bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educational Policies Influencing State Response to Gifted and Talented Education Between 1977 and 1980
Authors: Miller Pamela Fine , Ward Tom 
Published: November 2015

Several educational policies and state characteristics have been cited in the literature as having a beneficial influence upon state response to gifted and talented education. These include: 1. state mandated programs for gifted and talented students. 2. state certification of teachers of gifted and talented students. 3. state plan for gifted and talented education. 4. state statutes governing the administration of gifted and talented programs. 5. state educational agency personnel assigned to gifted and talented education. 6. state utilization of Title IV-C funding for gifted and talented programs. 7. administration of gifted and talented programs through special education. 8. state definition of giftedness and talent. 9. level of state expenditures for gifted and talented education. This study sought to ascertain the influence of these selected educational policies and state characteristics on the level of state services provided gifted and talented students and state expenditures provided to support such services observed across the states between 1977 and 1980. Results of this investigation revealed that educational policy, per se, has had little influence upon the level of state services provided gifted and talented students across the United States. However, the selected set of educational policies exerted a moderate influence upon the level of state expenditures for gifted and talented education observed across states between 1977 and 1980. Finally, it was observed that states have become more homogeneous in their response to policy in the area of gifted and talented education over time.
Corporate Deviance and Corporate Victimization: A Review and Some Elaborations
Authors: Shichor David 
Published: November 2015

Corporate deviance is organizational deviance occurring on the behalf of the corporation in the course of working in it. Many corporate deviant acts occur as an outcome of the often-conflicting goals of profit maximization and free competition. This paper attempts to analyze various classifications of corporate violations, corporate harms, corporate victimizations, and corporate victims. It suggests that various kinds of corporate victimization cause different kinds of harm, and hurt different kinds of victims to different degrees; in most corporate victimization cases there are multiple victims, i.e., besides direct victimization, indirect victimization also takes place; there is also a widescale inter-organizational victimization occurring among corporations. The paper also reviews the possibilities for the individualization of the victims, personalization of the offenders, and the personalization of harms as they relate to corporate deviance. The combined classifications may be helpful for further conceptualization of the various aspects of corporate deviance.
Lobular Dissecting Hepatitis in the Dog
Authors: Bennett A. M. , Davies J. D. , Gaskell C. J. , Lucke V. M. 
Published: November 2015

Ascites and acquired portosystemic shunts were consistent findings in six dogs with a chronic hepatitis of unusual morphology and unknown etiology. The hepatitis was characterized by a mixed inflammatory infiltrate and dissection of the lobular parenchyma by reticulin and fine collagen fibers. While limiting plates were disrupted by this process, portal inflammation was inconstant and seldom marked. Biopsy samples generally had very small, sublobular regenerative nodules, but larger nodules sometimes were present postmortem. Dilated vascular channels, representing sinusoids and portal venous radicles were a prominent feature of most affected livers. The lesions differ from previously documented chronic hepatitis in the dog, and from the chronic hepatitides in man.
Would You Recognize Universal Design for Learning if You Saw it? Ten Propositions for New Directions for the Second Decade of UDL
Authors: Edyburn Dave L. 
Published: November 2015

As I read the latest issue of the Learning Disability Quarterly, I was appreciative of the essay by King-Sears (2009) highlighting the value of universal design for learning (UDL) to the learning disability community. The allure of UDL has captured the imagination of many educators and policy makers. The recent reauthorization of the Higher Education Opportunity Act of 2008 (Public Law 110–315, Section 202, I, A), for example, requires colleges of education that receive federal funding for teacher quality partnership grants to report on the outcomes of UDL training within their preservice preparation programs. King-Sears' efforts to encourage the learning disability community to dialogue about UDL are noteworthy and timely. Given that the King-Sears piece was featured as a “Commentary” article designed to spark conversation about contemporary topics, I would like to take this opportunity to extend the conversation and highlight nuances associated with translating UDL theory into practice. As someone who has been involved in helping individual teachers as well as schools, states, provinces, and policy makers translate UDL theory into practice, I am concerned about the ability of the profession to implement a construct that it cannot define.
Ceramic Applications and Related Technology
Authors: Kojima T , Kato N , Ishida N , Taniguchi M 
Published: November 2015

Ceramic applications for engine and related technologies are described in this paper. Silicon nitride leads the so-called new ceramics in their automobile applications. Its properties including excellent high-temperature strength, wear resistance and light weight have attracted much attention recently from engine designers. Several components such as turbocharger rotor, rocker-arm tips and ball bearings have been commercially produced by using gas pressure sintered silicon nitride (GPSSN), a material of high strength and high reliability. Furthermore, other applications have been developed using related technology such as a new brazing technique.
Creating Creativity
Authors: Srivastava DR Manjari 
Published: November 2015

The need for creativity has been, recognised by both academicians/theorists and practicing managers alike. Many different views and theories have been presented by various people. The author argues that though it is difficult to give a holistic view of creativity. To be creative, it is suggested that one require originality of ideas, expertise and motivation (inner drive or passion). These three are the important ingredients of creativity. The author further suggests that besides originality, expertise and motivation, the ‘work environment’ of the organization plays a significant role in making its people creative. It is proposed that both individuals' creative ability and conducive work environment promotes a eating creativity.
An Exploration Of The Punctuated Equilbrium Paradigm: The Case Of Indian Low Cost Airlines
Authors: Goel Preeti , Shukla A.K. 
Published: November 2015

Over any resonable length of time, in any industry competition can be viewed as a process driven by innovation. By lowering the entry barriers, innovation allows new enterprises to compete with relatively established organizations. Thus the number of competitors in any industry keeps rising and falling as a function of innovation. This phenomenon, which finds its roots in evolutionary biological sciences, can be explained by ‘model of punctuated equilibrium’. In the past explosive growths of many companies, at the expense of established players, endorse the dynamic nature of change process proposed by this model. The Indian domestic civil aviation industry is undergoing a similar change process. Thanks to an innovative strategy: Low Cost Flying. In this paper we have analyzed the defreezing of competitive structure of Indian domestic civil aviation industry to highlight how innovation affects the degree and nature of competition in an industry
La psychologie cognitive face à la musique contemporaine: Une contribution essentielle de Irène Deliège
Authors: Imberty Michel 
Published: November 2015

Irène Deliège, through her approach to Boulez and Berio, was the first person to tackle the problem of the perceptual organisation of contemporary music. In 1987, she published, with A. El Ahmadi, an experimental study of the real time perception of Sequenza VI for alto solo, which she resumed in the 1989 article “Approche perceptive de formes musicales contemporaines” (“A perceptual approach to contemporary musical forms”), and which she completed in similar work on Éclat by Boulez. These articles were groundbreaking and are fundamental to a large proportion of musical cognitive psychology today, pushing it beyond studying uniquely tonal music and the theoretical limitations that this brings with it. In addition, she uses a method that I myself introduced in 1981 (albeit on tonal pieces, an Intermezzo by Brahms and a Prelude for piano by Debussy, La Puerta del Vino), that I also resumed in 1987 in relation to Sequenza III. She was to extend this work through other experiments based on the same issue in relation to the First Sonata for solo violin by Bach (1996, 2007, Deliège & Mélen 1994) and the solo for cor anglais which follows the Prélude to the 3rd act of Tristan et Isolde by Wagner (1998, 2007). I would therefore like to attempt here a comparison of our results in relation to the two Sequenze and demonstrate the great value of the model developed by Irène. I thereby pay hommage to her pioneering work.
New Lighting for Old Buildings
Authors: Penwarden E. H. , Anderson S. 
Published: November 2015

Some reasons for the improvement of artificial lighting in old buildings are discussed, and in addition to the desire to secure direct improvement of vision and to reveal the interior architecture and decoration, the provision of a more cheerful and comfortable appearance, the improvement of colour rendering and the desire for illumination comparable with that found in more modern buildings are covered. Present lighting technique is reviewed and the characteristics of contemporary electric light sources and their bearing on the subject of the paper are discussed. Factors involved in light control are dealt with and the effect of different methods of lighting on the revealing of form, texture and colour are illustrated. The variety of buildings considered is limited to those employed for historic, civic, official and domestic purposes, and some consideration is given to the architectural styles encountered. A broad classification into (a) buildings of historic style and tradition requiring improved lighting, and (b) buildings whose use dictates the adoption of a modern standard of illumination, is made, and the implications of each requirement outlined. The co-ordination of the requirements of the architect and of the illuminating engineer is considered, and various practical methods of dealing with the problems involved are suggested. Actual and theoretical examples of the application of new light sources, together with the design of the lighting fixtures and the disposition of the control gear, are given and illustrated.
Recent Developments in Gas Street Lighting
Authors: Sugg P. Crawford 
Published: November 2015

The economics of gas street lighting, particularly those for “Group B.” have been greatly improved since the war by changes in the design and construction of the lanterns. Considerable experience has now been gained of the performance in service of the new units. Their performance is consistent with the requirements of the new Draft Code of Practice for Street Lighting. This paper describes the changes in design of lanterns and control gear which have been made, and reports the results of full-scale tests carried out on certain installations. Attention has been directed to improving both the performance and the daytime appearance of the lanterns. Illustrations of post-war installations are given.
Visibility on the Road
Authors: Harris A. J. 
Published: November 2015

Existing methods of measuring the visibility of an object or of assessing the visibility in an installation are discussed. The ideas underlying the concept of visibility are then analysed with the intention of making clear the nature of some of the difficulties which have given rise to controversy. One must distinguish between the visibility of an object and the visibility in an installation. The latter IS best regarded as an assessment of all actual or potential visibilities in the installation. There has been controversy as to the correct scale for the visibility of an object and about the meaning, if any, of the numerical values given by such scales. It is concluded that all scales which put objects in the same order of visibility are equally valid, but some are more convenient than others because they are more simply related to the visual phenomena vital to the task of the observer: in this case safe driving. The attempt to represent the visibility in an installation by a single number is an attempt to put in order of merit the totalities of actual and potential visibilities in different installations. It is concluded that no useful meaning can be attributed to a comparison of these totalities in terms of visibilities alone. Any such comparison breaks down in certain cases and these are likely to be just the cases in which guidance is most needed. Installations may be compared, however, in terms of safety. The visual safety of an installation, as distinct from the visibility in an installation. can therefore be represented by a single number. The practical difficulties in the way of obtaining the visual safety are discussed. Progress seems to depend on gaining an understanding in clear numerical terms of the part played by visibility in the causation of accidents. Present knowledge is extremely meagre.
Industrial Lighting Design and its Financial Evaluation
Authors: Cundall G. P. , Humphreys J. S. 
Published: November 2015

Two of the many decisions which have to be made when a new factory is to be built are the method of lighting to be adopted and the level of illumination. Illumination can be provided during daylight hours either by glazing or by artificial lighting. The effects of these methods on the internal environment differ so that lighting cannot be treated as an isolated element in the design either of the building or of the production plant-it is closely related to both. Its relationship with other factors and the complexity of taking account of all of them is described. When decisions are made their financial implications should be known and investment in lighting should be judged by the returns from it. At present this is made difficult because, although the relationship between visual acuity and illumination has received a good deal of study, the relationship between illumination and profitability is likely to vary with social conditions and is only vaguely known. It is suggested that much more investigation is needed in this field and that the results should be presented in strictly comparable financial terms. When considering alternative designs it is insufficient to calculate only the capital and running costs of each because of the differing times at which each alternative may bring costs or benefits and because of the application of Investment Grants and Taxation. The Present Value method of comparing alternative designs is described and illustrated by example. A hypothetical example of the use of the Discounted Cash Flow technique is used to illustrate the comparison of benefits between expenditure on alternative levels of illumination and investment in other productive plant.
Using Marketing Principles to Maximize Funding Effectiveness
Authors: Metzler Jennifer L. , Frakes Monica G. , Aubrey Jillian 
Published: November 2015

Community health programs are faced with increasing pressure to maximize effective use of scarce resources while improving access to care. In response to this challenge, one New Mexico program expanded outreach efforts and designated funds for marketing to get the word out about prenatal care. With a local marketing and advertising agency, they used the precepts of marketing as organizing principles to develop a communications plan. The result is a model for resource allocation driven by the input of a highly defined target group. It allows the planning team to focus on achievable goals, without being fragmented by the myriad of needs impossible to meet within the reality of limited funding. “For every type of institution, there is always a potential set of relevant objectives, and the institution's task is to make a choice among them (Kotler & Andreasen, 1987).”
Initial Functional Independence Measure Score and Interval Post Stroke Help Assess Outcome, Length of Hospitalization, and Quality of Care
Authors: Ancheta Julius , Husband Marcie , Law Diane , Reding Mike 
Published: November 2015

Objective: This study tests the hypothesis that the rehabilitation hospital admission functional Independence Measure (FIM) score and interval post stroke can be used to define clinically relevant functional recovery goals, estimate length of stay, and compare quality of care. Background: The effects of time from stroke to rehabilitation unit admission on admission and discharge FIM scores, length of rehabilitation stay, and change in FIM score/day have not yet been reported. Methods: Analysis was based on prospectively collected data from patients admitted to an inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit with FIM scores ≤ 90 and an initial, unilateral, hemispheric, thrombotic, or embolic stroke who were fully independent without the use of an assistive device before their stroke. Patients with severe (admission FIM < 54) and moderate (admission FIM 54–90) stroke deficits were divided into cohorts based on interval from stroke to rehabilitation hospital admission: 0–2, 2–4, and 4–6 weeks. Results: Over a 17-month interval, 87 patients met selection criteria. Significant improvements were seen in total FIM scores for all. For those with moderate stroke, all three time cohorts reached a FIM score of 102 ± 2 SEM after 35 ± 2 days on the rehabilitation unit. Patients admitted within 2 weeks of a severe stroke reached a plateau FIM score of 72 ± 6 after 43 ± 3 days on the rehabilitation unit compared with the 2–4 week group (FIM = 57 ± 5 after 53 ± 4 days) and the 4–6 week group (FIM = 54 ± 10 after 40 ± 6 days). Complications increased with severity of stroke and delay in rehabilitation hospital transfer. Conclusions: Admission FIM score and interval from stroke to rehabilitation hospital admission can be used to set FIM outcome goals, predict length of rehabilitation hospitalization needed to meet those goals, and compare quality of care across institutions with different referral patterns. Our results provide a benchmark against which to compare less intense or shorter duration inpatient treatment options.
P300 (Latency) Event-Related Potential: An Accurate Predictor of Memory Impairment
Authors: Braverman Eric R. , Blum Kenneth 
Published: November 2015

To determine if P300 latency changes precede and correlate with memory and mental status, patients (N=1506 aged 20–100 years) who received medical and psychiatric diagnoses (from 1997 to 2002), were assessed for P300 (N=1496), WMS-III (N=694), and MMSE (N=456). Patient and control groups included, a) normal WMS-III on all 4 subscales (N=36), b) normal WMS-III and MMSE (N=189) with subjective memory/mental status complaints, and c) medical patients with normal WMS-III and no memory complaints (N=205), and d) P300 control group without medical, psychiatric or memory problems for ROC. Patients with impaired/borderline memory had a prolonged P300 latency (P<0.02) compared to age matched non-impaired controls; in patients with normal WMS-III/MMSE, with subjective mild memory/mental status impairment, P300 latency was prolonged compared to controls (P=0.0004). The P300 latency increased by 0.72ms per year (P=7.9×10−65) and voltage decreased by 0.03dV per year (P=6.7×10−10), and both parameters were linearly correlated with the age of the subjects. Male subjects had an average voltage of 6.1dV and female 6.8dV(P=0.00009). Statistically, prolonged latency began at age range 41–50 (P=0.0002); reduced P300 voltage began at age range 51–60 (P=0.003). WMS-III memory decline for all measures began in females at age range 61–70 (P value at least=0.02) and for males at age range 61–80 (P=0.02). Prolonged P300 latency (P≤0.0001) and memory impairment (at least <0.02) were greater for females than males. MMSE memory decline, male and female, began at age range 81–90 (P value of at least 0.00007). In our logistic regression model P300 latency was more predictive of WMS-III impairment than MMSE >24. In patients whose WMS-III score is impaired ≤69, or borderline ≤79 (P at least =0.004), a P300 latency more prolonged than the norm (≥300 + 30 + Age) identifies these patients, whereas a MMSE >24 failed. With the ROC curve, we confirmed that P300 latency could accurately identify borderline/impaired memory.
Testing Iron and Zinc Bioavailability in Genetically Enriched Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) and Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) in a Rat Model
Authors: Welch Ross M. , House William A. , Beebe Steven , Senadhira Dharmawansa , Gregorio Glenn B. , Cheng Z. 
Published: November 2015

A rat model was used to determine the bioavailability of iron and zinc in bean seeds and rice grain from enriched genotypes of these globally important staple foods. Seed and grain from the genotypes tested (intrinsically radiolabelled with either 59Fe or 65Zn) were cooked, homogenized in water, and lyophilized to dryness. The dried, radiolabelled powder was fed to young male rats in single meals. Bioavailability was calculated from the amount of radiolabelled iron and zinc retained in the rats over a 10-day period as determined each day by whole-body gamma spectrometry assay. The data collected demonstrate that increasing the amount of iron or zinc in enriched rice grain and bean seed significantly increases the amount of iron or zinc bioavailable to rats. Although a rat model is not ideal for determining iron and zinc bioavailability to humans, because rats are much more efficient at absorbing iron and zinc from plant foods than humans, rats can be used to give relative estimates of bioavailable iron and zinc in plant foods. These estimates can be used to rank promising genotypes of staple foods for use in later feeding trials with humans, greatly reducing the numbers of genotypes that would have to be tested in humans without use of the rat model. Ultimately, because of the complexities of determining the bioavailability to humans of iron and zinc in plant foods, human feeding trials performed under free-living conditions should be conducted with the most promising genotypes before these genotypes are released for distribution to breeding programmes worldwide