bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Odours of Plasmodium falciparum-infected participants influence mosquito-host interactions
Authors: de Boer Jetske G. , Robinson Ailie , Powers Stephen J. , Burgers Saskia L. G. E. , Caulfield John C. , Birkett Michael A. , Smallegange Renate C. , van Genderen Perry J. J. , Bousema Teun , Sauerwein Robert W. , Pickett John A. , Takken Willem , Logan James G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMalaria parasites are thought to influence mosquito attraction to human hosts, a phenomenon that may enhance parasite transmission. This is likely mediated by alterations in host odour because of its importance in mosquito host-searching behaviour. Here, we report that the human skin odour profile is affected by malaria infection. We compared the chemical composition and attractiveness toAnopheles coluzziimosquitoes of skin odours from participants that were infected by Controlled Human Malaria Infection withPlasmodium falciparum. Skin odour composition differed between parasitologically negative and positive samples, with positive samples collected on average two days after parasites emerged from the liver into the blood, being associated with low densities of asexual parasites and the absence of gametocytes. We found a significant reduction in mosquito attraction to skin odour during infection for one experiment, but not in a second experiment, possibly due to differences in parasite strain. However, it does raise the possibility that infection can affect mosquito behaviour. Indeed, several volatile compounds were identified that can influence mosquito behaviour, including 2- and 3-methylbutanal, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one. To better understand the impact of our findings onPlasmodiumtransmission, controlled studies are needed in participants with gametocytes and higher parasite densities.
Macroevolutionary diversification of glands for chemical communication in squamate reptiles
Authors: García-Roa Roberto , Jara Manuel , Baeckens Simon , López Pilar , Van Damme Raoul , Martín José , Pincheira-Donoso Daniel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractChemical communication plays a central role in social, sexual and ecological interactions among animals. However, the macroevolutionary diversification of traits responsible for chemical signaling remains fundamentally unknown. Most research investigating evolutionary diversification of glands responsible for the production of chemical signals has focused on arthropods, while its study among vertebrates remains neglected. Using a global-scale dataset covering > 80% (7,904 species) of the living diversity of lizards and snakes (squamates), we investigate rates, trajectories and phylogenetic patterns of diversification of their follicular glands for chemical communication. We observed these glands in 13.66% of species, that their expression has varying phylogenetic signal among lineages, and that the crown squamate ancestor lacked follicular glands, which therefore originated and diversified subsequently during their evolutionary history. Additionally, our findings challenge the longstanding view that within squamates the Iguania are visually oriented while Scleroglossa are chemically-oriented, given that Iguania doubles Scleroglossa in the frequency of glands. Our phylogenetic analyses identified stabilizing selection as the best model describing follicular gland diversification, and revealed high rates of disparity. We provide the first global-scale analysis investigating the diversification of one of the main forms of communication among reptiles, presenting a macroevolutionary angle to questions traditionally explored at microevolutionary scale.
CUBIC pathology: three-dimensional imaging for pathological diagnosis
Authors: Nojima Satoshi , Susaki Etsuo A. , Yoshida Kyotaro , Takemoto Hiroyoshi , Tsujimura Naoto , Iijima Shohei , Takachi Ko , Nakahara Yujiro , Tahara Shinichiro , Ohshima Kenji , Kurashige Masako , Hori Yumiko , Wada Naoki , Ikeda Jun-ichiro , Kumanogoh Atsushi , Morii Eiichi , Ueda Hiroki R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe examination of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tissues on glass slides by conventional light microscopy is the foundation for histopathological diagnosis. However, this conventional method has some limitations in x-y axes due to its relatively narrow range of observation area and in z-axis due to its two-dimensionality. In this study, we applied a CUBIC pipeline, which is the most powerful tissue-clearing and three-dimensional (3D)-imaging technique, to clinical pathology. CUBIC was applicable to 3D imaging of both normal and abnormal patient-derived, human lung and lymph node tissues. Notably, the combination of deparaffinization and CUBIC enabled 3D imaging of specimens derived from paraffin-embedded tissue blocks, allowing quantitative evaluation of nuclear and structural atypia of an archival malignant lymphoma tissue. Furthermore, to examine whether CUBIC can be applied to practical use in pathological diagnosis, we performed a histopathological screening of a lymph node metastasis based on CUBIC, which successfully improved the sensitivity in detecting minor metastatic carcinoma nodules in lymph nodes. Collectively, our results indicate that CUBIC significantly contributes to retrospective and prospective clinicopathological diagnosis, which might lead to the establishment of a novel field of medical science based on 3D histopathology.
Drug Loaded Gingival Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (GinPa-MSCs) Inhibit In Vitro Proliferation of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Coccè Valentina , Farronato Davide , Brini Anna Teresa , Masia Carla , Giannì Aldo Bruno , Piovani Giovanna , Sisto Francesca , Alessandri Giulio , Angiero Francesca , Pessina Augusto 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHuman mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been widely investigated both for regenerative medicine and their antinflammatory/immunomodulatory capacity. However, their ability to home pathological tissues suggested the development of strategies for using MSCs as carrier to deliver drug into tumor microenvironment. MSCs obtained from different tissues can be loaded in vitro with anti-cancer drugs by a simple procedures. In this report, we studied MSCs isolated and expanded from gingival papilla (GinPa-MSCs), by testing their ability to uptake and release three important anti-neoplastic drugs: Paclitaxel (PTX), Doxorubicin (DXR) and Gemcitabine (GCB). The efficacy of drugs releasing GinPa-MSCs was studied on a pancreatic cancer cell line and confirmed in vitro against a line of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC154). Our results demonstrated that GinPa-MSCs efficiently incorporate the drugs and then released them in active form and in sufficient amount to produce a dramatic inhibition of squamous cell carcinoma growth in vitro. If compared with other MSCs sources, the collection of GinPa-MSCs is poorly invasive and cells can be easily expanded and efficiently loaded with anti cancer drugs. In particular, gemcitabine loaded GinPa-MSCs provide a good “cell-mediated drug delivery system” for a future potential application in the context of the oral oncology.
Simple MD-based model for oxidative folding of peptides and proteins
Authors: Izmailov Sergei A. , Podkorytov Ivan S. , Skrynnikov Nikolai R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSignificant strides have been recently made to fold peptides and small proteins in silico using MD simulations. However, facilities are currently lacking to include disulfide bonding in the MD models of protein folding. To address this problem, we have developed a simple empirical protocol to model formation of disulfides, which is perturbation-free, retains the same speed as conventional MD simulations and allows one to control the reaction rate. The new protocol has been tested on 15-aminoacid peptide guanylin containing four cysteine residues; the net simulation time using Amber ff14SB force field was 61 μs. The resulting isomer distribution is in qualitative agreement with experiment, suggesting that oxidative folding of guanylin in vitro occurs under kinetic control. The highly stable conformation of the so-called isomer 2(B) has been obtained for full-length guanylin, which is significantly different from the poorly ordered structure of the truncated peptide PDB ID 1GNB. In addition, we have simulated oxidative folding of guanylin within the 94-aminoacid prohormone proguanylin. The obtained structure is in good agreement with the NMR coordinates 1O8R. The proposed modeling strategy can help to explore certain fundamental aspects of protein folding and is potentially relevant for manufacturing of synthetic peptides and recombinant proteins.
A first-in-human study of the novel HIV-fusion inhibitor C34-PEG4-Chol
Authors: Quinn Killian , Traboni Cinzia , Penchala Sujan Dily , Bouliotis Georgios , Doyle Nicki , Libri Vincenzo , Khoo Saye , Ashby Deborah , Weber Jonathan , Nicosia Alfredo , Cortese Riccardo , Pessi Antonello , Winston Alan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLong-acting injectable antiretroviral (LA-ARV) drugs with low toxicity profiles and propensity for drug-drug interactions are a goal for future ARV regimens. C34-PEG4-Chol is a novel cholesterol tagged LA HIV-fusion-inhibitor (FI). We assessed pre-clinical toxicology and first-in-human administration of C34-PEG4-Chol. Pre-clinical toxicology was conducted in 2 species. HIV-positive men were randomised to a single subcutaneous dose of C34-PEG4-Chol at incrementing doses or placebo. Detailed clinical (including injection site reaction (ISR) grading), plasma pharmacokinetic (time-to-minimum-effective-concentration (MEC, 25 ng/mL) and pharmacodynamic (plasma HIV RNA) parameters were assessed. In both mice and dogs, no-observed-adverse effect level (NOAEL) was observed at a 12 mg/kg/dose after two weeks. Of 5 men enrolled, 3 received active drug (10 mg, 10 mg and 20 mg). In 2 individuals grade 3 ISR occurred and the study was halted. Both ISR emerged within 12 hours of active drug dosing. No systemic toxicities were observed. The time-to-MEC was >72 and >96 hours after 10 and 20 mg dose, respectively, and mean change in HIV RNA was −0.9 log10 copies/mL. These human pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic data, although limited to 3 subjects, of C34-PEG-4-Chol suggest continuing evaluation of this agent as a LA-ARV. However, alternative administration routes must be explored.
Three-dimensional Graphene with MoS
2
Nanohybrid as Potential Energy Storage/Transfer Device
Authors: Singh Kulvinder , Kumar Sushil , Agarwal Kushagra , Soni Khushboo , Ramana Gedela Venkata , Ghosh Kaushik 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPortable and matured energy storage devices are in high demand for future flexible electronics. Flowery shaped MoS2 nanostructures with porous and flake like morphology was used to study the supercapacitive nature with specific capacitance (C
sp
) of 169.37F/g, the energy density of 28.43 Wh/Kg and power density of 10.18 W/Kg. This nanoflower like architecture was decorated on 3D-graphene on Graphite electrode to design the solid-state-supercapacitor prototype device of dimensions of 23.6 × 22.4 × 0.6 mm3 having considerable high Csp of 58.0F/g and energy density of 24.59 Wh/Kg, and power density of 8.8 W/Kg. Four fabricated supercapacitors were connected in series for real state practical demonstration using the light emitting diode that remains enlightened for 40 s by charging it only for 25 s. This study demonstrates the 3D-graphene/MoS2 nanohybrid has a quite high overall potential window nearly about 2.7 V (−1.5 to +1.2 V) in KOH-PVA medium which can be used for the development of solid-state supercapacitors thereby completely eliminating the need for any expensive ionic liquid mediums thus building an exciting potential for high-performance energy storage/transfer devices.
Deep Western Boundary Current in the South China Sea
Authors: Zhou Chun , Zhao Wei , Tian Jiwei , Zhao Xiaolong , Zhu Yuchao , Yang Qingxuan , Qu Tangdong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDeep western boundary current (DWBC) was observed for the first time by an array of 6 current meter moorings southeast of the Zhongsha Islands in the South China Sea (SCS) deep basin during the period from August 2012 to January 2014. In the mean, the DWBC in the SCS flows southwestward with core velocity of 2.0 cm/s and a volume transport of 1.65 Sv (1 Sv = 1 × 106 m3/s). Its temporal variability is dominated by intraseasonal fluctuations with period around 90 days. The main axis of the DWBC, characterized by a low temperature core, tends not to shift with the 90-day fluctuation.
The epigenetic modifier Fam208a is required to maintain epiblast cell fitness
Authors: Bhargava Shohag , Cox Brian , Polydorou Christiana , Gresakova Veronika , Korinek Vladimir , Strnad Hynek , Sedlacek Radislav , Epp Trevor Allan , Chawengsaksophak Kallayanee 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGastrulation initiates with the formation of the primitive streak, during which, cells of the epiblast delaminate to form the mesoderm and definitive endoderm. At this stage, the pluripotent cell population of the epiblast undergoes very rapid proliferation and extensive epigenetic programming. Here we show that Fam208a, a new epigenetic modifier, is essential for early post-implantation development. We show that Fam208a mutation leads to impaired primitive streak elongation and delayed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Fam208a mutant epiblasts had increased expression of p53 pathway genes as well as several pluripotency-associated long non-coding RNAs. Fam208a mutants exhibited an increase in p53-driven apoptosis and complete removal of p53 could partially rescue their gastrulation block. This data demonstrates a new in vivo function of Fam208a in maintaining epiblast fitness, establishing it as an important factor at the onset of gastrulation when cells are exiting pluripotency.
Loss of Tmem30a leads to photoreceptor degeneration
Authors: Zhang Lin , Yang Yeming , Li Shujin , Zhang Shanshan , Zhu Xiong , Tai Zhengfu , Yang Mu , Liu Yuqing , Guo Xinzheng , Chen Bo , Jiang Zhilin , Lu Fang , Zhu Xianjun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPhosphatidylserine (PS) is asymmetrically distributed between the outer and inner leaflets of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells. PS asymmetry on the plasma membrane depends on the activities of P4-ATPases, and disruption of PS distribution can lead to various disease conditions. Folding and transporting of P4-ATPases to their cellular destination requires the β subunit TMEM30A proteins. However, the in vivo functions of Tmem30a remain unknown. To this end, we generated retinal-specific Tmem30a-knockout mice to investigate its roles in vivo for the first time. Our data demonstrated that loss of Tmem30a in mouse cone cells leads to mislocalization of cone opsin, loss of photopic electroretinogram (ERG) responses and loss of cone cells. Mechanistically, Tmem30a-mutant mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibited diminished PS flippase activity and increased exposure of PS on the cell surface. The broad loss of Tmem30a in adult mice led to a reduced scotopic photoresponse, mislocalization of ATP8A2 to the inner segment and cell body, and increased apoptosis in the retina. Our data demonstrated novel essential roles of Tmem30a in the retina.
Hypercoagulability progresses to hypocoagulability during evolution of acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in pigs
Authors: Lee Karla Chui Luan , Baker Luisa , Mallett Susan , Riddell Anne , Chowdary Pratima , Alibhai Hatim , Chang Yu-Mei , Priestnall Simon , Stanzani Giacomo , Davies Nathan , Mookerjee Rajeshwar , Jalan Rajiv , Agarwal Banwari 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIncreases in prothrombin time (PT) and international normalised ratio (INR) characterise acute liver injury (ALI) and failure (ALF), yet a wide heterogeneity in clotting abnormalities exists. This study defines evolution of coagulopathy in 10 pigs with acetaminophen (APAP)-induced ALI compared to 3 Controls. APAP administration began at 0 h and continued to ‘ALF’, defined as INR >3. In APAP pigs, INR was 1.05 ± 0.02 at 0 h, 2.15 ± 0.43 at 16 h and > 3 at 18 ± 1 h. At 12 h thromboelastography (TEG) demonstrated increased clot formation rate, associated with portal vein platelet aggregates and reductions in protein C, protein S, antithrombin and A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease with Thrombospondin type 1 repeats–13 (ADAMTS-13) to 60%, 24%, 47% and 32% normal respectively. At 18 ± 1 h, INR > 3 was associated with: hypocoagulable TEG profile with heparin-like effect; falls in thrombin generation, Factor V and Factor VIII to 52%, 19% and 17% normal respectively; further decline in anticoagulants; thrombocytopenia; neutrophilia and endotoxemia. Multivariate analysis, found that ADAMTS-13 was an independent predictor of a hypercoagulable TEG profile and platelet count, endotoxin, Protein C and fibrinogen were independent predictors of a hypocoagulable TEG profile. INR remained normal in Controls. Dynamic changes in coagulation occur with progression of ALI: a pro-thrombotic state progresses to hypocoagulability.
DrwH, a novel WHy domain-containing hydrophobic LEA5C protein from Deinococcus radiodurans, protects enzymatic activity under oxidative stress
Authors: Jiang Shijie , Wang Jin , Liu Xiaoli , Liu Yingying , Guo Cui , Zhang Liwen , Han Jiahui , Wu Xiaoli , Xue Dong , Gomaa Ahmed E. , Feng Shuai , Zhang Heng , Chen Yun , Ping Shuzhen , Chen Ming , Zhang Wei , Li Liang , Zhou Zhengfu , Zuo Kaijing , Li Xufeng , Yang Yi , Lin Min 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWater stress and hypersensitive response (WHy) domain is typically found as a component of atypical late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins closely associated with resistance to multiple stresses in numerous organisms. Several putative LEA proteins have been identified in Deinococcus bacteria; however their precise function remains unclear. This work reports the characterization of a Deinococcus-specific gene encoding a novel WHy domain-containing hydrophobic LEA5C protein (named DrwH) in D. radiodurans R1. The expression of the drwH gene was induced by oxidative and salinity stresses. Inactivation of this gene resulted in increased sensitivity to oxidative and salinity stresses as well as reduced activities of antioxidant enzymes. The WHy domain of the DrwH protein differs structurally from that of a previously studied bacterial LEA5C protein, dWHy1, identified as a gene product from an Antarctic desert soil metagenome library. Further analysis indicated that in E. coli, the function of DrwH is related to oxidative stress tolerance, whereas dWHy1 is associated with freezing-thawing stress tolerance. Under oxidative stress induced by H2O2, DrwH protected the enzymatic activities of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). These findings provide new insight into the evolutionary and survival strategies of Deinococcus bacteria under extreme environmental conditions.
Neglected role of hydrogen sulfide in sulfur mustard poisoning: Keap1 S-sulfhydration and subsequent Nrf2 pathway activation
Authors: Meng Wenqi , Pei Zhipeng , Feng Yongwei , Zhao Jie , Chen Yongchun , Shi Wenwen , Xu Qingqiang , Lin Fengwu , Sun Mingxue , Xiao Kai 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent and a terrorism choice that targets various organs and tissues, especially lung tissues. Its toxic effects are tightly associated with oxidative stress. The signaling molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S) protects the lungs against oxidative stress and activates the NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Here, we sought to establish whether endogenous H2S plays a role in SM induced lesion in mouse lungs and lung cells and whether endogenous H2S plays the role through Nrf2 pathway to protect against SM-induced oxidative damage. Furthermore, we also explored whether activation of Nrf2 by H2S involves sulfhydration of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1). Using a mouse model of SM-induced lung injury, we demonstrated that SM-induced attenuation of the sulfide concentration was prevented by NaHS. Concomitantly, NaHS attenuates SM-induced oxidative stress. We also found that H2S enhanced Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and stimulated expression of Nrf2-targeted downstream protein and mRNA levels. Incubation of the lung cells with NaHS decreased SM-induced ROS production. Furthermore, we also found that H2S S-sulfhydrated Keap1, which induced Nrf2 dissociation from Keap1, and enhanced Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Our data indicate that H2S is a critical, however, being long neglected signal molecule in SM-induced lung injury.
Tuning Metamaterials by using Amorphous Magnetic Microwires
Authors: Lopez-Dominguez V. , Garcia M. A. , Marin P. , Hernando A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate theoretically and experimentally the possibility of tuning the electromagnetic properties of metamaterials with magnetic fields by incorporating amorphous magnetic microwires. The large permeability of these wires at microwave frequencies allows tuning the resonance of the metamaterial by using magnetic fields of the order of tens of Oe. We describe here the physical basis of the interaction between a prototypical magnetic metamaterial with magnetic microwires and electromagnetic waves plus providing detailed calculations and experimental results for the case of an array of Split Ring Resonators with Co-based microwires.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Norcantharidin combined with Coix seed oil synergistically induces apoptosis and inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth by downregulating regulatory T cells accumulation
Authors: Wang Dan , Yang Chendong , Wang Zhuien , Yang Yi , Li Defang , Ding Xiaojie , Xu Wenjuan , Zheng Qiusheng 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe immune system plays a critical role in exerts effects in the growth and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which needs interacting approaches for effective therapy. In this study, we have found that the Norcantharidin (NCTD) + Coix lacryma-jobi seed oil (CLSO) combination exhibited more potent antitumor effects in an terms of cytotoxicity and apoptotic induction in human HepG2 and HepG2/ADM cells than NCTD or CLSO alone. In vivo, administration of NCTD+CLSO combinations significantly suppressed the formation of tumor in Hepal-1 hepatoma-bearing mice. Furthermore, we found that the in vitro co-cultures of HepG2 or HepG2/ADM cells with PBMCs from healthy donors led to an increase in the number of CD4+CD25+ T cells. This increase was down-regulated by the combination effectively. Down-regulation of FoxP3 mRNA and protein expression occurred during the combination in the co-cultures. The amount of Tregs of Hepal-1 hepatoma-bearing mice was significantly decreased in the combination treated group. The combination down-regulated the expression of FoxP3, CTLA-4 and Tregs related cytokine (TGF-β and IL-10) in the serum of tumor bearing mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the most valuable aspect of the NCTD+CLSO combined use improves the anti-tumor activity and regulates tumor infiltrating Tregs.