bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning models for predicting risks of MACEs for myocardial infarction patients with different VEGFR2 genotypes
Authors: Kirdeev Alexander , Burkin Konstantin , Vorobev Anton , Zbirovskaya Elena , Lifshits Galina , Nikolaev Konstantin , Zelenskaya Elena , Donnikov Maxim , Kovalenko Lyudmila , Urvantseva Irina , Poptsova Maria 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe development of prognostic models for the identification of high-risk myocardial infarction (MI) patients is a crucial step toward personalized medicine. Genetic factors are known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases; however, little is known about whether they can be used to predict major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) for MI patients. This study aimed to build a machine learning (ML) model to predict MACEs in MI patients based on clinical, imaging, laboratory, and genetic features and to assess the influence of genetics on the prognostic power of the model.MethodsWe analyzed the data from 218 MI patients admitted to the emergency department at the Surgut District Center for Diagnostics and Cardiovascular Surgery, Russia. Upon admission, standard clinical measurements and imaging data were collected for each patient. Additionally, patients were genotyped for VEGFR-2 variation rs2305948 (C/C, C/T, T/T genotypes with T being the minor risk allele). The study included a 9-year follow-up period during which major ischemic events were recorded. We trained and evaluated various ML models, including Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and AutoML. For feature importance analysis, we applied the sequential feature selection (SFS) and Shapley’s scheme of additive explanation (SHAP) methods.ResultsThe CatBoost algorithm, with features selected using the SFS method, showed the best performance on the test cohort, achieving a ROC AUC of 0.813. Feature importance analysis identified the dose of statins as the most important factor, with the VEGFR-2 genotype among the top 5. The other important features are coronary artery lesions (coronary artery stenoses ≥70%), left ventricular (LV) parameters such as lateral LV wall and LV mass, diabetes, type of revascularization (CABG or PCI), and age. We also showed that contributions are additive and that high risk can be determined by cumulative negative effects from different prognostic factors.ConclusionOur ML-based approach demonstrated that the VEGFR-2 genotype is associated with an increased risk of MACEs in MI patients. However, the risk can be significantly reduced by high-dose statins and positive factors such as the absence of coronary artery lesions, absence of diabetes, and younger age.
SR9883 is a novel small-molecule enhancer of α4β2* nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling that decreases intravenous nicotine self-administration in rats
Authors: Braunscheidel Kevin M. , Voren George , Fowler Christie D. , Lu Qun , Kuryatov Alexander , Cameron Michael D. , Ibañez-Tallon Ines , Lindstrom Jon M. , Kamenecka Theodore M. , Kenny Paul J. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundMost smokers attempting to quit will quickly relapse to tobacco use even when treated with the most efficacious smoking cessation agents currently available. This highlights the need to develop effective new smoking cessation medications. Evidence suggests that positive allosteric modulators (PAM) and other enhancers of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) signaling could have therapeutic utility as smoking cessation agents.Methods3-[3-(3-pyridyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl]benzonitrile (NS9283) was used as a starting point for medical chemistry efforts to develop novel small molecule enhancers of α4β2* nAChR stoichiometries containing a low-affinity agonist binding site at the interface of α4/α4 and α4/α5 subunits.ResultsThe NS9283 derivative SR9883 enhanced the effect of nicotine on α4β2* nAChR stoichiometries containing low-affinity agonist binding sites, with EC50 values from 0.2–0.4 μM. SR9883 had no effect on α3β2* or α3β4* nAChRs. SR9883 was bioavailable after intravenous (1 mg kg−1) and oral (10–20 mg kg−1) administration and penetrated into the brain. When administered alone, SR9883 (5–10 mg kg−1) had no effect on locomotor activity or intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) thresholds in mice. When co-administered with nicotine, SR9883 enhanced locomotor suppression and elevations of ICSS thresholds induced by nicotine. SR9883 (5 and 10 mg kg−1) decreased responding for intravenous nicotine infusions (0.03 mg kg−1 per infusion) but had no effect on responding for food rewards in rats.ConclusionsThese data suggest that SR9883 is useful for investigating behavioral processes regulated by certain α4β2* nAChR stoichiometries. SR9883 and related compounds with favorable drug-like physiochemical and pharmacological properties hold promise as novel treatments of tobacco use disorder.
Prediction of lymphovascular invasion of gastric cancer based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography radiomics
Authors: Zhen Si-Yu , Wei Yong , Song Ran , Liu Xiao-Huan , Li Pei-Ru , Kong Xiang-Yan , Wei Han-Yu , Fan Wen-Hua , Liang Chang-Hua 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundLymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a significant risk factor for lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer (GC) and is closely related to the prognosis and recurrence of GC. This study aimed to establish clinical models, radiomics models and combination models for the diagnosis of GC vascular invasion.MethodsThis study enrolled 146 patients with GC proved by pathology and who underwent radical resection of GC. The patients were assigned to the training and validation cohorts. A total of 1,702 radiomic features were extracted from contrast-enhanced computed tomography images of GC. Logistic regression analyses were performed to establish a clinical model, a radiomics model and a combined model. The performance of the predictive models was measured by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsIn the training cohort, the age of LVI negative (−) patients and LVI positive (+) patients were 62.41 ± 8.41 and 63.76 ± 10.08 years, respectively, and there were more male (n = 63) than female (n = 19) patients in the LVI (+) group. Diameter and differentiation were the independent risk factors for determining LVI (−) and (+). A combined model was found to be relatively highly discriminative based on the area under the ROC curve for both the training (0.853, 95% CI: 0.784–0.920, sensitivity: 0.650 and specificity: 0.907) and the validation cohorts (0.742, 95% CI: 0.559–0.925, sensitivity: 0.736 and specificity: 0.700).ConclusionsThe combined model had the highest diagnostic effectiveness, and the nomogram established by this model had good performance. It can provide a reliable prediction method for individual treatment of LVI in GC before surgery.
A nomogram for predicting neonatal apnea: a retrospective analysis based on the MIMIC database
Authors: Huang Huisi , Shi Yanhong , Hong Yinghui , Zhu Lizhen , Li Mengyao , Zhang Yue 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe objective of this study is to develop a model based on indicators in the routine examination of neonates to effectively predict neonatal apnea.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed 8024 newborns from the MIMIC IV database, building logistic regression models and decision tree models. The performance of the model is examined by decision curves, calibration curves and ROC curves. Variables were screened by stepwise logistic regression analysis and LASSO regression.ResultsA total of 7 indicators were ultimately included in the model: gestational age, birth weight, ethnicity, gender, monocytes, lymphocytes and acetaminophen. The mean AUC (the area under the ROC curve) of the 5-fold cross-validation of the logistic regression model in the training set and the AUC in the validation set are 0.879 and 0.865, respectively. The mean AUC (the area under the ROC curve) of the 5-fold cross-validation of the decision tree model in the training set and the AUC in the validation set are 0.861 and 0.850, respectively. The calibration and decision curves in the two cohorts also demonstrated satisfactory predictive performance of the model. However, the logistic regression model performs relatively well.DiscussionOur results proved that blood indicators were valuable and effective predictors of neonatal apnea, which could provide effective predictive information for medical staff.
A simple two-stage carrier-phase estimation algorithm for 32-QAM coherent optical communication systems
Authors: Peng Min , Wang Xiangqing , Yang Xiaokun , Wang Dongfei 
Published: September 2024

The combination of high-order modulation formats and linewidth-tolerant carrier phase estimation (CPE) can effectively improve spectrum efficiency and relax the limitation of laser linewidth. This paper presents a simple two-stage CPE algorithm for polarization-multiplexed (PM) 32-quadrature amplitude modulation (32-QAM) coherent optical communication systems. The algorithm uses an enhanced QPSK partitioning algorithm combined with a simplified 4th power CPE method for coarse estimation in the initial stage and maximum likelihood (ML) detection in the subsequent fine stage. The CPE algorithm significantly increases the number of symbols used in the first stage of coarse estimation. This results in a significant increase in the stability and reliability of the phase estimation, and the CPE algorithm significantly reduces the computational complexity. The optimal parameters, phase estimation performance, and system performance of the algorithm were investigated by building a 22 Gbaud PM 32-QAM coherent system simulation platform and a 5 Gbaud PM 32-QAM coherent system experimental platform. The results show that the proposed two-stage CPE algorithm has a stronger linewidth tolerance difference than the conventional QPSK, and the two-stage CPE algorithm with an optimal block length of 105 performs comparable to blind phase search (BPS). The optical signal noise Ratio (OSNR) value is 21.2 dB and the bit error rate (BER) is 1.8 × 10−3 for the optimal block length of 105. The receiving-end DSP unit with a flexible scheme and good communication performance will have potential applications in adaptive elastic optical networks.
A qualitative investigation on career barriers and career preparation behaviors of third culture kids in south Korean colleges
Authors: Shin Kahyen , Ra Young-An 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe purpose of this study is to explore career experiences of South Korean Third Culture Kids (TCKs) and to examine their career barriers and career preparation behaviors.MethodsFor these aims, eight South Korean TCKs were interviewed and Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) was used to analyze the interview data.ResultsAs results, two domains, career barriers and career preparation behaviors were developed. For career barriers and career preparation behaviors of TCKs, five each core ideas were reported.DiscussionAt the end of the study, we offered discussions and implications for higher education professionals and career counselors. The findings of the present study will contribute to the career development of TCK populations.
Gibberellins Play an Essential Role in the Bud Growth of Petunia hybrida
Authors: Deng Jichu , Deng Xinyi , Yao Huanyu , Ji Shunhua , Dong Lili 
Published: September 2024

This study delves into the role of gibberellin (GA) in governing plant branch development, a process that remains incompletely understood. Through a combination of exogenous hormone treatment, gene expression analysis, and transgenic phenotype investigations, the impact of GA on petunia’s branch development was explored. The results showed that GA3 alone did not directly induce axillary bud germination. However, paclobutrazol (PAC), an inhibitor of GA synthesis, effectively inhibited bud growth. Interestingly, the simultaneous application of GA3 and 6-BA significantly promoted bud growth in both intact and decapitated plants compared to using 6-BA alone. Moreover, this study observed a significant downregulation of GA synthesis genes, including GA20ox1, GA20ox2, GA20ox3, GA3ox1, and CPS1, alongside an upregulation of GA degradation genes such as GA2ox2, GA2ox4, and GA2ox8. The expression of GA signal transduction gene GID1 and GA response factor RGA was found to be upregulated. Notably, the PhGID1 gene, spanning 1029 bp and encoding 342 amino acids, exhibited higher expression in buds and the lowest expression in leaves. The overexpression of PhGID1 in Arabidopsis resulted in a noteworthy rise in the number of branches. This study highlights the crucial role of GA in bud germination and growth and the positive regulatory function of GA signaling in shoot branching processes.
Impact of Perioperative Lidocaine on Neutrophil Extracellular Trapping and Serum Cytokines in Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Shin Dongho , Kim Jiheon , Lee Subin , Chae Min Suk 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective: This randomized controlled trial investigated the influence of perioperative lidocaine administration on the postoperative inflammatory response in patients undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, with the results having potential implications for postoperative recovery and cancer recurrence via neutrophil extracellular trapping (NETosis). Materials and Methods: In total, 58 patients with localized prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive an intravenous infusion of 2% lidocaine or a saline placebo intraoperatively. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-17, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, interferon(IFN)-γ, neutrophil elastase (NE), citrullinated histone3 (CitH3), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined preoperatively and at 24 h postoperatively. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) was assessed over a follow-up period of 2 years. Results: The lidocaine group showed a significant change in MPO, a greater reduction in IL-10 level, and a smaller increase in the NE level compared to the placebo group, suggesting a modulatory effect of lidocaine on certain anti-inflammatory and neuroendocrine pathways. No significant difference in the BCR rate was observed between the two groups. Conclusions: Perioperative lidocaine administration selectively modulates certain inflammatory and neuroendocrine responses after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy surgery, potentially influencing recovery outcomes. These findings highlight the need for further investigations of the role of lidocaine in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocols, particularly in oncologic surgeries.
«Coil-Globule» Transition During theMicroencapsulation of Ti0Nanoparticles in the Jet of SupercriticalСО
Authors: Татаренко К.А. , Татаренко П.А. , Черняк С.А. , Лазарев А.В. 
Published: September 2024

Экспериментально изучался процесс микрокапсулирования наночастиц диоксида титана в полиэтиленгликоле PEG 8000 при импульсном расширении струираствора полимера в сверхкритическом диоксиде углерода в вакуум и в фоновыйгаз (гелий). В обоих случаях при заданных начальных температуре в реакторе смешения и концентрации сорастворителя по данным электронной микроскопииопределялось расстояние от среза сопла до точки на оси струи, в окрестностикоторой на мишени фиксировался переход «клубок-глобула». Получена зависимость положения точки перехода от начальной температуры и концентрациисорастворителя (этанола).
The process of microencapsulation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in polyethyleneglycol PEG 8000 at pulse expanding of the jets of polymer solution in supercriticalcarbon dioxide in vacuum and in a background gas (helium) is experimentally studied.In both cases, at given initial temperature and cosolvent (ethanol) concentration thedistance from the nozzle exit to the point of «coil-globule» transition on the jet axisis determined using the electron microscopy data. The dependence of the transitionpoint position on the initial temperature and the concentration of ethanol in thereactor is obtained.
Synthesis and Analysis of Silica-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Aerogels
Authors: Макарова И.С. , Лебедев И.В. , Гордиенко М.Г. , Меньшутина Н.В. 
Published: September 2024

Кремний-резорцин-формальдегидные аэрогели получены золь-гель методом с использованием сушки в среде сверхкритического СO. Исследована зависимость между условиями получения образцов и их структурными и физическими характеристиками. Полученные аэрогели могут рассматриваться в качестве сорбентов СO и теплоизоляционных материалов.
Silica-resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogels were synthesized using a sol-gel method followed by drying in supercritical CO. Correlations between the conditions of synthesis and the structural and physical characteristics of the synthesized samples were analyzed. The obtained aerogels can be considered as sorbents of CO and thermal insulation materials.
Recrystallization of Zinc Oxide in Suband Supercritical Aqueous Medium
Authors: Ивакин Ю.Д. , Данчевская М.Н. , Муравьева Г.П. 
Published: September 2024

Методом электронной микроскопии исследовано формирование дисперсного состава мелкокристаллического порошка в ходе рекристаллизации оксида цинка в водной среде при 100-400 °С. Установлено, что в конденсированной воде процесс рекристаллизации затруднен, но протекает в среде воды в состоянии пара или сверхкритического флюида в присутствии активатора (хлорида аммония). При температурах до 300 °С рекристаллизация происходит под действием внесенного активатора, а при 300-400 °С - благодаря совместному действию активатора и термоактивации поверхностного слоя кристаллов. В процессе рекристаллизации монодисперсный порошок ZnO со средним размером кристаллов 0,184 мкм превращается в полидисперсный с несколькими компонентами распределения и средними размерами от 0,08 до нескольких микрон.The electron microscopy method was used to study the formation of a disperse composition of a fine-crystalline powder during the recrystallization of zinc oxide in an aqueous medium at 100-400 °C. It was shown that recrystallization in condensed water is difficult, but proceeds in a medium of water in the state of steam or supercritical fluid in the presence of an activator (ammonium chloride). At temperatures up to 300 °C, recrystallization occurs under the action of an introduced activator, and in the range of 300-400 °C, due to the joint action of the activator and the thermal activation of the surface layer of crystals. In the recrystallization process, monodisperse ZnO powder with an average crystal size of 0.184 μm is converted into a polydisperse powder with several distribution components and average sizes from 0.08 to several microns.
Development of Polymer Waste Impregnation Method in Subcritical Freon R22 Media with Substances Promoting their Biodegradation in Nature
Authors: Залепугин Д.Ю. , Карпов В.А. , Тилькунова Н.А. , Ковальчук Ю.Л. , Чернышова И.В. , Семенова Т.А. 
Published: September 2024

Впервые предложена методика ускорения биоразложения полимерных пленок (полиэтилен низкого давления) введением в полимер оливкового масла (моделирующего отходы пищевой промышленности, так называемого «cooking oil») в среде фреона R22 в субкритическом состоянии при 90 °С и давлении 280 атм. Испытания в условиях повышенной температуры и влажности (климатическая станция Хоа Лак, Вьетнам) показали, что у насыщенных маслом образцов за шесть месяцев скорость биоразложения была примерно в три раза выше, чем у контрольных необработанных образцов. Проведен анализ микроорганизмов-деструкторов, выделенных из тестируемых пленок. Исследования показали перспективность использования данного подхода при решении проблем утилизации полимерных отходов.
For the first time method of increasing the biodegradability of polymer films (LDPE) by the impregnation of polymer with the olive oil (model of food waste, so called “cooking oil”) has been proposed. For polymer modification subcritical (temperature 90 °C, pressure 280 bar) Freon R22 (difluorochloromethane) was used.Testing of polymers during 6 months under abnormally high temperature and humidity (Hoa Lack, Vietnam) demonstrated that biodegradation ratio of oil impregnated films was 3 times higher that of control samples. Identification of destructing microorganisms from testing films has been realized. Investigations show that proposed method may be perspective for solving the problem of polymer waste degradation in nature.
Solvation of Ethanol, Phenol and o-Methoxyphenol in Diluted Water Solutions in Normal and Supercritical Conditions
Authors: Алексеев Е.С. , Богдан Т.В. 
Published: September 2024

Методом классической молекулярной динамики проведено моделирование структуры водных растворов этанола, фенола и о-метоксифенола (гваякола) при концентрации растворенного вещества 2 мас. % в NVT-ансамбле при плотностях 0,997 и 0,133 г/см, отвечающих нормальным (298 K; 0,1 МПа) и сверхкритическим (СК) (673 К; 23,0 МПа) условиям. Рассчитаны коэффициенты самодиффузии отдельных компонентов в растворах, функции радиального распределения для расстояний между атомами кислорода молекул воды, расстояний между атомами кислорода гидроксильных групп и расстояний между центрами масс молекул фенолов. Проведен анализ кластеризации растворенных молекул. Полученные данные указывают на неоднородность растворов, в которых могут существовать кластеры разного состава и структуры. Установлено, что при нормальных условиях происходит кластеризация до семи молекул этанола и фенолов, в СК-условиях обнаружены димеры. Сопоставлены структурные особенности растворов в нормальных и СК-условиях. Показано различие формирования гидратных оболочек этанола по сравнению с фенолами. При нормальных условиях вокруг молекул этанола образуются стабильные оболочки из молекул воды. Для фенолов сольватные оболочки оказываются нестабильными, выражена тенденция к образованию кластеров.
Using a classical molecular dynamics method structures of 2 wt. % water solutions of ethanol, phenol and o-methoxyphenol (guaiacol) were modeled in NVT-ensemble at densities 0.997 and 0.133 g cmr that corresponds to normal (298 K; 0.1 MPa) and supercritical (673 K; 23.0 MPa) conditions. Self-diffusion coefficients for individual components in solutions, radial distribution functions for oxygen atoms of water molecules, for oxygen atoms in hydroxy-groups and for centers of masses in phenol molecules are calculated. A possibility of molecule clusterization for diluted substances is analyzed. The data obtained indicate the heterogeneity of solutions in which clusters of different composition and structure can exist. It was found that under normal conditions clustering of up to seven ethanol and phenol molecules can occur, and dimer formation was detected under SC-conditions. The structural features of solutions under normal and SC-conditions were compared. The difference between the water shells of ethanol and phenols molecules was demonstrated. Under normal conditions, stable shells of water molecules form around ethanol molecules. For phenols, the solvate shells are unstable and a tendency to clusterization of organic molecules is pronounced.
Competition of the Phase Separation Processes at Quasi-Isothermal Foaming of Polylactide in Carbon Dioxide Environment
Authors: Зимняков Д.А. , Попов Б.К. , Минаев Н.Б. , Епифанов Е.О. , Паренаго О.О. , Здражевский Р.А. , Берещагин Д.А. , Ушакова О.Б. 
Published: September 2024

На основе анализа видеоданных о квази-изотермическом (313.3 K) вспенивании аморфного В,Ь-полилактида, пластифицированного суб- или сверхкритическим диоксидом углерода, установлены закономерности, контролирующие кинетику образования зародышей газовых пузырей при сбросе давления CO. Рассмотрены возможные сценарии разделения фаз в системе полилактид-диоксид углерода на стадии, предшествующей интенсивному развитию полимерной пены
Mechanisms controlling the nucleation kinetics in the foamed amorphous D,L-polylactide, which is preliminary plasticized using sub-ical or supercritical carbon dioxide, are established using analysis of videodata on the depressurization-induced quasi-isothermal (313,3 K) foaming of the polymer. Possible scenarios of the phase separation in the polylatide-carbon dioxide system at the stage, which precedes the expressed foam formation, are considered.