bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hematological Profile of Congenital Heart Disease Patients undergoing Surgical Correction: A Case–control Observational Study from North India
Authors: Ahamad Shadab , Kukshal Prachi , Kumar Ajay , Tulsi Anagha , Sharma Amita , Singh Paramvir 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a cardiac birth anomaly, contributing to ~28% of all birth defects, causing higher fetal and neonatal mortality worldwide. Complete blood count (CBC) is a widely used test for clinical investigation of the patient and is reported to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease and other metabolic disorders. This study reports the correlation between CBC indices and CHD.

Material and Methods:
n = 238 CHD patients and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. CBC was done with pre-operative blood. Student’s t-test, Chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression were performed for statistical analysis.

Results:
~79% (11 out of 14) parameters showed significant deviation from the controls. Lymphocytosis and low platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio were prominently demonstrated in all cases (P = 0.000), along with erythrocytosis in the cyanotic group. Interestingly, cyanotic patients, wherein anemia is more common, had significantly higher hemoglobin (HGB) (P = 0.000). Multivariate regression showed a strong correlation of hematocrit (HCT) with HGB (r = 0.92) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) (r = −0.76), red blood cell with HCT (r = 0.88), HGB (r = 0.83), and SpO2 (r = −0.78). Higher pulse, platelet counts and lymphocytes, low body mass index, mean corpuscular volume, HGB, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin may result in early diagnosis (P < 0.05) while decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration level can reduce ventilation time (P = 0.0004).

Conclusion:
Our study highlighted the relationship between CBC and CHD and their impact on the hospitalization status of patients from the North Indian cohort.
Prospective Interventional Cohort Study using AIIMS Simplified POC Algorithm for Restricted Blood Transfusion in Cyanotic Children
Authors: Chakraborty Sandeep , Kapoor Poonam Malhotra , Rajashekar Palleti , Devagourou V. , Patidar Gopal , Mathiyalagen Prakash 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
The coagulation parameters are known to be deranged in cyanotic congenital heart diseases (CCHDs). Perioperative hemorrhage, as well as massive blood and components transfusion, can cause hemodynamic and metabolic instability, which may lead to multi-organ damage and adversely affect the outcome of a well-performed surgical correction. In recent years, there are a number of studies shown that zero transfusion cardiac surgery, even with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), in adult as well as pediatric cardiac surgery is possible. This study yields a newer strategy to reduce over-ordering and transfusion of blood and blood products in cardiac surgeries, and in turn, this will also improve the outcome of cardiac surgeries, especially for CCHDs. Saved blood can save other lives, too.

Material and Methods:
Total 150 patients of either sex, with cyanotic congenital heart defect (CCHD) undergoing corrective surgery on CPB were used in this randomized controlled interventional cohort study. Written and informed consent was taken. Blood samples for ROTEM (Group A) and standard laboratory coagulation profile (Group B) were collected twice (T1: at aortic declaiming and T2: 10-15 minutes after protamine reversal). Blood and components were transfused according to ROTEM® algorithm or non POC algorithm (as per proposed algorithms) when indicated and outcomes recorded.

Results:
Despite a significant longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (140 vs. 128.5 min; P=0.019) in the POC group (ROTEM® based algorithm), we found a significant reduction in total drain output (357 vs. 426 mL; P=0.002), blood components transfusion (packed red blood cells, 3.0 vs. 6.0 U, P>0.001; plasma, 1 vs. 2 U, P<0.001; and platelets, 1 vs. 4 U, P<0.001), incidence of postoperative complications(42.5% vs. 65.7%, P=0.004), as well as duration of ICU stay (5 vs. 9 days, P=0.003). The reduction of in-hospital mortality was not significant (6.25% vs. 14.29%, P=0.102).

Conclusion:
ROTEM® based POC algorithm will guide us for rational blood components utilization and also help to reduce transfusion-related complications and duration of ICU stay.. Risk awareness and our easily interpretable algorithm will be helpful in this regard.
Thoracic hypertrophied ligamentum flavum: A retrospective study of pre-operative factors and surgical outcome
Authors: Ranjan Nitish , Shukla Abhishek , Verma Pawan Kumar , Kanjilal Soumen , Kumar Ashutosh , Mehrotra Anant , Maurya Ved Prakash , Bhaisora Kamlesh Singh , Srivastava Arun Kumar , Das Kuntal Kanti , Jaiswal Awadhesh Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
Thoracic hypertrophied ligamentum flavum (HLF) is a rare cause of thoracic myelopathy which requires surgical treatment. The study aims to analyze the pre-operative factors and surgical outcomes in patients with thoracic myelopathy secondary to HLF.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent surgery for thoracic myelopathy due to HLF at a single center from December 2015 to November 2023. We included patient’s demographic data, clinical symptoms, radiological details, operative details, and outcome. We used Nurick’s grading system for outcome evaluation in pre-operative, post-operative, and follow-up. Relationship of various pre-operative parameters was evaluated with surgical outcomes on binary scale (favorable group [Nurick’s grade 1 and 2] and unfavorable outcome [Nurick’s grade 3–5]) using univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results:
A total of 57 patients were included in the study. On analyzing various prognostic factors with respect to favorable and unfavorable outcomes using univariate analysis, four factors came out to be statistically significant which were segments involved (multi vs. single segment involvement) (P < 0.05), walking difficulty (P < 0.05), intramedullary signal changes on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (P < 0.001), and pre-operative Nurick’s grade (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, only one factor, pre-operative Nurick’s grade came out statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Various factors are important in predicting the outcome of a patient with thoracic myelopathy secondary to HLF. The most important of which is pre-operative Nurick’s grade. Other factors that also affect the outcome are the presence of multisegmented disease and intramedullary T2 signal changes on MRI.
Combined microscopic transoral and endoscopic endonasal approach for a clival chordoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Munuzuri-Camacho Marco Antonio , Palacios-Rodriguez Ricardo , Alanis-Mendizabal Jorge , Moncada-Habib Tomas , Sangrador-Deitos Marcos V. , Canela-Calderon Obet Jair , Alcocer-Barradas Victor 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Chordomas are primary bone tumors derived from the embryonic notochord. They represent 1–4% of all malignant bone tumors. They have a predominantly extra-axial location, arising in the clival region in 35% of reported cases. The prognosis is generally poor, and radical resection remains the first-line treatment. This study aims to describe a case of a clival chordoma that was resected through a combined microscopic transoral and endoscopic endonasal approach, with excellent clinical outcomes.

Case Description:
A 24-year-old woman with low cranial nerve symptomatology was admitted for a two-stage surgical approach. An occipital-cervical fixation was performed in the first stage, while a combined endonasaltransoral resection was performed later for tumor resection.

Conclusion:
Microscopic transoral and endoscopic endonasal approaches offer advantages for treating clival chordomas, with careful consideration of anatomical constraints and potential for postoperative recurrence being essential in approach selection.
Giant intracranial tuberculomas in children: An unexpected diagnosis and difficult management – About two cases and review of the literature
Authors: HAOUAS Mohammed Yassine , ELKHAMOUYE Amine , AADOUD Khalid , LAAIDI Abdelkouddous , IBAHIOIN Khadija , HILMANI Said , LAKHDAR Abdelhakim 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Giant intracranial tuberculomas are rare space-occupying lesions in the brain parenchyma, with a diameter >2.5 cm. They can mimic gliomas, meningiomas, and metastases. Diagnosis of this disease can be difficult without histological evidence. Tuberculosis (TB) affects people of all ages but is a major health problem among children. Misdiagnosis is common, as many clinical and radiological features are non-specific.

Case Description:
Case 1: A 4-year-old child presented with intracranial hypertensive syndrome and Brave– Jackson seizures. Imaging showed a left temporoparietal lesion with intense peripheral ring enhancement after gadolinium injection, and attaching to the dura mater. Total surgical excision was performed, and histological analysis confirmed granulomatous TB. A month later, he presented to the emergency department with neurological deterioration. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed disseminated TB of the central nervous system, with tuberculomas in the brain stem. The child died after a month in intensive care. Case 2: An 11-year-old boy presented with a headache that had been progressively worsening for 7 months. Imaging revealed a right frontal process mimicking a high-grade glial tumor. The child underwent surgery with total excision of the tumor. After a few days, he developed tubercular miliaria and was put on anti-bacillary treatment.

Conclusion:
Treatment includes antituberculosis therapy combined with surgery. This article describes the value of surgery for giant intracranial tuberculomas in two children under our care, with a review of the literature. We believe that the results of surgery for giant intracranial tuberculomas in children are favorable.
ГРИГОРИЙ ОРЕШКИН – РЕВОЛЮЦИОНЕР, ОФИЦЕР, КРАСНОГВАРДЕЕЦ, КОНСУЛЬТАНТ ФИЛЬМА «ШЕСТОЕ ИЮЛЯ»
Authors: Я.В. Леонтьев 
Published: October 2024

Биография Григория Матвеевича Орешкина – видного левого социалиста-революционера, активного участника событий революции и Гражданской войны в Москве и на Украине, долгое время оставалась без внимания историков. В статье рассматриваются основные вехи его жизни и деятельности. Орешкин являлся одним из руководителей Красной гвардии в Москве и входил в штаб обороны партии во время событий 6-7 июля 1918 г. Также он стал первым начальником Московской революционной пулеметной школы, с создания которой берет начало Московское высшее общевойсковое командное училище, и комиссаром отряда, взявшим Харьков в январе 1919 г., а впоследствии был консультантом во время подготовки к съемкам кинофильма «Шестое июля».
The biography of Grigory Matveevich Oreshkin, a prominent left Socialist Revolutionary, an active participant in the events of the revolution and the Civil War in Moscow and Ukraine, has long been ignored by historians. The article discusses the main milestones of his life and work. Oreshkin was one of the leaders of the Red Guard in Moscow and was a member of the party's defense headquarters during the events of July 6-7, 1918. He also became the first head of the Moscow Revolutionary Machine Gun School, from the creation of which the Moscow Higher Combined Arms Command School originates, and the commissar of the detachment that took Kharkov in January 1919, and subsequently was a consultant during the preparation for the filming of the movie “The Sixth of July”.
ПЕРЕСЕЛЕНЦЫ (УЙГУРЫ И ДУНГАНЕ) И ПРОБЛЕМА ИХ КАТЕГОРИЗАЦИИ В ПЕРИОД ДЕМАРКАЦИИ РУССКО-КИТАЙСКОЙ ГРАНИЦЫ (1851–1915 ГГ.)
Authors: Д.В. Сапрынская 
Published: October 2024

В статье предпринята попытка рассмотреть подходы к определению положения иноконфессиональных и иноязычных общин в лице уйгуров и дунган в разных правовых системах – китайской и российской. Большая часть привлеченных материалов для составления статьи базировалась на русскоязычных источниках. Поэтому в качестве выводов использованы более общие подходы в рамках категоризации населения внутри китайского видения и более частные в рамках российского. Отдельно автор приводит общемусульманский подход, который был распространен наравне с российским и китайским для исследуемых сообществ.
This article attempts to examine the approaches to defining the status of non-confessional and non-linguistic communities, specifically the Uighurs and Dungans, within the frameworks of two legal systems: Chinese and Russian. The majority of the materials used in composing this article were based on Russian-language sources. Therefore, the conclusions drawn reflect broader approaches to the categorization of populations within the Chinese perspective, and more specific ones within the Russian context. Additionally, the author presents a general Islamic approach that was prevalent alongside the Russian and Chinese frameworks for the studied communities.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ВЫСОКОИНТЕНСИВНЫХ ИНТЕРВАЛЬНЫХ ТРЕНИРОВОК В ПРОЦЕССЕ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ СОТРУДНИКОВ ПОЛИЦИИ
Authors: А.А. Евтушенко , В.В. Силантьев , Д.С. Приходов , В.Н. Уланов 
Published: October 2024

Актуальность исследования связана с необходимостью повышения уровня физической подготовленности сотрудников полиции, необходимого для успешного решения профессиональных задач. Анализ научной литературы определил цель исследования – поиск возможности существенного повышения уровня общей физической подготовленности лиц, принятых на службу в органы внутренних дел и проходящих профессиональную подготовку, средствами и методами высокоинтенсивных интервальных тренировок (ВИИТ). Участники исследования (n = 36) обучались по программе профессиональной подготовки в течение 16 недель. Часть обучающихся – группа А (n = 18) занималась по стандартной программе обучения, другая часть – группа Б (n = 18) использовала в процессе обучения по физической подготовке специально разработанную программу ВИИТ. Результаты тестовых испытаний по физической подготовке показали, что группа Б продемонстрировала достоверно (p ≤ 0,05) более высокий уровень развития скоростно-силовых и силовых способностей в конце программы обучения. Представленная авторами методика применения ВИИТ может быть рекомендована к использованию в практике физической подготовки лиц, обучающихся в образовательных организациях МВД России или иных «силовых» ведомств, для значимого повышения уровня физической подготовленности обучающихся.
The relevance of this research is associated with the need to improve of physical fitness profile of police staffs to successfully solve professional problems. The analysis of scientific literature determined the purpose of research – to find the possibility of significantly increasing of general physical fitness profile of persons accepted to serve in the internal affairs bodies and undergoing professional training, by means and methods of high-intensity interval training (HIIT). The participants (n = 36) studied according to the professional training program for 16 weeks. Some of the participants – group A (n = 18) studied according to the standard training program, the other part – group B (n = 18) applied a specially developed HIIT program in physical training. The results of physical training tests showed that group B demonstrated a significantly (p ≤ 0,05) higher level of development of speed-strength and strength abilities at the final of training. The methodology for using HIIT presented by the authors can be recommended for use in physical training to significantly increase of physical fitness profile of persons, who studying in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia or other “security” agencies.
ДОВЕРИЕ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ДЕЛОВОЙ СРЕДЕ
Authors: Н.В. Архангельская 
Published: October 2024

В статье выполнен обзор современных представлений о психологических аспектах установления и развития доверительных контактов в бизнес-среде. Делается вывод, что имеется существенное отличие между отечественным и западным подходами в выработке определений доверия. В отечественном подходе доверие рассматривается как более инициативная концепция, основанная на вере, предположительно, добрых намерениях, отсутствии обращения к рискам, направленная на положительный, оптимистичный сценарий развития событий. Выделена гибридная форма доверия, включающая институциональный и личностный виды доверия при получении ряда услуг (медицинских, транспортных, образовательных, юридических). При гибридной форме доверие транслируется организациям, государственным институтам, а, в связи с тем, что взаимодействие доверяющей стороны происходит с конкретным представителем организации, то осуществляется трансляция с институциональной формы на межличностную. Указывается, что происходит снижение доверия в предпринимательской среде, что обусловлено различными причинами – в их числе цифровизация деятельностного пространства. Делается вывод, что в современной деловой среде приходится проявлять вынужденную сдержанность при предоставлении кредита доверия и осторожность, без опасения обидеть недоверием вторую сторону. Отмечается, что для формирования и укрепления доверия между бизнес-партнерами необходимо сохранять постоянный контроль, чтобы избежать соблазна совершить мошеннические действия.
Developing trusting contacts in the business environment. It is concluded that there is a significant difference between domestic and Western approaches in developing definitions of trust. In the domestic approach, trust is seen as a more proactive concept, based on faith, presumably good intentions, lack of recourse to risks, aimed at a positive, optimistic scenario for the development of events. A hybrid form of trust has been identified, including institutional and personal types of trust when receiving a number of services (medical, transport, educational, legal). In a hybrid form, trust is transmitted to organizations, government institutions, and due to the fact that the interaction of the trusting party occurs with a specific representative of the organization, a translation is carried out from the institutional form to the interpersonal form. It is indicated that there is a decrease in trust in the business environment, which is due to various reasons, including the digitalization of the activity space. It is concluded that in the modern business environment one has to show forced restraint and caution when extending credit, without fear of offending the other party with mistrust. It is noted that in order to build and strengthen trust between business partners, it is necessary to maintain constant control in order to avoid the temptation to commit fraudulent acts.
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ДЕСТРУКЦИИ ПЕДАГОГОВ ВУЗА КАК УСЛОВИЕ СНИЖЕНИЯ ИХ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ДОЛГОЛЕТИЯ
Authors: Л.А. Белозерова , Л.И. Костюнина , А.А. Баранников , Н.Ю. Печканова 
Published: October 2024

Сохранение профессионального здоровья и долголетия педагогов вуза является актуальной социально-значимой проблемой. Разнообразные условия труда и жизни могут выступать неблагоприятными факторами нарушения профессионального здоровья и развития профессиональных деструкций педагогических работников. В рамках данного исследования проведен сравнительный анализ социально-психологических условий, влияющих на профессиональное долголетие педагогов, а также профессиональных деструктивных изменений личности педагогов вуза разного возраста и стажа. Исследование показало, что педагоги старше 40 лет попадают в зону риска по сохранению трудоспособности и профессионального долголетия, т.к. более половины респондентов регулярно испытывает высокий уровень стресса и напряжения как в жизни, так и на работе, усталость от темпа своей работы и нагрузки, не успевают восстановиться после отдыха. В выборке педагогов старше 40 лет выявлены средневыраженные признаки профессионального выгорания в виде эмоционального истощения, деперсонализации и редукции профессиональных достижений и признаки профессиональной дезадаптации, из которых наиболее часто отмечаются нарушения циклов сна и бодрствования, а у лиц старше 50 лет усугубление соматовегетативных нарушений.
Preservation of professional health and longevity of university teachers is an actual socially significant problem. Various working and living conditions can act as non-favourable factors of violation of professional health and development of professional destructions of pedagogical workers. Within the framework of this study, a comparative analysis of socio-psychological conditions affecting the professional longevity of teachers, as well as professional destructive changes in the personality of university teachers of different age and length of service was carried out. The study has shown that teachers over 40 years old fall into the risk zone for preserving their ability to work and professional longevity, because more than half of the respondents regularly experience a high level of stress and tension both in life and at work, fatigue from the pace of their work and workload, do not have time to recover after rest. In the sample of teachers over 40 years of age, medium-expressed signs of professional burnout in the form of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduction of professional achievements, as well as signs of professional maladaptation are revealed, of which the most frequent are disorders of sleep and wakefulness cycles, and in persons over 50 years of age aggravation of somatovegetative disorders.
К вопросу о формировании политических традиций в истории Русского государства XIII–XVI веков
Authors: Р.С. Китаев 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются основные подходы отечественных ученых к проблеме формирования и развития политических традиций Русского государства в XIII–XVI веках, а также оцениваются перспективы дальнейшего изучения данной темы.
The article considers the main approaches of Russian scientists to the problem of formation and development of political traditions of the Russian state in the XIII–XVI centuries, and also assesses the prospects for further study of this topic.
Особенности становления и развития геологии как научной отрасли знания в России XIX столетия
Authors: О.Ю. Каменская 
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию процесса становления и развития геологии как науки в России на протяжении XIX столетия. Автор ставит перед собой цель обобщить и систематизировать наиболее крупные достижения советской и современной историографии по вопросу становления геологической науки. На основе обобщения ключевых историографических работ автор предлагает собственную периодизацию этапов развития геологии в России XIX столетия.
The article is devoted to the study of the formation and development of geology as a science in Russia during the XIX century. The author aims to generalize and systematize the most important achievements of Soviet and modern historiography on the history of the formation of geological science. On the basis of the done generalization of key historiographical works, the author offers his own periodization of the stages of development of geology in Russia of the XIX century.
Значение московской Олимпиады 1980 года для репутации Советского государства
Authors: Н.В. Акунов , Т.В. Ершова 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются причины избрания Москвы столицей Олимпийских игр, роль руководства СССР в процессе их подготовки, значение Олимпиады-80.
The article discusses the reasons for choosing Moscow as the capital of the Olympic games, the role of the Soviet leadership in the process of their preparation, and the significance of the Olympic games-80.