bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-integrated constraint on neutrino flux of CHIME fast radio burst sources with 10-yr IceCube point-source data
Authors: Luo Jia-Wei , Zhang Bing 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Despite numerous studies, the sources of IceCube cosmic neutrinos are mostly unidentified. Utilizing recently released IceCube neutrino and CHIME fast radio burst (FRB) catalogues, we examine the possibility of an association between neutrinos and CHIME/FRB catalogue 1 FRBs for both the entire FRB population and individual FRBs using the unbinned maximum likelihood method. Our results do not directly support the possibility of the above-mentioned association with three weighting schemes: equal, total radio fluence, and event rate. We then attempt to constrain the diffuse muon neutrino flux upper limit from CHIME/FRB catalogue 1 FRBs. After considering a completeness correction, we find the 95 per cent diffuse muon neutrino flux upper limit at $100 \,\mathrm{T}\mathrm{eV}$ for all FRB sources in the universe to be ${\sim} 1.01 \times 10^{-18} \,\mathrm{G}^{-1}\mathrm{eV}\mathrm{/}\,\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}^{2}\,{\rm s}^{-1}\rm {sr}^{-1}$, or ${\sim} 70.3~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the 10-year diffuse neutrino flux observed by IceCube. Our results match the non-detection results of other studies, but we do not rule out FRBs being a significant contributor to the diffuse neutrino flux measured by IceCube.
Are BAL outflows powered by radiation pressure on dust?
Authors: Ishibashi W , Fabian A C , Hewett P C 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Broad absorption line (BAL) outflows are commonly detected in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), but their driving mechanism remains poorly constrained. Here, we investigate whether radiation pressure on dust can adequately explain the BAL phenomenon observed in quasars. In the framework of our AGN radiative dusty feedback scenario, we show that dust-driven outflows can reach BAL wind-like velocities ($v \sim 10^4$ km s$^{-1}$) on galactic scales ($r \lesssim 1$ kpc). This is consistent with recent observations indicating that BAL acceleration typically occurs on scales of $\sim 10$ pc, and that the majority of BAL outflows are located at galactocentric radii greater than $\sim 100$ pc. We derive the outflow radial velocity profile and compute the associated outflow momentum rate and kinetic power, which are found to be in agreement with the outflow energetics measured in BAL quasars. Therefore, radiation pressure on dust may account for the observed BAL outflow dynamics and energetics. Furthermore, we consider BAL clouds/clumps (leading to a clumpy BAL flow characterized by a wide range of outflowing velocities), and we analyse how the resulting covering factors affect the shape of the absorption line profiles. We conclude that dust-driven BAL outflows may provide a significant contribution to AGN feedback on galactic scales.
Do anomalously dense hot Jupiters orbit stealth binary stars?
Authors: Goswamy Tanvi , Collier Cameron Andrew , Wilson Thomas G 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The Wide Angle Search for Planets (WASP) survey used transit photometry to discover nearly 200 gas-giant exoplanets and derive their planetary and stellar parameters. Reliable determination of the planetary density depends on accurate measurement of the planet’s radius, obtained from the transit depth and photodynamical determination of the stellar radius. The stellar density and hence the stellar radius are typically determined in a model-independent way from the star’s reflex orbital acceleration and the transit profile. Additional flux coming from the system due to a bright, undetected stellar binary companion can, however, potentially dilute the transit curve and radial velocity signal, leading to underestimation of the planet’s mass and radius, and to overestimation of the planet’s density. In this study, we cross-check the published radii of all the WASP planet-host stars, determined from their transit profiles and radial velocity curves, against radiometric measurements of stellar radii derived from their angular diameters (via the infrared flux method) and trigonometric parallaxes. We identify eight systems showing radiometric stellar radii significantly greater than their published photodynamical values: WASPs 20, 85, 86, 103, 105, 129, 144, and 171. We investigate these systems in more detail to establish plausible ranges of angular and radial velocity separations within which such ‘stealth binaries’ could evade detection, and deduce their likely orbital periods, mass ratios, and flux ratios. After accounting for the dilution of transit depth and radial velocity amplitude, we find that, on average, the planetary densities for the identified stealth binary systems should be reduced by a factor of 1.3.
Digging deeper into NGC 6868 II: ionized gas and excitation mechanism
Authors: Benedetti João P V , Riffel Rogério , Ricci Tiago , Riffel Rogemar A , Pastoriza Miriani , Trevisan Marina , Dahmer-Hahn Luis G , Ruschel-Dutra Daniel , Rodríguez-Ardila Alberto , Ferré-Mateu Anna , Vazdekis Alexandre , Steiner João 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
We studied the ionized gas in the inner region ($\sim$$680\times 470$ pc2) of the galaxy NGC 6868 using Gemini/GMOS (Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph) integral field unit observations. Channel maps reveal complex kinematics and morphology, indicating multiple processes at work in NGC 6868. Through emission-line fitting, we identified two ubiquitous components in our data: a narrow ($\sigma \sim 110$ km s$^{-1}$) tracing an ionized gas disc and a broad component ($\sigma \sim 300$ km s$^{-1}$) mainly associated with inflowing/outflowing gas. The derived V-band reddening shows a spatial distribution consistent with that obtained from stellar population synthesis, although with generally higher values. For the first time, we measured the electron temperature in NGC 6868, finding values ranging from $\sim$14 000 K in the central region to $\gtrsim 20000$ K with an outward increasing temperature gradient. The electron density map exhibits an inverse relationship, with central values reaching $N_e\sim 4000$ cm–3 for the broad component decreasing to $N_e\sim 100$ cm–3 towards the edges of the field of view. Using BPT diagrams, we found that all spaxels are consistent with both active galactic nucleus (AGN) and shock ionization. However, when this information is combined with our kinematic and temperature findings, and further supported by the WHAN diagram, we argue that an AGN is the dominant ionization mechanism in the central region of NGC 6868, while the extended outer component is ionized by a combination of hot low-mass evolved stars and shocks. According to our findings, shocks play a significant role in the ionization balance of this galaxy.
MIGHTEE-H i: deep spectral line observations of the COSMOS field
Authors: Heywood I , Ponomareva A A , Maddox N , Jarvis M J , Frank B S , Adams E A K , Baes M , Bianchetti A , Collier J D , Deane R P , Glowacki M , Jung S L , Pan H , Rajohnson S H A , Rodighiero G , Ruffa I , Santos M G , Sinigaglia F , Vaccari M 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The MIGHTEE survey utilizes the South African MeerKAT radio telescope to observe four extragalactic deep fields, with the aim of advancing our understanding of the formation and evolution of galaxies across cosmic time. MIGHTEE’s frequency coverage encompasses the $\textrm {H}\scriptstyle \mathrm{I}$ line to a redshift of z $\simeq$ 0.58, and OH megamasers to z $\simeq$ 0.9. We present the MIGHTEE-$\textrm {H}\scriptstyle \mathrm{I}$ imaging products for the COSMOS field, using a total of 94.2 h on-target and a close-packed mosaic of 15 individual pointings. The spectral imaging covers two broad, relatively interference-free regions (960–1150 and 1290–1520 MHz) within MeerKAT’s L-band, with up to 26 kHz spectral resolution (5.5 km s$^{-1}$ at z = 0). The median noise in the highest spectral resolution data is 74 μJy beam$^{-1}$, corresponding to a 5$\sigma$$\textrm {H}\scriptstyle \mathrm{I}$ mass limit of 10$^{8.5}$ M$_{\odot }$ for a 300 km s$^{-1}$ line at z = 0.07. The mosaics cover $\gt $4 deg$^{2}$, provided at multiple angular resolution / sensitivity pairings, with an angular resolution for $\textrm {H}\scriptstyle \mathrm{I}$ at z = 0 of 12 arcsec. We describe the spectral line processing workflow that will be the basis for future MIGHTEE-$\textrm {H}\scriptstyle \mathrm{I}$ products, and validation of, and some early results from, the spectral imaging of the COSMOS field. We find no evidence for line emission at the position of the z = 0.376 $\textrm {H}\scriptstyle \mathrm{I}$ line reported from the CHILES survey at a $\gt $94 per cent confidence level, placing a 3$\sigma$ upper limit of 8.1 $\times$ 10$^{9}$ M$_{\odot }$ on $M_{\mathrm{HI}}$ for this galaxy. A public data release accompanies this article.
RNA N6-methyladenosine modification in arthritis: New insights into pathogenesis
Authors: Chen Haowei , Xuan Anran , Shi Xiaorui , Fan Tianxiang , Xue Song , Ruan Jianzhao , Wang Xiaoshuai , Tang Su’an , Qi Weizhong , Sun Haitao , Liu Canzhao , He Shuai , Ding Changhai , Zhu Zhaohua 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The commonest type of eukaryotic RNA modification, N6-methyladenosine (m6A), has drawn increased scrutiny in the context of pathological functioning as well as relevance in determination of RNA stability, splicing, transportation, localization, and translation efficiency. The m6A modification plays an important role in several types of arthritis, especially osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Recent studies have reported that m6A modification regulates arthritis pathology in cells, such as chondrocytes and synoviocytes via immune responses and inflammatory responses through functional proteins classified as writers, erasers, and readers. The aim of this review was to highlight recent advances relevant to m6A modification in the context of arthritis pathogenesis and detail underlying molecular mechanisms, regulatory functions, clinical applications, and future perspectives of m6A in arthritis with the aim of providing a foundation for future research directions.
Rheumatoid arthritis increases complication risks in elderly hip fracture patients: A Japanese nationwide medical claims database study
Authors: Mori Yu , Tarasawa Kunio , Tanaka Hidetatsu , Mori Naoko , Kanabuchi Ryuichi , Fushimi Kiyohide , Aizawa Toshimi , Fujimori Kenji 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes and complications associated with hip fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) relative to those without RA.

Methods
Using the Japanese National Administrative Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, we examined cases of hip fractures from April 2016 to March 2023. After one to three propensity score matching for age, sex, and complications, we examined the association between RA, complications, and mortality during hospitalization in elderly patients with hip fractures.

Results
The findings revealed that elderly Japanese RA patients with hip fractures had significantly higher complications of pneumonia than elderly hip fracture patients without RA, with a ratio of 1.232 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.065–1.426, P = .0056], and pulmonary embolism, with a ratio of 1.155 (95% CI: 1.036–1.287, P = .009) in multivariate logistic regression analyses. Although not significantly elevated, it also found a trend towards higher mortality during hospitalization, with a ratio of 1.179 (95% CI: 0.973–1.429, P = .096).

Conclusions
This study revealed a significant association between RA and increased complications, including pneumonia and pulmonary embolism in hip fractures in the elderly. Implementing preventive strategies is essential to minimizing complications in the treatment of hip fractures in patients with RA.
Induced membrane technique and intramedullary beaming for the extensive bone defect of the talonavicular joint: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ohue Yuki , Togei Kosho , Shima Hiroaki , Hirai Yoshihiro , Tanaka Ken , Neo Masashi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Cases involving both the induced membrane technique and intramedullary beaming are generally rare. Here, we report such a case in an 83-year-old man who suffered from left midfoot pain. Pyogenic arthritis was suspected based on clinical findings, and curettage was performed, revealing an extensive bone defect. The patient was clinically diagnosed with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, the patient underwent both induced membrane technique and intramedullary beaming for the extensive bone defect in the talus and navicular regions caused by seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. The patient exhibited satisfactory short-term outcomes.
Global structures, practices, and tools for provision of chronic peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Cho Yeoungjee , Cullis Brett , Ethier Isabelle , Htay Htay , Jha Vivekanand , Arruebo Silvia , Caskey Fergus J , Damster Sandrine , Donner Jo-Ann , Levin Adeera , Nangaku Masaomi , Saad Syed , Tonelli Marcello , Ye Feng , Okpechi Ikechi G , Bello Aminu K , Johnson David W 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Worldwide, the uptake of peritoneal dialysis (PD) compared with hemodialysis remains limited. This study assessed organizational structures, availability, accessibility, affordability and quality of PD worldwide.

Methods
This cross-sectional study relied on data from kidney registries as well as survey data from stakeholders (clinicians, policymakers and advocates for people living with kidney disease) from countries affiliated with the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) from July to September 2022.

Results
Overall, 167 countries participated in the survey. PD was available in 79% of countries with a median global prevalence of 21.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 1.5–62.4] per million population (pmp). High-income countries (HICs) had an 80-fold higher prevalence of PD than low-income countries (LICs) (56.2 pmp vs 0.7 pmp). In 53% of countries, adults had greater PD access than children. Only 29% of countries used public funding (and free) reimbursement for PD with Oceania and South East Asia (6%), Africa (10%) and South Asia (14%) having the lowest proportions of countries in this category. Overall, the annual median cost of PD was US$18 959.2 (IQR US$10 891.4–US$31 013.8) with full private out-of-pocket payment in 4% of countries and the highest median cost in LICs (US$30 064.4) compared with other country income levels (e.g. HICs US$27 206.0).

Conclusions
Ongoing large gaps and variability in the availability, access and affordability of PD across countries and world regions were observed. Of note, there is significant inequity in access to PD by children and for people in LICs.
Brain tumor patients’ rights and the power of patient advocacy: The current international landscape
Authors: Oliver Kathy , Granero Anita , Berankova Anna , Miller Cameron , Hindson Catherine , La Haye Charles , Tse Chris , Mungoshi Christine , Leach Danielle , Arons David , Keegan Fiona , Bulbeck Helen , Adams Hugh , Dirksje Boer Jolijn , Wallgren Kimberly , Syed Komal , Hynes Laura , Gatellier Laureline , Magiera Magdalena , Lim Melissa , Campbell Mikki , Willmarth Nicole , Garg Nitin , Riis Olsen Pia , Rogers Sarah , Gupta Tejpal , Mitchell Skinner Tina , Moue Yuko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Across the globe, significant inequities in brain tumor treatment, care, and support perpetuate. Identifying and addressing these unmet needs in the context of patients’ rights is crucial to reducing inequalities and improving outcomes for people living with brain tumors. Brain tumor patient advocacy addresses and influences gaps in healthcare provision, ensuring optimal treatment, care, and support for patients, their caregivers, and families. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to highlight the variety of challenges faced by brain tumor patients, caregivers, and advocates in various parts of the world and set a benchmark for improvements. Twenty-eight leading brain tumor patient/caregiver advocates from 18 countries in Asia Pacific, Sub-Saharan Africa, North America, Eastern Europe, and Western Europe collaborated to explore unmet and met needs in their countries. Virtual meetings were held with the 5 geographic groupings. Through a process of discussion based on a combination of patient advocates’ informed expert opinion, published references, a survey (Asia Pacific) and the informal completion of a matrix of challenges by some of the advocacy organizations involved, agreement within the groupings was also reached regarding what rights within The Brain Tumor Patients’ Charter of Rights they felt were being met and where there are still gaps. Acknowledging that some rights in The Brain Tumor Patients’ Charter of Rights are aspirational, there still remain many areas of the world where even basic patient rights are not yet attainable. Patient advocacy organizations stand ready to help change this to achieve the best possible health and quality of life outcomes for adults and children living with brain tumors.
Cigarette Smoking Relapse Among People Who Switched to E-cigarettes or Other Tobacco Products
Authors: Sun Ruoyan , Mendez David , Warner Kenneth E 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Little is known about how quitting and switching to other tobacco products affects cigarette smoking relapse. Additionally, there is no consensus on the best definition of relapse.

Aims and Methods
Respondents who smoked cigarettes at baseline, had quit by the first follow-up, and completed the second follow-up survey in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study were included. We employed multivariable logistic regressions to assess the association between non-cigarette tobacco use at follow-up 1 and smoking relapse risk at follow-up 2, considering three definitions of relapse.

Results
54.8% of the 1686 respondents who had recently quit smoking cigarettes relapsed according to Measure I (any smoking in the past 12 months), 40.3% using Measure II (any smoking in the past 30 days), and 30.1% using Measure III (smoked on ≥3 days in the past 30 days). Compared with no tobacco use at follow-up 1, any tobacco use was associated with increased relapse risk using Measure I (adjusted risk difference [aRD] = 7.14, CI [0.64 to 13.64]). The association was nonsignificant using Measures II (aRD = -0.53, CI [-6.62 to 5.56]) or III (aRD = −4.11, CI [−9.28 to 1.06]). Similarly, exclusive e-cigarette use was significantly associated with Measure I, but not with Measures II or III.

Conclusions
Compared with respondents who had recently quit and were tobacco-free at follow-up 1, those who switched to non-cigarette tobacco products may be more likely to slip but showed no difference in the likelihood of relapse when employing a relapse definition less strict than any smoking in the past 12 months.

Implications
The distinction between a slip and relapse needs to be considered more carefully, with researchers undertaking further studies that help us contemplate how we should define relapse. People who recently quit smoking cigarettes and switched to non-cigarette tobacco products (including e-cigarettes) may be more likely to slip compared to people who recently quit and were tobacco-free, but they are not clearly more likely to relapse.
Decoding Vaping: Empowering Youth Through Media Literacy Based E-cigarette Educational Program
Authors: Michaud Tzeyu L , Tamrakar Niran , Samson Kaeli , Dai Hongying Daisy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The E-cigarette industry’s marketing and social media efforts have promoted adolescent vaping. We developed and pilot-tested an anti-vaping media literary program—MediaSense.

Aims and Methods
In addition to employing the Community-Based Participatory Research approach for program development, we applied a prospective, interventional, and single-arm design to assess the impact of MediaSense among students from five middle and high schools. Data were collected through REDCap surveys administered before and after the intervention. We performed generalized linear mixed models and median analysis to evaluate changes in vaping media literacy (ie, Authors and Audiences [vAA], Messages and Meanings [vMM], and Representation and Reality [vRR]), knowledge, harm perception, and susceptibility to e-cigarette use before and after the intervention.

Results
A total of 384 students aged 11–18 years completed the pre–post survey assessment. After the intervention, students exhibited significantly improved vaping media literacy across all three domains (vAA, fold change [FC] = 150%, p &lt; .0001; vMM, FC = 143%, p &lt; .0001; vRR, FC = 133%, p = .0007). The intervention was associated with a reduction of vaping susceptibility (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.7, p = .04) and improvement in harm perception (AOR = 1.6, p = .009), knowledge of flavored e-cigarettes (AOR = 4.4, p &lt; .0001) and Tobacco 21 policy (AOR = 6.2, p &lt; .0001). Further mediation analysis unveiled the pathway of the intervention on reduction of vaping susceptibility through media literacy (βindirect = −0.03, p = .003) and harm perception enhancement (βindirect = −0.02, p = .03).

Conclusions
The MediaSense program showed promise in vaping prevention among adolescents by reducing vaping susceptibility. Comprehensive vaping media literacy education, especially interventions aimed at decoding misleading marketing information and addressing emerging marketing themes, provides valuable evidence in curbing adolescent vaping.

Implications
MediaSense (Media Education for Sensible Evaluation and Nurturing Substance-free Experiences) represents a promising e-cigarette education program designed for adolescent vaping prevention. The findings of this study highlight the positive impact of the program on media literacy, harm perception, and knowledge of tobacco control policies.