bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meditation awareness training for the treatment of workaholism: A controlled trial
Authors: Van Gordon William , Shonin Edo , Dunn Thomas J. , Garcia-Campayo Javier , Demarzo Marcelo M. P. , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: April 2017

Background and aimsWorkaholism is a form of behavioral addiction that can lead to reduced life and job satisfaction, anxiety, depression, burnout, work–family conflict, and impaired productivity. Given the number of people affected, there is a need for more targeted workaholism treatments. Findings from previous case studies successfully utilizing second-generation mindfulness-based interventions (SG-MBIs) for treating behavioral addiction suggest that SG-MBIs may be suitable for treating workaholism. This study conducted a controlled trial to investigate the effects of an SG-MBI known as meditation awareness training (MAT) on workaholism.MethodsMale and female adults suffering from workaholism (n = 73) were allocated to MAT or a waiting-list control group. Assessments were performed at pre-, post-, and 3-month follow-up phases.ResultsMAT participants demonstrated significant and sustained improvements over control-group participants in workaholism symptomatology, job satisfaction, work engagement, work duration, and psychological distress. Furthermore, compared to the control group, MAT participants demonstrated a significant reduction in hours spent working but without a decline in job performance.Discussion and conclusionsMAT may be a suitable intervention for treating workaholism. Further controlled intervention studies investigating the effects of SG-MBIs on workaholism are warranted.
Kaposi Sarcoma Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS): A Rare but Potentially Treatable Condition
Authors: Karass Michael , Grossniklaus Emily , Seoud Talal , Jain Sanjay , Goldstein Daniel A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS) is a newly-described condition affecting individuals who are HIV-positive and are infected with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). This is a syndrome that in some ways mimics severe sepsis with associated acute respiratory distress syndrome, possibly requiring a ventilator and vasopressor support. However, unlike severe sepsis, antibiotics provide no benefit. Management of KICS has not been fully elucidated because of its high mortality rate. However, the syndrome has been successfully treated in some cases with immunomodulatory therapy. It is crucial for oncologists to be able to recognize this syndrome and to institute the appropriate therapy.
FDA Approval Summary: Atezolizumab for the Treatment of Patients with Progressive Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma after Platinum-Containing Chemotherapy
Authors: Ning Yang-Min , Suzman Daniel , Maher V. Ellen , Zhang Lijun , Tang Shenghui , Ricks Tiffany , Palmby Todd , Fu Wentao , Liu Qi , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Kim Geoffrey , Pazdur Richard 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Until recently in the United States, no products were approved for second-line treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma. On May 18, 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved atezolizumab for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma whose disease progressed during or following platinum-containing chemotherapy or within 12 months of neoadjuvant or adjuvant treatment with platinum-containing chemotherapy. Atezolizumab is a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blocking antibody and represents the first approved product directed against PD-L1. This accelerated approval was based on results of a single-arm trial in 310 patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who had disease progression after prior platinum-containing chemotherapy. Patients received atezolizumab 1,200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Key efficacy measures were objective response rate (ORR), as assessed by Independent Review per RECIST 1.1, and duration of response (DoR). With a median follow-up of 14.4 months, confirmed ORR was 14.8% (95% CI: 11.1, 19.3) in all treated patients. Median DoR was not reached and response durations ranged from 2.1+ to 13.8+ months. Of the 46 responders, 37 patients had an ongoing response for ≥ 6 months. The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were fatigue, decreased appetite, nausea, urinary tract infection, pyrexia, and constipation. Infection and immune-related adverse events also occurred, including pneumonitis, hepatitis, colitis, endocrine disorders, and rashes. Overall, the benefit-risk assessment was favorable to support accelerated approval. The observed clinical benefits need to be verified in confirmatory trial(s).
World Phosphorus Use Efficiency in Cereal Crops
Authors: Dhillon Jagmandeep , Torres Guilherme , Driver Ethan , Figueiredo Bruno , Raun William R. 
Published: April 2017

Core Ideas
A current estimate of global P use efficiency for cereal production is not available.
This study shows that world P use efficiency for cereal crops is low.
Using the difference method, average world P use efficiency from 1961 to 2013 was 16%.
A current estimate of global phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) for cereal production is not available. The objectives of this paper were to estimate PUE for cereal crops grown in the world and to review methods for improvement. Phosphorus use efficiency was determined using world cereal harvested area, total grain production, and P fertilizer consumption from 1961 to 2013, in addition to assumptions established from previous literature. World PUE of cereal crops was calculated using both balance and difference methods. Using the balance method, cereal grain P uptake is divided by the P fertilizer applied. Alternatively, the difference method accounts for P coming from the soil and that is subtracted from applied P. Utilized in this analysis is the estimate that cereal production accounts for 61% of the total harvested cropland. Cereal grain yields increased from 1.35 to 3.90 Mg h−1 between 1961 and 2013. In 1961, the world's fertilizer P consumption was 4,770,182 Mg and increased to 16,662,470 Mg of P fertilizer by 2013. This represents a 3.5× increase in P fertilizer consumption over 53 yr. Phosphorus use efficiency estimated using the balance method was 77%. Using the difference method, PUE for cereal production in the world was estimated to be 16%.
PENGARUH TINGKAT PENDAPATAN DAN KEPUASAN MENERIMA BEASISWA TERHADAP KEBAHAGIAAN PSIKOLOGIS MAHASISWA PROGRAM DUAL MODE SYSTEM DI STAI STAISTAI STAI PATI TAHUN 2013
Authors: Fatah Ahmad 
Published: April 2017

<p><span>Abstract</span></p><p><span>This study aims to determine the effect of the level of income and satisfaction<br /><span>received scholarships to students of the psychological happiness Dual Mode<br /><span>System at the Islamic Institute of Pati in 2013, using a quantitative approach<br /><span>with three variables: the level of income, the satisfaction of receiving a scholarship and psychological happiness. The study population was all students of the <span>Dual Mode System totaling 117 students. Samples authors take 25% of polulasi, <span>as many as 30 students. Analysis of this study using multiple regression with <span>three steps: a preliminary analysis, hypothesis testing and analysis of further <span>analysis. Results of this study was no effect of income level (X1) with psychological happiness (Y) student Dual Mode System in STAI Starch 2013. Thus the <span>first hypothesis which says "There is a significant relationship between the <span>income level of students to students of the psychological happiness Dual Mode <span>system in sTAI Pati "is rejected. There is an effect of satisfaction received <span>scholarships (X2) with psychological happiness (Y) student Dual Mode System <span>in 2013. So STAI Pati second hypothesis ie "There is significant relationship <span>between satisfaction received scholarships to students of the psychological <span>happiness Dual Mode System in STAI Starch" accepted as true. The effect was <span>of 18.3%, and the remaining 81.7% is influenced by other variables that have <span>not been examined by the authors. No effect of income level (X1) and the <span>satisfaction of receiving a scholarship (X2) with psychological happiness (Y) <span>student Dual Mode System in 2013. So STAI Pati third hypothesis that "There <span>is significant relationship between the level of income and satisfaction received a <span>scholarship to happiness psychological student Dual Mode System d sTAI <span>Starch "rejected.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><br /><span><strong>Keywoard:</strong> <em>tingkat pendapatan, kepuasan menerima beasiswa, kebahagiaan</em><br /><em>psikologis</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></p>
SISTEM PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL DAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Muthoifin Muthoifin 
Published: April 2017

<p>Abstract</p><p><span>Thee focus of this research is the pro" le of Ki Hadjar Dewantara, his educational thought based on the <span>perspective of Islamic education review, the research is focused on the aspects of the conception of education <span>issues, including: basic, content and education systems. Th<span>e research method used is the libraries research. By approaching to the history and biography of Ki Hadjar.<br /><span>While the data collection consists of primary and secondary data sources. Techniques of data analysis was <span>using content analysis, descriptive, comparative and inductive. Th<span>e results of the study. 1, the concept of education Ki Hadjar focused on aspects of guidance to children in <span>order to achieve happiness based on the nature of nature. ! is is not consistent with the concept of Islamic<br /><span>education that focused on aspects of worship and Tawheed based on divine revelation. 2, Ki Hadjar’s basic <span>education is the principle Pancadarma, which of the " ve principle is explicitly no principle of divinity, it is <span>contrary to basic Islamic education which is based on al-Quran and al-Sunnah. 3) Ki Hadjar’s education <span>system, good goals, curriculum, methods, teachers, students and the evaluation does not lead and is tied to <span>the value of faith and worship, it is also not in line with the Islamic education system has always associate <span>with both religious values .<br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>Education system, Ki Hadjar Dewantara, Islamic education</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span></span></p>
Validation of dementia coding in hospital admissions, death and primary care data
Authors: Wilkinson Tim , Schnier Christian , Ly Amanda , Sudlow Cathie 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
ObjectivesDementia is a major public health concern worldwide and consequently there is an urgent need to expedite research into its causes so that preventative strategies can be sought. Given that dementia is likely to be the result of a complex interplay of many factors, large study populations are required in order to detect effects reliably. UK Biobank (UKB) is a large, population-based, prospective cohort study of over 503,000 participants aged 40-69 years when recruited between 2006 and 2010. Participant follow up is chiefly via linkage to routinely-collected health datasets such as hospital admissions, death registrations and increasingly, to primary care data. In this pilot study we sought to estimate the accuracy of using these routine data sources to identify dementia outcomes in UKB participants.
ApproachWe created a list of ICD-10 and primary care (Read version 2) dementia codes, with the intention of maximising positive predictive value (PPV) over sensitivity. We identified UKB participants who were recruited in Edinburgh and had at least one dementia code in any of the three data sources. We searched the NHS Lothian electronic medical record (EMR) for each participant and extracted all relevant letters and investigation results. Participants were excluded if no EMR entry for that patient could be found. A neurologist adjudicated on whether dementia was present or not based on the extracted case record, providing the reference standard to which the coded data were compared. The PPV was then calculated for each data source individually and combined. A subgroup analysis was performed on participants who had a dementia code across more than one dataset.
ResultsAmong 17,000 Edinburgh-based participants (median age 57 years at recruitment in 2007/8), hospital and death data were available to 2012 with primary care data for 12,000 to 2013. 46 participants had a dementia code in at least one data source. 44 of these had available EMR data. PPVs for dementia were 41/44 (93%, 95% CI 81-99) overall, 13/15 (87%, 95% CI 60-98) for hospital admissions, 2/2 (100%, 95% CI 16-100) for death registrations, 33/34 (97%, 95% CI 85-100) for primary care, and 7/7 (100%, 95% CI 59-100) for participants with codes in ≥2 datasets.
ConclusionRoutinely-collected health data may be sufficiently accurate to identify dementia outcomes in UK population-based cohorts. We plan to extend this study to longer follow-up times and other regions to increase sample size, investigate dementia subtypes and assess generalisability.
Social and geographical inequalities in school starting age in Australia: a population data linkage study
Authors: Hanly Mark , Falster Kathleen , Craven Rhonda , Jorm Louisa 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
ObjectiveIn Australia’s most populous state, New South Wales (NSW), children must start school in the year they turn five, unless they are born between February-July, in which case they can delay starting until the year they turn six. Consequently, children start their first year of school aged 4.5-6 years. This may translate into a wide range of developmental ability in the classroom in the first year of school and may impact on the magnitude of inequalities in longer-term educational outcomes. To inform how this policy currently translates into the demographic composition of NSW classrooms, this study aims to identify child, family, and area-level characteristics associated with the practice of delaying school entry.
ApproachThe ‘Seeding Success’ study cohort (N=154,936) includes an almost complete population of children who started school in NSW in 2009 or 2012, and were born in NSW, identified by linking the Australian Early Development Census (AEDC) data to perinatal and birth registry data. Restricting this analysis to the 88,716 (57%) children born in February-July, we defined ‘delayed school entry’ as children who were eligible to start school the previous year (i.e. 2008 or 2011), but started in the AEDC data collection years (i.e. 2009 or 2012). Multilevel regression models were used to investigate child, family and area-level characteristics associated with delayed school entry.
ResultsThe prevalence of delayed school entry was 46% in the 2009 AEDC cohort and 47% in the 2012 AEDC cohort. Boys and children born closer to July were more likely to be delayed, as were children of older mothers. Prevalence of delay was similar in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children, however, children of mothers born overseas were less likely to delay school entry compared to Australian-born mothers. Delaying was less common in major cities compared to remote and regional areas, and less common in socio-economically disadvantaged areas.
ConclusionChildren born in February-July who live in socio-economically disadvantaged urban areas are more likely to start school up to a year earlier than their peers, with poorly understood educational consequences. The current policy on school starting age results in an 18-month age range in classrooms, which may be challenging for teachers and confusing for parents who need to make a decision regarding their child’s ‘school readiness’. It is likely that access and affordability of childcare during the study period impacted on parent’s decisions about when to send their children to school.
Establishing data linkage between welfare and health data in the UK: Overcoming barriers to linking government datasets
Authors: Katikireddi S Vittal , Leyland Alastair 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
ObjectivesEmployment and welfare policy have major impacts on population health and health inequalities. We sought to develop a novel data linkage between administrative welfare data (held by the UK Government’s Department for Work and Pensions, DWP) and health records (from the National Health Service, NHS). We describe the challenges we faced establishing this linkage and explain how they have been overcome over five years.
ApproachNational Records Scotland (NRS) is the organisation responsible for statutory demographic data in Scotland, including conducting the decennial census, registering births and deaths. They will act as a Trusted Third Party to facilitate linkage under Scots common law. This work will be supported by the UK’s Administrative Data Research Network. Following a successful pilot, a further project is intended to link data for England and Wales (subject to further applications).
ResultsThe Work & Pensions Longitudinal Study (WPLS) is a person-level longitudinal dataset that links benefit and programme information held by DWP since January 2004 with employment records from Her Majesty’s Revenue & Customs for people who have had a benefit spell. The WPLS allows transitions between different benefits and/or employment statuses to be ascertained, including timing of transitions and salaried income post-employment. However, the WPLS includes very limited health information.
NHS Scotland has exceptional administrative health records, including person-level information on deaths, hospital admissions (including admission/discharge dates, diagnoses, procedures etc.), cancer registrations (including type, stage, treatment) and community prescriptions. A particular strength is the availability of a unique population identifier which facilitates deterministic linkage across health records.
Key issues that needed to be addressed to facilitate the linkage included identification of appropriate research questions that were of high priority to government policymakers, the availability of research infrastructure and reassurances about data security. However, delays in establishing the linkage have been common – particularly as a consequence of the multiple organisations involved and time constraints on public sector staff required to process the linkage.
Research topics to be investigated include improved prediction of health and welfare outcomes, investigating the health impacts of job insecurity and evaluating impacts of welfare reform.
ConclusionEvidence to improve alignment between health and welfare goals will be achieved through linkage of administrative records in this five year research programme. It has been essential to consider how best to achieve public benefit and minimise privacy risks, while ensuring the needs of policymakers are central to the development of the research.
Using record linkage to demonstrate the benefits of maternal influenza immunisation in Western Australia
Authors: Regan Annette , Moore Hannah , De Klerk Nicholas , Shellam Geoffrey , Effler Paul 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesPregnant women are the highest priority for seasonal influenza vaccination. Previous research has found maternal immunisation may not only reduce respiratory infections in mothers and infants, but also prevents adverse birth outcomes. Although the vaccine has been offered to pregnant women under the National Immunisation Program since 2009, no population-based study has yet evaluated its impact on neonatal health in Australia.
ApproachWe established a large retrospective cohort of 58,615 births between 2012 and 2013 in Western Australia using data linkage of state-held maternal vaccination records, birth registrations, hospital inpatient records, and midwives notifications. Cox regression models were used to compare the adjusted relative hazard (HR) of adverse birth outcomes and hospital admission for an acute respiratory illness (ARI) by vaccination status.
ResultsIn total, 5,241 (8.9%) of infants were born to vaccinated mothers. Between 2012 and 2013, there were 23.6 ARI admissions per 1,000 infants <6 months and 2.8 ARI admissions per 1,000 pregnant women. Influenza vaccination was associated with a 51% reduction in stillbirth (aHR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.29-0.84) and a 25% reduction in infant admissions in the first six months of life (aHR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.56-0.99). Most of the reduction in ARI admission in infants was observed when vaccination occurred in the third trimester (aHR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.47-0.95).
ConclusionsOur findings support the neonatal health benefits afforded by maternal influenza immunisation and underscore the importance of offering and promoting influenza vaccination to pregnant women. Considering more than 90% of women who choose to be immunised do so to protect their infant, these results could be used to powerfully promote maternal immunisation.
CHA2DS2-VASc Calculations in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulants in Scotland: an analysis of linked administrative data
Authors: Zeng Wenjie , Mueller Tanja , Godman Brian , Alvarez-Madrazo Samantha , Bennie Marion 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
ObjectivesPatients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have an increased risk of developing stroke, and oral anticoagulants (OACs) are commonly used in stroke prevention. The CHA2DS2-VASc score has been proved to be a simple and effective tool for stroke risk assessment which guides the selection of treatment with OACs. This score is calculated using disease diagnoses; however, a range of different versions exist, making comparability questionable.
The aim of this study was to compare CHA2DS2-VASc scores in OAC treated patients with a hospital-confirmed diagnosis of AF in Scotland using different subsets of ICD-10 codes.
Approach This is a retrospective study, covering AF patients in Scotland who received at least one prescription for any OAC between January 2009 and June 2014. The Prescribing Information System (PIS) was used to identify patients with OAC prescriptions, while the Scottish Morbidity Records (SMR) provided patients’ diagnoses. Different sets of ICD-10 codes, using varying definitions, were used to classify the stroke risk in AF patients in order to account for heterogenous definitions applied in previously published studies. The main differences in codes used were the inclusion or exclusion of unclassified stroke (ICD-10 code I64), and the inclusion of pulmonary embolism (PE) (I26) as either “prior thromboembolic event” or “vascular disease”.
ResultsIn our study, a cohort of 71012 AF patients with OAC prescription were analysed. Using narrow disease definitions, 18.15% of patients were categorised as being at low risk of stroke (score 0-1), 74.80% at medium risk (score 2-5), and 7.04% at high risk (score 6-9). With an extended disease definition, including PE in “prior thromboembolic event”, 14.81% of patients were at low risk (score 0-1), 72.60% at medium risk (score 2-5), and 12.59% at high risk (score 6-9); while including PE in “vascular disease”, 14.99% of the patients had a score 0-1, 73.54% a score 2-5, and 11.48% a score 6-9.
Conclusion The change in score definitions makes a difference mainly in the number of patients categorised as very low risk or high risk. Standardisation in ICD-10 code definition of risk diseases could be useful in order to make the results comparable from different studies and further evaluate OAC choice according to risk group.