bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Terminal airspace sector capacity estimation method based on the ATC dynamical model
Authors: Zhang Ming , Shan Le , Zhang Ming , Liu Kai , Yu Hui , Yu Jue 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– Air traffic resources mainly include two parts, namely, air traffic controller (ATC) and physical system resources, such as airspace. Reasonable assessment and effective management of ATC and airspace resources are the premise and foundation of ensuring the safety and efficiency of air traffic management systems. The previous studies focussed on subjective workload control and the statistics of control communication time; they revealed the lack of kinetic universality analyses of controlling actions. Although frequency distribution patterns were generated by controlling the timing sequence, the correlation between the controlling actions and terminal airspace (TMA) sector capacity was not revealed. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Thus, given the immeasurable complexity of controlling actions and statistical features of the controlling communications, a dynamical model of ATC was built in this study to identify the frequency distribution patterns generated by controlling the timing sequence. With the Directorate of Operational and Analysis Task method, TMA sector capacity was estimated through multiple linear regression analysis.

Findings
– With data from the Kunming sector, the power exponent was calculated as 2.55, and the mathematical expectation was determined to be 47.21 s. The correlation between controlling actions (workload) and sector capacity was obtained. Finally, the data were integrated in the verification of the model and its feasibility.

Originality/value
– Airspace capacity is an index to measure the ability of the airspace system to deliver services to meet the air traffic demand. A scientific and accurate forecast of airspace capacity is a foundation of the effective management and rational allocation of the airspace resources. The study is of great significance for the efficient use of airspace resources, controller resources.
Toward a rational and sustainable division of labor for the preservation of knowledge
Authors: Reilly Bernard F 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a rational and sustainable division of labor between national libraries and the information industry for the preservation of knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper is a based on remarks presented by the author at the 25th Anniversary Conference of the National Repository Library of Finland, held in Kuopio on May 21-22, 2015.

Findings
– Crafting a useful new role for libraries will require imagination and curatorial rigor, capabilities that the industry has found in the past, and can summon once again. No templates for such a role exist, but must be newly invented by the current generation of librarians. This is a tall order in an era of diminishing public funding for libraries and archives. But it will be essential if libraries are to continue to be key institutions of civil society.

Originality/value
– There are formidable challenges to ensuring a rational and sustainable division of labor for the preservation of knowledge and many of those challenges will not be solved by new technologies alone. But the discussion needs to move beyond dated, late twentieth century strategies like mass digitization of books and “web archiving”.
A series of new organic sensitisers for dye-sensitised solar cells
Authors: Hosseinnezhad Mozhgan 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
Dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted a great deal of interest. Dye molecules are key materials in DSSCs that produce electrons. This study reports on synthesis of the organic dyes and investigation their performance in DSSCs.

Design/methodology/approach
A series of new organic dyes were prepared using double rhodanine as the fundamental electron-acceptor group and aldehydes with varying substituents as the electron-donor groups. These dyes were first purified and then characterised by analytical techniques. DSSCs were fabricated to determine the photovoltaic behaviour and conversion efficiency of each individual dye.

Findings
Results demonstrated that all the dyes form j-type aggregates on the nano TiO2. All dyes in DSSC structure show suitable power conversion efficiency, and Dye 5 due to presence of OCH3 and OiPr presents maximum conversion efficiency.

Practical implications
In the search for high-efficiency organic dyes for DSSCs, development of new materials offering optimised photochemical stabilities as well as suitable optical and electrical properties is importance.

Social implications
Organic dyes as photosensitisers are interesting due to low cost, relatively facile dye synthesis and capability of easy molecular tailoring.

Originality/value
A series of new organic metal-free dyes were prepared as sensitisers for DSSCs for the first time.
A simple approach for the synthesis of coumarin fluorescent dyes under microwave irradiation and their application in textile printing
Authors: Elgemeie G.H. , Ahmed K.A. , Ahmed E.A. , Helal M.H. , Masoud D.M. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to successfully implement microwave irradiation for the rapid synthesis of novel fluorescent dyes. The prepared dyes are then applied for printing of polyester and polyamide by silk screen printing process.

Design/methodology/approach
A series of new N′-(methylene)-2-imino-2H-chromene-3-carbohydrazide derivatives 3a–r were synthesised in excellent yield and high atom economy by the Knoevenagel condensation of salicylaldehyde derivatives 1 and cyano-N′-methyleneaceto-hydrazide derivatives 2 in the presence of piperidine catalyst. The optical properties of the synthesised compounds were recorded; all of the compounds were found to be fluorescent in 1, 4-dioxane solution; they all emitted blue light (440-460 nm). This work shows that the optical properties strongly depend on the nature of the substituent, and indicate which type of substituent is favourable for a given application. It confirms that iminocoumarin derivatives could lead to a new generation of fluorescent probes, prone to easy modification of their chemical structure. These synthesised dyes are used to print polyester and polyamide fabrics using synthetic thickener in the printing paste for silk screen technique.

Findings
The structures of synthesised dyes were established and confirmed for the reaction products on the basis of their elemental analysis and spectral data (MS, IR and 1H-NMR). The suitability of the prepared dyestuffs for traditional printing on polyester and polyamide fabrics has been investigated. The prints obtained using the synthesised dyes were found to possess high colour strength and excellent overall fastness properties but relatively low light fastness.

Research limitations/implications
The synthesised fluorescent dyes were prepared by a simple reaction process in microwave. The optical properties for obtained dyes show include the fact that it will have various important applications. In addition, they were used for printing synthetic fabrics and were found to have good results.

Practical implications
The new fluorescent dyes’ system has excellent printing properties. Also they are superior in terms of yield, purity, colour strength and fastness properties which may lend them valuable commercial production.

Originality/value
The result of this work aimed to define the scope and limitation of the procedures for the synthesis of novel iminocoumarin dyes via a simple and economic way.
Health literacy education: the impact of synchronous instruction
Authors: Lantzy Tricia 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the integration of librarian-led health literacy instruction into an undergraduate course, focusing specifically on how the method of instruction impacts learning outcomes and self-reported confidence levels in completing a course assignment. Undergraduate students struggle to critically evaluate online health information in an increasingly diffuse information landscape. Assessing the success of different instructional techniques aimed at building these abilities can guide pedagogical choices and provide new opportunities to increase health literacy skills in a variety of library user populations.

Design/methodology/approach
A quasi-experimental research design with pre- and post-tests and a participant survey was used to compare one-shot information literacy instruction techniques in two hybrid sections of a kinesiology course. One class received a traditional, face-to-face librarian-led session and the other a synchronous online instructional session through web conferencing.

Findings
There were no significant differences in student learning between the in-person and online groups. Students in both conditions demonstrated an extremely significant increase from pre-test to post-test scores, suggesting that librarian-led instruction in either format can lead to substantial learning of online health literacy skills. Survey results showed no significant differences in confidence levels following instruction and suggest that both methods of instruction provide a positive learning experience for students.

Originality/value
This study provides evidence that synchronous online instruction can be as effective as face-to-face instruction in teaching students to evaluate health-related information resources. These findings are valuable for librarians in a variety of settings who are considering providing health literacy education in an online environment.
Transformational leadership and employee turnover intention
Authors: Gyensare Michael Asiedu , Anku-Tsede Olivia , Sanda Mohammed-Aminu , Okpoti Christopher Adjei 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on employee turnover intention through the mediating role of affective commitment.Design/methodology/approach– The study examines conceptual relationships in the Ghanaian context, based on structural equation modelling with maximum likelihood estimation, using sample employees from the private sector organizations. In addition, the mediation analysis is conducted with Sobel’s test and 95 per cent CI bootstrap analysis.Findings– The study shows that affective commitment would decline workers’ quitting intention and serves to promote a degree of trust and willingness to follow their leaders’ philosophy, ideology, vision and guidance in the organization. Hence, affective commitment fully mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and employee turnover intention.Practical implications– To help lessen employees quitting intentions, both middle and top-level managers should endeavour to create an atmosphere of trust, admiration, loyalty and respect for their employees.Originality/value– Overall it is shown that affective commitment was the mechanism through which transformational leadership influences employees’ turnover intentions in the SLCs in Ghana.
Numerical upscaling of frequency‐dependent P‐ and S‐wave moduli in fractured porous media
Authors: Caspari Eva , Milani Marco , Rubino J. Germán , Müller Tobias M. , Quintal Beatriz , Holliger Klaus 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTRelating seismic attributes to the characteristics of mesoscopic fractures is inherently challenging, yet these heterogeneities tend to dominate the mechanical and hydraulic properties of the medium. Analytical approaches linking the effects of material properties on seismic attributes, such as attenuation and velocity dispersion, tend to be limited to simple geometries, low fracture densities, and/or non‐interacting fractures. Furthermore, the influence of fluid flow within interconnected fractures on P‐wave and S‐wave attenuation is difficult to accommodate in analytical models. One way to overcome these limitations is through numerical upscaling. In this paper, we apply a numerical upscaling approach based on the theory of quasi‐static poroelasticity to fluid‐saturated porous media containing randomly distributed horizontal and vertical fractures. The inferred frequency‐dependent elastic moduli represent the effective behaviour of the underlying fractured medium if the considered sub‐volume has at least the size of a representative elementary volume. We adapt a combined statistical and numerical approach originally proposed for elastic composites to explore wether the overall statistical properties of simple fracture networks can be captured by computationally feasible representative‐elementary‐volume sizes. Our results indicate that, for the considered scenarios, this is indeed possible and thus represent an important first step towards the estimation of frequency‐dependent effective moduli of realistic fracture networks.
Are changes in time‐lapse seismic data due to fluid substitution or rock dissolution? A CO2 sequestration feasibility study at the Pohokura Field, New Zealand
Authors: Sim Cheng Yii , Adam Ludmila 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTSeismic methods are commonly used to monitor the subsurface when carbon dioxide (CO2) is injected into a reservoir. Besides fluid saturation and pressure changes, CO2–water mixtures may cause rock alteration. In this petrophysical study, we compare the elastic property changes due to fluid replacement and those due to mineral dissolution for carbonate‐cemented sandstones at the Pohokura Field, New Zealand. We quantify the effects of fluid substitution from fully brine to fully supercritical CO2 saturation and carbonate cement dissolution on the seismic signatures of the reservoir rocks by combining laboratory results, petrographic analyses, and geophysical well log data. We conclude that elastic property changes due to mineral dissolution are significantly greater than those due to fluid substitution alone. The northern part of the Pohokura Field has coarser‐grained sandstones, which experience the largest changes in wave speeds. Our hypothesis is that these changes result from carbonate cement dissolution in the presence of CO2–water–sandstone reactions. If time‐lapse seismic data were to be acquired in this field, the northern area could show P‐wave velocity reductions of up to 20% and a 131.7% increase in seismic amplitude from a brine‐saturated rock to an altered, fully CO2‐saturated rock. In comparison, the southern part of the field, where sandstones are mostly fine‐grained, we expect a P‐wave velocity decrease of 6% if such dissolution process took place. Finally, we show that the elastic properties of the reservoir rocks can be described with the constant‐cement model. The model is used to predict that the dissolution process reduces the volume of grain contact cement, on average, from 2.5% to 1.75% of the total rock mineral volume. Our analysis suggests that changes to the rock frame, which includes carbonate minerals, cannot be ignored for a CO2 injection scenario.
Constipation, fiber intake and non‐compliance contribute to inadequate colonoscopy bowel preparation: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Fang Jun , Fu Hong Yu , Ma Dan , Wang Dong , Liu Ya Ping , Wang Yun Feng , Zhu Chun Ping , Qian Wei , Bai Yu , Li Zhao Shen 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveAdequate bowel preparation is important for colonoscopy. Currently available evidence on the determinants of poor bowel preparation is largely derived from studies in Western countries. We aimed to identify the risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the Chinese population.MethodsIn this single‐center study, patients admitted to the Outpatient Department between March 2013 and December 2015 and had indications for colonoscopy were prospectively enrolled. Questionnaires were administered to the patients. Their characteristics and procedure‐related parameters such as procedure time were recorded. Bowel preparation was assessed using Boston bowel preparation scale score.ResultsA total of 409 patients with a mean age of 48.8 ± 12.9 years were enrolled in the study, 60.9% of whom were men. On univariate analysis, poor educational level (P = 0.020), chronic constipation (P = 0.001), taking no physical exercise after medication (P < 0.001), a high‐fiber diet during the 24‐h period immediately preceding the colonoscopy (P < 0.001), incomplete intake of medication (P < 0.001), the passage of yellow or dark stools before colonoscopy (P < 0.001), waiting time (P = 0.001) and stool frequency after medication (P = 0.048) were significantly associated with inadequate bowel preparation. On multivariate analysis, chronic constipation [odds ratio (OR) 2.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31–3.23, P = 0.002], incomplete intake of the medication (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.47–5.21, P = 0.002) and a high‐fiber diet within 24 h before colonoscopy (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.40–3.28, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation.ConclusionsChronic constipation, poor compliance with treatment and high‐fiber diet were predictors of poor bowel preparation. Patients with these risk factors require more effective strategies for bowel preparation.
Uneven Development and Scale Politics in Southern Africa: What We Learn from Neil Smith
Authors: Bond Patrick , Ruiters Greg 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSouthern Africa is probably the most unevenly developed region on earth, combining the most modern technologies and an advanced working class with the world's extremes of inequality and social militancy. The two most extreme countries, both with settler–colonial populations and accumulation processes that created durable class/race/gender distortions and extreme environmental degradation, are South Africa and Zimbabwe—both of which Neil Smith visited in 1995. His contribution to our understanding of political economy, before and after, was exemplary. We consider in this article how Smith's theory assisted in the understanding of crisis‐ridden financial markets within the framework of capital overaccumulation and intensified spatial unevenness; the politics of scale, difference and community; and the ways that class apartheid and durable racism in the two countries together fit within contemporary geopolitical economy.
Dual tumor‐suppressors miR‐139‐5p and miR‐139‐3p targeting matrix metalloprotease 11 in bladder cancer
Authors: Yonemori Masaya , Seki Naohiko , Yoshino Hirofumi , Matsushita Ryosuke , Miyamoto Kazutaka , Nakagawa Masayuki , Enokida Hideki 
Published: June 2016

Our recent study of the microRNA (miRNA) expression signature of bladder cancer (BC) by deep‐sequencing revealed that two miRNA, microRNA‐139‐5p/microRNA‐139‐3p were significantly downregulated in BC tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the functional roles of these miRNA and their modulation of cancer networks in BC cells. Functional assays of BC cells were performed using transfection of mature miRNA or small interfering RNA (siRNA). Genome‐wide gene expression analysis, in silico analysis and dual‐luciferase reporter assays were applied to identify miRNA targets. The associations between the expression of miRNA and its targets and overall survival were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Gain‐of‐function studies showed that miR‐139‐5p and miR‐139‐3p significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion by BC cells. The matrix metalloprotease 11 gene (MMP11) was identified as a direct target of miR‐139‐5p and miR‐139‐3p. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that higher expression of MMP11 predicted shorter survival of BC patients (P = 0.029). Downregulated miR‐139‐5p or miR‐139‐3p enhanced BC cell migration and invasion in BC cells. MMP11 was directly regulated by these miRNA and might be a good prognostic marker for survival of BC patients.
Visualizing Group Structures in Graphs: A Survey
Authors: Vehlow Corinna , Beck Fabian , Weiskopf Daniel 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGraph visualizations encode relationships between objects. Abstracting the objects into group structures provides an overview of the data. Groups can be disjoint or overlapping, and might be organized hierarchically. However, the underlying graph still needs to be represented for analyzing the data in more depth. This work surveys research in visualizing group structures as part of graph diagrams. A particular focus is the explicit visual encoding of groups, rather than only using graph layout to indicate groups implicitly. We introduce a taxonomy of visualization techniques structuring the field into four main categories: visual node attributes vary properties of the node representation to encode the grouping, juxtaposed approaches use two separate visualizations, superimposed techniques work with two aligned visual layers, and embedded visualizations tightly integrate group and graph representation. The derived taxonomies for group structure and visualization types are also applied to group visualizations of edges. We survey group‐only, group–node, group–edge and group–network tasks that are described in the literature as use cases of group visualizations. We discuss results from evaluations of existing visualization techniques as well as main areas of application. Finally, we report future challenges based on interviews we conducted with leading researchers of the field.
The effect of rigid and non‐rigid connections between implants and teeth on biological and technical complications: a systematic review and a meta‐analysis
Authors: Tsaousoglou Phoebus , Michalakis Konstantinos , Kang Kiho , Weber Hans‐Peter , Sculean Anton 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo assess survival, as well as technical and biological complication rates of partial fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) supported by implants and teeth.MethodAn electronic Medline search was conducted to identify articles, published in dental journals from January 1980 to August 2015, reporting on partial FDPs supported by implants and teeth. The search terms were categorized into four groups comprising the PICO question. Manual searches of published full‐text articles and related reviews were also performed.ResultsThe initial database search produced 3587 relevant titles. Three hundred and eighty‐six articles were retrieved for abstract review, while 39 articles were selected for full‐text review. A total of 10 studies were selected for inclusion. Overall survival rate for implants ranged between 90% and 100%, after follow‐up periods with a mean range of 18–120 months. The survival of the abutment teeth was 94.1–100%, while the prostheses survival was 85–100% for the same time period. The most frequent complications were “periapical lesions” (11.53%). The most frequent technical complication was “porcelain occlusal fracture” (16.6%), followed by “screw loosening” (15%). According to the meta‐analysis, no intrusion was noted on the rigid connection group, while five teeth (8.19%) were intruded in the non‐rigid connection group [95% CI (0.013–0.151)].ConclusionThe tooth–implant FDP seems to be a possible alternative to an implant‐supported FDP. There is limited evidence that rigid connection between teeth and implants presents better results when compared with the non‐rigid one. The major drawback of non‐rigidly connected FDPs is tooth intrusion.