bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mid-infrared high birefringence As2Se3-based PCF with large nonlinearity and distinctive dispersion by using asymmetric elliptical air hole cladding
Authors: Hui Zhanqiang , Yang Min , Zhang Youkun , Zhang Meizhi 
Published: January 2018

A novel high birefringence As2Se3-based hexagonal lattice photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is proposed. In the structure, a central defect core and three kinds of elliptical air holes with different major axes length and ellipticity are introduced in the cladding. The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method with perfectly matched layer (PML) absorption boundary conditions are used to simulate the guided modes of the designed PCF. The properties of this PCF are investigated in detail including the birefringence, beat length, dispersion, nonlinearity and polarization mode dispersion in the 2–5 [Formula: see text] mid-infrared range. The results show that for the optimized structure parameters of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], the high birefringence of 0.1192 and beat length of 41.93 [Formula: see text] are obtained. The maximum nonlinearity coefficient of 10,050 w[Formula: see text]km[Formula: see text] and 15,200 w[Formula: see text]km[Formula: see text] for x- and y-polarization modes are achieved. The distinctive dispersion is analyzed, which is all-normal in x-polarization direction while it has two zero dispersion points at 3.18 [Formula: see text] and 3.65 [Formula: see text] in y-polarization direction. The designed PCF with high birefringence, large nonlinearity and distinctive dispersion will be beneficial for mid-infrared fiber sensing, mid-infrared spectroscopy and nonlinear optics applications.
Efficient ultrawideband linear polarization conversion metasurface based on Φ-shaped
Authors: Fang Zhenhua , Chen Huan , Song Kun , Luo Chunrong , Zhao Xiaopeng 
Published: January 2018

Polarization is a property of transverse waves that specify the geometrical orientation of the oscillations, and it is of significant importance to control the polarization of waves at the information storage and processing. In this paper, we propose a new type of polarization conversion metasurface based on the [Formula: see text]-shaped structure in reflection mode. An ultrawideband cross-polarization conversion is obtained. The simulated results show that this metasurface can rotate the polarized direction of the linearly polarized electromagnetic wave by 90[Formula: see text] and the polarization conversion efficiency reaches up to 90% in the ultrawideband from 6.9 GHz to 22.2 GHz. The relative bandwidth is 105%. In addition, the experimental results of polarization conversion efficiency are in good agreement with the simulations. With the advantages of high conversion efficiency, ultrawide operating band and the simple geometric structure, the application of this polarization conversion metasurface structure can be extended to the frequency range of terahertz or even the visible light.
Towards architectural support for bandwidth management in mixed-critical embedded systems
Authors: Christoforakis Ioannis , Astrinaki Maria , Kornaros George 
Published: January 2018

Mixed-critical platforms require an on-chip interconnect and a memory controller capable of providing sufficient timing independence for critical applications. Existing real-time memory controllers, however, either do not support mixed criticality or still fail to ensure negligible allow a certain degree of interference between applications.
On the other hand, Networks-on-Chip manage the traffic injection rate mainly by employing complex techniques; either back-pressure based flow-control mechanisms or rate-control of traffic load (i.e. traffic shaping). This work proposes such a Traffic Shaper Module that supports both monitoring and traffic control at the on-chip network interface or the memory controller.
The advantage of this Traffic Shaper Module is that at system level it provides guaranteed memory bandwidth to the critical applications by limiting traffic of non-critical tasks.
The system is developed in the Xilinx ZYNQ7000 System-on-Chip while the measurements were captured on a Zed-board development board. By enabling the Traffic Shaper in our architecture we achieved fine-grain bandwidth control with negligible overhead, while providing bandwidth of only 0.5-5 percent less than the theoretical specified bandwidth.
Activation of 4-1BB on Liver Myeloid Cells Triggers Hepatitis via an Interleukin-27–Dependent Pathway
Authors: Bartkowiak Todd , Jaiswal Ashvin R. , Ager Casey R. , Chin Renee , Chen Chao-Hsien , Budhani Pratha , Ai Midan , Reilley Matthew J. , Sebastian Manu M. , Hong David S. , Curran Michael A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Agonist antibodies targeting the T-cell costimulatory receptor 4-1BB (CD137) are among the most effective immunotherapeutic agents across preclinical cancer models. In the clinic, however, development of these agents has been hampered by dose-limiting liver toxicity. Lack of knowledge of the mechanisms underlying this toxicity has limited the potential to separate 4-1BB agonist–driven tumor immunity from hepatotoxicity.
Experimental Design: The capacity of 4-1BB agonist antibodies to induce liver toxicity was investigated in immunocompetent mice, with or without coadministration of checkpoint blockade, via (i) measurement of serum transaminase levels, (ii) imaging of liver immune infiltrates, and (iii) qualitative and quantitative assessment of liver myeloid and T cells via flow cytometry. Knockout mice were used to clarify the contribution of specific cell subsets, cytokines, and chemokines.
Results: We find that activation of 4-1BB on liver myeloid cells is essential to initiate hepatitis. Once activated, these cells produce interleukin-27 that is required for liver toxicity. CD8 T cells infiltrate the liver in response to this myeloid activation and mediate tissue damage, triggering transaminase elevation. FoxP3+ regulatory T cells limit liver damage, and their removal dramatically exacerbates 4-1BB agonist–induced hepatitis. Coadministration of CTLA-4 blockade ameliorates transaminase elevation, whereas PD-1 blockade exacerbates it. Loss of the chemokine receptor CCR2 blocks 4-1BB agonist hepatitis without diminishing tumor-specific immunity against B16 melanoma.
Conclusions: 4-1BB agonist antibodies trigger hepatitis via activation and expansion of interleukin-27–producing liver Kupffer cells and monocytes. Coadministration of CTLA-4 and/or CCR2 blockade may minimize hepatitis, but yield equal or greater antitumor immunity. Clin Cancer Res; 24(5); 1138–51. ©2018 AACR.
Pancreatic Juice Mutation Concentrations Can Help Predict the Grade of Dysplasia in Patients Undergoing Pancreatic Surveillance
Authors: Suenaga Masaya , Yu Jun , Shindo Koji , Tamura Koji , Almario Jose Alejandro , Zaykoski Christopher , Witmer P. Dane , Fesharakizadeh Shahriar , Borges Michael , Lennon Anne-Marie , Shin Eun-Ji , Canto Marcia Irene , Goggins Michael 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Purpose: The measurement of mutations in pancreatic juice samples collected from the duodenum during endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) may improve the diagnostic evaluation of patients undergoing pancreatic surveillance. Our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of using pancreatic juice mutation concentrations to predict the presence and histologic grade of neoplasia in the pancreas.
Experimental Design: Digital next-generation sequencing (NGS) of pancreatic juice DNA using a targeted 12-gene panel was performed on 67 patients undergoing pancreatic evaluation during EUS, including patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, patients who subsequently underwent pancreatic resection for precursor lesions, patients undergoing surveillance for their familial/inherited susceptibility to pancreatic cancer, and normal pancreas disease controls.
Results: Patients with pancreatic cancer or high-grade dysplasia as their highest grade lesion had significantly higher pancreatic juice mutation concentrations than all other subjects (mean/SD digital NGS score; 46.6 ± 69.7 vs. 6.2 ± 11.6, P = 0.02). Pancreatic juice mutation concentrations distinguished patients with pancreatic cancer or high-grade dysplasia in their resection specimen from all other subjects with 72.2% sensitivity and 89.4% specificity [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.872]. Mutant TP53/SMAD4 concentrations could distinguish patients with pancreatic cancer or high-grade dysplasia in their resection specimen from all other subjects with 61.1% sensitivity and 95.7% specificity (AUC = 0.819). Among 31 high-risk individuals under surveillance, 2 of the 3 individuals with most abnormal pancreatic juice mutation profiles also had the most abnormalities on pancreatic imaging.
Conclusions: Pancreatic juice mutation analysis using digital NGS has potential diagnostic utility in the evaluation of patients undergoing pancreatic surveillance. Clin Cancer Res; 24(12); 2963–74. ©2018 AACR.
See related commentary by Lipner and Yeh, p. 2713
p53-Reactive T Cells Are Associated with Clinical Benefit in Patients with Platinum-Resistant Epithelial Ovarian Cancer After Treatment with a p53 Vaccine and Gemcitabine Chemotherapy
Authors: Hardwick Nicola R. , Frankel Paul , Ruel Christopher , Kilpatrick Julie , Tsai Weimin , Kos Ferdynand , Kaltcheva Teodora , Leong Lucille , Morgan Robert , Chung Vincent , Tinsley Raechelle , Eng Melissa , Wilczynski Sharon , Ellenhorn Joshua D.I. , Diamond Don J. , Cristea Mihaela 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Purpose: To conduct a phase I trial of a Modified Vaccinia Ankara vaccine delivering wild-type human p53 (p53MVA) in combination with gemcitabine chemotherapy in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
Experimental Design: Patients received gemcitabine on days 1 and 8 and p53MVA vaccine on day 15, during the first 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Toxicity was classified using the NCI Common Toxicity Criteria and clinical response assessed by CT scan. Peripheral blood samples were collected for immunophenotyping and monitoring of anti-p53 immune responses.
Results: Eleven patients were evaluated for p53MVA/gemcitabine toxicity, clinical outcome, and immunologic response. Toxicity: there were no DLTs, but 3 of 11 patients came off study early due to gemcitabine-attributed adverse events (AE). Minimal AEs were attributed to p53MVA vaccination. Immunologic and clinical response: enhanced in vitro recognition of p53 peptides was detectable after immunization in both the CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell compartments in 5 of 11 and 6 of 11 patients, respectively. Changes in peripheral T regulatory cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) did not correlate significantly with vaccine response or progression-free survival (PFS). Patients with the greatest expansion of p53-reactive T cells had significantly longer PFS than patients with lower p53-reactivity after therapy. Tumor shrinkage or disease stabilization occurred in 4 patients.
Conclusions: p53MVA was well tolerated, but gemcitabine without steroid pretreatment was intolerable in some patients. However, elevated p53-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses after therapy correlated with longer PFS. Therefore, if responses to p53MVA can be enhanced with alternative agents, superior clinical responses may be achievable. Clin Cancer Res; 24(6); 1315–25. ©2018 AACR.
Lp(a) (Lipoprotein(a)) Levels Predict Progression of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Subjects With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease on Intensive Lipid Therapy
Authors: Hippe Daniel S. , Phan Binh An P. , Sun Jie , Isquith Daniel A. , O’Brien Kevin D. , Crouse John R. , Anderson Todd , Huston John , Marcovina Santica M. , Hatsukami Thomas S. , Yuan Chun , Zhao Xue-Qiao 
Published: January 2018

Objective—
To assess whether Lp(a) (lipoprotein(a)) levels and other lipid levels were predictive of progression of atherosclerosis burden as assessed by carotid magnetic resonance imaging in subjects who have been treated with LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol)–lowering therapy and participated in the AIM-HIGH trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides: Impact on Global Health Outcomes).

Approach and Results—

AIM-HIGH was a randomized, double-blind study of subjects with established vascular disease, elevated triglycerides, and low HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). One hundred fifty-two AIM-HIGH subjects underwent both baseline and 2-year follow-up carotid artery magnetic resonance imaging. Plaque burden was measured by the percent wall volume (%WV) of the carotid artery. Associations between annualized change in %WV with baseline and on-study (1 year) lipid variables were evaluated using multivariate linear regression and the Bonferroni correction to account for multiple comparisons. Average %WV at baseline was 41.6±6.8% and annualized change in %WV over 2 years ranged from −3.2% to 3.7% per year (mean: 0.2±1.1% per year;
P
=0.032). Increases in %WV were significantly associated with higher baseline Lp(a) (β=0.34 per 1-SD increase of Lp(a); 95% confidence interval, 0.15–0.52;
P
<0.001) after adjusting for clinical risk factors and other lipid levels. On-study Lp(a) had a similar positive association with %WV progression (β=0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.15–0.52;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
Despite intensive lipid therapy, aimed at aggressively lowering LDL-C to <70 mg/dL, carotid atherosclerosis continued to progress as assessed by carotid magnetic resonance imaging and that elevated Lp(a) levels were independent predictors of increases in atherosclerosis burden.
Transient Ischemic Attack Results in Delayed Brain Atrophy and Cognitive Decline
Authors: Bivard Andrew , Lillicrap Thomas , Maréchal Bénédicte , Garcia-Esperon Carlos , Holliday Elizabeth , Krishnamurthy Venkatesh , Levi Christopher R. , Parsons Mark 
Published: January 2018

Background and Purpose—
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) initiates an ischemic cascade without resulting in frank infarction and, as such, represents a novel model to study the effects of this ischemic cascade and secondary neurodegeneration in humans.

Methods—
Patients with suspected TIA underwent acute brain perfusion imaging, and those with acute ischemia were enrolled into a prospective observational study. We collected baseline and 90-day magnetic resonance imaging, including MP-RAGE (high-resolution T1 sequence) and cognitive assessment with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Brain morphometry and within patient statistical analysis were performed to identify changes between baseline and 90-day imaging and clinical assessments.

Results—

Fifty patients with TIA with acute perfusion lesions were studied. All patients experienced a decrease in global cortical gray matter (
P
=0.005). Patients with anterior circulation TIA (n=31) also had a significant reduction in the volume of the pons (
P
<0.001), ipsilesional parietal lobe (
P
<0.001), occipital lobe (
P
=0.002), frontal lobe (
P
<0.001), temporal lobe (
P
=0.003), and thalamus (
P
=0.016). Patients with an anterior perfusion lesion on acute imaging also had a significant decrease in Montreal Cognitive Assessment between baseline and day 90 (
P
=0.027), which may be related to the volume of thalamic atrophy (
R
2
=0.28;
P
=0.009).

Conclusions—
In a prospective observational study, patients with TIA confirmed by acute perfusion imaging experienced a significant reduction in global gray matter and focal structural atrophy related to the area of acute ischemia. The atrophy also resulted in a proportional decreased cognitive performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Further studies are required to identify the mechanisms of this atrophy.
The Sense of Quoting
Authors: Odell-Scott David W. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis essay argues that the neutral continuous script of ancient manuscripts of the Greek New Testament composed with no punctuation and no spacing provided readers discretionary authority to determine and assess the status of phrases as they articulated a cohesive and coherent reading of the script. The variety of reading renditions, each differently scored with punctuation, supported the production of quotations. These cultivated and harvested quotes, while useful for authorizing sectarian discourse, rarely convey the sense of the phrase in the continuous script. Augustine’s work on punctuating the scriptures in service to the production of plainer quotable passages in support of the rule of faith is addressed. The textual analysis of a plainer quotable passage at 1 Cor. 7:1b concerning male celibacy supports the thesis that plainer passages are the product of interpretative scoring of the script in service to discursive endeavours. To quote is often to misquote.
Anisochilus kanyakumariensis (Lamiaceae): a new species from the Western Ghats, India
Authors: SHINOJ KALATHUMMARATH , SUNOJKUMAR PURAYIDATHKANDY 
Published: January 2018

A new species, Anisochilus propecephalus (Lamiaceae) from Kanyakumari, Western Ghats, India is described and illustrated here. This new species is similar to Anisochilus carnosus in vegetative characters and inflorescence nature whereas in floral characters it is close to Anisochilus paniculatus, but differs from both by its decumbent habit, leaf size and shape, short petiole, inflorescence nature, size and shape of spike head, corolla size and shape and densely villous calyx. Detailed description, photographs, illustrations, IUCN red list category, distribution map, notes on biogeography and other relevant notes are provided.
Changes in Voice- and Swallowing-Related Symptoms After Thyroidectomy: One-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Park Young Min , Oh Kyung Ho , Cho Jae-Gu , Baek Seung-Kuk , Kwon Soon-Young , Jung Kwang-Yoon , Woo Jeong-Soo 
Published: January 2018

Objective: We analyzed the changes in voice- and swallowing-related symptoms that occurred over time in patients who underwent thyroidectomy and identified any associated risk factors. Methods: One hundred and three patients who underwent thyroidectomy were enrolled. Results: The mean thyroidectomy voice-related questionnaire (TVQ) score before surgery was 12.41 ± 12.19; it significantly increased to 28.24 ± 18.01 ( P < .001) 1 month postoperatively, decreased to 24.02 ± 17.30 ( P = .014) and 20.66 ± 15.29 ( P = .023) 3 and 6 months postoperatively, respectively. It was continuously decreased to 18.83 ± 14.63 twelve months postoperatively. The temporal changes in TVQ scores between patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy were significantly different. There was a statistically significant difference in the temporal changes in TVQ according to whether neck dissection was performed. The temporal changes in TVQ in patients with and without extrathyroidal extension were significantly different. Conclusions: Voice- and swallowing-related discomfort in patients who received thyroidectomy showed dynamic changes over time. There was a significant difference in the degree of change according to clinicopathological factors. Patients with these risk factors may benefit from appropriate patient education and various rehabilitation programs for symptom relief.
School-Based Nutrition Education Intervention Using Social Cognitive Theory for Overweight and Obese Iranian Adolescent Girls: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bagherniya Mohammad , Sharma Manoj , Mostafavi Darani Firoozeh , Maracy Mohammad Reza , Safarian Mohammad , Allipour Birgani Ramesh , Bitarafan Vida , Keshavarz Seyed Ali 
Published: January 2018

Background Nowadays childhood obesity has become one the most challenging issue which is considered as a principle public health problem all around the world. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the impact of a 7-month school-based nutrition education intervention using social cognitive theory (SCT) to prevent obesity among overweight and obese adolescent girls. Method In this cluster randomized community trial after choosing schools, a total of 172 overweight and obese girl students participated in the study (87 in the intervention and 85 in the control group). A 7-month intervention based on SCT for students, their parents, and teachers was conducted. At baseline and end of the study, body mass index (BMI), waist circumstances (WCs), dietary intake, and psychological questionnaires regarding the SCT constructs were obtained. Results After 7 months, the mean of BMI and WCs reduced in the intervention group from 29.47 (4.05) to 28.5 (4.35) and from 89.65 (8.15) to 86.54 (9.76), respectively, but in comparison to the control group, they were not statistically significant ( p values .127 and .504, respectively). In the intervention group, nutritional behaviors and most of the psychological variables (self-efficacy, social support, intention, and situation) were improved in favor of the study and they were significant in comparison to the control group ( p < .05). Conclusion Although school-based nutrition education intervention using SCT did not change significantly BMI and WCs among the targeted population in this study, dietary habits as well as psychological factors improved significantly in the intervention group. This trial was registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, www.irct.ir (IRCT2013103115211N1).
Cartilage Subsurface Changes to Magnetic Resonance Imaging UTE-T2* 2 Years After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Correlate With Walking Mechanics Associated With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Titchenal Matthew R. , Williams Ashley A. , Chehab Eric F. , Asay Jessica L. , Dragoo Jason L. , Gold Garry E. , McAdams Timothy R. , Andriacchi Thomas P. , Chu Constance R. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury increases risk for posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Quantitative ultrashort echo time enhanced T2* (UTE-T2*) mapping shows promise for early detection of potentially reversible subsurface cartilage abnormalities after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) but needs further validation against established clinical metrics of OA risk such as knee adduction moment (KAM) and mechanical alignment. Hypothesis: Elevated UTE-T2* values in medial knee cartilage 2 years after ACLR correlate with varus alignment and higher KAM during walking. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Twenty patients (mean age, 33.1 ± 10.5 years; 11 female) 2 years after ACLR underwent 3.0-T knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), radiography, and gait analysis, after which mechanical alignment was measured, KAM during walking was calculated, and UTE-T2* maps were generated. The mechanical axis and the first and second peaks of KAM (KAM1 and KAM2, respectively) were tested using linear regressions for correlations with deep UTE-T2* values in the central and posterior medial femoral condyle (cMFC and pMFC, respectively) and central medial tibial plateau (cMTP). UTE-T2* values from ACL-reconstructed patients were additionally compared with those of 14 uninjured participants (mean age, 30.9 ± 8.9 years; 6 female) using Mann-Whitney U and standard t tests. Results: Central weightbearing medial compartment cartilage of ACL-reconstructed knees was intact on morphological MRI. Mean UTE-T2* values were elevated in both the cMFC and pMFC of ACL-reconstructed knees compared with those of uninjured knees ( P = .003 and P = .012, respectively). In ACL-reconstructed knees, UTE-T2* values of cMFC cartilage positively correlated with increasing varus alignment ( R = 0.568). Higher UTE-T2* values in cMFC and cMTP cartilage of ACL-reconstructed knees also correlated with greater KAM1 ( R = 0.452 and R = 0.463, respectively) and KAM2 ( R = 0.465 and R = 0.764, respectively) and with KAM2 in pMFC cartilage ( R = 0.602). Conclusion: Elevated deep UTE-T2* values of medial knee cartilage 2 years after ACLR correlate with 2 clinical markers of increased risk of medial knee OA. These results support the clinical utility of MRI UTE-T2* for early diagnosis of subsurface cartilage abnormalities. Longitudinal follow-up of larger cohorts is needed to determine the predictive and staging potential of UTE-T2* for posttraumatic OA.