bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharyngeal collapsibility during sleep is elevated in insulin-resistant females with morbid obesity
Authors: Llanos Oscar L. , Galiatsatos Panagis , Guzmán-Vélez Edmarie , Patil Susheel P. , Smith Philip L. , Magnuson Thomas , Schweitzer Michael , Steele Kimberley , Polotsky Vsevolod Y. , Schwartz Alan R. 
Published: April 2016

Insulin resistance is associated with sleep apnoea, leading us to hypothesise that it is also associated with elevations in pharyngeal collapsibility, even in the absence of sleep apnoea.90 bariatric patients were characterised for sleep apnoea, pharyngeal collapsibility and insulin resistance. Patients with a respiratory disturbance index (RDI) >10 events·h−1, diabetes mellitus, tonsillar hypertrophy and pulmonary disease were excluded. The remaining 14 females underwent collapsibility measurements (passive critical pressure,Pcritp) during non-rapid eye movement sleep. The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index, a measure of insulin resistance, was derived from measurements of fasting glucose and insulin levels, and compared toPcritp.Groups with highPcritpcompared to lowPcritpdid not differ in age, body mass index or RDI. HOMA and insulin were elevated in the highPcritpgroup compared to the lowPcritpgroup (p<0.02).Pcritpcorrelated with HOMA (Spearman's ρ=0.565, 95% CI 0.104–0.862; p=0.035) and insulin (Spearman's ρ=0.609 95% CI 0.196–0.835; p=0.021).Obese insulin-resistant subjects without frank diabetes or sleep apnoea demonstrate preclinical elevations in pharyngeal collapsibility, which may increase their susceptibility to sleep apnoea. Our findings suggest that insulin resistance could play a significant role in sleep apnoea pathogenesis by generating requisite elevations in pharyngeal collapsibility.
Optimal correction of distinct CFTR folding mutants in rectal cystic fibrosis organoids
Authors: Dekkers Johanna F. , Gogorza Gondra Ricardo A. , Kruisselbrink Evelien , Vonk Annelotte M. , Janssens Hettie M. , de Winter-de Groot Karin M. , van der Ent Cornelis K. , Beekman Jeffrey M. 
Published: April 2016

Small-molecule therapies that restore defects in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gating (potentiators) or trafficking (correctors) are being developed for cystic fibrosis (CF) in a mutation-specific fashion. Options for pharmacological correction of CFTR-p.Phe508del (F508del) are being extensively studied but correction of other trafficking mutants that may also benefit from corrector treatment remains largely unknown.We studied correction of the folding mutants CFTR-p.Phe508del, -p.Ala455Glu (A455E) and -p.Asn1303Lys (N1303K) by VX-809 and 18 other correctors (C1–C18) using a functional CFTR assay in human intestinal CF organoids.Function of both CFTR-p.Phe508del and -p.Ala455Glu was enhanced by a variety of correctors but no residual or corrector-induced activity was associated with CFTR-p.Asn1303Lys. Importantly, VX-809-induced correction was most dominant for CFTR-p.Phe508del, while correction of CFTR-p.Ala455Glu was highest by a subgroup of compounds called bithiazoles (C4, C13, C14 and C17) and C5.These data support the development of mutation-specific correctors for optimal treatment of different CFTR trafficking mutants, and identify C5 and bithiazoles as the most promising compounds for correction of CFTR-p.Ala455Glu.
Beryllium-induced lung disease exhibits expression profiles similar to sarcoidosis
Authors: Li Li , Silveira Lori J. , Hamzeh Nabeel , Gillespie May , Mroz Peggy M. , Mayer Annyce S. , Fingerlin Tasha E. , Maier Lisa A. 
Published: April 2016

A subset of beryllium-exposed workers develop beryllium sensitisation (BeS) which precedes chronic beryllium disease (CBD). We conducted an in-depth analysis of differentially expressed candidate genes in CBD.We performed Affymetrix GeneChip 1.0 ST array analysis on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 10 CBD, 10 BeS and 10 beryllium-exposed, nondiseased controls stimulated with BeSO4or medium. The differentially expressed genes were validated by high-throughput real-time PCR in this group and in an additional group of cases and nonexposed controls. The functional roles of the top candidate genes in CBD were assessed using a pharmacological inhibitor. CBD gene expression data were compared with whole blood and lung tissue in sarcoidosis from the Gene Expression Omnibus.We confirmed almost 450 genes that were significantly differentially expressed between CBD and controls. The top enrichment of genes was for JAK (Janus kinase)–STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signalling. A JAK2 inhibitor significantly decreased tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ production. Furthermore, we found 287 differentially expressed genes overlapped in CBD/sarcoidosis. The top shared pathways included cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions, and Toll-like receptor, chemokine and JAK–STAT signalling pathways.We show that PBMCs demonstrate differentially expressed gene profiles relevant to the immunnopathogenesis of CBD. CBD and sarcoidosis share similar differential expression of pathogenic genes and pathways.
Prognostic assessment in COPD without lung function: the B-AE-D indices
Authors: Boeck Lucas , Soriano Joan B. , Brusse-Keizer Marjolein , Blasi Francesco , Kostikas Konstantinos , Boersma Wim , Milenkovic Branislava , Louis Renaud , Lacoma Alicia , Djamin Remco , Aerts Joachim , Torres Antoni , Rohde Gernot , Welte Tobias , Martinez-Camblor Pablo , Rakic Janko , Scherr Andreas , Koller Michael , van der Palen Job , Marin Jose M. , Alfageme Inmaculada , Almagro Pere , Casanova Ciro , Esteban Cristobal , Soler-Cataluña Juan J. , de-Torres Juan P. , Miravitlles Marc , Celli Bartolome R. , Tamm Michael , Stolz Daiana 
Published: April 2016

Several composite markers have been proposed for risk assessment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, choice of parameters and score complexity restrict clinical applicability. Our aim was to provide and validate a simplified COPD risk index independent of lung function.The PROMISE study (n=530) was used to develop a novel prognostic index. Index performance was assessed regarding 2-year COPD-related mortality and all-cause mortality. External validity was tested in stable and exacerbated COPD patients in the ProCOLD, COCOMICS and COMIC cohorts (total n=2988).Using a mixed clinical and statistical approach, body mass index (B), severe acute exacerbations of COPD frequency (AE), modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea severity (D) and copeptin (C) were identified as the most suitable simplified marker combination. 0, 1 or 2 points were assigned to each parameter and totalled to B-AE-D or B-AE-D-C. It was observed that B-AE-D and B-AE-D-C were at least as good as BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea, exercise capacity), ADO (age, dyspnoea, airflow obstruction) and DOSE (dyspnoea, obstruction, smoking, exacerbation) indices for predicting 2-year all-cause mortality (c-statistic: 0.74, 0.77, 0.69, 0.72 and 0.63, respectively; Hosmer–Lemeshow test all p>0.05). Both indices were COPD specific (c-statistic for predicting COPD-related 2-year mortality: 0.87 and 0.89, respectively). External validation of B-AE-D was performed in COCOMICS and COMIC (c-statistic for 1-year all-cause mortality: 0.68 and 0.74; c-statistic for 2-year all-cause mortality: 0.65 and 0.67; Hosmer–Lemeshow test all p>0.05).The B-AE-D index, plus copeptin if available, allows a simple and accurate assessment of COPD-related risk.
CD133+cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Foris Vasile , Kovacs Gabor , Marsh Leigh M. , Bálint Zoltán , Tötsch Martin , Avian Alexander , Douschan Philipp , Ghanim Bahil , Klepetko Walter , Olschewski Andrea , Olschewski Horst 
Published: April 2016

Circulating mononuclear cells may play an important role for the vascular remodelling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but studies addressing multiple progenitor populations are rare and inconsistent.We used a comprehensive fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis of circulating mononuclear cells in 20 PAH patients and 20 age- and sex-matched controls, and additionally analysed CD133+cells in the lung tissue of five PAH transplant recipients and five healthy controls (donor lungs).PAH patients were characterised by increased numbers of circulating CD133+cells and lymphopenia as compared with control. In PAH, CD133+subpopulations positive for CD117 or CD45 were significantly increased, whereas CD133+CD309+, CD133+CXCR2+and CD133+CD31+cells were decreased. In CD133+cells, SOX2, Nanog, Ki67 and CXCR4 were not detected, but Oct3/4 mRNA was present in both PAH and controls. In the lung tissue, CD133+cells included three main populations: type 2 pneumocytes, monocytes and undifferentiated cells without significant differences between PAH and controls.In conclusion, circulating CD133+progenitor cells are elevated in PAH and consist of phenotypically different subpopulations that may be up- or downregulated. This may explain the inconsistent results in the literature. CD133+type 2 pneumocytes in the lung tissue are not associated with circulating CD133+mononuclear cells.
Interventions to modify physical activity in patients with COPD: a systematic review
Authors: Mantoani Leandro Cruz , Rubio Noah , McKinstry Brian , MacNee William , Rabinovich Roberto A. 
Published: April 2016

The broad range of interventions to increase physical activity (PA) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been systematically assessed. We aimed to perform a systematic review of the interventional studies that have assessed PA as an outcome in patients with COPD.A systematic search in five different databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science) was performed in March 2015. Two independent reviewers analysed the studies against the inclusion criteria (COPD defined by spirometry; prospective, randomised/nonrandomised studies, cohort and experimental studies with interventions using PA as an outcome), extracted the data and assessed the quality of evidence.60 studies were included. Seven intervention groups were identified. PA counselling increased PA levels in COPD, especially when combined with coaching. 13 studies showed positive effects of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on PA, while seven studies showed no changes. All three PR programmes >12 weeks in duration increased PA. Overall, the quality of evidence was graded as very low.Interventions focusing specifically on increasing PA, and longer PR programmes, may have greater impacts on PA in COPD. Well-designed clinical trials with objective assessment of PA in COPD patients are needed.
3-dimensional bioprinting for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Gu Bon Kang , Choi Dong Jin , Park Sang Jun , Kim Min Sup , Kang Chang Mo , Kim Chun-Ho 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The 3-dimensional (3D) printing technologies, referred to as additive manufacturing (AM) or rapid prototyping (RP), have acquired reputation over the past few years for art, architectural modeling, lightweight machines, and tissue engineering applications. Among these applications, tissue engineering field using 3D printing has attracted the attention from many researchers. 3D bioprinting has an advantage in the manufacture of a scaffold for tissue engineering applications, because of rapid-fabrication, high-precision, and customized-production, etc. In this review, we will introduce the principles and the current state of the 3D bioprinting methods. Focusing on some of studies that are being current application for biomedical and tissue engineering fields using printed 3D scaffolds.
Supported employment for people with severe mental illness:
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the international
evidence
Authors: Modini Matthew , Tan Leona , Brinchmann Beate , Wang Min-Jung , Killackey Eoin , Glozier Nicholas , Mykletun Arnstein , Harvey Samuel B. 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundIndividual placement and support (IPS) is a vocational rehabilitation
programme that was developed in the USA to improve employment outcomes
for people with severe mental illness. Its ability to be generalised to
other countries and its effectiveness in varying economic conditions
remains to be ascertained.AimsTo investigate whether IPS is effective across international settings and
in different economic conditions.MethodA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
comparing IPS with traditional vocational services was undertaken; 17
studies, as well as 2 follow-up studies, were included. Meta-regressions
were carried out to examine whether IPS effectiveness varied according to
geographic location, unemployment rates or gross domestic product (GDP)
growth.ResultsThe overall pooled risk ratio for competitive employment using IPS
compared with traditional vocational rehabilitation was 2.40 (95% CI
1.99–2.90). Meta-regressions indicated that neither geographic area nor
unemployment rates affected the overall effectiveness of IPS. Even when a
country's GDP growth was less than 2% IPS was significantly more
effective than traditional vocational training, and its benefits remained
evident over 2 years.ConclusionsIndividual placement and support is an effective intervention across a
variety of settings and economic conditions and is more than twice as
likely to lead to competitive employment when compared with traditional
vocational rehabilitation.
Morbidity and mortality of women and men with intellectual and developmental disabilities newly initiating antipsychotic drugs
Authors: Vigod Simone N. , Lunsky Yona , Cobigo Virginie , Wilton Andrew S. , Somerton Sarah , Seitz Dallas P. 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundWhile up to 45% of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have a comorbid psychiatric disorder, and antipsychotics are commonly prescribed, gender differences in the safety of antipsychotics have rarely been studied in this population.AimsTo compare men and women with IDD on medical outcomes after antipsychotic initiation.MethodOur population-based study in Ontario, Canada, compared 1457 women and 1951 men with IDD newly initiating antipsychotic medication on risk for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, stroke and death, with up to 4 years of follow-up.ResultsWomen were older and more medically complex at baseline. Women had higher risks for venous thromboembolism (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.15–2.59) and death (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.02–2.10) in crude analyses; but only thromboembolism risk was greater for women after covariate adjustment (aHR 1.58, 95% CI 1.05–2.38).ConclusionsGender should be considered in decision-making around antipsychotic medications for individuals with IDD.
Innervation regulates synaptic ribbons in lateral line mechanosensory hair cells
Authors: Suli Arminda , Pujol Remy , Cunningham Dale E. , Hailey Dale W. , Prendergast Andrew , Rubel Edwin W. , Raible David W. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Failure to form proper synapses in mechanosensory hair cells, the sensory cells responsible for hearing and balance, leads to deafness and balance disorders. Ribbons are electron-dense structures that tether synaptic vesicles to the presynaptic zone of mechanosensory hair cells where they are juxtaposed with the post-synaptic endings of afferent fibers. They are initially formed throughout the cytoplasm, and, as cells mature, ribbons translocate to the basolateral membrane of hair cells to form functional synapses. We have examined the effect of post-synaptic elements on ribbon formation and maintenance in the zebrafish lateral line system by observing mutants that lack hair cell innervation, wild-type larvae whose nerves have been transected and ribbons in regenerating hair cells. Our results demonstrate that innervation is not required for initial ribbon formation but suggest that it is crucial for regulating the number, size and localization of ribbons in maturing hair cells, and for ribbon maintenance at the mature synapse.
Review of Nikos Daskalothanassis' Ιστορία της τέχνης: H γέννηση μιας νέας επιστήμης από τον 19ο στον 20ό αιώνα
Authors: Yoka Lia 
Published: April 2016

<p>Review of Nikos Daskalothanassis, <em>Ιστορία της τέχνης: Η γέννηση μιας νέας επιστήμης από τον 19ο στον 20ό αιώνα</em> [Art history: the birth of a new discipline from the 19th to 20th centuries], Athens: Agra, 2013. 497 pp.</p>
Review of Manuel Loff, Pilipe Piedade and Luciana Castro Soutelo (eds.), Ditaduras e Revolução: Democracia e Políticas da Memória
Authors: Cardina Miguel 
Published: April 2016

Review of Manuel Loff, Filipe Piedade and Luciana Castro Soutelo (eds), <em>Ditaduras e Revolução: Democracia e Políticas da Memória</em> [Dictatorships and revolution: Democracy and politics of memory], Coimbra: Almedina, 2015. 492 pp.
International Commission for the History and Theory of Historiography Book Prize 2016
Authors: Lorenz Chris FG 
Published: April 2016

Applications are now open for the International Commission for the History and Theory of Historiography (ICHTH) International Book Prize and the ICHTH Doctoral Dissertation Prize for the History and Theory of Historiography. Worth $500 each, the prizes are offered alternately for the best doctoral dissertation and book on any aspect of the history and the theory of historiography.
Η αναστοχαστική πράξη των υποψηφίων εκπαιδευτικών κατά την εφαρμογή μιας προσαρμοσμένης εκδοχής του μοντέλου Lesson Study.
Authors: Γιαννακίδου Ελένη , Γιόφτσαλη Κατερίνα , Τζιώρα Ελένη 
Published: April 2016

<p>Η εργασία αυτή αποτελεί τον αναστοχασμό μας πάνω στην αναστοχαστική πράξη που ανέπτυξαν οι φοιτητές του Τμήματος Επιστημών της Εκπαίδευσης στην Προσχολική Ηλικία του Δημοκρίτειου Πανεπιστήμιου Θράκης στο πλαίσιο της πρακτικής τους άσκησης. Η πρακτική άσκηση των φοιτητών υλοποιήθηκε υπό τη μορφή μιας προσαρμοσμένης εκδοχής του μοντέλου επαγγελματικής ανάπτυξης των εκπαιδευτικών Lesson Study. Κατά την εφαρμογή του Lesson Study, συμμετείχαμε ενεργά ως επόπτριες - νηπιαγωγοί. Στοχαζόμενες πάνω στην εμπειρία μας μέσα από τη μελέτη μιας ομάδας φοιτητών, επιδιώκουμε να διερευνήσουμε και να ερμηνεύσουμε την αναστοχαστική πράξη που ανέπτυξαν οι φοιτητές, καθώς ένας κύριος λόγος υιοθέτησης του συγκεκριμένου μοντέλου ήταν η επιθυμία διαμόρφωσης στοχαστικο-κριτικών εκπαιδευτικών. Με τα αποτελέσματα αυτής της αρχικής αναστοχαστικής διερεύνησης, καταλήγουμε στην υπόθεση ότι με την εφαρμογή της προσαρμοσμένης εκδοχής του Lesson Study σε συνδυασμό με την εφαρμογή μιας ανοιχτής μαθητοκεντρικής παιδαγωγικής προσέγγισης στο πλαίσιο της σχολικής τάξης, φαίνεται να δημιουργούνται συνθήκες που ενθαρρύνουν την αναστοχαστική πράξη των φοιτητών. Η υπόθεση αυτή, όπως προκύπτει μέσω του αναστοχασμού της εμπειρίας μας, οφείλει να αποτελέσει στη συνέχεια αντικείμενο συστηματικής διερεύνησης, ώστε να καταλήξουμε σε έγκυρα και αξιόπιστα αποτελέσματα.</p>
Εκπαιδεύοντας του μελλοντικούς εκπαιδευτικούς: παράγοντες που διαφοροποιούν την μαθησιακή εμπειρία των υποψηφίων εκπαιδευτικών κατά την πρακτική άσκηση.
Authors: Αυγητίδου Σοφία 
Published: April 2016

<p>Στην παρούσα έρευνα μελετώνται οι πιθανές διαφοροποιήσεις της μαθησιακής εμπειρίας των μελλοντικών εκπαιδευτικών στο πλαίσιο της πρακτικής τους άσκησης και αναζητούνται οι παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν τη διαφοροποίηση αυτής της εμπειρίας. 4 μελέτες περίπτωσης υποψηφίων εκπαιδευτικών εξετάζονται σε διάρκεια ενός χρόνου ως προς τις πεποιθήσεις και τις πρακτικές τους πριν, κατά και μετά την υλοποίηση της εκπαιδευτικής πράξης. Για τη συσχέτιση των πεποιθήσεων και των πρακτικών των υποψηφίων εκπαιδευτικών επιλέχτηκαν ημι-δομημένες συνεντεύξεις πριν και μετά την ανάληψη εκπαιδευτικού έργου καθώς και παρατηρήσεις και βιντεοσκοπήσεις της εκπαιδευτικής τους πράξης. Τα αποτελέσματα ανέδειξαν διαφοροποιημένες πεποιθήσεις και πρακτικές των υποψηφίων εκπαιδευτικών κατά την πρακτική τους άσκηση λόγω προσωπικών παραγόντων, διαφορών στις προσωπικές τους θεωρίες, στην επάρκεια απαραίτητων γνώσεων και δεξιοτήτων καθώς και στην ικανότητα στοχασμού τους πάνω στην πράξη.</p>
Προσδοκίες μαθητών της ΣΤ΄ Τάξης Δημοτικού Σχολείου αναφορικά με τη φοίτηση και μετάβασή τους στο Γυμνάσιο
Authors: Σιδηρόπουλος Δημήτριος Αλέξανδρος 
Published: April 2016

<p class="Heading11">Ο σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας πεδίου ήταν η διερεύνηση των προσδοκιών των μαθητών της ΣΤ΄ Τάξης του Δημοτικού Σχολείου αναφορικά με έξι (6) εκπαιδευτικές και ψυχοκοινωνικές παραμέτρους της λειτουργίας του Γυμνασίου. Η συλλογή των δεδομένων έγινε μέσω ενός αυτοσχέδιου γραπτού ερωτηματολογίου στάσεων με επτά (7) ερωτήσεις ανοιχτού τύπου. Το ερωτηματολόγιο συμπλήρωσαν 286 μαθητές δεκατριών (13) δημόσιων Δημοτικών Σχολείων του Κέντρου της Θεσσαλονίκης, το Μάιο του 2015. Η επεξεργασία του πραγματολογικού υλικού των γραπτών απαντήσεων των μαθητών έγινε με τη μέθοδο της Θεμελιωμένης Θεωρίας. Σύμφωνα με τα ευρήματα της έρευνας, τα περισσότερα αγόρια και τα περισσότερα κορίτσια του δείγματος: α) είχαν θετικές προσδοκίες ως προς τη σύναψη σχέσεων με συνομηλίκους και τη μη εμπλοκή τους σε περιστατικά σχολικού εκφοβισμού στο Γυμνάσιο, β) είχαν αρνητικές προσδοκίες ως προς τη μάθηση νέων γνωστικών αντικειμένων, την επίτευξη υψηλών επιδόσεων στα γραπτά διαγωνίσματα και στις προαγωγικές εξετάσεις και την ύπαρξη θεσμικών κυρώσεων στο Γυμνάσιο και γ) δεν είχαν ούτε θετικές ούτε αρνητικές προσδοκίες ως προς τη σύναψη σχέσεων με τους εκπαιδευτικούς του Γυμνασίου. Με βάση τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας χρειάζεται να σχεδιαστούν στοχευμένες εκπαιδευτικές δράσεις διετούς διάρκειας, υπό την καθοδήγηση των σχολικών συμβούλων δημοτικής και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης και την εποπτεία του Υπουργείου Παιδείας, στις οποίες περιλαμβάνονται: α) η εκπόνηση εξειδικευμένων εκπαιδευτικών προγραμμάτων μετάβασης από τους αρμόδιους φορείς (Κέντρα Συμβουλευτικής και Προσανατολισμού, Πανεπιστήμια), β) η αρχική και ενδο-υπηρεσιακή εκπαίδευση των εκπαιδευτικών της δημοτικής και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης στην εφαρμογή των παραπάνω προγραμμάτων και γ) η διεπιστημονική υποστήριξη εκπαιδευτικών και γονέων από ειδικούς της ψυχο-κοινωνικής υγείας στα θέματα της μετάβασης. Το πιο σημαντικό όμως είναι να θεσπιστεί μία νέα κοινωνικο-εκπαιδευτική πολιτική από το Ινστιτούτο Εκπαιδευτικής Πολιτικής, που να προάγει τη συνοχή και συνέχεια της αγωγής και μάθησης από το Δημοτικό Σχολείο στο Γυμνάσιο. Ως προς αυτό το σκοπό χρειάζεται να συγκροτηθεί ένα ενιαίο και κοινό πλαίσιο λειτουργίας των δύο εκπαιδευτικών ιδρυμάτων σε επίπεδο σκοπών, περιεχομένου και μεθοδολογίας. Ως αποτέλεσμα, οι απόφοιτοι μαθητές του Δημοτικού Σχολείου θα έχουν αποκτήσει βασικές ψυχοκοινωνικές δεξιότητες και θετικές προσδοκίες για να προσαρμοστούν στο νέο σχολικό περιβάλλον του Γυμνασίου υπό τις πιο ήπιες και ομαλές ψυχοκοινωνικές συνθήκες.</p><p class="Heading11"> </p>