bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Renewable Energy Systems: Integrating and Optimizing Flywheel and Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage Solutions
Authors: Elkholy Mohamed , Schwarz Sarah , Avemarie Georg , Aziz Muhammad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The transition to renewable energy sources such as solar and wind is challenged by their variable outputs, which can lead to power imbalances. Hydrogen fuel cells, typically used for long-term energy storage, encounter challenges such as degradation due to power fluctuations and slow response times. This study proposes a hybrid energy storage solution that integrates flywheels and fuel cells to address these issues. Flywheels provide a rapid response to power peaks, whereas fuel cells offer stable, continuous power during periods of low renewable energy production. The hybrid system comprises a solar PV array, a PEM electrolyzer, a flywheel storage system, a PEM fuel cell, and hydrogen tanks, all coordinated by a power management unit (PMU) through a common DC link to ensure efficient power distribution. A sizing optimization model is employed to balance energy supply and demand, thereby optimizing the component sizes. Efficiency analyses indicate that this hybrid system could significantly improve the stability and reliability of renewable energy sources, presenting a robust solution to the challenge of power intermittency by effectively managing both short-term and long-term energy storage needs.
Development and validation of a population-based risk algorithm for premature mortality in Canada: the Premature Mortality Population Risk Tool (PreMPoRT)
Authors: O'Neill Meghan , Hurst Mackenzie , Pagalan Lief , Diemert Lori , Kornas Kathy , Fisher Stacey , Hong Andy , Manuel Doug , Rosella Laura C 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionTo develop and validate the Premature Mortality Population Risk Tool (PreMPoRT), a population-based risk algorithm that predicts the 5-year incidence of premature mortality among the Canadian adult population.MethodsRetrospective cohort analysis used six cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey linked to the Canadian Vital Statistics Database (2000–2017). The cohort comprised 500 870 adults (18–74 years). Predictors included sociodemographic factors, self-perceived measures, health behaviours and chronic conditions. Three models (minimal, primary and full) were developed. PreMPoRT was internally validated using a split set approach and externally validated across three hold-out cycles. Performance was assessed based on predictive accuracy, discrimination and calibration.ResultsThe cohort included 267 460 females and 233 410 males. Premature deaths occurred in 1.40% of females and 2.05% of males. Primary models had 12 predictors (females) and 13 predictors (males). Shared predictors included age, income quintile, education, self-perceived health, smoking, emphysema/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, diabetes, cancer and stroke. Male-specific predictors were marital status, Alzheimer’s disease and arthritis while female-specific predictors were body mass index and physical activity. External validation cohort differed slightly in demographics. Female model performance: split set (c-statistic: 0.852), external (c-statistic: 0.856). Male model performance: split set and external (c-statistic: 0.846). Calibration showed slight overprediction for high-risk individuals and good calibration in key subgroups.ConclusionsPreMPoRT achieved the strongest discrimination and calibration among existing prediction models for premature mortality. The model produces reliable estimates of future incidence of premature mortality and may be used to identify subgroups who may benefit from public health interventions.
The role of spacer heteroatomic fragment in spectroscopic and luminescent behaviour of phenyl-substituted phthalocyanine complexes
Authors: Erzunov D. , Alekseeva A. , Sarvin I. , Tonkova S. , Vashurin A. 
Published: September 2024

Peripheral phenyl-substituted metal phthalocyanines with thio and oxa substitution in the spacer bridge fragment were obtained in the work. Spectroscopic properties were studied for the obtained complexes, and the main patterns of behavior and characteristics change depending on the solvent and the nature of the spacer atom. It is shown that the replacement of an oxygen atom in the bridge fragment of a peripheral substituent with a sulfur atom leads to a change in the values of the fluorescence quantum yields. It was revealed that the presence of a spacer fragment is one of the key factors that strongly influence both the solubility of phthalocyanine complexes and their aggregation behavior in various solvents.
PARP7 Inhibitors and AHR Agonists Act Synergistically across a Wide Range of Cancer Models
Authors: Chen Huadong , Gou Xuxu , Mao Ying , O’Leary Patrick C. , Diolaiti Morgan E. , Ashworth Alan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Small-molecule inhibitors of the mono (ADP) ribosyl transferase PARP7 are being evaluated asmonotherapy for tumors overexpressing PARP7 and in combination with immune checkpoint blockade. We previously showed that sensitivity to the PARP7 inhibitor (PARP7i) RBN-2397 could be enhanced by cotreatment with agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHRa) in cell lines that show strong intrinsic sensitivity to RBN-2397. In this study, we demonstrated that a range of tumor cell lines that are relatively insensitive to PARP7i or AHRa as individual agents are unexpectedly profoundly sensitive to their combination. Our data show that this synergistic response is dependent on the AHR/AHR nuclear translocator and is associated with increased levels of nuclear AHR and increased transcription of AHR target genes. In some hormone receptor–positive cell lines, we find that combination treatment is associated with proteasomal turnover of the steroid hormone receptors, androgen receptor and estrogen receptor. Both wild-type and hormone-resistant mutant forms of these receptors are degraded upon treatment with AHRa and PARP7i in breast and prostate cancer models. These results suggest that combining PARP7i with AHRa may extend the utility of these drugs to a wider range of tumors, including those that are refractory to hormone therapy.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 Protects Against Myocardial Infarction by Improving Lymphatic Drainage Function and Triggering DECR1-Mediated Mitochondrial Bioenergetics
Authors: Duan Zikun , Huang Zhouqing , Lei Wei , Zhang Ke , Xie Wei , Jin Hua , Wu Maolan , Wang Ningrui , Li Xiaokun , Xu Aimin , Zhou Hao , Wu Fan , Li Yulin , Lin Zhuofeng 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
BMP9 (bone morphogenetic protein 9) is a member of the TGF-β (transforming growth factor β) family of cytokines with pleiotropic effects on glucose metabolism, fibrosis, and lymphatic development. However, the role of BMP9 in myocardial infarction (MI) remains elusive.

METHODS:
The expressional profiles of BMP9 in cardiac tissues and plasma samples of subjects with MI were determined by immunoassay or immunoblot. The role of BMP9 in MI was determined by evaluating the impact of BMP9 deficiency and replenishment with adeno-associated virus–mediated BMP9 expression or recombinant human BMP9 protein in mice.

RESULTS:
We show that circulating BMP9 and its cardiac levels are markedly increased in humans and mice with MI and are negatively associated with cardiac function. It is important to note that BMP9 deficiency exacerbates left ventricular dysfunction, increases infarct size, and augments cardiac fibrosis in mice with MI. In contrast, replenishment of BMP9 significantly attenuates these adverse effects. We further demonstrate that BMP9 improves lymphatic drainage function, thereby leading to a decrease of cardiac edema. In addition, BMP9 increases the expression of mitochondrial DECR1 (2,4-dienoyl-CoA [coenzyme A] reductase 1), a rate-limiting enzyme involved in β-oxidation, which, in turn, promotes cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics and mitigates MI-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Moreover, DECR1 deficiency exacerbates MI-induced cardiac damage in mice, whereas this adverse effect is restored by the treatment of adeno-associated virus–mediated DECR1. Consistently, DECR1 deletion abrogates the beneficial effect of BMP9 against MI-induced cardiomyopathy and cardiac damage in mice.

CONCLUSIONS:
These results suggest that BMP9 protects against MI by fine-tuning the multiorgan cross-talk among the liver, lymph, and the heart.
Stroke of Consistency: Streamlining Multicenter Protocols for Enhanced Reproducibility of Infarct Volumes in Preclinical Stroke Research
Authors: Llovera Gemma , Langhauser Friederike , Isla Cainzos Sara , Hoppen Maike , Abberger Hanna , Mohamud Yusuf Ayan , Mencl Stine , Heindl Steffanie , Ricci Alessio , Haupeltshofer Steffen , Kuchenbecker-Pöls Lennart , Gunzer Matthias , Hansen Wiebke , Hermann Dirk M. , Gelderblom Matthias , Schmidt-Pogoda Antje , Minnerup Jens , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Magnus Tim , Liesz Arthur 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
The discrepancy between experimental research and clinical trial outcomes is a persistent challenge in preclinical studies, particularly in stroke research. A possible factor contributing to this issue is the lack of standardization across experimental stroke models, leading to poor reproducibility in multicenter studies. This study addresses this gap by aiming to enhance reproducibility and the efficacy of multicenter studies through the harmonization of protocols and training of involved personnel.

METHODS:
We established a set of standard operating procedures for various stroke models and the Neuroscore. These standard operating procedures were implemented across multiple research centers, followed by specialized, in-person training for all participants. We measured the variability in infarct volume both before and after the implementation of these standardized protocols and training sessions.

RESULTS:
The standardization process led to a significant reduction in variability of infarct volume across different stroke models (40%–50% reduction), demonstrating the effectiveness of our harmonized protocols and training. Additionally, the implementation of the Neuroscore system across centers showed low variability and consistent results up to 28 days poststroke, underscoring its utility in chronic phase evaluations.

CONCLUSIONS:
The harmonization of protocols and surgeon training significantly reduced variability in experimental outcomes across different centers. This improvement can increase the comparability of data between research groups and enhance the statistical power of multicenter studies. Our findings also establish the Neuroscore as a reliable tool for long-term assessment in stroke research, paving the way for more consistent and impactful multicenter preclinical studies.
Sex-Stratified Genome-Wide Association Study in the Spanish Population Identifies a Novel Locus for Lacunar Stroke
Authors: Cárcel-Márquez Jara , Muiño Elena , Gallego-Fabrega Cristina , Cullell Natalia , Lledós Miquel , Llucià-Carol Laia , Martín-Campos Jesús M. , Sobrino Tomás , Campos Francisco , Castillo José , Freijo Marimar , Arenillas Juan Francisco , Obach Victor , Álvarez-Sabín José , Molina Carlos A. , Ribó Marc , Jiménez-Conde Jordi , Roquer Jaume , Muñoz-Narbona Lucia , Lopez-Cancio Elena , Millán Mònica , Diaz-Navarro Rosa , Vives-Bauza Cristòfol , Serrano-Heras Gemma , Segura Tomás , Ibañez Laura , Heitsch Laura , Delgado Pilar , Dhar Rajat , Krupinski Jerzy , Prats-Sánchez Luis , Camps-Renom Pol , Guasch Marina , Ezcurra Garbiñe , Blay Natalia , Sumoy Lauro , de Cid Rafael , Montaner Joan , Cruchaga Carlos , Lee Jin-Moo , Martí-Fàbregas Joan , Férnandez-Cadenas Israel 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Ischemic stroke (IS) represents a significant health burden globally, necessitating a better understanding of its genetic underpinnings to improve prevention and treatment strategies. Despite advances in IS genetics, studies focusing on the Spanish population and sex-stratified analyses are lacking.

METHODS:
A case-control genome-wide association study was conducted with 9081 individuals (3493 IS cases and 5588 healthy controls). IS subtypes using Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria were explored in a sex-stratified approach. Replication efforts involved the MEGASTROKE, GIGASTROKE, and the UK Biobank international cohorts. Post-genome-wide association study analysis included: in silico proteomic analysis, gene-based analysis, quantitative trait loci annotation, transcriptome-wide association analysis, and bioinformatic analysis using chromatin accessibility data.

RESULTS:

Identified as associated with IS and its subtypes were 4 significant and independent loci. Replication confirmed 5p15.2 as a new locus associated with small-vessel occlusion stroke, with rs59970332-T as the lead variant (beta [SE], 0.13 [0.02];
P
=4.34×10
−8
). Functional analyses revealed
CTNND2
given proximity and its implication in pathways involved in vascular integrity and angiogenesis. Integration of Hi-C data identified additional potentially modulated genes, and in silico proteomic analysis suggested a distinctive blood proteome profile associated with the lead variant. Gene-set enrichment analyses highlighted pathways consistent with small-vessel disease pathogenesis. Gene-based associations with known stroke-related genes such as
F2
and
FGG
were also observed, reinforcing the relevance of our findings.

CONCLUSIONS:

We found
CTNND2
as a potential key molecule in small-vessel occlusion stroke risk, and predominantly in males. This study sheds light on the genetic architecture of IS in the Spanish population, providing novel insights into sex-specific associations and potential molecular mechanisms. Further research, including replication in larger cohorts, is essential for a comprehensive understanding of these findings and for their translation to clinical practice.
Introducing Mr. Three: Attention, Perception, and Meaning Selection in the Acquisition of Number and Color Words
Authors: Tillman Katharine A. , Wagner Katie , Barner David 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Children learn their first number words gradually over the course of many months, which is surprising given their ability to discriminate small numerosities. One potential explanation for this is that children are sensitive to the numerical features of stimuli, but don’t consider exact cardinality as a primary hypothesis for novel word meanings. To test this, we trained 144 children on a number word they hadn’t yet learned, and contrasted this with a condition in which they were merely required to attend to number to identify the word’s referent, without encoding number as its meaning. In the first condition, children were trained to find a “giraffe with three spots.” In the second condition, children were instead trained to find “Mr. Three”, which also named a giraffe with three spots. In both conditions, children had to attend to number to identify the target giraffe, but, because proper nouns refer to individuals rather than their properties, the second condition did not require children to encode number as the meaning of the expression. We found that children were significantly better at identifying the giraffe when it had been labeled with the proper noun than with the number word. This finding contrasted with a second experiment involving color words, in which children (n = 56) were equally successful with a proper noun (“Mr. Purple”) and an adjective (“the giraffe with purple spots”). Together, these findings suggest that, for number, but not for color, children’s difficulty acquiring new words cannot be solely attributed to problems with attention or perception, but instead may be due to difficulty selecting the correct meaning from their hypothesis space for learning unknown words.
Revolution, Counter-Revolution, and Political Violence in Latin America during the Long 1960s
Authors: Morales Aguilera Francisco Javier 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The article reflects on the strategies of political violence used by Latin American revolutionary and counterrevolutionary actors during the long 1960s. It argues that the notions and practices of political violence used by revolutionary actors were adapted to different social, cultural and geographical realities, so there was no single strategic definition. In the case of the counterrevolution, its practices of violence were mostly linked to state apparatuses and structures, without which its expansion and survival within the public space would have been more difficult.
Preschool children’s adherence to the 24-hour physical activity guidelines: A systematic review comparing the sexes
Authors: Rico-González Markel , Martín-Moya Ricardo , Mendoza-Muñoz María , Carlos-Vivas Jorge 
Published: September 2024

Objective: Physical activity (PA) is essential to promote both optimal physical and emotional health in preschool children. Hence, well-founded PA guidelines are essential. 24-hour Movement Guidelines (which include PA, recreational screen time and sleep) have been established. Thus, this study aimed to explore preschool-aged children’s adherence to the 24-hour PA guidelines assessed using microelectromechanical systems, and whether sex was a determining factor for meeting the guidelines. Method: A systematic review of relevant published articles was carried out using four databases (PubMed, ProQuest, SCOPUS, FECYT) up until April, 2023. Results: From a total of 519 studies initially located, 48 were included in our synthesis. Of the studies analysed for this review, 7 showed results below 30% compliance with the PA guidelines, 19 below 70%, and 22 from 70% to 100%. In terms of sex differences, the studies analysed in the review suggested that boys are more likely to meet PA guidelines than girls. There exists controversy about adherence to PA levels as age increases. Several studies have shown an increase in the early years (1–5) while others, although to a lesser extent, have found that total PA remained stable or decreased from 3 to 5 years. Conclusion: In the light of these findings, more research is needed to better understand trends in PA during the preschool years and the factors that influence them. In the meantime, promoting regular PA and reducing recreational screen time remain key priorities for the health and development of preschool-aged children.
Engaging in emotional and cultural work: Migrant mothers’ experiences of school-based sexuality education
Authors: Morin Gabrielle , Marwah Smridhi 
Published: September 2024

Objective: By looking at the school-based sexuality education experiences of migrant mothers in Tiohtià:ke-Montréal (Canada), this article aims to shed light on the diverse and often invisible ways in which parents become involved in their child’s sexuality education. Method: Qualitative virtual asynchronous focus groups. Results: The findings shed light on the different ways in which migrant mothers become engaged in their children’s sexuality education. The results showed that participants engaged with cultural perspectives by discussing sexuality education topics with their child, thereby mitigating the power imbalance between themselves and the school by building on the parent–child relationship. Mothers also made their voices heard by actively becoming involved in change. Conclusion: Aligned with the principles of culturally responsive education and school–family partnership, the analysis and discussion raise awareness about the limitations of existing school-based sexuality education curricula, particularly when it comes to recognising and empowering parents as primary educators. Moving forward, the research urges educational institutions and actors to learn from the challenges faced by migrant parents and the strategies they employ. This learning can then be used to inform the development of school-based sexuality education curricula and policies so as to ensure that they are more responsive to the needs of migrant students and families.
1,4-Diol Hq (TBHQ) vs 1,4-dithiol (TBDT); simulation of safe antioxidant with a lower carcinogenic activity
Authors: Mosavi Seyed Zahra , Colagar Abasalt Hosseinzadeh , Zahedi Tahereh , Seyedalipour Bagher 
Published: September 2024

Objectives: tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is an antioxidant and preservative used in unsaturated vegetable oils and processed foods. However, when consumed in higher doses daily, it may pose a threat to public health by potentially increasing the risk of cancer, as it has an affinity with both the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Methods: This study aimed to examine the impact of substituting the 1,4-diol of TBHQ with 1,4-dithiol, referred to as TBDT, on the carcinogenic and antioxidant systems using computational methods. The binding affinity of TBHQ and TBDT to the two carcinogenic receptors, AhR and ERα, as well as to the antioxidant receptor Keap1 alone and in connection with Nrf2 (Nrf2-Keap1) was investigated through docking analysis. Results: The results indicated a decrease in TBDT's binding strength to ERα and AhR when assessed using Molegro Virtual Docker ( P-value: 0.0001 and 0.00001, respectively), AutoDock Vina ( P-value: 0.0001 and 0.0001), and the online server Fast DRH ( P-value: 0.0001 and 0.0001). However, TBDT's binding affinity to Keap1 was predicted to be significantly stronger than TBHQ's by both MVD and AutoDock Vina ( P-value: 0.0001 and 0.04), while its binding to Nrf2-Keap1 assessed to be stronger only by MVD ( P-value: 0.0001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that TBDT not only exhibits higher antioxidant activity as a better ligand for the antioxidant system but also shows lower affinity with the AhR and ERα receptors. Therefore, TBDT can be considered a safer compound than TBHQ.
A Cross-Sectional Trait Versus State Biomarker Analysis of Inflammatory Cytokines and miRNAs in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Rockson Christopher , Girish Chandrashekaran , Natarajan Harivenkatesh , Menon Vikas 
Published: September 2024

Background: Inflammatory cytokines are associated with the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Nevertheless, whether they are trait or state biomarkers remains unclear. We aimed to assess and compare selected cytokines, miRNAs, and oxidative stress biomarker levels between patients with MDD, first-degree relatives (FDRs), and unrelated healthy controls (UHCs). Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, we recruited patients with MDD, their FDRs and age, gender, body mass index-matched UHCs. Serum levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, hs-CRP, and IL-10 were evaluated using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. We quantified the gene expressions of plasma miR-16, miR-132, and miR-1202 using Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). We estimated the total oxidant status and total antioxidant status levels in the serum by ELISA. We used sequential multiple linear regression analysis to find the association between MDD vs. UHCs (model 1), FDRs vs. UHCs (model 2), and MDD vs. FDRs (model 3) after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI as covariates. Results: The study involved 50 patients with MDD (mean age = 34.7 ± 10.1 years), 31 FDRs (mean age = 32.7 ± 12.2 years), and 50 UHCs (mean age = 34.1 ± 10.3 years). Patients with MDD had higher levels IL-6 (β = 6.04; 95% CI; 1.60 to 10.49; p = 0.008) and downregulated miR-1202 (β = –0.38; 95% CI: –0.70 to –0.06; p = 0.02) compared to FDRs with statistically significant differences. Conclusion: The higher levels of serum IL-6 and downregulated plasma miR-1202 expression in patients with MDD compared to FDRs may be a state biomarkers in MDD. However, an adequately powered study can answer these questions with certainty.