bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential of interval partial least square regression in estimating leaf area index
Authors: Kiala Zolo , John Odindi John Odindi , Mutanga Onisimo 
Published: September 2017

Leaf area index (LAI) is a critical parameter in determining vegetation status and health. In tropical grasslands, reliable determination of LAI, useful in determining above ground biomass, provides a basis for rangeland management, conservation and restoration. In this study, interval partial least square regression (iPLSR) in forward mode was compared to partial least square regression (PLSR) to estimate LAI from in-situ canopy hyperspectral data on a heterogeneous grassland at different periods (onset, mid and end) during summer. The performance of the two techniques was determined using the least relative root mean square error to the mean (nRMSEP) and the highest coefficients of determination (R2p) between the predicted and the measured LAI. Results show that iPLSR models could explain LAI variation with R2p values ranging from 0.81 to 0.93 and low nRMSEP from 9.39% to 24.71%. The highest accuracies for estimates of LAI using iPLSR were at mid- and end of summer (R2p = 0.93 and nRMSEP = 9.39%; R2p = 0.89 and nRMSEP = 10.50%, respectively). Pooling data sets from the three assessed periods yielded the highest prediction error (nRMSEP=24.71%). Results show that iPLSR performed better than PLSR, which yielded R2p and RMSEP values ranging from 0.36 to 0.65 and from 28.44% to 33.47%, respectively. Overall, this study demonstrates the value of iPLSR in predicting LAI and therefore provides a basis for more accurate mapping and monitoring of canopy characteristics of tropical grasslands.
Significance:

The relationship between LAI and canopy reflectance can be used in iPLSR modelling to provide more accurate mapping and monitoring of canopy characteristics for land management and conservation.
Hannah Arendt kulttuurista ja taiteesta
Authors: Suuronen Ville Aki Petteri 
Published: September 2017

Hannah Arendt on culture and art
This article examines Hannah Arendt as thinker of cultural policy by focusing on her reflections on culture and art. Even though Arendt is known primarily as a political theorist one can also read hear work in a broader sense as a philosophy of culture. This article discusses how Arendt’s various narratives of Western history are animated by the attempt to explain how we can come to terms with our fragmented past after what Arendt calls the breakdown of the Western cultural tradition in the modern age. The meaning of culture, narrativity and art as concepts for Arendt as well as her analysis of various art forms are dealt with in detail. I focus especially on the narrative and metaphorical aspects of art and philosophy in Arendt’s writings.
Keywords: Hannah Arendt, culture, politics, art, narrativity.
POPULATION-BASED ASSESSMENT OF THE RECTAL CANCER STAGE STRUCTURE AND INCIDENCE AFTER IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL PROJECT “HEALTH” AND ALL-NATIONAL DISPENSARIZATION IN THE ARKHANGELSK REGION, RUSSIA (THE RESULTS OF THE PRELIMINARY STUDY)
Authors: Dubovichenko D. M. , Valkov M. Y. , Karpunov A. A. , Pankrat'eva A. Yu. 
Published: September 2017

Objective. Assessment of the rectal cancer (RC) incidence and stage structure trends in the Arkhangelsk region (AR), Russia before and after implementation of national programs for health system reforming based on population data of the Arkhangelsk Regional Cancer Registry (ARCR) over the period 2000–2015.Materials and methods. Anonymized data on all cases of RC (C19.0‑C21.0) in the AR in 2000–2015 were extracted from the database of the ARCR. Over the study period, 3721 cases of the RC were selected. Age-standardized (ASR) RC incidence rate was calculated. Population number and its age distribution were taken from the Regional Bureau of Statistics, Arkhangelskstat. Time trends were analyzed using segmented regression.Results. Over the period, an incidence (ASR) of RC in AR increased from 11.5 to 14.2 per 100000. The incidence rates in the male population were higher than in women: 20.3 vs 12.6 in 2015. The growing trend of male incidence was stable. The ASR of RC incidence in female increased significantly by 4.6% per year in 2011–2015. RC ASRs for both urban and rural populations were growing, 12.3 and 20.4 per 100000 in 2015, respectively. StagesI, II, III and IV were established in 14%, 50%, 9% and 21% of cases, however, the stage I in urban residents was detected 4% more often. The proportion of stage I non-significantly varied from 10.6% to 13.3% in 2000–2015. After the introduction of the National Project “Health”, the proportion of the stage IV non-significantly decreased by 5.4% per year, same after the introduction of the All-national Dispensarization it non-significantly increased by 5.4% per year.Conclusion. Implementation of national programs for health system reforming didn’t provide significant improvement in earlier detection of RC. Introduction of national screening programs is necessary. A higher incidence rates among males and rural population require detailed analysis.
“Verbi – o idioma do caos”: línguas, linguagens e a psique Junguiana em cena
Authors: Figueira Jussara Paraná Sanches , Haddad Luiz Naim , Naspolini Marisa , Fialho Francisco 
Published: September 2017

Este artigo procura compreender o espetáculo cênico “Verbi – o idioma do caos”, do ponto de vista das línguas e linguagens utilizadas e sugeridas. Dentro do contexto da visão junguiana da psique humana, são explorados os conceitos de consciência, de inconsciente pessoal e de inconsciente coletivo e seus arquétipos. Tais arquétipos estão na base da construção desse trabalho artístico. Para uma reflexão mais ampla, a partir do ponto de vista escolhido, foram também trazidas contribuições de Deleuze e Guattari, Espinoza e do escritor contemporâneo Mia Couto.
O negacionismo do Holocausto: pseudo-história e história pública
Authors: Castro Ricardo Figueiredo de 
Published: September 2017

O Holocausto é um dos temas mais tratados pela História Pública, mas uma forma de pseudo-história, o Negacionismo do Holocausto contamina o debate público em torno do assunto com um discurso de ódio, maniqueísta e antissemita que é usado pela extrema-direita contemporânea como um elemento de coesão ideológica e, simultaneamente, como uma estratégia de tentar se viabilizar politicamente por meio da negação dos crimes contra a humanidade cometidas pelo regime Nacional-Socialista alemão.
História Oral e História Pública: os caminhos para a posse da terra na Favela Vila Operária
Authors: Ferreira Denize Ramos 
Published: September 2017

No final do século XIX, início do século XX, embora ainda constituíssem locais pouco numerosos, as favelas já se apresentavam como áreas que preocupavam. A favela Vila Operária, surgiu em Duque de Caxias, na Baixada Fluminense, a partir da ocupação de um morro não habitado. Preocupava alguns políticos locais além do legítimo proprietário por não conseguir reaver sua propriedade sob o controle dos migrantes. Estes, desde o início, fortaleciam sua identidade social por meio de um novo enraizamento que se sustentava na ocupação da terra. A Prefeitura negociou em segredo a compra deste morro a partir de 2008. Quando tornei esta história pública em 2013, a Prefeitura foi obrigada a reconhecer, por interferência do Poder Judiciário, que os moradores tinham direito à posse desta terra. A História Oral e sua publicação tornaram reais o sonho de 1958.
Paisagem Sonora Urbana: escutas de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Vianna Graziela Mello 
Published: September 2017

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados parciais do nosso projeto de pesquisa que observa a paisagem sonora urbana em constante transformação a partir do relato de ouvintes-cronistas-flanêurs e habitantes anônimos sobre a paisagem sonora da Belo Horizonte descritas em crônicas e depoimentos e também de registros fotográficos da cidade. Desenvolvemos uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e pretendemos ainda realizar atividades extensionistas relacionadas ao registro dos sons da cidade de Belo Horizonte e de depoimentos dos seus habitantes e disponibilizar o acervo à comunidade local. Sons esses que constituem a paisagem sonora urbana registrada em crônicas publicadas ao longo do século XX e presentes na memória afetiva daqueles que atualmente habitam a cidade.
A história pública e suas vertentes em 'The Public History Reader'
Authors: Santhiago Ricardo 
Published: September 2017

Um “reader” pode ser tão somente aquilo que a adoção deste termo exige que ele seja: uma antologia, um compêndio, uma reunião de trabalhos escritos por uma variedade de autores. Mas um “reader” de certa área de conhecimento, propondo-se como tal, pode ter também – e desejavelmente tem – um caráter pedagógico valioso: o de compilar aquilo que se produziu de mais significativo nessa área, embrulhando esse conteúdo numa obra única, amplamente acessível, que contribui, para o bem ou para o mal, para a fixação de um cânone.
Geotagged US Tweets as Predictors of County-Level Health Outcomes, 2015–2016
Authors: Nguyen Quynh C. , McCullough Matt , Meng Hsien-wen , Paul Debjyoti , Li Dapeng , Kath Suraj , Loomis Geoffrey , Nsoesie Elaine O. , Wen Ming , Smith Ken R. , Li Feifei 
Published: September 2017

Objectives. To leverage geotagged Twitter data to create national indicators of the social environment, with small-area indicators of prevalent sentiment and social modeling of health behaviors, and to test associations with county-level health outcomes, while controlling for demographic characteristics. Methods. We used Twitter’s streaming application programming interface to continuously collect a random 1% subset of publicly available geo-located tweets in the contiguous United States. We collected approximately 80 million geotagged tweets from 603 363 unique Twitter users in a 12-month period (April 2015–March 2016). Results. Across 3135 US counties, Twitter indicators of happiness, food, and physical activity were associated with lower premature mortality, obesity, and physical inactivity. Alcohol-use tweets predicted higher alcohol-use–related mortality. Conclusions. Social media represents a new type of real-time data that may enable public health officials to examine movement of norms, sentiment, and behaviors that may portend emerging issues or outbreaks—thus providing a way to intervene to prevent adverse health events and measure the impact of health interventions.
A Smartphone Application to Reduce Time-to-Notification of Sexually Transmitted Infections
Authors: Cohen Adam Carl , Zimmerman Frederick , Prelip Michael , Glik Deborah 
Published: September 2017

Objectives. To measure whether the implementation of Healthvana—an online patient engagement platform and smartphone application—reduced the number of days between sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, notification, and treatment at AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF) Wellness Centers. Methods. We analyzed the retrospective data for 917 male clients who tested positive and received treatment for chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015. We included 8 AHF Wellness Centers from California and Florida in the study. We used regression models to evaluate the relationship between Healthvana implementation (pre-Healthvana vs post-Healthvana) and the number of days between the STI test, notification, and treatment. Results. Following Healthvana implementation at the AHF Wellness Centers, the mean number of days decreased between the STI test and notification, from 8 to 6 days. The mean number of days between the overall STI test and treatment decreased from 12 to 10 days. Regression models found the reduction in the number of days from STI test to notification to be statistically significant. Conclusions. Smartphone applications like Healthvana are promising technologies to ensure clients are successfully and immediately notified of their STI test results.
Opportunistic Use of CT Imaging for Osteoporosis Screening and Bone Density Assessment
Authors: Gausden Elizabeth B. , Nwachukwu Benedict U. , Schreiber Joseph J. , Lorich Dean G. , Lane Joseph M. 
Published: September 2017

Background:
The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical opportunities for the use of computed tomography (CT) imaging for inferring bone quality and to critically analyze the correlation between dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and diagnostic CT as reported in the literature.

Methods:
A systematic review of the MEDLINE database was performed in February 2016 using the PubMed interface. The inclusion criteria were English language, studies performed using living human subjects, studies pertaining to orthopaedics, use of conventional diagnostic CT scans, studies that measured cancellous bone, and studies that reported Hounsfield unit (HU) measurements directly rather than a computed bone mineral density.

Results:
Thirty-seven studies that reported on a total of 9,109 patients were included. Of these, 10 studies correlated HU measurements of trabecular bone with DXA-based bone assessment. Reported correlation coefficients ranged between 0.399 and 0.891, and 5 of the studies reported appropriate threshold HU levels for diagnosing osteoporosis or osteopenia.

Conclusions:
Direct HU measurement from diagnostic CT scans has the potential to be used opportunistically for osteoporosis screening, but in its current state it is not ready for clinical implementation. There is a lack of exchangeability among different machines that limits its broad applicability. Future research efforts should focus on identifying thresholds at specific anatomic regions in high-risk patients in order to have the greatest impact on patients. However, using diagnostic CT to infer region-specific osteoporosis could be extraordinarily valuable to orthopaedic surgeons and primary care physicians, and merits further research.
MRI Findings in Patients After Small-Head Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty with a Minimum Follow-up of 10 Years
Authors: Reiner Tobias , Do Thuy D. , Klotz Matthias C. , Hertzsch Fabian , Seelmann Kirsten , Gaida Matthias M. , Weber Marc-André , Gotterbarm Tobias 
Published: September 2017

Update
This article was updated on October 6, 2017, because of a previous error. On pages 1540 and 1545, the author's name that hadread “Matthias C. Klot, MD” now reads “Matthias C. Klotz, MD.”
An erratum has been published: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2017 Nov 15;99(22):e124.

Background:
Concern has been raised about the late onset of adverse reactions to metal debris (ARMD) in patients with a small-head metal-on-metal total hip replacement. The aims of this study were to assess the frequency and characteristic appearance of ARMD in patients with a small-head (28-mm) metal-on-metal total hip replacement and elevated blood ion levels (>1 μg/L) after a minimum follow-up of 10 years and to analyze the possible risk factors associated with the prevalence of these lesions.

Methods:
In the present study, we used metal artifact reduction sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MARS MRI) to investigate the cases of 53 patients (66 hips) with a small-head (28-mm) metal-on-metal total hip replacement and elevated blood ion levels at a mean follow-up interval of 15.5 years (range, 10.6 to 19.3 years). Whole blood metal ion levels (cobalt and chromium), clinical outcome scores (Harris hip score), and radiographs were obtained for each patient. Tissue samples from patients who had revision surgery were histologically examined.

Results:
MARS MRI revealed ARMD in 27 hips (41%). Most hips with ARMD (67%) were asymptomatic. ARMD were generally small, with a median lesion size of 2.3 cm3 (range, 0.3 to 71.4 cm3) and predominantly cystic in nature. Multivariate regression analysis revealed positive correlation between cobalt ion levels and the presence of ARMD. In this case series, the risk for the development of ARMD was 2.87 times higher for every 1 μg/L increase of blood cobalt ion concentration (95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 8.17; p = 0.048).

Conclusions:
In this case series, ARMD were seen in 41% of the hips following small-head metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty at long-term follow-up, and most patients with ARMD were asymptomatic. Blood cobalt ion levels could be identified as a risk factor for ARMD. However, ARMD also occurred in patients with low metal ion levels. Further studies are necessary to investigate the role of ARMD in asymptomatic patients with this bearing type.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Trends in the Treatment of Single and Multilevel Cervical Stenosis
Authors: Arrojas Alfredo , Jackson J. Benjamin , Grabowski Gregory 
Published: September 2017

Background:
In order to identify any changes in the utilization of new and old techniques, we investigated trends in the operative management of cervical stenosis by orthopaedic surgeons applying for board certification.

Methods:
We queried the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery database from 1998 to 2013 to identify all of the cervical spine procedures for stenosis that had been performed by candidates taking Part II of the licensing examination. Longitudinal trends were determined for the utilized approach, the individual procedures that had been performed, and whether a motion-preserving technique had been employed.

Results:
There were 5,068 cervical spine procedures performed by 1,025 candidates. Procedure totals remained relatively constant until 2011, when a sudden increase of 280% (202 to 768 procedures) was noted. This trend continued, reaching a 460% increase (202 to 1,131 procedures) compared with 2010. The number of candidates only rose by 150% (42 to 105) over the entire study period. The proportion of procedures performed via an anterior approach saw a bimodal distribution; early on, this approach predominated over posterior procedures and was largely driven by the number of corpectomies that were performed. From 2004 to 2011, posterior procedures became more prevalent, but there was a sharp decline in 2011, driven by the large number of anterior cervical discectomies and fusions that were performed. This remained constant through 2013. Lastly, motion-preserving techniques, which included total disc replacement and laminoplasty, had modest increases in utilization from 2005 to 2007. This increased prevalence was short-lived, and it steadily declined through 2014 to <5% utilization.

Conclusions:
The number of candidates performing cervical spine procedures increased more than twofold over a 16-year period. This reflects a larger proportion of the orthopaedic graduates who subspecialize in spine surgery. While the number of surgeons performing spine surgery has increased, the sheer number of procedures that each surgeon performed greatly outpaced the increased number of surgeons. Motion-preserving techniques had their peak utilization in 2007, and have since decreased to <5%, in contrast to fusion techniques, which predominate, comprising >90% of the performed procedures.
Medical Team Training Improves Team Performance
Authors: Carpenter James E. , Bagian James P. , Snider Rebecca G. , Jeray Kyle J. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract:
Effective teamwork and communication can decrease medical errors in environments where the culture of safety is enhanced. Health care can benefit from programs that are based on teamwork, as in other high-stress industries (e.g., aviation), with crew resource management programs, simulator use, and utilization of checklists. Medical team training (MTT) with a strong leadership commitment was used at our institution to focus specifically on creating open, yet structured, communication in operating rooms. Training included the 3 phases of the World Health Organization protocol to organize communication and briefings: preoperative verification, preincision briefing, and debriefing at or near the end of the surgical case. This training program led to measured improvements in job satisfaction and compliance with checklist tasks, and identified opportunities to improve training sessions. MTT provides the potential for sustainable change and a positive impact on the environment of the operating room.
Osseointegrated Transtibial Implants in Patients with Peripheral Vascular Disease
Authors: Atallah Robin , Li Jiao Jiao , Lu William , Leijendekkers Ruud , Frölke Jan Paul , Al Muderis Munjed 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Osseointegration is an alternative treatment for amputees who are unable to wear or have difficulty wearing a socket prosthesis. Although the majority of limb amputations are due to vascular disease, such amputations have been perceived as a contraindication to osseointegration surgery. We report the outcomes of osseointegrated reconstruction in a series of 5 patients with limb amputation due to peripheral vascular disease.

Methods:
Five patients with transtibial amputation and a history of peripheral vascular disease who received an osseointegration implant from 2014 to 2015 were followed for 12 months. Clinical and functional outcomes were assessed, including pain, the amount of time the patient wore the prosthesis, mobility, walking ability, and quality of life. Adverse events, including infection, fracture, implant failure, revision surgery, additional amputation, and death, were monitored and recorded.

Results:
Five transtibial amputees (56 to 84 years of age) followed for 1 year after osseointegration surgery were included in this case series. The mobility of all patients was improved at the time of follow-up. Three patients were wheelchair-bound prior to the surgery but all 5 were able to walk and perform daily activities at the time of follow-up. Four of the 5 patients were pain-free at 12 months postoperatively, and all 5 were using the osseointegrated prosthesis. Two patients had a single episode of superficial soft-tissue infection.

Conclusions:
An osseointegrated implant may be considered a feasible alternative to the conventional socket prosthesis for patients with peripheral vascular disease.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.