bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular Organization of Dye Molecules in Zeolite L Channels: Synthesis, Properties, and Composite Materials
Authors: Cao Pengpeng , Khorev Oleg , Devaux André , Sägesser Lucie , Kunzmann Andreas , Ecker Achim , Häner Robert , Brühwiler Dominik , Calzaferri Gion , Belser Peter 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSequential insertion of different dyes into the 1D channels of zeolite L (ZL) leads to supramolecular sandwich structures and allows the formation of sophisticated antenna composites for light harvesting, transport, and trapping. The synthesis and properties of dye molecules, host materials, composites, and composites embedded in polymer matrices, including two‐ and three‐color antenna systems, are described. Perylene diimide (PDI) dyes are an important class of chromophores and are of great interest for the synthesis of artificial antenna systems. They are especially well suited to advancing our understanding of the structure–transport relationship in ZL because their core fits tightly through the 12‐ring channel opening. The substituents at both ends of the PDIs can be varied to a large extent without influencing their electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra. The intercalation/insertion of 17 PDIs, 2 terrylenes, and 1 quaterrylene into ZL are compared and their interactions with the inner surface of the ZL nanochannels discussed. ZL crystals of about 500 nm in size have been used because they meet the criteria that must be respected for the preparation of antenna composites for light harvesting, transport, and trapping. The photostability of dyes is considerably improved by inserting them into the ZL channels because the guests are protected by being confined. Plugging the channel entrances, so that the guests cannot escape into the environment is a prerequisite for achieving long‐term stability of composites embedded in an organic matrix. Successful methods to achieve this goal are described. Finally, the embedding of dye–ZL composites in polymer matrices, while maintaining optical transparency, is reported. These results facilitate the rational design of advanced dye–zeolite composite materials and provide powerful tools for further developing and understanding artificial antenna systems, which are among the most fascinating subjects of current photochemistry and photophysics.
Thermodynamics for the Formation of Double‐Stranded DNA–Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrids
Authors: Shiraki Tomohiro , Tsuzuki Akiko , Toshimitsu Fumiyuki , Nakashima Naotoshi 
Published: February 2016

AbstractFor the first time, the thermodynamics are described for the formation of double‐stranded DNA (ds‐DNA)–single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) hybrids. This treatment is applied to the exchange reaction of sodium cholate (SC) molecules on SWNTs and the ds‐DNAs d(A)20–d(T)20 and nuclear factor (NF)‐κB decoy. UV/Vis/near‐IR spectroscopy with temperature variations was used for analyzing the exchange reaction on the SWNTs with four different chiralities: (n,m)=(8,3), (6,5), (7,5), and (8,6). Single‐stranded DNAs (ss‐DNAs), including d(A)20 and d(T)20, are also used for comparison. The d(A)20–d(T)20 shows a drastic change in its thermodynamic parameters around the melting temperature (Tm) of the DNA oligomer. No such Tm dependency was measured, owing to high Tm in the NF‐κB decoy DNA and no Tm in the ss‐DNA.
Conformational Fixation of a Rectangular Antiaromatic [28]Hexaphyrin Using Rationally Installed Peripheral Straps
Authors: Yoneda Tomoki , Kim Taeyeon , Soya Takanori , Neya Saburo , Oh Juwon , Kim Dongho , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA rectangular [28]hexaphyrin bearing outer straps at the long side has been synthesized by SNAr reaction of [26]hexaphyrin with allyl alcohol, intramolecular olefin metathesis by using Hoveyda–Grubbs second‐generation catalyst, and reduction with NaBH4. The peripheral straps enforce a rectangular conformation for the [28]hexaphyrin, which shows Hückel antiaromatic character, as confirmed by its planar X‐ray structure, a strong paratropic ring current, characteristic UV/Vis/NIR absorption features, small electrochemical HOMO–LUMO gap, and very fast S1 decay.
A Thermo‐ and Mechanoresponsive Cyano‐Substituted Oligo(p‐phenylene vinylene) Derivative with Five Emissive States
Authors: Sagara Yoshimitsu , Lavrenova Anna , Crochet Aurélien , Simon Yoan C. , Fromm Katharina M. , Weder Christoph 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMultiresponsive materials that display predefined photoluminescence color changes upon exposure to different stimuli are attractive candidates for advanced sensing schemes. Herein, we report a cyano‐substituted oligo(p‐phenylene vinylene) (cyano‐OPV) derivative that forms five different solvent‐free solid‐state molecular assemblies, luminescence properties of which change upon thermal and mechanical stimulation. Single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis suggested that tolyl groups introduced at the termini of solubilizing side‐chains of the cyano‐OPV play a pivotal role in its solid‐state arrangement. Viewed more broadly, this report shows that the introduction of competing intermolecular interactions into excimer‐forming chromophores is a promising design strategy for multicolored thermo‐ and mechanoresponsive luminescent materials.
A Breathing Zirconium Metal–Organic Framework with Reversible Loss of Crystallinity by Correlated Nanodomain Formation
Authors: Bueken Bart , Vermoortele Frederik , Cliffe Matthew J. , Wharmby Michael T. , Foucher Damien , Wieme Jelle , Vanduyfhuys Louis , Martineau Charlotte , Stock Norbert , Taulelle Francis , Van Speybroeck Veronique , Goodwin Andrew L. , De Vos Dirk 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe isoreticular analogue of the metal–organic framework UiO‐66(Zr), synthesized with the flexible trans‐1,4‐cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid as linker, shows a peculiar breathing behavior by reversibly losing long‐range crystalline order upon evacuation. The underlying flexibility is attributed to a concerted conformational contraction of up to two thirds of the linkers, which breaks the local lattice symmetry. X‐ray scattering data are described well by a nanodomain model in which differently oriented tetragonal‐type distortions propagate over about 7–10 unit cells.
Identification and removal of nonoriginal layers in the 16th century paintings of funchal's Cathedral altarpiece
Authors: Gomes Sofia , Ferreira Carolina , Nascimento Glória , Piorro Luís , Cardoso Ana , Candeias António , Lorena Mercês 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis article is an outcome of the study, decisions, and restoration work undertaken during the integrated conservation project of the 16th century paintings of Funchal's Cathedral main chapel's altarpiece, in Madeira Island, Portugal. After diagnostic research has allowed a complete understanding of the original material of the 12 Portuguese–Flemish paintings, it has been revealed the presence of other superimposed layers, whether actual overpaints or the accumulation of materials occurring in time over the old ones. Identification together with the cleaning and removal of these coatings was a delicate and a complex process. Conservators already suspected the existence of overpaints in some paintings, a close observation of the painted surface showed differences in terms of color, texture, and execution technique in specific areas. Chemical and stratigraphical research together with radiography and historical research on primary documental sources provided important clues about the paintings of the previous interventions and relevant and crucial information for the decision making. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 41, 283–288, 2016
Effects of Age, Sex, and Obesity on the Single‐Dose Pharmacokinetics of Omarigliptin in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Addy Carol , Tatosian Daniel A. , Glasgow Xiaoli S. , III Isaias Noel Gendrano , Sisk Christine McCrary , Kauh Eunkyung A. , Stoch S. Aubrey , Wagner John A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractOmarigliptin is being developed as a potent, once‐weekly, oral dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study evaluated the effects of age, sex, and obesity on the pharmacokinetics of omarigliptin in healthy subjects. A single oral dose of omarigliptin 10 mg (n = 6/panel) or placebo (n = 2/panel) was administered in the fasted state to elderly nonobese men and women, young obese (30 ≤ body mass index [BMI] ≤ 35 kg/m2) men and women, and young nonobese women of nonchildbearing potential. Plasma was collected at selected postdose times for evaluation of omarigliptin concentrations. Pharmacokinetic parameters were compared with historical data from a previously‐conducted single‐dose study in young, healthy, nonobese men. There were no clinically significant differences in omarigliptin AUC0–∞, the primary pharmacokinetic parameter for assessing efficacy and safety, based on age, sex, or BMI (pooled nonobese elderly versus pooled nonobese young, young nonobese female versus young nonobese male, and pooled young obese versus pooled young nonobese). There were no serious adverse events or hypoglycemic events attributable to omarigliptin administration. Demographic factors and BMI had no meaningful effect on omarigliptin pharmacokinetics, suggesting that dose adjustment based on age, sex, or obesity is not required.
Selective and Stable Ethylbenzene Dehydrogenation to Styrene over Nanodiamonds under Oxygen‐lean Conditions
Authors: Diao Jiangyong , Feng Zhenbao , Huang Rui , Liu Hongyang , Hamid Sharifah Bee Abd , Su Dang Sheng 
Published: February 2016

AbstractFor the first time, significant improvement of the catalytic performance of nanodiamonds was achieved for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene under oxygen‐lean conditions. We demonstrated that the combination of direct dehydrogenation and oxidative dehydrogenation indeed occurred on the nanodiamond surface throughout the reaction system. It was found that the active sp2–sp3 hybridized nanostructure was well maintained after the long‐term test and the active ketonic carbonyl groups could be generated in situ. A high reactivity with 40 % ethylbenzene conversion and 92 % styrene selectivity was obtained over the nanodiamond catalyst under oxygen‐lean conditions even after a 240 h test, demonstrating the potential of this procedure for application as a promising industrial process for the ethylbenzene dehydrogenation to styrene without steam protection.
In Situ Fluorine Doping of TiO2 Superstructures for Efficient Visible‐Light Driven Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Zhang Peng , Tachikawa Takashi , Fujitsuka Mamoru , Majima Tetsuro 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWith the aid of breakthroughs in nanoscience and nanotechnology, it is imperative to develop metal oxide semiconductors through visible light‐driven hydrogen generation. In this study, TiOF2 was incorporated as an n‐type F‐dopant source to TiO2 mesocrystals (TMCs) with visible‐light absorption during the topotactic transformation. The crystal growth, structural change, and dynamic morphological evolution, from the initial intermediate NH4TiOF3 to HTiOF3, TiOF2, and F‐doped TMCs, were verified through in situ temperature‐dependent techniques to elucidate the doping mechanism from intermediate TiOF2. The visible‐light efficiencies of photocatalytic hydrogen were dependent on the contents of the dopant as compared with the pure TMC and a controled reference. Using femtosecond time‐resolved diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, the charge‐transfer dynamics were monitored to confirm the improvement of charge separation after doping.
Direct Conversion of Greenhouse Gas CO2 into Graphene via Molten Salts Electrolysis
Authors: Hu Liwen , Song Yang , Jiao Shuqiang , Liu Yingjun , Ge Jianbang , Jiao Handong , Zhu Jun , Wang Junxiang , Zhu Hongmin , Fray Derek J. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractProducing graphene through the electrochemical reduction of CO2 remains a great challenge, which requires precise control of the reaction kinetics, such as diffusivities of multiple ions, solubility of various gases, and the nucleation/growth of carbon on a surface. Here, graphene was successfully created from the greenhouse gas CO2 using molten salts. The results showed that CO2 could be effectively fixed by oxygen ions in CaCl2–NaCl–CaO melts to form carbonate ions, and subsequently electrochemically split into graphene on a stainless steel cathode; O2 gas was produced at the RuO2–TiO2 inert anode. The formation of graphene in this manner can be ascribed to the catalysis of active Fe, Ni, and Cu atoms at the surface of the cathode and the microexplosion effect through evolution of CO in between graphite layers. This finding may lead to a new generation of proceedures for the synthesis of high value‐added products from CO2, which may also contribute to the establishment of a low‐carbon and sustainable world.
Design for testability of high‐order OTA‐C filters
Authors: Hasan Masood‐ul , Zhu Yanqing , Sun Yichuang 
Published: February 2016

SummaryA study of oscillation‐based test for high‐order Operational Transconductance Amplifier‐C (OTA‐C) filters is presented. The method is based on partition of a high‐order filter into second‐order filter functions. The opening Q‐loop and adding positive feedback techniques are developed to convert the second‐order filter section into a quadrature oscillator. These techniques are based on an open‐loop configuration and an additional positive feedback configuration. Implementation of the two testability design methods for nth‐order cascade, IFLF and leapfrog (LF) filters is presented, and the area overhead of the modified circuits is also discussed. The performances of the presented techniques are investigated. Fourth‐order cascade, inverse follow‐the‐leader feedback (IFLF) and LF OTA‐C filters were designed and simulated for analysis of fault coverage using the adding positive feedback method based on an analogue multiplexer. Simulation results show that the oscillation‐based test method using positive feedback provides high fault coverage of around 97%, 96% and 95% for the cascade, IFLF and LF OTA‐C filters, respectively. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High genetic diversity of common toad (Bufo bufo) populations under strong natural fragmentation on aNorthern archipelago
Authors: Roth Steffen , Jehle Robert 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe last decades have shown a surge in studies focusing on the interplay between fragmented habitats, genetic variation, and conservation. In the present study, we consider the case of a temperate pond‐breeding anuran (the common toadBufo bufo) inhabiting a naturally strongly fragmented habitat at the Northern fringe of the species’ range: islands offshore the Norwegian coast. A total of 475 individuals from 19 populations (three mainland populations and 16 populations on seven adjacent islands) were genetically characterized using nine microsatellite markers. As expected for a highly fragmented habitat, genetic distances between populations were high (pairwiseFstvalues ranging between 0.06 and 0.33), with however little differences between populations separated by ocean and populations separated by terrestrial habitat (mainland and on islands). Despite a distinct cline in genetic variation from mainland populations to peripheral islands, the study populations were characterized by overall high genetic variation, in line with effective population sizes derived from single‐sample estimators which were on average about 20 individuals. Taken together, our results reinforce the notion that spatial and temporal scales of fragmentation need to be considered when studying the interplay between landscape fragmentation and genetic erosion.
The Route to Phosphabenzene and Beyond
Authors: Ashe Arthur J. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis article presents the background of the author's synthesis of phosphabenzene in 1971. It also expands to tell the story behind the syntheses of the heavier group 15 heterobenzenes: arsabenzene, stibabenzene, and bismabenzene, which were prepared nearly at the same time and by a largely similar route.
Electrochemical Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers Detection: Recent Advances and Challenges
Authors: Topkaya Seda Nur , Azimzadeh Mostafa , Ozsoz Mehmet 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBiomarkers are described as characteristics that provide information about biological conditions whether normal or pathological. Detection of biomarkers at the earliest stage of the cancer is of utmost importance for clinical diagnosis. Electrochemical biosensors allow detecting the low levels of specific analytes in blood, urine or saliva and providing a sensitive approach for direct measurement for cancer biomarker detection. Moreover, the integration of electrochemical devices with nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, gold and magnetic particles offer amplification and multiplexing capabilities for simultaneous measurements of cancer biomarkers very sensitively. This review summarizes the recent developments of electrochemical biosensors systems for the detection of cancer biomarkers with emphasis on voltammetric, amperometric and impedimetric biosensors. A special attention is paid to aptamers and miRNAs that are very promising for the ultra‐sensitive and specific cancer biomarker detection.
Doing a Good Job—the Effect of Primary Task Quality on Well‐Being and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Sasser Maja , Sørensen Ole H. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates whether employees’ assessment of their primary task quality has a significant impact on their well‐being and job satisfaction, respectively. Furthermore, the paper hypothesizes that professional values and norms affect employees’ quality expectations on their work tasks and thus their assessment of primary task quality. The paper proposes a measure for primary task quality and uses it in the analyses of responses from 1,247 preschool teachers and teaching assistants in 94 public daycare centers in Denmark. The results indicate that an important factor for employees is their experience of quality in the job they perform. Moreover, quality expectations can differ between employees performing the same task due to, for example, difference in professional training. This leads us to propose a new research direction for job design theory that addresses employees’ assessment of the quality of their primary task job performance.
Synthesis of 1,3,5‐Triazepineselone Derivatives from Acyl Isoselenocyanates and Benzene‐1,2‐diamine
Authors: Yavari Issa , Mosaferi Shabnam 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTandem reaction between acyl isoselenocyanates, generated from acyl chlorides and KSeCN, and benzene‐1,2‐diamine in acetone at room temperature, gave 1,3,5‐triazepineselone derivatives in moderate to good yields.
Vinmajorines C – E, Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids from Vinca major
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Jun , Du Ru‐Nan , He Juan , Wu Xing‐De , Li Yan , Li Rong‐Tao , Zhao Qin‐Shi 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThree new monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, vinmajorines C–E (1–3), along with 18 known analogues (4–21), were isolated from the whole plants of Vinca major. The new structures were elucidated as (5α,15β,16R,17α,19β,20α,21β)‐10,17‐dimethoxy‐21‐methyl‐18‐oxa‐5,16‐cycloyohimban‐19‐ol (1), (5α,15β,16R,17α,20α,21β)‐10‐methoxy‐21‐methyl‐18‐oxa‐5,16‐cycloyohimban‐17‐ol (2), and (5α,15β,16R,17α,20α,21β)‐10‐methoxy‐21‐methyl‐18‐oxa‐5,16‐cycloyohimban‐17‐yl acetate (3), respectively, by extensive NMR and MS analysis and comparison with known compounds. Compounds 1–3 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines, compounds 1 and 3 showing moderate cytotoxic activities.
Two New Retigerane‐Type Sesterterpenoids from the Lichen Leprocaulon microscopicum
Authors: Millot Marion , Martin‐de‐Lassalle Marie , Chollet‐Krugler Marylène , Champavier Yves , Mambu Lengo , Chulia José‐Albert , Lacaille‐Dubois Marie‐Aleth 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTwo new sesterterpenes, 1 and 2, have been isolated from the lichen Leprocaulon microscopicum. In addition to classic chromatographic methods, a liquid‐liquid chromatography technique, namely centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) was applied for the purification of compound 2. The structures were determined by analyses of mass spectrometry and 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR data. The relative configuration of the isolated compounds was assigned on the basis of 2D‐NOESY experiments. The two compounds possess a rare pentacyclic carbon skeleton typical for lichen metabolism, and quite unusual in the vegetal kingdom.
Route Scouting towards a Methyl Jasmonate Precursor
Authors: Chapuis Christian , Walther Eric , Robvieux Fabrice , Richard Claude‐Alain , Goumaz Laurent , de Saint Laumer Jean‐Yves 
Published: February 2016

AbstractFor the synthesis of methyl jasmonate (1), via the strategic intermediates 3, 4, and 6a, we constructed a synthetic network via the diverse intermediates 7–10, 13, 14, 17, and 18. This allowed us to compare the efficiency of more than 20 novel routes. The most productive pathway with a total yield of 38% is represented by the sequence→5a→5m→13b→13a→6a→4 and proceeds via sequential bromination, basic elimination, decarbomethoxylation, isomerization, and finally Lindlar hydrogenation. The shortest selective way, 2a→[(E,E)‐12b]→3→4, is a two‐pot sequence using a modification of Naef's method, based on an aldol condensation between inexpensive cyclopentanone (2a) and crotonaldehyde, with in situ CoreyChaykovsky cyclopropanation under phase transfer conditions. The key intermediate 3 was then simply pyrolyzed to afford 4 in 27% total yield. The alternative isomerization method via the six‐step deviation→5a→5c→8c→13a→6a→4 was longer, although more efficient, with a total yield of 32%. Alternatively, a yield of 34% was obtained via the five‐step sequence→5a→5c→2h→2i→4. Another favored six‐step pathway,→5a→5c→2h→17a→14a→4 afforded the target compound in 35% total yield.
Flag‐Transitive Point‐Primitive Automorphism Groups of Nonsymmetric Designs
Authors: Liang Hongxue , Zhou Shenglin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn this article, we show that if is a nontrivial nonsymmetric design admitting a flag‐transitive point‐primitive automorphism group G, then G must be an affine or almost simple group. Moreover, if the socle of G is sporadic, then is the unique 2 − (176, 8, 2) design with , the Higman–Sims simple group.
Location, location, location: Contextualizing workplace commitment
Authors: Wasti S. Arzu , Peterson Mark F. , Breitsohl Heiko , Cohen Aaron , Jørgensen Frances , de Aguiar Rodrigues Ana Carolina , Weng Qingxiong , Xu Xiaohong 
Published: February 2016

SummaryThe purpose of the present commentary is to discuss the nature and correlates of workplace commitment across cultures. We asked six organizational behavior scholars, who are intimately familiar with Brazil, China, Denmark, Germany, or Israel as their country of origin or extended residence, to “contextualize” workplace commitment. They did so by explicating institutional and cultural characteristics of their context on the emergence, meaning, and evolution of commitment by reference to their own research and extant local research. Their responses not only supported the utility of three‐component model of commitment but also revealed the differential salience of various commitment constructs (e.g., components and foci of commitment) as well as possible contextual moderators on the development and outcomes of commitment. The commentators also described changes including the growing prevalence of multicultural workforces within national borders and changes in employment relationships and cultural values in their national contexts and considered future research directions in culture and commitment research. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.