bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Ant‐Friendly Aiouea (Lauraceae) From the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest
Authors: Brotto Marcelo Leandro , de Moraes Pedro Luís Rodrigues 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAiouea is a genus of Lauraceae restricted to the New World with about 75 accepted species. In Brazil, there are about 32 species, 21 endemic to the country. Recent field work in southeastern Brazil, as well as a comprehensive study of herbarium collections, revealed a new species that we describe here as Aiouea myrmecophila. It is endemic to the Atlantic rainforest of Espírito Santo state and occurs between 800 and 1120 m along the Mantiqueira Mountain range. It is categorized as Endangered (EN) according to IUCN criteria. Its putative relationships with other species in the genus are discussed.
Long‐term trends in mountain groundwater levels across Canada and the United States
Authors: Samways Jenacy , Salehi Sana , McKenzie Jeffrey M. , Somers Lauren D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMountains have a critical role in freshwater supply for downstream populations. As the climate changes, groundwater stored in mountains may help buffer the impacts to declining water resources caused by decreased snowpack and glacier recession. However, given the scarcity of groundwater observation wells in mountain regions, it remains unclear how mountain groundwater is being impacted by climate change across ecoregions. This study quantifies temporal trends in mountain groundwater levels and explores how various climatic, physiographic and anthropogenic factors affect these trends. We compiled data from 171 public groundwater observation wells within mountain regions across Canada and the United States, for which at least 20 years of monthly data is available. The Mann‐Kendall test for monotonic trend revealed that 54% of these wells have statistically significant temporal trends (p < 0.05) over the period of record, of which 69% were negative and therefore indicating overall declining groundwater storage. Wells in the western mountain ranges showed stronger trends (both positive and negative) than the eastern mountain ranges, and higher elevation wells showed fewer negative trends than the low elevation (<400 m asl) wells (p < 0.05). Correlation, Kruskal‐Wallis tests, stepwise multiple linear regression and random forest regression were used to identify factors controlling groundwater trends. Statistical analysis revealed that lower‐elevation mountain regions with higher average annual temperatures and lower average annual precipitation have the greatest declines in groundwater storage under climate change. Trends in temperature and precipitation, and ecoregion were also important predictors on groundwater level trends, highlighting geographic differences in how mountain wells are responding to climate change. Furthermore, sedimentary bedrock aquifers showed markedly more negative trends than crystalline bedrock aquifers. The findings demonstrate that the impact of climate change on mountain water resources extends to the subsurface, with important implications for global water resources.
Exploring perceptions of genetic counseling student‐run free clinics as an innovative service delivery model to increase access to genetic counseling services
Authors: Morgan Shayna , Lajonchere Clara , Prelip Michael , Palmer Christina G. S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUnderrepresented groups lack access to genetics services, heightening health disparities among those who benefit from advancements in precision medicine. An innovative approach to addressing this gap in care and increasing health equity in the context of genetic counseling is student‐run free clinics (SRFCs). While only one recently established SRFC for genetic counseling is reported in the literature, SRFCs have a long‐standing presence in other health professional schools, such as nursing, pharmacy and physical therapy, and research supports the benefits for patients and students. This qualitative study aims to explore the perspectives of certified genetic counselors (CGCs) and genetic counseling students (GC students) regarding SRFCs as an innovative service delivery model to increase access to genetic counseling services. Semi‐structured Zoom interviews were conducted with 10 CGCs and 10 GC students across the United States. Participants were asked open‐ended questions about how SRFCs could meet needs of the field, potential challenges in creating and maintaining these clinics, and anticipated outcomes. Through abductive thematic analysis of interview transcripts, three main themes were identified: (1) SRFCs can be mutually beneficial as alignment with profession goals potentially leads to positive outcomes for patients and students; (2) student scope of duties will vary depending on student ability corresponding with their training timeline and level of required supervision; and (3) successful SRFC implementation and sustainability will require thoughtful planning regarding collaboration, infrastructure support, clinic operations, visibility, and protections for vulnerable groups. Participants recognized SRFCs' potential to reduce health disparities by expanding access to genetic counseling for uninsured and underinsured populations. Implementing SRFCs could enhance the quality of GC student training, providing opportunities to apply skills and gain experience working with diverse patient populations. A key subtheme was the need to foster support from the CGC community in transitioning from a traditional supervision model. This research provides a baseline framework from which to further develop and implement SRFCs for genetic counseling.
Facile Synthesis of Aptamer‐Functionalized Polydopamine‐Coated Magnetic Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites for Highly Efficient Purification of His‐Tagged Proteins
Authors: Qin Qian , Liu Xiaolong , Wang Xun , Zhou Lina , Wan Huihui , Yin Qingxin , Chen Di 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTRecombinant proteins hold significant importance in numerous disciplines. As the demand for expressing and purifying these proteins grows, the scientific community is in dire need of a simple yet versatile methodology that can efficiently purify these proteins. Aptamers as synthetic nucleic acid–based ligands with high affinity have shown promise in this regard, as they can capture targets through molecular recognition. In this study, novel aptamer‐functionalized polydopamine‐coated magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposites were facilely prepared, achieving an impressive average aptamer coverage density (45 nmol/mg). These nanocomposites exhibited a uniform structure and robust magnetic responsiveness. The findings indicated that they possess several advantages, such as rapid adsorption, substantial capacity (171.4 mg/g), and excellent reusability. Notably, due to the inherent properties of nucleic acids, the immobilized aptamer‐magnetic beads can be utilized repeatedly with high purification efficiency. Finally, the nanocomposites were further employed to purify His‐tagged proteins from actual samples. Remarkably, they were able to selectively and efficiently isolate His‐tagged retinoid X receptor alpha protein from complex Escherichia coli lysate. The purified His‐tagged retinoid X receptor alpha protein was analyzed using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. This confirmed the efficacy of developed nanocomposites, reinforcing their vast potential for purification of His‐tagged recombinant proteins.
Precipitation and Soil Nitrogen as Key Drivers of Species and Phylogenetic Diversity Across Growth Forms in Picea purpurea Forests of the Eastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Qi Rui , Cao Jiahao , Li Bo , Liu Ting , Gao Benqiang , Wang Siqing , Ren Zhengwei , Chen Ning , Hu Xiaowen 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Picea purpurea forests are a fundamental part of the coniferous forests of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. These forests support an extremely rich diversity of organisms while providing crucial ecological functions. Despite their importance, the species and phylogenetic diversity (PD) of these forests remain understudied. The extent to which different plant growth forms in the forest are influenced by the environment varies according to differences in the evolutionary history and characteristics of these taxa. Here, we investigate the variations in all, woody, and herbaceous plant species diversity (SD) and PD in the eastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau's Picea purpurea forests, along with the associated environmental factors influencing these patterns. Our results show that both SD and PD exhibit similar patterns across all, woody, and herbaceous plants. Notably, mean annual precipitation, total nitrogen, and altitude were identified as the primary factors accounting for the majority of variance in SD and PD within plant communities. Specifically, we found positive correlations between SD and PD with soil total nitrogen content, while negative correlations were observed with mean annual precipitation and altitude. Furthermore, we find that the influence of environmental variables on all plants was found to be more pronounced compared to woody and especially herbaceous plants in terms of both SD and PD. Environmental factors had a direct effect on SD and PD in all woody and herbaceous plants. However, the strength of these effects varied. Importantly, our results indicate that environmental factors influence SD independently of PD. Our findings suggest that precipitation and total soil nitrogen were the most influential environmental factors affecting plant diversity across different growth forms in Picea purpurea communities. However, inferring SD from PD remains a challenging task. These findings of our study will provide guidance for forest biodiversity conservation and sustainable forest management in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.
Analysis of photothermal heating of microhole bowtie antennas on gold metal films
Authors: Andres Aguilera Ramos J. , Ventura Brhayllan M. , Javier Gonzalez Fco. , Peale Robert E. , Khondaker Saiful I. , González Gabriel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, we present a numerical and experimental study of the photothermal heating of microholes array (MHA) bowtie antennas on gold metal films. The article first shows how MHAs in gold metal films can absorb more heat depending on the geometry or placement of the MHA in each gold metal films. We show numerically and experimentally that the photothermal heating exhibits a maximum when the MHAs are patterned in a bowtie‐like geometry. Numerical studies were carried out by using COMSOL multiphysics and experimental results were obtained using thermal imaging microscopy for several different MHAs geometries, respectively. Our results showed a good agreement between experimental data and the numerical simulations, validating that MHAs bowtie antennas on gold metal films heat significantly more and make them ideal for use in photothermal applications.
No thanks: How an ideology of sharing, not reciprocating, ensures abundance in the forests of south‐eastern Cameroon
Authors: Hoyte Simon , Mangombe Felix 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Reciprocity and relationality are themes which frequently emerge with respect to human–nature associations in Indigenous groups around the world. But many hunter‐gatherers have been shown to reject systems of reciprocity, instead favouring unconditional sharing both between each other and their environment through egalitarian social structures. Investigations of human–nature reciprocity in Central African hunter‐gatherers has been neglected. In this article, we investigate how Baka‐forest relationships intersect with concepts of reciprocity and what the implications are for forest managers.

The work is the result of a collaboration between local knowledge holders and an anthropologist who carried out extensive ethnographic fieldwork in a Baka village in south‐eastern Cameroon.

Through the examples of three phenomena—origin stories, human–animal shapeshifting, and forest and ancestral spirits—we show that the Baka hold a complex and deeply rooted relational connection with the forest, whereby the two are closely tied.

The common notion of direct human–nature reciprocity whereby ‘giving back’ or ‘giving thanks’ that appears in such a diversity of contexts is not present in the case of the Baka. Rather, the focus is on celebrating the abundance of the forest experienced, expressed through sharing properly with others. There is no expectation that this will lead to getting something in return, but instead is known as the ultimate way to achieve joy. As the Baka consider themselves as part of the forest, ensuring their own well‐being is ensuring the well‐being of the forest, an ideology dependent on close relational ties.

Extractive industries and mainstream conservation practices in south‐eastern Cameroon are often based on inappropriate approaches which may cause harm to forest communities and jeopardise the state of the forest in the long term. The social‐ecological philosophy we describe, which insists on caring for forest people as the primary means for caring for the forest, provides guidance for forest managers in the tropics and more widely in how to secure a sustainable future for both forests and people.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Flexible and wearable multilayer structure fiber sensor for motion and human physiological signal monitoring
Authors: Wu Di , Weng Ling , Zhang Xiaorui , Guan Lizhu , Wu Zijian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of flexible piezoresistive sensors has increasingly attracted widespread attention due to their various potential applications in wearable devices, human–machine interfaces, and health monitoring systems. Developing high‐performance sensors that can accurately monitor movement and human health monitoring is very necessary. This study uses silver nanoparticles, MXene, and polypyrrole to prepare conductive fabrics based on various fabrics through layer‐by‐layer encapsulation. Finally, conductive fabrics with different layers were encapsulated to prepare a multilayer fiber sensor. Next, the series piezoresistive performance of sensors made of different fabric materials and sensors with different layers were tested. The experimental results show that the sensor prepared has the best performance when the selected fabric material is mulberry silk and the number of layers of the fabric is five. After testing, the sensitivity of the sensor is 4.9029 at low strain and 0.7901 at high strain. Moreover, it exhibits good stability during 1600 compression‐release cycles and temperatures range from −20 to 60°C. The designed sensor performs well in motion and human physiological signal monitoring. This study provides new ideas and references for the design and research of multilayer fiber sensors.
Investigation of bioactive components and metabolic pathways of Zhen‐wu‐tang in rat plasma and renal tissue by UPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS
Authors: Yuan Shengliang , Chen Junqi , Cao Yiwen , Zhao Huan , Lin Shuyin , Xiong Jingli , Xian Jiayue , Zhao Minglan , Zhou Yuan , Zhou Jiuyao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionZhen‐wu‐tang (ZWT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula for the treatment of several kidney diseases. However, due to the complexity of the TCM formula, there is a lack of accurate knowledge of the chemical constituents of ZWT and its bioactive components, as well as in vivo metabolic pathway studies.ObjectivesThe chemical composition of ZWT and its bioactive components along with the metabolic pathways were investigated by a combination of chemical profiling and serum pharmacochemistry.MethodsHigh‐resolution ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the chemical components of ZWT and its bioactive components and metabolites in vivo.ResultsAs a result, a total of 110 chemical components were identified from ZWT solution, mainly amino acids, alkaloids, gingerols, monoterpene glycosides and terpenoids, and so on. In addition, 24 prototype components and 36 metabolites were detected in rat plasma. Meanwhile, 8 prototype components were detected in rat kidney tissue but no metabolites. Interestingly, 4 of the 28 bioactive components were detected in both plasma and renal tissue, which were atractylenolide III, trimethoxyaconitane, methyl gallate, and paeoniflorin. The metabolic pathways mainly involved Phases I and/or II metabolic reactions such as hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction and hydration, methylation/demethylation, sulphation, glucuronidation, acetylation, and glutathione conjugation.ConclusionOverall, the present study has comprehensively elucidated the chemical composition of ZWT and its potential bioactive components and metabolites, which provides a basis for the basic study of its pharmacodynamic substances and a reference for the study of the bioactive components of TCM formulae.
Synthesis and properties of biomass‐based polymethacrylate comprising chitin‐derived 2‐acetamide‐2‐deoxyisosorbide as a repeat unit
Authors: Koyama Yasuhito , Sagawa Takuya , Kohno Kazufumi , Sato Kento , Kobayashi Hirokazu , Fukuoka Atsushi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSynthesis and applications of biobased polymers have been extensively studied in order to reduce the use of petroleum‐based polymers and likewise environmental load. Several biobased polymers have been produced on a commercial large scale to date. However, the lineup of biobased high‐performance polymers with transparency and high glass transition temperature is inadequate and their development is a critical issue. In this article, we design a new biobased polymethacrylate comprising rigid cis‐fused bicyclic 2‐acetamide‐2‐deoxyisosorbide (ADI) as a repeat unit. We have recently invented catalytic transformation systems from chitin as a marine biomass to ADI as a new nitrogen‐containing platform chemical. The ADI‐based polymethacrylate is synthesized via free radical polymerization of the methacrylic acid ester of ADI initiated by (NH4)2S2O8 and N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine in dimethylsulfoxide–H2O mixed solvent. The molecular weight and its dispersity are estimated by size exclusion chromatography on the basis of polymethylmethacrylate standards. UV–visible spectroscopy demonstrates the high transparency of the polymer in the visible wavelength region. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis of the polymer clarifies the remarkably high glass transition temperature, compared with that of polymethylmethacrylate. The thermal decomposition temperature of the polymer is also evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. On the basis of the favorable properties of the ADI‐based polymer, the present study proposes it as a nitrogen‐containing biobased polymer useful for real‐world applications. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Role of inpatient rehabilitation facility functional measures to predict community discharge after stroke
Authors: Mangone Elizabeth , Shahriary Eashan , Bosch Pamela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the association between stroke severity, functional status measured by the Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility‐Patient Assessment Instrument (IRF‐PAI), and community discharge from IRF.ObjectivesAim one examined the association between National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores measured during the acute care stay and IRF admission functional status, measured by the admission IRF‐PAI self‐care and mobility functional measures, to deduce if functional measures can serve as a proxy for stroke severity. Aim two investigated the ability of the NIHSS and IRF‐PAI admission functional measures to predict community discharge from IRF after stroke.DesignRetrospective cohort study using electronic health records and Uniform Data System. Medical Record file data from January 1, 2018, to December 30, 2019.SettingAcademic hospital‐based IRF.ParticipantsFive hundred forty‐four patients transferred from acute care hospital to IRF after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Exclusion criteria included a transient ischemic attack, discharge against medical advice, death during IRF stay, or readmission to acute care within 48 hours of IRF admission.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresAdmission IRF‐PAI self‐care and mobility scores and discharge status from IRF.ResultsOf the 544 patients, 76.7% had community discharge. NIHSS scores were significantly associated with IRF‐PAI admission self‐care scores across each NIHSS stroke category. There was no statistically significant association between NIHSS and IRF‐PAI admission mobility score. IRF admission self‐care and mobility scores were each statistically significant predictors of community discharge (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.17; OR = 1.10, CI: 1.03–1.18, respectively). NIHSS scores were not a statistically significant predictor of community discharge (OR = 0.70, CI: 0.47–1.04) from IRF.ConclusionsIRF‐PAI self‐care functional measure is associated with the NIHSS and can serve as a proxy for stroke severity. IRF‐PAI self‐care and mobility measures each predict community discharge.
Exploring rural futures through spatial‐temporal migration balance changes in a North‐Caucasian rural basin
Authors: Burgos Ana L. , Morozova Anastasia , Ivolga Anna , Cuevas‐Garcia Gabriela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA better understanding of spatial‐temporal demographic changes in rural regions can contribute to envision potential rural futures and improve regional planning. This research aimed to analyse the migration balance and its spatial‐temporal changes in a rural basin in the Russian Federation's North Caucasus District. The basin was divided into water functional zones to examine the environmental conditions and relate them to possible future anthropogenic pressures and threats to population well‐being. Two migration balance indicators (on total population and working‐age sector) were calculated in settlements to classify them as attractors, expellers or stable population entities in two census data (2014 and 2020). The spatial‐temporal changes were assessed by testing two hypotheses: one related to population concentration and rural depopulation trends; the other focused on working‐age migration and workforce availability. Moreover, a foresight tool employed migration balance indicators in 2020 to explore population trends and possible trajectories. Findings revealed that in this rural basin, a small number of settlements served as attractors in the upper functional zone where two urban centres are found, potentially intensifying soil erosion and pollution. In the middle and lower functional zones, most rural and small urban settlements showed unfavored migration balances, leading to population and workforce decline. Negative environmental factors like declining water quality and increased wind erosion could worsen this trend. The migration challenges by functional zones highlight the growing regional disparities. The combination of spatial demography with the basin approach provided improved information to foster collaboration in a shared basin and effectively address undesirable rural outcomes at regional level.