bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collagen hydrogel scaffold promotes mesenchymal stem cell and endothelial cell coculture for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Nguyen Bao‐Ngoc B. , Moriarty Rebecca A. , Kamalitdinov Tim , Etheridge Julie M. , Fisher John P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe generation of functional, vascularized tissues is a key challenge for the field of tissue engineering. Before clinical implantations of such tissue engineered bone constructs can succeed, tactics to promote neovascularization need to be strengthened. We have previously demonstrated that the tubular perfusion system (TPS) bioreactor is an effective culturing method to augment osteogenic differentiation and maintain viability of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). Here, we devised a strategy to address the need for a functional microvasculature by designing an in vitro coculture system that simultaneously cultures osteogenic differentiating hMSCs with endothelial cells (ECs). We utilized the TPS bioreactor as a dynamic coculture environment, which we hypothesize will encourage prevascularization of endothelial cells and early formation of bone tissue and could aid in anastomosis of the graft with the host vasculature after patient implantation. To evaluate the effect of different natural scaffolds for this coculture system, the cells were encapsulated in alginate and/or collagen hydrogel scaffolds. We discovered the necessity of cell‐to‐cell proximity between the two cell types as well as preference for the natural cell binding capabilities of hydrogels like collagen. We discovered increased osteogenic and angiogenic potential as seen by amplified gene and protein expression of ALP, BMP‐2, VEGF, and PECAM. The TPS bioreactor further augmented these expressions, indicating a synergistic effect between coculture and applied shear stress. The development of this dynamic coculture platform for the prevascularization of engineered bone, emphasizing the importance of the construct microenvironments and will advance the clinical use of tissue engineered constructs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 1123–1131, 2017.
Synthesis of an inorganic‐framework molecularly imprinted Fe‐doped TiO2 composite and its selective photo‐Fenton‐like degradation of acid orange II
Authors: Song Yanqun , Rong Chuan , Shang Jiaobo , Wang Yinghui , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yu Kefu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe heterogeneous photo‐Fenton‐like process is emerging as a promising treatment of dye‐containing wastewater because of its economic feasibility and high efficiency. However, it is still required to develop photo‐Fenton‐like catalysts with highly selective degradation ability and reusability.RESULTSInorganic‐framework molecularly imprinted Fe‐doped TiO2 composites (MIP/Fe–TiO2) were successfully prepared by the sol–gel method, with acid orange II as the template and TiO2 as the matrix material. The photo‐Fenton‐like catalysts were characterized using FESEM, EDS, BET, X‐ray diffraction, FT‐IR spectroscopy and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. These methods revealed the well‐crystallized anatase phase and good nanometer‐level particle sizes. The adsorption property and photo‐Fenton‐like activity of the catalysts were also studied in single and binary systems, respectively.CONCLUSIONSCompared with non‐imprinted Fe–TiO2 composites (NIP/Fe–TiO2), MIP/Fe–TiO2 showed higher adsorption capacity and selectivity toward the template molecule. In addition, it was found that the molecular recognition ability of MIP/Fe–TiO2 provided the catalysts with rapidly selective photo‐Fenton‐like degradation of low target pollutant levels (20 mg L−1) in the presence of high levels of interferential pollutant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (100 mg L−1). Moreover, because of the stable physicochemical properties of the inorganic framework, the new photo‐Fenton‐like catalysts were resistant to photochemical attack and showed favorable reusability. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of fluid dynamic conditions on 1,3‐propanediol production from glycerol by Shimwellia blattae: carbon flux and cell response
Authors: Rodriguez Alberto , Santos Victoria E , Gomez Emilio , Garcia‐Ochoa Felix 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe study of fluid dynamic conditions is essential in the development and the scaling‐up of bioprocesses. If the working volume is large, different turbulence regimes could appear during the fermentation, affecting the metabolic state of the overall culture. In anaerobic systems, increasing the stirrer speed can induce hydrodynamic stress, increasing shear stress, and its consequences can negatively affect the cell viability, reducing the yield or the productivity of the process.RESULTSA kinetic model was employed for describing the time course of biomass growth rate and the different metabolite production rates. An increase in agitation from 100 to 500 rpm enhanced 1,3‐propanediol (PDO) production and biomass growth rate. However, when stirrer speed was increased from 600 to 1000 rpm, the shear stress had a negative effect, decreasing the maximum PDO concentration reached and the glycerol uptake rate. Cellular response to shear stress conditions was also observed by the time course viable cells and cell images.CONCLUSIONSThe production of PDO from raw glycerol by S. blattae is favored by increasing the stirrer speed to 500 rpm. Cell viability and integrity are compromised by hydrodynamic stress under aggressive agitation conditions (>600 rpm). © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Emerging insights into recurrent and metastatic human papillomavirus‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Faraji Farhoud , Eisele David W. , Fakhry Carole 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo review recent literature on human papillomavirus‐related (HPV‐positive) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPC) and focus on implications of recurrent and metastatic disease.MethodsPrimary articles from 1990 to 2016 indexed in MEDLINE (1) pertaining to the epidemiology of HPV‐positive OPC and (2) providing clinical insight into recurrent and metastatic OPC.ResultsThe incidence of HPV‐positive OPC is increasing globally. HPV‐positive OPC is a subtype with distinct molecular and clinical features including enhanced treatment response and improved overall survival. While disease recurrence is less common in patients with HPV‐positive OPC, up to 36% of patients experience treatment failure within eight years. Recurrent and metastatic OPC has historically signified poor prognosis, however recent data are challenging this dogma. Here, we discuss recurrent and metastatic OPC in the context of HPV tumor status.ConclusionHPV‐positive OPC exhibits distinct genetic, cellular, epidemiological, and clinical features from HPV‐negative OPC. HPV tumor status is emerging as a marker indicative of improved prognosis after disease progression in both locoregionally recurrent and distant metastatic OPC.Level of EvidenceN/A.
Engineering 3D Aligned Nanofibers for Regulation of Cell Growth Behavior
Authors: Jin Lin , Xu Qinwei , Li Cheng , Huang Jingbin , Zhang Yilei , Wu Dingcai , Wang Zhenling 
Published: January 2017

3D aligned electrospun fibers hold a promising potential in a wide range of biomedical areas, including biosensors, controlled drug release, tissue engineering, etc. Thus, a cost‐effective and easy way to scale‐up fabrication for 3D aligned nanofibers is highly desired. Herein, a novel yet facile preparation process of 3D aligned nanofibers (3D AFs) by an improved electrospinning technique is reported. The obtained 3D AFs show enhanced controllability on morphology and fiber density, and thus facilitate adhesion and growth of human mesenchymal stem cells within their 3D nanofiber microarchitectures, leading to an excellent in vitro biocompatibility. Moreover, the 3D AFs with aligned morphology can enhance the neuron activities and induce directional cell growth along the direction of nanofiber orientation, thereby providing an excellent cue for the anchorage and migration dependent neurons. Combined with controllable morphology and structure, it is anticipated that this finding can lead to great applications of electrospun fibers in nerve tissue engineering, diagnostics, and other biomedical fields.
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The gastrointestinal tract of farmed mink (Neovison vison) maintains a diverse mucosa‐associated microbiota following a 3‐day fasting period
Authors: Bahl Martin I. , Hammer Anne S. , Clausen Tove , Jakobsen Anabelle , Skov Søren , Andresen Lars 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAlthough it is well documented that the gut microbiota plays an important role in health and disease in mammalian species, this area has been poorly studied among carnivorous animals, especially within the mustelidae family. The gastrointestinal tract of carnivores is characterized by its short length and fast transit time, as compared to omnivores and herbivores, which is due to the low level of inherent fermentation. Mink represents an example of this, which have a GI tract only four times the length of the body and a transit time of approximately 4–5 hr. In this study, we used high‐throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to explore the resident gut microbiota of the mink in terms of intra‐and interindividual diversity. We report, for the first time, that the mucosa‐associated bacterial community within the colon is diverse and dissimilar from the community found in the feed. We found large interindividual differences in bacterial composition between individual animals being dominated generally by the phylum Firmicutes, but in some cases also Proteobacteria or Fusobacteria. The bacterial load and community structure within the mucus was not severely impacted by 3 days of fasting, which implies that a resident and stable microbiota is hosted by these animals.
Human Antimicrobial Peptides in Bodily Fluids: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Perspectives in the Postantibiotic Era
Authors: Bastos Paulo , Trindade Fábio , da Costa João , Ferreira Rita , Vitorino Rui 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an integral part of the innate immune defense mechanism of many organisms. Due to the alarming increase of resistance to antimicrobial therapeutics, a growing interest in alternative antimicrobial agents has led to the exploitation of AMPs, both synthetic and isolated from natural sources. Thus, many peptide‐based drugs have been the focus of increasing attention by many researchers not only in identifying novel AMPs, but in defining mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide activity as well. Herein, we review the available strategies for the identification of AMPs in human body fluids and their mechanism(s) of action. In addition, an overview of the distribution of AMPs across different human body fluids is provided, as well as its relation with microorganisms and infectious conditions.
The Current State of NAD+‐Dependent Histone Deacetylases (Sirtuins) as Novel Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Schiedel Matthias , Robaa Dina , Rumpf Tobias , Sippl Wolfgang , Jung Manfred 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSirtuins are NAD+‐dependent protein deacylases that cleave off acetyl, as well as other acyl groups, from the ε‐amino group of lysines in histones and other substrate proteins. Seven sirtuin isotypes (Sirt1–7) have been identified in mammalian cells. As sirtuins are involved in the regulation of various physiological processes such as cell survival, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, DNA repair, cell metabolism, and caloric restriction, a dysregulation of their enzymatic activity has been associated with the pathogenesis of neoplastic, metabolic, infectious, and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, sirtuins are promising targets for pharmaceutical intervention. Growing interest in a modulation of sirtuin activity has prompted the discovery of several small molecules, able to inhibit or activate certain sirtuin isotypes. Herein, we give an update to our previous review on the topic in this journal (Schemies, 2010), focusing on recent developments in sirtuin biology, sirtuin modulators, and their potential as novel therapeutic agents.
Chronic Infection of the Prostate by Chlamydia muridarum Is Accompanied by Local Inflammation and Pelvic Pain Development
Authors: Sanchez Leonardo R. , Breser Maria L. , Godoy Gloria J. , Salazar Florencia C. , Mackern‐Oberti Juan P. , Cuffini Cecilia , Motrich Ruben D. , Rivero Virginia E. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDChlamydia trachomatis urogenital infections are the leading cause of sexually transmitted bacterial infections. Although the prevalence of chlamydial infection is similar in men and women, current research is mainly focused on women, neglecting the study of male genital tract infections. We, therefore, investigated Chlamydia infection in the rodent male genital tract.MATERIALS AND METHODSMale NOD and C57BL/6 mice were inoculated in the meatus urethra with C. muridarum. Bacterial DNA, leukocyte infiltration of male genital tract tissues, pelvic pain, and Chlamydia‐specific immune responses were analyzed at different time points.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSThe inoculation of C. muridarum in the meatus urethra of male mice resulted in an ascending and widely disseminated infection of the male genital tract. C. muridarum remained longer and with the highest bacterial burdens in the prostate, thus showing a special tropism for this organ. Infection caused leukocyte infiltration, mainly composed by neutrophils, and also induced early pelvic pain development that rapidly dropped and resolved as the infection became chronic. Bacterial load and leukocyte infiltration was observed in all prostate lobes, although dorsolateral prostate was the most affected lobe. Interestingly, immune responses induced by both mice strains were characterized by the production of high levels of IL‐10 during early stages of the infection, with highest and sustained levels observed in NOD mice, which showed to be less efficient in clearing the infection. Chronic infection of the prostate accompanied by local inflammation and pelvic pain development described herein have important implications for the improvement of the diagnosis and for the design of new efficient therapies. Prostate 77:517–529, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hormetic effects of glyphosate on plants
Authors: Brito Ivana PFS , Tropaldi Leandro , Carbonari Caio A , Velini Edivaldo D 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAs all herbicides act on pathways or processes crucial to plants, in an inhibitory or stimulatory way, low rates of any herbicide might be used to modulate plant growth, development, or plant composition. Glyphosate is the most used herbicide in the world, and very low rates of this herbicide can stimulate plant growth, an effect called hormesis. Several studies have shown that glyphosate applications at low rates can increase plant growth, induce shikimic acid accumulation, increase photosynthesis and stomatal opening, increase seed production, and shorten the plant life cycle. Low rates of glyphosate applied to leaves have been reported to cause one or more of these effects in an expanding group of species. Under field conditions, pesticide rates are not uniform, causing some target organisms to receive rates that are low enough to cause hormesis. Until the present, low rates of glyphosate have not been recommended as a growth stimulant for crops, because the hormetic dose can vary considerably, depending on many factors. The objective of the present review is to summarize and analyze existing information about the hormetic effects of glyphosate on plants, thus contributing to understanding how glyphosate hormesis takes place and evaluating the potential use of glyphosate to stimulate plant growth. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Characterisation of glufosinate resistance mechanisms in Eleusine indica
Authors: Jalaludin Adam , Yu Qin , Zoellner Peter , Beffa Roland , Powles Stephen B 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn Eleusine indica population has evolved resistance to glufosinate, a major post‐emergence herbicide of global agriculture. This population was analysed for target‐site (glutamine synthetase) and non‐target‐site (glufosinate uptake, translocation and metabolism) resistance mechanisms.RESULTSGlutamine synthetase (GS) activity extracted from susceptible (S) and resistant (R*) plants was equally sensitive to glufosinate inhibition, with IC50 values of 0.85 mm and 0.99 mm, respectively. The extractable GS activity was also similar in S and R* samples. Foliar uptake of [14C]‐glufosinate did not differ in S and R* plants, nor did glufosinate net uptake in leaf discs. Translocation of [14C]‐glufosinate into untreated shoots and roots was also similar in both populations, with 44% to 47% of the herbicide translocated out from the treated leaf 24 h after treatment. The HPLC and LC‐MS analysis of glufosinate metabolism revealed no major metabolites in S or R* leaf tissue.CONCLUSIONSGlufosinate resistance in this resistant population is not due to an insensitive GS, or increased activity, or altered glufosinate uptake and translocation, or enhanced glufosinate metabolism. Thus, target‐site resistance is likely excluded and the exact resistance mechanism(s) remain to be determined. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
A feedback scheme for control of single electron transport
Authors: Brandes Tobias 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe revise a feedback control scheme for single electron transport. It is based on the idea of an adaptive modulation of the system parameters (such as tunnel rates) during the observation of the full counting statistics. This can be done via an iterative, step‐wise modulation, or in a continuous manner. We compare these two procedures and discuss an extension of the previously used linear feedback protocol to the non‐linear case. This involves an exponential dependence of tunnel rates on the differences , where n is the number of electrons transferred after time t and the stationary target current. The feedback freezes the full counting statistics into a stationary distribution that we derive and analyze using a Fokker–Planck equation.
Almost output regulation of switched linear dynamics with switched exosignals
Authors: Yuan Chengzhi , Wu Fen 
Published: January 2017

SummaryFor systems with switched linear dynamics and affected by persistent switched exosignals, we propose a new hybrid control approach to achieve not only closed‐loop stability but also tracking and/or rejection of persistent references/disturbances generated by multiple exosystems, namely, output regulation. It is assumed that both controlled plant and exosystem are described by switched linear models. The proposed hybrid controller/output regulator is specified as a switching impulsive system, where the controller states will undergo impulsive jumps at each switching instant. Based on the average dwell time switching technique, it has been shown how to completely reduce the synthesis problem of the hybrid controller to a set of linear matrix equations and linear matrix inequalities. Both continuous‐time and discrete‐time cases are discussed. To demonstrate its usefulness, the proposed hybrid control method has been applied to solve the output regulation problem for a mechanical system. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An efficient designated verifier signature scheme with pairing‐free and low cost
Authors: Hu Xiaoming , Xu Huajie , Liu Yan , Wang Jian , Tan Wenan , Zhang Xiaojun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn a strong designated verifier signature with message recovery (SDVSWMR) scheme, only the designated receiver has the capability to recover and validate the message‐signature pair. In 2015, using the bilinear pairing, Islam and Biswas presented an SDVSWMR scheme (we call it: IsBi‐SDVSWMR) with non‐delegatability, which has better performance than other schemes in terms of communication and computation cost. However, in this study, we address that IsBi‐SDVSWM scheme does not satisfy the security property of non‐delegatability as they claimed and we present two types of delegatability attack to their scheme. We also propose a new and pairing‐free SDVSWMR scheme that possesses the following security requirements: non‐delegatability, unforgeability, non‐transferability and privacy of signer's identity (PrSI). Compared our scheme with other existing related schemes, our scheme obtains better performance; that is, the computational cost is only 58%(lower) of IsBi‐SDVSWM scheme (other schemes), and the communication cost is 800 bits that is only 68%(lower) of IsBi‐SDVSWM scheme (other schemes). Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
When Surgical Resources are Severely Constrained, Who Receives Care? Determinants of Access to Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery in Uganda
Authors: Stephens Trina , Mezei Alexander , O’Hara Nathan N. , Potter Jeffrey , Mugarura Rodney , Blachut Piotr A. , O’Brien Peter J. , Beyeza Tito , Slobogean Gerard P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn low‐ and middle‐income countries, the volume of traumatic injuries requiring orthopaedic intervention routinely exceeds the capacity of available surgical resources. The objective of this study was to identify predictors of surgical care for lower extremity fracture patients at a high‐demand, resource‐limited public hospital in Uganda.MethodsSkeletally mature patients admitted with the intention of definitive surgical treatment of an isolated tibia or femur fractures to the national referral hospital in Uganda were recruited to participate in this study. Demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical data were collected through participant interviews at the time of injury and 6 months post‐injury. Social capital (use of social networks to gain access to surgery), financial leveraging, and ethnicity were also included as variables in this analysis. A probit estimation model was used to identify independent and interactive predictors of surgical treatment.ResultsOf the 64 patients included in the final analysis, the majority of participants were male (83%), with a mean age of 40.6, and were injured in a motor vehicle accident (77%). Due to resource constraints, only 58% of participants received surgical care. The use of social capital and femur fractures were identified as significant predictors of receiving surgical treatment, with social capital emerging as the strongest predictor of access to surgery (p < 0.05).ConclusionLimited infrastructure, trained personnel, and surgical supplies rations access to surgical care. In this environment, participants with advantageous social connections were able to self‐advocate for surgery where demand for these services greatly exceeded available resources.