bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Clinical and Electrophysiological Study of Peripheral Neuropathies in Predialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients and Relation of Severity of Peripheral Neuropathy with Degree of Renal Failure
Authors: Jasti Dushyanth Babu , Mallipeddi Sarat , Apparao A. , Vengamma B. , Sivakumar V. , Kolli Satyarao 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the prevalence, clinical features, electrophysiological features, and severity of peripheral neuropathy in predialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with respect to severity of renal failure and presence of diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: Between May 2015 and December 2016, 200 predialysis CKD patients were assessed prospectively. Results: The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in predialysis CKD patients in the present study was 45% based on clinical symptoms and 90% electrophysiologically. Mean age of 200 predialysis CKD patients who participated in the study was 53.2 ± 13.2 years. One hundred and thirty-six (68%) patients were male and 64 (32%) patients were female. Mean duration of disease was 2.2 ± 1.6 years. Nearly 45% patients of patients had asymptomatic peripheral neuropathy in the present study, which was more common in mild-to-moderate renal failure group. One hundred twenty-six patients (63%) had definite damage and 54 patients (27%) had early damage. In mild-to-moderate renal failure (n = 100) and severe renal failure patients (n = 100), 88% and 92% had significant peripheral neuropathy, respectively. Most common nerves involved were sural nerve, median sensory nerve, and ulnar sensory nerve. Diabetic patients (97%) showed more severe and high prevalence of peripheral neuropathy when compared to nondiabetic patients (83%). Most common patterns were pure axonal sensorimotor neuropathy and mixed sensorimotor neuropathy. Conclusion: Peripheral neuropathy is common in predialysis patients, prevalence and severity of which increases as renal failure worsens. Predialysis patients with diabetes show higher prevalence and severity of peripheral neuropathy when compared with nondiabetics.
Impact of Road Traffic Injury to Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury in Southern Thailand
Authors: Tunthanathip Thara , Phuenpathom Nakornchai 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
Background: Motor vehicle is a major transportation in Southern Thailand as the result of road traffic injury and death. Consequently, severe disability and mortality in pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) were observed from traffic accident, particularly motorcycle accident. To identify the risk of intracranial injury in children, the association of treatment outcome with various factors including mechanisms of injury, clinical characteristics, and intracranial pathology can be assessed. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted on children, who were younger than 15 years old with TBI and were enrolled from 2004 to 2015. Several clinically relevant issues were reviewed and statistically analyzed. Results: A total of 948 casualties were enrolled. Compared with falling down, the motorcycle accident was significantly associated with intracranial injury (odds ratio 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–2.76). Other factors associated with intracranial injury were hemiparesis (odds ratio 5.69, 95% CI 1.44–22.36), positive of basal skull fracture signs (odds ratio 15.66, 95% CI 3.44-71.28), and fixed reaction to light of both pupils (odds ratio 5.74, 95% CI 1.71–19.23). Mortality found in thirty cases (3.2%). Furthermore, the risk of death correlated with motorcycle accident (P = 0.02) and severe head injury (P < 0.001). Neurosurgical intervention was not associated with outcome, but severe head injury, hemorrhagic shock, epidural, and subdural hematoma were impact factors. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate road traffic injury, especially motorcycle accident leading to brain injury and death. Prevention program is a necessary key to decrease mortality and disability in pediatric TBI.
Progesterone and Estrogen Receptors in Neurofibromas of Patients with NF1
Authors: Geller Mauro , Mezitis Spyros G.E. , Nunes Fabio Pereira , Ribeiro Marcia G. , Araújo Alexandra Prufer de Q.C. , Bronstein Marcello D. , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo , Gomes Andréia Patrícia , Oliveira Lisa , Cunha Karin Soares Gonçalves 
Published: November 2017

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or von Recklinghausen disease is a genetic disorder affecting the growth of cells in nervous system. One of the most remarkable characteristics of this disease is the development of benign tumors of the nervous system (neurofibromas). The purpose of this study was to test tissue samples taken from neurofibromas and plexiform neurofibromas of NF1 patients for the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors. We used previously collected samples from patients registered in the database of the Centro Nacional de Neurofibromatose (CNNF-Brazil). Samples from twenty-five patients in the database presenting plexiform neurofibromas (N1 group) and 25 samples from the same database from patients presenting neurofibromas (N2 group) were tested. We observed positive staining for progesterone receptors in 13 of the neurofibroma samples and 19 of the plexiform neurofibroma samples. Among the neurofibroma samples, we observed one sample with positive estrogen receptor staining, but none of the plexiform neurofibroma samples showed positive staining. We suggest further studies to investigate in greater depth possible hormonal influences on the development and growth of neurofibromas and plexiform neurofibromas in NF1.
The Physiological Action of Picolinic Acid in the Human Brain
Authors: Grant R.S. , Coggan S.E. , Smythe G.A. 
Published: November 2017

Picolinic Acid is an endogenous metabolite of L-tryptophan (TRP) that has been reported to possess a wide range of neuroprotective, immunological, and anti-proliferative affects within the body. However the salient physiological function of this molecule is yet to be established. The synthesis of picolinic acid as a product of the kynurenine pathway (KP) suggests that, similar to other KP metabolites, picolinic acid may play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders within the CNS and possibly other organs. In this paper we review the limited body of literature dealing with the physiological actions of picolinic acid in the CNS and its associated synthesis via the kynurenine pathway in health and disease. Discrepancies and gaps in our current knowledge of picolinic acid are identified highlighting areas of research to promote a more complete understanding of its endogenous function in the brain.
Una mirada arqueológica de los discursos sobre transexualidad: Modalidades de producción de conocimiento y subjetividades
Authors: Dellacasa María Alejandra 
Published: November 2017

El abordaje psiquiátrico de la transexualidad junto al dispositivo médico-legal que se ha montado en su nombre, pueden leerse como parte del accionar de la biopolítica en la sexualidad, los cuerpos y la subjetividad. En este artículo presentamos los discursos que crean la transexualidad como un "hecho científico" con la intensión de desandar la historia que precede y a la vez condiciona el uso contemporáneo del término. A través de un análisis de controversias, abordamos dos paradigmas enfrentados -el del campo psi y el de las ciencias médicas- cuyos preconceptos, nosología y principios ideológicos subyacentes han dado forma a los discursos y las prácticas condicionando el surgimiento del dispositivo de la transexualidad. Particularmente, este trabajo propone visibilizar ciertas modalidades de producción de conocimiento científico que validan intervenciones en las subjetividades, tanto en términos de clasificación diagnóstica, como de intervenciones de transformación corporal -hormonales y quirúrgicas-produciendo en la práctica subjetividades mediadas tecnológicamente. Concluimos que este proceso de desnaturalización, que se inició con el concepto de identidad de género, continúa avanzando paulatinamente hacia la sexualidad, el cuerpo y las subjetividades.
Bayesian inverse modeling of the atmospheric transport and emissions of a controlled tracer release from a nuclear power plant
Authors: Lucas Donald D. , Simpson Matthew , Cameron-Smith Philip , Baskett Ronald L. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Probability distribution functions (PDFs) of model inputs that affect the transport and dispersion of a trace gas released from a coastal California nuclear power plant are quantified using ensemble simulations, machine-learning algorithms, and Bayesian inversion. The PDFs are constrained by observations of tracer concentrations and account for uncertainty in meteorology, transport, diffusion, and emissions. Meteorological uncertainty is calculated using an ensemble of simulations of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model that samples five categories of model inputs (initialization time, boundary layer physics, land surface model, nudging options, and reanalysis data). The WRF output is used to drive tens of thousands of FLEXPART dispersion simulations that sample a uniform distribution of six emissions inputs. Machine-learning algorithms are trained on the ensemble data and used to quantify the sources of ensemble variability and to infer, via inverse modeling, the values of the 11 model inputs most consistent with tracer measurements. We find a substantial ensemble spread in tracer concentrations (factors of 10 to 103), most of which is due to changing emissions inputs (about 80 %), though the cumulative effects of meteorological variations are not negligible. The performance of the inverse method is verified using synthetic observations generated from arbitrarily selected simulations. When applied to measurements from a controlled tracer release experiment, the inverse method satisfactorily determines the location, start time, duration and amount. In a 2 km × 2 km area of possible locations, the actual location is determined to within 200 m. The start time is determined to within 5 min out of 2 h, and the duration to within 50 min out of 4 h. Over a range of release amounts of 10 to 1000 kg, the estimated amount exceeds the actual amount of 146 kg by only 32 kg. The inversion also estimates probabilities of different WRF configurations. To best match the tracer observations, the highest-probability cases in WRF are associated with using a late initialization time and specific reanalysis data products.
Not on the Mayflower: Dietrich W. Botstiber's Journey from Anschluss Vienna to Philadelphia, 1938
Authors: Botstiber Dietrich W. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This selection from Dietrich W. Botstiber's memoir chronicles his final months working as an engineer in Vienna and his journey to the United States in 1938, after Germany annexed Austria. It comes from chapters 17–20 of his memoir, Not on the Mayflower (2007). Botstiber had already been preparing to emigrate to the United States since as early as 1931 to further his engineering career, facilitating his exit in 1938. In the passage below, Botstiber observes the growing presence of Nazis in Vienna in the spring before his departure. He explains the extensive network of American and British officials and personal contacts he called upon to help him emigrate and his travels across Europe and the Atlantic. Botstiber lived the rest of his life in Philadelphia, working in several industries before launching the Technical Development Company. He began the foundation that bears his name in 1995 and passed away in 2002.
Effect of a medicinal plant (Passiflora incarnata L) on sleep
Authors: Guerrero Fructuoso Ayala , Medina Graciela Mexicano 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Extracts of the plant Passiflora incarnata L. (Passifloraceae) were administered intraperitoneally in order to test its effects on sleep.
METHOD: Experiments were carried out on chronically implanted male adult wistar rats to obtain cerebral (EEG), ocular (EOG) and muscular (EMG) activities throughout their states of vigilance. Polygraphic recordings were taken during 9 continuous hours before and after the extract administration (500 mg/kg).
RESULTS:
Passiflora incarnata induced a significant increment in the total sleep time (p<0.05). This increment was due to an increase in the time spent by animals in slow wave sleep (SWS). Concomitantly, a significant decrement in wakefulness (W) was observed (p<0.05). In contrast, time spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep showed a decreasing tendency, since both its frequency and mean duration were reduced.
CONCLUSIONS: The extracts obtained from Passiflora incarnata can be considered as appropriated sleep inducers.
Validation of midsagittal jaw movements to measure sleep in healthy adults by comparison with actigraphy and polysomnography
Authors: Chakar Bassam , Senny Frédéric , Poirrier Anne-Lise , Cambron Laurent , Fanielle Julien , Poirrier Robert 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: In a device based on midsagittal jaw movements analysis, we assessed a sleep-wake automatic detector as an objective method to measure sleep in healthy adults by comparison with wrist actigraphy against polysomnography (PSG).
METHODS: Simultaneous and synchronized in-lab PSG, wrist actigraphy and jaw movements were carried out in 38 healthy participants. Epoch by epoch analysis was realized to assess the ability to sleep-wake distinction. Sleep parameters as measured by the three devices were compared. This included three regularly reported parameters: total sleep time, sleep onset latency, and wake after sleep onset. Also, two supplementary parameters, wake during sleep period and latency time, were added to measure quiet wakefulness state.
RESULTS: The jaw movements showed sensitivity level equal to actigraphy 96% and higher specificity level (64% and 48% respectively). The level of agreement between the two devices was high (87%). The analysis of their disagreement by discrepant resolution analysis used PSG as resolver revealed that jaw movements was right (58.9%) more often than actigraphy (41%). In sleep parameters comparison, the coefficient correlation of jaw movements was higher than actigraphy in all parameters. Moreover, its ability to distinct sleep-wake state allowed for a more effective estimation of the parameters that measured the quiet wakefulness state.
CONCLUSIONS: Midsagittal jaw movements analysis is a reliable method to measure sleep. In healthy adults, this device proved to be superior to actigraphy in terms of estimation of all sleep parameters and distinction of sleep-wake status.
Cómo enseñar E/LE para brasileños con el empleo del diccionario en clase: el caso de las marcas de uso<
Authors: Araújo Edna María V.M. , Lima Moreira Glauber 
Published: November 2017

Resumen: El propósito principal del presente trabajo es presentar una secuencia didáctica mediante el uso del diccionario para el desarrollo de la escritura de los estudiantes brasileños de español como lengua extranjera (E/LE), nivel B1 y B2. Hemos considerado las nuevas competencias y prácticas pedagógicas, incluyendo el uso del diccionario en el aula como género textual dirigido a la enseñanza de lenguas. Este artículo está basado en los estudios de Alzola Fariñas (2001), Kleiman (2002, 2013), Araújo (2007), Pontes (2009), Moreira (2009) y Rojo (2013), entre otros. Es importante que el profesor y el estudiante sepan cómo utilizar todas las posibilidades que el diccionario ofrece para el aprendizaje. Trabajamos con las marcas lexicográficas de la lengua (información sobre los aspectos socioculturales de la lengua), como diatécnicas medicina (MED), informática (INF), botánica (BOT), etc. Utilizamos diccionarios monolingües y semibilingües adecuados a los aprendices en la etapa del desarrollo y consolidación de la escritura en E/LE.Palabras clave: diccionario pedagógico, aprendizaje de la escritura, enseñanza del español, secuencia didáctica. Abstract: The main purpose of this work is to present a didactic sequence through the use of dictionary for the development of writing by Brazilian students of Spanish as a foreign language (SFL), levels B1 and B2. We have considered the new pedagogical and practices skills, including the use of dictionary in the classroom as a textual genre aimed at teaching languages. This article is based on the studies of Alzola Fariñas (2001), Kleiman (2002, 2013), Araújo (2007), Pontes (2009), Moreira (2009) and Rojo (2013), among others. It is important that teachers and students know how to use all the possibilities that the dictionary offers for learning. We worked with the lexicographical marks of the language (information on the sociocultural aspects of the language) such as medicine (MED), computing (COMP), botany (BOT), etc. We used suitable monolingual and bilingualized dictionaries for learners in the writing development stage.Keywords: pedagogical dictionary, improving writing, teaching Spanish, didactic Sequence.
Cuando un príncipe besa a una rana: ¡Sorpresa! Una propuesta didáctica desde la homosexualidad
Authors: Jódar Sánchez José Antonio , Domene Benito Rocío 
Published: November 2017

Resumen: En esta propuesta didáctica, utilizamos el álbum ilustrado como herramienta para la enseñanza de contenido lingüístico, así como valores sociales y cívicos a un grupo de estudiantes de ELE de nivel A2. Utilizamos el álbum ilustrado El día de la rana roja que narra la historia de dos príncipes que se enamoran y adoptan a una niña huérfana. Estructuramos nuestra propuesta en cuatro fases (introducción, comprensión, consolidación, resignificación), de las cuáles las dos últimas son las dos que más desarrollamos. Planteamos una entrevista a la rana del cuento, un teatro con marionetas, y el dibujo del mapa del reino como actividades de introducción. En la fase de comprensión se sugieren actividades de léxico y gramática sencillas, tratando, por ejemplo, los tiempos de presente y futuro. En la fase de consolidación, el profesor tiene la opción de realizar el taller del adivinador de sueños o la puesta en escena de declaraciones de amor entre animales. Finalmente, para la fase de resignificación, se cuestiona por qué el rey y la reina cambian el vestido por unos pantalones al averiguar que su hijo se casará con un chico.Palabras clave: Homosexualidad, español como lengua extranjera, álbum ilustrado, El día de la rana roja. Abstract: This teaching material is based on the picture book El día de la rana roja, the story of a prince who marries another man and together adopt an orphan child. It is targeted to students of Spanish as a foreign language of any country, including the United States, with an A2 level. Picture books are useful tools to teach, not only language and grammar, but also civility and good manners in society. The proposal is divided into four phases (introduction, comprehension, consolidation, and intellectual challenge), the latter of which are explained in detail. For the introduction phase, we propose interviewing the frog in the story, having a puppet role play narrating the story, and drawing a map of the kingdom. For the comprehesion phase, we suggest grammar (present and future tense) activities and lexicon ones. For the consolidation phase, the teacher can choose between doing an activity with a mind reader or with declarations of love among animals. Finally, for the phase where their ideas are challenged, the focus is on the topic of clothing. The fact that the king and queen change the dress of the princess for a pair of trousers for the prince is challenged to show students that clothing is a mere social convention based on sex that can be questioned.Keywords: Homosexuality, Spanish as a foreign language, picture book, El día de la rana roja.
Creatividad en la enseñanza de español para negocios
Authors: Montañez Mesas Marta Pilar 
Published: November 2017

Resumen: La creatividad forma parte del aprendizaje, especialmente en ELE, también para fines específicos como español para los negocios. El proceso creativo pone orden en los nuevos conocimientos o contenidos y, al mismo tiempo, el resultado genera satisfacción en el aprendiz. En otras palabras, aprendemos mejor cuando la tarea nos interesa o nos emociona. Existen varios tipos de tareas creativas, pero podrían agruparse en dos: algunas de ellas requieren el manejo de programas informáticos y otras son de tipo retórico o literario. En las tareas que aquí se proponen, el aprendiz es el protagonista de su aprendizaje y ha de crear de la nada un texto original e inédito. Finalmente, la creatividad es útil pero tiene que adaptarse a cada grupo específico. Palabras clave: creatividad, ELE, español para fines específicos, español para los negocios, B1-B2 Abstract: Creativity is part of learning, especially in SFL, also in Spanish for Specific Purposes like Spanish for business. Creative process put order in new knowledge or contents and, at the same time, the results make the student happy. In other words, we learn better when we are interested in the task or it produces us emotions. In general, there are two types of creativity tasks: some of them need computer programs and others are rhetorical or literary. In the tasks that are proposes here the student is the protagonist of his learning and he has to create of nothing some original and unpublished text. Finally, creativity is useful but it has been adapted to the specific group. Key words: creativity, SFL, Spanish for Specific Purposes, Spanish for business, B1-B2
INFLUENCE OF THE CEFTA 2006 AGREEMENT ON BIH ECONOMY
Authors: Kovač Helena 
Published: November 2017

For the countries like Bosnia and Herzegovina, which are dependent of foreign trade because of their size and open economy, involvement in the process of regional cooperation and integration is a condition without which the further progress is not possible. Commitment of Bosnia and Herzegovina is to be a part of the Europan Union. A regional associating of countries in the region and making of free trade area such as CEFTA 2006, is creation of prerequisites for accomplishment of criteria which are imperative to accession of one country to the Europan Union. This agreement which establishes new and modern trade rules and defines questions of liberalization of services, investments, public procurement and intellectual properties, is meant to ensure for the signatory country to make better results in the foreign trade and attract direct foreign investment through its consistent implementation. The capibility of a country to maximize benefits which are the result of application of this agreement, represents a direct indicator of competence of the country, member of CEFTA, to participate in competition on the market of European Union.In order to confirm the main hypothesis that Bosnia and Herzegovina did not have huge benefits of CEFTA 2006 Agreement, the following scientific methods are used: analysis and synthesis, comparative method, classification method, description, stastistical, historic method, specialization, approving methods, deductive and inductive, compilation, observing, abstraction and concretization. The research goal is to determine and present the real result which comes out of this free trade zone and implications of exit of Croatia from CEFTA Agreement on economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina.