bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matrix Viscoelasticity Tunes the Mechanobiological Behavior of Chondrocytes
Authors: Lan Minhua , Liu Yanli , Liu Junjiang , Zhang Jing , Haider Muhammad Adnan , Zhang Yanjun , Zhang Quanyou 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn articular cartilage, the pericellular matrix acting as a specialized mechanical microenvironment modulates environmental signals to chondrocytes through mechanotransduction. Matrix viscoelastic alterations during cartilage development and osteoarthritis (OA) degeneration play an important role in regulating chondrocyte fate and cartilage matrix homeostasis. In recent years, scientists are gradually realizing the importance of matrix viscoelasticity in regulating chondrocyte function and phenotype. Notably, this is an emerging field, and this review summarizes the existing literatures to the best of our knowledge. This review provides an overview of the viscoelastic properties of hydrogels and the role of matrix viscoelasticity in directing chondrocyte behavior. In this review, we elaborated the mechanotransuction mechanisms by which cells sense and respond to the viscoelastic environment and also discussed the underlying signaling pathways. Moreover, emerging insights into the role of matrix viscoelasticity in regulating chondrocyte function and cartilage formation shed light into designing cell‐instructive biomaterial. We also describe the potential use of viscoelastic biomaterials in cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Future perspectives on mechanobiological comprehension of the viscoelastic behaviors involved in tissue homeostasis, cellular responses, and biomaterial design are highlighted. Finally, this review also highlights recent strategies utilizing viscoelastic hydrogels for designing cartilage‐on‐a‐chip.
Beyond body mass index: Body composition profiling for perioperative risk stratification in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients
Authors: Kolck Johannes , Hosse Clarissa , Beetz Nick Lasse , Auer Timo Alexander , Marth Adrian Alexander , Segger Laura , Krenzien Felix , Lurje Georg , Pelzer Uwe , Geisel Dominik , Schöning Wenzel , Fehrenbach Uli 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC) is an aggressive tumor, usually detected at an advanced stage. Our aim was to investigate the potential of body composition analysis (BCA) derived from presurgical staging computed tomography (CT) in predicting perisurgical complications.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 86 patients who underwent CT imaging prior to liver surgery. Cox and logistic regression were performed to assess risk factors for prolonged hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stays, as well as the occurrence of various complications. BCA parameters served as covariates besides conventional risk factors.ResultsPostoperative complications after resection of iCC significantly prolonged the overall length of hospitalization (p < .001). Presence of sarcopenia was associated with longer ICU stays. Complications were common, with 62.5% classified as Clavien–Dindo grade IIIa or lower and 37.5% as more severe. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were identified as risk factors for complications, including bile leakage (in 24 cases, p = .025), pleural effusions (in 26 cases, p = .025), and intra‐abdominal abscess formation (in 24 cases, p = .043). SAT was associated with severe complications requiring interventional therapy, whereas VAT was correlated with abscess formation. Despite normal prevalence of obesity (22%), body mass index (BMI) did not have an impact on the development of perioperative complications.ConclusionBCA is a useful tool for preoperative risk stratification in patients with iCC and is superior to BMI assessment. Increased SAT and VAT were associated with the risk of perisurgical complications, prolonging hospitalization. Therefore, BCA derived from routine staging CT should be considered in the preoperative assessment of patients with iCC.
Pseudonormal Morphology of Salivary Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Cells Subverts the Antitumor Reactivity of Immune Cells: A Tumour‐Cell–Based Initiation of Immune Evasion
Authors: Chakraborty Rajdeep , Zaw Thiri , Khodlan Pallavi , Darido Charbel , Palmisano Giuseppe , Chien Arthur , Tay Aidan , Ranganathan Shoba , Liu Fei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionSalivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) occurs within the head and neck region. So far immune check point inhibitors failed in ACC. Gipie (CCDC88B) is a microtubule linker protein that activates immune cells. Gipie expressions found in head and neck cancer cells. We hypothesised that the presence of Gipie diminishes anti‐tumour reactivity of immune cells towards head and neck cancer.MethodTo determine the effect of Gipie in oral and salivary gland cancer cells, Gipie was silenced in cancer cells in cancer‐immune cells co‐culture models and we performed 3D Z series confocal imaging, annexin V and immune activation flow cytometry, proteome profiler and discovery phase proteomics.ResultsACC cells morphed into pseudonormal morphology in immune co‐culture models. Silencing Gipie in ACC cells showed significant increase of apoptotic cells and activated natural killer cells, and lowering of regulatory T cells. Other salivary and oral cancer cells showed negligible effect of Gipie. Proteome profiler and proteomics assay confirmed Gipie affecting proliferation mechanism and immune activated proteins in ACC immune co‐culture models.ConclusionOverall, we conclude that the presence of Gipie has a confounding role during the ACC–immune cell interaction.
Case Report: Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Orbit in a Patient With Carney's Syndrome Treated With Multidisciplinary Approaches
Authors: Rahman Md. Arifur , Balakrishnan Rajesh , Mostofa Mohammad Golam , Islam Mohammed Rashedul , Kabir Enamul , Islam Md. Shariful , Naznin Bidoura , Das Arunangshu , Chowdhury Qamruzzaman 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSquamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare malignancy of invasive epithelium with keratinocyte differentiation, and it is the most common form of eyelid malignant neoplasm, comprising 5%–10% of malignancies. While SCC rarely affects the orbit, it may be involved through local invasion from a cutaneous primary site or extension by perineural invasion. Only 12 cases of primary orbital SCC have been reported until now. Here, we present a case of primary carcinoma of the right orbit with coexisting Carney's syndrome, a rare genetic disorder associated with multiple endocrine neoplasias (MEN) syndromes.CaseA 62‐year‐old South Asian male presented with a painful swelling in the lateral aspect of the right eyebrow and protrusion of the eyeball in August 2020. He had a history of excision of Right atrial Myxoma in March 2020. Orbital computerized tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET‐CT) scans revealed an enhancing soft tissue lesion in the right orbit with the involvement of frontal and ethmoid sinuses. Biopsy confirmed HPV‐related poorly differentiated SCC, positive for HPV‐related markers. The patient received concurrent chemo irradiation with Cisplatin. Follow‐up PET‐CT done 3 months later showed a new lesion appeared in the right orbital region and right lobe of thyroid. Later had surgical excision and total thyroidectomy, and histopathological examination (HPE) from orbit was reported as invasive SCC and from the thyroid was reported as synchronous papillary thyroid cancer. The patient's proptosis resolved, and subsequent PET‐CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans did not show any residual or recurrent disease.ConclusionPrimary SCC of the orbit is an extremely rare disease, and this case report presents the 13th reported case and the first one associated with Carney's syndrome. As there is no standard treatment regimen for primary SCC of the orbit, this case highlights the use of multimodality treatment, including surgical excision and chemo irradiation. The findings emphasize the importance of early detection and management of this uncommon and life‐threatening condition, providing hope for patients and aiding in the prevention of recurrence.
Exome Sequencing Starting from Single Cells
Authors: Andreou Ioanna , Storbeck Markus , Hahn Peter , Rulli Samuel , Lader Eric 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSingle‐cell genomic analysis enables researchers to gain novel insights across diverse research areas, including developmental biology, tumor heterogeneity, and disease pathogenesis. Conducting single‐cell genomic analysis using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) methods has traditionally been challenging as the amount of genomic DNA present in a single cell is limited. Advancements in multiple displacement amplification (MDA) technologies allow the unbiased amplification of limited quantities of DNA under conditions that maintain its integrity. This method of amplification results in high yield and facilitates the generation of high‐complexity NGS libraries that ensure the highest coverage to effectively allow variant calling.With the introduction of new sequencing platforms and chemistry, whole genome sequencing became a more cost‐effective application, but enrichment of specific regions of interest further reduces the amount of required sequencing output and associated costs. There are two enrichment methods, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–based and hybrid‐capture‐based methods. PCR‐based methods are very flexible and highly effective but focus on specific loci, typically known to be associated with disease. Inherited diseases of unknown genetic origin require a more comprehensive approach to capture the genetic variation that is not yet associated with a specific disease. Hybrid capture enrichment methods require considerable amounts of DNA such that exome enrichment from single cells is only possible after preamplification of this limited material.This article describes the complete workflow from single cells and small quantities of DNA to exome‐NGS libraries for Illumina sequencing instruments and includes the following protocols: © 2024 QIAGEN GmbH. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 04 October 2024. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol 1: Whole genome amplification from single cells or small amounts of gDNABasic Protocol 2: NGS library generation of MDA‐amplified materialBasic Protocol 3: Exome enrichment
Critical Challenges, Cooperative Solutions
Authors: Joosse Tess 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAgriculture in the United States faces significant challenges, including food insecurity, climate change, environmental degradation, and rural prosperity issues. The USDA Long‐Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) Network, which comprises 18 national sites, aims to address these challenges through sustainable intensification. Each site conducts a “Common Experiment” to compare traditional management practices with new alternative strategies. Upcoming special sections in the Journal of Environmental Quality will highlight the LTAR Network’s work and progress in implementing these experiments nationwide.
Estimating Treatment Goal Weights in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa and Atypical Anorexia Nervosa: Comparison of the Median BMI and Historical BMI Percentile
Authors: Jary (Franklin) Jessica M. , Winnie Samantha L. , Prohaska Natalie , Bravender Terrill , Van Huysse Jessica L. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDetermining an accurate treatment goal weight (TGW) is critical for treating eating disorders requiring weight restoration. This is challenging in adolescents since body mass index (BMI) normally increases over time. Median BMI (mBMI) is often used to determine TGW, though use of historical growth trajectories is increasingly common. Using the appropriate method to set TGW may be particularly important in treating individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) whose prior growth was substantially above or below the median, and in atypical anorexia (AAN) where prior growth is, by definition, above the median.Objectives(1) Compare differences between TGWs based on mBMI and historical BMI percentile (hBMI) in patients with AN and AAN. (2) Determine whether either TGW method better predicted scores on the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), heart rate, and menstrual status during treatment.MethodRetrospective chart review of 197 adolescents with AN or AAN completing a partial hospitalization program (PHP).ResultsFor AN, the within‐person variation between methods varied up to 11.3 kg, though the average TGW was similar if derived from the mBMI or hBMI. In AAN, the average hBMI TGW was higher than mBMI TGW, and within‐person variation was up to 19.3 kg. Associations between hBMI TGW and mBMI with heart rate, menstrual status, and EDE scores varied.DiscussionWithin‐person differences in TGWs derived from hBMI versus mBMI can be large, with prominent differences in AAN, where hBMI TGW is significantly higher.
Biological and physical controls of methane uptake in grassland soils across the US Great Plains
Authors: Koyama Akihiro , Johnson Nels G. , Brewer Paul , Webb Colleen T. , von Fischer Joseph C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe grassland biome is an important sink for atmospheric methane (CH4), a major greenhouse gas. There is considerable uncertainty in the grassland CH4 sink capacity due to diverse environmental gradients in which grasslands occur, and many environmental conditions can affect abiotic (e.g., CH4 diffusivity into soils) and biotic (e.g., methanotrophy) factors that determine spatial and temporal CH4 dynamics. We investigated the relative importance of a soil's gas diffusivity versus net methanotroph activity in 22 field plots in seven sites distributed across the US Great Plains by making approximately biweekly measures during the growing seasons over 3 years. We quantified net methanotroph activity and diffusivity by using an approach combining a gas tracer, chamber headspace measurements, and a mathematical model. At each plot, we also measured environmental characteristics, including water‐filled pore space (WFPS), soil temperature, and inorganic nitrogen contents, and examined the relative importance of these for controlling diffusivity and net methanotroph activity. At most of the plots across the seven sites, CH4 uptake rates were consistently greatest when WFPS was intermediate at the plot level. Our results show that variation in net methanotroph activity was more important than diffusivity in explaining temporal variations in net CH4 uptake, but the two factors were equally important for driving spatial variation across the seven sites. WFPS was a significant predictor for diffusivity only in plots with sandy soils. WFPS was the most important control on net methanotroph activity, with net methanotroph activity showing a parabolic response to WFPS (concave down), and the shape of this response differed significantly among sites. Moreover, we found that the WFPS level at peak net methanotroph activity was strongly correlated with the mean annual precipitation of the site. These results suggest that the local precipitation regime determines unique sensitivity of CH4 uptake rates to soil moisture. Our findings indicate that grassland CH4 uptake may be predicted using local soil water conditions. More variable soil moisture, potentially induced through predicted future extremes of rainfall and drought, could reduce grassland CH4 sink capacity in the future.
Densimetric sorting of olives to control olive oil quality
Authors: Spadi Agnese , Corti Ferdinando , Angeloni Giulia , Calamai Luca , Masella Piernicola , Parenti Alessandro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExtra virgin is the most valuable commercial category among olive oils, and its quality is influenced by various factors, among which the olive fruit plays a fundamental role. The olives that enter the mill exhibit significant variability in physical and chemical characteristics, potentially impacting the quality of the extracted oil. Therefore, selecting the olives in post‐harvest could be a crucial step, especially for differentiating the final product and producing high‐quality oil. This work aimed to conduct post‐harvest densimetric sorting of the olives. For this purpose, a saline solution was used with different concentrations of salt over the 3 days of harvesting, which made it possible to divide the initial olive batch into two sub‐batches with different densities. The respective oil was extracted from each sub‐batch, called low‐ and high‐density oils, respectively, and then appropriate physical–chemical analyses were performed to characterize both the olives and the oils. Although both oils were classified as extra virgin, significant differences were observed, with higher concentrations of phenolic and volatile compounds associated with positive sensory attributes in the low‐density oils. Densimetric sorting of olives could represent a novel approach in the field of extra virgin olive oil production, enabling potential differentiation of the final product.Practical Applications: The results obtained in the study could be applied at an industrial level to classify olives in the post‐harvest phase. This could allow to produce extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) with different chemical and sensory characteristics, particularly in terms of volatile and phenolic compounds. This would make it possible to diversify the production of EVOO, satisfy the diverse needs of consumers, allow producers to be more competitive in the market, and, in general, improve the overall quality of the final product.
Fragility functions for low‐damage post‐tensioned timber frames
Authors: Matteoni Michele , Ciurlanti Jonathan , Bianchi Simona , Pampanin Stefano 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe growing concern over environmental impact and the significant improvement in the quality of engineered wood products have led to the rapid growth of the timber building industry in the last decades. Although traditional, yet recent, mass timber structural systems, such as cross‐laminated timber walls, can provide satisfactory seismic performance during earthquakes in terms of life‐safety, the crucial need for more resilient timber buildings has prompted the development of low‐damage high‐performance self‐centring and dissipative solutions based on unbonded post‐tensioned hybrid connections, referred to as Pres‐Lam technology. The flexibility of design and construction speed, combined with the enhanced seismic performance, create a unique potential towards an earthquake‐proof sustainable building system. Despite the growing popularity of the technology, a comprehensive framework for the fragility analysis, to be used in risk and loss modelling applications, has not yet been developed for both component and building levels.This article aims to develop a framework for assessing the fragility curves of moment‐resisting Pres‐Lam frame systems, at both structural system and connection levels, by using and comparing different approaches that involve nonlinear static (pushover) and time history dynamic analyses. A Python‐based parametric workflow was developed to evaluate fragility curves for a wide range of case‐study buildings. Particularly, three distinct structures were selected, and their fragility curves were evaluated utilizing alternative methodologies at a building structural‐system level. Finally, fragility models were fitted for individual structural connections using the results of time‐history analyses. These models are intended for use in a component‐based loss assessment.
Do Crops Grown at Urban Dumpsites Contain Metals at Levels that Pose Unacceptable Health Risks to Consumers?
Authors: Awino Florence Barbara , Maher William A. , Fai Patricia Bi Asanga 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Excessive dietary metal intake from crops grown on contaminated urban dumpsites poses a global health risk to consumers. We evaluated the health risk to adult and child consumers from dietary exposure to metals and metalloids in crops cultivated at the Mbale (Uganda) dumpsite centre. Thirteen crop types grown on the dumpsite soil were sampled and analyzed for concentrations of 11 metals: Fe, Al, Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Hg, Co, Ni, Cd, and two metalloids: Se and As. Different proportions of the crops were combined into 12 meal classes to simulate the diets of residents and estimate noncancer and cancer risks. The findings indicated that most individual crop types and simulated diets lacked sufficient selenium for bodily functions. Furthermore, their metal accumulations exceeded the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits (mg/kg) for Al (20), Fe (100), Ni (10), Cu (20), Mn (10), Pb (0.3), Se (0.05), and Zn (99.4). The four most abundant metals in the various crop types and diets were Al, Fe, Mn, and Zn. A positive correlation between the metals in the crops indicated a common origin, which could possibly be the dumpsite soil. The chronic dietary intake (CDI) of metals was higher in children, and thus children faced higher noncancer and cancer risks compared with adults. The overall CDI values for each metal ranged from 0.000718 to 2.171 in adults, and 0.00125 to 3.781662 in children, which is approximately 1.74 times higher in children than in adult consumers. The noncancer and cancer risks ranged from moderate to high with Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, and Zn being mostly responsible for the high noncancer risks, and Al being the predominant contributor to cancer risks. The total noncancer risk levels equally ranged from moderate (1.4–3.3) for adults, and moderate to high (2.4–5.7) for children; the cancer risks were moderate to high in adults, with Al contributing to between 68% and 92% of the total risks across the 12 meal classes. Overall, CDI values and noncancer and cancer risks were all higher in children than in adults. The vegetables Amaranthus hybridus, Vigna unguiculate, Amaranthus dubius, and Cucurbita maxima significantly contributed to the high noncancer risk to both adults and children, particularly when they constituted 40% or more of the meal. Four additional vegetables (Cocorhrous olitorous, Brassica oleracea, Amaranthus cruentus, and Gynandropsis gynandra) also posed a high risk to children when consumed in large quantities. Our results highlight the urgent need to develop regulatory frameworks and/or rigorously enforce existing land and food governance policies to protect consumers' health from unsafe metal concentrations in crops grown on dumpsites. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:2628–2644. © 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Contribution of crop types to cancer risk exposure.