bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of dysfibrinogenemia in pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Yan Jie , Deng Donghong , Cheng Peng , Liao Lin , Luo Meiling , Lin Faquan 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundDysfibrinogenemia is a rare coagulation disorder caused by mutations in the fibrinogen gene that results in abnormal fibrinogen function. Dysfibrinogenemia has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations including asymptomatic(55%), hemorrhage (25%), and thrombosis (20%).MethodsWe reported a 30‐year‐old woman with 35 weeks gestation. She was misdiagnosed with hypofibrinogenemia in a local hospital, and then she was treated with fibrinogen concentrate. However, she was diagnosed as dysfibrinogenemia in our hospital base on her low function fibrinogen level (0.55 g/L) and her normal immunologic fibrinogen level (3.80 g/L). This patient had neither bleeding symptom nor thromboembolic event. Her obstetrical history included one normal pregnancy in 2008 with uneventful full‐term delivery.ResultsMultidisciplinary experts suggested that there should be no specific intervention in this case because of the patient had no previous episodes of abnormal bleeding or thrombotic. She had an uneventful delivery with no abnormal bleeding symptom or thromboembolic.ConclusionDysfibrinogenemia patients without personal or family history of bleeding and thromboembolic events, do not need specific therapeutic intervention.
Performance evaluation of the white cell precursor channel on the Sysmex XN hematology analyzer in HIV specimens
Authors: Schapkaitz Elise , Khoza Phoyisile 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundAutomated hematology analyzers generate white blood cell (WBC) suspect flags to indicate smears requiring manual review. In a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient population with a high frequency of abnormal specimens, the usefulness of these flags depends on their sensitivity and specificity. The white cell precursor (WPC) channel on the Sysmex XN‐9000 analyzer (Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan) has recently been introduced in order to distinguish immature cells such as blasts and abnormal lymphocytes.MethodsThe efficiency of the flags generated by WPC reflex testing was compared to the white cell differential (WDF) on the Sysmex XN‐9000 in 400 routine HIV samples.ResultsA flag was generated by the WDF channel in 346 (86.50%) samples. Addition of the WPC to the WDF resulted in a 20.99% reduction in the smear review rate. WPC analysis correctly identified the initial WDF flag in 59 (60.82%) samples with ‘blasts?’ or ‘abnormal lympho?’ flags. WPC showed an excellent sensitivity of 100%. However, the specificity remained poor. On investigation, samples with chronic infection/inflammation (35.00%) and lymphopenia (63.25%) were associated with a high false positive rate of 76.32% and 55.56%, respectively. WPC analysis removed 45 (51.72%) coexisting ‘atypical lympho?’ false positive WDF flags. The ‘atypical lympho?’ flag showed an increased sensitivity and specificity of 88.46% and 74.67%, respectively.ConclusionWhite cell precursor reflex testing showed improved flagging efficiency for the ‘atypical lympho?’ flag, which was a good indicator of reactive lymphocytes during chronic infection/inflammation. Nevertheless, the false positive rate for ‘abnormal lympho/blasts?’ was high in the presence of lymphopenia and infection.
Clinical evaluation of a multiparametricELISAas a rapid tool for routinely diagnosing IgG‐mediated autoimmune blistering dermatoses in ethnic Slavs
Authors: Gornowicz‐Porowska Justyna , Seraszek‐Jaros Agnieszka , Bowszyc‐Dmochowska Monika , Bartkiewicz Paweł , Kaczmarek Elżbieta , Dmochowski Marian 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundTechnical innovation of autoimmune blistering dermatoses (ABDs) diagnosis aimed at multiplex approach. Two multiparametricELISAtests are commercially available forABDs serology. The aim was to compare diagnostic accuracy of multiparametric and monospecificELISAs and to examine the diagnostic value/agreement of multivariantELISAin compliance with traditional diagnostic setup forABDs.MethodsIn total, 128 sera from suspectedABDs patients were studied (27 sera in order to compareELISAs). MultivariantELISA(detection of IgG against desmoglein 1 and 3 ‐DSG1/3;BP180,BP230, envoplakin, typeVIIcollagen), monovariantELISA, and statistical analysis were performed.ResultsWith the use of sera from patients with suspectedABDs, the multiparametricELISAyield an agreement of 84% with traditional stepwise diagnostics. MultivariantELISAwithBP180 andBP230 showed 87.5% and 80% sensitivity, 87.5% and 91% specificity, 87.5% reliability as well as 87.5% and 80% positive predictive value, 87.5% and 91% negative predictive value, respectively, in relation to monospecificELISA. MultivariantELISAwithDSG1 andDSG3 showed 50% and 80% sensitivity, 100% and 80% specificity, 85% and 80% reliability as well as 100% and 57% positive predictive value, 82% and 92% negative predictive value, respectively, in relation to monospecificELISA. A better rate of agreement was observed amongELISAsystems withBP180 andBP230, than withELISAsystems withDSG1 andDSG3.ConclusionMultivariantELISAtest combined with clinical examinations andDIFis recommended as a minimal approach to diagnosingABDs in ethnic Slavs.
Microbial community dynamics reflect reactor stability during the anaerobic digestion of a very high strength and sulfate‐rich vinasse
Authors: Jiménez Janet , Barrera Ernesto L , De Vrieze Jo , Boon Nico , DeMeester Steven , Spanjers Henri , Romero Osvaldo Romero , Dewulf Jo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicrobial community dynamics during the anaerobic digestion of vinasse has been little studied. However, having knowledge about it is essential for early detection of reactor operational difficulties to apply preventive actions. This research studies the microbial community dynamics in the anaerobic digestion of vinasse, linking to experimental observations about product yields and organic matter degradation.RESULTSMethane and sulfide yields decreased with increasing SO42‐/COD ratio, while the fraction of organic matter degraded by sulfate reducing bacteria increased from 4.5 ± 0.3% to 27.1 ± 0.6%. The archaeal community showed that acetoclastic Methanosaetaceae were little affected by the increase of the SO42‐/COD ratio, in contrast to the Methanomicrobiales and Methanobacteriales population, which decreased during the experiment. The total bacterial diversity was influenced mainly by substrate composition, showing that the increase of the SO42‐/COD ratio above 0.10 shifted the bacterial community to a lower richness.CONCLUSIONThese results provide knowledge on the dynamics of the microbial communities, which can be useful to control the anaerobic digestion of sulfate‐rich vinasses, showing that reactor stability equates to the higher ratios between total methanogens and total bacteria gene copy numbers, whereas operational difficulties can be associated to lower bacterial richness and higher community organization. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Kernel Multitask Regression for Toxicogenetics
Authors: Bernard Elsa , Jiao Yunlong , Scornet Erwan , Stoven Veronique , Walter Thomas , Vert Jean‐Philippe 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe development of high‐throughputin vitroassays to study quantitatively the toxicity of chemical compounds on genetically characterized human‐derived cell lines paves the way topredictive toxicogenetics, where one would be able to predict the toxicity of any particular compound on any particular individual. In this paper we present a machine learning‐based approach for that purpose, kernel multitask regression (KMR), which combines chemical characterizations of molecular compounds with genetic and transcriptomic characterizations of cell lines to predict the toxicity of a given compound on a given cell line. We demonstrate the relevance of the method on the recent DREAM8 Toxicogenetics challenge, where it ranked among the best state‐of‐the‐art models, and discuss the importance of choosing good descriptors for cell lines and chemicals.
Pomegranate By‐Products in Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention: Effects in Apc‐Mutated Pirc Rats and Mechanistic Studies In Vitro and Ex Vivo
Authors: Tortora Katia , Femia Angelo Pietro , Romagnoli Andrea , Sineo Irene , Khatib Mohamad , Mulinacci Nadia , Giovannelli Lisa , Caderni Giovanna 
Published: September 2017

ScopeTo investigate the effect of pomegranate mesocarp, a polyphenol‐rich by‐product of juice production, in colorectal cancer (CRC) chemoprevention.Methods and resultsA mesocarp decoction (PMD) is administered for 6 weeks in the diet to Pirc rats, mutated in Apc, a key‐gene in CRC. Mucin‐depleted foci (MDFs), as CRC biomarkers, are reduced in PMD‐fed rats compared to controls (MDF/colon: 34 ± 4 versus 47 ± 3, p = 0.02). There is an increase in apoptosis in MDFs from PMD‐treated rats compared to controls (2.5 ± 0.2 versus 1.6 ± 0.2, p < 0.01). To elucidate the involved mechanisms, two colon‐relevant metabolites of the polyphenolic and fiber PMD components, urolithin‐A (u‐A) and sodium butyrate (SB), are tested alone or in combination in vitro (colon cancer cells), and ex vivo in adenoma (AD) and normal mucosa (NM) from Pirc rats. u‐A 25 μm plus SB 2.5 mm (USB) causes a significant reduction in COX‐2 protein expression compared to untreated controls (about –70% in cancer cell cultures, AD, and NM), and a strong increase in C‐CASP‐3 expression in cells (about ten times), in AD and NM (+74 and +69%).ConclusionThese data indicate a chemopreventive activity of PMD due, at least in part, to pro‐apoptotic and anti‐inflammatory action of its metabolites that could be exploited in high‐risk patients.
Influence of Kidney Transplant Status on Warfarin Dose, Anticoagulation Control, and Risk of Hemorrhage
Authors: Yanik Megan V. , Irvin Marguerite R. , Beasley T. Mark , Jacobson Pamala A. , Julian Bruce A. , Limdi Nita A. 
Published: September 2017

Study DesignTo assess whether warfarin dose requirement, anticoagulation control, and risk of hemorrhage differ in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) compared with patients without kidney transplants (non‐KTRs).DesignAnalysis of data from the Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Cohort, a prospective cohort of first‐time warfarin users followed at two anticoagulation clinics.SettingTwo outpatient anticoagulation clinics at two large, academic, tertiary care hospitals.PatientsAdults aged 20 years or older starting warfarin for anticoagulation with a therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) goal of 2–3 who were KTRs (n=65) or non‐KTRs (n=1630).Measurements and Main ResultsWarfarin dose requirement, anticoagulation control, and risk of hemorrhage were assessed in each group. KTRs required an approximately 20% lower warfarin dose (4.7 vs 5.6 mg/day, p=0.0005) compared with non‐KTRs. Genetic variants had similar effects on dose in both groups. Mean percentage of time in therapeutic range (PTTR) was similar among KTRs and non‐KTRs. Although the proportion of patients achieving good anticoagulation control (PTTR ≥ 60%) was low in both groups, it was similar among KTRs and non‐KTRs. KTRs had a higher risk of major hemorrhage (hazard ratio 2.1, p=0.0081), but this difference was not statistically significant after controlling for kidney function, clinical, and genetic factors.ConclusionKTRs initiating warfarin require lower doses and closer monitoring to optimize anticoagulation therapy. Additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
DJ‐1 Regulates Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Smooth Muscle‐like Cells in Response to Sphingosylphosphorylcholine
Authors: Baek Suji , Lee Kang Pa , Jung Seung Hyo , Cui Long , Ko Kinarm , Kim Bokyung , Won Kyung Jong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAlthough multiple factors contribute to the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into various types of cells, the differentiation of hMSCs into smooth muscle cells (SMCs), one of central events in vascular remodeling, remains to be clarified. ROS participate in the differentiation of hMSCs into several cell types and were regulated by redox‐sensitive molecules including a multifunctional protein DJ‐1. Here, we investigated the correlation between altered proteins, especially those related to ROS, and SMC differentiation in sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC)‐stimulated hMSCs. Treatment with SPC resulted in an increased expression of SMC markers, namely α‐smooth muscle actin (SMA) and calponin, and an increased production of ROS in hMSCs. A proteomic analysis of SPC‐stimulated hMSCs revealed a distinctive alteration of the ratio between the oxidized and reduced forms of DJ‐1 in hMSCs in response to SPC. The increased abundance of oxidized DJ‐1 in SPC‐stimulated hMSCs was validated by immunoblot analysis. The SPC‐induced increase in the expression of α‐SMA was stronger in DJ‐1‐knockdown hMSCs than in control cells. Moreover, the expression of α‐SMA, and the calponin and generation of ROS in response to SPC were weaker in normal hMSCs than in DJ‐1‐overexpressing hMSCs. Exogenous H2O2 mimicked the responses induced by SPC treatment. These results indicate that the ROS‐related DJ‐1 pathway regulates the differentiation of hMSCs into SMCs in response to SPC.
The IL‐4 rs2070874 polymorphism may be associated with the severity of recurrent viral‐induced wheeze
Authors: Amat Flore , Louha Malek , Benet Marta , Guiddir Tamazoust , Bourgoin‐Heck Mélisande , Saint‐Pierre Philippe , Paluel‐Marmont Colombe , Fontaine Cécile , Lambert Nathalie , Couderc Rémy , Gonzalez Juan‐Ramon , Just Jocelyne 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundChildhood recurrent wheezing and consequently asthma corresponds to various phenotypes. Our aim was to link genetic variants of asthma candidate genes to the phenotypes of early onset wheezing.Study designWe included very young consecutive children presenting with recurrent wheezing who had been evaluated for the severity of wheezing, associated atopic comorbidities, and tested for biomarkers of atopy and inflammation. All were genotyped for 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked with asthma or atopy. An unsupervised hierarchical bottom‐up method was used for clustering the phenotypes and a multinomial logistic regression was performed for each individual SNP.ResultsWe replicated the three phenotypes previously described Trousseau Asthma Program in 317 children aged 21.5 ± 7.9 months: cluster 1 (nonatopic uncontrolled severe wheeze), n = 207, a severe viral‐induced wheeze, cluster 2 (atopic multiple trigger wheeze), n = 61, with multiple allergic comorbidities, and cluster 3 (episodic viral wheeze), n = 49, a mild viral‐induced wheeze. The TT‐genotype of the IL‐4 rs2070874 polymorphism was significantly associated with the nonatopic uncontrolled severe wheeze compared to the episodic viral wheeze (OR 7.9; CI95% [2.5‐25.3]; P = 0.001).ConclusionAssociation between the TT‐genotype of IL‐4 rs2070874 polymorphism and a severe phenotype of viral‐induced wheeze further underlines the role IL‐4 plays in the inflammation pathway leading to viral respiratory infections.
Metabolic pathways at the crossroads of diabetes and inborn errors
Authors: Goetzman Eric S. , Gong Zhenwei , Schiff Manuel , Wang Yan , Muzumdar Radhika H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractResearch over the past two decades has led to advances in our understanding of the genetic and metabolic factors that underlie the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While T2DM is defined by its hallmark metabolic symptoms, the genetic risk factors for T2DM are more immune‐related than metabolism‐related, and the observed metabolic disease may be secondary to chronic inflammation. Regardless, these metabolic changes are not benign, as the accumulation of some metabolic intermediates serves to further drive the inflammation and cell stress, eventually leading to insulin resistance and ultimately to T2DM. Because many of the biochemical changes observed in the pre‐diabetic state (i.e., ectopic lipid storage, increased acylcarnitines, increased branched‐chain amino acids) are also observed in patients with rare inborn errors of fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, an interesting question is raised regarding whether isolated metabolic gene defects can confer an increased risk for T2DM. In this review, we attempt to address this question by summarizing the literature regarding the metabolic pathways at the crossroads of diabetes and inborn errors of metabolism. Studies using cell culture and animal models have revealed that, within a given pathway, disrupting some genes can lead to insulin resistance while for others there may be no effect or even improved insulin sensitivity. This differential response to ablating a single metabolic gene appears to be dependent upon the specific metabolic intermediates that accumulate and whether these intermediates subsequently activate inflammatory pathways. This highlights the need for future studies to determine whether certain inborn errors may confer increased risk for diabetes as the patients age.
Nb-Based Nb-Al-Fe Alloys: Solidification Behavior and High-Temperature Phase Equilibria
Authors: Stein Frank , Philips Noah 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
High-melting Nb-based alloys hold significant promise for the development of novel high-temperature materials for structural applications. In order to understand the effect of alloying elements Al and Fe, the Nb-rich part of the ternary Nb-Al-Fe system was investigated. A series of Nb-rich ternary alloys were synthesized from high-purity Nb, Al, and Fe metals by arc melting. Solidification paths were identified and the liquidus surface of the Nb corner of the ternary system was established by analysis of the as-melted microstructures and thermal analysis. Complementary analysis of heat-treated samples yielded isothermal sections at 1723 K and 1873 K (1450 °C and 1600 °C).
The Impact of Microalgae in Food Science and Technology
Authors: Matos Ângelo Paggi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMicroalgae (including cyanobacteria) are promising organisms for sustainable products for use as feedstocks for food, feed, fine chemicals, and biofuels. They can synthesize a broad range of products with medium‐ to high‐value market price such as β‐1,3‐glucan polysaccharide, single‐cell‐protein, carotenoids and phycobilin pigments, and long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids that are commercialized in the food industry as dietary supplements and functional foods, in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries as cosmaceuticals and flavorants, and in the therapeutic field as nutraceutical compounds. These microorganisms are also exceptional producers of omega‐3 and omega‐6 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, and arachidonic acids that have been linked to several human health benefits. The aim of this paper is to review the main existing high‐value products that can be derived from microalgae with a particular focus on food science and technology applications. It also describes the gross and fine chemical composition of various algal species and details the nutritive importance of selected constituents. Finally, nutritional quality standards and legislative provisions to ensure food safety in the use of algal biomass are presented.
Marine vertebrate fauna from the late Eocene Samlat Formation of Ad-Dakhla, southwestern Morocco
Authors: ZOUHRI SAMIR , KHALLOUFI BOUZIANE , BOURDON ESTELLE , DE LAPPARENT DE BROIN FRANCE , RAGE JEAN-CLAUDE , M'HAÏDRAT LEILA , GINGERICH PHILIP D. , ELBOUDALI NAJIA 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLate Eocene deposits of the Samlat Formation, south of Ad-Dakhla city, southwestern Morocco, have yielded a mixed marine and terrestrial vertebrate fauna. Abundant and diversified chondrichthyans and archaeocete whales have been found, as well as the remains of sirenians and proboscideans. Here we describe the rest of this fossil assemblage which includes actinopterygians, turtles, palaeophiid snakes, crocodiles and pelagornithid seabirds. Actinopterygians are represented by at least two large-sized taxa, a scombroid probably close to the extantAcanthocybiumor to the EoceneAramichthys, and a siluriform related to the Ariidae. Turtles include at least four species represented by shell fragments. This mixed coastal and continental turtle fauna includes one littoral species of Podocnemididae, one or two deep-sea species of Dermochelyidae and one deep-sea species of Cheloniidae. Another turtle species is assigned to the terrestrial Testudinidae. Fragmentary crocodilian remains indicate the presence of undetermined eusuchians tentatively referred to Gavialidae and/or to Crocodylidae. Snake vertebrae are tentatively attributed to the genusPterosphenus(Palaeophiidae) pending the discovery of new material. Avian remains belong to a large pseudo-toothed bird (Pelagornithidae). Pseudo-tooth morphology resembles that of the late Oligocene – Neogene genusPelagornis. Additional bird remains are needed for a more precise taxonomic assignment. The fossil assemblage and palaeoenvironment of the upper Eocene deposits of the Samlat Formation appear closely related to those of the upper Eocene – lower Oligocene deposits of the Fayum (Egypt). The initial overview of this fauna provides an important contribution to the study of vertebrate evolution in North Africa near the Eocene–Oligocene transition.
Effects of bamboo dominance and palm-heart harvesting on the phylogenetic structure of the seed and seedling communities in an old-growth Atlantic Forest
Authors: Schweizer Daniella , Rother Débora Cristina , Muler Ana Elena , Rodrigues Ricardo Ribeiro , Pizo Marco Aurélio , Brancalion Pedro H. S. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract:A comprehensive assessment of the effect of disturbances on tropical and subtropical forests is needed to better understand their impacts on forest structure and diversity. Although taxonomic and functional diversity measures have been successfully adopted in this context, phylogenetic diversity metrics are still poorly explored. We compared the phylogenetic structure of the seed rain and regenerating seedling community in patches of an old-growth Atlantic Forest remnant dominated or not by a ruderal bamboo species,Guadua tagoara. We sampled those patches before and after illegal harvesting of the palmEuterpe edulisthus assessing if the harvesting led to changes in the phylogenetic structure of the seed rain and the regenerating community in both patches. Bamboo-dominated patches showed a significantly higher presence of species in the seed rain that were more distantly related to each other in the phylogeny than expected by chance compared with patches without bamboos, but this difference disappeared after palm-heart harvesting. Contrary to what we expected, we did not find significant changes in the phylogenetic structure of seedlings before or after palm-heart harvesting. The phylogenetic structure at the tips of the phylogeny was random overall. The maintenance of a higher presence of far relatives in the phylogeny of the seedling community suggests, assuming trait conservatism, that despite bamboo dominance and palm-heart harvesting, functional diversity is being preserved at least in the early regenerating stages and in the time frame of the study. However, higher presence of pioneer taxa after palm-heart harvest indicates that this disturbance may lead old-growth areas to earlier successional stages.
Using data linkage to improve surveillance methods for acute hepatitis E infections in England and Wales 2010–2016
Authors: OESER C. , SAID B. , WARBURTON F. , IJAZ S. , TEDDER R. , MORGAN D. 
Published: September 2017

SUMMARYIndigenous, foodborne transmission of hepatitis E has been increasing across industrialised countries. Public Health England has conducted enhanced surveillance in England and Wales since 2003.This report gives an account of acute infections from 2010 to 2016 and describes modification made to the methods of surveillance to account for changes in reporting behaviours and improve ascertainment.