bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Vouloir de la politique »
Authors: Rivoal Isabelle 
Published: November 2015

Comme dans l’ensemble du monde arabe, la jeunesse au Liban désigne une période de la vie située entre l’enfance et l’âge d’homme qu’inaugurent généralement le mariage, la naissance des enfants et l’ouverture de sa propre maison. Dans cette société marquée par le confessionnalisme, la jeunesse se singularise toutefois par sa très forte politisation. À partir d’une ethnographie de la socialisation partisane des jeunes druzes, l’article montre comment les jeunes se « détachent » de leur positionnement familial pour devenir « l’armée du président [Walid Joumblatt] ». Les jeunes s’investissent alors dans les camps de vacances, les instances universitaires, les réunions du parti pour « apprendre » la politique : cet apprentissage passe par la lecture des écrits de Kamal Joumblatt, les discussions politiques, l’implication dans les activités partisanes, la « surveillance » du territoire, la disponibilité pour rendre visible la présence du parti. Alors que la relation entre les chefs de famille et Walid Joumblatt, le seigneur (bek) de la Montagne, est extrêmement codifiée lors des visites traditionnelles, la relation entre Walid Joumblatt, en tant que président du PSP, et les jeunes est marquée par la familiarité et la complicité. Le leader politique est un « oncle maternel » qui inspire et qui guide les jeunes, prêts à mourir pour lui, tandis qu’il est prêt, de son côté, à mourir pour la « cause » qu’il représente.
Ni enfants, ni adultes
Authors: Champy Muriel 
Published: November 2015

À partir d’une enquête menée au Burkina Faso auprès d’individus vivant dans la rue — qui s’autodésignent par le terme « bakoroman » —, cet article pose la question des statuts communément associés aux différents âges de la vie. En plus de partager un ensemble de pratiques et de modes de sociabilité, les bakoroman se présentent comme un groupe d’âge relativement homogène qui correspondrait à la période de transition entre l’enfance et l’âge adulte. Marqué par l’indétermination et l’inachèvement, cet âge recouvre à leurs yeux une capacité d’action distinctive que les bakoroman ont appris à exploiter. À l’encontre d’idées reçues et de perspectives surplombantes sur les catégories d’âge, cette ethnographie de la « jeunesse de rue » burkinabè explore la notion de liminarité appliquée à cet âge « entre-deux ». Ni enfance, ni âge adulte, la jeunesse est ici redéfinie comme une parenthèse, un « moment » de liberté et d’explorations situé entre l’insouciance de l’enfant et les responsabilités de l’adulte.
Le corps des shabâb
Authors: Poujeau Anna 
Published: November 2015

En Syrie, la catégorie des shabâb (jeunes), particulièrement étendue et floue, désigne des hommes âgés d’environ 15 à 45 ans. Si ni l’âge calendaire (indiqué par la date de naissance), ni les rôles endossés au fil de l’existence par l’individu dans son groupe de parenté (époux, père, etc.) ne suffisent à qualifier le statut ou la position de shab (jeune), doit-on alors se demander en quoi consiste cette catégorie sociale, de nature temporelle, et quelle place occupent les shabâb dans le groupe qui par ailleurs les définit largement, soit en Syrie leur groupe d’appartenance religieuse ? Pour répondre à ces questions, cet article s’intéresse aux shabâb d’une communauté chrétienne grecque orthodoxe et catholique du quartier de Bâb Tûmâ de Damas et du village de Maclûlâ à partir de l’analyse comparée de deux rituels majeurs qui placent les shabâb au cœur de l’événement, en célébrant et en insistant sur deux traits qui les caractérisent : la jeunesse et la masculinité.
Jeunes hommes des classes populaires à Larache
Authors: Juntunen Marko 
Published: November 2015

Cet article s’attache à comprendre la condition de « jeune » au Maroc, dans le contexte particulier des populations défavorisées. Âgés de 20 à 30 ans, les hommes sur lesquels porte l’étude sont qualifiés de « jeunes » parce qu’encore célibataires, sous-employés et vivant chez leurs parents. C’est leur propre point de vue sur leur « condition » qui est présenté dans ce texte. Ces jeunes hommes donnent un sens à leur situation en mobilisant les notions de duruf (les conditions) et de dabbar (se débrouiller) dans le contexte de la ville côtière de Larache, centre névralgique de la migration illégale vers l’Espagne. Cette tentation de l’aventure et ses dangers constituent en effet l’horizon ultime pour affirmer sa virilité et se construire, enfin, un futur (mustaqbal) qui permette de devenir un homme.
Actores políticos y sociales de los telediarios: Una tarea pendiente de las televisoras mexicanas
Authors: Martinez Garza Francisco Javier , González Macías Rubén Arnoldo , Miranda Villanueva Oscar Mario 
Published: November 2015

A pesar de que la televisión abierta es el principal medio de comunicación en México, su oferta informativa en el ámbito político es limitada; puesto que sus noticieros tienden a destacar la versión oficial por encima de otras fuentes de información. Metodología: Para demostrar lo anterior, se recurrió a un análisis de contenido en el que se midió cuáles son los personajes de la política nacional que destacan dichos programas, qué tan diversos son y con qué frecuencia son presentados. Además del tratamiento estadístico común en esta técnica, los resultados fueron sometidos al Índice Gini, que mide el grado de desigualdad en la distribución – en este caso – del tiempo otorgado a cada actor político. Resultados: Los resultados que se discutirán a lo largo de este texto indican que los personajes mayormente representados pertenecen al Gobierno Federal y, en menor medida, al Poder Legislativo y al Gobierno Estatal. Asimismo, y dado que es el partido gobernante, el Partido Revolucionario Institucional es el que mayor presencia tiene en comparación con los otros institutos políticos. Por tanto, no resulta inesperado que los principales temas abordados en las noticias hayan sido la economía, seguridad y política; puesto que son justamente los temas incluidos en la agenda de los actores políticos. Conclusiones: Esta situación refuerza la tesis de la falta de modernización del periodismo mexicano, caracterizado por la ausencia de investigación periodística y por ceder el control de la agenda al gobierno, principalmente el federal.
Reconstrucción virtual del palacio medieval de Pedro I en los Reales Alcázares de Sevilla: the architect´s cut
Authors: Rodríguez Moreno Concepción 
Published: November 2015

<p>Obviously, we cannot do a rigorous and scientific reading of our Architectural Heritage without an adequate archaeological and historical analysis but always it is not so clear that we should also assess factors that differentiate the architecture itself from other artistic productions: the functionality, the logic of space composition, the importance of light, color and beauty, the meanings and emotions that architecture should have transmitted, etc. We believe that the study of historic architecture that has been done, and partly still is, does not provide the requirements for fully understand the architectural phenomena of a certain age. The sensitive and vital view of the architects, with all the subjectivity that it implies, is often forgotten.</p>
Combinación de módulos en la metrología clásica
Authors: Roldán Francisco 
Published: November 2015

<p>The results obtained in the graphic analysis of the modulation of the Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo building in Granada, Spain, (ROLDÁN, 2011) have provided new insights to further approach the research on possible use the double-scale in historical monumental architecture. We propose the characterization of the singularities of the system, from the implications and graphic representation required by the metrological scheme identified, as well as the variety of typologies that are presented in their modular frames, and the iterative combination of two-scale modules which allow operational approximations to fractions and ratios not explicitly present in the system.</p>
Il santuario di Giove Anxur a Terracina. Una ricostruzione tipologica come ausilio alla visita in situ
Authors: Gabellone Francesco 
Published: November 2015

<p>The reconstructive study of Giove Anxur sanctuary in Terracina (Lazio, Italy) is part of a wider valorization project to develop a musealization intervention that provides in-site visit, aimed at understanding the existents archaeological structures and to the creation of digital contents and multimedia solutions useful to stimulate the curiosity and interest of the visitors. The entire project was done in collaboration with the Archaeological Superintendence of Lazio, the Officina Rambaldi and the Syremont spa, in order to make a digital movie that describes the historical and archaeological features of one the most important republican sanctuaries in central Italy. The planimetric reconstruction returns the spatial sense and architectural complexity of the various levels on which articulates the original path of cult.</p>
La recuperación y restauración de la pintura mural romana en el sureste español
Authors: Santiago Godos Victoria 
Published: November 2015

<p>Recovery of the Roman wall painting in the southeast Spanish is done, by a party's own excavations in the archaeological site, where you can find this mural in two ways, still located in the walls of Roman villas or at the foot of these walls collapsed, fragmented and even buried, making it necessary cooperation in the recovery work of the archaeologist and restorer. You can also recall Roman wall paintings in the collections of archaeological museums, as many boxes remain innumerable multitude of fragments of mural pieces found in excavations and record stored there pending further study, grading and restoration. Examples of the above are discussed.</p>
Visualización virtual de la Quintilla
Authors: Flores Gutiérrez Mariano , Romero Soria Álvaro , Martínez García Juan , Ramallos Asensio Sebastián F. , Fernández Díaz Alicia 
Published: November 2015

<p>In this article we give an overview of the production process of the virtual reconstrucción virtual archeology. While Referring to the Roman town of Lorca Limerick show the proper steps virtualizatión purchase.</p>
Reconstrucción Virtual de la Villa Romana de la Quintilla de Lorca a partir de las evidencias físicas existentes sobre dicha construcción así como de referencias comparativas científicamente razonadas
Authors: Ramallos Asensio Sebastián F. , Fernández Díaz Alicia , Flores Gutiérrez Mariano , Romero Soria Álvaro , Martínez García Juan 
Published: November 2015

<p>The virtual reconstruction of archaeological sites using computer graphics is a very important tool for the verification or refutation of hypotheses in scientific research. It also is an excellent way to spread awareness Heritage with realistic images of scientific rigor.</p>
Computer Simulation of Multidimensional Archaeological Artefacts
Authors: Moitinho de Almeida Vera , Barceló Juan Anton 
Published: November 2015

<p>The main purpose of this ongoing research is to understand possible function(s) of archaeological artefacts through Reverse Engineering processes. In addition, we intend to provide new data, as well as possible explications of the archaeological record according to what it expects about social activities and working processes, by simulating the potentialities of such actions in terms of input-output relationships. Our project focuses on the Neolithic lakeside site of La Draga (Banyoles, Catalonia). In this presentation we will begin by providing a clear overview of the major guidelines used to capture and process 3D digital data of several wooden artefacts. Then, we shall present the use of semi-automated relevant feature extractions. Finally, we intend to share preliminary computer simulation issues.</p>
The Growth Effects of R&D Spending in the EU: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kokko Ari , Tingvall Patrik Gustavsson , Videnord Josefin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this paper we conduct a meta-analysis to examine the link between R&D spending and economic growth in the EU and other regions. The results suggest that the growth-enhancing effect of R&D in the EU15 countries does not differ from that in other countries in general, but it is less significant than that for other industrialized countries. A closer inspection of the data reveals that the weak results for the EU15 stem from comparisons with the US – the US has been able to generate a stronger growth response from its R&D spending. Possible explanations for the US advantage include higher private sector investment in R&D and stronger public-private sector linkages than in the EU. Hence, to reduce the “innovation gap” vis-à-vis the US, it may not be enough for the EU to raise the share of R&D expenditures in GDP: continuous improvements in the European innovation system will also be needed, with focus on areas like private sector R&D and public-private sector linkages.
EFFECTS OF BLEND RATIO AND SBR TYPE ON PROPERTIES OF SILICA-FILLED SBR/NR TIRE TREAD COMPOUNDS
Authors: Sae-oui Pongdhorn , Suchiva Krisda , Thepsuwan Uthai , Intiya Wenussarin , Yodjun Pram , Sirisinha Chakrit 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
The influences of blend ratio between SBR and NR and SBR type, emulsion SBR (E-SBR) and solution SBR (S-SBR), on properties of silica-filled passenger car tire tread–based compounds were investigated. Results reveal that, with increasing NR proportion, cure time and most mechanical and dynamic properties, for example, tensile strength, tear strength, modulus, abrasion resistance, and wet skid resistance of the compounds and vulcanizates, are reduced, whereas the improvements in elongation at break and crack growth resistance are observed. The unexpectedly impaired mechanical and dynamic properties identified in the presence of NR are mainly caused by thermal degradation of NR taking place during the mixing process at high temperature. Compared with E-SBR, S-SBR provides superior properties in many aspects, that is, higher modulus and greater abrasion and wet skid resistances as well as lower heat buildup and rolling resistance. However, E-SBR gives greater tear strength than S-SBR.
Effect of the association of diet, omega-three, and antioxidants in dogs with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Valle Pillar Gomide do , Veado Júlio César Cambraia , Anjos Tathiana Mourão dos , Tassini Luiz Eduardo Souza de , Ferreira Luiz Fernando Lucas , Lucas Leonardo De Freitas 
Published: November 2015

<p> </p><p><span><span>Para avaliar a contribuição da combinação de drogas de ômega-3, vitamina E, selenito de sódio, gluconato de cobre, gluconato de zinco, sulfato de condroitina, glucosamina e (Gerioox®), 12 cães com doença renal crônica (DRC) em atendimento clínico ambulatorial no Foram estudados hospital veterinário de uma instituição federal de ensino superior. </span><span>Contagens completas de sangue, urinálise, medições da concentração sérica de cálcio, fósforo, ureia e creatinina, e os cálculos da proteína urinária de creatinina (UPC) e taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) foram realizados antes do início da experiência (T0) e depois 30 (T1), 90 (T2), e 120 dias (T3). </span><span>Houve uma correlação negativa significativa (P &lt;0,05) entre o TFG ea UPC e entre o TFG ea uréia e creatinina séricas (quando a GFR foi alta, a UPC, uréia e creatinina séricas foram diminuídos). </span><span>A melhora foi observada no estado clínico dos pacientes estudados, conforme relatado pelos seus proprietários, que indicaram uma melhoria na vitalidade e apetite, e pela observação clínica, que mostrou melhora no estado geral de saúde, casaco, e os parâmetros analisados. </span><span>A combinação de omega-3, a vitamina E, o selenito de sódio, gluconato de cobre, gluconato de zinco, sulfato de condroitina, glucosamina e encontrado em Gerioox® provou ser um adjuvante importante no tratamento conservador de cães com DRC, causando um aumento na taxa de filtração glomerular com uma redução na proteinúria. </span><span>Este resultado indica que houve uma melhoria na qualidade de excreção, e não um aumento na excreção de si, o que é um resultado do efeito indesejado de aumento da pressão glomerular.</span></span></p>
Acúmulo de óleo em sementes de soja cultivadas in vitro e in vivo
Authors: Bruno José Leonardo , Silva Helder Rodrigues da , Massaro Junior Fernando Luiz , Prete Cássio Egidio Cavenaghi 
Published: November 2015

<p>A semente de soja apresenta, cerca de 20% da sua massa seca em óleo e 40% em proteína. Esse teor de óleo pode sofrer influência perante as condições ambientais durante o enchimento das sementes, produzindo modificações na sua composição bioquímica. Em condições de cultivo <em>in vivo </em>é difícil controlar esse fator. Nesse sentido, o cultivo <em>in vitro </em>vem auxiliar a pesquisa, pois a semente fica isolada da planta mãe em ambiente controlado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os teores de óleo das cultivares BRS 184 e BRS 282 cultivadas <em>in vitro </em>e <em>in vivo</em>. O cultivo <em>in vivo </em>ocorreu em casa de vegetação em vasos com a coleta de sementes no estádio R8, e o cultivo <em>in vitro</em>, em laboratório, utilizando sementes imaturas removidas da planta mãe no estádio R5 e cultivadas em meio de cultura líquido contendo 20 mM, 40 mM e 60 mM de glutamina, e concentração de sacarose de 204,5 mM, com agitação constante por oito dias à temperatura de 25 ± 0,2 ºC. Decorrido o tempo para o cultivo <em>in vitro </em>foi avaliado o ganho de massa de matéria fresca das sementes, e após, em ambos os experimentos, foi determinado o teor de óleo para o cultivo em R5, e para R8. O acúmulo de óleo nas sementes de soja apresenta interações complexas, variando entre genótipo e condições ambientais tanto no cultivo <em>in vivo </em>quanto <em>in vitro. </em>Há correlação positiva entre ganho de massa e teor de óleo nas sementes. </p><p><strong> </strong></p>
The Perceived Deficits Questionnaire
Authors: Strober Lauren B. , Binder Allison , Nikelshpur Olga M. , Chiaravalloti Nancy , DeLuca John 
Published: November 2015

Background: Cognitive dysfunction affects approximately 43% to 70% of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is an important determinant of several functional outcomes in MS and quality of life. Brief neuropsychological test batteries have been developed specifically for use in MS and are widely used to aid clinicians in assessing levels of cognitive impairment in MS. Neuropsychologists and neurologists also frequently use briefer screening measures, such as the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire (PDQ), to assist in determining whether a more extensive neuropsychological evaluation is warranted. However, despite the ease of such measures, the relationship between self-report and objective cognitive impairment has been inconsistent, at best. Moreover, factors such as depression, fatigue, anxiety, and personality have been found to be more related to reports of cognitive difficulties. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the relationship between subjective cognitive concerns and objective cognitive impairment while accounting for related symptoms.
Methods: We examined the association of self-reported cognitive concerns on the PDQ with objective cognitive measures, as well as depression, anxiety, fatigue, and self-efficacy.
Results: There was no relationship between self-reported cognitive concerns and objective performance. Rather, reports on the PDQ were more correlated with reports of depression, anxiety, fatigue, and self-efficacy.
Conclusions: Depression and poor self-efficacy can contribute to reports of cognitive difficulties. Effective treatment to improve these factors seems warranted given the impact of perceived cognitive impairment on outcomes in MS and the potential for more accurate self-reports.
Management Strategies for Flu-Like Symptoms and Injection-Site Reactions Associated with Peginterferon Beta-1a
Authors: Halper June , Centonze Diego , Newsome Scott D. , Huang DeRen , Robertson Christopher , You Xiaojun , Sabatella Guido , Evilevitch Vladimir , Leahy Leslie 
Published: November 2015

Background: Flu-like symptoms (FLSs) and injection-site reactions (ISRs) have been reported with interferon beta treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS). We sought to obtain consensus on the characteristics/management of FLSs/ISRs in patients with relapsing-remitting MS based on experiences from the randomized, placebo-controlled ADVANCE study of peginterferon beta-1a.Methods: ADVANCE investigators with a predefined number of enrolled patients were eligible to participate in a consensus-generating exercise using a modified Delphi method. An independent steering committee oversaw the development of two sequential Delphi questionnaires. An average rating (AR) of 2.7 or more was defined as consensus a priori.Results: Thirty and 29 investigators (ie, responders) completed questionnaires 1 and 2, respectively, representing 374 patients from ADVANCE. Responders reported that the incidence/duration of FLSs/ISRs in their typical patient generally declined after 3 months of treatment. Responders reached consensus that FLSs typically last up to 24 hours (AR = 3.17) and have mild/moderate effects on activities of daily living (AR = 3.34). Patients should initiate acetaminophen/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment on a scheduled basis (AR = 3.31) and change the timing of injection (AR = 3.28) to manage FLSs. Injection-site rotation/cooling and drug administration at room temperature (all AR ≥ 3.10) were recommended for managing ISRs. Patient education on FLSs/ISRs was advocated before treatment initiation.Conclusions: Delphi responders agreed on the management strategies for FLSs/ISRs and agreed that patient education is critical to set treatment expectations and promote adherence.
Reasons for late presentation to HIV care in Switzerland
Authors: Hachfeld Anna , Ledergerber Bruno , Darling Katharine , Weber Rainer , Calmy Alexandra , Battegay Manuel , Sugimoto Kiyoshi , Di Benedetto Caroline , Fux Christoph A , Tarr Philip E , Kouyos Roger , Furrer Hansjakob , Wandeler Gilles ,   Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Published: November 2015

IntroductionLate presentation to HIV care leads to increased morbidity and mortality. We explored risk factors and reasons for late HIV testing and presentation to care in the nationally representative Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS).MethodsAdult patients enrolled in the SHCS between July 2009 and June 2012 were included. An initial CD4 count <350 cells/µl or an AIDS‐defining illness defined late presentation. Demographic and behavioural characteristics of late presenters (LPs) were compared with those of non‐late presenters (NLPs). Information on self‐reported, individual barriers to HIV testing and care were obtained during face‐to‐face interviews.ResultsOf 1366 patients included, 680 (49.8%) were LPs. Seventy‐two percent of eligible patients took part in the survey. LPs were more likely to be female (p<0.001) or from sub‐Saharan Africa (p<0.001) and less likely to be highly educated (p=0.002) or men who have sex with men (p<0.001). LPs were more likely to have their first HIV test following a doctor's suggestion (p=0.01), and NLPs in the context of a regular check‐up (p=0.02) or after a specific risk situation (p<0.001). The main reasons for late HIV testing were “did not feel at risk” (72%), “did not feel ill” (65%) and “did not know the symptoms of HIV” (51%). Seventy‐one percent of the participants were symptomatic during the year preceding HIV diagnosis and the majority consulted a physician for these symptoms.ConclusionsIn Switzerland, late presentation to care is driven by late HIV testing due to low risk perception and lack of awareness about HIV. Tailored HIV testing strategies and enhanced provider‐initiated testing are urgently needed.