bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial Nutritional Assessment of Infants with Cleft Lip and/or Palate: Interventions and Return to Birth Weight
Authors: Kaye Alison , Thaete Kristi , Snell Audrey , Chesser Connie , Goldak Claudia , Huff Helen 
Published: February 2016

Objective To assess and quantify cleft team practices with regard to nutritional support in the neonatal period Design Retrospective review. Setting Tertiary pediatric hospital. Patients One hundred consecutive newborn patients with a diagnosis of cleft lip and/or cleft palate between 2009 and 2012. Main Outcome Measures Birth weight, cleft type, initial cleft team weight measurements, initial feeding practices, recommended nutritional interventions, and follow-up nutritional assessments. Results All patients in the study were evaluated by a registered dietitian and an occupational feeding therapist. Average birth weight and average age at the first cleft team visit were similar for each cleft type: cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP), and cleft palate (CP). The calculated age (in days) for return to birth weight was significantly different between cleft types: CL = 13.58 days, CLP = 15.88 days, and CP = 21.93 days. Exclusive use of breast milk was 50% for patients with CL, 30.3% for patients with CLP, and 21.4% for patients with CP. Detailed nutritional interventions were made for 31 patients at the first visit: two with CL, 14 with CLP, and 15 with CP. Conclusions Distinct differences were seen in neonatal weight gain between cleft types. There was significantly greater total weight gain for patients with CL at their first visit and significantly slower return to birth weight for patients with isolated CP. Patients with CL required far fewer interventions at the initial assessment and were more likely to be provided breast milk exclusively or in combination with formula. Infants with CP were far less likely to receive any breast milk. Patients with CLP and CP required frequent nutritional interventions.
Genetic Homozygosity and Phenotypic Variability in Craniosynostotic Rabbits
Authors: Gilbert James R. , Cray James J. , Kreithen Amy , Marazita Mary L. , Cooper Gregory M. , Losee Joseph E. , Siegel Michael I. , Mooney Mark P. 
Published: February 2016

Background Craniosynostosis ranges in severity from single suture involvement with prenatal onset to multiple suture involvement with postnatal onset. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that increasing homozygosity may be responsible for more severe phenotypic expression by examining the relationship between inbreeding and phenotypic expression in synostotic rabbits. Methods Data were obtained from 173 litters and 209 rabbits with familial craniosynostosis. Five distinct phenotypes were identified (normal n = 62; unicoronal delayed onset synostosis (DOS) n = 47; bicoronal DOS n - 21; unicoronal early onset synostosis (EOS) n - 26, and bicoronal EOS n = 53). Wright's coefficients of inbreeding (CI) were calculated using CompuPed software. Radiographs were taken at 10, 25, 42, 84, and 126 days of age to assess coronal suture, craniofacial, and skeletal growth. The relationship between CI and growth data was assessed using correlation coefficients. Results Mean CIs ranged from 15.68 (±2.22) in normal rabbits to 25.89 (±5.03) in bicoronal DOS, to 36.29 (±2.10) in unicoronal EOS to 42.85 (±2.10) in bicoronal EOS rabbits. Significant differences were noted among groups (F - 11.48; P < .001). Significant negative correlations were noted between CI and sutural and craniofacial growth at 25 (r = -.45, P < .001; and r = -.66, P < .001) through 126 (r = -.40, P < .001 and r = -.46, P < .001) days of age. Conclusions While the synostotic phenotype is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion in these rabbits, increasing homozygosity is associated with more severely affected phenotypes. These findings suggest that an accumulation of additional, modifier genes may determine the severity of the synostotic phenotype in rabbits.
Dialogue and Interaction in Early Childhood Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: García-Carrión Rocío , Villardón-Gallego Lourdes 
Published: February 2016

<p>There is solid evidence that high quality Early Childhood Education (ECE hereafter) have substantial impact on later life outcomes. A growing literature suggests that interventions that develop social competency as well as cognitive, language and academic skills in the earliest years play a role in later educational, social and economic success. Less is known about the most conducive interactions –verbal and non-verbal- underpinning such pedagogical practices in early childhood education. This article aims at reviewing the last decade’s early childhood education with a twofold objective: (a) to describe how dialogue and interaction take place in high-quality early childhood education settings; (b) to identify the effects, if any, on children’s learning and development as a result of implementing dialogue-based interventions in ECE. The studies were identified through systematic search of electronic databases and analyzed accordingly. Several types of interactions given in high quality ECE programs and its short and long-term effects are discerned in this review. </p>
Antibacterial Activity of the Red Algae Eucheuma cottonii Extract from Tanjung Coast, Sumenep Madura
Authors: Andriani Zulli , Fasya Ahmad Ghanaim , Hanapi Ahmad 
Published: February 2016

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Red alge <em>Euchema cottonii</em> is one of the biological source that has benefits. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of antibacterial red algae <em>Eucheuma cottonii</em> extract<em>. </em>Isolation of active compounds was performed by maceration method using methanol. The methanol extract was hydrolyzed using HCl 2 N and partitioned by ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and <em>n</em>-hexane solvents. The antibacterial assessment was determined using disc diffusion method againts bacteria <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>and <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Identification of active compound was conducted by reagents test. The results showed that the best solvent to extract algae was methanol with 20.7% rendemen. The methanol extract 4% gives the highest inhibition at concentrations was 7.85 mm; followed by <em>n</em>-hexane and chloroform were 1.0 and 0.6 mm. However, bath ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extract depicted no inhibition zone. The identification test showed the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids and alkaloids in the methanol extract. The extract of n-hexane contained triterpenoids and alkaloids, while the chloroform extract contained flavonoids, triterpenoids and alkaloids.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keyword</strong><strong>s</strong>: <em>Euchema cottonii</em>, antibacterial, disc diffusion<em></em></p>
Extraction, Toxicity Assay and Identification of Active Compounds of Red Algae (Eucheuma cottonii) from Sumenep Madura
Authors: Afif Sholeh , Fasya Ahmad Ghanaim , Ningsih Rachmawati 
Published: February 2016

<p>Extraction, Toxicity Assay and Identification ofActive Compounds of Red Algae Extract <em>(Eucheuma</em><em> </em><em>cottonii</em><em>)</em> from Tanjung Sumenep Madura was analysed. Extraction of active compound was conducted by maceration method using methanol as a solvent. The methanol extract was hydrolyzed with HCl 2 N. The result was partitioned using five solvents (1-butanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane). Toxicity level was determined by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). The identification of the active compound was analyzed by phytochemical test, qualitatively. The result showed that the 1-butanol is the best solvent to extract active compounds of red algae <em>E.</em><em> </em><em>Cottonii</em> in partition process. 1-Butanol fraction gives the highest activity of toxicity with LC<sub>50</sub>70,32 ppm. LC<sub>50</sub> value for ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane was 143,43; 194,40; 195,28; 303,66; and 634,97 ppm, respectively. Identification of active compounds indicated that 1-butanol fraction contains steroids and alkaloids.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: <em>Eucheuma cottonii</em><em>, </em>extraction, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test, phythochemical</p>
Long‐Term Outcomes of Untreated Buccal Gingival Recessions: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Chambrone Leandro , Tatakis Dimitris N. 
Published: February 2016

Background: This review aims to: 1) assess the long‐term outcomes of untreated buccal gingival recession (GR) defects and the associated reported esthetic and functional alterations; and 2) evaluate which factors influence the progression/worsening of dental and periodontal tissue conditions of untreated GR defects.Methods: Interventional and observational studies with duration of ≥24 months reporting outcomes from adult patients with localized or multiple GR defects not treated by root coverage or gingival augmentation procedures were considered eligible for inclusion. MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for articles published through July 2015. Random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed comparing baseline versus most recent follow‐up outcomes (i.e., number of patients with ≥1 GR and number of sites with GR).Results: Of 378 potentially eligible articles, eight (reporting six studies) met inclusion criteria. Of 1,647 GR defects with baseline and follow‐up information, 78.1% experienced GR depth increase during the follow‐up period, whereas the remaining experienced decrease or no change. Moreover, there was a 79.3% increase in the number of GR defects among the patients followed (i.e., new GR defects). Pooled estimates (data from four studies) showed significantly increased odds of recession development long term, regarding either number of patients (odds ratio 2.43; P = 0.03) or number of sites with GR (odds ratio 2.16; P = 0.0005).Conclusion: Untreated recession defects in individuals with good oral hygiene have a high probability of progressing during long‐term follow‐up.
Pornografi Dan Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan (Kajian Kritis Pandangan Feminisme Radikal)
Authors: Wardatun Atun 
Published: February 2016

Some people presume that feminisms are permissive for pornography due to the fact that many women support pornography as an expression of women’s freedom. By critical reading and analysis of radical feminism point of view on women’s sexuality, this work proves that feminisms are ant pornography. Pornography, since it always puts women as the object, is violence against women, dehumanization, and colonialization of women by the domination of patriarchal society.
There is no way for women to minimize—if not to bring to an end— pornography but to start realizing that women are the blamed victims and keep on struggling for gaining equal distribution of power between men and women. Besides, women have to ensure that women are not the only party who have responsibilities for moral degradation of society but at the same time women must be the one as the primary controller for their own body and life.
Asas Retroaktif pada Kasus Pelanggaran HAM (Perspektif Hukum Islam)
Authors: Ikhwan Ikhwan 
Published: February 2016

The principle of retroactiveness in The Act, Number 26 in 2000 on Human Rights Jurisdiction provokes pros and cons. In one hand, severe violence against human rights is an extra ordinary crime that requires special treatment. On the other hand, retroactive legislation is against the principle of legality.
In Islamic law, an act is considered a crime if it is proven by juridical evidences. An act is not considered a crime unless there is punishment for it. Therefore, every juridical decision adheres to the principle of legality that limits the extent of a law just for the future, not retroactive. According to most Muslim scholars, the principle of retroactiveness could be implemented if a new law is more just and humane without breaking the attainment of law ends. Implementation of the principle for severe violence against human rights is not allowed because it does not meet such requirement.
Al-Hikmah Al-Muta‘Âliyyah Pemikiran Metafisika Eksistensialistik Mulla Shadra
Authors: Sholihan Sholihan 
Published: February 2016

Among the meritorious figures that develop the illuminative thought initiated by Suhrawardi is Shadr al-Dîn al-Shirazi, also known as Mulla Sadra. He is well known with his thought of al-Hikmah al-Muta'âliyyah or transcendent theosophy, an effort of harmonizing revelation, gnosis, and philosophy. He inflame an idea where the logic buried in the sea of light gnosis. He called the synthesis—one that he considered to be the particular basis of three major paths to truth for man, namely: revelation (wahy or shar'), intellection ('aql), and mystical vission (Kashf)—as al-Hikmah al-Muta‘âliyyah or transcendent theosophy. He has managed to make synthesis between deductive method of the Peripatetic, method of illumination, method of the odyssey of ‘irfân or Sufism, and method of Kalam. When his thought is compared with existentialistic thought of West, then there is a point of similarities among them not only in terms of technical language, but also in substantive matters.
Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Perspektif epistEmologi Filsafat Islam
Authors: Kurniawan Asep 
Published: February 2016

Human beings are the only creature whose capability of knowledge enabling them to develop. However, this could be hampered by the wrong epistemology understanding based on a religion they believe. This research aims to encourage human thought to be dynamically progressive without jeopardizing values of Qur’an. This is carried out through placing the Islamic epistemology on the autonomy of ration and empirical experiences and conducting dialectical process between them and Al-Qur’an. Conclusions derived are that human knowledge can develop dynamically and progressively in line with the spirit of the Qur’an. It automatically has an impact on the development of holistic human resources. In this context, Islamic epistemology then is the main drive for the development of human resources.
Menjinakkan Barat Dengan Oksidentalisme: Gagasan Kiri Islam Hassan Hanafî
Authors: Suharti Suharti 
Published: February 2016

In the scholarly thoughts, some recognized Muslim scholars are among them: Nashr Hamîd Abû Zayd, Zia Ghokap, Muhammad Syahrûr, Amina Wadûd, and Hassan Hanafî. They were known for their brilliant ideas and theories in perceiving problems and finding ways out of the problems related either to Islamic affairs and the Muslims or even for the welfare of the whole humankind. The ideas that they offered through writings become inspirations and triggers to Islamic development to compete with the West.
It is relative to consider one’s idea as extraordinary or ordinary. In this case, Hassan Hanafi, as one of Muslim scholars, tried to offer an idea popularly known as “al-Yasâr al-Islâmî” or “Islamic Left”. The idea proposed in the “Islamic Left” is an effort to bring back Islam and the Muslims to the previous golden era by eliminating every threat to Islam. This revolution is based on three main considerations: revitalization of classical literature, reality of Islamic world and the needs to fight against western civilization.
This article is intended to trace the path of the existence of “Islamic Left” developed by Hassan Hanafî from historical background, terminology, school of thoughts, and Hassan Hanafî’s way of thinking.
El travestismo en Lima: de la Colonia a la República.
Authors: Pamo Reyna Oscar G. 
Published: February 2016

Se estudia un panfleto de las primeras décadas del siglo XIX que narra una corta historia como una sátira social de la época pues incluye los requiebros de un maricón y un viejo sacristán, los preparativos de un grupo de travestis para la fiesta de Amancaes, la aguda críticade los travestis hacia las mujeres que ven pasar, el encarcelamiento de los travestis y el enojo del sacristán al ver el regocijo de los travestis estando en la cárcel.
Programas preventivos promocionales de salud bucal en el Perú
Authors: Espinoza-Usaqui Erika Marisol , Pachas-Barrionuevo Flor de María 
Published: February 2016

El artículo de revisión hace referencia a los programas preventivos promocionales de salud bucal, partiendo de la identificación de la problemática de salud bucal, con revisión de conceptos de los determinantes de la salud, prevención y promoción. Se explican los componentes de un programa en el que se incluyen objetivos, metas, técnicas y estrategias, actividades, recursos, etapas y además se analiza la propuesta de la OMS. La prevención con flúor vía sistémica y tópica y la aplicación de los sellantes de fosas y fisuras fueron las estrategias más utilizadas por los programas. Por su eficiencia y eficacia, la fluorización de sal de consumo humano y del agua potable, constituyen los programas con más impacto sobre la salud oral, según experiencias reportadas en diversos países de Europa, Asia, América y el Caribe. En el Perú, el programa empleado es la Sal Fluorada a cargo del Ministerio de Salud (MINSA). Los programas con fuerte contenido promocional basado en los principios de la promoción de la salud pretenden de un lado implementar políticas saludables en el cuidado de la salud, crear espacios saludables con énfasis en escuelas, orientar los servicios de salud a lo preventivo, organizar a la población y modificar conductas de riesgo a través de acciones de instrucción de higiene oral, disminución del consumo de carbohidratos, uso de pasta dental con flúor y visitas al dentista. Se obtuvo mejores resultados en la mejora de la salud bucal, cuando se emplearon ambos componentes, preventivo y promocional.
Estudio comparativo de dos instrumentos para determinar la ubicación del cenit gingival en dientes antero superiores
Authors: Flores-Jara Pamela , Delgado-Cotrina Leyla , Webb-Linares Jacqueline , Evangelista-Alva Alexis 
Published: February 2016

Objetivo: Determinar la ubicación y nivel del cenit gingival de dientes anterosuperiores y comparar ambos parámetros con el uso del calibrador digital y compás de puntas secas según género y hemiarcada. Materiales y Métodos: Se incluyeron modelos de estudio del maxilar superior de 20 estudiantes de la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia con edad promedio de 21,05 años (18-24). Se registró en ellos los parámetros mencionados tanto con calibrador digital como con compás y regla. La comparación de mediciones fue mediante la prueba t de Student, y U de Mann Whitney, además se aplicó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: El promedio del desplazamiento del cenit gingival usando el calibrador digital en el incisivo central (IC), incisivo lateral (IL) y canino (C) fue de 0,72mm, 0,36mm y 0,11mm distal del eje longitudinal del diente respectivamente, el promedio con uso del compás fue de 0,71mm, 0,39mm y 0,11mm en el IC, IL y C distal del eje axial respectivamente.La distancia promedio del nivel del cenit gingival con calibrador fue de 0,59 mm y con compás de 0,63 mm. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en ninguno de los casos (p>0,05), se encontró alta correlación entre las mediciones con ambos instrumentos, además no se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa en las mediciones por género y hemiarcada. Conclusión: El compás puede ser utilizado como método alternativo para dichas mediciones por ser más accesible y sencillo de usar.
Calidad de vida y problemas bucales en preescolares de la provincia de Huaura, Lima.
Authors: López-Ramos Roxana Patricia , García-Rupaya Carmen Rosa 
Published: February 2016

Objetivos: Evaluar el impacto de los problemas bucales en la calidad de vida en niños de 3 a 5 años de la Institución Educativa Inicial del distrito Hualmay de la provincia de Huaura, departamento de Lima en el 2011. Material y Métodos: Este estudio fue de tipo descriptiva, transversal. Evaluó a 153 niños, a quienes se les examinó la cavidad bucal y al responsable del cuidado del niño se aplicó el Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS); previamente se realizó la validación peruana. Un examinador calibrado evaluó tres problemas bucales: caries de infancia temprana, traumatismos dento-alveolares y maloclusiones en dientes anteriores. Se realizó el análisis estadístico; aplicando pruebas de Anova, U Mann Whitney y Kruskal Wallis con un nivel de significancia de 95%. Resultados: La frecuencia de caries de infancia temprana fue de 76,47%; de traumatismos dento-alveolares 9,8% y de maloclusiones anteriores 6,54%. Las preguntas mayormente respondidas del ECOHIS fueron sobre: el dolor (54,9%), dificultad para comer (49,7%) y beber (41,9%). La dimensión limitación funcional del ECOHIS presentó el promedio más alto (4,75±3,44). La severidad alta de caries de infancia temprana obtuvo el promedio más elevado en relación al ECOHIS (24,88±9,43). Conclusiones: La caries de infancia temprana presentó impacto negativo en la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud bucal de los niños evaluados.
La tomografía computarizada cone beam en la ortodoncia, ortopedia facial y funcional
Authors: Roque-Torres Gina D , Meneses-López Abraham , Norberto Bóscolo Frab , De Almeida Solange María , Haiter Neto Francisco 
Published: February 2016

La Tomografía Computarizada Cone Beam (TCCB) es una tecnología en rápido desarrollo que proporciona imágenes de alta resolución espacial del complejo craneofacial en tres dimensiones (3D). Durante la última década, el número de publicaciones relacionadas a la TCCB en la literatura se ha incrementado de manera significativa, pero la cuestión fundamental es si esta tecnología conduce a mejores resultados. La TCCB y su aplicación en la ortodoncia es muy importante ya que esta nueva tecnología va evolucionando cada vez más rápido y nuevas imágenes se necesitan para responder algunos casos como los de recidiva. La imagen tomográfica nos va permitir tener una visión diferente comparando con las imágenes convencionales, y esta visión va de la mano con los movimientos realizados para la corrección de la maloclusión o desproporción facial.
El automanejo de enfermedades crónicas: población de una jurisdicción de centros de salud
Authors: Peñarrieta-De Córdova María , Vergel-Camacho Susana , Lezama-Vigo Sonia , Rivero- Álvarez Rosario 
Published: February 2016

Objetivo: describir el automanejo en personas con enfermedades crónicas (diabetes, hipertensión y cáncer). Métodos: el estudio se realizó en poblaciones que pertenecían a la jurisdicción de centros de salud del Ministerio de salud, se realizó una muestra por conveniencias con el siguiente criterio de inclusión: mayores de 18 años y más de tres mesesde presentar la enfermedad. Se aplicó el instrumento: «Automanejo en padecimientos crónicos. Partners in Health Scale» a un total de 382 personas. Resultados: el automanejo es deficiente, con una media general de 66, para diabetes, hipertensión y cáncer. Se encontró diferencias en el automanejo en la dimensión de adherencia así como demanejo de signos y síntomas. Las personas con diabetes presentaron mejor automanejo en el manejo de signos y síntomas frente a las personas con hipertensión y cáncer, mientras que las personas con cáncer presentaron mejor automanejo en adherencia comparadas con las personas con hipertensión y diabetes. Se encontró diferencias en elautomanejo según sexo. Conclusiones: el automanejo en personas con enfermedades crónicas es deficiente en todas sus dimensiones: conocimiento, adherencia, y manejo de signos y síntomas. Se requiere realizar mayores investigaciones con perspectiva de género.