bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apakah Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa Sudah Akuntable?
Authors: Putri Annie Mustika , Sari Dian Puji Puspita 
Published: September 2024

The internal control system will be employed as a mediating variable in this study to examine and measure the impact of technological knowledge and equipment competency on the accountability of village finances. In this study, quantitative methodologies are applied. The research sample was village officials in the Kampar Kiri sub-district, totaling 147 respondents consisting of the village's monetary affairs department, the administrative department, the head of planning, and village secretary, the Head of Government, the Head of Welfare and Services, and BPD (Village Consultative Body). To test the hypothesis, SEM-PLS analysis with SmartPLS 4.0 software was utilized in this study. Based on the data analyzed, it is concluded that the internal control framework acts as a mediating factor between the responsibility of village financial management and the usefulness of the apparatuses and information technology use.
CPT2-mediated Fatty Acid Oxidation Is Dispensable for Humoral Immunity
Authors: Li Meilu , Zhou Xian , Li Yanfeng , Zhu Xingxing , Li Yuzhen , Hitosugi Taro , Zeng Hu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
B cell activation is accompanied by dynamic metabolic reprogramming, supported by a multitude of nutrients that include glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids. Although several studies have indicated that fatty acid mitochondrial oxidation is critical for immune cell functions, contradictory findings have been reported. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT2) is a critical enzyme for long-chain fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. In this study, we test the requirement of CPT2 for humoral immunity using a mouse model with a lymphocyte-specific deletion of CPT2. Stable [13C] isotope tracing reveals highly reduced fatty acid–derived citrate production in CPT2-deficient B cells. Yet, CPT2 deficiency has no significant impact on B cell development, B cell activation, germinal center formation, and Ab production upon either thymus-dependent or -independent Ag challenges. Together, our findings indicate that CPT2-mediated fatty acid oxidation is dispensable for humoral immunity, highlighting the metabolic flexibility of lymphocytes.
Association between Dysfunctional Beliefs and Coping Strategy among Persons Suffering from Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Ghosh Prosenjit , Choudhury Saptarshi Paul , Panja Subho 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Substance use seems to be related to the dysfunctional beliefs of an individual. People with dysfunctional beliefs use maladaptive coping methods in stressful situations and can start using substance which might ultimately lead to substance use disorder.

Aims and Objectives:
This study was done to evaluate the various sociodemographic variables and illness parameters in persons with substance use disorder and their association with important subscales of COPE, to find out the association between DAS and COPE and also to assess the dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes in persons with SUD and the coping methods used in terms of stress.

Materials and Methods:
The population of this descriptive and cross-sectional study were 44 patients who were admitted under psychiatry ward and consented to the study. The data were collected using the socio-demographic Information Form, The Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS) and the Coping Assessment Questionnaire (COPE). DAS: It is a forty-item scale. 40-280 is the score range. COPE: It is a questionnaire which has 60 questions distributed over 15 sub-scales.

Statistical Analysis:
“Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSSv22) (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA)” has been used for analyzing the values. For continuous variables standard deviation has been calculated along with the mean. For categorical variables, percentages and Fisher’s Exact have been used.

Results:
Statistically significant differences were found in the average scores of restraint coping, turning to religion, seeking emotional and social support and mental disengagement depending on the different reasons for reusing the substance (P=0.015, 0.041, 0.028, 0.033 respectively). There was a negative correlation of Dysfunctional Coping sub-scale of COPE (focus on and venting of emotions) with varied attitude sub-scale (r= -0.373, P=0.013) of DAS and DAS total (r= -0.307, P=0.043). Varied attitude subscale of DAS was positively correlated with Substance Use of Dysfunctional Coping sub-scale of COPE (r= +0.304, P=0.045) whereas Need for Approval sub-scale of DAS showed negative association (r=-0.451, P=0.002) with regards to one item (Positive Reinterpretation and Growth) of Emotion Focused Coping sub-scale of COPE. Individuals who started using substance between 21-25 years of age scored highest in varied attitude subscale (mean score=92.00) and in autonomous attitude subscale (mean score=34.60) of DAS. When we assessed various problem focused coping strategies using COPE scale, it was found that most of the people (n=37, 84%) scored in the range of 12-16 which was in the planning subscale compared to other subscales of problem focused coping.

Conclusion:
From our study, we can opine that screening of dysfunctional attitude and maladaptive coping in the vulnerable population may help in preventing and reducing substance use and decrease the number of relapses.
Biologics in ocular inflammatory diseases – Experience from a tertiary referral eye care center in South India
Authors: Babu Kalpana , Padmapriya PG , Rao Anand P , Jois Ramesh 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
To analyze the utility of biologics in noninfectious uveitis and other ocular inflammatory diseases in a South Indian patient population.

Methods:
This was a retrospective observational study conducted at the uveitis and ocular inflammatory diseases clinic of a tertiary eye care hospital in South India between 2016 and 2023.

Results:
Records of 76 patients on biologics were retrieved from our databases. The mean age was 34.84 ± 17.383 years. In 75% of patients, the duration of follow-up was 52.75 months. Overall, anterior nongranulomatous uveitis was the most common anatomic type of uveitis (34.21%). HLA B27-associated uveitis was the most common etiology (34.21%) in whom biologics were used. Patients <18 years of age formed 23.7% with a mean age of 10.77 ± 2.75 years. Mean duration of follow-up in patients <18 years of age was 36 months. In this subgroup, panuveitis was the most common anatomic subtype (61.1%) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis was the most common etiology (27.7%). The most commonly used biologic in this study was adalimumab (36.84%). Additional conventional immunomodulators were used along with biologics in 50 patients (65.78%), of which methotrexate was the most common (50%). Adalimumab and rituximab were biosimilars, while tofacitinib was the generic version. There was a significant decrease in the mean number of flareups post-biologics (P = 0.001). Adverse effects were seen in 14 patients (18.42%). The success rate of biologics was low in the parsplanitis group <18 years (33.3%), Blau-associated uveitis (50%), and idiopathic uveitis (30%).

Conclusion:
In this study, we have analyzed the results of biologics in different anatomic types of ocular inflammation and etiologies. The success rate of biologics was low in parsplanitis, idiopathic uveitis, and Blau-associated uveitis and higher in other etiologies.
Comparative Evaluation of Three File Systems for Shaping Curved Canals: An In Vitro Approach
Authors: Siraparapu Karuna R. , Nagamaheshwari X. , Patil Veerendra S. , Amulya Masuna Rukmini , Adsare Sainath , Prakash Karanam Apoorva 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To compare and evaluate the shaping ability of ProTaper Next, TruNatomy, and Flexer heat activation rotary files in simulated curved canals.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-five severely curved simulated canals in resin blocks were prepared to an apical size of 25 using the following systems (n = 15 per group): ProTaper Next, TruNatomy, and Flexer heat activation. Composite images were made from the superimposition of pre- and post-instrumentation images. Parameters evaluated were total resin removal, centering ability, canal transportation (at the apical, curved, and coronal part), and preparation time.

Results:
Canals prepared with TruNatomy were better centered in the apical part than those prepared with PTN and Flexer heat activation. Flexer heat activation removed significantly more resin at the outer aspect of the maximum point of curvature. PTN and TruNatomy caused similar canal transportations. Instrumentation with Flexer heat activation required more time than with the two other instruments.

Conclusion:
Within the limitations of the study, all instruments were safe to use and preserved the original canal shape well. In the apical part of the canals, TruNatomy obtained the best results with regard to canal transportation.

Clinical Significance:
These findings underscore the importance of considering file selection based on specific canal characteristics and treatment objectives to optimize clinical outcomes in endodontic practice.
Effect of Different Pediatric Medications on RMGIC: A Comparative Study
Authors: Qurishi Ahtesham A. , Al Dira Mohammed S. , Sholan Amal H. , Abzoah Shahad E. , Hakami Mahdi A. , Malhan Emad , Moafa Shahad M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
This study investigates the impact of commonly prescribed pediatric medications on resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), which is widely used in pediatric dentistry in India. The interaction between these medications and RMGIC could affect the material’s durability and effectiveness.

Methodology:
Sixty RMGIC specimens were divided into five groups, each exposed to different pediatric medications: antibiotic syrup, antipyretic syrup, vitamin syrup, antitussive syrup, and distilled water (control). Microhardness and surface roughness were measured before and after a 14-day immersion period. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s test.

Results:
All pediatric medications significantly affected RMGIC, with antitussive syrup showing the most substantial impact. Microhardness decreased by up to 18.40%, and surface roughness increased by up to 21.40%. The control group showed no significant changes.

Conclusion:
Pediatric medications, particularly those with acidic properties, compromise the durability of RMGIC. Further research is needed to develop more resistant materials or protective measures.
Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Dengue Fever among Patients in Central India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rathod Siddhi , Ambad Ranjit , Juneja Hemant , Ugemuge Sarita , Bandre Gulshan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Dengue fever is a major public health concern in India, with outbreaks occurring often and seasonally. This study analyzes general patients’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) on dengue disease at a tertiary-care hospital in central India.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 300 general patients using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were computed, encompassing means, frequencies, percentages, and standard deviations.

Results:
Participants generally had positive attitudes towards dengue prevention. Many agreed on the importance of using mosquito repellents, maintaining clean environments, seeking medical help promptly, and supporting community mosquito control initiatives. Sociodemographic factors (age, gender, education level, and location) significantly influenced KAP and treatment adherence.

Conclusions:
This study provides valuable insights into the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics and their KAP regarding dengue fever.
Evaluation of Groundnut Genotypes for Resistance to Early Leaf Spot Disease and Preharvest Aflatoxin Contamination
Authors: Kankam F. , Tengey T.K. , Ndela D.N. 
Published: September 2024

Aflatoxin caused by Aspergillus flavus is a major field to storage contaminant in groundnut seed production, whereas defoliation diseases in groundnut caused by Passalora arachidicola and Nothopassalora personata are two of the most yield-limiting biotic stresses. The present study was to identify groundnut genotypes with resistance to leaf spot disease and preharvest aflatoxin contamination. Thirty-three groundnut genotypes originating from crosses between Schubert × 43-09-03-02 and TS32-1 × 60-02-03-02 including three checks: Manipinta, Chinese and ICGV03401 were evaluated in screenhouse and field studies. In the screenhouse experiment, the groundnut genotypes were arranged in a Complete Randomized Design with three replications. The field experiment was laid in a 9 × 4 alpha lattice design with three replications. Results revealed that A. flavus population in the soil increased when the fields were inoculated with the A. flavus isolate. Again, results show that these groundnut genotypes namely, L024, L030, L078B, L086A, L092 and L096, showed resistance to leaf spot disease infection. Also, except for L020B, which respectively showed a B and B aflatoxin of 71.5 and 72.0 ppb under field conditions and 1 2 132.1 and 131.5 ppb in pots, the remaining genotypes did not accumulate any aflatoxin at the preharvest level. In conclusion, the study identified groundnut genotypes L024, L030, L078B, L086A, L092 and L096 to be resistant to early leaf spot disease and preharvest aflatoxin contamination. These genotypes could be tested in the future for their yield and stability under diverse environments and released as varieties.
Chemical Composition, in vitro Gas Production and Microbial Quality of Rice Straw Supplemented with Pelleted or Unpelleted Dried Rumen Digesta Concentrate
Authors: Agolisi H.M. , Ansah T. , Adzitey F. 
Published: September 2024

The study sought to assess the chemical composition, microbial quality and in vitro gas production of rice straw supplemented with pelleted or unpelleted dried rumen digesta (DRD) concentrate in the savannah agro-ecological zone of Ghana. Four levels of DRD (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) were incorporated into a concentrate and subjected to two methods of processing (unpelleted diet and pelleted diet). Processing methods and DRD inclusion levels had a significant (P<0.05) interaction effect on crude protein (CP), ash, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and E. coli. The unpelleted diet at a 15% inclusion level of dried DRD had the highest CP (14.22%). The highest E. coli count was recorded in the unpelleted diet at 0% inclusion of DRD. No E. coli was detected in the pellet diets. There was a decreasing trend of E. coli as the levels of DRD increased in the unpelleted concentrate diet. The highest (p<0.05) in vitro digestible organic matter (IVDOM) and metabolisable energy was recorded in the 15% DRD pellet concentrate supplemented with 50% rice straw. The study concluded that DRD pellet can be used as a source of protein to enhance the utilisation of poor-quality feed resources during the dry season to improve the growth performance of ruminants.
The Effects of Life-Enzyme (<i>Zymomonas mobilis</i>) Treated Sawdust on Growth Performance, Apparent Nutrient Digestibility and Ileal Digesta Viscosity and Economics of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Alade A.A. , Olayemi W.A. , Olanloye S.A. , Orimogunje A.A. , Fasasi M.O. , Bamgbose A.M. , Oso A. O. 
Published: September 2024

A 56-day study investigated the effects of Zymomonas mobilis treated sawdust on growth and economics of broiler chickens. Three hundred and seventy-five (375) day old unsexed marshal broiler chicks were allotted to five dietary treatments with 75 broiler chicks per treatment in a completely randomised designed experiment. Diets were formulated to include untreated sawdust (SD) and Zymomonas mobilis treated sawdust (ZSD) at 0, 50% and 100%. At the finishing phase (5-8 weeks), dietary treatments with 50% ZSD had higher daily weight gain and protein efficiency ratio (PER) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR). Overall growth response (0 - 8 weeks) showed similar values for FCR and PER. There was improved crude fibre digestibility; however, there was no influence on crude protein, ether extract and ash digestibility at the finishing phase (5-8 weeks). Dietary inclusion of SD and ZSD decreased the values of the ileal digesta viscosity and economic efficiency. Therefore, 50% SD and 100% ZSD could be incorporated in broiler chickens' diets without compromising the growth response
Agricultural extension agents’ perception of work-life balance in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Adisa R.S. , Adeyemi M.O. , Ifabiyi J.O. , Abdrashid M.O. 
Published: September 2024

Work-life balance denotes a worker’s stability between the job and personal life. Work-life balance depicts employees accomplishing assigned duties and personal responsibilities without overlapping conflicts. This study investigated the Agricultural Extension Agents’ Perception of Work-Life Balance in Kwara State, Nigeria. One hundred and twenty respondents were selected for the study. The findings showed that the Extension agents have a high work-life balance. The statement that the leader creates a positive and supportive work environment (mean = 4.32) was the highest-ranked perception statement on leadership styles. The statement that extension agents arrive for work on time (mean = 4.47) was the highest-ranked perception statement on work-life balance. The statement that a good insurance scheme will make me take my job with all seriousness (mean = 4.59) was the highest-ranked factor influencing the work-life balance of the extension agents. The study concluded that the extension agents have a high work-life balance in Kwara State, Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that the extension organization should ensure the provision of motivational incentives such as insurance schemes and financial benefits to the extension agents
Development and comparison of a loop mediated isothermal amplification assay for the rapid diagnosis of lumpy skin disease
Authors: Macharia Edna W. , Binepal Yatinder S. , Onguso Justus , Kiambi Roy , Wanjala Bramwel 
Published: September 2024

Lumpy skin disease virus is a poxvirus in the genus Capripoxvirus and is closely related to sheeppox virus and goatpox virus. It’s economically important in cattle and a notifiable disease by World Organization for Animal Health. Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is endemic in most parts of Africa with small-scale farmers experiencing the highest loss during outbreaks due to restricted animal trade and costly control and eradication measures. Serological methods of LSD detection are sensitive, inexpensive but can be laborious and time- consuming while, molecular methods such as Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and real-time PCR/quantitative PCR (qPCR) are sensitive but require expertise and sophisticated laboratories. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) molecular method is advantageous, as it does not require expertise or sophisticated equipment. Thisstudy aimed to develop a rapid, simple, specific, and sensitive detection method for LSD. Sixtytwo samples that included skin biopsies, whole blood, serum, and cell cultures were used. New LAMP primer (10_LSD) that could detect lumpy skin disease virus, was designed using Genome based LAMP primer designer (GLAPD) software. Samples were analyzed by LAMP assay and a gold standard (real-time PCR). A LAMP field-based extraction method using polyethylene glycol (PEG) was developed and used for the detection of lumpy skin disease virus. The 10_LSD had a kappa value of 0.32 against the qPCR gold standard. In terms of limit of detection, qPCR had a detection limit of 10-3 ng/µl while 10_LSD had a limit of detection of 1 ng/µl and. The 10_LSD assay showed sensitivity of 60% and a specificity of 86 %. The LAMP assay did not cross-react with closely related viruses like camelpox, Orf virus, and Pestes des Petit Ruminants but could amplify sheeppox virus and goatpox virus. The average time to positivity was 14-28 minutes. The study supports the adoption of the LAMP assay for rapid Capripoxvirus diagnosis as a simpler, effective, and rapid method of detection, monitoring, and controlling outbreaks and the spread of disease in a field set up.
Analysis of power distribution transformers’ failure in rural electrification projects in Kenya
Authors: Kamweru Ephantus , Musyoka Erastus 
Published: September 2024

Reliable, safe and stable power distribution network is pivotal for realization of a steady economic growth in a country. Power distribution transformers play an important role to enhance this stability and efficiency in national grid networks and power distribution companies. To enhance sustainability and reliability in these grid-lines performance, customer satisfaction and profitability of the grid services should be optimally maintained and in sound state. Typically, the distribution transformers used in Kenya are Oil-immersed type which has a general lifespan of 25 to 30 years; this notwithstanding, they fail in large numbers, within the first 3 years of operation or even during commissioning, due to various reasons causing enormous economic and service impact on the distribution utilities as well as the power consumers. In this study, a detailed discourse on the causes of failure in distribution transformers and possible recommendations to mitigate these challenges have been discussed with reference to data collected from Rural electrification and renewable energy corporation transformer stores and field project reports. The results show a clear indication that both power line factors and manufacturers’ defects have great impact on these failures. The conclusion and recommendations will be crucial to inform future grid line designs and policies’ formulations for the optimal functionality of these transformers.
Rosemary leaf extract alleviates testicular impairment, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Alahmadi Ahlam A. , Alahmadi Bassam A. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of ethanol extract of rosemary leaf (EERL) (Rosmarinus officinalis L., family Lamiaceae) against testicular damage in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes rats.
Methods: The study involved four groups of rats (n = 6). Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) was induced by injection of 50 mg/kg of STZ. Group 1 served as the control (non-diabetic) group. Group 2 included T2D rats without treatment. Group 3 comprised T2D rats treated with EERL at 200 mg/kg. Group 4 consisted of T2D rats treated with EERL at a dose of 400 mg/kg. The extract was administered orally once a day for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum testosterone, follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) levels were assessed. Additionally, histopathological examination using H & E staining and immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to evaluate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase-3 in the testes.
Results: Compared to the untreated T2D rats, EERL administration at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg produced a significant decrease (p ˂ 0.05) in FBG levels and elevated levels of serum testosterone, FSH, and LH hormones (p ˂ 0.05). Additionally, EERL administration (both doses) compared to the untreated T2D group led to a significant (p ˂ 0.05) reduction in testicular MDA content and significant (p ˂ 0.05) enhancement of GSH, SOD, and GPx. Moreover, EERL exhibited potential inhibition of STZinduced testicular damage and successfully averted apoptotic reactions by significantly reducing caspase-3 expression.
Conclusion: Ethanol extract of rosemary leaf (EERL) diminishes testicular damage, and counteracts oxidative burden and apoptosis in T2D rats. Ethanol extract from rosemary may be a source of molecules for development as a medicine to support sexual hormones in individuals with diabetes.