bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post Activation Potentiation and Concentric Contraction Performance: Effects on Rate of Torque Development, Neuromuscular Efficiency, and Tensile Properties
Authors: Gago Paulo , Zoellner Anja , Cézar Lima da Silva Julio , Ekblom Maria M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Gago, P, Zoellner, A, Cezar, J, and Ekblom, MM. Post activation potentiation and concentric contraction performance: effects on rate of torque development, neuromuscular efficiency and tensile properties. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1600–1608, 2020—This study investigated how a 6-second maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) conditioning affected plantar flexor twitch rate of torque development (RTDTW), as well as peak torque (PTCC) and rate of torque development (RTDCC) of maximal voluntary concentric contractions (MVCC) performed at 60°·s−1. RTDCC and normalized triceps surae electromyography signals (EMGTS) were measured during different phases of contraction. In addition, muscle tendon unit passive stiffness index (SI) calculated from the torque-angle relation was measured after each MVCC. Enhancements were found in the RTDTW immediately (by 59.7%) and up to 480 seconds (by 6.0%) after MVIC (p < 0.05). RTDCC during the 100–200 ms, 50–200 ms, and 0–200 ms phases and PTCC were enhanced (by 5.7–9.5%) from 90 to 300 seconds after conditioning (p < 0.05). Neuromuscular efficiency increased (decreased EMGTS/RTDCC) in the 50–200 ms and 0–200 ms phases by 8.8–12.4%, from 90 to 480 seconds after MVIC (p < 0.05). No significant changes were found in the SI or in RTDCC during the 50–100 ms phase, suggesting that the enhancements reported reflect mainly contractile rather than neural or tensile mechanisms. PAP effects on PTCC and RTDCC were significant and more durable at a lower velocity than previously reported. Enhancement in RTDCC and neuromuscular efficiency were found to be more prominent in later phases (>100 ms) of the MVCC. This suggests that enhanced contractile properties, attained through MVIC, benefit concentric contraction performance.
Leptin and Leptin Receptor Genes Are Associated With Obesity-Related Traits Changes in Response to Aerobic Training Program
Authors: Leońska-Duniec Agata , Jastrzębski Zbigniew , Jażdżewska Aleksandra , Krzysztof Ficek , Cięszczyk Paweł 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Leońska-Duniec, A, Jastrzębski, Z, Jażdżewska, A, Krzysztof, F, and Cięszczyk, P. Leptin and leptin receptor genes are associated with obesity-related traits changes in response to aerobic training program. J Strength Cond Res 32(4): 1036–1044, 2018—Leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) genes have been studied for their potential association with development of human obesity and its related complications. Therefore, we have decided to check whether selected body mass, body composition, and metabolic variables observed in physically active participants will be modulated by the polymorphisms. The genotype distribution was examined in a group of 201 women measured for chosen traits before and after the completion of a 12-week aerobic training program. Our results revealed a significant interaction between training and LEP genotype for glucose level. A training-related decrease in plasma glucose concentration in the LEP AG heterozygotes differed significantly from the change in the homozygotes. The polymorphism was also associated with fat-free mass (FFM), total body water (TBW), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Another finding was a significant interaction between training and LEPR for LDL-C level. As opposed to AG and GG, AA homozygotes demonstrated a training-related decrease in LDL-C level. Our findings also showed that the LEPR G allele is connected with obesity-related traits. The participants with the GG genotype had higher body mass, body mass index (BMI), FFM, and TBW during the entire study period. This study provides evidence that polymorphisms in the LEP and LEPR genes are associated with the magnitude of the effects of regular physical activity on glucose and LDL-C levels, respectively. In addition, we found the association of the G allele of the LEPR polymorphism with body mass and BMI.
Influence of Femoral Acetabular Impingement on Squat Performance
Authors: Kolber Morey J. , Feldstein Amanda P. , Masaracchio Michael , Liu Xinliang , Hanney William J. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
THE SQUAT IS A FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT FOR WEIGHTLIFTING AND SPORT PERFORMANCE AND MAY BE USED FOR ASSESSING INJURY RISK AND FUNCTIONAL INDEPENDENCE. THE PURPOSE OF THIS COLUMN IS TO PRESENT AN EVIDENCE-BASED DISCUSSION OF THE INFLUENCE THAT FEMORAL ACETABULAR IMPINGEMENT MAY HAVE ON SQUAT PERFORMANCE.
Prepubertal Development of GABAergic Transmission to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Neurons and Postsynaptic Response Are Altered by Prenatal Androgenization
Authors: Berg Tova , Silveira Marina A. , Moenter Suzanne M. 
Published: January 2018

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons regulate reproduction through pulsatile GnRH release. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have persistently elevated luteinizing hormone release frequency, reflecting GnRH release; this exacerbates hyperandrogenemia and disrupted reproductive cycles that are characteristic of this disorder. Clinical evidence suggests that neuroendocrine features of PCOS may manifest peripubertally. Adult mice prenatally exposed to androgens (PNA) mimic several reproductive features of PCOS. GnRH neurons from these mice have increased firing activity and receive increased GABAergic transmission, which is excitatory. When changes emerge during development is unknown. To study the typical postnatal development of GABAergic transmission and the effects of PNA treatment and sex, whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings were made of GABAergic postsynaptic currents (PSCs) in GnRH neurons in brain slices from prepubertal through adult control and PNA female and male mice. GABAergic transmission was present by 1 week of age in females and males and increased in frequency, reaching adult levels at 3 and 4 weeks, respectively. GABAergic PSC frequency was elevated in 3-week-old PNA versus control females. PSC frequency in both controls and PNA mice was activity independent, suggesting that PNA induces changes in synapse organization. PNA also alters the functional response of GnRH neurons to GABA. GABA induced firing in fewer neurons from 3-week-old PNA than control females; membrane potential depolarization induced by GABA was also reduced in cells from PNA mice at this age. PNA thus induces changes during development in the presynaptic organization of the GABAergic network afferent to GnRH neurons as well as the postsynaptic GnRH neuron response, both of which may contribute to adult reproductive dysfunction.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe central neuronal network that regulates reproduction is overactive in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a leading cause of infertility. Recent evidence of neuroendocrine dysfunction in midpubertal girls suggests that the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PCOS may arise before pubertal maturation. Prenatal exposure to androgens (PNA) in mice mimics several neuroendocrine features of PCOS. GABAergic transmission to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons is important for reproduction and is increased in adult PNA mice. The typical development of this network and when changes with PNA and sex arise relative to puberty are unknown. These studies provide evidence that PNA alters prepubertal development of the GABAergic network afferent to GnRH neurons, including both the presynaptic organization and postsynaptic response. These changes may contribute to reproductive dysfunction in adults.
The Role of Stakeholder in Fostering Traditional Art Awareness (A Case Study of Sundanese Local Song ‘Cianjuran’ Artist Training in Sumedang Regency West Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Julia Julia 
Published: January 2018

<p>This paper examines the process of seeding or training of Sundanese Song Cianjuran by artists in Sumedang regency that is conducted by a stakeholder of Sundanese traditional arts. The study was conducted using descriptive analytic methods, and data collection was done through observation and interviews. Results from the study explained that stakeholder participation was vital and influential towards the existence of Sundanese Song Cianjuran, especially in growing cultural awareness and in generating candidates for local traditional artists.</p><p><strong>How to Cite:</strong> Julia. (2016). The Role of Stakeholder in Fostering Traditional Art Awareness (A Case Study of Sundanese Local Song ‘Cianjuran’ Artist Training in Sumedang Regency West Java, Indonesia). <em>Harmonia: Journal of Arts Research And Education</em>, 16(1), 87-94. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/harmonia.v16i1.6005</p><p> </p>
Cervical spondylosis: analysis of clinical and radiological correlation
Authors: K. RoseBist P. , Peethambaran Anil Kumar , Peethambar Gowri Anil 
Published: January 2018

Background: Cervical spondylosis is a chronic degenerative lesion of the cervical intervertebral discs causing axial neck pain, cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy. This study was undertaken to study the clinical and radiological correlation in cervical spondylosis with respect to clinical and radiological findings.Methods: A prospective observational study was done on 100 patients with cervical spondylosis treated in a tertiary care centre of South Kerala. The sociodemographic details, clinical and radiological findings were recorded. Nurick’s grading and Modified Japanese orthopaedic association cervical spine myelopathy scoring was done. Data collected was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and results expressed in proportions.Results: Maximum prevalence was seen in 40-49 years group with male predominance. Majority of the patients had neck pain, sensory numbness and motor weakness. Spurling’s sign and Lhermitt’s sign was positive in 60% and 47% patients respectively. Complete paralysis was seen on both sides in 12% patients at wrist joint and 9% each in elbow and knee joints. Grade II cervical spondylosis was seen in 43%. Modified Japanese orthopaedic association score was less than 18 in all patients. Canal size was reduced in many. The clinical and radiological findings were consistent.Conclusions: Cervical spondylosis is seen in those above 30 years of age with male predominance. Clinical and radiological findings are consistent with each other. Further studies are advised for better correlation.
Prevalence and risk factors of hemorrhoids: a study in a semi-urban centre
Authors: Ravindranath G. G. , Rahul B. G. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Hemorrhoids, also called piles are masses or clumps of tissues which consist of muscle and elastic fibers with enlarged, bulging blood vessels and surrounding supporting tissues present in the anal canal of an individual. This condition is a common ailment among the adults. The actual burden of the disease remains unknown. Hence author had undertaken this study to assess the incidence and the risk factors of this disease among the patients in the area.Methods: 63 patients between the ages 20 and 80 who had come to the outpatient ward with hemorrhoids were included into the study. The demographic details from all the patients were noted. Their dietary habits, bowel habits, amount of physical activity, smoking and alcohol use as well as over the counter medication use were noted in detail.Results: Out of the 63 patients under study, 66.67% were males and 33.33% were females, with the most common age group affected was below 40 years of age. Less than 40% of the patients were vegetarians, with more than half of the patients having a mixed diet. More number of women history of hemorrhoids in their family (47.6%), while the history in the males was only 26.2%. Straining and constipation was seen in majority of the patients while many of them also had chronic cough. Bleeding and mass through the rectum was seen in majority of the patients (96.8% and 93.7% respectively) while 76.2% of them had pain during defecation. Few of the patients (33.3%) soiled their clothes.Conclusions: Hemerrhoids are one of the common diseases observed in patients below 40 years of age, especially if they are under stress. Proper diet, which is inclusive of adequate quantities of fibre as well as with less spice is essential to prevent this disease.
A study the burden of carcinoma gall bladder in Hamidia hospital of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Tekam Vijay Kumar 
Published: January 2018

Background: Gallbladder carcinoma is not an uncommon clinical entity in the Indian scenario, unlike western countries. It is predominantly a disease of females. Therefore, a female especially in forties and fifties with a history of recent onset of constant pain in the right hypochondrium or change in the character of pain should be thoroughly evaluated. Though the association between gallstones and Gallbladder carcinoma is strong. Therefore, every gallbladder should be subjected to routine histopathological examination because with identification of an early gallbladder carcinoma a curative resection may be possible, and these patients have a good survival rate.Methods: This study is comprising of all patient consecutively admitted for Gall bladder pathology, at Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal, MP during June 2012 to May 2014 on the basis of clinical assessment, USG, FNAC, CT-scan, tumor marker, blood investigation etc.Results: Present study showed that gallbladder cancer is predominantly a disease of elderly females. Commonly, symptoms are related to associated gallstones. In present study, abdominal pain (91.66%) followed by abdominal mass (79.19%) and anorexia (60.16%). In present study, preoperative imaging of the abdomen (both US and CT) showed the presence of gallstones in 38 (79.16%) cases and a mass in the gallbladder was evident in 44 patients (91.66%).Conclusions: Though the association between gallstones and Gallbladder carcinoma is strong, the causal relationship between them is not clear. In spite of the advances made in the field of gallbladder imaging, the detection of carcinoma of the gallbladder in early stages remains low.
Mass closure versus layered closure of midline laparotomy incisions: a prospective comparative study
Authors: Deshmukh Santoshkumar N. , Maske Audumbar N. 
Published: January 2018

Background: The ideal method of abdominal wound closure remains to be discovered. It should be technically so simple that the results are as good in the hands of a trainee as in those of the master surgeon. The best abdominal closure technique should be fast, easy, and cost effective while preventing both early and late complications. Present study is undertaken to compare the two methods (Mass closure and Layered closure) of laparotomy wound closure in relation to post-operative complications, time for wound closure and cost effectiveness in both groups and also to decide the most effective method among the two.Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted in department of surgery at a tertiary care teaching hospital at Solapur (Maharashtra) from January 2006 to January 2009. On admission, patients suspected of having intraabdominal pathology, a thorough clinical e and general assessment was done. Necessary radiological and biochemical investigations were done to support the diagnosis. After confirmation of diagnosis patients were subjected for exploratory laparotomy. The laparotomy wound was closed with either by Mass closure or Layered closure technique. Patients were followed up for 6 months in post-operative period for detection late complications.Results: Total 60 patients of were studied. Majority of patients were in 61 to 65 age group. Male outnumbered the females. Incidence of early complications like seroma, wound infection is more in layered closure group as compared to mass closure. Mean wound closure time is more in layered closure group. Mass closure technique is more cost effective than layered closure group.Conclusions: Mass closure technique is less time consuming, more cost effective and safe for closure of midline laparotomy incisions.
Endoscopic thyroidectomy-axilla breast approach: the experience of 26 cases
Authors: Bodade Ritesh M. , Dhoran Amol P. , Dhurve Asmita S. , Mangam Nilesh P. , Gajbhiye Raj N. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Conventional thyroidectomy results in transverse scar formation on neck. These scars are uncomfortable and cosmetically unacceptable. Endoscopic thyroidectomy is widely accepted technique in specialized centers. The potential advantages of endoscopic technique include better cosmetic result, decreased hospital stay and better patient comfort. Author started performing endoscopic thyroidectomy at the centre to demonstrate the feasibility of operating thyroid gland endoscopically by axilla breast approach.Methods: Author performed 26 cases of endoscopic thyroidectomy by axilla breast approach from June 2014 to July 2017 in patients presenting with indication for surgical thyroid excision. Author did hemithyroidectomy in 19 patients, total thyroidectomy in 3 patients and near total thyroidectomy in 4 patients. All patients underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy by axilla breast approach by creating subplatysmal space with carbon dioxide insufflation at the pressure of 8 to 10mmHg. Results were compared with the recent studies with comparable number of patients.Results: Author did hemithyroidectomy in 19 patients, total thyroidectomy in 3 patients and near total thyroidectomy in 4 patients. Mean Operative time was 88.19 min. But last 6 cases were completed in 49.60±4.20 min. Thus, as experience increased we tend to complete procedure in progressively lesser time period. Mean blood loss in the series was 21.88ml. Mean Hospital stay was 2.88 days (range 2-5 days). Scar satisfaction on visual analogue scale after 3 months of operation was 9.11. Histopathological examination revealed adenomatous goitre in 24 cases and follicular adenoma in 2 cases.Conclusions: Endoscopic thyroidectomy via axilla breast approach is safe, feasible and minimally invasive surgical method for thyroid diseases, with good post-operative results. Surgeons having adequate training in endoscopic surgery can perform endoscopic thyroidectomy with short learning curve.
Port site complications following laparoscopic surgeries: a prospective study
Authors: Mudgal Madan Mohan , Kothiya Pradeep Kumar , Kushwah Naveen , Singh Raghvendra 
Published: January 2018

Background: Port site complications are bothersome complications which undermine the benefits of minimal invasive surgery, not only does it add to the morbidity of the patient but also spoil the reputation of the surgeon. Aims and objective of the study was to determine the morbidity associated with the port site complications in laparoscopic surgery and to identify risk factors for complications.Methods: Three hundred patients having age between 15-50 years admitted for elective laparoscopic procedure were studied. All the patients had preoperative workup and general anaesthesia was given with endotracheal intubation. The patients were observed for any port-site complication during operation and in the immediate and postoperative till three months.Results: Female preponderance (77.34%) was observed with maximum patients belonging to age group of 41-50 years (31.7%). Majority of the patients were in the BMI range of 18.5-25kg/m2 (53.33%). In 54.66% and45.33% patients Verres needle and Hasson’s (Open) method was used to create pneumoperitoneum. Cholecystectomy was the indication in 80% patients. Port site morbidity was observed in 8.67% patients. As an early port site complication, bleeding, surgical site infection, emphysema and visceral injury was observed in 6, 8, 4 and 1 patient respectively. As a late port site complication, 4 and 3 patients developed hernia and hypertrophic scar respectively.Conclusions: Port site complications are least in elective laparoscopic surgery.
Hydatid disease: a 2 years retrospective study in a tertiary care center in South India
Authors: Illuri Haren Reddy , Souza Caren D. , Dias Erel A. I. , Das Prashanth Philip 
Published: January 2018

Background: Hydatid disease (HD) is a common parasitic zoonosis and its mortality, morbidity, and socioeconomic burden makes it a significant public health problem. Though a primary disease of liver (55-70%) followed by the lung (18-35%) it is now found to affect various other organs like spleen, kidney, peritoneal cavity, skin and muscles (2%) heart, brain, vertebral column, ovaries, pancreas, gallbladder, thyroid gland, breast, and bones (1%). This study is done to describe the spectrum of presentation of hydatid disease in India. Author also discuss the rare cases of soft tissue and bone hydatid disease and peritoneal hydatid disease in this study.Methods: It was a retrospective observational study done in a tertiary care center in India. Data was collected from patients admitted with diagnosis of hydatid disease from the patient data files and included patient profile, area of residence, occupation, history of exposure to farm animals or dogs, investigation findings and management given. Special emphasis was given to cases of extrahepatic hydatid disease and their management. The collected data was tabulated.Results: Author found 17 cases of documented hydatid disease in the two years period. This included 11 case of hepatic hydatid disease and 6 cases of extrahepatic disease with unusual locations of bone and soft tissue, lung and parietal peritoneum. The majority of patients were in the age group of 30-50 yrs with history of exposure to sheep and farm animals. All patients received 4-6 weeks of 15mg/kg/day albendazole preoperatively. Five patients showed regression in size of the cyst and were hence continued on medical management.Conclusions: The remaining patients underwent surgical drainage procedure. Albendazole was continued post operatively for next 6 months.
Posterior rectus sheath variations: surgical significance and clinical implications for laparoscopic hernia surgeons
Authors: Ansari Maulana M. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Laparoscopic hernia surgeon needs accurate knowledge of not only of target inguinal region but also of adjacent access areas, but he/she is severely constrained by absence of research work on laparoscopic live surgical anatomy in literature.Methods: Prospective study in patients who underwent laparoscopic total extra-peritoneal preperitoneal (TEPP) inguinal hernioplasty through 3-midline-port technique at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Hospital, Aligarh between 2010 and 2015.Results: Sixty-eight TEPP repairs were performed in 60 adult patients. Overall incidence of conversion to Open/TAPP hernioplasty was 4% of all cases, but conversion secondary to the anatomic variation of short PRS was seen in only 1.4% of all cases. The endvision and ease of procedure (EOP) were 8.20±1.33 and 7.27±2.05 visual analog score respectively, and both of them were adversely affected in presence of variant PRS anatomy. Average operation time (OT) for unilateral TEPP hernioplasty was 1.9 hours and it was adversely affected in presence of variant PRS anatomy. Overall incidence of surgical emphysema was 16%, and its development was significantly more in presence of variant PRS anatomy. Overall incidence of peritoneal injury, postoperative seroma, infection and chronic pain was 28%, 10%, 6.7% and 1.5% respectively, but they were not affected by variant PRS anatomy.Conclusions: Posterior Rectus Sheath Variations had significant impact on the intra-operative working but did not affect post-operative clinical outcome. Keen observation, timely recognition of anatomic variations and judicious dissection are essential keys for smooth conduct of the well-organized TEPP hernioplasty with ease, safety, rapidity and better results.