bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor deposits should not be placed in the M category of TNM: A comparative survival analysis using SEER data
Authors: Oguz Erdogan Ayse Selcen , Simmer Femke , Nagtegaal Iris D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTumor deposits (TD) are tumor nodules in the lymphatic drainage area of colorectal cancer patients, and they are currently classified in the N category in the TNM classification. However, due to the associated poor prognosis, some small cohort studies suggest that TD belong in the M category. A retrospective study using The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (SEER) data was performed in Stages III and IV colon carcinoma (CC) patients to evaluate the prognostic impact of TD. In multivariate analysis, TD have significantly negative effect on survival in both stages (Stage III HR = 1.4 [95% CI 1.4–1.5] and Stage IV HR = 1.3 [95% CI 1.2–1.3]). In Stage III, 5‐year overall survival (OS) for patients with TD 49%, whereas it was 64% for patients without TD (p < .001). Additionally, in Stage IV patients without TD, the 5‐year OS rates are superior at 21% compared to patients with TD, who show 5‐year OS rate of 10% (p < .001). Stage III patients with TD (5‐year OS 49%) have a significantly better prognosis compared to Stage IV patients (5‐year OS 17%, p < .001). Therefore, despite the previous suggestions, this large scale study (n = 52,332) on outcomes in CC does not support the classification of TD in Stage IV.
Implementation of Hepatic Artery Infusion Pump Therapy: Real‐World Single‐Center Experience
Authors: Connor Chick Robert , Ruff Samantha M. , Monasterio Julia , Neilson Taylor , Tsai Susan , Ejaz Aslam , Tsung Allan , Kim Alex C. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesHepatic artery infusion pump (HAIP) therapy is an available option at highly specialized centers to treat unresectable liver tumors (e.g., colorectal liver metastases [CRLM]). This study describes the safety and outcomes of HAIP program implementation at an academic‐based cancer center.MethodsPatients who underwent HAIP placement (2021–2023) were included. Categorical and continuous variables were compared using Chi‐square and Kruska–Wallis tests, respectively. Survival and variables associated with survival were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model, respectively.ResultsOf the 26 HAIP procedures for unresectable CRLM, four were done as adjuvant therapy. Median duration of HAIP therapy was 9.2 months and four patients subsequently underwent hepatectomy. Complication rate was 37.5%, with biliary complication rate of 23.1%. Median overall survival (OS) from date of diagnosis was 55.2 months. Concurrent primary tumor resection was associated with inferior OS (p = 0.030). Multivariable regression did not identify independent predictors of OS. Progression‐free survival from time of HAIP placement was 7.8 months.ConclusionsHAIP placement was technically successful in most patients with an acceptable complication rate. Survival outcomes were comparable with those described in the literature for HAIP therapy in combination with systemic therapy. The significant difference in outcomes for those with concurrent colectomy warrants further investigation.
Metals at the Helm: Revolutionizing Protein Assembly and Applications
Authors: Duan Maoping , Lv Chenyan , Zang Jiachen , Leng Xiaojing , Zhao Guanghua , Zhang Tuo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProtein assembly is an essential process in biological systems, where proteins self‐assemble into complex structures with diverse functions. Inspired by the exquisite control over protein assembly in nature, scientists have been exploring ways to design and assemble protein structures with precise control over their topologies and functions. One promising approach for achieving this goal is through metal coordination, which utilizes metal‐binding motifs to mediate protein‐protein interactions and assemble protein complexes with controlled stoichiometry and geometry. Metal coordination provides a modular and tunable approach for protein assembly and de novo structure design, where the metal ion acts as a molecular glue that holds the protein subunits together in a specific orientation. Metal‐coordinated protein assemblies have shown great potential for developing functional metalloproteinase, novel biomaterials and integrated drug delivery systems. In this review, an overview of the recent advances in protein assemblies benefited from metal coordination is provided, focusing on various protein arrangements in different dimensions including protein oligomers, protein nanocage and higher‐order protein architectures. Moreover, the key metal‐binding motifs and strategies used to assemble protein structures with precise control over their properties are highlighted. The potential applications of metal‐mediated protein assemblies in biotechnology and biomedicine are also discussed.
Efficient online estimation and remaining useful life prediction based on the inverse Gaussian process
Authors: Xu Ancha , Wang Jingyang , Tang Yincai , Chen Piao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFast and reliable remaining useful life (RUL) prediction plays a critical role in prognostic and health management of industrial assets. Due to advances in data‐collecting techniques, RUL prediction based on the degradation data has attracted considerable attention during the past decade. In the literature, the majority of studies have focused on RUL prediction using the Wiener process as the underlying degradation model. On the other hand, when the degradation path is monotone, the inverse Gaussian (IG) process has been shown as a popular alternative to the Wiener process. Despite the importance of IG process in degradation modeling, however, there remains a paucity of studies on the RUL prediction based on the IG process. Therefore, the principal objective of this study is to provide a systematic analysis of the RUL prediction based on the IG process. We first propose a series of novel online estimation algorithms so that the model parameters can be efficiently updated whenever a new collection of degradation measurements is available. The distribution of RUL is then derived, which could also be recursively updated. In view of the possible heterogeneities among different systems, we further extend the proposed online algorithms to the IG random‐effect model. Numerical studies and asymptotic analysis show that both the parameters and the RUL can be efficiently and credibly estimated by the proposed algorithms. At last, two real degradation datasets are used for illustration.
Low‐velocity impact behavior of composite laminates based on bio‐inspired stacking sequence
Authors: Zhou Tian , Yang Hongyuan , Peng Chaoyi , Ren Yiru 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis work aims to study the effects of bionic spiral stacking sequence, impact energy and impactor shape on the impact resistance of laminates. The finite element model is established based on the stress failure criterion, progressive damage evolution, and the triangle traction‐separation law. The reliability of the finite element model is validated through rigorous comparison with experimental data. The study investigates the influence of laminate layup sequence, impact energy, and impactor shape on the impact resistance of laminates. The results show that during low‐speed impacts, laminate damage is primarily characterized by fiber breakage, matrix cracking, and delamination. Matrix cracking and delamination become more pronounced as the impact energy increases. The design of linear spiral ply and power function spiral ply has a positive effect on the impact resistance of laminates. The impact resistance of laminates is sensitive to the sharpness of the impactor and the level of impact energy. Higher impact energy and sharper impactor shapes lead to increased energy absorption in the laminate, resulting in more pronounced damage failure.Highlights
The impact resistance of bionic spiral composite laminates is studied.
Three biologically inspired stacking sequences were designed.
A numerical simulation method is proposed and verified.
The low‐velocity impact characteristics of bionic laminates are revealed.
Trends in the appropriateness of oral antibiotic prescriptions dispensed in the United States from 2010 to 2018
Authors: Garg Mahek , Venugopalan Veena , Vouri Scott M. , Diaby Vakaramoko , Iovine Nicole M. , Wilson Debbie L. , Park Haesuk 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundOne of the goals established by the United States National Action Plan to Combat Antibiotic‐Resistant Bacteria is to reduce inappropriate outpatient antibiotic prescriptions by 50% by 2020. Recent data on the achievement of this goal is lacking. The objective of our study was to examine recent trends in the appropriateness of oral antibiotic prescriptions dispensed to a commercially insured population in outpatient settings in the United States to quantify the relative trend in inappropriate antibiotic prescribing from 2010 to 2018.MethodsOur cross‐sectional analysis examined oral antibiotic prescriptions dispensed in outpatient settings using the IBM MarketScan Commercial Data from January 2010 to December 2018. Trends in the annual proportion of antibiotic prescriptions classified as appropriate, potentially appropriate, inappropriate, or without any medical visit during a 7 days look‐back period were estimated using multivariable generalized linear models with Poisson distribution adjusting for beneficiaries' demographic and infectious conditions.ResultsApproximately 170 million oral antibiotic prescriptions were dispensed to 86 million beneficiaries during 2010 to 2018. The mean age of the study population was 34.5 (±19.1) years, with 58.4% females and 24.6% children. We observed a 12.9% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 12.6%–13.2%; p < 0.01) decline in rates of antibiotic use, from 832 to 727 prescriptions per 1000 beneficiaries, from 2010 to 2018. The proportion of prescriptions classified as appropriate increased by 36.7% (95% CI = 36.4%–36.9%; p < 0.01); potentially appropriate prescriptions increased by 9.3% (95% CI = 9.1%–9.4%; p < 0.01); whereas inappropriate prescriptions and those without a medical visit declined by 11.3% (95% CI = 11.2%–11.4%; p < 0.01) and 14.0% (95% CI = 13.9%–14.2%; p < 0.01), respectively. Similar declining trends were observed in use and proportion of inappropriate prescriptions for broad‐spectrum antibiotics. In 2018, amoxicillin and azithromycin were the most common appropriate and inappropriate prescription fills, respectively.ConclusionAlthough antibiotic use and inappropriate prescribing declined steadily from 2010 to 2018 in the United States, this study demonstrates that we have not achieved the national goal of reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescribing by 50%.
Real‐world effectiveness of monoclonal antibody inhibitors of PCSK9 in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Siemens Rebecca , Pryjma Mark , Buchkowsky Susan , Barry Arden R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundHeterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is a genetic condition that is associated with a high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) due to elevated lipid levels. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibody inhibitors have been shown to reduce low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) substantially. This study aimed to assess the real‐world effectiveness of PCSK9 inhibitor therapy among patients with HeFH.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of patients with probable or definite HeFH on a PCSK9 inhibitor at a specialized lipid clinic between 2015 and 2022. The primary objective was the proportion of patients who attained a ≥50% reduction in LDL‐C after 12 months of treatment.ResultsIn total, 141 patients were screened and 95 were included. Mean age was 63 years, 51% were female, and mean baseline LDL‐C level was 4.0 mmol/L (155 mg/dL). A majority of patients (60%) had statin intolerance, and 73% were on ezetimibe. The most common PCSK9 inhibitor was evolocumab (94%). Overall, 74% of patients achieved a ≥50% reduction in LDL‐C after 12 months of therapy. Mean LDL‐C concentration decreased to 1.7 mmol/L (66 mg/dL) (approximately 59% reduction from baseline) after 12 months of follow‐up but increased to 1.9 mmol/L (73 mg/dL) after ≥24 months of follow‐up. Similar trends were observed in non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B. Lipoprotein(a) was significantly reduced by 45% over 12 months. Twelve percent of patients permanently discontinued therapy. Barriers to PCSK9i use were mostly related to cost.ConclusionsIn a real‐world cohort of HeFH patients, most of which were intolerant to statins, a high majority were able to achieve a ≥50% reduction in LDL‐C after 12 months of PCSK9 inhibitor therapy (mean reduction of approximately 59%), which is similar to clinical trial data of patients with ASCVD. A significant reduction in non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and lipoprotein(a) were also observed.
The structure of pathological personality traits and temperament in a Persian community sample
Authors: Lawson Katherine M. , Hemmati Azad , Rezaei Farzin , Rahmani Khaled , Komasi Saeid , Hopwood Christopher J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe present study examined the extent to which the currently established factor structure of the Personality Inventory for DSM‐5 (PID‐5; Krueger et al., 2013) generalizes to a large Persian community sample, as well as relations between the resulting PID‐5 factors and two temperament measures. Cross‐sectional data came from 946 adults (65% female) from western Iran. With the use of exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) with target rotation, we found factor loadings that showed fairly similar patterns to those found in two previous meta‐analytic PID‐5 studies with predominantly North American and European samples (Watters & Bagby, 2018; Somma et al., 2019). Despite slight differences in each of the target rotations, there were moderate congruence coefficients (~0.85) between loadings for the five PID‐5 domains, with the weakest evidence supporting the Disinhibition factor. The resulting PID‐5 factors showed meaningful associations with temperament domains assessed via the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI; Cloninger, 1994) and Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego‐Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS‐A; Akiskal et al., 2005). Overall, our findings suggest that the documented structure of personality pathology assessed by the PID‐5 generalizes somewhat to this sample of Persian participants, and pathological personality traits show important overlap with temperament, although these constructs are meaningfully distinct.
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. Polysaccharides Alleviated Cholestatic Liver Injury by Increasing the Production of Butyric Acid and FXR Activation
Authors: Wang Tianming , Tian Tian , Zhu Zhenyun , Fang Su , Zhang Lincong , Peng Xiaotian , Shi Rong , Li Yuanyuan , Wu Jiasheng , Ma Yueming 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. polysaccharide (GPS) can protect against cholestatic liver injury (CLI) by regulating nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR).However, the mechanism via which GPS mediates the FXR pathway remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism. Firstly, an alpha‐naphthylisothiocyanate‐induced cholestatic mouse model was administered with GPS to evaluate its hepatoprotective effects. The metabolic pathways influenced by GPS in cholestatic mice were detected by serum metabolomics. The effect of GPS on bile acid (BA) homeostasis, FXR expression, and liver inflammation were investigated. Second, the intestinal bacteria metabolites affected by GPS in vivo and in vitro were determined. The activation of FXR by sodium butyrate (NaB) was measured. Finally, the effects of NaB on cholestatic mice were demonstrated. The main pathways influenced by GPS involved BA biosynthesis. GPS upregulated hepatic FXR expression, improved BA homeostasis, reduced F4/80+ and Ly6G+ positive areas in the liver, and inhibited liver inflammation in cholestatic mice. Butyric acid was the most notable intestinal bacterial metabolite following GPS intervention. NaB activated the transcriptional activity of FXR in vitro, upregulated hepatic FXR and its downstream efflux transporter expression, and ameliorated disordered BA homeostasis in CLI mice. NaB inhibited the toll‐like receptor 4/nuclear factor (TLR4/NF‐κB) pathway and reduced inflammation and CLI in mice. An FXR antagonist suppressed the effects. In conclusion, GPS increased butyric acid production, which can activate hepatic FXR, reverse BA homeostasis disorder, and inhibit the TLR4/NF‐κB inflammatory pathway, exerting protective effects against CLI.
The Reactivity of Ptn+ Clusters With N2O Facilitated by Dual Lewis‐Acid Sites
Authors: Cui Chaonan , Jia Yuhan , Lin Shiquan , Geng Lijun , Luo Zhixun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe size dependence of metal cluster reactions frequently reveals valuable information on the mechanism of nanometal catalysis. Here, the reactivity of the Ptn+ (n = 1−40) clusters with N2O is studied and a significant dependence on the size of these clusters is noticed. Interestingly, the small Ptn+ clusters like Pt3+ and Pt4+ are inclined to form N2O complexes; some larger clusters, such as Pt19+, Pt21+, and Pt23+, appear to be unreactive; however, the others such as Pt3,9,15+ and Pt18+ are capable of decomposing N2O. While Pt9+ rapidly reacts with N2O to form a stable quasitetrahedron Pt9O+ product, Pt18+ experiences a series of N2O decompositions to produce Pt18O1‐7+. Utilizing high‐precision theoretical calculations, it is shown how the atomic structures and active sites of Ptn+ clusters play a vital role in determining their reactivity. Cooperative dual Lewis‐acid sites (CDLAS) can be achieved on specific metal clusters like Pt18+, rendering accelerated N2O decomposition via both N‐ and O‐bonding on the neighboring Pt atoms. The influence of CDLAS on the size‐dependent reaction of Pt clusters with N2O is illustrated, offering insights into cluster catalysis in reactions that include the donation of electron pairs.
Massive Electro‐Microfluidic Particle Assembly Patterns in Droplet Array for Information Encoding
Authors: Feng Haoqiang , Shen Shitao , Jin Mingliang , Xiao Mengjie , Liu Mengjun , Zhang Qilin , Jiang Hongwei , Yi Zichuan , Wu WenShuai , Zhou Guofu , Shui Lingling 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe assembly of colloidal particles into micro‐patterns is essential in optics, informatics, and microelectronics. However, it is still a challenge to achieve quick, reversible, and precise assembly patterns within micro‐scale spaces like droplets. Hereby, a method is presented that utilizes in‐plane dielectrophoresis to precisely manipulate particle assemblies within microscale droplets. The electro–microfluidic particle assembly platform, equipped with ingenious electrode designs, enables the formation of diverse micro‐patterns within a droplet array. The tunability, similarity, stability, and reversibility of this platform are demonstrated. The ability to assemble letters, numbers, and Morse code patterns within the droplet array underscores its potential for information encoding. Furthermore, using an example with four addressing electrodes beneath a droplet, 16 distinct pieces of information through electrical stimuli is successfully encoded. This unique capability facilitates the construction of a dynamic electronic token, indicating promising applications in anti‐counterfeiting technologies.
Evaluation of Pharmacokinetics, Immunogenicity, and Immunotoxicity of DNA Tetrahedral and DNA Polymeric Nanostructures
Authors: Guo Yanfei , Huang Yan , Liu Mingxing , Liu Jinjian , Liu Jianfeng , Yang Dayong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDeoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanostructures have been extensively explored in biomedical applications and have emerged as a promising platform for drug delivery, bioanalysis, and therapeutics. Their in vivo behaviors have received much attention, a prerequisite for clinical applications. Herein, the pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and immunotoxicity of two representative DNA nanostructures: DNA tetrahedron (TDN) and DNA nanoparticle (DNP) are studied. The pharmacokinetics of DNA nanostructures are monitored in a mouse model via tracking of 32P radiolabeled, and the half‐lives of TDN and DNP are 9.88 and 19.80 min, respectively. TDN and DNP preferentially accumulate in the liver and kidney in one half‐life and are metabolized through liver, kidney, and excreta after 24 h. Meanwhile, TDN and DNP elicit a weak pro‐inflammatory immune response with low immunogenicity and are non‐immunotoxic, as shown by immunotoxicity evaluation, histopathology, and serum biochemical index analysis. This research shows that the DNA nanostructures of TDN and DNP are safe for biological systems, indicating that TDN and DNP can be developed as promising therapeutic platforms in biomedicine.
Using assessment to help students interrogate AI‐assisted composition
Authors: Dale Daniel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractChatGPT and generative AI (GenAI) are disrupting students’ traditional writing process. Although this development may seem novel, new technologies and writing practices have always affected the classroom, as research in composition shows. Turning to this existing scholarship, I show how composition studies provide a useful framework for thinking about integrating GenAI assignments into all courses. Using an assignment from spring 2023, as an example, I show how assessments that encourage students to compare their embodied composing practices with AI‐assisted composing practices help them see the advantages and disadvantages of both. In the end, students are more aware of how effective composing can involve a variety of synergistic physical and digital tools. Finally, I broaden this specific assignment to show how it can be used as a framework for other assignments across the disciplines.
Digital twins in healthcare: Applications, technologies, simulations, and future trends
Authors: Abd Elaziz Mohamed , Al‐qaness Mohammed A. A. , Dahou Abdelghani , Al‐Betar Mohammed Azmi , Mohamed Mona Mostafa , El‐Shinawi Mohamed , Ali Amjad , Ewees Ahmed A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe healthcare industry has witnessed significant interest in applying DTs (DTs), due to technological advancements. DTs are virtual replicas of physical entities that adapt to real‐time data, enabling predictions of their physical counterparts. DT technology enhances understanding of disease occurrence, enabling more accurate diagnoses and treatments. Integrating emerging technologies like big data, cloud computing, Virtual Reality (VR), and internet‐of‐things (IoT) provides a solid foundation for DT implementation in healthcare. However, defining DTs within the healthcare context still has become increasingly challenging. Therefore, exploring the potential of DTs in healthcare contributes to research, emphasizing their transformative impact on personalized medicine and precision healthcare. In this study, we present diverse healthcare applications of DTs, including healthcare 4.0, cardiac analysis, monitoring and management, data privacy, socio‐ethical, and surgical. Moreover, this paper discusses the software and simulations of DTs that can be used in these applications of healthcare, as well as, the future trends of DTs in healthcare.This article is categorized under:
Application Areas > Health Care
Technologies > Computational Intelligence