bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Disease in Relation to Placental Abruption: A Population‐Based Cohort Study from Denmark
Authors: Ananth Cande V. , Hansen Anne Vinkel , Williams Michelle A. , Nybo Andersen Anne‐Marie 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular (CVD) complications stemming from vascular dysfunction have been widely explored in the setting of preeclampsia. However, the impact of abruption, a strong indicator of microvascular disturbance, on the risk of CVD mortality and morbidity remains poorly characterised.MethodsWe designed a cohort analysis of 828 289 women who delivered singletons in Denmark between 1978 and 2010. We linked the National Patient Registry and the Registry of Causes of Death to the Danish Birth Registry to ascertain CVD events. We estimated CVD risks in relation to abruption from Cox proportional hazards regression following adjustments for confounders.ResultsWith 13 231 562 person‐years of follow‐up of women with at least one delivery, 11 829 pregnancies were complicated by abruption. The median (interquartile range) follow‐up in the non‐abruption and abruption groups was 16 (8, 24) and 18 (10, 25) years, respectively. CVD mortality rates in women with and without abruption were 0.9 and 0.3 per 10 000 person‐years, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5, 5.0). The corresponding CVD morbidity complication rates were 16.7 and 10.0 per 10 000 person‐years, respectively (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.4, 1.8). The increased risks were evident for ischaemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, hypertensive heart disease, non‐rheumatic valvular disease, and congestive heart failure.ConclusionsThis study shows increased hazards of CVD morbidity and mortality in relation to abruption. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of distorted placental microvasculature is needed as this appears to be a harbinger of CVD later in life.
Effect of selenium supplementation on semen characteristics of Brazil's ram
Authors: Piagentini M , Silva DC , Dell'Aqua CPF , Moya‐Araujo CF , Codognoto VM , Ramos AA , Oba E 
Published: February 2017

ContentsThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of oral supplementation with selenium (Se) upon ram sperm parameters. Thirty rams managed in stall under intensive system were used and divided into five groups (six animals per group) as follows: control group (G1) mineral mixture supplementation without Se, group 2 (G2) mineral mixture supplemented with 5 mg/kg Se, group 3 (G3) supplemented with 10 mg/kg Se, group 4 (G4) supplemented with 15 mg/kg Se and group 5 (G5) supplemented with 20 mg/kg Se. For each group, there was an adjustment period of 14 days. The experimental period was 350 days. Every 56 days, the animals were weighed and semen samples were collected by electroejaculation. Semen analysis included volume, mass moviment, total motility, vigour, concentration and morphology. For plasmatic and acrosomal membrane integrity evaluation and mitochondrial membrane potential were used a combination of fluorescent probes. Differences between means values obtained by analysis of variance were verified by Tukey test with 5% probability. There was no statistical difference between treatment groups in relation to volume, mass moviment, total motility, vigour, concentration, plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity (p > .05). Sperm morphology was different between treatment groups, the G1 (0 mg of selenium) had the highest percentage of major defects (11.11 ± 1.11a; p < .05). It was concluded that selenium decrease the percentage of sperm defects and did not directly influence on ram sperm volume, mass moviment, total motility, vigour, concentration and membrane integrity.
A simple endogenous growth model with endogenous fertility and environmental concern
Authors: Marsiglio Simone 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe analyze the implications of endogenous fertility choices on both economic and environmental performances in a stylized AK‐type growth model. Differently from what traditionally assumed in the growth and environment literature, we allow pollution to be not only a by‐product of productive activities by firms but also a result of households’ behavior, as suggested by the celebrated IPAT equation. We show that along the balanced growth path equilibrium, economic growth may be non‐monotonically related to the population growth rate as agents care for the environment; moreover, demographic policies can be used both to achieve win‐win outcomes (simultaneously fostering economic growth and improving environmental quality) and to stabilize the otherwise non‐monotonic economic and population growth relationship.
WOX14 promotes bioactive gibberellin synthesis and vascular cell differentiation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Denis Erwan , Kbiri Nadia , Mary Viviane , Claisse Gaëlle , Conde e Silva Natalia , Kreis Martin , Deveaux Yves 
Published: February 2017

SummaryProcambial and cambial stem cells provide the initial cells that allow the formation of vascular tissues. WOX4 and WOX14 have been shown to act redundantly to promote procambial cell proliferation and differentiation. Gibberellins (GAs), which have an important role in wood formation, also stimulate cambial cell division. Here we show that the loss of WOX14 function phenocopies some traits of GA‐deficient mutants that can be complemented by exogenous GA application, whereas WOX14 overexpression stimulates the expression of GA3ox anabolism genes and represses GA2ox catabolism genes, promoting the accumulation of bioactive GA. More importantly, our data clearly indicate that WOX14 but not WOX4 promotes vascular cell differentiation and lignification in inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis.
Transcriptome analysis of the Brassica napus–Leptosphaeria maculans pathosystem identifies receptor, signaling and structural genes underlying plant resistance
Authors: Becker Michael G. , Zhang Xuehua , Walker Philip L. , Wan Joey C. , Millar Jenna L. , Khan Deirdre , Granger Matthew J. , Cavers Jacob D. , Chan Ainsley C. , Fernando Dilantha W.G. , Belmonte Mark F. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThe hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans is the causal agent of blackleg disease in Brassica napus (canola, oilseed rape) and causes significant loss of yield worldwide. While genetic resistance has been used to mitigate the disease by means of traditional breeding strategies, there is little knowledge about the genes that contribute to blackleg resistance. RNA sequencing and a streamlined bioinformatics pipeline identified unique genes and plant defense pathways specific to plant resistance in the B. napus–L. maculans LepR1–AvrLepR1 interaction over time. We complemented our temporal analyses by monitoring gene activity directly at the infection site using laser microdissection coupled to quantitative PCR. Finally, we characterized genes involved in plant resistance to blackleg in the Arabidopsis–L. maculans model pathosystem. Data reveal an accelerated activation of the plant transcriptome in resistant host cotyledons associated with transcripts coding for extracellular receptors and phytohormone signaling molecules. Functional characterization provides direct support for transcriptome data and positively identifies resistance regulators in the Brassicaceae. Spatial gradients of gene activity were identified in response to L. maculans proximal to the site of infection. This dataset provides unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution of the genes required for blackleg resistance and serves as a valuable resource for those interested in host–pathogen interactions.
The effects of a topical lipid complex therapy on dogs with atopic dermatitis: a double blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Hobi Stefan , Klinger Christoph , Classen Janine , Mueller Ralf S. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundCanine atopic dermatitis is a common clinical presentation. The skin barrier seems to play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis. Therefore a topical spot‐on product containing a mixture of lipids may improve clinical signs without adverse effects if it were to improve stratum corneum barrier function.AnimalsTwenty six privately owned atopic dogs of different breed, age, gender and weight were included in a double blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate potential clinical benefits and influence on skin barrier function of a topical lipid‐containing product applied to the skin of atopic dogs.Methods and resultsAtopic dermatitis was diagnosed by adequate testing and the exclusion of other possible pruritic diseases. Dogs were randomly allocated to two treatment groups. A spot‐on product containing different types of lipids was applied twice weekly to predisposed and affected areas. The placebo preparation contained only the excipients. The clinical effects were regularly verified with a Visual Analog Score and the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index. A medication score was calculated and barrier function was evaluated by means of transepidermal water loss and pH measurements. Twenty three dogs completed the study. There were no significant differences between the groups for any of the evaluated parameters. Adverse effects were not noted.Conclusions and clinical importanceThis study could not confirm significant clinical improvement when using the product compared to the placebo, although its use was not associated with adverse effects.
Effects of Rapid Vaccine Injection Without Aspiration and Applying Manual Pressure Before Vaccination on Pain and Crying Time in Infants
Authors: Göl İlknur , Altuğ Özsoy Süheyla 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTAimTo compare effects of rapid injection without aspiration and 10‐second manual pressure before injection on pain severity and crying time in 4‐ to 6‐month‐old infants given the vaccine DTaP/IPV/Hib.MethodsThis is a randomized double‐blind controlled study. The study population included all the infants presenting for DTaP/IPV/Hib to two family health centers between April and August in 2015. The study sample included 128 infants based on confidence interval of 95% and statistical power of 80%. The sample was divided into four groups: manual pressure, rapid injection without aspiration, manual pressure combined with rapid injection without aspiration, and control groups. There were 32 infants in each group. Gender was adjusted in all groups. Stratified and block randomizations were used.ResultsPain severity scores and crying time during and after the injections were significantly lower in the three intervention groups than in the control group (p = .001). The lowest increase in the mean heart rate during and after the injections occurred in the rapid injection without aspiration group (p < .05). In addition, the mean oxygen saturation before, during and after the injections was significantly lower in this group than in the other groups (p < .05). However, two infants in the rapid injection without aspiration group had low oxygen saturation levels starting before the injections. In fact, mean oxygen saturations did not change across time. This suggests that lower oxygen saturation in the rapid injection without aspiration group cannot be due to vaccines or the techniques used.Linking Evidence to ActionManual pressure and rapid injection without aspiration are effective and useful in relief of pain and reduction of crying time due to vaccine injections in 4‐ to 6‐month‐old infants.
A geographic study of West Nile virus in humans, dead corvids and mosquitoes in Ontario using spatial scan statistics with a survival time application
Authors: Thomas‐Bachli A. L. , Pearl D. L. , Berke O. , Parmley E. J. , Barker I. K. 
Published: February 2017

SummarySurveillance of West Nile virus (WNv) in Ontario has included passive reporting of human cases and testing of trapped mosquitoes and dead birds found by the public. The dead bird surveillance programme was limited to testing within a public health unit (PHU) until a small number of birds test positive. These dead corvid and mosquito surveillance programmes have not been compared for their ability to provide early warning in geographic areas where human cases occur each year. Spatial scan statistics were applied to time‐to‐event survival data based on first cases of WNv in found dead corvids, mosquitoes and humans. Clusters identified using raw data were compared to clusters based on model‐adjusted survival times to evaluate whether geographic and sociodemographic factors influenced their distribution. Statistically significant (p < .05) space–time clusters of PHUs with faster time to detection were found using each surveillance data stream. During 2002–2004, the corvid surveillance programme outperformed the mosquito programme in terms of time to WNv detection, while the clusters of first‐positive mosquito pools were more spatially similar to first human cases. In 2006, a cluster of first‐positive dead corvids was located in northern PHUs and preceded a cluster of early human cases that was identified after controlling for the influence of geographic region and sociodemographic profile.
Randomised, prospective, medico-economic nationwide French study of islet transplantation in patients with severely unstable type 1 diabetes: the STABILOT study protocol
Authors: Lablanche Sandrine , David-Tchouda Sandra , Margier Jennifer , Schir Edith , Wojtusciszyn Anne , Borot Sophie , Kessler Laurence , Morelon Emmanuel , Thivolet Charles , Pattou François , Vantyghem Marie Christine , Berney Thierry , Benhamou Pierre-Yves 
Published: February 2017

IntroductionIslet transplantation may be an appropriate treatment option for patients with severely unstable type 1 diabetes experiencing major glucose variability with severe hypoglycaemia despite intensive insulin therapy. Few data are available on the costs associated with islet transplantation in relation to its benefits. The STABILOT study proposes to assess the economic impact of islet transplantation in comparison with the current best medical treatment defined as sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy.MethodsThe trial will adopt an open-label, randomised, multicentred design. The study will include 30 patients with severely unstable type 1 diabetes. Eligible participants will be 18–65 years old, with type 1 diabetes duration >5 years, a negative basal or stimulated C-peptide, and severe instability defined by persistent, recurrent and disabling severe hypoglycaemia, despite optimised medical treatment. Participants will be randomised into two groups: one group with immediate registration for islet transplantation, and one group with delayed registration for 1 year while patients receive SAP therapy. The primary endpoint will be the incremental cost-utility ratio at 1 year between islet transplantation and SAP therapy. Perspectives of both the French Health Insurance System and the hospitals will be retained.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained at all sites. The trial has been approved by ClinicalTrials.gov (Trial registration IDNCT02854696). All participants will sign a free and informed consent form before randomisation. Results of the study will be communicated during national and international meetings in the field of diabetes and transplantation. A publication will be sought in journals usually read by physicians involved in diabetes care, transplantation and internal medicine.Trial registration numberNCT02854696; Pre-results.
Comparison of substance use, subjective well-being and interpersonal relationships among young people in foster care and private households: a cross sectional analysis of the School Health Research Network survey in Wales
Authors: Long Sara Jayne , Evans Rhiannon E , Fletcher Adam , Hewitt Gillian , Murphy Simon , Young Honor , Moore Graham F 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of living in foster care (FC) with substance use and subjective well-being in a sample of secondary school students (11–16 years) in Wales in 2015/16, and to examine whether these associations are attenuated by the perceived quality of interpersonal relationships.DesignCross-sectional, population-based health behaviour and lifestyle questionnaire.Setting and participantsWales, UK; young people who took part in the 2015/16 School Health Research Network (SHRN) questionnaire (n=32 479).Primary outcomeHealth behaviours among young people in FC were compared with those from private households.ResultsThe prevalence of all adverse outcomes was higher among young people in FC. Those in FC were significantly more likely to report mephedrone use (OR=9.24, 95% CI 5.60 to 15.34), multiple substance misuse behaviours (OR=3.72, 95% CI 2.30 to 6.00), poorer relationships with peers (RR=1.88, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.88) and teachers (RR=1.83, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.56), having experienced bullying (OR=1.80, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.35), dating violence (OR=1.66, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.43) and poor well-being (RR=1.72, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.46). The association between FC and substance use remained significant, though was attenuated after accounting for relationship variables. The association between FC and subjective well-being became non-significant after adjustment for relationship variables.ConclusionsYoung people living in FC experience significantly worse outcomes than young people not in care, likely due to a range of care and precare factors, which impact adversely on subsequent social relationships. The analyses are consistent with the hypothesis that the associations of FC with substance use and life satisfaction are partially explained by poorer quality social relationships. Large scale, longitudinal studies are required to investigate the relationship between being in care and health, educational and social outcomes. Mental health interventions and interventions to reduce substance use and improve well-being in FC should include a focus on supporting healthy social relationships.
Trauma resuscitation: can team behaviours in the prearrival period predict resuscitation performance?
Authors: Su Lillian , Kaplan Seth , Burd Randall , Winslow Carolyn , Hargrove Amber , Waller Mary 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundOptimising team performance is critical in paediatric trauma resuscitation. Previous studies in aviation and surgery link performance to behaviours in the prearrival period.ObjectiveTo determine if patterns of human behaviour in the prearrival period of a simulated trauma resuscitation is predictive of resuscitation performance.DesignTwelve volunteer trauma teams performed in four simulation scenarios in a paediatric hospital. The scenarios were video recorded, transcribed and analysed in 10-second intervals. Variation in the amount of utterances per team member in the prearrival period was compared with team performance and implicit coordination during the resuscitation.Key resultsCoders analysed 18 962 s of video. They coded 5204 team member utterances into one of eight communication behaviour categories. Inter-rater reliability was excellent (an average of 83.1% across all four scenarios). The average number of communications occurring during the prearrival period was 18.84 utterances, with a range of 2–42 and a SD of 9.55. The average length of this period was almost 2 minutes (mean =117.30 s, SD=39.20). Lower variance in team member communication during the prearrival better was associated with better implicit coordination (p=0.011) but not team performance (p=0.054) during the resuscitation.ConclusionPatterns of communication in the prearrival trauma resuscitation period predicted implicit coordination and a trend towards significance for team performance which suggests further studies in such patterns are warranted.
8-Channel Neural Stimulation ASIC for Epidural Visual Cortex Stimulation
Authors: Osipov Dmitry , Strokov Serge , Kreiter Andreas K. , Schander Andreas , Tessmann Tobias , Lang Walter , Paul Steffen 
Published: February 2017

This paper presents an 8-channel neural stimulator application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for biphasic stimulation of the visual cortex, fabricated in a 0.35[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m AMS HV process. Each channel is composed of a standard SPI interface, an 8-bit current digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and 120[Formula: see text]V compliant HV output stage. Thus, it is possible to deliver to the tissue arbitrary current waveforms with amplitudes up to [Formula: see text]8.192[Formula: see text]mA with 32[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A steps. The measured maximum differential nonlinearity (DNL) of the current output does not exceed 1.1 LSB. The on-board current reference provides the output current of 16[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A with a very low temperature variation. The maximum anodic and cathodic current mismatch after calibration is 25[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]A. The measured interpulse leakage current does not exceed 60[Formula: see text]pA. The ASIC was also tested with the electrode–tissue model, which describes the PEDOT electrodes of 560[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m diameter in the phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The measurement results approve the possibility to stimulate with arbitrary current amplitudes with frequencies up to 1.5[Formula: see text]kHz.
СИМУЛЯЦІЙНА МЕТОДИКА ПІДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТІВ НА КАФЕДРІ НЕВІДКЛАДНОЇ ТА ЕКСТРЕНОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ – ВАЖЛИВА СКЛАДОВА В ЯКІСНОМУ ТА КОМПЛЕКСНОМУ ЗАСВОЄННІ НАВЧАЛЬНОГО МАТЕРІАЛУ З ДИСЦИПЛІНИ
Authors: Shved M. I. , Liakhovych R. M. , Kitsak Ya. M. 
Published: February 2017

У роботі висвітлюються особливості організації навчального процесу на курсі екстреної медичної допомоги в ДВНЗ “Тернопільський державний медичний університет імені І. Я. Горбачевського МОЗ України”. Розкривається прогресивна методика теоретичного викладення та засвоєння практичних навичок на клінічній кафедрі за системою єдиного дня, зокрема реалізація практичної частини заняття із командною роботою студентів з медичним обладнанням, виїздами до хворих (потерпілих) у складі бригад екстреної (швидкої) медичної допомоги, підвищенню рівня підготовки студентів з дисципліни сприяє також їх наукова та просвітницька діяльність.
ДОСВІД ВИКЛАДАННЯ МЕДИЧНОЇ БІОЛОГІЇ АНГЛОМОВНИМ СТУДЕНТАМ
Authors: Shvets L. S. 
Published: February 2017

Використання англійської мови як мови вивчення медичної біології дало змогу розробити напрямки вдосконалення професійної майстерності викладацького складу кафедри та підвищення якості знань англомовних студентів. Досвід організації навчального процесу засвідчив необхідність постійного поновлення навчально-методичних та лекційних матеріалів даними сучасних досягнень науки і медицини. Створено посібник “Вибрані лекції з медичної біології” англійською мовою, який охоплює всі розділи дисципліни. Актуальним також є використання робочих зошитів для студентів, впровадження інноваційних технологій, підвищення якості тестового контролю, оволодіння практичними навичками та навичками наукової роботи.