bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustained Release of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 from Platelet-Rich Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Gels
Authors: Birdwhistell Kate , Karumbaiah Lohitash , Franklin Samuel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractActivated platelet-rich plasma (PRP), also referred to as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), has been used to augment numerous techniques of cartilage repair in the knee but does not always result in superior quality of repair tissue. One possible reason that PRF does not consistently result in excellent cartilage regeneration is the transiency of growth factor provision with PRF. The objective of this study was to compare the release of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 from PRF and from PRP combined with a novel chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan (CS-GAG) gel. PRP was prepared from nine healthy dogs and split into two aliquots: one activated with bovine thrombin and calcium chloride (CaCl2) to form PRF and the other aliquot was used to rehydrate a lyophilized CS-GAG gel. Both PRF and the CS-GAG gels were incubated in media for 13 days and media were collected, stored, and replaced every 48 hours and the concentration of TGF-β1 quantified in the media using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Concentrations of TGF-β1 in the media were up to three times greater with the CS-GAG gels and were significantly (p < 0.05) greater than with PRF on days 3, 5, 7, 9, and 13. Furthermore, TGF-β1 elution was still substantial at day 13 with the use of the CS-GAG gels. Additional in vitro work is warranted to characterize TGF-β1 elution from this CS-GAG gel with human PRP and to determine whether the use of these CS-GAG gels can augment cartilage repair in vivo.
Comparison of removal techniques in the management of buried bumper syndrome: a retrospective cohort study of 82 patients
Authors: Mueller-Gerbes Daniela , Hartmann Bettina , Lima Julio , de Lemos Bonotto Michele , Merbach Christoph , Dormann Arno , Jakobs Ralf 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Buried bumper syndrome is an infrequent complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) that can result in tube dysfunction, gastric perforation, bleeding, peritonitis or death. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of different PEG tube removal methods in the management of buried bumper syndrome in a large retrospective cohort.
Patients and methods From 2002 to 2013, 82 cases of buried bumper syndrome were identified from the databases of two endoscopy referral centers. We evaluated the interval between gastrostomy tube placement and diagnosis of buried bumper syndrome, type of treatment, success rate and complications. Four methods were analyzed: bougie, grasp, needle-knife and minimally invasive push method using a papillotome, which were selected based on the depth of the buried bumper.
Results The buried bumper was cut free with a wire-guided papillotome in 35 patients (42.7 %) and with a needle-knife in 22 patients (26.8 %). It could be pushed into the stomach with a dilator without cutting in 10 patients (12.2 %), and was pulled into the stomach with a grasper in 12 patients (14.6 %). No adverse events (AEs) were registered in 70 cases (85.4 %). Bleeding occurred in 7 patients (31.8 %) after cutting with a needle-knife papillotome and in 1 patient (8.3 %) after grasping. No bleeding was recorded after using a standard papillotome or a bougie (P < 0.05). Ten of 22 patients (45.5 %) treated with the needle-knife had a serious AE and 1 patient died (4.5 %).
Conclusions We recommend that incomplete buried bumpers be removed with a bougie. In cases of complete buried bumper syndrome, the bumper should be cut with a wire-guided papillotome and pushed into the stomach.
Königsweg oder Traumtänzerkonzept?
Authors: Gangloff Luiza , Melka Larus 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Räume für die Vorbereitung der Instrumententische Um die gesetzlich
vorgeschriebenen Maßnahmen einzuhalten, muss die Vorbereitung der
Instrumententische entweder im OP-Saal oder in einem dafür vorgesehenen Raum mit
der gleichen Raumklasse wie im OP-Saal stattfinden. Ein grundlegendes Ziel im
OP-Bereich ist die Optimierung der Auslastung beziehungsweise die Reduktion der
Wechselzeiten. Zur parallelen Durchführung der Prozesse – Saalreinigung und
Richten der Instrumente – ist die bauliche Realisierung eines separaten Raums
erforderlich. Über dessen Notwendigkeit besteht in der Regel Konsens mit den
Nutzern einer OP-Abteilung. Bei Aspekten wie Anzahl, Fläche und baulicher
Gestaltung gehen die Meinungen jedoch oft auseinander. Wir stellen Ihnen
verschiedene Konzepte vor.
Kultursensible Pflege
Authors: Welk Ina 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Patienten mit Migrationshintergrund Die Pflege von Patienten mit
interkulturellem Hintergrund stellt für das Pflege- und ärztliche Personal eine
große Herausforderung dar, da oftmals ein Unverständnis für die fremde Kultur
vorliegt – und zwar auf beiden Seiten. Um „Fettnäpfchen“ zu vermeiden, sind
Fingerspitzengefühl und Wissen über die kulturellen Besonderheiten gefragt.
Neues bei Kopfschmerzen
Authors: Diener Hans-Christoph , Gaul Charly , Holle-Lee Dagny , Lazaridis Lazaros , Nägel Steffen , Obermann Mark 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die neuesten relevanten Informationen zu Thema Kopf- und Gesichtsschmerzen. Epidemiologische Daten
aus neuen Studien z. B. zum Zusammenhang von Migräne mit einem PFO, dem kardiovaskulären Risiko, dem Verhalten der Migränekopfschmerzen
während und nach der Menopause und der Entwicklung von „White Matter Lesions“ und der Migräne Genetik werden berichtet. Zur Pathophysiologie
der Migräne gibt es Neuigkeiten zur Aktivität des Hypothalamus während der Prodromalphase und dem Zusammenspiel von Hypothalamus und
Hirnstamm. Bezüglich der Attackentherapie konnten im letzten Jahr aus Studien und Metanalysen neue Informationen zum Triptaneinsatz, der
Behandlung der menstruellen Migränen und den hemiplegischen Migränevarianten generiert werden. Des Weiteren besteht Hoffnung für die bereits
verloren geglaubte Substanzgruppe der CGRP (calcitoningene related peptide)-Antagonisten, da die bisherigen Studiendaten zu Ubrogepant
keinen Hinweis auf Hepatotoxizität geben und die Wirksamkeit der Substanz belegen. Die Neuigkeiten zur Migräneprophylaxe konzentrieren sich
größtenteils auf den Stand der Untersuchungen zur Behandlung mit monoklonalen Antikörpern gegen CGRP und dessen Rezeptor, aber auch weiter
Studiendaten zu bekannten Migräneprophlaktika und neuen interessanten Ansätzen werden kompakt diskutiert. Des Weiteren werden Neuigkeiten
bezüglich des Kopfschmerz bei Medikamentenübergebrauch und dem Kopfschmerz von Spannungstyp, ebenso wie für die trigeminoautonomen
Kopfschmerzen, die Trigeminusneuralgie und den „Neu aufgetretenen täglichen Kopfschmerz“ übersichtlich dargestellt.
Evolution of nonspectral rhodopsin function at high altitudes
Authors: Castiglione Gianni M. , Hauser Frances E. , Liao Brian S. , Lujan Nathan K. , Van Nynatten Alexander , Morrow James M. , Schott Ryan K. , Bhattacharyya Nihar , Dungan Sarah Z. , Chang Belinda S. W. 
Published: June 2017

SignificanceProtein evolution in response to different environments has long been of interest to both evolutionary biologists and biochemists. High-altitude specialist catfishes in the Andes mountains offer an opportunity to examine the molecular adaptations accompanying adaptation to cold environments. Rhodopsins and other visual pigments form the first step in vision and have long been a model system for studying the molecular basis of sensory adaptations; however, many of these studies have focused solely on spectral shifts. Recent studies suggest that other aspects of function are as important for visual performance. We demonstrate that high-altitude amino acid variants significantly accelerate RH1 kinetics. These results suggest that the activity–stability trade-off characterized in cold-adapted enzymes also affects adaptation of signaling proteins through similar molecular mechanisms.
Togetherness or othering?
Authors: Taylor Charlotte 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This chapter addresses the theme of othering by reporting on preliminary work from a European project aimed at building a dictionary of migration discourse keywords. The chapter investigates the use of the terms COMMUNITY and comunità in two British and Italian newspapers (Guardian, Times, Repubblica, Corriere della Sera) using corpus-assisted discourse analysis. In the first stage, it shows how these terms are interpreted as keywords of migration discourse. In the second, it examines the evaluative weighting of these lexical items. Contrary to previous work (e.g. Williams, 1983; Gallissot, 2007), it is shown here that the terms COMMUNITY and comunità are actually used as part of a pattern of othering, when employed in the context of migration discourse.
The European “stranger” in Le Monde’s headline discourse
Authors: Le Élisabeth 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Using systemic functional grammar, a qualitative/quantitative, top-down/bottom-up, three-pronged approach of Le Monde’s print and online headline discourse on “Europe” during 2014 revealed the existence of three groups of “Other Europeans”: non-EU member states, “visible” because of their political, economic or strategic weight, “quasi-invisible” States who joined the EU in 2004 or later, and non-EU members, invisible for their lack of political, economic or strategic weight. These various degrees of visibility, combined with the foregrounding of the European Union, point to the construction of “strangers within”, whose quasi-invisibility and quality of “neither foe nor friend” may result in them being perceived as potentially “dangerous”.
Profiling of new Europeans in the British conservative press
Authors: Szymańska Jolanta 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This chapter presents an exploratory analysis of discursive strategies through which Europe and Europeans are represented, focusing on how their images are profiled in the texts of the British conservative newspaper Daily Telegraph, a quality newspaper ranked as one of the three most widely read in the UK throughout the 2000s. We explore articles retrieved from the Internet version of the Daily Telegraph
from the 1st of May, 2004 to the 1st of May, 2009, aiming to establish the patterns of distribution of the words “EU”, “Europe” or “European”, and discover possible othering techniques that do not overtly transgress the rules of political correctness. Such covert profiling, among other factors, can hardly be underestimated as a determinant in the process of opinion forming and decision making among the general public, the effects of which have been revealed in time, as witnessed during the Brexit referendum. Cognitive images can be projected and, in the process of repetition, legitimized through language use. Thus, when a given lexical patterning appears regularly, it acquires the potential of shaping particular perceptions of objects and ideas. Both quantitative and interpretative analyses of the corpus amounting to 550,000 words have revealed a range of subtle othering techniques through which the concept of Europeans has been significantly and consistently profiled.
Discursive legitimation of criminalization and victimization of sub-Saharan immigrants in Spanish El País and ABC newspapers
Authors: Martínez Lirola María 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This chapter analyses some visual characteristics used to criminalize and victimize sub-Saharan immigrants in a sample from the Spanish press. It contributes to the debate on the discursive construction of “the other”, in this case, the sub-Saharan immigrant, in the quality Spanish press. The corpus consists of all the news items published on sub-Saharan immigrants in the digital editions of the two most popular Spanish newspapers, El País and ABC, from 1 January 2012 to 1 January 2015. Visual grammar (Kress and van Leeuwen, 2006) and the model proposed by van Leeuwen (1996, 2008) for the analysis of the representation of social actors is used to deconstruct the main visual strategies used by the Spanish press to criminalize and victimize immigrants in order to reinforce the us–them dichotomy and to legitimize the representation of sub-Saharan immigrants as “the others”. The main findings of the study show how immigrants are represented as criminals and victims, which does not favour their integration but contributes to the highlighting of racist attitudes and discrimination.
Negotiating an identity
Authors: Molek-Kozakowska Katarzyna 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The chapter investigates the mediated entextualizations of the identities of Polish immigrants to the UK in the period of post-crisis politics and economic reforms. The media discourse studied is collected from MojaWyspa.co.uk (MyIsland), one of the largest Polish-language online hubs designed for the substantial Polish community living on the British Isles. The study shows which discursive strategies of othering are employed to delimit the Polish immigrants’ collective identity, which self/other-presentation techniques are used, and how this group identity is legitimized argumentatively. It examines the linguistic realizations of self/other reference, active/passive and positive/negative predication strategies, topoi and argumentative schema for self-legitimization and various framing devices, as well as the mitigation of the sense of identity crisis through temporality. It reveals the diversity of Polish immigrants’ self-presentation techniques and proves the Polish migrant identity to be in the process of renegotiation.
Monument as semiotic landscape
Authors: Huebner Thom , Phoocharoensil Supakorn 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
As semiotic spaces, monuments convey messages through multiple information design modes, including language, materiality and
emplacement. As research on semiotic landscape has pointed out (e.g., Shohamy and Waksman
2009, Abousnnouga and Machin 2010, Train
2016), these messages are often contested in nature and convey competing discourses inherent in the spaces they occupy.
This paper explores those competing discourses manifested in a monument dedicated to the 1976 student protest and violent
suppression of it by the Thai military and right-wing paramilitary groups. Working within a production of space framework (Lefebvre 1991) and drawing on insights from the grammar of visual design (Kress and van Leeuwen 2006) and nexus analysis (Scollon and Scollon 2004), the paper attempts to show how these contested discourses are reflected in the monument’s
historiography as conceived, in its physical appearance and emplacement, and as it is experienced today. The analysis is based on
photographic data of the monument and its immediate physical context, published accounts of the events of October 6, and
interviews with survivors, commemoration planners, and the monument’s designer.
Expression and purification of swine RAG2 in E. coli for production of porcine RAG2 polyclonal antibodies
Authors: Jin Yu-Bei , Yang Wen-Tao , Huang Ke-Yan , Chen Hong-Liang , Shonyela Seria-Masole , Liu Jing , Liu Qiong , Feng Bo , Zhou You , Zhi Shu-Li , Jiang Yan-Long , Wang Jian-Zhong , Huang Hai-Bin , Shi Chun-Wei , Yang Gui-Lian , Wang Chun-Feng 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Recombination activating gene 2 (RAG2) is necessary for immature B cell differentiation. Antibodies to human and rabbit RAG2 are currently commercially available, but antibodies to swine RAG remain unavailable to date. In this study, the swine RAG2 genes sequence was synthesized and then cloned into a pET-28a vector. The recombinant fusion protein was successfully expressed in E. coli, purified through nickel column chromatography, and further digested with Tobacco Etch Virus protease. The cleaved protein was purified by molecular-exclusion chromatography and named pRAG2. We used pRAG2 to immunize rabbits, collected the serum and purified rabbit anti-pRAG2 polyclonal antibodies. The rabbit anti-pRAG2 polyclonal antibodies were tested via immunofluorescence on eukaryotic cells overexpressing pRAG2 and also able to recognize pig natural RAG2 and human RAG2 protein in western blotting. These results indicated that the prepared rabbit anti-pRAG2 polyclonal antibodies may serve as a tool to detect immature B cell differentiation of swine.
Evidence for a possible bimodal distribution of the nodal distances of the extreme trans-Neptunian objects: Avoiding a trans-Plutonian planet or just plain bias?
Authors: de la Fuente Marcos C. , de la Fuente Marcos R. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
It is a well-known fact that the presence of a massive perturber interacting with a population of minor bodies following very eccentric orbits can strongly affect the distribution of their nodal distances. The details of this process have been explored numerically and its outcome confirmed observationally in the case of Jupiter, where a bimodal distribution of nodal distances of comets has been found. Here, we show evidence for a possible bimodal distribution of the nodal distances of the extreme trans-Neptunian objects (ETNOs) in the form of a previously unnoticed correlation between nodal distance and orbital inclination. This proposed correlation is unlikely to be the result of observational bias as data for both large semimajor axis Centaurs and comets fit well into the pattern found for the ETNOs, and all these populations are subjected to similar background perturbations when moving well away from the influence of the giant planets. The correlation found is better understood if these objects tend to avoid a putative planet with semimajor axis in the range of 300–400 au.
Systemic Aminoglycosides-Induced Vestibulotoxicity in Humans
Authors: Van Hecke Ruth , Van Rompaey Vincent , Wuyts Floris L. , Leyssens Laura , Maes Leen 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:
This systematic review aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of vestibular adverse effects of aminoglycoside (AG) therapy in humans and to analyze objective vestibular tests for the detection of AG-induced vestibulotoxicity.

Design:
PubMed, Cochrane Database, Web of Science, and reference lists of all included studies were screened by two independent researchers. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Studies were included according to preset inclusion criteria and reported outcomes of studies evaluating vestibular function using one or more objective vestibular function tests in adults and children after systemic AG administration. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the quality assessment tool for quantitative studies. Interrater reliability was established using Cohen’s Kappa.

Results:
Twenty-seven studies were included, with the vast majority showing AG-induced vestibulotoxic side effects, ranging from 0 to 60%. Most studies reported AG-induced abnormalities by caloric and rotatory testing, whereas only a few studies reported using video Head Impulse test and vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing.

Conclusions:
Because type I hair cells (particularly of the semicircular canals) are more susceptible to ototoxicity, video Head Impulse test and vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing seem more promising for the early detection of vestibulotoxicity than caloric and rotatory testing. Prospective studies using an extensive vestibular test battery are needed to further characterize the impact of AGs on the different vestibular end organs and to identify the most sensitive vestibular technique for the early detection of vestibulotoxicity.
Bilateral tibial shaft fractures: a multicenter analysis
Authors: Cui Shari , Bauer Jennifer M. , Mir Hassan , Cannada Lisa K. 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Bilateral tibial shaft fractures represent high-energy trauma. While treatment and complications of bilateral femoral fractures are well defined, there is limited literature on bilateral tibial shaft fractures. We present a multicenter study on bilateral tibial shaft fractures, analyzing the most commonly associated injuries and complications.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed to identify all patients with bilateral tibial shaft fractures treated during a 5-year period. Demographics, injury measures, treatments, and complications were collected. Categories were evaluated and ranked based on frequency of occurrence.

Results:
Approximately 2000 tibial shaft fractures were treated during a 5-year period, of which 68 patients (19 females, 49 males) had sufficient records for inclusion. The average age was 39 yr (range 15-83 yr). There were 80 open fractures in 55 patients. Other musculoskeletal trauma and chest trauma were the two most common associated injuries (followed by face, head, and abdominal trauma). Two patients had definitive casting, 67 patients (129 tibias) were surgically treated, and four patients required amputation on arrival. Fourteen patients developed nonunions, 13 had compartment syndrome, and 34 were affected by nonsurgical complications. Thirty-one patients required subsequent surgery to promote healing. There were six mortalities.

Conclusions:
We present the largest group of patients with bilateral tibial fractures and show a high rate of open fractures, severe systemic injuries, and frequent complications. Orthopaedic surgeons must balance early surgical treatment with the presence of associated injuries and educate patients regarding complications and the possibility of subsequent surgeries to promote healing of these serious injuries.
Unilateral Internal Mammary Recipient Vessels for Bilateral DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Lee Jeffrey H. , Varon David E. , Halvorson Eric G. 
Published: June 2017

Summary:
The deep inferior epigastric perforator flap has become increasingly popular for breast reconstruction with the most common recipient vessels being the internal mammary artery and vein. In certain cases, however, these recipient vessels are inadequate due to an absent or diminutive vein. Moreover, patients at high risk for future coronary artery disease may sacrifice the best conduit for coronary revascularization if the internal mammary recipients are used. Alternative recipient vessels, including the thoracodorsal, thoracoacromial, external jugular, and cephalic vessels have significant limitations. In this report, we describe a novel technique using unilateral internal mammary recipient vessels for bilateral free flap breast reconstruction. Two cases are presented that represent distinct indications for this technique: (1) absence or inadequacy of unilateral recipient vessels and (2) preservation of the left internal mammary system for future bypass in patients at high risk for coronary artery disease.