bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temozolomide Low-dose Chemotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Low-grade Gliomas: Activity, Safety, and Long-term Follow-up
Authors: Villani Veronica , Merola Roberta , Vidiri Antonello , Fabi Alessandra , Carosi Mariantonia , Giannarelli Diana , Marucci Laura , Maschio Marta , Carapella Carmine M. , Pace Andrea 
Published: October 2016

Purpose To explore the efficacy and toxicity of an extended schedule of temozolomide (50 mg/mq 1 week on/1 week off) in a population of newly diagnosed low-grade gliomas (LGG). Methods Primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) at 12 and 24 months and response rate evaluated with Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Criteria. Secondary endpoints were clinical benefit (reduction of seizures frequency), reduction of steroid, and modifications of Karnofsky Performance Status. Results From 2006 to 2009, we enrolled 14 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed LGG: 8 grade II astrocytomas, 2 oligodendroglioma, and 4 oligo-astrocytoma. Temozolomide was administered for 18 cycles (mean) per patient (range 3-24 cycles). In 57.5% (n = 8), we observed stable disease, 28.5% (n = 4) presented a minor response, and 14% (n = 2) showed progression. Five patients presented early progression during the first year of treatment and the study was stopped. A relevant clinical benefit was observed in 85% of patients (seizure control). After 6 years of follow-up, only 4 patients died. Prolonged PFS was associated with 1p-19q codeletion over 1p-19q intact (35 vs 4 months; p<0.04) and IDH1 mutation over IDH1 wild-type (36 vs 6 months; p<0.009). Conclusions The study was interrupted for the high rate of progression observed in the first 14 patients enrolled. However, our results show that an extended low dose of temozolomide presents interesting activity with objective response and clinical benefit, but does not seem to prevent progression in patients presenting unfavorable molecular prognostic factors.
Preconception HbA1c Levels in Adolescents and Young Adults and Adverse Birth Outcomes
Authors: McCarthy Katharine J. , Liu Shelley H. , Kennedy Joseph , Chan Hiu Tai , Howell Frances , Boychuk Natalie , Mayer Victoria L. , Vieira Luciana , Tabaei Bahman , Seil Kacie , Van Wye Gretchen , Janevic Teresa 
Published: September 2024

ImportanceSubclinical hyperglycemia before pregnancy may be associated with the likelihood of maternal morbidity but is understudied among young people.ObjectiveTo explore the association of preconception hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels among adolescents and young adults with risk of gestational diabetes at first live birth.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used linked 2009 to 2017 birth registry, hospital discharge, and New York City Department of Health A1C Registry data for birthing individuals aged 10 to 24 years with no history of diabetes and at least 1 preconception HbA1c test in New York, New York. Statistical analysis was performed from August to November 2022.ExposurePreconception HbA1c values categorized as no diabetes (HbA1c &amp;lt;5.7%) or prediabetes (HbA1c ≥5.7% to &amp;lt;6.5%).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was gestational diabetes at first birth. Secondary outcomes included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, cesarean delivery, and macrosomia. Log binomial regression was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) of gestational diabetes at first birth by preconception HbA1c level, adjusting for prepregnancy characteristics. The optimal HbA1c threshold for gestational diabetes was examined using receiver operating curve regression.ResultsA total of 14 302 individuals (mean [SD] age, 22.10 [1.55] years) met study eligibility criteria. Of these, 5896 (41.0%) were Hispanic, 4149 (29.0%) were Black, 2583 (18.1%) were White, 1516 (10.6%) were Asian, and 185 (1.3%) had other or unknown race and ethnicity. Most (11 407 individuals [79.7%]) had normoglycemia before pregnancy, and 2895 individuals (20.2%) had prediabetes. Adjusting for prepregnancy characteristics, those with preconception prediabetes had more than twice the risk of gestational diabetes vs those with normoglycemia (adjusted RR [aRR], 2.21; 95% CI, 1.91-2.56). Preconception prediabetes was associated with small increases in the likelihood of a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (aRR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.03-1.35) and preterm delivery (aRR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37). The aRRs for cesarean delivery (aRR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.99-1.20) and macrosomia (aRR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.93-1.37) were increased but not statistically significant. The optimal HbA1c threshold to identify gestational diabetes among adolescents and young adults was 5.6%. The threshold did not vary by obesity status but was slightly lower among Hispanic individuals (HbA1c of 5.5%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study of adolescents and young adults with at least 1 preconception HbA1c test, prediabetes was associated with increased likelihood of maternal cardiometabolic morbidity at first birth. Efforts to optimize cardiometabolic health before pregnancy may avert excess maternal risk.
Assessing Methotrexate Adherence in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Using Electronic Health Record–Linked Pharmacy Dispensing Data
Authors: Abel Dori , Anderson David , Kallan Michael J. , Utidjian Levon , Burnham Jon M. , Chang Joyce C. , Kenyon Chén C. , Gmuca Sabrina 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveWe linked pharmacy dispensing data to clinical data in the electronic health record (EHR) to (1) identify characteristics associated with adherence to methotrexate (MTX) and (2) determine the association between adherence and disease activity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).MethodsWe conducted a single‐center retrospective cohort study of incident MTX recipients with JIA treated between January 2016 and September 2023 for ≥12 months. Using pharmacy dispensing data, complemented by EHR data, we estimated adherence using medication possession ratios (MPRs) over the first 365 days of treatment. We used Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests to compare patient characteristics between adherent (MPR ≥80%) and nonadherent (MPR <80%) groups and multivariable linear regression to investigate associations between MPR and active joint count.ResultsAmong 224 patients, 81 (36.2%) were classified as nonadherent. In bivariate analysis, patients of younger age, of Black race, and from areas with lower child opportunity index were more likely to be classified as nonadherent. In multivariable analysis, active joint count changed from baseline to 12‐month follow‐up by −0.38 joints in the adherent compared to nonadherent group (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.74 to −0.01) and by −1.18 joints in patients with polyarticular course (95% CI −2.23 to −0.13).ConclusionLinking dispense data to clinical EHR data offers a novel, objective method for evaluating adherence to chronic medications. We identified demographic and area‐level determinants of adherence, along with small but statistically significant differences in JIA disease activity measures by adherence status. Future work is needed to evaluate adherence as a potential mediator of known outcome disparities for socially disadvantaged populations.
Stabilizing Distorted Ductile Semiconductors for Excellent Ductility and Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Wang Yumeng , Chen Qiyong , Qiu Pengfei , Gao Zhiqiang , Yang Shiqi , Xi Lili , Yang Jiong , Shi Xun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElement doping/alloying is a common strategy to tune the electrical and thermal transports of thermoelectric (TE) materials, but the doping/alloying limit of foreign elements in many TE materials is usually very low, bringing a great challenge to improve the TE performance. In this work, beyond the classic principle of “like dissolves like,” it is found that choosing the compound with a severely distorted lattice and diversified chemical bonding as the matrix also facilitates achieving a high doping/alloying limit. Taking ductile semiconductors as an example, this work shows that gold (Au) element is nearly immiscible in Ag2S and Ag2Te, but has a relatively high alloying limit in complex Ag2S0.5Te0.5 meta‐phase. Au in Ag2S0.5Te0.5 significantly decreases the carrier concentration and improves the TE performance, but scarcely changes the mechanical properties. Consequently, Ag1.99Au0.01S0.5Te0.5 demonstrates both a high figure‐or‐merit of 0.95 at 550 K and extraordinary room‐temperature ductility. This work offers an effective and general strategy to develop stabilized doped/alloyed TE materials.
Real‐time augmentation of diagnostic nasal endoscopy video using AI‐enabled edge computing
Authors: Bidwell Jonathan , Gyawali Dipesh , Morse Jonathan , Ganeshan Vinayak , Nguyen Thinh , McCoul Edward D. 
Published: September 2024

Key points
AI‐enabled augmentation of nasal endoscopy video images is feasible in the clinical setting.
Edge computing hardware can interface with existing nasal endoscopy equipment.
Real‐time AI performance can achieve an acceptable balance of accuracy and efficiency.
Synergize Strong and Reactive Metal‐Support Interactions to Construct Sub‐2 nm Metal Phosphide Cluster for Enhanced Selective Hydrogenation Activities
Authors: Chen Zemin , Li Xinyu , Xu Guangyue , Xiao Tianci , Wang Dechen , Wang Chufei , Zhang Kaihang , Li Jiong , Pan Yang , Qiao Yan , Zhang Ying 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStrong metal‐support interactions (SMSI) are crucial for stabilizing sub‐2 nm metal sites, e.g. single atom (M1) or cluster (Mn). However, further optimizing sub‐2 nm sites to break the activity–stability trade‐off due to excessive interactions remains significant challenges. Accordingly, for the first time, we propose synergizing SMSI with reactive metal‐support interactions (RMSI). Comprehensive characterization confirms that the SMSI stabilizes the metal and regulates the aggregation of Ni1 into Nin site within sub‐2 nm. Meanwhile, RMSI modulates Nin through sufficiently activating P in the support and eventually generates sub‐2 nm metal phosphide Ni2P cluster (Ni2Pn). The synergetic metal‐support interactions triggered the adaptive coordination and electronic structure optimization of Ni2Pn, leading to the desired substrate adsorption‐desorption kinetics. Consequently, the activity of Ni2Pn site greatly enhanced towards the selective hydrogenations of p‐chloronitrobenzene and alkynyl alcohol. The formation rates of target products are up to 20.2 and 3.0 times greater than that of Ni1 and Nin site, respectively. This work may open a new direction for metal‐support interactions and promote innovation and application of active sites below 2 nm.
A strategic framework for sustainable quality management in the waste textile recycling industry within the context of the circular economy
Authors: Wei Yaru , Liu Yumin , Siraj Ahsan , Xu Jichao , Taneja Shilpa , Wang Ning 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the era of the circular economy (CE), the pursuit of sustainability in the textile recycling industry offers organizations a significant competitive edge in the global competitive marketplace. Sustainable quality management practices (SQMP) have long been focal point of interest among companies. However, there has been limited research on achieving CE objectives in the textile sector, particularly within emerging economies like China. A gap remains in exploring SQMP within the context of CE goals, specifically in providing a comprehensive evaluation of the challenges to achieving sustainable operational practices. This study aims to integrate theories from quality management (QM) and the resource‐based view with corporate environmental objectives in the waste textile recycling industry, to identify key challenges in implementing SQMP. A robust analytic approach combining the integrated cloud model, blind number theory, Decision‐Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), and interpretative structure modeling (ISM) was used to analyze expert scoring results and to establish contextual and hierarchical relationships between the identified barriers, leading to the development of a framework model. The results show that workforce diversity has the highest correlation with other barriers and is a critical trigger point for integrating SQMP into organizations. These insights will assist practitioners in prioritizing strategic measures to foster sustainable QM. Furthermore, this investigation holds important policy implications for stakeholders committed to advancing sustainable CE through the recycling and utilization of waste textiles.
Real‐world assessment of comprehensive genome profiling impact on clinical outcomes: A single‐institution study in Japan
Authors: Kunimasa Kei , Sugimoto Naotoshi , Yamasaki Tomoyuki , Kukita Yoji , Fujisawa Fumie , Inoue Tazuko , Yamaguchi Yuko , Kitasaka Mitsuko , Sakai Daisuke , Honma Keiichiro , Wakamatsu Toru , Yamamoto Sachiko , Hayashi Takuji , Mabuchi Seiji , Okuno Jun , Kawamura Takahisa , Kai Yugo , Urabe Makiko , Nishimura Kazuo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionComprehensive genome profiling (CGP) has revolutionized healthcare by offering personalized medicine opportunities. However, its real‐world utility and impact remain incompletely understood. This study examined the extent to which CGP leads to genomically matched therapy and its effectiveness.MethodsWe analyzed data from advanced solid tumor patients who underwent CGP panel between December 2019 and May 2023 at the Osaka International Cancer Institute. Patient demographics, specimen details, and expert panel assessments were collected. Turnaround time (TAT) and genomically matched therapy outcomes were analyzed. Gene alterations and their co‐occurrence patterns were also assessed.ResultsAmong 1437 patients, 1096 results were available for analysis. The median TAT was 63 [28–182] days. There were 667 (60.9%) cases wherein recommended clinical trials were presented and there were 12 (1.1%) cases that could be enrolled in the trial and 25 (2.3%) cases that could lead to therapies under insurance reimbursement. The median progression free survival of the trial treatment was 1.58 months (95% CI: 0.66–4.37) in clinical trials and 3.66 months (95% CI: 2.14–7.13) in treatment under insurance. Pathologic germline variants were confirmed in 15 patients (1.3%). Co‐alteration of CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and MTAP was significantly observed in overall population.ConclusionThe effectiveness of the genomically matched therapy based on the CGP panel was unsatisfactory. Expansion of clinical trials and utilization of remote clinical trials are required to ensure that the results of the CGP panel can be fully returned to patients.
Effects of salt stress on the rhizosphere soil microbial communities of Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. in the Yellow River Delta
Authors: Zhang Yumiao , Wang Huan , Zhang Xinhan , Feng Ziqi , Liu Junhua , Wang Yan , Shang Shuai , Xu Jikun , Liu Tao , Liu Longxiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStudies have shown that the microbiome of saline‐tolerant plants plays a significant role in promoting salt stress in non‐saline‐tolerant plants, but the microorganisms are still unclear. In the present study, the microbial diversity changes in Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. in the Yellow River Delta region were investigated. In the bacterial community, the dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of the low‐saline soil (YDL), moderate‐saline soil (YDM), and high‐saline soil (YDH) groups were Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota (at the phylum level), while Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungi in the fungal community. At the family level, with the increase of salinity, the relative abundance of Rhodobacteraceae (bacterial community), Thermoascaceae, and Phaffomycetaceae (fungal community) gradually increased; and to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports on the relationship between Thermoascaceae and Phaffomycetaceae families with salt stress. At the genus level, Salinimicrobium (bacterial community) was the dominant bacterium in the rhizosphere soil of the YDL, YDM, and YDH groups, while with the increase of salinity, the relative abundance of Byssochlamys and Wickerhamomyces (fungal community) gradually increased, and to the best of our knowledge there are no reports on the relationship between Byssochlamys and salt stress. Salinity mainly affected the bacterial community abundance, but it had little effect on the fungi community abundance. The bacterial community of the YDH group was dominated by bacteria of unknown origin (52.76%), while bacteria of unknown origin accounted for 26.46% and 20.78% of the bacterial communities in the YDM and YDL groups, respectively. The fungi community of the YDH group was dominated by YDL group fungi (relative abundance of 44.44%), followed by YDM group fungi (29.42%) and fungi of unknown origin (26.14%). These results provide a better understanding of the rhizosphere microbial diversity of saline–alkali‐tolerant plants, laying a foundation for developing a saline–alkali‐tolerant plant microbiome.
Association of environmental and behavioural factors with cardiovascular disease mortality
Authors: Açıktepe Bahadır , Esirgun Sevval Nil , Kocak Mehmet 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsRecognizing the rising concern of environmental impacts on health, the study aims to explore how specific environmental factors such as air pollution, humidity, and temperature variations contribute to the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, emphasizing the role of air quality, climate variables, and lifestyle factors in the disease mortality specifically.Methods and resultsAnalysis of province‐level data on CVD mortality in Turkey from 2010 to 2019, assessing the correlations with environmental and lifestyle factors like particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, meteorological variables, and smoking and alcohol consumption. The study employs the SAS TRAJ procedure and Ordinal Logistic Regression for statistical analysis. The multiplicity correction was done through Benjamini–Hoechberg false discovery rate (FDR) approach. As expected, both smoking and alcohol consumption were found to be significantly associated with CVD mortality (odds ratio (OR): 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.11, P‐value < 0.0001). While median Air Pressure and Humidity were among the most significant markers with OR of 1.10 indicating an increasing CVD mortality, their variability metrics such as coefficient of variation (CV) showed significant protective effects with OR of 0.37 and 0.89, respectively. Temperature and its variability seemed to be protective overall.ConclusionsOur research highlights the significant influence of environmental factors on cardiovascular health, especially air pressure and humidity, beyond the known factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption. These findings suggest the need for comprehensive public health strategies that address both environmental and lifestyle risk factors to effectively reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases.
Sex differences in cardiac structure and function following acute myocardial infarction: Insights from the PARADISE‐MI echocardiographic substudy
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Pabon Maria A. , Cikes Maja , Jering Karola , Mullens Wilfried , Kober Lars , Jhund Pardeep S. , Kovacs Attila , Merkely Bela , Zhou Yinong , McMurray John J.V. , Shah Amil M. , Hegde Sheila M. , Claggett Brian , Pfeffer Marc A. , Solomon Scott D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsThe incidence of heart failure hospitalization is higher in women than in men after myocardial infarction (MI). Sex‐related differences in left ventricular (LV) remodelling may contribute to the differences in post‐MI outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess sex differences in echocardiographic parameters post‐MI, and whether the relationship between echocardiographic parameters and clinical outcomes differs by sex.Methods and resultsIn the PARADISE‐MI trial, patients were randomized to sacubitril/valsartan or ramipril within 0.5 to 7 days of high‐risk MI. In the pre‐specified echocardiographic substudy, 544 patients underwent echocardiography at the time of randomization and after 8 months. We compared key echocardiographic parameters in men and women and their association with primary composite outcome (cardiovascular death or incident heart failure). At baseline, women had higher LV ejection fraction (LVEF), lower LV end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV) index, LV end‐systolic volume (LVESV) index, and LV mass index. After adjusting for baseline clinical differences, changes in these echocardiographic parameters from baseline to 8 months were not significantly different in women versus men. Lower LVEF, higher LVEDV, LVESV, left atrial volume index, and average E/e' were associated with a higher risk of the primary composite outcome. Sex did not modify the relationship between echocardiographic parameters and clinical outcome.ConclusionsDespite baseline differences in measures of cardiac function between men and women following acute high‐risk MI, there were no significant sex‐related changes in chamber size or LV function. Sex did not modify the association between echocardiographic parameters and clinical outcome.
Bridging the gap in early career teachers' STEM pedagogy: Exploring micro‐credentials as a possible creative solution
Authors: Solano Gina , Ramanathan Gurupriya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis exploratory study sought to address the gap in strengthening science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teacher preparation in elementary and secondary teacher education programs. Integrated STEM education is attracting increased attention and gaining momentum from educators, politicians, STEM industries, and the media across the nation. Many state and national organizations have called for a new workforce of problem solvers, innovators, and inventors who are self‐reliant and able to think logically, also suggesting that creating such capacity is one of the critical foundations that drive innovative capacity in the nation. A key to developing these skills is STEM competencies and career goals in every K‐12 student. To do this, teachers must be educated on how to connect STEM careers and integrate STEM content into their curriculum. Providing integrated STEM micro‐credentials for preservice and in‐service teachers can be a flexible solution for providing teachers a method to learn how to improve their content knowledge and pedagogy (Digital Promise, 2019). Participants were a combination of undergraduate preservice teachers and graduate early‐career teachers who were asked about their STEM preparation. The majority of the participants received very little to no integrated STEM preparation. As a possible solution for this, participants were asked about their preferred type of professional development (PD) and if participating in a micro‐credential course would be a possibility. Nearly all of the participants agreed that a self‐paced micro‐credential that blended online and in‐person instruction would be something they would do to learn how to integrate STEM more effectively into their pedagogy. Micro‐credentials could be a successful solution for educator PD.