bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ice-nucleating particles in Canadian Arctic sea-surface microlayer and bulk seawater
Authors: Irish Victoria E. , Elizondo Pablo , Chen Jessie , Chou Cédric , Charette Joannie , Lizotte Martine , Ladino Luis A. , Wilson Theodore W. , Gosselin Michel , Murray Benjamin J. , Polishchuk Elena , Abbatt Jonathan P. D. , Miller Lisa A. , Bertram Allan K. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The sea-surface microlayer and bulk seawater can contain ice-nucleating particles (INPs) and these INPs can be emitted into the atmosphere. Our current understanding of the properties, concentrations, and spatial and temporal distributions of INPs in the microlayer and bulk seawater is limited. In this study we investigate the concentrations and properties of INPs in microlayer and bulk seawater samples collected in the Canadian Arctic during the summer of 2014. INPs were ubiquitous in the microlayer and bulk seawater with freezing temperatures in the immersion mode as high as −14 °C. A strong negative correlation (R = −0. 7, p = 0. 02) was observed between salinity and freezing temperatures (after correction for freezing depression by the salts). One possible explanation is that INPs were associated with melting sea ice. Heat and filtration treatments of the samples show that the INPs were likely heat-labile biological materials with sizes between 0.02 and 0.2 µm in diameter, consistent with previous measurements off the coast of North America and near Greenland in the Arctic. The concentrations of INPs in the microlayer and bulk seawater were consistent with previous measurements at several other locations off the coast of North America. However, our average microlayer concentration was lower than previous observations made near Greenland in the Arctic. This difference could not be explained by chlorophyll a concentrations derived from satellite measurements. In addition, previous studies found significant INP enrichment in the microlayer, relative to bulk seawater, which we did not observe in this study. While further studies are needed to understand these differences, we confirm that there is a source of INP in the microlayer and bulk seawater in the Canadian Arctic that may be important for atmospheric INP concentrations.
Reviews and syntheses: Ice acidification, the effects of ocean acidification on sea ice microbial communities
Authors: McMinn Andrew 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Sea ice algae, like some coastal and estuarine phytoplankton, are naturally exposed to a wider range of pH and CO2 concentrations than those in open marine seas. While climate change and ocean acidification (OA) will impact pelagic communities, their effects on sea ice microbial communities remain unclear. Sea ice contains several distinct microbial communities, which are exposed to differing environmental conditions depending on their depth within the ice. Bottom communities mostly experience relatively benign bulk ocean properties, while interior brine and surface (infiltration) communities experience much greater extremes. Most OA studies have examined the impacts on single sea ice algae species in culture. Although some studies examined the effects of OA alone, most examined the effects of OA and either light, nutrients or temperature. With few exceptions, increased CO2 concentration caused either no change or an increase in growth and/or photosynthesis. In situ studies on brine and surface algae also demonstrated a wide tolerance to increased and decreased pH and showed increased growth at higher CO2 concentrations. The short time period of most experiments (< 10 days), together with limited genetic diversity (i.e. use of only a single strain), however, has been identified as a limitation to a broader interpretation of the results. While there have been few studies on the effects of OA on the growth of marine bacterial communities in general, impacts appear to be minimal. In sea ice also, the few reports available suggest no negative impacts on bacterial growth or community richness. Sea ice ecosystems are ephemeral, melting and re-forming each year. Thus, for some part of each year organisms inhabiting the ice must also survive outside of the ice, either as part of the phytoplankton or as resting spores on the bottom. During these times, they will be exposed to the full range of co-stressors that pelagic organisms experience. Their ability to continue to make a major contribution to sea ice productivity will depend not only on their ability to survive in the ice but also on their ability to survive the increasing seawater temperatures, changing distribution of nutrients and declining pH forecast for the water column over the next centuries.
The Usumacinta–Grijalva beach-ridge plain in southern Mexico: a high-resolution archive of river discharge and precipitation
Authors: Nooren Kees , Hoek Wim Z. , Winkels Tim , Huizinga Annika , Van der Plicht Hans , Van Dam Remke L. , Van Heteren Sytze , Van Bergen Manfred J. , Prins Maarten A. , Reimann Tony , Wallinga Jakob , Cohen Kim M. , Minderhoud Philip , Middelkoop Hans 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The beach-ridge sequence of the Usumacinta–Grijalva delta borders a 300 km long section of the southern Gulf of Mexico coast. With around 500 beach ridges formed in the last 6500 years, the sequence is unsurpassed in the world in terms of numbers of individual ridges preserved, continuity of the record, and temporal resolution. We mapped and dated the most extensively accreted part of the sequence, linking six phases of accretion to river mouth reconfigurations and constraining their ages with 14C and OSL dating. The geomorphological and sedimentological reconstruction relied on lidar data, coring transects, GPR measurements, grain-size analyses, and chemical fingerprinting of volcanic glass and pumice encountered within the beach and dune deposits. We demonstrate that the beach-ridge complex was formed under ample long-term fluvial sediment supply and shorter-term wave- and aeolian-modulated sediment reworking. The abundance of fluvially supplied sand is explained by the presence of easily weatherable Los Chocoyos ignimbrites from the ca. 84 ka eruption of the Atitlán volcano (Guatemala) in the catchment of the Usumacinta River. Autocyclic processes seem responsible for the formation of ridge–swale couplets. Fluctuations in their periodicity (ranging from 6–19 years) are governed by progradation rate, and are therefore not indicative of sea level fluctuations or variability in storm activity. The fine sandy beach ridges are mainly swash built. Ridge elevation, however, is strongly influenced by aeolian accretion during the time the ridge is located next to the beach. Beach-ridge elevation is negatively correlated with progradation rate, which we relate to the variability in sediment supply to the coastal zone, reflecting decadal-scale precipitation changes within the river catchment. In the southern Mexican delta plain, the coastal beach ridges therefore appear to be excellent recorders of hinterland precipitation.
Brief communication: Accuracy of the fallen blocks volume-frequency law
Authors: De Biagi Valerio 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. De Biagi et al. (2017) have proposed a procedure for building a fallen block volume-frequency law for rockfall phenomenon. The input data are from both the recording of rockfall events and from the survey of fallen block volumes. The epistemic and aleatoric uncertainties present in the approach affect the value of the parameters of the law. It is shown how to quantify the errors due to missed events, to an observation period of finite duration and to a limited set of measured blocks. At the end, the procedure outputs corrective parameters to compute a design volume for rockfall analysis and engineering calculations.
Long-term intraocular pressure after combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy in glaucoma associated with Sturge-Weber syndrome
Authors: Sood Devindra , Rathore Aanchal , Sood Ishaana , Kumar Dinesh , Sood Narender N. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose: Vision loss in Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), a rare congenital disorder, is primarily due to glaucoma. Methods: We reviewed the data of all consecutive SWS-associated glaucoma cases in patients who had undergone combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy (CTT) at a tertiary glaucoma facility between January 1993 and December 2015. We analyzed the preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal clarity, visual acuity, success rate, need for repeat surgery, and number of topical antiglaucoma medications needed at last follow-up. Results: Twenty-six eyes of 20 patients with SWS (surgical age 0.7-96 months; mean 18.64 ± 29.74 months) had undergone primary CTT. The mean preoperative IOP was 32.76 ± 7.86 mm Hg (range 22-54 mm Hg) with medication (mean 3.11 ± 1.17; range 1-5). At the last follow-up (61-288 months); mean SD 134.73 ± 67.77 months), two eyes had IOP <6 mm Hg. Twenty-four eyes analyzed had an IOP of 13.63 ± 6.11 (mean ± SD; range 9-41) mm Hg. All these had an IOP <15 mm Hg at last follow-up except one, which had an IOP of 41 mm Hg. There was a mean reduction of 54.62% ± 31.33% in IOP from baseline. The antiglaucoma medication score at last follow-up visit was 0-3. No eye achieved predefined complete success or modified complete success. A total of 41.7% (10/24) of eyes attained both qualified and modified qualified success. Eleven eyes needed repeat surgeries. No intraoperative complications were noted. Visual acuity was below 6/60 in four eyes. Conclusions: Combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy showed promising results as a treatment for SWS-associated glaucoma in children. Long-term visual and surgical outcomes are encouraging.
The effect of strabismus surgery on choroidal thickness
Authors: Inan Kamil , Niyaz Leyla 
Published: September 2017

Purpose: To determine the effects of strabismus surgery on choroidal thickness. Methods: This was a prospective randomized study. The measurements of subfoveal and macular choroidal thickness of patients who underwent strabismus surgery were obtained by enhanced depth imaging optic coherence tomography. The patients were grouped as patients who had 1 horizontal muscle surgery (group 1), 1 oblique muscle surgery (group 2), 2 horizontal muscle surgeries (group 3), or 1 horizontal and 1 oblique muscle surgery (group 4). Choroidal thickness of the patients was measured preoperatively and on the postoperative first day, second week, first month, and third month. Choroidal thickness was measured at subfoveal area (S) and at the nasal (N1, N2) and temporal (T1, T2) fovea with 500-μm intervals. Results: The average age of the 37 patients was 15.59 ± 13.84 years. In preoperative and postoperative first day comparison, a decrease in choroidal thickness was found in all areas in group 1. In group 2, a significant decrease was found in N2, N1, and S values. In group 3, a significant decrease was found in N2, N1, and T2 values. In group 4, a significant decrease was found in N1 value. The second week comparison of all groups showed significant postoperative decrease in choroidal thickness in all areas. On the postoperative first month, a significant decrease in choroidal thickness was found only in the subfoveal area of group 1 and the N1 area of group 2. At the postoperative third month, there was no change in any group. Conclusions: Strabismus surgery causes a decrease in choroidal thickness in the early postoperative period.
A comparative study of the visual outcomes between a new trifocal and an extended depth of focus intraocular lens
Authors: Ruiz-Mesa Ramón , Abengózar-Vela Antonio , Ruiz-Santos María 
Published: September 2017

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the visual outcomes and ocular optical performance of the PanOptix trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) and Symfony extended range of vision IOL. Methods: Sixty-eight eyes of 34 patients were divided into 2 groups: 20 patients with the PanOptix IOL and 14 patients with the Symfony IOL. Binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity, best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA), distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (DCIVA) at 80 and 60 cm, and distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) at 40 cm were evaluated. Additionally, preferred reading distance with best-corrected distance and visual acuity at that distance, binocular defocus curves, mesopic and photopic contrast sensitivity, photic phenomena, and monocular total higher order aberrations (HOAs) were also measured. Results: The visual outcomes for PanOptix and Symfony IOL groups, respectively, were as follows: BCDVA: -0.03 ± 0.03 and -0.02 ± 0.03 logMAR; DCIVA at 80 cm: 0.06 ± 0.06 and 0.06 ± 0.04 logMAR; DCIVA at 60 cm: 0.06 ± 0.10 and 0.05 ± 0.04 logMAR; DCNVA: 0.04 ± 0.06 and 0.20 ± 0.07 logMAR (p<0.001). Similar preferred reading distances were found for both groups (37.0 ± 4.6 and 38.9 ± 5.7 cm, respectively). The visual acuities at those distances were 0.09 ± 0.08 and 0.19 ± 0.08 logMAR (p<0.001), respectively. The defocus curves showed significantly better outcomes for the PanOptix IOL from -2.0 to -4.0 D (p<0.001). No significant differences were found for contrast sensitivity, halometry, or HOAs between the groups. Conclusions: The PanOptix and Symfony IOLs showed comparable visual performance at distance and intermediate. However, the PanOptix IOL provided better near and preferred reading distance VAs and showed a more continuous range of vision than the Symfony IOL.
Differential Diagnosis of Alterations in Arterial Flow and Tissue Oxygenation on Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Hofer Anna , Leitner Sylvia , Kreuzer Michaela , Meier Jens 
Published: September 2017

Background Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) may be life-saving in several clinical situations, but it is also one of the most invasive therapeutic procedures, with significant potential for life-threatening complications. Pulse pressure waves are typically very small or even absent at the onset of ECMO therapy, and will reappear with the improvement of cardiac function. A low pulse pressure may indicate low cardiac output due to heart failure during sustained ECMO support. A sudden loss of pulse pressure during ECMO therapy, however, may reveal complications like pericardial tamponade, hemothorax or pneumothorax. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been shown to be useful in detecting cerebral and lower limb ischemic events during ECMO therapy and could furthermore improve differential diagnosis in the event pulsatility of the arterial pressure trace is lost. Methods We are reporting on 3 different complications of ECMO and their impact on arterial pulse pressure, arterial oxygen tension and regional tissue oxygenation measured by NIRS. Results Pericardial hematoma, overinflation of the lung, and tension pneumothorax may impede cardiac output during VA-ECMO and cause a loss of pulse pressure. Monitoring of regional tissue oxygenation using NIRS, in addition to arterial and mixed venous oxygen tension, may allow early recognition and treatment of ECMO complications. Conclusions Together with the appearance of a flat, non pulsatile arterial pressure trace as well as a reduction in mixed venous oxygen saturation the improvement of upper body rSO2 measured by NIRS enables timely recognition of complications that interfere with natural cardiac output during VA-ECMO.
What is the Best Setting for Receiving Dialysis Vascular access Repair and Maintenance Services?
Authors: El-Gamil Audrey M. , Dobson Al , Manolov Nikolay , DaVanzo Joan E. , Beathard Gerald A. , Foust Litchfield Terry , Cowin Brook 
Published: September 2017

Introduction Advances in dialysis vascular access (DVA) management have changed where beneficiaries receive this care. The effectiveness, safety, quality, and economy of different care settings have been questioned. This study compares patient outcomes of receiving DVA services in the freestanding office-based center (FOC) to those of the hospital outpatient department (HOPD). It also examines whether outcomes differ for a centrally managed system of FOCs (CMFOC) compared to all other FOCs (AOFOC). Methods Retrospective cohort study of clinically and demographically similar patients within Medicare claims available through United States Renal Data System (USRDS) (2010-2013) who received at least 80% of DVA services in an FOC (n = 80,831) or HOPD (n = 133,965). Separately, FOC population is divided into CMFOC (n = 20,802) and AOFOC (n = 80,267). Propensity matching was used to control for clinical, demographic, and functional characteristics across populations. Results FOC patients experienced significantly better outcomes, including lower annual mortality (14.6% vs. 17.2%, p<0.001) and DVA-related infections (0.16 vs. 0.20, p<0.001), fewer hospitalizations (1.65 vs. 1.91, p<0.001), and lower total per-member-per-month (PMPM) payments ($5042 vs. $5361, p<0.001) than HOPD patients. CMFOC patients had lower annual mortality (12.5% vs. 13.8%, p<0.001), PMPM payments (DVA services) ($1486 vs. $1533, p<0.001) and hospitalizations ($1752 vs. $1816, p<0.001) than AOFOC patients. Conclusions Where nephrologists send patients for DVA services can impact patient clinical and economic outcomes. This research confirmed that patients who received DVA care in the FOC had better outcomes than those treated in the HOPD. The organizational culture and clinical oversight of the CMFOC may result in more favorable outcomes than receiving care in AOFOC.
Up-regulated HMGB1 in the pleural effusion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients reduces the chemosensitivity of NSCLC cells
Authors: Ma Ying , Kang Shirong , Wu Xu , Han Bateer , Jin Zhiyong , Guo Zhanlin 
Published: September 2017

Background: Pleural effusion is one of the complications of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). High mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) correlates highly with invasion and metastasis in multiple tumors. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical value of HMGB1 in NSCLC patients, and to investigate the role of HMGB1 in the development of pleural effusion. In addition, we also investigated the regulatory role of HMGB1 in the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cisplatin. Methods: 46 NSCLC malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and 31 benign pleural effusion samples were quantitatively analyzed with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for cytokines, such as IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and HMGB1. The HMGB1 expression in NSCLC tissues was examined with RT-qPCR and western blotting methods. Then the influence by HMGB1 on the chemosensitivity of lung cancer A549 cells was examined with MTT assay and colony forming assay for the A549 cells post the treatment with cisplatin or (and) HMGB1. Results: The results demonstrated that HMGB1 was up-regulated in the pleural effusion of NSCLC patients, along with the up-regulated levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8. And the up-regulation of HMGB1 was confirmed at both the mRNA and protein levels in the NSCLC tissues. Recombinant HMGB1 reduced the sensitivity of A549 cells to cisplatin in vitro. Conclusions: In conclusion, HMGB1 was up-regulated in the pleural effusion and tumor tissues of NSCLC patients. HMGB1 reduced the sensitivity of NSCLC A549 cells to cisplatin in vitro.
O substancialismo jurídico na administração pública concretista de direitos fundamentais: a juridicidade administrativa como instrumento de justiça constitucional | Legal “substantialism” in public administration concretist of fundamental rights: The administrative legality as a constitutional instrument of Justice
Authors: Dezan Sandro Lúcio , Cunha Ricarlos Almagro Vitoriano 
Published: September 2017

Resumo: o presente texto tem por finalidade definir o papel da Administração Pública na interpretação e na aplicação do texto constitucional, no que respeita à concreção de direitos fundamentais em países de modernidade tardia, sob o amparo da tensão existente entre o que se denominou de procedimentalismo e de substancialismo jurídico. Busca-se, em linhas iniciais abordar os contornos da tendência de legitimação da função jurídica administrativa de caráter constitucional contramajoritário, a aferir uma nova e importante tarefa ao Estado-executivo, para além de sua comum concepção de “fiel executor da lei”, de modo a concluir que a justiça constitucional envolve a jurisdição (por meio do Poder Judiciário) e a juridicidade (por meio da Administração Pública). Sob essa última perspectiva, busca-se assinalar que a aplicação e concreção do direito também é tarefa da Administração Pública, no âmbito de sua função atípica decisional, ditada pelo próprio texto constitucional, legitimador e impositivo das ações valorativas substanciais no âmbito do Estado Democrático de Direito.
Palavras-chave: Direito Constitucional. Direito Administrativo. Democracia. Princípio da juridicidade administrativa. Procedimentalismo. Substancialismo.

Abstract: The purpose of this text is to define the role of the Public Administration in the interpretation and application of the constitutional text with regard to the realization of fundamental rights in countries of late modernity, under the protection of the tension between what was called “proceduralism” and “legal substantiality”. In an initial line, it seeks to address the contours of the tendency to legitimize the administrative-legal function of a countermajoritarian constitutional character, to assess a new and important task for the Executive State, in addition to its common conception of "faithful executor of the law". In order to conclude that constitutional justice involves jurisdiction (through the Judiciary) and “juridicialism” (through Public Administration). Under this latter perspective, this paper points out that the application and the scope of its atypical decision-making function, dictated by the constitutional text itself, legitimating and imposing substantial value actions within the Democratic State of Law.
Keywords: Administrative Law. Constitutional Law. Democracy. Principle of administrative juridicialism. Proceduralism. Substantialism.
Dinâmica na produção e na diversificação das culturas cultivadas no Espírito Santo de 1970 a 2010
Authors: Ponciano Niraldo José , Castro Joesi De Souza , De Souza Paulo Marcelo , Nogueira Magda Aparecida , Ney Marlon Gomes 
Published: September 2017

O trabalho objetivou analisar a dinâmica das principais culturas no Estado do Espírito
Santo, no período de 1970 a 2010. Empregou-se o método shift-share para quantificar variação de área, rendimento, localização geográfica e índices de diversificação de área e de
valor da produção. Constatou-se que houve alterações de área, de produção e de produtividade. Nas quatro décadas analisadas, a cultura do café apresentou maior expansão em
área (148%), com efeitos positivos tanto em escala, quanto em substituição. Enquanto as
culturas de milho, de arroz e de feijão foram as que mais decresceram em área, com efeitos
negativos tanto em escala, quanto em substituição. Suas taxas de produção foram negativas, com redução de efeitos área e de rendimento. O índice de diversificação revelou que
houve concentração de área em poucos produtos.
Palavras-chave: Agricultura capixaba. Diversificação. Efeito área e de rendimento. Método
shift-share.
Asielzoekers als (vermeende) daders
Authors: van Wijk Joris , Bolhuis Maarten 
Published: September 2017

Asylum seekers as (alleged) perpetrators
This contribution describes the legal basis for revoking or denying a residence status to asylum seekers and individuals in possession of a status who are considered war criminals, ‘common’ criminals or terrorists, in what way the Dutch government tries to identify these persons, and what the nature and size of this group is. The authors conclude that identifying alleged war criminals and jihadists is particularly complex and that there is a tension with respect to the use, necessity and desirability of making available concrete tools in the form of indicators to first line professionals for the purpose of identifying jihadists. The presence of unwanted but unremovable (criminal) asylum seekers is undesirable from the perspective of society. The suggestion is made to provide them, under certain conditions, with a temporary residence status.