bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrin β‐3 is required for the attachment, retention and therapeutic benefits of human cardiospheres in myocardial infarction
Authors: Liu Suyun , Jiang Zhian , Qiao Li , Guo Bingyan , Xiao Wenliang , Zhang Xiaoguang , Chang Liang , Li Yongjun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCardiovascular diseases remain the leading causes of death worldwide. Stem cell therapy offers a promising option to regenerate injured myocardium. Among the various types of stem cells, cardiosphere cells represent a mixture of intrinsic heart stem cells and supporting cells. The safety and efficacy of cardiosphere cells have been demonstrated in recent clinical trials. Cell–matrix interaction plays an important role in mediating the engraftment of injected stem cells. Here, we studied the role of integrin β‐3 in cardiosphere‐mediated cell therapy in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Our results indicated that inhibiting integrin β‐3 reduced attachment, retention and therapeutic benefits of human cardiospheres in mice with acute myocardial infarction. This suggests integrin β‐3 plays an important role in cardiosphere‐mediated heart regeneration.
Readily Identifiable Risk Factors of Nursing Home Residents’ Oral Hygiene: Dementia, Hospice, and Length of Stay
Authors: Zimmerman Sheryl , Austin Sophie , Cohen Lauren , Reed David , Poole Patricia , Ward Kimberly , Sloane Philip D. 
Published: October 2017

Background/ObjectivesThe poor oral hygiene of nursing home (NH) residents is a matter of increasing concern, especially because of its relationship with pneumonia and other health events. Because details and related risk factors in this area are scant and providers need to be able to easily identify those residents at most risk, this study comprehensively examined the plaque, gingival, and denture status of NH residents, as well as readily available correlates of those indicators of oral hygiene, including items from the Minimum Data Set (MDS).DesignOral hygiene assessment and chart abstract conducted on a cross‐section of NH residents.SettingNHs in North Carolina (N = 14).ParticipantsNH residents (N = 506).MeasurementsDescriptive data from the MDS and assessments using three standardized measures: the Plaque Index for Long‐Term Care (PI‐LTC), the Gingival Index for Long‐Term Care (GI‐LTC), and the Denture Plaque Index (DPI).ResultsOral hygiene scores averaged 1.7 (of 3) for the PI‐LTC, 1.5 (of 4) for the GI‐LTC, and 2.2 (of 4) for the DPI. Factors most strongly associated with poor oral hygiene scores included having dementia, being on hospice care, and longer stay. MDS ratings of gingivitis differed significantly from oral hygiene assessments.ConclusionsThe findings identify resident subgroups at especially high risk of poor oral health who can be targeted in quality improvement efforts related to oral hygiene; they also indicate need to improve the accuracy of how MDS items are completed.
Apnea induction for invasive lung function testing in infant olive baboons: Comparison of intravenous propofol versus hyperventilation
Authors: Ivanov Vadim A. , Wolf Roman F. , Papin James F. , Anderson Michael P. , Hill Claude L. , Welliver Robert C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn various types of pulmonary research, pulmonary function testing (PFT) is performed to quantify the severity of lung disease. Induction of apnea and positive pressure ventilation are required for accuratePFTmeasurements in non‐cooperative subjects. We compared two methods of apnea induction in infant olive baboons (Papio anubis).MethodsPulmonary function testing results were compared during apnea induced by hyperventilation (CO2washout) vs. intravenous propofol (1 dose 10 mg/kg).PFTwas evaluated using a hot‐wire pneumotachometer incorporated within an Avea ventilator in nine 1‐month‐old baboons.ResultsPropofol induced apnea faster and more reliably. In both groups,PFTvalues passed the statistical equivalence test and were not significantly different (Student'st‐test). There was a trend toward less data variability after propofol administration.ConclusionsIntravenous propofol was non‐inferior toCO2washout for apnea induction in infant olive baboons. Propofol induced apnea faster and more reliably and yielded less variablePFTresults.
Randomized comparison of balloon aortic valvuloplasty performed with or without rapid cardiac pacing: The pacing versus no pacing (PNP) study
Authors: Dall'Ara Gianni , Marzocchi Antonio , Taglieri Nevio , Moretti Carolina , Rodinò Giulio , Chiarabelli Matteo , Bottoni Paolo , Marrozzini Cinzia , Sabattini Maria Rita , Bacchi‐Reggiani Maria‐Letizia , Rapezzi Claudio , Saia Francesco 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesTo compare the effectiveness and safety of balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) performed with or without rapid ventricular pacing (RP).BackgroundBAV technique is poorly standardized.MethodsOne hundred consecutive patients were randomly assigned 1:1 between BAV performed with or without RP. Exclusion criteria were an immediate indication for surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement, presentation in cardiogenic shock or pulmonary edema refractory to medical stabilization.ResultsThere were 51 patients in the BAV group performed with RP, 49 in the BAV group without RP (noRP). Procedural success (50% hemodynamic gradient reduction) was achieved in 37.3% and 55.1%, respectively (P = 0.16). Fewer people in the noRP group complained of poor tolerance to the procedure (16% vs 41%). The primary efficacy endpoint, a 50% reduction in the mean echocardiographic trans‐aortic gradient, was met in 21/49 patients in the noRP group compared to 20/51 in the RP (42.9% vs 39.2%; P = 0.84). No significant difference between the groups was observed in the primary safety endpoint, a 30‐day composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, acute aortic regurgitation, and BARC bleeding ≥3 (8.2% noRP vs 13.7%; P = 0.53). The noRP group required fewer bailout temporary pacemakers (P = 0.048) and had a lower incidence of moderate/severe renal function worsening (4.1% vs 17.6%; P = 0.052).ConclusionsRapid ventricular pacing did not influence BAV efficacy or safety and tolerance was slightly worse.
Evaluation of multiplex real‐time PCR for identifying dermatophytes in clinical samples—A multicentre study
Authors: Sherman Shany , Goshen Maya , Treigerman Orit , Ben‐Zion Keren , Carp Marie‐Jeanne , Maisler Noam , Ehrenreich Inbal Binsky , Kimchi Aviva , Lifshitz Sara , Smollan Gill , Davidovici Batya , David Michael , Hodak Emmilia , Segal Rina 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe gold‐standard method for dermatophyte identification involves direct microscopy and culture, which have inherent shortcomings. Only few molecular methods have been standardised for routine clinical work. This study aimed to develop and test a platform for identifying the most common dermatophytes in Israel using multiplex real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Specific primers were designed for the multiplex system (LightCycler 480) according to known cultures and validated by reference isolates. The dermatophyte detection rate was compared to smear and culture in 223 clinical samples obtained from a tertiary medical centre. Inconsistencies between methods were evaluated by sequencing. The RT‐PCR was further evaluated in 200 community‐based samples obtained from a health maintenance organisation and 103 military‐personnel‐based samples analysed at a central laboratory. In hospital‐based clinical samples, complete concordance between methods was observed in 190 samples (85%; Kappa = 0.69). In most cases of non‐concordance, sequencing was consistent with RT‐PCR results. RT‐PCR correctly identified all smear‐ and culture‐positive cases in community and military‐personnel samples. The results were available within 4 hours. The multiplex RT‐PCR platform is a rapid and efficient method for identifying dermatophyte species in clinical samples and may serve as a first step in the diagnostic algorithm of superficial fungal infections.
Increasing candidaemia incidence from 2004 to 2015 with a shift in epidemiology in patients preexposed to antifungals
Authors: Goemaere Berdieke , Becker Pierre , Van Wijngaerden Eric , Maertens Johan , Spriet Isabel , Hendrickx Marijke , Lagrou Katrien 
Published: October 2017

SummaryCandidaemia is an important health problem in immunocompromised patients with an epidemiology varying with region, period and patient population involved. The occurrence of candidaemia and the associated species distribution over a 12‐year period at a large tertiary care centre in Belgium were analysed. The trend in incidence in the intensive care units (ICUs) and non‐ICUs was investigated as well as the influence of antifungal exposure on the species distribution. From 2004 until 2015, 865 candidaemia episodes occurred in 826 patients at the University Hospitals Leuven. Candida albicans (59%) remained the most important cause of candidaemia, followed by C. glabrata (22.4%) and C. parapsilosis (8%). The mean incidence in the whole hospital was 1.48 per 10 000 patient days (PD). The incidence in ICUs increased reaching up to 10.7 per 10 000 PD whereas in the non‐ICUs, the incidence decreased. Prior exposure to fluconazole and echinocandins was associated with candidaemia caused by less susceptible species. Candidaemia incidence increased in the whole hospital, driven by ICUs. Surveillance of candidaemia epidemiology on a local scale is of high value to guide empirical treatment strategies.
Integrating 2D and 3D shell morphology to disentangle the palaeobiology of ammonoids: a virtual approach
Authors: Hoffmann René , Lemanis Robert E. , Falkenberg Janina , Schneider Steffen , Wesendonk Hendrik , Zachow Stefan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBased on data derived from computed tomography, we demonstrate that integrating 2D and 3D morphological data from ammonoid shells represents an important new approach for investigating the palaeobiology of ammonoids. Characterization of ammonite morphology has long been constrained to 2D data, with only a few studies collecting ontogenetic data in 180° steps. Here we combine this traditional approach with 3D data collected from high‐resolution nano‐computed tomography. Ontogenetic morphological data on the hollow shell of a juvenile ammoniteKosmoceras(Jurassic, Callovian) was collected. 2D data was collected in 10° steps and show significant changes in shell morphology. Preserved hollow spines show multiple mineralized membranes never reported before, representing temporal changes in the ammonoid mantle tissue. 3D data show that chamber volumes do not always increase exponentially, as was generally assumed, but may represent a proxy for life events, such as stress phases. Furthermore, chamber volume cannot be simply derived from septal spacing in forms comparable toKosmoceras. Vogel numbers represent a 3D parameter for chamber shape, and those forKosmocerasare similar to other ammonoids (Arnsbergites,Amauroceras) and modern cephalopods (Nautilus,Spirula). Two methods to virtually document the suture line ontogeny, used to document phylogenetic relationships of larger taxonomic entities, were applied for the first time and present a promising alternative to hand drawings. The curvature of the chamber surfaces increases during ontogeny due to increasing strength of ornamentation and septal complexity. As this may allow for faster handling of cameral liquid, it could compensate for decreasingSA/V ratios through ontogeny.
The use of dipyrone (metamizol) as an analgesic in children: What is the evidence? A review
Authors: de Leeuw Thomas G. , Dirckx Maaike , Gonzalez Candel Antonia , Scoones Gail P. , Huygen Frank J. P. M. , de Wildt Saskia N. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryDipyrone has analgesic, spasmolytic, and antipyretic effects and is used to treat pain. Due to a possible risk of agranulocytosis with the use of dipyrone, it has been banned in a number of countries. The most commonly used data for the use of dipyrone are related to adults. Information relating to the use of dipyrone in children is scarce. Given the potential added value of dipyrone in the treatment of pain, a review of the literature was conducted to obtain more insight into the analgesic efficacy of dipyrone in children as well as the safety of dipyrone in terms of adverse events. A literature search was done for original articles (in English, German, or Spanish language) which met the following criteria: the use of dipyrone for pain and children up to the age of 17 years old. All titles and abstracts retrieved were reviewed, independently, by two of the authors, for their suitability for inclusion. The references of the selected articles were also checked for additional relevant papers. The publications were categorized into case reports, observational studies, or randomized controlled trials. To assess the methodological quality of the studies, the Jadad score was used. In the limited available data, the analgesic efficacy of intravenous dipyrone appears similar to that of intravenous paracetamol. Evidence is lacking to support the claim that dipyrone is equivalent or even superior to Non‐Steroid‐Anti‐Inflammatory‐Drugs in pediatric pain. While the absolute risk of agranulocytosis with dipyrone in children, based on available literature, cannot be determined, case reports suggest that this risk is not negligible.
Non‐specific pleuritis in patients with active malignancy
Authors: Vakil Erik , Ost David , Vial Macarena R. , Stewart John , Sarkiss Mona G. , Morice Rodolfo C. , Casal Roberto F. , Eapen Georgie A. , Grosu Horiana B. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and objectivePleuroscopy is the test of choice for patients with suspected malignant pleural effusion and negative cytology. Biopsies negative for malignancy are frequently attributed to non‐specific pleuritis, which poses a dilemma in patients with a known active malignancy, raising concern for a false‐negative result. Our primary objective was to determine the outcomes of patients with active malignancy who had a non‐malignant diagnosis on pleuroscopy.MethodsRetrospective review of all pleuroscopy cases from January 2005 to January 2015 at our institution was conducted. Biopsies were categorized by histopathology as malignant, eosinophilic or non‐specific pleuritis. Malignant histopathology was considered a true positive. Eosinophilic or non‐specific pleuritis was categorized as malignant, if malignancy was later identified during follow‐up, or chemotherapy induced, possible radiation induced, other paramalignant, other benign or idiopathic.ResultsOf the 199 pleuroscopy cases reviewed, 172 (86%) had a history of active malignancy. On histopathology, 73 (42%) had malignancy, 9 (5%) had eosinophilic pleuritis and 90 (52%) had non‐specific pleuritis. Three patients with non‐specific pleuritis were diagnosed with malignancy at follow‐up. Pleuritis in 24 patients was chemotherapy induced, 27 were possibly radiation induced, 11 were other paramalignant and 3 were other benign. Idiopathic pleuritis was diagnosed in 31 patients. Patients were monitored for a mean of 23 ± 11 months.ConclusionThe prevalence of malignant pleural disease was lower than expected for our patient population. Patients with no malignancy on histopathology were most likely to have non‐specific pleuritis, a cause for which was identified in a majority of patients after clinical review.
Experimental evaluation of the elastic limit of carbon‐fibre reinforced epoxy composites under a large range of strain rate and temperature conditions
Authors: Castres M. , Berthe J. , Deletombe E. , Brieu M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe mechanical behaviour of organic matrix composite materials such as T700GC/M21 carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) is generally considered by the industry as being orthotropic elastic for the sizing of aeronautical structures under normal isothermal “static” flight loads. During the aircraft lifetime, it may be exposed to severe loading conditions at various temperatures. However, the mechanical behaviour of CFRP is known to exhibit a linear behaviour or a non‐linear behaviour according to the types of loads that are considered creep or extreme conditions. The observed non‐linearity can be commonly attributed to several physical phenomena such as non‐linear viscosity, plasticity, or damage. In the literature, different models can be found that are based on three components: a first elastic reversible behaviour, a second non‐linear behaviour, and a failure criterion. An important issue is to understand and characterize the transition between the elastic reversible behaviour and the non‐linear behaviour. To answer this question, the present paper describes an experimental methodology that permits to evaluate this transition thanks to raw experimental data, and its application to a range of constant but different strain rate and temperature tests performed on the T700GC/M21 CFRP material.
Adult multipotent stromal cell cryopreservation: Pluses and pitfalls
Authors: Duan Wei , Lopez Mandi J. , Hicok Kevin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractStudy and clinical testing of adult multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) are central to progressive improvements in veterinary regenerative medicine. Inherent limitations to long‐term culture preclude use for storage. Until cell line creation from primary isolates becomes routine, MSC stasis at cryogenic temperatures is required for this purpose. Many protocols and reagents, including cryoprotectants, used for veterinary MSCs are derived from those for human and rodent cells. Dissimilarities in cryopreservation strategies play a role in variable MSC behaviors. Familiarity with contemporary cryopreservation reagents and processes is essential to an appreciation of their impact on MSC survival and post‐cryopreservation behavior. In addition to these points, this review includes a brief history and description of current veterinary stem cell regulation.
¿Quién incide en la gobernanza local en Nicaragua? El caso de los comités municipales de la soberanía y seguridad alimentaria y nutricional
Authors: Moncayo Miño Marco Vinicio , Yagüe Blanco José Luis 
Published: October 2017

Nicaragua promueve desde el 2009 una estructura interinstitucional específica de seguridad alimentaria. De las instancias planteadas en la respectiva ley, solo se han conformado los comités municipales, los cuales se han convertido en la principal arena política local. Mediante el análisis de redes de políticas se analizó el nivel de incidencia de los actores en las políticas locales. Los resultados presentan a los actores gubernamentales con mayor influencia en la priorización y aprobación de las iniciativas. Aunque la toma de decisiones no se descentraliza del todo, estos espacios suplen las debilidades técnicas y económicas de los gobiernos locales y evitan posibles traslapes entre actores.
Effects of Clinically Meaningful Concentrations of Antipseudomonal β-Lactams on Time to Detection and Organism Growth in Blood Culture Bottles
Authors: Grupper Mordechai , Nicolau David P. , Aslanzadeh Jaber , Tanner Linda K. , Kuti Joseph L. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

The effectiveness of antimicrobial binding resins present in blood culture (BC) bottles in removing meropenem, ceftolozane-tazobactam, and ceftazidime-avibactam is unknown. We assessed the time to detection (TTD) and growth of 2
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
isolates in the presence of clinically meaningful concentrations of these antibiotics. Bactec Plus Aerobic/F and BacT/Alert FA Plus BC bottles were inoculated with one of two isolates (1 meropenem susceptible and 1 resistant), followed by fresh whole blood containing the peak, midpoint, or trough plasma concentrations for meropenem, ceftolozane-tazobactam, and ceftazidime-avibactam. Matching bottles were loaded into their respective detection instruments and a standard incubator at 37°C, with TTD and CFU being monitored for up to 72 h. Bacterial growth was observed for 11/48 (22.9%), 22/48 (45.8%), and 47/48 (97.9%) of all BC bottles inoculated with the peak, midpoint, and trough concentrations, respectively (
P
≤ 0.001). When
P. aeruginosa
was isolated, the TTD was typically <26 h, and no differences between Bactec and BacT/Alert bottles were observed. In both systems, meropenem was removed to a greater degree than were ceftolozane and ceftazidime; however, concentrations for all antibiotics remained above the MIC for the susceptible organisms at 12 h. BC bottles containing antibiotic binding resins may not sufficiently inactivate achievable concentrations of meropenem, ceftolozane-tazobactam, and ceftazidime-avibactam. The consistent identification of both
P. aeruginosa
isolates was observed only in the presence of antibiotic trough concentrations. To minimize false-negative BC results for patients already receiving these antibiotics, cultures should be collected just prior to the next dose, when antibiotic concentrations are lowest.
RNA-Seq Analysis of Differentiated Keratinocytes Reveals a Massive Response to Late Events during Human Papillomavirus 16 Infection, Including Loss of Epithelial Barrier Function
Authors: Klymenko T. , Gu Q. , Herbert I. , Stevenson A. , Iliev V. , Watkins G. , Pollock C. , Bhatia R. , Cuschieri K. , Herzyk P. , Gatherer D. , Graham S. V. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

The human papillomavirus (HPV) replication cycle is tightly linked to epithelial cell differentiation. To examine HPV-associated changes in the keratinocyte transcriptome, RNAs isolated from undifferentiated and differentiated cell populations of normal, spontaneously immortalized keratinocytes (NIKS) and NIKS stably transfected with HPV16 episomal genomes (NIKS16) were compared using next-generation sequencing (RNA-Seq). HPV16 infection altered expression of 2,862 cellular genes. Next, to elucidate the role of keratinocyte gene expression in late events during the viral life cycle, RNA-Seq was carried out on triplicate differentiated populations of NIKS (uninfected) and NIKS16 (infected). Of the top 966 genes altered (>log
2
= 1.8, 3.5-fold change), 670 genes were downregulated and 296 genes were upregulated. HPV downregulated many genes involved in epithelial barrier function, which involves structural resistance to the environment and immunity to infectious agents. For example, HPV infection repressed expression of the differentiated keratinocyte-specific pattern recognition receptor TLR7, the Langerhans cell chemoattractant CCL20, and proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1α (IL-1α) and IL-1β. However, the type I interferon regulator IRF1, kappa interferon (IFN-κ), and viral restriction factors (IFIT1, -2, -3, and -5, OASL, CD74, and RTP4) were upregulated. HPV infection abrogated gene expression associated with the physical epithelial barrier, including keratinocyte cytoskeleton, intercellular junctions, and cell adhesion. Quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting confirmed changes in expression of seven of the most significantly altered mRNAs. Expression of three genes showed statistically significant changes during cervical disease progression in clinical samples. Taken together, the data indicate that HPV infection manipulates the differentiating keratinocyte transcriptome to create an environment conducive to productive viral replication and egress.

IMPORTANCE
HPV genome amplification and capsid formation take place in differentiated keratinocytes. The viral life cycle is intimately associated with host cell differentiation. Deep sequencing (RNA-Seq) of RNA from undifferentiated and differentiated uninfected and HPV16-positive keratinocytes showed that almost 3,000 genes were differentially expressed in keratinocytes due to HPV16 infection. Strikingly, the epithelial barrier function of differentiated keratinocytes, comprising keratinocyte immune function and cellular structure, was found to be disrupted. These data provide new insights into the virus-host interaction that is crucial for the production of infectious virus and reveal that HPV infection remodels keratinocytes for completion of the virus replication cycle.