bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) Serum Levels in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Faienza Maria Felicia , Ventura Annamaria , Delvecchio Maurizio , Fusillo Anna , Piacente Laura , Aceto Gabriella , Colaianni Graziana , Colucci Silvia , Cavallo Luciano , Grano Maria , Brunetti Giacomina 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Context:
Childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with decreased bone mass. Sclerostin and dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) are Wnt inhibitors that regulate bone formation.

Objective:
To evaluate sclerostin and DKK-1 levels in T1DM children and to analyze the influence of glycemic control on bone health.

Design and setting:
Cross-sectional study conducted at a clinical research center.

Participants:
One hundred and six T1DM subjects (12.2 ± 4 years), 66 on multiple daily injections (MDIs) and 40 on continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin (CSII), and 80 controls.

Results:
The average bone transmission time (BTT) and amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SoS) z scores were lower in patients with diabetes than in controls. Significantly increased DKK-1 (3593 ± 1172 vs 2652 ± 689 pg/mL; P &lt; 0.006) and sclerostin (29.45 ± 12.32 vs 22.53 ± 8.29; P &lt; 0.001) levels were found in patients with diabetes with respect to controls, particularly in patients on MDI compared with ones on CSII. Glycemic control was improved in CSII patients compared with MDI ones (P &lt; 0.001) and was also associated with significantly higher BMI-SDS (P &lt; 0.002) and BTT z scores (P &lt; 0.02). With adjustment for age, multiple linear regression analysis of DKK-1 and sclerostin as dependent variables showed that levels of glycated hemoglobin, glucose, 25(OH) vitamin D, osteocalcin, and parathyroid hormone; years of diabetes; and BMI-SDS and AD-SoS z score were the most important predictors (P &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Our study highlighted (1) the high serum levels of DKK-1 and sclerostin in T1DM children and their relationship with altered glycemic control and (2) the effect of CSII on improvement of glycemic control and bone health in T1DM children.
Dried Blood Spot Thyroglobulin as a Biomarker of Iodine Status in Pregnant Women
Authors: Stinca Sara , Andersson Maria , Weibel Sandra , Herter-Aeberli Isabelle , Fingerhut Ralph , Gowachirapant Sueppong , Hess Sonja Y. , Jaiswal Nidhi , Jukić Tomislav , Kusic Zvonko , Mabapa Ngoako Solomon , Nepal Ashwini Kumar , San Luis Teofilo O. L. , Zhen Jia Qing , Zimmermann Michael Bruce 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Context:
Thyroglobulin (Tg) could be a sensitive biomarker of iodine nutrition in pregnant women (PW). A dried blood spot (DBS) assay would simplify collection and transport in field studies.

Objectives:
Our aims were to (1) establish and test a reference range for DBS-Tg in PW; (2) determine whether co-measurement of Tg antibodies (Abs) is necessary to define population iodine status.

Design, Setting, and Participants:
Standardized cross-sectional studies of 3870 PW from 11 countries. For the DBS-Tg reference range, we included TgAb-negative PW (n = 599) from 3 countries with sufficient iodine intake.

Main Outcome Measures:
We measured the urinary iodine concentration and DBS thyroid-stimulating hormone, total thyroxin, Tg, and TgAb.

Results:
In the reference population, the median DBS-Tg was 9.2 μg/L (95% confidence interval, 8.7 to 9.8 μg/L) and was not significantly different among trimesters. The reference range was 0.3 to 43.5 μg/L. Over a range of iodine intake, the Tg concentrations were U-shaped. Within countries, the median DBS-Tg and the presence of elevated DBS-Tg did not differ significantly between all PW and PW who were TgAb-negative.

Conclusions:
A median DBS-Tg of ∼10 μg/L with &lt;3% of values ≥44 μg/L indicated population iodine sufficiency. Concurrent measurement of TgAb did not appear necessary to assess the population iodine status.
Accuracy of integrated total pelvic floor ultrasound compared to defaecatory MRI in females with pelvic floor defaecatory dysfunction
Authors: Hainsworth Alison J , Pilkington Sophie A , Grierson Catherine , Rutherford Elizabeth , Schizas Alexis M P , Nugent Karen P , Williams Andrew B 
Published: October 2016

Objective:
Defaecatory MRI allows multicompartmental assessment of defaecatory dysfunction but is often inaccessible. Integrated total pelvic floor ultrasound (transperineal, transvaginal, endoanal) may provide a cheap, portable alternative. The accuracy of total pelvic floor ultrasound for anatomical abnormalities when compared with defaecatory MRI was assessed.

Methods:
The dynamic images from 68 females who had undergone integrated total pelvic floor ultrasound and defaecatory MRI between 2009 and 2015 were blindly reviewed. The following were recorded: rectocoele, enterocoele, intussusception and cystocoele.

Results:
There were 26 rectocoeles on MRI (49 rectocoeles on ultrasound), 24 rectocoeles with intussusception on MRI (19 rectocoeles on ultrasound), 23 enterocoeles on MRI (24 enterocoeles on ultrasound) and 49 cystocoeles on MRI (35 cystocoeles on ultrasound). Sensitivity and specificity of total pelvic floor ultrasound were 81% and 33% for rectocoele, 60% and 91% for intussusception, 65% and 80% for enterocoele and 65% and 84% for cystocoele when compared with defaecatory MRI. This gave a negative-predictive value and positive-predictive value of 74% and 43% for rectocoele, 80% and 79% for intussusception, 82% and 63% for enterocoele and 48% and 91% for cystocoele.

Conclusion:
Integrated total pelvic floor ultrasound may serve as a screening tool for pelvic floor defaecatory dysfunction; when normal, defaecatory MRI can be avoided, as rectocoele, intussusception and enterocoele are unlikely to be present.

Advances in knowledge:
This is the first study to compare integrated total pelvic floor ultrasound with defaecatory MRI. The results support the use of integrated total pelvic floor ultrasound as a screening tool for defaecatory dysfunction.
AN EFFECTIVE ENGLISH CLASS WITH APPROPRIATE TECHNIQUES AND STRATEGIES
Authors: Kadiu Vahidije , Treska Tomi 
Published: October 2016

Teaching is considered to be one of the most important aspects for the future of the human beings. The fact that teaching is an art based on techniques and strategies is very important. The aim of this paper is to study the appropriate techniques and strategies for an effective English class. To achieve this, a survey was conducted at “Asim Vokshi secondary school. The main instrument used was a questionnaire. It was conducted on 70 students and 70 teachers. According to the results of the survey, many teachers believe that during an English class, different techniques and strategies should be included such as: cooperation, control of the class, and motivation. They also stressed the fact that four skills should be co-related for an effective class. The most important finding was related to the students. According to them, the best way to learn the English language was by writing.
Larvicidal Activity of The Mixture of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) and Aqueous Extract of Sapindus rarak DC Against Larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Fauziah Rahmi Safarina , Sudarsono Sudarsono , Mulyaningsih Budi 
Published: October 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of <strong>C</strong>ashew <strong>N</strong>ut <strong>S</strong>hell <strong>L</strong>iquid (CNSL) against the <em>Culex quinque fasciatus</em> in larval stage. The CNSL was diluted in water by addition of aqueous extract of <em>Sapindus rarak </em>DC to increase its solubility. Larvae were exposed to varying concentrations of that mixture. The larvae mortality was observed after 24 h exposure. LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub> value by extrapolation were 20,52 ppm and 55,41 ppm respectively. CNSL were specified by characterizing its physico-chemical properties and anacardic acid as marker compound by High Performance Chromatography (HPLC). The results were the mixture of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL)<strong> </strong>and Aquous extract of S<em>apindus rarak </em>DC had larvicidal activity against <em>Cx. Quinque-fasciatus </em>and further investigations were needed to identify the fatty acid derivative as active compound of CNSL which responsible for larvicidal activity.
Identification Of Migratory Birds And Their Spesific Characteristics Of Habitat In The Salt Water Lake Of Gili Meno, North Lombok Distric
Authors: Purwitasari Diah , Astiti Luh Gde Sri , Supriadi Supriadi 
Published: October 2016

The aim of this research was to identify the species of migratory birds in the ecosystem of salt water lake of Gili Meno and their specific characteristics of habitat. Data collection for birds, mangrove and fish species has been carried out in September and October 2013. In this study, a Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index and Importance Value Index (IVI) of mangrove vegetation were calculated to identify carrying capacity of mangrove population in the form of specific habitat in salt water lake of Gili Meno. This research has identified 17 species of birds which are divided into 5 families: Scolopacidae, Charadriidae, Ardeidae, Meropidae and Alcedinidae. Moreover, 3 species of mangrove were discovered that are <em>A. marina, A. lanata </em>and <em>E. Agallocha</em>, as well as one species of fish (Mujair fish/<em>O. mossambicus</em>). <em>N. Nycticorax </em>and <em>B. Striatus</em> were well-known to have higher population than other bird species. The Diversity Index showed that mangrove vegetation in the ecosystem of salt water lake of Gili Meno has a low species diversity (0.565). This is due to higher dominance of one species than the others. What is more, the IVI of <em>A. marina </em>demonstrated a fairly significant value compared to that of other species (189,01). Mangrove vegetation which surrounds the ecosystem of salt water lake of Gili Meno has formed a unique habitat and and an ideal stopover site for migratory birds. The ecosystem not only provides shelters from predators but also supplies for various abundant feeding sources. The lake it self is rather shallow and muddy around the shore which gives advantages for the migratory birds to obtain plenty small fish from the lake.
Morpho-Anatomical Analysis of Cosmostigma racemosum (Asclepiadoideae) Flowers
Authors: Widodo Widodo , Amin Mohamad , Al-Muhdar Mimien Henie Irawati , Luthfi Muhammad Ja’far 
Published: October 2016

<em>Cosmostigma racemosum</em> is a plant species belonging to the family Apocynaceae, the subfamily Asclepiadoideae. <em>Cosmostigma racemosum </em>is found in Nglanggeran Mountain Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. The local name and its original distribution are not known. Information or study of <em>Cosmostigma racemosum</em> in Indonesia is not available. Comprehensive characterization of this species is important for authentication and addition of data base. Characterization was conducted by analyzing the morphology and anatomy of flower. The objectives of this study were to describe and analyze the morphology and anatomy of <em>C. racemosum</em> flowers. The method of research was based on observation method and exploration of plant systematics evidence or taxonomy evidence, including analyses and description of morphology and anatomy of flower structure and its development. The results showed that the characteristics of flower morphology are in accordance with the existing description in literatures. Characteristics of pollinia are specific characters of morphological aspect of flower. Data of anatomy of flower and its parts development are the new ones which confirm the position of <em>C.racemosum</em> as a member of the tribe Marsdenieae. The data of anatomy also show new information of the ontogeny of the important parts of flower: pollinia formation, pollinia corpusculum, anther wall, anther sac, stigma, stamen, staminal tube, stigmatic chamber, and structure of ovary in Asclepiadoideae
A Discovery and Characteristics Description of Telosma puberula (Asclepiadoideae) in Mount Gedang Atas and Mount Ijo, Baturagung Mountain Yogyakarta
Authors: Widodo Widodo 
Published: October 2016

<p>Population of <em>Telosma puberula </em>in community forest bushes was identified at S.07.48'.44.1"; E.110.31.15.8", 411m, Mount Gedang Atas and S 070 04 '04.1"; E 1100 30 '47.9 ", 415m, Mount Ijo. <em>Telosma puberula </em>was also found in Mount Parangan, Mount Mintorogo, Mount Nglanggeran, and Baturagung Mountains Yogyakarta. The identification was based on herbarium specimens collected by Horsfield in 1802 and 1859 from Java island, Indonesia (K000873052, K000873053). Information about <em>Telosma puberula </em>is very limited. This article describe photographs of morphological characters of the plant’s stems, leaves, flowers, and pollinia.</p>
Contained Rupture of Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm in a 64-Year-Old Man
Authors: Garg Anjali , Balasubramaniyam Nivas , Lafaro Rocco , Timmermans Robert , Aronow Wilbert S. , Cooper Howard A. , Panza Julio A. 
Published: October 2016

We report a contained rupture of a right coronary sinus of Valsalva aneurysm, in which repair resulted in symptomatic improvement. Patients often present with symptoms secondary to rupture of the sinus of Valsalva aneurysm into one of the cardiac chambers, or secondary to the compression of adjacent structures. Whereas sinus of Valsalva aneurysms and their rupture are well reported in the literature, contained ruptures have been described only rarely. In those cases, symptoms often arose from compression of adjacent structures.
Although transesophageal echocardiography is considered to be the diagnostic method of choice, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography can be equally helpful in establishing the diagnosis and delineating the lesion. Diagnosis and prompt repair in our 64-year-old patient resulted in the rapid resolution of his symptoms.
Retrodigitalisierung in der SuUB Bremen 2011–2016: Eine Bilanz
Authors: Hermes-Wladarsch Maria , Müller Maria Elisabeth , Nölte Manfred 
Published: October 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die SuUB Bremen engagiert sich seit mehreren Jahren in der Digitalisierung von historisch wertvollen Bibliotheksbeständen. Für die digitale Transformation dieser Bestände zu sorgen und sie einer zeitgemäßen Nutzung im Internet zur Verfügung zu stellen sowie die Kompetenzen im Bereich Digitalisierung zu entwickeln, zählt zu den genuinen Aufgaben einer modernen wissenschaftlichen Bibliothek. Als Universitäts- und Hochschulbibliothek ist sie zudem der in Bremen ansässigen wissenschaftlichen Forschung verpflichtet, forschungsrelevante Digitalisierungsprojekte werden oftmals mit Förderung durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft durchgeführt. Der folgende Beitrag stellt eine Digitalisierungsbilanz der SuUB Bremen in den Jahren 2011 bis 2016 vor.
Rapid screening for targeted genetic variants via high-resolution melting curve analysis
Authors: Chambliss Allison B. , Resnick Molly , Petrides Athena K. , Clarke William A. , Marzinke Mark A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackground:Current methods for the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with aberrant drug-metabolizing enzyme function are hindered by long turnaround times and specialized techniques and instrumentation. In this study, we describe the development and validation of a high-resolution melting (HRM) curve assay for the rapid screening of variant genotypes for targeted genetic polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A5.Methods:Sequence-specific primers were custom-designed to flank nine SNPs within the genetic regions of aforementioned drug metabolizing enzymes. PCR amplification was performed followed by amplicon denaturation by precise temperature ramping in order to distinguish genotypes by melting temperature (TResults:Intra-assay (n=5) precision of TConclusions:The presented assay provides a rapid method for the screening for genetic variants in targeted CYP450 regions with a result of ‘reference’ or ‘variant’ available within 2 h from receipt of extracted DNA. The method can serve as a screening approach to rapidly identify individuals with variant sequences who should be further investigated by reflexed confirmatory testing for aberrant cytochrome P450 enzymatic activity. Rapid knowledge of variant status may aid in the avoidance of adverse clinical events by allowing for dosing of normal metabolizer patients immediately while identifying the need to wait for confirmatory testing in those patients who are likely to possess pharmacogenetically-relevant variants.
Reflection Modeling Based Broadband Matching Network Design
Authors: Şengül Metin 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this paper, a new broadband matching network design approach based on reflection modeling is proposed, which has two parts: impedance data generation and modeling. In the approach, firstly the output impedance data of the matching network is obtained to get the desired flat transducer power gain in the passband. Next the output reflection data are calculated using the obtained impedance data, then they are modeled as a bounded real function. Then this function is synthesized and the desired lossless matching network with initial element values is obtained. A double matching example is solved to illustrate the use of the proposed approach. It is seen that proposed approach provides suitable initials for CAD tools for final trimming.
Influence of body mass index on mindfulness awareness and coping methods for stress in adolescents
Authors: Kaymaz Nazan , Düzçeker Yasemin , Uzun Mehmet Erdem , Aylanç Hakan , Baştürk Meryem , Yıldırım Şule 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Objective:
Psychological state may affect the body weight through the hypothalamus and vice versa. The goal of this study is to investigate whether body mass index affect mindfulness awareness (MA) levels and type of coping with stress.

Methods:
Healthy adolescents were included in the study. The mindfulness attention awareness scale (MAAS), indicating the ways of coping checklist inventory was performed and body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) of adolescents were calculated. The influence of BMI on MA and ways of coping with stress was tested. According to BMI percentiles the study population was grouped as obese (including overweight), normal-weighted and underweight.

Results:
A total of 270 adolescents (mean age: 13.63±2.07 years; 165 female/105 male) participated in the study. No significant correlation was found between BMI and MA scores (r=−0.085; p=0.161) and coping strategies were not different between the groups. When MA scores are compared with stress coping methods, it appeares that participants with high awareness levels chose positive coping styles.

Conclusion:
BMI is not effective on MA levels and choice of stress coping methods. But the higher MA levels are associated with positive coping styles.
Adolescent workplace exposures reported to Texas poison centers
Authors: Ziqubu-Page Thandi , Forrester Mathias B. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Background:
Working adolescents, with less experience and less training than adults, may take more risks and get exposed to a wide variety of toxic substances in the workplace. They may get injured when working in inadequately ventilated areas or entering areas of exposure with improper or no protective equipment.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to describe adolescent occupational exposures reported to poison centers.

Subjects:
Occupational exposures reported to Texas poison centers during 2000–2015 where patients were 13–19 years in age.

Methods:
The distribution of the cases was determined for various factors.

Results:
There were 2430 adolescent occupational exposures. The most frequently reported major substance categories were chemicals (18%), household cleaning substances (18%), hydrocarbons (10%), and industrial cleaners (9%). Forty-five percent occurred during May–August. Males accounted for 66% of the patients; 27% were 18 years and 37% were 19 years. The most common exposure routes were inhalation (28%), dermal (27%), ingestion (26%), and ocular (24%). The patients were managed on site in 51% of the exposures. Twenty-three percent of the exposures had serious outcomes.

Conclusion:
Adolescents involved in occupational exposures tended to be male and older. Adolescent occupational exposures were likely to involve chemicals and household cleaning substances, occur by ingestion and ocular route, and likely to be managed on site. Most were not likely to have serious outcomes.
Micro-reactor for Non-catalyzed Esterification Reaction: Performance and Modeling
Authors: El Zanati E. , Abdallah H. , Elnahas G. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Y-shape micro-reactor is designed, developed and implemented to investigate the effect of reactor miniaturization on chemical engineering kinetics, where, an esterification reaction of fatty acid (2- ethyl hexanoic acid) is considered as a case study. In order to investigate the differential change of micro-reaction conversion along the channel axis; a micro-reactor with multi-channel is designed in a manner that enables collecting the samples. The kinetics of esterification reaction of ethanol and fatty acid was explored under various operating conditions; Molar Ratio (MR) of ethanol to fatty acid at temperatures 25–65 °C. The conversion reached almost 99.3 % after 30 s at MR 4:1 and 25 °C. Steady and unsteady state axial dispersion mathematical models were developed; the latter approach resulted in fair agreement with the experimental results.
Disaster Preparedness Resource Allocation and Technical Support for Native American Tribes in California
Authors: Lawrence Rachel I. , Adam Atif , Mann Semran K. , Bliss Walleska , Bliss Jesse C. , Randhawa Manjit 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
The evaluation aims to assess emergency preparedness (EP) among Native American tribes in California to inform future development of priorities and strategies for improvement. The analysis explores funding barriers and gaps in resource availability.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was designed to explore four aspects of EP: 1) perceptions of preparedness; 2) funding mechanisms; 3) resource availability; and 4) plans for future preparedness efforts. The survey was conducted online, by telephone, fax, or mail. Analysis includes National Incident Management System (NIMS) and Standardized Emergency Management System (SEMS) compliance, and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) approval of disaster mitigation plans.

Results and Discussion:
Findings represent 40% of the federally-recognized California tribes. Participants included: tribal chairpersons and administrators, emergency services managers, fire chiefs, police chiefs, and environmental directors. Results indicated low awareness of funding regulations and instructional opportunities yet high interest; high dependency on external EP response resources; and needed improvements in community involvement.

Conclusion:
Partnerships with local emergency preparedness and academic organizations and improved communication are recommended to bridge gaps in resources and awareness. This evaluation provides one of the first systematic assessments of EP achievements and gaps among Native American tribes in California. Future studies are needed to explore these preliminary findings.