bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Final report on supplementary comparison APMP.M.P-S6 in gas gauge pressure from 10 MPa to 100 MPa
Authors: Kajikawa Hiroaki , Olson Douglas A , Iizumi Hideaki , Driver Robert Greg , Kojima Momoko 
Published: March 2016

A supplementary comparison of gas high-pressure standards was conducted between the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ/AIST) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), within the framework of the Asia-Pacific Metrology Programme (APMP), in order to determine their degrees of equivalence in the pressure range from 10 MPa to 100 MPa in gauge mode. The pilot institute was NMIJ/AIST. The measurements were carried out from July 2014 to October 2014. Both participating institutes used pressure balances as their pressure standards. Different gases were used for the pressure medium: NMIJ/AIST used Nitrogen, while NIST used Helium. A set of two pressure monitors was used as the transfer standard. The pressure monitors were found sufficiently stable during the measurements. Characteristics of the pressure monitors were evaluated at the pilot institute, and then used for data corrections and uncertainty estimations. In particular, the effect of the gas medium on the pressure monitors was found to be significant, and then all the measurement data were corrected to those with Nitrogen. The degrees of equivalence between the two institutes were evaluated by the relative differences of the participant's results and their associated expanded (k = 2) uncertainties. The gas pressure standards in the range 10 MPa to 100 MPa for gauge mode of the two participating institutes were found to be equivalent within their claimed uncertainties.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Mode of inheritance for biochemical traits in genetically engineered cotton under water stress
Authors: Abid Muhammad Ali , Malik Waqas , Yasmeen Azra , Qayyum Abdul , Zhang Rui , Liang Chengzhen , Guo Sandui , Ashraf Javaria 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Drought is an abiotic environmental stress that can significantly reduce crop productivity. We examined the mode of inheritance for different biochemical traits including total soluble proteins, chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b , total chlorophyll, carotenoids, total phenolic contents and enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase), and their relationship with Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) toxin under control and drought conditions. Eight genetically diverse cotton genotypes were selfed for two generations to ensure homozygosity. Fifteen F 1 hybrids were developed by crossing five non- Bt female lines with three Bt male testers. The F 1 hybrids and eight parents were finally evaluated under control (100 % field capacity (FC)) and drought (50 % FC) conditions in 2013. The biochemical traits appeared to be controlled by non-additive gene action with low narrow sense heritability estimates. The estimates of general combining ability and specific combining ability for all biochemical traits were significant under control and drought conditions. The genotype-by-trait biplot analysis showed the better performance of Bt cotton hybrids when compared with their parental genotypes for various biochemical traits under control and drought conditions. The biplot and path coefficient analyses revealed the prevalence of different relationships between Cry1Ac toxin and biochemical traits in the control and drought conditions. In conclusion, biochemical traits could serve as potential biochemical markers for breeding Bt cotton genotypes without compromising the optimal level of Bt toxin.
Attract them anyway: benefits of large, showy flowers in a highly autogamous,
carnivorous plant species
Authors: Salces-Castellano A. , Paniw M. , Casimiro-Soriguer R. , Ojeda F. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Reproductive biology of carnivorous plants has largely been studied on species that rely on insects as pollinators and prey, creating potential conflicts. Autogamous pollination, although present in some carnivorous species, has received less attention. In angiosperms, autogamous self-fertilization is expected to lead to a reduction in flower size, thereby reducing resource allocation to structures that attract pollinators. A notable exception is the carnivorous pyrophyte Drosophyllum lusitanicum (Drosophyllaceae), which has been described as an autogamous selfing species but produces large, yellow flowers. Using a flower removal and a pollination experiment, we assessed, respectively, whether large flowers in this species may serve as an attracting device to prey insects or whether previously reported high selfing rates for this species in peripheral populations may be lower in more central, less isolated populations. We found no differences between flower-removed plants and intact, flowering plants in numbers of prey insects trapped. We also found no indication of reduced potential for autogamous reproduction, in terms of either seed set or seed size. However, our results showed significant increases in seed set of bagged, hand-pollinated flowers and unbagged flowers exposed to insect visitation compared with bagged, non-manipulated flowers that could only self-pollinate autonomously. Considering that the key life-history strategy of this pyrophytic species is to maintain a viable seed bank, any increase in seed set through insect pollinator activity would increase plant fitness. This in turn would explain the maintenance of large, conspicuous flowers in a highly autogamous, carnivorous plant.
Comment on stock assessment of eels in the Baltic by Westerberg and Wickström (2015): do we need more unknowns?
Authors: Svedäng Henrik , Cardinale Massimiliano 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
European eel (Anguilla anguilla) is considered as critical endangered and even under the best circumstances it may take decades before the stock recovers. Estimation of eel escapement biomass, Bescapement, is of critical importance to evaluate management schemes and to predict the recovery potential for the eel stock. Westerberg and Wickström (2015. Stock assessment of eels in the Baltic: reconciling survey estimates to achieve quantitative analysis. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73: 75–83) attempt to estimate potential Bescapement based on the assumptions that all elvers at the entrance of the Baltic also migrate into the Baltic Sea and that natural mortality is low under the whole growth stage (close to 0.02 at the age of 10 years and older). As a consequence, Westerberg and Wickström estimated the present potential Bescapement at ∼10–20 000 tonnes and fishing mortality close to 0.05–0.10, while it was also suggested that other sources of anthropogenic mortality may reduce the actual escapement to unknown levels. Here we argue that these conclusions are entirely speculative and contradicted by tagging experiment and fishery data, which instead indicate a much higher fishing mortality (mortality induced by legal professional fishery) rates and a considerably smaller eel biomass.
A rational approach to legacy data validation when transitioning between electronic health record systems
Authors: Pageler Natalie M , Grazier G’Sell Max Jacob , Chandler Warren , Mailes Emily , Yang Christine , Longhurst Christopher A 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective The objective of this project was to use statistical techniques to determine the completeness and accuracy of data migrated during electronic health record conversion.
Methods Data validation during migration consists of mapped record testing and validation of a sample of the data for completeness and accuracy. We statistically determined a randomized sample size for each data type based on the desired confidence level and error limits.
Results The only error identified in the post go-live period was a failure to migrate some clinical notes, which was unrelated to the validation process. No errors in the migrated data were found during the 12- month post-implementation period.
Conclusions Compared to the typical industry approach, we have demonstrated that a statistical approach to sampling size for data validation can ensure consistent confidence levels while maximizing efficiency of the validation process during a major electronic health record conversion.
The gendered international school: barriers to women managers’ progression
Authors: Sanderson Ruth Elizabeth , Whitehead Stephen 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the barriers women identify to their promotion in international schools and also the ways in which women can overcome these barriers.Design/methodology/approach– The field of enquiry is international schools, with the study drawing on qualitative research. The researchers interviewed 11 women from a leading international school in Seoul, South Korea.Findings– The women interviewed provided rich qualitative data and identified a number of barriers relating to culture, including gender stereotyping and self-confidence issues, and organisational behaviour, including the lack of a work-life balance and the patriarchal and hierarchical structures in place. The suggested ways in which women could overcome the barriers included building self-confidence and seeking mentoring.Practical implications– The women also developed a list of factors that any woman would need to contemplate if she is thinking about applying to be a senior manager, including qualifications, communication skills and acknowledging, tolerating and overcoming gender unfairness, in that men do not need to think about the same issues when seeking leadership positions.Originality/value– This paper examines an area of gendered leadership that has received little critical academic scrutiny, international schools and is particularly valuable to women working in these schools. However, its scope extends to all international school leaders who seek to improve the effectiveness of their organisations by employing and promoting the best leaders available.
“If it is dreamable it is doable”: the role of desired job flexibility in imagining the future
Authors: Guglielmi Dina , Chiesa Rita , Mazzetti Greta 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to compare how the dimension of attitudes toward future that consists in perception of dynamic future may be affected by desirable goals (desired job flexibility) and probable events (probable job flexibility) in a group of permanent vs temporary employees. Moreover the aim is to explore the gender differences in respect to variables studied.

Design/methodology/approach
– The data were collected using self-report questionnaires on a sample of 710 employees, of which 63 percent women, 57.2 percent permanent employees, and 42.8 percent fixed-term employees.

Findings
– The results showed that probable job flexibility mediated the relationship between desired job flexibility and the perception of a dynamic professional future. In addition, the type of contract moderated the interaction effect of job mastery on the relationship between desired and probable flexibility. Job mastery, however, has a direct effect on probable flexibility only on women in fixed-term employment.

Research limitations/implications
– The study presented some limitations: the data derived from the self-report questionnaires, respondents participated on a voluntary basis, and the research design was cross-sectional.

Practical implications
– The results of this study could be used to influence guidance practitioners’ decisions on the role of antecedents of future orientation (desired flexibility, probable flexibility, and job mastery) in designing programs and interventions for career management that also take gender into account.

Originality/value
– Overall, these results provided some insight into the relationship between specific guidance actions and goal-oriented career planning.
Assessing the desirability and feasibility of scenarios on eco-efficient transport: a heuristic for efficient stakeholder involvement during foresight processes
Authors: Schippl Jens 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to illustrate and discuss how stakeholder assessment of scenarios can be used to trigger a structured and, therefore, more efficient debate amongst stakeholders about future options for achieving a more eco-efficient transport system in Europe. Particularly, it wants to explore the extent to which a distinction between the desirability and the feasibility of a potential future development can render such debates more rational and transparent.Design/methodology/approach– The paper is based on a project on eco-efficient transport for the Science and Technology Option Assessment panel of the European Parliament (STOA). Key elements of the methods used in the STOA project were easily understandable scenarios and a survey of the main assumptions underlying the scenarios. Both the scenarios and the survey were used in a stakeholder workshop to assess the desirability and the feasibility of approaches towards establishing a more eco-efficient transport system.Findings– The methodological approach proved helpful for collecting a large amount of valuable information in a relative short time. In particular, the distinction between desirability and feasibility was useful in mapping out the patterns of opinion amongst stakeholders and for understanding where there is common ground, where there are differences and what the reasons behind these differences are. It helped in identifying promising pathways towards more eco-efficient transport futures and in getting a better understanding of barriers and of the ways to overcome them.Practical implications– The approach served as the basis for having a well-structured, rational and, thus, efficient debate. In practice, this factor is relevant because stakeholder involvement is crucial when it comes to transitions of socio-technical systems, such as the transport system. Keeping stakeholders motivated to take part in such participatory processes is only possible, however, if they perceive that these processes are well-structured and, therefore, efficient.Originality/value– In contrast to many other scenario-based approaches, the scenarios in this project were understood as an input to the discussion and not as the result of a process. Furthermore, not only the results but also the underlying assumptions of the scenarios were explicitly made a topic for assessment. The differentiation between desirability and feasibility was used as a guiding dimension for the assessment.
ISO 9000 moderation role over supply chain alignment in manufacturing context
Authors: El Mokadem Mohamed 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which International Standardization Organization (ISO) 9000 implementation is associated with better alignment of supply chain activities.

Design/methodology/approach
– This research hypothesized the moderation effect of ISO 9000 over the alignment between customer priorities from one side and supplier selection criteria priorities from the other side. Collected survey data were analyzed using cluster analysis. Then, moderated regression analysis using ordinary least squares was employed to test the study hypotheses.

Findings
– Advanced ISO 9000 implementation moderates the relation between customer priorities and the prioritization of supplier selection criteria with respect to priorities of cost management, total cost of ownership and product flexibility. While, there was no sufficient evidence to the same effect with respect to priorities of logistical flexibility and delivery.

Research limitations/implications
– This research presents a new perspective for researchers to study the extended benefits of ISO 9000 implementation and its moderating effect over supply chain relations. However, the small sample size might limit the ability to generalize the research findings. Further research is required to confirm the research findings using wider sample.

Practical implications
– This research provides practitioners with a path to acknowledge the role of ISO 9000 as a business practice that helps organizations to align their supply chain activities.

Originality/value
– This paper contributes to knowledge by proposing the moderation effect of ISO 9000 implementation on the alignment between customer priorities from one side and the emphasis that organization place on the same priorities while selecting suppliers from the other side.
The perfect fit? Being both volunteer and ethnographer in a UK foodbank
Authors: Garthwaite Kayleigh 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore both volunteer and ethnographer in a Trussell Trust foodbank in Stockton-on-Tees, North East England during a period of welfare reform and austerity. It shows how ethnographic researchers can develop a more effective qualitative understanding of foodbank use through volunteering.Design/methodology/approach– The methodological design was ethnographic both in terms of data collection and analysis. Volunteering and participant observation began in November 2013 and is ongoing. The data presented are derived from field notes of participant observations.Findings– Tensions are present when considering how best to write up ethnographic research when the researcher adopts a “volunteer ethnographer” role. The negotiation of relationships, practices, and emotions requires the researcher to appreciate the complex and “politicized” discourse surrounding foodbank use in order to report how the foodbank operates in an objective yet truly reflective way.Originality/value– There is an expanding research interest in the growth of foodbanks. This paper offers unique insights into the value and tensions of adopting the dual role of “volunteer ethnographer” when researching foodbank use in the UK.
The inspired maverick: Dirty Harry lives on the edge
Authors: Sloane Stephen 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to describe three threshold experience cases where individuals avoid and disobey hierarchy and rules in order to satisfy their own values and aspirations.Design/methodology/approach– Observations of the author as a participant observer, employee, and academic researcher are reported and analyzed.Findings– In each of the three cases, the formal hierarchy was reversed or temporarily dissolved, continuity of tradition was uncertain and outcomes were thrown into doubt. These were liminal situations which involved uncertainty, ambiguity, doubts, and fear as a result of the suspending of organizational structure. The circumstances in which disobedience is most likely to occur are: lack of transparency; conflict between point of view of leaders and individual perception; demands that seem to be unreasonable; individual role in conflict with authoritative expectations.Originality/value– Organizational hierarchy and mandates are designed to produce achievement of management goals. There are, however, circumstances where individual resistance is required in order to achieve desired results.
Participatory methodologies for intersectional research in organisations
Authors: Plowman Penelope J. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore what it means to do intersectional research in an organisational ethnographic case study addressing gender, race, power and change. The main contribution of this paper is a methodological one. The focus is on the relevance and experience of adapting two qualitative research methods – diary study and photographic method.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper describes the design, implementation and impact of the diary and photographic methods. Both research methods combine personal reflection with group dialogue. The case study is framed by feminist analysis of the gendered organisation and examines subjectivities and gender power relations embedded in organisational culture.

Findings
– Insights from the case study indicate the importance of participatory methodologies for deepening organisational research in the context of an organisational ethnography; the adaptability of the diary and photo methods; the effectiveness of open questions for reflecting on race and gender when participants know the research context; the significance of reflexive practice; the importance of a process approach for organisational analysis and change.

Research limitations/implications
– The case study findings are generalisable. The adaptations of the two key methods are applicable for research in practice. The concrete methodologies are significant for intersectional research inside organisations. The choice of intersections to be studied will depend on the research context.

Practical implications
– The case study shows methodological refinements for researching gender, power and difference inside organisations.

Originality/value
– The paper provides methodological insights into how to conduct intersectional and deep organisational research.
Donut time: the use of humor across the police work environment
Authors: Gayadeen S. Marlon , Phillips Scott W. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this research is to examine ritualistic humor or joking that exists in a small, rural police department in Western New York.Design/methodology/approach– Data were collected through participatory observations and interviews during the summer of 2014. Both authors worked in tandem to capitalize on individual expertise to maximize data collection and analyses.Findings– Results suggest that humor is leveraged by officers to socialize, cope and demarcate authority. Depending on the circumstance, humor can be orchestrated or spontaneous, given the intentions of the officer.Originality/value– Humor is an important lens through which to view police behavior. The current research underscores the importance of levity as a gauge of organizational and individual health.
Choosing to lead
Authors: Le Binh P. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– Asian Americans (AAs) are underrepresented in leadership roles in academic libraries in the USA. Instead of exploring the factors contributing to their under-representation, the purpose of this paper is to focus on exploring the major factors that have helped AA academic librarians, albeit small in number, to attain, maintain, and advance further into leadership positions in academic libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
– A survey was conducted to garner responses from AAs who have held or currently hold senior leadership positions in American academic libraries. In total, 12 participants participated in the study: five women and seven men. The participants included three retired deans/directors/university librarians; seven deans/directors/university librarians; one associate dean/associate director/associate university librarian; and one assistant dean/assistant director/assistant university librarian. The participants represented a multiplicity of institutions, including community colleges, Ivy League institutions, and small as well as large private and public universities.

Findings
– The results of the survey revealed several important success characteristics of AA academic library leaders, including wanting to serve, willing to assume leadership roles, taking non-AA traditional career path, seeking visibility, and developing communication skills.

Originality/value
– This is the first and most comprehensive study on AA academic library leaders in the USA. Its goals are to: fill a gap in the literature on AAs and academic library leadership; raise awareness about the challenges facing AAs in their efforts to attain leadership positions in US academic libraries; and highlight some characteristics of successful AA academic library leaders that aspiring AA academic leaders will want to develop.