bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral Design Strategies Improve Healthy Food Sales in a Military Cafeteria
Authors: Kimmons Joel , Nugent Nadine Budd , Harris Diane , Lee Seung Hee , Kompaniyets Lyudmyla , Onufrak Stephen 
Published: October 2024

Purpose This study examined the use of behavioral design strategies to improve healthier food sales. Design A quasi-experimental, one-group, repeated measures design examined changes in food sales following behavioral design adjustments. Setting United States military base hospital dining facility. Subjects U.S. military service members, retirees, and civilian employees. Intervention Behavioral design changes included placement, layout, messaging, default healthy bundling, a stoplight rating system, strategic positioning of healthy items on menu boards, and an increase in healthier snacks. Measures Food sales were assessed by point-of-sales data. Analysis T-tests examined total sales of each food adjusted weekly between baseline and intervention and intervention and post-intervention. 16 food items targeted by the intervention were examined. Weekly food sales were calculated for the 18-week baseline, 18-week intervention, and 9-week post-intervention. Further, analysis estimated negative binomial models for food item sales. Results The hospital dining facility served 600 to 900 meals per day. Weekly foods sales decreased during the intervention for desserts, cooked starches, hummus, and yogurt ( P < 0.01). Sales increased during the intervention for fruit cups, cooked vegetables, vegetable and turkey burgers, grilled chicken, packaged salads, French fries, hamburgers, and hot dogs ( P < 0.02). Conclusion This study demonstrates that a mixture of behavioral design strategies can be operationalized with reasonable fidelity and can lead to increases in the sales of some healthy foods in military worksites.
How evidence-based is the “hashtag ADHD test” (#adhdtest). A cross-sectional content analysis of TikTok videos on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) screening
Authors: Verma Smita , Sinha Suman Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Objectives TikTok is being increasingly used as an easily accessible source of information on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study aimed to find the quality of information on ADHD screening or self-test in TikTok videos with the hashtag #adhdtest and the engagement of these videos with their viewers. Method The content of the top 50 TikTok videos with the “hashtag #ADHDtest” was analyzed cross-sectionally and categorized as “useful” or “misleading” after comparison of its content with the “Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale” (ASRS-v1.1). The videos were categorized as “useful” if its contents had at least 4 out of the 6 questions on the ASRS-v1.1 screener. Its level of engagement was quantified by measuring the number of times the video was liked, commented on, or added to favorites. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Result Out of the 50 included #adhdtest videos, 92% ( n = 46) were misleading. Furthermore, useful videos had minimal engagement, with only 4% of the total likes, 1% of the total comments, and 7% of the total favorites. Conclusion There is misleading information related to adult ADHD screening and testing on TikTok. There is a need to address this misinformation.
Foot Posture and Ankle Dorsiflexion as Risk Factors for Developing Achilles Tendinopathy and Plantar Fasciitis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Johannsen Finn E. , Rydahl Julie P. , Jacobsen Anna S. , Brahe Cecilie C. H. , Magnusson Peter S. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) and Achilles tendinopathy (AT) are common injuries that primarily affect people engaged in sport or occupational weightbearing activities. Identifying modifiable risk factors is important for the treatment and prevention of these injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether foot posture or ankle dorsiflexion are risk factors for developing AT or PF, and if there were any differences between PF and AT patients. Methods: This was a case-control study of 108 patients with PF and 114 patients with AT, compared to the same number of referred patients in 2 control groups never having had these injuries, matched for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), sport, and occupational weightbearing activities. Included patients were 20-65 years with ultrasonographic-verified PF or midsubstance AT. Foot posture was assessed using Foot Posture Index (FPI) classifying the feet into 3 categories: FPI 0-5 normal foot, 6-12 hyperpronated, <0 hypopronated. Ankle dorsiflexion was measured with a goniometer in weightbearing with straight and bent knee. Results: Abnormal foot posture was associated with an increased risk for sustaining both AT (odds ratio [OR] 3.4-4.1) and PF (OR 3.2-3.8). Hyperpronation being the major reason for this association with ORs 5.4-5.5 compared with hypopronation with ORs 2.6-2.9. However, decreased dorsiflexion was not a risk factor: instead, there was an increased ankle dorsiflexion in patients with AT or PF compared with their control groups. Comparison between PF and AT patients demonstrated that PF affected mostly women, and AT mostly men, PF patients were 2.4 years (CI 0.2-4.5) younger, and had 25% more occupational weightbearing than AT patients. However, no differences in BMI or weightbearing physical activity was demonstrated. Conclusion: Hypopronation and hyperpronation but not limited ankle dorsiflexion was associated with increased risk for AT or PF.
Heart Failure Symptoms Improve With More Intense Physical Activity
Authors: Auld Jonathan P. , Thompson Elaine A. , Dougherty Cynthia M. 
Published: October 2024

Background Little is known about how changes in physical activity (PA) over time may influence symptoms in people with heart failure (HF). Methods A secondary analysis was conducted with data from an RCT of an exercise intervention in patients with ICDs (implantable cardioverter defibrillator) and a HF diagnosis ( n = 96). Data were collected at baseline and 2 months of PA intervention. Physical activity (PA Steps = mean steps/day; PA Intensity = mean steps/min for most intense 30 minutes/day) were measured over 5 days at each timepoint. Physical symptoms were measured using the Patient Concerns Assessment, the SF-36 Vitality, and Bodily Pain subscales for fatigue and pain. Psychological symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the State-Trait Anxiety Index. Associations between PA and physical and psychological symptoms were analyzed with multivariate regression. Results Patients ( n = 96) were predominately male (83%) and Caucasian (79%), aged 55.8 ± 12.3 years, BMI of 29.7 ± 5.1, with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; 30.9 ± 9.9%). An increase in PA Steps was associated with improvement in anxiety (β = −1.178, p = .048). An increase in PA Intensity was associated with significant reductions in depression (β = −0.127, p = .021), anxiety (β = −0.234, p = .037), and fatigue (β = 0.528, p = .022). Decreases in PA Steps and PA Intensity were not associated with changes in any symptoms. Conclusion For HF patients with an ICD, more intense PA over 2 months was associated with improved psychological symptoms and reduced fatigue. Decreases in PA (total and intensity) were not associated with changes in symptoms. Interventions promoting increasing the intensity of PA over time may be an effective approach to reduce some HF symptoms.
detectCilia: An R Package for Automated Detection and Length Measurement of Primary Cilia
Authors: Budde-Sagert Kai , Krueger Simone , Sehlke Clemens , Lemcke Heiko , Jonitz-Heincke Anika , David Robert , Bader Rainer , Uhrmacher Adelinde M 
Published: October 2024

Background and objective: The primary cilium is a small protrusion found on most mammalian cells. It acts as a cellular antenna, being involved in various cell signaling pathways. The length of the primary cilium affects its function. To study the impact of physical or chemical stimuli on cilia, their lengths must be determined easily and reproducibly. Methods: We have developed and evaluated an open-source R package called detectCilia to detect and measure primary cilia automatically. As a case study to demonstrate the capability of our tool, we compared the influence of 4 different cell culture media compositions on the lengths of primary cilia in human chondrocytes. These media compositions include (1) insulin-transferrin-selenium (ITS); (2) ITS and dexamethasone (Dexa); (3) ITS, Dexa, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1); and (4) fetal bovine serum (FBS). Results: The assessment of detectCilia included a comparison with 2 similar tools: ACDC (Automated Cilia Detection in Cells) and CiliaQ. Several differences and advantages of our package make it a valuable addition to these tools. In the case study, we have observed variations in the ciliary lengths associated with using different media compositions. Conclusions: We conclude that detectCilia can automatically and reproducibly detect and measure primary cilia in confocal microscopy images with low false-positive rates without requiring extensive user interaction.
Dorsal and Volar Approaches for Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Replacement: Comparing Outcomes Through Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mahi Gagandeep , Ansong Eric , Gan Eugene , Dehbozorgi Sasan , Chong Han Hong 
Published: October 2024

Background: The 2 primary surgical approaches for proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) arthroplasty, dorsal or volar, have been extensively described in the literature. However, the ongoing debate regarding which approach offers superior results or is associated with fewer complications persists. This systematic review aims to compare the outcomes of PIPJ arthroplasty between the dorsal and volar approaches. Methods: A comprehensive search of multiple databases was conducted, and studies meeting predetermined criteria were included. Data extraction, assessment of bias risk, and statistical analysis were performed to compare treatment modalities. Outcome measures included range of motion (ROM), patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), revisions, and reported complications. Results: Among 368 screened articles, 5 studies involving 302 patients (310 implants) were eligible for final review. No significant differences were observed between the 2 approaches regarding postoperative ROM (mean difference [MD] 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] −3.83, 8.32; P = .47) and PROMs (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.18; 95% CI −0.12, 0.48; P = .25). Complication rates, including revision/fusion, persistent pain, stiffness, infection, and dislocation, did not significantly differ between the approaches. Notably, dorsal approach was associated with higher risk of swan-neck deformity (9 out of 82 implants), while no such cases were reported in the volar approach (0 out of 101 implants). Conclusion: Despite limitations and heterogeneity in the literature, both dorsal and volar approaches for PIPJ arthroplasty appear to yield equivalent outcomes for patients. Level of Evidence: II, therapeutic.
How much training is enough? Evaluating clinician self-reported family violence response skills following a 3-year transformational change project in a major trauma hospital
Authors: Fisher Caroline A , Rushan Catherine , Withiel Toni D 
Published: October 2024

Background: Rates of family violence are high in many societies, with disproportionate impacts on women and children. Healthcare services have an important gateway role for victim-survivors requiring assistance. There is limited evidence regarding how much training is required for hospital clinicians to be adequately prepared to work effectively with clients experiencing family violence. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of different levels of training in family violence, on the knowledge and confidence of hospital clinicians. Design: A cross-sectional, online, survey of hospital clinicians in a major trauma hospital was conducted. The study evaluated the impact of level of family violence training (no training, some training, clinical champions) on staff self-reported family violence knowledge and confidence levels. Methods: The Assisting Patient/Clients Experiencing Family Violence: Royal Melbourne Hospital Clinician Survey tool was utilised, and open for clinicians to complete, anonymously over a 6-week period. Results: In total, 526 clinical staff participated across a range of profession groups (Allied Health, 47%; Nursing 40%; Medical 13%). Staff with some training (mean training hours 3.25, SD 5.23) rated their knowledge and confidence levels at least two-thirds higher than those with no training. Those trained as clinical champions (mean training hours 14.60, SD 9.14) rated their knowledge and confidence at least 50% higher than staff with some training. An even more pronounced elevation across training levels was seen with specific family violence clinical skills – identifying the signs of family violence, knowing how to screen patients and providing an appropriate response to disclosures. Conclusions: Training in family violence clinical response significantly increased self-reported knowledge and confidence levels of hospital staff, with the extra time and resourcing required to train clinical champions, showing clear benefits. The provision of evidence-based and well-resourced family violence education for healthcare professionals is required to drive clinical practice improvements for victim-survivors.
Impact of Ultra-Rapid Insulin on Boost and Ease-Off in the Cambridge Hybrid Closed-Loop System for Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Royston Chloë , Boughton Charlotte , Nwokolo Munachiso , Lakshman Rama , Hartnell Sara , Wilinska Malgorzata E. , Ware Julia , Allen Janet M. , Thabit Hood , Mader Julia K. , Bally Lia , Leelarathna Lalantha , Evans Mark L. , Hovorka Roman 
Published: October 2024

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultra–rapid-acting insulin with the Boost and Ease-off features of the Cambridge hybrid closed-loop system. Methods: A secondary analysis of Boost and Ease-off from two double-blind, randomized, crossover hybrid closed-loop studies comparing (1) Fiasp to insulin aspart (n = 25), and (2) Lyumjev to insulin lispro (n = 26) was carried out. Mean glucose on initialization of Boost and Ease-off, change in glucose 60 and 120 minutes after initialization, duration and frequency of use, mean glucose, and time in, above, and below target glucose range were calculated for periods of Boost use, Ease-off use, or neither. Results: Participants used Boost for longer with Fiasp than insulin aspart (median [interquartile range, IQR] = 75 [53-125] minutes vs 60 [49-75] minutes; P = .01). Mean glucose on Boost initialization with Fiasp was 238 ± 62 mg/dL compared with 218 ± 45 mg/dL with insulin aspart ( P = .08). Fiasp use resulted in a greater glucose reduction 120 minutes after Boost initialization [−59 ± 34 mg/dL vs −43 ± 31 mg/dL; P = .02]. There were no statistically significant differences in sensor glucose endpoints during Boost or Ease-off periods between Fiasp and aspart. There were no statistically significant differences during Boost or Ease-off periods when comparing Lyumjev with insulin lispro. There were no safety issues when using Boost and Ease-off with ultra-rapid insulins. Conclusions: The use of Fiasp and Lyumjev during Boost or Ease-off resulted in comparable safety and efficacy to using insulin aspart and lispro.
Effectiveness of a novel multicomponent treatment in women with fibromyalgia: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Araya-Quintanilla Felipe , Álvarez-Bueno Celia , Cavero-Redondo Iván , Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Sepúlveda-Loyola Walter , Gutiérrez-Espinoza Héctor 
Published: October 2024

Background Multicomponent treatment is commonly used. However, there are no studies that included graded motor imagery and therapeutic neuroscience education to multicomponent treatment for patients with fibromyalgia This study aims to compare the short-term effects (at 12 weeks) of a multicomponent treatment combined with graded motor imagery and therapeutic neuroscience education versus standard treatment in patients with FM. Methods The study was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Sixty-five women with a clinical diagnosis of FM were randomly allocated (1:1) into two groups. The experimental group ( n = 33) received a novel multicomponent treatment combined with graded motor imagery and neuroscience education. The control group ( n = 32) received a standard treatment including pharmacotherapy and standard physician education. The primary outcome was pain intensity assessed with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). The secondary outcomes were changes in the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-17), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. All outcomes were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. Results All of the participants completed the trial. The between-group mean differences at 12 weeks were: NPRS-1.18 points (95% confidence interval [CI] -0.4 to -1.8; η2 = 0.47; p < .001); FIQ-16.21 points (95% CI -10.9 to -22.1; η2 = 0.58; p < .001); PCS total domain −12.5 points (95% CI -7.2 to -17.8; η2 = 0.61; p < .001); TSK-17-6.15 points (95% CI -3.5 to -8.7; η2 = 0.52; p < .001); and PSQI-2.74 points (95% CI -1.4 to 4.0; η2 = 0.54; p < .001). All differences were statistically significant in favor of the novel multicomponent treatment group and had a large effect size. Conclusions In the short term, a novel multicomponent treatment, including graded motor imagery and neuroscience education, was an effective therapeutic intervention for improving clinical outcomes compared with standard treatment in women with FM. Additional studies are needed to support long-term clinical effectiveness in these patients.
Machine learning-based risk prediction model for medication administration errors in neonatal intensive care units: A prospective direct observational study
Authors: Henry Basil Josephine , Lim Wern Han , Syed Ahmad Sharifah M. , Menon Premakumar Chandini , Mohd Tahir Nurul Ain , Mhd Ali Adliah , Seman Zamtira , Ishak Shareena , Mohamed Shah Noraida 
Published: October 2024

Objective Neonates’ physiological immaturity and complex dosing requirements heighten their susceptibility to medication administration errors (MAEs), with the potential for severe harm and substantial economic impact on healthcare systems. Developing an effective risk prediction model for MAEs is crucial to reduce and prevent harm. Methods This national-level, multicentre, prospective direct observational study was conducted in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of five public hospitals in Malaysia. Randomly selected nurses were directly observed during medication preparation and administration. Each observation was independently assessed for errors. Ten machine learning (ML) algorithms were applied with features derived from systematic reviews, incident reports, and expert consensus. Model performance, prioritising F1-score for MAEs, was evaluated using various measures. Feature importance was determined using the permutation-feature importance for robust comparison across ML algorithms. Results A total of 1093 doses were administered to 170 neonates, with mean age and birth weight of 33.43 (SD ± 5.13) weeks and 1.94 (SD ± 0.95) kg, respectively. F1-scores for the ten models ranged from 76.15% to 83.28%. Adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) emerged as the best-performing model (F1-score: 83.28%, accuracy: 77.63%, area under the receiver operating characteristic: 82.95%, precision: 84.72%, sensitivity: 81.88% and negative predictive value: 64.00%). The most influential features in AdaBoost were the intravenous route of administration, working hours, and nursing experience. Conclusions This study developed and validated an ML-based model to predict the presence of MAEs among neonates in NICUs. AdaBoost was identified as the best-performing algorithm. Utilising the model's predictions, healthcare providers can potentially reduce MAE occurrence through timely interventions.
User experiences of an AI application for predicting risk of sexually transmitted infections
Authors: King Alicia J , Latt Phyu Mon , Soe Nyi Nyi , Temple-Smith Meredith , Fairley Christopher K , Chow Eric PF , Phillips Tiffany R 
Published: October 2024

Objective Awareness of one's individual risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a necessary precursor to engagement with prevention strategies and sexual health care. Web-based sexual health applications may improve engagement in sexual health prevention and care by providing individualised and evidence-based sexual health information. The STARTOnline ( Supporting Timely and Appropriate Review and Treatment Online) study sought the views of sexual health service users on three web-based sexual health applications to better understand their usefulness, acceptability and accessibility. This paper reports the views and experiences of users of one of the applications called MySTIRisk. MySTIRisk estimates the risk of three common STIs and HIV using data from attendees of a metropolitan sexual health service. Methods This study used a bespoke qualitative design, informed by a developmental evaluation approach. Melbourne Sexual Health Centre clinic attendees’ views were sought using semi-structured interviews conducted between October 2023 and January 2024 via videoconferencing, telephone and on site at the clinic. Data was analysed using qualitative data analysis methods. Results A diverse group of 14 participants described an ideal pathway to better sexual health outcomes that might be facilitated by use of the MySTIRisk application, particularly for individuals with limited sexual health knowledge, or affected by stigma and geographical barriers. This pathway was described as: 1) being concerned about my sexual health; 2) checking my STI risk easily and privately; 3) understanding and trusting the result; and 4) deciding how to look after my health. Factors that might influence this pathway were also described, including areas for improvement in accessibility and acceptability. Conclusion These findings support the role of web-based sexual health applications in facilitating access to sexual health education and behavioural change and underscore the importance of codesign approaches in improving their uptake and impact.