bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scenario development for high βp low torque plasma with qmin above 2 and large-radius internal transport barrier in DIII-D
Authors: Ding S. , Xu G.S. , Wang Q. , Solomon W.M. , Zhao Y. , Gong X. , Garofalo A.M. , Holcomb C.T. , McKee G. , Yan Z. , Wang H.Q. , Qian J. , Wan B.N. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
A recent experiment on DIII-D, which was conducted by the joint research team from DIII-D and EAST, has extended the previous high

β

p

, high q
min regime, which has been tested in the 2013 DIII-D/EAST joint experiment, to inductive operation at higher plasma current (

I

p

=
0.8

MA) and significantly higher normalized fusion performance (

G
=

H

89

β

N

/

q

95

2

=
0.16

). The experiment aims at exploring high performance scenario with

q

m
i
n

>
2

and reduced torque for long pulse operation, which can be potentially extrapolated to EAST. The effort was largely motivated by the interest in developing a feasible scenario for long-pulse high performance operation with low torque on EAST. Very high confinement, H
89  =  3.5 or

H

98
,
y
2

=
2.1

with

β

N

∼
3.0

, has been achieved transiently in this experiment together with

q

m
i
n

>
2

and reduced NBI torque (

3
∼
5

N m). The excellent confinement is associated with the spontaneous formation of an internal transport barrier (ITB) in plasmas with

I

p

=
0.8

MA at large minor radius (normalized

ρ
∼
0.7

) in all channels (n
e, T
e, T
i,

V

ϕ

, especially strong in the T
e channel). Fluctuation measurements show a significant reduction in the fluctuation levels, including AE modes and broadband turbulence, at the location where an ITB forms. Linear gyrokinetic simulations also support the decrease of the growth rate of the most unstable mode during strong ITB formation. The simulation implies that strong suppression of turbulence and a positive feedback loop may be active in this process and is responsible for the spontaneous formation of large-radius ITB. In an unstable ITB phase, an ELM crash is observed to have a positive effect on transient formation of large-radius ITB. The formation of this kind of ITB is found to have a shielding (protecting) effect on the core plasma while isolating the perturbation due to ELM crash.
Self-consistent modeling of DEMOs with 1.5D BALDUR integrated predictive modeling code
Authors: Wisitsorasak A. , Somjinda B. , Promping J. , Onjun T. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Self-consistent simulations of four DEMO designs proposed by teams from China, Europe, India, and Korea are carried out using the BALDUR integrated predictive modeling code in which theory-based models are used, for both core transport and boundary conditions. In these simulations, a combination of the NCLASS neoclassical transport and multimode (MMM95) anomalous transport model is used to compute a core transport. The boundary is taken to be at the top of the pedestal, where the pedestal values are described using a pedestal temperature model based on a combination of magnetic and flow shear stabilization, pedestal width scaling and an infinite- n ballooning pressure gradient model and a pedestal density model based on a line average density. Even though an optimistic scenario is considered, the simulation results suggest that, with the exclusion of ELMs, the fusion gain Q obtained for these reactors is pessimistic compared to their original designs, i.e. 52% for the Chinese design, 63% for the European design, 22% for the Korean design, and 26% for the Indian design. In addition, the predicted bootstrap current fractions are also found to be lower than their original designs, as fractions of their original designs, i.e. 0.49 (China), 0.66 (Europe), and 0.58 (India). Furthermore, in relation to sensitivity, it is found that increasing values of the auxiliary heating power and the electron line average density from their design values yield an enhancement of fusion performance. In addition, inclusion of sawtooth oscillation effects demonstrate positive impacts on the plasma and fusion performance in European, Indian and Korean DEMOs, but degrade the performance in the Chinese DEMO.
Feasibility study of a non-invasive eye fixation and monitoring device using a right-angle prism mirror for intensity-modulated radiotherapy for choroidal melanoma
Authors: Inoue Toshihiko , Masai Norihisa , Shiomi Hiroya , Oh Ryoong-Jin , Uemoto Kenji , Hashida Noriyasu 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
We aimed to describe the feasibility and efficacy of a novel non-invasive fixation and monitoring (F-M) device for the eyeballs (which uses a right-angle prism mirror as the optic axis guide) in three consecutive patients with choroidal melanoma who were treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). The device consists of an immobilization shell, a right-angle prism mirror, a high magnification optical zoom video camera, a guide lamp, a digital voice recorder, a personal computer, and a National Television System Committee standard analog video cable. Using the right-angle prism mirror, the antero–posterior axis was determined coincident with the optic axis connecting the centers of the cornea and pupil. The axis was then connected to the guide light and video camera installed on the couch top on the distal side. Repositioning accuracy improved using this method. Furthermore, the positional error of the lens was markedly reduced from ±1.16, ±1.68 and ±1.11 mm to ±0.23, ±0.58 and ±0.26 mm in the horizontal direction, and from ±1.50, ±1.03 and ±0.48 mm to ±0.29, ±0.30 and ±0.24 mm in the vertical direction (Patient #1, #2 and #3, respectively). Accordingly, the F-M device method decreased the planning target volume size and improved the dose–volume histogram parameters of the organ-at-risk via IMRT inverse planning. Importantly, the treatment method was well tolerated.
Evolution and statistics of non-sphericity of dark matter halos from cosmological N-body simulation
Authors: Suto Daichi , Kitayama Tetsu , Nishimichi Takahiro , Sasaki Shin , Suto Yasushi 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
We revisit the non-sphericity of cluster-mass-scale halos from cosmological N-body simulation on the basis of triaxial modeling. In order to understand the difference between the simulation results and the conventional ellipsoidal collapse model (EC), we first consider the evolution of individual simulated halos. The major difference between EC and the simulation becomes appreciable after the turnaround epoch. Moreover, it is sensitive to the individual evolution history of each halo. Despite such strong dependence on individual halos, the resulting non-sphericity of halos exhibits weak but robust mass dependence in a statistical fashion; massive halos are more spherical up to the turnaround, but gradually become less spherical by z = 0. This is clearly inconsistent with the EC prediction: massive halos are usually more spherical. In addition, at z = 0, inner regions of the simulated halos are less spherical than outer regions; that is, the density distribution inside the halos is highly inhomogeneous and therefore not self-similar (concentric ellipsoids with the same axis ratio and orientation). This is also inconsistent with the homogeneous density distribution that is commonly assumed in EC. Since most of previous fitting formulae for the probability distribution function (PDF) of the axis ratio of triaxial ellipsoids have been constructed under the self-similarity assumption, they are not accurate. Indeed, we compute the PDF of the projected axis ratio a1/a2 directly from the simulation data without the self-similarity assumption, and find that it is very sensitive to the assumption. The latter needs to be carefully taken into account in direct comparison with observations, and therefore we provide an empirical fitting formula for the PDF of a1/a2. Our preliminary analysis suggests that the derived PDF of a1/a2 roughly agrees with the current weak-lensing observations. More importantly, the present results will be useful for future exploration of the non-sphericity of clusters in X-ray and optical observations.
An interesting case of intracerebral MRSA
Authors: Estridge Robert , Contini Shawnelle 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
This article describes a patient whose intracerebral MRSA may have been caused by a spider bite to the thigh 2 months earlier. The patient's headache, nausea, and vomiting initially were thought to be caused by a high-grade glioma. Most brain abscesses have otogenic sources and are not from distant hematogenous spread. Although systemic antibiotics help with symptomatology, surgical eradication (when feasible) followed by IV antibiotics, provides definitive treatment.
How to Move Beyond the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders/International Classification of Diseases
Authors: Schildkrout Barbara 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
A new nosology for mental disorders is needed as a basis for effective scientific inquiry. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Classification of Diseases diagnoses are not natural, biological categories, and these diagnostic systems do not address mental phenomena that exist on a spectrum. Advances in neuroscience offer the hope of breakthroughs for diagnosing and treating major mental illness in the future. At present, a neuroscience-based understanding of brain/behavior relationships can reshape clinical thinking. Neuroscience literacy allows psychiatrists to formulate biologically informed psychological theories, to follow neuroscientific literature pertinent to psychiatry, and to embark on a path toward neurologically informed clinical thinking that can help move the field away from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Classification of Diseases conceptualizations. Psychiatrists are urged to work toward attaining neuroscience literacy to prepare for and contribute to the development of a new nosology.
Power Profiles of Commercial Multifocal Soft Contact Lenses
Authors: Kim Eon , Bakaraju Ravi C. , Ehrmann Klaus 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To evaluate the optical power profiles of commercially available soft multifocal contact lenses and compare their optical designs.

Methods
The power profiles of 38 types of multifocal contact lenses—three lenses each—were measured in powers +6D, +3D, +1D, −1D, −3D, and −6D using NIMO TR1504 (Lambda-X, Belgium). All lenses were measured in phosphate buffered saline across 8 mm optic zone diameter. Refractive index of each lens material was measured using CLR 12-70 (Index Instruments, UK), which was used for converting measured power in the medium to in-air radial power profiles.

Results
Three basic types of power profiles were identified: center-near, center-distance, and concentric-zone ring-type designs. For most of the lens types, the relative plus with respect to prescription power was lower than the corresponding spectacle add. For some lens types, the measured power profiles were shifted by up to 1D across the power range relative to their labeled power. Most of the lenses were designed with noticeable amounts of spherical aberration. The sign and magnitude of spherical aberration can either be power dependent or consistent across the power range.

Conclusions
Power profiles can vary widely between the different lens types; however, certain similarities were also observed between some of the center-near designs. For the more recently released lens types, there seems to be a trend emerging to reduce the relative plus with respect to prescription power, include negative spherical aberration, and keep the power profiles consistent across the power range.
An odor delivery system for arbitrary time-varying patterns of odors, mixtures and concentrations
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , Albeanu Dinu F , Bhalla Upinder S 
Published: September 2016

AbstractOdor stimuli in the natural environment are intermittent and the concentration of any given odor fluctuates rapidly over time. Further, even in the simplest scenario, the olfactory sensors receive uncorrelated, intermittent inputs in the form of odor plumes arising from several odor sources in the local environment. However, typically used odor stimuli under laboratory settings are restricted to long-duration (~seconds), single pulse of one odor at a time that are rarely encountered in nature. This inadequate choice of odor stimuli is due to the dearth of affordable odor delivery systems that can generate plume-like, naturalistic stimuli with high reproducibility such as to allow for repeat measurements under laboratory conditions. We thus developed an odor delivery system that generates arbitrary time-varying patterns of individual odors and ternary mixtures at time scales of ~20 Hz. Here, we provide a detailed description of the construction and output characterization of our odor delivery system.
A pipeline approach to single-particle processing in RELION
Authors: Fernandez-Leiro Rafael , Scheres Sjors H.W. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTWe describe the formal concept of a workflow to single-particle analysis of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) images in the RELION program. In this approach, the structure determination process is considered as a graph, where intermediate results in the form of images or metadata are the vertices, and different functionalities of the program are the edges. The new implementation automatically logs all user actions, facilitates file management and disk cleaning, and allows convenient browsing of a project’s history. Moreover, new functionality to iteratively execute consecutive jobs allows on-the-fly image processing, which will lead to more efficient data acquisition by providing faster feedback on data quality. The possibility to exchange data processing procedures among users will con-tribute to the development of standardised image processing procedures, and hence increase accessibility for new users in this rapidly expanding field.
Towards an efficient method of predicting vehicle-induced response of bridge
Authors: Sun Zhen , Zou Zilong 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a practical and efficient iterative method for predicting vehicle-induced response of bridge.Design/methodology/approachThe vehicle-bridge interaction (VBI) problem is generalized mathematically and a computational algorithm for VBI is proposed. This method rests on an iterative procedure, which utilizes the whole interaction process for iteration. By this means, vehicle and bridge become totally uncoupled and are only linked by the contact force history. This method provides flexibility to choose simplified or refined vehicle and bridge models for the VBI problem, as well as open options for different commercial FEM software without specialized codes.FindingsThe method is verified through two numerical examples. The first example uses a simple 1D beam bridge model, which illustrates the procedure of this method and demonstrates its fast convergence in several iterations. The second example employs a realistic full 3D finite element bridge model, which shows that the method easily connects complex FEM bridge models in ABAQUS with a calibrated vehicle model in Matlab. The dynamic response of the bridge is reliably calculated within only a few iterations.Originality/valueThe proposed iterative method separates vehicle and bridge into independent subsystems in the computational process, thus providing more flexibility to utilize commercial FEM softwares. Its efficiency is realized through choosing the whole interaction force process for iteration, which considerably reduces the iteration steps.
Assimilation-accommodation mixed continuous ant colony optimization for fuzzy system design
Authors: Chen Chi-Chung , Shen Li Ping , Huang Chien-Feng , Chang Bao-Rong 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new population-based metaheuristic optimization algorithm, assimilation-accommodation mixed continuous ant colony optimization (ACACO), to improve the accuracy of Takagi-Sugeno-Kang-type fuzzy systems design.

Design/methodology/approach
The original N solution vectors in ACACO are sorted and categorized into three groups according to their ranks. The Research Learning scheme provides the local search capability for the best-ranked group. The Basic Learning scheme uses the ant colony optimization (ACO) technique for the worst-ranked group to approach the best solution. The operations of assimilation, accommodation, and mutation in Mutual Learning scheme are used for the middle-ranked group to exchange and accommodate the partial information between groups and, globally, search information. Only the N top-best-performance solutions are reserved after each iteration of learning.

Findings
The proposed algorithm outperforms some reported ACO algorithms for the fuzzy system design with the same number of rules. The performance comparison with various previously published neural fuzzy systems also shows its superiority even with a smaller number of fuzzy rules to those neural fuzzy systems.

Research limitations/implications
Future work will consider the application of the proposed ACACO to the recurrent fuzzy network.

Originality/value
The originality of this work is to mix the work of the well-known psychologist Jean Piaget and the continuous ACO to propose a new population-based optimization algorithm whose superiority is demonstrated.
Behavioural operations in healthcare: a knowledge sharing perspective
Authors: Mura Matteo , Lettieri Emanuele , Radaelli Giovanni , Spiller Nicola 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide arguments and empirical evidence that different knowledge sharing behaviours – i.e. sharing best practices, sharing mistakes, seeking feedbacks – are promoted and enabled by different types of knowledge assets, and differently affect employees’ innovative work behaviours.Design/methodology/approachThe research framework includes four sets of constructs: employees’ innovative work behaviour, knowledge sharing, knowledge assets, psychological safety. The literature-grounded hypotheses were tested collecting data from healthcare professionals from three hospice and palliative care organisations in Italy. In all, 195 questionnaires were analysed using structural equations modelling technique.FindingsFirst, findings show that the linkage between knowledge assets and knowledge sharing is both direct and indirect with psychological safety as relevant mediating construct. The linkage between relational and structural social capital and seeking feedbacks and sharing mistakes is fully mediated by psychological safety. Second, findings show that each dimension of knowledge sharing affects the different dimensions of employees’ innovative work behaviour – i.e. idea generation, idea promotion, idea implementation – in a distinct manner. While sharing of best practices influences all of them, seeking feedbacks affects idea promotion and sharing mistakes influences idea implementation.Practical implicationsThe results provide operations managers with a clearer picture of how to pursue improvements of current operations by leveraging on knowledge sharing among employees through the creation of numerous, high-quality interpersonal relationships among employees, based on rich and cohesive network ties.Originality/valueThis study, by adopting a micro-level perspective, offers an original perspective on how knowledge assets and knowledge sharing initiatives may contribute to the engagement of innovative work behaviour by employees.
Entrepreneurial competences, liability of newness and infant survival
Authors: Abatecola Gianpaolo , Uli Vincenzo 
Published: September 2016

PurposeWhat entrepreneurial competences can increase the start-ups’ infant survival chances? How can the liability of newness be successfully handled? Positioned in this research stream, which, especially over recent years, has been particularly lively also in theJournal of Management Development, the purpose of this paper is to meet not only the research, but also the education and practice-oriented purposes of the journal.Design/methodology/approachHow can routines’ exploitation counteract the liability of newness? How can entrepreneurial orientation oppose it? Why is the liability of adolescence important when discussing the performance of start-ups? To address these questions, taken separately into account, the paper presents a set of three case studies from the service industry, each of which is based on a specific research design.FindingsThe authors found that the routines’ exploitation mechanisms, the degree of entrepreneurial orientation of the founding team, and the stock of the initial assets, could be all considered consistent predictors of new ventures’ infant survival. The authors thus believe that the findings may offer a useful contribution both to current and prospective managers and entrepreneurs.Originality/valueStinchcombe’s assumption about the tremendous failure rate associated with the earliest stage of start-ups’ life cycle has been proved to be valid at least in the most recent evidence from both Europe and the USA. At the same time, formalizing a checklist of competences appropriate to increase the possibilities of organizational infant survival appears as a priority not yet accomplished. Thus, the study is aimed at providing some useful food for thought on this issue.
Linking the Big Five personality factors and career commitment dimensions
Authors: Arora Ridhi , Rangnekar Santosh 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship of the Big Five personality factors (extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, emotional stability, and intellect/openness to experience) with career commitment measured in terms of three factors as career identity, career resilience, and career planning.Design/methodology/approachThe study included 363 managers from public and private sector organizations in North India.FindingsThe authors found that in the Indian context, openness to experience/intellect is the Big Five personality dimension that acts as the significant predictor of all the three dimensions of career commitment (career identity, career resilience, and career planning). Further, conscientiousness was found as the significant predictor of only career identity, which indicated Indian managers who are focused identify well with their career line. In addition, the Big Five personality dimension of agreeableness was found to have a positive significant influence on career planning. From this, the authors inferred that tendency to get along well with others helps Indian managers in enhancing their career planning.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the existing literature on personality and careers in the South-Asian context.