bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greek Lists of the Apostles: New Findings and Open Questions
Authors: Guignard Christophe 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:From the 4th/5th century on, one finds in virtually all the languages of early and mediaeval Christianity lists providing basic information about the apostles, which form a large and prolific tradition. Dealing with the Twelve (and Paul), and/or the seventy disciples of Luke 10, these lists bring together biblical and traditional or apocryphal data: for the Twelve and Paul, mainly the regions that they evangelised, their martyrdom and their burial place; for the Seventy, mainly their episcopal sees. Most of the major texts were edited by Theodor Schermann in 1907, but the apostle lists were afterwards largely neglected by scholars. Conceived as a preliminary report on a new research project on theses texts, this article deals with the identification of many new Greek witnesses, before focusing on two particular textual traditions on which the results attained so far shed new light: firstly, the
Remodeling of the Inner Hair Cell Microtubule Meshwork in a Mouse Model of Auditory Neuropathy AUNA1
Authors: Surel Clément , Guillet Marie , Lenoir Marc , Bourien Jérôme , Sendin Gaston , Joly Willy , Delprat Benjamin , Lesperance Marci M. , Puel Jean-Luc , Nouvian Régis 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAuditory neuropathy 1 (AUNA1) is a form of human deafness resulting from a point mutation in the 5′ untranslated region of theDiaphanous homolog 3(DIAPH3) gene. Notably, theDIAPH3mutation leads to the overexpression of the DIAPH3 protein, a formin family member involved in cytoskeleton dynamics. Through study of diap3-overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice, we examine in further detail the anatomical, functional, and molecular mechanisms underlying AUNA1. We identify diap3 as a component of the hair cells apical pole in wild-type mice. In the diap3-overexpressing Tg mice, which show a progressive threshold shift associated with a defect in inner hair cells (IHCs), the neurotransmitter release and potassium conductances are not affected. Strikingly, the overexpression of diap3 results in a selective and early-onset alteration of the IHC cuticular plate. Molecular dissection of the apical components revealed that the microtubule meshwork first undergoes aberrant targeting into the cuticular plate of Tg IHCs, followed by collapse of the stereociliary bundle, with eventual loss of the IHC capacity to transmit incoming auditory stimuli.
The Right Superior Frontal Gyrus and Individual Variation in Proactive Control of Impulsive Response
Authors: Hu Sien , Ide Jaime S. , Zhang Sheng , Li Chiang-shan R. 
Published: December 2016

A hallmark of cognitive control is the ability to rein in impulsive responses. Previously, we used a Bayesian model to describe trial-by-trial likelihood of the stop signal or p(Stop) and related regional activations to p(Stop) to response slowing in a stop signal task. Here, we characterized the regional processes of conflict anticipation in association with intersubject variation in impulse control in 114 young adults. We computed the stop signal reaction time (SSRT) and a measure of motor urgency, indexed by the reaction time (RT) difference between go and stop error trials or “GoRT − SERT,” where GoRT is the go trial RT and SERT is the stop error RT. Motor urgency and SSRT were positively correlated across subjects. A linear regression identified regional activations to p(Stop), each in correlation with SSRT and motor urgency. We hypothesized that shared neural activities mediate the correlation between motor urgency and SSRT in proactive control of impulsivity. Activation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex and right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) during conflict anticipation correlated negatively with the SSRT. Activation of the right SFG also correlated negatively with GoRT − SERT. Therefore, activation of the right SFG was associated with more efficient response inhibition and less motor urgency. A mediation analysis showed that right SFG activation to conflict anticipation mediates the correlation between SSRT and motor urgency bidirectionally. The current results highlight a specific role of the right SFG in translating conflict anticipation to the control of impulsive response, which is consistent with earlier studies suggesting its function in action restraint.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIndividuals vary in impulse control. However, the neural bases underlying individual variation in proactive control of impulsive responses remain unknown. Here, in a large sample of young adults, we showed that activation of the right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) during conflict anticipation is positively correlated with the capacity of inhibitory control and negatively with motor urgency in the stop signal task. Importantly, activity of the right SFG mediates the counteracting processes of inhibitory control and motor urgency across subjects. The results support a unique role of the right SFG in individual variation in cognitive control.
Activation of Glutamatergic Fibers in the Anterior NAc Shell Modulates Reward Activity in the aNAcSh, the Lateral Hypothalamus, and Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Transiently Stops Feeding
Authors: Prado Luis , Luis-Islas Jorge , Sandoval Osvaldo I. , Puron Liliana , Gil Moreno M. , Luna Alvaro , Arias-García Mario A. , Galarraga Elvira , Simon Sidney A. , Gutierrez Ranier 
Published: December 2016

Although the release of mesoaccumbal dopamine is certainly involved in rewarding responses, recent studies point to the importance of the interaction between it and glutamate. One important component of this network is the anterior nucleus accumbens shell (aNAcSh), which sends GABAergic projections into the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and receives extensive glutamatergic inputs from, among others, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The effects of glutamatergic activation of aNAcSh on the ingestion of rewarding stimuli as well as its effect in the LH and mPFC are not well understood. Therefore, we studied behaving mice that express a light-gated channel (ChR2) in glutamatergic fibers in their aNAcSh while recording from neurons in the aNAcSh, or mPFC or LH. In Thy1-ChR2, but not wild-type, mice activation of aNAcSh fibers transiently stopped the mice licking for sucrose or an empty sipper. Stimulation of aNAcSh fibers both activated and inhibited single-unit responses aNAcSh, mPFC, and LH, in a manner that maintains firing rate homeostasis. One population of licking-inhibited pMSNs in the aNAcSh was also activated by optical stimulation, suggesting their relevance in the cessation of feeding. A rewarding aspect of stimulation of glutamatergic inputs was found when the Thy1-ChR2 mice learned to nose-poke to self-stimulate these inputs, indicating that bulky stimulation of these fibers are rewarding in the sense of wanting. Stimulation of excitatory afferents evoked both monosynaptic and polysynaptic responses distributed in the three recorded areas. In summary, we found that activation of glutamatergic aNAcSh fibers is both rewarding and transiently inhibits feeding.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe have established that the activation of glutamatergic fibers in the anterior nucleus accumbens shell (aNAcSh) transiently stops feeding and yet, because mice self-stimulate, is rewarding in the sense of wanting. Moreover, we have characterized single-unit responses of distributed components of a hedonic network (comprising the aNAcSh, medial prefrontal cortex, and lateral hypothalamus) recruited by activation of glutamatergic aNAcSh afferents that are involved in encoding a positive valence signal important for the wanting of a reward and that transiently stops ongoing consummatory actions, such as licking.
ESSENTIA OF HUMAN BEING AND ONTO-THEOLOGICAL ESSE OF METAPHYSICS: HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL CONTEXT
Authors: Skrytska N. V. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose. The purpose of research is to show essential of the human being on the level of philosophical analysis, and to define the necessity of ontho-theological essence of metaphysic on the basis of the historical and philosophical context. Methology. For the sake of disclosure multifacetedness human being used such methods: the method of terminological analysis, hermeneutic method, a method of classification, historical method, philosophical method, dialectical method, the method of generalization, the method of abstraction, the method of idealization, phenomenological method. Scientific novelty. On the basis of historico-philosophical researches it is carried out the analysis of the concepts essentia of human being, proceeding not only from the metaphysical point of view, but also with anthropological, axiological and gnoseological. It is proved that, despite of metaphysics accessory as abstract knowledge to different philosophical sections, everything the main thing remains the appeal to primary sources. After all in our world of cruelty, neglect, loss spirituality the main thing is not to lose the spiritual soil and the appeal to God.
Atenção à Saúde da Mulher na Atenção Básica: Potencialidades e Limites
Authors: Mendes Cássia Regina Alves 
Published: December 2016

Esta revisão da literatura objetivou-se apresentar uma abordagem sobre as principais contribuições descritas na literatura a respeito das potencialidades e limites da atuação do enfermeiro na Estratégia Saúde da Família no que diz respeito às ações voltadas para a saúde da mulher. Realizou-se busca nas bases de Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde - Lilacs, Scientific Eletronic Library Online - SciELO, e Manuais do Ministério da Saúde, no período de 2000 a 2015. Utilizou-se os descritores: Enfermeiro, Pré-natal e Programa Saúde da Família, visando identificar estudos com essa temática, propiciado pelas equipes de saúde da Atenção Primária. Foram encontrados 42 artigos, no entanto somente 23 deles foram selecionados e um manual do Ministério da Saúde. Devido às diversidades das ações executadas pelo profissional enfermeiro na Estratégia Saúde da Família, após a análise dos artigos selecionados, descreveu-se os trabalhos desenvolvidosnas ações de prevenção aos cânceres de colo de útero e mama, de pré-natal e puerpério, e de planejamento familiar. Os resultados mostraram que são de grande importância as ações prestadas pelos enfermeiros nas Estratégias de Saúde da Família no pré-natal e puerpério, na prevenção dos cânceres de mama e colo de útero e no planejamento familiar, pois contribuem para prevenção de doenças e agravos e promoção da saúde. Porém são necessárias melhorias no atendimento prestado à mulher, para tanto é imprescindível que ocorra uma capacitação plena dos enfermeiros para que estes promovam ações de planejamento, organização, desenvolvimento e avaliação de ações que respondam às reais necessidades das mulheres de sua área de abrangência.
Objetos virtuales de aprendizaje y el desarrollo de aprendizaje autónomo en el área de inglés.
Authors: Feria-Marrugo Irina Margarita 
Published: December 2016

Esta investigación se enfoca en los objetos virtuales de aprendizaje como herramienta TIC para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje autónomo. Se buscó establecer la relevancia, o no, de ciertas herramientas digitales, representadas como OVA, que cumplieran con ciertas características, para el apoyo en las clases, de tal manera que desempeñaran un papel didácticopara los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje, el cual demanda metodologías y conocimiento por parte del docente y una actitud deseada por parte del estudiante. Para lograr eso, se planteó como objetivo general de la investigación: “Evaluar la incidencia de los Objetos Virtuales de Aprendizaje como herramienta didáctica digital en la enseñanza y en el desarrollo deaprendizaje autónomo del inglés en los estudiantes de noveno grado de básica secundaria de la Institución Educativa Bertha Gedeón de Báladi”. La metodología utilizada fue planteada bajo el enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo con carácter descriptivo y evaluativo. En la investigación participaron 54 estudiantes de noveno grado de secundaria; los instrumentos utilizados parala recolección de datos fueron encuestas, entrevistas y observación directa, cuya validez fue garantizada implementando un cuadro de triple entrada en el que se establecieron las categorías, los indicadores, los descriptores y los instrumentos de recolección de datos apropiados a la metodología de estudio. Para el análisis de la información se utilizó la triangulación metodológica que permitió tener una visión más compleja de la realidad, por tanto, más completa y cercana a la misma. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron la gran incidencia de los OVA como herramienta motivadora en el aprendizaje autónomo del estudiante y su preferencia ante materiales tradicionales planos, carentes de interactividad o de elementos multimedia queprivilegien diversos estilos de aprendizaje.
Línea de tiempo: educación ambiental en Colombia
Authors: Pita-Morales Luz Adriana 
Published: December 2016

La educación ambiental es un proceso que le permite al individuo comprender las relaciones de interdependencia con el entorno en el que se desarrolla el cual tiene en cuenta la realidad biofísica, social, política; en este sentido, es fundamental generar en la sociedad actividades que promuevan la valoración y respeto por el ambiente. La educación ambiental debe ser dinámica, participativa, y estar orientada a la formación de personas críticas y reflexivas con capacidad de comprender la problemática ambiental desde el contexto local, regional y nacional. En este marco, nace la necesidad de contextualizar la labor que se ha hecho a nivel nacional en la construcción de instrumentos que le permitan al Estado mirar la educación ambiental como una herramienta fundamental para el cuidado de los recursos naturales, y no como un concepto aislado ajeno a la comunidad. En la presente revisión se aborda el marco histórico de la educación ambiental en Colombia sus desafíos, retos y la manera como se están abriendo espacios formativos y de proyección para el manejo adecuado del ambiente. En conclusión, la educación ambiental es un proceso participativo que debe nacer del colectivo con el fin de dar gestión a los recursos naturales propios de una región y comunidad, en donde el quehacer de los profesionales es orientar estos procesos en la sociedad.
Clinical Profile and Outcome of Asphyxiated Newborn in a Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Panthee Kiran , Sharma Kiran , Kalakheti Balkrishna , Thapa Kul 
Published: December 2016

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia, a major topic in neonatology, is a severe condition which has a high impact on neonatal mortality and morbidity and neurological and intellectual development of the infant. It is defined by WHO as "failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth". It is estimated that around four million babies are born asphyxiated and among those one million die and an equal number of babies develop serious neurological consequences ranging from cerebral palsy and mental retardation to epilepsy. This study was done to identify the occurrence, clinical profile and, immediate outcome of perinatal asphyxia in Lumbini Medical College Teaching Hospital.

Methods: It was a retrospective study where 82 cases who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included between December 2014 to November 2015. Inclusion criteria included newborns with: a) Apgar score equal to or less than six at five minutes, b) requirement of more than one minute of positive pressure ventilation, c) signs of fetal distress (heart rate of less than 100 beats per minute, late decelerations).

Results: Out of total 425 neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, 82 (19.3%) cases were of asphyxia among which 56 were inborn and 26 were referred from outside. Of those 82 cases, 47 (57.3%) cases developed hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE); HIE stage I had good outcome with survival rate of 95% and HIE stage III had poor outcome with survival rate of only 25%.

Conclusion: Despite advances in management of neonates, perinatal asphyxia is still the leading cause of neonatal intensive care unit admission and mortality and morbidity in neonates.
Comments by the Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association on PCAOB Release No. 2016-003, Proposed Auditing Standard—The Auditor's Report on an Audit of Financial Statements when the Auditor Expresses an Unqualified Opinion and Related Amendments to PCAOB Standards
Authors: Doxey Marcus M. , Fuller Stephen H. , Geiger Marshall A. , Gist Willie E. , Hackenbrack Karl E. , Janvrin Diane J. , Pitman Marshall K. , Roush Pamela B. 
Published: December 2016

SUMMARY
On May 11, 2016 the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) issued a request for comment on Proposed Auditing Standard—The Auditor's Report on an Audit of Financial Statements when the Auditor Expresses an Unqualified Opinion and Related Amendments to PCAOB Standards, a reproposal of its August 2013 proposed auditor reporting standard. The reproposal retains the pass/fail model of the existing auditor's report while seeking to enhance the form and content of the report. The reproposal solicited public comment on the following significant changes to the existing auditor's report: (1) add a description of “critical audit matters” that provides audit-specific information about especially challenging, subjective, or complex aspects of the audit as they relate to the relevant financial statement accounts and disclosures, (2) add a statement about auditor independence and the phrase “whether due to error or fraud” when describing the auditor's responsibilities to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements, (3) add a statement related to auditor tenure, and (4) standardize the form of the auditor's report, requiring the opinion be the first section of the auditor's report and requiring section titles to guide the reader. The comment period ended on August 15, 2016. This commentary summarizes the participating committee members' views on the alternatives presented in the request for comment.
Data Availability: The concept release, proposed and reproposed rules, and supplemental information are available at: http://pcaobus.org/Rules/Rulemaking/Pages/Docket034.aspx
Dependence of neutron rate production with accelerator beam profile and energy range in an ADS-TRIGA RC1 reactor
Authors: Firoozabadi M. M. , Karimi J. , Zangian M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Lead, mercury, tantalum and tungsten were used as target material for calculation of spallation processes in an ADS-TRIGA RC1 reactor. The results show that tungsten has the highest neutron production rate. Therefore it was selected as target material for further calculations. The sensitivity of neutron parameters of the ADS reactor core relative to a change of beam profile and proton energy was determined. The core assembly and parameters of the TRIGA RC1 demonstration facility were used for the calculation model. By changing the proton energy from 115 to 1 400 MeV by using the intra-nuclear cascade model of Bertini (INC-Bertini), the quantity of the relative difference in % for energy gain (G) and spallation neutron yield (Yn/p), increases to 289.99 % and 5199.15 % respectively. These changes also reduce the amount of relative difference for the proton beam current (Ip) and accelerator power (Pacc), 99.81 % and 81.28 % respectively. In addition, the use of a Gaussian distribution instead of a uniform distribution in the accelerator beam profile increases the quantity of relative difference for energy gain (G), net neutron multiplication (M) and spallation neutron yield (Yn/p), up to 4.93 %, 4.9 % and 5.55 % respectively.
Polynomial approach method to solve the neutron point kinetics equations with use of the analytic continuation
Authors: Tumelero F. , Petersen C. Z. , Gonçalves G. A. , Schramm M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this work, we report a solution to solve the Neutron Point Kinetics Equations applying the Polynomial Approach Method. The main idea is to expand the neutron density and delayed neutron precursors as a power series considering the reactivity as an arbitrary function of the time in a relatively short time interval around an ordinary point. In the first interval one applies the initial conditions and the analytical continuation is used to determine the solutions of the next intervals. A genuine error control is developed based on an analogy with the Rest Theorem. For illustration, we also report simulations for different approaches types (linear, quadratic and cubic). The results obtained by numerical simulations for linear approximation are compared with results in the literature.
Clonal integration increases relative competitive ability in an invasive aquatic plant
Authors: Wang Pu , Alpert Peter , Yu Fei‐Hai 
Published: December 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Physiological integration between connected ramets is well known to increase performance of clonal plant species. However, no direct evidence appears to exist that integration can increase the ability of clonal species to compete with other species within mixed communities. We tested this hypothesis using two floating, invasive, aquatic species in which fragmentation—and thus extent of integration—is likely to vary between habitats and times.METHODS:Individual ramets of Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes were grown in monoculture or in mixture, and new stolons bearing new offspring were severed or left intact. After 6 wk, the numbers of offspring and second‐generation (2°) offspring produced by each original ramet, or parent, were counted; and the final dry mass of each parent, its stolons, its offspring, and its 2° offspring were measured.KEY RESULTS:Fragmentation decreased the relative competitive ability of Pistia, but not that of Eichhornia. This was mainly because Pistia accumulated ∼30% less dry mass of offspring when fragmented and grown with Eichhornia than in other treatments. Offspring of Pistia were smaller than those of Eichhornia in all treatments.CONCLUSIONS:Our results show that clonal integration can increase competitive ability in some clonal species. In this case, integration appeared to enable the small offspring of Pistia to compete more effectively with the large offspring of Eichhornia. Lower rates of fragmentation may select for production of more numerous, smaller vegetative offspring in clonal species.