bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic characterization of peste des petitis ruminants virus (PPRV) from Sulaimani/ Iraq by phylogenetic analysis and sequencing of nucleoprotein and fusion protein gene
Authors: Babashekh Muhamad , Rashid Peshnyar , Marouf Ari , Raheem Zhino , Amin Kamaran 
Published: July 2017

An outbreak of peste des petitis ruminants (PPR) in sheep was studied in Sulaimani/
Iraqi Kurdistan Region. The study provided the first molecular characterization of the PPRV
lineage associated with fatal PPR infections in small ruminats. RT-PCR was used for diagnosis
of PPRV outbreaks during 2012-2013 and the phylogenetic analysis results based on F and N
genes. It was observed that three tested samples were positive for PPR, from which the two F
genes (ppr/Kurdistan/2012, ppr2/Kurdistan/2012) were genetically close to the (KF478924 &
JF274480) strain (turkey and Egypt) of lineage IV, respectively with 99% nucleotide sequence
homogeneity. Regarding N gene, it was noticed that one sample (ppr3/Kurdistan/2013) where
genetically close to (FJ795511, DQ840197 & DQ840190) strain (Emirate, Saudi Arabia & Israel)
%99, %98 and %97 respectively. The current study suggested that there are at least two
sources of PPRV in Iraq.
Approximate Solution of Initial Value Problems by Means of Ninth Degree Spline
Authors: HamaSalh Faraidun 
Published: July 2017

In this paper, a nonlinear initial value problem is solved numerically by means of ninth
degree spline function. The solution of initial value problems approximated as a linear
interpolation of ninth spline functions. In this method, the basis spline functions are redefined into
a new approximation set of ninth degree spline functions which interpolate the number of select
derivatives. To test the efficiency of the method, two numerical examples of initial value problems
are solved by the proposed method.
The experience of weight loss and its associated burden in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer: results of an online survey
Authors: Rodriguez Ana Maria , Braverman Julia , Aggarwal Dimple , Friend John , Duus Elizabeth 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe main objectives of this study were to characterize and compare the burden of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients reporting considerable unintentional weight loss (≥ 5% in the past 6 months or ≥ 2% for a BMI < 20 kg/m2) to those who did not.MethodsNinety‐five advanced NSCLC patients were surveyed from the online patient‐powered community PatientsLikeMe, which included health‐related quality of life (QLQ‐C15‐PAL), anorexia‐cachexia symptoms/concerns (FAACT A/CS domain), distress levels, clinical/demographic characteristics, and impact of weight loss (open‐ended questions).ResultsThirty‐five patients (37%) had considerable weight loss at the time of the survey and 60 (63%) did not. Mean age was 59 years, and most were female (81%) and American (81%). Patients with weight loss reported significantly (p < 0.05) lower overall quality of life (55.2 vs. 66.9), worsened anorexia‐cachexia symptoms/concerns (30.7 vs. 36.0), and higher symptomology, specifically fatigue (64.8 vs. 49.1), nausea (19.5 vs. 9.2), and appetite loss (41.0 vs. 23.9) – than patients without weight loss. In addition, significantly more patients who lost weight reported moderate/high distress levels than patients who did not (71% vs. 38%). For patients with weight loss, changes in food taste, fatigue, and decrease in appetite were the most frequently reported symptoms with the greatest impact on their lives, and main worries included loss of energy and disease progression.ConclusionsWeight loss represents a substantial problem for NSCLC patients and symptoms associated with weight loss significantly impact patient lives. Interventions targeted at maintaining/increasing body weight may help to alleviate these findings.
Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath—Use of fine-needle aspiration cytology for diagnosis
Authors: Meena Neha , Arora Pooja 
Published: July 2017

<p class="Body"><span lang="EN-US">Giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) is a slow-growing, usually painless benign lesion of soft tissues<span style="font-size: 8.33333px;">.</span> We report the case of a 38-year-old male with a painless, slowly enlarging swelling on right thumb in order to highlight the role of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosing GCTTS.</span></p>
The effect of training individuals with mild intellectual disability in scaffolding strategies and computer software on their generalization skills
Authors: ELDaou Badrie 
Published: July 2017

Objective: The study aimed at investigating the effect of scaffolding strategies as thinking out loud and verbalization of instructions strategies on the generalization skills of language-related concepts in mildly intellectual disabled students. Method: Twenty-seven subjects in three treatments were trained in solving a pattern of the Thurston letter series task. Group1 students received language concepts through training in verbal instructions and thinking out loud strategy. Group 2 students received language concepts training through computers. Group 3 students received training in language concepts through thinking out loud, verbal instructions and computer software. Pre-training measures to subjectsâ€™ chronological age, Verbal Analogies Test and training trials were collected. Training measures pertaining to acquisition, maintenance and generalization of pattern completion tasks were collected. Mean scores and standard deviations were obtained for each dependent measure.
Results: The treatment effect was studied by a series of one way ANOVAS and a tukey post hoc test, which revealed that there was a significant difference between group1 and group 2, since the difference between the means (m1- m3) = -2.556 and p= 0.000. Also, the difference is shown between group 2 and group 3 since the difference between the means (m2- m3) = -2.333 and p= 0.000 and in both cases p is less than 0.05. Moreover, group 3 had a higher mean (M= 3.89) than group2 (M= 1.56) and group1 (M= 1.33).Conclusion: Group 3 had the ability to become self â€“regulated by solving the untrained letter patterns. Thus, we can conclude that training in scaffolding strategies, such as thinking out loud and verbalization of instruction strategies, helped individuals with an intellectual disability to acquire metacognitive strategies. This enabled them to generalize the learning experience and become self-regulated and better problem solvers. Also, using a computer program promoted the use of metacognitive strategies. Once students internalize target strategies, they can transfer these to second language patterns; therefore, it enhances the generalization of learning individuals with an intellectual disability. Recommendations for further research were discussed.
Keywords: Metacognitive strategies, intellectual disability, language related- concepts, thinking out loud; computer training, verbal instructions, scaffolding strategy.
Abatement of organic pollutants using fly ash based adsorbents
Authors: Adegoke Kayode Adesina , Oyewole Rhoda Oyeladun , Lasisi Bukola Morenike , Bello Olugbenga Solomon 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The presence of organic pollutants in the environment is of major concern because of their toxicity, bio-accumulating tendency, threat to human life and the environment. It is a well-known fact that, these pollutants can damage nerves, liver, and bones and could also block functional groups of essential enzymes. Conventional methods for removing dissolved pollutants include chemical precipitation, chemical oxidation or reduction, filtration, ion-exchange, electrochemical treatment, application of membrane technology, evaporation recovery and biological treatment. Although all the pollutant treatment techniques can be employed, they have their inherent advantages and limitations. Among all these methods, adsorption process is considered better than other methods because of convenience, easy operation and simplicity of design. A fundamentally important characteristic of good adsorbents is their high porosity and consequent larger surface area with more specific adsorption sites. This paper presents a review of adsorption of different pollutants using activated carbon prepared from fly ash sources and the attendant environmental implications. Also, the ways of overcoming barriers to fly ash utilization together with regeneration studies are also discussed.
Extracellular polymeric substance production in high rate algal oxidation ponds
Authors: Jimoh Taobat A. , Cowan A. Keith 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Integrated algal pond systems (IAPSs) combine anaerobic and aerobic bioprocesses to affect sewage treatment. The present work describes the isolation and partial characterisation of soluble extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) associated with microalgal bacterial flocs (MaB-flocs) generated in high rate algal oxidation ponds (HRAOPs) of an IAPS treating domestic sewage. Productivity and change in MaB-flocs concentration, measured as mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) between morning (MLSSAM) and evening (MLSSPM) were monitored and the substructure of the MaB-flocs matrix examined by biochemical analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Results show that MaB-flocs from HRAOPs are assemblages of microorganisms produced as discrete aggregates as a result of microbial EPS production. Formation and accumulation of the EPS was stimulated by light. Analysis by FT-IR revealed characteristic carbohydrate enrichment of these polymeric substances. In contrast, FT-IR spectra of EPSs from dark-incubated MaB-flocs confirmed that these polymers contained increased aliphatic and aromatic functionalities relative to carbohydrates. These differences, it was concluded, were due to dark-induced transition from phototrophic to heterotrophic metabolism. The results negate microalgal cell death as a contributor to elevated chemical oxygen demand of IAPS treated water.
EKSPERIMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINKING ALOUD PAIRS PROBLEM SOLVING (TAPPS) DAN TWO STAY TWO STRAY (TSTS) DITINJAU DARI GAYA KOGNITIF SISWA
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Tyas 
Published: July 2017

This study aims to determine: (1) Which has the mathematics learning achievement better, a model of cooperative Thinking Aloud Pairs Problem Solving (Tapps), cooperative Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) or direct instruction, (2) Which has the achievement better mathematics learning, students who have the cognitive style field independent (FI) or students who have the cognitive style field dependent (FD), (3) in each cognitive style, which one has the mathematics learning achievement better, a model of cooperative Thinking Aloud Pairs Problem Solving (Tapps), cooperative Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) or direct learning, (4) on each of the learning model, which one has the achievement of better mathematics learning, students who have the cognitive style field independent (FI) or students who have the cognitive style of field dependent (FD.
This study is a quasi-experimental research. The populations in this study were all students of class VII SMP N 5 Metro 2015/2016 school year. The sampling technique was conducted by stratified cluster random sampling. The balance test performed using one way analysis of variance with different cells before carrying out a study of three groups of population. The data analysis technique used to test the hypothesis is two-way ANOVA with different cell with a 3x2 factorial design. Lilliefors prerequisite test method to test for normality and Bartlett methods for homogeneity.
From the analysis concluded: (1) cooperative learning model Thinking Aloud Pairs Problem Solving (Tapps) generates mathematics learning achievement better than cooperative learning model Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS), cooperative learning model Thinking Aloud Pairs Problem Solving (Tapps ) generates mathematics learning achievement better than learning direct, cooperative learning model Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) generates mathematics learning achievement better than learning Direct, (2) students with cognitive style Field Independent (FI) had mathematics learning achievement better than students with cognitive style Field Dependent (FD), (3) the individual cognitive style, cooperative learning model Thinking Aloud Pairs Problem Solving (Tapps) generates mathematics learning achievement better than cooperative learning model Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS ), cooperative learning model Thinking Aloud Pairs Problem Solving (Tapps) generates mathematics learning achievement better than learning direct, cooperative learning model Two Stay Two Stray (TSTS) generates mathematics learning achievement better than learning Direct (4) on each model of learning, mathematics achievement of students with cognitive style Field Independent (FI) have better mathematics learning achievement than students with cognitive style Field Dependent (FD).
Keywords: Tapps, TSTS, Direct learning, Learning Achievement, Cognitive Style.
Intraspecific life history variation in contrasting habitats: Insights from an obligate symbiotic organism
Authors: Merinero Sonia , Aragón Gregorio , Martínez Isabel 
Published: July 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Life history theory predicts that plants in unfavorable habitats for juvenile growth and survival will commence reproduction at smaller sizes and exhibit higher reproductive allocations than those in favorable habitats. The scope of life history theory will increase if these predictions apply to a broad range of organisms. Populations of organisms in contrasting habitats may experience different demographic rates. Thus, we compared the demography and life history traits of a lichen species in contrasting habitats.METHODS:We compared the abundance, growth, mortality, and reproductive strategy (threshold size for reproduction and reproductive allometry) of epiphytic and saxicolous populations of the asexually reproducing lichenLobarina scrobiculatain two oak forests in central Spain.KEY RESULTS:The growth rates of saxicolous individuals were two times faster than those of epiphytic individuals. Epiphytic specimens exhibited a smaller threshold size for reproduction and a higher reproductive allocation than their saxicolous counterparts. The populations hosted by trees were two times larger than those on rocks (13,788 vs. 6629 individuals, respectively). The mortality rate did not vary between habitats.CONCLUSIONS:Our results demonstrate that contrasting habitats selected for differences in the demography and life history traits of a lichen species. Consistent with life history theory predictions, in the habitat with slower growth,L. scrobiculatastarted to reproduce at a smaller size and its reproductive allocation was higher. This study extends the scope of life history theory and improves our understanding of life history patterns and variations in overlooked taxa such as lichens.
Plastome sequences of an ancient fern lineage reveal remarkable changes in gene content and architecture
Authors: Labiak Paulo H. , Karol Kenneth G. 
Published: July 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Comparative analyses of plastid genomes have suggested that gene order and content are relatively stable across the main groups of land plants, with significant changes rarely reported. We examine plastome organization and RNA editing in ferns and report changes that add valuable information on plastome evolution in land plants.METHODS:Using next‐generation sequencing methods, we fully sequenced plastomes from three species of Schizaeaceae, and compared their plastomes with other groups of land plants to study changes in gene composition, plastome architecture, and putative RNA editing sites. We also performed maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogenetic analyses using 46 plastid‐encoded genes, including 26 ferns, two gymnosperms, and five angiosperms.KEY RESULTS:Within Schizaeaceae, plastomes were similar to each other in gene content and architecture. Striking changes compared with other ferns include the complete loss of ndh genes and reduction of the small single copy. Putative RNA editing was identified in all three plastomes, a characteristic that is shared with other fern groups. The monophyly of Schizaeales and Schizaeaceae was confirmed.CONCLUSIONS:The plastomes of Schizaea are the smallest reported for a fern so far. The loss of the ndh gene suite is associated with the reduction of the small single copy, instead of the inverted repeat as noted for other groups of plants. Putative C‐to‐U and U‐to‐C transitions were observed in several instances in the three plastomes, suggesting that posttranscriptional modification of RNA is likely a common phenomenon in this clade as well.
Barthes et l’affaire des « Nouveaux philosophes »
Authors: Coste Claude 
Published: July 2017

Barthes a-t-il apporté son soutien aux Nouveaux philosophes et à Bernard-Henri Lévy en particulier, malgré l’opposition de Deleuze et d’une partie de la classe intellectuelle ? Cette affaire permet à Barthes, dans les années 1970, de revenir sur sa relation au marxisme, au léninisme et à l’idée de révolution. En réagissant face à un événement aussi insaisissable que la révolution iranienne de 1979, il défend une forme exigeante de démocratie qui équilibre individualisme et sociabilité.
« L’histoire ne pourra jamais marcher contre l’histoire ». Roland Barthes et l’antistalinisme, 1946-1953
Authors: Stafford Andy 
Published: July 2017

Depuis son rejet du « réalisme socialiste » dans Le Degré zéro de l’écriture jusqu’à ses critiques de la science dans les pays soviétiques, la pensée politique de Barthes de l’après-guerre témoigne de l’influence constante de son ami trotskiste Georges Fournié qui l’initia au marxisme en 1946, un an avant son séjour à Bucarest. Mesurer cette influence permet de réévaluer son rapport au stalinisme. Infléchi par son association avec Maurice Nadeau, son marxisme trotskisant, démarqué de la pensée de Jean-Paul Sartre, reflète la faiblesse de « l’Opposition de gauche » durant la Guerre Froide.
Le fascisme de la langue
Authors: Noghrehchi Hessam 
Published: July 2017

De nombreuses critiques ont été adressées à la phrase par laquelle dans sa leçon inaugurale au Collège de France Barthes accuse la langue du « fascisme ». Cet article propose deux lectures parallèles de cette phrase : dans le contexte des réponses de Barthes à Pasolini à propos du fascisme et aussi en considérant généralement l’idée de résistance et d’engagement selon Barthes. Les deux perspectives de lecture se croisent et permettent de voir dans cette phrase une dernière mise au point de l’idée de la « responsabilité de la forme » qui traverse toute son œuvre comme une préoccupation primordiale.
Présences de Barthes en Hongrie
Authors: Angyalosi Gergely 
Published: July 2017

Cet article décrit différentes formes de la « présence » de Barthes en Hongrie, depuis son bref séjour comme « lecteur d’été » en 1937 jusqu’à la publication en hongrois de ses œuvres à partir des années 1970. La réception de Barthes est grandement éclairée par la connaissance des débats autour du structuralisme qui ont eu lieu en Hongrie entre 1968 et la période de la répression du Nouveau mécanisme économique. Aujourd’hui, sa présence intellectuelle y est bien attestée pour les spécialistes de sciences humaines autant que pour un public plus large.
Roland Barthes et l’« image d’auteur » : écrits posthumes et hommages amicaux
Authors: Amossy Ruth 
Published: July 2017

Après avoir proclamé la mort de l’auteur, Barthes insistait sur le besoin qu’éprouve le lecteur de sa « figure ». Pour saisir les effets de ce paradoxe, cet article explore les images de soi que projettent, d’une part, Les Carnets du voyage en Chine et le Journal de deuil , et d’autre part les hommages des proches qui entendent dévoiler l’homme réel. Il s’agit de tenter de saisir les modalités selon lesquelles se tisse une image de soi « spontanée » ou apprêtée par les intimes, autant de constructions verbales qui contribuent à la mythification d’une image d’intellectuel des années.
Les légendes de Barthes
Authors: Messager Mathieu 
Published: July 2017

Dans son ultime séminaire au Collège de France consacré aux photographies du « monde proustien », Barthes fait le vœu d’engager une parole de l’à-côté, presque buissonnière, qui ne ferait que légender les images aimées sans les grever du poids de la théorie. Cet article retraverse les légendes photographiques de l’œuvre de Barthes, depuis le Michelet jusqu’à La Chambre claire . Il tâche de rendre compte d’une forme gratuite de l’écriture du critique, jamais considérée comme telle en raison même de sa position décrochée. Or, c’est précisément en raison de cette tenue périphérique, inscrite dans la marge d’une pratique d’amateur et comme li bérée, qu’on peut y lire la trace certaine d’un investissement poétique.
Écriture du portrait de libertin et individuation du personnage dans le roman sadien
Authors: Hersant Marc 
Published: July 2017

La critique a souvent envisagé le libertin sadien de manière monolithique. Or, dès la galerie de portraits du prologue des 120 Journées de Sodome , de manière plus manifeste encore dans Juliette , et jusque dans les romans de Charenton, un effort apparaît pour singulariser les différents personnages de libertins dans les portraits, avec en particulier un jeu de comparaison et d’opposition entre eux qui apparaît comme une constante de l’écriture sadienne. Ce « jeu » de singularisation est limité, car Sade ne se soucie guère de réalisme psychologique et ne cherche pas à fabriquer des caractères. Ces oppositions peuvent même paraître factices et, mis en action, tous ces personnages semblent faire à peu près la même chose – le pire. L’œuvre de Sade, alors même qu’elle se réalise presque entièrement dans les genres romanesques disponibles à son époque, semble dans cette perspective réfractaire à tout « roman ».
Figurer la violence. Portraits d’assassins dans le roman balzacien
Authors: Bentolila-Fanon Lauren 
Published: July 2017

Cet article tend à démontrer que la sémiologie du crime ouvre, chez Balzac, sur une physiologie de l’énergie. La force hyperbolique qui caractérise le criminel informe en effet son corps et se manifeste en une multitude de signes au fondement d’une configuration de l’acte sanglant qui superpose image et violence, plasticité et potentialité, trait et coup. Or cette imagerie de la brutalité galvanisée naît à la croisée du discours médical contemporain et d’un imaginaire propre à l’auteur : entremêlant la théorie des tempéraments et tout un réseau métaphorique de l’éruption et de l’explosion, le portrait du criminel insiste sur la compacité d’un corps bouleversé par des muscles tendus et des nerfs saillants dans lequel s’inscrit une physique de la violence .
Baudelaire, portraitiste et théoricien du portrait
Authors: Schellino Andrea 
Published: July 2017

Dans cet article, j’étudie la théorie du portrait développée par Baudelaire, de son Salon de 1846 à ses derniers écrits, ainsi que la place et le rôle du portrait dans sa poésie. Préoccupé par le succès de la photographie et donc de la représentation mimétique, Baudelaire défend une conception du portrait où la fidélité – physique et morale – au modèle laisse une part décisive à l’imagination. L’interrogation posée à l’art par le portrait, dans une époque où l’image prolifère, est placée par Baudelaire au cœur de sa poésie. Il y sert de relais à l’allégorie. Finalement, avec Mon cœur mis à nu , le poète décline le portrait sous une ultime forme : celle de l’invective.