bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EIN3 and SOS2 synergistically modulate plant salt tolerance
Authors: Quan Ruidang , Wang Juan , Yang Dexin , Zhang Haiwen , Zhang Zhijin , Huang Rongfeng 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEthylene biosynthesis and the ethylene signaling pathway regulate plant salt tolerance by activating the expression of downstream target genes such as those related to ROS and Na+/K+ homeostasis. The Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway regulates Na+/K+ homeostasis in Arabidopsis under salt stress. However, the connection between these two pathways is unclear. Through genetic screening, we identified two sos2 alleles as salt sensitive mutants in the ein3-1 background. Neither Ethylene-Insensitive 2 (EIN2) nor EIN3 changed the expression patterns of SOS genes including SOS1, SOS2, SOS3 and SOS3-like Calcium Binding Protein 8 (SCaBP8), but SOS2 activated the expression of one target gene of EIN3, Ethylene and Salt-inducible ERF 1 (ESE1). Moreover, Ser/Thr protein kinase SOS2 phosphorylated EIN3 in vitro mainly at the S325 site and weakly at the S35, T42 and S606 sites. EIN3 S325A mutation reduced its transcriptional activating activity on ESE1 promoter:GUS in a transient GUS assay, and impaired its ability to rescue ein3-1 salt hypersensitivity. Furthermore, SOS2 activated salt-responsive ESE1 target gene expression under salt stress. Therefore, EIN3-SOS2 might link the ethylene signaling pathway and the SOS pathway in Arabidopsis salt responses.
CD8+ T cells specific for the islet autoantigen IGRP are restricted in their T cell receptor chain usage
Authors: Fuchs Yannick F. , Eugster Anne , Dietz Sevina , Sebelefsky Christian , Kühn Denise , Wilhelm Carmen , Lindner Annett , Gavrisan Anita , Knoop Jan , Dahl Andreas , Ziegler Anette-G. , Bonifacio Ezio 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCD8+T cells directed against beta cell autoantigens are considered relevant for the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Using single cell T cell receptor sequencing of CD8+T cells specific for the IGRP265-273epitope, we examined whether there was expansion of clonotypes and sharing of T cell receptor chains in autoreactive CD8+T cell repertoires. HLA-A*0201 positive type 1 diabetes patients (n = 19) and controls (n = 18) were analysed. TCR α- and β-chain sequences of 418 patient-derived IGRP265-273-multimer+CD8+T cells representing 48 clonotypes were obtained. Expanded populations of IGRP265-273-specific CD8+T cells with dominant clonotypes that had TCR α-chains shared across patients were observed. The SGGSNYKLTF motif corresponding toTRAJ53was contained in 384 (91.9%) cells, and in 20 (41.7%) patient-derived clonotypes.TRAJ53together withTRAV29/DV5was found in 15 (31.3%) clonotypes. Using next generation TCR α-chain sequencing, we found enrichment of one of these TCR α-chains in the memory CD8+T cells of patients as compared to healthy controls. CD8+T cell clones bearing the enriched motifs mediated antigen-specific target cell lysis. We provide the first evidence for restriction of T cell receptor motifs in the alpha chain of human CD8+T cells with specificity to a beta cell antigen.
Amniotic fluid metabolomics and biochemistry analysis provides novel insights into the diet-regulated foetal growth in a pig model
Authors: Wan Jin , Jiang Fei , Zhang Jiao , Xu Qingsong , Chen Daiwen , Yu Bing , Mao Xiangbing , Yu Jie , Luo Yuheng , He Jun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFoetal loss and intrauterine growth restriction are major problems in mammals, but there are few effective ways in preventing it. Intriguingly, chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), a biomaterial derived from chitosan, can promote foetal survival and growth. Therefore, we have investigated how COS affects foetal survival and growth in a pig model. Fifty-two sows were divided into two treatment groups (n = 26) and fed either solely a control diet or a control diet that includes 100 mg/kg COS. Amniotic fluid and foetus samples from six sows that were of average body weight in each group were collected on gestation day 35. We applied a1H NMR-based metabolomics approach combined with biochemistry analysis to track the changes that occurred in the amniotic fluid of pregnant sows after COS intervention. Maternal COS inclusion had enhanced (P < 0.05) the foetal survival rate and size at 35 days. COS supplementation had both increased (P < 0.05) SOD, CAT and T-AOC activities and elevated (P < 0.05) IL-10, IgG and IgM concentrations in the amniotic fluid. Moreover, COS had affected (P < 0.05) the amniotic fluid’s lysine, citrate, glucose and hypoxanthine levels. Overall, COS inclusion induced amniotic fluid antioxidant status and metabolic profiles modifications characterising improvements in foetal survival and growth in a pig model.
Attitude toward Prenatal Testing and Termination of Pregnancy among Health Professionals and Medical Students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bakur Khadijah , Edrees Alaa , Al-Aama Jumana , A. Gaboon Nagwa 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study was aimed at assessing the attitude of health care professionals in Jeddah city toward prenatal diagnosis (PND) and termination of pregnancy (TOP). A cross-sectional study was conducted, and the participants completed a self-administered questionnaire. Approximately 82% of participants showed a consistent trend of accepting PND when appropriate, and 47.5% of the respondents were in favor of TOP if the fetus had a severe disease. Compared with men (69.3%), a significantly greater number of women (88%) accepted to have PND. The most acceptable prenatal diagnostic tests in the study were invasive techniques as most of the participants thought that noninvasive tests were nonspecific.
Evaluating the Performance of Ultrasound Screening for Congenital Heart Disease: A Descriptive Cohort Study
Authors: Maggio Lindsay , Has Phinnara , Werner Erika , Rouse Dwight , Froehlich Rosemary 
Published: March 2017

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the rate of abnormal fetal echocardiogram after normal detailed anatomy ultrasound when both are performed by maternal–fetal medicine specialists.
Study Design Retrospective review of women who underwent detailed anatomy ultrasound and fetal echocardiography between 16 and 26 weeks' gestation at a single center. Women included had at least one indication for fetal echocardiography as recommended by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine and normal cardiac anatomy on initial detailed anatomy ultrasound. Women with previous abnormal ultrasound, extracardiac anomalies, and abnormal or incomplete cardiac anatomy on initial examinations were excluded. The primary outcome was abnormal fetal echocardiogram, defined as a structural cardiac anomaly.
Results A total of 1,000 women (1,052 fetuses) were included. The most common indication for echocardiography was family history of congenital heart disease. Five fetuses had an abnormal echocardiogram (0.5%, 95% confidence interval: 0.2–1.1%), only one of which altered care. The other four were suspected ventricular septal defects; of these, three were not seen on postnatal cardiac imaging.
Conclusion The rate of abnormal fetal echocardiogram after a normal detailed anatomy ultrasound interpreted by maternal–fetal medicine specialists is low. Fetal echocardiography as a second screening test is of low clinical utility and unlikely to be cost-effective in this setting.
Laparoscopic transgastric circumferential stapler-assisted vs. endoscopic esophageal mucosectomy in a porcine model
Authors: Steinemann Daniel , Zerz Andreas , Müller Philip , Sauer Peter , Schaible Anja , Lasitschka Felix , Schwarz Anne-Catherine , Müller-Stich Beat , Linke Georg 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Extensive endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for Barrett’s esophagus (BE) may lead to stenosis. Laparoscopic, transgastric, stapler-assisted mucosectomy (SAM) with the retrieval of a circumferential specimen is proposed.
Methods SAM was evaluated in two phases. The feasibility of SAM and the quality of specimens were assessed in eight animals. The mucosal healing was evaluated in a 6-week survival experiment comparing SAM (n = 6) with EMR (n = 6). The ratio of the esophageal lumen width (REL) at the resection level measured on fluoroscopy at 6 weeks divided by the width immediately after resection was compared.
Results In all animals, a circular mucosectomy specimen was successfully obtained, with a median area of 492 mm2 (interquartile range [IQR] 426 – 573 mm2) and 941 mm2 (IQR 813 – 1209 mm2) using a 21 mm and 25 mm stapler, respectively. In the survival experiments, symptomatic stenosis developed in two animals after EMR and in none after SAM. The REL was 0.27 (0.18 – 0.39) and 0.96 (0.9 – 1.04; P < 0.0001) for EMR and SAM, respectively.
Conclusions SAM provides a novel technique for en bloc mucosectomy in BE. In contrast to EMR, mucosal healing after SAM was not associated with stenosis up to 6 weeks after intervention.
Fast and Green – CO2 Based Extraction, Isolation, and Quantification of Phenolic Styrax Constituents
Authors: Scheuba Johanna , Wronski Valerie-Katharina , Rollinger Judith , Grienke Ulrike 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this study the first supercritical fluid based protocol for the extraction, analysis, and isolation of six polar compounds, i.e., o-vanillin (1), styracin (2), vanillin (3), trans-cinnamic acid (4), vanillic acid (5), and shikimic acid (6), was developed. First, eight styrax resin products (R1–R8) obtained from various Liquidambar tree species, which are known to contain compounds 2–6, were extracted with a 1 : 1 mixture of supercritical CO2 and EtOH. Within 4 minutes, the compounds were successfully baseline separated on an Acquity UPC2 BEH 2-EP (3.0 × 100 mm, 1.7 µm) column using a mobile phase of supercritical CO2 and MeOH with 0.1 % phosphoric acid. The compounds were quantified and the method was validated according to current ICH guidelines. Scaling up to preparative supercritical fluid chromatography using a Viridis BEH 2-EP (10 × 250 mm, 5 µm) column allowed for a fast separation and isolation of the selected constituents 2 and 4 from R6 within 7 minutes. This supercritical fluid protocol is easily adaptable to compounds of similar polarity. The increase in speed and its environmental friendliness underline its superiority over conventional set-ups.
Research on translation review in China from the perspective of Bourdieu’s Sociology
Authors: Wen Jun , Wang Shaojing , Zhang Wenhe 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTranslation review, as book review on translated works, aims to introduce, recommend and review translated works. In China, while great achievements were made in translation criticism since the 1990s, translation review was quantitatively understudied in translation studies, though it is, as a social practice, more practical and enjoys wider readership. Based on Bourdieu’s sociological theory of practice, namely, field, capital and habitus, this paper examines translation reviews inChina Reading Weeklyfrom 2010 to 2014 and argues that China fails to establish a translation field of its own, and translation review in China is subject to the multiple influences of the economic and cultural capital of the country, the symbolic capital of translators and reviewers, and the cultural capital and habitus of reviewers. The paper also puts forward some suggestions for the development of translation review in the future.
Foreign language courses for translation undergraduates
Authors: Elamin Saadia 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn most parts of the world the principle of translating into one’s native language is rarely observed. Translators find themselves working equally into a foreign language (L2), especially English. This shift in translation directionality needs to find its way to the translation classroom, but even before that, to the L2 courses that precede practical translation training. These courses, so far directed towards improving students’ ability to understand foreign language texts, have to take a new turn towards developing the increasingly required production competence. As the present study has shown, certain rules of English grammar constitute the stumbling block for Arabic undergraduates and generate a number of regularly occurring errors in their English texts. Grammar and other language courses, instead of following the content of standard textbooks, should be designed and delivered to serve the real needs of students and help them to develop the increasingly required L2 production competence.
Two-Point Resistance of a Non-Regular Cylindrical Network with a Zero Resistor Axis and Two Arbitrary Boundaries*
Authors: Tan Zhi-Zhong 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

We study a problem of two-point resistance in a non-regular m × n cylindrical network with a zero resistor axis and two arbitrary boundaries by means of the Recursion-Transform method. This is a new problem never solved before, the Green’s function technique and the Laplacian matrix approach are invalid in this case. A disordered network with arbitrary boundaries is a basic model in many physical systems or real world systems, however looking for the exact calculation of the resistance of a binary resistor network is important but difficult in the case of the arbitrary boundaries, the boundary is like a wall or trap which affects the behavior of finite network. In this paper we obtain a general resistance formula of a non-regular m × n cylindrical network, which is composed of a single summation. Further, the current distribution is given explicitly as a byproduct of the method. As applications, several interesting results are derived by making special cases from the general formula.
A longitudinal analysis of data quality in a large pediatric data research network
Authors: Khare Ritu , Utidjian Levon , Ruth Byron J , Kahn Michael G , Burrows Evanette , Marsolo Keith , Patibandla Nandan , Razzaghi Hanieh , Colvin Ryan , Ranade Daksha , Kitzmiller Melody , Eckrich Daniel , Bailey L Charles 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objective
PEDSnet is a clinical data research network (CDRN) that aggregates electronic health record data from multiple children’s hospitals to enable large-scale research. Assessing data quality to ensure suitability for conducting research is a key requirement in PEDSnet. This study presents a range of data quality issues identified over a period of 18 months and interprets them to evaluate the research capacity of PEDSnet.

Materials and Methods
Results were generated by a semiautomated data quality assessment workflow. Two investigators reviewed programmatic data quality issues and conducted discussions with the data partners’ extract-transform-load analysts to determine the cause for each issue.

Results
The results include a longitudinal summary of 2182 data quality issues identified across 9 data submission cycles. The metadata from the most recent cycle includes annotations for 850 issues: most frequent types, including missing data (&gt;300) and outliers (&gt;100); most complex domains, including medications (&gt;160) and lab measurements (&gt;140); and primary causes, including source data characteristics (83%) and extract-transform-load errors (9%).

Discussion
The longitudinal findings demonstrate the network’s evolution from identifying difficulties with aligning the data to a common data model to learning norms in clinical pediatrics and determining research capability.

Conclusion
While data quality is recognized as a critical aspect in establishing and utilizing a CDRN, the findings from data quality assessments are largely unpublished. This paper presents a real-world account of studying and interpreting data quality findings in a pediatric CDRN, and the lessons learned could be used by other CDRNs.
Design and Testing of 2 Novel Scores That Predict Global Sagittal Alignment Utilizing Cervical or Lumbar Plain Radiographs
Authors: Goldschmidt Ezequiel , Angriman Federico , Ferreyro Bruno , Agarwal Nitin , Zhou James , Chen Katherine , Tempel Zachary J , Gerszten Peter C , Kanter Adam S , Okonkwo David O , Passias Peter , Scheer Justin , Protopsaltis Themistocles , Lafage Virginie , Lafage Renaud , Schwab Frank , Bess Shay , Ames Chris , Smith Justin S , Burton Douglas , Hamilton D Kojo ,   on behalf of the International Spine Study Group (ISSG)
Published: March 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Global sagittal deformity is an established cause of disability. However, measurements of sagittal alignment are often ignored when patients present with symptoms localizing to the cervical or lumbar spine.

OBJECTIVE
To develop scoring scales to predict the risk of sagittal malalignment in patients with only cervical or lumbar spine radiographs.

METHODS
A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained multicenter adult spinal deformity database was performed. Primary outcome (sagittal malalignment) was defined as a C7 plumbline ≥ 50 mm. Two multivariate logistic regressions were performed using patient characteristics and measurements derived from cervical or lumbar radiographs as covariates. Point scores were assigned to age, body mass index (BMI), and lumbar lordosis or T1 slope by rounding their ß coefficients to the nearest integer.

RESULTS
Nine hundred seventy-nine patients were included, with 652 randomly assigned to the derivation cohort (used to build the score) and 327 comprising the validation set. Final cervical score for the primary outcome included BMI ≥ 25 (1 point), age ≥ 55 yr (2 points), and T1 slope ≥ 27o (2 points). Final lumbar score for the primary outcome included BMI ≥ 25 (1 point), age ≥ 55 yr (1 point), and lumbar lordosis ≥ 45o (–1 points). High scores for both the cervical and lumbar spine presented with high specificity and positive likelihood ratios of sagittal malalignment.

CONCLUSION
We developed scoring scales to predict global sagittal malalignment utilizing clinical covariates and cervical or lumbar radiographs. Patients with high scores may prompt imaging with long-cassette plain films to evaluate for global sagittal imbalance.
Obesity and disability in older adults
Authors: Novosel Lorraine M. , Grant Catherine A. , Dormin Lauren M. , Coleman Timothy M. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract:
The prevalence of obesity and disability in older adults has significant public health implications. This case review discusses the benefits and risks of weight loss in older adults and outlines treatment options available to Medicare beneficiaries. The importance of preserving lean muscle mass in weight management is emphasized.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Janotha Brenda L. , Tamari Katrin 
Published: March 2017

Abstract:
Incidence of oral cancer is rising, and often, cases are not discovered until the cancer has metastasized to the lymphatic system. Most oral cancers are squamous cell carcinomas associated with high mortality. This article reviews oral squamous cell carcinoma relevant to primary care practice focusing on an interprofessional approach to care.
Perceptions of Cardiology Administrators About Cardiac Rehabilitation in South America and the Caribbean
Authors: Ghisi Gabriela Lima de Melo , Britto Raquel , Servio Thaianne Cavalcante , Santos Claudia Victoria Anchique , Fernandez Rosalia , Rivas-Estany Eduardo , Santibañez Claudio , Gonzalez Graciela , Burdiat Gerard , Lopez-Jimenez Francisco , Herdy Artur Haddad , Grace Sherry L. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs can address the cardiovascular disease epidemic in South America. However, there are factors limiting CR access at the patient, provider, and system levels. The latter 2 have not been extensively studied. The objective of this study was to investigate cardiology administrator's awareness and knowledge of CR and perceptions regarding resources for CR.

Methods:
This study was cross-sectional and observational in design. Cardiology administrators from South American and Caribbean countries were invited to participate by members of a professional association. Participants completed a questionnaire online. Descriptive analysis was performed and differences in CR knowledge, awareness, perception, and attitudes regarding CR were described overall, by institution funding source (private vs public) and presence of within-institution CR (yes vs no).

Results:
Most of the 55 respondents from 8 countries perceived CR as important for outpatient care (mean ± SD = 4.83 ± 0.38 out of 5; higher scores indicating more positive perceptions), with benefits including reduced hospital readmissions (4.31 ± 0.48) and length of stay (4.64 ± 0.71 days), not only for cardiac patients but for those with other vascular conditions (4.34 ± 0.68 days). Those working in public institutions (50.9%) and in institutions without a CR program (25.0%) were not as aware of, and less likely to value, CR services (P < .05). Only 13.2% of programs had dedicated funding.

Conclusions:
Similar to findings from high-income settings, cardiology administrators and cardiologists in South America value CR as part of cardiac patient care, but funding and availability of programs restrict capacity to deliver these services.
Glittre-ADL Multiple Tasks Induce Similar Dynamic Hyperinflation With Different Metabolic and Ventilatory Demands in Patients With COPD
Authors: Gulart Aline Almeida , Munari Anelise Bauer , Tressoldi Caroline , dos Santos Karoliny , Karloh Manuela , Mayer Anamaria Fleig 
Published: March 2017

Purpose:
This cross-sectional study compared the physiological responses and dynamic hyperinflation (DH) of the Glittre-ADL test (TGlittre) and its specific tasks in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods:
Thirty patients with COPD performed the TGlittre. The individual tasks included stand up and sit down (TSS); climb up and down stairs (TSTAIRS); walk on a flat surface (TWALK); and move objects onto and off a shelf (TSHELF). While performing these tasks, the physiological responses were evaluated and inspiratory capacity measured before and immediately after the tests.

Results:
All physiological variables and inspiratory capacity were different at the end of the TGlittre and its tasks compared with baseline (P < .05). For most of the physiological variables, there were no significant differences between TSHELF and TWALK (P > .05), which were the tasks with the greatest physiological requirement, whereas the TSS represented the lowest metabolic, cardiovascular, and ventilatory demands among TGlittre's tasks. DH did not differ significantly among TGlittre's tasks.

Conclusions:
TWALK and TSHELF were the tasks that resulted in greater physiological overload, whereas TSS induced the lowest metabolic and ventilatory demands. Despite this, DH did not differ among the TGlittre's tasks in patients with COPD.
OPHTHALMIC FINDINGS IN LATE STAGE SJOGREN–LARSSON SYNDROME
Authors: Nanda Tavish , Kovach Jaclyn L. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose:
To report spectral domain optical coherence tomography and fundus autofluorescence documentation of late stage macular findings associated with Sjogren–Larsson Syndrome in three adult siblings.

Methods:
Three adult siblings with Sjogren–Larsson Syndrome underwent ophthalmic examination and imaging.

Results:
Crystalline maculopathy and subretinal deposits, presumably lipofuscin accumulation, with macular atrophy were present in varying degrees in all three adult siblings.

Discussion:
In adults with Sjogren–Larsson Syndrome, crystalline retinopathy can progress to macular atrophy and the appearance of lipofuscin accumulation.