bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An extraction-chromogenic system for vanadium(IV,V) based on 2,3-dihydroxynaphtahlene
Authors: Gavazov Kiril B. , Toncheva Galya K. , Delchev Vassil B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA liquid-liquid extraction-chromogenic system for vanadium(IV, V) containing 2,3-dihydroxynaphtahlene (DN), 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC), water and chloroform was studied in detail. When the vanadium is in the oxidation state of IV, the extracted species are aggregates containing three 1:2:1 (V:DN:TTC) ion-pair units composed of triphenyltetrazolium cations (TT+) and chelate anions {[VIVO(DN)(DNH)]− (I) and/or [VIV(OH)(DN)2]− (II)}. When the initial oxidation state of vanadium is V and the DN concentration is high, vanadium(V) is reduced by DN to a lower oxidation state, V(IV). However, at low DN concentration, vanadium(V) can enter the organic phase as a part of an ion-pair consisting of TT+ and [VVO2(DN)]− (III). The ground-state equilibrium geometries of the anions I, II, and III were optimized by quantum chemical calculations using BLYP/6-31++G⋆. The following characteristics were determined under the optimum conditions for VIV extraction: absorption maximum λmax = 333 nm, molar absorptivity ε333= 2.1x104 dm3 mol−1 cm−1, Sandell’s sensitivity SS = 2.4 ng cm−2, and fraction extracted E = 98%. The conditional extraction constant was calculated by two independent methods. The calibration graph was linear in the range 0.1-3.1 μg cm−3 (R2=0.9994) and the limit of detection was 0.03 μg cm−3.
What corpus-based Cognitive Linguistics can and cannot expect from neurolinguistics
Authors: Blumenthal-Dramé Alice 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper argues that neurolinguistics has the potential to yield insights that can feed back into corpus-based Cognitive Linguistics. It starts by discussing how far the cognitive realism of probabilistic statements derived from corpus data currently goes. Against this background, it argues that the cognitive realism of usage-based models could be further enhanced through deeper engagement with neurolinguistics, but also highlights a number of common misconceptions about what neurolinguistics can and cannot do for linguistic theorizing.
Low-molecular-weight heparin-induced skin necrosis without platelet fall: a case report in pregnancy
Authors: Aydin Emine , Nuhoglu Esra , Orgul Gökçen , Can Sema , Deren Ozgür 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackground:Skin necrosis, following subcutaneously administered low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is a rare but serious complication and has not been documented during pregnancy in the literature to the best of our knowledge. Therefore, we are of the opinion that reporting this case may guide clinicians when presented with such patients.Main observations:A 36-year-old woman with painful skin lesions was admitted to our clinic at 36 gestational weeks’ of her first pregnancy. There was nothing remarkable in her medical history other than using prophylactic regimen of “low-molecular-weight heparin”(enoxaparine)4000 units anti-Xa subcutaneously because of heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation. Potential reasons of the lesions were considered to be immunological reaction between heparin and dermal cells and management considered with these findings.Conclusions:Heparin-induced skin necrosis (HISN) is a condition that should always be borne in mind when there are nonspecific results. Enoxaparine treatment during pregnancy has a rare potential risk of causing necrosis at the injection site and it is reversible with careful intervention.
Third-person singular zero in Norfolk English: An addendum
Authors: Joby Chris 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
An article published in 2014 argued that the third-person singular present tense indicative zero was already present in Norfolk English before the arrival of Dutch- and French-speaking immigrants in Norwich in the middle of the sixteenth century. This position differs from that of Trudgill, who has argued that zero-marking in Norfolk English arose as a result of language contact between the immigrants (or ‘Strangers’) and local English people. One response to the earlier article is that it relies on examples involving the verb have, and that this verb is something of an exception as it is found with zero-marking in other varieties of English. The present article addresses that concern by providing further evidence that zero-marking was already used in Norfolk English for verbs other than have before the arrival of the Strangers in Norwich. It then evaluates whether, although zero-marking was present prior to 1565, Trudgill’s language contact thesis may nevertheless help to explain how zero-marking became a common feature of Norfolk English and indeed of varieties of English elsewhere in East Anglia. In short, this article aims to shed further light on the interesting question of how and when zero-marking developed in Norfolk English.
Q is for WHAT, WHEN, WHERE?: The ‘q’ spellings for OE hw-
Authors: Lass Roger , Laing Margaret 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThere is a wide array of spellings attested in Middle English for initial OEhw- in words such aswhen, where, what, who, which. Those beginning with ‘q’, found mostly in the North (including Scotland) and Northeast Midlands, have long been the subject of scholarly debate. The consensus is that they represented an articulation stronger than [hw], usually assumed to be [xw]. Just a handful of scholars have suggested that the articulation could have been [kw], but there is so far little detailed argument for this position. We propose thatat least a subsetof reflexes of OEhw- words cameat least variablyto be pronounced with initial [kw]. We suggest that this strengthened pronunciation existed alongside [xw], and lenited [hw] and [w], as well as simple [h] with the [w] deleted. We link (as some other scholars have) the history of these spellings with that of northern lenition of original initial [kw] to [xw]/[hw]/[w]. We approach the problem from a strongly variationist perspective, presenting (in accompanying appendices) detailed information on the ‘q’ spellings accessible from LAEME and eLALME. We review all the data, from the earliest attested forms through to modern dialect surveys, including place-name evidence, and we assess previous arguments on the topic.
Daily jottings: Preposition placement in English diaries and travel journals from 1500 to 1900
Authors: Yáñez-Bouza Nuria 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper explores register variation in diaries and travel journals during the early and late Modern English periods (1500–1900), based on the case study of preposition placement, specifically preposition stranding (which I refer to) and preposition pied piping (to which I refer). Findings show that diaries and travel journals in general have a similar frequency of stranded and pied-piped prepositions, but that sharp differences emerge in their diachronic evolution. The trends suggest that the two registers generally follow the same historical drift towards oral styles previously observed in non-specialised registers, albeit at different rates and with only a moderately oral-like pattern in the nineteenth century. Also of note is that the frequency of stranded prepositions in diaries is lower than expected. I will argue that, although norms on ‘proper’ style and eighteenth-century prescriptive norms of ‘correct’ English play an important role, especially in the second half of the eighteenth century, one should also take into account register-specific characteristics such as the topic and purpose of the text, the setting in which it is produced (private/public), the participants involved and the production circumstances of the text. Likewise, idiolectal differences should not be underestimated, since they can on occasions skew results.
A corpus-based, cross-linguistic approach to mental predicates and their complementation: Performativity and descriptivity vis-à-vis boundedness and picturability
Authors: Krawczak Karolina , Fabiszak Małgorzata , Hilpert Martin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis corpus-based study investigates the complementation patterns of mental predicates in a cross-linguistic context. More precisely, it examines five equivalent mental verbs from English, German, and Polish and analyzes whether their complements are cognitively construed in different ways in first-person uses of those verbs as opposed to third-person uses. Two types of complementation are considered: we contrast nominal complements with clausal complements. Based on the results of prior studies into Polish
17β-Estradiol suppresses visceral adipogenesis and activates brown adipose tissue-specific gene expression
Authors: Al-Qahtani Saad Misfer , Bryzgalova Galyna , Valladolid-Acebes Ismael , Korach-André Marion , Dahlman-Wright Karin , Efendić Suad , Berggren Per-Olof , Portwood Neil 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Both functional ovaries and estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Understanding the mechanisms underlying the antidiabetic effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) may permit the development of a molecular targeting strategy for the treatment of metabolic disease. This study examines how the promotion of insulin sensitivity and weight loss by E2 treatment in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice involve several anti-adipogenic processes in the visceral adipose tissue. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed specific reductions in visceral adipose tissue volume in HFD+E2 mice, compared with HFD mice. This loss of adiposity was associated with diminished visceral adipocyte size and reductions in expression of lipogenic genes, adipokines and of the nuclear receptor nr2c2/tr4. Meanwhile, expression levels of adipose triglyceride lipase/pnpla2 and leptin receptor were increased. As mRNA levels of stat3, a transcription factor involved in brown adipose tissue differentiation, were also increased in visceral adipose, the expression of other brown adipose-specific markers was assessed. Both expression and immunohistochemical staining of ucp-1 were increased, and mRNA levels of dio-2, and of adrβ3, a regulator of ucp-1 expression during the thermogenic response, were increased. Furthermore, expression of cpt-1b, a brown adipose-specific gene involved in fatty acid utilization, was also increased. Methylation studies demonstrated that the methylation status of both dio-2 and adrβ3 was significantly reduced. These results show that improved glycemic control and weight loss due to E2 involve anti-adipogenic mechanisms which include suppressed lipogenesis and augmented fatty acid utilization, and in addition, the activation of brown adipose tissue-specific gene expression in association with E2-dependent epigenetic modifications in these genes.
Continuous elasticity: Design and operation of elastic systems
Authors: Copil Georgiana , Moldovan Daniel , Truong Hong-Linh , Dustdar Schahram 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Advancements in the areas of Cloud Computing, Internet of Things (IoT), and hybrid Human-Computer systems have made
feasible the creation of a highly integrated human-machine world. The concept of elasticity plays a crucial role in
fulfilling this vision, enabling systems to address various requirements reflecting performance, security, and business
concerns. However, elastic systems are still in their inception, and numerous challenges need to be addressed in their
development and management.
In this article we present an overview of our experience on elastic systems, with a focus on elastic cloud systems. In the
quest for designing and managing elastic systems, several challenges need to be addressed, such as: (i) enabling the
systems to fulfill different requirements from multiple involved stakeholders, (ii) designing elastic systems considering
various degrees of elasticity capabilities provided by different technologies and environments, (iii) understanding
behavioral relationships in elastic systems, and their effects on stakeholder requirements, (iv) monitoring costs and
analyzing cost efficiency of elastic systems, (v) controlling the elasticity of such systems at runtime in order to
fulfill stakeholders' requirements, and (vi) supporting system elasticity through operations management. We present the
techniques we have adopted in order to tackle the above challenges. We introduce our solution for creating elastic
systems, following their complete lifecycle, from design-time to operations management.
On the cubic and cubic-quintic optical vortices equations
Authors: Greco Carlo 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
An optical vortex can appear when a light beam with nonzero angular momentum propagates in a suitable nonlinear medium.
In some situations has been observed that the light intensity vanish at the center of the vortex (where the phase of the electromagnetic field is undefined), while the light beam assumes a ring-shaped structure.
In this paper we consider two classical cases in which such kind of phenomena occur: the case of the self focusing cubic nonlinearity, and the case of competing quintic and cubic nonlinearity.
In both cases we study the nonlinear Schrödinger equation of the optical field (with various boundary conditions) by means of min-max methods, and we prove the existence of saddle point type solutions, as well as minimum type solutions.
An Experimental and Numerical Study on Orthogonal Machining of Ti–6Al–4V Alloy
Authors: Krishnaraj Vijayan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this work experimental and numerical result of high speed orthogonal machining of Ti-6AL-4V titanium alloy is presented. High speed orthogonal turning is carried in a lathe using uncoated carbide inserts under dry cutting conditions. Experimental study is carried out by focusing on the measurement of cutting force and cutting temperature. The experimentation is supplemented by simulations from 2D finite element model (FEM) using Third Wave AdvantEdge software. The measured cutting forces and temperature are compared with FEA results. The major factors affecting the machinability of titanium alloy such as spindle speed, feed and cutting tool rake angles are investigated. Numerical results agree with the experimental results at higher speeds and feed levels. These results can be used for further study in high speed turning of titanium alloys.
Transient fetal blood redistribution associated with maternal supine position
Authors: Silva Karina P. , Hamamoto Tatiana Emy N.K. , Nomura Roseli M.Y. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjective:To investigate whether fetal blood circulation is influenced by the maternal supine position.Methods:The inclusion criteria were good health, a singleton pregnancy, maternal age between 18 and 40 years, gestational age between 36 and 40 weeks, and an agreement to participate in the study. Each participant (n=20) was initially asked to adopt the left lateral position for 5 min, while fetal Doppler measurements were taken of the fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA), umbilical artery (UA), and umbilical vein (UV). Subsequently, they were asked to change to the supine position for Doppler measurements at 5 and at 10 min.Results:When a woman remained in the supine position for 5 min, there was a significant reduction in fetal MCA-pulsatility index (PI) (median 1.70 vs. 1.42, P=0.003). This reduction did not persist after 10 min (median 1.70 vs. 1.65 P=1.0). There was no significant difference between the left lateral and the supine position at 5 and at 10 min in terms of UA-PI (0.853 vs. 0.870 vs. 0.858, P=0.850), UV flow (217 vs. 242 vs. 236 mL/min, P=0.263), and normalized UV flow (72.2 vs. 80.8 vs. 78.8 mL/min/kg, P=0.271).Conclusions:Changing maternal position from the left lateral to the supine position caused a reduction in resistance in fetal MCA and no changes in UA or UV indices. However, despite the changes in cerebral circulation which occurred at 5 min by shifting position, they did not remain for 10 min. The changes may be related to reduction in maternal oxygen saturation as there was no decrease in UV blood flow.
Grammatical and pragmatic factors in the interpretation of Japanese null and overt pronouns
Authors: Ueno Mieko , Kehler Andrew 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Pronoun interpretation in English has been demonstrated to be sensitive to an interaction between grammatical and pragmatically driven factors. This study investigated the interpretation of pronouns in Japanese, which has both null and overt forms. Thirty-two native speakers of Japanese per experiment participated in passage completion studies with transfer-of-possession contexts (Experiment 1) or implicit causality contexts (Experiment 2), varying prompt type, aspect, and topic/nominative-marking of the previous subject. Two judges annotated reference and coherence relations in the completed passages. Japanese overt pronouns were revealed to pattern closely with English overt pronouns in their sensitivity to pragmatic factors, whereas null pronouns showed a mixed resilience to pragmatic factors. Topic-marking only showed marginal effects on reference in limited contexts. Despite different degrees of sensitivity to pragmatic factors, Japanese null and overt pronouns were both mostly subject-biased, casting doubt on the existence of a division of labor between the two forms. There was also an intrinsic link between reference and coherence relations throughout the experiments. We discuss the overall results in terms of language specificity and universality, the latter of which includes interactions between grammatical and pragmatic factors and the importance of discourse coherence in the interpretation of various pronouns across languages.
Attraction between words as a function of frequency and representational distance: Words in the bilingual brain
Authors: Versloot Arjen P. , Hoekstra Eric 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Bilingual speakers store cognates from related languages close together in their mental lexicon. In the case of minority languages, words from the dominant language often exert influence on their cognates in the minority language. In this article, we present a model describing that influence or force of attraction as a function of frequency and of (dis)similarity (representational distance). More specifically, it is claimed that the strength of the force of attraction of one word upon another is (among others) a function of their frequencies divided by their formal dissimilarity. The model is applied to the distribution of nouns derived from adjectives in Frisian, where the suffix -ens competes with -heid. Of these two suffixes, Frisian -heid is similar to Dutch -heid, whereas Frisian -ens does not have a similar counterpart in Dutch. The model predicts that Frisian derived nouns of which the adjectival bases are similar in form and meaning to Dutch will occur more often with -heid and less often with -ens. It also predicts that this effect will be stronger as the words involved are more frequent. Our findings make it possible to verify the model’s quantification of the influence of Dutch words on their cognates.
Extraction from gerunds and the internal syntax of verbs
Authors: Fábregas Antonio , Jiménez-Fernández Ángel L. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper provides an analysis of transparent gerunds in Spanish, as in¿Qué llegó [silbandoqué] Juan?‘What arrived [whistlingwhat] Juan?’, using a decomposition of Aktionsart in a series of syntactic heads. A traditional analysis of these secondary predicates as adjuncts would undermine well-established syntactic principles restricting movement and extraction. We argue that these transparent gerunds should be analyzed as syntactic constituents merged as part of the syntactic projections associated with Aktionsart. More precisely, they qualify as RhemePs – assuming Ramchand’s First Phase Syntax system – thus allowing their arguments to be extracted. Well-attested differences between Spanish and English gerunds will be explained in our analysis by proposing that the Spanish gerund projects as PathP (given it carries a path preposition), whereas English gerunds are simply RhemeP (lacking any sort of preposition).
Adonai is My Shepherd: Theology, Values,
and Sexism in Bible Translation
Authors: Reiner Fred N. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Our translation of biblical passages, and our selection of translations, has an effect on their
liturgical use and the values we teach. By choosing a gender-neutral translation we may make a statement
of gender inclusion, but at the same time some worshipers may find the change from a familiar translation
jarring. Should we sacrifice the value of inclusion for the comfort of a familiar text? Psalm 23 is a case in
point. The strong masculine imagery of the psalm, and its well-known translation, put off those who seek
gender-neutral language for prayer and sacred texts. But do the King James and RSV translations, or a
modernized version, have inherent sacredness, as well as comfort through their familiarity? This paper
explores the nuances of some of the issues involved in a gender-neutral translation of Psalm 23 (and other
texts) within the liturgical context of the synagogue.
Reframing Magna Carta – Comprehensive Planning and Pragmatic Outcomes
Authors: Garside Paul , Rogerson Cordelia , Moorhead Gavin , Matsuoka Kumiko , Duffy Christina 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In preparation for the British Library’s exhibition to mark 800 years of Magna Carta, the Library’s copies of the charter, and three related documents, were reframed. There were several requirements: minimal intervention; allow re-treatability; fully show rectos and text; present the charters as documents rather than artworks. Comprehensive risk assessments and work plans determined appropriate working methods, display angles, mounting techniques and materials, taking into account the particular features of each charter, including seals, ribbons and seal bags. Frames from commercial manufacturers were considered, and a selection made on several criteria: security, accessibility, environment, aesthetics and versatility. This project has demonstrated how a sophisticated and comprehensive initial assessment allowed a relatively simple but demonstrably appropriate solution to be implemented, using well established and understood materials and methods. This provided secure and sympathetic frames for the six documents, catering for the specific requirements of each item, and also allowed versatility should requirements change in future. We worked closely with other stakeholders, and were able to argue for the best outcomes for the objects themselves, demonstrating that high profile objects do not necessarily require expensive, “high-tech” solutions. Thorough planning and preparation ensured the reframing was completed within time and under budget.