bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Mixing Time for Bioreactors with Self-Inducing Impellers
Authors: M. Alaa   K. 
Published: October 2024

يعد زمن الخلط احد اهم العوامل المهمة في تحديد كفاءة الخلط للاوساط الغذائية في المفاعلات الحيوية وكذلك في عمليات توسيع الانتاج. يعتمد هذا الزمن على طبيعة الوسط الغذائي والظروف التشغيليةللعملية التحضيرية وكذلك على الشكل الهندسي للخلاط المستخدم في عملية المزج. استخدم في هذا البحث ملح صوديوم كاربوكسي مثيل سليلوز كمادة مشابهة للوسط الغذائي ذات التخمر الهوائي وتمت دراسة تاثير كل من لزوجة الوسط الغذائي ، سرعة تدوير الخلاط والشكل الهندسي للخلاط على زمن الخلط . استخدم لهذا الغرض مخمر ذات الخلاط الساحب للهواء. تم تحليل النتائج العملية للبحث رياضيا باستخدام برنامج MATLAB بهدف الحصول على موديل رياضي يربط زمن الخلط مع العوامل المذكورة اعلاه في مدى من رقم رينولد اصغر من 5000(Re<5000) وهو المدى الشائع لتشغيل المفاعلات الحيوية للاغراض الصناعية.
اعطت هذه المعادلة تطابق جيد مع النتائج العملية المستحصلة من البحث وبمعدل حيود .6.6%
SYNTHESIS,ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF 2-AMINO 5-PHENYL -1,3,4- OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Mohammed Hussain jassem 
Published: October 2024

في هذا البحث تم تحضير خمسة مشتقات لمركب 2 –أمينو فنيل-4,3,1 –أوكسادايازول ذات فعالية كمضادات بكتيرية. المركبات المحضرة هي 2 –أمينو فنيل-4,3,1 –أوكسادايازول ثنائي ثايوكربمات , 2 –أمينو5 –(4 –أمينو-N,N –ثنائي مثيل فنيل)-4,3,1 –أوكسادايازول , 2 –أمينو5 –(4 –أمينو-N,N –ثنائي مثيل فنيل)-4,3,1 –أوكسادايازول ثنائي ثايوكربمات , 2 –أمينو5 –(4 –نايترو فنيل)-4,3,1 –أوكسادايازول , 2 –أمينو5 –(4 – نايترو فنيل)-4,3,1 –أوكسادايازول ثنائي ثايوكربمات . تم دراسة هذه المركبات كمضادات للبكتريا والفطريات وكانت النتائج الفعالية البايولوجية للمركبات واضحة كمضادات للانواع المدروسة كما تم تشخيص المركبات المحضرة بوساطة أطياف الاشعة تحت الحمراء وأطياف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي وبعض الخواص الفيزيائية لها.
The use of wastewater and inorganic fertilizers as nutrients source for cultivation of diatom Nitzschia palea
Authors: Al-Saadi Hussain A. , Kassim Thaer I. , Al-Hassany Jennan S. 
Published: October 2024

استخدم نوعين من الأوساط الغذائية البديلة (مياه الصرف الصحي والأسمدة الزراعية اللاعضوية) لاستزراع الديتوم Nitzschia palea(Kuetz.)W. Smith . خلطت هذه الأوساط بنسبة 50% مع الوسط الغذائي الصناعي Chu-10 المحور في ظروف مسيطر عليها (درجة الحرارة 25 ºم وشدة الإضاءة 260 مايكروانشتاين/م² /ثا). أظهرت دلائل النمو للديتوم ان أعلى معدل نمو بلغ 0.56 خلية/ساعة وأقل زمن تضاعف 13 ساعة للوسط المكون من 50% من مياه الصرف الصحي مع مثلها من الوسط Chu-10 . جاء بعدها وسط الأسمدة الزراعية المسمى N:P:K" " بتركيز 125 ملغم/لتر (نيتروجين:فسفور:بوتاسيوم) وتركيز 12.5 ملغم/لتر من الوسط المكون من السوبرفوسفات P2O5 و100 ملغم/لتر من كبريتات المغنيسيوم و10 ملغم/لتر من سليكات الصوديوم والتي أعطت معدل نمو قدره 0.35 خلية/ساعة وزمن تضاعف بلغ 20.7 ساعة وعدد خلايا 9.75 × 106 خلية/مليلتر وامتصاصية 0.86 نانوميتر، وعلى هذا الأساس ممكن الاستفادة من مياه الفضلات والأسمدة الزراعية اللاعضوية كونها أوساطاً بديلة لتنمية هذا النوع من الطحالب مع الأخذ بنظر الإعتبارسهولة الحصول عليها لخفض كلفة الاستزراع في الأوساط الزراعية الصناعية.
Experimental study on the influence of different curing methods on the performance of concrete
Authors: Guo Guohe , Zhao Shangchuan , Wen Dongchang , Zhang Ge , Liu Longlong 
Published: October 2024

Curing concrete is an effective method to ensure concrete’s mechanical and durability performance. This article experimentally investigates the impact of various curing methods (air curing, sprinkler curing, geotextile curing, and composite geotextile curing) on the compressive strength of concrete at 7, 14, and 28 days, as well as the carbonation depth and chloride ion diffusion coefficient at 28, 56, and 90 days. The effects of different curing methods on concrete performance are compared. The experimental results demonstrate that sprinkler, geotextile, and composite geotextile curing at 7 and 14 days effectively enhance concrete’s mechanical and durability performance. Compared to air curing concrete at 28 days, sprinkler, geotextile, and composite geotextile curing reduced by 17.75 %, 25.11 %, and 31.51 %, respectively, but the average absolute deviation is reducing. From 28 to 90 days, air curing concrete’s chloride ion diffusion coefficient decreases by 8.5 %. For concrete specimens under sprinkler curing, geotextile curing, and composite geotextile curing, the chloride ion diffusion coefficient decreases by 20.4 %, 8.3 %, and 6.0 %, respectively. Beyond 28 days, the durability performance of concrete under composite geotextile curing, including carbonation depth and chloride ion diffusion coefficient, tends to stabilize. The optimal curing period of 28 days is determined based on comprehensive mechanical and durability performance. Composite geotextile curing retains moisture on the concrete surface, slows evaporation, reduces watering frequency and labour costs, and promotes long-term concrete performance development. Carbonation tests and durability performance, such as chloride ion diffusion coefficient, are more sensitive to concrete curing effects. Single indicators like mechanical or durability performance cannot comprehensively evaluate concrete’s long-term performance. Concrete quality should be comprehensively evaluated by considering strength, carbonation depth, chloride ion diffusion coefficient, and other indicators.
Optimization of atomization performance of external mixing air atomizing nozzle based on response surface agent model
Authors: Sun Zegang , Zheng Zhonghao , Zhang Jiabin , Zhao Fan 
Published: October 2024

Based on the finding that the atomization performance of the nozzle is affected by its structural parameters, a combination of finite element analysis and structural optimization calculations is used. Finite element analysis was performed through the VOF (Volume of Fluid) module of Fluent software to determine the structural parameters affecting the performance of the atomizing nozzle. The liquid cyclone tank inclination, the length of the flat section at the gas outlet, and the mixing chamber outlet diameter were used as optimization factors. The atomization cone angle and fuel atomization circumferential distribution uniformity index were used as the evaluation indexes of atomization performance. An orthogonal experimental design was carried out based on the above. Proxy model for atomization cone angle and fuel atomization circumferential distribution uniformity index based on response surface method. The optimal structure of the nozzle was obtained by optimization calculation of the agent model by genetic algorithm. The results show that the atomization performance is optimal when the inclination angle of the liquid rotating tank is 42.9, the length of the flat section at the gas outlet is 3.3, and the diameter of the mixing chamber outlet is 5.0. The atomization cone angle increased by 23.07 % compared with the original model, and the fuel atomization circumferential distribution uniformity index decreased by 45.06 %. A new solution for the design of externally mixed air atomizing nozzles is provided.
Collecting Feedback From Neurologists and Patients to Guide Development of a Parkinson Disease App (DigiPark): Qualitative, Noninterventional Study
Authors: Duracinsky Martin , Brown Hajdukova Eva , Péretz Fabienne , Sauzin Julie , Gouider-Khouja Neziha , Atlani Caroline , Dalili Djamchid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Parkinson disease (PD) is a worldwide, fast-growing, progressive neurodegenerative condition. Its multifaceted clinical presentation includes a wide range of motor and nonmotor symptoms. Smartphones present a potential solution to better monitor and subsequently alleviate PD symptoms.

Objective
The aim of this study is to explore neurologists’ and patients’ needs and preferences regarding the design and functionality of a new smartphone app for PD, DigiPark.

Methods
This qualitative, noninterventional study gathered data through two primary methods: (1) by conducting interviews with 9 neurologists and (2) through a usability test including 5 patients with PD.

Results
The neurologists affirmed the necessity for a patient-centered app, highlighting the complexities of PD management. They advocated for personalized app functionalities to improve patients’ quality of life and emphasized the need for enhanced patient-provider communication. Feedback from the usability test indicated a preference for a clear, simple user interface, as well as elucidation of the app’s benefits. Concerns about the app’s time demands and the complexity of certain features like medication management were expressed. Furthermore, patients with PD consistently showed interest in features that could track and monitor their progress over time. This highlights the need to include clear benefits within the app to maintain user engagement and commitment.

Conclusions
Neurologists’ and patients’ feedback on the design and functionality of the app complement each other. Collaborative efforts in shaping the app should better address genuine PD management needs. Future clinical trial inclusion can further validate the efficacy of DigiPark.
Temporary Telemedicine Policy and Chronic Disease Management in South Korea: Retrospective Analysis Using National Claims Data
Authors: Kang Ji Ye , Jung Weon , Kim Hyun Ji , An Ji Hyun , Yoon Hee , Kim Taerim , Chang Hansol , Hwang Sung Yeon , Park Jong Eun , Lee Gun Tak , Cha Won Chul , Heo Sejin , Lee Se Uk 
Published: October 2024

Background
Since its introduction, telemedicine for patients with chronic diseases has been studied in various clinical settings. However, there is limited evidence of the effectiveness and medical safety of the nationwide adoption of telemedicine.

Objective
This study aimed to analyze the effects of telemedicine on chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic under a temporary telemedicine policy in South Korea using national claims data.

Methods
Health insurance claims data were extracted over 2 years: 1 year before (from February 24, 2019, to February 23, 2020) and 1 year after the policy was implemented (from February 24, 2020, to February 23, 2021). We included all patients who used telemedicine at least once in the first year after the policy was implemented and compared them with a control group of patients who never used telemedicine. The comparison focused on health care use; the medication possession ratio (MPR); and admission rates to general wards (GWs), emergency departments (EDs), and intensive care units (ICUs) using difference-in-differences analysis. A total of 4 chronic diseases were targeted: hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and common mental disorders.

Results
A total of 1,773,454 patients with hypertension; 795,869 patients with DM; 37,460 patients with COPD; and 167,084 patients with common mental disorders were analyzed in this study. Patients diagnosed with hypertension or DM showed increased MPRs without an increase in GW, ED, or ICU admission rates during the policy year. Moreover, patients in the DM group who did not use telemedicine had higher rates of ED, GW, and ICU admissions, and patients in the hypertension group had higher rates of GW or ICU admissions after 1 year of policy implementation. This trend was not evident in COPD and common mental disorders.

Conclusions
The temporary telemedicine policy was effective in increasing medication adherence and reducing admission rates for patients with hypertension and DM; however, the efficacy of the policy was limited for patients with COPD and common mental disorders. Future studies are required to demonstrate the long-term effects of telemedicine policies with various outcome measures reflecting disease characteristics.
Acceptance of Virtual Reality in Trainees Using a Technology Acceptance Model: Survey Study
Authors: Wang Ellen Y , Qian Daniel , Zhang Lijin , Li Brian S-K , Ko Brian , Khoury Michael , Renavikar Meghana , Ganesan Avani , Caruso Thomas J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Virtual reality (VR) technologies have demonstrated therapeutic usefulness across a variety of health care settings. However, graduate medical education (GME) trainee perspectives on VR acceptability and usability are limited. The behavioral intentions of GME trainees with regard to VR as an anxiolytic tool have not been characterized through a theoretical framework of technology adoption.

Objective
The primary aim of this study was to apply a hybrid Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and a United Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model to evaluate factors that predict the behavioral intentions of GME trainees to use VR for patient anxiolysis. The secondary aim was to assess the reliability of the TAM-UTAUT.

Methods
Participants were surveyed in June 2023. GME trainees participated in a VR experience used to reduce perioperative anxiety. Participants then completed a survey evaluating demographics, perceptions, attitudes, environmental factors, and behavioral intentions that influence the adoption of new technologies.

Results
In total, 202 of 1540 GME trainees participated. Only 198 participants were included in the final analysis (12.9% participation rate). Perceptions of usefulness, ease of use, and enjoyment; social influence; and facilitating conditions predicted intention to use VR. Age, past use, price willing to pay, and curiosity were less strong predictors of intention to use. All confirmatory factor analysis models demonstrated a good fit. All domain measurements demonstrated acceptable reliability.

Conclusions
This TAM-UTAUT demonstrated validity and reliability for predicting the behavioral intentions of GME trainees to use VR as a therapeutic anxiolytic in clinical practice. Social influence and facilitating conditions are modifiable factors that present opportunities to advance VR adoption, such as fostering exposure to new technologies and offering relevant training and social encouragement. Future investigations should study the model’s reliability within specialties in different geographic locations.
Regulatory Development, Adoption, and Perseverance of Real-world Evidence with global health authorities
Authors: Gandhi Sanyam , Saxena Kinshuk , Kartikeyan C , Tiwari Akhilesh , Jain Sachin , Jain Vikas , Pal Pradeep 
Published: October 2024

Real-world evidence (RWE) has gained significant attention as a valuable source of evidence in healthcare decision-making. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory development, adoption, and perseverance of RWE with global health authorities, as well as a synopsis of the major trends and practices among global health authorities. The aim is to shed light on the current landscape, and prospects of utilizing RWE in regulatory processes. Globally, many health authorities are drafting guidelines for RWE and implementing various regulations. Implementation is in the initial stages because RWE has certain limitations. This article examines the experiences of selected global health authorities in the development and implementation of RWE strategies. It also examines regulatory guidelines, pilot programmes, and collaborations designed to establish a solid foundation for the use of RWE. However, despite all challenges and limitations, RWE is widely being used in drug approval and commercial sense.
POLITIK TANAH: GERAKAN PERLAWANAN PAGUYUBAN PETANI LAHAN PANTAI KULON PROGO TERHADAP TANAH BERSTATUS PAKUALAM GROUND TAHUN 2016-2018
Authors: Mahadika Alam 
Published: October 2024

Titik fokus penelitian ini adalah gerakan perlawanan oleh Paguyuban Petani Lahan Pantai Kulon Progo. Sekelompok petani pantai yang diorganisir untuk melakukan gerakan sosial sebagai bentuk perlawnan para petani menolak adanya pertambangan oleh PT. Jogja Magasa Iron milik keluarga Kesultanan Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif pendekatan etnografi dengan jenis data primer yang didapat dengan wawancara dan observasi langsung dan data sekunder data yang didapat dari studi literatur. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyebutkan bahwa Paguyuban Petani Lahan Pantai Kulon Progo termasuk dalam 2 kategori yaitu Gerakan Sosial dan gerakan Reforma Agraria dan mengupas Daily Politics dalam organisasi tersebut. Mengkategorikan sebagai Gerakan Sosial dengan menggunakan beberapa indikator yakni: tantangan bersama; tujuan bersama; solidaritas kolektif dan identitas kolektife serta memelihara politik perlawanan. Dalam mengkategorikan sebagai gerakan Reforma Agraria berdasarkan apa yang diperjuangkan oleh organisasi tersebut. Dan terakhir adalah menganalisis Daily Politics dengan tema-tema politik.
DINAMIKA PERDAGANGAN SENJATA RINGAN INDONESIA DI KANCAH GLOBAL TAHUN 2014-2019
Authors: Yusro Muhammad Rizki , Harimurti Sigid 
Published: October 2024

Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk menganalisis perihal dinamika Indonesia dalam perdagangan senjata internasional. Perdagangan senjata terus-menerus memperlihatkan peningkatan secara gradual yang didorong oleh kepentingan ekonomi tiap negara selain daripada kepentingan keamanan. Perdagangan senjata jadi faktor penting dalam sumbangsihnya terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi lewat ekspor dan impor alutsista, kendati demikian menjadi menarik untuk mengetahui bagaimana dinamika perdagangan senjata Indonesia di kancah global dalam lingkup industri militer apakah dapat memfasilitasi tujuan utama Indonesia dalam perdagangan senjata internasional yaitu sebagai pemasok senjata terkemuka di dunia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Dalam melakukan penelitian ini agar mempermudah analisis, penulis menggunakan konsep Military Industrial Complex dengan metode penulisan berupa deskriptif analisis dan dalam proses Analisa dan interpretasi data digunakan proses reduksi data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Diakhir artikel ini, penulis menemukan bahwa dinamika keaktifan Indonesia dalam perdagangan senjata global masih didominasi oleh peran sebagai importir senjata, meskipun dengan seiring berjalannya waktu, Indonesia terus menunjukan perkembangan perihal pengimplementasian tujuan untuk menjadi negara eksportir senjata terkemuka di dunia. Namun, terlepas dari fakta tersebut, terdapat beberapa permasalahan utama yang perlu dihadapi Indonesia yakni terkait dengan perlu adanya perubahan structural dalam tiga pilar utama industry pertahanan, alokasi anggaran pertahanan di bidang penelitian dan pengembangan, serta kolaborasi dalam melakukan pengembangan industry pertahanan.

Kata Kunci: Perdagangan Senjata, Military Industrial Complex, Strategi Pertahanan Semesta
The Persengketaan Laut Mediterania Rivalitas Turki-Yunani
Authors: Yoel Grevildo Austhin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRAK
Pada artikel ini, penulis berusaha mengkaji persengketaan laut Mediterania yang disengketakan oleh Turki dan Yunani sejak ketegangan kedua belah pihak meningkat pada Agustus tahun 2020, di mana pihak Turki mengutus kapal untuk melakukan ekplorasi di Timur perairan Mediterania yang diklaim oleh Yunani. Untuk mengkaji isu ini penulis menggunakan teori neorealisme yang dikemukakan oleh Kenneth Waltz mengenai struktur sistem internasional. Kemudian penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif yakni, penulis berusaha menjabarkan pada pembahasan secara deskriptif dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis berbagai literatur yang terkait dengan persengketaan yang terjadi. Dan untuk bagian kesimpulan penulis berusaha menjawab pertanyaan penelitian yang ada yakni bagaimana persengketaan Mediterania dapat terjadi dan apakah ada upaya negosiasi berhasil untuk meredam eskalasi konflik ini?. Penulis berharap agar paper ini dapat memberikan kontribusi terutama dalam persoalan keamanan dan negosiasi untuk menciptakan dunia yang lebih kondusif melalui analisis struktur internasional yang bersifat anarkis sehingga negara akan bertindak baik mengejar maupun melindungi kepentingannya dalam konteks kedaulatan di mana negara mempertahankan keberadaannya.

Kata Kunci: Neorealisme; Mediterania; Turki-Yunani
SOSIALISASI KARAKTER ANAK JALANAN DALAM MEMBENTUK PANDANGAN BERPOLITIK
Authors: Salim Hisyamuddin 
Published: October 2024

Tindakan pidana dan kejahatan sering terjadi di Indonesia. Seperti contohnya kasus korupsi di negara Indonesia yang hingga saat ini masih menjadi permasalahan serius di Indonesia diperlukan penanganan dan tindakan yang tegas untuk kasus ini. Selain itu banyak kasus kejahatan seperti pencurian, pembunuhan, pencabulan, dan lain-lain. Tindakan tersebut dilatar belakangi oleh faktor internal yaitu dari dalam diri individu dan faktor eksternal yang dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan sekitarnya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dengan pihak terkait, dan dokumentasi. Tujuan penulis mengangkat topik ini adalah untuk mengenalkan tentang pengembangan dan penanaman karakter agar tindakan pidana di Indonesia dapat berkurang dan mendapat perhatian yang tegas dan adil. Fokus pembahasan ini adalah kepada anak jalanan dimana mereka memiliki perekonomian yang kurang untuk memperoleh pendidikan yang layak. Oleh karena itu pengenalan tentang karakter ini haruslah diajarkan bukan hanya pada mereka yang berada di sekolah saja tetapi juga kepada anak-anak jalanan yang memiliki keterbatasan dalam memperoleh pendidikan. Sehingga anak jalanan dapat terhindar dari tindakan pidana maupun kejahatan, serta menyiapkan pandangan berpolitik seperti mengajarkan kepada mereka tentang berani menyampaikan pendapat, jujur, berani bertanggung jawab, dan lain-lain.
IMPLEMENTASI DEVELOPMENTAL STATE INDIA DALAM MENGHADAPI PATEN TRIPS DAN STRATEGI RANBAXY LAB. DALAM PERSAINGAN GLOBAL
Authors: Arisanto Puguh Toko 
Published: October 2024

India is hailed as one of the pharmaceutical countries for the largest generic drug in the world. India's success in the global pharmaceutical competition cannot be separated from India's efforts to adopt a developmental state scheme which Indian government has significant roles in the sustainability of domestic pharmaceutical industries through policies that benefit the domestic pharmaceutical industries. This paper will explore the implementation of Indian developmental state in dealing with TRIPs agreements and Strategies of Ranbaxy (as big domestic company that derived impacts from favorable domestic policies) in global competition through entry mode selection and location choice.
Key Words : Developmental State, favorable policies, entry mode selection, location choice.
India adalah salah satu negara farmasi untuk obat generik terbesar di dunia saat ini. Keberhasilan India dalam dunia farmasi tidak lepas dari upaya India dalam mengimplementasikan skema developmental state dimana pemerintah India memiliki peran besar terhadap keberlangsungan industri farmasi domestik melalui favorable policies atau kebijakan-kebijakan yang menguntungkan industri farmasi domestik. Tulisan ini akan mengeksplorasi implementasi developmental state India dalam menghadapi perjanjian TRIPs dan strategi Ranbaxy sebagai perusahaan yang mendapatkan dampak favorable policies dalam persaingan global melalui entry mode selection dan location choice.
Kata Kunci : Developmental State, favorable policies, entry mode selection, location choice.