bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quasi‐alternating polyesteramides from ε‐caprolactone and α‐amino acids
Authors: Ali Mohamed Abdoulkader , Salhi Slim , Abid Souhir , El Gharbi Rachid , Fradet Alain 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTGlycine‐ɛ‐caprolactone‐based and α‐alanine‐ɛ‐caprolactone‐based polyesteramides with a strong tendency to form alternating sequences (degree of randomness = 1.64 and 1.31) were synthesized by melt polycondensation of intermediate hydroxy‐ and ethyl ester‐terminated amides. These intermediates were synthesized by the reaction of equimolar amounts of ɛ‐caprolactone and glycine or L‐α‐alanine ethyl esters in mild conditions. The structure and microstructure of these polyesteramides are discussed on the basis of an in‐depth nuclear magnetic resonance study. Both polyesteramides are semi‐crystalline, but the glycine‐based one presents the highest melting enthalpy. This polyesteramide also exhibits higher Young's modulus and stress at break than its α‐ and β‐alanine counterparts. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44220.
Fabrication of PFO‐DBT:OXCBA nanostructured composite via hard template
Authors: Fakir Muhamad Saipul , Supangat Azzuliani , Sulaiman Khaulah 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTPoly[2,7‐(9,9‐dioctylfluorene)‐alt−4,7‐bis(thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo‐2,1,3‐thiadiazole] (PFO‐DBT) and o‐xylenyl‐C60‐bisadduct (OXCBA) nanostructured composite has been fabricated via the hard porous alumina template‐directed method. Spin‐coating technique at the spin rate of 1000 rpm is used to assist the infiltration of polymer solution into porous template. PFO‐DBT nanotube is fabricated by replicating the porous alumina template before the formation of PFO‐DBT:OXCBA nanostructured composite. Formation of nanostructured composite is completed once the infiltration of OXCBA solution into PFO‐DBT nanotubes is achieved. Detailed results of morphological, structural, and optical properties of PFO‐DBT nanostructures (nanorods and nanotubes) of different solution concentrations are reported. By tuning the optical properties of PFO‐DBT nanostructures, the effect of solution concentration on the optical properties can be realized. The promising PFO‐DBT nanotubes are chosen for the further fabrication of OXCBA:PFO‐DBT nanostructured composite that acts as a core and shell, respectively. Although the nanostructured composite of PFO‐DBT:OXCBA yield low light absorption intensity, the absorption spans the whole visible region and produce low optical energy gap. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44228.
Utilization of ramon seeds (Brosimum alicastrum swarts) as a new source material for thermoplastic starch production
Authors: Rolando Ríos‐Soberanis Carlos , Javier Estrada‐León Raciel , Manuel Moo‐Huchin Víctor , José Cabrera‐Sierra María , Manuel Cervantes‐Uc José , Arturo Bello‐Pérez Luis , Pérez‐Pacheco Emilio 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe development and characterization of biodegradable polymers deriving from renewable natural sources has attracted much attention. The aim of this work was to partially characterize a thermoplastic starch obtained from the starch of seeds from the ramon tree (TPS‐RS) as an option to substitute thermoplastic starch from corn (TPS‐CS), in some of its applications. At 55% of relative humidity (RH), TPS‐RS had higher tensile strength and deformation than TPS‐CS. X‐ray diffraction analysis showed similar values in residual crystallinity (percentage of crystallinity that remains after plasticization process) in both TPS. The SEM micrographs showed a few remnant granular structures in the TPS‐RS. The FTIR showed a greater intensity in band at 1016 cm−1 in the TPS‐CS and TPS‐RS in comparison with their corresponding native starch, indicating an increase in the amorphous region after plasticization. The TGA analysis showed greater thermal stability in TPS‐CS (340 °C) compared with TPS‐RS (327 °C). In addition, the glass transition temperature in both TPS was 24 °C. The results obtained represent a starting point to potentialize the use of TPS‐RS instead of TPS‐CS for the development of new biodegradable materials for practical applications in different areas. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44235.
Evaluation of the Substrate Scope of Benzoic Acid (De)carboxylases According to Chemical and Biochemical Parameters
Authors: Pesci Lorenzo , Kara Selin , Liese Andreas 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe enzymatic carboxylation of phenolic compounds has been attracting increasing interest in recent years, owing to its regioselectivity and technical potential as a biocatalytic equivalent for the Kolbe–Schmitt reaction. Mechanistically the reaction was demonstrated to occur through electrophilic aromatic substitution/water elimination with bicarbonate as a cosubstrate. The effects of the substituents on the phenolic ring have not yet been elucidated in detail, but this would give detailed insight into the substrate–activity relationship and would provide predictability for the acceptance of future substrates. In this report we show how the kinetic and (apparent) thermodynamic behavior can be explained through the evaluation of linear free energy relationships based on electronic, steric, and geometric parameters and through the consideration of enzyme–ligand interactions. Moreover, the similarity between the benzoic acid decarboxylases and the amidohydrolases superfamily is investigated, and promiscuous hydrolytic activity of the decarboxylase in the context of the hydrolysis of an activated ester bond has been established.
Heterocyclic Bismuth(III) Dithiocarbamato Complexes as Single‐Source Precursors for the Synthesis of Anisotropic Bi2S3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Kun Walter N. , Mlowe Sixberth , Nyamen Linda D. , Ndifon Peter T. , Malik Mohammad A. , Munro Orde Q. , Revaprasadu Neerish 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNew complexes catena‐(μ2‐nitrato‐O,O′)bis(piperidinedithiocarbamato)bismuth(III) (1) and tetrakis(μ‐nitrato)tetrakis[bis(tetrahydroquinolinedithiocarbamato)bismuth(III)] (2) were synthesised and characterised by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The single‐crystal X‐ray structures of 1 and 2 were determined. The coordination numbers of the BiIII ion are 8 for 1 and ≥6 for 2 when the experimental electron density for the nominal 6s2 lone pair of electrons is included. Both complexes were used as single‐source precursors for the synthesis of dodecylamine‐, hexadecylamine‐, oleylamine and tri‐n‐octylphosphine oxide‐capped Bi2S3 nanoparticles at different temperatures. UV/Vis spectra showed a blueshift in the absorbance band edge characteristic of a quantum size effect. High‐quality, crystalline, long and short Bi2S3 nanorods were obtained depending on the thermolysis temperature, which was varied from 190 to 270 °C. A general trend of increasing particle breadth with increasing reaction temperature and increasing length of the carbon chain of the amine (capping agent) was observed. Powder XRD patterns revealed the orthorhombic crystal structure of Bi2S3.
A Comprehensive Study of Copper Guanidine Quinoline Complexes: Predicting the Activity of Catalysts in ATRP with DFT
Authors: Rösener Thomas , Bienemann Olga , Sigl Kerstin , Schopp Nora , Schnitter Fabian , Flörke Ulrich , Hoffmann Alexander , Döring Artjom , Kuckling Dirk , Herres‐Pawlis Sonja 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCopper complexes of the hybrid guanidine ligands 1,3‐dimethyl‐N‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)‐imidazolidin‐2‐imine (DMEGqu) and 1,1,3,3‐tetramethyl‐2‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)‐guanidine (TMGqu) have been studied comprehensively with regard to their structural and electrochemical properties and their activity in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). A simple analysis of the molecular structures of the complexes gives no indication about their activity in ATRP; however, with the help of DFT and NBO analysis the influence of particular coordinating donors on the electrochemical properties could be fully elucidated. With an adequate DFT methodology and newly applied theoretical isodesmic reactions it was possible to predict the relative position of the redox potentials of copper complexes containing DMEGqu and TMGqu ligands. In addition, predictions could be made as to whether the complexes of DMEGqu or TMGqu are more active in ATRP. Four new CuI complexes were tested in standard ATRP reactions and kinetically investigated both in bulk and in solution. It could be proven that complexes featuring DMEGqu possess a lower redox potential and are more active in ATRP, although the tetramethylguanidine moiety represents the stronger donor.
Risk and impact of pulmonary complications in survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Dietz Andrew C. , Chen Yan , Yasui Yutaka , Ness Kirsten K. , Hagood James S. , Chow Eric J. , Stovall Marilyn , Neglia Joseph P. , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Mertens Ann C. , Robison Leslie L. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Mulrooney Daniel A. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDPulmonary complications after cancer therapy are varied. This study describes pulmonary outcomes among childhood cancer survivors and evaluates their impact on daily activities.METHODSThe incidence of pulmonary outcomes (asthma, chronic cough, emphysema, lung fibrosis, oxygen need, and recurrent pneumonia) reported among 5‐year cancer survivors (n = 14,316) and the incidence of death due to pulmonary causes among all eligible survivors (n = 20,690) in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study were compared with those for sibling controls (n = 4027) with cumulative incidence, standardized mortality ratio (SMR), and piecewise exponential models. Logistic regression with random effects was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for activity limitations with pulmonary complications.RESULTSBy the age of 45 years, the cumulative incidence of any pulmonary condition was 29.6% (95% CI, 29.1%‐30.0%) for cancer survivors and 26.5% (95% CI, 24.9%‐28.0%) for siblings. Fewer survivors reported ever smoking (23.6% vs 36.4%, P < .001), but survivors were more likely to report chronic cough (rate ratio [RR], 1.6; 95% CI, 1.4‐1.9), oxygen need (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.5‐2.2), lung fibrosis (RR, 3.5; 95% CI, 2.3‐5.4), and recurrent pneumonia (RR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4‐3.0). The SMR for death due to pulmonary causes was 5.9 (95% CI, 4.2‐8.1), and it was associated with platinum exposure and lung radiation (P < .01). The impact of chronic cough on daily activities for survivors (OR vs survivors without chronic cough, 2.7) was greater than that for siblings (OR, 2.0; P = .04).CONCLUSIONSPulmonary complications are substantial among adult survivors of childhood cancer and can affect daily activities. Cancer 2016;122:3687‐96. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Race does not predict the development of metastases in men with nonmetastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Whitney Colette A. , Howard Lauren E. , Amling Christopher L. , Aronson William J. , Cooperberg Matthew R. , Kane Christopher J. , Terris Martha K. , Freedland Stephen J. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDAlthough race is associated with prostate cancer progression in early stage disease, once men have advanced disease, it is unclear whether race continues to predict a poor outcome. The authors hypothesized that, in an equal‐access setting among patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and no known metastases (M0/Mx), black men would receive imaging tests at similar rates as nonblack men (ie, there would be an equal opportunity to detect metastases) but would have a higher risk of metastatic disease.METHODSIn total, 837 men who were diagnosed with M0/Mx CRPC during 2000 through 2014 from 5 Veterans Affairs hospitals in the SEARCH (Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital) database were analyzed. Data on all imaging tests after CRPC diagnosis were collected, including date, type, and outcome. Multivariable Cox models were used to test associations between race and the time to first metastasis, first bone metastasis, first bone scan, second bone scan among men who had a negative first bone scan, and overall survival.RESULTSBlack men (n = 306) were equally as likely as nonblack men (n = 531) to receive a first and second bone scan after a diagnosis of CRPC. There were no significant differences in the risk of developing any metastases, bone metastases, time to bone scans, or overall survival between black men and nonblack men (all P > .2).CONCLUSIONSThe lack of racial differences in the development of metastases and scanning practices observed in this study suggests that, once men have a diagnosis of M0/Mx CRPC, race may not be a prognostic factor. Efforts to understand prostate cancer racial disparities may derive greater benefit by focusing on the risk of developing prostate cancer and on the outcomes of men who have early stage disease. Cancer 2016;122:3848–3855. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Monodispersed CuCo Nanoparticles Supported on Diamine‐Functionalized Graphene as a Non‐noble Metal Catalyst for Hydrolytic Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane
Authors: Song Fu‐Zhan , Zhu Qi‐Long , Yang Xin‐Chun , Xu Qiang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMonodispersed non‐noble CuCo nanoparticles (diameter≤2.4 nm) have been immobilized on diamine‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide, which displays remarkably enhanced catalytic performance for the dehydrogenation of ammonia borane (AB) with a corresponding turnover frequency (TOF) as high as 51.5±3.7 molH2 molcat−1 min−1 at 303 K, compared to those on other supports such as reduced graphene oxide, Vulcan XC‐72R and polyvinypyrrolidone. The synergic effect between Cu and Co could efficiently improve the catalytic performance for the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of AB. In addition, it represents a new opportunity to support various non‐noble metal nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide, which has tremendous application prospect for various catalytic reactions.
Mechanism and Kinetics of Heterogeneous Reactions of Unsaturated Organic Acids on α‐Al2O3 and CaCO3
Authors: Wu Lingyan , Liu Qifan , Tong Shengrui , Jing Bo , Wang Weigang , Guo Yucong , Ge Maofa 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHeterogeneous reactions have a vital role in the atmosphere due to their significant effects on the evolution of atmospheric aerosols, which in turn contribute to air pollution. However, the mechanism and kinetics of these processes involving unsaturated organic acids, important types of volatile organic compounds, are still unclear. In this work, the heterogeneous uptake of two representative atmospheric unsaturated organic acids (acrylic acid and methacrylic acid) on mineral aerosols including α‐Al2O3 and CaCO3 are investigated using a Knudsen cell reactor and an in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectrometry (DRIFTS) reactor. The corresponding reaction pathways are proposed from the DRIFTS analysis. In addition, the initial uptake coefficients of unsaturated organic acids and their heterogeneous fate are obtained for the first time. Our results suggest that heterogeneous reactions on α‐Al2O3 and CaCO3 can be important sinks for acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, as well as possible contributors to the organic coating found on atmospheric aerosols, especially in high‐pollution events.
Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation by a Tetranuclear Copper Complex
Authors: Praneeth Vijayendran K. K. , Kondo Mio , Woi Pei Meng , Okamura Masaya , Masaoka Shigeyuki 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel tetranuclear copper‐based water oxidation catalyst was designed and synthesized by using a new multinucleating ligand containing two proton dissociation sites, 1,3‐bis(6‐hydroxy‐2‐pyridyl)‐1H‐pyrazole. The copper complex showed electrocatalytic activity for water oxidation reactions under aqueous basic conditions (pH 12.5) with an overpotential of approximately 500 mV. UV/Vis absorption and energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopic techniques coupled with electrochemical analyses of the catalyst system strongly suggest that the tetranuclear copper complex works as a homogeneous system under the conditions used. The results described here demonstrate the utility of a discrete tetranuclear copper complex in water oxidation reactions.
Optimal and heuristic algorithms for all‐optical group multicast in resource‐constrained WDM networks
Authors: Yang Wen‐Lin , Yang Chun‐Tao , Huang Yu‐Chung 
Published: August 2016

SummaryGiven a sparse‐splitting wavelength‐division multiplexing network with no wavelength converter, we study a group multicast problem that is how to transmit a number of multicast streams from the video server to multiple destinations simultaneously. To avoid the situation that the wavelengths are used up by the first few requests, one wavelength is available for each multicast request. Hence, some of destinations may not be included in the multicast trees because of the lack of wavelengths. Our goal is to construct a number of light trees with conflict‐free wavelengths for multiple requests so that the number of served clients is maximized. This problem is named as the revenue‐maximized and delay‐constrained group multicast routing problem. We first determine a set of multicast trees with the maximum number of served clients, then followed by the wavelength assignment to allocate the minimum number of wavelengths to the resulting trees. In this study, we propose two Integer Linear Programming ILP‐based algorithms for determining the optimal solutions for the light‐tree construction problem and the wavelength assignment problem, respectively. For large‐scale networks, two heuristics are introduced to solve the light‐tree construction problem approximately. A set of simulations are also provided for comparing performances of our algorithms against the other published methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of hydrological changes in a river basin as affected by climate change and water management practices, by using the cat model
Authors: Jang Cheol Hee , Kim Hyeon Jun , Ahn So Ra , Kim Seong Joon 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis study describes the applicability of the Catchment hydrologic cycle Assessment Tool (CAT) for improving the water cycle in a river basin, and suggests appropriate water cycle improvement methods for adapting the impact of future climate change on river basin hydrology. For future assessment, the Gyeongan‐Cheon River Basin located in the north‐eastern part of South Korea was selected. To evaluate future water cycle improvement, the data from two general circulation models (GCMs), MIROC3.2 hires and HadCM3 with A1B and B1 scenarios, were adopted and downscaled by using the Long Ashton Research Station–Weather Generator (LARS‐WG) after bias correction with 30 year (baseline; 1970 ~ 2000) ground measurements. The future annual surface runoff, groundwater flow and evapotranspiration changed up to +49, −45 and +44% in the late twenty‐first‐century of MIROC3.2hires A1B scenario and up to +56, −44 and +47% in the late twenty‐first‐century of HadCM3 A1B scenario. Under the condition of water cycle improvement are included by facilities, the hydrological cycle was enhanced by increasing groundwater flow and evapotranspiration, and decreasing surface runoff. The future annual surface runoff, groundwater flow and evapotranspiration were improved by −38, +13 and +24% in the late twenty‐first century MIROC3.2hires A1B scenario, and by −38, +13 and +25% for the HadCM3 A1B scenario. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Left and right ventricular kinetic energy using time‐resolved versus time‐average ventricular volumes
Authors: Hussaini Syed F. , Rutkowski David R. , Roldán‐Alzate Alejandro , François Christopher J. 
Published: August 2016

PurposeTo measure the effects of using time‐resolved (TR) versus time‐averaged (TA) ventricular segmentation on four‐dimensional flow‐sensitive (4D flow) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kinetic energy (KE) calculations.Materials and MethodsRight (RV) and left (LV) ventricular KE was calculated from 4D flow MRI data acquired at 3.0T in 10 healthy volunteers and five subjects with cardiac disease using TR and TA segmentation. KE was calculated from the mass of blood within the ventricles multiplied by the velocities squared. Differences in TR and TA KE and interobserver variability were quantified with Bland–Altman analysis.ResultsIn healthy volunteers, peak systolic RV KE (KERV) were 4.89 ± 1.49 mJ using TR and 5.53 ± 1.62 mJ using TA segmentation (P = 0.016); peak systolic LV KE (KELV) were 3.29 ± 0.96 mJ and 4.16 ± 1.26 mJ (P = 0.005). Peak diastolic KERV were 3.33 ± 0.90 mJ (TR) and 3.61 ± 1.12 mJ (TA) (P = 0.082), while peak diastolic KELV were 4.90 ± 1.49 mJ and 5.31 ± 1.59 mJ (P = 0.044). In patient volunteers, peak systolic KERV were 4.34 ± 3.78 mJ using TR and 4.88 ± 3.98 mJ using TA segmentation (P = 0.26); peak systolic KELV were 4.39 ± 4.21 mJ and 4.36 ± 3.84 mJ (P = 0.91). Peak diastolic KERV were 3.34 ± 2.08 mJ (TR) and 4.05 ± 1.12 mJ (TA) (P = 0.08), while peak diastolic KELV were 4.34 ± 5.11 mJ and 4.06 ± 3.47 mJ (P = 0.75). Interobserver differences in KELV were greater for TR than TA calculations; bias ranged from 3 ± 30% for TA peak systolic KELV to 36 ± 30% for TR peak diastolic KELV.ConclusionAlthough qualitatively similar, KE values calculated through TA segmentation were consistently greater than TR KE, with differences more pronounced during systole and in the LV.Level of Evidence: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:821–828.
A virtually 1H‐free birdcage coil for zero echo time MRI without background signal
Authors: Weiger Markus , Brunner David O. , Schmid Thomas , Froidevaux Romain , Rösler Manuela B. , Gross Simon , Pruessmann Klaas P. 
Published: August 2016

PurposeMRI of tissues with rapid transverse relaxation can be performed efficiently using the zero echo time (ZTE) technique. At high bandwidths leading to large relative initial radiofrequency (RF) dead times, the method becomes increasingly sensitive to artifacts related to signal stemming from outside the field of view, particularly from the RF coils. Therefore, in this work, a birdcage coil was designed that is virtually free of 1H signal.MethodsA transmit‐receive birdcage RF coil for MRI of joints at 7T was designed by rigorously avoiding materials containing 1H nuclei, by using purely mechanical connections without glue, and by spoiling of unwanted signal by application of ferromagnetic materials. The coil was tested for residual 1H signal using ZTE phantom and in vivo joint imaging.ResultsIn standard ZTE imaging, no 1H signal was detected above noise level. Only at extreme averaging, residual signal was observed close to conductors associated with 1H‐containing molecules at adjacent glass surfaces. Phantom images with dead times up to 3.8 Nyquist dwells were obtained with only negligible background artifacts. Furthermore, high‐quality ZTE images of human joints were acquired.ConclusionA virtually 1H‐free birdcage coil is presented, thus enabling in vivo ZTE MRI practically free of background signal, even at high bandwidths. Magn Reson Med 78:399–407, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine