bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral Ultrasound Combined With Clinical Pathological Parameters in Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Sun Pengfei , Han Jiaqi , Li Min , Wang Zhixiang , Guo Ruifang , Zhang Yanning , Qian Linxue , Ma Jianguo , Hu Xiangdong 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesTo explore the clinical value of the nomogram based on spectral Doppler ultrasound combined with clinical pathological parameter in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.MethodsWe prospectively gathered clinicopathologic and ultrasonic data from 240 patients confirmed breast cancer. The risk factors of axillary lymph node metastasis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and the prediction model was established. The model calibration, predictive ability, and diagnostic efficiency in the training set and the testing set were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve analysis, respectively.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis was related with tumor size, Ki‐67, axillary ultrasound, ultrasound spectral quantitative parameter, internal echo, and calcification (P < .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the Ki‐67, axillary ultrasound, quantitative parameter (the mean of the mid‐band fit in tumor and posterior tumor) were independent risk factors of axillary lymph node metastasis (P < .05). The models developed using Ki‐67, axillary ultrasound, and quantitative parameters for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83. Additionally, the prediction model exhibited outstanding predictability for axillary lymph node metastasis, as evidenced by a Harrell C‐index of 0.83 (95% confidence interval 0.73–0.93).ConclusionAxillary ultrasound combined with Ki‐67 and spectral ultrasound parameters has the potential to predict axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer, which is superior to axillary ultrasound alone.
Sub‐Nyquist wideband spectrum sensing for multicarrier wireless applications
Authors: Rao T. J. V. Subrahmanyeswara , Aswini T. V. N. L. , Sharma Purnima K. , Sharma Dinesh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe incredible growth of wireless technologies has led to an increase in demand of spectral resources for various communication systems. The allocated spectrum for GSM is insufficient to support applications that operate at high data rates (e.g., multimedia applications or 5G mobile communications). Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) are the recent technologies with high data rates for multimedia applications and mobile communications. These are the perfect candidates for wireless applications and 5G technologies. In this paper, an in‐depth study was presented where the multicarrier models of orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) and GFDM are integrated with a sub‐Nyquist sampling architecture. The primary focus is to evaluate and compare their spectrum sensing performance. Also analyzed the performance of both OFDM and GFDM under sub‐Nyquist sampling framework and measured the bit error rate (BER) as a function of the received signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR).
Geographical Differences in the Perspective of Osteoarthritis Care Management: A Cross‐Sectional Study in Italy, Sweden and Russia
Authors: Battista Simone , Recenti Filippo , Giardulli Benedetto , Testa Marco , Pchelnikova Polina , Ndosi Mwidimi , Dell’Isola Andrea 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the awareness, experiences, and beliefs of individuals with osteoarthritis (OA) regarding their healthcare management, along with assessing their overall satisfaction levels.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey was conducted in Italy, Sweden, and Russia, rigorously developed based on OA international guidelines in collaboration with healthcare professionals and individuals with OA. Participants over 40 years of age with self‐reported hip and/or knee OA were eligible. The analytical framework included descriptive analysis (assessment of awareness levels for ‘recommended’, ‘optional’, and ‘not recommended’ treatments), analysis of suggested treatments and taken treatments, exploration of beliefs, barriers and satisfaction analysis (0–100 scale).ResultsA total of 401 participants (mean age: 59.7, 78.3% female, 28% Italian, 49% Swedish, 23% Russian) contributed to the study. In Sweden, 57%–72% accurately identified recommended treatments, while in Russia, the range was 34%–91%, and in Italy, it was 35%–73%. The predominant suggested and taken treatments were oral anti‐inflammatory drugs in Italy (87/81%) and Russia (97/97%) and specific exercise in Sweden (84/79%). Notably, only Sweden reached a consensus on the effectiveness of exercise for everyone, while Russia and Italy insisted on radiographic findings as a prerequisite for exercise. Mean satisfaction levels were 59.7 (Italy), 47.4 (Sweden), and 35.2 (Russia).ConclusionsThis study uncovered variations in awareness, treatment preferences, and beliefs among the three countries, underscoring the necessity for tailored education on OA management that accounts for regional differences across Europe.
Investigation of Novel 2‐(Chloromethyl)‐5‐(3, 5‐Disubstituted‐1H‐Indol‐2‐yl)‐1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Derivatives as In Vitro, and In Silico Bioactivity Potential: Anti‐inflammatory, Anti‐TB and Antioxidant Activities Study
Authors: Harish Kumar K. , Sridhar B. T. , Karunakar Prashantha , Nagesh G. Y. , Gupta Nidhi , Jisha S. P. , Basavarajaiah S. M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA series of novel 2‐(chloromethyl)‐5‐(3, 5‐disubstituted‐1H‐indol‐2‐yl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole (3 a–h) derivatives have been synthesized as potential COX inhibitors, anti‐TB, and anti‐oxidant activities. The structures were confirmed by IR, NMR (1H and 13C) mass spectral techniques. The physicochemical properties, ADME, and drug‐likeness profile for the synthesized compounds were evaluated by SwissADME. Based on our interest in indole chemistry and SAR study, foresaid indole compounds were examined for in vitro COX inhibitory activity, anti‐TB, and antioxidant activities. The physicochemical and ADME studies were disclosed for newly synthesized compounds. The compounds 3 a,3 b and 3 c recognized outstanding COX‐II inhibitions with IC50 values of 0.28, 0.24, and 0.45 μM compared to standard drugs. The compounds 3 a,and3 b showed outstanding anti‐TB activity with MIC value 0.78 μg/mL. The compounds 3 a,3 b, and 3 c attested outstanding antioxidant activity at 10 μg/ml with a rate of inhibition of 66.52 %, 68.25 %, and 65.95 % respectively. Finally, the molecular docking studies carried out with cyclooxygenase‐2 (PDB ID: 6COX), M. tuberculosis enoyl reductase (INHA) complexed with 1‐cyclohexyl‐N‐(3,5‐dichlorophenyl)‐5‐oxopyrrolidine‐3‐carboxamide (PDB ID: 4TZK), and cytochrome c peroxidase (PDB ID: 2X08), for all the newly synthesized derivatives. Finally, selected compounds were taken for their molecular dynamic studies.
Synthesis of Dendritic Polymer for Hydrogen Peroxide Production and Organic Pollutants Degradation Under Visible Light Conditions
Authors: Jin M. Z. , Li J. , Song D. , Jing F. F. , Lu W. W. , He X. Y. , Wang T. , Yu R. T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA process for photocatalytically synthesizing hydrogen peroxide while simultaneously degrading organic pollutants is of interest. In this study, a dendritic nanopolymer was synthesized and utilized as a photocatalyst for the production of hydrogen peroxide, which was then used in tandem with the degradation of Tetracycline (TC) and Rhodamine B (Rh B) organic pollutants under a 36 W incandescent bulb. The yield of H2O2 was measured at 8.4 mg g−1 h−1, with photocatalytic degradation rates of 93.90 % for Rh B and 72.92 % for TC. The degradation kinetics of TC and Rh B by the dendritic polymer were found to follow pseudo‐first‐order kinetics, and a higher affinity for degradation was observed for Rh B. The photocatalytic degradation mechanism of TC in a Fenton‐like system was attributed to an oxidation system involving hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ions.
Effect of interfacial properties between polyethylene and polyvinyl alcohol fiber/cement matrix on properties of mortar and ECC
Authors: Fan Qichang , Zheng Yuanyuan , He Chunhui , Meng Dan , Guo Qun , Liu Yiming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo explore the influence of the interface properties between fiber/cement matrix on the performance of fiber‐modified cement‐based composite. Polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVA) are brought in the cement‐based materials to prepare mortar and Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) samples. The mortar's mechanical, and ECC's tensile capacity, four‐point bending and porosity were tested to verify the interface's influence on samples' performance. Furthermore, the water contact angle was used to analyze the wettability of the fiber, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the fiber/matrix interface on the microscopic scale. Molecular dynamics simulation was performed to calculate the interfacial paraments from an atomic scale. The results shows that fiber increases the toughness of the mortar and improved its flexural strength. Through SEM, it was found that PVA fiber can form tight adsorption with the hydration matrix. While there are many apparent cracks and pores at the PE/matrix interface, the poor bonding destroys the matrix's structure and reduces its compressive strength. By analyzing the performance of ECC samples, it was known that PVA‐ECC's strain rate can reach 5.73%, while PE‐ECC is 4.20%. PE fiber has higher mechanical strength and can bear more loads, it helps PE‐ECC to obtain a greater modulus of rapture. Nuclear magnetic resonance results showed that the porosity of PVA‐ECC is lower than PE‐ECC. The ability of PE‐ECC to resist external interference is weak, and the interface of PE/matrix is easily damaged. Molecule dynamics simulation results indicated the adsorption energy between PVA/CSH is 6.17 times that of PE/CSH. The PVA/C‐S‐H interface tends to form CaO and H‐bonds to strengthen the bonding, the bonding has limited the movement of atoms and making the PVA chains tightly adsorbed on the CSH surface. While the adsorption between PE and CSH is weak, the PE will detach from the CSH surface and form aggregates. Moreover, PVA and water molecules form a stable hydrogen bond network to promote the hydration production grows on the surface of PVA fiber. However, PE fiber is complex enough to adsorb water molecules and hardly encourage the development of pores at the interface. By analyzing the properties of the interface between different fibers and cement matrix can provide insights for strengthening the interface properties of fiber cement matrix, and then improve the properties of fiber cement‐based composites.
Integrative analysis of bulk and single‐cell RNA sequencing reveals sphingolipid metabolism and immune landscape in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Xie Dongdong , Han Zhitao , Wang Yu , Shi Haoyu , Wu Xiang , Wu Jiaqing , Dai Yingbo 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by its aggressive behavior and complex molecular heterogeneity, posing significant challenges for treatment and prognostication. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of ccRCC by leveraging both bulk and single‐cell RNA sequencing data, with a specific aim to unravel the complexities of sphingolipid metabolism and the intricate dynamics within the tumor microenvironment (TME). By examining ccRCC samples sourced from public databases, our investigation delves deep into the genetic and transcriptomic landscape of this cancer type. Employing advanced analytical techniques, we have identified pivotal patterns in gene expression and cellular heterogeneity, with a special focus on the roles and interactions of various immune cells within the TME. Significantly, our research has unearthed insights into the dynamics of sphingolipid metabolism in ccRCC, shedding light on its potential implications for tumor progression and strategies for immune evasion. A novel aspect of this study is the development of a risk score model designed to enhance prognostic predictions for ccRCC patients, which is currently pending external validation to ascertain its clinical utility. Despite its contributions, the study is mindful of its limitations, including a reliance on observational data from public sources and a primary focus on RNA sequencing data, which may constrain the depth and generalizability of the findings. The study does not encompass critical aspects, such as protein expression, posttranslational modifications, and comprehensive metabolic profiles. Moreover, its retrospective design underscores the necessity for future prospective studies to solidify these preliminary conclusions. Our findings illuminate the intricate interplay between genetic alterations, sphingolipid metabolism, and immune responses in ccRCC. This research not only enhances our understanding of the molecular foundations of ccRCC but also paves the way for the development of targeted therapies and personalized treatment modalities. The study underlines the importance of cautious interpretation of results and champions ongoing research using diverse methodologies to thoroughly comprehend and effectively combat this formidable cancer type.
Correlation of greyzone fibrosis compared to troponin T and late gadolinium enhancement with survival and ejection fraction in patients after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Schmitt Ramona , Staats Clara , Kaier Klaus , Ahlgrim Christoph , Hein Manuel , Brado Johannes , Steinhoff Philipp , Billig Hannah , Soschynski Martin , Krauss Tobias , Schlett Christopher L. , Westermann Dirk , Neumann Franz-Josef , Ruile Philipp , Breitbart Philipp 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aims
To quantify greyzone fibrosis (GZF) in patients after acute myocardial infarction (MI) and to evaluate its correlation with MI-free survival and improvements in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) compared with the established risk factors high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE).

Methods and results
The study involved 176 patients who experienced acute MI and underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) prior to hospital discharge, followed by a second CMR on average six months later. LGE was quantified in both examinations, a separate analysis of the GZF was conducted only in the follow-up CMR after resolution of the initial infarct edema. LVEF was measured in both CMR. hs-cTnT levels were assessed at hospital admission, as well as 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h after coronary intervention. Telephone follow-ups were conducted annually for up to 8 years. LGE measurements showed better correlation with MI-free survival (Harrell’s C of 0.711 of LGE mass) compared to GZF (0.579 of GZF mass). Additionally, hs-cTnT outperformed GZF (Harrell’s C of 0.645). As an univariable predictor for MI-free survival, only hs-cTnT reached significance (p < 0.05). With regard to improvements in ejection fraction, both hs-cTnT and LGE measurements showed acceptable correlation with improvement in ejection fraction (p < 0.05), while GZF measurements showed no correlation (p > 0.5).

Conclusions
In CMR, the assessment of GZF demonstrated inferior p correlation compared to hs-cTnT and LGE in patients after acute MI with respect to the endpoint of MI-free survival. Furthermore, GZF showed no correlation with the improvement of LVEF.

Graphical abstract
Signed Barcodes for Multi-parameter Persistence via Rank Decompositions and Rank-Exact Resolutions
Authors: Botnan Magnus Bakke , Oppermann Steffen , Oudot Steve 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the signed barcode, a new visual representation of the global structure of the rank invariant of a multi-parameter persistence module or, more generally, of a poset representation. Like its unsigned counterpart in one-parameter persistence, the signed barcode decomposes the rank invariant as a $${\mathbb {Z}}$$
Z
-linear combination of rank invariants of indicator modules supported on segments in the poset. We develop the theory behind these decompositions, both for the usual rank invariant and for its generalizations, showing under what conditions they exist and are unique. We also show that, like its unsigned counterpart, the signed barcode reflects in part the algebraic structure of the module: specifically, it derives from the terms in the minimal rank-exact resolution of the module, i.e., its minimal projective resolution relative to the class of short exact sequences on which the rank invariant is additive. To complete the picture, we show some experimental results that illustrate the contribution of the signed barcode in the exploration of multi-parameter persistence modules.
Helicobacter pylori in oral cavity: current knowledge
Authors: Costa Liana Cristina Melo Carneiro , Carvalho Maria das Graças , Vale Filipa F. , Marques Andreia T. , Rasmussen Lucas Trevizani , Chen Tsute , Barros-Pinheiro Melina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe oral cavity may play a role as a reservoir and in the transmission and colonization of Helicobacter pylori. The route of transmission for H. pylori is not fully understood. The prevalence of this pathogen varies globally, affecting half of the world’s population, predominantly in developing countries. Here, we review the prevalence of H. pylori in the oral cavity, the characteristics that facilitate its colonization and dynamics in the oral microbiome, the heterogeneity and diversity of virulence of among strains, and noninvasive techniques for H. pylori detection in oral samples. The prevalence of H. pylori in the oral cavity varies greatly, being influenced by the characteristics of the population, regions where samples are collected in the oral cavity, and variations in detection methods. Although there is no direct association between the presence of H. pylori in oral samples and stomach infection, positive cases for gastric H. pylori frequently exhibit a higher prevalence of the bacterium in the oral cavity, suggesting that the stomach may not be the sole reservoir of H. pylori. In the oral cavity, H. pylori can cause microbiome imbalance and remodeling of the oral ecosystem. Detection of H. pylori in the oral cavity by a noninvasive method may provide a more accessible diagnostic tool as well as help prevent transmission and gastric re-colonization. Further research into this bacterium in the oral cavity will offer insights into the treatment of H. pylori infection, potentially developing new clinical approaches.
Mitigating inter-story drift concentration in seismic-resistant self-centering braced frames by using strong backup systems
Authors: Huang Jiahao , Zhu Songye 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeismic-resistant self-centering concentrically braced frames (SC-CBFs) are susceptible to the concentration of inter-story drifts during earthquakes owing to the relatively low energy dissipation ability of braces. To address this limitation, this study proposed a novel solution by designing a strong backup (SB) system to mitigate inter-story deformation concentration in “weak” stories. The proposed SB system consisting of truss members can be attached to the existing SC-CBF through pin connections, forming a system, termed strong backup SC-CBF (SC-CBF-SB), to promote a more uniform distribution of inter-story drifts along the height of the frame and mitigate the weak story behavior. A six-story chevron-braced frame is adopted to investigate the seismic performance of SC-CBF and SC-CBF-SB. Finite element models of SC-CBF and SC-CBF-SB are built. The mechanical characteristics and dynamic responses of the SC-CBF-SB are examined. To comprehensively evaluate the performance of both SC-CBF and SC-CBF-SB, static pushover analyses and nonlinear time-history analyses are conducted. Additionally, incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is performed to evaluate the responses (particularly drift concentration) of both frame types subjected to increasing seismic intensity levels. Numerical results show that the maximum value of the drift concentration factor (DCF) is around 1.3 and 1.8 for SC-CBF-SB and SC-CBF, respectively, indicating that SC-CBF-SB can effectively mitigate inter-story drift concentration of SC-CBF. Meanwhile, the proposed SB system has a minimal negative impact on the favorable SC ability of the frame.
Systematic design approach for tailored air intake manifolds
Authors: Fiorineschi Lorenzo , Generini Giulio , Rotini Federico , Andreini Antonio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe work described in this paper aims to present a systematic approach for efficiently exploiting Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations in early conceptual design phases. More specifically, the proposed procedure strives to use simplified CFD models with a limited amount of computational resources. It is then expected to better support preliminary evaluations of the fluid dynamic efficiency of early ideas, as well as to support idea generation. The proposed approach is focused on the conceptual design phase, intended here as the design stage where new ideas about forms and geometries for the fluid volume are generated. A systematic and iterative procedure has been devised and constitutes the core of the approach, which has been applied to a real case study, involving both industrial and academic staff. Five different concepts have been proposed and then evaluated from a manufacturing point of view by the industrial staff, who identified a preferred solution, which has been further developed and then verified through an additional simulation. The results show that by using the proposed systematic procedure, it has been possible to prevent the firm from developing a non-optimal solution, previously hypothesized by following a simple intuitive path based on precedent experiences. This work shows that the adoption of systematic design approaches integrated with modern tools like CFD can actually be a valid support also for SMEs.
Violence and Abuse Towards Grandparent Kinship Carers in Informal Kinship Care Context
Authors: Bentum Hajara , Banham Vicki , Adusei-Asante Kwadwo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractViolence and abuse by grandchildren towards their grandparent kinship carers is an important but under-researched issue. Research evidence on the perceived legitimacy of aged-related myths, beliefs, and witchcraft accusations against older people, especially grandparents, in Ghana and Africa suggest that violence and abuse against grandparent kinship carers could be common. This study explored the types of violence or abuse experienced by grandparent kinship carers, and the meanings grandparents associate with the abuse. Thirty-one grandparents were recruited from four communities in Ghana following a horizontal network sampling approach and interviewed using a qualitative in-depth narrative storytelling strategy. Analysis of the narratives revealed three common types of abuse experienced by the grandparent kinship carers which were perpetrated by children living under their care: (1) insults and verbal abuse, (2) stealing and financial exploitation, and (3) physical threats. However, the grandparents rationalised and justified the abusive behaviours by attributing them to factors within the children’s eco-system, such as friends and household members. The findings highlighted three crucial interrelated factors that underlie these incidents of violence including cultural beliefs around witchcraft, family structural dynamics, and grandparents’ attitudes towards violence. Practical recommendations, including the development of a community normative change program, have been proposed to address violence by grandchildren towards grandparent kinship carers in Ghana.