bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrastive Comparison of Anthroponyms from E.T.A. Hoffmann’s The Nuntcracker and the Mouse King in German, Serbian and Croatian
Authors: Simurdić Iva M. 
Published: December 2015

Das Übersetzen von Anthroponymen in der Kinderliteratur stellt eine komplexe Problematik dar: Wie sollten Übersetzer vorgehen, um die Bedeutungen und Funktion der Namen möglichst getreu aus einer Sprache in die andere zu übertragen, und diese gleichzeitig den jungen Lesern zugänglich machen? Es bestehen verschiedene Klassifikationen der Übersetzungsstrategien, um Äquivalente für Anthroponyme in der Zielsprache zu finden. Theo Hermans nannte vier Möglichkeiten: Reproduktion, Adaptation, Austausch und Übersetzung, wobei er auch die Auslassung von Namen in manchen Fällen als akzeptabel einschätzt. In dieser Arbeit werden die serbischen und kroatischen Übersetzungen von Anthroponymen aus E.T.A. Hoffmans „Nussknacker und Mausekönig“, einem der wichtigsten Werke der deutschen Kinderliteratur, mit ihren Äquivalenten aus dem Original kontrastiv verglichen, um festzustellen, bei welchen Anthroponymen welche der genannten Vorgehensweisen angewendet wurden. Außerdem soll ermittelt werden, ob sich die Übersetzer bei den gleichen Namen für die gleiche Vorgehensweise entschieden, oder ob sie doch verschiedene Lösungen fanden, und wie sich diese dann voneinander unterscheiden.
Geomechanical-Evaluation Enabled Successful Stimulation of a High-Pressure/High-Temperature Tight Gas Reservoir in Western China
Authors: Zhang Hui , Qiu Kaibin , Fuller John , Yin Guoqing , Yuan Fang , Chen Sheng 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe Keshen reservoir in China is a deep, tight-gas-sandstone reservoir under high tectonic stress with reservoir pressure at more than 16,000 psi (110 MPa) and temperatures up to 165°C. Development wells for this field are in excess of 6500 m in true vertical depth (TVD). Stimulation is required to provide sufficiently high production rates that compensate for the high cost of drilling and completing wells. Hydraulic-fracture design and execution must be optimal to ensure economic production.To effectively stimulate a more-than-200-m-thick sandstone reservoir with consistently high performance, it is necessary to understand the mechanical behavior of the reservoir, especially mechanical properties and in-situ stresses because the two control the creation and propagation of each hydraulic fracture. The mechanical behavior is complicated by high tectonic stresses, significant compaction, and high overpressure.To gain an in-depth understanding of the mechanical properties and in-situ stresses of the Keshen reservoir, an integrated geomechanical evaluation was conducted. The evaluation used the core from two wells, KS205 and KS207, and log data obtained from 15 wells including the wells with core evaluation in the field. A laboratory-testing program to investigate the mechanical behavior of the reservoir sandstone under realistic in-situ stresses, pore pressures, and temperature was performed. The description of mechanical behavior obtained from the laboratory testing was used to calibrate and augment mechanical Earth models (MEMs) constructed from well-log data. The reliability of the completed MEMs was validated through comparison between wellbore-stability predictions with observation of borehole failure from the borehole-microresistivity image.The geomechanics information was delivered to the stimulation-engineering team. Hydraulic-fracture design and execution was conducted on the basis of this information. The outcome of hydraulic fracturing was very encouraging.This study demonstrated that successful stimulation of a tight reservoir in high pressure/high temperature (HP/HT) relies on integrated geomechanical analysis.
Effects of palatal crib and bonded spurs in early treatment of anterior open bite: A prospective randomized clinical study
Authors: Leite Juliana S. , Matiussi Luciano B. , Salem Anne C. , Provenzano Maria G. A. , Ramos Adilson L. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the overbite correction of fixed palatal crib (FPC) and bonded lingual spur (BLS) in the early treatment of anterior open bite (AOB) in mixed dentition (primary outcome) as well as its influence on dental and skeletal cephalometric measurements (secondary outcome).Materials and Methods: The selected patients had AOB and a mean age of 8.23 years. They were divided into the following three groups by casting lots: control (n  =  13), palatal crib (n  =  13), and spur (n  =  13). Data from the lateral teleradiography was obtained at the beginning, at 6 months, and after 1 year. The cephalometric analysis was performed by Cef-X program, recording the values of SNA, SNB, ANB, SnG oGn, 1.PP, IMPA, nasolabial angle, overbite, and overjet. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were obtained via one-way analysis of variance.Results: The degree of AOB was similar at baseline (P &gt; .05). At 6 months and then after 1 year all groups showed improvement in the overbite. However, only the crib and spur groups showed positive overbite. No cephalometric measurements changed significantly over the period analyzed.Conclusions: We conclude that the FPC and BLS are simple and effective for the treatment of anterior open bite, with the advantage given to the FPC.
Disability-Free Life-Years Lost Among Adults Aged ≥50 Years With and Without Diabetes
Authors: Bardenheier Barbara H. , Lin Ji , Zhuo Xiaohui , Ali Mohammed K. , Thompson Theodore J. , Cheng Yiling J. , Gregg Edward W. 
Published: December 2015

OBJECTIVE
To quantify the impact of diabetes status on healthy and disabled years of life for older adults in the U.S. and provide a baseline from which to evaluate ongoing national public health efforts to prevent and control diabetes and disability.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Adults (n = 20,008) aged 50 years and older were followed from 1998 to 2012 in the Health and Retirement Study, a prospective biannual survey of a nationally representative sample of adults. Diabetes and disability status (defined by mobility loss, difficulty with instrumental activities of daily living [IADL], and/or difficulty with activities of daily living [ADL]) were self-reported. We estimated incidence of disability, remission to nondisability, and mortality. We developed a discrete-time Markov simulation model with a 1-year transition cycle to predict and compare lifetime disability-related outcomes between people with and without diabetes. Data represent the U.S. population in 1998.

RESULTS
From age 50 years, adults with diabetes died 4.6 years earlier, developed disability 6–7 years earlier, and spent about 1–2 more years in a disabled state than adults without diabetes. With increasing baseline age, diabetes was associated with significant (P &lt; 0.05) reductions in the number of total and disability-free life-years, but the absolute difference in years between those with and without diabetes was less than at younger baseline age. Men with diabetes spent about twice as many of their remaining years disabled (20–24% of remaining life across the three disability definitions) as men without diabetes (12–16% of remaining life across the three disability definitions). Similar associations between diabetes status and disability-free and disabled years were observed among women.

CONCLUSIONS
Diabetes is associated with a substantial reduction in nondisabled years, to a greater extent than the reduction of longevity.
Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Is Not Associated With Autonomic Dysfunction or Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Olsen Sandra E. , Bjørgaas Marit R. , Åsvold Bjørn O. , Sand Trond , Stjern Marit , Frier Brian M. , Nilsen Kristian B. 
Published: December 2015

OBJECTIVE
Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) is a risk factor for severe hypoglycemia in people with insulin-treated diabetes; autonomic neuropathy has been suggested to underlie its development. The aim was to evaluate a putative association between IAH and autonomic dysfunction using novel and sensitive measures of autonomic neural function.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Sixty-six adults with type 1 diabetes were studied, 33 with IAH and 33 with normal awareness of hypoglycemia (NAH), confirmed by formal testing. Participants were matched for age, sex, and diabetes duration. Clinical and laboratory evaluations included extensive autonomic function testing, peripheral nerve conduction studies, and quantitative sensory testing. Composite abnormality Z scores were used for group comparisons.

RESULTS
The IAH and NAH group had similar median (interquartile range) age of 48 (14.5) vs. 47 (14.5) years, diabetes duration of 30 (13.5) vs. 31 (13.5) years, and mean ± SD HbA1c 7.8 ± 2.2% vs. 8.1 ± 1.9%, respectively. The autonomic composite Z score did not differ between the two groups (mean difference −0.15, 95% CI −0.46, 0.16; P = 0.33), nor did the thermal detection (mean difference 0.15, 95% CI −0.31, 0.61; P = 0.51) or nerve conduction scores (mean difference 0.03, 95% CI −0.43, 0.49; P = 0.89).

CONCLUSIONS
In adults with type 1 diabetes, IAH was not associated with autonomic dysfunction or peripheral neuropathy.
Integration of a physical training program in a weight loss plan for overweight pet dogs
Authors: Vitger Anne D. , Stallknecht Bente M. , Nielsen Dorte H. , Bjornvad Charlotte R. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether a controlled physical training plan for overweight dogs during a weight loss program would improve cardiorespiratory fitness and better preserve lean body mass, compared with results for dogs undergoing a weight loss program based on caloric restriction alone.
DESIGN Prospective, nonrandomized clinical study.
ANIMALS 19 client-owned overweight or obese dogs.
PROCEDURES All dogs were fed the same calorie-restricted diet rationed to achieve a weight loss rate of 1% to 2%/wk for 12 weeks. The fitness-and-diet (FD) group participated in a training program that included underwater and land-based treadmill exercise 3 times/wk. The diet-only (DO) group had no change in exercise routines. Daily activity before and during the intervention was recorded by accelerometry. Before and after intervention, heart rate during exercise was recorded to assess cardiovascular fitness, and body composition was analyzed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Differences between groups were evaluated with t tests and multiple regression analysis.
RESULTS Mean weight loss was 13.9% and 12.9% for the FD and DO groups, respectively (n = 8 dogs/group that completed the study). Mean accelerometer counts during intervention were 13% higher than baseline counts for the FD group. Heart rate during exercise declined after intervention in both groups. Lean body mass was preserved in the FD group and lost in the DO group during intervention.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The controlled exercise plan used with a dietary weight loss program prevented loss of lean body mass in dogs. This finding supports inclusion of controlled physical training for obesity management in dogs.
Effects of processing delay, temperature, and transport tube type on results of quantitative bacterial culture of canine urine
Authors: Patterson Carly A. , Bishop Micah A. , Pack Julie D. , Cook Audrey K. , Lawhon Sara D. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of processing delay, temperature, and transport tube type on results of quantitative bacterial culture (QBC) of canine urine.
DESIGN Diagnostic test evaluation.
SAMPLE 60 mL of pooled urine from 4 dogs, divided into six 10-mL aliquots.
PROCEDURES Urine aliquots were spiked with bacteria from 1 of 6 independent Escherichia coli cultures to achieve a target bacterial concentration of 105 CFUs/mL. One milliliter from each aliquot was transferred into 5 silicone-coated clot tubes (SCTs) and 5 urine transport tubes (UTTs). Samples were stored at 4°C (39°F) and 25°C (77°F) for 0, 8, and 24 hours, and then standard QBCs were performed.
RESULTS Median bacterial concentration for urine samples stored in a UTT for 24 hours at 4°C was lower than that for samples stored in an SCT under the same conditions. Conversely, a substantial decrease in median bacterial concentration was identified for samples stored for 24 hours in an SCT at 25°C, compared with the median concentration for samples stored in a UTT under the same conditions. Median bacterial concentration in samples stored in an SCT at 25°C for 24 hours (275 CFUs/mL) was less than the cutoff typically used to define clinically important bacteriuria by use of urine samples obtained via cystocentesis (ie, > 1,000 CFUs/mL).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Canine urine samples submitted for immediate QBC should be transported in plain sterile tubes such as SCTs. When prolonged (24-hour) storage at room temperature is anticipated, urine samples should be transported in UTTs.
Survey of occupational hazards in Minnesota veterinary practices in 2012
Authors: Fowler Heather N. , Holzbauer Stacy M. , Smith Kirk E. , Scheftel Joni M. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the scope of occupational hazards encountered by veterinary personnel and compare hazard exposures between veterinarians and technicians working in small and large animal practices.
DESIGN Cross-sectional survey.
POPULATION Licensed veterinarians and veterinary staff in Minnesota.
PROCEDURES A survey of Minnesota veterinary personnel was conducted between February 1 and December 1, 2012. Adult veterinary personnel working in clinical practice for > 12 months were eligible to participate. Information was collected on various workplace hazards as well as on workplace safety culture.
RESULTS 831 eligible people responded, representing approximately 10% of Minnesota veterinary personnel. A greater proportion of veterinarians (93%; 368/394) reported having received preexposure rabies vaccinations than did veterinary technicians (54%; 198/365). During their career, 226 (27%) respondents had acquired at least 1 zoonotic infection and 636 (77%) had been injured by a needle or other sharps. Recapping of needles was reported by 87% of respondents; the most common reason reported by veterinarians (41%; 142/345) and veterinary technicians (71%; 238/333) was being trained to do so at school or work. Recent feelings of depression were reported by 204 (25%) respondents. A greater proportion of technicians (42%; 155/365) than veterinarians (21%; 81/394) indicated working in an environment in which employees experienced some form of workplace abuse.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Veterinary personnel in Minnesota were exposed to several work-related hazards. Practice staff should assess workplace hazards, implement controls, and incorporate instruction on occupational health into employee training.
Monocyte- and Neutrophil-Derived CXCL10 Impairs Efficient Control of Blood-Stage Malaria Infection and Promotes Severe Disease
Authors: Ioannidis Lisa J. , Nie Catherine Q. , Ly Ann , Ryg-Cornejo Victoria , Chiu Chris Y. , Hansen Diana S. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
CXCL10, or IFN-γ–inducible protein 10, is a biomarker associated with increased risk for Plasmodium falciparum–mediated cerebral malaria (CM). Consistent with this, we have previously shown that CXCL10 neutralization or genetic deletion alleviates brain intravascular inflammation and protects Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected mice from CM. In addition to organ-specific effects, the absence of CXCL10 during infection was also found to reduce parasite biomass. To identify the cellular sources of CXCL10 responsible for these processes, we irradiated and reconstituted wild-type (WT) and CXCL10−/− mice with bone marrow from either WT or CXCL10−/− mice. Similar to CXCL10−/− mice, chimeras unable to express CXCL10 in hematopoietic-derived cells controlled infection more efficiently than WT controls. In contrast, expression of CXCL10 in knockout mice reconstituted with WT bone marrow resulted in high parasite biomass levels, higher brain parasite and leukocyte sequestration rates, and increased susceptibility to CM. Neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes were identified as the main cellular sources of CXCL10 responsible for the induction of these processes. The improved control of parasitemia observed in the absence of CXCL10-mediated trafficking was associated with a preferential accumulation of CXCR3+CD4+ T follicular helper cells in the spleen and enhanced Ab responses to infection. These results are consistent with the notion that some inflammatory responses elicited in response to malaria infection contribute to the development of high parasite densities involved in the induction of severe disease in target organs.
Human Neutrophils Use Different Mechanisms To Kill Aspergillus fumigatus Conidia and Hyphae: Evidence from Phagocyte Defects
Authors: Gazendam Roel P. , van Hamme John L. , Tool Anton T. J. , Hoogenboezem Mark , van den Berg J. Merlijn , Prins Jan M. , Vitkov Ljubomir , van de Veerdonk Frank L. , van den Berg Timo K. , Roos Dirk , Kuijpers Taco W. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Neutrophils are known to play a pivotal role in the host defense against Aspergillus infections. This is illustrated by the prevalence of Aspergillus infections in patients with neutropenia or phagocyte functional defects, such as chronic granulomatous disease. However, the mechanisms by which human neutrophils recognize and kill Aspergillus are poorly understood. In this work, we have studied in detail which neutrophil functions, including neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, are involved in the killing of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia and hyphae, using neutrophils from patients with well-defined genetic immunodeficiencies. Recognition of conidia involves integrin CD11b/CD18 (and not dectin-1), which triggers a PI3K-dependent nonoxidative intracellular mechanism of killing. When the conidia escape from early killing and germinate, the extracellular destruction of the Aspergillus hyphae needs opsonization by Abs and involves predominantly recognition via Fcγ receptors, signaling via Syk, PI3K, and protein kinase C to trigger the production of toxic reactive oxygen metabolites by the NADPH oxidase and myeloperoxidase. A. fumigatus induces NET formation; however, NETs did not contribute to A. fumigatus killing. Thus, our findings reveal distinct killing mechanisms of Aspergillus conidia and hyphae by human neutrophils, leading to a comprehensive insight in the innate antifungal response.
Complement Component 3 Is Regulated by TWIST1 and Mediates Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Cho Min Soon , Rupaimoole Rajesha , Choi Hyun-Jin , Noh Kyunghee , Chen Jichao , Hu Qianghua , Sood Anil K. , Afshar-Kharghan Vahid 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
We have previously shown that complement component 3 (C3) is secreted by malignant epithelial cells. To understand the mechanism of upregulation of C3 expression in tumor cells, we studied the C3 promoter and identified that twist basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor 1 (TWIST1) binds to the C3 promoter and enhances its expression. Because TWIST1 mediates epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), we studied the effect of C3 on EMT and found that C3 decreased E-cadherin expression on cancer cells and promoted EMT. We showed that C3-induced reduction in E-cadherin expression in ovarian cancer cells was mediated by C3a and is Krüppel-like factor 5 dependent. We investigated the association between TWIST1 and C3 in malignant tumors and in murine embryos. TWIST1 and C3 colocalized at the invasive tumor edges, and in the neural crest and limb buds of mouse embryos. Our results identified TWIST1 as a transcription factor that regulates C3 expression during pathologic and physiologic EMT.
Understanding the Provision of Assistive Mobility and Daily Living Devices and Service Delivery to Veterans After Stroke
Authors: Kairalla John A. , Winkler Sandra L. , Feng Hua 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to determine whether facility-level, structural factors affect the provision of assistive devices and services.
DESIGN. A retrospective design was used. Activities of daily living and mobility-related devices were categorized into 11 types. Logistic regression models were performed for each type of device, controlling for patient-level and facility-level covariates.
RESULTS. Non–veteran-level factors significantly affect the provision of assistive devices, even after covariate adjustment. Increased rehabilitation clinician staffing by 1 full-time equivalent position was associated with increased provision odds of 1%–5% for 5 of 11 types of devices. Lower facility complexity was significantly associated with increased provision odds of 35%–59% for 3 types of devices and with decreased provision odds of 16%–69% for 3 types of devices.
CONCLUSION. System-level factors, in addition to patient need, significantly affect the provision of assistive devices. Provision guidelines could assist clinicians in making decisions about device provision.
Occupational Engagement and Adults With Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Mahoney Wanda J. , Roberts Elysa , Bryze Kimberly , Parker Kent Judith A. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
People with intellectual disabilities may be predisposed to occupational alienation as a result of an inherent need for ongoing support and limited understanding of how they express choice and engagement in occupation. In response to this risk of occupational injustice, this phenomenological study explored the occupational engagement of adults with intellectual disabilities in a community-based day program. Data were collected through interviews using visual supports and through observation of activity groups using the Volitional Questionnaire. Thematic analysis illustrated how participants demonstrated engagement in occupation through doing activity/initiating action, expressing positive affect, and showing focused attention. Findings can inform how occupational therapy practitioners describe and facilitate occupational engagement in adults with intellectual disabilities.
Use of a Modified Frazier Water Protocol in Critical Illness Survivors With Pulmonary Compromise and Dysphagia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bernard Shari , Loeslie Vicki , Rabatin Jeffrey 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Limited information is available regarding use of the Frazier free water protocol (FWP) with hospitalized patients who have dysphagia and have survived a critical illness with compromised pulmonary status. This pilot study used a two-group nonequivalent comparison group design to evaluate the FWP in 15 adults admitted to a respiratory care unit (RCU) with dysphagia concerns. Inclusion criteria included recommendation for a modified diet with thickened liquids by a dysphagia therapist and ability to follow the specific free water guidelines. The 15 control participants were chosen from a retrospective chart review of consecutive RCU admissions that met the same inclusion criteria. The intervention group for whom the free water guidelines were implemented did not differ significantly from the control group in rate of development of aspiration pneumonia, χ2(30) = .01, p = 1.00.