bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulated juvenile salmon growth and phenology respond to altered thermal regimes and stream network shape
Authors: Fullerton Aimee H. , Burke Brian J. , Lawler Joshua J. , Torgersen Christian E. , Ebersole Joseph L. , Leibowitz Scott G. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIt is generally accepted that climate change will stress coldwater species such as Pacific salmon. However, it is unclear what aspect of altered thermal regimes (e.g., warmer winters, springs, summers, or increased variability) will have the greatest effect, and what role the spatial properties of river networks play. Thermally diverse habitats may afford protection from climate change by providing opportunities for aquatic organisms to find and use habitats with optimal conditions for growth. We hypothesized that climate‐altered thermal regimes will change growth and timing of life history events such as emergence or migration but that changes will be moderated in topologically complex stream networks where opportunities to thermoregulate are more readily available to mobile animals. Because climate change effects on populations are spatially variable and contingent upon physiological optima, assessments of risk must take a spatially explicit approach. We developed a spatially structured individual‐based model for Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in which movement decisions and growth were governed by water temperature and conspecific density. We evaluated growth and phenology (timing of egg emergence and smolting) under a variety of thermal regimes (each having a different minimum, rate of warming, maximum, and variability) and in three network shapes of increasing spatial complexity. Across networks, fish generally grew faster and were capable of smolting earlier in warmer scenarios where water temperatures experienced by fish were closer to optimal; however, growth decreased for some fish. We found that salmon size and smolt date responded more strongly to warmer springs and summers than to warmer winters or increased variability. Fish in the least complex network grew faster and were ready to smolt earlier than fish in the more spatially complex network shapes in the contemporary thermal regime; patterns were similar but less clear in warmer thermal regimes. Our results demonstrate that network topology may influence how fish respond to thermal landscapes, and this information will be useful for incorporating a spatiotemporal context into conservation decisions that promote long‐term viability of salmon in a changing climate.
Development of new sensor systems for continuous bedload monitoring using a submerged load‐cell system (SLS)
Authors: Itoh Takahiro , Nagayama Takahiko , Utsunomiya Rei , Fujita Masaharu , Tsutsumi Daizo , Miyata Shusuke , Mizuyama Takahisa 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIt is important to evaluate bedload discharge and temporal changes of the bed surface, and bed deformation can be estimated during floods if the bedload discharge is properly evaluated in an arbitrary cross‐section. With the exception of grain size and its distribution within the bedload, bedload discharge has been measured using both direct and indirect methods. Bedload slot is a direct method but cannot be used to measure bedload during a flood because of volume limitations. Indirect methods require correlation between the signals and sediment volume measured using another method. In the present study, a small, automatically recording bedload sensor with an iron plate and a pair of load cells is developed in order to evaluate not only large particles but also sand particles as bedload. Bedload mass is calculated by integrating with respect to both the velocity of sediment particles and the averaged particle weight as measured by a pair of load cells, and, as an example, the velocity is estimated by the cross‐correlation function of weights measured by load cells. The applicability of the proposed sensor is discussed based on the results of flume tests in the laboratory (2014) and the observation flume of the Hodaka Sedimentation Observatory of Kyoto University in Japan (2015). The system was installed in the observation flume in November of 2012, and flume data were obtained using natural sediment particles. In particular, it was difficult to estimate the velocity of averaged bedload particles, and it was better to apply a cross‐correlation function in the laboratory tests. However, it appears that the previous estimation can estimate these velocities in the observation flume using a connecting tube and submerged load‐cell systems. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metabolic correlates of cognitive function in children with unilateral Sturge–Weber syndrome: Evidence for regional functional reorganization and crowding
Authors: Kim Jeong‐A , Jeong Jeong‐Won , Behen Michael E. , Pilli Vinod K. , Luat Aimee , Chugani Harry T. , Juhász Csaba 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTo evaluate metabolic changes in the ipsi‐ and contralateral hemisphere in children showing a cognitive profile consistent with early reorganization of cognitive function, we evaluated the regional glucose uptake, interhemispheric metabolic connectivity, and cognitive function in children with unilateral SWS. Interictal 2‐deoxy‐2[18F]fluoro‐D‐glucose (FDG)‐PET scans of 27 children with unilateral SWS and mild epilepsy and 27 age‐matched control (non‐SWS children with epilepsy and normal FDG‐PET) were compared using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Regional FDG‐PET abnormalities calculated as SPM(t) scores in the SWS group were correlated with cognitive function (IQ) in left‐ and right‐hemispheric subgroups. Interhemispheric metabolic connectivity between homotopic cortical regions was also calculated. Verbal IQ was substantially (≥10 points difference) higher than non‐verbal IQ in 61% of the right‐ and 71% of the left‐hemispheric SWS group. FDG SPM(t) scores in the affected hemisphere showed strong positive correlations with IQ in the left‐hemispheric, but not in right‐hemispheric SWS group in several frontal, parietal, and temporal cortical regions. Significant positive interhemispheric metabolic connectivity, present in controls, was diminished in the SWS group. In addition, the left‐hemispheric SWS group showed inverse metabolic interhemispheric correlations in specific parietal, temporal, and occipital regions. FDG SPM(t) scores in the same regions of the right (unaffected) hemisphere showed inverse correlations with IQ. These findings suggest that left‐hemispheric lesions in SWS often result in early reorganization of verbal functions while interfering with (“crowding”) their non‐verbal cognitive abilities. These cognitive changes are associated with specific metabolic abnormalities in the contralateral hemisphere not directly affected by SWS.
Prognostic value of tumor volume in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with primary surgery
Authors: Dejaco Daniel , Steinbichler Teresa , Schartinger Volker H. , Fischer Natalie , Anegg Maria , Dudas Jozsef , Posch Andrea , Widmann Gerlig , Riechelmann Herbert 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundTumor volume in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was mainly measured in nonsurgically treated patients. We analyzed the influence of tumor volume on complete response (CR), overall survival (OS), and clear surgical margins also in primarily surgically treated patients.MethodsIn contrast‐enhanced CTs, the tumor volumes of patients with incident HNSCC were measured.ResultsThe tumor volumes of 259 patients were measured, of which 125 patients (48%) underwent primary surgery and 102 patients (84%) had clear margins. The tumor volume was not an independent factor for CR at the primary tumor site. Risk of death increased by 1.4% per mL of tumor volume (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8%‐2.0%; P < .001). The OS was better in patients treated with primary surgery, if the tumor volume was ≤12 mL (P < .001). Risk of involved margins increased by 4.5% per mL of tumor volume (95% CI 0.9%‐8.3%; P = .003). The predicted probability of clear margins was ≥80% in tumor volumes ≤ 16 mL.ConclusionThe tumor volume had an impact on CR, OS, and clear margins. The tumor volume may also aid in selecting HNSCC treatment.
A framework for linking population model development with ecological risk assessment objectives
Authors: Raimondo Sandy , Etterson Matthew , Pollesch Nathan , Garber Kristina , Kanarek Andrew , Lehmann Wade , Awkerman Jill 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

The value of models that link organism-level impacts to the responses of a population in ecological risk assessments (ERAs) has been demonstrated extensively over the past few decades. There is little debate about the utility of these models to translate multiple organism-level endpoints into a holistic interpretation of effect to the population; however, there continues to be a struggle for actual application of these models as a common practice in ERA. Although general frameworks for developing models for ERA have been proposed, there is limited guidance on when models should be used, in what form, and how to interpret model output to inform the risk manager's decision. We propose a framework for developing and applying population models in regulatory decision making that focuses on trade-offs of generality, realism, and precision for both ERAs and models. We approach the framework development from the perspective of regulators aimed at defining the needs of specific models commensurate with the assessment objective. We explore why models are not widely used by comparing their requirements and limitations with the needs of regulators. Using a series of case studies under specific regulatory frameworks, we classify ERA objectives by trade-offs of generality, realism, and precision and demonstrate how the output of population models developed with these same trade-offs informs the ERA objective. We examine attributes for both assessments and models that aid in the discussion of these trade-offs. The proposed framework will assist risk assessors and managers to identify models of appropriate complexity and to understand the utility and limitations of a model's output and associated uncertainty in the context of their assessment goals. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:369–380. Published 2017. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

Key Points
We present a framework for the development of population models for ecological risk assessment (ERA). We identify factors that currently prevent the use of population models in ERAs in regulatory decision making and develop a framework that addresses these inhibitory factors. The framework presents an approach that will guide the development of population models of varying levels of complexity based on the objective of the ERA. A series of case studies demonstrate the application of the framework under various regulatory statutes.
Difficult Differences: A Socio‐cultural Analysis of How Diversity Can Enable and Inhibit Creativity
Authors: Hawlina Hana , Gillespie Alex , Zittoun Tania 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe relationship between diversity and creativity can be seen as paradoxical. A diversity of perspectives should be advantageous for collaborative creativity, yet its benefits are often offset by adverse social processes. One suggestion for overcoming these negative effects is perspective taking. We compared four dyads with low scores on trait perspective taking with four dyads who were high on trait perspective taking on a brainstorming task followed by reconstructive interviews. Trait‐based perspective taking was strongly associated with greater creativity. However, contrary with expectation, interactional perspective taking behaviors (including questioning, signaling understanding, repairing) were associated with lesser creativity. The dyads that generated the fewest ideas were most likely to get stuck within ideational domains, struggling to understand one‐another, having to elaborate and justify their ideas more. In contrast, the dyads that generated many ideas were more likely to recognize each other's ideas as valuable without extensive justification or negotiation. We suggest that perspective taking is crucially important for mediating diversity in the generation of new ideas not only because it enables understanding the perspective of the other, but because it entails an atmosphere of tolerance, playfulness, and mutual recognition.
Coupling nanoliter high‐performance liquid chromatography to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for arsenic speciation
Authors: Cheng Heyong , Shen Lihuan , Liu Jinhua , Xu Zigang , Wang Yuanchao 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNanoliter high‐performance liquid chromatography shows low consumption of solvents and samples, offering one of the best choices for arsenic speciation in precious samples in combination with inuctively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A systematic investigation on coupling nanoliter high‐performance liquid chromatography to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry from instrument design to injected sample volume and mobile phase was performed in this study. Nanoflow mobile phase was delivered by flow splitting using a conventional high‐pressure pump with reuse of mobile phase waste. Dead volume was minimized to 60 nL for the sheathless interface based on the previously developed nanonebulizer. Capillary columns for nanoliter high‐performance liquid chromatography were found to be sensitive to sample loading volume. An apparent difference was also found between the mobile phases for nanoliter and conventional high‐performance liquid chromatography. Baseline separation of arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsenic, and dimethylarsenic was achieved within 11 min on a 15 cm C18 capillary column and within 12 min on a 25 cm strong anion exchange column. Detection limits of 0.9–1.8 μg/L were obtained with precisions variable in the range of 1.6–4.2%. A good agreement between determined and certified values of a certified reference material of human urine (GBW 09115) validated its accuracy along with good recoveries (87–102%).
Evaluation of Subclinical Atherosclerosis by Ultrasound Radiofrequency Data Technology in Patients With Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Kaplanoglu Hatice , Özisler Cem 
Published: December 2017

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to noninvasively demonstrate the presence of early risk associated with subclinical inflammatory activity in patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) who had stable disease, using ultrasound (US) radiofrequency data technology.MethodsA total of 110 participants, including 55 patients with FMF and 55 healthy control participants, were evaluated with Doppler US. The intima‐media thickness and arterial stiffness were measured from bilateral common carotid arteries (CCAs) by the radiofrequency method.ResultsNo statistically significant difference was found between the patients with FMF and controls in terms of the right and left CCA intima‐media thickness, distensibility coefficient, compliance coefficient, α and β stiffness indices, and pulsed wave velocity (P > .05). Symptom duration and diagnosis and treatment time of the patients with FMF had a negative correlation with the distensibility and compliance measurements obtained by Doppler US (r = –0.324 and –0.303), and a positive (r = 0.380 and 0.339) and statistically significant relationship was detected between the α stiffness index, β stiffness index, and pulsed wave velocity (P < .05).ConclusionsCommon carotid artery intima‐media thickness and arterial stiffness measurements can aid in early prediction of cardiovascular disease development in patients with FMF. Radiofrequency data technology provides a noninvasive method for accurately and quantitatively showing the CCA intima‐media thickness elevation and the decrease in vascular elasticity in patients with FMF.
The Hypotriglyceridemic Effect of Sciadonic Acid is Mediated by the Inhibition of Δ9‐Desaturase Expression and Activity
Authors: Pédrono Frédérique , Boulier‐Monthéan Nathalie , Boissel Françoise , Ossemond Jordane , Lohézic‐Le Dévéhat Françoise 
Published: December 2017

ScopeSciadonic acid (Scia; 20:3Δ5,11,14) is a distinctive fatty acid (FA) with a polymethylene‐interrupted double bond at C5. It is specifically found in seeds from gymnosperms such as pine nuts. Published papers describe a decrease in liver and plasma triacylglycerols in rats fed with this nutriment. The present study seeks to identify the action mechanism of Scia on triacylglycerol synthesis. In this way, its nutritional effect on FA metabolism involving the Stearoyl‐CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1) is investigated.Methods and resultsScia is discerned in trace amount in various tissues of rats and in human serum. It is produced by Δ5‐desaturation of 20:2n‐6 in human transfected SH‐SY5Y cell lines and also in rat hepatocytes. When Scia is incubated with cultured hepatocytes as a nutrient, the cellular FA profile is modified. In particular, the proportion of the monoenes (18:1n‐9, 18:1n‐7, 16:1n‐7) are all decreased, correlating to the reduction of triacylglycerol amounts. This effect is mediated by the inhibition of SCD1 expression. Furthermore, Scia, as well as 20:3n‐6 and 20:3n‐9 but not 20:3n‐3, strongly inhibit the SCD1 activity measured on liver microsomes.ConclusionOverall, this study shows that Scia, despite its unusual structure, contributes to the FA metabolism and reduced triacylglycerol release by inhibiting SCD1 activity.
Composite ganglioside autoantibodies and immune treatment response in MMN and MADSAM
Authors: Martinez‐Thompson Jennifer M. , Snyder Melissa R. , Ettore Michael , McKeon Andrew , Pittock Sean J. , Roforth Matthew M. , Mandrekar Jay , Mauermann Michelle L. , Taylor Bruce V. , Dyck P. James B. , Windebank Anthony J. , Klein Christopher J. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a motor only, asymmetric onset neuropathy that is relatively treatment‐refractory compared with classic chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor (MADSAM) neuropathy. Methods: We reviewed 35 patients seropositive for GM1 (monosialo‐asialo [immunoglobulin M, IgM; immunoglobulin G, IgG]) and/or GD1b (disialo [IgG, IgM]) autoantibodies having MMN, classic CIDP, or MADSAM. Immune‐treatment responsiveness and clinical course was compared with antibody negative disease controls. Results: Seventy‐nine percent of seropositives with an initial diagnosis of MMN were immunotherapy responsive compared with 46% of seronegatives (P = 0.045). Eight ganglioside antibody positive MMN patients of 19 (42%) developed sensory findings consistent with MADSAM compared with 3 of 41 (7%) seronegative MMN patients (P = 0.003). MMN and MADSAM patients with ganglioside antibody positivity had more sustained treatment responses (P = 0.03). Discussion: Patients initially diagnosed with MMN seropositive for diverse GM1 autoantibodies appear more likely to have sustained treatment response and evolution to MADSAM. Muscle Nerve 57: 1000–1005, 2018
Adversity of prolonged extreme cold exposure among adult clients diagnosed with coronary artery diseases: a primer for recommending community health nursing intervention
Authors: Gumabay Eladio Martin S. , Ramirez Raquel C. , Dimaya Judy Mae M. , Beltran Mae M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimThis research study explored the lived experiences of adults diagnosed with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) when exposed to a prolonged period of extreme cold.DesignThis research study utilized descriptive qualitative research design.MethodsFace‐to‐face interview sessions with audio recording were conducted. There were 30 informants who participated in the study. Descriptive phenomenology with Colaizzi's method of data analysis was used.ResultsResults revealed three themes, namely: (i) elucidating cold exposure; (ii) challenges of cold exposure; and (iii) translating adverse exposure to self‐management. The results further revealed the significance of nursing health care especially to health promotion, disease prevention and health restoration especially in community setting.ConclusionIn conclusion, manifestations ofCADare triggered when exposed to a prolonged period of extremely low environmental temperature.
Early intervention for infants and toddlers: Applications for pediatric oncology
Authors: Harman Jennifer L. , Wise Jillian , Willard Victoria W. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractYoung children (<3 years) with cancer are at risk for delays in development due to their disease and its required treatments and restrictions. In the United States, Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act describes a system of early intervention (EI) services for young children with delays or the potential for delays in development. Children with cancer may be eligible for EI but are rarely referred. Our objectives are to describe the critical impact of early childhood development on long‐term outcomes, review current considerations for EI, and advocate for the referral to EI for young children with cancer.
Metalloporphyrin–polyelectrolyte assemblies in aqueous solution: Influence of the metal center and the polyelectrolyte architecture
Authors: Frühbeißer Sabine , Fuenzalida Werner Juan Pablo , Gröhn Franziska 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the influence of different metal centers in porphyrins and of different polyelectrolyte architectures on the formation of supramolecular metalloporphyrin–polyelectrolyte assemblies in aqueous solution via electrostatic self‐assembly. Metal‐analogues of the tetravalent anionic meso‐tetrakis(4‐sulfonatophenyl)‐porphyrin (with Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Mn3+, and Fe3+) are combined with the cationic dendrimer of generation 4 or with the linear polydiallyldimethyl‐ammoniumchloride. Dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy reveal that the different molecular geometries of the metalloporphyrins resulting from axial ligands determine the size and the stability of the aggregates. A thermodynamic study elucidates the importance of the polymer architecture in controlling the size of the assembly and the role of the metal center. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 484–500
iTRAQ‐Based Proteomic Analysis Reveals Protein Profile in Plasma from Children with Autism
Authors: Shen Liming , Zhang Kaoyuan , Feng Chengyun , Chen Youjiao , Li Shuiming , Iqbal Javed , Liao Liping , Zhao Yuxi , Zhai Jian 
Published: December 2017

PurposeAutism is a childhood neurological disorder with poorly understood etiology and pathology. This study is designed to identify differentially expressed proteins that might serve as potential biomarkers for autism.Experimental designWe perform iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) analysis for normal and autistic children's plasma of the same age group.ResultsThe results show that 24 differentially expressed proteins were identified between autistic subjects and controls. For the first time, differential expression of complement C5 (C5) and fermitin family homolog 3 (FERMT3) are related to autism. Five proteins, that is, complement C3 (C3), C5, integrin alpha‐IIb (ITGA2B), talin‐1 (TLN1), and vitamin D‐binding protein (GC) were validated via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). By ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis, combinations of these five proteins C3, C5, GC, ITGA2B, and TLN1 distinguished autistic children from healthy controls with a high AUC (area under the ROC curve) value (0.982, 95% CI, 0.957–1.000, p < 0.000).ConclusionThese above described proteins are found involved in different pathways that have previously been linked to the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The results strongly support that focal adhesions, acting cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, motility and migration, synaptogenesis, and complement system are involved in the pathogenesis of autism, and highlight the important role of platelet function in the pathophysiology of autism.