bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of N-terminal and C-terminal Arg residues from BK on interaction with kinin B2 receptor
Authors: Filippelli-Silva Rafael , Martin Renan P. , Rodrigues Eliete S. , Nakaie Clovis R. , Oliveira Laerte , Pesquero João B. , Shimuta Suma I. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Bradykinin (BK) is a nonapeptide important for several physiological processes such as vasodilatation, increase in vascular permeability and release of inflammatory mediators. BK performs its actions by coupling to and activating the B2 receptor, a family A G-protein coupled receptor. Using a strategy which allows systematical monitoring of BK R1 and R9 residues and B2 receptor acidic residues Glu5.35(226) and Asp6.58(298), our study aims at clarifying the BK interaction profile with the B2 receptor [receptor residue numbers are normalized according to Ballesteros and Weinstein, Methods Neurosci. 25 (1995), pp. 366–428) followed by receptor sequence numbering in brackets]. N- and C-terminal analogs of BK (-A1, -G1, -K1, -E1 and BK-A9) were tested against wild type B2, Glu5.35(226)Ala and Asp6.58(298)Ala B2 mutant receptors for their affinity and capability to elicit responses by mechanical recordings of isolated mice stomach fundus, measuring intracellular calcium mobilization, and competitive fluorimetric binding assays. BK showed 2- and 15-fold decreased potency for Glu5.35(226) and Asp6.58(298) B2 mutant receptors, respectively. In B2-Glu5.35(226)Ala BK analogs showed milder reduction in evaluated parameters. On the other hand, in the B2-Asp6.58(298)Ala mutant, no N-terminal analog was able to elicit any response. However, the BK-A9 analog presented higher affinity parameters than BK in the latter mutant. These findings provide enough support for defining a novel interaction role of BK-R9 and Asp6.58(298) receptor residues.
Generalized hydrodynamic correlations and fractional memory functions
Authors: Rodríguez Rosalio F. , Fujioka Jorge 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
A fractional generalized hydrodynamic (GH) model of the longitudinal velocity fluctuations correlation, and its associated memory function, for a complex fluid is analyzed. The adiabatic elimination of fast variables introduces memory effects in the transport equations, and the dynamic of the fluctuations is described by a generalized Langevin equation with long-range noise correlations. These features motivate the introduction of Caputo time fractional derivatives and allows us to calculate analytic expressions for the fractional longitudinal velocity correlation function and its associated memory function. Our analysis eliminates a spurious constant term in the non-fractional memory function found in the non-fractional description.
It also produces a significantly slower power-law decay of the memory function in the GH regime that reduces to the well-known exponential decay in the non-fractional Navier–Stokes limit.
A new monitoring and characterization system of partial discharges based on the analysis of the spectral power
Authors: Ardila Rey Jorge Alfredo , Albarracín Sánchez Ricardo , Robles Guillermo 
Published: November 2015

<p>Partial Discharges (PD) are one of the possible causes for unexpected faults in power systems equipment, so that its measure is an essential tool for high-voltage electrical equipment maintenance. In order to characterize the PD activity, some statistic magnitudes are necessary. For this reason, the acquisition and processing of PD is very important when making critical decisions regarding disconnection or repairing assets in power systems. On the other hand, the measurement environments often present multiple sources of electrical noise, thus the proper interpretation of PD patterns is a challenge in the identification of sources of different nature. In this paper, the development of a PD monitoring system capable of displaying in real time the classic PD parameters, the PD waveform, its frequency spectrum and calculating statistical parameters of the acquisition, are presented. On the whole, a new method of identifying sources of PD and electrical noise, developed by the authors, which is based on measuring the relative spectral power of PD pulses, is shown. This method has proven effective in characterizing PD and electrical noise; a series of experiments conducted in several test objects are presented in order to validate the performance of the proposed system</p><p><span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></p>
Anhydrite/aerogel composites for thermal insulation
Authors: Sanz-Pont D. , Sanz-Arauz D. , Bedoya-Frutos C. , Flatt R. J. , López-Andrés S. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
High performance thermal insulating composite materials can be produced with mineral binders and hydrophobic aerogel particles through a hydrophilization process for the latter with surfactants. The present study is focused on the development of aerogel/calcium sulfate composites by the hydrophilization of hydrophobic silica aerogel particles through a polymer-based surfactant. Its effects on the microstructure and hydration degree are examined as well as their relation to the resulting mechanical and physical properties. Results show that composites with an around 60 % of aerogel by volume can achieve a thermal conductivity <30 mW/m × K. Interestingly, a surfactant addition of 0.1 % by wt% of the water in the mixtures provides better material properties compared to a surfactant wt% addition of 5 %. However, it has been found around 40 % entrained air, affecting the material properties by reducing the binder and aerogel volume fractions within the composites. Moreover, gypsum crystallization starts to be inhibited at aerogel volume fractions >35 %. Towards material optimization, a model for the calculation of thermal conductivity of composites and an equation for the compressive strength are proposed.
Plantaciones forestales vs. regeneración natural in situ : El caso de los pinos y la rehabilitación en el Parque Nacional Cofre de Perote
Authors: Pensado-Fernández José Antonio , Sánchez-Velásquez Lázaro Rafael , Pineda-López María del Rosario , Díaz-Fleischer Francisco 
Published: November 2015

El conocimiento de la estructura y dinámica de la vegetación como estimadores del desempeño de las plantaciones forestales y de la regeneración natural en la rehabilitación es escaso, y tampoco se conoce el efecto de la ganadería extensiva sobre ambas. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el número de individuos por hectárea y la tasa anual de crecimiento entre las comunidades de pinos ( Pinus patula , P. montezumae y P. teocote ) procedentes de las plantaciones forestales y de la regeneración natural en sitios con dos diferentes condiciones (con y sin exclusión de ganado). Se encontraron diferencias significativas (P < 0.0001) en la tasa anual de crecimiento de la altura, en el diámetro basal del tallo y en el diámetro promedio de cobertura entre las plantaciones vs . la regeneración natural y entre las dos condiciones de exclusión de ganado. El número de individuos establecidos por hectárea fue significativamente mayor en la regeneración natural con exclusión de ganado (1,380 ± 120 y 1,130 ± 130) que en aquella sin exclusión (430 ± 250), y en las plantaciones forestales con o sin exclusión de ganado (995 ± 90 y 455 ± 125, respectivamente; P < 0.0001). Se concluye que la regeneración natural de pinos es una opción adecuada para la rehabilitación ecológica en terrenos degradados, especialmente si están protegidos del ganado, en comparación con las plantaciones forestales.
Distribución potencial de ocho especies exóticas de carácter invasor en el estado de Baja California, México
Authors: Palma-Ordaz Sara , Delgadillo-Rodríguez José 
Published: November 2015

Se determinó la distribución potencial de ocho especies exóticas de carácter invasor en el estado de Baja California ( Atriplex semibaccata , Brassica tournefortii , Bromus rubens , Centaurea melitensis , Cynodon dactylon , Salsola tragus , Schismus barbatus y Tamarix ramosissima ), mediante el uso del programa de modelaje MaxEnt. Para ello se utilizaron 19 variables climáticas y la distribución conocida de las especies, obtenida de registros de herbario. Todos los modelos fueron evaluados para probar su habilidad de predicción y se analizaron las variables climáticas más importantes en el modelo predictivo de cada especie. Se identi?có la zona costera noroeste (zona mediterránea), como el área de mayor probabilidad de presencia de las especies. Esto puede deberse a que es una zona en donde históricamente el intercambio florístico ha sido más intensivo y donde la actividad antropogénica es mayor; además, probablemente estas especies han tenido una mejor adaptación a las condiciones climáticas de la zona, sólo algunas de ellas extienden su distribución potencial hacia las regiones desérticas del estado. Este es el primer trabajo que se realiza en Baja California, que considera las especies exóticas y su potencial invasor a partir de modelos de distribución potencial. Estos modelos, de?nidos con la información actual disponible, pueden apoyar para determinar los sitios más importantes de concentración de las mismas.
Diversidad genética de Oreopanax xalapensis (Araliaceae) en Los Altos de Chiapas
Authors: Ruiz-Montoya Lorena , Correa-Vera Verenyzee , Alfaro-González Fanny Carely , Ramírez-Marcial Neptalí , Verónica-Vallejo Rodrigo 
Published: November 2015

La diversidad genética de una especie determina su capacidad de respuesta a los cambios ambientales, por lo que su conocimiento puede ser de importancia para el diseño de estrategias de restauración de bosques. En este estudio se analiza la diversidad y estructura genética de cinco poblaciones de Oreopanax xalapensis en Los Altos de Chiapas. Esta especie se está utilizando en prácticas de restauración del bosque mesófilo de montaña en la región, pero se desconocen los niveles de variación genética de las poblaciones naturales de las que se obtienen las semillas. Para la descripción genética se usaron 18 loci enzimáticos evidenciados en acetato de celulosa, y con base en las frecuencias genotípicas se determinaron las frecuencia alélicas y se obtuvieron los siguientes estimadores de diversidad genética: polimorfismo, heterocigosidad observada (HO) y esperada (HE), y el número de alelos promedio. El estadístico FST se utilizó para estimar el grado de diferenciación entre subpoblaciones. El número de alelos promedio fue de 1.8-2.0 por locus; se registró un polimorfismo de 66 al 100%. El promedio de HO fue de 0.362, y HE de 0.379. El grado de estructuración fue significativamente alto (FST = 0.214), la estimación indirecta de flujo genético entre las subpoblaciones fue de Nm = 5.0 individuos por generación. Las subpoblaciones de O. xalapensis son genéticamente diversas y se encuentran estructuradas; lo anterior implica que para una práctica de restauración efectiva debiera considerarse la colecta de semillas de todas las subpoblaciones para tener una mejor representatividad de su diversidad genética.
Guadua tuxtlensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Guaduinae), una nueva especie inadvertida de la región de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, México
Authors: Londoño Ximena , Ruíz-Sánchez Eduardo 
Published: November 2015

Se describe e ilustra Guadua tuxtlensis , una especie nueva de la región de Los Tuxtlas, de los Municipios de Catemaco y San Andrés Tuxtla, Estado de Veracruz, México. Guadua tuxtlensis se caracteriza por tener culmos huecos con espesores de las paredes del culmo gruesas, ramas con espinas desde el primer nudo, hoja caulinar basalmente persistente, con conspicuas aurículas falcadas-fimbriadas, vaina foliar apicalmente fimbriada, lamina foliar ovoide-lanceolada y adaxialmente muy nervada. En este estudio se presenta una comparación de la morfología vegetativa entre G. tuxtlensis , G. aculeata y G. inermis , y se incluye una clave de las especies del género Guadua para México.
A Educação/Formação de Adultos no jogo entre o global e o local
Authors: Silva Daniela Andrade 
Published: November 2015

Na aurora do novo século esboçou-se em Portugal uma nova arquitetura na promoção do direito à educação destinada aos adultos: os processos de reconhecimento, validação e certificação de competências (RVCC), desenvolvidos nos Centros Novas Oportunidades (CNO), integrados no paradigma da aprendizagem ao longo da vida. Um dos exemplos do investimento estatal neste setor correspondeu ao Programa/Iniciativa Novas Oportunidades (2005-2012), promovido pelo Ministério da Educação e também pelo Ministério do Trabalho e da Solidariedade Social, tendo sido este um símbolo do investimento governamental, da altura, na qualificação. A União Europeia e a construção do Espaço Europeu de Educação influenciou e marcou a agenda política do programa Novas oportunidades. Nesta comunicação, pretendemos refletir sobre as representações dos atores dos CNO no que diz respeito ao impacto que os mesmos sentiam na sua ação das diretrizes emanadas pela União Europeia tendo em conta uma investigação realizada num CNO do distrito de Braga, Portugal. A investigação decorreu nos anos civis 2010 e 2011 e contemplou as seguintes metodologias: a) um estudo de caso: entrevistas à equipa técnica do CNO (formadores e técnicos de RVCC), b) a aplicação de um inquérito por questionário aos diretores/coordenadores dos CNO do Norte de Portugal (NUT III) (com uma amostra de 79,7%, n=55). Os dados obtidos na investigação denunciam a influência dos processos de globalização no contexto local, confirmando a existência de um determinado grau de porosidade, neste programa educativo, das normas e diretrizes da União Europeia, sendo que, para os atores inquiridos, a política de educação/formação da União Europeia exerce demasiada influência sobre as políticas educativas nacionais. O aumento da qualificação dos portugueses, através do Programa Novas Oportunidades, colocou Portugal numa posição mais prestigiante no ranking dos países que contribuem para a construção do espaço europeu de educação. Assim sendo, o estudo das dinâmicas de educação de adultos locais de então ser entendido num contexto mais amplo da construção do espaço europeu de educação e de globalização.
Mejora en la socialización del alumnado de Educación Primaria: una intervención multidisciplinar
Authors: López-Martínez Sonia 
Published: November 2015

En este estudio se examinan las repercusiones de un programa de entrenamiento en habilidades sociales que fue aplicado en un aula de segundo curso de Educación Primaria. El objetivo del programa era la mejora de la participación, cohesión e inclusión de todo el alumnado. La muestra estuvo formada por 22 estudiantes, de una media de edad de siete, ocho y nueve años de edad, escolarizados en un centro educativo público de la provincia de Ourense. Un 32% de los participantes presentaba puntuaciones bajas en socialización (se estudiaron tanto las dimensiones facilitadoras de la socialización: liderazgo, jovialidad, sensibilidad social y respeto-autocontrol, como las perturbadoras de la misma: agresividad-terquedad, apatía retraimiento y ansiedad-timidez), autoconcepto y rendimiento académico. La aplicación del programa se realizó durante 16 semanas. El grupo que participó también fue expuesto a la influencia de juegos colectivos y gimnasia deportiva, que representaban formas de socialización menos estructuradas que dicho programa de entrenamiento y que permitían a los niños y niñas interactuar y relacionarse con sus iguales, así como dar la oportunidad de recibir respuestas sociales y refuerzos positivos tanto de sus compañeros como por parte de maestros y maestras. Los docentes responsables del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje fueron entrenados para generar un clima motivador en el aula. Los resultados indican diferencias significativas en todo el grupo en las medidas pretest y postest de socialización, también se observaron mejoras significativas en autoconcepto académico, autoconcepto no académico y rendimiento escolar en los estudiantes que presentaban puntuaciones bajas. Se concluye que el entrenamiento de las habilidades sociales es una intervención eficaz para la mejora de la socialización, aunque para conseguir resultados positivos es imprescindible llevar a cabo una evaluación rigurosa del grupo al que va dirigido, así como el diseño de actividades menos estructuradas donde los sujetos no se limiten a seguir normas de actuación en diferentes situaciones, sino que aprendan a formar parte del tejido social por sí mismos.
Estratégias de geoconservação através da inventariação e quantificação de geossítios: Parque Estadual da Pedra da Boca - plúton monte das gameleiras - Araruna/PB
Authors: Guimarães Thaís de Oliveira , Mariano Gorki , Seabra Giovanni 
Published: November 2015

O Plúton Monte das Gameleiras em sua totalidade abrange parte dos municípios de Araruna (PB) e Passa e Fica (RN), com área aflorante de aproximadamente 340 km2. O corpo granítico faz parte da associação cálcio-alcalina de alto potássio, suíte ígnea Itaporanga caracterizada pela ocorrência de rochas graníticas e dioríticas. A área coberta por este trabalho está localizada na porção S-SE do plúton localizada no município de Araruna (PB), próximo a divisa com o município de Passa e Fica (RN), mais precisamente no Parque Estadual da Pedra da Boca. Nesta região, ocorrem feições de relevante interesse geológico e geomorfológico, favorecendo ao desenvolvimento do turismo de base geológica. Entre as feições geomorfológicas da área, destaca-se a Pedra da Boca. O afloramento, em destaque topográfico, apresenta grande cavidade, semelhante a uma imensa boca aberta, originada em função principalmente do intemperismo físico/químico de rochas com características geológicas distintas, associada à queda de blocos, controlado por sistema de fraturas. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descrever feições geomorfológicas do plúton e selecionar os principais pontos de interesse geológico e geomorfológicos visando inventariação, classificação e quantificação. Finalmente, propor medidas de divulgação e geoconservação desses monumentos líticos.
Vertical Electrical Soundings for Locating Groundwater Potential Zones in Osmania University Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India
Authors: Kumar D. Vijay , Ramadass G. 
Published: November 2015

<p>Based on the resistivity investigations Osmania University Campus, precisely depth and resistivity of subsurface layers were computed, Various geoelectric sections along different profiels (I to VIII) was obtained and analyzed. The study area is showing four layered geoelectrical sections, the top soil layer of variable resisitivity value between 11.2 to 599 Ωm, whose maximum thickness is 0.75 to 4.45 m. The highly weathered second layer resistivity value varing from1.72 to 1800 Ωm. And thickness is 0.12 to 36.6m. The third fractured layer indicated by resistivity value 16.3 to 46074 Ωm and thickness is 4.9 to 87.4 m. The basement that is associated with hard rock and very high resistivities ranging to infinity. The low restivity with thick overbuden and fractured bed rock constitute the aquifer units and the series of basementt undulations identified from the geolelectrical sections are potential points for groundwater locations.</p>
Synthesis and characterization of graphene-epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Acar Alperen , Çolak Özgen Ümit , Uzunsoy Deniz 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Graphene, a monolayer of carbon atoms arranged in a two dimensional lattice, has attracted great attention in recent years due to its extra ordinary properties and potential applications. One obvious application of graphene is in the field of nano-composites. In this work, graphene platelets (GPL) reinforced with epoxy nano-composites were fabricated by using soft molding technique in two different ratios with two different solvents. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the structure of graphene and graphene reinforced composites. Tensile and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) in three point bending mode were used to investigate the mechanical properties of the composites. The tensile strength and strain to failure of nanocomposites of GPL reinforced epoxy nanocomposite were enhanced by 9.31 % and 34.78 %, respectively, while small improvement is observed in the elasticity modulus. Dynamic mechanical analysis has shown that with the addition of 0.1 and 0.5 wt.-% graphene nanoplatelets, storage modulus has increased by 20 and 46 % on the glassy region, respectively. The glass transition temperature is not affected with addition of graphene.
Irritable bowel syndrome: Is it “irritable brain” or “irritable bowel”?
Authors: Padhy Susanta Kumar , Sahoo Swapnajeet , Mahajan Sonali , Sinha Saroj Kumar 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been recognized as one of the most common and best studied disorders among the group of functional gastrointestinal disorders. It is a functional bowel disorder in which abdominal pain or discomfort is associated with defecation or a change in bowel habit. In the Western world, IBS appears to affect up to 20% of the population at any given time but in Asian countries, the median value of IBS prevalence defined by various criteria ranges between 6.5% and 10.1%, and community prevalence of 4% is found in North India. Those attending gastroenterology clinics represent only the tip of the iceberg. The disorder substantially impairs the quality of life, and the overall health-care costs are high. IBS has therefore gained increased attention from clinicians, researchers, and pharmaceutical industries. It is often frustrating to both patients and physicians as the disease is usually chronic in nature and difficult to treat. However, the understanding of IBS has been changing from time to time and still most of its concepts are unknown. In this review we have discussed, debated, and synthesized the evidence base, focusing on underlying mechanisms in the brain and bowel. We conclude that it is both brain and bowel mechanisms that are responsible. The clinical implication of such mechanisms is discussed.
Lipopolysaccharide induces a downregulation of adiponectin receptorsin-vitroandin-vivo
Authors: Hall Alison , Leuwer Martin , Trayhurn Paul , Welters Ingeborg D. 
Published: November 2015

Background.Adipose tissue contributes to the inflammatory response through production of cytokines, recruitment of macrophages and modulation of the adiponectin system. Previous studies have identified a down-regulation of adiponectin in pathologies characterised by acute (sepsis and endotoxaemia) and chronic inflammation (obesity and type-II diabetes mellitus). In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that LPS would reduce adiponectin receptor expression in a murine model of endotoxaemia and in adipoocyte and myocyte cell cultures.Methods.25 mg/kg LPS was injected intra-peritoneally into C57BL/6J mice, equivalent volumes of normal saline were used in control animals. Mice were killed at 4 or 24 h post injection and tissues harvested. Murine adipocytes (3T3-L1) and myocytes (C2C12) were grown in standard culture, treated with LPS (0.1 µg/ml–10 µg/ml) and harvested at 4 and 24 h. RNA was extracted and qPCR was conducted according to standard protocols and relative expression was calculated.Results.After LPS treatment there was a significant reduction after 4 h in gene expression of adipo R1 in muscle and peri-renal fat and of adipo R2 in liver, peri-renal fat and abdominal wall subcutaneous fat. After 24 h, significant reductions were limited to muscle. Cell culture extracts showed varied changes with reduction in adiponectin and adipo R2 gene expression only in adipocytes.Conclusions.LPS reduced adiponectin receptor gene expression in several tissues including adipocytes. This reflects a down-regulation of this anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitising pathway in response to LPS. The trend towards base line after 24 h in tissue depots may reflect counter-regulatory mechanisms. Adiponectin receptor regulation differs in the tissues investigated.