bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel programmable lysozyme-based lysis system in Pseudomonas putida for biopolymer production
Authors: Borrero-de Acuña José Manuel , Hidalgo-Dumont Cristian , Pacheco Nicolás , Cabrera Alex , Poblete-Castro Ignacio 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCell lysis is crucial for the microbial production of industrial fatty acids, proteins, biofuels, and biopolymers. In this work, we developed a novel programmable lysis system based on the heterologous expression of lysozyme. The inducible lytic system was tested in two Gram-negative bacterial strains, namely Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Before induction, the lytic system did not significantly arrest essential physiological parameters in the recombinant E. coli (ECPi) and P. putida (JBOi) strain such as specific growth rate and biomass yield under standard growth conditions. A different scenario was observed in the recombinant JBOi strain when subjected to PHA-producing conditions, where biomass production was reduced by 25% but the mcl-PHA content was maintained at about 30% of the cell dry weight. Importantly, the genetic construct worked well under PHA-producing conditions (nitrogen-limiting phase), where more than 95% of the cell population presented membrane disruption 16 h post induction, with 75% of the total synthesized biopolymer recovered at the end of the fermentation period. In conclusion, this new lysis system circumvents traditional, costly mechanical and enzymatic cell-disrupting procedures.
Reconstruction of a helical prominence in 3D from IRIS spectra and images
Authors: Schmieder B. , Zapiór M. , López Ariste A. , Levens P. , Labrosse N. , Gravet R. 
Published: June 2017

Context. Movies of prominences obtained by space instruments e.g. the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) aboard the Hinode satellite and the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) with high temporal and spatial resolution revealed the tremendous dynamical nature of prominences. Knots of plasma belonging to prominences appear to travel along both vertical and horizontal thread-like loops, with highly dynamical nature.
Aims. The aim of the paper is to reconstruct the 3D shape of a helical prominence observed over two and a half hours by IRIS.
Methods. From the IRIS Mg ii k spectra we compute Doppler shifts of the plasma inside the prominence and from the slit-jaw images (SJI) we derive the transverse field in the plane of the sky. Finally we obtain the velocity vector field of the knots in 3D.
Results.We reconstruct the real trajectories of nine knots travelling along ellipses.
Conclusions. The spiral-like structure of the prominence observed in the plane of the sky is mainly due to the projection effect of long arches of threads (up to 8 × 104 km). Knots run along more or less horizontal threads with velocities reaching 65 km s-1. The dominant driving force is the gas pressure.
Paralytischer Ileus mit Todesfolge unter Psychopharmakotherapie
Authors: Runte Ingo , Hamberger Ulrich 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungInnerhalb eines Zeitraums von rund zwei Jahren kam es in der Region Bielefeld zu einer auffälligen Häufung von vier Todesfällen als Folge eines paralytischen Ileus. Alle vier Patienten litten unter einer psychotischen Störung und hatten langjährig stark wirksame Psychopharmaka eingenommen. Nach Ausschluss anderer Ursachen muss die anticholinerge Wirkung der Psychopharmaka als Todesursache angesehen werden. Neben einer Literaturübersicht ähnlicher Fälle werden pharmakologische Rezeptorbindungsprofile anticholinerg wirksamer Substanzen dargestellt und therapeutische Konsequenzen für die Praxis aufgezeigt, um weitere Todesfälle zu verhindern.
ADHS im Erwachsenenalter und substanzbezogene Störungen – Prävalenz, Diagnostik und integrierte Behandlungskonzepte
Authors: Dirks Henrike , Scherbaum Norbert , Kis Bernhard , Mette Christian 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungSubstanzbezogene Störungen (SUD) sind nach Angst- und affektiven Störungen die psychischen Störungen mit der höchsten Prävalenz in der erwachsenen Allgemeinbevölkerung. Die Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) zählt zu den häufigsten psychischen Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen und persistiert bei einem Teil der Patienten bis in das Erwachsenenalter. Das Vorliegen von ADHS im Kindes- und Jugendalter ist zudem ein stabiler Prädiktor für den Konsum von Tabak, Alkohol und illegalen Suchtmitteln im Erwachsenenalter. Die Problematik einer integrierten Therapie von erwachsenen Patienten mit der Komorbidität ADHS und SUD zählt zu den zentralen Herausforderungen in der klinischen Versorgung dieser Patientengruppe. Das Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit sind die Darstellung und Diskussion der Komorbidität von ADHS und SUD bei erwachsenen Patienten anhand der aktuellen Literatur sowie die Ableitung der Implikationen für eine adäquate Diagnostik und Therapie. Des Weiteren werden die Prävalenzen komorbider Störungen, die Herausforderungen der (Differenzial-)Diagnostik durch Symptomüberschneidungen und Ausblicke für eine integrierte psychiatrisch-psychotherapeutische Behandlung von ADHS und substanzbezogenen Störungen dargestellt.
Knochenzemente für die Behandlung osteoporotischer Frakturen
Authors: Hofmann-Fliri Ladina , Windolf Markus 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Versorgung osteoporotischer Frakturen mittels metallischer Implantate erreicht zunehmend ihre Grenzen. Eine mögliche Lösung, um eine ausreichende Verankerung des Implantats sicherzustellen, ist die Verstärkung der geschwächten Knochenstruktur mit Knochenzement, die sog. Implantataugmentation. Hierfür kommen meist Acrylate (PMMA) oder resorbierbare Kalziumphosphatzemente (CaP) zum Einsatz. PMMA-Zemente besitzen ausgewogene mechanische Eigenschaften, sind einfach zu handhaben und lassen sich gut und sicher injizieren. Allerdings geht die Aushärtung von PMMA mit Entstehung von Wärme einher. Es konnte aber gezeigt werden, dass die für die Implantataugmentation benötigten kleinen Mengen an PMMA nicht zu kritischen Temperaturen im umliegenden Gewebe führen. CaP-Zemente besitzen eine sehr gute Biokompatibilität, erwärmen sich bei der Aushärtung nicht und sind resorbierbar. Wegen der verminderten mechanischen Eigenschaften wird jedoch oft geraten, die derzeit verfügbaren CaP-Zemente eher an nicht oder wenig belasteten Stellen anzuwenden. Neuere Entwicklungen deuten jedoch darauf hin, dass in Zukunft deutlich bessere Eigenschaften von CaP-Zementen zu erwarten sind. Mit der kurz- bis mittelfristig klaren Zunahme von Altersfrakturen bildet die Implantataugmentation mit CaP oder Acrylat eine interessante Möglichkeit, um den kommenden Problemen zu begegnen.
Epidemiologie der Parkinsonerkrankung und aktuelle ambulante Versorgungskonzepte in Deutschland
Authors: Tönges Lars , Ehret Reinhard , Lorrain Michael , Riederer Peter , Müngersdorf Martina 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungDie ambulante Versorgung von Parkinsonpatienten in Deutschland ist seit Langem etabliert. Da die Prävalenz der Parkinsonerkrankung kontinuierlich zunimmt, erhält der ambulante neurologische Sektor eine zunehmende Bedeutung und muss sich aktuellen Erfordernissen anpassen. Dies umfasst eine Optimierung der Versorgungsstrukturen für Parkinsonpatienten sowie adäquate Konzepte für die Durchführung einer (Differenzial-)Diagnostik und Therapie. Viele Patienten werden von nicht spezialisierten neurologischen Facharztpraxen oder auch von Allgemeinmedizinern versorgt, ohne dass ein Austausch mit auf Bewegungsstörungen spezialisierten Neurologen oder spezialisierten universitären Ambulanzen besteht. Ein Bindeglied zwischen diesen Versorgungsstrukturen kann eine Parkinsonschwerpunktpraxis bieten, deren Idee und Konzeption in diesem Artikel vorgestellt werden soll. Neben der Notwendigkeit und dem Nutzen einer solchen Institution sollen auch strukturelle Voraussetzungen und grundlegende Bausteine einer stadiengerechten Behandlung von Parkinsonpatienten in einer solchen Praxis vorgestellt und derzeitige Limitationen des Konzepts aufgezeigt werden. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die Ergebnisse eines Expertenworkshops zur Parkinsonerkrankung vorgestellt, der am 21. November 2015 in Frankfurt am Main stattgefunden hat.
Die augmentierte iliosakrale Schraube bei Beckenfrakturen im Alter
Authors: Grüneweller Niklas , Fuchs Thomas , Wähnert Dirk , Raschke Michael 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungDie demografische Entwicklung hat in den letzten Jahren zu einer Zunahme an älteren multimorbiden Patienten mit Beckenringfraktur geführt. Dabei stellen Diagnose, Therapie sowie peri- und postoperatives Patientenmanagement eine große Herausforderung dar. Für eine optimale Patientenversorgung ist ein interdisziplinärer Behandlungsansatz notwendig. In der Altersgruppe der > 65-jähringen Patienten sind Beckenringverletzung häufig durch Niedrigenergietraumen verursacht und mit einer reduzierten Knochenqualität vergesellschaftet. Die therapeutischen Optionen reichen von konservativen bis hin zu verschiedenen operativen Maßnahmen. Allerdings wird auch die operative Therapie durch altersbedingte Komorbiditäten beeinflusst. Daher werden hierfür minimalinvasive und schonende OP-Methoden favorisiert. Die mit zunehmendem Alter reduzierte Knochenqualität erschwert jedoch die knöcherne Verankerung von unfallchirurgischen Implantaten erheblich. Im Folgenden stellen wir ein minimalinvasiv durchführbares Verfahren, die Zementaugmentation von iliosakralen Schrauben, vor. Dieses kann bei therapierefraktären Beschwerden und immobilisierenden Schmerzen zur Behandlung der hinteren Beckenringfraktur bei reduzierter Knochenqualität durchgeführt werden. Die Schraubenaugmentation trägt hier zu einer deutlichen Verbesserung der Implantatverankerung bei. Das Augmentationsverfahren kann ohne wesentliche Erweiterung des Zugangswegs und der chirurgischen Morbidität durchgeführt werden. Kanülierte und spitzenperforierte Schraubensysteme werden nach der gewohnten perkutanen Implantation bei reduziertem Eindrehmoment mittels Knochenzement im Bereich der Schraubenspitze augmentiert. Ziel dieser Therapie ist eine suffiziente Schmerzreduktion und die sofortige Mobilisation unter Vollbelastung, um Komplikationen und Folgeschäden durch Immobilisation für den geriatrischen Patienten zu vermeiden.
Efficacy and safety of cold snare resection in preventive screening colonoscopy
Authors: Schett B. , Wallner J. , Weingart V. , Ayvaz A. , Richter U. , Stahl J. , Allescher H.-D. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background and aim Removal of polyps during colonoscopy effectively prevents the development of colorectal cancer. So far, snare resection with high frequency current with or without prior submucosal saline injection is the method of choice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and outcome of cold snare resection during routine endoscopy.
Methods In this prospective study, 522 patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy were included. Cold snare resection for diminutive (< 6 mm), small (6 – 9 mm), and larger polyps (> 9 – 15 mm) was performed using a dedicated cold snare device (Exacto®) without prior submucosal injection. Outcome parameters included bleeding rate, perforation rate, procedure time, histologic evaluation of polyp margins, and success rates. The data were compared to a group of patients undergoing hot snare resection.
Results Overall, 1233 polyps were removed using cold snare resection with an overall success rate of 99.4 %. All failures of cold snare resection occurred in the cecum (8/82, failure rate 9.8 %). In the remaining colon, the success rate was 100 %. Immediate post-polypectomy bleeding occurred in 0.49 % of all patients and was most frequently seen in polyps larger than 9 mm. The procedure time was significantly shorter using cold snare resection compared with hot snare resection (27.6 min vs. 35.7 min, P < 0.01).
Conclusion Cold snare resection can be performed safely in outpatients for removal of small polyps in screening colonoscopy. It does not require prior saline injection and reduces procedure time without an increased risk of bleeding.
Does the presence of a trainee compromise success of biliary cannulation at ERCP?
Authors: Frost John , Kurup Arun , Shetty Sharan , Fisher Neil 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Findings in the literature are conflicting on whether trainee involvement in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures is detrimental to cannulation success rates. We addressed this in a prospective study, where cannulation success with or without trainee presence was the primary outcome measure.
Patients and methods We prospectively recorded data on 2 senior endoscopists and their trainees over an 18-month period for ERCPs in patients with a virgin ampulla. Presence or absence of a trainee at ERCP procedures was pragmatic, reflecting their other service or training commitments or annual leave. For trainee presence, the training protocol allowed them 6 minutes of supervised time in which to achieve biliary cannulation after reaching the ampulla. Study outcome measures included cannulation success, time to cannulation, technique, whether this was achieved independently by the trainee, and complications.
Results There were 219 procedures recorded and analyzed (134 with a trainee, 85 without). Three trainees were involved. Selective biliary cannulation was achieved in 201 (92 %) of cases. When a trainee was present, cannulation was successful in 122/134 procedures (91 %), compared to 79/85 (93 %) with a senior endoscopist alone (P = 0.8, Fisher’s exact test). Mean time to biliary cannulation with a trainee present was 7 minutes, compared with 5 minutes with no trainee. Mean time for successful independent cannulation by the trainee was 4 minutes, and 9 minutes for a consultant following a trainee’s attempt. There were no serious adverse events.
Conclusion Our study shows that with this training protocol, involvement of a trainee on a routine secondary care ERCP list does not impair biliary cannulation success, and does not prolong a subsequent attempt by the senior endoscopist if initially unsuccessful. These findings support the involvement of trainees in routine ERCP lists with this training protocol.
Sichere und umsetzbare Infektionsprävention
Authors: Metz Rita , Weckenbrock Ralf , Pietsch Michael 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Leitfaden In der operativen Medizin stellen infektiöse Patienten ein
besonderes Risiko dar, ­insbesondere beim Auftreten multiresistenter Erreger.
Einerseits kann es durch das invasive ­chirurgische und anästhesiologische
Vorgehen zum Freisetzen von Erregern im Operationssaal und im Aufwachraum
kommen, andererseits dürfen die dann erforderlichen Hygienemaßnahmen aber nicht
zu einer relevanten Beeinträchtigung der internen Abläufe führen. Kalkulierte
und mit den Betroffenen abgesprochene Hygienemaßnahmen sollten deshalb im
Hygieneplan eines ­Klinikums festgelegt werden. Die Konsensbildung erleichtert
dann deren Umsetzung.
Risk of perforation in balloon dilation associated with steroid injection for preventing esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Tsujii Yoshiki , Hayashi Yoshito , Kawai Naoki , Yamada Takuya , Yamamoto Katsumi , Hayashi Shiro , Yoshii Shunsuke , Nagai Kengo , Inoue Takuya , Nishida Tsutomu , Iijima Hideki , Mita Eiji , Inoue Atsuo , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic local steroid injection (LSI) has been used to prevent esophageal strictures after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for superficial esophageal neoplasms (SENs). This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of LSI therapy.
Patients and methods From May 2007 to September 2014, at four institutions, 40 consecutive patients with SENs were treated with ESD that left a mucosal defect of more than three-quarters of the esophageal circumference. Two patients who underwent esophagectomy after ESD were excluded, and 38 patients were analyzed. The incidence of post-ESD strictures and adverse events associated with LSI were retrospectively investigated.
Results Prophylactic LSI was administered in 28 patients (LSI group), and not administered in 10 patients (Non-prevention group). Post-ESD stricture rates were significantly lower in the LSI group (43 %) than in the Non-prevention group (90 %) (P = 0.012). Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) was conducted in 11 patients (39 %) in the LSI group and in 7 (70 %) in the Non-prevention group. In the LSI group, perforation caused by EBD occurred in five patients, while in the Non-prevention group, it occurred in only one patient who had received subsequent LSI before the perforation. Four patients with perforation successfully recovered after conservative therapy, but the other two patients required surgical treatment. A review of follow-up examinations with endoscopic ultrasonography and narrow-band imaging showed impaired ulcer-healing process after LSI.
Conclusion LSI is useful for preventing post-ESD strictures, but it appears to increase the risk of perforation in cases of EBD.
Representations of Eastern Europeans in the UK in reader comments of two British online newspapers
Authors: Paprota Małgorzata 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This chapter examines a sample of reader comments on parallel articles from two online quality dailies published in the UK at different points in 2014, telegraph.co.uk and theguardian.com, concerning the post-2004 migration from Eastern European countries to the UK. Remaining within critical discourse studies, in particular the discourse-historical approach, it sets out to analyse the representations of Eastern Europeans “below the line,” ie., in reader comments. The chapter finds that while Eastern European immigrants tend to be represented as problematic in what is a predominantly utilitarian frame of reference, these representations intersect with a problematisation of UK’s position in the EU and arguably externalise anxieties caused by the precarious economic situation in the UK.
Othering in Estonian online discussions about refugees
Authors: Laineste Liisi 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Talking about the Other evokes strong emotions tied to cultural narratives and folkloric motifs that are shared within communities. Following these discussions offers an entry point into practices of othering and their psychological, cultural and folkloric components. The chapter analyses how the Other is described in semi-public media, reflecting on the refugee crisis that intensified in 2015.
The analysis follows online discussions about the 2015 refugee crisis in Estonian public forums. In particular, the focus will be on the incident that triggered much public reverberation, namely setting fire to the refugee centre in Vao, north-eastern Estonia, in early September 2015. The interdisciplinary study is based on insights on othering from the areas of folkloristics and linguistics and relies on the methods offered by digital humanities. It aims to draw conclusions from the news readers’ comments to describe how online forums communicate conflicting emotions and opinions about the Other in the context of conflict. The results suggest that viewpoints become even more polarised in the discussion, othering both the strangers / refugees as well as local Estonian groups for or against accepting immigrants. In the course of heated discussions, folk rhetorics support long-established narratives of cultural trauma.
Exploring the perceptions of passers-by through the participatory documentary photography tool PhotoVoice
Authors: Hayik Rawia 
Published: June 2017

AbstractResearch in the linguistic landscape (LL) field underscores the need for investigating the passers-by’s perspectives. To explore how the passers-by perceive LLs, researchers often use questionnaires or interviews. This article suggests the use of an innovative research tool named PhotoVoice (Wang, Burris & Xiang, 1996), to shed light on the perception of signs by Israeli-Arab college students in their ideologically-laden area. After familiarizing the students with PhotoVoice and guiding questions for examining LLs, they were asked to capture photos of signs within their localities, analyze the messages embedded within, and write commentaries voicing their reflections. Thus, students themselves became both the data collectors and the analyzers. One of the highlighted categories was the absence of Arabic from commercial signs produced by Arab business owners. Students’ “PhotoVoices” within this category reflected not only the linguistic reality of the commercial signs within Arab localities, but also the ways such space was experienced by them as local inhabitants. Such findings demonstrate how, through PhotoVoice, LLs can become a stimulus for profound cognitive and emotional reflections of passers-by toward the LL.
SCooP: an accurate and fast predictor of protein stability curves as a function of temperature
Authors: Pucci Fabrizio , Kwasigroch Jean Marc , Rooman Marianne 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Motivation
The molecular bases of protein stability remain far from elucidated even though substantial progress has been made through both computational and experimental investigations. One of the most challenging goals is the development of accurate prediction tools of the temperature dependence of the standard folding free energy ΔG(T). Such predictors have an enormous series of potential applications, which range from drug design in the biopharmaceutical sector to the optimization of enzyme activity for biofuel production. There is thus an important demand for novel, reliable and fast predictors.

Results
We present the SCooP algorithm, which is a significant step towards accurate temperature-dependent stability prediction. This automated tool uses the protein structure and the host organism as sole entries and predicts the full T-dependent stability curve of monomeric proteins assumed to follow a two-state folding transition. Equivalently, it predicts all the thermodynamic quantities associated to the folding transition, namely the melting temperature Tm, the standard folding enthalpy ΔHm measured at Tm, and the standard folding heat capacity ΔCp. The cross-validated performances are good, with correlation coefficients between predicted and experimental values equal to [0.80, 0.83, 0.72] for ΔHm, ΔCp and Tm, respectively, which increase up to [0.88, 0.90, 0.78] upon the removal of 10% outliers. Moreover, the stability curve prediction of a target protein is very fast: it takes less than a minute. SCooP can thus potentially be applied on a structurome scale. This opens new perspectives of large-scale analyses of protein stability, which is of considerable interest for protein engineering.

Availability and implementation
The SCooP webserver is freely available at http://babylone.ulb.ac.be/SCooP.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.