bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between Maternal Water Consumption and Birth Defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (2000–2005)
Authors: Alman Breanna L. , Coffman Evan , Siega‐Riz Anna Maria , Luben Thomas J. ,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: October 2016

BackgroundWater and water‐based beverages constitute a major part of daily fluid intake for pregnant women, yet few epidemiologic studies have investigated the role of water consumption on birth outcomes.MethodsWe used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study to conduct a case–control study investigating associations between maternal water consumption during pregnancy and birth defects (BD). We used interview data on water consumption during the first trimester of pregnancy in 14,454 cases (major BDs n ≥ 50) and 5,063 controls. Total water consumption was analyzed as a continuous variable and in quartiles. We evaluated the role of dietary quality and sugar sweetened beverage consumption. Logistic regression models were used to assess effects of water consumption on risk of BDs with adjustment for relevant covariates.ResultsMean daily maternal water consumption among controls was 4.4 eight‐ounce glasses. We observed decreases in estimated risk associated with increases in water consumption for several BDs, including neural tube defects (spina bifida), oral clefts (cleft lip), musculoskeletal defects (gastroschisis, limb deficiencies), and congenital heart defects (hypoplastic left heart syndrome, right‐sided obstructions, pulmonary valve stenosis). Our results were generally unchanged when an indicator for overall dietary quality was included; however, there was evidence of effect measure modification by heavy consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages for some defects, but not all.ConclusionThese analyses suggest the importance of sufficient water consumption during early pregnancy, above and beyond it being a marker of higher diet quality. Additional analyses are warranted to understand the biological mechanism for this association. Birth Defects Research 109:193–202, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cajal body function in genome organization and transcriptome diversity
Authors: Sawyer Iain A. , Sturgill David , Sung Myong‐Hee , Hager Gordon L. , Dundr Miroslav 
Published: October 2016

Nuclear bodies contribute to non‐random organization of the human genome and nuclear function. Using a major prototypical nuclear body, the Cajal body, as an example, we suggest that these structures assemble at specific gene loci located across the genome as a result of high transcriptional activity. Subsequently, target genes are physically clustered in close proximity in Cajal body‐containing cells. However, Cajal bodies are observed in only a limited number of human cell types, including neuronal and cancer cells. Ultimately, Cajal body depletion perturbs splicing kinetics by reducing target small nuclear RNA (snRNA) transcription and limiting the levels of spliceosomal snRNPs, including their modification and turnover following each round of RNA splicing. As such, Cajal bodies are capable of shaping the chromatin interaction landscape and the transcriptome by influencing spliceosome kinetics. Future studies should concentrate on characterizing the direct influence of Cajal bodies upon snRNA gene transcriptional dynamics.Also see the video abstract here.
Asymmetric Catalytic Syntheses of Pharmaceutically Important β‐Amino‐α‐Hydroxyl Esters by Enantioselective Aminolysis of Methyl Phenylglycidate
Authors: Tak Rajkumar , Kumar Manish , Menapara Tusharkumar , Choudhary Manoj Kumar , Kureshy Rukhsana I. , Khan Noor‐ul H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractChiral macrocyclic CrIII salen complexes have been synthesized, characterized, and used as catalysts in the asymmetric aminolysis of aromatic ester epoxides with various anilines to prepare the β‐amino‐α‐hydroxyl esters in very good yield (up to 95 %) along with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity (dr>99/1, ee up to 96 %) under the optimized condition particularly with CrIII complex 4, which was effectively recycled four times.
Basicity of Very Weak Bases in 1,2‐Dichloroethane
Authors: Kaupmees Karl , Järviste Robert , Leito Ivo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe basicity scale of very weak bases has been set up in 1,2‐dichloroethane to give, for the first time, reliable quantitative insights into the basic properties of weak bases in a low‐polarity solvent. The scale contains 30 compounds, including anilines; phosphanes, and carbonyl bases, such as esters and amides, linked by 53 relative basicity measurements. The scale spans more than 12 pKip units, expanding to as low pKip values as possible with our current experimental methodology.
A Cascade “Prins‐Pinacol‐Type Rearrangement and C4‐OBn Participation” on Carbohydrate Substrates: Synthesis of Bridged Tricyclic Ketals, Annulated Sugars and C2‐Branched Heptoses
Authors: Rajasekaran Parasuraman , Singh Govind Pratap , Hassam Mohammad , Vankar Yashwant D. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA “Prins pinacol type rearrangement followed by C4‐OBn participation” in a cascade manner has been observed while probing the fate of carbocation in some carbohydrate derived homoallylic alcohols in the Prins reaction. This has led to an easy access to tetrahydrofuran‐fused bridged bicyclic ketals (or tetrahydrofuran‐fused 1,6‐anhydro‐heptopyranose frameworks) which are further converted into some annulated sugars and C2‐branched heptoses.
Development of CAMD based on the hybrid gene algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm and the application on solvent selection
Authors: Liu Botan , Wen Yantong , Zhang Xuegang 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this paper, an evolutionary approach, improved CAMD based on the hybrid gene algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm (GASA), is developed. The new approach combines the feature of GA and SA, avoiding the problem of prematurity. With a new category strategy of candidate groups from the Mod UNIFAC group database adopted, a repair operator is introduced to guarantee the integrity of randomly generated molecules and thus the search of straight chain alkane as well as cyclane solutions can be performed together. The properties of molecules are obtained by the group contribution method. An example of extractive solvent selection for a methanol‐methyl acetate system has been illustrated in detail to further explain the method. The stability as well as other properties of the molecules which the authors think important is considered in the fitness function. Results of the example show that the fitness ranking values are better than those in the literature. The CAMD method in this paper can be used in practical chemical processes.
Combined Post‐ and Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Rezaee Michael E. , Nichols Elizabeth L. , Sidhu Mandeep , Brown Jeremiah R. 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a well‐recognized complication of left ventricular heart failure (HF).HypothesisDifferences exist in demographic, clinical, hemodynamic, and survival characteristics of patients with left ventricular HF who have combined postcapillary and precapillary PH (CpcPH), isolated postcapillary PH, or no PH.MethodsA secondary data analysis was conducted using a large prospective database of patients undergoing right heart catheterization from 1994 to 2012. One‐year mortality postcatheterization was assessed between PH groups using Kaplan‐Meier and log‐rank techniques, as well as a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mortality rates were calculated for each group as deaths per 100 person‐years.ResultsOf the 724 patients identified, 29.4% (n = 213) had no evidence of PH, 63.1% (n = 457) had isolated postcapillary PH, and 7.5% (n = 54) had CpcPH. Compared with no PH, there was an increased mortality rate within 1 year for CpcPH patients (crude hazard ratio: 5.22, 95% confidence interval: 2.06‐13.22), but not for isolated postcapillary PH patients (crude hazard ratio: 2.12, 95% confidence interval: 0.99‐4.57). Adjusted analyses revealed similar results. Mortality rates per 100 person‐years were 3.9, 8.4, and 21.0 for no PH, isolated postcapillary PH, and CpcPH patients, respectively.ConclusionsHeart failure patients with CpcPH are associated with increased death rate 1 year post–cardiac catheterization, compared with patients without PH. They are a high‐risk PH group and should be evaluated and diagnosed earlier in the disease state.
Narrative Changes Predict a Decrease in Symptoms in CBT for Depression: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Gonçalves Miguel M. , Silva Joana Ribeiro , Mendes Inês , Rosa Catarina , Ribeiro António P. , Batista João , Sousa Inês , Fernandes Carlos F. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveInnovative moments (IMs) are new and more adjusted ways of thinking, acting, feeling and relating that emerge during psychotherapy. Previous research on IMs has provided sustainable evidence that IMs differentiate recovered from unchanged psychotherapy cases. However, studies with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) are so far absent. The present study tests whether IMs can be reliably identified in CBT and examines if IMs and symptoms' improvement are associated.MethodsThe following variables were assessed in each session from a sample of six cases of CBT for depression (a total of 111 sessions): (a) symptomatology outcomes (Outcome Questionnaire—OQ‐10) and (b) IMs. Two hierarchical linear models were used: one to test whether IMs predicted a symptom decrease in the next session and a second one to test whether symptoms in one session predicted the emergence of IMs in the next session.ResultsInnovative moments were better predictors of symptom decrease than the reverse. A higher proportion of a specific type of IMs—reflection 2—in one session predicted a decrease in symptoms in the next session. Thus, when clients further elaborated this type of IM (in which clients describe positive contrasts or elaborate on changes processes), a reduction in symptoms was observed in the next session.DiscussionA higher expression and elaboration of reflection 2 IMs appear to have a facilitative function in the reduction of depressive symptoms in this sample of CBT. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Elaborating innovative moments (IMs) that are new ways of thinking, feeling, behaving and relating, in the therapeutic dialogue, may facilitate change.
IMs that are more predictive of amelioration of symptoms in CBT are the ones focused on contrasts between former problematic patterns and new adjusted ones; and the ones in which the clients elaborate on processes of change.
Therapists may integrate these kinds of questions (centred on contrasts and centred on what allowed change from the client's perspective), in the usual CBT techniques.
When elaborating these IMs successfully, therapists may expect an improvement in symptoms in the next session of psychotherapy.
Use ofAtlanticForest protected areas by free‐ranging dogs: estimating abundance and persistence of use
Authors: Paschoal Ana Maria O. , Massara Rodrigo L. , Bailey Larissa L. , Kendall William L. , Doherty Paul F. , Hirsch André , Chiarello Adriano G. , Paglia Adriano P. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWorldwide, domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) are one of the most common carnivoran species in natural areas and their populations are still increasing. Dogs have been shown to impact wildlife populations negatively, and their occurrence can alter the abundance, behavior, and activity patterns of native species. However, little is known about abundance and density of the free‐ranging dogs that use protected areas. Here, we used camera trap data with an open‐robust design mark–recapture model to estimate the number of dogs that used protected areas in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We estimated the time period these dogs used the protected areas, and explored factors that influenced the probability of continued use (e.g., season, mammal richness, proportion of forest), while accounting for variation in detection probability. Dogs in the studied system were categorized as rural free‐ranging, and their abundance varied widely across protected areas (0–73 individuals). Dogs used protected areas near human houses for longer periods (e.g., >50% of sampling occasions) compared to more distant areas. We found no evidence that their probability of continued use varied with season or mammal richness. Dog detection probability decreased linearly among occasions, possibly due to the owners confining their dogs after becoming aware of our presence. Comparing our estimates to those for native carnivoran, we found that dogs were three to 85 times more abundant than ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), two to 25 times more abundant than puma (Puma concolor), and approximately five times more abundant than the crab‐eating fox (Cerdocyon thous). Combining camera trapping data with modern mark–recapture methods provides important demographic information on free‐ranging dogs that can guide management strategies to directly control dogs' abundance and ranging behavior.
Alternative Synthetic Route to Potassium Octacyanidoniobate(IV) and Its Molybdenum Congener
Authors: Handzlik Gabriela , Magott Michał , Sieklucka Barbara , Pinkowicz Dawid 
Published: October 2016

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Dawid Pinkowicz at Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland. The cover image shows the isostructural octacyanidoniobate(IV) and octacyanidomolybdate(IV) anions – building blocks for various magnetic molecular materials.
The effect of microenvironmental factors on the development of myeloma cells
Authors: Márk Ágnes , Varga Gergely , Timár Botond , Kriston Csilla , Szabó Orsolya , Deák Linda , Matolcsy András , Barna Gábor 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal B‐cell malignancy characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow and other tissues. Although there are several new therapies, MM remains fatal. The interaction between MM cells and the bone marrow microenvironment promotes drug resistance and cancer cells survival. In our present work, we compared the antigen expression pattern of normal and pathological PCs and investigated the possible connections between various surface receptors, adhesion molecules, and recurrent genetic aberrations. We showed that the expression of CD29, CD27, and CD81 is lower in MM cells than in normal PCs. We found correlation of chromosome 11 hyperdiploidity and the decrease of CD27 expression. We demonstrated that MM cells with CD20 positivity also have CD28 expression. Multiple myeloma patients with active CD29 showed better response to treatment. Our results suggest that these changes may result in an alteration of the interaction between stromal cell and MM cell facilitating cell survival and the development of a more aggressive and resistant phenotype.
Structural studies of G protein‐coupled receptors
Authors: Lu Mengjie , Wu Beili 
Published: October 2016

AbstractG protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest membrane protein family. These receptors sense a variety of signaling molecules, activate multiple intracellular signal pathways, and act as the targets of over 40% of marketed drugs. Recent progress on GPCR structural studies provides invaluable insights into the structure–function relationship of the GPCR superfamily, deepening our understanding about the molecular mechanisms of GPCR signal transduction. Here, we review recent breakthroughs on GPCR structure determination and the structural features of GPCRs, and take the structures of chemokine receptor CCR5 and purinergic receptors P2Y1R and P2Y12R as examples to discuss the importance of GPCR structures on functional studies and drug discovery. In addition, we discuss the prospect of GPCR structure‐based drug discovery. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(11):894–903, 2016
Mapping Engineering and Development Research Excellence in the UK: An Analysis of REF2014 Impact Case Studies
Authors: Robbins Peter T. , Wield David , Wilson Gordon 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFor the first time, the UK research evaluation system, known as the Research Excellence Framework, considered ‘measures’ of impact in the 2014 review. Here, we focus on impact case studies that had an engineering and international development orientation. We found that writers of impact case studies commonly chose to employ an ecological modernization (economic, environmental, and social value) discourse to shape value claims. We also found that the type of engineering and international development research that appears in impact case studies tends to be high tech, best‐with‐best, and exclusive, rather than low tech, humanitarian, and inclusive.
Understanding trust development in negotiations: An interdependent approach
Authors: Yao Jingjing , Zhang Zhi‐Xue , Brett Jeanne M. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryWhat affects the way that trust develops in negotiations? In two studies, we used an actor–partner interdependence model to investigate how both negotiators' trust propensity prior to the negotiation and two types of behavior during the negotiation affect negotiators' trust development. Study 1 demonstrated that both focal negotiators' (actors') and their counterparts' (partners') trust propensity were positively associated with negotiators' trust development. Study 2 showed that actors' and partners' trust propensity had an indirect effect on trust development via both actors' and partners' negotiation behaviors. Negotiators' trust propensity positively affected their use of Q&A (questions and answers about interests) and negatively affected their use of S&O (substantiation about positions and single‐issue offers). Actors and partners' negotiation behaviors in turn affected their own and their partners' trust development. Our studies propose and test a model to understand how negotiators' trust propensity and negotiation behaviors affect the development of trust in negotiation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Systematic review for surgical treatment of adult and adolescent laryngotracheal stenosis
Authors: Lewis Sean , Earley Marisa , Rosenfeld Richard , Silverman Joshua 
Published: October 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine if open surgical treatment options for adult and adolescent laryngotracheal stenosis are more successful than endoscopic procedures.Study DesignSystematic review.MethodsEmbase and MEDLINE were searched for publications on adult and adolescent patients (>13 years old) with laryngotracheal stenosis. Cause of stenosis (intubation, idiopathic, or trauma) and treatments (open laryngotracheal resection with anastomosis, open laryngotracheal reconstruction with expansion grafting, or endoscopic procedures) were included. Primary outcomes are decreased additional surgery performed and success of decannulation, if previously tracheostomy.ResultsThere were 297 abstracts reviewed, 104 articles selected for full‐text review, and 39 articles, with 834 pooled patients, included in the analysis. Patients who had an open procedure (resection with anastomosis or reconstruction with expansion grafting) had significantly different outcomes rates; 32% versus 38% (P<.001) received additional surgery and 89%and 83% (P<.001) were decannulated, respectively. For patients who had endoscopic repair, 44% received additional surgery, and 63% were decannulated. Patients with idiopathic stenosis were more likely to receive additional surgery than those with traumatic (54% vs. 25%) and intubation/tracheostomy etiologies (54% vs. 35%). Etiology of stenosis did affect decannulation rates, patients with intubation/tracheostomy etiology had decannulation rates of 88%, compared to traumatic etiologies (78%,P<.001) and idiopathic stenosis (63%,P<.001). Risk of bias did not impact study results and was assessed using a validated instrument, Methodological Index for Non‐randomized Studies criteria.ConclusionsPatients with adult laryngotracheal stenosis who undergo laryngotracheal resection with anastomosis receive less surgery compared to those who undergo endoscopic treatment or laryngotracheal reconstruction with augmentation/grafting. Patients with idiopathic stenosis are less likely to receive further surgery compared to those from trauma or intubation/tracheostomy, but have the lowest rate of decannulation.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 127:191–198, 2017
Thermal Characterization of “Comb‐Like” Block Copolymers Based on PCL Obtained by Combining ROP and RAFT Polymerizations
Authors: Ninago Mario D. , Ciolino Andrés E. , Villar Marcelo A. , De Freitas Augusto G.O. , Muraro Paulo I.R. , Giacomelli Cristiano 
Published: October 2016

SummaryIn this work we report the synthesis of poly(hydroxyethyl‐methacrylate‐graft‐polycaprolactone)‐block‐poly(caprolactone) copolymers, P(HEMA‐g‐PCL)‐b‐PCL, by combining ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) and reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer polymerization (RAFT). The successful synthesis of the targeted “comb‐like” block copolymers obtained was confirmed by 1H‐Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Size Exclusion Chromatography. Thermal behavior of the copolymers was studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and their thermal stability was investigated by modulated thermogravimetric analysis. In this sense, the “comb‐like” block copolymers exhibited controlled molar masses between 6,000 g/mol and 45,000 g/mol, and polydispersity indexes lower than 1.3. Besides, thermal analysis evidenced a noticeable reduction in the melting temperature compared with linear PCL homopolymer, as well as, in the activation energy for the degradation process.
Preparation of Modified Titanate Nanotubes and Its Application in Polyurethane Nanocomposites
Authors: Monteiro Wesley F. , dos Santos Claudia A. B. , Einloft Sandra , Oberson Michèle , Carone Carlos L. P. , Ligabue Rosane A. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThis work presents the preparation of modified titanates nanotubes with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TNT‐TEOS) and their use in the synthesis of TNT‐TEOS/polyurethane nanocomposite by in situ polymerization. The filler was added in a proportion of 1% (w/w) relative to the polyol weight. The TNT‐TEOS presented a specific surface area of 127 m2/g lower than that obtained for TNT (177 m2/g). The addition of TNT‐TEOS in a polyurethane matrix promoted an increase in thermal stability of the polymer when compared to the pure PU and in crystallinity as observed by increase in melting and crystallization enthalpies. This effect can be attributed to good filler dispersion into polymer matrix and the interaction between the filler and the soft segments of the polyurethane.
Oxygen Permeability of Nanocomposite‐Based Polyolefin Films
Authors: Fujiyama‐Novak Jane H. , Rufino Vivianne , Amaral Rafael A. , Habert A. Claudio , Borges Cristiano P. , Mano Bárbara 
Published: October 2016

SummaryPolyethylene and polypropylene are vastly employed for packaging due to their high versatility and low cost. However, their films are permeable at different degree to small molecules like gases and the use of additives improves the barrier properties. Therefore, the aim of this work is to investigate the effect of organically modified montmorillonite on oxygen transport properties of PE and PP films. Nanocomposites were prepared by means of polymer dissolution in organic solvent and subsequent nanoparticle addition at 3, 5 and 10% (w/w). Scanning electron microscopy images of the films indicate the presence of microcavities and some agglomerated nanoclay. On the other hand, X‐rays diffraction analysis shows clay in well‐dispersed state independent of polyolefin type. Enhancement of oxygen barrier is achieved, but this property is dependent on the nanoclay content, polyolefin type and film morphology.