bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Shape‐Controlled Palladium Nanoparticle‐Decorated Electrospun Polypyrrole/Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers for Hydrogen Peroxide Coalescing Detection
Authors: Kim Wooyoung , Shin Dong Hoon , Jun Jaemoon , Kim Jae Hyun , Jang Jyongsik 
Published: September 2017

AbstractShape‐controlled palladium nanoparticle‐decorated electrospun polypyrrole/polyacrylonitrile nanofibers (Pd_PPy/PAN NFs) are fabricated by electrospinning, vapor deposition polymerization (VDP), and electrodeposition. The electrospun PAN NFs are used as the framework for a composite nanomaterial. To make the material electrically conductive, the framework is coated with PPy by VDP. As‐prepared PPy/PAN NFs are used as the working electrode during electrodeposition of Pd. During Pd introduction, the presence of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte influences the shape of the Pd nanoparticles. Sulfate ions prevent the growth of the Pd, resulting in nanoparticles with sharp features. The fabricated Pd_PPy/PAN NFs are then incorporated as the active element in an electrochemical hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) biosensor. Tailoring the morphology of the Pd nanoparticles enables a minimum detectable limit of 1 × 10−9m H2O2, which is sufficiently low for monitoring diseases related to H2O2 concentration, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The low detection limit is achieved by coalescing detection of Pd and PPy.
Multimaterials 3D Printing for Free Assembly Manufacturing of Magnetic Driving Soft Actuator
Authors: Ji Zhongying , Yan Changyou , Yu Bo , Wang Xiaolong , Zhou Feng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles are employed to develop digital light processing 3D printing resin, which is used to fabricate arbitrary‐shape soft actuators with multimaterials printing in a free assembly manner. Various mechanical properties and printed morphology of curing resin with different Fe3O4 nanoparticles content are explored to demonstrate the feasibility and precision. By using magnetic and nonmagnetic resins as the magnetic and nonmagnetic segments, mulitple magnetic devices and actuators are prepared by digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology. Moreover, the interfacial binding strength between magnetic and nonmagnetic segments and deflection with different diameters of printed lattices and content of Fe3O4 nanoparticles are investigated. DLP 3D printing enables the free assembly manufacturing of actuators with complicated architectures to achieve bending, deformation, cargo transportation, and so on. As proof‐of‐concept, a flexible gripper is printed through integrating magnetic responsive and nonresponsive materials into one body. This approach with special material will be promising to extend the capability of 3D printing for applications in controllable delivery with remote magnetic control in biological, medical, and robotic fields.
The Atomic Scale Electrochemical Lithiation and Delithiation Process of Silicon
Authors: Cao Chuntian , Steinrück Hans‐Georg , Shyam Badri , Toney Michael F. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWhile silicon (Si) has tenfold capacity of commercially used graphite, its application is still limited due to its limited cyclability. In this in situ X‐ray reflectivity study, a detailed mechanistic model of the first two (de)lithiation processes of a silicon wafer is presented, which sheds light onto the fundamental difference of the reaction of Li ions with crystalline and amorphous materials. Furthermore, this study provides insight into the formation and further evolution of the inorganic solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on Si anodes. The results show that the lithiation of crystalline Si is a layer‐by‐layer, reaction limited two‐phase process, but the delithiation of LixSi (resulting in amorphous Si) and the lithiation of amorphous Si are reaction‐limited single‐phase processes. Furthermore, the thickness‐density product of the inorganic SEI layer increases during lithiation and decreases during delithiation, resembling a “breathing” behavior; the inorganic SEI layer thickness varies between 40 and 70 Å. Additionally, a low‐electron‐density “Li‐dip” layer is found between the SEI and lithiated Si during the delithiation process, suggesting kinetically limited ion transport within the SEI, which is speculated to be one of the origins of battery's internal resistance. Several implications of the findings on battery performance in general are discussed.
Multi‐Photon Absorption in Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Medishetty Raghavender , Nemec Lydia , Nalla Venkatram , Henke Sebastian , Samoć Marek , Reuter Karsten , Fischer Roland A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMulti‐photon absorption (MPA) is among the most prominent nonlinear optical (NLO) effects and has applications, for example in telecommunications, defense, photonics, and bio‐medicines. Established MPA materials include dyes, quantum dots, organometallics and conjugated polymers, most often dispersed in solution. We demonstrate how metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a novel NLO solid‐state materials class, can be designed for exceptionally strong MPA behavior. MOFs consisting of zirconium‐ and hafnium‐oxo‐clusters and featuring a chromophore linker based on the tetraphenylethene (TPE) molecule exhibit record high two‐photon absorption (2PA) cross‐section values, up to 3600 GM. The unique modular building‐block principle of MOFs allows enhancing and optimizing their MPA properties in a theory‐guided approach by combining tailored charge polarization, conformational strain, three‐dimensional arrangement, and alignment of the chromophore linkers in the crystal.
Spin‐State‐Controlled Photodissociation of Iron(III) Azide to an Iron(V) Nitride Complex
Authors: Andris Erik , Navrátil Rafael , Jašík Juraj , Sabenya Gerard , Costas Miquel , Srnec Martin , Roithová Jana 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe generation of iron(V) nitride complexes, which are targets of biomimetic chemistry, is reported. Temperature‐dependent ion spectroscopy shows that this reaction is governed by the spin‐state population of their iron(III) azide precursors and can be tuned by temperature. The complex [(MePy2TACN)Fe(N3)]2+ (MePy2TACN=N‐methyl‐N,N‐bis(2‐picolyl)‐1,4,7‐triazacyclononane) exists as a mixture of sextet and doublet spin states at 300 K, whereas only the doublet state is populated at 3 K. Photofragmentation of the sextet state complex leads to the reduction of the iron center. The doublet state complex photodissociates to the desired iron(V) nitride complex. To generalize these findings, we show results for complexes with cyclam‐based ligands.
Polymer nanogenerators: Opportunities and challenges for large‐scale applications
Authors: Wang Aurelia Chi , Wu Changsheng , Pisignano Dario , Wang Zhong Lin , Persano Luana 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTTechnologies for energy harvesting from objects in motion are gaining a continuously increasing interest to directly power wearable electronics, sensors, and wireless transmitters. New networks where things will be uniquely identified and interconnected will require key enabling technologies, particularly cheap, flexible generators of renewable energy, conformable to any solid surface, to power independently individual objects and data transmission. Polymer‐based nanogenerators (PNGs), capable of converting mechanical energy into electricity, have exact features to fulfill these requirements. This article highlights advances in PNGs with focus on material chemistries and geometrical features, device design strategies, and performances. Representative examples of applications which show large‐scale capability are reported. Concluding sections summarize the key challenges and the commercialization perspectives of PNGs for use in real life applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45674.
Coronary angiography with or without percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with hemophilia—Systematic review
Authors: Boehnel Christian , Rickli Hans , Graf Lukas , Maeder Micha T. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to summarize the evidence for periprocedural and long‐term strategies to both minimize the bleeding risk and ensure sufficient anticoagulation and antiaggregation in hemophilia patients undergoing coronary angiography with or without percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).BackgroundHemophilia patients undergoing coronary angiography and PCI are at risk of bleeding due to deficiency of the essential clotting factors VIII or IX combined with the need of peri‐interventional anticoagulation and antiaggregation and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after PCI.MethodsWe report on a patient with moderate hemophilia B undergoing single‐vessel PCI with administration of factor IX concentrate during the procedure and during the 1‐month DAPT period. In addition, a systematic review of patients (n = 54, mean age 58 ± 10 years) with hemophilia A (n = 45, 83%) or B (n = 9, 17%) undergoing coronary angiography with or without PCI is presented.ResultsPeri‐interventional factor substitution was performed in the majority (42 of 54, 78%) but not all patients. In 38 of 54 (70%) patients undergoing coronary angiography, PCI with balloon dilation (n = 5), bare metal (n = 31), or drug‐eluting stents (n = 2) was performed. For PCI unfractioned heparin (n = 24), low molecular weight heparin (n = 2), bivalirudin (n = 4), or no periprocedural anticoagulation at all (n = 8) were used. PCI was successful in all cases. After stenting, the majority (28 of 33; 85%) was treated with DAPT (median duration 1 month). Major periprocedural bleeding episodes occurred in 3 of 54 (6%) patients. Bleeding during follow‐up occurred in 11 of 54 (20%) patients.ConclusionsCoronary angiography and PCI in patients with hemophilia are effective and safe when applying individualized measures to prevent bleeding.
Right ventricle outflow tract prestenting: In vitro testing of rigidity and corrosion properties
Authors: Cools Bjorn , Brown Stephen , Wevers Martine , Humbeeck Jan Van , Boshoff Derize , Verdonckt Cis , Gewillig Marc 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the resistance to compression (stiffness) of frequently used stents for right ventricular outflow tract prestenting. In addition, to assess the corrosion potential when different types of stent alloys come into contact with each other.MethodDifferent stents were tested in vitro in various combinations at specialized metallurgic laboratories. A bench compression test was used to assess resistance to compression of singular and joined combinations of stents. Corrosion was evaluated by standardized electrochemical galvanic tests in physiological solutions at 37°C. Single stents and combinations of stents were evaluated over a period of 4–12 weeks.ResultsRelative stiffness of the stents Optimus/Andrastent XXL/Intrastent LD Max/8zig Cheatham‐Platinum, expressed as load per length to deform the stent for 1 mm at 22 mm was 100/104/161/190. Adding additional stents to a single stent significantly strengthened the joined couples (P < 0.001). The lowest galvanic corrosion rates (about 0.000001 mm/year) were observed for the joined CP‐Andrastent, Andra‐Sapien, and Andra‐SapienXT. The corrosion rate for coupled CP‐Sapien and CP‐SapienXT was somewhat higher (about 0.000003 mm/year). The materials with the highest corrosion rates resulted in material losses of, respectively, 17 and 24 µg/year, which is negligible over a lifetime.ConclusionAdding stents to a single stent significantly increases stiffness which will reduce the risk of metal fatigue failure. Corrosion of individual stents or stent combinations occurs, but is negligible over a human lifetime with low risk of biological effects. No mechanical integrity problems are thus expected as there is only 0.3% of the initial diameter of the struts of a stent that will be lost as a consequence of corrosion after 100 years.
η1‐Arene Complexes as Intermediates in the Preparation of Molecular Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes
Authors: Esteruelas Miguel A. , Gómez‐Bautista Daniel , López Ana M. , Oñate Enrique , Tsai Jui‐Yi , Xia Chuanjun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMolecular phosphorescent heteroleptic bis‐tridentate iridium(III) emitters have been prepared via η1‐arene intermediates. In the presence of 4.0 mol of AgOTf, the complex [(IrCl{κ3‐N,C,N‐(pyC6HMe2py)})(μ‐Cl)]2 (1; pyC6H2Me2py=1,3‐di(2‐pyridyl)‐4,6‐dimethylbenzene) reacted with 9‐(6‐phenylpyridin‐2‐yl)‐9H‐carbazole (PhpyCzH) and 2‐phenoxy‐6‐phenylpyridine (PhpyOPh) to give [Ir{κ3‐N,C,N‐(pyC6HMe2py)}{κ3‐C,N,C′‐(C6H4pyCzH)}]OTf (2) and [Ir{κ3‐N,C,N‐(pyC6HMe2py)}{κ3‐C,N,C′‐(C6H4pyOPh)}]OTf (3). The X‐ray diffraction structures of 2 and 3 reveal that the carbazolyl and phenoxy substituents of the C,N,C′ ligand coordinate to the metal center to form an η1‐arene π bond. Treatment of 2 and 3 with KOtBu led to the deprotonation of the coordinated carbon atom of the η1‐arene group to afford the molecular phosphorescent [5t+4t′] heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes [Ir{κ3‐N,C,N‐(pyC6HMe2py)}{κ3‐C,N,C′‐(C6H4pyCz)}] (4) and [Ir{κ3‐N,C,N‐(pyC6HMe2py)}{κ3‐C,N,C′‐(C6H4pyOC6H4)}] (5). These complexes are green emitters that display short lifetimes and high quantum yields of 0.73 (4) and 0.87 (5) in the solid state.
Synthesis of Coordination Polymer Nanoparticles using Self‐Assembled Block Copolymers as Template
Authors: Weber Birgit 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNowadays there is a high demand in specialized functional materials, for example, for applications as sensors in biomedicine. For the realization of such applications, nanostructures and the integration in a composite matrix are indispensable. Coordination polymers and networks, for example, with spin crossover properties, are a highly promising family of switchable materials in which the switching process can be triggered by various external stimuli. An overview over different strategies for the synthesis of nanoparticles of such systems is given. A special focus is set on the use of block copolymer micelles as templates for the synthesis of nanocomposites. The block copolymer defines the final size and shape of the nanoparticle core. Additionally it allows a further functionalization of the obtained nanoparticles by variation of the polymer blocks and an easy deposition of the composite material on surfaces.
High‐Pressure Chemistry and the Mechanochemical Polymerization of [5]‐Cyclo‐p‐phenylene
Authors: Qiu Lili , Peña‐Alvarez Miriam , Taravillo Mercedes , Evans Paul J. , Darzi Evan R. , Jasti Ramesh , Burrezo P. Mayorga , López Navarrete Juan T. , Baonza Valentín G. , Casado Juan , Kertesz Miklos 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEvidence for the surprising formation of polymeric phases under high pressure for conjugated nanohoop molecules was found. This paper represents one of the unique cases, in which the molecular‐level effects of pressure in crystalline organic solids is addressed, and provides a general approach based on vibrational Raman spectroscopy combining experiments and computations. In particular, we studied the structural and supramolecular chemistry of the cyclic conjugated nanohoop molecule [5]cyclo‐para‐phenylene ([5]CPP) under high pressures up to 10 GPa experimentally and up to 20 GPa computationally. The theoretical modeling for periodic crystals predicts good agreements with the experimentally obtained Raman spectra in the molecular phase. In addition, we have discovered two stable polymeric phases that arise in the simulation. The critical pressures in the simulation are too high, but the formation of polymeric phases at high pressures provides a natural explanation for the observed irreversibility of the Raman spectra upon pressure release between 6 and 7 GPa. The geometric parameters show a deformation toward quinonoid structures at high pressures accompanied by other deformations of the [5]CPP nanohoops. The quinonoidization of the benzene rings is linked to the systematic change of the bond length alternation as a function of the pressure, providing a qualitative interpretation of the observed spectral shifts of the molecular phase.
Study of Ultrasound Propagation and Cavitation Activity in a Packing Bed of Spherical Particles
Authors: Lesnik Sergey , Mettin Robert , Brenner Gunther 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe application of ultrasonic cavitation in chemical processing is a widespread method to accelerate dissolution processes. In recycling technology, often bulk material is introduced into a reactor forming a packed bed of granular particles. Thereby, the cavitation activity at the material surfaces is of interest. In this numerical study, the packed bed is simplified by sphere packings of different arrangement and porosity. The ultrasound propagation model considers the effect of cavitation bubbles by a linearized damping ansatz. A strong sound scattering by the spheres is found for packings with low porosities, while the sphere arrangement is less important.
Haptic simulation of tissue tearing during surgery
Authors: Quesada C. , Alfaro I. , González D. , Chinesta F. , Cueto E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe present a method for the real‐time, interactive simulation of tissue tearing during laparoscopic surgery. The method is designed to work at haptic feedback rates (ie, around 1 kHz). Tissue tearing is simulated under the general framework of continuum damage mechanics. The problem is stated as a general, multidimensional parametric problem, which is solved by means of proper generalized decomposition methods. One of the main novelties is the reduction of history‐dependent problems, such as damage mechanics, by resorting to an approach in which a reduced‐order field of initial damage values is considered as a parameter of the formulation. We focus on the laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedure as a general example of the performance of the method.
Enhanced Trace Carbon Dioxide Capture on Heteroatom‐Substituted RHO Zeolites under Humid Conditions
Authors: Ke Quanli , Sun Tianjun , Wei Xiaoli , Guo Ya , Wang Shudong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBoron and copper heteroatoms were successfully incorporated into the frameworks of high‐silica RHO zeolite by adopting a bulky alkali‐metal–crown ether (AMCE) complex as the template. These heteroatom‐doped zeolites show both larger micropore surface areas and volumes than those of their aluminosilicate analogue. Proton‐type RHO zeolites were then applied for the separation of CO2/CH4/N2 mixtures, as these zeolites have weaker electric fields and, thus, lower heats of adsorption. The adsorption results showed that a balance between working capacity and adsorption heat could be achieved for these heteroatom‐doped zeolites. Ideal adsorbed solution theory predictions indicate that these zeolites should have high selectivities even for remarkably dilute sources of CO2. Finally, the heteroatom‐substituted zeolites, especially the boron‐substituted one, could be thermally regenerated rapidly at 150 °C after full hydration and maintained high regenerability for up to 30 cycles; therefore, they are potential candidates for trace CO2 removal under humid conditions.
A Green and Sustainable Route to Carbohydrate Vinyl Ethers for Accessing Bioinspired Materials with a Unique Microspherical Morphology
Authors: Rodygin Konstantin S. , Werner Irina , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSynthesizing chemicals and materials from renewable sources is one of the main aims of modern science. Carbohydrates represent excellent renewable natural raw materials that are ecofriendly, inexpensive, and biologically compatible. A green procedure has been developed for the vinylation of carbohydrates by using readily available calcium carbide. Various carbohydrates were utilized as starting materials, resulting in mono‐, di‐, and tetravinyl ethers in high to excellent yields (81–92 %). The synthesized biobased vinyl ethers were utilized as monomers in free radical and cationic polymerizations. A unique combination of a smooth surface and intrinsic microcompartments was achieved in the synthesized materials. Two types of biobased materials were prepared involving microspheres and intrinsic hollow compartments in polymers. Scanning electron microscopy with built‐in ion beam cutting was applied to reveal the spatial hierarchical structures in 3D space.
Catalytic Upgrading of Ethanol to n‐Butanol: Progress in Catalyst Development
Authors: Wu Xianyuan , Fang Geqian , Tong Yuqin , Jiang Dahao , Liang Zhe , Leng Wenhua , Liu Liu , Tu Pengxiang , Wang Hongjing , Ni Jun , Li Xiaonian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBecause n‐butanol as a fuel additive has more advantageous physicochemical properties than those of ethanol, ethanol valorization to n‐butanol through homo‐ or heterogeneous catalysis has received much attention in recent decades in both scientific and industrial fields. Recent progress in catalyst development for upgrading ethanol to n‐butanol, which involves homogeneous catalysts, such as iridium and ruthenium complexes, and heterogeneous catalysts, including metal oxides, hydroxyapatite (HAP), and, in particular, supported metal catalysts, is reviewed herein. The structure–activity relationships of catalysts and underlying reaction mechanisms are critically examined, and future research directions on the design and improvement of catalysts are also proposed.
Inbreeding depression is high in a self‐incompatible perennial herb population but absent in a self‐compatible population showing mixed mating
Authors: Voillemot Marie , Pannell John R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHigh inbreeding depression is thought to be one of the major factors preventing evolutionary transitions in hermaphroditic plants from self‐incompatibility (SI) and outcrossing toward self‐compatibility (SC) and selfing. However, when selfing does evolve, inbreeding depression can be quickly purged, allowing the evolution of complete self‐fertilization. In contrast, populations that show intermediate selfing rates (a mixed‐mating system) typically show levels of inbreeding depression similar to those in outcrossing species, suggesting that selection against inbreeding might be responsible for preventing the transition toward complete self‐fertilization. By implication, crosses among populations should reveal patterns of heterosis for mixed‐mating populations that are similar to those expected for outcrossing populations. Using hand‐pollination crosses, we compared levels of inbreeding depression and heterosis between populations ofLinaria cavanillesii(Plantaginaceae), a perennial herb showing contrasting mating systems. TheSIpopulation showed high inbreeding depression, whereas theSCpopulation displaying mixed mating showed no inbreeding depression. In contrast, we found that heterosis based on between‐population crosses was similar forSIandSCpopulations. Our results are consistent with the rapid purging of inbreeding depression in the derivedSCpopulation, despite the persistence of mixed mating. However, the maintenance of outcrossing after a transition toSCis inconsistent with the prediction that populations that have purged their inbreeding depression should evolve toward complete selfing, suggesting that the transition toSCinL. cavanillesiihas been recent.SCinL. cavanillesiithus exemplifies a situation in which the mating system is likely not at an equilibrium with inbreeding depression.