bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Drug–Drug Interactions Through Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) for the Selective ALK Inhibitor Alectinib
Authors: Morcos Peter N. , Cleary Yumi , Guerini Elena , Dall Georgina , Bogman Katrijn , De Petris Luigi , Viteri Santiago , Bordogna Walter , Yu Li , Martin‐Facklam Meret , Phipps Alex 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe efficacy and safety of alectinib, a central nervous system–active and selective anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor, has been demonstrated in patients with ALK‐positive (ALK+)non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progressing on crizotinib. Alectinib is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) to a major similarly active metabolite, M4. Alectinib and M4 show evidence of weak time‐dependent inhibition and small induction of CYP3A in vitro. We present results from 3 fixed‐sequence studies evaluating drug–drug interactions for alectinib through CYP3A. Studies NP28990 and NP29042 enrolled 17 and 24 healthy subjects, respectively, and investigated potent CYP3A inhibition with posaconazole and potent CYP3A induction through rifampin, respectively, on the single oral dose pharmacokinetics (PK) of alectinib. A substudy of the global phase 2 NP28673 study enrolled 15 patients withALK+ NSCLC to determine the effect of multiple doses of alectinib on the single oral dose PK of midazolam, a sensitive substrate of CYP3A. Potent CYP3A inhibition or induction resulted in only minor effects on the combined exposure of alectinib and M4. Multiple doses of alectinib did not influence midazolam exposure. These results suggest that dose adjustments may not be needed when alectinib is coadministered with CYP3A inhibitors or inducers or for coadministered CYP3A substrates.
Effect of the Wetting Agent Sodium Lauryl Sulfate on the Pharmacokinetics of Alectinib: Results From a Bioequivalence Study in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Morcos Peter N. , Parrott Neil , Banken Ludger , Timpe Carsten , Lindenberg Marc , Guerini Elena , Dall Georgina , Bogman Katrijn , Sturm Carolina , Zeaiter Ali , Martin‐Facklam Meret , Phipps Alex 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor alectinib is an effective treatment for ALK‐positive non‐small‐cell lung cancer. This bioequivalence study evaluated the in vivo performance of test 3 formulations with the reduced wetting agent sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) content. This randomized, 4‐period, 4‐sequence, crossover study compared alectinib (600 mg) as 25%, 12.5%, and 3% SLS hard capsule formulations with the reference 50% SLS clinical formulation in healthy subjects under fasted conditions (n = 49), and following a high‐fat meal (n = 48). Geometric mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for Cmax, AUC0–last, and AUC0–∞ of alectinib, its major active metabolite, M4, and alectinib plus M4 were determined for the test formulations versus the reference formulation. Bioequivalence was concluded if the 90%CIs were within the 80% to 125% boundaries. The 25% SLS formulation demonstrated bioequivalence to the reference 50% SLS formulation for Cmax, AUC0–last, and AUC0–∞ of alectinib, M4, and alectinib plus M4 under both fasted and fed conditions. Further reductions in SLS content (12.5% and 3% SLS) did not meet the bioequivalence criteria. Cross‐group comparisons showed an approximately 3‐fold positive food effect. Reducing SLS to 25% resulted in a formulation that is bioequivalent to the current 50% SLS formulation used in alectinib pivotal trials.
A comparative analysis of conventional cytopreparatory and liquid based cytological techniques (Sure Path) in evaluation of serous effusion fluids
Authors: Dadhich Hrishikesh , Toi Pampa Ch , Siddaraju Neelaiah , Sevvanthi Kalidas 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundClinically, detection of malignant cells in serous body fluids is critical, as their presence implies the upstaging of the disease. Cytology of body cavity fluids serves as an important tool when other diagnostic tests cannot be performed. In most laboratories, currently, the effusion fluid samples are analysed chiefly by the conventional cytopreparatory (CCP) technique. Although, there are several studies comparing the liquid‐based cytology (LBC), with CCP technique in the field of cervicovaginal cytology; the literature on such comparison with respect to serous body fluid examination is sparse.MethodsOne hundred samples of serous body fluids were processed by both CCP and LBC techniques. Slides prepared by these techniques were studied using six parameters. A comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques in detection of malignant cells was carried out with appropriate statistical tests.ResultsThe samples comprised 52 pleural, 44 peritoneal and four pericardial fluids. No statistically significant difference was noted with respect to cellularity (P values = 0.22), cell distribution (P values = 0.39) and diagnosis of malignancy (P values = 0.20). As for the remaining parameters, LBC provided statistically significant clearer smear background (P values < 0.0001) and shorter screening time (P values < 0.0001), while CPP technique provided a significantly better staining quality (P values 0.01) and sharper cytomorphologic features (P values 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough, a reduced screening time and clearer smear background are the two major advantages of LBC; the CCP technique provides the better staining quality with sharper cytomorphologic features which is more critical from the cytologic interpretation point of view. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:874–879. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Delivery of Antipsychotics with Nanoparticles
Authors: Sun Yuan , Kang Chen , Liu Fei , Song Lei 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Preclinical Research

Psychosis remains one of the most challenging health problems for society, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Although current antipsychotics can alleviate the symptoms of psychosis, they are still far away from being perfect, often causing significant and even fatal side effects such as involuntary movement disorders and metabolic syndrome. With the lack of precise knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of psychosis, a rational approach to improve the efficiency of current antipsychotics is by nanoparticle‐based administration. Nanoparticles with the size of 1–500 nm can be used in drug formulations to pass through many biological barriers including the blood‐brain barrier, which makes them excellent candidates for the delivery of antipsychotics. Besides that, nanoparticles loaded with antipsychotics can solve the common aqueous solubility issues for most brain targeting drugs, and enable a slow‐release profile for the encapsulated drugs. This research overview provides a brief summary and discussion of the progress and development in the delivery of antipsychotics with nanoparticle formulations over the past five years (2011–2016). Drug Dev Res 77 : 393–399, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transient Study of Synchronous Machine Field Characteristic
Authors: HIRAMATSU DAISUKE , UEMURA YOICHI , NOZAKI DAI , MUKOYAMA SHINJI , KAMURO DAISUKE , TSUJIKAWA KAZUMA , ISHIZUKA HIROAKI , SUZUKI KAZUHIRO 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYThe type of excitation systems mainly used for synchronous generators are the static excitation system and the blushless excitation system. In both cases, it is important to estimate the field characteristic. The authors derived about new knowledge of three‐phase sudden short circuit and mismatched synchronizing using the electromagnetic transients program (ATP‐EMTP). This paper studied these phenomena.
Heat and Mass Transfer Effects in a Furnace‐Based Micropyrolyzer
Authors: Proano‐Aviles Juan , Lindstrom Jake K. , Johnston Patrick A. , Brown Robert C. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMicrogram‐scale reactors combined with gas chromatography (GC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) or flame ionization detection (FID) are used widely in pyrolysis research. Whether these devices meet the expected fast heating rates and short vapor residence times of fast pyrolysis have not been verified. In this study, experiments and simulations are used to investigate heat and mass transfer in a furnace‐based micropyrolyzer. Surprisingly, heating rates obtained from the temperature history of sample cups in the reactor were modest compared to the greater than 1000 K s−1 heating rates sometimes assumed for such reactors. The heating rate at 773 K, employed commonly in fast pyrolysis, was only 180 K s−1. The highest rate observed was 494 K s−1 at a furnace temperature of 1268 K, which is well above typical pyrolysis temperatures. The mass transfer of volatilized samples was studied using both an optically accessible furnace and computational fluid dynamics. The standard sample cups used with these micropyrolyzers impede the escape of vapors. The use of shallow perforated cups overcame this mass transfer limitation to lead to levoglucosan yields ≈10 % higher than usually reported for the pyrolysis of cellulose.
One‐Pot Conversion of Carbohydrates into 5‐(Hydroxymethyl)furfural using Heterogeneous Lewis‐Acid and Brønsted‐Acid Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Tingwei , Fan Wei , Li Wenzhi , Xu Zhiping , Xin Haosheng , Su Mingxue , Lu Yijuan , Ma Longlong 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSn‐β zeolite and PTSA–POM, made from the copolymerization of p‐toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) and paraformaldehyde (POM), were used for the production of 5‐(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) from glucose in an environmentally friendly solvent system including γ‐valerolactone (GVL) and H2O. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, solvent, and catalyst‐to‐reactant ratio on the production of HMF were investigated. The combination of the Brønsted acid and Lewis acid catalysts largely improved the catalytic system and resulted in the production of HMF in 60.1 % yield at 140 °C in 30 min. The presence of water in the solvent had a positive influence on the production of HMF from glucose. The combination of the two catalysts also improved the catalytic performance for the production of HMF from cellulose and corn stalk.
Seismic fragility and reliability of structures isolated by friction pendulum devices: seismic reliability‐based design (SRBD)
Authors: Castaldo Paolo , Amendola Guglielmo , Palazzo Bruno 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThe paper deals with the seismic reliability of elastic structural systems equipped with friction pendulum isolators (friction pendulum system). The behavior of these systems is analyzed by employing a two‐degree‐of‐freedom model accounting for the superstructure flexibility, whereas the friction pendulum system device behavior is described by adopting a widespread model that considers the variation of the friction coefficient with the velocity. With reference to medium soil condition, the uncertainty in the seismic inputs is taken into account by considering a set of artificial records, obtained through Monte Carlo simulations within the power spectral density method, with different frequency contents and characteristics depending on the soil dynamic parameters and scaled to increasing intensity levels. The sliding friction coefficient at large velocity is also considered as random variable modeled through a uniform probability density function. Incremental dynamic analyses are developed in order to evaluate the probabilities exceeding different limit states related to both r.c. superstructure and isolation level defining the seismic fragility curves through an extensive parametric study carried out for different structural system properties.Finally, considering the seismic hazard curves related to a site near L'Aquila (Italy), the seismic reliability of the r.c. superstructure systems is evaluated, and seismic reliability‐based design abacuses are derived with the aim to define the radius in plan of the friction pendulum devices in function of the structural properties and reliability level expected. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Valuation of Power Exchange Options with Counterparty Risk and Jump Risk
Authors: Wang Xingchun , Song Shiyu , Wang Yongjin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis study presents a pricing model for power exchange options, in which the possibility of default by the risky counterparty as well as the arrival of important business information are taken into consideration. The idiosyncratic and common jump components induced by the arrival of business information are subsumed into all asset price processes whose dynamics are correlated with each other. Employing the measure‐change technique, we obtain a pricing formula for the values of power exchange options with counterparty risk. At last, based on the derived formula, we numerically analyze the impacts of counterparty risk and jump risk on option prices. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 37:499–521, 2017
The longitudinal relationship between mental health disorders and chronic disease for older adults: a population‐based study
Authors: Chen Chun‐Min , Lee I‐Chen , Su Yung‐Yu , Mullan Judy , Chiu Herng‐Chia 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveAlthough mental health disorders in older adults are common, their relationship with chronic disease and the influence of chronic disease on the development of mental health disorders over time is not well understood. This longitudinal study investigated the change in status of mental health disorders and chronic disease, as well as their interrelationships, over time.MethodsParticipants included community‐dwelling older adults living in Taiwan, aged 65 years or older, who completed six waves of survey interviews. Mental health disorders were scored using the Short Psychiatric Evaluation Schedule, and chronic disease(s) status was recorded during consecutive biennial data collection waves. The autoregressive latent trajectory model and parallel latent growth curve model were used for data analysis.ResultsThe study findings suggest that in older people pre‐existing mental health disorders and/or chronic disease(s) will predispose them to developing significantly more mental health disorders and/or chronic diseases respectively. The study findings also suggest that pre‐existing mental health disorders can significantly contribute to the development of chronic disease over time, and that pre‐existing chronic disease(s) significantly can contribute to the development of mental health disorders over time, indicating a reciprocal interrelationship.ConclusionsOur study findings suggest that it in addition to monitoring and treating chronic disease(s) in older people, it is also important to monitor and treat their mental health disorders. Doing so will result in overall better health outcomes and will facilitate a better quality of life as they age. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION DURING PREGNANCY AND TEMPERAMENT IN EARLY INFANCY: FINDINGS FROM A MULTI‐ETHNIC, ASIAN, PROSPECTIVE BIRTH COHORT STUDY
Authors: Chong Shang‐Chee , Broekman Birit Fp , Qiu Anqi , Aris Izzuddin M. , Chan Yiong Huak , Rifkin‐Graboi Anne , Law Evelyn , Chee Cornelia Yin Ing , Chong Yap‐Seng , Kwek Kenneth Y.C. , Saw Seang Mei , Gluckman Peter D. , Meaney Michael J. , Chen Helen 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTMaternal antenatal mood is associated with negative infant temperament. This link has not been substantiated in Asian populations. We evaluated the association between antenatal maternal mood and infant temperament among Asian mother–infant pairs. Antenatal maternal depression and anxiety were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (J. Cox, J. Holden, & R. Sagovsky, 1987) and the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (C. Spielberger, R. Gorsuch, R. Lushene, P. Vagg, & G. Jacobs, 1983), respectively, at 26 weeks of pregnancy and 3 months’ postnatally. Infant temperament was evaluated with the Early Infant Temperament Questionnaire (B. Medoff‐Cooper, W.B. Carey, & S.C. McDevitt, 1993) at 3 months. Factor analysis was performed to extract culturally relevant categories of temperamental traits. Linear regression was performed to examine the influences of antenatal maternal mood on the factor‐model‐derived infant temperament. Of the 609 mothers, 11% met risk criteria for depression, 17% for state‐anxiety, and 19% for trait‐anxiety during pregnancy. Factor analysis yielded three infant temperament factors: Emotionality and Attentional Regulation, Sensory Reactivity, and Regularity and Motor Expression, Cronbach's αs = 0.613, 0.712, and 0.752, respectively. Maternal antenatal state‐anxiety, p < .001, and trait anxiety, p = .005, were associated with negative emotionality and poor attentional regulation, especially among Chinese, whereas depression was not, p = .090. There was an association between maternal antenatal anxiety and negative infant temperamental traits in this Asian sample.
TRAJECTORIES OF CHANGE IN ATTACHMENT AND BIOBEHAVIORAL CATCH‐UP AMONG HIGH‐RISK MOTHERS: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Yarger Heather A. , Hoye Julie R. , Dozier Mary 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTUsing an intensive short‐term longitudinal design, this study first examined whether there were significant differences in maternal sensitivity and intrusiveness after completion of Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up (ABC; Dozier & the Infant‐Caregiver Project Lab, 2013) when compared to a control condition. The second aim was to explore the rate and shape of change in parenting behaviors. Participants were 24 mothers and their biological children, who were randomly assigned to ABC (n = 13) or a control condition (n = 11). A structured play assessment with each mother and her child was video‐recorded prior to randomization into the study, before each intervention session, and at a follow‐up visit. A total of 270 videos were coded for sensitivity and intrusiveness. Hierarchical linear growth models were used to estimate the total change in parenting qualities across the 10 intervention sessions when comparing ABC to a control condition. Piecewise hierarchical linear growth models were used to investigate patterns of change across the intervention for mothers within ABC. Mothers in the ABC condition showed greater increases in sensitivity and decreases in intrusiveness than mothers in the control condition. There was evidence for nonlinear patterns of change in sensitivity and intrusiveness among mothers in ABC. These results support the effectiveness of ABC in changing sensitivity quickly.
Adolescent Multilinguals’ Engagement With Religion in a Book Club
Authors: Choi Jayoung , Tinker Sachs Gertrude 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe study examines four adolescent multilinguals’ engagement with religion, as well as outcomes of that engagement, in an out‐of‐school book club. The qualitative analysis of participants’ talk in book club meetings, writing responses, and individual interviews revealed that multilinguals tap into their religious knowledge and identities in making sense of secular literature. Engaging with different religious identities in literature discussion inevitably led to conflicts and tensions, but the ways in which the multilinguals dealt with the conflicts varied. In spite of tensions, they gained academic and social competence as learners of English as an additional language (EAL). This investigation contributes to the scarce body of literature around the interconnectedness among religion, identity, and literacy. It also adds to the field by depicting interactions ofEALlearners from diverse religious backgrounds, nonbelievers and believers in Hinduism and Islam.
Artisanal and Small‐Scale Mining as an Informal Safety Net: Evidence from Tanzania
Authors: Aizawa Yoshio 
Published: August 2016

AbstractArtisanal and small‐scale mining (ASM) is an important means for diversifying economic activities to sustain people's rural livelihood in mineral‐rich African countries. To pursue economic benefits, ASM workers often take physical and legal risks in mining activities. However, a question arises as to whether the economic benefits are sufficient for explaining their engagement in risky mining activities. This article examines whether ASM functions as an informal safety net that brings social benefits to ASM workers and motivates their engagement in mining activities. To examine an informal safety net, the article analyses the case of artisanal and small‐scale gold mining in Geita, Tanzania. The result of the analysis states that social benefits are, in association with economic benefits, motivating factors for continuing the ASM activities. The analysis implies that in the ASM, the more impoverished sites are, the more functional they are in regard to exerting an informal safety net. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Agricultural irrigation‐induced climatic effects: a case study in the middle and southern Loess Plateau area, China
Authors: Xu Lihong , Shi Zhongjie , Wang Yanhui , Chu Xinzheng , Yu Pengtao , Xiong Wei , Zuo Haijun , Zhang Shulan 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIrrigation and rain‐fed agriculture, the main agricultural practices in the middle and southern Loess Plateau area, impact the regional climate in different ways. Based on 38 meteorological stations in the middle and southern Loess Plateau area, the effects of agricultural irrigation on climatic variables from 1960 to 2005 were evaluated. Climatic trends from non‐irrigated areas were used as a reference. Trends in climatic variables for the growing season and the summer period are negatively correlated with the percentage of cultivated land within a 3 km radius of the meteorological stations. Trends for the average summer temperature (Ta), maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin) and the diurnal temperature range (DTR) decreased by 0.065, 0.073, 0.054 and 0.025 °C per decade, respectively. Summer net solar radiation (SR) decreased by 0.0325 MJ m−2 day−1 per decade and summer relative humidity (RH) increased by 0.255% per decade with a 10% increase in the area of cultivated land. The climatic effects on meteorological stations in irrigated areas are compared to the trends of non‐irrigated areas in the study region. The expansion of irrigation has had a noticeable cooling effect on summer Ta, Tmax, Tmin and DTR with values of 0.192, 0.193, 0.142 and 0.058 °C (10 years)−1, respectively. Irrigation increased RH by 0.916% per decade and net radiation reduced by 0.230 MJ m−2 day−1 per decade. On monthly scales, these effects were more obvious in June and August. The dependence of climatic trends on the proportion of cultivated land can be attributed to agricultural irrigation. The changes in climatic differences for Ta, Tmax, Tmin, RH and SR corresponded with the expansion of irrigation. The cooling effects induced by irrigation have also partly masked the effects of greenhouse gas‐induced warming.