bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review of reusable versus disposable laparoscopic instruments: costs and safety
Authors: Siu Joey , Hill Andrew G. , MacCormick Andrew D. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundThe quality of instruments and surgical expertise in minimally invasive surgery has developed markedly in the last two decades. Attention is now being turned to ways to allow surgeons to adopt more cost‐effective and environmental‐friendly approaches. This review explores current evidence on the cost and environmental impact of reusable versus single‐use instruments. In addition, we aim to compare their quality, functionality and associated clinical outcomes.MethodThe Medline and EMBASE databases were searched for relevant literature from January 2000 to May 2015. Subject headings were Equipment Reuse/, Disposable Equipment/, Cholecystectomy/, Laparoscopic/, Laparoscopy/, Surgical Instruments/, Medical Waste Disposal/, Waste Management/, Medical Waste/, Environmental Sustainability/ and Sterilization/.ResultsThere are few objective comparative analyses between single‐use versus reusable instruments. Current evidence suggests that limiting use of disposal instruments to necessity may hold both economical and environmental advantages. Theoretical advantages of single‐use instruments in quality, safety, sterility, ease of use and importantly patient outcomes have rarely been examined. Cost‐saving methods, environmental‐friendly methods, global operative costs, hidden costs, sterilization methods and quality assurance systems vary greatly between studies making it difficult to gain an overview of the comparison between single‐use and reusable instruments.ConclusionsFurther examination of cost comparisons between disposable and reusable instruments is necessary while externalized environmental costs, instrument function and safety are also important to consider in future studies.
Thrombotic Depositions on Right Impeller of Double‐Ended Centrifugal Total Artificial Heart In Vivo
Authors: Karimov Jamshid H. , Horvath David J. , Okano Shinji , Goodin Mark , Sunagawa Gengo , Byram Nicole , Moazami Nader , Golding Leonard A.R. , Fukamachi Kiyotaka 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe development of total artificial heart devices is a complex undertaking that includes chronic biocompatibility assessment of the device. It is considered particularly important to assess whether device design and features can be compatible long term in a biological environment. As part of the development program for the Cleveland Clinic continuous‐flow total artificial heart (CFTAH), we evaluated the device for signs of thrombosis and biological material deposition in four animals that had achieved the intended 14‐, 30‐, or 90‐day durations in each respective experiment. Explanted CFTAHs were analyzed for possible clot buildup at “susceptible” areas inside the pump, particularly the right pump impeller. Depositions of various consistency and shapes were observed. We here report our findings, along with macroscopic and microscopic analysis post explant, and provide computational fluid dynamics data with its potential implications for thrombus formation.
Iron concentration in breast milk normalised within one week of a single high_dose infusion of iron isomaltoside in randomised controlled trial
Authors: Holm Charlotte , Thomsen Lars Lykke , Norgaard Astrid , Markova Veronika , Michaelsen Kim F. , Langhoff_Roos Jens 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimWe compared the iron concentration in breast milk after a single high dose of intravenous iron isomaltoside or daily oral iron for postpartum haemorrhage.MethodsIn this randomised controlled trial, the women were allocated a single dose of intravenous 1200 mg iron isomaltoside or oral iron at a mean daily dose of 70.5 mg. We included 65 women with sufficient breast milk three days after inclusion _ 30 from the intravenous iron group and 35 from the oral iron group _ and collected breast milk and maternal blood samples three days and one week after allocation.ResultsThe mean (_SD) iron concentration in breast milk in the intravenous and oral groups was 0.72 _ 0.27 and 0.40 _ 0.18 mg/L at three days (p < 0.001) and 0.47 _ 0.17 and 0.44 _ 0.25 mg/L after one week (p = 0.64). Baseline samples were not available that soon after birth.ConclusionA single high dose of intravenous iron isomaltoside for postpartum haemorrhage led to a transient increase in the iron concentration in breast milk three days after treatment compared with oral iron. The difference disappeared one week after treatment, and mean iron concentrations were within the normal range in all samples.
Review article: mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Grégoire C. , Lechanteur C. , Briquet A. , Baudoux É. , Baron F. , Louis E. , Beguin Y. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackgroundInflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic relapsing diseases in which pro‐inflammatory immune cells and cytokines induce intestinal tissue damage and disability. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exert powerful immunomodulatory effects and stimulate tissue repair.AimTo review the current data on mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in IBD.MethodWe searched PubMed and ‘ClinicalTrials.gov’ databases using the terms ‘mesenchymal stromal cells’, ‘mesenchymal stem cell transplantation’, ‘inflammatory bowel diseases’, ‘Crohn disease’ and ‘colitis, ulcerative’. Additional publications were identified from individual article reference lists.ResultsMSCs include inhibition of Th1/Th17 lymphocytes and recruitment of regulatory T lymphocytes, induction of antigen‐presenting cells into a regulatory‐like profile, and stimulation of epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation. More than 200 patients with refractory fistulas have been treated with local injections of MSCs, resulting in complete response in more than half, and in overall response in approximately two thirds of patients. In refractory luminal Crohn's disease, 49 cases of systemic MSC infusions have been reported, while trials with autologous MSCs resulted in mitigated responses, studies using allogeneic MSCs were promising, with around 60% of patients experiencing a response and around 40% achieving clinical remission.ConclusionsMesenchymal stromal cells might represent a promising therapy for IBD, especially for Crohn's disease. There remain many unsolved questions concerning the optimal origin and source of mesenchymal stromal cells, dosage and modalities of administration. Moreover, mesenchymal stromal cells still need to prove their effectiveness compared with conventional treatments in randomised controlled trials.
Polymorphisms of RDH16 and VEGFR1 influence M. trapezius steatosis in Japanese Black carcass
Authors: Ishida Takafumi , Noda Kosuke , Jomane Fortune Ntengwa , Tokunaga Tadaaki 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe exact cause of steatosis, one of defects in Japanese beef carcasses, has not been elucidated to date, because it is very difficult to diagnose cyclopedically with certain reproducibility due to the bias in the outbreak. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the influence of polymorphisms in retinol dehydrogenase 16 (RDH16), myoferlin (MYOF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1, VEGFR2) on carcass‐graded Musculus trapezius steatosis. For logistic regression analysis, 646 carcasses shipped from 29 farms in Miyazaki, Japan, were used. The GG genotype in RDH16 showed significant odds ratios against AA and AG. In VEGFR1, CT had a significant odds ratio against CC. After evaluating for interaction, highly significant odds ratios were observed in the combinations that included the GG risk genotype in RDH16. It is noteworthy that there was no steatosis in the combination GG (RDH16) and CC (VEGFR1). It may be concluded that there is a possibility that steatosis can be suppressed by the CC genotype in VEGFR1. The current study revealed the influence of genetic polymorphisms on M. trapezius steatosis that had not been reported until now, and may help elucidate the cause of steatosis.
Cloning and characterization of the glutamate dehydrogenase gene in Streptococcus bovis
Authors: Ando Tasuke , Sugawara Yoko , Nishio Ryohei , Murakami Miho , Isogai Emiko , Yoneyama Hiroshi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractStreptococcus bovis, an etiologic agent of rumen acidosis in cattle, is a rumen bacterium that can grow in a chemically defined medium containing ammonia as a sole source of nitrogen. To understand its ability to assimilate inorganic ammonia, we focused on the function of glutamate dehydrogenase. In order to identify the gene encoding this enzyme, we first amplified an internal region of the gene by using degenerate primers corresponding to hexameric family I and NAD(P)+ binding motifs. Subsequently, inverse PCR was used to identify the whole gene, comprising an open reading frame of 1350 bp that encodes 449 amino acid residues that appear to have the substrate binding site of glutamate dehydrogenase observed in other organisms. Upon introduction of a recombinant plasmid harboring the gene into an Escherichia coli glutamate auxotroph lacking glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase, the transformants gained the ability to grow on minimal medium without glutamate supplementation. When cell extracts of the transformant were resolved by blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by activity staining, a single protein band appeared that corresponded to the size of S. bovis glutamate dehydrogenase. Based on these results, we concluded that the gene obtained encodes glutamate dehydrogenase in S. bovis.
Sequential chemotherapy followed by reduced‐intensity conditioning and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with relapse or refractory acute myeloid leukaemia: a survey from the Acute Leukaemia Working Party of EBMT
Authors: Ringdén Olle , Labopin Myriam , Schmid Christoph , Sadeghi Behnam , Polge Emmanuelle , Tischer Johanna , Ganser Arnold , Michallet Mauricette , Kanz Lothar , Schwerdtfeger Rainer , Nagler Arnon , Mohty Mohamad ,   the Acute Leukaemia Working Party of the EBMT
Published: November 2016

SummaryThis study analysed the outcome of 267 patients with relapse/refractory acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) who received sequential chemotherapy including fludarabine, cytarabine and amsacrine followed by reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The transplants in 77 patients were from matched sibling donors (MSDs) and those in 190 patients were from matched unrelated donors. Most patients (94·3%) were given anti‐T‐cell antibodies. The incidence of acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) of grades II‒IV was 32·1% and that of chronic GVHD was 30·2%. The 3‐year probability of non‐relapse mortality (NRM) was 25·9%, that of relapse was 48·5%, that of GVHD‐free and relapse‐free survival (GRFS) was 17·8% and that of leukaemia‐free survival (LFS) was 25·6%. In multivariate analysis, unrelated donor recipients more frequently had acute GVHD of grades II‒IV [hazard ratio (HR) = 1·98, P = 0·017] and suffered less relapses (HR = 0·62, P = 0·01) than MSD recipients. Treatment with anti‐T‐cell antibodies reduced NRM (HR = 0·35, P = 0·01) and improved survival (HR = 0·49, P = 0·01), GRFS (HR = 0·37, P = 0·0004) and LFS (HR = 0·46, P = 0·005). Thus, sequential chemotherapy followed by RIC HSCT and use of anti‐T‐cell antibodies seems promising in patients with refractory AML.
Screening for ALK abnormalities in central nervous system metastases of non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Nicoś Marcin , Jarosz Bożena , Krawczyk Paweł , Wojas‐Krawczyk Kamila , Kucharczyk Tomasz , Sawicki Marek , Pankowski Juliusz , Trojanowski Tomasz , Milanowski Janusz 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAnaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement was reported in 3%–7% of primary non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its presence is commonly associated with adenocarcinoma (AD) type and non‐smoking history. ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as crizotinib, alectinib and ceritinib showed efficiency in patients with primary NSCLC harboring ALK gene rearrangement. Moreover, response to ALK TKIs was observed in central nervous system (CNS) metastatic lesions of NSCLC. However, there are no reports concerning the frequency of ALK rearrangement in CNS metastases. We assessed the frequency of ALK abnormalities in 145 formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from CNS metastases of NSCLC using immunohistochemical (IHC) automated staining (BenchMark GX, Ventana, USA) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique (Abbot Molecular, USA). The studied group was heterogeneous in terms of histopathology and smoking status. ALK abnormalities were detected in 4.8% (7/145) of CNS metastases. ALK abnormalities were observed in six AD (7.5%; 6/80) and in single patients with adenosuqamous lung carcinoma. Analysis of clinical and demographic factors indicated that expression of abnormal ALK was significantly more frequently observed (P = 0.0002; χ2 = 16.783) in former‐smokers. Comparison of IHC and FISH results showed some discrepancies, which were caused by unspecific staining of macrophages and glial/nerve cells, which constitute the background of CNS tissues. Their results indicate high frequency of ALK gene rearrangement in CNS metastatic sites of NSCLC that are in line with prior studies concerning evaluation of the presence of ALK abnormalities in such patients. However, they showed that assessment of ALK by IHC and FISH methods in CNS tissues require additional standardizations.
The politics of refusal: Aboriginal sovereignty and the Northern Gateway pipeline
Authors: Wood Patricia Burke , Rossiter David A. 
Published: November 2016

Key MessagesClaims of Aboriginal sovereignty over territory crossed by proposed pipeline are substantive and practised, and well‐grounded in Canadian law.Aboriginal presentations to the Joint Review Panel are examples of a politics of refusal based in Aboriginal knowledge, governance, experience, and perspective, rather than merely a response to a specific proposal.Geographic research on natural resource development would benefit from more incorporation of Aboriginal theory.
Innovations in Practice: A case control and follow‐up study of ‘hard to reach’ young people who suffered from multiple complex mental disorders
Authors: Camilleri Nigel , Newbury‐Birch Dorothy , McArdle Paul , Stocken Deborah D. , Thick Tony , Le Couteur Ann 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundInnovations Project (IP) was a new multidisciplinary team based within an inner city, walk‐in health centre, North East England (throughout 2011). The aim was to describe the social and mental disorders of the hard to reach young people (HTRYP) from the IP and compare with a matched sample who attended a Community Mental Health Team (CMHT) and follow‐up both samples 24 months after discharge.MethodsA retrospective review of clinical case notes of YP who attended the IP and CMHT. A 24‐month (postdischarge) follow‐up evaluation of the mental state and social function of the YP in both groups using Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (HoNOSCA) and Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS).ResultsThirty‐six referrals were accepted over a one‐year period by the IP, 31 met criteria for the HTRYP, 15 were offered individually tailored therapy. The HTRYP who were more deprived compared to the CMHT matched sample (n = 115), experienced a higher median number of mental disorders (n = 3 compared to CMHT n = 1), higher severity scores and lower levels of social function (HTRYP HoNOSCA mean: 19.1 (95% CI 15.9–22.2) and CMHT mean: 11.2 (95% CI 2.0–23.0) p = <.001, and HTRYP CGAS mean: 51.0 (95% CI 46.0–56.2) and CMHT mean: 58.9 (95% CI 52.9–64.8), p = .05). The HTRYP made significantly greater improvement compared to CMHTYP; (HoNOSCA p = <.001 and CGAS p = <.002) at discharge. A total of 13 HTRYP and 9 CMHT YP attended the follow‐up review at 24 months. There was substantial variability in terms of social function between the YP within each sample.ConclusionsThe term ‘HTR’ describes a state that may be often temporary, as opposed to lifelong. A bespoke service offering a developmental theoretical framework, regular reviews and an individualised care plan, was able to engage and had the potential to reduce morbidity suffered by HTRYP.
Synthesis, cytotoxic activity, and 2D‐ and 3D‐QSAR studies of 19‐carboxyl‐modified novel isosteviol derivatives as potential anticancer agents
Authors: Liu Cong‐Jun , Zhang Tao , Yu Shu‐Ling , Dai Xing‐Jie , Wu Ya , Tao Jing‐Chao 
Published: November 2016

Two series of novel acylthiosemicarbazide and oxadiazole fused‐isosteviol derivatives were synthesized based on the 19‐carboxyl modification. The target compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicities against three cancer cell lines (HCT‐116, HGC‐27, and JEKO‐1) using an MTT assay. Lead compounds from the acylthiosemicarbazides (4) showed IC50 values in the lower micromolar range. For example, compounds (4i, 4l, 4m, 4r, and 4s) exhibited significant inhibitory activities against the three cell lines with IC50 values of 0.95–3.36 μm. Furthermore, 2D‐HQSAR and 3D‐topomer CoMFA analyses were established, which could be used to develop second generation of isosteviol derivatives as anticancer agents.
Ustekinumab in der Therapie der Pustulosis palmoplantaris – Eine Fallserie mit neun Patienten
Authors: Buder Valeska , Herberger Katharina , Jacobi Arnd , Augustin Matthias , Radtke Marc Alexander 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Pustulosis palmoplantaris ist eine chronisch entzündliche Hauterkrankung, die mit bedeutenden Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität und der Belastbarkeit einhergeht. Aufgrund von Zulassungsbeschränkungen und einem häufig therapierefraktären Verlauf sind die Behandlungsmöglichkeiten limitiert.Patienten und MethodikNach zuvor frustranen Therapien erhielten 9 Patienten mit Pustulosis palmoplantaris nach Ausschluss einer latenten Tuberkulose Ustekinumab (45 mg Ustekinumab bei < 100 kg Körpergewicht [KG], 90 mg Ustekinumab > 100 kg KG) in Woche 0, 4, 12 und 24. Reguläre Visiten erfolgten nach 4 und 12 Wochen, im weiteren Verlauf alle 12 Wochen.ErgebnisseDas Durchschnittsalter bei Therapiebeginn betrug 48 Jahre. Drei Patienten waren männlich. Bei n = 4 Patienten (44,4 %) wurde eine Verbesserung um 75 % des Palmoplantar‐Psoriasis‐Area‐Severity‐Index (PPPASI) erreicht. Insgesamt verbesserte sich der PPPASI nach 24 Wochen durchschnittlich um 71,6 %. Eine komplette Abheilung zeigte sich bei n = 2 Patienten nach 24 Wochen. Bis auf lokale Injektionsreaktionen und leichte Infekte wurden keine unerwünschten Wirkungen beobachtet.SchlussfolgerungenDie Fallserie ist ein weiterer Beleg für die Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit von Ustekinumab in der Therapie der Pustulosis palmoplantaris. Zur Beurteilung der Langzeitwirkung und ‐sicherheit sowie der Wirksamkeit einer intermittierenden Therapie sind kontrollierte Studiendaten sowie Beobachtungen im Rahmen von Patientenregistern notwendig.
Prognostic value of the area and density of lymphatic vessels in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Krediet Jorien Tannette , Kanitakis Jean , Bob Adrienne , Schmitter Julia , Krediet Annelot Carine , Röwert Joachim , Stockfleth Eggert , Painsi Clemens , Hügel Rainer , Terhorst Dorothea , Lange‐Asschenfeldt Bernhard 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackground and objectivesCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is known for its capacity to metastasize via lymphatic vessels. In recent studies, the level of lymphangiogenesis has been reported as a potential prognostic factor for several skin tumors. The aim of this study was to quantify lymphangiogenesis in SCC using either computer‐assisted image analysis or the Chalkley count technique. Vascular parameters were evaluated and compared with respect to their predictive power for tumor metastasis.Patient and methodsIn this case‐control study, clinical and histological data of 15 metastatic and 15 nonmetastatic SCC patients were retrospectively analyzed. SCC samples were immunostained for the lymphatic endothelial marker D2–40 and the panvascular marker CD31, and analyzed using computer‐assisted morphometric image analyses within hot spots as well as the digitalized Chalkley counting method.ResultsLymphatic vessel density, relative lymphatic vessel area, and lymphatic Chalkley count were significantly elevated in metastatic SCC. Tumor thickness was significantly higher in metastatic SCC, and had the highest predictive power for metastatic disease. Tumor thickness was a significant predictor of lymphangiogenic parameters.ConclusionsLymphangiogenesis is elevated in metastatic SCC but its extent is influenced by tumor thickness. Tumor thickness remains the most reliable predictive factor for metastatic disease.
Potential drug‐drug interactions and adverse drug reactions in dermatological inpatients
Authors: Koch Lukas , Kränke Birger , Aberer Werner 
Published: November 2016

SummaryObjectivesTo present information on the frequency of drug‐drug interactions and adverse drug reactions, and to provide assistance on how to minimize these major problems in the pharmacological treatment of dermatological inpatients.Patients and methodsThe medications given to 1,099 dermatological inpatients were retrospectively analyzed for drug‐drug interactions and adverse drug reactions using web‐based drug interaction software (Diagnosia® Check).ResultsWe report an overall frequency of relevant drug‐drug interactions of 51.7 %, with an average of 3.2 interactions per affected inpatient. Drug combinations that should have been avoided were found in 5.7 % of the study population. Total drug count was the most important risk factor. Drug groups involved in the majority of interactions were analgesics, cardiovascular and antithrombotic agents, as well as antidepressants. The risk of developing adverse drug reactions was rated as “high” in 53.1 % of inpatients. The top five adverse reactions in this patient group were bleeding, constipation, anticholinergic effects, sedation, and orthostatic effects.ConclusionsPotential drug‐drug interactions as well as adverse drug reactions are alarmingly common in dermatological inpatients. Every other patient is at risk of experiencing such interactions or adverse reactions, and every twentieth patient receives a drug combination that should not be administered. Increased alertness is a must in order to identify patients at risk.