bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological sensitivity of reflexive and nonreflexive outcomes as a correlate of the sensory and affective responses to visceral pain in mice
Authors: de la Puente Beatriz , Zamanillo Daniel , Romero Luz , Vela José M. , Merlos Manuel , Portillo-Salido Enrique 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPain encompasses both sensory and affective dimensions which can be differentially modulated by drugs. Here, we compare the pharmacological sensitivity of the sensory and affective responses using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhings (sensory-reflexive outcome) and acetic acid-induced depression of reward seeking behaviour (RSB, affective-nonreflexive outcome) to a highly palatable food in mice. We found that the expression of RSB critically depends on factors such as sex and previous knowledge and type of the food stimulus. Intraperitoneal administration of acetic acid (iAA) produced a long-lasting (beyond the resolution of writhing behaviour) and concentration-dependent decrease on both appetitive-approach and consummatory dimensions of RSB. Ibuprofen and diclofenac were much more potent in reversing AA-induced changes in RSB: latency to eat (ED50 = 2 and 0.005 mg/kg, intraperinoneally, respectively) and amount consumed (ED50 = 11 and 0.1 mg/kg) than in AA-induced writhing (ED50 = 123 and 60 mg/kg). Morphine and duloxetine inhibited the writhing response (ED50 = 0.8 and 6 mg/kg, respectively) but not the AA-induced changes in RSB. Caffeine was ineffective in both AA-induced writhing and RSB changes. Overall, this study characterized a preclinical mouse model of hedonic deficits induced by pain that can be used to assess affective responses as well as complementary classic reflexive approaches in the evaluation of candidate analgesics.
Task demands, tDCS intensity, and the COMT val158met polymorphism impact tDCS-linked working memory training gains
Authors: Stephens Jaclyn A. , Jones Kevin T. , Berryhill Marian E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWorking memory (WM) training paired with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can improve executive function in older adults. The unclear mechanism of tDCS likely depends on tDCS intensity, and task relevant genetic factors (e.g., for WM: COMT val158met, DAT, BDNF val66met). Higher tDCS intensity does not always lead to greater cognitive gains, and genetic polymorphisms may modulate tDCS-linked WM improvements. To evaluate these factors, 137 healthy older adults provided DNA samples and received Visual and Spatial WM training paired with tDCS (sham, 1, 1.5, 2 mA). After one session of tDCS, significant group differences in WM performance were predicted by COMT val158met status. One month after training, there was a significant interaction of tDCS intensity, COMT genotype, and WM task. Specifically, val/val homozygotes benefited most from 1.5 mA tDCS on Visual WM and from 1 mA tDCS on Spatial WM. For met/met homozygotes, 2 mA resulted in significantly poorer performance compared to 1.5 mA on Spatial WM. While this pattern was observed with relatively small sample sizes, these data indicate that variations in COMT val158met may predict the nature of WM improvement after initial and longitudinal tDCS. This contributes to our understanding of the underlying mechanism by which tDCS affects behaviour.
Use of PIXE/PIGE for sequential Ca and F measurements in root carious model
Authors: Yagi K. , Yamamoto H. , Uemura R. , Matsuda Y. , Okuyama K. , Ishimoto T. , Nakano T. , Hayashi M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe progress of caries has conventionally been evaluated by checking changes in mineral density using transverse microradiography (TMR). Recent advances have seen development of a new measurement system, using in-air micro proton induced X-ray/gamma-ray emission (PIXE/PIGE). PIXE/PIGE enables analysis of distributions and concentrations of multiple mineral elements in a carious lesion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PIXE/PIGE for investigating the development of root caries. In summary, we successfully established a multi-elemental sequential measuring method using in-air micro-PIXE/PIGE to identify the dynamic distributions and concentrations of Ca and F in human root dentin. The PIXE/PIGE potentially offers a useful advantageous technique for studying carious development by using as a combination with conventional techniques such as TMR and Micro-computed tomography (µCT).
Exercise and high-fat feeding remodel transcript-metabolite interactive networks in mouse skeletal muscle
Authors: Pérez-Schindler Joaquín , Kanhere Aditi , Edwards Lindsay , Allwood J. William , Dunn Warwick B. , Schenk Simon , Philp Andrew 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEnhanced coverage and sensitivity of next-generation ‘omic’ platforms has allowed the characterization of gene, metabolite and protein responses in highly metabolic tissues, such as, skeletal muscle. A limitation, however, is the capability to determine interaction between dynamic biological networks. To address this limitation, we applied Weighted Analyte Correlation Network Analysis (WACNA) to RNA-seq and metabolomic datasets to identify correlated subnetworks of transcripts and metabolites in response to a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and/or exercise. HFD altered skeletal muscle lipid profiles and up-regulated genes involved in lipid catabolism, while decreasing 241 exercise-responsive genes related to skeletal muscle plasticity. WACNA identified the interplay between transcript and metabolite subnetworks linked to lipid metabolism, inflammation and glycerophospholipid metabolism that were associated with IL6, AMPK and PPAR signal pathways. Collectively, this novel experimental approach provides an integrative resource to study transcriptional and metabolic networks in skeletal muscle in the context of health and disease.
Time–frequency analysis of PD‐induced UHF signal in GIS and feature extraction using invariant moments
Authors: Li Xi , Wang Xiaohua , Xie Dingli , Wang Xinqiao , Yang Aijun , Rong Mingzhe 
Published: October 2017

The ultra‐high‐frequency (UHF) method is efficient in partial discharges (PDs) detection in gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS). The features extraction of UHF signals is significant for propagation characteristics analysis and PD pattern classification. The PD‐induced UHF signals are acquired by the internal UHF sensors in an actual 252 kV L‐shaped GIS. The short‐time Fourier transform method is applied to process UHF signals and describe the propagation characteristics in L‐shaped GIS. Hu's invariant moments of energy density distribution are extracted as features in time–frequency plane. The features are utilised to discriminate different PD defect patterns in actual GIS model by the support vector machine classifier and achieve good results. Finally, a novel system of features extraction and classification of UHF signals is summarised.
The chromosphere above a δ-sunspot in the presence of fan-shaped jets
Authors: Robustini Carolina , Leenaarts Jorrit , de la Cruz Rodríguez Jaime 
Published: October 2017

Context. Delta-sunspots are known to be favourable locations for fast and energetic events like flares and coronal mass ejections. The photosphere of this sunspot type has been thoroughly investigated in the past three decades. The atmospheric conditions in the chromosphere are not as well known, however.
Aims. This study is focused on the chromosphere of a δ-sunspot that harbours a series of fan-shaped jets in its penumbra. The aim of this study is to establish the magnetic field topology and the temperature distribution in the presence of jets in the photosphere and the chromosphere.
Methods. We use data from the Swedish 1m Solar Telescope (SST) and the Solar Dynamics Observatory. We invert the spectropolarimetric Fe i 6302 Å and Ca ii 8542 Å data from the SST using the non-LTE inversion code NICOLE to estimate the magnetic field configuration, temperature, and velocity structure in the chromosphere.
Results. A loop-like magnetic structure is observed to emerge in the penumbra of the sunspot. The jets are launched from this structure. Magnetic reconnection between this emerging field and the pre-existing vertical field is suggested by hot plasma patches on the interface between the two fields. The height at which the reconnection takes place is located between log τ500 = −2 and log τ500 = −3. The magnetic field vector and the atmospheric temperature maps show a stationary configuration during the whole observation.
Fatal Basilar Aneurysm Rupture 6 Months Following Pipeline Flow Diversion Treatment
Authors: Pikis Stylianos , Petrosyan Tigran , Archontakis Eftychios , Arealis Georgios 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background Very delayed aneurysmal rupture represents a rare, poorly understood, catastrophic complication of intracranial aneurysm flow diversion (FD) treatment.
Case Description A 48-year-old woman presented to the neurosurgical clinic for an elective admission 6-month post-FD treatment with a single pipeline embolization device (PED) treatment of a fusiform, large, midbasilar artery aneurysm. During her admission, the patient suffered a tonic-clonic seizure and collapsed. She was intubated and transferred for an urgent computed tomographic scan of the brain, which revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage and hydrocephalus. She was subsequently transferred to the operating room where an external ventricular drain was placed. Urgent diagnostic cerebral angiography revealed rupture of the previously treated aneurysm which was managed with deployment of a second PED and coil embolization of the right vertebral artery. Unfortunately, the patient succumbed to the disease 15 days later.
Conclusion The pathophysiologic mechanism responsible for delayed aneurysmal rupture post-FD treatment remains to be defined and may involve an acute rise in intra-aneurysmal pressures in a partially thrombosed aneurysm, continued hemodynamic stress on the aneurysmal wall due to persistent blood inflow, and thrombus-induced inflammation-mediated degradation the aneurysmal wall. Further clinical and anatomical studies are necessary to define the mechanisms responsible for delayed aneurysm ruptures and identify appropriate preventive measures.
Die Empfehlungen der S2k-Leitlinie zur Diagnostik, Therapie und Metaphylaxe der Urolithiasis bilden einen sicheren Handlungskorridor für die ureterorenoskopische Steintherapie – Ergebnisse der BUSTER-Studie
Authors: Lebentrau Steffen , May Matthias , Ziegler Heiko , Werthemann Peter , Enzmann Thomas , Schostak Martin , Porsch Markus ,   BUSTER-Studiengruppe
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Angesichts der hohen Inzidenz, Prävalenz und Rezidivrate der Urolithiasis sollte die Steintherapie bei hoher Steinfreiheitsrate komplikationsarm sein. Die deutsche S2k-Leitlinie zur Diagnostik, Therapie und Metaphylaxe der Urolithiasis (DS2k-LL) gibt abhängig von Steinlage und -größe Empfehlungen der ersten und zweiten Wahl für die Steintherapie. Als Therapie der ersten Wahl kommt für die meisten Steine die Ureterorenoskopie (URS) in Betracht, nur bei Nierensteinen > 20 mm und proximalen Harnleitersteinen ≤ 10 mm ist die URS Option der zweiten Wahl. Studienziel war, den Einfluss des Einsatzes der URS als Therapie der ersten bzw. zweiten Wahl auf die Endpunkte Steinfreiheit und Komplikationsschwere zu prüfen.
Material und Methoden Die multizentrische prospektive Beobachtungsstudie „Bewertung der ureterorenoskopischen Steintherapie – Ergebnisse hinsichtlich Komplikationen, Lebensqualität und Steinfreiheitsrate“ (BUSTER) erfasste von Januar bis April 2015 an 14 deutschen urologischen Kliniken standardisiert perioperative Daten von 307 Patienten mit Steintherapie durch URS. Therapieentscheidungen wurden durch das Studienprotokoll nicht beeinflusst.
Ergebnisse Univariat betrachtet wurde bei Uretersteinen signifikant häufiger Steinfreiheit erreicht, wenn die URS Therapie der ersten Wahl war (OR 2,21; 95 %-KI 1,11 – 4,40; p = 0,027). Adjustiert um Alter, BMI, ASA-Score, präoperative Harnleiterschienung, Steinlage und -größe, Vorhandensein multipler Steine, Erfahrung des Operateurs, akute bzw. elektive URS sowie OP-Zeit hatte die Anwendung der URS als Therapie der ersten Wahl keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Steinfreiheitsrate (OR 2,048; 95 %-KI 0,890 – 4,710; p = 0,092). Adjustiert um Steinlage und -größe sowie Harnleiterschienung nach URS hatte die Anwendung der URS als Therapie der ersten Wahl keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Komplikationsschwere (OR 1,019; 95 %-KI 0,347 – 2,993; p = 0,973).
Schlussfolgerung Die URS erwies sich anhand unserer Daten unabhängig vom Grad der Leitlinienkonformität als sicheres und effektives Steintherapieverfahren. Wenngleich bei URS als Therapie der ersten Wahl häufiger Steinfreiheit erreicht wurde, waren die Ergebnisse bei URS als Therapie der zweiten Wahl nicht signifikant schlechter. Die Empfehlungen der DS2k-LL bilden somit einen sicheren Handlungskorridor für die ureterorenoskopische Steintherapie. Die Tendenz zu höheren Steinfreiheitsraten bei URS als Therapie der ersten Wahl sollte durch weitere Studien geprüft werden.
Identification of a tumor-promoter cholesterol metabolite in human breast cancers acting through the glucocorticoid receptor
Authors: Voisin Maud , de Medina Philippe , Mallinger Arnaud , Dalenc Florence , Huc-Claustre Emilie , Leignadier Julie , Serhan Nizar , Soules Régis , Ségala Grégory , Mougel Aurélie , Noguer Emmanuel , Mhamdi Loubna , Bacquié Elodie , Iuliano Luigi , Zerbinati Chiara , Lacroix-Triki Magali , Chaltiel Léonor , Filleron Thomas , Cavaillès Vincent , Al Saati Talal , Rochaix Philippe , Duprez-Paumier Raphaelle , Franchet Camille , Ligat Laetitia , Lopez Fréderic , Record Michel , Poirot Marc , Silvente-Poirot Sandrine 
Published: October 2017

Significance
Cholesterol and its transformation into cholesterol-5,6-epoxides (5,6-EC) was long suspected as contributing to breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis, before it was found that 5,6-EC metabolism controls BC development and is deregulated in breast cancers. Herein, we studied in tumor cells and human samples how 5,6-EC metabolism deregulation promotes tumor progression. We have discovered a pathway in BCs producing an oncometabolite derived from 5,6-EC, through the action of the cortisol-inactivating enzyme, and identified the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) as the target mediating its proliferative effects. Inhibition of its production or GR significantly blocked its action on BC progression. Thus, targeting this oncometabolism and GR represents a new opportunity for therapeutic intervention in BCs and potentially other cancers presenting such deregulations.
Local and Global Spatial Organization of Interaural Level Difference and Frequency Preferences in Auditory Cortex
Authors: Panniello Mariangela , King Andrew J , Dahmen Johannes C , Walker Kerry M M 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDespite decades of microelectrode recordings, fundamental questions remain about how auditory cortex represents sound-source location. Here, we used in vivo 2-photon calcium imaging to measure the sensitivity of layer II/III neurons in mouse primary auditory cortex (A1) to interaural level differences (ILDs), the principal spatial cue in this species. Although most ILD-sensitive neurons preferred ILDs favoring the contralateral ear, neurons with either midline or ipsilateral preferences were also present. An opponent-channel decoder accurately classified ILDs using the difference in responses between populations of neurons that preferred contralateral-ear-greater and ipsilateral-ear-greater stimuli. We also examined the spatial organization of binaural tuning properties across the imaged neurons with unprecedented resolution. Neurons driven exclusively by contralateral ear stimuli or by binaural stimulation occasionally formed local clusters, but their binaural categories and ILD preferences were not spatially organized on a more global scale. In contrast, the sound frequency preferences of most neurons within local cortical regions fell within a restricted frequency range, and a tonotopic gradient was observed across the cortical surface of individual mice. These results indicate that the representation of ILDs in mouse A1 is comparable to that of most other mammalian species, and appears to lack systematic or consistent spatial order.
Generational comparisons (F1 versus F3) of vinclozolin induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of sperm differential DNA methylation regions (epimutations) using MeDIP-Seq
Authors: Beck Daniel , Sadler-Riggleman Ingrid , Skinner Michael K. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Environmentally induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease and phenotypic variation has been shown to involve DNA methylation alterations in the germline (e.g. sperm). These differential DNA methylation regions (DMRs) are termed epimutations and in part transmit the transgenerational phenotypes. The agricultural fungicide vinclozolin exposure of a gestating female rat has previously been shown to promote transgenerational disease and epimutations in F3 generation (great-grand-offspring) animals. The current study was designed to investigate the actions of direct fetal exposure on the F1 generation rat sperm DMRs compared to the F3 transgenerational sperm DMRs. A protocol involving methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) followed by next-generation sequencing (Seq) was used in the current study. Bioinformatics analysis of the MeDIP-Seq data was developed and several different variations in the bioinformatic analysis were evaluated. Observations indicate needs to be considered. Interestingly, the F1 generation DMRs were found to be fewer in number and for the most part distinct from the F3 generation epimutations. Observations suggest the direct exposure induced F1 generation sperm DMRs appear to promote in subsequent generations alterations in the germ cell developmental programming that leads to the distinct epimutations in the F3 generation. This may help explain the differences in disease and phenotypes between the direct exposure F1 generation and transgenerational F3 generation. Observations demonstrate a distinction between the direct exposure versus transgenerational epigenetic programming induced by environmental exposures and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance phenomenon.
Bringing the Message Home: Can Writing to Offenders Influence Their Offending?†
Authors: Dawson Paul , Dangerfield Beth 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The aim of this article was to explore the utility of ‘Nudge’ in a crime reduction context through the design of two letter variants focussing predominantly upon levels of personalization. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design (176 individuals versus 183 comparisons matched on key crime and demographic variables). The study outcomes focussed upon levels of offending, speed of offending, and location of offending—in the 6 months subsequent to receipt of letter. The results were mixed with no clear narrative: some individuals to receive a letter were slightly less likely to offend, others offended quicker, in some there appeared to be a potential delay in their offending and others offended further away from their home area. The results are discussed—in particular—on the wider appropriateness of the Nudge theory within such a complex context as reoffending alongside wider reflections around implementation and evidence-based learning.
Comparison of Extended Depth-of-Focus Prototype Contact Lenses With the 1-Day ACUVUE MOIST MULTIFOCAL After One Week of Wear
Authors: Sha Jennifer , Tilia Daniel , Kho Danny , Diec Jennie , Thomas Varghese , Bakaraju Ravi C. 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:
To compare visual performance of extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) prototypes with a new, center-near, commercial, multifocal contact lens.

Methods:
Presbyopic participants (n=57) wore 1-Day ACUVUE MOIST MULTIFOCAL (1DAMM) and an EDOF prototype for one week in a double-masked, prospective, cross-over, randomized clinical trial. Manufacturers' guide was used to select the first pair of lens to be fit based on subjective distance refraction and near addition. After one week, high- and low-contrast visual acuities were measured at distance (6 m), intermediate (70 cm) and near (50 and 40 cm), and stereopsis at 40 cm. Subjective performance was assessed on a 1 to 10 numeric rating scale for vision clarity and lack of ghosting at distance, intermediate and near, vision stability, haloes at night time, overall vision satisfaction, and ocular comfort. Linear mixed models were used for analysis and the level of significance was set at 5%.

Results:
1DAMM was not significantly different from EDOF for high- or low-contrast visual acuity at any distance, or for stereopsis. Subjectively, EDOF was significantly better than 1DAMM for vision clarity at intermediate (P=0.033) and near (P<0.001), overall lack of ghosting (P=0.012), vision stability (P=0.004), and overall vision satisfaction (P=0.005). For all other subjective variables, there were no differences between EDOF and 1DAMM (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
EDOF prototype lenses offer improvements over the newly marketed 1DAMM lenses for several subjective variables.
Lid-Parallel Conjunctival Folds and Their Ability to Predict Dry Eye
Authors: Pult Heiko , Bandlitz Stefan 
Published: October 2017

Purpose:
The observation of lid-parallel conjunctival folds (LIPCOF) is reported to be useful in dry eye diagnoses. Around 70% of the European clinicians use this test in a dry eye clinic. This study investigated the sensitivity and specificity of LIPCOF to predict dry eye.

Methods:
Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) outcome, noninvasive break-up time (NIKBUT) using the Keratograph (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany), and LIPCOF of 148 randomized selected patient reports (88 females; mean age=37.0±12.9 years) from 3 different sites were analyzed. Subjects were divided into dry eye and non-dry eye groups by OSDI only, named symptomatic dry eye (OSDI scores ≥15) and by a composite score (OSDI scores ≥15 and NIKBUTaverage of ≤9 sec).

Results:
Lid-parallel conjunctival folds (temporal, nasal, Sum [=temporal+nasal]) were significantly correlated to OSDI and to NIKBUTaverage (Spearman; r>−0.185, P<0.013). NIKBUTaverage (r=−0.322; P<0.001) was significantly correlated to OSDI scores. Based on the OSDI questionnaire, 37.2% of the subjects were symptomatic and 14.7% were positive for dry eye based on the composite score. Lid-parallel conjunctival folds were a significant discriminator between healthy and dry eye subjects (P≤0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for temporal LIPCOF, nasal LIPCOF, and LIPCOF Sum were 0.716, 0.737, and 0.771, respectively, for the symptomatic dry eye group and 0.771, 0.719, and 0.798, respectively, for the composite dry eye group.

Conclusions:
As LIPCOF demonstrated high predictive ability of dry eye; it appears to be a promising test in the diagnoses of dry eye.