bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atherosclerotic and Thrombophilic Risk Factors in Patients with Recurrent Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Sodi A. , Giambene B. , Marcucci R. , Sofi F , Bolli P. , Abbate R. , Prisco D. , Menchini U. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Atherosclerotic and thrombophilic risk factors may be causes of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the aforesaid risk factors in patients with recurrent CRVOs and patients with a single episode of CRVO. Methods Seventeen patients with recurrent CRVO and 30 with a single episode of CRVO were enrolled. The atherosclerotic risk factors investigated were hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and dyslipidemia. Specific laboratory tests for the following thrombophilic markers were performed: homocystinemia (Hcy), lipoprotein (a), factor VIII, factor II G20210A and factor V G1691A polymorphisms, lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and deficit of vitamins B6, B12, and folic acid. A multivariate analysis, adjusted for age, gender, traditional and thrombophilic risk factors, was performed. Statistical significance was set at pp≤0.05. Results Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, fasting, and postmethionine hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) were more prevalent in recurrent CRVO patients (pp<0.001, pp<0.001, p=0.006, and p=0.005, respectively). At multivariate analysis, hypercholesterolemia (OR: 5.04, 95% CI 1.39–18.17; p=0.025), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 5.60, 95% CI 1.52–20.61; p=0.017), fasting HHcy (OR: 5.77, 95% CI 1.39–23.89; p=0.028), and postmethionine HHcy (OR: 10.88, 95% CI 2.50–47.42; p=0.002) were found to be significantly associated with recurrent CRVO. Conclusions Dyslipidemia and hyperhomocysteinemia are independent risk factors for the occurrence of recurrent CRVO. A complete assessment of atherosclerotic and thrombophilic risk factors is recommended in CRVO patients. In addition, the need for a specific treatment is suggested.
Correlation of Visual Function Impairment and Oct Findings in Patients with Stargardt Disease and Fundus Flavimaculatus
Authors: Querques G. , Prato R. , Iaculli C. , Voigt M. , Delle Noci N. , Coscas G. , Soubrane G. , Souied E.H. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To investigate the relationship between morphologic lesions of the retina and functional abnormalities in patients with Stargardt disease (STGD) and fundus flavimaculatus (FFM). DESIGN. Case-controlled, prospective, comparative observational study. Methods A complete ophthalmologic examination, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), was performed in 61 eyes of 32 consecutive patients with STGD/FFM and in 60 eyes of 30 matched healthy control subjects. Furthermore, fundus-related perimetry was performed in 12 of the affected eyes. Results The age ranged from 21 to 71 years in STGD/FFM patients and from 21 to 72 years in controls. BCVA ranged from 20/20 to 20/400 and from 20/20 to 20/32, respectively, in STGD/FFM patients and in controls. A foveal thinning was found by OCT Stratus in almost all cases (average 160 μm) compared with controls (average 210 μm) (pp<0.001). BCVA impairment significantly correlated to the degree of foveal thinning (r2=0.16; p=0.0014). Moreover, in STGD/FFM patients the authors observed two types of hyperreflective deposits which were not correlated with BCVA impairment or foveal thinning. In addition, fundus-related perimetry revealed a stable fixation in 8/12 eyes, that was predominantly central in only 4 of these eyes. A smaller degree of foveal thinning correlated to a more stable fixation (p=0.0108), even if not predominantly central (p=0.0218). Conclusions In this series, lower visual acuity and unstable fixation correlated with a greater transverse foveal thinning. OCT and fundus-related perimetry may be useful tools in STGD/FFM patients.
Spontaneous Resolution of Vitreomacular Traction following Ranibizumab (Lucentis) Injection
Authors: Rouvas A. , Petrou P. , Ladas I. , Neamonitou G. , Vergados I. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Spontaneous resolution of vitreomacular traction syndrome in diabetic patients is a rare phenomenon that has been poorly described in the literature. Methods Case presentation. Results The authors present a case of spontaneous resolution of vitreomacular traction following intravitreal administration of ranibizumab. Conclusions In patients with vitreomacular traction syndrome and diabetic macular edema, the combination of the possible vitreous liquefaction and mechanical increase of vitreous volume caused by an intravitreal injection with a degree of reduction in retinal thickness caused by the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition could play a role in the resolution of vitreomacular traction.
Comparison of Higher-Order Aberrations after Lasik Using Disposable Microkeratome 130 and 90 Micron Heads
Authors: Hosny M. , Awadalla M.A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To analyze and compare higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in cases of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flaps made using the Moria M2 disposable 130-μm head with those made using the 90-μm head. Methods Consecutive prospective comparative clinical trial. Ninety-four consecutive eyes of 48 patients were enrolled in this study. They were divided into two equal groups of 47 eyes that underwent wavefront-guided LASIK using VISX CustomVue (VISX, Santa Clara, CA) system. Corneal flap was created using the disposable Moria M2 130 μm in the first group and the 90 μm head in the second one. All patients were followed up for 6 months. Wavefront aberrations were measured at baseline, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery using the WaveScan (VISX Inc.) aberrometer. Root mean square (RMS) of HOAs, coma, and spherical aberration (SA) values were analyzed and compared in the two groups. Results At 6 months, values of RMS of HOAs, coma, and SA obtained from the 130–μm head group were 0.32±0.10 μm, 0.20±0.11 μm, and 0.18±0.08 μm, respectively. Values of RMS of HOAs, coma, and SA obtained from 90–μm head group were 0.33±0.12 μm, 0.19±0.10 μm, and 0.15±0.08 μm, respectively. Analyzing the data obtained revealed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. In each group, there was a significant decay of higher-order RMS and coma values from 1 month to 6 months. Conclusions HOAs following use of Moria M2 disposable 90 μm head are similar to those arising following use of the 130 μm.
Role of BIGH3 R124H Mutation in the Diagnosis of Avellino Corneal Dystrophy
Authors: Huerva V. , Velasco A. , Sánchez M.C. , Matías-Guiu X. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the presence of the R124H mutation in two Spanish families with Avellino corneal dystrophy (ACD). Methods Two families with subjects who presented biomicroscopic features of ACD were included in this study They have no relatives of Italian origin. Genomic DNA of the patients was isolated from peripheral blood. DNA was amplified using primer pairs corresponding to exons 4 and 12. Results In Family 1, Patients I-1, II-1, and II-3 presented granular deposits in the anterior stroma. In Family 2, Patients I-1 and II-1 presented similar deposits in anterior stroma; Patient I-2 presented biomicroscopic findings similar to granular corneal dystrophy (GCD) and isolated fine lattice deposits. Patient II-2 presented isolated central granular deposits and remarkable lattice deposits in the form of Christmas tree. An identical point mutation in the BIGH3 gene (TGFBI) was observed in all affected members of the two families. The mutation consisted of a substitution of arginine by histidine at amino acid residue 124. It was reflected in the sequence analysis by the presence of a G to A transition at nucleotide 418. The mutation was not found in unaffected family members. Conclusions The detection of the R124H BIGH3 mutation confirmed the diagnosis of ACD in the reported families. This is the first study that shows the presence of such mutation in Spain. The authors found the same mutation reported in other countries. In earlier stages, BIGH3 mutation analysis may help to distinguish ACD from GCD, particularly in young patients.
An in Vivo Confocal Microscopy and Impression Cytology Analysis of Preserved and Unpreserved Levobunolol-Induced Conjunctival Changes
Authors: Ciancaglini M. , Carpineto P. , Agnifili L. , Nubile M. , Fasanella V. , Lanzini M. , Calienno R. , Mastropasqua L. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To provide an in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and impression cytology analysis of preserved- and unpreserved levobunolol-induced changes of conjunctival epithelium. Methods 27 eyes of 27 patients were consecutively randomized to receive preserved or unpreserved levobunolol; all patients had a recent diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension and were not previously treated with topical medications. IVCM and impression cytology were performed before and after six months of therapy. Goblet cells density and a conjunctival epithelium regularity index were considered in the IVCM analysis, whereas impression cytology specimens were graded and scored in accordance with Nelson's method. Results After six months of therapy, IVCM and impression cytology parameters showed significant differences with respect to baseline in both groups (p<0.001); significant differences were also found between the two groups (p<0.001). The IVCM analysis showed a goblet cells density reduction (61% and 17% from baseline, respectively in group 1 and 2) (p<0.001) and an higher index of epithelial regularity (p<0.001) in both groups; the impression cytology analysis showed an higher score in both groups (p<0.001). Conclusions All the IVCM and impression cytology parameters correlated well with the conjunctival modifications induced by the topical therapy, suggesting the less toxicity of unpreserved drugs
A 5-year, Randomized, Open-Label Safety Study of Latanoprost and Usual Care in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension
Authors: Goldberg I. , Li X.-Y. , Selaru P. , Paggiarino D. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To investigate the incidence of latanoprost-related adverse events of the cornea, iris, and retina and the occurrence of hyperpigmentation. Methods An open-label safety surveillance study was conducted in 14 countries. Patients on intraocular pressure (IOP)-reducing therapy other than latanoprost were eligible if they required a change in therapy Patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to latanoprost administered once daily or to usual care (any other commercially available medication). Patients were examined at baseline and every 6 months for 5 years. Results In all, 5854 patients were included (latanoprost, 3936; usual care, 1918). Of those initially randomized to latanoprost, 2707 (68.8%) completed the study, and 4638 (79.2%) patients received at least one dose of latanoprost. Five-year risks were ≤3.17% for new occurrences of corneal erosions, iritis/uveitis, or macular edema in both randomization groups. Serious adverse drug reactions were reported in 17/3936 (0.43%) latanoprost and 9/1918 (0.47%) usual care patients. In all, 87.6% of patients ever treated with latanoprost had no increased iris pigmentation; no serious adverse drug reactions were reported in patients with increased iris pigmentation. Conclusions This 5-year study suggests that latanoprost as prescribed in 14 countries is a safe long-term treatment for patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
Agreement between Slit Lamp Examination and Optical Coherence Tomography in Estimating Cup-Disc Ratios
Authors: Martínez-De-La-Casa J.M. , Sáenz-Francés F , Fernández-Vidal A.M. , Mendez-Hernandez C.D. , Pablo-Júlvez L. , García-Sánchez J. , García-Feijoó J. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To compare optical coherence tomography (OCT) cup-disc ratio measurements with those estimated by two independent examiners using the slit lamp in an evaluation of the optic nerve head (ONH). Methods In 47 eyes each of 47 patients with glaucoma and 47 healthy subjects, the ONH was examined using the slit lamp with a 78 D lens. Two examiners subjectively determined the cup-disc area ratio (A-CDR), the horizontal cup-disc ratio (H-CDR), and the vertical cup-disc ratio (V-CDR). These measurements were compared to objective OCT readings obtained by a third examiner blind to the slit lamp results. Results For the three variables determined, correlation indices between the OCT readings and the two sets of slit lamp measurements were significantly higher for the glaucoma group than the control group. In the patients with glaucoma, the OCT tended to underestimate A-CDR and overestimate H-CDR. For both these variables, Bland-Altmann analysis revealed significant differences between the two methods that persisted across the whole range of CDRs examined. In contrast, differences in V-CDR varied with disc size. Conclusions The OCT is a diagnostic tool that provides a complete automatic evaluation of the ONH. However, its measurements vary significantly from those obtained in subjective evaluations performed by experienced ophthalmologists.
Effect of Topical Netilmicin on the Reduction of Bacterial Flora on the Human Conjunctiva
Authors: Aslan O. , Teberlk K. , Yucel M. , Gur N. , Karakoc A.E. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To investigate the effects of topical netilmicin on human conjunctival bacterial flora. Methods Fifty-six patients' eyes with cataract were treated three times a day with netilmicin 1 day before the surgery The fellow eyes of the patients were not treated. After 1 day of netilmicin application cultures of the inferior palpebral conjunctiva were performed in both eyes. Bacterial evaluation is qualitative. McNemar test was used for statistical analyses. Results The number of eyes with positive culture for coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS) in untreated eyes was 43 (76.8%) and in treated eyes it was 5 (8.93%) and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.000). In untreated eyes number of negative cultures with no bacterial growth was 8 (14.3%) and it was 47 (83.9%) in the treated eyes. The difference among groups was statistically significant (p=0.000). Netilmicin is found very effective for CNS as the percentage of positive cultures (n=43) in untreated eyes to positive cultures (n=4) in the treated fellow eye was 90.7%. Likewise, all patients with Staphylococcus aureus positive cultures in untreated eyes (n=5) had negative culture for this microorganism in their treated fellow eyes (100%). Conclusions The Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study demonstrated that the most common causes of postoperative endophthalmitis are coagulase negative microorganisms, S aureus and Streptococcus species. As netilmicin was found effective to reduce the number of positive cultures for these bacteria, it can be used to lower the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis before surgery.
Bedside Glue Blepharorrhaphy for Recalcitrant Exposure Keratopathy in Immobilized Patients
Authors: Sonmez B. , Özarslan M. , Beden Ü. , Erkan D. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the practical use and the effectiveness of cyanoacrylate glue blepharorrhaphy in immobilized patients with recalcitrant exposure keratopathy. Methods Retrospective case series. Temporal two thirds of upper eyelid eyelashes were glued to lower eyelid skin with tissue adhesive n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (histoacryl blue) after application of a contact lens. The systemic condition for immobilization; duration of exposure signs in the ocular surface; location, depth, and dimensions of the corneal ulcer; duration of effective blepharorrhaphy; and the time to heal were recorded. Results Twelve eyes of nine patients were treated. The reasons for immobilization were coma due to malignancy (3 patients), ischemic encephalopathy (2 patients), subarachnoid hemorrhage (2 patients), head trauma (1 patient), coma and hypotony of unknown cause (1 patient). All of the corneal ulcers healed within 4 to 11 days (mean: 5.5 days). Blepharorrhaphy opened spontaneously in 4 to 21 days (mean: 8.6 days). Conclusions Bedside glue blepharorrhaphy with tissue adhesive n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate is a practical, economic, and effective procedure in the treatment of exposure keratopathy in immobilized patients.
Bilateral Multifocal Retinal Pigment Epithelium Detachments Associated with Systemic Corticosteroids
Authors: Mendrinos E. , Mavrakanas N. , Dang-Burgener N.P. , Pournaras C.J. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report an unusual case of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), presenting as bilateral and multifocal isolated serous retinal pigment epithelium detachments (RPEDs) following corticosteroid treatment. Methods An otherwise healthy 39-year-old man was evaluated for visual loss following blunt trauma of his right eye (RE). The patient underwent complete bilateral ophthalmologic examination, including optical coherence tomography and fluorescein (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Results At presentation, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/200 in the RE and 200/200 in the left eye (LE). Treatment included topical and oral corticosteroids. Three days later, the patient complained of metamorphopsia and further decrease in the VA of his RE. Fundus examination showed bilateral serous RPEDs. Optical coherence tomography, FA, and ICGA confirmed the diagnosis. Topical and oral corticosteroids were stopped and a follow-up examination 5 days later demonstrated marked resolution of the RPEDs in the RE. Five weeks later, RPEDs regressed in the RE while they persisted in the asymptomatic LE. Visual acuity in the RE further improved to 120/200. Nine months after the first visit, BCVA in the RE was 200/200. At that time, both eyes demonstrated retinal pigment epitheliopathy Conclusions Central serous chorioretinopathy is a known complication of corticosteroids. The classic variant of CSC consists of a shallow neuroretinal detachment located at the posterior pole of the fundus. Bilateral and multifocal isolated serous RPEDs represent an atypical form of CSC.
Photorefractive Keratectomy for Myopic Anisometropia: A Retrospective Study on 18 Children
Authors: Magli A. , Iovine A. , Gagliardi V. , Fimiani F , Nucci P. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) performed under topical anesthesia in children with myopic anisometropia. Methods Medium to high unilateral myopia was corrected in 18 patients by PRK. At the time of surgery patients were between 7 and 17 years of age (mean 10 years). All the surgical procedures were performed under topical anesthesia. Pre- and postoperative data regarding visual acuity, eye alignment, and binocular vision were analyzed. Results The mean correction (SE) obtained with excimer laser was −8.21 D (range: −2.25 to −14.50, SD 3.90). The mean preoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) was 20/70, and the postoperative mean BSCVA was 20/50. A significant difference was observed between the arithmetic mean of the preoperative and postoperative BSCVA (p=0.001). Two of 18 patients improved stereopsis; furthermore, surgery variation strabismus was registered in 33.3% of the patients, following PRK. Patients were followed up for a mean of 39 months. Conclusions The treatment of medium to high unilateral myopia with PRK under local anesthesia was found effective and safe in pediatric and adolescent patients. This procedure may improve ocular alignment and stereopsis. Further studies are needed to increase the patient experience and extend follow-up time in order to assess the long-term stability of the results.
Full Preoperative Panretinal Photocoagulation Improves the Outcome of Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C for Neovascular Glaucoma
Authors: Al Obeidan S.A. , Osman E.A. , Al-Amro S.A. , Kangave D. , Abu El-Asrar A.M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To investigate the efficacy of full panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) followed by trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) in the management of eyes with neovascular glaucoma (NVG). Methods This study is based on 30 consecutive eyes of 27 patients with NVG who underwent full PRP followed by trabeculectomy with MMC. NVG was secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (23 eyes) and central retinal vein occlusion (7 eyes). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of the surgical outcome was performed. Operative success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) of ≤21 mmHg without medical therapy. Results Kaplan-Meier cumulative success rates at the 6-, 12-, and 24-month intervals were 86.5%, 74.7%, and 57.6%, respectively. Pseudophakia was the only identified significant risk factor for failure (p=0.0138; Fisher exact test). Additional surgical procedures were performed in 8 (26.6%) eyes. The mean IOP decreased from 41.0±10.2 mmHg to 18.2±9.2 mmHg (p<0.001; Wilcoxon signed rank test). The number of anti-glaucoma medications was reduced from 3.1±0.5 preoperatively to 0.3±0.7 postoperatively (p<0.001; Wilcoxon signed rank test). Twenty-four (80%) eyes were classified as surgical success after a mean follow-up period of 17.3±22.1 months. Twenty-two (73.3%) eyes had improved vision or retained preoperative vision. Conclusions Full PRP followed by trabeculectomy with MMC can effectively reduce the elevated IOP associated with NVG. Presence of pseudophakia is a significant negative predictor of surgical outcome.
Post-Trabeculectomy Choroidal Detachment: Not an Adverse Prognostic Sign for Either Visual Acuity or Surgical Success
Authors: Altan C. , Ozturker C. , Bayraktar S. , Eren H. , Ozturker Z.K. , Yilmaz O.F. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the incidence of choroidal detachment (CD) following trabeculectomy and to evaluate its effect on long-term surgical success and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Methods A total of 253 eyes of 198 subjects who underwent trabeculectomy between 1993 and 2003 with at least 1 year follow-up were reviewed retrospectively Twenty-eight eyes of 28 subjects which developed CD postoperatively were classified as Group 1 and the remaining 225 eyes of 170 subjects as Group 2. The risk factors for the development of CD and the influence of CD on BCVA and on the success of trabeculectomy were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results In Group 1, preoperative BCVA was significantly lower and cup to disc ratio and the frequency of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma were higher with respect to the control group (p=0.009, p=0.01, p=0.02). The correlations between the development of CD and postoperative findings such as shallowing of the anterior chamber, hypotony hypotonic maculopathy, hyphema, and fibrin reaction in the anterior chamber were statistically significant. CD was not associated with a significant reduction of BCVA. Intraocular pressures at postoperative first day, sixth month, and first year were lower in Group 1. The success of trabeculectomy and the average number of medications used were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions CD following trabeculectomy occurred in 11% of our patients. CD was not associated with either a significant drop in BCVA or an adverse influence on long-term IOP control.