bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stone stelae and religious space at Kültepe-Kaneš
Authors: Heffron Yağmur 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPrior to the emergence of the fully officialised temples of the Hittite state, formal religious space in Anatolia is recognisable in a handful of small shrines or sanctuaries. Presumably at the service of local communities, but neither monumental nor formulaic, such shrines attest to a modest if eclectic range of religious activities in the early second millennium. Also to be included in this range are rituals which took place within the domestic sphere, pointing to private family-based concerns, rather than a communal agenda, guiding ritual activity. Such spaces are conspicuous in the Lower Town settlement of the well-known site of Kültepe-Kaneš, where a small number of private houses were furnished with a cultic installation in the form of a stone stele. Associated with a range of other symbolically charged elements (such as ritual vessels, foundation or votive deposits), these stelae are a stark testimony to the practice of delineating permanent, formalised ritual space within quotidian domestic space. This article offers a detailed examination of stone stelae at Kültepe-Kaneš in order to identify meaningful frameworks of contextual analysis, cross-cultural comparanda and correlation of the archaeological data with visual and textual accounts of cult activity in a society in which local Anatolian and northern Mesopotamian elements intermixed over several generations from the beginning of the 20th to that of the 17th century BC.
The genetic regulatory signature of type 2 diabetes in human skeletal muscle
Authors: Scott Laura J. , Erdos Michael R. , Huyghe Jeroen R. , Welch Ryan P. , Beck Andrew T. , Wolford Brooke N. , Chines Peter S. , Didion John P. , Narisu Narisu , Stringham Heather M. , Taylor D. Leland , Jackson Anne U. , Vadlamudi Swarooparani , Bonnycastle Lori L. , Kinnunen Leena , Saramies Jouko , Sundvall Jouko , Albanus Ricardo D'Oliveira , Kiseleva Anna , Hensley John , Crawford Gregory E. , Jiang Hui , Wen Xiaoquan , Watanabe Richard M. , Lakka Timo A. , Mohlke Karen L. , Laakso Markku , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Koistinen Heikki A. , Boehnke Michael , Collins Francis S. , Parker Stephen C. J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) results from the combined effects of genetic and environmental factors on multiple tissues over time. Of the >100 variants associated with T2D and related traits in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), >90% occur in non-coding regions, suggesting a strong regulatory component to T2D risk. Here to understand how T2D status, metabolic traits and genetic variation influence gene expression, we analyse skeletal muscle biopsies from 271 well-phenotyped Finnish participants with glucose tolerance ranging from normal to newly diagnosed T2D. We perform high-depth strand-specific mRNA-sequencing and dense genotyping. Computational integration of these data with epigenome data, including ATAC-seq on skeletal muscle, and transcriptome data across diverse tissues reveals that the tissue-specific genetic regulatory architecture of skeletal muscle is highly enriched in muscle stretch/super enhancers, including some that overlap T2D GWAS variants. In one such example, T2D risk alleles residing in a muscle stretch/super enhancer are linked to increased expression and alternative splicing of muscle-specific isoforms of ANK1.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: SARI inhibits angiogenesis and tumour growth of human colon cancer through directly targeting ceruloplasmin
Authors: Dai Lei , Cui Xueliang , Zhang Xin , Cheng Lin , Liu Yi , Yang Yang , Fan Ping , Wang Qingnan , Lin Yi , Zhang Junfeng , Li Chunlei , Mao Ying , Wang Qin , Su Xiaolan , Zhang Shuang , Peng Yong , Yang Hanshuo , Hu Xun , Yang Jinliang , Huang Meijuan , Xiang Rong , Yu Dechao , Zhou Zongguang , Wei Yuquan , Deng Hongxin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSARI, also called as BATF2, belongs to the BATF family and has been implicated in cancer cell growth inhibition. However, the role and mechanism of SARI in tumour angiogenesis are elusive. Here we demonstrate that SARI deficiency facilitates AOM/DSS-induced colonic tumorigenesis in mice. We show that SARI is a novel inhibitor of colon tumour growth and angiogenesis in mice. Antibody array and HUVEC-related assays indicate that VEGF has an essential role in SARI-controlled inhibition of angiogenesis. Furthermore, Co-IP/PAGE/mass spectrometry indicates that SARI directly targets ceruloplasmin (Cp), and induces protease degradation of Cp, thereby inhibiting the activity of the HIF-1α/VEGF axis. Tissue microarray results indicate that SARI expression inversely correlates with poor clinical outcomes in colon cancer patients. Collectively, our results indicate that SARI is a potential target for therapy by inhibiting angiogenesis through the reduction of VEGF expression and is a prognostic indicator for patients with colon cancer.
Marine reserves lag behind wilderness in the conservation of key functional roles
Authors: D’agata Stéphanie , Mouillot David , Wantiez Laurent , Friedlander Alan M. , Kulbicki Michel , Vigliola Laurent 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAlthough marine reserves represent one of the most effective management responses to human impacts, their capacity to sustain the same diversity of species, functional roles and biomass of reef fishes as wilderness areas remains questionable, in particular in regions with deep and long-lasting human footprints. Here we show that fish functional diversity and biomass of top predators are significantly higher on coral reefs located at more than 20 h travel time from the main market compared with even the oldest (38 years old), largest (17,500 ha) and most restrictive (no entry) marine reserve in New Caledonia (South-Western Pacific). We further demonstrate that wilderness areas support unique ecological values with no equivalency as one gets closer to humans, even in large and well-managed marine reserves. Wilderness areas may therefore serve as benchmarks for management effectiveness and act as the last refuges for the most vulnerable functional roles.
Superconcentrated electrolytes for a high-voltage lithium-ion battery
Authors: Wang Jianhui , Yamada Yuki , Sodeyama Keitaro , Chiang Ching Hua , Tateyama Yoshitaka , Yamada Atsuo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFinding a viable electrolyte for next-generation 5 V-class lithium-ion batteries is of primary importance. A long-standing obstacle has been metal-ion dissolution at high voltages. The LiPF6 salt in conventional electrolytes is chemically unstable, which accelerates transition metal dissolution of the electrode material, yet beneficially suppresses oxidative dissolution of the aluminium current collector; replacing LiPF6 with more stable lithium salts may diminish transition metal dissolution but unfortunately encounters severe aluminium oxidation. Here we report an electrolyte design that can solve this dilemma. By mixing a stable lithium salt LiN(SO2F)2 with dimethyl carbonate solvent at extremely high concentrations, we obtain an unusual liquid showing a three-dimensional network of anions and solvent molecules that coordinate strongly to Li+ ions. This simple formulation of superconcentrated LiN(SO2F)2/dimethyl carbonate electrolyte inhibits the dissolution of both aluminium and transition metal at around 5 V, and realizes a high-voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/graphite battery that exhibits excellent cycling durability, high rate capability and enhanced safety.
Subsurface Super-resolution Imaging of Unstained Polymer Nanostructures
Authors: Urban Ben E. , Dong Biqin , Nguyen The-Quyen , Backman Vadim , Sun Cheng , Zhang Hao F. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOptical imaging has offered unique advantages in material researches, such as spectroscopy and lifetime measurements of deeply embedded materials, which cannot be matched using electron or scanning-probe microscopy. Unfortunately, conventional optical imaging cannot provide the spatial resolutions necessary for many nanoscopic studies. Despite recent rapid progress, super-resolution optical imaging has yet to be widely applied to non-biological materials. Herein we describe a method for nanoscopic optical imaging of buried polymer nanostructures without the need for extrinsic staining. We observed intrinsic stochastic fluorescence emission or blinking from unstained polymers and performed spatial-temporal spectral analysis to investigate its origin. We further applied photon localization super-resolution imaging reconstruction to the detected stochastic blinking and achieved a spatial resolution of at least 100 nm, which corresponds to a six-fold increase over the optical diffraction limit. This work demonstrates the potential for studying the static heterogeneities of intrinsic polymer molecular-specific properties at sub-diffraction-limited optical resolutions.
The infectious BAC genomic DNA expression library: a high capacity vector system for functional genomics
Authors: Lufino Michele M. P. , Edser Pauline A. H. , Quail Michael A. , Rice Stephen , Adams David J. , Wade-Martins Richard 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGene dosage plays a critical role in a range of cellular phenotypes, yet most cellular expression systems use heterologous cDNA-based vectors which express proteins well above physiological levels. In contrast, genomic DNA expression vectors generate physiologically-relevant levels of gene expression by carrying the whole genomic DNA locus of a gene including its regulatory elements. Here we describe the first genomic DNA expression library generated using the high-capacity herpes simplex virus-1 amplicon technology to deliver bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) into cells by viral transduction. The infectious BAC (iBAC) library contains 184,320 clones with an average insert size of 134.5 kb. We show in a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) disease model cell line and mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells that this library can be used for genetic rescue studies in a range of contexts including the physiological restoration of Ldlr deficiency and viral receptor expression. The iBAC library represents an important new genetic analysis tool openly available to the research community.
NMR Characterization of Information Flow and Allosteric Communities in the MAP Kinase p38γ
Authors: Aoto Phillip C. , Martin Bryan T. , Wright Peter E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe intramolecular network structure of a protein provides valuable insights into allosteric sites and communication pathways. However, a straightforward method to comprehensively map and characterize these pathways is not currently available. Here we present an approach to characterize intramolecular network structure using NMR chemical shift perturbations. We apply the method to the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38γ. p38γ contains allosteric sites that are conserved among eukaryotic kinases as well as unique to the MAPK family. How these regulatory sites communicate with catalytic residues is not well understood. Using our method, we observe and characterize for the first time information flux between regulatory sites through a conserved kinase infrastructure. This network is accessed, reinforced and broken in various states of p38γ, reflecting the functional state of the protein. We demonstrate that the approach detects critical junctions in the network corresponding to biologically significant allosteric sites and pathways.
Predator foraging altitudes reveal the structure of aerial insect communities
Authors: Helms Jackson A. , Godfrey Aaron P. , Ames Tayna , Bridge Eli S. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe atmosphere is populated by a diverse array of dispersing insects and their predators. We studied aerial insect communities by tracking the foraging altitudes of an avian insectivore, the Purple Martin (Progne subis). By attaching altitude loggers to nesting Purple Martins and collecting prey delivered to their nestlings, we determined the flight altitudes of ants and other insects. We then tested hypotheses relating ant body size and reproductive ecology to flight altitude. Purple Martins flew up to 1,889 meters above ground and nestling provisioning trips ranged up to 922 meters. Insect communities were structured by body size such that species of all sizes flew near the ground but only light insects flew to the highest altitudes. Ant maximum flight altitudes decreased by 60% from the lightest to the heaviest species. Winged sexuals of social insects (ants, honey bees and termites) dominated the Purple Martin diet, making up 88% of prey individuals and 45% of prey biomass. By transferring energy from terrestrial to aerial food webs, mating swarms of social insects play a substantial role in aerial ecosystems. Although we focus on Purple Martins and ants, our combined logger and diet method could be applied to a range of aerial organisms.
The effect of silencing 20E biosynthesis relative genes by feeding bacterially expressed dsRNA on the larval development of Chilo suppressalis
Authors: Zhu Jian , Dong Yong-Cheng , Li Ping , Niu Chang-Ying 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) is a robust tool to study gene functions as well as potential for insect pest control. Finding suitable target genes is the key step in the development of an efficient RNAi-mediated pest control technique. Based on the transcriptome of Chilo suppressalis, 24 unigenes which putatively associated with insect hormone biosynthesis were identified. Amongst these, four genes involved in ecdysteroidogenesis i.e., ptth, torso, spook and nm-g were evaluated as candidate targets for function study. The partial cDNA of these four genes were cloned and their bacterially expressed dsRNA were fed to the insects. Results revealed a significant reduction in mRNA abundance of target genes after 3 days. Furthermore, knocked down of these four genes resulted in abnormal phenotypes and high larval mortality. After 15 days, the survival rates of insects in dsspook, dsptth, dstorso and dsnm-g groups were significantly reduced by 32%, 38%, 56% and 67% respectively, compared with control. Moreover, about 80% of surviving larvae showed retarded development in dsRNA-treated groups. These results suggest that oral ingestion of bacterially expressed dsRNA in C. suppressalis could silence ptth, torso, spook and nm-g. Oral delivery of bacterially expressed dsRNA provides a simple and potential management scheme against C. suppressalis.
CXCL16 Deficiency Attenuates Renal Injury and Fibrosis in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension
Authors: Liang Hua , Ma Zhiheng , Peng Hui , He Liqun , Hu Zhaoyong , Wang Yanlin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertensive kidney disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of inflammation are not completely understood. We have found that CXCL16 is induced in the kidney in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension. Here we examined whether CXCL16 is involved in DOCA-salt-induced renal inflammation and fibrosis. Wild-type and CXCL16 knockout mice were subjected to uninephrectomy and DOCA-salt treatment for 3 weeks. There was no difference in blood pressure at baseline between wild-type and CXCL16 knockout mice. DOCA-salt treatment resulted in significant elevation in blood pressure that was comparable between wild-type and CXCL16 knockout mice. CXCL16 knockout mice exhibited less severe renal dysfunction, proteinuria and fibrosis after DOCA-salt treatment compared with wild-type mice. CXCL16 deficiency attenuated extracellular matrix protein production and suppressed bone marrow–derived fibroblast accumulation and myofibroblast formation in the kidneys following DOCA-salt treatment. Furthermore, CXCL16 deficiency reduced macrophage and T cell infiltration into the kidneys in response to DOCA-salt hypertension. Taken together, our results indicate that CXCL16 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of renal injury and fibrosis in salt-sensitive hypertension through regulation of bone marrow–derived fibroblast accumulation and macrophage and T cell infiltration.
Common molecular mechanism of amyloid pore formation by Alzheimer’s β-amyloid peptide and α-synuclein
Authors: Di Scala Coralie , Yahi Nouara , Boutemeur Sonia , Flores Alessandra , Rodriguez Léa , Chahinian Henri , Fantini Jacques 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCalcium-permeable pores formed by small oligomers of amyloid proteins are the primary pathologic species in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the assembly of these toxic oligomers in the plasma membrane of brain cells remain unclear. Here we have analyzed and compared the pore-forming capability of a large panel of amyloid proteins including wild-type, variant and truncated forms, as well as synthetic peptides derived from specific domains of Aβ1-42 and α-synuclein. We show that amyloid pore formation involves two membrane lipids, ganglioside and cholesterol, that physically interact with amyloid proteins through specific structural motifs. Mutation or deletion of these motifs abolished pore formation. Moreover, α-synuclein (Parkinson) and Aβ peptide (Alzheimer) did no longer form Ca2+-permeable pores in presence of drugs that target either cholesterol or ganglioside or both membrane lipids. These results indicate that gangliosides and cholesterol cooperate to favor the formation of amyloid pores through a common molecular mechanism that can be jammed at two different steps, suggesting the possibility of a universal therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases. Finally we present the first successful evaluation of such a new therapeutic approach (coined “membrane therapy”) targeting amyloid pores formed by Aβ1-42 and α-synuclein.
Metal-Free C–H Alkyliminylation and Acylation of Alkenes with Secondary Amides
Authors: Huang Pei-Qiang , Huang Ying-Hong , Geng Hui , Ye Jian-Liang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCarbon–carbon bond formation by metal-free cross-coupling of two reactants with low reactivity represents a challenge in organic synthesis. Secondary amides and alkenes are two classes of bench-stable compounds. The low electrophilicity of the former and low nucleophilicity of the latter make the direct coupling of these two partners challenging yet highly desirable. We report herein an unprecedented intermolecular reaction of secondary amides with alkenes to affordα,β-unsaturated ketimines or enones, which are versatile intermediates for organic synthesis and are prevalent in bioactive compounds and functional materials. Our strategy relies on the chemoselective activation of the secondary amide with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (Tf2O)/2-fluoropyridine to generate a highly reactive nitrilium intermediate, which reacts efficiently with alkenes. This metal-free synthesis is characterized by its mild reaction conditions, excellent functional group tolerance and chemoselectivity, allowing the preparation of multi-functionalized compounds without using protecting groups.
Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake rates of different species from a coral reef community after a nutrient pulse
Authors: den Haan Joost , Huisman Jef , Brocke Hannah J. , Goehlich Henry , Latijnhouwers Kelly R. W. , van Heeringen Seth , Honcoop Saskia A. S. , Bleyenberg Tanja E. , Schouten Stefan , Cerli Chiara , Hoitinga Leo , Vermeij Mark J. A. , Visser Petra M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTerrestrial runoff after heavy rainfall can increase nutrient concentrations in waters overlying coral reefs that otherwise experience low nutrient levels. Field measurements during a runoff event showed a sharp increase in nitrate (75-fold), phosphate (31-fold) and ammonium concentrations (3-fold) in waters overlying a fringing reef at the island of Curaçao (Southern Caribbean). To understand how benthic reef organisms make use of such nutrient pulses, we determined ammonium, nitrate and phosphate uptake rates for one abundant coral species, turf algae, six macroalgal and two benthic cyanobacterial species in a series of laboratory experiments. Nutrient uptake rates differed among benthic functional groups. The filamentous macroalga Cladophora spp., turf algae and the benthic cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula had the highest uptake rates per unit biomass, whereas the coral Madracis mirabilis had the lowest. Combining nutrient uptake rates with the standing biomass of each functional group on the reef, we estimated that the ammonium and phosphate delivered during runoff events is mostly taken up by turf algae and the two macroalgae Lobophora variegata and Dictyota pulchella. Our results support the often proposed, but rarely tested, assumption that turf algae and opportunistic macroalgae primarily benefit from episodic inputs of nutrients to coral reefs.
Low Cost Inkjet Printed Smart Bandage for Wireless Monitoring of Chronic Wounds
Authors: Farooqui Muhammad Fahad , Shamim Atif 
Published: June 2016

AbstractChronic wounds affect millions of patients around the world and their treatment is challenging as the early signs indicating their development are subtle. In addition, a type of chronic wound, known as pressure ulcer, develops in patients with limited mobility. Infection and frequent bleeding are indicators of chronic wound development. In this article, we present an unprecedented low cost continuous wireless monitoring system, realized through inkjet printing on a standard bandage, which can send early warnings for the parameters like irregular bleeding, variations in pH levels and external pressure at wound site. In addition to the early warnings, this smart bandage concept can provide long term wound progression data to the health care providers. The smart bandage comprises a disposable part which has the inkjet printed sensors and a reusable part constituting the wireless electronics. This work is an important step towards futuristic wearable sensors for remote health care applications.
DNA signals at isoform promoters
Authors: Dai Zhiming , Xiong Yuanyan , Dai Xianhua 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTranscriptional heterogeneity is extensive in the genome and most genes express variable transcript isoforms. However, whether variable transcript isoforms of one gene are regulated by common promoter elements remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated whether isoform promoters of one gene have separated DNA signals for transcription and translation initiation. We found that TATA box and nucleosome-disfavored DNA sequences are prevalent in distinct transcript isoform promoters of one gene. These DNA signals are conserved among species. Transcript isoform has a RNA-determined unstructured region around its start site. We found that these DNA/RNA features facilitate isoform transcription and translation. These results suggest a DNA-encoded mechanism by which transcript isoform is generated.