bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Overlapping Operations on Outcomes in Microvascular Reconstructions of the Head and Neck
Authors: Sweeny Larissa , Rosenthal Eben L. , Light Tyler , Grayson Jessica , Petrisor Daniel , Troob Scott H. , Greene Benjamin J. , Carroll William R. , Wax Mark K. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo compare outcomes after microvascular reconstructions of head and neck defects between overlapping and nonoverlapping operations.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary care center.Subjects and MethodsPatients undergoing microvascular free tissue transfer operations between January 2010 and February 2015 at 2 tertiary care institutions were included (n = 1315). Patients were divided into 2 cohorts by whether the senior authors performed a single or consecutive microvascular reconstruction (nonoverlapping; n = 773, 59%) vs performing overlapping microvascular reconstructions (overlapping; n = 542, 41%). Variables reviewed were as follows: defect location, indication, T classification, surgical details, duration of the operation and hospitalization, and complications (major, minor, medical).ResultsMicrovascular free tissue transfers performed included radial forearm (49%, n = 639), osteocutaneous radial forearm (14%, n = 182), anterior lateral thigh (12%, n = 153), fibula (10%, n = 135), rectus abdominis (7%, n = 92), latissimus dorsi (6%, n = 78), and scapula (<1%, n = 4). The mean duration of the overlapping operations was 21 minutes longer than nonoverlapping operations (P =. 003). Mean duration of hospitalization was similar for nonoverlapping (9.5 days) and overlapping (9.1 days) cohorts (P =. 39). There was no difference in complication rates when stratified by overlapping (45%, n = 241) and nonoverlapping (45%, n = 344) (P =. 99). Subset analysis yielded similar results when minor, major, and medical complications between groups were assessed. The overall survival rate of free tissue transfers was 96%, and this was same for overlapping (96%) and nonoverlapping (96%) operations (P =. 71).ConclusionsPatients had similar complication rates and durations of hospitalization for overlapping and nonoverlapping operations.
HPV in Larynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma: New Serotypes and Survival Study within 10‐Year Follow‐up
Authors: Sánchez Barrueco Alvaro , González Galán Fernando , Lora Pablos David , Villacampa Aubá José Miguel , Ballestín Carcavilla Claudio , Cenjor Español Carlos , Almodóvar Álvarez Carlos 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo determine the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, specifically in the larynx without the bias of other sublocations, and to describe the different serotypes of HPV and their impact on overall and disease‐free survival after 10‐year follow‐up.Study DesignRetrospective case series with chart review of ear, nose, and throat oncologic database.SettingAcademic tertiary care hospital.SubjectsA total of 123 samples of larynx squamous cell carcinoma were included, only from the glottis and treated only with surgery between 1977 and 2005.MethodsDNA extraction was carried out by polymerase chain reaction, and subsequent visualization was performed in low‐density arrays. Results were compared with histologic, clinicopathologic, and survival parameters, with a 10‐year follow‐up.ResultsHPV DNA was detected in 22.76% (n = 28) of the samples. Eleven genotypes were detected, 2 of which had never been described in the larynx (HPV43 and HPV62). No increasing trend of HPV was observed over time. HPV presence did not correlate with better survival during the follow‐up. Smoking was proven as an independent factor in relation to the presence of HPV.ConclusionHPV may represent a notable factor in the development of a subset of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma without significant influence on overall and disease‐free survival. More studies, including oncogene transcription proteins, would be necessary to draw more relevant conclusions about the relevance of HPV infection in the larynx.
National Database Analysis of Single‐Level versus Multilevel Sleep Surgery
Authors: Brietzke Scott E. , Ishman Stacey L. , Cohen Seth , Cyr Derek D. , Shin Jennifer J. , Kezirian Eric J. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveRecent evidence suggests that multilevel sleep surgery improves outcomes when compared with palate surgery alone for most patients. The study objective was to compare demographic and outcomes data for palate surgery (uvulopalatopharyngoplasty [UPPP]) alone versus multilevel surgery through a national insurance claims database.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNational insurance claims database.Subjects and MethodsAn adult cohort undergoing single‐level UPPP versus UPPP with nasal and/or tongue/hypopharyngeal surgery was identified in the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Research Databases for the years 2010 through 2012. Demographic and outcomes data were assessed at short‐term (≤14 days), intermediate (15‐60 days), and long‐term (61‐183 days) intervals via a multivariate regression model adjusted for age, sex, geographic region, insurance type, and the Charlson‐Deyo comorbidity score. The primary long‐term complication considered was positive airway pressure (PAP) equipment supply, implying possible treatment failure.ResultsThe cohort included 14,633 patients: 7559 (51.6%), UPPP alone; 5219 (35.7%), UPPP + nasal surgery; 1164 (7.95%), UPPP + tongue/hypopharyngeal surgery; and 691 (4.7%), UPPP + nasal + tongue/hypopharyngeal surgery. Demographic data were similar among the groups. UPPP alone had lower rates of postoperative bleeding than UPPP + tongue/hypopharyngeal surgery (4.31% vs 6.19%, P =. 004). Multivariate modeling indicated that the addition of either nasal surgery (odds ratio = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.10‐1.34, P <. 001) or tongue/hypopharyngeal surgery (odds ratio = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.00‐1.32, P =. 048) to UPPP was associated with increased odds of postoperative continuous positive airway pressure.ConclusionsUPPP alone is currently the predominant form of sleep surgery in the United States. Multilevel surgery had greater odds of postoperative bleeding and positive airway pressure equipment supply than UPPP alone. Dedicated studies formally evaluating single‐ versus multilevel sleep surgery and the impact of possible surgeon/patient selection bias should be a priority.
Superior versus anteroinferior plating of displaced midshaft clavicular fracture in patients older than 60 years
Authors: Lu Minpeng , Qiu Hao , Zhou Xin , Lee Cody S , Jiang Dianming , Dong Jing , Quan Zhengxue 
Published: March 2017

Objective To compare superior versus anteroinferior plating for displaced midshaft clavicular fracture in elderly patients. Methods We retrospectively compared the functional result, parameters, and perioperative course of displaced midshaft clavicular fracture in 42 patients >60 years treated with a 3.5-mm reconstruction plate placed superiorly versus anteroinferiorly. Results Groups were similar with regard to age, sex, bone mineral density, cause of injury, and fracture pattern. The superiorly-plated group had a significantly longer operation time and greater blood loss, complications and implant prominence. Constant scores were significantly higher for the anteroinferiorly-plated group than the superiorly-plated group at 3 months postoperatively; however, there was no difference between groups at final follow-up. Conclusion While both anteroinferior and superior plate placement are safe and effective for displaced midclavicular fractures in patients >60 years, the anteroinferior approach involves less operation time, blood loss, complications and implant prominence, and enables faster return to normal activities.
β-catenin promotes intracellular bacterial killing via suppression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-triggered macrophage autophagy
Authors: Fu Qiang , Chen Kang , Zhu Qian , Wang Weijia , Huang Fuda , Miao Lishao , Wu Xinger 
Published: March 2017

Objective To investigate β-catenin-mediated bacterial elimination during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells. Methods Cell viability and catenin beta 1 ( CTNNB1) expression in RAW264.7 cells following P. aeruginosa infection versus uninfected cells, were detected by cell counting kit-8 assay and β-catenin Western blots. RAW264.7 cells with CTNNB1 overexpression were established with β-catenin lentivirus using flow cytometry and clonogenic limiting dilution assays. Bacterial killing was measured by plate counts; phagocytosis and nitric oxide (NO) were measured by flow cytometry; and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using Griess reaction. Autophagy was determined by microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate (LC3-II) protein levels and formation of LC3 puncta, using Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Results Following P. aeruginosa infection, RAW264.7 cell β-catenin levels were reduced in a time- and multiplicity of infection-dependent manner. CTNNB1 overexpression was associated with increased P. aeruginosa elimination, but had no effect on RAW264.7 cell phagocytosis, ROS and NO. CTNNB1 overexpression reduced LC3-II levels and formation of LC3 puncta, suggesting autophagy inhibition. Rapamycin/starvation-induced autophagy resulted in reduced bacterial killing following P. aeruginosa infection. Conclusion β-catenin may promote bacterial killing via suppression of P. aeruginosa-induced macrophage autophagy.
Rituximab as first-line treatment for acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Chen Haifei , Fu Ailin , Wang Jing , Wu Tianqin , Li Zhengyang , Tang Jieqing , Shen Hongshi , Zhu Jingjing , Li Jie , Zhu Qian , Qing Longmei 
Published: March 2017

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of rituximab (RTX) as first-line treatment of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP). Methods Twenty-five patients with acute aTTP and/or severe a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) deficiency were admitted to our centre from April 2009 to March 2015. Fourteen patients received RTX plus standard therapy (plasma exchange and corticosteroids) at acute episodes. Haemoglobin, platelet count, schistocytes, lactate dehydrogenase levels, ADAMTS13 activity and its inhibitors, and the ratio of B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, were monitored. The number of plasma exchange (PEXs), total plasma volume, remission time, relapse ratio, and adverse effects were recorded. Results The median number of PEXs was 5 (2–17) sessions and median total plasma volume was 168.43 ml/kg (62.86–469.52 ml/kg). Patients achieved haematological remission at a median of 15 days (5–22 days), and the median time of immunological remission was 2 weeks (2–8 weeks) with a median follow-up of 13 months (3–61 months). ADAMTS13 activity significantly increased after 2 weeks. The B lymphocyte percentage in peripheral blood was reduced 1 week after the first dose of RTX infusion compared with before treatment (2.21% ± 5.23% vs 18.47% ± 7.34%, P = 0.000 [the result of statistical software]), and began to gradually increase 9 months later. Severe adverse effects and relapsing TTP were not observed during therapy and follow-up. However, one patient who had sustained immunological remission died of severe pneumonia 7 months later. Conclusion Although our study was limited by its small sample number and it was a non-controlled, clinical trial, it showed potential benefits of RTX therapy for acute aTTP. RTX may be administered as a first-line therapy for lowering patients’ relapse rate in the long term. Randomized, controlled trials of RTX for aTTP are required.
Effect of the National Diabetes Prevention Program on Weight Loss for English- and Spanish-Speaking Latinos
Authors: Ritchie Natalie D. , Christoe-Frazier Liesel , McFann Kim K. , Havranek Edward P. , Pereira Rocio I. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose: To study the effect of the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) on weight loss in Latinos. Design: No-control, cohort study comparing Latino and non-Hispanic white (NHW) participants. Setting: A health-care system. Participants: Five hundred sixty-seven Latino and 175 NHW patients who enrolled in the NDPP. A total of 45.2% of Latinos selected the Spanish-language NDPP. Intervention: The NDPP is a nationwide translation of a clinical trial and seeks to prevent diabetes through weight loss in a yearlong group program. Measures: Independent variables included ethnicity, class language, and number of sessions attended. Main outcomes were initial attendance, number of sessions attended, and weight loss. Analysis: Multivariate logistic regression and analysis of covariance were used to determine differences in NDPP outcomes by ethnicity, language, and number of sessions attended. Results: Mean attendance was 8.60 of 22 sessions. Each session was associated with 0.30% (±0.02; P < .001) body weight loss. Latinos were half as likely to attend as NHWs, odds ratio 0.52 ( P < .001). Latino attendees came to 2.67 ± 0.63 ( P < .001) fewer sessions than NHWs. There were no weight loss differences by ethnicity after controlling for attendance. Outcomes did not differ among Latinos in the English- and Spanish-language NDPP. Conclusion: Latinos appeared to benefit less from the NDPP compared to NHWs, likely due to lower attendance rates. Further efforts are needed to support their participation.
The changing face of posttraumatic stress disorder in modern warfare
Authors: Wallace Duncan , Heffernan Kristi 
Published: March 2017

Objectives: This study examined aspects of modern warfare and determined whether they have changed the clinical presentation of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Conclusions: The relationship between PTSD, mild traumatic brain injury, unmanned aerial vehicle operations and women in combat examined. It was concluded that there are significant changes in how contemporary combat veterans may present with PTSD.
Association between ultrasonographic appearance of splenic parenchyma and cytology in cats
Authors: Bertal Mileva , Norman Carmel Eric , Diana Alessia , Desquilbet Loic , Specchi Swan , Pey Pascaline 
Published: March 2017

Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of a splenic mass or a diffusely moth-eaten parenchyma on ultrasonographic scans could represent potential criteria of malignancy in the feline spleen. Methods Feline patients with ultrasonographic images and cytological analysis of the spleen obtained by fine-needle aspiration were retrospectively included in a multicentre study. Results One hundred and ninety-five cats met our inclusion criteria. There was a lack of agreement between the moth-eaten ultrasonographic appearance of the spleen and the presence of a malignant neoplasia on cytological analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of a moth-eaten parenchyma for predicting malignant neoplastic disease were 13.2% and 84.8%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of a splenic mass >1 cm for predicting malignant neoplastic disease were 21.0% and 94.7%, respectively. A marbled appearance of the splenic parenchyma was significantly more frequent among patients examined with a high-frequency transducer (11–18 MHz) than among those examined with a low-frequency transducer (6.6–10 MHz) (27.6% vs 11.1%, respectively; P = 0.004). Similarly, although not statistically significant, a moth-eaten parenchyma was more frequent in the high-frequency transducer group than in the low-frequency group (17.1% vs 8.9%, respectively; P = 0.09). Conclusions and relevance Based on our findings, a moth-eaten ultrasonographic appearance of the spleen in cats does not necessarily reflect a lymphoma or another malignant neoplastic process on cytological analysis. The presence of a splenic mass >1 cm on ultrasound is suggestive of malignancy in cats. Finally, the transducer frequency must be taken into account when assessing the splenic parenchyma, as a high-frequency transducer seems to improve the detection of a marbled or moth-eaten parenchyma.
The role of linguistic cues in bilingual negation processing
Authors: Ćoso Bojana , Bogunović Irena 
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectives: A vast body of research has dealt with negation processing. There are many differences between negations across languages, which could influence negation processing in bilingual speakers. However, bilingual negation processing has rarely been experimentally investigated. This study aims at exploring whether highly proficient Croatian-English bilinguals are able to adequately adopt English negations, and whether linguistic cues from both languages have similar effect on negation processing. Methodology: A sentence–picture verification task was used to investigate the processing of affirmative sentences, sentential and constituent negations, Croatian negative concord and English sentences with negated subject. Data and analysis: 2 (language) × 4 (sentence type) × 2 (congruency) ANOVA with repeated measures was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results showed that the effect of language was not significant, except in the case of constituent negations which were processed faster in English. There was a significant difference between the processing of affirmative and negative sentences, as affirmatives were processed faster than negatives in both languages. Constituent negations in both languages were processed slower compared with other types of negations. Originality: The results suggest that strong linguistic cues, such as word order and quantifiers, influence negation processing in both languages, resulting in differences between different types of negations. The results are discussed in the light of two existing models of negation and sentence processing. A new model, as a combination of these two models, is proposed. Implications: The fact that there was no significant difference in negation processing between the bilinguals’ two languages supports the view that highly proficient successive bilinguals are able to adequately adopt negations in both their languages.
An additional bolus of rapid-acting insulin to normalise postprandial cardiovascular risk factors following a high-carbohydrate high-fat meal in patients with type 1 diabetes: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Campbell Matthew D , Walker Mark , Ajjan Ramzi A , Birch Karen M , Gonzalez Javier T , West Daniel J 
Published: March 2017

Aim: To evaluate an additional rapid-acting insulin bolus on postprandial lipaemia, inflammation and pro-coagulation following high-carbohydrate high-fat feeding in people with type 1 diabetes. Methods: A total of 10 males with type 1 diabetes [HbA1c 52.5 ± 5.9 mmol/mol (7.0% ± 0.5%)] underwent three conditions: (1) a low-fat (LF) meal with normal bolus insulin, (2), a high-fat (HF) meal with normal bolus insulin and (3) a high-fat meal with normal bolus insulin with an additional 30% insulin bolus administered 3-h post-meal (HFA). Meals had identical carbohydrate and protein content and bolus insulin dose determined by carbohydrate-counting. Blood was sampled periodically for 6-h post-meal and analysed for triglyceride, non-esterified-fatty acids, apolipoprotein B48, glucagon, tumour necrosis factor alpha, fibrinogen, human tissue factor activity and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Continuous glucose monitoring captured interstitial glucose responses. Results: Triglyceride concentrations following LF remained similar to baseline, whereas triglyceride levels following HF were significantly greater throughout the 6-h observation period. The additional insulin bolus (HFA) normalised triglyceride similarly to low fat 3–6 h following the meal. HF was associated with late postprandial elevations in tumour necrosis factor alpha, whereas LF and HFA was not. Fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and tissue factor pathway levels were similar between conditions. Conclusion: Additional bolus insulin 3 h following a high-carbohydrate high-fat meal prevents late rises in postprandial triglycerides and tumour necrosis factor alpha, thus improving cardiovascular risk profile.
Toward a Better Understanding of Psychological Symptoms in People Confronted With the Disappearance of a Loved One: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lenferink Lonneke I. M. , de Keijser Jos , Wessel Ineke , de Vries Doety , Boelen Paul A. 
Published: March 2017

Objective: The disappearance of a loved one is claimed to be the most stressful type of loss. The present review explores the empirical evidence relating to this claim. Specifically, it summarizes studies exploring the prevalence and correlates of psychological symptoms in relatives of missing persons as well as studies comparing levels of psychopathology in relatives of the disappeared and the deceased. Method: Two independent reviewers performed a systematic search in PsychINFO, Web of Science, and Medline, which resulted in 15 studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria. Eligible studies included quantitative peer-reviewed articles and dissertations that assessed psychopathology in relatives of missing person. Results: All reviewed studies were focused on disappearances due to war or state terrorism. Prevalence rates of psychopathology were mainly described in terms of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression and varied considerably among the studies. Number of experienced traumatic events and kinship to the missing person were identified as correlates of psychopathology. Comparative studies showed that psychopathology levels did not differ between relatives of missing and deceased persons. Conclusions: The small number of studies and the heterogeneity of the studies limit the understanding of psychopathology in those left behind. More knowledge about psychopathology postdisappearance could be gained by expanding the focus of research beyond disappearances due to war or state terrorism.
Emergent Carotid Thromboendarterectomy for Acute Symptomatic Occlusion of the Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery
Authors: Gunka Igor , Krajickova Dagmar , Lesko Michal , Jiska Stanislav , Raupach Jan , Lojik Miroslav , Maly Radovan 
Published: March 2017

Background: Strokes secondary to acute internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion are associated with an extremely poor prognosis. The best treatment approach in this setting is still unknown. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of emergent surgical revascularization of acute extracranial ICA occlusion in patients with minor to severe ischemic stroke. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using prospectively collected data of consecutive patients who underwent carotid thromboendarterectomy for symptomatic acute ICA occlusion during the period from January 2013 to December 2015. Primary outcomes were disability at 90 days assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and neurological deficit at discharge assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Secondary outcomes were the recanalization rate, 30-day overall mortality, and any intracerebral bleeding. Results: During the study period, a total of 6 patients (5 men and 1 woman) with a median age of 64 years (range: 58-84 years) underwent emergent reconstruction for acute symptomatic ICA occlusion within a median of 5.4 hours (range: 2.9-12.0 hours) after symptoms onset. The median presenting NIHSS score was 10.5 points (range: 4-21). Before surgery, 4 patients (66.7%) had been treated by systemic recombinant tissue plasminogen activator lysis. The median time interval between initiation of intravenous thrombolysis and carotid thromboendarterectomy was 117.5 minutes (range: 65-140 minutes). Patency of the ICA was achieved in all patients. On discharge, the median NIHSS score was 2 points (range: 0-11 points). There was no postoperative intracerebral hemorrhage and zero 30-day mortality rate. At 3 months, 5 patients (83.3%) had a good clinical outcome (mRS ≤ 2). Conclusion: Patients presenting with minor to severe ischemic stroke syndromes due to isolated extracranial ICA occlusion may benefit from emergent carotid revascularization. Thorough preoperative neuroimaging is essential to aid in selecting eligible candidates for acute surgical intervention.