bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preclinical metabolism and metabolic drug–drug interaction profile of pedunculoside and rotundic acid
Authors: Wu Liang , Dong Linling , Zhou Zhu , Wang Xin , Lin Yujie , Shi Xuesong , Wang Peijing , Xu Suocheng , Fang Zhiyi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPedunculoside and rotundic acid, the most abundant components in plants of the genus Ilex L. (Aquifoliaceae), exhibit biological and pharmacological significance in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, there have been few studies on their metabolism. This study performed a systematic metabolism study of pedunculoside and rotundic acid and evaluated their potential for herb–drug interaction. Pedunculoside or rotundic acid was incubated with human liver microsomes and recombinant human metabolic enzymes, and analyzed using LC‐Q‐TOF/MS and LC–MS/MS. Pedunculoside was found to be the most stable in human liver microsomes, whereas rotundic acid was easily metabolized. Eight pedunculoside metabolites and six rotundic acid metabolites were detected and tentatively identified through hydroxylation, glucuronidation, acetylation, and glucose conjugation. Hydroxylation of pedunculoside is mainly catalyzed by CYP3A4/5 and partly by CYP2C8. Hydroxylation of rotundic acid is almost exclusively catalyzed by CYP3A4/5, and its glucuronidation reaction is mediated by UGT1A4. Neither pedunculoside nor rotundic acid showed CYP inhibition (IC50 values > 50 μM) with the probe substrates of major CYP isoforms during incubation with human liver microsomes. This study is the first investigation into the in vitro metabolism of pedunculoside and rotundic acid using human liver microsomes. It also aims to assess their potential as perpetrators of drug–drug interactions involving CYP enzymes. The comprehensive metabolism and drug interaction studies of pedunculoside and rotundic acid enable us to evaluate and manage potential risks with their use in pharmacotherapy.
Kombination aus sekundärer Wundheilung und Dehnungsplastik zur Deckung großer Gesichtsdefekte
Authors: Arif Nawa , Baumann Lara , Felcht Moritz 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungSeit mehr als 200 Jahren ist die Technik der sekundären Wundheilung eine fest etablierte Methode für den Verschluss von Wunddefekten. In der Leiter der plastischen Rekonstruktion ist sie die einfachste aller Wundverschlusstechniken. Der Direktverschluss mittels Dehnungsplastik wird als zweiteinfachste Methode angesehen. Die Kombination aus diesen beiden Techniken ist bereits jetzt fester Bestandteil bei speziellen Eingriffen wie beispielsweise der Hebedefektdeckung beim paramedianen Stirnlappen.Die Übersichtsarbeit wird zeigen, dass diese Kombinationstechnik auch für andere ästhetische Regionen im Gesichtsbereich eine gute Alternative zu komplexeren Lappenplastiken sein kann. Dies sind die Kopfhaut, die laterale Wangenregion (präaurikulär), der obere Nasenabhang/mediale Augeninnenwinkel und die retroaurikuläre Region. Die Vor‐ und Nachteile dieser Kombinationstechnik werden anhand klinischer Beispiele diskutiert.
Epidemiologischer Überblick mukokutaner Pilzinfektionen in München
Authors: Hoffmann Liv C. , Reinholz Markus , French Lars E. , Sárdy Miklós , Wollenberg Andreas , Kerschnitzki Annette , Horváth Orsolya N. 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielKenntnisse über das aktuelle Spektrum von Dermatomykosen sind für die Diagnose und Therapie wichtig.Patienten und MethodikEs wurde eine retrospektive, monozentrische Analyse von mukokutanen Pilzinfektionen durchgeführt, die in einer großen europäischen akademischen dermatologischen Abteilung in München diagnostiziert wurden; 87 229 Proben von 48 916 Patienten vom 1. Januar 2011 bis zum 30. August 2020 wurden einbezogen.ErgebnissePilze wurden in 11 513 Proben von 48 916 (23,54%) nachgewiesen, und es wurden 36 verschiedene Arten identifiziert. Candida (C.) albicans war der häufigste Erreger (5055 Nachweise; 43,91% aller positiven Proben), gefolgt von Trichophyton (T.) rubrum (3076 Nachweise; 26,72% aller positiven Proben) und C. parapsilosis (923 Nachweise; 8,02% aller positiven Proben). Auch seltene Erreger wie T. raubitschekii wurden nachgewiesen. Mischinfektionen mit mehreren Arten wurden in 44 Fällen festgestellt.SchlussfolgerungenObwohl C. albicans, T. rubrum und C. parapsilosis als die häufigsten Erreger bestätigt wurden, sollten auch seltene Erreger in der klinischen Praxis berücksichtigt werden. Das vorherrschende Spektrum der Pilze unterschied sich von dem in anderen Ländern berichteten. Darüber hinaus konnte je nach Altersgruppe und Körperstelle ein Unterschied im Erregerspektrum beobachtet werden.
Size and Function of the Right Atrium in Healthy Children by Three‐Dimensional Echocardiography
Authors: Haughian Brendan , Jone Pei‐Ni , Le Lisa , Khoo Nee Scze , Colen Timothy , Vetten Zoe , Eckersley Luke 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeRight atrial volume (RAV) and function have proven prognostic value in the assessment of cardiac disease and may be more accurately assessed using three‐dimensional echocardiography (3DE). Normal 3DE reference values for the right atrial (RA) volume and function in healthy children have not yet been published. Furthermore, current methods of indexing cardiac measurements to body surface area (BSA) alone may be insufficient. We aimed to develop reference values for 3DE‐derived RAV and function in the pediatric population, to provide a comparison of regression methods using BSA, height, weight, and sex, and to compare 3DE values to two‐dimensional echocardiography (2DE) derived volumes.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 187 3DE datasets acquired for a multi‐center study on healthy children at two international centers. 3DE volumes were measured with vendor‐agnostic software (Tomtec), and 2DE endo‐diastolic volume (EDV) using the area‐length single‐plane approach. Regression curve‐fitting of height (Ht), weight (Wt), BSA, and sex were explored to optimize Pearson coefficient and homoscedasticity.ResultsThe relationship of 3DE RAVs to BSA alone was heteroscedastic, with a residual positive relationship on indexing (R2 = 0.2506). Optimal regression of Ln (Volume) = b0 + x*Ln (Ht) + y*Ln (Wt) + z*Sex was homoscedastic. Total RA emptying fraction (EF) did not vary across age or sex, however active and passive emptying was best fit by a spline curve with a knot at approximately BSA = 1 m2. Strong agreement with 2DE‐derived EDV was present (r2 = 0.83).ConclusionWe provide reference values for RA size and function in the pediatric population and provide a comparison of methods for indexing these values.
Leveraging Multi‐Omics Approaches and Advanced Technologies to Unravel the Molecular Complexities, Modifiers, and Precision Medicine Strategies for Hemoglobin H Disease
Authors: Pahelkar Akshata , Sharma Deep , Vohra Payaam , Sawant Sayli 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHemoglobin H (HbH) disease, a form of alpha‐thalassemia, poses significant clinical challenges due to its complex molecular underpinnings. It is characterized by reduced synthesis of the alpha‐globin chain. The integration of multi‐omics and precision medicine holds immense potential to comprehensively understand and capture interactions at the molecular and genetic levels. This review integrates current multi‐omics approaches and advanced technologies in HbH research. Furthermore, it delves into detailed pathophysiology and possible therapeutics in the upcoming future. We explore the role of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics studies, alongside bioinformatics tools and gene‐editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9, to identify genetic modifiers, decipher molecular pathways, and discover therapeutic targets. Recent advancements are unveiling novel genetic and epigenetic modifiers impacting HbH disease severity, paving the way for personalized precision medicine interventions. The significance of multi‐omics research in unraveling the complexities of rare diseases like HbH is underscored, highlighting its potential to revolutionize clinical practice through precision medicine approaches. This paradigm shift can pave the way for a deeper understanding of HbH complexities and improved disease management.
Infusion Reactions With Alternative Therapies During the National Shortage of Iron Dextran
Authors: Jacob Brigid , Jamil Maria , Raslan Shahm , Springer Kylie , Nasser Zeinab , Kuriakose Philip 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPrior to the national shortage of iron dextran in early 2023, it was the most commonly administered intravenous iron infusion at our institution. After the shortage impacted the health system, alternatives such as iron sucrose and sodium ferric gluconate/sucrose were required that utilized lower doses given at more frequent patient visits. Coinciding with their more prevalent use, an increase in iron infusion reactions was observed. Our study analyzed 880 patients who received iron infusions in three Henry Ford Hospital clinics in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan, from July 2022–June 2023. The 74 reactions that occurred were most commonly associated with iron sucrose at the 500 mg dose (41/74, 55.41%, p < 0.0001). Most reactions observed across all iron formulations and doses were mild, with 83.7% being Grade 0 or 1 as defined by the United States Drug Allergy Registry (USDAR) grading scale for immediate reactions. Patients who experienced an infusion reaction were less likely to complete their infusion plans (OR 0.004 for iron dextran, OR 0.128 for iron sucrose, p < 0.0001), with infusions most commonly being completely discontinued thereafter, with a minority pursuing alternative options. More patients with lower number of doses scheduled for iron dextran completed their infusion schedules than those with more doses, but the opposite was seen for iron sucrose. We assessed the impact of the national shortage of iron dextran examining infusion reactions with various iron infusions and doses.
Genetic contribution to sleep homeostasis in early adolescence
Authors: Markovic Andjela , Rusterholz Thomas , Achermann Peter , Kaess Michael , Tarokh Leila 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe sleep homeostatic process in adults is moderately stable over time and unique to an individual. Work in transgenic mice has suggested a role of genes in sleep homeostasis. The current study quantified the genetic contribution to sleep homeostasis in adolescence. We use slow wave energy (SWE) as a metric for sleep pressure dissipation during sleep. This measure reflects both sleep intensity and duration. High‐density (58 derivations) sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in 14 monozygotic and 12 dizygotic adolescent twin pairs (mean age = 13.2 years; standard deviation [SD] = 1.1; 20 females). SWE at the end of sleep was quantified as the cumulative delta power (1–4.6 Hz) over the night. We also examined the time constant of the decay and the level of slow wave activity (SWA) at the beginning of the sleep episode. Structural equation modelling was used to quantify the amount of variance in SWE and the dissipation of sleep pressure due to genes. We found that most (mean = 76% across EEG derivations) of the variance in SWE was due to genes. In contrast, genes had a small (mean = 33%) influence on the rate of dissipation of sleep pressure, and this measure was largely (mean = 67%) driven by environmental factors unique to each twin. Our results show that the amount of dissipated sleep pressure is largely under genetic control; however, the rate of sleep pressure dissipation is largely due to unique environmental factors. Our findings are in line with research in animals and suggest that the heritability of the rate of sleep pressure dissipation is limited.
Single cell transcriptomics reveals dysregulated immnue homeostasis in different stages in HPV‐induced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ding Liqing , Peng Lanyuan , Huang Kai , Qu Shunlin , Li Dongjie , Yao Jianhua , Yang Fan , Zhu Honglin , Zhao Shuang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn order to explore the huge impact of impaired immnue homeostasis on the occurrence and development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), and investigate characterization of the cellular components and their changes which is crucial to understanding the pathologic process of HPV‐induced cSCC, we diagnosed and followed up on a very rare HPV‐induced cSCC patient who progressed at a very fast rate and transferred to death quickly. We performed single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) of 11 379 cells from the skin tissues of this patient with four different skin statuses after HPV infection. Immunofluorescence experiments were used for validation. scRNA‐seq identified that CD52+ HLA‐DOA‐ macrophages only existed in paracancerous cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (pc‐cSCC) and cSCC tissue. Besides, immune cells including CD8+ exhausted T cells and CD4+ regulatory T cells as well as matrix cells like MMP1+, and MMP11+ fibroblasts were gradually increased. Meanwhile, COMP+ ASPN+ fibroblasts gradually decreased. Cell interaction analysis revealed enhancement in interactions between monocytes/macrophages, fibroblasts and tumour‐specific keratinocytes. scRNA‐seq was performed in HPV‐induced cSCC for the first time, to explore the correlation between infection and tumour. It is the first time to study the development of tumours from different stages of infection in HPV‐induced cSCC. In this study, the tumour itself and the tumour microenvironment were both analysed and explored. And it was validated in clinical samples from different patients. Our findings reveal the dynamic immnue homeostasis from normal skin to cSCC tissue, this alteration might drive HPV‐induced cSCC.
A Meta‐Analysis of Bycatch Mitigation Methods for Sea Turtles Vulnerable to Swordfish and Tuna Longline Fisheries
Authors: Yan Hao , Zhou Cheng , Gilman Eric , Cao Jie , Wan Rong , Zhang Fan , Zhu Jiangfeng , Xu Liuxiong , Song Liming , Dai Xiaojie , Tian Siquan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTFisheries bycatch poses one of the most significant threats to sea turtles. Although various methodologies have been developed to mitigate sea turtle bycatch in swordfish and tuna longline fisheries, the effectiveness and interactions remain uncertain. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive meta‐analysis, encompassing 41 studies focused on sea turtles and 36 studies on tunas, swordfish and sharks, all derived from well‐controlled experimental research in swordfish and tuna longline fisheries. The objective was to systematically evaluate the relative effectiveness of species‐specific mitigation strategies for sea turtles, particularly examining the impact of circle hooks and fish bait as alternatives to conventional longline fishing practices. While a nuanced hierarchy, characterised by species‐specific patterns, was observed among the mitigation measures, circle hooks demonstrated great promise in reducing bycatch of loggerhead, olive ridley and leatherback turtles, with minimal impact on the catch rates of tuna, swordfish and sharks. We highlighted the broader applicability of fish bait in minimising sea turtle bycatch, noting that the effectiveness of bait may overlap with that of hooks, potentially making the additional benefits of the hooks less evident. The study also revealed regional variations in the effectiveness of these methods, emphasising the need for more detailed data collection. Given current data limitations that restrict extensive meta‐analyses, a series of small‐sample studies with promising innovations, exemplified by circle hooks with a wire appendage and blue‐white lights, necessitates in‐depth investigation and field tests.
Development of the Japanese version of the Mobile Device Proficiency Questionnaire: A cross‐sectional validation study
Authors: Shimokihara Suguru , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Boot Walter R , Nagata Yuma , Nakai Shunsuke , Tenjin Masahiro , Tabira Takayuki 
Published: October 2024

AimIn response to the growing popularity of mobile devices among older adults in Japan, this study aimed to establish a reliable and valid measure of mobile device proficiency by developing a Japanese version of the Mobile Device Proficiency Questionnaire (MDPQ‐J) for the Japanese population.MethodsTo evaluate the reliability and validity of the MDPQ‐J, we administered the questionnaire to 100 young or middle‐aged participants (37.78 ± 13.90 years, 57.00% women), and 62 older participants (75.90 ± 6.01 years; 59.68% women).ResultsThe MDPQ‐J showed a high degree of internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.98). Moreover, MDPQ‐J scores in older participants tended to be lower than those in young or middle‐aged participants. In terms of validity, the MDPQ‐J score of older participants was significantly associated with age (ρ = −0.31), the amount of time using a mobile device per day (ρ = 0.64), and the system usability scale (ρ = 0.39). Additionally, the MDPQ‐J scores were significantly positively associated with the importance (ρ = 0.37), performance (ρ = 0.57), and satisfaction (ρ = 0.29) associated with daily mobile device use in older participants.ConclusionsThe high reliability and validity of the MDPQ‐J in the Japanese population highlight its utility in adapting mobile devices for older adults, which is crucial in an increasingly digital society. Further research should explore the mediating role of mobile device proficiency in various health‐related outcomes. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1223–1232.
The role of the nervous system in liver diseases
Authors: Mravec Boris , Szantova Maria 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe nervous system significantly participates in maintaining homeostasis, and modulating repair and regeneration processes in the liver. Moreover, the nervous system also plays an important role in the processes associated with the development and progression of liver disease, and can either potentiate or inhibit these processes. The aim of this review is to describe the mechanisms and pathways through which the nervous system influences the development and progression of liver diseases, such as alcohol‐associated liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cholestatic liver disease, hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Possible therapeutic implications based on modulation of signals transduction between the nervous system and the liver are also discussed.
Competitive correlation between the interface layers determines the shear strength in Kovar/AgCuTi/Si3N4 joints
Authors: Xu Haifeng , Wang Jie , Fan Fengsong , Zhang Zepeng , Zhang Deyin , Wu Haoyang , Zhang Zhirui , Chu Aimin , Jia Baorui , Pu Enxiang , Qu Xuanhui , Qin Mingli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs a promising high‐thermal‐conductivity ceramics, the direct bonding of Si3N4 with metals remains challenging. Here, we employed active metal brazing of Si3N4 ceramics and Kovar alloys using AgCuTi metal filler, and found that the shear strength in the prepared Kovar/AgCuTi/Si3N4 joints depends on the competitive correlation between the interface layers. The competitive consumption for active element Ti by Kovar/AgCuTi interfacial reactions reduced AgCuTi/Si3N4 interface layer thickness and deteriorated final shear strength, even when using a high‐Ti‐content filler. Surface analysis indicated that interfacial fracture between Ag‐based solid solution and Ti5Si3 was the primary cause of failure. Density functional theory (DFT) revealed that Ag (111)/Fe2Ti (001) interface had higher ideal work of adhesion (Wad) than Ag (111)/Ti5Si3 (001) interface, confirming the importance of AgCuTi/Si3N4 interface layer. Ultimately, by adjusting interface reaction layer thickness, the joints reached a high shear strength of 154.3 MPa.
Toward a synergistic framework of investment and motivation: Bridging imagined identities and English learning of Chinese university students
Authors: Fan Hongming , Chowdhury Raqib , Fielding Ruth 
Published: October 2024

AbstractImagined identity, which opens up a variety of future possibilities for language learners, has been theorized from seemingly incompatible psychological and sociological perspectives in applied linguistics. Researchers have thus appealed for a transdisciplinary theoretical combination of these perspectives for a more nuanced understanding of language learning in context. This article makes the case for a synergistic theoretical framework of investment and motivation to theorize the idiosyncratic relationship between individuals’ imagined identity and language learning behavior. Empirical findings from a multiple‐case study conducted in Yunnan, in the south‐western corner of China, are presented to demonstrate how this framework enables a nuanced analysis of individuals’ language learning. Findings suggest that the interconnectedness of imagined identity, motivation, and investment is informed by both learner agency and contexts. This paper proposes that learners’ development of imagined identities and ways of investing in learning could be individually different, even under similar circumstances, which indicates the need for personalized teaching to improve learning outcomes. This synergistic framework thus provides implications for pedagogical practices and a need for personalized teaching.
Synergistic hardening in a dual phase high‐entropy (Hf,Nb,Ta,Ti,Zr)C–(Hf,Nb,Ta,Ti,Zr)B2 ultra‐high temperature ceramic
Authors: Hassan Rubia , Fahrenholtz William G. , Hilmas Gregory E. , Curtarolo Stefano 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA dual phase high‐entropy (Hf,Nb,Ta,Ti,Zr)C–(Hf,Nb,Ta,Ti,Zr)B2 ultra‐high temperature ceramic was synthesized using a single step boro‐carbothermal reduction route. The synthesized powder was densified by spark plasma sintering at 2000°C, resulting in complete solid solution formation and a relative density of ≈99%. The dual phase ceramic was 43 vol% high‐entropy carbide and 57 vol% high‐entropy boride. The grain sizes were 0.85 ± 0.34 µm for the carbide and 0.87 ± 0.33 µm for the boride with minimal residual oxide (0.2 vol%) detected in the microstructure. The resulting composition had a higher microhardness than the individual boride and carbide ceramics across the range of testing loads with maximum hardness of 47.5 ± 4 GPa at a load of 0.49N. The high hardness is attributed to the minimum residual oxide, submicron grains, favorable carbide‐to‐boride ratio, homogeneous metal distribution within the phases, uniform microstructure, and synergistic dual phase hardening.
LINC00941 is a diagnostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma and promotes tumorigenesis through cell autophagy
Authors: Yang Qin , Yong Xi , Chen Xiaoli , Huang Rong , Wang Xiaolin , Xu Zhengmin , Chen Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a lethal malignancy. There is mounting evidence indicating that lncRNAs are crucial players with dual roles as both biomarkers and regulators across various cancers. It was reported that LINC00941 plays a cancer‐promoting role in NSCLC. However, its impact on tumour autophagy remains poorly understood. In this study, we developed a risk assessment model and identified an autophagy‐related lncRNA LINC00941, which has independent predictive and early diagnostic potential. Using RT‐qPCR analysis, we confirmed the upregulation of LINC00941 in tumour tissues and cell lines of human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Functional assays, such as CCK8, colony formation and xenograft models, demonstrated the cancer‐promoting activity of LINC00941 both in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis using Western blotting analysis, mRFP‐GFP‐LC3 double fluorescence lentivirus vector and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed that the knockdown of LINC00941 triggered autophagy. These results indicate that knockdown of LINC00941 induces autophagy and impairs the proliferation of LUAD. Therefore, we propose LINC00941 as an independent biomarker for early diagnosis as well as a therapeutic target in LUAD.