bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent and subrecent diet of the barn owl (Tyto alba) in Slovakia
Authors: Obuch Ján , Danko Štefan , Noga Michal 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We completed data on the diet of the barn owl (Tyto alba) predominately from pellets for the period of the last 50 years from Slovakia. We analyzed material from 251 locations and 16 territorial units. The aggregate represents 119,231 pieces of prey from 47 species of mammals (Mammalia, 95.7%) and 58 species of birds (Aves, 3.9%), with a small representation of amphibians, reptiles (Amphibia and Reptilia, 0.2%) and invertebrates (Invertebrata, 0.2%). The obtaining of food among the owls is limited to synanthropic environments and the surrounding agricultural landscape, and the centre of its distribution in the recent period (i.e. the past 50 years: 1965-201 5) has been concentrated mainly on the southern parts of Slovakia. In this environment the common vole (Microtus arvalis, 59.6%) is the primary prey. Additional prey are rodents of the family Muridae: Mus musculus (5.6%), Micromys minutus (2.2%), Apodemus microps (2.2%), A. flavicollis (2.0%), A. sylvaticus (1 .6%) and A. agrarius (1 .5%); insectivores of the family Soricidae: Sorex araneus (6.2%), S. minutus (2.4%), Crocidura leucodon (4.8%) and C. suaveolens (2.8%); and the house sparrow Passer domesticus (2.9%). In the higher situated Turcianska kotlina Basin the species M. arvalis (74.3%) has higher domination, and instead of the white-toothed shrews the water shrews Neomys anomalus (2.8%) and N. fodiens (1 .3%) are more abundantly represented. In 3 localities owls focused on hunting bats; for example, in the church in Ratková the order Chiroptera made up 35.2% of prey. From the subrecent period (i.e. from before more than 50 years ago) we evaluate 4 samples from the territory of Slovakia with 15,601 pieces of prey ofT. alba. Before more than 50 years ago owls were also more abundantly represented at higher elevations in Slovakia, evidence of which is Weisz’s collection of pellets from 1 6 localities in the Ondavská vrchovina Upland in the years 1945 to 1963, but also a registry of data from the 19th and 20th centuries from higher located basins. In 4 samples of food from the subrecent period diversity in the representation of owl prey is higher, accompanied by low domination ofM. arvalis and a more abundant representation of murids from the genera Mus and Apodemus. The oldest sample, dated to the 16th century, is from a church in Žilina-Rudiny
Inhibition of Poly-ADP-Ribosylation Fails to Increase Axonal Regeneration or Improve Functional Recovery after Adult Mammalian CNS Injury
Authors: Wang Xingxing , Sekine Yuichi , Byrne Alexandra B. , Cafferty William B.J. , Hammarlund Marc , Strittmatter Stephen M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAfter traumatic damage of the brain or spinal cord, many surviving neurons are disconnected, and recovery of function is limited by poor axon regeneration. Recent data have suggested that poly ADP-ribosylation plays a role in limiting axonal regrowth such that inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) may have therapeutic efficacy for neurological recovery after trauma. Here, we tested systemic administration of the PARP inhibitor, veliparib, and showed effective suppression of PARylation in the mouse CNS. After optic nerve crush injury or dorsal hemisection of the thoracic spinal cord in mice, treatment with veliparib at doses with pharmacodynamic action had no benefit for axonal regeneration or functional recovery. We considered whether PARP gene family specificity might play a role.In vitromouse cerebral cortex axon regeneration experiments revealed that short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated suppression of PARP1 promoted axonal regeneration, whereas suppression of other PARP isoforms either had no effect or decreased regeneration. Therefore, we examined recovery from neurological trauma in mice lacking PARP1. No increase of axonal regeneration was observed inParp1–/–mice after optic nerve crush injury or dorsal hemisection of the thoracic spinal cord, and there was no improvement in motor function recovery. Thus, comprehensivein vivoanalysis reveals no indication that clinical PARP inhibitors will on their own provide benefit for recovery from CNS trauma.
Sure I'm Sure: Prefrontal Oscillations Support Metacognitive Monitoring of Decision Making
Authors: Wokke Martijn E. , Cleeremans Axel , Ridderinkhof K. Richard 
Published: December 2016

Successful decision making critically involves metacognitive processes such as monitoring and control of our decision process. Metacognition enables agents to modify ongoing behavior adaptively and determine what to do next in situations in which external feedback is not (immediately) available. Despite the importance of metacognition for many aspects of life, little is known about how our metacognitive system operates or about what kind of information is used for metacognitive (second-order) judgments. In particular, it remains an open question whether metacognitive judgments are based on the same information as first-order decisions. Here, we investigated the relationship between metacognitive performance and first-order task performance by recording EEG signals while participants were asked to make a “diagnosis” after seeing a sample of fictitious patient data (a complex pattern of colored moving dots of different sizes). To assess metacognitive performance, participants provided an estimate about the quality of their diagnosis on each trial. Results demonstrate that the information that contributes to first-order decisions differs from the information that supports metacognitive judgments. Further, time–frequency analyses of EEG signals reveal that metacognitive performance is associated specifically with prefrontal theta-band activity. Together, our findings are consistent with a hierarchical model of metacognition and suggest a crucial role for prefrontal oscillations in metacognitive performance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMonitoring and control of our decision process (metacognition) is a crucial aspect of adaptive decision making. Crucially, metacognitive skills enable us to adjust ongoing behavior and determine future decision making when immediate feedback is not available. In the present study, we constructed a “diagnosis task” that allowed us to assess in what way first-order task performance and metacognition are related to each other. Results demonstrate that the contribution of sensory evidence (size, color, and motion direction) differs between first- and second-order decision making. Further, our results indicate that metacognitive performance specifically is orchestrated by means of prefrontal theta oscillations. Together, our findings suggest a hierarchical model of metacognition.
Contribution of Innate Cortical Mechanisms to the Maturation of Orientation Selectivity in Parvalbumin Interneurons
Authors: Figueroa Velez Dario X. , Ellefsen Kyle L. , Hathaway Ethan R. , Carathedathu Mathew C. , Gandhi Sunil P. 
Published: December 2016

The maturation of cortical parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons depends on the interaction of innate and experience-dependent factors. Dark-rearing experiments suggest that visual experience determines when broad orientation selectivity emerges in visual cortical PV interneurons. Here, using neural transplantation andin vivocalcium imaging of mouse visual cortex, we investigated whether innate mechanisms contribute to the maturation of orientation selectivity in PV interneurons. First, we confirmed earlier findings showing that broad orientation selectivity emerges in PV interneurons by 2 weeks after vision onset, ∼35 d after these cells are born. Next, we assessed the functional development of transplanted PV (tPV) interneurons. Surprisingly, 25 d after transplantation (DAT) and >2 weeks after vision onset, we found that tPV interneurons have not developed broad orientation selectivity. By 35 DAT, however, broad orientation selectivity emerges in tPV interneurons. Transplantation does not alter orientation selectivity in host interneurons, suggesting that the maturation of tPV interneurons occurs independently from their endogenous counterparts. Together, these results challenge the notion that the onset of vision solely determines when PV interneurons become broadly tuned. Our results reveal that an innate cortical mechanism contributes to the emergence of broad orientation selectivity in PV interneurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEarly visual experience and innate developmental programs interact to shape cortical circuits. Visual-deprivation experiments have suggested that the onset of visual experience determines when interneurons mature in the visual cortex. Here we used neuronal transplantation and cellular imaging of visual responses to investigate the maturation of parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons. Our results suggest that the emergence of broad orientation selectivity in PV interneurons is innately timed.
De las motivaciones para escribir historia local
Authors: Londoño Pineda Oscar 
Published: December 2016

El presente ensayo ofrece, a partir de la experiencia investigativa del autor y su contacto con la comunidad del municipio de Tuluá (Valle del Cauca), un balance sobre el potencial de motivaciones que se originan al escribir historias locales. El autor considera relevante las motivaciones de orden personal o familiar, las de carácter reivindicativo en torno a personajes o hechos históricos que forman parte de la memoria de una comunidad y las de orden emocional y social. Finalmente la historia local es vista por el autor como una práctica de gran utilidad para la enseñanza y aprendizaje a partir de las realidades locales.Palabras Clave: historia local, autobiografía, Tuluá, motivaciones. On the motivations to write local historyAbstractThe present essay offers, from the investigative experience of the author and his contact with the municipal community of Tuluá (Valle del Cauca), an assessment of the potential from motivations which originate upon writing local histories. Motivations stemming from personal or family matters, from the vindication of people or historic events which form a part of a community’s memory, from emotional, and from social issues, are all considered relevant by the author. Finally, local history is seen by the author as a very useful practice for teaching and learning from local realities. Keywords: local history, autobiography, Tuluá, motivations.
La Historia Local en América Latina. Tendencias, corrientes y perspectivas en el siglo XX
Authors: Serrano Alvarez Pablo 
Published: December 2016

El texto ofrece un enfoque general sobre las tendencias historiográficas, problemas y temas de la historia regional y local en latinoamericana. En particular a partir del impacto de la historiografía europea y norteamericana en el subcontinente. El autor ofrece su concepción reflexiva y teórica sobre el significado de la historia local, y de un modo crítico advierte sobre sus limitaciones y alcances en la profesionalización de la disciplina a partir de las siguientes preguntas: ¿qué es historia local o regional?, ¿cuáles son las perspectivas que se vislumbran de este género de la disciplina histórica en Latinoamérica?, ¿para qué hacer historia local, regional, o microhistoria?, ¿cómo se cultiva este género en América Latina? y finalmente, ¿qué significa hacer este tipo de Historia en nuestros países?Palabras clave: historiografía, estudios regionales y locales, América Latina.Local history in Latin America: Tendencies, trends, and perspectives in the 20th century AbstractThe text offers a general focus on the historiographical tendencies, problems, and topics of regional and local history in Latin America; in particular, starting from the impact of European and North American historiography on the subcontinent. The author offers his reflective and theoretical conception of the meaning of local history, and, in a critical style, warns against the limitations and extent of the professionalization of the discipline by using the following questions: What is local or regional history? What are the perspectives which are seen in this genre of historical discipline in Latin America? Why should we do local, regional, or micro-history? How is this genre cultivated in Latin America? And, finally, What does it mean to do this kind of history in our countries? Keywords: historiography, regional and local studies, Latin America.
Otro paso en la reflexión sobre Historia local
Authors: Zuluaga Ramírez Francisco Uriel 
Published: December 2016

El ensayo ofrece una reflexión epistemológica sobre la historia local a partir de distintas revisiones de orden historiográfico del ámbito latinoamericano y europeo. El texto analiza de modo crítico los elementos ineludibles de la Historia Local y manifiesta la relación dicotómica de la singularidad colectiva e individual. En igual sentido resaltan el papel de las fuentes, los hechos y su relación con el papel los protagonistas o actores históricos en una localidad.Palabras clave: Historia local, microhistoria, historiografia, epistemología, metodología. Another step in the reflection on local history AbstractThe essay offers an epistemological reflection on local history from the distinct historiographical revisions of the Latin American and European spheres. In a critical manner, the text analyzes the unavoidable elements of local history and makes manifest the dichotomous relationship of collective and individual singularity. In the same manner, they highlight the role of sources, the events, and their relationship with the role of protagonists or historical actors in a locality. Keywords: local history, microhistory, historiography, epistemology, methodology.
Historia local y hermenéutica
Authors: Zuluaga Ramírez Francisco Uriel 
Published: December 2016

El autor ofrece su reflexión sobre la relación: historia local y hermenéutica a partir de las siguientes preguntas: ¿Tiene la hermenéutica algún papel en la búsqueda de fuentes e información acerca del tema u objeto de investigación?, ¿Que función puede tener la hermenéutica en la critica interna o externa, de los documentos y de los hechos?, ¿En cualquiera de los momentos, qué debe ser interpretado? y ¿El ejercicio hermenéutico es privativo de la producción del Texto? En tal sentido considera la importancia de la hermenéutica en el trabajo del historiador y como parte todo el proceso historiográfico, al igual que la heurística y la crítica.Palabras clave: hermenéutica, historia local, interpretación, heurística. Local history and hermeneutics Abstract The author offers his reflection on the relationship between local history and hermeneutics from the following questions: Does hermeneutics have some role in the search for sources of information about the topic or object of research? What function can hermeneutics have in internal or external criticism of the documents and of the events? In a given moment, what should be interpreted? Is the hermeneutic act “particular” with reference to the production of the text? In this fashion the importance of hermeneutics in the work of the historian and as part of all of the historiographical process is considered, just as heuristics and criticism is. Keywords: hermeneutics, local history, interpretation, heuristics.
Representaciones de las mujeres en la Independencia desde la historiografía colombiana
Authors: González Eraso Judith Colombia 
Published: December 2016

El propósito de este texto consiste en explorar la historiografía colombiana producida en el siglo XX sobre “Las Mujeres en la Independencia”; con el fin de identificar las imágenes, representaciones y discursos, a los que apelaron los historiadores al idearse las categorías de: “Heroínas”, “Mártires” y “Realistas”. La historia vista desde la perspectiva de los estudios de género, brinda herramientas analíticas, teóricas y conceptuales que ayudan a visibilizar y deconstruir la historia femenina y su participación como sujeto político. Palabras clave: mujeres, independencia, heroínas, mártires, realistas, historiografía. Women´s Roles Within The Independence: From Colombian Historiography Abstract The purpose of this paper is to explore the Colombian historiography produced during the XX century about “Women within the independence”; in order to identify the pictures, roles and speeches that historians resorted to, for creating the categories: “Heroines”, “Martyrs”, “Realists”. History from the gender studies perspective provides analytical, theoretical and conceptual tools that allow visualizing and discovering the female’s history and their role as a political character. Keywords: Women, History, Historiography, Independence, Roles and Gender.
Sobre historia regional y microhistoria italiana. Diálogos a propósito de una experiencia política local en la Argentina de 1930
Authors: Kindgard Adriana 
Published: December 2016

Tomando como eje de la reflexión los procesos en torno a una peculiar experiencia de participación política que se configuró en Jujuy –provincia ubicada en el extremo norte de Argentina– hacia la década de 1930 se argumenta que las posibilidades de diálogo entre la historia regional y la microhistoria italiana dependen del posicionamiento previo en torno a la problemática epistemológica de la tensión entre explicación y comprensión, entendiendo que el rescate de una singularidad histórica no entra en coalición con la búsqueda de regularidades en la acción social. El análisis del caso concreto bajo estudio parte de la premisa metodológica según la cual el sentido mentado por los actores en sus prácticas se captura a través de un fuerte ejercicio de contextualización que apunta hacia el particular marco histórico en el que el fenómeno resulta inteligible. La alusión a procesos configurados regionalmente y aprehensibles a este nivel espacial– resultó fundamental. Se deja abierta la reflexión en torno a la pertinencia de considerar el nivel de lo “regional” como espacio de análisis adecuado a fin de que los resultados de la reconstrucción histórica trasciendan sus originales marcos y puedan arrojar luz sobre realidades distantes en el espacio o el tiempo.Palabras clave: historia regional, microhistoria italiana, explicación-comprensión, contextualización, proyección del análisis. About regional history and Italian microhistory. Dialogues on the occasion of a local political experience in the Argentina of the 1930s AbstractTaking as the centre of reflection the process around a peculiar experience of political participation which took place in Jujuy –a northern province of Argentina– at about the 1930s we say that the chances of dialogue between regional history and Italian microhistory depend on previous position around the epistemological question of the tension between explanation and understanding, assuming that the rescue of historical singularity does not collide with the search of regularities in social action. The analysis of the concrete event under consideration is based on the methodological premise in accordance with it the sense make aware by the actors in their practices it captures through a strong exercise of contextualization that points towards the particular historical framework in which the phenomenon becomes intelligible. It was fundamental the allusion to the process that had been formed and grasped with reference to a regional level. We want to install the reflection around the appropriateness of regard the regional level as an adequate space of analysis in order to the results of historical reconstruction exceed its original frameworks and light up distant realities across the space or the time.Keywords: regional history, Italian microhistory, explanation-understanding, contextualization, projection of analysis.
Atraer el pueblo a las urnas: la campaña electoral de Enrique Olaya Herrera
Authors: Zapata Hincapie Oscar Javier 
Published: December 2016

El artículo estudia la campaña electoral del liberal Enrique Olaya Herrera por la presidencia que tuvo lugar en 1930, en la que se disputó el triunfo con los candidatos conservadores Guillermo Valencia, Alfredo Vázquez Cobo y Alberto Castrillón. El enfoque desarrolla una perspectiva particular a la historia cultural aplicada a fenómenos de la política. Analiza los procedimientos empleados por el candidato liberal y sus organizaciones para acercarse al elector y ganar su respaldo en una disputa abierta, la evolución de esa nueva relación y de qué manera se incrementó la participación ciudadana en este evento electoral. Los espacios de sociabilidad como la calle y la plaza pública son utilizados y re-significados para el despliegue de esa relación emocional que se da entre Olaya Herrera y la multitud a través de concentraciones y marchas que fueron fotografiadas y comentadas en diferentes diarios de la épocadurante la campaña electoral, todo un acto que se puebla de imágenes, símbolos, emblemas, eslóganes, de banderas, de frases distintivas y consignas.Palabras claves: Campaña electoral, ciudadanía, sufragio, manifestación, discurso político, candidatos. Attracting people to the polls: the Enrique Olaya Herrera’s election campaign AbstractThe article examines the liberal party candidate Enrique Olaya Herrera’s election campaign, as a presidential candidate, hold in 1930, in which he competed against the conservative party candidates Guillermo Valencia, Alfredo Vázquez Cobo and Alberto Castrillón. The approach develops a unique perspective to the cultural history put into practice in political phenomena. It analysis the procedures and organizations used by the Liberal Party candidate to come closer to the elector and get his support in an open competition; the development of that new relationship and how the citizen participation in this election event increased. Are used socializing areas such as the street and the main square, and they have a new meaning for the spreading of that emotional relationship between Olaya Herrera and the people. This relationship is shown in marchs which were taken in photograph and discussed in different newspapers from that time during the election campaign. It is all a manifestation full of pictures, symbols, emblems, slogans, flags and distinctive words.Keywords: Election Campaign, Citizen, Vote, Demonstration, Political Speech, Candidate.
Sociedad de Beneficencia San Vicente de Paúl en Medellín (Antioquia, Colombia), 1890-1930
Authors: Morales Mendoza Paola Andrea 
Published: December 2016

El artículo estudia la Sociedad de Beneficencia San Vicente de Paúl en Medellín (Colombia) entre 1890 y 1930. El texto ofrece una síntesis sobre su origen y sus prácticas sociales. Analiza su carácter religioso y la participación de la Iglesia Católica, el papel de la mujer y la política en la organización. Además, rinde cuenta de las distintas obras sociales y de beneficencia realizada en la ciudad. La autora desarrolla un enfoque histórico teniendo cuenta un acervo documental y uso de técnicas tradicionales propias de la disciplina.Palabras clave: Sociedad San Vicente de Paul, beneficencia, filantropía, historia local, Medellín. Sociedad de Beneficencia San Vicente de Paúl in Medellin (Antiquia, Colombia), 1890-1930 AbstractThis article studies the Sociedad de Beneficencia San Vicente de Paúl in Medellin, Colombia from 1890 to 1930. It offers a summary on its origin and social practice. It analyses its religious character and the participation of the Catholic Church, the woman’s role and the political role in its organization. It also presents the different social and charitable works done in the city. The author develops a historical approach taking into account a cultural heritage, and the use of traditional techniques typical of the discipline. Keywords: Sociedad San Vicente de Paul, Charity, Philanthropy, Local History, Medellin.