bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation arising within atrial myxoma: aggressive histological features but indolent clinical behaviour
Authors: Yan Jinhai , Luo Donglan , Zhang Fen , He Jiao , Yao Su , Luo Xinlan , Xu Fangping , Chen Yu , Fu Lingyi , Xu Jie , Liu Yanhui 
Published: August 2017

AimsPrimary cardiac lymphoma (PCL) is a rare neoplasm. PCL is fatal, unless it is diagnosed and treated early. Recently, a small number of cases of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) arising within atrial myxoma have been reported in immunocompetent patients and showed aggressive histological features but an indolent clinical behaviour.Methods and resultsWe present four unusual cases of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐positive DLBCL arising within atrial myxoma with detailed clinical, histological, immunophenotypical and genotypical features in immunocompetent patients, and review the literature for 11 similar cases. All the patients appeared to have morphological features of DLBCL, B lineage immunophenotype, high proliferative index and latency type III of EBV infection. They achieved complete tumour resection without chemotherapy or radiotherapy after surgery and were healthy at 3‐ and 7‐month and 7‐ and 10‐year follow‐ups, respectively.ConclusionsWe suggest that this lymphoma should be regarded as a unique DLBCL associated with chronic inflammation (DLBCL‐CI) because of an indolent clinical behaviour to avoid excessive or unnecessary treatments. In addition, early accurate diagnosis and complete resection of this tumour are crucial for optimal patient outcome.
Predicting drug interactions in addiction treatment
Authors: Lucas Catherine J. , Patel Joanne , Martin Jennifer H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIt is not uncommon to be treating people with addiction who also have significant other health problems, including heart, renal or liver failure, diabetes and vascular disease. These conditions require regular medications to be taken. This can be a problem for people living with addiction and difficult social circumstances affecting compliance, among other issues. Our perspective provides a summary of general pharmacological factors affecting medicine taking in people with addiction problems, to provide a guide for hospital doctors in this setting.
Bisphosphonate guidelines for treatment and prevention of myeloma bone disease
Authors: Lee Oi Lin , Horvath Noemi , Lee Cindy , Joshua Doug , Ho Joy , Szer Jeff , Quach Hang , Spencer Andrew , Harrison Simon , Mollee Peter , Roberts Andrew W. , Talaulikar Dipti , Brown Ross , Augustson Bradley , Ling Silvia , Jaksic Wilfrid , Gibson John , Kalff Anna , Johnston Anna , Kalro Akash , Ward Chris , Prince H. Miles , Zannettino Andrew 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy characterised by the clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. More than 80% of patients withMMdisplay evidence of myeloma bone disease (MBD), characterised by the formation of osteolytic lesions throughout the axial and appendicular skeleton.MBDsignificantly increases the risk of skeletal‐related events such as pathologic fracture, spinal cord compression and hypercalcaemia.MBDis the result ofMMplasma cells‐mediated activation of osteoclast activity and suppression of osteoblast activity. Bisphosphonates (BP), pyrophosphate analogues with high bone affinity, are the only pharmacological agents currently recommended for the treatment and prevention ofMBDand remain the standard of care. Pamidronate and zoledronic acid are the most commonly usedBPto treatMBD. Although generally safe, frequent high doses ofBPare associated with adverse events such as renal toxicity and osteonecrosis of the jaw. As such, optimal duration and dosing ofBPtherapy is required in order to minimiseBP‐associated adverse events. The following guidelines provide currently available evidence for the adoption of a tailored approach when usingBPfor the management ofMBD.
Optimising care of patients with chronic disease: patient‐oriented education may improve disease knowledge and self‐management
Authors: Hayward Kelly L. , Horsfall Leigh U. , Ruffin Brittany J. , Cottrell W. Neil , Chachay Veronique S. , Irvine Katharine M. , Martin Jennifer H. , Powell Elizabeth E. , Valery Patricia C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMany patients with chronic disease do not possess the knowledge and skills required to access and interpret appropriate health information. A pilot study in people with liver cirrhosis (n = 50) identified that only 54% of patients could recall being given written information by a clinician and 64% had self‐sought information, most commonly using the Internet. Many patients reported difficulties understanding the material and the majority wanted more accessible information. A pilot chronic disease educational booklet was well received by the study participants with 85% reporting it was helpful and 78% using it in between clinic appointments.
Statin‐associated immune‐mediated necrotising myopathy: a New Zealand case series showing possible overrepresentation in Pacific Islanders
Authors: Woolley Michelle , Stebbings Simon , Highton John 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundStatin‐associated immmune‐mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM) is an emerging entity. Being an uncommon condition, our knowledge and understanding is largely based on case series.AimTo review incident cases of statin‐associatedIMNMassociated with anti‐3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) antibodies in a single New Zealand centre over a 2‐year period.MethodsFour incident cases of statin‐associatedIMNMwere seen between 2014 and 2016. Their presentation, investigation, treatment and current response to treatment are summarised. Two of the four patients were Pacific Islanders despite a small Pacific Island population in the southern district health board. A literature search was performed focusing on the presentation, investigation and treatment of statin‐associatedIMNMand also genetic associations with this entity to determine whether Pacific Islanders may be at increased riskResultsAll four patients presented with profound weakness and recent exposure to atorvastatin. All proceeded to muscle biopsy. Two biopsies showed typicalIMNM. One biopsy had mild changes, reported as possibly being compatible with anti‐HMGCRantibodies. The final biopsy had features consistent withIMNM, with some features suggestive of polymyositis. Two recent studies have shown an association between anti‐HMGCRantibodies and theHLA‐DRB1*11:01haplotype. Interestingly,HLA‐DRB1alleles (includingHLA‐DRB1*11:01) were observed to be among the most frequent alleles in a Pacific Island population study.ConclusionThis is the first case series of statin‐associatedIMNMwith a focus on Pacific Islanders and raises the possibility that Pacific Islanders exposed to statins may be at increased risk of developing an immune‐mediated myopathy.
Overview of infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) in Atlantic Canada and first report of an ISAV North American‐HPR0 subtype
Authors: Gagné N , LeBlanc F 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) is an important viral disease of farmed Atlantic salmon that has caused considerable financial losses for salmon farmers around the world, including Atlantic Canada. It is listed as a notifiable disease by the World Organization for Animal Health, and to this day, culling of infected cages or farms remains the current practice in many countries to mitigate the spread of the virus. In Atlantic Canada, ISAV was first detected in 1996 and continues to be detected. While some outbreaks seemed to have arisen from isolated infections of unknown source, others were local clusters resulting from horizontal spread of infection. This study provides a description of the detected ISAV isolates in Atlantic Canada between 2012 and 2016, and explores the phylogenetic relatedness between these ISAV isolates. A key finding is the detection for the first time of a North American‐HPR0 ISAV subtype, which was predicted to exist for many years. Through phylogenetic analysis, a scenario emerges with at least three separate incursions of ISAV in Atlantic Canada. An initial ISAV introduction follows a genotypic separation between North America and Europe which resulted in the NA and EU genotypes known today; this separation predates the salmon aquaculture industry. The second incursion of ISAV from Europe to North America led to a sublineage in Atlantic Canada consisting of EU‐HPR∆ isolates detected in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and the predominant form of ISAV‐HPR0 (EU). Finally, we observed what could be the third and most recent incursion of ISAV in Newfoundland, in the form of an isolate highly similar to ISAV EU‐HPR0 isolates found in the Faroe Islands and the one isolate from Norway.
Risk factors for neck and shoulder pain among schoolchildren and adolescents
Authors: Dianat Iman , Alipour Arezou , Asgari Jafarabadi Mohammad 
Published: August 2017

AimTo evaluate the potential risk factors for neck and shoulder pain among schoolchildren.MethodsDemographic, physical/leisure activity, school‐related and psychosocial factors for neck/shoulder pain were evaluated in a cross‐sectional study of 1611 schoolchildren aged 11–14 years.ResultsNeck and shoulder complaints were reported in 27.9 and 19.0% of the sample, respectively. According to multivariate logistic regression models, high desk height (odds ratio (OR) = 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–4.07), forward‐inclined seat pan (OR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.40–4.05), time spent (30–60 min/day) carrying school bag (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.16–2.23) and psychosocial factors (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.03–3.72) independently increased the risk of neck pain, while low body mass index (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.42–0.95) decreased it. Time spent on watching TV (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.02–2.06), backward‐inclined seat backrest (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.02–2.58), curved seat backrest (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.05–3.08), too much homework (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.03–2.03) and psychosocial factors (conduct problems) (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.07–2.46) independently increased the risk of shoulder pain, while prosocial behaviour (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35–0.90) decreased it.ConclusionBoth physical and psychosocial factors influenced the risk for neck/shoulder pain in school‐aged children, suggesting that they should be considered in assessment and treatment of such symptoms in this population.
Dynamics of cerebral responses to sustained attention performance during one night of sleep deprivation
Authors: Zhu Yuanqiang , Xi Yibin , Fei Ningbo , Liu Yuchen , Zhang Xinxin , Liu Lin , Xu Ziliang , Sun Jinbo , Yang Xuejuan , Yin Hong , Tian Jie , Qin Wei 
Published: August 2017

SummaryTotal sleep deprivation (TSD) is increasingly common in modern society bringing various neurobehavioural effects. Dynamic changes of behaviour performances during TSD have been reported extensively, while the cerebral activation underlying such changes have not been elucidated clearly. This study aimed to investigate dynamic changes in cerebral responses to the fastest and slowest psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) trials during TSD. Thirty‐six healthy subjects with intermediate chronotype performed the PVT while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging every 2 h from 22:00 hours on the first day to 06:00 hours on the second day (i.e. 22:00, 12:00, 02:00, 04:00 and 06:00 hours; a total of five imaging sessions). Behaviourally, significant time effects were found for the PVT performance. For imaging results, significant activation alterations were found in the cognitive control network and the default mode network (DMN) for the fastest and slowest PVT trials, respectively. Time–course analysis indicated that the largest differences for behavioural results and imaging results happened in session 4 and became more prominent in session 5. Our findings provide more detailed information about the process of sustained attention activation during one night of TSD and add information regarding the effect of circadian rhythmicity and homeostatic sleep pressure on regional brain responses.
Combining anti‐IgE with oral immunotherapy
Authors: Lin Chunrong , Lee Ivan T. , Sampath Vanitha , Dinakar Chitra , DeKruyff Rosemarie H. , Schneider Lynda C. , Nadeau Kari Christine 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFood allergy is a significant medical problem that affects up to 8% of children in developed countries. At present, there are no curative therapies available in routine practice and management of food allergy involves strict allergen avoidance, education, and prompt treatment upon accidental exposure. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is an efficacious experimental approach to food allergy and has been shown to provide a substantial benefit in terms of allergen desensitization. However, OIT is associated with high rates of allergic reactions, and the period of protection offered by OIT appears to be limited and highly variable. Recurrence of allergen sensitivity after a period of treatment discontinuation is commonly observed. With the aim of overcoming these limitations of OIT, several trials have studied omalizumab (anti‐IgE monoclonal antibody) as an adjuvant treatment for patients undergoing OIT. Results from these trials have shown that the addition of omalizumab to OIT leads to a significant decrease in the frequency and severity of reactions, which allows for an increase in the threshold of tolerance to food allergens. This review provides a summary of the current literature and addresses some of the key questions that remain regarding the use of omalizumab in conjunction with OIT.
Sensory Over‐Responsiveness among Healthy Subjects is Associated with a Pronociceptive State
Authors: Weissman‐Fogel Irit , Granovsky Yelena , Bar‐Shalita Tami 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveChronic pain patients show hypersensitivity to sensory nonpainful stimuli. Sensory over‐responsiveness (SOR) to innocuous daily stimuli, experienced as painful, is prevalent in 10% of the healthy population. This altered sensory processing may be an expression of overfacilitation, or a less efficient pain‐inhibitory process in the pain pathways. We therefore aimed to investigate specifically the pain‐inhibitory system of subjects with SOR who are otherwise healthy, not studied as of yet.MethodsThirty healthy subjects, divided into an SOR group (n = 14) and a non‐SOR group (n = 16) based on responses to the Sensory Responsiveness Questionnaire, were psychophysically tested in order to evaluate (1) hyperalgesic responses; (2) adaptation/sensitization to 14 phasic heat stimuli; (3) habituation; (4) 6‐minute after‐sensations; and (5) conditioned pain modulation (CPM) (ie, phasic heat stimuli applied with and without hand immersion in a hot water bath).ResultsThe SOR group differed from the non‐SOR group in (1) a steeper escalation in NPS ratings to temperature increase (P = 0.003), indicating hyperalgesia; (2) increased sensitization (P < 0.001); (3) habituation responses (P < 0.001); (4) enhanced pain ratings during the after‐sensation (P = 0.006); and (5) no group difference was found in CPM.ConclusionsSOR is associated with a pronociceptive state, expressed by amplification of experimental pain, yet with sufficient inhibitory processes. Our results support previous findings of enhanced facilitation of pain‐transmitting pathways but also reveal preserved inhibitory mechanisms, although they were slower to react.
Dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopic presentation of Hailey‐Hailey disease: A case series
Authors: Oliveira A. , Arzberger E. , Pimentel B. , de Sousa V. C. , Leal‐Filipe P. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground/purposeHailey‐Hailey disease is a rare inherited acantholytic skin disorder characterized by heterogeneous clinical presentation. Its differential diagnosis might be wide, including other genodermatoses, inflammatory, and infectious skin diseases. Although histopathology remains as diagnostic gold standard, noninvasive techniques such as dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy may assist clinical examination. Herein, we aim to further characterize the dermoscopic and reflectance confocal microscopic presentation of Hailey‐Hailey disease with histologic correlation.MethodsEight patients with Hailey‐Hailey disease were consecutively recruited. All patients were examined using dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy.ResultsIn all cases, dermoscopy enabled the visualization of polymorphous vessels, including glomerular and linear‐looped vessels, within a pink‐whitish background. Reflectance confocal microscopy revealed wide suprabasilar partial acantholysis and clefting, crusts, dilated papillae with tortuous vessels, and inflammatory cells. Dyskeratosis, uplocated papillae, and adnexal sparing were also observed.ConclusionAlthough definite diagnosis was obtained by histopathology in all cases, dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy allowed the identification of common features (even in cases with dissimilar clinical presentation) that may support an early diagnosis of Hailey‐Hailey disease, and its differentiation from other more frequent skin disorders.
WHAT'S BEYOND MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES IN PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL? A 1-YEAR PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON MENTAL WELL-BEING
Authors: Gouttebarge Vincent , Aoki Haruhito , Kerkhoffs Gino 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundIn contrast to the extensive amount of information available about their physical health, scientific knowledge about the mental well-being of professional footballers is scarce. In addition, the potential relation of musculoskeletal injuries with the mental well-being of professional footballers has not been studied yet.ObjectiveTo explore the mental well-being (distress, anxiety depression, sleep disturbance, adverse alcohol use) of professional footballers over twelve months and to assess its relation with musculoskeletal injuries.DesignObservational prospective cohort study with a follow-up period of twelve months was conducted.SettingProfessional football in five European countries: Finland, France, Norway, Spain and Sweden.Patients (or Participants)A total of 540 professional footballers were enrolled (mean age at recruitment was 27 years; mean career duration was 8 years; 55% from the highest national level).Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)The total number of time-loss (>4 weeks) injuries occurred during a player's career was examined by a single question.Main Outcome MeasurementsDistress, anxiety depression, sleep disturbance, adverse alcohol use were self-reported through validated scales.ResultsAmong professional footballers, twelve-month incidence was 12% for distress, 37% for anxiety/depression, 19% for sleep disturbance and 14% for adverse alcohol use. At baseline, professional footballers who had sustained two or more time-loss injuries during their career were 2.5 to 3.5 times more likely to report distress, anxiety depression, sleep disturbance or adverse alcohol use.ConclusionsA professional football team typically drawn from a squad of 25 players can expect in one season at least three players to struggle with their mental well-being. This study empowers the need of an interdisciplinary approach to the clinical care and support in professional football.
RECRUITMENT OF BICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE REGIONS AT DIFFERENT RUNNING SPEEDS
Authors: Hegyi András , Gonçalves Basílio , Finni Taija , Cronin Neil 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundThe majority of hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) occur in the late swing phase of high-speed running when hamstrings work eccentrically. The proximal region of the biceps femoris (BF) seems to be the most common site of injury. Elongation of the fascicles in eccentric contractions is higher in the proximal region compared to the distal region of BF, but the neural background to this phenomenon is not clear.ObjectiveTo examine the region-specificity of BF muscle activity at different running speeds.DesignObservational study. Running speeds were randomized.SettingLaboratory, amateur level.ParticipantsFootball players without acute injury/illness, and without HSI history were recruited. Data collection is ongoing; six players have been measured and analysed so far.AssessmentAfter warm-up, players ran on a treadmill at 12, 15, 18 km/h, and maximum speed. Electromyographic activity (EMG) along the BF and joint angular displacements were recorded with a 16-channel high-density EMG array and 3-D motion analysis, respectively. EMG data were normalized to maximal voluntary isometric contraction.Main Outcome MeasuresNormalized root-mean-square activity was calculated in the proximal, middle and distal muscle regions, and BF elongation was calculated using musculoskeletal modelling.ResultsHigher BF elongation and activity were observed in all regions with increasing speed. Activity in the proximal region was lower compared to the distal region at 15, 18 km/h and maximum speed, by 12, 18, and 35%, respectively.ConclusionsLower relative activity in the proximal region and greater proximal-distal differences in activity with increasing speed may indicate why HSIs occur at higher speeds, and mainly in the proximal region. Lower proximal activity may be associated with the higher elongation in this region during eccentric contractions that has been reported previously. Future studies are needed to examine whether players with higher within-muscle heterogeneity in muscle recruitment are at higher risk for HSI.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TACKLE COACHING METHODS AND PLAYERS' TACKLE TRAINING ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOURS
Authors: Hendricks Sharief , Starling Lindsay , Jones Ben , Till Kevin , Lambert Mike 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundThe tackle event in rugby is a technical and physical contest between opposing players.A player's ability to tolerate and contest during a tackle is a prerequisite for safe participation and success in rugby. The attitude and behaviour of players towards safety have been identified as risk factors for injury. How a skill is coached may influence the player's attitude and actions when executing the skill in training and match play.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tackle coaching methods and players' tackle training attitudes and behaviours.DesignCross-sectional Survey.SettingHigh Schools.Participants164 Under-19 rugby male players.Assessment of Risk FactorsQuestionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale for importance (attitude), quantity (behaviour) and frequency (behaviour).Main Outcome MeasurementsAssociations between tackle coaching methods and players' tackle training attitudes and behaviours using the χ2test and Cramer's V.ResultsThe more time spent on coaching proper technique to prevent injuries, the higher players rated the importance of injury prevention (28% somewhat important-very important, χ2(16)=29.13, p<0.05, Cramer's V=0.21, moderate). Verbal instruction from the coach, whether to the individual player (29% somewhat important-very important, χ2(16)=30.41, p<0.05, Cramer's V=0.22, moderate) or team (34% somewhat important-very important, χ2(16)=34.04, p<0.01, Cramer's V=0.23, moderate) was positively associated with how important players rated injury prevention.ConclusionsThis is the first study to report on the relationship between tackle coaching methods and players' tackle training attitudes and behaviours. When coaches offered verbal instruction and spent more time coaching proper technique to prevent injuries, players tended to have a more positive attitude toward injury prevention when training the tackle.