bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurocognitive recovery of patients with paranoid schizophrenia
Authors: Molchanova Olena 
Published: December 2017

Background
At present neurocognitive impairment is considered a core feature of schizophrenia. This statement is grounded on cognitive impairment stability, the persistence of cognitive impairment independently of the disease stage and other symptoms of schizophrenia. The relevance of the search for cognitive remediation methods is determined by the influence of cognitive functioning on the functional outcome in patients with schizophrenia. In order to solve this problem, scientists are actively investigating such direction in the treatment of patients with this psychopathology as «neurocognitive therapy» or neurocognitive training.

Objective
To evaluate the effectiveness of neurocognitive training in patients with paranoid schizophrenia

Methods and materials
The patients who matched inclusion criteria were assessed on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Personal and Social Performance scale (PSP), neuropsychological tests (Trail Making Test part A and B, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Luria test) at the baseline, 1st and 6th month. All patients who were included in the study were randomly assigned into two groups. The intervention group (n=40) underwent a standard supportive treatment and neurocognitive training. The control group (n=31) received supportive medication treatment alone.

Results
After 1st month, a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups was found both for the overall PANSS score improvement and improvement in several items, which represented the cognitive decline. Total PSP score increased significantly in the intervention group from 41-50 to 51-60 (р=0.0001). In Wisconsin Card Sorting Test the proportion of incorrect answers decreased by 31.4% (р=0.0001), perseverative errors by 20.1% (р=0.042), the number of completed categories increased by 33.5% (р=0.002).

Conclusion
The proposed neurocognitive training program showed positive results, which was reflected in a statistically significant improvement in PANSS score and cognitive tests performance in the intervention group compared to control group after treatment course and additional 5 months of the observation.
Possible missed opportunities for diagnosing colorectal cancer in Dutch primary care: a multimethods approach
Authors: Brandenbarg Daan , Groenhof Feikje , Siewers Ilse M , van der Voort Anna , Walter Fiona M , Berendsen Annette J 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundEarly detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) is important to achieve better survival. Discriminating symptoms suggestive of CRC from benign conditions is a challenge for GPs because most known ‘alarm symptoms’ have low predictive values.AimTo further understand the diagnostic process of CRC in general practice in terms of healthcare use and by analysing factors related to diagnostic intervals.Design and settingA multimethod approach comprising a historical, prospective registry study and qualitative content analysis.MethodHealthcare use in the year before referral for colonoscopy was compared between patients diagnosed with CRC and an age-, sex,- and GP-matched control population. Qualitative content analysis was performed on free texts in electronic patient records from a purposive sample of patients with CRC.ResultsPatients with CRC (n = 287) had 41% (25–59%) more face-to-face contacts and 21% (7–37%) more medication prescriptions than controls (n = 828). Forty-six per cent of patients with CRC had two or more contacts for digestive reasons, compared with 12.2% of controls, more often for symptoms than diagnoses. From qualitative analysis two themes emerged: ‘possible missed diagnostic opportunities’ and ‘improvements in diagnostic process unlikely’. Possible missed diagnostic opportunities were related to patients waiting before presenting symptoms, doctors attributing symptoms to comorbid conditions or medication use, or doctors sticking to an initial diagnosis.ConclusionFewer missed diagnostic opportunities might occur if GPs are aware of pitfalls in diagnosing CRC: the assumption that symptoms are caused by comorbid conditions or medication, or relating complaints to pre-existing medical conditions. GPs also need to be aware that repeated digestive complaints warrant rethinking an earlier diagnosis.
Neutrinos from Beta Processes in a Presupernova: Probing the Isotopic Evolution of a Massive Star
Authors: Patton Kelly M. , Lunardini Cecilia , Farmer Robert J. , Timmes F. X. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We present a new calculation of the neutrino flux received at Earth from a massive star in the ∼24 hr of evolution prior to its explosion as a supernova (presupernova). Using the stellar evolution code MESA, the neutrino emissivity in each flavor is calculated at many radial zones and time steps. In addition to thermal processes, neutrino production via beta processes is modeled in detail, using a network of 204 isotopes. We find that the total produced

flux has a high-energy spectrum tail, at

, which is mostly due to decay and electron capture on isotopes with

. In a tentative window of observability of

and

hr pre-collapse, the contribution of beta processes to the

flux is at the level of ∼90%. For a star at D = 1 kpc distance, a 17 kt liquid scintillator detector would typically observe several tens of events from a presupernova, of which up to ∼30% is due to beta processes. These processes dominate the signal at a liquid argon detector, thus greatly enhancing its sensitivity to a presupernova.
Variable Stars and Stellar Populations in Andromeda XXVII. IV. An Off-centered, Disrupted Galaxy*
Authors: Cusano Felice , Garofalo Alessia , Clementini Gisella , Cignoni Michele , Muraveva Tatiana , Tessicini Gianni , Testa Vincenzo , Paris Diego , Federici Luciana , Marconi Marcella , Ripepi Vincenzo , Musella Ilaria 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We present B and V time-series photometry of the M31 satellite galaxy Andromeda XXVII (And XXVII) that we observed with the Large Binocular Cameras of the Large Binocular Telescope. In the field of And XXVII we have discovered a total of 90 variables: 89 RR Lyrae stars and 1 Anomalous Cepheid. The average period of the fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars (RRab)

(σ = 0.05 day) and the period–amplitude diagram place And XXVII in the class of Oosterhoff I/Intermediate objects. Combining information from the color–magnitude diagram (CMD) and the variable stars, we find evidence for a single old and metal-poor stellar population with [Fe/H] ∼ −1.8 dex and t ∼ 13 Gyr in And XXVII. The spatial distributions of RR Lyrae and red giant branch (RGB) stars give clear indication that And XXVII is a completely disrupted system. This is also supported by the spread observed along the line of sight in the distance to the RR Lyrae stars. The highest concentration of RGB and RR Lyrae stars is found in a circular area of 4 arcmin in radius, centered about 0.°2 in the southeast direction from Richardson et al.’s center coordinates of And XXVII. The CMD of this region is well-defined, with a prominent RGB and 15 RR Lyrae stars (out of the 18 found in the region) tracing a very tight horizontal branch at

σ = 0.06 mag (average over 15 stars). We show that And XXVII is a strong candidate building block of the M31 halo.
Efficient Radiative Transfer for Dynamically Evolving Stratified Atmospheres*
Authors: Judge Philip G. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We present a fast multi-level and multi-atom non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer method for dynamically evolving stratified atmospheres, such as the solar atmosphere. The preconditioning method of Rybicki & Hummer (RH92) is adopted. But, pressed for the need of speed and stability, a “second-order escape probability” scheme is implemented within the framework of the RH92 method, in which frequency- and angle-integrals are carried out analytically. While minimizing the computational work needed, this comes at the expense of numerical accuracy. The iteration scheme is local, the formal solutions for the intensities are the only non-local component. At present the methods have been coded for vertical transport, applicable to atmospheres that are highly stratified. The probabilistic method seems adequately fast, stable, and sufficiently accurate for exploring dynamical interactions between the evolving MHD atmosphere and radiation using current computer hardware. Current 2D and 3D dynamics codes do not include this interaction as consistently as the current method does. The solutions generated may ultimately serve as initial conditions for dynamical calculations including full 3D radiative transfer.
The Direct Relation between the Duration of Magnetic Reconnection and the Evolution of GOES Light Curves in Solar Flares
Authors: Reep Jeffrey W. , Toriumi Shin 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

GOES soft X-ray light curves are used to measure the timing and duration of solar flare emission. The timing and duration of the magnetic reconnection and subsequent energy release that drive solar flares are unknown, though the light curves are presumably related. It is therefore critical to understand the physics that connect the two: how does the timescale of reconnection produce an observed GOES light curve? In this work, we model the formation and expansion of an arcade of loops with a hydrodynamic model, which we then use to synthesize GOES light curves. We calculate the FWHM and the e-folding decay time of the light curves and compare them to the separation of the centroids of the two ribbons that the arcade spans, which is representative of the size scale of the loops. We reproduce a linear relation between the two, as found observationally in previous work. We show that this demonstrates a direct connection between the duration of energy release and the evolution of these light curves. We also show that the cooling processes of individual loops comprising the flare arcade directly affect the measured timescales. From the clear consistency between the observed and modeled linearity, we conclude that the primary factors that control the flare timescales are the duration of reconnection and the loop lengths.
The O vi Mystery: Mismatch between X-Ray and UV Column Densities
Authors: Mathur S. , Nicastro F. , Gupta A. , Krongold Y. , McLaughlin B. M. , Brickhouse N. , Pradhan A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The UV spectra of Galactic and extragalactic sightlines often show O vi absorption lines at a range of redshifts, and from a variety of sources from the Galactic circumgalactic medium to active galactic nuclei (AGN) outflows. Inner shell O vi absorption is also observed in X-ray spectra (at

Å), but the column density inferred from the X-ray line was consistently larger than that from the UV line. Here we present a solution to this discrepancy for the z = 0 systems. The O ii Kβ line

at 562.40 eV (≡22.04 Å) is blended with the O vi Kα line in X-ray spectra. We estimate the strength of this O ii line in two different ways, and show that in most cases the O ii line accounts for the entire blended line. The small amount of O vi equivalent width present in some cases has column density entirely consistent with the UV value. This solution to the O vi discrepancy, however, does not apply to high column-density systems like AGN outflows. We discuss other possible causes to explain their UV/X-ray mismatch. The O vi and O ii lines will be resolved by gratings on board the proposed mission Arcus and the concept mission Lynx, and would allow the detection of weak O vi lines not just at z = 0, but also at higher redshift.
A new species of Voria Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Tachinidae) from Area de Conservación Guanacaste in northwestern Costa Rica
Authors: Fleming AJ , Wood D. Monty , Smith M. Alex , Dapkey Tanya , Hallwachs Winnie , Janzen Daniel 
Published: December 2017

We describe a new species in the genus Voria Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera: Tachinidae: Voriini) from Area de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG) in northwestern Costa Rica. It was reared as part of an ongoing inventory of wild-caught caterpillars spanning a variety of moth and butterfly families (Lepidoptera). Our study provides a concise description of the new species using morphology, life history, molecular data, and photographic documentation. In addition to the new species, we provide a diagnosis of the genus as well as new data relating to host use.
The following new species of Voria is described: Voria erasmocoronadoi Fleming & Wood sp. n.
The following are proposed by Fleming & Wood as new synonyms of Voria: Xenoplagia Townsend, 1914 syn. n., Hystricovoria Townsend, 1928 syn. n., Afrovoria Curran, 1938 syn. n., and Anavoria Mesnil, 1953 syn. n., and Itavoria Townsend, 1931 syn. n.
The following new combinations are proposed as a result of the new synonymies: Voria bakeri (Townsend, 1928), comb. n. and Voria setosa (Townsend, 1914), comb. n. The authors also propose Voria pollyclari (Rocha-e-Silva, Lopes & Della Lucia, 1999), comb. n. based on the morphology of the holotype.
De la machine de la fête baroque à la performance urbaine : éphémère éternel
Authors: Cirafici Alessandra 
Published: December 2017

L’article interroge l’origine historique du phénomène connu sous le nom d’« architecture éphémère » qui, ayant commencé à se développer à l’époque de la Rome baroque du Bernin, a modelé son expression caractéristique dans la culture et le langage qui ont fait la grandeur de la saison du baroque napolitain grâce à des personnalités telles que Cosimo Fanzago, Ferdinando Sanfelice, Domenico Antonio Vaccaro. Dans ce cadre, notre réflexion portant sur l’importance que la « machine de la fête baroque » a revêtu dans le développement urbain de la ville, la définition de l’espace collectif et la naissance de l’idée même de « place », nous amènera à élargir l’horizon de notre étude sur le spectre de l’architecture, pour réfléchir à la force de renouveau et de persuasion que le « provisoire » est en mesure d’engendrer dans la vie des villes ainsi qu’au rôle que l’« éphémère » – en tant que catégorie pour ainsi dire anthropologique – a joué et continue de jouer dans le développement et dans la définition de l’espace urbain. L’analyse du cas d’étude représenté par l’espace urbain du Largo di Palazzo offrira quelques clés de lecture à propos de la déclinaison du concept d’« éphémère » dans le développement urbain, transposables à partir de l’expérience de la ville de Naples toute entière.
Compositional evolution of particle-phase reaction products and water in the heterogeneous OH oxidation of model aqueous organic aerosols
Authors: Chim Man Mei , Cheng Chiu Tung , Davies James F. , Berkemeier Thomas , Shiraiwa Manabu , Zuend Andreas , Chan Man Nin 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Organic compounds present at or near the surface of aqueous droplets can be efficiently oxidized by gas-phase OH radicals, which alter the molecular distribution of the reaction products within the droplet. A change in aerosol composition affects the hygroscopicity and leads to a concomitant response in the equilibrium amount of particle-phase water. The variation in the aerosol water content affects the aerosol size and physicochemical properties, which in turn governs the oxidation kinetics and chemistry. To attain better knowledge of the compositional evolution of aqueous organic droplets during oxidation, this work investigates the heterogeneous OH-radical-initiated oxidation of aqueous methylsuccinic acid (C5H8O4) droplets, a model compound for small branched dicarboxylic acids found in atmospheric aerosols, at a high relative humidity of 85 % through experimental and modeling approaches. Aerosol mass spectra measured by a soft atmospheric pressure ionization source (Direct Analysis in Real Time, DART) coupled with a high-resolution mass spectrometer reveal two major products: a five carbon atom (C5) hydroxyl functionalization product (C5H8O5) and a C4 fragmentation product (C4H6O3). These two products likely originate from the formation and subsequent reactions (intermolecular hydrogen abstraction and carbon–carbon bond scission) of tertiary alkoxy radicals resulting from the OH abstraction occurring at the methyl-substituted carbon site. Based on the identification of the reaction products, a kinetic model of oxidation (a two-product model) coupled with the Aerosol Inorganic–Organic Mixtures Functional groups Activity Coefficients (AIOMFAC) model is built to simulate the size and compositional changes of aqueous methylsuccinic acid droplets during oxidation. Model results show that at the maximum OH exposure, the droplets become slightly more hygroscopic after oxidation, as the mass fraction of water is predicted to increase from 0.362 to 0.424; however, the diameter of the droplets decreases by 6.1 %. This can be attributed to the formation of volatile fragmentation products that partition to the gas phase, leading to a net loss of organic species and associated particle-phase water, and thus a smaller droplet size. Overall, fragmentation and volatilization processes play a larger role than the functionalization process in determining the evolution of aerosol water content and droplet size at high-oxidation stages.
The atmospheric impacts of monoterpene ozonolysis on global stabilised Criegee intermediate budgets and SO2 oxidation: experiment, theory and modelling
Authors: Newland Mike J. , Rickard Andrew R. , Sherwen Tomás , Evans Mathew J. , Vereecken Luc , Muñoz Amalia , Ródenas Milagros , Bloss William J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The gas-phase reaction of alkenes with ozone is known to produce stabilised Criegee intermediates (SCIs). These biradical/zwitterionic species have the potential to act as atmospheric oxidants for trace pollutants such as SO2, enhancing the formation of sulfate aerosol with impacts on air quality and health, radiative transfer and climate. However, the importance of this chemistry is uncertain as a consequence of limited understanding of the abundance and atmospheric fate of SCIs. In this work we apply experimental, theoretical and numerical modelling methods to quantify the atmospheric impacts, abundance, and fate, of the structurally diverse SCIs derived from the ozonolysis of monoterpenes, the second most abundant group of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the atmosphere. We have investigated the removal of SO2 by SCI formed from the ozonolysis of three monoterpenes (-pinene, -pinene and limonene) in the presence of varying amounts of water vapour in large-scale simulation chamber experiments. The SO2 removal displays a clear dependence on water vapour concentration, but this dependence is not linear across the range of [H2O] explored. At low [H2O] a strong dependence of SO2 removal on [H2O] is observed, while at higher [H2O] this dependence becomes much weaker. This is interpreted as being caused by the production of a variety of structurally (and hence chemically) different SCI in each of the systems studied, each displaying different rates of reaction with water and of unimolecular rearrangement/decomposition. The determined rate constants, k(SCI+H2O), for those SCI that react primarily with H2O range from 4–310 × 10−15 cm3 s−1. For those SCI that predominantly react unimolecularly, determined rates range from 130–240 s−1. These values are in line with previous results for the (analogous) stereo-specific SCI system of syn/anti-CH3CHOO. The experimental results are interpreted through theoretical studies of the SCI unimolecular reactions and bimolecular reactions with H2O, characterised for -pinene and -pinene at the M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. The theoretically derived rates agree with the experimental results within the uncertainties. A global modelling study, applying the experimental results within the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model, suggests that > 98 % of the total monoterpene derived global SCI burden is comprised of SCI whose structure determines that they react slowly with water, and whose atmospheric fate is dominated by unimolecular reactions. Seasonally averaged boundary layer concentrations of monoterpene-derived SCI reach up to 1.2 × 104 cm−3 in regions of elevated monoterpene emissions in the tropics. Reactions of monoterpene derived SCI with SO2 account for
Performance of the METRIC model in estimating evapotranspiration fluxes over an irrigated field in Saudi Arabia using Landsat-8 images
Authors: Madugundu Rangaswamy , Al-Gaadi Khalid A. , Tola ElKamil , Hassaballa Abdalhaleem A. , Patil Virupakshagouda C. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Accurate estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) is essential for hydrological modeling and efficient crop water management in hyper-arid climates. In this study, we applied the METRIC algorithm on Landsat-8 images, acquired from June to October 2013, for the mapping of ET of a 50 ha center-pivot irrigated alfalfa field in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. The METRIC-estimated energy balance components and ET were evaluated against the data provided by an eddy covariance (EC) flux tower installed in the field. Results indicated that the METRIC algorithm provided accurate ET estimates over the study area, with RMSE values of 0.13 and 4.15 mm d−1. The METRIC algorithm was observed to perform better in full canopy conditions compared to partial canopy conditions. On average, the METRIC algorithm overestimated the hourly ET by 6.6 % in comparison to the EC measurements; however, the daily ET was underestimated by 4.2 %.
ILSI Europe’s Food Allergy Task Force: From Defining the Hazard to Assessing the Risk from Food Allergens
Authors: Crevel René R W , Ronsmans Stefan , Marsaux Cyril F M , Bánáti Diána 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Europe Food Allergy Task Force was founded in response to early public concerns about the growing impact of food allergies almost coincidentally with the publication of the 1995 Food and Agriculture Organization-World Health Organization Technical Consultation on Food Allergies. In line with ILSI principles aimed to foster collaboration between stakeholders to promote consensus on science-based approaches to food safety and nutrition, the task force has played a central role since then in the development of risk assessment for food allergens. This ranged from consideration of the criteria to be applied to identifying allergens of public health concern through methodologies to determine the relationship between dose and the proportion of allergic individuals reacting, as well as the nature of the observed responses. The task force also promoted the application of novel, probabilistic risk assessment methods to better delineate the impact of benchmarks, such as reference doses, and actively participated in major European food allergy projects, such as EUROPREVALL, the European Union (EU)-funded project “The prevalence, cost and basis of food allergy across Europe;” and iFAAM, “Integrated approaches to food allergen and allergy risk management,” also an EU-funded project. Over the years, the task force’s work has evolved as answers to initial questions raised further issues: Its current work program includes a review of analytical methods and how different ones can best be deployed given their strengths and limitations. Another activity, which has just commenced, aims to develop a framework for stakeholders to achieve consensus on acceptable risk.