bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative impact damage of apple based on hyperspectral imaging combined with mechanical parameters and size correction
Authors: Li Bin , Wan Xia , Liu Yin‐ling , Lu Ying‐jun , Liu Yan‐de 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn order to solve the problem of decreasing the accuracy of quantitative prediction of damage of fruits resulting in the size difference of fruits, the spectral correction method based on the size difference of fruits was adopted. To provide richer theoretical knowledge for the quality detection of fruits and the design of damage reduction programs in reality. First, the undamaged spectra of the group of apples with better performance of the model were selected as the reference spectra by analyzing and comparing the modeling results of the prediction models of mechanical parameters with the single fruit diameter groups. The spectral correction coefficient was calculated with the formulas, and the damage spectra of three groups of apples were size‐corrected by this coefficient to build the mechanical parameter models. Finally, the corrected spectra were screened for characteristic wavelengths by competitive adaptive reweighting and uninformative variable elimination algorithms. The results of study showed that the correlation coefficients of the prediction set of the models were improved by 2.1%–13% and the root mean square errors were reduced by 16%–51% with the spectrally corrected models compared with the precorrection models. Therefore, the size correction method can be used to eliminate the effect of size difference on the mechanical parameter models to improve the applicability of the quantitative damage prediction models, and it can provide the theoretical guidance to design the loss‐reducing protective measures and the agricultural mechanized operation process.
Exploring the links between periodontal diseases and obstructive sleep apnoea: An overview for clinicians
Authors: Carra MC , Cistulli PA 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBoth periodontal diseases (PDs) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are highly prevalent disorders with global impact, associated with a large burden at individual patient and health system levels. These disorders often co‐exist, but there is growing evidence that the association between the disorders goes beyond an overlap between two highly prevalent diseases that have shared risk factors. Evidence suggests a potential causal relationship, although further research is required to verify this. Regardless of any causal relationship, the co‐existence of these disorders is important to recognize since they may act in combination to heighten health risks, particularly cardiovascular risk. Thus, dentists have an important role in screening for OSA in patients presenting with PDs, and similarly, they need to evaluate periodontal health in patients requiring treatment for OSA. Here we provide a narrative review of the association between PDs and OSA to raise awareness among clinicians and promote multidisciplinary collaborations that aim at an evidence‐based and effective management of such patients.
Vectorcardiography Predicts Heart Failure in Patients Following ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Perkins Sidney J. , Monovoukas Demetri , Chopra Zoey , Kucharski Kevin , Powell Corey , Vejalla Anuush , Latchamsetty Rakesh , Bugga Pallavi , Asthana Vishwaratn 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundModeling outcomes, such as onset of heart failure (HF) or mortality, in patients following ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is challenging but clinically very useful. The acute insult following a myocardial infarction and chronic degeneration seen in HF involve a similar process where a loss of cardiomyocytes and abnormal remodeling lead to pump failure. This process may alter the strength and direction of the heart's net depolarization signal. We hypothesize that changes over time in unique parameters extracted using vectorcardiography (VCG) have the potential to predict outcomes in patients post‐STEMI and could eventually be used as a noninvasive and cost‐effective surveillance tool for characterizing the severity and progression of HF to guide evidence‐based therapies.MethodsWe identified 162 patients discharged from Michigan Medicine between 2016 and 2021 with a diagnosis of acute STEMI. For each patient, a single 12‐lead ECG > 1 week pre‐STEMI and > 1 week post‐STEMI were collected. A set of unique VCG parameters were derived by analyzing features of the QRS complex. We used LASSO regression analysis incorporating clinical variables and VCG parameters to create a predictive model for HF, mortality, or the composite at 90, 180, and 365 days post‐STEMI.ResultsThe VCG model is most predictive for HF onset at 90 days with a robust AUC. Variables from the HF model mitigating or driving risk, at a p < 0.05, were primarily parameters that assess the area swept by the depolarization vector including the 3D integral and convex hull in select spatial octants and quadrants.
How do business associations support contract enforcement? Evidence from Hungary
Authors: Mike Károly , Boza István , Molnár Gábor Tamás 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBusiness associations (BAs) are often mentioned among formal private‐order institutions that support contract enforcement. Despite their ubiquity, evidence about their actual roles is still very limited. We explore empirically four mechanisms through which they can support the credibility of contractual commitments: member selection, norm enforcement, dispute resolution and information sharing. In a developed legal context, firm‐level data from an economy‐wide managerial survey show that BAs support contractual trust among members, in members by outsiders as well as in outsiders by members. Member selection and information sharing stand out as the most important mechanisms: They help all three relationship types. Dispute resolution helps overcome opportunism between members only. Formalized norm enforcement is a signal of trustworthiness for outsiders. Economic theory suggests that BAs can help establish trust beyond personal and local networks. We find strong evidence that they indeed do.
So different yet so alike? Political collective narcissism predicts blatant dehumanization of political outgroups among conservatives and liberals
Authors: Marchlewska Marta , Górska Paulina , Podsiadłowski Wojciech , Rogoza Marta , Szczepańska Dagmara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPrevious research found that political polarization goes hand in hand with being strongly identified with a political ingroup. In this research, we assumed this should be the case only among those who identify with their political ingroup in a narcissistic way (stemming from frustrated needs and predicting outgroup hostility). This hypothesis was tested in one experimental (Study 4, n = 525) and three cross‐sectional (Study 1, n = 320; Study 2, n = 316; Study 3, n = 500) studies conducted among American and Polish participants. In all studies, we found a consistent positive link between political narcissism, but not political identification, and the blatant dehumanization of political outgroups. This relationship held over and above metadehumanization, measured in Studies 2 and 3. In Studies 3 and 4, we additionally found that political narcissism may also predict aggressive inclinations towards political outgroups, measured with the voodoo doll task. These findings suggest that differentiation between political narcissism and political identification may help to better understand the psychological underpinnings of political polarization.
1113. Stachyurus macrocarpus Koidz. var. prunifolius Tuyama
Authors: Higuchi Yumiko , Takegami Minako , Yamanaka Masumi 
Published: September 2024

SummaryStachyurus macrocarpus Koidz. var. prunifolius Tuyama is described and illustrated. The species is endemic to Haha‐jima, one of the islands of the Bonin Islands, Japan, and highly endangered. We provide information about this species, including its discovery, reproduction, conservation, cultivation, and uses.
Spatial wage curve and the role of external factors over time
Authors: Majchrowska Aleksandra , Broniatowska Paulina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study attempts to answer the question of how strongly the situation in local and neighbouring labour markets affects the level of wages in the local labour market. To answer it we use the wage curve concept. We estimate the wage curve that includes spatial effects and check the stability of the relationships over time. We concentrate on 380 local labour markets in Poland. The research period covers 2005–2021, and spatial panel models are used. Our estimates confirm the existence of the statistically significant and negative relationship between average wages and the situation in the local labour market in Poland with an estimated elasticity of −0.06. Moreover, we confirm the existence of the spatial wage curve in Poland in the 2005–2021 period. Both direct (local) and indirect (spatial) effects are statistically significant and negative on average in the analysed period. The total effects of unemployment rate wages vary from −0.06 to −0.08 depending on the spatial matrix used. Additionally, our research indicates several macroeconomic and institutional factors which are important in shaping wages. Lastly, we find that the elasticity of wages with respect to the unemployment rate is not stable over time. The relationship between unemployment and average wages has strongly weakened.
A radiographic projection for the assessment of the equine paracondylar process
Authors: Bulnes F. , Calle‐González N. , Jiménez J. , Argüelles D. , Hernández E. , Muñoz A. , Barakzai S. Z. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryBackgroundThe paracondylar process is of clinical interest due to its proximity to anatomical structures involved in vital functions. There are limited reports describing abnormalities affecting the paracondylar process (PCP), with traumatic fractures being the most prevalent pathology. Affected horses can present with a variety of signs including headshaking, facial paralysis and/or poor performance. In almost all cases reported in the literature to date, computed tomography has been used to diagnose a PCP fracture.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to develop a radiographic technique for imaging the PCP, to determine the optimum radiographic projection angle and trial its use in standing sedated horses.Study designCadaveric‐simulated clinical case and pilot study conducted in 10 standing sedated horses.MethodsThree tangential radiographs of the left and right paracondylar processes at 5°, 15° and 20° to the transverse plane and 20° to the dorsal plane were obtained in 10 standing sedated horses. Three blinded observers independently ranked each of the three images for clarity of viewing the PCP. The radiographic projection allowed imaging of the ventral portion of the PCP while avoiding superimposition of other osseous structures. A simulated PCP fracture in a cadaver could be recognised using this technique.ResultsThe highest grades were obtained for radiographs with a 5° angle from the transverse plane, and the lowest grades were obtained for a 20° angle.Main limitationsComplex anatomy of the PCP with superimposition of osseous and soft tissue structures.ConclusionsThe radiographic technique for the PCP can be safely performed in standing, sedated horses. It is suitable for implementation in general veterinary practice before considering referral for advanced imaging techniques in horses presenting with headshaking or facial paralysis.
Navigating Stepwise Lifestyle Mobilities via the Global South: Japanese Migrant Families’ Negotiation of Educational and Lifestyle Aspirations in Malaysia
Authors: Igarashi Hiroki 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTStudies of the transnational migration of East Asian families have examined how they enhance their status and well‐being by moving their children to schools in Western anglophone countries. Although recent studies have identified Southeast Asia as a new, affordable destination for less affluent families, we do not know their future transnational trajectories. To fill this gap, this study employed interview data from 46 Japanese families who had migrated to Malaysia with their children and investigated how they navigated their transnational mobilities from Malaysia. To explain their pattern, I introduce the concept of ‘stepwise lifestyle mobilities’, transnational mobility pathways adopted by relatively affluent people from developed countries, who may face constraints due to factors such as race, ethnicity, limited global experience or financial limitations but a desire for an international experience. They start from a low‐cost, low‐risk country like Malaysia and seek staged lifestyle migration regionally and/or globally.
The influence of components on the high‐temperature performance and cutting performance of Si3N4‐based ceramic tools
Authors: Xu Weiwei , Zhang Zuoxuan , Wang Boxiang , Jiang Liyi , Yan Guodong , Guan Li 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThree kinds of Si3N4‐based ceramic tools (single‐phase Si3N4, Si3N4/(W,Ti)C, and Si3N4/(W,Ti)C/Ni) were fabricated by microwave sintering. The phase composition, toughening mechanism, mechanical properties at room and high temperatures (800°C), and cutting performance of Si3N4‐based ceramic tool materials with different additives were investigated. The results showed that the addition of (W,Ti)C and Ni had a significant effect on improving the mechanical properties at room temperature, although it reduced the phase transition conversion rate of Si3N4. Si3N4/(W,Ti)C tools had good high‐temperature stability, while Si3N4/(W,Ti)C/Ni tools had a decrease of about 31.6% in high‐temperature hardness and a decrease of 13.7% in high‐temperature flexure strength. Under the premise of ensuring a certain level of fracture toughness, high‐temperature hardness is the main influencing factor on the cutting life of cutting tools. The Si3N4/(W,Ti)C tools exhibit superior cutting performance whose cutting life reaches to 50.67 min which was 1.37–3.27 times longer than the other two ceramic cutting tools at the same cutting parameters when continuous dry cutting T10A. In addition, high‐temperature flexure strength limits the choice of cutting speed, and lower high‐temperature flexure strength can lead to rapid tool failure.
Unveiling the Gut Microbiota of Pig‐Tailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina) in Selected Habitats in Malaysia
Authors: Osman Nur Azimah , Gani Millawati , Tingga Roberta Chaya Tawie , Abdul‐Latiff Muhammad Abu Bakar , Mohd‐Ridwan Abd Rahman , Chan Eddie , Md‐Zain Badrul Munir 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe gut microbiota plays an important role in primates, which may be associated with their habitat. In Malaysia, pig‐tailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina) live in different habitat environments and have traditionally been used for coconut plucking for more than a century. There is currently no information regarding the gut microbiota of this macaque in Malaysia. To address this oversight, this study employed a fecal metabarcoding approach to determine the gut microbiota composition of pig‐tailed macaques and establish how these microbial communities correspond with the macaque external environments of residential area, forest edge, and fragmented forest.MethodsTo determine this connection, 300 paired‐end sequences of 16S rRNA were amplified and sequenced using the MiSeq platform.ResultsIn the pig‐tailed macaque fecal samples, we identified 17 phyla, 40 orders, 52 families, 101 genera, and 139 species of bacteria. The most prevalent bacterial families in the gut of pig‐tailed macaques were Firmicutes (6.31%) and Proteobacteria (0.69%). Our analysis did not identify a significant difference between the type of environmental habitat and the gut microbiota composition of these macaques.ConclusionsThere was great variation in the population richness and bacterial community structure. The abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria helps this macaque digest food more easily while maintaining a healthy gut microbiota diversity. Exploring the gut microbiota provides an initial effort to support pig‐tailed macaque conservation in the future.
A Mixed‐Methods Study to Evaluate Depression and Anxiety Among Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: Yan Li‐Hua , Xie Meng‐Yi , Yang Qiu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAs the backbone of future healthcare delivery, the mental health of undergraduate nursing students can have a direct impact on patients' perceptions of health and the quality of their healthcare learning. However, there has been little qualitative research on the factors influencing the mental health of undergraduate nursing students.AimThis study investigated the current status and factors influencing depression and anxiety in undergraduate nursing students.MethodsQuestionnaires were administered to third‐year nursing students at a medical college university using the Self‐Assessment Scale for Anxiety (SAS) and the Self‐Depression Scale (SDS). The students who suffered from anxiety or depression were selected for qualitative interviews and the results of the interviews were analysed by using the seven‐step Koretz analysis.Results(1) SAS and SDS scores of undergraduate nursing students were higher than the national average. (2) The qualitative interviews revealed that five themes, including childhood experience, body image, interpersonal relationships, professional identity and career planning, influenced mental health.DiscussionUndergraduate nursing students exhibited a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. The colleges should establish a proactive educational model centred on teaching quality, professional identity, career planning and mental health.Implication for PracticeThis study found that the mental health of undergraduate nursing students was influenced by a variety of factors, which require diverse and constant interventions. School, family and social resources should collaborate to develop a systematic approach for better mental health education in undergraduate nursing students.
Updated insights into the molecular pathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis
Authors: Banovic Frane 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common and chronic inflammatory skin disease with frequent relapses. The genomics revolution has greatly contributed and revolutionised our knowledge of human AD; understanding the molecular skin fingerprint of AD and associated pathogenic immune pathways has led to preclinical assessments of several novel treatments. Initial studies using microarray analysis to analyse transcriptome (gene expression) changes provided relevant insight on the inflammatory and structural changes occurring at the time of acute or chronic AD skin lesions, or after immunomodulating treatments with drugs ciclosporin and dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody anti‐IL4 receptor. The studies revealed that human AD is characterised by the activation of multiple cytokine pathways (predominance of T helper cell [Th]2 with some activation of Th1, Th17 and Th22) as well as dysregulated expression of barrier components in the skin. There are several reports on the expression of different single molecular targets (e.g. interleukin [IL]‐13, CCL17 and periostin) in spontaneous canine AD (cAD). However, significant studies of the transcriptome have been limited to a single microarray study analysing chronic AD skin lesions in dogs. While revealing a large number of genes differentially expressed in cAD skin, the small sample size (n = 13 dogs) and the lack of changes in key epidermal barrier and inflammatory cytokine genes in the microarrays have inhibited discussion towards specific immunological changes. This review summarises the current literature regarding the molecular mechanisms of spontaneous cAD, including the recent data regarding RNA sequencing, and compares some pathogenic aspects to the previously published data from human AD.
Colonization with resistant bacteria in hospital employees: an epidemiological surveillance and typing study
Authors: Badinski Tina , Seiffert Salome N. , Grässli Fabian , Babouee Flury Baharak , Besold Ulrike , Betschon Elsbeth , Biggel Michael , Brucher Angela , Cusini Alexia , Dörr Tamara , Egli Adrian , Goppel Stephan , Güsewell Sabine , Keller Joelle , von Kietzell Matthias , Möller J. Carsten , Nolte Oliver , Ortner Manuela , Roloff Tim , Ruetti Markus , Schlegel Matthias , Seth-Smith Helena M. B. , Stephan Roger , Stocker Reto , Vuichard-Gysin Danielle , Willi Barbara , Kuster Stefan P. , Kahlert Christian R. , Kohler Philipp ,   on behalf of the SURPRISE Study Group
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, molecular epidemiology, and risk factors for gut colonization with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in healthcare workers (HCWs). In September/October 2022, we performed a cross-sectional study among HCW from 14 institutions in Northeastern Switzerland. HCWs reported risk factors for antimicrobial resistance (covering the last 12–24 months) and provided rectal swabs. Swabs were screened for ESBL-E, CPE, and VRE; whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to assess the genetic relatedness. Logistic regression was used to identify occupational and non-occupational risk factors. Among approximately 22,500 employees, 1,209 participated (median age 46 years, 82% female). Prevalences of ESBL-E (
n
= 65) and CPE (
n
= 1) were 5.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.2–6.8] and 0.1% (95% CI 0.0–0.5), respectively; no VREs were detected. In the multivariable analysis, non-European ethnicity [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 7.0, 95% CI 1.4–27.3], travel to high-risk countries (aOR 4.9, 95% CI 2.5–9.3), systemic antibiotics (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–3.7), antibiotic eye drops (aOR 4.7, 95% CI 1.7–11.9), and monthly sushi consumption (aOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4–4.3) were positively associated with ESBL-E colonization, whereas alcohol consumption (aOR 0.5 per glass/week, 95% CI 0.3–0.9) was negatively associated with ESBL-E colonization. Occupational factors showed no association. Among ESBL-
Escherichia coli
, ST131 (15 of 61, 25%) and
bla
CTX-M-15
(37/61; 61%) were most common; one isolate co-harbored
bla
OXA-244
. WGS data did not show relevant clustering. Occupational exposure is not associated with ESBL-E colonization in HCW. Given the potential public health and antibiotic stewardship implications, the role of sushi consumption and antibiotic eye drops as risk factors should be further elucidated.
Complete genome sequences of
Chitinophaga
sp. strain MM2321 and
Microbacterium
sp. strain MM2322, isolated from a sand sample in Harsewinkel, Germany
Authors: Eisenhut Marion , Schulze Tim , Matten Fabian Niklas Jasper , Sengewald Annika , Böhner Patrick , Falk Daniel , Klinge Carla Valeria , Langschwager Ronja , Lohoff Stella , Meyer Niklas , Ponomarchuk Vladyslava , Pünter Friederike , Sherlock Jaclyn , Pschik Diana , Klages Levin Joe , Busche Tobias , Wobbe Lutz , Bräutigam Andrea , Laker Bianca 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

We cultivated bacteria contained in a sandy soil sample, isolated DNA from a single bacterial colony, and assembled from genomic reads the full genome sequence of
Chitinophaga
and
Microbacterium
strains, termed MM2321 and MM2322. Besides the genome sequences, the phylogenetic classifications of both strains are reported.