bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Inulin DP on Various Properties of Sugar-Free Dark Chocolates Containing Lactobacillus paracasei and Lactobacillus acidophilus
Authors: Konar Nevzat , Palabiyik İbrahim , Toker Omer Said , Genc Polat Derya , Sener Sinem , Akcicek Alican , Sagdic Osman 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
In the present study, the effect of different polymerization degree of inulin on the quality parameters of conventional and sugar-free dark chocolate products as well as on the vitality of probiotics used in the chocolates were investigated. To produce sugar-free dark chocolates prepared with the addition of maltitol, Lactobacillus paracasei/L. acidophilus and inulin with DP higher than 23 and lower than 10 were used as probiotic and prebiotic agents, respectively. After 90 day of storage, more than 6 log cfu/25 g probiotics were observed in the chocolates produced by supplementing of 9 log cfu/25 g probiotics. Considering the probiotic level for both conventional and sugar-free dark chocolate, the highest probiotic level was observed in the samples prepared from L. acidophilus and inulin with DP<10. In addition, inulin with DP<10 was found as more suitable in terms of rheological characteristics of the samples. Other quality parameters (texture, colour, melting profile and water activity) changed in narrow range which was allowable when compared with the control samples. Consequently, sugar-free chocolate containing L. paracasei and L. acidophilus could be produced which might satisfy the expectations of the consumers and appropriate to industrial production similar to conventional chocolate. The findings of the present study highlighted the importance of the selection of the most suitable prebiotic/probiotic combination for maximizing probiotic level in the chocolate products.
Train velocity estimation method based on an adaptive filter with fuzzy logic
Authors: Pichlík Petr , Zděnek Jiří 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The train velocity is difficult to determine when the velocity is measured only on the driven or braked locomotive wheelsets. In this case, the calculated train velocity is different from the actual train velocity due to slip velocity or skid velocity respectively. The train velocity is needed for a locomotive controller proper work. For this purpose, an adaptive filter that is tuned by a fuzzy logic is designed and described in the paper. The filter calculates the train longitudinal velocity based on locomotive wheelset velocity. The fuzzy logic is used for the tuning of the filter according to actual wheelset acceleration and wheelset jerk. The simulation results are based on real measured data on a freight train. The results show that the calculated velocity corresponds to the actual train velocity.
Simultaneous exact model matching with stability by output feedback
Authors: Kiritsis Konstadinos H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this paper, is studied the problem of simultaneous exact model matching by dynamic output feedback for square and invertible linear time invariant systems. In particular, explicit necessary and sufficient conditions are established which guarantee the solvability of the problem with stability and a procedure is given for the computation of dynamic controller which solves the problem.
In Situ Lateral Load Tests on Instrumented Bored Piles in Loessial Soils
Authors: Drăghici Sebastian , Marcu Anatolie 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to provide some aspects regarding the behaviour of laterally loaded piles in loessial soils, by presenting and analysing the results of several in situ tests on large diameter bored piles in this type of soil. The major feature of loess is that it exhibits a massive decline of its strength and stiffness parameters when it comes into contact with water, leading to the collapse of its structure even under self-weight and creating difficult conditions for foundations. The load tests were performed both in natural moisture content loess and also in saturated loess. The results obtained by means of instrumentation are back-analysed using current analytical methods and also by finite element method using a numerical model in the geotechnical computation software Plaxis 3D.
Sponsorship investments: do they deliver brand awareness for all sponsors?
Authors: Mpolokeng Sephapo Catherine 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSponsorship as a marketing communications tool is well adopted in South Africa across various areas such as sports and entertainment. Although world markets have experienced economic turmoil in the last few years, the sponsorship market may be considered to be thriving as companies use this marketing communication tool as a vehicle to create and maintain relationships. The purpose of this study was to explore which sponsors of the South African National Rugby team are sports consumers aware of as a result of the sponsorship. Literature states that awareness also influences the judgments about brands in the consideration set, even without any brand associations in the consumer’s mind. In low involvement decision; where consumers do not need to search extensively for information in order to make a decision; minimal brand awareness levels may be enough to convince the consumer to make their final choice. The study is exploratory in nature however provides a South African perspective on how effective the sponsorship of the Springbok is with regards to creating awareness of the sponsors among sports consumers. The study made use of a qualitative approach whereby primary data was collected by means of focus groups and naïve sketches. Data collected was analyzed by means of content analysis. The findings suggest that participants were predominantly aware of the key sponsors of the Springboks; these were sponsors who had their branding on the Springbok jersey worn during rugby matches. The factors that participants mentioned to contribute to their awareness of the sponsors were the branding on the Springbok playing jersey as well as television adverts along with other promotional tools. This study urges sponsors to not only rely on the sponsorship initiative to create awareness but rather leverage the sponsorship with tools that are relevant to their target audience. This study contributes to sponsorship literature relating to the effectiveness of sponsorship; particularly from a South African perspective.
The Pay-What-You-Want game: What can be learned from the experimental evidence on Dictator and Trust Games?
Authors: Greiff Matthias , Egbert Henrik 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper introduces the Pay-What-You-Want game which represents the interaction between a buyer and a seller in a Pay-What-You-Want (PWYW) situation. The PWYW game embeds the dictator game and the trust game as subgames. This allows us to use previous experimental studies with the dictator and the trust game to identify three factors that can influence the success of PWYW pricing in business practice: (i) social context, (ii) social information, and (iii) deservingness. Only few cases of PWYW pricing for a longer period of time have been documented. By addressing repeated games, we isolate two additional factors which are likely to contribute to successful implementations of PWYW as a long term pricing strategy. These are (iv) communication and (v) the reduction of goal conflicts. The central contribution of this study is an attempt to bridge the gap between laboratory experiments and the research on PWYW pricing, which relies largely on evidence from the field. By reviewing the relevant experiments, this study identifies factors crucial for the success of PWYW pricing and provides guidance to developing long-term applications of PWYW pricing.
On permutational invariance of the metric discrepancy results
Authors: Fukuyama Katusi , Noda Yutaro 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Let {nk
} be a sequence of non-zero real numbers. We prove that the law of the iterated logarithm for discrepancies of the sequence {nkx} is permutational invariant if |n

k
+1/nk
| → ∞ is satisfied.
Children’s agency in creating and maintaining language policy in practice in two “language profile” preschools in Sweden
Authors: Boyd Sally , Huss Leena , Ottesjö Cajsa 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper presents results from an ethnographic study of language policy as it is enacted in everyday interaction in two language profile preschools in Sweden with explicit monolingual language policies: English and Finnish, respectively. However, in both preschools, children are free to choose language or code alternate. The study shows how children through their interactive choices create and modify language policy-in-practice. We analyze extracts from typical free play interactions in each setting. We show how children use code alternation as a contextualization cue in both settings, but with somewhat different interactional consequences. Children in both preschools tend to follow the lead of the preceding speaker’s language choice. Code alternation is also a means to manage conversational roles, for example, to show alignment. While the staff give priority to the profile language, the children show through their interaction that skills in both the preschool’s profile language and in Swedish are valuable.
Peacock Ink: Investigation into the Constituents of the Most Prized Ink of Persia
Authors: Zekrgoo Sadra , Nel Petronella , Sloggett Robyn 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPeacock ink, known as Murakkabi ṭāvūsī, was created and used by Persian master calligraphers especially from the 14th century onwards. It is a sub-category of Persian ink which contains four main ingredients: lamp black, gum Arabic, green vitriol (ferrous sulphate) and gall nut extract (tannic acid). It is differentiated from other inks in that it contains many additional secondary ingredients which will be covered in this paper. Peacock ink derives its name from the range of different coloured materials added to the ink as well as the blue-green undertone this predominantly black ink is said to have. It is reputed to be a high-quality product, rumoured to stay on paper for centuries and is not affected by water, abrasion or other detrimental factors. It was the aim of this investigation to identify and describe in detail ingredients used to make this ink by finding and translating 17 recipes contained in 11 Persian treatises (15th–16th ce). Of the 31 ingredients found, 16 are plant based, 13 minerals, and 2 animal (protein) based, and in all cases water was used as the vehicle.
The Dilemma in Treatment of hemodialysis patients with catheter-induced right atrial thrombi (CRAT): A case report
Authors: Ansari Aval Zahra , Baghaei Ramin , Khaheshi Isa , Alavi-Moghaddam Aida 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCatheter-induced right atrial thrombi (CRAT) is a serious complication of central venous catheterization. Herein we report a case of large hypermobile right atrial thrombi in a 57-year-old man with hemodialysis catheter in the right internal jugular vein.
Der Einfluss spiritueller Übungen im Sinne der ignatianischen Lehre auf das religiös-spirituelle Wohlbefinden dermatologischer Patienten und Patientinnen
Authors: Aberer Elisabeth , Sallinger Anna , Pilch Michaela , Scharf Sabina , Lukanz Martin , Fink-Puches Regina , Wutte Nora , Glawischnig-Goschnik Monika , Unterrainer Human-Friedrich 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungIn der Vergangenheit haben Studien gezeigt, dass sich Interventionen bei chronisch Kranken und Krebspatient/-innen positiv auf die religiös-spirituelle (r/s) Befindlichkeit und die Krankheitsverarbeitung auswirken können. Es gibt jedoch keine standardisierten Vorgaben für r/s Interventionen. In einer Pilotstudie führten wir bei 10/24 dermatologischen Patient/-innen religiös-spirituelle Interventionen durch, während 7 Patient/-innen einen Fachvortrag mit anschließendem Telefoninterview erhielten. Die Kontrollgruppe (n=7) erhielt keine Intervention. Alle Patient/-innen wurden mittels des Multidimensionalen Inventars zum religiös/spirituellen Befinden (MI-RSB) sowie mit dem SF-36 zur Lebensqualität zweimalig befragt.Die r/s Interventionen fanden einmal pro Woche innerhalb von 2 Monaten insgesamt achtmal statt, dauerten 90 Minuten und wurden von einer christlichen Theologin vorgenommen, die Erfahrung in Exerzitien und spiritueller Begleitung hat. Elemente der Übungen waren Meditation, Rituale, Lieder, Erfahrungsaustausch, Geschichten und Impulse zu Themen, die für Sinnstiftung und die Tiefendimensionen des Lebens relevant sind. Diese Interventionen stützten sich auf Aspekte der ignatianischen Spiritualität und auf Grundfragen christlicher Spiritualität.Während jede Art von Zuwendung für die Patient/-innen eine Zunahme der Lebensqualität bedeutet, nimmt durch die r/s Interventionen die transzendente Hoffnung signifikant zu. Die Auswirkung unserer r/s Intervention könnte Anlass sein, derartige Interventionen weiterzuentwickeln und in größer angelegten Multicenter-Studien zu testen.
Analysis of Cracking Resistance of Bituminous Mixtures Under Monotonic and Cyclic Loads
Authors: Pérez-Jiménez F. E. , Miró R. , Martínez A. H. , Botella R. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Although cracking resistance is one of the most important properties affecting the durability of asphalt mixtures, this property is often not considered as a requirement in the mixture design stage, and the bitumen content is determined from other properties (voids content, permanent deformation, or water sensitivity, etc…). The effect of bitumen content on the cracking resistance of an asphalt concrete mixture (type AC) was analyzed in this paper by means of different types of tests. Firstly, a cyclic strain sweep test (EBADE test) was used to obtain the evolution of the complex modulus and dissipated energy density with the number of cycles as well as the failure strain. Results from a previous research study helped approximate the fatigue laws of the mixtures studied, providing insight into the effect of binder content on the fatigue life of the mixtures manufactured with 3, 4, 5, and 6 % of binder by mixture mass. Secondly, a direct tensile monotonic test (Fénix test) was used to determine the strength and fracture energy of the mixture. The mixture with the 5 % binder content exhibited better results in all tests, indicating that this value would be the optimum binder content as it showed good consistency between the cyclic and monotonic tests employed.
The Riddle of the Nablus Collection
Authors: Yaceczko Lionel 
Published: May 2017

The Nablus Collection is a previously-unpublished hoard of imperial Roman bronze coins from the Tetrarchic Period (294-318) housed at the Catholic University of America.
The Collection is comparable to many other, similar hoards and confirms common trends such as weight, time span, and inflation during the period. One programmatic weight reduction, in the year 307/308, is well documented in the Collection, and the hoard further substantiates a lesser-known weight reduction in the year 312 for which no material evidence had as yet been discovered. The Collection, however, differs from other hoards in several remarkable ways, raising questions that require creative hypotheses. The mint distribution supported by comparable hoards of the period contrasts strikingly with that of the Collection, which evidences a balance of eastern and western mints peculiar for the period. The hoard testifies to the economic rise of a frontier colony which by the 320s had become an established community with its own bishop and the importance to attract a flow of foreign coin from across the Empire. The Collection adds a small piece to the story of that turbulent period when Constantine marched from York, crossed the Empire, and finally settled in the East.
Two Loci Contribute Epistastically to Heterospecific Pollen Rejection, a Postmating Isolating Barrier Between Species
Authors: Hamlin Jennafer A P , Sherman Natasha A , Moyle Leonie C 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Recognition and rejection of heterospecific male gametes occurs in a broad range of taxa, although the complexity of mechanisms underlying these components of postmating cryptic female choice is poorly understood. In plants, the arena for postmating interactions is the female reproductive tract (pistil), within which heterospecific pollen tube growth can be arrested via active molecular recognition and rejection. Unilateral incompatibility (UI) is one such postmating barrier in which pollen arrest occurs in only one direction of an interspecific cross. We investigated the genetic basis of pistil-side UI between Solanum species, with the specific goal of understanding the role and magnitude of epistasis between UI QTL. Using heterospecific introgression lines (ILs) between Solanum pennellii and S. lycopersicum, we assessed the individual and pairwise effects of three chromosomal regions (ui1.1, ui3.1, and ui12.1) previously associated with interspecific UI among Solanum species. Specifically, we generated double introgression (‘pyramided’) genotypes that combined ui12.1 with each of ui1.1 and ui3.1, and assessed the strength of UI pollen rejection in the pyramided lines, compared to single introgression genotypes. We found that none of the three QTL individually showed UI rejection phenotypes, but lines combining ui3.1 and ui12.1 showed significant pistil-side pollen rejection. Furthermore, double ILs (DILs) that combined different chromosomal regions overlapping ui3.1 differed significantly in their rate of UI, consistent with at least two genetic factors on chromosome three contributing quantitatively to interspecific pollen rejection. Together, our data indicate that loci on both chromosomes 3 and 12 are jointly required for the expression of UI between S. pennellii and S. lycopersicum, suggesting that coordinated molecular interactions among a relatively few loci underlie the expression of this postmating prezygotic barrier. In addition, in conjunction with previous data, at least one of these loci appears to also contribute to conspecific self-incompatibility (SI), consistent with a partially shared genetic basis between inter- and intraspecific mechanisms of postmating prezygotic female choice.
Definition of a RACK1 Interaction Network in Drosophila melanogaster Using SWATH-MS
Authors: Kuhn Lauriane , Majzoub Karim , Einhorn Evelyne , Chicher Johana , Pompon Julien , Imler Jean-Luc , Hammann Philippe , Meignin Carine 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Receptor for Activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1) is a scaffold protein that has been found in association with several signaling complexes, and with the 40S subunit of the ribosome. Using the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, we recently showed that RACK1 is required at the ribosome for internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-mediated translation of viruses. Here, we report a proteomic characterization of the interactome of RACK1 in Drosophila S2 cells. We carried out Label-Free quantitation using both Data-Dependent and Data-Independent Acquisition (DDA and DIA, respectively) and observed a significant advantage for the Sequential Window Acquisition of all THeoretical fragment-ion spectra (SWATH) method, both in terms of identification of interactants and quantification of low abundance proteins. These data represent the first SWATH spectral library available for Drosophila and will be a useful resource for the community. A total of 52 interacting proteins were identified, including several molecules involved in translation such as structural components of the ribosome, factors regulating translation initiation or elongation, and RNA binding proteins. Among these 52 proteins, 15 were identified as partners by the SWATH strategy only. Interestingly, these 15 proteins are significantly enriched for the functions translation and nucleic acid binding. This enrichment reflects the engagement of RACK1 at the ribosome and highlights the added value of SWATH analysis. A functional screen did not reveal any protein sharing the interesting properties of RACK1, which is required for IRES-dependent translation and not essential for cell viability. Intriguingly however, 10 of the RACK1 partners identified restrict replication of Cricket paralysis virus (CrPV), an IRES-containing virus.
Building Ultra-High-Density Linkage Maps Based on Efficient Filtering of Trustable Markers
Authors: Ronin Yefim I , Mester David I , Minkov Dina G , Akhunov Eduard , Korol Abraham B 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis study concerns building high-density genetic maps in situations with intrachromosomal recombination rate heterogeneity and differences in genotypingThe study is focused on addressing the problem of building genetic maps in the presence of ∼103–104 of markers per chromosome. We consider a spectrum of situations with intrachromosomal heterogeneity of recombination rate, different level of genotyping errors, and missing data. In the ideal scenario of the absence of errors and missing data, the majority of markers should appear as groups of cosegregating markers (“twins”) representing no challenge for map construction. The central aspect of the proposed approach is to take into account the structure of the marker space, where each twin group (TG) and singleton markers are represented as points of this space. The confounding effect of genotyping errors and missing data leads to reduction of TG size, but upon a low level of these effects surviving TGs can still be used as a source of reliable skeletal markers. Increase in the level of confounding effects results in a considerable decrease in the number or even disappearance of usable TGs and, correspondingly, of skeletal markers. Here, we show that the paucity of informative markers can be compensated by detecting kernels of markers in the marker space using a clustering procedure, and demonstrate the utility of this approach for high-density genetic map construction on simulated and experimentally obtained genotyping datasets.
Leitura de rótulos de alimentos por frequentadores de um estabelecimento comercial
Authors: Marzarotto Bruna , Alves Márcia Keller 
Published: May 2017

Objetivo: Avaliar se os frequentadores de um estabelecimento comercial têm o hábito de ler e se conseguem compreender a rotulagem nutricional dos alimentos.Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado em 2012 e 2013, com 227 indivíduos selecionados e entrevistados aleatoriamente em um estabelecimento comercial alimentício de Caxias do Sul-RS. O questionário aplicado avaliou o nível socioeconômico, hábito e motivo de leitura, principal informação observada, critérios de escolha dos alimentos, entre outros. A associação entre as variáveis foi analisada através do teste qui-quadrado, utilizando o software SPSS versão 19.0.Resultados: A amostra foi formada principalmente por consumidores do gênero feminino, casados, com menos de 30 anos, com ensino superior completo e renda mensal acima de R$1.500,00. A maioria (70%) possui o hábito de leitura e 40,5% o fazem no supermercado. A informação nutricional mais lida é o valor calórico, motivada pela busca por uma alimentação saudável. A internet é a fonte de informação mais utilizada para a busca de conhecimentos sobre alimentação e nutrição. Qualidade e sabor do alimento são os critérios mais destacados pelos clientes na hora da compra do alimento. Entre os entrevistados, 39,2% diz ter 30 minutos para a realização das compras, tempo suficiente para efetuar a leitura dos rótulos. Os indivíduos dizem utilizar as informações encontradas para manter uma alimentação saudável, porém, não acreditam conhecer o suficiente de nutrição.Conclusão: O hábito de leitura está presente entre os entrevistados, que utilizavam a declaração nutricional para orientação alimentar com o objetivo de manter uma dieta saudável. Entretanto, os participantes não acreditam ter conhecimento suficiente de nutrição para a compreensão das informações contidas nos rótulos.