bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Trichoderma virens and Burkholderia cepacia for antagonistic activity against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Massoud Samia , Meyer Susan L.F. , Roberts Daniel , Chitwood David 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe bacterium Burkholderia cepacia (strain Bc-2) and the fungus Trichoderma virens (strain Gl-3) were investigated for activity against the nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Culture filtrates from Bc-2 and Gl-3 contained extracellular factors that inhibited egg hatch and second-stage juvenile (J2) mobility. Size fractionation results and lack of detectable chitinase or protease activities from Bc-2 and Gl-3 culture filtrates suggested that the inhibitory factors in the in vitro assays were non-enzymic. Tomato root explant cultures of M. incognita treated with T.virens culture filtrate had 42% fewer eggs and J2 per g of roots than cultures treated with control medium that had not been inoculated with T. virens. In glasshouse tests with tomato, Bc-2 and Gl-3 were applied individually as seed coatings and as root drenches in both viable and non-viable formulations. At the 65-day harvest, non-viable B. cepacia was the only treatment that suppressed eggs and J2 per g of roots (29% suppression) compared to water controls. Evaluation de l'activité antagoniste de Trichoderma virens et Burkholderia cepacia envers le nématode Meloidogyne incognita - La bactérie Burkholderia cepacia (souche Bc-2) et le champignon Trichoderma virens (souche G1-3) ont été étudiés dans l'optique de leur action envers le nématode Meloidogyne incognita. Les filtrats de culture de Bc-2 et de G1-3 contiennent des facteurs extracellulaires inhibant l'éclosion et la motilité des juvéniles de deuxième stade (J2) du nématode. Les résultats de fractionnements relatifs à la taille et la nondétection d'une activité chitinasique ou protéasique dans les filtrats de culture de Bc-2 et G1-3 suggèrent que les facteurs inhibant présents lors des expériences in vitro ne sont pas de nature enzymatique. Des élevages de M. incognita sur explants de racines de tomate traités avec des filtrats de culture de T. virens produisent des oeufs et des J2 en nombre inférieur de 42% à celui d'élevages traités par un milieu témoin, non inoculé avec T. virens. Lors d'essais en serre sur tomate, Bc-2 et G1-3 ont été appliqués séparément, soit en pralinage des semences, soit sur la tranchée, et en formulation vivante ou non-vivante. A la récolte, après 65 jours, la formulation non-vivante de B. cepacia s'est révélée le seul traitement diminuant le nombre d'oeufs et de J2 par g de racines: moins 29% par rapport au témoin ne contenant que de l'eau.
Mixed-layer kaolinite-illite-vermiculite in North Sea shales
Authors: Sakharov B. A. , Lindgreen H. , Salyn A. L. , Drits V. A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe finest fractions of Upper Jurassic shales from the North Sea and onshore Denmark contain 80–90% of an illite-smectite-vermiculite (I-S-V) mixed-layer mineral and, in addition a phase which has X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks at 7.20–7.26 Å and 3.56–3.58 Å in air- dried and glycolated specimens. This phase may be a fine kaolinite with a small thickness of coherent scattering domains (CSDs) or alternatively a mixed-layer mineral which has kaolinite as the dominant component. For one sample from the Norwegian well 9/4-3, these alternatives are investigated using the multi-specimen method by which agreement between the experimental pattern and the pattern calculated for one and the same structure is obtained for each of several specimens saturated with different cations and with/without glycolation. It is demonstrated that the modelled XRD patterns for a kaolinite-illite-vermiculite (K-I-V) structure having 0.94 kaolinite, 0.03 illite and 0.03 vermiculite layers and random alternation fit the experimental patterns.
Adsorption of silane coupling agents onto kaolinite surfaces
Authors: Johansson U. , Holmgren A. , Forsling W. , Frost R. L. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe adsorption of the silane coupling agents N-(2-amino-ethyl)-3-aminopropyl- trimethoxysilane (Z-6020), N-(2-(vinylbenzyl-amino)-ethyl)-3-amino-propyl-trimethoxysilane (Z-6032) and 3-glycidoxy-propyl-trimethoxysilane (Z-6040) onto the surface of kaolinite has been studied using the solvents water and ethanol. The adsorbed silanes were analysed using diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared (DRIFT) spectroscopy and FT-Raman spectroscopy. When the silane coupling agents are dissolved in water, silanol groups are formed. Raman spectra of aqueous solutions of the silanes show that condensation of the silanols into oligomers occurred. The peak at 1000 cm-1 assigned to Si–O–Si vibrations indicates that polymerization has occurred. A similar behaviour is observed when the silanes are dissolved in ethanol. The DRIFT spectra show that the silane coupling agents adsorb onto the surface of kaolinite. It is proposed that the oligomers are bonded to the kaolinite surface only by hydrogen bondings with no covalent bonds formed.
Late-orogenic alpine-type (apatite)-quartz fissure vein mineralization in the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, NW Germany: mineralogy, formation conditions and lateral-secretionary origin
Authors: Wagner T. , Cook N. J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractMineralogical, geochemical and fluid inclusion investigations of a representative suite of fissure vein mineralizations in the Rheinisches Schiefergebirge, NW Germany indicate a link to the latest stage of the Variscan orogenic evolution. Model P-T-conditions during initiation of fibrous fissure vein quartz growth are in the range 370–420°C at 0.2–0.7 kbar. The dataset suggests significant fluid cooling during evolution of the vein systems. Minimum temperatures at the end of fibrous quartz growth lie in the range 140–190°C, with conductive heat transfer and heat consumption during interaction with wallrock believed to be the main mechanisms responsible. Wallrock alteration is characterized by leaching and mobilization of most of the dominant vein components (quartz, albite, apatite), notably Si, Na and P. The principal stage of vein formation is, on the basis of available data, believed to relate to a process of intra-formational redistribution or lateral secretion. However, part of those elements deposited both in wallrock and fissure veins were probably supplied directly by the external fluid. Rates of fissure opening and material deposition were in equilibrium during the principal growth stage of fibrous quartz. However, this situation evolved due to a slowing down of material supply and deposition coupled with an increased rate of fissure opening to produce open fissures and formation of idiomorphic quartz crystals within them. Deposition depths were in the range of 0.6–2.1 km, appreciably lower than estimations of overburden. We believe therefore that formation of the fissure vein systems took place along the retrograde late–orogenic exhumation path, in a transitional stage between Variscan collision and a late- to post-orogenic extensional regime. Fluid composition characteristics also strongly suggest a relationship to the latest stages of the Variscan mineralization cycle in which low–salinity brines dominate. Development of fissure vein systems during the latest stages of continental collision, identified here from the Variscan orogeny, can be considered analogous with similar phenomena in the Alpine orogenic belt.
Petrography and mineral chemistry of mantle xenoliths in a carbonate-rich melilititic tuff from Mt. Vulture volcano, southern Italy
Authors: Jones A. P. , Kostoula T. , Stoppa F. , Woolley A. R. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractWe present petrographic and mineralogical data for 21 mantle xenoliths (12 lherzolites, 8 wehrlites and 1 composite) selected from a suite of more than 70 samples collected from the Monticchio Formation, Mt. Vulture volcano, southern Italy. The xenoliths are rounded, coarse- to porphyroclastic-textured, and very fresh, with the following equilibrated mineral assemblages; olivine (Fo90–92), orthopyroxene (∼En89, Wo2.0), clinopyroxene (Mg90–92, 3–6% Al2O3, 1–1.5% Cr2O3), and chrome-spinel (14–20% MgO, ∼30–40% Cr2O3). Many xenoliths contain partial melt glasses and accessory sulphide (pentlandite) Some contain primary mica (phlogopite with ∼4% FeO, 1.8% Cr2O3, 1.4–2.8% TiO2) with slightly zoned rims (Fe-, Ti-, Al-enriched). One contains relics of garnet (pyrope; Mg84). Secondary veins in several xenoliths contain carbonate with significant Sr levels (∼0.5–1.0% SrO), occasional apatite and scarce melanite, all typical of carbonatites and presumably related to the host magma (melilitite/carbonatite). Although amphibole is a common megacryst in the same volcanic units, no primary amphibole was found in the xenoliths themselves. Calculated pressures and temperatures using a range of geothermometers/barometers give values of 14–22 kbar and 1050–1150°C. In particular, the En-Sp and Di-Sp thermo/barometers (Mercier, 1980) show a good positive correlation between P and T. The Monticchio xenoliths lie on the high-T side of an ‘oceanic’ geotherm. The xenolith geotherm is hotter than general heat flow values in this region at the current day (50 mWm−2) but it compares well with the high-pressure end of a typical alkaline continental rift.
Synneusis of zircon: why not?
Authors: Alexandrov P. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSome zircons from the Hercynian Soultz granite, NE France, exhibit complex structures, with double cores and oscillatory-banded overgrowths. These glomeroporphyritic crystals are uncommon for zircons, in which synneusis has not previously been described. The cores of the zircons are considered to correspond to very quickly formed {100} or {110} prisms. These could slowly sediment in the magma chamber and cluster together while sinking. The overgrowth rims correspond to a slower growth rate.U/Pb ion-probe dating of the cores and the overgrowth rims provided the same age of 327±6 Ma. Chemical electron microprobe analyses indicated that cores and rims have the same composition for major and trace elements.The sinking of zircons accounts for the abnormally high percentages of zircon in the lower parts of the granite. The formation of clusters in the early stages of crystallization needs stableP/Tconditions, a hot, liquid silicate melt with a high fluid content, and no other minerals crystallizing (liquidus phase).
Enhanced survival in Sandhoff disease mice receiving a combination of substrate deprivation therapy and bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Jeyakumar Mylvaganam , Norflus Francine , Tifft Cynthia J. , Cortina-Borja Mario , Butters Terry D. , Proia Richard L. , Perry V. Hugh , Dwek Raymond A. , Platt Frances M. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSandhoff disease is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by GM2 ganglioside accumulation in the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery. It results from mutations in the HEXB gene, causing a deficiency in β-hexosaminidase. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT), which augments enzyme levels, and substrate deprivation (using the glycosphingolipid biosynthesis inhibitor N-butyldeoxynojirimycin [NB-DNJ]) independently have been shown to extend life expectancy in a mouse model of Sandhoff disease. The efficacy of combining these 2 therapies was evaluated. Sandhoff disease mice treated with BMT and NB-DNJ survived significantly longer than those treated with BMT or NB-DNJ alone. When the mice were subdivided into 2 groups on the basis of their donor bone marrow–derived CNS enzyme levels, the high enzyme group exhibited a greater degree of synergy (25%) than the group as a whole (13%). Combination therapy may therefore be the strategy of choice for treating the infantile onset disease variants.
Stimulation of autologous proliferative and cytotoxic T-cell responses by “leukemic dendritic cells” derived from blast cells in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Harrison Beth D. , Adams Julie A. , Briggs Mark , Brereton Michelle L. , Yin John A. Liu 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Effective presentation of tumor antigens is fundamental to strategies aimed at enrolling the immune system in eradication of residual disease after conventional treatments. Myeloid malignancies provide a unique opportunity to derive dendritic cells (DCs), functioning antigen-presenting cells, from the malignant cells themselves. These may then co-express leukemic antigens together with appropriate secondary signals and be used to generate a specific, antileukemic immune response. In this study, blasts from 40 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were cultured with combinations of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin 4, and tumor necrosis factor α, and development to DCs was assessed. After culture, cells from 24 samples exhibited morphological and immunophenotypic features of DCs, including expression of major histocompatibility complex class II, CD1a, CD83, and CD86, and were potent stimulators in an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Stimulation of autologous T-cell responses was assessed by the proliferative response of autologous T cells to the leukemic DCs and by demonstration of the induction of specific, autologous, antileukemic cytotoxicity. Of 17 samples, 11 were effective stimulators in the autologous MLR, and low, but consistent, autologous, antileukemic cytotoxicity was induced in 8 of 11 cases (mean, 27%; range, 17%-37%). This study indicates that cells with enhanced antigen-presenting ability can be generated from AML blasts, that these cells can effectively prime autologous cytotoxic T cells in vitro, and that they may be used as potential vaccines in the immunotherapy of AML.
EAF1, a novel ELL-associated factor that is delocalized by expression of the MLL-ELL fusion protein
Authors: Simone Federico , Polak Paul E. , Kaberlein Joseph J. , Luo Roger T. , Levitan Denise A. , Thirman Michael J. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
The (11;19)(q23;p13.1) translocation in acute leukemia leads to the generation of a chimeric protein that fuses MLL to the transcriptional elongation factor ELL. A novel protein was isolated from a yeast 2-hybrid screen with ELL that was named EAF1 for ELL-associated factor 1. Using specific antibodies, the endogenous EAF1 and ELL proteins were coimmunoprecipitated from multiple cell lines. In addition, endogenous EAF1 also exhibited the capacity to interact with ELL2. Database comparisons with EAF1 identified a region with a high content of serine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid residues that exhibited homology with the transcriptional activation domains of several translocation partner proteins of MLL, including AF4, LAF4, and AF5q31. A similar transcriptional activation domain has been identified in this region of EAF1. By confocal microscopy, endogenous EAF1 and ELL colocalized in a distinct nuclear speckled pattern. Transfection of theMLL-ELL fusion gene delocalized EAF1 from its nuclear speckled distribution to a diffuse nucleoplasmic pattern. In leukemic cell lines derived from mice transplanted withMLL-ELL–transduced bone marrow, EAF1 speckles were not detected. Taken together, these data suggest that expression of the MLL-ELL fusion protein may have a dominant effect on the normal protein-protein interactions of ELL.
Peripheral blood stem cell versus bone marrow allotransplantation: does the source of hematopoietic stem cells matter?
Authors: Körbling Martin , Anderlini Paolo 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells from 4 different sources have been or are being used for the reconstitution of lymphohematopoietic function after myeloablative, near-myeloablative, or nonmyeloablative treatment. Bone marrow (BM)–derived stem cells, introduced by E. D. Thomas in 1963,1 are considered the classical stem cell source. Fetal liver stem cell transplantation has been performed on a limited number of patients with aplastic anemia or acute leukemia, but only transient engraftment has been demonstrated.2 Peripheral blood as a stem cell source was introduced in 1981,3 and cord blood was introduced as a source in 1988.4 The various stem cell sources differ in their reconstitutive and immunogenic characteristics, which are based on the proportion of early pluripotent and self-renewing stem cells to lineage-committed late progenitor cells and on the number and characteristics of accompanying “accessory cells” contained in stem cell allografts.
High-Dose Chemotherapy in Poor-Prognosis Adult Small Round-Cell Tumors: Clinical and Molecular Results From a Prospective Study
Authors: Bertuzzi Alexia , Castagna Luca , Nozza Andrea , Quagliuolo Vittorio , Siracusano Licia , Balzarotti Monica , Compasso Silvana , Alloisio Marco , Soto Parra Hector , Santoro Armando 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: The prognosis of metastatic/high-risk localized small round-cell tumors (SRCTs) treated conventionally is dismal. In this phase II study, we explored a high-dose chemotherapy (HD-CT) approach and analyzed the clinical significance of fusion transcripts detection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From June 1997 to November 1999, 28 SRCT patients (median age, 26 years; 14 peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors [pPNETs], seven rhabdomyosarcomas [RMSs], and seven desmoplastic small round-cell tumors [DSRCTs]) received induction chemotherapy with ifosfamide, epirubicin, and vincristine followed by HD-CT. Local treatment (radiotherapy and/or surgery) was performed when possible. Molecular analysis was performed on peripheral-blood and leukapheresis products by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Overall response (OR) was 65% (18 of 28), with 40% complete response and 25% partial response. According to histology, the OR rate was 86% in pPNET and 43% in both RMS DSRCT. With a median follow-up of 35 months, median overall survival was 16 months and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10 months. PFS was statistically better in pPNET than other histologic types (P = .0045). No correlation was found between the fusion transcript and clinical outcome during follow-up. Furthermore, transcript detection in leukapheretic products was not of prognostic significance. CONCLUSION: Intensive HD-CT seems to enhance the response rate and survival when compared with conventional treatment in poor-prognosis pPNET. The poor results of this treatment in RMS and DSRCT do not support the inclusion of such an approach in these patient subsets. No definitive conclusions can currently be drawn concerning the clinical implications of the detection of fusion transcripts during treatment or follow-up.
Onasemnogene‐abeparvovec administration to premature infants with spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Brown Stephen M. , Ajjarapu Aparna S. , Ramachandra Divya , Blasco‐Pérez Laura , Costa‐Roger Mar , Tizzano Eduardo F. , Sumner Charlotte J. , Mathews Katherine D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTwin girls born at 30 weeks' gestation with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) received onsasemnogene‐abeparvovec (OA) at 3.5 weeks of life. They had no treatment‐related adverse events, normal acquisition of motor milestones, and normal neurological examination at 19 months. Genotyping revealed 0 copies of SMN1 and a single, hybrid SMN2 gene containing the positive genetic modifier c.835‐44A>G. This was associated with full‐length SMN2 blood mRNA expression levels similar to a 2 copy SMA infant. The observed favorable outcomes are likely due to the genetic modifier combined with early drug administration enabled by prematurity.
Precise Clearance of Intracellular MRSA via Internally and Externally Mediated Bioorthogonal Activation of Micro/Nano Hydrogel Microspheres
Authors: Yang Jianye , Chen Li , Cai Zhengwei , Pang Libin , Huang Yanran , Xiao Pengcheng , Wang Juan , Huang Wei , Cui Wenguo , Hu Ning 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTraditional high‐dose antibiotic treatments of intracellular methicillin‐resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are highly inefficient and associated with a high rate of infection relapse. As an effective antibacterial technology, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) may be able to break the dilemma. However, indiscriminate reactive oxygen species (ROS) release leads to potential side effects. This study incorporates Staphylococcal Protein A antibody‐modified Cu2+/tetracarboxyphenylporphyrin nanoparticles (Cu(II)NS‐SPA) into hydrogel microspheres (HAMA@Cu(II)NS‐SPA) to achieve precise eradication of intracellular bacteria. This eradication is under bioorthogonal activation mediated by bacillithiol (BSH) (internally) and ultrasound (US) (externally). To specify, the US responsiveness of Cu(II)NS‐SPA is restored when it is reduced to Cu(I)NS‐SPA by the BSH secreted characteristically by intracellular MRSA, thus forming a bioorthogonal activation with the external US, which confines ROS production within the infected MΦ. Under external US activation at 2 W cm−2, over 95% of intracellular MRSA can be cleared. In vivo, a single injection of HAMA@Cu(II)NS‐SPA achieves up to two weeks of antibacterial sonodynamic therapy, reducing pro‐inflammatory factor expression by 90%, and peri‐implant bone trabeculae numbers exceed the control group by five times. In summary, these micro/nano hydrogel microspheres mediated by internal and external bioorthogonal activation can precisely eliminate intracellular MRSA, effectively treating multi‐drug resistant intracellular bacterial infections.
An intersectional analysis of the health status, work conditions, and nonwork conditions of the U.S. working‐classed across class, sex, race, and nativity identities
Authors: Soh Eunice , Tsai Jenny Hsin‐Chun , Boutain Doris M. , Pike Kenneth 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundClassism, sexism, racism, and nativism intersect to create inequitable conditions and health outcomes based on workers’ social identities. This study describes the health status, work conditions, and nonwork conditions of the United States (U.S.) working‐classed at the intersections of class, sex, racial, and nativity identities.MethodsDescriptive statistics (e.g., frequencies, percentages) were calculated from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey data for the total working classed sample (N = 11,884) and 16 intersectional groupings. General and psychosocial health status, work factors, and access to resources outside of work were examined.ResultsIntersectional analysis revealed divisions in work and nonwork conditions despite the majority of each grouping reporting very good/excellent health. The majority of the female Latine born‐outside‐U.S. grouping (60%) reported not having paid sick leave. The majority of the male Latine born‐outside‐U.S. grouping reported having neither paid sick leave (62%) nor health insurance (55%). The majority of the female Latine (53%), male Latine (60%), and male Black (55%) born‐outside‐U.S. groupings reported workplaces as less safe. The majority of the female Latine born‐outside‐U.S. grouping (53%) was the only grouping to report being moderately/very worried about being able to afford housing costs.ConclusionThe health status and precarity of work and nonwork conditions of the U.S. working classed may be shaped by intersecting systems of power across class, sex, racial, and nativity identities. Intersectional analysis increases our purview to see who is most affected, how, and where, which can inform future opportunities to mitigate worker health inequities.