bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profile of users of a new E-Mental Health ecological momentary assessment web-based program: MEmind
Authors: Bonal C. , Barrigon M.L. , Carballo J.J. , Baca-Garcia E. ,   MEmind studygroup
Published: May 2016

Backgrounde-Mental Health is an emergent area within e-Health. In the evaluation area, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has been used to investigate separately on different psychiatric disorders while a comprehensive tool to cover the entire spectrum of mental health has not yet been developed. In this study, we aimed to present the MEmind wellness tracker and to characterize the group of patients who use it.MethodsWe developed an EMA web application: MEmind, accessed through the web page http://www.memind.net. Since 20th May 2014 on, adult outpatients (n = 13,883) attended in all psychiatric services within the Psychiatry Department of Fundación Jimenez Diaz in Madrid were proposed to use MEmind and then registered. Data collected from first year of implementation of the tool were transferred to an SPSS sheet and then analysed. A comparison between patients using and not using MEmind were performed.ResultsMEmind users (n = 2842) were significantly younger than MEmind non-users (n = 11,041) (42.2 ± 13.5 vs. 48.5 ± 16.3; P = 0.000) and mostly women (65% vs. 61.4%; P = 0.001). Also, patients with neurotic disorders were the main users of MEmind (see Table 1). Furthermore, patients with thoughts about death and suicide were more likely to use MEmind (Table 2).ConclusionsWomen, young people and patients with neurotic disorder were the main users of MEmind. Furthermore, people with suicidal thoughts were willing to use MEmind. Novel interventions for suicide prevention could be developed with the use of EMA web-based tools. Further studies are warranted.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Is methylphenidate a prescription drug being sold in the illegal market? Analysis of samples submitted to a drug checking facility
Authors: Quintana-Mathé P. , Grifell-Guàrdia M. , Palma Á. , Fornís-Espinosa I. , Gil-Lladanosa C. , Caudevilla-Galligo F. , Galindo-Guarin L. , Farré-Albaladejo M. , Torrens-Melich M. , Ventura-Vilamala M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionMethylphenidate is a CNS stimulant approved for treatment of ADHD. It is generally considered well tolerated and exhibiting low dependence potential, although diversion for recreational use has been described. Provided that its effects are comparable to those of more popular drugs of abuse, such as cocaine and amphetamines, we hypothesized that it could be sold as such.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was:– to describe the presence of methylphenidate from the samples handled to, and analyzed by, Spanish harm-reduction service energy control between August 2009 and August 2015;– to determine whether it is being sold as other drugs.Materials and methodsAll samples presented to energy control (EC) were analyzed. EC is a Spanish harm-reduction non-governmental organization that offers to users the possibility of analyzing the substances they intend to consume.Samples in which methylphenidate was detected using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry were selected for this study.ResultsFrom a total of 20062 samples, 17 contained methylphenidate (0,09%), with no clear variations among the years studied. The samples were mostly sold as amphetamine (29%), methylphenidate (23%) and ethylphenidate (18%).ConclusionPresence of Methylphenidate in the Spanish illegal drug market seems anecdotic and stable over the studied timeframe. Moreover, it was sold as substances with similar dosages, lowering potential for life-threatening intoxications. Therefore, our results suggest that diversion of methylphenidate into the drug market as adulterant is not a concerning phenomenon.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Preventing weight gain and increased waist circumference during the first two years after antipsychotic initiation in youth with first-episode psychosis
Authors: Ward P. , Curtis J. , Rosenbaum S. , Watkins A. , Teasdale S. , Lederman O. , Kalucy M. , Samaras K. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundWe recently demonstrated that weight gain could be prevented in young people experiencing a first-episode of psychosis commencing treatment with antipsychotics. A 12-week, intensive lifestyle and life skills intervention – the Keeping the Body in Mind program, – was delivered by dedicated nursing, dietetic and exercise physiology clinicians, for new referrals with < one month of antipsychotic exposure. (Curtis et al., Early intervention in psychiatry, in press). At the conclusion of the intervention the 16 young people participating in the program experienced a mean weight gain of 1.8 kilograms, and a mean increase in waist circumference of 0.1 centimeters. The participants were followed up for two years after initial referral.MethodsDuring the two-year follow-up, participants had continuing access to an in house gym and weekly cooking groups, but without the same intensity of follow-up. Two year follow-up data were obtained from 11 participants form the original cohort.ResultsMean weight gain at two-year follow-up was 0.90 (SD 8.7) kilograms, and this difference was not statistically significant [t (10) = 0.3, NS]. Waist circumference decreased by 0.7 (SD 7.7) centimeters, which was not t statistically significant [t (10) = 0.3, NS]. Nine of the participants (82%) did not experience clinically significant weight gain two years after initiation of antipsychotic medication.ConclusionThis two-year follow-up data demonstrated that it is feasible to prevent weight gain in youth with first-episode psychosis over the first two years of treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of treatment seeking online video game players
Authors: Simon O. , Chebbi R. , Godall A. Ochoa , Eicher J. , Zumwald C. , Dickson C. 
Published: May 2016

Background and aimWithin Switzerland, video game players seeking specialised treatment are usually referred to gambling addiction services. The Centre for Excessive Gambling (CJE) is a specialised gambling addiction unit in Lausanne University Hospital. Between 2003 and 2015 the service offered also support to 64 adults seeking treatment for videogaming-related disorders.According to international literature, Internet disorder treatment programmes have been developed. However, little is known about clinical profile of users seeking treatment. Studies into Internet or gaming disorders typically employ Internet survey methods or use student samples. The current presentation will outline demographic and clinical features of video gamers receiving treatment at the CJE.MethodData were collected from the medical records of 57 video gamers seeking treatment at the CJE between 2003 and 2015.ResultsThe sample includes 93% men, mostly single (91%), with an average age of 25 years ± 7. On average the sample spent 9 hours ± 5 per day playing video games. A disorder had emerged an average of 3 years ago ± 3. The crisis preceding the first consultation was familial (50%), emotional (29%) or professional (16%). Sixty-five percent of the sample had a mood disorder and 20% reported suicidal ideations.DiscussionTreatments should address comorbidities and family problems associated with video game disorders. Offering consultations for parents could be useful, even in absence of the young player.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A case of marchiafava bignami disease with frontal cortex involvement and late onset, long-lasting psychiatric symptoms
Authors: Vecchi C. , Gramaglia C. , Feggi A. , Coppola I. , Di Marco S. , Venesia A. , Delicato C. , Chieppa N. , De Marchi F. , Cantello R. , Zeppegno P. 
Published: May 2016

AimsTo describe the case and management of a patient with marchiafava bignami disease (MBD) with frontal cortical lesions, no specific symptoms at first referral to the emergency room, and late onset of atypical psychiatric symptoms.MethodsWe report the case of a 44-year-old patient with a history of chronic alcohol abuse, eventually diagnosed with MBD.ResultsMagnetic resonance showed lesions in the splenium and in the body of corpus callosum and bilateral lesions of the frontal cortex. The patient showed late-onset atypical psychiatric symptoms, which were drug resistant.ConclusionsThe case we describe seems to support the existing few ones describing cortical involvement in MBD, which suggest that this is associated with a poorer prognosis. Psychiatric symptoms may be challenging to treat because of drug resistance. The involvement of psychiatrists together with neurologists and radiologists, with a consultation–liaison approach has proved important for the achievement of diagnosis and of the most appropriate management and treatment for this patient.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Gender differences in anxiety among secondary school in Kuwait
Authors: Kareemi S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAnxiety disorders are the most common mental disorders, and their prevalence is substantially higher in women than in men. Research has confirmed the existence of gender differences in several types of anxiety disorders.ObjectivesThe current investigation sought to determine whether any observable gender differences existed in anxiety for a nonclinical sample.Methodsthe sample consisted of 300 males and 300 female students from a secondary school in Kuwait. The genders were matched in age (males = 16.52 ± 0.90 & females = 16.37 ± 0.96, t = 1.93, P > .05). The inclusion criteria for all participants: sample of the population of Al-Jahra city, aged between 15 and 18 years old, school grades 10, 11, 12, and the social status of the parents (married). The Arabic version of Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was administered to participants. BAI reliabilities ranged from .88 to .87 with a mean .87 (alpha) denoting good internal consistency. The convergent correlations in eight samples between BAI and Kuwait University Anxiety Scale KUAS (mean r = .52) for validity coefficients.ResultsThe results revealed that females (18.67 ± 11.11) had significantly higher mean anxiety than their male (14.52 ± 10.37) counterparts (f = 22.27, P < .000).ConclusionTherefore, we can conclude that female preponderance of anxiety has been a consistent finding within literature.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Relationship between cognitions and perceived self-efficacy with the severity of panic disorder with agoraphobia
Authors: Leon-Quismondo L. , Lahera G. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe influence of cognitions and the perceived self-efficacy on mental health has been studied for a long time. Some studies have linked the perceived self-efficacy and apprehensive cognitions with the severity of panic disorder with agoraphobia.ObjectivesTo study the relationship between self-efficacy and dysfunctional beliefs of patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia and severity of the disorder.MethodA systematic review of the literature was performed to examine the evidence of relationship between self-efficacy and cognitions with the severity of panic disorder. PubMed and PsycInfo databases were searched.ResultsThe studies conclude that a higher level of self-efficacy decreases anticipatory anxiety and negative emotional states in panic disorder with agoraphobia, reducing the severity of panic disorder. There is a temporal relationship between dysfunctional beliefs, self-efficacy and fear of a panic attack: changes in fear are preceded by changes in beliefs, changes in efficacy or changes in both beliefs and self-efficacy. Therefore, a higher level of self-efficacy and positive beliefs have been studied as a significant predictor of lower severity of the disorder and a greater improvement during treatment.ConclusionsThese results support the hypothesis that cognitive changes precede improvement and the importance of cognitive appraisals for anticipatory anxiety and severity of the panic disorder with agoraphobia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Outcomes of promotion, prevention, treatment and care
Authors: Muijen M. 
Published: May 2016

The WHO European Mental Health Action Plan encompasses promotion, prevention, treatment and recovery, within the context of a model of mental health that proposes a set of socio-economic and biological determinants that predispose to vulnerabilities and increase the risk of disorders. These determinants also negatively affect access to and quality of care. Such risk factors are shared with common non-communicable disorders, increasing the risk of morbidity and early mortality for people with mental disorders.Mental health promotion and prevention actions should therefore be addressing determinants such as alcohol and smoking. However, such determinants are not equally distributed in the population, but cluster among vulnerable groups, such as those with a low income, the unemployed and minority groups. These groups overlap with the populations services struggle to reach. In addition, both primary care and specialist mental health services struggle to identify and treat people with co-morbidities. This suggests that connections need to be established between public health, primary care and specialist mental health services.WHO is focussing on the strengthening of primary care and the interface with mental health services. In particular, there is an urgent need to screen people who present with symptoms of NCDs or mental disorders for common determinants and co-morbidities. Effective health promotion activities need to be offered to populations at risk, in addition to universal health promotion interventions such as taxation or advertising bans. Some examples will be presented.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Psychosocial functioning impairment in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder II: The role of clinical factors
Authors: Ilhan R.S. , Senturk-Cankorur V. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionGrowing body of evidence have showed that euthymic bipolar patients have poor psychosocial functioning. Most of the studies have focused on the psychosocial functioning in euthymic bipolar disorder (BD)-I patients. On the contrary, there have been limited researches investigating psychosocial functioning in euthymic BD-II patients. Moreover, the factors associated with psychosocial functioning in euthymic patients with BD II have been also understudied.Objectives/aimsAim of our study was to investigate the association between clinical variables and poor psychosocial functioning in euthymic BD-II patients. Hypothesis of this study was that euthymic BD-II patients would have low level of psychosocial functioning compared with healthy individuals.MethodsBD-II (n = 37) and healthy subjects (n = 35) were compared in terms of their psychosocial functioning which were assessed by Functional Assessment Short Test (FAST). The euthymic state was confirmed by low scores both on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). Anxiety symptoms were also assessed by Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) in both groups. Clinical variables were taken as independent variables and FAST scores were taken as dependent variable in order to run correlation analysis in BD-II group.ResultsNo socio-demographic differences were found between two groups. Euthymic BD-II patients had significantly higher FAST, HARS, HDRS YMRS scores compared with healthy individuals. Only HDRS scores correlated with FAST scores of BD-II patients.ConclusionsThis study indicated that euthymic BD-II patients had poorer psychosocial functioning. And subclinical depressive symptoms were associated with poor psychosocial functioning.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Recognition and treatment of bipolar mixed states
Authors: Leite F. , Salgado H. , Olga C. , Carvalho P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionMixed features refers to the presence of high and low symptoms occurring at the same time, or as part of a single episode, in people experiencing an episode of mania or depression. In most forms of bipolar disorder, moods alternate between elevated and depressed over time. A person with mixed features experiences symptoms of both mood “poles” – mania and depression – simultaneously or in rapid sequence.Aims and objectivesTo review the nosological status of bipolar mixed states and its treatment.MethodsOnline search/review of the literature has been carried out, using Medline/Pubmed, concerning “mixed states”, “affective disorder”, “bipolar disorder”.ResultsThe presence of depressive symptomatology during acute mania has been termed mixed mania, dysphoric mania, depressive mania or mixed bipolar disorder. Highly prevalent, mixed mania occurs in at least 30% of bipolar patients. Correct diagnosis is a major challenge. The presence of mixed features is associated with a worse clinical course and higher rates of comorbidities. There is ongoing debate about the role of antidepressants in the evolution of such states.ConclusionsClinical vigilance and careful evaluation are required to ensure mixed states are not missed in the clinical context. Atypical antipsychotics are emerging as the medications of choice in the pharmacological management of mixed states.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Control of attention in bipolar disorder: Effects of perceptual load in processing task-irrelevant facial expressions
Authors: Grave J. , Soares S. , Madeira N. , Rodrigues P. , Santos T. , Roque C. , Morais S. , Pereira C. , Santos V. 
Published: May 2016

Bipolar disorder (BD), along with schizophrenia, is one of the most severe psychiatric conditions and is correlated with attentional deficits and emotion dysregulation. Bipolar patients appear to be highly sensitive to the presence of emotional distractors. Yet, no study has investigated whether perceptual load modulates the interference of emotionally distracting information. Our main goal was to test whether bipolar patients are more sensitive to task-irrelevant emotional stimulus, even when the task demands a high amount of attentional resources.Fourteen participants with BD I or BD II and 14 controls, age- and gender-matched, performed a target-letter discrimination task with emotional task-irrelevant stimulus (angry, happy and neutral facial expressions). Target-letters were presented among five distractor-letters, which could be the same (low perceptual load) or different (high perceptual load). Participants should discriminate the target-letter and ignore the facial expression. Response time and accuracy rate were analyzed.Resultsshowed a greater interference of facial stimuli at high load than low load, confirming the effectiveness of perceptual load manipulation. More importantly, patients tarried significantly longer at high load. This is consistent with deficits in control of attention, showing that bipolar patients are more prone to distraction by task-irrelevant stimulus only when the task is more demanding. Moreover, for bipolar patients neutral and angry faces resulted in a higher interference with the task (longer response time), compared to controls, suggesting an attentional bias for neutral and threating social cues. Nevertheless, a more detailed investigation regarding the attentional impairments in social context in BD is needed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Clinical overlap between behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia and bipolar disorder: A case report
Authors: Oliveira P. , Roque C. , Santos V. , Madeira N. 
Published: May 2016

The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) often begins with psychiatric symptoms, including changes in personal conduct and/or interpersonal behavior. Prior to developing cognitive impairment, differentiating FTD from primary psychiatric disorders might be challenging.This work presents a case of a manic episode with psychotic features in a 61-year-old man, whom personality changes and daily life difficulties arouse and persist after optimal management of the active manic and psychotic symptoms. Neuropsychological assessment detailed severe deficits among visuospatial and planning performances. Structural neuroimaging (CT-scan) primary revealed a global pattern of brain volume reduction. Severe perfusion deficits on frontal and both parietal lobes were shown on 99mTc-HMPAO single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The hypothesis of probable FTD (behavioral variant) was established.The present case highlights how putative atypical and late-onset forms of bipolar disorder (BD) might instead progress to FTD. Several links are being advanced between the BD and FTD, for instance the close involvement of the C9ORF72 gene in a group of BD patients which progresses to dementia. These relations have actually been on focus recently. The field is however still relatively unexplored.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Significant response to amantadine in a patient with malignant catatonia: A case report
Authors: Maki M. , Kato O. , Kunimatsu J. , Sato T. , Fujie S. 
Published: May 2016

PurposeCatatonia is a complication of bipolar disorder, which is a constellation of symptoms such as catalepsy, mutism, and stupor. Standard therapy for catatonia contains benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy. An uncomplicated catatonia is usually a benign condition. On the other hand, malignant catatonia is a life-threatening condition that is complicated with fever, autonomic instability, delirium, and rigidity. The syndrome is typically fulminant and progresses rapidly within a few days without appropriate intervention. Several previous reports suggested that some catatonia are associated with the overstimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and that amantadine may have an effectiveness for catatonia, as a NMDA receptor antagonist. We report a case of successful treatment for malignant catatonia refractory to benzodiazepines, by using amantadine.Materials and methods/caseA 64-year-old Japanese woman with bipolar disorder was referred to our hospital because of 8-week prolonged fever. On admission, she was in febrile and stuporous states. Severe rigidity was observed in her extremities. Blood tests, lumbar puncture, and blood cultures were all negative. Brain MRI was normal. Consequently, we reached a diagnosis of malignant catatonia, and thus we gave additional benzodiazepines for her catatonic symptoms. However, there was no improvement, and we finally add a 50 mg/day amantadine for her malignant catatonic state.ResultHer fever resolved in a few days. Gradual dose-titration of amantadine led her clinical manifestation to completely disappeared.ConclusionAmantadine can be a potential option as one of the pharmacological therapies for refractory malignant catatonia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.