bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of adolescent-specific prenatal interventions on improving attendance and reducing harm during and after birth: a systematic review
Authors: Tibingana-Ahimbisibwe Brenda , Katabira Catherine , Mpalampa Lena , Harrison Roger A 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background:
Adolescent pregnancy has been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes including pre-term birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW) and perinatal death.

Objective:
To systematically review the effect of adolescent-specific interventions on reducing PTB, LBW, and perinatal death and increasing prenatal care attendance.

Search strategy:
Possible studies for inclusion were identified by a comprehensive search of OvidSP MEDLINE (limits: humans, 1990–present), EMBASE (limits: humans, 1990–2015), Popline and Global Health Database from the World Health Organisation (WHO) and PubMed International scientific databases, and references of identified articles were searched from 1990 to present.

Selection criteria:
All types of controlled studies of prenatal interventions were exclusive to adolescents and at least one of the outcomes of interest.

Data collection and analysis:
Investigators identified relevant studies and entered the data in a pro forma. Data were summarised as forest plots and narrative synthesis.

Main results:
Twenty-two studies (three randomised controlled trials (RCTs), four prospective cohort studies, nine retrospective cohort studies, five case controls and one natural experiment) were included with all but one study being carried out in higher-income countries. Seven of the 16 studies reporting on PTB found a statistically significant reduction in PTB rates between adolescent-specific prenatal care (intervention) and non-age specific prenatal care odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) ranged from OR: 0.15 (95% CI: 0.03–0.83) to OR: 0.59 (95% CI: 0.45–0.78). Nine of the 12 studies reported statistically significant higher mean prenatal attendance rates among the intervention group compared to controls (ranging from a mean number of visits of 14.3 vs. 10.7 p<0.001 to 10.8 vs. 7.6 visits p<0.001). The type and construct of the interventions, their implementation and local population differed sufficiently that a statistical synthesis was deemed inappropriate.

Conclusion:
There is some evidence that adolescent-specific programs can increase prenatal attendance and reduce the risk of PTB and low birth rate but their effect on perinatal death is uncertain. There is a distinct lack of evidence of the effectiveness of these interventions for adolescents living in low-middle income countries, despite having the majority of adolescent pregnancies, and associated risk of harm. No high-quality intervention studies were identified. Robust, cluster-based RCTs are an urgent necessity to quantify the impact of these interventions and to identify factors contributing to their success.
Design and Simulation of a Chaotic Micromixer with Diamond-Like Micropillar Based on Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Chen Xueye , Shen Jienan 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Microfluidic mixing is an essential part of the process of microfluidic chip technology in the analysis, and micromixer has also become the key components of microfluidic chip analysis system. For DNA hybridization, protein folding and enzyme reaction, some biochemical processes need to react quickly to achieve on analysis and research has the vital significance. A simple, rapid and low-cost passive micromixer is presented in this paper. In order to improve the mixing efficiency of the species, the concept of a splitting and recombination (SAR) was used to shorten the mixing time of the species. This study simulated the species mixing in a micromixer with traditional T-type micromixer and diamond-like micropillar in laminar flow state through COMSOL multiphysics 3.5a to computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Linking artificial neural network (ANN) and CFD was used to optimize the diamond-like micropillar. Finally, simulation results proved that the micromixer with SAR diamond-like concept achieves a high-efficiency mixing than T-type micromixer. Numerical results also show that the mixing efficiency of the SAR micromixer with diamond-like micropillar can be up to 99 %, and that efficiency can reach rapidly 90 % in a short channel distance.
A CNC Parametric Programming Method for Manufacturing of Axisymmetric Mould Cavities
Authors: Omirou Sotiris L. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper presents a convenient and an easy to use manufacturing method for parts with axisymmetric geometry on CNC milling machines. The desired form of the cavities is achieved by selecting as generatrix curve any plane curve, implicitly or parametrically defined, which fulfills specific imposed by the user criteria (functional, aesthetic or other). Each machining pass is modelled as a path composed of generatrix curve segments and semicircular arcs. The surface quality is controlled by keeping the distance between successive scallops within a programmed value. Tool motion along the desired paths is generated by G-code algorithms that exploit the parametric programming technique, a powerful CNC programming tool. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation tests for three representative curves.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-7-methyl-4-(3,4-difluoro-phenyl)-5-oxo-4H,5H-pyrano[4,3-b]pyran-3-carbonitrile, C16H10F2N2O3
Authors: Zheng Dongjing , Yang Yige , Li Jing 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
C16H10F2N2O3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.4647(7) Å, b = 11.8726(7) Å, c = 12.5732(8) Å, β = 92.262(4)°, V = 1411.76(16) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0459, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1285, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of 1,4-dihydro-1-phenylchromeno[4,3-c]pyrazole, C16H12N2O
Authors: Amr Abd El-Galil E. , Hafez Naglaa A. Abdel , Ali Korany A. , Al-Omar Mohamed A. , Ghabbour Hazem A. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
C16H12N2O, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.4475(3) Å, b = 12.2779(7) Å, c = 18.0975(11) Å, V = 1210.43(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0326, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0855, T = 100 K.
Hookeria acutifolia (Hookeriaceae, Bryophyta), A Genus and Species New for Thailand
Authors: Juengprayoon Wanwisa , Poopath Manoop , Chantanaorrapint Sahut 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHookeria acutifolia Hook. & Grev. is reported here as a new genus and species record for Thailand. A description, line drawing and photographs are provided, and its lectotype is designated here.
Cross-linguistic influence in bilingual language acquisition: Determining onset and end
Authors: Guijarro-Fuentes Pedro 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this paper we review current novel work across several languages and instances of bilingual acquisition (2L1 and child L2), whose focus is on the syntax and semantics of different linguistic phenomena with a range of naturalistic and experimental methodologies (e. g. grammaticality judgments, truth-value judgment task, semantics entailment experiments in on-line and off-line modalities and longitudinal data) to determine at which age one can say that the influence of one language over the other diminishes or disappears. Moreover, we discuss the central issue of what may trigger the end of the influence of one language over the other.
Interdisciplinary consensus statement on indication and application of a hydrogel spacer for prostate radiotherapy based on experience in more than 250 patients
Authors: Müller Arndt-Christian , Mischinger Johannes , Klotz Theodor , Gagel Bernd , Habl Gregor , Hatiboglu Gencay , Pinkawa Michael 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to reach a consensus on indication and application of a hydrogel spacer based on multicentre experience and give new users important information to shorten the learning curve for this innovative technique.

Methods
The interdisciplinary meeting was attended by radiation oncologists and urologists, each with experience of 23 – 138 hydrogel injections (SpaceOAR®) in prostate cancer patients before dose-escalated radiotherapy. User experience was discussed and questions were defined to comprise practical information relevant for successful hydrogel injection and treatment. Answers to the defined key questions were generated. Hydrogel-associated side effects were collected to estimate the percentage, treatment and prognosis of potential risks.

Results
The main indication for hydrogel application was dose-escalated radiotherapy for histologically confirmed low or intermediate risk prostate cancer. It was not recommended in locally advanced prostate cancer. The injection or implantation was performed under transrectal ultrasound guidance via the transperineal approach after prior hydrodissection. The rate of injection-related G2-toxicity was 2% (n = 5) in a total of 258 hydrogel applications. The most frequent complication (n = 4) was rectal wall penetration, diagnosed at different intervals after hydrogel injection and treated conservatively.

Conclusions
A consensus was reached on the application of a hydrogel spacer. Current experience demonstrated feasibility, which could promote initiation of this method in more centres to reduce radiation-related gastrointestinal toxicity of dose-escalated IGRT. However, a very low rate of a potential serious adverse event could not be excluded. Therefore, the application should carefully be discussed with the patient and be balanced against potential benefits.
Research-based Reflections on How the Educational, Economic and Social Circumstances Faced by Some Children and Young People Can Lead to Significant Disadvantage and Vulnerability
Authors: Tucker Stanley , Trotman Dave 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The paper provides detailed reflections on the educational, economic and social circumstances that impact on the lives of many disadvantaged and vulnerable children and young people. Drawing largely on primary research data collected in Romania, Germany and the United Kingdom, three illustrative case studies are presented for consideration focusing on: life in residential care and youth offending institutions; experiences of educational vulnerability; and human trafficking. The methodological approach adopted across the research projects explored, was shaped by the demands and expectations of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). All of the reported data reflects the views of children and young people who were interviewed as part of three research projects. It is argued that the difficult and challenging circumstances that many children and young people find themselves in, place them at significant disadvantage and increased vulnerability in terms of their social and educational development and life chances.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted pyrazole derivatives
Authors: Yahyavi Hoda , Hosseinzadeh Fatemeh , Karimi Nastaran , Moghimi Setareh , Mahdavi Mohammad , Nadri Hamid , Moradi Alireza , Shafiee Abbas , Foroumadi Alireza 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We report a solvent-free synthesis of novel 1,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted pyrazoles and investigate their inhibitory activity against soybean 15-lipoxygenase. It was revealed that all synthesized compounds exhibited good activity, and among them, 3-(furan-2-yl)-1,4,5-triphenyl-1H-pyrazole (5j) showed 10 times stronger inhibitory activity in comparison to the reference drug quercetin.
Institutional Effects on the Careers of State Supreme Court Justices
Authors: Curry Todd A. , Hurwitz Mark S. 
Published: August 2016

<p align="center"> </p><p>We contend a direct connection exists between risk of removal from the bench and the length of judicial careers, as institutional mechanisms present varying but predictable degrees of risk to justices. Using event history modeling, we analyze the duration of judicial tenures and resultant levels of risk provided by selection methods. We demonstrate that justices in partisan elections have the shortest tenures and greatest risk of departure. By contrast, the Missouri Plan evidenced the longest careers, offering a trivial amount of risk to justices. We show that the length of judicial careers are, in part, a function of the institutional design of selection and retention systems.</p><strong><br clear="all" /> </strong><p><strong> </strong></p>
Personal Effectiveness, Organizational Culture and Work-Related Stress among Teachers
Authors: Sanyal Nandini , Fernandes Tina , Fatima Asfia 
Published: August 2016

<div><p><em>The aim of the study was to observe whether there is a relationship between personal effectiveness, organizational culture and work-related stress among teachers. The study also aimed to observe the difference between teachers working in different institutions (viz., CBSE, ISC, UG, &amp; PG) with respect to the same. Personal Effectiveness Scale – Teachers (Pareek, 2001), Organizational Culture Profile (Pareek, 2003) and Stress Indicator Tool (Kelly, 2004) were administered to a sample of 320 teachers working in CBSE schools (n=80); ISC schools (n=80); under-graduate colleges (n=80); and post-graduate colleges (n=80) who were selected through a purposive sampling technique. Results indicated significant differences between teachers working in different institutions with respect to the dimensions of organizational culture (p&lt;0.05). The teachers working in CBSE institutions reported more favourable perception of their organizational culture than those working in ISC, UG or PG institutions. Results also indicated that significant correlations were observed between the dimensions of self-disclosure, proaction, authenticity and confrontation (p&lt;0.05) among the CBSE, ISC, UG, and PG teachers. This study highlights the importance of periodic self-assessment to enhance effective work performance of teachers thereby improving the productivity and work culture of the educational organization.</em></p></div><p> </p>
Completing a 50-Stage Delaware Basin Well Without Annular Isolation, Using Coiled Tubing Deployed Jet Perforating
Authors: Rebol Amanda E 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
A small operator drilling its first well in Reeves County in the Delaware Basin was unable to execute a liner cement job, leading to discussions about abandoning the well due to anticipated difficulties in achieving a successful multistage completion without annular isolation. However, given the investment in drilling, the operator decided to evaluate stimulation options. The ideal stimulation would maximize isolation between stages as well as reduce screenout risk. Plug-and-perf (PnP) opened too many conduits to the wellbore, and certainty of frac placement seemed low. However, without sleeves or external packers in place, perforations needed to be created between each stage.
Ultimately, a coiled-tubing-deployed system with the ability to jet-cut perforations was selected as the method with the highest potential for success. Perforations were cut with sand slurry pumped down 2-in. coiled tubing and through nozzles in the cutting sub. At each stage, four perforations were cut at 90° phasing. Fracs were pumped down the annulus between the coiled tubing and the 4-1/2-in. liner with a maximum frac rate of 20–25 bbl/min. As an added benefit, the coiled tubing enabled real-time pressure monitoring along with the ability to dilute sand concentration during a frac and to circulate out sand from any screenouts.
The operator originally planned the stimulation for 20 stages, but, based on early success, extended the job to the length of the wellbore, with a total of 50 stages at 80-ft spacing. The jet-perforating tool cut all 50 stages without requiring a trip to surface for repair or replacement, and the bridge plug seal element provided complete wellbore isolation at every stage, while sustaining minimal wear.
Data from the downhole memory gauge located below the isolation bridge plug revealed that almost 60% of the stages experienced either near or far-wellbore pressure communication between stages. Despite this pressure communication, sand cleanouts were not required, although one was performed during flowback.
This well has been producing slightly under the regional type curve but is projected to exceed it. Despite the initial concerns about completion feasibility, the lateral was stimulated effectively and successfully without stretching economic or technological barriers.
This paper fully describes the completion options, the selection criteria, and the stimulation operation.
Quantitative Evaluation of Key Controls on Eagle Ford Shale Gas Condensate Production Using History Match and Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Tian Yao , Ayers Walter B. , McCain William D. , Ehlig-Economides Christine 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In 2014, U.S. crude oil reserves exceeded 39 billion barrels, the fourth-highest on record, and proved reserves of natural gas increased to 388.8 trillion cubic feet, surpassing the record from 2013 (EIA 2015). The Eagle Ford Shale is a primary contributor to the added U.S. proved oil and gas reserves (EIA 2015). Successful exploration and development of the Eagle Ford Shale play requires reservoir characterization, recognition of fluid regions, and the application of optimal operational practices in all regions.
Various approaches have been used to determine which geologic parameters have the greatest influence on Eagle Ford Shale well productivity. Previously, regional statistical studies of production and geologic parameters were employed to analyze the relative importance of depth, thickness, and total organic carbon content on cumulative production. Regression coefficients and P values were examined. Although those studies provided insights to regional controls on Eagle Ford production trends, understanding which geologic parameters have the greatest impact on production performance of individual wells required more detailed simulation models.
Based on the frameworks provided by stratigraphic and petrophysical analyses, a single well compositional model for a representative Eagle Ford gas condensate well was built, and history matching based on production and pressure data was performed. PVT reports were available to simulate phase behavior. Multiple good history matches were obtained by varying a set of uncertain input parameters, such as water saturation, and relative permeability. Porosity and permeability were modeled as functions of pressure to consider reservoir compaction effects. The distribution of parameters from various history match results was plotted, allowing their impacts on the production behavior of the well to be quantitatively correlated and analyzed. This approach was preferred to traditional sensitivity study approaches, where a single parameter is changed each time, and the ranges of the parameters are not guided by historical data. In addition, interactions among the parameters cannot be considered without history matching. Well deliverability was also modeled to optimize the oil production rate by designing appropriate operational parameters.
Hydraulic fracture geometry and reservoir drainage area are the dominant controls on production. Reservoir modeling suggests low bottomhole flowing pressure was the key to optimizing cumulative gas condensate production. Minor changes in porosity significantly impact production Eagle Ford Shale condensate production, whereas production is less sensitive to variations of water saturation and matrix permeability. Concepts and models developed in this study may assist operators in making critical Eagle Ford Shale development decisions, including optimizing individual well performance.
En torno a la esencia del poder. Un estudio comparativo entre Max Scheler y José Ortega y Gasset
Authors: Gibu Shimabukuro Ricardo 
Published: August 2016

La admiración por el genio y la grandeza de Scheler puede ser contrastada con la dura crítica que Ortega lleva a cabo a la relación vida-guerra expuesta en Der Genius des Krieges und der deutsche Krieg (1915). «Vida» no es solo la lucha por el crecimiento y por el poder, es también seguridad y confianza en la permanencia de las cosas, capacidad de separarse de la naturaleza refugiándose en la propia intimidad y voluntad de transformar la naturaleza a partir del mundo esbozado a través de la imaginación. La evolución obrada en el pensamiento de Scheler permitirá redefinir la vida a través de la acción de un principio que la supera: el «espíritu». A través de esta evolución muchos puntos de la crítica de Ortega quedan superados. Surge entonces la pregunta por las coincidencias y diferencias entre ambos autores sobre la especificidad de la vida humana. Nuestro trabajo tiene como objetivo responder a esta cuestión a través de la noción de «poder».
Personalidad cognitiva y afrontamiento diferencial en ansiedad y depresión
Authors: Arias López Hugo Alejandro , Toro Tobar Ronald Alberto 
Published: August 2016

El objetivo fue identificar las diferencias entre estrategias de afrontamiento sociotrópicas y autonómicas en personas con síntomas ansiosos o depresivos. Según Clark, Beck y Alford (1999) la hipótesis de afrontamiento diferencial afirma que existen estrategias de afrontamiento desadaptativas diferenciales entre sociotropía y autonomía (congruencia personalidad-síntoma-afrontamiento), en ansiedad o depresión. La muestra estuvo constituida por 590 participantes entre 18 y 50 años, de todos los estratos socioeconómicos, estados civiles y niveles de escolaridad. Los resultados obtenidos mediante análisis descriptivo-correlacionales y comparativos, revelaron diferencias significativas (p = .01) en ansiedad para afrontamiento sociotrópico (búsqueda de apoyo profesional), y en depresión para afrontamiento autonómico (solución de problemas). Estas estrategias de afrontamiento apoyan la evidencia de su función mediadora del afrontamiento en cada grupo sintomático y la hipótesis de vulnerabilidad cognitiva. A su vez, se reafirma el modelo tripartito (afecto negativo-positivo) como continuo ansiedad y depresión.
Escala de rosenberg para autoestima: consistencia interna y dimensionalidad en estudiantes de cartagena, colombia
Authors: Cogollo Zuleima , Campo-Arias Adalberto , Herazo Edwin 
Published: August 2016

El objetivo del estudio fue estudiar la consistencia interna y dimensionalidad de la Escala de Rosenberg para Autoestima, ERA (Rosenberg,1989) en estudiantes de secundaria de Cartagena, Colombia. Un total de 951 estudiantes con edades entre 10 y 15 años, media de 12,3 años(DE=1,1) y 52,6% de sexo femenino, que cursaban sexto y séptimo grado en varios colegios públicos completaron la ERA; se usó el patrón derespuesta dicotómico. Se calcularon los coeficientes de confiabilidad, Kuder-Richardson (1934) y omega de McDonald (1970) y el coeficiente de unidimensionalidad de Mosier (1943). Se llevaron a cabo análisis factoriales exploratorios para conocer la estructura interna de la ERA. La ERA mostró Kuder-Richardson de 0,63 y coeficiente de Mosier de 0,61 (No es unidimensional). La dimensión/escala ‘autoconfianza’ presentó Kuder-Richardson y omega de McDonald de 0,76, que explicó 51,1% de la varianza. Y la dimensión/escala ‘autodesprecio’ obtuvo Kuder-Richardson de 0,55 y omega de McDonald de 0,57, responsable de 38,0% de la varianza. Se concluye que La ERA es una escala bidimensional, ‘autoconfianza’ y ‘autodesprecio’. La escala ‘autoconfianza’ presenta alta consistencia interna y aceptable solución factorial. Se debe revisar la conceptualización teórica y el contenido de la escala para ‘autodesprecio’ de la ERA.