bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in sugar content and related enzyme activities in table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) in response to foliar selenium fertilizer
Authors: Zhu Shuaimeng , Liang Yinli , An Xiaojuan , Kong Fanchao , Gao Dekai , Yin Hongfei 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpraying selenium (Se) fertilizer is an effective method for Se‐enriched fruit production. Sugar content in fruit is the major factor determining berry quality. However, changes in sugar metabolism in response to Se fertilizer are unclear. Hence, this study was conducted to identify the effects of Se fertilizer on sugar metabolism and related enzyme activities of grape berries. Additionally, production of leaves with and without Se fertilizer was also investigated.RESULTSAcid invertase (AI) activity, total soluble sugar and Se content in berries, and photosynthetic rate in leaves produced under Se fertilizer treatments were higher than that of control. Glucose and fructose were the primary sugars in berries, with a trace of sucrose. In both berries and leaves, neutral invertase activity was lower than AI, there was no significant difference in neutral invertase, sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase between Se fertilizer‐treated and control. In berries, AI showed a significant positive correlation with glucose and fructose; also Se content was significantly correlated with sugar content.CONCLUSIONAI played an important role in the process of sugar accumulation in berries; high AI activity in berries and photosynthetic rate in leaves could explain the mechanism by which Se fertilizer affected sugar accumulation in berries. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Capillary electrophoresis fingerprints combined with chemometric methods to evaluate the quality consistency and predict the antioxidant activity of Yinqiaojiedu tablet
Authors: Ma Didi , Yang Lanping , Yan Bo , Sun Guoxiang 
Published: February 2017

The quality consistency of Yinqiaojiedu tablets (YQJDTs) was monitored by extracting their electrophoretic fingerprint and marker compound data that were obtained using capillary electrophoresis. To select the suitable background electrolyte, wing‐shape method was proposed. A background electrolyte composed of 103.1 mM boric acid, 51.6 mM sodium borate, 9.8 mM disodium hydrogen phosphate, and 15.6 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate was used to separate compounds. Under the optimized conditions, the content of three marker compounds was determined in 25 YQJDT samples. The capillary electrophoresis fingerprints were developed simultaneously, then 25 samples from two manufacturers were clearly divided into two clusters based on the principal component analysis. In fingerprint assessments, systematic quantified fingerprint method was adopted for integrative quality discrimination of YQJDTs from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives, by which the qualities of 25 samples were well differentiated. In addition, partial least squares model was established to explore fingerprint–efficacy relationship between the fingerprints and the antioxidant activities in vitro, providing clinically useful information for quality control. The proposed method was reliable and comprehensive, which could be used for a valuable reference to monitor the quality consistency of traditional Chinese medicines.
Data quality assurance and control in cognitive research: Lessons learned from the PREDICT‐HD study
Authors: Westervelt Holly James , Bernier Rachel A. , Faust Melanie , Gover Mary , Bockholt H. Jeremy , Zschiegner Roland , Long Jeffrey D. , Paulsen Jane S. ,   The PREDICT‐HD Investigators,   Coordinators of the Huntington Study Group
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe discuss the strategies employed in data quality control and quality assurance for the cognitive core of Neurobiological Predictors of Huntington's Disease (PREDICT‐HD), a long‐term observational study of over 1,000 participants with prodromal Huntington disease. In particular, we provide details regarding the training and continual evaluation of cognitive examiners, methods for error corrections, and strategies to minimize errors in the data. We present five important lessons learned to help other researchers avoid certain assumptions that could potentially lead to inaccuracies in their cognitive data.
The structure of adult ADHD
Authors: Adler Lenard A. , Faraone Stephen V. , Spencer Thomas J. , Berglund Patricia , Alperin Samuel , Kessler Ronald C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAlthough DSM‐5 stipulates that symptoms of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the same for adults as children, clinical observations suggest that adults have more diverse deficits than children in higher‐level executive functioning and emotional control. Previous psychometric analyses to evaluate these observations have been limited in ways addressed in the current study, which analyzes the structure of an expanded set of adult ADHD symptoms in three pooled US samples: a national household sample, a sample of health plan members, and a sample of adults referred for evaluation at an adult ADHD clinic. Exploratory factor analysis found four factors representing executive dysfunction/inattention (including, but not limited to, all the DSM‐5 inattentive symptoms, with non‐DSM symptoms having factor loadings comparable to those of DSM symptoms), hyperactivity, impulsivity, and emotional dyscontrol. Empirically‐derived multivariate symptom profiles were broadly consistent with the DSM‐5 inattentive‐only, hyperactive/impulsive‐only, and combined presentations, but with inattention including executive dysfunction/inattention and hyperactivity‐only limited to hyperactivity without high symptoms of impulsivity. These results show that executive dysfunction is as central as DSM‐5 symptoms to adult ADHD, while emotional dyscontrol is more distinct but nonetheless part of the combined presentation of adult ADHD.
Proper orthogonal decomposition‐based reduced basis element thermal modeling of integrated circuits
Authors: Meyer Daniel S. , Helenbrook Brian T. , Cheng Ming‐C. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryVarious reduced basis element methods are compared for performing transient thermal simulations of integrated circuits. The reduced basis element method is a type of reduced order modeling that takes advantage of repeated geometrical features. It uses a reduced set of basis functions to approximate the solution of a PDE on subdomains (blocks); then these blocks are coupled together to perform a simulation on an entire domain. As the simulations are transient, a proper orthogonal decomposition basis is used, and the proper orthogonal decomposition eigenvalues from each block are used to derive error bounds for the entire simulation. These bounds are used to examine choices of block decompositions for a simplified integrated circuit structure. A decomposition that uses a single block for each transistor device is compared with a decomposition that uses one block for multiple devices. It was found that larger blocks are more computationally efficient; however, the advantage decreases if the devices within a block receive independent signals. Continuous and discontinuous methods of coupling the blocks were also compared. The coupling methods lend themselves to different solution approaches such as static condensation (continuous coupling) and block‐based inversion (discontinuous). Static condensation yielded the best convergence rate, accuracy, and operation count. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Topology optimization of energy absorbing structures with maximum damage constraint
Authors: Li Lei , Zhang Guodong , Khandelwal Kapil 
Published: February 2017

SummaryA novel density‐based topology optimization framework for plastic energy absorbing structural designs with maximum damage constraint is proposed. This framework enables topologies to absorb large amount of energy via plastic work before failure occurs. To account for the plasticity and damage during the energy absorption, a coupled elastoplastic ductile damage model is incorporated with topology optimization. Appropriate material interpolation schemes are proposed to relax the damage in the low‐density regions while still ensuring the convergence of Newton‐Raphson solution process in the nonlinear finite element analyses. An effective method for obtaining path‐dependent sensitivities of the plastic work and maximum damage via adjoint method is presented, and the sensitivities are verified by the central difference method. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through a series of numerical examples. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Very Large Cryoturbation Structures of Last Permafrost Maximum Age at the Foot of Qilian Mountains (NE Tibet Plateau, China): a Discussion
Authors: Harris Stuart A. , Jin Huijun , He Ruixia 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntensely cold conditions occurred during part of the last major glaciation of the mountains and Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in northeast China but their chronology is constrained by few limiting ages. At the Mengyuan section, on the northeastern margin of the Qilian Mountains, sandy silt provided three OSL ages that suggest deposition during a very cold, dry period in northeastern China between c. 29 and 19 ka (early part of marine isotope stage (MIS) 2). Load‐casting into the underlying outwash gravel occurred during climate amelioration. In some cases, the sandy silt infilled the spaces left by underlying thawing blocks of ice without collapse of the surrounding gravel. The gravel must therefore be older than c. 30 ka and was probably deposited by outwash from glaciers on the higher parts of the Qilian Mountains during MIS 3. Included in them were buried contemporaneous or remnant blocks of glacial ice. Subsequently the surface became flat by unknown processes and was finally covered by a thin loess dating from 2.7 ka, indicating it was deposited in the first warmer period in the Neoglacial sequence of events. Thus, the last major cold event spanned the period through isotope stages 2 and 3 in this area (57 to c. 19 ka), during which the dominant effects of glaciation of the mountain tops were replaced by intensely dry, cold permafrost conditions for c. 10 ka. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New application of partitioning methodology: identity‐based dual receiver encryption
Authors: Zhang Kai , Chen Wen , Li Xiangxue , Chen Jie , Qian Haifeng 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDual receiver encryption (DRE), a notion of public key encryption (PKE) introduced at CCS'04, allows two independent receivers to decrypt a ciphertext into a same plaintext. This crypto primitive is quite useful in designing denial of service attack‐resilient protocols. To our knowledge, prior DRE constructions are considered in the traditional PKE settings, which may face the difficulty of certificate management. This paper aiming at solving this dilemma of DRE in the traditional PKE settings, and gives an identity‐based variant version of DRE: identity‐based dual receiver encryption (ID‐DRE) that combines the notion of DRE and identity‐based encryption (IBE). Based on Waters' IBE (Crypto'05), two ID‐DRE schemes are constructed in the standard model and by partitioning methodology, provable security of our ID‐DRE schemes are obtained under the decisional bilinear Diffie‐Hellman. Furthermore, we achieve a tighter reduction by adopting a random walk‐like methodology of analysis on the lower bound of simulators' artificial abort, which also results in better security tightness for Waters IBE. This improved result
for Waters' IBE, where n is the bitlength of messages and q is the number of adversarial key queries, is consistent with Hofheinz and Kiltz's result (Crypto'08). Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Historical Glance at the Arabo‐Islamic Surgical Instruments During the Ages
Authors: Tsoucalas Gregory , Sgantzos Markos 
Published: February 2017

AbstractArabo‐Islamic physicians demonstrated exceptional skill and innovation in surgery, by having used the instruments introduced by ancient Greeks and Greco‐Roman surgeons. In many cases they have manufactured their own innovative designs promoting further the success of the difficult surgical operations of their era. The surgical instruments and the surgeon’s boxes, used to regularise the plethora of the metallic items, were decorated with fine designs, in order to depict the Arab civilisation. For the first time surgery became a separate medical art, while Arabo‐Islamic medicine re‐introduced ancient Greek and Byzantine surgery to the world.
Swedish prospective multicenter trial on the accuracy and clinical relevance of sentinel lymph node biopsy before neoadjuvant systemic therapy in breast cancer
Authors: Zetterlund Linda , Celebioglu Fuat , Axelsson Rimma , de Boniface Jana , Frisell Jan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Purpose
The timing of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in the context of neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) in breast cancer is still controversial. SLNB before NAST has been evaluated in few single-institution studies in which axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), however, was commonly not performed in case of a negative SLNB. We investigated the potential clinical relevance of SLNB before NAST by performing ALND in all patients after NAST.

Methods
This national multicenter trial prospectively enrolled clinically node-negative breast cancer patients planned for NAST at 13 recruiting Swedish hospitals between October 2010 and December 2015. SLNB before NAST was followed by ALND after NAST in all individuals. Repeat SLNB after NAST was encouraged but not mandatory.

Results
SLNB before NAST was performed in 224 patients. The identification rate was 100% (224/224). The proportion of patients with a negative SLNB before NAST but positive axillary lymph nodes after NAST was 7.4% (nine of 121 patients, 95% CI 4.0–13.5). Among those with a positive SLNB before NAST, 23.2% (86/112) had further positive lymph nodes after NAST.

Conclusions
In clinically node-negative patients, SLNB before NAST is highly reliable. With this sequence, ALND and regional radiotherapy can be safely omitted in patients with a negative SLNB provided good clinical response to NAST. Additionally, SLNB-positive patients upfront will receive correct nodal staging unaffected by NAST and be consequently offered adjuvant locoregional treatment according to current guidelines pending the results of ongoing randomized trials.
Evaluation and development of an image-guided radiotherapy protocol for prostate and nodes
Authors: Hutton Nicky , Baker Angela , Naismith Olivia , Carver Antony , Jessop Anne 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate and develop an image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) protocol for the effective treatment of prostate and pelvic lymph nodes.Methods and materialsThis study comprised of nine patients receiving radiotherapy for node negative prostate cancer, who had a pair of planar kV images taken for 37 treatment fractions. The positioning accuracy for both implanted fiducial markers and pelvic bony anatomy (surrogate for pelvic node position) was calculated using random and systematic errors. Appropriate margins were also determined. All patients followed a strict bladder and bowel protocol before computed tomography planning and treatment.ResultsIn total, 292 sets of images were used for fiducial marker and pelvic bone registration. A discrepancy of >5 mm between the fiducial markers and the anatomical pelvic bone was seen in 4% of treatment sessions. The maximum displacement observed between the fiducial match and the bone match was 7, 10 and 4 mm in the A/P (anterior/posterior), S/I (superior/inferior) and R/L (right/left) directions, respectively.ConclusionThe margins used in combination with an online IGRT strategy ensure both the fiducial match and the bone match correlate within 5 mm thus allows good coverage of both prostate and nodal target volumes. It is essential that this is combined with a strict bladder and rectal preparation protocol to ensure accuracy and reproducibility.
The Resilient Personality Prototype
Authors: Roth Marcus , Herzberg Philipp Yorck 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Typologies based on Big Five questionnaire data always include the resilient prototype, which is defined by low scores on neuroticism and above-average scores on extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. When measurement of the criterion domains is based on self-reports, this type evidences superior psychological adjustment and well-being in nearly all domains. In the present study, we tested whether the personality profile constituting the resilient prototype is an artifact of self-deceptive enhancement in answering questionnaires. Therefore, we contrasted self-reports of resilients with objective data that we collected during an actual stressful event. A total of 112 pupils (15–19 years) were examined via questionnaires and asked to complete a speech task in front of a video camera. Stress reactions were measured by self-reports as well as by nonverbal behavior, achievement, and physiological responding. Results showed that resilients differed from the other personality prototypes only when self-reports (coping, affectivity) were used. By contrast, no differences between personality prototypes emerged when the three objective stress indicators (speech performance, behavior, and physiological arousal) were used. These findings call into question the superior psychological adjustment attributed to the resilient prototype and stress the necessity of multimethod assessment in personality prototype research.
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 mRNA levels strongly correlate with the prognosis of myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Diamantopoulos P , Zervakis K , Zervakis P , Sofotasiou M , Vassilakopoulos T , Kotsianidis I , Symeonidis A , Pappa V , Galanopoulos A , Solomou E , Kodandreopoulou E , Papadopoulou V , Korkolopoulou P , Mantzourani M , Kyriakakis G , Viniou N-A ,   On behalf of the Hellenic MDS study Group
Published: February 2017

AbstractPoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) has a central role in the repair of DNA breaks and is a promising treatment target in malignancy. We measured PARP1 mRNA levels by a SYBR-green-based PCR in the bone marrow of 74 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and correlated them to their demographic, hematologic and prognostic characteristics. The median PARP1 mRNA levels were correlated to the type of MDS (2008/2016 WHO classification, P=0.005) and to the IPSS score (P=0.002). A correlation was also found with the IPSS-R score (P=0.011) and the cytogenetic risk (P=0.008). In all cases, higher PARP1 levels were correlated with a higher risk category. Moreover, we found a significant survival disadvantage for patients with high PARP1 levels (median survival of 37.4 months versus ‘not reached’ for low PARP1 levels, P=0.0001, and a 5-year survival rate of 29.8 versus 88.9%, respectively). PARP1 mRNA levels were found to be the stronger predictor of survival in multivariate analysis. These correlations have never been reported in the past and may render PARP1 a prognostic factor to be incorporated in the current prognostic systems for MDS, also laying the basis for clinical trials evaluating PARP1 inhibitors in higher-risk MDS.
The effect of body mass index at diagnosis on clinical outcome in children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Eissa H M , Zhou Y , Panetta J C , Browne E K , Jeha S , Cheng C , Relling M V , Campana D , Pui C-H , Inaba H 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe impact of body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis on treatment outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is controversial. We studied 373 children with ALL enrolled on the Total XV study, which prospectively used minimal residual disease (MRD) for risk assignment. MRD on day 19 and at the end of remission induction (day 46), cumulative incidence of relapse/refractory disease (CIR), event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using sets of four, three and two subgroups based on BMI at diagnosis, along with BMI percentile change during remission induction. Higher BMI was associated with older age and higher treatment risk. There was no association between MRD on days 19 or 46 and BMI for four, three or two BMI subgroups (P>0.1 in all cases), nor was BMI associated with CIR or EFS. Obese patients had worse OS compared with non-obese (P=0.031) due to treatment-related mortality and less salvage after refractory disease or bone marrow relapse. No association between BMI change during remission induction and MRD, CIR, EFS or OS was seen. BMI at diagnosis does not predict poorer response or relapse in a contemporary MRD-directed ALL regimen. Improvements in supportive care and innovative, less-toxic frontline/salvage therapies are needed, especially for obese patients.
Syntrophic linkage between predatory Carpediemonas and specific prokaryotic populations
Authors: Hamann Emmo , Tegetmeyer Halina E , Riedel Dietmar , Littmann Sten , Ahmerkamp Soeren , Chen Jianwei , Hach Philipp F , Strous Marc 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Most anoxic environments are populated by small (&lt;10 μm) heterotrophic eukaryotes that prey on different microbial community members. How predatory eukaryotes engage in beneficial interactions with other microbes has rarely been investigated so far. Here, we studied an example of such an interaction by cultivating the anerobic marine flagellate, Carpediemonas frisia sp. nov. (supergroup Excavata), with parts of its naturally associated microbiome. This microbiome consisted of so far uncultivated members of the Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia and Nanoarchaeota. Using genome and transcriptome informed metabolic network modeling, we showed that Carpediemonas stimulated prokaryotic growth through the release of predigested biomolecules such as proteins, sugars, organic acids and hydrogen. Transcriptional gene activities suggested niche separation between biopolymer degrading Bacteroidetes, monomer utilizing Firmicutes and Nanoarchaeota and hydrogen oxidizing Deltaproteobacteria. An efficient metabolite exchange between the different community members appeared to be promoted by the formation of multispecies aggregates. Physiological experiments showed that Carpediemonas could also benefit from an association to these aggregates, as it facilitated the removal of inhibiting metabolites and increased the availability of prey bacteria. Taken together, our results provide a framework to understand how predatory microbial eukaryotes engage, across trophic levels, in beneficial interactions with specific prokaryotic populations.
Harnessing catalytic pumps for directional delivery of microparticles in microchambers
Authors: Das Sambeeta , Shklyaev Oleg E. , Altemose Alicia , Shum Henry , Ortiz-Rivera Isamar , Valdez Lyanne , Mallouk Thomas E. , Balazs Anna C. , Sen Ayusman 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe directed transport of microparticles in microfluidic devices is vital for efficient bioassays and fabrication of complex microstructures. There remains, however, a need for methods to propel and steer microscopic cargo that do not require modifying these particles. Using theory and experiments, we show that catalytic surface reactions can be used to deliver microparticle cargo to specified regions in microchambers. Here reagents diffuse from a gel reservoir and react with the catalyst-coated surface. Fluid density gradients due to the spatially varying reagent concentration induce a convective flow, which carries the suspended particles until the reagents are consumed. Consequently, the cargo is deposited around a specific position on the surface. The velocity and final peak location of the cargo can be tuned independently. By increasing the local particle concentration, highly sensitive assays can be performed efficiently and rapidly. Moreover, the process can be repeated by introducing fresh reagent into the microchamber.