bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE UNCERTAIN IMPACT OF ANGLO/LATINO CONTACT ON ANGLOS’ IMMIGRATION POLICY VIEWS
Authors: Taylor Marylee C. , Krysan Maria , Hall Matthew 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis project draws on psychological and sociological social psychology to investigate immigration policy opinions among native-born non-Hispanic Whites. Using data from a suburban Chicago-area county that has seen substantial growth in the Latino immigrant population, we examine Anglos’ opinions on three dimensions of immigration policy: preferred immigration rate, resistance to immigration, and assistance for immigrants. Our central hypothesis is that liberalizing effects of Anglo/Latino interpersonal contact are conditioned on Anglos’ recognition of hardships and barriers faced by Latinos. Five of the six interaction effects we estimated were highly significant: Personal contact with Latinos does promote more positive, progressive immigration policy opinions, but only among some Anglos—those who were acquainted with immigrants who had run afoul of immigration law or believed there is substantial local discrimination against Latinos. The results are reminiscent of James Kluegel’s (1985) analysis of White Americans’ views about affirmative action: “If there isn’t a problem, you don’t need a solution.” Affirmation of local anti-Latino discrimination was the stronger moderator of contact effects and also showed main effects on immigration policy opinion stronger than the effects of interpersonal contact. Denial of anti-Latino discrimination may be a means used by Anglos to defend their group position.
A Kantian system of constitutional justice: Rights, trusteeship, balancing
Authors: SWEET ALEC STONE , PALMER ERIC 
Published: November 2017

Abstract:The article develops a Kantian account of constitutional justice: the explication of those structural features of a legal system whose purpose is to optimise a polity’s capacity to achieve a Rightful condition. The People, in enacting a rights-based constitution, have placed their freedom in trust. Rights ground a system of reciprocal freedom among individuals, while conferring on officials the authority to make and enforce law, subject to constraints laid down by the Universal Principle of Right [UPR]. A constitutional court, the trustee of the regime, supervises the rights-regarding acts of all other officials, assesses the reasons officials give when they take decisions that burden rights, and invalidates those acts when reasons given to justify such burdens fail to meet the demands of the UPR. Although some rights will be expressed in absolute terms, most will be qualified by a limitation clause. In adjudicating qualified rights, the court can do no better than to adopt the proportionality principle. The UPR, operationalised through proportionality analysis, lays down a basic criterion for the legitimacy of all law. Because Public, International, and Cosmopolitan Right share certain micro-foundations in common, we can extend the analysis to transnational systems of rights protection.
Smoking Abstinence Twelve Months after an Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Rocha Vânia , Guerra Marina P. , Lemos Marina S. , Maciel Júlia , Williams Geoffrey C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractStudies on the cognitive working mechanism of smoking cessation in high-risk populations are few and much needed, and identifying long-term psychosocial factors to smoking cessation are relevant to improve intervention for cardiac patient groups. This longitudinal study followed patients who smoked and suffered an acute coronary syndrome from hospitalization to 12 months after clinical discharge. Questionnaires were administered to assess nicotine dependence, behavioral dependence, autonomous self-regulation, perceived competence, social support, anxiety, depressive symptoms and meaning in life at baseline, six months and twelve months after clinical discharge. The results showed that anxiety (F(2, 62) = 28.10, p < .001, ηp2 = .48) and depressive symptoms (F(2, 62) = 10.42, p < .001, ηp2 = .25) decreased over time, whereas meaning in life (F(2, 61) = 44.77, p < .001, ηp2 = .59) and social support increased (t(63) = –4.54, p < .001, 95% IC[–11.05, 4.29], η2 =.25). Smoking dependence was negatively predicted by change in perceived competence (B = –2.25, p = .011, 95% IC[.02, .60]) and positively by change in depressive symptoms (B =.37, p = .042, 95% IC[1.01, 2.05]) 12 months after clinical discharge. Nicotine dependence (t(17) = 2.76, p = .014, 95% IC[.39, 2.94], η2 =.31) and the number of cigarettes smoked per day (t(17) = 4.48, p < .001, 95% IC[5.49, 15.29], η2 =.54) decreased over time, whereas behavioral dependence increased among smokers (t(17) = –2.37, p = .030, 95% IC[–4.30, 2.54], η2 =.25). This study suggests that long term abstinence in cardiac patients may be enhanced by psychological interventions addressing perceived competence, depressive symptoms and behavioral dependence.
Beyond Precision Weed Control: A Model for True Integration
Authors: Young Stephen L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPrecision means being exact and accurate and is an important management component for cropping systems. However, precision does not mean integration, which encompasses spatial and temporal dimensions and is a necessary practice rivaling precision. True IWM merges precision and integration by incorporating advanced technology that allows for greater flexibility of inputs and enhanced responsiveness to field conditions. Examples of this approach are non-existent due to a lack of suitable technological tools and a need for a paradigm shift. Herein a potential model startup company is offered as a guide to advance beyond precision weed control to true integration. The critical components of such a company include grower connections, investor support, proven and reliable technology, and adaptability and innovation in the agricultural technology market. The company with the vision and incentive to make true IWM a reality will be the first to more fully integrate available tools using technology, thus helping many growers overcome ongoing challenges associated with resistance, soil erosion, drift, and weed seedbanks.
Systems genetics identifies a role for Cacna2d1 regulation in elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma susceptibility
Authors: Chintalapudi Sumana R. , Maria Doaa , Di Wang Xiang , Bailey Jessica N. Cooke ,   NEIGHBORHOOD consortium, Allingham Rand , Brilliant Murray , Budenz Don , Fingert John , Gaasterland Douglas , Gaasterland Teresa , Haines Jonathan L. , Hark Lisa , Hauser Michael , Igo Rob , Hee Kang Jae , Kraft Peter , Lee Richard , Lichter Paul , Liu Yutao , Moroi Syoko , Pasquale Louis R. , Pericak-Vance Margaret , Realini Anthony , Rhee Doug , Richards Julia R. , Ritch Robert , Schuman Joel , Scott William K. , Singh Kuldev , Sit Arthur , Vollrath Douglas , Wollstein Gadi , Zack Don ,   International Glaucoma Genetics consortium, Aung Tin , Bonnemaijer Peter , Cheng Cheng-Yu , Craig Jamie , van Duijn Cornelia , Gharahkhani Puya , Iglesias Gonzalez Adriana , Hammond Christopher J. , Hewitt Alex , Hoehn Rene , Jonansson Fridbert , Khawaja Anthony , Chuen Khor Chiea , Klaver Caroline C. W. , Lotery Andrew , Mackey David , MacGregor Stuart , Pang Calvin , Pasutto Francesca , Stefansson Kári , Thorleifsson Gudmar , Thorsteinsdottir Unnar , Vitart Veronique , Vithana Eranga , Young Terri , Zeller Tanja , Hysi Pirro G. , Wiggs Janey L. , Williams Robert W. , Jablonski Monica M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGlaucoma is a multi-factorial blinding disease in which genetic factors play an important role. Elevated intraocular pressure is a highly heritable risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma and currently the only target for glaucoma therapy. Our study helps to better understand underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms that regulate intraocular pressure, and identifies a new candidate gene, Cacna2d1, that modulates intraocular pressure and a promising therapeutic, pregabalin, which binds to CACNA2D1 protein and lowers intraocular pressure significantly. Because our study utilizes a genetically diverse population of mice with known sequence variants, we are able to determine that the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of pregabalin is dependent on the Cacna2d1 haplotype. Using human genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, evidence for association of a CACNA2D1 single-nucleotide polymorphism and primary open angle glaucoma is found. Importantly, these results demonstrate that our systems genetics approach represents an efficient method to identify genetic variation that can guide the selection of therapeutic targets.
Regulatory T cells control toxicity in a humanized model of IL-2 therapy
Authors: Li Yan , Strick-Marchand Helene , Lim Ai Ing , Ren Jiazi , Masse-Ranson Guillemette , Dan Li  , Jouvion Gregory , Rogge Lars , Lucas Sophie , Bin Li  , Di Santo James P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWhile patient selection and clinical management have reduced high-dose IL-2 (HDIL2) immunotherapy toxicities, the immune mechanisms that underlie HDIL2-induced morbidity remain unclear. Here we show that dose-dependent morbidity and mortality of IL-2 immunotherapy can be modeled in human immune system (HIS) mice. Depletion of human T cell subsets during the HDIL2 treatment reduces toxicity, pointing to the central function of T cells. Preferential expansion of effector T cells secondary to defective suppressive capacity of regulatory T (Treg) cells after HDIL2 therapy further underscores the importance of Tregin the maintenance of immune tolerance. IL-2 toxicity is induced by selective depletion or inhibition of Tregafter LDIL2 therapy, and is ameliorated in HDIL2-treated HIS mice receiving the PIM-1 kinase inhibitor, Kaempferol. Modeling IL-2 pathophysiology in HIS mice offers a means to understand the functions of effector and regulatory T cells in immune-mediated toxicities associated with cancer immunotherapy.
Phosphorylation of LAMP2A by p38 MAPK couples ER stress to chaperone-mediated autophagy
Authors: Li Wenming , Zhu Jinqiu , Dou Juan , She Hua , Tao Kai , Xu Haidong , Yang Qian , Mao Zixu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes coordinate a network of key cellular processes including unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy in response to stress. How ER stress is signaled to lysosomes remains elusive. Here we find that ER disturbance activates chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). ER stressors lead to a PERK-dependent activation and recruitment of MKK4 to lysosomes, activating p38 MAPK at lysosomes. Lysosomal p38 MAPK directly phosphorylates the CMA receptor LAMP2A at T211 and T213, which causes its membrane accumulation and active conformational change, activating CMA. Loss of ER stress-induced CMA activation sensitizes cells to ER stress-induced death. Neurotoxins associated with Parkinson’s disease fully engages ER-p38 MAPK–CMA pathway in the mouse brain and uncoupling it results in a greater loss of SNc dopaminergic neurons. This work identifies the coupling of ER and CMA as a critical regulatory axis fundamental for physiological and pathological stress response.
Caldera resurgence driven by magma viscosity contrasts
Authors: Galetto Federico , Acocella Valerio , Caricchi Luca 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCalderas are impressive volcanic depressions commonly produced by major eruptions. Equally impressive is the uplift of the caldera floor that may follow, dubbed caldera resurgence, resulting from magma accumulation and accompanied by minor eruptions. Why magma accumulates, driving resurgence instead of feeding large eruptions, is one of the least understood processes in volcanology. Here we use thermal and experimental models to define the conditions promoting resurgence. Thermal modelling suggests that a magma reservoir develops a growing transition zone with relatively low viscosity contrast with respect to any newly injected magma. Experiments show that this viscosity contrast provides a rheological barrier, impeding the propagation through dikes of the new injected magma, which stagnates and promotes resurgence. In explaining resurgence and its related features, we provide the theoretical background to account for the transition from magma eruption to accumulation, which is essential not only to develop resurgence, but also large magma reservoirs.
Spectroscopic detection of halogen bonding resolves dye regeneration in the dye-sensitized solar cell
Authors: Parlane Fraser G. L. , Mustoe Chantal , Kellett Cameron W. , Simon Sarah J. , Swords Wesley B. , Meyer Gerald J. , Kennepohl Pierre , Berlinguette Curtis P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe interactions between a surface-adsorbed dye and a soluble redox-active electrolyte species in the dye-sensitized solar cell has a significant impact on the rate of regeneration of photo-oxidized dye molecules and open-circuit voltage of the device. Dyes must therefore be designed to encourage these interfacial interactions, but experimentally resolving how such weak interactions affect electron transfer is challenging. Herein, we use X-ray absorption spectroscopy to confirm halogen bonding can exist at the dye-electrolyte interface. Using a known series of triphenylamine-based dyes bearing halogen substituents geometrically positioned for reaction with halides in solution, halogen bonding was detected only in cases where brominated and iodinated dyes were photo-oxidized. This result implies that weak intermolecular interactions between photo-oxidized dyes and the electrolyte can impact device photovoltages. This result was unexpected considering the low concentration of oxidized dyes (less than 1 in 100,000) under full solar illumination.
High magnesium mobility in ternary spinel chalcogenides
Authors: Canepa Pieremanuele , Bo Shou-Hang , Sai Gautam Gopalakrishnan , Key Baris , Richards William D. , Shi Tan , Tian Yaosen , Wang Yan , Li Juchuan , Ceder Gerbrand 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMagnesium batteries appear a viable alternative to overcome the safety and energy density limitations faced by current lithium-ion technology. The development of a competitive magnesium battery is plagued by the existing notion of poor magnesium mobility in solids. Here we demonstrate by using ab initio calculations, nuclear magnetic resonance, and impedance spectroscopy measurements that substantial magnesium ion mobility can indeed be achieved in close-packed frameworks (~ 0.01–0.1 mS cm–1 at 298 K), specifically in the magnesium scandium selenide spinel. Our theoretical predictions also indicate that high magnesium ion mobility is possible in other chalcogenide spinels, opening the door for the realization of other magnesium solid ionic conductors and the eventual development of an all-solid-state magnesium battery.
Exosomal cargo including microRNA regulates sensory neuron to macrophage communication after nerve trauma
Authors: Simeoli Raffaele , Montague Karli , Jones Hefin R. , Castaldi Laura , Chambers David , Kelleher Jayne H. , Vacca Valentina , Pitcher Thomas , Grist John , Al-Ahdal Hadil , Wong Liang-Fong , Perretti Mauro , Lai Johnathan , Mouritzen Peter , Heppenstall Paul , Malcangio Marzia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFollowing peripheral axon injury, dysregulation of non-coding microRNAs (miRs) occurs in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) sensory neurons. Here we show that DRG neuron cell bodies release extracellular vesicles, including exosomes containing miRs, upon activity. We demonstrate that miR-21-5p is released in the exosomal fraction of cultured DRG following capsaicin activation of TRPV1 receptors. Pure sensory neuron-derived exosomes released by capsaicin are readily phagocytosed by macrophages in which an increase in miR-21-5p expression promotes a pro-inflammatory phenotype. After nerve injury in mice, miR-21-5p is upregulated in DRG neurons and both intrathecal delivery of a miR-21-5p antagomir and conditional deletion of miR-21 in sensory neurons reduce neuropathic hypersensitivity as well as the extent of inflammatory macrophage recruitment in the DRG. We suggest that upregulation and release of miR-21 contribute to sensory neuron–macrophage communication after damage to the peripheral nerve.
An activity-dependent proximity ligation platform for spatially resolved quantification of active enzymes in single cells
Authors: Li Gang , Montgomery Jeffrey E. , Eckert Mark A. , Chang Jae Won , Tienda Samantha M. , Lengyel Ernst , Moellering Raymond E. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntegration of chemical probes into proteomic workflows enables the interrogation of protein activity, rather than abundance. Current methods limit the biological contexts that can be addressed due to sample homogenization, signal-averaging, and bias toward abundant proteins. Here we report a platform that integrates family-wide chemical probes with proximity-dependent oligonucleotide amplification and imaging to quantify enzyme activity in native contexts with high spatial resolution. Application of this method, activity-dependent proximity ligation (ADPL), to serine hydrolase and cysteine protease enzymes enables quantification of differential enzyme activity resulting from endogenous changes in localization and expression. In a competitive format, small-molecule target engagement with endogenous proteins in live cells can be quantified. Finally, retention of sample architecture enables interrogation of complex environments such as cellular co-culture and patient samples. ADPL should be amenable to diverse probe and protein families to detect active enzymes at scale and resolution out of reach with current methods.
Quenching protein dynamics interferes with HIV capsid maturation
Authors: Wang Mingzhang , Quinn Caitlin M. , Perilla Juan R. , Zhang Huilan , Shirra Randall , Hou Guangjin , Byeon In-Ja , Suiter Christopher L. , Ablan Sherimay , Urano Emiko , Nitz Theodore J. , Aiken Christopher , Freed Eric O. , Zhang Peijun , Schulten Klaus , Gronenborn Angela M. , Polenova Tatyana 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMaturation of HIV-1 particles encompasses a complex morphological transformation of Gag via an orchestrated series of proteolytic cleavage events. A longstanding question concerns the structure of the C-terminal region of CA and the peptide SP1 (CA–SP1), which represents an intermediate during maturation of the HIV-1 virus. By integrating NMR, cryo-EM, and molecular dynamics simulations, we show that in CA–SP1 tubes assembled in vitro, which represent the features of an intermediate assembly state during maturation, the SP1 peptide exists in a dynamic helix–coil equilibrium, and that the addition of the maturation inhibitors Bevirimat and DFH-055 causes stabilization of a helical form of SP1. Moreover, the maturation-arresting SP1 mutation T8I also induces helical structure in SP1 and further global dynamical and conformational changes in CA. Overall, our results show that dynamics of CA and SP1 are critical for orderly HIV-1 maturation and that small molecules can inhibit maturation by perturbing molecular motions.
NSD1- and NSD2-damaging mutations define a subset of laryngeal tumors with favorable prognosis
Authors: Peri Suraj , Izumchenko Evgeny , Schubert Adrian D. , Slifker Michael J. , Ruth Karen , Serebriiskii Ilya G. , Guo Theresa , Burtness Barbara A. , Mehra Ranee , Ross Eric A. , Sidransky David , Golemis Erica A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSquamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN) affect anatomical sites including the oral cavity, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Laryngeal cancers are characterized by high recurrence and poor overall survival, and currently lack robust molecular prognostic biomarkers for treatment stratification. Using an algorithm for integrative clustering that simultaneously assesses gene expression, somatic mutation, copy number variation, and methylation, we for the first time identify laryngeal cancer subtypes with distinct prognostic outcomes, and differing from the non-prognostic laryngeal subclasses reported by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Although most common laryngeal gene mutations are found in both subclasses, better prognosis is strongly associated with damaging mutations of the methyltransferasesNSD1andNSD2, with findings confirmed in an independent validation cohort consisting of 63 laryngeal cancer patients. Intriguingly, NSD1/2 mutations are not prognostic for nonlaryngeal SCCHN. These results provide an immediately useful clinical metric for patient stratification and prognostication.
DNA double-strand break repair pathway regulates PD-L1 expression in cancer cells
Authors: Sato Hiro , Niimi Atsuko , Yasuhara Takaaki , Permata Tiara Bunga Mayang , Hagiwara Yoshihiko , Isono Mayu , Nuryadi Endang , Sekine Ryota , Oike Takahiro , Kakoti Sangeeta , Yoshimoto Yuya , Held Kathryn D. , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Kono Koji , Miyagawa Kiyoshi , Nakano Takashi , Shibata Atsushi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that exogenous cellular stress induces PD-L1 upregulation in cancer. A DNA double-strand break (DSB) is the most critical type of genotoxic stress, but the involvement of DSB repair in PD-L1 expression has not been investigated. Here we show that PD-L1 expression in cancer cells is upregulated in response to DSBs. This upregulation requires ATM/ATR/Chk1 kinases. Using an siRNA library targeting DSB repair genes, we discover that BRCA2 depletion enhances Chk1-dependent PD-L1 upregulation after X-rays or PARP inhibition. In addition, we show that Ku70/80 depletion substantially enhances PD-L1 upregulation after X-rays. The upregulation by Ku80 depletion requires Chk1 activation following DNA end-resection by Exonuclease 1. DSBs activate STAT1 and STAT3 signalling, and IRF1 is required for DSB-dependent PD-L1 upregulation. Thus, our findings reveal the involvement of DSB repair in PD-L1 expression and provide mechanistic insight into how PD-L1 expression is regulated after DSBs.
Origami silicon optoelectronics for hemispherical electronic eye systems
Authors: Zhang Kan , Jung Yei Hwan , Mikael Solomon , Seo Jung-Hun , Kim Munho , Mi Hongyi , Zhou Han , Xia Zhenyang , Zhou Weidong , Gong Shaoqin , Ma Zhenqiang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDigital image sensors in hemispherical geometries offer unique imaging advantages over their planar counterparts, such as wide field of view and low aberrations. Deforming miniature semiconductor-based sensors with high-spatial resolution into such format is challenging. Here we report a simple origami approach for fabricating single-crystalline silicon-based focal plane arrays and artificial compound eyes that have hemisphere-like structures. Convex isogonal polyhedral concepts allow certain combinations of polygons to fold into spherical formats. Using each polygon block as a sensor pixel, the silicon-based devices are shaped into maps of truncated icosahedron and fabricated on flexible sheets and further folded either into a concave or convex hemisphere. These two electronic eye prototypes represent simple and low-cost methods as well as flexible optimization parameters in terms of pixel density and design. Results demonstrated in this work combined with miniature size and simplicity of the design establish practical technology for integration with conventional electronic devices.