bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opioid Use and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Karlovich Norah , McConnell Ryan , Velayos Fernando , Mahadevan Uma , Lewin Sara 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Opioid use has not been shown to improve hospitalized inflammatory bowel disease patient pain scores and may prolong the length of stay (LOS). Additional clinical implications of opioid use, particularly high amounts, in the hospital setting have not yet been explored. We sought to determine how high opioid use impacts clinical outcomes in acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC).

Methods
In this single-center study, we identified all patients hospitalized with ASUC who received intravenous corticosteroids from July 1, 2014 to December 31, 2021. Clinical outcomes including opioid exposure, cumulative intravenous corticosteroid dose, biologic rescue therapy initiation date, colectomy rate, opioid prescription at discharge, LOS, and hospitalization cost were collected. High opioid use was defined as ≥40 oral morphine equivalents (OMEs) per day. A univariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association of high opioid use with ASUC outcomes.

Results
185 eligible hospitalizations for ASUC were evaluated. 75 patients (41%) received opioids during hospitalization, and 20 patients (11%) received ≥40 OMEs/day. High opioid use was associated with a median 3-day delay in biologic rescue therapy initiation when compared with low/no opioid use (P = .02). 70% of patients with high opioid use received an opioid prescription at discharge compared with 10% of those with low/no use (P &lt; .001). Opioid use was not associated with LOS, duration of corticosteroid therapy, colectomy rate, or hospitalization cost.

Conclusions
Among ASUC hospitalizations, high opioid use was associated with delayed biologic rescue therapy initiation and higher rates of opioid prescriptions at discharge.
Optimal allocation of enterprise marketing resources based on hybrid parallel genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm
Authors: Li Min 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aiming at minimizing the use of marketing resources, this article establishes the mathematical model of marketing resources allocation, designs the algorithm of marketing resources allocation, and compares the examples. An improved heuristic algorithm considering tilt angle matching is proposed and used as a local search algorithm for enterprise marketing resources. We design an innovative optimization strategy that incorporates the concept of tilt angle matching to enhance the local search efficiency of enterprise marketing resource allocation. In addition, we have introduced a novel parallel grouping genetic algorithm (PGGA), which utilizes grouping coding and exon crossover to further enhance the search and optimization efficiency of the solution. PGGA is improved by using adaptive parameters to form IPGGA, which improves the efficiency and convergence speed of enterprise marketing resource allocation. The annealing function of the simulated annealing algorithm is improved, and a model is constructed to solve the problem of enterprise marketing resource allocation. Simulated annealing algorithm is introduced to solve the problem of marketing resource allocation, and the framework of simulated annealing algorithm is analyzed. To solve the problem of fast decay rate of simulated annealing algorithm, Doppler effect function is used to optimize the algorithm. This article mainly uses qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to conduct in-depth research on enterprise marketing resource allocation. It focuses on the planning and allocation of enterprise marketing resources. Through IPGGA-ISAA research and analysis of all kinds of data of enterprise marketing resources, the present situation, efficiency, and main problems of enterprise marketing resources allocation are discussed and analyzed more deeply. Compared with other algorithms, IPGGA-ISAA can better analyze the causes of problems and provide better marketing resource allocation schemes for enterprises.
Techno-economic and environmental analysis of an off-grid hybrid system using solar panels, wind turbine, diesel generator, and batteries for a rural health clinic considering
Authors: Hai Tao , Shami Hayder Oleiwi , Ahmed Mohsen , Agarwal Diwakar , Rajab Husam , Mohammed Adil Ismaeel , Hussein Abbas Hameed Abdul , Hasan Dheyaa Flayih , Mushtaq Hiba , Singh Narinderjit Singh Sawaran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Middle East has significant potential for independent solar and wind power generation due to its vast land area and dispersed settlements. Enhancing the standard of living in remote areas and meeting the increasing demand for healthcare services worldwide are crucial objectives. Finding the most reliable and affordable method of supplying energy and clean water to rural healthcare institutions is the main goal of the research. The aim of this research is to evaluate the financial and environmental impacts of employing a hybrid energy system to supply power to a clinic in Rijal Almaa, Saudi Arabia. Utilizing the HOMER software, the investigation determined that the most efficient hybrid configuration includes 360 batteries, a 25 kW DG, a 2 kW wind turbine, 33.3 kW of solar panels, and an 18.4 kW converter. The NPC (Net Present Cost) associated with this optimized system amounts to $109 307, while its COE is 0.103 $/kWh. It was found that this efficient system necessitates an initial capital outlay of $72 281, coupled with an annual operational expense of $2361. The renewable fraction (RF) of 84.7%, excess electricity generation of 8.81%, and fuel consumption of 4135 L/yr are notable features of the system. The system also exhibits the lowest annual CO2 emissions at 10825 kg/yr, indicating a positive environmental impact. The findings can be applied globally, particularly in hot, arid regions. The analysis suggests that reducing the costs of hybrid solar panels, DG, wind turbine, and battery systems could significantly reduce overall costs, making them a feasible solution for developing nations.
High-order energy stable discrete variational derivative schemes for gradient flows
Authors: Huang Jizu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The existing discrete variational derivative method is fully implicit and only second-order accurate for gradient flow. In this paper, we propose a framework to construct high-order implicit (original) energy stable schemes and second-order semi-implicit (modified) energy stable schemes. Combined with the Runge–Kutta process, we can build high-order and unconditionally (original) energy stable schemes based on the discrete variational derivative method. The new energy stable schemes are implicit and leads to a large sparse nonlinear algebraic system at each time step, which can be efficiently solved by using an inexact Newton-type solver. To avoid solving nonlinear algebraic systems, we then present a relaxed discrete variational derivative method, which can construct second-order, linear and unconditionally (modified) energy stable schemes. Several numerical simulations are performed to investigate the efficiency, stability and accuracy of the newly proposed schemes.
Recurrent positional unilateral pulmonary edema following CABG: an uncommon case report
Authors: Dammak Aimen , Abdenadher Mohamed , Safi Faiza , Mhiri Fatma , Toumi Nozha , Kallel Sami , Hammami Rania 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We reported a case of pericardial agenesis discovered at the age of 60 during coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. However, this anomaly was not treated during the initial surgery. During the post-operatory period, the patient developed recurrent unilateral right pulmonary edema whenever assuming a semi-upright position. We hypothesized that the positional hemodynamic alterations in this patient were related to this rare congenital anomaly. The patient underwent reoperation, 48 hours later, with synthetic pericardial reconstruction and experienced an uneventful recovery during follow-up.
Three-Dimensional Nanoscale Imaging of SiO2 Nanofiller in Styrene-Butadiene Rubber with High-Resolution and High-Sensitivity Ptychographic X-ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Okawa Naru , Ishiguro Nozomu , Takazawa Shuntaro , Uematsu Hideshi , Sasaki Yuhei , Abe Masaki , Ozaki Kyosuke , Honjo Yoshiaki , Nishino Haruki , Joti Yasumasa , Hatsui Takaki , Takahashi Yukio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
SiO2 aggregates in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were observed using ptychographic X-ray computed tomography (PXCT). The rubber composites were illuminated with X-rays focused by total reflection focusing mirrors, and the ptychographic diffraction patterns were collected using a CITIUS detector in the range of −75° to +75° angle of incidence. The projection images of the rubber composites were reconstructed with a two-dimensional resolution of 76 nm, and no significant structural changes were observed during the PXCT measurements. A three-dimensional image of the rubber composite was reconstructed with an isotropic resolution of 98 nm. Segmentation of SiO2 from the SBR, based on a histogram analysis of the phase shift, revealed a fragmented network structure of interconnected SiO2 aggregates.
Uncovering tidal treasures: automated classification of faint tidal features in DECaLS data
Authors: Gordon Alexander J , Ferguson Annette M N , Mann Robert G 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Tidal features are a key observable prediction of the hierarchical model of galaxy formation and contain a wealth of information about the properties and history of a galaxy. Modern wide-field surveys such as LSST and Euclid will revolutionize the study of tidal features. However, the volume of data will prohibit visual inspection to identify features, thereby motivating a need to develop automated detection methods. This paper presents a visual classification of ∼2000 galaxies from the DECaLS survey into different tidal feature categories: arms, streams, shells, and diffuse. We trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) to reproduce the assigned visual classifications using these labels. Evaluated on a testing set where galaxies with tidal features were outnumbered $\sim 1:10$, our network performed very well and retrieved a median $98.7\pm 0.3$, $99.1\pm 0.5$, $97.0\pm 0.8$, and $99.4^{+0.2}_{-0.6}$ per  cent of the actual instances of arm, stream, shell, and diffuse features respectively for just 20 per cent contamination. A modified version that identified galaxies with any feature against those without achieved scores of $0.981^{+0.001}_{-0.003}$, $0.834^{+0.014}_{-0.026}$, $0.974^{+0.008}_{-0.004}$, and $0.900^{+0.073}_{-0.015}$ for the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 metrics, respectively. We used a gradient-weighted class activation mapping analysis to highlight important regions on images for a given classification to verify the network was classifying the galaxies correctly. This is the first demonstration of using CNNs to classify tidal features into sub-categories, and it will pave the way for the identification of different categories of tidal features in the vast samples of galaxies that forthcoming wide-field surveys will deliver.
The imprint of the first stars on the faint end of the white dwarf luminosity function
Authors: Dzięcioł Bartosz , Hartwig Tilman , Yoshida Naoki 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Population III stars are characterized by extremely low metallicities as they are thought to be formed from a pristine gas in the early Universe. Although the existence of Population III stars is widely accepted, the lack of direct observational evidence hampers the study of the nature of the putative stars. In this article, we explore the possibilities of constraining the nature of the oldest stars by using the luminosity function of their remnants – white dwarfs. We study the formation and evolution of white dwarf populations by following star formation in a Milky Way-like galaxy using the semi-analytic model a-sloth. We derive the white dwarf luminosity function by applying a linear initial-final mass relation and Mestel’s cooling model. The obtained luminosity function is generally in agreement with available observations and theoretical predictions – with an exponential increase to a maximum of $M_{\mathrm{abs}} = 16$ and a sudden drop for $M_{\mathrm{abs}} \gt 16$. We explore the uncertainties of our model and compare them to the observational estimates. We adopt two different models of the initial mass function of Population III stars to show that the faint end of the luminosity function imprints the signature of Population III remnants. If the feature is detected in future observations, it would provide a clue to Population III stars and would also be an indirect evidence of low- to intermediate-mass Population III stars. We discuss the challenges and prospects for detecting the signatures.
Sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma in northern Portugal: a woodworker’s occupational hazard
Authors: Teixeira-Marques F , Pacheco I , Pinheiro-Guedes L , Estêvão R , Lousan N 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Sinonasal carcinomas (SNC) constitute about 3% of all head and neck carcinomas, squamous cell carcinoma being the most common histologic subtype. Some geographical patterns in incidence are observed, as occupational exposure to wood dust is associated with intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITAC).

Aims
This study aims to describe the prevalence and characteristics of sinonasal ITAC cases in a region of northern Portugal with a robust wood industry.

Methods
A retrospective study of all sinonasal malignancies diagnosed over 5 years, in a tertiary hospital, primarily focused on ITAC subtypes. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected through electronic medical records and telephonic assessments.

Results
Of all 33 cases, 85% were ITAC. ITAC predominantly affected males (96%) with a mean age of 66.2 years. Most patients diagnosed with sinonasal ITAC had occupational wood dust exposure (96%), particularly to hardwoods. Initial symptoms included unilateral nasal obstruction (75%) and epistaxis (71%). Despite a median time of 3 months from symptoms to consultation, 50% presented at an advanced stage, with a 29% mortality rate.

Conclusions
Sinonasal ITAC is an occupational hazard of woodworkers and represents the vast majority of SNC in the region. This study advocates for targeted community interventions, emphasizing occupational safety measures and healthcare awareness to reduce morbimortality associated with this occupational cancer.
Food Craving in Food Addiction
Authors: Meule Adrian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Food craving refers to an intense desire to consume a specific type of food. This chapter describes features of food craving (such as the type of foods craved, sex and cultural differences, its distinctiveness from hunger, and psychological theories on the emergence of food cravings) and their role in addiction-like eating behavior. It also discusses strategies for regulating food craving such as psychotherapeutic and technology-assisted approaches. The chapter concludes with an examination of the pivotal role of food craving during eating disorder and obesity treatment, including a discussion of the complex relationship of food craving with dieting and restrained eating.
Fructose, Fatty Liver, and Addiction
Authors: Lustig Robert H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Western Diet, consisting of ultra-processed foods, has supplanted traditional diets globally, with an attendant global increase in obesity, diabetes, and most notably a new disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Ultra-processed foods are extremely high in added sugar, which is converted by the liver via de novo lipogenesis into fat. Fatty liver occurs due to the detrimental effects of fructose on mitochondrial function, resulting in hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia. Insulin and triglyceride inhibit leptin signaling in the brain, which would normally extinguish the dopamine signal in the brain’s reward center, thereby fomenting the drive to excess consumption and further insulin resistance and liver fat. Thus, fatty liver disease is an intermediate in a vicious cycle connecting sugar in processed foods to addiction.
The Tempests of Margaret Fuller
Authors: Fuller Randall 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Margaret Fuller (1810–50) was a dazzling presence in the transcendental movement. She hosted conversations that led women to reconsider their role in society, published important works by Emerson and Thoreau while editing the Dial, and, in 1845, wrote Woman in the Nineteenth Century, a landmark work of feminism. But she chafed at the constrictions placed on women by Emerson and his followers, who focused on the free and unfettered self from a male perspective. Fuller understood that to be a woman in the first half of the nineteenth century was by definition to be dependent—to rely on others instead of the self. Frustrated by transcendentalism, she left Boston for New York, where she worked as a newspaper journalist and exposed the plight of poor women. Then, as a foreign correspondent, she traveled to Italy, where she secretly married and gave birth to a son.
Mother Remembered
Authors: Roberts Michèle 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This considers the novel Break of Day, which mixes letters, memoir, and fiction to create a story circling around a woman of 50, based on Colette herself, spending a summer at her house near St Tropez, musing on love and ageing, haunted by the memory of her beloved mother. Rapturous, sensual descriptions of food, flowers, the sea and animals underscore an exploration of desire and loss. The novel has a slight, understated plot, sketching the development of a possible love affair between the narrator and a younger man, but in reality is more like an extended poem, working through connected images. Colette includes attractive portraits of bohemian life around St Tropez, picturing her artist friends meeting for suppers outside and going dancing in the local music halls. Dialogue is succinct and witty.
Anger in Edgar Allan Poe’s ‘The Black Cat’
Authors: Eastman Christine A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines anger, a searing and destructive emotion, and one that, from many people’s experiences, is probably the most visible of the deadly sins in the workplace. It uses an analysis of Edgar Allan Poe’s 1843 macabre short story ‘The Black Cat’ in order to illuminate anger. In addition to illustrating the destructive nature of anger, ‘The Black Cat’ prompts the kind of deep, self-reflective thought necessary to inspire today’s business leaders and to equip them with the cognitive and emotional resources they need to grapple with the challenges faced in organizational life. Prompting an examination of the self, Poe’s writing obliges us to consider the link between our own childhood experiences and our behaviour in our subsequent working lives. Engaging with Poe’s short story can bring about the kinds of insights into working practices that will help businesses meet the demands of sustainability as they look beyond the oxygen of profit for a different kind of nourishment to drive organizational development. The chapter subsequently expands the analysis of Poe’s fiction with an exploration of spirituality in organizational life informed by the work of cultural anthropologist Ernest Becker.
Bounded Meaning
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
‘Bounded Meaning’ is a monograph on the dynamics of interpretation: how and why the interpretation of the building blocks of human language is sensitive, not just to the context in which the expression is used, but also to the expression’s linguistic environment---in other words, how and why interpretation depends not just on global information, but also on local information. The book motivates a range of generalizations about the dynamics of interpretation, some known and some novel, involving modals, conditionals, and anaphora. It then provides an overview of the best extant theory of those patterns, dynamic semantics. After bringing out the striking motivations and successes of that framework, the book goes on to criticize dynamic semantics, focusing on its puzzling predictions about the logic of natural language. In response to these problems, the book develops a novel framework for explaining dynamic phenomena without dynamic semantics: the bounded theory of meaning. On the bounded theory, dynamic phenomena arise from the interaction of two dimensions of meaning. One dimension is a standard truth-conditional layer, which, relative to a context of use, associates each sentence with a proposition. The second dimension, the dimension of bounds, limits the admissible interpretations of an expression, relative to the expression’s context of use and its local information. Bounds thus play an essential role in coordinating on the resolution of context-sensitive language, explaining dynamic effects in natural language while avoiding a variety of problematic predictions of dynamic semantics.
Against Dynamic Semantics
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter develops a sustained criticism of the dynamic treatment of modals and conditionals. It focuses on three problems. First, dynamic semantics makes a variety of peculiar predictions about the logic of natural language, which do not match reality. Second, dynamic semantics makes incorrect predictions about order effects, predicting order asymmetries in the interpretation of modality which do not exist. Finally, dynamic semantics does not have a natural story about the pragmatics of modal and conditional language.
Quantification and Subordination
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This chapter further develops the bounded theory of anaphora to account for the interaction of quantification, modality, and anaphora. When indefinites and corresponding definites are introduced in the scope of a quantifier, they can give rise to a covarying reading; so, for instance, ‘Everyone who has a donkey loves it’ means, roughly, that in every pair of a donkey-owner and donkey, the owner loves the donkey. Importantly, the same phenomenon arises when the indefinites and definites are distributed across distinct quantifiers, as in ‘Everyone in this town has a donkey. Everyone in the town loves it.’ Similar phenomena arise with indefinite/definite pairs distributed across modal constructions, as in ‘If your father agrees, we’ll get a donkey. We would keep it in the living room.’ The chapter generalizes the treatment of anaphora from the previous chapter so that variables correspond to individual concepts, and shows how to incorporate quantification and modality into this picture in order to account for these patterns.