bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regressed melanocytic nevi secondary to pembrolizumab therapy: an emerging melanocytic dermatologic effect from immune checkpoint antibody blockade
Authors: Mauzo Shakuntala H. , Tetzlaff Michael T. , Nelson Kelly , Amaria Rodabe , Patel Sapna , Aung Phyu P. , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Torres‐Cabala Carlos A. , Diab Adi , Prieto Victor G. , Curry Jonathan L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint antibody blockade is an emerging therapeutic option for treating certain cancers including melanoma. This therapy is associated with dermatologic and systemic toxicities, some of which are more severe than others and may require withholding therapy.Case reportsWe report two patients with melanocytic nevi that regressed with pembrolizumab therapy. The first patient had stage IV BRAF K601E/L584F mutant melanoma that developed a regressed melanocytic nevus while being treated with pembrolizumab. The second patient had stage III BRAF V600R mutant melanoma that was treated with pembrolizumab and dabrafenib, and also developed a regressed melanocytic nevus. Both patients had good response to therapy and stable disease at 8 and 12 months of treatment, respectively.ResultsRegressed melanocytic nevi were observed in both patients treated with pembrolizumab for advance‐stage melanoma. Immunohistochemical analysis of a regressed melanocytic nevus was associated with an inflammatory infiltrate rich in CD8+ T cells and CD163+, CD11c+ histiocytes.ConclusionRegressed melanocytic nevi are an emerging dermatologic effect from pembrolizumab therapy.
A Systematic Literature Review on Recent Lean Research: State‐of‐the‐art and Future Directions
Authors: Danese Pamela , Manfè Valeria , Romano Pietro 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLean management (LM) has attracted the interest of scientists and practitioners since 1990, when Womack et al. (Womack, J.P., Jones, D.T. and Roos, D. (1990). The Machine that Changed the World. New York, NY: Rawson Associates) popularized the Japanese manufacturing approach aimed at eliminating waste to improve operational performance and customer satisfaction. Over the years, the lean concept has evolved becoming a managerial paradigm applicable to different sectors and processes with impressive results. This heterogeneity of implementations and settings makes the recent LM literature diverse and fragmented, and an extensive analysis of the latest contributions on this field is lacking. To address this gap, the authors propose a systematic literature review (SLR) of 240 articles published in 25 peer‐reviewed academic journals from January 2003 to December 2015. The purpose is to analyse the recent trends in this area and to provide a framework that organizes lean researched issues into mature, intermediate and nascent, based on their position in the research life cycle. Starting from the gaps that the SLR highlights, the authors suggest conducting lean research in the following directions: (a) grounding lean studies on existing managerial theories; (b) addressing service settings such as banking/finance, public sector and education; (c) exploring the role of national culture through cross‐country comparisons; (d) defining and conceptualizing ‘lean‐x’ processes; (e) understanding the relationships between lean and safety/environmental issues, and (f) unveiling the effects on social outcomes. Finally, the proposed framework helps scholars find issues not sufficiently explored that require theory‐building research (to move from nascent to intermediate) or theory‐testing research (to move from intermediate to mature).
Harnessing the power of regulatory T‐cells to control autoimmune diabetes: overview and perspective
Authors: Yu Hua , Paiva Ricardo , Flavell Richard A. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryType 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune disease resulting in islet β‐cell destruction, hypoinsulinaemia and severely altered glucose homeostasis. Although the mechanisms that initiate T1D still remain elusive, a breakdown of immune tolerance between effector T‐cells (Teff) and regulatory T‐cells (Treg) is considered to be the crucial component leading to autoimmunity. As such, strategies have been developed to boost the number and/or function of Treg in the hope of specifically hampering the pathogenic Teff activity. In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of biomarkers and functions of both forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)+ Treg and type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells in health and in T1D, examine the outcome of experimental therapies in both animal models and humans via manipulation of Treg responses and also provide an outlook on the potential of Treg‐based immunotherapies in the prevention and treatment of this disease. Discussed immunotherapies include adoptive transfer of ex‐vivo expanded FoxP3+ Treg, manipulation of Treg cells via the interleukin (IL)‐2/IL‐2R pathway and induction of Treg by tolerogenic peptides, tolerogenic dendritic cells or altered gut microbiota.
Salutogenic Healthy Ageing Programme Embracement (SHAPE) for senior‐only households: A study protocol
Authors: Seah Betsy , Kowitlawakul Yanika , Chokkanathan Srinivasan , Fong Jeane Jin Yi , Espnes Geir Arild , Ang Emily , Wang Wenru 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the effectiveness of a multi‐dimensional community‐based health promotion and risk prevention programme, named Salutogenic Healthy Ageing Programme Embracement (SHAPE) for senior‐only households in Singapore.BackgroundIn view of ageing population and its significant impacts on economy, societal structure and policy‐making, healthy ageing emerges as an important concept in maintaining health through the engagement of health‐promoting behaviour and risk prevention actions in older people.DesignA stratified randomized control trial with process evaluation is proposed.MethodologyThe salutogenic model, which focuses on positive well‐being and optimizing health outcomes, provides an underpinning theoretical framework for this study. SHAPE is a 12‐week intervention programme comprising of both weekly group‐based activity sessions and home visits. One hundred and fifty‐four eligible participants will be stratified and randomly allocated to either the SHAPE intervention or the control group. Both outcome and process evaluation will be conducted. Outcome measures include sense of coherence, quality of life, health‐promoting behaviours, self‐efficacy and other health‐related outcomes. These data will be collected at four time points: baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. Individual qualitative face‐to‐face interviews will be conducted for older people receiving SHAPE to explore their views on the programme.DiscussionThe use of salutogenic model breaks away from the negatively connoted conventional biomedical model and addresses optimization of positive health, providing an overall holistic approach to care of older people. The intervention SHAPE seeks to identify, equip and strengthen resources for senior‐only households, encouraging the adaption of health‐promoting and risk‐preventing actions to achieve better health outcomes and higher quality of life.
EP radiofrequency generators: Significant offsets between selected and delivered power?
Authors: Bourier Felix , Schwarz Bernhard , Brkic Amir , Wolff Lara , Semmler Verena , Kottmaier Marc , Risse Elena , Telishevska Marta , Brooks Stephanie , Lengauer Sarah , Kornmayer Marielouise , Koch‐Büttner Katharina , Berger Florian , Hessling Gabriele , Deisenhofer Isabel , Reents Tilko 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntroductionFor radiofrequency (RF) ablation, the EP Shuttle® (Stockert GmbH, Freiburg, Germany), Ampere® (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN, USA), and SmartAblate® (Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, CA, USA) generator models are most frequently used in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between selected and delivered RF power for different generators.Methods and resultsIn an experimental setup, ablation catheters were connected to the EP Shuttle®, Ampere®, and SmartAblate® generators. The power delivered by the generators was measured using a current converter and an oscilloscope. The selected power displayed on the generator was compared to the actually delivered power measured by the experimental setup (n = 800 measurements). The offsets between selected and delivered power increased significantly with impedance (EP Shuttle®). For example, at a selected power of 30 W, the delivered power was 40.3 W (EP Shuttle®), 30.1 W (Ampere®), and 28.1 W (SmartAblate®) at an impedance of 200 Ω.In addition, ablation lesions (n = 80) were created in ex vivo porcine cardiac muscle preparations. The resulting ablation lesion size was calculated in caliper measurements. When the EP Shuttle® generator was operated at 200 Ω, the resulting lesion size was significantly larger than at 100 Ω. There were no significant offsets between power delivery and lesion size when using the Ampere® or SmartAblate® generators.ConclusionsThe Ampere® and SmartAblate® generator models deliver accurate power as selected by the user. The power delivered by the EP Shuttle® generator exceeds the selected power by up to 40% depending on impedance. The findings were confirmed in ex vivo porcine heart experiments and should be considered in clinical practice.
The effect size of aphid‐tending ants in an agricultural tri‐trophic system
Authors: Canedo‐Júnior E. O. , Santiago G. S. , Ribas C. R. , Zurlo L. F. , Cuissi R. G. , Souza B. , Faria L. D. B. , Rabello A. M. , Braga D. de L. , Silva E. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMost studies regarding ant–aphid interactions focus only on the direct effects of ants on tended aphids and aphidophagous predators, or the indirect effects on the host plant. Studies evaluating the effects of aphid‐tending ants on more than one trophic level are rare and evaluate only the presence or absence of such effects. Here we assessed the effect sizes of ants in a tri‐trophic system (common bean plants, aphids and lacewing larvae). We tested if the presence of aphid‐tending ants has positive effects on aphid abundance and host‐plant production and negative effects on aphid predator abundance. We also hypothesized that aphid‐tending ants affect more intensely trophic levels that are more directly related to them (i.e., first aphids, then aphid predators and then host plants). We tested these hypotheses in field mesocosms experiments using the presence and absence of ants. We found that aphid‐tending ants have great positive effects on final aphid abundance. Ants also positively affected the number of seeds; however, it was not possible to measure the effect size for this trophic level. Furthermore, ants had negative effects on lacewing larvae only at first release. The effect size of ants was greater for aphids, followed by lacewing larvae, and with no effects on the number of seeds produced. Ants positively affect aphids and host‐plant production, probably by way of honeydew collection preventing the development of entomophagous/saprophytic fungi. On the other hand, ants negatively affect lacewing larvae by excluding them from the host plant. In natural systems, several ant species may attend aphids, differently affecting the organisms of the various trophic levels within the ant–aphid interaction, thereby obscuring the real effect size of ants. Assessing the effect size of aphid‐tending ants on the organisms involved in ant–aphid interactions provides more realistic information about the effects of this interaction on natural systems.
Incident reporting behaviours following the Francis report: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Archer Gareth , Colhoun Alison 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesPrevious studies have shown a lack of engagement in the reporting process. There is limited evidence about whether attitudes and behaviours of doctors in the UK towards incident reporting have changed following the events at Mid Staffordshire National Health Service Foundation Trust and the recommendations that followed. We conducted a relatively large survey of doctors, aiming to assess whether doctors recognised incidents and reported them accordingly, along with their behaviours towards reporting and their suggestions of how incident reporting may be improved.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of doctors was undertaken in 11 hospitals in the north of England. The participants (n = 581) were invited to take part in an electronic questionnaire. Demographics were obtained, and engagement with the incident reporting process was assessed, including an estimate of the number of incidents which were witnessed but not actually reported. Factors which influenced reporting behaviours were recorded. Free‐text comments were encouraged. A mixed method analysis of the responses was performed.ResultsDoctors do not appear to be engaging with the incident reporting process—in particular, junior doctors. The main reason given for not completing forms was not having enough time (38.2% of respondents), primarily due to the length and complexity of forms. Many doctors, 43.7%, witnessed more than 5 incidents, but only 13.3% of doctors submitted more than 5 reports. Free text comments revealed 4 themes which impact upon reporting behaviours: organisational issues, form structure, a culture of blame, and a lack of feedback. Several suggestions for improvement were made.ConclusionsLittle has changed in the attitudes and behaviours of doctors. Improving incident reporting form structure to make it more user‐friendly and improving feedback may engage doctors and lead to an improved safety culture. The way the medical profession reports serious and other incidents still needs to be improved.
Visualization research of moisture content in leaf lettuce leaves based on WT‐PLSR and hyperspectral imaging technology
Authors: Zhou Xin , Sun Jun , Mao Hanping , Wu Xiaohong , Zhang Xiaodong , Yang Ning 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFast and effective visualization research of leaf lettuce leaves was particularly important in modern fine agriculture irrigation. Therefore, hyperspectral imaging technology was used to test the moisture content in leaf lettuce sample. A method involving wavelet transform coupled with partial least squares regression (WT‐PLSR) was proposed to extract characteristic wavelengths, build models, and evaluate characteristic wavelengths. Hyperspectral imaging data of 200 leaf lettuce leaves of five moisture gradients were obtained using hyperspectral imaging instrument. The whole region of leaf lettuce sample was selected as region of interest (ROI) to extract the hyperspectral data using sheffield index, image segment, and masking. To reduce noise interference, Savitzky–Golay (SG) algorithm was used to manage spectral data. Besides, WT‐PLSR algorithm was used to select effective feature wavelengths, build detection model, and evaluate characteristic wavelengths. The best prediction model of moisture content in leaf lettuce sample was PLSR model (RMSEP = 0.1688,
=0.8307) building by characteristic wavelength extracted from fourth layers of wavelet decomposition, and it was applied to achieve the distribution of moisture content in leaf lettuce leaves. Hyperspectral imaging technology coupled with WT‐PLSR algorithm can effectively realize the quantitative detection of moisture content in leaf lettuce sample, and visualizing distribution map of moisture content in leaf lettuce leaves offered a more intuitive and comprehensive assessment of moisture contents.Practical applicationsWell understanding moisture content in leaf lettuce leaves is very important for revelation of novel biological function and calcium (Ca) content. To facilitate more intuitively and comprehensively detect the moisture content in leaf lettuce leaves, a method involving wavelet transform coupled with partial least squares regression (WT‐PLSR) was proposed to extract characteristic wavelengths, build models, and evaluate characteristic wavelengths. It confirms that the WT‐PLSR algorithm is feasible and effective for building models of different moisture contents in leaf lettuce leaves, and visualizing distribution map of leaf lettuce leaves offered a more intuitive and comprehensive assessment of moisture contents.
The role of exosomes on colorectal cancer: A review
Authors: Ruiz‐López Lidia , Blancas Isabel , Garrido José M , Mut‐Salud Nuria , Moya‐Jódar Marta , Osuna Antonio , Rodríguez‐Serrano Fernando 
Published: November 2017

AbstractExosomes are extracellular microvesicles released from cells, which are involved in many biological and pathological processes, mainly because of their role in intercellular communication. Exosomes derived from colorectal cancer (CRC) cells are related to oncogenesis, tumor cell survival, chemo‐resistance, and metastasis. The role of the exosomes in these processes involves the transfer of proteins, RNAs, or mutant versions of proto‐oncogenes to the target cells. In recent years, great efforts have been made to identify useful biomarkers in CRC exosomes for diagnosis, prediction of prognosis, and treatment response. This review focuses on recent studies on CRC exosomes, considering isolation, cargo, biomarkers, and the effects of exosomes on the development and progression of CRC, including resistance to antitumor therapy.
Identifying Sarcopenia in Female Long‐Term Care Residents: A Comparison of Current Guidelines
Authors: Kotlarczyk Mary P. , Perera Subashan , Nace David A. , Resnick Neil M. , Greenspan Susan L. 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesTo establish the prevalence of sarcopenia in a long‐term care population, assess agreement among different consensus sarcopenia diagnostic criteria, and examine agreement of a self‐reported questionnaire with consensus guidelines.DesignCross‐sectional secondary analysis.SettingLong‐term care communities in the greater Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, area.ParticipantsWomen aged 65 and older (mean 83.6) undergoing eligibility screening for a fracture reduction trial (N = 141).MeasurementsWe measured appendicular lean muscle mass using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Hand grip strength and usual gait speed were also evaluated. Sarcopenia status was determined according to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Sarcopenia Project criteria and the SARC‐F questionnaire.ResultsEleven participants were sarcopenic (7.8%) according to the EWGSOP criteria, six (4.3%) according to FNIH conservative cut‐point guidelines, and 32.6% (n = 46) according to FNIH intermediate cut‐points. Only 2 of 141 participants met criteria for sarcopenia according to all three guidelines. Sarcopenia was identified in 30 (21.3%) participants according to the SARC‐F questionnaire. Sensitivity of the SARC‐F with consensus panel definitions ranged from 18.2% to 33.3%. Specificity ranged from 78.7% to 81.1%.ConclusionCurrent consensus criteria from the EWGSOP and FNIH Sarcopenia Project do not agree and have little overlap in older female long‐term care residents. The SARC‐F questionnaire is a simple tool that could be implemented in long‐term care, but it has low sensitivity compared with current consensus guidelines in the identification of sarcopenic individuals.
Treatment‐associated symptoms and coping of postoperative patients with lung cancer in Japan: Development of a model of factors influencing hope
Authors: Bando Takae , Onishi Chiemi , Imai Yoshie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimPostoperative patients with lung cancer have a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis; hence, it was aimed to identify the factors affecting hope to develop a care‐oriented perspective that focuses on the levels of hope of postoperative patients with lung cancer.MethodsIn the study, postoperative patients with lung cancer were included and data were collected for treatment‐related symptoms, coping, and support‐related factors as the primary variables. The Herth Hope Index, Quality of Life Questionnaire Lung Cancer Module of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, Japanese version of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations, and Social Support Scale for Cancer Patients were used.ResultsFor the 82 patients that were included in this study, 55% of the variance in the level of hope was explained by using a model that included the following: (i) symptoms of dyspnea, sore mouth, and chest pain; (ii) support, including satisfaction with postoperative symptom control by healthcare providers, satisfaction with the amount of information provided by healthcare providers, and the level of trust in the nurses during treatment and recovery; and (iii) task‐oriented and social diversion coping behaviors.ConclusionAs a result of this study, the support‐related factors had no direct influence on hope, but they did have a significantly negative influence on the treatment‐related symptoms, with improved symptoms also influencing hope.
Comparative study of image contrast in scanning electron microscope and helium ion microscope
Authors: O'CONNELL R. , CHEN Y. , ZHANG H. , ZHOU Y. , FOX D. , MAGUIRE P. , WANG J.J. , RODENBURG C. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryImages of Ga+‐implanted amorphous silicon layers in a 110 n‐type silicon substrate have been collected by a range of detectors in a scanning electron microscope and a helium ion microscope. The effects of the implantation dose and imaging parameters (beam energy, dwell time, etc.) on the image contrast were investigated. We demonstrate a similar relationship for both the helium ion microscope Everhart‐Thornley and scanning electron microscope Inlens detectors between the contrast of the images and the Ga+ density and imaging parameters. These results also show that dynamic charging effects have a significant impact on the quantification of the helium ion microscope and scanning electron microscope contrast.
Stress and ways of coping among nurse managers: An integrative review
Authors: Labrague Leodoro J , McEnroe‐Petitte Denise M , Leocadio Michael C , Van Bogaert Peter , Cummings Greta G 
Published: November 2017

Aims and objectivesTo appraise and synthesise empirical studies examining sources of occupational stress and ways of coping utilised by nurse managers when dealing with stress.BackgroundThe Nurse Manager's role is challenging yet draining and stressful and has adverse consequences on an individual's overall health and well‐being, patients’ outcomes and organisational productivity. Considerable research has been carried out; however, an updated and broader perspective on this critical organisational issue has not been performed.DesignAn integrative review.MethodsFive databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SCOPUS, PubMed, PsychINFO and MEDLINE) were searched to identify relevant articles. Search terms and MeSH terms included: “charge nurse,” “coping,” “coping strategy,” “coping style,” “psychological adaptation,” “psychological stress,” “stressors,” “nurse manager” and “unit manager.” Twenty‐two articles were included in this review. Reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses statement guidelines.ResultsFour themes were identified: moderate stress levels, common sources of stress, ways of coping and the impact of nurses’ characteristics on stress.ConclusionsNurse managers experienced moderate levels of stress mainly from heavy workloads, lack of resources and financial responsibilities. Enhancing social support and promoting job control were seen as important in reducing work stress and its related consequences. Additional studies using a more rigorous method and a larger sample size preferably in multicultural settings would shed more light on this topic.Relevance to clinical practiceHospital and nurse administrators play an important role in promoting supportive structures for daily professional practice for nurse managers through staffing, organisational resources, support services, leadership and stress management training.