bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remembering ‘Knockin’ on Heaven’s Door’ in Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid
Authors: Hodgers Jonathan 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This article argues that Bob Dylan’s ‘Knockin’ on Heaven’s Door’, which accompanies a key scene in Sam Peckinpah’s 1973 film Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid, has had its relevance to the narrative enhanced by the song’s widespread propagation. The analysis provides a context for Dylan’s score in Peckinpah’s oeuvre as well as within more general late 1960s and early 1970s scoring trends in the film western. Pertinent is the number of versions afforded Pat Garrett (a theatrical cut, a director’s preview and a hybrid ‘special edition’), resulting in either the inclusion or omission of Dylan’s vocals and lyrics. The presence, or lack thereof, of this important element affects the semantics of the scene and film. In tracing aspects of the history of the song’s presence in cinema after Pat Garrett, the article shows how the drama of the original ‘Heaven’s Door’ scene is often reiterated. This dovetails with Peckinpah’s and Dylan’s shared concerns with memory and cyclicality. Finally, the article illustrates that the use of popular ‘standards’ with judiciously omitted lyrics can suggest an interior monologue and a novelistic insight into a character’s thoughts.
The Ukrainian Minority in Brno: A Qualitative Research on Ethnic Identity
Authors: Součková Taťána 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The article focuses on the presentation of the temporary results of the qualitative ethnological research concerning the Ukrainian minority in Brno, Czech Republic. It is aimed on the description of the basic principles of the life of the diaspora in Brno and expressing the ethnic identity of the Ukrainians. After the introductory part author defines the methodological approach as well as the techniques used while carrying out the research. Following part of the article is aimed on characterizing the main attributes of the Ukrainian ethnic identity according to the informants. Moreover, the perception of the presence of the Ukrainian diaspora in Brno is illustrated by the conclusions acquired from the open-ended interviews with the Czech participants.
Skład Chemiczny Osadów Bagiennych z Doliny Luciąży (Torfowisko Bęczkowice na Równinie Piotrkowskiej)
Authors: Borówka Ryszard K. , Tomkowiak Julita , Okupny Daniel , Forysiak Jacek 
Published: December 2015

AbstraktAnalizę geochemiczną przeprowadzono dla osadów organicznych z torfowiska Bęczkowice w środkowym biegu doliny rzeki Luciąża. Z profilu B-1, zlokalizowanego w południowej części doliny, pobrano do analiz geochemicznych 60 próbek osadów (do głębokości 3,00 m), reprezentujących 5-cm segmenty rdzenia. W próbkach tych oznaczono straty na prażeniu w temperaturze 550°C, informujące o zawartości materii organicznej oraz oznaczono pierwiastki o wymowie paleogeograficznej: Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn i metale ciężkie: Cu, Zn i Pb. Stosując analizę skupień wydzielono sześć lokalnych poziomów geochemicznych (LGZ), różniących się istotnie pod względem składu chemicznego osadów. Dla serii osadów torfowych określono również związki korelacyjne pomiędzy analizowanymi metalami, a także materią organiczną oraz obliczonymi wskaźnikami geochemicznymi: Ca/Mg, Na/K, Na+K+Mg/ Ca, Fe/Ca, Fe/Mn, Cu/Zn, pozwalającymi na rekonstrukcję warunków akumulacji analizowanych osadów. W toku analizy składowych głównych zidentyfikowano 10 głównych czynników, z których wybrano trzy pierwsze PC1, PC2 i PC3, wyjaśniające łącznie 84,4% wariancji. Do czynników kształtujących skład chemiczny holoceńskich osadów organicznych w środkowej części doliny Luciąży zaliczono produktywność biologiczną ekosystemu torfowego, procesy denudacji chemicznej i mechanicznej w zlewni (zwłaszcza dostawę allochtonicznej materii mineralnej), wzrost udziału wód opadowych w bilansie wodnym torfowiska oraz działalność człowieka.
Skład Chemiczny Osadów Bagiennych Z Doliny Rawki (Torfowisko Kopanicha, Równina Łowicko-Błońska)
Authors: Borówka Ryszard K. , Tomkowiak Julita , Okupny Daniel , Forysiak Jacek 
Published: December 2015

AbstraktAnalizę geochemiczną przeprowadzono dla osadów organicznych z torfowiska Kopanicha w dolinie środkowej Rawki. Z profilu Kop-1, zlokalizowanego w centralnej części mokradła, pobrano do analiz geochemicznych 59 próbek osadów (do głębokości 3,1 m), reprezentujących 2,5-cm segmenty rdzenia. W próbkach tych oznaczono straty na prażeniu w temperaturze 550°C, informujące o zawartości materii organicznej oraz oznaczono pierwiastki o wymowie paleogeograficznej: Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn i metale ciężkie: Cu, Zn i Pb. Stosując analizę skupień wydzielono siedem lokalnych poziomów geochemicznych (LGZ ), różniących się istotnie pod względem składu chemicznego osadów. Dla serii osadów torfowych określono również związki korelacyjne pomiędzy analizowanymi metalami, a także materią organiczną oraz obliczonymi wskaźnikami geochemicznymi: Ca/Mg, Na/K, Na+K+Mg/ Ca, Fe/Ca, Fe/Mn, Cu/Zn, pozwalającymi na rekonstrukcję warunków akumulacji analizowanych osadów. W toku analizy składowych głównych zidentyfikowano 10 głównych czynników, z których wybrano trzy pierwsze - PC 1, PC 2 i PC 3, wyjaśniające łącznie 78,98% wariancji. Do głównych czynników kształtujących skład chemiczny holoceńskich osadów organicznych w dolinie Rawki zaliczono sorpcję metali przez materię organiczną i uwodnione tlenki żelaza, zmienność akumulacji minerałów ilastych w środowisku sedymentacyjnym, warunki oksydacyjno-redukcyjne oraz działalność człowieka.
Theoretical geodesy
Authors: Borkowski Andrzej , Kosek Wiesław 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The paper presents a summary of research activities concerning theoretical geodesy performed in Poland in the period of 2011-2014. It contains the results of research on new methods of the parameter estimation, a study on robustness properties of the M-estimation, control network and deformation analysis, and geodetic time series analysis. The main achievements in the geodetic parameter estimation involve a new model of the M-estimation with probabilistic models of geodetic observations, a new Shift-Msplit estimation, which allows to estimate a vector of parameter differences and the Shift-Msplit(+) that is a generalisation of Shift-Msplit estimation if the design matrix A of a functional model has not a full column rank. The new algorithms of the coordinates conversion between the Cartesian and geodetic coordinates, both on the rotational and triaxial ellipsoid can be mentioned as a highlights of the research of the last four years. New parameter estimation models developed have been adopted and successfully applied to the control network and deformation analysis.
New algorithms based on the wavelet, Fourier and Hilbert transforms were applied to find time-frequency characteristics of geodetic and geophysical time series as well as time-frequency relations between them. Statistical properties of these time series are also presented using different statistical tests as well as 2nd, 3rd and 4th moments about the mean. The new forecasts methods are presented which enable prediction of the considered time series in different frequency bands.
Verification of Plastic Interactive Systems
Authors: Oliveira Raquel , Dupuy-Chessa Sophie , Calvary Gaëlle 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Interactive systems have largely evolved over the past years. Nowadays, different users can interact with systems on different devices and in different environments. The user interfaces (UIs) are expected to cope with such variety. Plastic UIs have the capacity to adapt to changes in their context of use while preserving usability. Such capability enhances UIs, however, it adds complexity on them. We propose an approach to verifying interactive systems considering this adaptation capability of the UIs. The approach applies two formal techniques: model checking, to the verification of properties over the system model, and equivalence checking, to compare different versions of a UI, thereby identifying different levels of UI equivalence. We apply the approach to a case study in the nuclear power plant domain in which several UI are analyzed, properties are verified, and the level of equivalence between them is demonstrated.
Visual Stability in Dynamic Graph Drawings
Authors: Lezama Alfredo Ramos , Chounta Irene-Angelica , Göhnert Tilman , Hoppe H. Ulrich 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In graph visualizations, dynamic networks are a special challenge. A typical approach is visualizing the network at several points in time. Drawing these individual time slices often leads to changes in the layout that distract viewers from important information about individual nodes. In this article, we present a mathematical model to quantify the visual stability of dynamic graph drawings. The model takes into account structural and layout-oriented characteristics of the graphs. In order to validate the model, we conducted a study using questionnaires and an eye-tracking device. The participants were asked to track nodes in a dynamic network with three different methods. Then, we compared these methods based on the proposed model, user feedback (questionnaires) and behavioral data (eye-tracking). The results suggest that dynamic graph drawings which assign a fixed position on the canvas to every actor in the network improve the efficiency of the visual search. Nonetheless, more time is required to process the image. In contrast to that, those dynamic graph drawings with a constant shape or with a minimal number of changes require less time to process the image but lose efficiency of visual search.
Survey of the Health Status of Some Honey Bee Queens in Italy
Authors: Porporato Marco , Grillone Giacomo , Patetta Augusto , Manino Aulo , Laurino Daniela 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
While observing: non-acceptance, frequent replacements, and reduced performance in honey bee (Apis mellifera ligustica) queens, we were induced to analyse a certain number of queens to detect the causes. For this purpose, 99 newly mated queens were bought from 20 Italian queen breeders. In addition, 109 older or at-the-end-of-their-career queens, that showed poor productivity, were collected from honey production hives throughout Italy. All the queens were dissected to check the status of their reproductive system and/or the presence of various anomalies and diseases.
Anatomical and functional anomalies, pertaining to ovaries and spermatheca, also in association with tissue alterations and microorganisms like Nosema spp. and protozoa, were common in both newly mated and older queens, but they were more prevalent in the latter. Observed differences permitted us to highlight the causes of the reduced performance of the queens and of the colonies they originated from. The obtained information could prove useful when it comes to improving queen breeding techniques.
Nutritional Effect of Alpha-Linolenic Acid on Honey Bee Colony Development (Apis Mellifera L.)
Authors: Ma Lanting , Wang Ying , Hang Xiaobo , Wang Hongfang , Yang Weiren , Xu Baohua 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which is an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), influences honey bee feed intake and longevity. The objective of this study was to research the effect of six dietary ALA levels on the growth and development of Apis mellifera ligustica colonies. In the early spring, a total of 36 honey bee colonies of equal size and queen quality were randomly allocated into 6 groups. The six groups of honey bees were fed a basal diet with supplementation of ALA levels at 0 (group A), 2 (group B), 4 (group C), 6 (group D), 8 (group E), and 10% (group F). In this study, there were significant effects of pollen substitute ALA levels on the feeding amounts of the bee colony, colony population, sealed brood amount, and weight of newly emerged workers (P<0.05). The workers’ midgut Lipase (LPS) activity of group C was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.01). The worker bees in groups B, C, and D had significantly longer lifespans than those in the other groups (P<0.05). However, when the diets had ALA concentrations of more than 6%, the mortality of the honey bees increased (P<0.01). These results indicate that ALA levels of 2 ~ 4% of the pollen substitute were optimal for maintaining the highest reproductive performance and the digestion and absorption of fatty acids in honey bees during the period of spring multiplication. Additionally, ALA levels of 2 ~ 6% of the pollen substitute, improved worker bee longevity.
Toxicity of Spirotetramat on Solitary Bee Larvae, Osmia Cornuta (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), in Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Sgolastra Fabio , Tosi Simone , Medrzycki Piotr , Porrini Claudio , Burgio Giovanni 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In this paper we assessed, under laboratory conditions, the toxicity of an active substance on solitary bee larvae of Osmia cornuta (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). A field-realistic dose of the systemic insecticide spirotetramat was applied to the mass provisions. The insecticide’s effects on several life-cycle parameters were studied in males and females. Our results showed a significantly shorter post-emergence longevity in bees exposed to spirotetramat during the larval stage, compared to the control. The observed reduction in longevity was 18 and 15%, respectively, in males and females. Mortality rate and other biological traits (larval and spinning duration, emergence time, food/body conversion rate) did not show significant differences between the two treatments. The method described in this study can be used to test the effects of toxic substances (i.e. agrochemicals) on bees. Moreover, it can constitute a basis for the development of a standardised protocol in the first tier of the Environmental Risk Assessment for solitary bees.
The Ability of Honey Bee Drones to Ejaculate
Authors: Czekońska Krystyna , Chuda-Mickiewicz Bożena 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The effectiveness of two methods of collecting semen from honeybee Apis mellifera drones was compared, and the reasons for problems with ejaculating semen were analysed. Among 275 drones, 100 were stimulated to release semen using a manual method, 100 with the use of chloroform, and from 75 drones the reproductive organs were dissected for analysis and evaluation. It was found that the principal causes of problems that drones had with ejaculating their semen were anatomical changes or a delay in the development of the mucus glands. It was also found that the method employing chloroform was less efficient in the first phase of eversion of the endophallus, compared with the manual method. The method with the use of chloroform allows the determination of the proportion of drones, which do not evert the endophallus because of poor or delayed development of mucus glands, as well as the proportion of drones which evert the organ, but do not ejaculate semen because of the absence of semen in the seminal vesicles.
Floral Phenology, Nectar Secretion Dynamics, and Honey Production Potential, of Two Lavender Species (Lavandula Dentata, and L. Pubescens ) in Southwestern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Nuru Adgaba , Al-Ghamdi Ahmad A. , Tena Yilma T. , Shenkut Awraris G. , Ansari Mohammad J. , Al-Maktary Anwer 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The aim of the current study was to determine the floral phenology, nectar secretion dynamics, and honey production potentials of two naturally growing lavender species (L. dentata and L. pubescens), in southwestern Saudi Arabia. In both species, flowering is continuous. This means that, when open flowers on a spike are shaded, new flowers emerge. Such a flowering pattern might be advantageous to the plant to minimise competition for pollinators and promote efficient resource allocation. The flowering periods of the two species overlap. Both species secreted increasing amounts of nectar from early morning to late afternoon. The mean maximum volumes of accumulated nectar from bagged flowers occurred at 15:00 for L. pubescens (0.50 ± 0.24 μL/flower) and at 18:00 for L. dentata (0.68 ± 0.19 μL/flower). The volume of the nectar that became available between two successive measurements (three-h intervals) varied from 0.04 μL/flower to 0.28 μL/flower for L. pubescens and from 0.04 μL/flower to 0.35 μL/ flower for L. dentata, This variation reflects the differences in the dynamics of nectar secretion by these species, and indicates the size of the nectar that may be available for flower visitors at given time intervals. The distribution of nectar secretions appears to be an adaptation of the species to reward pollinators for longer duration. Based on the mean amount of nectar sugar secreted by the plants, the honey production potentials of the species are estimated to be 4973.34 mg and 3463.41 mg honey/plant for L. dentata and L. pubescens, respectively.
Finite groups in which pronormality and 𝔉-pronormality coincide
Authors: Ballester-Bolinches Adolfo , Beidleman James C. , Feldman Arnold D. , Ragland Matthew F. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
For a formation 𝔉, a
subgroup U of a finite group G is said to be
𝔉-pronormal in G if for each g ∈ G,
there exists x ∈ 〈U,Ug
〉𝔉 such that Ux
= Ug
. If 𝔉 contains 𝔑,
the formation of nilpotent groups, then every 𝔉-pronormal subgroup is
pronormal and, in fact, 𝔑-pronormality is just classical
pronormality. The main aim of this paper is to study classes of finite
soluble groups in which pronormality and 𝔉-pronormality coincide.
Assessing Risk Following a Wireless Emergency Alert: Are 90 Characters Enough?
Authors: Casteel Mark A. , Downing Joe R. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In a relatively new initiative, homeland security and other emergency management officials use wireless cell technology to communicate Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) messages to an increasingly mobile public. Severe weather warnings represent one type of WEA message that the public can receive on their cell phone. So far, officials have limited WEA messages to 90 characters of text and therefore have excluded information-rich weather graphics like warning polygons and radar images. The question remains if this lean messaging strategy effectively communicates the risk and severity of the storm. In the current study, the researchers created prototype WEA tornado warning messages equivalent to both popular mobile weather apps on the market and the National Weather Service’s iNWS service to compare to typical WEA text-only warnings. The study therefore investigates WEA weather warning message effectiveness across one of four conditions: (1) WEA (text-only) alert; (2) WEA text+NWS warning polygon; (3) WEA text+radar image; and (4) WEA text+warning polygon+radar image. Participants were told they were driving through an unknown region of the US. The researchers asked participants to assess the perceived risk, perceived severity, and likelihood to contact a loved one for each message. The results indicate the decisions did not differ as a function of warning type. Also, the participants’ times to make the three decisions were equivalent across all four types of messages.
Some generalizations for Landweber iteration for nonlinear ill-posed problems in Hilbert scales
Authors: Neubauer Andreas 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In this paper we derive convergence rates results for Landweber iteration in
Hilbert scales. The assumptions that are necessary to prove these results are
less restrictive than the ones given in an earlier paper. The relaxed conditions
enlarge the range of applicability to a much wider class of nonlinear problems.
The theory is applied to nonlinear Hammerstein operators.
The Costs of Container Transport Flow Between Far East and Serbia Using Different Liner Shipping Services
Authors: Rajkovic Radoslav , Zrnic Nenad , Stakic Đorđe , Mahnic Borut 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Liner shipping is the most efficient mode of transport for goods. International liner shipping is a sophisticated network of regularly scheduled services that transports goods from anywhere in the world to anywhere in the world at low cost and with greater energy efficiency than any other form of international transportation. Liner shipping connects countries, markets, businesses and people, allowing them to buy and sell goods on a scale not previously possible. Today, the liner shipping industry transports goods representing approximately one-third of the total value of global trade. Ocean shipping contributes significantly to international stability and security. Considering the large and constant struggle in the market in terms of competitive pricing of products, a very important and indispensable role represents the container transport with a clear task to define the final price of the product. This paper analyzes the costs of container transport flow between Far East and Serbia, using different liner shipping services, observing the six world’s largest container operators (Maersk Line, Mediterranean Shipping Company, CMA CGM, Evergreen Line, China Ocean Shipping Company and Hapag-Lloyd) and inland (truck-rail-river) transport corridors. These corridors include distance between selected Mediterranean ports (Koper, Rijeka, Bar, Thessaloniki, Constanta) and Serbia. As a result, in this paper is considered a mathematical model that provides a comparative analysis of transportation costs on the different routes. It is observed already existing transport routes and it is also given hypothetical review to the development of new transport routes. The main goal of this research is to provide an optimal route with lowest transportation cost during container transport. Selection of the best route in the intermodal network is a very difficult and complex task. The costs in all modes of transport and the quality of their services are not constant parameters and changes depending on a number of conditions and characteristics. The analysis of this model within combined maritime and land-based networks would prove helpful for the study of logistics chains, the hinterland-foreland continuum, intermodal transport systems, and market competitiveness.
Estimating truck operating costs for domestic trips – case studies from Greece
Authors: Sdoukopoulos Eleftherios , Boile Maria , Anagnostopoulou Afroditi 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The transport sector represents a vital component of national economies and has significant impacts on productivity and social welfare. In 2012, the transport sector in Europe was estimated to account for 3.7% of the European Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and 5.1% for employment. Road transport proves to be the predominant mode for moving goods within Europe holding a share of approximately 45.8% in 2012 (in ton-kms). In Greece, the share of road freight transport is significantly higher (98%) indicating the importance of this sector for the Greek economy. To this end and considering the existing needs of road freight transport operators in Greece, the objective of this research is to establish an analytical and documented basis for estimating the operating cost of a truck on specific urban or national freight transport routes. To achieve this goal, an extended literature review has been conducted resulting in the identification of the main components comprising the total truck operating cost, which were then updated and validated through a series of personal interviews with selected road freight transport professionals. An excel-based application tool was also developed in order to facilitate operating cost estimates for different cases, through selection of the proper values of the relevant parameters. The resulting tool was used to analyse four test cases, which demonstrate the tool’s usability and applicability. Results from this analysis have been also validated by industry experts and they reflect real-world transport scenarios.