bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dominant language transfer in heritage languages
Authors: Moro Francesca , van Suchtelen Pablo Irizarri 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Heritage languages (HL), like other contact varieties, are subject to considerable transfer. However, the question remains of whether structures are really transferred from one language to another. Two case studies, one about datives in heritage Spanish, and the other about resultatives in heritage Ambon Malay, serve as a basis for discussion around the nature of structural transfer in HLs. The main conclusion is that structural transfer can be characterized as a redistribution of already available structures, driven by lexical and conceptual properties. In order to account for this, we explain structural transfer in terms of cross-linguistic activation in a psycholinguistic model inspired by Hartsuiker et al. (2004).
Overarching consonant alternations
Authors: Oranskaia Tatiana 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This pilot research project addresses the interlanguage transfer of phonetic-phonemic phenomena in a trilingual situation: Bundeli-Hindi (L1-L2, not standard – standard) bidialectism extended by L3 English. The audio data analysis focuses on semantically and grammatically empty cross-phonemic consonant alternations that are not conditioned by phonotactics. Their transfer points to a specific transfer type, involving systemic relations. I introduce an alternation rate index as a tool to assess the dependence of cross-phonemic interlanguage alternations on linguistic and sociolinguistic parameters. The results of the analysis indicate that cross-phonemic alternations are unilaterally transferred from Bundeli to Hindi and English and that the alternation rate is inversely related to the socio-educational level and language proficiency as well as to the level of language standardisation.
Teaching academic discourse practices in multilingual classrooms
Authors: Lange Imke , Beckmann Vera , Galling Isabella 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Students’ success in school is closely linked to the mastering of academic language. In the context of linguistic und socio-cultural diversity, teaching practices which support students’ acquisition of this capability have become increasingly important. Empirical research in this field, however, is scarce. The video study Bildungssprachförderliches Lehrerhandeln (‘Teaching practices of academic language support’ – BilLe) analyzes the teaching of academic discourse practices in regular multilingual classrooms with a focus on teachers’ activities. The project is embedded in intercultural educational research focusing on curriculum development. For the purpose of this study, expert teachers were video-taped in regular lessons in various types of schools, grades and subjects. Based on content-based analyses (low-inference video coding) and interpretive video interaction analyses this article presents results from the part of the BilLe study that focused on a primary school.
Before the complementizer
Authors: Cruschina Silvio , Remberger Eva-Maria 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
In this paper we investigate the distributional, morphosyntactic, and semantic properties of a particular construction found in Romance, as well as in other languages such as English. This construction involves a class of elements that appear in sentence-initial position and that are followed by a complementizer introducing a root clause (a CP in generativist terms). This class may comprise underived attributes (adjectives) and derived attributes (adverbs), depending on the specific language. We claim that these adverbial constructions, as a result of grammaticalization, can be analysed as structurally equivalent to other constructions with similar speaker-oriented meanings, such as quotative and reportative constructions. A further or alternative process of grammaticalization, instead, has yielded new adverbial forms which morphologically include the complementizer.
Critical Notice: James A Harris’ Hume: an intellectual biography, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015
Authors: Kraal Anders 
Published: May 2017

AbstractJames Harris’s new Hume biography offers, among other things, ‘a series of conjectures as to what Hume’s intentions were in writing in the particular ways that he did about human nature, politics, economics, history, and religion’. The biography is particularly novel with regard to Hume’s intentions when writing about religion, which, Harris argues (in opposition to recent developments in Hume scholarship), were rather benign. Harris fails to appreciate the full extent of the difficulties attaching to his series of conjectures, however.
Structurexplor: a platform for the exploration of structural features of RNA secondary structures
Authors: Glouzon Jean-Pierre Séhi , Perreault Jean-Pierre , Wang Shengrui 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Summary
Discovering function-related structural features, such as the cloverleaf shape of transfer RNA secondary structures, is essential to understand RNA function. With this aim, we have developed a platform, named Structurexplor, to facilitate the exploration of structural features in populations of RNA secondary structures. It has been designed and developed to help biologists interactively search for, evaluate and select interesting structural features that can potentially explain RNA functions.

Availability and implementation
Structurxplor is a web application available at http://structurexplor.dinf.usherbrooke.ca. The source code can be found at http://jpsglouzon.github.io/structurexplor/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Implementation of a Large System-Wide Hepatitis C Virus Screening and Linkage to Care Program for Baby Boomers
Authors: Castrejón Mariana , Chew Kara W. , Javanbakht Marjan , Humphries Romney , Saab Sammy , Klausner Jeffrey D. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Background
We implemented and evaluated a large health system-wide hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening and linkage to care program for persons born between 1945 and 1965 (“baby boomers”).

Methods
An electronic health record (EHR) clinical decision support (CDS) tool for HCV screening for baby boomers was introduced in August 2015 for patients seen in the outpatient University of California, Los Angeles healthcare system setting. An HCV care coordinator was introduced in January 2016 to facilitate linkage to HCV care. We compared HCV testing in the year prior (August 2014–July 2015) to the year after (August 2015–July 2016) implementation of the CDS tool. Among patients with reactive HCV antibody testing, we compared outcomes related to the care cascade including HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) testing, HCV RNA positivity, and linkage to HCV specialty care.

Results
During the study period, 19606 participants were screened for HCV antibody. Hepatitis C virus antibody screening increased 145% (from 5676 patients tested to 13930 tested) after introduction of the CDS intervention. Screening increased across all demographic groups including age, sex, and race/ethnicity, with the greatest increases among those in the older age groups. The addition of an HCV care coordinator increased follow-up HCV RNA testing for HCV antibody positive patients from 83% to 95%. Ninety-four percent of HCV RNA positive patients were linked to care postimplementation.

Conclusions
Introduction of an EHR CDS tool and care coordination markedly increased the number of baby boomers screened for HCV, rates of follow-up HCV RNA testing, and linkage to specialty HCV care for patients with chronic HCV infection.
Detection of mcr-1-Carrying Escherichia coli Causing Bloodstream Infection in a New York City Hospital: Avian Origins, Human Concerns?
Authors: Macesic Nenad , Green Daniel , Wang Zheng , Sullivan Sean B. , Shim Kevin , Park Sarah , Whittier Susan , Furuya E. Yoko , Gomez-Simmonds Angela , Uhlemann Anne-Catrin 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The spread of mcr-1 in the United States remains poorly defined. mcr-1-producing Escherichia coli that also carried blaSHV-12 was detected in a hospitalized patient. No additional cases were identified during screening of 801 Gram-negative isolates. Genomic sequencing identified an IncX4 mcr-1- harboring plasmid and ST117 clonal background associated with avian pathogenic E coli.
Uncertainty Traps*
Authors: Fajgelbaum Pablo D. , Schaal Edouard , Taschereau-Dumouchel Mathieu 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We develop a theory of endogenous uncertainty and business cycles in which short-lived shocks can generate long-lasting recessions. In the model, higher uncertainty about fundamentals discourages investment. Since agents learn from the actions of others, information flows slowly in times of low activity and uncertainty remains high, further discouraging investment. The economy displays uncertainty traps: self-reinforcing episodes of high uncertainty and low activity. Although the economy recovers quickly after small shocks, large temporary shocks may have long-lasting effects on the level of activity. The economy is subject to an information externality but uncertainty traps may remain in the efficient allocation. Embedding the mechanism in a standard business cycle framework, we find that endogenous uncertainty increases the persistence of large recessions and improves the performance of the model in accounting for the Great Recession.
Accuracy of Capillary and Arterial Whole Blood Glucose Measurements Using a Glucose Meter in Patients under General Anesthesia in the Operating Room
Authors: Karon Brad S. , Donato Leslie J. , Larsen Chelsie M. , Siebenaler Lindsay K. , Wells Amy E. , Wood-Wentz Christina M. , Shirk-Marienau Mary E. , Curry Timothy B. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a glucose meter with surgical patients under general anesthesia in the operating room.

Methods
Glucose measurements were performed intraoperatively on 368 paired capillary and arterial whole blood samples using a Nova StatStrip (Nova Biomedical, USA) glucose meter and compared with 368 reference arterial whole blood glucose measurements by blood gas analyzer in 196 patients. Primary outcomes were median bias (meter minus reference), percentage of glucose meter samples meeting accuracy criteria for subcutaneous insulin dosing as defined by Parkes error grid analysis for type 1 diabetes mellitus, and accuracy criteria for intravenous insulin infusion as defined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Time under anesthesia, patient position, diabetes status, and other variables were studied to determine whether any affected glucose meter bias.

Results
Median bias (interquartile range) was −4 mg/dl (−9 to 0 mg/dl), which did not differ from median arterial meter bias of −5 mg/dl (−9 to −1 mg/dl; P = 0.32). All of the capillary and arterial glucose meter values met acceptability criteria for subcutaneous insulin dosing, whereas only 89% (327 of 368) of capillary and 93% (344 of 368) arterial glucose meter values met accuracy criteria for intravenous insulin infusion. Time, patient position, and diabetes status were not associated with meter bias.

Conclusions
Capillary and arterial blood glucose measured using the glucose meter are acceptable for intraoperative subcutaneous insulin dosing. Whole blood glucose on the meter did not meet accuracy guidelines established specifically for more intensive (e.g., intravenous insulin) glycemic control in the acute care environment.
Use of Paley Classification and SUPERankle Procedure in the Management of Fibular Hemimelia
Authors: Kulkarni Ruta M. , Arora Nitish , Saxena Sagar , Kulkarni Sujay M. , Saini Yadwinder , Negandhi Rajiv 
Published: May 2017

Background:
Fibular hemimelia is the most common deficiency involving the long bones. Paley classification is based on the ankle joint morphology, identifies the basic pathology, and helps in planning the surgical management. Reconstruction surgery encompasses foot deformity correction and limb length equalization. The SUPERankle procedure is a combination of bone and soft tissue procedures that stabilizes the foot and addresses all deformities.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed 29 consecutive patients (29 limb segments), surgically treated between December 2000 and December 2014. Among the 29 patients, 27 were treated with reconstructive procedures. Type 1 (8 patients) cases were treated with only limb lengthening, and correction of tibial deformities. Type 2 (7 patients) cases were treated by distal tibial medial hemiepiphysiodesis or supramalleolar varus osteotomy. In type 3 (10 patients) cases, the foot deformity was corrected using the SUPERankle procedure. Type 4 (2 patients) cases were treated with supramalleolar osteotomy along with posteromedial release and lateral column shortening. In a second stage, limb lengthening was performed, using the Ilizarov technique. In the remaining 2 patients (type 3A and type 3C), amputation was performed using Syme technique as a first choice of treatment.

Results:
The results were evaluated using Association for the Study and Application of Methods of Ilizarov scoring. Excellent results were obtained in 15 of 27 (55%) patients. Six (22%) patients had good results, 4 (14.8%) had fair results, and 2 (7%) had poor results. Mean limb length discrepancy at initial presentation was 3.55 cm (range: 2 to 5.5 cm) which significantly improved to 1.01 cm (range: 0 to 3 cm) after treatment (P=0.015).

Conclusions:
Our results and a review of the literature clearly suggest that limb reconstruction according to Paley classification, is an excellent option in the management of fibular hemimelia. Our 2-staged procedure (SUPERankle procedure followed by limb lengthening) helps in reducing the complications of limb lengthening and incidence of ankle stiffness. Performing the first surgery at an earlier age (below 5 y) plays a significant role in preventing recurrent foot deformities.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Treatment of Actinic Keratoses: A Randomized Split-Site Approach Comparison of Sequential 5-Fluorouracil and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy to 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Monotherapy
Authors: Pei Susan , Kaminska Edidiong C.N. , Tsoukas Maria M. 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND
Actinic keratoses (AKs) are skin lesions resulting from sun exposure and carry a risk of developing into squamous cell carcinoma. Current therapies for AK eradication include topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) with topical 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). However, sequential therapy with 5-FU-ALA-PDT may offer improved outcome compared to ALA-PDT alone.

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to compare the long-term efficacy of AK clearance by sequential therapy with 5-FU-ALA-PDT versus ALA-PDT alone.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This is a single center, randomized split-site approach study on equivalent anatomical and clinical sites. Seventeen patients were enrolled with one half of the site randomized to receive sequential 5-FU-ALA-PDT and the other side with ALA-PDT monotherapy. Total AKs were counted at baseline, 6 and 12 months.

RESULTS
Median percentage reduction in AK number at 6 months for 5-FU-ALA-PDT versus ALA-PDT was 100% for 5-FU-ALA-PDT (N = 21) and 66.7% for ALA-PDT (N = 21), p = .001. Median percentage reduction in AK number at 12 months for 5-FU-ALA-PDT versus ALA-PDT was 100% for 5-FU-ALA-PDT (N = 22) and 82.6% for ALA-PDT (N = 22), p = .0002.

CONCLUSION
Sequential therapy with 5-FU-ALA-PDT is more effective at AK clearance at 6 and 12 months compared to ALA-PDT monotherapy.
A Two-Phase Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of an In Situ Polymerizing Collagen
Authors: Inglefield Christopher , Rone-McCrate Rebecca , Brooks Robert , Zhu Jiaxun , Grant Sheila , DeVore Dale P. 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND
Demand for collagen-based fillers has declined primarily because of limited long-term clinical benefit and the introduction of hyaluronic acid compositions. In situ polymerizing collagen is a noncrosslinked solution of porcine collagen containing a collagenase shield that undergoes fibrillogenesis on injected into tissues forming a natural matrix.

OBJECTIVE
Conduct a prospective, single-center, dual-phase open-label study in 8 subjects to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of the porcine collagen composition.

METHODS
In Phase I, potential hypersensitivity of the collagen composition was evaluated after skin testing in the back (men) or forearms of subjects (women). In Phase II, subjects showing no signs of hypersensitivity received collagen injections into the nasolabial area followed by evaluation at 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale.

RESULTS
None of the subjects had signs of hypersensitivity and all continued in Phase II. The treating physician(s) reported no post-treatment adverse events. Improvement of the nasolabial fold was observed by the physicians and confirmed by assessment of high-resolution photographs and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores over the 12-week treatment were maintained.

CONCLUSION
In this pilot clinical study in situ polymerizing collagen was shown to be safe and effective throughout the 3-month study period.
Impact of Smoke Evacuation on Patient Experience During Mohs Surgery
Authors: Yonan Yousif , Ochoa Shari 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND
There have been several investigations into possible health risks of surgical smoke exposure, and it has previously been associated with harboring pathogens and carcinogens. Patients in the authors' practice have expressed that the odor from the smoke created by electrosurgical equipment is unpleasant.

OBJECTIVE
The authors sought to determine if smoke evacuation decreases patient perception of smoke created by electrosurgery during Mohs surgery and if it subsequently improves patient satisfaction with their surgical experience by minimizing the associated odor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty patients were enrolled in this comparative trial. Smoke evacuation was used during closure but not during Mohs stages. Patients were queried regarding their experience and preferences during and at the end of the procedure.

RESULTS
100% of patients reported the perception of a burning odor during removal of Mohs stages, compared with 40% reporting the perception of a burning odor during closure. During the Mohs stages, 66.6% of patients reported the odor as unpleasant compared with 16.6% of patients during closure. There were no statistically significant differences in patient perceptions when stratified by age, sex, or surgical site.

CONCLUSION
The authors believe that using a wall suction smoke evacuation system is simple and can result in a more pleasant experience for patients undergoing Mohs surgery.
Calcium Hydroxylapatite Dermal Filler for Treatment of Dorsal Hand Volume Loss: Results From a 12-Month, Multicenter, Randomized, Blinded Trial
Authors: Goldman Mitchel P. , Moradi Amir , Gold Michael H. , Friedmann Daniel P. , Alizadeh Kaveh , Adelglass Jeffrey M. , Katz Bruce E. 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND
Calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) microspheres suspended in a carrier gel is an opaque dermal filler that has been used to provide immediate volume correction in the dorsal hands.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the safety and effectiveness of CaHA for the correction of volume loss in the hands up to 12 months.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This multicenter, controlled, single-blind study (NCT01832090) included 114 subjects randomized 3:1 to CaHA treatment and untreated control groups. Effectiveness was assessed by blinded investigators using the validated Merz Hand Grading Scale (MHGS). Subject-reported improvement was assessed using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale. Effects of treatment on hand function were also assessed.

RESULTS
A total of 75% of subjects achieved ≥1-point improvement on the MHGS (p < .0001) at 3 months (primary end point); this response was generally maintained through 12 months. Proportions of subjects reporting improvement ranged from 98% (3 months) to 86% (12 months). There were no clinically significant differences between control and CaHA-treated subjects in any hand function measure. Adverse events were generally expected, minor, short-lived, injection-related, and similar to those observed in previous CaHA clinical studies.

CONCLUSION
Treatment with CaHA results in significant improvement in the appearance of the dorsal hand and is well tolerated.
The Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Primary Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Spottswood Margaret , Davydow Dimitry S. , Huang Hsiang 
Published: May 2017

Learning objectivesAfter participating in this activity, learners should be better able to:• Determine the prevalence of clinician-diagnosed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in primary care patients• Identify the prevalence of questionnaire-ascertained PTSD symptoms in primary care patientsObjectiveDetermine the prevalence of clinician-diagnosed PTSD and questionnaire-ascertained PTSD symptoms in primary care patients.MethodsA systematic review of the literature using the PRISMA method, searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Database, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and relevant book chapter bibliographies. Studies that reported on the prevalence, including point or lifetime prevalence, of PTSD ascertained using diagnostic interviews or self-report questionnaires, or from administrative data, among patients seen in primary care were deemed eligible for inclusion. We abstracted data on the PTSD assessment tool, the mean questionnaire scores/cutoff scores, the time period of PTSD symptoms, and PTSD prevalence reported.ResultsOf 10,614 titles screened, 41 studies were eligible for inclusion. The included studies assessed PTSD in a total of 7,256,826 primary care patients. The median point prevalence of PTSD across studies was 12.5%. The median point prevalence in the civilian population was 11.1%; in the special-risk population, 12.5%; and in veterans, 24.5%. The point prevalence of diagnostic interview–ascertained PTSD ranged from 2% to 32.5%, and the point prevalence of questionnaire-based substantial PTSD symptoms ranged from 2.9% to 39.1%. Lifetime prevalence of diagnostic interview–ascertained PTSD ranged from 14.5% to 48.8%. The prevalence of PTSD in administrative data–based studies ranged from 3.5% to 29.2%.ConclusionsPTSD is common in primary care settings. Additional research on effective and generalizable interventions for PTSD in primary care is needed.