bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite element study of the acetabulum in cemented hip arthroplasty investigating retention or removal of the subchondral bone plate
Authors: Tanner K. Elizabeth , Svensson Ingrid , Samuelsson Fredrik , Flivik Gunnar 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe importance of the subchondral bone plate of the acetabulum when preparing the pelvis for a cemented acetabular cup during total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been investigated using finite element analysis. The effect of retaining or removing the subchondral bone plate and the use of anchoring holes are compared. Loading was applied via both hip joint contact force and the activity of up to 22 muscles at five stages through the load bearing phase of the gait cycle. Removing the subchondral bone plate leads to decreased stresses in the cancellous bone and slightly increased stresses in the cortical shell superior to the acetabulum. The differences between the two cases are small, nevertheless there are indications that removal of the subchondral bone plate reduces the stresses. Increasing the cement penetration depth leads to a slightly more rigid structure, due to cement penetrating the cancellous bone. Adding anchoring holes moves the position of the highest cancellous bone strains from the bone-cement interface into the cancellous bone. Thus removal of the subchondral bone plate should lead to an increased potential for cement penetration into the cancellous bone which should be beneficial for cup fixation and thus improve long term implant survival.
Solvation of Some Tetraalkylammonium Salts Investigated Conductometrically and Viscometrically in Binary Mixtures of Acetonitrile + Methanol at 298.15 K
Authors: Anand Hardeep , Verma Renu 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Molar conductances and viscosities of some tetraalkylammonium perchlorate salts (R4NClO4 where R=methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl) have been measured in the concentration range (30–500)×10−4 M in the binary mixtures of acetonitrile (AN)+methanol (MeOH) containing 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mol% methanol at 298.15 K. Conductance data was analyzed by the Shedlovsky equation and the viscosity data by Jones–Dole equation. The limiting ionic conductances (λ
o
±) were used to calculate the solvated radii (r

i
) of the ions. The A and B coefficients of the Jones–Dole equation are positive in all salts. The A coefficients are in reasonably good agreement with the limiting theoretical values (Aη) calculated using Falkenhagen–Vernon equation. The variation of the actual solvated radii (r

i
) as well as the ionic B
± coefficients with solvent composition in AN+MeOH mixtures shows the preferential solvation of tetraalkylammonium ions by methanol-rich region of the mixtures. The extent of solvation of the tetraalkylammonium ions is in the order Me4N+>Et4N+>Pr4N+>Bu4N+.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PERIKANAN TANGKAP BERBASIS BUDIDAYA DI WADUK: STUDI KASUS INTRODUKSI IKAN BANDENG (Chanos chanos) DI WADUK SEMPOR, KABUPATEN KEBUMEN, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Umar Chairulwan , Aisyah Aisyah , Kartamihardja Endi Setiadi 
Published: October 2016

<p>Perikanan tangkap berbasis budidaya adalah upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan produktivitas alami perairan melalui konversi sumberdaya makanan alami menjadi biomassa ikan tanpa merusak lingkungan. Upaya tersebut adalah upaya yang sangat ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan. Dalam kasus ini, produktivitas makanan alami yang tersedia di perairan waduk dimanfaatkan oleh ikan bandeng (<em>Chanos chanos</em>) menjadi biomasa ikan sehingga meningkatkan hasil tangkapan nelayan di perairan waduk Sempor, Kabupaten Kebumen, Jawa Tengah. Untuk mengoptimalkan produktivitas perairan waduk Sempor dalam memproduksi ikan secara berkelanjutan diperlukan strategi pengembangan yang meliputi: penebaran ikan bandeng secara berkala sesuai target ikan yang dipanen; penggalangan dana penebaran dari retribusi hasil tangkapan bandeng; penggunaan alat tangkap gill-net dan jala dengan ukuran mata jaring sesuai ukuran ikan bandeng target; pembinaan kelompok nelayan (kelompok pengawas, kelompok pengolah dan pemasaran); pengembangan pengelolaan perikanan secara partisipatif dan terpadu. Perikanan tangkap berbasis budidaya ikan bandeng adalah salah satu opsi peningkatan produksi ikan yang direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan di perairan waduk lain yang memiliki karakteristik limnologi yang sama dengan waduk Sempor.</p>
HERITABILITAS, RESPON SELEKSI DAN GENOTIP DENGAN RAPD PADA IKAN NILA F3 (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Gustiano Rudhy , Kusmini Irin Iriana , Iskandariah Iskandariah , Arifin Otong Zenal , Huwoyon Gleny Hasan , Ath-thar Muhammad Hunaina Fariduddin 
Published: October 2016

Seleksi pada ikan nila merupakan salah satu upaya untuk menghasilkan induk unggul agar produksi lebih efisien dan keuntungan meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi heritabilitas, respon seleksi dan genotip yang diperoleh pada seleksi ikan nila F3. Pembentukan F3 berasal dari anakan yang diperoleh dari hasil pemijahan 17 pasang induk F2 ikan nila yang tidak sekerabat. Benih-benih dipelihara hingga ukuran 3-4 cm (2-3 g) dan dilakukan pemilihan untuk menyeragamkan ukuran. Pengujian keragaan dilakukan dalam 16 waring berukuran 2 m x 2 m x 1,5 m dengan kepadatan 400 ekor ikan per waring selama lima bulan. Untuk analisis genotip digunakan F1, F2, dan F3 dengan masing-masing populasi diambil sepuluh contoh. Hasil ekstraksi DNA dianalisis dengan RAPD menggunakan primer OPA-2, OPA-3, dan OPC-5. Seleksi yang dilakukan memperlihatkan adanya respon seleksi pada F3 sebesar 16,9 g (15,73%) untuk jantan dan 10,0 g (10,62%) untuk betina. Sedangkan untuk realized heritability pada F3 adalah 0,39 untuk jantan dan 0,29 untuk betina. Secara total perolehan perbaikan bobot atau respon seleksi ikan jantan F3 dibandingkan dengan F1 adalah sebesar 31,1 g (28,95%). Sedangkan untuk ikan betina diperoleh nila sebesar 6,4 g (10,20%). Analisis DNA menunjukkan bahwa populasi F3 berbeda nyata secara genetik dibandingkan F2 dan F1. Penurunan nilai polimorfisme dan heterozigositas juga teramati pada keturunan hasil seleksi. Berdasarkan indikator yang ada, seleksi dapat diteruskan menggunakan pasangan induk yang lebih banyak dengan rotational mating, dan perlu dibentuk famili untuk meningkatkan keragaman.
ANALISIS KERAGAAN PERTUMBUHAN BENIH KERAPU HIBRIDA HASIL HIBRIDISASI KERAPU MACAN (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) DENGAN KERAPU KERTANG (Epinephelus lanceolatus) DAN KERAPU BATIK (Epinephelus microdon)
Authors: Sutarmat Tatam , Yudha Hirmawan Tirta 
Published: October 2016

<p>Analisis keragaan pertumbuhan benih ikan kerapu terdiri atas panjang, bobot, laju dan koefisien pertumbuhan, sintasan, dan faktor kondisi; merupakan aspek biologi yang penting diketahui dari kandidat ikan budidaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan panjang bobot, pertumbuhan, sintasan, konversi pakan, serta faktor kondisi benih ikan kerapu hibrida hasil hibridisasi kerapu macan (<em>Epinephelus fuscoguttatus</em>) dengan kerapu kertang dan kerapu batik (<em>Epinephelus microdon</em>). Benih hibrida yang digunakan terdiri atas kerapu hibrida cantang (kerapu macan x kerapu kertang ), kerapu hibrida cantik (kerapu macan x kerapu batik ), serta kerapu macan (kerapu macan x kerapu macan ) sebagai kontrol. Dengan ukuran panjang dan bobot awal masing-masing antara 10-12 cm dan 22-35 g/ekor. Benih dipelihara dalam sembilan buah jaring ukuran 2 m x 2 m x 2 m di keramba jaring apung (KJA) dengan padat penebaran benih uji sebanyak 250 ekor/jaring. Hasil akhir penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara panjang dengan bobot pada kerapu hibrida cantang, cantik maupun kerapu macan dengan nilai koefisien korelasi masing-masing adalah 0,933; 0,884; dan 0,787. Pertumbuhan dari ketiga benih ikan kerapu bersifat allometri negatif, dengan nilai b 2,533; 2,896; dan 2,546. Pada kerapu hibrida cantang, laju pertumbuhan dan koefisien pertumbuhannya lebih besar dibandingkan dengan benih kerapu yang lainnya. Hasil perkawinan silang juga berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap konversi pakan, serta sintasan ikan yang dihasilkan. Faktor kondisi ikan kerapu hibrida cantang adalah 2,80; sedangkan pada kerapu hibrid cantik dan kerapu macan masing-masing adalah 2,12 dan 2,10.</p>
SPESIES ASING SEBAGAI SALAH SATU PEMBATAS DALAM BUDIDAYA COPEPODA PADA BAK TERKONTROL
Authors: Nugraha Media Fitri Isma , Sumiarsa Gede Suwarthama 
Published: October 2016

Copepoda adalah golongan crustacean yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pakan alami untuk larva ikan. Secara umum copepoda tergolong dalam empat ordo yaitu Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida, dan Monstrilidae. Di Balai Besar Riset Perikanan Budidaya Laut, Gondol, Copepoda yang dibudidayakan adalah jenis Harpacticoida yaitu Tisbe sp. yang pemeliharaannya dikerjakan dalam bak terkontrol. Copepod ini diberi pakan berupa fitoplankton, scoot’s emulsion, pelet ikan, dan ragi, serta sedikit penambahan probiotik. Pembatas selama budidaya adalah sulitnya produksi naupli copepoda secara massal, hal ini dikarenakan waktu bertelur yang tidak seragam antara individu copepoda, sehingga tidak bisa ditentukan waktu yang tepat untuk panen nauplii secara besarbesaran. Pembatas kedua adalah lambatnya reproduksi copepoda yaitu 14 hari jika dibandingkan dengan rotifer yang hanya dua hari. Pembatas ketiga adalah adanya spesies asing atau predator yang menyerang copepoda pada kondisi tertentu, seperti tingginya nutrisi pakan pada bak pemeliharaan.
Gas Production Optimization for Two Offshore Fields Based on Integreted Model
Authors: Karmazin Maxim S. , Yushkov Anton Yu. , Skvortsov Dmitriy O. , Buchinskiy Stanislav V. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article describes how to build an integrated model of two fields in order to optimize gas production. It also describes how to find an optimal gas production ratio between the two fields producing into a single collection point, and the basic details and system limitations in carrying out this type of work. The result will be a tool that allows solving optimization tasks.
Horizontal Wells Permanent Downhole Monitoring to Optimize Carbonate Reservoir Development
Authors: Morozov O. N. , Andriyanov M. A. , Koloda A. V. , Shpakov A. A. , Melnikov S. I. , Simakov A. E. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The paper describes an approach implemented for horizontal wells permanent monitoring to optimize development of carbonate reservoir based on the Prirazlomnoye oil field case study. Technology and results of production and injection wells hydrodynamic monitoring are shown in detail.
The described hydrodynamic monitoring technology allowed confirming geological structure of the deposit, to identify pressure communication between injection and production wells and to improve efficiency of development system.
Features of Horizontal Well Production in Unconsolidated Sands with High Viscosity Oil
Authors: Gaidukov L. A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This paper describes the specifics of oil production and the recommendations developed for the operation of horizontal wells (hereinafter Hz wells) in unconsolidated reservoirs with highly viscous oil with the purpose to increase the efficiency of reserves recovery, based on the interpretation of pilot project results.
Complex Approach to the Identification of Profitable Hard-to-Recover Oil Rims in Multilayer Reservoirs
Authors: Osipenko A. S. , Kovalenko I. V. , Elizarov O. I. , Tretyakov S. V. , Karachev A. A. , Nitkaliev I. M. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
One of the key points during planning phase of multilayers field development by using horizontal wells is technical implementation evaluation at concept stage.
The concept of field plan development of reservoirs underlying under each other of East-Messoyakha field allows determining cost-effective productive formations using horizontal and multi-laterals wells with multistage hydraulic-fracturing stimulation. The ranking (or prioritization) of reserves was conducted through the concept study. The priority and secondary reserves for development were determined. There are different types of development systems including regular and selective were studied by using analytical methods, sector simulation and full-scale hydrodynamic simulation. The technical implementation evaluation was conducted at each step including usage of horizontal wells, multilateral wells and different types of dual-completion technology.
The results of this performed work are a program for realization next research study and identification of pilot projects in profitable oilfield areas using development system with horizontal wells and multi-laterals wells, dual-completion technologies with considering drilling risks. As well the total planned drilled footage was optimized by using the designed well pads of main overlying reservoir PK1-3.
The team work of reservoir engineers and wellbore planning engineers at the stage of the conceptual engineering of multilayer deposits allows determining optimal development option with maximum reserves recovery and minimum wells cost. Owing to described in paper methodology for integrated-structured development systems group selection is able to involve about 80% of underlying reserves to cost-effective development which were non profitable by using separate scenarios.
At the first stage of full-scale development or Pilot Project the recommended approach will allow correcting the development of multilayer deposits without geological or flow dynamic re-simulation, in case of reservoir structure concept changes. Furthermore, the results of analytical methods and sector modeling will allow finding optimum values in case the initial economic parameters change, i.e., the value of capital expenditures for drilling phase.
Selection of the Best Development Scenario for the Thin Oil Rim with Reservoir Pressure Maintenance System Involving Gas Injection into the Gas Cap. Case Study: West Masssoyakha PK 1-3 Horizon.
Authors: Zolotukhin Alexey Alexandrovich , Salikhov Marat Ranifovich 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In development of oil and gas formations with an extensive gas-cap, development of the thin oil rim less than eight meters thick is the most challenging process. Furthermore, gas-saturated thickness exceeds manyfold oil-saturated thickness and ranges from 35 to 45 meters.
In these conditions, oil production is accompanied by substantial volumes of associated gas (AG) which makes AG utilization critical, since volume of gas produced is excessive for own use and insufficient for monetization.
Quantitative Evaluation of Interaction Between CO2 and Micro-Nano Pore-Throat-Fracture System of Supercritical CO2 Flood in Unconventional Tight Sandstone Reservoir
Authors: Wang Chen , Li Tiantai , Gao Yuan 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Supercritical CO2 flooding in unconventional tight sandstone reservoir is characterised as the complex changeable and irregular effects on the properties of crude oil and the system of pore-throat-fracture in formation. In the light of the above problems, being aimed at a typical unconventional tight sandstone reservoir, such a new thinking and methods as the methods of combining multiple experiment and test measurements, the methods from qualitative analysis to quantitative evaluation, the methods from phenomenon observation to essence revelation, and the methods from data statistics and analyzing to representation model setting up are putforwarded and used to study those problems comprehensively. In the CO2 displacement process, asphaltene, resin, and paraffin are easily to be separated out from crude oil. Meanwhile, pore throats in rock formation can be blocked by the precipitate. In addition, when CO2was dissolved into formation water, PH value of the formation water was changed to be weakly acidic which has a certain dissolution for part of mineral composition of formation core, increasing the pore volume of reservoir. This article will launch the quantitative evaluation of the effects on these two factors on the pore throat system. By changing the experimental conditions to determine the amount of asphalt component in the core during whole experiment, then using the advanced and reasonable test technology to analysis the result after the experiment. The results showed that the recovery ratio of kerosene and oil increased with changing the experimental conditions. The recovery of kerosene raised with increasing pressure and volume. The increased range permeability of nature core rised the highest (6.7%) when the pressure was 26 MPa; The main reason for this phenomenon is acidification in the system of pore-throat-fracture. Less than 26 Mpa, the recovery of kerosene raised with increasing pressure. The amount of asphaltene deposition reached the greatest (51.3%) when the pressure was 29 Mpa. The decreased range of core permeability reduced the lowest (31%) when the pressure was 29 Mpa. The amount of asphaltene deposition and the decreased range of core permeability increased first and then reduced with increasing injection pressure and injection volume of CO2.
Technology Design of Efficient Utilization of Associated Petroleum Gas APG and Possibilities of Its Realization by Pump-Booster and Pump-Ejector Systems
Authors: Verbitsky Vladimir S. , Igrevsky Leonid V. , Fedorov Aleksei E. , Goridko Kirill A. , Gubkin Aleksei V. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
One of the negative factors that reduce the oil industry efficiency in Russia is the problem of flaring of associated petroleum gas (APG) in flares. In this article complex issue of APG rational use is described as illustrated by one of hydrocarbon field of Russia. Tasks of research were chosen based on a detailed study of the field infrastructure and geological and physical characteristics of the design this formation. It was done to design SWAG technology with simultaneous gas withdrawal from the low pressure separation stages, respectively to reduce flaring APG.
3D Numerical Simulation of Pressure/Temperature Dynamics in Well with Fracture
Authors: Pityuk Yu. A. , Davletbayev A. Ya. , Musin A. A. , Marin D. F. , Seltikova E. V. , Zarafutdinov I. A. , Kovaleva L. A. , Fursov G. A. , Nazargalin E. R. , Mustafin D. A. 
Published: October 2016

Resume
Interpretation of well testing data allows one to estimate the reservoir state and to choose the corresponding well interventions. However, pressure transient test does not provide detailed information about the state of bottomhole formation zone. One of the methods to increase the number of defined parameters is consideration of temperature dynamics in flowing or shut-in well.
The goal of the present work is development of program code for numerical study of temperature and pressure in production and injection wells. Numerical technique is based on the finite-volume method. Mathematical model describing the distribution of temperature and pressure in the reservoir and the well, taking into account the effects of temperature, such as the Joule-Thomson effect and adiabatic expansion, is considered. Three-dimensional statement allows one to consider complex geometry of the well, hydraulic fractures of different geometry and the anisotropy of the formation.
On the base of numerical simulation the comparative analysis of temperature and pressure distribution in the reservoir and the well with and without fracture is conducted. It is shown that the consideration of the full model "well-formation" is important, because the temperature dynamics in the well and bottomhole formation zone can differ essentially. It is observed that the temperature front in hydraulic fracture propagates faster, than in the reservoir. Effects influencing on the temperature in the injection well differ significantly from the temperature effects appearing in production wells. In production wells the appearance of throttling warm up of liquid on the borders "well-reservoir" and "fracture-reservoir" is observed, the temperature effects are stronger in the presence of the fracture. It is observed the rapid cooling of productive formation due to the convective thermal conductivity and gradual cooling of surrounding rocks due to the conductive thermal conductivity in wells with cold injection.
Developed program code can be useful to design well interventions for cleaning of bottomhole formation zone due to detailed information about state of bottomhole formation zone and hydraulic fracture.
Reservoir Engineering and Infrastructure Development of Oil and Gas Condensate Field Using the Integrated Formation-Well-Surface Infrastructure Model
Authors: Yazkov A. V. , Gorobets V. E. , Zagaynov A. N. , Yazkov A. V. , Kudrin P. A. , Poushev A. V. , Nerodenko D. G. , Minikayev F. M. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Development of oil, gas and condensate fields assumes simultaneous production of both free gas with condensate and oil with breakthrough gas. In this case, infrastructure solutions must be flexible and maximally fit for purposes of collection and treatment of all produced fluids. Joint planning of field development and infrastructure arrangement takes on a great importance as it is necessary to align solving of subsurface hydrodynamics, transportation of products in wellbore and collection system problems.
A great number of producer companies throughout the world use the "Formation-Well-Surface Infrastructure" integrated models for planning of development and infrastructure arrangement which allow forecasting the performance factors with a high degree of accuracy covering not only field development and geological aspects but the limitations of the surface infrastructure, including pipelines, areal facilities and economic conditions.
The most important task of the integrated modeling is the correct forecast and optimization of performance factors with account for all existing limitations of reservoir, well design, downhole equipment, products collection and treatment system.
This article considers the existing "Formation-Well-Surface Infrastructure" model of one of the multipay oil, gas and condensate fields of the Western Siberia. Description of the integrated model development stages is given which includes a creation of digital models of oil and gas wells with complex completion systems, models of collection systems for all products and a reservoir simulation model of the field.
Examples of a solution of application tasks for optimization using the generated integrated model are given which allow significantly improving quality of the adopted solutions by covering of all production system components "from reservoir to collection and transportation of hydrocarbons" integrated into a single model.