bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Focal adhesion kinase regulates tendon cell mechanoresponse and physiological tendon development
Authors: Leahy Thomas P. , Chenna Srish S. , Soslowsky Louis J. , Dyment Nathaniel A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTendons enable locomotion by transmitting high tensile mechanical forces between muscle and bone via their dense extracellular matrix (ECM). The application of extrinsic mechanical stimuli via muscle contraction is necessary to regulate healthy tendon function. Specifically, applied physiological levels of mechanical loading elicit an anabolic tendon cell response, while decreased mechanical loading evokes a degradative tendon state. Although the tendon response to mechanical stimuli has implications in disease pathogenesis and clinical treatment strategies, the cell signaling mechanisms by which tendon cells sense and respond to mechanical stimuli within the native tendon ECM remain largely unknown. Therefore, we explored the role of cell–ECM adhesions in regulating tendon cell mechanotransduction by perturbing the genetic expression and signaling activity of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) through both in vitro and in vivo approaches. We determined that FAK regulates tendon cell spreading behavior and focal adhesion morphology, nuclear deformation in response to applied mechanical strain, and mechanosensitive gene expression. In addition, our data reveal that FAK signaling plays an essential role in in vivo tendon development and postnatal growth, as FAK‐knockout mouse tendons demonstrated reduced tendon size, altered mechanical properties, differences in cellular composition, and reduced maturity of the deposited ECM. These data provide a foundational understanding of the role of FAK signaling as a critical regulator of in situ tendon cell mechanotransduction. Importantly, an increased understanding of tendon cell mechanotransductive mechanisms may inform clinical practice as well as lead to the discovery of diagnostic and/or therapeutic molecular targets.
Evidence for platelet‐derived transforming growth factor β1 as an early inducer of liver regeneration after hepatectomy in mice
Authors: Frick Johanna , Frobert Aurelien , Quintela Pousa Ana Maria , Balaphas Alexandre , Meyer Jeremy , Schäfer Katrin , Giraud Marie‐Noelle , Egger Bernhard , Bühler Leo , Gonelle‐Gispert Carmen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPlatelets play a crucial role in tissue regeneration, and their involvement in liver regeneration is well‐established. However, the specific contribution of platelet‐derived Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGFβ1) to liver regeneration remains unexplored. This study investigated the role of platelet‐derived TGFβ1 in initiating liver regeneration following 2/3 liver resection. Using platelet‐specific TGFβ1 knockout (Plt.TGFβ1 KO) mice and wild‐type littermates (Plt.TGFβ1 WT) as controls, the study assessed circulating levels and hepatic gene expression of TGFβ1, Platelet Factor 4 (PF4), and Thrombopoietin (TPO) at early time points post‐hepatectomy (post‐PHx). Hepatocyte proliferation was quantified through Ki67 staining and PCNA expression in total liver lysates at various intervals, and phosphohistone‐H3 (PHH3) staining was employed to mark mitotic cells. Circulating levels of hepatic mitogens, Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), and Interleukin‐6 (IL6) were also assessed. Results revealed that platelet‐TGFβ1 deficiency significantly reduced total plasma TGFβ1 levels at 5 h post‐PHx in Plt.TGFβ1 KO mice compared to controls. While circulating PF4 levels, liver platelet recruitment and activation appeared normal at early time points, Plt.TGFβ1 KO mice showed more stable circulating platelet numbers with higher numbers at 48 h post‐PHx. Notably, hepatocyte proliferation was significantly reduced in Plt.TGFβ1 KO mice. The results show that a lack of TGFβ1 in platelets leads to an unbalanced expression of IL6 in the liver and to strongly increased HGF levels 48 h after liver resection, and yet liver regeneration remains reduced. The study identifies platelet‐TGFβ1 as a regulator of hepatocyte proliferation and platelet homeostasis in the early stages of liver regeneration.
TIPE2 inhibits the migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer cells by targeting Smad2 to reverse TGF‐β1‐induced EMT
Authors: Tang Zhongyun , Zhang Derui , Yao Chenchen , Jiang Mengmeng , Wang Chongli , Chen Zhen , Yu Huayun , Xue Chenyue , Liu Yuqiu , Shi Yongyu , Zhang Lining , Wang Xiaoyan , Wei Zengtao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEpithelial ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic malignancy, characterized by high metastasis. Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) drives epithelial‐ mesenchymal transformation (EMT), a key process in tumor metastasis. Tumor necrosis factor‐α‐induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8)‐like 2 (TIPE2) acts as a negative regulator of innate and adaptive immunity and involves in various cancers. However, its relationship with TGF‐β1 in ovarian cancer and its role in reversing TGF‐β1‐induced EMT remain unclear. This study examined TIPE2 mRNA and protein expression using quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry. The effects of TIPE2 overexpression and knockdown on the proliferation, migration and invasion of epithelial ovarian cancer cells were assessed through 5‐ethynyl‐2‐deoxyuridine, colony‐forming, transwell migration and invasion assays. The relationship between TIPE2 and TGF‐β1 was investigated using qRT‐PCR and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, while the interaction between TIPE2 and Smad2 was identified via co‐immunoprecipitation. The results revealed that TIPE2 protein was significantly down‐regulated in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues and correlated with the pathological type of tumor, patients' age, tumor differentiation degree and FIGO stage. TIPE2 and TGF‐β1 appeared to play an opposite role to each other during the progression of human ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, TIPE2 inhibited the metastasis and EMT of ovarian cancer cells by combining with Smad2 in vitro or in an intraperitoneal metastasis model. Consequently, these findings suggest that TIPE2 plays a crucial inhibitory role in ovarian cancer metastasis by modulating the TGF‐β1/Smad2/EMT signaling pathway and may serve as a potential target for ovarian cancer, providing important direction for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Music Perception and Music-Related Quality of Life in Adult Cochlear Implant Users: Exploring the Need for Music Rehabilitation
Authors: Akbulut Ahmet Alperen , Karaman Demirel Ayşenur , Çiprut Ayça 
Published: September 2024

Objectives:
Cochlear implant (CI) users face difficulties in accurately perceiving basic musical elements such as pitch, melody, and timbre. Music significantly affects the quality of life (QoL) of CI users. Individually and culturally influenced music perception exceeds psychophysical measures in capturing the subjective music enjoyment of CI users. Understanding the music perception, enjoyment, and habits of CI users is crucial for approaches to improve music-related QoL (MuRQoL). Therefore, this study aims to investigate music perception skills, experiences, and participation in music activities in a large group of adult CI users, and to understand the importance of these factors and their impact on QoL of CI users.

Design:
This study included 214 CI recipients with diverse auditory experiences who were aged between 18 and 65 years and were unilateral, bimodal, or bilateral users for at least 1 year and 193 normal hearing (NH) controls. All participants completed the information forms and the MuRQoL questionnaire. To assess the impact of music on QoL and identify personalized rehabilitation needs, the scores for each question in both parts of the questionnaire were intersected on a matrix. Data were presented in detail for the CI group and compared between CI and NH groups.

Results:
A statistically significant difference was found between the matched CI and NH groups in favor of the NH group in terms of music perception and music engagement. Participants who received music education at any point in their lives had significantly higher MuRQoL questionnaire scores. There was no significant relationship found between the duration of auditory rehabilitation, pre-CI hearing aid usage, music listening modality, and MuRQoL questionnaire scores. Unilateral CI users had significantly lower scores in music perception and music engagement subsections compared with bimodal and bilateral CI users. Also, it was found that music had a strong negative impact on QoL in 67/214 of the CI users.

Conclusions:
Although CI users scored significantly lower than NH individuals on the first part of the questionnaire, which asked about musical skills, enjoyment, and participation in musical activities, findings suggest that CI users value music and music enjoyment just as much. The study reveals the influence of factors such as education level, age, music education, type of hearing loss and auditory rehabilitation on music perception, music enjoyment, and participation in music activities through self-report. The results indicate that for many CI users, music has a strong negative impact on QoL, highlighting the need for personalized music interventions, the inclusion of self-report questionnaires, and music perception tests in clinical evaluations.
T1 Pelvic and Lumbar Pelvic Angles Normative Values
Authors: Pelletier-Roy Rémi , Ludwig Taryn , Birk Manjot , Smith Victoria , Asmussen Michael , Nicholls Fred 
Published: September 2024

Study Design.
Cross-sectional analysis of a prospectively enrolled cohort.

Objective.
Determine the normative values of the T1 Pelvic Angle (TPA) and Lumbar Pelvic Angle (LPA) in an asymptomatic cohort of volunteers.

Summary of Background Data.
The TPA and LPA have been introduced as sagittal spino-pelvic parameters to guide correction of adult spinal deformity. Suggested values for these parameters were derived from linear regressions based on Oswestry Disability Index scores from adult spinal deformity patients. While a few studies have evaluated the normative value of TPA, none have evaluated the LPA in asymptomatic individuals.

Methods.
TPA and LPA were measured on radiographs of 472 asymptomatic volunteers between 20 and 40 years old. TPA and LPA were calculated as originally described from the centroid of T1 and L1 respectively, to the center of the femoral head to the midpoint of the sacral endplate. TPA and LPA were also evaluated using the midpoint of the superior endpoint as a surrogate to the centroid of the vertebra to compare these two measurement techniques.

Results.
TPA and LPA normative values were respectively 7.3 [6.8-7.8] and 6.3o [5.9-6.7]. There was no statistically significant difference between using the centroid of T1 or L1 versus using the midpoint of the superior endplate with respective results of 7.5o [7.0-8.0] (P=0.55) and 6.1o [5.6-6.5] (P=0.43). TPA was significantly different between Roussouly types 1-2-3 versus type 4 with respective results of of 6.7o, 7.2o, 6.5o and 9.2o (P<0.001). The same difference was observed for the LPA with normative results of 3.8o, 5.1o, 5.8o and 9.3o (P<0.001), respectively, for Roussouly types 1,2,3 and 4.

Conclusions.
TPA and LPA normative values are 7o and 6o, respectively, and vary between Roussouly morphotypes 1,2 and 3 versus type 4. Using the midpoint of the superior endplate of T1 and L1 versus the centroid yielded similar results and therefore could be easier to use intraoperatively.
The Discover In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (Discover IHCA) Study: An Investigation of Hospital Practices After In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Andrea Luke , Herman Nathaniel S. , Vine Jacob , Berg Katherine M. , Choudhury Saiara , Vaena Mariana , Nogle Jordan E. , Halablab Saleem M. , Kaviyarasu Aarthi , Elmer Jonathan , Wardi Gabriel , Pearce Alex K. , Crowley Conor , Long Micah T. , Herbert J. Taylor , Shipley Kipp , Bissell Turpin Brittany D. , Lanspa Michael J. , Green Adam , Ghamande Shekhar A. , Khan Akram , Dugar Siddharth , Joffe Aaron M. , Baram Michael , March Cooper , Johnson Nicholas J. , Reyes Alexander , Denchev Krassimir , Loewe Michael , Moskowitz Ari ,   on behalf of Society of Critical Care Medicine’s Discovery, the Critical Care Research Network DISCOVER In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (DISCOVER IHCA): Investigator Group
Published: September 2024

IMPORTANCE:
In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is a significant public health burden. Rates of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) have been improving, but the best way to care for patients after the initial resuscitation remains poorly understood, and improvements in survival to discharge are stagnant. Existing North American cardiac arrest databases lack comprehensive data on the post-resuscitation period, and we do not know current post-IHCA practice patterns. To address this gap, we developed the Discover In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (Discover IHCA) study, which will thoroughly evaluate current post-IHCA care practices across a diverse cohort.

OBJECTIVES:
Our study collects granular data on post-IHCA treatment practices, focusing on temperature control and prognostication, with the objective of describing variation in current post-IHCA practice.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
This is a multicenter, prospectively collected, observational cohort study of patients who have suffered IHCA and have been successfully resuscitated (achieved ROSC). There are 24 enrolling hospital systems (23 in the United States) with 69 individual enrolling hospitals (39 in the United States). We developed a standardized data dictionary, and data collection began in October 2023, with a projected 1000 total enrollments. Discover IHCA is endorsed by the Society of Critical Care Medicine.

INTERVENTIONS, OUTCOMES, AND ANALYSIS:
The study collects data on patient characteristics including pre-arrest frailty, arrest characteristics, and detailed information on post-arrest practices and outcomes. Data collection on post-IHCA practice was structured around current American Heart Association and European Resuscitation Council guidelines. Among other data elements, the study captures post-arrest temperature control interventions and post-arrest prognostication methods. Analysis will evaluate variations in practice and their association with mortality and neurologic function.

CONCLUSIONS:
We expect this study, Discover IHCA, to identify variability in practice and outcomes following IHCA, and be a vital resource for future investigations into best-practice for managing patients after IHCA.
Inability to Sit-to-Stand in Medical ICUs Survivors: When and Why We Should Care*
Authors: Siao Shu-Fen , Wang Tyng-Guey , Ku Shih-Chi , Wei Yu-Chung , Chen Cheryl Chia-Hui 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate the prevalence and association with mortality of inability to perform sit-to-stand independently in critically ill survivors 3 months following medical ICU (MICU) discharge.

DESIGN:
Prospective cohort study.

SETTING:
Six MICUs at a tertiary care hospital.

PATIENTS:
MICU survivors who could sit-to-stand independently before the index hospitalization.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Inability to sit-to-stand (yes/no) was measured at four points following MICU discharge: upon ICU discharge, 1, 2, and 3 months afterward. Mortality was evaluated at 6- and 12-month post-MICU discharge. Among 194 participants, 128 (66%) had inability to sit-to-stand upon MICU discharge. Recovery occurred, with rates decreasing to 50% at 1 month, 38% at 2 months, and 36% at 3 months post-MICU discharge, plateauing at 2 months. Inability to sit-to-stand at 3 months was significantly associated with 21% mortality at 12 months and a 4.2-fold increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.61–10.99), independent of age, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and ICU-acquired weakness. Notably, improvement in sit-to-stand ability, even from “totally unable” to “able with assistance,” correlates with reduced mortality risk.

CONCLUSIONS:
Inability to sit-to-stand affects about 36% of MICU survivors even at 3 months post-ICU discharge, highlighting rehabilitation challenges. Revisiting sit-to-stand ability post-ICU discharge is warranted. Additionally, using sit-to-stand as a screening tool for interventions to improve return of its function and mortality is suggested.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Children and Young Adults With Sepsis Requiring Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy: A Comparative Analysis From the Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK)*
Authors: Stanski Natalja L. , Gist Katja M. , Hasson Denise , Stenson Erin K. , Seo JangDong , Ollberding Nicholas J. , Muff-Luett Melissa , Cortina Gerard , Alobaidi Rashid , See Emily , Kaddourah Ahmad , Fuhrman Dana Y. ,   on behalf of the Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK) Investigators
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVES:
Pediatric sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) often requires continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), but limited data exist regarding patient characteristics and outcomes. We aimed to describe these features, including the impact of possible dialytrauma (i.e., vasoactive requirement, negative fluid balance) on outcomes, and contrast them to nonseptic patients in an international cohort of children and young adults receiving CRRT.

DESIGN:
A secondary analysis of Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK), an international, multicenter, retrospective study.

SETTING:
Neonatal, cardiac and PICUs at 34 centers in nine countries from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2021.

PATIENTS:
Patients 0–25 years old requiring CRRT for AKI and/or fluid overload.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Among 1016 patients, 446 (44%) had sepsis at CRRT initiation and 650 (64%) experienced Major Adverse Kidney Events at 90 days (MAKE-90) (defined as a composite of death, renal replacement therapy [RRT] dependence, or > 25% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate from baseline at 90 d from CRRT initiation). Septic patients were less likely to liberate from CRRT by 28 days (30% vs. 38%; p < 0.001) and had higher rates of MAKE-90 (70% vs. 61%; p = 0.002) and higher mortality (47% vs. 31%; p < 0.001) than nonseptic patients; however, septic survivors were less likely to be RRT dependent at 90 days (10% vs. 18%; p = 0.011). On multivariable regression, pre-CRRT vasoactive requirement, time to negative fluid balance, and median daily fluid balance over the first week of CRRT were not associated with MAKE-90; however, increasing duration of vasoactive requirement was independently associated with increased odds of MAKE-90 (adjusted OR [aOR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05–1.28) and mortality (aOR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.1–1.32) for each additional day of support.

CONCLUSIONS:
Septic children requiring CRRT have different clinical characteristics and outcomes compared with those without sepsis, including higher rates of mortality and MAKE-90. Increasing duration of vasoactive support during the first week of CRRT, a surrogate of potential dialytrauma, appears to be associated with these outcomes.
Lung cancer screening in never smokers
Authors: Lai Gillianne G.Y. , Tan Daniel S.W. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening has been established in smokers, but its role in never smokers remains unclear. The differences in lung cancer biology between smokers and nonsmokers highlight the importance of a discriminated approach. This overview focuses on the emerging data and implementation challenges for LDCT screening in nonsmokers.

Recent findings
The first LDCT screening study in nonsmokers enriched with risk factors demonstrated a lung cancer detection rate double that of the phase 3 trials in smokers. The relative risk of lung cancer detected by LDCT has also been found to be similar amongst female never smokers and male ever smokers in Asia. Majority of lung cancers detected through LDCT screening are stage 0/1, leading to concerns of overdiagnosis. Risk prediction models to enhance individual selection and nodule management could be useful to enhance the utility of LDCT screening in never smokers.

Summary
With appropriate risk stratification, LDCT screening in never smokers may attain similar efficacy as compared to smokers. A global effort is needed to generate evidence surrounding optimal screening strategies, as well as health and economic benefits to determine the suitability of widespread implementation.
Needs for rehabilitation in China: Estimates based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2019
Authors: Tian Tian , Zhu Lin , Fu Qingzhen , Tan Shiheng , Cao Yukun , Zhang Ding , Wang Mingxue , Zheng Ting , Gao Lijing , Volontovich Daria , Wang Yongchen , Zhang Jinming , Jiang Zhimei , Qiu Hongbin , Wang Fan , Zhao Yashuang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
As an essential part of health services, rehabilitation is of great significance to improve the health and quality of life of the whole population. Accelerating aging calls for a significant expansion of rehabilitation services in China, but rehabilitation needs remain unclear. We conducted the study to explore the rehabilitation needs in China and project the trend of rehabilitation needs from 2020 to 2034.

Methods:
The data of health conditions that might potentially benefit from rehabilitation were obtained from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to quantify the trends of the age-standardized rates. Projections of rehabilitation needs were made until 2034 using Bayesian age–period–cohort analysis (BAPC).

Results:
Approximately 460 million persons (33.3% of the total population) need rehabilitation in China, contributing to 63 million years lived with disabilities (YLDs) in 2019. The number of prevalent cases that need rehabilitation increased from around 268 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 257–282) million in 1990 to almost 460 (95% UI: 443–479) million in 2019, representing an increase of 71.3%. The highest contribution to the need for rehabilitation was musculoskeletal disorders with about 322 (95% UI: 302–343) million persons in seven aggregate disease and injury categories, and hearing loss with over 95 (95% UI: 84–107) million people among 25 health conditions. Based on the projection results, there will be almost 636 million people (45% of the total population) needing rehabilitation services in China by 2034, representing an increase of 38.3%. The rehabilitation needs of neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders are expected to increase significantly from 2019 to 2034, with increases of 102.3%, 88.8% and 73.2%, respectively.

Conclusions:
The need for rehabilitation in China substantially increased over the last 30 years. It is predicted that over two in five people will require rehabilitation by 2034, thus suggesting the need to develop rehabilitation services that meet individuals’ rehabilitation needs.