bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing therapeutic outcomes: radioactive iodine therapy versus non-radioactive iodine therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Tiucă Robert Aurelian , Tiucă Oana Mirela , Pop Raluca Monica , Paşcanu Ionela Maria 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionRadioactive iodine (RAI) has been utilized for nearly 80 years in treating both hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer, and it continues to play a central role in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) today. Recently, the use of RAI therapy for indolent, low-risk DTC has generated considerable debate. This case-control study evaluated the therapeutic response in DTC patients, comparing outcomes between those who received RAI therapy and those who did not.MethodsThe study included individuals diagnosed with either indolent or aggressive histological types of DTC who either underwent RAI therapy or did not. For each patient, information regarding demographics (age, sex, background), clinical data, laboratory parameters, pathological exam, history of RAI therapy, thyroid ultrasound findings, and loco-regional or distant metastasis was extracted. All group comparisons were made using a two-sided test at an α level of 5%.ResultsOut of 104 patients diagnosed with DTC, 76 met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently divided into two primary groups based on their history of RAI ablation. The majority of patients underwent RAI therapy (76.3%). Most patients had a good biochemical (68.4%, p = 0.246) and structural control (72.4%, p = 0.366), without a significant difference between the two groups. RAI therapy significantly protected against incomplete biochemical control in the overall population (p = 0.019) and in patients with histological indolent DTC (p = 0.030). Predictive factors for incomplete biochemical control included male sex (p = 0.008) and incomplete structural control (p = 0.002) across all patients, regardless of the histological type.DiscussionsWhile RAI therapy has traditionally been used to manage DTC, our study found no significant difference in biochemical and structural responses between patients who received RAI therapy and those who did not. However, RAI therapy emerged as a protective factor against incomplete biochemical control, even in histological indolent DTC cases. These findings suggest that while RAI therapy may not be universally necessary, it could be beneficial in reducing the risk of biochemical recurrence in select patient subgroups, such as those with incomplete structural control or male patients. Thus, a personalized approach to RAI therapy, tailored to individual risk factors, may improve patient outcomes without overtreatment.
Enhancing power quality monitoring with discrete wavelet transform and extreme learning machine: a dual-stage pattern recognition approach
Authors: Molu Reagan Jean Jacques , Mbasso Wulfran Fendzi , Saatong Kenfack Tsobze , Dzonde Naoussi Serge Raoul , Alruwaili Mohammed , Elrashidi Ali , Nureldeen Waleed 
Published: September 2024

Monitoring energy quality events is crucial for maintaining the stability and reliability of power grids. This paper presents a novel system integrating Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) for detecting and classifying power quality disturbances. The DWT performs multi-resolution analysis to decompose signals into time-frequency components, capturing various disturbances such as sags, swells, and harmonics. The ELM classifier, trained on these decomposed signals, achieves an impressive classification accuracy of 99.69%, significantly outperforming conventional methods like STFT with SVM (97.22%) and FFT with ANN (99.30%). The system was validated on a Xilinx Zynq-7000 SoC FPGA, demonstrating real-time processing capabilities with a latency of 1.5 milliseconds and a power consumption of 1.8 W. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the proposed method for real-time, accurate, and energy-efficient power quality monitoring.
Altered immune cell in human severe acute pancreatitis revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Wu Zheyi , Wang Shijie , Wu Zhiheng , Tao Junjie , Li Lei , Zheng Chuanming , Xu Zhipeng , Du Zhaohui , Zhao Chengpu , Liang Pengzhen , Xu Aman , Wang Zhenjie 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundSevere acute pancreatitis (SAP) is characterized by inflammation, with inflammatory immune cells playing a pivotal role in disease progression. This study aims to understand variations in specific immune cell subtypes in SAP, uncover their mechanisms of action, and identify potential biological markers for predicting Acute Pancreatitis (AP) severity.MethodsWe collected peripheral blood from 7 untreated SAP patients and employed single-cell RNA sequencing for the first time to construct a transcriptome atlas of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in SAP. Integrating SAP transcriptomic data with 6 healthy controls from the GEO database facilitated the analysis of immune cell roles in SAP. We obtained comprehensive transcriptomic datasets from AP samples in the GEO database and identified potential biomarkers associated with AP severity using the “Scissor” tool in single-cell transcriptomic data.ResultsThis study presents the inaugural construction of a peripheral blood single-cell atlas for SAP patients, identifying 20 cell subtypes. Notably, there was a significant decrease in effector T cell subsets and a noteworthy increase in monocytes compared to healthy controls. Moreover, we identified a novel monocyte subpopulation expressing high levels of PPBP and PF4 which was significantly elevated in SAP. The proportion of monocyte subpopulations with high CCL3 expression was also markedly increased compared to healthy controls, as verified by flow cytometry. Additionally, cell communication analysis revealed insights into immune and inflammation-related signaling pathways in SAP patient monocytes. Finally, our findings suggest that the subpopulation with high CCL3 expression, along with upregulated pro-inflammatory genes such as S100A12, IL1B, and CCL3, holds promise as biomarkers for predicting AP severity.ConclusionThis study reveals monocytes’ crucial role in SAP initiation and progression, characterized by distinct pro-inflammatory features intricately linked to AP severity. A monocyte subpopulation with elevated PPBP and CCL3 levels emerges as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target.
Effects of two immunosuppression regimens on T-lymphocyte subsets in elderly kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Freitas Geraldo Rubens R. , Fernandes Maria da Luz , Agena Fabiana , Lemos Francine B. C. , Paula Flavio J. de , Coelho Verônica , David-Neto Elias , Galante Nelson Z. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundDespite the growing number of elderly kidney transplant (Ktx) recipients, few studies have examined the effects of immunosuppression on their lymphocyte profiles.MethodsWe evaluated the early conversion from mycophenolate sodium (MPS) to everolimus (EVL) after rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) 2 mg/kg induction in elderly kidney recipients. Three groups of KTx patients were compared: (a) Young (n=20, 36 ± 7 y) receiving standard immunosuppression (Group A1) (prednisone, tacrolimus, and MPS), (b) Elderly (n=35, 65 ± 3 y) receiving standard immunosuppression (Group B1), and (c) Elderly (n=16, 65 ± 3 y) with early (mean 30 d) conversion from MPS to EVL (Group B2). Naive, memory, and regulatory peripheral blood TCD4+ lymphocytes were quantified at 0, 30, and 365 d.ResultsResults are reported as [mean(p25–p75)]. Young recipients had higher lymphocyte counts at baseline [2,100(1,630–2,400) vs. 1,310 (1,000–1,600)/mm3, p&lt;0.0001] maintained higher counts within 365 d [1,850(1,590–2,120) vs. 1,130(460–1,325)/mm3, p=0.018 and vs. 1,410(805–1,895)/mm3, p=0.268]. Elderly recipients showed a decrease in lymphocytes within 30 d [1,310(1,000–1,600) vs. 910(700–1,198)/mm3, p=0.0012] with recovery within 365 d. The same pattern was observed in total lymphocytes and TCD4+ counts. Rabbit antithymocyte globulin induced a reduction in central memory T-cell percentages at 30 d in both young recipients [6.2(3.77–10.8) vs. 5.32(2.49–7.28)% of CD4+, p=0.036] and in elderly recipients [8.17(5.28–12.88) vs. 6.74(4.36–11)% of CD4+, p=0.05] on standard immunosuppression, returning to baseline at 365 d in elderly recipients but not in young recipients. Regulatory T CD39+ cells (Treg) percentages decreased at 30 d in elderly recipients [2.1(1.23–3.51) vs. 1.69(0.8–2.66)% of CD4+, p=0.0028] and in young recipients [1.29(0.45–1.85) vs. 0.84(0.18–1.82)% of CD4+, p=0.0038], returning to baseline at 365 d in elderly recipients [2.1(1.23–3.51) vs. 2.042(0.88–2.42)% of CD4+], but not in young recipients [1.29(0.45–1.85) vs. 0.86(0.7–1.34) % of CD4+]. The elderly everolimus conversion group did not show significant changes in cell profile over time or compared to elderly recipients with standard immunosuppression.ConclusionAging favored the maintenance of Treg during the late transplantation period despite ongoing immunosuppression. Lymphocyte depletion due to rATG was more prominent in elderly recipients and affected memory subsets with a temporary reduction in central memory T cells. However, conversion to everolimus did not impact Treg profile. Reducing the dose of rATG in elderly recipients seems necessary for the expected lymphocyte changes with EVL to occur.Clinical trial registrationnEverOld Trial, identifier NTC01631058.
Microbial diversity in earthen site of exhibition Hall of pit no. 1 at the terracotta warriors Museum in Emperor Qinshihuang’s mausoleum site museum and its correlation with environmental factors
Authors: Wang Cen , Hou Lilong , Jiang Nan , Wang Yu , Mao Xiaofen , Zhou Ping , Xia Yin , Wang Yuanyuan , Chen Chuyue , Yang Xinyu , Luo Qiang , Pan Jiao 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionEarthen sites are essential cultural relic resources, and site museums are a fundamental component of China’s cultural heritage protection. The mausoleum of the Qin Shi Huang Emperor is one of the largest, most peculiar, and richest imperial tombs in the world. The exhibition hall of the burial pit No. 1 of the Terra Cotta Warriors is the earliest exhibition hall built and opened to the public. However, after years of excavation and open exhibitions, the earthen site of the Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum has deteriorated to varying degrees due to changes in the modern environment. There is an urgent need to control microbial diseases and protect the earthen site.MethodsWe analyzed the physical and chemical properties and bioindicators of the collected soil samples. We also established a metagenomic library and conducted a correlation analysis between microbial community composition and environmental factors. Cultivable fungi obtained from air and soil samples were identified, and allicin volatile gas fungistasis test was conducted.ResultResearch has found that four different areas of the exhibition hall have different types of microbial diseases owing to their different environments. The main pathogenic fungi in earthen site may lead to potential microbial diseases that affect important cultural relics such as the Terra Cotta Warriors. Penicillium, Aspergillus and Talaromyces showed relatively specific growth in relation to environmental factors and showed a better raw growth advantage.Allicin gas had a inhibitory effect on 12 types of fungi, therefore allicin gas had a potent inhibitory effect on the growth of the most culturable fungal hyphae.DiscussionThis study provides basic data for the study of microbial diversity in the exhibition hall of Pit No. 1 at the Terracotta Warriors Museum in Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum. It provides a reference for future protection work, which is of great significance.
Prolonged moderate to vigorous physical activity may lead to a decline in cognitive performance: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Yutao , Fu Chenyi , Song Honglin , Zhang Zhenhang , Liu Tianbiao 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study investigates the causal relationship between moderate to vigorous physical activity and cognitive performance.MethodsGenetic loci strongly related to moderate to vigorous physical activity from genome-wide association studies were used as instrumental variables. These were combined with genetic data on cognitive performance from different Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) to conduct a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. The primary analysis used inverse variance weighting within a random effects model, supplemented by weighted median estimation, MR-Egger regression and other methods, with results expressed as Beta coefficient.ResultsThis study selected 19 SNPs closely related to physical activity as instrumental variables. The multiplicative random-effects Inverse-Variance Weighted (IVW) analysis revealed that moderate to vigorous physical activity was negatively associated with cognitive performance (Beta = −0.551; OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.46–0.72; p &lt; 0.001). Consistent results were obtained using the fixed effects IVW model (Beta = −0.551; OR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.52–0.63; p &lt; 0.001), weighted median (Beta = −0.424; OR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.55–0.78; p &lt; 0.001), simple mode (Beta = −0.467; OR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.44–0.90; p &lt; 0.001), and weighted mode (Beta = −0.504; OR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44–0.83; p &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for BMI, smoking, sleep duration, and alcohol intake frequency, the multivariate MR analysis also showed a significant association between genetically predicted MVPA and cognitive performance, with Beta of −0.599 and OR = 0.55 (95% CI: 0.44–0.69; p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe findings of this study indicate that genetically predicted moderate to vigorous physical activity may be associated with a decline in cognitive performance.
Correlation of muscle strength, working memory, and activities of daily living in older adults
Authors: Liao Jinlin , Wang Jing , Jia Shuqi , Cai Zhidong , Liu Hairong 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the relationship between muscle strength, working memory, and activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults. Additionally, it seeks to clarify the pathways and effects of working memory in mediating the relationship between muscle strength and ADL.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional study design, we recruited 245 older adults individuals from nursing homes. We collected data on grip strength, the 30-s sit-to-stand test, the N-back task, and ADL. The data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, χ2 tests, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling.ResultsGrip strength significantly influenced ADL (effect size = −0.175, 95% CI: −0.226 to −0.124). Grip strength also had a significant direct effect on ADL (effect size = −0.114, 95% CI: −0.161 to −0.067). The 1-back task correct rate significantly mediated the relationship between grip strength and ADL (effect size = 0.054, 95% CI: −0.084 to −0.029). The 30-s sit-to-stand test significantly impacted ADL (effect size = −0.280, 95% CI: −0.358 to −0.203). It also had a significant direct effect on ADL (effect size = −0.095, 95% CI: −0.183 to −0.007). The 1-back task correct rate significantly mediated the relationship between the 30-s sit-to-stand test and ADL (effect size = −0.166, 95% CI: −0.236 to −0.106).ConclusionThere exists a strong correlation between muscle strength, working memory, and ADL. Increased muscle strength leads to better ADL performance and improved working memory tasks. Low cognitive load working memory tasks can mediate the relationship between muscle strength and ADL. Regular physical exercise can enhance muscle strength, slow down the decline of working memory, thereby maintaining or improving ADL in older adults.
A dietary intervention with conjugated linoleic acid enhances microstructural white matter reorganization in experimental stroke
Authors: Straeten Frederike A. , Strecker Jan-Kolja , Börsch Anna-Lena , Maus Bastian , Hoppen Maike , Schmeddes Birgit , Härtel Lucia , Fleck Ann-Katrin , van Zyl Stephanie , Straeten Tabea , Beuker Carolin , Koecke Mailin , Mueller-Miny Louisa , Faber Cornelius , Meyer zu Hörste Gerd , Klotz Luisa , Minnerup Jens , Schmidt-Pogoda Antje 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundA dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was shown to attenuate inflammation and increase the proportions of circulating regulatory T cells (Tregs) and M2-type macrophages in disease models such as autoimmune encephalitis and arteriosclerosis. Since Tregs and anti-inflammatory (M2-type) macrophages were found to enhance stroke recovery, we hypothesized that CLA-supplementation might improve stroke recovery via immune modulatory effects.MethodsFunctional assessment was performed over 90 days after induction of experimental photothrombotic stroke in wild type mice (n = 37, sham n = 10). Subsequently, immunological characterization of different immunological compartments (n = 16), ex vivo magnetic resonance (MR, n = 12) imaging and immunohistochemical staining (n = 8) was performed. Additionally, we tested the effect of CLA in vitro on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from human stroke patients and healthy controls (n = 12).ResultsMR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) demonstrated enhanced microstructural reorganization of interhemispheric white matter tracts, dependent on lesion size. Functional recovery over 90 days remained unaffected. Detailed immunological analyses across various compartments revealed no significant long-term immunological alterations due to CLA. However, analyses of human blood samples post-stroke showed reduced levels of pro-inflammatory interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) release by T-lymphocytes following in vitro treatment with CLA.ConclusionWe aimed to explore the efficacy of a dietary intervention with minimal known side effects that could be accessible to human stroke patients, regardless of the degree of disability, and without the risks associated with aggressive immunomodulatory therapies. Our main findings include improved microstructural reorganization in small infarcts and a reduced inflammatory response of human T cells in vitro.
The relationship between the functional status of upper extremity motor neurons and motor function and prognosis in stroke patients
Authors: Li Xiaoyi , Shao Zhen , Li Zhi , Wei Xiupan , Zong Lijuan , Wang Pei , Zhou Ting , Wang Hongxing 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThis study investigates the correlation between neuroelectrop-hysiological assessments such as motor unit number estimation (MUNE) and F-waves with upper extremity motor function and one-year prognosis in stroke patients.MethodsNeuroelectrophysiological assessments of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle, including MUNE and F-waves, were conducted. Upper extremity motor function was evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) and the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between upper extremity motor function and variables such as MUNE and F-waves. ROC curve analysis assessed the predictive ability of MUNE and F-waves for upper extremity motor function, and binary logistic regression analysis examined factors related to motor function improvement 1 year post-discharge.ResultsA total of 130 patients were ultimately included. Significant differences in MUNE and occupancy rate of non-repeater F-waves (non-ORF) were found between hemiplegic and unaffected sides (p &lt; 0.001), with a significant difference in F-wave mean latency (p &lt; 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between FMA-UE at admission and hemiplegic side’s MUNE and non-ORF (p &lt; 0.001). Multiple linear regression indicated that hemiplegic side’s MUNE (β = 0.88, p &lt; 0.001) and non-ORF (β = 0.275, p = 0.005) influenced FMA-UE. ROC analysis demonstrated higher predictive ability for hemiplegic side’s MUNE (AUC = 0.696, p &lt; 0.001) than non-ORF (AUC = 0.622, p = 0.018). Binary logistic regression showed that hemiplegic side’s MUNE was associated with FMA-UE improvement 1 year post-discharge.ConclusionMUNE and F-waves are correlated with upper extremity motor function in patients, reflecting their motor function status. These indicators have good predictive value for motor function and are associated with the prognosis of upper extremity motor function to a certain extent.
Accurate locomotor activity profiles of group-housed mice derived from home cage monitoring data
Authors: Sun Rongwan , Gaerz Marie-Christin , Oeing Christian , Mai Knut , Brachs Sebastian 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionHolistic phenotyping of rodent models is increasing, with a growing awareness of the 3Rs and the fact that specialized experimental setups can also impose artificial restrictions. Activity is an important parameter for almost all basic and applied research areas involving laboratory animals. Locomotor activity, the main form of energy expenditure, influences metabolic rate, muscle mass, and body weight and is frequently investigated in metabolic disease research. Additionally, it serves as an indicator of animal welfare in therapeutic, pharmacological, and toxicological studies. Thus, accurate and effective measurement of activity is crucial. However, conventional monitoring systems often alter the housing environment and require handling, which can introduce artificial interference and lead to measurement inaccuracies.MethodsOur study focused on evaluating circadian activity profiles derived from the DVC and comparing them with conventional activity measurements to validate them statistically and assess their reproducibility. We utilized data from metabolic studies, an Alzheimer’s disease model known for increased activity, and included DVC monitoring in a project investigating treatment effects on activity in a type-1-like diabetes model.ResultsThe DVC data yielded robust, scientifically accurate, and consistent circadian profiles from group-housed mice, which is particularly advantageous for longitudinal experiments. The activity profiles from both systems were fully comparable, providing matching profiles. Using DVC monitoring, we confirmed the hyperactivity phenotype in an AD model and reproduced a decline in activity in type-1-like diabetes model.DiscussionIn our work, we derived robust circadian activity profiles from the DVC data of group-housed mice, which were scientifically accurate, reproducible and comparable to another activity measurement. This approach can not only improve animal welfare according to the 3R principles but can also be implement in high-throughput longitudinal studies. Furthermore, we discuss the advantages and limitations of DVC activity measurements to highlight its potential and avoid confounders.