bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of stimulant use and the role of opioid agonist treatment among people who inject drugs in France: Results from the COSINUS cohort study
Authors: Roux Perrine , Faye Aissatou , Sagaon‐Teyssier Luis , Donadille Cécile , Briand Madrid Laélia , Carrieri Maria Patrizia , Maradan Gwenaelle , Jauffret‐Roustide Marie , Lalanne Laurence , Auriacombe Marc ,   the COSINUS study group
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe co‐use of stimulants and opioids, including opioid agonist treatment (OAT), is very prevalent worldwide. A large body of data exists on the association between stimulant use and its health complications, and on OAT effectiveness among people with opioid use disorder. However, few data exist on stimulant‐opioid co‐use among people receiving OAT. Using data from the COSINUS cohort study, we investigated the association between the type of OAT and problematic stimulant use among persons who inject drugs (PWID).MethodsCOSINUS is a 12‐month French cohort study of 665 PWID. Data were collected in face‐to‐face interviews at enrolment, at 6 and 12 months. We defined problematic stimulant use as daily use of and/or injecting stimulants. We used Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to identify factors associated with problematic stimulant use.ResultsAt baseline, 76% (n = 505) of the participants reported problematic stimulant use. The optimal model from the BMA estimation showed that, after adjusting on social precarity and daily injection, participants on prescribed morphine sulfate as an OAT (compared with methadone) and those who use daily unprescribed buprenorphine were less likely to report problematic stimulant use.Discussion and ConclusionsOur work highlights the high prevalence of problematic stimulant use among PWID in France but also the potential association between the type of OAT taken and stimulant use, by suggesting a protective effect of morphine sulfate on stimulant use. Since it has a higher intrinsic activity than other opioids, PWID on this OAT may be less interested in stimulants. Our findings warrant further investigation in clinical studies.
Identifying Gaps in the Protection of Mediterranean Seagrass Habitats Using Network‐Based Prioritisation
Authors: Baldan Damiano , Chauvier‐Mendes Yohann , Gianni Fabrizio , Cossarini Gianpiero , Bandelj Vinko 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimSeagrass meadows represent a key marine ecosystem owing to the significant biodiversity they host. Protection actions are often implemented without considering connectivity between habitats. In this article, we project and prioritise Mediterranean seagrass habitats (Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosa) based on their potential as sources/retention and stepping stones for dispersal propagules of the associated biotic communities. We use this information to identify gaps in the protection of highly ranked habitats.LocationMediterranean Sea.MethodsWe related seagrass observations with marine environmental predictors to run species distribution models and infer the distribution of Mediterranean seagrasses. We then used a network‐based approach (CONEFOR) to rank patches of seagrass suitable areas based on their contribution to the seascape in terms of patch area, potential as source/retention of propagules and stepping stone. Finally, by overlaying our ranking with the spatial distribution of marine protected areas (MPAs), we identified potential gaps in the protection of important seagrass habitats across the Mediterranean and its basins.ResultsMost of the identified patches of seagrass suitable areas are not included in MPAs, only reaching a maximum protection coverage of ~50% in the Northwestern Mediterranean. Relatively few patches contribute disproportionately to connectivity, but top‐ranked habitat patches are not included within the existing MPAs network, both at the Mediterranean scale and for most basins. The largest gaps for the source/sink role are in the Aegean and Ionian Sea, and largest gaps for the stepping stone role are in the Adriatic, Ionian and Tyrrhenian Sea.Main ConclusionsOur results suggest that the current MPAs network fails to protect highly relevant patches of seagrass suitable areas in most of the Mediterranean basins. However, this gap could be filled by a few well‐placed MPAs. Overall, we provide novel insights for the identification of key habitats and planning novel coastal MPAs in the region.
Early Caregiver Predictability Shapes Neural Indices of Statistical Learning Later in Infancy
Authors: Forest Tess Allegra , McCormick Sarah A. , Davel Lauren , Mlandu Nwabisa , Zieff Michal R. ,   Khula South Africa Data Collection Team, Amso Dima , Donald Kirsty A. , Gabard‐Durnam Laurel Joy 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCaregivers play an outsized role in shaping early life experiences and development, but we often lack mechanistic insight into how exactly caregiver behavior scaffolds the neurodevelopment of specific learning processes. Here, we capitalized on the fact that caregivers differ in how predictable their behavior is to ask if infants’ early environmental input shapes their brains’ later ability to learn about predictable information. As part of an ongoing longitudinal study in South Africa, we recorded naturalistic, dyadic interactions between 103 (46 females and 57 males) infants and their primary caregivers at 3–6 months of age, from which we calculated the predictability of caregivers’ behavior, following caregiver vocalization and overall. When the same infants were 6–12‐months‐old they participated in an auditory statistical learning task during EEG. We found evidence of learning‐related change in infants’ neural responses to predictable information during the statistical learning task. The magnitude of statistical learning‐related change in infants’ EEG responses was associated with the predictability of their caregiver's vocalizations several months earlier, such that infants with more predictable caregiver vocalization patterns showed more evidence of statistical learning later in the first year of life. These results suggest that early experiences with caregiver predictability influence learning, providing support for the hypothesis that the neurodevelopment of core learning and memory systems is closely tied to infants’ experiences during key developmental windows.
Ten‐year clinical outcomes after drug‐eluting stents implantation according to clinical presentation—Insights from the DECADE cooperation
Authors: Starnecker Fabian , Coughlan J. J. , Jensen Lisette Okkels , Bär Sarah , Kufner Sebastian , Brugaletta Salvatore , Räber Lorenz , Maeng Michael , Ortega‐Paz Luis , Heg Dik , Laugwitz Karl‐Ludwig , Sabaté Manel , Windecker Stephan , Kastrati Adnan , Olesen Kevin Kris Warnakula , Cassese Salvatore 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundInvestigations of very long‐term outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug‐eluting stents (DES) according to clinical presentation are scarce. Here, we investigated the 10‐year clinical outcomes of patients undergoing DES‐PCI according to clinical presentation.MethodsPatient‐level data from five randomized trials with 10‐year follow‐up after DES‐PCI were pooled. Patients were dichotomized into acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) groups as per clinical presentation. The primary outcome was all‐cause death. Secondary outcomes were cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), definite stent thrombosis (ST) and repeat revascularization involving the target lesion (TLR), target vessel (TVR) or non‐target vessel (nTVR).ResultsOf the 9700 patients included in this analysis, 4557 presented with ACS and 5143 with CCS. Compared with CCS patients, ACS patients had a higher risk of all‐cause death and nTVR in the first year, but comparable risk thereafter. In addition, ACS patients had a higher risk of MI [adjusted hazard ratio 1.21, 95% confidence interval (1.04–1.41)] and definite ST [adjusted hazard ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval (1.14–1.92)], while the risk of TLR and TVR was not significantly different up to 10‐year follow‐up.ConclusionsCompared to CCS patients, ACS patients treated with PCI and DES implantation have an increased risk of all‐cause death and repeat revascularization of remote vessels up to 1 year, with no significant differences thereafter and up to 10‐year follow‐up. ACS patients have a consistently higher risk of MI and definite ST. Whether these differences persist with current antithrombotic and secondary prevention therapies requires further investigation.
Comments on Macdonald, What Would Be Different
Authors: Carman Taylor 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIain Macdonald suggests that, in spite of their differences, Adorno and Heidegger are alike in advancing what he calls critiques of actuality and “models of redemptive possibility.” I argue that that similarity is superficial in light of the difference between their conceptions of actuality and possibility. For Adorno, as for the metaphysical tradition since Aristotle, possibility and necessity are defined in terms of actuality. The privileging of actuality, Heidegger maintains, foregrounds entities and obscures the question of being.
Phenology Across Scales: An Intercontinental Analysis of Leaf‐Out Dates in Temperate Deciduous Tree Communities
Authors: Delpierre Nicolas , Garnier Suzon , Treuil‐Dussouet Hugo , Hufkens Koen , Lin Jianhong , Beier Colin , Bell Michael , Berveiller Daniel , Cuntz Matthias , Curioni Giulio , Dahlin Kyla , Denham Sander O. , Desai Ankur R. , Domec Jean‐Christophe , Hart Kris M. , Ibrom Andreas , Joetzjer Emilie , King John , Klosterhalfen Anne , Koebsch Franziska , McHale Patrick , Morfin Alexandre , Munger J. William , Noormets Asko , Pilegaard Kim , Pohl Felix , Rebmann Corinna , Richardson Andrew D. , Rothstein David , Schwartz Mark D. , Wilkinson Matthew , Soudani Kamel 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo quantify the intra‐community variability of leaf‐out (ICVLo) among dominant trees in temperate deciduous forests, assess its links with specific and phylogenetic diversity, identify its environmental drivers and deduce its ecological consequences with regard to radiation received and exposure to late frost.LocationEastern North America (ENA) and Europe (EUR).Time Period2009–2022.Major Taxa StudiedTemperate deciduous forest trees.MethodsWe developed an approach to quantify ICVLo through the analysis of RGB images taken from phenological cameras. We related ICVLo to species richness, phylogenetic diversity and environmental conditions. We quantified the intra‐community variability of the amount of radiation received and of exposure to late frost.ResultsLeaf‐out occurred over a longer time interval in ENA than in EUR. The sensitivity of leaf‐out to temperature was identical in both regions (−3.4 days per °C). The distributions of ICVLo were similar in EUR and ENA forests, despite the latter being more species‐rich and phylogenetically diverse. In both regions, cooler conditions and an earlier occurrence of leaf‐out resulted in higher ICVLo. ICVLo resulted in ca. 8% difference of radiation received from leaf‐out to September among individual trees. Forest communities in ENA had shorter safety margins as regards the exposure to late frosts, and were actually more frequently exposed to late frosts.Main ConclusionsWe conducted the first intercontinental analysis of the variability of leaf‐out at the scale of tree communities. North American and European forests showed similar ICVLo, in spite of their differences in terms of species richness and phylogenetic diversity, highlighting the relevance of environmental controls on ICVLo. We quantified two ecological implications of ICVLo (difference in terms of radiation received and exposure to late frost), which should be explored in the context of ongoing climate change, which affects trees differently according to their phenological niche.
Stakeholder Consultation to Establish Research Priorities for Specialist Dementia Nursing in the United Kingdom
Authors: Wolverson Emma , Pepper Amy , Dening Karen Harrison 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn the United Kingdom, there are a growing number of specialist dementia nurses called Admiral Nurses. Admiral Nurses, supported in their professional development and clinical supervision by the charity Dementia UK, work with families affected by dementia using a relationship‐centred approach. Given the growing need for this type of support, Dementia UK is committed to research that will expand the evidence base for Admiral Nursing. This article describes a stakeholder consultation to identify research priorities for Admiral Nursing for the next 3 years (2023–2026).MethodsWe adopted a participatory approach using an adapted Nominal Group Technique and priority‐setting workshop. All elements of the process were designed in consultation with a steering group comprising a range of stakeholders, including people with dementia, carers, Admiral Nurses, Dementia UK staff and researchers. Stakeholders were identified as those who were likely to be affected by or interested in the emerging research priorities. Nominal groups were held both face‐to‐face and online. A total of 144 people shared their research priorities. Data generated through each nominal group were thematically analysed and then ranked in order of priority.ResultsFour themes reflecting research priority areas were taken to a priority‐setting workshop for consideration. This resulted in three research priorities for Admiral Nursing: (1) people with dementia who live alone and carers who provide support from a distance; (2) people living with young onset and rarer dementia and their families; and (3) people living with multiple health conditions alongside dementia, including mental health problems. Risk, diversity and the effectiveness of Admiral Nursing were strands that ran throughout these themes.ConclusionsWe identified shared research priorities for Admiral Nursing using a rigorous, consensus‐driven approach involving key stakeholders. These priorities reflect a desire to ensure that Admiral Nursing services reach the most vulnerable people living with dementia and their families and respond to the widening health and social care inequalities faced by this group.Patient and Public ContributionPeople with dementia and carers were involved in the design of this process as members of our steering group and through consultation on our initial plans with Dementia UK's Lived Experience Advisory Panel (LEAP). People living with dementia and carers also participated in consultation groups to share their views on research priorities. All stakeholders were invited to share feedback on the themes as part of the analysis and interpretation of the priorities, and a meeting was held with LEAP to discuss the emerging priorities.
Winners and losers: Class dynamics and social protection in Pakistan
Authors: Mumtaz Zahid , Roelen Keetie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study responds to the recent call in the literature for the interrogation and understanding of how social protection is accessed and distributed among various groups and classes of society. It explores who stands to win and lose from social protection through the lens of social class using the case study of Pakistan, where the elite class holds significant sway over decision‐making. Using a unique mixed methods approach, this study offers a two‐fold contribution: First, it applies cluster analysis to group households based on their socioeconomic demographics, with clusters serving as proxies for class and thereby giving unique insight into class composition in Pakistan. Second, it provides analysis of access to and experiences with social protection of households in different classes. The study concludes that social protection in Pakistan is insufficient in reaching and aiding lower‐class households. Instead, it predominantly benefits the wealthy, reinforcing a cycle of privilege and disadvantage among different socioeconomic classes. This study contributes to the construction of knowledge on how concentration of power within an elite group leads to resource allocation that perpetuates existing inequalities, hinders social progress and amplifies challenges faced by the lower classes.
Co‐creation and evaluation of an algorithm for the development of a mobile application for wound care among new graduate nurses: A mixed methods study
Authors: Gagnon Julie , Chartrand Julie , Probst Sebastian , Maillet Éric , Reynolds Emily , Lalonde Michelle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChronic wounds are a growing concern due to aging populations, sedentary lifestyles and increasing rates of obesity and chronic diseases. The impact of such wounds is felt worldwide, posing a considerable clinical, environmental and socioeconomic challenge and impacting the quality of life. The increasing complexity of care requires a holistic approach, along with extensive knowledge and skills. The challenge experienced by health‐care professionals is particularly significant for newly graduate nurses, who face a gap between theory and practice. Digital tools, such as mobile applications, can support wound care by facilitating more precise assessments, early treatment, complication prevention and better outcomes. They also aid in clinical decision‐making and improve healthcare delivery in remote areas. Several mobile applications have emerged to enhance wound care. However, there are no applications dedicated to newly graduate nurses. The aim of this study was to co‐create and evaluate an algorithm for the development of a wound care mobile application supporting clinical decisions for new graduate nurses. The development of this mobile application is envisioned to improve knowledge application and facilitate evidence‐based practice. This study is part of a multiphase project that adopted a pragmatic epistemological approach, using the ‘Knowledge‐to‐Action’ conceptual model and Duchscher's Stages of Transition Theory. Following a scoping review, an expert consensus, and stakeholder meetings, this study was pursued through a sequential exploratory mixed methods design carried out in two phases. In the initial phase, 21 participants engaged in semi‐structured focus groups to explore their needs regarding clinical decision support in wound care, explore their perceptions of the future mobile application's content and identify and categorize essential components. Through descriptive analysis, five overarching themes emerged, serving as guiding principles for conceptual data model development and refinement. These findings confirmed the significance of integrating a comprehensive glossary complemented by photos, ensuring compatibility between the mobile application and existing documentation systems, and providing quick access to information to avoid burdening work routines. Subsequently, the algorithm was created from the qualitative data collected. The second phase involved presenting an online SurveyMonkey® questionnaire to 34 participants who were not part of the initial phase to quantitatively measure the usability of this algorithm among future users. This phase revealed very positive feedback regarding the usability [score of 6.33 (±0.19) on a scale of 1–7], which reinforces its quality. The technology maturation process can now continue with the development of a prototype and subsequent validation in a laboratory setting.
A randomised controlled phase II trial to examine the feasibility of using hyper‐oxygenated fatty acids (HOFA) to prevent facial pressure injuries from medical devices among adults admitted to intensive care—A research protocol
Authors: Hunt Leanne , Ingleman Jessica , Brennen Kathleen , Armstrong Karyn , Hazell Mariepaz , Keith Naomi , Bickford Brittany , Sanchez David , Khalil Souti , Geering Samara , Sigdel Sabnam Acharya , Skaria Santhosh , Prabhakaran Sreeranjini , Lynch Joan , Alexandrou Evan , Drury Peta , Tran Thach , Frost Steven A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne in three patients admitted to intensive care will sustain a pressure injury (PI) from a medical device. These injuries are painful and when on the face, head or neck they can result in permanent disfigurement. Preliminary evidence of the efficacy of hyper‐oxygenated fatty acids (HOFAs) to prevent facial pressure injuries from medical devices is promising; however, the feasibility of incorporating HOFAs into current standard care to prevent PI from a medical device of the face, head and neck has not been extensively explored. It is intended that the findings from this phase II feasibility study will inform the design of a larger phase III trial, by addressing two primary aims: (1) to assess the feasibility of incorporating HOFAs into standard care to prevent device‐related pressure ulcers of the skin associated with the face, head and neck assess the feasibility and (2) efficacy preliminary effectiveness of HOFA. This feasibility study is an investigator‐initiated mixed method study incorporating a multi‐centre randomised controlled trial of using HOFAs as an adjunct to standard pressure injury prevention and care, compared with standard care alone to prevent facial, head or neck from medical devices among adults admitted to intensive care. The primary outcome of interest is the incidence of facial, head or neck pressure injuries during the first 14 days in intensive care. Secondary outcomes include PI staging, medical device exposure and intensive care and hospital outcomes. The primary analysis will be undertaken using Cox's Proportional Hazards model, and due to the exploratory nature of this phase II trial, efficacy will be based on a one‐sided p‐value for superiority set at 0.10. Type I and Type II error rates are set at 20%; therefore, a total sample size of 196 study participants is planned. To explore the feasibility of incorporating HOFA into usual care and to design a larger phase III trial, we will aim to interview between 10 and 20 nurses across participating intensive care unit sites. Pressure injuries of the face, head or neck from medical devices, among adults admitted to intensive care, are considered preventable. This phase II study will investigate the feasibility and efficacy of HOFAs as an adjunct to standard care. Importantly, we aim to inform the development of a larger phase III trial.
Advancements in seawater immersion wound management: Current treatments and innovations
Authors: Rao Devika , Kumar Praveen , Prabhu Vijendra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith advancements in naval warfare, the number and severity of seawater injuries have skyrocketed, necessitating effective seawater immersion (SWI) wound management. The unique marine pathogens, salinity, low temperature and alkalinity of seawater are the main environmental factors that can influence SWI wound healing. The current treatment strategy for SWI wounds follows a standard protocol based on terrestrial wound conditions, neglecting seawater conditions. The key requirements for ideal SWI treatment include good adhesion to the wound surface to minimize further exposure to seawater, enhanced wound healing properties to minimize wound healing time and antibacterial properties to prevent infections from marine pathogens. Current SWI wound‐specific treatments range from elaborate techniques like vacuum‐sealed drainage and vacuum‐assisted closure for severe blast injuries to simple application of hydrogels or collagen dressings for minor injuries. This review discusses the current status and development of various treatment modalities for SWI wounds. The development of these treatment strategies and an understanding of their mechanisms of action make us better prepared to manage and treat SWI injuries.