bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo and in vitro models of traumatic injuries of the spinal cord
Authors: Rybachuk O. , Arkhypchuk I. , Lazarenko Yu. 
Published: July 2017

In recent years, there is a growing interest in the mechanisms of regeneration of damaged nerve tissue, including the spinal cord, as its injuries are quite common due to traffic accidents, industrial injuries and military actions. Damage to the spinal cord results in the loss of functional activity of the body below the injury site, which affects person’s ability to self-service and significantly reduces its efficiency. The effects of spinal injuries annually cause significant social and economic losses worldwide, including Ukraine. The development of new treatments for pathologies of the central nervous system requires mandatory pre-testing of their effectiveness in experiments in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, searching and creation of optimal animal model of spinal cord injury is in order to it meets most complete picture of the damage characteristic of real conditions in humans. This is an important task of modern neurophysiology. Such models can be used, primarily, for a more detailed clarification of the pathogenesis of all levels of nerve tissue damage and research of its own recovery potential by endogenous reparation mechanisms. In addition, experimental models allow to estimate the safety and predict the effectiveness of various therapeutic approaches to spinal cord injury.
Livros de imagem e o universo digital: educadores realizando escolhas conscientes
Authors: Kirchof Edgar 
Published: July 2017

Neste artigo, são apresentadas perspectivas sobre duas questões fundamentais relacionadas com esses produtos e com as interações das crianças com eles, as quais, acreditamos, devem ser consideradas de forma especial para uma reflexão profunda por parte dos educadores neste momento: Impresso ou digital? Tanto os livros de imagem digitais quanto os impressos deveriam ter espaço na pré-escola. Porém, devido às diferentes vantagens de cada um deles, a escolha da versão que deve ser utilizada em cada caso particular necessita de uma análise cuidadosa.A qualidade das características dos livros digitais de imagem. Vários fatores devem ser considerados na avaliação de livros digitais de imagem para uso em sala de aula.
DEFINITIONS OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WIVES AMONG INDONESIAN SOCIAL WORK COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Rusyidi Binahayati 
Published: July 2017

Violence against wives is the most common form of violence against women reported in Indonesia. Understanding the definition of violence against wives is one of first steps to address the problem given that recognition about what constitutes violent behaviors has an influence on how society responds to victims and perpetrators.
The study described and examined factors associated with the attitudes of Muslim undergraduate social welfare students toward definitions of violence against wives using socio-demographic and socio-cultural perspectives. Samples were selected non-randomly using convenience sampling techniques. Data were collected through a self-administered survey taken by 275 students in the social welfare department of two separate universities located in the provinces of Yogyakarta and East Java late 2016. Data was analyzed using hierarchical regressions techniques.
The study found that students generally reported stronger agreement to viewing physical violence as a form of violence against wives. On the contrary, they were less likely to view non-physical violence as violent behavior. Gender, attitudes toward gender roles, and type of university were found to be associated with attitudes toward the definition of violence against wives. Implications from the findings were discussed, taking into account the roles of educational institutions in shaping the students’ attitudes.
Kontribusi Kepercayaan Diri dan Kecerdasan Emosi terhadap Komunikasi Interpersonal Siswa serta Implikasinya dalam Pelayanan Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Sahputra Dika , Syahniar Syahniar , Marjohan Marjohan 
Published: July 2017

This research isbackground by low ofstudents’ communication interpersonal. Self confidence and emotional intelligence were two factors assumed to affect communication interpersonal. The aims of this research were to describethe contribution of the self confidence and emotional intelligencetowards communication interpersonal. This research applied quantitative method with a descriptive correlational. The population was all thestudents of SMA Negeri 8 Padang with the total of 764 students, and the samples were 263 students that were chosen by using proportional stratified random sampling.The instrument of the research was a likert scale. Validity test result of this self confidence’s instrument was 0.503, students’ emotional intelligence was 0.430, and communication interpersonal was 0.675. Reliability test result of self confidence’s instrument was 0.819, emotional intelligence was 0.888, and communication interpersonal was 0.902. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, simple and multiple regression. The research findings indicated that: (1) averagely, description of the self confidence was at high level, (2) emotional intelligence was at high level, (3)communication interpersonal was categorized at high level, (4) there was 19,6% (R=0.443, on significance 0.000) in self confidence contribution towards communication interpersonal, (5) there was 33,1% (R=0.575, significance 0.000) in emotional intelligence towards communication interpersonal, (6) there was 33,2% (R=0.576, on significance 0.000) in contribution together with self confidence and emotional intelligence towards communication interpersonal. The implication of this research can be made as a need assessment to make a program of guidance and counseling service in SMA Negeri 8 Padang.
Abundant Methanol Ice toward a Massive Young Stellar Object in the Central Molecular Zone*
Authors: An Deokkeun , Sellgren Kris , Boogert A. C. Adwin , Ramírez Solange V. , Pyo Tae-Soo 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Previous radio observations revealed widespread gas-phase methanol (CH3OH) in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) at the Galactic center (GC), but its origin remains unclear. Here, we report the discovery of CH3OH ice toward a star in the CMZ, based on a Subaru 3.4–4.0 μm spectrum, aided by NASA/IRTF

L
′

imaging and 2–4 μm spectra. The star lies ∼8000 au away in projection from a massive young stellar object (MYSO). Its observed high CH3OH ice abundance (

17
%
±
3
%

relative to H2O ice) suggests that the 3.535 μm CH3OH ice absorption likely arises in the MYSO’s extended envelope. However, it is also possible that CH3OH ice forms with a higher abundance in dense clouds within the CMZ, compared to within the disk. Either way, our result implies that gas-phase CH3OH in the CMZ can be largely produced by desorption from icy grains. The high solid CH3OH abundance confirms the prominent 15.4 μm shoulder absorption observed toward GC MYSOs arises from CO2 ice mixed with CH3OH.
La biosécurité : investissement d’avenir pour les élevages français
Authors: Guériaux Didier , Fediaevsky Alexandre , Ferreira Bruno 
Published: July 2017

Biosecurity : invesments for the future of french livestock.
Biosecurity measures accompanied the development of above-ground livestock farming in France during the second half of the 20th century. These dispositions were progressively developed in the State health strategies in the early 2000s, following the identification of contaminations by wildlife : state compensation was then conditional to the implementation of these measures. Following the 2015-2016 influenza avian crisis, these biosecurity measures became mandatory for bird owners. In the future, all sectors, whether extensive or intensive, will have to integrate appropriate biosecurity measures to ensure their sustainability : they will have to integrate these principles into the design of the livestock organization.
Scale dependence of cirrus horizontal heterogeneity effects on TOA measurements – Part I: MODIS brightness temperatures in the thermal infrared
Authors: Fauchez Thomas , Platnick Steven , Meyer Kerry , Cornet Céline , Szczap Frédéric , Várnai Tamás 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. This paper presents a study on the impact of cirrus cloud heterogeneities on MODIS simulated thermal infrared (TIR) brightness temperatures (BTs) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) as a function of spatial resolution from 50 m to 10 km. A realistic 3-D cirrus field is generated by the 3DCLOUD model (average optical thickness of 1.4, cloud-top and base altitudes at 10 and 12 km, respectively, consisting of aggregate column crystals of Deff = 20 µm), and 3-D thermal infrared radiative transfer (RT) is simulated with the 3DMCPOL code. According to previous studies, differences between 3-D BT computed from a heterogenous pixel and 1-D RT computed from a homogeneous pixel are considered dependent at nadir on two effects: (i) the optical thickness horizontal heterogeneity leading to the plane-parallel homogeneous bias (PPHB) and the (ii) horizontal radiative transport (HRT) leading to the independent pixel approximation error (IPAE). A single but realistic cirrus case is simulated and, as expected, the PPHB mainly impacts the low-spatial-resolution results (above ∼ 250 m) with averaged values of up to 5–7 K, while the IPAE mainly impacts the high-spatial-resolution results (below ∼ 250 m) with average values of up to 1–2 K. A sensitivity study has been performed in order to extend these results to various cirrus optical thicknesses and heterogeneities by sampling the cirrus in several ranges of parameters. For four optical thickness classes and four optical heterogeneity classes, we have found that, for nadir observations, the spatial resolution at which the combination of PPHB and HRT effects is the smallest, falls between 100 and 250 m. These spatial resolutions thus appear to be the best choice to retrieve cirrus optical properties with the smallest cloud heterogeneity-related total bias in the thermal infrared. For off-nadir observations, the average total effect is increased and the minimum is shifted to coarser spatial resolutions.
Modelling firn thickness evolution during the last deglaciation: constraints on sensitivity to temperature and impurities
Authors: Bréant Camille , Martinerie Patricia , Orsi Anaïs , Arnaud Laurent , Landais Amaëlle 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The transformation of snow into ice is a complex phenomenon that is difficult to model. Depending on surface temperature and accumulation rate, it may take several decades to millennia for air to be entrapped in ice. The air is thus always younger than the surrounding ice. The resulting gas–ice age difference is essential to documenting the phasing between CO2 and temperature changes, especially during deglaciations. The air trapping depth can be inferred in the past using a firn densification model, or using δ15N of air measured in ice cores. All firn densification models applied to deglaciations show a large disagreement with δ15N measurements at several sites in East Antarctica, predicting larger firn thickness during the Last Glacial Maximum, whereas δ15N suggests a reduced firn thickness compared to the Holocene. Here we present modifications of the LGGE firn densification model, which significantly reduce the model–data mismatch for the gas trapping depth evolution over the last deglaciation at the coldest sites in East Antarctica (Vostok, Dome C), while preserving the good agreement between measured and modelled modern firn density profiles. In particular, we introduce a dependency of the creep factor on temperature and impurities in the firn densification rate calculation. The temperature influence intends to reflect the dominance of different mechanisms for firn compaction at different temperatures. We show that both the new temperature parameterization and the influence of impurities contribute to the increased agreement between modelled and measured δ15N evolution during the last deglaciation at sites with low temperature and low accumulation rate, such as Dome C or Vostok. We find that a very low sensitivity of the densification rate to temperature has to be used in the coldest conditions. The inclusion of impurity effects improves the agreement between modelled and measured δ15N at cold East Antarctic sites during the last deglaciation, but deteriorates the agreement between modelled and measured δ15N evolution at Greenland and Antarctic sites with high accumulation unless threshold effects are taken into account. We thus do not provide a definite solution to the firnification at very cold Antarctic sites but propose potential pathways for future studies.
Semiautomatic sun shots with the WIDIF DIflux
Authors: Rasson Jean L. , Hendrickx Olivier , Marin Jean-Luc 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The determination of magnetic declination angle entails finding two directions: geographic north and magnetic north. This paper deals with the former. The known way to do it by using the sun's calculable orientation in the sky is improved by using a device based on a WIDIF DIflux theodolite and split photocells positioned on its telescope ocular. Given the WIDIF accurate timing and location provided by the onboard GPS receiver, an astronomical computation can be effected to accurately and quickly determine the sun's azimuth and an auxiliary mark's azimuth. The precise sun's crossing of the split photocell, amplified by the telescope's magnification, allows azimuth accuracies of a few seconds of arc.
“Nothing Is Solid. Nothing Is Fixed”: Participatory Culture and Collaborative Authorship in Jeanette Winterson's The Powerbook
Authors: Hall Emily 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
As recent reading theorists have noted, digitization has given rise to participatory culture, as the boundaries between author/reader, creator/user have blurred. While studies have focused on the expanding role of the reader, few have critiqued how contemporary writers respond to their eroding authority. This article explores Jeanette Winterson's 2000 novel The Powerbook within this context and suggests that the novel depicts the dangers of collaborative authorship and forewarns that digitization forces authors to concede authority and power to readers who assume writerly positions. Studies on Winterson's text have typically argued that the novel promotes democratic, and even feminist, notions of authorship. However, this article refutes these claims as the protagonist prohibits her collaborator from assuming an equal authorial role. Hall demonstrates how The Powerbook foresees contemporary authorship as limited and de-centered, which helps us understand why twenty-first century authors fear that digitization has created empowered readers.
The Autism Literary Underground
Authors: Rose Jonathan 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Though most physicians and public health officials deny that vaccination can cause autism, many autism parents believe there is such a link, and many of them resort to alternative treatments. This article takes no position on these controversies, but it uses the methods of reception history to explain how this “underground” movement has gained traction in the face of fierce opposition from the medical establishment and the mass media. The movement belongs to a long tradition of do-it-yourself medicine, which urged patients to read medical literature and treat themselves. Large-scale surveys of vaccine-hesitant websites and parents, and an intensive study of the reading done by six autism parents, reveals that these parents read extensively and critically both refereed medical literature and Internet postings by other autism parents. They are not “antiscience,” but they are producing and consuming literature about autism and interacting with each other on social media.
Overgang til digital aflevering og bedømmelse af skriftlige prøver ved Aarhus Universitet og Ingeniørhøjskolen i Århus
Authors: Blok Rasmus Tolstrup , Andresen Mads Stenhøj , Sommer Hans 
Published: July 2017

Aarhus Universitet og Ingeniørhøjskolen i Århus vil gøre det muligt at skriftlige prøver stilles og at besvarelser afleveres, bedømmes, håndteres og arkiveres digitalt. Projekt Digital Eksamen afdækker med støtte fra ABT-fonden i øjeblikket mulighederne for at afskaffe papir og gøre de skriftlige ”hjemme”-prøver 100 % digitale1. De foreløbige resultater er meget positive, og nærværende artikel rapporterer midtvejs i projektforløbet om opgaven, den valgte løsning, evalueringerne og erfaringerne, samt de udfordringer digitaliseringen medfører.Download artiklen som pdf-fil for at se artiklens interaktive indhold.
Fremtidens undervisningsmiljøer
Authors: Buus Lillian , Wollin Uwe 
Published: July 2017

Som oplægget til dette temanummer af LOM også indikerede, så sætter vi fokus på fremtidens undervisningsmiljøer på universiteter og UCer. Fremtidens undervisningsmiljøer har mange facetter, hvilket samlingen af artikler også illustrerer. “Fremtidens Undervisningsmiljø” handler om eksisterende erfaringer med undervisning, som peger på potentialer, udfordringer, konkrete overvejelser og fremtidig anvendelse generelt i undervisningen i forhold til skabelsen af et decideret undervisningsmiljø. Når vi taler om fremtidens undervisningsmiljøer, så er denne ofte forbundet med en teknologisk opfattelse, f.eks. omkring brug af digitale medier i undervisningen, og hvordan disse er tænkt sammen med de fysiske rammer for undervisningen. Det bærer dette nummer af LOM også præg af.Dette temanummer af LOM kan opdeles i 3 temaer; “Teknologisk understøttet praksis undervisning”, “Undervisning via videostreaming”og “Online læringsmiljøer”. I det efterfølgende har vi prøvet at give et overblik over de forskellige vinkler artiklerne har ind i disse forskellige temaer og tidsskriftets overordnede tema.
Computerspil og læring
Authors: Juel Larsen Lasse 
Published: July 2017

Game-based learning og gamification er ord, der ofte optræder i forbindelse med computerspil og læring. Denne artikel vil analytisk undersøge, hvordan computerspil og læring går i forbindelse med hinanden. Artikel tager afsæt i Gregory Batesons læringsteori og læser denne igennem det kommercielle computerspil StarCraft 2 fra Blizzard Intertainment. Batesons læringsteori vil ikke alene blive gennemgået, men også udvidet og perspektiveret. Formålet med denne indsats er at skabe et afsæt, der kan demonstrere, hvordan læring foregår i computerspil. Herefter vil afsættet blive anvendt til at destillere et læringsteoretisk udkast. Artiklen falder således i to dele, hvor den første analytisk adresserer, hvordan læring i computerspil foregår, mens den anden er teoriproducerende på baggrund af resultaterne fra første del.
Short Report: Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment in Newly Diagnosed Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: DiGiuseppe Giulia , Blair Mervin , Morrow Sarah A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background:
Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and can manifest early in the disease process, sometimes as early as the first demyelinating event. However, the frequency of cognitive impairment in a newly diagnosed MS population has not been evaluated comprehensively in a clinical population. We sought to examine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) within a year of diagnosis in a clinic where cognitive testing at diagnosis is part of routine practice.

Methods:
A retrospective medical record review of persons with RRMS assessed in a cognitive MS clinic identified 107 patients assessed by the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis battery within 1 year of a confirmed RRMS diagnosis.

Results:
The cohort was predominantly female (n = 82 [76.6%]) and white (n = 93 [86.9%]). Only 36 patients (33.6%) were diagnosed as having RRMS based on a second clinical event. Processing speed was the most frequently impaired domain (n = 38 [35.5%]). Only 37 patients (34.6%) were within normal limits on all cognitive domains. Regarding mood symptoms, 25 patients (23.4%) were positive for depressive symptoms; 59 (55.1%), for anxiety. Severe fatigue was correlated with a lower score on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) (r = −0.380, P &lt; .001), and higher depressive scores were correlated with lower performance on the SDMT (r = −0.397, P &lt; .001) and the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (r = −0.254, P = .009).

Conclusions:
Cognitive impairment, specifically processing speed, and mood symptoms are frequently present in persons with newly diagnosed RRMS.
Improving the trajectory of transpedicular transdiscal lumbar screw fixation with a computer-assisted 3D-printed custom drill guide
Authors: Shao Zhen-Xuan , Wang Jian-Shun , Lin Zhong-Ke , Ni Wen-Fei , Wang Xiang-Yang , Wu Ai-Min 
Published: July 2017

Transpedicular transdiscal screw fixation is an alternative technique used in lumbar spine fixation; however, it requires an accurate screw trajectory. The aim of this study is to design a novel 3D-printed custom drill guide and investigate its accuracy to guide the trajectory of transpedicular transdiscal (TPTD) lumbar screw fixation. Dicom images of thirty lumbar functional segment units (FSU, two segments) of L1–L4 were acquired from the PACS system in our hospital (patients who underwent a CT scan for other abdomen diseases and had normal spine anatomy) and imported into reverse design software for three-dimensional reconstructions. Images were used to print the 3D lumbar models and were imported into CAD software to design an optimal TPTD screw trajectory and a matched custom drill guide. After both the 3D printed FSU models and 3D-printed custom drill guide were prepared, the TPTD screws will be guided with a 3D-printed custom drill guide and introduced into the 3D printed FSU models. No significant statistical difference in screw trajectory angles was observed between the digital model and the 3D-printed model (P > 0.05). Our present study found that, with the help of CAD software, it is feasible to design a TPTD screw custom drill guide that could guide the accurate TPTD screw trajectory on 3D-printed lumbar models.