bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The draft genome of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrodictium delaneyi strain hulk, an iron and nitrate reducer, reveals the capacity for sulfate reduction
Authors: Demey Lucas M. , Miller Caitlin R. , Manzella Michael P , Spurbeck Rachel R. , Sandhu Sukhinder K. , Reguera Gemma , Kashefi Kazem 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPyrodictium delaneyi strain Hulk is a newly sequenced strain isolated from chimney samples collected from the Hulk sulfide mound on the main Endeavour Segment of the Juan de Fuca Ridge (47.9501 latitude, −129.0970 longitude, depth 2200 m) in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. The draft genome of strain Hulk shared 99.77% similarity with the complete genome of the type strain Su06T, which shares with strain Hulk the ability to reduce iron and nitrate for respiration. The annotation of the genome of strain Hulk identified genes for the reduction of several sulfur-containing electron acceptors, an unsuspected respiratory capability in this species that was experimentally confirmed for strain Hulk. This makes P. delaneyi strain Hulk the first hyperthermophilic archaeon known to gain energy for growth by reduction of iron, nitrate, and sulfur-containing electron acceptors. Here we present the most notable features of the genome of P. delaneyi strain Hulk and identify genes encoding proteins critical to its respiratory versatility at high temperatures. The description presented here corresponds to a draft genome sequence containing 2,042,801 bp in 9 contigs, 2019 protein-coding genes, 53 RNA genes, and 1365 hypothetical genes.
The influence of sex steroid hormones on the response to trauma and burn injury
Authors: Al-Tarrah K , Moiemen N , Lord JM 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTrauma and related sequelae result in disturbance of homeostatic mechanisms frequently leading to cellular dysfunction and ultimately organ and system failure. Regardless of the type and severity of injury, gender dimorphism in outcomes following trauma have been reported, with females having lower mortality than males, suggesting that sex steroid hormones (SSH) play an important role in the response of body systems to trauma. In addition, several clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated the effects of SSH on the clinical course and outcomes following injury. Animal studies have reported the ability of SSH to modulate immune, inflammatory, metabolic and organ responses following traumatic injury. This indicates that homeostatic mechanisms, via direct and indirect pathways, can be maintained by SSH at local and systemic levels and hence result in more favourable prognosis. Here, we discuss the role and mechanisms by which SSH modulates the response of the body to injury by maintaining various processes and organ functions. Such properties of sex hormones represent potential novel therapeutic strategies and further our understanding of current therapies used following injury such as oxandrolone in burn-injured patients.
Linking the environment, DAF-7/TGFβ signaling and LAG-2/DSL ligand expression in the germline stem cell niche
Authors: Pekar Olga , Ow Maria C. , Hui Kailyn Y. , Noyes Marcus B. , Hall Sarah E. , Hubbard E. Jane Albert 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
The developmental accumulation of proliferative germ cells in the C. elegans hermaphrodite is sensitive to the organismal environment. Previously, we found that the TGFβ signaling pathway links the environment and proliferative germ cell accumulation. Neuronal DAF-7/TGFβ causes a DAF-1/TGFβR signaling cascade in the gonadal distal tip cell (DTC), the germline stem cell niche, where it negatively regulates a DAF-3 SMAD and DAF-5 Sno-Ski. LAG-2, a founding DSL ligand family member, is produced in the DTC and activates the GLP-1/Notch receptor on adjacent germ cells to maintain germline stem cell fate. Here, we show that DAF-7/TGFβ signaling promotes expression of lag-2 in the DTC in a daf-3-dependent manner. Using ChIP and one-hybrid assays, we find evidence for direct interaction between DAF-3 and the lag-2 promoter. We further identify a 25 bp DAF-3 binding element required for the DTC lag-2 reporter response to the environment and to DAF-7/TGFβ signaling. Our results implicate DAF-3 repressor complex activity as a key molecular mechanism whereby the environment influences DSL ligand expression in the niche to modulate developmental expansion of the germline stem cell pool.
Wilms' tumour 1 (WT1) in development, homeostasis and disease
Authors: Hastie Nicholas D. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
The study of genes mutated in human disease often leads to new insights into biology as well as disease mechanisms. One such gene is Wilms’ tumour 1 (WT1), which plays multiple roles in development, tissue homeostasis and disease. In this Primer, I summarise how this multifaceted gene functions in various mammalian tissues and organs, including the kidney, gonads, heart and nervous system. This is followed by a discussion of our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which WT1 and its two major isoforms regulate these processes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
The Drosophila LC8 homolog cut up specifies the axonal transport of proteasomes
Authors: Kreko-Pierce Tabita , Eaton Benjamin A. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
Because of their functional polarity and elongated morphologies, microtubule-based transport of proteins and organelles is critical for normal neuronal function. The proteasome is required throughout the neuron for the highly regulated degradation of a broad set of protein targets whose functions underlie key physiological responses, including synaptic plasticity and axonal degeneration. Molecularly, the relationship between proteasome transport and the transport of the targets of proteasomes is unclear. The dynein motor complex is required for the microtubule-based motility of numerous proteins and organelles in neurons. Here, we demonstrate that microtubule-based transport of proteasomes within the neuron in Drosophila utilizes a different dynein light chain to that used by synaptic proteins. Live imaging of proteasomes and synaptic vesicle proteins in axons and synapses finds that these cargoes traffic independently, and that proteasomes exhibit significantly reduced retrograde transport velocities compared to those of synaptic vesicle proteins. Genetic and biochemical analyses reveals that the Drosophila homolog of the LC8 dynein light chains (mammalian DYNLL1 and DYNLL2), called Cut up, binds proteasomes and functions specifically during their transport. These data support the model that Cut up functions to specify the dynein-mediated transport of neuronal proteasomes.
‘Till They See a Man in Spite of His Clothes’: Twentieth-century media and Raymond Duncan
Authors: Campbell Megan Martinelli 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Raymond Duncan (1874–1966) entered the twentieth century clothed in a Greekinspired dress influenced by the past, yet strikingly modern for his time. Duncan, a leader at his own self-sufficient art colonies in Paris and Nice, spent 62 years of his life dressed in the daily uniform of hand-woven tunics and leather sandals that he and his followers created for themselves. Duncan first adopted his social and gender-defying philhellenic costume in 1903, and coverage of Duncan and his companions’ dress in newspapers and other media outlets continued throughout his lifetime. This article explores Duncan’s defiance of social conventions via his clothing, and the evolving attitudes of the twentieth-century mindset, from scandalized shock at Duncan’s trouser-less appearance during the 1910s to bemused curiosity from the 1920s onwards. As a male artist travelling through cultural centres such as Paris, London, Berlin and New York during the twentieth century, the attention afforded by the western press to Duncan’s ‘draperies’, long hair and sandalled feet contributed to the artist’s notoriety and success, and revealed a gradually evolving social interpretation of bohemian dress, which, by the time of Duncan’s death in the late 1960s, approached understanding and acceptance.
Gender fluidity in men’s fashion: From Shakespeare’s modern English to the new millennium
Authors: Jordan Patti 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This study explores how art, performance and the fluid construction of gender identities have significantly influenced men’s fashion over the trajectories of both time and place. Comparisons are made to the similarities and differences between everyday dress, and dress for performance. Studies of particular epochs indicate noteworthy changes in men’s fashion, such as sixteenth-century dress and costume in Shakespearean England, the nineteenth-century Aesthetic Movement, twentiethcentury counterculture and the new millennium. Emphasis is placed on the transformative development of New English, and how this linguistic trend, as well as the increase in world travel, may have augmented changes in men’s dress. Western fascination with eastern influences and emerging concepts of exotic dress during the nineteenth-century Aesthetic Movement to the present are noted. Other pivotal moments, such as the development of twentieth-century fashion subcultures, mirror specific contemporary shifts in men’s attitudes towards the construction of gender identity and fashion influence. Cross-analysis is introduced through visual and verbal linkages as well as diverse art genres so as to further examine men’s styling at decisive points in fashion history.
Reviews
Authors: Roberts Graham H. , Filippello Roberto , Volpert Megan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Fashion and Masculinity In Renaissance Florence, Elizabeth Currie (2016) London and New York: Bloomsbury, xvi + 202 pp., 40 b&w illustrations, ISBN: 9781474249768, h/bk, £85.00
Reigning Men: Fashion in Menswear 1715–2015, Sharon Sadako Takeda, Kaye Durland Spilker, Clarissa Esguerra, Peter Mcneil and Tim Blanks (2016) Munich, London and New York: Los Angeles County Museum of Art and Prestel Verlag, 272 pp., ISBN: 3791355201, h/bk, £22.75
Men and Style: Essays, Interviews, and Considerations, David Coggins (2016) New York: Abrams, 272 pp., ISBN: 9781419722325, h/bk, $30.00
Analytical evaluation of the performances of Diazyme and BRAHMS procalcitonin applied to Roche Cobas in comparison with BRAHMS PCT-sensitive Kryptor
Authors: Ceriotti Ferruccio , Marino Irene , Motta Andrea , Carobene Anna 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background:
Procalcitonin (PCT) is a recognized marker of sepsis, and its use is expanding to antibiotic stewardship. The aim of this study was the evaluation of two methods: Diazyme PCT on Roche Cobas c702 (PCT-D) and BRAHMS PCT on Roche Cobas e602 analyzers (PCT-BR) in comparison with BRAHMS PCT-sensitive Kryptor (PCT-BK).

Methods:
Imprecision was assessed at six critical concentrations following the CLSI EP5-A3; limits of detection (LoDs) were checked according to CLSI EP17-A2; linearity was tested, and method comparison was performed on 239 serum samples.

Results:
Overall CVs ranged from 12.58% to 5.97% for PCT-D, from 3.94% to 1.70% for PCT-BR and from 6.57% to 1.90% for PCT-BK. LoDs were 0.143 μg/L, 0.014 μg/L, 0.040 μg/L for PCT-D, PCT-BR and PCT-BK, respectively. The functional assay sensitivity was 0.24 μg/L for PCT-D, 0.045 μg/L for PCT-BK and <0.035 μg/L for PCT-BR. PCT-BR was linear up to 68.7 μg/L, PCT-BK up to 43 μg/L and PCT-D up to 27.2 μg/L. Method comparison: PCT-D=0.6543 PCT-BK+0.014, r=0.8463 (but 0.44 if calculated on 0–5 μg/L range); PCT-BR=0.9125 PCT-BK+0.021, r=0.9917. Cohen’s κ ranged from 45.2% at 0.25 μg/L to 57.0% at 2.00 μg/L between PCT-D and PCT-BK, whereas it ranged from 89% to 81.3% between PCT-BR and PCT-BK.

Conclusions:
The PCT-D performances were significantly different from those of PCT-BR and PCT-BK regarding sensitivity, precision, linearity and agreement at clinical cutoffs. For some patients with serial testing, significantly deviating results were obtained compared to reference. In contrast to Roche PCT assay, it does not seem feasible to use BRAHMS PCT cutoffs for the Diazyme test.
Oxidation of PTH: in vivo feature or effect of preanalytical conditions?
Authors: Ursem Stan R. , Vervloet Marc G. , Hillebrand Jacquelien J.G. , de Jongh Renate T. , Heijboer Annemieke C. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background:
Posttranslational oxidation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) modifies its biological activity. Measurement of non-oxidized PTH (n-oxPTH) could be an improvement in assessing PTH status, as intact PTH may rather reflect oxidative stress. However, it is debated whether oxidation of PTH occurs in vivo, or whether it is mainly an in vitro artifact. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different preanalytical conditions on the oxidation of PTH within a wide range of plasma PTH concentrations and oxidation propensity.

Methods:
n-oxPTH was separated from its oxidized form using an affinity column capturing the oxidized PTH. n-oxPTH was measured in eluate using commercially available PTH assays. The study included ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plasma samples from 17 patients undergoing hemodialysis and 32 healthy subjects. We determined effects of storage temperature, time until centrifugation and freeze-thaw cycles. PTH and n-oxPTH concentrations were measured in each sample using six different immunoassays.

Results:
n-oxPTH concentrations remained unchanged up to 180 min until centrifugation, two freeze-thaw cycles or after storage at −20°C or −80°C up to 79 days. Various methods for n-oxPTH and PTH measurements yielded highly comparable results, apart from standardization differences between various PTH and n-oxPTH assays.

Conclusions:
n-oxPTH concentrations were stable under our study conditions, indicating negligible ex vivo oxidation of PTH. In addition, PTH immunoassays have a different sensitivity for n-oxPTH than for total PTH. For this reason, the n-oxPTH/total PTH ratio cannot be used in absence of a n-oxPTH standard. Clinical implications of determining n-oxPTH require additional study.
Period relations for cusp forms of GSp4
Authors: Grobner Harald , Sebastian Ronnie 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Let F be a totally real number field and let π be a cuspidal
automorphic representation of

GSp
4

⁢

(

𝔸
F

)

{\mathrm{GSp_{4}}(\mathbb{A}_{F})}

, which contributes irreducibly
to coherent cohomology. If π has a Bessel model, we may attach a period

p
⁢

(
π
)

{p(\pi)}

to this datum. In the present paper, which is Part I in a series of
two, we establish a relation of these Bessel periods

p
⁢

(
π
)

{p(\pi)}

and all of
their twists

p
⁢

(

π
⊗
ξ

)

{p(\pi\otimes\xi)}

under arbitrary algebraic Hecke characters
ξ. In the appendix, we show that

(
𝔤
,
K
)

{(\mathfrak{g},K)}

-cohomological cusp forms of

GSp
4

⁢

(

𝔸
F

)

{\mathrm{GSp_{4}}(\mathbb{A}_{F})}

all qualify to be of the above type – providing a large source of examples.
We expect that these period relations for

GSp
4

⁢

(

𝔸
F

)

{\mathrm{GSp_{4}}(\mathbb{A}_{F})}

will allow a
conceptual, fine treatment of rationality relations of special values
of the spin L-function, which we hope to report on in Part II of this paper.
Protocol Processing for 100 Gbit/s and Beyond – A Soft Real-Time Approach in Hardware and Software
Authors: Büchner Steffen , Lopacinski Lukasz , Kraemer Rolf , Nolte Jörg 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
100 Gbit/s wireless communication protocol processing stresses all parts of a communication system until the outermost. The efficient use of upcoming 100 Gbit/s and beyond transmission technology requires the rethinking of the way protocols are processed by the communication endpoints. This paper summarizes the achievements of the project End2End100. We will present a comprehensive soft real-time stream processing approach that allows the protocol designer to develop, analyze, and plan scalable protocols for ultra high data rates of 100 Gbit/s and beyond. Furthermore, we will present an ultra-low power, adaptable, and massively parallelized FEC (Forward Error Correction) scheme that detects and corrects bit errors at line rate with an energy consumption between 1 pJ/bit and 13 pJ/bit. The evaluation results discussed in this publication show that our comprehensive approach allows end-to-end communication with a very low protocol processing overhead.
Diagnosis and treatment of primary Sjogren’s syndrome: an update
Authors: Chu Chiu Sum , Mok Chi Chiu 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Primary Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the exocrine glands, resulting in dryness of the mucosal membranes, particularly of the eyes and mouth. Considerable advance has been made for the classification and treatment of primary SS in the past few years. This article reviews the recent classification criteria for primary SS and briefly discusses the conventional and novel therapies of the disease.
A Comparison of Control Variate Methods for Pricing Interest Rate Derivatives in the LIBOR Market Model
Authors: Xu Chenglong , Guan Wei , Liang Yijuan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper studies the control variate method for pricing interest rate derivatives driven by the LIBOR market model. Several control variates are constructed based on distinctive approximations for the LIBOR market model. Numerical results show the great efficiency of our methods. The idea in this paper can also be extended to price other interest rate derivatives under the LIBOR market model, such asSwaptions, Caps, some path dependent interest rate derivatives, and so forth.
Detecting the Structural Breaks in GARCH Models Based on Bayesian Method: The Case of China Share Index Rate of Return
Authors: Li Qiang , Wang Liming , Qiu Fei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the detection for structural breaks in GARCH models based on Bayesian method. The authors firstly introduce the background and significance of this problem, then present the current situation and recent developments in this field. Because the rates of return have heavy tails, the authors present GARCH models. In this paper, the authors innovatively suppose that the error term follows standard studenttdistribution with degree of freedomvinstead of standard normal distribution. The authors give the specific description of estimation using Bayesian method, including a single structural break situation and multiple structural breaks situation when the number of breaks is unknown. In an application, the authors empirically research the volatility of stock market in China. The authors estimate GARCH models with structural breaks for the Shanghai Α-share index and Shenzhen Α-share index rate of return over the period of January 4, 2000–September 30, 2011. The authors explain the breaks together with the nearby big political and economic events. Empirical results show that the detecting method used in this paper is feasible.
Human Rights for Women in Liberia (and West Africa): Integrating Formal and Informal Rule of Law Reforms through the Carter Center’s Community Justice Advisor Project
Authors: Zwier Paul J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article will first describe the problem of Sexual and Gender-based Violence (SGBV) in Liberia, its history to views of its current status, and the debate about its cause. It will discuss the problems that result through trying to address the problem of SGBV through both formal and informal rule of law development strategies, including both traditional and customary dispute resolution processes within the Liberian setting. It will also describe the reasoning behind The Carter Center (TCC’s) support of traditional and community-based projects, including its use of NGO social science research in helping it monitor the progress being made in fighting SGBV. It will be a tale of discouragement as assessment showed the continuing prevalence of SGBV. Next the paper will discuss what led TCC to develop its Community Justice Advisor (CJA) Project. It will describe the project and its implementation. Finally it will look at the research attempts to measure CJA’s success and predict whether funding of additional CJAs will likely be effective in combating SGBV. It will conclude by making some modest observations about whether CJAs might work elsewhere in Africa, or in the developing world, and the promise and dangers of using individual paralegals as a major tool in combating SGBV.
Preparation of graphene and its application in polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene composites
Authors: Li Yueshu , Wang Aiqing , Meng Lingli , Jiang Nannan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Graphene was prepared by the reduction of graphene oxide through chemical, thermal, and microwave methods. The morphology and structure of graphene obtained using different reduction processes have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectra. Polycarbonate/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers were modified with the addition of the as-prepared graphene. Electrical resistivity and tensile strength as well as thermal stability of composites have been investigated. The results reveal that graphene from chemical reduction is well compatible with composites and suitable for the enhancement of thermal stability. Graphene prepared from thermal reduction and microwave reduction are applicable for mechanical reinforcement and antistatic fields, respectively.
Dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced (DSC) MRI perfusion and plasma cytokine levels in patients after tonic-clonic seizures
Authors: Filipovic Tatjana , Popovic Katarina Surlan , Ihan Alojz , Vodusek David Bozidar 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory events in brain parenchyma and glial tissue are involved in epileptogenesis. Blood concentration of cytokines is shown to be elevated after tonic-clonic seizures. As a result of inflammation, blood-brain barrier leakage occurs. This can be documented by imaging techniques, such is dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced (DSC) MRI perfusion. Our aim was to check for postictal brain inflammation by studying DSC MRI perfusion and plasma level of cytokines. We looked for correlations between number and type of introducing seizures, postictal plasma level of cytokines and parameters of DSC MRI perfusion. Furthermore, we looked for correlation of those parameters and course of the disease over one year follow up.

Patients and methods
We prospectively enrolled 30 patients, 8–24 hours after single or repeated tonic-clonic seizures.

Results
25 of them had normal perfusion parameters, while 5 had hyperperfusion. Patients with hyperperfusion were tested again, 3 months later. Two of 5 had hyperperfusion also on control measurements. Number of index seizures negatively correlated with concentration of proinflammatory cytokines IL-10, IFN-ϒ and TNF-α in a whole cohort. In patients with hyperperfusion, there were significantly lower concentrations of antiinflammatory cytokine IL-4 and higher concentrations of proinflammatory TNF-a.

Conclusions
Long lasting blood- brain barrier disruption may be crucial for epileptogenesis in selected patients.
Concepts of narrative, founding violence, and multiculturalism in the Americas: Greimas, Girard, and Kymlicka
Authors: Imbert Patrick 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Greimas’s conception of narrative is based on a causality linked to basic paradigms establishing the deep meaning of a story; Girard’s conception of narrative is rooted in a universal mimetic desire which leads the “lynchers” to justify exclusion by producing mythical narratives demonstrating that the excluded was evil; Kymlicka’s perspective on cultural relationships is based on the necessity to create a socio-political framework helping people to cooperate in order to invent a better world. These three important thinkers analyze stories people tell themselves or believe in in order to organize a controlled and safer way of life for themselves. We compare the theoretical perspectives of these three thinkers in order to understand in what way contemporary writers of the Americas structure their narratives and explore encounters while aiming at fostering a vision of the world oriented towards multi and transculturalism.