bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Mg/Si on the Exoplanetary Refractory Oxygen Budget
Authors: Unterborn Cayman T. , Panero Wendy R. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Solar photospheric abundances of refractory elements mirror the Earth’s to within ∼10 mol% when normalized to the dominant terrestrial-planet-forming elements Mg, Si, and Fe. This allows for the adoption of solar composition as an order-of-magnitude proxy for Earth’s. It is not known, however, the degree to which this mirroring of stellar and terrestrial planet abundances holds true for other star–planet systems without determination of the composition of initial planetesimals via condensation sequence calculations and post condensation processes. We present the open-source Arbitrary Composition Condensation Sequence calculator (ArCCoS) to assess how the elemental composition of a parent star affects that of the planet-building material, including the extent of oxidation within the planetesimals. We demonstrate the utility of ArCCoS by showing how variations in the abundance of the stellar refractory elements Mg and Si affect the condensation of oxygen, a controlling factor in the relative proportions of planetary core and silicate mantle material. This thereby removes significant degeneracy in the interpretation of the structures of exoplanets, as well as provides observational tests for the validity of this model.
Successive Homologous Coronal Mass Ejections Driven by Shearing and Converging Motions in Solar Active Region NOAA 12371
Authors: Vemareddy P. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We study the magnetic field evolution in AR 12371, related to its successive eruptive nature. During the disk transit of seven days, the active region (AR) launched four sequential fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which are associated with long duration M-class flares. Morphological study delineates a pre-eruptive coronal sigmoid structure above the polarity inversion line (PIL) similar to Moore et al.’s study. The velocity field derived from tracked magnetograms indicates persistent shear and converging motions of polarity regions about the PIL. While these shear motions continue, the crossed arms of two sigmoid elbows are being brought to interaction by converging motions at the middle of the PIL, initiating the tether-cutting reconnection of field lines and the onset of the CME explosion. The successive CMEs are explained by a cyclic process of magnetic energy storage and release referred to as “sigmoid-to-arcade-to-sigmoid” transformation driven by photospheric flux motions. Furthermore, the continued shear motions inject helicity flux with a dominant negative sign, which contributes to core field twist and its energy by building a twisted flux rope (FR). After a limiting value, the excess coronal helicity is expelled by bodily ejection of the FR, which is initiated by some instability as realized by intermittent CMEs. This AR is in contrast with the confined AR 12192 with a predominant negative sign and larger helicity flux, but much weaker (−0.02 turns) normalized coronal helicity content. While predominant signed helicity flux is a requirement for CME eruption, our study suggests that the magnetic flux normalized helicity flux is a necessary condition accommodating the role of background flux and appeals to a further study of a large sample of ARs.
GRAVITY Spectro-interferometric Study of the Massive Multiple Stellar System HD 93206 A
Authors: Sanchez-Bermudez J. , Alberdi A. , Barbá R. , Bestenlehner J. M. , Cantalloube F. , Brandner W. , Henning Th. , Hummel C. A. , Maíz Apellániz J. , Pott J.-U. , Schödel R. , van Boekel R. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Characterization of the dynamics of massive star systems and the astrophysical properties of the interacting components are a prerequisite for understanding their formation and evolution. Optical interferometry at milliarcsecond resolution is a key observing technique for resolving high-mass multiple compact systems. Here, we report on Very Large Telescope Interferometer/GRAVITY, Magellan/Folded-port InfraRed Echellette, and MPG2.2 m/FEROS observations of the late-O/early-B type system HD 93206 A, which is a member of the massive cluster Collinder 228 in the Carina nebula complex. With a total mass of about

, it is one of the most compact massive quadruple systems known. In addition to measuring the separation and position angle of the outer binary Aa–Ac, we observe Brγ and He i variability in phase with the orbital motion of the two inner binaries. From the differential phase (

) analysis, we conclude that the Brγ emission arises from the interaction regions within the components of the individual binaries, which is consistent with previous models for the X-ray emission of the system based on wind–wind interaction. With an average 3σ deviation of

, we establish an upper limit of p ∼ 0.157 mas (0.35 au) for the size of the Brγ line-emitting region. Future interferometric observations with GRAVITY using the 8 m Unit Telescopes will allow us to constrain the line-emitting regions down to angular sizes of 20 μas (0.05 au at the distance of the Carina nebula).
A Novel Method to Automatically Detect and Measure the Ages of Star Clusters in Nearby Galaxies: Application to the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Bitsakis T. , Bonfini P. , González-Lópezlira R. A. , Ramírez-Siordia V. H. , Bruzual G. , Charlot S. , Maravelias G. , Zaritsky D. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present our new, fully automated method to detect and measure the ages of star clusters in nearby galaxies, where individual stars can be resolved. The method relies purely on statistical analysis of observations and Monte-Carlo simulations to define stellar overdensities in the data. It decontaminates the cluster color–magnitude diagrams and, using a revised version of the Bayesian isochrone fitting code of Ramírez-Siordia et al., estimates the ages of the clusters. Comparisons of our estimates with those from other surveys show the superiority of our method to extract and measure the ages of star clusters, even in the most crowded fields. An application of our method is shown for the high-resolution, multiband imaging of the Large Magellanic Cloud. We detect 4850 clusters in the 7 deg2 we surveyed, 3451 of which have not been reported before. Our findings suggest multiple epochs of star cluster formation, with the most probable occurring ∼310 Myr ago. Several of these events are consistent with the epochs of the interactions among the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, and the Galaxy, as predicted by N-body numerical simulations. Finally, the spatially resolved star cluster formation history may suggest an inside-out cluster formation scenario throughout the LMC, for the past 1 Gyr.
Processo Psicossocial de Apropriação pelos Frequentadores da Praça Henrique Lage em Imbituba - SC
Authors: Jerônimo Rosa Nadir , Pittigliani Carolina De Souza , Reichow Jeverson Rogério Costa 
Published: August 2017

Esta pesquisa empírica de abordagem qualitativa teve como objetivo compreender o processo de apropriação do espaço dos frequentadores da Praça Henrique Lage, em Imbituba – SC. A amostra foi composta por seis frequentadores na faixa etária de 12 a 22 anos de ambos os sexos. Como específicos buscou-se identificar o simbolismo, estética, cognição, relações sociais e afetivas dos frequentadores; identificar a relação entre o bem-estar do frequentador da praça com conceitos da Psicologia Ambiental; examinar a infraestrutura (aspectos físicos) da praça que interfere na qualidade de vida dos cidadãos e obter opiniões dos frequentadores para melhoria do local. Os resultados foram apresentados pela análise do conteúdo trazido nas narrativas. Conclui-se que a pesquisa evidenciou o sentimento dos indivíduos e de como a praça influencia nas relações sociais e bem-estar dessas pessoas, sendo ponto de encontro e de interação, de tranquilidade e lazer.
Using simplified geometric models in skill-based manipulation for objects used in daily life
Authors: Nakamura Akira , Nagata Kazuyuki , Harada Kensuke , Yamanobe Natsuki 
Published: August 2017

Recently many types of robots have been playing an active part in various fields. The operation of these robots’ manipulators is an important subject of research. The tasks of manipulation can be regarded as sequences of several motion primitives called “skills”. Skills also have ability to compensate for errors both in modeling and in execution. Data may occur in the elements of the shapes, positions and orientations of objects that can be dispensed with to make geometric models simpler. In order to achieve tasks with high reliability, this paper proposes simplified geometric models based on skill techniques not only for industrial products but also for objects used in the daily life of humans. As examples of simplified geometric models of objects used in daily life, simplified models in a transfer task of plastic bottles and in a transfer task of a cup are explained.
Benchmarking quality for renal cancer surgery: Canadian Kidney Cancer information system (CKCis) perspective
Authors: Lawson Keith A. , Saarela Olli , Liu Zhihui , Lavallée Luke T. , Breau Rodney H. , Wood Lori , Jewett Michael A.S. , Kapoor Anil , Tanguay Simon , Moore Ronald B. , Rendon Ricardo , Pouliot Frederic , Black Peter C. , Kawakami Jun , Drachenberg Darrel , Finelli Antonio 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: There is a lack of validated quality metrics to evaluate the care of patients receiving surgery for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). To address this, the Kidney Cancer Research Network of Canada defined a list of quality indicators (QI) to assess hospital-level performance. We have case-mix adjusted these QIs to benchmark RCC surgical care at Canadian academic centres.Methods: The Canadian Kidney Cancer information system (CKCis) was used to measure six QIs: laparoscopic approach proportion (LA), partial nephrectomy proportion (PN), partial nephrectomy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKDPN), positive margin rate (PMR), partial nephrectomy complication rate (PNCx), and warm ischemia time (WIT). To benchmark performance, indirectstandardization (observed-to-expected ratio) methodology was employed using multivariate regression models.Results: Multivariate models for LA, PN, and CKDPN demonstrate good discrimination and were used for benchmarking. National averages of 74% (70‒78%), 73% (70‒75%), and 70% (67‒74%) for the LA, PN, and CKDPN QIs, respectively, were determined and used to benchmark individual hospital performance. Overall, three (23%), two (15%), and two (15%) hospitals performed below expected for LA, PN, and CKDPN, respectively. Hospital identity was an independent predictor of LA, PN, and CKDPN (p<0.001).Conclusions: Significant variability between CKCis hospitals for three RCC surgical QIs exists. Using the CKCis infrastructure may provide a framework for institution-level audit feedback for quality improvement. Greater CKCis capture rates and further data supporting the construct validity of these QIs are required to extend the use of this dataset to real-world quality initiatives.
Læring om normering. Erfaringer fra et språkhistorie-didaktisk eksperiment i lærerutdanninga
Authors: Hårstad Stian 
Published: August 2017

I denne artikkelen beskrives utprøvinga av et didaktisk opplegg i grunnskolelærerutdanningas norskfag som har språkhistorie som overordnet tema. Målet med metodikken som legges fram, er å gi innsikt i språknormering som sosiokulturell prosess for på denne måten å utvikle en forståelse av hvordan språkhistorie har blitt og fortsatt blir skapt. Artikkelen drøfter hvordan en slik tilnærming kan gi deltakerne økt historisk bevissthet om språklige fenomener. Samtidig presenteres kunnskap om hvilke normeringsprinsipper de involverte lærerstudentene intuitivt ser som de mest “naturlige” og “hensiktsmessige” i en språkplanleggingskontekst. Et hovedfunn er at det store flertallet løfter fram et “demokrati- eller jamlikhetsprinsipp” og et “ortofoniprinsipp” som de mest tungtveiende. Artikkelen kommer dessuten med forslag til hvordan det språkhistorie-didaktiske feltet kan utforskes videre. Nøkkelord: språkhistorie-didaktikk, språkdidaktikk, språkhistorie, normeringshistorie, historiebevissthetAbstract This article presents a didactic experiment in the subject Norwegian as L1 in the primary and lower secondary teacher education programmes [Grunnskolelærerutdanninga]. The objective of the proposed method is to give insight into language normalization as a sociocultural process and thereby develop an understanding of how language history has been and still is being shaped. The paper discusses how this approach may provide the participants with an increased language historical consciousness. Moreover, the article presents findings about which normalization principles the student teachers intuitively regard as the most “natural” and “appropriate” in a language-planning context. A main finding is that the great majority designates a “democracy and equality principle” along with an “orthographic principle” as the two most substantial ones. Additionally, the article suggests how the field of language history didactics might be explored further.Keywords: language history didactics, language didactics, history of language, normalization history, historical consciousness
Migrantnarrativer som interkulturell døråpner? En pilotanalyse av læreverktekster i fransk, italiensk og spansk
Authors: Gjesdal Anje Müller , Skalle Camilla , Eide Liv 
Published: August 2017

Artikkelen tar opp fremmedspråkenes formidling av interkulturell kompetanse, og hvordan denne er knyttet til skolens samlede danningsprosjekt. Artikkel-forfatterne diskuterer hvordan migrantnarrativer kan brukes som inngangs-portal til utviklingen av interkulturell kompetanse, og hvordan disse narrativ-ene, gjennom å presentere det pedagogen Gerhard Neuner kaller universelle sosiokulturelle erfaringer, er egnet som materiale for perspektivforflytning og evnen til å se “den andre”, som er sentrale begrep innenfor det interkulturelle undervisningsparadigmet. Tidligere forskning har vist at fremmedspråkenes læremidler i begrenset grad benytter seg av det potensialet som ligger i arbeidet med interkulturell kompetanse knyttet til språkområdene. Artikkelforfatterne har derfor foretatt analyser av læreverktekster i fransk, spansk og italiensk, valgt ut på grunnlag av forståelsen av migrantnarrativer som særlig egnet for å jobbe med denne typen kompetanse. De undersøkte tekstene representerer ulike sider ved migrant¬narrativer (estetisk, kulturelt og historisk), men krever en grad av kontekstuali¬sering for å kunne fungere som døråpnere for interkulturell kompetanse.Nøkkelord: interkulturell kompetanse, universelle sosiokulturelle erfaringer, fremmedspråkundervisning, migrantnarrativerAbstractThis article discusses the mediation of intercultural competence in foreign language teaching, and how it is connected to the school’s overall education project (‘danning’, ‘bildung’). We argue that migrant narratives are useful as a tool for developing intercultural competence, and examine how these narratives, by presenting what Gerhard Neuner terms universal sociocultural experiences, may contribute to new and revised perspectives, as well as a deeper under¬standing of ‘the other’, which are key terms in the intercultural pedagogy para¬digm.Previous research has shown that textbooks only to a limited extent apply the potential for working with intercultural competence in foreign language teaching. The article presents visual and textual analyses of texts presenting migrant narratives in textbooks of French, Italian and Spanish, that are currently used in the Norwegian education system. The analyzed texts demon-strate different aspects of migrant narratives (aesthetic, cultural and historical), but require contextualization in order to contribute to the development of inter¬cultural competence.Keywords: intercultural competence, universal sociocultural experiences, foreign language teaching, migrant narratives
Single-Laboratory Validation of the Neogen Qualitative Lateral Flow Immunoassay for the Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in Mussels and Oysters
Authors: Turnbull Alison R , Tan Jessica Y C , Ugalde Sarah C , Hallegraeff Gustaaf M , Campbell Katrina , Harwood D Tim , Dorantes-Aranda Juan José 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Detection of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in bivalve shellfish by analytical methods is complicated and costly, requiring specific expertise and equipment. Following extensive blooms of Alexandrium tamarense Group 1 in Tasmania, Australia, an investigation was made into commercially available screening test kits suitable for use with the toxin profiles found in affected bivalves. The qualitative Neogen rapid test kit, with a modified protocol to convert gonyautoxins GTX1&4 and GTX2&3 into neosaxitoxin and saxitoxin (STX), respectively, with higher cross-reactivities, was the best fit-for-purpose. This validation study of the test kit and the modified protocol was undertaken following AOAC INTERNATIONAL guidelines for the validation of qualitative binary chemistry methods. The validation used four different PST profiles representing natural profiles found in Australia and in Europe: two in a mussel matrix and two in an oyster matrix. The test kit was shown to have appropriate selectivity of the toxin analogs commonly found in bivalve shellfish. The matrix and probability of detection (POD) study showed that the rapid test kit used with the modified protocol was able to consistently detect PST at the bivalve regulatory level of 0.8 mg STX⋅2HCl eq/kg, with a POD estimated via the binomial logistic regression of 1.0 at 0.8 mg STX⋅2HCl eq/kg in all tested profiles in both matrixes. The POD at 0.4 mg STX⋅2HCl eq/kg was 0.75 and 0.46 for the two toxin profiles in an oyster matrix and 0.96 and 1.0 for the two toxin profiles in a mussel matrix. No significant differences in the PODs of the PSTs at the regulatory level were found between production lots of the test kits. The results suggest the method is suitable to undergo a collaborative validation study.
Baseline Assessment of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Reference Material and Proficiency Testing/External Quality Assurance Material Commutability: A Vitamin D Standardization Program Study
Authors: Phinney Karen W , Sempos Christopher T , Tai Susan S-C , Camara Johanna E , Wise Stephen A , Eckfeldt John H , Hoofnagle Andrew N , Carter Graham D , Jones Julia , Myers Gary L , Durazo-Arvizu Ramon , Miller W Greg , Bachmann Lorin M , Young Ian S , Pettit Juanita , Caldwell Grahame , Liu Andrew , Brooks Stephen P J , Sarafin Kurtis , Thamm Michael , Mensink Gert B M , Busch Markus , Rabenberg Martina , Cashman Kevin D , Kiely Mairead , Galvin Karen , Zhang Joy Y , Kinsella Michael , Oh Kyungwon , Lee Sun-Wha , Jung Chae L , Cox Lorna , Goldberg Gail , Guberg Kate , Meadows Sarah , Prentice Ann 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) coordinated a study in 2012 to assess the commutability of reference materials and proficiency testing/external quality assurance materials for total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in human serum, the primary indicator of vitamin D status. A set of 50 single-donor serum samples as well as 17 reference and proficiency testing/external quality assessment materials wereanalyzed by participating laboratories that used either immunoassay or LC-MS methods for total 25(OH)D. The commutability test materials included National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material 972a Vitamin D Metabolites in Human Serum as well as materials from the College of AmericanPathologists and the Vitamin D External Quality Assessment Scheme. Study protocols and data analysis procedures were in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The majority of the test materials were found to be commutable with the methods used in this commutability study. These results provide guidance for laboratories needing tochoose appropriate reference materials and select proficiency or external quality assessment programs and will serve as a foundation for additional VDSP studies.
Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA-LEITE) e seus Beneficiários: Uma Análise Multivariada
Authors: Maciel Harine Matos , Khan Ahmad Saeed 
Published: August 2017

<p>O objetivo deste artigo foi caracterizar e agrupar os beneficiários quanto às características estudadas (estados/municípios, sexo, categoria, grupo Pronaf e recursos repassados pelo Governo Federal) para identificar quais são mais relevantes no contexto do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA-Leite). Os dados utilizados foram de origem secundária obtidos no site PAA – Data (SAGI–Secretaria de Avaliação e Gestão da Informação) do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social (MDS) no ano de 2015. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise de agrupamento através do procedimento <em>Two Step Cluster</em>. Os Estados com o maior número de municípios beneficiários são Minas Gerais e Pernambuco. O sexo masculino e os agricultores familiares são predominantes. A análise de agrupamento permitiu que os dados disponíveis dos beneficiários do PAA-Leite fossem agrupados em 5 <em>clusters </em>com base nas características disponíveis desta população (municípios/estados, sexo, categoria, Grupo Pronaf e os Recursos Financeiros (R$) repassados pelo Governo Federal). Através da inferência estatística da significância das variáveis em cada grupo, chegou-se a conclusão de que todas as variáveis qualitativas analisadas (município, categoria, sexo e grupo Pronaf) foram significantes estatisticamente. Em geral, as variáveis mais significantes foram Município e Grupo Pronaf. </p>
Empirical relations to estimate underwater PAR attenuation in San Quintín Bay using Secchi depth and horizontal sighting range
Authors: Montes-Hugo MA , Álvarez-Borrego S 
Published: August 2017

Empirical relationships to estimate vertical attenuation coefficient of photosynthetically available radiation (KPAR) using Secchi disk, vertical black disk, and horizontal sighting ranges for San Quintín Bay, Baja California, were developed. Radiometric PAR profiles were used to calculate KPAR. Vertical (ZD) and horizontal (HS) sighting ranges were measured with white (Secchi depth or ZSD, HSW) and black (ZBD, HSB) targets. The empirical power models KPAR = 1.48 ZSD–1.16, KPAR = 0.87 ZBD–1.52, KPAR = 0.54 HSW–0.65 and KPAR = 0.53 HSB–0.92 were developed for the corresponding relationships. The parameters of these models are not significantly different from those of models developed for Punta Banda Estuary, another Baja California lagoon, with the exception of the one for the KPAR-HSW relationship. Also, parameters of the KPAR-ZSD model for San Quintín Bay and Punta Banda Estuary are not significantly different from those developed for coastal waters near Santa Barbara, California. A set of general models is proposed that may apply to coastal water bodies of northwestern Baja California and southern California (KPAR = 1.45 ZSD –1.10, KPAR = 0.92 ZBD–1.45, and KPAR = 0.70 HSB –1.10). While this approach may be universal, more data are needed to explore the variability of the parameters between different water bodies.