bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Four ribbons of double-layer graphene suspending masses for NEMS applications
Authors: Fan Xuge , He Chang , Ding Jie , Afyouni Akbari Sayedeh Shirin , Zhang Wendong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGraphene ribbons with a suspended proof mass for nanomechanical systems have been rarely studied. Here, we report three types of nanomechanical devices consisting of graphene ribbons (two ribbons, four ribbons-cross and four ribbons-parallel) with suspended Si proof masses and studied their mechanical properties. The resonance frequencies and built-in stresses of three types of devices ranged from tens of kHz to hundreds of kHz, and from 82.61 MPa to 545.73 MPa, respectively, both of which decrease with the increase of the size of proof mass. The devices with four graphene ribbons featured higher resonance frequencies and spring constants, but lower built-in stresses than two ribbon devices under otherwise identical conditions. The Young’s modulus and fracture strain of double-layer graphene were measured to be 0.34 TPa and 1.13% respectively, by using the experimental data and finite element analysis (FEA) simulations. Our studies would lay the foundation for understanding of mechanical properties of graphene ribbons with a suspended proof mass and their potential applications in nanoelectromechanical systems.
Home-based transcranial direct current stimulation treatment for major depressive disorder: a fully remote phase 2 randomized sham-controlled trial
Authors: Woodham Rachel D. , Selvaraj Sudhakar , Lajmi Nahed , Hobday Harriet , Sheehan Gabrielle , Ghazi-Noori Ali-Reza , Lagerberg Peter J. , Rizvi Maheen , Kwon Sarah S. , Orhii Paulette , Maislin David , Hernandez Lucia , Machado-Vieira Rodrigo , Soares Jair C. , Young Allan H. , Fu Cynthia H. Y. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed as a new treatment in major depressive disorder (MDD). This is a fully remote, multisite, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized superiority trial of 10-week home-based tDCS in MDD. Participants were 18 years or older, with MDD in current depressive episode of at least moderate severity as measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (mean = 19.07 ± 2.73). A total of 174 participants (120 women, 54 men) were randomized to active (n = 87, mean age = 37.09 ± 11.14 years) or sham (n = 87, mean age = 38.32 ± 10.92 years) treatment. tDCS consisted of five sessions per week for 3 weeks then three sessions per week for 7 weeks in a 10-week trial, followed by a 10-week open-label phase. Each session lasted 30 min; the anode was placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (active tDCS 2 mA and sham tDCS 0 mA, with brief ramp up and down to mimic active stimulation). As the primary outcome, depressive symptoms showed significant improvement when measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale: active 9.41 ± 6.25 point improvement (10-week mean = 9.58 ± 6.02) and sham 7.14 ± 6.10 point improvement (10-week mean = 11.66 ± 5.96) (95% confidence interval = 0.51–4.01, P = 0.012). There were no differences in discontinuation rates. In summary, a 10-week home-based tDCS treatment with remote supervision in MDD showed high efficacy, acceptability and safety. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05202119
Dendrite injury triggers neuroprotection in Drosophila models of neurodegenerative disease
Authors: Prange Sydney E. , Bhakta Isha N. , Sysoeva Daria , Jean Grace E. , Madisetti Anjali , Le Hieu H. N. , Duong Ly U. , Hwu Patrick T. , Melton Jaela G. , Thompson-Peer Katherine L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDendrite defects and loss are early cellular alterations observed across neurodegenerative diseases that play a role in early disease pathogenesis. Dendrite degeneration can be modeled by expressing pathogenic polyglutamine disease transgenes in Drosophila neurons in vivo. Here, we show that we can protect against dendrite loss in neurons modeling neurodegenerative polyglutamine diseases through injury to a single primary dendrite branch. We find that this neuroprotection is specific to injury-induced activation of dendrite regeneration: neither injury to the axon nor injury just to surrounding tissues induces this response. We show that the mechanism of this regenerative response is stabilization of the actin (but not microtubule) cytoskeleton. We also demonstrate that this regenerative response may extend to other neurodegenerative diseases. Together, we provide evidence that activating dendrite regeneration pathways has the potential to slow–or even reverse–dendrite loss in neurodegenerative disease.
MetaCGRP is a high-precision meta-model for large-scale identification of CGRP inhibitors using multi-view information
Authors: Schaduangrat Nalini , Khemawoot Phisit , Jiso Apisada , Charoenkwan Phasit , Shoombuatong Watshara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMigraine is considered one of the debilitating primary headache conditions with an estimated worldwide occurrence of approximately 14–15%, contributing highly to factors responsible for global disability. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide that plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of migraines and thus, its inhibition can help relieve migraine symptoms. However, conventional process of CGRP drug development has been laborious and time-consuming with incurred costs exceeding one billion dollars. On the other hand, machine learning (ML)-based approaches that are capable of accurately identifying CGRP inhibitors could greatly facilitate in expediting the discovery of novel CGRP drugs. Therefore, this study proposes a novel and high-accuracy meta-model, namely MetaCGRP, that can precisely identify CGRP inhibitors. To the best of our knowledge, MetaCGRP is the first SMILES-based approach that has been developed to identify CGRP inhibitors without the use of 3D structural information. In brief, we initially employed different molecular representation methods coupled with popular ML algorithms to construct a pool of baseline models. Then, all baseline models were optimized and used to generate multi-view features. Finally, we employed the feature selection method to optimize the multi-view features and determine the best feature subset to enable the construction of the meta-model. Both cross-validation and independent tests indicated that MetaCGRP clearly outperforms several conventional ML classifiers, with accuracies of 0.898 and 0.799 on the training and independent test datasets, respectively. In addition, MetaCGRP in conjunction with molecular docking was utilized to identify five potential natural product candidates from Thai herbal pharmacopoeia and analyze their binding affinity and interactions to CGRP. To facilitate community-wide efforts in expediting the discovery of novel CGRP inhibitors, a user-friendly web server for MetaCGRP is freely available at https://pmlabqsar.pythonanywhere.com/MetaCGRP.
Examination of duodenal and colonic microbiome changes in mouse models of acute and chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Lange Rabea , Glaubitz Juliane , Frost Fabian , Geisz Andreas , Aghdassi Ali A. , Weiss F. Ulrich , Sendler Matthias 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe exocrine pancreas is the main source of digestive enzymes which are released from secretory vesicles of acinar cells into the small intestine. Enzymes, including amylases, proteases and lipases, degrade the ingested food and thus determine the nutritional substrate for the gut microbiota. Acute (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) are associated with a transitional or progressive exocrine pancreatic dysfunction, we analysed in the present study how an experimental induction of pancreatitis in mouse models affects the colonic and duodenal microbiome composition. Evaluation by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing revealed specific microbiome changes in colonic as well as in duodenal samples in different models of AP and CP. Mild acute pancreatitis, which is associated with a transient impairment of pancreatic secretion showed only minor changes in microbial composition, comparable to the ones seen in progressive dysfunctional mouse models of CP. The strongest changes were observed in a mouse model of severe AP, which suggest a direct effect of the immune response on gut microbiome in addition to a pancreatic dysfunction. Our data indicate that highly dysbiotic microbiome changes during pancreatitis are more associated with the inflammatory reaction than with a disturbed pancreatic secretion.
Mock-up pragmatic study on the impact performance of self-compacting concrete incorporating sea sand
Authors: Sindhurashmi B. M. , Nayak Gopinatha , Adesh N. D. , Dubey Sandhya Parasnath , Rao Vidya 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSelf-Compacting Concrete (SCC) allows for the use of non-desalted sea sand as a fine aggregate, but the durability of triple mix SCC with partial sea sand replacement remains unclear. To optimize binder and fine aggregate replacements, tests for consistency, setting times, soundness, compressive strength, and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity were performed. Six SCC variations, incorporating 30$$\%$$
%
Class F Fly Ash (FA), 5$$\%$$
%
Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), and various fine aggregate combinations, were evaluated for their fresh, mechanical, microstructural, and durability properties. Results demonstrated that SCC with 50$$\%$$
%
sea sand and 50$$\%$$
%
manufactured sand achieved superior 90$$^{th}$$

th

day compressive strength. This improvement was attributed to accelerated cement setting and enhanced FA reactivity, leading to better hydration products. Microstructural analysis revealed more hydration products and fewer pores in specimens with 50$$\%$$
%
sea sand, due to the disconnected pore structure from Friedel’s salt formation. Chloride binding in concrete involves both chemical and physical mechanisms. Chemical binding is related to Friedel’s salt, while physical binding depends on Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (C-S-H) content. Dense C-S-H formation from sea sand, confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images, results in greater chloride binding. Additionally, aluminum oxide in FA and GGBS enhances chemical binding by forming Friedel’s salt.
Bäckerasthma bei der Lakritzherstellung?
Authors: Azem Tara , Sticherling Michael , Berking Carola , Wagner Nicola 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungBäcker haben ein hohes Risiko, berufsbedingte rhinokonjunktivale und asthmatische Beschwerden zu entwickeln. Das sog. „Bäckerasthma“ ist eine Form des berufsbedingten allergischen Asthmas, welches häufig durch Getreide- bzw. Mehlstaub als berufliches Inhalationsallergen ausgelöst wird. Durch eine gezielte Anamnese wird die Einordnung der arbeitsplatzbezogenen Atemwegsbelastung durch inhalative berufliche Noxen ermöglicht. Darüber hinaus sind zur Diagnose des Bäckerasthmas eine umfassende Allergiediagnostik mittels Pricktestung und serologischer Bestimmung von spezifischen IgE-Antikörpern zum Nachweis einer Typ-I-Sensibilisierung gegen berufliche Inhalationsallergene sowie Lungenfunktionsuntersuchungen notwendig. Die frühzeitige Diagnose und Identifizierung des auslösenden Inhalationsallergens ist wichtig, um durch eine frühe Einleitung von Maßnahmen zur Expositionskarenz die Prognose günstig beeinflussen zu können. Im Folgenden stellen wir den Fall eines 30-jährigen gelernten Bäckers vor, der berufsbedingte asthmatische Beschwerden erst bei der Herstellung von Lakritzprodukten entwickelte, die eine Versetzung innerhalb des Betriebs erforderlich machten.
Funktionelle Diagnostik von Wirbelsäulenerkrankungen in der MRT
Authors: Entenmann Christian Joachim , Vajkoczy Peter , Zdunczyk Anna 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) ist der Goldstandard in der Diagnostik von
Wirbelsäulenerkrankungen. Konventionelle T1- und T2-Sequenzen sind jedoch oft unspezifisch und
korrelieren nur bedingt mit den zugrundeliegenden mikrostrukturellen Veränderungen. Moderne
MRT-Techniken wie quantitatives MRT (qMRT), funktionelle MRT (fMRT),
Magnetresonanzspektroskopie (MRS) und die transmagnetische Stimulation (TMS) bieten die
Möglichkeit, quantifizierbare Veränderungen zu erfassen, die mit der mikrostrukturellen und
funktionalen Integrität des Rückenmarks korrelieren. Dadurch werden neue Einblicke in die
Pathophysiologie von Wirbelsäulenerkrankungen geliefert und somit ein umfassenderes Bild des
Krankheitsbildes wie auch Schwere ermöglicht. Modalitätsspezifische Parameter, welche mit dem
Ausmaß der Verletzung und der neurologischen Erholung korrelieren, können als wichtige
Biomarker in der Zukunft dienen. Sie haben das Potenzial die diagnostische Genauigkeit zu
verbessern, eine individuelle Prognoseabschätzung zu liefern wie auch Risikogruppen zu
definieren und im Rahmen von randomisierten klinischen Studien als Endpunkte zu dienen, um den
Effekt neuer Therapien zu evaluieren. Davor gilt es technische Herausforderungen zu überwinden
und im Rahmen größerer, multizentrischer Studien die vielversprechenden Ergebnisse zu
validieren, bevor es zu einer klinischen Translation kommt.
Routine Transvaginal Ultrasound at the Time of the Anatomy Scan: To Do or Not To Do?
Authors: Grubman Olivia , Mitchell Mackenzie , Owens Thomas , Heiligenstein Mia , Kaplowitz Elianna , Stoffels Guillaume , Al-Ibraheemi Zainab , Brustman Lois , Ashmead Graham , Hussain Farrah N. 
Published: October 2024

Objective There are no universal guidelines for transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) at the time of the anatomy scan. TVUS can provide information on placental location and cervical length (CL) but may lead to more interventions. As a quality assurance initiative, a universal TVUS (UTVUS) protocol at the time of the anatomy scan was started at our institution. This study was conducted to assess whether there was a decrease in preterm birth (PTB), postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission once UTVUS was implemented.
Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study performed on singleton gestations from February 2021 to January 2022. In the first 6 months of the study period, patients only had TVUS based on risk factors (pre group). In the second half of the study period, UTVUS was implemented at the time of the anatomy scan (post group).
Results A total of 2,118 patients were included in the study. There were 1,037 patients in the pre group, of which 161 underwent TVUS based on high-risk factors (history of the cervical procedure, history of prior PTB, and placenta appearing low lying or cervix appearing short on abdominal ultrasound). The post group/UTVUS included 1,081 patients. Patients in the pre group had statistically significantly earlier gestational age at first TVUS (p < 0.0001), were less likely to have had a prior PTB <36 weeks (p = 0.03), and were more likely to have a history of cervical procedure (p = 0.0006) than patients in the post group. There was an increased use of vaginal progesterone in the UTVUS with 33 patients (as opposed to 10 patients in the pre group; p = 0.0007). The proportion of patients with PTB, PPH, or NICU admission did not significantly differ between the two groups even after adjusting for cofounders (p > 0.05).
Conclusion Our data show that UTVUS did not decrease the adverse pregnancy outcomes. In addition, the implementation of UTVUS adds more discomfort for a patient, more time to the patient's scan, and is an additional cost. Therefore, surveillance by abdominal ultrasound and adding TVUS based on risk factors may be a reasonable alternative.
Key Points
The Effect of Competition Sounds on Balance Performance in Football
Players
Authors: Tekin Ebru , Egesoy Halit , Unver Fatma 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the impact of competition
environment sounds on the static and dynamic balance of football players.
Materials and Methods Thirty-two football players with a mean age of
21.12±2.99 years and a body mass index of 21.98±2.58 kg/m² were included in this
study. The initial assessment condition (whether in a quiet environment or with
competition sounds) was determined by simple randomization. Forty-eight hours
later, at the same time of day, the tests were repeated with the environmental
conditions reversed. Balance performance was assessed using the Tecnobody device
for both static and dynamic balance.
Results In the static balance test, it was found that the surface area
covered significantly decreased in the environment where competition sounds were
played (p=0.014), while there was no significant change in overall sway
(p=0.313), anteroposterior sway (p=0.852), or mediolateral sway (p=0.104). In
the dynamic balance test, no significant change was observed in anteroposterior
sway (p=0.411), but mediolateral sway (p=0.025) and overall sway (p=0.042)
significantly decreased. Additionally, there was a significant improvement in
the athletes’ score for reaching the target (p=0.003). The perceived difficulty
levels during the tests were found to be significantly lower in both the static
(p=0.048) and dynamic (p=0.001) balance tests in the environment where
competition sounds were played.
Conclusion In conclusion, competition environment sounds were found to
positively affect the balance performance of football players and reduce the
perceived difficulty level. Incorporating balance training with competition
sounds during athlete rehabilitation may contribute to improved balance
recovery.
Manganese- and Iron-Catalyzed Carbonylation Reactions: A Personal Account
Authors: Wu Xiao-Feng , Bao Zhi-Peng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTransition-metal-catalyzed carbonylative transformations have been widely employed to convert CO gas into valuable carbonyl-containing molecules, mainly using noble metals (Pd, Rh, Ir, Ru) and more recently nickel and other catalysts. Although noble-metal catalysts have the advantage of reaction efficiency, their high-cost has led scientists to explore alternative procedures. Also under these backgrounds, we carried out some studies on nonexpensive metal-catalyzed carbonylative transformations. In this Account, we summarize the carbonylation reactions developed in our research group by using manganese and iron catalysis. These carbonylation reactions proceeded either via SET (single-electron transfer) or TET (two-electron transfer) mechanism.1	Introduction2	Manganese-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Alkyl Chlorides3	Manganese-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Alkyl Iodides4	Iron/Copper-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Alkyl Bromides5	Iron-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Alkyl Bromides6	Iron-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Alkyl-Boronic Pinacol7	Iron-Catalyzed Aminoalkylative Carbonylative Cyclization of Alkenes8	Conclusion and Outlook
A Review of the Applications of Vitamin C to Treat Human Diseases
Authors: He Xiaoke , Zhang Wanting , He Yonglong , Jiang Yuxin , Xu Jiabing , He Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractVitamin C, a ubiquitous water-soluble vitamin, has been demonstrated to have several biological activities, including the promotion of collagen production, enhancement of immunity, facilitation of iron absorption, and improvement of fat metabolism. Thus, it has a multitude of applications in the medical field, such as whitening, antioxidation, and the prevention of a wide range of diseases. Conversely, its lack of stability and low permeability limit its applicability. This review presents a summary of the physicochemical properties, delivery strategies, and biological activities of vitamin C. Additionally, this review provides an overview of its preventive and therapeutic effects on diseases such as cataracts, tumors, and cardiovascular conditions. Finally, this review explores the prospective applications of vitamin C as a pharmaceutical agent. A variety of vitamin C derivatives and delivery systems have been developed to overcome the instability and low permeability of vitamin C. However, several challenges persist, including the uncertain efficacy of derivatives and the complexities associated with the implementation of delivery systems. It is anticipated that future advancements will facilitate the development of delivery forms and the utilization of vitamin C in novel applications.
Paths to a world without families: reasons, means, and ends in family abolitionism
Authors: Cockburn Patrick J. L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe present article is a sympathetic critique of the most prominent contemporary articulations of family abolitionism. It examines whether queer communist family abolitionism is successful in linking an account of reasons for abolition, with an account of the means of abolition, and finally with an account of the ends of abolition in the form of speculation on a possible world without families. Recent work by M.E. O’Brien has developed these connections in ways that have never been done so thoroughly before; but the rejection of states as an institutional form of political power leaves it unclear what forms of equality we could expect in such a world, and why coercive power would be unnecessary there. Family abolition is a utopian political agenda; but that utopianism needs to be constrained by a realist concern with issues of power, resources, and human capacities. This will require confronting trade-offs and imperfections within possible worlds without families. The recognition that there are many paths to a world without families, and many possible such worlds, is the first step towards aligning reasons, means, and ends and confronting the social and political trade-offs that this entails.
Exploring dog-parent guilt: Do human attachment styles play a role?
Authors: Dye Heather 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Given the prevalence of pet ownership in homes, understanding and acknowledging the role of human-animal relationships within the family is critical. Many pet owners identify as “pet parents” and actively pamper their pets with human-grade food, have birthday parties, schedule play dates, and dress them up in clothes and accessories. More homes in the United States have pets than children. In this study, a sample of 332 dog owners from the United States, stratified according to age and sex, completed an online survey. This study used several instruments such as the CENSHARE pet attachment scale, guilt about dog-parenting scale, work-dog conflict scale, making-up behavior scale, and revised adult attachment scale. Correlation analyses and linear regressions were conducted to determine the nature of the relationships between the variables. As predicted, this study found that stronger pet attachment increased dog-parent guilt, work-dog conflict, and make-up behaviors. Moreover, those with an anxious attachment style were more likely to experience dog-parent guilt, also known as disenfranchised guilt. This parental type guilt is when parents feel that work or life demands interfere with their ability to fulfill their role as parents. Pet-parent guilt was similar to that found in parents with human children. Correlation analysis revealed no relationships of pet attachment with any demographic variables, which included sex, age, race, relationship status, household income, and education and parental status. These findings were consistent with a previous study revealing that pet parents who had a strong attachment to their pets experienced dog-parent guilt and work-dog conflict. In addition, this was the first study to examine dog-parent guilt, make-up behaviors, and human attachment styles. Perhaps utilizing a multi-system approach involving educators, mental health professionals, veterinarian professionals, advocates, and organizations can help pet parents feel validated and supported regarding their feelings of guilt. Building a support network for pet parents to connect with others who share similar experiences can validate their feelings and help those who feel isolated.