bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binge abstinence is associated with reduced energy intake after treatment in patients with binge eating disorder and obesity
Authors: Masheb Robin M. , Dorflinger Lindsey M. , Rolls Barbara J. , Mitchell Diane C. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveBinge eating disorder (BED) is strongly associated with obesity and related medical and psychiatric morbidities. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has consistently been shown to reduce binge eating frequency and improve psychological functioning, as well as to produce abstinence rates of roughly 50%. This study examined the relationship between binge abstinence and dietary and psychological outcomes after CBT for BED.MethodsFifty adult patients with BED received 6‐month treatments using a combination of CBT and dietary counseling. Trained interviewers conducted two 24‐hour dietary recall interviews on randomly selected days at baseline and at 6 months.ResultsParticipants had significant reductions in energy, macronutrient, and sugar intake and an increase in fruit intake. They reported significant reductions in BMI and binge eating frequency (from mean = 14.24 to mean = 1.90 binge eating episodes during the previous 28 days), as well as improvements in psychological functioning. Those who became binge abstinent reported eating roughly 400 fewer calories per day and experienced greater improvements in psychological functioning than those who did not.ConclusionsFindings from this study suggest that individuals who achieve complete cessation from binge eating have significantly improved dietary and psychological outcomes that could potentially improve weight status, compared with those who continue to binge eat post‐treatment.
Shape recovery liquid crystal elastomer synthesized by melt‐polycondensation
Authors: Xu Mingyao , Cong Yuehua , Zhang Baoyan 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTA novel liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) synthesized by melt polymerization, which exhibits the capacity of shape memory, is reported here for the first time. The method of synthesize the shape memory LCE has been explored. A facile two‐step method to synthesize these anisotropic materials to realize reversible shape change behavior is reported. The first reaction is the addition of nematic liquid crystal molecules to form a kind of liquid crystal polymer. Subsequently, the polymer is crosslinked to trap the order of the liquid crystal into a crosslinked LCE. The LCE exhibits liquid crystalline behavior which has shape memory with excellent fixity and recovery. Its shape memory and actuating properties also have been studied. When reheating the LCE to 165 °C, the shape will recover. The main chains and crosslinked bonds of the LCE contain ester groups, which are sensitive to alkaline and acidic condition. It turns out that the LCE is intact under acidic condition, but it can be degraded under alkaline condition. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 389–394
Preparation of fluorinated methacrylate/clay nanocomposite via in‐situ polymerization: Characterization, structure, and properties
Authors: Karamane Mohamed , Raihane Mustapha , Tasdelen Mehmet Atilla , Uyar Tamer , Lahcini Mohamed , Ilsouk Mohamed , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTNovel fluorinated coating containing well‐dispersed silicate nanolayers is successfully produced via in‐situ free radical polymerization of 2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate in the presence of vinylbenzyl‐functionalized montmorillonite with different loading. The organic modification of sodium montmorillonite is achieved through an ion exchange reaction with triphenylvinylbenzylphosphonium chloride as surfactant prepared before use by reaction with vinylbenyl chloride and phosphine. The following in‐situ polymerization in the presence of organomodified clay leads to fluorinated nanocomposites with of partially exfoliated and intercalated morphologies, as determined via XRD and TEM analysis. The nanoscale dispersion of clay layers is also evidenced by thermal analysis; a moderate decrease of the glass transition temperature about 2–8 °C compared to their virgin PMATRIF and an improvement of their thermal stability as evidenced by TGA. The wettability of the nanocomposite films is also studied by contact angle measurements with water. The incorporation of organomodified clays not only increases the hydrophobicity of the fluorinated polymers but also improves the surface properties of obtained nanocomposites. Compared the virgin homopolymer, the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites are reduced by addition of organomodifed clay at temperature from 30 to 60 °C, whereas this trend is gradually decreased at higher temperature. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 411–418
An analysis of the role of nonreactive plasticizers in the crosslinking reactions of a rigid resin
Authors: Patel Jigneshkumar P. , Deshmukh Subrajeet , Zhao Caixia , Wamuo Onyenkachi , Hsu Shaw Ling , Schoch Andrew B. , Carleen Sena Ada , Matsumoto Dean 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTA uniform dispersion of reactants is necessary to achieve a complete reaction involving multiple components. Using a combination of infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and low field NMR, we have elucidated the role of a new class of nonreactive plasticizers on the crosslinking reaction between hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) and phenol formaldehyde resin. These two seemingly dissimilar reactants are responsible for the exceptionally high mechanical strength in a number of organic–inorganic composites. The efficiency of the curing reaction is characterized by the changing functionality of HMTA. Infrared active vibrations are used to characterize the changing molecular structures as a function of temperature. The T1 spin‐lattice relaxation time is used for the characterization of segmental dynamics of the chains in the formation of the crosslinked product. The segmental mobility depends on the amount of crosslinking and the stiffness of the chain. This study shows that this new class of nonreactive plasticizer can induce highly crosslinked structures without any of the environmental impact of the current technology. An efficient crosslinking reaction in phenolic resin can be achieved by using methyl benzoate as a nonreacting plasticizer. Low field NMR, in conjunction with infrared spectroscopy (mid and near) and DSC, clarified the crosslinking reaction mechanism and the ensuing structure. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 206–213
A novel model to predict infinite dilution solubility coefficients in glassy polymers
Authors: Goubko Mikhail , Miloserdov Oleg , Yampolskii Yuri , Alentiev Alexander , Ryzhikh Victoria 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTInfinite dilution gas solubility coefficients in glassy polymers of diverse chemical structure are predicted on the basis of a simple computational model of short polymer chain conformations. In contrast to existing models that describe the infinite dilution solubility coefficientSof various gases in certain polymers orSfor the particular gas in different polymers, our approach allows to deal with the broad variety of gases and glassy polymers of different structure. With the van der Waals volume, accessible surface area, and some derivative geometrical descriptors being the predicting variables, the multivariate linear regression on the testing set gives correlation 0.89 with the logarithm of the solubility coefficient for the considered classes of relatively low‐permeable polymers (the mean relative error of solubility coefficientSprediction is 68%). Regression accuracy can be improved up to correlation 0.95 and the mean relative error 39% when a separate regression is constructed for each penetrant gas. Implications are discussed to the analysis of solubility selectivity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys.2017,55, 228–244
Thoracic MRI evaluation of sarcoidosis in children
Authors: Gorkem Sureyya Burcu , Köse Seçil , Lee Edward Y. , Doğanay Selim , Coskun Ayse Seda , Köse Mehmet 
Published: October 2016

SummaryBackgroundChildhood sarcoidosis is a very rare granulomatous disorder with an unknown etiology. Stage 1 disease is the most common whereas stages 2, 3, and 0 are rare in children.ObjectiveTo evaluate thoracic findings of pediatric pulmonary sarcoidosis on MRI and to compare them with CT findings.MethodsBetween August 2010 and May 2015, seven consecutive pediatric patients (four male, three female; age range: 8–18 years, mean age: 13.5 ± 3.01 years) who were diagnosed with sarcoidosis were enrolled in our study prospectively. Inclusion criterion was patients with stages 1–4 sarcoidosis who underwent contrast enhanced chest CT for initial diagnosis or follow‐up evaluation of thoracic findings and exclusion criteria were patients with stage 0 disease with extra‐pulmonary manifestations (n = 4).ResultsTwo patients who recovered from stage 2 to stage 0 were interpreted as normal. Five patients had abnormal findings on chest CT, including hilar/mediastinal lymphadenopathy (n = 5, 71%), nodules larger than 3 mm (n = 4, 57%), ground glass opacity (n = 4, 57%), thickening of the pleura/fissure (n = 3, 42%), interlobular septal thickening (n = 2, 28%), atelectasis (n = 1, 14%), consolidation (n = 1, 14%), bronchiectasis (n = 1, 14%), intraparenchymal and subpleural cysts (n = 1,14%), fibrotic bands (n = 1, 14%), and enlarged pulmonary artery (n = 1, 14%). Findings that were detected on CT but not observed by lung MRI were nodules <3 mm (n = 4, 57%), mild bronchiectasis and mild ground glass opacity (n = 1, 14%), and subpleural and intraparenchymal cysts (n = 1, 14%). The sensitivity and specificity of MRI were 85.2% and 100%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between lung MRI and CT in detecting the thoracic findings in stages 1, 2, and 4 sarcoidosis (P = 0.1336, 95%Cl).ConclusionContrast‐enhanced lung MRI with fast imaging sequences is a highly sensitive imaging modality and comparable with CT in evaluating both lung and cardiac abnormalities in pediatric sarcoidosis. Given there is no associated ionizing radiation, chest MRI is a promising imaging modality in this pediatric patient population. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:494–499. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Janus Dendrimer from Poly(Aryl Ether) Linked PAMAM for Supergelation and Guest Release
Authors: Prabakaran Palani , Prasad Edamana 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe present work reports an easy‐to‐make procedure of Janus dendrimers containing two most widely used dendrons [poly(aryl ether) and poly(amido amine) {PAMAM}], and utilize them, for the first time, to form a hydrogel with supergelation ability. The first generation (G1G1) Janus dendrimer forms hydrogel with a critical gelation concentration (CGC) of 6.5 mg/mL, whereas the CGC for G1G1.5 dendrimer went as low as 0.90 mg/mL in DMSO‐H2O mixture. Judicious choice of solvent medium (ethanol‐water) led to the formation of flexible morphology (long fibres to vesicles) by the Janus dendrimers, suggesting the possibility of tuning the mechanism of self‐assembly in the system. The dye (rhodamine B) loading efficiency in the gel was successfully carried out using different generations {G1G1 and G1G1.5} of the Janus dendrimer. Generation G1G1 hydrogel (1 wt%) showed maximum dye loading efficiency of 4 mg/mL. Rhodamine B release profiles from the Janus dendrimers were determined and the results indicate that slow release kinetics was observed in the case of G1G1, where the self‐assembly is robust.
Implementation of the World Health Organization Trauma Care Checklist Program in 11 Centers Across Multiple Economic Strata: Effect on Care Process Measures
Authors: Lashoher Angela , Schneider Eric B. , Juillard Catherine , Stevens Kent , Colantuoni Elizabeth , Berry William R. , Bloem Christina , Chadbunchachai Witaya , Dharap Satish , Dy Sydney M. , Dziekan Gerald , Gruen Russell L. , Henry Jaymie A. , Huwer Christina , Joshipura Manjul , Kelley Edward , Krug Etienne , Kumar Vineet , Kyamanywa Patrick , Mefire Alain Chichom , Musafir Marcos , Nathens Avery B. , Ngendahayo Edouard , Nguyen Thai Son , Roy Nobhojit , Pronovost Peter J. , Khan Irum Qumar , Razzak Junaid Abdul , Rubiano Andrés M. , Turner James A. , Varghese Mathew , Zakirova Rimma , Mock Charles 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundTrauma contributes more than ten percent of the global burden of disease. Initial assessment and resuscitation of trauma patients often requires rapid diagnosis and management of multiple concurrent complex conditions, and errors are common. We investigated whether implementing a trauma care checklist would improve care for injured patients in low‐, middle‐, and high‐income countries.MethodsFrom 2010 to 2012, the impact of the World Health Organization (WHO) Trauma Care Checklist program was assessed in 11 hospitals using a stepped wedge pre‐ and post‐intervention comparison with randomly assigned intervention start dates. Study sites represented nine countries with diverse economic and geographic contexts. Primary end points were adherence to process of care measures; secondary data on morbidity and mortality were also collected. Multilevel logistic regression models examined differences in measures pre‐ versus post‐intervention, accounting for patient age, gender, injury severity, and center‐specific variability.ResultsData were collected on 1641 patients before and 1781 after program implementation. Patient age (mean 34 ± 18 vs. 34 ± 18), sex (21 vs. 22 % female), and the proportion of patients with injury severity scores (ISS) ≥ 25 (10 vs. 10 %) were similar before and after checklist implementation (p > 0.05). Improvement was found for 18 of 19 process measures, including greater odds of having abdominal examination (OR 3.26), chest auscultation (OR 2.68), and distal pulse examination (OR 2.33) (all p < 0.05). These changes were robust to several sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsImplementation of the WHO Trauma Care Checklist was associated with substantial improvements in patient care process measures among a cohort of patients in diverse settings.
Numerical responses of an avian predator to prey fluctuations in a temperate latitude: breeders vs. entire population
Authors: Panek Marek 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDistinct numerical responses of predators to fluctuations in the abundance of their prey are often observed in northern regions but occur more rarely in temperate latitudes. This statement is, however, mostly based on observations of breeding populations, while in some predators, for example in raptors, numerous non‐breeding floaters can occur. I estimated the breeding density and reproductive performance (nest survey) as well as the density of entire population (transects with distance sampling) of the common buzzardButeo buteoin western Poland (52°N) in the years 2005–2014 to test the hypotheses that in temperate latitudes: (1) the breeding population of these birds does not show any numerical response, understood as annual changes in their abundance; (2) its reproductive success, however, changes with the abundance of main prey, the common voleMicrotus arvalis; and (3) hence the entire buzzard population (including potential immature floaters) present in a given area during the nesting period responds numerically with some time delay. The reproductive success of buzzards was positively correlated with their prey abundance. Contrary to my predictions, however, the breeding population of buzzards showed a slight numerical response with a 3‐year lag and the entire population tracked vole fluctuations without any time delay. The immediate numerical response of the entire buzzard population was probably caused by large‐scale movements of floaters. Such rapid numerical responses of some predators may contribute to the relative stability of prey populations in temperate latitudes compared to northern regions.
Unmet needs and current and future approaches for osteoporotic patients at high risk of hip fracture
Authors: Ferrari Serge , Reginster Jean-Yves , Brandi Maria Luisa , Kanis John A. , Devogelaer Jean-Pierre , Kaufman Jean-Marc , Féron Jean-Marc , Kurth Andreas , Rizzoli René 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Summary

This review provides a critical analysis of currently available approaches to increase bone mass, structure and strength through drug therapy and of possible direct intra-osseous interventions for the management of patients at imminent risk of hip fracture.

Purpose
Osteoporotic hip fractures represent a particularly high burden in morbidity-, mortality- and health care-related costs. There are challenges and unmet needs in the early prevention of hip fractures, opening the perspective of new developments for the management of osteoporotic patients at imminent and/or at very high risk of hip fracture. Amongst them, preventive surgical intervention needs to be considered.

Methods
A European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO)/International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) working group reviewed the presently available intervention modalities including preventive surgical options for hip fragility. This paper represents a summary of the discussions.

Results
Prevention of hip fracture is currently based on regular physical activity; prevention of falls; correction of nutritional deficiencies, including vitamin D repletion; and pharmacological intervention. However, efficacy of these various measures to reduce hip fractures is at most 50% and may need months or years before becoming effective. To face the challenges of early prevention of hip fractures for osteoporotic patients at imminent and/or at very high risk of hip fracture, preventive surgical intervention needs further investigation.

Conclusion
Preventive surgical intervention needs to be appraised for osteoporotic patients at imminent and/or at very high risk of hip fracture.
Boundaries and control in the Roman house
Authors: Berry Joanne 
Published: October 2016

How should we read the structure of the atrium house? On the one hand, it is an open space; its rooms are arranged around the central courtyard or atrium. From its narrow entrance it is often possible to see straight through to the back of the garden or peristyle, and it is hardly surprising that scholars have claimed that the house was intentionally designed to allow people to see within, to guide their gaze to special features in order to demonstrate the wealth and status of the owner, or to make outsiders want to enter and see more. On the other hand, the house was also a sacred space that carried a potent symbolic value. It was protected by the household gods, and was sustained by religious, social and economic resources. Symbolically, the house was private even when it was used for public business. It was also strictly monitored and controlled.Scholars are increasingly challenging the idea that the inhabitants of Roman houses were more concerned with display than with privacy, and are suggesting methods by which privacy was established. I will argue here that in the Roman house display and privacy are not mutually exclusive, but of equal importance. Within the open atrium plan there were both physical and symbolic boundaries that functioned to control movement and protect the home from visitors who were not members of the household or family. My aim is to explore the creation and deployment of such boundaries in a society that often used aesthetic markers to control space, and to discuss how what may seem to have been free movement within the atrium house may actually have been restricted.
Exploiting excavation archives: Herculaneum from 1927 to 1961 as a case-study
Authors: Monteix Nicolas 
Published: October 2016

“Questi giornali di scavo di Ercolano sono una miseria di forma e di sostanza”“The only source of information for most of the finds of the site [Pompeii] remains the pages of the Giornali degli Scavi”With the multiplication of excavations, archaeological research (and even rescue archaeology) increasingly faces sites previously explored and thereby has to deal with documentation made with different methods and of different scopes than those of today. Beyond the historiographical issues and differences in ways of describing the past as viewed from the present, such an archival documentation is generally fragmentary, often scattered between various institutions or in private archives. The aim of this paper is to contribute to a debate on an important issue: how might we best make use of previous material, from archival documents to publications?Herculaneum can exemplify the main processes one might face while studying a site excavated in the past. Initially explored through tunnels, it was excavated in open-area excavations in four periods (1828-55; 1869-75; 1927-61; 1996-98). Most of the city as we know it was uncovered by A. Maiuri (1886-1963) while he was Soprintendente and director of the Museum of Naples (1924-61). He managed to pass himself off as the only excavator of Herculaneum, and such a view was consolidated by the (incomplete) publication of his excavations in 1958. Up until the late 1990s, anything written about Herculaneum relied on his synthesis, with only a few re-interpretations based on observations made on a site that had been restored and presented by him. S. Mols was the first to use other sources to understand better the context of the wooden furniture discovered throughout the town, namely the daybooks (Giornale degli scavi di Ercolano [henceforth GSE]) composed during the excavation. Since then, slowly but surely, many of those involved in the study of Herculaneum started using those diaries, hoping to have a more complete and less subjective perception of the excavation — at least, one less influenced by Maiuri.
The manufacturing process of the gold bust of Marcus Aurelius: evidence from neutron imaging
Authors: de Pury-Gysel Anne , Lehmann Eberhard H. , Giumlia-Mair Alessandra 
Published: October 2016

This paper presents the results of applying neutron imaging methods to the gold bust of Marcus Aurelius, an analytical procedure that was carried out in 2006 at the Paul Scherrer Institut in Villigen (Switzerland). The results have produced a better understanding of the gold repoussé manufacturing techniques for large pieces.Given the number of gold statues that existed at Rome and in its provinces, the preserved pieces represent only a tiny fraction; to recover the precious metal, most gold objects were eventually melted down, with the result that only a very small number of pieces are left. That scarcity explains our difficulties in studying the characteristics of this category. Just 6 gold busts of the Roman period have been documented. The bust of Marcus Aurelius was found in a sewer running beneath a sanctuary of Aventicum (figs. 1, 6a and 16). Then there is the bust of Septimius Severus discovered at Didymoteichon (NE Greece), a small fragment from the shoulder pteriges of a breastplated bust of the 2nd c. A.D. found at the fort of Dambach (Germany), the Late Roman head inserted into the 9th-10th c. statue of St. Fides in the Abbeye of Conques (France), and the much smaller busts of (possibly) Licinius I and of Licinius II probably of the early 4th c.