bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An update on the growing evidence base for peer support
Authors: Bellamy Chyrell , Schmutte Timothy , Davidson Larry 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
As peer support services have become increasingly used in mental health settings as a recovery-oriented practice, so has the body of published research on this approach to care. The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on the current evidence base for peer support for adults with mental illness in two domains: mental health and recovery, and physical health and wellness.

Design/methodology/approach
To provide a robust, non-redundant, and up-to-date review, first the authors searched for meta-analyses and systematic reviews. Second, the authors found individual studies not included in any of the reviews.

Findings
Peer services are generally equally effective to services provided by non-peer paraprofessionals on traditional clinical outcomes. Although some studies found peer services to be effective at reducing hospitalization rates and symptom severity, as a whole, the current evidence base is confounded by heterogeneity in programmatic characteristics and methodological shortcomings. On the other hand, the evidence is stronger for peer support services having more of a positive impact on levels of hope, empowerment, and quality of life.

Research limitations/implications
In addition to the need for further high-quality research on peer support in mental and physical health domains, the authors also question whether measures of hope, empowerment, and integration into the community are more relevant to recovery than traditional clinical outcomes.

Originality/value
This paper provides an original, robust, and up-to-date review of the evidence for peer services.
On the role of different annealing heat treatments on mechanical properties and microstructure of selective laser melted and conventional wrought Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Khorasani AmirMahyar , Gibson Ian , Goldberg Moshe , Littlefair Guy 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to conduct various heat treatments (HT) such as stress relief annealing, mill annealing, recrystallization (α + β) annealing and β annealing followed by furnace cooling (FC) that were implemented to determine the effect of these on mechanical properties and the microstructure of selective laser melted and wrought samples. The mentioned annealings have been carried out to achieve the related standards in the fabrication of surgery implants.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, based on F2924-14 ASTM standard SLM and conventionally wrought parts were prepared. Then HT was performed and different characteristics such as microstructure, mechanical properties, macro-hardness and fracture surface for selective laser melted and wrought parts were analysed.

Findings
The results show that the high cooling rate in selective laser melting (SLM) generates finer grains. Therefore, tensile strength and hardness increase along with a reduction in ductility was noticed. Recrystallization annealing appears to give the best combination of ductility, strength and hardness for selective laser melted parts, whilst for equivalent wrought samples, increasing HT temperature results in reduction of mechanical properties.

Originality/value
The contributions of this paper are discussing the effect of different annealing on mechanical properties and microstructural evolution based on new ASTM standards for selective laser melted samples and comparing them with wrought parts.
Bond and part strength in fused deposition modeling
Authors: Coogan Timothy J. , Kazmer David Owen 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors governing bond strength in fused deposition modeling (FDM) compared to strength in the fiber direction.

Design/methodology/approach
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) boxes with the thickness of a single fiber were made at different platform and nozzle temperatures, print speeds, fiber widths and layer heights to produce multiple specimens for measuring the strength.

Findings
Specimens produced with the fibers oriented in the tensile direction had 95 per cent of the strength of the constitutive filament. Bond strengths ranged from 40 to 85 per cent of the filament strength dependent on the FDM processing conditions. Diffusion, wetting and intimate contact all separately affect bond strength.

Practical implications
This study provides processing recommendations for producing the strongest FDM parts. The needs for higher nozzle temperatures and more robust feed motors are described; these recommendations can be useful for companies producing FDM products as well as companies designing FDM printers.

Originality/value
This is the first study that discusses wetting and intimate contact separately in FDM, and the results suggest that a fundamental, non-empirical model for predicting FDM bond strength can be developed based on healing models. Additionally, the role of equilibration time at the start of extrusion as well as a motor torque limitation while trying to print at high speeds are described.
Approaches to minimize overhang angles of SLM parts
Authors: Cloots Michael , Zumofen Livia , Spierings Adriaan Bernardus , Kirchheim Andreas , Wegener Konrad 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
For geometries exhibiting overhanging surfaces, support structures are needed to dissipate process heat and to minimize geometrical distortions attributed to internal stresses. The use of support structures is often time- and cost-consuming. For this reason, this study aims to propose an approach which minimizes the use of such structures.

Design/methodology/approach
For minimizing the use of support structures, process parameters in combination with a contour-like exposure strategy are developed to realize support-less overhanging structures of less than 35°. These parameters are implemented in a shell-core strategy, which follows the idea of applying different processing strategies to the critical (overhanging) shell and the uncritical core of the part. Thereby, the core is processed with standard parameters, aiming a dense material. On the critical shell, optimized processing parameters are applied, reaching good results in terms of surface quality, especially at extreme overhang situations.

Findings
The results show that the selective laser melting (SLM) technology is able to realize support-less overhanging surfaces by choosing suitable scan strategies and process parameters. Particularly good results are always obtained when the exposure direction of the shell is parallel to the contour of the sample.

Originality/value
The validity of the results is demonstrated through the successful reproduction of the build strategy on two commercial SLM machines, reaching support-free builds of surfaces with an angle to the horizontal of less than or equal to 30°.
Modeling porous structures with fractal rough topography based on triply periodic minimal surface for additive manufacturing
Authors: Xu Zhijia , Wang Qinghui , Li Jingrong 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a general mathematic approach to model the microstructures of porous structures produced by additive manufacturing (AM), which will result in fractal surface topography and higher roughness that have greater influence on the performance of porous structures.

Design/methodology/approach
The overall shapes of pores were modeled by triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS), and the micro-roughness details attached to the overall pore shapes were represented by Weierstrass–Mandelbrot (W-M) fractal representation, which was integrated with TPMS along its normal vectors. An index roughly reflecting the irregularity of fractal TPMS was proposed, based on which the influence of the fractal parameters on the fractal TPMS was qualitatively analyzed. Two complex samples of real porous structures were given to demonstrate the feasibility of the model.

Findings
The fractal surface topography should not be neglected at a micro-scale level. In addition, a decrease in the fractal dimension Ds may exponentially make the topography rougher; an increase in the height-scaling parameter G may linearly increase the roughness; and the number of the superposed ridges has no distinct influence on the topography. Furthermore, the synthesis method is general for all implicit surfaces.

Practical implications
The method provides an alternative way to shift the posteriori design paradigm of porous media to priori design mode through numeric simulation. Therefore, the optimization of AM process parameters, as well as the porous structure, can be potentially realized according to specific functional requirement.

Originality/value
The synthesis of TPMS and W-M fractal geometry was accomplished efficiently and was general for all implicit freeform surfaces, and the influence of the fractal parameters on the fractal TPMS was analyzed more systematically.
Direct-print photopolymerization for 3D printing
Authors: Vatani Morteza , Choi Jae-Won 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This work aims to present a guideline for ink development used in extrusion-based direct-write (DW) (also referred to as direct-print [DP]) technique and combine the extrusion with instant photopolymerization to present a solvent-free DP photopolymerization (DPP) method to fill the gap between 3D printing and printing multi-functional 3D structures.

Design/methodology/approach
A DP process called DPP was developed by integration of a screw-driven micro-dispenser into XYZ translation stages. The process was equipped with direct photopolymerization to facilitate the creation of 3D structures. The required characteristics of inks used in this technique were simulated through dispersion of fumed silica particles into photocurable resins to transform them into viscoelastic inks. The characterization method of these inks and the required level of shear thinning and thixotropic properties is presented.

Findings
Shear thinning and thixotropic properties are necessary components of the inks used in DPP process and other DP techniques. These properties are desirable to facilitate printing and filament shape retention. Extrusion of viscoelastic inks out of a nozzle generates a filament capable of retaining its geometry. Likewise, instant photopolymerization of the dispensed filaments prevents deformation due to the weight of filaments or accumulated weight of layers.

Originality/value
The DPP process with material-reforming methods has been shown, where there remain many shortcomings in realizing a DP-based 3D printing process with instant photopolymerization in existing literature, as well as a standard guideline and material requirements. The suggested method can be extended to develop a new commercial 3D printing system and printable inks to create various functional 3D structures including sensors, actuators and electronics, where nanoparticles are involved for their functionalities. Particularly, an original contribution to the determination of a rheological property of an ink is provided.
Microstructure and mechanical property of selective laser melted Ti6Al4V dependence on laser energy density
Authors: Han Jie , Yang Jingjing , Yu Hanchen , Yin Jie , Gao Ming , Wang Zemin , Zeng Xiaoyan 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the influence of laser energy density on microstructure and mechanical properties of the selective laser melted (SLMed) Ti6Al4V to complement the existing knowledge in additive manufacturing of Ti6Al4V for future application of selective laser melting (SLM) in fabricating Ti6Al4V parts.

Design/methodology/approach
Ti6Al4V alloy is fabricated by SLM by adopting various energy densities. Microstructures and mechanical properties of the Ti6Al4V deposited using different energy densities are characterized.

Findings
Both high relative densities and microhardness can be obtained in the optimized processing window. The decrease of martensite width and spacing can improve the microhardness on both XOY and XOZ sections when the applied EV (defined as the laser energy per unit volume) increases. The width of the columnar grain increases with EV, resulting in a stronger anisotropy in microhardness between XOY and XOZ sections. Residual tensile stresses exist in the SLMed Ti6Al4V and increase with an increasing EV. A tensile strength of 1,268 MPa, a yield strength of 1,030 MPa, and an elongation of 4% can be obtained by using the optimized range of EV.

Originality/value
The microstructure of SLMed Ti6Al4V is quantitatively analysed by measuring the size of columnar grains and the martensites. The anisotropy of microstructures and properties in SLMed Ti6Al4V is characterized and its dependence on laser energy density is established. The residual stress in SLMed Ti6Al4V is characterized and its dependence on laser energy density is established. An optimized processing window to deposit Ti6Al4V alloy by SLM is proposed.
A boutique personal librarian program for transfer students
Authors: Lafrance Helene , Kealey Shannon B. 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the planning, implementation and assessment of a personal librarian (PL) program for transfer students at a four-year private university. It highlights best practices to ensure the success of such a program, emphasizes the importance of collaboration with other campus units and explores the possible applications for other underserved student populations.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explains why the PL model is particularly appropriate to serve the needs of transfer students. It clearly describes the assessment methods to evaluate such a program and proposes best practices to ensure success and sustainability.FindingsTransfer students respond very positively to a PL program as shown by the number of interactions they have with their PLs and their responses to a survey. Librarians also appreciate the chance to develop meaningful relationships with students despite the addition to their workload.Practical implicationsInstitutions looking at ways to reach out to transfer students or other underserved populations can easily adapt the PL program described here.Originality/valueThe PL concept is not new but, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time it has been applied to transfer students. The program described here is also unique because of its “boutique” approach, which emphasizes customization and personalization.
Information literacy needs of community college students in transition: a literature review
Authors: Nelson Elizabeth 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This literature review aims to look at the unique role of community colleges as they address the information literacy needs of their students, who are by nature continuously in transition to and from the institution.

Design/methodology/approach
Library science databases and online sources were reviewed for relevant information.

Findings
Community colleges are addressing the needs of their various student populations in a variety of ways.

Originality/value
The role of the community college library is underrepresented in the literature. This review provides more information about the unique role that community colleges fill in the higher education ecosystem.
Cooperation in microbial communities and their biotechnological applications
Authors: Cavaliere Matteo , Feng Song , Soyer Orkun S. , Jiménez José I. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryMicrobial communities are increasingly utilized in biotechnology. Efficiency and productivity in many of these applications depends on the presence of cooperative interactions between members of the community. Two key processes underlying these interactions are the production of public goods and metabolic cross‐feeding, which can be understood in the general framework of ecological and evolutionary (eco‐evo) dynamics. In this review, we illustrate the relevance of cooperative interactions in microbial biotechnological processes, discuss their mechanistic origins and analyse their evolutionary resilience. Cooperative behaviours can be damaged by the emergence of ‘cheating’ cells that benefit from the cooperative interactions but do not contribute to them. Despite this, cooperative interactions can be stabilized by spatial segregation, by the presence of feedbacks between the evolutionary dynamics and the ecology of the community, by the role of regulatory systems coupled to the environmental conditions and by the action of horizontal gene transfer. Cooperative interactions enrich microbial communities with a higher degree of robustness against environmental stress and can facilitate the evolution of more complex traits. Therefore, the evolutionary resilience of microbial communities and their ability to constraint detrimental mutants should be considered to design robust biotechnological applications.
Manganese transport is essential for N2‐fixation by Rhizobium leguminosarum in bacteroids from galegoid but not phaseoloid nodules
Authors: Hood Graham , Ramachandran Vinoy , East Alison K. , Downie J. Allan , Poole Philip S. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryRhizobium leguminosarum has two high‐affinity Mn2+ transport systems encoded by sitABCD and mntH. In symbiosis, sitABCD and mntH were expressed throughout nodules and also strongly induced in Mn2+‐limited cultures of free‐living cells. Growth of a sitA mntH double mutant was severely reduced under Mn2+ limitation and sitA and mntH single mutants were more sensitive to oxidative stress. The double sitA mntH mutant of R. leguminosarum was unable to fix nitrogen (Fix‐) with legumes belonging to the galegoid clade (Pisum sativum, Vicia faba and Vicia hirsuta). The presence of infection thread‐like structures and sparsely‐packed plant cells in nodules suggest that bacteroid development was blocked, either at a late stage of infection thread progression or during bacteroid‐release. In contrast, a double sitA mntH mutant was Fix+ on common bean (Phaseoli vulgaris), a member of the phaseoloid clade of legumes, indicating a host‐specific symbiotic requirement for Mn2+ transport.
Genome‐wide identification of pathogenicity, conidiation and colony sectorization genes in Metarhizium robertsii
Authors: Zeng Guohong , Chen Xiaoxuan , Zhang Xing , Zhang Qiangqiang , Xu Chuan , Mi Wubin , Guo Na , Zhao Hong , You Yue , Dryburgh Farah‐Jade , Bidochka Michael J. , St. Leger Raymond J. , Zhang Lei , Fang Weiguo 
Published: April 2017

SummaryMetarhizium robertsii occupies a wide array of ecological niches and has diverse lifestyle options (saprophyte, insect pathogen and plant symbiont), that renders it an unusually effective model for studying genetic mechanisms for fungal adaptation. Here over 20,000 M. robertsii T‐DNA mutants were screened in order to elucidate genetic mechanism by which M. robertsii replicates and persists in diverse niches. About 287 conidiation, colony sectorization or pathogenicity loci, many of which have not been reported in other fungi were identified. By analysing a series of conidial pigmentation mutants, a new fungal pigmentation gene cluster, which contains Mr‐Pks1, Mr‐EthD and Mlac1 was identified. A conserved conidiation regulatory pathway containing Mr‐BrlA, Mr‐AbaA and Mr‐WetA regulates expression of these pigmentation genes. During conidiation Mr‐BlrA up‐regulates Mr‐AbaA, which in turn controls Mr‐WetA. It was found that Hog1‐MAPK regulates fungal conidiation by controlling the conidiation regulatory pathway, and that all three pigmentation genes exercise feedback regulation of conidiation. This work provided the foundation for deeper understanding of the genetic processes behind M. robertsii adaptive phenotypes, and advances our insights into conidiation and pigmentation in this fungus.
Land‐use influences phosphatase gene microdiversity in soils
Authors: Neal Andrew L. , Rossmann Maike , Brearley Charles , Akkari Elsy , Guyomar Cervin , Clark Ian M. , Allen Elisa , Hirsch Penny R. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryPhosphorus cycling exerts significant influence upon soil fertility and productivity – processes largely controlled by microbial activity. We adopted phenotypic and metagenomic approaches to investigate phosphatase genes within soils. Microbial communities in bare fallowed soil showed a marked capacity to utilise phytate for growth compared with arable or grassland soil communities. Bare fallowed soil contained lowest concentrations of orthophosphate. Analysis of metagenomes indicated phoA, phoD and phoX, and histidine acid and cysteine phytase genes were most abundant in grassland soil which contained the greatest amount of NaOH‐EDTA extractable orthophosphate. Beta‐propeller phytase genes were most abundant in bare fallowed soil. Phylogenetic analysis of metagenome sequences indicated the phenotypic shift observed in the capacity to mineralise phytate in bare fallow soil was accompanied by an increase in phoD, phoX and beta‐propeller phytase genes coding for exoenzymes. However, there was a remarkable degree of genetic similarity across the soils despite the differences in land‐use. Predicted extracellular ecotypes were distributed across a greater range of soil structure than predicted intracellular ecotypes, suggesting that microbial communities subject to the dual stresses of low nutrient availability and reduced access to organic material in bare fallowed soils rely upon the action of exoenzymes.
Improve Toolmarks' Impressions in Soft Wax
Authors: Finkelstein Nir , Volkov Nikolai , Tsach Tsadok 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWhen the forensic toolmarks laboratory receives for examination and comparison a tool that is suspected of having been involved in a crime, the expert performs tests designed to determine whether or not the specific tool generates the same toolmarks as those found at the crime scene. This is performed by testing tool striation on a piece of soft metal, such as lead, and examining the marks left by the tool. Studies have shown that wax may be an optimal material for this purpose. This study examines the use of wax at different temperatures and shows that quality of results is better when the wax is cooled (recommended temperature is −18°C). At this temperature, the wax is flexible enough but does not smear and is not sticky. This makes the obtained marks clearer and of better quality.
Transcriptional response ofEscherichia colito ammonia and glucose fluctuations
Authors: Simen Joana Danica , Löffler Michael , Jäger Günter , Schäferhoff Karin , Freund Andreas , Matthes Jakob , Müller Jan , Takors Ralf ,   RecogNice‐Team
Published: April 2017

SummaryIn large‐scale production processes, metabolic control is typically achieved by limited supply of essential nutrients such as glucose or ammonia. With increasing bioreactor dimensions, microbial producers such asEscherichia coliare exposed to changing substrate availabilities due to limited mixing. In turn, cells sense and respond to these dynamic conditions leading to frequent activation of their regulatory programmes. Previously, we characterized short‐ and long‐term strategies of cells to adapt to glucose fluctuations. Here, we focused on fluctuating ammonia supply while studying a continuously running two‐compartment bioreactor system comprising a stirred tank reactor (STR) and a plug‐flow reactor (PFR). The alarmone ppGpp rapidly accumulated inPFR, initiating considerable transcriptional responses after 70 s. About 400 genes were repeatedly switched on/off whenE. colireturned to theSTR.E. colirevealed highly diverging long‐term transcriptional responses in ammonia compared to glucose fluctuations. In contrast, the induction of stringent regulation was a common feature of both short‐term responses. CellularATPdemands for coping with fluctuating ammonia supply were found to increase maintenance by 15%. The identification of genes contributing to the increasedATPdemand together with the elucidation of regulatory mechanisms may help to create robust cells and processes for large‐scale application.