bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Practice of Airborne and Droplet Precautions among Healthcare Students during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Binkhamis Khalifa , Barry Mazin , Alkahtani Mashel K. , Almetary Rakan J. , Alrasheed Dana A. , Alyamani Abduljabbar A. , Barakeh Maha M. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Health-care workers are at risk of contracting and transmitting infections. Few studies have assessed knowledge of transmission-based precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study is to estimate the students' knowledge and practice of airborne and droplet precautions as well as knowledge of COVID-19 measures among medical, dental, and nursing students at King Saud University (KSU) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional survey-based study conducted from August 2020 to October 2020 at KSU. Students that met the inclusion criteria were contacted and given questionnaires through social media; a convenience sampling technique was implemented due to limitations of contact during the pandemic.

Results:
435 students were included in the study. Most of them were females (61.4%), and the distribution was 31.7%, 25.5%, and 42.8% for medical, dentistry, and nursing students, respectively. The mean knowledge of airborne and droplet precautions was 56.6%. Nursing and dentistry students displayed significantly lower knowledge of isolation precautions compared to medical students (P < 0.001). Knowledge of isolation precautions had correlated significantly and positively with self-rated better hygienic practices, r = 0.340, P < 0.010. The students' average knowledge score about COVID-19 was 81.37%. Moreover, results showed that students' overall mean willingness to take the vaccine for COVID-19 was 81%. Students' mean self-rated willingness to undergo COVID-19 vaccination correlated significantly and positively with their knowledge of infection control (r = 0.162, P < 0.010).

Conclusion:
Based on our study, the overall mean knowledge and practice of KSU health students were satisfactory, and their willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 is acceptable. The study took place while students were learning online hence, we suggest future research to examine the practice of infection control measures after the pandemic.
Recent Trends in Dermatologists’ Career Choices: A Cross-sectional Study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharithy Ruaa , Alotaibi Hend M. , Shadid Asem , Alhaddad Sukaina , Alotaibi Manar A. , Alsubhi Arwa Musaad , Alqerafi Abdulrahman 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Several factors might affect career choice. Limited studies have been conducted to explore these factors among dermatologists.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine prevalent career preferences among Saudi dermatologists and assess the factors associated with those preferences.

Design:
This was a cross-sectional study.

Methods:
An online questionnaire was disseminated among 110 Saudi dermatologists who graduated from the national or international dermatology boards in Saudi Arabia between April and July 2020.

Main Outcome Measures:
Dermatologists’ career choices and associated factors after dermatology board training.

Results:
Out of the participating dermatologists, 50% were females, and 50% were males. A total of 80% of participants were married, and 74.5% had children. 43.6% of dermatologists decided to pursue academic careers postresidency, 35.5% opted for private practice, and 20.9% opted for governmental clinical practice (Ministry of Health [MOH]/non-MOH). Gaining new skills, a perceived favorable job market, and earning/income potential was the most common motive for pursuing a fellowship, whereas geographic distribution and working hours were the least common motives. Participants aged 46 years and above had a 6.02-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50–24.15) higher odds of choosing clinical practice over academics compared to participants aged 30–35 years. Having children was associated with a 2.83-fold (95% CI: 1.07–7.50) higher odds of choosing clinical practice over academic.

Conclusions:
The surveyed dermatologists preferred clinical practice just after residency. After finishing their residency, more than half of the respondents decided to pursue a fellowship. The most important reasons for pursuing a fellowship are the acquisition of new skills and the enhancement of employment opportunities, whereas prestige is the least essential factor. Older age and having children were strongly associated with the odds of choosing clinical practice over academic.
Differential expression of Cadherins switch and Caveolin-2 during stages of oral carcinogenesis
Authors: Nascimento Rebeca B. , Machado Isadora A. R. , Silva Jamerson C. , Faria Lorena A. S. , Borba Fernanda C. , Porto Lia P. A. , Santos Jean N. , Ramalho Luciana M. P. , Rodini Camila O. , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda S. D. , Paiva Katiúcia B. S. , Xavier Flávia C. A. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for 90% of oral malignancies, which may be preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Cancer progression involves the downregulation of epithelial markers (E-cadherin) and the upregulation of mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin), which together characterise the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Furthermore, caveolin can act on cell adhesion and migration events that regulate the expression of the E-cadherin/α-β-catenin complex, thus favouring aggressive biological behaviour. This study aimed to analyse the immunoexpression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and caveolin-2 at different stages of oral carcinogenesis to identify reliable biomarkers to predict malignant potential.

Methods:
Expressions of E-cadherin and N-cadherin in 14 normal oral mucosae (NOM), 14 OPMD and 33 OSCC specimens were evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological parameters were also assessed.

Results:
E-cadherin immunoexpression was significantly reduced during the progression of oral carcinogenesis (P = 0.0018). N-cadherin immunoexpression did not show any statistical differences between these groups. However, a representative number of N-cadherin-positive OSCC cases did not express E-cadherin. The expression of caveolin-2 increased significantly with the progression of the disease, from NOM to OSCC (P value: 0.0028).

Conclusion:
These findings indicate that cadherin switch and caveolin-2 immunoexpression may be regulatory events in oral carcinogenesis.
Evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) against periodontal biofilm
Authors: Sindhu B U , Praveen Sowmya , Sandeep J N , Avinash J L , Rajiv N P , Rudraswamy Sushma 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives:
To determine the action of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) on supragingival microbiota and on subgingival microbiota in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis through microbial reduction assay.

Methodology:
40 systemically healthy patients were divided into two groups (gingivitis and periodontitis) with 20 patients per group. Supragingival and subgingival plaque samples were collected from each patient in Group I and Group II, respectively. Sample 1 and Sample 2 from each patient were immediately transferred into sterile Eppendorf tube 1 and tube 2 with microbial transport media, respectively. Both the tubes were then immediately transferred into an anaerobic jar and sent to the microbial facility. IgY was then added to these samples. All the samples were collected in duplicate vials to check the in vitro antimicrobial activity of microbes with IgY and without IgY. Microbial reduction percentage was calculated based on the colony count comparing the colonies with and without IgY.

Results:
The mean CFUs in the gingivitis group with IgY samples was significantly lesser as compared to the periodontitis group. The mean CFUs in gingivitis and periodontitis group with IgY samples was significantly lesser as compared to those without IgY samples.

Conclusion:
IgY has a significant role in the reduction of bacterial count in supragingival and subgingival plaque samples. So, IgY when used as a local drug delivery agent or mouthwash, as an adjunct to scaling and root planing may reduce gingival and periodontal diseases but further studies showing its effect must be carried out to validate the same.
Estimation of the calcium content of intact tooth by decalcification and ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid method – A analytical quantitative study
Authors: Gururaj Narayanarao , Prabakaran Rebekah C. , Daniel Divyna , Xavier A. , Swetha S. , Janani V. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Teeth, one of the strongest structures of the human body, stands as reliable evidence in forensic odontology. The gender and age can be estimated from a tooth using various methods. We aimed to estimate the calcium content of an intact tooth and compare it with its average weight and dimension and also to find the possible correlation with the age and gender of an individual.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 180 extracted teeth were divided into group A (21-40), group B (41-60) and group C (61-80). Calcium estimation by decalcification followed by ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid method analysis was performed.

Results:
Greatest calcium values were found in the males with mandibular premolars in group A, of maxillary premolars and mandibular molars in group B, as well as of maxillary canine, maxillary molars and mandibular incisors in group C. Greater calcium levels in the age of group B and C in mandibular incisors and male maxillary molars and in the jaws of group B, group C incisors and group C canines with P < 0.05. Calcium content and the weight of the teeth decreased with ageing.

Conclusion:
Calcium levels significantly varied in each tooth type, arch, gender and age.
Intramedullary Nailing of Proximal Tibia Fractures in Semi-extended Position Using Suprapatellar Approach: Results and Outcomes
Authors: Rohit Kumar , Verma Vikas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims and Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the functional results and clinicoradiological outcomes of extra-articular closed proximal third tibia fractures managed by suprapatellar nailing in semi-extended position with a minimum follow-up of 12 months.

Materials and Methods:
In our prospective study, 15 cases of extra-articular closed proximal third tibia fractures admitted between January 2019 to December 2020, treated with intramedullary nailing through suprapatellar approach, were included. The patients were followed up regularly at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and every 6 months thereafter. The clinical outcome was analyzed using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) at 12 months’ follow-up visit. The radiological outcomes were analyzed by evaluating the radiographs for fracture union and alignment.

Results:
Fifteen patients having proximal third tibia fracture fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Patients had an average age of 34 years (24–55 years). The average follow-up period was 14 months (12–18 months) after the index procedure. The average time for radiological union was 6 months (range: 4–12 months). Two patients had procurvatum malalignment of >10°. We did not have significant rotational or varus/valgus malalignment or limb length discrepancy of >1 cm in our study. The average LEFS score at the 12 months’ follow-up was 88% (median: 90%; range: 80%–98%).

Conclusion:
We recommend the use of intramedullary suprapatellar nailing for fixation of proximal third tibial fractures. Suprapatellar nailing has inherent advantages of patient positioning for perfect nail entry and placement. When performed following the established surgical principles and techniques and proper patient and implant selection, it provides excellent clinicoradiological outcome with less complications as compared to other fixation methods for such fractures. There is also absence of anterior knee pain which is very common in the standard infrapatellar approach due to which its use could be extended for nailing of all types of tibia fractures.
Analisis Delay Management Akibat Cuaca Terkait Teknis Operasional pada Maskapai Citilink di Bandar Udara Komodo Labuan Bajo
Authors: Haural Aini Nadila  
Published: September 2024

Keterlambatan penerbangan yang terjadi pada maskapai Citilink Bandar Udara Komodo Labuan Bajo umumnya terjadi dikarenakan faktor faktor cuaca, teknis dan operasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana delay Management dan complaint delay Management pada Maskapai Citilink di Bandar Udara Komodo Labuan Bajo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan jenis data primer dan skunder. Tekhnik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode wawancara, metode observasi dan metode dokumentasi pada. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa delay Management dan complaint delay managemenet yang diberikan oleh maskapai Citilink yaitu Pertama, Menyampaikan informasi kepada penumpang dengan benar dan jelas. Kedua, petugas melakukan koordinasi dengan Maskapai. selan-jutnya ketiga, Badan Usaha Angkatan Udara, penyelenggara bandar udara, dan pihak terkait keterlambatan Memeberi kompensasi dan ganti rugi. Selain itu complaint delay Management yang diberikan antara lain pertama, bersikap empati. Kedua memberi perhatian kepada penumpang. Ketiga, peduli kepada penumpang. Ke-empat, memberikan kemudahan bagi penumpang yang akan menyusun ulang rencana perjalanan. Kelima, membantu penumpang termasuk pemesanan pulang atau melakukan pemindahan ke penerbangan atau Maskapai lainnya.
Analisis Cover Album “Savage” Dari Girl Group Aespa
Authors: Salsabila Hamza  , Jupriani Jupriani  
Published: September 2024

The research aims to understand the visual form and meaning of the album "Savage" by girl group Aespa. It is hoped that this study can be useful as a new knowledge base and can be used as a future research reference. To achieve these goals and benefits, the author uses a descriptive qualitative approach. An analysis of this study was conducted with the semiotics theory of Charles Sanders Pierce. The resources obtained are primary data obtained directly from SYNK DIVE's physical album "Savage" and interview process, while secondary data are from various literature sources. The results that the authors obtained after conducting this study were the album's cover design to visualize the contents of the songs and concepts on the album. The album's cover was designed using a flow of futurism that describes the speed of a movement.
Pembelajaran Ansambel Musik Pada Kelas XI IPA 3 Di MAN 2 Padang
Authors: Putri Nabila Nurfaizah  , Harisnal Hadi  
Published: September 2024

This study aims to describe the implementation of music ensemble learning in class XI Science 3 at MAN 2 Padang. This type of research is qualitative research with descriptive methods. The instruments in this study are the researchers themselves and are assisted by supporting instruments in the form of stationery and cameras. Data collection techniques are carried out by means of literature studies, observations, interviews and documentation. The data in this study used primary data and secondary data. The steps of analyzing data are collecting data, identifying data, classifying data, describing data and inferring data. The results showed that in learning music ensembles in class XI Science 3 at MAN 2 Padang, teachers only focused on presenting pianica ensemble music. In the implementation of this ensemble music learning, teachers conduct learning not in accordance with the RPP (Learning Implementation Design) that has been made. However, the RPP made is in accordance with the 2013 curriculum. Ensemble music learning in class XI Science 3 at MAN 2 Padang went well. Although teachers lack mastery in the art of music, teachers can condition learning by providing simple practical materials to students and teachers also use peer tutor methods so that the learning of this ensemble music runs well.
Gangguan Skizofrenia Pada Remaja di Indonesia
Authors: Andreas Danang Saputra  , Devina Saraswati  , Meisye Eka Saputri  , Nara Indriani  , Liss Dyah Dewi Arini  
Published: September 2024

During adolescence, many biological, psychological and social changes occur, but in general the process of physical maturation occurs faster than psychological maturation. During adolescence, there are many things that cause people in general to experience mental disorders. Some mental disorders that usually occur are caused by various existing stressors which can cause anxiety disorders, depression and lead to suicide. Adolescents who grow up in a conducive environment will rarely experience mental disorders which are usually suffered by most teenagers who experience these mental disorders. This mental disorder can be prevented. There are many mental disorders whose symptoms and causes are difficult to determine. It is sometimes difficult to see the difference between ordinary teenage moodiness and signs of more serious illness, although the illness usually begins in late adolescence or young adulthood. Symptoms in adolescents may appear gradually over days, weeks, or weeks. several months or more
Resumption versus discontinuation of direct oral anticoagulation after
an episode of gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rebleeding episodes
Authors: Morarasu Bianca Codrina , Sorodoc Laurentiu , Morarasu Stefan , Marciuc Emilia Adriana , Haliga Raluca Ecaterina , Ceasovschih Alexandr , Constantin Mihai , Stoica Alexandra , Diaconu Alexandra Diana , Dobrovat Bogdan Ionut , Haisan Anca , Sorodoc Victorita 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionBackground. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have become standard of care in long term anticoagulation. Extensive research has focused on this new class of drugs that despite their benefits, have an associated risk of bleeding with lack of evidence for management following an episode of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). Our meta-analysis and systematic review provide an updated perspective on the rate of rebleeding in patients with an episode of GIB while on DOACs.Material and methodsMaterials and methods. A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases was performed for all comparative studies examining outcomes in patients that resumed versus withheld DOACs after a baseline episode of GIB. The initial search found 1823 studies. After excluding duplicates and unrelated studies based on abstract triage, 29 full texts were assessed for eligibility, out of which five matched the inclusion criteria and were systematically reviewed.ResultsResults. Five studies containing data comparing clinical outcomes between patients were included. All studies were retrospective including a total of 2837 patients with a case control design. Both groups showed similar rebleeding rates with lower GIB as the primary site of rebleeding. Type of DOAC, timing of anticoagulation resumption and patients characteristics may influence rebleeding rates.ConclusionsConclusions: Looking at the overall risk/benefit ratio of anticoagulation post GIB, we suggest there is a benefit for oral anticoagulation continuation. Further large scale studies are needed to provide optimal management strategies in this population.
Storage of ‘Cuernavaqueña’ mexican plum (Spondias purpurea L.) fruits in passive modified atmosphere
Authors: Herrero-Galindo Adriana , Colinas-León María Teresa B. , Alia-Tejacal Irán , Rosas-Flores Nallely 
Published: September 2024

Mexican plum fruits (Spondias purpurea L.) are highly perishable, so passive modification of the products surrounding the atmosphere and low storage temperature can help in increasing fruit shelf life. The objective was to evaluate the effect of storage temperature on the postharvest behavior of Mexican plums packed in passive modified atmosphere. Physiologically mature Mexican plum fruits 'Cuernavaqueña' were placed in low-density polyethylene bags (0.062 μm thick) and stored at 14 and 25 °C and 93 ± 2 % relative humidity for eight days. The results in the production of CO2, ethylene, weight loss and firmness, indicate that the use of a low-density packaging, polyethylene bag, and storage at a temperature of 14 °C delayed the ripening process of the fruits. Regarding the bioactive compounds evaluated in pulp and peel, in both treatments, their content is attractive in order to enhance the fresh consumption of these fruits that are beneficial to human health.
Comment on “Are soils overrated in hydrology?” by Gao et al. (2023)
Authors: Zhao Ying , Rahmati Mehdi , Vereecken Harry , Or Dani 
Published: September 2024

Abstract. This comment challenges the perspective of Gao et al. (2023) that is rejecting the role of soil processes in hydrology. We argue that the authors present a false dichotomy between soil-centric and ecosystem-centric views. These two views of hydrology are complementary and reflect on the inherent multiscale complexity of hydrology where soil processes dominate at certain scales but other processes may become important at the catchment scale. We recognize the need for a new scale-aware framework that reconciles the interplay between soil processes at small scales with emergent behaviors driven by vegetation, topography, and climate at large scales.
Diagnosis, Medical Ethics, and Moral Authority in the Pardoner’s Tale
Authors: Peterson Brice 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
In the Pardoner’s Tale, Chaucer evinces a surprising interest in the medical practice of diagnosis, leveraging diagnosis and its investment in etiology to interrogate how semiotic systems explain the relationship between a person’s body and moral authority. He references two semiotic systems that might make the Pardoner’s moral authority legible: one based on scholastic medical ethics and another on Galenic complexion theory. Neither system, however, fully accounts for the Pardoner’s body. Consequently, Chaucer elevates the semiotic dilemma in the tale from what is the right way to read the human body to whether there is a right way. This article uses medical discourse to show how Chaucer problematizes ideas of bodily semiotics. Indeed, Chaucer advances the annihilating possibility that there is no single way to interpret signs and that humans are left to muddle their way as best they can through a world full of competing semiotic systems.