bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing the Geomagnetic Field in West Africa: First Absolute Intensity Results from Burkina Faso
Authors: Kapper Lisa , Donadini Fabio , Serneels Vincent , Tema Evdokia , Goguitchaichvili Avto , Julio Morales Juan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe present absolute geomagnetic intensities from iron smelting furnaces discovered at the metallurgical site of Korsimoro, Burkina Faso. Up to now, archaeologists recognized four different types of furnaces based on different construction methods, which were related to four subsequent time periods. Additionally, radiocarbon ages obtained from charcoal confine the studied furnaces to ages ranging from 700–1700 AD, in good agreement with the archaeologically determined time periods for each type of furnace. Archaeointensity results reveal three main groups of Arai diagrams. The first two groups contain specimens with either linear Arai diagrams, or slightly curved diagrams or two phases of magnetization. The third group encompasses specimens with strong zigzag or curvature in their Arai diagrams. Specimens of the first two groups were accepted after applying selection criteria to guarantee the high quality of the results. Our data compared to palaeosecular variation curves show a similar decreasing trend between 900–1500 AD. However, they reveal larger amplitudes at around 800 AD and 1650 AD than the reference curves and geomagnetic field models. Furthermore, they agree well with archaeomagnetic data from Mali and Senegal around 800 AD and with volcanic data around 1700 AD.
Discrimination of Stem Cell Status after Subjecting Cynomolgus Monkey Pluripotent Stem Cells to Naïve Conversion
Authors: Honda Arata , Kawano Yoshihiro , Izu Haruna , Choijookhuu Narantsog , Honsho Kimiko , Nakamura Tomonori , Yabuta Yukihiro , Yamamoto Takuya , Takashima Yasuhiro , Hirose Michiko , Sankai Tadashi , Hishikawa Yoshitaka , Ogura Atsuo , Saitou Mitinori 
Published: March 2017

AbstractExperimental animal models have played an indispensable role in the development of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) research. The derivation of high-quality (so-called “true naïve state”) iPSCs of non-human primates enhances their application and safety for human regenerative medicine. Although several attempts have been made to convert human and non-human primate PSCs into a truly naïve state, it is unclear which evaluation methods can discriminate them as being truly naïve. Here we attempted to derive naïve cynomolgus monkey (Cm) (Macaca fascicularis) embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and iPSCs. Several characteristics of naïve Cm ESCs including colony morphology, appearance of naïve-related mRNAs and proteins, leukaemia inhibitory factor dependency, and mitochondrial respiration were confirmed. Next, we generated Cm iPSCs and converted them to a naïve state. Transcriptomic comparison of PSCs with early Cm embryos elucidated the partial achievement (termed naïve-like) of their conversion. When these were subjected to in vitro neural differentiation, enhanced differentiating capacities were observed after naïve-like conversion, but some lines exhibited heterogeneity. The difficulty of achieving contribution to chimeric mouse embryos was also demonstrated. These results suggest that Cm PSCs could ameliorate their in vitro neural differentiation potential even though they could not display true naïve characteristics.
Effect of Size and Surface Charge of Gold Nanoparticles on their Skin Permeability: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Gupta Rakesh , Rai Beena 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMolecular level understanding of permeation of nanoparticles through human skin establishes the basis for development of novel transdermal drug delivery systems and design and formulation of cosmetics. Recent experiments suggest that surface coated nano-sized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can penetrate the rat and human skin. However, the mechanisms by which these AuNPs penetrate are not well understood. In this study, we have carried out coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations to explore the permeation of dodecanethiol coated neutral hydrophobic AuNPs of different sizes (2–5 nm) and surface charges (cationic and anionic) through the model skin lipid membrane. The results indicate that the neutral hydrophobic AuNPs disrupted the bilayer and entered in it with in ~200 ns, while charged AuNPs were adsorbed on the bilayer headgroup. The permeation free energy calculation revealed that at the head group of the bilayer, a very small barrier existed for neutral hydrophobic AuNP while a free energy minimum was observed for charged AuNPs. The permeability was maximum for neutral 2 nm gold nanoparticle (AuNP) and minimum for 3 nm cationic AuNP. The obtained results are aligned with recent experimental findings. This study would be helpful in designing customized nanoparticles for cosmetic and transdermal drug delivery application.
A new fluorescent probe for colorimetric and ratiometric detection of sulfur dioxide derivatives in liver cancer cells
Authors: Li Dong-Peng , Wang Zhao-Yang , Cui Jie , Wang Xin , Miao Jun-Ying , Zhao Bao-Xiang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA new ratiometric fluorescent probe was constructed with hemicyanine and 7-nitrobenzofurazan for detection of sulfur dioxide derivatives (HSO3−/SO32−). The ratiometric response mode could be attributed to the efficient FRET (Förster resonance energy transfer) platform. The probe exbihited some desirable properties including fast response (within 2 minutes), good selectivity and high sensitivity. Moreover, the probe could detect endogenous HSO3− in liver cancer cells rather than normal liver cells, implying the diagnosal potential of the probe.
Applying Taguchi design and large-scale strategy for mycosynthesis of nano-silver from endophytic Trichoderma harzianum SYA.F4 and its application against phytopathogens
Authors: EL-Moslamy Shahira H. , Elkady Marwa F. , Rezk Ahmed H. , Abdel-Fattah Yasser R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDevelopment of reliable and low-cost requirement for large-scale eco-friendly biogenic synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is an important step for industrial applications of bionanotechnology. In the present study, the mycosynthesis of spherical nano-Ag (12.7 ± 0.8 nm) from extracellular filtrate of local endophytic T. harzianum SYA.F4 strain which have interested mixed bioactive metabolites (alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, nitrate reductase (320 nmol/hr/ml), carbohydrate (25 μg/μl) and total protein concentration (2.5 g/l) was reported. Industrial mycosynthesis of nano-Ag can be induced with different characters depending on the fungal cultivation and physical conditions. Taguchi design was applied to improve the physicochemical conditions for nano-Ag production, and the optimum conditions which increased its mass weight 3 times larger than a basal condition were as follows: AgNO3 (0.01 M), diluted reductant (10 v/v, pH 5) and incubated at 30 °C, 200 rpm for 24 hr. Kinetic conversion rates in submerged batch cultivation in 7 L stirred tank bioreactor on using semi-defined cultivation medium was as follows: the maximum biomass production (Xmax) and maximum nano-Ag mass weight (Pmax) calculated (60.5 g/l and 78.4 g/l respectively). The best nano-Ag concentration that formed large inhibition zones was 100 μg/ml which showed against A.alternate (43 mm) followed by Helminthosporium sp. (35 mm), Botrytis sp. (32 mm) and P. arenaria (28 mm).
Room temperature three-photon pumped CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite microlasers
Authors: Gao Yisheng , Wang Shuai , Huang Can , Yi Ningbo , Wang Kaiyang , Xiao Shumin , Song Qinghai 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHybrid lead halide perovskites have made great strides in next-generation light-harvesting and light emitting devices. Recently, they have also shown great potentials in nonlinear optical materials. Two-photon absorption and two-photon light emission have been thoroughly studied in past two years. However, the three-photon processes are rarely explored, especially for the laser emissions. Here we synthesized high quality CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite microstructures with solution processed precipitation method and studied their optical properties. When the microstructures are pumped with intense 1240 nm lasers, we have observed clear optical limit effect and the band-to-band photoluminescence at 540 nm. By increasing the pumping density, whispering-gallery-mode based microlasers have been achieved from CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite microplate and microrod for the first time. This work demonstrates the potentials of hybrid lead halide perovskites in nonlinear photonic devices.
Photoactive layer based on T-shaped benzimidazole dyes used for solar cell: from photoelectric properties to molecular design
Authors: Xu Beibei , Li Yuanzuo , Song Peng , Ma Fengcai , Sun Mengtao 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThree benzimidazole-based organic dyes, possessing the same triphenylamine donors and cyanoacrylic acid acceptors with the bithiophene π-bridges combined in different nuclear positions of benzimidazole, were investigated in the utility of dye-sensitizer solar cells. The structure, molecular orbital and energy, absorption spectra and some important parameters (such as light harvesting efficiency (LHE), electron injection driving force, the electron injection time, chemical reactivity parameters, vertical dipole moment as well as interaction models of dye-I2) were obtained according to Newns–Anderson model and DFT calculation. The process and strength of charge transfer and separation were visualized with charge different density and index of spatial extent (S, D and Δq). Current work paid attention to the new T-shaped dyes to reveal the relation between the structure and photoelectric performance. Furthermore, nine dyes (substitution of alkyl chains and π-bridges) have been designed and characterized to screen promising sensitizer candidates with excellent photo-electronic properties.
Optical characteristics of UV–VUV lamps on the electronic‐vibrational transitions of the hydroxyl radical pumped by a nanosecond capacitive discharge
Authors: Shuaibov Alexandr , Gritzak Roksolana 
Published: March 2017

This paper presents the results of a study of UV and VUV low‐pressure lamp pumped by nanosecond capacitive discharge. This lamp works on the mixtures of helium and argon with water vapor (H2O) or ‘heavy’ water (D2O). At the capacitive low‐pressure lamp emission spectra are mainly narrow band 308 nm OH (A–X) and large band in the VUV spectral range: 140–200 nm OH (C, B, A). Found, that the increasing the partial pressure of H2O and D2O (>130–150 Pa) led to a decrease in the intensity of VUV radiation of hydroxyl radicals. In the transition from He/H2O mixture to He/D2O mixture, the optimal pressure of helium is decreased. Reduced partial pressure of argon led to increased intensity of radiation of hydroxyl in the VUV range. The study of emission characteristics of OD* – lamps on a mixture of He/D2O and the OH* – lamps on a mixture of He/H2O showed that the intensity of the bands OD (X, C, A) is 1.5 times larger than the intensity of the bands OH (X, C, A). The maximum absolute intensity of UV–VUV radiation of the lamp (at a frequency of 1000 Hz) reached 1 W.
Endothelial transcription factor KLF2 negatively regulates liver regeneration via induction of activin A
Authors: Manavski Yosif , Abel Tobias , Hu Junhao , Kleinlützum Dina , Buchholz Christian J. , Belz Christina , Augustin Hellmut G. , Boon Reinier A. , Dimmeler Stefanie 
Published: March 2017

Significance
Regeneration of the liver after injury is essential for proper hepatic function. Endothelial cells contribute to liver homeostasis via paracrine interaction with hepatocytes. Here we show that endothelial-derived activin A, as a transcriptional target of Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), negatively regulates hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration. This study highlights a mechanism by which endothelial cells control liver regeneration.
High-throughput identification of small molecules that affect human embryonic vascular development
Authors: Vazão Helena , Rosa Susana , Barata Tânia , Costa Ricardo , Pitrez Patrícia R. , Honório Inês , de Vries Margreet R. , Papatsenko Dimitri , Benedito Rui , Saris Daniel , Khademhosseini Ali , Quax Paul H. A. , Pereira Carlos F. , Mercader Nadia , Fernandes Hugo , Ferreira Lino 
Published: March 2017

Significance
It is well recognized that several chemicals and/or drugs are potentially harmful if used during pregnancy. Unfortunately, systems capable of predicting which drugs affect embryonic development rely almost exclusively on prenatal animal testing, with all the associated limitations. Using human pluripotent stem cells, we developed a fully humanized system capable of predicting which drugs affect, specifically, vascular embryonic development. The system was used to screen a library of chemicals (1,280 drugs), and two compounds were identified as specific inhibitors of human embryonic vasculature. The platform described here is a valid alternative to animal testing and can be used to screen existing and newly developed drugs.
Communicating the deadly consequences of global warming for human heat stress
Authors: Matthews Tom K. R. , Wilby Robert L. , Murphy Conor 
Published: March 2017

Significance
Extremely hot weather can have deadly human consequences. As the climate warms, the frequency and intensity of such conditions are expected to increase—among the most certain negative impacts expected under global warming. Concerns about dangerous climate change have encouraged the international community to commit to limiting global temperature changes to below 2 °C above preindustrial. Although lauded as a great achievement to avoid dangerous climate change, we find that, even if such aspirations are realized, large increases in the frequency of deadly heat should be expected, with more than 350 million more megacity inhabitants afflicted by midcentury. Such conclusions underline the critical role for ambitious adaptation alongside these climate change mitigation targets.
Spresso: an ultrafast compound pre-screening method based on compound decomposition
Authors: Yanagisawa Keisuke , Komine Shunta , Suzuki Shogo D , Ohue Masahito , Ishida Takashi , Akiyama Yutaka 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMotivationRecently, the number of available protein tertiary structures and compounds has increased. However, structure-based virtual screening is computationally expensive owing to docking simulations. Thus, methods that filter out obviously unnecessary compounds prior to computationally expensive docking simulations have been proposed. However, the calculation speed of these methods is not fast enough to evaluate ≥ 10 million compounds.ResultsIn this article, we propose a novel, docking-based pre-screening protocol named Spresso (Speedy PRE-Screening method with Segmented cOmpounds). Partial structures (fragments) are common among many compounds; therefore, the number of fragment variations needed for evaluation is smaller than that of compounds. Our method increases calculation speeds by ∼200-fold compared to conventional methods.Availability and ImplementationSpresso is written in C ++ and Python, and is available as an open-source code (http://www.bi.cs.titech.ac.jp/spresso/) under the GPLv3 license.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
rMSI: an R package for MS imaging data handling and visualization
Authors: Ràfols Pere , Torres Sònia , Ramírez Noelia , del Castillo Esteban , Yanes Oscar , Brezmes Jesús , Correig Xavier 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Summary
R platform provides some packages that are useful to process mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data; however, none of them provide an easy to use graphical user interface (GUI). Here, we introduce rMSI, an R package for MSI data analysis focused on providing an efficient way to manage MSI data together with a GUI integrated in R environment. MS data is loaded in rMSI custom format optimized to minimize the memory footprint yet maintaining a fast spectra access. The rMSI GUI is designed for simple and effective data exploration and visualization. Moreover, rMSI is designed to be integrated in the R environment through a library of functions that can be used to share MS data across others R packages. The release of rMSI for R environment establishes a novel and flexible platform for MSI data analysis, completely free and open-source.

Availability and Implementation
The code, the documentation, a tutorial and example data are available open-source at: github.com/prafols/rMSI.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
An improved method for detecting telomere size differences in T-lymphocyte interphases from older people with Down syndrome with and without mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Jenkins E. C. , Ye L. , Marchi E. , Krinsky-McHale S. J. , Zigman W. B. , Schupf N. , Silverman W. P. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Telomere size (quantified by fluorescence intensity and physical lengths) in short-term T-lymphocyte cultures from adults with Down syndrome (DS) with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI-DS) or dementia was compared. For these studies, dementia status was determined based on longitudinal assessments employing a battery of cognitive and functional assessments developed to distinguish adult-onset impairment from preexisting developmental disability. In the course of our studies using a MetaSystems Image Analyzer in combination with ISIS software and a Zeiss Axioskop 2, we found that Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) telomere fluorescence referenced to chromosome 2-identified FITC probe fluorescence as a nontelomere standard (telomere/cen2 ratio) showed great promise as a biomarker of early decline associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in this high-risk population. We have now obtained a cen (2) CY3 probe that can clearly be distinguished from the blue–green FITC interphase telomere probe, providing a clear distinction between telomere and centromere fluorescence in both interphase and metaphase. We used FITC/CY3 light intensity ratios to compare telomere length in interphases in adults with DS with and without MCI-DS or dementia. Five age-matched female and five age-matched male pairs (n = 10) all showed clear evidence of telomere shortening associated with clinical progression of AD (P &lt; 0.002 – P &lt; 0.000001), with distributions of mean values for cases and controls showing no overlap. We also examined the time needed for microscopy using interphase versus metaphase fluorescence preparations. With interphase preparations, examination time was reduced by an order of magnitude compared with metaphase preparations, indicating that the methods employed herein have considerable practical promise for translation into broad diagnostic practice.
Risks and benefits of catching pretty good yield in multispecies mixed fisheries
Authors: Thorpe Robert B. , Jennings Simon , Dolder Paul J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMultispecies mixed fisheries catch ecologically interacting species with the same gears at the same time. We used an ensemble of size-based multispecies models to investigate the effects of different rates of fishing mortality (F) and fleet configurations on yield, biomass, risk of collapse and community structure. Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and FMSY for 21 modelled species’ populations in the North Sea were defined at the Nash equilibrium, where any independent change in F for any species would not increase that species’ MSY. Fishing mortality ranges leading to “Pretty Good Yield” (F-PGY), by species, were defined as ranges yielding ≥0.95 × MSY. Weight and value of yield from the entire fishery increased marginally when all species were fished at the upper end of F-PGY ranges rather than at FMSY, but risk of species’ collapse and missing community targets also increased substantially. All risks fell markedly when fishing at the lower end of F-PGY ranges, but with small impacts on total fishery yield or value. While fishing anywhere within F-PGY ranges gives managers flexibility to manage trade-offs in multispecies mixed fisheries, our results suggest high long-term yields and disproportionately lower risks of stock collapse are achieved when F ≤ FMSY for all component stocks.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome and the risk of subsequent primary ovarian insufficiency: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Pan Mei-Lien , Chen Li-Ru , Tsao Hsiao-Mei , Chen Kuo-Hu 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate the risk of subsequent primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) amongst patients with a history of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).

Methods:
This nationwide, population-based study is an inspection and review of data from the 1998 to 2012 Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. In a sample of 1,000,000 randomly sampled individuals, women with PCOS (exposure group; n = 7,049) and women without PCOS (contrast group; n = 70,490) were compared. Women initially diagnosed with PCOS at less than 15 or more than 35 years of age were excluded. Each woman with PCOS was age-matched to 10 women without PCOS. The diagnoses of PCOS and POI (coded using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification) were further confirmed with blood test results and ultrasonographic findings to ensure the accuracy of the diagnoses.

Results:
POI occurred more among women with PCOS compared with women without PCOS (3.73% vs 0.44%; P < 0.001). Using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the POI-free survival rates were significantly different between the exposure and contrast groups (P < 0.001). During 10 years of follow-up, Cox proportional-hazard analysis revealed that the risk for POI was significantly higher in the exposure than in the contrast group (hazard ratio [HR] 8.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.33-10.18) and remained similar after adjustment for covariates (adjusted HR 8.31, 95% CI 7.05-9.81). Compared with that of women without PCOS, the risk of POI was even higher for women with PCOS who did not receive metformin treatment (adjusted HR 9.93, 95% CI 8.28-11.90). However, the risk for POI was significantly reduced for women with PCOS who received metformin treatment (adjusted HR 5.66, 95% CI 4.36-7.35).

Conclusions:
As a possible precursor stage, prior PCOS is a significant and independent risk factor for development of POI. The use of metformin reduces the risk of POI.
Predicting the Mental Health and Functioning of Torture Survivors
Authors: Song Suzan J. , Subica Andrew , Kaplan Charles , Tol Wietse , de Jong Joop 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The psychological effects of war represent a growing public health concern as more refugees and asylum seekers migrate across borders. This study investigates whether sociodemographic, premigration and postmigration, and psychosocial factors predict adverse psychiatric symptoms in refugees and asylum seekers exposed to torture (N = 278). Hierarchical linear regressions revealed that female sex, older age, and unstable housing predicted greater severity of anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. Cumulative exposure to multiple torture types predicted anxiety and PTSD, while mental health, basic resources (access to food, shelter, medical care), and external risks (risk of being victimized at home, community, work, school) were the strongest psychosocial predictors of anxiety, PTSD, and depression. Also, time spent in the United States before presenting for services significantly predicted anxiety, PTSD, and depression. Consequently, public-sector services should seek to engage this high-risk population immediately upon resettlement into the host country using a mental health stepped care approach.