bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The presence of anaemia negatively influences survival in patients with POLG disease
Authors: Hikmat Omar , Charalampos Tzoulis , Klingenberg Claus , Rasmussen Magnhild , Tallaksen Chantal M. E. , Brodtkorb Eylert , Fiskerstrand Torunn , McFarland Robert , Rahman Shamima , Bindoff Laurence A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundMitochondria play an important role in iron metabolism and haematopoietic cell homeostasis. Recent studies in mice showed that a mutation in the catalytic subunit of polymerase gamma (POLG) was associated with haematopoietic dysfunction including anaemia. The aim of this study was to analyse the frequency of anaemia in a large cohort of patients with POLG related disease.MethodsWe conducted a multi‐national, retrospective study of 61 patients with confirmed, pathogenic biallelic POLG mutations from six centres, four in Norway and two in the United Kingdom. Clinical, laboratory and genetic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Anaemia was defined as an abnormally low haemoglobin value adjusted for age and sex. Univariate survival analysis was performed using log‐rank test to compare differences in survival time between categories.ResultsAnaemia occurred in 67% (41/61) of patients and in 23% (14/61) it was already present at clinical presentation. The frequency of anaemia in patients with early onset disease including Alpers syndrome and myocerebrohepatopathy spectrum (MCHS) was high (72%) and 35% (8/23) of these had anaemia at presentation. Survival analysis showed that the presence of anaemia was associated with a significantly worse survival (P = 0.004).ConclusionOur study reveals that anaemia can be a feature of POLG‐related disease. Further, we show that its presence is associated with significantly worse prognosis either because anaemia itself is impacting survival or because it reflects the presence of more serious disease. In either case, our data suggests anaemia is a marker for negative prognosis.
Review: Omics and Strategic Yield Improvement in Oil Crops
Authors: Teh Huey Fang , Neoh Bee Keat , Ithnin Nalisha , Daim Leona Daniela Jeffery , Ooi Tony Eng Keong , Appleton David Ross 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCrop yield improvement is essential for feeding the growing world population without concomitant increases in land allocated to agriculture. Oil crops are critical components of food supply as well as non‐food applications. Oil palm is of particular value due to its significantly higher yield per unit area of land as compared to other oil crops. In the context of sustainable production of edible oils, this review will discuss the role of biochemical‐omics techniques, including metabolomics, transcriptomics and proteomics research for yield improvement through plant breeding; in particular, the unique challenges of the mesocarp‐oil bearing perennial crop, oil palm, are specifically discussed along with perspectives on what is needed for future crop improvement. Future oil crop improvement will need to go beyond classical trait selection, and omics research needs to go beyond looking at oil biosynthesis and fruit development. We need to explore carbon supply and flux, plant stress response, nutrient uptake and water use through a combination of genetics, biochemistry, epigenetics and gene interaction coupled to more detailed and continuous phenotypic data analysis.
Fissures and Fractures in the Koyna Seismogenic Zone, Western India
Authors: Misra Surajit , Roy Sukanta , Bartakke Vikrant , Athavale Gaurav , Gupta Harsh 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
The 1967 M6.3 earthquake near the Koyna dam produced a surface rupture zone following a NNE-SSW structural trend. The rupture zone is documented in a report by the officers of the Geological Survey of India (GSI, 1968). The surface expressions of the rupture comprising fissures, en-echelon fractures, oblique or diagonal tensional cracks and mole tracks, termed here as the Koyna Fissure Zone (KFZ), were reported over a limited area, about 1000m in length and 200 m in width, located to the southeast of the Koyna dam between Donichawadi and Kadoli. The Koyna region was revisited recently for investigating the fissures, to help in locating potential sites for scientific deep drilling. Most of the reported surface deformation features are obliterated due to intense weathering and laterization of the exposed basalt surface during the past 48 years. However, careful field investigations in the Donichawadi-Kadoli area as well as in the surrounding region show that fissures and fractures are still preserved at several locations. The fissures trend between N30°W to N50°E, similar to that reported previously. The mean orientation of these fissures is 25°/89°-E. Transposition of one set of fissures by another set provide strong evidence for repeated brittle deformation in the area. Physical and microstructural studies on core samples of granite-gneiss basement rock underlying Deccan basalt in the area, obtained from a 1522 m deep borehole at Rasati, confirm the extension of the surface fissures to depth. Occurrences of secondary mineralization along these fissures indicate the percolation of water through fractures within basement granitoids. The evidences for water channelization may have direct implications for the occurrence of reservoir triggered earthquakes in the Koyna region for the past five decades.
Gold - Sulphide Mineralization in Ultramafic-Mafic-Granite Complex of Jashpur, Bastar Craton, Central India: Evidences from Geophysical Studies
Authors: Kumar Dewashish , Rao D. V. Subba , Mondal Setbandhu , Sridhar K. , Rajesh K. , Satyanarayanan M. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Time Domain Induced Polarization (TDIP) investigation in conjunction with high resolution electrical resistivity tomography surveys carried out at seven sites along a 5.2 km line in Jashpur and Raigarh districts of Chhattisgarh State yielded promising results leading to the demarcation of mineralized zones. These sites are confined to ultramafic-mafic-felsic intrusive complexes representing gabbro-pyroxenite-granite sequences characterized by gold - sulphide mineralization. Two dimensional (2D) geophysical datasets yielded interesting results and a good correlation is found between 2D inverted resistivity tomography and time domain induced polarization (IP) models. Both high resistivity-high chargeability as well as low resistivity-high chargeability conditions have been inferred from these datasets. This observation is consistent with conductive metallic mineralization. Interpretation of the Pharsabahar-Pandripani site, reveals a chargeability magnitude of 9-14 mV/V, which represents a strong metallic conductor associated with gold-sulphide ore body. The results at Samarkachar site are equally significant, showing a good correlation with the presence of a low resistivity and high chargeability zone. Hence, the present study suggests a new scope for application of resistivity and IP tomography surveys for mineral prospecting in favourable geological settings.
Occurrence of Népouite in the Serpentinite of the Manipur Ophiolite Belt, Northeastern India: Implication for Melt-rock Interaction in a Supra-subduction Zone
Authors: Ovung Thungyani N. , Ray Jyotisankar , Ghosh Biswajit , Mandal Debabrata , Dasgupta Pallab , Paul Madhuparna 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Serpentinization is pervasive in the ultramafic rocks of Manipur ophiolite belt (MOB), Northeastern India. Electron microprobe data of a serpentinite from the Ukhrul-Nungbi sector of MOB shows Ni-rich serpentine mineral (NiO = 33.4-33.9 wt %, SiO2 = 37.55-38.96 wt %, MgO= 14.83-16.89 wt %). The composition and X-ray diffraction pattern characterize this Ni-rich serpentine mineral as népouite which is suggested to be a hydrothermal alteration product of NiO-rich olivine in a fore-arc peridotite. The genesis of this NiO-rich olivine is attributed to the melt-rock interaction in a supra-subduction zone setting.
Abandoned Mine Galleries Detection using Electrical Resistivity Tomography Method over Jharia Coal Field, India
Authors: Das Prasenjit , Pal S. K. , Mohanty P. R. , Priyam Piyush , Bharti Abhay Kumar , Kumar Rajwardhan 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Land subsidence is a serious problem in Indian coalfields due to old underground mine workings. Unfortunately, most of these are uncharted as no mine plans are available. The hidden galleries, goafs, shafts etc. may pose great threat for future mine development as well as to the local environment. The mine workings should be charted to undertake an effective preventive action. In the present study, 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) technique has been used to detect underground mine workings, mainly air or water filled galleries. Initially, the whole exercise has been executed through a synthetic model study. Gaussian random noise of 5mV/A has been added with synthetic data to demonstrate field condition which provides realistic results. ERT survey was conducted over a part of Jogidih coal mine of Jharia coal field in India for a first time. Four electrode configurations, Wenner, Schlumberger, dipole-dipole and gradient were considered for this study. The results indicate the presence of sub-surface water and air filled cavity due to high resistivity contrast with surroundings.
Overcoming Source Limitations in Drainage Delineation by Combining the Streams of Toposheet and DEM in River Morphometric Studies
Authors: Sah Rajesh Kumar , Das Apurba Kumar 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
This paper suggests an approach that combines the drainages of DEM and toposheets, by matching streams (number and length) and spatial coincidence, the critical aspects of such operations, for overcoming source limitation in river morphometric studies. We illustrate the approach taking Gaurang, a Himalayan river basin, as an example where the toposheets for the uppermost part is inaccessible. Stream matching in terms of number and length is controlled by a method of automatic stream generation from downscaled DEM and flow accumulated rasters. Stream estimated by this method are tested, verified and finally applied to the portion of the basin where the data is unavailable. The other critical aspect-spatial coincidence is controlled by commonly used method of GCPs. In the present case, use of the nodal points of the major tributaries generated from DEM as GCPs for georeferencing of toposheets have restricted the positional mismatch to much less than a pixel. With the consent of both the aspects i.e. stream matching and spatial coincidence, the DEM generated stream is considered to combine with the stream of toposheets to get the drainage of entire basin.
Hydrogeochemistry and Geothermometry of Thermal Springs from the Guelma region, Algeria
Authors: Foued Bouaicha , Hénia Dib , Lazhar Belkhiri , Nabil Manchar , Nabil Chabour 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
This paper reports the results of our studies, the chemical analysis of thermal spring’s waters and their geological settings, the use of different statistical methods to evaluate the origin of the dissolved constituents of spring waters and the estimation of the reservoir temperature of the associated geothermal fields of the Guelma region, Algeria. A major component in 13 spring water samples was analyzed using various techniques. The waters of the thermal springs at Guelma basin vary in temperature between 20 and 94°C. Q-mode hierarchical cluster analysis suggests three groups. The water springs were classified as low, moderate and high salinity. Mineral saturation indices (SI) calculated from major ions indicate the spring waters are supersaturated with the most of the carbonate minerals, and all of the spring water samples are under-saturated with evaporite minerals. The thermal spring waters have a meteoric origin, and all samples are immature with strong mixing between warm and shallow waters, where the temperatures of reservoirs to which the thermal waters are related ranged between 64° and 124°C. The deep circulation of meteoric waters in the study area is supplied by the high geothermal gradient around 4.5°C per 100 m and reaches a high temperature before rising to the surface. The estimated circulation depths ranged from 1425 and 3542 m.
Assessment of Arsenic Health Risk and Source Apportionment of Groundwater Pollutants using Multivariate Statistical Techniques in Chapai-Nawabganj District, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam A. R. M. Towfiqul , Shen Shuang-He , Bodrud-Doza Md. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
This study assessed arsenic health risk to the local residents through oral and dermal exposure pathways of drinking water and to investigate source apportionment of groundwater pollutants using multivariate statistical techniques in the Chapai-Nawabganj district, Bangladesh. Groundwater samples collected from shallow tube well and dug well at the depth ranges (15-60 m) were analyzed for physio-chemical parameters and trace elements. Most of the studied physio-chemical parameters were found within their respective permissible limits. However, total As, Fe and Mn concentrations exceeded Bangladesh and WHO guideline values. The assessment of arsenic health risk reveals that children as compared to adults are found at a higher risk as the values of hazard quotients (HQ) &gt;1 in the most of the groundwater samples. This level of arsenic contamination should have medium to high chronic risk and medium carcinogenic risk when compared with US EPA guidelines which can cause serious health hazard. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) and factor analysis (CA) indicate that geogenic (interaction of water and basement rock) and anthropogenic (agrochemicals, agricultural fertilizer and domestic sewage) sources are responsible for variation in arsenic and other physio-chemical parameters in the groundwater aquifer of the study area. Furthermore,the inter-correlation of arsenic with metals and ions were also calculated by correlation matrix and linear regression analysis. The outcomes of this study will help to meet the challenge of sustainable groundwater quality management in Bangladesh and enhancing better vision of potential health risk of local inhabitants in the study area.
Professional and Regulatory Infection Control Guidelines: Collaboration to Promote Patient Safety
Authors: Clayton Judith L. , Miller Kimberly J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractProfessional organizations and regulatory agencies collaborate on infection prevention and control guidelines to support preventing and controlling infection in the surgical setting. More specifically, regulatory and accrediting agencies, professional associations, and advisory committees create and promote the use of evidence‐based recommendations for preventing surgical site infections. Many agencies perform accreditation surveys to ensure compliance with these standards and guidelines. Perioperative personnel can use these resources to implement and sustain essential processes for infection prevention and control and to facilitate staff member compliance with standards, regulations, and best practices. To guide perioperative practice, it is important for nurses to understand the role of these agencies and organizations and the resources each offers to help ensure the best patient outcomes.
Concise informed consent to increase data and biospecimen access may accelerate innovative Alzheimer's disease treatments
Authors: Hake Ann M. , Dacks Penny A. , Arnerić Stephen P. ,   CAMD ICF working group
Published: September 2017

AbstractIntroductionInformed consent forms that restrict the distribution of data and samples have been an impediment to advancing Alzheimer's disease (AD) understandings and treatments. The Coalition Against Major Disease public‐private partnership developed concise addenda to responsibly broaden data access of informed consent forms.MethodsCoalition Against Major Disease members identified key elements for ensuring data and biospecimen access, and patient privacy protection according to applicable US law. Collaboration with the Alzheimer's Association established the understandability and relevance of the addenda with AD patients and Care Partners.ResultsTwo key findings are (1) patients with dementia and Care Partners were shocked that their data and samples are not broadly shared and (2) with diverse feedback, two concise addenda were created to enable data and sample sharing both within and outside future sponsored studies (see Boxes).DiscussionIncreasing the access of valuable anonymized patient‐level clinical trial data has the potential to inform the foundational and regulatory science required to deliver innovative treatments for AD.
Video Head Impulse Test for Early Diagnosis of Vestibular Neuritis Among Acute Vertigo
Authors: Guan Qiongfeng , Zhang Lisan , Hong Wenke , Yang Yi , Chen Zhaoying , Lu Peilin , Zhang Dan , Hu Xingyue 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground: This study assesses the value of the video head impulse test (vHIT) for early diagnosis of vestibular neuritis (VN) among acute vertigo. Methods: Thirty-three cases of vestibular neuritis (VN), 96 patients with other acute vertigo (AV), and 50 cases of normal controls used vHIT to quantitatively test a pair of horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflection (VOR) gains, two pairs of vertical VOR gains, and the corresponding three pairs of VOR gain asymmetry. The peculiarity of VOR gains in VN and the differences between VN and other AV, normal controls by vHIT, were collected and analyzed. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the three pairs of VOR gains asymmetry between VN and other AV, and normal controls (P<0.01). The sensitivity was 87.9% and specificity was 94.3% in differentiating VN from normal and other acute vertigo by vHIT. Conclusions: This study shows vHIT has advantages in the diagnosis of VN in acute vertigo with good sensitivity and specificity and indicates a widespread clinical application.
Bio-degradable highly fluorescent conjugated polymer nanoparticles for bio-medical imaging applications
Authors: Repenko Tatjana , Rix Anne , Ludwanowski Simon , Go Dennis , Kiessling Fabian , Lederle Wiltrud , Kuehne Alexander J. C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractConjugated polymer nanoparticles exhibit strong fluorescence and have been applied for biological fluorescence imaging in cell culture and in small animals. However, conjugated polymer particles are hydrophobic and often chemically inert materials with diameters ranging from below 50 nm to several microns. As such, conjugated polymer nanoparticles cannot be excreted through the renal system. This drawback has prevented their application for clinical bio-medical imaging. Here, we present fully conjugated polymer nanoparticles based on imidazole units. These nanoparticles can be bio-degraded by activated macrophages. Reactive oxygen species induce scission of the conjugated polymer backbone at the imidazole unit, leading to complete decomposition of the particles into soluble low molecular weight fragments. Furthermore, the nanoparticles can be surface functionalized for directed targeting. The approach opens a wide range of opportunities for conjugated polymer particles in the fields of medical imaging, drug-delivery, and theranostics.
Planar polarized Rab35 functions as an oscillatory ratchet during cell intercalation in the Drosophila epithelium
Authors: Jewett Cayla E. , Vanderleest Timothy E. , Miao Hui , Xie Yi , Madhu Roopa , Loerke Dinah , Blankenship J. Todd 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe coordination between membrane trafficking and actomyosin networks is essential to the regulation of cell and tissue shape. Here, we examine Rab protein distributions during Drosophila epithelial tissue remodeling and show that Rab35 is dynamically planar polarized. Rab35 compartments are enriched at contractile interfaces of intercalating cells and provide the first evidence of interfacial monopolarity. When Rab35 function is disrupted, apical area oscillations still occur and contractile steps are observed. However, contractions are followed by reversals and interfaces fail to shorten, demonstrating that Rab35 functions as a ratchet ensuring unidirectional movement. Although actomyosin forces have been thought to drive interface contraction, initiation of Rab35 compartments does not require Myosin II function. However, Rab35 compartments do not terminate and continue to grow into large elongated structures following actomyosin disruption. Finally, Rab35 represents a common contractile cell-shaping mechanism, as mesoderm invagination fails in Rab35 compromised embryos and Rab35 localizes to constricting surfaces.
Self-supporting sulfur cathodes enabled by two-dimensional carbon yolk-shell nanosheets for high-energy-density lithium-sulfur batteries
Authors: Pei Fei , Lin Lele , Ou Daohui , Zheng Zongmin , Mo Shiguang , Fang Xiaoliang , Zheng Nanfeng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHow to exert the energy density advantage is a key link in the development of lithium–sulfur batteries. Therefore, the performance degradation of high-sulfur-loading cathodes becomes an urgent problem to be solved at present. In addition, the volumetric capacities of high-sulfur-loading cathodes are still at a low level compared with their areal capacities. Aiming at these issues, two-dimensional carbon yolk-shell nanosheet is developed herein to construct a novel self-supporting sulfur cathode. The cathode with high-sulfur loading of 5 mg cm−2 and sulfur content of 73 wt% not only delivers an excellent rate performance and cycling stability, but also provides a favorable balance between the areal (5.7 mAh cm–2) and volumetric (1330 mAh cm–3) capacities. Remarkably, an areal capacity of 11.4 mAh cm–2 can be further achieved by increasing the sulfur loading from 5 to 10 mg cm–2. This work provides a promising direction for high-energy-density lithium–sulfur batteries.
Copy number rather than epigenetic alterations are the major dictator of imprinted methylation in tumors
Authors: Martin-Trujillo Alex , Vidal Enrique , Monteagudo-Sánchez Ana , Sanchez-Delgado Marta , Moran Sebastian , Hernandez Mora Jose Ramon , Heyn Holger , Guitart Miriam , Esteller Manel , Monk David 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIt has been postulated that imprinting aberrations are common in tumors. To understand the role of imprinting in cancer, we have characterized copy-number and methylation in over 280 cancer cell lines and confirm our observations in primary tumors. Imprinted differentially methylated regions (DMRs) regulate parent-of-origin monoallelic expression of neighboring transcripts in cis. Unlike single-copy CpG islands that may be prone to hypermethylation, imprinted DMRs can either loose or gain methylation during tumorigenesis. Here, we show that methylation profiles at imprinted DMRs often not represent genuine epigenetic changes but simply the accumulation of underlying copy-number aberrations (CNAs), which is independent of the genome methylation state inferred from cancer susceptible loci. Our results reveal that CNAs also influence allelic expression as loci with copy-number neutral loss-of-heterozygosity or amplifications may be expressed from the appropriate parental chromosomes, which is indicative of maintained imprinting, although not observed as a single expression foci by RNA FISH.