bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viral RNA–Unprimed Rig-I Restrains Stat3 Activation in the Modulation of Regulatory T Cell/Th17 Cell Balance
Authors: Yang Hui , Guo He-Zhou , Li Xian-Yang , Lin Jian , Zhang Wu , Zhao Jun-Mei , Zhang Hong-Xin , Chen Sai-Juan , Chen Zhu , Zhu Jiang 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Innate immunity activation by viral RNA–primed retinoid acid inducible gene-I (Rig-I) in CD4+ T cells antagonizes TGFβ signaling to suppress the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, how viral RNA–unliganded Rig-I (apo–Rig-I) modulates Treg generation remains unclear. In this article, we show that, in the absence of viral infection, Treg differentiation of Rig-I−/− CD4+ T cells was compromised, in the presence of increased generation of Th17 cells and overactivation of Stat3, a critical regulator tilting the Treg/Th17 cell balance. Mechanistically, apo–Rig-I physically associates with Stat3, thereby inhibiting Jak1’s association with Stat3 while facilitating Shp2’s association to inhibit p-Stat3 levels. Interestingly, inhibition of Stat3 ameliorates the Treg/Th17 imbalance and the colitis observed in Rig-I−/− mice. Collectively, these results uncover an independent functional contribution of the apo–Rig-I/Stat3 interaction in the maintenance of Treg/Th17 cell balance.
The role of a multidisciplinary team meeting in an antiretroviral treatment programme
Authors: Van deventer C , Radebe M 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Introduction
The multidisciplinary team at the wellness clinic, Potchefstroom hospital has been having regular meetings since the clinic was accredited as a treatment site for HAART. The meetings have concentrated on patients who have experienced problems on treatment. The aim was to understand and overcome barriers to adherence and any other patient related issues at the clinic.
Method. Minutes of 2006 were audited in order to acquire an understanding of the difficulties faced by patients and to investigate outcomes of corrective interventions.
Results
17% of the files could not be traced in order to obtain more information. 36% of patients had stabilized with improved or undetectable viral loads. Alcohol and work related matters played an important role in poor adherence. There were however many other factors identified
Patient education on back care
Authors: Van Eck C. 
Published: June 2017

Study Design: Clinical PerspectiveObjective: To provide back care education for patients with low back pain. Background: Understanding the internal and external forces the body issubjected to, as well as the spine’s response to these forces, can better equipphysiotherapists in educating patients with low back pain. Methods and Measures: The focus of the clinical perspective is to providephysiotherapists with clinically sound reasoning when educating patients. Results: Providing a patient handout, educating them in how to incorporate back care knowledge into their dailyactivities.Conclusion: Physiotherapists can play a significant role in empowering patients through education to take responsi-bility for their disability.
A different approach to the management of greater trochanter pain syndrome
Authors: Van Rooy J.C. 
Published: June 2017

Greater trochanter pain syndrome (GTPS), also known astrochanteric bursitis, is a regional pain syndrome that is frequently treatedby physiotherapists in private practice or out-patient departments. It is classi -fied as an overuse injury that could become chronic in nature and frequentlyco-exists with other pathologies.This case study describes the treatment of a 61-year-old female with GTPS of her left hip. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of specificsoft tissue mobilisation (SSTM) and eccentric strengthening of the Gluteus Medius (GM) muscle in treating this condition. Particular emphasis was placed on rehabilitation of lumbar spine control in order to improve proximal stability. A nother aim was to return the patient faster to her functional activitiesthan had been reported in the literature. The patient could return to her normal daily activities after four treatment sessions and was completely pain free after 12 weeks. This case study presents a different approach to the treatment of GTPS and proposes that GTPS maypresent in a similar manner to GM tendinosis. This phenomenon could therefore possibly explain the chronic nature ofthe condition.
Manual therapy treatment of lumbar radiculopathy: A single case report
Authors: Riley J.A. 
Published: June 2017

Patients with lumbar radiculopathy are often managed with manual therapy. The aim of this single case study was to describe the outcome of manual therapy treatment of a patient with lumbar radiculopathy. A 47-year-old female presented with acute, severe left buttock and postero-lateral thigh pain. Symptom provocation occurred during lumbar flexion, coughing, sneezing, driving and prolonged sitting. her left straight leg raise neurodynamic test was limited and reproduced her pain, as did trigger points in the left lumbar and gluteal muscles. clinical neuro-conduction testing revealed weakness of the big and other toe extensors, as well as eversion and plantar flexion of the left ankle, and a diminished left ankle reflex. This indicated possible involvement of both the l5 and S1 nerve roots. A manual therapy treatment approach including lumbar rotation mobilisations (Maitland approach), massage, trigger point pressure release and Transversus Abdominus muscle activation was used. The patient was symptom free, had full pain-free range of all lumbar movements, a full pain-free left straight leg raise neurodynamic test and normal neurological conduction six weeks after onset, following seven manual therapy treatments. Although the results of this case report cannot be generalised, it describes the successful outcome of a patient with severe radicular pain and neurological deficits, whose signs and symptoms had completely resolved following manual therapy treatment.
Warfarina: fatores que influenciam no índice de normatização internacional
Authors: Campanili Ticiane C. G. F. , Ayoub Andrea Cotait 
Published: June 2017

O tratamento com Warfarina reduz a capacidade de coagulação do sangue, sendo acompanhado laboratorialmente pelo tempo de protrombina expresso como no índice de normatização internacional(INR). Fatores socioeconômicos, culturais e a terapêutica podem influenciar os resultados. Objetivo: caracterizar pacientes em uso de Warfarina e identificar fatores que colaboraram para o INR permanecer fora da faixa terapêutica (INR <2,0 ou >3,0). Estudo descritivo exploratório utilizando instrumento de coleta de dados, com as variáveis: caracterização do paciente, uso da Warfarina e sua forma de utilização, hábitos alimentares, atividade física, controle do INR. Amostra foi de 38 pacientes que recebiam Warfarina há trinta dias com INR fora da faixa terapêutica. Os pacientes apresentavam hábitos alimentares inadequados, interação medicamentosa da Warfarina com antibióticos e antiarrítmicos e adesão prejudicada ao tratamento.
Influência do armazenamento e da embalagem na manutenção da esterilidade do instrumental odontológico
Authors: Serratine Ana Claudina Prudêncio , Gonçalves Claudia De Souza , Luçolli Isabelle Cassatti 
Published: June 2017

Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar o prazo de validade da esterilização de instrumental embalado e armazenado sob diversas condições. Foram confeccionados 395 corpos de prova metálicos, que após contaminação com Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433, NEWPROV) foram subdivididos em seis grupos, compostos por 65 unidades. Cada grupo foi embalado, respectivamente, com papel Kraft, crepado, grau cirúrgico com filme, papel alumínio, tecido de algodão cru duplo e tecido tipo brim. Depois de submetidos à esterilização, os pacotes foram subdivididos, permanecendo trinta de cada tipo acondicionados em caixa plástica fechada e os demais soltos no interior do mesmo armário fechado. Após períodos de 7, 15, 30, 45, 90 e 148 dias, corpos de prova contidos em cinco pacotes de cada tipo de material de embalagem e armazenamento foram inoculados em meio de cultivo e incubados à 37oC por quarenta e oito horas. Após este tempo a análise microbiológica era realizada para verificar a manutenção da esterilidade dos espécimes. Todos os corpos de prova permaneceram estéreis por até 148 dias nas condições de empacotamento e armazenamento testadas. Contudo, sugere-se que as instituições de saúde realizem investigações para validar o tempo de manutenção da esterilidade dos artigos, de acordo com sua própria rotina.
Report on 50 Cases of Severe Acute Hypotension at Donor Plasmaphereses: Treatment and Course
Authors: Evers Josef , Schreiber George B. , Taborski Uwe 
Published: June 2017

Introduction This paper reports our experience in 50 cases with severe hypotensive reactions at plasma donations (synonymous with donor plasmaphereses). Methods Plasma donors who developed a severe acute hypotensive reaction at donor plasmapheresis, and were treated by placing the donor in the Trendelenburg position and rapid infusion of 1,000 mL saline were investigated. Plasmaphereses were performed with the Haemonetics® plasma collecting system 2 (PCS2). The results were analyzed using Excel. Results We observed 50 severe hypotensive reactions in plasma donors. The average systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP) were 128/75 mmHg – and heart rates were 78 beats/min (B/M) before plasmaphereses, 83/56 mmHg – 60 B/M at the event, and after treatment 119/71 mmHg – 69 B/M at the time of discharge. The volume of collected plasma was 602 ± 240 mL including anticoagulant (AC). The time until the event was 45 ± 20 minutes. With treatment 49 ± 18 minutes after the event all plasma donors had normal blood pressures and heart rates and could safely leave the center. Conclusions Treatment by placing the donor in the Trendelenburg position and rapid infusion of 1,000 mL saline appears to be an effective procedure for resolving severe acute hypotension associated with donor plasmaphereses.
Causes and Effects of Cost Overrun on Construction Project in Bahrain: Part I (Ranking of Cost Overrun Factors and Risk Mapping)
Authors: Abusafiya Hedaya A. M. , Suliman Saad M. A. 
Published: May 2017

Cost performance is one of the basic criteria for measuring construction project success. Despite its proven importance it is not uncommon to see a construction project failing to achieve its objectives within the specified cost. The paper attempts to identify the major causes of cost overrun in Bahrain construction sector, and to assess the effect of these causes on cost overrun. A list of these causes was collected through an extensive literature review, historical construction projects records and expert opinions. In total 45 factors were short-listed to be made part of questionnaire used in a survey conducted with representatives from local contracting, consulting, and client firms. Findings are presented in form of tables that classify cost overrun factors, and their ranking. The overall results showed that frequent design changes, mistakes during construction, and schedule delay were considered as the most important factors of cost overrun causes in Bahrain construction industry.
Mineral Profile of Children’s Fast Food Menu Samples
Authors: Ruiz-de-Cenzano Manuela , Rochina-Marco Arancha , López-Salazar Óscar , Cervera Maria Luisa , de la Guardia Miguel 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Children’s fast food menus, including hamburgers served with french fries, dessert, and a soft drink, were analyzed to obtain the mineral profile of trace elements. The developed analytical methodology involved sample digestion under pressure inside a microwave oven with a mixture of HNO3 and H2O2 and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The method was validated by carrying out the analysis of certified reference materials (NIST 1570a spinach leaves, NCS ZC73016 chicken, and NIST 1568a rice flour) and using recovery experiments. Repeatability was verified by analyzing replicate samples. Twenty-six elements were studied, 12 of which—aluminum, barium, calcium, copper, iron, potassium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, strontium, and zinc—were quantitatively determined. Results were compared with other studies of fast food and children’s menus published in the literature, and the nutritional value of samples was assessed with dietary intake guidelines.
Integrating HIV and substance use services: a systematic review
Authors: Haldane Victoria , Cervero‐Liceras Francisco , Chuah Fiona LH , Ong Suan Ee , Murphy Georgina , Sigfrid Louise , Watt Nicola , Balabanova Dina , Hogarth Sue , Maimaris Will , Buse Kent , Piot Peter , McKee Martin , Perel Pablo , Legido‐Quigley Helena 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroduction: Substance use is an important risk factor for HIV, with both concentrated in certain vulnerable and marginalized populations. Although their management differs, there may be opportunities to integrate services for substance use and HIV. In this paper we systematically review evidence from studies that sought to integrate care for people living with HIV and substance use problems.Methods: Studies were included if they evaluated service integration for substance use and HIV. We searched multiple databases from inception until October 2015. Articles were screened independently by two reviewers and assessed for risk of bias.Results and discussion: 11,057 records were identified, with 7616 after removal of duplicates. After screening titles and abstracts, 51 met the inclusion criteria. Integration models were categorized by location (HIV, substance use and other facilities), level of integration from mirco (integrated care delivered to individuals) to macro (system level integrations) and degree of integration from least (screening and counselling only) to most (care for HIV, substance use and/or other illnesses at the same facility). Most reported descriptive or cohort studies; in four randomized control trials integrated activities improved patient outcomes. There is potential for integrating services at all facility types, including mobile health services. While services offering screening only can achieve synergies, there are benefits from delivering integrated treatment for HIV and substance use, including ease of referral to other mental health and social services.Conclusions: Our review used a wide range of databases and conference archives to increase representation of papers from low‐ and middle‐income countries. Limitations include the overrepresentation of studies from the United States, and the descriptive nature of the majority of papers. The evidence reviewed shows that greater integration offers important benefits in both patient and service outcomes but further research and outcome reporting is needed to better understand innovative and holistic care models at the complex intersection of substance use and HIV services.
Delivering HIV care in challenging operating environments: the MSF experience towards differentiated models of care for settings with multiple basic health care needs
Authors: Ssonko Charles , Gonzalez Lucia , Mesic Anita , da Fonseca Marcio Silveira , Achar Jay , Safar Nadia , Martin Beatriz , Wong Sidney , Casas Esther C. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroduction: Countries in the West and Central African regions struggle to offer quality HIV care at scale, despite HIV prevalence being relatively low. In these challenging operating environments, basic health care needs are multiple, systems are highly fragile and conflict disrupts health care. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) has been working to integrate HIV care in basic health services in such settings since 2000. We review the implementation of differentiated HIV care and treatment approaches in MSF‐supported programmes in South Sudan (RoSS), Central African Republic (CAR) and Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).Methods: A descriptive analysis from CAR, DRC and RoSS programmes reviewing methodology and strategies of HIV care integration between 2010 and 2015 was performed. We describe HIV care models integrated within the provision of general health care and highlight best practices and challenges.Results: Services included provision of general health care, with out‐patient care (range between countries 43,343 and 287,163 consultations/year in 2015) and in‐patient care (range 1076–16,595 in 2015). By the end of 2015 antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiations reached 12–255 patients/year. A total of 1101 and 1053 patients were on ART in CAR and DRC, respectively. In RoSS 186 patients were on ART when conflict recommenced late in 2013. While ART initiation and monitoring were mostly clinically driven in the early phase of the programmes, DRC implemented CD4 monitoring and progressively HIV viral load (VL) monitoring during study period. Attacks to health care facilities in CAR and RoSS disrupted service provision temporarily. Programmatic challenges include: competing health priorities influencing HIV care and need to integrate within general health services. Differentiated care approaches that support continuity of care in these programmes include simplification of medical protocols, multi‐month ART prescriptions, and community strategies such as ART delivery groups, contingency plans and peer support activities.Conclusions: The principles of differentiated HIV care for high‐quality ART delivery can successfully be applied in challenging operating environments. However, success heavily depends on specific adaptations to each setting.
Transformation in pretreatment manifestations of Gaucher disease type 1 during two decades of alglucerase/imiglucerase enzyme replacement therapy in the International Collaborative Gaucher Group (ICGG) Gaucher Registry
Authors: Mistry Pramod K. , Batista Julie L. , Andersson Hans C. , Balwani Manisha , Burrow Thomas Andrew , Charrow Joel , Kaplan Paige , Khan Aneal , Kishnani Priya S. , Kolodny Edwin H. , Rosenbloom Barry , Scott C. Ronald , Weinreb Neal 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study tests the hypothesis that the prevalence of severe clinical manifestations in Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) patients at the time of treatment initiation has changed since alglucerase/imiglucerase enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) was approved in the United States (US) in 1991. US alglucerase/imiglucerase‐treated GD1 patients from the International Collaborative Gaucher Group Gaucher Registry clinicaltrials.gov NCT00358943 were stratified by age at ERT initiation (<18, 18 to <50, ≥50 years), era of ERT initiation (1991‐1995, 1996‐2000, 2001‐2005, 2006‐2009), and splenectomy status pre‐ERT. Prevalence of splenectomy decreased dramatically across the eras among all age groups. Bone manifestations were more prevalent in splenectomized patients than non‐splenectomized patients in all age groups. Prevalence of bone manifestations differed across eras in certain age groups: non‐splenectomized patients had a lower prevalence of ischemic bone events (pediatric patients) and bone crisis (pediatric patients and adults 18 to <50 years) in later eras; splenectomized adult (18 to <50 years) patients had a lower prevalence of ischemic bone events and bone crisis in later eras. Over two decades after the introduction of ERT, the prevalence of splenectomy and associated skeletal complications has declined dramatically. Concomitantly, the interval between diagnosis and initiation of ERT has decreased, most strikingly in pediatric patients who have the most severe disease. Together, these findings suggest that since the introduction of alglucerase/imiglucerase ERT, optimal standard of care has become established in the US to prevent destructive complications of GD1.
The Effect of Drug Loading on Micelle Properties: Solid‐State NMR as a Tool to Gain Structural Insight
Authors: Callari Manuela , De Souza Paul L. , Rawal Aditya , Stenzel Martina H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe present study highlights the importance of understanding the structural changes of micelles induced by drug loading on their physico‐chemical properties. A block copolymer with attached fructose, which interacts with GLUT5 receptor, was used and conjugated with a low and a high amount of platinum drugs. Against expectations, the low‐loading micelle, despite having a less defined morphology and larger nanoparticle size according to TEM, displays higher cellular uptake and higher toxicity. This behaviour can only be understood when elucidating additional information on the structure of micelles. Extensive solid‐state NMR measurements were therefore employed to reveal that the drug loading affected swelling and mobility of core and shell of the micelle. The results obtained from solid‐state NMR spectroscopy could explain all the observations on this system. In summary, solid‐state NMR spectroscopy is an excellent tool to understand the effects of drug loading on the behavior of micelles.
Ultrafast Light‐Driven Substrate Expulsion from the Active Site of a Photoswitchable Catalyst
Authors: Pescher Manuel D. , van Wilderen Luuk J. G. W. , Grützner Susanne , Slavov Chavdar , Wachtveitl Josef , Hecht Stefan , Bredenbeck Jens 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe photoswitchable piperidine general base catalyst is a prototype structure for light control of catalysis. Its azobenzene moiety moves sterically shielding groups to either protect or expose the active site, thereby changing the basicity and hydrogen‐bonding affinity of the compound. The reversible switching dynamics of the catalyst is probed in the infrared spectral range by monitoring hydrogen bond (HB) formation between its active site and methanol (MeOH) as HB donor. Steady‐state infrared (IR) and ultrafast IR and UV/Vis spectroscopies are used to uncover ultrafast expulsion of MeOH from the active site within a few picoseconds. Thus, the force generated by the azobenzene moiety even in the final phase of its isomerization is sufficient to break a strong HB within 3 ps and to shut down access to the active site.
Elektronische Ursache konkurrierender Mechanismen bei der thermischen Aktivierung von Methan durch das heteronukleare Clusteroxid [Al2ZnO4].+
Authors: Zhou Shaodong , Yue Lei , Schlangen Maria , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDie thermischen Gasphasenreaktionen von [Al2ZnO4].+ mit Methan wurden mit FT‐ICR‐Massenspektrometrie und quantenchemischen Rechnungen untersucht. Zwei konkurrierende Mechanismen wurden identifiziert: eine Wasserstoffatomübertragung (hydrogen‐atom transfer, HAT) und ein protonengekoppelter Elektronentransfer (proton‐coupled electron transfer, PCET). Während die PCET‐Reaktion durch den ionischen Charakter der Metall‐Sauerstoff‐Bindung und durch die geometrische Flexibilität des Clusters beeinflusst wird, hängt der HAT‐Prozess interessanterweise von der Polarität der Übergangsstruktur ab. Im Vergleich zu den früher beschriebenen homonuklearen Oxiden [Al2O3].+ und [ZnO].+ reagiert das heteronukleare Oxid [Al2ZnO4].+ mit einer deutlich höheren Chemoselektivität mit Methan. Die elektronischen Ursachen dieses Dotierungseffekts wurden untersucht.