bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fire messaging: a qualitative exploration of how adults teach children about fire
Authors: Horsley Faye , Birrell Emily , Gouldthorp Grace , Kohli Danisha , McLackland Faith , Taylor Ellie 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
Research indicates that children’s early experience of fire can influence what and how they learn about fire. In turn, early fire-learning can influence how people come to use it later in life, including whether they engage in maladaptive use, i.e. firesetting. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms of fire-learning, which was the basis for this study. The research question was: “how do adults educate children about fire in the UK/ Ireland”? The purpose of this study was to explore the child fire education process from an adult perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews was conducted with 21 fire-educators who had regular contact with children. Data was analysed using abbreviated grounded theory. Steps were taken to ensure reliability and validity, including a Cohen’s Kappa calculation, indicating an agreement level of 0.9 between two raters.

Findings
Four core themes were identified: the fire narrative, enabling growth, risk management, and communication, from which the fire-learning process model (F-LPM) was formed.

Research limitations/implications
The main limitation is the nature of the sample, in that it was diverse and self-selecting.

Practical implications
The findings are discussed, including how they offer support for social learning theory (SLT) perspectives on fire-learning.

Social implications
The social construction of fire (i.e. the way fire is viewed by society as a whole in the UK/ Ireland) is discussed in depth, and cultural variability is highlighted. Suggestions are made for how the societal view of fire and, consequently, how adults convey this to young people, could be better balanced.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in the UK/ Ireland to consider how adults educate young people about fire from a concurrent perspective. This is important given that research indicates early experiences of fire can impact how people later go on to use it (including maladaptive use in the form of firesetting).
War Captivity as a Contact Zone: The Case of British Prisoners of War on Parole in Napoleonic France
Authors: DUCHÉ ELODIE 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe existing scholarship on Napoleonic captivity tends to focus on French prisoners of war held in Britain at the time. This article seeks to help redress this gap by drawing upon a range of English and French sources to investigate how British captives on parole experienced displacement in Napoleonic France during up to eleven years of their lives, between 1803 and 1814. The multifaceted relations that prisoners developed with residents and fellow captives offer important nuances for our understanding of Franco‐British relations during the period. They also provide an insight into how war captivity formed a ‘contact zone’ amidst the conflict. Through this case study, the article highlights that the notion of ‘contact zone’ can provide a helpful framework to further conceptualise histories of prisoner of war experience, even beyond the Napoleonic Wars.
Framing masks: Navigating public discourse and perception on face masks in Sweden during Covid‐19
Authors: Johnson Victoria , Frykmer Tove 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic significantly influenced public discourse, particularly on the use of face masks, with social media serving as a platform for the public to express their opinions and share experiences. This study examines how the Swedish public supports their arguments when discussing their stance on face masks during the Covid‐19 pandemic, split into three categories: (1) personal opinions, experiences, and nonrelevant comparisons, (2) comparing and contrasting data, and (3) discussing scientific studies and expert opinions. Utilising webnography, we analysed 800 tweets mentioning face masks in Sweden where our findings reveal the varying methods of backing up one's standpoint. Furthermore, the framing of information by media outlets and public health authorities significantly influences the interpretation of scientific results and guidelines, leading to varying public behaviours towards face mask usage. Additionally, the study highlights the crucial role of confirmation bias, where individuals' pre‐existing beliefs affect their acceptance or rejection of evidence. Despite the reliance on media representations, which often lack direct engagement with primary sources, the media plays a critical role in maintaining a critical perspective during crises. The study underscores the importance of responsible journalistic practices and effective communication strategies by public health authorities to ensure accurate public understanding and adherence to health guidelines.
Population viability analysis for the common mudpuppy: Assessing potential impacts of TFM lampricide bycatch
Authors: Wagner R. B. , Peterman W. E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBycatch is one of the leading threats facing aquatic organisms, worldwide. Pesticide bycatch can occur when nontarget species are incidentally killed during chemical application targeting noxious species. The common mudpuppy (Necturus maculosus) is a river‐dwelling salamander that is susceptible to bycatch from 3‐trifluoromethyl‐4‐nitrophenol (TFM) applications. However, the long‐term consequences of TFM bycatch on mudpuppy populations are not well understood. We used population viability analysis to reveal potential impacts of TFM application on a mudpuppy population in Ohio's Grand River under plausible bycatch scenarios. We found that the population was more sensitive to increased juvenile mortality and rapid declines occurred when both adults and juveniles were impacted at high bycatch rates (≥5% of the population) or more frequent TFM intervals (≥5 years). Our results suggest that continued use of TFM could pose a risk to mudpuppy population persistence if bycatch occurs at moderate to high levels and affects both juveniles and adults. Future TFM use and management decisions should be directed with these potential nontarget impacts in mind.
The New Fishing Technique With Lighted Gillnets in Lake Kivu: Panacea or Pandora's Box?
Authors: Masilya Mulungula Pascal , Lubala Amani Joseph , Hounsounou Hilda Belinda , Riziki Jacques Walumona , Kisekelwa Tchalondawa 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTA new fishing technique has been introduced in Lake Kivu, across the Congo side. It consists of gillnets on which light‐emitting diode (LED) lamps are attached. Traditional fishermen have introduced the fishing technique without any studies related to the positive and drawback effects of this fishing technique. We sought to understand whether the gillnets with LED lamps fishing technique improve fishing catches and can be regarded as sustainable for the Lake Kivu ecosystem, or is it just only a marketing strategy for gillnets and LED lamp sellers. Two complementary approaches have been used in this study. Experimental fishing campaigns were conducted from June 2021 to June 2022 and monitoring of fishing team in the field coupled with surveys of fishermen about the effectiveness use of this new fishing technique. We observed that (i) 88% of fishermen using gillnet in the Bukavu sub‐basin have already adopted the recently introduced fishing technique; (ii) the average catch per unit effort of gillnets with LED lamps is higher than those without LED lamps (3.84 ± 1.95 kg/net vs. 2.69 ± 2.04 kg/net); (iii) these gillnets retrieve larger specimens (79.88 mm vs. 76.69 mm) and generate monthly a higher average profit to fishermen ($916.35) than the fishing technique lacking the LED ($807). However, (iv) the gillnets with LED lamps generates a lot of plastic trash: around 2130 kg of plastic bags/month under fishing conditions in the Bukavu sub‐basin. So, this new fishing technique is a real panacea for its practitioners, but a veritable Pandora's box generating plastic pollutants in Lake Kivu. Instead of banning this new fishing technique, we need to adapt it by using submersible LED lamps.
A homozygous nonsense variant in HENMT1 causes male infertility in humans and mice
Authors: Li Ming , Abbas Tanveer , Wang Yue , Zhi Aoran , Zhou Jianteng , Ma Ao , Murtaza Ghulam , Wu Yufan , Shah Wasim , Zubair Muhammad , Khan Muzammil Ahmad , Iqbal Furhan , Jiang Xiaohua , Zhang Huan , Shi Qinghua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundHENMT1 encodes a small RNA methyltransferase that plays a crucial role in mouse spermatogenesis through the methylation of the 3′ end of PIWI‐interacting RNAs.ObjectivesOur study aims to elucidate the relationship between HENMT1 and male infertility in humans.Materials and methodsA consanguineous family, having a single non‐obstructive azoospermia patient was recruited for pathogenic variants screening. The research includes genetic analysis and experimental validation using mouse models. The patient was diagnosed with non‐obstructive azoospermia. Whole‐exome sequencing and subsequent bioinformatic analyses were performed to screen for candidate pathogenic variants. The pathogenicity of the identified variant was assessed and studied in vivo using a mouse model that mimicked the patient's mutation.ResultsThrough whole‐exome sequencing, we identified a homozygous nonsense variant (c.555G > A, p.Trp185*) in HENMT1 in the patient. The presence of the mutant HENMT1 mRNA was detected in the patient's blood, and the truncated HENMT1 protein was observed in transfected HEK293T cells. The mutant mice modeling this HENMT1 variant displayed an infertile phenotype similar to that of the patient, characterized by spermiogenesis arrest. Further analysis revealed a significant derepression of retrotransposon LINE1 in the testes of the Henmt1 mutant mice, and increased apoptosis of spermatids.Discussion and conclusionOur findings provide the evidence of pathogenicity of the identified HENMT1 variant, thus shedding light on the indispensable role of HENMT1 in human spermatogenesis.
Weathering the storm: Long‐term implications on the feeding ecology and habitat use of a frugivorous lemur following a tropical cyclone
Authors: Paige Leslie A. , Santini Luca , Rasamisoa Delaid C. , Andriamahaihavana Antonin , Ganzhorn Jörg U. , Gibson Dean , Owen Megan A. , Razafindramanana Josia , Vasey Natalie , Donati Giuseppe , Eppley Timothy M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTropical cyclones are stochastic—sometimes catastrophic—weather events that can shape the ecology of impacted regions and have long‐lasting effects on ecosystems. These destructive events are concerning for species persistence in areas with high endemism. Madagascar is among the world's most biodiverse hotspots and given the island's location within the southwest Indian Ocean, it is frequently impacted by cyclones. In March 2018, Cyclone Eliakim made landfall in northeast Madagascar, passing the species range of the predominantly frugivorous red ruffed lemur (Varecia rubra), allowing us to document their response. In addition to characterizing the forest damage, we conducted behavioral and feeding ecology data collection over 57 months from March 2018 to November 2022. We evaluated temporal adjustments in lemur behavioral and dietary strategies over a nearly five‐year period, during which there were no recorded tropical storms or cyclones over the Masoala Peninsula despite landfall elsewhere. Cyclone destruction was concentrated on large trees, which subsequently reduced fruit availability. Our results showed lemurs consumed a greater proportion of leaves and utilized more canopy strata following the cyclone, representing an immediate ecological response. Red ruffed lemurs' broad dietary and microhabitat diversity gradually returned to their more typical ecological niche as their habitat recovered. Our research highlights the ecological flexibility of a dietary specialist in response to a destructive cyclone, a behavioral adjustment that is likely to have evolved under Madagascar's highly variable weather and aids this species' persistence following stochastic weather events.Abstract in Malagasy is available with online material.
BBOX1‐AS1 promotes gastric cardia adenocarcinoma progression via interaction with CtBP2 to facilitate the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process
Authors: Zou Wenxu , Yin Qing , Guo Wei , Dong Zhiming , Guo Yanli 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIt is recognized that lncRNA BBOX1‐AS1 exerts a crucial oncogenic property in several cancer types. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of BBOX1‐AS1 in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) have remained unclarified. The findings of this study demonstrated that GCA tissues had elevated BBOX1‐AS1 expression levels, which was associated with a worse prognosis in GCA patients. BBOX1‐AS1 dramatically enhanced cell proliferation, invasion, and TGF‐β1‐induced the EMT process in vitro. Further mechanism analysis revealed that BBOX1‐AS1 could combine with CtBP2 and strengthen the interaction of CtBP2 and ZEB1. BBOX1‐AS1 might regulate the E‐cadherin expression through CtBP2/ZEB1 transcriptional complex‐mediated transcriptional repression, further affecting the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and the EMT process. Overall, our findings demonstrate that BBOX1‐AS1 might act as an lncRNA associated with EMT for facilitating GCA advancement via interaction with CtBP2 to facilitate the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and the EMT process, which indicated that it might function as an exploitable treatment target for GCA patients.
Dehydroepiandrosterone‐α‐2‐Deoxyglucoside Exhibits Enhanced Anticancer Effects in MCF‐7 Breast Cancer Cells and Inhibits Glucose‐6‐Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity
Authors: Liu Hsu‐Feng , Chou Shen‐Chieh , Huang Sheng‐Cih , Huang Tzu‐Yu , Hsiao Po‐Yun , Chou Feng‐Pai , Wu Tung‐Kung 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn the pentose phosphate pathway, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) uncompetitively inhibits glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), reducing NADPH production and increasing oxidative stress, which can influence the onset and/or progression of several diseases, including cancer. 2‐Deoxy‐D‐glucose (2‐DG), a glucose mimetic, competes with glucose for cellular uptake, inhibiting glycolysis and competing with glucose‐6‐phosphate (G‐6‐P) for G6PD activity. In this study, we report that DHEA‐α‐2‐DG (5), an α‐covalent conjugate of DHEA and 2‐DG, exhibits better anticancer activity than DHEA, 2‐DG, DHEA +2‐DG, and polydatin in MCF‐7 cells, and reduces NADPH/NADP+ ratio in cellular assays. In vitro enzyme kinetics and molecular docking studies showed that 5 uncompetitively inhibits human G6PD activity and binds to the structural NADP+ site but not to the catalytic NADP+ site. Further combining 5 with the FDA‐approved drug tamoxifen enhanced its cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 cells, suggesting that it could serve as a candidate for combination of drug strategies.
One‐Step Organic Synthesis of 18β‐Glycyrrhetinic Acid‐Anthraquinone Ester Products: Exploration of Antibacterial Activity and Structure–Activity Relationship, Toxicity Evaluation in Zebrafish
Authors: Yang Zhaoyi , Li Xueyan , Liu Wei , Wang Guangyue , Ma Jiahui , Jiang Lulu , Yu Denghui , Ding Yuling , Li Yong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTTo combine the activity characteristics of 18β‐glycyrrhetinic acid (18β‐GA) and anthraquinone compounds (rhein and emodin), reduce toxicity, and explore the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of anthraquinones, 18β‐GA‐anthraquinone ester compounds were synthesized by one‐step organic synthesis. The products were separated and purified by HPLC and characterized by NMR and EI‐MS. It was finally determined as di‐18β‐GA‐3‐rhein ester (1, New), GA dimer (2, known), 18β‐GA‐3‐emodin ester (3, known), and di‐18β‐GA‐1‐emodin ester (4, new). The MIC of three reactants and four products against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were detected in vitro. Its developmental toxicity and cardiotoxicity were assessed using zebrafish embryos. The experimental results showed that rhein had the best antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC50 of 2.4 mM, and it was speculated that –COOH, –OH, and intramolecular hydrogen bonds in anthraquinone compounds would enhance the antibacterial effect, while the presence of‐CH3 might weaken the antibacterial activity. Product 1 increased the hatching rate and survival rate of zebrafish embryos and reduced the malformation rate and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. This experiment lays the foundation for further studying the SAR of anthraquinones and providing new drug candidates.
Ability of new protected areas to counteract losses from downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement
Authors: Yan Yanyun , Tan Song Ling , Webb Edward L. , Watson James E. M. , Carrasco L. Roman 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProtected area downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD) is a common occurrence. Although PADDD is expected to weaken biodiversity protection, PADDD offsets and new unrelated protected areas (PAs) could help restore representation of biodiversity features to the reserve network affected by PADDD. Globally, we analyzed 16 territories with terrestrial PADDD and 4 territories with marine PADDD from 2011 to 2020. Our objective was to evaluate whether PADDD offsets and new PAs could restore the PAs, key biodiversity areas (KBAs), ecoregions, and threatened amphibian, mammal, bird, and reptile species ranges where PADDD had occurred. In our studied territories, offsets of PADDD were rare (enacted in 3 [19%] terrestrial territories and one [25%] marine territory). One territory had PADDD losses that were compensated fully by PADDD offsets in terms of area coverage and ecoregions represented. All other territories failed to achieve compensation goals. In territories affected by PADDD, PADDD offsets and new PAs partially restored area representation (63%) and KBA coverage (57%). However, only 38% of ecoregion representation and 20%, 33%, 31%, and 21% of threatened amphibian, mammal, bird, and reptile representation, respectively, were restored. Overall, we found a large shortfall in PADDD offsets, even when unrelated PAs were included in the calculus. There is an urgent need to expand PADDD offsets and PAs to advance biodiversity conservation and achieve the Global Biodiversity Framework's 30×30 target. Future planning of newly enacted conservation areas needs to prioritize biodiversity conservation and consider the purpose of restoring reserve networks affected by PADDD, rather than solely focusing on areal targets.
Impact of State‐Owned Equity Participation on the Risk‐Taking Capacity of Private Enterprises in China: Insights From a Quasinatural Experiment
Authors: Jin Xin , Yu Junli , Yuan Gordon , Zang Rong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTResearch Question/IssueThis study rigorously explores the impact of state‐owned equity participation on the risk‐taking capacity of private enterprises following the introduction of China's Guiding Opinions on Deepening the Reform of State‐Owned Enterprises, which is considered a quasinatural experiment.Research Findings/InsightsState‐owned equity involvement significantly enhances private firms' risk‐taking capacity by improving resource access and reducing the constraints caused by limited resources and emerging legal systems. By analyzing A‐share private listed companies from 2009 to 2019 using a difference‐in‐difference approach, we find that firms with postpolicy state equity participation exhibit greater risk‐taking than those without. Firms that quickly integrate state capital postpolicy demonstrate heightened risk‐taking capabilities. These outcomes are robust even after extensive validation.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsOur findings suggest that state‐owned shareholders play a significant role in augmenting private firms' risk‐taking through enhanced governance and supervisory mechanisms. This effect is mediated by increased innovation investments and the alleviation of financing constraints, emphasizing the nuanced role of state capital in private enterprise dynamics. This study underscores the positive impact of state equity participation, particularly among smaller and less‐marketized firms.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThis study offers a strategic direction for policymakers to reinforce a resilient and dynamic private sector through state capital engagement. Our study contributes to the understanding of the strategic implications of state‐owned enterprise participation in the private sector, offering evidence of its positive effects on risk‐taking capacity, which are vital for policy formulation and corporate governance enhancement.
Chinese heritage language learners' motivation and intention to continue learning Mandarin
Authors: Song Wenting , Turner Jeannine E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study explored Chinese heritage language learners' prior Mandarin experiences and their current Mandarin‐learning experiences to reveal factors that influence their motivation and intention to continue or discontinue their Mandarin coursework. Using a Grounded Theory approach, we conducted demographic surveys and semi‐structured interviews with eight participants taking beginner‐level Mandarin courses. Following open, axial, and selective coding procedures, we developed a model portraying factors that influenced HLLs' decision to continue their enrollment in Mandarin classes. The model revealed that their decisions were fueled by ongoing appraisals via their motivational orientations, course expectations, and emotional experiences that drove their approach or avoidance focus. In particular, Mandarin high dropout rates may result from 1) HLLs' unmet course expectations, 2) lack of specific future‐oriented instrumental values, and 3) unpleasant emotional experiences within the class. The study concluded with four pedagogical implications (e.g., adopting task‐based language teaching) to sustain HLLs' motivation in college HL courses.
Unveiling nurses’ perspectives on decent work: A qualitative exploration
Authors: Xue Bowen , Feng Yaping , Li Xin , Hu Zhiguo , Zhao Yihui , Ma Weilan , Li Sui , Luo Hong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThis study explores nurses’ perspectives on the concept of “decent work” and the factors influencing their viewpoints.DesignThis qualitative study employed a conventional content analysis approach using face‐to‐face interviews.MethodsIn‐depth interviews were conducted with 20 registered nurses at two tertiary hospitals in Hangzhou, China, from October to November 2023.FindingsDecent work for nurses refers to their engagement in a profession within a secure, fair, and friendly practice environment where they could receive respect, support, reasonable compensation, social security, and opportunities for career development, all of which could enable nurses to recognize their intrinsic values and achieve a state of professional and personal fulfillment. Key factors that influence decent work for nurses include the work environment, societal perceptions, and individual characteristics.ConclusionsThe concept of decent work holds paramount importance for nurses, necessitating collaborative efforts at the individual, family, institutional, and societal levels to promote the professional dignity of nurses and enhance the quality of nursing care.Implications for nursing and health policyPolicymakers should establish regional minimum wage standards for nurses, promote flexible scheduling, and support professional development through subsidized training programs. Additionally, national media campaigns and comprehensive mental health support can enhance the public image and resilience of nurses, respectively, improving their decent work perception.