bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry using a new primary ion beam generated by vacuum electrospray of a protic ionic liquid, propylammonium nitrate
Authors: Fujiwara Yukio , Saito Naoaki 
Published: August 2017

RationaleProtic ionic liquids have the potential to be useful materials for primary ion beams in terms of protonation, since they have active protons. Selecting protic ionic liquids suitable for primary ion beams is of great importance to increase molecular secondary ion yields. Propylammonium nitrate ([C3H7NH3][NO3]) seems promising in view of its proton affinity. It is likely that [C3H7NH3]+ cations can act as proton donors, and [NO3]− anions can work as proton acceptors.MethodsTime‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF‐SIMS) experiments have been performed to verify the usefulness of [C3H7NH3][NO3]. A primary propylammonium nitrate cluster ion beam was generated by vacuum electrospray, and then used to analyze amino acids (arginine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid), angiotensin II and polyethylene glycol. Positive and negative secondary ion mass spectra were obtained to study both protonation and deprotonation.ResultsThe propylammonium nitrate cluster ion beam successfully generated protonated molecules [M + H]+ of all the analytes in positive ion mode. The primary ion beam also generated deprotonated molecules [M − H]− of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and angiotensin II in negative ion mode. Additionally, adduct ions related to [C3H7NH3][NO3] were detected in the case of arginine and polyethylene glycol.ConclusionsThe TOF‐SIMS experiments confirmed that the propylammonium nitrate cluster ion beam was useful in generating molecular secondary ions, demonstrating that it is well suited for a primary ion beam in TOF‐SIMS.
Mechanochemical Encapsulation of an Aromatic Hydrocarbon into Mesoporous Silica as a Simple Slow Release Formulation
Authors: Reanthonglert Wichayut , Yazawa Risa , Imwiset Kamonnart , Bureekaew Sareeya , Ogawa Makoto 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe incorporation of para‐dichlorobenzene into mesoporous silica (with the pore diameter of 1.9 ‐ 3.1 nm) was conducted by a mechanochemical reaction, where mesoporous silica powder and para‐dichlorobenzene powder were mixed together using a mortar and a pestle at room temperature. The resulting host‐guest complexes exhibited useful controlled release of para‐dichlorobenzene into air as evaluated by the change in the sample weight. The release speed was affected by the pore size of the used mesoporous silicas; the release of para‐dichlorobenzene was suppressed when the mesoporous silica with the pore size of 3.1 nm was used. The present method for the slow release formulation has such advantages as the materials variation (porous silicas with different pore size and possible pore surface modification) and simple solvent free operation for the sample preparation (mechanochemical encapsulation into the pore).
Solar‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Activity of Novel Sn@C‐Dots‐Modified TiO2 Catalyst
Authors: Kumar Vijay Bhooshan , Perkas Nina , Porat Ze'ev , Gedanken Aharon 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) has already been investigated and compared with that of other materials. The main goal of the current study is to functionalize TiO2 with tin‐doped carbon dots (Sn@C‐dots/TiO2) and explore the activity of this composite as a photocatalyst for the photodegradation of dye molecules. The new composite Sn@C‐dots/TiO2 was prepared by a two‐step sonochemical reaction: a) Formation of Sn@C‐dots by ultrasonic irradiation of molten tin immersed in polyethylene glycol at 260 °C; b) Addition of TiO2 and further sonication to induce the adhesion of the Sn@C‐dots on the surface of the TiO2. The resulting composite was examined as a photocatalyst for the photodegradation of methylene blue and crystal violet under solar radiation and was found to exhibit better activity than commercial TiO2 or C‐dots/TiO2. Doping C‐dots with Sn and making hybrid Sn@C‐dots/TiO2 nanocomposites opens a new type of photocatalytic materials.
Bismuth(III) triflate: An Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Diverse Biologically Relevant Heterocycles
Authors: Banerjee Bubun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLast decade has seen a tremendous applications of bismuth(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate [Bi(OTf)3] as an efficient, cheap, environmentally benign, Lewis acidic catalyst for the various organic transformations. On the other hand heterocycles are very common in naturally occurring compounds and are the privileged structural subunit of many marketed drug molecules. The present review summarizes the applications of bismuth(III) triflate as a catalyst for the synthesis of diverse biologically relevant heterocycles reported so far.
Iron‐Catalyzed Regioselective Synthesis of 3‐Arylindoles
Authors: Yin Zhiping , Wang Zechao , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAn interesting iron‐catalyzed synthesis of 3‐arylindoles from their corresponding nitrosoarenes and alkynes has been developed. By using iron(II) phthalocyanine as the catalyst precursor and CO as the reductant, broad range of nitrosoarenes and alkynes were transformed into the corresponding indoles in good yields with excellent functional groups tolerance. Remarkably, CO gas can be replaced by other reductants such as isopropanol as well.
Poly (Lactic Acid) Grafting of TiO2Nanoparticles : A Shift in Dye Degradation Performance of TiO2from UV to Solar Light
Authors: Shaikh Tauhid , Rathore Anuradha , Kaur Harjinder 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPoly lactic acid (PLA) grafting of TiO2nanoparticles was carried out by in‐situ polycondenstion of lactic acid. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD),13C Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) etc. Surprisingly, when a chance study of its photocatalytic activity for degradation of two textile dyes viz. methyl orange (MeO) and malachite green (MG) under UV light and solar light, was carried out, it was observed that degradation was faster under sunlight as compared to UV light. In fact, the degradation is fastest reported so far in literature..Complete decolouration of a 10−4M solution of the two dyes under sunlight occurred in 20 and 8 minutes respectively with corresponding first order rate constants of 0.191 and 0.405 min−1. Further, the photocatalyst showed good recyclabilty and recycled catalyst was also analyzed by FT‐IR, XRD, and TEM.
Kinetic Profile and Catalytic Activity of Transition Metal‐Based Ionic Liquids for Reduction of Nitroarenes via In Situ Formation of Nanoparticles
Authors: Thawarkar Sachin R. , Khupse Nageshwar D. , Kumar Anil 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe experimentally determined apparent rate constant (kapp) shows that the [BmIm]2[PdCl4] and [BmIm]2[NiCl4] act as effective catalysts for the reduction of nitroarenes to aminoarenes in the presence of NaBH4. The TEM, XPS, XRD and dynamic light scattering studies show that there is in situ formation of Pd and Ni metal Nanoparticles (NPs) from the reduction of [BmIm]2[PdCl4] and [BmIm]2[NiCl4], respectively which are responsible for the enhancement in the catalytic activity. Thus, in the presence of the ionic liquid stabilized metal NPs show higher catalytic activity in comparison to the NPs stabilized with other capping agents as reported. The order of kapp as 1) PNP > 2‐BrPNP > 2‐APNP and 2) PNP > ONP > 2‐NR for reduction of nitroarenes using [BmIm]2[PdCl4] and [BmIm]2[NiCl4] and its correlation explained on the basis of electronic structure and hydrogen bonding ability of nitroarenes. The thermodynamic parameters such as Ea, ▵H#, ▵S# and ▵G# are in agreement with the surface catalyzed reduction reaction of PNP in the presence of NPs as catalyst. The kapp values illustrated the reduction reaction follow the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood (L‐H) mechanism.
Ligand Dynamics and Aerobic Allylic Oxidation with Bifunctional Ni(NHC) Complexes
Authors: Hazlehurst Richard J. , Hendriks Scott W.E. , Boyle Paul D. , Blacquiere Johanna M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe synthesis of three new NiCl(allyl/cinnamyl)(NHC) complexes, containing a bifunctional NHC (N‐heterocyclic carbene) ligand is described. Two different NHCs were utilized that contain a secondary amine (HNR; R=t‐Bu or Mes) moiety on one of the N‐imidazolylidene arms. Complexes with allyl (2 a) and cinnamyl (3 a and 3 b) were each crystallographically characterized and η3‐allyl and κ1‐C NHC ligand coordination modes were found in the solid‐state. In the solution‐state, each of the ligands shows highly fluxional behaviour. Halide substitution of the chloro ligand for iodo effectively slows the ligand dynamics and permits solution‐state characterization that is in agreement with the solid‐state structures. The complexes react with oxygen to ultimately oxidize the allyl or cinnamyl ligands to acrolein (AC) or cinnamaldehyde (CA) and phenyl vinyl ketone (PVK), respectively. The bifunctional nature of the NHC has limited influence on oxidation reactivity, but preliminary evidence suggests it plays a role in the stability of the nickel oxidation products.
Urinary microRNAs for prostate cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response: are we there yet?
Authors: Balacescu Ovidiu , Petrut Bogdan , Tudoran Oana , Feflea Dragos , Balacescu Loredana , Anghel Andrei , Sirbu Ioan O. , Seclaman Edward , Marian Catalin 
Published: August 2017

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains one of the leading causes of cancer‐related deaths in men. Despite the tremendous progress in research over the years, a suitable minimally invasive PCa biomarker is yet to be discovered. The recent advances regarding the roles of microRNAs as biomarkers has allowed for their study in PCa as well, especially as blood‐based markers. However, there are several studies that used urine as biological sample to evaluate microRNAs as biomarkers for PCa diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response, which were reviewed herein. A high degree of inconsistency among reports has been observed, which could be due to several analytical aspects, starting with different urinary fractions used for analysis and continuing with the employment of various analytical platforms and methods of statistical analysis. However, a few microRNAs were found to be dysregulated in the urine of PCa patients, which alone or together with serum prostate‐specific antigen seem to improve diagnostic power even in the gray zone of PCa. These results warrant further confirmation by larger prospective studies, preferably using a standardized protocol for analysis. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1438. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1438This article is categorized under:

RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Management and eradication options for Queensland fruit fly
Authors: Stringer Lloyd D. , Kean John M. , Beggs Jacqueline R. , Suckling D. Max 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSeveral tephritid fruit flies have explosive population growth and a wide host range, resulting in some of the largest impacts on horticultural crops, reducing marketable produce, and limiting market access. For these pests, early detection and eradication are routinely implemented in vulnerable areas. However, social and consumer concerns can limit the types of population management tools available for fruit fly incursion responses. Deterministic population models were used to compare eradication tools used at typical densities alone and in combination against the Queensland fruit fly (‘Qfly’), Bactrocera tryoni. The models suggested that tools that prevent egg laying are likely to be most effective at reducing populations. Tools that induced mortality once Qfly was sexually mature only slowed population growth, as successful mating still occurred. Release of sterile Qfly when using the sterile insect technique (SIT) interferes with the successful mating of wild flies, and of the tools investigated here, SIT caused the greatest reduction in the population at the prescribed release rate. Used in tandem with SIT, protein baits slightly improved the rate of population reduction, but the male annihilation technique (MAT) almost nullified control by SIT due to the mortality induced on sterile flies. The model suggested that the most rapid decrease in population size would be achieved by SIT plus protein baits. However, the model predicted both the SIT and protein baits when used alone would result in population reduction. The MAT can be used prior to SIT release to increase overflooding ratios.
Engineering of Escherichia coli for the synthesis of N-hydroxycinnamoyl tryptamine and serotonin
Authors: Lee Su Jin , Sim Geun-Young , Lee Youngshim , Kim Bong-Gyu , Ahn Joong-Hoon 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Plants synthesize various phenol amides. Among them, hydroxycinnamoyl (HC) tryptamines and serotonins exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherogenic activities. We synthesized HC–tryptamines and HC–serotonin from several HCs and either tryptamine or serotonin using Escherichia coli harboring the 4CL (4-coumaroyl CoA ligase) and CaHCTT [hydroxycinnamoyl-coenzyme A:serotonin N-(hydroxycinnamoyl)transferase] genes. E. coli was engineered to synthesize N-cinnamoyl tryptamine from glucose. TDC (tryptophan decarboxylase) and PAL (phenylalanine ammonia lyase) along with 4CL and CaHCTT were introduced into E. coli and the phenylalanine biosynthetic pathway of E. coli was engineered. Using this strategy, approximately 110.6 mg/L of N-cinnamoyl tryptamine was synthesized. By feeding 100 μM serotonin into the E. coli culture, which could induce the synthesis of cinnamic acid or p-coumaric acid, more than 99 μM of N-cinnamoyl serotonin and N-(p-coumaroyl) serotonin were synthesized.
Effect of alisertib, an investigational aurora a kinase inhibitor on the QTc interval in patients with advanced malignancies
Authors: Zhou Xiaofei , Nemunaitis John , Pant Shubham , Bauer Todd M. , Patel Manish , Sarantopoulos John , Craig Lockhart A. , Goodman Daniel , Huebner Dirk , Mould Diane R. , Venkatakrishnan Karthik 
Published: August 2017

SummaryAims A primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of single and multiple doses of alisertib, an investigational Aurora A kinase inhibitor, on the QTc interval in patients with advanced malignancies. The dose regimen used was the maximum tolerated dose which was also the recommended phase 3 dose (50 mg twice daily [BID] for 7 days in 21-day cycles). Methods Patients received a single dose of alisertib (50 mg) on Day 1, and multiple doses of alisertib (50 mg BID) on Days 4 through to the morning of Day 10 of the first cycle of treatment. Triplicate ECGs were collected at intervals over 10 to 24 h via Holter recorders on Days −1 (baseline), 1 and 10. Changes from time-matched baseline values were calculated for various ECG parameters including QTc, heart rate, PR and QRS intervals. Alisertib pharmacokinetics were also assessed during the study, and an exposure-QTc analysis was conducted. Results Fifty patients were included in the QTc analysis. The upper bounds of the 95% confidence intervals for changes from time-matched baseline QTcF and QTcI values were <5 ms across all study days, time points and correction methods. Alisertib did not produce clinically relevant effects on heart rate, PR or QRS intervals. There was no evidence of a concentration-QTc effect relationship. Conclusions Alisertib does not cause QTc prolongation and can be concluded to not have any clinically relevant effects on cardiac repolarization or ECG parameters at the single agent maximum tolerated dose of 50 mg BID.
Sexual Health, Mental Health, and Beliefs About Cancer Treatments Among Women Attending a Gynecologic Oncology Clinic
Authors: Eaton Lisa , Kueck Angela , Maksut Jessica , Gordon Lori , Metersky Karen , Miga Ashley , Brewer Molly , Siembida Elizabeth , Bradley Alison 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Introduction
Sexual health is an important, yet overlooked, aspect of quality of life for gynecologic oncologic patients. Although patients with gynecologic cancer frequently report sexual health concerns, there are limited efforts to address these problems. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between mental health and sexual health needs to be prioritized.

Aim
To examine multiple components of sexual health in patients with gynecologic cancer.

Methods
For the present study, sexual health concerns (ie, sexual frequency, desire, response, and satisfaction; orgasm; and pain during sex; independent variables), beliefs about cancer treatments affecting sexual health (dependent variable), and mental health (ie, anxiety and depressive symptoms; dependent variables) of patients at a US gynecologic oncology clinic were assessed.

Main Outcome Measures
Demographics; cancer diagnosis; positive screening results for cancer; sexual health histories including sexual frequency, desire, pain, orgasm, responsiveness, and satisfaction; and mental health including depression and anxiety symptoms.

Results
Most women reported experiencing at least one sexual health concern, and half the women screened positive for experiencing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Forty-nine percent of participants reported having no or very little sexual desire or interest in the past 6 months. Further, in mediation analyses, pain during sex was significantly and positively correlated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.42, P &lt; .001), and this relationship was fully mediated by believing that cancer treatments affected one's sexual health (B = 0.16, 95% confidence interval = 0.01–0.48, P &lt; .05).

Conclusion
Findings emphasize the need to further address and incorporate sexual and mental health into standard care for patients attending gynecologic oncology clinics. Screening women for whether and to what extent they perceive cancer treatments affecting their sexual health could provide a brief, easily administrable, screener for sexual health concerns and the need for further intervention. Intervention development for patients with gynecologic cancer must include mental health components and addressing perceptions of how cancer treatments affect sexual health functioning.
Eaton L, Kueck A, Maksut J, et al. Sexual Health, Mental Health, and Beliefs About Cancer Treatments Among Women Attending a Gynecologic Oncology Clinic. Sex Med 2017;5:e175–e183.
Tracing dynamic linkages and spillover effect between Pakistani and leading foreign stock markets
Authors: Ghouse Ghulam , Khan Saud Ahmed 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study traces the degree of integration and volatility spillover effect between the Pakistani and leading foreign stock markets by analyzing the Meteor shower hypothesis. Daily data are used from nine worldly equity markets (KSE 100, NIKKEI 225, HIS, S&P 500, NASDAQ 100, DOW JONES, GADXI, FTSE 350 and DFMGI) for the period of 2005 to 2014. First, we used the whole data set and after that we split data set into two subsets, First subset of data contains the era of global financial crisis of 2008 from 2005 to 2009 and Second subset is after global financial crisis time period from 2010 to 2014 (The global crisis prevailed till end of 2009). By following the Hamao et al. (1990) technique the univariate GARCH type models are employed to explore the dynamic linkages between Pakistani and leading foreign stock markets. The results from whole data set illustrate that there is mixed co‐movements between leading foreign stock markets and Pakistani stock market. The results from both subsets provide an evidence that there is a unidirectional mean and volatility spillover effect from S&P 500, NASDAQ 100, DJI and DFMGI to KSE 100. Also we found bidirectional spillover effect between DFMGI and KSE 100 from both subsets of data. We concluded that there is only one indirect linkage through which may the information transmitted to KSE 100. This linkage is developed due to the co‐movement among KSE 100, DFMGI and NASDAQ 100 in crisis period. This integration between these markets may provide a sign of indirect linkage. It also exhibits the volatility in Pakistan stock market returns is instigated through direct effects as well as indirect effects. Our study brings important conclusions for financial institutions, portfolio managers, market players and academician to diagnose the nature and level of linkages between the financial markets.
Culturomics and the history of psychiatry: testing the Google Ngram method
Authors: O’Sullivan O. P. , Duffy R. M. , Kelly B. D. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesCulturomics is the study of behaviour and culture through quantitative analysis of digitised text. We aimed to apply a modern technique in this field to examine trends related to the history of psychiatry. In doing so, we aimed to explore the nature of the Google Ngram methodology.MethodsUsing Google Ngram Viewer, we studied Google’s corpus of over 4% of all published books and explored relevant trends in word usage.ResultsAn exponential growth in the use of ‘psychiatry’ between 1890 and 1984 was identified. ‘Sigmund Freud’ was mentioned more frequently than all other prominent figures in the history of psychiatry combined. Mentions of ‘suicide’ increased since 1820. The impact of several DSM editions is discussed.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the potential application of the Ngram methodology to the study of the history of psychiatry. The role of textual analysis in this field merits careful, constructive consideration and is likely to expand with technological advances.
Breakfast consumption and nutrient intakes in 4–18-year-olds: UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (2008–2012)
Authors: Coulthard Janine D. , Palla Luigi , Pot Gerda K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough breakfast consumption is widely considered to be an important component of a healthy lifestyle, few UK studies have examined differences in nutrient intakes between breakfast consumers and breakfast skippers among children and adolescents. We investigated associations between breakfast skipping in 4–18-year-olds and their nutrient intakes using data from the UK’s National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme. Dietary data were derived from 4-d estimated food diaries of 802 children aged 4–10 years and 884 children aged 11–18 years (1686 in total). Daily nutrient intakes of children with different breakfast habits were compared by one-way ANCOVA adjusting for relevant covariates (sex, age, ethnicity, equivalised household income and BMI). Within-person analysis was carried out on children with an irregular breakfast habit (n879) comparing nutrient intakes on breakfast days with those on non-breakfast days using repeated measures ANCOVA. We observed that the overall nutritional profile of the children in terms of fibre and micronutrient intake was superior in frequent breakfast consumers (micronutrients: folate, Ca, Fe and I (P<0·01)) and, for the 4–10 years age group, on breakfast days (micronutrients: folate, vitamin C, Ca and I (P<0·01)). Also, significantly higher proportions of breakfast-consuming children met their reference nutrient intakes of folate, vitamin C, Ca, Fe and I compared with breakfast skippers (χ2analysis,P<0·001). Our study adds to the body of data linking breakfast consumption with higher quality dietary intake in school-age children, supporting the promotion of breakfast as an important element of a healthy dietary pattern in children.