bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Design Of Expert for the Development and Systematic Optimisation of L-Asparaginase loaded Nanoparticulate Carrier Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Sharma Gazal , Goyal Amit Kumar , Singh Anirudh Pratap 
Published: September 2024

L-Asparaginase (L-ASN) is a clinically approved chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and lymphosarcoma. The aim of this research study was to develop and to optimize solid lipid nanoparticle formulation loaded with enzyme L-Asparaginase using response surface methodology (RSM) [1]. The formulation was prepared by a modified double emulsion method followed by solvent evaporation technique using a combination of high-speed homogeniser (10000 rpm) and an automatic hotplate for a temperature 40°C. Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was involved in the study to establish and to understand the relationship between selected design factors and the experimental data thus obtained. A set of 29 formulations were prepared in triplicate based on the recommendations of BBD.[2] The desired results obtained were found to be in close agreement with the experimental results. The responses were ﬁtted to a quadratic; polynomial model. The statistical validation using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was done for the respective fitted models.[3] Response Surface Graphs and 3D contour plots were constructed to understand the effect of independent variables in different combinations on the desired responses. SLN prepared were found to be spherical in shape and the mean particle size ˂198 nm.[4] The polydispersity index (PDI) and the zeta potential recorded for the prepared formulation corresponding to the particle size was 0.096 ± 0.043 and −10.39 mV respectively. The enzyme drug loading was 10.11% ± 2.02 and the enzyme entrapment efficiency was found to be 76.19% ± 1.23. BBD found to be very effective in considering the effects of independent formulation variables to develop an optimised enzyme loaded SLN formulation with sufficient activity of the L-ASN enzyme.
Keywords: Solid Lipid Nanoparticle, Response Surface Methodology, Box-Behnken Design
Inhibition and Exploration of Bisphenol-A in Albino Mice: Endocrine Disrupting Agent
Authors: Mohsin Nehal , Middha Anil Kumar , Kumar Vinay 
Published: September 2024

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C15H16O2 and is made from phenol and acetone. It is a colorless solid that is soluble in organic solvents, but poorly soluble in water, having two phenol functional groups, it is used to make polycarbonate polymers and epoxy resins, along with other materials used to make plastics. Polycarbonate plastic is made by reacting BPA with phosgene. The mitochondrial toxicity was estimated by the assay of mitochondrial marker enzymes, by measuring the level of lipid peroxidation, GSH levels and levels of other antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, GR and SOD. Respiratory function of testicular mitochondria appears particularly susceptible to xenobiotic actions, which can contribute to a decrease in mitochondrial produced ATP and even to predispose cells to undergo mitochondria-mediated cell death. Our study showed that exposure to BPA induces significant oxidative stress in testicular mitochondria in mice and melatonin scavenges the free radicals. Human exposure to BPA is due to its widespread use, along with reproductive and developmental effects reported in animal study have generated considerable attention on this chemical in recent years. These aspects need further investigation in properly conducted studies with a wide dose range of BPA.
Keywords: Bisphenol A, Lipid Peroxidation, Antioxidant enzymes and EDCs.
AZELNIDIPINE: A REVIEW ON THERAPEUTIC ROLE IN HYPERTINSION
Authors: Shewale Vishal Uttam , Aher Smita S. , Saudagar Ravindranath B. 
Published: September 2024

Hypertension is the most common regulating risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and death; the increased risk associated with blood pressure (BP) elevation can be greatly reduced by treatment with antihypertensive drugs that lower both BP and related target organ damage. New Ca2+ channel antagonists have been recently developed, especially in the DHP compounds that have considerable higher vascular selectivity, slower onset and longer duration of hypotensive action. The antihypertensive effect of azelnidipine is primarily based on the inhibition of trans-membrane Ca2+ influx through the voltage-dependent channels of vascular smooth muscles. Ca2+ channels are categorized into several subtypes, including L-type, T-type, N-type, P/Q-type, and R-type Ca2+ channels depend on their electrophysiological properties. Clinical studies have demonstrated that azelnidipine markedly reduced heart rate and proteinuria in hypertensive patients by inhibiting sympathetic nerve activity. Azelnidipine has also been confirmed to have cardio-protective, neuroprotective, and anti-atherosclerotic properties, and has also been found to prevent insulin resistance.
RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride and Pantoprazole Sodium in Bulk and Capsule Dosage Form
Authors: Shaikh Siddiqua , Jadhav Prerana 
Published: September 2024

A simple, rapid, accurate and precise isocratic reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated for Simultaneous Estimation of Pantoprazole Sodium (PNT) and Amitriptyline Hydrochloride in Bulk and Capsule Dosage Form. In RP-HPLC method, the analyte were resolved by using isocratic program, methanol and phosphate buffer (80:20v/v) was used as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. on HPLC system containing UV-visible detector with Workstation software and cosmosil 18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm) column. The detection was carried out at 244nm. The retention times were 3.21 minutes and 4.20 minutes for Amitriptyline Hydrochloride and Pantoprazole Sodium respectively. Calibration plots were linearity was found 0.9995 and 0.9997 for Amitriptyline Hydrochloride and Pantoprazole Sodium. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, ruggedness and robustness. The proposed method was successfully used for simultaneous estimation of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride and Pantoprazole Sodium in capsule dosage form. Validation studies revealed that the proposed method is specific, rapid, reliable and reproducible. The high % recovery and low % RSD confirms the suitability of the proposed method for routine quality control analysis of Amitriptyline Hydrochloride and Pantoprazole Sodium in bulk and capsule dosage forms.
Keywords: RP-HPLC, Amitriptyline Hydrochloride and Pantoprazole Sodium, methanol, phosphate buffer.
Development and validation of stability indicating RP-HPLC method for estimation of Brexpiprazole from bulk and tablet form
Authors: Bhawar H.S , Thete Sanket , Shinde G. S. 
Published: September 2024

A sensitive, selective, rapid, precise, and economic stability indicating Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method were developed for the quantification of Brexpiprazole in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form was performed on Shimadzu Model HPLC 3000 series, using a mixture methanol and water (90:10, v/v) with OPA as mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. Detection was carried at 215nm. The retention time of Brexpiprazole was 5.099min. Linearity was observed over the concentration range of 10–50 μg/mL (R2 = 0.9989) with regression equation y = 71185x-482587.The Accuracy study was performed % recovery of Brexpiprazole. The % recovery was found to be 50%=100.13%,100%=99.58%,150%=99.84%.(NLT 98% and NMT 102%). The Relative standard deviation values for intraday precision and intraday precision were found to be less than 2% i.e. 0.25% and 0.40% respectively. Brexpiprazole was subjected to stress conditions (acidic, alkaline, oxidation and thermal degradation) and validated as per ICH guidelines. The validated method can be applied to perform long-term and accelerated stability studies of Brexpiprazole formulations.
Keywords: Brexpiprazole; Isocratic elution; Reversed-phase HPLC; Stability-indicating; Validation
Formulation Development and Evaluation of Emulgel of Clindamycin Phosphate for Effective Treatment of Acne
Authors: Ranjan Priya , Jain Vivek , Shende Shradha , Jain Prabhat Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Emulgel have emerged as one of the most interesting topical delivery system as it has dual release control system i.e. gel and emulsion. The topical applications of the drug offers the potential advantages of delivering the drug directly to the site of action and delivering the drug for extended period of time at the effected site that mainly acts at the related regions. The major objective behind this formulation is enhancing the topical delivery of hydrophobic drug (clindamycin phosphate) by formulating clindamycin phosphate emulgel using carbopol 941 as a gelling agent. In addition, light liquid paraffin as oil, tween-20 and span-20 as emulsifiers and propylene glycol as co-surfactant were selected for preparation of emulgel. Clindamycin phosphate is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of infections. It is of the lincosamide class. Clindamycin phosphate is a semi synthetic lincosamide antibiotic that has largely replaced lincomycin due to an improved side effect profile. Clindamycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunits. Topical clindamycin phosphate reduces free fatty acid concentrations on the skin and suppresses the growth of Propionibacterium acnes (Corynebacterium acnes), an anaerobe found in sebaceous glands and follicles. The prepared emulgel were evaluated for their physical appearance, pH determination, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, in vitro drug release, anti acne activity and stability. All the prepared emulgel showed acceptable physical properties, homogeneity, consistency, spreadability, viscosity and pH value. The best formulation F4 showed better antiacne activity when compared with all formulation.
Keywords: Emulgel, Clindamycin phosphate, Extrudability, Spreadability, Antiacne activity
Formulation and Evaluation Transdermal Patch of Hesperidin
Authors: Bhalerao Rasika A. , Bhalekar Mangesh R. , Damle Mrinalini C. 
Published: September 2024

The aim of the present study is to formulate and evaluate the transdermal patch of Hesperidin. In the present study, transdermal patch of Hesperidin were prepared by using HPMC E 5, Eudragit S 100 as a polymer, Dibutyl phthalate as a plasticizer and glycerin as a lubricant. Nine batches (F1-F9) were prepared by solvent evaporation method using methanol and chloroform in ratio 1:1 as a solvent. The prepared transdermal patches were evaluated on the basis of different parameters like weight, thickness, folding endurance, percent moisture content, drug content , in vitro drug release study. To confirm the optimised batch, the data were computed in design expert software. And it was concluded that the prepared formulation F5 batch showed highest percent of drug release.
Keywords: Transdermal drug delivery, Design expert, HPTLC, Hesperidin.
Formulation and Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Pomegranate Peel Extract
Authors: Damle Mrinalini C. , Bhalekar Mangesh R. , Rao Shivani , Godse Mayuri 
Published: September 2024

Nowadays, dental caries is one of major oral disease caused due to facultatively anaerobic, gram-positive Streptococcus mutans. Pomegranate peel powder extract is known to have activity against Streptococcusmutans. The ethanolic extract of pomegranate peel powder was tested against streptococcus mutans (MTCC 497t). The Minimum inhibitory concentrations was found to be 6.24 mg/ml. Chewable tablet containing 10х MIC of the pomegranate peel powder was tested by cup plate method for its antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans. The study concludes that pomegranate peel extract is a natural antibacterial source can be used in formulating chewable tablet which are better than chemical formulations specially mouth washes as stay-in-mouth time of these chewable tablet are extended ensuring good antibacterial activity with good organoleptic properties.
Keywords: Dental caries, Chewable tablet, Pomegranate peel, Streptococcus mutans.
Development of liposome encapsulated curcumin for treatment of arthritis
Authors: Khusbu , , Gupta Avinash Kumar , Gupta Manish Kumar , Sharma Vijay 
Published: September 2024

Liposomesof curcumin was prepared by Thin Film Hydration method (TFH) and Reverse Phase Evaporation Method (REV) methods and Freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles were carried out for liposomes prepared by both the methods, then optimized with regard to percentage drug entrapment by changing various process and formulation parameters, various compositions of optimized liposomal batches along with their PDE and mean vesicle size values are recorded. Prepared liposomes prior to size reduction were suitable for nasal delivery as then vesicle size distribution was in range of 10-20 pm that is required for nasal drug delivery. and finally optimized final batch parameter were evaluated and conclude ration of lipid and drug were-Drug: PC :CHOL (1:4:1), REV method followed by F-T cycles and Diethyl ether :water (5:1) solvent systems were used and PDE/D[4,3] before size reduction was 97.89±0 31/ 12.8±0.2 and PDE/D[4,3] after size reduction 98.3 ± 0.21/2.5 ± 0.01 were obtained. However, further processing for size reduction of liposomes was required for lung deposition in case of pulmonary drug deliver) and hence liposomes after size reduction to 3-5 pm were used for preparation of DPI formulations.
Keywords: Liposomes, Thin Film Hydration, Reverse Phase Evaporation and PDE
Induction of Apoptosis and Antiproliferative Activity of Alangium salviifolium against Non-melanoma and Melanoma Cancer Cells
Authors: Dhruve Preeti , Kale Raosaheb K. , Singh Rana P. 
Published: September 2024

Ayurveda is a traditional medicine of system in India which includes plants and plant-based products for treatment and cure of diseases. Alangium salviifolium is an ethnomedicinal plant and has been reported to be useful against skin cancer. In the present study, we used thee concentrations of methanolic bark extract of A. salviifolium (MBEAS) to evaluate its anticancer activity against epidermoid carcinoma A431cells and melanoma B16F10 cells. Assays performed were trypan blue dye exculsion to assess the cytotoxicity, colony formation for cell growth and AO/EtBr staining to check the apoptotic/necrotic effect of A. salviifolium on skin cancer cells. Exposure of cells to A. salviifolium for 24 h and 48 h strongly reduced the cell number of A431 and B16F10 cells, inhibited the colony formation ability and induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. The results from the study suggest the antiproliferative activity of A. salviifolium against both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer cells. Overall, it provides the needed scientific validity to its traditional use against skin cancer.
Keywords: Anticancer, ethnomedicine, antiproliferative, non-melanoma, melanoma.
Development and Validation of Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Estimation of Alogliptin and Metformin HCl Drug from Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Andhale Atul R. , Godage R.K. , Dighe A.S. 
Published: September 2024

The objective of the current study was to develop a simple, accurate, precise and rapid RP-HPLC method with subsequently validate as per ICH guidelines for the determination of Alogliptin benzoate and Metformin hydrochloride using mobile phase [mixture of Phosphate buffer- pH-3.6 and acetonitrile in the ratio of 65:35] as the solvent. The proposed method involves the measurement of Retention time at selected analytical wavelength. 235.0 nm was selected as the analytical wavelength. The retention time of ALO and MET was found to be 5.055 and 2.838 respectively. The linearity of the proposed method was investigated in the range of 1-5 μg/ml (r = 0.9998) for ALO and 10-50μg/ml (r = 0.9999) for MET respectively. The method was statistically validated for its linearity, accuracy and precision. Both inter-day and intra-day variation was found to be showing less % RSD (Relative Standard Deviation) value indicating high grade of precision of the method.
Keywords: RP-HPLC METHOD, Alogliptin benzoate, Metformin hydrocholiride, Validation.
Formulation and Evaluation of Anti-Acne Herbal Face Wash Gel
Authors: Yadav Samiksha , Gupta Mansi 
Published: September 2024

Acne is a chronic inflammatory disorder of pilosebaceous unit, which involves increased sebum production by sebaceous glands and abnormal desquamation of hair follicles occur in response to increasing androgen levels with the onset of puberty. Obstruction of follicles causes follicular distention which is often accompanied by the proliferation of the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes and the activation of an inflammatory response. The present work aimed to prepare the face wash gel containing Thai herbal extract.The plants have been reported in the literature having good anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Prepared formulation was evaluated for various parameters like colour, appearance, consistency, pH, viscosity, stability studies and consumer acceptance test. Results showed that the gels were non-irritant, stable and posses anti-acne activity. The efficacy when tested with a standard was almost same to that of polyherbal gel. Concluded that from this study, extract was proved to be stable and considered as an effective herbal formulation for acne treatment.
Keywords: Acne vulgaris, Anti-acne activity, Anti-microbial, Inflammatory response.
Effect of Different Extraction Conditions on Total Alkaloids, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content of Vigna mungo L hepper
Authors: Dhumal Jeevan Suresh , Chaudhari Sanjay R , Chavan Macchindra J 
Published: September 2024

Vigna mungo L Hepper is an important pulse crop cultivated in India. It is rich source of many nutritional compounds and it is an integral part of diet. Bioactive compounds like phenolic, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins etc. are present in the seeds. Objective is to determine the content of bioactive compounds present in the black gram seeds and to study effect of sample pretreatment, fractionation on total alkaloid, total phenolic and total flavonoids content. Three types of extracts were prepared by using ethanol as a solvent by using Soxhlet extractor. First Ethanolic extract (EE), second extract prepared from pretreated seeds with an acid (EEH) and third fraction from ethanolic extract (EF) were prepared. Total alkaloid content were determined spectrophometrically by using Bromocresol green using Atropine as a standard. Total phenolic content was estimated spectrophometrically by using Gallic acid as a standard. Quercetin was used as a standard for estimation of total flavonoids content. The total phenolic content of the EE, EF and EEH extract, was 20.0 ± 5.28, 21.03±5.04 and 17.8±5.77 Gallic acid equivalents/g respectively. The total flavonoid content of EE, EF and EEH extract was 166.7± 3.66, 304.2 ±3.48 and 112.5± 3.95 quercetin equivalents/g. The total alkaloid content of EE, EF and EEH extract, was 121.9±3.77, 154.8±3.60 and 202.1±3.49 Atropine equivalents/g. various treatments have effect on extraction of bioactive compounds. Extract from pretreated seeds with acid improved extraction of alkaloids. Fractionation of extract yield higher content of flavonoids and phenolic content than normal ethanolic extract. Hydrolysis of extract results in decreased concentration of flavonoids and phenolic.
Keywords: Alkaloid, Bioactive, Flavonoids, Phenolic, Vigna mungo
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VEGETABLE OIL BASED EMULGEL OF FLUCONAZOLE
Authors: Nailwal Disha , Chopra Himansu , Shrivastav Alankar , Ahmad Yusra 
Published: September 2024

Aim: The aim of the study was to prepare an emulgel formulation of fluconazole using vegetable oil (sesame oil) and compare with liquid paraffin Fluconazole emulgel. Emulgel has emerged as a promising drug delivery system for delivery of hydrophobic drug. Fluconazole is an anti- fungal medication use for a number of fungal infections it belong to a group of medicine called azole antibiotics. The edible oil is used as it has no side effects.
Method: The oil phase of emulsion was prepared by dissolving span 20 in light liquid paraffin and vegetable oil & drug. The aqeous phase is prepared by dissolving tween 80 in purified water. Methyl & Propyl gel phase was prepared by dispersing carbopol 940 in purified water & both phases are mixed with continuous stirring. The pH is adjusted using TEA (tri-ethanol-amine).
Results: The prepared emulgel was also evaluated for their physical properties, pH, drug content, viscosity, spreadability and swelling index. The pH of formulation with liquid paraffin & vegetable oil. The pH of formulation with liquid paraffin & edible oil pH in range 5 to 7.0 and the viscosity of both emulgel are almost same in range of 1134-2000 centipoises.
Conclusion: It was concluded that vegetable oil based emulgel are stable and effective and can be used instead of liquid paraffin based emulgel.
Keywords: Emulgel, Hydrophobic drug, Vegetable oil, Fluconazole, Topical drug delivery.
Scientific Coformer Screening, Preparation and Evaluation of Fenofibrate Tartaric Acid Cocrystal
Authors: Bhalekar Mangesh , Pradhan Sumedh Bandu 
Published: September 2024

Objective: This present study aims to screen pharmaceutical cocrystal of Fenofibrate and coformers. Further the preparation and evaluation of fenofibrate-coformer cocrystal and In-Vitro drug release and Ex-Vivo Permeation study was done. Material and Methods: The coformers for Fenofibrate were screened using molecular docking. The cocrystals produced were characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRPD) study and Infrared spectroscopy. Results: Cocrystal of Fenofibrate with tartaric acid was successfully prepared. The cocrystals displayed enhanced dissolution rate by 2.36 fold, similarly the ex-vivo drug uptake through everted chicken intestine model was improved by 4.38 fold. The formation of cocrystals of fenofibrate with tartaric acid was evaluated by DSC, IR and XRPD.
Conclusion: The fenofibrate - tartaric acid cocrystal exhibited increased % drug release and permeation compared to fenofibrate. This study confirms that selection of proper coformer is very vital step in preparation of stable, superior cocrystal. Based upon above study and results it revealed that cocrystallization offers a valuable way to improve the physicochemical properties of the API.
Keywords: Pharmaceutical Cocrystal, Fenofibrate , Coformer, Molecular docking.
PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF MARKHAMIA LUTEA (BENTH.) K.SCHUM
Authors: Aher Nitin Balkrishna , Chudhari Sanjay R , Chvan Machindra J 
Published: September 2024

Markhamia lutea (Benth.).K.Schum synonym Dolichondron lutea is belonging to family BIGNONIACEAE. Plant is commonly known as Bell Bean Tree, Nile Tulip Tree, Siala. Markhamia lutea native to Malawi, Tanzania, South Africa, Namibia and India. It is found in bushveld, in riverine fringes, and many times on rocky ridges and on slopes of hill. It is also planted as ornamental plant in Gardens. It is an upright evergreen tree which grows upto 10-16 m high. Traditionally the root barks are used in the treatment of anemia, diarrhea and backache. Marhamia lutea is reported for potential antimicrobial activity, Anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, anthelmintic, analgesic, anti-viral, and anti-fungal activity. The present study reveals the pharmacognostic account and Phytochemical investigations of Markhamia lutea (BENTH.) K.SCHUM

KEYWORDS: Markhamia lutea,Morphology,Microscopy,Terpenoids,Glycosides,Favonoids