bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A minimum five‐component five‐term single‐nonlinearity chaotic jerk circuit based on a twin‐jerk single‐op‐amp technique
Authors: Munmuangsaen Buncha , Srisuchinwong Banlue 
Published: November 2017

SummaryA minimum 5‐component 5‐term single‐nonlinearity chaotic jerk circuit is presented as the first simplest chaotic jerk circuit in a category that a single op‐amp is employed. Such a simplest circuit displays 5 simultaneous advantages of (1) 5 minimum basic electronic components, (2) 5 minimum algebraic terms in a set of 3 coupled first‐order ordinary differential equations (ODEs), (3) a single minimum term of nonlinearity in the ODEs, (4) a simple passive component for nonlinearity, and (5) a single op‐amp. The proposed 5‐term single‐nonlinearity chaotic jerk circuit and a slightly modified version of an existing 6‐term 2‐nonlinearity chaotic jerk circuit form mirrored images of each other. Although both mirrored circuits yield 2 different sets of the ODEs, both sets however can be recast into a pair of twin jerk equations. Both mirrored circuits are therefore algebraically twin 5‐component chaotic jerk circuits, leading to a twin‐jerk single‐op‐amp approach to the proposed minimum chaotic jerk circuit. Two cross verifications of trajectories of both circuits are illustrated through numerical and experimental results. Dynamical properties are also presented.
Implementing noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features may potentially impact the risk of malignancy for thyroid nodules categorized as AUS/FLUS and FN/SFN
Authors: Li Weihong , Sciallis Andrew , Lew Madelyn , Pang Judy , Jing Xin 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundNoninvasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has recently been reclassified as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTP). Implementation of the new terminology may alter the implied risk of malignancy (ROM) across the six categories of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC).MethodsThe study cohort consisted of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) cases which were assessed between January 2011 and June 2016 and led to surgical resections. For each case, patient demographics as well as cytologic and corresponding histologic diagnoses were recorded. The surgical specimens diagnosed as follicular variant of PTC (FVPTC) were re‐reviewed to identify cases that met the diagnostic criteria for NIFTP. The ROM with and without exclusion of NIFTP from malignant categorization, as well as the relative change in ROM were calculated for individual categories of TBSRTC.ResultsA total of 908 FNA cases with surgical follow‐up were retrieved and PTC was identified in 252 (27.8%) surgical specimens. Twenty‐nine of 252 (11.5%) were initially classified as FVPTC, of which 17 (6.7%) were reclassified as NIFTP. The cytologic interpretations for the majority of NIFTP cases were atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS, n = 8) or follicular neoplasm/suspicious for neoplasm/(FN/SFN, n = 4). Excluding NIFTP from malignant categorization resulted in a relative decrease in ROM in AUS/FLUS (25.8%) and FN/SFN (22.3%) categories.ConclusionOur institutional data demonstrates that eliminating NIFTP from malignant categorization may result in a reduction of the implied ROM for AUS/FLUS and FN/SFN categories.
Characterization of mice carrying a conditional TEAD1 allele
Authors: Wen Tong , Yin Qin , Yu Luyi , Hu Guoqing , Liu Jinhua , Zhang Wei , Huang Liang , Su Huabo , Wang Menghong , Zhou Jiliang 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThe Hippo‐ yes‐associated protein (YAP) pathway is essential for controlling organ size and tumorigenesis. Previous studies have demonstrated that the primary outcome of YAP signaling in the nucleus is achieved by interaction with the transcription factor TEA domain transcription factor (TEAD1). The YAP/TEAD1 complex binds to DNA element and regulates the expression of genes involved in cell growth. However, constitutive knockout of TEAD1 leads to early embryonic lethality in mice. Thus, generation of a floxed TEAD1 mouse becomes crucial for further understanding mid‐ to late‐gestation and post‐natal role of TEAD1. Herein, we created and characterized a mouse model that allows for conditional disruption of TEAD1. Embryonic fibroblasts derived from the floxed TEAD1 mice enabled the Cre‐mediated deletion of TEAD1 in vitro using virally delivered Cre recombinase. Furthermore, crossing the floxed TEAD1 mouse with a ubiquitously expressing Cre mouse resulted in efficient ablation of the floxed allele in vivo, and the animals recapitulated early embryonic lethality defects. In conclusion, our data demonstrate an important role of TEAD1 in early development in mice, and the floxed TEAD1 mouse model will be a valuable genetic tool to determine the temporal and tissue‐specific functions of TEAD1.
Adaptive servo‐ventilation for central sleep apnoea in systolic heart failure: results of the major substudy of SERVE‐HF
Authors: Cowie Martin R. , Woehrle Holger , Wegscheider Karl , Vettorazzi Eik , Lezius Susanne , Koenig Wolfgang , Weidemann Frank , Smith Gillian , Angermann Christiane , d'Ortho Marie‐Pia , Erdmann Erland , Levy Patrick , Simonds Anita K. , Somers Virend K. , Zannad Faiez , Teschler Helmut 
Published: November 2017

AimsThe SERVE‐HF trial investigated the impact of treating central sleep apnoea (CSA) with adaptive servo‐ventilation (ASV) in patients with systolic heart failure. A preplanned substudy was conducted to provide insight into mechanistic changes underlying the observed effects of ASV, including assessment of changes in left ventricular function, ventricular remodelling, and cardiac, renal and inflammatory biomarkers.Methods and resultsIn a subset of the 1325 randomised patients, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) and biomarker analysis were performed at baseline, and 3 and 12 months. In secondary analyses, data for patients with baseline and 12‐month values were evaluated; 312 patients participated in the substudy. The primary endpoint, change in echocardiographically determined left ventricular ejection fraction from baseline to 12 months, did not differ significantly between the ASV and the control groups. There were also no significant between‐group differences for changes in left ventricular dimensions, wall thickness, diastolic function or right ventricular dimensions and ejection fraction (echocardiography), and on cMRI (in small patient numbers). Plasma N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide concentration decreased in both groups, and values were similar at 12 months. There were no significant between‐group differences in changes in cardiac, renal and systemic inflammation biomarkers.ConclusionIn patients with systolic heart failure and CSA, addition of ASV to guideline‐based medical management had no statistically significant effect on cardiac structure and function, or on cardiac biomarkers, renal function and systemic inflammation over 12 months. The increased cardiovascular mortality reported in SERVE‐HF may not be related to adverse remodelling or worsening heart failure.
Triacylglycerol Profile of Summer and Winter Bovine Milk Fat and the Feasibility of Triacylglycerol Fragmentation
Authors: Tzompa‐Sosa Daylan A. , Meurs Pim P. , van Valenberg Hein J. F. 
Published: November 2017

Bovine milk fat (MF) is considered to be one of the most complex fats, as it can consist of 400 FA which are non‐randomly esterified into the TAG molecule. This study aims to determine specific differences on MF TAG profile between summer and winter cow's milk, and to study the feasibility of TAG fragmentation on non‐chemically hydrogenated MF using MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS with post source decay. The most notable discrimination between summer and winter MF is seen in polyunsaturated TAG, which are more abundant in summer. The feasibility of MF TAG fragmentation in non‐chemically hydrogenated TAG is assessed using bulk MF and TAG previously separated according to degree of unsaturation. This last approach shows to be the most suitable. We show that sample concentration and abundance ratio with neighboring TAG affects TAG fragmentation. Non‐chemically hydrogenated MF TAG has not been previously fragmented. Furthermore, this is the first time that the conditions affecting TAG fragmentation in MF are reported.Practical Application: TAG constitute the fundamental unit of fat crystals. Hence, fat crystal network is affected by variations in TAG profile. Understanding the variability of MF TAG profile between seasons may help to explain differences on crystallization behavior seen through the year in industrial processes. Moreover, TAG fragmentation allows determination of FA composition of individual TAG. This information is needed when studying the mechanism of FA acylation into TAG. For instance, when studying the effect of genetic variation of diacylglycerol acyl transferase isomer one in cows. The reported technique increases the capacity of MALDI‐TOF MS in lipidomic analysis.This study aims to determine specific differences in milk‐fat triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles between summer and winter cow's milk, and to study the feasibility of TAG fragmentation on non‐chemically hydrogenated milk fat using MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS with post source decay.
Transformation of parabolic dunes into mobile barchans triggered by environmental change and anthropogenic disturbance
Authors: Yan Na , Baas Andreas C.W. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractParabolic dunes are widely distributed on coasts and margins of deserts and steppes where ecosystems are vulnerable and sensitive to environmental changes and human disturbances. Some studies have indicated that vegetated parabolic dunes can be activated into highly mobile barchan dunes and the catastrophic shift of eco‐geomorphic systems is detrimental to land management and social‐economic development; however, no detailed study has clarified the physical processes and eco‐geomorphic interactions that control the stability of a parabolic dune and its resistance to unfavorable environmental changes. This study utilizes the Extended‐DECAL (Discrete Eco‐geomorphic Aeolian Landscapes) model, parameterized by field measurements of dune topography and vegetation characteristics combined with remote sensing, to explore how increases in drought stress, wind strength, and grazing stress may lead to the activation of stabilizing parabolic dunes into highly mobile barchans. The modeling results suggest that the mobility of an initial parabolic dune at the onset of a perturbation determines the capacity of a system to absorb environmental change, and a slight increase in vegetation cover of an initial parabolic dune can increase the activation threshold significantly. The characteristics of four eco‐geomorphic interaction zones control the processes and resulting morphologies of the transformations. A higher deposition tolerance of vegetation increases the activation threshold of the dune transformation under both a negative climatic impact and an increased sand transport rate, whereas the erosion tolerance of vegetation influences the patterns of resulting barchans (a single barchan versus multiple barchans). The change in the characteristics of eco‐geomorphic interaction zones may indirectly reflect the dune stability and predict an ongoing transformation, whilst the activation angle may be potentially used as a proxy of environmental stresses. In contrast to the natural environmental changes that tend to affect relatively weak and young plants, grazing stress can exert a broader impact on any plant indistinctively. A small increase in grazing stress just above the activation threshold can accelerate dune activation significantly. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative Predictive Models for the Degree of Disability After Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lim Hyeong‐Seok , Kim Seung Min , Kang Dong‐Wha 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAlthough stroke is a leading cause of disability, the quantitative relationship between baseline clinical and imaging characteristics and long‐term disability outcomes has rarely been studied. Prospectively collected clinical data from 405 patients with acute ischemic stroke including brain magnetic resonance images (MRIs) and disability outcomes assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 3 month after the onset of disease were analyzed using a proportional odds cumulative logit model implemented in NONMEM. The relationship between the difference in lesion volume (DLV) — lesion volume measured by brain MRI 5 days later — lesion volume at the onset of the disease, and the mRS measured at 3 months (mRS3) was modeled first, and the potential covariates were tested. The Emax model best described the relationship between DLV and the logit probability of each mRS3. DLV, baseline stroke severity, age, and diabetes mellitus were identified as significant predictors of the probabilities of mRS3. The quantitative model constructed in the current analysis will enable us to predict the long‐term disabilities of the patients with acute ischemic stroke using the patient‐specific MRI and other clinical information, which will be useful for individualizing therapies and for making the clinical development of a novel drug more efficient.
On triangles in ‐minor free graphs
Authors: Albar Boris , Gonçalves Daniel 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe study graphs where each edge that is incident to a vertex of small degree (of degree at most 7 and 9, respectively) belongs to many triangles (at least 4 and 5, respectively) and show that these graphs contain a complete graph (K6 and K7, respectively) as a minor. The second case settles a problem of Nevo. Moreover, if each edge of a graph belongs to six triangles, then the graph contains a K8‐minor or contains K2, 2, 2, 2, 2 as an induced subgraph. We then show applications of these structural properties to stress freeness and coloring of graphs. In particular, motivated by Hadwiger's conjecture, we prove that every K7‐minor free graph is 8‐colorable and every K8‐minor free graph is 10‐colorable.
Activation of caspase‐6 and cleavage of caspase‐6 substrates is an early event in NMDA receptor–mediated excitotoxicity
Authors: Girling Kimberly D. , Demers Marie‐Josee , Laine Jean , Zhang Shu , Wang Yu Tian , Graham Rona K. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractExcitotoxicity, due to overstimulation of N‐methyl D‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs), has a pivotal role in many neurological disorders. However, NMDAR antagonists often cause side effects, and identifying more druggable therapeutic targets for NMDAR excitotoxicity is an important goal. Activation of caspases is a downstream effect of excitotoxicity that may be critically involved in NMDAR‐mediated cell death. Caspase‐6 (casp6) in particular has been shown to play a key role in the pathogenesis of stroke, Huntington disease, and Alzheimer disease. Using N‐methyl D‐aspartate (NMDA)‐induced excitotoxic injuries of primary rat neurons, we demonstrate that there is an early increase in caspase profiles after an excitotoxic event at the level of mRNA, protein, and activity. Casp6 is elevated and activated first, followed by caspase‐8 and caspase‐3. Similarly, known casp6 substrates huntingtin, as well as novel casp6 substrates serine/threonine kinase 3 and death domain‐associated protein, are cleaved in similar temporal patterns post NMDA. On the basis of these data, we propose that casp6 may be an initiator caspase in apoptotic cascades leading to neuronal death after an excitotoxic event and suggest casp6 as a potential therapeutic target for neurological disorders where NMDAR‐mediated excitotoxicity has been shown to play a role.
The Microvine, a plant model to study the effect of vine‐shoot extract on the accumulation of glycosylated aroma precursors in grapes
Authors: Sánchez‐Gómez Rosario , Torregrosa Laurent , Zalacain Amaya , Ojeda Hernán , Bouckenooghe Virginie , Schneider Rémi , Alonso Gonzalo L , Salinas María Rosario 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Microvine plant model displays unique reproductive organ behavior and is suitable for grapevine fruit physiological studies, allowing one to undertake studies up to five times more rapidly than the current situation with grapevines. Recently, vine‐shoot aqueous extracts, which have an interesting phenolic and aroma composition, have been proposed as viticultural biostimulants, since their post‐veraison foliar application to grapevines impacts the wine aroma profile. Using Microvines, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of vine‐shoot extract foliar application on 21 stages of grape development. The application was carried out from BBCH 53 (inflorescences clearly visible) to BBCH 85 (softening of berries) to reveal stage‐specific responses of the accumulation of glycosylated aroma precursors at BBCH 89 (berries ripe for harvest), the phenological stage selected to study the treatment effect.RESULTSMicrovine use made it possible to carry out 15 sampling time points during 86 days of the experiment, which were established by the cumulative degree days (CDD) parameter. The results confirmed that vine‐shoot extract treatment had a positive impact on total glycosylated compounds, especially aglycones such as alcohols, terpenes and C13‐norisoprenoids, with a higher effect when the treatment was applied during ripening.CONCLUSIONExtrapolation of the results to grapevines suggests that vine‐shoot extract treatment could modulate the synthesis of grape glycosylated aroma precursors. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis: Comparison Between 2‐Dimensional Ultrasonography (US), 3‐Dimensional US, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Guerriero Stefano , Alcázar Juan Luis , Pascual Maria Angela , Ajossa Silvia , Perniciano Maura , Piras Alba , Mais Valerio , Piras Bruno , Schirru Federica , Benedetto Melis Gian , Saba Luca 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 2‐dimensional (2D) and 3‐dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasonography (US) in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for identification of deep infiltrating endometriosis.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, 159 premenopausal women who underwent surgery for a clinical suspicion of deep infiltrating endometriosis were prospectively enrolled. All women underwent 2DUS, 3DUS, and MRI. The following 3 locations of deep endometriosis were considered: (1) intestinal; (2) other posterior lesions (retrocervical septum, rectovaginal septum, uterosacral ligaments, and vaginal fornix); and (3) anterior. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 2D and 3D transvaginal US in comparison with MRI were determined.ResultsIntestinal deep infiltrating endometriosis was identified by 2DUS in 56 of 66 patients, by 3DUS in 59 of 66, and by MRI in 61 of 66. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed optimal results for 2DUS, 3DUS, and MRI (areas under the curve, 0.86, 0.915, and 0.935, respectively) with a statistically significant difference between 2DUS and MRI (P = .0103), even when the 95% confidence interval showed an overlap. Other posterior deep infiltrating endometriosis was identified by 2DUS in 55 of 75 patients, by 3DUS in 65 of 75, and by MRI in 66 of 75. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed very good results for 2DUS, 3DUS, and MRI (areas under the curve, 0.801, 0.838, and 0.857) with no statistically significant differences. In the 12 women with deep infiltrating endometriosis in the anterior location, the nodules were correctly identified by 2DUS in 3 of 12 patients, by 3DUS in 5 of 12, and by MRI in 6 of 12.ConclusionsOur results seem to suggest that there is a statistically significant difference between 2DUS and MRI for the intestinal location of deep infiltrating endometriosis, whereas no differences were found among the techniques for the other locations.
Impact of forest fires generated black carbon deposition fluxes in Great Hinggan Mountains (China)
Authors: Gao Chuanyu , He Jiabao , Cong Jinxin , Zhang Shaoqing , Wang Guoping 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBlack carbon is produced by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and biomass. The production of black carbon over the last several centuries has been primarily influenced by human activities. Human exploitation of forest resources, together with increases in regional fire frequency and intensity, can increase regional black carbon emissions and can led more black carbon deposited into natural ecosystem. Here, based on 210Pb age‐depth model, we investigated black carbon deposition over several key periods in the last 150 years in 5 peatlands of the Great Hinggan Mountains (Northeast China), an area that has been exploited by humans without forest protection policies. The results showed that average black carbon deposition fluxes from different peatlands in the Great Hinggan Mountains were 1.1 to 4.8 mg·year−1·cm−2, which were similar to other peatland distribution regions and higher than other ecosystems. Frequent and intense fire events during the exploitation period led to regional peak black carbon deposition before the 1980s. After the 1980s, fire events were controlled, and the government implemented forest protection policies that decreased the trend in regional fire frequency in the Great Hinggan Mountains and markedly decreased black carbon deposition. Fire events controlled by regional human activities are therefore the major factor that influence regional black carbon deposition fluxes, and frequent forest fires could increase black carbon deposition fluxes in surrounding ecosystem.
Proper generalized decomposition solutions within a domain decomposition strategy
Authors: Huerta Antonio , Nadal Enrique , Chinesta Francisco 
Published: November 2017

SummaryDomain decomposition strategies and proper generalized decomposition are efficiently combined to obtain a fast evaluation of the solution approximation in parameterized elliptic problems with complex geometries. The classical difficulties associated to the combination of layered domains with arbitrarily oriented midsurfaces, which may require in‐plane–out‐of‐plane techniques, are now dismissed. More generally, solutions on large domains can now be confronted within a domain decomposition approach. This is done with a reduced cost in the offline phase because the proper generalized decomposition gives an explicit description of the solution in each subdomain in terms of the solution at the interface. Thus, the evaluation of the approximation in each subdomain is a simple function evaluation given the interface values (and the other problem parameters). The interface solution can be characterized by any a priori user‐defined approximation. Here, for illustration purposes, hierarchical polynomials are used. The repetitiveness of the subdomains is exploited to reduce drastically the offline computational effort. The online phase requires solving a nonlinear problem to determine all the interface solutions. However, this problem only has degrees of freedom on the interfaces and the Jacobian matrix is explicitly determined. Obviously, other parameters characterizing the solution (material constants, external loads, and geometry) can also be incorporated in the explicit description of the solution.