bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lugar, corporeidade e política: reflexões a partir do net-ativismo em redes sociais online
Authors: Xavier Marcos Antonio De Moraes 
Published: March 2017

O net-ativismo realizado em redes sociais online inaugura novas formas e estratégias de ação política, mas não extingui ou diminui a importância das relações face a face. Nos últimos anos, a ocupação das ruas e espaços públicos por multidões em diferentes lugares do mundo tem sido uma amostra deste fato. Provavelmente, pelo fato de os problemas, indignações e solidariedades expressos nessas redes serem concretos nos lugares, onde efetivamente as pessoas vivem, e não em um espaço virtual metafórico. No lugar: espaço banal, extensão de coexistência e vizinhança, as relações de reciprocidade são inescapáveis, pois, graças à nossa corporeidade, fazemos parte do campo prático da ação uns dos outros e, juntos, ainda que de forma desigual, enfrentamos nossos problemas. É nele, portanto, que a produção da consciência política é mais verossímil e que a ação de luta pode adquirir efetividade.
High-Resolution Dynamical Downscaling of Seasonal Precipitation Forecasts for the Hanjiang Basin in China Using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model
Authors: Li Yuan , Lu Guihua , Wu Zhiyong , He Hai , He Jian 
Published: March 2017

AbstractManagement of water resources may benefit from seasonal precipitation forecasts, but for obtaining high enough resolution, dynamical downscaling is necessary. This study investigated the downscaling capability of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model ARW, version 3.5, on seasonal precipitation forecasts for the Hanjiang basin in China during 2001–09, which was the water source of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP). The WRF Model is forced by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Operational Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), and it performs at a high horizontal resolution of 10 km with four selected convection schemes. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Climate Prediction Center global daily precipitation data were employed to evaluate the WRF Model on multiple scales. On average, when large biases were removed, the WRF Model slightly outperformed the CFSv2 in all seasons, especially summer. In particular, the Kain–Fritsch convective scheme performed best in summer, whereas little difference was found in winter. The WRF Model showed similar results in monthly precipitation, but no time-dependent characteristics were observed for all months. The spatial anomaly correlation coefficient showed greater uncertainty than the bias and the temporal correlation coefficient. In addition, the performance of the WRF Model showed considerable regional variations. The upper basin always showed better agreement with observations than did the middle and lower parts of the basin. A comparison of the forecast and observed daily precipitation revealed that the WRF Model can provide more accurate extreme precipitation information than the CFSv2.
Volumetric analysis of intravoxel incoherent motion imaging for assessment of solitary pulmonary lesions
Authors: Yuan Mei , Zhong Yan , Zhang Yu-Dong , Yu Tong-Fu , Li Hai , Wu Jiang-Fen 
Published: March 2017

Background Differentiating between malignant and benign solitary pulmonary lesions (SPLs) is challenging. Purpose To determine diagnostic performance of intravoxel incoherent motion-based diffusion-weighted imaging (DW-IVIM) in distinguishing malignant from benign SPLs, using histogram analysis derived whole-tumor and single-section region of interest (ROI). Material and Methods This retrospective study received institutional review board approval. A total of 129 patients with diagnosed SPLs underwent DW-IVIM and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). ADC, slow diffusion coefficient (D), fast diffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) were calculated separately by outlining whole-tumor and single-section ROI. Inter-observer reliability was assessed by inter-class correlation coefficient (ICC). ADC and DW-IVIM parameters were analyzed using independent-sample T-test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was constructed to determine diagnostic performance. Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify independent factors associated with malignant SPLs. Results There were 48 benign SPLs found in 35 patients and 94 patients with lung cancer (LC). ICC for whole-tumor ROI (range, 0.89–0.95) was higher than that for single-section ROI (range, 0.61–0.71). Mean ADC and D were significantly lower in the malignant group. ADC and D 10th showed significantly higher AUC values than did mean ADC and D. D showed significantly higher diagnostic accuracy in mean, 10th, and 25th percentiles than ADC values (all Ps < 0.05). D 10th was found to be an independent factor in discriminating LCs with an odds ratio of –1.217. Conclusion Volumetric analysis had higher reproducibility and diagnostic accuracy than did single-section. Further, compared to ADC, D value differentiated benign SPLs from LCs more accurately.
Effective treatment of ketamine-associated cystitis with botulinum toxin type a injection combined with bladder hydrodistention
Authors: Zeng Jianfeng , Lai Haibiao , Zheng Dongxiang , Zhong Liang , Huang Zhifeng , Wang Shanyun , Zou Weiwei , Wei Lianbo 
Published: March 2017

Objective Ketamine-associated cystitis (KAC) has been described in a few case reports, but its treatment in a relatively large number of patients has not been documented. This study aimed to describe our experience of treatment of 36 patients with KAC. Methods Thirty-six patients (30 males and 6 females, aged 19–38 years) with KAC, who had previously taken a muscarinic receptor blocker and/or antibiotics, but without symptomatic relief, were treated with botulinum toxin A injection combined with bladder hydrodistention. Urodynamic testing, and the O’Leary–Sant interstitial cystitis symptom index (ICSI) and problem index (ICPI) were used to evaluate baseline values and improvement before and after the treatment. Results One month post-treatment, all patients achieved marked relief of symptoms. The nocturia time was markedly reduced, while bladder capacity, the interval between micturition, the void volume, and the maximum flow rate were remarkably increased at 1 month. Additionally, the ICSI and ICPI were significantly improved. Conclusion Botulinum toxin A injection along with bladder hydrodistention is effective for managing KAC.
Using Scenario Thinking to Make Real Options Relevant to Managers: A Case Illustration
Authors: Mills Roger W. , Weinstein Bill , Favato Giampiero 
Published: March 2017

This paper argues the advantages of Real Options thinking and by means of examples, exhibits the types of decision-making calculations that are distinctive to Real Options. However, in the process of clarifying the application of Real Options analysis to real decision making, a strong dependency upon scenario thinking is established. The value to decision makers of Real Options depends crucially on the substance and use of the scenarios on which it rests. The distinctive contribution of this paper consists in substantiating this view. By forging a critical link between Real Options analysis and scenario thinking, this paper illustrates how the beneficial application of Real Options to decision making brings it down from the esoteric heights of mathematics, converts it into a technique readily accessible to managers and qualifies it for inclusion in the curriculum of management education. Two cases drawn from personal experience are used to illustrate the approach recommended by the authors.
What Really Happens inside the Boardroom and how it may Shed Light on Corporate Success and Failure
Authors: Lockhart James 
Published: March 2017

For the last two decades or more, agency theory has provided the dominant guiding framework for the research of governance. Despite the results of this effort being described as “remarkably inconsistent not only with the theory but with each other” (Daily, Dalton and Rajagopalan, 2003, p. 152) there have been few attempts to offer alternate paradigms for research. The result of this limitation is that several academics and commentators have had cause to publicly acknowledge that we actually know little about governance. Our understanding of the relationship between governance and subsequent organisational performance is at best haphazard, at worst, little more than an assumption. One attempt at breaking this stalemate concerns venturing into the ‘black box’ (LeBlanc and Schwartz, 2004), an activity that requires a different battery of research skills including a range of qualitative research methods, direct observation of practice, oral histories, case studies, interventions, action research and the analysis of decision-making. Few of these practices sit comfortably within the normal science (Kuhn, 1970) practices of much governance research conducted to date. The aim of this paper is to discuss the attributes of such black box research, identify various approaches to its conduct and to present a brief summary of interim results from a range of research activities in progress in New Zealand. The primary aim of the research ‘agenda’ informing these activities is firstly, to determine how a relationship between governance and subsequent organisational performance may operate given the complexities of such an approach and to identify whether specific attributes (either governance architecture or board capabilities) actually influence organisational outcomes. Results to date offer a tentative glimpse at what may be effective governance. In time, they may seriously challenge the relevance of much current research and what is increasingly being promoted by various agencies and accepted by practitioners as best practice.
Using Reputation Measurement to Create Value: An Analysis and Integration of Existing Measures
Authors: Money Kevin , Hillenbrand Carola 
Published: March 2017

A large body of academic literature is concerned with the conceptualisation and measurement of Corporate Reputation. However, it is not clear how different conceptualisations interact, complement or conflict with each other. Moreover, the theoretical rigour of individual models of Reputation is not always clear. In recent years, there has been a call for a theoretical development to provide a framework that can be used to identify the scope and potential utility of different Reputation measures. This paper answers this call by providing a theoretical framework that integrates literature analysing Reputation as a concept that resides in individuals' perceptions, cognitions and actions towards an organisation with literature that places Reputation as a key part of the strategic thinking of an organisation. Existing measures of Reputation are then placed within this theoretical framework and discussed at both the perceptual and strategic level. The results show that different measures seem complementary and based upon similar conceptual assumptions. The framework allows organisations to understand the utility of different Reputation measures and provides an approach by which reputation can be managed to create value.
Choosing the Best Business Improvement Strategy: The Effects of Organisational Size and Sector on Management Decision-Making
Authors: Anderson Karen , Mcadam Rodney 
Published: March 2017

Managers in all sorts of organisations face difficult choices in choosing what, why and when different business improvement methodologies should be applied. Many approaches are available, which exhibit various degrees of overlap, reinvention and claims of universal application. Given the resources involved, especially in regard to time and costs, there is a need to provide some form of guidance in choosing a business improvement methodology or combination of approaches. The aim of this paper is to review the effects of organisational size and sector on management choice of business improvement methodology. A multi-method approach is used in this research. Firstly, an empirical research methodology is used to survey 800 UK organisations, encompassing different sizes and sectors, in relation to their choice of business improvement methodology. The findings indicate that business improvement methodologies are not universal. Multiple case study analysis (still ongoing) was conducted within five large organisations. Reference is made to preliminary analysis carried out within one of the organisations under study. This case illustrates that executives will introduce business improvement methodologies based on the needs of the organisation, as well as facilitate the transfer of learning and knowledge from experts who are familiar with the application of these tools.
Moving down the Line? The Shifting Boundary between Middle and First-Line Management
Authors: Hales Colin 
Published: March 2017

Much of the recent debate about changes to middle and first-line management treats these changes in isolation, rather than as inter-connected aspects of wider changes to management as a whole. This paper reports evidence from a survey of the first-line manager role in 135 organisations in the UK which shows how first-line managers have acquired some business management responsibilities previously associated with middle managers, but that these have supplemented, rather than replaced, first-line managers' core responsibility for performance-oriented supervision. Consequently, as well as first-line managers who remain primarily supervisors, there are those who are, additionally, performance managers, customer/client service managers and budget holders. On the basis of this evidence, it is argued that there has been re-distribution of managerial work and responsibilities, with a re-drawing of the traditional boundary between middle and first-line managers. Whilst some business management tasks are now shared between middle and first-line managers, routine operational supervision is increasingly concentrated in the first-line manager role. The implications for how organisations recruit, train, develop and reward first-line managers in this new, expanded role and how first-line managers themselves handle its demands and pressures are discussed.
Innovative Education and Business Engagement at the Heart of Entrepreneurial Business Schools: An interview with Dr Gwyn Jones, Director of Essex Business School, University of Essex
Authors: Cheung Cherry Wun-Mei 
Published: March 2017

Dr Gwyn Jones is currently the Director of the Essex Business School (EBS), University of Essex. His first entrepreneurial venture involved successfully starting, growing and selling a software business. He became a serial entrepreneur, alongside his roles in the corporate environment as Chairperson, Director and Non-executive Director. Some of his high-profile posts include the Chairperson of the Welsh Development Agency, the North West Equity Fund, and training and consultancy firm RogenSi, a Non-Executive Director in Tesco and Apricot Computers, a Senior Independent Director at Invesco English and International Trust plc, a Governor of the BBC and a member of the S4C Authority. His career embraces technology, media, retail, consulting and investment. He was appointed the EBS Director in 2013 to head up the management team and leads the review of the school's strategy for education, research and business engagement, a move that was intended to make the school more aligned with the opportunities that business engagement offers. Within a short year a number of agreements have been made with corporates and SMEs, and student numbers have escalated. In addition the school has developed a number of entrepreneurial initiatives, including the introduction of the internship option in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) for undergraduate students and the delivery of the Postgraduate Certificate programme in Entrepreneurship Practices for Essex's graduates who are intending to start a business. Currently, he is involved in a number of exciting projects including the development of business incubation spaces for entrepreneurial students to conduct their business activities. He also works closely with other departments within the University, and is involved in the development and running of a number of entrepreneurial initiatives including the GameHub (a game design programme in partnership with Colchester Borough Council, Essex County Council and Shark Infected Custard) and the annual entrepreneurship boot camp held in Essex. Prior to his role of EBS Director, Gwyn has taught in various higher institutions in the UK including Manchester, Strathclyde, Aberystwyth, and Leicester.
Muscle Degeneration Associated With Rotator Cuff Tendon Release and/or Denervation in Sheep
Authors: Gerber Christian , Meyer Dominik C. , Flück Martin , Valdivieso Paola , von Rechenberg Brigitte , Benn Mario C. , Wieser Karl 
Published: March 2017

Background: The effect of an additional neurological injury (suprascapular nerve traction injury) to a chronically retracted rotator cuff muscle is incompletely understood and warrants clarification. Purpose: To investigate the microscopic and macroscopic muscle degeneration patterns caused by tendon release and/or muscle denervation in a sheep rotator cuff model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Infraspinatus muscle biopsy specimens (for histological analysis) were obtained from 18 Swiss alpine sheep before and 16 weeks after release of the infraspinatus tendon (tenotomy [T] group; n = 6), transection of the suprascapular nerve (neurectomy [N] group; n = 6), or tendon release plus nerve transection (tenotomy + neurectomy [T&N] group; n = 6). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) were used to assess retraction (CT), muscle density (CT), volume (MRI T2), and fat fraction (MRI Dixon). Stiffness of the infraspinatus was measured with a spring scale. Results: At 16 weeks postoperatively, the mean infraspinatus muscle volume had decreased significantly more after neurectomy (to 47% ± 7% of the original volume; P = .001) and tenotomy plus neurectomy (48% ± 13%; P = .005) than after tenotomy alone (78% ± 11%). Conversely, the mean amount of intramuscular fat (CT/MRI Dixon) was not significantly different in the 3 groups (T group: 50% ± 9%; N group: 40% ± 11%; T&N group: 46% ± 10%) after 16 weeks. The mean myotendinous retraction (CT) was not significantly different in the T and T&N groups (5.8 ± 1.0 cm and 6.4 ± 0.4 cm, respectively; P = .26). Stiffness was, however, most increased after additional neurectomy. In contrast to muscle changes after tendon release, denervation of the muscle led to a decrease in the pennation angle of lengthened muscle fibers, with a reduced mean cross-sectional area of pooled muscle fibers, a slow- to fast-type transformation, and an increase in the area percentage of hybrid fibers, leading to overall significantly greater atrophy of the corresponding muscle. Conclusion: Although it is unclear which experimental group (T or T&N) most accurately reflects the clinical scenario in a given case, these findings provide baseline information for clinical differentiation between muscle changes caused by denervation or rotator cuff tendon lesions. Clinical Relevance: The findings of this study help to understand how and to which extent a neurological lesion of the supplying suprascapular nerve could influence the pattern of anatomic-physiological muscular changes after rotator cuff tendon tears.
Longitudinal Long-term Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Follow-up After Single-Row Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: Clinical Superiority of Structural Tendon Integrity
Authors: Heuberer Philipp R. , Smolen Daniel , Pauzenberger Leo , Plachel Fabian , Salem Sylvia , Laky Brenda , Kriegleder Bernhard , Anderl Werner 
Published: March 2017

Background:The number of arthroscopic rotator cuff surgeries is consistently increasing. Although generally considered successful, the reported number of retears after rotator cuff repair is substantial. Short-term clinical outcomes are reported to be rarely impaired by tendon retears, whereas to our knowledge, there is no study documenting long-term clinical outcomes and tendon integrity after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.Purpose:To investigate longitudinal long-term repair integrity and clinical outcomes after arthroscopic rotator cuff reconstruction.Study Design:Case series; Level of evidence, 4.Methods:Thirty patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair with suture anchors for a full-tendon full-thickness tear of the supraspinatus or a partial-tendon full-thickness tear of the infraspinatus were included. Two and 10 years after initial arthroscopic surgery, tendon integrity was analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) score and Constant score as well as subjective questions regarding satisfaction with the procedure and return to normal activity were used to evaluate short- and long-term outcomes.Results:At the early MRI follow-up, 42% of patients showed a full-thickness rerupture, while 25% had a partial rerupture, and 33% of tendons remained intact. The 10-year MRI follow-up (129 ± 11 months) showed 50% with a total rerupture, while the other half of the tendons were partially reruptured (25%) or intact (25%). The UCLA and Constant scores significantly improved from preoperatively (UCLA total: 50.6% ± 20.2%; Constant total: 44.7 ± 10.5 points) to 2 years (UCLA total: 91.4% ± 16.0% [ P < .001]; Constant total: 87.8 ± 15.3 points [ P < .001]) and remained significantly higher after 10 years (UCLA total: 89.7% ± 15.9% [ P < .001]; Constant total: 77.5 ± 15.6 points [ P < .001]). The Constant total score and Constant strength subscore, but not the UCLA score, were also significantly better at 10 years postoperatively in patients with intact tendons compared with patients with retorn tendons (Constant total: 89.0 ± 7.8 points vs 75.7 ± 14.1 points, respectively [ P = .034]; Constant strength: 18.0 ± 4.9 points vs 9.2 ± 5.2 points, respectively [ P = .006]). The majority of patients rated their satisfaction with the procedure as “excellent” (83.3%), and 87.5% returned to their normal daily activities.Conclusion:Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair showed good clinical long-term results despite a high rate of retears. Nonetheless, intact tendons provided significantly superior clinical long-term outcomes, making the improvement of tendon healing and repair integrity important goals of future research efforts.