bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MRI tracking of autologous pancreatic progenitor-derived insulin-producing cells in monkeys
Authors: Zou Chunlin , Lu Yi , Teng Xiahong , Wang Shuyan , Sun Xiaoting , Huang Fen , Shu Guannan , Huang Xin , Guo Hongwei , Chen Zhiguo , Zhang Jian , Zhang Yu Alex 
Published: May 2017

AbstractInsulin-producing cells (IPCs) derived from a patient’s own stem cells offer great potential for autologous transplantation in diabetic patients. However, the limited survival of engrafted cells remains a bottleneck in the application of this strategy. The present study aimed to investigate whether nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance (MR) tracking can be used to detect the loss of grafted stem cell-derived IPCs in a sensitive and timely manner in a diabetic monkey model. Pancreatic progenitor cells (PPCs) were isolated from diabetic monkeys and labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). The SPION-labeled cells presented as hypointense signals on MR imaging (MRI). The labeling procedure did not affect the viability or IPC differentiation of PPCs. Importantly, the total area of the hypointense signal caused by SPION-labeled IPCs on liver MRI decreased before the decline in C-peptide levels after autotransplantation. Histological analysis revealed no detectable immune response to the grafts and many surviving insulin- and Prussian blue-positive cell clusters on liver sections at one year post-transplantation. Collectively, this study demonstrates that SPIO nanoparticles can be used to label stem cells for noninvasive, sensitive, longitudinal monitoring of stem cell-derived IPCs in large animal models using a conventional MR imager.
All-fiber spatial rotation manipulation for radially asymmetric modes
Authors: Mo Qi , Hong Zhikun , Yu Dawei , Fu Songnian , Wang Liang , Oh Kyunghwan , Tang Ming , Liu Deming 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe propose and experimentally demonstrate spatial rotation manipulation for radially asymmetric modes based on two kinds of polarization maintaining few-mode fibers (PM-FMFs). Theoretical finding shows that due to successful suppression of both polarization and spatial mode coupling, the spatial rotation of radially asymmetric modes has an excellent linear relationship with the twist angle of PM-FMF. Both elliptical core and panda type FMFs are fabricated, in order to realize manageable spatial rotation of LP11 mode within ±360° range. Finally, we characterize individual PM-FMF based spatial orientation rotator and present comprehensive performance comparison between two PM-FMFs in terms of insertion loss, temperature sensitivity, linear polarization maintenance, and mode scalability.
Serum miRNA signature diagnoses and discriminates murine colitis subtypes and predicts ulcerative colitis in humans
Authors: Viennois Emilie , Zhao Yuan , Han Moon Kwon , Xiao Bo , Zhang Mingzhen , Prasad Meena , Wang Lixin , Merlin Didier 
Published: May 2017

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific and variable symptoms, and lack of reliable diagnostic tests. Current methods are invasive, non-sensitive, non-predictive, and do not easily discriminate between its two main forms. Consequently, there remains a great need for reliable serum markers for IBD. Here, using a longitudinal study of various mouse models of colitis, we identified a serum miRNA signature that indicated the development of colitis and discriminated between inflammations of various origins (colitis from arthritis). Unlike the existing biomarkers, the newly identified signature also serves to distinguish individuals at risk, predict the type of inflammation, and evaluate the response to therapeutics. Moreover, the miRNA signature identified in mice predicted ulcerative colitis with 83.3% accuracy. In future, the signature identified herein could play a central role in monitoring inflammatory disorders and therapeutic responses in patients, thereby paving the way for personalized medicine.
The structural and magnetic properties of dual phase cobalt ferrite
Authors: Gore Shyam K. , Jadhav Santosh S. , Jadhav Vijaykumar V. , Patange S. M. , Naushad Mu. , Mane Rajaram S. , Kim Kwang Ho 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe bismuth (Bi3+)-doped cobalt ferrite nanostructures with dual phase, i.e. cubic spinel with space group Fd3m and perovskite with space group R3c, have been successfully engineered via self-ignited sol-gel combustion route. To obtain information about the phase analysis and structural parameters, like lattice constant, Rietveld refinement process is applied. The replacement of divalent Co2+ by trivalent Bi3+ cations have been confirmed from energy dispersive analysis of the ferrite samples. The micro-structural evolution of cobalt ferrite powders at room temperature under various Bi3+ doping levels have been identified from the digital photoimages recorded using scanning electron microscopy. The hyperfine interactions, like isomer shift, quadrupole splitting and magnetic hyperfine fields, and cation distribution are confirmed from the Mossbauer spectra. Saturation magnetization is increased with Bi3+-addition up to x = 0.15 and then is decreased when x = 0.2. The coercivity is increased from 1457 to 2277 G with increasing Bi3+-doping level. The saturation magnetization, coercivity and remanent ratio for x = 0.15 sample is found to be the highest, indicating the potential of Bi3+-doping in enhancing the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite.
Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells protect against cisplatin-induced ovarian granulosa cell stress and apoptosis in vitro
Authors: Sun Liping , Li Dong , Song Kun , Wei Jianlu , Yao Shu , Li Zhao , Su Xuantao , Ju Xiuli , Chao Lan , Deng Xiaohui , Kong Beihua , Li Li 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHuman umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (huMSCs) can treat primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) related to ovarian granulosa cell (OGC) apoptosis caused by cisplatin chemotherapy. Exosomes are a class of membranous vesicles with diameters of 30–200 nm that are constitutively released by eukaryotic cells. Exosomes mediate local cell-to-cell communication by transferring microRNAs and proteins. In the present study, we demonstrated the effects of exosomes derived from huMSCs (huMSC-EXOs) on a cisplatin-induced OGC model in vitro and discussed the preliminary mechanisms involved in these effects. We successfully extracted huMSC-EXOs from huMSC culture supernatant and observed the effective uptake of exosomes by cells with fluorescent staining. Using flow cytometry (with annexin-V/PI labelling), we found that huMSC-EXOs increased the number of living cells. Western blotting showed that the expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 were upregulated, whilst the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP were downregulated to protect OGCs. These results suggest that huMSC-EXOs can be used to prevent and treat chemotherapy-induced OGC apoptosis in vitro. Therefore, this work provides insight and further evidence of stem cell function and indicates that huMSC-EXOs protect OGCs from cisplatin-induced injury in vitro.
A novel CXCR4-targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (Peptide R-NIR750) specifically detects CXCR4 expressing tumors
Authors: Santagata Sara , Portella Luigi , Napolitano Maria , Greco Adelaide , D’Alterio Crescenzo , Barone Maria Vittoria , Luciano Antonio , Gramanzini Matteo , Auletta Luigi , Arra Claudio , Zannetti Antonella , Scala Stefania 
Published: May 2017

AbstractC-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is over-expressed in multiple human cancers and correlates with tumor aggressiveness, poor prognosis and increased risk for distant metastases. Imaging agents for CXCR4 are thus highly desirable. We developed a novel CXCR4-targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (Peptide R-NIR750) conjugating the new developed CXCR4 peptidic antagonist Peptide R with the NIR fluorescent dye VivoTag-S750. Specific CXCR4 binding was obtained in cells overexpressing human CXCR4 (B16-hCXCR4 and human melanoma cells PES43), but not in CXCR4 low expressing cells (FB-1). Ex vivo evaluation demonstrated that PepR-NIR750 specifically detects B16-hCXCR4-derived subcutaneous tumors and lung metastases. Fluorescence Molecular Tomography (FMT) in vivo imaging was performed on mice carrying subcutaneous CHO and CHO-CXCR4 tumors. PepR-NIR750 accumulates only in CXCR4-positive expressing subcutaneous tumors. Additionally, an intense NIR fluorescence signal was detected in PES43-derived lung metastases of nude mice injected with PepR-NIR750 versus mice injected with VivoTag-S750. With a therapeutic intent, mice bearing PES43-derived lung metastases were treated with Peptide R. A the dramatic reduction in PES43-derived lung metastases was detected through a decrease of the PepR-NIR750 signal. PepR-NIR750 is a specific probe for non-invasive detection of human high CXCR4-expressing tumors and metastatic lesion and thus a valuable tool for cancer molecular imaging.
Chronic Alcohol Consumption Promotes Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis via Immune Disturbances
Authors: Yan Guoxiu , Wang Xuefu , Sun Cheng , Zheng Xiaodong , Wei Haiming , Tian Zhigang , Sun Rui 
Published: May 2017

AbstractChronic alcohol consumption increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, little is known about the potential immunological mechanisms by which ethanol affects tumor progression. Here, adult male mice were administered multiple doses of diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Four and a half months later, the DEN-treated mice were placed on a liquid Lieber-DeCarli control diet or diet containing 5% ethanol for 2.5 months. At the end of the study, liver tissue samples were obtained to analyze pathology, gene expression, and hepatic mononuclear cells (MNCs). Results showed that ethanol feeding exacerbates the progression of hepatic tumors (characterized by the ratio of liver weight to body weight, and the tumor volume and diameter) in DEN-treated mice. Mechanistically, chronic alcohol consumption decreased the number of antitumor CD8+ T cells but increased the number of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the liver in DEN-initiated tumorigenesis. Besides, TAMs were prone to be M2 phenotype after alcohol consumption. Moreover, chronic alcohol consumption aggravated inflammation, fibrosis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the pathological process of HCC. These data demonstrate that chronic alcohol consumption exacerbates DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by enhancing protumor immunity, impairing antitumor immunity and aggravating hepatic pathological injury. Targeting the immune system is a potential therapeutic regimen for alcohol-promoted HCC.
Colitis promotes neuronal differentiation of Sox2+ and PLP1+ enteric cells
Authors: Belkind-Gerson Jaime , Graham Hannah K. , Reynolds Justin , Hotta Ryo , Nagy Nandor , Cheng Lily , Kamionek Michal , Shi Hai Ning , Aherne Carol M. , Goldstein Allan M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMechanisms mediating adult enteric neurogenesis are largely unknown. Using inflammation-associated neurogenesis models and a transgenic approach, we aimed to understand the cell-source for new neurons in infectious and inflammatory colitis. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and Citrobacter rodentium colitis (CC) was induced in adult mice and colonic neurons were quantified. Sox2GFP and PLP1GFP mice confirmed the cell-type specificity of these markers. Sox2CreER:YFP and PLP1creER:tdT mice were used to determine the fate of these cells after colitis. Sox2 expression was investigated in colonic neurons of human patients with Clostridium difficile or ulcerative colitis. Both DSS and CC led to increased colonic neurons. Following colitis in adult Sox2CreER:YFP mice, YFP initially expressed predominantly by glia becomes expressed by neurons following colitis, without observable DNA replication. Similarly in PLP1CreER:tdT mice, PLP1 cells that co-express S100b but not RET also give rise to neurons following colitis. In human colitis, Sox2-expressing neurons increase from 1–2% to an average 14% in colitis. The new neurons predominantly express calretinin, thus appear to be excitatory. These results suggest that colitis promotes rapid enteric neurogenesis in adult mice and humans through differentiation of Sox2- and PLP1-expressing cells, which represent enteric glia and/or neural progenitors. Further defining neurogenesis will improve understanding and treatment of injury-associated intestinal motility/sensory disorders.
Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Empagliflozin in Healthy Egyptian Volunteers Using LC-MS/MS and Comparison with Other Ethnic Populations
Authors: Ayoub Bassam M. , Mowaka Shereen , Elzanfaly Eman S. , Ashoush Nermeen , Elmazar Mohamed M. , Mousa Shaker A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe present study considered the pharmacokinetic evaluation of empagliflozin after administration to Egyptian volunteers, and the results were compared with other ethnic populations. The FDA recognizes that standard methods of defining racial subgroups are necessary to compare results across pharmacokinetic studies and to assess potential subgroup differences. The design of the study was as an open labeled, randomized, one treatment, one period, single dose pharmacokinetic study. The main pharmacokinetic parameters estimated were Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, elimination rate constant, AUC0-t and AUC0-inf. The insignificant difference in pharmacokinetic parameters between Egyptians and white German subjects suggests that no dose adjustment should be considered with administration of 25 mg empagliflozin to Egyptian population. A new LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated, allowing sensitive estimation of empagliflozin (25–600 ng mL−1) in human plasma using dapagliflozin as an internal standard (IS). The method was applied successfully on the underlying pharmacokinetic study with enhanced sample preparation that involved liquid-liquid extraction. Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) of the transition pairs of m/z 449.01 to 371.21 for empagliflozin and m/z 407.00 to 328.81 for dapagliflozin (IS) was employed utilizing negative mode Electro Spray Ionization (ESI). The validated LC-MS/MS method is suitable for further toxicodynamic and bioequivalence studies.
Proof-of-Concept Gene Editing for the Murine Model of Inducible Arginase-1 Deficiency
Authors: Sin Yuan Yan , Price Phillipe R. , Ballantyne Laurel L. , Funk Colin D. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractArginase-1 deficiency in humans is a rare genetic disorder of metabolism resulting from a loss of arginase-1, leading to impaired ureagenesis, hyperargininemia and neurological deficits. Previously, we generated a tamoxifen-inducible arginase-1 deficient mouse model harboring a deletion ofArg1exons 7 and 8 that leads to similar biochemical defects, along with a wasting phenotype and death within two weeks. Here, we report a strategy utilizing theClustered,RegularlyInterspaced,ShortPalindromicRepeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system in conjunction withpiggyBactechnology to target and reincorporate exons 7 and 8 at the specificArg1locus in attempts to restore the function of arginase-1 in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived hepatocyte-like cells (iHLCs) and macrophagesin vitro. While successful gene targeted repair was achieved, minimal urea cycle function was observed in the targeted iHLCs compared to adult hepatocytes likely due to inadequate maturation of the cells. On the other hand, iPSC-derived macrophages expressed substantial amounts of “repaired” arginase. Our studies provide proof-of-concept for gene-editing at theArg1locus and highlight the challenges that lie ahead to restore sufficient liver-based urea cycle function in patients with urea cycle disorders.
Platelet-rich plasma respectively reduces and promotes adipogenic and myofibroblastic differentiation of human adipose-derived stromal cells via the TGFβ signalling pathway
Authors: Chignon-Sicard Bérengère , Kouidhi Magali , Yao Xi , Delerue-Audegond Audrey , Villageois Phi , Peraldi Pascal , Ferrari Patricia , Rival Yves , Piwnica David , Aubert Jérôme , Dani Christian 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAutologous fat grafting is a gold standard therapy for soft tissue defects, but is hampered by unpredictable postoperative outcomes. Fat graft enrichment with adipose-derived stromal cell (ASCs) was recently reported to enhance graft survival. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has also emerged as a biologic scaffold that promotes fat graft viability. Combined ASC/PRP fat grafting enrichment is thus a promising new regenerative medicine approach. The effects of PRP on ASC proliferation are well documented, but the impact of PRP on ASC differentiation has yet to be investigated in depth to further elucidate the PRP clinical effects. Here we analyzed the human ASC fate upon PRP treatment. PRP was found to sharply reduce the potential of ASCs to undergo differentiation into adipocytes. Interestingly, the PRP anti-adipogenic effect was accompanied by the generation of myofibroblast-like cells. Among the various factors released from PRP, TGFβ pathway activators played a critical role in both the anti-adipogenic and pro-myofibroblastic PRP effects. Overall, these data suggest that PRP participates in maintaining a pool of ASCs and in the repair process by promoting ASC differentiation into myofibroblast-like cells. TGFβ may provide an important target pathway to improve PRP clinical outcomes.
Physiological mechanisms of drought-induced tree die-off in relation to carbon, hydraulic and respiratory stress in a drought-tolerant woody plant
Authors: Saiki Shin-Taro , Ishida Atsushi , Yoshimura Kenichi , Yazaki Kenichi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDrought-induced tree die-off related to climate change is occurring worldwide and affects the carbon stocks and biodiversity in forest ecosystems. Hydraulic failure and carbon starvation are two commonly proposed mechanisms for drought-induced tree die-off. Here, we show that inhibited branchlet respiration and soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance, likely caused by cell damage, occur prior to hydraulic failure (xylem embolism) and carbon starvation (exhaustion of stored carbon in sapwood) in a drought-tolerant woody species, Rhaphiolepis wrightiana Maxim. The ratio of the total leaf area to the twig sap area was used as a health indicator after drought damage. Six adult trees with different levels of tree health and one dead adult tree were selected. Two individuals having the worst and second worst health among the six live trees died three months after our study was conducted. Soil-to-leaf hydraulic conductance and leaf gas exchange rates decreased linearly as tree health declined, whereas xylem cavitation and total non-structural carbon remained unchanged in the branchlets except in the dead and most unhealthy trees. Respiration rates and the number of living cells in the sapwood decreased linearly as tree health declined. This study is the first report on the importance of dehydration tolerance and respiration maintenance in living cells.
Compressive Myelopathy Due to Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Teles Alisson , Farias Frederico , Roxo Marcelo , Brasil Albert 
Published: May 2017

AbstractOssification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) is a rare condition in which the ligamentum flavum, due to mechanical, biological and genetic factors, becomes ossified. Due to its nature and anatomic location, OLF produces symptoms characteristic of spinal cord compression. The diagnostic confirmation is based primarily on imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ossification of the ligamentum flavum most often affects Asian populations, rarely occurring in black people. The authors report a case of a 61-year-old black man with progressive paraparesis due to OLF, and review the literature regarding the pathology's prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
Sekundäre Korrektur einer großflächigen Verbrennungsnarbe im Bereich des Handrückens mit einem Collagen-Elastin-Dermisersatz und Spalthaut
Authors: Lebo Patricia , Grohmann Martin , Kamolz Lars 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungIm Fall von schweren (IIb-III gradigen) Verbrennungen sind die Hände in über 80% mitbeteiligt. Auch die schnellstmögliche und richtige initiale chirurgische Versorgung sichert nicht zwingend ein funktionell und ästhetisch zufriedenstellendes Ergebnis, wenn die interdisziplinäre Nachsorge und Patientencompliance mangelhaft sind. In dem vorliegenden Fall führte dies bei einer IIb-III gradigen Verbrennung beider Hände zu instabilen Narbenverhältnisse im Bereich beider Handrücken sowie einer Intrinsic-minus-Handstellung beidseits. Wir zeigen, dass auch eine sekundäre Versorgung einer Verbrennungsnarbe im Bereich der Hände mit einem Collagen-Elastin-basierten Dermisersatz und nochmaliger Spalthauttransplantation mit dem richtigen interdisziplinären postoperativen Regime zu einem Ergebnis führen kann, das funktionell und ästhetisch einer gesunden Hand entspricht, jedoch mit einem deutlich erhöhtem Aufwand.
Gezielte Antibiotika-Prophylaxe und Therapie periprothetischer Infektionen der Brust – Erfahrungen aus 468 konsekutiven Implantatentfernungen
Authors: Lohmeyer Jörn , Alawadi Mai , Bergmann Philipp , Schmauss Daniel , Wittig Klaus 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Periprothetische Infektionen sind gefürchtete Komplikationen sowohl der ästhetischen, als auch der rekonstruktiven Brustchirurgie. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die Aufarbeitung der in einem Referenzzentrum für primäre und sekundäre Brustchirurgie behandelten Implantatlagerinfektionen, um eine Empfehlung zur prophylaktischen, aber auch therapeutischen antibiotischen Therapie aussprechen zu können.
Patienten und Methoden Für den Zeitraum vom 01.01.2012 bis 31.12.2015 wurden retrospektiv alle Patientinnen erfasst, bei denen ein Wechsel oder die Entfernung von Brustimplantaten erfolgt war. Anhand der Patientenakten wurden die OP-Indikationen herausgearbeitet und speziell auf Infektzeichen und Angaben zu Kapselfibrosen analysiert. Zudem wurden alle mikrobiologischen Untersuchungen dieser Eingriffe erfasst und ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse In unserer Klinik wurden im betrachteten Zeitraum 468 Implantatwechsel bzw. -explantationen bei 360 Patientinnen durchgeführt. Bei insgesamt 169 Patientinnen wurden mikrobiologische Abstrichuntersuchungen aus 245 Implantatlagern durchgeführt. Aus 23 Implantatlagern (21 Patientinnen) erfolgte ein Erregernachweis. Bei 6 weiteren Implantaten (4 Patientinnen) lagen Zeichen eines periprothetischen Infektes vor, ohne dass jedoch ein Keimnachweis gelang. In den meisten Fällen ergab die fortgeschrittene Kapselfibrose die Indikation zum Implantatwechsel. In 17 Abstrichen erfolgte ein Keimnachweis trotz fehlendem klinischen Infektverdacht. Als Erreger wurden in 17 Fällen koagulasenegative Staphylokokken, in 4 Staphylococcus aureus, und jeweils in einem Fall E. coli, Morganella morganii und Proprionibacterium acnes nachgewiesen (eine Doppelinfektion). Alle Erreger waren gegenüber Piperacillin/Tazobactam und Vancomycin sensibel, gegenüber Cefuroxim und Amoxycillin/Clavulansäure lagen jeweils eine, gegenüber Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin und Clindamycin je 2 Resistenzen vor.
Schlussfolgerung In der Mehrzahl der Fälle ergab sich ein Keimnachweis als Zufallsbefund, während die Kapselfibrose klinisch führend war. Erreger und Resistenzlage unterschieden sich von der Mehrzahl internationaler Publikationen. Cefuroxim und Amoxycillin/Clavulansäure haben sich mit jeweils einer Resistenz als Antibiotika zur empirischen Infektprophylaxe und -therapie bewährt. Als Reserveantibiotikum, insbesondere bei fulminanten Infekten, bietet sich unter anderem Piperacillin/Tazobactam an.