bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Expressing Sulfatase 1 Facilitate VEGFA-Dependent Microenvironmental Remodeling to Support Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wang Huijuan , Chen Jiaxin , Chen Xiaoyu , Liu Yingqiang , Wang Jiawei , Meng Qing , Wang Huogang , He Ying , Song Yujia , Li Jingyun , Ju Zhenyu , Xiao Peng , Qian Junbin , Song Zhangfa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Tumor stroma plays a critical role in fostering tumor progression and metastasis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are a major component of the tumor stroma. Identifying the key molecular determinants for the protumor properties of CAFs could enable the development of more effective treatment strategies. In this study, through analyses of single-cell sequencing data, we identified a population of CAFs expressing high levels of sulfatase 1 (SULF1), which was associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer models using mice with conditional SULF1 knockout in fibroblasts revealed the tumor-supportive function of SULF1+ CAFs. Mechanistically, SULF1+ CAFs enhanced the release of VEGFA from heparan sulfate proteoglycan. The increased bioavailability of VEGFA initiated the deposition of extracellular matrix and enhanced angiogenesis. In addition, intestinal microbiota–produced butyrate suppressed SULF1 expression in CAFs through its histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activity. The insufficient butyrate production in patients with colorectal cancer increased the abundance of SULF1+ CAFs, thereby promoting tumor progression. Importantly, tumor growth inhibition by HDAC was dependent on SULF1 expression in CAFs, and patients with colorectal cancer with more SULF1+ CAFs were more responsive to treatment with the HDAC inhibitor chidamide. Collectively, these findings unveil the critical role of SULF1+ CAFs in colorectal cancer and provide a strategy to stratify patients with colorectal cancer for HDAC inhibitor treatment.
Significance: SULF1+ cancer-associated fibroblasts play a tumor-promoting role in colorectal cancer by stimulating extracellular matrix deposition and angiogenesis and can serve as a biomarker for the therapeutic response to HDAC inhibitors in patients.
Endovascular Treatment of Flow-Limiting Iliofemoral Stenosis Improves Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients With HFpEF by Reducing Aortic Pulsatile Load
Authors: Baasen Sven , Stern Manuel , Wischmann Patricia , Schremmer Johanna , Sansone Roberto , Spieker Maximilian , Wolff Georg , Bönner Florian , Quast Christine , Heiss Christian , Kelm Malte , Busch Lucas 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Recent research indicates that there is a high prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in patients with peripheral artery disease. We hypothesized that endovascular treatment (EVT) of flow-limiting peripheral stenosis improves left ventricular (LV) diastolic function.

METHODS:
Thirty patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction according to Heart Failure Association−preserved ejection fraction score who were scheduled for EVT or angiography were investigated at baseline, the day after EVT (n=25) or angiography (control, n=5), and at 4 months follow-up. Peripheral hemodynamics were determined by the total peripheral resistance, common femoral artery flow, and ankle brachial index. Aortic function was measured by arterial compliance, augmentation index, and pulse wave velocity. Aortic pulsatile load was estimated as the characteristic impedance of the proximal aorta and the magnitude of wave reflection (reflection coefficient). LV mass index, LV mean wall thickness, and systolic and diastolic function were assessed using echocardiography. Patient-centered outcomes were treadmill walking distance and New York Heart Association class.

RESULTS:

After EVT, peripheral hemodynamics changed significantly with a decrease in total peripheral resistance and an increase in common femoral artery flow and ankle brachial index. Aortic function improved after EVT, with significantly reduced augmentation index and pulse wave velocity and increased compliance immediately and at follow-up, resulting in a reduction in aortic pulsatile load (characteristic impedance of the proximal aorta and reflection coefficient). Concurrently, LV diastolic function improved after EVT compared with control, acutely and at follow-up, with increased septal and lateral e´ velocities and decreased
E
/
e
´ and left atrial volume index. The LV mass index and LV mean wall thickness decreased at follow-up. The New York Heart Association class and treadmill walking distance improved post-EVT at follow-up. Augmentation index, pulse wave velocity, and arterial compliance were identified as independent contributors to
E
/
e
´.

CONCLUSIONS:
Endovascular treatment of flow-limiting iliofemoral stenosis reduces aortic pulsatile load and concurrently lowers total peripheral resistance. This beneficial effect is associated with an acute and sustained improvement of left ventricular diastolic function.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02728479.
Hospital and Physician Variability in Revascularization Decisions and Outcomes for Patients With 3‐Vessel and Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Wilson Todd , James Matthew T. , Southern Danielle , Har Bryan , Graham Michelle M. , Brass Neil , Bainey Kevin , Fedak Paul W. M. , Sajobi Tolulope T. , Wilton Stephen B. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Hospital‐ and physician‐level variation for selection of percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for patients with coronary artery disease has been associated with outcome differences. However, most studies excluded patients treated medically.

Methods and Results
From 2010 to 2019, adults with 3‐vessel or left main coronary artery disease at 3 hospitals (A, B, C) in Alberta, Canada, were categorized by treatment with medical therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention, or CABG. Multilevel regression models determined the proportion of variation in treatment attributable to patient, physician, and hospital factors, and survival models assessed outcomes including death and major adverse cardiovascular events over 5 years. Of 22 580 patients (mean age, 67 years; 80% men): 6677 (29%) received medical management, 9171 (41%) percutaneous coronary intervention, and 6732 (30%) CABG. Hospital factors accounted for 10.8% of treatment variation. In adjusted models (site A as reference), patients at sites B and C had 49% (95% CI, 44%–53%) and 43% (95% CI, 37%–49%) lower rates of medical therapy, respectively, and 31% (95% CI, 24%–38%) and 32% (95% CI, 24%–40%) lower rates of CABG. During 5.0 years median follow‐up, 3287 (14.6%) patients died, with no intersite mortality differences. There were no between‐site differences in acute coronary syndromes or stroke; patients at sites B and C had 24% lower risk (95% CI, 13%–34% and 11%–35%, respectively) of heart failure hospitalization.

Conclusions
Hospital‐level variation in selection of percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG, or medical therapy for patients with complex coronary artery disease was not associated with differences in 5‐year mortality rates. Research and quality improvement initiatives comparing revascularization practices should include medically managed patients.
Gut Dysbiosis in Patients With Fontan Circulation
Authors: Ohuchi Hideo , Asano Ryotaro , Mori Aki , Ishibashi Tomohiko , Motooka Daisuke , Nakai Michikazu , Nakaoka Yoshikazu 
Published: September 2024

Background
The process underlying Fontan pathophysiology is multifactorial and may include gut dysbiosis (GD). We investigated the presence of GD and elucidated its correlation with Fontan pathophysiology.

Methods and Results

Gut microbiomes of 155 consecutive patients with Fontan pathophysiology and 44 healthy individuals were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing of bacterial DNA extracted from fecal samples. GD was evaluated on the basis of α and ß diversities of the gut microbiome and was compared with natural log‐transformed C‐reactive protein, hemodynamics, von Willebrand factor antigen (a bacterial translocation marker), Mac‐2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (a liver fibrosis indicator), peak oxygen uptake, and heart failure hospitalization. Patients with Fontan exhibited GD in terms of α and ß diversities as compared with controls (
P
<0.01). Reduced α diversity was associated with a failed hemodynamic phenotype, hypoxia, high natural log‐transformed C‐reactive protein levels, and elevated von Willebrand factor antigen and Mac‐2 binding protein glycosylation isomer levels (
P
<0.05–0.01). In addition to elevated von Willebrand factor antigen and hypoxia, decreased α diversity was independently correlated with a high natural log‐transformed C‐reactive protein level (
P
<0.05), which was associated with liver imaging abnormalities and a heightened risk of heart failure hospitalization (
P
<0.01 for both).

Conclusions
Patients with Fontan pathophysiology exhibited GD compared with healthy individuals, and GD was linked to failed hemodynamics and systemic inflammation with a poor prognosis. Therefore, GD may play a pivotal role in a failing Fontan status, including Fontan‐associated liver disease, through GD‐associated systemic inflammation.
Smaller Left Ventricular Size But Preserved Function in Adolescents and Adults Born Preterm
Authors: Barton Gregory P. , Chandra Alvin , Sanchez‐Solano Nataly , Berry Jarett D. , Goss Kara N. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Prematurely born adults have increased risk for cardiovascular disease. There are limited cardiac data on US‐born preterm individuals. We aimed to determine whether adolescents and adults born prematurely have altered left ventricular (LV) structure and function, and to interrogate diastolic function using isometric handgrip exercise.

Methods and Results

Adolescents and adults born moderately to extremely preterm (≤32 weeks gestation or <1500 g birth weight) were recruited from the Parkland Health Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Registry. Full‐term participants were recruited from the local area. Study procedures included anthropometrics and vitals, handgrip testing, and echocardiography performed at rest and during isometric handgrip exercise. Data were reported as mean±SD. The study enrolled 107 preterm and 48 term participants. Preterm participants (gestational age: 29.5±2.5 weeks) were shorter with higher body mass index (
P
<0.001) compared with term participants. Preterm participants exhibited smaller LV end‐diastolic volume index (50.8±10.1 versus 56.9±10.0 mL/m
2
,
P
<0.001), LV stroke volume index (29.6±6.0 versus 34.1±6.5 mL/m
2
,
P
<0.001), and LV mass index (67.2±13.1 versus 73.3±14.2 g/m
2
,
P
=0.002) compared with term individuals. Preterm participants also had subclinical reductions in LV peak systolic tissue velocity and peak early diastolic tissue velocity lateral at rest. Isometric handgrip exercise promoted a reduction in diastolic function and an increase in hemodynamic measures, but changes during isometric handgrip exercise were similar between groups.

Conclusions
Adolescents and adults born preterm exhibit overall normal cardiac function despite smaller cardiac volumes and mass compared with individuals born full term. Effects are most pronounced at the lowest gestational ages.
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Control Following Release From Carceral Facilities: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Aminawung Jenerius A. , Puglisi Lisa B. , Roy Brita , Horton Nadine , Elumn Johanna E. , Lin Hsiu‐Ju , Bibbins‐Domingo Kirsten , Krumholz Harlan , Wang Emily A. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Incarceration is a social determinant of cardiovascular health but is rarely addressed in clinical settings or public health prevention efforts. People who have been incarcerated are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) at younger ages and have worse cardiovascular outcomes compared with the general population, even after controlling for traditional risk factors. This study aims to identify incarceration‐specific factors that are associated with uncontrolled CVD risk factors to identify potential targets for prevention.

Methods and Results
Using data from JUSTICE (Justice‐Involved Individuals Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology), a prospective cohort study of individuals released from incarceration with CVD risk factors, we examine the unique association between incarceration‐specific factors and CVD risk factor control. Participants (N=471), with a mean age of 45.0±10.8 (SD) years, were disproportionately from racially minoritized groups (79%), and poor (91%). Over half (54%) had at least 1 uncontrolled CVD risk factor at baseline. People released from jail, compared with prison, had lower Life's Essential 8 scores for blood pressure and smoking. Release from jail, as compared with prison, was associated with an increased odds of having an uncontrolled CVD risk factor, even after adjusting for age, race and ethnicity, gender, perceived stress, and life adversity score (adjusted odds ratio 1.62 [95% CI, 1.02–2.57]).

Discussion
Release from jail is associated with poor CVD risk factor control and requires tailored intervention, which is informative as states design and implement the Centers of Medicare & Medicaid Services Reentry 1115 waiver, which allows Medicaid to cover services before release from correctional facilities.
Development of a Wave Model Component in the First Coupled Global Ensemble Forecast System at NOAA
Authors: Alves Jose-Henrique , Padilla-Hernandez Roberto , Spindler Deanna , Kolczynski Walter , Rajan Bhavani , Spindler Todd , Abdolali Ali , Campos Ricardo , Banihashemi Saeideh , Meixner Jessica 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We describe the development of the wave component in the first global-scale coupled operational forecast system using the Unified Forecasting System (UFS) at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), part of the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) operational forecasting suite. The operational implementation of the atmosphere–wave coupled Global Ensemble Forecast System, version 12 (GEFSv12), in September 2020 was a critical step in NOAA’s transition to the broader community-based UFS framework. GEFSv12 represents a significant advancement, extending forecast ranges and empowering the NWS to deliver advanced weather predictions with extended lead times for high-impact events. The integration of a coupled wave component with higher spatial and temporal resolution and optimized physics parameterizations notably enhanced forecast skill and predictability, particularly benefiting winter storm predictions of wave heights and peak wave periods. This successful endeavor encountered challenges that were addressed by the simultaneous development of new features that enhanced wave model forecast skill and product quality and facilitated by a multidisciplinary team collaborating with NOAA’s operational forecasting centers. The GEFSv12 upgrade marks a pivotal shift in NOAA’s global forecasting capabilities, setting a new standard in wave prediction. We also describe the coupled GEFSv12-Wave component impacts on NOAA operational forecasts and ongoing experimental enhancements, which altogether represent a substantial contribution to NOAA’s transition to the fully coupled UFS framework.
Understanding the Effect of Climate Risk on Banking Business—A Panel Data Analysis of Indian Firms
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arindam , Kashyap Ashutosh 
Published: September 2024

The enormous phenomenon of climate change, which is affecting many organisations of different sectors today, has a special impact on the financial sector in terms of credit risk. Awareness and action on environmental, social and governance (ESG) goals and climate change impacts have been rapidly increasing worldwide. In this article, we present a firm-level panel data analysis to link ESG ratings and CO2 emissions with the default risk and solvency position of selected companies. We perform various univariate and multivariate analyses on selected top Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) top 200 companies that have disclosures in Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) reports over 5 years (2017–2021). We find strong empirical evidence that a firm’s risk of default is linked to its environmental performance along with the level of carbon emission. Our findings will enable banks to establish a linkage between credit risk and climate change risk. This will assist banks as well as policymakers to adjust borrower-level ratings and align their lending and investments with net zero emissions. JEL Codes: G32, G33, Q2, Q5
Additional injection laryngoplasty as a salvage treatment for unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Authors: Kim Taegyeong , Jung Go Eun , Kwon Minsu , Jung Young Ho , Choi Seung-Ho , Nam Soon Yuhl , Lee Yoon Se 
Published: September 2024

Objectives Injection laryngoplasty (IL) has been widely used as an initial treatment option for unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). An additional (second) IL is considered a salvage treatment for unsatisfactory outcomes of initial IL resulting from inadequate injection or early resorption of the injection material. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of additional IL, distinguishing between “salvage” (within 4 months) and “repeated” injections (beyond 4 months), and to analyze prognostic factors for successful outcomes. Methods This retrospective study involved patients who received IL at Asan Medical Center from January 2014 to December 2020. Voice parameters were collected after each procedure, and those who conducted the statistical analysis were blinded to the study subjects. Among the 65 patients who underwent additional IL, 51 patients were enrolled in this study. Postinjection grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain (GRBAS) scales were used to determine satisfactory treatment outcomes. Success of the additional IL was defined as a postinjection grade of dysphonia score of 0 or 1, with a reduction in grade compared with the preinjection grade. Results The mean age of the patients was 61.6 years. Out of a total of 51 patients, 37 were men participating in the study. The odds ratio represents the likelihood of success in the second IL. Improved voice outcome after the additional IL was maintained in 23 (45%) patients. Compared with the failure group, the success group had a longer injection time interval between the initial and additional injection (9.1 vs. 7.4 months, respectively, p = 0.010). The success group had a higher proportion of patients with injection intervals >6 months (73.9% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.026). Logistic regression analysis revealed an injection interval >6 months had an odds ratio of 0.265 (confidence interval: 0.080–0.874, p = 0.029). Conclusions Additional injections would benefit the patients whose voice outcomes are maintained for a longer period (>6 months) after the first injection.
Freestyle SGAP flaps for sacral ulcers
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Aggarwal Krittika 
Published: September 2024

Study Design: Retrospective case study. Objective: To study the feasibility and ease of freestyle SGAP perforator flaps for sacral ulcers. Setting: This study was conducted in tertiary care hospital in India. Sacral ulcers are commonly encountered in long-term bedridden patients. Various options to cover these ulcers include the gluteus muscle flaps (v-y, rotation and advancement), fascio-cutaneous flaps, superior and inferior gluteal artery perforator flaps. The superior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) flap is a reliable option for sacral sore management. Using this flap, only one out of ten patients had partial flap necrosis. None had wound dehiscence nor seroma formation. No recurrence was seen at three months follow-up. This flap can safely be used as a ‘free style’ flap.
Study on shot peening strengthening 42CrMoA steel and its fretting wear properties
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Yang Xuefeng , Zhang Zhiqiang , Zhu Yeqi , Song Fei , Dong Wenlong , Wu Min 
Published: September 2024

In order to improve the tribological properties of 42CrMoA steel, it was shot peened using different parameters. The surface morphology, residual stresses, hardness, and micromotor properties of the treated specimens were thoroughly evaluated. The results showed that it led to substantial plastic deformation, increased surface roughness, grain refinement, and introduction of residual compressive stresses. In addition, a significant increase in microhardness and depth of hardened layers on the specimen surfaces was observed. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the effect of the shot peening process and the peening duration was observed. As revealed by the investigation, the shot peening process not only advances the wear resistance of the specimens but also leads to a reduced wear volume compared to untreated specimens. Furthermore, this treatment triggers a shift in the wear mechanism from the predominant occurrence of severe adhesive wear, fatigue wear, and abrasive wear in untreated specimens to a predominant mode of abrasive wear, accompanied by a minor occurrence of adhesive wear.
Causal associations between COVID-19 and erectile dysfunction: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ma Chao , Ma Li , Wang Pu 
Published: September 2024

Objective In this study, we aimed to explore the potential association between COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, severe COVID-19, and erection dysfunction (ED) using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method. Methods Data pertaining to COVID-19 were extracted from the latest version of the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses (Round 7, April 2022), and outcome data were obtained from the Open GWAS database. We applied various MR analysis methods, including the inverse variance weighted method, weighted median method, and MR-Egger regression. Results Our investigation revealed a negative causal association between COVID-19 hospitalization and ED (total testosterone levels: beta = −0.026; 95% confidence interval: −0.049 to −0.001). However, no evidence supported causal relationships between COVID-19 infection, hospitalization for COVID-19, or severe COVID-19 and other ED risk factors. Conclusion The results of this comprehensive MR analysis suggest a negative causal link between COVID-19 hospitalization and total testosterone levels. Nonetheless, COVID-19 (comprising infection, hospitalization, and severe illness) may not directly correlate with an increased risk of ED. These findings imply that COVID-19 may exert a distinct impact on ED through indirect pathways.