bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐Cost Surrogate Modeling for Expedited Data Acquisition of Reconfigurable Metasurfaces
Authors: Zhang Jun Wei , Dai Jun Yan , Wu Geng‐Bo , Lu Ying Juan , Cao Wan Wan , Liang Jing Cheng , Wu Jun Wei , Wang Manting , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Jia Nan , Cheng Qiang , Chan Chi Hou , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have been widely used to break the metasurface’s performance ceiling. However, the existing data‐driven ML and DL methods usually require the availability of vast amounts of training data to ensure their stable and accurate performance. The process of acquiring these data is high‐cost due to the need for numerous full‐wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations. Here, we propose a low‐cost surrogate model to generate these data efficiently. The proposed model employs microwave network theory to separate meta‐elements into four independent components. Through integration with transmission line theory, we derive the EM responses of meta‐elements using analytical representation with the active device equivalent impedance and dielectric as design variables. Two typical phase‐modulation active meta‐elements are employed to verify the accuracy of our macromodel in comparison with full‐wave EM simulations. Based on the developed macromodel, the superior prediction ability is further presented to illustrate the performance of meta‐elements with various active devices and dielectric substrates. The proposed macromodel is a feasible and general method to rapidly obtain the necessary training data of active meta‐elements, which holds a great potential to significantly reduce the designing time of ML and DL models for the active metasurfaces.
Low Dark Current, High Responsivity, and Self‐Powered MoTe2 Photodetector Integrated With a Thin Film Lithium Niobate Waveguide
Authors: Yang Fan , Hu Youtian , Ou Jiale , Li Qingyun , Zang Zhenjun , Fang Jiongwen , Chen Jiamin , Han Huangpu , Cai Changlong , Ruan Shuangchen , Xiang Bingxi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThin film lithium niobate is one of the most crucial platforms in the next generation of integrated optoelectronics because of its ability to integrate tight optical confinement, low optical loss, and active optical functions. A current challenge in the field of thin film lithium niobate photonics is the development of high‐performance photodetectors to achieve multifunctional photonic integrated circuits. This study introduces a high‐performance MoTe2 photodetector integrated on a thin film lithium niobate waveguide. The photodetector achieves the lowest dark current and highest on/off ratio among waveguide‐integrated photodetectors on a thin film lithium niobate platform. Due to a slight asymmetry in the behavior of the two electrode contacts of the device, the photodetector also achieves self‐driven. At zero bias and a wavelength of 1310 nm, a dark current of ≈20 pA, and an on/off ratio exceeding 105 are achieved. At a bias voltage of 1 V, the measured dark current, responsivity, and on/off ratio are 1.13 nA, 309 mA/W, and 1.8 × 104, respectively. Notably, the device exhibits fast rise and fall times of 9.3 and 13.5 µs, respectively, accompanied by a high detectivity of 2.58 × 1011 W−1.
Toward Controllable Self‐Reduction of Mn4+ to Mn2+ by Lanthanide Ions for Luminescence Based Colorimetric Sensing of Temperature
Authors: Zheng Liwen , Yang Yuxin , Wu Hao , Wu Huajun , Pan Guo‐Hui , Luo Yongshi , Hao Zhendong , Zhang Liangliang , Zhang Jiahua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLuminescence intensity ratio (LIR) based optical thermometers have attracted lots of attention. In case of color tunable luminescence with the variation of LIR, “RGB colorimetry” based on convenient temperature sensing using a smartphone or digital camera is available. However, narrow emission bands with primary colors are needed for avoiding color crosstalk and achieving high sensitivities. In this paper, Mn4+ and Mn2+ coactivated CaAl12O19 (CAO) phosphors are reported that show a narrow red emission of Mn4+ and green one of Mn2+ with the number of the two ions controlled by lanthanide ions through manipulation of self‐reduction of Mn4+ to Mn2+ in air. The self‐reduction in CAO via the addition of Ce4+ is mainly studied. First‐principles calculation shows that the self‐reduction is driven by Ca vacancies that are produced in aliovalent substitution of Ce4+ for Ca2+ and can reduce the formation energy of Mn2+. The comparative study of temperature sensing based on LIR and RG colorimetry is conducted. The relative sensitivity based on LIR is high as 4.5% K−1 at 373 K and that for RG colorimetry can reach 2% K−1 at 350 K. These findings provide a strategy for manipulation of manganese valance states and a phosphor for RG colorimetry temperature sensing.
Distinct Immune Homeostasis Remodeling Patterns after HLA‐Matched and Haploidentical Transplantation
Authors: Guo Huidong , Guo Liping , Wang Bixia , Jiang Xinya , Wu Zhigui , Mo Xiao‐Dong , Sun Yu‐Qian , Zhang Yuan‐Yuan , Wang Zhi‐Dong , Kong Jun , Yan Chen‐Hua , Huang Xiao‐Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is a widely used treatment for a variety of hematopoietic disorders, and also provides a valuable platform for investigating the development of donor‐derived immune cells in recipients post‐HSCT. The immune system remodels from the donor to the recipient during allo‐HSCT. However, little is known about the cell profile alterations as donor homeostasis rebalances to recipient homeostasis following HSCT. Here, multi‐omics technology is applied at both the single cell and bulk sample levels, as well as spectrum flow cytometry and fluorescent transgenic mouse models, to dissect the dynamics of the rebalanced homeostatic immune system in recipients after allo‐HSCT. The data reveal that all immune subpopulations observed in donors are successfully restored in recipients, though with varying levels of abundance. The remodeling of immune homeostasis exhibits different patterns in HLA‐matched and haploidentical HSCT, highlighting distinct biases in T cell reconstitution from the central and peripheral pathways. Furthermore, ZNF683 is critical for maintaining the persistence and quiescence of CD8 T‐cell in haploidentical HSCT. The research can serve as a foundation for developing novel strategies to induce immune tolerance.
Integrated Microbiome and Metabolome Analysis Reveals Hypothalamic‐Comorbidities Related Signatures in Craniopharyngioma
Authors: Lin Ben , Ye Zhen , Cao Zhan , Ye Zhao , Yu Yifei , Jiang Weiliang , Guo Sichen , Melnikov Vladimir , Zhou Peng , Ji Chenxing , Shi Chengzhang , Wu Zerui , Chen Zhengyuan , Xu Yihua , Zhang Qilin , Ma Zengyi , Qiao Nidan , Chen Long , Shou Xuefei , Cao Xiaoyun , Zhou Xiang , Zhang Li , He Min , Wang Yongfei , Ye Hongying , Li Yiming , Zhang Zhaoyun , Wang Meng , Gao Renyuan , Zhang Yichao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCraniopharyngioma (CP) is an intracranial tumor with high mortality and morbidity. Though biologically benign, CP will damage the hypothalamus, inducing comorbidities such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cognitive impairments. The roles of gut microbiome and serum metabolome in CP‐associated hypothalamic comorbidities are aimed to be explored. Patients with CP are characterized by increased Shannon diversity, Eubacterium, Clostridium, and Roseburia, alongside decreased Alistipes and Bacteroides. CP‐enriched taxa are positively correlated with dyslipidemia and cognitive decline, while CP‐depleted taxa are negatively associated with fatty liver. Subsequent serum metabolomics identified notably up‐regulated purine metabolism, and integrative analysis indicated an association between altered microbiota and elevated hypoxanthine. Phenotypic study and multi‐omics analysis in the Rax‐CreERT2::BrafV600E/+::PtenFlox/+ mouse model validated potential involvement of increased Clostridium and dysregulated purine metabolism in hypothalamic comorbidities. To further consolidate this, intervention experiments are performed and it is found that hypoxanthine co‐variated with the severity of hypothalamic comorbidities and abundance of Clostridium, and induced dysregulated purine metabolism along with redox imbalance in target organs (liver and brain cortex). Overall, the study demonstrated the potential of increased Clostridium and up‐regulated purine metabolism as signatures of CP‐associated hypothalamic‐comorbidities, and unveiled that elevated Clostridium, dysregulated purine metabolism, and redox imbalance may mediate the development and progression of CP‐associated hypothalamic‐comorbidities.
Artificial Intelligence‐Enhanced Metasurfaces for Instantaneous Measurements of Dispersive Refractive Index
Authors: Badloe Trevon , Yang Younghwan , Lee Seokho , Jeon Dongmin , Youn Jaeseung , Kim Dong Sung , Rho Junsuk 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMeasurements of the refractive index of liquids are in high demand in numerous fields such as agriculture, food and beverages, and medicine. However, conventional ellipsometric refractive index measurements are too expensive and labor‐intensive for consumer devices, while Abbe refractometry is limited to the measurement at a single wavelength. Here, a new approach is proposed using machine learning to unlock the potential of colorimetric metasurfaces for the real‐time measurement of the dispersive refractive index of liquids over the entire visible spectrum. The platform with a proof‐of‐concept experiment for measuring the concentration of glucose is further demonstrated, which holds a profound impact in non‐invasive medical sensing. High‐index‐dielectric metasurfaces are designed and fabricated, while their experimentally measured reflectance and reflected colors, through microscopy and a standard smartphone, are used to train deep‐learning models to provide measurements of the dispersive background refractive index with a resolution of ≈10−4, which is comparable to the known index as measured with ellipsometry. These results show the potential of enabling the unique optical properties of metasurfaces with machine learning to create a platform for the quick, simple, and high‐resolution measurement of the dispersive refractive index of liquids, without the need for highly specialized experts and optical procedures.
Multifunctional Bionic Periosteum with Ion Sustained‐Release for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Mao Junjie , Sun Zhenqian , Wang Shidong , Bi Jianqiang , Xue Lu , Wang Lu , Wang Hongliang , Jiao Guangjun , Chen Yunzhen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, a novel bionic periosteum (BP)‐bioactive glass fiber membrane (BGFM) is designed. The introduction of magnesium ion (Mg2+) and zinc ion (Zn2+) change the phase separation during the electrospinning (ES) jet stretching process. The fiber's pore structure transitions from connected to closed pores, resulting in a decrease in the rapid release of metal ions while also improving degradation via reducing filling quality. Additionally, the introduction of magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) lead to the formation of negative charged tetrahedral units (MgO42− and ZnO42−) in the glass network. These units effectively trap positive charged metal ions, further inhibiting ion release. In vitro experiments reveal that the deigned bionic periosteum regulates the polarization of macrophages toward M2 type, thereby establishing a conducive immune environment for osteogenic differentiation. Bioinformatics analysis indicate that BP enhanced bone repair via the JAK‐STAT signaling pathway. The slow release of metal ions from the bionic periosteum can directly enhance osteogenic differentiation and vascularization, thereby accelerating bone regeneration. Finally, the bionic periosteum exhibits remarkable capabilities in angiogenesis and osteogenesis, demonstrating its potential for bone repair in a rat calvarial defect model.
Novel Arf1 Inhibitors Drive Cancer Stem Cell Aging and Potentiate Anti‐Tumor Immunity
Authors: Wang Yuetong , Li Qiaoming , Ding Yahui , Luo Chenfei , Yang Jun , Wang Na , Jiang Ning , Yao Tiange , Wang Guohao , Shi Guoming , Hou Steven X. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe small G protein Arf1 has been identified as playing a selective role in supporting cancer stem cells (CSCs), making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. However, the current Arf1 inhibitors have limited translational potential due to their high toxicity and low specificity. In this study, two new potent small‐molecule inhibitors of Arf1, identified as DU101 and DU102, for cancer therapy are introduced. Preclinical tumor models demonstrate that these inhibitors triggered a cascade of aging in CSCs and enhance anti‐tumor immunity in mouse cancer and PDX models. Through single‐cell sequencing, the remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment induced by these new Arf1 inhibitors is analyzed and an increase in tumor‐associated CD8+ CD4+ double‐positive T (DPT) cells is identified. These DPT cells exhibit superior features of active CD8 single‐positive T cells and a higher percentage of TCF1+PD‐1+, characteristic of stem‐like T cells. The frequency of tumor‐infiltrating stem‐like DPT cells correlates with better disease‐free survival (DFS) in cancer patients, indicating that these inhibitors may offer a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy by converting the cold tumor immune microenvironment into a hot one, thus expanding the potential for immunotherapy in cancer patients.
Calcium Peroxide‐Based Hydrogels Enable Biphasic Release of Hydrogen Peroxide for Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Huang Ying , Fu Zi , Wang Han , Liu Zeyang , Gao Mengqi , Luo Yanran , Zhang Meng , Wang Jing , Ni Dalong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWound infection is a major factor affecting the speed and quality of wound healing. While hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is recognized for its antibacterial capacity and facilitation of wound healing, its administration requires careful dosage differentiation. Inappropriately matched dosages can protract the healing of infected wounds. Herein, a calcium peroxide‐based hydrogel (CPO‐Alg hydrogel) is fabricated to enable a biphasic tapered release of H2O2, ensuring robust initial antimicrobial activity followed by sustained promotion of cellular proliferation of wound healing. The design of the hydrogel allowed for the calcium peroxide nanoparticles (CPO NPs) being in two spatial niches within the gel framework. When applied to infectious wounds, CPO NPs with weak constraints are promptly released out of the gel, penetrating into infected regions to serve as antibacterial agents that eliminate bacteria and biofilms at high concentrations. Conversely, the entrapped CPO NPs structurally integrated into the gel remain confined, thus gradually degrading and allowing a mild release of H2O2 through hydrolysis in a moist environment that contributes to the cell growth in the later stage. The CPO‐Alg hydrogel represents an innovative and practical solution for the antimicrobial protection of chronic wounds, offering promising prospects for advancing wound healing.
2D Differential Metallic Immunopotentiators Drive High Diversity and Capability of Antigen‐specific Immunity Against Tumor
Authors: Ren Hongze , Zhu Anqi , Yang Wei , Jia Yiwen , Cheng Hui , Wu Ye , Tang Zhengqi , Ye Weifan , Sun Mayu , Xie Yujie , Yu Meihua , Chen Yu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe therapeutic efficacy of vaccines for treating cancers in clinics remains limited. Here, a rationally designed cancer vaccine by placing immunogenically differential and clinically approved aluminum (Al) or manganese (Mn) in a 2D nanosheet (NS) architecture together with antigens is reported. Structurally optimal NS with a high molar ratio of Mn to Al (MANS‐H) features distinctive immune modulation, markedly promoting the influx of heterogeneous innate immune cells at the injection site. Stimulation of multiple subsets of dendritic cells (DCs) significantly increases the levels, subtypes, and functionalities of antigen‐specific T cells. MANS‐H demonstrates even greater effectiveness in the production of antigen‐specific antibodies than the commercial adjuvant (Alhydrogel) by priming T helper (Th)2 cells rather than T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. Beyond humoral immunity, MANS‐H evokes high frequencies of antigen‐specific Th1 and CD8+ cell immunity, which are comparable with Quil‐A that is widely used in veterinary vaccines. Immunized mice with MANS‐H adjuvanted vaccines exert strong potency in tumor regression by promoting effector T cells infiltrating at tumor and overcoming tumor resistance in multiple highly aggressive tumor models. The engineered immunogen with an intriguing NS architecture and safe immunopotentiators offers the next clinical advance in cancer immunotherapy.
NEMO‐Binding Domain/IKKγ Inhibitory Peptide Alleviates Neuronal Pyroptosis in Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting ASMase‐Induced Lysosome Membrane Permeabilization
Authors: Geng Yibo , Lou Junsheng , Wu Junnan , Tao Zhichao , Yang Ningning , Kuang Jiaxuan , Wu Yuzhe , Zhang Jiacheng , Xiang Linyi , Shi Jingwei , Cai Yuepiao , Wang Xiangyang , Chen Jiaoxiang , Xiao Jian , Zhou Kailiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA short peptide termed NEMO‐binding domain (NBD) peptide has an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB). Despite its efficacy in inhibiting inflammatory responses, the precise neuroprotective mechanisms of NBD peptide in spinal cord injury (SCI) remain unclear. This study aims to determine whether the pyroptosis‐related aspects involved in the neuroprotective effects of NBD peptide post‐SCI.Using RNA sequencing, the molecular mechanisms of NBD peptide in SCI are explored. The evaluation of functional recovery is performed using the Basso mouse scale, Nissl staining, footprint analysis, Masson's trichrome staining, and HE staining. Western blotting, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, and immunofluorescence assays are used to examine pyroptosis, autophagy, lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase), and the NF‐κB/p38‐MAPK related signaling pathway.NBD peptide mitigated glial scar formation, reduced motor neuron death, and enhanced functional recovery in SCI mice. Additionally, NBD peptide inhibits pyroptosis, ameliorate LMP‐induced autophagy flux disorder in neuron post‐SCI. Mechanistically, NBD peptide alleviates LMP and subsequently enhances autophagy by inhibiting ASMase through the NF‐κB/p38‐MAPK/Elk‐1/Egr‐1 signaling cascade, thereby mitigating neuronal death. NBD peptide contributes to functional restoration by suppressing ASMase‐mediated LMP and autophagy depression, and inhibiting pyroptosis in neuron following SCI, which may have potential clinical application value.
Endo‐Lysosomal Network Disorder Reprograms Energy Metabolism in SorL1‐Null Rat Hippocampus
Authors: Wang Yajie , Yang Yuting , Cai Ying , Aobulikasimu Ayikaimaier , Wang Yuexin , Hu Chuanwei , Miao Zhikang , Shao Yue , Zhao Mengna , Hu Yue , Xu Chang , Chen Xinjun , Li Zhiqiang , Chen Jincao , Wang Lianrong , Chen Shi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSortilin‐related receptor 1 (SorL1) deficiency is a genetic predisposition to familial Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but its pathology is poorly understood. In SorL1‐null rats, a disorder of the global endosome‐lysosome network (ELN) is found in hippocampal neurons. Deletion of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in SorL1‐null rats could not completely rescue the neuronal abnormalities in the ELN of the hippocampus and the impairment of spatial memory in SorL1‐null young rats. These in vivo observations indicated that APP is one of the cargoes of SorL1 in the regulation of the ELN, which affects hippocampal‐dependent memory. When SorL1 is depleted, the endolysosome takes up more of the lysosome flux and damages lysosomal digestion, leading to pathological lysosomal storage and disturbance of cholesterol and iron homeostasis in the hippocampus. These disturbances disrupt the original homeostasis of the material‐energy‐subcellular structure and reprogram energy metabolism based on fatty acids in the SorL1‐null hippocampus, instead of glucose. Although fatty acid oxidation increases ATP supply, it cannot reduce the levels of the harmful byproduct ROS during oxidative phosphorylation, as it does in glucose catabolism. Therefore, the SorL1‐null rats exhibit hippocampal degeneration, and their spatial memory is impaired. Our research sheds light on the pathology of SorL1 deficiency in AD.
Atomic Phosphorus Sites for Anchoring Platinum–Tungsten Dimers to Facilitate Proton Transfer in All‐pH Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Guan Yi , Song Zhongxin , Xue Chuang , Yao Xiaozhang , Zheng Matthew Liu , Fu Jiamin , Li Weihan , Li Yongliang , Ren Xiangzhong , Zhang Lei , Liu Li‐Min , Sun Xueliang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBimetallic single‐atom‐dimer (SAD) with unique electronic structures and adsorption properties presents exceptional catalytic performance owing to atomic‐level synergistic effects from direct bonding between different metal atoms. However, inherent characteristics of substrate present great challenges in their synthesis and mechanism investigation. Herein, a unique phosphorus modified atomic layer deposition (P‐ALD) strategy is designed to synthesize P‐anchored Pt–W dimers, overcoming substrate limitation (Pt1W1–P/C). Motivated introduction of atomic P site via ALD can effectively anchor one‐to‐one AB bimetallic dimer structure on various substrates, confirmed by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Density functional theory reveals an interatomic synergistic adsorption mechanism, with W as primary hydrogen adsorption site extending to Pt, optimizing hydrogen coverage, leading to 60‐fold increase in mass activity compared to commercial Pt/C in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes. Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer with ultra‐low loading Pt1W1–P/C (50 µgPt cm−2) catalyst operates durability at 1000 mA cm−2 for 550 h with ultra‐low degradation of 38 µV h−1. Operando XAS confirms hydrogen adsorption pathway between atoms and remarkable self‐healing ability of P–Pt–W–O sites under all‐pH conditions. These findings extend the application domain of SAD to catalytic manufacturing methods and aid in designing advanced materials with multi‐atomic active sites.
High‐Rate Polymeric Redox in MXene‐Based Superlattice‐Like Heterostructure for Ammonium Ion Storage
Authors: Chen Chaofan , Quek Glenn , Liu Hongjun , Bannenberg Lars , Li Ruipeng , Choi Jaehoon , Ren Dingding , Vázquez Ricardo Javier , Boshuizen Bart , Fimland Bjørn‐Ove , Fleischmann Simon , Wagemaker Marnix , Jiang De‐en , Bazan Guillermo Carlos , Wang Xuehang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAchieving both high redox activity and rapid ion transport is a critical and pervasive challenge in electrochemical energy storage applications. This challenge is significantly magnified when using large‐sized charge carriers, such as the sustainable ammonium ion (NH4+). A self‐assembled MXene/n‐type conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) superlattice‐like heterostructure that enables redox‐active, fast, and reversible ammonium storage is reported. The superlattice‐like structure persists as the CPE:MXene ratio increases, accompanied by a linear increase in the interlayer spacing of MXene flakes and a greater overlap of CPEs. Concurrently, the redox activity per unit of CPE unexpectedly intensifies, a phenomenon that can be explained by the enhanced de‐solvation of ammonium due to the increased volume of 3 Å‐sized pores, as indicated by molecular dynamic simulations. At the maximum CPE mass loading (MXene:CPE ratio = 2:1), the heterostructure demonstrates the strongest polymeric redox activity with a high ammonium storage capacity of 126.1 C g−1 and a superior rate capability at 10 A g−1. This work unveils an effective strategy for designing tunable superlattice‐like heterostructures to enhance redox activity and achieve rapid charge transfer for ions beyond lithium.