bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conclusion
Authors: Kvangarsnes Marit , Landstad Bodil J. , Bårdsgjerde Elise Kvalsund , Hole Torstein 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe United Nations has warned that there is a lack of progress in reaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), affecting the world’s poorest and most vulnerable people. These global challenges mean that the need for increasing levels of health literacy is more urgent than ever. Our responses to this are covered from a historical perspective in Parts I and II, alongside key aspects relevant to clinical practice and research. A comprehensive model for patient participation with a new perspective relevant to both research and practice is also presented. An overview of relevant qualitative research models is also described: this type of approach may provide a greater in-depth understanding of patients’ experiences of various diseases. Transforming our world for sustainable development requires a systematic and a pedagogical approach to health literacy. To this end, we examine a pedagogical model for building health literacy alongside a strategy to improve supervision. Part III showcases studies to exemplify the importance of health literacy in different non-communicable diseases and from different perspectives. To conclude, we argue that the way forward for health literacy and strategies is to increase the emphasis on this area in current SDGs, and within future policies set for achieving these SDGs. These steps would serve to increase health literacy across the globe.
Konzepte, Herausforderungen und Auswirkungen digitaler Führung und Zusammenarbeit
Authors: Antoni Conny H. , Hellert U. , Latniak Erich 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Einsatz digitaler Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT) und generativer künstlicher Intelligenz revolutioniert die Arbeitsprozesse und verändert die Anforderungen an Führung und Zusammenarbeit. Digitale Führung und Zusammenarbeit, beschreibt Prozesse sozialer Einflussnahme und Interaktion, die über digitale IKT vermittelt wird. Digitale und hybride Arbeitsformen bieten die Chance zur flexiblen und selbstregulierten Arbeitsgestaltung, müssen aber auch die Grenzen zwischen Arbeit und Privatleben wahren. Sie stellen Führungskräfte und Teammitglieder vor die Herausforderung trotz fehlender oder eingeschränkter persönlicher Begegnung, gegenseitiges Vertrauen aufzubauen und alle Teammitglieder effektiv in den Kommunikations- und Arbeitsprozess einzubinden und Belastungen und Ressourcen auszubalancieren. Erfolgreiche digitale Führung und Zusammenarbeit erfordert eine aufeinander abgestimmte Optimierung technischer und sozialer Systeme sowie die Entwicklung von Vertrauen und Selbstregulationskompetenzen. Indirekte Führung und partizipative Entscheidungsfindung sind entscheidend, um die Leistungsfähigkeit und Gesundheit der Teammitglieder zu fördern. Das Verbundprojekt „vLead“ (www.vlead.de) hat in drei Teilprojekten diese Herausforderungen analysiert und folgenden praxisnahe Ansätze zur Unterstützung digitaler Führung und Teamarbeit entwickelt, die in diesem Beitrag zusammenfassend skizziert werden:

Orgacheck zur Analyse des Standes digitaler Führung und Zusammenarbeit im Unternehmen

Teamcheck zur Analyse und Unterstützung für digitaler Teamarbeit

Ideacheck zur Unterstützung digitaler Innovationsprozesse

Ansätze zur Unterstützung und Reflexion der Arbeitsbedingungen operativer Führungskräfte

Kompass – Instrumente zur Entwicklung von Zeitkompetenz und Vertrauen bei digitaler Teamarbeit
vLead-IdeaCheck – eine online Plattform zum Ideenmanagement für Unternehmen
Authors: Antoni Conny H. , Bernardy V. , Niesen A. T. , Trieb Rainer , Grün Ulrike 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungFür die Innovationsfähigkeit eines Unternehmens ist es nicht nur wichtig, dass gute Ideen eingebracht werden. Erst deren transparente Prüfung und gemeinsame Weiterentwicklung führt zu umsetzbaren Innovationen. Digitale Zusammenarbeit kann das Vertrauen und den Austausch zwischen Führungskräften und Teammitgliedern beeinträchtigen, die für die gemeinsame Ideenentwicklung notwendig sind. Zur Lösung dieser Probleme haben wir das Online-Tool IdeaCheck (ideacheck.vlead.de) für das unternehmensweite Ideenmanagement entwickelt, das in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt wird. Ziel des IdeaChecks ist es, Innovationsprozesse transparent zu machen, die hierzu notwendige abteilungsübergreifende Zusammenarbeit und einen fairen und nachvollziehbaren Bewertungsprozess zu unterstützen. Als Online-Tool bietet der IdeaCheck die Möglichkeit, eigene Ideen sichtbar einzubringen und Unterstützer im gesamten Unternehmen zu finden, die diese Idee fördern und vorantreiben. Durch transparente Prozesse, Entscheidungskriterien und Rückmeldungen ermöglicht er Orientierung, welche Schritte zu gehen sind und anhand welcher Kriterien die jeweils zuständigen Gremien eine Idee beurteilen, um so Ideen erfolgreich zu Innovationen zu entwickeln. Zugleich ermöglicht der IdeaCheck als Wissensspeicher einen Überblick darüber, welche Ideen im Unternehmen schon existieren, an welchen mitgearbeitet und die eigene Expertise eingebracht werden kann. Unternehmen können das Tool individuell konfigurieren und die Anzahl der Schritte und Entscheidungen sowie die Art der Entscheidungskriterien für einzelne Unternehmensbereiche, Produkte oder Dienstleistungen festlegen.
Boundary Structure of the Standard Model Coupled to Gravity
Authors: Canepa Giovanni , Cattaneo Alberto S. , Fila-Robattino Filippo , Tecchiolli Manuel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this article a description of the reduced phase space of the standard model coupled to gravity is given. For space or time-like boundaries this is achieved as the reduction of a symplectic space with respect to a coisotropic submanifold and with the BFV formalism. For light-like boundaries the reduced phase space is described as the reduction of a symplectic manifold with respect to a set of constraints. Some results about the Poisson brackets of sums of functionals are also proved.
Constitutive expression of the deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD does not affect microglia phenotype or function in homeostasis and neuroinflammation
Authors: Schramm Eva , Becker Vanessa , Palagi Ilaria , Müller Melanie , Rösler Thomas , Durak Feyza , Ebering Anna , Karram Khalad , von Stebut Esther , Schmeisser Michael J. , Waisman Ari 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD negatively regulates NF-κB signaling by removing activating ubiquitin chains from several members of the NF-κB pathway. Thereby, CYLD is critical for the maintenance and differentiation of various immune cells. Despite the importance of the NF-κB pathway in microglia regulation, the role of CYLD in microglia has not been investigated so far. In this study, we investigated whether CYLD in microglia can protect against neuroinflammation using a newly generated conditional mouse strain (Rosa26-Cyld-tdTomato) that allows cell type-specific CYLD overexpression. Here, we show that overexpression of CYLD in microglia did not alter microglia numbers or microglia morphology in different brain regions. Additionally, CYLD overexpression did not modify the microglial response to LPS-induced neuroinflammation or the disease severity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Finally, also immune cell infiltration into the CNS during EAE and under steady state conditions remained unaffected by microglial CYLD overexpression. Our findings suggest that CYLD overexpression does not alter microglial function, and thus does not represent a viable therapeutic strategy in neuroinflammatory conditions. This study highlights the complexity of ubiquitin-mediated signaling in neuroinflammation and the need for cell-type-specific investigations. The Rosa26-Cyld-tdTomato mouse model offers a valuable tool for studying CYLD’s role across various tissues and cell types.

Key messages

Novel mouse strain for cell type-specific overexpression of the deubiquitinating enzyme CYLD.

CYLD overexpression in microglia did not alter microglia numbers or morphology in the steady state.

CYLD overexpression in microglia did not protect mice from LPS-induced neuroinflammation or EAE.

CYLD overexpression in microglia did not influence their gene expression during neuroinflammation.
An integrated multi-omics analysis of the effects of the food processing-induced contaminant 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD) in rat heart
Authors: Cayer Lucien G. J. , Buhrke Thorsten , Roberts Jennifer , Nunnikhoven Andrée , Sommerkorn Katharina , Reinhold Anna , Braeuning Albert , Raju Jayadev , Aukema Harold M. , Karakach Tobias 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMany foods including edible oils contain 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD), a processing-induced chemical contaminant. Cardiotoxic effects have been shown to result from oral 2-MCPD exposure in rodents, but the underlying mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. We undertook a comprehensive multi-omics approach to assess changes at the transcriptomic, proteomic, and oxylipin levels in heart tissues from male F344 rats that were exposed to 0 or 40 mg/kg BW/day of 2-MCPD in the diet for 90 days, in a regulatory compliant rodent bioassay. Heart tissues were collected for RNA sequencing, quantitative PCR analysis, proteomic analysis via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, and targeted lipidomic profiling by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). Transcriptomic and proteomic data analyses revealed upregulation of immune/inflammatory response processes and downregulation of energy metabolism and cardiac structure and functions. Among differentially expressed gene–protein pairs, coronin-1A, a key leukocyte-regulating protein, emerged as markedly up-regulated. Oxylipin profiling highlighted a selective suppression of docosahexaenoic acid-derived metabolites, suggesting a disruption in cardioprotective lipid pathways. These findings suggest that 2-MCPD disrupts homeostasis through inflammatory activation and suppression of metabolic and cardiac function. This research provides insights into 2-MCPD's cardiotoxicity, emphasizing the need for further studies to support hazard characterization.
Reliability of brain volume measures of accelerated 3D T1-weighted images with deep learning-based reconstruction
Authors: Jung Woojin , Jeong Geunu , Kim Sohyun , Hwang Inpyeong , Choi Seung Hong , Jeon Young Hun , Choi Kyu Sung , Lee Ji Ye , Yoo Roh-Eul , Yun Tae Jin , Kang Koung Mi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The time-intensive nature of acquiring 3D T1-weighted MRI and analyzing brain volumetry limits quantitative evaluation of brain atrophy. We explore the feasibility and reliability of deep learning-based accelerated MRI scans for brain volumetry.

Methods
This retrospective study collected 3D T1-weighted data using 3T from 42 participants for the simulated acceleration dataset and 48 for the validation dataset. The simulated acceleration dataset consists of three sets at different simulated acceleration levels (Simul-Accel) corresponding to level 1 (65% undersampling), 2 (70%), and 3 (75%). These images were then subjected to deep learning-based reconstruction (Simul-Accel-DL). Conventional images (Conv) without acceleration and DL were set as the reference. In the validation dataset, DICOM images were collected from Conv and accelerated scan with DL-based reconstruction (Accel-DL). The image quality of Simul-Accel-DL was evaluated using quantitative error metrics. Volumetric measurements were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and linear regression analysis in both datasets. The volumes were estimated by two software, NeuroQuant and DeepBrain.

Results
Simul-Accel-DL across all acceleration levels revealed comparable or better error metrics than Simul-Accel. In the simulated acceleration dataset, ICCs between Conv and Simul-Accel-DL in all ROIs exceeded 0.90 for volumes and 0.77 for normative percentiles at all acceleration levels. In the validation dataset, ICCs for volumes > 0.96, ICCs for normative percentiles > 0.89, and R2 > 0.93 at all ROIs except pallidum demonstrated good agreement in both software.

Conclusion
DL-based reconstruction achieves clinical feasibility of 3D T1 brain volumetric MRI by up to 75% acceleration relative to full-sampled acquisition.
MRI analysis of the physiological patellofemoral joint morphology of adult knees
Authors: Meier Marc-Pascal , Hochrein Yara , Seitz Mark-Tilmann , Roch Paul Jonathan , Jäckle Katharina , Seif Amir Hosseini Ali , Lehmann Wolfgang , Hawellek Thelonius 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the present study was to determine physiological reference values for the morphology of the patella and to analyse these parameters according to patella position in healthy knee joints.

Material and methods
Healthy knee joints of 409 patients (mean age, 52.3 years [± 16.8]) were analysed retrospectively on MRI images for Insall-Salvati index (ISI), sagittal patella thickness (PTS) and patella length (PLS) as well as axial patella thickness (PTA) and patella width (PWA). Differences between patellar diameters were analysed depending on ISI, side, age and gender.

Results
Mean PTS was 20.1 mm (± 2.4), PLS 44.0 mm (± 4.4), PTA 21.8 mm (± 2.4) and PWA 44.5 mm (± 4.7). Depending on the vertical patellar position (ISI), all patellar parameters (p < 0.01) showed significant differences between patients with a patella alta, norma and baja. In general, a smaller ISI showed higher measured values for the patellar parameters. There were no significant differences for the laterality. Only PTS showed a significant age difference (p = 0.031). All parameters were significantly larger in male compared to female knees (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Reference parameters for the patella morphology are reported. Concluding from the results, a relationship between vertical patellar position and patellar morphology seems to exist. This finding should be taken into account in diagnostics and therapy of patella disorders.
Investigation on sulfonated PVC/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)/polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) polymer blends as proton-conducting membrane
Authors: Elerian Ahmed F. , Mohamed AbdAllah A. , Elnaggar Elsayed M. , Abdel-Naeem Gamal , Abu-Saied M. A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe design and development of cost-effective and increased methanol permeable and proton-conductive membranes are critical concerns in the fabrication of polymeric electrolyte membranes (PEM). A solution-casting process was used to create a low-cost PEM based on sulfonated polyvinyl chloride (SPVC)-Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) blended with varying concentrations of Poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS). The contact angle, oxidative stability, swelling ratio, water uptake, and methanol uptake of SPVC/PMMA/PSS membranes were investigated as a function of PSS molar ratio. FT-IR examination, 1H NMR spectra, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope micrographs were additionally utilized for confirming the chemical structure, morphology, and thermal stability of SPVC/PMMA/PSS membranes. Furthermore, the ion exchange capacity (IEC), proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of SPVC/PMMA/PSS membranes were investigated depending on the PSS concentration. The results showed a significant increase in proton conductivity from 1.80 × 10–2 for SPVC/PMMA/1%PSS to 4.7 × 10–2 S/cm for SPVC/PMMA/5%PSS at ambient temperature. On the other hand, the methanol permeability (P = 8.53 × 10–8 cm2/s) was noticeably lower than that of Nafion 117 (3.39 × 10–6 cm2/s). Additionally, the IEC of the manufactured membrane was 1.38 ± 0.7 meq g−1 for SPVC/PMMA/5%PSS compared to 0.91 meq g−1 for Nafion 117 membranes. The maximum water uptake of the synthesized membranes was 48.37 ± 2.27%, whereas Nafion 117 membrane absorption was 65.44%. According to conductivity studies and the membrane efficiency factor, the ideal PSS content in a polymer matrix is 4 wt.%. Finally, the developed SPVC/PMMA/PSS polyelectrolytic membranes show improvements in essential properties such as methanol permeability, proton conductivity, and IEC when combined with low-cost materials, making them an attractive contender as PEM for DMFCs.
Graphical abstract
Atmospheric patterns associated with summer sub-daily rainfall extremes in western Europe
Authors: Whitford Anna C. , Blenkinsop Stephen , Fowler Hayley J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLarge-scale atmospheric circulations are a significant driver of rainfall extremes. However, little attention has so far been devoted to understanding how large-scale circulation patterns influence sub-daily rainfall extremes. Using a gauge-based sub-daily rainfall dataset, we investigate the relationship between large-scale circulations and 3-hour extremes (defined here as ≥ 40 mm rainfall in 3 h) for western Europe. A set of 30 weather patterns (WPs) developed by the UK Met Office and reanalysis data of geopotential height at 500 hPa (z500) are used to represent large-scale atmospheric conditions. Strong associations with 3-hour extremes are found for a small number of WPs: over 50% of 3-hour rainfall extremes across Western Europe occur with just 5 WPs. Composites of z500 reveal the WPs resulting in southerly or south-westerly flow along the leading edge of a trough, accompanied by a ridge to the east or northeast, are most favourable for sub-daily rainfall extremes, with a statistically significant difference between the atmospheric conditions on WP days with a 3-hour extreme rainfall event compared to WP non-event days. Given that large-scale circulations are predictable much further in advance than individual extreme rainfall events, these identified relationships could therefore have important implications for forecasting, aiding in the early identification of periods with increased risk of short-duration rainfall extremes.
Vaskulitische Beteiligung der Skelettmuskulatur und des peripheren Nervensystems: Klinische und neuropathologische Perspektive
Authors: Ruffer Nikolas , Kleefeld Felix , Holzer Marie-Therese , Krusche Martin , Kötter Ina , Schneider Udo , Stenzel Werner 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDas periphere Nervensystem ist ein häufiges Zielorgan von systemischen Vaskulitiden. Daneben kann auch die Skelettmuskulatur betroffen sein. Myalgien, Paresen und Sensibilitätsstörungen sind in diesem Zusammenhang typische Krankheitszeichen, die zu schwerwiegenden Funktionseinschränkungen und einer Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität führen können. Eine vaskulitische Affektion der Skelettmuskulatur (vaskulitische Myopathie, VM) und peripherer Nerven (vaskulitische Neuropathie, VN) tritt vorwiegend bei der Polyarteriitis nodosa und Kleingefäßvaskulitiden auf. Die VM präsentiert sich mit erhöhten Entzündungsparametern und ist typischerweise durch immobilisierende Myalgien mit normwertiger Kreatinkinaseaktivität und diffuse oder fleckige Hyperintensitäten in der T2-Wichtung in der MRT-Bildgebung gekennzeichnet („MRT-Myositis ohne Myositis“). Bei der VN entwickeln sich vorwiegend im Bereich der unteren Extremität sensomotorische Defizite im Versorgungsgebiet mehrerer peripherer Nerven (z. B. Mononeuritis multiplex) mit akuter bis subakuter Anamnese. Die histopathologische Untersuchung von Nerven- und Muskelbiopsien ist der Goldstandard für die Diagnose vaskulitischer Manifestationen und hat einen bedeutsamen Einfluss auf das therapeutische Vorgehen.
Single-cell transcriptomics reveal distinctive patterns of fibroblast activation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Lanzer Jan D. , Wienecke Laura M. , Ramirez Flores Ricardo O. , Zylla Maura M. , Kley Celina , Hartmann Niklas , Sicklinger Florian , Schultz Jobst-Hendrik , Frey Norbert , Saez-Rodriguez Julio , Leuschner Florian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInflammation, fibrosis and metabolic stress critically promote heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Exposure to high-fat diet and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N[w]-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) recapitulate features of HFpEF in mice. To identify disease-specific traits during adverse remodeling, we profiled interstitial cells in early murine HFpEF using single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq). Diastolic dysfunction and perivascular fibrosis were accompanied by an activation of cardiac fibroblast and macrophage subsets. Integration of fibroblasts from HFpEF with two murine models for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) identified a catalog of conserved fibroblast phenotypes across mouse models. Moreover, HFpEF-specific characteristics included induced metabolic, hypoxic and inflammatory transcription factors and pathways, including enhanced expression of Angiopoietin-like 4 (Angptl4) next to basement membrane compounds, such as collagen IV (Col4a1). Fibroblast activation was further dissected into transcriptional and compositional shifts and thereby highly responsive cell states for each HF model were identified. In contrast to HFrEF, where myofibroblast and matrifibrocyte activation were crucial features, we found that these cell states played a subsidiary role in early HFpEF. These disease-specific fibroblast signatures were corroborated in human myocardial bulk transcriptomes. Furthermore, we identified a potential cross-talk between macrophages and fibroblasts via SPP1 and TNFɑ with estimated fibroblast target genes including Col4a1 and Angptl4. Treatment with recombinant ANGPTL4 ameliorated the murine HFpEF phenotype and diastolic dysfunction by reducing collagen IV deposition from fibroblasts in vivo and in vitro. In line, ANGPTL4, was elevated in plasma samples of HFpEF patients and particularly high levels associated with a preserved global-longitudinal strain. Taken together, our study provides a comprehensive characterization of molecular fibroblast activation patterns in murine HFpEF, as well as the identification of Angiopoietin-like 4 as central mechanistic regulator with protective effects.
The efficacy of mifepristone-misoprostol regimen versus misoprostol-only for medication abortion at 22 + 0/7 to 30 + 0/7 weeks’ gestation
Authors: Touval Or , Ellert Avital , Daykan Yair , Schonman Ron , Klein Zvi , Yagur Yael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to compare duration of medication abortion after pretreatment with mifepristone versus misoprostol-only regimens at 22 + 0/7 to 30 + 0/7 weeks.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included patients admitted for medication abortion from 2014 to 2022. Patients underwent feticide due to genetic or anatomical abnormalities at gestational age of 22 + 0/7 to 30 + 0/7 weeks. Excluded from this study were patients admitted at gestational age < 22 + 0/7 or > 30 + 0/7 weeks, with multiple gestation, with diagnosis of intrauterine fetal demise before feticide, with contraindication for vaginal delivery, and who were administered a medical regimen other than the mifepristone-misoprostol or misoprostol-only protocol. Information collected included patients’ demographics, clinical outcomes, additional procedural interventions, and complications. Data of patients treated with mifepristone-misoprostol versus misoprostol-only were compared.

Results
The study group included 46 patients in the mifepristone-misoprostol group and 35 in the misoprostol-only group. Median interval from first dose of misoprostol to fetal expulsion was shorter in the mifepristone-misoprostol group (10.6 vs. 15.3 h; p = 0.007) with shorter duration of hospitalization (3.5 ± 1.1 vs. 4.1 ± 1.2 days; p = 0.013). Study groups did not differ in terms of complications. Patients in the mifepristone-misoprostol group had a younger gestational age (23.8 ± 1.69 vs. 25.37 ± 2.4 weeks; p = 0.002). However, multivariable Cox regression found that mifepristone was independently associated with shorter abortion time (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.03–2.9, p = 0.03).

Conclusion
Medication abortion with mifepristone-misoprostol was associated with shorter time to fetal expulsion at gestational ages 22 + 0/7 to 30 + 0/7 weeks, compared with misoprostol-only regimen.