bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloud Structure of Three Galactic Infrared Dark Star-forming Regions from Combining Ground- and Space-based Bolometric Observations
Authors: Lin Yuxin , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Dale James E. , Li Di , Busquet Gemma , Zhang Zhi-Yu , Ginsburg Adam , Galván-Madrid Roberto , Kovács Attila , Koch Eric , Qian Lei , Wang Ke , Longmore Steve , Chen Huei-Ru , Walker Daniel 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We have modified the iterative procedure introduced by Lin et al., to systematically combine the submillimeter images taken from ground-based (e.g., CSO, JCMT, APEX) and space (e.g., Herschel, Planck) telescopes. We applied the updated procedure to observations of three well-studied Infrared Dark Clouds (IRDCs): G11.11−0.12, G14.225−0.506, and G28.34+0.06, and then performed single-component, modified blackbody fits to each pixel to derive ∼10″ resolution dust temperature and column density maps. The derived column density maps show that these three IRDCs exhibit complex filamentary structures embedded with rich clumps/cores. We compared the column density probability distribution functions (N-PDFs) and two-point correlation (2PT) functions of the column density field between these IRDCs with several OB-cluster-forming regions. Based on the observed correlation between the luminosity-to-mass ratio and the power-law index of the N-PDF, and complementary hydrodynamical simulations for a 104

molecular cloud, we hypothesize that cloud evolution can be better characterized by the evolution of the (column) density distribution function and the relative power of dense structures as a function of spatial scales, rather than merely based on the presence of star-forming activity. An important component of our approach is to provide a model-independent quantification of cloud evolution. Based on the small analyzed sample, we propose four evolutionary stages, namely, cloud integration, stellar assembly, cloud pre-dispersal, and dispersed cloud. The initial cloud integration stage and the final dispersed cloud stage may be distinguished from the two intermediate stages by a steeper than −4 power-law index of the N-PDF. The cloud integration stage and the subsequent stellar assembly stage are further distinguished from each other by the larger luminosity-to-mass ratio (>40

) of the latter. A future large survey of molecular clouds with high angular resolution may establish more precise evolutionary tracks in the parameter space of N-PDF, 2PT function, and luminosity-to-mass ratio.
Development and Validation of the OMERACT Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Tenosynovitis Scoring System in a Multireader Exercise
Authors: Glinatsi Daniel , Bird Paul , Gandjbakhch Frédérique , Haavardsholm Espen A. , Peterfy Charles G. , Vital Edward M. , Emery Paul , Conaghan Philip G. , Østergaard Mikkel 
Published: May 2017

Objective.To develop and validate a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tenosynovitis (TS) score for tendons at the wrist and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Axial T1-weighted precontrast and postcontrast fat-saturated MR image sets of the hands of 43 patients with RA initiating rituximab therapy were obtained at baseline and after 14, 26, 38, or 52 weeks. The MR images were scored twice by 4 readers. Nine tendon compartments of the wrist and 4 flexor tendon compartments at the MCP joints were assessed. Tenosynovitis was scored as follows: 0: No; 1: < 1.5 mm; 2: ≥ 1.5 mm but < 3 mm; 3: ≥ 3 mm peritendinous effusion and/or postcontrast enhancement. Intrareader and interreader intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), smallest detectable change (SDC), percentage of exact and close agreement (PEA/PCA), and standardized response mean (SRM) were calculated.Results.Intrareader and interreader ICC for status and change scores were very good (≥ 0.80) for total scores for all readers. Intrareader SDC was ≤ 3.0 and interreader SDC was < 2.0. The overall PEA/PCA intrareader and interreader agreements for change scores in all tendons were 73.8%/97.6% and 47.9%/85.0%, respectively. Average SRM was moderate for total scores and 60.5% of the patients had a tenosynovitis change score ≥ SDC.Conclusion.The TS score showed high intrareader and interreader agreement for wrist and finger tendons, with moderate responsiveness, and the majority of the patients showed a change above the SDC. This scoring system may be included as a component of the RAMRIS.
Clinical Profiles and Prognosis of Patients with Distinct Antisynthetase Autoantibodies
Authors: Shi Jingli , Li Shanshan , Yang Hanbo , Zhang Yamei , Peng Qinglin , Lu Xin , Wang Guochun 
Published: May 2017

Objective.To compare the clinical characteristics and identify the longterm outcomes of Chinese patients with different antisynthetase antibodies.Methods.We investigated retrospectively 124 consecutive patients with antisynthetase syndrome. Medical records, laboratory results, and computed tomography images were obtained.Results.The antisynthetase antibodies we investigated were anti-Jo1 (n = 62), anti-PL7 (n = 31), anti-PL12 (n = 12), and anti-EJ (n = 19). The overall prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) reached 94.4% among study patients. Eleven patients (8.9%) developed rapidly progressive ILD (RP-ILD). Eight patients (6.5%) experienced malignancy. RP-ILD was statistically more prevalent in patients with antisynthetase syndrome with anti-PL7 than those without anti-PL7 (p = 0.028). Anti-Ro52–positive patients with antisynthetase syndrome experienced higher frequency of RP-ILD than those without anti-Ro52 (p = 0.001). Further, anti-PL7–positive patients coexisting with anti-Ro52 exhibited more RP-ILD than those without anti-Ro52 (p = 0.001). Patients with antisynthetase syndrome with RP-ILD had a higher proportion of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum ferritin than those without RP-ILD (p = 0.006 and p = 0.013, respectively). Although no differences were observed between the Kaplan-Meier curves of the 4 antisynthetase antibodies subgroups (p = 0.349), the survival rate of patients with anti-PL7 decreased more rapidly in the early stage of longterm followup compared with those with other antisynthetase antibodies. The presence of RP-ILD, malignancy, and elevated serum ferritin was identified to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with antisynthetase syndrome.Conclusion.Our study investigates the clinical phenotypes and outcomes of patients with antisynthetase syndrome with distinct antisynthetase antibodies and highlights the link between the anti-PL7 antibody and RP-ILD.
Novel Molecular Mechanism of Regulation of CD40 Ligand by the Transcription Factor GLI2
Authors: Han Weiguo , Jackson David A. , Matissek Stephan J. , Misurelli Jason A. , Neil Matthew S. , Sklavanitis Brandon , Amarsaikhan Nansalmaa , Elsawa Sherine F. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironment is essential for the growth and persistence of cancer cells. This interaction is mediated, in part, by cytokines. Although the role of cytokines in normal and malignant cell biology is well established, many of the molecular mechanisms regulating their expression remain elusive. In this article, we provide evidence of a novel pathway controlling the transcriptional activation of CD40L in bone marrow–derived stromal cells. Using a PCR-based screening of cytokines known to play a role in the biology of bone marrow malignancies, we identified CD40L as a novel GLI2 target gene in stromal cells. CD40L plays an important role in malignant B cell biology, and we found increased Erk phosphorylation and cell growth in malignant B cells cocultured with CD40L-expressing stromal cells. Further analysis indicated that GLI2 overexpression induced increased CD40L expression, and, conversely, GLI2 knockdown reduced CD40L expression. Using luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we demonstrate that GLI2 directly binds and regulates the activity of the CD40L promoter. We found that the CCR3–PI3K–AKT signaling modulates the GLI2–CD40L axis, and GLI2 is required for CCR3–PI3K–AKT-mediated regulation of the CD40L promoter. Finally, coculture of malignant B cells with cells stably expressing human CD40L results in increased Erk phosphorylation and increased malignant B cell growth, indicating that CD40L in the tumor microenvironment promotes malignant B cell activation. Therefore, our studies identify a novel molecular mechanism of regulation of CD40L by the transcription factor GLI2 in the tumor microenvironment downstream of CCR3 signaling.
Characterization of the Micro-Environment of the Testis that Shapes the Phenotype and Function of Testicular Macrophages
Authors: Wang Ming , Fijak Monika , Hossain Hamid , Markmann Melanie , Nüsing Rolf M. , Lochnit Günter , Hartmann Michaela F. , Wudy Stefan A. , Zhang Lizong , Gu Huanpeng , Konrad Lutz , Chakraborty Trinad , Meinhardt Andreas , Bhushan Sudhanshu 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Macrophages are important in the activation of innate immune responses and in a tissue-specific manner in the maintenance of organ homeostasis. Testicular macrophages (TM), which reside in the testicular interstitial space, comprise the largest leukocyte population in the testes and are assumed to play a relevant function in maintaining testicular immune privilege. Numerous studies have indicated that the interstitial fluid (IF) surrounding the TM has immunosuppressive properties, which may influence the phenotype of TM. However, the identity of the immunosuppressive molecules present in the IF is poorly characterized. We show that the rat testicular IF shifted GM-CSF–induced M1 toward the M2 macrophage phenotype. IF-polarized M2 macrophages mimic the properties of TM, such as increased expression of CD163, high secretion of IL-10, and low secretion of TNF-α. In addition, IF-polarized macrophages display immunoregulatory functions by inducing expansion of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells. We further found that corticosterone was the principal immunosuppressive molecule present in the IF and that the glucocorticoid receptor is needed for induction of the testis-specific phenotype of TM. In addition, TM locally produce small amounts of corticosterone, which suppresses the basal expression of inflammatory genes as a means to render TM refractory to inflammatory stimuli. Taken together, these results suggest that the corticosterone present in the testicular environment shapes the immunosuppressive function and phenotype of TM and that this steroid may play an important role in the establishment and sustenance of the immune privilege of the testis.
Application of gPCRK Methods to Nonlinear Random Differential Equations with Piecewise Constant Argument
Authors: Zhang Chengjian , Shi Wenjie 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe propose a class of numerical methods for solving nonlinear random differential equations with piecewise constant argument, called gPCRK methods as they combine generalised polynomial chaos with Runge-Kutta methods. An error analysis is presented involving the error arising from a finite-dimensional noise assumption, the projection error, the aliasing error and the discretisation error. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Exponential Additive Runge-Kutta Methods for Semi-Linear Differential Equations
Authors: Zhao Jingjun , Long Teng , Xu Yang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractExponential additive Runge-Kutta methods for solving semi-linear equations are discussed. Related order conditions and stability properties for both explicit and implicit schemes are developed, according to the dimension of the coefficients in the linear terms. Several examples illustrate our theoretical results.
Output Feedback Admissible Control for Singular Systems: Delta Operator (Discretised) Approach
Authors: Dong Xin-zhuang , Xiao Mingqing 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSingular systems simultaneously capture the dynamics and algebraic constraints in many practical applications. Output feedback admissible control for singular systems through a delta operator method is considered in this article. Two novel admissibility conditions, derived for the singular delta operator system (SDOS) from a singular continuous system through sampling, can not only produce unified admissibility for both continuous and discrete singular systems but also practical procedures. To solve the problem of output feedback admissible control for the SDOS, an existence condition and design procedure is given for the determination of a physically realisable observer for the state estimation, and then a suitable state-feedback-like admissible controller design based on the observer is developed. All of the conditions presented are necessary and sufficient, involving strict linear matrix inequalities (LMI) with feasible solutions obtained with low computational costs. Numerical examples illustrate our approach.
Admissible Regions for Higher-Order Finite Volume Method Grids
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Chen Zhongying 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAdmissible regions for higher-order finite volume method (FVM) grids are considered. A new Hermite quintic FVM and a new hybrid quintic FVM are constructed to solve elliptic boundary value problems, and the corresponding admissible regions are investigated. A sufficient condition for the uniform local-ellipticity of the new hybrid quintic FVM is obtained when its admissible region is known. In addition, the admissible regions for a large number of higher-order FVMs are provided. For the same class of FVM (Lagrange, Hermite or hybrid), the higher order FVM has a smaller admissible region such that stronger geometric restrictions are required to guarantee its uniform local-ellipticity.
Progesterone (P4), luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and ovarian activity in postpartum Santa Inês ewes subject to a male effect
Authors: Ferreira-Silva José Carlos , Burnett Tracy Anne , Souto Paulo Francisco Maciel Póvoas , Filho Paulo Castelo Branco Gouveia , Pereira Lucas Carvalho , Araujo Mariana Vieira , Moura Marcelo Tigre , Oliveira Marcos Antonio Lemos 
Published: May 2017

Abstract. This study aimed to establish P4 and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and ovarian activity as approaches to monitor the cyclicity of ewes under postpartum anestrus after the male effect approach. Santa Inês females (n  =  66) were evenly distributed into experimental groups where they were brought into contact with an intact male during the postpartum period of 35 to 40 days (T1) and 55 and 60 days postpartum (T2). Ewes were isolated from males for 30 days before the onset of the experiment. Estrus events were detected in 93.30 % (T1) and 100 % (T2) of females. Mean P4 concentrations (η g mL−1) before and after mating were 0.53 ± 0.17 and 4.55 ± 0.24 (T1) and 0.73 ± 0.06 and 4.90 ± 0.11 (T2), respectively, and concentrations were found to be lower (P  <  0.05) before contact between genders. Preovulatory peaks of LH (η g mL−1) were evaluated at 42 (T2) and at 80 h (T1) after exposure to males, with mean ovulatory follicles of 7.90 ± 0.31 (T1) and 8.50 ± 0.30 mm (T2) and a mean number of ovulations of 1.50 ± 0.54 (T1) and 1.60 ± 0.51 (T2). Pregnancy rates were 85.70 % (T1) and 93.3 % (T2), with no difference (P  >  0.05) between groups. Results showed that the male effect was effective for inducing and concentrating the occurrence of estrus in postpartum ewes that had lambed within 35 to 60 days previously. Moreover, preovulatory LH peaks occurred within 80 h after physical contact between genders, which led to follicle luteinization and increased P4 concentration, without compromising pregnancy rates. The male effect can be used with postpartum ewes that had lambed within 35 to 40 days previously in order to decrease time between deliveries.
FATIGUE CHARACTERIZATION OF A THERMOPLASTIC ELASTOMER
Authors: Mars W. V. , Ellul M. D. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
The capacity to resist crack development in an olefinic thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) has been measured via a set of experiments that quantify (1) the fracture mechanical strength of the material under quasi-static loads, (2) the rate of growth of a crack under dynamic solicitations as a function of the energy release rate, and (3) the size of crack precursors in new material. Because the subject TPE exhibited strong inelasticity in the stress–strain response, it also was necessary to characterize the development of an inelastic set under cyclic loading as a function of the applied strain. Combined with the multiplicative kinematic split, this additional measurement yields the elastic part of the strain. It also enables engineering calculations to be made of fatigue life.
Composição lipídica e proteica do leite humano pré e pós-pasteurização
Authors: FAVARETTO Meridiane , VIRCZOREK Anelise Ludmila , SILVA Claudinei Mesquita da , TEIXEIRA Jorge Juarez Vieira , PEDER Leyde Daiane de 
Published: May 2017

A pasteurização é um processo que visa eliminar microrganismos presentes em alimentos, e sua utilização é imprescindível nos bancos de leite humano. Embora de grande importância, muitos estudos têm demonstrado que leva a uma alteração na constituição de proteínas, consideradas o principal nutriente construtor do corpo humano e também de lipídeos, que constituem a maior parte da reserva energética do organismo, sendo assim, são nutrientes essenciais nas primeiras alimentações do recém-nascido. Com isso, o objetivo da presente pesquisa foi determinar o teor de lipídeos e proteínas do leite humano pré e pós-pasteurização pelo método de Soxhlet e Kjeldahl, respectivamente. Para tanto, amostras aleatórias de leite humano foram cedidas por um Banco de Leite de Cascavel-PR e analisadas. Verificou-se diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre no conteúdo proteico (0,88 para 0,80) e lipídico (7,58 para 5,62) antes e após pasteurização. Observa-se que a pasteurização, embora de grande importância, têm se mostrado um método que influencia negativamente na composição nutritiva do leite.
L'improvisation, du fragment à la plénitude
Authors: Ikor Tristan 
Published: May 2017

Quel est le sens de ce geste, finalement assez étrange, qui consiste à vouloir (s')improviser en musique, jusqu'à vouloir se montrer improvisant ? C'est en résonnant de grand air que ses significations raisonnent, et qui s'abordent aussi en sabordant. Ici, le complexe d'identité dans son entier est bouleversé, comme mis à vif dans un amour du son délesté de musique : l'urgence s'éprouve au plus fin, sur la crête d'un temps prêt à tout moment à s'évaporer en une immédiateté aussi foncièrement nouvelle qu'ancestrale. Le spectacle d'improvisation apparaît dès lors comme une sorte de lieu de jonction entre la fête sacrée et l'intimité d'un art brut. A la rencontre de l'autre pourtant dénié, le rapport à soi de l'improvisateur en jeu retrouve sa mondanéité propre et son originalité souveraine.
Benjamin Constant e os gabinetes de Física e Química da Escola Normal da Capital Federal (1890-1892)
Authors: Santos Heloisa Helena Meirelles dos 
Published: May 2017

O objetivo dessa pesquisa é analisar as razões do envolvimento do Governo Provisório republicano, através do ministro Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães, na montagem dos gabinetes de Física e Química da Escola Normal da Capital Federal. Benjamin Constant enviou à Escola Normal uma série de providências relativas a essa empreitada que compreenderam, dentre outras medidas: fazer seguro do prédio escolar, contratar preparador, adequar instalações de gás e disponibilizar recursos do Tesouro para comprar/transportar os equipamentos em momento crítico de instauração do regime republicano. A pesquisa toma por fontes privilegiadas os documentos do acervo do Centro de Memória do Instituto Superior de Educação do Rio de Janeiro, ainda não tratados historiograficamente, que revelaram a participação de Benjamin Constant e uso da máquina governamental para implantação dos gabinetes; a necessidade da compra do material; as discussões dos professores sobre a falta dos gabinetes e indícios do método utilizado no ensino dos normalistas. A investigação conclui que o pertencimento do Ministro Benjamin Constant ao educandário e a meta governamental de civilizar pela Ciência foram as causas do empenho do governo provisório para montagem dos gabinetes na Escola Normal da Capital Federal.Benjamin Constant and the offices of Physics and Chemistry of the Normal School of the Federal Capital (1890-1892). This research aims to analyze the involvement of the Republican Provisional Government, through minister Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães, in the establishment of the Physics and Chemistry offices of the Normal School of the Federal Capital. Benjamin Constant contributed a series of related measures to the Normal School, which included getting an insurance of the school building, recruiting teachers, adjusting gas facilities, and providing Treasury resources to acquire/transport equipment at a critical moment in the establishment of the Republican regime. The privileged sources of this research include documents from the collection of the Center of Memory of the Higher Institute of Education of Rio de Janeiro, not trated historiographically, which revealed the participation of Benjamin Constant and the use of the governmental structure for the establishment of the offices, the need to purchase material, the teachers’ discussions regarding the lack of offices, and indications on the method used in the teaching of normalists. This research shows that Minister Benjamin Constant’s membership in the school and the governmental goal of civilizing through science education were the main causes for the commitment of the Provisional Government in establishing the offices in the Normal School of the Federal Capital. Keywords: History of Education; Normal School of the Federal Capital; Establishment of the Offices of Physics and Chemistry; Benjamin Constant; Republican Scientism.
In silico Meta-Analysis of Circulatory microRNAs in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Anshika N. Singh  , Neeti Sharma  
Published: May 2017

Circulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a new class of non coding RNA molecules which regulate many crucial molecular and biological processes. We have aimed to shed light on the roles of circulatory miRNAs in Prostate Cancer (PCa) using an integrative in silico bioinformatics approach. We have described a new protocol for target prediction and functional analysis which was applied to 40 highly differentially dysregulatedcirculatory miRNAs in PCa. This framework comprises: (i) evidence of involvement of these circulatory miRNAs from previous literature and microarray analysis (ii) overlap of prediction results by target prediction tools, including miRTarBase, miRDB, DIANA- microT 4.0 and TargetScan (combining computational learning, alignment, interaction energy and statistical tests for minimization of false positives), (iii) gene ontology (GO) along with pathway enrichment analysis of the miRNA targets and their pathways and (iv) linking these pathways to oncogenesis and cancer hallmarks. More than 200 target genes and 40 regulatory pathways were retrieved and analysed which was followed by associating their roles with cancer hallmark processes. Wnt signalling, Cell cycle, MAPK signalling, Cadherin signalling, Integrin signalling and Ras pathways were some of the identified regulatory pathways during bioinformatics analysis. These signalling and developmental pathways crosstalk and regulate stem cell renewal thus indicating a definite role of circulatory miRNAs in PCa development. Our study identified miR-181, miR-9, Let-7 family, miR-26b circulatory miRNAs, to be contributing majorly in the oncogenic pathways, thus proposing their role as potential biomarkers in PCa initiation and progression.