bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tibialis Posterior Tendon Dysfunction: A Primary of Secondary Problem?
Authors: Yeap Joo seng , Singh Dishan , Birch Rolfe 
Published: January 2017

Seventeen patients with a mean follow-up of 64.4 months following a tibialis posterior tendon transfer to regain active foot dorsiflexion were clinically examined specifically for signs of tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction. The results show that 8 patients (47 %) had Grade 4 or better power of eversion but none had a clinical flatfoot on the Harris-Beath footprints. Only 6 % had forefoot abduction; 17 % exhibited hindfoot valgus and 82 % were able to perform the single-heel rise. Tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction therefore does not appear to be an inevitable sequel of tibialis posterior tendon transfer even in the presence of a functioning peroneal muscle. Other studies have noted that a pre-existent flatfoot was often present in patients with tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction. None of the patients in this study had pre-existent flatfoot. We suggest that a predisposition, in the form of a pre-existent tendency to flatfoot may also be a factor in the pathogenesis of tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction. This may explain the long-term failure of flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus tendon transfers in the treatment for tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction when the biomechanics of the foot has not been altered.
Can the Use of a Terminal Device Augment Plantar Pressure Reduction with a Total Contact Cast?
Authors: Dhalla Raja , Johnson Jeffrey E. , Engsberg Jack 
Published: January 2017

Hypotheses/Purpose: Total contact casting (TCC) has been shown to promote the healing of plantar neurotrophic ulcers by reducing plantar pressures and has become the established treatment standard by which all others are measured. The purpose of this study was to determine if terminal cast devices (cast shoes and heels) significantly affect the amount of plantar pressure reduction when used with a total contact cast. Methods/Results: Plantar pressures were measured in the right feet of 28 healthy adult volunteers using the Novel EMED PEDAR system (Novel GmbH, Munich, Germany) for six conditions: athletic shoe (i.e., control), TCC alone, TCC with a conventional cast shoe (EBI, Parsipanny, NJ), TCC with a custom rigid rocker cast shoe (NPS, St. Louis, MO), TCC with a rubber rocker heel (Cast Walker, DM Systems Inc., Evanston, IL), and TCC with a traditional flat rubber heel (Zimmer, Warsaw, IN). Peak plantar pressures were recorded from the forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine statistical significance. The greatest reductions in forefoot plantar pressures compared to the athletic shoe control were seen in the TCC with the conventional cast shoe and the TCC with the rigid rocker shoe; a mean plantar pressure reduction of 30% was observed for both conditions ( p <.001). Significant midfoot plantar pressure reductions ( p <.001) were achieved with the TCC alone, TCC with the conventional cast shoe, TCC with the rigid rocker heel, TCC with the flat rubber heel, and TCC with the rubber rocker heel. Mean reductions were 42%, 51%, 47%, 40%, and 46%, respectively. While athletic shoe peak hindfoot pressures were only reduced by 15% by TCC alone, the addition of the rubber rocker heel to TCC reduced athletic shoe pressures by 32% and the addition of the flat rubber heel to TCC reduced athletic shoe pressures by 29%. The reductions with TCC and the heels were both significant when using the athletic shoe as the control ( p <.001) and the TCC alone as the control ( p <.05). Conclusion: Plantar pressure reduction with TCC can be augmented with the addition of a terminal cast device and the effects shown in this study are significantly different than previously reported. These results suggest that terminal cast devices should be chosen according to location of the neuropathic ulcer. In this study, forefoot pressures were reduced the most with TCC and either the conventional cast shoe or the rigid rocker shoe. The authors therefore recommend these combinations for forefoot ulcers. TCC alone or combined with any of the terminal devices proved equally effective for midfoot plantar pressure reduction. Hindfoot ulcers should be treated with TCC and the rubber rocker heel or the flat rubber heel as these provided the best hindfoot pressure reductions.
Early Elective Conversion for Failing Evar
Authors: Aho P.-S. , Roth W. D. , Keto P. , Lepäntalo M. 
Published: January 2017

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the long term results of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms at the Helsinki University Central Hospital 1996–2004 with a special emphasis on elective conversion procedures and their outcome. Methods: Treatment results and follow-up data of all 110 elective EVAR procedures performed in our institution were gathered prospectively and evaluated. Results: Conversion to open surgery was performed in 23 (21%) of 110 EVAR patients. 30-day mortality after elective stent-graft deployment was 0% as it was also on elective conversions (n = 20). Secondary elective conversions were performed due to infection in two and after failing stent-graft treatment in 12 patients. Six of the conversions were performed primarily. Three urgent conversions (3% overall) were performed: two of these patients died, corresponding to an overall mortality of 9% (2/23) in all conversions. Five-year aneurysm-related mortality after EVAR among patients with elective conversion was 0% and 19% in patients with secondary procedures other than elective conversions. Conclusions: As conversions seem to be hazardous only when performed in urgent situations, elective conversion could be an alternative treatment method in complex failing first-generation stent-grafts as it may reduce mortality associated with urgent conversions or repeated attempts to maintain graft integrity with endovascular procedures.
The Place of Screening in the Management of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Scott R. A. P. 
Published: January 2017

The present method of management of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) is ineffective in preventing AAA rupture. 5000 people still die of AAA in the UK each year. Improvements in surgery can only reduce the mortality in the minority who reach hospital following chance detection, and then only by a few percent. Screening, with detection in the community and planned treatment can reduce the mortality of the disease by 58%. Screening programmes for AAA have recently been approved for men aged 65 years, in both the UK and the USA. The proposed UK National Screening Programme is outlined briefly Conclusion: If the aim of treatment is to reduce the mortality of the disease as a whole, resources would be better spent on screening programmes for AAA, rather than developing increasingly sophisticated operative techniques that could only reduce the overall death from AAA by a few percent.
The Impact of Fibrin Glue in the Prevention of Failure after Nissen Fundoplication
Authors: Rantanen T. , Neuvonen P. , Iivonen M. , Tomminen T. , Oksala N. 
Published: January 2017

Background and Aims: Good long term result after Nissen fundoplication is achieved in most of the patients in specialized centres. Still failure occurs in some cases and reoperation after failed conservative treatment is done in 3–6% of the cases. Reoperation is more dangerous and results worse than after primary fundoplication. Therefore we wanted to analyze factors related to failure of Nissen fundoplication with special emphasis on utilization of crural closure, anchoring of the fundic wrap and the use of fibrin glue. Material and Methods: Patients records of 258 patients were analyzed by an independent observer. Defective fundic wrap, recurrent oesophagitis and hiatal hernia were defined as failure. Results: Failure after Nissen fundoplication was found in 29 patients (14.9%). Crural closure (p = 0.021), anchoring of the wrap (p = 0.020) and fibrin glue (p = 0.029) decreased the incidence of failure. However, only crural closure (p = 0.010) and fibrin glue (p = 0.019) were independent factors in the prevention of failure. Conclusions: Fibrin glue as a new method might be worth utilizing to further decrease the incidence of failure after Nissen fundoplication. Because our study was retrospective, prospective randomized study should be performed before universal use of fibrin glue in the prevention of failure after fundoplication.
Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing for Pediatric Long Bone Fractures: Experience with 175 Fractures
Authors: Furlan D. , Pogorelić Z. , Biočić M. , Jurić I. , Budimir D. , Todorić J. , Šušnjar T. , Todorić D. , Meštrović J. , Milunović K. P. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: To demonstrate the effectiveness of intramedullary fixation of displaced long bones shaft fractures in skeletally immature children using the elastic stable intramedullary nails. Patients and methods: The case records of 173 children who underwent fixation with titanium intramedulary nails because of long bones fractures were reviewed. The average age of the patients was 11.7 years, and mean follow-up was 41.3 months. There were 55 humeral, 42 forearm, 42 femoral and 36 tibial fractures. Subjective satisfaction was assessed. Results: All patients achieved complete healing at a mean of 7.5 weeks. Complications were recorded in 11 (6.3%) patients and included: one neuropraxia, six entry site skin irritations, two protrusions of the wires through the skin and two skin infections at the entry site. In a subjective measure of outcome at follow-up, 89% of patients were very satisfied and 11% satisfied; no patients reported their outcome as not satisfied. The implants were removed at a median time of six months from the index operation. Conclusion: Elastic Stable Intra-medullary Nailing is the method of choice for the pediatrics patients, because it is minimaly invasive and shows very good functional and cosmetic results. It allows an early functional and cast-free follow-up with a quick pain reduction.
The Efficacy of Coil Embolization at the Dissection Site of Ruptured Dissecting Vertebral Aneurysms
Authors: Kurata A. , Yamada M. , Ohmomo T. , Hirayama H. , Suzuki S. , Miyasaka Y. , Irikura K. , Fujii K. , Kitahara T. 
Published: January 2017

Proximal occlusion of the parent artery has been widely used for treatment of vertebral dissecting ruptured aneurysms, but this does not always completely prevent re-rupture. In this series, the efficacy of occlusion at the dissection site using detachable coils was compared with proximal balloon occlusion. Over a five year period, 25 patients suffering from subarachnoid hemorrhage with dissecting vertebral aneurysms were treated by endovascular surgery. The first three of these 25 patients were treated with proximal balloon occlusion of the parent artery. The remainder underwent platinum coil occlusion at the affected site as early as possible after the diagnosis. In two of the three cases treated with proximal balloon occlusion, clipping or coating surgery were added because of progressive dissection. In all 22 cases of coil embolization, the intervention was successfully performed without complication. In one case with a dissection involving bilateral vertebral arteries, minor rebleeding from a contralateral dissection occurred after embolization. In the other 21 cases, rebleeding was not apparent (clinical follow-up: mean 24 months). Radiological findings showed complete occlusion of the dissection site and patency of the non affected artery (follow-up: mean ten months). We conclude that detachable platinum coil embolization at the dissection site is more effective than proximal occlusion for treatment of ruptured vertebral dissecting aneurysms because of immediate cessation of blood flow to the dissection site. However, in cases with bilateral dissections or hypoplastic contralateral vertebral arteries, preceding bypass surgery or stent treatment to preserve the affected vertebral artery may be needed.
Intraarterial Thrombolysis with r-tPA for Treatment of Anterior Circulation Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Baltacioğlu F. , Afşar N. , Ekinci G. , Tuncer-Elmaci N. , Çimşit N Çagatay , Aktan S. , Erzen C. 
Published: January 2017

To investigate factors effecting the safety and recanalization efficacy of local intraarterial (IA) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) delivery in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Eleven patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke were treated. The neurological status of the patients were graded with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). All patients underwent a computed tomography (CT) examination at admission. In addition four patients had diffusion-weighted and one patient had a perfusion magnetic resonance (MR) examinations. Patients were treated within six hours from stroke onset. Immediate, six hours, and 24 hours follow-up CT examinations were performed in order to evaluate the haemorrhagic complications and the extent of the ischemic area. The Rankin Scale (RS) was used as an outcome measure. Two of the 11 patients had carotid “T” occlusion (CTO), nine had middle cerebral artery (MCA) main trunk occlusion. Four patients had symptomatic haemorrhage with a large haematoma rupturing into the ventricles and subarachnoid space. Of these, three patients died within 24 hours. The remaining seven patients had asymptomatic haematomas that were smaller compared to symptomatic ones, and showed regression in size and density on follow-up CTs. At third month five patients had a good outcome and three patients had a poor outcome. In acute ischemic stroke, local IA thrombolysis is a feasible treatment when you select the right patient. Haemorrhage rate does not seem to exceed that occuring in the natural history of the disease and in other treatment modalities.
Intimal Thickening after Placement of a Neuroform Stent
Authors: Lee D.H. , Arat A. , Morsi H. , Diaz O. , Jou L.-D. , Mawad M.E. 
Published: January 2017

Little attention has been given to the intimal thickening of the parent artery associated with the use of Neuroform stent. The purposes of this study were are to analyze quantifyanalyze the incidence of the parent artery intimal thickening the incidence and pattern of luminal changes, to to see somedetermine possible predictors of the phenomenonof the intimal thickening, to to evaluate the its effectthe phenomenonrestenosis on the aneurysm treatment results. We reviewed the initial and six-month follow-up angiographic images in 32 intracranial aneurysm patients treated with Neuroform stent and coilsin wide-necked aneurysm treatment. The initial embolization results were evaluated by the Raymond and Roy classification. The angiographic changes from immediate post-embolization to the six-month follow-up were classified as ‘improved’, ‘unchanged’ and ‘worse’. The occurrencerates of parent artery intimal thickening was observed. Any perceivable change in the stented segment of the parent artery was considered as ‘intimal thickening’ and any change of ≥50% as ‘significant thickening’. Fisher exact tests and logistic regression analysis were applied to determine the relation between the occurrence of the intimal thickening and several variables. The incidence of the intimal thickening was 18.8% (6/32) and of significant thickening, 3.1% (1/32). The change in angiographic occlusion of the aneurysm was ‘improved’ in 40.6% (13/32), ‘unchanged’ in 37.5% (12/32), and ‘worse’ in 21.9% (7/32). Among the variables, patient's age (≥55) and follow-up angiographic results (‘improved’) correlated with the occurrence of the intimal thickening. Of notable finding was all six cases with intimal thickening of the parent artery were associated with ‘improved’ in their follow-up angiographic result. Neuroform-associated intimal thickening usually occurs in younger patients and is frequently associated with improved angiographic result of the aneurysm embolization on follow-up.
Vascular Interventional Neuroradiology in a Country with a Small and Scattered Population Twenty Years' Experience in Norway
Authors: Nakstad Per Hj. 
Published: January 2017

Experience with neuroradiological endovascular therapy in a small country is presented. Five Norwegian university hospitals are currently performing coiling of cerebral aneurysms and three are embolizing cerebral arteriovenous malformations. The small number of procedures in most of these institutions may threaten the quality of treatment, education of neuroinradiologists, research and scientific work in this field. An even greater concern might arise in the field of neurosurgery after the reduction in surgical procedures following the increasing takeover by endovascular procedures. The safety during transportation of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage has been debated and is considered by some as a problem, but earlier experience from Nordic countries does not support this concern. Reducing the number of centres performing these procedures seems necessary to obtain adequate patient safety and an ethical practice.
Facile manipulation of protein localization in fission yeast through binding of GFP-binding protein to GFP
Authors: Chen Ying-hui , Wang Gao-yuan , Hao Hao-chao , Chao Chun-jiang , Wang Yamei , Jin Quan-wen 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
GFP-binding protein (or GBP) has been recently developed in various systems and organisms as an efficient tool to purify GFP-fusion proteins. Due to the high affinity between GBP and GFP or GFP variants, this GBP-based approach is also ideally suited to alter the localization of functional proteins in live cells. In order to facilitate the wide use of the GBP-targeting approach in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we developed a set of pFA6a-, pJK148- and pUC119-based vectors containing GBP- or GBP–mCherry-coding sequences and variants of inducible nmt1 or constitutive adh1 promoters that result in different levels of expression. The GBP or GBP–mCherry fragments can serve as cassettes for N- or C-terminal genomic tagging of genes of interest. We illustrated the application of these vectors in the construction of yeast strains with Dma1 or Cdc7 tagged with GBP–mCherry and efficient targeting of Dma1– or Cdc7–GBP–mCherry to the spindle pole body by Sid4–GFP. This series of vectors should help to facilitate the application of the GBP-targeting approach in manipulating protein localization and the analysis of gene function in fission yeast, at the level of single genes, as well as at a systematic scale.
Uma reflexão sobre o ensino de Astronomia na perspectiva da Base Nacional Comum Curricular
Authors: Lima Jr José Gidauto dos Santos , Andrade José Elisandro de , Dantas Jeânderson De Melo , Gomes Luiz Moreira 
Published: January 2017

Tema recorrente da política educacional brasileira, durante muitos anos discutiu-se a possibilidade da implementação de um Currículo Nacional que contemplasse de forma igualitária o acesso ao ensino e aprendizado de modo a garantir as especificidades regionais, culturais e sociais do país. Hoje, essa expectativa tornou-se realidade. A proposta da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) é de justamente fomentar e subsidiar um currículo comum que atenda a todas as expectativas da comunidade escolar e mais, com a participação efetiva em todo o processo dos diversos grupos e segmentos da sociedade civil brasileira nas discussões. Evidentemente, que a BNCC não resolverá todos os problemas, entretanto, acredita-se para a maioria dos especialistas que amenizará boa parte deles. Como a BNCC traz uma discussão ampla a respeito, esse artigo, limitou-se a discussão na Unidade Curricular do ensino de Astronomia na perspectiva dos eixos formativos da BNCC, apresentando as potencialidades e fragilidades de sua inserção na dinâmica da escola, com foco nos processos formativos de docência, nos livros didáticos e no regime de período letivo atual, além é claro, da complexidade dos conteúdos de Física, especificamente, os conteúdos de Astronomia, suas interpretações, os processos metodológicos envolvidos no ensino e perspectivas futuras. Atualmente, o processo de discussão a respeito da BNCC continua, porém, a análise e a visão geral de como a BNCC atuará nos fornece um delineamento inicial sobre as possíveis estratégias ou técnicas de ensino nessa perspectiva tão recente de um currículo comum.
Carbohydrate-based phenotyping of the green macroalga Ulva fasciata using near-infrared spectrometry: potential implications for marine biorefinery
Authors: Shefer Shai , Israel Alvaro , Golberg Alexander , Chudnovsky Alexandra 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMarine macroalgal biomass is a promising sustainable feedstock for biorefineries. However, the development of macroalgal biomass for industrial cultivation and processing has been slow. In terrestrial plants, high-throughput phenotyping provides rapid imaging methods to select specimens with required properties, rapidly transforming traditional breeding techniques. To foster the development of macroalgal biomass for biorefinery applications, we developed a near-infrared spectrometry-based method for rapid phenotyping of the macroalga
Simulation of land use impacts on sediment and nutrient transfer in coastal areas of Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Gebel Micha , Bürger Stephan , Wallace Michael , Malherbe Hanlie , Vogt Hannah , Lorz Carsten 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA major challenge for water resource management in Western Cape, South Africa, is the reduction of the growing sediment and nutrient loads in coastal areas, which belong to the areas most affected by land use change. We used the WebGIS based software STOFFBILANZ to simulate runoff, soil loss, sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen input in the surface water and groundwater of study area (ca. 6,450 km²). The simulated runoff shows a large regional variability caused by the heterogeneous distribution of rainfall. For the reference catchment Klein River simulated total daily runoff fit the observed values of the reference year 2012. The calculation of potential input of sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen into waters is based on aggregated or generalized information on climate data, land use types, crop and fruit types, yields, mineral fertilizers, farm manure, nitrogen fixing by leguminous plants, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, and soil denitrification. Critical source areas for potential sediment input, particulate P input and diffuse N input are mainly agricultural areas. Additionally, point sources of high relevance for N and P are found in urban areas. Based on the potential input of sediment and nutrients the impacts of current land use change on water resources were estimated. We used the web-based information system WebLand for the simulation aiming at the provision of stakeholders with information for decision making in water resource management.
Development and research of the algorithm for
determining the maximum flow at distribution in
the network
Authors: Akhmediyarova Ainur , Kassymova Dinara , Utegenova Anar , Utepbergenov Irbulat 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
An upgraded version of Ford-Fulkerson algorithm
is proposed, which allows to determine the maximum
flow and the distribution flow in branches of the network.
Results of simulation using this algorithm are given.
They show its effectiveness in comparison with the other
variants of flow distribution in the network at change of
the capacity of branches randomly in time.
Periodic solutions of Liénard–Mathieu differential equation with a small parameter
Authors: Kalas Josef 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The Liénard–Mathieu equation with a small parameter ε is examined. The existence of periodic and quasiperiodic solutions is proved using the averaging method, the method of complexification and the phase space analysis of an associated autonomous equation. The results extend and generalize those of Kalas and Kadeřábek [6].