bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic and regulatory aspects of the digital ruble in the conditions of the digital economy
Authors: Зумакулова З.А. , Тарчоков Б.А. , Абазов К.А. 
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируются экономические и нормативные аспекты цифрового рубля в условиях цифровой экономики. Отмечается, что цифровой рубль для России является чем-то новым, пока не очень понятным, есть потребность изучать опыт других стран, где подобные трансформации местной валюты уже прошли. Делается вывод, что увеличение электронной коммерции за счет развития цифрового рубля будет интересно всем участникам рыночных отношений. Можно будет совершать платежи быстро и безопасно, пользоваться удобными схемами. Государство сможет осуществлять контроль над проведением платежей и их законностью. Однако существуют и определенные недостатки, которые могут коснуться цифровизации валюты. Потребуется провести ряд исследований, которые покажут, какие правила и способы защиты потребуются для регулирования товарно-денежных обращений и введения в обращения цифровой валюты. Важно не только сделать использование цифрового рубля удобным, но и надежно защитить данные от киберпреступнков и случайного попадания к третьим лицам.
The digital ruble for Russia is something new, not yet very clear, but you can use the experience of other countries where similar transformations of the local currency have already been successful. The increase in e-commerce due to the emergence and development of the digital ruble will be of interest to all participants in market relations. It will be possible to make payments quickly and safely, and use convenient schemes. The state will be able to exercise control over payments and their legality. However, there are also certain disadvantages that may affect the digitalization of currency. Therefore, one must introduce digital currency carefully, thinking not only about the possible risks, but also the benefits. It will be necessary to conduct a series of studies that will show what rules and methods of protection will be required to regulate commodity-money circulation and introduce digital currency into circulation. It is important not only to make the use of the digital ruble convenient, but also to reliably protect data from cybercrime and accidental access to third parties.
Features of economic development of a small town using the toolkit of tourism development
Authors: Токарева О.Б. , Барышникова Н.Б. 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены вопросы формирования стратегии маркетинга малого города как приоритетная экономическая задача с разработкой развития и внедрения туризма. Составлен СВОТ-анализ, где расписан потенциал индустрии туризма города Михайловки Волгоградской области. Описаны главные и второстепенные проблемы в данной отрасли. Подготовлена программа туристического маркетинга для города и сформулированы выводы о мероприятиях, которые необходимы для привлечения инвестиций и социально-экономического развития малого города.
The article deals with the issues of formation of marketing strategy of a small town as a priority economic task with the development for the development and implementation of tourism. The SWOT-analysis is made, where the potential of tourism industry of Mikhailovka city of Volgograd region is described. The main and secondary problems in this industry are described.The tourism marketing program for the city was prepared and conclusions were formulated on the activities that are necessary to attract investments and socio-economic development of the small city.
Training in self-defense techniques at the initial stage of physical training of students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Тхазеплов Р.Л. 
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируются особенности обучения приемам самообороны на первоначальном этапе физической подготовки слушателей образовательных организаций МВД России. Отмечается, что физическая подготовка сотрудников включает в себя общие физические упреждения, боевые приемы, психологические испытания и огневую подготовку. Сотрудник должен не только знать приемы самообороны и уметь применять их на практике, но и грамотно использовать табельное оружие, при необходимости применять и подручные средства, которые могут помочь обезвредить преступника и защитить себя и окружающих от его действий. Большинство приемов самообороны взято из различных боевых искусств, в основном восточных. Для правоохранительных органов учитывается специфика деятельности, поэтому идет подбор наиболее эффективных и оптимальных приемов и ударов, которые могут использовать сотрудники внутренних дел для выполнения поставленных перед ними задач. Самозащита включает действия, способные пресечь противоправные посягательства не только на самого полицейского, но и на охраняемые государством объекты. Средства и методы самозащиты не так важны, как попытка избежать боя, если такая возможность есть. При возникновении реальной опасности важно подготовить пути отхода, попытаться предупредить ситуацию, используя психологическое давление на преступника.
The article analyzes the features of teaching self-defense techniques at the initial stage of physical training of students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. It is noted that the physical training of employees includes general physical anticipations, combat techniques, psychological tests and fire training. An employee should not only know self-defense techniques and be able to apply them in practice, but also competently use service weapons, if necessary, use improvised means that can help neutralize the criminal and protect himself and others from his actions. Most of the self-defense techniques are taken from various martial arts, mostly oriental. For law enforcement agencies, the specifics of their activities are taken into account, therefore, the selection of the most effective and optimal techniques and strikes that can be used by internal affairs officers to fulfill their tasks is underway. Self-defense includes actions capable of suppressing unlawful attacks not only on the policeman himself, but also on state-protected objects. The means and methods of self-defense are not as important as trying to avoid a fight, if there is such an opportunity. If there is a real danger, it is important to prepare escape routes, try to prevent the situation using psychological pressure on the offender.
KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT GHÉP XƯƠNG LIÊN THÂN ĐỐT TRƯỢT ĐỐT SỐNG BẢN LỀ THẮT LƯNG CÙNG
Authors: Đỗ Mạnh Hùng , Vũ Văn Cường 
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đánh giá kết quả phẫu thuật ghép xương liên thân đốt trượt đốt sống bản lề thắt lưng cùng. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu trên 73 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật ghép xương liên thân đốt do trượt đốt sống bản lề thắt lưng cùng từ 6/2021 đến 6/2022 tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Việt Đức. Kết quả: Có 73 bệnh nhân trong nhóm nghiên cứu của chúng tôi, tỉ lệ nam/ nữ là 1/2 (nam: 32,9%, nữ 67,1%). Bệnh nhân độ tuổi 50-59 tuổi chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất 27,4%. Điểm VAS lưng, chân giảm trung bình từ 6,11và 4,55 xuống 2,81 và 1,61 khi ra viện. Mức độ nắn chỉnh có 56 BN (76,7%) nắn về trượt độ 0, không có trường hợp nào còn trượt độ III sau mổ. 100% số lượng vít được đặt đúng tiêu chuẩn theo Lonstein. Vị trí của miếng ghép được đặt đúng (2/3 trước thân đốt sống) chiếm 97,3%; không có trường hợp nào bị di lệch. Sau 6th VAS lưng cải thiện đáng kể P< 0,05. Có 78,7% bệnh nhân liền xương độ 2 sau mổ 6 tháng. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật ghép xương liên thân đốt là biện pháp điều trị hiệu quả trượt đốt sống bản lề thắt lưng cùng, giúp bệnh nhân giảm đau, tỉ lệ liền xương tốt và ít nguy cơ biến chứng.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM KHỐI U TRONG PHẪU THUẬT NỘI SOI NGỰC BÓC U CƠ THỰC QUẢN LÀNH TÍNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y HÀ NỘI
Authors: Nguyễn Hoàng , Lê Công Lý Hùng 
Published: October 2024

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Mô tả đặc điểm khối u cơ thực quản lành tính trong phẫu thuật nội soi ngực bóc u tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu các bệnh nhân (BN) được chẩn đoán u cơ lành tính thực quản được điều trị tại khoa Ngoại Tổng hợp bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội từ tháng 01/2016 đến 12/2022. Kết quả và bàn luận: Nghiên cứu 31 bệnh nhân u cơ thực quản lành tính (UCTQLT) bằng phẫu thuật nội soi (PTNS) bóc u với tỉ lệ nam chiếm 51,6% và nữ chiếm 48.4%, với kích thước trung bình khối u là 32.32 ± 9.76 mm. Khối u ở vị trí thực quản ngực 1/3 trên có 3 BN chiếm 9.7%, khối u ở vị trí thực quản 1/3 giữa có 20 BN chiếm 64.5%, khối u thực quản ngực ở vị trí 1/3 dưới có 8 BN chiếm 25.8%. Phần lớn hình ảnh khối u là tổn thương giảm âm và đồng nhất chiếm 93.5%. Hầu hết các trượng hợp có kích thước khối u từ 2-5cm (93.6%), chỉ có 2 trường hợp có kích thước khối u trên 5cm (6.4%). Trên siêu âm nội soi khối u có hình ảnh giảm âm (90.3%) và đồng nhất (93.6). Tất cả bệnh nhân đều được phẫu thuật nội soi qua đường ngực phải. Không có trường hợp nào có tổn thương niêm mạc thực quản trong mổ, không có tai biến, biến chứng trong và sau mổ. Kết luận: Khối u cơ thực quản là những khối u có hình ảnh giảm âm và đồng nhất trên siêu âm nội soi, các khối u hầu hết có kích thược trung bình. Phẫu thuật nội soi ngực bóc u cơ thực quản lành tính có thể thực hiện an toàn với cả những khối u có kích thước lớn trên 5cm
Programa Ensino Médio Inovador: uma análise dos impactos para a inovação curricular
Authors: Ramos Claudia Alves Moreira , Lopes Betania Jacob Stange , Keller-Franco Elize 
Published: October 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os impactos do Programa Ensino Médio Inovador (ProEMI) para a indução de mudanças curriculares a partir do aporte teórico-analítico do ciclo de políticas de Stephen Ball considerando os contextos de influência e da produção de texto. A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa utilizou como instrumento a análise de documentos oficiais do ProEMI. Os resultados indicam que o ProEMI tem potencial para a indução de mudanças curriculares, constituindo-se em política com significância no cenário educacional nacional, reunindo no seu contexto de influência movimentos, políticas e programas voltados para a melhoria e inovação no ensino médio, bem como, contemplando no contexto da produção do texto um discurso que guarda afinidade com os princípios da Integração Curricular e das Teorias Curriculares Críticas, no entanto, não se pode desconsiderar o deslizamento e a hibridização dessas teorias mediante a matização de linhas distintas e das relações de poder.
Applicability and effectiveness of structural measures for subsidence (risk) reduction in urban areas
Authors: Nappo Nicoletta , Korff Mandy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Managing subsidence and its impacts on cities in coastal and delta areas is a global challenge that requires comprehensive risk reduction policies, including both mitigation and prevention strategies. Urban areas often lack systematic methodologies for determining appropriate countermeasures. This paper proposes a twofold strategy for selecting subsidence reduction measures in urban areas – which refer to structural (i.e., technical) measures to prevent and mitigate subsidence and its physical consequences - based on their applicability and performance. The Question-and-Response (Q&amp;R) system serves as a decision tree to identify suitable subsidence countermeasures based on their applicability to specific cases. Four indicators of effectiveness – i.e., reduction potential, operational reliability, negative impact and service life – are then used to assess the performance of subsidence reduction measures. The proposed procedure was applied to 49 cases derived from a review of 52 scientific publications and additional expert sessions and surveys involving five academic scholars and 13 experts. Also, the method was applied to examples from Shanghai (China), Jakarta (Indonesia) and San Joaquin Valley (USA, California). The strategies proposed in this paper proved suitable for an initial screening of subsidence reduction measures applicable in different urban areas, after which a site-specific assessment can follow. Furthermore, this study shows the need to collect and share experiences in evaluating the performance of subsidence reduction measures more systematically, and gives a first framework to do so.
Lipid metabolism parameters and alcohol consumption among men in Arkhangelsk, Russia: The Know Your Heart study
Authors: Guseinova U. G. , Mitkin N. A. , Solovieva N. V. , Soloviev A. G. , Mirolyubova O. A. , Malyutina S. K. , Kudryavtsev A. V. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. To assess the association between levels of alcohol consumption and lipid metabolism parameters among adult men.Materials and methods. The study included 881 men aged 35–69 from the general population of Arkhangelsk, who participated in the 2015–17 Know Your Heart study, and 161 men who received inpatient treatment for alcohol-related diagnoses (narcology patients). Participants were divided into five levels of alcohol consumption: non-drinkers, non-problem (infrequent moderate consumption), hazardous (frequent consumption in doses hazardous to health), harmful (prenosological), and narcology patients. Using multivariate linear regressions, we analyzed differences between these groups in atherogenic lipid fractions (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], apolipoprotein B [ApoB], remnant cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol, lipoprotein(a)) (Lp(a)), antiatherogenic lipid fractions (high-density lipoprotein [HDL], apolipoprotein A1 [апо A1]), and in ApoB/апо A1 ratio.Results. Compared with non-problem drinkers, hazardous drinkers had higher mean levels of HDL by 0.22 mmol/L, HDL by 0.07 mmol/L, and ApoB by 0.04 g/L. Among harmful drinkers, mean HDL was higher by 0.15 mmol/L and апо A1 by 0.08 g/L, but the ApoB/апо A1 ratio was lower by 0.06. Among narcology patients, mean TC levels were lower by 0.42 mmol/L, LDL by 0.41 mmol/L, ApoB by 0.09 g/L, ApoB/апо A1 by 0.08, and non-HDL by 0.45 mmol/L, but TG was higher by 0.15 mmol/L. Lp(a) in this group was higher by 0.29 mg/dl only after adjustment for markers of liver function. Non-drinkers had on average lower levels of TC by 0.29 mmol/L, HDL by 0.11 mmol/L, and апо A1 by 0.08 g/L.Conclusions. Compared with non-problem drinkers, hazardous drinkers had elevated levels of both atherogenic and antiatherogenic lipid fractions, hazardous drinkers had only elevated levels of antiatherogenic fractions, and narcology patients had the lowest levels of atherogenic lipid fractions but elevated TG levels. Therefore, lipid profiles may reflect the level of alcohol consumption, which should be taken into account when assessing cardiovascular risk.
Machine Learning-Driven Assessment and Security Enhancement for Electronic Health Record Systems
Authors: Saraswat Birendra Kumar , Varshney Neeraj , Vashist P C 
Published: October 2024

The digitalized patient-centric system, the Electronic Health Record (EHR), is a platform where comprehensive health information is stored, managed, and accessed electronically. The primary findings of this study aim to secure sensitive patient data and increase overall system resilience by demonstrating that machine learning can evaluate vulnerabilities and improve the security of Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems. This research examines the prospects of incorporating machine learning-driven assessment tools and safety improvements in EHRs to enhance data protection in the healthcare industry. The proposed method utilizes the implementation of machine learning classifiers, specifically the XGBoost and LightGBM models. These classifiers are employed to enhance various aspects of the system, such as data protection and security, within the framework of EHRs. The study emphasizes the efficiency of these machine learning classifiers in ensuring that EHR systems are secure enough to deal with any problem that may occur due to threats posed by external factors or hackers. The findings reveal that the XGBoost model always has outstanding performance, with a near-perfect Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) having an AUC equal to 1.00, indicating close to perfect accuracy in distinguishing positive from negative cases. Similarly, LightGBM has a perfect ROC curve as well. Therefore, its performance would be considered flawless. Consequently, future developments could lead to sophisticated machine learning models besides those that have already been developed. Improving data storage through encryption and building safer communication protocols should also be considered to make these systems withstand new security problems. Thus, this study contributes to the existing literature on applying technology to safeguard vulnerable medical records while fostering a safe and efficient healthcare ecosystem.
Scope of Virtual Reality (VR) Based Disaster Preparedness Training for the Less Literate and Illiterate People
Authors: Tarek Syed Ali 
Published: October 2024

Virtual reality (VR) has evolved over the past decade, and as this evolution continues, scope and significance of using VR in various educational settings are worth exploring. With the availability of low-cost Google Cardboard VR tool and emergence of affordable smartphones, the possibility of creating a participant-centric virtual reality learning environment even in developing countries is not unthinkable. However, there remains a void in the adaptation of the VR based tools in the developing countries. As of today, no initiatives are taken to create a learning setting which would allow less literate and illiterate people to overcome some of the evident curses of illiteracy through planned elevated use of other senses such as vision and sound.To contribute to this identified void, the author conducted two iterations of small-scale fieldwork where VR based technology was used alongside the author’s existing ‘Training in a Tab' project. In this project, a tablet device based disaster preparedness training was provided to the technologically disadvantaged, predominantly less literate and illiterate group of people. In 2016, a pilot study was conducted at Uthali Village located in the Manikganj district, Dhaka division, Bangladesh followed by a post-pilot scaling study in 2017, conducted in the Teknaf Subdistrict, Chittagong division, Bangladesh.Findings from the fieldwork suggest VR based system can be compatible with the existing practices and it is possible to use the VR based system to enhance the learning process in a social setting. From a pioneering initiative to integrate VR within a less literate population, this paper contains a brief record of the use of VR in disaster preparedness settings, sets out the rationale for using this in the developing countries, provides an introduction to possible methods that can be used in the fieldwork. The early findings of both studies affirm VR based system’s possibility in stimulating ‘disruptive learning' among the targeted less literate population which can lead towards long-term change in the participants' perspectives on disaster awareness and can make them further interested in learning more about disaster preparedness. Despite the concerns with localised content creation, the findings will be able to guide future researchers who might want to create VR based training for a similar population.
EXPOSIÇÃO OCUPACIONAL AOS MATERIAIS BIOLÓGICOS: RISCOS E PERFIL EPIDEMIOLOGICO DOS EXPOSTO
Authors: Queiroz Cleide Augusta de , Florencio Andressa Bueno , Carvalhães Deise Silva , Delfraro Elton Cesar de Oliveira 
Published: October 2024

A exposições ocupacionais estão relacionados a vários fatores dentre eles: o cargo e as condições laborais. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo “Identificar os riscos e perfil epidemiológicos dos expostos aos acidentes ocupacionais com em serviço especializado”. Trata-se de um estudo documental, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado através da analise em prontuários das vítimas de exposição ocupacional ocorridos no período de janeiro de 2021 a dezembro de 2021 acompanhadas em serviço especializado. Nesse período foram cadastrados 63 novos vítimas de exposição ocupacional, sendo esse a amostra do estudo. Verificou-se que 37 (61,7%) destes, eram profissionais da saúde e 12 (20%) pessoas e profissionais/vítimas não da área da saúde, 10 (16,7%) composto por profissionais coletores de lixo e 4 (6,7%) casos por manicure. 56 (88.8%) dos casos foram causados por objetos perfuro-cortantes. Quanto a situação vacinal, 51 (80.9%) encontrava-se com a situação vacinal completa. Apenas 32 (50,7%) deram continuidade ao seguimento. Conclui que além da falta de atenção da vítima na manipulação do material biológico pode trazer consequências desfavoráveis para saúde da vítima.
A CASE-CONTROL STUDY TO ASSESS THE ASSOCIATION OF ALOPECIA AREATA WITH THYROID DYSFUNCTION AND THYROID AUTOIMMUNITY
Authors: Habib Aamir , Ansari Mohsin Mehmood , Basra Arslan Ahmed , Nazeer Hafsa , Ahmed Asfa , Shaheen Sohail 
Published: October 2024

Background: Several previous studies have suggested a positive association between Alopecia Areata and thyroid disorders. However, there is a paucity of such studies in our country. Our study aimed to know the frequency of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoimmunity in patients reporting to Dermatology Outdoors with Alopecia Areata (AA) and to compare it with normal controls. Methods: This was a Case-Control study conducted at the Dermatology outpatient of a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. 102 patients with AA and 102 age and sex-matched controls were enrolled. The age of onset of the disease, the involved sites and the presence of other associated diseases were noted. Venous blood samples were taken from patients and controls for Thyroid function tests and Anti- Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (Anti-TPO Ab). The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: The mean age of onset of the disease was 30.37±12.53. 91.2% of patients had the classic patch type of AA. The most commonly involved site was Scalp. Associated diseases were found in eight (7.8%) patients. Thyroid dysfunction was found in two patients and none of the Controls. Both the patients had Subclinical thyroid disease. The p-value was 0.157, which was not statistically significant. Thyroid autoimmunity (raised Anti-TPO Ab titre) was detected in five (4.90%) patients and none of the Controls. The p-value was 0.024, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: AA is significantly associated with Thyroid autoimmunity but there is no significant association between AA and clinical or subclinical thyroid disease.
Propuesta psicoeducativa para fortalecer la crianza en padres con niños con trastornos autista TEA
Authors: Delgado-Mendoza Kenia Michelle , Antón-Vera Gustavo Enrique 
Published: October 2024

El rol de los padres como responsable de la crianza de los hijos es muy importante, pues a través de esta se formarán niños con educación y valores, sin embargo, cuando se trata de la crianza de niños con trastorno del espectro autista es un verdadero desafío, ya que las características de este trastorno son la capacidad de relacionarse y comunicarse con los demás, realizar comportamientos repetitivos, entre otras, lo cual hace que su crianza sea un reto para los padres, teniendo que aplicar estrategias diferentes a las que usan con un niño sano. El objetivo de la presente investigación es diseñar una propuesta psicoeducativa para el fortalecimiento de crianza en padres de niños con trastorno espectro autista en la parroquia Simón Bolívar, Portoviejo. Los resultados de la aplicación de la entrevista evidenciaron que la mayoría de padres asume el estilo de crianza autoritativo o democrático, el cual favorece la crianza de los niños con el trastorno ya que se establecen normas y reglas, pero también se mantiene una comunicación eficaz con los niños, por otro lado, una minoría se clasifico como permisivo porque a pesar que ponen reglar y normas no se preocupan porque sean cumplidas. Como conclusión se determinó la importancia que tiene que los padres puedan contar con asesoramiento y capacitación constante por parte de expertos en el trastorno espectro autista contribuyendo a que puedan mejorar la crianza de sus hijos.