bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of 50‐g glucose challenge test to detect International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria‐defined hyperglycemia
Authors: Olagbuji Biodun N. , Aderoba Adeniyi K. , Kayode Oluwatosin O. , Awe Christianah O. , Akintan Adesina L. , Olagbuji Yetunde W. ,   the Gestational Diabetes Study Group‐Nigeria
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the accuracy of the 50‐g glucose challenge test (GCT) in detecting hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) across a range of glucose thresholds relative to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups diagnostic criteria, and to determine the accuracy of the 50‐g GCT among patients with different risk status.MethodsThe present prospective cohort study included women aged 18–45 years at 24–31+6 weeks of pregnancy who presented at the Mother and Child Hospital, Akure, Nigeria, between September 1, 2015, and February 29, 2016. Patients underwent the 50‐g GCT followed by the 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The accuracy of different 50‐g GCT thresholds in diagnosing HIP was assessed based on International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups diagnostic criteria, with the 75‐g OGTT used as a clinical reference standard.ResultsOf 280 patients enrolled, 46 (16.4%) had HIP. The sensitivity of the 50‐g GCT to detect HIP decreased from 47.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.9–63.1) at a 7.2‐mmol/L threshold to 32.6% (95% CI, 19.5–48.0) at a 8.0‐mmol/L threshold; the specificity improved from 84.2% (95% CI, 78.9–88.6) to 95.3% (95% CI, 91.7–97.6), respectively.ConclusionThe 50‐g GCT performed poorly compared with the 75‐g OGTT for detecting HIP. It appears to be an unsuitable replacement for the 75‐g OGTT.
MATERNAL TRAUMA AFFECTS PRENATAL MENTAL HEALTH AND INFANT STRESS REGULATION AMONG PALESTINIAN DYADS
Authors: Isosävi Sanna , Diab Safwat Y. , Kangaslampi Samuli , Qouta Samir , Kankaanpää Saija , Puura Kaija , Punamäki Raija‐Leena 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTWe examined how diverse and cumulated traumatic experiences predicted maternal prenatal mental health and infant stress regulation in war conditions and whether maternal mental health mediated the association between trauma and infant stress regulation. Participants were 511 Palestinian mothers from the Gaza Strip who reported exposure to current war trauma (WT), past childhood emotional (CEA) and physical abuse, socioeconomic status (SES), prenatal mental health problems (posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms), and perceived stress during their secondtrimester of pregnancy as well as infant stress regulation at 4 months. While all trauma types were associated with high levels of prenatal symptoms, CEA had the most wide‐ranging effects and was uniquely associated with depression symptoms. Concerning infant stress regulation, mothers’ CEA predicted negative affectivity, but only among mothers with low WT. Against hypothesis, the effects of maternal trauma on infant stress regulation were not mediated by mental health symptoms. Mothers’ higher SES was associated with better infant stress regulation whereas infant prematurity and male sex predisposed for difficulties. Our findings suggest that maternal childhood abuse, especially CEA, should be a central treatment target among war‐exposed families. Cumulated psychosocial stressors might increase the risk for transgenerational problems.
Necrotic cell death occur via JNK pathway with the activity of transcription factor c‐Jun by 4‐MC in INS‐1 cell line
Authors: Karatug Kacar Ayse , Bolkent Sehnaz 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this study, it was aimed to determine the doses of 4‐methylcatechol causing cell death in rat insulinoma β‐cells (INS‐1), to find out the type of cellular death at these doses, and to investigate the molecular mechanism of cellular death occurring. More necrotic cells were observed than apoptosis with the administration of 350, 400, and 450 μM 4‐methylcatechol. Lactate dehydrogenase levels, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial potential loss, ATP, and GTP losses increased at these doses. The JNK and ERK cellular pathway were screened. We observed an increase in p‐RAF1 activity, the active JNK amount, the total c‐Jun amount, while a decrease in p‐RAF1 expression, the total JNK amount, JNK expression, ATF2 expression, active ERK, and its expression and Elk1 expression. It was concluded that cells perform necrotic death by the following options: i) phosphorylated RAF1 activates the JNK pathway with the activity of transcription factor c‐Jun; ii) Hsp 70 and Hsp 90 do not show a change inside the cell, rendering the JNK pathway active.
Patellofemoral and tibiofemoral alignment in a fully weight‐bearing upright MR: Implementation and repeatability
Authors: Macri Erin M. , Crossley Kay M. , d'Entremont Agnes G. , Hart Harvi F. , Forster Bruce B. , Wilson David R. , Ratzlaff Charles R. , Walsh Anne M. , Khan Karim M. 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo develop methods for evaluating 3D patellofemoral and tibiofemoral alignment in vertical open‐bore magnetic resonance (MR) scanners, with participants upright and fully weight‐bearing; and to evaluate the repeatability of these methods in individuals with patellofemoral osteoarthritis (OA) and in asymptomatic knees.Materials and MethodsOur methods extend previously validated, reliable methods for evaluating alignment into an upright MR environment. In 10 participants with early patellofemoral OA and 10 with asymptomatic knees, we acquired sagittal T1‐weighted turbo spin echo images in a 3T scanner to create accurate participant‐specific 3D anatomical surface models. In a vertical open‐bore 0.5T MR scanner, we obtained lower‐resolution sagittal gradient echo images to capture bony position and orientation data. Participants were scanned in a position of squatting with the knees flexed 30°, three separate times to evaluate repeatability. Bone segmentation was performed manually, surface models were registered to data from the 0.5T scanner, and 3D patellofemoral and tibiofemoral alignment was calculated in all six degrees of freedom (three rotations and three translations).ResultsIntraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were ≥0.94, with the exception of patellar spin (0.79). Standard errors of measure (SEM) were <2° rotation and <0.9 mm translation. Repeatability remained adequate when stratified by group, with the exception of patellar spin (ICC 0.57 for asymptomatic knees vs. 0.91 for OA knees).ConclusionWe demonstrate methods for evaluating 3D alignment in upright fully weight‐bearing participant positions in a vertical open‐bore MR scanner. With the exception of patellar spin, repeatability was good to excellent.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:841–847.
Improved prediction of direction‐dependent, acute axonal injury in piglets
Authors: Atlan Lorre S. , Smith Colin , Margulies Susan S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTo guide development of safety equipment that reduces sports‐related head injuries, we sought to enhance predictive relationships between head movement and acute axonal injury severity. The severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is influenced by the magnitude and direction of head kinematics. Previous studies have demonstrated correlation between rotational head kinematics and symptom severity in the adult. More recent studies have demonstrated brain injury age‐ and direction‐dependence, relating head kinematics to white matter tract‐oriented strains. We have recently developed and assessed novel rotational head kinematic parameters as predictors of white matter damage in the female immature piglet. We show that many previously published rotational kinematic injury predictor metrics poorly predict acute axonal pathology induced by rapid, non‐impact head rotations and that inclusion of cerebral moments of inertia (MOI) in rotational head injury metrics refines prediction of diffuse axonal injury following rapid head rotations for two immature age groups. Rotational Work (RotWork) was the best significant predictor of traumatic axonal injury in both newborn and pre‐adolescent piglets following head rotations in the axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. An improvement over current metrics, we find that RotWork, which incorporates head rotation rate, direction, and brain shape, significantly enhanced acute traumatic axonal injury prediction. For similar injury extent, the RotWork threshold is lower for the newborn piglet than the pre‐adolescent.
Characterization of steryl glycosides in marine microalgae by gas chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC–QQQ‐MS)
Authors: Yu Shanshan , Zhang Yufan , Ran Yun , Lai Wenyi , Ran Zhaoshou , Xu Jilin , Zhou Chengxu , Yan Xiaojun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDSteryl glycosides (SGs) are sterol conjugates found in various plants, especially in those making up human diets. It has been demonstrated that SGs have potential health benefits, and they could be used as food supplements in a variety of food matrixes. Marine microalgae are a potential resource for human food and ingredients. In this study, gas chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC–QQQ‐MS) was used to characterize unknown SGs in eight microalgae belonging to different classes (Isochrysis galbana 3011, Pavlova viridis, Platymonas helgolandica, Conticribra weissflogii, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Nitzschia closterium, Gymnodinium sp., and Karlodinum veneficum).RESULTSThe SGs were first extracted from lyophilized algae with chloroform–methanol, purified by solid‐phase extraction and analyzed as trimethylsilyl derivatives. Nine SGs have been identified. In particular, new SGs like occelasteryl glycoside and stellasteryl glycoside were found in Gymnodinium sp., 24‐methylene cholesteryl glycoside was detected in P. helgolandica, and 4,24‐dimethylcholestan‐3‐yl glycoside was identified as the main constituent of microalga K. veneficum. The results also showed that the compositions of SGs in different microalgae varied, with a range of 5.234 to 0.036 g kg−1, and microalga P. viridis contained the most abundant SGs.CONCLUSIONGC–QQQ‐MS is a powerful tool to detect SGs with different structures from a variety of microalgae. The compositions of SGs in different microalgae varied greatly. Microalgae are a good source of highly valued SGs. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Plant growth‐promoting bacteria elevate the nutritional and functional properties of black cumin and flaxseed fixed oil
Authors: Dimitrijević Snežana , Pavlović Marija , Maksimović Svetolik , Ristić Mihajlo , Filipović Vladimir , Antonović Dušan , Dimitrijević‐Branković Suzana 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn order to study the influence of plant growth‐promoting bacteria (PGPB) belonging to Streptomyces sp., Paenibacillus sp., and Hymenobacter sp. on fixed oil content of flaxseed and black cumin, 2‐year field experiments were conducted. PGPB was applied during seedtime of plants. The extraction of oil from seeds was performed using supercritical CO2.RESULTSThe addition of PGPB significantly increases the content of C18:1 (from 16.06 ± 0.03% to 16.97 ± 0.03%) and C18:3 (from 42.97 ± 0.2% to 45.42 ± 0.5%) in flaxseed oil and C18:2 (from 52.68 ± 0.50% to 57.11 ± 0.40%) and C20:2 (from 4.34 ± 0.02% to 4.54 ± 0.03%) in black cumin seed oil. The contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids, as well as antioxidant activity measured by ferric‐reducing ability of plasma assay, were found to be greater in the oil from the seeds of plants treated with the PGPB, compared with the respective non‐treated samples.CONCLUSIONThe use of PGPB enhances plant nutritive properties; these represent a great source for obtaining valuable functional food ingredients. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Randomized, placebo‐controlled trial of ADS‐5102 (amantadine) extended‐release capsules for levodopa‐induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease (EASE LID 3)
Authors: Oertel Wolfgang , Eggert Karla , Pahwa Rajesh , Tanner Caroline M. , Hauser Robert A. , Trenkwalder Claudia , Ehret Reinhard , Azulay Jean Philippe , Isaacson Stuart , Felt Larissa , Stempien Mary Jean 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe treatment of levodopa‐induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD) is an unmet need with no approved drug therapy.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of 274 mg ADS‐5102 (amantadine) extended‐release capsules (equivalent to 340‐mg amantadine HCl) for levodopa‐induced dyskinesia in a randomized controlled trial.MethodsPD patients with ≥1 hour of troublesome dyskinesia and at least mild functional impact were randomized to placebo or ADS‐5102 once daily at bedtime for 13 weeks. The primary efficacy analysis was based on change from baseline to week 12 on the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale total score in the modified intent‐to‐treat population. OFF time was a key secondary measure.ResultsAt week 12, least‐squares mean change in the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale was −20.7 (standard error 2.2) for ADS‐5102 (n = 37) and –6.3 (standard error 2.1) for placebo (n = 38; treatment difference −14.4, 95% confidence interval −20.4 to −8.3, P < .0001), indicating improvement in levodopa‐induced dyskinesia. OFF time decreased 0.5 hours (standard error 0.3) for ADS‐5102 from a baseline mean of 2.6 hours and increased 0.6 hours (standard error 0.3) for placebo from a baseline mean of 2.0 hours (treatment difference −1.1 hours, 95% confidence interval −2.0 to −0.2, P = .0199). The most common adverse events (ADS‐5102 versus placebo) included dry mouth (13.5% versus 2.6%), nausea (13.5% versus 2.6%), decreased appetite (10.8% versus 0%), insomnia (10.8% versus 0%), orthostatic hypotension (10.8% versus 0%), constipation (8.1% versus 0%), falls (8.1% versus 5.3%), and visual hallucinations (8.1% versus 5.3%). Adverse events led to treatment discontinuation in 19% versus 8%, respectively.ConclusionADS‐5102 274 mg is an oral pharmacotherapy demonstrating a significant decrease in levodopa‐induced dyskinesia and improving OFF time. © 2017 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Appetite‐Inducing Effects of Homoeriodictyol: Two Randomized, Cross‐Over Interventions
Authors: Hochkogler Christina M. , Liszt Kathrin , Lieder Barbara , Stöger Verena , Stübler Anna , Pignitter Marc , Hans Joachim , Widder Sabine , Ley Jakob P. , Krammer Gerhard E. , Somoza Veronika 
Published: August 2017

ScopeAnorexia of aging, characterized by a decrease in appetite and/or food intake, is a major risk factor of under‐nutrition and adverse health outcomes in elderly people. Recent in vitro evidence suggests homoeriodictyol (HED), a naturally occurring, bitter‐masking flavanone, as a promising agent to increase appetite and food intake.Methods and resultsIn two cross‐over intervention trials, 30 mg NaHED, either solely (n = 10, Study I) or in combination with a 75 g glucose load (n = 17, study II) were administered to healthy adult subjects. Ratings of hunger were assessed at fasting and either 30 min (Study I) or 120 min (Study II) post intervention. Ad libitum energy intake from a standardized breakfast and plasma changes in hunger‐/satiety‐associated hormones PYY, GLP‐1, ghrelin and serotonin were determined after blood drawings. Effects were more pronounced when NaHED was administered in combination with 75 g glucose since ad libitum energy (+ 9.52 ± 4.60%) and protein (+ 7.08 ± 7.97%) intake as well as plasma ΔAUC ghrelin values increased in study II solely, whereas plasma serotonin concentrations decreased after both interventions.ConclusionsNaHED demonstrated appetizing effects in healthy adults when administered with a glucose load. Long‐term intervention studies are warranted to verify these effects in compromised subjects.
Time integration for extended discontinuous Galerkin methods with moving domains
Authors: Kummer Florian , Müller Björn , Utz Thomas 
Published: August 2017

SummaryWe study time integration schemes for discontinuous Galerkin discretizations of problems with moving immersed interfaces. Two approaches have been discussed in literature so far: splitting schemes and space‐time methods. Splitting schemes are cheap and easy to implement, but are non‐conservative, inherently limited to low orders of accuracy, and require extremely small time steps. Space‐time methods, on the other hand, are conservative, allow for large time steps, and generalize to arbitrary orders of accuracy. However, these advantages come at the expense of a severe growth the systems to be solved. Within this work, we present a generic strategy that combines the advantages of both concepts by evaluating numerical fluxes in a moving reference frame and by making use of a conservative cell‐agglomeration strategy. We study the performance of this strategy in combination with backward‐difference‐formulas and explicit Runge‐Kutta schemes in the context of the scalar transport equation, the Burgers equation, and the heat equation. Our results indicate that higher order spatial and temporal convergence rates can be achieved without increasing the size of the systems to be solved.
ADHD Medication, Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, and BMI in Children: A Longitudinal Analysis of the ECLS‐K Study
Authors: Bowling April , Davison Kirsten , Haneuse Sebastien , Beardslee William , Miller Daniel P. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveThis study examined relationships between attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), stimulant use, and BMI change in a nationally representative cohort of children as well as differences in diet and physical activity that may mediate associations between stimulant use and BMI change.MethodsBy using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study‐Kindergarten Cohort 1998‐1999 (N = 8,250), we modeled BMI and z score change by ADHD and stimulant start time, examined the odds of unhealthy diet and physical activity predicted by ADHD and stimulant use, and performed mediation analysis assessing indirect effects of health behaviors.ResultsEarly stimulant use predicted short‐term BMI reductions, but any stimulant use predicted increased BMI growth between fifth grade (mean age = 11.2 years) and eighth grade (mean age = 14.3 years). Children with ADHD had higher odds of poor diet regardless of medication. Health behaviors were not associated with BMI change after controlling for medication use.ConclusionsStimulant use predicted higher BMI trajectory between fifth and eighth grade but did not affect dietary or physical activity patterns. Future research should explore potential mechanisms by which early and long‐term stimulant use may affect metabolism, while clinicians should initiate nutrition counseling with families of children with ADHD, regardless of medication prescription, at or shortly after diagnosis.
miRNA Signatures of Insulin Resistance in Obesity
Authors: Jones Angela , Danielson Kirsty M. , Benton Miles C. , Ziegler Olivia , Shah Ravi , Stubbs Richard S. , Das Saumya , Macartney‐Coxson Donia 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveExtracellular microRNAs (miRNAs) represent functional biomarkers for obesity and related disorders; this study investigated plasma miRNAs in insulin resistance phenotypes in obesity.MethodsOne hundred seventy‐five miRNAs were analyzed in females with obesity (insulin sensitivity, n = 11; insulin resistance, n = 19; type 2 diabetes, n = 15) and without obesity (n = 12). Correlations between miRNA level and clinical parameters and levels of 15 miRNAs in a murine obesity model were investigated.ResultsOne hundred six miRNAs were significantly (adjusted P ≤ 0.05) different between controls and at least one obesity phenotype, including miRNAs with the following attributes: previously reported roles in obesity and altered circulating levels (e.g., miR‐122, miR‐192); known roles in obesity but no reported changes in circulating levels (e.g., miR‐378a); and no current reported role in, or association with, obesity (e.g., miR‐28‐5p, miR‐374b, miR‐32). The miRNAs in the latter group were found to be associated with extracellular vesicles. Forty‐eight miRNAs showed significant correlations with clinical parameters; stepwise regression retained let‐7b, miR‐144‐5p, miR‐34a, and miR‐532‐5p in a model predictive of insulin resistance (R2 = 0.57, P = 7.5 × 10−8). Both miR‐378a and miR‐122 were perturbed in metabolically relevant tissues in a murine model of obesity.ConclusionsThis study expands on the role of extracellular miRNAs in insulin‐resistant phenotypes of obesity and identifies candidate miRNAs not previously associated with obesity.
Microwave‐assisted solvent‐free synthesis of novel benzoxazines: A faster and environmentally friendly route to the development of bio‐based thermosetting resins
Authors: Oliveira Jéssica R. , Kotzebue Lloyd R. V. , Ribeiro Francisco W. M. , Mota Beatriz C. , Zampieri Dávila , Mazzetto Selma E. , Ishida Hatsuo , Lomonaco Diego 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTMicrowave‐assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) is a well‐established technique that has been used in the enhancement of chemical reactions. Here, the versatility of MAOS is explored describing an environmentally friendly one‐pot route to novel bio‐based benzoxazines under solvent‐free conditions. The lignin derivative, guaiacol, along with paraformaldehyde and different conjugated and nonconjugated amines are successfully fused into guaiacol‐derived 3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,3‐benzoxazines. The reactions conducted under microwave irradiation are completed much faster than those under traditional heating, reducing the reaction time from hours to only 6 min, with good yields. The chemical structures of novel benzoxazines are confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, FTIR, and HR‐MS. The thermal behavior of the resins are evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), showing that these polymers have good thermal stability and wide processing‐window, with onset temperature of polymerization above 230 °C. These results indicate dramatic improvement over the traditional methodologies for the production of this class of resins, which are usually obtained by time‐consuming procedures and in the presence of toxic solvents. Therefore, MAOS can be considered a green and efficient strategy for the synthesis of eco‐friendly benzoxazines. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3534–3544
Coloring graphs of various maximum degree from random lists
Authors: Casselgren Carl Johan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLet G = G(n) be a graph on n vertices with maximum degree Δ =Δ (n). Assign to each vertex v of G a list L(v) of colors by choosing each list independently and uniformly at random from all k‐subsets of a color set of size . Such a list assignment is called a random ‐list assignment. In this paper, we are interested in determining the asymptotic probability (as n →∞) of the existence of a proper coloring φ of G, such that for every vertex v of G, a so‐called L‐coloring. We give various lower bounds on σ, in terms of n, k, and Δ, which ensures that with probability tending to 1 as n →∞ there is an L‐coloring of G. In particular, we show, for all fixed k and growing n, that if and , then the probability that G has an L‐coloring tends to 1 as . If and , then the same conclusion holds provided that . We also give related results for other bounds on Δ, when k is constant or a strictly increasing function of n.