bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Surgical Cancer Care Delivery and Outcomes Between Safety‐Net and Non‐Safety‐Net Hospitals in the United States: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Alsalek Samir , Liu Kristie Q. , Han Jane S. , Christian Eisha A. , Attenello Frank J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundStudies evaluating the association of safety‐net hospitals (SNHs) with outcomes of surgical care in cancer patients have demonstrated mixed results. We sought to systematically investigate the association of SNH status with measures of surgical cancer care delivery and outcomes.MethodsA comprehensive review of the literature identified from the MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute's tool. The findings were synthesized qualitatively.ResultsOf the 1749 records identified, 33 retrospective studies were included, 79% of which investigated national databases. Risk of bias assessment revealed average score of 78%. Among studies assessing each outcome, lower likelihood of receiving appropriate surgical interventions in SNH patients was reported by 85%; longer intervals to surgery by 100%; and prolonged hospital stays by 73%. Most studies reported no differences in survival (65%) or readmission (67%). Results were mixed regarding complications and mortality. Patient characteristics and shortage of resources and interdisciplinary teams were frequently proposed factors for observed disparities.ConclusionsCancer patients at SNHs may be less likely to undergo some surgical treatments and experience longer intervals to treatment but achieve largely comparable short‐ and long‐term outcomes to non‐SNH patients.
Muskrat occurrence in Rhode Island shows little evidence of land use change driving declines
Authors: Crockett John G. , Brown Charles , Gerber Brian D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMuskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) populations have been in apparent decline across their native range in North America for decades. Several hypotheses exist for the causes of these declines, including loss of wetlands. We used time‐to‐detection data from 925 surveys from 276 sites across Rhode Island, USA, between 2021–2023 to fit an occupancy model that related the probability of muskrat occupancy at a site to land cover classification. We found that muskrat occupancy was higher in areas with more open water, urban land cover, or a second‐order or larger stream, and lower in areas with salt water. We estimated changes in wetland area throughout Rhode Island using the National Land Cover Database classifications from 2001 and 2019 and found a net loss in wetland cover of 219 ha. We calculated the distance between wetland patches in each of these periods and found that patches were closer together than the dispersal distance of muskrats, suggesting isolation is unlikely to be driving muskrat declines. Additionally, when we used our model to predict changes in muskrat occupancy between 2001 and 2019, both mean and median predicted occupancy changed by <0.005. These results indicate that muskrat declines are not driven by habitat loss, and suggest future research is needed that focuses on other hypothesized mechanisms of muskrat declines such as disease, declining habitat quality, predation, and competition.
Presentation and Optimal Management of Anterior and Central Skull Base Osteoradionecrosis: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Shah Sunny R. , Wu Arthur , Sindwani Raj , Tang Dennis 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to compare the efficacy of conservative treatment versus surgical debridement versus debridement followed by vascularized tissue coverage to provide evidence‐based guidance on the management of osteoradionecrosis of the anterior and central skull base.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library.Review MethodsSystematic review and data sources including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were accessed using PRISMA guidelines. Meta‐analysis was performed on treatment type and resolution of osteoradionecrosis.ResultsA total of 13 articles met the inclusion criteria. Patients were categorized into conservative medical treatment versus surgical treatment. Conservative treatment included patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy, antibiotics, pentoxifylline‐tocopherol‐clodronate, or a combination of the three. Eight out of 197 patients treated with conservative therapy had resolution of symptoms (4.1%) while 135 of 188 patients treated with surgical intervention had resolution of symptoms (71.8%). Of these, 104 patients (91.2%) in the vascularized tissue group experienced resolution of symptoms.ConclusionSurgery was superior to medical treatment alone in the resolution of skull base osteoradionecrosis. Vascularized surgical treatment fared significantly better when compared with both surgical debridement only and/or medical treatment. Our findings suggest that surgical treatment should be considered earlier in patients with skull base osteoradionecrosis to prevent severe or fatal sequelae.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 135:982–990, 2025
A novel treatment of solute drag and solute trapping at a solid–liquid interface during rapid solidification of multicomponent alloys
Authors: Du Qiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn response to the renewed interest in solute drag and solute trapping models fueled by their applications to additive manufacturing, a novel treatment is proposed to describe the diffusional behaviors of solute at a migrating solid–liquid interface during rapid solidification of multicomponent alloys. While the treatment is still built on irreversible thermodynamics and linear kinetic law, its novelty lies in breaking up the classical trans‐interface diffusional flux into two separate fluxes one is the transferred‐back flux with its ending point at the interface and the other is the bumping‐back flux with its starting point at the interface. This novel treatment entails three significant improvements in reference to the existing models. Firstly, it reveals that the degree of solute drag is dependent on the ratio of liquid diffusive speed over interface diffusive speed. Secondly, a novel relation between the distribution coefficient and interface velocity is derived. It amends the confusing behavior seen in Aziz’s without‐drag continuous growth model. Thirdly, the proposed treatment eliminates the need of prescribing the degree of solute drag parameter for the kinetic phase diagram calculation. The numerical solution to the proposed model is presented, and it is ready to be used for the kinetic phase diagram calculation.
Multiscale simulations of amorphous and crystalline AgSnSe2 alloy for reconfigurable nanophotonic applications
Authors: Shen Xueyang , Zhang Siyu , Jiang Yihui , Huang Tiankuo , Sun Suyang , Zhou Wen , Wang Jiangjing , Mazzarello Riccardo , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChalcogenide phase‐change materials (PCM) have been explored in novel nonvolatile memory and neuromorphic computing technologies. Upon fast crystallization process, the conventional PCM undergo a semiconductor–to–semiconductor transition. However, some PCM change from a semiconducting amorphous phase to a metallic crystalline phase with low conductivity (“bad metal”). In this work, we focus on new “bad metal” PCM, namely, AgSnSe2, and carry out multiscale simulations to evaluate its potential for reconfigurable nanophotonic devices. We study the structural features and optical properties of both crystalline and amorphous AgSnSe2 via density functional theory (DFT) calculations and DFT‐based ab initio molecular dynamic (AIMD) simulations. Then we use the calculated optical profiles as input parameters for finite difference time domain (FDTD) modeling of waveguide and metasurface devices. Our multiscale simulations predict AgSnSe2 to be a promising candidate for phase‐change photonic applications.
A broadband and high‐efficiency folded transmitarray antenna
Authors: Wu Meizi , Rao Wei , Guo Lu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA folded transmitarray antenna (FTA) with low profile, high efficiency, and broadband is proposed. The transmission unit‐cell is composed of two metallic layers of bowknot‐shaped patches printed on a single layer of dielectric substrate. By regulating bowknot‐shaped patches' dimension and mirroring elements' top and bottom layers, 360° phase swing and high transmission magnitudes are obtained. With the introduction of a reflectarray integrated with a feed horn in the middle, an FTA is designed based on ray tracing principle, leading to a profile reduced to 1/3 of the focal distance of traditional transmitarrays. According to testing results, 15.5% 1 dB gain bandwidth, 30.9% 3 dB gain bandwidth, and 42.3% peak aperture efficiency are achieved. These outstanding performances demonstrate its good potential for a wide range of high‐gain applications.
Thyroid Radiofrequency Ablation‐Thermal Effects on Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Using Continuous Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Animal Model
Authors: Huang Tzu‐Yen , Wang Shih‐Wei , Tseng Hsin‐Yi , Randolph Gregory W. , Dionigi Gianlorenzo , Lin Yi‐Chu , Chuang Cheng‐Hsun , Lu I‐Cheng , Lin Chih‐Hung , Chan Leong‐Perng , Chiang Feng‐Yu , Wu Che‐Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveWhen performing radiofrequency ablation for thyroid nodules, it is essential to avoid thermal injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve. This porcine animal model study used continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring to investigate the thermal safety parameters of thyroid radiofrequency ablation.Study DesignPorcine animal study.SettingUniversity animal laboratory.MethodsTwelve piglets were tested at different radiofrequency power levels, and the real‐time electromyography signal changes were recorded under continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring. The spread heat study (8 piglets) included spontaneous recovery tests and cold water irrigation tests to investigate the safety distance from the recurrent laryngeal nerve to the active tip during 5‐second activation with standard stimulation patterns. The residual heat study (4 piglets) investigated the safety cooling durations by touching the recurrent laryngeal nerve with the tip after a 5‐second activation.ResultsIn the spread heat study, substantial signal attenuation events were observed at an spread heat distance of 2, 3, 5, and 5 mm when the power was set as 10, 20, 30, and 50 W, respectively. No signal recovery could be observed in 20 minutes with or without cold water irrigation in the injured recurrent laryngeal nerve area. The residual heat study shows the residual thermal effect of the tip is minimal, and no substantial signal attenuation event was observed at all experiments.ConclusionsThis innovative study established the thermal safety parameters for radiofrequency ablation in a porcine model at various power levels, which can potentially assist operators in delineating a precise ablation field and providing effective thyroid ablation treatment safely.
Synthesis of Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) Nanoparticles Decorated With Polymeric Carbon (Al2O3/AC) Nanocomposites for High Specific Capacitance Value
Authors: Sachin S. , Saravanan P. , Sundaram S. John , Thangappan R. , Raj A. Dhayal , Kumar Jothi Vinoth , Mythili R. , Devanesan Sandhanasamy 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAluminum oxide nanoparticles/activated carbon (Al2O3NPs/AC) nanocomposite were synthesized using an optimized sol–gel synthesis method. Various characterization techniques, including x‐ray, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV–visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, were employed electrochemical properties of the prepared samples. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed higher crystal plane intensities in Al2O3NPs compared to Al2O3/AC nanocomposites. The average crystallite size was determined to be 32 nm for Al2O3 NPs and 20 nm for Al2O3/AC nanocomposites. FE‐SEM showcased the agglomeration of Al2O3 NPs, while the composite exhibited agglomerated Al2O3 NPs embedded in Al2O3/AC nanocomposites. It was found that the band gaps of Al2O3/AC nanocomposite and Al2O3 NPs were 5.5 and 5.6 eV, respectively. Electrochemical analysis through cyclic voltammetry demonstrated that the specific capacitance of Al2O3/AC nanocomposites was six times higher than Al2O3 NPs. This comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the enhanced electrochemical performance of the Al2O3/AC nanocomposites, suggesting its potential application in energy storage devices.
Green polymer‐based materials as promising therapeutical agents for non‐communicable diseases
Authors: Cháirez‐Ramírez Manuel Humberto , Díaz‐Rivas Jesus Omar , Contreras‐Ramírez Javier Isaac , González‐Laredo Ruben Francisco , Gallegos‐Infante José Alberto 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolymers play a significant role in the modern world and have broad applications, particularly in medicine and pharmacology. However, polymer debris represents a significant environmental threat. Therefore, new materials with exceptional performance and environmental safety are needed. The circular economy has led to the development of ‘green polymers’ with enhanced renewability, biodegradability and compostability and properties similar to those of conventional polymers but with a significantly reduced carbon footprint. Green polymers have been extensively utilized in formulating diverse materials for medical purposes. Using green polymers for medical and pharmaceutical applications may improve outcomes for non‐communicable diseases by providing safer and more effective drug delivery systems, reducing side effects with improved biocompatibility and enhancing targeted disease treatments. Green polymer‐based materials can be engineered in various applications, making them particularly beneficial in managing chronic conditions like cancer, diabetes or cardiovascular diseases, where reliable and long‐term treatments are vital. Therefore, this review highlights the importance of a comprehensive understanding of green polymers as novel material sources for improving the treatment and control of non‐communicable diseases. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The influence of the NRG1/ERBB4 signaling pathway on pulmonary artery endothelial cells
Authors: Huang Jin‐Bo , Shen Qin , Wang Zhi‐Qi , Ni Song‐Shi , Sun Fei , Hua Yun , Huang Jian‐An 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the influence of the Neuregulin‐1 (NRG1)/ERBB4 signaling pathway on the function of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay indicated that ERBB4 levels in the serum of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) were significantly higher than those of healthy controls (p < 0.05). In cellular studies, thrombin stimulation for 6 h led to a significant decrease in cell viability and overexpression of ERBB4 compared to control (p < 0.05). In the NRG1 group, apoptosis of HPAECs was reduced (p < 0.05), accompanied by a decrease in ERBB4 expression and an increase in p‐ERBB4, phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase proteins (Akt) (p‐Akt), and p‐phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K) expression (p < 0.05). In the AG1478 group, there was a significant increase in HPAEC apoptosis and a significant decrease in p‐ERBB4 and ERBB4 expression compared to the Con group (p < 0.05). In the AG1478 + NRG1 group, there was an increase in the apoptosis rate and a significant decrease in the expression of p‐ERBB4, ERBB4, p‐Akt, and phosphorylated PI3K compared to the NRG1 group (p < 0.05). In animal studies, the PE group showed an increase in the expression of ERBB4 and p‐ERBB4 compared to the Con group (p < 0.05). NRG1 treatment led to a significant reduction in embolism severity with decreased ERBB4 expression and increased p‐ERBB4 expression (p < 0.05). Gene set enrichment analysis identified five pathways that were significantly associated with high ERBB4 expression, including CHOLESTEROL HOMEOSTASIS, OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION, and FATTY ACID METABOLISM (p < 0.05). Therefore, NRG1 inhibits apoptosis of HPAECs, accompanied by a decrease in ERBB4 and an increase in p‐ERBB4. NRG1 inhibition in HPAECs apoptosis can be partially reversed by inhibiting ERBB4 expression with AG1478. ERBB4 has the potential to be a novel biological marker of PE.
Investigating the Role of Anions in the Adsorption of Pyrrolidinium Based Ionic Liquids on Pt(111) Surface Using Density Functional Theory
Authors: Sarkar Arka Prava 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe adsorption properties of ionic liquids containing pyrrolidinium cations and various inorganic anions as electrolytes on a platinum surface were analyzed using first principle density functional theory. Three different orientations of the alkyl cation chain were observed during the adsorption process. The strength and structural stability varied between non‐fluorinated and fluorinated anions upon adsorption, with oxygen atoms influencing the mechanism of adsorption and driving the structural stability of the anion, while fluorine atoms played a role in determining the orientation of the cation during adsorption. Net atomic charges analysis, electron density difference methods, and electron density accumulation for this complex system were utilized to further investigate these phenomena. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the role of anions in the adsorption behavior of pyrrolidinium‐based ionic liquids on platinum surfaces, shedding light on the factors that influence their adsorption properties and structural stability on a molecular level. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the interplay between anions and platinum surfaces in the adsorption of pyrrolidinium based ionic liquids, which can have implications for various applications such as electrochemistry, catalysis, and energy storage.
Utilizing Photovoltaic Solar Panels for Real‐Time Localization and Speed Detection of Approaching Illuminated Objects in Humanoid Robots
Authors: Ali Amir R. , Mubarak Abdelhameed 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn the field of humanoid robotics, this paper showcases a promising method of integrating the photovoltaic (PV) solar panels into the “GUCnoid 1.0” humanoid robot model. Instead of the conventional power generation, solar cells are used to supply electrical energy to various sensors to create a system capable of real‐time sensing and perception. The main focus of the study will be the use of PV panels as receptors that are capable of detecting the light, enabling an adaptive system which perceives environmental changes. The behavior of the PV cell is superbly studied when various light sources are approached or depart. They finally reveal unique patterns in the voltage output signal amplitude. Interestingly, these patterns figure out the same symmetric structure, which reflects on a vertical axis by their mirroring. Using this simplicity, the method involves using an artificial neural network that is able to distinguish the light sources coming towards the detector and the ones running away and the rate at which they approach/recede. Outdoor experiment was organized for verification of methods. GUCnoid 1.0— humanoid robot was placed in front of a moving vehicle with different speeds of approach. To be able to identify the vehicle's position and velocity, a PV sensing technique has to be applied. This innovative technology will have wide applications, with much attention paid to improving the speed of finding nearby objects or vehicles in the scenarios where quick detection is a serious life safety issue. Through the process of PV solar panels' smart sensing, we directly connect the areas of high‐tech robotics and renewable energy. This discovery creates an opportunity for companies to build more responsive and flexible humanoid robots that can effectively collaborate with humans to achieve greater outcomes through more secure and efficient interactions between humans and robots.
Calibration of TEROS 10 and TEROS 12 electromagnetic soil moisture sensors
Authors: Cominelli Sofia , Rivera Leonardo D. , Brown William G. , Ochsner Tyson E. , Patrignani Andres 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe TEROS 10 and TEROS 12 are widely used capacitance‐based sensors for measuring volumetric water content (), but few systematic studies of the measurement volume and accuracy of these sensors have been published. The objectives of this study were to (1) calibrate and validate these sensors in mineral soils, (2) determine the sensing volume of each sensor, and (3) evaluate the temperature sensitivity of the sensors. Both sensors were calibrated in the laboratory using columns of packed soil at multiple moisture levels from air‐dry to near saturation. Sensors were validated using additional laboratory and field measurements. The sensing volume was determined by quantifying the response of raw sensor outputs while increasing the level of oven‐dry sand, moist sand (0.100 cm3 cm−3), or water around the sensor in the radial and axial directions. Temperature sensitivity was tested in controlled conditions over a range of temperatures from 2°C to 40°C using encapsulated sensors in packed soil columns at constant . Linear calibration models resulted in mean absolute error ≤0.030 cm3 cm−3 for both sensors during laboratory and field validations. In moist sand, the sensing volume contributing 95% of the maximum sensor response was 439 cm3 for the TEROS 10 and 423 cm3 for the TEROS 12. Both sensors exhibited changes in of ≤0.02 cm3 cm−3 when subjected to a temperature change from 2°C to 40°C. For the soils considered here, both sensors demonstrated accuracy that is likely sufficient for a variety of agricultural and hydrological applications.
MCM‐41 Supported Anthracene Based Cu(II)‐Schiff Base Complex: A Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of 4H‐Pyrans/Chromene
Authors: Singh Reetika , Malik Arti , Singh Udai P. , Kashyap Sujata 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe anthracene‐appended Schiff base N1‐(anthracene‐9‐methylene)benzene‐1,2‐diamine and its Cu(II) complex has been synthesized and anchored on MCM‐41 support (MCM@CP@AnL@Cu 1). The synthesized catalyst was characterized by various analytical techniques including single crystal X‐ray. Malononitrile, 1,3‐dione, and aromatic aldehydes with various substituents were used in one‐pot, three‐component synthesis of 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4H‐pyran/chromene derivatives using above catalyst 1. All the products of the catalytic reaction were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectra. We have also proposed a probable reaction mechanism involved in the catalytic reaction. The present catalyst has several advantages like works in mild reaction conditions, that is, at 80 °C, gives higher yields up to 97%, has thermal stability up to 295 °C, and can be reused up to 5 cycles. The immobilized material did not show any considerable leaching or deterioration throughout the catalytic reactions, confirming that it possesses a practical benefit over homogeneous catalysis. The MCM@CP@AnL@Cu (1) is believed to be a good solid heterogeneous catalyst and meets the need of green chemistry for sustainable environment. To the best of our knowledge, this is first example of anthracene‐based Cu (II)‐Schiff base complexes immobilized on modified MCM‐41 surfaces for the multicomponent synthesis of 4H‐pyrans.