bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Furazans with Azo Linkages: Stable CHNO Energetic Materials with High Densities, Highly Energetic Performance, and Low Impact and Friction Sensitivities
Authors: Qu Yanyang , Zeng Qun , Wang Jun , Ma Qing , Li Hongzhen , Li Haibo , Yang Guangcheng 
Published: July 2016

AbstractVarious highly energetic azofurazan derivatives were synthesized by simple and efficient chemical routes. These nitrogen‐rich materials were fully characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and high‐resolution mass spectrometry. Four of them were further confirmed structurally by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. These compounds exhibit high densities, ranging from 1.62 g cm−3 up to a remarkably high 2.12 g cm−3 for nitramine‐substituted azofurazan DDAzF (2), which is the highest yet reported for an azofurazan‐based CHNO energetic compound and is a consequence of the formation of strong intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding networks. From the heats of formation, calculated with Gaussian 09, and the experimentally determined densities, the energetic performances (detonation pressure and velocities) of the materials were ascertained with EXPLO5 v6.02. The results suggest that azofurazan derivatives exhibit excellent detonation properties (detonation pressures of 21.8–46.1 GPa and detonation velocities of 6602–10 114 m s−1) and relatively low impact and friction sensitivities (6.0–80 J and 80–360 N, respectively). In particular, they have low electrostatic spark sensitivities (0.13–1.05 J). These properties, together with their high nitrogen contents, make them potential candidates as mechanically insensitive energetic materials with high‐explosive performance.
Combustion Chemistry Diagnostics for Cleaner Processes
Authors: Kohse‐Höinghaus Katharina 
Published: July 2016

AbstractClimate change, environmental problems, urban pollution, and the dependence on fossil fuels demand cleaner, renewable energy strategies. However, they also ask for urgent advances in combustion science to reduce emissions. For alternative fuels and new combustion regimes, crucial information about the chemical reactions from fuel to exhaust remains lacking. Understanding such relations between combustion process, fuel, and emissions needs reliable experimental data from a wide range of conditions to provide a firm basis for predictive modeling of practical combustion processes.
A Highly Stable Nonhysteretic {Cu2(tebpz) MOF+water} Molecular Spring
Authors: Grosu Yaroslav , Li Mian , Peng Yun‐Lei , Luo Dong , Li Dan , Faik Abdessamad , Nedelec Jean‐Marie , Grolier Jean‐Pierre 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA molecular spring formed by a hydrophobic metal–organic framework Cu2(tebpz) (tebpz=3,3′,5,5′‐tetraethyl‐4,4′‐bipyrazolate) and water is presented. This nanoporous heterogeneous lyophobic system (HLS) has exceptional properties compared to numerous reported systems of such type in terms of stability, efficiency, and operating pressure. Mechanical and thermal energetic characteristics as well as stability of the system are discussed and compared in detail with those of other previously reported HLS.
High Energy Density Materials Incorporating 4,5‐Bis(dinitromethyl)‐Furoxanate and 4,5‐Bis(dinitromethyl)‐3‐Oxy‐Furoxanate
Authors: Zhai Lianjie , Qu Xiaoni , Wang Bozhou , Bi Fuqiang , Chen Sanping , Fan Xuezhong , Xie Gang , Wei Qing , Gao Shengli 
Published: July 2016

Abstract3‐Oxy‐furoxanate is immobilized in a heterometallic energetic metal–organic framework (MOFs). Two furoxan‐based MOFs ([Ag2K4(BDOFO)(BDFO)2(H2O)6]n, [K2(BDFO)]n) and a salt ([(BDFO2−)(NH2NH3+)2(H2O)]n (BDOFO2−=4,5‐bis(dinitromethyl)‐3‐oxy‐furoxanate, BDFO2−=4,5‐bis(dinitromethyl)‐furoxanate) are synthesized and their energetic performance evaluated. This study outlines the systematic investigation of detonation performance of 3‐oxy‐furoxan and its derivatives.
Diagnosis of potential stressors adversely affecting benthic invertebrate communities in Greenwich Bay, Rhode Island, USA
Authors: Pelletier Marguerite , Ho Kay , Cantwell Mark , Perron Monique , Rocha Kenneth , Burgess Robert M. , Johnson Roxanne , Perez Kenneth , Cardin John , Charpentier Michael A. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Greenwich Bay is an urbanized embayment of Narragansett Bay potentially impacted by multiple stressors. The present study identified the important stressors affecting Greenwich Bay benthic fauna. First, existing data and information were used to confirm that the waterbody was impaired. Second, the presence of source, stressor, and effect were established. Then linkages between source, stressor, and effect were developed. This allows identification of probable stressors adversely affecting the waterbody. Three pollutant categories were assessed: chemicals, nutrients, and suspended sediments. This weight of evidence approach indicated that Greenwich Bay was primarily impacted by eutrophication-related stressors. The sediments of Greenwich Bay were carbon enriched and low dissolved oxygen concentrations were commonly seen, especially in the western portions of Greenwich Bay. The benthic community was depauperate, as would be expected under oxygen stress. Although our analysis indicated that contaminant loads in Greenwich Bay were at concentrations where adverse effects might be expected, no toxicity was observed, as a result of high levels of organic carbon in these sediments reducing contaminant bioavailability. Our analysis also indicated that suspended sediment impacts were likely nonexistent for much of the Bay. This analysis demonstrates that the diagnostic procedure was useful to organize and assess the potential stressors impacting the ecological well-being of Greenwich Bay. This diagnostic procedure is useful for management of waterbodies impacted by multiple stressors. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:449–462. © 2016 SETAC
On stream selection for interference alignment with limited feedback in heterogeneous networks
Authors: Beyazıt Esra Aycan , Özbek Berna , Le Ruyet Didier 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper presents a stream selection based interference alignment approach with imperfect channel state information for heterogeneous networks. The proposed solution constructs stream sequences by selecting only the strongest stream of each user where the first stream of the constructed stream sequences is associated to a pico user. While selecting the streams, the channel matrices of the unselected streams are projected orthogonally to the virtual transmit and receive channels of the selected stream in order to align the interference in the null space of these virtual channels. In addition, the influence of imperfect channel state information on the proposed algorithm is analysed. A bit allocation scheme is given by deriving an upper bound on the rate loss because of quantisation. The simulation results are carried out by considering various scenarios with different locations of pico cells at the cell edge regions of the macro cell. The performance results show that the proposed algorithm with the imperfect channel state information achieves higher performance than the existing algorithms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extracranial schwannoma in the carotid space: A retrospective review of 91 cases
Authors: Zheng Xiaoke , Guo Kai , Wang Hongshi , Li Duanshu , Wu Yi , Ji Qinghai , Shen Qiang , Sun Tuanqi , Xiang Jun , Zeng Wei , Chen Yaling , Wang Zhuoying 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundSchwannomas of the vagus nerve and cervical sympathetic nerve are rare; hence, only limited information exists regarding their diagnosis and clinical management.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of the clinical features, imaging studies, and treatment results of patients with schwannoma of the vagus nerve and schwannoma of the sympathetic nerve.ResultsOf 91 patients, 91% (n = 83) were preoperatively diagnosed with schwannoma tumors. Using the hyoid bone as an anatomic landmark, the location of the schwannoma of the vagus nerve in the carotid space was significantly different to the location of schwannoma of the sympathetic nerve (p = .003). Although 52 of the 76 patients followed up (68%) had postoperative nerve weaknesses, 13 patients (50%) and 14 patients (53.8%), respectively, fully recovered from schwannoma of the vagus nerve and schwannoma of the sympathetic nerve.ConclusionIn the carotid space, schwannomas of the vagus nerve are usually located below the hyoid bone, whereas schwannomas of the sympathetic nerve more commonly arise from the suprahyoid compartment. Accurate preoperative diagnosis and the intracapsular enucleation surgical approach decreased the incidence of postoperative morbidity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Head Neck 39: 42–47, 2017
Premorbid obesity, but not nutrition, prevents critical illness‐induced muscle wasting and weakness
Authors: Goossens Chloë , Marques Mirna Bastos , Derde Sarah , Vander Perre Sarah , Dufour Thomas , Thiessen Steven E. , Güiza Fabian , Janssens Thomas , Hermans Greet , Vanhorebeek Ilse , De Bock Katrien , Van den Berghe Greet , Langouche Lies 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe ‘obesity paradox’ of critical illness refers to better survival with a higher body mass index. We hypothesized that fat mobilized from excess adipose tissue during critical illness provides energy more efficiently than exogenous macronutrients and could prevent lean tissue wasting.MethodsIn lean and premorbidly obese mice, the effect of 5 days of sepsis‐induced critical illness on body weight and composition, muscle wasting, and weakness was assessed, each with fasting and parenteral feeding. Also, in lean and overweight/obese prolonged critically ill patients, markers of muscle wasting and weakness were compared.ResultsIn mice, sepsis reduced body weight similarly in the lean and obese, but in the obese with more fat loss and less loss of muscle mass, better preservation of myofibre size and muscle force, and less loss of ectopic lipids, irrespective of administered feeding. These differences between lean and obese septic mice coincided with signs of more effective hepatic fatty acid and glycerol metabolism, and ketogenesis in the obese. Also in humans, better preservation of myofibre size and muscle strength was observed in overweight/obese compared with lean prolonged critically ill patients.ConclusionsDuring critical illness premorbid obesity, but not nutrition, optimized utilization of stored lipids and attenuated muscle wasting and weakness.
Leadership, followers' mental health and job performance in organizations: A comprehensive meta‐analysis from an occupational health perspective
Authors: Montano Diego , Reeske Anna , Franke Franziska , Hüffmeier Joachim 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe present meta‐analysis investigates the associations between leadership, followers' mental health, and job performance by taking into account different groups of leadership constructs including transformational leadership, relations‐oriented leadership, task‐oriented leadership, destructive leadership, and leader–member exchange. Six categories of mental health‐related outcomes are considered representing both negative and positive mental health states of followers, namely, affective symptoms, burnout, stress, well‐being, psychological functioning, and health complaints. Meta‐analytic models are used to estimate the association between these categories of leadership and mental health. Our results reveal that transformational leadership, a high quality of relations‐oriented and task‐oriented leadership behavior, as well as a high quality of leader–follower interaction are positively associated with mental health. In contrast, destructive leadership is strongly negatively associated with mental health. In addition, the mediation effects of leadership on job performance via mental health are estimated. Results partially support the mediating role of mental health concerning the relationship between leadership and job performance. Our results emphasize the importance of leadership as an occupational health factor, and they may serve as basis for the planning and designing of occupational health policies and interventions despite existing research limitations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Methotrexate‐induced pneumonitis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report
Authors: Samad Abdul , Khalil Abdul , Ali Iftikhar , Khan Aziz Ullah 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundMethotrexate‐induced pneumonitis (MTX‐P) is rare and life threatening, and a number of possible risk factors have been suggested but none are consistent between studies. Nevertheless, it can be assumed that all patients starting MTX are at risk of MTX‐P.AimThe aim of the present report is to increase awareness of the association between methotrexate and the possible risk of induced pneumonitis.Clinical detailsA 50‐year‐old man presented to a rheumatologist complaining of generalised weakness and low‐grade fever after taking 7.5 mg methotrexate (MTX) twice weekly for 1.5 months for rheumatoid arthritis. The patient was admitted to hospital due to respiratory signs and symptoms. Physical examination revealed the patient was in acute respiratory distress and mildly dehydrated. Scattered coarse crepitations were heard bilaterally and diffusely over lung fields.OutcomeA chest radiograph revealed bilateral diffuse alveolar shadowing. High‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) showed diffuse interstitial changes, diffuse bilateral patchy alveolar shadowing and nodules. The platelet count, blood urea, electrolytes, blood sugar and liver function tests were within normal limits, while the neutrophil percentage was 90%. Owing to the symptoms, MTX‐P was suspected, the drug was discontinued and the therapy switched to oral hydrocortisone, with an observed rapid symptomatic improvement.ConclusionOur patient had a probable diagnosis of MTX‐P. Also, as per the Naranjo casualty assessment scale, he had a probable adverse drug event to MTX (score 7). The drug should be withdrawn as soon as MTX‐P is suspected and an urgent HRCT must be arranged to confirm the diagnosis. The patient should be admitted for supportive measures and corticosteroid treatment. All patients taking MTX should be educated about the symptoms of the disease and must be advised to present early to a respiratory physician. Furthermore, the patient should not be re‐treated after a definite or probable case of MTX‐P.
Ratiometric Fluorescent pH Probes Based on Glycopolymers
Authors: Li Zhiyun , Zhang Pengshan , Lu Wei , Peng Lun , Zhao Yun , Chen Gaojian 
Published: July 2016

Effectively detecting pH changes plays a critical role in exploring cellular functions and determining physiological and pathological processes. A novel ratiometric pH probe based on a glycopolymer, armored with properties of serum‐stability, tumor‐targeting, and pH monitoring, is designed. Random copolymers of 2‐(methacrylamido) glucopyranose and fluorescein O‐methacrylate are first synthesized by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. Acryloxyethyl thiocarbamoyl rhodamine B is then attached to the polymer chain to prepare ratiometric fluorescent pH probes via a thiol‐ene reaction. The synthesized polymeric probes are characterized by NMR, gel permeation chromatography, UV–vis spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, and the fluorescence responses are examined in phosphate buffer at different pHs. The cytotoxicity and confocal imaging experiments of the probes are detected using HeLa cells, demonstrating a low toxicity and superior biocompatibility for detecting pH changes in bioapplications.
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Lifestyle modification intervention improves glycemic control in Mongolian adults who are overweight or obese with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes
Authors: Sonomtseren S. , Sankhuu Y. , Warfel J. D. , Johannsen D. L. , Peterson C. M. , Vandanmagsar B. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of a weight loss intervention in Mongolian adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and with BMIs ≥ 25.0 kg/m2.MethodsEighty participants (33 men/47 women) aged 32–56 years old received education sessions to improve nutritional habits and increase physical activity. Participants were counselled in‐person on two occasions with regular follow‐up by phone to eat less (reduce calorie intake by 30–40% and consume fewer fatty foods), shift food intake to earlier in a day and increase physical activity such as walking, jogging, running and biking. Measurements were performed before and after the 6‐month intervention.ResultsAfter 6 months, the average weight loss was 4.3 ± 4.7 kg, representing a 4.9 ± 5.4% reduction in body weight (p < 0.0001). Mean HbA1c decreased from 8.5 ± 2.7% to 6.0 ± 1.8% (p < 0.0001), and the percent of individuals with HbA1c in the diabetic range dropped from 76.3% to 27.5%. These changes were accompanied by marked improvements in cardiovascular risk factors, including total cholesterol (3.92 ± 1.02 to 3.13 ± 0.80 mmol/l; p < 0.0001) and triglycerides (2.11 ± 0.82 to 1.54 ± 0.51 mmol/l; p < 0.0001), and modest reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe remarkable improvement in glycemic control and lipid profile in participants suggests that a lifestyle modification intervention targeting weight loss may be highly effective for early diabetes treatment and prevention in Mongolians.
The impact of language barriers and immigration status on the care experience for Spanish‐speaking caregivers of patients with pediatric cancer
Authors: Zamora Eduardo R. , Kaul Sapna , Kirchhoff Anne C. , Gwilliam Vannina , Jimenez Ornella A. , Morreall Deborah K. , Montenegro Roberto E. , Kinney Anita Y. , Fluchel Mark N. 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundAn increasing proportion of pediatric cancer patients in the United States are Latino and many have Spanish‐speaking immigrant parents with limited English proficiency (LEP). Little is known about how language or undocumented immigration status impacts their care experience.ProcedureA cross‐sectional survey was administered to English (N = 310) and Spanish‐speaking LEP (N = 56) caregivers of pediatric cancer patients. To assess differences in healthcare experiences between the language groups, t‐tests and chi‐square statistics were used. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated associations between primary language and knowledge of clinical trial status.ResultsSpanish‐speaking caregivers were more likely to report higher rates of quitting or changing jobs as a direct result of their child's cancer, and their children were more likely to experience a delay in education. Although Spanish‐speaking caregivers reported higher satisfaction with care, 32% reported feeling that their child would have received better care if English was their primary language. Spanish‐speaking caregivers were more likely to incorrectly identify whether their child was on a clinical trial compared with English‐speaking caregivers. The majority of Spanish‐speaking caregivers reported at least one undocumented caregiver in the household and 11% of them avoided or delayed medical care for their child due to concerns over their undocumented immigration status.ConclusionsLanguage barriers and undocumented immigration status may negatively impact the quality of informed decision‐making and the care experience for Spanish‐speaking LEP caregivers of pediatric cancer patients. These families may benefit from culturally appropriate Spanish language resources to improve communication and open a dialogue regarding undocumented immigration status.
Metachronous Type I pleuropulmonary blastoma and atypical choroid plexus papilloma in a young child
Authors: Liu David J. , Perrier Renee , Wei Xing‐Chang , Joseph Jeffrey T , Strother Douglas 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare childhood tumor, often associated with germline DICER1 mutations and a risk for development of other benign and malignant tumors, a constellation termed DICER1 syndrome. A 1‐year‐old male was diagnosed with Type I PPB and screened regularly thereafter for detection of intrathoracic and intraabdominal disease. Ten months after diagnosis of PPB, he presented with headaches and vomiting. He was diagnosed with atypical choroid plexus papilloma, a lesion not previously reported with PPB. The presence of central nervous system symptoms in patients with PPB or a phenotype suggestive of DICER1 syndrome should prompt early intracranial imaging.
Teaching invasive prenatal procedures: effectiveness of two simple simulators in training
Authors: Cordier Anne‐Gael , Fuchs Florent , Tassin Mikael , Saada Julien , Letourneau Alexandra , Brisset Sophie , Mandelbrot Laurent , Bidat Laurent , Benachi Alexandra 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundChorionic villus sampling (CVS) and amniocentesis are the major tools of invasive prenatal diagnosis. We studied the effectiveness of two simulators in training in invasive procedures.MethodsTwo affordable and simple simulators were developed, modelling the maternal abdomen and the different tissue layers crossed by the needle. The trainees were evaluated before and after practical and theoretical training. A score evaluating five criteria for technical quality in performing a procedure safely was established. Initial score of 9 or 10 was excluded. The primary endpoint was improvement defined as the change between pre‐test and post‐test, expressed as a percentage of the pre‐test.ResultsA total of 54 residents and 63 specialists in obstetrics and gynaecology participated. Residents improved their scores in the practice of amniocentesis (80% [43–167]) and CVS (100% [29–150]), as well as specialists (100% [25–233] and 67% [33–122]). Specialists who earlier performed one CVS or more than five amniocentesis procedures had a lower increase during training than those who had performed fewer than five procedures (p < 0.01). Being inexperienced in CVS was associated with greater improvement (27% vs 56%, p = 0.003).ConclusionA simple simulator improves the ability of physicians to perform invasive procedures in particular when initial experience is low. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Realistic and interactive high‐resolution 4D environments for real‐time surgeon and patient interaction
Authors: Smith L. N. , Farooq A. R. , Smith M. L. , Ivanov I. E. , Orlando A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundRemote consultations that are realistic enough to be useful medically offer considerable clinical, logistical and cost benefits. Despite advances in virtual reality and vision hardware and software, these benefits are currently often unrealised.MethodThe proposed approach combines high spatial and temporal resolution 3D and 2D machine vision with virtual reality techniques, in order to develop new environments and instruments that will enable realistic remote consultations and the generation of new types of useful clinical data.ResultsNew types of clinical data have been generated for skin analysis and respiration measurement; and the combination of 3D with 2D data was found to offer potential for the generation of realistic virtual consultations.ConclusionAn innovative combination of high resolution machine vision data and virtual reality online methods, promises to provide advanced functionality and significant medical benefits, particularly in regions where populations are dispersed or access to clinicians is limited. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.