bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supplier Competition and Cost Improvement
Authors: Li Cuihong , Wan Zhixi 
Published: June 2016

Buyers have two levers to enhance their supply base performance: fostering supplier competition and inducing suppliers to improve. The competition–improvement relation between the two levers has important implications for supply base design. We study a buyer facing two potential suppliers that can exert cost-reduction efforts, examining the interplay of supplier competition and supplier cost improvement under various information structures (i.e., the supplier effort is observable or unobservable) and commitment capabilities (i.e., the buyer may not commit, or may commit to a full or partial procurement mechanism, before suppliers exert efforts). We find that the two identical suppliers may choose unequal efforts, resulting in an asymmetric equilibrium outcome that enhances the performance of dual sourcing. Moreover, the competition–improvement relation depends on the effort observability. Whereas supplier competition always leads to lower improvement effort when the effort is unobservable, it may induce higher effort when the effort is observable. Thus, a trade-off between supplier competition and supplier effort is not always necessary in supply base design. Comparing the observable- and unobservable-effort cases, we demonstrate a detrimental effect of supplier effort observability on the buyer profits. Finally, we show that more commitment expands the presence of asymmetric equilibria, enhancing dual sourcing, and the partial commitment strengthens the positive effect of competition on observable efforts while maintaining the detrimental effect of effort observability. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Chinese teachers’ perceptions of the ‘good citizen’: Implications for implementing China’s civic education curriculum
Authors: Li Hui , Kennedy Kerry J. , Tan Chuang Bao 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Conceptions of ‘good citizen’ have implications for defining the goals of civic education and formulating civic education programmes. In Mainland China, the concept of ‘good citizen’ is clearly defined by the authorities in official curriculum guidelines. Teachers’ perceptions of ‘good citizen’, however, may differ from any official definition and these perceptions may actually influence teachers’ approaches to the implementation of civic education in schools. The study reported here employs qualitative methods to compare how ‘good citizen’ is defined in the China’s official civics curriculum and junior high school teachers’ perceptions of ‘good citizen’. The purpose of the study is to investigate the extent of congruence between these two levels and to identify strategies for designing an effective civic education curriculum in China. This article argues that an effective civic education curriculum must consider teachers’ conceptions of ‘good citizen’ and teachers’ awareness of citizenship alongside ‘official’ statements.
Analysis of end-winding proximity losses in a high-speed PM machine
Authors: Mlot Adrian , Lukaniszyn Marian , Korkosz Mariusz 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a finite element investigation into the proximity losses in a high-speed permanent magnet (PM) machine for traction applications. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) is employed to evaluate and identify the endwinding contribution into the overall winding power loss generated. The study is focused on the end-winding effects that have not been widely reported in the literature. The calculated results confirm that the end-winding copper loss can significantly affect the eddycurrent loss within copper and it should be taken into account to provide reasonable prediction of total losses. Several structures of the end-winding are analyzed and compared in respect to the loss and AC resistance. The results clearly demonstrate that the size of the end-winding has a significant impact on the power loss. The calculated results are validated experimentally on the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) prototype for selected various winding arrangements.
Genetic algorithm as a tool for multi-objective optimization of permanent magnet disc motor
Authors: Cvetkovski Goga , Petkovska Lidija 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The analysed permanent magnet disc motor (PMDM) is used for direct wheel drive in an electric vehicle. Therefore there are several objectives that could be tackled in the design procedure, such as an increased efficiency, reduced iron weight, reduced copper weight or reduced weight of the permanent magnets (reduced rotor weight). In this paper the optimal design of PMDM using a multi-objective genetic algorithm optimisation procedure is performed. A comparative analysis of the optimal motor solution and its parameters in relation to the prototype is presented.
A new approach to hull consistency
Authors: Kolev Lubomir 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Hull consistency is a known technique to improve the efficiency of iterative interval methods for solving nonlinear systems describing steady-states in various circuits. Presently, hull consistency is checked in a scalar manner, i.e. successively for each equation of the nonlinear system with respect to a single variable. In the present poster, a new more general approach to implementing hull consistency is suggested which consists in treating simultaneously several equations with respect to the same number of variables.
Modeling and simulation aspects of AC machines
Authors: Popp Michael , Laza Patrick , Mathis Wolfgang 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In the field of power and drive systems, electrical AC machines are mostly modeled using a set of explicit ordinary differential equations in a state space representation. It is shown, that by using other equation types for simulation, algebraic constraints arising from aggregating several machines to a more complex system can directly be considered. The effects of different model variants on numerical ODE/DAE solvers are investigated in the focus of this work in order perform efficient simulations of larger systems possessing electrical AC machines.
Recent simulation results of the magnetic induction tomography forward problem
Authors: Stawicki Krzysztof , Szuflitowska Beata , Ziolkowski Marcin 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this paper we present the results of simulations of the Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT) forward problem. Two complementary calculation techniques have been implemented and coupled, namely: the finite element method (applied in commercial software Comsol Multiphysics) and the second, algebraic manipulations on basic relationships of electromagnetism in Matlab. The developed combination saves a lot of time and makes a better use of the available computer resources.
Genetic algorithm coupled with Bézier curves applied to the magnetic field on a solenoid axis synthesis
Authors: Ziolkowski Marcin , Gratkowski Stanislaw 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Electromagnetic arrangements which create a magnetic field of required distribution and magnitude are widely used in electrical engineering. Development of new accurate designing methods is still a valid topic of technical investigations. From the theoretical point of view the problem belongs to magnetic fields synthesis theory. This paper discusses a problem of designing a shape of a solenoid which produces a uniform magnetic field on its axis. The method of finding an optimal shape is based on a genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with Bézier curves.
European Union’s strategy on endocrine disrupting chemicals and the current position of Slovenia
Authors: Perharič Lucija , Fatur Tanja , Drofenik Jernej 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn view of the European Union regulations 1107/2009 and 528/2012, which say that basic substances in plant protection and biocidal products marketed in the European Union (EU) should not have an inherent capacity to cause endocrine disruption, an initiative was started to define scientific criteria for the identification of endocrine disruptors (EDs). The objectives of the EU strategy on EDs are to protect human health and the environment, to assure the functioning of the market, and to provide clear and coherent criteria for the identification of EDs that could have broad application in the EU legislation. Policy issues were to be addressed by the Ad-hoc group of Commission Services, EU Agencies and Member States established in 2010, whereas the scientific issues were to be addressed by the Endocrine Disruptors Expert Advisory Group (ED EAG), established in 2011. The ED EAG adopted the 2002 World Health Organization (WHO) definition of endocrine disruptor and agreed that for its identification it is necessary to produce convincing evidence of a biologically plausible causal link between an adverse effect and endocrine disrupting mode of action. In 2014, the European Commission proposed four ED identification criteria options and three regulatory options, which are now being assessed for socio-economic, environmental, and health impact. Slovenia supports the establishing of identification criteria and favours option 4, according to which ED identification should be based on the WHO definition with the addition of potency as an element of hazard characterisation. As for regulatory options, Slovenia favours the risk-based rather than hazard-based regulation.
Induction of the Secretion of LH and GH by Orexin A and Ghrelin is Controlled in Vivo by Leptin and Photoperiod in Sheep
Authors: Kirsz Katarzyna , Szczęsna Małgorzata , Molik Edyta , Misztal Tomasz , Zięba Dorota A. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The influence of leptin on orexin A and the interaction of leptin with ghrelin in regulating the gonadotropic and somatotropic axes in seasonally polyestrous animals are not well understood. This study examined the effects of these factors as well as the mediating roles of specific ovine leptin antagonist (SOLA; mutant D23L/L39A/D40A/F41A) and photoperiod on luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone (GH) secretion. Twenty-four ovariectomized, estradiol-implanted ewes were used in a replicated switchback design. The ewes were assigned randomly to 1 of 6 treatments (infused into the third ventricle 3 times at 0 (dusk), 1, and 2 h) as follows: control, Ringer-Locke buffer; leptin, 0.5 μg/kg b.w.; orexin A, 0.3 μg/kg b.w.; ghrelin, 2.5 μg/kg b.w.; SOLA, 50 μg/kg b.w. + orexin A, 0.3 μg/kg b.w.; and SOLA, 50 μg/kg b.w. + ghrelin, 2.5 μg/kg b.w. Blood samples (5 ml) were collected at 15-min intervals for 4 h. SOLA + orexin A resulted in an increase (P<0.01) in the LH plasma concentration during short-day (SD) and long-day (LD) photoperiods. However, ghrelin and SOLA + ghrelin had the opposite effect. SOLA + orexin A resulted in an increase (P<0.001) in the GH concentration compared with leptin or orexin A during the LD season. Ghrelin and SOLA + ghrelin increased the GH concentration (P<0.01) regardless of the season. In summary, LH and GH secretion are seasonally dependent on relationships that are subject to photoperiodic regulation, and leptin is an important regulator of the effects of ghrelin and orexin A on the activities of the gonadotropic and somatotropic axes in sheep.
Optimization of nitrogen source for Bifidobacterium bifidum using response surface methodology
Authors: Chen He , Kou Jianbo , Hu Man , Shu Guowei 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In order to improve the viable counts of Bifidobacterium bifidum BB01 in the liquid medium, the Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to optimize the nitrogen source in the medium of B. bifidum BB01. The results showed that the nitrogen source composition of B. bifidum BB01 was: peptone 0.9%, yeast extracts 0.3%, beef paste 0.7%. Under the optimal conditions, the viable counts of B. bifidum BB01 reached (2.49±0.06)×109CFU/mL after cultured at 18h, which was 42.97% higher than MRS (lactose), and 12.85% higher than the optimized MRS medium (carbon source and prebiotics were optimized). Therefore, the CCD used in this study is workable for promoting the growth of B. bifidum BB01.
Analysis on effect of separation and purification of glycoprotein extracted from Camellia seeds and its functional activity as basis for the economic development of Camellia oleifera industry
Authors: Feng Aiguo , Liu Gang 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Taking Camellia oleifera seeds as raw materials, this study explored extraction and purification of glycoprotein separated from Camellia seeds as well as its antitumor activity, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the economic development of Camellia oleifera industry. Key impact factors of Camellia seed glycoprotein were extracted using buffer solution method and water extraction method and a regression model was set up. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium was used to evaluate the in vitro antitumor activity of glycoprotein extracted from Camellia seeds and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to measure its denaturation enthalpy value. Results indicated that protein and sugar yields were 8.96% and 17.05% respectively under optimal conditions when water extraction method was used. Crude glycoprotein extracted from Camellia oleifera had a certain inhibitory effect on human hepatoma cell HepG2, gastric cancer cell MGC-803 and breast cancer cell MCF-7 and crude glycoprotein extracted from Camellia oleifera by water-extraction and alcohol-precipitation method had a strong antitumor effect. Crude glycoprotein obtained in the two different ways was capable of scavenging DPPH, •OH and O2g- free radicals and also showed good reducing capacity. DSC measurement results revealed that specific rotation of

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was - 32.5. Antitumor experiment in vitro showed that glycoprotein extracted from Camellia seeds in the two different ways had a certain inhibitory effect on HepG2, MGC-803 and MCF-7, which has important theoretical and realistic significances to promoting utilization value of camellia resources, strengthening Camellia oleifera’s comprehensive development and utilization of high added value as well as enriching types and functions of active glycoprotein.
Influence of Soil Traits on Polyphenols Level in Moltkia petraea (Tratt.) Griseb. (Boraginaceae)
Authors: Kremer Dario , Grubešić Renata Jurišić , Ballian Dalibor , Stešević Danijela , Kosalec Ivan , Rodríguez Jadranka Vuković , Vukobratović Marija , Srečec Siniša 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The Illyric–Balkan endemic species Moltkia petraea (Tratt.) Griseb. is very interesting as a potential horticultural and medicinal plant. The aim of this study was to investigate soil conditions of M. petraea habitats, the phenolic content in plant parts, and the influence of soil properties on the phenolic contents. The results were evaluated using Spearman rank order correlations. Analyzed soil samples contained very low to intermediate levels of physiologically active phosphorus, but were very rich in potash. Organic matter content of soil was high. Phenolic compound content was higher in leaves than in flowers or stems. The analyses showed that M. petraea possesses considerable quantities of phenolic compounds and has no specific demands for particular soil conditions. A negative correlation was found between soil phosphorus content and total phenols content in leaves and stems, and with the total phenolic acids content in flowers. Organic matter in soil also found to have a negative influence on total tannins content in stems. Among the tested geographical locations, the Mljet population showed a higher degree of separation from the remaining locations.
Multiple output CMOS current amplifier
Authors: Pankiewicz B. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this paper the multiple output current amplifier basic cell is proposed. The triple output current mirror and current follower circuit are described in detail. The cell consists of a split nMOS differential pair and accompanying biasing current sources. It is suitable for low voltage operation and exhibits highly linear DC response. Through cell devices scaling, not only unity, but also any current gains are achievable. As examples, a current amplifier and bandpass biquad section designed in CMOS TSMC 90nm technology are presented. The current amplifier is powered from a 1.2V supply. MOS transistors scaling was chosen to obtain output gains equal to -2, 1 and 2. Simulated real gains are -1.941, 0.966 and 1.932 respectively. The 3dB passband obtained is above 20MHz, while current consumption is independent of input and output currents and is only 7.77μA. The bandpass biquad section utilises the previously presented amplifier, two capacitors and one resistor, and has a Q factor equal to 4 and pole frequency equal to 100 kHz.
Methods of reconstructing complex multi-structural anatomical objects with RP techniques
Authors: Kudasik T. , Miechowicz S. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This article presents reconstruction methods applied to a (geometrically and physically) complex structural object with the use of RP and RT techniques. The methods are innovative due to their hybrid - multi-model and multi-material - approach to reconstruction, as well as the application of multiple technologies. An experimental analysis was conducted to verify the feasibility of rapid prototyping (RP) techniques in the reconstruction of complex internal structures using materials of diverse properties. Some RP techniques offer the possibility of discriminating between diverse objects through the use of different colours. Such models are well-suited for diagnostic purposes, for better visualisation of complex clinical problems, pathological alterations, etc. Nevertheless, they fail to fully reflect physical and mechanical properties of objects, which renders them useful in experimental analysis only to a limited extent. Their basic drawback is that they merely reflect geometrical features of the examined object. The methods discussed in the present article enable modelling multi-object structures in a single process based on the PolyJet Matrix technology and materials of different physical properties by means of a hybrid method. The article also describes the process of modelling complex anatomical structures of soft tissues and bones using models of the maxilla and the mandible as examples. The study is based on data acquired through standard computed tomography (CT). In addition, the article addresses selected aspects of CT acquisition, generation of numerical models composed of several anatomical structures (objects) and fabricating physical multi-object models.
Discrete-continuous project scheduling with preemptable activities
Authors: Różycki R. , Waligóra G. , Węglarz J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this paper, discrete-continuous project scheduling problems with preemptable activities are considered. In these problems, activities of a project simultaneously require discrete and continuous resources for their execution. The activities are preemptable, and the processing rate of each activity is a continuous, increasing function of the amount of a single continuous resource allotted to the activity at a time. The problem is to find a precedence- and discrete resource-feasible schedule and, simultaneously, continuous resource allocation that would minimize the project duration. Convex and concave processing rate functions are considered separately. We show that for convex functions the problem is simple, whereas for concave functions a special methodology has to be developed. We discuss the methodology for three cases of the problem: no discrete resource constraints, one discrete resource being a set of parallel, identical machines, and an arbitrary number of discrete resources. In each case we analyze separately independent and precedence-related activities. Some conclusions and directions for future research are given.
Drazin inverse matrix method for fractional descriptor discrete-time linear systems
Authors: Kaczorek T. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The Drazin inverse of matrices is applied in order to find the solutions of the state equations of fractional descriptor discrete-time linear systems. The solution of the state equation is derived and the set of consistent initial conditions for a given set of admissible inputs is established. The proposed method is illustrated by a numerical example.
Hand Vein Image Enhancement Based on Multi-Scale Top-Hat Transform
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Wang Jun , Li Ming , Zheng Yaguang , Wang Kai 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Traditional image contrast enhancement methods originally cannot improve the quality of vein images and may also import some unknown noise resulting in low recognition rate. To overcome the abovementioned disadvantages, the paper proposes an enhancement method based on the morphological filtering theory including three main procedures. Firstly, the algorithm extract the vein Region Of Interest (ROI), and then adopting the improved White Top-Hat transform (WTH) and Black Top-Hat transform (BTH) methods to get the features of vein in detail in both white and black pattern (vein information and background information); Secondly, to construct the filtering function with the self-designed controlling operator, representing the gradient changes of the vein edges, which well reflects the importance of local detail in multi-scale pattern; Finally, traditional nonlinear gray-level transformation function is imported with modality to the parameters to realize the gray normalization. We perform rigorous experiments with the proposed method and other state-of-the-art enhancement methods on the self-built dorsal vein image databases, and the experimental results illustrate that the multiscale top-hat theory-based enhancement methods improve the contrast of hand vein images with restrictions on the possibility of enhancement on existing noise information.
An Indirected Recommendation Model for Chinese Microblog
Authors: Duan Jianyong , Dong Zheng , Zhang Mei 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Microblog is a browser-based platform for web user’s information sharing and communication. With the rapidly increasing of microblog population, its recommendation function becomes necessary. This paper proposes the recommendation by the Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic model, which combines the user interests into the model to meet their needs. We also conduct a comparative analysis between indirect and direct recommendation algorithms. The experimental results show that the indirect recommendation is more effective for the micro-blog recommendation.
Critical Infrastructure Protection beyond Compliance. An Analysis of National Variations in the Implementation of Directive 114/08/EC
Authors: Lazari Alessandro , Simoncini Marta 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe Directive 114/08 on the protection of European critical infrastructures (ECIs) aimed to identify a common approach to the protection of those assets which destruction or disruption might have a significant impact across (mostly, neighbouring) Member States. All the Member States have implemented this Directive, but outcomes are strongly uneven and harmonisation of protection is far from being reached. The commitment of Member States to the substantive implementation of the Directive varied widely across Europe. By comparing and contrasting paradigmatic national experiences, this article aims to address the main issues emerging from such a fragmented regulatory framework and to assess its critical hurdles. The article focuses on three national experiences: United Kingdom (UK) and Italy as paradigmatic examples of countries with consolidated national experience in critical infrastructure protection (CIP), but with weak commitment to the European regulatory framework; and Romania as a case of a new accession country with strong commitment to the European policies and a proactive approach to the Europeanisation of CIP.