bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid Biochemical Mixture Screening by Three-Dimensional Patterned Multifunctional Substrate with Ultra-Thin Layer Chromatography (UTLC) and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)
Authors: Lee Bi-Shen , Lin Pi-Chen , Lin Ding-Zheng , Yen Ta-Jen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe present a three-dimensional patterned (3DP) multifunctional substrate with the functions of ultra-thin layer chromatography (UTLC) and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), which simultaneously enables mixture separation, target localization and label-free detection. This multifunctional substrate is comprised of a 3DP silicon nanowires array (3DP-SiNWA), decorated with silver nano-dendrites (AgNDs) atop. The 3DP-SiNWA is fabricated by a facile photolithographic process and low-cost metal assisted chemical etching (MaCE) process. Then, the AgNDs are decorated onto 3DP-SiNWA by a wet chemical reduction process, obtaining 3DP-AgNDs@SiNWA multifunctional substrates. With various patterns designed on the substrates, the signal intensity could be maximized by the excellent confinement and concentrated effects of patterns. By using this 3DP-AgNDs@SiNWA substrate to scrutinize the mixture of two visible dyes, the individual target could be recognized and further boosted the Raman signal of target 15.42 times comparing to the un-patterned AgNDs@SiNWA substrate. Therefore, such a three-dimensional patterned multifunctional substrate empowers rapid mixture screening, and can be readily employed in practical applications for biochemical assays, food safety and other fields.
Counting statistics of photon emissions detected in non-Markovian environment
Authors: Xu Luting , Li Xin-Qi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this work we present a large-deviation analysis for the counting statistics of atomic spontaneous emissions continuously detected in finite-bandwidth non-Markovian environment. We show that the statistics of the spontaneous emissions depends on the time interval (τ) of successive detections, which can result in big differences such as dynamical phase transition. This feature excludes the idea of regarding the spontaneous emissions as detection-free objective events. Possible experiment is briefly discussed in connection with the state-of-the-art optical cavity set-up.
Splicing of platelet resident pre-mRNAs upon activation by physiological stimuli results in functionally relevant proteome modifications
Authors: Nassa Giovanni , Giurato Giorgio , Cimmino Giovanni , Rizzo Francesca , Ravo Maria , Salvati Annamaria , Nyman Tuula A. , Zhu Yafeng , Vesterlund Mattias , Lehtiö Janne , Golino Paolo , Weisz Alessandro , Tarallo Roberta 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPlatelet activation triggers thrombus formation in physiological and pathological conditions, such as acute coronary syndromes. Current therapies still fail to prevent thrombotic events in numerous patients, indicating that the mechanisms modulating platelet response during activation need to be clarified. The evidence that platelets are capable of de novo protein synthesis in response to stimuli raised the issue of how megakaryocyte-derived mRNAs are regulated in these anucleate cell fragments. Proteogenomics was applied here to investigate this phenomeon in platelets activated in vitro with Collagen or Thrombin Receptor Activating Peptide. Combining proteomics and transcriptomics allowed in depth platelet proteome characterization, revealing a significant effect of either stimulus on proteome composition. In silico analysis revealed the presence of resident immature RNAs in resting platelets, characterized by retained introns, while unbiased proteogenomics correlated intron removal by RNA splicing with changes on proteome composition upon activation. This allowed identification of a set of transcripts undergoing maturation by intron removal during activation and resulting in accumulation of the corresponding peptides at exon-exon junctions. These results indicate that RNA splicing events occur in platelets during activation and that maturation of specific pre-mRNAs is part of the activation cascade, contributing to a dynamic fine-tuning of the transcriptome.
Chemotherapy plus Panitumumab Versus Chemotherapy plus Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhigui , Huang Yuqian , Zhao Rui , Cui Yaping , Zhou Yong , Wu Xiaoting 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPanitumumab and bevacizumab have been widely used in combination with chemotherapy for patients with wild type RAS metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Whether panitumumab or bevacizumab was the optimal option remained controversial. Thus, we conducted a meta-anaylsis to evaluate chemotherapy plus panitumumab (C + P) versus chemotherapy plus bevacizumab (C + B) in wild type RAS mCRC. Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, were searched. This meta-analysis estimated the progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR) and adverse events (AEs). Three randomized controlled trials with a total number of 577 patients were included. In wild type RAS population, PFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.76 to 1.15] and OS (HR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.54 to 1.27) and ORR [relative ratio (RR) = 2.06; 95% CI, 0.86 to 4.90] appeared similar between the two treatments, the incidence of AEs slightly increased (RR = 1.16; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.26). In conclusion, there was insufficient evidence to precisely conclude that combination treatment of C + P had an improved efficacy compared with C + B. Further large-scale and better-designed clinical trials are still needed to evaluate the combination treatment of C + P in patients with wild type RAS mCRC.
Controlling lightwave in Riemann space by merging geometrical optics with transformation optics
Authors: Liu Yichao , Sun Fei , He Sailing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn geometrical optical design, we only need to choose a suitable combination of lenses, prims, and mirrors to design an optical path. It is a simple and classic method for engineers. However, people cannot design fantastical optical devices such as invisibility cloaks, optical wormholes, etc. by geometrical optics. Transformation optics has paved the way for these complicated designs. However, controlling the propagation of light by transformation optics is not a direct design process like geometrical optics. In this study, a novel mixed method for optical design is proposed which has both the simplicity of classic geometrical optics and the flexibility of transformation optics. This mixed method overcomes the limitations of classic optical design; at the same time, it gives intuitive guidance for optical design by transformation optics. Three novel optical devices with fantastic functions have been designed using this mixed method, including asymmetrical transmissions, bidirectional focusing, and bidirectional cloaking. These optical devices cannot be implemented by classic optics alone and are also too complicated to be designed by pure transformation optics. Numerical simulations based on both the ray tracing method and full-wave simulation method are carried out to verify the performance of these three optical devices.
Molecular determinants of Ca2+ sensitivity at the intersubunit interface of the BK channel gating ring
Authors: Li Qin , Li Yingxin , Wei Hua , Pan Hao-Min , Vouga Alexandre G. , Rothberg Brad S. , Wu Yunkun , Yan Jiusheng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe large-conductance calcium-activated K+ (BK) channel contains two intracellular tandem Ca2+-sensing RCK domains (RCK1 and RCK2), which tetramerize into a Ca2+ gating ring that regulates channel opening by conformational expansion in response to Ca2+ binding. Interestingly, the gating ring’s intersubunit assembly interface harbors the RCK2 Ca2+-binding site, known as the Ca2+ bowl. The gating ring’s assembly interface is made in part by intersubunit coordination of a Ca2+ ion between the Ca2+ bowl and an RCK1 Asn residue, N449, and by apparent intersubunit electrostatic interactions between E955 in RCK2 and R786 and R790 in the RCK2 of the adjacent subunit. To understand the role of the intersubunit assembly interface in Ca2+ gating, we performed mutational analyses of these putative interacting residues in human BK channels. We found that N449, despite its role in Ca2+ coordination, does not set the channel’s Ca2+ sensitivity, whereas E955 is a determinant of Ca2+ sensitivity, likely through intersubunit electrostatic interactions. Our findings provide evidence that the intersubunit assembly interface contains molecular determinants of Ca2+-sensitivity in BK channels.
Integrative approach using liver and duodenum RNA-Seq data identifies candidate genes and pathways associated with feed efficiency in pigs
Authors: Ramayo-Caldas Yuliaxis , Ballester Maria , Sánchez Juan Pablo , González-Rodríguez Olga , Revilla Manuel , Reyer Henry , Wimmers Klaus , Torrallardona David , Quintanilla Raquel 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study aims identifying candidate genes and pathways associated with feed efficiency (FE) in pigs. Liver and duodenum transcriptomes of 37 gilts showing high and low residual feed intake (RFI) were analysed by RNA-Seq. Gene expression data was explored through differential expression (DE) and weighted gene co-expression network analyses. DE analysis revealed 55 and 112 differentially regulated genes in liver and duodenum tissues, respectively. Clustering genes according to their connectivity resulted in 23 (liver) and 25 (duodenum) modules of genes with a co-expression pattern. Four modules, one in liver (with 444 co-expressed genes) and three in duodenum (gathering 37, 126 and 41 co-expressed genes), were significantly associated with FE indicators. Intra-module analyses revealed tissue-specific candidate genes; 12 of these genes were also identified as DE between individuals with high and low RFI. Pathways enriched by the list of genes showing DE and/or belonging to FE co-expressed modules included response to oxidative stress, inflammation, immune response, lipid metabolism and thermoregulation. Low overlapping between genes identified in duodenum and liver tissues was observed but heat shock proteins were associated to FE in both tissues. Our results suggest tissue-specific rather than common transcriptome regulatory processes associated with FE in pigs.
Partial analogue‐assisted digital low dropout regulator with transient body‐drive and 2.5× FOM improvement
Authors: Huang Mo , Lu Yan , Lu Xing 
Published: January 2018

A partial analogue‐assisted (AA) digital low dropout regulator (D‐LDO) with also a transient body‐drive (BD) technique is proposed. The body of the power switches can be driven by the VOUT transient spike that is high‐pass coupled from the D‐LDO output when a load step occurs, for a temporary threshold voltage change. The BD technique thereby manages to provide more than 10% momentary output current. In addition, since the effectiveness of the AA loop is proportional to the ratio of the coupling capacitance and the parasitic capacitance, here, only about 1/5 of the most significant bit of the power switches are connected to the AA and BD networks. Therefore, the coupling capacitors are much reduced, comparing to the previous work. A simulated 100 mV undershoot is obtained under a 2‐to‐12 mA load step within 1 ns edge time, using only 40 pF total capacitor. A 0.09 ps figure‐of‐merit (FOM) of speed is thereby achieved, which is at least 2.5× better than state‐of‐the‐art works.
The mystery of the “Kite” radio source in Abell 2626: Insights from new Chandra observations
Authors: Ignesti A. , Gitti M. , Brunetti G. , O’Sullivan E. , Sarazin C. , Wong K. 
Published: January 2018

Context. We present the results of a new Chandra study of the galaxy cluster Abell 2626. The radio emission of the cluster shows a complex system of four symmetric arcs without known correlations with the thermal X-ray emission. The mirror symmetry of the radio arcs toward the center and the presence of two optical cores in the central galaxy suggested that they may be created by pairs of precessing radio jets powered by dual active galactic nuclei (AGNs) inside the core dominant galaxy. However, previous observations failed to observe the second jetted AGN and the spectral trend due to radiative age along the radio arcs, thus challenging this interpretation.
Aim. The new Chandra observation had several scientific objectives, including the search for the second AGN that would support the jet precession model. We focus here on the detailed study of the local properties of the thermal and non-thermal emission in the proximity of the radio arcs, in order to obtain further insights into their origin.
Methods. We performed a standard data reduction of the Chandra dataset deriving the radial profiles of temperature, density, pressure and cooling time of the intra-cluster medium. We further analyzed the two-dimensional (2D) distribution of the gas temperature, discovering that the south-western junction of the radio arcs surrounds the cool core of the cluster.
Results. We studied the X-ray surface brightness and spectral profiles across the junction, finding a cold front spatially coincident with the radio arcs. This may suggest a connection between the sloshing of the thermal gas and the nature of the radio filaments, raising new scenarios for their origin. A tantalizing possibility is that the radio arcs trace the projection of a complex surface connecting the sites where electrons are most efficiently reaccelerated by the turbulence that is generated by the gas sloshing. In this case, diffuse emission embedded by the arcs and with extremely steep spectrum should be most visible at very low radio frequencies.
Observing and modeling the poloidal and toroidal fields of the solar dynamo
Authors: Cameron R. H. , Duvall T. L. , Schüssler M. , Schunker H. 
Published: January 2018

Context. The solar dynamo consists of a process that converts poloidal magnetic field to toroidal magnetic field followed by a process that creates new poloidal field from the toroidal field.
Aims. Our aim is to observe the poloidal and toroidal fields relevant to the global solar dynamo and to see if their evolution is captured by a Babcock-Leighton dynamo.
Methods. We used synoptic maps of the surface radial field from the KPNSO/VT and SOLIS observatories, to construct the poloidal field as a function of time and latitude; we also used full disk images from Wilcox Solar Observatory and SOHO/MDI to infer the longitudinally averaged surface azimuthal field. We show that the latter is consistent with an estimate of the longitudinally averaged surface azimuthal field due to flux emergence and therefore is closely related to the subsurface toroidal field.
Results. We present maps of the poloidal and toroidal magnetic fields of the global solar dynamo. The longitude-averaged azimuthal field observed at the surface results from flux emergence. At high latitudes this component follows the radial component of the polar fields with a short time lag of between 1−3 years. The lag increases at lower latitudes. The observed evolution of the poloidal and toroidal magnetic fields is described by the (updated) Babcock-Leighton dynamo model.
Evaluation of a Cocooning Program on Infant Pertussis Infection in the Northern Territory
Authors: Webby Rosalind , Markey Peter , Krause Vicki , Overton Kristen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSince 2008, the Northern Territory (NT) Guidelines recommended delivering dTpa vaccine to postnatal women and all other household and close infant contacts. We aim to determine whether this pertussis cocooning strategy reduced infections in young infants in the NT. Infants < 12 months of age notified with pertussis and born at times when the cocooning strategy was in place (2009–2014) were compared with infants born preintervention (2002–2007). The proportion of cases of pertussis occurring in infants < 12 months of age was significantly higher in the preintervention period (6.7%) compared with the cocooning period (3.3%, p = 0.0067).
The Prevalence of Cosmetic Facial Plastic Procedures among Facial Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Sand Jordan , Han Albert , Nabili Vishad , Keller Gregory , Moayer Roxana 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis is the first study to report on the prevalence of cosmetic facial plastic surgery use among facial plastic surgeons. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency with which facial plastic surgeons have cosmetic procedures themselves. A secondary aim is to determine whether trends in usage of cosmetic facial procedures among facial plastic surgeons are similar to that of nonsurgeons. The study design was an anonymous, five-question, Internet survey distributed via email set in a single academic institution. Board-certified members of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (AAFPRS) were included in this study. Self-reported history of cosmetic facial plastic surgery or minimally invasive procedures were recorded. The survey also queried participants for demographic data. A total of 216 members of the AAFPRS responded to the questionnaire. Ninety percent of respondents were male (n = 192) and 10.3% were female (n = 22). Thirty-three percent of respondents were aged 31 to 40 years (n = 70), 25% were aged 41 to 50 years (n = 53), 21.4% were aged 51 to 60 years (n = 46), and 20.5% were older than 60 years (n = 44). Thirty-six percent of respondents had a surgical cosmetic facial procedure and 75% has at least one minimally invasive cosmetic facial procedure. Facial plastic surgeons are frequent users of cosmetic facial plastic surgery. This finding may be due to access, knowledge base, values, or attitudes. By better understanding surgeon attitudes toward facial plastic surgery, we can improve communication with patients and delivery of care. This study is a first step in understanding use of facial plastic procedures among facial plastic surgeons.
Pediatric Gram-Negative Bacteremia: Hidden Agenda
Authors: Bukhari Elham , Alrabiaah Abdulkarim 
Published: January 2018

Background Recently, new types of community-onset bacteremia have been introduced as healthcare associated (HCA) in which the infection onset started outside the hospital and there were interactions with the healthcare system. Little data exist differentiating community-acquired (CA) and HCA bacteremia from hospital-acquired bacteremia (HA).
Objectives This article determines differences in the epidemiological characteristics and bacteriology of community-onset (i.e., CA and HCA) and HA gram-negative bacteremia in Saudi pediatric patients.
Methods We conducted a prospective cohort of all pediatric patients diagnosed with gram-negative bacteremia at the King Khalid University Hospital over a year (2015). We received daily electronic notifications of all blood culture positive cases for gram-negative bacilli.
Results A total of 92 children were hospitalized with gram-negative bacteremia; among these 64 (71.1%) were with HA bacteremia, 20 (21.1%) with CA bacteremia, and 8 (7.8%) with HCA bacteremia. Urinary tract infection was common clinical presentation (50%) in the patients diagnosed with CA and HCA bacteremia. Up to 92% of HA bacteremia and 2% of CA bacteremia were presented with septic shock. The most common gram-negative bacteria causing bacteremia is Klebsiella pneumoniae, constituting almost 29.3% of all organisms, and was only isolated from HA bacteremia. The antimicrobial susceptibility among the 92 isolates showed that the organisms were nonextended spectrum β-lactamase (non-ESBL) in 90%, and 10% of the isolates were ESBL. There was a significant difference in the total frequency of isolates between CA and HA incidences, regardless of ESBL or non-ESBL (p < 0.001).
Conclusion The most common type of gram-negative bacteremia is HA bacteremia followed by the CA and HCA bacteremia.
Nur das Ende einer Spirale
Authors: Friesacher Heiner 
Published: January 2018

Zusammenfassung
Machtmissbrauch und Gewalt in der Intensivpflege Gewalt in Pflegebeziehungen ist ein schwieriges und lange Zeit tabuisiertes Thema.
Die Berichte in den Medien über Patiententötungen, jetzt gerade aktuell die Mordserie auf den Intensivstationen in Oldenburg und
Delmenhorst, schockieren uns und lösen Entsetzen aus. Gewalt gegen Schutzbefohlene steht so im Gegensatz zu unserer Vorstellung von guter
Pflege, dass wir fast reflexhaft von bedauerlichen Einzelfällen sprechen. Dabei zeigt aber eine nähere Beschäftigung mit dem Thema, dass es
erstens weder nur Einzelfälle sind und zweitens die Tötungen von Patienten nur das Ende einer Gewaltspirale darstellen, die viel subtiler
bei sprachlichen Entgleisungen und Vernachlässigungen beginnt.
The body politics of the urban age: reflections on surveillance and affect
Authors: Svenonius Ola 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe article theorizes surveillance and affect in the context of urban security policy. Surveillance, as commonly understood, provides the means to “know” a person or a population, and to a certain extent to control or manage her/him/it. Hence, surveillance and knowledge are intimately tied together. New modes of surveillance are, therefore, also contingent upon new ways of knowing. This article discusses surveillance and affect in urban politics and let these concepts communicate with empirical research on urban security. The starting point is empirical research in three European cities on changes in local level security policy between 2000 and 2010. In all three cases, significant changes in the governance networks’ approaches about security were observed. These changes coincided with new developments in the use of surveillance technologies to increase feelings of security. In this process “performative” surveillance became a central aspect of urban security policy, with particular focus on affects related to fear of crime, old age, and gender. The article theorizes the relationship between security, surveillance, and affect. The argument put forward is that new security policies were instances of the production of a discourse in which the pre-cognitive, instinctual affects were increasingly targeted. The article shows how proponents of the new type of security governance articulate policy goals focusing on fear, threat, and surveillance. It contributes to a small body of literature on urban security and emotions by showing how cultural differences play out when similar policy goals that target citizens on the level of pre-cognitive affects are implemented.
Filtered collocations as features in verbal polysemy disambiguation
Authors: Chang Yu-Yun , Hsieh Shu-Kai 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn Generative Lexicon Theory (glt) (Pustejovsky 1995), co-composition is one of the generative devices proposed to explain the cases of verbal polysemous behavior where more than one function application is allowed. The English baking verbs were used as examples to illustrate how their arguments co-specify the verb withqualia unification.Some studies (Blutner 2002;Carston 2002;Falkum 2007) stated that the information of pragmatics and world knowledge need to be considered as well. Therefore, this study would like to examine whethergltcould be practiced in a real-world Natural Language Processing (nlp) application using collocations. We have conducted a fine-grained logical polysemy disambiguation task, taking the open-sourced Leiden Weibo Corpus as resource and computing with Support Vector Machine (svm) classifier. Within the classifier, we have taken collocated verbs undergltas main features. In addition, measure words and syntactic patterns are extracted as additional features for comparison. Our study investigates the logical polysemy of the Chinese verbkao‘bake’. We find thatgltcould help in identifying logically polysemous cases; additional features would help the classifier achieve a higher performance.