bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Violence against Nursing Students in the Workplace: An Iranian Experience
Authors: Samadzadeh Samira , Aghamohammadi Masoumeh 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundWorkplace violence has a great impact on the quality of patient care and satisfaction. This study aimed to determine the extent of violence experienced by nursing students, and its predisposing factors.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study which was conducted on 150 nursing students in teaching hospitals of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. A questionnaire form was used for data collection.ResultsParticipants stated they were abused physically (12.7%), verbally (73.3%), racial (40.7%), and sexually (5.3%). The lack of awareness of the population about the tasks of the nursing students (40.0%) was the most important risk factor for violence against them.ConclusionThe violence against nursing students is a common problem in the workplace. It is mainly caused by the lack of awareness of people from the duties of the nursing students. Therefore, it is necessary to educate the population about the responsibilities of nurses and nursing students.
Georgian Dialect Corpus: Linguistic and Encyclopedic Information in Online Dictionaries
Authors: Beridze Marina , Nadaraia David , Bakuradze Lia 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The Georgian Dialect Corpus (GDC) has been created within the framework of the project “Linguistic Portrait of Georgia”. It was the first attempt to create a structured corpus of Georgian dialects. The work of this project includes building the technical framework for a corpus, collecting the corpus (text) data of Georgian dialects including the lexicographic data (dictionaries), their linguistic processing, digitizing, developing annotation framework, making decision on the morphosyntactic annotation. Currently, the Georgian Dialect Corpus is a platform consisting of the dialect corpus, the text library, the lexicographical database/online dialect dictionaries. For the purposes of developing the lexicographical database and dialect dictionaries, we have created a new program – the Lexicographic Editor. It allows us to structure and improve the dictionaries with multiple linguistic and lexicographic information. The lexicographic concept of the GDC has been developed taking into consideration linguistic and social features of the Georgian dialects.
New Spoken Corpora of Czech: ORTOFON and DIALEKT
Authors: Komrsková Zuzana , Kopřivová Marie , Lukeš David , Poukarová Petra , Goláňová Hana 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The paper introduces the ORTOFON corpus of spontaneous spoken Czech and the DIALEKT corpus of Czech dialects, their design principles and practical solutions adopted during data collection.
Subcategorization of Adverbial Meanings Based on Corpus Data
Authors: Mikulová Marie , Bejček Eduard , Kolářová Veronika , Panevová Jarmila 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We introduce a corpus based description of selected adverbial meanings in Czech sentences. Its basic repertory is one of a long lasting tradition in both scientific and school grammars. However, before the corpus era, researchers had to rely on their own excerption; but nowadays, current syntax has a vast material basis in the form of electronic corpora available. On the case of spatial adverbials, we describe our methodology which we used to acquire a detailed, comprehensive, well-arranged description of meanings of adverbials including a list of formal realizations with examples. Theoretical knowledge stemming from this work will lead into an improval of the annotation of the meanings in the Prague Dependency Treebanks which serve as the corpus sources for our research. The Prague Dependency Treebanks include data manually annotated on the layer of deep syntax and thus provide a large amount of valuable examples on the basis of which the meanings of adverbials can be defined more accurately and subcategorized more precisely. Both theoretical and practical results will subsequently be used in NLP, such as machine translation.
Annotation of the Evaluative Language in a Dependency Treebank
Authors: Šindlerová Jana 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In the paper, we present our efforts to annotate evaluative language in the Prague Dependency Treebank 2.0. The project is a follow-up of the series of annotations of small plaintext corpora. It uses automatic identification of potentially evaluative nodes through mapping a Czech subjectivity lexicon to syntactically annotated data. These nodes are then manually checked by an annotator and either dismissed as standing in a non-evaluative context, or confirmed as evaluative. In the latter case, information about the polarity orientation, the source and target of evaluation is added by the annotator. The annotations unveiled several advantages and disadvantages of the chosen framework. The advantages involve more structured and easy-to-handle environment for the annotator, visibility of syntactic patterning of the evaluative state, effective solving of discontinuous structures or a new perspective on the influence of good/bad news. The disadvantages include little capability of treating cases with evaluation spread among more syntactically connected nodes at once, little capability of treating metaphorical expressions, or disregarding the effects of negation and intensification in the current scheme.
TEDxSK and JumpSK: A New Slovak Speech Recognition Dedicated Corpus
Authors: Staš Ján , Hládek Daniel , Viszlay Peter , Koctúr Tomáš 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper describes a new Slovak speech recognition dedicated corpus built from TEDx talks and Jump Slovakia lectures. The proposed speech database consists of 220 talks and lectures in total duration of about 58 hours. Annotated speech database was generated automatically in an unsupervised manner by using acoustic speech segmentation based on principal component analysis and automatic speech transcription using two complementary speech recognition systems. The evaluation data consisting of 50 manually annotated talks and lectures in total duration of about 12 hours, has been created for evaluation of the quality of Slovak speech recognition. By unsupervised automatic annotation of TEDx talks and Jump Slovakia lectures we have obtained 21.26% of new speech segments with approximately 9.44% word error rate, suitable for retraining or adaptation of acoustic models trained beforehand.
Slavic Phraseology: A View Through Corpora
Authors: Zakharov Victor 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The study of word collocability is one of the main tasks of linguistics. The combinatory ability of language units, collocability, is one of the linguistic syntagmatic laws. This phenomenon is the main object of the phraseology and lexicography. The article deals with set phrases of different types in Russian, Czech and Slovak from the point of view of their quantitative evaluation. Corpus linguistics understand set phrases as statistically determined unities. This approach is the basic point of different automatic ways to extract idioms and collocations. The paper describes experiments which show how text corpora and corpus methods and tools can be used to expand the entries in existing dictionaries and how set phrases could be evaluated quantitatively. It is shown and maintained that corpus linguistics methods and tools allow to create dictionaries of new type which have to include a larger amount of set phrases and collocations than before.
Slovak Dependency Treebank in Universal Dependencies
Authors: Zeman Daniel 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We describe a conversion of the syntactically annotated part of the Slovak National Corpus into the annotation scheme known as Universal Dependencies. Only a small subset of the data has been converted so far; yet it is the first Slovak treebank that is publicly available for research. We list a number of research projects in which the dataset has been used so far, including the first parsing results.
Embeddings into monothetic groups
Authors: Doucha Michal 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We provide a very short elementary proof that every separable abelian group with a bounded invariant metric isometrically embeds into a monothetic group with a bounded invariant metric, in such a way that the result of Morris and Pestov that every separable abelian topological group embeds into a monothetic group is an immediate corollary. We show that the boundedness assumption cannot be dropped.
Graded Soft Expert Set as a Generalization of Hesitant Fuzzy Set
Authors: Qayyum Afshan , Shaheen Tanzeela 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Hesitant fuzzy sets play a vital role in decision analysis. Although they have been proved to be a landmark in evaluating information, there are certain deficiencies in their structure. Also, in decision analysis with the aid of hesitant fuzzy sets, the relative importance of the decision makers according to their area of expertise is ignored completely, which may be misleading in some situations. These sorts of issues have been resolved in this work by using graded soft expert (GSE) sets. The proposed structure is a modified form of soft expert sets. Some basic operations have been introduced, and certain laws satisfied by them have carefully been investigated. With the aid of GSE sets, a decision-making algorithm (accompanied with an example) has been developed in which experts have been given due weightage according to their area of expertise.
SMPPM a Modified Optical Wireless Multi-pulse PPM
Authors: Rouissat Mehdi , Borsali Ahmed R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSynchronized multi-pulse PPM “SMPPM” is a new proposed modulation scheme based on MPPM proposed for wireless optical systems. The proposed scheme resolves the symbol synchronization problem which may simplify the encoding and the decoding operations. It shows an important improvement in terms of data speed and bandwidth efficiency compared with conventional MPPM. On the other hand, SMPPM modulation shows a moderate power efficiency. In this article, we present the coding algorithm, expressions of spectral efficiency, normalized power requirements, and the data rate normalized to PPM, and we also present comparison of results with conventional MPPM.
Design of a High-Quality Optical Filter Based on 2D Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator for WDM Systems
Authors: Fallahi Vahid , Seifouri Mahmood 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this article, a 2D photonic crystal (PC)-based optical filter has been designed using a PC ring resonator. The resonator used is of square type with a square lattice constant, which has been designed by increasing the radius of the inner rods of the resonator. The filter designed can separate the light of the wavelength of 1545.3 nm with a transmission coefficient of 98 %. The bandwidth of the above wavelength is equal to 0.5 nm and hence the quality factor of the device at this wavelength is equal to 3091. The effects of the structural parameters, such as the refractive index, the lattice constant, the radius of the dielectric rods, the radius of the inner rods of the resonator on the behavior of the proposed device, are fully investigated. To obtain the photonic band gap, the plane wave expansion method is used. In addition, the finite difference time domain method is used to examine, simulate, and to obtain the output spectrum of the structure. The designed structure has both high transmission coefficient and quality factor. Comparatively speaking, it is also simple to design which justifies its use in other photonic crystal-based optical devices.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Improves Reclassification of Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Turcato Gianni , Cervellin Gianfranco , Bonora Antonio , Prati Danieli , Zorzi Elisabetta , Ricci Giorgio , Salvagno Gian Luca , Maccagnani Antonio , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe usual history of chronic heart failure (HF) is characterized by frequent episodes of acute decompensation (ADHF), needing urgent management in the emergency department (ED). Since the diagnostic accuracy of routine laboratory tests remains quite limited for predicting short-term mortality in ADHF, this retrospective study investigated the potential significance of combining red blood cell distribution width (RDW) with other conventional tests for prognosticating ADHF upon ED admission. We conducted a retrospective study including visits for episodes of ADHF recorded in the ED of the Uni versity Hospital of Verona throughout a 4-year period. Demo - graphic and clinical features were recorded upon patient presentation. All patients were subjected to standard Chest X-ray, electrocardiogram (ECG) and laboratory testing in - cluding creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), complete blood cell count (CBC), sodium, chloride, potassium and RDW. The 30-day overall mortality after ED presentation was defined as primary endpoint. Results: The values of sodium, creatinine, BNP and RDW were higher in patients who died than in those who survived, whilst hypochloremia was more frequent in patients who died than in those who survived. The multivariate model, incorporating these parameters, displayed a modest efficiency for predicting 30-day mortality after ED admission (AUC, 0.701; 95% CI, 0.662-0.738; p=0.001). Notably, the inclusion of RDW in the model significantly enhanced prediction efficiency, with an AUC of 0.723 (95% CI, 0.693-0.763; p<0.001). These results were confirmed with net reclassification improvement (NRI) analysis, showing that combination of RDW with conventional laboratory tests resulted in a much better prediction performance (net reclassification index, 0.222; p=0.001). The results of our study show that prognostic assessment of ADHF patients in the ED can be significantly improved by combining RDW with other conventional laboratory tests.
Comparison of Widely Used Biochemical Analytes in the Serum and Saliva Samples of Dialysis Patients
Authors: Alpdemir Medine , Eryilmaz Mehmet , Alpdemir Mehmet Fatih , Topçu Güler , Azak Alper , Yücel Doğan 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe aim of this study is to determine whether the saliva analysis is an alternative to routine biochemical and immunoassay analyses in patients undergoing perito - neal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD). Study group consisted of 40 healthy control, 44 PD and 44 HD patients. Routine biochemical analytes, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3, free T4, vitamin B12, ferritin and folic acid were measured. Compared to pre-HD, urea, creatinine, uric acid, potassium levels were lower in post-HD, and calcium, magnesium, vitamin B12 levels were higher in post-HD both in saliva and serum. Positive correlations between saliva and serum were found for TSH and ferritin in control; urea, LDH, K in PD; urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase in pre-HD, and gamma-glutamyl transferase, iron, TSH in post-HD. There was a negative correlation only for creatine kinase and Mg in pre-HD and calcium in post-HD. In all groups, a positive correlation was found for urea, creatinine and a negative correlation was found for magnesium. Our study showed higher salivary urea and creatinine levels in patient groups, consistent with serum levels. Based on these results, salivary urea and creatinine levels may be useful in the evaluation of azotemia in dialysis patients.
Serum Cystatin C Levels in COPD: Potential Diagnostic Value and Relation Between Respiratory Functions
Authors: Telo Selda , Kuluöztürk Mutlu , Deveci Figen , Kırkıl Gamze , Öner Önsel , Kaman Dilara 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackground:The aim of this study was to determine the level of serum cystatin C (CysC) in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) during exacerbation and stable periods and to investigate its potential diagnostic value and the relationship between CysC levels and the pulmonary function test (PFT).Methods:One hundred twenty-six patients with COPD (68 in stable periods, 58 during exacerbation periods) and 50 healthy subjects were included in the study. PFT, body mass index (BMI), white blood cell counts, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum urea and creatinine levels were evaluated in both groups of patients. CysC levels were measured in all participants.Results:Serum CysC levels were statistically higher in both COPD groups than the control group (p<0.001 for both) although there was no statistically significant difference between COPD groups (p>0.05). CysC levels showed negative correlation with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and a positive correlation with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with stable COPD. There was a positive correlation between serum CysC levels and serum urea, creatinine, CRP levels in patients with COPD exacerbation (r=0.333, p=0.011; r=0.260, p=0.049; r=0.414, p<0.01 respectively). When stable COPD and control groups were evaluated, serum CysC had an area under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.951 (0.909–0.994 95% CI: p<0.001).Conclusions:Our results showed that CysC levels increased in both COPD groups. Increased CysC levels may be related with lung function decline and inflammation in COPD patients. In addition, CysC levels may be a potential indicator for the diagnosis of COPD.
Clinical follow-up data and the rate of development of precocious and rapidly progressive puberty in patients with premature thelarche
Authors: Çiçek Dilek , Savas-Erdeve Senay , Cetinkaya Semra , Aycan Zehra 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Background:
We aimed to evaluate the clinical follow-up data of patients with premature thelarche and determine the rate of development of precocious and early puberty in these patients.

Methods:
The charts of 158 girls with premature thelarche who were followed-up in our pediatric endocrinology polyclinic were reviewed. The patients were divided into three groups according to the age at onset: group 1 (0–1 month) (n=12), group 2 (1–24 months) (n=40) and group 3 (2–8 years) (n=106).

Results:
At admission, the mean height standard deviation score (SDS), body weight (BW)-SDS, body mass index (BMI) and BMI-SDS were significantly higher in group 3 than in group 1 and group 2. At admission, 8.8% of the patients were obese and 24% of the patients were overweight. The majority of patients who were obese and overweight were in group 3. At the end of the follow-up, thelarche regressed in 24.7%, persisted in 32.9%, progressed in 25.9% and had a cyclic pattern in 16.5% of the patients. Precocious or rapidly progressive puberty developed in 47 of the 158 patients (29.7%). The mean age at progression to early or rapidly progressive puberty was 98.1±17.6 months. A total of 89.3% of the patients who progressed to early or rapidly progressive puberty were in group 3.

Conclusions:
Precocious or rapidly progressive puberty developed in 29.7% of subjects with premature thelarche. As patients who developed rapidly progressive puberty had a higher BW-SDS and BMI-SDS than those who did not, it is suggested that the increase in weight could stimulate rapidly progressive puberty in cases with premature thelarche.
Mycorrhizal fungi and microalgae modulate antioxidant capacity of basil plants
Authors: Hristozkova Marieta , Gigova Liliana , Geneva Maria , Stancheva Ira , Vasileva Ivanina , Sichanova Mariana , Mincheva Janet 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Mycorrhizal fungi, algae and cyanobacteria are some of the most important soil microorganisms and major components of a sustainable soil-plant system. This study presents for the first time evidence of the impact of green alga and cyanobacterium solely and in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plant-antioxidant capacity. In order to provide a better understanding of the impact of AMF and soil microalgae on Ocimum basilicum L. performance, changes in the pattern and activity of the main antioxidant enzymes (AOEs), esterases and non-enzymatic antioxidants including phenols, flavonoids, ascorbate, and α-tocopherols were evaluated. The targeted inoculation of O. basilicum with AMF or algae (alone and in combination) enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the plants and the degree of stimulation varied depending on the treatment. Plants in symbiosis with AMF exhibited the highest antioxidant potential as was indicated by the enhanced functions of all studied leaf AOEs: 1.5-, 2- and more than 10-fold rises of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR), respectively. The greatest increase in the total esterase activity and concentration of phenols, flavonoids and ascorbate was marked in the plants with simultaneous inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi and the green algae. 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycril-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay proved the increased plant antioxidant capacity after co-colonization of green algae and mycorrhizae.
Development and Comparison of Technical Solutions for Electricity Monitoring Equipment
Authors: Potapovs A. , Obushevs A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The paper focuses on the elaboration of a demand-side management platform for optimal energy management strategies; the topicality is related to the description and comparison of the developed electricity monitoring and control equipment. The article describes two versions based on Atmega328 and STM32 microcontrollers, a lower and higher level of precision, and other distinct performance parameters. At the end of the article, the results of the testing of the two types of equipment are given and their comparison is made.
Modelling the Spatial Distribution of Wind Energy Resources in Latvia
Authors: Aniskevich S. , Bezrukovs V. , Zandovskis U. , Bezrukovs D. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The paper studies spatial wind energy flow distribution in Latvia based on wind speed measurements carried out at an altitude of 10 m over a period of two years, from 2015 to 2016. The measurements, with 1 min increments, were carried out using certified measuring instruments installed at 22 observation stations of the Latvian National Hydrometeorological and Climatological Service of the Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre (LEGMC). The models of the spatial distribution of averaged wind speed and wind energy density were developed using the method of spatial interpolation based on the historical measurement results and presented in the form of colour contour maps with a 1×1 km resolution. The paper also provides the results of wind speed spatial distribution modelling using a climatological reanalysis ERA5 at the altitudes of 10, 54, 100 and 136 m with a 31×31 km resolution. The analysis includes the comparison of actual wind speed measurement results with the outcomes of ERA5 modelling for meteorological observation stations in Ainazi, Daugavpils, Priekuli, Saldus and Ventspils.