bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low dose‐eplerenone treatment decreases aortic stiffness in patients with resistant hypertension
Authors: Kalizki Tatjana , Schmidt Bernhard M.W. , Raff Ulrike , Reinold Annemarie , Schwarz Thomas K. , Schneider Markus P. , Schmieder Roland E. , Schneider Andreas 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVascular damage is aggravated in animal models of hypertension with mineralocorticoid (MR) excess and in hypertensive patients with primary hyperaldosteronism. MR antagonism has shown to provide effective blood pressure (BP)‐control in patients with treatment resistant hypertension (TRH), but the concurrent effects on the vasculature have not been examined. In a randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled parallel‐group study, 51 patients with TRH received either eplerenone 50 mg or placebo for 6 months together with additional antihypertensives titrated to achieve a BP target of <140/90 mm Hg. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), augmentation pressure (AP), AP normalized to a heart rate of 75/min (AP@HR75), renal resistive index (RRI), intima‐media thickness (IMT) and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) were assessed before and after treatment. PWV was reduced only with eplerenone (from 11.3±3.6 to 9.8±2.6 m/s, P˂.001), but not with placebo (10.3±2.0 to 10.1±1.8 m/s, P=.60), despite similar reductions in BP (−35±20/−15±11 mm Hg vs −30±19/−13±7 mm Hg, n.s.). Further, reductions in AP and AP@HR75 were greater with eplerenone, while changes in AIx, RRI, IMT and UAER were similar. Our data show that eplerenone beneficially affects markers of arterial stiffness and wave reflection in patients with TRH, independently of BP lowering. These data add to the evidence that MR antagonism should be the preferred treatment option in TRH.
Associations between children's diet quality and watching television during meal or snack consumption: A systematic review
Authors: Avery Amanda , Anderson Catherine , McCullough Fiona 
Published: February 2017

AbstractStudies have identified an association between watching television (TV) and childhood obesity. This review adds context to existing research by examining the associations between TV viewing, whilst eating, and children's diet quality. Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched from January 2000 to June 2014. Cross‐sectional trials of case control or cohort studies, which included baseline data, measuring the associations between eating whilst watching TV and children's food and drink intake. Quality of selected papers was assessed. Thirteen studies, representing 61,674 children aged 1–18 yrs, met inclusion criteria. Of six studies reporting overall food habits, all found a positive association between TV viewing and consumption of pizza, fried foods, sweets, and snacks. Of eight studies looking at fruit and vegetable consumption, seven identified a negative association with eating whilst watching TV (p < .0001). Four out of five studies identified a positive association between watching TV whilst eating and servings of sugar‐sweetened beverages (p < .0001). Four studies identified an association between low socioeconomic status and increased likelihood of eating whilst watching TV (p ≤ .01). Family meals did not overcome the adverse impact on diet quality of having the TV on at mealtimes. Eating whilst watching television is associated with poorer diet quality among children, including more frequent consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and high‐fat, high‐sugar foods and fewer fruits and vegetables. Although these differences in consumption are small, the cumulative effect may contribute to the positive association between eating whilst watching TV and childhood obesity.
A comparison of the self‐reported dry eye practices of New Zealand optometrists and ophthalmologists
Authors: Xue Ally L. , Downie Laura E. , Ormonde Susan E. , Craig Jennifer P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this cross‐sectional survey was to evaluate the self‐reported clinical practices of New Zealand optometrists and ophthalmologists with respect to the diagnosis and management of dry eye disease. It also sought to compare these behaviours with the current research evidence base.MethodsAn anonymous survey was distributed electronically to New Zealand eye care clinicians (optometrists n = 614, ophthalmologists n = 113) to determine practitioner interest in dry eye disease, practice experience, practice modality, preferred diagnostic and management strategies, and information used to guide patient care.ResultsRespondents from both professions (response rates, optometrists: 26%, ophthalmologists: 26%) demonstrated similarly strong knowledge of tear film assessment. Ninety percent of respondents ranked patient symptoms and meibomian gland evaluation as the most valuable and common diagnostic approaches. Conversely, standardised grading scales and validated dry eye questionnaires were infrequently adopted. Both professions tailored dry eye management according to severity, indicating eyelid hygiene and non‐preserved lubricants as mainstay therapies. Ophthalmologists prescribed systemic tetracyclines significantly more often than optometrists for moderate (48% vs 11%) and severe (72% vs 32%) dry eye (p < 0.05). Continuing education conferences were acknowledged as the primary information source used to guide dry eye management practices by both professions.ConclusionsConsistent with evidence‐based guidelines, New Zealand eye care professionals combine subjective and objective techniques to diagnose and stratify dry eye management according to disease severity. There is potential to improve dissemination of research evidence into clinical practice, with continuing education via professional conferences the favoured mode of delivery.
Subjective Rightness and Minimizing Expected Objective Wrongness
Authors: Olsen Kristian 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIt has become increasingly common for philosophers to distinguish between objective and subjective rightness, and there has been much discussion recently about what an adequate theory of subjective rightness looks like. In this article, I propose a new theory of subjective rightness. According to it, an action is subjectively right if and only if it minimizes expected objective wrongness. I explain this theory in detail and argue that it avoids many of the problems that other theories of subjective rightness face. I end by responding to some objections.
Obesity and melanoma: could fat be fueling malignancy?
Authors: Clement Emily , Lazar Ikrame , Muller Catherine , Nieto Laurence 
Published: February 2017

SummaryOver the last decade, it has become increasingly clear that adipose tissue, and particularly adipocytes, contributes to tumor progression. Obesity, an ever‐increasing worldwide phenomenon, exacerbates this effect. The influence of obesity on melanoma remains poorly studied, although recent data do underline an association between the two diseases in both humans and murine models. Herein, we review the impact of obesity on melanoma incidence and progression and discuss the underlying mechanisms known to be involved. Adipose tissue favors the proliferation and aggressiveness of melanoma cells through a direct dialog, mediated by soluble factors and by exosomes, and through remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. This knowledge could, in the future, help to design new personalized therapeutic options for obese melanoma patients.
Alteration of photosynthetic performance and source–sink relationships in wheat plants infected by Pyricularia oryzae
Authors: Rios J. A. , Rios V. S. , Aucique‐Pérez C. E. , Cruz M. F. A. , Morais L. E. , DaMatta F. M. , Rodrigues F. A. 
Published: February 2017

Two experiments were carried out to assess the changes associated with photoassimilate production and partitioning in the source–sink relationship of flag leaves and spikes of wheat plants infected with Pyricularia oryzae, the causal agent of blast. Flag leaves and spikes were inoculated at 10 and 20 days after anthesis (daa) with a conidial suspension of P. oryzae. Analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence using maximal photosystem II quantum efficiency (Fv⁄Fm), fraction of energy absorbed that is used in photochemistry (YII), quantum yield of non‐regulated energy dissipation (Y(NO)) and quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation (Y(NPQ)), showed an impairment of the photosynthetic performance in both infected flag leaves and spikes, coupled with reduced concentrations of chlorophyll a + b and carotenoids. Compared to non‐inoculated controls, there was lower capacity for CO2 fixation by RuBisCO in the infected flag leaves. Similarly, in the infected flag leaves and grains (obtained from infected spikes), there were lower concentrations of soluble sugars, while the hexoses‐to‐sucrose ratio increased in infected flag leaves. Compared to non‐inoculated controls, infected flag leaves showed lower sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity and lower expression of the sucrose synthesis (SuSy) gene, while higher expression and activity of acid invertases also occurred. At the advanced stages of fungal infection, the concentration of starch in grains decreased but remained high for the infected flag leaves. There were reductions in ADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase activity and the expression of ADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase genes and a down‐regulation of β‐ and α‐amylase expression at the advanced stages of fungal infection on flag leaves and spikes. In conclusion, the effect of blast on both grain quality and yield can be associated with alterations in both production and partitioning of carbohydrates during the grain filling process.
The Association Between Gender, Ethnicity, and Suicidality Among Vocational Students in Israel
Authors: Benatov Joy , Nakash Ora , Chen‐Gal Shai , Brunstein Klomek Anat 
Published: February 2017

Gender and ethnicity are significant factors when evaluating suicidal risk, especially among ethnically diverse populations. In the current study we explored the association between gender, ethnicity, and suicide ideation and attempts among Arab and Jewish vocational education and training high school students in Israel. Students (N = 3,554) completed a self‐report survey evaluating suicide ideation and attempts, depression, anxiety, somatization, and sense of belonging. Hierarchical generalized linear modeling indicated that female Arab adolescents had elevated levels of suicide ideation, higher rates of suicide attempts, and greater psychological distress than Arab males and Jewish students. Furthermore, female Arab adolescents were found to be more susceptible to suicide ideation when depression levels were high. These results are discussed in the context of the double‐jeopardy Arab young women face, as members of a minority ethnic group in Israel and their status as women within the patriarchal Arab culture.
Bisexual Safe Space(s) on the Internet: Analysis of an Online Forum for Bisexuals
Authors: Maliepaard Emiel 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDiscussions on bisexual safe space(s) and online bisexual spaces are limited. This paper explores the potential of an online forum for bisexuals, their partners, and people who are interested in bisexuality to function as an online safe space. To understand whether the analysed forum is successful as a bisexual safe space, as conceptualised by Jo Eadie, I focus on the practices, as manifold of doings and sayings, that create the forum as well as on the embodied experiences of the participants. I conclude that oppressive regimes that are rooted in offline practices, that is, mononormative ideals, value, and orthodoxies, are repeatedly introduced by participants in their stories, questions, and replies. At the same time, sharing experiences and empowerment are core practices and have an impact beyond the forum itself. Finally, by focusing on emotions, moods, and ends we can understand why people take part in the practices that constitute the forum.
Prevalence of AmpC‐ and Extended‐Spectrum β‐Lactamase‐Harbouring Enterobacteriaceae in Faecal Flora of a Healthy Domestic Canine Population
Authors: Mathys D. A. , Mollenkopf D. F. , Bremer C. A. , Daniels J. B. , Wittum T. E. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryIn order to estimate the prevalence of AmpC‐ and ESBL β‐lactamase‐producing Enterobacteriaceae in the faecal flora of a healthy domestic canine population, faecal samples were obtained from healthy dogs receiving routine parasitology screening at the Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center, between January 2013 and April 2013. Samples were screened for the presence of AmpC and ESBL β‐lactamase phenotypes, and the clinically important genotypes, blaCMY and blaCTX‐M, were confirmed via conventional PCR. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for isolates and plasmids were characterized. Two hundred and twelve canine faecal samples were screened, of which 30 harboured isolates carrying the AmpC blaCMY, representing 14.2% of the population (95% CI: 9.4–18.9%). Nine samples harboured isolates that carried the ESBL blaCTX‐M, representing 4.2% of the population (95% CI: 1.5–7.0%). Isolates containing blaCMY harboured multiple plasmid replicon types, while isolates containing blaCTX‐M harboured few plasmid replicon types. Our results suggest that domestic dogs may serve as a reservoir for extended‐spectrum cephalosporin resistance genes for other domestic animal populations as well as for their human companions. This represents a potential veterinary and public health risk that warrants further investigation and continued surveillance to ascertain the nature and extent of the risk. The high level of diversity of plasmid content among isolates harbouring blaCMY suggests broader dissemination relative to blaCTX‐M isolates.
Genome Sequencing and Analysis of the Postharvest Fungus
Penicillium expansum
R21
Authors: Yin Guohua , Zhang Yuliang , Hua Sui Sheng T. , Yu Jiujiang , Bu Lijing , Pennerman Kayla K. , Huang Qixing , Guo Anping , Bennett Joan W. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Blue mold is the vernacular name of a common postharvest disease of stored apples, pears, and quince that is caused by several common species of
Penicillium
. This study reports the draft genome sequence of
Penicillium expansum
strain R21, which was isolated from a red delicious apple in 2011 in Pennsylvania.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Suttonella ornithocola Bacterium
Authors: Waldman Ben-Asher Hiba , Yerushalmi Rebecca , Wachtel Chaim , Barbiro-Michaely Efrat , Sompolinsky David , Gerber Doron 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of the
Suttonella ornithocola
bacterium. To date, this bacterium, found in birds, passed only phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses. To our knowledge, this is the first publication of the
Suttonella ornithocola
genome sequence. The genetic profile provides a basis for further analysis of its infection pathways.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Cellulosilyticum
sp. I15G10I2, a Novel Bacterium Isolated from a Coal Seam Gas Water Treatment Pond
Authors: Adelskov Joseph , Patel Bharat K. C. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Cellulosilyticum
sp. strain I15G10I2 was isolated from a coal seam gas water treatment pond at the Spring Gully water treatment facility, Roma, Queensland, Australia. Analysis of the genome of 4,489,861 bp and G+C content of 35.23% revealed that strain I15G10I2 shared limited similarity to members of the genus
Cellulosilyticum
, family
Lachnospiraceae
.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Polychlorinated Biphenyl-Degrading Bacterium Pseudomonas putida KF715 (NBRC 110667) Isolated from Biphenyl-Contaminated Soil
Authors: Suenaga Hikaru , Yamazoe Atsushi , Hosoyama Akira , Kimura Nobutada , Hirose Jun , Watanabe Takahito , Fujihara Hidehiko , Futagami Taiki , Goto Masatoshi , Furukawa Kensuke 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Pseudomonas putida
KF715 (NBRC 110667) utilizes biphenyl as a sole source of carbon and degrades polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Here, we report a complete genome sequence of the KF715 strain, which comprises a circular chromosome and four plasmids. Biphenyl catabolic genes were located on the largest plasmid, pKF715A.
Complete Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Type Strain LMG 22219
Authors: Abouelkhair Mohamed A. , Riley Matthew C. , Bemis David A. , Kania Stephen A. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

We report the first complete genome sequence of LMG 22219 (=ON 86
T
= CCUG 49543
T
), the
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
type strain isolated from feline lung tissue. This sequence information will facilitate phylogenetic comparisons of staphylococcal species and other bacteria at the genome level.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Colistin-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Strain Carrying the
bla
NDM-1
Carbapenemase Gene
Authors: Yao Zhihong , Feng Yu , Lin Ji , Zong Zhiyong 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Klebsiella pneumoniae
strain WCHKP1845, recovered from the sputum of a patient with pneumonia, was resistant to colistin and carried the carbapenemase gene
bla
NDM-1
. Here, we report its 5.4-Mb draft genome sequence, comprising 140 contigs with an average 57.33% G+C content. The genome contains 5,118 coding sequences and 88 tRNA genes.
Significance of informal (on-the-job) learning and leadership development in health systems: lessons from a district finance team in South Africa
Authors: Choonara S , Goudge J , Nxumalo N , Eyles J 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThe district health system (DHS) has a critical role to play in the delivery of primary healthcare (PHC). Effective district management, particularly leadership is considered to be crucial element of the DHS. Internationally, the debate around developing leadership competencies such as motivation or empowerment of staff, managing relationships, being solution driven as well as fostering teamwork are argued to be possible through approaches such as formal and informal training. Despite growing multidisciplinary evidence in fields such as engineering, computer sciences and health sciences there remains little empirical evidence of these approaches, especially the informal approach. Findings are based on a broader doctoral thesis which explored district financial management; although the core focus of this paper draws attention to the significance of informal learning and its practical value in developing leadership competencies.MethodsA qualitative case study was conducted in one district in the Gauteng province, South Africa. Purposive and snowballing techniques yielded a sample of 18 participants, primarily based at a district level. Primary data collected through in-depth interviews and observations (participant and non-participant) were analysed using thematic analysis.FindingsResults indicate the sorts of complexities, particularly financial management challenges which staff face and draws attention to the use of two informal learning strategies—learning from others (how to communicate, delegate) and fostering team-based learning. Such strategies played a role in developing a cadre of leaders at a district level who displayed essential competencies such as motivating staff, and problem solving.ConclusionsIt is crucial for health systems, especially those in financially constrained settings to find cost-effective ways to develop leadership competencies such as being solution driven or motivating and empowering staff. This study illustrates that it is possible to develop such competencies through creating and nurturing a learning environment (on-the-job training) which could be incorporated into everyday practice.
Long-term experiences of Norwegian live kidney donors: qualitative in-depth interviews
Authors: Meyer Käthe B , Bjørk Ida Torunn , Wahl Astrid Klopstad , Lennerling Annette , Andersen Marit Helen 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveLive kidney donation is generally viewed as a welcome treatment option for severe kidney disease. However, there is a disparity in the body of research on donor experiences and postdonation outcome, and lack of knowledge on long-term consequences described by the donors. This study was conducted to provide insight into donors' subjective meanings and interpretation of their experiences ∼10 years after donation.DesignQualitative explorative in-depth interviews. The sampling strategy employed maximum variation. Setting Oslo University Hospital is the national centre for organ transplantation and donation in Norway, and there are 26 local nephrology centres.Participants16 donors representing all parts of Norway who donated a kidney in 2001–2004 participated in the study. The interviews were analysed using an interpretative approach.ResultsThe analysis resulted in 4 main themes; the recipient outcome justified long-term experiences, family dynamics—tension still under the surface, ambivalence—healthy versus the need for regular follow-up, and life must go on. These themes reflect the complexity of live kidney donation, which fluctuated from positive experiences such as pride and feeling privileged to adverse experiences such as altered family relationships or reduced health.ConclusionsLive kidney donors seemed to possess resilient qualities that enabled them to address the long-term consequences of donation. The challenge is to provide more uniform information about long-term consequences. In future research, resilient qualities could be a topic to explore in live donation.
Kronecker function rings of ring extensions
Authors: Paudel Lokendra , Tchamna Simplice 
Published: February 2017

The classical Kronecker function ring construction associates to a domain [Formula: see text] a Bézout domain. Let [Formula: see text] be a subring of a ring [Formula: see text], and let ⋆ be a star operation on the extension [Formula: see text]. In their book [Manis Valuations and Prüfer Extensions II, Lectures Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 2103 (Springer, Cham, 2014)], Knebusch and Kaiser develop a more general construction of the Kronecker function ring of [Formula: see text] with respect to ⋆. We characterize in several ways, under relatively mild assumption on [Formula: see text], the Kronecker function ring as defined by Knebusch and Kaiser. In particular, we focus on the case where [Formula: see text] is a flat epimorphic extension or a Prüfer extension.