bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between cerebellar structure and emotional memory in depression
Authors: Xu Li‐Yan , Xu Fang‐Cheng , Liu Can , Ji Yi‐Fu , Wu Jin‐Min , Wang Ying , Wang Hai‐Bao , Yu Yong‐Qiang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundA few studies have been conducted on the relationship between cerebellar volume and emotional memory or clinical severity in major depressive disorder (MDD). In this study, we aimed to compare the volume and density of the cerebellar gray matter (GM) in patients with MDD and in healthy controls (HCs) and explore the association between these cerebellar parameters and measurements of emotional memory and clinical severity.MethodVoxel‐based morphometry (VBM) and Individual Brain Atlases using Statistical Parametric Mapping (IBASPM) were used to assess GM density and volume in the cerebellum, respectively, in patients with MDD and the HCs. Indicators of emotional memory performance were measured, including the hit rate (HR), rate of false alarm (FA), precision (Pr = HR − FA) and emotional memory enhancement [∆Pr = Pr(emotion) − Pr(neutral)] values. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores were used to measure the severity of depression.ResultsIn the patients with MDD, the GM density was decreased in three cerebellar cortical regions and increased in three cerebellar cortical regions (p < .005). The GM volumes in eight cerebellar cortical regions were significantly smaller in the patients with MDD than in the HC subjects (p < .05). In the patients with MDD, the GM volume was correlated with the ∆Pr (p < .05) in two cerebellar cortical regions. The BDI scores were significantly correlated with the relative GM densities (p < .05) in 5 cerebellar cortical regions, and the GM volumes in 13 cerebellar cortical regions were correlated with the BDI scores in patients with MDD.ConclusionsEmotional memory and the severity of depressive symptoms are associated with structural changes in both the posterior and anterior GM regions in the cerebellum in patients with MDD. These findings could be useful for improving our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying emotional memory and explaining the abnormalities of the neural correlates that are associated with MDD.
Tris–base buffer: a promising new inhibitor for cancer progression and metastasis
Authors: Ibrahim‐Hashim Arig , Abrahams Dominique , Enriquez‐Navas Pedro M. , Luddy Kim , Gatenby Robert A. , Gillies Robert J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNeutralizing tumor external acidity with oral buffers has proven effective for the prevention and inhibition of metastasis in several cancer mouse models. Solid tumors are highly acidic as a result of high glycolysis combined with an inadequate blood supply. Our prior work has shown that sodium bicarbonate, imidazole, and free‐base (but not protonated) lysine are effective in reducing tumor progression and metastasis. However, a concern in translating these results to clinic has been the presence of counter ions and their potential undesirable side effects (e.g., hypernatremia). In this work, we investigate tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, (THAM or Tris), a primary amine with no counter ion, for its effects on metastasis and progression in prostate and pancreatic cancer in vivo models using MRI and bioluminescence imaging. At an ad lib concentration of 200 mmol/L, Tris effectively inhibited metastasis in both models and furthermore led to a decrease in the expression of the major glucose transporter, GLUT‐1. Our results also showed that Tris–base buffer (pH 8.4) had no overt toxicity to C3H mice even at higher doses (400 mmol/L). In conclusion, we have developed a novel therapeutic approach to manipulate tumor extracellular pH (pHe) that could be readily adapted to a clinical trial.
Defining ethnic, national, and dual identities: Structure, antecedents, and consequences of multiple social identities of Turkish‐origin high school students in Germany
Authors: Martiny Sarah E. , Froehlich Laura , Deaux Kay , Mok Sog Yee 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe number of immigrants and children born to immigrant parents in Europe has risen steadily. Related to debates as to how best integrate immigrants, research points to the importance of investigating the structure as well as antecedents and consequences of immigrants' multiple identities. Here, we explore the relationship between three different identities endorsed by adolescent Turkish‐origin immigrants in Germany: ethnic identity (i.e., Turkish identity), national identity (i.e., German identity), and dual identity (i.e., German–Turkish identity). In two studies, Turkish‐origin adolescents in Germany (Study 1: N = 91, age: M = 15.18, SD = 0.97; Study 2: N = 95, age: M = 15.26, SD = 0.90) completed measures of multiple identities, contact with native Germans, and feelings of being integrated in Germany. Results show that adolescents' dual identity was positively related to their national identity but negatively related to their ethnic identity. Ethnic and national identities were also negatively related. Further, when Turkish‐origin students had more contact with native Germans, they felt more at home in Germany, mediated by their national and dual identity. Results are discussed in terms of the role that identity construction plays in the integration of immigrants into host societies.
Synthesis and Deprotection of Biodegradably and Thermally Protected Dinucleoside‐2′,5′‐Monophosphate Prodrug Model of 2‐5A
Authors: Kiuru Emilia , Malmikare Suvi , Ora Mikko 
Published: May 2017

Protected dinucleoside‐2′,5′‐monophosphate has been prepared to develop a prodrug strategy for 2‐5A. The removal of enzymatically and thermally labile 4‐(acetylthio)‐2‐(ethoxycarbonyl)‐3‐oxo‐2‐methylbutyl phosphate protecting group and enzymatically labile 3′‐O‐pivaloyloxymethyl group was followed at pH 7.5 and 37 °C by HPLC from the fully protected dimeric adenosine‐2′,5′‐monophosphate 1 used as a model compound for 2‐5A. The desired unprotected 2′,3′‐O‐isopropylideneadenosine‐2′,5′‐monophosphate (9) was observed to accumulate as a major product. Neither the competitive isomerization of 2′,5′‐ to a 3′,5′‐linkage nor the P–O5′ bond cleavage was detected. The phosphate protecting group was removed faster than the 3′‐O‐protection and, hence, the attack of the neighbouring 3′‐OH on phosphotriester moiety did not take place.
Heterodimerization of Group I Ribozymes Enabling Exon Recombination through Pairs of Cooperative trans‐Splicing Reactions
Authors: Tanaka Takahiro , Hirata Yusuke , Tominaga Yuto , Furuta Hiroyuki , Matsumura Shigeyoshi , Ikawa Yoshiya 
Published: May 2017

AbstractGroup I (GI) self‐splicing ribozymes are attractive tools for biotechnology and synthetic biology. Several trans‐splicing and related reactions based on GI ribozymes have been developed for the purpose of recombining their target mRNA sequences. By combining trans‐splicing systems with rational modular engineering of GI ribozymes it was possible to achieve more complex editing of target RNA sequences. In this study we have developed a cooperative trans‐splicing system through rational modular engineering with use of dimeric GI ribozymes derived from the Tetrahymena group I intron ribozyme. The resulting pairs of ribozymes exhibited catalytic activity depending on their selective dimerization. Rational modular redesign as performed in this study would facilitate the development of sophisticated regulation of double or multiple trans‐splicing reactions in a cooperative manner.
Biocatalytic Potential of Enzymes Involved in the Biosynthesis of Isoprenoid Quinones
Authors: Aleku Godwin A. , Nowicka Beatrycze , Turner Nicholas J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNaturally occurring isoprenoid quinones mediate electron transfer in respiratory or photosynthetic chains of living organisms. Tremendous progress has been made in the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways of prenylated quinones and a number of enzymes that catalyze specific transformation steps with remarkably high regio‐ and stereoselectivity have been characterized. Interestingly, some of these enzymes possess broad substrate scope towards synthetic analogues, thereby enabling their application as synthetic tools. The availability of mechanistic, structural and mutagenesis information for many of the pathway enzymes presents opportunities for protein engineering, a powerful approach that may improve the suitability of these biocatalysts for industrial processes.
Two‐Step Fabrication of Li4Ti5O12‐Coated Carbon Nanofibers as a Flexible Film Electrode for High‐Power Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Zhaobao , Deng Xiang , Sunarso Jaka , Cai Rui , Chu Shiyong , Miao Jie , Zhou Wei , Shao Zongping 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA self‐standing nonwoven flexible Li4Ti5O12/carbon nanofiber composite (denoted LTO/CNF) was synthesized by using a facile method involving the electrospinning fabrication of CNFs and chemical deposition of LTO over the CNF surface. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses show that the LTO/CNF film is composed of 50±20 nm diameter LTO polycrystalline particles distributed over 300±50 nm diameter CNF nanofibers. The nitrogen sorption isotherm further reveals the existence of mesopores in the LTO/CNF film. The as‐prepared LTO/CNF composite exhibits attractive rate capability for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), delivering initial specific capacities of 158, 153, 146, 138, 131, 122, and 109 mA h g−1 at rates of 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 C, respectively, and a very stable cycling performance during 500 charge and discharge cycles at 20 C, which superior to electrodes made of commercial coarse‐type LTO anodes. In addition, the electrochemical impedance is effectively reduced by fabricating the unique electrode architecture, which originates from the improved 3D conducting network and the nanocrystalline size of the LTO active phase. Electrospinning of CNFs and chemical deposition of a nanocrystalline LTO phase proves to be an effective and facile method to develop anodes for flexible LIBs with a wide range of potential applications.
Determination of Controlled Self‐Assembly of a Paracrystalline Material by Homology Modelling with Hybrid NMR and TEM
Authors: Thomas Brijith , Rombouts Jeroen , Gupta Karthick Babu Sai Sankar , Orru Romano V. A. , Lammertsma Koop , de Groot Huub J. M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractControlling complexity, flexibility, and functionality of synthetic and biomimetic materials requires insight into how molecular functionalities can be exploited for steering their packing. A fused NDI‐salphen (NDI=naphthalene diimide) prototypic artificial photosynthesis material, DATZnS, is shown to be comprised of a phenazine motif, in which the alignment of electric dipole moments in a P2/c supramolecular scaffold can be modulated with bulky substituents. They can also be switched between parallel stacks of dipoles running antiparallel in the DATZnS‐H compared with parallel stacks of dipoles in polar layers running in opposite directions in the DATZnS(3′‐NMe) parent compound. Spatial correlations obtained from HETCOR spectra, collected with a long cross polarization contact time of 2 ms, reveal an antiparallel stacking for the DATZnS‐H homologue. These constraints and limited data from TEM are used to construct a structural model within the P2/c space group determined by the molecular C2 symmetry. By using homology modelling, a pseudo octahedral coordination of the Zn is shown to follow the packing‐induced chirality with enantiomeric pairs of the Λ and Δ forms alternating along antiparallel stacks. The model helps to understand how the steric hindrance modulates the self‐assembly in this novel class of fused materials by steric hindrance at the molecular level.
A Coordination Network with Ligand‐Centered Redox Activity Based on facial‐[CrIII(2‐mercaptophenolato)3]3− Metalloligands
Authors: Wakizaka Masanori , Matsumoto Takeshi , Kobayashi Atsushi , Kato Masako , Chang Ho‐Chol 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe design of redox‐active metal–organic frameworks and coordination networks (CNs), which exhibit metal‐ and/or ligand‐centered redox activity, has recently received increased attention. In this study, the redox‐active metalloligand (RML) [Me4N]3fac‐[CrIII(mp)3] (1) (mp=2‐mercaptophenolato) was synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, and its reversible ligand‐centered one‐electron oxidation was examined by cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical measurements. Since complex 1 contains O/S coordination sites in three directions, complexation with K+ ions led to the formation of the two‐dimensional honeycomb sheet‐structured [K3fac‐{CrIII(mp)3}(H2O)6]n (2⋅6 H2O), which is the first example of a redox‐active CN constructed from a RML with o‐disubstituted benzene ligands. Herein, we unambiguously demonstrate the ligand‐centered redox activity of the RML within the CN 2⋅6 H2O in the solid state.
Ionic Liquid Mediated Synthesis of Lath Shaped CuO Micro‐Assembles as Extremely Stable Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Man , Ma Ruguang , Liu Ying , Chung C.Y. , Deng Yonghong , Lu Zhouguang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA novel lath‐shaped CuO microassemble consisting of well‐crystalized ultrafine nanocrystals was prepared by an ionothermal method with the assistance of ionic liquids (ILs, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate). As anode material of lithium ion batteries, the ILs‐CuO exhibits high specific capacity, durability and good rate performance, superior to bare CuO. At a high current density of 1000 mA•g−1, after 100 cycles, ILs‐CuO still retains a discharge capacity of 483.2 mAh•g−1. The improved electrochemical performances could be ascribed to the unique microscale lath‐shape CuO assembles composed of ultrafine nanostructure.
Multivariate Gaussian subspatial regression applied to predict the effect of phosphate crystallization aging on the color in silicious conglomerates
Authors: Vicente‐Palacios Victor , Iñigo Adolo Carlos , García‐Talegón Jacinta 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA new methodology has been applied to the experimental data obtained about a white siliceous conglomerate from Zamora (Spain), which was subjected to 25 cycles of 2 types of aging [freezing/thawing with cooling/heating (T1) and freezing/thawing with cooling/heating + phosphate crystallization (T2)]. Our model (multivariate Gaussian subspatial regression) allows the behavior and prediction of the chromatic coordinates (L*,a*,b*), including more than 25 cycles, to be analyzed. This model is much more flexible than classical models as it allows multiple variable combinations to be predicted in a dynamic way. The final result showed that the conglomerate experiences darkening, yellowing, and reddening, as the number of cycles increase and that the darkening is much less pronounced in T2 due to phosphate crystallization.
Modulating the Kinetics of Nanoparticle Adsorption for Simple and High‐Yield Fabrication of Plasmonic Heterostructures as SERS Substrates
Authors: Pekdemir Sami , Karabel Sema , Kiremitler N. Burak , Liu Xiaoying , Nealey Paul F. , Onses M. Serdar 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis work reports scalable, low‐cost, and simple fabrication of plasmonic heterostructures consisting of gold nanoparticles (NPs) of different sizes to generate intense hot‐pots over large areas to serve as substrates for molecular sensing in SERS applications. Our approach involves assembly of massively‐available colloidal gold NPs on substrates functionalized with end‐grafted poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) brushes without need for any sophisticated tools and post‐modification of the particles and substrates. From real‐time monitoring of the adsorption process by using a quartz crystal microbalance, we identified that the cyclic deposition of citrate‐stabilized gold NPs on PEG brushes is an effective approach to modulate the kinetics of particle adsorption and greatly improves the surface coverage leading to reduced inter‐particle distances. Cyclic deposition of NPs differing in size leads to placement of the small particles in close proximity of the large ones, yielding hot‐spots as a consequence of the unique type of interaction between PEG chains and gold NPs. Assembly of heterostructures (60 nm+40 nm and 60 nm+20 nm) at optimized conditions resulted in strong SERS effects with enhancement factors as high as ≈2.0×106 and enabled detection of rhodamine 6G molecules in concentrations as low as 1 nm. The cyclic deposition of NPs also results in increase of the water contact angle without need for any post‐modification of the substrate, resulting in ≈30 fold increase in the Raman intensity of aqueous molecules. The insights gained on the adsorption of gold NPs together with the simplicity of the presented approach show great promise for surface assembly of colloidal NPs for a broad range of applications.
Toward Hyperpolarized 19F Molecular Imaging via Reversible Exchange with Parahydrogen
Authors: Shchepin Roman V. , Goodson Boyd M. , Theis Thomas , Warren Warren S. , Chekmenev Eduard Y. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFluorine‐19 has high NMR detection sensitivity—similar to that of protons—owing to its large gyromagnetic ratio and high natural abundance (100 %). Unlike protons, however, fluorine‐19 (19F) has a negligible occurrence in biological objects, as well as a more sensitive chemical shift. As a result, in vivo 19F NMR spectroscopy and MR imaging offer advantages of negligible background signal and sensitive reporting of the local molecular environment. Here we report on NMR hyperpolarization of 19F nuclei using reversible exchange reactions with parahydrogen gas as the source of nuclear spin order. NMR signals of 3‐fluoropyridine were enhanced by ≈100 fold, corresponding to 0.3 % 19F nuclear spin polarization (at 9.4 T), using about 50 % parahydrogen. While future optimization efforts will likely significantly increase the hyperpolarization levels, we already demonstrate the utility of 19F hyperpolarization for high‐resolution hyperpolarized 19F imaging and hyperpolarized 19F pH sensing.
Ionic Liquid/Metal–Organic Framework Composites: From Synthesis to Applications
Authors: Kinik Fatma Pelin , Uzun Alper , Keskin Seda 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely studied for different applications owing to their fascinating properties such as large surface areas, high porosities, tunable pore sizes, and acceptable thermal and chemical stabilities. Ionic liquids (ILs) have been recently incorporated into the pores of MOFs as cavity occupants to change the physicochemical properties and gas affinities of MOFs. Several recent studies have shown that IL/MOF composites show superior performances compared with pristine MOFs in various fields, such as gas storage, adsorption and membrane‐based gas separation, catalysis, and ionic conductivity. In this review, we address the recent advances in syntheses of IL/MOF composites and provide a comprehensive overview of their applications. Opportunities and challenges of using IL/MOF composites in many applications are reviewed and the requirements for the utilization of these composite materials in real industrial processes are discussed to define the future directions in this field.
An efficient two‐party authentication key exchange protocol for mobile environment
Authors: Qi Mingping , Chen Jianhua 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThe primary goal of this research is to ensure secure communications by client‐server architectures in mobile environment. Although various two‐party authentication key exchange protocols are proposed and claimed to be resistant to a variety of attacks, studies have shown that various loopholes exist in these protocols. What's more, many two‐party authentication key exchange protocols use timestamp to prevent the replay attack and transmit the user's identity in plaintext form. Obviously, these methods will lead to the clock synchronization problem and user's anonymity problem. Fortunately, the three‐way challenged‐response handshake technique and masking user's original identity with a secret hash value used in our study address these problems well. Of course, the proposed protocol based on elliptic curve cryptography supports flawless mutual authentication of participants, agreement of session key, impersonation attack resistance, replay attack resistance, and prefect forward secrecy, as well. The analyses in the aspects of efficiency and security show that the proposed protocol is a better choice for mobile users.
Considerations for application‐layer multipath transport control
Authors: Zhang Wei , Lei Weimin , Guan Yunchong , Li Guangye , Yang Lei 
Published: May 2017

SummaryMultipath transport faces a lot of challenges caused by path diversity, network dynamics, and service diversity. An effective end‐to‐end multipath transport control mechanism becomes essential to efficiently utilize multiple paths. On the base of the general framework of multipath transport system based on application‐level relay proposed in our previous work, this paper presents a multipath transport control mechanism supporting various applications with different transmission requirements. We propose a multipath transport protocol suite, which is extensible and suitable for various applications, and a multipath transport control model in which an application‐dependent splitting granularity named flow block is introduced. Two load distribution models are explored: the earliest idle path first load distribution for reliable data transmission to maximize the data throughput and the packet reordering‐controlled load distribution for real‐time data transmission to minimize the packet reordering thereby reducing end‐to‐end delay and packet loss rate of multipath transport. Simulation results show that the proposed models can effectively improve data throughput for applications with reliable transmission requirements and reduce the total packet loss rate of the destination for applications with real‐time transmission requirements.
Post‐fire hydrological response and suspended sediment transport of a terraced Mediterranean catchment
Authors: García‐Comendador Julián , Fortesa Josep , Calsamiglia Aleix , Calvo‐Cases Adolfo , Estrany Joan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn July 2013, a wildfire severely affected the western part of the island of Mallorca (Spain). During the first three post‐fire hydrological years, when the window of disturbance tends to be more open, the hydrological and sediment delivery processes and dynamics were assessed in a representative catchment intensively shaped by terracing that covered 37% of its surface area. A nested approach was applied with two gauging stations (covering 1.2 km2 and 4.8 km2) built in September 2013 that took continuous measurements of rainfall, water and sediment yield. Average suspended sediment concentration (1503 mg L−1) and the maximum peak (33 618 mg L−1) were two orders of magnitude higher than those obtained in non‐burned terraced catchments of Mallorca. This factor may be related to changes in soils and the massive incorporation of ash into the suspended sediment flux during the most extreme post‐fire event; 50 mm of rainfall in 15 min, reaching an erosivity of 2886 MJ mm ha−1 h−1. Moreover, hysteretic counter‐clockwise loops were predominant (60%), probably related to the increased sensitivity of the landscape after wildfire perturbation. Though the study period was average in terms of total annual precipitation (even higher in intensities), minimal runoff (2%) and low sediment yield (6.3 t km−2 y−1) illustrated how the intrinsic characteristics of the catchment, i.e. calcareous soils, terraces and the application of post‐fire measures, limited the hydrosedimentary response despite the wildfire impact. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.