bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of austenitic stainless steel weld joint by using the analytical hierarchy process
Authors: Gope A , Mukherjee A , Chatterjee B , Hasan M , Das S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, gas metal arc welding (GMAW) is getting used more and more in many manufacturing and fabrication industries due to its good quality welding possibility maintaining productivity. Automatic servo controlled wire feed system makes the weld material deposition rate uniform requiring less skill of the operator. Even higher end mechanization, automation or robotization is possible with the use of GMAW system. Among several types of welding processes, people always try to find appropriate, simple, effective and reliable process in which many variables can be possible to adjust, and from those, Gas Metal arc Welding is much favoured. For its suitability, it is important to control its parameter for various types of materials. So, for optimizing this process, the simple method named the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be employed. In this work, an attempt is made to optimize welding parameters in GMAW by making butt joints on 4 mm thick austenitic stainless steel (304L) using CO2 as active gas. Furthermore, Visual inspection and Dye Penetration test for examining defects have been done. Weld bead geometry of the welded joints is examined with the help of optical microscope to find the best welding parameters through the Analytical Hierarchy Process.
Identification of causes of resource waste during concrete processes - Case study
Authors: Špak Matej , Spišáková Marcela , Kozlovská Mária 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The reduction of wasted resources presents an important part of the lean construction principle. This article is focused on the identification of the causes of resource waste during the realization of concrete structures. Resources are divided into groups containing materials, human sources as well as building devices. The starting point for solutions is the analysis of risks in the concreting process for particular resource groups. Input data is obtained from realized concrete structures, in the form of a structured interview and many visits to the construction site. The problem is solved on case studies of selected building. The aim of the research is to point out the waste of resources by identifying possible project risks during concreting processes as well as to identify the possible causes and consequences in the realization of concrete constructions. The paper pointed out the risks associated with production of fresh concrete, formwork and transport of concrete. At the same time, paper has identified the application of permanent formwork elements as one of the possible approaches to material wastage within lean production. The waste of resources, whether material, human or devices, can be significantly reduced by thoroughly identifying the causes.
Monitoring Design Buzz: A Visual BIM-Based Approach
Authors: Abou-Ibrahim Hisham , Lappalainen Eelon , Oraskari Jyrki , Aliheidarloo Atoosa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The requirements of modern buildings have increased the complexity of design, where several systems need to be developed and coordinated simultaneously. Although BIM has improved the construction process, it has also led to increased information size generated by each discipline, which complicates the monitoring and control of the process. Several tools allow the one-to-one comparison of BIM model versions to reveal progress aspects related to location, geometry, and property changes. Although these tools are beneficial, current platforms do not document progress over time or reveal the zones in the BIM model where design efforts are exercised. This study develops an artefact that (1) tracks changes in model versions over time, (2) categorises them based on location and recency, and (3) visualises the progress while showing the areas having the main design buzz. The visual artefact is expected to increase process transparency among different disciplines, promote concurrent engineering by carefully managing design works in selected zones, enhance the control of design progress against a pre-set schedule, and support takt production by linking current design work to the information needs of takt areas.
Charting the Exoskeleton Industry: A Comprehensive Insight into Dynamics and Trends
Authors: Al-Khiami M I , Lindhard S M , Wandahl S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) emerge amongst the main causes of early retirement, absenteeism, and loss of productivity in construction and broader industrial sectors, particularly due to repetitive and challenging tasks performed by workers often in non-optimal postures. The situation presses the industrial sector towards a paradigm shift in its traditional practices promoting social sustainability. Exoskeletons, devices designed to support the human body during work, are considered a prominent technology in mitigating WMSDs. Recognizing their potential, necessitates a thorough examination of the current landscape of exoskeleton production. A descriptive methodological approach, encompassing a review of industry reports, academic literature, and market analysis was conducted. The findings have revealed 132 distinct exoskeleton models distributed across 22 countries amongst 72 companies and a growing interest in exoskeleton manufacturing. Notably, 33% of the exoskeleton models targets the healthcare sector while 66% targets the industrial sector. Though, the industrial sector is more diversified, including various sub-sectors, of which the percentage of models none exceeding 16%. Despite 14% of the models claiming support for the construction sector, all are broadly applicable and not specifically tailored to its unique demands. This is also true to other sub-sectors. Additionally, most of the exoskeleton models are designed to support the back, followed by the upper extremities. These findings emphasize the need for sector-specific exoskeleton solutions to enhance worker safety and productivity, thereby supporting the transition towards socially sustainable industrial practices. It also allows for manufacturers to gain a consensus of the market and identify the gaps needed within this technology.
Towards an artificial intelligence model for the automated prediction of building value
Authors: Rubinstein Simon , Witt Emlyn , Ullah Kaleem 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Property markets are volatile, necessitating the constant recalculation of property values for a variety of reasons including for the efficient design and construction of buildings. This research is aimed at the automation of the property valuation process using Artificial Intelligence. In a three-part research effort, a Multiple Criteria Decision Method (MCDM) approach using Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) is first applied to predict the property value of new residential units on the basis of a comprehensive list of building characteristic variables identified as relevant for describing a particular property type (in the test case, terraced houses). For initial testing and validation of the valuation prediction calculations, the weights and values of criteria are determined through experts’ opinions and the estimated value of a test property is derived. This first part of the research is described in this report. The second phase of the research involves the automatic acquisition of the variables’ values for any building from the recently digitalised Estonian Building Register. The third part of the research focuses on replacing the need for experts’ opinions of the relative importance weightings of variables through the use of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model which is to be trained on existing and continuously refined on new property transaction price data and property characteristics from building permit applications and existing building registers. Parts two and three of this research are still to be carried out and they are outlined in this research paper. It is anticipated that this research will lead to greater efficiency and sustainability through better alignment between building design, construction and market-based property values.
Collaborative project delivery and team performance during design and construction of a complex Norwegian swimming facility
Authors: Narum K , Kals P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Construction projects are experiencing an increase in complexity, and elevated emphasis on sustainability. The industry has much potential with regards to optimizing value creation and improving collaboration. This is especially true for large and transformative projects with significant complexity and uncertainty. Collaborative project delivery methods (CDMs) aim to optimize value creation through integrating inter-organizational participants towards collaboration for a common goal. There is a need for more research on the relationship between CDM elements and team performance. This paper seeks to fill the research gap through a longitudinal case study of the two-stage CDM of complex Norwegian swimming facility. The study was conducted through two months of daily observations, a document study, and twenty semi-structured interviews in the construction phase and operations phase with personnel from the client, architect, consultant and contractor. Contractual elements included early contractor involvement, procurement emphasising collaboration, target cost with shared bonus/malus, and open book, while organizational elements included integrated management, active client involvement, elevated levels of involvement of architects, consultants and subcontractors in collaboration, a co-located team, integrated project controls and collaborative workshops. Cultural elements included mutual goals, equitability and trust. In stage 1 on the CDM, team performance was challenging in the early stage during concept selection and the late stage during the negotiation of a target cost for stage 2. In stage 2, team performance was challenging during the construction of technical installations, and the reaching of a final settlement. To ensure optimal team performance in collaborative projects, it is recommended to involve key participants sufficiently early, have reasonable and mutually understood risk allocation in the target cost, and an active client leadership and integrated steering committee that ensures recruitment of collaborative personnel and the establishment and sustenance of a collaborative project culture.
Complexity in sports facility construction projects
Authors: Ørke J C , Torp O , Malvik T O 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Sports facilities in Norway are often built by sports clubs. In such cases, the project team often lack competence and experience with planning, design, and construction. Complexity is a challenge in many construction projects and is frequently used to explain why projects went wrong. It is, therefore, relevant to assess the magnitude of complexity in sports facility projects and how this complexity should be managed. Such insight will help project teams carry out successful sports facility projects, ensuring the best use of the available resources and as much utility value as possible for the sports community. The purpose of the research was to increase knowledge about complexity in the management of sports facility projects. The paper was based on “model sports facilities” from the website godeidrettsanlegg.no. A workshop, a literature review and a survey were conducted. As a result, the Project Complexity and Risk Assessment tool was found to be a suitable framework for internal measurement of complexity, while simpler frameworks might be more suitable for external, statistical use. Our study indicates that sports facility construction projects have a high level of complexity. Lacking qualifications seems to be a cause of this, indicating that ensuring sufficient qualifications in project management is one of the best measures to handle the complexity.
Lean Construction Principles in Practice: Continuous Improvement in the Norwegian Construction Industry
Authors: Amdal Håkon , Drevland Frode 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the role of continuous improvement in the Norwegian construction industry, focusing on the strategies, methods, and challenges faced by the country’s largest contractors. The study uses a qualitative survey methodology, including semi-structured interviews with key personnel. The findings show that all surveyed contractors engage in continuous improvement, with strategies stemming from self-developed business systems, training for skill development, and a culture of improvement. However, there are significant gaps between strategic intentions and practical implementation, influenced by cultural, organizational, and resource-related factors. The paper concludes that a more integrated and systematic approach to continuous improvement is needed to effectively address the industry’s enduring challenges.
Value-adding collaborative design and construct sustainability work practices on increasingly complex AEC projects
Authors: Kestle L , Day A , Puolitaival T 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
There is a good amount of research on how collaborative design and delivery practices, such as design & build, integrated project delivery and alliances can help in achieving project goals, sustainability among other things. Although the understanding of these collaborative practices and their advantages has increased, a large part of construction projects are still conventional, design-bid-build projects. The industry is fragmented not only when it comes to separating the design stage from construction, but also when it comes to the number of subcontractors and suppliers in projects. This situation is not going to change any time soon, rather it looks the opposite. Construction projects are becoming more and more complex requiring companies to specify their expertise to a certain design, manufacturing or installation aspect. This is a discovery and theory-led case study that explores key problems and opportunities, and illustrates how theories are applied and adapted, or adopted, in a real-life setting. The focus is on how a top tier main contracting company in New Zealand is changing its practices to be more collaborative by involving the design and construct teams, the client and stakeholders, on a regular workshop basis at the pre-construction design stages in particular. The research question is “How to use collaborative design and delivery practices at the preconstruction and construction stages to achieve a circular economy?” The vision and aim is to explore-with project examples-alternative insightful design strategies, reduce waste to landfill, associated costs, as well as enhancing the environmental impacts on the community. One of the introduced tools so far is an Environment in Design (EiD) register, in conjunction with resource sorter training, and recording all waste data, to achieve the main contractor and key stakeholders’ sustainability goals.
A comprehensive review on organ-on-chips as powerful preclinical models to study tissue barriers
Authors: Filiz Yagmur , Esposito Alessio , De Maria Carmelo , Vozzi Giovanni , Yesil-Celiktas Ozlem 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the preclinical stage of drug development, 2D and 3D cell cultures under static conditions followed by animal models are utilized. However, these models are insufficient to recapitulate the complexity of human physiology. With the developing organ-on-chip (OoC) technology in recent years, human physiology and pathophysiology can be modeled better than traditional models. In this review, the need for OoC platforms is discussed and evaluated from both biological and engineering perspectives. The cellular and extracellular matrix components are discussed from a biological perspective, whereas the technical aspects such as the intricate working principles of these systems, the pivotal role played by flow dynamics and sensor integration within OoCs are elucidated from an engineering perspective. Combining these two perspectives, bioengineering applications are critically discussed with a focus on tissue barriers such as blood-brain barrier, ocular barrier, nasal barrier, pulmonary barrier and gastrointestinal barrier, featuring recent examples from the literature. Furthermore, this review offers insights into the practical utility of OoC platforms for modeling tissue barriers, showcasing their potential and drawbacks while providing future projections for innovative technologies.
Design and investigation of gaussian doped junction free SMDG and TMDG-TFET for analog/RF applications
Authors: R Tamilarasi , S Karthik 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This research investigates four variants of Gaussian Doped (GD) Double Gate Single Material and Tri-Material Junction-Free Tunnel-Field-Effect-Transistors (GD-DG-JF-TFETs) to optimize their performance in analog and RF applications. The analysis is conducted using the Sentaurus Synopsis TCAD simulation tool, reveals a Subthreshold Swing (SS) as low as 38 mV/dec, exceptionally higher cut-off-frequency (f

t
) and maximum-oscillation-frequency (

f

max

) of 516 GHz and 895 GHz, respectively. The proposed TMDG-JF-TFET enhances band-to-band tunneling between the drain and source regions, resulting in an extremely low-off-state-current (I
off) of 9.6 fA and large-on-state current (I
ON) of 6.7 mA in Permittivity of high-k (HfO
2 = 25) and low-k (SiO
2 = 3.8) based structures.Compared to conventional SMDG technologies, the TMDG structures exhibits 36% reduction in SS, a 16% improvement in f

t
, an 18% enhancement in

f

max

and 17% increase in I
ON. These improvements demonstrate that TMDG-based TFETs are superior devices for ultra-low-power-integrated-circuit-applications.
Role of surface grain refinement in AZ31 Mg alloy by shot peening on surface energy, biomineralization and degradation behavior
Authors: Graddala Suresh Babu , V Chittaranjan Das 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Grain refinement of magnesium (Mg) alloys to improve their performance as potential candidates for degradable implant applications is a promising strategy in the field of materials engineering. Surface properties play an important role in promoting higher implant tissue interactions which dictate the healing rate of the fractured bone. In the present work, AZ31 Mg alloy was subjected to shot peening by using steel balls of 2 mm diameter. From the microstructural studies carried out at the cross section, fine grain structure was observed up to 50 μm depth from the surface. Grain refinement up to ∼1.5 μm was achieved at the surface of shot peened AZ31. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the development of non-basal texture at the surface. Increased surface energy was measured by contact angle measurements for the shot peened AZ31. Higher hardness was measured from the surface in the thickness direction of the AZ31 after shot peening. Corrosion behavior assessed by potentiodynamic polarization tests indicated marginally increased corrosion resistance for shot peened AZ31. In vitro bioactivity studies carried out in simulated body fluids demonstrated higher mineral depositions and lower weight loss for the surface grain refined AZ31. The results demonstrate the potential of shot peening to promote higher biomineralization and to control the degradation in improving the performance of biodegradable AZ31 Mg alloy.
Comparative analysis of optimization approaches for combined economic emission dispatch- a comprehensive review
Authors: Khlaif Rafid Zidan , Atyia Thamir Hassan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This comprehensive review explores a range of optimization approaches for Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED), covering conventional, non-conventional, and hybrid techniques. CEED is critical in minimizing economic costs and emissions while ensuring power system reliability. Traditional methods focus on cost minimization but overlook environmental considerations. Optimization techniques address this gap by simultaneously optimizing economic and environmental objectives. Hybrid techniques, combining multiple algorithms or integrating renewable energy, further enhance CEED performance. The review evaluates these approaches’ strengths and limitations, considering factors like computational efficiency and solution accuracy. Over the past few decades, a great deal of study has been done on the use of renewable energy (RE) as an alternative source in power generation systems. As a result, the power dispatch problem currently uses the Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED) of thermal and renewable energy resources. It discusses the potential of hybrid techniques and take in consideration renewable energy integration in achieving cost savings and emission reductions, highlighting areas for future research.
SCIntRuler: guiding the integration of multiple single-cell RNA-seq datasets with a novel statistical metric
Authors: Lyu Yue , Lin Steven H , Wu Hao , Li Ziyi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Motivation
The growing number of single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) studies highlights the potential benefits of integrating multiple datasets, such as augmenting sample sizes and enhancing analytical robustness. Inherent diversity and batch discrepancies within samples or across studies continue to pose significant challenges for computational analyses. Questions persist in practice, lacking definitive answers: Should we use a specific integration method or opt for simply merging the datasets during joint analysis? Among all the existing data integration methods, which one is more suitable in specific scenarios?

Result
To fill the gap, we introduce SCIntRuler, a novel statistical metric for guiding the integration of multiple scRNA-seq datasets. SCIntRuler helps researchers make informed decisions regarding the necessity of data integration and the selection of an appropriate integration method. Our simulations and real data applications demonstrate that SCIntRuler streamlines decision-making processes and facilitates the analysis of diverse scRNA-seq datasets under varying contexts, thereby alleviating the complexities associated with the integration of heterogeneous scRNA-seq datasets.

Availability and implementation
The implementation of our method is available on CRAN as an open-source R package with a user-friendly manual available: https://cloud.r-project.org/web/packages/SCIntRuler/index.html