bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A six-year longitudinal population-based cohort for the extended psychosis phenotype: An epidemiological study of the gene-environment interactions (TürkSch)
Authors: Alptekin K. , Binbay T. , Kırlı U. , Elbi H. , Kayahan B. , Onay H. , Özkınay F. , van Os J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionBoth genetic and environmental factors play a role in the extended psychosis phenotype which covers psychotic experiences, symptoms and disorders.ObjectivesThe respective contributions of genetic and environmental factors over time remain largely unknown.AimsTo describe the objectives and design of a multistage study.MethodsThe TürkSch (Izmir mental health survey for gene-environment interaction in psychoses) is a prospective-longitudinal study consisted of several data collection stages to screen extended psychosis phenotype in a general population sample, and to assess individual, familial, genetic and neighbourhood level variables.ResultsThe study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychotic experiences and symptoms in Izmir-Turkey (stage I, cross-sectional; n: 4011), the socioeconomic deprivation and the social capital of neighbourhoods in a separate sample (stage II, cross-sectional; n: 5124) in 2008. A nested case-control study (stage III) recruited individuals with psychotic outcomes and healthy controls from stage I, and included blood sampling for gene-environment interaction and clinical reappraisal as well. After 6 years, follow-up study (stage IV) was set to assess the mental health outcomes with a focus on extended psychosis phenotype, environmental exposures of the eligiable sample (n: 2192) from the stage I, and to collect blood samples for further genetic analysis. On both stages, Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used by clinically trained interviewers, and was able to provide broad assessment of psychotic experiences, experience-related disabilities, help-seeking and health care utilization.ConclusionsThe TürkSch has a unique study design and yields data of high quality in the Turkish population, with a specific focus on psychosis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Portuguese validation of the Version of the Regret Scale
Authors: Borges D. , Pereira A.T. , Borges J. , Cabral A.S. , Xavier S. , Macedo A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionRegret is defined as an aversive negative emotion associated to specific cognitive contents, felt when we consider that our current situation could be better, if we had taken a different decision (Zeelenberg and Pieters 1997). Regret Scale/RS corresponds to the regret-trait dimension of Regret and Maximization Scale developed by Schwartz et al. (2002).ObjectiveTo investigate the psychometric properties of the RS Portuguese version.MethodsA community sample composed of 108 university students and 79 employees (78.1% females; mean age = 33.16 ± 13.175; range: 17-62) answered the Portuguese preliminary versions of the RS and Bedtime Counterfactual Processing Questionnaire (BCPQ) and also the Profile of Mood States to evaluate Negative Affect/NA. To study the temporal stability, 31 participants (83.9% females; mean age = 26.54 ± 18.761) answered the RAFS again after 6 weeks.ResultsThe EA Cronbach alpha was “very good” (a = 0.72). All the items contributed to the internal consistency. The test-retest correlation coefficient was high, positive and significant (0.72; P < 0.001). Following Kaiser and Cattel Scree Plot criteria, only one factor was extracted, meaning that the scale is unidimensional. Pearson correlations of EA and BCPQ2 and NA were significant and high (r@.50).ConclusionsThe Portuguese version of RS has good reliability and validity. It could be very useful both in clinical and research contexts, namely in an ongoing project on the relationship between regret, personality and psychological distress.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A multicentric study on cognitive functions in a large sample of patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected first-degree relatives
Authors: Chieffi M. , Mucci A. , Rossi A. , Rocca P. , Bertolino A. , Galderisi S. , Maj M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionNeurocognition may represent an indicator of genetic risk and poor outcome in schizophrenia patients (SCZ) predicting real life functioning.ObjectivesAs cognitive performance of unaffected first-degree relatives (UR) is intermediate between SCZ and healthy controls (HC), neurocognitive impairment may represent a marker of vulnerability to schizophrenia.AimsTo investigate social and neurocognition in all subjects and their impact on functional capacity of patients as markers of vulnerability.MethodsSample: 922 SCZ, 379 UR and 780 HC. Assessment: MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (neurocognition), Facial Emotion Identification Test and Awareness of Social Inference Test (social cognition) and Specific Level of Functioning Scale (social functioning). Analyses: Structural Equation Model (SEM) analyses to model the impact of all variables on functional outcome.ResultsSCZ scored worse in all domains than UR and HC. UR had significant impairments in all cognitive domains with respect to HC. Cognitive functioning had direct and indirect impacts on functional outcome mainly through social cognition and functional capacity. Social cognition had a direct impact on outcome, independent of neurocognition.ConclusionSCZ and UR display similar patterns of social and neurocognition deficits. Our results confirm a strong impact of neurocogniton on functional outcome. Social cognition has become an interesting object of study and its conceptualization as trait variable and the existence of a continuum between SCZ and UR are hypotheses for further research.AcknowledgementsThe study was carried out within the project “Multicenter study on factors influencing real-life social functioning of people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia” of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Validation of the remission criteria in a Chinese population with chronic schizophrenia
Authors: Chou Y.H. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundA consensus definition of symptomatic remission in schizophrenia was recently established based on a fixed threshold for symptom severity and a time component. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical relevance of this definition in a Chinese population and find the predictors of symptomatic remission, functional outcome and cognition.MethodsSeventy-five schizophrenic patients were recruited within a period of 2 years. All patients need to prospectively be followed up in an outpatient clinic for at least 6 months. During this period, it was not allowed to adjust their medications. Three different definitions of symptomatic remission included the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group (RSWG), clinical global impression (CGI) and brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) was evaluated. In addition, the function and cognition was assessed as the measured outcomes. The prediction model of outcomes measurement was used for statistic analysis.ResultsThe cumulative percentage of achieving remission criteria among three different definitions of symptomatic remission was 52% in RSWG criteria, 63% in CGI and 65% in BPRS, respectively. In comparison of remitted and non-remitted groups, there were significant differences in sex, education, function and cognition in terms of RSWG definition but not in CGI and BPRS. Female gender and education were two factors for predicting symptomatic remission and function, whereas body mass index and education were two factors for prediction of better cognition.ConclusionsOur study indicates that the definition of RSWG was more clinical relevant compared with CGI and BPRS in Chinese schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Reduction of negative social attributions towards people with mental illness through a combination of treatments
Authors: Vaquero C. , Cebollero M. , Escudero M.Á. , Saiz J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionStigma towards people with mental illness can have very negative consequences for the persons that experience it. So, it becomes strongly necessary to combat this problem.Objectives/AimsEvaluate the effectiveness of multiple interventions to reduce stigma against mental illness in a group of high school students.MethodsQuasi-experimental study. Seventy-six students between 16 to 19 years old from 3 schools of southern Madrid State participated. No significant differences in age and gender between groups were found. The quasi-control group was obtained from 3 different classrooms (1 in each school). This group did not go through any treatment. The experimental group had 2 treatments. Treatment “A” consisted in 1 psychoeducation session. Treatment “B” was 1 visit (real or virtual) to the Thyssen-Bornemisza museum. Persons exercising as museum guides had been diagnosed with mental illness. They already were participants in the PCEA program of the CRPS Latina. The instrument to assess stigma was the AQ-27, validated in Spanish.ResultsWe found significant reductions of stigma in all dimensions explored: Anger (A vs BC; P < 0.001), Threat (A vs BC; P < 0.001), Fear (A vs BC; P < 0.001), Coercion (A vs BC; P < 0.001) Segregation (A vs BC; P < 0.001) and Avoidance (A vs BC; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe combination of treatments for intervention on stigma in samples of school students seems to be a very effective option to reduce stigma.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Relation between EEG source functional connectivity and the negative symptom severity in schizophrenia: a preliminary report from a multicentre study
Authors: Di Lorenzo G. , Mucci A. , Daverio A. , Ferrentino F. , Vignapiano A. , Marasco D. , Niolu C. , Altamura M. , Galderisi S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionNeural dysconnectivity is hypothesized to be a key element in pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, the relation of disordered connectivity with the different clinical characteristics of the syndrome is not fully elucidated.ObjectivesThe current research investigated the relations between resting-state EEG Source Functional Connectivity (EEG-SFC) and the two main clusters of negative symptoms derived from the Brief Negative Symptom Scale, the Expressive Deficit (ED) and the Avolition (AV), in subjects with schizophrenia (SCZ) enrolled to the multicentre study of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses.MethodsOut of 97 chronic, stabilized SCZ included, we selected subjects according the lower and the upper quartile of the ED and AV value distribution: 25 were in upper and 24 in the lower quartile of ED (respectively, HIGH-ED and LOW-ED); 27 were in upper and 24 in the lower quartile of AV (respectively, HIGH-AV and LOW-AV). Fifty-five healthy controls (HC) were included, comparable to SCZ for gender, age and educational level. EEG-SFC analysis was based on the lagged phase synchronization (LPS) computed by eLORETA from 5 minutes resting-state EEG recordings in eyes closed condition. LPS indices were determined for each spectrum band and between all 28 regions of interest (ROI) pairs. Group differences were significant for corrected P-value < 0.05.ResultsSCZ had higher theta band LPS than HC. Respect to LOW-ED, HIGH-ED showed significant increased alpha LPS in fronto-cingulate, para-hippocampal and insular inter-hemispheric ROI pairs. No significant difference emerged between HIGH-AV and LOW-AV.ConclusionsSubgrouping SCZ according to negative symptom severity reveals heterogeneous patterns of resting-state LPS connectivity.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Exploration of the link between clinical judgments and subjective perceptions of clinical change in patients treated for schizophrenia
Authors: Egger S. , Vetter S. , Prinz S. , Weniger G. , Müller M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSubjective perceptions of clinical change in patients with schizophrenia are often not congruent to the objective evidence of the same, especially since a lack of insight is part of the symptomatology. However, the exploration of the relationship between clinical judgments from mental health experts and the patients’ perception of symptom change is fairly understudied.Aims and objectivesThis study aimed to investigate the performance of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) as a tool for clinical outcome monitoring in schizophrenia in concordance with the change of self-reported psychopathology assessed with the Frankfurt Complaint Questionnaire (FCQ) in patients with a schizophrenia.MethodsA consecutive sample of patients admitted to a Swiss psychiatric hospital for schizophrenia was assessed with the FCQ at admission and discharge. The PANSS was rated by the responsible clinicians at admission and discharge. Complete data of admission and discharge were available from approximately 60 cases. Reliable change index (RCI) was calculated to determine a clinically meaningful change based on the PANSS scores. Logistic regression models were conducted to explore the link between RCI levels and the change of self-reported perceptions of psychopathology.Results and xonclusionsOur study found no relationship between the change of PANSS and FCQ from admission to discharge in a sample of patients treated for schizophrenia. Therefore, our findings provide evidence for a large discrepancy between the observed clinical severity and the subjective perception of symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Clinical and functional outcomes of patients with severe schizophrenia undergoing comprehensive treatment: A 6-year follow-up
Authors: Fernandez-Miranda J.J. , Diaz-Fernandez S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionTo increase treatment compliance and consequently to reach clinical and rehabilitation goals in people with schizophrenia is a main challenge in their treatment.Objectives and aimsTo know the retention in treatment (and reasons for discharge) of people with severe schizophrenia enrolled in a specific, intensive, comprehensive and community programme for them; and also to know treatment (clinical and functional) outcomes.MethodsA 6-year prospective, observational study of patients with severe schizophrenia (ICD 10: F 20; CGI-S ≥ 5) undergoing specific severe mental illness programme (n = 200). Assessment included the Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale (CGI-S), the Camberwell Assessment of Needs (CAN) and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO-DAS). Time in treatment and reasons of discharge were measured. Laboratory tests, weight and medications were reported. Hospital admissions were measured.ResultsCGI at baseline was 5.86 ± 0.7. After 6 years 48% of patients continued under treatment (CGI = 4.31 ± 0.8; P < 0.01); 31% were medical discharged (CGI = 3.62 ± 1.6; P < 0.001); DAS decreased in the four areas (P < 0.01) and also CAN (P < 0.01); 7% had moved to other places; 8% were voluntary discharges. Eight patients dead; three of them committed suicide. Forty-five percent of all of them were treated with atypical long-acting antipsychotics, with good tolerability. There were significantly less hospital admissions than during the previous 6 years (P < 0.001).ConclusionsRetention of severe mentally ill patients with schizophrenia in a specific and intensive care programme was really high; and seemed to help getting in remarkable clinical and functional improvement. Long-acting medication also seemed to be useful on improving treatment adherence, mainly due to their good tolerability.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Paliperidone palmitate log-acting injection in patients with psychotic active clinic: start, change or increase of dose
Authors: Gonzalez Galdamez A.L. , Piqueras Acevedo M.D. , Raposo Hernández M.R. , Martínez Pérez I. , Manzur Rojas P. , Gil Sánchez A. , Belmar Simo A. , Busaileh Salas A. , González Jiménez F. , Sánchez Marín R. , Gómez Bravo S. , García Briñol C.J. , Rodriguez Hernandez A. 
Published: May 2016

The aim is to describe the experience of treatment with Paliperidone Palmitate long acting injection (PP) in patients with psychotic active clinic, whether diagnoses with schizophrenia or in patients with the first episode psychosis, as well as to reflect the improvement in the control of the symptoms that the patients can improve increasing the dose.MethodsWe have done a descriptive study of 34 patients hospitalized in psychiatry between January and July 2015 for psychotic active clinic who started treatment with PP or the previous dose was increased.Results91.2% of patients admitted for acute exacerbation of their usual pathology and 8.8% for a first episode psychosis. In the CGI scale, all the patients admitted scored as severe or markedly ill; going mostly mildly ill at discharge. For 55.9% of patients, the treatment was changed to PP, 29.4% of the dose was increased PP and 14.7% antipsychotic treatment was started with PP. Among patients change treatment, the main reason was non-adherence (47.4%). 70.6% of our patients were discharged with PP as only antipsychotic and 29.4% which was discharged with another antipsychotic, the most frequent association was of PP with Quetiapine (80%).ConclusionsPP is a highly effective medicament in the treatment of the schizophrenia that improves the adherence to the treatment, so in our experience and we consider it a medicament to be considered in the early stages of the disease. According to our experience and there are patients who can benefit from better control of symptoms adjusting the dose individually.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Coping strategies and quality of life in schizophrenia outpatients treated by Psychopharmacs - cross-sectional study
Authors: Holubova M. , Prasko J. , Hruby R. , Kamaradova D. , Ociskova M. , Latalova K. , Grambal A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe modern psychiatric view of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and their treatment has led to an increasing focus on coping strategies and quality of life of these patients.ObjectivesUnderstanding the relationship between quality of life and coping strategies can help in finding those coping strategies that enhance the quality of life. It is important to study the inner experience and striving of patients because of connection with well-being and treatment adherence.Aims:In the present study, the authors examined the relationship between demographic data, the severity of symptoms, coping strategies, and quality of life in psychotic outpatients.MethodsPsychiatric outpatients who met ICD-10 criteria for a psychotic disorder (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or delusional disorder) were recruited in the study. Questionnaires measuring the coping strategies (SVF-78), the quality of life (Q-LES-Q), and symptoms severity (objective and subjective clinical global impression–objCGI; subjCGI) were assessed. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis.ResultsOne hundred and nine psychotic outpatients were included in the study. The QoL was significantly related to the Positive and Negative coping strategies. The severity of disorder highly negatively correlated with the QoL score. Stepwise regression analysis showed that symptoms severity (subjCGI), Positive coping strategies (especially Positive Self-instruction), Difference between the objCGI and subjCGI and Negative coping strategies explain totally 53.8% of variance of the QoL (Tables 1–3).Table 1Description of the sample, demographic and clinical data. Table 2Description of using coping strategies and quality of life in schizophrenic outpatients. Average use of coping 40-60 T-score, more than 60 overusing, less than 40 reduced use of coping strategy.Table 3Correlations between quality of life and coping strategies. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.ConclusionsOur study suggests the importance of utilizing the Positive coping strategies in improving the quality of life in patients with psychotic disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Self-stigma and quality of life in Psychopharmacs treated outpatients with schizophrenia and related disorders - A cross-sectional study
Authors: Holubova M. , Prasko J. , Latalova K. , Ociskova M. , Grambal A. , Kamaradova D. , Vrbova K. , Hruby R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSelf-stigma is a maladaptive psychosocial phenomenon that can disturb self-image and quality of life in psychiatric outpatients and may lead to dysphoria, social isolation and reduced adherence to treatment.ObjectivesSelf-stigma and QoL could be reflected as important factors for patients, who suffer from schizophrenia spectrum disorders, their caregivers and mental health specialists. Focus on reducing the self-stigma in supportive and educational therapy could be an important factor in promoting a higher QoL.AimsCurrent research moved attention to the relationship between demographic data, the severity of symptoms, self-stigma and quality of life in schizophrenic outpatients compared to the QoL in healthy controls.MethodsPatients who met ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia spectrum disorder were recruited in the study. The Quality of Life Satisfaction and Enjoyment questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) and severity of the disorder measured by objective and subjective Clinical Global Impression severity scales (CGI) were assessed.ResultsOne hundred and nine psychotic patients and 91 healthy controls participated in the study. Compared to the control group, there was a lower QoL and a higher score of self-stigma in psychotic patients. We found the correlation between the self-stigma, duration of disorder and QoL. The level of self-stigma correlated positively with total symptom severity score and negatively with the QoL. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that the objective severity and self-stigma score were significantly associated with the quality of life (Figure 2 and 3, Fig. 1).ConclusionsOur study suggests a negative impact of self-stigma level on the quality of life in patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.