bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Debating the Yemen conflict: Toward a synthesis of debates and diverse perspectives on causes and actors
Authors: Tsalikis Antonios , Pedi Revecca 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring the last decade, a significant amount of academic research focusing on the causes of, and the actors involved in the Yemen conflict has been published in peer‐reviewed journals, edited volumes, and books. Yet this research has emerged in a fragmented way that renders a comprehensive understanding of the conflict a challenging enterprise. Through our systematic review of peer‐reviewed academic articles and meta‐analysis of their findings, we identified and analyzed three main debates about the Yemen conflict. We conclude that each of these discussions contributes valuable insights but alone cannot fully explain the complex reasons behind the Yemen conflict. Instead, they offer individual pieces of the puzzle. We argue that a comprehensive understanding of the conflict necessitates considering and synthesizing all three debates.
‘Good Rain Nurtures Things Silently’: A Longitudinal Study of EFL Teacher Emotion and Identity Learning in Curriculum Reform
Authors: Yang Shanshan , Yin Hongbiao 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIdentity serves as a valuable lens through which to investigate, understand and facilitate teacher learning during curriculum reform. Identity learning is the core process of educational change, with teacher emotion at the heart of professional learning processes. In this study, we traced the 1‐year journeys of four Chinese EFL teachers during a tertiary EFL curriculum reform that focused on ideological and political education. The Dynamic Systems Model of Role Identity was utilised to understand identity learning. By drawing on interviews, documents and observations, we collected rich data and analysed four types of identity learning along a continuum from fake learning to transformation, mediated by teacher emotion. A multiplicity of emotions acted as indicators and potential catalysts for identity learning. However, an overly demanding context might lead to a retrogressive identity learning trajectory. The integration of ideological and political education in foreign language education was also discussed.
Exploring the Relationships Among Display Rules, Emotional Job Demands, Emotional Labour and Kindergarten Teachers' Occupational Well‐Being
Authors: Zheng Xin , Fu Jiameng , Peng Jingyi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the intricate relationships among display rules, emotional job demands (EJD), emotional labour and the occupational well‐being (OWB) of kindergarten teachers in China. Utilising the job demands–resources (JD‐R) model, this study specifically assesses the influence of EJD and displays rules on two dimensions of teachers' OWB (job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion), while exploring the mediating role of emotional labour strategies. Data were collected from a sample of 1220 Chinese kindergarten teachers. By employing structural equation modelling and mediation analysis, the findings reveal that positive display rules can enhance job satisfaction and alleviate emotional exhaustion. Conversely, negative display rules are linked to heightened emotional exhaustion and diminished job satisfaction. The analysis further discerns that two emotional labour strategies significantly mediate these associations. Surface acting exacerbates adverse outcomes, whereas the natural expression of emotions acts as a salient buffer, augmenting job satisfaction and reducing emotional exhaustion. In addition, EJD can positively predict job satisfaction through deep acting. These insights underscore the necessity of cultivating educational environments that advocate for natural emotional expression and reinforce positive display rules, thereby enhancing teachers' OWB. This research offers valuable implications for educational policymakers and practitioners, emphasising the need to address the emotional aspects of teaching in early childhood education.
Health‐Promoting Learning Environments in Higher Education: A Scoping Review of Structural Interventions to Protect Student Mental Health
Authors: Olsson Tina M. , Broberg Malin , Frisk Sylva , Wackenhut Arne F. , Kjellin David , Gullstrand Sofia , Rost Stephanie , Skoog Therése 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTA rapidly growing body of research spanning several scientific disciplines and countries converges to show that mental health problems among students are an increasing challenge for higher education institutions. Mental health problems among students threaten academic performance, degree completion and student well‐being. Structural efforts aimed at building health‐promoting, learning environments for all students are lacking in the literature. This study aims to identify and describe what is currently known about structural approaches to promote mental health or prevent mental health problems among students in higher educational settings. We conducted a scoping review of studies published in peer‐reviewed journals between 2001 and 2021, which studied structural interventions to promote mental health or prevent mental health problems among students in higher educational settings. The search identified 8372 articles, and 27 were included in the final sample. Four broad categories of approach were identified: (1) inclusion and diversity approaches, (2) adaptations to the physical environment, (3) teaching health‐related skills and behaviours and (4) adaptations to pedagogical practices and teaching approaches. The general finding from the studies reporting student perceptions was that students were favourable to the interventions to which they were exposed. Studies investigating pre‐ to post‐test changes in well‐being had mixed findings. Institutions aiming to support student mental health at the structural level should rigorously study and describe these approaches and their outcomes to advance our combined understanding of how we might design and deliver structural interventions to support students' mental health.
Workload and Need for Recovery in the Academy: The Moderating Role of Student Demands and Meaningful Work Perceptions
Authors: Sciotto Giulia , Pace Francesco , Moavero Cristina 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTResearch has often focused on which teaching‐related stressors might undermine teachers' effectiveness, with spillover effects on students' performance. This connection makes studies on teacher well‐being crucial, as well as the search for variables that can act as a buffer for unavoidable job stressors. The present study investigates whether the relationship between academic workload and the need for recovery varies based on student demands and meaningful work perceptions. Hence, a moderated moderation model was tested on 236 Italian university teachers. The results show that the effect of academic workload on the need for recovery is higher in conditions of high student demands. Meaningful work plays a protective role, mitigating the effect of academic workload in both high and low student demands conditions. These findings suggest the promotion of protective elements that can trigger a virtuous process such that teachers' well‐being improves effectiveness, which, in turn, improves students' learning experience.
Association of anti‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide with other monoclonal antibodies for different diseases: A multicenter, prospective, cohort study
Authors: Iannone Luigi Francesco , Romozzi Marina , Russo Antonio , Saporito Gennaro , De Santis Federico , Ornello Raffaele , Sances Grazia , Vaghi Gloria , Tassorelli Cristina , Albanese Maria , Guerzoni Simona , Casalena Alfonsina , Vollono Catello , Calabresi Paolo , Prudenzano Maria Pia , Mampreso Edoardo , Volta Giorgio Dalla , Valente Maria Rosaria , Avino Gianluca , Chiarugi Alberto , Sacco Simona , Pistoia Francesca ,   the Italian Headache Registry (RICe) study group
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeAlthough there is extensive evidence about the safety of monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene‐related peptide (anti‐CGRP mAbs) in combination with traditional drugs, scarce data are available on the safety of their combination with other mAbs. This study aimed to evaluate the 6‐month effectiveness and tolerability of anti‐CGRP mAbs in combination with other mAbs for different diseases.MethodsPatients included in the Italian Headache Registry and treated concomitantly with an anti‐CGRP mAb and another mAb were included. Effectiveness outcomes for migraine included reduction from baseline of monthly headache days (MHDs), Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) score, Headache Impact Test‐6 (HIT‐6) scores, and Patients' Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scale. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded.ResultsThirty‐eight patients were included. In 27 patients (71.1%), the anti‐CGRP mAb was added to a previously ongoing mAb. Nine patients (23.7%) discontinued one of the two mAbs before the end of treatment (seven discontinued the anti‐CGRP mAb and two the other mAb). One patient discontinued for AEs. Anti‐CGRP mAbs were discontinued due to ineffectiveness (n = 5, 55.5%) and one each (11.1%) for clinical remission and lost to follow‐up. MHDs significantly decreased from baseline to 3 months (p < 0.0001) and 6 months (p < 0.001), as did the MIDAS and the HIT‐6 scores at 3 and 6 months (p < 0.001). For anti‐CGRP mAbs, 27.4% of patients reported PGIC ≥ 5 at 3 months and 48.3% at 6 months. Mild AEs associated with introduction of a second mAb were detected in six patients (15.8%).ConclusionsIn this real‐world study, anti‐CGRP mAbs showed safety and effectiveness when administered concomitantly with other mAbs.
“Code Headache”: Development of a protocol for optimizing headache management in the emergency room
Authors: Membrilla Javier A. , Alpuente Alicia , Gómez‐Dabo Laura , Raúl García‐Yu , Mariño Eduardo , Díaz‐de‐Terán Javier , Pozo‐Rosich Patricia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposePatients presenting at the emergency room (ER) with headache often encounter a hostile atmosphere and experience delays in diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to design a protocol for the ER with the goal of optimizing the care of patients with urgent headache to facilitate diagnosis and expedite treatment.MethodsA narrative literature review was conducted via a MEDLINE search in October 2021. The “Code Headache” protocol was then developed considering the available characteristics and resources of the ER at a tertiary care center within the Spanish National Public Health system.ResultsThe Code Headache protocol comprises three assessments: two scales and one checklist. The assessments identify known red flags and stratify patients based on suspected primary/secondary headaches and the need for pain treatment. Initial assessments, performed by the triage nurse, aim to first exclude potentially high morbidity and mortality etiologies (HEAD1 scale) and then expedite appropriate pain management (HEAD2 scale) based on scoring criteria. HEAD1 evaluates vital signs and symptoms of secondary serious headache disorders that can most benefit from earlier identification and treatment, while HEAD2 assesses symptoms indicative of status migrainosus, pain intensity, and vital signs. Subsequently, ER physicians employ a third assessment that reviews red flags for secondary headaches (grouped under the acronym ‘PEACE’) to guide the selection of complementary tests and aid diagnosis.ConclusionsThe Code Headache protocol is a much needed tool to facilitate quick clinical assessment and improve patient care in the ER. Further validation through comparison with standard clinical practice is warranted.
ITPR3‐associated neuropathy: Report of a further family with adult onset intermediate Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
Authors: Cabello‐Murgui Javier , Jiménez‐Jiménez Jesús , Vílchez Juan J , Azorín Inmaculada , Martí‐Martínez Pilar , Millet Elvira , Lupo Vincenzo , Sevilla Teresa , Sivera Rafael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeITPR3 encodes type 3 inositol‐tri‐phosphate receptor (IP3R3), a protein expressed in Schwann cells, predominantly in the paranodal region, and involved in the regulation of Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum. Dominant variants in ITPR3 have recently been recognized as a rare cause of intermediate Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT).MethodsWe collected the clinical data of a family with autosomal dominant neuropathy whose proband was diagnosed with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) for many years. The genetic diagnosis was achieved by whole exome sequencing.ResultsThe proband developed symmetrical sensory–motor neuropathy with demyelinating features at 32 years old. He was diagnosed with CIDP and received numerous immunomodulatory treatments. However, his condition progressed, leading to severe proximal leg and hand atrophy that confined him to a wheelchair at 60 years. The patient's two sons began to exhibit symptoms suggestive of neuropathy shortly after age 30 years, and the condition was reoriented as inherited. Exome sequencing identified a heterozygous c.4271C > T variant in the ITPR3 gene segregating with the disease. Nerve conduction studies showed a combination of demyelinating and axonal features that vary by nerve, disease duration, and patient. A uniform thickening of the nerves was identified on nerve echography, as was distal symmetric fatty infiltration in lower limb muscle imaging.ConclusionsThe c.4271C > T ITPR3 variant causes a late onset CMT that can be considered an intermediate CMT. Considering the electrophysiological findings and the distribution of IP3R3, we hypothesize that this variant could start as nodal dysfunction that progresses to widespread nerve degeneration.
Statistical characteristics of large‐scale objective tonic–clonic seizure records from medical smartwatches used in daily life
Authors: Zhang Boyu , Chen Weixuan V. , Regalia Giulia , Goldenholz Daniel M. , Picard Rosalind W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess whether population‐level patterns in seizure occurrence previously observed in self‐reported diaries, medical records, and electroencephalographic recordings were also present in tonic–clonic seizure (TCS) diaries produced via the combined input of a US Food and Drug Administration‐cleared wristband with an artificial intelligence detection algorithm and patient self‐reports. We also investigated the characteristics of patient interactions with wearable seizure alerts.MethodsWe analyzed wristband data from patients with TCSs who had at least three reported TCSs over a minimum of 90 days. We quantified TCS frequency and cycles, and the relationship between the mean and variability of monthly TCS counts. We also assessed interaction metrics such as false alarm dismissal and seizure confirmation rates.ResultsApplying strict criteria for usable data, we reviewed 137 490 TCSs from 3012 patients, with a median length of TCS alert records of 445 days (range = 90–1806). Analyses showed consistency between prior diary studies and the present data concerning (1) the distribution of monthly TCS frequency (median = 3.1, range = .08–26); (2) the linear relationship (slope = .79, R2 = .83) between the logarithm of the mean and the logarithm of the SD of monthly TCS frequency (L‐relationship); and (iii) the prevalence of multiple coexisting seizure cycles, including circadian (84.0%), weekly (24.6%), and long‐term cycles (31.1%).SignificanceKey population‐level patterns in seizure occurrence are recapitulated in wrist‐worn device recordings, supporting their validity for tracking TCS burden. Compared to other approaches, wearables can provide noninvasive, objective, long‐term data, revealing cycles in seizure risk. However, improved patient engagement with wristband alerts and further validation of detection accuracy in ambulatory settings are needed. Together, these findings suggest that data from smart wristbands may be used to derive features of TCS records and, ultimately, facilitate remote monitoring and the development of personalized forecasting tools for TCS management. Our findings may not generalize to other types of seizures.
Unveiling the disease progression in developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: Insights from EEG and neuropsychology
Authors: Surdi Paolo , Trivisano Marina , De Dominicis Angela , Mercier Mattia , Piscitello Ludovica Maria , Pavia Giusy Carfì , Calabrese Costanza , Cappelletti Simona , Correale Cinzia , Mazzone Luigi , Vigevano Federico , Specchio Nicola 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are neurological disorders characterized by developmental impairment and epilepsy. Our study aims to assess disease progression by comparing clinical findings, electroencephalography (EEG), and neuropsychological data from seizure onset to the last follow‐up evaluation.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients with genetic DEEs who were followed‐up at the epilepsy unit of Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome. We collected information regarding gender, family history, genetic variant, age at onset and at last follow‐up, neurological examination, type of seizure, drug resistance, occurrence of status epilepticus, and movement and cognitive and behavioral disorders. We compared EEG background activity, epileptiform abnormalities, and cognitive functions between seizure onset and the last follow‐up evaluation using the McNemar‐Bowker test (α = 5%).ResultsA total of 160 patients (94 female) were included. Genetic analysis revealed a spectrum of pathogenic variants, with SCN1A being the most prevalent (25%). The median age at seizure onset and at the last follow‐up was 0.37 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.09–0.75) and 8.54 years (IQR: 4.32–14.55), respectively. We documented a statistically significant difference in EEG background activity (p = .017) and cognitive impairment (p = .01) from seizure onset to the last follow‐up evaluation. No significant differences were detected for epileptiform abnormalities (p = .2). In addition, high prevalence rates were observed for drug resistance (81.9%), movement disorders (60.6%), behavioral and autism spectrum disorders (45%), neurological deficits (31.3%), and occurrence of status epilepticus (23.1%).SignificanceOur study provides evidence that a clinical progression may appear in genetic DEEs, manifesting as development or worsening of cognitive impairment and disruption of EEG background activity. These results highlight the challenging clinical course and the importance of early intervention and personalized care in the management of patients with DEEs.
QTL Mapping of Melampsora Leaf Rust Resistance and Yield Component Traits in the SalixF1 Hybrid Common Parent Population
Authors: Wilkerson Dustin G. , Crowell Chase R. , Smart Christine D. , Smart Lawrence B. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe first step in trait introgression is to identify and assess novel sources of variation. For shrub willow (Salix) breeders, there is an abundance of understudied species within a genus that readily hybridizes. Breeding targets in shrub willow center on traits contributing to biomass yield for bioenergy. These include stem biomass, insect and pathogen resistance, and leaf architecture traits. More specifically, breeding for durable resistance to willow leaf rust (Melampsora spp.) is of particular importance as the pathogen can significantly reduce biomass yields in commercial production. The Salix F1 hybrid common parent population (Salix F1 HCP) was created to characterize the variation among eight species‐hybrid families and map QTL for targeted traits. A female and male S. purpurea were used as common parents in crosses made to male S. suchowensis, S. viminalis, S. koriyanagi, and S. udensis and female S. viminalis, S. integra, S. suchowensis to produce eight families that were planted in field trials at Cornell AgriTech in Geneva, NY and phenotyped. Using 16 previously described parental backcross linkage maps and two newly generated S. purpurea consensus maps, we identified 215 QTL across all eight families and in every parent. These included 15 leaf rust severity, 61 herbivory, 65 leaf architecture, and 74 yield component QTL, resulting in 50 unique overlapping regions within the population. These genetic loci serve as an important foundation for future shrub willow breeding, and each interspecific family was identified as a novel source of useful alleles for trait introgression into high yielding cultivars.
Cretaceous Fore‐Arc Basin and Its Provenance in Sakhalin, Far East Russia: U‐Pb Ages of Detrital Zircons From the Yezo Group
Authors: Sato Tomohiko , Isozaki Yukio , Tsutsumi Yukiyasu , Shigeta Yasunari , Kodama Kazuto , Hasegawa Takashi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn order to reconstruct the pre‐Japan Sea configuration of the Cretaceous arc‐trench system, we measured U‐Pb ages of detrital zircons in the five sandstone samples from the Yezo Group in Sakhalin using LA‐ICP‐MS. A sandstone sample from the lowermost horizon (Ai Formation) contains abundant Early Cretaceous (110–100 Ma) zircons with minor amounts of pre‐Jurassic ones. Four sandstones from the uppermost (Krasnoyarka Formation) are enriched dominantly in Late Cretaceous (100–66 Ma) grains. The YC1σ ages of these samples are generally consistent with the previous fossil ages; nonetheless, a possible age extension of the Ai Fm up possibly into the Cenomanian was newly suggested. The stepwise younging in peak age of zircons according to the stratigraphy suggests the continuous replacement of arc granitoid exposures in the Cretaceous magmatic arc in the provenance likely developed on the continent side. This secular trend in zircon age spectra of the Yezo Group in Sakhalin is properly correlated with that in Hokkaido and also with that of coeval sandstones in southwest Japan, suggesting a monotonous sedimentation in the fore‐arc basin of the Late Cretaceous arc‐trench system developed along the Pacific margin, from Sakhalin to southwest Japan for ca. 2500 km in length. Its spatial dimension corresponds to that of the modern representative fore‐arc basin in the Java‐Sumatra region.
IgE versus IgG and IgA: Differential roles of allergen‐specific antibodies in sensitization, tolerization, and treatment of allergies
Authors: Knol E. F. , van Neerven R. J. J. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, and food allergies has increased dramatically over the last few decades. This increase originally started in western countries, but is now also evident in many other regions of the world. Given the fact that the increase is so quick, the noted increase cannot be linked to a genetic effect, and many environmental factors have been identified that are associated with increased or reduced prevalence of allergies, like changing dietary habits, increased urbanization, pollution, exposure to microorganisms and LPS, and the farming environment and raw milk consumption. Although the key role of allergen‐specific IgE in allergies is well known, the role of allergen‐specific IgG and IgA antibodies is less well defined. This review will provide an overview of the functions of allergen‐specific IgE in allergy, the role of allergen‐specific antibodies (IgG (4) and IgA) in allergen immunotherapy (AIT), the possibility to use allergen‐specific antibodies for treatment of ongoing allergies, and the potential role of allergen‐specific antibodies in tolerance induction to allergens in a preventive setting. In the last, more speculative, section we will present novel hypotheses on the potential role of allergen‐specific non‐IgE antibodies in allergies by directing antigen presentation, Th2 development, and innate immune training.