bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palladium on Carbon‐Catalyzed C−H Amination for Synthesis of Carbazoles and its Mechanistic Study
Authors: Monguchi Yasunari , Okami Hiroki , Ichikawa Tomohiro , Nozaki Kei , Maejima Toshihide , Oumi Yasunori , Sawama Yoshinari , Sajiki Hironao 
Published: September 2016

Abstract10% Palladium on carbon (10% Pd/C) successfully catalyzed the intramolecular C−H amination of various N‐mesylated 2‐aminobiphenyls in the presence of a catalytic amount of pyridine N‐oxide in heated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) under an oxygen atmosphere to afford the corresponding N‐mesylcarbazoles. The reaction would proceed via a single‐electron transfer process based on its significant suppression by the addition of a single‐electron scavenger, tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), and the substituents on the aromatic rings of the substrate have an insignificant effect on the reaction progress.magnified image
High‐Pressure‐Mediated Asymmetric Organocatalytic Hydroxyalkylation of Indoles with Trifluoromethyl Ketones
Authors: Kasztelan Adrian , Biedrzycki Michał , Kwiatkowski Piotr 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAn enantioselective hydroxyalkylation of indoles and 7‐azaindole with trifluoromethyl ketones was found to be effectively promoted under high‐pressure conditions with a low loading of Cinchona alkaloids (e.g., 1–3 mol% of cinchonidine). Chiral tertiary alcohols containing a trifluoromethyl group were obtained at 9 kbar with good yield and enantioselectivity up to 89%, whereas usually merely traces of products were detected at atmospheric pressure.magnified image
Household resources and seasonal patterns of child growth in rural Timor‐Leste
Authors: Spencer Phoebe R. , Sanders Katherine A. , Canisio Amaral Pedro , Judge Debra S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to determine through detailed contextual investigation the effects of seasonal resource shortages, and household and individual level differences, on child growth in rural Timor‐Leste. We compared trends in growth across two rural Timorese villages with different ecologies.MethodsHeads of 104 households in Natarbora, Timor‐Leste, were interviewed and resource levels assessed during the food shortage season. In these households, 337 children were measured for height, weight, and mid‐upper arm circumference. World Health Organization standardized measures were calculated and compared with dry season measurements. Using hierarchical linear models, child growth was related to household resource levels. Results were then compared to data from rural mountainous Ossu, Timor‐Leste.Resultsz BMI declined over the wet season when food resources were scarce compared with the dry season (P < .001). Both age and sex were strong predictors of child growth, with older children having worse z height‐for‐age (P = .001) and z weight‐for‐age (P < .001) and boys shorter for age than girls (P = .049). Children were taller in households with modern flushable toilets (P = .005). Agricultural strategies such as crop diversity and land cultivation were linked to child growth. Results parallel findings from Ossu on the effects of season, child age and sex, but not household level socioeconomic differences.ConclusionsResults highlight the importance of subsistence‐based resource stabilization and of early intervention to prevent growth faltering. Predicting growth using ecological models requires small‐scale investigation, as variation exists among rural areas within an ecologically and culturally diverse country.
Impact of 9/11‐related chronic conditions and PTSD comorbidity on early retirement and job loss among World Trade Center disaster rescue and recovery workers
Authors: Yu Shengchao , Brackbill Robert M. , Locke Sean , Stellman Steven D. , Gargano Lisa M. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundThe economic impact of the 9/11 terrorist attacks has rarely been studied. We examined the association between 9/11‐related chronic health conditions with or without post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and one important aspect of the economic impact, retirement, and job loss before age 60.MethodsA total of 7,662 workers who participated in the World Trade Center Health Registry surveys were studied. Logistic regression models examined the association of 9/11‐related health and labor force exit.ResultsWorkers with chronic conditions were more likely to experience early retirement and job loss, and the association was stronger in the presence of PTSD comorbidity: the odds ratios for reporting early retirement or job loss were increased considerably when chronic conditions were comorbid with PTSD.ConclusionsDisaster‐related health burden directly impacts premature labor force exit and income. Future evaluation of disaster outcome should include its long‐term impact on labor force. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:731–741, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biomarkers of patient intrinsic risk for upper and lower airway injury after exposure to the World Trade Center atrocity
Authors: Zeig‐Owens Rachel , Nolan Anna , Putman Barbara , Singh Ankura , Prezant David J. , Weiden Michael D. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundHigh rates of upper and lower airways disease have occurred in Fire Department of the City of New York (FDNY) workers exposed to the World Trade Center (WTC) disaster site. Most experienced acute declines in pulmonary function, and some continued to experience decline over 14 years of follow‐up. Similarly, some with rhinosinusitis had symptoms requiring sinus surgery.AimTo increase generalizability of biomarker investigation, we describe biomarkers of risk for upper and lower airway injury that do not require stored serum.MethodsWe review WTC biomarker literature.ResultsCytokines expressed in stored serum from the first 6 months post‐9/11 can identify individuals at higher risk for future abnormal pulmonary function.ConclusionThis research will help identify individuals at high risk of lung and sinus disease that develop after these, or future, irritant exposures for intensive monitoring and treatment. It may also identify targets for effective therapeutic interventions. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:788–794, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of asthma and PTSD on persistence and onset of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms among adults exposed to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks
Authors: Li Jiehui , Brackbill Robert M. , Jordan Hannah T. , Cone James E. , Farfel Mark R. , Stellman Steven D. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundLittle is known about the direction of causality among asthma, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and onset of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms (GERS) after exposure to the 9/11/2001 World Trade Center (WTC) disaster.MethodsUsing data from the WTC Health Registry, we investigated the effects of early diagnosed post‐9/11 asthma and PTSD on the late onset and persistence of GERS using log‐binomial regression, and examined whether PTSD mediated the asthma‐GERS association using structural equation modeling.ResultsOf 29,406 enrollees, 23% reported GERS at follow‐up in 2011–2012. Early post‐9/11 asthma and PTSD were each independently associated with both the persistence of GERS that was present at baseline and the development of GERS in persons without a prior history. PTSD mediated the association between early post‐9/11 asthma and late‐onset GERS.ConclusionsClinicians should assess patients with post‐9/11 GERS for comorbid asthma and PTSD, and plan medical care for these conditions in an integrated fashion. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:805–814, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among law enforcement officers who responded to the 9/11 World Trade Center attacks
Authors: Moline Jacqueline M. , McLaughlin Mary Ann , Sawit Simonette T. , Maceda Cynara , Croft Lori B. , Goldman Martin E. , Garcia Mario J. , Iyengar Rupa L. , Woodward Mark 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundLaw enforcement officers (LEOs) experience high rates of cardiovascular events compared with the general US population. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) confers an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and all‐cause mortality. Data regarding MetS among LEOs are limited.MethodsWe sought to determine the prevalence of MetS and its associated risk factors as well as gender differences among LEOs who participated in the World Trade Center (WTC) Law Enforcement Cardiovascular Screening (LECS) Program from 2008 to 2010. We evaluated a total of 2,497 participants, 40 years and older, who responded to the 9/11 WTC attacks.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS was 27%, with abdominal obesity and hypertension being the most frequently occurring risk factors. MetS and its risk factors were significantly higher among male compared to female LEOs, except for reduced HDL‐cholesterol levels.ConclusionsMetS is a rising epidemic in the United States, and importantly, approximately one in four LEOs who worked at the WTC site after 9/11 are affected. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:752–760, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Dialkoxymethane Ethers Utilizing Carbon Dioxide and Molecular Hydrogen
Authors: Thenert Katharina , Beydoun Kassem , Wiesenthal Jan , Leitner Walter , Klankermayer Jürgen 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of dimethoxymethane (DMM) by a multistep reaction of methanol with carbon dioxide and molecular hydrogen is reported. Using the molecular catalyst [Ru(triphos)(tmm)] in combination with the Lewis acid Al(OTf)3 resulted in a versatile catalytic system for the synthesis of various dialkoxymethane ethers. This new catalytic reaction provides the first synthetic example for the selective conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen into a formaldehyde oxidation level, thus opening access to new molecular structures using this important C1 source.
Stereospecific Synthesis of Alkenes by Eliminative Cross‐Coupling of Enantioenriched sp3‐Hybridized Carbenoids
Authors: Wu Zhenhua , Sun Xun , Potter Kristin , Cao Yang , Zakharov Lev N. , Blakemore Paul R. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract1‐Aryl‐1,2‐dialkylethenes were generated by a sequence of electrophilic substitution, 1,2‐metalate rearrangement, and β‐elimination initiated by the addition of enantioenriched α‐(carbamoyloxy)alkylboronates to enantioenriched lithiated carbamates. The carbenoid stereochemical pairing [i.e., “like”=(S)+(S) or “unlike”=(S)+(R)] and the elimination mechanism (syn or anti), not substituent effects, determined the configuration of the trisubstituted alkene target. For example, (Z)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐pentene was produced in 70 % yield with E/Z=5:95 by a like combination of Li and B carbenoids and syn (thermal) elimination whereas the E isomer was obtained in the same yield with E/Z>98:2 by an otherwise identical process involving an unlike stereochemical pairing. The concept elaborated overcomes an intrinsic limitation of traditional strategies for direct connective alkene synthesis, which cannot realize meaningful stereochemical bias unless the alkene substituents are strongly differentiated.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Metal–Polyphenol Coordination Crystals and Their Derived Metal/N‐doped Carbon Composites for Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Authors: Wei Jing , Liang Yan , Hu Yaoxin , Kong Biao , Zhang Jin , Gu Qinfen , Tong Yuping , Wang Xianbiao , Jiang San Ping , Wang Huanting 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCobalt (or iron)–polyphenol coordination polymers with crystalline frameworks are synthesized for the first time. The crystalline framework is formed by the assembly of metal ions and polyphenol followed by oxidative self‐polymerization of the organic ligands (polyphenol) during hydrothermal treatment in alkaline condition. As a result, such coordination crystals are even partly stable in strong acid (such as 2 m HCl). The metal (Co or Fe)‐natural abundant polyphenol (tannin) coordination crystals are a renewable source for the fabrication of metal/carbon composites as a nonprecious‐metal catalyst, which show high catalytic performance for both oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction. Such excellent performance makes metal–polyphenol coordination crystals an efficient precursor to fabricate low‐cost catalysts for the large‐scale application of fuel cells and metal–air batteries.
Analysis of the influence of the injection molding process on the crystallization kinetics of a HDPE
Authors: Giboz Julien , Copponnex Thierry , Mélé Patrice 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThermal analyses of microparts in high density polyethylene (HDPE) have shown that the specific processing conditions used in microinjection molding have irreversible consequences on the polymer morphology. This result has been demonstrated with the analysis of the non‐isothermal crystallization behavior of a HDPE with different thermal histories. The evolution of the absolute crystallinity has been analyzed with a relevant model able to separate the primary and secondary mechanisms all over the crystallization duration. This model has emphasized that the evolution of the primary crystallinity with time is different for the microparts compared to the conventional objects. These differences were attributed to variations of the crystallization mechanisms, especially within the nucleation phase, where a persistent melt memory effect of the former chains orientation/extension was assumed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44239.
Structure and adhesive properties of the RFL‐coated continuous basalt fiber cord/rubber interface
Authors: Li Zhuo , Xiao Tongliang , Kong Lingyi , Wan Jijun , Zhao Shugao 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe relationships between the structure of the resorcinol‐formaldehyde‐latex (RFL) layer, static adhesion, and interfacial fatigue properties between the RFL‐coated continuous basalt fiber (CBF) cord and a rubber matrix were studied using films prepared from RFL systems with various formulas and H samples prepared with RFL‐coated CBF cord and NR/SBR matrix. Thermomechanical analysis and tensile testing of the RFL films were carried out using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The H pull‐out force and fatigue properties were tested using a universal testing machine and an MTS, respectively. The interfacial fatigue life of the RFL‐coated CBF cord/rubber samples exhibited different variation regularity from the variation of the H pull‐out force as F/R and L/RF changed. The static adhesion reflected the connection strength between the cord and the rubber matrix, whereas the characteristics and the properties of the RFL layer played a decisive role in determining the damage rate of the adhesion. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44353.
Solvent effect and macrovoid formation in cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)–polyacrylonitrile (PAN) blend hollow fiber membranes
Authors: Roy Anirban , Bhunia Prasenjit , De Sirshendu 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe interactions which govern the morphology of blend hollow fiber membranes is explored in detail in the present work. A hydrophilic (cellulose acetate phthalate) and a relatively hydrophobic polymer (polyacrylonitrile, critical surface tension 47.0 mJ/m2) blend in three solvents, viz., n‐methylpyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl formamide (DMF), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), has been selected as an example to understand the polymeric blend—solvent and nonsolvent interactions. The deviation intrinsic parameter (
) is estimated as well as cloud point, linearized cloud point (LCP), and Fourier transform‐infrared (FT‐IR) analysis have been performed for the blend membranes. The analysis yields that
is negative for both DMF and NMP indicating miscibility, whereas for DMSO it is positive indicating immiscibility. Cloud point and LCP analysis too reveal DMSO to be the poorest solvent and liquid‐liquid demixing is the governing phenomenon for the phase inversion. In depth interaction is conducted with help of FT‐IR spectra. The higher red shift of >C==O (1747 to 1665 cm−1) after complete phase inversion indicates stronger interaction in DMF and NMP, whereas, no shift in >C==O stretching in DMSO indicates weak or no interaction. This reveals that polymer blend‐solvent interaction is weak in case of DMSO than DMF or NMP. These observations manifest in DMSO membranes being most porous, with highest permeability and molecular weight cut off with poor tensile strength. On the other hand, NMP and DMF hollow fiber membranes yields denser structure with better mechanical properties. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44366.
Quantized Iterative Learning Control Design For Linear Systems Based On A 2‐D Roesser Model
Authors: Yanling Yin , Xuhui Bu , Jiaqi Liang 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of iterative learning control design for linear systems with data quantization. It is assumed that the control input update signals are quantized before they are transmitted to the iterative learning controller. A logarithmic quantizer is used to decode the signal with a number of quantization levels. Then, a 2‐D Roesser model is established to describe the entire dynamics of the iterative learning control (ILC) system. By using the sector bound method, a sufficient asymptotic stability condition for such a 2‐D system is established and then the ILC design is given simultaneously. The result is also extended to more general cases where the system matrices contain uncertain parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by a numerical example.
Ezrin and HNRNP expression correlate with increased virus release rate and early onset of virus‐induced apoptosis of MDCK suspension cells
Authors: Kluge Sabine , Genzel Yvonne , Laus Kim , Serve Anja , Pflugmacher Antje , Peschel Britta , Rapp Erdmann , Reichl Udo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWith the aim to adapt high‐yield adherent cell lines to suspension growth, Madin Darby canine kidney (MDCK) suspension cells were developed recently that achieved comparable influenza virus yields despite an early induction of apoptosis compared to the parental adherent cell line. For both cell lines, a comprehensive study under comparable infection conditions is performed comprising information on: time course of viral infection, antiviral state of cells, virus‐induced apoptosis, and virus‐induced cellular protein expression for early and late infection with influenza A/PuertoRico/8/34 H1N1. The proteomic analysis is performed with 2D differential gel electrophoreses followed by mass spectrometry. Based on flow cytometric data and on the differential expression of various stress and apoptosis‐related proteins, the earlier onset of virus‐induced apoptosis is confirmed for suspension cells. Surprisingly, the data indicated an increased virus release rate for suspension cells. These observations correlate with an increased expression of the apical marker protein ezrin, known to play a role in influenza‐induced cytoskeletal rearrangement, and the differential expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, known to bind actively influenza viral proteins and play a central role in regulating gene expression. Based on these findings, additional studies towards the design of MDCK suspension cells with further increase in influenza virus yields will be performed.
Essential Oil Variability of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. Parts During Its Phenological Cycle and Incidence on the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Djouahri Abderrahmane , Saka Boualem , Boudarene Lynda , Lamari Lynda , Sabaou Nasserdine , Baaliouamer Aoumeur 
Published: September 2016

The impact of phenological stages (vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages) on chemical composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast. parts essential oils were investigated for the first time. GC and GC/MS analyses pointed to a quantitative variability of components; terpene hydrocarbons derivatives, represented by α‐pinene (16.38 ± 0.19 – 31.78 ± 0.35%) and limonene (3.41 ± 0.07 – 9.49 ± 0.14%) as major components, predominate at the vegetative stage, whereas oxygenated derivatives, represented by camphor (16.11 ± 0.23 – 26.17 ± 0.29%) and bornyl acetate (15.21 ± 0.21 – 27.33 ± 0.33%) as major components, predominate at the fruiting stage. Furthermore, our findings showed that the plant parts collected at the fruiting stage possess the highest antioxidant activity and the best antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms, than plant parts collected at the vegetative and flowering stages. This highlighted variability reflects the high impact of phenological cycle on chemical composition and biological activities, which led to conclude that we should select essential oils to be investigated carefully depending on phenological stage, in order to have the highest effectiveness of essential oil in terms of biological activities for human health purposes.
Comprehensive Characterisation of n‐Alkylresorcinols and Other Lipid Constituents of Mercurialis tomentosa L. from Alicante, Spain
Authors: Lorenz Peter , Heinrich Miriam , Conrad Jürgen , Heller Annerose , Stintzing Florian C. , Kammerer Dietmar R. 
Published: September 2016

Mercurialis tomentosa L. has been used in Spanish ethnomedicine. In the present study the first phytochemical characterisation of a lipid fraction from M. tomentosa was performed. The CHCl3 extraction of aerial parts from M. tomentosa and GC/MS investigations revealed the occurrence of cuticular lipid and wax constituents, like long chain n‐alcohols and n‐aldehydes (C22 – C30), besides several aromatic constituents, i.e., phenylpropanoids and n‐alkylresorcinols. The latter were further purified by CC and analysed by LC/MSn. In contrast to other Mercurialis species, i.e., M. annua, M. perennis, which exclusively contain 5‐n‐alkylresorcinols (1a – j, Cn), mainly 5‐n‐alkyl‐2‐methylresorcinols (2a – j, Cn*) with side chain lengths of C15 – C25 were found in M. tomentosa, in addition to 1a – j. Thus, the latter compounds may be utilised for analytical characterisation and authentication of M. tomentosa based on fingerprinting methods. For structure elucidation a novel facile total synthesis of one representative 5‐n‐alkyl‐2‐methylresorcinol homologue (2d, C19*) was developed, starting with a Grignard reaction from a substituted benzoic acid chloride (19). The compound obtained by synthesis was identical to the natural product 2d in terms of its chromatographic and spectroscopic features. Futhermore, 2d exhibited satisfactory DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 37.8 μm) when compared to trolox (IC50 = 21.0 μm), corroborating the antioxidant features of these amphipathic molecules.
Palladium@Platinum Concave Nanocubes with Enhanced Catalytic Activity toward Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Lee Sujin R. , Park Jinho , Gilroy Kyle D. , Yang Xuan , Figueroa‐Cosme Legna , Ding Yong , Xia Younan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe report the facile synthesis of Pd@Pt core–shell nanocubes with concave facets on the surface and their enhanced activities toward the oxygen reduction reaction. The success of this synthesis depends critically on our ability to manipulate both the deposition rate of atoms and the surface diffusion rate of the adatoms. In the first step, Pd nanocubes with side faces capped by Br− ions are transformed into concave nanocubes by seed‐mediated growth. The PdCl42− precursor is added in one shot, and the growth is conducted at 40 °C to accelerate deposition and decelerate surface diffusion. For the synthesis of Pd@Pt core–shell concave nanocubes, the PtCl42− precursor is added dropwise into a suspension of the Pd concave nanocubes and reduced by citric acid at 90 °C. As such, we can deposit an ultrathin Pt shell on the surface of each Pd concave nanocube. Despite their much larger size, the Pd@Pt concave nanocubes exhibit greater specific electrochemical surface areas than a commercial Pt/C catalyst, which implies the more efficient dispersion of Pt atoms on the surface. In addition to excellent durability, the catalyst based on Pd@Pt concave nanocubes shows enhanced catalytic activities toward the oxygen reduction reaction.