bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining the Sulcus Line and Posterior Condylar Axis Reduces Femoral Malrotation in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Talbot Simon , Chao Tat Woon , Geraghty Liam 
Published: March 2016

Objectives: Femoral component malrotation is a common cause of patient dissatisfaction after total knee arthroplasty. The Sulcus Line (SL) is formed from multiple points along the floor of the trochlear groove, and has been shown to be more accurate than Whiteside Line. A trochlear alignment guide (TAG) is required to maintain the accuracy of the SL and allow intraoperative comparison of the SL and the posterior condylar axis (PCA). The hypothesis is that averaging these two landmarks will lead to less femoral malrotation. Methods: Surgery was performed in 50 patients using the TAG. The component was inserted at a position between the SL and PCA. An intraoperative photograph was taken of the distal cut surface of the femur showing the pin-holes representing the SL, the PCA and the final component position. These were compared to the component position achieved relative to the surgical epicondylar axis (SEA) on a postoperative CT scan. Comparison was made between the final component position and the position which would have been achieved using either the SL or PCA individually. The theoretical position which could be achieved by averaging the SL and PCA was also calculated. Results: The SEA was identified on CT scan in 46 cases. The component position was 0.7° (SD 1.5°), SL was -0.8° (SD 2.1°), PCA was 1.1° (SD 2.1°), the calculated average position between SL and PCA was 0.1° (SD 1.5°). There was a significant decrease in variance between both the component position and the calculated average when each was compared to the SL and PCA individually. The number of outliers greater than 3° from the SEA was also significantly less (p<0.05) for both the component position (3/46, 6%) and the calculated average position(1/46, 2%) when each was compared to the SL (10/46, 22%) and PCA (11/46, 24%) individually. The rotational alignment of the trochlear and posterior condyles diverged from each other more than 4° in 11/46 (24%). Conclusion: Averaging the SL and the PCA intraoperatively leads to decreased femoral component malrotation compared to the use of either landmark individually.
Validation of Patellar Stabilization Surgical Algorithm Based on Congruence
Authors: Kejriwal Ritwik , Dalrymple Rhydian , Annear Peter 
Published: March 2016

Background: Multiple algorithms exist for proximal and/or distal stabilisation surgery for patellar instability with no consensus in the literature. Aim: To validate our surgical algorithm based on patellofemoral congruence for patellar instability. Algorithm: Once patellar stabilization surgery is clinically indicated, we determine patellofemoral congruence abnormality based on quadriceps active CT and intraoperative arthroscopic assessment. Arthroscopic lateral release is carried out if indicated. For patients with minimal incongruence post lateral release, MPFL reconstruction alone (MPFL group) is performed, and we perform tibial tubercle transfer and MPFL reconstruction (TTT group) for significant incongruence Methods: Retrospective study with prospective follow up of patients operated on between 2008 and 2015. We excluded patients with skeletal immaturity, previous patellofemoral surgery, and distalisation of tibial tubercle. Chart review, pre and post operative quadriceps active CT, Kujala score, and patient’s subjective stability analysed. Results: 98 patients were reviewed with mean follow up 37 weeks. 14 patients had MPFL alone. Recurrence of instability occurred in 4% of patients, all in TTT group. Reoperation rate was 19%, almost all in TTT group, with removal of hardware being the most common reason. There was no significant difference in TTTG between the two groups on pre operative CT measurement. Conclusion: Patellar stabilization surgical algorithm based on congruence is valid in preventing further instability. Reoperation rate is high due to majority of patients receiving TTT procedure.
Two Case Studies Related to Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Hale David 
Published: March 2016

Objectives: Report on Two Case Studies related to Total Knee Arthroplasty Previously Discussed by AKS Members Methods: Case Series Case 1: A 76 year old woman requiring a right total knee replacement in the presence of marked dystrophic calcification affecting the quadriceps tendon on a background of having sustained a post operative quadriceps tendon rupture post left TKR in 2013 Case 2: Management issues related to performing a TKR in a 80 year old woman with a possible past history of TB affecting the joint Conclusion: Both procedures went smoothly and particularly as advice was given by AKS members, these are presented largely for feedback.
Orphan devices: yesterday is history; tomorrow is mystery: towards a European orphan device directive?
Authors: Dooms Marc M 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background
Regulatory and economic frameworks stimulated the research and development of orphan drugs, but very little has been done for devices necessary for the in-vivo diagnosis, prevention and treatment of life-threatening conditions with a low prevalence/incidence.

Discussion
A general public consultation in Europe has shown a positive attitude towards an “orphan device” directive. The United States of America have a Humanitarian Use Device exemption, but Europe is still waiting for such a stimulating framework. Post-marketing surveillance (“materio-vigilance”) will be necessary for follow-up, patient-reported outcome measures (quality of life versus survival) needed and off-label use data available for patient-safety reasons.

Summary
The marketing period for devices is shorter than for medicinal products. Incentives are necessary to stimulate research and development of such “orphan devices” especially when surgical intervention is the only option.
Ablation of KNDy Neurons Results in Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism and Amplifies the Steroid-Induced LH Surge in Female Rats
Authors: Mittelman-Smith Melinda A. , Krajewski-Hall Sally J. , McMullen Nathaniel T. , Rance Naomi E. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In the human infundibular (arcuate) nucleus, a subpopulation of neurons coexpress kisspeptin and neurokinin B (NKB), 2 peptides required for normal reproductive function. A homologous group of neurons exists in the arcuate nucleus of rodents, termed KNDy neurons based on the coexpression of kisspeptin, NKB, and dynorphin. To study their function, we recently developed a method to selectively ablate KNDy neurons using NK3-SAP, a neurokinin 3 receptor agonist conjugated to saporin (SAP). Here, we ablated KNDy neurons in female rats to determine whether these neurons are required for estrous cyclicity and the steroid induced LH surge. NK3-SAP or Blank-SAP (control) was microinjected into the arcuate nucleus using stereotaxic surgery. After monitoring vaginal smears for 3–4 weeks, rats were ovariectomized and given 17β-estradiol and progesterone in a regimen that induced an afternoon LH surge. Rats were killed at the time of peak LH levels, and brains were harvested for NKB and dual labeled GnRH/Fos immunohistochemistry. In ovary-intact rats, ablation of KNDy neurons resulted in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, characterized by low levels of serum LH, constant diestrus, ovarian atrophy with increased follicular atresia, and uterine atrophy. Surprisingly, the 17β-estradiol and progesterone-induced LH surge was 3 times higher in KNDy-ablated rats. Despite the marked increase in the magnitude of the LH surge, the number of GnRH or anterior ventral periventricular nucleus neurons expressing Fos was not significantly different between groups. Our studies show that KNDy neurons are essential for tonic levels of serum LH and estrous cyclicity and may play a role in limiting the magnitude of the LH surge.
The Politics of theQabaday(Tough Man) and the Changing Father Figure in Syrian Television Drama
Authors: Joubin Rebecca 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSyrian miniseries engage in multifaceted discourses of fatherhood inherently linked with the rise and fall of the qabaday (tough man). Before the uprising, while the avowed focus was on gender constructions, in truth, politics lay at the heart of the messages. With the gradual construction of the new qabaday, screenwriters shifted to an anxious focus on absent father figures and a more emotionally connected fatherhood ideal that surpassed the father as protector and financial provider. The fall of the qabaday and the cessation of yearning for a protective masculinity in Syrian melodrama connoted the rise of more equal gender relations, which symbolized a pluralistic political order. Amid the uprising, those outwardly embracing the regime narrative insist that they are focusing on societal norms rather than politics. This study is based on analysis of miniseries from the 1960s to the present and interviews with screenwriters in Beirut, Damascus, and Paris.
Multiple Absolute Stereocontrol in Pd-Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloaddition of Oxazolidinones and Trisubstituted Alkenes Using Chiral Ammonium–Phosphine Hybrid Ligands
Authors: Imagawa Naomichi , Nagato Yuya , Ohmatsu Kohsuke , Ooi Takashi 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The development of a Pd-catalyzed highly enantio- and diastereoselective [3+2] cycloaddition of 5-vinyloxazolidinones and activated trisubstituted alkenes is described in detail. This protocol for the single-step construction of densely functionalized pyrrolidines with three contiguous stereocenters including vicinal quaternary stereocenters depends on the remarkable ability of phosphine ligands possessing a chiral ammonium ion to promote intermolecular cycloaddition reactions with a precise control of absolute stereochemistry. A series of control experiments show that a chiral ammonium–phosphine hybrid ligand enabled the individual, yet simultaneous stereocontrol of each chiral center in the annulation reaction. The reaction mechanism is also discussed with particular focus on the stereodetermining processes.
Essential Tools of Financial and Credit Management’s Economic Basis
Authors: Бурмистрова  , Burmistrova Larisa 
Published: March 2016

The proposed work includes issues related to the essence of such basic categories as finance, credit and
money. These categories can be considered separately, when their substance, originality, and functions are
identified, as well as together. The relationship and interpenetration of these categories into each other have
been demonstrated in this work. An attempt has been made to prove that in modern conditions of economy
and society development it is already impossible manage separately the finance, credit and money. The
management should be integrated.
The need for in-depth study of the issues related to finance, credit and money management are dictated
by the society’s development level. Under modern conditions not only professionals, but also people from
all walks of life in one way or another possess the above mentioned categories. In everyday life we are
permanently faced with problems of finance, credit and money. Thus, the modern specialist should be well
versed in entity, functions, practical features of these categories, and be able to assess and manage them.
Estado nutricional, idade e sexo influenciam os níveis de atividade física de escolares?
Authors: Souza Mariele , Spessato Barbara , Coutinho Mônia , Valentini Nadia 
Published: March 2016

A redução dos níveis de atividade física e o aumento da obesidade já na infância são preocupantes. Esses dois fatores estão associados a diversos problemas de saúde. A escola e as aulas de educação física são meios importantes de promover hábitos saudáveis de atividade física. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os níveis de atividade física (NAF) durante aulas de Educação Física em relação ao estado nutricional e verificar se existem diferenças em relação ao sexo e a idade (7 a 9 anos). Os NAF de 92 meninos e 95 meninas foram mensurados com pedômetros. O índice de massa corporal foi classificado conforme as curvas do Center of Disease Control. Os resultados evidenciam que 1) crianças obesas apresentaram menores NAF do que crianças saudáveis; 2) meninos apresentaram maiores NAF do que meninas; 3) crianças saudáveis de 8 anos foram mais ativas do que as obesas; aos 9 anos as crianças saudáveis e com excesso de peso apresentaram maiores NAF do que as obesas. A regressão linear mostrou que o sexo e o estado nutricional são preditores significativos dos NAF, explicando 47% e 22% a variância dos NAF, respectivamente. Os resultados encontraram ressaltam a necessidade de estratégias que incluam o aumento dos níveis de atividade física de todas as crianças nas aulas de educação física, principalmente meninas e crianças com excesso de peso.
Effects of vibratory training on plantar impression in patients affected by stroke
Authors: Silva Adriana Teresa , Carvalho Antônio José Bernandes , Andrades Marília Fernandes , Junior Ruanito Calixo , Dias Miqueline Pivoto Farias , Silva Andréia Maria , Martinez Beatriz Bertolaccini , Honorato Donizeti Cesar 
Published: March 2016

Aim:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vibration training on plantar impression and motor function in patients affected by stroke.Methods:The sample consisted of 28 individuals with hemiparesis after stroke who were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=18) and the control group (n=10). The instruments used for evaluation were the mini-mental state examination, photopodoscopy and the 6-minute walk test. For treatment, whole body vibration training was used three times a week for 8 weeks. The treatment was carried out in two phases. The first phase, which lasted for 4 weeks, consisted of four sets of exercises with 60 seconds of vibration. In the first exercise, the participants were in a static standing position, feet apart with knees flexed at 30°. In the second exercise, the same position was implemented, with knees flexed at 90°. In the third exercise, a standing position with one-leg support on the affected limb with flexed knee at 30°. The fourth exercise was a repetition of the first exercise. The second phase also lasted for 4 weeks. It consisted of the same exercises but the amount of sets of exercises was doubled.Results:Data were analysed by independent t-test and repeated measures ANOVA with two factors. There was no intergroup nor intragroup statistical difference (P=0.05) in the plantar impression area on the affected and unaffected side; there was only intragroup statistical differences in the 6-minute walk test (P=0.03).Conclusions:Whole-body vibration training did not influence the increase of the plantar impression area and motor function in stroke patients.
Short burst oxygen therapy in COPD: A practice nurse's guide
Authors: Scott Michael 
Published: March 2016

Short burst oxygen therapy (SBOT) is often incorrectly used as a treatment for breathlessness in COPD. Michael Scott provides the evidence around SBOT, so that practice nurses can advise their patients appropriately Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often makes up a large part of a practice nurse's duty. A main part of their responsibility for COPD includes completing annual reviews, which aim to review disease progression and symptom management. Breathlessness is the primary symptom for suffers of COPD, yet the hardest to manage. Short burst oxygen therapy (SBOT) is often incorrectly used as a treatment. Various studies have shown that SBOT does not offer any benefit in the management of breathlessness. Practice nurses should be aware of this evidence so that they can counsel patients effectively.
Public Health England malaria guidelines: What's new?
Authors: Gawthrop Mary 
Published: March 2016

Malaria remains a killer worldwide. Therefore, practice nurses must base their advice on the latest recommendations to ensure travellers can reduce their risk. Mary Gawthrop explains some of the key changes to the most recent malaria prevention guidelines Cases of malaria continue to be reported in the UK ( Public Health England (PHE), 2015a ). It remains essential for travellers visiting a malaria-endemic area to have a consultation with a travel nurse or a practice nurse trained in travel health. The UK malaria prevention guidelines were updated in September 2015 ( PHE, 2015b ). It is important for practice nurses to keep up to date with changes to malaria prevention advice so that travellers can reduce their risk. This article provides an overview of the key changes including guidance on the use of insect repellent and sun protection, updates for patients with epilepsy and those on anticoagulants, changes to country recommendations and new maps.
Acute ankle sprain: conservative or surgical approach?
Authors: Al-Mohrej Omar A. , Al-Kenani Nader S. 
Published: March 2016

Ankle sprains fall into two main categories: acute ankle sprains and chronic ankle instability, which are among the most common recurrent injuries during occupational activities, athletic events, training and army service. Acute ankle sprain is usually managed conservatively and functional rehabilitation failure by conservative treatment leads to development of chronic ankle instability, which most often requires surgical intervention. Enhancing the in-depth knowledge of the ankle anatomy, biomechanics and pathology helps greatly in deciding the management options.Cite this article: Al-Mohrej OA, Al-Kenani NS. Acute ankle sprain: conservative or surgical approach? EFORT Open Rev 2016;1:34-44. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.1.000010.
Gary Victor and the politics of translation
Authors: Leak Andy 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The work of André Lefevere, amongst others, has sensitized us to the politics of colonial translation/rewriting, but what of authors from the ‘cultural periphery’ who rewrite their own works for reception in the metropolis? This article examines the case of Gary Victor’s A l’angle des rues parallèles – a novel first published in Haiti in 2000 and republished in France in 2003. An analysis of the numerous, and largely unacknowledged alterations (corrections, omissions and additions) made by Victor and his publisher for the French edition leads to the conclusion that Victor’s very deliberate rewriting of his novel can only fully be understood in the context of the political struggles in Haiti 2000–2003, Victor’s own investment in those struggles, and the former colonial power’s role in Haiti at that moment.
Language policy in the Francophone world and the Forum mondial de la langue française
Authors: Brown Peter 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The situation of the French language has been a matter of discussion and concern for some time across the Francophone world. Signs of this can be seen in France with the loi Toubon and the loi Fioraso, and in Quebec where the Marois government proposed modifications to the Charte de la langue française. The Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie, for its part, has moved in recent years towards formulating a new language policy. This led to the Premier Forum mondial de la langue française, held in Quebec City in 2012. Despite the success of this event, problems and paradoxes persist regarding the future place of French.
Perception of gender equality in new media
Authors: Küçükşen Kübra 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIntroduction : Social gender is a concept that is used to describe the roles to be fulfilled, behavioral patterns and duties and responsibilities expected from males and females in socialization process according to the culture of the society where they live in different from biological gender. Media is a significant tool for determination and internalization of social gender roles. In parallel with social change and transformation, the change had in mass communication tools become effective in every field. New communication aspect called as new media provide opportunity for individuals to express themselves and present their opinions on every issue freely different from other mass communication tools.Methods : In this study, it was aimed to investigate the comments made on the concepts of "gender equality" and "gender inequality" on the social sharing sites named Ekşi Sözlük and Uludağ Sözlük. The comments made over the concepts of “social gender equality” and “social gender inequality” in web site called “Ekşi Sözlük” and “Uludağ Sözlük” were reviewed during to 1 June- 15 September 2015 in this study and it was targeted to research the perception of social gender. For analyzing data, content analyzis was applied to comments. Results :In the study, 105 comments made on Ekşi Sözlük and 39 comments made on Uludağ Sözlük in regard to the subject matter were categorized and analyzed as "gender equality/inequality" and "gender roles". According to the data attained from analysis of the study, as opposed to conventional media, it is seen that the comments made on gender are quite varied. Besides such comments which reduce women merely to a body, insult them, assert that they lack the knowledge, skills and competence for existing in the public sphere, comments exceeding the equalitarian viewpoint on the subject, grounding on justice and equity have been identified.Discussion : Reflections of the conventional patriarchal mentality are evidently seen in the comments on Ekşi Sözlük and Uludağ Sözlük. Being an environment where an issue is discussed by people in several numbers and having quite different opinions in different perspectives, social networking sites provide an important source of knowledge to the forms of peoples’ understanding and interpretation of social life. According to the data obtained in the research, the perception of social gender has still been produced in new media. However, it can be said that social gender perception is directed through the course where the understanding of “difference is not inequality” with an upper point of view exceeding the concepts of equality and inequality is grounded on in new media despite adopting an opponent discourse on the contrary to mainstream media.
Justification of the Concept of Mobile Educational Spaces: a Study on Typology and Sustainability
Authors: Aleksić Julija , Kosanović Saja , Komatina Dragan , Lazarević Eva Vaništa 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The overall human progress continuously stimulates the transformation of the notion of architecture and enhances the development of new architectural forms. In line with the thesis that only sustainable architecture allows the fulfilment of contemporary requirements to full extent, this paper explores the variety of developed mobile educational spaces, classifies them into types and analyses their sustainability aspects. The analysis aims to define the cases and needs to which mobile educational spaces respond best, i.e. according to which their utilization is justifiable. The results open a new research debate on the relationship between sustainability and the duration of utilization.
The Analysis of Investment Environment and Foreign Direct Investment Prognostication: Lithuanian Case
Authors: Gaspareniene Ligita 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The aim of this article is to research the investment environment and to prognosticate the trends of FDI in Lithuania. The methods of the research include systematic and comparative analysis of the scientific literature and linear regression and trend analysis. The results of the research have revealed that the trend and amount of FDI in Lithuania strongly correlate. The linear regression equation is also growing, which proposes that over the next two years FDI in Lithuania should increase.