bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutualistic damselfish induce higher photosynthetic rates in their host coral
Authors: Garcia-Herrera Nur , Ferse Sebastian C. A. , Kunzmann Andreas , Genin Amatzia 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Coral reefs are amongst the most diverse ecosystems on Earth where complex inter-specific interactions are ubiquitous. An example of such interactions is the mutualistic relationship between damselfishes and branching corals in the Northern Red Sea, where the fish use corals as shelter and provide them with nutrients, enhance the flow between their branches, and protect them from predators. By enhancing the flow between the coral branches, the fish ventilate the coral's inner zone, mitigating hypoxic conditions that otherwise develop within that zone during the night. Here, we tested, for the first time, the effects of the damselfish Dascyllus marginatus on photosynthesis and respiration in its host coral Stylophora pistillata. Laboratory experiments using an intermittent-flow respirometer showed that the presence of fish between the coral branches under light conditions augmented the coral's photosynthetic rate. No effect on the coral's respiration was found under dark conditions. When a fish was allowed to enter the inner zone of a dead coral skeleton, its respiration was higher than when it was in a live coral. Field observations indicated that damselfish were present between coral branches 18–34% of the time during daylight hours and at all times during the night. Considering the changes induced by the fish together with the proportion of time they were found between coral branches in the field, the effect of the fish amounted to an augmentation of 3–6% of the coral's daily photosynthesis. Our findings reveal a previously unknown positive contribution of coral-dwelling fish to their host's photosynthesis.
Radiological findings on irradiation-CT in patients with non metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Meyer Hans J , Uhlig Johannes , Schramm Dominik , Bach Andreas G , Surov Alexey 
Published: May 2017

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the number of incidental findings on native CT treatment-planning scans for radiation in breast cancer patients.

Methods:
The treatment-planning scans of 382 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed for additional findings. The planning scan area covered the entire thorax and the upper part of the abdomen. Incidental findings were classified according to their clinical relevance.

Results:
Overall 892 incidental findings were detected in the CT treatment-planning scans (mean 2.34 findings per patient). Only a small proportion of patients (n = 63, 16.4%) had no finding. Most findings were located in the thorax (683, 76.57%), and 209 findings (23.43%) were abdominal. 79 findings (8.87%) were of major clinical relevance, 232 findings (26.01%) were of moderate clinical relevance and 580 findings (65.02%) were of minor clinical relevance. Most clinically relevant findings were in the thorax (p = 0.006). Abdominal findings were more of significantly minor clinical relevance (p &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusion:
Radiological findings are frequent in native CT treatment-planning scans for radiation of breast cancer patients. Therefore, the radiologist should use this performed sectional image to obtain additional information of the patient.

Advances in knowledge:
Treatment-planning CT scans can show several radiological findings, namely 2.34 findings per patient. Major clinically relevant findings account for 8.87%.
Does Information Technology Improve Open Innovation Performance? An Examination of Manufacturers in Spain
Authors: Gómez Jaime , Salazar Idana , Vargas Pilar 
Published: May 2017

Our objective in this paper is to explore the impact of information technology (IT) on the performance of open innovation models. We study the effect of IT on the production of patents and product innovations. Our analysis of a large panel of Spanish manufacturing firms confirms that the effect of the proportion of external research and development (R&D) investments on the production of patents and new products has an inverted U-shape. The results also reveal that investments in IT positively moderate the consequences of open innovation on innovation performance by reducing identification, assimilation, and utilization costs. Our results provide evidence of the viability and benefit of a new strategic alternative to innovation that is different than the traditional process of vertically integrated R&D. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2017.0705 .
Effect of Starting Time and Test Specimen Size on the Deterioration of Particleboard in an Outdoor Exposure Test
Authors: Kojima Yoichi , Shoji Takuma , Aoki Takanori , Kobori Hikaru , Suzuki Shigehiko 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Relatively short-term (3-, 6-, and 12-mo) outdoor exposure tests using particleboard specimens of two different sizes to clarify the effect of specimen size and starting time on the deterioration of the mechanical properties (bending and internal bond strength) of the particleboard were conducted. The weathering intensity was determined from the results of the short-term exposure tests, and the effect of the specimen size on the weathering intensity was discussed. The strength retention tended to decrease exponentially with elapsed time. After a 1-year exposure in Shizuoka, Japan, the retained strength was less than 60 percent. Rectangular specimens had less strength retention than the square specimens and are thought to be a more reliable indicator of the true effect of weathering conditions on strength loss. Short- and long-term exposure tests are equally useful for determining the effect of outdoor exposure on particleboard properties.
Direct Comparison of 2 Rule-Out Strategies for Acute Myocardial Infarction: 2-h Accelerated Diagnostic Protocol vs 2-h Algorithm
Authors: Wildi Karin , Cullen Louise , Twerenbold Raphael , Greenslade Jaimi H , Parsonage William , Boeddinghaus Jasper , Nestelberger Thomas , Sabti Zaid , Rubini-Giménez Maria , Puelacher Christian , Cupa Janosch , Schumacher Lukas , Badertscher Patrick , Grimm Karin , Kozhuharov Nikola , Stelzig Claudia , Freese Michael , Rentsch Katharina , Lohrmann Jens , Kloos Wanda , Buser Andreas , Reichlin Tobias , Pickering John W , Than Martin , Mueller Christian 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
We compared 2 high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn)-based 2-h strategies in patients presenting with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to the emergency department (ED): the 2-h accelerated diagnostic protocol (2h-ADP) combining hs-cTn, electrocardiogram, and a risk score, and the 2-h algorithm exclusively based on hs-cTn concentrations and their absolute changes.

METHODS
Analyses were performed in 2 independent diagnostic cohorts [European Advantageous Predictors of Acute Coronary Syndrome Evaluation (APACE) study, Australian–New Zealand 2-h Accelerated Diagnostic Protocol to Assess patients with chest Pain symptoms using contemporary Troponins as the only biomarker (ADAPT) study] employing hs-cTnT (Elecsys) and hs-cTnI (Architect). The final diagnosis was adjudicated by 2 independent cardiologists.

RESULTS
AMI was the final diagnosis in 16.5% (95% CI, 14.6%–18.6%) of the 1372 patients in APACE, and 12.6% (95% CI, 10.7%–14.7%) of 1153 patients in ADAPT. The negative predictive value (NPV) and sensitivity for AMI were very high and comparable with both strategies using either hs-cTnT or hs-cTnI in both cohorts (all statistical comparisons nonsignificant). The percentage of patients triaged toward rule-out was significantly lower with the 2h-ADP (36%–43%) vs the 2-h algorithm (55%–68%) with both assays and in both cohorts (P &lt; 0.001). The sensitivity of the 2h-ADP was higher for 30-day major adverse cardiovascular events.

CONCLUSIONS
Both algorithms provided very high and comparable safety as quantified by the NPV and sensitivity for AMI and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 30 days in patients triaged toward rule-out, although sensitivity for MACE at 30 days was lower with both algorithms in cohort 2. Although the 2-h algorithm was more efficacious, not all patients ruled out for AMI by this algorithm were appropriate candidates for early discharge. The 2h-ADP seems superior in the selection of patients for early discharge from the ED.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
APACE: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00470587
ADAPT: Australia-New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12611001069943
Challenges and Opportunities for Digital Marketing Within Contemporary Art Book Publishing
Authors: Grima Marie-Claire 
Published: May 2017

This dissertation examines a number of challenges and opportunities in digital marketing within con- temporary art book publishing. As products of a uniquely cross-pollinated strain of culture and publishing, their tactility and physicality are amongst their most appealing qualities, standing out in a world where so much takes place in a virtual space. The appeal of art books today is thought to be getting stronger and stronger as many other kinds of books dematerialise in the digital space, standing out more than ever as objects.
However, art books still have to contend with a marketing landscape where digital grows increasingly more dominant and influential each year. The differences that make art books stand out may well give rise to difficulties and challenges when it comes to marketing and selling them in a digital environment. But conversely, there could be a greater amount and broader spread of opportunities for effectively marketing art books online that would not be available to different kinds of books. This dissertation seeks to investigate how a number of art book publishers are currently using the digital marketing tools that are available to them, the effectiveness of their strategies, what challenges are being faced and which opportunities are being under-utilised.
Adopting human anatomy to swim fishlike; a vantage point<p>Verimli yüzme için suya anatomik uyum; bir bakış açısı
Authors: Titiz Mesut İzzet 
Published: May 2017

Swimming is a fun if done properly using the scientific rules and guidence. Fishes are the best swimmers due to their anatomical evolution to live in the water. But men has evolved to survive on land and has anatomical structures adapted to fit the living conditions on land not in the water . Body anatomical properties, weight difference between the upper part and the lower part of the body and the regional distribution of respiration organs of men create difficulties to swim as desired. To overcome this problem men has to adapt the position of the body in the water fishlike, observe understand and imitate what the fish do in the water, has training exercises developed accordingly and swim fishlike.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetSuda yaşam ve evolusyonun getirdiği avantajlar yüzünden en iyi yüzenler balıklardır. İnsanların karada yaşamak üzere evolusyon geçirmiş olmaları gereği edindikleri anatomik yapıları suda yüzme konusunda sorunlar çıkarmaktadır. Balıkların su ile olan ilişkilerinin incelenmesi ve onların davranışlarından çıkarılan sonuçlara göre yüzme eğitimi verimli yüzme hedefine ulaşmaya yardım edecektir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmanın amacı balıkların su içindeki hareketlerinden yola çıkarak, insanların yüzme sporunda performanslarını geliştirmeleri için gerekli olan beceriler konusunda öngörüde bulunmaktır.
Experimental Study to Evaluate the Effect of Consolidation Behavior on Pile Setup
Authors: Abu-Farsakh M. Y. , Haque M. N. , Chen Q. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the field experimental results of static load tests (SLTs) and dynamic load tests (DLTs) that were conducted on instrumented prestressed concrete (PSC) test piles to characterize the pile setup phenomenon for individual soil layers along the piles' length. For this purpose, three PSC piles were driven at a bridge construction site in Lake Charles, LA, that were tested at different times after installation. The piles were instrumented with sister bar strain gauges to measure the load transfer along the piles' length, and pressure cells and piezometers to measure the total stress, effective stress and excess pore water pressure (PWP) with time and hence the setup for different soil layers along the piles' length. Multilevel piezometers were installed in the surrounding soil to evaluate the spatial distribution of excess PWP and to measure the influenced zone caused by pile driving. The load tests showed that the side resistance increased by 129 %, 99 %, and 91 % for the three test piles during the last load test. The case pile wave analysis program (CAPWAP) analysis of the DLTs and the load distribution plots from SLTs were used to compute the resistance of individual soil layers along the piles with time. The results showed that the soil layers with low undrained shear strength and high value of generated excess PWP exhibited higher amount of setup; while soil layers with low permeability and low coefficient of consolidation exhibited higher rate of setup compared to other soil layers. The results also showed that setup increased at a higher rate before the dissipation of excess PWP and the rate became much slower after the end of dissipation process. The dissipation of excess PWP (or consolidation data) was used to quantify the setup by its contributing factors (i.e., consolidation and aging effect). The results showed that a majority of setups was because of the consolidation effect. The results of multilevel piezometers indicated that the influenced zone because of pile driving was almost 3B (B = pile width) radial distance from pile face.
Volume Change Measurement in Triaxial Tests by Monitoring Cell Fluid Volume Based on Viscoelastic Behavior of the Test Setup
Authors: Ahmadi-Naghadeh R. , Toker N. K. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
A novel procedure was developed to measure the total volume change of the unsaturated soils in triaxial testing. The principle of the proposed method was based on cell fluid volume measurements corrected by the assumption of viscoelastic behavior for the triaxial setup. Calibration and parameter determination procedures of the model are devised, and the presented model is implemented into a MATLAB code. The proposed method was validated through a series of consolidated drained triaxial tests on saturated specimens, by comparing the changes in volume measurement of proposed method and conventional measurement (pore fluid). The accuracy in volume measurement during consolidation and shear stages of these tests was between 0.09 and 0.32 cm3, which is on par with or better than more complex and expensive alternatives found in the literature. Repeatability of the proposed technique in measurement of the volume change was also investigated through a series of suction controlled unsaturated soil tests.
Behavior of a Sensitive Clay in Isotropically Consolidated K̇o-Drained Triaxial Tests
Authors: Silvestri V. , Abou-Samra G. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This paper presented experimental results obtained in isotropically consolidated K̇o-drained triaxial tests on a lightly overconsolidated sensitive clay from Louiseville (Quebec). For the tests that start near the origin, the results showed that the response of the structured clay can be divided into three distinct phases of deformation. At low mean effective stress levels, the value of K̇o ranged between 0.2 and 0.3, and the shear stress varied linearly with strain. A critical shear stress was reached at the end of the first phase of deformation. At intermediate stress levels, the clay behaved like a plastic material, with K̇o = 0 and the shear stress remained approximately constant during deformation. At high stress levels, the clay becomes normally consolidated with K̇o = 1 − sin ϕ′, where ϕ′ is the friction angle of the destructured clay. However, the clay does not become normally consolidated for vertical effective stresses just in excess of the vertical preconsolidation pressure σ′vp. Rather, the effective vertical stress must exceed 1.36 σ′vp for the clay to reach a normally consolidated state. Comparisons were made with test results obtained on other sensitive clays of Eastern Canada, which showed a response similar to that of Louiseville clay.
Integrating the Four-Probe Method and SWCC Device to Measure Electrical Resistivity Anisotropy of Unsaturated Soil
Authors: Wu Y. , Wang Y. H. , Niu Q. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Electrical resistivity is often utilized to estimate different flow-related properties of unsaturated soils, such as hydraulic conductivity. To be better utilized for such a purpose, the electrical resistivity anisotropy has to be characterized to account for the anisotropic nature of soils. Thus, a testing cell equipped with two individual four-probe arrays was designed and manufactured using the 3D printing technique. The testing cell was integrated with a soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) device, and therefore both the soil resistivity anisotropy and SWCC could be measured simultaneously in the same sample. Numerical simulations using the finite element method (FEM) were carried out to characterize the measurement biases due to the boundary effect from the finite sample size and the influence of the electrode sizes, and then to determine the associated correction factors. The validity of the correction factors was also experimentally verified. Experimental results on the mica samples reveal that the electrical resistivity in the vertical and horizontal directions (i.e., ρV and ρH) increases as the suction increases or the degree of saturation decreases. In addition, the anisotropic factor, λ = √ρV/ρH, was found to gradually increase with increasing suction or decreasing water content.
New Suitable Pore Fluid to Manufacture Transparent Soil
Authors: Kong G. -Q. , Li H. , Hu Y. -X. , Yu Y. -X. , Xu W. -B. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Due to the opacity of natural soil, transparent soil has become an effective research tool to visualize soil internal movements and deformations. In this paper, the past research on transparent soil samples were summarized and reviewed. Due to the incompatibility with the latex membrane, the high viscosity and the high cost of the previously used pore fluids in the mixtures of transparent soil samples, more chemicals, and their mixtures have been tested in search of more suitable pore fluids to overcome the shortcomings above. Both granular particles of silica gel and fused quartz were tested for possible transparent clay and sand samples, respectively. Among the 19 chemicals/oils/water tested previously, 7 of them were selected with another 8 new oil and 30 new chemicals have been tested. There were 19 mixtures of fluids (15 oil-based and 4 water-based) studied for suitable pore fluids to the target refractive indices (TRIs) of the two granular particles to achieve the transparency of soil samples. Both interactions of the potential pore fluids with latex membrane and with granular particles were measured. Potassium thiocyanaten (KSCN) solution was identified as one of the new suitable water-based solutions with low viscosity and easy researching TRIs. Ethanol versus 3-Propanetriol (E +3-P) mixture, and Isopropanol versus 3-Propanetriol (I +3-P) mixture were identified as two new suitable oil-based solutions with minimum interaction with latex membranes.
Characterization of Soil Treated With Alkali-Activated Cement in Large-Scale Specimens
Authors: Cruz N. , Rios S. , Fortunato E. , Rodrigues C. , Cruz J. , Mateus C. , Ramos C. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Soil improvement with hydraulic binders is currently used in practice because of the advantages of using the local soil enhancing its geotechnical properties. However, environmental issues related to quicklime applications and carbon-dioxide emissions associated to Portland cement production encouraged the development of new binders. In this work, alkaline-activated cement (AAC) synthetized by fly ash and an alkaline solution was used to stabilize silty sand. The behavior of the treated soil was evaluated performing tests on a physical model and the results were compared to laboratory data to define its compaction, strength, and stiffness properties. Those tests include nuclear density gauge measurements, light falling weight deflectometer tests, and plate load tests, whereas unconfined compression tests with unload–reload cycles and seismic wave measurements were performed at the laboratory. These tests, very common in current geotechnical practice, have proved to be also adequate to quality control and to evaluate the geomechanical properties of this material. The results at 28 days show a significant improvement given by the AAC, but still show some sensitivity to water when flooded. The comparison of results from different tests provided the evolution of stiffness with strain level.
Automated Uncertainty Quantification Through Information Fusion in Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Nannapaneni S. , Mahadevan S. , Dubey A. , Lechevalier D. , Narayanan A. , Rachuri S. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Evaluation of key performance indicators (KPIs) such as energy consumption is essential for decision-making during the design and operation of smart manufacturing systems. The measurements of KPIs are strongly affected by several uncertainty sources such as input material uncertainty, the inherent variability in the manufacturing process, model uncertainty, and the uncertainty in the sensor measurements of operational data. A comprehensive understanding of the uncertainty sources and their effect on the KPIs is required to make the manufacturing processes more efficient. Towards this objective, this paper proposed an automated methodology to generate a hierarchical Bayesian network (HBN) for a manufacturing system from semantic system models, physics-based models, and available data in an automated manner, which can be used to perform uncertainty quantification (UQ) analysis. The semantic system model, which is a high-level model describing the system along with its parameters, is assumed to be available in the generic modeling environment (GME) platform. Apart from semantic description, physics-based models, if available, are assumed to be available in model libraries. The proposed methodology was divided into two tasks: (1) automated hierarchical Bayesian network construction using the semantic system model, available models and data, and (2) automated uncertainty quantification (UQ) analysis. A metamodel of an HBN was developed using the GME, along with a syntax representation for the associated conditional probability tables/distributions. The constructed HBN corresponding to a system was represented as an instance model of the HBN metamodel. On the metamodel, a model interpreter was written to be able to carry out the UQ analysis in an automated manner for any HBN instance model conforming to the HBN metamodel. The proposed methodologies are demonstrated using an injection molding process.