bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalized Intervention Strategy Based on a Risk Score Generated From Subcutaneous Insertable Cardiac Monitor: Results From Phase 1 of ALLEVIATE‐HF
Authors: Kahwash Rami , Zile Michael R. , Chalasani Prasad , Bertolet Barry , Gravelin Laura , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Wehking Jennifer , Van Dorn Brian , Sarkar Shantanu , Laager Verla , Gerritse Bart , Laechelt Aimee , Butler Javed ,   the ALLEVIATE‐HF Phase I Investigators
Published: October 2024

Background
Diagnostic variables from insertable cardiac monitors may be useful in identifying patients at increased risk of heart failure (HF) events. High‐risk alerts must be coupled with interventions to improve outcomes. We aim to assess the safety of a predefined protocolized intervention pathway activated by insertable cardiac monitor high‐risk alerts.

Methods and Results
ALLEVIATE‐HF (Algorithm Using LINQ Sensors for Evaluation and Treatment of Heart Failure) Phase 1 was a randomized interventional study enrolling patients with New York Heart Association class II/III and a recent HF event. A HF risk score based on insertable cardiac monitor diagnostics, including impedance, respiration rate, atrial fibrillation burden, heart rate during atrial fibrillation, heart rate variability, and activity duration, was calculated. A protocolized intervention pathway was activated when high‐risk scores were detected that involved physician‐prescribed nurse‐implemented uptitration of diuretic for 4 days, unless safety rule‐out conditions were met. Interventions could be repeated if high‐risk scores persisted and did not require worsening symptoms. In total, 59 patients were randomized (mean age 68.2±11.8 years; 59.3% male); 67.8% with ejection fraction ≥50%. The mean follow‐up was 11.8±8.1 months. Overall, 146 high‐risk scores were recorded in 33 patients and 118 interventions occurred in 75 (51.4%) high‐risk alerts that did not meet safety rule‐out criteria. There were no serious adverse events and 13 adverse events related to interventions. In patients with symptoms at intervention initiation, symptoms resolved in 37 interventions (80%) and worsened in 8 (17%). In asymptomatic patients, symptoms developed in 3 interventions (7%).

Conclusions
A personalized medication intervention based on insertable cardiac monitor risk score can be safely instituted in patients with HF, irrespective of symptoms.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT04452149.
Statin Therapy Reduces Radiation‐Induced Cardiotoxicity in Patients With Breast Cancer Receiving Adjuvant Radiotherapy
Authors: Huang Yan‐Jiun , Lin Jui‐An , Chen Wan‐Ming , Shia Ben‐Chang , Wu Szu‐Yuan 
Published: October 2024

Background
To evaluate the efficacy of statin therapy in reducing major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk among patients with breast cancer undergoing breast‐conserving surgery and adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy.

Methods and Results
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry Database linked to the National Health Insurance Research Database. Patients diagnosed with left‐sided early breast invasive ductal carcinoma between 2016 and 2019 were included. Propensity score matching was employed to compare MACE risk between statin users and nonusers. Cox regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for MACE, considering cumulative defined daily doses and daily defined doses of statins. Among 1481 patients undergoing breast‐conserving surgery and adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy, statin use significantly reduced MACE risk (aHR, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.25–0.44]). Hydrophilic statins, particularly rosuvastatin and pravastatin, demonstrated the greatest risk reduction. Higher cumulative defined daily doses and daily intensity doses of statins were associated with lower MACE risk, indicating a dose–response relationship. The 5‐year cumulative incidence of MACE was significantly lower in statin users compared with nonusers (12.24% versus 31.70%).

Conclusions
Statin therapy is associated with a reduced risk of MACE in patients with breast cancer undergoing breast‐conserving surgery and adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy. Hydrophilic statins rosuvastatin and pravastatin exhibit the most pronounced cardioprotective effects. These findings suggest a potential role for statins in mitigating cardiovascular complications in this population and highlight the need for further research to optimize statin therapy in survivors of breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy.
Burden and Temporal Trends of Valvular Heart Disease‐Related Heart Failure From 1990 to 2019 and Projection Up to 2030 in Group of 20 Countries: An Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Zhang Shenghui , Liu Cheng , Wu Pingsheng , Li Hu , Zhang Yingyuan , Feng Kaiwei , Huang Huiling , Zhang Jinxia , Lai Yanxian , Pei Jingxian , Lu Zhang , Zhan Junfang 
Published: October 2024

Background
The aim of this study was to characterize the burden of valvular heart disease (VHD)‐related heart failure (HF) in Group of 20 (G20) countries.

Methods and Results
Using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study, we estimated VHD‐related HF burdens (cases, age‐standardized prevalence rates, and years lived with disabilities rates) in G20 countries from 1990 to 2019 by age, sex, and sociodemographic index. The burden of VHD‐related HF increased in G20 countries from 1990 to 2019, exhibiting heterogeneity across VHD subtypes. In 2019, Italy, the United States, and the Russian Federation had the highest age‐standardized prevalence rates of nonrheumatic VHD‐related HF, whereas India, Brazil, and Mexico had the lowest. Rheumatic VHD‐related HF was most prevalent in China, India, and Italy, whereas the Republic of Korea, Brazil, and Turkey had the lowest. Nonrheumatic VHD‐related HF prevalence peaked among G20 countries in individuals ≥85 years of age, whereas rheumatic VHD‐related HF peaked in those 75 to 84 years of age in several countries, including China, India, the Russian Federation, Mexico, Argentina, and Turkey. Age‐standardized prevalence rates of nonrheumatic VHD‐related HF showed a decreasing trend, more pronounced in women, whereas rheumatic VHD‐related HF increased in both sexes, with a lower increase in men. Nonrheumatic VHD‐related HF burden correlated with age and sociodemographic index, whereas rheumatic VHD‐related HF burden was highest in middle sociodemographic index countries for those <75 years of age. Years lived with disabilities rates for VHD‐related HF represented about 9.0% of the overall burden across populations.

Conclusions
The increasing burden of VHD‐related HF in G20 countries highlights the need for timely interventions to mitigate this growing public health challenge.
Trends in Initial Antihypertensive Medication Prescribing Among >2.8 Million Veterans Newly Diagnosed With Hypertension, 2000 to 2019
Authors: Xu Yizhe , Derington Catherine G. , Addo Daniel K. , He Tao , Jacobs Joshua A. , Mohanty April F. , An Jaejin , Cushman William C. , Ho P. Michael , Bellows Brandon K. , Cohen Jordana B. , Bress Adam P. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Among patients diagnosed with high blood pressure (BP), initial dual therapy has been recommended for patients with high pretreatment systolic BP (≥160 mm Hg) since 2003, and first‐line β‐blocker use without a compelling condition has fallen out of favor in US guidelines.

Methods and Results
This serial cross‐sectional study of national Veterans Health Administration data included adult Veterans with incident hypertension initiating antihypertensive medication between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019. We assessed annual trends in initial regimens dispensed (index date: first antihypertensive dispense date) by number of classes and unique class combinations used overall and by pretreatment systolic BP (<140, 140 to <160, and ≥160 mm Hg), as well as trends in subgroups (age, sex, race and ethnicity, and comorbidities warranting β‐blocker use). Among 2 832 684 eligible Veterans (average age 61 years, 95% men, 65% non‐Hispanic White, and 8% with cardiovascular disease), from 2000–2004 to 2015–2019, initial monotherapy increased across all pretreatment systolic BP levels (<140 mm Hg: 62.1% to 66.4%; 140 to <160 mm Hg: 70.7% to 76.8%; ≥160 mm Hg: 64.2% to 69.7%). Initiation of dual therapy decreased across all pretreatment systolic BP levels (<140 mm Hg: 25.0% to 24.2%; 140 to <160 mm Hg: 20.4% to 17.6%; ≥160 mm Hg: 22.7% to 22.0%). Among 2 521 696 Veterans (89% of overall) without a β‐blocker‐indicated condition in 2015 to 2019, 20% initiated a β‐blocker, most commonly as monotherapy.

Conclusions
More than half of US Veterans diagnosed with hypertension with a pretreatment systolic BP ≥160 mm Hg were started on antihypertensive monotherapy. There are disparities between guideline‐recommended first‐line treatments and the actual regimens initiated for newly diagnosed Veterans with hypertension.
Cardiomyocyte Reduction of Hybrid/Complex N‐Glycosylation in the Adult Causes Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction in the Absence of Cellular Remodeling
Authors: Young Anthony M. , Miller John A. , Ednie Andrew R. , Bennett Eric S. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Heart failure (HF) presents a massive burden to health care with a complex pathophysiology that results in HF with reduced left ventricle ejection fraction (EF) or HF with preserved EF. It has been shown that relatively modest changes in protein glycosylation, an essential posttranslational modification, are associated with clinical presentations of HF. We and others previously showed that such aberrant protein glycosylation in animal models can lead to HF.

Methods and Results

We develop and characterize a novel, tamoxifen‐inducible, cardiomyocyte
Mgat1
knockout mouse strain, achieved through deletion of
Mgat1
, alpha‐1,3‐mannosyl‐glycoproten 2‐beta‐N‐acetlyglucosaminyltransferase, which encodes N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase I. We investigate the role of hybrid/complex N‐glycosylation in adult HFrEF pathogenesis at the ion channel, cardiomyocyte, tissue, and gross cardiac level. The data demonstrate successful reduction of N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase I activity and confirm that hybrid/complex N‐glycans modulate gating of cardiomyocyte voltage‐gated calcium channels. A longitudinal study shows that the tamoxifen‐inducible, cardiomyocyte
Mgat1
knockout mice present with significantly reduced systolic function by 28 days post induction that progresses into HFrEF by 8 weeks post induction, without significant ventricular dilation or hypertrophy. Further, there was minimal, if any, physiologic or pathophysiologic cardiomyocyte electromechanical remodeling or fibrosis observed before (10–21 days post induction) or after (90–130 days post induction) HFrEF development.

Conclusions

The tamoxifen‐inducible, cardiomyocyte
Mgat1
knockout mouse strain created and characterized here provides a model to describe novel mechanisms and causes responsible for HFrEF onset in the adult, likely occurring primarily through tissue‐level reductions in electromechanical activity in the absence of (or at least before) cardiomyocyte remodeling and fibrosis.
Baseline Diameter Does Not Predict Growth Rate in a Presurgical Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Population
Authors: Marway Prabhvir S. , Tjahjadi Nicasius , Campello Jorge Carlos Alberto , Knauer Heather , Spahlinger Gregory , Masotti Maria , Eagle Kim A. , Hofmann Bowman Marion A. , Patel Himanshu J. , Burris Nicholas S. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Patients with ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm are recommended to undergo routine imaging surveillance. Although maximal diameter is the primary metric of disease severity, recent American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines emphasize the importance of aortic growth in determining surgical candidacy and risk. As diameter increases, it is assumed that aortic growth rate accelerates because of increased wall tension; however, this relationship is poorly studied. We aim to investigate the relationship between ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm diameter and growth rate using vascular deformation mapping, a validated technique for 3‐dimensional growth mapping with submillimeter accuracy.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively identified adult patients with ascending aortic dilation (≥4.0 cm) and serial gated computed tomography angiograms separated by ≥2 years, excluding confirmed heritable thoracic aortic disease. Ascending growth rate was defined as 90th percentile radial wall deformation by vascular deformation mapping. Maximal diameter measurements were derived from the baseline computed tomography angiogram, and aortic length and body size–adjusted indexes were calculated. Among 258 included patients (63.2% men; age of 63 years [interquartile range, 55–69 years]), mean±SD baseline diameter was 46.3±3.6 mm and median growth rate was 0.21 mm/year (interquartile range, 0.13–0.38 mm/year). No correlation was noted between growth rate and baseline diameter (
r
=0.02,
P
=0.74) or other aortic size metrics. On multivariate analysis, age was independently predictive of growth rate (β=−0.007,
P
=0.021), alongside weight (β=0.003,
P
=0.016) and the presence of moderate or severe aortic valve insufficiency (β=0.146,
P
=0.049).

Conclusions
Maximal aortic diameter is not predictive of aortic growth rate, in this contemporary cohort of patients with sizes under current surgical thresholds (<55 mm).
Association Between Cerebral Microbleeds and Neurological Outcomes in Patients Who Underwent Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Xu Zhipeng , Zhang Jingchen , Fang Xing , Yu Yongwei , Xu Mi , Li Tong , Yan Jueyue 
Published: October 2024

Background
Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are common and varied in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Here, the authors describe CMB findings in patients receiving ECMO and their association with clinical factors.

Methods and Results

A total of 138 patients receiving ECMO were enrolled and categorized as venovenous and venoarterial. Blood coagulation profiles during ECMO support and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores within 7 days were recorded. Patients with CMBs exhibited prolonged activated clotting time (
P
<0.001), decreased fibrinogen levels (
P
<0.001), reduced platelet counts (
P
<0.001), and extended prothrombin time (
P
<0.001). A significant correlation (
P
<0.05) was observed between the presence of CMBs and most coagulation parameters among all patients. Patients with venoarterial ECMO had significantly higher activated partial thromboplastin time, activated clotting time, and prothrombin time compared with those with venovenous ECMO (all
P
<0.05). Patients with a less severe CMB burden exhibited higher GCS scores and better neurological injury outcomes at both 7 and 90 days. CMB burden in all patients with ECMO was significantly correlated (
P
<0.05) with most blood coagulation profiles and neurological injury.

Conclusions
CMB burdens after ECMO are common, varied, and associated with a variety of clinical conditions. These findings may guide ECMO management.
How Brains Perceive the World
Authors: Adami Christoph 
Published: October 2024

Then knowledge is to be found not in the experiences but in the process of reasoning about them; it is here, seemingly, not in the experiences, that it is possible to grasp being and truth. Plato, Theaetetus
Can machines ever be sentient? Could they perceive and feel things, be conscious of their surroundings? What are the prospects of achieving sentience in a machine? What are the dangers associated with such an endeavor, and is it even ethical to embark on such a path to begin with? In the series of articles of this column, I discuss one possible path toward “general intelligence” in machines: to use the process of Darwinian evolution to produce artificial brains that can be grafted onto mobile robotic platforms, with the goal of achieving fully embodied sentient machines.
(A)Life as It Could Be
Authors: Beer Randall D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
On this 30th anniversary of the founding of the Artificial Life journal, I share some personal reflections on my own history of engagement with the field, my own particular assessment of its current status, and my vision for its future development. At the very least, I hope to stimulate some necessary critical conversations about the field of Artificial Life and where it is going.
Holiness in Pentecostal Discourse
Authors: Coulter Dale M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This essay offers a theological reflection on sanctification and holiness within the Pentecostal tradition, while presenting the argument that a Pentecostal understanding of holiness best proceeds by viewing it as the means and goal of participation in God’s life. Holiness is understood as the sum total of divine perfection, being eternally realized through the dynamic triune communion of loving relationality. As the plenitude of divine perfection, holiness expresses an ontology. Glory is the radiance of holiness while righteousness and justice are the enactment of holiness. Rather than confining holiness to the doctrine of sanctification, then, it should be understood as the divine purpose for creation.
A Political Theology of Glossolalia
Authors: Vondey Wolfgang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article examines three biblical events with focus on the politics of language: the confusion of languages at Babel, the speaking in tongues at Pentecost, and the conflict of tongues and prophecies at Corinth. By identifying the ideology inherent in these passages and bringing them into conversation, the comparison aims at constructing a political theology of glossolalia that engages with the intersecting concerns of the sociopolitical and ideological identity of charismatic speech. The successive ideology found in the three events allows for the reading of the Babel narrative to inform the reading of Pentecost, and the two events together to inform the reading of Paul. The result highlights the importance of heteroglossia for resisting the reduction of inspired language to simply one tongue or many tongues and the suppression of any form of inspired speech to the quality of another.
‘Can You See Me?’
Authors: Ellington Scott A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article explores the transformation from presenting Judah as an object, to be undervalued and held at a distance, to actively ‘re-humanizing’ and populating Daughter Zion with the suffering that the people experienced and which continues to define them as a result of God’s unabated judgment on Judah. A key literary tag propelling this transformation from object to subject is the call to be ‘seen’ by God. The generation who lament here, unlucky enough to be the last generation, carries the weight not only of their own sins, but those of others long gone. The God who has brought about their destruction poured out the wrath of centuries, stored up since the people’s first grumblings in the wilderness. In the end, the people bet everything on the conviction that God is worthy of praise and leave open the question of whether He will look and see. Lamentations concludes with the future uncertain and God’s answer yet to be heard.
Correlativity Between Human Rights and Positive Obligations and Its Role for the Execution of Judgments Delivered by the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Stoyanova Vladislava 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
States have discretion what concrete measures to undertake to fulfil their positive obligations under the European Convention on Human Rights (echr). If a violation is found, states also have discretion how to execute the judgment. Yet, when the European Court of Human Rights reasons to conclude whether there has been a violation, it necessarily specifies possible measures that could have been undertaken in the past so that the state could have complied with its obligations. The question at the heart of this article is whether this specification assists in the identification of future measures for the purposes of the execution of the judgment. Hohfeld’s correlativity model and the interest-based theory of rights are invoked. The specified measures indicated in the reasoning do not correlate back to rights. Consequently, any measures that might be commanded by the echr obligations remain vague, which does not assist states in their efforts to execute judgments.
Ancient Greek and Indian Social Contract Theories: a Comparison
Authors: Linderborg Otto 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article analyses and compares ancient Greek and Indian social contract theories. On the Greek side, social theories comprising a contractual understanding of the origins of society are encountered, inter alia, in the works of Herodotus, Plato and Polybius – while comparable Indian accounts may be gathered from the Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad, the Dīgha Nikāya and the Mahābhārata. Through close readings of these and other texts, it is shown that both the Greek and Indian theories largely rely on the concept of monarchy as the cornerstone of social order. The Greek and Indian accounts also incorporate certain elements reoccurring in early modern European social contract theories, yet in other respects the former fundamentally differ from the latter.
A New Heat Stress Index for Climate Change Assessment
Authors: Lanzante John R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The heat index (HI), based on Steadman’s model of thermoregulation, estimates heat stress on the human body from ambient temperature and humidity. It has been used widely both in applications, such as the issuance of heat advisories by the National Weather Service (NWS) and for research on possible changes in the future due to climate change. However, temperature/humidity combinations that exceed the applicable range of the model are becoming more common due to climate warming. Recent work by Lu and Romps has produced an extended heat index (EHI), which is valid for values outside the range of the original HI. For these values, the HI can underestimate the EHI by a considerable amount. This work utilizes observed data from 15 U.S. weather stations along with bias-adjusted output from a climate model to explore the spatial and temporal aspects of the disparity between the HI and the EHI from the recent past out to the end of the twenty-first century. The underestimate of human heat stress by the HI is found to be the largest for the most extreme cases (5°–10°C), which are also the most impactful. Conditions warranting NWS excessive heat warnings are found to increase dramatically from less than 5% of days historically at most stations to more than 90% in the future at some stations. Although, by design, the scope of this work is limited, it demonstrates the need for the adoption of the EHI for both applications and research.