bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation Counseling at Clinical Encounters: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2000
Authors: Lucan Sean C. , Ratz David L. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Characterize factors associated with smoking-cessation counseling in clinical encounters. Design Cross-sectional analysis of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2000 data. Setting U.S. households. Subjects 10,582 smokers (aged ≥ 18 years) reporting one or more clinical encounters during the prior year. Measures Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for quit advice associated with respondent and encounter variables. Results Almost 55 % of respondents were advised to quit smoking. Young men were advised to quit least often. Increasing age (18–24, 25–39, 40–64, ≥65 years) was associated with increasing odds of receiving quit advice (OR = 1.33, CI 1.10–1.61) for men. Other positive associations with quit advice included patient education, BMI, diagnosis of asthma, and private health insurance. Patients seeing physicians had greater odds of being advised to quit smoking (OR = 3.29, CI 2.13–5.06) than those seeing dentists. There was a 4% to 23% chance of receiving quit advice at any given nondental clinical encounter; the odds of such counseling did not rise significantly with the number of visits. Conclusion Smoking cessation counseling may be provided preferentially on the basis of patient demographics, and often is not provided at all. In a given year, just over half of smoking patients are advised to quit, and such counseling is provided at less than a quarter of clinical encounters.
Both Obesity and Lack of Physical Activity are Associated with a Less Favorable Health-related Quality of Life in Hong Kong Chinese
Authors: Ko Gary T.C. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To investigate the relationships among obesity, physical activity and quality of life (QOL) in Hong Kong Chinese adults. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 876 subjects (32.9% men and 67.1% women, mean age: 34.8 ± 7.9 years) from a nonmanual working population. The Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 (SF-36, Chinese version) was used for health-related QOL. Level of physical activity was assessed with self-reported questionnaire. Obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. Results 31% of men and 9% of women were obese (overall 16.0%). Obese subjects had lower scores on some of the SF-36 subscales. As the level of physical activity decreased, mean scores on most SF-36 subscales also progressively decreased. Obese women who had no regular physical activity had lower scores on some QOL subscales than obese women who had some regular physical activity. Discussion Among this Hong Kong Chinese sample, both obesity and lack of physical activity are associated with lower scores on QOL.
The Role of Employment Diversification in Reducing Vulnerability to Poverty among Marginal and Small-holder Agricultural Households in India
Authors: Dey Sagarika 
Published: January 2018

This article combines two relatively nascent and inter-related approaches to poverty analysis and measurement, that is, the asset-based approach and the vulnerability approach to assess the poverty status of various land-owning classes in rural India. Contingent on the finding that marginal and small-holder households constitute a high-risk group in terms of the incidence of current poverty and vulnerability to future poverty, the study explores the role of non-agricultural activity in providing livelihood security and tackling poverty and vulnerability among land-poor rural households. The findings reveal that while most types of rural non-farm employment have significant poverty-reducing effects, human capital constitutes the most potent element in tackling poverty in the target group. We therefore suggest that an emphasis on skill upgradation of marginal and small landholders, coupled with policies directed towards development of non-farm activity, could provide an effective, permanent solution for curbing poverty and mitigating livelihood risks among these households. JEL Classification: I31, I32, J21, O18
Role of Subtalar Arthroscopy in Operative Treatment of Sanders Type 2 Calcaneal Fractures Using a Sinus Tarsi Approach
Authors: Park Chul Hyun , Yoon Doo Hyung 
Published: January 2018

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of subtalar arthroscopy in the operative treatment of Sanders type 2 calcaneus fractures using a sinus tarsi approach. Methods: Forty-six Sanders type 2 calcaneal fractures were consecutively treated using a sinus tarsi approach. Intraoperative fluoroscopy was used to evaluate fracture reduction in the first 23 patients (fluoroscopy group), and intraoperative fluoroscopy and subtalar arthroscopy were used in the latter 23 patients (arthroscopy group). Clinical evaluations were performed using a visual analog scale, the Ankle-Hindfoot Scale developed by the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society, and Short Form Health Survey. Radiographic evaluations were performed using calcaneal and lateral radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans. Böhler’s angles and calcaneal widths were compared between the groups. Reduction of the posterior facet was graded according to articular step, defect, and angulation of the posterior facet on CT. Results: At the last follow-up, clinical results as well as Böhler’s angles and calcaneal widths were not different between the groups. On immediately postoperative CT, reduction of the posterior facet showed a higher-than-good grade in 17 feet (73.9%) in the fluoroscopy group and a higher-than-good grade in 22 feet (95.7%) in the arthroscopy group, and these values were significantly different between the groups ( P = .04). Conclusion: A combined approach using fluoroscopy and subtalar arthroscopy showed better reduction of the posterior facet on CT than using fluoroscopy alone. Therefore, subtalar arthroscopy could be a useful method for detecting joint incongruence when using the sinus tarsi approach for Sanders type 2 calcaneal fractures. Level of Evidence: Level III, comparative series.
Association of the polymorphism 12109g>A from the REN gene as a risk factor for preterm birth
Authors: Rodríguez-Sánchez Irám P , Suárez-Caro Stephania , Rivas-Solís Fernando , Delgado-Enciso Iván , Sánchez-Chaparro María M , Gómez-Govea Mayra A , Martínez-de-Villarreal Laura E , Valdez-Velazquez Laura L 
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Preterm birth is the most important cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. It is a multifactorial disease with different etiologies, including genetic factors. Genetic variability is represented by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of proteins involved in the contractile activity. We determine the association between SNP 12109G> A in REN associated with preterm birth and premature rupture of membrane. Materials and methods: A study of cases ( N=112, 22–36 weeks of gestation; mean: 31, 95% confidence interval 30.7–32.2) and controls ( N=66; 38–40 weeks of gestation from the last menstrual period; mean: 39.8, 95% confidence interval 38.9–39.4) was performed. Genomic DNA was isolated in all patients from peripheral blood. The SNP 12109G> A ( Mbo I) in REN was typified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: A significant difference in the case group for the SNP 12109G>A was observed. The A allele was increased in women with preterm birth (81% cases vs. 15% control, p<0.0000004). There was also a significant difference between genotypes, mainly an excess of G/A heterozygotes in women with preterm birth (60% cases vs. 23% controls). The phenotype 12109G> A has odds ratio 6.62 (95% confidence interval 3.14–14.15), which means a high risk of preterm birth/premature rupture of membrane in presence of allele A, both in homozygotes and in heterozygotes. Conclusion: Allelic frequency of A of SNP 12109G>A was higher in women with preterm birth than in women with normal vaginal delivery and could be considered a risk factor.
Leptospirosis presenting as severe cardiogenic shock: A case report
Authors: Forbat E , Rouhani MJ , Pavitt C , Patel S , Handslip R , Ledot S 
Published: January 2018

Background Leptospirosis is a rare infectious illness caused by the Spirochaete Leptospira. It has a wide-varying spectrum of presentation. We present a rare case of severe cardiogenic shock secondary to leptospirosis, in the absence of its common clinical features. Case presentation A 36-year-old woman presented to our unit with severe cardiogenic shock and subsequent multi-organ failure. Her clinical course was characterised by ongoing pyrexia of unknown origin with concurrent cardiac failure. She was initially managed with broad-spectrum antibiotics and inotropes. Percutaneous cardiac biopsy excluded major causes of myocarditis. On day 21 after presentation, she was found to be IgM-positive for leptospirosis. Conclusions This is a rare case of severe cardiogenic shock secondary to leptospirosis infection. The case also highlights the importance of obtaining a thorough social history when assessing a patient with an unusual presentation, as clues can often be missed.
Psychological outcomes following a nurse-led preventative psychological intervention for critically ill patients trial: Statistical and health economic analysis plan
Authors: Wulff Jerome , Sadique Zia , Grieve Richard , Howell David , Mouncey Paul , Wade Dorothy , Rowan Kathryn M , Harrison David A 
Published: January 2018

The Psychological Outcomes following a nurse-led Preventative Psychological Intervention for critically ill patients trial is a cluster-randomised controlled trial of the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a complex nurse-led preventative psychological intervention compared with usual care in reducing patient-reported post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity, and other reported psychological morbidities, at six months among Level 3 (intensive care) patients in adult general critical care units in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. This paper describes the proposed statistical and health economic analyses for the Psychological Outcomes following a nurse-led Preventative Psychological Intervention for critically ill patients trial. It is important to complete and publish this plan before inspecting and locking the trial data to ensure that post hoc and data-derived decisions are avoided. Trial registration: ISRCTN53448131
Association between serum calcium, serum phosphate and aortic stenosis with implications for prevention
Authors: Wald David S , Bestwick Jonathan P 
Published: January 2018

Background Aortic stenosis is the most common cause of valvular heart disease with no means of prevention. Lowering serum levels of calcium or phosphate are potential preventive strategies but observational studies on the associations with aortic stenosis are inconsistent. Design and methods A case–control study was conducted in 132 individuals undergoing echocardiography (63 with aortic stenosis and 69 without) and the results combined with three other comparable studies (914 individuals overall) to provide a summary odds ratio of aortic stenosis for a 0.1 mmol/L increase (approximately one standard deviation) in calcium and phosphate respectively. The relationship between calcium and phosphate and the severity of aortic stenosis, according to peak trans-aortic velocity, was also examined in the case–control study using linear regression. Results Both calcium and phosphate were positively associated with aortic stenosis. The summary odds ratio for a 0.1 mmol/L increase in calcium was 1.79 (95% confidence interval 1.07–2.99), p = 0.027 and for phosphate it was 1.47 (1.08–2.01), p = 0.015. Peak trans-aortic velocity increased with phosphate levels, 9% (4%–14%) per 0.1 mmol/L, p = 0.001, but not with calcium, p = 0.089. Conclusions If the associations are causal and reversible, these results indicate that a small reduction in calcium or phosphate levels, within the physiological rage, would translate into a clinically significant reduction in the risk of aortic stenosis. Randomised trials of calcium and phosphate lowering therapies in aortic stenosis are needed.
BAFF and CD4+ T cells are major survival factors for long-lived splenic plasma cells in a B-cell–depletion context
Authors: Thai Lan-Huong , Le Gallou Simon , Robbins Ailsa , Crickx Etienne , Fadeev Tatiana , Zhou Zhicheng , Cagnard Nicolas , Mégret Jérôme , Bole Christine , Weill Jean-Claude , Reynaud Claude-Agnès , Mahévas Matthieu 
Published: January 2018

Key Points
Modification of the splenic microenvironment induced by B-cell depletion creates a dependence of PCs on BAFF and CD4+ T cells. Combining anti-CD20 and anti-BAFF reduces the number of splenic PCs, opening therapeutic perspectives for antibody-mediated cytopenia.
Comparative effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants and warfarin in patients with cancer and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Shah Surbhi , Norby Faye L. , Datta Yvonne H. , Lutsey Pamela L. , MacLehose Richard F. , Chen Lin Y. , Alonso Alvaro 
Published: January 2018

Key Points
In AF and cancer patients, rate of bleeding is lower with apixaban, similar in dabigatran and rivaroxaban users, compared to warfarin users. Ischemic stroke rates did not differ among anticoagulant users. Incident VTE risk was lower in all DOAC compared with warfarin users.
Variability of PD-L1 expression in mastocytosis
Authors: Hatch Ellen W. , Geeze Mary Beth , Martin Cheyenne , Salama Mohamed E. , Hartmann Karin , Eisenwort Gregor , Blatt Katharina , Valent Peter , Gotlib Jason , Lee Ji-Hyun , Chen Lu , Ward Heather H. , Lidke Diane S. , George Tracy I. 
Published: January 2018

Key Points
PD-L1 is variably expressed in MCs from patients with SM and CM. PD-1 is expressed in MCs in a subset of patients with CM, but not SM.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: miR-3928v is induced by HBx via NF-κB/EGR1 and contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma malignancy by down-regulating VDAC3
Authors: Zhang Qiaoge , Song Ge , Yao Lili , Liu Yankun , Liu Min , Li Shengping , Tang Hua 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) plays a critical role in the tumorigenic behavior of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to participate in HCC development via the regulation of their target genes. However, HBV-modulated miRNAs involved in tumorigenesis remain to be identified. Here, we found that a novel highly expressed miRNA, TLRC-m0008_3p (miR-3928v), may be an important factor that promotes the malignancy of HBV-related HCC.

Methods
Solexa sequencing was applied to profile miRNAs, and RT-qPCR was used to identify and quantitate miRNAs. We studied miR-3928v function in HCC cell lines by MTT, colony formation, migration/invasion, and vascular mimicry (VM) assays in vitro and by a xenograft tumor model in vivo. Finally, we predicted and verified the target gene of miR-3928v by a reporter assay, studied the function of this target gene, and cloned the promoter of miR-3928v and the transcription factor for use in dual-luciferase reporter assays and EMSAs.

Results
A variant of miR-3928 (miR-3928v) was identified and found to be highly expressed in HBV (+) HCC tissues. Voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (VDAC3) was validated as a target of miR-3928v and found to mediate the effects of miR-3928v in promoting HCC growth and migration/invasion. Furthermore, HBx protein increased early growth response 1 (EGR1) expression and facilitated its translocation into the nucleus to enhance miR-3928v promoter activity in an NF-κB signaling-dependent manner.

Conclusions
miR-3928v is induced by HBx through the NF-κB/EGR1 signaling pathway and down-regulates the tumor suppressor gene VDAC3 to accelerate the progression of HCC.
Synergistic effect of eugenol with Colistin against clinical isolated Colistin-resistant Escherichia coli strains
Authors: Wang Yi-ming , Kong Ling-cong , Liu Jie , Ma Hong-xia 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundBacterial infections have become more challenging to treat due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Combined antibiotics prove to be a relatively effective method to control such resistant strains. This study aim to investigate synergistic activity of eugenol combined with colistin against a collection of clinical isolatedEscherichia coli(E.coli) strains, and to evaluate potential interaction.MethodsAntimicrobial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of the bacteria were determined by disk diffusion assay, broth microdilution method and checkerboard assay, respectively. The mcr-1 mRNA expression was measured by Real-time PCR. To predict possible interactions between eugenol and MCR-1, molecular docking assay was taken.ResultsFor total fourteen strains including eight colistin-resistant strains, eugenol was determined with MIC values of 4 to 8 μg/mL. Checkerboard dilution test suggested that eugenol exhibited synergistic activity when combined with colistin (FICI ranging from 0.375 to 0.625). Comparison analysis of Real-time PCR showed that synergy could significantly down-regulate expression of mcr-1 gene. A metal ion coordination bond with catalytic zinc atom and a hydrogen bond with crucial amino acid residue Ser284 of MCR-1 were observed after molecular docking, indicating antibacterial activity and direct molecular interactions of eugenol with MCR-1 protein.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that eugenol exhibited synergistic effect with colistin and enhanced its antimicrobial activity. This might further contribute to the antibacterial actions against colistin-resistantE.colistrains.Graphical abstractSynergistic effect of eugenol with colistin against colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates.
Palladium-Catalyzed Homo- and Copolymerization of Polar Monomers: Synthesis of Aliphatic and Aromatic Polymers
Authors: Ito Shingo 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed coordination–insertion polymerization of olefins is an indispensable tool in polymer synthesis. When polar monomers with polar functional groups are employed, however, the catalysts are often deactivated owing to side reactions such as σ-coordination and β-elimination of the functional group. Nevertheless, recent progress in late transition metal catalysis has enabled the synthesis of many types of functional polymers from polar monomers through coordination–insertion polymerization methods. This account describes our achievements in the palladium-catalyzed coordination–insertion (co)polymerization of polar monomers for the syntheses of a variety of functional polymers, ranging from functionalized polyolefins via olefin/polar monomer copolymerization to o-arylene-containing polymers via formal aryne polymerization.
City-based action to reduce harmful alcohol use: review of reviews
Authors: Anderson Peter , Jané-Llopis Eva , Hasan Omer Syed Muhammad , Rehm Jürgen 
Published: January 2018

Background: The World Health Organization global strategy on alcohol called for municipal policies to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. Yet, there is limited evidence that documents the impact of city-level alcohol policies. Methods: Review of reviews for all years to July 2017. Searches on OVID Medline, Healthstar, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED, Social Work Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Mental Measurements Yearbook, Health and Psychosocial Instruments, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, International Political Science Abstracts, NASW Clinical Register, and Epub Ahead of Print databases. All reviews that address adults, without language or date restrictions resulting from combining the terms (“review” or “literature review” or “review literature” or “data pooling” or “comparative study” or “systematic review” or “meta-analysis” or “pooled analysis”), and “alcohol”, and “intervention” and (“municipal” or “city” or “community”). Results: Five relevant reviews were identified. Studies in the reviews were all from high income countries and focussed on the acute consequences of drinking, usually with one target intervention, commonly bars, media, or drink-driving. No studies in the reviews reported the impact of comprehensive city-based action. One community cluster randomized controlled trial in Australia, published after the reviews, failed to find convincing evidence of an impact of community-based interventions in reducing adult harmful use of alcohol. Conclusions: To date, with one exception, the impact of adult-oriented comprehensive community and municipal action to reduce the harmful use of alcohol has not been studied. The one exception failed to find a convincing effect. We conclude with recommendations for closing this evidence gap.
Water source most suitable for rearing a sensitive malaria vector, Anopheles funestus in the laboratory
Authors: Tchigossou Genevieve M. , Akoton Romaric , Yessoufou Akadiri , Djegbe Innocent , Zeukeng Francis , Atoyebi Seun M , Tossou Eric , Moutairou Kabirou , Djouaka Rousseau 
Published: January 2018

Background: The insecticide susceptibility status ofAnopheles funestus,one of the main malaria vectors in the Afrotropical regions, remains under-studied due to the difficulty of working with this mosquito species. Collecting their larvae in natural breeding sites, rearing and maintaining them in normal laboratory conditions have been a difficult task. Forced-egg laying technique has been a very good tool to generate eggs from adult mosquitoes collected from the wild but rearing these eggs to obtain satisfying portion as adults has always been the problem. In this study, we optimized the development of mosquito species larvae under standard laboratory conditions for desired production of adult mosquitoes that can be useful for insecticide susceptibility tests.Methods: A forced-egg laying technique was used to obtain eggs from gravid femaleAnopheles funestuscollected from Kpome locality in Benin. Eggs were reared in three different water samples (water from the borehole, and two mineral water namely FIFA and Possotômè) and larvae were fed with TetraMin baby fish food. The physico-chemical parameters of the waters were investigated prior to use for egg incubation (introduction of eggs’ batches into water).Results:In contrast to mineral water that had no contamination, the borehole water source was contaminated with lead (2.5mg/L) and nitrate (118.8mg/L). Egg hatching rates ranged as 91.9 ± 4.4%, 89.1 ± 2.5% and 87.9 ± 2.6% in FIFA, Possotômè and borehole water respectively. High emergence of larvae to adult mosquitoes was recorded as in FIFA (74.3%) and Possotômè (79.5%) water. No adult mosquito was obtained from larvae reared in borehole water.Conclusions:This study gave insight on the water sources that could be good for rearing to mass produceAn. funestusin the laboratory. More analysis with other local mineral water sources in our environments could be considered in the future, hopefully giving better outputs.