bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Making of the Andrea Wave and other Rogues
Authors: Donelan Mark A. , Magnusson Anne-Karin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUnexpectedly large ocean waves or ‘rogues’ are sometimes claimed to be the cause of damage to ships at sea and to offshore structures. While wind-driven wave models are capable of predicting the average characteristics of waves, the maximum height of rogues that may occur is yet unknown. Rogues form in the open ocean through the addition of elemental wave trains or groups and, infrequently, with many elements coming together in phase, producing rogues. Here we perform directional analyses on one of the steepest rogues ever recorded: the Andrea wave. We find that the Andrea wave was close to the breaking-limited height. Analysis of the 72 twenty minute records on the day of the Andrea wave yields encounter return periods of about 21 days for maximally steep waves, while less steep rogues occur about twice daily. An explicit formula is given for the encounter probability, based on the target area. This work answers the critical questions regarding rogues in the design and operation of ships and offshore structures: how high can rogues be and how frequently they occur.
Critical increase in Na-doping facilitates acceptor band movements that yields ~180 meV shallow hole conduction in ZnO bulk crystals
Authors: Parmar Narendra S. , Yim Haena , Choi Ji-Won 
Published: March 2017

AbstractStable p-type conduction in ZnO has been a long time obstacle in utilizing its full potential such as in opto-electronic devices. We designed a unique experimental set-up in the laboratory for high Na-doping by thermal diffusion in the bulk ZnO single crystals. SIMS measurement shows that Na concentration increases by 3 orders of magnitude, to ~3 × 1020 cm−3 as doping temperature increases to 1200 °C. Electronic infrared absorption was measured for Na-acceptors. Absorption bands were observed near (0.20–0.24) eV. Absorption bands blue shifted by 0.04 eV when doped at 1200 °C giving rise to shallow acceptor level. NaZn band movements as a function of doping temperature are also seen in Photoluminescence emission (PL), Photoluminescence excitation (PLE) and UV-Vis transmission measurements. Variable temperature Hall measurements show stable p-type conduction with hole binding energy ~0.18 eV in ZnO samples that were Na-doped at 1200 °C.
Asymmetries on red giant branch surfaces from CHARA/MIRC optical interferometry
Authors: Chiavassa A. , Norris R. , Montargès M. , Ligi R. , Fossati L. , Bigot L. , Baron F. , Kervella P. , Monnier J. D. , Mourard D. , Nardetto N. , Perrin G. , Schaefer G. H. , ten Brummelaar T. A. , Magic Z. , Collet R. , Asplund M. 
Published: March 2017

Context. Red giant branch (RGB) stars are very bright objects in galaxies and are often used as standard candles. Interferometry is the ideal tool to characterize the dynamics and morphology of their atmospheres.
Aims. We aim at precisely characterising the surface dynamics of a sample of RGB stars.
Methods. We obtained interferometric observations for three RGB stars with the MIRC instrument mounted at the CHARA interferometer. We looked for asymmetries on the stellar surfaces using limb-darkening models.
Results. We measured the apparent diameters of HD 197989 (ϵ Cyg) = 4.61 ± 0.02 mas, HD 189276 (HR 7633) = 2.95 ± 0.01 mas, and HD 161096 (β Oph) = 4.43 ± 0.01 mas. We detected departures from the centrosymmetric case for all three stars with the tendency of a greater effect for lower logg of the sample. We explored the causes of this signal and conclude that a possible explanation to the interferometric signal is the convection-related and/or the magnetic-related surface activity. However, it is necessary to monitor these stars with new observations, possibly coupled with spectroscopy, in order to firmly establish the cause.
Novel combinatorial screening identifies neurotrophic factors for selective classes of motor neurons
Authors: Schaller Sébastien , Buttigieg Dorothée , Alory Alysson , Jacquier Arnaud , Barad Marc , Merchant Mark , Gentien David , de la Grange Pierre , Haase Georg 
Published: March 2017

Significance
Neurotrophic factors are endogenous survival factors for developing neurons during their programmed cell death, and represent therapeutic candidates in several neurodegenerative diseases. Studies in the developing spinal cord suggest that neurotrophic factors promote the survival of motor neurons in a combinatorial manner. To better understand this, we systematically assayed pairwise combinations of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) on highly standardized motor neuron cultures prepared by a unique FACS technique. Our data unravel potent additivity of three neurotrophic factors due to their specific survival effects on distinct classes of motor neurons innervating different targets. Further analyses are required to better understand combinatorial NTF effects in adulthood and to define optimized NTF combinations for degenerative motor neuron diseases.
Genetic dissection of colorectal cancer progression by orthotopic transplantation of engineered cancer organoids
Authors: Fumagalli Arianna , Drost Jarno , Suijkerbuijk Saskia J. E. , van Boxtel Ruben , de Ligt Joep , Offerhaus G. Johan , Begthel Harry , Beerling Evelyne , Tan Ee Hong , Sansom Owen J. , Cuppen Edwin , Clevers Hans , van Rheenen Jacco 
Published: March 2017

Significance
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer death, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we developed an orthotopic organoid transplantation approach and used engineered human colon tumor organoids to study the contribution of common CRC mutations to metastasis. Using this approach, we show that the combination of oncogenic mutations in Wnt, EGFR, P53, and TGF-β signaling pathways facilitates efficient tumor cell migration and metastasis. These mutations allow growth independent of stem cell niche factors, enabling cells to grow at foreign distant sites that lack these factors. Our findings suggest that metastasis is a direct consequence of acquired niche independency.
Engineered erythrocytes covalently linked to antigenic peptides can protect against autoimmune disease
Authors: Pishesha Novalia , Bilate Angelina M. , Wibowo Marsha C. , Huang Nai-Jia , Li Zeyang , Deshycka Rhogerry , Bousbaine Djenet , Li Hojun , Patterson Heide C. , Dougan Stephanie K. , Maruyama Takeshi , Lodish Harvey F. , Ploegh Hidde L. 
Published: March 2017

SignificanceImmune-mediated diseases are prevalent, debilitating, and costly. Unfortunately, current treatments rely on nonspecific immunosuppression, which also shuts down a protective immune response. To circumvent this, we exploited the noninflammatory natural means of clearance of red blood cells (RBCs), in combination with sortase-mediated RBC surface modification to display disease-associated autoantigens as RBCs’ own antigens. We found that this strategy holds promise for prophylaxis and therapy, as shown in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis and of type 1 diabetes.
SmartR: an open-source platform for interactive visual analytics for translational research data
Authors: Herzinger Sascha , Gu Wei , Satagopam Venkata , Eifes Serge , Rege Kavita , Barbosa-Silva Adriano , Schneider Reinhard ,   eTRIKS Consortium
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Summary
In translational research, efficient knowledge exchange between the different fields of expertise is crucial. An open platform that is capable of storing a multitude of data types such as clinical, pre-clinical or OMICS data combined with strong visual analytical capabilities will significantly accelerate the scientific progress by making data more accessible and hypothesis generation easier. The open data warehouse tranSMART is capable of storing a variety of data types and has a growing user community including both academic institutions and pharmaceutical companies. tranSMART, however, currently lacks interactive and dynamic visual analytics and does not permit any post-processing interaction or exploration. For this reason, we developed SmartR, a plugin for tranSMART, that equips the platform not only with several dynamic visual analytical workflows, but also provides its own framework for the addition of new custom workflows. Modern web technologies such as D3.js or AngularJS were used to build a set of standard visualizations that were heavily improved with dynamic elements.

Availability and Implementation
The source code is licensed under the Apache 2.0 License and is freely available on GitHub: https://github.com/transmart/SmartR.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Cryptic Sebastes norvegicus species in Greenland waters revealed by microsatellites
Authors: Saha Atal , Hauser Lorenz , Hedeholm Rasmus , Planque Benjamin , Fevolden Svein-Erik , Boje Jesper , Johansen Torild 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIdentification of cryptic species can have profound implications in fishery management, conservation and biodiversity contexts. In the North Atlantic, the genus Sebastes is currently represented by four species, although additional cryptic species have been assumed. The connectivity of the gene-pools within the genus in Greenland waters, in particular, remains largely unexplored. Using a panel of 13 microsatellite markers for 720 fish, we explored the species complex of Sebastes norvegicus in Greenland waters. Genetic analyses provided evidence for three cryptic species in samples that were morphologically identified as S. norvegicus. They were termed S. norvegicus-A, S. norvegicus-B, and S. norvegicus-giants. A few phenotypic features exist to identify adult S. norvegicus giants, but no characteristics have been identified for the two other cryptic species. The proposed cryptic species should be recognized in the management regime to ensure sustainable exploitation and conservation of Sebastes species in Greenland waters.
Brain Gray Matter MRI Morphometry for Neuroprognostication After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Silva Stein , Peran Patrice , Kerhuel Lionel , Malagurski Briguita , Chauveau Nicolas , Bataille Benoit , Lotterie Jean Albert , Celsis Pierre , Aubry Florent , Citerio Giuseppe , Jean Betty , Chabanne Russel , Perlbarg Vincent , Velly Lionel , Galanaud Damien , Vanhaudenhuyse Audrey , Fourcade Olivier , Laureys Steven , Puybasset Louis 
Published: March 2017

Objectives:
We hypothesize that the combined use of MRI cortical thickness measurement and subcortical gray matter volumetry could provide an early and accurate in vivo assessment of the structural impact of cardiac arrest and therefore could be used for long-term neuroprognostication in this setting.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
Five Intensive Critical Care Units affiliated to the University in Toulouse (France), Paris (France), Clermont-Ferrand (France), Liège (Belgium), and Monza (Italy).

Patients:
High-resolution anatomical T1-weighted images were acquired in 126 anoxic coma patients (“learning” sample) 16 ± 8 days after cardiac arrest and 70 matched controls. An additional sample of 18 anoxic coma patients, recruited in Toulouse, was used to test predictive model generalization (“test” sample). All patients were followed up 1 year after cardiac arrest.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Cortical thickness was computed on the whole cortical ribbon, and deep gray matter volumetry was performed after automatic segmentation. Brain morphometric data were employed to create multivariate predictive models using learning machine techniques. Patients displayed significantly extensive cortical and subcortical brain volumes atrophy compared with controls. The accuracy of a predictive classifier, encompassing cortical and subcortical components, has a significant discriminative power (learning area under the curve = 0.87; test area under the curve = 0.96). The anatomical regions which volume changes were significantly related to patient’s outcome were frontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, thalamus, putamen, pallidum, caudate, hippocampus, and brain stem.

Conclusions:
These findings are consistent with the hypothesis of pathologic disruption of a striatopallidal-thalamo-cortical mesocircuit induced by cardiac arrest and pave the way for the use of combined brain quantitative morphometry in this setting.
Pulsed Dye Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Warts: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Veitch David , Kravvas Georgios , Al-Niaimi Firas 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND
Warts or verrucae vulgaris are common cutaneous infections with currently no definitive curative treatments available.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the efficacy of pulsed dye laser (PDL) in the treatment of warts.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A literature search was performed using the PubMed and MEDLINE databases. A search using {(Wart[s], verruca or condylomata)} AND [(Pulsed dye laser)] was used. Forty-four articles were identified as relevant to this review.

RESULTS
Simple warts were very responsive to PDL, being treated successfully in over 95% of patients. Facial and anogenital warts also demonstrated excellent outcomes. Recalcitrant warts, displayed significant variability in their response, ranging between 50% and 100% across all articles. The response rates seen in peripheral warts (involving the hands and feet) were also very variable, ranging between 48% and 95%. Recurrence rates at 4 months of follow-up were documented as 0% to 15%. Complications have been described as very few and rare, the main ones being topical discomfort and erythema.

CONCLUSION
Pulsed dye laser is a safe and effective modality in the treatment of warts that can be applied to most body parts. Cost and availability remain a limitation to the use of PDL; however, this modality can be used when other more traditional and accessible treatments have failed.
DEXAMETHASONE INTRAVITREAL IMPLANT VS RANIBIZUMAB IN THE TREATMENT OF MACULAR EDEMA SECONDARY TO BRACHYTHERAPY FOR CHOROIDAL MELANOMA
Authors: Russo Andrea , Reibaldi Michele , Avitabile Teresio , Uva Maurizio G. , Franco Livio Marco , Gagliano Caterina , Bonfiglio Vincenza , Spatola Corrado , Privitera Giuseppe , Longo Antonio 
Published: March 2017

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy of an intravitreal dexamethasone (Dex) implant 0.7 mg compared with intravitreal ranibizumab (Ra) for the treatment of radiation maculopathy with macular edema secondary to plaque brachytherapy in choroidal melanoma.

Methods:
Eight patients were treated with intravitreal Ra, and eight patients received the Dex intravitreal implant. Visual acuity and foveal thickness were evaluated using spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Results:
The mean calculated irradiation to the fovea and mean times from brachytherapy to maculopathy development did not differ significantly between groups. In the Ra group, a mean 7.8 ± 3.9 injections were given and the mean follow-up was 33 ± 15 months (range, 7–52 months). In the Dex group, a mean 2.1 ± 0.8 injections were given and the mean follow-up was 22 ± 7 months (range, 11–31 months). The mean visual acuity improved significantly from the baseline to the last follow-up visit in both groups. Foveal thickness decreased significantly in both groups from 459 ± 81 μm to 243 ± 58 μm and from 437 ± 71 μm to 254 ± 44 μm from the baseline to the last follow-up visit in the Ra and Dex groups, respectively. No patients developed significant cataract or ocular hypertension in both groups.

Conclusion:
Both Ra and Dex are effective treatments for macular edema secondary to plaque brachytherapy for uveal melanoma. Dex-treated patients required fewer injections to achieve anatomical and functional improvement.
Mediators of Inflammation in Asthma
Authors: Schirripa Maria Laura , Scarpelli Maria Pia , Palmiere Cristian 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In the clinical setting, the role of systemic inflammation in patients with asthma has attracted increased attention, and some authors showed that increased IL-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein characterized a group of asthmatic patients. In the realm of forensic pathology, a postmortem diagnosis of asthmatic death can be extremely challenging. The aim of this study was to determine the postmortem serum levels of C-reactive protein, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α in a series of severe acute bronchial asthma deaths that underwent medicolegal investigations. A total of 35 autopsy cases were retrospectively selected and included deaths in asthmatic subjects (related and unrelated to severe acute bronchial asthma, in situations characterized or not by systemic inflammation) as well as deaths in nonasthmatic individuals (in situations characterized or not by systemic inflammation). Our findings suggest that IL-6 is selectively increased in the systemic circulation of individuals with asthma, irrespective of whether the cause of death depends on a fatal asthma attack, compared with other biomarkers. Accordingly, postmortem serum IL-6 values in cases of death during severe acute bronchial asthma can be measured and considered of diagnostic relevance to estimate the magnitude of the systemic inflammation responses characterizing the disease.
Subtentorial Meningioma Misdiagnosed as Cerebral Hemorrhage in Postmortem Computed Tomography Imaging
Authors: Qian Hui , Shao Yu , Li Zhengdong , Zou Donghua , Zhang Jianhua , Wang Maowen , Wan Lei , Chen Yijiu 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This report presents a case of a 52-year-old man who had a traffic accident and died later. External examination could not determine the cause of death. Approximately 3 weeks later, an autopsy was performed. Postmortem computed tomography was performed before the autopsy. Postmortem imaging was interpreted to show hemorrhage beneath the tentorium, and the C5 to C6 (the fifth and sixth cervical vertebra) disc space was widened. During the autopsy, a cervical spinal cord injury was confirmed. However, a meningioma was found under the tentorium instead of a hemorrhage. There are a number of reasons that include postmortem changes that affected the virtopsy diagnosis, which still needs development.
Nebulized Fluticasone for Preventing Postextubation Stridor in Intubated Children: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial*
Authors: Prasertsan Pharsai , Nakju Duangjai , Lertbunrian Rojjanee , Chantra Marut , Anantasit Nattachai 
Published: March 2017

Objectives:
To evaluate the efficacy of nebulized fluticasone propionate in the prevention of postextubation stridor in children.

Design:
Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.

Setting:
PICU in a tertiary referral center.

Patients:
Children 1 month to 15 years old who underwent mechanical ventilation.

Interventions:
Patients were randomly assigned into two groups after stratification based on age group receiving nebulized fluticasone 1,000 µg or normal saline solution, immediately after extubation. Vital signs and modified Westley score were evaluated for 6 hours after extubation. The primary outcome was the prevalence of postextubation stridor.

Measurements and Main Results:
One hundred forty-seven intubated children were enrolled into this study. Baseline characteristics between two groups were not different. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postextubation stridor (12/74 [16%] vs 13/73 [18%]; p = 0.797). However, when analyzing the subgroup of emergently intubated children, the fluticasone group had a longer delay median time for the initiation of noninvasive ventilation than the control group (380 [90–585] vs 60 [42–116] min; p = 0.044). The modified Westley scores at 30 and 60 minutes in the control group were significantly higher than the fluticasone group (4 vs 2, p = 0.04; 4.5 vs 0.5, p = 0.02, respectively).

Conclusions:
The single dose of 1,000-µg nebulized fluticasone did not decrease the prevalence of postextubation stridor. However, it might be beneficial in emergently intubated children.
Can malaria parasites manipulate the odour-mediated host preference of their mosquito vectors?
Authors: Nguyen Phuong L. , Vantaux Amélie , Hien Domonbabele FdS , Dabiré Kounbobr R. , Yameogo Bienvenue K. , Gouagna Louis-Clément , Fontenille Didier , Renaud François , Simard Frédéric , Costantini Carlo , Thomas Fréderic , Cohuet Anna , Lefèvre Thierry 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMalaria parasites can manipulate mosquito feeding behaviours such as motivation and avidity to feed on vertebrate hosts in ways that increase parasite transmission. However, in natural conditions, not all vertebrate blood-sources are suitable hosts for the parasite. Whether malaria parasites can manipulate mosquito host choice in ways that enhance parasite transmission toward suitable hosts and/or reduce mosquito attraction to unsuitable hosts (i.e. specific manipulation) is unknown. To address this question, we experimentally infected three species of mosquito vectors (Anopheles coluzzii, Anopheles gambiae, and Anopheles arabiensis) with wild isolates of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, and examined the effects of immature (oocyst) and mature (sporozoite) infections on mosquito behavioural responses (activation rate and odour choice) to combinations of calf odour, human odour and outdoor air using a dual-port olfactometer. Regardless of parasite developmental stage and mosquito species, P. falciparum infection did not alter mosquito activation rate or their choice for human odours. The overall expression pattern of host choice of all three mosquito species was consistent with a high degree of anthropophily, with both infected and uninfected individuals showing higher attraction toward human odour over calf odour, human odour over outdoor air, and outdoor air over calf odour. Our results suggests that, in this system, the parasite may not be able to manipulate the early long-range behavioural steps involved in the mosquito host-feeding process, including initiation of host-seeking and host orientation. Future studies examining mosquito host-feeding behaviours at a shorter range (i.e. the “at-host” foraging activities) are required to test whether malaria parasites can modify their mosquito host choice to enhance transmission toward suitable hosts and/or reduce biting on unsuitable hosts.
A randomized comparison of different hormone replacement protocols for thawed blastocyst transfer
Authors: Taguchi Sagiri , Funabiki Miyako , Tada Yoshihiro , Karita Masako , Hayashi Terumi , Nakamura Yoshitaka 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThere are no randomized controlled trials evaluating the pregnancy rates after thawed blastocyst transfers in patients treated with various hormone replacement regimens.MethodsA prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the outcomes in three different hormone replacement protocols for thawed blastocyst transfer. A total of 330 women (median age 38.2 years) who were undergoing IVF at our clinic were enrolled.ResultsSerum estradiol (E2) levels were 267.71 pg/ml in Premarin group, 391.22 pg/ml in Estrogel group and 495.12 pg/ml in Estrana tape group. Therefore, serum E2 levels in Estrana tape group were higher than those of the other two groups (P<0.01). The pregnancy rate in the Estrogel group was higher than that in the Premarin group (30.0% versus 17.3%, P=0.026, odds ratio 2.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.09–3.87). Furthermore, the pregnancy rate in the Estrana tape group was higher than that in the Estrogel group (43.6% versus 30.0%, P=0.036, odds ratio 1.81, 95% confidence interval: 1.04–3.14).ConclusionThe serum E2 levels contributed to differences observed in the pregnancy rate among the three different protocols. Thus, Estrana tape has an advantage as a hormone replacement protocol for thawed blastocyst transfer.