bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Axial‐field eddy‐current coupling: a 3D test problem for numerical experiments
Authors: Fontchastagner Julien , Lubin Thierry , Netter Denis 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper deals with a device which is particularly relevant to test 3D quasi‐static magnetic numerical computations: axial eddy‐current coupling. The authors have performed several numerical finite element method computations for this particular device. The eddy currents problem is solved thanks to 2 classical formulations based on magnetic vector and scalar potentials. Results are compared with experimental measurements made on a magnetic transmission already designed and built.
Intracellular fate of Ureaplasma parvum entrapped by host cellular autophagy
Authors: Nishiumi Fumiko , Ogawa Michinaga , Nakura Yukiko , Hamada Yusuke , Nakayama Masahiro , Mitobe Jiro , Hiraide Atsushi , Sakai Norio , Takeuchi Makoto , Yoshimori Tamotsu , Yanagihara Itaru 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGenital mycoplasmas, including Ureaplasma spp., are among the smallest human pathogenic bacteria and are associated with preterm birth. Electron microscopic observation of U. parvum showed that these prokaryotes have a regular, spherical shape with a mean diameter of 146 nm. U. parvum was internalized into HeLa cells by clathrin‐mediated endocytosis and survived for at least 14 days around the perinuclear region. Intracellular U. parvum reached endosomes in HeLa cells labeled with EEA1, Rab7, and LAMP‐1 within 1 to 3 hr. After 3 hr of infection, U. parvum induced the cytosolic accumulation of galectin‐3 and was subsequently entrapped by the autophagy marker LC3. However, when using atg7−/− MEF cells, autophagy was inadequate for the complete elimination of U. parvum in HeLa cells. U. parvum also colocalized with the recycling endosome marker Rab11. Furthermore, the exosomes purified from infected HeLa cell culture medium included U. parvum. In these purified exosomes ureaplasma lipoprotein multiple banded antigen, host cellular annexin A2, CD9, and CD63 were detected. This research has successfully shown that Ureaplasma spp. utilize the host cellular membrane compartments possibly to evade the host immune system.
Simultaneous PET/MR imaging with a radio frequency‐penetrable PET insert
Authors: Grant Alexander M. , Lee Brian J. , Chang Chen‐Ming , Levin Craig S. 
Published: January 2017

PurposeA brain sized radio frequency (RF)‐penetrable PET insert has been designed for simultaneous operation with MRI systems. This system takes advantage of electro‐optical coupling and battery power to electrically float the PET insert relative to the MRI ground, permitting RF signals to be transmitted through small gaps between the modules that form the PET ring. This design facilitates the use of the built‐in body coil for RF transmission and thus could be inserted into any existing MR site wishing to achieve simultaneous PET/MR imaging. The PET detectors employ nonmagnetic silicon photomultipliers in conjunction with a compressed sensing signal multiplexing scheme, and optical fibers to transmit analog PET detector signals out of the MRI room for decoding, processing, and image reconstruction.MethodsThe PET insert was first constructed and tested in a laboratory benchtop setting, where tomographic images of a custom resolution phantom were successfully acquired. The PET insert was then placed within a 3T body MRI system, and tomographic resolution/contrast phantom images were acquired both with only the B0 field present, and under continuous pulsing from different MR imaging sequences.ResultsThe resulting PET images have comparable contrast‐to‐noise ratios (CNR) under all MR pulsing conditions: The maximum percent CNR relative difference for each rod type among all four PET images acquired in the MRI system has a mean of 14.0 ± 7.7%. MR images were successfully acquired through the RF‐penetrable PET shielding using only the built‐in MR body coil, suggesting that simultaneous imaging is possible without significant mutual interference.ConclusionsThese results show promise for this technology as an alternative to costly integrated PET/MR scanners; a PET insert that is compatible with any existing clinical MRI system could greatly increase the availability, accessibility, and dissemination of PET/MR.
Three‐dimensional dynamic response of ground with a poroviscoelastic interlayer to a harmonic moving rectangular load
Authors: Feng S.‐J. , Li Y.‐C. , Chen Z.‐L. , Chen H.X. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryStratification is a basic characteristic of ground. Due to the influence of ground water, saturated weak interlayers widely exist, particularly in soft soil area. An interlayer of high compressibility and low strength has a substantial effect on dynamic response of the ground, especially under high speed moving load. Thus, a comprehensive investigation in the influence of interlayer is essential and useful in geotechnical and transportation‐related engineering. This paper presents a three‐dimensional semi‐analytical approach to study the dynamic response of a layered ground with a soft saturated interlayer. The ground is modelled as a half‐space consisting of three parts: a viscoelastic upper layer, a saturated poroviscoelastic interlayer governed by Biot's theory and a viscoelastic half‐space. An ‘adapted stiffness matrix’ is proposed to obtain the semi‐analytical solution to the system. Comprehensive parametric study is conducted to investigate the influences of existence, geometrical and physical properties of the interlayer. Depth, thickness, hydraulic permeability of the interlayer, load speed and frequency significantly influence the dynamic response of the ground, among which the interlayer depth plays a dominant role. Resonant frequency exists, which is highly affected by the interlayer thickness, especially in low speed regime. Both hydraulic permeability and boundary conditions of the interlayer influence the characteristics of pore pressure distribution. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The intrinsic permeability of microcracks in porous solids: Analytical models and Lattice Boltzmann simulations
Authors: Timothy Jithender J. , Meschke Günther 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThe paper presents a synthesis of analytical modeling and computational simulations of the intrinsic permeability of microcracks, embedded in porous materials taking into account the interaction of the fluid flow in the microcrack with the surrounding porous material. In the first part of the paper, using theDARCY,STOKES,BRINKMAN, and theBEAVERS–JOSEPHapproximations, we derive the intrinsic permeability of a plain non‐rough microcrack in terms of the microcrack geometry and the permeability of the porous material surrounding the microcrack. In the second part of the paper, the intrinsic permeability of a microcrack is determined by means of computational simulations using the framework of the lattice Boltzmann method with partial bounceback conditions. The comparison of predictions from the analytical model and the numerical simulations show an excellent agreement. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrasound studies on magnetic fluids based on maghemite nanoparticles
Authors: Predoi Daniela , Popa Cristina L. , Predoi Mihai V. 
Published: January 2017

In the last decades, the study of magnetic fluids with different biomedical applications such as targeted delivery of a chemotherapeutic solution to the tumor site has been of high interest. For this purpose, ultrasonic and antimicrobial studies were used to characterize the aqueous solutions based on maghemite nanoparticles. The maghemite (γ‐Fe2O3) and dextran‐coated maghemite nanoparticles (DMNp) were synthesized by coprecipitation method. The spherical shape of the nanoparticles and uniform size with an average diameter around 9.5 ± 0.5 nm for γ‐Fe2O3 were observed in transmission electron microscopy micrographs. Dynamic light scattering was used to determine the hydrodynamic size of γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles and DMNp in suspensions. The hydrodynamic diameter obtained of γ‐Fe2O3 and DMNp was 17 and 21 nm, respectively. Moreover, a noninvasive method based on ultrasounds was used to characterize the aqueous solutions. The preliminary results showed the attainable accuracy in determining acoustic wave velocity and attenuation in various solutions. These data could be correlated with particle density and size. More than that, velocity and attenuation can be used as characteristic parameters of a given solution. A finite element model of the dispersed particles, correlated with measured velocity, allowed to solve for the elastic properties of the particles. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 57:485–490, 2017. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers
Model for the deep defect‐related emission bands between 1.4 and 2.4 eV in AlN
Authors: Lamprecht M. , Jmerik V. N. , Collazo R. , Sitar Z. , Ivanov S. V. , Thonke K. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe report on defect‐related photoluminescence bands in the range from 1.4 to 2.4 eV in aluminum nitride bulk crystals and layers. Using continuous photoluminescence, photoluminescence excitation, and time‐resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy, we assign these bands to donor–acceptor pair transitions between shallow donor states or related slightly deeper states of silicon or oxygen donors, and three different types of deep acceptors. These three different acceptors are most likely a ()) complex, a () complex, and an aluminum vacancy , or different charge states of these.
Fault diagnosis and compensation for two‐dimensional discrete time systems with sensor faults and time‐varying delays
Authors: Zhao Dong , Shen Dong , Wang Youqing 
Published: January 2017

SummaryA fault diagnosis and compensation problem for two‐dimensional discrete time systems with time‐varying state delays is studied in this paper. The concerned two‐dimensional systems are described by the Fornasisi–Marchesini second model and are subject to unknown disturbances. First, a fault detection and diagnosis module is designed to obtain the information on sensor faults; a new fault detection and diagnosis integrated design, using the observer based on descriptor system approach, is proposed to detect and estimate the sensor faults. The integrated design can maximize the fault detection rate for a given false alarm rate. Sufficient conditions for the existence of the integrated fault detection and diagnosis design are derived in the context of norm evaluation and provided in terms of matrix inequalities. Second, a fault‐tolerant control module is proposed upon an existing output feedback controller. When the sensor fault occurs, the faulty measurement can be identified and corrected by the proposed fault detection and diagnosis module. In this case, the feedback controller can guarantee the performance of the closed‐loop system even when encountering sensor faults. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a thermal process to illustrate its effectiveness. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Choose to Fight or Choose to Flee? A Network Embeddedness Perspective of Executive Ship Jumping in Declining Firms
Authors: Jiang Han , Cannella Albert A. , Xia Jun , Semadeni Matthew 
Published: January 2017

Research summary:Executives in declining firms may engage in ship‐jumping behavior (i.e., voluntarily move to new employers before the failure occurs) to avoid the stigma of failure. However, it is unclear how executives decide whether or not to jump ship. Building on a network embeddedness perspective, we highlight how three network‐based indicators (i.e., executive social capital, the social capital of other peers in the declining firm, and the declining firm's alliance network) influence the executive‐level ship‐jumping decision by shaping its benefits and opportunity costs. Using data from executives at failing firms inChina, we find support for our hypothesized relationships. Our research provides important insight into the network mechanisms driving the ship‐jumping decision.Managerial summary:Executives at failing firms have a choice: stay and attempt to rescue the firm from failure or exit and avoid the stigma of the failure (i.e., jump ship). Yet, little is known about what factors affect this choice. We propose that social capital plays an important role in the decision. Our evidence from specially treated (*ST) public firms inChina finds that ship jumping is lowest at low and high values of social capital, and highest at moderate levels of social capital (an invertedU‐shaped relationship). In addition, higher levels of peer social capital (in the declining firm) as well as a well‐established firm‐level alliance network discourage the ship‐jumping choice. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)—MAPK—nuclear factor(NF)‐κB—IL8: A possible mechanism of particulate matter(PM) 2.5‐induced lung toxicity
Authors: Jeong Seung‐Chan , Cho Yoon , Song Mi‐Kyung , Lee Eunil , Ryu Jae‐Chun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAirway inflammation plays a central role in the pathophysiology of diverse pulmonary diseases. In this study, we investigated whether exposure to particulate matter (PM) 2.5, a PM with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm, enhances inflammation‐related toxicity in the human respiratory system through activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Through cytokine antibody array analysis of two extracts of PM2.5 [water (W‐PM2.5) and organic (O‐PM2.5) soluble extracts] exposed to A549 (human alveolar epithelial cell), we identified eight cytokines changed their expression with W‐PM2.5 and three cytokines with O‐PM2.5. Among them, epidermal growth factor (EGF) was commonly up‐regulated by W‐PM2.5 and O‐PM2.5. Then, in both groups, we can identify the increase in EGF receptor protein levels. Likewise, increases in the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 MAP kinase and acetylation of nuclear factor(NF)‐κB were detected. We also detected an increase in IL‐8 that was related to inflammatory response. And using the erlotinib as an inhibitor of EGFR, we identified the erlotinib impaired the phosphorylation of EGFR, ERK1/2, acetylation of NF‐κB proteins and decreased IL‐8. Furthermore, at in vivo model, we were able to identify similar patterns. These results suggest that PM2.5 may contribute to an abnormality in the human respiratory system through EGFR, MAP kinase, NF‐κB, and IL‐8 induced toxicity signaling. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1628–1636, 2017.
Retracted: Chronic nasal exposure to nanoparticulate TiO2 causes pulmonary tumorigenesis in male mice
Authors: Hong Fashui , Ji Li , Zhou Yingjun , Wang Ling 
Published: January 2017

AbstractChronic inhalation bioassays in rodents are used to assess pulmonary carcinogenicity for purposes of hazard identification and potentially for risk characterization. Numerous studies have been confirmed that exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) may result in chronic pulmonary inflammation in both mice and rats. However, very few studies have focused on the pulmonary tumorigenesis. In this study, to examine whether chronic TiO2 NP exposure induce tumorigenesis in the lung, forty mice (each group) were nasally exposed to 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg body weight TiO2 NPs for nine consecutive months, lung pathology was then evaluated, and the biochemical function parameters in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and tumor markers in the serum were investigated using an ELISA method. We observed that nasal exposure to TiO2 NPs caused infiltration of inflammatory cells, tumorigenesis in the lung, and accompanied by significant increases of lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and total protein levels in BLAF, significant increases in tumor markers including cytokeratin 19, neuron‐specific enolase, carcinoembryonic antigen, squamous cell carcinoma antigen, and cancer antigen‐125 in the serum. It implies that chronic inhaled TiO2 NPs may increase possibility of pulmonary tumor formation for human. Therefore, the production and application of TiO2 NPs should be paid more attention. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1651–1657, 2017.
Neonatal blockade of GABA‐A receptors alters behavioral and physiological phenotypes in adult mice
Authors: Salari Ali‐Akbar , Amani Mohammad 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an inhibitory role in the mature brain, and has a complex and bidirectional effect in different parts of the immature brain which affects proliferation, migration and differentiation of neurons during development. There is also increasing evidence suggesting that activation or blockade of the GABA‐A receptors during early life can induce brain and behavioral abnormalities in adulthood. We investigated whether neonatal blockade of the GABA‐A receptors by bicuculline can alter anxiety‐ and depression‐like behaviors, body weight, food intake, corticosterone and testosterone levels in adult mice (postnatal days 80–95). To this end, neonatal mice were treated with either DMSO or bicuculline (70, 150 and 300 μg/kg) during postnatal days 7, 9 and 11. When grown to adulthood, mice were exposed to behavioral tests to measure anxiety‐ (elevated plus‐maze and light‐dark box) and depression‐like behaviors (tail suspension test and forced swim test). Stress‐induced serum corticosterone and testosterone levels, body weight and food intake were also evaluated. Neonatal bicuculline exposure at dose of 300 μg/kg decreased anxiety‐like behavior, stress‐induced corticosterone levels and increased testosterone levels, body weight and food intake, without significantly influencing depression‐like behavior in adult male mice. However, no significant changes in these parameters were observed in adult females. These findings suggest that neonatal blockade of GABA‐A receptors affects anxiety‐like behavior, physiological and hormonal parameters in a sex‐dependent manner in mice. Taken together, these data corroborate the concept that GABA‐A receptors during early life have an important role in programming neurobehavioral phenotypes in adulthood.
IS THERE A MARKET FOR BRANDED GULF OF MEXICO OYSTERS?
Authors: PETROLIA DANIEL R. , WALTON WILLIAM C. , YEHOUENOU LAURIANE 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe administered an online choice experiment to a sample of U.S. raw-oyster consumers to identify factors influencing preferences for Gulf of Mexico oysters, determined the extent of preference heterogeneity, and estimated marginal willingness to pay for specific varieties and other key attributes. Results indicate significant preference heterogeneity among select varieties, with non-Gulf respondents estimated to require a price discount on Gulf oyster varieties on the order of $3–$6/half dozen. Gulf respondents were found to be less sensitive to oyster variety, and estimated to be willing to pay a price premium only for select Gulf varieties on the order of $0–$3/half dozen.
Vortex-induced rotations of a rigid square cylinder at low Reynolds numbers
Authors: Ryu Sungmin , Iaccarino Gianluca 
Published: January 2017

A numerical investigation of vortex-induced rotations (VIRs) of a rigid square cylinder, which is free to rotate in the azimuthal direction in a two-dimensional uniform cross-flow, is presented. Two-dimensional simulations are performed in a range of Reynolds numbers between 45 and 150 with a fixed mass and moment of inertia of the cylinder. The parametric investigation reveals six different dynamic responses of the square cylinder (expanding on those reported by Zaki et al. (J. Fluids Struct., vol. 8, 1994, pp. 555–582)) and their coupled vortex patterns at low Reynolds numbers. In each characteristic regime, moment generating mechanisms are elucidated with investigations of instantaneous flow fields and surface pressure distributions at chosen time instants in a period of rotation response. Our simulation results also elucidate that VIRs significantly influence the statistics of drag and lift force coefficients: (i) the onset of a rapid increases of the two coefficients at $Re=80$ and (ii) their step increases in the autorotation regime.
Childhood maltreatment and eating disorder pathology: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
Authors: Molendijk M. L. , Hoek H. W. , Brewerton T. D. , Elzinga B. M. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundMeta-analyses have established a high prevalence of childhood maltreatment (CM) in patients with eating disorders (EDs) relative to the general population. Whether the prevalence of CM in EDs is also high relative to that in other mental disorders has not yet been established through meta-analyses nor to what extent CM affects defining features of EDs, such as number of binge/purge episodes or age at onset. Our aim is to provide meta-analyses on the associations between exposure to CM (i.e. emotional, physical and sexual abuse) on the occurrence of all types of EDs and its defining features.MethodSystematic review and meta-analyses. Databases were searched until 4 June 2016.ResultsCM prevalence was high in each type of ED (totalN= 13 059, prevalence rates 21–59%) relative to healthy (N= 15 092, prevalence rates 1–35%) and psychiatric (N= 7736, prevalence rates 5–46%) control groups. ED patients reporting CM were more likely to be diagnosed with a co-morbid psychiatric disorder [odds ratios (ORs) range 1.41–2.46,p< 0.05] and to be suicidal (OR 2.07,p< 0.001) relative to ED subjects who were not exposed to CM. ED subjects exposed to CM also reported an earlier age at ED onset [effect size (Hedges’g) = −0.32,p< 0.05], to suffer a more severe form of the illness (g= 0.29,p< 0.05), and to binge-purge (g= 0.31,p< 0.001) more often compared to ED patients who did not report any CM.ConclusionCM, regardless of type, is associated with the presence of all types of ED and with severity parameters that characterize these illnesses in a dose dependent manner.
Japanese encephalitis virus induces human neural stem/progenitor cell death by elevating GRP78, PHB and hnRNPC through ER stress
Authors: Mukherjee Sriparna , Singh Noopur , Sengupta Nabonita , Fatima Mahar , Seth Pankaj , Mahadevan Anita , Shankar Susarla Krishna , Bhattacharyya Arindam , Basu Anirban 
Published: January 2017

AbstractJapanese encephalitis virus (JEV), which is a causative agent of sporadic encephalitis, harbours itself inside the neural stem/progenitor cells. It is a well-known fact that JEV infects neural stem/progenitor cells and decreases their proliferation capacity. With mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic study, it is possible to reveal the impact of virus on the stem cells at protein level. Our aim was to perceive the stem cell proteomic response upon viral challenge. We performed a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteomic study of the human neural stem cells (hNS1 cell line) post JEV infection and found that 13 proteins were differentially expressed. The altered proteome profile of hNS1 cell line revealed sustained endoplasmic reticulum stress, which deteriorated normal cellular activities leading to cell apoptosis. The proteomic changes found in hNS1 cell line were validatedin vivoin the subventricular zone of JE infected BALB/c mice. Congruent alterations were also witnessed in multipotent neural precursor cells isolated from human foetus and in autopsy samples of human brain clinically diagnosed as cases of JE patients. Endoplasmic reticulum resident chaperone GRP78, mitochondrial protein Prohibitin and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNPC (C1/C2) have been shown to interact with viral RNA. Hence it is proposed that these are the principle candidates governing endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in JEV infection.