bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
River restoration by dam removal: Enhancing connectivity at watershed scales
Authors: Magilligan F.J. , Graber B.E. , Nislow K.H. , Chipman J.W. , Sneddon C.S. , Fox C.A. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The prolonged history of industrialization, flood control, and hydropower production has led to the construction of 80,000 dams across the U.S. generating significant hydrologic, ecological, and social adjustments. With the increased ecological attention on re-establishing riverine connectivity, dam removal is becoming an important part of large-scale river restoration nationally, especially in New England, due to its early European settlement and history of waterpower-based industry. To capture the broader dimensions of dam removal, we constructed a GIS database of all inventoried dams in New England irrespective of size and reservoir volume to document the magnitude of fragmentation. We compared the characteristics of these existing dams to the attributes of all removed dams over the last ∼25 years. Our results reveal that the National Inventory of Dams significantly underestimates the actual number of dams (4,000 compared to &gt;14,000). To combat the effects of these ecological barriers, dam removal in New England has been robust with 127 dams having been removed between ca. 1990–2013. These removed dams range in size, with the largest number (30%) ranging between 2–4 m high, but 22% of the removed dams were between 4–6 m. They are not isolated to small drainage basins: most drained watersheds between 100–1,000 km2. Regionally, dam removal has re-connected ∼3% (3,770 river km) of the regional river network although primarily through a few select dams where abundant barrier-free river lengths occur, suggesting that a more strategic removal approach has the opportunity to enhance the magnitude and rate of river re-connection. Given the regional-scale restoration of forest cover and water quality over the past century, dam removal offers a significant opportunity to capitalize on these efforts, providing watershed scale restoration and enhancing watershed resilience in the face of significant regional and global anthropogenic changes.
Non-traumatic hernia of the lateral abdominal wall in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Fan Z , Pan J , Liu X , Zhuang C , Ren J , Yu H , Tang S , Wang S 
Published: May 2016

Introduction There are several classifications for abdominal hernias, and a non-traumatic lateral wall hernia (LAWH) is a rare type. We report the first case of a patient with LAWH infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Case History A 53-year-old HIV-infected male presented with an abdominal mass. The patient had a history of treatment with combination antiretroviral therapy. A LAWH was diagnosed based on physical examination and findings of computed tomography. Open mesh repair was undertaken successfully. The patient had no evidence of a recurrent hernia during 11 months of follow—up. Conclusions High intra-abdominal pressure and weak connective tissue can lead to LAWHs. Antiretroviral therapy and lipodystrophy can cause LAWHs in HIV-infected patients.
Colonic casts: unexpected complications of colonic ischaemia
Authors: Mantas D , Damaskos C , Bamias G , Dimitroulis D 
Published: May 2016

Introduction Extensive colonic ischaemia can result in passage of a colonic ‘cast’ (CC) through the rectum. Case Study We report a 69-year-old male who initially underwent surgery to remove a sessile polyp. On postoperative day (POD)15, he was febrile, suffering from diarrhoea, and was treated conservatively. On POD18, the patient returned to our hospital with a CC that presented after defaecation. Computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a CC extending from the descending colon to the anal orifice with presentation of air between the affected colonic wall and the CC. The patient was treated conservatively and discharged on POD20 without complications having passed the CC (≈80cm) completely and becoming afebrile. Conclusions In most cases, the cause of CC passage is surgery for colorectal cancer or repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. A mild-to-severe presentation is dependent upon the bowel-wall layers affected by ischaemia and which therefore are included in the CC.
Conference Panels
Authors: Ismael Tareq Y. , Shaban Hussein , Schuber Barik , Hilal Dessouki Ali El-Deen , Kazziha Walid , Tschirgi Dan , Ghazoul Ferial , Sherwani Govand H. , Aoude Ibrahim 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
PANEL SESSION 1 – IRAQI STUDIES AS A FIELD OF STUDY (10:00 A.M.–11:30 A.M.)
PANEL SESSION 2 – ROUNDTABLE ON IRAQ’S PROGRESSIVE FORCES (11:45 A.M.–01:15 P.M.)
PANEL SESSION 3 – IRAQ’S DOMESTIC ECONOMY (02:30 P.M.–04:30 P.M.)
PANEL SESSION 4 – IRAQ AND THE REGIONAL STATE SYSTEM (04:45 P.M.–06:30 P.M.)
PANEL SESSION 5 – THE ASSAULT ON IRAQIS AND IRAQI CULTURE (09:00 A.M.–10:30 A.M.)
PANEL SESSION 6 – MONARCHICAL IRAQ: EDUCATION, LITERATURE, MEMORY (10:45 A.M.–12:15 P.M.)
PANEL SESSION 7 – CINEMA AND POLITICS IN/OF IRAQ (02:00 P.M.–03:30 P.M.)
PANEL SESSION 8 – SCREENING OF AL-QADISIYYA (1981) (145 MINUTES) (03:45 P.M.–06:15 P.M.)
ROUNDTABLE ON SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING (9:00 A.M.–10:15 A.M.)
PANEL SESSION 9 – HIGHER EDUCATION AND CIVIL SOCIETY IN IRAQ TODAY (10:30 A.M.–12:00 P.M.)
PANEL SESSION 10 – IRAQ, THE U.S. AND THE WAR AGAINST TERRORISTS I (1:30 P.M.–3:00 P.M.)
PANEL SESSION 11 – IRAQ, THE U.S. AND THE WAR AGAINST TERRORISTS II (3:15 P.M.–4:45 P.M.)
CLOSING REMARKS DELIVERED BY SINAN ANTOON (05:00 P.M.–06:00 P.M.)
The idea of legislative budgeting in Iraq
Authors: Chohan Usman W. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In spite of Iraq’s ample natural wealth, its people have in large part remained bereft of the benefits of these extractive endowments, and insufficient legislative oversight of the extractive industries has been partly responsible for this unrealized potential. This article focuses on the importance of parliamentary oversight of Iraq’s extractive industries, and considers the broader evolutionary history of budgeting in Iraq, including the difficulties and setbacks that the budget process has faced both prior to and after the American invasion. The article identifies a mismatch between American budgeting in their local context, which advocates a strong role for Congress in the budget process, versus budgeting in an Iraqi context, where they had advocated alarmingly non-democratic arrangements, including an ‘Economic Czar’. The article finally assesses how legislative oversight can serve to address the longterm budget challenges of Iraq, particularly with respect to its extractive wealth.
The Roles of the Past President
Authors: Cesa Mark 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe Past President of IUPAC continues to represent IUPAC after serving as President of the Union by dealing with scientists and organizations around the world, speaking at conferences, contributing to new initiatives as a member of multidisciplinary task-driven committees of Associated Organizations, and in day-to-day interactions with colleagues, students, and business partners. An important continuing role for the Past President is to serve as the chair of several committees of the IUPAC Bureau.
Tackling the Big Challenges of the Future
Authors: Garcia Martinez Javier 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe end of 2015 was the deadline that 189 countries gave themselves to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), a list of eight goals that were agreed upon and approved by the UN after the Millennium Summit in year 2000. Despite some legitimate criticism, the MDGs were revealed as an important tool towards building a more equitable and sustainable world. Yet our planet still faces many challenges. In September 2015, the UN approved a new set of 17 goals, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), aiming to develop and implement strategies to create “The Future We Want”; strategies that 192 countries agreed upon to work together towards a more sustainable planet [
InChI As a Research Data Management Tool
Authors: Rzepa Henry S. , Mclean Andrew , Harvey Matthew J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractProgress in science has always been driven by data as a primary research output. This is especially true of the data-centric fields of molecular sciences. Scholarly journals in chemistry in the 19th century captured a (probably small) proportion of research data in printed journals, books, and compendia. The curation of this data from its origins in the 1880s and for most of the 20th century was largely driven by a few organisations as a commercial and proprietary activity. The online era, dating from around 1995, saw much experimentation centred around the presentation and delivery of journals, but less so of the data. The latter evolved, almost by accident, into what is now known as electronic supporting or supplemental information (SI), associated with journal articles. [
A teacher’s reflection on teaching “Tomorrow’s Leaders” in university students in Hong Kong
Authors: Yu Lu 
Published: May 2016

Abstract“Tomorrow’s Leaders” is a general education subject aiming at promoting holistic development of undergraduate students in The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. In this paper, the author presented her views and reflections on teaching this subject for 2 years. Successful experiences and lessons learned in terms of the curriculum design, ways of building relationship with students, and the application of experiential learning in this subject were shared. It is highlighted that teacher’s reflective practices are fundamental for promoting students’ effective learning and teacher’s personal development.
Crystal structure of dimethyl 5-(benzylamino)isophthalate, C17H17NO4
Authors: Sun Weixuan , Fang Xuedong , Zang Hu 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
C17H17NO4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 24.367(3) Å, b = 6.2556(6) Å, c = 20.854(2) Å, β = 110.016(2)°, V = 2986.9(5) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt
(F) = 0.0539, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1578, T = 293(2) K.
Bronze casting and cultural connections: Bronze Age workshops at Hunn, Norway
Authors: Melheim Lene , Prescott Christopher , Anfinset Nils 
Published: May 2016

ZusammenfassungDie Autoren präsentieren zwei separierte Metallwerkplätze auf dem Gräberfeldareal von Hunn in Østfold, südöstliches Norwegen. Diskutiert werden Produktionsumfang, -charakter und kultureller Kontext der Funde. Eine dieser Örtlichkeiten, der Fundplatz von Midtfeltet, repräsentiert den für Skandinavien umfangreichsten bronzezeitlichen Metallwerkplatz. Die Fundstellen befinden sich in einer Region, aus der kaum vergleichbare Bronzeartefakte vorliegen, was aber auf die paradoxe Situation innerhalb der norwegischen Bronzezeit hinweist, dass Örtlichkeiten der Herstellung und Verarbeitung von Bronze nicht mit jenen Regionen zusammenfallen, in denen die Mehrzahl bronzener Artefakte ihren Hauptniederschlag fanden. Die bronzezeitlichen Werkstätten und Monumente in Hunn liegt in einer vom späten Neolithikum geprägten Region, in der auch nach der Bronzezeit noch weitere Bestattungen erfolgten und Rituale durchgeführt wurden. Vorkommen unverhütteten Kupfers in bronzezeitlichen Kontexten können als Indikator für den Handel mit Rohstoffen gewertet werden, was ebenso seinen Nachweis findet durch Spuren in Schmelztiegeln anderer zentraler Werkplätze Skandinaviens. Hunn war mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit mit seinen zwei Werkstattbereichen und Anzeichen einer spezialisierten Metallverarbeitung – etwa durch Vorprodukte – ein regionales Zentrum für die handwerkliche Produktion und den Austausch unterschiedlicher Güter. Zu anderen nordischen Fundplätzen mit Metallverarbeitung lässt sich hohes Maß an Übereinstimmung erkennen hinsichtlich des metallurgischen Know-hows, der Schmelztechnologien, der Typologie vorgefundener Artefakte, aber auch bezüglich symbolischer Dekorationen. Alle diese Merkmale deuten auf spezialisierte Handwerker, die vor Ort ihre Tätigkeit ausübten. In diesem Kontext zu erwähnen ist neben einer lokalen Keramikproduktion mit Parallelen in den Ostseeraum sowie einer Lausitz-inspirierten Keramik noch eine frühe Brandbestattung bei Midtfeltet. Der Artikel konzentriert sich auf die Ergebnisse mehrerer Grabungskampagnen in den Jahren 1996–2006 bei Midtfeltet auf einer Fläche von insgesamt etwa 400 m
Cassibile revisited: rock-cut monuments and the configuration of Late Bronze Age and Iron Age sites in southeast Sicily
Authors: Leighton Robert 
Published: May 2016

ZusammenfassungDie prähistorische Nekropole von Cassibile im Südosten der Insel Sizilien gilt als bedeutender regionaler Fundort für die späte Bronze- und Eisenzeit Italiens (ca. 1300 bis 700 v. Chr.). Die Region wird allgemein als ein wichtiges Bevölkerungszentrum und Sitz einer Herrschaft angesehen, die noch vor der griechischen Kolonisation im 8. Jh. v. Chr. einen prägenden Einfluss auf umfangreiche Gebiete ausübte. Bekannt ist der Fundplatz vor allem aufgrund der in den Jahren 1898 und 1927 von Paolo Orsi durchgeführten Ausgrabungen und der weit mehr als 1000 in den Fels gehauene Grabkammern, die sich über eine Fläche von etwa 6 km
Twinning in chemical crystallography – a practical guide
Authors: Herbst-Irmer Regine 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A non-negliglible percentage of crystal structures in chemical crystallography are derived from twinned crystals. The treatment of these data is dependent on the type of twinning. Twins by strict, pseudo or reticular merohedry may hamper space group determination and structure solution, while non-merohedral twins mainly hinder the data integration process. One structure determination of each type is described in detail. CsCp*Py (1) crystallizes in space group P65, mimicking 6/mmm symmetry by merohedral twinning. The data of IPr · AlI3 (2) (IPr=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) simulate mmm symmetry although the true space group is P21/n. The crystals of K[Au(CN)2] (3) are obverse/reverse twins. [Cu3(dppaO2)2((OSiMe2)2O)2(thf)2] (4) (ddpaO2=bis(diphenylphosphoryl)amine) crystallizes in space group P21/n and is an example of a non-merohedral twin.
The Hygroscopy of Amino Acid Ionic Liquids in Aqueous Solution: a Quantum Chemistry Study
Authors: Zhu Xueying , Ai Hongqi 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Due to many remarkable advantages, such as biodegradability, low cost, chiral property, no toxicity, and excellent
solution property, amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs) have received more and more attention and recognition in many chemical
and environmental engineering fields. The intervention of water would significantly influence their properties.
To understand this effect, the binary systems of water with amino acid-based anion A (A = glycine (Gly−),
alanine (Ala−), valine (Val−), and leucine (Leu−)),
1-alkyl(C1–4)-3-methyl imidazolium-based cation B (B = [mmim]+, [emim]+, [pmim]+,
and [bmim]+), and [bmim]Gly ion pair were systematically studied using density functional theory. For either
A-water or B-water system, the shorter the alkyl chain is, the stronger the anion-water or cation-water interaction is and
greater the stability of the system is. The anion-water or cation-water system was discussed by infrared spectroscopy and
natural bond orbital analises. In [bmim]Gly-water, both the anion and the cation are important for the stability of
[bmim]Gly-water system, and the former ion is more significant than the latter on the properties of AAIL in aqueous
solution. The effects on the properties of AAIL in aqueous solution were predicted. This work can provide theoretical
basis for improvement of properties, design and application of AAILs.
Solvatochromism Effects on the Photo-Physical Behavior of Two Triazole Compounds
Authors: Kian Roshanak , Seyed Ahmadian Seyed  Masoud , Zakerhamidi Mohammad  Sadegh , Babaie Ghader , Nesari Parviz 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Diverse biological applications of triazole molecules, makes study of these compounds intriguing. Since, the solvent
effect causes different behavior in these compounds, a quantitative study of solvent effects on photo-physical properties
of two triazole compounds, with similar molecular skeleton and various substituent groups on triazole ring were studied,
at room temperature. The solute's photo-physical behavior strongly depends on the solute and solvent's nature, along with
the solvent-solute interactions. In order to understand the effect of intermolecular interactions on spectral behaviors of
these materials, and to conceive the nature and extend of solvent-solute interactions, the spectral variations were
analyzed via the linear solvation energy relationships concept, suggested by Kamlet and Taft. In addition, by means of
solvatochromic method, ground and excited states dipole moments as well as dipole moment variations, from ground to
excited states, were calculated, in different media.
Kandungan Fitokimia dan Bioaktivitas Ekstrak Metanol Biji Palem Putri (Veitchia merillii)
Authors: Adawiah Adawiah 
Published: May 2016

Palem putri (Veitchia merillii) is a kinds of Araceae plant which has been used by the community in cure myopic eyes and for woman who have pregnant. However, research on the content of secondary metabolites and bioactivity of palm putri has never been done. This study aims to determine the phytochemical content, total polyphenols and flavonoids and bioactivity include antioxidant activity DPPH free radical scavenging, antidiabetic method alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition and toxicity of the methods Bhrine Shrimp Lethal Test (BSLT). Palem putri contains secondary metabolites, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, phenolic hydroquinone and saponins. The methanol extract of palm putri seed has a total polyphenol content and total flavonoids respectively 642.8 mg gallic acid / gram sample extract and quercetin 543.3 mg / gram sample extract, has a very strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 0.82 ppm, the level of toxicity is very toxic with LC50 values ​​of 11.535 ppm. As well as having antidiabetic activity using the enzyme alpha-glucosidase inhibition with IC50 values ​​of 1.97 ppm is even higher than the activity of the compound quercetin as a positive control. Keywords: Palem putri, bioactivity, antioxidant, antidiabetic, toxicity Palem putri (Veitchia merillii) is a kinds of Araceae plant which has been used by the community in cure myopic eyes and for woman who have pregnant. However, research on the content of secondary metabolites and bioactivity of palm putri has never been done. This study aims to determine the phytochemical content, total polyphenols and flavonoids and bioactivity include antioxidant activity DPPH free radical scavenging, antidiabetic method alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition and toxicity of the methods Bhrine Shrimp Lethal Test (BSLT). Palem putri contains secondary metabolites, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, polyphenols, phenolic hydroquinone and saponins. The methanol extract of palm putri seed has a total polyphenol content and total flavonoids respectively 642.8 mg gallic acid / gram sample extract and quercetin 543.3 mg / gram sample extract, has a very strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 0.82 ppm, the level of toxicity is very toxic with LC50 values ​​of 11.535 ppm. As well as having antidiabetic activity using the enzyme alpha-glucosidase inhibition with IC50 values ​​of 1.97 ppm is even higher than the activity of the compound quercetin as a positive control. Keywords: Palem putri, bioactivity, antioxidant, antidiabetic, toxicity DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v2i1.3076
Kemudahan Biodegradasi Selulosa Bakteri dari Limbah Cucian Beras dengan Penambahan Gliserol, Kitosan, dan Nanopartikel Perak
Authors: Rohaeti Eli , Laksono FX Endang Widjajanti , Rakhmawati Anna 
Published: May 2016

The objectives of this research were to study the effect of glycerol and chitosan addition toward biodegradability of cellulose based rice waste water, the effect of biodegradation time toward mass lost and biodegradability, and determine functional group and crystalinity of the highest biodegradability composite. Bacterial celluloses were prepared from 100 mL rice waste water that fermented by Acetobacter xylinum for 7 days with addition of glycerol (for Cellulose-Glycerol and Cellulose-Glycerol-Chitosan). Then, bacterial celluloses were immersed in chitosan solution (for Cellulose-Chitosan and Cellulose-Glycerol-Chitosan). The water in bacterial cellulose and its composites was removed by heating, then deposited silver nanoparticle on the bacterial cellulose and its composite. The silver nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction with using AgNO3 solution, trisodium citric as reducing agent, and gelatin as stabilizer. The silver nanoparticle was deposited into bacterial cellulose and its composites film by immersing method. After that, the bacterial cellulose and its composites were biodegradated by soil burrial test method for 14 days. Then, cellulose with the highest biodegradability was characterized by ATR-FTIR and XRD. The silver nanoparticle formation was showed by UV-Vis spectrum with peak in the 418.8 nm area. The glycerol addition can increase biodegradability, whereas the chitosan addition can decrease biodegradability. The increasing of biodegradation time, mass lost increased but the biodegradability decreased. After biodegradation, intensity of pyran cyclic in cellulose-glycerol which is deposited Ag (SG + Ag) decreased, but crystallinity of it increased. Keywords : Biodegradation, glycerol, chitosan, silver nanoparticle, bacterial cellulose. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v2i1.3111
Karakterisasi Senyawa Hasil Isolasi dari Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Namnam (Cynometra Cauliflora L.) yang Memiliki Aktivitas Antibakteri
Authors: Maharani Tiah , Sukandar Dede , Hermanto Sandra 
Published: May 2016

Namnam is known as a plant family of fabacea that contains phenolic compounds with diverse biological activities including antibacterial. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the antibacterial activity of compounds isolated from ethyl acetate extract of the leaves namanam (Cynometra cauliflora L.). Extraction was done by maceration, fractionation by column chromatography, antibacterial essay by disc diffusion method, and characterization of compounds with UV-Vis, FTIR spectroscopy and LCMS. Ethyl acetate extracts have antibacterial activity with inhibition zone respectively 12.25 and 6.00 mm to Escherecia coli and Stapilococcus aureus at a concentration of 100,000 ppm. The results of column chromatography fractions 23-30 yielded three isolates with Rf 0.20 cm; 0.33 cm and 0.87 cm. Characteristics of antibacterial active compounds in isolates 2 (Rf 0.33 cm) is based on the analysis results are UV-Vis absorption at λmaks 206.93 nm, 268.40 nm, 328.58 nm, 383.98 nm and 386.98 nm , FTIR (KBr) showed -OH group 3415.68 cm-1, CH 2958.10 cm-1, C = C aromatic 1651.18 cm-1, C-OH cyclic 1019.88 cm-1 and CH aromatic 694.56 cm-1 and LCMS produce three main peak at a retention time of 4.82; 6.87 and 7.64 which is thought to be the compound 2-isopropyl-5-metilsikloheksil 2-hidroksipropanoat, Cuelure, and 2-[(2-Hydroxycyclohexyl) oxy] cyclohexanecarboxylate. Key word: antibacterial, disc diffusion, Namnam (Cynometracauliflora L.). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v2i1.3084
Uji Kinerja Fotodegradasi Kain Terlapisi Komposit Nanosized Chitosan/TiO2 Terhadap Zat Warna Rhodamine B
Authors: Saputro Agung Nugaraha Catur , Mulyani Baki , Nurhayati Nanik Dwi , Kurniawan Yunita 
Published: May 2016

The coating of nanosized Chitosan/TiO2 composit on cotton fabrics substrate and its performance for dye of Rhodamine B was studied. Nanosized Chitosan/TiO2 composit coated on cotton fabrics was done by dip-coating method through pad-dry-cure technic. Cotton fabric thats was coated by nanosized Chitosan/TiO2 composit was characterized by SEM, XRD, and FTIR. Photodegradation Performance test of cotton fabric coated Nanosized Chitosan/TiO2 composit for dye of Rhodamine B was done under UV ray and sun ray. It was concluded that was cotton fabric coated nanosized Chitosan/TiO2 can decompose dye of Rhodamine B with UV ray more effective than sun ray. Keywords : Dip-coating, photodegradation, nanosized chitosan/TiO2, cotton fabric, rhodamine B DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v2i1.3083