bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Belemnites of the family Belemnitellidae Pavlow, 1914 from the Late Cretaceous Maastrichtian stage in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Keutgen Norbert , Remin Zbyszek 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The currently defined Global Stratotype Section and Point for the Campanian/Maastrichtian boundary at Tercis (France) lacks any belemnite record. However, the detailed correlation of Tercis with the Kronsmoor section in northern Germany has enabled recognising this boundary in terms of belemnite stratigraphy close to the first appearance datum (FAD) of Belemnella obtusa Schulz, 1979. Originally, the FAD of the genus Belemnella Nowak, 1913 (e.g. of Belemnella lanceolata (von Schlotheim, 1813)) has been widely used for defining the base of the traditionally understood Maastrichtian stage in the Boreal Realm. Belemnella appeared almost contemporaneously across a significant portion of epicontinental Europe in what is now considered topmost Campanian and dominated the lower Maastrichtian belemnite assemblages, co-occurring with Belemnitella d’Orbigny, 1840 and rare Fusiteuthis Kongiel, 1962. It disappeared in Western and Central Europe during the mid-Maastrichtian, and as a consequence, the FAD of Belemnitella junior Nowak, 1913 served as a biomarker defining the base of the upper Maastrichtian substage. It is only at the end of the Maastrichtian that the genus Neobelemnella Naidin, 1975 became abundant, replacing Belemnitella steadily from the east to the west as the dominating species. The factors underlying those remarkable shifts in belemnite assemblages remain uncertain, but various environmental elements, especially water depth and temperature, in addition ocean currents, and oceanic chemical composition are considered influential.
BIRATIONAL GEOMETRY OF SEXTIC DOUBLE SOLIDS WITH A COMPOUND
$A_n$
SINGULARITY
Authors: PAEMURRU ERIK 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSextic double solids, double covers of
$\mathbb P^3$
branched along a sextic surface, are the lowest degree Gorenstein terminal Fano 3-folds, hence are expected to behave very rigidly in terms of birational geometry. Smooth sextic double solids, and those which are
$\mathbb Q$
-factorial with ordinary double points, are known to be birationally rigid. In this paper, we study sextic double solids with an isolated compound
$A_n$
singularity. We prove a sharp bound
$n \leq 8$
, describe models for each n explicitly, and prove that sextic double solids with
$n> 3$
are birationally nonrigid.
The Breakdown of Effective Field Theory in Particle Physics: Lessons for Understanding Intertheoretic Relations
Authors: Koberinski Adam 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEffective field theory (EFT) is a computationally powerful theoretical framework, finding application in many areas of physics. The framework, applied to the Standard Model of particle physics, is even more empirically successful than our theoretical understanding would lead us to expect. I argue that this is a problem for our understanding of how the Standard Model relates to some successor theory. The problem manifests as two theoretical anomalies involving relevant parameters: the cosmological constant and the Higgs mass. The persistent failure to fix these anomalies from within suggests that the way forward is to go beyond the EFT framework.
14C AMS measurement of CO2 samples with the high throughput HVE gas interface system
Authors: Scognamiglio G , Klein M , Stolz A , Walet R , Mous D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The newly designed HVE gas interface enables the AMS measurement of carbon samples in CO2 form. The CO2, e.g. resulting from the sample combustion in an elemental analyzer, is adsorbed in a zeolite trap and subsequently transferred to a motor-driven syringe. Once diluted with He, the gas mixture is transferred into the ion source of the AMS system. A carbon ion beam is formed in the ion source and mass-analyzed by the AMS system, resulting in 13C/12C and 14C/12C isotopic ratios. The HVE gas interface features two traps and two syringes to maximize the sample throughput, which results in more than 10 samples per hour. The first performance results of CO2 gas sample AMS measurements that were performed with the HVE gas interface in combination with the HVE 210 kV AMS system are presented in this paper. The measurements show that the gas interface contribution to the 14C/12C background is in the 10–15 level and to the precision is at or below 1%.
Dr Cooke’s Protest: Benjamin Cooke, Samuel Arnold, and the Directorship of the Academy of Ancient Music
Authors: WHITE BRYAN 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn 1789, the Academy of Ancient Music replaced Benjamin Cooke with Samuel Arnold as its musical director. This article offers a detailed analysis of an autograph copy of the address Cooke delivered to the Academy responding to their action, and of a letter to Cooke from Arnold countering accusations made regarding his conduct in the affair. Both documents are annotated by Henry Cooke, who used them in writing a biography of his father. These documents enable a new understanding of the significant changes made within the Academy in the 1780s and of the reasons Academy subscribers replaced Cooke with Arnold.
RIVER, GIANT AND HUBRIS: A NOTE ON VIRGIL, AENEID 8.330–2
Authors: Vuković Krešimir 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVirgil has Evander trace the origins of the name of the river Tiber back to the death of a giant, called ‘Thybris’ (Aen. 8.330–2). This article argues that the reference to the violent (asper) giant can be understood as etymological wordplay on the Greek word hubris and as a potential allusion to the grammatical debate on the nature of aspiration. Varro's De gente populi Romani is identified as an important source for the characterization of the Tiber as a giant in primeval times. The political implications of the word hubris are also briefly explored with reference to various identities to which Evander alludes. The final part of the article argues that Theocritus’ Idyll 1 and the scholiast to Theocritus may have also inspired Virgil's description of the Tiber in this passage.
THE GUILT OF CADMUS THE FARMER IN STATIUS’ THEBAID
Authors: Criado Cecilia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStatius’ Thebaid inverts the traditional positive reading of agricultural work. In the account of the founding moments of Thebes, the poet remains faithful to what is documented in the extant Greek and Roman literary material. However, as this article argues, Statius introduces two significant innovations with respect to his thematic precedents. First, Cadmus the founder is explicitly and emphatically pointed out as guilty of the internecine struggle that results from his farming. Second, he does not limit himself to sowing the soil but, previously, he plows it. The ploughing motif, although pivotal in the myth of Jason's trials in Cholchis, only appears referred to Cadmus in Ovid's Metamorphoses (3.104–5), albeit in a very succinct form. As will be examined, Statius amplifies the Ovidian suggestion, programmatically conferring negative connotations to this motif (tillage, bull, yoke, furrow, etc.) throughout his epic. Cadmus’ ill-fated tillage is unambiguously presented as the origin of the curse of Thebes and as the root cause of the present fratricidal war between Eteocles and Polynices. The dire fruits which agricultural labour invariably produces in the Cadmean farmlands echo Lucanean Thessalian fields from whose furrows, contaminated by the blood of Roman combatants, grow polluted crops. The blame that Statius places on the shoulders of Cadmus the farmer, the relationship he establishes between farming and fratricidal war, and his insistence on the perverse effects of agricultural work transform mythic Thebes into an exemplar of fratricidal Rome as apt as Lucan's historical Thessaly.
THE BONES OF TIBULLUS: OVID, AMORES 3.9.59
Authors: Gervais Kyle 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article argues for an emendation to Ovid, Amores 3.9, Ovid's lament for Tibullus. The transmitted text of line 59 would seem to present a contradiction: Ovid speculates about aliquid nisi nomen et umbra surviving death, and then proceeds in the next few lines to identify that aliquid as, precisely, Tibullus’ umbra. Ovid's original text was most likely aliquid nisi nomen et ossa, referring to a burial site and funerary inscription; with this text, Ovid reproduces details from Tibullus 1.3, a poem which he reworks throughout his elegy.
PLATO, REPUBLIC 606a7–606b2: SYNTAX AND MEANING
Authors: Enache Cătălin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPlato, Republic 606ab, which deals with the soul bipartition and the behaviour of the two soul components during a theatrical performance, has been the object of scholarly dispute concerning both its grammar and its meaning. This article proposes a new syntactical approach and argues that the passage does not have to be interpreted as contradicting the context.
Drought responses in Coffea arabica as affected by genotype and phenophase. II – photosynthesis at leaf and plant scales
Authors: Rakocevic Miroslava , Costes Evelyne , Campostrini Eliemar , Ramalho José Cochicho , Ribeiro Rafael Vasconcelos 
Published: September 2024

Summary
The aim of this work was to compare gas exchanges from leaf to whole plant scales, in two Ethiopian accessions (‘E083’ and ‘E027’), and two bred cultivars (Iapar 59 and Catuaí 99) of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) cultivated under irrigated and rainfed conditions. Variations in gas exchanges were evaluated over four phenophases (leaf expansion – BE1 and BE2, and berry harvesting – BH1 and BH2), covering the first two production years in the coffee life cycle. We addressed the following questions: Are gas exchanges modified by water availability at leaf and/or plant scales? Do bred cultivars and wild accessions differ in their physiological responses to water availability and phenophases? Photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration (E) were measured on the recently fully expanded leaves at the upper canopy stratum. The functional-structural plant modelling (FSPM) was used to integrate A at whole plant photosynthesis (A”p), based on 3D virtual trees constructed under VPlants modelling platform. Despite high A values of ‘E083’ overall phenophases, a strong decline in A”p under rainfed condition was observed due to lower plant leaf area as compared to irrigated condition. Catuaí 99 and ‘E083’ were more sensitive to drought than Iapar 59 and ‘E027’, considering photosynthesis at leaf and plant scales. At the last BH2 phenophase, A, gs, E, and carboxylation efficiency were similar between irrigated and rainfed conditions for all genotypes, suggesting some acclimation of leaf gas exchange to the environment. However, A”p benefited by water management in all phenophases as plant leaf area increased. These findings revealed the need to develop methodologies for structural and functional analyses at plant scale, an important step towards the realistic responses of plants and orchards to the surrounding environment.
Imsharria orangei (Ascomycota, Lecideaceae), a new genus and species, and a new species of Porpidia, from the Falkland Islands
Authors: Fryday Alan M. , Götz Anna M. , Ruprecht Ulrike 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe new genus Imsharria is proposed for a crustose species found on or near mountain summits on the Falkland Islands. It is separated from other genera of Lecideaceae by a combination of Porpidia-type asci, halonate ascospores, immersed apothecia and a hyaline hypothecium, and forms a distinct branch in the phylogenetic analysis using the markers nrITS and mtSSU. The single species, I. orangei, is characterized by its innate apothecia with a brown disc and a thallus containing norstictic acid and an amyloid (I+ violet) medulla. In addition, Porpidia imshaugii is described for a species from the Falkland Islands resembling P. skottsbergiana but with larger ascospores, and Porpidia navarina is shown to belong in the genus Poeltiaria, with the new combination Poeltiaria navarina being made. A key to the Lecideaceae on the Falkland Islands is provided.
Did the COVID-19 pandemic fuel public support for social protection?
Authors: Kim Taesim 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, both viral infection and the corresponding economic turmoil have wreaked havoc across the globe, highlighting the imperative function of the state as a social protection provider. The pandemic has seemingly created favourable political circumstances for rapidly expanding social protection, but its influences on public welfare attitudes remain unclear. In this study, I argue that the impact of pandemic-driven economic risk is too limited to spur strong public support for social protection. The employed empirical analyses using panel data collected in South Korea show that unemployment induced by the pandemic is conducive to higher degrees of individual support for social protection measures, but the impact is only short-lived. Further analyses show that, once individuals are re-employed and as the time spent in economic difficulties becomes more distant, personal unemployment experiences are no longer positively associated with support for social protection. Finally, pandemic-induced unemployment experiences have a lasting impact primarily on young adults. The evidence therefore suggests that significant institutional changes in the welfare state are hard to achieve by solely relying on the impact of economic risk.
MonoVisual3DFilter: 3D tomatoes’ localisation with monocular cameras using histogram filters
Authors: Magalhães Sandro Augusto Costa , dos Santos Filipe Neves , Moreira António Paulo , Dias Jorge Manuel Miranda 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPerforming tasks in agriculture, such as fruit monitoring or harvesting, requires perceiving the objects’ spatial position. RGB-D cameras are limited under open-field environments due to lightning interferences. So, in this study, we state to answer the research question: “How can we use and control monocular sensors to perceive objects’ position in the 3D task space?” Towards this aim, we approached histogram filters (Bayesian discrete filters) to estimate the position of tomatoes in the tomato plant through the algorithm MonoVisual3DFilter. Two kernel filters were studied: the square kernel and the Gaussian kernel. The implemented algorithm was essayed in simulation, with and without Gaussian noise and random noise, and in a testbed at laboratory conditions. The algorithm reported a mean absolute error lower than 10 mm in simulation and 20 mm in the testbed at laboratory conditions with an assessing distance of about 0.5 m. So, the results are viable for real environments and should be improved at closer distances.
Artificial neural network-based control of powered knee exoskeletons for lifting tasks: design and experimental validation
Authors: Arefeen Asif , Xiang Yujiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a hybrid model that utilizes a model-based optimization method to generate training data and an artificial neural network (ANN)-based learning method to offer real-time exoskeleton support in lifting activities. For the model-based optimization method, the torque of the knee exoskeleton and the optimal lifting motion are predicted utilizing a two-dimensional (2D) human–exoskeleton model. The control points for exoskeleton motor current profiles and human joint angle profiles from cubic B-spline interpolation represent the design variables. Minimizing the square of the normalized human joint torque is considered as the cost function. Subsequently, the lifting optimization problem is tackled using a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm in sparse nonlinear optimizer (SNOPT). For the learning-based approach, the learning-based control model is trained using the general regression neural network (GRNN). The anthropometric parameters of the human subjects and lifting boundary postures are used as input parameters, while the control points for exoskeleton torque are treated as output parameters. Once trained, the learning-based control model can provide exoskeleton assistive torque in real time for lifting tasks. Two test subjects’ joint angles and ground reaction forces (GRFs) comparisons are presented between the experimental and simulation results. Furthermore, the utilization of exoskeletons significantly reduces activations of the four knee extensor and flexor muscles compared to lifting without the exoskeletons for both subjects. Overall, the learning-based control method can generate assistive torque profiles in real time and faster than the model-based optimal control approach.
Customized stiffness control strategy for a six-bar linkage-based gait rehabilitation robot
Authors: Kapsalyamov Akim , Hussain Shahid , Goecke Roland , Brown Nicholas A.T. , Jamwal Prashant K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLower limb rehabilitation robots based on linkage-based mechanisms have recently drawn significant attention in the field due to their numerous advantages. The control of previously proposed linkage-based gait rehabilitation robotic orthoses has been achieved using constant speed control without consideration for the interaction forces. However, such an approach can be harmful to people with stroke since the level of disability varies among individuals, and it may cause potential injuries when excessive force is applied by the robot. To overcome this limitation and improve the rehabilitation process, it is necessary to recognize the force exerted by the person during walking and adjust the robot’s assistive torque accordingly, to provide synchronized motion. Thus, in this work, a human-cooperative approach based on a stiffness control strategy for the six-bar linkage-based gait rehabilitation robot is presented. The proposed methodology can serve as a solid foundation for developing a human-cooperative approach for linkage-based lower limb rehabilitation robotic orthoses. The control was validated and tested with eight healthy human subjects. As a result, customized robotic assistance with this mechanism can be provided during training to meet the individual needs of stroke patients, which can lead to increased engagement and contribution, thus improving treatment outcomes.
Structural priming facilitates L2 learning of the dative alternation in Mandarin
Authors: Zhu Yanxin (Alice) , Grüter Theres 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigated whether structural priming, as a reflection of error-driven learning mechanisms, could facilitate second language (L2) learning of the dative alternation in Mandarin. We sought evidence of learning from both priming and acceptability judgment data. Participants were 25 native speakers and 41 classroom learners (CLs). After a priming session in which participants predicted and then saw what a virtual partner had written to describe pictures (prime trials, with only acceptable verb-dative pairings), CLs showed increased production of these acceptable pairings and increased acceptability ratings for them. The observation of such longer-term priming effects beyond the priming phase, together with an inverse frequency effect of priming observed among the CLs, aligns well with error-driven learning accounts. However, we did not find evidence for statistical preemption, in that participants did not decrease ratings for unacceptable pairings as a result of exposure to their competing alternatives.
Task-generated processes in second language speech production: Exploring the neural correlates of task complexity during silent pauses
Authors: Révész Andrea , Jeong Hyeonjeong , Suzuki Shungo , Cui Haining , Matsuura Shunsui , Saito Kazuya , Sugiura Motoaki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe last three decades have seen significant development in understanding and describing the effects of task complexity on learner internal processes. However, researchers have primarily employed behavioral methods to investigate task-generated cognitive load. Being the first to adopt neuroimaging to study second language (L2) task effects, we aimed to provide novel insights into the neural correlates of task-related variation in L2 oral production. To advance research methodology, we also tested the utility of a neuroimaging technique, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), in examining the impact of task-related variables on L2 speech production when combined with cognitive–behavioral tools (speech analysis, expert and learner judgments). Our research focus was the effects of task complexity on silent pausing. Twenty-four Japanese learners of English completed eight simple and complex versions of decision-making tasks, half in their first language and half in their L2. The dataset for the present study included the L2 speech and fMRI data, expert judgments, and participants’ difficulty ratings of the L1 and L2 tasks they completed. Based on our findings, we concluded that brain imaging and L1 task difficulty ratings were more sensitive to detecting task complexity effects than L2 self-ratings and pausing measures. These results point to the benefits of triangulating cognitive and neural data to study task-based neurocognitive processes.
Non-linear biphasic mixture model: Existence and uniqueness results
Authors: Alam Meraj , Muntean Adrian , G P Raja Sekhar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the development and analysis of a mathematical model that is motivated by interstitial hydrodynamics and tissue deformation mechanics (poro-elasto-hydrodynamics) within an in-vitro solid tumour. The classical mixture theory is adopted for mass and momentum balance equations for a two-phase system. A main contribution of this study is we treat the physiological transport parameter (i.e., hydraulic resistivity) as anisotropic and heterogeneous, thus the governing system is strongly coupled and non-linear. We derived a weak formulation and then formulated the equivalent fixed-point problem. This enabled us to use the Galerkin method, and the classical results on monotone operators combined with the well-known Schauder and Banach fixed-point theorems to prove the existence and uniqueness of results.
The role of microRNAs in the regulation of critical genes and signalling pathways that determine endometrial receptivity
Authors: Wang Yumei , Ji Zhongxiang , Yao Ni , Hu Ximin , Zhou Ran , Wang Xingping , Luoreng Zhuoma 
Published: September 2024

SummaryEndometrial receptivity is the ability of the endometrium to accept embryos. Thus, endometrial receptivity dysfunction is an important factor leading to embryo implantation failure. A good endometrial receptivity provides a suitable environment for embryo implantation, improving the embryo implantation rate. The “implantation window” stage, or the receptive stage of the endometrium, is regulated by various hormones, genes, proteins and cytokines, among which microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes have a regulatory effect on endometrial receptivity. This review outlines the relationship between endometrial receptivity and pregnancy, the mRNAs and related signalling pathways that regulate endometrial receptivity, and the regulatory role of miRNA in endometrial receptivity, providing a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of miRNA on endometrial receptivity in humans and animals and reference for the endometrial receptivity-related research.