bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESI‐MS2 and Anti‐inflammatory Studies of Cyclopropanic Triterpenes. UPLC‐ESI‐MS and MS2 Search of Related Metabolites from Donella ubanguiensis
Authors: Sandjo Louis P. , Nascimento Marcus V.P. dos Santos , da Silva Layzon A.L. , Munhoz Antonio C.M. , Pollo Luiz A.E. , Biavatti Maique W. , Ngadjui Bonaventure T. , Opatz Till , Fröde Tania S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntroductionTriterpenes are one of the largest secondary metabolites groups spread in the plant kingdom with various skeletons. These metabolites have showed various bioactivities including anti‐inflammatory activity.ObjectiveThe study aims to explore the mass spectrometry fragmentation of donellanic acids A‐C (DA A–C), three compounds identified from Donella ubanguiensis; in addition, the fragmentation behaviour of these metabolites will serve as a fingerprint to search and characterise triterpenes congeners in fruits, bark and wood crude extracts of D. ubanguiensis. This work was prompted by the anti‐inflammatory activity on leukocyte migration, exudate concentrations and myeloperoxidase activity obtained for DA A–B.MethodologyThe bioactivity was performed on mouse model of pleurisy induced by carrageenan and the parameters were analysed by veterinarian automated cell counter and colorimetric assays. While the tandem mass analyses of DA A–C were carried out by a direct infusion ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS, the extracts were studied by UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS and UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS.ResultsDA A displayed interesting anti‐inflammatory activity by inhibiting leukocyte migration, exudate concentrations and myeloperoxidase activity (p < 0.05) while DA B was weakly active (p > 0.05). Moreover, the diagnostic of the MS2 behaviour of DA A–C in conjunction with the chromatograms and the obtained MS2 data of the crude extract led to the characterisation of three cyclopropane triterpenes (T1–T3) and six saponins (T4–T9) from the fruits, the bark, and the wood extracts.ConclusionsDonella species deserve more investigation since metabolites related to the anti‐inflammatory compound (DA A) could be identified. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Localization of π‐electron density in twisted bilayer graphene
Authors: Sedelnikova Olga V. , Bulusheva Lyubov G. , Okotrub Alexander V. 
Published: December 2016

In bilayer graphene, mutual rotation of layers has strong effect on the electronic structure. We theoretically study the distribution of electron density in twisted bilayer graphene with the rotation angle of 21.8° and find that regions with AA‐like and AB‐like stacking patterns separately contribute to the interlayer low‐energy van Hove singularities. In order to investigate the peculiarities of interlayer coupling, the charge density map between the layers is examined. The presented results reveal localization of π‐electrons between carbon atoms belonging to different graphene layers when they have AA‐like stacking environment, while the interlayer coupling is stronger within AB‐stacked regions.
Charge density map for bilayer graphene with a layer twist of 21.8° (interlayer region).magnified imageCharge density map for bilayer graphene with a layer twist of 21.8° (interlayer region).
Tissue‐specific metabolite profiling of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in the root of Macleaya cordata by combining laser microdissection with ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zuo Zi , Zheng Yajie , Liang Zhitao , Liu Yisong , Tang Qi , Liu Xiubin , Zhao Zhongzhen , Zeng Jianguo 
Published: December 2016

RationaleTissue‐specific metabolite profiling helps to find trace alkaloids masked during organ analysis, which contributes to understanding the alkaloid biosynthetic pathways in vivo and evaluating the quality of medical plants by morphology. As Macleaya cordata contains diverse types of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), the alkaloid metabolite profiling was carried out on various tissues of the root.MethodsLaser microdissection with fluorescence detection was used to recognize and dissect different tissues from the root of M. cordata. Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was applied to analyze the trace alkaloids in tissues. These detected alkaloids were elucidated using their accurate molecular weights, MS/MS data, MS fragmentation patterns and the known biosynthetic pathways of BIAs. Finally, the distribution of alkaloids in dissected tissues and whole sections was mapped.ResultsForty‐nine alkaloids were identified from five microdissected tissues, and 24 of them were detected for the first time in M. cordata. Some types of alkaloids occurred specifically in dissected tissues. More alkaloids were detected in the cork and xylem vascular bundles which emit strong fluorescence under fluorescence microscopy. Some of the screened alkaloids were intermediates in sanguinarine and chelerythrine biosynthetic pathways, and others were speculated to be involved in the new branches of biosynthetic pathways.ConclusionsThe integrated method is sensitive, specific and reliable for determining trace alkaloids, which is also a powerful tool for metabolite profiling of tissue‐specific BIAs in situ. The present findings should contribute to a better understanding of the biosynthesis of BIAs in M. cordata root and provide scientific evidence for its quality evaluation based on morphological characteristics. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hierarchical attribute‐based encryption with continuous auxiliary inputs leakage
Authors: Guo Yuyan , Li Jiguo , Zhang Yichen , Shen Jian 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe continuous auxiliary inputs leakage is more strong side‐channel attacks. In this article, we first propose a continuous auxiliary inputs leakage model for the hierarchical attribute‐based encryption scheme. Under the security model, an adversary has ability to gain partial updated master keys and updated secret keys continually by certain leakage attacks. Moreover, a resilient‐leakage hierarchical attribute‐based encryption scheme is constructed. The security proof for this scheme is provided under the standard model. Furthermore, we give the performance comparison between our scheme and relevant scheme. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi‐criteria IoT resource discovery: a comparative analysis
Authors: Nunes Luiz Henrique , Estrella Julio Cezar , Perera Charith , Reiff‐Marganiec Stephan , Botazzo Delbem Alexandre Cláudio 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe growth of real‐world objects with embedded and globally networked sensors allows to consolidate the Internet of things paradigm and increase the number of applications in the domains of ubiquitous and context‐aware computing. The merging between cloud computing and Internet of things named cloud of things will be the key to handle thousands of sensors and their data. One of the main challenges in the cloud of things is context‐aware sensor search and selection. Typically, sensors require to be searched using two or more conflicting context properties. Most of the existing work uses some kind of multi‐criteria decision analysis to perform the sensor search and selection, but does not show any concern for the quality of the selection presented by these methods. In this paper, we analyse the behaviour of the SAW, TOPSIS and VIKOR multi‐objective decision methods and their quality of selection comparing them with the Pareto‐optimality solutions. The gathered results allow to analyse and compare these algorithms regarding their behaviour, the number of optimal solutions and redundancy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Reinterpretation of Cell Transplantation: GFP Transfer From Donor to Host Photoreceptors
Authors: Ortin-Martinez Arturo , Tsai En Leh Samuel , Nickerson Philip E. , Bergeret Miriam , Lu Yao , Smiley Sheila , Comanita Lacrimioara , Wallace Valerie A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The utilization of fluorescent reporter transgenes to discriminate donor versus host cells has been a mainstay of photoreceptor transplantation research, the assumption being that the presence of reporter+ cells in outer nuclear layer (ONL) of transplant recipients represents the integration of donor photoreceptors. We previously reported that GFP+ cells in the ONL of cone-GFP transplanted retinas exhibited rod-like characteristics, raising the possibility that GFP signal in recipient tissue may not be a consequence of donor cell integration. To investigate the basis for this mismatch, we performed a series of transplantations using multiple transgenic donor and recipient models, and assessed cell identity using nuclear architecture, immunocytochemistry, and DNA prelabeling. Our results indicate that GFP+ cells in the ONL fail to exhibit hallmark elements of donor cells, including nuclear hetero/euchromatin architecture. Furthermore, GFP signal does not appear to be a consequence of classic donor/host cell fusion or transfating post-transplant, but is most likely due to material exchange between donor and host photoreceptors. This transfer can be mediated by rods and cones, is bidirectional between donor and host cells, requires viable photoreceptors, occurs preferentially at sites of outer limiting membrane disruption and can be detected in second-order retinal neurons and Müller glia. Collectively, these data warrant re-evaluation of the use of lineage tracing fluorescent reporters in transplantation studies involving the retina and other CNS tissues. Furthermore, the reinterpretation of previous functional rescue data, based on material exchange, rather than cell integration, may offer a novel approach to vision rescue.
Measuring and imaging nanomechanical motion with laser light
Authors: Barg Andreas , Tsaturyan Yeghishe , Belhage Erik , Nielsen William H. P. , Møller Christoffer B. , Schliesser Albert 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We discuss several techniques based on laser-driven interferometers and cavities to measure nanomechanical motion. With increasing complexity, they achieve sensitivities reaching from thermal displacement amplitudes, typically at the picometer scale, all the way to the quantum regime, in which radiation pressure induces motion correlated with the quantum fluctuations of the probing light. We show that an imaging modality is readily provided by scanning laser interferometry, reaching a sensitivity on the order of

$$10\, {\mathrm {fm/Hz^{1/2}}}$$

10

fm
/

Hz

1
/
2

, and a transverse resolution down to

$$2\,\upmu {\hbox {m}}$$

2

μ
m

. We compare this approach with a less versatile, but faster (single-shot) dark-field imaging technique.
Fall Composition of Storage Lipids is Associated with the Overwintering Strategy of Daphnia
Authors: Mariash Heather L. , Cusson Mathieu , Rautio Milla 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDiapause, which occurs through the production of dormant eggs, is a strategy used by some zooplankton to avoid winter months of persistent low temperatures and low food availability. However, reports of active zooplankton under the ice indicate that other strategies also exist. This study was aimed at evaluating whether the composition of storage lipids in the fall differs between diapausing and active overwintering Daphnia. We assessed the quantity of storage lipids and fatty acid (FA) composition of Daphnia species, along with FA content of seston, in six boreal, alpine and subarctic lakes at the onset of winter, and evaluated the association between storage lipids and Daphnia overwintering strategy. We found that active overwintering Daphnia had >55% body fat and the highest FA concentrations. Polyunsaturated FA, especially stearidonic acid (18:4n‐3; SDA) and high ratios of n‐3:n‐6, were preferentially retained to a greater extent in active overwintering Daphnia than in those that entered diapause. Daphnia FA composition was independent of that of the seston diet, indicating that Daphnia adjusted their storage lipids according to the physiological requirements of a given overwintering strategy. The occurrence of an active overwintering strategy has consequences for zooplankton community structure, and can have important implications for the transfer of high‐quality energy at higher trophic levels.
Paraphilic Sexual Offenders Do Not Differ from Control Subjects with Respect to Dopamine- and Serotonin-Related Genetic Polymorphisms
Authors: Jakubczyk Andrzej , Krasowska Aleksandra , Bugaj Marcin , Kopera Maciej , Klimkiewicz Anna , Łoczewska Agata , Michalska Aneta , Majewska Aleksandra , Szejko Natalia , Podgórska Anna , Sołowiej Małgorzata , Markuszewski Leszek , Jakima Sławomir , Płoski Rafał , Brower Kirk , Wojnar Marcin 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Rape and pedophilic child molestation are the most commonly convicted sexual offenses in Poland. Recent studies have suggested a possible genetic contribution toward pathologic sexual interests and behaviors.

Aim
To analyze and compare functional polymorphisms of genes associated with the activity of the serotonin and dopamine systems in a group of paraphilic sexual offenders and control subjects.

Methods
The study sample (n = 97) consisted of two groups: paraphilic sexual offenders (65 pedophilic child molesters and 32 rapists) and controls (n = 76). Genetic polymorphisms previously associated with behavioral control, addictive behaviors, and sexual functions were chosen for analyses. Specifically, functional polymorphisms in dopamine receptors genes (DRD1, DRD2, DRD4), catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT), dopamine transporter gene (DAT), serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), serotonin type 2A receptor gene (5HTR2A), tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene (TPH2), monoamine oxidase A gene (MAOA), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) were analyzed.

Main Outcome Measures
An association between a history of sexual offense and the distribution of genotypes and alleles in the analyzed polymorphisms.

Results
Our results found no association between a history of sexual offense and the distribution of genotypes or alleles in the analyzed polymorphisms.

Conclusion
Although these results are limited by the small sample and are exploratory, they highlight a novel approach to sample selection in a population that is difficult to access and study. Future research should include larger samples and other relevant polymorphisms to advance this field of study.
Operation Canine Lifeline: Recommendations for Enhancing Prehospital Care for Government Working Dogs
Authors: Corse Teija , Firth Chelsea , Burke John , Schor Kenneth , Koterski James F. , McGraw Sabrina , Vincent-Johnson Nancy , Gordon Lori 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOperation Canine Lifeline was a tabletop exercise developed by students and faculty of Boston University School of Medicine’s Healthcare Emergency Management master’s program. The tabletop exercise led to discussion on current protocols for canines working in the field, what occurs if a canine encounters a toxin in the field, and what to do in situations of national security that require working with civilian agencies. This discussion led to the creation of a set of recommendations around providing prehospital veterinary care to government working dogs. The recommendations include a government-run veterinary toxicology hotline for the sole use of the government, issuing handlers deployment kits and preprogrammed smartphones that contain information on the care practices for dogs, and an increased effort for civilian integration, through local emergency medical services, in the emergency care of government canines. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:15–20)
ON THE EPISTEMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF EVIDENCE YOU SHOULD HAVE HAD
Authors: Goldberg Sanford C. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTElsewhere I and others have argued that evidence one should have had can bear on the justification of one's belief, in the form ofdefeating one's justification. In this paper, I am interested in knowing how evidence one should have had (on the one hand) and one's higher-order evidence (on the other) interact in determinations of the justification of belief. In doing so I aim to address two types of scenario that previous discussions have left open. In one type of scenario, there is a clash between a subject's higher-order evidence and the evidence she should have had: S's higher-order evidence ismisleadingas to the existence or likely epistemic bearing of further evidence she should have. In the other, while there is further evidence S should have had, this evidence would only have offeredadditional supportfor S's belief that p. The picture I offer derives from two “epistemic ceiling” principles linking evidence to justification: one's justification for the belief that p can beno higherthan it is on one's total evidence, nor can it be higher than what it would have been had one had all of the evidence one should have had. Together, these two principles entail what I call the doctrine ofEpistemic Strict Liability: insofar as one fails to have evidence one should have had, one is epistemically answerable to that evidencewhatever reasons one happened to have regarding the likely epistemic bearing of that evidence. I suggest that such a position can account for the battery of intuitions elicited in the full range of cases I will be considering.
DELIBERATION WELCOMES PREDICTION
Authors: Hájek Alan 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTAccording to the so-called ‘deliberation crowds out prediction’ thesis, while deliberating about what you'll do, you cannot rationally have credences for what you'll do – you cannot rationally have option-credences. Versions of the thesis have been defended by authors such as Spohn, Levi, Gilboa, Price, Louise, and others. After registering a number of concerns about the thesis, I rehearse and rebut many of the main arguments for it, grouped according to their main themes: agency, vacuity, betting, and decision-theoretical considerations. I go on to suggest many possible theoretical roles for option-credences.I locate the debate about the thesis in a broader discussion: Are there rational credence gaps – propositions to which one cannot rationally assign credences? If there are, they spell trouble for various foundations of Bayesian epistemology, including the usual ratio formula for conditional probability, conditionalization, decision theory, and independence. According to the thesis, credence gaps are completely mundane; they arise every time someone rationally deliberates. But these foundations are safe from any threat here, I contend, since the thesis is false. Deliberation welcomes prediction.
INDEPENDENCE AND NEW WAYS TO REMAIN STEADFAST IN THE FACE OF DISAGREEMENT
Authors: Moon Andrew 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTAn important principle in the epistemology of disagreement isIndependence, which states, “In evaluating the epistemic credentials of another's expressed belief about P, in order to determine how (or whether) to modify my own belief about P, I should do so in a way that doesn't rely on the reasoning behind my initial belief about P” (Christensen 2011: 1–2). I present a series of new counterexamples to both Independence and also a revised, more widely applicable, version of it. I then formulate and endorse a third version of Independence that avoids those counterexamples. Lastly, I show how this third version of Independence reveals two new ways one may remain steadfast in the face of two real life disagreements: one about God's existence and one about moral realism.
Validation of ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Codes for Surgical Site Infection and Noninfectious Wound Complications After Mastectomy
Authors: Olsen Margaret A. , Ball Kelly E. , Nickel Katelin B. , Wallace Anna E. , Fraser Victoria J. 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUNDFew studies have validated ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes for surgical site infection (SSI), and none have validated coding for noninfectious wound complications after mastectomy.OBJECTIVESTo determine the accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis codes in health insurer claims data to identify SSI and noninfectious wound complications, including hematoma, seroma, fat and tissue necrosis, and dehiscence, after mastectomy.METHODSWe reviewed medical records for 275 randomly selected women who were coded in the claims data for mastectomy with or without immediate breast reconstruction and had an ICD-9-CM diagnosis code for a wound complication within 180 days after surgery. We calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) to evaluate the accuracy of diagnosis codes in identifying specific wound complications and the PPV to determine the accuracy of coding for the breast surgical procedure.RESULTSThe PPV for SSI was 57.5%, or 68.9% if cellulitis-alone was considered an SSI, while the PPV for cellulitis was 82.2%. The PPVs of individual noninfectious wound complications ranged from 47.8% for fat necrosis to 94.9% for seroma and 96.6% for hematoma. The PPVs for mastectomy, implant, and autologous flap reconstruction were uniformly high (97.5%–99.2%).CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that claims data can be used to compare rates of infectious and noninfectious wound complications after mastectomy across facilities, even though PPVs vary by specific type of postoperative complication. The accuracy of coding was highest for cellulitis, hematoma, and seroma, and a composite group of noninfectious complications (fat necrosis, tissue necrosis, or dehiscence).Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:334–339
High resolution (1 km) positive degree-day modelling of Greenland ice sheet surface mass balance, 1870–2012 using reanalysis data
Authors: WILTON DAVID J. , JOWETT AMY , HANNA EDWARD , BIGG GRANT R. , VAN DEN BROEKE MICHIEL R. , FETTWEIS XAVIER , HUYBRECHTS PHILIPPE 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTWe show results from a positive degree-day (PDD) model of Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) surface mass balance (SMB), 1870–2012, forced with reanalysis data. The model includes an improved daily temperature parameterization as compared with a previous version and is run at 1 km rather than 5 km resolution. The improvements lead overall to higher SMB with the same forcing data. We also compare our model with results from two regional climate models (RCMs). While there is good qualitative agreement between our PDD model and the RCMs, it usually results in lower precipitation and lower runoff but approximately equivalent SMB: mean 1979–2012 SMB (± standard deviation), in Gt a−1, is 382 ± 78 in the PDD model, compared with 379 ± 101 and 425 ± 90 for the RCMs. Comparison with in situ SMB observations suggests that the RCMs may be more accurate than PDD at local level, in some areas, although the latter generally compares well. Dividing the GrIS into seven drainage basins we show that SMB has decreased sharply in all regions since 2000. Finally we show correlation between runoff close to two calving glaciers and either calving front retreat or calving flux, this being most noticeable from the mid-1990s.
Properties of latent variable network models
Authors: RASTELLI RICCARDO , FRIEL NIAL , RAFTERY ADRIAN E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe derive properties of latent variable models for networks, a broad class of models that includes the widely used latent position models. We characterize several features of interest, with particular focus on the degree distribution, clustering coefficient, average path length, and degree correlations. We introduce the Gaussian latent position model, and derive analytic expressions and asymptotic approximations for its network properties. We pay particular attention to one special case, the Gaussian latent position model with random effects, and show that it can represent the heavy-tailed degree distributions, positive asymptotic clustering coefficients, and small-world behaviors that often occur in observed social networks. Finally, we illustrate the ability of the models to capture important features of real networks through several well-known datasets.