bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effectiveness of 9-Valent HPV Vaccination for Patients Treated for High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in the UK
Authors: Cherif Alhaji , Ovcinnikova Olga , Palmer Cody , Engelbrecht Kayla , Reuschenbach Miriam , Daniels Vincent 
Published: October 2024

ImportancePatients who have been treated for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN grade ≥2) are at a high risk for subsequent CIN and other cancers and diseases related to human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV vaccination can reduce the risk of subsequent disease in patients surgically treated for grade 2 or greater CIN; however, there is no formal recommendation for prophylactic HPV vaccination in this high-risk population, and the cost-effectiveness is unknown.ObjectiveTo assess the incremental lifetime outcomes, costs, and cost-effectiveness of integrating peritreatment 9-valent HPV (9vHPV) vaccination in combination with posttreatment surveillance for the prevention of cervical cancer and other HPV-attributable diseases in patients surgically treated for grade 2 or greater CIN vs posttreatment surveillance alone from a UK payer perspective.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis economic evaluation used 3 independent Markov model structures. Model inputs for vaccine efficacy, utilities, and costs were obtained from published sources, and cervical cancer screening data were obtained from the National Health Service Cervical Screening Program. Costs were adjusted to 2022 to 2023 reference years. Data were analyzed from October 2022 to September 2023.ExposurePeritreatment vaccination with 9vHPV in combination with posttreatment surveillance compared with posttreatment surveillance alone.Main Outcomes and MeasuresClinical outcomes included grade 1, 2, or 3 CIN; cervical cancer; vaginal cancer; vulvar cancer; anal cancer; head and neck cancer; genital warts; and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) using a willingness-to-pay threshold (WTP) of £20 000 (US $26 200) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) were estimated. Deterministic sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed.ResultsVaccination with 9vHPV in conjunction with posttreatment surveillance was cost-effective, with a favorable ICER of £13 789.07 (US $18 064.68) per QALY gained (ie, below the WTP of £20 000 per QALY) vs posttreatment surveillance alone. The resulting ICER was £52 358.01 (US $68 588.99) per HPV-related cancer averted and £64 090 (US $83 958.18) per HPV-related cancer death averted. The ICER was most sensitive to discount rate, incidence of HPV infection, vaccine price, and age at initial treatment for grade 2 or greater CIN. Results of the probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed peritreatment 9vHPV vaccination was cost-effective at the WTP recommended by the UK’s Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (90% of iterations &amp;lt;£30 000 [US $39 300] per QALY) in 100% of iterations.Conclusions and RelevanceThese findings suggest that peritreatment prophylactic 9vHPV vaccination is a cost-effective option for preventing subsequent HPV-attributable diseases in patients surgically treated for grade 2 or greater CIN.
Infective Endocarditis Among Women Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Adams Janica A. , Spence Cara , Shojaei Esfandiar , Thandrasisla Priyadarshini , Gupta Anmol , Choi Yun-Hee , Skinner Stuart , Silverman Michael 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceIn the US and Canada, women comprise approximately one-third of people who inject drugs (PWID); however, clinical characteristics and outcomes of injection drug use complications in women are poorly described.ObjectiveTo identify clinical characteristics and outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE) among women who inject drugs (WWID).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a retrospective cohort study of PWID with definite IE (per 2023 Duke–International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases criteria) admitted from April 5, 2007, to March 15, 2018, at 5 tertiary-care hospitals in London, Ontario, and Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. Data were analyzed from June 1, 2023, to August 2, 2024. Descriptive analyses were conducted for baseline characteristics at index hospitalization and stratified by sex.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the difference in 5-year survival between female and male PWID with IE. The secondary outcome was 1-year survival. Multivariable time-dependent Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were conducted for variables of clinical importance to evaluate 5-year mortality.ResultsOf 430 PWID with IE, 220 (51.2%) were women; of 332 non-PWID with IE, 101 (30.4%) were women. WWID with IE were younger than men (median [IQR] age, 31.5 [27.0-38.5] vs 38.5 [31.0-49.0] years), and 11 of 220 (5.0%) were pregnant at index hospitalization, although only 12 of 220 (5.5%) had contraceptive use documented. Women had a larger proportion of right-sided IE than men (158 of 220 women [71.8%] vs 113 of 210 men [53.8%]). WWID living in urban areas had higher mortality than WWID in rural areas (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.70; 95% CI, 1.15-6.34; P = .02). Overall mortality was lower among PWID referred for substance use disorder counseling in centers with inpatient services compared with centers with only outpatient referrals (aHR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.17-0.51; P &amp;lt; .001). Overall mortality was lower with right-sided heart disease for both women (aHR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.27-0.71; P &amp;lt; .001) and men (aHR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.10-0.50; P &amp;lt; .001) and was higher with congestive heart failure for both women (aHR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.29-4.18; P = .005) and men (aHR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.07-2.79; P = .02).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort of PWID with IE, women were overrepresented. Reasons for women’s disproportionately high IE incidence need further study. Inpatient substance use disorder services, contraception counseling, and enhanced social support for WWID living in urban areas need to be prioritized.
Dealing with periocular and ocular tumours in cats and dogs
Authors: Hartley Claudia 
Published: October 2024

Background: Periocular and ocular neoplasia is commonly encountered in small animal practice, varying from benign tumours to locally aggressive or malignant tumours with a propensity to metastasis.Aim of the article: This article will consider the approach to investigating these cases for accurate diagnosis and staging, as well as options for treatment and management, and the prognosis for the most common neoplastic diseases affecting the eye.
Emergency care of injured wild deer: advice for companion animal practices
Authors: Whitehead Martin 
Published: October 2024

Background: Tens of thousands of deer are hit by cars in the UK each year. Many die, many immediately run away despite injury, but some are incapacitated and a vet may be called to the animal by the driver, a passer‐by or the police. Less often a deer is brought to a veterinary practice. Occasionally, vets may be asked to attend deer trapped in fencing or incapacitated in other ways. As more rural practices have come to serve companion animals only, and more wild deer have been moving into suburban and even urban environments, companion animal vets unfamiliar with deer have occasionally found themselves having to deal with these species.Aim of the article: This article provides relevant information for situations where companion animal vets are tasked with dealing with injured wild deer, including legal, practical, ethical and welfare issues.
Flexural and pseudo‐ductile behavior of e‐glass uniaxial and biaxial fabric‐reinforced cementitious matrix: Experimental study and simulation
Authors: Yousef Samy , Kalpokaitė‐Dičkuvienė Regina , Subadra Sharath P. , Lukošiūtė Stasė Irena 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis research aims to study the flexural and pseudo‐ductile behavior of e‐glass biaxial and uniaxial fabric reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM). Also, the flexural results and load–deformation curves of FRCM samples were numerically simulated using the finite element method (FEM). The experiments were started with preparation of FRCM flexural samples with different types of fabrics (biaxial and uniaxial) and their distribution in the matrix: one layer was put in the middle, two on the top, two on the bottom, and three layers were distributed equally. The surface morphology and cross‐section microstructure of the fabricated FRCM panels and cohesion of fabrics inside of them were observed using an optical microscope. Subsequently, the flexural response of the FRCM samples was measured according to standard EN 196‐1. Afterwards, based on the flexural measurements, the pseudo‐ductile behavior of the FRCM panels in terms of the ductility index (DI) was determined using energy criteria, including Naaman and Grace models. Finally, the crack propagation and flexural load‐deformation curves of FRCM samples were numerically modeled using FEM (LS‐DYNA) to validate the experiential results. The results showed that reinforcement of mortar with glass fabric leads to a significant increase in strain, especially in case of 3 layers/FRCM till 224% (uniaxial) and 110% (biaxial). Also, the uniaxial FRCM samples provided higher flexural load (3600 N) compared with mortar panel (2337 N) and biaxial FRCM (2788 N). In addition, the DI of FRCM samples was significantly improved by embedding 3 layers of uniaxial fabrics up to 152% (Naaman) and 230% (Grace), when compared with neat panel. Finally, the numerical results obtained from FEM provided a high predication to simulate the failure mode of all panels and to model the load–deformation curves with agreement >96%. Based on that, it is highly recommended to use three layers of e‐glass uniaxial fabric to reinforce the cementitious composite and to improve its flexural response.
The Policy of Teacher Standards: A Systems Mapping Framework for the Implementation Process of Teacher Preparation
Authors: Randez Robert A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTeacher preparation has the insurmountable task of preparing candidates for classrooms with constantly changing demographics and demands. Whether it is contemporary pedagogical practices or understanding the needs of a multilingual/multicultural student body, TESOL teacher preparation programs (TPP) are trusted by accrediting bodies to produce classroom‐ready teachers. In the United States, state departments of education produce teacher standards that are implemented in TPP curricula, which are then acknowledged through accreditation. This relationship marks these TESOL teacher standards as policy (Johnson, 2013), and this study serves as an exemplar for mapping the implementation process, starting with the language policy funnel (Johnson & Johnson, 2015) and then expanding it using Social Systems Theory (Luhmann, 2012). The new system model highlights two breakdown points in the implementation process, which question the teacher standards/curriculum alignment in a Midwestern TESOL TPP. The findings offer insight into the complexity of TESOL TPP, the disconnect between TPPs and real‐world classrooms, and policy implementation research in educational contexts.
System of equations and configurations in the Euclidean space
Authors: Korchmaros Annachiara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the 3-dimensional Euclidean space $${\textbf{E}}^3$$

E

3

, fix six pairwise distinct points $$\begin{aligned} \begin{array}{ccc} A=(a_1,a_2,a_3), & B=(b_1,b_2,b_3), & C=(c_1,c_2,c_3), \\ D=(d_1,d_2,d_3), & E=(e_1,e_2,e_3), & F=(f_1,f_2,f_3) \end{array} \end{aligned}$$

A
=
(

a
1

,

a
2

,

a
3

)
,

B
=
(

b
1

,

b
2

,

b
3

)
,

C
=
(

c
1

,

c
2

,

c
3

)
,

D
=
(

d
1

,

d
2

,

d
3

)
,

E
=
(

e
1

,

e
2

,

e
3

)
,

F
=
(

f
1

,

f
2

,

f
3

)

together with two further points $$X^*=(x_1^*,x_2^*,x_3^*)$$

X
∗

=

(

x
1
∗

,

x
2
∗

,

x
3
∗

)

and $$Y^*=(y_1^*,y_2^*,y_3^*)$$

Y
∗

=

(

y
1
∗

,

y
2
∗

,

y
3
∗

)

in $${\textbf{E}}^3$$

E

3

. We show that System $$(*)$$

(

∗
)

consisting of the following six equations in the unknowns $$X=(x_1,x_2,x_3)$$

X
=
(

x
1

,

x
2

,

x
3

)

and $$Y=(y_1,y_2,y_3)$$

Y
=
(

y
1

,

y
2

,

y
3

)

$$\begin{aligned} \frac{1}{\Vert X-T\Vert ^2} +\frac{1}{\Vert Y-T\Vert ^2}=\frac{1}{\Vert X^*-T\Vert ^2} +\frac{1}{\Vert Y^*-T\Vert ^2}, \quad T\in \{A,B,C,D,E,F\} \end{aligned}$$

1

‖
X
-
T
‖

2

+

1

‖
Y
-
T
‖

2

=

1

‖

X
∗

-
T
‖

2

+

1

‖

Y
∗

-
T
‖

2

,

T
∈

{
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
,
E
,
F
}

has only finitely many solutions provided that both of the following two conditions are satisfied:

No four of the fixed points A, B, C, D, E, F are coplanar;

No four of the six spheres of center T and radius $$1/\sqrt{k_T}$$

1
/

k
T

with $$\begin{aligned} k_T=\frac{1}{\Vert X^*-T\Vert ^2} +\frac{1}{\Vert Y^*-T\Vert ^2} \end{aligned}$$

k
T

=

1

‖

X
∗

-
T
‖

2

+

1

‖

Y
∗

-
T
‖

2

share a common point in $${\textbf{E}}^3$$

E

3

.

Furthermore, we exhibit configurations $$ABCDEFX^*Y^*$$

A
B
C
D
E
F

X
∗

Y
∗

, showing that (i) is also necessary. This result is an improvement on [2, Theorem 1] where the finiteness of solutions of System $$(*)$$

(

∗
)

was only ensured for sufficiently generic choices of the points $$A,B,\ldots ,F,X^*,Y^*.$$

A
,
B
,
…
,
F
,

X
∗

,

Y
∗

.

The extended System $$(**)$$

(

∗

∗
)

associated to System $$(*)$$

(

∗
)

consists of seven equations (1) where $$T\in \{A,B,C,D,E,E,F,G\}$$

T
∈
{
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
,
E
,
E
,
F
,
G
}

with a further point $$G=(g_1,g_2,g_3)\in {\textbf{E}}^3$$

G
=

(

g
1

,

g
2

,

g
3

)

∈

E

3

. We show that if (i) and (ii) hold for $$T\in \{A,B,C,D,E,F\}$$

T
∈
{
A
,
B
,
C
,
D
,
E
,
F
}

and the associated extended System $$(**)$$

(

∗

∗
)

has some solutions other than $$(X^*,Y^*)$$

(

X
∗

,

Y
∗

)

and $$(Y^*,X^*)$$

(

Y
∗

,

X
∗

)

, then G lies on a real affine surface only depending on $$\{A,B,\ldots ,F\}$$

{
A
,
B
,
…
,
F
}

. This result proves [2, Conjecture 1]. Motivation for studying the above problems comes from applications to genetics; see [2].
Animal-free safety assessment of chemicals: an innovation system perspective
Authors: Hoogstraaten Marjolein J. , Vriend Jelle , de Leeuw Victoria C. , Negro Simona O. , Moors Ellen H. M. , Kienhuis Anne S. , Hoekman Jarno 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This perspective paper, which is the result of a collaborative effort between toxicologists and scholars in innovation and transition studies, presents a heuristic framework based on innovation system literature for understanding and appraising mission achievement to animal-free chemical safety assessment using New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). While scientific and technical challenges in this area are relatively well known, the recent establishment of missions and roadmaps to accelerate the acceptance and effective use of NAMs for chemical safety assessment raises new questions about how we can grasp the systemic nature of all changes needed in this transition. This includes recognising broader societal, institutional, and regulatory shifts necessary for NAM acceptance and uptake. Our paper discusses how the innovation system approach offers insights into key processes and associated activities that include as well as transcend the technical and scientific realm, and can help to accelerate acceptance and uptake of NAMs. Based on these insights, we present a comprehensive framework that, next to scientific and technological developments, recognises the need for coordinated efforts in areas like education, training, funding, policy-making, and public engagement to promote the acceptance and uptake of NAMs. Our framework can be used to perform structural and functional analyses of the innovation system of NAMs and animal-free safety assessment and as such provides handholds to track progress and organise collective efforts of actors to make sure we are moving in the right direction.
Lucayan charred wood selection patterns: a comparative study of variability in fragile island ecosystems of the central and northern Bahamas
Authors: Berman Mary Jane , Pearsall Deborah M. , Ritzheimer Caleb 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile Lucayan exploitation of their marine environment is relatively well understand, less is known about terrestrial resource utilization, particularly of the floristic environment. Lucayans are the earliest permanent Indigenous inhabitants of the Bahama archipelago, which has suffered significant terrestrial habitat changes through time due to natural and anthropogenic factors. In this study we examined 878 wood charcoal specimens (21 taxa; 19 at the genus and two at the family level) from two Early Lucayan (ca. ad 700–1100) sites: the Three Dog and Pigeon Creek Dune 2 sites from San Salvador Island (Guanahaní), and two Late Lucayan (ca. ad 1100–1530) sites: the Pigeon Creek Dune 1 site from San Salvador and the Deadman’s Reef site from Grand Bahama (Bahama) for temporal and inter-island variability in fuelwood selection patterns and for insight into the composition of the islands’ flora during aboriginal occupation. Although the islands are both part of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas, they are in two different bioclimatic zones. We found that the Lucayans practiced a combination of least-effort and intentional fuelwood collection strategies, even though the sites lie in dissimilar bioclimatic zones encompassing multiple plant communities. Considered “globally rare”, “highly endangered”, and “the most threatened tropical forests”, the vulnerability of Bahamian forests is increasing with climate change and development. The Lucayan wood collection economy can provide a model for contemporary conservation management and sustainability.
Alterations in magnitude and spatial distribution of erector spinae muscle activity in cyclists with a recent history of low back pain
Authors: Sampieri Alessandro , Marcolin Giuseppe , Gennaro Federico , Magistrelli Emanuele , Del Vecchio Alessandro , Moro Tatiana , Paoli Antonio , Casolo Andrea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
While cycling offers several health benefits, repetitive loading and maintenance of static postures for prolonged periods expose cyclists to low back pain (LBP). Despite high LBP prevalence in cyclists, underlying pathomechanics and specific lumbar region muscle activation patterns during cycling are unclear. Here, we compared lumbar erector spinae (ES) muscles activation and spatial distribution activity in cyclists with and without recent LBP history.

Methods
Ten cyclists with recent LBP history (LBPG; Oswestry Disability Index score ~ 17.8%) and 11 healthy cyclists (CG) were recruited. After assessing the Functional Threshold Power (FTP), participants underwent an incremental cycling test with 4 × 3 min steps at 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% of their FTP. High-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) signals were recorded from both lumbar ES using two 64-channel grids. Information about ES activation levels (root-mean-square, RMS), degree of homogeneity (entropy), and cranio-caudal displacement of muscle activity (Y-axis coordinate of the barycenter of RMS maps) was extracted from each grid separately and then grand-averaged across both grids.

Results
Repeated-measure 2-way ANOVAs showed a significant intensity by group interaction for RMS amplitude (p = 0.003), entropy (p = 0.038), and Y-bar displacement (p = 0.033). LBPG increased RMS amplitude between 70–100% (+ 19%, p = 0.010) and 80–100% FTP (+ 21%, p = 0.004) and decreased entropy between 70–100% FTP (− 8.4%, p = 0.003) and 80–100% FTP (− 8.5%, p = 0.002). Between-group differences emerged only at 100% FTP (+ 9.6%, p = 0.049) for RMS amplitude.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that cyclists with recent LBP history exhibit higher ES muscles activation and less homogeneous activity compared to healthy controls, suggesting potential inefficient muscle recruitment strategy.

Trial registration number
HEC-DSB/09-2023.
Three-dimensional approximated isogeometric analysis via Bernstein–Bézier tetrahedron
Authors: Song Dong-Hyeon , Kang Seung-Hoon , Kim Yongse , Hwang Minho , Shin SangJoon 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Precise simulation of realistic physical phenomena and maintaining high efficiency will be the ultimate goal of computational mechanics. As an effort of such endeavor, an isogeometric analysis (IGA) was proposed by integrating finite element analysis (FEA) and computer-aided design. IGA efficiently predicts a physical behavior with higher fidelity than the original FEA. However, an application to various geometries will be cumbersome owing to the absence of an appropriate pre-processor. To alleviate such limitation, various reinforcements have been attempted, including a finite element (FE)-based IGA. Derived from those initiatives, alternatives will be suggested herein by using a Bernstein–Bézier FE. To obtain approximate

$$C^1$$

C
1

continuity for a general tetrahedral FE, an approximated Worsey–Piper element split will be presented. Also, Bézier mesh generation will be adopted for an enhanced geometric representation. The present attempt will be validated by comparing the results for various curved geometry. Furthermore, the present method will be applied to a much more complicated configuration to demonstrate the geometric applicability.
CP decomposition-based algorithms for completion problem of motion capture data
Authors: Mohaoui Souad , Dmytryshyn Andrii 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMotion capture (MoCap) technology is an essential tool for recording and analyzing movements of objects or humans. However, MoCap systems frequently encounter the challenge of missing data, stemming from mismatched markers, occlusion, or equipment limitations. Recovery of these missing data is imperative to maintain the reliability and integrity of MoCap recordings. This paper introduces a novel application of the tensor framework for MoCap data completion. We propose three completion algorithms based on the canonical polyadic (CP) decomposition of tensors. The first algorithm utilizes CP decomposition to capture the low-rank structure of the tensor. However, relying only on low-rank assumptions may be insufficient to deal with complex motion data. Thus, we propose two modified CP decompositions that incorporate additional information, SmoothCP and SparseCP decompositions. SmoothCP integrates piecewise smoothness prior, while SparseCP incorporates sparsity prior, each aiming to improve the accuracy and robustness of MoCap data recovery. To compare and evaluate the merit of the proposed algorithms over other tensor completion methods in terms of several evaluation metrics, we conduct numerical experiments with different MoCap sequences from the CMU motion capture dataset.