bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the RET,GDNF, EDN3, andEDNRB genes in patients with intestinal neuronal dysplasia and Hirschsprung disease
Authors: Gath R , Goessling A , Keller K-M , Koletzko S , Coerdt W , Müntefering H , Wirth S , Hofstra R M W , Mulligan L , Eng C , von Deimling A 
Published: July 2002

BACKGROUNDHirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a frequent congenital disorder with an incidence of 1 in 5000 live births, characterised by the absence of parasympathetic intramural ganglion cells in the hindgut resulting in intestinal obstruction in neonates and severe constipation in infants and adults. Intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) shares clinical features with HSCR but the submucosal parasympathetic plexus is affected. IND has been proposed as one of the most frequent causes of chronic constipation and is often associated with HSCR.METHODSWe examined 29 patients diagnosed with sporadic HSCR, 20 patients with IND, and 12 patients with mixed HSCR/IND for mutations in the coding regions of theRET, GDNF,EDNRB, and EDN3genes. The entire coding regions were analysed by single strand conformational polymorphism and DNA sequencing.RESULTSOnly threeRET mutations were detected in patients with HSCR. In patients with IND or a mixed HSCR/IND phenotype, no mutations in these genes were observed. While HSCR and HSCR/IND showed over representation of a specific RET polymorphism in exon 2, IND exhibited a significantly lower frequency comparable with that of controls.CONCLUSIONSThe mutation frequency found in our sporadic HSCR patients (10%) and the allelic distribution of RET polymorphisms are comparable with earlier published data. A significantly different allelic distribution in an established HSCR associated polymorphism argues against common genetic pathways for HSCR and IND.
Hyperkalaemic quadriparesis secondary to chronic diclofenac treatment
Authors: Patel P , Mandal B , Greenway M W 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
A 76 year old woman presented with a quadriparesis associated with hyperkalaemia. She had a 10 month history of treatment with oral diclofenac sodium. On admission she had hyperkalaemic metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap and mild renal impairment. Her weakness resolved after withdrawal of diclofenac and medical correction of her hyperkalaemia. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are known to cause hyperkalaemic acidosis and should be used with caution, especially in the presence of renal impairment.
MEN-2A syndrome and pulmonary metastasis
Authors: Alfaro J J , Lamas C , Estrada J , Lucas T 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
A case of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type-2A (MEN-2A) with primary hyperparathyroidism and medullary carcinoma of thyroid initially treated by surgery is reported. The presence of pulmonary nodules six years after the initial treatment was thought to be related to metastasis of medullary carcinoma, and the increase in serum calcium concentrations was assumed to be caused by persistence of parathyroid adenomatous or hyperplastic tissue. The patient underwent surgery again and the pulmonary nodules were confirmed to be metastases of a parathyroid carcinoma, a very rare entity in MEN-2A syndrome.
POSITRONIUM DECAY: GAUGE INVARIANCE AND ANALYTICITY
Authors: PESTIEAU J. , SMITH C. , TRINE S. 
Published: July 2002

The construction of positronium decay amplitudes is handled through the use of dispersion relations. In this way, emphasis is put on basic QED principles: gauge invariance and soft-photon limits (analyticity).A firm grounding is given to the factorization approaches, and some ambiguities in the spin and energy structures of the positronium wave function are removed. Nonfactorizable amplitudes are naturally introduced. Their dynamics are described, especially regarding the enforcement of gauge invariance and analyticity through delicate interferences. The important question of the completeness of the present theoretical predictions for the decay rates is then addressed. Indeed, some of those nonfactorizable contributions are unaccounted for by NRQED analyses. However, it is shown that such new contributions are highly suppressed, being of [Formula: see text].Finally, a particular effective form factor formalism is constructed for parapositronium, allowing a thorough analysis of binding energy effects and analyticity implementation.
VIEWPOINTS ON MODIFIABILITY
Authors: LASSING NICO , RIJSENBRIJ DAAN , VAN VLIET HANS 
Published: July 2002

Software architecture is generally regarded as an important tool to achieve systems of higher quality. It is claimed that the foundation for a system's quality is laid by the decisions made in the software architecture. A question that is occupying both researchers and practitioners is in which areas should decisions be made in the software architecture? We believe architectural view models play an important role in the answer to this question. View models consist of a coherent set of architectural views. These view models have both a prescriptive and a descriptive role in the development process. Their prescriptive role is that they call for a number of aspects to be considered when defining a software architecture and their descriptive role is that they provide a framework to document a software architecture. Currently, a number of view models exist, the most important of which are the 4+1 View Model of Kruchten and the four views by Soni et al. In our experience with modifiability analysis for business information systems we found that the views in current view models do not include all information required. In this paper we discuss the views we found useful for architecture level impact analysis of business information systems. They are illustrated using a case study we performed for the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration. We claim that when these views are required for architecture level impact analysis, the decisions they capture should also be considered during architecture development.
MINIMISING THE BOUNDARIES OF PUNCTURED PROJECTIVE PLANES IN S3
Authors: DOMERGUE MICHEL , MATIGNON DANIEL 
Published: July 2002

This paper concerns 3-manifolds X obtained by Dehn surgery on a knot in S 3, in particular those which contain embedded projective planes. Either, they are homeomorphic to the 3-real projeclive space ℝ P 3, or they are reducible. Let p be the number of intersections of a projective plane in X with the core of the solid torus added during surgery. We prove here that either X is reducible or p is bigger than or equal to five. Consequently, if X is homeomorphic to ℝ P 3 then all its projective planes are pierced at least in five points by the core of the surgery. This result is considered as a step towards showing that ℝ P 3 cannot be obtained by a Dehn surgery along a knot in S 3.
From under the rubble
Authors: Goodman Seymour E. 
Published: July 2002

How does an entire country return to life?
The dictatorship of Nicolae and Elena Ceaucescu turned Romania into a political, social and economic wasteland that was vividly pictured in the world media after the overthrow of the Stalinist couple in December 1989. Their regime left the country in shambles: with an old or mangled physical plant, a currency worthless abroad and nearly worthless at home, a legacy of secret police abuses, terrible health and sanitary conditions, and a highly centralized, warped, and inefficient scientific and industrial infrastructure.
Confluence properties of weak and strong calculi of explicit substitutions
Authors: Curien Pierre-Louis , Hardin Thérèse , Lévy Jean-Jacques 
Published: July 2002

Categorical combinators [Curien 1986/1993; Hardin 1989; Yokouchi 1989] and more recently λσ-calculus [Abadi 1991; Hardin and Le´vy 1989], have been introduced to provide an explicit treatment of substitutions in the λ-calculus. We reintroduce here the ingredients of these calculi in a self-contained and stepwise way, with a special emphasis on confluence properties. The main new results of the paper with respect to Curien [1986/1993], Hardin [1989], Abadi [1991], and Hardin and Le´vy [1989] are the following:
(1) We present a confluent weak calculus of substitutions, where no variable clashes can be feared;
(2) We solve a conjecture raised in Abadi [1991]: λσ-calculus is not confluent (it is confluent on ground terms only).

This unfortunate result is “repaired” by presenting a confluent version of λσ-calculus, named the λ
Env
-caldulus in Hardin and Le´vy [1989], called here the confluent λσ-calculus.
MECHANISTIC ASPECTS OF ENZYMATIC CATALYSIS: Lessons from Comparison of RNA and Protein Enzymes
Authors: Narlikar Geeta J. , Herschlag Daniel 
Published: July 2002

A classic approach in biology, both organismal and cellular, is to compare morphologies in order to glean structural and functional commonalities. The comparative approach has also proven valuable on a molecular level. For example, phylogenetic comparisons of RNA sequences have led to determination of conserved secondary and even tertiary structures, and comparisons of protein structures have led to classifications of families of protein folds. Here we take this approach in a mechanistic direction, comparing protein and RNA enzymes. The aim of comparing RNA and protein enzymes is to learn about fundamental physical and chemical principles of biological catalysis. The more recently discovered RNA enzymes, or ribozymes, provide a distinct perspective on long-standing questions of biological catalysis. The differences described in this review have taught us about the aspects of RNA and proteins that are distinct, whereas the common features have helped us to understand the aspects that are fundamental to biological catalysis. This has allowed the framework that was put forth by Jencks for protein catalysts over 20 years ago ( 1 ) to be extended to RNA enzymes, generalized, and strengthened.
Relations between the Neural Bases of Dynamic Auditory Processing and Phonological Processing: Evidence from fMRI
Authors: Poldrack Russell A. , Temple Elise , Protopapas Athanassios , Nagarajan Srikantan , Tallal Paula , Merzenich Michael , Gabrieli John D. E. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine how the brain responds to temporal compression of speech and to determine whether the same regions are also involved in phonological processes associated with reading. Recorded speech was temporally compressed to varying degrees and presented in a sentence verification task. Regions involved in phonological processing were identified in a separate scan using a rhyming judgment task with pseudowords compared to a lettercase judgment task. The left inferior frontal and left superior temporal regions (Broca's and Wernicke's areas), along with the right inferior frontal cortex, demonstrated a convex response to speech compression; their activity increased as compression increased, but then decreased when speech became incomprehensible. Other regions exhibited linear increases in activity as compression increased, including the middle frontal gyri bilaterally. The auditory cortices exhibited compression-related decreases bilaterally, primarily reflecting a decrease in activity when speech became incomprehensible. Rhyme judgments engaged two left inferior frontal gyrus regions (pars triangularis and pars opercularis), of which only the pars triangularis region exhibited significant compression-related activity. These results directly demonstrate that a subset of the left inferior frontal regions involved in phonological processing is also sensitive to transient acoustic features within the range of comprehensible speech.
DIVINE NARCISSISM AND YAHWEH'S PARENTING STYLE
Authors: Lasine Stuart 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTheologians like Blumenthal, Brueggemann, and Chastain have recently stressed the abusive and sometimes capricious nature of Yahweh's actions toward his people, at times using studies of present-day child abuse to bolster their case. Predictably, such indictments of Yahweh have met with considerable resistance. This paper assesses the proposed analogy between Yahweh's behavior and that of abusive parents, by making more extensive use of the psychological literature on child abuse and trauma. The discussion also moves in a new direction, by employing recent research on narcissistic parenting to analyze Yahweh's behavior as father (and mother) to his "special" child Israel and his unique son Job. Passages in which Yahweh is said to love or hate his human children are examined in terms of psychological studies of parental ambivalence, narcissism and emotional "splitting." The final section of the paper examines the relationship between Yahweh's own lack of a family history and his narcissism, in part by comparing the unique and parentless divine king Yahweh with the Egyptian god Amun. The paper concludes by contrasting the single parent Yahweh with Assmann's characterization of ancient polytheisms, and asking whether monotheism itself is the most dramatic example of divine royal narcissism.
LE MALÉKISME ET LES CONDITIONS REQUISES POUR L'EXERCICE DE LA JUDICATURE
Authors: Carmona Alfonso 
Published: July 2002

AbstractLe cordouan Ibn Rushd al-Jadd (ob. 520/1126) est le premier, à l'école malékite, à formuler une division tripartite des conditions de capacité pour l'exercice de la judicature: 1) conditions essentielles pour la validité de la nomination, dont l'absence infirmerait toutes les sentences prononcées par celui qui aurait été nommé sans capacité légale; 2) conditions essentielles pour exercer la charge, dont l'absence rendrait obligatoire la destitution, mais pas l'annulation des jugements; et 3) qualités souhaitables chez un juge. Cette division est reprise par le qādī Iyād (ob. 544/1149), mais sa liste n'est pas tout à fait la même que celle du muftī de Cordoue. Ibn Rushd al-Hafīd, le célèbre Averroès (ob. 590/1194), pour sa part, répétera la formulation de son grand-père, établissant lui aussi une distinction entre jawāz al-wilāya (validité de la nomination) et istimrār al-wilāya (capacité pour remplir la fonction). L'étude qui suit essaie de montrer les précédents de cette doctrine surtout à l'intérieur de l'école mālikī.
THE MYTHOLOGICAL PROVENANCE OF ISA. XIV 12-15: A RECONSIDERATION OF THE UGARITIC MATERIAL
Authors: Heiser Michael 
Published: July 2002

AbstractMany scholars of the Hebrew Bible have postulated that the source of the taunt-song of Isa. xiv 12-15 is to be found in Ugaritic religious literature. Many of these scholars believe that the passage contains elements of both El and Ba'al myths, an assumption that leads them to discount the proposition that all the mythological strands of Isa. xiv 12-15 can be correlated with a single Ugaritic myth. Still others contend that only a single myth concerning the usurpation of El can account for all of the mythological features. This article disputes both of these positions, arguing that no usurpation of El is in view, and that the mythological provenance of Isa. xiv 12-15 can be entirely correlated with the Ba'al-'Athtar myth.
RESUMPTION OF SEXUAL ACTIVITY AFFECTS MOTHER-INFANT INTERACTIONS IN JAPANESE MACAQUES
Authors: Schino Gabriele , Majolo Bonaventura , Ventura Raffaella , Troisi Alfonso 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
This study evaluated the responses of infant Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) to their mother's resumption of mating. Mothers and infants were observed before, during and after the mating season. Observations carried out during the mating season were subdivided according to the mother's consort activity with mature males. During consorts, significant decrements in mother-infant ventroventral contact and proximity, and in the roles played by mothers in maintaining contact and proximity were observed, while maternal rejection increased significantly. Social behaviour of infants and allomaternal care they received were unaffected by the mother's consort activity. Effects of consorts were more evident in female than in male infants, but were not influenced by the infant age or by the quality of the relationship it had with its mother before the mating season. These results do not support the hypothesis that the effects of the mother's resumption of mating may parallel those of experimental mother-infant separation.
MOLECULAR GENETIC ANALYSIS OF REMATING FREQUENCIES AND SPERM COMPETITION IN THE SCORPIONFLY PANORPA VULGARIS (IMHOFF AND LABRAM)
Authors: Sauer Klaus Peter , Epplen Conny , Over Iris , Lubjuhn Thomas , Schmidt Afra , Gerken Thomas , Epplen Jörg Thomas 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Sperm competition can be a powerful selective force in the evolution of mating systems. The level of sperm competition depends on the remating frequency of females. Several scorpionfly species have been studied with respect to their mating systems. However, remating frequencies and lifetime patterns of sperm usage are completely unknown. Members of the genus Panorpa (Panorpidae: Mecoptera) display a particularly interesting range of mating systems, and Panorpa vulgaris was selected for study. Remating frequencies of wildcaught females were estimated (a) by comparing sperm quantities in females caught early and late in the season with mean number of sperm transferred by males in one copulation, and (b) by polymorphic microsatellite loci. The paternity of offspring produced during the entire lifetime of females in the lab was determined using three polymorphic microsatellite loci. More than 1200 individuals, collected both from wild and from captivity-bred P. vulgaris , were typed for paternity analyses. Microsatellite typing as well as comparison of sperm quantities showed (1) that females mated with several males and (2) that the number of mates increased with progressive lifetime. Some females were observed in captivity during their entire lifetime and the complete mating activities were recorded. Analysis of their offspring showed that females allocate paternity in proportion to male copulation duration. Remating and sperm mixing may allow females to gain "high quality" genes for their offspring when females adjust copulation duration to male quality.
HIGH AMPHIPODA SPECIES RICHNESS IN THE NERT GROUNDWATER SYSTEM (SOUTHERN FRANCE)
Authors: Danielopol Dan , Bou Claude , Rouch Raymond 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTwo types of habitats in the alluvial sediments of the Nert stream (a tributary of the Salat, in the Garonne drainage basin) were investigated. In the hyporheic habitat, six stygobite amphipod species (Salentinella gineti, S. petiti, Parasalentinella rouchi, Niphargus pachypus, N. gineti, and Ingolfiella thibaudi) were caught, during a 13 month sampling campaign and within an area of 30 m2 (sampled at 0.6 m and 1.0 m depth). With the aid of two piezometres, located in the alluvial plain (15-20 m removed from the stream), the previous six species were found again over a six month sampling period, and another stygobite amphipod, Niphargus robustus was caught, too. The quantitative micro-spatial distributions of the amphipods are presented, and the origin of this unusually large local biodiversity is discussed. Deux types d'habitat dans les sediments alluviaux du Nert (affluent du Salat dans le bassin de la Garonne) on ete etudies. Dans l'habitat hyporheique, six especes d'Amphipodes on ete recoltees (Salentinella gineti, S. petiti, Parasalentinella rouchi, Niphargus pachypus, N. gineti, Ingolfiella thibaudi) lors d'une campagne de prelevements d'une duree de 13 mois au cours de laquelle une aire de 30 m2 a ete prospectee a 0,6 m et 1,0 m de profondeur. Dans la plaine alluviale, deux piezometres situes a respectivement 15 et 20 metres du cours d'eau on fait l'objet de prelevements pendant une periode de six mois. Outre les six especes precitees, un autre Amphipode stygobie Niphargus robustus, a ete decouvert. La distribution spatiale quantitative de ces especes d'Amphipodes est presentee et l'origine de cette biodiversite locale elevee est egalement discutee.
Endotokia matricida in hermaphrodites of Heterorhabditis spp. and the effect of the food supply
Authors: Johnigk Stefan-Andreas , Ehlers Ralf-Udo 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIntra-uterine birth causing maternal death (endotokia matricida) is relatively common in rhabditid nematodes and typical for entomopathogenic nematodes of the genus Heterorhabditis. A detailed description of this phenomenon is given, including a summary of embryo development, egg-laying, juvenile hatching and development. It is demonstrated that low food supply significantly promotes the beginning of endotokia matricida but has no influence on the time scale of the process. The biological function of endotokia matricida and the intra-uterine induction of the dauer formation is discussed. Endotokia matricida in Heterorhabditis spp. is a well synchronised process of the destruction of the maternal tissues correlated with the juvenile development including the uptake of the symbiotic bacteria by the late pre-dauer stage. It secures the development of dauer juveniles at a moment when the external food supply is reducing and provides offspring which are well equipped with energy reserves and symbiotic bacteria for long term survival and subsequent infection of insects in the soil. Endotokia matricida bei Hermaphroditen von Heterorhabditis spp. und der Einfluss der Nahrungsversorgung . - Der Schlupf juveniler Nematoden im mutterlichen Uterus mit anschliessender Totung des Muttertieres (endotokia matricida) ist relativ weit verbreitet bei rhabditiden Nematoden und typisch fur entomopathogene Nematoden der Gattung Heterorhabditis. Die Endotokia matricida wird beschrieben sowie die Embryonalentwicklung, das Eilegeverhalten, der Schlupf und die Entwicklung der Juvenilen. Der Beginn der endotokia matricida wird durch eine niedrige Nahrungsverfugbarkeit in der Kultur signifikant gefordert, diese hat jedoch keinen Einfluss auf den zeitlichen Ablauf der endotokia matricida. Die biologische Funktion der endotokia matricida und die intra-uterine Induktion der Dauerlarvenbildung werden diskutiert. Die endotokia matricida bei Heterorhabditis spp. ist ein gut synchronisierter Prozess, bei dem die Zerstorung des Muttertiers korreliert mit der Entwicklung der Juvenilstadien, einschliesslich der Aufnahme der symbiotischen Bakterien durch das Pra-Dauer Stadium. Sie sichert die Entwicklung von Dauerlarven zu einem Zeitpunkt, wenn die externe Nahrungsversorgung sich verschlechtert und bringt so Nachkommen hervor, die gut mit Energiereserven und symbiotischen Bakterien ausgestattet sind, um im Boden lange zu uberdauern und Insekten zu befallen.
IS IT OR ISN'T IT? PHENOMENOLOGY AS DESCRIPTIVE PSYCHOLOGY IN THE LOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: Scanlon John 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis article looks back at some aspects of the heritage of Edmund Husserl's Logical Investigations on the occasion of that work's centennial, following some clues Husserl offered in his own 1925 retrospective evaluation. The themes pursued are: Dilthey's surprisingly enthusiastic appreciation of the work; Husserl's subsequent recognition of the kernel of truth in psychologism; the complex question of phenomenology as descriptive psychology; and, finally, the distinctive view of mental life introduced in that work.