bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial Pattern and Coupling Analysis of County Traffic Superiority and New Urbanization Levels: A Case Study of 88 Counties in Guizhou Province
Authors: Yao YAO , yang yuanyuan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The overall level of transportation infrastructure and the level of new urbanization are two coupled systems that complement each other. The balanced development of a region benefits from the efficient synergy of these two systems. Using methods such as the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve, spatial autocorrelation and hotspot analysis, and models for evaluating traffic superiority and new urbanization levels, we analyzed the balance and spatial distribution characteristics of these two developments and their coupling coordination levels in 88 counties of Guizhou Province in 2020. The results indicate that the levels of traffic superiority and new urbanization are not high. Traffic superiority shows a "multi-core" ring differentiation, radiating outward from the advanced road nodes located in Guiyang, Zunyi, and Southeast Guizhou. The new urbanization level presents a "dual-core" spatial differentiation with the urban area of Guiyang as the main core, and the main urban area of Zunyi and Renhuai as the secondary cores. The overall balance of traffic superiority is better than that of new urbanization levels, but the balance of traffic superiority in type II areas is relatively low. The coupling coordination degree between traffic superiority and new urbanization levels in Guizhou Province is generally low. About 80.68% of the counties are in the periods of extreme incoordination and basic coordination, while the counties in the high coordination period are mainly concentrated in the economically better-off municipal (prefectural) seats and surrounding counties. In-depth exploration of the coupling coordination relationship between regional traffic superiority and new urbanization levels provides important insights for leveraging transportation support to promote rapid and balanced regional new urbanization development.
Activation of central cannabinoid type 2 receptors, but not on peripheral immune cells, is required for endocannabinoid-mediated neuroprotection in Parkinson´s disease
Authors: Ayerra Leyre , Abellanas Miguel Angel , Vidaurre Clara , Basurco Leyre , Tavira Adriana , Luquin Esther , Clavero Pedro , Mengual Elisa , Collantes Maria , Peñuelas Ivan , de Martin-Esteban Samuel Ruiz , Grether Uwe , Hillard Cecilia J , Romero Julian , Hervás-Stubbs Sandra , Aymerich Maria S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Neuroinflammation is a key feature of Parkinson´s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease for which there is no cure. The cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2R) is expressed by cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase increases the levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), which is neuroprotective in an experimental model of PD. We hypothesize that the beneficial effect of MAGL inhibition with JZL184 is mediated by the activation of CB2R on specific immune cell populations.
Methods
Experimental parkinsonism was induced by chronic administration of MPTP and probenecid for 5 weeks in wild-type (WT), CB2R transgenic and knockout (KO) mice. Motor behavior and histological techniques were used to determine the status of the nigrostriatal pathway. Myeloid and lymphoid subpopulations and their TNFα+ production were analyzed by low cytometry in the striatum and ventral midbrain. To distinguish whether a central or peripheral CB2R activation is required for neuroprotection, mice were treated with the CB2R agonists JWH133 and RO304. In addition, WT mice were irradiated and transplanted with CB2R KO hematopoietic stem cells to generate chimeric animals lacking CB2R in the peripheral immune system. Finally, we analyzed the transcriptomic profile of the endocannabinoid system in midbrain microglia and astrocytes from PD patients.
Results
Parkinsonian mice experimented a specific increase in CD4+ T cell infiltration in the midbrain. The neuroprotective effect of JZL184 was accompanied by a reduction in CD4+ T cell infiltration, these effects were abolished in CB2R KO mice. CB2R expression was restricted to myeloid cells and lymphocytes, and increased in microglia under parkinsonian conditions. Administration of JWH133, but not RO304, exerted a neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effect similar to that of JZL184. Using chimeric mice, we demonstrated that central CB2R activation is required for neuroprotection. Transcripts related to 2-AG biosynthesis are downregulated in the midbrain microglia from PD patients.
Conclusions
Activation of CB2R in the brain prevents nigrostriatal degeneration, CD4+ T cell infiltration and TNFα production in the midbrain of parkinsonian mice. The reduced 2-AG signaling in microglia from PD patients suggests that activation of microglial CB2R may be an interesting strategy for the treatment of PD.
Clinical prognosis analysis of 54 pediatric patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: qi hai-xiao , kuai wen-xia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a rare and highly malignant neoplastic disease in children. Studying of its prognostic factors and clinical characteristics will bring certain reference value to clinical practice.
Procedure: The clinical data of 54 children with T-ALL admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used for analysis.
Results: The median survival time of the 54 children was 43.5 months. The complete remission rate after two courses was 90.74%, and the 3-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates were 81.48% and 77.78%, respectively. Ten(18.51%) of the 54 cases died, with six (11.11%) of them succumbing to recurrence. Univariate analysis revealed that age, gender, the initial count of white blood cells, remission status of day 19(D19) and day 35(D35), newly diagnosed lactate dehydrogenase levels, presence of a mediastinal mass, spleen infiltration, and adequacy of asparaginase treatment were statistically significant factors affecting the 3-year overall survival(OS) rate (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that age (P=0.004), D35 bone marrow remission (P<0.001), D35 MRD (P<0.001), and LDH (P=0.019) were independent risk factors influencing the 3-year os.
Conclusion: The overall efficacy of SCMC-ALL-2015(Shanghai Children's Medical Center-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-2015) on pediatric T-ALL is good, and the death of a small number of children is mainly due to disease recurrence. Lactate dehydrogenase levels at the initial diagnosis, age, and remission status of D35 are independent risk factors.
Shock-induced perioperative complications in Gitelman syndrome: a case study and review of the literature
Authors: Peng Weijie , Zhang Xin , Qian Yiming , Gu Ruibin , Xie Siyuan , Yu Tianhe , Jie Ligang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypokalaemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria. Little research has been done on the association between GS and hemodynamic abnormalities. In the present case report, a 58-year-old female patient developed refractory vasodilatory shock after undergoing lumbar spine surgery and died after resuscitation, which was considered to be related to hemodynamic instability complicated by GS.
Odor exposure causes long-lasting effects on resting-state networks in the human brain
Authors: Kupers Ron , Dousteyssier Océane , Delforge Jérôme , Gonnot Vanessa , Kantono Kevin , Blerot Bernard , de Broqueville Quentin , Pêtre Arnaud , Dricot Laurence , Heinecke Armin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Most brain imaging studies on olfaction focus on short-term odorant stimuli, with few examining long-lasting odor exposure or its after-effects. This study utilized resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) to investigate the effects of prolonged odorant exposure on brain activity and whether these effects persist post-exposure. Fourteen healthy females underwent two fMRI sessions on different days in a randomized order. Each session included rsfMRI scans before, during, and up to two hours after a 14-minute exposure to either lavender essential oil or a non-odorant control. Independent Component Analysis identified the salience network (SN) and default mode network (DMN) as the most consistent resting-state networks. A two-factorial ANOVA revealed significant time-varying interaction effects between SN and DMN. During odor exposure, functional connectivity (FC) within the SN increased, and a negative correlation with the DMN appeared, which intensified immediately after exposure. Two hours post-exposure, the FC between SN and DMN turned positive. These findings demonstrate that prolonged odorant exposure induces long-lasting brain effects detectable up to two hours afterward, suggesting new possibilities for exploring aromatherapy or odor exposure interventions on brain activity.
Exploration of health information needs of persons affected by complex cancers and evaluation of co-designed video-assisted health education.
Authors: Coyne Elisabeth , Winter Natalie , Carlini Joan , Robertson Julia , Halkett Georgia , Dieperink Karin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose Persons with cancer and their families are given a range of complex information (written and verbal) to assist them in managing treatment and side effects at home. This study explored the health information needs of patients and family members and investigated whether video-assisted health education improved understanding of information for persons with complex cancers. Method A co-design framework with health consumers and clinicians was used to identify concepts and create videos. Qualitative interviews and thematic analysis of participant demographics explored the health information needs and acceptability of the videos. Persons affected by brain, head and neck and gastrointestinal cancer were included. Results Eleven interviews were conducted with patients and family members, aged between 39 to 82 years. The health literacy levels reported by participants highlighted the need for help with medical information and forms. Four themes were developed: sorting through information, acceptability of videos, balance of caring, and information presentation. Conclusion Information provided in different formats and tailored to meet the individuals’ health literacy levels can reinforce key points from the health professionals and improve health outcomes. Video-assisted health education improves the patients’ and families’ understanding of information and ability to make informed decisions regarding their cancer treatment and self-care at home. Digital resources may provide a way to improve the understanding of health information, although digital literacy levels influence access, but this requires further investigation.
Construction and Validation of a Combined Anoikis and Autophagy Prognostic Signature for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Zengjun , wang hao , cui kai , he mingang , gao yang , ren bingbing , yan changsheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Given the poor prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is crucial to investigate possible new biomarkers to aid in prognostication and customised treatment. Accordingly, we analysed differentially expressed anoikis- and autophagy-related genes (DE-AARGs) associated with poor outcomes in actual cases of HCC. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed based on mRNA expression patterns and clinicopathological information found in the Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) database. Further validation of TCGA results was performed using the International Cancer Genome Consortium database. AARGs signatures were constructed by applying Univariate COX regression and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator method. We identified 13 AARGs, of which 9 showed significant associations with overall survival. Three AARGs (BIRC5, MAPK3, and BAK1) were selected to establish an AARGs signature. We assessed the prognostic capacity of the AARGs signature through various statistical methods. The molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon were further studied using Gene Set Enrichment Analyses (GSEA). The prognostic ability of the signature was also examined in terms of clinical characteristics, immune landscape, immune checkpoint-blocking response, stemness, and chemotherapy response. Immunohistochemical staining was used to compare the protein expression levels of AARGs between normal liver tissue and HCC tissues. The high-risk group had higher tumour staging, shorter survival time, and worse prognosis than the low-risk group. In addition, high-risk patients showed inhibition of anoikis, a high autophagy index, and a suppressed immune system. The nomogram showed a strong prognostic capability for predicting overall survival in patients with HCC. With this study, a new AARGs-based signature has been developed to reliably predict patient prognosis for HCC.
T-Cell Exhaustion-Related Gene Signatures Predict Clinical Outcomes and Immunotherapy Response in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zou Chengyu , Huang Jiawen , Rao Zehui , Zhang Yida 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

T-cell exhaustion (TEX) is a crucial immune escape mechanism and a pathway of resistance in cellular immunotherapy, yet its prognostic role in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) remains unclear. This study analyzed 518 KIRC patients from the TCGA dataset, identifying TEX-related genes through Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). Using survival random forest and LASSO-Cox analyses, eight differentially expressed genes (RUFY4, NOD2, IL15RA, CXCL13, GBP5, DERL3, SPIB, and SLCO5A1) were selected to construct a TEX risk model. Functional analyses, including GO, KEGG, GSEA, CIBERSORT, and ssGSEA, explored the relationship between TEX risk scores and signaling pathways and immune cell infiltration. The IMvigor210 dataset evaluated the correlation between TEX risk scores and immunotherapy response, while single-cell data analysis and qRT-PCR validated the expression of a key TEX gene. The TEX risk model demonstrated accurate prognostic prediction for KIRC patients, serving as a new independent prognostic factor. GSEA results highlighted the enrichment of tumor proliferation, migration, and immunity functions within the model. TEX features were associated with immune cell infiltration and specific immune checkpoints, effectively predicting clinical responses to immunotherapy. Thus, TEX signatures are pivotal in clinical decision-making for KIRC, helping to distinguish patients and guide treatment strategies for maximum benefit.
Effects of different anesthesia methods on patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: He Xue , Li Lin , Luo Yonggang , Liu Min 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

To compare the effect of different surgical methods on the prognosis of patients with colon cancer. 360 patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer werei ncluded. Patients' general information, hospital moriality and surgical complications were recorded. The immunological indexes and inflammatory factor levels of patients were dynamically recorded before surgery, and at the first, third and fifth days after surgery. Compared with groups A and C, the intraoperative dosage of propofol, remifentanil and cisatracurium in group B was lower (p < 0.05), the number of vasoactive drug users and the incidence of postoperative chills were lower (p&lt; 0.05), the probability of vomiting was lower in group B and group C; The cell counts of CD3 + T, CD4 + T, CD4/CD8 and NK in group B were higher than those in group A and C on day 1 and day 3 after surgery (p < 0.05), the CD3 + T, CD4 + T and NK cell counts of group C were higher than those of group A on the first and third days after surgery, while the IL-6, CRP, WBC and IFN-a counts of group B and C were lower than those of group A. Groups B and C had lower postoperative pain scores, lower use of postoperative analgesics, and shorter hospital times. General anesthesia combined epidural block can reduce postoperative immunosuppression and inflammatory response in patients with rectal cancer, and reduce intraoperative anesthetic drug dosage and adverse anesthesia reactions.
Effectiveness of a delegated primary care model in rural areas: design and methodology of a longitudinal observational study
Authors: Bräuer Julia , Lörzing Romina , Nagel Eckhard , Emmert Martin , Hofmann Reiner 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: The shortage of general practitioners (GPs) in Germany, particularly in rural areas, is a pressing issue that requires innovative and sustainable solutions. One promising approach is the integration of trained medical assistants to support GPs by handling specific tasks, thus enhancing the efficiency of healthcare delivery. Delegated home visits can be carried out by healthcare professionals (HPs) with a well-defined range of tasks.
Methods: This quasi-experimental, non-randomised longitudinal observational study runs from January 2023 to June 2025. The study participants are patients cared for by participating GPs, selected based on defined inclusion criteria, who receive regularly delegated home visits. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and satisfaction is assessed at three data collection points (t0 as baseline before starting the intervention, t1 after the first testing and data collection phase, and t2 after the second data collection phase). For assessing the HRQoL, we use the Short-Form-Health Survey (SF-12), and satisfaction is being measured using the patient satisfaction questionnaire ZUF-8. These parameters, as well as the continuously collected parameters (kilometers driven, travel and setup time), are analysed statistically (descriptive statistics, paired t test, Wilcoxon test, ANOVA). At t1 and t2, focus group interviews are conducted with the assistants on their satisfaction. They allow to identify the potential for concept improvement by qualitative content analysis.
Discussion: The "VERSORGT am ORT" (VaO, engl. “PROVIDED on SITE”) project aims to optimise healthcare by using scarce resources in a more efficient way, maintaining patient-professional trust, and extending delegation. It seeks to implement care plans with minimal location changes and generate real-world evidence. Due to geographical and policy limitations, the study will have comparatively few participants and will use a repeated measures design instead of a control group to assess patient HRQoL and satisfaction over time. Changes in HRQoL cannot be directly linked to the new care model due to unclear causalities. Mergenthal et al. reported that 59 % of GPs in rural areas delegate home visits to healthcare professionals, saving time. The VaO project aims to further relieve GPs, increasing efficiency without compromising care quality.
Trial registration: DRKS00033915 – Registration Date 19/03/2024
Urinary Biomarkers for Disease Detection
Authors: Matov Alexandre 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The current healthcare system relies largely on a passive approach toward disease detection, which typically involves patients presenting a “chief complaint” linked to a particular set of symptoms for diagnosis. Since all degenerative diseases occur slowly and initiate as changes in the regulation of individual cells within our organs and tissues, it is inevitable that with the current approach to medical care we are bound to discover some illnesses at a point in time when the damage is irreversible and meaningful treatments are no longer available. There exist organ-specific sets (or panels) of nucleic acids, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate and help to ensure the proper function of each of our organs and tissues. Thus, dynamic readout of their relative abundance can serve as a means to facilitate real-time health monitoring. With the advent and mass utilization of next-generation sequencing (NGS), such a proactive approach is currently feasible. Because of the computational complexity of customized analyses of “big data”, dedicated efforts to extract reliable information from longitudinal datasets is key to successful early detection of disease. Here, we present our preliminary results for the analysis of healthy donor samples and drug-naïve lung cancer patients.
Learning curve for double-port video-assisted thoracoscopic lung segmentectomy: a propensity score matching study
Authors: Yan Bixin , Yao Xiao , Zhao Zhihong , Sun Tianhao , Zhao Yiming , Zou Wenbiao , Wu Duofu , Chang Hao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective To determine the learning curve for double-port video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) lung segmentectomy performed by the same surgical team in our center.
Methods We retrospectively collected clinical data from 193 patients who underwent double-port video-assisted thoracoscopic lung segmentectomy from March 2017 to March 2023. The operative time (OT) was analyzed using the cumulative sum (CUSUM) method, and two stages of the learning curve were obtained. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed for age, sex, underlying disease, and single-segment resection via radius matching. The OT, estimated amount of intraoperative blood loss, and other complications were analyzed.
Results We generated a graph of the CUSUM of the OT and found that the learning curve could be differentiated into two stages: the learning stage (1st to 95th surgery) and the proficiency stage (96th to 193rd surgery). Before PSM, there were significant differences in the OT, number of staples used, extent of lymph node station cleaning, amount of drainage on the day of surgery, amount of drainage on the first postoperative day, estimated amount of intraoperative blood loss, and length of hospital stay after surgery. There were no significant differences in the average amount of drainage 3 days after surgery, postoperative tube time, or number of intraoperative revolutions. However, after PSM, there were significant differences in the OT, number of staplers used, number of lymph node stations removed, amount of drainage on the day of surgery, and amount of drainage on the first postoperative day. There were no significant differences in the estimated amount of intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay after surgery, average amount of drainage for 3 days after surgery, postoperative tube time, or number of intraoperative revolutions.
Conclusion In our center, the learning curve for double-port video-assisted thoracoscopic lung segmentectomy transitions from the learning stage to the proficiency stage when the number of surgical cases reaches 95. There were significant differences in the OT, number of staplers used, number of lymph node stations removed, amount of drainage on the day of surgery, and amount of drainage on the first postoperative day.