bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of a prospective phase 2 study of pazopanib in patients with advanced intermediate‐grade or high‐grade liposarcoma
Authors: Samuels Brian L. , Chawla Sant P. , Somaiah Neeta , Staddon Arthur P. , Skubitz Keith M. , Milhem Mohammed M. , Kaiser Pamela E. , Portnoy David C. , Priebat Dennis A. , Walker Mark S. , Stepanski Edward J. 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDThis phase 2, single‐arm, multicenter study was designed to determine the treatment activity and safety of single‐agent pazopanib in patients with unresectable or metastatic liposarcoma.METHODSEligible patients had high‐grade or intermediate‐grade liposarcoma with measurable tumors that were unresectable or metastatic, documented disease progression, and had received any number of prior treatments, excluding previous treatment with a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor or a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Patients received oral pazopanib 800 mg once daily for 28‐day cycles. Tumor response was evaluated by local radiology assessments every 3 cycles. The primary endpoint was the progression‐free rate (PFR) at 12 weeks (PFR12).RESULTSForty‐one patients were enrolled. The PFR12 was 68.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 51.9%‐81.9%), which was significantly greater than the null hypothesis value of 40% (P = .0002). At 24 weeks, 39% of patients (95% CI, 24.2%‐55.5%) remained progression free, and 44% experienced tumor control (partial response or stable disease). The median progression‐free survival was 4.4 months (95% CI, 3.2‐6.5 months), and the median overall survival was 12.6 months (95% CI, 8.5‐16.2 months). The most common adverse events overall were nausea (39%), hypertension (36.6%), diarrhea (34.1%), and fatigue (29.3%), which were typically less than grade 3. There were 5 deaths on study (12.2%), 3 of which were from possible complications of therapy.CONCLUSIONSThe current study provides evidence of potential activity of pazopanib in the liposarcoma subset of patients with soft tissue sarcoma that was specifically excluded from the phase 3 PALETTE trial of other soft tissue sarcoma types. Cancer 2017;123:4640‐4647. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Identification of distinct cytomorphologic features in the diagnosis of NIFTP at the time of preoperative FNA: Implications for patient management
Authors: Chandler Jocelyn B. , Colunga Monica , Prasad Manju L. , Callender Glenda G. , Quinn Courtney , Chhieng David , Adeniran Adebowale J. 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDA major reclassification occurred with the redesignation of noninvasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTP) due to its indolent nature. The aim of this study was to determine whether distinct cytomorphologic features could be identified on preoperative fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) when NIFTP cases were compared with invasive follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) subtypes.METHODSThyroid resection cases with the diagnosis of FVPTC from 2012 to 2016 were reclassified as NIFTP, invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (IEFVPTC), and invasive FVPTC subtypes. Corresponding FNA specimens were retrieved and retrospectively reviewed. A univariate analysis using Fisher's exact test was performed to determine any differences in the frequencies of various cytomorphologic features among NIFTP, IEFVPTC, and FVPTC cases. A multivariate analysis was performed to identify any independent salient features that would be helpful in differentiating NIFTP from its invasive counterparts.RESULTSThe study population consisted of 93 cases, including 51 cases of NIFTP, 21 cases of IEFVPTC, and 21 cases of infiltrative FVPTC. Demographics such as age, sex, and tumor size were comparable across the 3 groups. A predominantly microfollicular pattern, an absence of nuclear pseudo‐inclusions, and less frequent nuclear elongations and grooves were significantly more likely to be associated with NIFTP versus its invasive counterparts. The absence of nuclear pseudo‐inclusions and the presence of a microfollicular pattern were the only independent predictors of a NIFTP diagnosis.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrates that NIFTP cases have distinguishing cytomorphologic characteristics in comparison with invasive FVPTC cases. Therefore, a preoperative cytologic evaluation provides clues that can aid in the distinction between NIFTP and its invasive counterparts. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:865–75. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Digitally reconstructing Van Gogh's Field with Irises near Arles. Part 1: Varnish
Authors: Kirchner Eric , van der Lans Ivo , Ligterink Frank , Hendriks Ella , Delaney John 
Published: August 2017

AbstractVarnish layers applied to paintings often discolor as they age, upsetting the original colour relationships intended by the artist. The removal of aged varnish layers using physical and chemical means is a highly skilled and often time‐consuming operation, which is not lightly undertaken. There are many aspects under consideration before embarking upon such treatment, including the visual result inferred by spot cleaning tests. In this article, we develop a technique for digital removal of discolored varnish that can help to envisage how a painting will look following cleaning treatment. The digital technique was applied to Vincent van Gogh's painting Field with Irises near Arles (May 1888), in parallel to the painting actually being cleaned, which allowed direct validation of the method developed. In the new method, we utilized not only hyperspectral data from parts of the painting with and without the varnish, but also experts' identification of spots on the painting where unmixed white pigment has been applied. The physical model that we use is based on Kubelka‐Munk two‐constant theory, commonly used to model the optical properties of paint. We show that with this model it is possible to determine the transmittance and reflectance of the varnish layer as function of wavelength. Results from previous studies confirm the calculated values. With the new method, we created a high‐resolution digital image of the painting, as it would look after varnish removal, at a moment when the actual varnish was still present on the painting. The new method may help conservators and others involved in decisions made regarding issues of varnish removal from paintings, or may help to visualize the colors of a painting without discolored varnish in cases where its physical removal cannot be safely accomplished and so is not an option.
Molecular Catalysts for N2 Reduction: State of the Art, Mechanism, and Challenges
Authors: Roux Yoann , Duboc Carole , Gennari Marcello 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFixation of atmospheric nitrogen is central for the production of ammonia, which is the source of nitrogen fertilizers and is also emerging as a promising renewable fuel. While the development of efficient molecular‐based artificial nitrogen fixation systems working under mild conditions is probably a Holy Grail, the catalytic reduction of N2 by transition‐metal complexes is—above all—the main instrument to progress in the mechanistic understanding of N2 splitting. In this Minireview we first give an overview of molecular‐based catalytic systems, including recent breakthroughs, and then we illustrate the alternative pathways for N2 reduction. We mainly focus on multistep hydrogenation of N2 by separated proton and electron sources, with a particular attention for the possibility of proton‐coupled electron transfer events. Finally, we try to identify the key factors to achieve catalytic reduction of dinitrogen by metal complexes and to enhance their efficiency.
Photocatalytic Synthesis of CdS(core)–CdSe(shell) Quantum Dots with a Heteroepitaxial Junction on TiO2: Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation from Water
Authors: Kitazono Kaoru , Akashi Ryo , Fujiwara Keigo , Akita Atsunobu , Naya Shin‐ichi , Fujishima Musashi , Tada Hiroaki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA major challenge in chemistry for the synthesis of hetero‐nanostructures is to build up atomically commensurate interfaces for smooth interfacial charge transfer. Photodeposition of CdSe on a CdS‐preloaded mesoporous TiO2 nanocrystalline film yields CdS(core)–CdSe(shell) quantum dots (CdS@CdSe/mp‐TiO2) with a heteroepitaxial nanojunction at 298 K. Two‐electrode quantum‐dot‐sensitized photoelectrochemical (QD‐SPEC) cells with the structure photoanode |0.25 M Na2S, 0.35 M Na2SO3 (solvent=water)| cathode were fabricated. The CdS@CdSe QD‐SPEC cell affords a solar‐to‐current efficiency (STCE) of 0.03 % without external bias under illumination of simulated sunlight (λ>430 nm, AM 1.5, one sun). By applying 0.1 V between the electrodes, the STCE increases up to 0.048 %, far surpassing the CdS/mp‐TiO2 and CdSe/mp‐TiO2 photoanode cells. The CdS–CdSe interfacial analysis by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and the band energy analysis taking the size quantization and the electrolyte effect indicate that the excellent performance of the CdS@CdSe/mp‐TiO2 photoanode originates from the effective charge separation due to the cascade‐like band edge alignment and the heteroepitaxial junction between CdS and CdSe QDs. In addition, high surface coverage of TiO2 with QDs can contribute to the reduction in the loss of the electron transport from TiO2 to the electron collecting electrode.
Examination of Organic Vapor Adsorption onto Alkali Metal and Halide Atomic Ions by using Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Maiβer Anne , Hogan Christopher J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe utilize ion mobility mass spectrometry with an atmospheric pressure differential mobility analyzer coupled to a time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer (DMA‐MS) to examine the formation of ion‐vapor molecule complexes with seed ions of K+, Rb+, Cs+, Br−, and I− exposed to n‐butanol and n‐nonane vapor under subsaturated conditions. Ion‐vapor molecule complex formation is indicated by a shift in the apparent mobility of each ion. Measurement results are compared to predicted mobility shifts based upon the Kelvin–Thomson equation, which is commonly used in predicting rates of ion‐induced nucleation. We find that n‐butanol at saturation ratios as low as 0.03 readily binds to all seed ions, leading to mobility shifts in excess of 35 %. Conversely, the binding of n‐nonane is not detectable for any ion for saturation ratios in the 0–0.27 range. An inverse correlation between the ionic radius of the initial seed and the extent of n‐butanol uptake is observed, such that at elevated n‐butanol concentrations, the smallest ion (K+) has the smallest apparent mobility and the largest (I−) has the largest apparent mobility. Though the differences in behavior of the two vapor molecules types examined and the observed effect of ionic seed radius are not accounted for by the Kelvin–Thomson equation, its predictions are in good agreement with measured mobility shifts for Rb+, Cs+, and Br− in the presence of n‐butanol (typically within 10 % of measurements).
Atmospheric Pressure Non‐Thermal Plasma Activation of CO2 in a Packed‐Bed Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor
Authors: Mei Danhua , Tu Xin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDirect conversion of CO2 into CO and O2 is performed in a packed‐bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) non‐thermal plasma reactor at low temperatures and atmospheric pressure. The maximum CO2 conversion of 22.6 % is achieved when BaTiO3 pellets are fully packed into the discharge gap. The introduction of γ‐Al2O3 or 10 wt % Ni/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst into the BaTiO3 packed DBD reactor increases both CO2 conversion and energy efficiency of the plasma process. Packing γ‐Al2O3 or 10 wt % Ni/γ‐Al2O3 upstream of the BaTiO3 bed shows higher CO2 conversion and energy efficiency compared with that of mid‐ or downstream packing modes because the reverse reaction of CO2 conversion—the recombination of CO and O to form CO2—is more likely to occur in mid‐ and downstream modes. Compared with the γ‐Al2O3 support, the coupling of the DBD with the Ni catalyst shows a higher CO2 conversion, which can be attributed to the presence of Ni active species on the catalyst surface. The argon plasma treatment of the reacted Ni catalyst provides extra evidence to confirm the role of Ni active species in the conversion of CO2.
Rigidified Push–Pull Dyes: Using Chromophore Size, Donor, and Acceptor Units to Tune the Ground State between Neutral and the Cyanine Limit
Authors: Haenle Johannes Christian , Bruchlos Kirsten , Ludwigs Sabine , Köhn Andreas , Laschat Sabine 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA series of rigidified dyes with either dodecyloxy or piperidyl donors in combination with either malononitrile or barbiturate acceptors were synthesized. To analyze the influence of varying the donor (piperidyl vs. dodecyloxy), chromophore (mono‐, bis‐, or tricyclic system), and acceptor moiety (methyl barbiturate vs. malononitrile) on the ground‐state polarity, a combination of several methods was employed: UV/Vis absorption and emission, quantum chemical computations, 1H as well as 13C NMR spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry measurements. Depending on the acceptor and donor moieties, the ground state was shifted from a neutral form to the cyanine limit and further to a zwitterionic structure. When the dye had strong piperidyl donor and barbiturate acceptor substituents, the ground state was close to the cyanine limit, which resulted in strong cyanine‐like absorption properties with a dominant 0–0 transition. When the dye combined a weak dodecyloxy donor with a malononitrile or barbiturate acceptor, the neutral resonance form significantly contributed to the ground state, leading to weaker but broader absorption spectra featuring transitions to higher vibronic states.
Early maladaptive schemas associated with dimensional and categorical psychopathology in patients with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Frías Álvaro , Navarro Sara , Palma Carol , Farriols Núria , Aliaga Ferrán , Salvador Ana , Aluco Elena , Martínez Bárbara , Solves Laia 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo ascertain the foundations for a schema‐focused therapy model for the treatment of borderline personality disorder.MethodsThe sample consisted of 102 borderline personality disorder outpatients. Dimensional psychopathology was assessed using the Scale for Suicidal Ideation, the Aggression Questionnaire, and the Symptom CheckList Revised. Categorical psychopathology was measured using the structured clinical interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Axis I Disorders, Patient Edition. Stepwise linear/logistic multiple regression analyses were used to determine the predictive role of the schema domains tested by the Young Schema Questionnaire on both types of psychopathology. Receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated for those binary outcomes.ResultsRegarding dimensional psychopathology, disconnection/rejection predicted greater suicidal ideation (β = .39,p = .002), physical/overt aggressiveness (β = .27,p = .05), and psychotic‐like symptoms, such as paranoid ideation (β = .35,p = .003). Other‐directedness predicted greater anger/inner aggressiveness (β = .22,p = .05) and internalizing symptoms, such as phobic anxiety (β = .39,p = .001). Regarding categorical psychopathology, disconnection/rejection significantly predicted the presence of lifetime comorbidities with eating disorders (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.12, 95% CI = 0.99–1.24) and posttraumatic stress disorder (AOR = 1.2, 95% CI = 1.04–1.3), resulting in a good balance of sensitivity/specificity, respectively (.97/.96 and .88/.89). Other‐directedness significantly predicted the absence of lifetime comorbidity with substance‐use disorders (AOR = .74, 95% CI = 0.57–0.95). These relationships remained significant after controlling for confounders (e.g., comorbidity with other personality disorders, clinical global severity).ConclusionsTwo schema domains, disconnection/rejection and other‐directedness, were directly associated with dimensional and categorical psychopathology among borderline personality disorder patients. These findings provide further information about the foundations and target interventions when implementing schema‐focused therapy on this population.
Nonaveraged control‐oriented modeling and relative stability analysis of DC‐DC switching converters
Authors: Al‐Turki Y. , El Aroudi A. , Mandal K. , Giaouris D. , Abusorrah A. , Al Hindawi M. , Banerjee S. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThis paper presents a unified and exact nonaveraged approach to derive a frequency‐domain control‐oriented model for accurate prediction of the fast timescale dynamics and performances of switching converters with fixed frequency naturally sampled pulse width modulation and integrating feedback loop. Because the approach avoids averaging and approximations related to this process, a very good accuracy of the derived model is obtained. The main difference between the presented approach and the existing methodology for accurately predicting the behavior of switching converters is that, here, we break the feedback loop and we focus on analyzing the open‐loop gain and the effect of the system parameters on relative stability. This results in an approach much similar to control systems techniques rather than nonlinear dynamical system approaches. Consequently, the relative stability is tackled easily in the frequency domain. In particular, by treating the modulator as a gain depending on the operating point, the new model is formulated in such a way that standard control‐oriented tools such as Bode diagrams and root‐loci can be easily used. Therefore, the proposed approach gives some important issues like gain and phase margins that are highly useful in controller design. It is noticed that the crossover frequency, gain, and phase margins predicted by using the averaged model may deviate significantly from the actual values given by the proposed approach. The paper points out the sources of discrepancies and the theoretical results are validated by simulations using a circuit‐level switched model.
Pulse shaping for high data rate ultra‐wideband wireless transmission under the Russian spectral emission mask
Authors: Rommel Simon , Grakhova Elizaveta P. , Jurado‐Navas Antonio , Sultanov Albert Kh. , Vegas Olmos Juan José , Tafur Monroy Idelfonso 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThis paper addresses impulse‐radio ultra‐wideband (IR‐UWB) transmission under the Russian spectral emission mask for unlicensed UWB radio communications. Four pulse shapes are proposed and their bit error rate (BER) performance is both estimated analytically and evaluated experimentally. Well‐known shapes such as the Gaussian, root‐raised cosine, hyperbolic secant, and the frequency B‐spline wavelet are used to form linear combinations of component pulses, shaped to make efficient use of the spectral emission mask. Analytical BER values are derived using a Nakagami‐m model, and good agreement is found with the experimentally obtained BER. The proposed pulse shapes allow IR‐UWB transmission with BERs below the limit for a 7% overhead forward error correction, achieving distances of up to 6.5 m at 1 Gbit/s, 4.5 m at 1.25 Gbit/s, and 1 m at
Gbit/s. These results confirm the viability of IR‐UWB transmission under the strict regulations of the Russian spectral emission mask.
Unusual presentation of poorly differentiated primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma (PD‐PPSS) diagnosed by EBUS‐TBNA with cytogenetic confirmation—A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Dalal Sharvari , Nicholson Charles E. , Jhala Darshana 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPoorly differentiated primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma (PD‐PPSS) is a rare, aggressive neoplasm, which occurs in 0.5% cases of all lung malignancies. The diagnosis of PD‐PPSS can be very challenging on cytology samples. We present here an unusual case of PD‐PPSS diagnosed by endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA), in the setting of known history of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. Diff‐Quik and Papanicolaou stains showed cellular specimen with clusters of highly atypical small round blue cells admixed with lymphoid elements; and some with denuded cytoplasm. Cell block further showed molding, crush artifact and atypical mitotic figures. A differential diagnosis based on extended immunohistochemical work‐up was Ewing?s sarcoma/PNET versus poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma. Fluorescent in‐situ hybridization (FISH) showed SYT gene rearrangement at 18q11.2. In this report, we describe the cytomorphological features, diagnostic pitfalls, challenges, potential mimics, and importance of acquisition of adequate material for the ancillary work‐up on the cell block.
Rapid improvements in emotion regulation predict intensive treatment outcome for patients with bulimia nervosa and purging disorder
Authors: MacDonald Danielle E. , Trottier Kathryn , Olmsted Marion P. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveRapid and substantial behavior change (RSBC) early in cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for eating disorders is the strongest known predictor of treatment outcome. Rapid change in other clinically relevant variables may also be important. This study examined whether rapid change in emotion regulation predicted treatment outcomes, beyond the effects of RSBC.MethodParticipants were diagnosed with bulimia nervosa or purging disorder (N = 104) and completed ≥6 weeks of CBT‐based intensive treatment. Hierarchical regression models were used to test whether rapid change in emotion regulation variables predicted posttreatment outcomes, defined in three ways: (a) binge/purge abstinence; (b) cognitive eating disorder psychopathology; and (c) depression symptoms. Baseline psychopathology and emotion regulation difficulties and RSBC were controlled for.ResultsAfter controlling for baseline variables and RSBC, rapid improvement in access to emotion regulation strategies made significant unique contributions to the prediction of posttreatment binge/purge abstinence, cognitive psychopathology of eating disorders, and depression symptoms.DiscussionIndividuals with eating disorders who rapidly improve their belief that they can effectively modulate negative emotions are more likely to achieve a variety of good treatment outcomes. This supports the formal inclusion of emotion regulation skills early in CBT, and encouraging patient beliefs that these strategies are helpful.
Hypothalamic CRF1 receptor mechanisms are not sufficient to account for binge‐like palatable food consumption in female rats
Authors: Micioni Di Bonaventura Maria Vittoria , Ubaldi Massimo , Giusepponi Maria Elena , Rice Kenner C. , Massi Maurizio , Ciccocioppo Roberto , Cifani Carlo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe present study evaluated the effect of systemic injection of the CRF1 receptor antagonist R121919, the corticosterone synthesis inhibitor metyrapone and central amygdala (CeA) injections of the nonselective CRF antagonist D‐Phe‐CRF(12–41) in rats in which binge eating was evoked by stress and cycles of food restriction.MethodFemale rats were subjected or not to repeated cycles of regular chow food restriction/ad libitum feeding during which they were also given limited access (2 h) to palatable food. On the test day, rats were either exposed or not to the sight of the palatable food for 15 min without allowing access, before assessing food consumption.ResultsSystemic injections of R121919, but not of the metyrapone, blocked binge‐like eating behavior. Restricted and stressed rats showed up‐regulation of crh1 receptor mRNA signal in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and CeA but not in basolateral amygdala (BLA) or in the paraventricular nucleus. Injection D‐Phe‐CRF(12–41) in CeA but not in the BLA‐blocked binge‐like eating behavior.DiscussionThese findings demonstrate that extra‐hypothalamic CRF1 receptors, rather than those involved in endocrine functions, are involved in binge eating and the crucial role of CRF receptors in CeA. CRF1 receptor antagonism may represent a novel pharmacological treatment for binge‐related eating disorders.