bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strontium‐containing mineralized phospholipid coatings improve osseointegration in osteoporotic rats
Authors: Fernandes e Oliveira Hiskell Francine , Addison Owen , Yogui Fernanda C. , Cruz Marcos Antonio Eufrásio , Nogueira Lucas Fabricio Bahia , Okamoto Roberta , Souza Ana Carla Gonçales , Ramos Ana Paula , Verri Fellippo Ramos 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSurface treatments play an important role in enhancing the osseointegration of Titanium (Ti) and its alloys. This study introduces a method employing biomimetic hydroxyapatite (Hap) deposition guided by molecularly organized phospholipids, affixed to the metal implant surface. Using the Langmuir–Blodgett technique, phospholipids were deposited onto Ti‐screws by using CaCl2 or CaCl2/SrCl2 aqueous solution in the subphase of a Langmuir trough in the target proportion (i.e. 10 and 90 mol% of Sr2+ in relation of Ca2+) followed by immersion in phosphate buffer and in supersaturated simulated body fluid. Coating composition and morphology were evaluated using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively, while contact angle measurements assessed coating wettability and surface energy. Randomized screws were then implanted into the tibias of healthy and osteoporotic female rats (G1: Control‐Machined, G2: Hap, G3: HapSr10, G4: HapSr90). Osseointegration, assessed 60 days post‐implantation, included reverse torque, fluorochrome area, bone tissue‐screw contact area, and linear extent of bone‐screw contact. Results, grouped by surface treatment (Machined, Hap, HapSr10, HapSr90), revealed that the deposition of Hap, HapSr10, and HapSr90 resulted in thin and rough coatings composed of hydroxyapatite (Hap) on the screw surface with nanoscale pores. The coatings resulted in increased wettability and surface energy of Ti surfaces. The minerals are chemically similar to natural bone apatite as revealed by FTIR analysis. In vivo analyses indicated higher torque values for strontium‐containing surfaces in the osteoporotic group (p = 0.02) and, in the control group superior torque for screw removal on the Hap surface (p = 0.023). Hydroxyapatite‐treated surfaces enhance morphology, composition, and reactivity, promoting screw osseointegration in healthy and osteoporotic female rats. The incorporation of strontium into the mineral phase has been proposed to not only stimulate osteoblast activity but also reduce osteoclastic resorption, which may explain the improved outcomes observed here in experimental osteoporotic conditions.
Local Sustained Dinutuximab Delivery and Release From Methacrylated Chondroitin Sulfate
Authors: Mistretta Katelyn S. , Tiche Jane , Chiu Bill , Coburn Jeannine M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTNeuroblastoma (NB) is the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor. High‐risk NB is a subset of the disease that has poor prognosis and requires multimodal treatment regimens, with a 50% rate of recurrence despite intervention. There is a need for improved treatment strategies to reduce high‐risk patient mortality. Dinutuximab is an anti‐GD2 antibody ideal for targeting GD2 expressing NB cells, but binding of the antibody to peripheral nerve fibers leads to severe pain during systemic administration. Intratumoral delivery of the anti‐GD2 antibody would allow for increased local antibody concentration, without increasing systemic toxicity. Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) is a biocompatible glycosaminoglycan that can be methacrylated to form CSMA, a photocrosslinkable hydrogel that can be loaded with therapeutic agents. The methacrylation reaction time can be varied to achieve different degrees of substitution, resulting in different release and degradation profiles. In this work, 4 and 24 h reacted CSMA was used to create hydrogels at 10% and 20% CSMA. Sustained in vitro release of dinutuximab from these formulations was observed over a 24‐day period, and 4 h reacted 10% CSMA hydrogels had the highest overall dinutuximab release over time. An orthotropic mouse model was used to evaluate in vivo response to dinutuximab loaded 4 h methacrylated 10% CSMA hydrogels as compared to bolus tail vein injections. Tumor growth was monitored, and there was a statistically significant increase in the days to reach specific tumor size for tumors treated with intratumoral dinutuximab‐loaded hydrogel compared to those treated with dinutuximab solution through tail vein injection. This supports the concept that locally delivering dinutuximab within the hydrogel formulation slowed tumor growth. The CSMA hydrogel‐only treatment slowed tumor growth as well, an interesting effect that may indicate interactions between the CSMA and cell adhesion molecules in the tumor microenvironment. These findings demonstrate a potential avenue for local sustained delivery of dinutuximab for improved anti‐tumoral response in high‐risk NB.
Procedure‐related readmissions following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in a liver transplant cohort
Authors: Gu Jennifer , Zorron Cheng Tao Pu Leonardo , Ng Jonathan , Be Kim H , Vaughan Rhys , Chandran Sujievvan , Efthymiou Marios 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimData on post‐endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) adverse events and readmission rates in liver transplantation (LT) patients remain scarce. This study determined the 30‐day procedure‐related readmission rate following ERCP in an LT cohort at an Australian tertiary academic center.MethodsAll unplanned readmissions within 30 days following ERCP in orthotopic LT patients between December 2012 and August 2021 were retrospectively identified. Demographic data, procedure variables, and readmission characteristics were also collected.ResultsForty‐five procedure‐related readmissions were identified (3.3%) from a total of 1369 ERCP procedures. This included 33 cases of cholangitis (2.4%), 7 cases of nonspecific abdominal pain (0.5%), 5 cases of mild post‐ERCP pancreatitis (0.5%), and 3 cases of bleeding (0.2%). No procedure‐related mortality was observed.ConclusionThe procedure‐related readmission rate following ERCP in this LT cohort was 3.3%, which is likely lower than comparable studies carried out on the overall population.
Academic hospitalist perspectives on the benefits and challenges of secure messaging: A mixed methods analysis
Authors: Knees Michelle , Keniston Angela , Yu Amy , Sakumoto Matthew , Westergaard Sara , Schwatka Natalie , Peterson Rachel , Kochar Aveena , Auerbach Andrew , Lee Tiffany , Burden Marisha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundHospitals and patients rely on effective clinician communication. Asynchronous electronic secure messaging (SM) systems are a common way for hospitalists to communicate, but few studies have evaluated how hospitalists are navigating the adoption of SM and the benefits and challenges they are encountering.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to assess academic hospitalist perspectives on SM to guide future research and quality improvement initiatives.MethodsThis was a mixed methods study utilizing an embedded REDCap survey and six virtual semistructured focus groups. It took place during a Hospital Medicine ReEngineering Network Zoom meeting on October 13, 2023. Rapid qualitative methods were used to define major themes.ResultsThere were 28 hospitalists and one patient representative across 24 separate academic institutions. There was a 71% survey completion rate (N = 20). SM was felt to be an effective and efficient communication modality but was associated with a large amount of multitasking and interruptions. Perspectives around SM clustered around three main themes: SM has been widely but variably adopted; there is a lack of institutional guidance about how to best engage with SM; and SM is changing the landscape of hospitalist work by increasing ease but decreasing depth of communication, increasing cognitive load, and changing interpersonal relationships. Recommendations for SM improvements included the need for institutions to work with frontline workers to develop and implement clear usage guidelines.ConclusionSM is likely contributing to both positive and negative effects for clinicians and patients. Understanding hospitalist perspectives on SM will help guide future research and quality improvement initiatives.
Tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A exceeds endomysial antibody in specificity of celiac diagnosis at ≥10 times the upper limit of normal
Authors: Pacheco Maria Cristina , Fink Susan L. , Lee Dale , Dickerson Jane 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveSerologic diagnosis using tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A (TTG‐IgA) and endomysial antibody (EMA) is being integrated into the care of pediatric patients with positive screening for celiac disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of EMA in pediatric patients being considered for serologic diagnosis.MethodsPatients with TTG‐IgA testing performed between May 1, 2022 and April 30, 2023 and with subsequent duodenal biopsy within 6 months were included. TTG‐IgA serum samples were frozen and sent for EMA testing and titer. EMA was evaluated for positivity and TTG‐IgA (normal <15 U/mL) for elevation <10 times (10x) the upper limit of normal (ULN) and ≥10x ULN (≥150 U/mL). Sensitivity and specificity of EMA and TTG‐IgA were calculated using biopsy histology as the gold standard.ResultsFour hundred and eighty‐six patients were included. The sensitivity and specificity of TTG‐IgA ≥15 U/mL was 87.5% and 95.4% while EMA was 77.5% and 97.3%. For patients with TTG‐IgA ≥10x ULN the specificity was 99.3%. The positive predictive value of TTG‐IgA at ≥10x ULN was 91.4% and for EMA was 83.6%. All three patients with false‐positive TTG‐IgA ≥10x ULN also had false‐positive EMA, and two of these patients had type 1 diabetes mellitus.ConclusionsTTG‐IgA has greater sensitivity at the screening threshold of ≥15 U/mL and greater specificity and positive predictive value at ≥10x ULN than EMA. TTG‐IgA at ≥10x ULN is superior to EMA for the serologic diagnosis of celiac disease.
How Do Changes in Ecosystem Services Multifunctionality Influence Human Wellbeing? Evidence From the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration in China
Authors: Liu Lumeng , Liu Yilin , Kong Lingqiang , Zhong Zhen , Fang Xuening 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA proclaimed goal of landscape management is to improve the multifunctionality of ecosystem services (ESs) to sustain higher levels of human wellbeing (HWB). Although the enhancement of ES multifunctionality is often considered to lead to better HWB, empirical evidence directly supporting this claim remains scarce. This study investigates the relationship between ES multifunctionality and HWB in rapidly urbanizing regions, using the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration in China as a case study. We quantified ES multifunctionality with the Gini‐Simpson Diversity Index and identified ES multifunctional types using the bundle approach. We also calculated both the HWB mean score and HWB evenness score with the improved radar chart method, examining their relationships with ES multifunctionality through Spearman correlation analysis and the Kruskal–Wallis rank‐sum test. Results showed that (1) ES multifunctionality exhibited varied relationships with HWB indicators, but overall showed significant negative associations with both HWB mean score and HWB evenness score. (2) Each HWB indicator significantly differed across the detected ES bundles, but none of the bundles exhibited the highest values of all HWB indicators. (3) HWB mean score and HWB evenness score were generally higher in the peri‐urban bundle while lower in the agriculture and forest bundles. Our findings suggest that peri‐urban landscapes can provide relatively higher and more balanced levels of HWB in urban agglomerations. This also implies that a “land‐sharing” urban development model, which balances natural and built environments, may be more beneficial for enhancing ES multifunctionality and HWB compared with a “land‐sparing” model, where natural and built areas are separated.
2D Black Phosphorus Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Zhu Xianjun , Cai Zheng , Wu Qihan , Wu Jinlong , Liu Shujuan , Chen Xiang , Zhao Qiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract2D black phosphorus (b‐P) possesses several remarkable properties, including ambipolar transport, high carrier mobility, in‐plane anisotropy, polarization sensitivity, a narrow direct bandgap that can be tuned with the number of layers, and highly compatible with silicon‐based technologies. These characteristics make it a promising material for photodetection in the near‐infrared to mid‐infrared range. However, to date, most of the reviews on b‐P are centered around electronic and optoelectronic devices, with few specifically addressing infrared detection. Herein, the recent research progress on b‐P infrared detectors is summarized in this review. This article introduces the principle of optoelectronic detection, the main properties of 2D b‐P, the development history of b‐P fabrication methods, presents and discusses the performance and characteristics of various infrared photodetectors based on different structures of 2D b‐P that have been researched in recent years. Finally, the challenges that may be faced by black phosphorus‐based infrared photoelectric detectors are briefly introduced, and the potential application directions are discussed from the perspective of large‐scale production and practical application. This article provides an in‐depth analysis and evaluation of the future development prospects of 2D b‐P materials as a potential excellent candidate of infrared photodetectors.
Paradoxical decompositions of free F2$F_2$‐sets and the Hahn‐Banach axiom
Authors: Morillon Marianne 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDenoting by the free group over a two‐element alphabet, we show in set‐theory without the axiom of choice that the existence of a (2, 2)‐paradoxical decomposition of free ‐sets follows from the conjunction of a weakened consequence of the Hahn‐Banach axiom and a weakened consequence of the axiom of choice for pairs. The existence in of a paradoxical decomposition with 4 pieces of the sphere in the 3‐dimensional euclidean space follows from the same two statements restricted to the set of real numbers. Our result is linked to the ‐paradoxical decompositions of free ‐sets previously obtained by Pawlikowski (, cf. [11]) and then by Sato and Shioya ( and , cf. [13]) with the sole Hahn‐Banach axiom.
Full Thickness, Near‐Total to Total Lower Lip Reconstruction Using Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator Free Flap: A Case Report
Authors: Stanley Edward A. , Illie Vlad 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTNear‐total to total lower lip defects present significant challenges for reconstructive surgeons, requiring restoration of oral competency, maximization of oral aperture, and cosmetic appearance. This report explores a novel reconstructive option addressing all three needs. Traditionally, local flap options restore cosmesis and oral competency by recruiting local tissue of similar thickness, pliability, and appearance, but often result in microstomia. Conversely, free flaps prevent microstomia but can lead to bulky and cosmetically unacceptable reconstructions. We present the first case of using a super‐thin superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) free flap for near‐total, full‐thickness lower lip reconstruction. The patient was a 66‐year‐old female with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip, requiring wide local excision and resulting in an 80% full‐thickness defect with unilateral oral commissure loss. An 8 cm × 5 cm × 5 mm SCIP flap was raised with a 4.5‐cm pedicle length and anastomosed to the facial artery and vein. Clear fluids were commenced 7 days postoperatively, wounds healed 2 weeks postoperatively, and a normal diet was resumed at this time. The SCIP flap offers an excellent additional option for managing full‐thickness near‐total to total lower lip defects. Its thin, pliable nature and minimal donor site morbidity help restore oral competency, maximize oral aperture, and achieve a pleasing cosmetic result.
Ameliorative Effects of Ginger on Allergic Diseases: An Updated Review
Authors: Khaki Vaighan Mohammad , Shams Mohammad Hossein , Tatari Fatemeh , Jafari Reza , Sohrabi Seyyed Mohsen , Eskandari Nahid , Mohammadi Mohsen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system to harmless environmental substances causes allergic diseases. Today, about 22%–30% of the world's population suffers from allergic diseases. Since the probability of change in the genetic structure during the past decades of lives is very low, genetic disorders cannot be blamed for causing allergic diseases. Thus, factors such as air pollution, climate change, change in diet, increased antibiotics consumption, change in the gut microbiome, migration toward urban areas, and increase in airborne allergens should be considered as the main causes of the spread and increase in allergic diseases. Methods of preventing contact with allergens, drug treatment, and allergen‐specific immunotherapy are used to treat allergic diseases. In recent years, the therapeutic efficacy of herbal compounds has been significantly investigated by the scientific community, because these compounds have very few side effects. Ginger is one of the plant compounds that have anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. The ameliorative effects of this plant on allergic diseases have been identified. Therefore, the aim of this short review is to summarize the knowledge, which is available about the ameliorative properties of the compounds found in the ginger plant that can reduce the clinical symptoms of allergic diseases.
Garlic Bioconverted by Bacillus subtilis Stimulates the Intestinal Immune System and Modulates Gut Microbiota Composition
Authors: Tonog Genevieve , Yu Hyeonjun , Moon Sung‐Kwon , Lee Sanghyun , Jeong Hyeleen , Kim Hae Soung , Kim Kwang Bin , Suh Hyung Joo , Kim Hoon 
Published: October 2024

ScopeThis study evaluates the potential of bioconverted garlic ferments (BGFs) to stimulate the intestinal immune system and modulate cecal microbiota composition.Methods and resultsIn vitro, BGF significantly enhances Peyer's patch (PP)‐mediated bone marrow cell proliferation and increases the production of interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), interleukin (IL)‐6, and immunoglobulin A (IgA) but not IL‐4, IL‐5, and immunoglobulin E (IgE). Oral administration of BGF to C3H/HeN mice for 4 weeks significantly increases the GM‐CSF (42.1–45.8 pg mL−1) and IFN‐γ (6.5–12.1 pg mL−1) levels in PP cells. BGF also significantly elevates the levels of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α, 165.0–236.3 pg mg−1), GM‐CSF (2.4–3.0 ng mg−1), and IFN‐γ (1.5–3.2 ng mg−1) in the small intestinal fluid, and TNF‐α (2.2–3.1 pg mL−1) and IFN‐γ (10.3–0.21.5 pg mL−1) in the mouse serum. Cecal microbial analysis reveals that BGF increases Bacteroidota and Verrucomicrobiota and decreases Actinobacteria and Bacillota at the phylum level in mice. At the genus level, BGF significantly increases the abundance of Fusimonas (250 mg kg−1 BW−1 day−1), Bacteroides (125 and 250 mg kg−1 BW−1 day−1), and Akkermansia (125 mg kg−1 BW−1 day−1) and decreases that of Bifidobacterium (62.5 and 250 mg kg−1 BW−1 day−1) and Limosilactobacillus (125 and 250 mg kg−1 BW−1 day−1).ConclusionThis study provides the first evidence of BGF's ability to modulate the intestinal immune system and gut microbiota, supporting its potential as a novel functional material to enhance gut immunity.
Sulforaphane Improves Liver Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Circadian Rhythm Disorder Mice Models Fed With High‐Fat Diets
Authors: He Canxia , Chen Mengyuan , Jiang Xiaoxin , Ren Jingyi , Ganapathiraju Srikar Varma , Lei Peng , Yang Haitao , Pannu Prabh Roohan , Zhao Yun , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: October 2024

ScopeThis study aims to investigate the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on hepatic metabolism and gut microbiota in a shifted circadian rhythm (CR) mouse model fed with a high‐fat diet (HFD).Methods and resultsA shifted CR mouse model with HFD is constructed. Biochemical analyses are used to evaluate the effects of SFN on lipid accumulation and liver function. Targeted metabolomics is used for liver metabolites. Results from hematoxylin and eosin staining and Oil Red O staining show that SFN improves liver lipid accumulation and intestinal inflammatory damage in shifted CR treatment with HFD. The concentrations of amino acid metabolites are increased, and the levels of bile acid metabolites are significantly decreased by SFN treatment. Results from 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicate that SFN modulates gut microbiota, particularly by enhancing beneficial bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, Alistipes, Akkermansia, and Eubacteriaum coprostanoligenes. Correlation analysis confirms a close relationship between intestinal microbiota and hepatic metabolites. SFN significantly regulates CR protein expression in the hypothalamus and liver tissues.ConclusionSFN alleviates hepatic metabolic disorder and gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by CR disruption under a high‐fat diet in a mouse model, indicating the potential of SFN in regulating CR disruption.
Modulation performance of terahertz waves by titanium disulfide nanosheets towards 6G
Authors: Wang Jintao , Ye Chuanxiang , Zhong Wenji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe TiS2 compound has attracted considerable attention among researchers in the fields of energy storage and conversion, as well as semiconductor materials. This is due to its remarkable capability to incorporate various elements into its van der Waals gap, as well as its potential to adjust the carrier concentration within the material to optimize its electrically relevant properties. In our study, we employed a terahertz (THz) time‐domain spectroscopy system to measure the spectra of TiS2 within the THz frequency range. Through this analysis, we examined the optical parameters, such as transmittance and refractive index, of the TiS2 samples. Additionally, we conducted optical pumping correlation experiments using THz detection technology to investigate the optical pumping effects on TiS2. By analyzing the THz energy transmission process in different states, we were able to calculate and fit the carrier recombination time. The findings of our research hold significant implications for the advancement of THz devices operating in the 6G frequency band.