bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric Comorbidity of Internet Addiction in College Students: An Interview Study
Authors: Ko Chih-Hung , Yen Ju-Yu , Chen Cheng-Sheng , Chen Cheng-Chung , Yen Cheng-Fang 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTObjective:This study was aimed to evaluate the association between Internet addiction and depressive disorder, social phobia and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a sample of Taiwanese college students; and examine gender differences in the psychiatric comorbidity of Internet addiction in this student population.Methods:Two hundred sixteen college students (132 males, 84 females) were recruited. Internet addiction, major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder, social phobia, and adult ADHD of all participants were diagnosed based on psychiatric diagnostic interview.Results:This study revealed that adult ADHD and depressive disorders were associated with Internet addiction among college students. However, depressive disorders were associated with Internet addiction in the males but not the females.Conclusion:With these results, it seems reasonable to suggest that effective evaluation of, and treatment for, adult ADHD and depressive disorders is required for college students with Internet addiction.
Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate: A Prodrug Stimulant for the Treatment of ADHD in Children and Adults
Authors: Mattingly Gregory 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly genetic neuropsychiatric disorder that can cause impairment at school, work, home, and in social relationships. Once considered a childhood disorder, as many as 65% of children with ADHD continue to exhibit symptoms into adulthood. While a mainstay of ADHD patient care, immediate-release stimulant use has been constrained by concerns about safety, tolerability, and issues related to nonmedical use and abuse. These concerns have prompted interest in developing modified versions or new delivery systems for stimulants. Prodrugs have been used in pharmaceutical development to optimize delivery of an active drug or to minimize toxicity. Prodrugs are pharmacologically inactive compounds that require in vivo conversion to release therapeutically active medications. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) is an inactive, water-soluble prodrug in which d-amphetamine is bonded to l-lysine, a naturally occurring amino acid. After oral ingestion, LDX is metabolized into l-lysine and active d-amphetamine. This review of LDX presents the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic profile of this novel stimulant medication, and is intended to help clinicians understand its role in treating children and adults with ADHD.
Rights, Reflection, and Reciprocity: Implications of the Same-Sex Marriage Debate for Tolerance and the Political Process
Authors: Djupe Paul A. , Lewis Andrew R. , Jelen Ted G. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractContentious battles over state-level Religious Freedom Restoration Acts suggest a fundamental refashioning of the “culture war” clashes in American politics. Conservatives — particularly religious conservatives — have come to champion a politics of rights, using “liberal weapons” (rights) to win battles or at least stave off loses. This raises important questions about the long-run effects of making rights claims. Does rights claiming lead to balkanization and reinforce group boundaries or is rights claiming an education in the democratic process that promotes tolerance? Drawing on evidence from an experimental design, we find that exposure to rights claims made by clergy regarding exemptions from participation in same-sex ceremonies acts as a prime to boost tolerance of selected least-liked groups, an effect particularly potent for evangelical Protestants.
Analysis of the changing relationship between peer acceptance and academic achievement in adolescents / Análisis de la relación variable entre la aceptación entre iguales y el rendimiento académico de los adolescentes
Authors: Gallardo Laura O. , Barrasa Angel 
Published: July 2016

Peer interactions in the context of group-level relationships have significant consequences on social adjustment across the lifespan of children and adolescents. Indeed, peer relations change systematically with individuals’ development. This study examined the effect of positive peer interactions measured as peer acceptance on academic achievement during the adolescence developmental stage. Participants were 766 students aged 11–16 years old. Adolescents completed a sociometric measure of peer acceptance. Academic achievement data were obtained from students’ report card grades. Regression analyses indicated that peer acceptance predicted academic achievement, and also a moderation effect was found displaying a higher impact of peer acceptance on academic achievement for younger adolescents than for older adolescents. It is suggested that improving peer relationships within the group, especially at early adolescence, can be a target of intervention to improve academic functioning at school.
Behavioral lessons from Flipkart’s Big-Billion Day sale
Authors: Jayakumar Tulsi 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the behavioral lessons and managerial implications of deep discount strategies used by e-commerce firms to gain a competitive advantage over rivals. The paper seeks to understand the behavioral aspects of consumer and competitor response to such online sales, particularly with reference to e-satisfaction and e-loyalty. The case study seeks to: understand the behavioral aspects of utility and customer satisfaction; understand the behavioral aspects influencing customer attitudes, preferences and choice; understand heuristics involved in consumer decision-making; and understand possible firm strategies based on a thorough analysis of behavioral influencers of customer decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper follows a case study approach. Secondary data sources from the library, company website and newspaper articles have been used to build a case which would encourage students to discuss and analyze the application of principles of behavioral economics to marketing problems faced especially by e-retailers. It uses Flipkart’s botched-up Big-Billion Day sale to drive home lessons in behavioral economics to marketers.

Findings
With growing internet penetration, e-retail presents high potential in India along with its BRICS peers. However, the task of grabbing customer mindshare, as also a share of wallet of the growing Indian purchasing power through monster discounts and deals by e-tailers may not work. Firms such as Flipkart may strategize using principles of behavioral economics including confirmatory bias, framing effects, reference points, principles of loss aversion, heuristics and the peak–end rule to influence customer decision-making in their favor. They must also guard against any incidents/events which invoke the representativeness heuristic or negative confirmatory biases towards e-commerce portals.

Practical implications
E-tailers in countries like India should understand the behavioral implications of deep discount strategies and deals offered by them as a means of gaining competitive advantage. Attention to e-service outcome quality and e-service recovery is important.

Originality/value
The case is unique in its applications of behavioral economics principles to e-retailing in India. It seeks to apply behavioral principles to a major e-commerce marketing event in India. With the e-commerce industry likely to boom in India, the case study provides unique insights into competitive pricing strategies adopted by e-retailers and the feasibility thereof.
City clusters and break-out in corporate competitiveness
Authors: Momaya Kirankumar S. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the patterns of location of key activities for break-out in corporate competitiveness. The key objective is to identify linkages that may exist among the location of corporate center activities, innovation capabilities and the break-out.

Design/methodology/approach
Patterns of location of corporate center across the world have been explored first, using sample data from Global 500. For the context of innovation and India, two polar locations were selected. The patterns in the growth of focal firms from the locations were evaluated using select competitiveness criteria such as revenues, profits and assets, based on data of a larger sample from Global 2000.

Findings
Findings support the view on “role of location with innovation clusters” such as Bangalore, particularly for competitiveness of born global firms. Surprisingly, Mumbai has increased its percentage share of contributions in terms of revenues and profits, indicating sustenance of cluster, entrepreneurial and other advantages.

Practical implications
Considering the enormous scope for enhancing contributions of emerging-country multinational enterprises to the world economy, decisions related to break-out in competitiveness are critical. Depending on strategic intent and the role of innovation and internationalization, firms can take better decisions related to the location of specific corporate activities to foster multinational enterprise (MNE) competitiveness.

Social implications
The findings may inspire key stakeholders to take decisions that enhance sustainability of city clusters and communities.

Originality/value
Analyzing the role of location of key corporate activities, for the phenomenon “break-out to higher stages of competitiveness”, is a unique contribution. These concepts and findings can be of high value to firms and MNEs thinking long term about location or relocation of corporate center activities, particularly for innovation.
Optical steganography transmission of optical CDMA signals over a public BPSK channel
Authors: Yen Chih-Ta , Huang Guan-Jie 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a new optical steganography framework that can be applied to public optical binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) systems by transmitting a stealth spectrum-amplitude-coded optical code-division multiple-access signal through a BPSK link.

Design/methodology/approach
– By using high-dispersion elements, the stealth data pulses temporally stretch and the amplitude of the signal decreases after stretching. Thus, the signal can be hidden underneath the public signal and system noise. At the receiver end, a polarizer is used for removing the public BPSK signal and the stealth signal is successfully recovered by a balanced detector.

Findings
– In a simulation, the bit-error rate (BER) performance improved when the stealth power increased.

Research limitations/implications
– The BER performance worsens when the noise power become large. Future work will consider increasing the system performance during high-noise power situation.

Practical implications
– By properly adjusting the power of the amplified spontaneous emission noise, the stealth signal can be hidden well in the public channel while producing minimal influence on the public BPSK signal.

Originality/value
– In conclusion, the proposed optical steganography framework makes it more difficult for eavesdroppers to detect and intercept the hidden stealth channel under public transmission, even when using a dispersion compensation scheme.
School leaders and transformational leadership theory: time to part ways?
Authors: Berkovich Izhak 
Published: July 2016

Purpose– After decades in which transformational leadership theory has prevailed as the dominant paradigm in leadership scholarship, critical voices have started raising serious concerns about its falsifiability, suggesting that transformational leadership theory should be abandoned. Although transformational leadership is a key to conceptualizing ideal school leadership, the discourse did not find its way into the education field. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– The essay combines a review of the critique of the falsifiability of the transformational leadership theory with a discussion of the utility and fit of the theory.Findings– On the 25th anniversary of transformational leadership theory, the author suggest to the educational administration community not to abandon transformational leadership, but to address its shortcomings and look toward future challenges as the community contemplates the promises the theory holds for the field.Originality/value– The essay examines the current status of the transformational leadership theory in the field of educational administration and offers an interpretative critique.
Non-compliance of licence holders towards disclosure based regulation in Malaysian securities markets
Authors: Yeon Asmah Laili , Shamsudin Faridahwati Mohd 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine non-compliance of licence holders towards disclosure-based regulation in Malaysian securities markets in relation to the implementation of the disclosure-based regulation.

Design/methodology/approach
This survey was conducted among 107 principal and representative licensees registered with the Securities Commission of Malaysia. They consist of licensed dealers, investment advisers and fund managers. The majority of the respondents were capital markets and services representative licensees, while only 17 respondents were capital markets and services licensees.

Findings
The survey indicates that non-compliance occurs because of lack of ethical values and orientation of the players in the industry. In addition, non-compliance was also reported to occur due to lack of understanding of law and regulations, inefficient company’s surveillance, control and internal monitoring programmes and weaknesses in the implementation and enforcement of law. Other reasons include greed (wanting to be rich quickly), selective application of the law, complicity between offenders and regulators, slow judicial processes and high legal cost for victims to pursue compensation.

Practical implications
As the enforcement agency, Securities Commission should further enhance efforts to monitor and enforce the law of capital markets. On the other hand, the courts have to impose fines on criminals based on the extent of the losses investors have suffered by investors and on the effects of the crime on market stability. More importantly, ethics training should be carried out to license holders by the relevant bodies and agencies in the securities market.

Originality/value
This paper provides measures on how to curb the unethical behaviour by carrying out ethics training and introducing new rules and regulations for the industry.
Physician leadership in e-health? A systematic literature review
Authors: Keijser Wouter , Smits Jacco , Penterman Lisanne , Wilderom Celeste 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to systematically review the literature on roles of physicians in virtual teams (VTs) delivering healthcare for effective “physician e-leadership” (PeL) and implementation of e-health.

Design/methodology/approach
The analyzed studies were retrieved with explicit keywords and criteria, including snowball sampling. They were synthesized with existing theoretical models on VT research, healthcare team competencies and medical leadership.

Findings
Six domains for further PeL inquiry are delineated: resources, task processes, socio-emotional processes, leadership in VTs, virtual physician-patient relationship and change management. We show that, to date, PeL studies on socio-technical dynamics and their consequences on e-health are found underrepresented in the health literature; i.e. no single empirical, theoretic or conceptual study with a focus on PeL in virtual healthcare work was identified.

Research limitations/implications
E-health practices could benefit from organization-behavioral type of research for discerning effective physicians’ roles and inter-professional relations and their (so far) seemingly modest but potent impact on e-health developments.

Practical implications
Although best practices in e-health care have already been identified, this paper shows that physicians’ roles in e-health initiatives have not yet received any in-depth study. This raises questions such as are physicians not yet sufficiently involved in e-health? If so, what (dis)advantages may this have for current e-health investments and how can they best become involved in (leading) e-health applications’ design and implementation in the field?

Originality/value
If effective medical leadership is being deployed, e-health effectiveness may be enhanced; this new proposition needs urgent empirical scrutiny.
Accuracy of working diagnosis by paramedics for patients presenting with dyspnoea
Authors: Christie Andrew , Costa‐Scorse Brenda , Nicholls Mike , Jones Peter , Howie Graham 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aims to determine the agreement between paramedic and ED or hospital working diagnosis in dyspnoeic patients.MethodsNon‐consecutive written patient report forms were retrospectively audited for patients suffering from dyspnoea, who were transported to a tertiary hospital ED by ambulance paramedics. Accuracy of the paramedic working diagnosis was assessed by comparing agreement with either the primary or secondary ED diagnoses or hospital discharge diagnosis.ResultsThe study cohort was 293 patients. Exact agreement between paramedic versus ED or hospital diagnosis was 64%, 95% CI 58–69, k = 0.58, 95% CI 0.52–0.64. Only 226 (77%) had a ‘clearly documented’ paramedic diagnosis. Among these, agreement with either ED or hospital diagnosis was 79%, and there was a trend towards more agreement as paramedic level of practice increased (74%, 78% and 87% for Basic, Intermediate and ALS paramedics, respectively, P = 0.07). Conversely, ALS paramedics were less likely to document a working diagnosis (30/98, 31%) compared with Intermediate (22/102, 23%) and BLS paramedics (15/93, 16%), P = 0.008. Diagnostic agreement varied according to medical condition, from anaphylaxis (100%) and asthma (86%) to acute pulmonary oedema (46%).ConclusionsThere was moderate agreement between paramedic and ED or hospital diagnosis. The number of cases with no clearly documented working diagnosis suggested that a singular working diagnosis may not always serve the complexity of presentation of some dyspnoea patients: more open descriptors such as ‘mixed disease’ or ‘atypical features’ should be encouraged.
The 2016 Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference, Shared Decision Making in the Emergency Department: Development of a Policy‐relevant Patient‐centered Research Agenda May 10, 2016, New Orleans, LA
Authors: Grudzen Corita R. , Anderson Jana R. , Carpenter Christopher R. , Hess Erik P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractShared decision making in emergency medicine has the potential to improve the quality, safety, and outcomes of emergency department (ED) patients. Given that the ED is the gateway to care for patients with a variety of illnesses and injuries and the safety net for patients otherwise unable to access care, shared decision making in the ED is relevant to numerous disciplines and the interests of the United States (U.S.) public. On May 10, 2016 the 16th annual Academic Emergency Medicine (AEM) consensus conference, “Shared Decision Making: Development of a Policy‐Relevant Patient‐Centered Research Agenda” was held in New Orleans, Louisiana. During this one‐day conference clinicians, researchers, policy‐makers, patient and caregiver representatives, funding agency representatives, trainees, and content experts across many areas of medicine interacted to define high priority areas for research in 1 of 6 domains: 1) diagnostic testing; 2) policy, 3) dissemination/implementation and education, 4) development and testing of shared decision making approaches and tools in practice, 5) palliative care and geriatrics, and 6) vulnerable populations and limited health literacy. This manuscript describes the current state of shared decision making in the ED context, provides an overview of the conference planning process, the aims of the conference, the focus of each respective breakout session, the roles of patient and caregiver representatives and an overview of the conference agenda. The results of this conference published in this issue of AEM provide an essential summary of the future research priorities for shared decision making to increase quality of care and patient‐centered outcomes.
Early detection of aquatic invaders using metabarcoding reveals a high number of non‐indigenous species in Canadian ports
Authors: Brown Emily A. , Chain Frédéric J. J. , Zhan Aibin , MacIsaac Hugh J. , Cristescu Melania E. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimInvasive species represent one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. The ability to detect non‐indigenous species (NIS), particularly those present at low abundance, is limited by difficulties in performing exhaustive sampling and in identifying species. Here we sample zooplankton from 16 major Canadian ports and apply a metabarcoding approach to detect NIS.LocationMarine and freshwater ports along Canadian coastlines (Pacific, Arctic, Atlantic) and the Great Lakes.MethodsWe amplified the V4 region of the small subunit ribosomal DNA (18S) and used two distinct analytic protocols to identify species present at low abundance. Taxonomic assignment was conducted using BLAST searches against a local 18S sequence database of either (i) individual reads (totalling 7,733,541 reads) or (ii) operational taxonomic units (OTUs) generated by sequence clustering. Phylogenetic analyses were performed to confirm the identity of reads with ambiguous taxonomic assignment.ResultsTaxonomic assignment of individual reads identified 379 zooplankton species at a minimum sequence identity of 97%. Of these, 24 species were identified as NIS, 11 of which were detected in previously unreported locations. When reads were clustered into OTUs prior to taxonomic assignment, six NIS were no longer detected and an additional NIS was falsely identified. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that sequences belonging to closely related species clustered together into shared OTUs as a result of low interspecific variation. NIS can thus be misidentified when their sequences join the OTUs of more abundant native species.Main conclusionsOur results reveal the power of the metabarcoding approach, whilst also highlighting the need to account for potentially low levels of genetic diversity when processing data, to use barcode markers that allow differentiation of closely related species and to continue building comprehensive sequence databases that allow reliable and fine‐scale taxonomic designation.