bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antileukaemic rescue by dose-dense donor-lymphocyte infusions in T-PLL after allogeneic stem cell transplantation – a case report
Authors: Späth Christian , Neumann Thomas , Krüger William H. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractT-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukaemia (T-PLL) is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis and only curable by allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We describe the case of a male suffering from T-PLL. Therapy was alemtuzumab followed by an allograft from an unrelated donor. T-PLL relapsed after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Discontinuation of immunosuppression had no effected and three increasing doses of donor lymphocytes were given within one month. The patient developed acute GvHD of the lover (grade III). GvHD was successfully treated by steroids and ruxolitinib and graft-versus-leukaemia effects induced a complete remission of T-PLL. 18,5 months after transplantation the patient is well and alive without GvHD under immunosuppression with ruxolitinib. Flow cytometry of peripheral blood was negative for residual leukemic cells.
The impact of weather anomalies on violence in the coastal mid-latitudes: a cross-national comparison
Authors: Breetzke Gregory , Corcoran Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCross-national studies examining the relationship between weather and crime are rare. Reasons are manifold but include the differences in countries due to geographical, climatic, and seasonal variations. In contrast in this study we examine the causal impact of temperature and rainfall anomalies on violent crime in locations located in two comparable geographic zones: Khayelitsha (in South Africa) and Ipswich (in Australia). We use ANOVA and Tukey’s tests to identify statistical meaningful differences (if any) in the impact of these weather anomalies on crime alongside the use of visualisations capturing the anomalous weather-violence relationship in these two contexts. Results show some similarities but also notable differences between locations which we attribute to their inherent socio-demographic differences which we expand upon. We conclude by highlighting the benefits of cross-national crime research, and motivate for its increased application in future research of this nature.
Organizational Life Cycle Assessment of a wildlife park in northern Germany
Authors: Kunert Josephine , Bach Vanessa , Spey Ina-Kathrin , Finkbeiner Matthias 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Organizational Life Cycle Assessment (O-LCA) quantifies environmental impacts and identifies key environmental hotspots within a company’s value chain. Assessment of environmental impacts from animals has been carried out for livestock production, pet keeping, and hunting. One not yet considered application relates to touristic activities that involve animal husbandry, such as zoos or animal parks. Thus, the aim of this paper is to conduct the first O-LCA for a wildlife park and identify related hotspots.

Method
O-LCA was applied in the context of a wildlife park in northern Germany from a cradle-to-gate perspective for the reference period of 2022 considering the impact categories climate change (GWP), acidification (AP), eutrophication (EP), and photochemical ozone formation (POCP). The number of visitors (437,049 people) and animals of 16 different animal groups (787 animals of more than 100 species (e.g., wolves and birds)) was set as reference flow as the organizations’ activities are focused on tourism and animal species conservation. Information on animal feed, litter, suppliers, and transportation was derived from the animal care department's data, complemented by interviews with park experts and analysis of relevant documents and invoices.

Results and discussion
The organization had emissions of around 3,176 t CO2-eq. (GWP), 15 t SO2-eq. (AP), 6.5 t PO43- eq. (EP), and 7.2 t NOX-eq. (POCP) in 2022. Transportation of visitors being the main hotspot across all impact categories (e.g., 57.5% of GWP). Methane from ruminant respiration additionally accounts for 16 t CO2-eq. (0.5% of total GWP). For AP and EP, feed and food for Animal Care show high impacts with 23–27%, respectively. The lowest impacts show Electricity & Heat and End of Life of waste generated on site with around 1–8%. Carrying out a sensitivity analysis for the main hotspot transportation of visitors shows a 40% potential reduction for GWP, when visitors from Hamburg (90%) would use public transport exclusively.

Conclusion
This paper is the first to apply O-LCA to a wildlife park, identifying environmental hotspots and filling a gap in the assessment of tourism-related impacts on animals. This study pioneers the application of O-LCA to wildlife parks, identifying environmental hotspots in a tourism context. By analyzing multiple impact categories and park operations, we have gained a comprehensive understanding of the environmental footprint of wildlife parks.
Optical bullets with cross-spatio dispersion and multiplicative white noise
Authors: Mirzazadeh Mohammad , Biswas Anjan , Yildirim Yakup , Veni S. Saravana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe current work addresses optical bullets with spatio-dispersive effects, in addition to chromatic dispersion along the three orthogonal directions, in presence of multiplicative white noise. Four integration approaches collectively yield a full spectrum of optical solitons. It was observed that the effect of white noise stays confined to the phase component of the bullets.
SCSHM benchmark study on bridge in-service structural monitoring
Authors: Limongelli Maria Pina , Thomson Doug , Alampalli Sreenivas , Mufti Aftab , Schumacher Thomas , Martinelli Luca , Lasri Othmane , Shenton Harry , Chen Genda , Noori Mohammad , Raeisi Farnaz , Silik Ahmed , Dang Ji , Hoemsen Ray , Li Hui , Lu Naiwei , Ni Yi-Qing , Smith Ian , Wu Zhishen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe mission of the Society of Civil Structural Health Monitoring (SCSHM, previously known as ISHMII) is to advance the understanding and application of structural monitoring methodologies for the management of civil infrastructure systems. To enable comparative and contrasting studies of various monitoring issues and technologies, the SCSHM Committee on Data-Enhanced Infrastructures Management (DEIMC) identified the need for benchmark problems in the areas of bridge and building structural monitoring. This article reports and briefly discusses the first benchmark study on in-service structural monitoring of bridges that was developed in collaboration with the University of Manitoba, and presents the structure details, study goals, data made available to the engineering community, and other relevant details. This paper has been submitted to the JCSHM as the outcome of the work of the DEIMC Committee of the SCSHM. However, since JCSHM does not publish at present papers without original experimental and or field monitoring components, data from this work cannot be used for publications in JCSHM.
On the Sources of Discrepancies Between Grain Size Measurements
Authors: Evans K. S. , Timberlake D. M. , Tyagi P. , Miller V. M. , Payton E. J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAccurate quantification of grain size in polycrystals is extraordinarily important for quality assurance and the development of structure-property relationships, as grain size affects nearly all engineering properties of structural alloys, from strength and fatigue life to corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity. Despite nearly a century of the existence of standards for measuring grain size, issues persist in obtaining consistent grain size measurements across several techniques. Of particular interest is comparing optical microscopy or scanning electron microscopy on an etched surface with mapping of crystal orientations using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). In this work, discrepancies between methods in the ASTM E 112 and ASTM E 2627 standards are explored through simulated measurements on synthetic microstructures. It is concluded that a small but systematic discrepancy exists between planimetric and lineal intercept-based approaches, and a new empirical relationship between the ASTM grain size number G and lineal intercepts is proposed.
Explainable depression symptom detection in social media
Authors: Bao Eliseo , Pérez Anxo , Parapar Javier 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsers of social platforms often perceive these sites as supportive spaces to post about their mental health issues. Those conversations contain important traces about individuals’ health risks. Recently, researchers have exploited this online information to construct mental health detection models, which aim to identify users at risk on platforms like Twitter, Reddit or Facebook. Most of these models are focused on achieving good classification results, ignoring the explainability and interpretability of the decisions. Recent research has pointed out the importance of using clinical markers, such as the use of symptoms, to improve trust in the computational models by health professionals. In this paper, we introduce transformer-based architectures designed to detect and explain the appearance of depressive symptom markers in user-generated content from social media. We present two approaches: (i) train a model to classify, and another one to explain the classifier’s decision separately and (ii) unify the two tasks simultaneously within a single model. Additionally, for this latter manner, we also investigated the performance of recent conversational Large Language Models (LLMs) utilizing both in-context learning and finetuning. Our models provide natural language explanations, aligning with validated symptoms, thus enabling clinicians to interpret the decisions more effectively. We evaluate our approaches using recent symptom-focused datasets, using both offline metrics and expert-in-the-loop evaluations to assess the quality of our models’ explanations. Our findings demonstrate that it is possible to achieve good classification results while generating interpretable symptom-based explanations.
Towards an understanding of physical activity-induced post-exertional malaise: Insights into microvascular alterations and immunometabolic interactions in post-COVID condition and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Haunhorst Simon , Dudziak Diana , Scheibenbogen Carmen , Seifert Martina , Sotzny Franziska , Finke Carsten , Behrends Uta , Aden Konrad , Schreiber Stefan , Brockmann Dirk , Burggraf Paul , Bloch Wilhelm , Ellert Claudia , Ramoji Anuradha , Popp Juergen , Reuken Philipp , Walter Martin , Stallmach Andreas , Puta Christian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
A considerable number of patients who contracted SARS-CoV-2 are affected by persistent multi-systemic symptoms, referred to as Post-COVID Condition (PCC). Post-exertional malaise (PEM) has been recognized as one of the most frequent manifestations of PCC and is a diagnostic criterion of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Yet, its underlying pathomechanisms remain poorly elucidated.

Purpose and methods
In this review, we describe current evidence indicating that key pathophysiological features of PCC and ME/CFS are involved in physical activity-induced PEM.

Results
Upon physical activity, affected patients exhibit a reduced systemic oxygen extraction and oxidative phosphorylation capacity. Accumulating evidence suggests that these are mediated by dysfunctions in mitochondrial capacities and microcirculation that are maintained by latent immune activation, conjointly impairing peripheral bioenergetics. Aggravating deficits in tissue perfusion and oxygen utilization during activities cause exertional intolerance that are frequently accompanied by tachycardia, dyspnea, early cessation of activity and elicit downstream metabolic effects. The accumulation of molecules such as lactate, reactive oxygen species or prostaglandins might trigger local and systemic immune activation. Subsequent intensification of bioenergetic inflexibilities, muscular ionic disturbances and modulation of central nervous system functions can lead to an exacerbation of existing pathologies and symptoms.
Influence of different beam shapes on melt pool geometry of single melt tracks on IN718
Authors: Stoll Thomas , Prudlik Robin , Birg Markus , Wudy Katrin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe application of beam shaping is gaining more attention in additive technologies like Powder Bed Fusion of Metals using a laser-based system (PBF-LB/M). The paper at hand gives an insight in the application of three different laser beam shapes (a state-of-the-art Gaussian beam profile, a ring-core distribution 80/20, and an inversely calculated beam shape, based on a homogeneous melt pool temperature distribution in the conduction welding mode) producing single melt tracks on bare IN718 plates without powder. Executed investigations show a distinct difference concerning the generated melt pool dimensions, process windows, as well as solidification orientation. With the application of beam shaping, the avoidance of the keyhole mode with a more homogeneous temperature distribution in the melt pool delivers wider melt tracks, less process faults like balling, deep penetration of the laser (keyholing), protrusion and depression of the solidified melt pool, as well as a convenient process window with respect to part quality and process speed. The melt pool can be enlarged to a width of about 800 µm without any detectable process faults and a very flat penetration with the usage of beam diameters of 750–790 µm.
Averting older adults' memory function decline via meaningful activities: a follow-up longitudinal study
Authors: Akaida Shoma , Tabira Takayuki , Tateishi Mana , Shiratsuchi Daijo , Shimokihara Suguru , Kuratsu Ryota , Akasaki Yoshihiko , Hidaka Yuma , Makizako Hyuma 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of satisfaction with meaningful activities and their performance on the memory function among community-dwelling older adults 3 years later.

Methods
A longitudinal analysis was conducted on 288 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and more who had completed the survey in 2019 and 2022 as participants in the Tarumizu Study. Meaningful activities were assessed in 2019 using the Aid for Decision-Making in Occupation Choice for activities. Satisfaction with and performance of meaningful activities were assessed, and the bottom 25% were classified into two groups: low satisfaction and low performance. Memory function was assessed using the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool in 2019 and 2022. Changes in memory function over 3 years were analyzed by satisfaction and performance of meaningful activities.

Results
Two-way analysis of variance with group (satisfaction with and performance of meaningful activities) and time (2019 and 2022) as factors showed no statistically significant group-time interaction for memory in the satisfaction with meaningful activities group (F = 1.4, p = 0.24). Meanwhile, a statistically significant group-time interaction was observed for memory in the meaningful activity performance group, indicating that high performance of meaningful activities may play a protective role against memory decline (F = 7.4, p = 0.007).

Conclusion
Higher performance of meaningful activities may protect against age-related changes in memory. A careful assessment of meaningful activities, and engagement that enhances performance may be useful in designing health support against memory decline.
Einflussfaktoren auf die Diagnosekompetenz (angehender) Lehrkräfte – ein systematisches Literaturreview
Authors: Wagner Luisa 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungFür einen differenzierenden Unterricht, der sich den Lernvoraussetzungen und dem -fortschritt der Schüler*innen anpasst, ist die adäquate Einschätzung ihrer Kompetenzen eine grundlegende Voraussetzung. Um diese Einschätzung vorzunehmen und somit der Heterogenität der Schüler*innen Rechnung zu tragen, stellt die Diagnosekompetenz der Lehrkräfte eine wichtige Grundlage dar. Es handelt sich also um eine bedeutsame Facette professioneller Kompetenz. Welche Merkmale der Beurteiler*innen sowie Schüler*innen diese beeinflussen, ist in der bisherigen Forschung allerdings noch nicht klar. Zwar widmen sich mittlerweile vielfältige Studien diesem Thema, sie kommen jedoch zu unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen und systematische Betrachtungen wurden bisher kaum durchgeführt. Daher wird in diesem Beitrag ein systematisches Literaturreview vorgestellt, das einerseits die Ergebnisse der 31 einbezogenen Veröffentlichungen (aus Deutschland) vorstellt und anhand derer ableitet, welche Faktoren möglicherweise im Zusammenhang mit der Diagnosekompetenz stehen. Andererseits wird durch die Beurteilung der Forschungsdesigns noch einmal die Notwendigkeit weiterer systematischer Untersuchungen mit hohem Evidenzgrad unterstrichen.
Pulsar classification: comparing quantum convolutional neural networks and quantum support vector machines
Authors: Slabbert Donovan , Lourens Matt , Petruccione Francesco 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWell-known quantum machine learning techniques, specifically quantum kernel-assisted support vector machines (QSVMs) and quantum convolutional neural networks (QCNNs), are applied to the binary classification of pulsars. In this comparative study, it is illustrated with simulations that both quantum methods successfully achieve effective classification of the HTRU-2 data set that connects pulsar class labels to eight separate features. While QCNNs are superior in terms of training and prediction speed compared to QSVMs, the preference shifts toward QSVMs when the present noisy NISQ-era devices are incorporated into the comparison. QSVMs demonstrate superior overall performance compared to QCNNs when assessed using binary classification performance metrics. Classical methods are implemented to serve as a benchmark for comparison with the quantum approaches.
Prime editing enables precise genome modification of a Populus hybrid
Authors: Zou Jinpeng , Li Yuhong , Wang Kejian , Wang Chun , Zhuo Renying 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCRISPR/Cas-based genome editing has been extensively employed in the breeding and genetic improvement of trees, yet precise editing remains challenging in these species. Prime editing (PE), a revolutionary technology for precise editing, allows for arbitrary base substitutions and the insertion/deletion of small fragments. In this study, we focused on the model tree poplar 84K (Populus alba × P. glandulosa). We used the 2 × 35S promoter to express a fusion protein of spCas9 nickase (nCas9) and engineered Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV), and the Arabidopsis thaliana AtU6 promoter to express an engineered PE guide RNA (epegRNA) and Nick gRNA, pioneering the establishment of the Prime Editor 3 (PE3) system in dicot poplar. Single-base substitutions, multiple-base substitutions, and small-fragment insertions/deletions were edited into three endogenous target genes. The desired edits were identified in hygromycin-resistant (transformed) calli at seven out of nine target sites, with an average editing efficiency ranging from 0.1 to 3.6%. Furthermore, stable T0 plants contained the desired edits at four out of nine targets, with editing efficiencies ranging from 3.6 to 22.2%. Establishment of the PE3 system provides a powerful tool for the precise modification of the poplar genome.
Connecting with the community: Perceptions of a community tour
Authors: Jones Christopher , Reilly Kandice , Peacock Brian , Denizard-Thompson Nancy , Walters-Stewart Alicia , McDowell Leslie Doroski , Valente Jessica , Aguilar Aylin A. , Lischke Michael , Montez Kimberly 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
This study explores the transformative effects of the Community Plunge, an educational program at the Wake Forest University School of Medicine (WFUSOM), on healthcare delivery, community engagement, and trainee perspectives. It addresses the broader context of health outcomes, where clinical care only accounts for 20%, emphasizing the critical role of social determinants of health (SDOH) and individual behaviors in the remaining 80%.

Methods:
WFUSOM’s Community Plunge, established in 2002, involves a guided tour of the community, discussions with residents, and debriefing sessions. Qualitative interviews with 20 clinicians were conducted to extract key themes and insights.

Results:
The study identified several key outcomes. First, participants gained crucial insights into the community’s history, structural challenges, and prevalent SDOH, enhancing their understanding of the diverse patient populations they serve. Second, the program positively influenced clinician attitudes, fostering empathy, reducing paternalism, and promoting holistic patient care. Third, participants expressed a desire for increased community involvement and reported career trajectory changes toward advocacy and volunteerism. However, challenges such as time constraints were acknowledged.

Conclusions:
The study advocates for collaborative efforts to enhance the program’s impact, including proactive measures to ensure respectful engagement during community tours. It positions the Community Plunge as an innovative, scalable, and transformative strategy for experiential SDOH exposure, crucial for the evolving social consciousness of healthcare learners.
On the local -Bound of the Eisenstein series
Authors: Jana Subhajit , Kamber Amitay 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study the growth of the local

$L^2$

-norms of the unitary Eisenstein series for reductive groups over number fields, in terms of their parameters. We derive a poly-logarithmic bound on an average, for a large class of reductive groups. The method is based on Arthur’s development of the spectral side of the trace formula, and ideas of Finis, Lapid and Müller.
As applications of our method, we prove the optimal lifting property for

$\mathrm {SL}_n(\mathbb {Z}/q\mathbb {Z})$

for square-free q, as well as the Sarnak–Xue [52] counting property for the principal congruence subgroup of

$\mathrm {SL}_n(\mathbb {Z})$

of square-free level. This makes the recent results of Assing–Blomer [8] unconditional.
THE NARRATIVES OF CICERO'S EPISTVLAE AD QVINTVM FRATREM: CAREER, REPUBLIC AND THE EPISTVLAE AD ATTICVM
Authors: Losito Laura 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe narrative and design of Cicero's overlooked collection of letters to his brother Quintus (henceforth, QFr.) demand investigation. Within each book, the constituent letters delineate the trajectory of Cicero's life, transitioning from his political prominence to his increasing irrelevance. This narrative unfolds not only within the micro-narratives of individual books but also across the macro-narrative of the entire collection. Containing only letters from Cicero to Quintus dated between 60/59–54 and featuring a notable resemblance to the Epistulae ad Atticum (henceforth, Att.) Books 2–4, QFr., it can be argued, functions as both a ‘microcosm’ of Att. and its supplement. This article addresses these issues and argues that QFr. deserves a place alongside the ‘major’ Ciceronian collections.