bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interobserver agreement on standardized ultrasound and histopathologic signs for the prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum disorders
Authors: Zosmer Nurit , Jauniaux Eric , Bunce Catey , Panaiotova Jenie , Shaikh Hizbullah , Nicholaides Kypros H. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate interobserver agreement in assessment of ultrasound signs and histopathologic findings associated with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted using data for patients prenatally diagnosed with PAS disorders at a UK hospital between January 31, 2012, and March 30, 2017. Ultrasound images (including gray‐scale and color Doppler imaging [CDI] parameters) and histopathologic slides were reviewed by two observers; the level of agreement was calculated.ResultsAmong 25 patients, 11 had placenta creta, 10 had placenta increta, and four had placenta percreta. Interobserver agreement for ultrasound imaging in the second and third trimesters and histopathologic diagnosis of PAS was rated as good‐to‐excellent. The highest level of interobserver agreement for ultrasound signs was found for loss of clear zone (100%) and substantial myometrial thinning (96%–100%) on gray‐scale imaging, the presence of lacunar feeder vessels (100%) on two‐dimensional CDI, and crossing vessels and lacunae (92%–95%) on three‐dimensional CDI.ConclusionStandardized ultrasound signs might prove useful for prenatal screening of women at risk of PAS disorders and should enable remote evaluation of images when PAS is suspected.
Multiscale characterization of cortical bone composition, microstructure, and nanomechanical properties in experimentally induced osteoporosis
Authors: Shah Furqan A. , Stoica Adrian , Cardemil Carina , Palmquist Anders 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCortical bone plays a vital role in determining overall bone strength. We investigate the structural, compositional, and nanomechanical properties of cortical bone following ovariectomy (OVX) of 12‐week‐old Sprague Dawley rats, since this animal model is frequently employed to evaluate the performance of implantable biomaterials in compromised bone healing conditions. Morphological parameters and material properties of bone in the geometrical center of the femoral cortex were investigated four and eight weeks post‐OVX and in unoperated controls (Ctrl), using X‐ray micro‐computed tomography, backscattered electron scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and nanoindentation. The OVX animals showed increase in body weight, diminished bone mineral density, increased intracortical porosity, but increased bone mass through periosteal apposition (e.g., increases in periosteal perimeter, cortical cross‐sectional thickness, and cross‐sectional area). However, osteocyte densities, osteocyte lacunar dimensions, and the nanomechanical behavior on the single mineralized collagen fibril level remained unaffected. Our correlative multiscale investigation provides structural, chemical, and nanomechanical evidence substantiating earlier reports suggesting that rats ovariectomized at 12 weeks undergo simultaneous bone loss and growth, resulting in the effects of OVX being less obvious. Periosteal apposition contradicts the conventional view of bone loss in osteoporosis but appears advantageous for the greater functional demand imposed on the skeleton by increased body weight and fragility induced by increased intracortical porosity. Through a variety of morphological changes, it is likely that 12‐week‐old rats are able to adapt to OVX‐related microstructural and compositional alterations. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 997–1007, 2018.
The spatial patterning of RGD and BMP‐2 mimetic peptides at the subcellular scale modulates human mesenchymal stem cells osteogenesis
Authors: Bilem I. , Plawinski L. , Chevallier P. , Ayela C. , Sone E. D. , Laroche G. , Durrieu M. C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEngineering artificial extracellular matrices, based on the biomimicry of the spatial distribution of proteins and growth factors within their native microenvironment, is of great importance for understanding mechanisms of bone tissue regeneration. Herein, photolithography is used to decorate glass surfaces with subcellular patterns of RGD and BMP‐2 ligands; two mimetic peptides recognized to be involved in stem cells osteogenesis. The biological relevance of well‐defined RGD and BMP‐2 patterned surfaces is evaluated by investigating the differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into osteoblasts, in the absence of induction media. The extent of hMSCs differentiation is revealed to be dependent on both the pattern shape and the ligand type. Indeed, the spatial patterning of BMP‐2, but not RGD peptide, significantly enhances the extent of hMSCs differentiation, suggesting that geometric cues guide stem cells specification into specialized cells in a ligand type dependent manner. Such cell culture models provide an interesting tool to investigate how stem cells perceive and respond to their microenvironment and may contribute to the development of next‐generation biomaterials capable of producing clinically relevant volume of bone tissue. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 959–970, 2018.
Retracted: Effects of microRNA‐24 targeting C‐myc on apoptosis, proliferation, and cytokine expressions in chondrocytes of rats with osteoarthritis via MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Wu Yuan‐Hao , Liu Wei , Zhang Lei , Liu Xiao‐Ya , Wang Yi , Xue Bin , Liu Bin , Duan Ran , Zhang Bo , Ji Yang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTo investigate whether microRNA‐24 (miR‐24) targeting C‐myc affects chondrocytes of rats with osteoarthritis (OA) via the MAPK signaling pathway. Thirty rats were assigned as a sham group and an OA group (established as OA rat models by cutting the anterior cruciate ligaments and removing 1/3 medial meniscus). TUNEL staining and immunohistochemistry were conducted for cell apoptosis index (AI) and positive expression rate of C‐myc protein. Enzyme‐linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was carried out for serum level of IL‐1β and TNF‐α. Primary chondrocytes were assigned into the blank, negative control (NC), miR‐24 mimics, miR‐24 inhibitors, siRNA‐C‐myc, and miR‐24 inhibitors+siRNA‐C‐myc groups. The expressions of miR‐24, C‐myc, p38, ERK, JNK, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α in tissues and cells were detected using reverse transcription quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Western blotting. CCK8 assay and flow cytometry were performed for cell proliferation and apoptosis. The OA group showed higher IL‐1β, TNF‐α, AI, and C‐myc than the sham group. C‐myc is a target gene of miR‐24. Compared with the blank group, the miR‐24 mimics and siRNA‐C‐myc groups showed reduced expression of C‐myc, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, p38, p‐p38, ERK, p‐ERK, JNK, and p‐JNK, apoptosis rate yet increased cell proliferation; however, the miR‐24 inhibitors group exhibited an opposite trend. The miR‐24 inhibitors+siRNA‐C‐myc group presented a same tendency compared to the siRNA‐C‐myc group. Upregulated miR‐24 downregulates C‐myc could suppress apoptosis and promote proliferation of chondrocytes to prevent the occurrence and subsequent progression of OA via inactivating the MAPK signaling pathway.
Stat3‐Atg5 signal axis inducing autophagy to alleviate hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion injury
Authors: Han Yu‐fang , Zhao Yan‐bing , Li Jun , Li Li , Li Yong‐gan , Li Shi‐peng , Li Zhong‐dong 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTIn performing our experiment, impaired autophagy increased hepatocellular damage during the reperfusion period. It was demonstrated by the effect of blocking autophagy using bafilomycin A1 or knocking Atg5 gene out reduces the anti‐apoptotic effect of Stat3. Here we focus on the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in regulating autophagy to alleviate hepatic IRI. We found that Stat3 was up‐regulated during hepatic IRI and was associated with an activation of the autophagic signaling pathway. This increased Stat3 expression, which was allied with high autophagic activity, alleviated liver damage to IR, an effect which was abrogated by Stat3 epletion as demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro methods. The levels of Atg5 protein were decreased when Stat3 was inhibited by HO 3867 or siStat3. We conclude that Stat3 appeared to exert a pivotal role in hepatic IRI, by activating autophagy to alleviate hepatic IRI, and Atg5 was required for this process. The identification of this novel pathway, that links expression levels of Stat3 with Atg5‐mediated autophagy, may provide new insights for the generation of novel protective therapies directed against hepatic IRI.
Epidermal neural crest stem cell‐derived glia enhance neurotrophic elements in an ex vivo model of spinal cord injury
Authors: Pandamooz Sareh , Salehi Mohammad S. , Zibaii Mohammad I. , Ahmadiani Abolhassan , Nabiuni Mohammad , Dargahi Leila 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGrowing evidence that cell‐based therapies can improve recovery outcome in spinal cord injury (SCI) models substantiates their application for treatment of human with SCI. To address the effectiveness of these stem cells, potential candidates should be evaluated in proper SCI platform that allows direct real‐time monitoring. In this study, the role of epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI‐NCSCs) was elucidated in an ex vivo model of SCI, and valproic acid (VPA) was administered to ameliorate the inhospitable context of injury for grafted EPI‐NCSCs. Here the contusion was induced in organotypic spinal cord slice culture at day seven in vitro using a weight drop device and one hour post injury the GFP‐ expressing EPI‐NCSCs were grafted followed by VPA administration. The evaluation of treated slices seven days after injury revealed that grafted stem cells survived on the injured slices and expressed GFAP, whereas they did not express any detectable levels of the neural progenitor marker doublecortin (DCX), which was expressed prior to transplantation. Immunoblotting data demonstrated that the expression of GFAP, BDNF, neurotrophin‐3 (NT3), and Bcl2 increased significantly in stem cell treated slices. This study illustrated that the fate of transplanted stem cells has been directed to the glial lineage in the ex vivo context of injury and EPI‐NCSCs may ameliorate the SCI condition through releasing neurotrophic factors directly and/or via inducing resident spinal cord cells.
TWEAK/Fn14 interaction induces proliferation and migration in human airway smooth muscle cells via activating the NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Zhu Cuimin , Zhang Leguo , Liu Zhiming , Li Chen , Bai Yajie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAsthma, an increasingly common chronic disease among children, are characterized by airway remodeling, which is partly attributed to the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC). The purpose of the present study was to investigate potential roles and mechanisms of the tumor necrosis factor‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)/fibroblast growth factor‐inducible molecule 14 (Fn14) axis on cell proliferation and migration in HASMCs. Compared to HASMCs from non‐asthmatic patients, those from asthmatic patients showed elevated expression levels of both Fn14 and TWEAK. Additionally, similar to the response triggered by platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB, stimulation with recombinant TWEAK strongly induced cell proliferation and migration in HASMCs. However, depletion of Fn14 remarkably abrogated the enhancement of TWEAK on the cell proliferation and migration of HASMCs. Furthermore, treatment with TWEAK led to the activation of NF‐κB. This effect was eliminated by silencing Fn14, indicating that TWEAK‐induced NF‐κB signaling was mediated via Fn14. Moreover, the TWEAK/Fn14 interaction promoted cell proliferation and migration. These effects were blocked by NF‐κB inhibitor SN50, which suggest that the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling system partially depends on NF‐κB activity. Collectively, we demonstrated that the TWEAK/Fn14 axis accelerated HASMC cell proliferation and migration by activating the NF‐κB pathway, thereby exacerbating airway remodeling in asthma. Altogether, these findings indicate a novel role for the TWEAK/Fn14/NF‐κB pathway as a potent option for limiting airway remodeling in asthma.
Full subgraphs
Authors: Falgas‐Ravry Victor , Markström Klas , Verstraëte Jacques 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLet be a graph of density p on n vertices. Following Erdős, Łuczak, and Spencer, an m‐vertex subgraph H of G is called full if H has minimum degree at least . Let denote the order of a largest full subgraph of G. If is a nonnegative integer, define
urn:x-wiley:03649024:media:jgt22221:jgt22221-math-0005Erdős, Łuczak, and Spencer proved that for ,
urn:x-wiley:03649024:media:jgt22221:jgt22221-math-0007In this article, we prove the following lower bound: for ,
urn:x-wiley:03649024:media:jgt22221:jgt22221-math-0009Furthermore, we show that this is tight up to a multiplicative constant factor for infinitely many p near the elements of . In contrast, we show that for any n‐vertex graph G, either G or contains a full subgraph on vertices. Finally, we discuss full subgraphs of random and pseudo‐random graphs, and several open problems.
Automated synthesis of PET radiotracers by copper‐mediated 18F‐fluorination of organoborons: Importance of the order of addition and competing protodeborylation
Authors: Mossine Andrew V. , Brooks Allen F. , Bernard‐Gauthier Vadim , Bailey Justin J. , Ichiishi Naoko , Schirrmacher Ralf , Sanford Melanie S. , Scott Peter J.H. 
Published: November 2017

In this paper, we describe the use of Cu‐mediated [18F]fluorodeboronation for the automated production of positron emission tomography radiotracers suitable for clinical use. Two recurrent issues with the method, low radiochemical conversion on automation and protoarene byproduct purification issues, have been successfully addressed. The new method was utilized to produce sterile injectable doses of [18F]‐(±)‐IPMICF17, a positron emission tomography radiotracer for tropomyosin receptor kinase B/C, using an automated synthesis module. The product was isolated in 1.9 ± 0.1% isolated radiochemical yield, excellent radiochemical purity (>99%), and high specific activity (5294 ± 1227 Ci/mmol). Quality control testing confirmed that doses were suitable for clinical use.
Characterization of complex, heterogeneous lipid A samples using HPLC‐MS/MS technique III. Positive‐ion mode tandem mass spectrometry to reveal phosphorylation and acylation patterns of lipid A
Authors: Sándor Viktor , Kilár Anikó , Kilár Ferenc , Kocsis Béla , Dörnyei Ágnes 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this study, we report the detailed analysis of the fragmentation patterns of positively charged lipid A species based on their tandem mass spectra obtained under low‐energy collision‐induced dissociation conditions of an electrospray quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer. The tandem mass spectrometry experiments were performed after the separation of the compounds with a reversed‐phase high performance liquid chromatography method. We found that both, phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated lipid A molecules can be readily ionized in the positive‐ion mode by adduct formation with triethylamine added to the eluent. The tandem mass spectra of the lipid A triethylammonium adduct ions showed several product ions corresponding to inter‐ring glycosidic cleavages of the sugar residues, as well as consecutive and competitive eliminations of fatty acids, phosphoric acid, and water following the neutral loss of triethylamine. Characteristic product ions provided direct information on the phosphorylation site(s), also when phosphorylation isomers (ie, containing either a C1 or a C4′ phosphate group) were simultaneously present in the sample. Continuous series of high‐abundance B‐type and low‐abundance Y‐type inter‐ring fragment ions were indicative of the fatty acyl distribution between the nonreducing and reducing ends of the lipid A backbone. The previously reported lipid A structures of Proteus morganii O34 and Escherichia coli O111 bacteria were used as standards. Although, the fragmentation pathways of the differently phosphorylated lipid A species significantly differed in the negative‐ion mode, they were very similar in the positive‐ion mode. The complementary use of positive‐ion and negative‐ion mode tandem mass spectrometry was found to be essential for the full structural characterization of the C1‐monophosphorylated lipid A species.
Determining the number of layers in few‐layer graphene by combining Raman spectroscopy and optical contrast
Authors: Bayle Maxime , Reckinger Nicolas , Felten Alexandre , Landois Périne , Lancry Ophélie , Dutertre Bertrand , Colomer Jean‐François , Zahab Ahmed‐Azmi , Henrard Luc , Sauvajol Jean‐Louis , Paillet Matthieu 
Published: November 2017

Raman spectroscopy is commonly used to determine the number of layers of few‐layer graphene (FLG) samples. In this work, we focus on the criteria based on the G‐band integrated intensity and on the laser optical contrast. Limitations due to stacking order are discussed and lead to the conclusion that it is necessary to combine Raman and optical contrast to avoid misinterpretation. Both methods enable to distinguish unambiguously between single layer graphene and multilayer graphene. However, neither each method separately nor the combination of the two enable a determination of the number of layers for all possible stacking orientations. Importantly, because the two methods always significantly disagree when they fail, the comparison of the values deduced by each method allows to discriminate if the determined number of layers can be specified or not. Other important parameters (substrate, laser wavelength, objective numerical aperture) are discussed to define a reliable method to determine the number of graphene layers in FLG and its domain of validity. The proposed method that combines Raman and optical contrast measurements, carried out with a 532 nm laser and using a 100× objective with a numerical aperture of 0.9, allows the determination of the number of layers for (up to 5) FLG on the following substrates: (1) glass (soda lime glass or similar with refractive index between 1.50 and 1.55) and (2) oxidized silicon (SiO2 on silicon, with a SiO2 thickness of 90 ± 5 nm). The method is however limited to high quality graphene and FLG with small defect density and low residue. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial patterns of sediment connectivity in terraced lands: Anthropogenic controls of catchment sensitivity
Authors: Calsamiglia Aleix , Fortesa Josep , García‐Comendador Julián , Lucas‐Borja Manuel E. , Calvo‐Cases Adolfo , Estrany Joan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn recent decades, the dynamics of global change in developed countries has led to significant alterations in the hydrological and sediment dynamics of terraced land. Agricultural terraces were built to control overland flow and prevent erosion, acting as buffers and barriers throughout the sediment cascading system. Their abandonment and degradation increase the sensitivity of the catchment, promoting the collapse of dry‐stone walls and the reworking of stored sediment. In this study, a geomorphometric index of connectivity—derived from high‐resolution LiDAR data (0.9 pt/m, RMSE < 0.2 m)—analysed the spatial patterns of structural connectivity in a small Mediterranean catchment (4.8 km2) characterized by a massive presence of terraces (37% of the surface area). The morphological characteristics of these anthropogenic features generated a dual effect: (a) general disconnectivity between different compartments of the catchment and (b) concentration of water and sediment flows along preferential pathways promoted by a cascade effect of collapse within the terraced areas. The fieldwork found that 73% of wall collapses were located on these pathways that showed high index of connectivity values (>Q8). This spatial matching was related to feedback dynamics between structural and functional connectivity, in which the failure of walls increases the concentration of runoff, which in turn accelerates the hydraulic processes causing their collapse. Identifying the most connected pathways within the most vulnerable structures in an integrated analysis could be a cost‐effective strategy for establishing priority areas for the management of terraced lands.
Tailor‐Made Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Selective Recognition of the Urinary Tumor Marker Pseudouridine
Authors: Krstulja Aleksandra , Lettieri Stefania , Hall Andrew J. , Roy Vincent , Favetta Patrick , Agrofoglio Luigi A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPseudouridine (Ψ) is an important urinary cancer biomarker, especially in human colorectal cancer (CRC). Disclosed herein is the first Ψ molecularly imprinted polymer (Ψ‐MIP) material obtained from tailor‐engineered functional monomers. The resulting MIP imprint exhibits a remarkable imprinting factor greater than 70. It is successfully used for the selective recognition of Ψ in spiked human urine. This selective functionalized material opens the route to the development of inexpensive disposable chemosensors for noninvasive CRC diagnosis and prognosis.
Rethinking status dystonicus
Authors: Ruiz‐Lopez Marta , Fasano Alfonso 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTStatus dystonicus is a movement disorder emergency that has been a source of controversy in terms of terminology, phenomenology, and management since it was first described in 1982. Here we argue that the current use of the term status dystonicus falls well short of the precision needed for either clinical or academic use. We performed a critical review on this topic, describing possible pathophysiological mechanisms and areas of uncertainties. This review also addresses the problems derived by the extreme clinical heterogeneity of this condition, as the lack of an objective criterion useful for the definition, or the fact that status dystonicus may present not only in the context of a known dystonic syndrome. We propose a new possible definition that includes not only dystonia but also other hyperkinetic movements in the wide range of movement disorders that can be seen during an episode. The new definition keeps the term status dystonicus and highlights the fact that this is a medical emergency based on the impairment of bulbar and/or respiratory function requiring hospital admission as the principal feature. Furthermore, the new definition should not consider as necessary unspecific features as patient's condition at baseline, the distribution of dystonia, occurrence of systemic symptoms such as fever or laboratory findings. We hope that this proposal will stimulate the debate on this subject among our peers, further developing a clinical and pathophysiological understanding of status dystonicus. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society