bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late Triassic‐Early Jurassic abnormal thermal event constrained by zircon fission track dating and vitrinite reflectance in Xishan coalfield, Qinshui Basin, central North China
Authors: Sun B. L. , Zeng F. G. , Xia P. , Zhu Y. R. , Liu C. 
Published: June 2017

Xishan coalfield, Shanxi, is located in the northwest of the Qinshui Basin, central North China. It is notable for its varieties of coal rank ranging from high volatile bituminous coals to anthracite as well as having abundant coalbed methane resources. Zircon fission track (ZFT) analyses were carried out on the zircons in 2 Upper Carboniferous and 5 Lower‐Middle Permian sandstones, and vitrinite reflectance of Late Carboniferous and Early Permian coals were measured to determine the timing of thermal events and maximum paleo‐temperatures, which were responsible for coal maturation and coalbed methane generation. Maximum paleo‐temperatures calculated from vitrinite reflectance values reached to about 232 and 223 °C in Late Carboniferous and Early Permian coals, respectively, and the estimated paleo‐temperature gradient was 11.84 °C/100 m, representing an intensive abnormal thermal event. Results of the ZFT dating indicated that 5 samples failed the χ2‐test and 2 samples passed the test. The decomposition results of the 5 samples divided their age populations into 3 periods: (a) older ages (537, 584, and 802 Ma) than sandstones ages, (b) close to or slightly older than their depositional ages (289, 301, and 331 Ma), and (c) younger than the depositional ages (181–215). The 2 samples that passed χ2‐test yield the central ages of 168 ± 7 Ma and 190 ± 8 Ma, respectively, younger than the deposition age. The close to or older ages than the sandstones depositional ages represent the tectonothermal events occurring in their source areas; the younger ages indicate the existence of the postdepositional tectonothermal event. The agreement of the partly annealing temperature zone (210–300 °C) of zircon fission tracks with the calculated maximum paleo‐temperatures from vitrinite reflectance suggests a Late Triassic‐Early Jurassic abnormal thermal event with the formation time of the present coal rank being 181–215 Ma, rather than a unique intrusion at 95–135 Ma on the western margin of coalfield as previously believed. Combined with other ZFT ages regionally, this abnormal event also occurred in the southern as well as the northern parts of the Qinshui Basin. The Late Triassic‐Early Jurassic intensive extension in the North China Craton is the geodynamic setting of this tectonothermal event.
Additional value of B‐flow imaging in arterial wall calcifications
Authors: D'Abate Fabrizio , de Bruin Jorg L. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe accuracy of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) is hampered by the presence of arterial wall calcifications. B‐flow imaging may overcome these limitations. We present a case of a severely calcified stenosis of the right common femoral artery (CFA) diagnosed with the aid of B‐flow imaging. Both the CT angiography scan and CDU were limited by the presence of diffuse dense arterial calcifications. B‐flow imaging showed a >75% stenosis of the CFA. B‐flow imaging appears to improve the accuracy of CDU in the presence of calcified stenosis of the CFA. It is of clinical relevance to improve the duplex sonographic accuracy, ideally reducing the need for other imaging modalities prior to surgery. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 46:136–139, 2018
Reproducibility of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging T1rho and T2 relaxation time measurements of hip cartilage at 3.0T in healthy volunteers
Authors: Nemeth Angeline , Di Marco Lucy , Boutitie Florent , Sdika Michael , Grenier Denis , Rabilloud Muriel , Beuf Olivier , Pialat Jean‐Baptiste 
Published: June 2017

PurposeTo assess the T1ρ and T2 values in the hip cartilage of healthy volunteers and to evaluate the reproducibility of these measurements.Materials and MethodsThe right hip joint of 30 asymptomatic volunteers was explored with 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Quantitative 3D T1ρ‐ and T2‐maps sequences were repeated twice with a 30‐minute delay (immediate reproducibility). The same protocol was repeated 14 days later (short‐term reproducibility). Immediate and short‐term reproducibility were estimated using coefficients of variation and correlation concordance coefficients (CCC). The precisions of the measurements were estimated by the ratio of the standard deviations. A mixed linear model was used to analyze the effect of patient's characteristics on T1ρ and T2 values.ResultsImmediate reproducibility was significantly better than short‐term reproducibility for T1ρ (CCC of 0.75 versus 0.55; P = 0.007) and T2 (CCC 0.65 versus 0.32; P < 0.001). The precisions of the measurements were estimated between 5.5% and 9.1%. Median T1ρ values were 6.0 msec higher in women than in men (P = 0.006), with no significant influence of age, body mass index (BMI), or sports activity. Median T2 values were not significantly different between men and women (0.4 msec lower in women; P = 0.76). There was no significant influence of age, BMI, or sports activity. T1ρ and T2 values were lower in lateral regions than in medial regions (4.9 msec and 2.5 msec lower respectively; P < 0.0001).ConclusionImmediate reproducibility of T1ρ and T2 values is better than short‐term, with limited effect of 30 minutes decubitus. T1ρ values are significantly higher in women.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1022–1033.
Predictors of false negative sentinel lymph node biopsy in trunk and extremity melanoma
Authors: Sinnamon Andrew J. , Neuwirth Madalyn G. , Bartlett Edmund K. , Zaheer Salman , Etherington Mark S. , Xu Xiaowei , Elder David E. , Czerniecki Brian J. , Fraker Douglas L. , Karakousis Giorgos C. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundNodal recurrence following negative sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) for melanoma is known as false‐negative (FN) SLNB. Risk factors for FN SLNB among patients with trunk and extremity melanoma have not been well‐defined.MethodsAfter retrospective review, SLNB procedures were classified FN, true positive (TP; positive SLNB), or true negative (TN; negative SLNB without recurrence). Factors associated with high false negative rate (FNR) and low negative predictive value (NPV) were identified by comparing FNs to TPs and TNs, respectively. Survival was evaluated using Kaplan‐Meier methods.ResultsOf 1728 patients, 234 were TP and 37 were FN for overall FNR of 14% and NPV of 97.5%. Age ≥65 years was independently associated with high FNR (FNR 20% in this group). Breslow thickness >1 mm and ulceration were independently associated with low NPV. Among patients with ulcerated tumors >4 mm, NPV was 88%. Median time to recurrence for FNs was 13 months. Among patients with primary melanomas ≤2 mm in depth, overall and distant disease‐free survival were significantly shorter with FN SLNB than TP SLNB.ConclusionsOlder age is associated with increased FNR; patients with thick, ulcerated lesions should be considered for increased nodal surveillance after negative SLNB given low NPV in this group.
Sonographic Comparison of Morphologic Characteristics Between Pilonidal Cysts and Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Wortsman Ximena , Castro Ariel , Morales Claudia , Franco Carmen , Figueroa Andres 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo compare the sonographic characteristics of pilonidal cysts and hidradenitis suppurativa.MethodsA retrospective study of sonographic examinations was performed on 2 groups: 1 with pilonidal cysts and the other with hidradenitis suppurativa. The sonographic characteristics of the pilonidal cyst and hidradenitis suppurativa groups were analyzed, compared, and correlated, including an analysis of the histologic findings. For the pilonidal cyst group, the distribution, morphologic characteristics, location, shape, diameter, axis, vascularity, and scarring were also described. Statistical analyses included Spearman, Wilcoxon, Kruskall‐Wallis, χ2, and Fisher tests.ResultsThe sonographic examinations of 84 patients were reviewed: 43 with pilonidal cysts and 41 with hidradenitis suppurativa. The comparison of the morphologic characteristics of the key lesions between the pilonidal cyst and hidradenitis suppurativa groups showed no statistically significant differences (P < .05). Both groups had similar dermal and hypodermal saclike and bandlike structures that communicated with the widened base of the hair follicles. Retained fragments of hair tracts within the lesions were sonographically detected in both pilonidal cysts (100%) and hidradenitis suppurativa (83%) and also found on histologic specimens; however, the density of hair tracts per structure was higher in pilonidal cysts. Sonographic signs of scarring were absent in 63% of pilonidal cysts. Only 2% of pilonidal cysts showed communicating bandlike structures.ConclusionsKey lesions of pilonidal cysts and hidradenitis suppurativa have similar sonographic morphologic characteristics, which suggests that a pilonidal cyst may be a variant or localized form of hidradenitis suppurativa. The retained fragments of hair tracts frequently detected in both entities may be caused by ectopic production of hair and not by embedding. Common therapeutic strategies and research can be designed for both entities.
Rodent response to harvesting woody biomass for bioenergy production
Authors: Fritts Sarah R. , Moorman Christopher E. , Grodsky Steven M. , Hazel Dennis W. , Homyack Jessica A. , Farrell Christopher B. , Castleberry Steven B. , Evans Emily H. , Greene Daniel U. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTHarvest of low value trees and logging residues for bioenergy reduces downed wood post‐harvest with potential indirect negative effects on ground‐dwelling wildlife such as rodents. We assessed the influence of woody biomass harvests on rodent abundances using an operational‐scale, randomized complete block experimental design study in North Carolina (4 blocks) and Georgia, USA (4 blocks). Each block contained 6 treatments randomly applied to a clearcut harvest, that varied by volume of woody biomass retained, and that represented existing woody biomass harvest recommendations. We livetrapped rodents in 2011–2013, calculated the minimum number known alive for each captured species, and used the value as an index of abundance. We compared abundance of the 3 most commonly captured species (deer mice [Peromyscus spp.], house mouse [Mus musculus], and hispid cotton rat [Sigmodon hispidus]) among treatments with generalized linear mixed effects models. We assessed relationships among species’ abundance and measurements of downed woody debris and vegetation in each treatment unit using linear regression. Although abundance varied among treatments in some cases, we did not detect consistent relationships between woody biomass retention treatments and abundance. Volume of downed woody debris in the treatment unit negatively influenced house mice but had varying influences on deer mice across years. Downed woody debris groundcover negatively affected deer mice in North Carolina in 2012. Litter groundcover negatively influenced deer mice and hispid cotton rats, whereas grass groundcover positively influenced the hispid cotton rat. The lack of consistent relationships between rodent abundance and volume of retained woody debris suggests that the rodent species captured in this study were not affected by current efficiencies of operational woody biomass harvests in southeastern United States loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations. However, focal species were habitat generalists and less common species may have greater sensitivity to biomass harvests. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Molecular composition of dissolved organic matter in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Martínez‐Pérez Alba María , Osterholz Helena , Nieto‐Cid Mar , Álvarez Marta , Dittmar Thorsten , Álvarez‐Salgado Xosé Antón 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe molecular composition of marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is still poorly understood, particularly in the Mediterranean Sea. In this work, DOM from the open Mediterranean Sea and the adjacent Northeast Atlantic Ocean was isolated by solid‐phase extraction (SPE‐DOM) and molecularly characterized using Fourier‐transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. We assessed the gradual reworking of the SPE‐DOM transported by the shallow overturning circulation of the Mediterranean Sea by following the increase in molecular weight (+20 Da), oxygenation (+5%), degradation index (Ideg +22%), and the proportional decrease of unsaturated aliphatic compounds (+34%) along the Levantine Intermediate Water. This reworked SPE‐DOM that leaves the Mediterranean Sea through the Strait of Gibraltar strongly contrasts with the fresh material transported by the inflow of Atlantic water (Ideg −25%). In the deep eastern and western overturning cells, the molecular composition of the deep waters varied according to their area and/or time of formation. SPE‐DOM of the waters formed in the Aegean Sea during the Eastern Mediterranean Transient (EMT) was more processed than the DOM in pre‐EMT waters formed in the Adriatic Sea (molecular weight and the proportion of unsaturated aliphatic compounds were increased by 5 Da and 9%, respectively). Furthermore, pre‐EMT waters contain more reworked SPE‐DOM (Ideg +7%) than post‐EMT waters formed also in the Adriatic Sea. In summary, our study shows that the Mediterranean Sea constitutes a laboratory basin where degradation processes and diagenetic transformations of DOM can be observed on close spatial and temporal scales.
Cellulose Sponge with Superhydrophilicity and High Oleophobicity Both in Air and under Water for Efficient Oil–Water Emulsion Separation
Authors: Chen Junjun , Zhang Yingxin , Chen Cheng , Xu Mengya , Wang Gang , Zeng Zhixiang , Wang Liping , Xue Qunji 
Published: June 2017

Oil–water emulsions stabilized by surfactants are fine dispersions of oil in water or of water in oil and difficult to separate which will lead to serious water pollution. A more recent development is the ability to fabricate oleophobic–hydrophilic surfaces in air, which are not easy to construct due to the difference surface tension between water and oil. Herein, a cellulose sponge with multipore structure is fabricated to increase the removal efficiency. Amphiphilic molecular brushes of polyethylene glycol with short perfluorinated end caps (F‐PEG) are grafted on cellulose sponges to solve the contradictory relation of hydrophilicity and oleophobicity and improve oil/water selective wettability and fouling resistance. Besides, stable superhydrophilicity and superoleophobicity under water, corrosive liquids, and high oleophobicity in air conditions are exhibited in the F‐PEG grafted porous cellulose sponges with textured surfaces (F‐g‐CS). And the separation efficiency and rate of F‐g‐CS with surface of nanopores are 99.92% and 180 L m−2 h−1, while that of micropores are 99.83% and 297 L m−2 h−1 only under gravity. It is demonstrated that the grafting F‐PEG molecules imparted F‐g‐CS of micropores surface with high flux and separation efficiency simultaneously. Furthermore, antifouling property and collection of water in oil–water mixture without fouling are possessed in F‐g‐CS.
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Remote control grubbs catalysts that modulate ring‐opening metathesis polymerizations
Authors: Teator Aaron J. , Bielawski Christopher W. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTA broad range of stimuli, including light, heat, mechanical force, or changes in chemical potential, may be used to toggle Ru‐based catalysts between multiple distinct states of activity. Catalysts with such features offer a means to temporally‐ and, in some cases, spatially‐control a variety of polymerizations, and thus should facilitate access to synthetic macromolecular materials with tunable structures and properties. Due to the intrinsic versatility and robustness of the Grubbs‐type catalyst platforms, numerous remotely controlled ring‐opening metathesis polymerizations have been introduced. Herein, selected examples of stimuli‐responsive catalysts that have been recently used for such purposes are surveyed and discussed. Perspectives on potential opportunities for development and growth as well as an outlook for the field are also provided. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2949–2960
Pinch‐off dynamics and extensional relaxation times of intrinsically semi‐dilute polymer solutions characterized by dripping‐onto‐substrate rheometry
Authors: Dinic Jelena , Biagioli Madeleine , Sharma Vivek 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTStream‐wise velocity‐gradients associated with extensional flows arise in thinning liquid necks spontaneously formed during jetting, printing, coating, spraying, atomization, and microfluidic‐based drop formation. In this contribution, we employ Dripping‐onto‐Substrate (DoS) rheometry protocols to measure the extensional rheology response of intrinsically semi‐dilute polymer solutions by visualizing and analyzing capillary‐driven thinning of a columnar neck formed between a nozzle and a sessile drop. We show that extensional viscosity that quantifies the resistance to stream‐wise velocity gradients is orders of magnitude higher than the shear viscosity. Although shear flows only weakly perturb the chain dimensions, extensional flows can strongly stretch and orient the chains, thus influencing both intra‐ and inter‐chain interactions. We find that the extensional relaxation times for intrinsically semi‐dilute PEO solutions in a good solvent for five different molecular weights increase linearly with concentration, exhibiting a stronger concentration dependence than observed for dilute solutions, or anticipated by blob models, developed for relaxation of weakly perturbed chains in a good solvent. The observed distinction between the concentration‐dependent relaxation dynamics of intrinsically dilute and semi‐dilute solutions arises due the complex influence of stretching, conformational anisotropy, and polymer concentration on excluded volume and hydrodynamic interactions of flexible, highly extensible polymers. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys.2017,55, 1692–1704
Poling influence on the mechanical properties and molecular mobility of highly piezoelectric P(VDF‐TrFE) copolymer
Authors: Roggero Aurélien , Dantras Eric , Lacabanne Colette 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe calorimetric, dielectric, and mechanical responses of highly piezoelectric 70/30 P(VDF‐TrFE) displaying homogenous d33 of −19 pC N−1 are studied. This work aims at better understanding the influence of poling on the mechanical properties of this copolymer. To explain the one decade mechanical modulus drop observed across the Curie transition, a stiffening process of the amorphous phase due to the local electric fields in the ferroelectric crystals is proposed. In poled P(VDF‐TrFE), these fields are preferentially aligned resulting in a more stable and higher modulus below the Curie transition. This hypothesis accounts for the lower dielectric signals obtained with the poled sample. Through the Curie transition, the vanishing of these local electric fields, stemming from progressive disorientation and conversion of ferroelectric crystals to paraelectric ones, releases the constraints on the amorphous phase, leading to a storage modulus drop typical of a viscoelastic transition. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1414–1422
Immature Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons Derived from Floor-Plate Method Improve Cell Transplantation Therapy Efficacy for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Qiu Lifeng , Liao Mei-Chih , Chen Allen K. , Wei Shunhui , Xie Shaoping , Reuveny Shaul , Zhou Zhi Dong , Hunziker Walter , Tan Eng King , Oh Steve K. W. , Zeng Li 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Recent reports have indicated human embryonic stem cells-derived midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons as proper cell resources for use in Parkinson's disease (PD) therapy. Nevertheless, no detailed and systematic study has been conducted to identify which differentiation stages of mDA cells are most suitable for transplantation in PD therapy. Here, we transplanted three types of mDA cells, DA progenitors (differentiated in vitro for 16 days [D16]), immature DA neurons (D25), and DA neurons (D35), into PD mice and found that all three types of cells showed high viability and strong neuronal differentiation in vivo. Both D25 and D35 cells showed neuronal maturation and differentiation toward TH+ cells and, accordingly, satisfactory behavioral functional recovery. However, transplanted D16 cells were less capable of producing functional recovery. These findings provide a valuable guideline for standardizing the differentiation stage of the transplantable cells used in clinical cell therapy for PD.
Li3BaSrLa3(WO4)8:Eu3+ and Its Solid Solutions : A New Red Emitting Phosphor ‐ Structure, Synthesis and Appraisal of Optical Properties
Authors: Singh Kasturi , Vaidyanathan Sivakumar 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSequences of red emitting Eu3+ activated Li3BaSrLa3(WO4)8 were, synthesized by following an accustomed solid state reaction method. The concentration of the Eu3+ ion was varied in the Li3BaSrLa3(WO4)8 host lattice in steps of 0.3. From the concentration optimization analysis, it was observed that the (Li3BaSrEu2.7La0.3(WO4)8) phosphor composition shows highest emission intensity. Further, we fixed the Eu3+ ion concentration, and efforts have been made to establish a solid solution amid the tungstate and molybdates. All the phosphor compositions exhibit broad absorption due to O → M (M=W/Mo), O → Eu charge transfer(CT) band and excellent photoluminescence properties, with intense electric dipole transition (7F0 → 5D2). The detailed optical studies were indicated in order to authorize that the Eu3+ ion resides at the non‐centrosymmetric site residence in the interior of the host lattice. The Judd – Ofelt spectral intensity parameters were calculated. The absolute quantum yield and lifetime of the red phosphors were also measured for selected compositions. It was observed that the selected phosphors yield a high value of QY (89.8 %) with enhanced absorption and emission properties. The best solid solution phosphor composition was used for LED fabrication by integrating with 395 nm near UV LED, forward biased at 20 mA. The leading optical characteristics of the phosphors may find versatile applications in the field of lighting (including SSL) as well as other essential fields.
σ‐σ, σ‐π, and π‐π Stacking Interactions between Six‐Membered Cyclic Systems. Dispersion Dominates and Electrostatics Commands
Authors: Cabaleiro‐Lago Enrique M. , Rodríguez‐Otero Jesús 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe characteristics of the interaction in aliphatic‐aliphatic (σ‐σ), aliphatic‐aromatic (σ‐π), and aromatic‐aromatic (π‐π) dimers have been studied employing benzene, cyclohexane and some of their fluorinated derivatives. Though fluorination dramatically changes the electrostatic properties of the molecules, the interaction only changes notably when the fluorinated species interacts with a significantly polar molecule. Fluorination hardly affects the interaction with cyclohexane or trifluorobenzene, both with small dipole and quadrupole moments. The results indicate that whereas dispersion constitutes the leading stabilising contribution in most of the dimers considered, it is the electrostatic term the one reflecting the changes on the interaction introduced by fluorination. As a consequence, the order of stability of the complexes studied follows the trends observed for the electrostatic term, despite not being the largest stabilising contribution.