bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac magnetic resonance in inflammatory heart disease: a single tool for multiple clinical scenarios
Authors: Dominici Lorenzo , Marchitelli Livia , Ruoli Letizia , Conia Luca , Cundari Giulia , Pambianchi Giacomo , Catalano Carlo , Galea Nicola 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInflammatory heart disease (IHD) includes a spectrum of conditions affecting cardiac structures and vessels, caused mainly by immune response to viruses, autoimmune disease, and toxic agents. Clinical manifestations, such as acute chest pain, often overlap with ischemic heart disease and other heart conditions. IHD diagnosis by imaging can significantly alter patient management and prognosis. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in the assessment of the most common IHDs highlighting recommended acquisition protocols and main imaging features of viral myocarditis, pericarditis, endocarditis, device infections, involvement in autoimmune and rheumatic disorders, cardiotoxicity, endomyocardial fibrosis, hypereosinophilic syndrome, and vasculitis. Furthermore, the review discusses future perspectives of CMR, with emphasis on the potential of novel MR-based techniques to improve diagnostic accuracy and understanding of IHDs pathways. Overall, CMR emerges as a powerful modality offering comprehensive evaluation of myocardial inflammation, advancing diagnosis and management of IHD.
Expanding the use of mathematical modeling in healthcare epidemiology and infection prevention and control
Authors: Grant Rebecca , Rubin Michael , Abbas Mohamed , Pittet Didier , Srinivasan Arjun , Jernigan John A. , Bell Michael , Samore Matthew , Harbarth Stephan , Slayton Rachel B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, mathematical modeling has been widely used to understand epidemiological burden, trends, and transmission dynamics, to facilitate policy decisions, and, to a lesser extent, to evaluate infection prevention and control (IPC) measures. This review highlights the added value of using conventional epidemiology and modeling approaches to address the complexity of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and antimicrobial resistance. It demonstrates how epidemiological surveillance data and modeling can be used to infer transmission dynamics in healthcare settings and to forecast healthcare impact, how modeling can be used to improve the validity of interpretation of epidemiological surveillance data, how modeling can be used to estimate the impact of IPC interventions, and how modeling can be used to guide IPC and antimicrobial treatment and stewardship decision-making. There are several priority areas for expanding the use of modeling in healthcare epidemiology and IPC. Importantly, modeling should be viewed as complementary to conventional healthcare epidemiological approaches, and this requires collaboration and active coordination between IPC, healthcare epidemiology, and mathematical modeling groups.
Sintilimab (anti-PD-1 antibody) combined with high-dose methotrexate, temozolomide, and rituximab (anti-CD20 antibody) in primary central nervous system lymphoma: a phase 2 study
Authors: Zeng Zhiyong , Yang Apeng , Yang Jingke , Zhang Sheng , Xing Zhen , Wang Xingfu , Mei Wenzhong , Jiang Changzhen , Lin Junfang , Wu Xiyue , Xue Yihui , Wu Zanyi , Yu Lianghong , Wang Dengliang , Chen Jianwu , Zheng Shufa , Lin Qiaoxian , Chen Qingjiao , Dong Jinfeng , Zheng Xiaoqiang , Wang Jizhen , Huang Jinlong , Chen Zhenying , Chen Ping , Zheng Meihong , Zhou Xiaofang , He Youwen , Lin Yuanxiang , Chen Junmin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPrimary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and frequently fatal lymphoma subtype. The programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway has emerged as a potential therapeutic target, but the effectiveness of PD-1 antibody sintilimab in combination with immunochemotherapy as a frontline treatment for PCNSL remains to be determined. In this phase 2 trial (ChiCTR1900027433) with a safety run-in, we included patients aged 18–70 with newly diagnosed PCNSL. Participants underwent six 21-day cycles of a SMTR regimen, which includes sintilimab (200 mg, Day 0), rituximab (375 mg/m2, Day 0), methotrexate (3.0 g/m2, Day 1 or 1.0 g/m2 for patients aged ≥65 years), and temozolomide (150 mg/m2/d, Days 1–5). Among 27 evaluable patients, the overall response rate (ORR) was 96.3% (95% confidence interval: 81–99.9%), with 25 complete responses. At a median follow-up of 24.4 months, the medians for duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival were not reached. The most common grade 3–4 treatment-related toxicities were increased levels of alanine aminotransferase (17.9%) and aspartate aminotransferase (14.3%). Additionally, baseline levels of interferon-α and the IL10/IL6 ratio in cerebrospinal fluid emerged as potential predictors of PFS, achieving areas under the curve of 0.88 and 0.84, respectively, at 2 years. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a higher prevalence of RTK-RAS and PI3K pathway mutations in the durable clinical benefit group, while a greater frequency of Notch and Hippo pathway mutations in the no durable benefit group. These findings suggest the SMTR regimen is highly efficacious and tolerable for newly diagnosed PCNSL, warranting further investigation.
Impact of heteroatoms and chemical functionalisation on crystal structure and carrier mobility of organic semiconductors
Authors: Hutsch S. , Ortmann F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe substitution of heteroatoms and the functionalisation of molecules are established strategies in chemical synthesis. They target the precise tuning of the electronic properties of hydrocarbon molecules to improve their performance in various applications and increase their versatility. Modifications to the molecular structure often lead to simultaneous changes in the morphology such as different crystal structures. These changes can have a stronger and unpredictable impact on the targeted property. The complex relationships between substitution/functionalization in chemical synthesis and the resulting modifications of properties in thin films or crystals are difficult to predict and remain elusive. Here we address these effects for charge carrier transport in organic crystals by combining simulations of carrier mobilities with crystal structure prediction based on density functional theory and density functional tight binding theory. This enables the prediction of carrier mobilities based solely on the molecular structure and allows for the investigation of chemical modifications prior to synthesis and characterisation. Studying nine specific molecules with tetracene and rubrene as reference compounds along with their combined modifications of the molecular cores and additional functionalisations, we unveil systematic trends for the carrier mobilities of their polymorphs. The positive effect of phenyl groups that is responsible for the marked differences between tetracene and rubrene can be transferred to other small molecules such as NDT and NBT leading to a mobility increase by large factors of about five.
Nanoplastics rewire freshwater food webs
Authors: Ekvall Mikael T. , Stábile Franca , Hansson Lars-Anders 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe accelerating use of plastics worldwide is of societal concern, especially as plastics fragment into smaller, micro- and nano-sized particles. Of particular importance is the effects on aquatic ecosystems since a major part of the nanoplastics eventually reach natural water systems. We identify, using replicated experimental wetlands, a tipping point where nanoplastics become detrimental to the key planktonic grazer, Daphnia. Moreover, the phytoplankton diatoms were also strongly affected by nanoplastics, whereas we detected no effects on the less efficient herbivore copepods, cyanobacteria, benthic bacterial decomposition or any bottom dwelling organisms. That some organisms and ecosystem functions, but not others, are strongly affected by nanoplastic particles predicts considerable alterations in aquatic food webs and a rewiring of feeding links. In a broader context, our study provides crucial data on the effects of nanoplastics in freshwater ecosystems, constituting urgently needed understanding for risk assessment, legislation, and management of plastic material.
An hepatitis B and D virus infection model using human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes
Authors: Chi Huanting , Qu Bingqian , Prawira Angga , Richardt Talisa , Maurer Lars , Hu Jungen , Fu Rebecca M , Lempp Florian A , Zhang Zhenfeng , Grimm Dirk , Wu Xianfang , Urban Stephan , Dao Thi Viet Loan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCurrent culture systems available for studying hepatitis D virus (HDV) are suboptimal. In this study, we demonstrate that hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are fully permissive to HDV infection across various tested genotypes. When co-infected with the helper hepatitis B virus (HBV) or transduced to express the HBV envelope protein HBsAg, HLCs effectively release infectious progeny virions. We also show that HBsAg-expressing HLCs support the extracellular spread of HDV, thus providing a valuable platform for testing available anti-HDV regimens. By challenging the cells along the differentiation with HDV infection, we have identified CD63 as a potential HDV co-entry factor that was rate-limiting for HDV infection in immature hepatocytes. Given their renewable source and the potential to derive hPSCs from individual patients, we propose HLCs as a promising model for investigating HDV biology. Our findings offer new insights into HDV infection and expand the repertoire of research tools available for the development of therapeutic interventions.
Advanced Anal Carcinoma during Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: García Prado Diego , Arche Prats Jorge , Readi Vallejos Alejandro , Campaña Villegas Gonzalo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective To present a rare case of anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a young pregnant woman.
Material and Methods The information was collected based on the clinical record after obtaining the informed consent of the patient.
Results This is the case of a 34-year-old pregnant woman with stage IIIB anal SCC. She was treated with chemotherapy before delivery, followed by cesarean section and chemoradiotherapy after birth. The patient experienced complete clinical and imaging regression after treatment, but she presented early tumor regrowth requiring abdominoperineal amputation, with negative surgical margins.
Discussion The treatment of anal cancer in pregnant women is based on a multidisciplinary approach, adapting current clinical guidelines. It establishes a challenge from an ethical point of view that must consider the impact on the health of the mother and the fetus. Anal screening in carriers of cervical pathology due to papilloma virus would be a good tool for early detection.
Covid-19 Pandemic Increased the Number of Ostomies Performed in the Mid-west of Santa Catarina
Authors: Bom Fabiana Baldissera , de Souza Barbarah Zimlich , Quaresma Abel Botelho 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction Intestinal ostomy represents the externalization of the intestine to the abdominal wall.
Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients who underwent intestinal ostomy construction from 2010 to 2023 at the Hospital Universitario Santa Terezinha (HUST) in Joaçaba, Santa Catarina.
Method This is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach through access to medical records of patients undergoing intestinal ostomy surgery from 2010 to 2023. Descriptive and association analyses were performed using JASP 0.18.1 software.
Results Three hundred and seventy-one (371) patients, predominantly male (58.8%), were included in this study. At the time of surgery, the average age was 60.4 years. The younger patient was 13 years old, while the older patient was 97 years old. Most of the hospitalizations were due to neoplasms, with emphasis on colorectal neoplasia (39.6%), with a predominance of ileostomies (54.4%). A significant increase of this type of surgery (p = 0.013) was noted, coincidently with the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic.
Conclusions Males and elderly people who underwent ileostomy due to colorectal neoplasia, were predominant, most of which were permanent. There was an increase in the number of ostomy cases during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the region. Such conditions may be associated with gastrointestinal complications, with a high potential for enteral surgery under unfavorable conditions.
Uncovering the Function of MBP and Antibiotics in Preventing Surgical Site Infections during Colorectal Procedures
Authors: Shibu Agnes Sara , Raj Rojin G. , Singh Deo Rohit 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a significant concern in colorectal surgery, impacting patient outcomes and healthcare costs. Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) and antibiotic prophylaxis are widely used strategies to reduce the incidence of SSIs. However, their effectiveness and the associated risks continue to be topics of debate within the medical community. This review aims to assess the current evidence on the use of MBP and antibiotics in preventing SSIs during colorectal procedures, highlighting the benefits, controversies, and ongoing discussions in the field.
Objective This review evaluates the effectiveness and controversy surrounding the use of mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) and antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) during colorectal procedures.
Methodology The review looks at a variety of research, such as meta-analyses and trials, and examines the timing, choice of antibiotics, and various facets of MBP. Findings Prophylactic antibiotic use considerably lowers SSIs; however, resistance issues are raised. MBP works well, but there are debates over the risks involved. With continuous discussions, combined antibiotic-MBP methods are prevalent.
Conclusion the evaluation acknowledges the potential for prevention but emphasizes the need for careful use that takes patient variables into account. Optimal techniques are the subject of ongoing study, which emphasizes the dynamic nature of SSI prevention in colorectal surgery.
How to avoid sinking in swamp: exploring the intentions of digitally disadvantaged groups to use a new public infrastructure that combines physical and virtual spaces
Authors: Chu Chengxiang , Shen Zhenyang , Xu Hanyi , Wei Qizhi , Cao Cong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith advances in digital technology, physical and virtual spaces have gradually merged. For digitally disadvantaged groups, this transformation is both convenient and potentially supportive. Previous research on public infrastructure has been limited to improvements in physical facilities, and few researchers have investigated the use of mixed physical and virtual spaces. In this study, we focused on integrated virtual and physical spaces and investigated the factors affecting digitally disadvantaged groups’ intentions to use this new infrastructure. Building on a unified theory of the acceptance and use of technology, we focused on social interaction anxiety, identified the characteristics of digitally disadvantaged groups, and constructed a research model to examine intentions to use the new infrastructure. We obtained 337 valid data from the questionnaire and analysed them using partial least squares structural equation modelling. The results showed positive relationships between performance expectancy, perceived institutional support, perceived marketplace influence, effort expectancy, and facilitating conditions. The influence of psychological reactance was significantly negative. Finally, social interaction anxiety had a regulatory effect on performance expectancy, psychological reactance, perceived marketplace influence, and effort expectancy. Its effects on perceived institutional support and facilitating conditions were not significant. The results support the creation of inclusive smart cities by ensuring that the new public infrastructure is suitable for digitally disadvantaged groups. Meanwhile, this study presents new theoretical concepts of new public infrastructures, mixed physical and virtual spaces, which provides a forward-looking approach to studying digitally disadvantaged groups in this field and paves the way for subsequent scholars to explore the field in theory and literature.
Long-term prediction of multiple river water quality indexes based on hybrid deep learning models
Authors: Hu Yankun , Lyu Li , Wang Ning , Zhou Xiaolei , Fang Meng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Rivers are an important part of the natural water cycle, but they are facing serious pollution problems due to a variety of human activities. Long-term prediction of river water quality indexes (WQI) is important for the protection of river water environment. Currently, data-driven deep learning models are effective in the task of long-term prediction of WQI, especially the transformer structure-based models have achieved advanced prediction results on a variety of water quality datasets. However, the high computational complexity of transformer models and their insensitivity to anomalous data have limited the application of the models. In this study, we propose a channel independent linear transformer model that has higher prediction accuracy and computational efficiency than the transformer model. We conducted long-term predictions of two WQI, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll concentration, in the Liaohe River Basin and compared them with a variety of different advanced models. The experimental results show that our model has the best prediction results among all comparative models, and the proposed method for long-term prediction of river WQI provides effective technical support for the establishment of a river water environment monitoring system.
Variability of morphology in photoplethysmographic waveform quantified with unsupervised wave-shape manifold learning for clinical assessment
Authors: Ho Yu-Chieh , Lin Te-Sheng , Wang Shen-Chih , Chang Cheng-Hsi , Lin Yu-Ting 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective. We investigated fluctuations of the photoplethysmography (PPG) waveform in patients undergoing surgery. There is an association between the morphologic variation extracted from arterial blood pressure (ABP) signals and short-term surgical outcomes. The underlying physiology could be the numerous regulatory mechanisms on the cardiovascular system. We hypothesized that similar information might exist in PPG waveform. However, due to the principles of light absorption, the noninvasive PPG signals are more susceptible to artifacts and necessitate meticulous signal processing. Approach. Employing the unsupervised manifold learning algorithm, dynamic diffusion map, we quantified multivariate waveform morphological variations from the PPG continuous waveform signal. Additionally, we developed several data analysis techniques to mitigate PPG signal artifacts to enhance performance and subsequently validated them using real-life clinical database. Main results. Our findings show similar associations between PPG waveform during surgery and short-term surgical outcomes, consistent with the observations from ABP waveform analysis. Significance. The variation of morphology information in the PPG waveform signal in major surgery provides clinical meanings, which may offer new opportunity of PPG waveform in a wider range of biomedical applications, due to its non-invasive nature.
Robust μ-distortion constraints on primordial supermassive black holes from non-Gaussian perturbations
Authors: Byrnes Christian T. , Lesgourgues Julien , Sharma Devanshu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Explaining the origin of supermassive black holes via a primordial origin is severely challenged by the tight spectral distortion constraints on the amplitude of the primordial perturbations. Following the first calculation of how the μ constraints are modified by non-Gaussianity in a companion paper, we here make the first robust constraints on primordial black hole formation under large non-Gaussianity. Even the infinite f
NL limit is insufficiently non-Gaussian but much higher-order non-Gaussianity of the form ℛ = ℛ
G
5 may allow the formation of any mass primordial black hole without conflicting with distortion constraints. We caution that such extreme models face other challenges.
Obviating PBH overproduction for SIGWs generated by pulsar timing arrays in loop corrected EFT of bounce
Authors: Choudhury Sayantan , Ganguly Siddhant , Panda Sudhakar , SenGupta Soumitra , Tiwari Pranjal 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn order to unravel the present situation of the PBH overproduction problem, our study emphasizes the critical role played by the equation of state (EoS) parameter w within the framework of effective field theory (EFT) of non-singular bounce. Our analysis focuses on a wide range of EoS parameter values that are still optimal for explaining the latest data from the pulsar timing array (PTA). As a result of our study, the most advantageous window, 0.31 ≤w≤ 1/3, is identified as the location of a substantial PBH abundance,fPBH∈ (10-3,1) with large mass PBHs,MPBH∼𝒪(10-7–10-3)M⊙, in the SIGW interpretation of the PTA signal. When confronted with PTA, we find that the overproduction avoiding circumstances are between 1σ-2σ, while the EoS parameter lies inside the narrow window, 0.31 <w≤ 1/3. We propose a regularized-renormalized-resummed (RRR) scalar power spectrum that is large enough to produce EoS dependent scalar generated gravitational waves compatible with PTA evidence, while satisfying the perturbativity, causality, and unitarity criteria, within the range of 0.88 ≤cs≤ 1.
An analogical study of wave equations, physical quantities, conservation and reciprocity equations between electromagnetic and elastic waves
Authors: Zang 臧 Yuchen 雨宸 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an analogical study between electromagnetic and elastic wave fields, with a one-to-one correspondence principle established regarding the basic wave equations, the physical quantities and the differential operations. Using the electromagnetic-to-elastic substitution, the analogous relations of the conservation laws of energy and momentum are investigated between these two physical fields. Moreover, the energy-based and momentum-based reciprocity theorems for an elastic wave are also derived in the time-harmonic state, which describe the interaction between two elastic wave systems from the perspectives of energy and momentum, respectively. The theoretical results obtained in this analysis can not only improve our understanding of the similarities of these two linear systems, but also find potential applications in relevant fields such as medical imaging, non-destructive evaluation, acoustic microscopy, seismology and exploratory geophysics.
InGaZnO-based photoelectric synaptic devices for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Song Jieru , Meng Jialin , Wang Tianyu , Wan Changjin , Zhu Hao , Sun Qingqing , Zhang David Wei , Chen Lin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Photoelectric synaptic devices could emulate synaptic behaviors utilizing photoelectric effects and offer promising prospects with their high-speed operation and low crosstalk. In this study, we introduced a novel InGaZnO-based photoelectric memristor. Under both electrical and optical stimulation, the device successfully emulated synaptic characteristics including excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), long-term potentiation (LTP), and long-term depression (LTD). Furthermore, we demonstrated the practical application of our synaptic devices through the recognition of handwritten digits. The devices have successfully shown their ability to modulate synaptic weights effectively through light pulse stimulation, resulting in a recognition accuracy of up to 93.4%. The results illustrated the potential of IGZO-based memristors in neuromorphic computing, particularly their ability to simulate synaptic functionalities and contribute to image recognition tasks.