bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HERMENEUTIKOS METODO TAIKYMAS ŠIUOLAIKINIAME EDUKOLOGIJOS MOKSLE
Authors: Juodaitytė Audronė , Savickis Antanas 
Published: December 2015

Profesorė socialinių mokslų (edukologija) habilituota daktarė Šiaulių universiteto Edukacinių tyrimų mokslinio centro direktorė P. Višinskio g. 25–108, LT-76351 Šiauliai El. paštas: etmc@cr.su.ltEdukologijos magistras, Valstybinio Maskvos M. V. Lomonosovo universiteto doktorantas El. paštas: antanas.savickis@gmail.comHermeneutikos metodas nagrinėjamas remiantis bendrąja mokslo, kaip žmogaus veiklos, susiju­sios su socialinių ir humanitarinių mokslų kaita, tradicionalizmas vs šiuolaikiškumas paradigma. Remiantis tokia paradigma aiškinama, kad mokslas nėra kildinamas iš faktų, nes jis reiškia inter­pretacijas, turimų žinių taikymą naujiems tyrimo objektams. Straipsnyje pagrindžiama toji mokslo funkcija, kuri yra neatsiejama nuo sąmoningo vertybių ir prasmių kūrimo. Šiuolaikinės edukolo­gijos mokslas taip pat grindžiamas pažįstančiojo žmogaus ir pasaulio sąveika. Taip vienaip ar ki­taip humanizmo idėjoms atstovaujantiems socialiniam, humanitariniam ar net gamtos mokslui svarbus tampa ne tiek duomenų rinkimas ir stebėjimas, kiek teorinių modelių paieška, leidžianti atsižvelgiant į situaciją tinkamai paaiškinti ir interpretuoti tyrimo duomenis.
MOKYMO PROGRAMOS ISTORIJA IR PLANAVIMAS: TEORINĖ KONSTRUKCIJA IR KAI KURIOS MOKYMO PROGRAMOS TOBULINIMO GAIRĖS ESTIJOJE 1987–1996 METAIS
Authors: Rouk Vadim 
Published: December 2015

PhD candidate, Tallinn University, EstoniaSpecial research course student at the Institute of Education,University of London 2012/2013Collections manager at the Estonian Pedagogical Archives Museumof Tallinn UniversityResearcher at the Institute of Educational Sciences, Tallinn UniversityAddress: Rüütli 6, 10130, Tallinn, Estoniatel. (372) 55 655655e-mail: vadim.rouk@tlu.ee Straipsnis skirtas teorinei ir istorinei mokymo programos (curriculum) analizei. Jame pristatomos pagrindinės šią temą gvildenančių Vakarų teoretikų pozicijos. Daugelis jų pabrėžia istorinę mokymo programos raidą. Pavyzdžiui, estų kilmės JAV mokslininkė Hilda Taba teigia, kad pagrindinis mokymo programos planavimo uždavinys – perimti ir įsisavinti svarbiausias paveldo žinias, idėjas, mintis. Tačiau tai tik viena teorinės mokymo programos analizės gija. Mokymo programų raidą galima nagrinėti ir valstybės, taip pat mokyklos lygmenimis. Mokymo programa gali būti vertinama kaip valstybės kišimasis į mokyklos gyvenimą. Mokyklos lygmeniu į mokymo programą taip pat galima žvelgti per ideologijos, valdžios, ekonominių išteklių prizmę, analizuojant ją švietimo, socialinių ir politinių pokyčių kontekste.Straipsnyje parodoma, kad Vakaruose, konkrečiau JAV švietimo sistemos kaitos ir su tuo susijusios mokymo programos teorinės analizės poreikis labiausiai išryškėjo šeštajame XX a. dešimtmetyje, Sovietų Sąjungai ėmus pirmauti kosmoso „užkariavimo“ srityje. Sovietų Sąjungoje ir Rytų Europoje ypač akivaizdūs pokyčiai pastebimi „Perestroikos“ metu, kai vienas iš pagrindinių naujo „kurso į Vakarus“ uždavinių buvo švietimo sistemos reformavimas.Straipsnyje ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas devintojo XX a. dešimtmečio pabaigoje Estijos švietimo sistemoje prasidėjusioms permainoms, mokymo programos kaitai. Iki 1987 m. Estijos švietimas buvo centralizuotos ir politizuotos Sovietų Sąjungos švietimo sistemos dalis, o mokymo programa ypač ideologizuota. Be to, sovietinėje mokymo programoje itin ženkli vokiškos didaktikos įtaka ir perėjimas prie britiško–amerikietiško curriculum tipo programos buvo gana sudėtingas procesas.
„DOMOSTROI“ KAIP UGDOMASIS NARATYVAS VIDURAMŽIŲ IR MODERNIOSIOS RUSIJOS PEDAGOGINĖJE PARADIGMOJE
Authors: Tilk Maria 
Published: December 2015

Assoc. ProfessorTallinn University, Institute of Educational SciencesNarva mnt 25, 10120 Tallinn, Estoniae-mail: maria.tilk@tlu.eePagrindinis šio straipsnio tikslas – išanalizuoti Domostroi, šešioliktojo amžiaus rusų namų ūkio taisyklių rinkinio, originalius tekstus ir išskirti esmines vertybes bei pareigų sritis. Šių tekstų analizei pasitelkta mentalitetų istorijos perspektyva. Struktūrinė-funkcinė analizė leido išskirti bendrąsias ugdymo normas, apibrėžiančias tobulo žmogaus idealą senovės Rusijoje. Remiantis tuo Domostroi tekstai suskirstyti į šešias pagrindines normas ir vertybes apibrėžiančias sritis. Skiriami (1) religijos ir etikos aspektai; (2) etiketo ir ritualo atspindžiai; (3) lyčių vaidmenų akcentavimas; (4) šeimos modelis; (5) moters vaidmuo; (6) mitybos ypatybės kaip etiketo ir ritualų dalis. Nors toks tekstų grupavimas ir rezultatai yra tik preliminarūs, jie yra svarbūs ne tik kultūros istorijos tyrėjams, bet ir ugdytojams, nes Domostroi įtaka ugdymo normoms jaučiama ir moderniojoje rusų visuomenėje.
EPIDEMIOLOGIA E IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE Rhipicephalus sanguineus (LATREILLE, 1806) EM ARAÇATUBA, SÃO PAULO
Authors: Rampim Letícia Vinhas , Dias Samuel , Cervelatti Eliane Patrícia 
Published: December 2015

Os carrapatos são responsáveis pela transmissão de diferentes patógenos de alta prevalência em regiões tropicais e subtropicais como o Brasil. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência destas doenças, realizar taxonomia de carrapatos parasitando cães e analisar a presença de agentes etiológicos em amostras sanguíneas de cães mantidos pelo Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Araçatuba (CCZ). O estudo mostrou baixa prevalência das doenças transmitidas pela espécie Rhipicephalus sanguineus, sendo a única espécie encontrada. Erlichia canis foi encontrada em sete amostras coletadas e a Babesia vogeli foi encontrada em apenas uma amostra. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Carrapato. Erliquiose. Babesiose. EPIDEMIOLOGY AND IDENTIFICATION OF Rhipicephalus sanguineus (LATREILLE, 1806) IN ARAÇATUBA, SÃO PAULO ABSTRACTTicks are responsible for transmitting different pathogens with highly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions such as Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of tick diseases, perform taxonomy of ticks parasitizing dogs and analyze the presence of infectious agents in blood samples from dogs kept by the Center for Zoonosis Control Araçatuba (CCZ). The study showed a low prevalence of diseases transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus. This was the only species found parasitizing dogs and Ehrlichiosis’s agent were found in various collected samples and agents of Babesiosis were found in only one sample. KEY-WORDS: Ticks. Ehrlichiosi. Babesiosis. EPIDEMIOLOGÌA E IDENTIFICACIÓN DE Rhipicephalus sanguineus (LATREILLE, 1806) EM PARAÇATUBA, SÃO PAULO RESUMENLas garrapatas son responsables de la transmisión de diferentes patógenos de alta prevalencia en las regiones tropicales y subtropicales como Brasil. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de estas enfermedades, realice las garrapatas que parasitan perros de taxonomía y analizar la presencia de agentes infecciosos en muestras de sangre de los perros llevados por el Centro de Control de Zoonosis Aracatuba (CCZ). El estudio mostró una baja prevalencia de enfermedades transmitidas por Rhipicephalus sanguineus, siendo las únicas especies que se encuentran. Ehrlichia canis fue encontrado en siete muestras recogidas y Babesia vogeli se encuentra en una sola muestra. PALABRAS-CLAVE Garrapata. Ehrlichiosis. La babesiosis.
МЕТОДИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ БАНКІВСЬКОГО КРЕДИТУВАННЯ
Authors: Соколенко К. О. 
Published: December 2015

У статті розглянуто нові шляхи удосконалення кредитної діяльності банків, форми кредиту та формування ефективної кредитної системи. Розглянуто поняття цінової політики як основоположного компоненту кредитної діяльності банку. Проаналізовано основні інструменти цінової політки кредитних операцій. Розглянуто загальноприйняті методи цінотворення продуктів банківської діяльності. Визначено принципи встановлення ставок за кредитуванням суб’єктів господарювання
РОЗРАХУНОК ЗАГАЛЬНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА ЗА СКЛАДОВИМИ
Authors: Жосан Г. В. 
Published: December 2015

В статті запропоновано методику розрахунку загальних показників соціальної відповідальності за складовими. Розраховано нормалізовані показники за складовими соціальної відповідальності з точки зору зовнішнього та внутрішнього середовища й складено в матрицю. Визначено загальні показники економічної, екологічної, соціально-трудової та нормативно-правової складових на основі отриманих коефіцієнтів з точки зору зовнішнього та внутрішнього середовища підприємств.
БУХГАЛТЕРСЬКИЙ ОБЛІК РОЗРАХУНКІВ З ОПЛАТИ ПРАЦІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ВИМОГ МІЖНАРОДНИХ СТАНДАРТІВ ФІНАНСОВОЇ ЗВІТНОСТІ
Authors: Овсюк Н. В. 
Published: December 2015

У статті розглянуті основні відмінні характеристики між П(С)БО 26 “Виплати працівникам” та МСБО (IAS) 19 “Виплати працівникам”. Визначено необхідність та практичну невідворотність впровадження міжнародних стандартів у національну практику ведення бухгалтерського обліку. Здійснено порівняння основних характерних рис вітчизняного та міжнародного стандартів з виплат працівникам. Оскільки МСБО (IAS) 19 є досить детальним та ґрунтовним документом, який у повній мірі розкриває теоретичні та практичні нюанси виплат працівникам по окремих категоріях, то в результаті дослідження пропонується переглянути вітчизняний досвід класифікації та обліку виплат працівникам та зробити національні положення (стандарти) бухгалтерського обліку в більшій мірі практично спрямованими та розгалуженими.
EFL teachers’ and learners’ perspectives on “English file series”
Authors: Rahimi Masoud 
Published: December 2015

The present study aimed at evaluating English File series, which is widely used in language classrooms in Iran. The purpose of this study was further to determine the teachers and learners opinions with regard to the practical considerations, layout and design, activities, skills, language type, subject and content, and conclusion of English File series. To this end, 40 teachers and 45 learners majoring in English at private language institutes in Sanandaj were selected as the participants of the study. The teachers filled out Teacher Textbook Evaluation form developed and adopted from Litz (2005) and the learners filled out Student Textbook Evaluation form developed and adopted from Litz (2005). Descriptive statistics, Independent Samples t-test and MANOVA were carried out to interpret the data. The results of Descriptive Statistics revealed that most teachers and learners had the same positive opinions with regard to all factors of the series. The results of Independent Samples t-test revealed that there was a significant difference between the opinions of teachers and learners with regard to the factors of the series altogether. The results of MANOVA revealed that there were significant differences between the opinions of teachers and learners with regard to all factors of the series except the skills. Keywords: Textbook evaluation, English File Series.
Relationship of Phytate, Phytate‐Mineralizing Bacteria, and Beta‐Propeller Phytase Genes along a Coastal Tributary to the Chesapeake Bay
Authors: Stout Lisa M. , Nguyen Thanh T. , Jaisi Deb P. 
Published: December 2015

Core Ideas
Positive correlation between phytate P, inorganic P, and PMB along the creek.
Bacteria with BPP genes about four orders of magnitude higher in water than sediment.
High inorganic P in the creek most likely derived partly from phytate degradation.
Phytate is often the most common and recalcitrant form of organic P in soils. Given that extracellular phytase activities are attributed to soil microorganisms, the distribution and characterization of phytate‐mineralizing bacteria (PMB) and quantification of phytate genes across an environmental gradient can address questions related to the degree of relative recalcitrancy of phytate P and microbial response to phytate loading. In this study, we analyzed paired sediment and water samples from different sites along a stretch of East Creek, a coastal tributary to the Chesapeake Bay, for the abundance of PMB as well as β‐propeller phytase (BPP) genes, a gene for the most common of the phytase enzymes, using culture‐dependent and ‐independent methods. We found that a larger proportion of isolates from sites near the headwaters were PMB than at the mouth of the creek. Our quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results show that the total number of bacteria (both with and without BPP genes) in water and sediment samples was highest at the agricultural headwaters but decreased significantly at wetland sites. Similarly, 16S rRNA‐normalized BPP copies show that the abundance of bacteria capable of phytate degradation was about four orders of magnitude higher in water than in sediment. These results probably indicate that the presence of phytate promotes the proliferation of phytate‐degrading microorganisms with a potentially higher rate of phytate degradation in water than in sediments. Overall, these results provide important insights into phytate loading and PMB abundance in a coastal tributary and P export to the Chesapeake Bay.
Method Comparison for Forest Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Estimates in the Delaware River Basin
Authors: Xu B. , Pan Y. , Johnson A.H. , Plante A.F. 
Published: December 2015

Core Ideas
Soil cores and quantitative pits each have their limitations in forest soils.
Bulk density, coarse fragment, and C concentration variations are method dependent.
Compensating errors may mask uncertainty in regional estimates of soil C and N.
The accuracy of forest soil C and N estimates is hampered by forest soils that are rocky, inaccessible, and spatially heterogeneous. A composite coring technique is the standard method used in Forest Inventory and Analysis, but its accuracy has been questioned. Quantitative soil pits provide direct measurement of rock content and soil mass from a larger, more representative volume. In this study, the two sampling methods were used to estimate soil C and N stocks in forested plots in the Delaware River Basin. Mean stocks in the whole soil profile (organic and mineral layers, 0–40 cm, using pits) were 76.6 Mg C ha−1 and 4.45 Mg N ha−1. In the surface mineral layer (0–20 cm), lower bulk density (BD), lower coarse fragment content (CF), and greater C concentration (%C) were measured using the core method compared with the pit method. However, because the three variables are not independent and can be counterbalancing, soil C stocks did not differ between sampling methods. Spatial variation in C stocks was mainly driven by the variance of %C and BD in both methods, while the relative contribution of CF was greater in the soil pit method. Our results suggest that the physical problems associated with the core method and the ability of the core method to capture spatial variation in soil C and N stocks are questionable compared with quantitative soil pits. While variability and covariance among the contributing variables resulted in similar stock estimates from both sampling methods, they might accumulate greater uncertainty in spatial extrapolation to regional estimates of forest soil C and N stocks.
A Self‐Adaptive Model for the Prediction of Soil Organic Matter Using Mid‐Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy
Authors: Ma Fei , Du Changwen , Zhou Jianmin 
Published: December 2015

Core Ideas
This self‐adaptive model can be used for soil properties prediction.
Photoacoustic spectroscopy can be used for soil sensing.
The combination is a fast and cheap method for modern agriculture.
Fast quantification of soil organic matter (SOM) is important in crop production and soil fertility evaluation. Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been widely utilized for rapid, cost‐effective, and nondestructive SOM determination. However, the lack of accuracy has limited the application of FTIR spectroscopy to quantitative SOM prediction because the models are built from a typical database, resulting in large errors in new independent samples. In this study, using 933 paddy soil samples collected in Lishui, China, a “self‐adaptive” model was designed for predicting SOM content, in conjunction with Fourier‐transform mid‐infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR‐PAS). The resulting FTIR‐PAS spectra afforded abundant soil information, reflected in O–H, N–H, and C–H vibrations (4000–2800 cm−1), C=O and C–H vibrations (2500–1200 cm−1), and the fingerprint region (1200–500 cm−1). The self‐adaptive model was established by: (i) identification of soil samples, selected by Euclidean distance, with soil spectra to similar the target (unknown) soil sample and ranking of the Euclidean distance values in ascending order; (ii) selection of the optimal parameters to build a partial least squares (PLS) model based on an optimal calibration sample subset; and (iii) prediction and validation of the unknown soil sample. The predictive capabilities of the self‐adaptive model and conventional PLS model were compared; the self‐adaptive and conventional PLS models had R2 values of 0.9293 and 0.5796, root mean square errors of prediction of 1.65 and 3.26 g kg−1, and ratios of percentage deviation (RPD) of 3.18 and 1.62, respectively. Therefore, the self‐adaptive model showed greater potential for application, having significantly enhanced applicability while improving the accuracy of prediction.
Effect of Food Simulating Agents on the Hardness and Bond Strength of a Silicone Soft Liner to a Denture Base Acrylic Resin
Authors: Khaledi A.A.R. , Bahrani M. , Shirzadi S. 
Published: December 2015

Statement of the Problem:
Bonding failure between acrylic resin and soft liner material and also gradual loss of soft liner resiliency over time are two impending challenges frequently recognized with a denture base embraced with a resilient liner. Since patients drink various beverages, it is crucial to assess the influences of these beverages on physical characteristics of soft liners.

Purpose:
This in vitro study envisioned to assess the influence of food simulating agents (FSA) on the hardness of a silicone soft liner by employing a Shore A durometer test and also evaluate its bond strength to a denture base resin by using tensile bond strength test.

Materials and Methods:
To test the hardness of samples, 50 rectangular samples (40 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm) were prepared from a heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (Meliodent). Mollosil, a commercially available silicone resilient liner, was provided and applied on the specimens following the manufacturer’s directions. In order to test tensile bond strength, 100 cylindrical specimens (30 mm × 10 mm) were fabricated. The liners were added between specimens with the thicknesses of 3 mm. The specimens were divided into 5 groups (n=10) and immersed in distilled water, heptane, citric acid, and 50% ethanol. For each test, we used 10 specimens as a baseline measurement; control group. All specimens were kept in dispersed containers at 37ºC for 12 days and all solutions were changed every day. The hardness was verified using a Shore A durometer and the tensile bond strength was examined by an Instron testing machine at a cross-head speed of 5 mm/min. The records were analyzed employing one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD, and LSD tests.

Results:
The mean tensile bond strength ± standard deviation (SD) for Mollosil was as follows for each group: 3.1 ± 0.4 (water), 1.8 ± 0.4 (citric acid), 3.0 ± 0.4 (heptane), 1.2 ± 0.3 (50% ethanol), and 3.8 ± 0.4 (control). The hardness values for each group were: 28.7 ± 2.11 (water), 33.2 ± 2.82 (citric acid), 39.2 ± 4.8 (heptane), 32.3 ± 3.56 (50% ethanol) and 22.2 ± 2.08 (control). Mean values for hardness indicated that all of the food simulating agents significantly increased hardness of the Mollosil soft liner compared to the control group (p<0.05). The results of tensile bond strength depicted that water and FSA decreased the bond strength of the soft liner -denture base resin compared to the control group and it was statistically significant (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
The food simulating agents could influence the mechanical properties of silicone soft liners; hence, clinicians should inform their patients concerning their possible adverse effects and complications.
Predictors of Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: The SEARCH CVD Study
Authors: Shah Amy S. , Dabelea Dana , Fino Nora F. , Dolan Lawrence M. , Wadwa R. Paul , D’Agostino Ralph , Hamman Richard , Marcovina Santica , Daniels Stephen R. , Urbina Elaine M. 
Published: December 2015

OBJECTIVE
Youth with type 1 diabetes have worse cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and higher carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) than their peers without diabetes. Whether the burden of CV risk factors over time is associated with carotid IMT at follow-up in youth with type 1 diabetes is not known.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Two hundred ninety-eight youth with type 1 diabetes (mean age 13.3 ± 2.9 years, 87.6% non-Hispanic white, 53.7% male) had two study visits 5 years apart. CV risk factors, including BMI, lipids, blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and smoking status, were assessed at both visits, and carotid IMT was measured at follow-up using B-mode ultrasonography. Linear regression models with an area under the curve measurement that incorporated the baseline and follow-up CV risk factors were used to evaluate the relationship with carotid IMT at follow-up.

RESULTS
All CV risk factors worsened significantly over time (except LDL cholesterol) (P &lt; 0.05). From baseline to follow-up, the number of abnormal CV risk factors also increased (P &lt; 0.05). Predictors of carotid IMT were older age, male sex, and higher BMI z score area under the curve (all P &lt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
The CV risk factor burden increases over time in youth with type 1 diabetes. BMI z score was the only modifiable CV risk factor that predicted carotid IMT. This study highlights the critical need to better understand the risk factors that influence carotid IMT early in the course of type 1 diabetes.
Evaluation of coagulation and fibrinolysis in horses with atrial fibrillation
Authors: de Solís Cristobal Navas , Reef Virginia B. , Slack JoAnn , Jose-Cunilleras Eduard 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate horses with atrial fibrillation for hypercoagulability; plasma D-dimer concentrations, as a marker of a procoagulant state; and a relationship between coagulation profile results and duration of atrial fibrillation or presence of structural heart disease.
DESIGN Case-control study.
ANIMALS Plasma samples from 42 horses (25 with atrial fibrillation and 17 without cardiovascular or systemic disease [control group]).
PROCEDURES Results of hematologic tests (ie, plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer concentrations, prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times, and antithrombin activity) in horses were recorded to assess coagulation and fibrinolysis. Historical and clinical variables, as associated with a hypercoagulable state in other species, were also recorded.
RESULTS Horses with atrial fibrillation and control horses lacked clinical signs of hypercoagulation or thromboembolism. Compared with control horses, horses with atrial fibrillation had significantly lower antithrombin activity. No significant differences in plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer concentrations and prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times existed between horse groups. In horses with atrial fibrillation versus control horses, a significantly larger proportion had an abnormal plasma D-dimer concentration (10/25 vs 2/17), test results indicative of subclinical activated coagulation (18/25 vs 6/17), or abnormal coagulation test results (25/121 vs 7/85), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Horses with atrial fibrillation did not have clinical evidence of a hypercoagulable state, but a higher proportion of horses with atrial fibrillation, compared with control horses, did have subclinical activated coagulation on the basis of standard coagulation test results.