bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Out-of-plane coordination of iridium single atoms with organic molecules and cobalt–iron hydroxides to boost oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Zhao Jie , Guo Yue , Zhang Zhiqi , Zhang Xilin , Ji Qianqian , Zhang Hua , Song Zhaoqi , Liu Dongqing , Zeng Jianrong , Chuang Chenghao , Zhang Erhuan , Wang Yuhao , Hu Guangzhi , Mushtaq Muhammad Asim , Raza Waseem , Cai Xingke , Ciucci Francesco 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Advancements in single-atom-based catalysts are crucial for enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance while reducing precious metal usage. A comprehensive understanding of underlying mechanisms will expedite this progress further. Here we report Ir single atoms coordinated out-of-plane with dimethylimidazole (MI) on CoFe hydroxide (Ir1/(Co,Fe)-OH/MI). This Ir1/(Co,Fe)-OH/MI catalyst, which was prepared using a simple immersion method, delivers ultralow overpotentials of 179 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and 257 mV at 600 mA cm−2 as well as an ultra-small Tafel slope of 24 mV dec−1. Furthermore, Ir1/(Co,Fe)-OH/MI has a total mass activity exceeding that of commercial IrO2 by a factor of 58.4. Ab initio simulations indicate that the coordination of MI leads to electron redistribution around the Ir sites. This causes a positive shift in the d-band centre at adjacent Ir and Co sites, facilitating an optimal energy pathway for OER.
Dynamical clustering and wetting phenomena in inertial active matter
Authors: Caprini Lorenzo , Breoni Davide , Ldov Anton , Scholz Christian , Löwen Hartmut 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDynamical clustering is a key feature of active matter systems composed of self-propelled agents that convert environmental energy into mechanical motion. At the micron scale, where overdamped dynamics dominate, particles with opposite motility can obstruct each other’s movement, leading to transient dynamical arrest. This arrest can promote cluster formation and motility-induced phase separation. However, in macroscopic agents, where inertia plays a significant role, clustering is heavily influenced by bounce-back effects during collisions, which can impede cluster growth. Here we present an experiment based on active granular particles, in which inertia can be systematically tuned by changing the shaker frequency. As a result, a set of phenomena driven and controlled by inertia emerges. Before the suppression of clustering, inertia induces a transition in the cluster’s inner structure. For small inertia, clusters are characterized by the crystalline order typical of overdamped particles, while for large inertia clusters with liquid-like order are observed. In addition, in contrast to microswimmers, where active particles wet the boundary by primarily forming clusters attached to the container walls, in an underdamped inertial active system, walls do not favor cluster formation and effectively annihilate motility-induced wetting phenomena. As a consequence, inertia suppresses cluster nucleation at the system boundaries.
PRC2-EZH1 contributes to circadian gene expression by orchestrating chromatin states and RNA polymerase II complex stability
Authors: Liu Peng , Nadeef Seba , Serag Maged F , Paytuví-Gallart Andreu , Abadi Maram , Della Valle Francesco , Radío Santiago , Roda Xènia , Dilmé Capó Jaïr , Adroub Sabir , Hosny El Said Nadine , Fallatah Bodor , Celii Mirko , Messa Gian Marco , Wang Mengge , Li Mo , Tognini Paola , Aguilar-Arnal Lorena , Habuchi Satoshi , Masri Selma , Sassone-Corsi Paolo , Orlando Valerio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCircadian rhythmicity of gene expression is a conserved feature of cell physiology. This involves fine-tuning between transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms and strongly depends on the metabolic state of the cell. Together these processes guarantee an adaptive plasticity of tissue-specific genetic programs. However, it is unclear how the epigenome and RNA Pol II rhythmicity are integrated. Here we show that the PcG protein EZH1 has a gateway bridging function in postmitotic skeletal muscle cells. On the one hand, the circadian clock master regulator BMAL1 directly controls oscillatory behavior and periodic assembly of core components of the PRC2–EZH1 complex. On the other hand, EZH1 is essential for circadian gene expression at alternate Zeitgeber times, through stabilization of RNA Polymerase II preinitiation complexes, thereby controlling nascent transcription. Collectively, our data show that PRC2–EZH1 regulates circadian transcription both negatively and positively by modulating chromatin states and basal transcription complex stability.
BMP suppresses Wnt signaling via the Bcl11b-regulated NuRD complex to maintain intestinal stem cells
Authors: Li Yehua , Wang Xiaodan , Huang Meimei , Wang Xu , Li Chunlin , Li Siqi , Tang Yuhui , Yu Shicheng , Wang Yalong , Song Wanglu , Wu Wei , Liu Yuan , Chen Ye-Guang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLgr5+ intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are crucial for the intestinal epithelium renewal and regeneration after injury. However, the mechanism underlying the interplay between Wnt and BMP signaling in this process is not fully understood. Here we report that Bcl11b, which is downregulated by BMP signaling, enhances Wnt signaling to maintain Lgr5+ ISCs and thus promotes the regeneration of the intestinal epithelium upon injury. Loss of Bcl11b function leads to a significant decrease of Lgr5+ ISCs in both intestinal crypts and cultured organoids. Mechanistically, BMP suppresses the expression of Bcl11b, which can positively regulate Wnt target genes by inhibiting the function of the Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase (NuRD) complex and facilitating the β-catenin-TCF4 interaction. Bcl11b can also promote intestinal epithelium repair after injuries elicited by both irradiation and DSS-induced inflammation. Furthermore, Bcl11b deletion prevents proliferation and tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer cells. Together, our findings suggest that BMP suppresses Wnt signaling via Bcl11b regulation, thus balancing homeostasis and regeneration in the intestinal epithelium.
Placental small extracellular vesicles from normal pregnancy and gestational diabetes increase insulin gene transcription and content in β cells
Authors: Seedat Faheem , Kandzija Neva , Ellis Michael J. , Jiang Shuhan , Sarbalina Asselzhan , Bancroft James , Drydale Edward , Hester Svenja S. , Fischer Roman , Wade Alisha N. , Stefana M. Irina , Todd John A. , Vatish Manu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Insulin secretion increases progressively during pregnancy to maintain normal maternal blood glucose levels. The placenta plays a crucial role in this process by releasing hormones and extracellular vesicles into the maternal circulation, which drive significant changes in pregnancy physiology. Placental extracellular vesicles, which are detectable in the plasma of pregnant women, have been shown to signal peripheral tissues and contribute to pregnancy-related conditions. While studies using murine models have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles can modulate insulin secretion in pancreatic islets, it remains unclear whether these effects translate to human biology. Understanding how placental signals enhance insulin synthesis and secretion from β cells could be pivotal in developing new therapies for diabetes. In our study, we isolated placental small extracellular vesicles from human placentae and utilised the human β cell line, EndoC-βH3, to investigate their effects on β-cell function in vitro. Our results indicate that human β cells internalise placental small extracellular vesicles, leading to enhanced insulin gene expression and increased insulin content within the β cells. Moreover, these vesicles up-regulated the expression of Annexin A1, a protein known to increase insulin content. This up-regulation of Annexin A1 holds promise as a potential mechanism by which placental small extracellular vesicles enhance insulin biosynthesis.
ExoLyn: A golden mean approach to multispecies cloud modeling in atmospheric retrieval
Authors: Huang Helong , Ormel Chris W. , Min Michiel 
Published: October 2024

Context. Clouds are ubiquitous in exoplanets’ atmospheres and play an important role in setting the opacity and chemical inventory of the atmosphere. Understanding clouds is a critical step in interpreting exoplanets’ spectroscopic data.
Aims. The aim is to model the multispecies nature of clouds in atmospheric retrieval studies. To this end, we developed ExoLyn – a 1D cloud model that balances physical consistency with computational efficiency.
Methods. ExoLyn solves the transport equation of cloud particles and vapor under cloud condensation rates that are self-consistently calculated from thermodynamics. Exolyn is a standalone, open source package capable of being combined with optool to calculate solid opacities and with petitRADTRANS to generate transmission or emission spectra.
Results. With ExoLyn we find that the compositional structure of clouds in hot Jupiter planets’ atmospheres is layered with a cloud dominated by magnesiumsilicates on top of an iron cloud. This finding is consistent with more complex cloud formation models but can be obtained with ExoLyn in only a few seconds. The composition of the cloud particles can be constrained from the spectrum, for example, MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4 components give rise to an absorption feature at 8–10 μm. We investigate the dependence of the cloud structure on the bulk elemental composition of the planet and find that SiO2-dominated clouds form on metal-rich planets and Fe clouds with a strong extinction effect form on C-rich planets.
Conclusions. Designed toward maximum flexibility, ExoLyn can also be used in retrieval analysis of sub-Neptunes and self-luminous planets. The efficiency of ExoLyn opens the possibility of joint retrieval of exoplanets’ gas and cloud components.
Reconciling concentration to virial mass relations
Authors: Leier Dominik , Ferreras Ignacio , Negri Andrea , Saha Prasenjit 
Published: October 2024

Context. The concentration-virial mass (c-M) relation is a fundamental scaling relation within the standard cold dark matter (ΛCDM) framework well established in numerical simulations. However, observational constraints of this relation are hampered by the difficulty of characterising the properties of dark matter haloes. Recent comparisons between simulations and observations have suggested a systematic difference of the c-M relation, with higher concentrations in the latter.
Aims. In this work, we undertake detailed comparisons between simulated galaxies and observations of a sample of strong-lensing galaxies.
Methods. We explore several factors of the comparison with strong gravitational lensing constraints, including the choice of the generic dark matter density profile, the effect of radial resolution, the reconstruction limits of observed versus simulated mass profiles, and the role of the initial mass function in the derivation of the dark matter parameters. Furthermore, we show the dependence of the c-M relation on reconstruction and model errors through a detailed comparison of real and simulated gravitational lensing systems.
Results. An effective reconciliation of simulated and observed c-M relations can be achieved if one considers less strict assumptions on the dark matter profile, for example, by changing the slope of a generic NFW profile or focusing on rather extreme combinations of stellar-to-dark matter distributions. A minor effect is inherent to the applied method: fits to the NFW profile on a less well-constrained inner mass profile yield slightly higher concentrations and lower virial masses.
Compact ellipticals in the Antlia cluster of galaxies
Authors: Pablo Caso Juan , Vega Neme Luis , De Bórtoli Bruno J. , Bassino Lilia P. , Richtler Tom , Smith Castelli Analía 
Published: October 2024

Context. Compact ellipticals (cEs) are rare objects in the local Universe, but relevant for the evolution of galaxies. Their origin is not completely understood, with evidence equally suggesting that they are relics of early epochs, and remnants of tidal disruptions.
Aims. This article aims to characterise two cEs, members of the nearby Antlia cluster, providing insights into the formation channels of cEs residing in high-density environments.
Methods. This dataset consists of archival ACS/HST images and Gemini/GMOS slit spectra. The isophotal analysis of the cEs was compared with their kinematics and stellar population synthesis. The results were also compared with a sample of cEs and ‘relic’ galaxies from the literature, to put them into context.
Results. Their characterisations highlight clear differences between the two cEs. Although the stellar populations for both cEs are mainly old, with mass-weighted ages above 10 Gyr, FS90 110, the most massive one, has a minor contribution from an intermediate-age population. Besides, it presents rotational evidence, a remarkably bright nucleus for its luminosity, and a clear dichotomy between the inner and outer components. It is probably the remnant of a low-mass disc galaxy that has been tidally disrupted by the close massive elliptical NGC 3258. On the contrary, FS90 192 does not present evidence for either rotation or discy isophotes, and its population synthesis leads to a stellar population with ages above 12 Gyr. It is probably a low-mass analogue to ‘relic’ galaxies.
Transtheoretisches Therapeuten Training erklärt am Beispiel des
Allianz-Fokussierten Trainings
Authors: Babl Anna 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungObwohl die meisten Psychotherapeuten einen integrativen und prozessorientierten
Ansatz verfolgen, sind transtheoretische Ansätze in der Psychotherapieausbildung
selten. Um angehende Therapeuten besser auf die Komplexität der Praxis
vorzubereiten, bedarf es eines solchen Ansatzes. Ein vielversprechender Weg ist
die Berücksichtigung von Änderungsprinzipien, die über verschiedene
Therapieschulen hinweg gelten. Über das Änderungsprinzip der therapeutischen
Allianz sind sich die Therapieschulen am meisten einig. Im Folgenden wird daher
ein Allianz-Fokussiertes Training vorgestellt, bei dem Therapeuten lernen Brüche
in der Allianz zu erkennen und mit Strategien zur Resolution darauf zu
reagieren. Gegenwärtige Lehrmethoden wie Rollenspiele und Supervision haben ihre
Grenzen, da sie nur posteriori und auf einen kleinen Teil der Fälle angewandt
werden können. Ein zukunftsweisender Ansatz könnte daher ein online-Training
sein, das Änderungsprinzipien wie die Allianz und Marker für Handlungsbedarf
integriert, bewährte Methoden des gezielten Übens und Expertentrainings nutzt
und das Potential der Technologie ausschöpft.
Is Dorso-Volar Kinesiotape Added to the Home Exercise Program
Effective in the Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome? Randomized Controlled
Electrodiagnostic Study
Authors: Zincir Ercin Dilek Ozge , Ozlu Aysun , Cihan Emine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective We aimed to compare the short- and medium-term efficacy of
dorso-volar kinesiotape (KT) added to home exercises (HE) with sham-KT and HE
alone in the treatment of mild or moderate carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in terms
of pain, symptom severity, function, gripping strength, and electrophysiological
parameters.
Materials and Methods A total of 120 patients (99 females, 21 males) were
divided into three groups dorso-volar KT and HE (n=40), sham-KT and HE (n=40),
and HE (n=40). Pain (The visual analog scale [VAS]), symptom severity (Boston
symptom severity scale [SSS]), functional status (Boston functional status scale
[FSS]), nerve conduction study (NCS), hand, finger muscle strength were
evaluated pretreatment, at the end of treatment (4th week), and in the third
month posttreatment.
Results There were statistically significant improvements in VAS
(p<0.001), Boston SSS (except HE group) (p<0.001), and Boston FSS
(p<0.001) in all groups posttreatment compared to pretreatment, and more in
the dorso-volar KT group than pretreatment and the posivite improvement
continued at a decreasing rate in the third month posttreatment. At the end of
treatment the dorso-volar KT group showed statistically significant improvement
in Boston SSS (p<0.001, p<0.001) and Boston FSS (p<0.001, p<0.001)
compared to the sham-KT and HE groups.
Conclusions The combination of dorso-volar KT and HE program makes a more
effective and durable contribution to the improvement of CTS symptom severity,
pain and functional status, as well as handgrip strength and NCS parameters
compared with sham-KT and HE program.
Aspiration after Critical Illness: Role of Endotracheal Tube, Tracheostomy, and Swallowing Disorders
Authors: Osorio Benedict , Krakora Rebecca , Epping Geraldine , Wright Drew , Rajwani Kapil 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSwallowing is a complex process that involves over 50 muscles and nerves and has two critical roles: passing food from the oral cavity through the pharynx and into the esophagus and preventing contents from entering the airway. If a patient's swallowing physiology or airway protective mechanisms are disturbed, the airways and the lungs have innate defense systems to protect against injury and infection. However, critically ill patients are more likely to develop dysphagia, which is an impairment or malfunction in any aspect of the swallowing mechanism, due to the numerous interventions they undergo. When airway reflexes fail, commonly in the presence of dysphagia, aspiration can occur, which is the entry of a fluid or solid below the level of the true vocal cords. If left unmanaged, dysphagia has been associated with aspiration pneumonia, pneumonitis, airway obstruction, delayed enteral nutrition, prolonged length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, reduced quality of life, and even death; in some cases, dysphagia is an independent risk factor for mortality. It is important to routinely assess dysphagia in all critically ill patients using a multimodal approach, including systematic assessments, scoring indices, trained specialists, and ICU nurses. Several interventions are crucial for preventing and managing dysphagia and its associated problems. Further research is necessary to help determine the best ways to prevent and manage pulmonary aspiration in critically ill patients. Several interventions are essential in preventing and managing dysphagia and the sequelae of swallowing dysfunction. Further research is needed to help elucidate the best way to avoid and manage pulmonary aspiration in critically ill patients.
Stereocontrolled Synthesis of 1,4-Dicarbonyls via [3,3]-Sulfonium Rearrangement and Application to the Synthesis of Heterocycles
Authors: G.-Simonian Nicolas , Spieß Philipp , Maulide Nuno , Kaiser Daniel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDue to an inherent polarity mismatch of the corresponding retrosynthetic synthons, 1,4-dicarbonyl synthesis through polar pathways requires a retrosynthetic rethink. While umpolung-based approaches exist, efficient control of both the absolute and relative configuration of newly formed stereogenic centres within this motif has long proven particularly challenging. In this Synpact article, we highlight our work on the stereodivergent synthesis of 1,4-dicarbonyl compounds through an unusual transformation that relies on vinyl sulfoxides and ynamides as reactants. This method allows stereoselective access to each and every one out of the four possible stereoisomers of a generic 1,4-dicarbonyl target in a process where enantio- and diastereoselectivity are ‘dialled into’ the vinyl sulfoxide partner. Recent studies show that the thus formed 1,4-dicarbonyls serve as excellent linchpins for structural diversification into highly substituted heterocycles, including those found in natural products.1	Introduction2	[3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Ynamides and Vinyl Sulfoxides under Acid Catalysis3	Cyclisation towards γ-Lactones and γ-Lactams4	Application in Total Synthesis5	Conclusion
One-Pot Microwave-Assisted Intramolecular Rearrangement of Pyranone Amide to Pyridone Ester
Authors: Sharon Ashoke , Mishra Uttam Kumar , Kumar Rajan , Jha Ashok Kumar , Bal Chandralata 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis investigation presents a novel, cost-effective approach for creating a 2-pyridone core substituted with an ester group through intramolecular rearrangement. This one-step transformation involves an amide-mediated intramolecular transformation of a pyranone to pyridone scaffold, followed by alcoholic-mediated ester formation, in 75–85% yield. Deuterated alcohol was used to confirm the esterification under alcoholic conditions. The reaction requires a nucleophile source from the solvent, which was observed by performing the reaction of three derivatives in CD3OD to obtain the desired carboxylate compounds, replacing -OR with -OCD3. All synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic analysis, and six selected compounds were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.
A Review of Celiac Disease and Its Implications on Fertility and Pregnancy
Authors: France Alexandra , Penmetsa Amulya 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCeliac disease is a systemic autoimmune disorder triggered by dietary gluten ingestion. The classic clinical presentation is characterized by diarrhea with malabsorption and weight loss; however, the spectrum of possible initial symptoms is broad. Affected individuals may be asymptomatic or may suffer from extraintestinal manifestations that can include metabolic bone disorders, thyroid dysfunction, neurologic manifestations, amenorrhea, or impaired fertility. Several studies have demonstrated an association between celiac disease and infertility and worsened pregnancy outcomes. Numerous possible mechanisms through which celiac disease could be associated with women's fertility have been proposed in the literature.
Preference of Tooth Extraction Over Root Canal Treatment among Patients Visiting Rural Health Centers—a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shetty Sankalpa , Kumari Deesha , Bhat Supriya , Abranches Sergio Atanazio Aurobindo Garcia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background Dental care decision-making is a multifaceted process influenced by various factors such as socioeconomic status, cultural beliefs, and access to healthcare resources. The research aims to elucidate the prevalence and determinants of the preference for tooth extraction over root canal treatment (RCT) in rural communities.
Methodology A structured self-administered questionnaire comprising 15 close-ended questions was formulated for the purpose of data collection for this cross-sectional survey and a sample size of 384 was estimated. Following a total enumeration sampling technique, the study was performed on individuals visiting the rural center aged over 18 years and persons who are willing to participate in the study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and subjected to multinomial logistic regression.
Results Among the participants, 33.1% had undergone RCT in the past and 63.5% had undergone extraction in the past with decay being the most common reason for seeking treatment. About 60.2% individuals preferred extraction and only 39.8% individuals preferred RCT wherein age, gender, and area of residence had a significant influence on the decision-making.
Conclusion Majority of the participants in the study preferred extraction over RCT. Understanding the dynamics driving patient preferences in rural health settings is crucial for tailoring effective oral health interventions. The findings of this study have implications for healthcare practitioners, policymakers, and public health initiatives, providing valuable insights to enhance dental care delivery and promote informed decision-making in rural communities.