bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of telomerase promoter mutations to mark specific molecular subsets with reciprocal clinical behavior in IDH mutant and IDH wild-type diffuse gliomas
Authors: Akyerli Cemaliye B. , Yüksel Şirin , Can Özge , Erson-Omay E. Zeynep , Oktay Yavuz , Coşgun Erdal , Ülgen Ege , Erdemgil Yiğit , Sav Aydın , von Deimling Andreas , Günel Murat , Yakıcıer M. Cengiz , Pamir M. Necmettin , Özduman Koray 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVERecent studies have established that hemispheric diffuse gliomas may be grouped into subsets on the basis of molecular markers; these subsets are loosely correlated with the histopathological diagnosis but are strong predictors of clinical tumor behavior. Based on an analysis of molecular and clinical parameters, the authors hypothesized that mutations of the telomerase promoter (TERTp-mut) mark separate oncogenic programs among isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and/or 2 (IDH) mutant (IDH-mut) and IDH wild-type (IDH-wt) diffuse gliomas independent of histopathology or WHO grade.METHODSFour molecular subsets of the combined statuses of IDH and TERT-promoter mutations (double mutant, IDH only, TERT only, and double negative) were defined. Differences in age, anatomical location, molecular genetics, and survival rates in a surgical cohort of 299 patients with a total of 356 hemispheric diffuse gliomas (WHO Grade II, III, or IV) were analyzed.RESULTSTERTp-mut were present in 38.8% of IDH-mut and 70.2% of IDH-wt gliomas. The mutational status was stable in each patient at 57 recurrence events over a 2645-month cumulative follow-up period. Among patients with IDH-mut gliomas, those in the double-mutant subset had better survival and a lower incidence of malignant degeneration than those in the IDH-only subset. Of patients in the double-mutant subset, 96.3% were also positive for 1p/19q codeletions. All patients with 1p/19q codeletions had TERTp-mut. In patients with IDH-mut glioma, epidermal growth factor receptor or phosphatase and tensin homolog mutations were not observed, and copy-number variations were uncommon. Among IDH-wt gliomas, the TERT-only subset was associated with significantly higher age, higher Ki-67 labeling index, primary glioblastoma-specific oncogenic changes, and poor survival. The double-negative subset was genetically and biologically heterogeneous. Survival analyses (Kaplan-Meier, multivariate, and regression-tree analyses) confirmed that patients in the 4 molecular subsets had distinct prognoses.CONCLUSIONSMolecular subsets result in different tumor biology and clinical behaviors in hemispheric diffuse gliomas.
Patterns of care and outcomes in gliosarcoma: an analysis of the National Cancer Database
Authors: Frandsen Jonathan , Orton Andrew , Jensen Randy , Colman Howard , Cohen Adam L. , Tward Jonathan , Shrieve Dennis C. , Suneja Gita 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEThe authors compared presenting characteristics and survival for patients with gliosarcoma (GS) and glioblastoma (GBM). Additionally, they performed a survival analysis for patients who underwent GS treatments with the hypothesis that trimodality therapy (surgery followed by radiation and chemotherapy) would be superior to nontrimodality therapy (surgery alone or surgery followed by chemotherapy or radiation).METHODSAdults diagnosed with GS and GBM between the years 2004 and 2013 were queried from the National Cancer Database. Chi-square analysis was used to compare presenting characteristics. Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and propensity score analyses were employed for survival analyses.RESULTSIn total, data from 1102 patients with GS and 36,658 patients with GBM were analyzed. Gliosarcoma had an increased rate of gross-total resection (GTR) compared with GBM (19% vs 15%, p < 0.001). Survival was not different for patients with GBM (p = 0.068) compared with those with GS. After propensity score analysis for GS, patients receiving trimodality therapy (surgery followed by radiation and chemotherapy) had improved survival (12.9 months) compared with those not receiving trimodality therapy (5.5 months). In multivariate analysis, GTR, female sex, fewer comorbidities, trimodality therapy, and age < 65 years were associated with improved survival. There was a trend toward improved survival with MGMT promoter methylation (p = 0.117).CONCLUSIONSIn this large registry study, there was no difference in survival in patients with GBM compared with GS. Among GS patients, trimodality therapy significantly improved survival compared with nontrimodality therapy. Gross-total resection also improved survival, and there was a trend toward increased survival with MGMT promoter methylation in GS. The major potential confounder in this study is that patients with poor functional status may not have received aggressive radiation or chemotherapy treatments, leading to the observed outcome. This study should be considered hypothesis-generating; however, due to its rarity, conducting a clinical trial with GS patients alone may prove difficult.
Comparative analysis of monotherapy versus duotherapy antiseizure drug management for postoperative seizure control in patients undergoing an awake craniotomy
Authors: Eseonu Chikezie I. , Eguia Francisco , Garcia Oscar , Kaplan Peter W. , Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEPostoperative seizures are a common complication in patients undergoing an awake craniotomy, given the cortical manipulation during tumor resection and the electrical cortical stimulation for brain mapping. However, little evidence exists about the efficacy of postoperative seizure prophylaxis. This study aims to determine the most appropriate antiseizure drug (ASD) management regimen following an awake craniotomy.METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective analysis of data pertaining to patients who underwent an awake craniotomy for brain tumor from 2007 to 2015 performed by a single surgeon. Patients were divided into 2 groups, those who received a single ASD (the monotherapy group) and those who received 2 types of ASDs (the duotherapy group). Patient demographics, symptoms, tumor characteristics, hospitalization details, and seizure outcome were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate numerous clinical variables associated with postoperative seizures.RESULTSA total of 81 patients underwent an awake craniotomy for tumor resection of an eloquent brain lesion. Preoperative baseline characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. The postoperative seizure rate was 21.7% in the monotherapy group and 5.7% in the duotherapy group (p = 0.044). Seizure outcome at 6 months’ follow-up was assessed with the Engel classification scale. The duotherapy group had a significantly higher proportion of seizure-free (Engel Class I) patients than the monotherapy group (90% vs 60%, p = 0.027). The length of stay was similar, 4.02 days in the monotherapy group and 4.51 days in the duotherapy group (p = 0.193). The 90-day readmission rate was higher for the monotherapy group (26.1% vs 8.5% in the duotherapy group, p = 0.044). Multivariate logistic regression showed that preoperative seizure history was a significant predictor for postoperative seizures following an awake craniotomy (OR 2.08, 95% CI 0.56–0.90, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSPatients with a preoperative seizure history may be at a higher risk for postoperative seizures following an awake craniotomy and may benefit from better postoperative seizure control with postoperative ASD duotherapy.
Prevalence of foramen arcuale and its clinical significance: a meta-analysis of 55,985 subjects
Authors: Pękala Przemysław A. , Henry Brandon M. , Pękala Jakub R. , Hsieh Wan Chin , Vikse Jens , Sanna Beatrice , Walocha Jerzy A. , Tubbs R. Shane , Tomaszewski Krzysztof A. 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEThe foramen arcuale (FA) is a bony bridge located over the vertebral artery on the posterior arch of the atlas. The presence of an FA can pose a risk during neurosurgery by providing a false impression of a broader posterior arch. The aim of this study was to provide the most comprehensive investigation on the prevalence of the FA and its clinically important anatomical features.METHODSMajor electronic databases were searched to identify all studies that reported relevant data on the FA and the data were pooled into a meta-analysis.RESULTSA total of 127 studies (involving 55,985 subjects) were included. The overall pooled prevalence of a complete FA was 9.1% (95% CI 8.2%–10.1%) versus an incomplete FA, which was 13.6% (95% CI 11.2%–16.2%). The complete FA was found to be most prevalent in North Americans (11.3%) and Europeans (11.2%), and least prevalent among Asians (7.5%). In males (10.4%) the complete FA was more common than in females (7.3%) but an incomplete FA was more commonly seen in females (18.5%) than in males (16.7%). In the presence of a complete FA, a contralateral FA (complete or incomplete) was found in 53.1% of cases.CONCLUSIONSSurgeons should consider the risk for the presence of an FA prior to procedures on the atlas in each patient according to sex and ethnic group. We suggest preoperative screening with computerized tomography as the gold standard for detecting the presence of an FA.
Intrathoracic meningocele associated with neurofibromatosis Type 1 and a novel technique for surgical repair: case report
Authors: Das Paramita , Goyal Tarini , Hunt Matthew A. 
Published: June 2017

Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous disorder that can have associated spinal abnormalities related to both bone and dural dysplasia. Thoracic meningoceles are one spine anomaly associated with NF1, although they are a fairly uncommon pathology. Surgical techniques to treat these meningoceles, usually undertaken only when the patient is symptomatic, are targeted at decreasing the size of the protrusion and improving lung capacity. Surgical interventions discussed in the literature include shunting the pseudomeningocele, primary repair with laminectomy, thoracoscopic plication, and reinforcement of the closure with cement, muscle, or fascia. Authors here report the case of a 43-year-old woman with NF1 with worsening pulmonary function tests and in whom shunting of the pseudomeningocele failed. Subsequently, a posterolateral thoracotomy was performed. The dura mater was reconstructed and primarily closed. On this closure a Gore-Tex soft-tissue patch was placed along with polypropylene mesh and Evicel fibrin sealant, followed by titanium mesh. At the end of the procedure, a chest tube was left in place and therapeutic pneumoperitoneum was performed to decrease the dead space as the lung did not fully expand with positive-pressure ventilation. The patient’s pulmonary function tests improved after the procedure.Thoracic meningoceles are uncommon and difficult pathologies to treat surgically. Although shunting is arguably the least invasive surgical option, it can fail in some patients. When it does fail, there are other options that require a multidisciplinary approach and careful attention to the dural closure and reinforcing layers.
The relevance of health literacy to mHealth
Authors: Kreps Gary L. 
Published: June 2017

This paper examines the importance of health literacy to the design and use of mobile digital health information technology (mHealth) applications. Over the past two decades mHealth has evolved to become a major health communication channel for delivering health care, promoting health, and tracking health behaviors. Yet, there are serious communication challenges that must be addressed concerning the best way to design and utilize mHealth application to achieve key health promotion goals, including assuring the appropriateness and effectiveness of mHealth messaging for audiences with different communication competencies, styles, and health literacy levels, to ensure that mHealth applications are truly effective tools for health promotion. Health literacy is one of the major communication issues relevant to the effective use of mHealth. To be effective, mhealth applications need to match the messages conveyed via these mobile media to the specific health communication needs, orientations, and competencies of intended audience members. Unfortunately, current evidence suggests that many mHealth applications are difficult for audiences to utilize because they provide health information that is not easy for many consumers to understand and apply. Health literacy refers to the ability of participants within the health care system to accurately interpret and utilize relevant health information and resources to achieve their health goals. Evidence suggests that many consumers possess limited levels of health literacy to adequately understand health information, especially when they are feeling ill, since health literacy is both a trait (limited education, language facility, etc.), and a state condition (based on how their current physical and mental states influence their abilities to communicate effectively). Therefore, it is incumbent upon mHealth developers to design and utilize message systems. Strategies for designing and implementing mHealth applications to meet the health literacy levels of different audiences are described in this article.
Identité sexuée ou sexuelle, développement et racines précoces de la bisexualité psychique
Authors: Golse Bernard 
Published: June 2017

Identité sexuée ou sexuelle, développement et racines précoces de la bisexualité psychique. Féminin - Masculin - Objet partiel - Objet total Après quelques rappels théoriques sur la question de l’identité sexuée, l’auteur aborde la question de la bisexualité psychique au regard des précurseurs de la différence des sexes, c’est-à-dire la manière dont elle s’élabore au niveau des enveloppes et des objets partiels avant de s’exprimer en termes d’objets totaux (homme/femme). Cette réflexion s’achève sur une référence aux travaux de François Jullien quant aux concepts « d’écart » ou « d’entre » qui permettent peut-être une certaine dialectisation du masculin et du féminin
La différence des sexes. L’énigme de l’autre
Authors: Bonnet Gérard 
Published: June 2017

A propos de la différence sexuelle, Freud écrit dans l’ Abrégé de psychanalyse : « nous nous trouvons là en face d’une grande énigme, d’un problème posé par un fait biologique ». Le problème vient de ce que le sujet humain est habité par bisexualité psychique et qu’il ne peut se résoudre à cette différence. Dans son article sur La tête de Méduse Freud démontre l’horreur qu’éprouve tout sujet humain à la vision du sexe de l’autre mais aussi la réassurance qui en résulte dès lors qu’il peut l’affronter, car c’est aussi l’occasion d’assumer et de transformer les énigmes inconscientes. Dans Le supplément au voyage de Bougainville, Diderot laisse entendre que cet affrontement prend tout son sens dès lors qu’il est aussi source de fécondité.
DESCRIÇÕES ANATÔMICAS DO CORAÇÃO E VASOS DA BASE DE Procyon cancrivorus (CUVIER, 1798)
Authors: Pereira Kleber Fernando , Terra Daiane Rodrigues de Souza , Ferreira Lorraine Silva , Sabec-Pereira Dayane Kelly , Lima Fabiano Campos , Santos Odeony Paulo dos 
Published: June 2017

O mão-pelada (Procyon cancrivorus) é um carnívoro silvestre, encontrado principalmente na Costa Rica, Bolívia, Colômbia, Guiana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela, Trinidad e Tobago, Panamá, Uruguai, nordeste da Argentina e em todos os biomas do território brasileiro. Conhecido como guaxinim, mão-pelada ou rato lavador têm a peculiaridade de mergulhar na água tudo o que come. Possui hábito noturno e crepuscular, escalador arborícola e terrícola, habitante de áreas arbustivas, preferencialmente próximas a cursos de água, é um bom nadador com ótimas habilidades para cavar, escalar e tem vida solitária. Objetivo foi descrever a morfologia do coração e vasos da base de mão pelada. Foram utilizados três corações de Procyon, provenientes de coletas em rodovias, vítimas de atropelamentos. Para a observação das estruturas do coração, foi realizado o arrebatamento da pele, músculos e a retirada das costelas. Depois de exposto o coração, foi feita a retirada do pericárdio fibroso e seroso para melhor visualização das estruturas, expondo assim o coração e vasos da base. O coração do mão pelada é constituído por quatro câmaras: dois átrios e dois ventrículos. Na face anterior de cada átrio existe uma estrutura enrugada, em forma de saco, chamada aurícula. Semelhante ao coração dos animais domésticos e silvestres, o coração do mão pelada apresenta seio venoso, valvas atrioventriculares, músculos papilares e cordas tendíneas. No átrio direito, desemboca as veias cavas cranial e caudal. No ventrículo esquerdo foi observada a veia cardíaca magna, que faz a drenagem sanguínea no coração. O átrio esquerdo juntamente com sua aurícula está situado atrás do átrio direito. As artérias coronárias originam diretamente da aorta e o arco da aorta é formado pela aorta ascendente, onde se encontra o tronco braquiocefálico e a artéria subclávia. As estruturas estudadas foram comparadas com os carnívoros domésticos, como o cão e gato, e com alguns animais silvestres, onde constatou grande similaridade entre estes carnívoros.
The role of discriminant functions in screening beta thalassemia trait and iron deficiency anemia among laboratory samples
Authors: Kumar Ashwani , Saha Debarshi , Kini Jyoti , Murali Nirupama , Chakraborti Shrijeet , Adiga Deepa 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Most important differential diagnosis for microcytosis and hypochromia is beta thalassemia trait (BTT) and iron deficiency anemia.
AIM: To study the utility of discriminant functions (DFs) and red cell indices in distinguishing BTT and iron deficiency anemia.
METHODS: The study is observational (cross sectional). A total of 350 patients, 43 BTT, and 307 iron-deficiency anemia reflecting actual disease prevalence were included. Their complete red blood cell parameters, hemoglobin A2, and serum ferritin level wherever required were obtained. Receiver operator characteristic curve was drawn for each DF and results compared with other studies.
RESULTS: Among the six DFs, the highest sensitivity (97.7%) and specificity (98.6%) was shown, respectively, by Shine and Lal (S and L) and England and Fraser index (E and F) in identifying cases of BTT. Youden index of the Mentzer index (MI) was the highest (69.0) and S and L, the lowest (13.2) indicating MI to be the most efficient and the S and L, the least in differentiating the two entities. Red cell distribution width index (RDWI) showed the highest accuracy (91.6%), whereas S and L showed the least accuracy (29.6%).
CONCLUSION: MI was the most efficient in discriminating BTT from iron deficiency anemia (IDA). RDWI stands to be the most accurate. S and L could at best be used as screening tool rather than DF. No study except one agreed with us because convenient sampling used in other studies generated bias in their results. Statistically, this study bears far more relevance than other studies because the sample distribution reflects the prevalence of IDA and BTT in the community.
Mixed couples, mixed feelings
Authors: Amponsah Emma-Lee 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This study aims to explore to what extent the internalised racism based on black inferiority and white supremacy, as described in 1952 by Fanon in his Black Skin, White Masks, is still reproduced in the intimate sphere today, despite increasing diversification in Western societies. I have analysed the narratives of Belgian and Dutch men and women, both white and black, who were at the time involved in intimate black-white relationships. These narratives can inform us about how the binary of internalised racism is played out in such relationships; i.e. how the white partner is dealing with prevalent discourses on whiteness and blackness and how s/he is positioning him- or herself in the relationship. Also, we can learn to understand how the black partner in these relationships perceives whiteness in a white-dominated society that does not acknowledge whiteness as a racialised positioning, and if the same meanings of whiteness are sustained in their relationships. Outcomes of this study can contribute to our understanding of race and whiteness in the specific context of the Netherlands and Belgium and might be particularly interesting in the light of the supposedly global transition from post-colonialism to decolonisation.
Improved identification of primary biological aerosol particles using single-particle mass spectrometry
Authors: Zawadowicz Maria A. , Froyd Karl D. , Murphy Daniel M. , Cziczo Daniel J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Measurements of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP), especially at altitudes relevant to cloud formation, are scarce. Single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) has been used to probe aerosol chemical composition from ground and aircraft for over 20 years. Here we develop a method for identifying bioaerosols (PBAP and particles containing fragments of PBAP as part of an internal mixture) using SPMS. We show that identification of bioaerosol using SPMS is complicated because phosphorus-bearing mineral dust and phosphorus-rich combustion by-products such as fly ash produce mass spectra with peaks similar to those typically used as markers for bioaerosol. We have developed a methodology to differentiate and identify bioaerosol using machine learning statistical techniques applied to mass spectra of known particle types. This improved method provides far fewer false positives compared to approaches reported in the literature. The new method was then applied to two sets of ambient data collected at Storm Peak Laboratory and a forested site in Central Valley, California to show that 0.04–2 % of particles in the 200–3000 nm aerodynamic diameter range were identified as bioaerosol. In addition, 36–56 % of particles identified as biological also contained spectral features consistent with mineral dust, suggesting internal dust–biological mixtures.
Analyzing cloud base at local and regional scales to understand tropical montane cloud forest vulnerability to climate change
Authors: Van Beusekom Ashley E. , González Grizelle , Scholl Martha A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The degree to which cloud immersion provides water in addition to rainfall, suppresses transpiration, and sustains tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) during rainless periods is not well understood. Climate and land use changes represent a threat to these forests if cloud base altitude rises as a result of regional warming or deforestation. To establish a baseline for quantifying future changes in cloud base, we installed a ceilometer at 100 m altitude in the forest upwind of the TMCF that occupies an altitude range from ∼ 600 m to the peaks at 1100 m in the Luquillo Mountains of eastern Puerto Rico. Airport Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) ceilometer data, radiosonde data, and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite data were obtained to investigate seasonal cloud base dynamics, altitude of the trade-wind inversion (TWI), and typical cloud thickness for the surrounding Caribbean region. Cloud base is rarely quantified near mountains, so these results represent a first look at seasonal and diurnal cloud base dynamics for the TMCF. From May 2013 to August 2016, cloud base was lowest during the midsummer dry season, and cloud bases were lower than the mountaintops as often in the winter dry season as in the wet seasons. The lowest cloud bases most frequently occurred at higher elevation than 600 m, from 740 to 964 m. The Luquillo forest low cloud base altitudes were higher than six other sites in the Caribbean by ∼ 200–600 m, highlighting the importance of site selection to measure topographic influence on cloud height. Proximity to the oceanic cloud system where shallow cumulus clouds are seasonally invariant in altitude and cover, along with local trade-wind orographic lifting and cloud formation, may explain the dry season low clouds. The results indicate that climate change threats to low-elevation TMCFs are not limited to the dry season; changes in synoptic-scale weather patterns that increase frequency of drought periods during the wet seasons (periods of higher cloud base) may also impact ecosystem health.