bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyroglobulin fluctuations in patients with iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma on lenvatinib treatment – initial experience
Authors: Werner R. A. , Lückerath K. , Schmid J. S. , Higuchi T. , Kreissl M. C. , Grelle I. , Reiners C. , Buck A. K. , Lapa C. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have shown clinical effectiveness in iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The corresponding role of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) in iodine-refractory DTC has not been investigated yet. 9 patients (3 female, 61 ± 8y) with progressive iodine-refractory DTC starting on lenvatinib were considered. Tumor restaging was performed every 2–3 months including contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT, RECIST 1.1). Serum Tg was measured and compared to imaging findings. After treatment initiation, serum Tg levels dropped in all patients with a median reduction of 86.2%. During long-term follow-up (median, 25.2 months), fluctuations in Tg could be observed in 8/9 subjects. According to RECIST, 6/9 subjects achieved a partial response or stable disease with the remaining 3/9 experiencing progressive disease (2/3 with Tg levels rising above baseline). All of the patients with disease progression presented with a preceding continuous rise in serum Tg, whereas tumor marker oscillations in the subjects with controlled disease were only intermittent. Initiation of lenvatinib in iodine-refractory DTC patients is associated with a significant reduction in serum Tg levels as a marker of treatment response. In the course of treatment, transient Tg oscillations are a frequent phenomenon that may not necessarily reflect morphologic tumor progression.
Formation of visual memories controlled by gamma power phase-locked to alpha oscillations
Authors: Park Hyojin , Lee Dong Soo , Kang Eunjoo , Kang Hyejin , Hahm Jarang , Kim June Sic , Chung Chun Kee , Jiang Haiteng , Gross Joachim , Jensen Ole 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNeuronal oscillations provide a window for understanding the brain dynamics that organize the flow of information from sensory to memory areas. While it has been suggested that gamma power reflects feedforward processing and alpha oscillations feedback control, it remains unknown how these oscillations dynamically interact. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) data was acquired from healthy subjects who were cued to either remember or not remember presented pictures. Our analysis revealed that in anticipation of a picture to be remembered, alpha power decreased while the cross-frequency coupling between gamma power and alpha phase increased. A measure of directionality between alpha phase and gamma power predicted individual ability to encode memory: stronger control of alpha phase over gamma power was associated with better memory. These findings demonstrate that encoding of visual information is reflected by a state determined by the interaction between alpha and gamma activity.
Body fat mobilization in early lactation influences methane production of dairy cows
Authors: Bielak A. , Derno M. , Tuchscherer A. , Hammon H. M. , Susenbeth A. , Kuhla B. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLong-chain fatty acids mobilized during early lactation of dairy cows are increasingly used as energy substrate at the expense of acetate. As the synthesis of acetate in the rumen is closely linked to methane (CH4) production, we hypothesized that decreased acetate utilization would result in lower ruminal acetate levels and thus CH4 production. Twenty heifers were sampled for blood, rumen fluid and milk and CH4 production was measured in respiration chambers in week −4, +5, +13 and +42 relative to first parturition. Based on plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration determined in week +5, animals were grouped to the ten highest (HM; NEFA > 580 μmol) and ten lowest (LM; NEFA < 580 μmol) mobilizing cows. Dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield and ruminal short-chain fatty acids did not differ between groups, but CH4/DMI was lower in HM cows in week +5. There was a negative regression between plasma NEFA and plasma acetate, between plasma NEFA and CH4/DMI and between plasma cholecystokinin and CH4/DMI in week +5. Our data show for the first time that fat mobilization of the host in early lactation is inversely related with ruminal CH4 production and that this effect is not attributed to different DMI.
Complex network analysis of phase dynamics underlying oil-water two-phase flows
Authors: Gao Zhong-Ke , Zhang Shan-Shan , Cai Qing , Yang Yu-Xuan , Jin Ning-De 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCharacterizing the complicated flow behaviors arising from high water cut and low velocity oil-water flows is an important problem of significant challenge. We design a high-speed cycle motivation conductance sensor and carry out experiments for measuring the local flow information from different oil-in-water flow patterns. We first use multivariate time-frequency analysis to probe the typical features of three flow patterns from the perspective of energy and frequency. Then we infer complex networks from multi-channel measurements in terms of phase lag index, aiming to uncovering the phase dynamics governing the transition and evolution of different oil-in-water flow patterns. In particular, we employ spectral radius and weighted clustering coefficient entropy to characterize the derived unweighted and weighted networks and the results indicate that our approach yields quantitative insights into the phase dynamics underlying the high water cut and low velocity oil-water flows.
Heat shock protein 90 is required for sexual and asexual development, virulence, and heat shock response in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Bui Duc-Cuong , Lee Yoonji , Lim Jae Yun , Fu Minmin , Kim Jin-Cheol , Choi Gyung Ja , Son Hokyoung , Lee Yin-Won 
Published: June 2016

AbstractEukaryotic cells repress global translation and selectively upregulate stress response proteins by altering multiple steps in gene expression. In this study, genome-wide transcriptome analysis of cellular adaptation to thermal stress was performed on the plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. The results revealed that profound alterations in gene expression were required for heat shock responses in F. graminearum. Among these proteins, heat shock protein 90 (FgHsp90) was revealed to play a central role in heat shock stress responses in this fungus. FgHsp90 was highly expressed and exclusively localised to nuclei in response to heat stress. Moreover, our comprehensive functional characterisation of FgHsp90 provides clear genetic evidence supporting its crucial roles in the vegetative growth, reproduction, and virulence of F. graminearum. In particular, FgHsp90 performs multiple functions as a transcriptional regulator of conidiation. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying adaptation to heat shock and the roles of Hsp90 in fungal development.
N-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of all-cause mortality among general populations: a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Guo-Chong , Yang Jing , Eggersdorfer Manfred , Zhang Weiguo , Qin Li-Qiang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractProspective observational studies have shown inconsistent associations of dietary or circulating n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) with risk of all-cause mortality. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the associations. Potentially eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE databases. The summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model. Eleven prospective studies involving 371 965 participants from general populations and 31 185 death events were included. The summary RR of all-cause mortality for high-versus-low n-3 LCPUFA intake was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.84–0.98). The summary RR for eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.75–0.92) and 0.81 (95% CI: 0.74–0.95), respectively. In the dose-response analysis, each 0.3 g/d increment in n-3 LCPUFA intake was associated with 6% lower risk of all-cause mortality (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99); and each 1% increment in the proportions of circulating EPA and DHA in total fatty acids in blood was associated with 20% (RR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65–0.98) and 21% (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63–0.99) decreased risk of all-cause mortality, respectively. Moderate to high heterogeneity was observed across our anlayses. Our findings suggest that both dietary and circulating LCPUFA are inversely associated with all-cause mortality.
Arm Selection Preference of MicroRNA-193a Varies in Breast Cancer
Authors: Tsai Kuo-Wang , Leung Chung-Man , Lo Yi-Hao , Chen Ting-Wen , Chan Wen-Ching , Yu Shou-Yu , Tu Ya-Ting , Lam Hing-Chung , Li Sung-Chou , Ger Luo-Ping , Liu Wen-Shan , Chang Hong-Tai 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs derived from the 3′ and 5′ ends of the same precursor. However, the biological function and mechanism of miRNA arm expression preference remain unclear in breast cancer. We found significant decreases in the expression levels of miR-193a-5p but no significant differences in those of miR-193a-3p in breast cancer. MiR-193a-3p suppressed breast cancer cell growth and migration and invasion abilities, whereas miR-193a-5p suppressed cell growth but did not influence cell motility. Furthermore, NLN and CCND1, PLAU, and SEPN1 were directly targeted by miR-193a-5p and miR-193a-3p, respectively, in breast cancer cells. The endogenous levels of miR-193a-5p and miR-193a-3p were significantly increased by transfecting breast cancer cells with the 3′UTR of their direct targets. Comprehensive analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database revealed significant differences in the arm expression preferences of several miRNAs between breast cancer and adjacent normal tissues. Our results collectively indicate that the arm expression preference phenomenon may be attributable to the target gene amount during breast cancer progression. The miRNA arm expression preference may be a means of modulating miRNA function, further complicating the mRNA regulatory network. Our findings provide a new insight into miRNA regulation and an application for breast cancer therapy.
Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) Subunit p110δ Is Essential for Trophoblast Cell Differentiation and Placental Development in Mouse
Authors: Hu Xiwen , Li Jiangchao , Zhang Qianqian , Zheng Lingyun , Wang Guang , Zhang Xiaohan , Zhang Jingli , Gu Quliang , Ye Yuxiang , Guo Sun-Wei , Yang Xuesong , Wang Lijing 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMaternal PI3K p110δ has been implicated in smaller litter sizes in mice, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The placenta is an indispensable chimeric organ that supports mammalian embryonic development. Using a mouse model of genetic inactivation of PI3K p110δ (p110δD910A/D910A), we show that fetuses carried by p110δD910A/D910A females were growth retarded and showed increased mortality in utero mainly during placentation. The placentas in p110δD910A/D910A females were anomalously anemic, exhibited thinner spongiotrophoblast layer and looser labyrinth zone, which indicate defective placental vasculogenesis. In addition, p110δ was detected in primary trophoblast giant cells (P-TGC) at early placentation. Maternal PI3K p110δ inactivation affected normal TGCs generation and expansion, impeded the branching of chorioallantoic placenta but enhanced the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-12). Poor vasculature support for the developing fetoplacental unit resulted in fetal death or gross growth retardation. These data, taken together, provide the first in vivo evidence that p110δ may play an important role in placental vascularization through manipulating trophoblast giant cell.
Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) Reproductive Success is Influenced by Krill (Euphausia superba) Density and Climate
Authors: Seyboth Elisa , Groch Karina R. , Dalla Rosa Luciano , Reid Keith , Flores Paulo A. C. , Secchi Eduardo R. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe reproductive success of southern right whale (Eubalaena australis) depends on body condition and, therefore, on foraging success. This, in turn, might be affected by climatically driven change in the abundance of the species main prey, krill (Euphausia superba), on the feeding grounds. Annual data on southern right whale number of calves were obtained from aerial surveys carried out between 1997 and 2013 in southern Brazil, where the species concentrate during their breeding season. The number of calves recorded each year varied from 7 to 43 ("Equation missing" = 21.11 ± 11.88). Using cross-correlation analysis we examined the response of the species to climate anomalies and krill densities. Significant correlations were found with krill densities (r = 0.69, p = 0.002, lag 0 years), Oceanic Niño Index (r = −0.65, p = 0.03, lag 6 years), Antarctic Oscillation (r = 0.76, p = 0.01, lag 7 years) and Antarctic sea ice area (r = −0.68, p = 0.002, lag 0 years). Our results suggest that global climate indices influence southern right whale breeding success in southern Brazil by determining variation in food (krill) availability for the species. Therefore, increased frequency of years with reduced krill abundance, due to global warming, is likely to reduce the current rate of recovery of southern right whales from historical overexploitation.
IgG1 Fc N-glycan galactosylation as a biomarker for immune activation
Authors: de Jong Sanne E. , Selman Maurice H. J. , Adegnika Ayola A. , Amoah Abena S. , van Riet Elly , Kruize Yvonne C. M. , Raynes John G. , Rodriguez Alejandro , Boakye Daniel , von Mutius Erika , Knulst André C. , Genuneit Jon , Cooper Philip J. , Hokke Cornelis H. , Wuhrer Manfred , Yazdanbakhsh Maria 
Published: June 2016

AbstractImmunoglobulin G (IgG) Fc N-glycosylation affects antibody-mediated effector functions and varies with inflammation rooted in both communicable and non-communicable diseases. Worldwide, communicable and non-communicable diseases tend to segregate geographically. Therefore, we studied whether IgG Fc N-glycosylation varies in populations with different environmental exposures in different parts of the world. IgG Fc N-glycosylation was analysed in serum/plasma of 700 school-age children from different communities of Gabon, Ghana, Ecuador, the Netherlands and Germany. IgG1 galactosylation levels were generally higher in more affluent countries and in more urban communities. High IgG1 galactosylation levels correlated with low total IgE levels, low C-reactive protein levels and low prevalence of parasitic infections. Linear mixed modelling showed that only positivity for parasitic infections was a significant predictor of reduced IgG1 galactosylation levels. That IgG1 galactosylation is a predictor of immune activation is supported by the observation that asthmatic children seemed to have reduced IgG1 galactosylation levels as well. This indicates that IgG1 galactosylation levels could be used as a biomarker for immune activation of populations, providing a valuable tool for studies examining the epidemiological transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases.
The adaptor protein DCAF7 mediates the interaction of the adenovirus E1A oncoprotein with the protein kinases DYRK1A and HIPK2
Authors: Glenewinkel Florian , Cohen Michael J. , King Cason R. , Kaspar Sophie , Bamberg-Lemper Simone , Mymryk Joe S. , Becker Walter 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDYRK1A is a constitutively active protein kinase that has a critical role in growth and development which functions by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. DCAF7 (also termed WDR68 or HAN11) is a cellular binding partner of DYRK1A and also regulates signalling by the protein kinase HIPK2. DCAF7 is an evolutionarily conserved protein with a single WD40 repeat domain and has no catalytic activity. We have defined a DCAF7 binding motif of 12 amino acids in the N-terminal domain of class 1 DYRKs that is functionally conserved in DYRK1 orthologs fromXenopus,Danio rerioand the slime moldDictyostelium discoideum.A similar sequence was essential for DCAF7 binding to HIPK2, whereas the closely related HIPK1 family member did not bind DCAF7. Immunoprecipitation and pulldown experiments identified DCAF7 as an adaptor for the association of the adenovirus E1A protein with DYRK1A and HIPK2. Furthermore, DCAF7 was required for the hyperphosphorylation of E1A in DYRK1A or HIPK2 overexpressing cells. Our results characterize DCAF7 as a substrate recruiting subunit of DYRK1A and HIPK2 and suggest that it is required for the negative effect of DYRK1A on E1A-induced oncogenic transformation.
The colors of biomass burning aerosols in the atmosphere
Authors: Liu Chao , Chung Chul Eddy , Zhang Feng , Yin Yan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBiomass burning aerosols mainly consist of black carbon (BC) and organic aerosols (OAs) and some of OAs are brown carbon (BrC). This study simulates the colors of BrC, BC and their mixture with scattering OAs in the ambient atmosphere by using a combination of light scattering simulations, a two-stream radiative transfer model and a RGB (Red, Green, Blue) color model. We find that both BCs and tar balls (a class of BrC) appear brownish at small particle sizes and blackish at large sizes. This is because the aerosol absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) largely controls the color and larger particles give smaller AAE values. At realistic size distributions, BCs look more blackish than tar balls, but still exhibit some brown color. However, when the absorptance of aerosol layer at green wavelength becomes larger than approximately 0.8, all biomass burning aerosols look blackish. The colors for mixture of purely scattering and absorptive carbonaceous aerosol layers in the atmosphere are also investigated. We suggest that the brownishness of biomass burning aerosols indicates the amount of BC/BrC as well as the ratio of BC to BrC.
Disruption of the AMPK–TBC1D1 nexus increases lipogenic gene expression and causes obesity in mice via promoting IGF1 secretion
Authors: Chen Liang , Chen Qiaoli , Xie Bingxian , Quan Chao , Sheng Yang , Zhu Sangsang , Rong Ping , Zhou Shuilian , Sakamoto Kei , MacKintosh Carol , Wang Hong Yu , Chen Shuai 
Published: June 2016

Significance
Excess energy intake and physical inactivity are two major factors causing obesity, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. Both excess energy intake and physical inactivity increase cellular energy status that is monitored by the energy-sensing AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We demonstrate that the AMPK–tre-2/USP6, BUB2, cdc16 domain family member 1 (the TBC domain is the GTPase activating protein domain) (TBC1D1) signaling nexus regulates insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) secretion. Disruption of this AMPK–TBC1D1 signaling nexus in mice enhances lipogenic gene expression via promoting IGF1 secretion, causes obesity, and eventually leads to development of metabolic syndrome. These findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism that links energy status to development of obesity via control of IGF1 secretion.
Amino acid sequence repertoire of the bacterial proteome and the occurrence of untranslatable sequences
Authors: Navon Sharon Penias , Kornberg Guy , Chen Jin , Schwartzman Tali , Tsai Albert , Puglisi Elisabetta Viani , Puglisi Joseph D. , Adir Noam 
Published: June 2016

Significance
Some peptide sequences are underrepresented or completely excluded from proteomes because they interfere with protein synthesis. Interference arises from interaction with the peptide exit tunnel of the ribosome. The low frequency of such interactions is an important, previously unrecognized feature of the ribosome.
Comparison of droplet digital PCR to real-time PCR for quantification of hepatitis B virus DNA
Authors: Tang Hui , Cai Qingchun , Li Hu , Hu Peng 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) has been widely implemented for clinical hepatitis B viral load testing, but a lack of standardization and relatively poor precision hinder its usefulness. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is a promising tool that offers high precision and direct quantification. In this study, we compared the ddPCR QX100 platform by Bio-Rad with the CFX384 Touch Real-Time PCR Detection System (Bio-Rad, USA) to detect serial plasmid DNA dilutions of known concentrations as well as HBV DNA extracted from patient serum samples. Both methods showed a high degree of linearity and quantitative correlation. However, ddPCR assays generated more reproducible results and detected lower copy numbers than qPCR assays. Patient sample quantifications by ddPCR and qPCR were highly agreeable based on the Bland–Altman analysis. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that ddPCR offers improved analytical sensitivity and specificity for HBV measurements and is suitable for clinical HBV detection.
Diffusion and decoupling in the world heritage movement: exploring global/local tensions in Africa
Authors: Elliott Michael A. , Schmutz Vaughn 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
A common critique of world society theory is that it overemphasises processes of institutional expansion and isomorphism, and underemphasises instances of decoupling and local variation. We address this concern head-on through an analysis of the world heritage movement. On the one hand, we detail how this movement has expanded into a global institution with highly standardised procedures for evaluating the ‘outstanding universal value’ of cultural and natural sites around the world. On the other hand, we detail how these procedures involve rational-scientific assumptions about evaluation that lead to regional inequality, hindering the ability of less developed countries to successfully nominate, inscribe and manage world heritage sites. With a specific focus on African countries, we identify how decoupling occurs in two distinct ways that hamper their participation in the world heritage movement: (1) a lack of scientific and technical expertise and (2) a cultural mismatch between local and global conceptions of universal value.
CCEM key comparison CCEM.RF-K23.F
Authors: Guerrieri J , Coder J , MacReynolds K , Tamura D , Gentle D G , Beardmore A , Eio C , Budovsky I , Ji Y , Warner F M , Wei-long W , Donglin M , Dražil K , Sage Y Le , Allal D , Hirose M , Kurokawa S , Komiyama K , Sergey K , Sergey N , Kang J-S , Kang N-W , Fast L , Karlsson K , Carlsson Jan , Pythoud F , ÇAKIR S , Cetintas M 
Published: June 2016

The CCEM international antenna gain comparison CCEM.RF- K23.F was initiated by the Working Group on Radio Frequency quantities (GT_RF) on the Consultative Committee for Electricity and Magnetism. This key comparison report presents results of measurements of on-axis gain of two Ku-band pyramidal horns at 12.4, 15, and 18 GHz. Participants making corrections for mismatch were asked to provide a table of the real and imaginary parts of the reflection coefficients of the antennas. Optionally, participants could measure the swept frequency gain from 12.4 to 18 GHz. Twelve national laboratories participated. The National Institute of Standards and Technology from the United States was the pilot lab. The purpose of the comparison was to evaluate the consistency between the participating laboratories in the measurement of the boresight gain of horn antennas in the WR-62 band.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).