such as altruism, but presented a barrier to the principle of self-determination for female patients. The family-centered culture in Qatar called for enlarging the scope of patient-centered decision making to include the patient's family. Qatar's multinational population prompted debate over equal treatment and how to conceptualize and implement the principle of social justice.

Conclusions
Several sociocultural contexts influence the conceptualization of the principles of medical professionalism in Qatar. The findings suggest that contextual factors should be considered when developing or adopting a professionalism framework in an international setting and context.
Mind the Gap: The Prospects of Missing Data
Authors: McConnell Meghan , Sherbino Jonathan , Chan Teresa M. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
The increasing use of workplace-based assessments (WBAs) in competency-based medical education has led to large data sets that assess resident performance longitudinally. With large data sets, problems that arise from missing data are increasingly likely.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to examine (1) whether data are missing at random across various WBAs, and (2) the relationship between resident performance and the proportion of missing data.

Methods
During 2012–2013, a total of 844 WBAs of CanMEDs Roles were completed for 9 second-year emergency medicine residents. To identify whether missing data were randomly distributed across various WBAs, the total number of missing data points was calculated for each Role. To examine whether the amount of missing data was related to resident performance, 5 faculty members rank-ordered the residents based on performance. A median rank score was calculated for each resident and was correlated with the proportion of missing data.

Results
More data were missing for Health Advocate and Professional WBAs relative to other competencies (P &lt; .001). Furthermore, resident rankings were not related to the proportion of missing data points (r = 0.29, P &gt; .05).

Conclusions
The results of the present study illustrate that some CanMEDS Roles are less likely to be assessed than others. At the same time, the amount of missing data did not correlate with resident performance, suggesting lower-performing residents are no more likely to have missing data than their higher-performing peers. This article discusses several approaches to dealing with missing data.
Seasonal changes in the D  /  H ratio of fatty acids of pelagic microorganisms
in the coastal North Sea
Authors: Heinzelmann Sandra Mariam , Bale Nicole Jane , Villanueva Laura , Sinke-Schoen Danielle , Philippart Catharina Johanna Maria , Sinninghe Damsté Jaap Smede , Schouten Stefan , van der Meer Marcel Teunis Jan 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Culture studies of microorganisms have shown that the hydrogen isotopic composition of fatty acids depends on their metabolism, but there are only few environmental studies available to confirm this observation. Here we studied the seasonal variability of the deuterium-to-hydrogen (D / H) ratio of fatty acids in the coastal Dutch North Sea and compared this with the diversity of the phyto- and bacterioplankton. Over the year, the stable hydrogen isotopic fractionation factor ε between fatty acids and water (εlipid/water) ranged between −172 and −237 ‰, the algal-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid nC20:5 generally being the most D-depleted (−177 to −235 ‰) and nC18:0 the least D-depleted fatty acid (−172 to −210 ‰). The in general highly D-depleted nC20:5 is in agreement with culture studies, which indicates that photoautotrophic microorganisms produce fatty acids which are significantly depleted in D relative to water. The εlipid/water of all fatty acids showed a transient shift towards increased fractionation during the spring phytoplankton bloom, indicated by increasing chlorophyll a concentrations and relative abundance of the nC20:5 polyunsaturated fatty acids, suggesting increased contributions of photoautotrophy. Time periods with decreased fractionation (less negative εlipid/water values) can potentially be explained by an increased contribution of heterotrophy to the fatty acid pool. Our results show that the hydrogen isotopic composition of fatty acids is a promising tool to assess the community metabolism of coastal plankton potentially in combination with the isotopic analysis of more specific biomarker lipids.
Impact of temperature and precipitation extremes on the flowering dates of four German wildlife shrub species
Authors: Siegmund Jonatan F. , Wiedermann Marc , Donges Jonathan F. , Donner Reik V. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Ongoing climate change is known to cause an increase in the frequency and amplitude of local temperature and precipitation extremes in many regions of the Earth. While gradual changes in the climatological conditions have already been shown to strongly influence plant flowering dates, the question arises if and how extremes specifically impact the timing of this important phenological phase. Studying this question calls for the application of statistical methods that are tailored to the specific properties of event time series. Here, we employ event coincidence analysis, a novel statistical tool that allows assessing whether or not two types of events exhibit similar sequences of occurrences in order to systematically quantify simultaneities between meteorological extremes and the timing of the flowering of four shrub species across Germany. Our study confirms previous findings of experimental studies by highlighting the impact of early spring temperatures on the flowering of the investigated plants. However, previous studies solely based on correlation analysis do not allow deriving explicit estimates of the strength of such interdependencies without further assumptions, a gap that is closed by our analysis. In addition to direct impacts of extremely warm and cold spring temperatures, our analysis reveals statistically significant indications of an influence of temperature extremes in the autumn preceding the flowering.