bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B020: Improved outcome for patients with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) neuroblastoma randomized to tandem myeloablative therapy on COG ANBL0532
Authors: Koneru Balakrishna , Burrow Trevor , McCoy Kristyn , Nance Jonas , Naranjo Arlene , Zhang Fan F. , Irwin Meredith S. , Park Julie R. , Reynolds C. Patrick 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background: Overall survival (OS) of high-risk neuroblastoma (HRNB) patients with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) tumors (∼23% of patients) is low. Event-free survival (EFS) of HRNB patients in COG ANBL0532 was higher for tandem relative to single ASCT.We sought to determine if ALT HRNB patients on ANBL0532 benefited from tandem ASCT. Methods:We assessed telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMM), defined as per Cancer Res 80:2663, 2020, in 204 primary tumors from ANBL0532 patients as TERT+ (high TERT mRNA), ALT (positive for telomeric DNA C-circle assay) or ultrabright telomere foci (UTF), or no TMM. Due to non-proportional hazards, survival comparisons used the Improved Two-Stage Procedure (J Stat Comput Simul. 2017; 87:1877). Results: TMM status was: ALT n=48 (23.5%), TERT+ n=140 (68.6%), TMM negative n=16 (7.8%). Patients with TERT+ tumors more frequently progressed early, but 8-year OS was superior for TERT+ compared to ALT (58.1±4.6% vs 41.6±8.2%; p=0.0007), while 8-year OS for TMM negative was 67.7±12.2%. The 8-year OS for TERT+ patients randomized to single (n=67) vs tandem (n=59) ASCT was 56.9±6.7% vs 71.8±6.5% (p=0.32) and for ALT patients randomized to single (n=20) vs tandem (n=19) ASCT was 26.9±11.5% vs 61.1±13.5% (p=0.011).For patients on ANBL0532 who received dinutuximab post-consolidation therapy, the 8-year OS for TERT+ patients who underwent single (n=52) vs tandem (n=43) ASCT was 53.5±7.6% vs 75.8±7.8% (p=0.10) while for ALT patients who underwent single (n=13) vs tandem (n=10) ASCT it was 23.1±14.3% vs 77.8±16.4% (p=0.022). Conclusions:As previously reported, patients with ALT HRNB have inferior OS relative to TERT+ HRNB.TMM negative HRNB patients had apparently higher OS than ALT or TERT+ but small numbers preclude formal analyses. OS was significantly improved in ALT HRNB by tandem ASCT.These data support use of tandem myeloablative therapy for patients with ALT neuroblastoma until effective targeted therapies become available.
Citation Format: Balakrishna Koneru, Trevor Burrow, Kristyn McCoy, Jonas Nance, Arlene Naranjo, Fan F. Zhang, Meredith S. Irwin, Julie R. Park, C. Patrick Reynolds. Improved outcome for patients with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) neuroblastoma randomized to tandem myeloablative therapy on COG ANBL0532 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2024 Sep 5-8; Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(17 Suppl):Abstract nr B020.
Abstract B029: Studies in human bone cell co-cultures reveal a potential mechanism underlying bone fractures in children treated with entrectinib and suggest a positive association with vitamin D
Authors: Ehnert Sabrina , Schulz Kevin A. , Cardenas Alison K. , Meneses-Lorente Georgina , Roth Adrian , Fürst-Recktenwald Sabine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction: Entrectinib, a NTRK, ROS1 and ALK inhibitor, approved in the US for adult patients with ROS1-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer and adult and pediatric patients older than 1 month of age with solid tumors that have a NTRK gene fusion, has been associated with the occurrence of bone fractures, particularly in pediatric patients. These fractures might be caused by an inhibition of signaling pathways relevant for bone development in children. Methods: To investigate the mechanism of the observed effect we used a suite of human bone cells representing both juvenile and adult bone physiology. These models were treated with Entrectinib and its major metabolite M5. Molecular as well as functional readouts were assessed to reveal the pathomechanism of the observed clinical findings. Results: Data showed, that Entrectinib induced a reduction of cellular markers of osteoblastic activity and a reduced formation of mineralized matrix. Conversely, Entrectinib had stimulating effects on osteoclast function indicative of bone resorption. 3D osteoblast-osteoclast cultures revealed decreased stiffness after Entrectinib treatment, confirming the cell signaling data. These findings were particularly pronounced in the absence of 17β-estradiol, characteristic for juvenile bone. Finally, pre-treatment with Vitamin D led to partially restored osteoblast function in vitro, while osteoclast function was suppressed. Conclusions: These experiments support the suspected on-target effect of Entrectinib underlying increased fractures in children with developing bone, offering potential mitigation strategies once these observations have been confirmed with clinical data.
Citation Format: Sabrina Ehnert, Kevin A. Schulz, Alison K. Cardenas, Georgina Meneses-Lorente, Adrian Roth, Sabine Fürst-Recktenwald. Studies in human bone cell co-cultures reveal a potential mechanism underlying bone fractures in children treated with entrectinib and suggest a positive association with vitamin D [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2024 Sep 5-8; Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(17 Suppl):Abstract nr B029.
Abstract IA016: Mapping microglia – tumor crosstalk in pediatric brain cancer
Authors: Ginhoux Florent , Pasqualini Claudia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The management of diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) is one of the greatest challenges in the field of pediatric oncology. Available treatments do not improve the poor survival rates, and preclinical research is struggling to find new targets that could have the potential to revolutionize the therapeutic approach. In most of the current preclinical tools, microglia and macrophages are not taken into account, despite being the most abundant immune players in the brain tumor microenvironment. To address this issue, we established neural organoids and macrophages (iMacs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from pediatric patients treated for DMG ("autologous immuno-organoids"). We have reprogrammed fibroblasts into iPSC from 9 children with DMG and generated autologous immuno-organoids for 4 of them. These "avatars" provide a unique preclinical model to which tumor cells from the same patient can be added, enabling us to better understand the crosstalk between the tumor and its immunological microenvironment, and to evaluate new immunotherapies. In particular, we show here that iMacs decrease tumor proliferation and tumor cell-invasion capability in neural organoids, with such effect reduced upon iMac depletion using CSF1R inhibitor treatment. Genes/signaling pathways identified by multi-omics analysis and validated at proteomic level show a reciprocal reprogramming of tumor cells and iMacs over time. Altogther, our approach reveals an unique tumor macrophage crosstalk that will be targeted by tailored immunotherapies or gene modification to validate their impact on tumor progression.
Citation Format: Florent Ginhoux, Claudia Pasqualini. Mapping microglia – tumor crosstalk in pediatric brain cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2024 Sep 5-8; Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(17 Suppl):Abstract nr IA016.
Abstract PR007: Persistent poverty is associated with risk of early mortality among children with cancer: An analysis of SEER data
Authors: Hymel Emma , Kabayundo Josiane , Napit Krishtee , Watanabe-Galloway Shinobu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives: Social determinants of health are understudied in the context of pediatric cancer. Persistent poverty, a measure developed by the National Cancer Institute and the US Department of Agriculture’s Economic Research Service, is defined as having 20% or more of an area’s population having lived below the poverty level for a period of about 30 years. The effect of persistent poverty on pediatric cancer outcomes is not well understood. Methods: This population-based longitudinal study uses data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-22 registries Incidence Data with Census Tract Attributes Database. All primary cases of malignant cancer diagnosed among children aged 0-19 at diagnosis from 2006-2020 were included. Early mortality was defined as death within three months of diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compute crude and adjusted hazard rations (aHRs) for the association between persistent poverty and early mortality. Based on a directed acyclic graph, models were also adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, cancer type, and rurality (defined using Rural Urban Commuting Area codes). Results: The study included 97,132 children; 12.63% resided in a persistent poverty census tract at diagnosis and 1.66% died within three months of diagnosis. In the adjusted model, living in a persistent poverty census tract was associated with a higher risk of early mortality (aHR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.10-1.45). Additionally, a higher risk of early mortality was observed among Non-Hispanic Black (aHR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.23-1.70), Non-Hispanic Asian and Pacific Islander (aHR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.15-1.68), and Hispanic children (aHR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.18-1.49) compared to Non-Hispanic White children. Children residing in rural areas also had a higher risk of death compared to children in urban areas (aHR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.11-1.50). In sensitivity analyses looking at the effect of persistent poverty on risk of death within one month of diagnosis, a similar effect size was observed (aHR=1.26, 95% CI: 1.07-1.48). Conclusions: Our study observed an increased risk of early mortality among children living in persistent poverty census tracts and among racial/ethnic minorities. Future studies should explore potential mediators of the association between persistent poverty and early mortality, including health insurance, treatment access, and individual-level socioeconomic status.
Citation Format: Emma Hymel, Josiane Kabayundo, Krishtee Napit, Shinobu Watanabe-Galloway. Persistent poverty is associated with risk of early mortality among children with cancer: An analysis of SEER data [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research; 2024 Sep 5-8; Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(17 Suppl):Abstract nr PR007.
Focal Pulsed Field Ablation for Premature Ventricular Contractions: A Multicenter Experience
Authors: Della Rocca Domenico Giovanni , Cespón-Fernández María , Keelani Ahmad , Raffa Santi , Pannone Luigi , Almorad Alexandre , Ströker Erwin , Borisov Georgi , Bala Gezim , Sieira Juan , Vetta Giampaolo , Alothman Obaida , Sorgente Antonio , Audiat Charles , Overeinder Ingrid , Frommhold Markus , Del Monte Alvise , La Meir Mark , Natale Andrea , Chierchia Gian-Battista , Geller J. Christoph , de Asmundis Carlo , Sarkozy Andrea , Doundoulakis Ioannis , Marcon Lorenzo , Monaco Cinzia , Lombardo Ilenia , Nakasone Kazutaka , Scacciavillani Roberto , Eltzov Ivan 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel technology for catheter-based atrial arrhythmia treatment. Evidence of its application for ventricular arrhythmia ablation is still limited. In this study, we describe the feasibility and efficacy of focal PFA for premature ventricular contraction (PVC) ablation.

METHODS:
A prospective cohort of 20 patients referred for PVC ablation at 2 centers was enrolled, regardless of the presence of structural heart disease, PVC morphology, or previous ablation attempts. All procedures were performed using the CENTAURI System in combination with contact force sensing catheters and 3-dimensional electroanatomical mapping systems. Energy output and the number of applications were left to the operator’s discretion.

RESULTS:

Eleven (55%) procedures were conducted under general anesthesia, 6 (30%) under deep sedation, and 3 (15%) under light sedation. Muscular contraction was observed in one case (5%). Median procedural and fluoroscopy times were 95.5 and 6.55 minutes, respectively. The median number of PFA applications was 8 with a median contact force of 10
g
. A statistically significant (76%) reduction was observed in mean peak-to-peak bipolar electrogram voltage before and after ablation (0.707 versus 0.098 mV;
P
=0.008). Ventricular irritative firing was observed in 11 (55%) patients after PFA. The median follow-up was 120 days. Acute procedural success was achieved in 17 of 20 (85% [95% CI, 0.70–1]) patients. Two of the patients with procedural failure had late success with >80% clinical PVC burden suppression during follow-up, and 2 of 17 patients with acute success had late PVC recurrence, which accounts for a total of 17 of 20 (85% [95% CI, 0.70–1]) patients with chronic success. Transient ST-segment depression occurred in 1 patient, and the right bundle branch block was induced in 2 others (permanently only in one case).

CONCLUSIONS:
PVC ablation using a focal PFA is feasible, effective, and safe, with promising acute and long-term results in several ventricular locations. Irritative firing is frequently observed. Coronary evaluation should be considered when targeting the outflow tract.
Optogenetic Functional Activation Is Detrimental During Acute Ischemic Stroke in Mice
Authors: Sugimoto Kazutaka , Chung David Y. , Fischer Paul , Takizawa Tsubasa , Qin Tao , Yaseen Mohammad A. , Sakadžić Sava , Ayata Cenk 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Functional activation of the focal ischemic brain has been reported to improve outcomes by augmenting collateral blood flow. However, functional activation also increases metabolic demand and might thereby worsen outcomes. Indeed, preclinical and clinical reports have been conflicting. Here, we tested the effect of functional activation during acute ischemic stroke using distal middle cerebral artery occlusion in anesthetized mice.

METHODS:
Using transgenic mice expressing channelrhodopsin-2 in neurons, we delivered functional activation using physiological levels of transcranial optogenetic stimulation of the moderately ischemic cortex (ie, penumbra), identified using real-time full-field laser speckle perfusion imaging during a 1-hour distal microvascular clip of the middle cerebral artery. Neuronal activation was confirmed using evoked field potentials, and infarct volumes were measured in tissue slices 48 hours later.

RESULTS:

Optogenetic stimulation of the penumbra was associated with more than 2-fold larger infarcts than stimulation of the contralateral homotopic region and the sham stimulation group (n=10, 7, and 9; 11.0±5.6 versus 5.1±4.3 versus 4.1±3.7 mm
3
;
P
=0.008, 1-way ANOVA). Identical stimulation in wild-type mice that do not express channelrhodopsin-2 did not have an effect. Optogenetic stimulation was associated with a small increase in penumbral perfusion that did not explain enlarged infarcts.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data suggest that increased neuronal activity during acute focal arterial occlusions can be detrimental, presumably due to increased metabolic demand, and may have implications for the clinical management of hyperacute stroke patients.
The Rabbinical Coalition of Libyan Jewry under the Leadership of Rabbi Eliyahu Bekhor Ḥazzan
Authors: Atia Ronel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The extent of a community rabbi’s ability to change the practices of his flock may be a reflection of his status. The stronger his status, the better he can effect change, even if his reform will replace prior practice. In this article, I present two examples in which the dayyanim (rabbinical judges) of the Jewish community in the late nineteenth century acted against Rabbi Ḥazzan during the latter’s term as the Ḥakham Bashi of the Jewish community in Libya. The examples, both dealing with Torah affairs, occurred in close temporal proximity and may be instructive of the atmosphere between Ḥazzan and part of the Jewish community at that time. Notably, shortly after these events, Rabbi Ḥazzan decided to resign his post and move on to a rabbinical position in the Alexandria community.
Why Prophesying Deliverance Still Matters
Authors: Sanders Cheryl J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper recognizes the 40th anniversary of the publication of Prophesy Deliverance! by Cornel West, and acknowledges the broad impact of his intellectual leadership. It begins with the important question of whether West has centered or marginalized Pentecostal thought and culture in the presentation of his basic argument regarding the evolution of Black critical thought and prophetic Christianity. Next is an exploration of how West’s ideas about Black revolutionary Christianity find expression in recent studies of Black Pentecostalism, with particular attention to the Pentecostal social imaginary framed by Dale Coulter and by Keri Day.
When Marx Caught the Holy Ghost
Authors: Sekou Osagyefo Uhuru 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In Prophesy Deliverance, Cornel West calls on Black liberation theologians to critical engage with Marxist thought. Instigated by Black Lives Matter movement, this article explores the convergence of Black Pentecostalism, Marxism, and liberation theology, highlighting their collective potential to address racial capitalism and systemic injustice. Drawing on Black existential thought, insurgent theologies, and Pentecostal praxis, it proposes a theology that is anti-capitalist, anti-imperialist, antiracist, and antisexist, emphasizing the lived experiences of the Black poor. It argues for a Black Pentecostal Liberation Theology that critiques racial, economic, and gender oppressions through a revolutionary Christian lens. This framework seeks to transcend the historical legacies of slavery and racial discrimination, advocating for a transformative praxis rooted in Black struggle and resistance.
Relation between serum sclerostin and CTRP3 levels and bone mineral density in diabetic postmenopausal women
Authors: Ahmad Inass Hassan , Elhamed Gbr Sally Said Abd , Ali El Naggar Basma Mohamed Mohamed , Abdelwahab Marwa Khairy , El-saghier Entesar Omar Ahmad , Mohammed Doaa Sayed , Mohamed Marwa Abdelmonim , Mohamed Maha S. , Ali Abd El-Rahim Marwa Mohamed M. , Attar Shahinaz El 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Osteoporosis (OP) is a common finding in diabetic patients especially high-risk populations such as postmenopausal women. Sclerostin is a glycoprotein chiefly secreted by mature osteocytes and is considered a main regulator of bone formation. The C1q/TNF-Related Protein 3 (CTRP3) was found to be significantly associated with OP in postmenopausal women. The effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on sclerostin and CTRP3 levels in postmenopausal women is rarely investigated. The present study aimed to assess the impact of T2DM on sclerostin and CTRP3 levels and their relation to OP in postmenopausal women.

Methods
The study included 60 postmenopausal women with T2DM and 60 age-matched postmenopausal non-diabetic women. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Serum levels of sclerostin and CTRP3 were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.

Results
Diabetic group expressed significantly higher serum levels of sclerostin when compared with non-diabetic group (110.0 ± 29.0 versus 51.5 ± 23.2 ng; p < 0.001). Oppositely, CTRP3 were significantly lower in the diabetic group (3.5 ± 3.5 versus 9.9 ± 3.7 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified HbA1c levels [OR (95% CI): 0.49 (0.26–0.93), p = 0.028], sclerotin levels [OR (95% CI): 1.06 (1.0-1.012), p = 0.041] and CTRP3 levels [OR (95%) CI: 1.64 (1.0-2.68), p = 0.047] as significant predictors of OP in diabetic patients.

Conclusions
Sclerostin and CTRP3 levels are involved in OP in postmenopausal diabetic patients.
Exploring the use of social network analysis methods in process improvement within healthcare organizations: a scoping review
Authors: Francis Troy , Davidson Morgan , Senese Laura , Jeffs Lianne , Yousefi-Nooraie Reza , Ouimet Mathieu , Rac Valeria , Trbovich Patricia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Communication breakdowns among healthcare providers have been identified as a significant cause of preventable adverse events, including harm to patients. A large proportion of studies investigating communication in healthcare organizations lack the necessary understanding of social networks to make meaningful improvements. Process Improvement in healthcare (systematic approach of identifying, analyzing, and enhancing workflows) is needed to improve quality and patient safety. This review aimed to characterize the use of SNA methods in Process Improvement within healthcare organizations.

Methods
Relevant studies were identified through a systematic search of seven databases from inception - October 2022. No limits were placed on study design or language. The reviewers independently charted data from eligible full-text studies using a standardized data abstraction form and resolved discrepancies by consensus. The abstracted information was synthesized quantitatively and narratively.

Results
Upon full-text review, 38 unique articles were included. Most studies were published between 2015 and 2021 (26, 68%). Studies focused primarily on physicians and nursing staff. The majority of identified studies were descriptive and cross-sectional, with 5 studies using longitudinal experimental study designs. SNA studies in healthcare focusing on process improvement spanned three themes: Organizational structure (e.g., hierarchical structures, professional boundaries, geographical dispersion, technology limitations that impact communication and collaboration), team performance (e.g., communication patterns and information flow among providers., and influential actors (e.g., key individuals or roles within healthcare teams who serve as central connectors or influencers in communication and decision-making processes).

Conclusions
SNA methods can characterize Process Improvement through mapping, quantifying, and visualizing social relations, revealing inefficiencies, which can then be targeted to develop interventions to enhance communication, foster collaboration, and improve patient safety.