bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narrativas de Madres acerca de las concepciones y prácticas del cuidado en la primera infancia con discapacidad y su incidencia en la calidad de vida en la localidad de San Cristóbal
Authors: Herrera Alba Viviana 
Published: July 2017

<p>Este artículo es el resultado de la investigación desarrollada en la localidad cuarta San Cristóbal de la ciudad de Bogotá. El objetivo de esta fue comprenderlas concepciones y prácticas de madres acerca del cuidado de niños y niñas con discapacidad en primera infancia y como estas inciden en la calidad de vida de sus familias; a partir de narrativas que permitieron una interpretación significativa y reflexiva sobre la vida cotidiana de las cuidadoras de estas familias que están en constante búsqueda de la garantía de los Derechos Humanos. La investigación fue de carácter cualitativo con enfoque histórico hermenéutico, se realizaron cinco entrevistas semiestructuradas con madres cuidadoras, quienes construyeron sus narrativas a partir de las concepciones y prácticas del cuidado de los niños y niñas con discapacidad, y su incidencia en la calidad de vida. Para comprender las concepciones de las cuidadoras se utilizaron como referentes teóricos a Nussbaum y Sen (1998) y su definición de Calidad de Vida. Asimismo se retoma a Schalock y Verdugo (2011), quienes definen la categoría de Bienestar. Finalmente Nussbaum (2005), que a partir de habilidades: habilidad para un examen crítico de uno mismo y de las propias tradiciones, la destreza que debe poseer el ciudadano y la imaginación narrativa, a partir de la cual se logra comprender las particularidades de cada una de las familias. Dentro de las conclusiones se destaca la sobrecarga del cuidado que las madres deben asumir como único miembro de la familia que asume el cuidado de niños y niñas con discapacidad, lo que implica que ellas dejen de lado su desarrollo personal, laboral, social, encontrando barreras actitudinales que condicionan y pareciera determinar la calidad de vida.</p><div> </div>
Una comparación del gasto por tres niveles de ingreso para Colombia bajo una estimación del sistema de ecuaciones de demanda Working y Leser y del Sistema Lineal de Gasto Extendido 2008
Authors: Talero Bernal Jorge 
Published: July 2017

<p>Una de las preguntas principales de la ciencia económica es la forma de abordar la cuestión sobre la medición de desigualdad y brecha entre la población pobre confrontada a la población de mayores ingresos, diferentes estudios orientan a que siendo una pregunta compleja, existe toda una teoría específica alrededor del tema, una de las formas de la medición es el cálculo de la pobreza monetaria y la forma como la población de una economía se distribuye alrededor de una línea de pobreza o de un salario mínimo.</p><p>El siguiente artículo presenta unas consideraciones teóricas de la teoría clásica de elección racional, que fundamentan dos sistemas de ecuaciones de demanda tradicionales y que se usarán como herramienta para modelar el comportamiento de los hogares colombianos, utilizando información de la encuesta de calidad de vida 2008, para luego relacionar el nivel de vida y condiciones socio-económicas con el gasto en grupos de bienes homogéneos agrupados y el ingreso de la población.</p><p>En particular para el caso colombiano se encontró que el 40% de los hogares son pobres mientras que otro 40% de los hogares apenas tiene un ingreso per-cápita superior a la línea de pobreza pero inferior a un salario mínimo mensual; de esta manera surgen los cuestionamientos sobre el nivel de vida de la población colombiana, el acceso a bienes básicos, el consumo de subsistencia, la brecha socio-económica y la exclusión social.</p><p align="center">ABSTRACT</p><p><strong> </strong>One of the main questions of economics is how to address the issue on the measurement of inequality and gap between the poor confronted with the higher income population, different studies oriented to being a complex question and there is a specific theory around this issue. One way of measurement is the calculation of monetary poverty and how the population of an economy is distributed around a poverty line or minimum wage.</p><p> The following article presents theoretical considerations of the classical theory of rational choice, underlying two traditional systems of demand equations, to be used as a tool to model the behavior of Colombian households, using information from the survey of quality of life 2008, then to relate the standard of living and socio-economic conditions with the expense or income of the population.</p><p> In particular for the Colombian case it shows that 40% of households are poor while another 40% of households only have per-capita income above the poverty line but below the monthly minimum wage; thus the questions about the standard of living of the Colombian population, access to basic homogeneous goods, subsistence consumption, the socio-economic gap and social exclusion arise</p>
Evolutionary Dynamics of Male Reproductive Genes in theDrosophila virilisSubgroup
Authors: Ahmed-Braimah Yasir H , Unckless Robert L , Clark Andrew G 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPostcopulatory sexual selection (PCSS) is a potent evolutionary force that can drive rapid changes of reproductive genes within species, and thus has the potential to generate reproductive incompatibilities between species. Male seminal fluid proteins (SFPs) are major players in postmating interactions, and are important targets of PCSS in males. The virilis subgroup of Drosophila exhibits strong interspecific gametic incompatibilities, and can serve as a model to study the genetic basis of PCSS and gametic isolation. However, reproductive genes in this group have not been characterized. Here we utilize short-read RNA sequencing of male reproductive organs to examine the evolutionary dynamics of reproductive genes in members of the virilis subgroup: D. americana, D. lummei, D. novamexicana, and D. virilis. We find that the majority of male reproductive transcripts are testes-biased, accounting for ∼15% of all annotated genes. Ejaculatory bulb (EB)-biased transcripts largely code for lipid metabolic enzymes, and contain orthologs of the D. melanogaster EB protein, Peb-me, which is involved in mating-plug formation. In addition, we identify 71 candidate SFPs, and show that this gene set has the highest rate of nonsynonymous codon substitution relative to testes- and EB-biased genes. Furthermore, we identify orthologs of 35 D. melanogaster SFPs that have conserved accessory gland expression in the virilis group. Finally, we show that several of the SFPs that have the highest rate of nonsynonymous codon substitution reside on chromosomal regions, which contributes to paternal gametic incompatibility between species. Our results show that SFPs rapidly diversify in the virilis group, and suggest that they likely play a role in PCSS and/or gametic isolation.
Whole-Genome Sequencing and Concordance Between Antimicrobial Susceptibility Genotypes and Phenotypes of Bacterial Isolates Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease
Authors: Owen Joseph R , Noyes Noelle , Young Amy E , Prince Daniel J , Blanchard Patricia C , Lehenbauer Terry W , Aly Sharif S , Davis Jessica H , O’Rourke Sean M , Abdo Zaid , Belk Keith , Miller Michael R , Morley Paul , Van Eenennaam Alison L 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Extended laboratory culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing timelines hinder rapid species identification and susceptibility profiling of bacterial pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease, the most prevalent cause of cattle mortality in the United States. Whole-genome sequencing offers a culture-independent alternative to current bacterial identification methods, but requires a library of bacterial reference genomes for comparison. To contribute new bacterial genome assemblies and evaluate genetic diversity and variation in antimicrobial resistance genotypes, whole-genome sequencing was performed on bovine respiratory disease–associated bacterial isolates (Histophilus somni, Mycoplasma bovis, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Pasteurella multocida) from dairy and beef cattle. One hundred genomically distinct assemblies were added to the NCBI database, doubling the available genomic sequences for these four species. Computer-based methods identified 11 predicted antimicrobial resistance genes in three species, with none being detected in M. bovis. While computer-based analysis can identify antibiotic resistance genes within whole-genome sequences (genotype), it may not predict the actual antimicrobial resistance observed in a living organism (phenotype). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing on 64 H. somni, M. haemolytica, and P. multocida isolates had an overall concordance rate between genotype and phenotypic resistance to the associated class of antimicrobials of 72.7% (P &lt; 0.001), showing substantial discordance. Concordance rates varied greatly among different antimicrobial, antibiotic resistance gene, and bacterial species combinations. This suggests that antimicrobial susceptibility phenotypes are needed to complement genomically predicted antibiotic resistance gene genotypes to better understand how the presence of antibiotic resistance genes within a given bacterial species could potentially impact optimal bovine respiratory disease treatment and morbidity/mortality outcomes.
The Stress-Sensing TORC2 Complex Activates Yeast AGC-Family Protein Kinase Ypk1 at Multiple Novel Sites
Authors: Leskoske Kristin L , Roelants Françoise M , Martinez Marshall Maria Nieves , Hill Jennifer M , Thorner Jeremy 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) target of rapamycin (TOR) complex 2 (TORC2) is a multi-subunit plasma membrane-associated protein kinase and vital growth regulator. Its essential functions are exerted via phosphorylation and stimulation of downstream protein kinase Ypk1 (and its paralog Ypk2). Ypk1 phosphorylates multiple substrates to regulate plasma membrane lipid and protein composition. Ypk1 function requires phosphorylation of Thr504 in its activation loop by eisosome-associated Pkh1 (and its paralog Pkh2). For cell survival under certain stresses, however, Ypk1 activity requires further stimulation by TORC2-mediated phosphorylation at C-terminal sites, dubbed the “turn” (Ser644) and “hydrophobic” (Thr662) motifs. Here we show that four additional C-terminal sites are phosphorylated in a TORC2-dependent manner, collectively defining a minimal consensus. We found that the newly identified sites are as important for Ypk1 activity, stability, and biological function as Ser644 and Thr662. Ala substitutions at the four new sites abrogated the ability of Ypk1 to rescue the phenotypes of Ypk1 deficiency, whereas Glu substitutions had no ill effect. Combining the Ala substitutions with an N-terminal mutation (D242A), which has been demonstrated to bypass the need for TORC2-mediated phosphorylation, restored the ability to complement a Ypk1-deficient cell. These findings provide new insights about the molecular basis for TORC2-dependent activation of Ypk1.
A Gene Implicated in Activation of Retinoic Acid Receptor Targets Is a Novel Renal Agenesis Gene in Humans
Authors: Brophy Patrick D , Rasmussen Maria , Parida Mrutyunjaya , Bonde Greg , Darbro Benjamin W , Hong Xiaojing , Clarke Jason C , Peterson Kevin A , Denegre James , Schneider Michael , Sussman Caroline R , Sunde Lone , Lildballe Dorte L , Hertz Jens Michael , Cornell Robert A , Murray Stephen A , Manak J Robert 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRenal agenesis is a devastating birth defect, and although genes encoding retinoic acid signaling components have been shown to be important for renal...Renal agenesis (RA) is one of the more extreme examples of congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Bilateral renal agenesis is almost invariably fatal at birth, and unilateral renal agenesis can lead to future health issues including end-stage renal disease. Genetic investigations have identified several gene variants that cause RA, including EYA1, LHX1, and WT1. However, whereas compound null mutations of genes encoding α and γ retinoic acid receptors (RARs) cause RA in mice, to date there have been no reports of variants in RAR genes causing RA in humans. In this study, we carried out whole exome sequence analysis of two families showing inheritance of an RA phenotype, and in both identified a single candidate gene, GREB1L. Analysis of a zebrafish greb1l loss-of-function mutant revealed defects in the pronephric kidney just prior to death, and F0 CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis of Greb1l in the mouse revealed kidney agenesis phenotypes, implicating Greb1l in this disorder. GREB1L resides in a chromatin complex with RAR members, and our data implicate GREB1L as a coactivator for RARs. This study is the first to associate a component of the RAR pathway with renal agenesis in humans.
Promoting Early Child Development With Interventions in Health and Nutrition: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vaivada Tyler , Gaffey Michelle F. , Bhutta Zulfiqar A. 
Published: July 2017

CONTEXT:
Although effective health and nutrition interventions for reducing child mortality and morbidity exist, direct evidence of effects on cognitive, motor, and psychosocial development is lacking.

OBJECTIVE:
To review existing evidence for health and nutrition interventions affecting direct measures of (and pathways to) early child development.

DATA SOURCES:
Reviews and recent overviews of interventions across the continuum of care and component studies.

STUDY SELECTION:
We selected systematic reviews detailing the effectiveness of health or nutrition interventions that have plausible links to child development and/or contain direct measures of cognitive, motor, and psychosocial development.

DATA EXTRACTION:
A team of reviewers independently extracted data and assessed their quality.

RESULTS:
Sixty systematic reviews contained the outcomes of interest. Various interventions reduced morbidity and improved child growth, but few had direct measures of child development. Of particular benefit were food and micronutrient supplementation for mothers to reduce the risk of small for gestational age and iodine deficiency, strategies to reduce iron deficiency anemia in infancy, and early neonatal care (appropriate resuscitation, delayed cord clamping, and Kangaroo Mother Care). Neuroprotective interventions for imminent preterm birth showed the largest effect sizes (antenatal corticosteroids for developmental delay: risk ratio 0.49, 95% confidence interval 0.24 to 1.00; magnesium sulfate for gross motor dysfunction: risk ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.44 to 0.85).

LIMITATIONS:
Given the focus on high-quality studies captured in leading systematic reviews, only effects reported within studies included in systematic reviews were captured.

CONCLUSIONS:
These findings should guide the prioritization and scale-up of interventions within critical periods of early infancy and childhood, and encourage research into their implementation at scale.
Papéis ocupacionais e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com dor crônica
Authors: Marini Adriana Maira , Martins Marielza Regina Ismael , Forni Jose Eduardo Nogueira , Filho Gerardo Maria Araujo 
Published: July 2017

Introdução : Os modelos atuais de tratamento de dor crônica reconhecem que fatores psicossociais influenciam a intensidade da dor e repercutem na vida diária.Objetivo: Este estudo buscou identificar os papéis ocupacionais e a qualidade de vida de indivíduos com dor crônica.Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório,de corte transversal com amostra de conveniência (n=45) composta de indivíduos com dor crônica , avaliados por um questionário sociodemográfico e clinico; a Lista de Papéis Ocupacionais( LIPO) e a escala visual analógica(EVA). Para avaliar a qualidade de vida foi usado o questionário genérico Whoqol-bref. Resultados:Dentre os 45 participantes a média de idade foi de 50,6 ±7,6 anos , a maioria casada e do sexo feminino, com média de escolaridade de 7,1 ±1,7 anos . A média do tempo de dor era de 24,5 ±0,9 meses e na EVA a dor foi moderada(6,5 ±2,4). Houve diminuição dos papéis ocupacionais no tempo presente ,com intenção de retomá-los no futuro, exceto no serviço doméstico.Conclusão:Indivíduos com dor crônica perdem papéis ocupacionais que comprometem a qualidade de vida. Estes dados sugerem outros estudos para que haja a possibilidade de comparação.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE DYNAMICS OF CENTRIFUGAL CASTING MACHINES FOR PRODUCTION OF MILL ROLLS
Authors: P. G. Anofriev  
Published: July 2017

Purpose. The main purpose of experimental studies is to establish the adequacy of the developed mathematical models of machine fluctuations and the actual parameters of machine vibration. Almost all casting machines for the production of mill rolls have a unique design and performances. The additional aim of this work is to compare the vibration level of the casting machine with the requirements of the current vibration standards for new technological machines. Frequency analysis of the oscillations allows establishing defects in workmanship, errors of rotating parts installation and their influence on the dynamics of the machine. Methodology. Measurement of vibration parameters was performed on the moving parts of roller bearings of the machine. To measure the amplitudes of accelerations in three mutually perpendicular directions piezoelectric sensors with magnetic mount were used. Electrical signals from the sensors were recorded on magnetic tape. Further analysis of the oscillations was carried out and visualized using specialized frequency analyzer. The frequency analyzer implements the algorithm of fast Fourier transformation and/or integration of sensor input signal. After the first integration the data for plotting the vibration velocity spectrogram were obtained and as a result of the second integration there are the data of vibration displacements spectrogram of the machine supports. Findings. The results of experimental studies of centrifugal casting machine vibrations for the production of two-layer rolls were presented. There were obtained and analyzed the spectrograms of accelerations, velocities and displacements of moving parts of the upper and lower roller supports. The work of the machine is associated with the calculated values passing of critical frequencies and the short-term development of resonance oscillations of the rotor and roller bearings. Originality. For the first time the author obtained the frequency spectra of vibration of an industrial sample of a casting machine. The oscillations with frequencies that differ from the basic rotor frequency were detected. Practical value. Based on the results of the experiment, the actual vibration parameters of the machine in steady state when testing without die-casting the metal were determined. The adequacy of mathematical models of the dynamics of the machine and its industrial model was established. Using the method of one tone the coefficients of vibration velocity distortion of the rotor harmonic, indicating the nonlinear transformations in the system "rotor - bearings" were obtained. It was experimentally established that the vibration parameters of the machine are within the acceptable ranges, regulated by standards for vibroactive machines.
SELECTION OF RATIONAL PARAMETERS OF THE NOMINAL MODE ELECTRIC TRAINS WITH ASYNCHRONOUS TRACTION DRIVE
Authors: Hetman H. K. , Marikutsa S. L. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose. Parameters of the nominal mode are related to the most important performance indicators of traction means, therefore, the problems of choosing their optimal values always inevitably arise when forming technical requirements for a new rolling stock. The paper describes the features of solving the above-mentioned problems for electric trains with an asynchronous traction drive in the case of two-zone and three-zone frequency control of power. Methodology. Power of nominal mode of the rolling stock should be chosen in such a way that it would be possible to realize a predetermined travel time along in the section or the movement speed. On that basis, and also taking into account the fact that the important operational characteristics of electric trains include the acceleration value during the start-up and acceleration at the design speed, we will formulate the problem of determining the nominal power. In the task for a given range of traction, it is necessary to find such a value of the nominal mode power and the corresponding force value to ensure the ability to carry out transportations with the given level of average speed with minimal energy consumption for traction. At the same time, it is necessary to fulfill the following conditions: a) the speed of the electric train on the section does not exceed the established limits; b) it is possible to realize the given values of accelerations. A more detailed consideration of the problem shows that in real conditions, when the starting acceleration and the mass of the train are given, the problem of determining electric train power is practically reduced to determining the optimal value of the nominal mode speed. Findings. The task of choosing the optimal values of the nominal mode speed is solved by determining the electric power consumption with the variation of the possible values of starting speed. Therefore, only those values that ensure the implementation of the given starting and residual accelerations should be taken into account. The work shows that the traction force value increases with the design speed increase and other equal conditions, if the starting speed is increased. Originality. Authors developed the methodology for determining the optimal values of the nominal mode parameters of electric trains with an asynchronous traction drive, with two-zone and three-zone frequency power regulation. Practical value. The above mentioned methodology can be the basis when forming technical requirements for new rolling stock for Ukraine’s railways.
Analysis of repulsed dust from electrostatic curtain using different voltages
Authors: Abdullah M. , Al-Ansari M. , Ayad R. 
Published: July 2017

Naturally dust particles are statically charged, they settle down on different surfaces. Experiments were conducted to study the rolled off dust particles from the surface of an electrostatic curtain. The value of the applied dc voltages to the electrostatic curtain is considered along with the diameters of accumulated dust particles. For this purpose, dust was collected and classified into three categories depending on the values of the particle diameter (20, 40 and 56 µm).
Fluorescence X-Ray results showed that the dust is composed of various elements such as lead, silver, nickel, copper and many others. The presence of those elements on the charged electrostatic curtain depends on their electrical conductivity and molecular weight.