bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of monosomy‐3 in immunomagnetically isolated circulating melanoma cells in uveal melanoma patients
Authors: Tura Aysegül , Merz Hartmut , Reinsberg Mihaela , Lüke Matthias , Jager Martine J. , Grisanti Salvatore , Lüke Julia 
Published: July 2016

SummaryMonosomy‐3 in primary uveal melanoma (UM) is associated with a high risk of metastasis and mortality. Although circulating melanoma cells (CMC) can be found in most UM patients, only approximately 50% of the patients develop metastases. We utilized a novel immuno‐FISH assay to detect chromosome‐3 in intact CMC isolated by dual immunomagnetic enrichment. Circulating melanoma cells were detected in 91% of the patients (n = 44) with primary non‐metastatic UM, of which 58% were positive for monosomy‐3. The monosomy‐3 status of CMC corresponded to the monosomy‐3 status of the primary tumor in 10 of the 11 patients where this could be tested. Monosomy‐3 in the CMC was associated with an advanced tumor stage (P = 0.046) and was detected in all four patients who developed metastasis within the follow‐up period of 4 yr. This non‐invasive technique may enable the identification of UM patients at risk for metastasis particularly when a primary tumor specimen is unavailable.
Buschke–Löwenstein tumor: Three pediatric cases
Authors: Aydogdu Ibrahim , Uzun Ersan , Mirapoglu Semih Lutfi , Kilincaslan Huseyin , Yildiz Pelin 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBuschke–Löwenstein tumor (BLT) is a verrucous lesion that grows slowly, causing regional infiltration and deformity. It is very rare during childhood and usually has a benign course. It is related to the human papilloma virus type 6 and type 11. Poor hygiene, chronic irritation, diabetes and impaired cellular immunity are other factors thought to play a role in the etiology of the disease. The first‐choice treatment modality is total surgical excision. Herein we describe three cases to illustrate the success of total surgical excision via electrocautery in the treatment of BLT, and the excellent cosmetic outcome of the method.
Social and Environmental Influences on Physical Activity Levels in Latina Adolescents
Authors: Benes Deborah , Dowling Jacqueline , Crawford Sybil , Hayman Laura L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo examine social and environmental factors that affect moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in mid‐adolescent Hispanic females.Design and SampleSecondary data analysis to examine social and environmental level factors related to MVPA levels in (n = 897) mid‐adolescent Hispanic females.MeasuresData were retrieved from the National Survey of Children's Health (2011/12). Logistic regression was used to estimate associations for factors with MVPA.ResultsSignificant mid‐adolescent predictors were English speaking, OR 1.64 (95% CI, 1.03–2.61); parental attendance of activities, OR 0.50 (95% CI, 0.31–0.81); peer support, OR 2.74 (95% CI, 1.75–4.29); supportive neighborhood, OR 1.52 (95% CI, 1.03–2.32); and safe school environment, OR 1.67 (95% CI, 1.01–2.74).ConclusionFindings highlight the need for the development of age and culturally appropriate interventions to aid the improvement of participation levels in MVPA among the Latina adolescent population. Additionally, findings suggest recommendations for policy and future research.
Morpho‐colorimetric characterisation of Malva alliance taxa by seed image analysis
Authors: Lo Bianco M. , Grillo O. , Escobar Garcia P. , Mascia F. , Venora G. , Bacchetta G. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Seed morphometric and ‐colorimetric features describing shape, size and textural seed traits of 28 taxa belonging to the genera Lavatera L. and Malva L., were recorded by means of computer vision techniques.

The data were statistically analysed to contribute to the taxonomical treatment of the Malva alliance and to assess some doubtful systematic positions.

A clear differentiation between taxa traditionally attributed to Lavatera or Malva was highlighted. Furthermore, the identification system proposed here was able to discriminate among the Lavatera sections, confirming the taxonomic organization of this genus.

The results obtained for Malva, both at the species level and among sections, supported this analytical tool as diagnostic for systematic purposes.
Liberalization Agreements in the GATT/WTO and the Terms‐of‐trade Externality Theory: Evidence from Three Developing Countries
Authors: Tesfayesus Asrat 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe terms‐of‐trade theory suggests that governments engage in trade negotiations with their trade partners in an effort to escape from a terms‐of‐trade prisoner's dilemma by mutually internalizing externalities that they impose on each other. In this paper, I use predictions of the terms‐of‐trade relationship to provide support for the theory based on the negotiating patterns of three developing countries during the Uruguay Round of the Generalized Agreements on Tariff and Trade. I use industry level import value as well as tariff schedules from these contracting party states that were graduated from the US Generalized System of Preferences list during the Uruguay Round. I exploit the rapid change in their tariff schedules from the best response to the optimal level within a single negotiation round to empirically test the terms‐of‐trade theory. I find that my estimates are consistent with the predictions of the theory as applied to these three developing countries that were compelled to negotiate for tariff concessions during the Uruguay Round.
Development of enhancing agglutination reaction using gold nanoparticle for pre‐transfusion testing
Authors: Choktaweesak N. , Krasathong P. , Ammaranond P. 
Published: July 2016

SUMMARYObjectivesTo explore an alternative way for antibody detection testing, the examination of gold nanoparticle solution for enhancing unexpected antibodies for pre‐transfusion testing was investigated.BackgroundExposure of foreign antigens on red blood cells from transfusion can trigger the immune system to produce unexpected antibodies. This immunological response may cause the complication to future transfusion. For detection of unexpected antibodies, the antibody screening test is performed approximately 30–60 min. To reduce turnaround time, enhancing reagent, low‐ionic strength solution (LISS), is widely used. However, cost of enhancing reagent is an issue which has concerned in resource limited countries. Gold nanoparticle solution can increase red blood cells agglutination reaction. To solve this issue, study of gold nanoparticle solution was investigated.MethodsSamples were performed comparing between LISS and gold nanoparticle solution at antiglobulin phase. After reading the agglutination reaction, supernatants were collected and measured at the optical density at 760 nm by spectrophotometer.ResultsThe optical density in the tube of gold nanoparticle solution was higher than in the tube of 2–5% cell suspension and monoclonal antibody. It has been observed that gold nanoparticle solution enhanced the reaction of agglutination 98% while LISS enhanced the agglutination only 60·8%. Employing a commercially available enhancing reagent, parallel samples confirmed results providing validation of the assay. It approximately costs $1 US dollars compared to $30 for a commercially available reagent.ConclusionsThe low cost and yet effective time‐consuming test for antibody screening is a practical and viable solution alternative way for performing in antibody screening test in resource limited countries.
Field emergence and the long‐term efficacy of control of Heracleum sosnowskyi plants of different ages in southern Poland
Authors: Klima K , Synowiec A 
Published: July 2016

SummaryHeracleum sosnowskyi is one of the three so‐called tall or giant hogweeds currently invading Asia, Europe and North America. These plants are dangerous invasive weeds, causing severe skin injuries in humans and animals. In the present study, based on four field experiments, we assessed seedling emergence in the field and evaluated methods for the long‐term mechanical and chemical control of H. sosnowskyi of various ages (1–5 years old). The field experiments were set up in the mountainous regions of southern Poland, on soil not previously infested with H. sosnowskyi seeds. The results showed that the successful eradication of this species from an invaded area is possible. The results revealed that when no new flush of seeds is delivered to the soil seedbank, the longevity of H. sosnowskyi seeds is approximately five years, with the majority of seedlings emerging in the spring of the first year following sowing. Long‐term shoot cutting, particularly the intensity of this technique, is ineffective for the control of H. sosnowskyi. Cutting three times a year for five years resulted in an H. sosnowskyi control outcome of 42–97%. Total control of this weed is obtained either by cutting the roots of plants up to 5 years old at a depth of 15 cm or by continuous (5 years long) herbicide spraying three times during the vegetative season, using a tank mixture of glyphosate and flazasulfuron (1260 g a.i. glyphosate ha−1 + 50 g a.i. flazasulfuron ha−1).
Comparison of Next-Generation Sequencing Technologies for Comprehensive Assessment of Full-Length Hepatitis C Viral Genomes
Authors: Thomson Emma , Ip Camilla L. C. , Badhan Anjna , Christiansen Mette T. , Adamson Walt , Ansari M. Azim , Bibby David , Breuer Judith , Brown Anthony , Bowden Rory , Bryant Josie , Bonsall David , Da Silva Filipe Ana , Hinds Chris , Hudson Emma , Klenerman Paul , Lythgow Kieren , Mbisa Jean L. , McLauchlan John , Myers Richard , Piazza Paolo , Roy Sunando , Trebes Amy , Sreenu Vattipally B. , Witteveldt Jeroen ,   STOP-HCV Consortium, Barnes Eleanor , Simmonds Peter 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Affordable next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies for hepatitis C virus (HCV) may potentially identify both viral genotype and resistance genetic motifs in the era of directly acting antiviral (DAA) therapies. This study compared the ability of high-throughput NGS methods to generate full-length, deep, HCV sequence data sets and evaluated their utility for diagnostics and clinical assessment. NGS methods using (i) unselected HCV RNA (metagenomics), (ii) preenrichment of HCV RNA by probe capture, and (iii) HCV preamplification by PCR implemented in four United Kingdom centers were compared. Metrics of sequence coverage and depth, quasispecies diversity, and detection of DAA resistance-associated variants (RAVs), mixed HCV genotypes, and other coinfections were compared using a panel of samples with different viral loads, genotypes, and mixed HCV genotypes/subtypes [geno(sub)types]. Each NGS method generated near-complete genome sequences from more than 90% of samples. Enrichment methods and PCR preamplification generated greater sequence depth and were more effective for samples with low viral loads. All NGS methodologies accurately identified mixed HCV genotype infections. Consensus sequences generated by different NGS methods were generally concordant, and majority RAVs were consistently detected. However, methods differed in their ability to detect minor populations of RAVs. Metagenomic methods identified human pegivirus coinfections. NGS provided a rapid, inexpensive method for generating whole HCV genomes to define infecting genotypes, RAVs, comprehensive viral strain analysis, and quasispecies diversity. Enrichment methods are particularly suited for high-throughput analysis while providing the genotype and information on potential DAA resistance.
Novel symmetries in an interacting 𝒩 = 2 supersymmetric quantum mechanical model
Authors: Krishna S. , Shukla D. , Malik R. P. 
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we demonstrate the existence of a set of novel discrete symmetry transformations in the case of an interacting [Formula: see text] supersymmetric quantum mechanical model of a system of an electron moving on a sphere in the background of a magnetic monopole and establish its interpretation in the language of differential geometry. These discrete symmetries are, over and above, the usual three continuous symmetries of the theory which together provide the physical realizations of the de Rham cohomological operators of differential geometry. We derive the nilpotent [Formula: see text] SUSY transformations by exploiting our idea of supervariable approach and provide geometrical meaning to these transformations in the language of Grassmannian translational generators on a [Formula: see text]-dimensional supermanifold on which our [Formula: see text] SUSY quantum mechanical model is generalized. We express the conserved supercharges and the invariance of the Lagrangian in terms of the supervariables (obtained after the imposition of the SUSY invariant restrictions) and provide the geometrical meaning to (i) the nilpotency property of the [Formula: see text] supercharges, and (ii) the SUSY invariance of the Lagrangian of our [Formula: see text] SUSY theory.
Control of anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists: overestimation of median time in therapeutic range when assessed by linear interpolation
Authors: van der Meer Felix J. M. , Adriaansen Henk J. , Leebeek Frank W. G. , Kruip Marieke J. H. A. , van den Besselaar A. M. H. P. , Biedermann Joseph S. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryPatients receiving vitamin K–antagonists are monitored by regular assessment of the International Normalized Ratio (INR). There are two popular methods for therapeutic control of anticoagulation in patient groups: 1) Time in Therapeutic Range (TTR) assessed by linear interpolation of successive INR measurements; 2) the cross-sectional proportion (CSP) of all patients’ last INRs within range. The purpose of the present study is to compare the two methods using data from 53 Dutch Thrombosis Centres and to develop a semi-quantitative model for TTR based on different types of INR change. Different groups of around 400,000 patients in four consecutive years were evaluated: patients in the induction phase, short-term, long-term, low-target range, high-target range, receiving either acenocoumarol or phenprocoumon, and performing self-management. Each Centre provided TTR and CSP results for each patient group. TTR and CSP were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Separately, we analysed the relationship between consecutive INR results regarding in or out of range and their frequency of occurrence in patients of two different cohorts. Good correlation was observed between TTR and CSP (correlation coefficient 0.694–0.950 in low-target range). In long-term acenocoumarol patients (low-target range) the median TTR was significantly higher than CSP (80.0 % and 78.7 %, respectively; p<0.001). In long-term phenprocoumon patients (low-target range) there was no significant difference between median TTR (83.0 %) and median CSP (82.6 %). In conclusion, the correlation between TTR assessed by linear interpolation and CSP was good. TTR assessed by linear interpolation was higher than CSP in patients on acenocoumarol.
Zika virus infection and once again the risk from other neglected diseases
Authors: Porrino Pedro 
Published: July 2016

Since the first cases of Zika were identified and reported in Brazil, the magnitude and consequences of the outbreak in the Americas have increased tremendously, leading the World Health Organization to consider Zika and its link with clusters of microcephaly a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Only a previous large outbreak in French Polynesia was known and no neurological anomalies have been reported. Differences in African and Asian lineage and differences in genetic evolution of the Zika virus may possibly provide an explanation for the development of the recent outbreaks and their variable presentation. However, the similar clinical presentation between Zika and other diseases like Dengue and Chikungunya can support that Zika has been circulating and spreading inadvertently. This hypothesis gains strength when rates of laboratory confirmation diagnosis for Dengue are observed in Brazil and Colombia, two of the most affected countries by Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The lack of attention and resources on neglected diseases supposes a huge risk that new lethal pathogens camouflage themselves to spread into large areas and populations.
On the compositional variability of dalyite, K2ZrSi6O15: a new occurrence from Terceira, Azores
Authors: Jeffery A. J. , Gertisser R. , Jackson R. A. , O'Driscoll B. , Kronz A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe rare potassium zirconium silicate dalyite has been identified for the first time on Terceira, Azores, within syenitic ejecta of the Caldeira-Castelinho Ignimbrite Formation. New quantitative analyses of this dalyite were combined with the small number of published analyses from various locations worldwide to evaluate the mineral's compositional variability. Additionally, solid-state modelling has been applied to assess the site allocations of substituting elements. The new analyses yield the average formula (K1.84Na0.15)∑=1.99(Zr0.94Ti0.012Hf0.011Fe0.004)∑=0.967Si6.03O15. Model results predict the placement of substituting Hf and Ti in the octahedral site, and highlight the overall complexity in the incorporation of Fe, Mg and Ba. The combined dataset reveals that dalyite found within peralkaline granites and syenites is generally defined by higher Na↔K substitution and lower Ti↔Zr substitution relative to dalyite from highly potassic rocks. The Terceira dalyite exhibits a bimodal variation in the degree of Na↔K substitution which is attributed to a K-enrichment trend induced by late-stage pore wall crystallization and albitization, coupled with the control of pore size upon the degree of supersaturation required to initiate nucleation of dalyite in pores of varying size.
Integrating clinical features and genetic lesions in the risk assessment of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Elena Chiara , Gallì Anna , Such Esperanza , Meggendorfer Manja , Germing Ulrich , Rizzo Ettore , Cervera Jose , Molteni Elisabetta , Fasan Annette , Schuler Esther , Ambaglio Ilaria , Lopez-Pavia Maria , Zibellini Silvia , Kuendgen Andrea , Travaglino Erica , Sancho-Tello Reyes , Catricalà Silvia , Vicente Ana I. , Haferlach Torsten , Haferlach Claudia , Sanz Guillermo F. , Malcovati Luca , Cazzola Mario 
Published: July 2016

Key Points
Risk assessment is crucial in patients with CMML because survival may range from a few months to several years. Integrating clinical features, morphology, and genetic lesions significantly improves risk stratification in CMML.
An investigation to assess ankle mobility in healthy individuals from the application of multi‐component compression bandages and compression hosiery
Authors: Atkin Leanne , Stephenson John , Parfitt Grace , Reel Sarah , Ousey Karen , Fallon Brandon 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundAn investigation was undertaken to compare the effect of multi‐component compression bandages and compression hosiery kits on individuals' range of ankle motion whilst wearing typical and medical footwear, and barefoot.MethodsA convenience sample of 30 healthy individuals recruited from the staff and student population at the University of Huddersfield, UK. Plantarflexion/dorsiflexion range of ankle motion (ROAM) was measured in participants over 6 steps in every combination of typical, medical and no footwear; and multi‐component bandages, compression hosiery and no garments.ResultsControlling for age, gender and garments, the use of typical footwear was associated with a mean increase in ROAM of 2.54° at best estimate compared with barefoot; the use of medical footwear was associated with a mean decrease in ROAM of 1.12° at best estimate compared with barefoot. Controlling for age, gender and footwear, the use of bandaging was associated with a mean decrease in ROAM of 2.51° at best estimate compared with no garments. Controlling for age, gender and footwear, the use of hosiery was not associated with a significant change in ROAM compared with no garments.ConclusionsBandages appear to restrict ROAM more than hosiery when used in conjunction with a variety of footwear types.
Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells acquire immunostimulatory capacity upon cross-talk with natural killer cells and might improve the NK cell function of immunocompromised patients
Authors: Cui Rongtao , Rekasi Heike , Hepner-Schefczyk Monika , Fessmann Kai , Petri Robert M. , Bruderek Kirsten , Brandau Sven , Jäger Marcus , Flohé Stefanie B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe suppressive effect of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) on diverse immune cells is well known, but it is unclear whether MSCs additionally possess immunostimulatory properties. We investigated the impact of human MSCs on the responsiveness of primary natural killer (NK) cells in terms of cytokine secretion.MethodsHuman MSCs were generated from bone marrow and nasal mucosa. NK cells were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers or of immunocompromised patients after severe injury. NK cells were cultured with MSCs or with MSC-derived conditioned media in the absence or presence of IL-12 and IL-18. C-C chemokine receptor (CCR) 2, C-C chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, and the interferon (IFN)-γ receptor was blocked by specific inhibitors or antibodies. The synthesis of IFN-γ and CCL2 was determined.ResultsIn the absence of exogenous cytokines, trace amounts of NK cell-derived IFN-γ licensed MSCs for enhanced synthesis of CCL2. In turn, MSCs primed NK cells for increased release of IFN-γ in response to IL-12 and IL-18. Priming of NK cells by MSCs occurred in a cell–cell contact-independent manner and was impaired by inhibition of the CCR2, the receptor of CCL2, on NK cells. CD56brightNK cells expressed higher levels of CCR2 and were more sensitive to CCL2-mediated priming by MSCs and by recombinant CCR2 ligands than cytotoxic CD56dimNK cells. NK cells from severely injured patients were impaired in cytokine-induced IFN-γ synthesis. Co-culture with MSCs or with conditioned media from MSCs and MSC/NK cell co-cultures from healthy donors improved the IFN-γ production of the patients’ NK cells in a CCR2-dependent manner.ConclusionsA positive feedback loop driven by NK cell-derived IFN-γ and MSC-derived CCL2 increases the inflammatory response of cytokine-stimulated NK cells not only from healthy donors but also from immunocompromised patients. Therapeutic application of MSCs or their soluble factors might thus improve the NK function after severe injury.
Mental health services, suicide and 7-day working
Authors: Kapur Nav , Ibrahim Saied , Hunt Isabelle M. , Turnbull Pauline , Shaw Jenny , Appleby Louis 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundPatients admitted to hospital at the weekend appear to be at increased risk of death compared with those admitted at other times. However, a ‘weekend effect’ has rarely been explored in mental health and there may also be other times of year when patients are vulnerable.AimsTo investigate the timing of suicide in high-risk mental health patients.MethodWe compared the incidence of suicide at the weekend v. during the week, and also in August (the month of junior doctor changeover) v. other months in in-patients, patients within 3 months of discharge and patients under the care of crisis resolution home treatment (CRHT) teams (2001–2013).ResultsThe incidence of suicide was lower at the weekends for each group (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.88 (95% CI 0.79–0.99) for in-patients, IRR = 0.85 (95% CI 0.78–0.92) for post-discharge patients, IRR = 0.87 (95% CI 0.78–0.97) for CRHT patients). Patients who died by suicide were also less likely to have been admitted at weekends than during the week (IRR = 0.52 (95% CI 0.45–0.60)). The incidence of suicide in August was not significantly different from other months.ConclusionsWe found evidence of a weekend effect for suicide risk among high-risk mental health patients, but with a 12–15% lower incidence at weekends. Our study does not support the claim that safety is compromised at weekends, at least in mental health services.