bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of icariin on wound healing of extraction sites with administration of zoledronic and dexamethasone: A rat model study
Authors: Liu Jie , Mattheos Nikos , Su Cheng , Deng Chuanxi , Luo Nanyu , Wang Zekun , Tang Hua 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveThis study was intended to investigate the effects of icariin on the healing of tooth extraction sites under the systemic administration of zoledronic and dexamethasone.MethodThirty female rats underwent bilateral ovariectomy and were randomly assigned to 5 groups: SS group received a weekly injection of saline, while ZD, ZD + LICA, ZD + MICA, and ZD + HICA groups received zoledronic with dexamethasone for 8 weeks. One week later, mandibular first molars were extracted in all groups. Then, 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg icariin were intragastrically given to ZD + LICA, ZD + MICA, and ZD + HICA groups daily for 10 weeks, while saline was given to SS group and ZD group. Blood samples and mandibles were harvested for examinations after 10 weeks.ResultsSignificantly smaller wound area was noted in SS and ZD + HICA groups, but the incidence of bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) was not significantly different. Groups injected with zoledronic and dexamethasone had higher C‐terminal cross‐linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX‐1), tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP 5b), and the number of osteoclast cells, with less vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and osteocalcin (OCN). In contrast, CTX‐1, TRACP 5b, and the number of osteoclast cells declined after using icariin and promoted VEGF and OCN were noted and the effects were in a dosage‐dependent manner.ConclusionConcurrent use of zoledronic and dexamethasone inhibits the expression of VEGF, OCN, and wound healing and increases the number of osteoclast cells, serum CTX‐1, and TRACP‐5b after discontinuation for 10 weeks. Icariin weakens those effects in a dose‐dependent manner but does not influence the onset of BRONJ.
Endogenous economic growth with disembodied knowledge
Authors: Marchese Carla , Privileggi Fabio 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMainstream endogenous growth models assume that new knowledge is embodied into either new intermediate or final goods, monopolistically supplied by the patent holder. Recent technological progress, however, often gives rise to pure intellectual contents, such as software codes or business models, directly usable in the production of final goods. Once a content of this type has been produced, it is in fixed supply, that is, the inventor can only rent it out (or sell it) or not; hence, the quantity restriction typical of monopoly cannot arise, while competition is viable. We show that, however, as long as the inventor owning a patent can control through license activation devices the access to the intellectual content of the workers using her invention in the final goods production, monopolistic exploitation becomes viable and will occur. It turns out that in this framework, the income share of labor is smaller than in the Lab‐Equipment economy, which represents the setting closest to our model. Moreover, with elastic labor supply labor employment is also negatively impacted. This implies that some standard public policies devised for correcting inefficiencies in development may perform poorly in this framework.
Brontë Violations: Liminality, Transgression, and Lesbian Erotics in Charlotte Brontë'sJane Eyre
Authors: Morse Deborah Denenholz 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAmong the many 2016 works celebrating Charlotte Brontë's life and work in her bicentenary year, several essays were published that urge reinterpretation of her sexuality. Influenced by decades of work in gender studies, these essays intervene not only in Brontë scholarship but also more widely in long‐running debates on lesbian historiography of the 19th century that considers whether erotic attraction between women was manifested in passionate “romantic” friendship or in sexual practice.Jane Eyreincludes deep currents of lesbian desire, a reading that violently upends the marriage plot. The intense friendships that Jane finds with other women throughout her narrative pilgrimage have traditionally been viewed in Brontë scholarship from a biographical perspective or through the feminist lens of female community. This essay argues instead that Jane's Lowood relationships with Miss Temple and even more with Helen Burns are erotic, with desire and consummation frustrated. Further, memoirist and visual artist Jane painstakingly delineates other women in sketches or paintings as well as in her narrative, displaying a transgressive expression of lesbian desire under the cover of conventional feminine auspices that is most evident in the miniatures she creates of Blanche Ingram and Rosamond Oliver. If the most canonical Brontë novel – and one of the most canonical of all Victorian novels – can be newly interpreted in relation to lesbian desire, there is undoubtedly even more exciting scholarship to come not only on the Brontës' life and work but also on other Victorian novelists, particularly noncanonical writers.
Short‐term outcomes of paediatric liver transplant recipients after transition to Adult Healthcare Service
Authors: Ferrarese Alberto , Germani Giacomo , Lazzaro Silvia , Cananzi Mara , Russo Francesco Paolo , Senzolo Marco , Gambato Martina , Zanetto Alberto , Cillo Umberto , Gringeri Enrico , Perilongo Giorgio , Burra Patrizia 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsSurvival rates after liver transplantation (LT) in paediatric recipients have significantly improved over time. However, data regarding outcomes after transition from Paediatric to Adult Healthcare Service (AHS) are still lacking. Therefore, we aimed to prospectively evaluate the outcome of LT recipients after transition, to access patients' non‐adherence and identify potential risk factors for non‐adherence.MethodsAll consecutive adolescent LT recipients moving to the AHS at Padua University Hospital were evaluated between 2010 and 2015. Demographic data, liver function tests, incidence of acute or chronic rejection episodes and adherence to medical prescription, were prospectively evaluated. An educational pilot study was implemented since 2015 to foster adherence during transition.ResultsIn all, 32 patients (M/F 16/16, median age: 23 years) were evaluated. Median interval time between LT and transition was 15 years (range: 1‐26 years). The main indication for LT was biliary atresia (31%), whereas immunosuppression regimen was tacrolimus‐based in 75%. After a median follow‐up of 29 months (range: 12‐83), no significant modifications of liver function tests were observed. Biopsy‐proven chronic rejection was diagnosed in 6/32 (18%) of patients, who had higher standard deviation of tacrolimus trough level than patients without (1.5 vs 1, P = .03). Non‐adherence was reported in 8/32 (25%) of patients and was significantly associated with alcohol consumption (P = .003). Patient and graft survival were 96% and 93%, respectively.ConclusionsAdolescent LT patients who undergo transition to the AHS have good long‐term outcomes. However, a multidisciplinary approach aiming at fostering adherence should be used.
Species selection under long‐term experimental warming and drought explained by climatic distributions
Authors: Liu Daijun , Peñuelas Josep , Ogaya Romà , Estiarte Marc , Tielbörger Katja , Slowik Fabian , Yang Xiaohong , Bilton Mark C. 
Published: December 2017

Summary

Global warming and reduced precipitation may trigger large‐scale species losses and vegetation shifts in ecosystems around the world. However, currently lacking are practical ways to quantify the sensitivity of species and community composition to these often‐confounded climatic forces.

Here we conducted long‐term (16 yr) nocturnal‐warming (+0.6°C) and reduced precipitation (−20% soil moisture) experiments in a Mediterranean shrubland. Climatic niche groups (CNGs) – species ranked or classified by similar temperature or precipitation distributions – informatively described community responses under experimental manipulations.

Under warming, CNGs revealed that only those species distributed in cooler regions decreased. Correspondingly, under reduced precipitation, a U‐shaped treatment effect observed in the total community was the result of an abrupt decrease in wet‐distributed species, followed by a delayed increase in dry‐distributed species. Notably, while partially correlated, CNG explanations of community response were stronger for their respective climate parameter, suggesting some species possess specific adaptations to either warming or drought that may lead to independent selection to the two climatic variables.

Our findings indicate that when climatic distributions are combined with experiments, the resulting incorporation of local plant evolutionary strategies and their changing dynamics over time leads to predictable and informative shifts in community structure under independent climate change scenarios.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduce nitrous oxide emissions from N2O hotspots
Authors: Storer Kate , Coggan Aisha , Ineson Phil , Hodge Angela 
Published: December 2017

Summary

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent, globally important, greenhouse gas, predominantly released from agricultural soils during nitrogen (N) cycling. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a mutualistic symbiosis with two‐thirds of land plants, providing phosphorus and/or N in exchange for carbon. As AMF acquire N, it was hypothesized that AMF hyphae may reduce N2O production.

AMF hyphae were either allowed (AMF) or prevented (nonAMF) access to a compartment containing an organic matter and soil patch in two independent microcosm experiments. Compartment and patch N2O production was measured both before and after addition of ammonium and nitrate.

In both experiments, N2O production decreased when AMF hyphae were present before inorganic N addition. In the presence of AMF hyphae, N2O production remained low following ammonium application, but increased in the nonAMF controls. By contrast, negligible N2O was produced following nitrate application to either AMF treatment.

Thus, the main N2O source in this system appeared to be via nitrification, and the production of N2O was reduced in the presence of AMF hyphae. It is hypothesized that AMF hyphae may be outcompeting slow‐growing nitrifiers for ammonium. This has significant global implications for our understanding of soil N cycling pathways and N2O production.
Evolution of microRNA827 targeting in the plant kingdom
Authors: Lin Wei‐Yi , Lin Yen‐Yu , Chiang Su‐Fen , Syu Cueihuan , Hsieh Li‐Ching , Chiou Tzyy‐Jen 
Published: December 2017

Summary

Unlike most ancient microRNAs, which conservatively target homologous genes across species, microRNA827 (miR827) targets two different types of SPX (SYG1/PHO81/XPR1)‐domain‐containing genes, NITROGEN LIMITATION ADAPTATION (NLA) and PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 5 (PHT5), in Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa to regulate phosphate (Pi) transport and storage, respectively. However, how miR827 shifted its target preference and its evolutionary history are unknown.

Based on target prediction analysis, we found that in most angiosperms, miR827 conservatively targets PHT5 homologs, but in Brassicaceae and Cleomaceae it preferentially targets NLA homologs, and we provide evidence for the transition of target preference during Brassicales evolution. Intriguingly, we found a lineage‐specific loss of the miR827‐regulatory module in legumes.

Analysis of miR827‐mediated cleavage efficiency and the expression of PHT5 in A. thaliana indicated that accumulation of mutations in the target site and the exclusion of the target site by alternative transcriptional initiation eliminated PHT5 targeting by miR827.

Here, we identified a transition of miR827 target preference during plant evolution and revealed the uniqueness of miR827‐mediated regulation among conserved plant miRNAs. Despite the change in its target preference, upregulation of miR827 by Pi starvation and its role in regulating cellular Pi homeostasis were retained.
Acral‐accentuated exanthem in an infant with parechovirus meningitis
Authors: Lee Dawn , Loh Sin Wee , Tan Juliet , Chong Jinho 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe report a case of an infant who had presented with fever and an acral‐accentuated rash, for which his cerebrospinal fluid returned positive for parechovirus. He was treated symptomatically and discharged well, with no long‐term complications.
Obesity in elementary school children after the Great East Japan Earthquake
Authors: Moriyama Hidenori , Fuchimukai Toru , Kondo Naoki , Takayama John I 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundRikuzentakata was one of the cities most devastated by the Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011. Many buildings were swept away or destroyed and affected families were placed into temporary housing. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of long‐term temporary housing on the body mass index (BMI) of elementary school children living in Rikuzentakata City.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was carried out of students attending 1st–3rd grade in 2010, and 4th–6th grade in 2013, in eight elementary schools in Rikuzentakata City. Height and weight were measured annually. We compared changes in BMI between children in temporary housing and those in permanent housing. Separately, parents of students attending one of the elementary schools were surveyed in 2013.ResultsOf 526 children in the present study, 32% were living in temporary housing. The prevalence of obesity climbed from 5.3% in 2010 to 7.8% in 2013 in the temporary housing group, and from 7.6% to 7.8% in the permanent housing group. BMI z‐score in the temporary housing group increased by 0.102 points between 2010 and 2013 (P < 0.02). Children in temporary housing spent more time reading comic books and their walking commute time had decreased by 2 min compared with before the disaster.ConclusionObesity prevalence and BMI z‐score increased in children in temporary housing compared with permanent housing. A more sedentary lifestyle may explain this trend. It is important for policy makers and health‐care providers to recognize potential consequences of long‐term residence in temporary housing.
Using the CAUSE Model to Understand Public Communication about Water Risks: Perspectives from Texas Groundwater District Officials on Drought and Availability
Authors: VanDyke Matthew S. , King Andy J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPublic communication about drought and water availability risks poses challenges to a potentially disinterested public. Water management professionals, though, have a responsibility to work with the public to engage in communication about water and environmental risks. Because limited research in water management examines organizational communication practices and perceptions, insights into research and practice can be gained through investigation of current applications of these risk communication efforts. Guided by the CAUSE model, which explains common goals in communicating risk information to the public (e.g., creating Confidence, generating Awareness, enhancing Understanding, gaining Satisfaction, and motivating Enactment), semistructured interviews of professionals (N = 25) employed by Texas groundwater conservation districts were conducted. The interviews examined how CAUSE model considerations factor in to communication about drought and water availability risks. These data suggest that many work to build constituents’ confidence in their districts. Although audiences and constituents living in drought‐prone areas were reported as being engaged with water availability risks and solutions, many district officials noted constituents’ lack of perceived risk and engagement. Some managers also indicated that public understanding was a secondary concern of their primary responsibilities and that the public often seemed apathetic about technical details related to water conservation risks. Overall, results suggest complicated dynamics between officials and the public regarding information access and motivation. The article also outlines extensions of the CAUSE model and implications for improving public communication about drought and water availability risks.
Yoga training modulates adipokines in adults with high‐normal blood pressure and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Supriya Rashmi , Yu Angus P. , Lee Paul H. , Lai Christopher W. , Cheng Kenneth K. , Yau Sonata Y. , Chan Lawrence W. , Yung Benjamin Y. , Siu Parco M. 
Published: December 2017

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Our previous study indicated that people with MetS showed a decrease in waist circumference and a decreasing trend in blood pressure after 1‐year yoga. This study investigated the effect of yoga on MetS people with high‐normal blood pressure by exploring modulations in proinflammatory adipokines (leptin, chemerin, visfatin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 or PAI‐1) and an anti‐inflammatory adipokine (adiponectin). A total of 97 Hong Kong Chinese individuals aged 57.6 ± 9.1 years with MetS and high‐normal blood pressure were randomly assigned to control (n = 45) and yoga groups (n = 52). Participants in the control group were not given any intervention but were contacted monthly to monitor their health status. Participants in the yoga group underwent a yoga training program with three 1‐hour yoga sessions weekly for 1 year. The participants’ sera were harvested and assessed for adipokines. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to examine the interaction effect between 1‐year time (pre vs post), and intervention (control vs yoga). GEE analyses revealed significant interaction effects between 1‐year time and yoga intervention for the decreases in leptin and chemerin and the increase in adiponectin concentration in the sera examined. These results demonstrated that 1‐year yoga training decreased proinflammatory adipokines and increased anti‐inflammatory adipokine in adults with MetS and high‐normal blood pressure. These findings support the beneficial role of yoga in managing MetS by favorably modulating adipokines.
Within‐day energy deficiency and reproductive function in female endurance athletes
Authors: Fahrenholtz I. L. , Sjödin A. , Benardot D. , Tornberg Å. B. , Skouby S. , Faber J. , Sundgot‐Borgen J. K. , Melin A. K. 
Published: December 2017

We aimed to estimate and compare within‐day energy balance (WDEB) in athletes with eumenorrhea and menstrual dysfunction (MD) with similar 24‐hour energy availability/energy balance (EA/EB). Furthermore, to investigate whether within‐day energy deficiency is associated with resting metabolic rate (RMR), body composition, S‐cortisol, estradiol, T3, and fasting blood glucose. We reanalyzed 7‐day dietary intake and energy expenditure data in 25 elite endurance athletes with eumenorrhea (n = 10) and MD (n = 15) from a group of 45 subjects where those with disordered eating behaviors (n = 11), MD not related to low EA (n = 5), and low dietary record validity (n = 4) had been excluded. Besides gynecological examination and disordered eating evaluation, the protocol included RMR measurement; assessment of body composition by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry, blood plasma analysis, and calculation of WDEB in 1‐hour intervals. Subjects with MD spent more hours in a catabolic state compared to eumenorrheic athletes; WDEB < 0 kcal: 23.0 hour (20.8‐23.4) vs 21.1 hour (4.7‐22.3), P = .048; WDEB < −300 kcal: 21.8 hour (17.8‐22.4) vs 17.6 hour (3.9‐20.9), P = .043, although similar 24‐hour EA: 35.6 (11.6) vs 41.3 (12.7) kcal/kg FFM/d, (P = .269), and EB: −659 (551) vs −313 (596) kcal/d, (P = .160). Hours with WDEB <0 kcal and <−300 kcal were inversely associated with RMRratio (r = −.487, P = .013, r = −.472, P = .018), and estradiol (r = −.433, P = .034, r = −.516, P = .009), and positively associated with cortisol (r = .442, P = .027, r = .463, P = .019). In conclusion, although similar 24‐hour EA/EB, the reanalysis revealed that MD athletes spent more time in a catabolic state compared to eumenorrheic athletes. Within‐day energy deficiency was associated with clinical markers of metabolic disturbances.
Culture and attention: Recent empirical findings and new directions in cultural psychology
Authors: Masuda Takahiko 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOver the past 3 decades, cultural psychologists have empirically investigated the influence of cultural meaning systems on human psychology. Under the rubric of holistic versus analytic thought, researchers have demonstrated that there are substantial cultural variations in social cognition, and that such variations are observable even in so‐called fundamental psychological processes, such as attention. The aim of this paper is to review 3 major themes in culture and attention: (1) culture and attention to nonsocial scenes, (2) culture and attention to social scenes, and (3) culture and aesthetics. The paper also discusses 4 major strands of research that could be considered important candidates to further advance the understanding of culture and attention: (1) research on “culture ➔ human psychological processes,” where we investigate how culture influences modes of attention; (2) research on “human psychology ➔ cultural processes,” where we investigate how those who hold a specific mode of attention create cultural products and tangible representations of culturally shared meanings; (3) research on cultural neuroscience, where we investigate underlying mechanisms and processes of specific modes of attention; and (4) research on cultural transmission processes, where we investigate how specific modes of attention is taught by adults and internalized by children.
Apply Robust Proportional Integral Derivative Controller to a Fuel Cell Gas Turbine
Authors: Emami Tooran , Tsai Alex , Tucker David 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The performance of a 300 kW solid oxide fuel cell gas turbine (SOFC-GT) pilot power plant simulator is evaluated by applying a set of robust proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers that satisfy time delay and gain uncertainties of the SOFC-GT system. The actuators are a fuel valve (FV) that models the fuel cell (FC) thermal exhaust, and a cold-air (CA) valve which bypasses airflow rate from the FC cathode. The robust PID controller results for the upper and lower boundary of uncertain gains are presented first, followed by a design for the upper and lower boundary of uncertain time delays process for both, FV and CA bypass valves. The final design incorporates the combined uncertain gain and the time delay modeling for the upper and lower boundary of both actuators. This multiple-input multiple-output technique is beneficial to plants having a wide range of operation and a strong parameter interaction. The practical implementation of the PID controllers and the set point responses are presented through simulation in the matlab/simulink environment.