bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Medial Malleolus or Pure Deltoid Ligament Injury in Patients with Supination‐External Rotation Type IV Ankle Fractures
Authors: Wang Xu , Zhang Chao , Yin Jian‐wen , Wang Chen , Huang Jia‐zhang , Ma Xin , Wang Cheng‐wei , Wang Xue 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of internal fixation on postoperative ankle function in patients with supination‐external rotation type IV ankle fractures, including medial malleolus fractures and deltoid ligament injury.MethodsBetween January 2012 and June 2014, patients with medial structure injuries were enrolled in this study and assigned to the medial malleolus fracture group or the deltoid ligament group. The surgical procedures for the two groups were documented. The follow‐up endpoint was the time point when the steel plate or screw was removed from the lateral ankle. The Olerud–Molander ankle scoring system was used to assess ankle function.ResultsA total of 84 patients with supination‐external rotation type IV ankle fractures had complete medical records and were included in this study. The average age of the patients was 44.16 years (range, 15–75). The patient sample included 39 males and 45 females. Overall, 49 patients (19 males and 30 females) suffered a medial malleolus fracture. The average age of these patients was 40.20 years (range, 15–75). Patients with a posterior malleolar fracture fragment >25% of the articular surface accounted for 81.6% (40 patients) of these patients. Overall, 35 patients (20 males and 15 females) experienced a deltoid ligament injury. The average age of these patients was 44.21 years (range, 17–73). Patients with a posterior malleolar fracture fragment >25% of the articular surface accounted for 11.5% (four patients) of these patients. Open reduction was performed in patients with medial malleolus fractures, and two 4.0‐mm cannulated screws were used to fixate the posterior malleolus and the medial malleolus. The suture‐anchor technique was used to repair the ligaments in patients with deltoid ligament injuries. The follow‐up endpoint was the time point when the steel plate and screws were removed from the lateral ankle in patients. The average follow‐up period was 13.4 months (range, 11–17). The Olerud–Molander ankle scoring system was used to assess postoperative ankle function. The average score for the patients in the medial malleolus fracture group was 90.3 points (range, 85–95). The average score for the patients in the deltoid ligament injury group was 87.7 points (range, 80–95). No significant differences were found in the scores between the two groups.ConclusionMedial malleolus fracture and deltoid ligament injury are two different presentations of supination‐external rotation type IV ankle fractures. Anatomic reduction of the articular surface concurrent with restoration of ankle stability can achieve favorable results for these two injuries.
The Fanny Pack: No Ifs, Ands, or Buts
Authors: Habeshian Kaiane , Kirkorian Anna Yasmine , Marathe Kalyani 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlthough the white coat is central to the practice of adult medicine, pediatricians often shed it to avoid creating negative associations and provoking fear in children. In our pediatric dermatology practice, the fanny pack (FP) has replaced many of the functional elements of the white coat. The FP is a kid‐friendly way to readily carry key medical supplies from one patient encounter to the next. It is more hygienic, light weight, and affordable than traditional doctor's bags and white coats. In this article we outline the benefits of the FP, which include storage, ergonomics, efficiency, cleanliness, kid‐friendliness, and cost‐effectiveness.
Maternity Leave Length and Workplace Policies' Impact on the Sustainment of Breastfeeding: Global Perspectives
Authors: Steurer Lisa M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundBreastfeeding is a global initiative of the World Health Organization and the U.S. domestic health agenda, Healthy People 2020; both recommend exclusive breastfeeding, defined as providing breast milk only via breast or bottle, through the first 6 months of an infant's life. Previous literature has shown the correlation between socioeconomic status and breastfeeding, with higher maternal education and income as predictors of sustained breastfeeding. This same population of women is more likely to be employed outside the home.MethodsPubMed and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched using inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify the effect of maternity leave length and workplace policies on the sustainment of breastfeeding for employed mothers.ResultsCommon facilitators to sustainment of breastfeeding included longer length of maternity leave as well as adequate time and space for the pumping of breast milk once the mother returned to the workplace. Barriers included inconsistency in policy and the lack of enforcement of policies in different countries.ConclusionsThere is a lack of consistency globally on maternity leave length and workplace policy as determinants of sustained breastfeeding for employed mothers. A consistent approach is needed to achieve the goal of exclusive breastfeeding for infants.
Peri‐conceptional under‐nutrition alters the expression ofTRIM28 andZFP57 in the endometrium and embryos during peri‐implantation period in domestic pigs
Authors: Zglejc K , Franczak A 
Published: March 2017

ContentsDNAmethylation is maintained by the main elements of methylation complex—tripartite motif containing 28 (TRIM28) and zinc finger protein 57 (ZFP57). Previously, it was found that the activity ofTRIM28 andZFP57 determines the process ofDNAmethylation and preserves over‐expression of genes. We hypothesized that restricted diet applied during peri‐conceptional period may induce changes in the expression of methylation complex in porcine endometrium and embryos during the peri‐implantation period. The aim of this study was to detect and determine the expression ofTRIM28 andZFP57 in the endometrium and embryos harvested from gilts during the peri‐implantation period (days 15–16 of pregnancy) fed restricted (n = 5) or normal (n = 5) diet during peri‐conceptional period. In restricted‐diet‐fed gilts, endometrial expression ofTRIM28andZFP57mRNAs was decreased in comparison with normal‐diet‐fed gilts (p ≤ .01), while the embryonic expression ofTRIM28andZFP57mRNAs was increased in restricted‐diet‐fed gilts (p ≤ .05). The immunofluorescence showed the presence ofTRIM28 andZFP57 in luminal epithelial (LE), glandular epithelial (GE) and stromal cells (ST) of the endometrium as well as in the embryos. Total endometrial and embryonic abundance ofTRIM28 andZFP57 proteins was significantly higher (p ≤ .05) in restricted‐diet‐fed gilts than in normal‐diet‐fed gilts. Female under‐nutrition during peri‐conceptional period affects the expression of two main elements of methylation complex in the endometrium and in embryos during the peri‐implantation period and may have the impact onDNAmethylation in these tissues.
Comparison of the effects of Ham'sF10 and αMEM in combination with FBS or BSA in vitrification/warming solution on quality and viability of sheep ovarian follicles
Authors: Mohammadzadeh F , Safdarian L , Amidi F , Mohammadzadeh A , Mortezaee K , Mehdinejhadiani S , Sobhani A , Ghasemi S , Sargolzaei Aval F 
Published: March 2017

ContentsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the two types of media, namely minimum essential medium (αMEM) and Ham'sF10, supplemented with foetal bovine serum (FBS) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) in vitrification/warming solution on the quality and viability of sheep ovarian follicles. Vitrification method was applied for cryopreservation of sheep ovarian cortex using Ham'sF10 and αMEM supplemented with either BSA or FBS. There were five groups: Fresh, Ham'sF10+ BSA, Ham'sF10+ FBS, αMEM + BSA and αMEM + FBS. Samples were cultured for two weeks after warming. Viability and morphology of follicles and DNA fragmentation in follicles and in tissue stroma cells were analysed before vitrification/warming and following one and two weeks of culture. The Ham'sF10+ FBS and Ham'sF10+ BSA groups showed a significant decrease in follicular viability after one week of culture (p < .05 vs. Fresh). Following two weeks of culture, all groups revealed a considerable fall in the number of viable follicles (p < .05 vs. Fresh). There was an increase in DNA fragmentation of connective tissue cells but not in the follicles (p < .05). Our results showed the better application of αMEM supplemented with BSA as a vitrification solution in improvement of cryopreservation effects and maintenance of follicular survival.
Effects of supplementation of medium with different antioxidants during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes on subsequent embryo production
Authors: Sovernigo TC , Adona PR , Monzani PS , Guemra S , Barros FDA , Lopes FG , Leal CLV 
Published: March 2017

ContentsThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of different antioxidants on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) in oocytes during in vitro maturation (IVM), as well as on the production of embryos. Oocyte of slaughterhouse‐derived cattle ovaries were placed in IVM with different antioxidants: quercetin (2 μM), cysteamine (100 μM), carnitine (0.5 mg/ml), vitamin C (50 μg/ml) or resveratrol (2 μM). Oocytes matured without any antioxidant supplementation were used as control. The oocytes were assessed for maturation rates and for ROS and GSH levels by fluorescence staining in 2′,7′‐dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and Cell Tracker Blue, respectively. Embryo production was assessed in terms of cleavage, blastocysts and hatching rates and embryo cell numbers. The results expressed in arbitrary fluorescence units showed ROS reduction (p < .05) in the groups with quercetin (27.5 ± 3.4), vitamin C (27.1 ± 3.0) or resveratrol (28.1 ± 4.7), in comparison with those with cysteamine (34.9 ± 4.5), carnitine (34.6 ± 3.8) or to the control group (36.5 ± 5.2). GSH levels increased (p < .05) in cysteamine (63.5 ± 5.5) or carnitine (60.8 ± 4.4) groups in comparison with quercetin (52.7 ± 5.1), vitamin C (53.0 ± 3.8), resveratrol (53.1 ± 4.4) or to the control (49.6 ± 4.5). Nuclear maturation cleavage and hatched blastocysts rates did not differ (p > .05) between groups. However, blastocyst rates after in vitro fertilization in quercetin (53.5 ± 3.9%), vitamin C (52.1 ± 3.1%) resveratrol (54.2 ± 4.0%), cysteamine (52.4 ± 2.7%) or carnitine (54.2 ± 3.1%) groups were higher (p < .05) than in the control (47.2 ± 2.7%). Total cell numbers in embryos from the vitamin C, resveratrol, cysteamine or carnitine groups were higher than in quercetin and control groups, which were similar to each other. The results suggest that using antioxidants during IVM may reduce oxidative stress either by decreasing ROS levels directly or by increasing GSH levels in oocytes, depending on the type of antioxidant used. Overall, oxidative stress control during IVM with the antioxidants examined here improved blastocyst development with similar efficacy.
Development of an in vitro oviduct epithelial explants model for studying sperm–oviduct binding in the buffalo
Authors: Saraf KK , Kumaresan A , Nayak S , Chhillar S , Sreela L , Kumar S , Tripathi UK , Datta TK , Mohanty TK 
Published: March 2017

ContentsIn this study, we developed an in vitro model for studying sperm–oviduct binding in the buffalo. Oviduct explants were prepared by overnight culture of epithelial cells in TCM‐199 medium under 5% CO2 at 38.5 °C. Cryopreserved spermatozoa from buffalo bulls (n = 4) were incubated with the oviduct explants, and the sperm–oviduct explants complex was stained with JC‐1. The effect of sperm concentration (2, 3 and 4 million), size of the oviduct explants (<0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.4 and >0.4 mm2) and time of incubation (1 hr and 4 hr) on binding index (BI—number of sperm bound to unit area of explants) was studied. No significant difference was observed in the BI among <0.2, 0.2–0.3 and 0.3–0.4 mm2 size of explants; however, the BI decreased significantly (p < .05) when the size of explants exceeded 0.4 mm2. The BI decreased significantly (p < .05) when the sperm concentration was increased to 4 million, while the duration of incubation did not have any significant effect on the BI. The interaction of bulls with explants size, sperm concentration and incubation time was not significant. The developed assay has the potential to be used as an in vitro model for studying sperm–oviduct binding in the buffalo.
Forms of Wealth Associated with Attaining Peer Group Net Worth Following Bankruptcy
Authors: Palmer Lance , Bhargava Vibha 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesThis study examines the contribution of general human capital, social capital, and financial management practices to the individual's relative financial well‐being following bankruptcy.MethodsMultivariate logistic regression models were estimated using secondary data from the Survey of Consumer Finances 2004 and 2007.ResultsIndividuals who possess higher general human capital and greater access to social capital are significantly more likely to achieve net worth parity with nonfilers following bankruptcy compared to similar individuals with lower levels of general human capital and social capital.ConclusionHuman and social capital are relatively more important factors contributing to attaining net worth parity with peers following bankruptcy than financial management practices and attitudes when controlling for ownership of protected assets. Congressionally mandated financial management training and counseling would likely have substantially better outcomes on bankruptcy filers’ financial well‐being over the long term if additional human‐capital‐building—and consequently income‐building—programs are integrated into the mandated financial management training.
The incremental Virtual Fields Method and prestretching method applied to rubbers under uniaxial medium‐strain‐rate loading
Authors: Yoon S.‐H. , Siviour C. R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractConventional dynamic experiments on rubbers have several limitations including low signal‐to‐noise ratio and a long time period during which the specimen is not in static equilibrium, which causes difficulties separating constitutive material behaviour from specimen response. In order to overcome these limitations, we build on previous research in which the Virtual Fields Method (VFM) is applied to dynamic tensile experiments. A previous study has demonstrated that the VFM can be used to identify the material parameters of a hyperelastic model for a given rubber based on optical measurements of wave propagation in the rubber, eliminating the need for force measurements by instead using acceleration fields as a “virtual load cell.” In order for us to successfully characterise the strain hardening in the material, large deformations are required, and these were achieved by applying static preloads to the specimen before the dynamic loading. In order for us to then apply the VFM, measurements of the static force, or strain, or both, are required. This paper explores different methods for applying the VFM, in particular, comparing the use of a static force measurement, as in the previous research, to methods that only require strain fields in order to apply the incremental equation of motion. Finite element method simulations were conducted to compare the identification sensitivity to experimental error sources between the 2 VFM implementations; the experimental data used in the previous studies were then applied to the incremental VFM. A further experimental comparison is provided between constitutive parameters obtained in tensile experiments using the VFM and compressive measurements from a modified split Hopkinson bar technique equipped with a piezoelectric force transducer. Finally, there is a discussion of the effects of preloading and relaxation in the material.
Big location‐based social media messages from China's Sina Weibo network: Collection, storage, visualization, and potential ways of analysis
Authors: Jendryke Michael , Balz Timo , Liao Mingsheng 
Published: March 2017

AbstractChina's social media platform, Sina Weibo, like Twitter, hosts a considerable amount of big data: messages, comments, pictures. Collecting and analyzing information from this treasury of human behavior data is a challenge, although the message exchange on the network is readable by everyone through the web or app interface. The official Application Programming Interface (API) is the gateway to access and download public content from Sina Weibo and is used to collect messages for all mainland China. The nearby_timeline() request is used to harvest only messages with associated location information. This technical note serves as a reference for researchers who do not speak Mandarin but want to collect data from this rich source of information. Ways of data visualization are presented as a point cloud, density per areal unit, or clustered using Density‐Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). The relation of messages to census information is also given.
Respiratory virus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a tropical center: Predictive value of the immunodeficiency scoring index
Authors: Wang Lin , Allen John , Diong Colin , Goh Yeow‐Tee , Gopalakrishnan Sathish , Ho Aloysius , Hwang William , Lim Francesca , Oon Lynette , Tan Thuan‐Tong , Linn Yeh‐Ching , Tan Ban Hock 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory virus infection (RVI) is a prevalent infection in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo‐HSCT) and can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Ability to assess the potential severity of RVI is important in the management of such patients.MethodsWe reviewed the cases of RVI in allo‐HSCT recipients and explored the predictive value of the immunodeficiency scoring index (ISI) established for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and its applicability for RVI caused by other respiratory viruses.ResultsRVI occurred year‐round in our tropical transplant center, with peaks in the middle and end of the year. Ninety‐five of the 195 recipients developed a total of 191 episodes of RVI, giving a cumulative incidence of 28% by 6 months and 52% by 24 months for the first episode of RVI. RSV, influenza, rhinovirus, and parainfluenza were the most common viruses. Pneumonia occurred in 63.64%, 42.31%, and 32.42% of adenovirus, influenza, and RSV RVI episodes, respectively, but was also non‐negligible in the more benign viruses, such as coronavirus (31.58%) and rhinovirus (23.68%). Nineteen of the 63 episodes of viral pneumonia required mechanical ventilation and 14 deaths occurred within 6 weeks of the RVI. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that an ISI of ≥8 predicted pneumonia with a positive predictive value of >80% for RVI caused by RSV, influenza, adenovirus, and parainfluenza, while it was not predictive for coronavirus and rhinovirus.ConclusionsThe ISI is a useful aid for decision‐making during clinic consultation for patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of an RVI.
Risk factors, survival, and impact of prophylaxis length in cytomegalovirus‐seropositive lung transplant recipients: A prospective, observational, multicenter study
Authors: Monforte Victor , Sintes Helena , López‐Gallo Cristina , Delgado Maria , Santos Francisco , Zurbano Felipe , Solé Amparo , Gavaldá Joan , Borro Jose Maria , Redel‐Montero Javier , Cifrian Jose Manuel , Pastor Amparo , Román Antonio , Ussetti Piedad 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal length of cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in lung transplantation according to CMV serostatus is not well established.MethodsWe have performed a prospective, observational, multicenter study to determine the incidence of CMV infection and disease in 92 CMV‐seropositive lung transplant recipients (LTR), their related outcomes and risk factors, and the impact of prophylaxis length.ResultsAt 18 months post transplantation, 37 patients (40%) developed CMV infection (23 [25%]) or disease (14 [15.2%]). Overall mortality was higher in patients with CMV disease (64.3% vs 10.2%; P<.001), but only one patient died from CMV disease. In the multivariate analysis, CMV disease was an independent death risk factor (odds ratio [OR] 18.214, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.120‐80.527; P<.001). CMV disease incidence was higher in patients with 90‐day prophylaxis than in those with 180‐day prophylaxis (31.3% vs 11.8%; P=.049). Prophylaxis length was an independent risk factor for CMV disease (OR 4.974, 95% CI 1.231‐20.094; P=.024). Sixteen patients withdrew from prophylaxis because of adverse events.ConclusionCMV infection and disease in CMV‐seropositive LTR remain frequent despite current prophylaxis. CMV disease increases mortality, whereas 180‐day prophylaxis reduces the incidence of CMV disease.
Red blood cell metabolic responses to refrigerated storage, rejuvenation, and frozen storage
Authors: D'Alessandro Angelo , Gray Alan D. , Szczepiorkowski Zbigniew M. , Hansen Kirk , Herschel Louise H. , Dumont Larry J. 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUNDStorage of red blood cells (RBCs) under blood bank conditions promotes metabolic modulation within the RBC. This “metabolic storage lesion” may affect the quality and safety of the transfused RBCs. The aim of this study is to determine the metabolic changes in stored RBCs over 42 days of routine storage followed by a US Food and Drug Administration‐approved method of rejuvenation, freezing, and preparation for transfusion.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe exploited a mass spectrometry‐based metabolomics approach to monitor 42‐day‐stored citrate phosphate dextrose/AS‐1 RBCs (n = 29) that were rejuvenated, glycerolized and frozen, then thawed and deglycerolized, and held for 24 hours at 1 to 6ºC in saline‐glucose.RESULTSPreviously reported metabolic alterations were confirmed in 42‐day‐old RBCs. In this study, in total, 181 (62%) of the biochemical compounds exhibited significant (p ≤ 0.05) change compared with Day 0 values. Rejuvenation restored adenosine triphosphate and 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate levels, replenished purine reservoirs, up regulated glycolysis, increased levels of pentose phosphate pathway intermediates, and partially rescued glutathione biosynthesis. Increased levels of lysophospholipid in rejuvenated RBCs suggests the activation of recycling pathways of damaged membrane lipids, in which a total of 167 (57%) biochemical compounds showed significant change compared with Day 42 values.CONCLUSIONRejuvenation reversed over one‐half of the metabolic biochemical compounds evaluated compared with Day 42 values, and the compounds were stable through frozen storage and preparation for transfusion. Rejuvenation promoted significant metabolic reprogramming, including the reactivation of energy‐generating and antioxidant pathways (the pentose phosphate pathway and glutathione homeostasis), salvage reactions, cofactor reservoirs, and membrane lipid recycling.