bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Total Etching Dentin Bonding with Subpressure
Authors: Zhuge Rui-Shen , Tian Yue-Ming , Zhang Zu-Tai , Ding Ning , Li Yong-Mei , Zheng Dong-Xiang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of subpressure on the bond properties of total-etching adhesive to dentin. Thirty-six caries-free premolars were sectioned parallel to the occlusal plane and randomly divided into four groups (n = 9): a control group (C, no treatment) and three subpressure groups, which were treated under 0.8, 0.6 or 0.4 bar after applying adhesives, named S8, S6 and S4, respectively. Afterward, resin was bonded to the dentin surface, and 27 beams (1.0 mm × 1.0 mm) of each group were sectioned. One was selected to observe the bonding interface from each group by SEM. Each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 13): 24 hours of water storage (I) and 10,000 thermocycling (A). The microtensile bond strength (μTBS), failure modes and nanoleakage expression were evaluated. SEM results showed that the subpressure groups had longer and denser resin tags. The μTBS of the subpressure groups was higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). The subpressure groups were dominated by mixed failure, whereas main interfacial failure appeared in group C. The subpressure groups showed less silver deposition than the control group (p < 0.05). The subpressure technique may remarkably improve bonding strength and decrease nanoleakage on total-etching bonding.
Bandwidth broadening of a linear polarization converter by near-field metasurface coupling
Authors: Gao Xi , Singh Leena , Yang Wanli , Zheng Jingjing , Li Haiou , Zhang Weili 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe experimentally demonstrate a highly efficient, broadband linear polarization converter functioning at terahertz frequencies. The linear polarization converter is composed of three metasurfaces and two dielectric layers interlaced with each other. The neighboring unit cells of the central metasurface layer of the linear polarization converter exhibit strong electromagnetic coupling, which increases the number of resonances and results in significant bandwidth broadening. The simulation and experimental results show that in the frequency range of 0.2 to 0.4 THz, the proposed polarization converter has a flat transmission curve and exhibits a transmission efficiency that is higher than 80%. High performance terahertz polarization conversion is desirable in many fields, such as terahertz spectroscopy, imaging, and communications.
1H NMR-based Investigation of Metabolic Response to Electro-Acupuncture Stimulation
Authors: Lin Caigui , Wei Zhiliang , Cheng Kian-Kai , Xu Jingjing , Shen Guiping , She Chang , Zhong Huan , Chang Xiaorong , Dong Jiyang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAcupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine therapy that has been found useful for treating various diseases. The treatments involve the insertion of fine needles at acupoints along specific meridians (meridian specificity). This study aims to investigate the metabolic basis of meridian specificity using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR)-based metabolomics. Electro-acupuncture (EA) stimulations were performed at acupoints of either Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming (SMFY) or Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang (GMFS) in healthy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. 1H-NMR spectra datasets of serum, urine, cortex, and stomach tissue extracts from the rats were analysed by multivariate statistical analysis to investigate metabolic perturbations due to EA treatments at different meridians. EA treatment on either the SMFY or GMFS acupoints induced significant variations in 31 metabolites, e.g., amino acids, organic acids, choline esters and glucose. Moreover, a few meridian-specific metabolic changes were found for EA stimulations on the SMFY or GMFS acupoints. Our study demonstrated significant metabolic differences in response to EA stimulations on acupoints of SMFY and GMFS meridians. These results validate the hypothesis that meridian specificity in acupuncture is detectable in the metabolome and demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of a metabolomics approach in understanding the mechanism of acupuncture.
Genetics reveal the identity and origin of the lionfish invasion in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Bariche Michel , Kleitou Periklis , Kalogirou Stefanos , Bernardi Giacomo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFollowing aquarium releases, invasive lionfishes have colonized large areas of the Caribbean and western Atlantic, resulting in an immense ecological damage. The early stages of that invasion are poorly known. Indeed, a lag of time between the introduction and detection often preclude genetic characterization of that crucial phase. With elevated awareness, the recent invasion of Pterois miles was quickly detected in the Mediterranean Sea. We hereby show that the very first individuals establishing populations in the Mediterranean Sea display haplotypes that nest within the large genetic diversity of Red Sea individuals, thus indicating an invasion via the Suez Canal. We also show that only two haplotypes are detected in the Mediterranean Sea, suggesting that few individuals may have been involved in the invasion. Thus, we conclude that the Mediterranean invasion is the result of a movement of individuals from the Red Sea, rather than from other means, and that low genetic diversity does not seem to have a negative effect on the success and spread of lionfish into the Mediterranean Sea.
Enhanced treatment of dispersed dye-production wastewater by self-assembled organobentonite in a one-step process with poly-aluminium chloride
Authors: Liu Yao , Zhu Lizhong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractOrganobentonite has been successfully applied in industrial wastewater treatment. However, the solid-liquid separation in wastewater treatment still needs improvement. This study presents an enhanced approach with high removal efficiency and short separation time for dispersed dye-production wastewater using self-assembled organobentonite in a one-step process with poly-aluminium chloride (PAC). The enhanced effects of PAC on wastewater treatment by organobentonite were comprehensively evaluated. Following the primary decontamination by the self-assembled organobentonite, the removal efficiency for dispersed dye-production wastewater was strengthened with PAC coagulation. The removal rates of TOC and organic pollutants were 55.0% and 63.5%, respectively, with the PAC-enhanced approach and were 1.3- and 1.6-fold higher, respectively, than those with the self-assembled organobentonite approach. The combination of PAC with self-assembled organobentonite was able to break the stability of the organobentonite suspension and enlarge the floc size, and thus reduce the solid-liquid separation time from 30 min to 10 min. Additionally, this enhanced approach could improve the biodegradability of wastewater with the BOD5/CODCr ratio increasing from 0.22 to 0.39, which was 4.1-fold higher than that of only organobentonite in a one-step process. Therefore, the PAC-enhanced approach could be a promising technology for wastewater pretreatment in practical industrial applications.
Usefulness of Different Pathological Scores to Assess Healing of the Mucosa in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Real Life Study
Authors: Villanacci Vincenzo , Antonelli Elisabetta , Lanzarotto Francesco , Bozzola Anna , Cadei Moris , Bassotti Gabrio 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe concept of remission for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases has recently evolved, and should also include histological healing of the mucosa, difficult to evaluate since there is no agreement on pathological scores and those available are quite complex to use in the daily routine. We evaluated the possible usefulness of a simplified pathological score to assess histological healing of the mucosa in inflammatory bowel diseases patients compared with four commonly proposed pathological scores. Slides from 24 patients (12 Crohn’s disease, 12 ulcerative colitis, age range 24–62 years), pre- and post-treatment with biological agents and displaying endoscopic remission were assessed by two pathologists. Pre- and post-treatment results and the time employed to calculate the various scores were obtained. All scores were useful to document highly significant post-treatment decreases of histological activity. However, the simplified score needed significant less time to be calculated for each slide, had high inter-rater agreement, and avoided subjectivity from the pathologists. The simplified score is easy to calculate and seems apt to document histological healing of the mucosa, in a manner similar to the more complex scores. It remains to be established whether this score could simplify the daily routinary practice in this context.
Perfluoroalkyl substances in human bone: concentrations in bones and effects on bone cell differentiation
Authors: Koskela A. , Koponen J. , Lehenkari P. , Viluksela M. , Korkalainen M. , Tuukkanen J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPerfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), including two most commonly studied compounds perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), are widely distributed environmental pollutants, used extensively earlier. Due to their toxicological effects the use of PFAS is now regulated. Based on earlier studies on PFOA’s distribution in bone and bone marrow in mice, we investigated PFAS levels and their possible link to bone microarchitecture of human femoral bone samples (n = 18). Soft tissue and bone biopsies were also taken from a 49-year old female cadaver for PFAS analyses. We also studied how PFOA exposure affects differentiation of human osteoblasts and osteoclasts. PFAS were detectable from all dry bone and bone marrow samples, PFOS and PFOA being the most prominent. In cadaver biopsies, lungs and liver contained the highest concentrations of PFAS, whereas PFAS were absent in bone marrow. Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) was present in the bones, PFOA and PFOS were absent. In vitro results showed no disturbance in osteogenic differentiation after PFOA exposure, but in osteoclasts, lower concentrations led to increased resorption, which eventually dropped to zero after increase in PFOA concentration. In conclusion, PFAS are present in bone and have the potential to affect human bone cells partly at environmentally relevant concentrations.
Key Word Signing Usage of Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Influence of Communication Partners' Sign Usage and Responsivity
Authors: Rombouts Ellen , Maes Bea , Zink Inge 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
In services for adults with intellectual disabilities, various staff members may have different key word signing (KWS) skills and conversational style. Little is known about how these clients use KWS with different staff members. Therefore, we observed staff–client conversations and examined how clients' KWS usage was shaped by staff members' KWS usage and conversational style.

Method

Three 10-min dyadic conversations between an adult with moderate or severe intellectual disabilities (
N
= 15) and three familiar staff members were filmed and transcribed. The KWS usage and conversational responsivity in the transcriptions was analyzed at group (using generalized estimating equations), subgroup, and individual levels.

Results
Clients appeared to produce significantly more KWS as partners imitated more signs and as partners were more responsive. There was a negative interaction between these two factors. Subgroup analyses showed that spontaneity of clients' KWS usage was a continuum.

Conclusion
Findings suggest that staff can encourage clients' KWS usage by imitating manual signs but that clients' response efficiency should also be taken into account.
Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Unconscious Patients due to Diffuse Axonal Injury and Its Prognostic Value
Authors: Purohit Devendra , Sinha Virendra , Karthikeyan Y. 
Published: July 2017

Aim To study the long-term prognostic value of early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in unconscious patients with traumatic brain injury with findings of NCCT of the brain suggestive of diffuse axonal injury (DAI).
Background Studies addressing the correlation of MRI with the pattern and duration of loss of consciousness due to DAI are few. The utility of MRI in predicting the functional outcome has not been reported in the Indian population.
Materials and Methods In patients with DAI, MRI sequences including T1, T2*GRE (gradient recall echo), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) were obtained. Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) scores were documented at admission, on discharge, and at 3 months.
Results A total of 54 patients (53 males, 1 female) were included in the study. The mean age was 27 ± 11.7 years. The mean GCS score on admission and at follow-up were 9.14 ± 2.3 and 11.7 ± 2.3, respectively. The mean GOS score on discharge and at 3 months were 2.6 ± 0.8 and 3.18 ± 1.02, respectively. SWI sequence detected maximum number of lesions followed by GRE and DWI. Patients with lesions in brainstem and basal ganglia were found to have a less favorable outcome as assessed by GCS and GOS at 3 months. There was no correlation between the total lesion load and outcome at 3 months.
Conclusion In patients with DAI, SWI was found to be the most sensitive MRI sequence detecting maximum number of lesions. Patients with lesions in the brainstem and basal ganglia appear to have longer duration of unconsciousness and poorer outcome at 3 months.
Bilateral Chronic Subdural Hematoma and Blindness: Bilateral Infarction to the Posterior Cerebral Artery following Evacuation of Bilateral Chronic Subdural Hematoma — A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Adimoolam Sendilkumar , Shunmugam Syamala , Balasubramanian Sneha Chitra 
Published: July 2017

Objective The authors report a rare scenario in which evacuation of bilateral chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) was followed by bilateral PCA infarction and blindness. A literature review was also conducted, which revealed only four cases of blindness after CSDH evacuation.
Methods A 45-year-old man was admitted with the chief complaint of holocranial headache for 2 months with past history of head trauma. Clinical examination was normal. CT and MRI scanning showed bilateral frontotemperoparietal CSDH without midline shift and parenchymal and vascular abnormality. Bilateral frontal and parietal burr holes and evacuation of CSDH was done.
Results The patient developed progressive blindness in both the eyes in the postoperative period. MRI revealed bilateral PCA infarction.
Discussion Bilateral PCA infarction following bilateral CSDH evacuation is an extremely rare entity. Only four case of blindness following CSDH evacuation have been reported so far, and all the patients suffered permanent visual loss. The exact etiopathogenesis and mechanism of this rare complication remain unknown.
Conclusion Bilateral CSDH is a separate entity with altered pathophysiology and deranged cerebral autoregulation. The authors conclude that Bilateral CSDH may be sentinel tags for bilateral PCA infarction secondary to altered hemodynamics in the posterior circulation, and hence, needs to be evaluated and treated with greater diligence.
Outcomes after Arthroscopic Debridement of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex in Adolescents
Authors: Schüller Marion , Ganger Rudolf , Girsch Werner , Farr Sebastian 
Published: July 2017

Background To the best of our knowledge, we are not aware of any reports focusing on results of arthroscopic debridement of triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears in immature patients.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate our results after arthroscopic debridement of TFCC tears in adolescents.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively identified all patients of 18 years or less, who received an arthroscopic TFCC debridement due to a traumatic or degenerative tear according to Palmer. These cases were clinically re-evaluated after a mean period of 6.7 years (SD ± 3.9 years). All patients completed the Modified Mayo Wrist Score (MMWS), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) inventory, and Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE).
Results Thirteen adolescent patients (mean age: 15.6 ± 2.2 years at surgery) were included. The mean MMWS increased significantly from 70 ± 13.6 to 90 ± 6.5 after the TFCC debridement; mean postoperative DASH and PRWE scores of 17 ± 15.2 and 21 ± 18.5, respectively, indicated good and excellent outcomes for the majority of the cohort. The mean pain level decreased significantly from a mean of 5.7 ± 2.0 to 1.8 ± 2.0 at follow-up. Six patients needed a reoperation to achieve a successful outcome.
Conclusion Arthroscopic debridement of TFCC tears, performed as a concomitant wrist surgery in adolescents, efficiently reduced wrist pain and yielded good to excellent results in the long term. However, under certain circumstances, its results are unpredictable and further surgery may be necessary to eventually achieve the satisfying outcomes. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Level of Evidence Level IV, therapeutic case series.
Increased Neonatal Respiratory Morbidity Associated with Gestational and Pregestational Diabetes: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Kawakita T. , Bowers K. , Hazrati S. , Zhang C. , Grewal J. , Chen Z. , Sun L. , Grantz K. 
Published: July 2017

Objective To examine the risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity associated with gestational and pregestational diabetes, accounting for the prematurity-associated risk using a propensity score analysis.
Study design In a retrospective study including 222,978 singleton pregnancies, delivering at 240/7 to 416/7 weeks (2002–2008), we calculated a probability to deliver at term (≥37 weeks of gestation). Outcomes were stratified by the probability to deliver at term (>0.8 and ≤0.8). Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated.
Results Gestational and pregestational diabetes complicated 5.1 and 1.5% of pregnancies, respectively, and were associated with increased risks of neonatal respiratory morbidity compared with women without diabetes regardless of probability to deliver at term. However, these risks tended to be higher with a higher probability to deliver at term: respiratory distress syndrome (aOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.3–1.7 and aOR: 3.1; 95% CI: 2.6–3.7); transient tachypnea of newborn (aOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.3–1.6 and aOR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.9–2.6); and apnea (aOR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2–1.7 and aOR: 3.2; 95% CI: 2.6–3.9, for gestational and pregestational at term, respectively).
Conclusion Diabetes was associated with increased risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity beyond what can be attributed to prematurity. Neonatal respiratory morbidities were increased with pregestational diabetes compared with gestational diabetes.
Results of Arthroscopic Synovectomy for Treatment of Synovial Lipomatosis (Lipoma Arborescens) of the Knee
Authors: Malkoc Melih , Korkmaz Özgur 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSynovial lipomatosis (SL; lipoma arborescens) is a tumor-like condition with villous proliferation of the synovium. The exact etiology of SL is still unknown. The knee is the most commonly involved part. The goal of this retrospective study was to report the results of arthroscopic synovectomy in patients with SL in their knee joints as well as to emphasize the importance of considering this pathology when treating patients with recurrent knee joint effusions. In total, 21 patients (8 females and 13 males) were evaluated retrospectively from May 2009 to July 2014. The mean follow-up period was 29.13 (range, 12–61) months. The mean duration of compliance was 22.76 (range, 7–61) months. All patients were evaluated by Knee Society score pre- and postoperatively. The mean preoperative and last follow-up Knee Society scores were 67.82 and 88.23 points, respectively. There was a significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative Knee Society scores (p = 0.0001). Histopathological examinations showed that the subsynovial layer exhibited diffuse replacement by mature fat cells that had formed villous projections. In addition, infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells was observed at different stages. SL is a nondestructive and benign tumor pathology of the knee joint without a clearly identified etiology. The main difficulty in diagnosis is lack of clinical practice.
Association between Patient History and Physical Examination and Osteoarthritis after Ankle Sprain
Authors: van Ochten John , de Vries Anja , van Putte Nienke , Oei Edwin , Bindels Patrick , Bierma-Zeinstra Sita , van Middelkoop Marienke 
Published: July 2017

AbstractStructural abnormalities on MRI are frequent after an ankle sprain. To determine the association between patient history, physical examination and early osteoarthritis (OA) in patients after a previous ankle sprain, 98 patients with persistent complaints were selected from a cross-sectional study. Patient history taking and physical examination were applied and MRI was taken. Univariate and multivariable analyses were used to test possible associations. Signs of OA (cartilage loss, osteophytes and bone marrow edema) were seen in the talocrural joint (TCJ) in 40% and the talonavicular joint (TNJ) in 49%. Multivariable analysis showed a significant positive association between swelling (OR 3.58, 95%CI 1.13;11.4), a difference in ROM of passive plantar flexion (OR 1.09, 95%CI 1.01;1.18) and bone edema in the TCJ. A difference in ROM of passive plantar flexion (OR 1.07, 95%CI 1.00;1.15) and pain at the end range of dorsiflexion/plantar flexion (OR 5.23, 95%CI 1.88;14.58) were associated with osteophytes in the TNJ. Pain at the end of dorsiflexion/plantar flexion, a difference in ROM of passive plantar flexion and swelling seem to be associated with features of OA (bone marrow edema, osteophytes) in the TCJ and TNJ. Our findings may guide physicians to predict structural joint abnormalities as signs of osteoarthritis.Level of evidence: 1b
Wahrnehmung des Verteilungssystems in der Lebertransplantation aus dem Blickwinkel unterschiedlicher Interessengruppen
Authors: Englschalk Christine , Guba Markus 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDas Transplantationsgesetz (TPG) als Rechtsgrundlage für das Verteilungssystem in der Lebertransplantation in Deutschland wird durch Richtlinien der Bundesärztekammer (BÄK) konkretisiert. In diesen Richtlinien wird der Stand der Erkenntnisse der medizinischen Wissenschaft festgestellt. Das Verfahren für die Richtlinienerarbeitung ist nun formalisiert und transparent gestaltet worden.Die Umfrage mit 502 Teilnehmern beleuchtet 4 aktuelle Aspekte des Verteilungssystems aus dem Blickwinkel unterschiedlicher Interessengruppen (medizinisches Personal, Patienten auf der Warteliste Leber oder nach einer Lebertransplantation, Medizinstudenten und nicht medizinische Universitätsmitarbeiter und Studenten). Eine große Mehrheit der Befragten empfand das gegenwärtige Verteilungssystem für Spenderorgane als gerecht. Ärzten wurde ein großes Mitspracherecht hinsichtlich der Allokationsregeln eingeräumt. Die Chancen eines Patienten auf der Warteliste, rechtzeitig ein Spenderorgan zu erhalten, wurden schlechter eingeschätzt als sie tatsächlich sind. Die 6-monatige Alkoholabstinenz vor Aufnahme auf die Warteliste Leber bei alkoholbedingter Leberzirrhose stieß auf große Zustimmung bei den Befragten. Die Ergebnisse der Umfrage legen nahe, dass Vertrauen in die Ärzte bezüglich der Schaffung gerechter Allokationsregeln besteht und lassen auf eine breite Zustimmung zu dem aktuellen Verteilungssystem in der Lebertransplantation schließen.