bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute or Delayed Systemic Administration of Human Amnion Epithelial Cells Improves Outcomes in Experimental Stroke
Authors: Evans Megan A. , Lim Rebecca , Kim Hyun Ah , Chu Hannah X. , Gardiner-Mann Chantelle V. , Taylor Kimberly W.E. , Chan Christopher T. , Brait Vanessa H. , Lee Seyoung , Dinh Quynh Nhu , Vinh Antony , Phan Thanh G. , Srikanth Velandai K. , Ma Henry , Arumugam Thiruma V. , Fann David Y. , Poh Luting , Hunt Cameron P.J. , Pouton Colin W. , Haynes John M. , Selemidis Stavros , Kwan William , Teo Leon , Bourne James A. , Neumann Silke , Young Sarah , Gowing Emma K. , Drummond Grant R. , Clarkson Andrew N. , Wallace Euan M. , Sobey Christopher G. , Broughton Brad R.S. 
Published: January 2018

Background and Purpose—
Human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) are nonimmunogenic, nontumorigenic, anti-inflammatory cells normally discarded with placental tissue. We reasoned that their profile of biological features, wide availability, and the lack of ethical barriers to their use could make these cells useful as a therapy in ischemic stroke.

Methods—
We tested the efficacy of acute (1.5 hours) or delayed (1–3 days) poststroke intravenous injection of hAECs in 4 established animal models of cerebral ischemia. Animals included young (7–14 weeks) and aged mice (20–22 months) of both sexes, as well as adult marmosets of either sex.

Results—
We found that hAECs administered 1.5 hours after stroke in mice migrated to the ischemic brain via a CXC chemokine receptor type 4-dependent mechanism and reduced brain inflammation, infarct development, and functional deficits. Furthermore, if hAECs administration was delayed until 1 or 3 days poststroke, long-term functional recovery was still augmented in young and aged mice of both sexes. We also showed proof-of-principle evidence in marmosets that acute intravenous injection of hAECs prevented infarct development from day 1 to day 10 after stroke.

Conclusions—
Systemic poststroke administration of hAECs elicits marked neuroprotection and facilitates mechanisms of repair and recovery.
Effect of Acute Physical Activity on Interval Timing
Authors: Sayalı Ceyda , Uslu Ezgi , Menceloğlu Melisa , Canbeyli Reşit , Balcı Fuat 
Published: January 2018

Timing is an integral part of physical activities. Walking as a routine form of physical activity might affect interval timing primarily in two different ways within the pacemaker–accumulator timing-theoretic framework: (1) by increasing the speed of the pacemaker due to its physiological effects; (2) by decreasing attention to time and consequently slowing the rate of temporal integration by serving as a secondary task. In order to elucidate the effect of movement on subjective time, in two different experiments we employed a temporal reproduction task conducted on the treadmill under four different encoding–decoding conditions: (1) encoding and reproducing (decoding) the duration while standing (rest); (2) encoding the duration at rest and reproducing it while moving: (3) both encoding and reproducing the duration while moving; and (4) encoding the duration while moving and reproducing it at rest. In the first experiment, participants were tested either in the 4 or the 8 km/h movement condition, whereas in the second experiment a larger sample was tested only in the 4 km/h movement condition. Data were de-trended to control for long-term performance drifts. In Experiment 1, overall durations encoded at rest and reproduced during motion were under-reproduced whereas durations encoded during motion and reproduced at rest were over-reproduced only in the 8 km/h condition. In Experiment 2, the same results were observed in the 4 km/h condition with a larger sample size. These effects on timing behavior provide support for the clock speed-driven effect of movement and contradicts the predictions of attention-based mediation.
Scaling and Similarity of the Anisotropic Coherent Eddies in Near-Surface Atmospheric Turbulence
Authors: Ghannam Khaled , Katul Gabriel G. , Bou-Zeid Elie , Gerken Tobias , Chamecki Marcelo 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The low-wavenumber regime of the spectrum of turbulence commensurate with Townsend’s “attached” eddies is investigated here for the near-neutral atmospheric surface layer (ASL) and the roughness sublayer (RSL) above vegetation canopies. The central thesis corroborates the significance of the imbalance between local production and dissipation of turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) and canopy shear in challenging the classical distance-from-the-wall scaling of canonical turbulent boundary layers. Using five experimental datasets (two vegetation canopy RSL flows, two ASL flows, and one open-channel experiment), this paper explores (i) the existence of a low-wavenumber k−1 scaling law in the (wind) velocity spectra or, equivalently, a logarithmic scaling ln(r) in the velocity structure functions; (ii) phenomenological aspects of these anisotropic scales as a departure from homogeneous and isotropic scales; and (iii) the collapse of experimental data when plotted with different similarity coordinates. The results show that the extent of the k−1 and/or ln(r) scaling for the longitudinal velocity is shorter in the RSL above canopies than in the ASL because of smaller scale separation in the former. Conversely, these scaling laws are absent in the vertical velocity spectra except at large distances from the wall. The analysis reveals that the statistics of the velocity differences Δu and Δw approach a Gaussian-like behavior at large scales and that these eddies are responsible for momentum/energy production corroborated by large positive (negative) excursions in Δu accompanied by negative (positive) ones in Δw. A length scale based on TKE dissipation collapses the velocity structure functions at different heights better than the inertial length scale.
Distinct Influences of the ENSO-Like and PMM-Like SST Anomalies on the Mean TC Genesis Location in the Western North Pacific: The 2015 Summer as an Extreme Example
Authors: Hong Chi-Cherng , Lee Ming-Ying , Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Tseng Wan-Ling 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study reports the different effects of tropical and subtropical sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) on the mean tropical cyclone (TC) genesis location in the western North Pacific (WNP), a TC–SSTA relationship that has been largely ignored. In the Pacific, the interannual variability of the tropical SSTA in the boreal summer is characterized by an El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-like pattern, whereas the subtropical SSTA exhibits a Pacific meridional mode (PMM)-like structure. Partial correlation analysis reveals that the ENSO-like and PMM-like SSTAs dominate the south–north and east–west shift of mean TC genesis location, respectively. The 2015/16 El Niño was a strong event comparable with the 1997/98 event in terms of Niño-3.4 SSTA. However, the mean TC genesis location in the WNP during the summer of 2015 exhibited an unprecedented eastward shift by approximately 10 longitudinal degrees relative to that in 1997. Whereas the ENSO-like SSTAs in 1997 and 2015 were approximately equal, the amplitude of the PMM-like SSTA in 2015 was approximately twice as large as that in 1997. Numerical experiments forced by the ENSO-like and PMM-like SSTAs in June–August 2015 reveal that the positive PMM-like SSTA forces an east–west overturning circulation anomaly in the subtropical North Pacific with anomalously ascending (descending) motion in the subtropical central (western) Pacific. The mean TC genesis location in the WNP therefore shifts eastward when warmer SST occurs in the subtropical eastern Pacific. This finding supports the hypothesis that the extremely positive PMM-like SSTA in the summer of 2015 caused the unprecedented eastward shift of the TC genesis location in the WNP.
Precipitation and Mesoscale Convective Systems: Explicit versus Parameterized Convection over Northern Africa
Authors: Reinares Martínez Irene , Chaboureau Jean-Pierre 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Precipitating systems are analyzed during a dust event from 9 to 14 June 2006 over northern Africa. A common analysis is applied to satellite observations and two Meso-NH simulations: one convection permitting (grid spacing x = 2.5 km) and the other with parameterized convection (x = 20 km). The precipitating systems are identified as cloud objects and classified as deep convective clouds (DCCs) or other clouds according to their infrared signature. Large DCCs [hereafter named mesoscale convective systems (MCSs)] are tracked, characterized in terms of precipitation and thermodynamic profiles, and analyzed in southern West Africa (SWA), central Africa, and Ethiopia. Precipitation is mostly observed along 0°–15°N, with 71% of the total precipitation produced by all DCCs and 55% by long-lived MCSs. It shows a marked diurnal cycle with a peak in the evening, mainly due to long-lived MCSs, which are characterized by an increase in size, zonal speed, and duration from east to west, with the largest, fastest, and longest-lived ones found over SWA. This is due to an enhanced African easterly jet (AEJ) and monsoon flow leading to stronger shear and greater conditional instability. The simulation with parameterized convection fails to distribute precipitation correctly. The convection-permitting simulation captures most of the observed precipitation features, but lacks the increase in organization of the long-lived MCSs over SWA. Excess moisture in a too zonal AEJ flow suggests that the long-lived MCSs in SWA are poorly located with respect to African easterly waves. The convection-permitting model improves the representation of precipitation but without fully resolving the long-lived MCSs.
Furan-based self-healing breathable elastomer coating on polylactide fabric
Authors: Ryu Yeon Sung , Oh Kyung Wha , Kim Seong Hun 
Published: January 2018

The demand for breathable waterproof products has increased with the need for functional sportswear. However, these membranes have a major weakness in the loss of performance over time. The self-healing polymer has attracted much attention as a solution to this problem. In this research, a bio-based self-healing polymer from furan-based polymer was synthesized to produce a sustainable waterproof membrane. The furan-based self-healing polymer was synthesized from poly(butylene furanoate) and bismaleimide via a Diels–Alder reaction and blended with bio polyurethane. Poly(ethylene glycol) was also blended to obtain nonporous breathable waterproofness. These synthesis processes were identified by spectroscopy analysis. To investigate the self-healing ability of the polymer, a film sample was sliced and reattached. These self-healing processes were observed and verified by morphological and mechanical analysis. These self-healing polymer films were successfully healed in 24 h. The polymer was coated on a polylactide fabric using a doctor blade. The self-healing ability of the membrane was investigated by breathable water repellency analysis and it was maintained after the coating process. The waterproofness and vapor permeability were also measured, and these results identified that the fabricated membrane has a possibility as a breathable waterproof fabric. Environmental performance was confirmed by the enzymatic degradation test.
Cerebral blood flow measured by positron emission tomography during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass: an experimental porcine study
Authors: Thomassen Sisse Anette , Kjærgaard Benedict , Alstrup Aage Kristian Olsen , Munk Ole Lajord , Frøkiær Jørgen , Larsson Anders , Rasmussen Bodil Steen 
Published: January 2018

Background: Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and/or pump flow during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are the most important factors of cerebral perfusion. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of CPB blood flow on cerebral blood flow (CBF) measured by dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) using 15O-labelled water with no pharmacological interventions to maintain the MAP. Methods: Eight pigs (69-71 kg) were connected to normothermic CPB. After 60 minutes (min) with a CPB pump flow of 60 mL/kg/min, the pigs were changed to either 35 mL/kg/min or 47.5 mL/kg/min for 60 min and, thereafter, all the pigs returned to 60 mL/kg/min for another 60 min. The MAP was measured continuously and the CBF was measured by positron emission tomography (PET) during spontaneous circulation and at each CPB pump flow after 30 min of steady state. Results: Two pigs were excluded due to complications. CBF increased from spontaneous circulation to a CPB pump flow of 60 mL/kg/min. A reduction in CPB pump flow to 47.5 mL/kg/min (n=3) resulted in only minor changes in CBF while a reduction to 35 mL/kg/min (n=3) caused a pronounced change (correlation coefficient (R2) 0.56). A return of CPB pump flow to 60 mL/kg/min was followed by an increase in CBF, except in the one pig with the lowest CBF during low flow (R2=0.44). CBF and MAP were not correlated (R2=0.20). Conclusion: In this experimental porcine study, a relationship was observed between pump flow and CBF under normothermic low-flow CPB. The effect of low pump flow on MAP showed substantial variations, with no correlation between CBF and MAP.
Development of the Saskatchewan Psychiatric Occupational Therapy Driving Screen
Authors: Carey Alicia , Burton Carolyn , Grochulski Aleksandra , Pinay Paige , Remillard AJ 
Published: January 2018

Introduction Screening driving ability is challenging in psychiatry due to the fluctuating nature of psychiatric diagnoses, psychosocial factors, and the impact of medications. An examination of best practice and a literature review yielded few results, highlighting the need for the development of a driving screening framework. The goal was to develop a clinical reasoning guide, agreed upon by psychiatric occupational therapists, to improve systematic driving screening for this population. Method A series of surveys distributed to occupational therapists examined the key components to consider, utilizing a modified Delphi technique. Data from 94 completed questionnaires over three rounds were filtered, analyzed, summarized, and redistributed. Survey distribution and guideline amendment continued until consensus was achieved. Findings The Saskatchewan Psychiatric Occupational Therapy Driving Screen (SPOT-DS) has been developed as the first comprehensive clinical reasoning guide for screening drivers with psychiatric conditions. Conclusion The SPOT-DS can assist in protecting clients’ driving privileges, while ensuring public safety on the roads by providing a systematic approach to screening drivers. Further testing on its validity is warranted.
Effect of the Connecting People Intervention on Social Capital: A Pilot Study
Authors: Webber Martin , Morris David , Howarth Sharon , Fendt-Newlin Meredith , Treacy Samantha , McCrone Paul 
Published: January 2018

Objective: This pilot study evaluated the effect of the Connecting People Intervention (CPI) on access to social capital, social inclusion, and mental well-being. Method: A prospective one-group pretest –posttest preexperimental study of 155 people with a mental health problem or a learning disability receiving care and support from health and social care practitioners trained in the CPI was used. Results: Participants exposed to practice with high fidelity to the CPI model had significantly higher access to social capital ( p = .03, partial η2 = .05) and perceived social inclusion ( p = .01, partial η2 = .07), and lower service costs (−£1,331, 95% confidence interval = [−£69, −£2593]), posttest than those exposed to low fidelity to the model. All participants had significantly higher mental well-being posttest ( p < .001). Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that when fully implemented, the CPI can improve social outcomes for people with a mental health problem or learning disability.
Mediation effect of depressive symptoms in the relationship between perceived control and wellbeing in patients with heart failure and their partners
Authors: Liljeroos Maria , Strömberg Anna , Årestedt Kristofer , Chung Misook L 
Published: January 2018

Background: As treatment has improved, patients with heart failure live longer, and the care mostly takes place at home with partners providing the main assistance. Perceived control over heart failure is important in managing self-care activities to maintain health in patients and their family. Depressive symptoms are associated with impaired health status in patients with heart failure and their family. However, there is limited knowledge about how depressive symptoms affect the relationship between health status and perceived control over heart failure in patients with heart failure and their cohabiting partners. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine whether the relationship between perceived control and health status (i.e. mental and physical) was mediated by depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure and their partners. Methods: In this secondary data analysis, we included 132 heart failure patients and 132 partners who completed measures of depressive symptoms (the Beck depression inventory II), perceived control (the control attitude scale), and physical and mental health status (the short form-36) instruments. The mediation effect of depression was examined using a series of multiple regression in patients and their family caregivers separately. Results: We found a mediator effect of depressive symptoms in the relationship between perceived control and mental health status in both patients and partners. The relationship between perceived control and physical health status was mediated by depressive symptoms in the patients, not in the partners. Conclusion: Efforts to improve self-care management and maintenance by targeting perceived control may be more effective if depressive symptoms are also effectively managed.
Simple aspiration with balloon catheter technique (simple ABC technique) against proximal internal carotid artery occlusion in cases of cardiogenic cerebral embolism
Authors: Okamura Akitake , Kuroki Kazuhiko , Shinagawa Katsuhiro , Yamada Naoto 
Published: January 2018

Background In cases of acute ischemic stroke, manual aspiration of the thrombus is commonly performed with a balloon guiding catheter placed in the cervical segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA). However, most manual aspirations using a balloon guiding catheter are combined with inner catheters, as in the direct aspiration first pass technique (ADAPT). We experienced some cases of acute ischemic stroke with proximal ICA occlusion due to cardiogenic thrombus where we obtained sufficient recanalization by simple manual aspiration from inflated Optimo 9F balloon catheters (Tokai Medical Products, Japan) placed in the origin of the cervical segment of the ICA without any inner catheter or stent retriever. We perform by preference this procedure, named the simple Aspiration with Balloon Catheter (simple ABC) technique. Herein, we report two recent cases and discuss this procedure. Case presentation Case 1: An 80-year-old man with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation developed left ICA occlusion. We performed the simple ABC technique and obtained a large amount of dark red and white thrombus. Puncture-to-reperfusion time was 14 minutes with Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) grade 3. Case 2: A 69-year-old man with chronic atrial fibrillation developed left internal carotid occlusion. We performed the simple ABC technique and obtained a large amount of dark red thrombus. Puncture-to-reperfusion time was 15 minutes with TICI grade 2b. Conclusion The simple ABC technique is useful to deal with a large amount of thrombus, shortens procedure time, enables less invasive thrombectomy, and can shift immediately to subsequent procedures such as delivering a stent retriever or ADAPT.
Sport commitment in young soccer players: A self-determination perspective
Authors: Pulido Juan J , Sánchez-Oliva David , Sánchez-Miguel Pedro A , Amado Diana , García-Calvo Tomás 
Published: January 2018

Objectives Grounded on the self-determination theory, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of perceived need support/thwarting, psychological needs satisfaction/frustration and motivation on young soccer players’ sport commitment. Equipment and methods We used a sample of 430 male soccer players ( Mage = 14.21 years, SD = 1.67 years, range = 12–18 years). Results Structural equation model analysis (χ2/ df = 2.31; CFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.89, GFI = 0.91, SRMR = 0.03, RMSEA = 0.05) showed that coach supporting style positively correlated with players’ needs satisfaction, which, in turn positively predicted intrinsic motivation, which, in turn positively predicted sport commitment. On another hand, coach thwarting style positively predicted needs frustration, which positively predicted amotivation, and amotivation negatively predicted sport commitment. Conclusion The coach-created training environment can be crucial for the satisfaction or frustration of the basic psychological needs and, as a consequence, it could play an important role in young soccer players’ sport commitment.
Self-reported changes in alcohol use behavior among people living with HIV in China after receiving HIV positive diagnosis
Authors: Wang Yan , Chen Xinguang , Ball Jacob , Li Xiaoming , Zhou Yuejiao , Shen Zhiyong 
Published: January 2018

Background: Alcohol use remains a significant challenge for treating people living with HIV (people living with HIV). We aimed to examine current use and retrospective self-reported changes in drinking behavior after HIV+ diagnosis in people living with HIV. Method: Survey data were collected from a large random sample of people living with HIV (N = 2964, mean age = 42.5, standard deviation = 12.8) in Guangxi, China. Results: The estimated prevalence rate of current alcohol use was 42.8%. Among current drinkers, 41.7% reported binge drinking and 10.4% reported hazardous drinking. Among the ever drinkers, 45.4% reported reductions in drinking and 19.5% reported quitting after HIV+ diagnosis. Older age, female gender, higher income, being employed, if currently on antiretroviral therapy, and having received an HIV+ diagnosis within a year were positively associated with quitting; and more education, lower income, currently on antiretroviral therapy, and having received an HIV+ diagnosis more than one year were associated with reduced drinking. Conclusion: The time period immediately following receiving an HIV+ diagnosis may represent a window of opportunity for alcohol use intervention in people living with HIV.
The Rock Painting/Xela:ls of the Tsleil-Waututh: A Historicized Coast Salish Practice
Authors: Arnett Chris , Morin Jesse 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article argues that the red-ocher paintings (pictographs) in Coast Salish Tsleil-Waututh territory in Indian Arm, British Columbia, were made around the time of contact in specific response to demographic collapse caused by smallpox. Tsleil-Waututh people selected fifteen distinctive geological features along the shoreline of Indian Arm for marking. It is suggested that these locations were highly significant places to past Tsleil-Waututh people because they were physical embodiments of oral traditions (sxwoxwyiam) and associated with underwater-dwelling supernatural creatures (stl’aleqem). Relying on local oral traditions, regional archaeology, and local ethnographies, the article argues that these specific locations had very ancient roots in Tsleil-Waututh history but were marked in the early contact period with red paint by Tsleil-Waututh ritualists (shxwla:m, “Indian Doctor”). They did this to connect with supernatural powers in these locations, to preserve oral histories associated with them, and thus to contribute to the demographic revitalization of the Tsleil-Waututh people. The article contends that Tsleil-Waututh rock painting is not an essentialized cultural practice but a historically contingent one—a reflection of specific events.