bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The urticating setae of Ochrogaster lunifer, an Australian processionary caterpillar of veterinary importance
Authors: PERKINS L. E. , ZALUCKI M. P. , PERKINS N. R. , CAWDELL‐SMITH A. J. , TODHUNTER K. H. , BRYDEN W. L. , CRIBB B. W. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe bag‐shelter moth, Ochrogaster lunifer Herrich‐Schaffer (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae), is associated with a condition called equine amnionitis and fetal loss (EAFL) on horse farms in Australia. Setal fragments from O. lunifer larvae have been identified in the placentas of experimentally aborted fetuses and their dams, and in clinical abortions. The gregarious larvae build silken nests in which large numbers cohabit over spring, summer and autumn. The final instars disperse to pupation sites in the ground where they overwinter. Field‐collected O. lunifer larvae, their nests and nearby soil were examined using light and electron microscopy to identify setae likely to cause EAFL and to determine where and how many were present. Microtrichia, barbed hairs and true setae were found on the exoskeletons of the larvae. True setae matching the majority of setal fragments described from equine tissue were found on third to eighth instar larvae or exuviae. The number of true setae increased with the age of the larva; eighth instars carried around 2.0–2.5 million true setae. The exuvia of the pre‐pupal instar was incorporated into the pupal chamber. The major sources of setae are likely to be nests, dispersing pre‐pupal larvae and their exuviae, and pupal chambers.
A tale of two plasticities: leaf hydraulic conductances and related traits diverge for two tropical epiphytes from contrasting light environments
Authors: North Gretchen B. , Browne Marvin G. , Fukui Kyle , Maharaj Franklin D. R. , Phillips Carly A. , Woodside Walter T. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe compared the effects of different light environments on leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) for two congeneric epiphytes, the tank bromeliads Guzmania lingulata (L.) Mez and Guzmania monostachia (L.) Rusby ex Mez. They occur sympatrically at the study site, although G. monostachia is both wider ranging and typically found in higher light. We collected plants from two levels of irradiance and measured Kleaf as well as related morphological and anatomical traits. Leaf xylem conductance (Kxy) was estimated from tracheid dimensions, and leaf conductance outside the xylem (Kox) was derived from a leaky cable model. For G. monostachia, but not for G. lingulata, Kleaf and Kxy were significantly higher in high light conditions. Under both light conditions, Kxy and Kox were co‐limiting for the two species, and all conductances were in the low range for angiosperms. With respect to hydraulic conductances and a number of related anatomical traits, G. monostachia exhibited greater plasticity than did G. lingulata, which responded to high light chiefly by reducing leaf size. The positive plasticity of leaf hydraulic traits in varying light environments in G. monostachia contrasted with negative plasticity in leaf size for G. lingulata, suggesting that G. monostachia may be better able to respond to forest conditions that are likely to be warmer and more disturbed in the future.
Unusual childhood presentations of abdominal non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Foley Robert W , Aworanti Olubenga M , Gorman Laura , McGovern Brianan , O'Sullivan Maureen , Smith Owen P , Twomey Eilish , Gillick John 
Published: December 2015

AbstractNon‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a relatively common childhood cancer that can present in a myriad of ways. It is essential that NHL is included in the differential diagnosis of children presenting with an abdominal complaint, especially those with unexplained or prolonged symptoms. We describe three acute pediatric presentations of abdominal NHL, two of which presented as acute abdomen (the first mimicking intussusception and the second appendicitis), and the third involving lower limb edema. This case series illustrates the array of presentations of abdominal NHL and the diagnostic challenges that they can provide.
Effectiveness of maternal influenza immunization in young infants in Japan
Authors: Sugimura Tetsu , Nagai Takao , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Ozaki Yukiko , Yamakawa Rumi , Hirata Rumiko 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundInfants with influenza, particularly those younger than 1 year of age, are at high risk of developing a severe case or of dying. Recently, owing to the spread of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended maternal immunization to reduce the risk of influenza infection in pregnant women and infants. Such reporting is rare in Japan. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect on the newborn of influenza vaccination of pregnant women in Japan.MethodsThe study included 200 infants who were born to healthy mothers at Kobayashi Ladies Clinic during influenza season from November 2010 to April 2011. The incidence of fever and laboratory‐confirmed influenza was assessed in the infants for the 6 months after their birth.ResultsOf the 200 infants, four were excluded from this study due to loss to follow up. The 106 infants in the group whose mothers received the influenza vaccine (vaccinated group) before parturition were compared with the 90 infants in the group whose mothers did not receive the influenza vaccine (non‐vaccinated group). Fever was noted in 36 infants (34.0%) in the vaccinated group and in 47 infants (52.2%) in the non‐vaccinated group (P < 0.007), and the incidence of influenza was 0 (0%) and 5 (5.6%), respectively (P = 0.019). The incidence of fever and influenza among infants was significantly lower in the vaccinated group compared with the non‐vaccinated group.ConclusionsMaternal influenza immunization should be actively recommended in Japan to protect newborns from influenza viruses.
Current‐aligned dewatering sheets and ‘enhanced’ primary current lineation in turbidite sandstones of the Marnoso‐arenacea Formation
Authors: Amy Lawrence A. , Talling Peter J. , Sumner Esther J. , Malgesini Giuseppe 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTurbidite sandstones of the Miocene Marnoso‐arenacea Formation (northern Apennines, Italy) display centimetre to decimetre long, straight to gently curved, 0·5 to 2·0 cm regularly spaced lineations on depositional (stratification) planes. Sometimes these lineations are the planform expression of sheet structures seen as millimetre to centimetre long vertical ‘pillars’ in profile. Both occur in the middle and upper parts of medium‐grained and fine‐grained sandstone beds composed of crude to well‐defined stratified facies (including corrugated, hummocky‐like, convolute, dish‐structured and dune stratification) and are aligned sub‐parallel to palaeoflow direction as determined from sole marks often in the same beds. Outcrops lack a tectonic‐related fabric and therefore these structures may be confidently interpreted to be sedimentary in origin. Lineations resemble primary current lineations formed by the action of turbulence during bedload transport under upper stage plane bed conditions. However, they typically display a larger spacing and micro‐topography compared to classic primary current lineations and are not associated with planar‐parallel, finely laminated sandstones. This type of ‘enhanced lineation’ is interpreted to develop by the same process as primary current lineations, but under relatively high near‐bed sediment concentrations and suspended load fallout rates, as supported by laboratory experiments and host facies characteristics. Sheets are interpreted to be dewatering structures and their alignment to palaeoflow (only noted in several other outcrops previously) inferred to be a function of vertical water‐escape following the primary depositional grain fabric. For the Marnoso‐arenacea beds, sheet orientation may be linked genetically to the enhanced primary current lineation structures. Current‐aligned lineation and sheet structures can be used as palaeoflow indicators, although the directional significance of sheets needs to be independently confirmed. These indicators also aid the interpretation of dewatered sandstones, suggesting sedimentation under a traction‐dominated depositional flow – with a discrete interface between the aggrading deposit and the flow – as opposed to under higher concentration grain or hindered‐settling dominated regimes.
Low Protein A20 in Minor Salivary Glands is Associated with Lymphoma in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Johnsen S. J. , Gudlaugsson E. , Skaland I. , Janssen E. A. M. , Jonsson M. V. , Helgeland L. , Berget E. , Jonsson R. , Omdal R. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPatients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) have an increased risk of developing lymphomas, particularly the subtype mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Chronic antigen stimulation and increased activation of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) are important factors for the pathogenesis of MALT lymphomas. Protein A20 is an inhibitor of NF‐κB. A recent study of pSS‐associated MALT lymphomas identified potential functional abnormalities in the TNFAIP3 gene, which encodes protein A20. The present study aimed to assess protein A20 by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in minor salivary glands (MSGs) and lymphoma tissue sections of patients with pSS and investigate a potential association with lymphoma development. Protein A20 staining in lymphocytes was scored in four categories (0 = negative, 1 = weak, 2 = moderate and 3 = strong). For statistical purposes, these scores were simplified into negative (scores 0–1) and positive (scores 2–3). We investigated associations between protein A20‐staining, focus scores, germinal centre (GC)‐like structures and monoclonal B‐cell infiltration in MSGs. MSG protein A20 staining was weaker in pSS patients with lymphomas than in those without lymphomas (P = 0.01). Weak protein A20 staining was also highly associated with a lack of GC formation (P < 0.01). Finally, weaker A20 staining was observed in the majority of pSS‐associated MALT lymphoma tissues. In conclusion, we found absent or weak protein A20 immunoreactivity in MSGs of patients with pSS with lymphomas. This finding indicates that protein A20 downregulation in lymphocytes might be a mechanism underlying lymphoma genesis in patients with pSS.
ANTI‐CURARE ACTION OF POTASSIUM AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Authors: Wilson A. T. , Wright Samson 
Published: December 2015

1. The effects of intra‐arterial injection of potassium chloride, prostigmine, adrenaline and acetyl‐choline on normal, curarised and denervated skeletal muscle are described.2. Potassium ions are shown to have a striking anti‐curare action with distinctive characteristics, differing in important respects from that produced by the other drugs named.3. The action of potassium in antagonising fatigue in striped muscle is very slight. The same is the case with prostigmine. These findings and other results recorded in the literature suggest that the mechanism of curare action and that of fatigue in striped muscle differ in fundamental respects.
AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE ACTION OF ADRENALINE AND HISTAMINE ON DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE PULMONARY VASCULAR BED
Authors: Daly I. de Burgh , Foggie P. , Hebb Catherine O. 
Published: December 2015

In isolated dog's lungs under negative pressure ventilation and perfused at constant volume inflow with defibrinated blood—1. The increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and the augmentation in venous outflow produced by adrenaline are suppressed or reversed by ergotoxine.2. Evidence is produced which favours the view that the blood‐vessels responsible for the adrenaline rise in pulmonary pressure differ from those which cause the increase in venous outflow.3. Histamine in small doses tends to increase and in large doses to diminish the venous outflow. The venous outflow response to histamine is also determined by other experimental conditions; the presence of ether in the lungs and a low venous pressure favour a histamine diminution in outflow.Experiments have been reported which suggest that, by injection of drugs into the pulmonary vascular bed by way of the bronchial arteries, it is possible to confine the site of drug action chiefly or almost exclusively to the pulmonary veins in lungs perfused in the normal direction, and in all probability chiefly or almost exclusively to the pulmonary arteries in lungs perfused in the reverse direction. Using this method, results have been obtained which indicate that adrenaline in small doses constricts both pulmonary arteries and veins, and in large doses probably constricts the pulmonary capillaries.The authors express their thanks to the Government Grants Committee of the Royal Society for a grant to one of them (I. de B. D.) and to the Lewis Cameron Research Fund which defrayed the cost of animals.
Draft Genome Sequence of Streptomyces mutabilis TRM45540, Isolated from a Hypersaline Soil Sample
Authors: Luo Xiaoxia , Wan Chuanxing , Zhang Lili 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Streptomyces mutabilis
TRM45540, a strain isolated from a soil sample from Xinjiang, China. Analysis of the genome using the bioinformatics tool antiSMASH showed the presence of many unique natural-product biosynthetic pathways.
Draft Genome of the
Arthrobacter
sp. Strain Edens01
Authors: Couger M. B. , Hanafy Radwa A. , Edens Curtis , Budd Connie , French Donald P. , Hoff Wouter D. , Elshahed Mostafa S. , Youssef Noha H. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of
Arthrobacter
sp. strain Edens01, isolated from a leaf surface of a Rosa hybrid plant as part of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute-funded Student Initiated Microbial Discovery (SIMD) project. The genome has a total size of 3,639,179 bp and contig
N
50
of 454,897 bp.
Genome Sequence of Bradyrhizobium viridifuturi Strain SEMIA 690
T
, a Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiont of
Centrosema pubescens
Authors: Helene Luisa Caroline Ferraz , Gomes Douglas Fabiano , Delamuta Jakeline Renata Marçon , Ribeiro Renan Augusto , Souza Renata Carolini , Almeida Luiz Gonzaga Paula , Vasconcelos Ana Tereza Ribeiro , Hungria Mariangela 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

SEMIA 690
T
is a nitrogen-fixing symbiont of
Centrosema pubescens
, and comprises the recently described species
Bradyrhizobium viridifuturi
. Its draft genome indicates that it belongs to the
Bradyrhizobium elkanii
superclade. SEMIA 690
T
carries two copies of the regulatory
nodD
gene, and the
nod
and
nif
operons resemble those of
Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens
.
Genomic Sequence of a Clinical Vancomycin-Resistant Reference Strain, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299
Authors: Sung Kidon , Khan Saeed , Marasa Bernard , Min Seonggi , Kweon Ohgew , Nawaz Mohamed , Cerniglia Carl 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we present a draft genome sequence of a quality control reference strain,
Enterococcus faecalis
ATCC 51299 (multilocus sequencing type [MLST] ST6), which is sensitive to teicoplanin but resistant to vancomycin. It is used in an agar screening test for streptomycin, gentamicin, and vancomycin resistance and the resistance marker
vanB
.
Correlation of ERG immunohistochemistry with molecular detection ofTMPRSS2-ERGgene fusion
Authors: Sung Ji-Youn , Jeon Hwang Gyun , Jeong Byong Chang , Seo Seong Il , Jeon Seong Soo , Lee Hyun Moo , Choi Han Yong , Kang So Young , Choi Yoon-La , Kwon Ghee Young 
Published: December 2015

AimsTMPRSS2/E26 transformation-specific (ETS) family gene fusion in prostate carcinoma (PCa) can be detected by several methods including immunohistochemistry (IHC) for ETS-related gene (ERG), the diagnostic utility of which has not been clearly defined.MethodsWe exploredTMPRSS2-ERGgene rearrangement status in 132 patients with PCa with four detection methods including fluorescence in situ hybridisation forTMPRSS2-ERGfusion, real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) forERGandTMPRSS-ERGfusion transcript mRNA and IHC for ERG.ResultsConcordant results were found in 126 cases for the four detection methods and the remaining six cases showed discrepancy in one method: two cases in IHC, three cases in RT-qPCR for ERG and one case in RT-qPCR for fusion transcript. In discordant cases, the majority results were determined as final fusion status. Analysis of discrepancy cases for ERG IHC showed that weak immunoreactivity for ERG should be regarded as equivocal and that even strong immunoreactivity can be false positive. The overall incidence ofTMPRSS-ERGgene fusion was 24%.ConclusionsERG IHC is a useful surrogate test for the detection ofTMPRSS2-ERGgene fusion, but it needs to be interpreted with caution and definite judgement should not be based on IHC alone. A relatively low incidence ofTMPRSS2-ERGgene fusion was demonstrated in this Korean cohort.
Abstract A01: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and its effects on tumor cell growth
Authors: Aggarwal Sadhna , Das Satya N. , Sharma Suresh C. , Devaraja K 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Objective: VEGF plays an important role in tumor growth, development and progression by promoting angiogenesis. However its role in oral carcinogenesis is not established. In the present study we investigated serum and tissue expression of VEGF in oral cancer patients and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters; as well as with tumor cell proliferation using OSCC cell lines.
Materials and Methods: Cell and tissue expression of VEGF was determined by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence assay while serum level of VEGF was determined by ELISA. Tumor cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay.
Results: VEGF mRNA in tissue was significantly upregulated in tumor area compared to normal area of the same specimen as observed by qRT-PCR (R=7.28±1.40; p= 0.029) and western blot assay (p=0.0345). Significantly higher expression of VEGF was observed in sera of oral cancer patients (p&lt;0.0001) as compared to normal controls. Serum VEGF levels further showed positive correlation with clinical stage and lymph node involvement. In ROC analysis serum VEGF level distinguished between patients and normals with a higher sensitivity and specificity of 65.71% and 66.67% respectively. OSCC cell lines showed higher expression of VEGF and significantly higher proliferation in response to exogenous VEGF in in vitro assay.
Conclusion: Result of the present study indicates a significant role of VEGF in development, establishment and distant spread of oral cancer, besides tumor cell proliferation. Hence serum level of VEGF may be useful for diagnostic and prognostic purposes as well as potential target for development of chemopreventive agents for oral cancer.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Sadhna Aggarwal, Satya N. Das, Suresh C. Sharma, K Devaraja. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and its effects on tumor cell growth. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Angiogenesis and Vascular Normalization: Bench to Bedside to Biomarkers; Mar 5-8, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A01.
Abstract A14: Use of VEGF-based splicing-sensitive fluorescent reporters to screen for anti-angiogenic molecules
Authors: Star Eleanor , Harper Steven , Bates David , Oltean Sebastian 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Two vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein families are generated via alternative splicing of the VEGF gene terminal exon. Use of the canonical proximal 3' splice site results in pro-angiogenic VEGF isoforms (VEGFxxx). Anti-angiogenic (VEGFxxxb) isoforms are produced through usage of a distal 3' splice site. In a quest to discover novel anti-angiogenic compounds we performed a screen using molecular tools designed to mimic VEGF splicing.
Splicing-sensitive fluorescent reporters (SSFRs) can be used to study specific splicing events. A bichromatic SSFR has been engineered to mimic VEGF terminal exon splicing. Endogenous VEGF intron 7 and parts of exon 8 have been inserted into the reporter. These sequences are followed by the coding sequences for two fluorescent proteins. Depending on which alternative 3' splice site is used, a different fluorescent protein is expressed. This splicing reporter allows VEGF alternative splicing to be followed in vitro and in vivo.
Reporter validation was achieved by transfection of the reporter in several cell lines with differential endogenous VEGF splicing as well as by treating stable cell lines expressing the reporter with growth factors or small molecule inhibitors known to alter VEGF alternative splicing. Flow cytometric analysis was used to evaluate the alternative splicing pattern. Following successful validation, several small pilot screens looking for novel regulators of the pro/anti-angiogenic splicing switch were undertaken with growth factors and various chemicals.
Following validation and pilot experiments, a large screen of 1280 pharmacologically active compounds (LOPAC library) was performed. Changes to reporter splicing were measured using a fluorescent plate reader. Hits from the screen were investigated further using flow cytometry to confirm alteration in splicing pattern. Several compounds of interest were identified and their effect on endogenous pro/anti-angiogenic VEGF being confirmed by RTPCR. Anti-angiogenic activity is being assessed by several in vitro and in vivo angiogenic assays.
Citation Format: Eleanor Star, Steven Harper, David Bates, Sebastian Oltean. Use of VEGF-based splicing-sensitive fluorescent reporters to screen for anti-angiogenic molecules. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Angiogenesis and Vascular Normalization: Bench to Bedside to Biomarkers; Mar 5-8, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A14.