bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of low dose or no heparinization in cerebral angiography: A randomized controlled study (SELECT trial)
Authors: Wang Zheng , Luo Jichang , Qin Qinpu , Tang Hongyan , Yao Hui , Wang Tao , Feng Fei , Li Wei , Sun Mengmeng , Jiao Liqun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
Although systemic heparinization is a widely used technique during digital subtraction angiography (DSA), heparin is associated with a variety of complications including hemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, and hematomas. This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of microdose systemic heparinization or no heparinization on cerebral angiography for cerebrovascular diseases.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We conducted a prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study on patients who ought to be experienced cerebrovascular examination and underwent DSA. Participants were randomized into three groups: regular-dose systemic heparinization, microdose systemic heparinization, and no heparinization. Information on patient demographics, laboratory tests, perioperative complications, and back pain scores was collected. Safety endpoints were defined as cerebral ischemic events and local complications of the puncture site. Efficacy endpoints were defined as the recovery of the patients.

RESULTS:
A total of 180 patients were enrolled in the study and randomized into one of three groups. Patients were on average 54.4 ± 10.6 years old and 71.6% were male. Among the three groups, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative thrombotic or ischemic events (regular dose vs. microdose vs. no heparinization: 1.7% vs. 3.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.774). The microdose or no heparinization group; however, experienced a significantly lower rate of postoperative subcutaneous hematoma (15.0% vs. 3.3% vs. 0%, P = 0.002), as well as significantly less back pain (21.7% vs. 5.0% vs. 1.7%, P < 0.001) compared to the regular-dose heparinization group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Microdose heparinization or heparin-free cerebral angiography demonstrated similar safety to conventional heparinization but significantly reduced local complications of the puncture site and accelerated recovery.

TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT06365398.
A Case Report of Isotretinoin: Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia, A Rare Adverse Reaction
Authors: Küçük Kadir 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This is a case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) in a 21-year-old woman with acne vulgaris who was treated with isotretinoin. During treatment, her blood tests showed normal results until the third month, when there was a slight increase in eosinophil count. In the fifth month of treatment, the patient presented to the pulmonology outpatient clinic with complaints of shortness of breath. Lung CT imaging revealed infiltration in both lungs characterized by ground glass opacities. AEP was diagnosed based on blood and imaging results. Isotretinoin therapy was terminated, and oral steroids were initiated, resulting in the improvement of the patient’s symptoms. The patient had no additional risk factors except for smoking, but she had not started or resumed smoking after quitting. This case report highlights the possibility of hypersensitivity pneumonitis following isotretinoin administration.
Integrated Soil Fertility Management in Ghana: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Yeboah E. , Ampadu-Ameyaw R. , Opoku A. , Ansah-Amprofi F. , Fosu M. , Kugbe J. , Logah V. , Ewusi N. , Huising E.J. , Fening J.O. 
Published: September 2024

Soil fertility remains a challenge in Ghana and other sub-Saharan African countries. Most nutrient balances on farmers' fields are negative due to nutrient mining resulting from continuous cultivation of farmers' fields. The major farming systems in the region are characteristically lowinput and rely heavily on resident soil organic matter, which is very low due to environmental and socioeconomic factors. Ghana has one of the lowest fertiliser application rates in the sub-region as a result of the inability of farmers to afford this input. The introduction of integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) practices, which is premised on combining organic resources and inorganic fertilisers to combat soil fertility decline in combination with appropriate germplasm is being introduced as one possible technology that can reduce soil infertility. This review takes a critical look at the implementation of ISFM in Ghana with particular emphasis on challenges to adoption and implementation. Results indicate that most of the successes of this technology occurred in the northern parts of the country; however, proper implementation will require more effort to address challenges such as information flows in the value chain. The other solution is a need for a policy shift towards implementing the technology in addition to infrastructure development and the development of fertiliser markets.
Proximate, total starch,glycemic index, glycmic load and sensory analysis of fufu analogue products from maize residue
Authors: Ndulaka J.C. , Obasi N.E. , Onwuka G.I. , Esihe T.E. 
Published: September 2024

Production and evaluation of fufu analogue products from maize residue were studied.Maize residue was blended with different quantities of food binders (psyllium husk and gelatin) for the production of fufu analogue products. Standard procedures were adopted in the analysis of the proximate compositions, total starch, hydrolysis index, estimated glycemic index, glycemic loads and sensory attributes of the fufu analogue products.The fufu analogue products had moisture content values ranging from 3.03% to 8.26%, crude protein contents 1.90% to 3.03%, crude fat contents 2.89% to 4.01%, ash contents 6.59% to 7.97%, crude fibre 50.38% to 65.82% and carbohydrate 16.14% to 31.40% respectively. Starch digestibility analysis showed that the total starch of the fufu analogue products to be within the range of 20.11g/100 g to 22.13g/100g, resistant starch 11.03 to 12.10g/100g, rapidly digestible 4.30 to 4.90/100g, slowly digestible starch 2.70 to 5.11g/100g. Hydrolysis index of the fufu analogue products was found between the ranges of 1.08 to 6.32%. The fufu analogue products had estimated glycemic indices ranging from 40.30% to 43.18% and glycemic loads ranging from 6.32 to 19.34%. The sensory results of the fufu analogue showed that products made of 5-10g psyllium husk rated highest (7.00) in terms of mouldability and overall acceptability. According to the study, all of the fufu analogue products recorded low glycemic indices and medium range glycemic loads and could be classified as functional foods. The fufu analogue product with the lowest glycemic load and index was made from 10g of psyllium husk.
Effectiveness of extension services delivery on farmers’ socio-economic characteristics in Esan Southeast and Esan Central Local Government Areas of Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: S.O. Alakpa  , A.O. Ehigie  
Published: September 2024

The position of extension service(s) delivery in enhancing farmer's knowledge, skills, as well as technology dissemination cannot be overemphasized. This study was carried out in Edo state, Nigeria, with the aim of assessing the effectiveness of extension service(s) delivery on farmers’ socio-economic characteristics. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to arrive at the sample size of 300 farmers for the study. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. The data gathered were analyzed using descriptive (frequency counts, mean, percentages) and inferential (Logit regression analysis) statistics. The descriptive statistics result reveals a sex distribution of 55% males and 45% females. More than half (53.3%) of the respondents fall within the 41–50 years age group, with a mean age of 43 years. Majority (72.7%) of the respondents were married, with an average farm size of 3 hectares. Additionally, the findings show that more than half of the respondents were indifferent about extension workers discharging their duties with high level of professionalism (59.7%) and the credibility of their information source (62.0%). Based on the regression analysis, age, educational attainment and household size had a significant relationship with effectiveness of extension service delivery (P< 05). This study concludes that age, educational attainment, household size influences the effectiveness of extension service delivery. It is therefore, recommended that extension agents should be trained occasionally in order to stay current with the most recent techniques and approaches for service delivery.
Effects of poultry manure rates on growth components and forage quality of Napier grass (<i>Pennisetum purpureum</i>) in semi-arid region of Maiduguri, Nigeria
Authors: A.Y. Girgiri  , Z.M. Chana  , U.M. Kolo  , A.I. Babale  , M.B. Bislava  , T.A. Jibrin  
Published: September 2024

The study evaluated the effects of poultry manure rates on forage quality of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) at the Pasture Field Teaching and Research Farm, Department of Animal Science, University of Maiduguri. Poultry manure was composted and applied at the rates of 0, 6 and 8 t/ha designated as treatments 1, 2 and 3, respectively in a Randomized Complete Block Design. Forage was harvested at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks after sowing (WAS) and the forage dry matter yields were determined. Thereafter, growth components of plant regrowth were measured at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The chemical compositions of Napier grass were not significantly (P>0.05) different among the treatments except for ash content in T1 (0t/ha) which had a higher value (6.25%). There were significant (P<0.05) differences in some growth components of the Napier grass, with T3 (8t/ha) having a higher regrowth height in all the weeks. However, T1 was significantly (P<0.05) different in leaf length among the treatments in all the weeks. Number of leaves and leaf width varied only in 6th week while the remaining weeks were not statistically (P>0.05) different. There was no significant (P>0.05) variation in fresh and dry herbage yield of Napier grass. The response of Napier grass to poultry manure on regrowth height was significantly (P<0.05) different at 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th weeks and between the treatments. The results of this study showed that plant regrowth increases with increase in age. It was concluded that application of poultry manure up to 8t/ha had no effect on forage fresh and dry herbage yield and all chemical composition except ash content of Napier grass and its regrowth height.
Phylogenetic analysis and abundance of culturable Fungi from Tropical glaciers; Lewis Glacier, Mt. Kenya
Authors: Okello Isaac , Mbogo Kevin , Kuja Josiah 
Published: September 2024

Equatorial and tropical glaciers of Africa are mainly found on mountains summit. Due to climatic change, the receding glaciers exposes cryoconites which are ideal spots for microbial growth. Industrially important fungi are among the psychrophilic microorganism inhabiting cryoconites. In this study, the characterization and determination of the abundant fungal taxa in the tropical glaciers; Lewis glaciers Mount Kenya was done. Randomly selected cryoconite holes were mapped out across the study area by grid method, fifty samples were collected in different reagent bottles. Each sample was then serially diluted and cultured in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) mixed with a broad-spectrum antibiotic to inhibit bacterial growth. The culturable pure strains that successfully grew were twenty- three. The pure isolates were first morphologically characterized Genomic DNA was extracted using CTAB method followed by DNA quality and yield assessments using agarose gel electrophoresis and nanodrop. For the molecular identification of the isolated fungi at the species level, the extracted fungal DNA was amplified by PCR using specific internal transcribed spacer primer (ITS1/ITS4). The amplified products were sequenced, and the sequence data were trimmed using BioEdit. The trimmed sequences were then characterized and there was a total of hundred fungi species; most of which had a range of 80-100% similarity with other fungi when subjected to BLASTn. For evolutionary relationship studies, fungi species that had a percentage similarity ranging between 95-100% were downloaded from NCBI and saved in MEGA X for further diversity analysis. Nine filamentous fungal species were identified as Bjerkandera adusta, Coprinellus micaceus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Polyporales sp., Schizophyllum commune, Trametes hirsuta, Trametes polyzona, Trametes versicolor and uncultured fungi clone. The results showed that T. polyzona was the most abundant fungus revealed from all the locations. It was also noticed that our isolates were of two phyla identified as: Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. Most of the fungi belonged to Basidiomycota.
A meta-analysis of the efficacy of Buyang Huanwu decoction in the treatment of ischemic stroke
Authors: Zhang Rao , Wang Jiannan , Zhou Dongrui 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: This meta-analysis was aimed at investigating the efficacy and safety of Buyang Huanwu decoction in the management of ischaemic stroke.
Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the clinical efficacy of Buyang Huanwu decoction for ischemic stroke patients were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database and Wanfang Database. The search period was from 1 January 2010 to 31 July 2023, and the parameters evaluated included efficacy, limb motor function score, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and adverse drug reactions. Relevant data were extracted, assessed for quality, and analyzed using RevMan 5.2.
Results: The inclusion criteria were met by nine RCTs, encompassing a total of 883 participants. The meta-analysis revealed that Buyang Huanwu decoction significantly enhanced motor function recovery, reduced neurological impairment, decreased the incidence of adverse reactions, elevated ADL scores, and an overall increase in clinical effectiveness (p < 0.05). Additionally, there was a significant decrease and increase in TCM symptom scores and FMA scores respectively (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Buyang Huanwu decoction improves clinical outcomes and motor functions in patients with ischaemic stroke. It is important to expand this study to include larger sample sizes, longer followup periods, and a broader scope of literature to validate its findings.
Effect of the combination of dexmedetomidine and sufentanil after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with gallbladder diseases
Authors: Chen Yan , Liu Xiangliu , Wang Gaohua , Guo Haifeng 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine plus sufentanil on in-patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).
Methods: A total of 120 patients with gallbladder disease in Jingxian Hospital, China who were treated with LC were assigned equally to control and study cohorts. Control group received sufentanil, while study group received dexmedetomidine and sufentanil after surgery. The extent of sedation, degree of pain, and dosage of self-controlled analgesia pump drug, were evaluated within 48 h. Serum levels of stress indicators such as cortisol (Cor), norepinephrine (NE), angiotensin II (AngII), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammatory factors: interleukin-17 (IL-17), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were determined.
Results: Values of Ramsay sedation scores after surgery in study group were significantly higher than those in control group (p < 0.05). The visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were significantly lower in study group than in control group. The self-controlled analgesia pump drug dosages were significantly lower in study cohort (p < 0.05). Study cohort had lower levels of Cor, NE, AngII, TNF-α, and hs-CRP after surgery than control cohort, while SOD level was higher in study cohort than in control cohort (p < 0.05). There was a significantly lower incidence of adverse reactions in study cohort.
Conclusion: The combination of dexmedetomidine and sufentanil as postoperative analgesia in LC significantly improves sedation and analgesia, reduces sufentanil use, alleviates stress response and inflammation, and reduces adverse reactions. Future long-term and large-scale monitoring is required to further validate these findings.
Effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative arrhythmias in children undergoing direct cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation (cardiopulmonary bypass)
Authors: Zhou Dandan , Ma Chen , Dong Shi , Wang Xiaofei , Han Xiaodong 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To investigate the potential of dexmedetomidine in preventing or reducing postoperative arrhythmias in pediatric patients undergoing direct vision cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation (cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)).
Methods: 62 children undergoing elective CPB cardiac surgery in Northwest Women and Children’s Hospital, Xian, China between May 2020 and June 2023 were randomly and equally divided into study and control groups. The study group received a loading dose of 1 μg/ kg dexmedetomidine followed by continuous intravenous infusion during surgery, while control group received an equivalent volume of saline infusion during surgery. Clinical data, perioperative indices (adverse reactions and intraoperative use of vasoactive drugs), levels of lactic acid, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and postoperative arrhythmias were compared between the two groups at the end of the surgery.
Results: The study group showed significantly lower postoperative lactate and BUN levels compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in incidence of intraoperative hypotension, bradycardia, tachycardia, and vasoactive drug use between the two groups (p > 0.05). The study group showed significantly lower incidences of postoperative nausea and vomiting as well as supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias compared to control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, mean arterial pressure (MAP) at T2 and T3 was significantly lower in study group compared to control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine reduces postoperative lactate, BUN levels, incidence of postoperative supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, maintains hemodynamic stability, attenuates stress responses, preserves renal function, and decreases postoperative nausea and vomiting in pediatric CPB cardiac surgery. Large-sample multicenter clinical trials are needed for validation in further studies.
Ginsenoside R3 alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating the PPARγ/miR-103-3p pathway
Authors: Li Chenyi , Fan Danjun 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To determine the effect of ginsenoside R3 (Rg3) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the mechanism involved.
Methods: High-fat diet (HFD) was used to establish an NAFLD mouse model. The mice were daily and intraperitoneally injected with Rg3 at a dose of 1 mg/kg. Blood lipid levels and levels of liver inflammatory markers were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while liver pathological changes and lipid accumulation were assessed with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and oil red O staining, respectively. The mRNA and protein expressions of miR-103-3p and PPARγ were determined with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot assay, respectively. Furthermore, an in vitro hepatocyte NAFLD model was established, and Rg3 was used to treat the cells; PPARγ was overexpressed in the cells. Lipid accumulation, inflammatory factors, as well as PPARγ and miR-103-3p expressions were assessed as indicated for the in vivo studies above. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry.
Results: Rg3 alleviated the NAFLD-induced decreases in liver function, reversed NAFLD-mediated pathological injury in liver tissue injury, and decreased hepatic lipid build-up and inflammatory lesions (p < 0.05). It also significantly reversed the upregulation of PPARγ and miR-103-3p in the liver tissue of NAFLD mice. At the cellular level, Rg3 significantly inhibited free fatty acid (FFA)-induced lipid accumulation, apoptosis and inflammatory factors in primary mouse hepatocytes. The PPARγ overexpression counteracted the inhibitory effect of Rg3 on hepatocyte apoptosis, and increased miR103-3p expression (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: These data suggest that Rg3 mitigates NAFLD through regulation of the PPARγ/miR-103- 3p pathway. Therefore, Rg3 may be suitable for the treatment of NAFLD. However, clinical trials are required to ascertain the validity of this therapeutic strategy in clinical practice.
Assessment of organ weight changes in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with <i>Olea europaea L.</i> leaf extract
Authors: Bencheikh Dalila , Khennouf Seddik , Dahamna Saliha 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the antidiabetic activity of crude extract of Olea europaea L. (CEOE) leaves in streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats and also to determine its tannin content.
Methods: Thirty (30) male, normoglycemic Wistar rats (170 - 250 g) were randomly divided into five groups of six rats each. Group 1, which served as the normal control group, received distilled water while groups 2 and 3, were administered 200 and 600 mg/kg of CEOE extract daily for 18 days, respectively. Group 4 was given glibenclamide (Glibil; 3 mg/kg) while group 5 served as the untreated diabetic control group. Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) and rats with blood glucose levels ≥ 250 mg/dL were confirmed to be diabetic. The blood glucose concentration, water and feed intake, tannin content of CEOE as well as the weight of organs were determined.
Results: The results showed that O. europea contained a large amount of tannins (806.22 ± 0.036 μg Tannic Acid Equivalent/g Extract). Administration of the extract (200 and 600 mg/kg) significantly decreased polydipsia and polyphagia, and reversed weight loss in rats with diabetes (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) in comparison with glibenclamide.
Conclusion: The antidiabetic activity of the crude extract of O. europea was higher than that observed with glibenclamide, thus validating the folkloric use of this plant in diabetes care. Further investigation of Olea europea, including thorough chemical and pharmacological studies, are required.
Thermodynamic properties of yttrium barium copper oxide (YB<i>a</i><sub>2</sub>C<i>u</i><sub>3</sub>0<sub>7-x</sub>) superconducting quantum well
Authors: Gian O. J. , Antia A. D. , Okon I. B. , Isonguyo C. N. 
Published: September 2024

In this work, we obtained analytical bound state solution of Schrodinger wave equation and thermodynamic properties with modified Hulthen plus generalized Coulomb Potential as applied to Yttrium Barium copper oxide (YBa2Cu307-x) superconductor using parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method (NU). We obtained the energy eigenvalues for various screening parameter (α = 0.2 , 0.4 , 0.6 , 0.8 , 1.0) and the total normalized wave function expressed in terms of Jacobi polynomial. Thermodynamic properties of YBa2Cu207-x such as the vibrational mean energy U(β), vibrational heat capacity C (β), vibrational entropy S(β) and vibrational free energy F(β), were obtained using partition function. The thermodynamic wave functions and probability density plots were also obtained. Yttrium Barium copper oxide can be used on an adjustment measure to obtain necessary inherent and band gap energies for the production and manufacturing ofYBa2Cu207-x technological devices.