bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silk-hydrogel Lenses for Light-emitting Diodes
Authors: Melikov Rustamzhon , Press Daniel Aaron , Kumar Baskaran Ganesh , Dogru Itir Bakis , Sadeghi Sadra , Chirea Mariana , Yılgör İskender , Nizamoglu Sedat 
Published: July 2017

AbstractToday the high demand for electronics leads to massive production of waste, thus green materials based electronic devices are becoming more important for environmental protection and sustainability. The biomaterial based hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering, but their uses in photonics are limited. In this study, silk fibroin protein in hydrogel form is explored as a bio-friendly alternative to conventional polymers for lens applications in light-emitting diodes. The concentration of silk fibroin protein and crosslinking agent had direct effects on optical properties of silk hydrogel. The spatial radiation intensity distribution was controlled via dome- and crater-type silk-hydrogel lenses. The hydrogel lens showed a light extraction efficiency over 0.95 on a warm white LED. The stability of silk hydrogel lens is enhanced approximately three-folds by using a biocompatible/biodegradable poly(ester-urethane) coating and more than three orders of magnitude by using an edible paraffin wax coating. Therefore, biomaterial lenses show promise for green optoelectronic applications.
Room temperature ferroelectricity in fluoroperovskite thin films
Authors: Yang Ming , KC Amit , Garcia-Castro A. C. , Borisov Pavel , Bousquet E. , Lederman David , Romero Aldo H. , Cen Cheng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe NaMnF3 fluoride-perovskite has been found, theoretically, to be ferroelectric under epitaxial strain becoming a promising alternative to conventional oxides for multiferroic applications. Nevertheless, this fluoroperovskite has not been experimentally verified to be ferroelectric so far. Here we report signatures of room temperature ferroelectricity observed in perovskite NaMnF3 thin films grown on SrTiO3. Using piezoresponse force microscopy, we studied the evolution of ferroelectric polarization in response to external and built-in electric fields. Density functional theory calculations were also performed to help understand the strong competition between ferroelectric and paraelectric phases as well as the profound influences of strain. These results, together with the magnetic order previously reported in the same material, pave the way to future multiferroic and magnetoelectric investigations in fluoroperovskites.
A Rare Case of Spontaneous Asymptomatic Renal Artery Pseudoaneurysm Treated with Coil Embolization: A Case Report
Authors: Chataut Dinesh , Maharjan Santosh , Panta Om , Ghimire Ram 
Published: July 2017

Background Renal artery pseudoaneurysm (RAP) is a rare renal vascular abnormality but a life-threatening condition that requires multiple imaging modalities for diagnosis and successful management. It can occur as a complication associated with a percutaneous renal biopsy procedure, renal surgery, and trauma. Asymptomatic spontaneous RAP is also a rare entity and not reported in literature.
Case Presentation A 28-year-old patient presented to the outpatient department for ultrasound of the breast for mastalgia and routine ultrasound of the abdomen. Ultrasound breast was normal; however, a cystic lesion with color uptake with a yin–yang pattern and to-and-fro spectral waveform was seen in the lower pole of left kidney suggesting a pseudoaneurysm. A computed tomography renal angiogram confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was completely asymptomatic with no history of any renal surgery or intervention or any trauma to the abdomen. Her general and systemic examinations were unremarkable. Digital subtraction angiography and coil embolization of the pseudoaneurysm were performed. Absent of flow in the lesion was demonstrated in postembolization angiography images and ultrasound images.
Conclusion RAP has always been described in patients after renal biopsy, surgery, interventions, or trauma. However, we present a case of asymptomatic spontaneous RAP, which was incidentally discovered and effectively treated with coil embolization.
The Endovascular Armamentarium to Save the Dying Brain: Prospects and Challenges
Authors: Poyyamoli Santhosh , Muddhan Prakash Dilip , Ranasingh Rahul , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew 
Published: July 2017

Purpose Acute ischemic stroke was not long ago the territory of the neurologist, where the endovascular surgeon had only started baby steps. The scenario has completely changed post-2015 and now mechanical thrombectomy holds centerstage of the treatment guidelines. The two basic techniques for clot retrieval are the stent retriever thrombectomy and a direct aspiration first-pass technique. Use of one device as an adjunct to the other also has a passing mention in the trials. Tandem occlusions pose issues in accessing the target vessel for clot retrieval, and emergency stenting of the carotid pathway opens further avenues in stroke care.
Cases The authors present four cases of acute ischemic stroke, three of them involving the anterior circulation and one involving the basilar artery. All the cases underwent endovascular therapy, albeit with different techniques. Through the cases, they present the current technology, and its implementation and challenges faced by the interventional radiologist.
Conclusion The availability of a diverse technical repertoire helps in tackling specific scenarios facing the stroke interventionist. The levels of evidence vary for the different weapons at hand, but it is not long before endovascular intervention becomes the panacea for stroke.
Left Common Carotid Artery Agenesis with Hypoplastic Left Internal Carotid Artery Originating from the Aortic Arch: A Rare Anomaly Presenting with Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Ghuman Mandeep , Gupta Vivek , Singh Shankhneel , Dhandapani S. , Khandelwal N. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMost arch anomalies are asymptomatic and detected incidentally on imaging or on autopsy. Occasionally, such anomalies can manifest clinically when associated with another vascular pathology such as an intracranial aneurysm. In this report, we describe a rare case of agenesis of the left common carotid artery with separate origin of the left internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery from the arch discovered on digital subtraction angiography performed during the evaluation of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Knowledge of such anomalies and radiographic appearance is essential for interventional neuroradiologist in planning treatment of such cases.
Viral Oncolytic Therapy
Authors: Zurkiya Omar , Ganguli Suvranu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractViral oncolysis broadly refers to the use of modified viruses to infect and subsequently lyse tumor cells. This concept arises from the observation that viral replication is itself effective in destroying tumor cells. This effect is then amplified by reinfection of adjacent tumor cells by the progeny virion released from lysed tumor cells. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) has been the primary focus of current efforts in viral oncolysis. It is a double-stranded DNA virus that is a ubiquitous pathogen transmitted by direct mucosal contact. HSV-1 possesses several features well suited to viral oncolytic therapy. It does not integrate into the cellular genome, has a large transgene capacity of up to 50 kb, and is already highly prevalent in the general population. In addition, effective antiherpetic agents are available to stop unwanted viral replication. HSV-1 mutants that preferentially replicate in neoplastic cells rather than normal cells have been characterized, and several variants of replication deficient HSV-1 mutants have been created and studied. They follow a common theme in that their replication is significantly attenuated in normal cells, while activated in cancer cells. Studies have been performed in various strains including those known as G207, NV1020, talimogene laherparepvec, and rRp450, and are reviewed here. Viral oncolysis is an exciting area of research with applications to tumors throughout the body. It holds promise as a new treatment for primary and metastatic liver cancer and may soon become a relevant therapy in interventional oncology.
Combined Efficacy of Adrenal Vein Sampling and Imaging Findings in Predicting Clinical Outcomes Following Unilateral Adrenalectomy for Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Srinivasa Rajiv , Anderson Matthew , Dackiw Alan , Pillai Anil , Trimmer Clayton , Kalva Sanjeeva , Reis Stephen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the combined efficacy of adrenal vein sampling (AVS) and imaging findings in predicting successful clinical outcomes following unilateral adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism (PA). A retrospective chart review of 137 patients who underwent AVS between 2009 and 2014 at two hospitals in a single academic institution was performed. Preprocedure demographic, imaging, medication, and laboratory values were reviewed. In general, patients were considered for adrenalectomy when lateralization was suggested on AVS. Clinical outcomes such as improved blood pressure control and preserved renal function after adrenalectomy were correlated with preprocedure variables. AVS was technically successful in 120 out of 137 patients. Lateralization was seen in 64 patients and 48 out of 64 patients underwent adrenalectomy. Out of 48, 43 patients had an adrenal nodule on preoperative imaging, while 5 did not. 28 patients showed improvement in blood pressure after adrenalectomy, all of which had a nodule on imaging. Of the 28 patients, 22 also showed preservation of renal function. None of the remaining 5 (out of 48) patients who demonstrated lateralization on AVS and had no nodule on imaging showed clinical improvement following adrenalectomy. The presence of an adrenal nodule on preoperative imaging was also associated with improved blood pressure control (p = 0.022) and preserved renal function (p = 0.048) following adrenalectomy. Improved blood pressure control and preserved renal function in patients with PA who underwent adrenalectomy following lateralization on AVS are associated with the identification of an adrenal nodule on preoperative imaging.
Flow Diversion in Ruptured Blood Blister Aneurysms: Single Centre Experience
Authors: Kumar Dilip , R. Rahul , P. Santhosh , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew , Kheradia Dharav , Anand Rinoy 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBlood blister aneurysms are extremely rare, and its treatment continues to be controversial. Although surgery was the only available treatment a decade ago, today newer endovascular devices such as flow diverters (FDs) appears to have very low complication rates with good long-term results. We analyzed our data of seven patients who angiographically had features of a blister aneurysm. All these patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Six of these were in anterior circulation, all of which were in internal carotid artery (ICA) and one was in a P1 segment of posterior cerebral artery (PCA). All of the patients except one in PCA were treated with FDs. One of the patients died (14.3%) following the procedure secondary to thrombosis of FD. Rest of the patients did well postprocedure with the good clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] of less than or equal to 2 at 1-month follow-up) in 85.7% patients. Five of the patients showed complete obliteration of an aneurysm (83.3%) on 6-month follow-up angiography. The only patient with an aneurysm in PCA showed persistence of an aneurysm and this particular lesion was instead treated by a single stent. Blister aneurysms pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and demand prompt treatment. Considering that all patients who were treated with FD had complete obliteration, it can be inferred that FD can be the treatment of choice in patients with blister aneurysms presenting with SAH. Further, with the introduction of small vessel FD, thrombotic complications may reduce, lowering the morbidity and mortality. Isolated stenting may not be an optimal treatment of a blister aneurysm.
Hepatic Hydrothorax: The Conundrum and the Oxymoron
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Patidar Yashwant , Maiwall Rakhi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHepatic hydrothorax (HH) is an infrequent but a well-known complication of portal hypertension. Medical management of this condition often fails, and there are no large randomized-controlled trials establishing the best treatment strategies. HH thus represents a formidable entity in the management of end-stage liver disease, and the only definitive treatment is liver transplantation. Despite documented ominous outcome, tube thoracostomy (TT) is still a widely practiced approach to HH mostly by the unaware primary care physician. This communication reports the occurrence of pleurosubcutaneous fistula as a presenting complication of TT in a patient with HH. TT should thus be avoided at all costs in this subset of patients because it is fraught with multiple complications. This report reinforces the importance of clinical education and awareness of these complications and outcomes of TT in a cirrhotic patient with HH.
Analytical Evaluation of a Vancomycin Immunoassay in Synovial Fluid
Authors: Luceri Francesca , Balboni Fiamma , Balato Giovanni , Pezzati Paola , Cini Nicoletta , Virgili Gianni , Baldini Andrea 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn clinical laboratories performing routine activities, the need to answer the burning clinical question in emerging field may be limited by lack of technology support or assays accessibility. Commercially available methods, although originally validated for specific biological matrices, may be employed for other matrices, following appropriate guidelines such as Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP 19. We investigated the use of a vancomycin assay with synovial fluid samples, in view of a possible employment in vancomycin release study. The standard of care of periprosthetic joint infection is a two-stage revision surgery with antibiotic-loaded bone cement implantation. Vancomycin, for its activity against gram-positive bacteria even multidrug-resistant staphylococci, is the most widely used antibiotic. Despite the widespread use of such devices, little is known about the in vivo elution in the joint space. Clinical laboratories equipped with a validated, affordable method to quantify vancomycin in synovial fluid, may support clinical research, and give an important contribution to the study of the pharmacokinetics of antibiotic release from bone cement matrix.
Transient Common Peroneal and Tibial Nerve Palsy Following Knee Arthroscopy for the Treatment of Discoid Lateral Meniscus
Authors: Bernardi Gabriele , Tudisco Cosimo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe number of knee arthroscopies has increased rapidly since the 1980s and are among the most common orthopedic procedures today. It is generally considered a minimally invasive surgery with relatively low morbidity, but it is not without risk of complications. We report the case of a 14-year-old boy who developed a lesion of common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve after knee arthroscopy for a torn discoid lateral meniscus, which was confirmed by electromyogram study.
Arthroscopic Reduction with Endobutton Fixation for Glenoid Fracture
Authors: Taverna Ettore , Guarrella Vincenzo , Freehill Michael , Garavaglia Guido 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGlenoid rim fractures, accompanied by acute glenohumeral dislocation or subluxation usually results in persistent instability. Traditionally open reduction and internal fixation has been recommended in displaced intra-articular glenoid fractures. However, open reduction is difficult, and it may not be possible to address the associated intra-articular soft-tissue injuries. A few reports of arthroscopic-assisted fixation of these fractures have been recently published. The most anatomic method for addressing an acute glenoid rim lesion is a reduction (either open or arthroscopic) and internal fixation. We are reporting a case of arthroscopic reduction and fixation of a glenoid fracture utilizing Endobuttons with clinical and radiological results at 18 months follow-up.
Early Efficacy of Intra-Articular HYADD® 4 (Hymovis®) Injections for Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Priano Ferdinando 
Published: July 2017

Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical effects of HYADD® 4, an hydrogel based on a hyaluronic acid derivative, in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, on symptoms, and joint function.
Methods This retrospective study of patients with Kellgren–Lawrence grade II to IV knee osteoarthritis (American College of Rheumatology criteria) enrolled patients who had received two infiltrations of HYADD® 4, (24 mg/3 mL) 1 week apart, and evaluated: pain at rest, pain with movement, change in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score; change in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)/acetaminophen use; satisfaction with therapy; tolerability. Study duration was 6 months for all predefined endpoints, with a 6-month extension for pain symptoms only.
Results After 6 months, all predefined endpoints were evaluable in 698 of 937 enrolled patients (74.5%). Mean WOMAC scores were reduced by 56.3% from baseline (p < 0.05). NSAIDs/acetaminophen use ≥2 times/week (48.8% of patients at baseline) was substantially reduced after 1 month and was 19.6% after 6 months. After 6 months, 85.6% of patients were satisfied about efficacy. There were no significant adverse effects. The effect on resting pain was rapid, strong, and lasting: reduction from baseline was 45.1% at 1 month (p < 0.05), 56.8% at 6 months (p < 0.05), and 53.6% at 12 months (p < 0.05). Pain on moving was reduced by 47.4% after 6 months (p < 0.05) and 46.0% after 12 months (p < 0.05), results at 6 and 12 months were similar.
Conclusion HYADD® 4 is a new-generation hyaluronic acid with distinctive viscoelastic and rheological properties. In patients with mild-to-severe knee OA (Kellgren–Lawrence grades II–IV), two consecutive infiltrations 1 week apart reduced WOMAC scores and NSAIDs/acetaminophen consumption for at least 6 months. In a subpopulation (n = 106), efficacy on pain lasted approximately 12 months. Adverse events were reported in 11.2% of patients; the most frequent were arthralgias. No cases of allergic reactions or systemic effects were recorded.
Level of Evidence Level IV, retrospective case series.
Is Selfie a New Cause of Increasing Rhinoplasties?
Authors: Özgür Erdoğan , Cingi Cemal , Muluk Nuray 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe digital world and social media are becoming increasingly important. Social media connect people together in a visual manner. Profile photographs are required by most social networking sites. A trend toward the increasing popularity of selfies on social media has rendered people more aware of their appearance. A selfie is a photograph that one takes of oneself, usually employing a smartphone or webcam, which is then shared on social media. Thus, the demand for aesthetic procedures correcting imperfections such as a prominent nose has increased, for which the technique is a rhinoplasty. Patients with reasonable expectations, treated by skilled surgeons, are usually very happy with the results. Rhinoplasty does not cure low self-esteem, but does correct more visible imperfections of the face. Although some hope that a rhinoplasty will resolve many unwanted facial features besides nose problems, it can only change the size and shape of the nose, improving its form. However, in the age of the selfie, everyone wants to look better. Self-consciousness is increasing, as are concerns over grooming and appearance at work and social events. These issues have become more important in recent years with the increase in selfie-taking; people are now more aware of how their nose appears to others. In this review, we discuss whether selfie-taking has triggered a rise in rhinoplasties along with a detailed survey of the literature.
Care of the Cocaine User with Nasal Deformity
Authors: Joshi Anil , D'Souza Alwyn , Walker Abigail 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCocaine is the most commonly used stimulant in the Western world, and its use is increasing not only in young people but also in people older than 40 years. Intranasal use is associated with several pathologies, ranging from crusting and blockage, to fibrosis and scarring, to destruction of the osteocartilaginous structures of the midface. As its use becomes more prevalent in society, the reconstructive surgeon can accordingly expect to be faced with an increasing number of patients with cocaine-related nasal deformity. However, the use of cocaine adds a significant layer of complexity to the perioperative and operative care that requires careful consideration by the whole health care team. We present a practical evidence-based guide to management of reconstruction of the cocaine nose, taking in all aspects of periprocedural care. Finally, we present a model for surgical approach based on best evidence and the experience of the senior author. A search was performed of the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Collection database using both MeSH keywords and free text words, identifying key articles on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and medical and psychiatric comorbidities of cocaine users. Both case series and case reports reporting cocaine-associated defects and their reconstruction were reviewed together with the senior authors (A.D.S., A.J.), and a series of recommendations synthesized based on these recommendations. The nasal deformities associated with cocaine use represent only the tip of the iceberg of underlying associated pathology. The surgeon who embarks upon reconstruction of the cocaine nose should be aware of possible coexisting medical and psychiatric comorbidities that may complicate both the patient's motivations for surgery and their fitness to undergo anesthesia. Ultimately, successful reconstructive outcomes are critically dependent on holistic perioperative care and the surgeon's ability to be flexible in their surgical approach.
The Human Sense of Olfaction
Authors: Hummel Thomas , Walliczek-Dworschak Ute 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe sense of olfaction is important not only for the detection of potential dangers such as fire or spoilt food, but also for the quality of life of human beings. In this article, we review the characteristics of the sense of smell and give a short overview about possible olfactory dysfunctions and their therapy.