bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of drought and heat tolerant tepary beans in a multi‐environment trial study
Authors: Barrera Santos , Berny Mier y Teran Jorge C. , Aparicio Johan , Diaz Jairo , Leon Rommel , Beebe Steve , Urrea Carlos A. , Gepts Paul 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAbiotic constraints, such as drought and heat driven by climate change, negatively impact the production of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), an essential grain legume worldwide. The ability to tolerate drought and heat stress in common bean can be improved by introducing genetic variation from related species, such as tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray), which has recently gained attention because of its adaptation to drought and heat stresses and potential use as a genetic resource and alternative crop. To better understand the phenotypic response of tepary bean to drought and heat stress in multiple environments and trials and to select highly adapted tepary beans, we conducted two field experiments. In Experiment 1, we compared the adaptation to drought stress of tepary bean (n = 10), common bean (n = 10), and Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.; n = 9) by assessing the reduction in grain yield under terminal drought compared to well‐irrigated conditions in two California locations with arid summer conditions. Of the three species, tepary bean showed the statistically strongest adaptation to terminal drought, followed by Lima bean and common bean. In Experiment 2, we evaluated a set of 22 tepary beans from contrasting origins for drought and heat stresses across multi‐environment trials (METs) in California, Nebraska, and Colombia, with common bean as a control. We found a considerable variation in the tepary bean phenotypic response to these MET conditions, as a result of a strong genotype × environment interaction. Also, we identified tepary bean accessions adapted to drought, heat, and well‐irrigated conditions across multiple climate zones. Understanding the performance of tepary bean across multiple environments and identifying tepary beans with broad and target‐specific adaptation will maximize the potential use of the species.
Epigenetic mechanism of EZH2‐mediated histone methylation modification in regulating ferroptosis of alveolar epithelial cells in sepsis‐induced acute lung injury
Authors: Dai Ying , Chen Jiebin , Duan Qingning 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSepsis‐induced acute lung injury (SI‐ALI) leads to significant deaths in critically ill patients worldwide. This study explores the mechanism of EZH2 regulating ferroptosis of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) in SI‐ALI. In vitro cell model and in vivo mouse lung injury model of sepsis were established. EZH2 expression in lung tissues was intervened by sh‐EZH2, followed by H&E staining observation of lung tissue pathological changes. EZH2, H3K27me3, USP10, GPX4, and ACSL4 expressions were determined by qRT‐PCR or Western blot. ROS, GSH, and iron ion levels were detected using fluorescent labeling and reagent kits, respectively. ChIP analyzed the enrichment of EZH2 and H3K27me3 on USP10 promoter. The binding between USP10 and GPX4, and the ubiquitination level of GPX4 were detected using Co‐IP. EZH2 was highly expressed in lung tissues of SI‐ALI mice. EZH2 silencing alleviated ALI and ferroptosis of AECs; EZH2 increased the H3K27me3 level on USP10 promoter through histone methylation. USP10 stabilized GPX4 protein expression through ubiquitination; inhibition of USP10 partially reversed the inhibitory effect of EZH2 silencing on ferroptosis of AECs. In conclusion, EZH2 depresses USP10 expression by promoting histone H3K27me3 modification on USP10 promoter, thereby enhancing ubiquitination degradation of GPX4 and ultimately facilitating ferroptosis of AECs in sepsis.
Identification of plankton habitats in the North Sea
Authors: Plonus Rene‐Marcel , Floeter Jens 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe definition of an ecological niche makes it possible to anticipate the responses of a species to changing environmental conditions. Broad tolerance limits and a paucity of readily observable niches in the pelagic zone make it difficult to anticipate responses of the plankton community related to anthropogenic or environmental changes. Plankton distributions are closely linked to climate change and shape the seascape for higher trophic levels, so monitoring plankton distributions and defining ecological niches will help to understand and predict ecosystem responses. Here we apply a machine learning autoencoder and a density‐based clustering algorithm to high‐frequency datasets sampled with a ROTV Triaxus in the North Sea. The results indicate that in this highly dynamic environment, local hydrography prevents niche‐based separation of plankton species at the sub‐mesoscale, despite the availability of different habitats. Plankton patches were associated with naturally occurring frontal systems and anthropogenically induced upwelling‐downwelling dipoles in the vicinity of offshore wind farms (OWFs).
A Novel Web‐Based Approach for Monitoring Biodiversity
Authors: Panda Rajendra Mohan , Dash Padmanava , Sarathi Roy Partha 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding complexities in biodiversity is one of the fundamental goals of ecology and its monitoring is significant for ecosystem sustainability, maintenance, and conservation. However, biodiversity monitoring needs improvement to handle complex datasets and their analyses. This study attempts to understand these ecological complexities quickly, efficiently, and easily. The aim is to provide an alternative to ecologists, researchers, instructors, and stakeholders for biodiversity monitoring with the flexibility to visualize and customize outputs without software knowledge. A novel web‐based technique is applied to monitor the biodiversity of a complex mountain ecosystem using a national database. The species–environment relationships of different vegetation types across a mountain ecosystem's elevation gradient are investigated using open‐source climatic, physiographic, and socioeconomic variables. The proposed interactive tool to monitor biodiversity and understand its complexities is designed to visualize the data structure, summary, correlations, and sampling effectiveness quickly and easily. Plant species richness patterns and life forms (herb, shrub, and tree) across elevational gradients are investigated. We highlight the preliminary investigation of the data structure and their spatial distribution and apply the multicollinearity test to select variables for modeling. The drop‐down menu helps users browse different datasets and select those datasets for instant visualization. Preliminary investigations on interactions between variables and species richness of vegetation types along elevation gradient interactively displayed with options to select variables, plant richness, and an elevational range. Species–environment relationships are investigated using multiple modeling protocols, and results are interactively displayed with options to download in different file formats and colors at the click of a button. This visualization tool helps to understand ecosystem structure, species richness patterns and species–environment relationships easily and efficiently. The R‐codes used in this tool are reproducible and can be implemented with multiple datasets to monitor ecosystems.
Modeling Habitat Suitability for Cerithidea rhizophorarum and Telescopium telescopium in Indo‐West Pacific Mangroves
Authors: Adamu Hussaini O. , Hussaini Rahimat O. , Mohammed Ebenezer O. , Izegaegbe Joshua I. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMangroves provide habitat for a diverse array of marine species, especially snails. We used a MaxEnt model to predict potential global suitable habitat for Cerithidea rhizophorarum and Telescopium telescopium in the family Potamididae. A total of 667 occurrence data were obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) with the following sub‐data set contribution, “iNaturalist Research Grade Observations” (85%), “International Barcode of Life project (iBOL)” (7%), “FBIP: SeaKeys_SANBI: Marine images iSpot_2013” (1%), “A dataset of marine macroinvertebrate diversity from Mozambique and São Tomé and Príncipe” (1%), occurrence data of some marine invertebrates and freshwater crabs housed in the natural history collection at the National Museums of Kenya (1%), and Natural History Museum Rotterdam‐Specimens (1%). Our results showed that temperature with a contribution of above 80% in the present and future model is the most important driver of the distribution of mangrove snails. In the present and future models, the most potentially suitable habitats for C. rhizophorarum and T. telescopium were observed along coastal areas with a temperature between 20°C–21°C and 30°C, respectively. Our model predicts that by 2100, high‐suitability areas will shrink as a result of global warming. The vulnerability of mangrove snails under future climate conditions is evident in our results. Our findings contribute significant insights into the intricate relationship between mangrove habitats and mangrove snails, offering a valuable foundation for conservation initiatives aimed at safeguarding the biodiversity and ecological functions of these crucial coastal ecosystems in the face of changing global environmental conditions.
Pro‐oxidant and antioxidant activity of quinones and nitroazoles in flaxseed oil
Authors: Shadyro Oleg , Sosnovskaya Anna , Edimecheva Irina , Maliborsky Artsem 
Published: September 2024

AbstractQuinones are one of the most commonly used drugs for cancer treatment. Combinations of quinoid compounds and other oxidation inducers with flaxseed oil (FO), which is rich in omega‐3 alpha‐linolenic acid, show promise for improving the efficacy of antitumor drugs. Effects of benzo‐, naphtho‐, and anthraquinones, as well as metronidazole and a number of nitro‐1,2,4‐triazoles on the oxidative stability of FO, were studied. To this end, kinetic curves were obtained showing the accumulation of hydroperoxides in FO during storage at 37°C with free access to atmospheric oxygen. The calculated oxidation induction period demonstrates that the majority of the tested quinones intensify the oxidation of FO. Pro‐oxidant activity is maximum for 1,4‐benzoquinone and significantly decreases (p < 0.05) when various substituents are introduced into its ring. A noticeable increase in the concentration of hydroperoxides and the rate of oxidation at the initial stage of the oxidation process is characteristic for 1,4‐benzoquinone and its derivatives. Additives of 1,4‐naphthoquinone and 2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone (lawsone) do not affect the oxidative stability of FO, while 5‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinone (juglone) and 4,6‐di‐tert‐butyl‐1,2‐benzoquinone effectively inhibit the oxidation of FO. The oxidation of FO lipids is accelerated by all investigated nitroazoles; however, 1‐methyl‐3,5‐dinitro‐1,2,4‐triazole has the highest pro‐oxidant activity.Practical Applications: The results of this study may be useful in the development of new methods of antitumor therapy using omega‐3 polyunsaturated substrates in combination with quinoid and nitrotriazole cytostatics. The data obtained can also be used in the development of oxidation‐stable foods based on flaxseed oil, as well as in the production of resins, drying oils, varnishes, paints, and other materials.
Online Isotope Analysis of Sulfur in Proteins via Capillary Electrophoresis Coupled With Multicollector ICP‐MS (CE/MC‐ICP‐MS): A Proof of Concept Study
Authors: Tukhmetova Dariya , Langhammer Nicole , Vogl Jochen , Meermann Björn 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIsotope ratio analysis of sulfur in biological samples using inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) has gained significant interest for applications in quantitative proteomics. Advancements like coupling separation techniques with multicollector ICP‐MS (MC‐ICP‐MS) enhance the throughput of species‐specific sulfur isotope ratio measurements, fostering new avenues for studying sulfur metabolism in complex biological matrices. This proof‐of‐concept study investigates the feasibility of online CE/MC‐ICP‐MS for directly analyzing sulfur isotope ratios in proteins (albumin). Leveraging our previous work on the applicability of CE/ICP‐MS for quantifying sulfur‐containing biological molecules, we explore its potential for sulfur isotope analysis. Our results demonstrate that direct analysis of sulfur isotopes in albumin protein using online capillary electrophoresis MC‐ICP‐MS (CE/MC‐ICP‐MS) eliminates the need for laborious pretreatment steps, while yielding isotope ratios comparable to the reference values. Although initial precision can be improved through further system optimization and protein injection techniques, this approach paves the way for future analysis of mixtures of various biological compounds in, for example, clinical diagnosis studies.
Etiology, clinical features, and epidemiological analysis of diarrhea patients visiting a gastrointestinal clinic in a comprehensive hospital in Beijing, China, in 2023
Authors: Qi Lihua , Zhou Siwei , Gu Dongmei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and epidemiology of diarrhea patients and analyze the current distribution of enteropathogens causing diarrhea in a comprehensive hospital in Beijing, China, in 2023.Materials and MethodsFrom April to October 2023, we enrolled patients with diarrheal diseases who visited the gastrointestinal clinic in our hospital. The patients' demographic, epidemiological, and clinical features were obtained via a questionnaire. Stool samples were examined for 20 enteropathogens by multiplex polymerase chain reaction testing.ResultsWe enrolled 260 patients; men and adults accounted for 55.77% and 95.77% of the patients, respectively. The median age was 37 years. Eighty‐four enteropathogens, 72 bacteria and 12 viruses, were identified in 74 patients. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli was the predominant agent. Patients with and without pathogens detected in stool samples showed no significant differences in age, sex, gastrointestinal symptoms, and stool characteristics. Possible food‐related events were recorded in 57.31% of the patients. Leukocyte counts in patients with bacterial infections were higher than those of patients with viral infections and those with no detected pathogens (p < 0.05). Seasonality of bacterial distribution was observed (p < 0.05).ConclusionBacteria were predominant pathogens among the diarrhea patients. The incidence of diarrhea was related to hot weather and foodborne illness. Bacterial diarrhea may cause systemic infection. The clinical symptoms of infectious diarrhea were usually non‐specific and unrelated to the type of infection. Timely and comprehensive multi‐pathogen surveillance might be helpful to detect suspected pathogens and promote epidemic prevention and control.
Comparative analysis of FAO dual Kc, Priestley‐Taylor and flux variance similarity methods in partitioning evapotranspiration from flood‐irrigated rice fields
Authors: Anupoju Varaprasad , Kambhammettu BVN P. , Peddinti Srinivasa Rao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAccurate quantification of evapotranspiration (ET) and its bifurcation into productive transpiration (T) and unproductive evaporation (E) are essential for the successful implementation of sustainable irrigation practices. This study compares the performances of three distinct methods for partitioning ET into E and T fluxes from flood‐irrigated rice fields. These methods include: i) the FAO dual Kc‐ETo model, which utilizes Penman–Monteith (PM) estimates of reference ET and crop‐specific scaling factors; ii) the Priestley‐Taylor (PT) method, which relies on radiation‐driven energy balance at the canopy surface; and iii) the flux variance similarity (FVS) method, which utilizes high‐frequency eddy covariance (EC) measurements of carbon and water vapour fluxes. Meteorological, phenological and hydrological parameters were monitored over two winter seasons in a paddy field, replicating site‐specific management strategies. The cumulative ETs obtained from the PM, PT and FVS methods were 445 mm, 300 mm and 356 mm, respectively, for season 1 and 428 mm, 321 mm and 375 mm, respectively, for season 2. The accuracy of the ET estimation and partition methods was assessed against independent measurements of ET and E using a lysimeter and a microlysimeter. The results demonstrated that the EC‐based FVS method offers superior accuracy in both quantifying (R2 = 0.67, RMSE = 0.70 mm) and partitioning (R2 = 0.51, RMSE = 0.76 mm) ET fluxes, followed by the PM‐based FAO dual Kc‐ETo and PT methods. Evaporation accounted for 29 ± 5% of consumptive water use, highlighting an opportunity for the implementation of water‐saving strategies, particularly during vegetative and transplantation stages. The findings of the path analysis indicate that vegetative and radiation factors influence ET variation, while meteorological and soil factors significantly impact T variation.
Understanding the Impacts on Automobile Leasing Firm Loss in China: An Analysis of Vehicle Residual Value Risk and Lease Price Patterns
Authors: Zhu Jiazhe , Zhao Yuefeng , He Ping 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe paper addresses vehicle depreciation and pricing issues in the automobile leasing industry in China. Under the current industry climate, operating lease firms face large residual value risk, and therefore, how to price contracts that minimises such risk is an important question. By analysing market data of used vehicles, an exponential decay function was developed to model the price dynamics across different brands and model series. Specifically, we estimate the depreciation rate directly from the data. In addition, by considering all revenue and cost components and converting them into present value terms, appropriate deposit and rents combintions were sought under different profit expectations. Length of contracts, age of vehicles and purchase cost factors were also considered to detect any further patterns in rents. The research outcomes will provide guidance on lease pricing given the current development of the industry, thereby improving firms’ profitability position as well as helping maintain their competitiveness and growth.
Addressing meniscal deficiency part 1: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta‐analyses on meniscal allograft transplantation
Authors: Wu Kevin A. , Kiwinda Lulla V. , Therien Aaron D. , Castillo Christian J. , Hendren Stephanie , Long Jason S. , Amendola Annunziato , Lau Brian C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeMeniscal injuries are common in the young and active population. There is increasing utilization of surgical interventions like meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) to restore the protective function of menisci following injury leading to meniscal deficiency. Extensive research and publications exist on the management of meniscal injury and the sequalae of meniscal deficiency. However, a comprehensive synthesis of the existing evidence through an umbrella review is lacking. This study aims to fill this gap by providing a current examination of the literature on MAT.MethodsA comprehensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus databases to identify relevant systematic reviews and meta‐analyses. Studies were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the AMSTAR‐2 tool.ResultsA total of 41 studies were included in the review, with most published within the last decade. The majority of studies (56.1%) received a ‘Critically Low’ confidence rating, 26.8% were rated as ‘Low’, and only 14.6% were rated as ‘High’ confidence. From the included studies, 51.2% reported on PROMs, with the Lysholm score being the most common. Transplant failure and reoperation rate were reported in 34.1% and 19.5% of studies respectively. Studies on MAT reported favourable short‐term outcomes in terms of patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) but were limited by the lack of randomized control trials and consistent comparison groups.ConclusionsThis umbrella review highlights an increase in interest in MAT but underscores the need for higher‐quality reviews with standardized reporting and rigorous methodologies. Future research should focus on long‐term outcomes, optimal surgical techniques, patient selection criteria and risk factors for transplant failure. There is also a need for more studies focusing on MAT in pediatric populations. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of research in MAT and identifies areas for improvement in future studies.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Omission of Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Adenocarcinoma: Evaluation of PROSPECT in a National Database
Authors: Buchheit Joanna T. , Janczewski Lauren M. , Wells Amy , Hardy Ashley N. , Abad John D. , Bentrem David J. , Halverson Amy L. , Chawla Akhil 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesThe PROSPECT trial showed noninferiority of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with selective chemoradiation (CRT) versus CRT alone. However, trial results are often difficult to reproduce with real‐world data. Pathologic outcomes and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by neoadjuvant strategy in locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma patients in a national database.MethodsThe 2012–2020 National Cancer Database was queried for clinical T2N1 and T3N0‐1 rectal adenocarcinoma patients with definitive resection. Patients were categorized by neoadjuvant treatment with CRT alone, NAC alone, and NAC with CRT. Outcomes included R0 resection, pathologic complete response (PCR), and OS.ResultsOf 18 892 patients, 16 126 (85.4%) received CRT, 1018 (5.4%) NAC, and 1748 (9.3%) NAC with CRT. Patients with NAC alone or NAC with CRT were more likely to have stage‐III disease, private insurance, and academic facility treatment (all p < 0.001). NAC alone had lower adjusted odds of an R0 resection (OR 0.72; 95%CI 0.54–0.95) and PCR (OR 0.77; 95%CI 0.64–0.93). NAC with CRT demonstrated improved OS (HR 0.71; 95%CI 0.61–0.82), with no difference between NAC and CRT alone. Among patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy, no differences in OS were seen.ConclusionsPatients who received NAC alone had worse pathologic outcomes. NAC had similar OS to CRT and NAC with CRT showed improved OS.