bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability Study of Epirubicin in Nacl 0.9% Injection
Authors: Pujol Montserrat , Muñoz Montserrat , Prat Josefina , Girona Victoria , De Bolós Jordi 
Published: May 2017

Objective To determine the stability of epirubicin in NaCl 0.9% injection under hospital storage conditions. Methods NaCl 0.9% solution was added to epirubicin iyophilized powder to make a final concentration of 1 mg/mL to study the degradation kinetics and 2 mg/mL to study the stability in polypropylene syringes under hospital conditions. Setting Physical chemistry laboratory, Unitat de Fisicoquímica, Universitat de Barcelona. Main outcome Measures Solutions of epirubicin at 2 mg/mL in NaCl 0.9% solutions stored in plastic syringes were studied under hospital conditions at room temperature (25 ± 1 °C) and under refrigeration (4 ± 1 °C) both protected from light and exposed to room light (~50 lumens/m2). All samples were studied in triplicate and epirubicin concentrations were obtained periodically throughout each storage/time condition via a specific stability-indicating HPLC method. To determine the degradation kinetics, solutions of epirubicin in NaCl 0.9% at 1 mg/mL were stored at different temperatures (40, 50, and 60 °C) to obtain the rate degradation constant and the shelf life at room temperature and under refrigeration. Results The degradation of epirubicin in NaCl 0.9% solutions follows first-order kinetics. The shelf life was defined as the time by which the epirubicin concentration had decreased by 10% from the initial concentration. In this study, epirubicin was stable in NaCl 0.9% injection stored in polypropylene containers for all time periods and all conditions. That results in a shelf life of at least 14 and 180 days at 25 and 4 °C, respectively. The maximum decrease in epirubicin concentration observed at 25 °C and 14 days was 4%, and at 4 °C and 180 days was 8%. The predicted shelf life obtained from the Arrhenius equation was 72.9 ± 0.2 and 3070 ± 15 days at 25 and 4 °C, respectively, in both dark and illuminated conditions. Conclusions Solutions of epirubicin in NaCl 0.9% at 2 mg/mL are chemically stable when they are stored in polypropylene syringes under hospital storage conditions. No special precaution is neccessary to protect epirubicin solutions (2 mg/mL) from light.
Management of Drug Interactions in Patients with HIV
Authors: Tseng Alice Lin-In , Foisy Michelle M 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveTo provide a compilation of relevant information on drug interactions to assist healthcare practitioners in managing complex HIV-related pharmacotherapy.Data SourcesInformation was retrieved via a MEDLINE search (January 1966–December 1996) using MeSH headings “human immunodeficiency virus,” “drug interactions,” and names of medications commonly prescribed for the management of HIV infection and related opportunistic infections. Abstracts of international and national conferences, review articles, textbooks, and references of all articles were also searched.Study Selection and Data ExtractionAll literature on pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic interactions was considered for inclusion. Pertinent information, as assessed by the authors, was selected and summarized for discussion.Data SynthesisDrug disposition and/or pharmacologic effect may be affected either by HIV-related physiologic changes or by the presence of concomitant drug therapy. Modifications in drug selection, dosage, dosing regimen, or route of administration may be needed to avoid or manage drug–disease, drug–drug, or drug-food interactions. Management options may depend on the mechanism and the clinical significance of the interaction, the availability of therapeutic alternatives, patient convenience, and cost restrictions. In the absence of specific data, consideration of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics to assist practitioners in predicting the likelihood of possible interactions was included.ResultsA comprehensive table of clinically significant drug interactions is provided. Drug interaction principles and practical management strategies are also discussed.ConclusionsThe potential for drug interactions is extremely common, given the increasing complexity of managing patients infected with HIV. To avoid compromising therapeutic efficacy or increasing drug toxicity, practitioners need to be aware of potential interactions and are encouraged to use a systematic approach when managing patient drug therapy.
The Effect of Different Intensity Modalities of Resistance Training on Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure in Cardiac Patients
Authors: Lamotte Michel , Niset Georges , Van De Borne Philippe 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundResistance training has been introduced in cardiac rehabilitation to give more benefit than traditional training. Haemodynamic evaluation of cardiac patients to resistance training has generally consisted of continuous HR monitoring and discontinuous blood pressure measurements.Design and MethodsBlood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) responses to resistance training were evaluated using continuous monitoring (Finapres) during low (four sets of 17 repetitions at 40% of the one-repetition maximum strength [1-RM]) and high intensity resistance training (four sets of 10 repetitions at 70% of 1-RM) on a leg extension machine in 14 patients who participated in a rehabilitation programme. Work volume was identical in the low- and high-level resistance training.ResultsThe HR and systolic blood pressure (SBP) during low intensity resistance training were always larger than during high intensity (P<0.001). Peak SBP increased from set 1 to set 3 and 4 during both low and high intensity resistance training (P<0.05). Peak HR was larger in set 4 (95 ± 11 bpm) than in set 1 only during low intensity resistance training (91 ± 12 bpm) (P<0.05). One-minute recovery periods did not allow a return to baseline HR and SBP during both low and high intensity modalities.ConclusionsThe SBP and HR responses to resistance training are related to the duration of exercise. Sets with ≥ 10 repetitions of high intensity should be preferred to longer sets with low intensity. Pauses between exercise sets should exceed 1 min. Blood pressure should be measured during the last repetitions of the exercise set. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 12:12-17 © 2005 The European Society of Cardiology
Similar cardiometabolic effects of high- and moderate-intensity training among apparently healthy inactive adults: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Tordecilla-Sanders Alejandra , Téllez-T Luis Andrés , Camelo-Prieto Diana , Hernández-Quiñonez Paula Andrea , Correa-Bautista Jorge Enrique , Garcia-Hermoso Antonio , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Izquierdo Mikel 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease, and exercise training is an important factor in the treatment and prevention of the clinical components of MetS.

Objective
The aim was to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training and steady-state moderate-intensity training on clinical components of MetS in healthy physically inactive adults.

Methods
Twenty adults were randomly allocated to receive either moderate-intensity continuous training [MCT group; 60–80% heart rate reserve (HRR)] or high-intensity interval training (HIT group; 4 × 4 min at 85–95% peak HRR interspersed with 4 min of active rest at 65% peak HRR). We used the revised International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS. A MetS Z-score was calculated for each individual and each component of the MetS.

Results
In intent-to-treat analyses, the changes in MetS Z-score were 1.546 (1.575) in the MCT group and −1.249 (1.629) in the HIT group (between-groups difference, P =  0.001). The average number of cardiometabolic risk factors changed in the MCT group (−0.133, P = 0.040) but not in the HIT group (0.018, P = 0.294), with no difference between groups (P = 0.277).

Conclusion
Among apparently healthy physically inactive adults, HIT and MCT offer similar cardiometabolic protection against single MetS risk factors but differ in their effect on average risk factors per subject.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02738385 registered on March 23, 2016
Spontaneous isolated dissection and atherosclerotic plaques of superior mesenteric artery: the vastly different occurrence site suggests the opposite haemodynamic aetiology
Authors: Min Zhi-gang , Shan Hai-rong , Xu Long , Yan Su , Sheng Xue-xia , Ji Jian , Cao Zhi-hong 
Published: May 2017

Objective:
The development of atherosclerotic plaques and spontaneous isolated dissection (SID) of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was considered to be related to opposite haemodynamics. The purpose of this study was to compare their occurrence sites and the morphology of the SMA to confirm the haemodynamic aetiologies.

Methods:
57 patients with SID and 64 patients with atherosclerotic plaques were compared about patient characteristics, location of SID and plaque, the distance from lesion to the aortic ostia, SMA branching angle and inlet diameter of the SMA.

Results:
The location of SID and plaque was very different (p &lt; 0.001). The anterior wall was the most common entry site of SIDSMA (84.0%) but the least frequent origin site of atherosclerotic plaques (7.8%). The posterior, left and right walls were the frequent origin sites of atherosclerotic plaques (total 92.2%) but not for SIDSMA. Most plaques started from the aortic ostia, and their average distance to the aortic ostia was significantly less than the distance from the entry site to the aortic ostia of SIDSMA (p &lt; 0.001). No significant difference was found between SIDSMA and the plaque groups in the branching angle and inlet diameter of the SMA.

Conclusion:
The vastly different sites of SIDSMA and atherosclerotic plaque indicate their opposite haemodynamic aetiology.

Advances in knowledge:
By comparing the location of the two diseases, we demonstrate their different haemodynamic causes.
Simplex Algorithm for Countable-State Discounted Markov Decision Processes
Authors: Lee Ilbin , Epelman Marina A. , Romeijn H. Edwin , Smith Robert L. 
Published: May 2017

We consider discounted Markov decision processes (MDPs) with countably-infinite state spaces, finite action spaces, and unbounded rewards. Typical examples of such MDPs are inventory management and queueing control problems in which there is no specific limit on the size of inventory or queue. Existing solution methods obtain a sequence of policies that converges to optimality in value but may not improve monotonically, ie., a policy in the sequence may be worse than preceding policies. Our proposed approach considers countably-infinite linear programming (CILP) formulations of the MDPs (a CILP is defined as a linear program (LP) with countably-infinite numbers of variables and constraints). Under standard assumptions for analyzing MDPs with countably-infinite state spaces and unbounded rewards, we extend the major theoretical extreme point and duality results to the resulting CILPs. Under additional mild assumptions, which are satisfied by several applications of interest, we present a simplex-type algorithm that is implementable in the sense that each of its iterations requires only a finite amount of data and computation. We show that the algorithm finds a sequence of policies that improves monotonically and converges to optimality in value. Unlike existing simplex-type algorithms for CILPs, our proposed algorithm solves a class of CILPs in which each constraint may contain an infinite number of variables and each variable may appear in an infinite number of constraints. A numerical illustration for inventory management problems is also presented. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1598 .
Termite (Isoptera) Diversity in a Gallery Forests Relict in the Colombian Eastern Plains
Authors: Pinzon Florian Olga Patricia , Baquero Loren , Beltran Maira 
Published: May 2017

Termites are a key group for the dynamics of gallery forests in the Colombian Orinoco region, but have been little studied. Richness and relative abundance of termites found in protected gallery forest fragments within commercial forest plantations were quantified. Sampling was conducted at three sites surrounding the creeks “Huerta La Grande”, “Caño Claro” and “Caño Los Micos”, along linear transects 50 m long and divided into five 5 × 2 m plots; there were nine transects and 45 plots. Termite sampling involved the examination of fallen branches, pieces of wood in contact with the soil, arboreal termitaria, epigeal nests and soil samples 20 cm deep (four per plot). Thirty morphospecies, mostly xylophages from the families Termitidae (Apicotermitinae, Termitinae, Nasutitermitinae, Syntermitinae) and Rhinotermitidae (Heterotermitinae), were found. No association was found between richness or termite abundance and tree size, soil pH, soil organic carbon content or accumulation depth of leaf litter on the soil. The termite diversity and abundance found in fragments of gallery forest highlights the importance of maintaining this type of vegetation to preserve the ecosystem services derived from the biological activity of termites. Keywords: Heterotermes convexinotatus, Microcerotermes, Conservation, Orinoquia, Species richness
Diabetes insipidus and hypopituitarism in HIV: an unexpected cause
Authors: Tavares Bello Carlos , Sousa Santos Francisco , Sequeira Duarte João , Vasconcelos Carlos 
Published: May 2017

Summary
Central diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare clinical entity characterized by low circulating levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) presenting with polyuria and volume depletion. Pituitary surgery is the most common cause of central DI in adults. Pituitary and hypothalamic disease, particularly invasive neoplasms, rarely cause DI, being idiopathic cases responsible for the majority of non-surgical cases. HIV patients, especially those with poor virulogical control, are prone to the development of CNS neoplasms, particularly lymphomas. These neoplasms usually become manifest with mass effects and seizures. Central DI and hypopituitarism are uncommon initial manifestations of primary CNS lymphomas. The authors describe the case of 29-year-old female, HIV-positive patient whose CNS lymphoma presented with DI.

Learning points:

Central diabetes insipidus has multiple causes and central nervous system lymphomas are not often considered in the differential diagnosis due to their low prevalence.

Accurate biochemical diagnosis should always be followed by etiological investigation.

The HIV population is at risk for many neoplasms, especially CNS lymphomas.

New-onset polyuria in an HIV-positive patient in the absence of focal neurological signs should raise the suspicion for a central nervous system process of neoplastic nature.

This clinical entity usually constitutes a therapeutical challenge, often requiring a multidisciplinary approach for optimal outcome.
Cydalima Perspectalis Walker (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) a New Dangerous Pest Report on Buxus Sempervirens in Cluj Area
Authors: OLTEAN Ion , HULUJAN Ionuţ , VARGA Mircea , TOTOS Ştefania , FLORIAN Teodora 
Published: May 2017

In landscaping, one of the frequently used plants is Buxus sempervirens L. The aesthetic value of these plants are often affected by the pests species that attack the leaves. The main species that attacks the Buxus spp. plants are: Monarthropalpus buxi Geoff., Psylla buxi L. and Cydalima perspectalis Walker. The attack of these species cause the drying of the plants.The Box Tree Moth, Cydalima perspectalis Walker., is a new species, on the European continent, being first recorded în 2006. In Romania, this species was reported in 2010, near Bucharest, from where it has been spread throughout the country. In Cluj has been reported in 2015. For establishing some control strategies, for this, it is necessary to know the bioecology of this species, depending on the specific environmental conditions of each area where the attack is present. In 2016 we have started the investigations to study the biological cycle, in Cluj area. The investigations were conducted in the laboratory and on the campus of UASVM Cluj-Napoca. In the investigated area, the species develops two full generations, and the third generation is partial. The adults of hibernating generation fly in the first decade of June until the first decade of July. Summer generation adults fly from the first decade of August, creating the second generation and the adults who establish the third generation (partial generation) fly in the second half of September. The incubation is between 5-6 days. Larval stage is between 29-38 days, pupal stage last from 10 to 14 days.
Research on the Influence of the Light and Sexing on Growth Performance and Slaughter Results at Young Quails from Mixed Baloteşti Population of Eggs-Meat
Authors: IONITA Lucian , POPESCU-MICLOSANU Elena , NICA George , PANA Cornel Octavian 
Published: May 2017

The purposes of determining the influence of the light and sexing on growth performance and slaughter results atyoung quails from Balotesti population, was organized an experiment on 150 quails, betwen age of 28 and 70 days. The chicks were divided into two groups (control and experimental), and growth and slaughter performance were determined separately by sex. Have studied 2 lighting programs, a program of continous lighting with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (16 L + 8 N, control group) and a program with lighting with asymetric hours intervals with photoperiod duration of 16 hours (10L+2N+6L+6N, experimental group).Males and females from the experimental group were recorded average performance of growth high during the period 28 - 70 days. Live weight at age of 70 days was higher with 7.54 %, average weight gain was higher with 14.86 % and feed conversion rate was lower with 13.51 % at males from experimental group compared to males from the control group. Also, the live weight at the age of 70 days was higher with 18.09 %; average weight gain was higher with 35.12 %, while feed conversion rate was reduced with 30.08 % on females from the experimental group compared to females from the control group.The results of the slaughter at 70 days were superior in the caseof females from the both groups versus males. The average weight of the carcase was higher with 17.53 % in case of the females than that of males from the experimental group, and the carcase yield was 65.37 % at the females and 65.56 %Â for males. Also, the average weight of the carcase was higher with 5.08 % in case of females compared to that males from the control group, and the carcase yield was 64.20Â % to females 66.70 % on males.Superior results recorded in the case of females and males from the experimental group recommended the program of lighting with asymmetric hours intervals in the growth of youth quail. Also, the higher slaughter results recorded in the case of females of the two groups recommended them in the meat production through a broiler of quail that combine advantages in the production of both males and females.Â
Allelopathic Potential of Jasminum Officinale on Weed Species
Authors: RODINO Steliana , BUTU Marian , BUTU Alina 
Published: May 2017

Allelopathy is generally defined as any direct or indirect harmful or beneficial effect of one plant on another mediated by the production allelochemicals. The scope of this study was the evaluation of the potential allelopathic effect of Jasminum officinale against some weed species.Â The effects of extracts obtained from root, stem and leaves of J. officinale, were evaluated against ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and Johnsonn grass (Sorghum halepense). The aqueous leachates of jasmine demonstrated promising allelopathic potential by inhibiting seed germination and radicle elongation of all tested species. The more profound research in the field of allelopathy will eventually lead to the development of bioproducts designed for pest or weed control using allelochemicals.
The Influence of Soil Humidity Stress on Eggplant Crop
Authors: SBÎRCIOG Gicuța 
Published: May 2017

In order to meet consumption requirements, according to the crops destination and way of preparing the fruits, the eggplant breeding process aims at obtaining some cultivars properly adapted to the climate and soil conditions from different culture areas. Â In this context, the selection of genotypes which are tolerant to the thermal and hydric stress represents a major objective of the eggplant breeding.
A Fruit Tree as an Identification Element of Ornamental Gardens Shaping in Croatia- Istria Ornamental Gardens Case
Authors: TURALIJA Alka , PERKOVIC Anica , VIZENTANER Jasenka , AVDIC Jasna , JUKIC Vladimir , HORVAT Drazen 
Published: May 2017

A fruit tree has always been a determinant of an ornamental garden shaping in Croatia. From the 13th century onward an organized planting of fruit trees has been recorded. A total of 100 gardens in Istria have been analyzed , 50 of which were examined in the Istria interior, and 50 in the coastal area. Due to the shape and architectural style, 8 different types of gardens were determined and classified, by the location, Â into three climatic-relief areas A, B and C. There were 7 types of ornamental gardens with a Â fruit tree as a primary determinant of the garden, except one without it. Out of the 23 recorded fruit species, cherry, figs, grapes and olives have been mostly common Â in the Istria interior whereas olives, Nespoli, figs and grapes have been known in the Istria coast.
Influence Of Soil Type On Yield And Quality Of Different Apple Cultivars
Authors: ILIE Alina Viorica , PETRISOR Cristina , HOZA Dorel , OLTENESCU Viorel 
Published: May 2017

The objective of this study was to determine influence of different soil type on apple yield and quality. To investigate the variation in fruit quality, apples were harvested at commercial maturity on two different soil type. The investigations was conducted in experimental apple orchards located in Focsani region on two different soil type: luvic brown typical and luvic brown pseudogleizate. Fruits of Jonathan and Golden Delicios cultivars were tested for color, soluble solids content, total acidity, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins content and chlorophyls content with specific analytrical methods. At harvest yield, dry matter, soluble solids content, ascorbic acid and acidity were affected by soil type. In this study, no significant soil effect was found on color, anthocyanins and chlorophyll fruit content. The results obtained in this study suggest that luvic brown pseudogleizate soil leading to increased yields and enhanced fruit quality.