bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State Minimum Wage and Mental Health Among Children and Adolescents
Authors: Kavanagh Nolan M. , McConnell Margaret , Slopen Natalie 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceMental health disorders are increasing for children and adolescents in the US, with those in poverty having especially high rates. More evidence is needed about the association between economic policies, such as the minimum wage, and children’s mental health.ObjectiveTo test the association between minimum wages and the mental health of children and adolescents.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis repeated cross-sectional, population-based US study used data from 2001 to 2022. Participants included state-representative, stratified random samples of children from the National Survey of Children’s Health and adolescents from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Data analysis was performed from January 2023 to August 2024.ExposureState minimum wage policies.Main Outcomes and MeasuresA total of 15 outcomes reported by caregivers or adolescents from survey data were evaluated: depression, anxiety, attention deficit disorder and/or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, behavior disorders, mood symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, considered and attempted suicide, any unmet health care and mental health care, alcohol and marijuana use, physical fights, school absenteeism, and paid employment. The associations between minimum wage policies and mental health were tested using 2-way fixed-effects models, lifetime minimum wage models, and difference-in-differences models with event studies, all with state, year, and birth cohort fixed effects. Additional controls included individual-level demographics and state-level health insurance and welfare policies.ResultsAnalyses included 239 534 children (aged 3-17 years; 117 111 girls [48.9%]) from the 2016 to 2022 National Survey of Children’s Health, and 1 453 043 adolescents (aged 12-18 years; 711 380 girls [49.0%]) from the 2001 to 2021 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Across diverse modeling approaches, increases in minimum wages were not associated with clear, consistent improvements in mental health. For example, in 2-way fixed-effects models, a $1 increase in the minimum wage was not associated with changes in rates of depression (0.06 percentage points [pp]; 95% CI, –0.11 to 0.23 pp; P = .48), unmet mental health care (0.13 pp; 95% CI, –0.04 to 0.30 pp; P = .14), or attempted suicide (–0.17 pp; 95% CI, –0.47 to 0.13 pp; P = .26). There also were no clear improvements when stratifying by household income, parental education, race and ethnicity, nativity, or urbanicity.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this repeated cross-sectional study, changes in minimum wage policies over the past 2 decades were not accompanied by clear improvements in children’s and adolescents’ mental health. More evidence is needed on policy approaches to improve the mental well-being of children, particularly those from economically disadvantaged families.
3D‐Printing of Highly Piezoelectric Barium Titanate Polymer Nanocomposites with Surface‐Modified Nanoparticles at Low Loadings
Authors: Maturi Mirko , Migliorini Lorenzo , Villa Sara Moon , Santaniello Tommaso , Fernandez‐Delgado Natalia , Molina Sergio Ignacio , Milani Paolo , Sanz de León Alberto , Franchini Mauro Comes 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work describes the development and characterization of tetragonal barium titanate nanoparticles (BTO NPs) and their surface functionalization with dopamine dodecylamine (DDA), a lipophilic organic ligand. The so‐obtained lipophilic NPs (BTO‐DDA) are then formulated at low loadings (< 5 wt.%) into liquid photocurable resins for vat photopolymerization (VP) and 3D printed into solid objects. The printed composites are mechanically characterized in order to assess the effect of the nanomaterial on the mechanical properties of the 3D printed polymer, revealing no significant variations in the mechanical properties (tensile or flexural) of the nanocomposites compared to the original polymer matrix. In light of these results, the printed nanocomposites are studied in terms of their capacity to generate a separation of charge by the piezoelectric effect, typical of the BTO crystal structure. This study reveals that BTO‐loaded nanocomposites display outstanding piezoelectric coefficients as high as 50 pC/N when BTO‐DDA is formulated at 3.0 wt.%, only slightly less than one‐third of the piezoelectric coefficient previously reported for bulk BTO, while preserving the mechanical properties of the polymer matrix.
Designing LiDAR‐Detectable Dark‐Tone Materials with High Near‐Infrared Reflectivity for Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Otgonbayar Zambaga , Kim Jiwon , Sa Minki , Lee Hwa Sung , Noh Jungchul , Yoon Chang‐Min 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAutonomous driving relies on the precise recognition of objects using light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology, that operates at a specific wavelength of 905 nm. Black objects, such as carbon black used in vehicle coating, tend to absorb this specific wavelength significantly, which limits the performance of LiDAR sensors. To address this issue, researchers have explored creating dark‐toned materials that can be detected by LiDAR with high NIR reflectivity while maintaining a true blackness (L* < 20 based on the CIE color coordinates). These materials fall into two categories: organic and inorganic pigments. Organic pigments can be synthetically adjusted to achieve true blackness by manipulating their functional groups, but achieving high NIR reflectivity remains challenging, often requiring a bilayer structure with NIR‐reflective white base and an upper layer of organic black pigments. Additionally, the need for hydrophobic additives and resistance to degradation from sunlight further restricts their use. In the case of inorganic pigments, the desired LiDAR‐detectable properties can be obtained through careful control of their composition, structure, and morphology, allowing for single‐layer coatings with appropriate design. This review highlights recent advancements in developing organic and inorganic LiDAR‐detectable black pigments and outlines future material design strategies for autonomous vehicle systems.
Regulation of the Built‐In Electric Fields of MIL‐125(Ti)@Ti‐Ce‐MOF Yolk‐Shell Z‐Scheme Heterojunctions via Ligand Defects Toward Optimized Photocatalytic Performances
Authors: Hu Tingting , Feng Panpan , Chu Hongqi , Wang Xuepeng , Liu Fusheng , Zhou Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe controllable formation of a built‐in electric field (IEF) can effectively separate photogenerated electrons and holes and optimize the band structure of a material, thus improving its photocatalytic performance. Here, a novel type of defective metal‐organic framework (MOF), i.e., an MIL‐125(Ti)@Ti‐Ce‐MOF yolk‐shell Z‐scheme heterojunction, is synthesized using a simple ion‐etching‐coupled reconstruction method. By controlling the concentration of ligand defects within the MOF heterojunction, the strength of the IEF within the heterojunction can be effectively regulated. Moreover, the experimental and theoretical results demonstrated that ligand defects within the Z‐scheme heterojunction structure can enhance the efficiency of photogenerated carrier separation and improve the transport capacity by regulating the IEF. The photocatalytic tetracycline (TC) degradation performance of the resultant MIL‐125(Ti)@Ti‐Ce‐MOF yolk‐shell heterojunction is ≈52.5‐ and 5.5‐fold higher than those of Ti‐Ce‐MOF and MIL‐125(Ti), respectively, indicating the efficient spatial charge separation due to the enhanced IEF. This study reveals the precise control of the IEF over the MIL‐125(Ti)@Ti‐Ce‐MOF yolk‐shell Z‐scheme heterojunction, elucidating the relationship between the IEF and ligand defect concentration and promoting the photocatalytic performances of MOF@MOF‐based catalysts via density functional theory and related experiments.
A Multiple Targeting Genome Editing System for Remodulation of Circulating Malignant Cells to Eliminate Cancer Immunosuppression and Restore Immune Responses
Authors: Ren Xiao‐He , Guo Tao , Xu Ma‐Fei , Huang Yun , Liao Xin‐Ru , Qi Li‐Jin , Cheng Si‐Xue 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCancer immunotherapy, which aims to eliminate cancer immunosuppression and reactivate anticancer immunity, holds great promise in oncology treatments. However, it is challenging to accurately study the efficacy of immunotherapy based on human‐derived cells through animal experiments due to xenogeneic immune rejection. Herein, a personalized and precise strategy to evaluate the effectiveness of immunotherapy using the blood samples of cancer patients is presented. Through the utilization of multiple cancer‐targeting delivery system decorated with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐specific aptamer CL4 and the AXL‐specific aptamer GL21.T to achieve superior efficiency in delivering the genome editing plasmid for MUC1 knockout, effective modulation on the behavior of circulating malignant cells (CMCs) is realized. After genome editing, both mucin 1 (MUC1) and programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) are significantly downregulated in CMCs. The elimination of immunosuppression results in markedly enhanced secretion of pro‐inflammatory anticancer cytokines encompassing interleukins 2, 12, and 15 and interferon‐γ by immune cells. The study not only provides a strategy to overcome immunosuppression but also yields critical insights for personalized immunotherapy approaches.
Evolution of Nitrogen‐Coordinated Metal Single Atoms Toward Single‐Atom Alloys on MgH₂ as Efficient and Stable Hydrogen Spillover Catalysts
Authors: Pang Yao , Wan Xin , Li Yongcheng , Song Mengchen , Liu Xiaofang , Shang Jiaxiang , Zheng Lirong , Shui Jianglan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractM–N–C catalysts with nitrogen‐coordinated metal single‐atom active sites have demonstrated high activity for hydrogen storage materials, but their stability in this application remains uncertain. This study addresses this issue by using nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) molecules on MgH₂ particles as a model system. It is found that the N‐coordinated high‐valence Ni single atoms in the NiN₄ active site are unstable in the reducing environment of hydrogen storage, spontaneously evolving into zero‐valence Ni, forming a Ni₁‐Mg single‐atom alloy (SAA). The Ni₁‐Mg SAA exhibits remarkable stability in catalyzing Mg hydrogen storage reactions. Furthermore, it demonstrates comprehensive catalytic activity for each step of hydrogen absorption and desorption from Mg, surpassing the efficiency of the NiN₄ active site, especially in the critical steps of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation. Overall, the catalytic performance of Ni₁‐Mg SAA is superior to most known nickel‐based catalysts. This evolutionary process is also observed in FePc, CoPc, and tetraphenylporphyrin nickel (Ni‐TPP), suggesting that this reducing transformation is a universal phenomenon for MN₄‐type active sites in hydrogen storage catalysis.
Borane‐Catalyzed Selective Transformation of Levulinic Acid and Hydrazines into Hexahydropyridazines and Tetrahydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones Using Hydrosilane
Authors: Luo Zhenli , Yang Jianbo , Yang Ji , Yao Zhen , He Zhenni , Liu Kai , Xu Lijin , Shi Qian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBorane‐catalyzed one‐pot tandem cyclization/hydrosilylation of levulinic acid and other γ‐keto acids with hydrazines for selective access to hexahydropyridazines and tetrahydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones has been developed. The combination of B(C6F5)3 and Et3SiH allows for synthesis of various hexahydropyridazines and tetrahydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones in 67–97% yields with tolerance towards various functional groups and easy scale‐up. This reaction can be rendered enantioselective by using a chiral borane catalyst generated in situ from HB(C6F5)2 and a binaphthyl‐based chiral diene and PhMe2SiH, affording the target products in 70–92% yields with up to >99% ee. The judicious choice of borane catalyst and hydrosilane reductant proves to be critical for catalysis. Mechanistic investigations elucidate the catalytic pathway.
Science and Engineering of Superaerophobic Surfaces for Electrochemical Gas—Evolving Reactions: A Review of Recent Advances and Perspective
Authors: Abedi Rokhsareh , Barati Darband Ghasem 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn energy conversion processes and various industries, gas evolution reactions (GERs) play an important role. To achieve a future without fossil fuels, the development of high‐efficiency electrocatalysts is necessary, as they directly affect the catalytic performance and overall efficiency of reactions. In addition to the discovery of highly active catalysts, the rapid removal of gaseous products on the electrode surface is equally important for GERs. The adherence of bubbles to the electrode surface introduces substantial resistance, significantly diminishing the system's efficiency. One promising solution to reduce the adhesion of bubbles is the development of electrocatalysts with superaerophobic levels. These surface structures, such as nanotubes, nanosheets, and nanowires, prevent gas bubbles from adhering and promote their rapid removal from the electrode. The aim of this review is first to obtain a deep understanding of mechanisms related to the creation of superaerophobic surfaces, including their characteristics, methods of creation, and bubble detachment behavior. Furthermore, recent advances in the application of these surfaces in various gas‐evolving reactions to enhance electrocatalytic properties are discussed. By taking this innovative approach, valuable insights can be gained into advancing the field of electrocatalysis and driving progress toward sustainable energy solutions.
RBBP6‐Mediated ERRα Degradation Contributes to Mitochondrial Injury in Renal Tubular Cells in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Hu Hongtu , Hu Jijia , Chen Zhaowei , Yang Keju , Zhu Zijing , Hao Yiqun , Zhang Zongwei , Li Weiwei , Peng Zhuan , Cao Yun , Sun Xiaoling , Zhang Fangcheng , Chi Qingjia , Ding Guohua , Liang Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiabetic Kidney Disease (DKD), a major precursor to end‐stage renal disease, involves mitochondrial dysfunction in proximal renal tubular cells (PTCs), contributing to its pathogenesis. Estrogen‐related receptor α (ERRα) is essential for mitochondrial integrity in PTCs, yet its regulation in DKD is poorly understood. This study investigates ERRα expression and its regulatory mechanisms in DKD, assessing its therapeutic potential. Using genetic, biochemical, and cellular approaches, ERRα expression Was examined in human DKD specimens and DKD mouse models. We identified the E3 ubiquitin ligase retinoblastoma binding protein 6 (RBBP6) as a regulator of ERRα, promoting its degradation through K48‐linked polyubiquitination at the K100 residue. This degradation pathway significantly contributed to mitochondrial injury in PTCs of DKD models. Notably, conditional ERRα overexpression or RBBP6 inhibition markedly reduced mitochondrial damage in diabetic mice, highlighting ERRα’s protective role in maintaining mitochondrial integrity. The interaction between RBBP6 and ERRα opens new therapeutic avenues, suggesting that modulating RBBP6‐ERRα interactions could be a strategy for preserving mitochondrial function and slowing DKD progression.
Facet Engineering of Cobalt Manganese Oxide for Highly Stable Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Lee Chi Wing , Cazorla Claudio , Zhou Shujie , Zhang Ding , Xu Hanyu , Zhong Wenyu , Zhang Ming , Chu Dewei , Han Zhaojun , Amal Rose 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeveloping cost‐effective, robust, and durable catalysts for water oxidation in acidic conditions remains a significant challenge for the practical application of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers. Cobalt‐based spinel catalysts, known for their effective oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity in acidic environments, are promising alternatives to the costly iridium‐based catalysts. However, their application is often limited by poor stability under corrosive acidic conditions and oxidative potential. Here it is demonstrated that doping Co2MnO4 with Ni effectively regulates the structural and electronic properties of the catalysts, enabling stable operation for over 285 h at 100 mA cm−2 in 0.5 m H2SO4. This stability enhancement is primarily due to the increased exposure of the (400) facet, a result supported by theoretical studies. The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) performance of Ni(5%)Co2MnO4 further demonstrates its potential, achieving 1 A cm−2 at a cell voltage of 2.3 V, with minimal degradation over 100 h at 500 mA cm−2. This study not only provides insights into the design of advanced OER catalysts through the doping of heteroatoms but also offers a pathway to enhance the sustainability and economic viability of acidic OER applications.
Tandem Synthesis of Piriqualone and Analogues Using Deep Eutectic Solvents: Photophysical and Theoretical Insights
Authors: Mohideen Mohamed Haneef Mohamed , Nawaz Khan Fazlurrahman 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study presents a sustainable chemical approach for the tandem synthesis of Piriqualone a sedative and anxiolytic drug and its analogues using a green protocol. The research investigates the ability of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to act as catalysts as well as solvent in a tandem reaction involving transition metal‐free dehydrogenation and sp3 C−H bond functionalization, leading to the formation of styryl‐heterocyclic compounds (7a–p). These styryl derivatives were thoroughly characterized through spectral analysis and photophysical property evaluation. The relationship between chemical structure and AIE properties was particularly examined for compound 7n. Additionally, the experimental findings were corroborated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The structures of compounds 7j, 7p and 7fa were further validated through single crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
Effectiveness of psychological therapies for depression and anxiety in atypical dementia
Authors: El Baou Celine , Saunders Rob , Buckman Joshua E. J. , Richards Marcus , Cooper Claudia , Marchant Natalie L. , Desai Roopal , Bell Georgia , Fearn Caroline , Pilling Stephen , Zimmermann Nikki , Mansfield Val , Crutch Sebastian , Brotherhood Emilie , John Amber , Stott Joshua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPeople with dementia may benefit from psychological therapies for depression or anxiety, but evidence of their effectiveness in atypical dementia is limited.METHODSUsing electronic health‐care records of > 2 million people who attended psychological therapy services in England between 2012 and 2019, we examined pre–post therapy symptom changes and compared therapy outcomes among 523 people with atypical dementia, a matched cohort without dementia, and 1157 people with typical dementia.RESULTSPeople with atypical dementia experienced reductions in depression (Cohen d = −0.92 [−1.05 to −0.79]) and anxiety (d = −0.85 [−0.98 to −0.73]) symptoms. They had similar odds of improvement than people with typical dementia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85 to 1.34), but lower odds than people living without dementia (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.91). Reasons for discharge were similar between all groups.DISCUSSIONPeople with atypical dementia may benefit from primary care psychological therapies, but further research is needed to explore necessary adaptations.Highlights
Talking therapies for depression and anxiety may be beneficial for people with atypical dementia.
Being younger and having a lower socioeconomic background are associated with poorer outcomes.
Receiving more treatment sessions and shorter waiting times are associated with better outcomes.
A comparative study of the established methods and evaluation of rat trauma models
Authors: Sun Zhenmin , Sun Jia , Su Gang , Wang Ruohan , Zhai Zhaohui , Yu Feng , Li Yuli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundScientific animal models are indispensable for studying trauma repair. This work aimed at establishing a more scientific rat trauma model by studying different rat trauma models caused by different trauma numbers, locations, and trauma attachment tension unloaders and rat age.MethodsA four‐trauma self‐upper, lower, left and right control model; a two‐trauma self‐trauma bare and ring control model; and a young and old rat trauma model were created to evaluate the condition of these traumas.ResultsIn the four‐trauma self‐control model, the healing status of the upper proximal cephalic trauma was better than that of the lower proximal caudal trauma, whereas there was no significant difference between the left and right trauma. The healing rate and postwound condition of the trauma with a ring control in the two‐trauma model were better than those of the bare side. The healing speed of the old rats was slower, and the amount of extracellular matrix in the subcutaneous tissue after healing was significantly lower than that of the young rats.ConclusionThe double trauma with a ring is a more scientific and reasonable experimental model. There is a significant difference between young and old rats in the wound healing process. Therefore, the appropriate age of the rats should be selected according to the main age range of the patients with similar conditions in the clinical setting being mimicked.
Near‐Infinite‐Chain Polymers with Ge=Ge Double Bonds
Authors: Thömmes Anna‐Lena , Büttner Thomas , Morgenstern Bernd , Janka Oliver , Kickelbick Guido , Niebuur Bart‐Jan , Kraus Tobias , Gallei Markus , Scheschkewitz David 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite considerable interest in heteroatom‐containing conjugated polymers, there are only few examples with heavier p‐block elements in the conjugation path. The recently reported heavier acyclic diene metathesis (HADMET) allowed for the synthesis of a polymer containing Ge=Ge double bonds—albeit insoluble and with limited degree of polymerization. By incorporation of long alkyl chains, we now obtained soluble representatives, which exhibit degrees of polymerization near infinity according to diffusion‐ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). UV/Vis and NMR data confirm the presence of σ,π‐conjugation across the silylene‐phenylene linkers between the Ge=Ge double bonds. Favorable intermolecular dispersion interactions lead to ladder‐like cylindrical assemblies as confirmed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and DLS. AFM and TEM images of deposited thin films reveal lamellar ordering of extended polymer bundles.
Just Add Water and Stir: An Artificial Suburban Lake Develops Into an Important Moulting Site for Large‐Bodied Herbivorous Wildfowl
Authors: Clausen Kevin Kuhlmann , Grøn Per Nissen , Larsen Henning Lykke , Clausen Preben , Fox Anthony David 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEgø Engsø is an artificial Danish suburban lake created in 2006, primarily for nutrient retention and flood control. Expanding submerged macrophyte cover (dominated by Stoneworts Chara spp. and Pondweeds Potamogeton spp.) attracted moulting concentrations of 600 mute swans Cygnus olor, 1100 greylag geese Anser anser and 280 Canada geese Branta canadensis. These unexpected additions to the avifauna benefit from reliable food supplies and effective protection from recreational disturbance on and near the water surface. Egø Engsø is a model of enabling intense human activity at a waterbird moulting site, and confirming appropriate planning can accommodate multiple functional objectives following wetland creation.