bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory potential of aspergillus unguis SP51-EGY: TLR4-dependent effects & chemical diversity via Q-TOF LC-HRMS
Authors: Nasr Soad , Dawood Abdelhameed S. , Ibrahim Amal Mosad , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed S. , Fayad Walid , Abdelnaser Anwar , EL-Hady Faten K. Abd 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInflammation serves as an intricate defense mechanism for tissue repair. However, overactivation of TLR4-mediated inflammation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can lead to detrimental outcomes such as sepsis, acute lung injury, and chronic inflammation, often associated with cancer and autoimmune diseases. This study delves into the anti-inflammatory properties of “Aspergillus unguis isolate SP51-EGY” on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Through real-time qPCR, we assessed the expression levels of pivotal inflammatory genes, including iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, and IL-6. Remarkably, our fungal extracts significantly diminished NO production and showed noteworthy reductions in the mRNA expression levels of the aforementioned genes. Furthermore, while Nrf2 is typically associated with modulating inflammatory responses, our findings indicate that the anti-inflammatory effects of our extracts are not Nrf2-dependent. Moreover, the chemical diversity of the potent extract (B Sh F) was elucidated using Q-TOF LC-HRMS, identifying 54 compounds, some of which played vital roles in suppressing inflammation. Most notably, compounds like granisetron, fenofibrate, and umbelliprenin were found to downregulate TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 through the NF-κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, “Aspergillus unguis isolate SP51-EGY”, isolated from the Red Sea, Egypt, has been unveiled as a promising TLR4 inhibitor with significant anti-inflammatory potentials, presenting novel insights for their potential therapeutic use in inflammation.
Development of message passing-based graph convolutional networks for classifying cancer pathology reports
Authors: Yoon Hong-Jun , Klasky Hilda B. , Blanchard Andrew E. , Christian J. Blair , Durbin Eric B. , Wu Xiao-Cheng , Stroup Antoinette , Doherty Jennifer , Coyle Linda , Penberthy Lynne , Tourassi Georgia D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Applying graph convolutional networks (GCN) to the classification of free-form natural language texts leveraged by graph-of-words features (TextGCN) was studied and confirmed to be an effective means of describing complex natural language texts. However, the text classification models based on the TextGCN possess weaknesses in terms of memory consumption and model dissemination and distribution. In this paper, we present a fast message passing network (FastMPN), implementing a GCN with message passing architecture that provides versatility and flexibility by allowing trainable node embedding and edge weights, helping the GCN model find the better solution. We applied the FastMPN model to the task of clinical information extraction from cancer pathology reports, extracting the following six properties: main site, subsite, laterality, histology, behavior, and grade.

Results
We evaluated the clinical task performance of the FastMPN models in terms of micro- and macro-averaged F1 scores. A comparison was performed with the multi-task convolutional neural network (MT-CNN) model. Results show that the FastMPN model is equivalent to or better than the MT-CNN.

Conclusions
Our implementation revealed that our FastMPN model, which is based on the PyTorch platform, can train a large corpus (667,290 training samples) with 202,373 unique words in less than 3 minutes per epoch using one NVIDIA V100 hardware accelerator. Our experiments demonstrated that using this implementation, the clinical task performance scores of information extraction related to tumors from cancer pathology reports were highly competitive.
Social cure model: testing the link between identity centrality and body appreciation in diverse sexual orientation and gender identity groups
Authors: Komlenac Nikola , Stockburger Kristina , Birke Jennifer , Hochleitner Margarethe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The level of experienced sociocultural pressure to have an idealized body can vary depending on a person’s gender identity and sexual orientation. The current study explored whether differences in levels of body appreciation among people with different sexual orientations and gender identities vary because of differing levels of experienced pressure by in-group members and varying levels of experienced hostile behaviors because of their looks or body. Thereby, the study tests the social cure model, according to which high levels of identity centrality are associated with better mental health.

Methods
An online cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted with 1,587 people (51.3% cisgender women, 39.3% cisgender men, 9.5% non-binary; 52.9% identified as heterosexual, 27.7% identified as bisexual/pansexual, 11.2% identified as gay/lesbian, 8.2% identified as asexual/demi/queer; Mage = 32.9, SD = 12.6) from German-speaking countries. Variables were assessed with German-language versions of the Multidimensional and Multicomponent Measure of Social Identification, Body Appreciation Scale-2, the Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire, and the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4, revised. A manifest-path model was calculated.

Results
Non-binary persons reported lower levels of body appreciation than did cisgender men and sexual minority persons reported lower levels of body appreciation than did heterosexual persons. Furthermore, sexual minority persons experienced more hostile behaviors directed towards them because of their looks or body than did heterosexual persons. Similarly, non-binary persons experienced more hostile behaviors than did men. Non-binary persons were subjected to lower levels of in-group pressure than were men. Gay/lesbian persons and asexual persons were subjected to lower levels of in-group pressure than were heterosexual persons. More hostile behaviors and stronger in-group pressure were related to lower body appreciation. In cisgender women and men indirect links revealed associations between strong identity centrality and low levels of body appreciation through the mediator of high in-group pressure.

Conclusions
Data in sexual minority individuals or non-binary persons supported the social cure model, according to which persons can find support and validation for their looks and body from in-group members. In cisgender women and men, strong identification as a woman or man can be related to stronger in-group pressure and in turn to lower body appreciation.
Characterization of the angiomodulatory effects of Interleukin 11 cis- and trans-signaling in the retina
Authors: Liang Paula , Ness Jan , Rapp Julian , Boneva Stefaniya , Schwämmle Melanie , Jung Malte , Schlunck Günther , Agostini Hansjürgen , Bucher Felicitas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The IL-6 cytokine family, with its crucial and pleiotropic intracellular signaling pathway STAT3, is a promising target for treating vasoproliferative retinal diseases. Previous research has shown that IL-6 cis-signaling (via membrane-bound receptors) and trans-signaling (via soluble receptors) can have distinct effects on target cells, leading to their application in various disease treatments. While IL-6 has been extensively studied, less is known about the angiogenic effects of IL-11, another member of the IL-6 family, in the retina. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the effects of IL-11 on retinal angiogenesis.

Main text
In vitreous samples from proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients, elevated levels of IL-11Rα, but not IL-11, were detected. In vitro studies using vascular endothelial cells revealed distinct effects of cis- and trans-signaling: cis-signaling (IL-11 alone) had antiangiogenic effects, while trans-signaling (IL-11 + sIL-11Rα) had proangiogenic and pro-migratory effects. These differences can be attributed to their individual signaling responses and associated transcriptomic changes. Notably, no differences in cis- and trans-signaling were detected in primary mouse Müller cell cultures. STAT3 and STAT1 siRNA knockdown experiments revealed opposing effects on IL-11 signaling, with STAT3 functioning as an antiproliferative and proapoptotic player while STAT1 acts in opposition to STAT3. In vivo, both IL-11 and IL-11 + sIL-11Rα led to a reduction in retinal neovascularization. Immunohistochemical staining revealed Müller cell activation in response to treatment, suggesting that IL-11 affects multiple retinal cell types in vivo beyond vascular endothelial cells.

Conclusions
Cis- and trans-signaling by IL-11 have contrasting angiomodulatory effects on endothelial cells in vitro. In vivo, cis- and trans-signaling also influence Müller cells, ultimately determining the overall angiomodulatory impact on the retina, highlighting the intricate interplay between vascular and glial cells in the retina.
Secondary solid malignancies in long-term survivors after total body irradiation
Authors: Gruber Isabella , Wolff Daniel , Koelbl Oliver 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Total body irradiation (TBI)-based allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative treatment for selected patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Yet, secondary malignancies contribute to long-term morbidity and mortality with TBI potentially influencing these risks.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzed the cumulative incidences of secondary solid malignancies and precancerous lesions of 89 consecutive AML patients after TBI-based conditioning before 1st allo-HSCT between 2000 and 2016. TBI was performed with an average dose rate of 4 cGy/min and a twice-daily fractionation. Cause-specific hazard models analyzed risk factors for secondary malignancies/precancerous lesions and the competing risks of dying before developing secondary malignancies/precancerous lesions.

Results
The median patient age at TBI was 42.5 years (interquartile range, 32.5–51.2), while the median follow-up was 15.2 years (interquartile range, 13.0-18.2). Most patients received a myeloablative conditioning (MAC) containing 8 Gy (n = 47) and 12 Gy TBI (n = 11). Reduced-intensity regimens (RIC, 4 Gy TBI) were applied in 31 patients. Of note, patients receiving RIC were older than patients receiving MAC. The most common cancer types were non-squamous cell carcinomas (n = 14) after exclusion of a patient diagnosed with sarcoma within less than a year after TBI. The cumulative incidences of secondary malignancies and precancerous lesions were 8% (95%CI, 4–16), 14% (95%CI, 7–23), and 17% (95%CI, 9–27) at 10, 15 and 20 years, while the cumulative incidences of premature deaths were 59% (95%CI, 48–69), 59% (95%CI, 48–69), and 64% (95%CI, 49–76). In multivariate analyses, higher patient age at TBI was associated with lower rates of secondary malignancies/precancerous lesions, while higher patient age translated into a trend towards premature deaths (before patients could develop malignancies). Higher TBI doses, mainly applied in younger patients, translated into lower rates of secondary malignancies/precancerous lesions while lacking associations with mortality. Chronic GVHD requiring systemic immunosuppression was associated with premature deaths.

Conclusions
Although this study indicates an inverse relationship between TBI doses applied and treatment-related malignancies, confounding by competing risks is present. The age dependency may be explained by the fact that older patients had a lower life expectancy independent of malignancies, illustrating the pitfalls of competing risks.

Trial registration
The study was retrospectively registered.
Assessing the predictive efficacy of noninvasive liver fibrosis indices and portal vein diameter in predicting esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Lin Xiaoxiao , Lan Qiaoli , Liu Ya , Dong Xiuli , Wu Lecan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of noninvasive serum liver fibrosis markers and portal vein diameter (PVD) in predicting the occurrence of esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) in patients with cirrhosis.

Methods
A cohort comprising 102 individuals diagnosed with cirrhosis was divided into two groups: the P group (without EVB) and the PE group (with EVB). We conducted a comprehensive analysis comparing various noninvasive serum liver fibrosis indices, the Child-Pugh classification, ratios of aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB-4), PVD, and spleen thickness (SPT) between these groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for variables showing significant differences between the two groups, with subsequent calculation of the area under the ROC curve (AUROC) for each variable.

Results
Significant distinctions were noted in the serum liver fibrosis markers between the P and PE groups, encompassing hyaluronic acid (HA), type III procollagen (PC-III), type IV collagen (IV-C), PVD, SPT, and FIB-4 (p < 0.05), as evidenced by univariate analysis findings. The respective AUROC values for these markers were 0.653, 0.706, 0.710, 0.730, 0.660, and 0.633. Additionally, upon integration with PVD, SPT, and FIB4, the AUROC values for liver fibrosis markers surged to 0.793, 0.763, and 0.706 correspondingly, highlighting the enhanced diagnostic potential.

Conclusion
The integration of noninvasive liver fibrosis indices and PVD showcased remarkable diagnostic potential in EVB, underscoring its clinical relevance in predicting hemorrhagic events.
Whole genome sequence analysis of population structure and insecticide resistance markers in Anopheles melas from the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau
Authors: Moss Sophie , Pretorius Elizabeth , Ceesay Sainey , da Silva Eunice Teixeira , Hutchins Harry , Ndiath Mamadou Ousmane , Acford-Palmer Holly , Collins Emma L. , Higgins Matthew , Phelan Jody , Jones Robert T. , Vasileva Hristina , Rodrigues Amabelia , Krishna Sanjeev , Clark Taane G. , Last Anna , Campino Susana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Anopheles melas is an understudied malaria vector with a potential role in malaria transmission on the Bijagós Archipelago of Guinea-Bissau. This study presents the first whole-genome sequencing and population genetic analysis for this species from the Bijagós. To our knowledge, this also represents the largest population genetic analysis using WGS data from non-pooled An. melas mosquitoes.

Methods
WGS was conducted for 30 individual An. melas collected during the peak malaria transmission season in 2019 from six different islands on the Bijagós Archipelago. Bioinformatics tools were used to investigate the population structure and prevalence of insecticide resistance markers in this mosquito population.

Results
Insecticide resistance mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.s. from the Bijagós were absent in the An. melas population, and no signatures of selective sweeps were identified in insecticide resistance-associated genes. Analysis of structural variants identified a large duplication encompassing the cytochrome-P450 gene cyp9k1. Phylogenetic analysis using publicly available mitochondrial genomes indicated that An. melas from the Bijagós split into two phylogenetic groups because of differentiation on the mitochondrial genome attributed to the cytochrome C oxidase subunits COX I and COX II and the NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1, 4, 4L and 5.

Conclusions
This study identified an absence of insecticide-resistant SNPs common to An. gambiae in the An. melas population, but did identify structural variation over insecticide resistance-associated genes. Furthermore, this study presents novel insights into the population structure of this malaria vector using WGS analysis. Additional studies are required to further understand the role of this vector in malaria transmission.

Graphical abstract
Effect of swimming initiation period and continuation frequency on motor competence development in children aged up to 3 years: the Japan environment and children’s study
Authors: Kano Hirohisa , Ebara Takeshi , Matsuki Taro , Tamada Hazuki , Yamada Yasuyuki , Kato Sayaka , Kaneko Kayo , Matsuzaki Kazuki , Sato Hirotaka , Minato Kyoko , Sugiura-Ogasawara Mayumi , Saitoh Shinji , Kamijima Michihiro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Although involvement of toddlers in swimming activities has increased recently, information regarding the impact of swimming during toddlerhood on subsequent child motor competence development is scarce. This study aimed to determine how swimming experience, particularly the timing of initiation and the continuity of swimming activities up to the age of 3 years, affects motor competence development.

Methods
This prospective cohort study included data on children aged 1.5 and 3 years (100,286 mother–child pairs) from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. The outcomes measured were gross and fine motor function, using the Japanese version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (Third edition). We assessed how these functions correlated with the continuous pattern of swimming pool use frequency from age 1 up to 3 years.

Results
The group that used a swimming pool once a month or more from age 1–1.5 years but stopped from age 2–3 years showed consistently significant negative associations with gross motor development delay (minimum adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60–0.73) and fine motor development delay (minimum aOR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.58–0.76). The group that continued swimming once a month or more from age 1–3 years showed consistently significant negative associations with gross motor development delay (minimum aOR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.54–0.75) and fine motor development delay (minimum aOR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.31–0.55).

Conclusions
These results suggest that swimming experience starting around age 1 year is positively associated with gross and fine motor function development. The beneficial impact on gross motor function persisted from age 1–3 years. In contrast, the effects on fine motor function were not evident until age ≥ 2.5 years after starting swimming at approximately age 1 year. These findings underscore the potential benefits of early swimming experiences in enhancing overall motor skills development during early childhood.
Non-linear response of plant caloric value to N addition and mowing treatments in a meadow steppe
Authors: Ye Jiaqi , Wu Shuai , Mo Yu , Yang Siqi , Zhao Yu , Zhang Jing , Lü Xiaotao , Yang Guojiao , Han Xingguo , Liang Cunzhu , Li Zhenghai , Bao Yajing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Caloric value is an important indicator of grassland ecosystem function, but the response of caloric value to nitrogen (N) addition and mowing is still unclear. We explored the adaptive changes of plant caloric value and energy standing crop along a N addition gradient after six-year NH4NO3 addition and mowing treatments in an Inner Mongolian temperate meadow steppe in northern China.

Results
We found that the response of plant caloric value to N addition at different organizational levels was diverse. The caloric value of legumes increased linearly with N addition rates. The caloric value of grasses exhibited a non-linear response trend, initially increasing followed by saturation or decrease, with a N response threshold present. Due to the dominance of grass species, the caloric value at the community level followed a similar pattern to that of the grasses along the N addition gradient. Under mowing, the caloric value of plants at each organizational level increased and usually mowing enhanced the N response threshold. Amongst these, the N response threshold of Leymus chinensis increased from 3.302 to 5.443 g N m−2 yr−1, grasses increased from 4.414 to 5.746 g N m−2 yr−1, and community increased from 5.373 to 9.216 g N m−2 yr−1. Under non-mowing treatment, the N response thresholds of the most dominant species, Leymus chinensis, and community energy standing crop were 10.001 and 15.119 g N m−2 yr−1, respectively. Under mowing, the energy standing crops showed a linear increasing trend.

Conclusions
N response thresholds of plant caloric value and energy standing crop vary at different organizational levels (community > functional group > species). The results reveal varying regulatory capabilities of plants on the ecological environment at different organizational levels. These findings enhance our understanding of plant-environment interactions in grassland ecosystems under N deposition from an energy perspective, which is of great significance to clarify the response mechanism of grassland ecosystem structure and function to N deposition.
The Roman villa at the Castle of Baia (Naples, Italy): investigations on the polychromy of frescoed surfaces by using non-destructive spectroscopic techniques
Authors: Cappelletti Piergiulio , De Bonis Alberto , Di Martire Diego , Esposito Renata , Germinario Chiara , Graziano Sossio Fabio , Grifa Celestino , Izzo Francesco , Montesano Giovanna , Morra Vincenzo , Rispoli Concetta , Verde Maria 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
During the Roman age, the southern promontory of the gulf of Baia was the perfect location for the construction of villae maritimae for the Roman élite that decided to spend their summer residences by the sea.
One of these residences is now located in the military fortress of the Castello Aragonese di Baia, built in 1495 CE during the Aragonese period (15th century). Here, during restoration works, the ruins of the residential sector of the villa, which historical sources ascribe to Caesar, were unearthed. The most representative evidence of this is the outstanding in situ remain of mosaics, decorated plasters and finely frescoed surfaces decorated according to the repertoire of the II style. This research aims to investigate the polychromy of a wall decoration representing a perspective depiction of architectural scenes en trompe l'oeil analysed by means of a multi-analytical, non-destructive approach performed in situ. The combined use of spectroscopic techniques (portable X-ray fluorescence, Raman and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) points out the use of a characteristic Roman palette, quantitatively assessed by colorimetric measurements. It consists of red and yellow ochre, calcite, hematite, organic black pigments, precious materials such as cinnabar and Egyptian blue, green copper compounds. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy also revealed the presence of synthetic resins, likely used for the conservation of mural paintings. These are, however, damaged by atmospheric humidity, as detected by Infrared Thermography. Gypsum has been identified as the main weathering product.