bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Casson hybrid nanofluid over bidirectional stretching surface with entropy analysis in stagnated domain
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Ahmad Iftikhar , Zan-Ul-Abadin Qazi , Badruddin Irfan Anjum , Hussien Mohamed 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore entropy evaluation in the bi-directional flow of Casson hybrid nanofluids within a stagnated domain, a topic of significant importance for optimizing thermal systems. The aim is to investigate the behavior of unsteady, magnetized and laminar flow using a parametric model based on the thermo-physical properties of alumina and copper nanoparticles.

Design/methodology/approach
The research uses boundary layer approximations and the Keller-box method to solve the derived ordinary differential equations, ensuring numerical accuracy through convergence and stability analysis. A comparison benchmark has been used to authenticate the accuracy of the numerical outcomes.

Findings
Results indicate that increasing the Casson fluid parameter (ranging from 0.1 to 1.0) reduces velocity, the Bejan number decreases with higher bidirectional flow parameter (ranging from 0.1 to 0.9) and the Nusselt number increases with higher nanoparticle concentrations (ranging from 1% to 4%).

Research limitations/implications
This study has limitations, including the assumption of laminar flow and the neglect of possible turbulent effects, which could be significant in practical applications.

Practical implications
The findings offer insights for optimizing thermal management systems, particularly in industries where precise control of heat transfer is crucial. The Keller-box simulation method proves to be effective in accurately predicting the behavior of such complex systems, and the entropy evaluation aids in assessing thermodynamic irreversibilities, which can enhance the efficiency of engineering designs.

Originality/value
These findings provide valuable insights into the thermal management of hybrid nanofluid systems, marking a novel contribution to the field.
Capacitation of ram spermatozoa promotes changes in energy metabolism and aquaporin 3 and is affected by individual testosterone variations
Authors: Peris‐Frau Patricia , Sanchez‐Rodriguez Ana , Velázquez Rosario , Toledano‐Díaz Adolfo , Castaño Cristina , Roldan Eduardo R. S. , Santiago‐Moreno Julián 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecently, the metabolic pathways involved in energy production and the role of aquaglyceroporins in capacitation‐associated events have been studied in humans and mice. However, little is known about these in ram spermatozoa.ObjectiveThe present study investigated bioenergetic and aquaglyceroporin 3 variations during in vitro capacitation of ram spermatozoa. In addition, differences in testosterone levels between males were examined to determine their influence on capacitation‐like changes.Materials and methodsSpermatozoa obtained from nine rams (ejaculates = 36) were incubated for 180 min in three different media (control, capacitating, and aquaglyceroporin‐inhibitor media) at 38.5°C. At 0 and 180 min of incubation in each medium, sperm viability, kinetics, chlortetracycline patterns, adenosine triphosphate concentration, lactate excretion (final subproduct of glycolysis), and immunolocalization of aquaporin 3 were evaluated.ResultsThe increment of the capacitated spermatozoa‐chlortetracycline pattern and the hyperactivated‐like movement characterized by the highest curvilinear velocity and amplitude of lateral head displacement and the lowest linearity was only recorded after 180 min in the capacitating medium. At this time and conditions, adenosine triphosphate content and lactate excretion decreased, whereas the aquaglyceroporin 3 location in the midpiece and principal piece increased compared to 0 min. Such changes were not observed in the control medium over time. Incubation in the aquaglyceroporin‐inhibitor medium for 180 min reduced drastically sperm motility and adenosine triphosphate content compared to the other media. Testosterone analysis revealed a significant individual variability, which was also present in all sperm parameters evaluated. Furthermore, testosterone was negatively correlated with adenosine triphosphate content but positively correlated with lactate excretion levels, sperm viability, motility, capacitated sperm‐chlortetracycline pattern, and aquaglyceroporin 3 immunolabeling in the midpiece and principal piece.ConclusionDespite individual differences, capacitation of ram spermatozoa increases adenosine triphosphate consumption, energy metabolism, and aquaglyceroporin 3 location in the midpiece and principal piece, which seems to be related to the acquisition of hyperactivated‐like motility. Furthermore, testosterone levels may serve as a valuable tool to select those males with a greater sperm metabolism rate and fertilizing capacity.
Against epigenetic responsibility: The problem of causality in ‘foetal programming’ science
Authors: McMahon Courtney , Mills Catherine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEmerging evidence that intrauterine exposures to environmental stressors can ‘programme’ epigenetic modifications in offspring, leading to long‐lasting health risks, has generated debate about whether prospective mothers have a specific ‘epigenetic’ moral responsibility. However, to date, proposals for maternal epigenetic responsibility have failed to grapple adequately with the uncertainty of scientific evidence, and specifically, whether the causal basis for intrauterine epigenetic effects is sufficiently established to ground claims of moral responsibility. Causality is widely considered a necessary condition for the attribution of moral responsibility. In this paper, we show that much foetal programming science in humans has yet to establish a causal epigenetic connection between intrauterine exposures and subsequent offspring health impacts. This research struggles to establish that the relationship between such exposures and offspring health risks is in fact causal, neither has it been able to evince the causal significance of exposures during pregnancy to such outcomes. We argue that these two challenges to establishing causality in foetal programming research seriously undercut the idea that prospective mothers may have a moral responsibility to ensure the epigenetics of their offspring.
Having, making and feeling home as a European immigrant in the United Kingdom post‐Brexit referendum: An interpretative phenomenological study
Authors: Foxwell Kate , Strohmaier Sarah , Jones Fergal , Nigbur Dennis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMigrants' subjective sense of home deserves further research attention. In the particular context of the United Kingdom's (UK's) decision to leave the European Union (‘Brexit’), we interviewed 10 European citizens living in the UK about their sense of home, using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). In our analysis, we identified themes of (1) having more than one home, (2) making and finding a new home, (3) being permanently different from the non‐migrant population and (4) a concern about feeling safe and welcome. Migration and sense of home involved building and rebuilding personal and social identity. Making a new home was effortful, and neither the old home nor the difference from the native population ever disappeared psychologically. This adds an experiential aspect to the idea of ‘integration’ in acculturation. Different notions of home were linked to different experiences of the impact of the Brexit referendum. We discuss the connections between acculturation, sense of home and lived experience and propose lived identity as a fruitful subject matter for social psychology.
Development and Validation of the Questionnaire of Young People's Participation–Young Adults (QYPP‐YA)
Authors: Cytera Chirine , Muehlan Holger , Rapp Marion , Guyard Audrey , Thyen Ute , Schmidt Silke , Markwart Henriette ,   the TRANS‐DISAB Collaborative Group
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Questionnaire of Young People's Participation (QYPP) was developed for use in children and adolescents. To track participation throughout transition from childhood to adulthood, we adapted it for young adults using focus groups. Aim of this study was to validate this measure, the QYPP–Young Adults (QYPP‐YA).MethodsWe recruited young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and a representative, same‐aged sample of the general population (GP). The GP‐sample was split into two equivalent subsamples, one part to identify the factor structure via exploratory factor analysis and another part to test the resulting model via confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability and different forms of validity were investigated.ResultsThe final QYPP‐YA includes 17 items assigned to six domains (Autonomy, Independency, Intimate Relationships, Interpersonal Relationships, Social Life, Online Communication). Scales show satisfying internal consistencies in the CP‐sample and in the GP‐sample, except for ‘Online Communication’. Convergent, divergent and known‐group validity were confirmed.ConclusionsThe QYPP‐YA instrument features promising psychometric characteristics to assess key domains of participation in healthy and disabled young adults. It provides a multidimensional, economic and sound assessment for use in population surveys and clinical trials.
Individualized telehealth home programme for children with cerebral palsy during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Oliveira Rachel H. S. , Mancini Marisa C. , Figueiredo Priscilla R. P. , Abrahão Leonardo C. , Reis Edna A. , Gordon Andrew M. , Brandão Marina B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo analyse the effects of an individualized telehealth home programme on the performance of functional goals of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodA prospective single‐group intervention study with children/adolescents with CP (n = 144; median age = 92 months [Q1 = 44.0, Q3 = 148.8]; 74 males, 70 females), representing all Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels participated in a 4‐month home programme in Brazil. An interdisciplinary team encouraged families to choose a functional goal to be trained. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was used at pre‐intervention (T1), post‐intervention (T2), and 3‐month follow‐up (T3). The differences in COPM scores at T1, T2, and T3 were evaluated using Friedman's test. The effect size was calculated using Cohen's d. Univariate analysis was included.ResultsSignificant improvements were observed after the intervention, with maintenance of scores after 3 months (p < 0.001, dperformance = 1.33; dsatisfaction = 1.31). None of the tested variables (child's abilities, age, caregiver's educational level, perception of family‐centredness, and type of goal) were significantly related to the change scores.InterpretationThe individualized remote telehealth home programme can be a potential intervention, especially for children with CP classified in GMFCS levels IV and V. Also, this intervention provided a possible solution to help some children and their families in performing prioritized functional goals during the pandemic period.
Longitudinal academic, language, and social emotional learning outcomes of graduates of a one‐way Spanish Immersion program
Authors: Padilla Amado M. , Chen Xinjie , Swanson Elizabeth , Peterson Margaret , Zamora Tatiana , Girsky Tami 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeven cohorts of students (N = 258) who completed a K‐5 Spanish Immersion (SI) program in a suburban California school district were followed longitudinally through middle and high school to understand their academic, language, and social emotional outcomes. Academic and language outcomes included Spanish classes and grades, standardized Math and English Language Arts test scores, high school grade point average (GPA), language class enrollment, Advanced Placement (AP™) Spanish scores, and receipt of the Biliteracy Attainment Award. Results showed that SI graduates generally continued with Spanish language classes up through advanced levels and received high grades. They had similar middle school Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium scores and high school GPAs as their non‐SI comparison group. There were no significant differences between SI and non‐SI students for each year on three different social emotional learning (SEL) outcomes (emotion regulation, growth mindset, and school belonging). Overall, results suggest that a K‐5 SI program can lead to positive academic and language outcomes without negative impacts on SEL.
Exploring international students' perspectives on being ‘international’
Authors: Eulatth Vidal William Ericsson , Kamp Annelies 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInternational student mobility has garnered significant attention in higher education research. Despite this attention, a fundamental question persists in the field: What does it mean to be an ‘international student’, as perceived by the students themselves? This article presents the findings of a phenomenological qualitative study to delve into the lived experiences of 12 undergraduate students from one university in Aotearoa New Zealand, focusing on elucidating these students' self‐perceptions as international students. The study challenges the conventional definition that often emphasizes geographic or visa‐related criteria, leading to homogenization. It underscores the diversity among international students, emphasizing that their unique experiences, backgrounds, personal narratives and perspectives play a pivotal role in shaping their multiple identities and sense of self.
Oncology Nurses' Communication Practices and Challenges Towards Advance Care Planning: A Sequential Explanatory Mixed‐Method Study
Authors: Shih Yi‐An , Wang Cheng , Ali Ali , Huang Xia , Lu Qian 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimsThis study aims to explore the practice of advance care planning (ACP) among Chinese oncology nurses and identify challenges influencing care provision.DesignA sequential explanatory mixed‐method design was employed, comprising a quantitative phase to assess communication practices, followed by a qualitative phase to explore the challenges faced in ACP.MethodsThe study employed convenience sampling, including 532 oncology nurses from seven hospitals in northern China. Quantitative data were collected through a cross‐sectional survey and the ACP communication index from December 2021 to January 2022. The qualitative phase consisted of 19 interviews conducted between May and July 2022, which were thematically analysed to elucidate the challenges in ACP practices.ResultsQuantitative findings revealed a low frequency of ACP communication among Chinese oncology nurses. Qualitative analysis identified four themes: lack of optimal timing, passive engagement of patients or families, reluctance of healthcare professionals and unsupported policies.ConclusionThe study concluded that identified challenges compromise the effectiveness of ACP practices among Chinese oncology nurses. Inadequate communication, limited interdisciplinary collaboration and policy gaps contribute to nonstandardised ACP processes.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareThe findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to enhance nurses' communication skills, foster interdisciplinary collaboration and provide policy support. Such interventions are pivotal to optimising end‐of‐life care in oncology settings and facilitating the integration of ACP into routine nursing practices.Reporting MethodsThis study adhered to the Mixed Methods Article Reporting Standards.Patient or Public ContributionNo contributions from patients or the public were involved in this study.
Low‐dose isotretinoin for the management of rosacea: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: King Aliyah , Tan Marcus G. , Kirshen Carly , Tolkachjov Stanislav N. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundRosacea is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory dermatosis predominantly affecting the central face and can result in significant psychosocial impacts. Isotretinoin has been studied for rosacea due to its anti‐inflammatory and sebum reduction properties, but its use remains limited likely due to its off‐label use and potential adverse events.ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated the efficacy and safety of low‐dose isotretinoin (LDI; ≤0.5 mg/kg/day) for the four main types of rosacea: erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous and ocular rosacea.MethodsRandomized and non‐randomized studies evaluating LDI for rosacea were included. Incomplete studies, non‐English studies and case reports were excluded. Study quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation scale.ResultsOf 435 studies, and 16 studies involving 1445 patients were included. LDI decreased lesion count (p = 0.03) and erythema (p = 0.01) with large effect [standardized mean difference (SMD) > 0.8]. Compared to topical retinoids and topical antimicrobials, isotretinoin had larger reductions in lesion count (p = 0.03) with moderate effect (SMD > 0.5). Mean lesion count and erythema remained reduced by 70% and 47%, respectively, at 16 weeks after LDI cessation. Relapse rate was 35% at 5.5 months post‐isotretinoin, and three patients (0.4%) experienced worsening of rosacea. Three patients (0.4%) experienced serious adverse events.ConclusionsStudy design heterogeneity limited more comprehensive comparisons. Overall, low‐dose isotretinoin may serve as an effective treatment for rosacea with good tolerability and safety.
What preferences do potential obstetrics‐gynecology specialists have regarding their working environment? Results of a questionnaire survey of participants in the Summer School 2023 of the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Mori Koichiro , Komatsu Hiroaki , Shimizu Mao , Sakaguchi Kazuki , Koga Kaori , Taniguchi Fuminori , Sano Hiroshi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThe chronic lack of obstetrics‐gynecology (Ob/Gyn) doctors is a serious problem to be tackled in Japan. To address this issue, it is necessary for medical students to be interested in working as an Ob/Gyn doctor and more junior residents need to specialize in Ob/Gyn. This study aims to identify the preferences concerning working conditions among students and discusses what information should be provided and what conditions should be changed.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted among participants in the Summer School 2023 of the Japanese Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The respondents were medical students and junior residents interested in Ob/Gyn. Ob/Gyn specialists contributing to the summer school were also asked the same questions for comparison. The resulting data focused on important working conditions, concerns about future work, and expected future working conditions.ResultsResponses from 132 medical students (97.8%, N = 135), 122 residents (99.2%, N = 123), and 76 specialists (95.0%, N = 80) were obtained. There were three main findings. First, large gaps between students/residents and specialists were observed in terms of preferences. Second, differences between male and female students/residents were not negligible, although the difference was relatively small in specialists. Third, students/residents were more concerned about risks related to medical malpractice than specialists.ConclusionsGaps in preferences and perceptions regarding working conditions between students/residents and specialists should be narrowed through sufficient information provision. Working conditions should become gender‐inclusive rather than focus on female persons.
The relationship of early expressed milk quantity and later full breastmilk feeding after very preterm birth: A cohort study
Authors: Levene Ilana , O'Brien Frances , Fewtrell Mary , Quigley Maria A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhen infants cannot directly breastfeed after birth, mothers are advised to initiate lactation through mechanical expression. Families are recommended to target an expression volume of at least 500–750 mL by Day 14 after birth, as this is considered a ‘critical window’ to establish milk supply. This is challenging for many mothers after a very preterm birth. This article explores the relationship of early milk quantity and later full breastmilk feeding as a ‘gold standard’ outcome, using statistical techniques designed for diagnostic tests. A cohort of 132 mothers of infants born at 23 + 0 to 31 + 6 weeks' gestational age submitted expressing logs on Day 4, 14 and 21 after birth and provided later feeding outcome. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the following 24‐h milk quantities were identified as associated with high probability of full breastmilk at 36 weeks' post‐menstrual age (PMA): on Day 4, ≥250 g (specificity 88%; positive predictive value 88%) and on Day 21 ≥650 g (specificity 88%; positive predictive value 91%). The following values were identified as associated with low probability of full breastmilk at 36 weeks' PMA: on Day 4 <50 g (sensitivity 92%; negative predictive value 72%) and on Day 21 <250 g (sensitivity 90%; negative predictive value 70%). Participants exceeding the high thresholds had 3–4 times increased likelihood of full breastmilk, whereas those below the low thresholds had 3–5 times lower likelihood. These thresholds have potential as targets for families, to provide individualised prognostic information and to help clinicians target more intensive lactation support.
War exposure and changes in eating behaviours in Ukrainian school‐aged children: A cross‐sectional online survey
Authors: Gulich Maria , Fedorova Dina , Petrenko Olena , Vepsäläinen Henna , Erkkola Maijaliisa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe war in Ukraine has exposed children to extremely high levels of acute and chronic stressors, which can impact their eating behaviour (EB). We aimed to determine the prevalence of war‐induced, stress‐related disruptions in EB of Ukrainian children. We conducted a cross‐sectional online survey among parents of 5‐ to 17‐year‐old children, who had experienced the war in Ukraine in February–May 2023. Guardians reported their child's various war exposure changes in EBs using a modified version of the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. We assessed associations between total and medium‐term EB changes and age, sex, and war exposure using bivariate correlations and χ2 tests. Logistic regression models were fitted to explore the associations between socio‐demographic factors, war exposure and frequency of EB changes. Of the 4854 children, 63% had changes in EBs during the war. The most common EB changes included food cravings (38%), food fussiness (37%), and aversion to certain foods (29%). Of the reported EB changes, 40% were medium‐term, lasting over a month, and related to altered attitudes towards food. Food insecurity (adjusted OR 2.35, 95% CI: 1.76–3.14), and displacement (internally 2.01, 1.19–3.42) emerged as the most influential determinants of medium‐term EB changes. The findings underscore a significant and robust association between war‐related exposures and an increased risk of frequent EB changes. As healthy EBs are learned during childhood and have been shown to track into adulthood, the identified disruptions in EB may have medium‐term consequences for the physical and mental health of Ukrainian children.