bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of atrial fibrillation on rest and exercise haemodynamics in heart failure with mid‐range and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Kaye David M. , Silvestry Frank E. , Gustafsson Finn , Cleland John G. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Ponikowski Piotr , Komtebedde Jan , Nanayakkara Shane , Burkhoff Dan , Shah Sanjiv J. 
Published: October 2017

AimsHeart failure with preserved (HFpEF) and mid‐range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) are becoming the most prevalent forms of heart failure. Patients with HFpEF/HFmrEF in atrial fibrillation (AF) have poorer survival and quality of life, but the mechanism underpinning this is unknown. We sought to investigate the influence of AF on the haemodynamic profile of HFpEF/HFmrEF patients at rest and during exercise.Methods and resultsWe invasively measured central haemodynamics at rest and during symptom‐limited supine bicycle exercise in HFpEF/HFmrEF patients, 35 in sinus rhythm and 20 in AF with matched left ventricular ejection fraction. At rest, AF patients had significantly increased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, lower cardiac index and reduced left ventricular stroke work index, despite similar resting heart rate. Under resting conditions, calculated oxygen consumption and systemic arteriovenous oxygen gradient were not different between the two groups. During supine cycling at similar levels of workload, AF patients exhibited a reduced capacity to increase their oxygen consumption and this was accompanied by a persistently impaired cardiac index and left ventricular stroke work index.ConclusionsThe adverse interaction of AF and HFpEF/HFmrEF may be accounted for by an adverse impact on left ventricular systolic function and peripheral oxygen kinetics.
Effects of fluoride on morphology, growth, development, and thyroid hormone of Chinese toad (Bufo gargarizans) embryos
Authors: Zhang Yuhui , Xie Lei , Li Xinyi , Chai Lihong , Chen Mengxing , Kong Xiaojing , Wang Qingqing , Liu Jingfei , Zhi Lijuan , Yang Chang , Wang Hongyuan 
Published: October 2017

Excessive fluoride in natural water ecosystem has the potential to detrimentally affect amphibians, but little is known of such effects or underlying mechanisms in Bufo gargarizans embryos. In the present study, the effects of fluoride exposure on B. gargarizans embryos were investigated. First, fluoride teratogenic experiment showed that the 9 days EC50 of fluoride on B. gargarizans embryos was 177.62 mg/L. Then, we studied the sublethal effects of fluoride on B. gargarizans embryos at control, 0.7, 4.1, 19.6, 41.9, and 62.7 mg/L fluoride concentration. Malformation, growth, and development of embryos were monitored, and type 2 and 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (Dio2 and Dio3), thyroid hormone receptors (TRα and TRβ) mRNA levels were measured. Our results showed the morphological malformations, such as tail curvature (lordosis), edema, cuticularized ciliated cells, and hyperplasia were occurred during fluoride exposure. Growth and development were all inhibited at 19.5, 41.9, and 62.7 mg/L fluoride‐treated groups after 9 days’ exposure. According to real‐time PCR results, exposure to fluoride upregulated Dio3 and TRβ mRNA expression and downregulated Dio2 and TRα mRNA level. All above indicated that excessive fluoride could induce morphology malformations, inhibit embryonic growth and development, and disrupt the normal function of maternal thyroid hormone in B. gargarizans embryos. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:123–133, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hematological indices of injury to lightly oiled birds from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Authors: Fallon Jesse A. , Smith Eric P. , Schoch Nina , Paruk James D. , Adams Evan A. , Evers David C. , Jodice Patrick G.R. , Perkins Christopher , Schulte Shiloh , Hopkins William A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Avian mortality events are common following large-scale oil spills. However, the sublethal effects of oil on birds exposed to light external oiling are not clearly understood. We found that American oystercatchers (area of potential impact n = 42, reference n = 21), black skimmers (area of potential impact n = 121, reference n = 88), brown pelicans (area of potential impact n = 91, reference n = 48), and great egrets (area of potential impact n = 57, reference n = 47) captured between 20 June 2010 and 23 February 2011 following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill experienced oxidative injury to erythrocytes, had decreased volume of circulating erythrocytes, and showed evidence of a regenerative hematological response in the form of increased reticulocytes compared with reference populations. Erythrocytic inclusions consistent with Heinz bodies were present almost exclusively in birds from sites impacted with oil, a finding pathognomonic for oxidative injury to erythrocytes. Average packed cell volumes were 4 to 19% lower and average reticulocyte counts were 27 to 40% higher in birds with visible external oil than birds from reference sites. These findings provide evidence that small amounts of external oil exposure are associated with hemolytic anemia. Furthermore, we found that some birds captured from the area impacted by the spill but with no visible oiling also had erythrocytic inclusion bodies, increased reticulocytes, and reduced packed cell volumes when compared with birds from reference sites. Thus, birds suffered hematologic injury despite no visible oil at the time of capture. Together, these findings suggest that adverse effects of oil spills on birds may be more widespread than estimates based on avian mortality or severe visible oiling. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:451–461. © 2017 SETAC
Multifaceted brain networks reconfiguration in disorders of consciousness uncovered by co‐activation patterns
Authors: Di Perri Carol , Amico Enrico , Heine Lizette , Annen Jitka , Martial Charlotte , Larroque Stephen Karl , Soddu Andrea , Marinazzo Daniele , Laureys Steven 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionGiven that recent research has shown that functional connectivity is not a static phenomenon, we aim to investigate the dynamic properties of the default mode network's (DMN) connectivity in patients with disorders of consciousness.MethodsResting‐state fMRI volumes of a convenience sample of 17 patients in unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) and controls were reduced to a spatiotemporal point process by selecting critical time points in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Spatial clustering was performed on the extracted PCC time frames to obtain 8 different co‐activation patterns (CAPs). We investigated spatial connectivity patterns positively and negatively correlated with PCC using both CAPs and standard stationary method. We calculated CAPs occurrences and the total number of frames.ResultsCompared to controls, patients showed (i) decreased within‐network positive correlations and between‐network negative correlations, (ii) emergence of “pathological” within‐network negative correlations and between‐network positive correlations (better defined with CAPs), and (iii) “pathological” increases in within‐network positive correlations and between‐network negative correlations (only detectable using CAPs). Patients showed decreased occurrence of DMN‐like CAPs (1–2) compared to controls. No between‐group differences were observed in the total number of framesConclusionCAPs reveal at a more fine‐grained level the multifaceted spatial connectivity reconfiguration following the DMN disruption in UWS patients, which is more complex than previously thought and suggests alternative anatomical substrates for consciousness. BOLD fluctuations do not seem to differ between patients and controls, suggesting that BOLD response represents an intrinsic feature of the signal, and therefore that spatial configuration is more important for consciousness than BOLD activation itself. Hum Brain Mapp 39:89–103, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Central bank swap lines and CIP deviations
Authors: Allen William A. , Galati Gabriele , Moessner Richhild , Nelson William 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe study the use of U.S. dollar central bank swap lines as a tool for addressing dislocations in the foreign currency swap market against the USD since the global financial crisis. We find that the use of the Federal Reserve's USD central bank swap lines was mainly related to tensions in U.S. money markets during times of financial crisis, and less to tensions that were confined to foreign exchange swap markets. In particular, we find that the use of USD central bank swap lines did not react significantly to the recent period of persistent deviations of covered interest parity since 2014. These results are consistent with the view that the Federal Reserve was guided by enlightened self‐interest when providing swap lines to foreign central banks, in order to reduce dislocations in U.S. financial markets and support financial stability. In recent years, foreign exchange swap markets have not functioned properly, but it appears that now that the crisis is over, the Federal Reserve and other central banks have decided against trying permanently to fill the gap left by the dysfunction in the commercial foreign exchange swap market.
Cross‐sectional study of associations between prior spontaneous abortions and preterm delivery
Authors: Omani‐Samani Reza , Mansournia Mohammad A. , Sepidarkish Mahdi , Almasi‐Hashiani Amir , Safiri Saeid , Vesali Samira , Amini Payam , Maroufizadeh Saman 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate associations between a history of spontaneous abortion and preterm delivery during subsequent pregnancies.MethodsThe present secondary analysis included cross‐sectional survey data related to all deliveries at 103 hospitals in Tehran, Iran, between July 6 and 21, 2015. Trained midwives interviewed patients within 24 hours of delivery. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to investigate associations between spontaneous abortion and preterm delivery.ResultsData were included from 4991 deliveries. A history of spontaneous abortion (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.21–1.87; P=0.001) and history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.90–7.37; P=0.001) were associated with increased odds of preterm delivery in comparison with no such history. Similarly, one (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.04–1.70; P=0.023), two (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.15–2.74; P=0.009), or at least three prior spontaneous abortions (OR 4.10, 95% CI 2.08–8.08; P=0.001) were associated with increased odds of preterm delivery compared with none. Population attributable fractions of 9.49% (95% CI 3.36–15.12) and 2.00% (95% CI 0.57–3.56) were calculated for histories of spontaneous abortion and recurrent pregnancy loss, respectively.ConclusionHistory of spontaneous abortion and history of recurrent pregnancy loss were associated with increased odds of preterm delivery. A greater number of spontaneous abortions corresponded to greater odds of preterm delivery.
Changes in polyphenol profile of dried apricots containing SO2 at various concentrations during storage
Authors: Altındağ Melek , Türkyılmaz Meltem , Özkan Mehmet 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDChanges in polyphenols have important effects on the quality (especially color) and health benefits of dried apricots. SO2 concentration, storage and the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) were factors which had significant effects on polyphenols. Polyphenol profile and activities of PPO and PAL in sulfured dried apricots (SDAs, 0, 451, 832, 2112 and 3241 mg SO2 kg−1) were monitored during storage at 4, 20 and 30 °C for 379 days for the first time.RESULTSEven the lowest SO2 concentration (451 mg kg−1) was sufficient to inactivate PPO during the entire storage period. However, while SO2 led to the increase in PAL activity of the samples (r = 0.767) before storage, PAL activities of SDAs decreased during storage. After 90 days of storage, PAL activity was determined in only non‐sulfured dried apricots (NSDAs) and dried apricots containing 451 mg SO2 kg−1. Although the major polyphenol in NSDAs was epicatechin (611.4 mg kg−1), that in SDAs was chlorogenic acid (455–1508 mg kg−1), followed by epicatechin (0–426.8 mg kg−1), rutin (148.9–477.3 mg kg−1), ferulic acid (23.3–55.3 mg kg−1) and gallic acid (2.4–43.6 mg kg−1). After storage at 30 °C for 379 days, the major polyphenol in SDAs was gallic acid (706–2324 mg kg−1). However, the major polyphenol in NSDAs did not change after storage. The highest total polyphenol content was detected in SDAs containing 2112 mg SO2 kg−1 and stored at 30 °C.CONCLUSIONTo produce dried apricots having high polyphenol content, ∼2000 mg SO2 kg−1 should be used. Low storage temperature (<30 °C) was not necessary for the protection of polyphenols. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Examining a Dual‐Process Model of Desensitization and Hypersensitization to Community Violence in African American Male Adolescents
Authors: Gaylord‐Harden Noni K. , Bai Grace J. , Simic Dusan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to examine a dual‐process model of reactivity to community violence exposure in African American male adolescents from urban communities. The model focused on desensitization and hypersensitization effects as well as desensitization and hypersensitization as predictors of aggressive behavior. Participants were 133 African American male high school students, mean age = 15.17 years, SD = 0.96. Participants completed measures of exposure to community violence, depressive symptoms, hyperarousal symptoms, aggressive beliefs, and aggressive behaviors at two time points. Community violence exposure predicted changes in aggression, β = .25, p = .004, and physiological arousal, β = .22, p = .010, over time, but not aggressive beliefs. The curvilinear association between community violence exposure and changes in depression over time was not significant, β = .42, p = .083, but there was a significant linear association between the exposure to community violence (ECV) and changes in levels of depression over time, β = .21, p = .014. Results indicated a significant mediation effect for hyperarousal on the association between community violence exposure and aggressive behavior, B = 0.20, 95% CI = [0.04, 0.54]. Results showed support for physiological hypersensitization, with hypersensitization increasing the risk for aggressive behavior.
Emotion Dysregulation and Social Support in PTSD and Depression: A Study of Trauma‐Exposed Veterans
Authors: Cox Daniel W. , Bakker A. Myfanwy , Naifeh James A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEmotion dysregulation has been associated with impaired interpersonal functioning and increased risk of posttraumatic psychopathology. Given that social support is a robust predictor of psychiatric morbidity following trauma exposure, we examined whether emotion dysregulation was associated with posttraumatic psychopathology through its negative effect on social support. Using self‐report data from 90 military veterans (89.9% men) enrolled in an outpatient psychotherapy program for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we found that social support partially mediated the effect of emotion dysregulation on PTSD (PM = .10) and depression symptoms (PM = .14). When source of support was considered, friend (PM = .08) and significant other support (PM = .06) were greater mediators of the effect of emotion dysregulation on depression symptoms than family support (PM = .01). There were no differential mediating effects for support providers on PTSD symptoms. Our findings indicate that social support is a statistically significant yet clinically limited mechanism through which emotion dysregulation is linked with psychiatric symptoms. Implications for these limitations and alternative potentially relevant interpersonal mechanisms are discussed.
Hierarchical Structures Formed by Flexible Dendrimeric Molecules Based on Gallic Acid
Authors: Matraszek Joanna , Gorecka Ewa , Mieczkowski Józef , Hejko Monika , Pociecha Damian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBehavior of first‐generation dendrons based on gallic acid is found to be strongly dependent on the number of terminal alkyl chains attached to the outer phenyl rings; only molecules having three alkyl chains per phenyl ring are mesogenic. Due to the hydrogen bonding, they form micelles that are arranged into cubic Pm3n structure. The cubic phase is also found for dimeric and trimeric gallic ester analogues; it is shown that the size of the crystallographic unit cell correlates with the isotropization temperature, apparently small micelles with high density of alkyl chains at the micelle surface interact more strongly stabilizing the cubic phase. Also behavior of gallic acid dendrons in solution is defined by the number of terminal chains, formation of either large liposomes or gel is observed.
Carboxylated Lignin as an Effective Cohardener for Enhancing Strength and Toughness of Epoxy
Authors: Sun Jiaotong , Wang Cun , Stubbs Ludger P. , He Chaobin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIt is demonstrated that pristine or functionalized lignin can be used in epoxy as a cohardener or comonomer; however either unsatisfactory mechanical properties or low lignin content remains a challenge in utilizing the sustainable biomass to replace petrochemical product. In this study, carboxylic acid‐modified kraft lignin (lignin–COOH) is synthesized and used as a cohardener for epoxy with loading content of up to 10.0 wt%. With incorporation of 10.0 wt% of lignin–COOH, the resulting composite exhibits increments of 16%, 13%, 20%, and 95% on tensile modulus, flexural modulus, tensile strength, and toughness respectively, in contrast to neat epoxy. The good dispersion of lignin–COOH in epoxy, rigid aromatic structure of lignin, and the reduced crosslink density in the composite can simultaneously contribute to the high mechanical performance, which is verified by the thermal and mechanical analysis results. It suggests that lignin can be converted to effective alternative curing agents for epoxy thermosets.
Locomotor and skeletal muscle abnormalities in trembler J neuropathic mice
Authors: Falk Darin J. , Galatas Tori , Todd Adrian G. , Soto Elliott P. , Harris Andrew B. , Notterpek Lucia 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionPatients with hereditary peripheral neuropathies exhibit characteristic deformities of the hands and feet and have difficulty ambulating. To examine to what extent neuropathic animals recapitulate these deficits, we studied trembler J (TrJ) mice, which model early‐onset demyelinating neuropathy.MethodsA cohort of 4‐month‐old female wild type and neuropathic mice were evaluated for locomotor measurements, neuromuscular function, and skeletal muscle proteolysis and morphometry.ResultsUtilizing the DigiGait imaging system, we identified pronounced alterations in forepaw and hindpaw angles and a decrease in hindpaw area on the treadmill in neuropathic rodents. Torque production by the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle was significantly weakened and was paralleled by a decrease in myofiber cross‐sectional area and an increase in muscle tissue proteolysis.DiscussionOur findings in TrJ mice reflect the phenotypic presentation of the human neuropathy in which patients exhibit weakness of the TA muscle resulting in foot drop and locomotor abnormalities. Muscle Nerve 57: 664–671, 2018
An incidental finding of maternal multiple myeloma by non invasive prenatal testing
Authors: Imbert‐Bouteille Marion , Chiesa Jean , Gaillard Jean‐Baptiste , Dorvaux Véronique , Altounian Lucille , Gatinois Vincent , Mousty Eve , Finge Sanae , Bourquard Pascal , Vermeesch Joris Robert , Legius Eric , Vandenberghe Peter 
Published: October 2017

What is already known about this subject?

Non invasive prenatal testing for fetal trisomies 13, 18, and 21 occasionally identifies maternal cancer.
What does this study add?

A further case of maternal cancer incidentally diagnosed by routine NIPT.
Extensive NIPT abnormalities are unlikely to be of fetal origin.
Information given to patients should also adequately advise patients on potential incidental findings and might offer the option to opt out of receiving results beyond the trisomy report.
International guidelines would improve patient counseling.
Covalent fixed multicyclic polystyrene conformers
Authors: Jung Ji‐Hye , Kumar Mohanty Aruna , Ye Jihwa , Lee Taeheon , Ahn Junyoung , Lim Yeong‐Gweon , Chang Taihyun , Paik Hyun‐Jong 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTCovalent fixed multicyclic polystyrene conformers were synthesized from inconvertible polystyrene conformers based on p‐tert‐butylthiacalix[4]arene by azidation and subsequent click coupling. Selective 1D NOESY analyses confirmed that the spatial structures of star polystyrene precursors and multicyclic polystyrenes were preserved during the azidation and click coupling processes. The conformation of star polymers affected degree of decrease in the hydrodynamic volume after cyclization but had little effect on glass transition behavior. The rigid core of star polymer increased the Tg but in the case of multicyclic polymer, this influence of core structure was reduced. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 4020–4026
Enhanced interfacial interaction by grafting carboxylated‐macromolecular chains on nanodiamond surfaces for epoxy‐based thermosets
Authors: Zhang Yinhang , Park Soo‐Jin 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTA novel core‐shell‐structured carboxylated‐styrene butadiene rubber (XSBR)‐functionalized nanodiamond (ND‐XSBR) was synthesized and characterized. Epoxy (EP) nanocomposites toughened by pristine ND and ND‐XSBR were investigated and compared. The ND‐XSBR‐reinforced nanocomposite exhibited mechanical properties superior to those of the one filled by pristine ND. At a low‐filler loading, the ND‐XSBR exhibited an impressive toughening effect. The maximum flexural strength was shown when the filler loading was as low as 0.1 wt % for the EP/ND‐XSBR nanocomposite. Furthermore, enhanced fracture toughness and fracture energy were shown by surface functionalization, representing enhanced compatibility between the ND‐XSBR and EP matrix. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and storage modulus of the nanocomposites were studied, and the EP/ND‐XSBR0.1 nanocomposite exhibited the highest Tg owing to the stronger interfacial interaction. The EP/ND‐XSBR0.2 exhibited higher storage modulus and Tg than the EP/ND0.2, because the higher interfacial interaction can restrict the molecular mobility of the EP by the functionalized ND‐XSBR. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1890–1898
A Near‐Infrared Responsive Drug Sequential Release System for Better Eradicating Amyloid Aggregates
Authors: Ma Mengmeng , Gao Nan , Sun Yuhuan , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPolyphenol compounds, such as curcumin, rutin, rifampicin, can inhibit Aβ aggregation and decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS), and have received much attention in recent years for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. However, the excess metal ions in amyloid plaque can chelate to polyphenol compounds. It significantly declines the efficacy of polyphenol compounds when used in the clinic. In this report, a near‐infrared (NIR)‐caged upconversion responsive system UCNP@SiO2@Cur/CQ is designed and synthesized to control drug sequential release by regulating NIR laser. When the system is irradiated at low intensity of the NIR laser, the caged metal chelator, clioquinol (CQ), is first released for removing free metal ions, which affects the efficacy of curcumin. Subsequently, the strongly caged curcumin is released with increasing the intensity of NIR light. In this way, the treatment efficacy of curcumin is improved. This NIR‐caged drug release system can not only remove Cu2+ but also clean superfluous ROS. Therefore, developing controllable sequential drug releasing may provide clinical benefits of combination treatment of AD. To the best of our knowledge, this work reports for the first time that a sequentially controlled system can overcome the interference of metal ions on polyphenol compounds for AD treatment.