bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulação estocástica aplicada à análise temporal do nível potenciométrico no entorno da represa de Três Irmãos na área urbana da cidade de Pereira Barreto (SP)
Authors: Rocha Marcelo Monteiro da , Leite Cláudio Benedito Baptista , Araújo Ricardo Gerasimenko de 
Published: April 2017

O fechamento da barragem e a consequente formação do reservatório de Três Irmãos, em Pereira Barreto (SP), provocaram elevação do nível potenciométrico circunvizinho com implicações geotécnicas para o meio ambiente e a ocupação humana, oferecendo riscos que precisam ser mitigados. Dados provenientes de poços de controle, situados na cidade de Pereira Barreto, nas margens da represa, foram coletados em campanhas de monitoramento antes, durante e após o enchimento do reservatório, gerando um conjunto de superfícies potenciométricas empilhadas no tempo. Essa estruturação delineou uma análise espaço-temporal. A superfície potenciométrica foi modelada por simulação estocástica por bandas rotativas com a finalidade de fazer a análise de variância que utilizou duas simulações representando cenários opostos. O primeiro cenário foi o que apresentou o menor aumento do nível de água e outro, o maior. Tal fato resultou em um modelo tridimensional, demonstrando a progressão da elevação do nível de água, e possibilitou a observação de três períodos com comportamentos hidráulicos característicos e distintos: 1) uma situação inicial de equilíbrio hidráulico antes do enchimento; 2) momento de desequilíbrio e heterogeneidade durante o processo; 3) retomada do equilíbrio ao final do enchimento do reservatório. A análise algébrica de imagens também foi realizada por meio de um filtro definido para combinar os dois cenários e reforçar seus contrastes. A ação desse filtro gerou um mapa de variâncias que identificou duas regiões: uma de grande variação a centro-nordeste da área e uma região menos suscetível a variações a sudoeste da área investigada, respectivamente, as regiões de maior e menor variação do nível potenciométrico.
Análise de fácies e petrografia de uma seção do Membro Crato em Nova Olinda (CE): contribuições à história deposicional e diagenética do neoaptiano na Bacia do Araripe
Authors: Santos Felipe Holanda dos , Azevedo Juan Moreira de , Nascimento Junior Daniel Rodrigues do , Souza Ana Clara Braga de , Mendes Marcio , Bezerra Irineudo , Limaverde Saulo 
Published: April 2017

Na Bacia do Araripe, o Membro Crato é uma das mais importantes unidades estratigráficas por seu conteúdo fossilífero, seu contexto análogo ao das “Camadas Pré-Sal” e seu aproveitamento econômico como material de revestimento. Neste trabalho, análises de fácies e petrográficas foram combinadas no estudo de uma seção do Membro Crato em Nova Olinda (CE), com o intuito de investigar sua história deposicional e diagenética. Para tanto, a faciologia de uma seção colunar contínua de cerca de 70 m de espessura foi analisada com a coleta de 13 amostras de rochas carbonáticas, siliciclásticas e evaporíticas. As amostras foram analisadas por petrografia ótica. Foram descritas cinco fácies deposicionais: lamito margoso (Lm), calcilutito laminado (Cl), arenito maciço (Am), siltito com laminação cruzada cavalgante (Scc) e evaporito colunar (Ec). As fácies mais espessas e recorrentes foram interpretadas como lacustres (Lm, Cl), seguidas de sucessões aluviais (Am, Scc) em meio aos intervalos lacustres. A sucessão termina com indícios faciológicos de que condições de extrema aridez (Ec) foram atingidas ao final do intervalo descrito. A petrografia, aqui focada em rochas das fácies Cl, Am e Scc, reforça a ideia de que o intervalo do Aptiano local correspondia a um sistema lacustre árido, eventualmente alimentado por fluxos aluviais imaturos a partir de áreas-fontes próximas. Em particular, o baixíssimo grau de compactação mecânica e cimentação incipiente das rochas terrígenas sugere que a sucessão foi pouco afetada por diagênese após seu soterramento, que foi, por essa razão, pouco profundo. A semelhança dos intervalos terrígenos do Membro Crato com aqueles descritos para a porção final da sotoposta Formação Barbalha sugere contemporaneidade com passagem transicional retrogradante entre as duas unidades.
Análise multitemporal do sistema fluvial Solimões-Amazonas entre os tributários Purus e Negro, Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil
Authors: Passos Marcel Silva , Soares Emílio Alberto Amaral 
Published: April 2017

Nas últimas décadas, as feições geomorfológicas de trechos do sistema fluvial Solimões-Amazonas têm sido estudadas por meio de imagens de sensores remotos, aliados a dados de análise multitemporal, destacando principalmente as modificações morfológicas das planícies aluviais e canais deste sistema. Os primeiros estudos utilizavam bases cartográficas de menor precisão em comparação às atuais e não consideravam alguns fatores como a cota dos rios, tipos de sensores e imprecisões na aquisição dos dados, o que diminui a acurácia dos dados. Atualmente, dentre os fatores mais enfatizados na análise desse sistema fluvial, destacam-se a taxa de migração dos canais e a definição do estilo fluvial em diferentes trechos, que variam entre os tipos mais conhecidos na literatura. Este trabalho demonstra por meio da análise multitemporal de imagens Landsat-5/TM a fase final de evolução do sistema fluvial Solimões-Amazonas, no trecho entre os tributários Purus e Negro, no decorrer dos anos de 1991 e 2011. As interpretações indicam leve predominância dos processos deposicionais em relação aos erosivos no trecho analisado, com áreas de 8,56 km2 e 6,86 km2, respectivamente, obtendo-se assim uma taxa de migração média de 0,32%/ano. Os processos deposicionais se concentram principalmente na parte convexa dos meandros e nas áreas a jusante das ilhas, incluindo a formação de novas ilhas, e os erosivos na parte côncava dos meandros e a montante das ilhas. Apesar da dinâmica de erosão e deposição observada no trecho estudado deste sistema, foi possível constatar o elevado padrão de estabilidade dos canais, o qual é coerente com dados batimétricos e de taxa de migração de estudos geológicos regionais, que ajudam a caracterizar o atual estilo fluvial anabranching.
Smokers and Postcessation Weight Gain After Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Dehghani Payam , Habib Bettina , Windle Sarah B. , Roy Nathalie , Old Wayne , Grondin François R. , Bata Iqbal , Iskander Ayman , Lauzon Claude , Srivastava Nalin , Clarke Adam , Cassavar Daniel , Dion Danielle , Haught Herbert , Mehta Shamir R. , Baril Jean‐François , Lambert Charles , Madan Mina , Abramson Beth L. , Eisenberg Mark J. 
Published: April 2017

Background

Smoking cessation and weight management are recommended after acute coronary syndrome (
ACS
); however, little is known about the effects of smoking cessation on weight change after
ACS
. We aimed to assess the effect of smoking cessation after
ACS
on weight over a 12‐month follow‐up period.

Methods and Results

Data were prospectively collected from the EVITA (Evaluation of Varenicline in Smoking Cessation for Patients Post‐Acute Coronary Syndrome) trial. Weight change was compared among 3 groups of patients: those who were completely abstinent (n=70), those who smoked intermittently (n=68), and those who smoked persistently (n=34). Patients' mean baseline weight was 83.9 kg (
SD
17.7) with a mean body mass index of 28.5 (
SD
5.4). Patients smoked a mean of 37.7 years (
SD
17.7) and a mean of 21.0 cigarettes (
SD
9.0) per day prior to their
ACS
. Weight change varied across groups, with abstainers gaining a mean of 4.8 kg (
SD
8.6), intermittent smokers gaining a mean of 2.0 kg (
SD
8.9) and persistent smokers losing a mean of 0.7 kg (
SD
7.4). At 52 weeks, abstainers were more likely to gain weight than persistent smokers (difference in means 5.5 kg; 95%
CI
2.3–8.8). This weight gain was not associated with an increase in the use of antihypertensive or antidiabetic medications.

Conclusions

Following an
ACS
, significant weight is gained by patients who quit smoking. Weight‐management interventions among smokers who quit after
ACS
should be a focus of investigation in future research so that the cardiovascular benefits achieved by smoking cessation are not offset by weight gain in this high‐risk population.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
00794573.
Ensemble Streamflow Forecasting across the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Region with a Distributed Hydrological Model Forced by GEFS Reforecasts
Authors: Siddique Ridwan , Mejia Alfonso 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The quality of ensemble streamflow forecasts in the U.S. mid-Atlantic region (MAR) is investigated for short- to medium-range forecast lead times (6–168 h). To this end, a regional hydrological ensemble prediction system (RHEPS) is assembled and implemented. The RHEPS in this case comprises the ensemble meteorological forcing, a distributed hydrological model, and a statistical postprocessor. As the meteorological forcing, precipitation, and near-surface temperature outputs from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) 11-member Global Ensemble Forecast System Reforecast, version 2 (GEFSRv2), are used. The Hydrology Laboratory Research Distributed Hydrologic Model (HL-RDHM) is used as the distributed hydrological model, and a statistical autoregressive model with an exogenous variable is used as the postprocessor. To verify streamflow forecasts from the RHEPS, eight river basins in the MAR are selected, ranging in drainage area from ~262 to 29 965 km2 and covering some of the major rivers in the MAR. The verification results for the RHEPS show that, at the initial lead times (1–3 days), the hydrological uncertainties have more impact on forecast skill than the meteorological ones. The former become less pronounced, and the meteorological uncertainties dominate, across longer lead times (&gt;3 days). Nonetheless, the ensemble streamflow forecasts remain skillful for lead times of up to 7 days. Additionally, postprocessing increases forecast skills across lead times and spatial scales, particularly for the high-flow conditions. Overall, the proposed RHEPS is able to improve streamflow forecasting in the MAR relative to the deterministic (unperturbed GEFSRv2 member) forecasting case.
Requirement-Driven Design of Pulse Compression Waveforms for Weather Radars
Authors: Torres Sebastián M. , Curtis Christopher D. , Schvartzman David 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWith more weather radars relying on low-power solid-state transmitters, pulse compression has become a necessary tool for achieving the sensitivity and range resolution that are typically required for weather observations. While pulse compression is well understood in the context of point-target radar applications, the design of pulse compression waveforms for weather radars is challenging because requirements for these types of systems traditionally assume the use of high-power transmitters and short conventional pulses. In this work, Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) antenna pattern requirements are used to illustrate how suitable requirements can be formulated for the radar range weighting function (RWF), which is determined by the transmitted waveform and any range-time signal processing. These new requirements set bounds on the RWF range sidelobes, which are unavoidable with pulse compression waveforms. Whereas nonlinear frequency modulation schemes are effective at reducing RWF sidelobes, they usually require a larger transmission bandwidth, which is a precious commodity. An optimization framework is proposed to obtain minimum-bandwidth pulse compression waveforms that meet the new RWF requirements while taking into account the effects of any range-time signal processing. Whereas pulse compression is used to meet sensitivity and range-resolution requirements, range-time signal processing may be needed to meet data-quality and/or update-time requirements. The optimization framework is tailored for three processing scenarios and corresponding pulse compression waveforms are produced for each. Simulations of weather data are used to illustrate the performance of these waveforms.
A Multidimensional Study of Vocal Function Following Radiation Therapy for Laryngeal Cancers
Authors: Angadi Vrushali , Dressler Emily , Stemple Joseph 
Published: April 2017

Background: Radiation therapy (XRT) has proven to be an effective curative modality in the treatment of laryngeal cancers. However, XRT also has deleterious effects on vocal function. Aim: To demonstrate the multidimensional nature of deficits in vocal function as a result of radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer. Study Design: Cohort study. Methodology: Vocal function parameters were chosen from the 5 domains of voice assessment to complete a multidimensional assessment battery. Adults irradiated (XRT group) for laryngeal cancers were compared to a control group of individuals with no history of head and neck cancers or radiation therapy. The control group was matched in age, sex, and pack years of smoking. Results: Eighteen participants were recruited for the study. The XRT group demonstrated significantly worse clinical values as compared to the control group across select parameters in the each of the 5 domains of voice assessment. Discussion: Radiation therapy for laryngeal cancers results in multidimensional deficits in vocal function. Notably, these deficits persist long term. In the present study sample, multidimensional deficits were persistent 2 to 7 years following completion of XRT. The observed multidimensional persistent vocal difficulties highlight the importance of vocal rehabilitation in the irradiated larynx cancer population.
Creating an Optimal 3D Printed Model for Temporal Bone Dissection Training
Authors: Takahashi Kuniyuki , Morita Yuka , Ohshima Shinsuke , Izumi Shuji , Kubota Yamato , Yamamoto Yutaka , Takahashi Sugata , Horii Arata 
Published: April 2017

Objective: Making a 3-dimensional (3D) temporal bone model is simple using a plaster powder bed and an inkjet printer. However, it is difficult to reproduce air-containing spaces and precise middle ear structures. The objective of this study was to overcome these problems and create a temporal bone model that would be useful both as a training tool and for preoperative simulation. Methods: Drainage holes were made to remove excess materials from air-containing spaces, ossicle ligaments were manually changed to bony structures, and small and/or soft tissue structures were colored differently while designing the 3D models. The outcomes were evaluated by 3 procedures: macroscopic and endoscopic inspection of the model, comparison of computed tomography (CT) images of the model to the original CT, and assessment of tactile sensation and reproducibility by 20 surgeons performing surgery on the model. Results: Macroscopic and endoscopic inspection, CT images, and assessment by surgeons were in agreement in terms of reproducibility of model structures. Most structures could be reproduced, but the stapes, tympanic sinus, and mastoid air cells were unsatisfactory. Perioperative tactile sensation of the model was excellent. Conclusions: Although this model still does not embody perfect reproducibility, it proved sufficiently practical for use in surgical training.
Occupation-based practices and homelessness: A scoping review
Authors: Roy Laurence , Vallée Catherine , Kirsh Bonnie H. , Marshall Carrie Anne , Marval Rebecca , Low Alissa 
Published: April 2017

Background. Persons experiencing or at risk of homelessness have occupational needs that are seldom addressed in the Canadian system of care. The lack of documented evidence on occupational therapy practices in this field hinders the development of the profession. Purpose. This article identifies current and potential practices that aim to enable or support the occupations of persons experiencing or at risk of homelessness. Method. A scoping review was conducted, including evidence from both occupational therapy and non–occupational therapy sources. Findings. One hundred and seventy-eight papers were selected in the areas of occupational performance skills training, enrichment of occupational repertoire, employment/education, physical rehabilitation services, child/family services, community building, occupational transition from homeless to housed, literacy, and disaster relief. Implications. Occupational therapists can build environments and create opportunities that facilitate occupational engagement of individuals experiencing homelessness. Gaps in knowledge include the evaluation of occupational therapy practices, the Canadian context of family homelessness, and the cultural safety of occupational therapy interventions.
Brazil’s June Days of 2013: Mass Protest, Class, and the Left
Authors: Purdy Sean 
Published: April 2017

On June 17, 2013, Brazilians took to the streets in militant rallies and marches against transit fare hikes, poor-quality education and health care services, and the immense public investment in “mega-events” such as the 2014 World Cup and the 2016 Olympics. These massive demonstrations capped off a two-week series of demonstrations initially provoked by a 20-cent increase in bus, train, and subway fares in São Paulo. In the face of brutal police repression, the harsh opposition of politicians and the major political parties, and the clear bias of the mass media, the largely young and working-class protesters soon forced municipal governments in over 100 cities to revoke proposed fare increases. Explanations for the June Days and the ensuing political crisis, which have been the subject of fierce debates in activist and scholarly circles in Brazil, ignore the role of particular forms of capitalism, the adoption of neoliberalism by Workers’ Party governments, and the changing forms and conditions of class struggle. No dia 17 de junho de 2013, brasileiros organizaram protestos e marchas contra o aumento de tarifas de transportes e o baixo nível de educação e saúde públicas, especialmente no contexto em que o governo investia valores altíssimos em meg eventos como a Copa do Mundo de 2014 e as Olimpíadas de 2016. Essas marchas foram a culminação de duas semanas de ativismo inicialmente provocado por uma alta de R 0,20 nas tarifas de ônibus, trem e metrô em São Paulo. Diante de repressão policial violenta, veemente oposição de políticos e de nítida parcialidade da imprensa, os ativistas (majoritariamente jovens e trabalhadores de baixa renda) por meio dessas manifestações forçaram prefeituras em mais de 100 cidades a revogar os aumentos tarifários propostos. Explicações sobre os protestos de junho e a crise política que se seguiu, objetos de disputas acirradas em círculos acadêmicos e de ativistas no Brasil, desconsideram o papel que formas específicas do capitalismo desempenharam nesse processo, especialmente o neoliberalismo das administrações petistas, bem como as transformações na forma e condição da luta de classes.
Femoroacetabular Impingement in Professional Football Players: Return to Play and Predictors of Career Length After Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Menge Travis J. , Bhatia Sanjeev , McNamara Shannen C. , Briggs Karen K. , Philippon Marc J. 
Published: April 2017

Background:Previous studies have shown hip arthroscopy to be a highly effective treatment for symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) in a wide range of athletes; however, the rate of return to play and length of career after hip arthroscopy in professional football players are unknown.Purpose:To determine how many athletes returned to professional football and the number of seasons they played after surgery.Study Design:Case series; Level of evidence, 4.Methods:Fifty-one professional football players (60 hips) underwent hip arthroscopy for FAI between 2000 and 2014 by a single surgeon. Return to play was defined as competing in a preseason or regular season professional football game after surgery. Data were retrospectively obtained for each player from NFL.com , ESPN.com , individual team websites, and/or CFL.ca .Results:We found that 87% (52/60) of the arthroscopic procedures allowed professional football players to return to play in a preseason or regular season game. Athletes who returned played an average of 38 games during 3.2 seasons after arthroscopy, with an average total career length of 7.4 seasons. Ninety-two percent (48/52) of players who returned had a minimum total career length of 3 years. When participants were analyzed by position, linemen were less likely to return after hip arthroscopy compared with other players (odds ratio 5.6; 95% CI, 1.1-35; P = .04). All quarterbacks and tight ends returned to play after surgery. No significant difference in return to play rate was found between athletes who underwent microfracture and those who did not (25% vs 38%, P = .698).Conclusion:Hip arthroscopy for treatment of FAI and associated pathologic abnormalities in professional football players resulted in a high rate of return to play. The study’s findings demonstrate that 87% of the arthroscopic procedures allowed professional football players to return to play, linemen were less likely to return compared with other positions, and the presence of microfracture did not significantly affect the return to play rate. These findings support hip arthroscopy as an effective procedure to treat FAI and related pathologic abnormalities in the professional football player, and this information is important for proper counseling of athletes with FAI.