bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing multiple pesticides in tobacco leaf using gas chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Chen Xiuping , Zhang Fang , Yao Heming , Wang Jiawei , Qi Dawei , Guo Yinlong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA method combining gas chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry has been developed for the simultaneous analysis of multiple pesticide residues in tobacco leaf. The retention index and high accurate masses of ions from the first‐stage and the second‐stage mass spectra of each pesticide were collected for qualitation and quantification. A total of 115 pesticides were evaluated. The extract from organic tobacco leaf was used as a model matrix. The limit of detection was <10 ng/mL, and the limit of quantification was in the range of 1–20 ng/mL for 95% of the tested pesticides. The correlation coefficients were >0.9900 for all tested pesticides. At three concentrations (10, 50, and 100 ng/mL), most compounds presented satisfactory recoveries ranging from 70 to 120% and good precision <20%. Finally, three tobacco leaf samples collected from a local market were analyzed. A total of three pesticides were found, including dimethachlon, triadimenol, and flumetralin. Each pesticide was confirmed by the presence of three ions at the expected retention index and mass. In conclusion, gas chromatography with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry appears to be one of the most efficient tools for the analysis of pesticide residues in tobacco leaf.
Preparation of iron‐based MIL‐101 functionalized polydopamine@Fe3O4 magnetic composites for extracting sulfonylurea herbicides from environmental water and vegetable samples
Authors: Deng Yulan , Zhang Ruiqi , Li Di , Sun Peng , Su Ping , Yang Yi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHere, we describe a simple one‐pot solvothermal method for synthesizing MIL‐101(Fe)@polydopamine@Fe3O4 composites from polydopamine‐modified Fe3O4 particles. The composite was used as a magnetic adsorbent to rapidly extract sulfonylurea herbicides. The herbicides were then analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The best possible extraction efficiencies were achieved by optimizing the most important extraction parameters, including desorption conditions, extraction time, adsorbent dose, salt concentration, and the pH of the solution. Good linearity was found (correlation coefficients >0.9991) over the herbicide concentration range 1–150 μg/L using the optimal conditions. The limits of detection (the concentrations giving signal/noise ratios of 3) were low, at 0.12–0.34 μg/L, and repeatability was good (the relative standard deviations were <4.8%, n = 6). The method was used successfully to determine four sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental water and vegetable samples, giving satisfactory recoveries of 87.1–108.9%. The extraction efficiency achieved using MIL‐101(Fe)@polydopamine@Fe3O4 was compared with the extraction efficiencies achieved using other magnetic composites (polydopamine@Fe3O4, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST)‐1@polydopamine@Fe3O4, and MIL‐100(Fe)@polydopamine@Fe3O4). The results showed that the magnetic MIL‐101(Fe)@polydopamine@Fe3O4 composites have great potential for the extraction of trace sulfonylurea herbicides from various sample types.
Carrier ampholyte‐free isoelectric focusing on a paper‐based analytical device for the fractionation of proteins
Authors: Xie Song‐Fang , Gao Han , Niu Li‐Li , Xie Zhen‐Sheng , Fang Fang , Wu Zhi‐Yong , Yang Fu‐Quan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIsoelectric focusing plays a critical role in the analysis of complex protein samples. Conventionally, isoelectric focusing is implemented with carrier ampholytes in capillary or immobilized pH gradient gel. In this study, we successfully exhibited a carrier ampholyte‐free isoelectric focusing on paper‐based analytical device. Proof of the concept was visually demonstrated with color model proteins. Experimental results showed that not only a pH gradient was well established along the open paper fluidic channel as confirmed by pH indicator strip, the pH gradient range could also be tuned by the catholyte or anolyte. Furthermore, the isoelectric focusing fractions from the paper channel can be directly cut and recovered into solutions for post analysis with sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. This paper‐based isoelectric focusing method is fast, cheap, simple and easy to operate, and could potentially be used as a cost‐effective protein sample clean‐up method for target protein analysis with mass spectrometry.
Genetic assessment wait time indicators in the High Risk Ontario Breast Screening Program
Authors: Eisen Andrea , Blackmore Kristina M. , Meschino Wendy S. , Muradali Derek , Carroll June C. , Majpruz Vicky , Warner Ellen , Rabeneck Linda , Chiarelli Anna M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe Ontario Breast Screening Program (OBSP) expanded in July 2011 to screen high‐risk women aged 30–69 with annual MRI and mammography. This study evaluated wait time (WT) indicators along the genetic assessment (GA) pathway for women referred to the High Risk OBSP.MethodsInformation was collected for 27,170 women referred to the High Risk OBSP from July 2011 to June 2015 and followed for GA until June 2016. Median duration (days), interquartile range (IQR) were measured for each WT indicator by program year, age, prior breast cancer, and risk criteria.ResultsAmong 24,811 women who completed GA, 16,367 (66.0%) had genetic counseling only, 8,444 (34.0%) had counseling and testing and 8,027 (32.4%) met the high risk criteria. Median WT from physician visit to first screen was longer for women having genetic counseling only compared to those having counseling and testing (244 vs. 197 days). Women having counseling only also experienced the longest WT from physician visit to genetic counseling (88 days; IQR = 10–174), which increased by year from 71 to 100 days (p < .0001). Among women having counseling and testing, WT from physician visit to counseling was shortest for mutation carriers (39 days; IQR = 4–100). Median WT from testing to laboratory report issue was 41 days (IQR = 22–70) and 17 days to disclosure of test results (IQR = 7–33). Both WTs decreased with year and were shorter for mutation carriers (33 days, IQR = 19–58; 15 days, IQR = 7–28, respectively).ConclusionsAfter implementation of the High Risk OBSP, women received timely genetic counseling, in particular those having counseling and testing. Effective triage models for physicians could reduce WT to GA after physician referral.
Characterization of D‐maltose as a T2‐exchange contrast agent for dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI
Authors: Goldenberg Joshua M. , Pagel Mark D. , Cárdenas‐Rodríguez Julio 
Published: January 2018

PurposeWe sought to investigate the potential of D‐maltose, D‐sorbitol, and D‐mannitol as T2 exchange magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. We also sought to compare the in vivo pharmacokinetics of D‐maltose with D‐glucose with dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) MRI.MethodsT1 and T2 relaxation time constants of the saccharides were measured using eight pH values and nine concentrations. The effect of echo spacing in a multiecho acquisition sequence used for the T2 measurement was evaluated for all samples. Finally, performances of D‐maltose and D‐glucose during T2‐weighted DCE‐MRI were compared in vivo.ResultsEstimated T2 relaxivities (r2) of D‐glucose and D‐maltose were highly and nonlinearly dependent on pH and echo spacing, reaching their maximum at pH = 7.0 (∼0.08 mM−1 s−1). The r2 values of D‐sorbitol and D‐mannitol were estimated to be ∼0.02 mM−1 s−1 and were invariant to pH and echo spacing for pH ≤7.0. The change in T2 in tumor and muscle tissues remained constant after administration of D‐maltose, whereas the change in T2 decreased in tumor and muscle after administration of D‐glucose. Therefore, D‐maltose has a longer time window for T2‐weighted DCE‐MRI in tumors.ConclusionWe have demonstrated that D‐maltose can be used as a T2 exchange MRI contrast agent. The larger, sustained T2‐weighted contrast from D‐maltose relative to D‐glucose has practical advantages for tumor diagnoses during T2‐weighted DCE‐MRI. Magn Reson Med 80:1158–1164, 2018. © 2018 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Feasibility of single‐shot multi‐level multi‐angle diffusion tensor imaging of the human cervical spinal cord at 7T
Authors: Massire Aurélien , Rasoanandrianina Henitsoa , Taso Manuel , Guye Maxime , Ranjeva Jean‐Philippe , Feiweier Thorsten , Callot Virginie 
Published: January 2018

PurposeDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which is frequently used to characterize microstructure impairments in many spinal cord diseases at clinical fields, may benefit from 7T investigations. Yet, it presents specific technical challenges, such as increased magnetic susceptibility‐induced image distortions.MethodsEight healthy volunteers were scanned at 7T using a prototype diffusion multi‐slice multi‐angle (MSMA) single‐shot spin‐echo echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence developed to explore the whole cervical spinal cord while limiting the partial volume effects related to the cord curvature. To mitigate the increased susceptibility‐induced distortions encountered at 7T, a reverse phase‐encoding strategy was also used. Images acquired from C1‐to‐C7 were registered to the AMU40 template to automatically extract DTI metrics in gray matter/white matter regions of interest. Effects of
inhomogeneities on the DTI metrics and repeatability of the measurements were also investigated. Lastly, a DTI acquisition with a 400‐µm in‐plane resolution was acquired on one volunteer to push forward 7T potentialities.ResultsThe MSMA sequence allowed accessing to high‐resolution axial diffusion images sampling the whole cord within a single acquisition. DTI metrics were found in agreement with literature at lower field, stable along a 50–120% relative
variation range, with a mean inter‐scan coefficient of variation of 8%. The two‐‐fold spatial‐resolution increase of the additional DTI acquisition enabled main white matter tracts visualization on a single‐subject basis.ConclusionAlthough C7‐level imaging needs some improvement, this preliminary study shows that transverse 7T DTI of the whole cervical spinal cord is feasible, laying the groundwork for improved multi‐parametric MR investigations and microstructure characterization of the spinal cord. Magn Reson Med 80:947–957, 2018. © 2018 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Cardiac‐triggered pseudo‐continuous arterial‐spin‐labeling: A cost‐effective scheme to further enhance the reliability of arterial‐spin‐labeling MRI
Authors: Li Yang , Mao Deng , Li Zhiqiang , Schär Michael , Pillai Jay J. , Pipe James G. , Lu Hanzhang 
Published: January 2018

PurposeArterial‐spin‐labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is intrinsically a low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) technique. This study aims to enhance its sensitivity by quantifying physiological noise attributed to cardiac pulsation and devising an improved sequence, cardiac‐triggered ASL, to minimize this noise.MethodsA total of 16 healthy subjects were studied on a 3 Tesla MRI system. The influence of cardiac pulsation on pseudo‐continuous ASL (pCASL) signal was first investigated by performing a regular pCASL sequence while the cardiac phase of the image acquisition was recorded by a pulse oximeter. We then designed a new sequence, cardiac‐triggered pCASL, to align the cardiac phases of the control and labeled scans. The performance of the new sequence was evaluated in the context of single‐shot 3D gradient‐and‐spin‐echo acquisition, multishot 3D spiral acquisition, and hypercapnia‐induced cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes.ResultsIn regular pCASL, the signal intensities of both control and labeled images were strongly modulated by the cardiac phase. In single‐shot acquisitions, this results in signal instability in regions near large vessels. In segmented acquisitions, it results in ghosting artifacts in the image and, furthermore, the signal fluctuation is smeared along the segmentation direction to affect more brain regions. Cardiac‐triggered pCASL enhanced the temporal SNR by 94% and 28% in single‐shot and segmented 3D acquisition, respectively. When applied to detect CBF changes, the triggered sequence revealed a greater statistical power in terms of both the number of significant voxels and t‐score histograms.ConclusionCardiac‐triggered pCASL represents a potential scheme to enhance the reliability of ASL signal. Magn Reson Med 80:969–975, 2018. © 2018 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Use of superheroes social skills with middle school‐age students with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Murphy Ashley N. , Radley Keith C. , Helbig Kate A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe current study evaluated use of the Superheroes Social Skills program as a means of increasing social skill accuracy in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Participants included four Caucasian male students that were eligible for special education services within the autism category. Social skills training was presented twice weekly for 9 weeks. The results demonstrated that implementation of the intervention improved social skill accuracy within the training setting as indicated by visual analysis and nonoverlap of all pairs. Additionally, improvements in social skill accuracy during probes conducted within the classroom with typically developing peers was observed. Despite improvements in social skill accuracy in both settings, sociometric status of participants demonstrated little change from baseline to postintervention.
Addressing trauma in schools: Multitiered service delivery options for practitioners
Authors: Reinbergs Erik J. , Fefer Sarah A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHundreds of thousands of children are confronted with traumatic experiences each year in the United States. As trauma‐informed care begins to take hold in schools, school mental health providers (e.g., school psychologists, counselors, and social workers) desire concrete service‐delivery options for students affected by trauma. This article provides examples from the literature via a narrative review of assessment, intervention, and practitioner support options related to childhood trauma. Specific attention is paid to framing concrete school‐based trauma service‐delivery options within a multitiered systems of support model to align with existing school practices. Given the large amount of literature on this topic, this article aims to reduce the barriers practitioners face when looking to implement trauma services in their schools by organizing example practices from the literature in a commonly used service‐delivery framework.
The self‐assembly over nano‐ to submicro‐length scales in water of a fluorescent julolidine‐labeled amphiphilic random terpolymer
Authors: Guazzelli Elisa , Masotti Elena , Biver Tarita , Pucci Andrea , Martinelli Elisa , Galli Giancarlo 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTA novel fluorescent‐labeled amphiphilic random terpolymer is synthesized by controlled radical polymerization of a fluorescent molecular rotor monomer, 2‐cyano‐2‐[4‐vinyl(1,1′‐biphenyl)‐4′‐yl]vinyljulolidine, a hydrophilic monomer, poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate, and a hydrophobic monomer, perfluorohexylethyl acrylate. Combined dynamic light scattering and fluorescence emission spectroscopy measurements are used to investigate its self‐assembly in water solution. Self‐assembled nanostructures with a hydrodynamic diameter size Dh of 4 ± 1 nm are detected due to the single‐chain folding of the terpolymer in unimer micelles. The fluorescence emission intensity of the terpolymer in water solution is found to be one order of magnitude higher than that in organic solvents, as a result of the preferential encapsulation of the julolidine co‐units in hydrophobic compartments of the unimer micelles. The temperature dependence of the self‐associative behavior of the amphiphilic terpolymer is also investigated and a critical temperature is identified at which a transition between single‐chain unimer micelles and multi‐chain aggregates (Dh = 400 ± 40 nm) reversibly takes place on heating–cooling cycles. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 797–804
Health care professionals' perspective on return to work in cancer survivors
Authors: Yagil Dana , Eshed‐Lavi Nofar , Carel Rafi , Cohen Miri 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveHealth care professionals play a significant role in cancer survivors' decisions regarding return to work (RTW). While there is ample research about cancer survivors' views on RTW, little is known about the views of the professionals who accompany them from diagnosis to recovery. The study explores professionals' perceptions of cancer survivors in the RTW context, as well as their views about their own role in the process.MethodsIn‐depth interviews (N = 26) with professionals specializing in physical or mental health working with working‐age cancer survivors: occupational physicians, oncologists, oncology nurses, social workers, and psychologists specializing in oncology.ResultsAn analysis of the interviews revealed 2 prominent perceptual dimensions among professionals: the cancer survivor's motivation to RTW and understanding illness‐related implications upon returning to work. The 2 dimensions imply the following 4 groups of cancer survivors in the RTW context, as viewed by health professionals: the “realist,” the “enthusiast,” the “switcher,” and the “worrier.” The results also indicate that social workers and psychologists view their role in terms of jointly discussing options and implications with the cancer survivor, while physicians and nurses view their role more in terms of providing information and suggestions.ConclusionsThe training of professionals should increase awareness of the assumptions they make about cancer survivors in regard to RTW. Additionally, training might elaborate professionals' view of their role in the interaction with cancer survivors regarding RTW.
Discussion of Entanglement Entropy in Quantum Gravity
Authors: Ma Chen‐Te 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe study entanglement entropy in gravity theory with quantum effects. A simplest model is a two dimensional Einstein gravity theory. We use an n‐sheet manifold to obtain an area term of entanglement entropy by summing over all background fields. Based on AdS/CFT correspondence, strongly coupled conformal field theory is expected to describe perturbative quantum gravity theory. An ultraviolet complete quantum gravity theory should not depend on a choice of an entangling surface. To analysis the problem explicitly, we analyze two dimensional conformal field theory. We find that a coefficient of a universal term of entanglement entropy is independent of a choice of an entangling surface in two dimensional conformal field theory for one interval to show a tentative evidence. Finally, we discuss that translational invariance in a quantum system at zero temperature, size goes to infinity and no mass scales, except for cut‐off, possibly be a necessary condition in quantum gravity theory by ruing out a volume law of entanglement entropy.
Anatomical localization and clinical impact of sentinel lymph nodes based on patterns of pelvic lymphatic drainage in clinically localized prostate cancer
Authors: Miki Jun , Yanagisawa Takafumi , Tsuzuki Shunsuke , Mori Keiichiro , Urabe Fumihiko , Kayano Sotaro , Yorozu Takashi , Sato Shun , Kimura Takahiro , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Kishimoto Koichi , Egawa Shin 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundAlthough sentinel lymph node in prostate has been generating renewed interest, its significance remains controversial due to inadequate evidence.MethodsWe reviewed a prospective cohort of 50 consecutive patients with intermediate‐ to high‐risk localized prostate cancer who had undergone laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Sentinel lymph node biopsy by fluorescence detection using intraoperative imaging with indocyanine green and backup extended pelvic lymph node dissection were conducted prior to prostatectomy. Intraoperative and pathological findings were elaborated and compared for confirmation.ResultsSentinel lymph nodes were successfully identified in 47 patients (94%). A median of four sentinel lymph nodes was detected per patient. Lymph node metastasis was confirmed in six patients (12%), all of whom had positive sentinel lymph nodes. Three typical pathways of lymphatic drainage related to sentinel lymph nodes from the prostate were recognized. Ninety‐one percent of the positive sentinel lymph nodes (10/11) were located at two predominant sites along these characteristic lymphatic pathways. One site was the junctional nodes, located at the junction between internal and external iliac vessels. The other was the distal internal iliac nodes, located along the inferior vesical artery.ConclusionsOver 90% of positive sentinel lymph nodes were identified at two predominant sites. Priority should be given to the removal of these sentinel lymph nodes, which are located closer to the prostate, in pelvic lymph node dissection. Particular attention should be paid to identifying these nodes to reduce the possibility of overlooking lymph node metastasis.
Superior anticancer activity is demonstrated by total extract of Curcuma longa L. as opposed to individual curcuminoids separated by centrifugal partition chromatography
Authors: Kukula‐Koch Wirginia , Grabarska Aneta , Łuszczki Jarogniew , Czernicka Lidia , Nowosadzka Ewa , Gumbarewicz Ewelina , Jarząb Agata , Audo Gregoire , Upadhyay Shakti , Głowniak Kazimierz , Stepulak Andrzej 
Published: January 2018

Three curcuminoids: bisdemethoxycurcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and curcumin from turmeric were successfully separated by a high capacity solvent system composed of heptane: chloroform: methanol: water mixture (5: 6: 3: 2 v/v/v/v) tailored for centrifugal partition chromatographs at K‐values of 0.504, 1.057, 1.644, respectively. These three ferulic acid derivatives obtained at a purity rate exceeding 95% were analysed by an HPLC‐MS spectrometer. Turmeric extract inhibited the proliferation/viability of A549 human lung cancer, HT29 colon cancer, and T98G glioblastoma cell lines in (3‐[4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl]‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction assay (MTT). Single curcuminoids significantly decreased the viability/proliferation of lung cancer cells in a dose‐dependent manner. However, total extract displayed the superior anticancer activity in the investigated cell lines. Crude extract in combination with cisplatin augmented the decrease in the viability of cancer cells compared with single compound treatment in A549 lung cancer cells. Total extract of Curcuma longa could be regarded as being more effective against lung cancer cells in vitro than its separated compounds.