bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender-related differences in self-reported dental care in adults with congenital heart disease at increased risk of infective endocarditis
Authors: Schmidt Susann , Ramseier-Hadorn Marlies , Thomet Corina , Wustmann Kerstin , Schwerzmann Markus 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveAdults with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of infective endocarditis (IE). Women with CHD have a lower IE risk, potentially due to gender-related differences in dental care. We aimed to assess self-reported dental hygiene measures in adults with CHD, and to identify factors associated with good oral hygiene.Methods and resultsDescriptive study includes 187 adults with CHD at increased risk of IE. The patients’ IE knowledge was assessed using an adapted version of the Leuven Knowledge Questionnaire for CHD. Their mean age was 34.9±14.9 years, 73 of them (39%) were women, 91 (49%) were at high risk for IE, including 66 (35%) with a prosthetic valve, 14 (7%) with a history of IE and 11 (6%) with cyanotic CHD or residual shunts/valvular regurgitation in the proximity of prosthetic material. The self-defined IE knowledge score did not differ between men and women (21.6±10.0 vs 23.4±10.0; p=0.225). 126 patients (67%) reported to have a good oral hygiene. Female gender (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.4), and a higher IE knowledge score (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.5, per 5 points) were the variables independently associated with good oral hygiene.ConclusionsIn adults with CHD, patients with a higher IE knowledge score and women are more likely to practise dental care as recommended. Gender differences in oral hygiene practise may explain the observed lower female IE incidence rate. Efforts to improve patients’ knowledge on IE are encouraged.
A new approach for manufacturing and processing targets to produce 99mTc with cyclotrons
Authors: Matei L. , McRae G. , Galea R. , Niculae D. , Craciun L. , Leonte R. , Surette G. , Langille S. , Louis C. St. , Gelbart W. , Abeysekera B. , Johnson R. R. 
Published: May 2017

The most important radioisotope for nuclear medicine is [Formula: see text]Tc. After the supply crisis of [Formula: see text]Mo starting in 2008, the availability of [Formula: see text]Tc became a worldwide concern. Alternative methods for producing the medical imaging isotope [Formula: see text]Tc are actively being developed around the world. The reaction [Formula: see text]Mo(p, 2n)[Formula: see text]Tc provides a direct route that can be incorporated into routine production in nuclear medicine centers that possess medical cyclotrons for production of other isotopes, such as those used for Positron Emission Tomography. This paper describes a new approach for manufacturing targets for the (p, 2n) nuclear reaction on [Formula: see text]Mo and the foundation for the subsequent commercial separation and purification of the [Formula: see text]Tc produced. Two designs of targets are presented. The targets used to produce [Formula: see text]Tc are subject to a number of operational constraints.They must withstand the temperatures generated by the irradiation, accommodate temperature gradients from cooling system of the target, must be resilient and must be easily post-processed to separate the [Formula: see text]Tc. After irradiation, the separation of Tc from Mo was carried out using an innovative two-step approach. The process described in this paper can be automated with modules that easily fit in standard production hot cells found in nuclear medicine facilities.
Characterization of 41Ar production in air at a PET cyclotron facility
Authors: Cicoria Gianfranco , Cesarini Francesco , Infantino Angelo , Vichi Sara , Zagni Federico , Marengo Mario 
Published: May 2017

In the production of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) nuclides at a medical cyclotron facility [Formula: see text]Ar (T[Formula: see text] = 109.34 m) is produced by the activation of air due to the neutron flux, according to the [Formula: see text]Ar(n, [Formula: see text])[Formula: see text]Ar reaction. In this work, we describe a relatively inexpensive and readily reproducible methodology of air sampling that can be used for quantification of [Formula: see text]Ar during the routine production of PET nuclides. We report the results of an extensive measurement campaign in the cyclotron bunker and in the ducts of the ventilation system, before and after final filtering of the extracted air. Air Samples were analyzed using a gamma-ray spectrometry system equipped with HPGe detector, with proper correction of the efficiency calibration to account for the samples density. The results of measurement were then used to evaluate the Total Effective Dose (TED) to the population living in the surrounding areas, due to routine emissions in the operation of the cyclotron. The average [Formula: see text]Ar saturation yield per one liter of air emitted in the environment resulted to be (0.044 ± 0.007) Bq/([Formula: see text]A ⋅ dm3). The maximum value of TED for the critical group of the population, even considering an overestimated workload, was less than 0.19 [Formula: see text]Sv/year, well below the level of radiological relevance.
Geochemical and U–Pb zircon age characterization of granites of the Bathani Volcano Sedimentary sequence, Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex, eastern India: vestiges of the Nuna supercontinent in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone
Authors: Saikia Ashima , Gogoi Bibhuti , Kaulina Tatiana , Lialina Liudmila , Bayanova Tamara , Ahmad Mansoor 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

The Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) marks the suture zone where the North and South Indian cratonic blocks amalgamated to form the Greater Indian Landmass (GIL). It consists of three broad domains from west to east: the central CITZ occupying the central region of mainland India juxtaposed between two mobile belts, namely the Sausar Mobile Belt (SMB) in the south and the Mahakoshal Mobile Belt (MMB) in the north; the Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex (CGGC) lying east of the main CITZ; and the easternmost Shillong Plateau Gneissic Complex (SPGC). The studied granites are from the Bathani Volcano Sedimentary sequence (BVSs) from the northern margin of the CGGC. These are high-K, calc-alkaline, I-type granites related to arc magmatism and are interpreted to have formed by partial melting of an igneous source at upper-crustal depths. The granitic magma underwent extensive fractional crystallization of plagioclase, biotite, K-feldspar and ilmenite during emplacement. The U–Pb (ID-TIMS) zircon emplacement age is
c.
1.7–1.6 Ga for these granites. This episode of magmatism can be correlated to the global event of the Nuna supercontinent assembly also reported from the MMB of the central CITZ. We infer that the BVSs is the eastern continuation of the MMB of the central CITZ.
Preanalytical Stability of Antibodies to Pathogenic Antigens
Authors: Hodgkinson Verity S. , Egger Sam , Betsou Fay , Waterboer Tim , Pawlita Michael , Michel Angelika , Baker Mark S. , Banks Emily , Sitas Freddy 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background: Serologic testing for antibodies against epitopes from pathogens is a valuable tool for investigating the relationship between infection and disease. This study comprehensively evaluates the impact of preanalytic variation on antibody seropositivities to a selected set of antigens arising from delays in processing of blood samples, preprocessing storage temperature, and vacutainer type.
Methods: We assessed peripheral blood collected from 29 volunteers in four different Vacutainer types [ethylenediaminoetetraacetic acid (EDTA), acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD), lithium heparin (LH), serum separator tubes (SST)], and stored at 4°C or room temperature for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days before processing. Multiplex serology was used to determine antibody reactivity against 35 antigens derived from human papillomaviruses, human polyomaviruses, Epstein–Barr virus, and Helicobacter pylori. Cohen's κ statistic was used to measure agreement on seropositivity status between samples exposed to standard and nonstandard clinical practice conditions.
Results: For samples processed without delay, κ was not associated with storage-temperature (P value range 0.23 to 0.95) or vacutainer type (P value range, 0.35–0.89). Kappa did not significantly decline with increasing delays in processing for any vacutainer-type storage temperature combination (P slope range, 0.06–1.00).
Conclusions: Antibodies to epitopes from various pathogenic infectious agents can be measured reliably from samples stored in SST, EDTA, ACD, or LH vacutainers at either room temperature or 4°C for up to 6 days before processing.
Impact: Serologic testing is robust to several preanalytic options. These findings are particularly important for epidemiologic studies recruiting participants from remote settings where sample exposure to preanalytic conditions can vary considerably. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(8); 1337–44. ©2017 AACR.
Eratosthenes’ Erigone fr. 4 Rosokoki (= 22 Powell)
Authors: Rozokoki Alexandra 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe proposal I make for the restoration of fr. 22 Powell of theErigoneby Eratosthenes faithfully rewrites the manuscript tradition and does not conflict with the metre, as the line Ἰκαριοῖ, etc. (see fr. 4 R.) is balanced, thanks to the trihemimeral caesura and the bucolic diaeresis. To further my argument, I cite a series of hexameters from both earlier epic as well as that of the Hellenistic era, where the secondary caesurae (trihemimeral + hephthemimeral or bucolic) are either found alone or are reinforced, as the main caesura is absent or cannot be applied given the enclitic, preposition, and (sometimes) elision. Starting from the surviving line, I argue that in theErigonemention was certainly made of the origins of tragedy, which are located in Attica. Eratosthenes drew from a pre-existing theory and, through his authority, made it the prevailing one. This can be seen from a plethora of similar evidence, in both later Greek and Latin authors and scholars.
Trombones Elicit Bitter More Strongly Than Do Clarinets: a Partial Replication of Three Studies of Crisinel and Spence
Authors: Watson Quentin J. , Gunther Karen L. 
Published: May 2017

We present a partial replication of the crossmodal pitch/taste correspondence of Crisinel and Spence. Male college students () were asked to judge the pitch (F1–C4 on trombone; F3–C6 on clarinet) that best corresponded with each of four tastants (unsweetened coffee, unsweetened chocolate, salt, and sugar). With trombone there was a significant effect of tastant [, , ] with unsweetened chocolate being associated with the lowest pitch and sugar with the highest. With clarinet we did not find a significant effect [, , ]. The average across instruments was significant [, , ]. When looking at the effect of taster status, we found a significant correlation [, ] with supertasters associating the bitterness of a PTC strip with higher pitches than did nontasters — this is in contrast with Crisinel and Spence’s finding of no correlation with taster status. In light of the ‘replication crisis’ in psychology as found by the Open Science Collaboration, it is noteworthy that this crossmodal pitch/taste correspondence, at least for trombone, was replicated in a different lab.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Lake Breezes over Lake Taihu, China
Authors: Wang Yongwei , Gao Yaqi , Qin Hairun , Huang Jianping , Liu Cheng , Hu Cheng , Wang Wei , Liu Shoudong , Lee Xuhui 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLake Taihu is a shallow lake located in the Yangtze River delta region in eastern China. Lake breezes and their interactions with urban heat islands are of great importance to air quality and weather forecasting. In this study, surface observations at a dense network and Wind Profile Radar measurements were utilized to characterize the lake breezes at Lake Taihu and assess the impact of geophysical factors on the development and intensity of the lake breezes. The lake breezes were characterized by a low occurrence frequency of 12%–17% (defined as the percentage of days with lake breezes in a given month), weak speed (annual mean ranging from 1.5 to 3.3 m s−1), late onset [average onset around 1110 local standard time (LST), with a range of 0900–1300 LST], short duration (annual mean 3.5 h), and low circulation depth (average depth of 400 m from 1200 to 1400 LST). The lake breezes were greatly suppressed when the geostrophic winds were higher than 4.1 m s−1. The low heat capacity of shallow water (mean depth 2.0 m) led to small temperature differences between the land and the lake, which was the main factor responsible for the low occurrence frequency along Lake Taihu. All of the characteristic parameters showed distinct seasonal variations. Increased frequencies, earlier onset times, and longer durations on the northern lakeshore were indicative of the impact of the urban heat island on the lake breezes.
Spectral Dependence of the Seawater–Air Radiance Transmission Coefficient
Authors: Voss Kenneth J. , Flora Stephanie 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe transmission coefficient TL commonly used to propagate the upwelling nadir radiance from just below the ocean surface to above the surface has been assumed to be a constant value of 0.543 in seawater. Because the index of refraction of seawater varies with wavelength, salinity, and temperature, the variation of TL with these parameters should be taken into account, especially if low uncertainty is required for the quantities derived using TL. In particular, the wavelength dependence of this factor is important. For example, at a salinity of 35 g kg−1 and a temperature of 26°C, TL will be 1.3% lower at 380 nm and 1.1% higher at 700 nm than the constant value (0.543) and should be taken into account when calculating the water-leaving radiance and the normalized water-leaving radiance from in-water measurements.
Rational Choice Theory and Interest in the “Fortune of Others”
Authors: Paternoster Ray , Jaynes Chae Mamayek , Wilson Theodore 
Published: May 2017

Objectives: We test the relationship between other-regarding preferences (concerns for other people) and intentions to drink and drive and whether these preferences condition the effect of sanction threats on willingness to drink and drive. Methods: A sample of university undergraduates played common economic games (dictator and ultimatum games) and responded to a hypothetical scenario about drinking and driving. Ordinary least squares regression models were used with the full sample and then separate samples for those with differing levels of other-regarding preferences (social preferences). Results: Net of other factors including sanction threats, demographics, measures of individual propensity, and previous experience with drinking and driving, those with strong other-regarding preferences (as indicated by responses to dictator and ultimatum games) were less likely to state that they would drive while drunk under the conditions described by the scenario. In support of differential deterrence, the self-interested were deterred by sanction threats, but those with stronger other-regarding preferences were not deterred by the perceived certainty of sanctions. Conclusions: Our findings speak to the importance of more than self-interest in explaining antisocial behavior and thereby expanding the conceptual boundaries of rational choice theory to include more than self-interest.
The Efficacy of Adenotonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Children with Down Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nation Javan , Brigger Matthew 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveDetermine the efficacy of adenotonsillectomy in children with Down syndrome.Data SourcesDatabases included PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. The search was inclusive of all references available through January 5, 2017.Review MethodsA systematic review of the medical literature addressing adenotonsillectomy in treating obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses. Data were pooled using a random‐effects model where possible. The quality of studies was graded using the Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies criteria.ResultsOf the 957 articles screened, 5 met inclusion for the qualitative analysis and 3 met criteria for the quantitative analysis. The findings of the qualitative analysis were that adenotonsillectomy has a positive effect on children with Down syndrome but in many cases is noncurative, up to 75% need postoperative breathing support, there is a high rate of immediate postoperative airway needs, and there is no change in sleep efficiency or architecture. The articles consistently reported moderate success in improving polysomnographic parameters, and limited pooling of the data demonstrated a mean decrease of the apnea‐hypopnea index by 51% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46%‐55%).ConclusionA 51% reduction in the preoperative apnea‐hypopnea index can be expected with the intervention of adenotonsillectomy alone in children with Down syndrome. This information is useful for counseling and managing patient and family expectations. It also serves as a reminder to clinicians to obtain a postoperative sleep study, as many of these patients will need nighttime airway support or secondary sleep surgery.
Compared Outcomes of Concurrent versus Staged Transoral Robotic Surgery with Neck Dissection
Authors: Frenkel Catherine H. , Yang Jie , Zhang Mengru , Altieri Maria S. , Telem Dana A. , Samara Ghassan J. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveOutcomes of concurrent versus staged neck dissection with transoral robotic surgery have not been studied. This study compares outcomes of concurrent versus staged transoral robotic surgery and neck dissection.DesignRetrospective administrative database analysis.SettingArticle 28 licensed inpatient and outpatient care facilities in New York State.Subjects/MethodsAdults undergoing transoral robotic surgery with staged or concurrent neck dissection from 2008 to 2014 were identified in the New York Statewide Planning and Research Collaborative System database. We compared complications, readmissions, subsequent procedures, and length of stay for concurrent versus staged procedures with multivariable logistic regression and multiple linear regression models.ResultsOf the 425 patients undergoing transoral robotic surgery and neck dissection, 333 had concurrent procedures, and 92 had staged. Risk‐adjusted length of stay for concurrent procedures was 42.3% less than that of staged procedures (P <. 0001). Neck dissection timing was not associated with postoperative complications (P =. 41), readmissions (P =. 67), or additional procedures, including reconstruction, tracheostomy, or gastrostomy (P =. 17,. 84,. 82, respectively). Bleeding (7.8%) was the most common complication, and the majority (78.8%) required reoperation. Bleeding or surgical error was not associated with either concurrent or staged surgery (concurrent vs staged: adjusted odds ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.35‐1.37; P =. 26).ConclusionsConcurrent and staged procedures are equivalent with respect to adverse events, but length of stay is shorter for concurrent procedures. Cost and clinical benefits associated with length of stay are unknown, and it is reasonable to allow operator preference and patient factors to determine surgical logistics.
Chemical exchange-sensitive spin-lock MRI of glucose analog 3-O-methyl-d-glucose in normal and ischemic brain
Authors: Jin Tao , Mehrens Hunter , Wang Ping , Kim Seong-Gi 
Published: May 2017

Glucose transport is important for understanding brain glucose metabolism. We studied glucose transport with a presumably non-toxic and non-metabolizable glucose analog, 3-O-methyl-d-glucose, using a chemical exchange-sensitive spin-lock MRI technique at 9.4 Tesla. 3-O-methyl-d-glucose showed comparable chemical exchange properties with d-glucose and 2-deoxy-d-glucose in phantoms, and higher and lower chemical exchange-sensitive spin-lock sensitivity than Glc and 2-deoxy-d-glucose in in vivo experiments, respectively. The changes of the spin-lattice relaxation rate in the rotating frame (Δ R1ρ) in normal rat brain peaked at ∼15 min after the intravenous injection of 1 g/kg 3-O-methyl-d-glucose and almost maintained a plateau for >1 h. Doses up to 4 g/kg 3-O-methyl-d-glucose were linearly correlated with Δ R1ρ. In rats with focal ischemic stroke, chemical exchange-sensitive spin-lock with 3-O-methyl-d-glucose injection at 1 h after stroke onset showed reduced Δ R1ρ in the ischemic core but higher Δ R1ρ in the peri-core region compared to normal tissue, which progressed into the ischemic core at 3 h after stroke onset. This suggests that the hyper-chemical exchange-sensitive spin-lock region observed at 1 h is the ischemic penumbra at-risk of infarct. In summary, 3-O-methyl-d-glucose-chemical exchange-sensitive spin-lock can be a sensitive MRI technique to probe the glucose transport in normal and ischemic brains.
A randomized controlled trial to treat impaired learning and memory in multiple sclerosis: The self-GEN trial
Authors: Goverover Yael , Chiaravalloti Nancy , Genova Helen , DeLuca John 
Published: May 2017

Background: Difficulties in learning and memory are among the most persistent and frequently reported cognitive symptoms in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: To examine the efficacy of the self-generation learning program ( self-GEN trial) that consist of behavioral intervention sessions, teaching self-generation technique while using metacognitive strategies to improve learning and memory abilities in persons with MS. Additionally, the treatment aimed to address generalization of the treatment to activities of daily living. Methods: This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial included 35 participants with clinically definite MS, 19 in the treatment group and 16 in the placebo control group. Participants completed a baseline neuropsychological assessment, including questionnaires assessing everyday memory and a repeat assessment immediately post-treatment. Results: The treatment group showed significantly improved learning and memory, self-regulation, and metacognition relative to the placebo post-treatment. Similar results were noted on measures of depression, functional status, and quality of life (QOL). Conclusion: This study provides initial Class I evidence that the self-GEN behavioral intervention improves memory, self-regulation, functional status, affective symptomatology, and QOL in patients with MS.