bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein sites with more coevolutionary connections tend to evolve slower, while more variable protein families acquire higher coevolutionary connections
Authors: Mandloi Sapan , Chakrabarti Saikat 
Published: April 2017

Background: Correlated mutation or coevolution of positions in a protein is tightly linked with the protein’s respective evolutionary rate. It is essential to investigate the intricate relationship between the extent of coevolution and the evolutionary variability exerted at individual protein sites, as well as the whole protein. Methods: In this study, we have used a reliable set of coevolutionary connections (sites within 10Å spatial distance) and investigated their correlation with the evolutionary diversity within the respective protein sites. Results: Based on our observations, we propose an interesting hypothesis that higher numbers of coevolutionary connections are associated with lesser evolutionary variable protein sites, while higher numbers of the coevolutionary connections can be observed for a protein family that has higher evolutionary variability. Our findings also indicate that highly coevolved sites located in a solvent accessible state tend to be less evolutionary variable. This relationship reverts at the whole protein level where cytoplasmic and extracellular proteins show moderately higher anti-correlation between the number of coevolutionary connections and the average evolutionary conservation of the whole protein. Conclusions: Observations and hypothesis presented in this study provide intriguing insights towards understanding the critical relationship between coevolutionary and evolutionary changes observed within proteins. Our observations encourage further investigation to find out the reasons behind subtle variations in the relationship between coevolutionary connectivity and evolutionary diversity for proteins located at various cellular localizations and/or involved in different molecular-biological functions.
Barriers to Abortion Care and Their Consequences For Patients Traveling for Services: Qualitative Findings from Two States
Authors: Jerman Jenna , Frohwirth Lori , Kavanaugh Megan L. , Blades Nakeisha 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCONTEXTAbortion availability and accessibility vary by state. Especially in areas where services are restricted or limited, some women travel to obtain abortion services in other states. Little is known about the experience of travel to obtain abortion.METHODSIn January and February 2015, in‐depth interviews were conducted with 29 patients seeking abortion services at six facilities in Michigan and New Mexico. Eligible women were 18 or older, spoke English, and had traveled either across state lines or more than 100 miles within the state. Respondents were asked to describe their experience from pregnancy discovery to the day of the abortion procedure. Barriers to accessing abortion care and consequences of these barriers were identified through inductive and deductive analysis.RESULTSRespondents described 15 barriers to abortion care while traveling to obtain services, and three major consequences of experiencing those barriers. Barriers were grouped into five categories: travel‐related logistical issues, system navigation issues, limited clinic options, financial issues, and state or clinic restrictions. Consequences were delays in care, negative mental health impacts and considering self‐induction. The experience of barriers complicated the process of obtaining an abortion, but the effect of any individual barrier was unclear. Instead, the experience of multiple barriers appeared to have a compounding effect, resulting in negative consequences for women traveling for abortion.CONCLUSIONThe amalgamation of barriers to abortion care experienced simultaneously can have significant consequences for patients.
Total quality management and its applications: Example of Kalekim<p>Toplam kalite yönetimi ve uygulamaları: Kalekim örneği
Authors: Güzel Dilşad , Aykol Selin 
Published: April 2017

The importance of Total Quality Management (TQM) can not be denied in increasing business efficiency and productivity. For this reason, companies should be able to apply this philosophy professionally in all business process. It has been stated that TQM is to be a philosophy which are reduces costs and defects, provides customer satisfaction, including workers in the decision-making processes and improves education in all business processes. However, some firms in Turkey can’t practice the TQM philosophy completely. Accordingly, it can be stated that many firms have some deficiencies to implement aims of this philosophy. The aim of this study is to explain the total quality management philosophy, its historical development process and some applications in the world and Turkey and to analyze TQM applications of Kalekim company. The results of this study show that Kalekim company implemented TQM applications successfully. Özetİşletmelerin etkinliklerinin ve verimliliklerinin artırılmasında Toplam Kalite Yönetimi (TKY)’ nin önemi yadsınamaz. Bu nedenle şirketler, bu felsefeyi tüm işletme süreçlerinde profesyonelce uygulayabilmelidir. TKY, tüm iş süreçlerinde, maliyetlerin ve hataların azaltıldığı, müşteri memnuniyetinin sağlandığı, işçilerin karar alma süreçlerine dahil edildiği, eğitimin artırıldığı bir felsefe olarak ifade edilmektedir. Ancak, Türkiye’deki bazı firmalar TKY felsefesini tam olarak uygulayamamaktadırlar. Dolayısıyla birçok firmanın bu felsefedeki amaçlarını gerçekleştirmede bazı eksiklileri olduğu söylenebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, TKY’nin felsefesini, tarihsel gelişimini, dünya ve Türkiye’deki bazı uygulamalarını belirtmek ve Kalekim firmasının TKY uygulamalarını analiz etmektir. Çalışma sonucunda, Kalekim firmasının TKY uygulamalarını başarı ile gerçekleştirdiği görülmüştür.
Zika-vírus-fertőzés terhességben
Authors: Varjasi Gabriella , Póka Róbert 
Published: April 2017

Abstract: The Zika virus is a flavivirus spread by mosquitoes. Its primary vectors are the Aedes aegypti and the Aedes albopictus. Before 2007 it sporadically caused benign morbidity. Since 2015, it started spreading “explosively” in America, especially in Brazil. In August 2016 they reported cases from New York and Poland, too. Most of the infections don’t produce any symptoms, but can cause grave complications. The most important lesion is microcephalia that forms in fetuses. Microcephalia’s most serious consequence is mental retardation, which puts great burden on both the family and the society. The viral infection increases the incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome. This is an acute autoimmune disease which causes demyelination and, in the worst cases, it can also be fatal. Yet we do not possess adequate and specific vaccination nor antiviral therapy, although, since July 2016, the effectiveness of a DNA based vaccine is being tested on humans. More than half of the world’s population lives in areas contaminated by infected mosquitoes so there is a great need for the development of an effective method against the vector mosquitoes. Sadly, even the vector control strategies aren’t effective enough to push back the epidemic. Pregnant or fertile women must take the highest precautions against mosquito bites, especially if they travel to regions ravaged by the epidemic. The safest solution would be to postpone both the trip and the childbearing. In Europe, the vectors aren’t spread enough to cause major threat, except maybe the warmer regions bordered by the Mediterranean Sea. However, it is possible that in the near future other viruses spread by Aedes mosquitoes could appear. Naturally, the travellers and immigrants, who came from endemic regions can also contribute to the spread of the epidemic. Thanks to the changes in global weather, there were reported findings of mosquitoes of the Aedes albopictus species in Hungary, which are slowly invading the continent, although we do not have information about their settlement in the country. The doctors may encounter introduced cases and we do not have to fear the spreading of the epidemic to our country, but in the bordering Slovakia and Slovenia infections have been reported. The future of the Zika virus is yet unpredictable, although looking at the global spread of the Dengue and Chikungunya viruses, a worldwide spread is expectable in the near future. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(15), 563–571.
Defending the Absurd: The Iconoclast's Guide to Section 47(1) of the Superior Courts Act 10 of 2013
Authors: McCreath Haneen , Koen Raymond 
Published: April 2017

This contribution was intended as a defence of section 25(1) of the Supreme Court Act 59 of 1959. However, the Supreme Court Act was repealed in August 2013 and replaced by the Superior Courts Act 10 of 2013, and in the process section 25(1) of the former gave way to section 47(1) of the latter. Both sections concern the doctrine of leave to sue judges in South Africa. Both prescribe that any civil litigation against a judge requires the consent of the court out of which such litigation is to be launched. Both apply to civil suits against judges for damage caused by either their judicial or their non-judicial conduct.
Although section 25(1) had been one of the more inconspicuous sections of the Supreme Court Act, it was contested on occasion. Both curial and extra-curial challenges to section 25(1) assailed its constitutionality, alleging essentially that its provisions violated the right of access to courts enshrined in section 34 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 and that such violation did not meet the limitation criteria contained in section 36. It may be anticipated with considerable confidence, given its legal continuity with section 25(1), that any serious assault upon section 47(1) of the Superior Courts Act also will focus upon its relationship to section 34 of the Constitution.
This contribution is a pre-emptive defence of section 47(1) of the Superior Courts Act and, by extrapolation, a belated justification of section 25(1) of the Supreme Court Act. An attempt will be made to demonstrate, contrary to conventional wisdom, that section 47(1) does not limit section 34 and passes constitutional
muster at the first level of enquiry, thereby obviating the need for advancing to the second level of enquiry contained in section 36 of the Constitution.
The jurisprudential crux of section 47(1) of the Superior Courts Act is embedded in the nature of the judicial office and its core value of judicial impartiality. The procedural immunity which the section affords South African judges is a mechanism for sparing them the nuisance of having to deal with frivolous litigation, either as defendant or as adjudicator. Every specious suit against a judge, per definitionem, represents an incursion into judicial impartiality by urging that the court give credence to a claim which does not qualify for curial adjudication. In this regard, the doctrine of leave to sue seeks to ensure that judges do not have to adjudicate claims which resort beyond the compass of their judicial capacity. It is a doctrine which operates to protect and advance the unimpeachable principle of judicial impartiality.
Reassessing Judicial Independence and Impartiality against the Backdrop of Judicial Appointments in South Africa
Authors: Malan Koos 
Published: April 2017

The South African Judicial Service Commission (JSC), considered to be exemplary for its independence, plays a pivotal part in judicial appointments. Yet the Commission has long been marred by tensions that have lately erupted into a full-blown conflict between those who could here be referred to as the transformationists, on the one hand, and the liberals, on the other. The transformationists, who may generally be regarded as falling within the sphere of influence of the ruling elite under the African National Congress (ANC), are bent on pursuing the policy of transformation. Hence they insist that the composition of the bench must reflect the national population profile and on individual judges' pursuing the ruling party's ideological goals. The liberals reject this as a threat to judicial independence and the professional competence of the judiciary. On close analysis the clash is based on incompatible interpretations of judicial independence and impartiality. This article is a critique of these interpretations against the backdrop of an assessment of what these notions can reasonably be expected to achieve.
It is argued that the liberals are harbouring unrealistic views about judiciaries, believing them to wield power which may even extend over matters of political significance, powers on a par with or even outweighing those of the political branches. However, on proper analysis it is clear that the judiciary is in fact, firstly, inherently weak and dependent on the support of the political branches; and, secondly, it is integrated into the ruling elite with whom they share the same ideological assumptions without any inclination to oppose them. Hence, the impartiality of the courts, when it comes to politically sensitive issues, is distinctively politically (regime) relative and ideologically conditioned.
Ironically the transformationists have bought into the liberals' erroneous belief in the potency of the courts (in the above-mentioned sense) and they fear, without foundation, for the political risks the courts might be posing to the ruling elite. This fear is based on an exaggerated vision of the far-reaching consequences that they ascribe to judicial independence and impartiality, believing it to render the judiciary a formidable political force on a par with the political branches. The transformationists would therefore go to extreme lengths to secure an amenable judiciary. This is exemplified by their rather improper insistence that the best candidates need not be appointed, thus compromising even the (limited) independence and impartiality which courts, on a realistic assessment, should have. In doing this the transformationists show a serious lack of appreciation of the distinctive professional nature of the judiciary, whose independence, impartiality and effectiveness are rooted not in political might but in the exceptional professional competence of the incumbents on the bench, who should be drawn from the best candidates the legal professional can produce.
A AVALIAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DIDÁTICO-PEDAGÓGICO NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Zanette Elisa Netto , Cechella Nara Cristine Thomé Palácios , Schneider Michele Domingos 
Published: April 2017

A AVALIAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DIDÁTICO-PEDAGÓGICO NA EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Combination of Calotropis gigantea Radix Extract and Artemisin as an Antimalarial Agent Against Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Muti’ah Roihatul , Hayati Elok Kamilah , Fatati Asnal 
Published: April 2017

<p><em>Calotropis gigantea</em> radix is one of plant which has bioactive component as antimalarial.The purpose of this research are to know antimalarial activity from combination of <em>Calotropis gigantea</em> radix extract and artemisin. The research consist of extraction of <em>Calotropis gigantea</em> radix was done with extraction maseration method. Extraction was performed by maseration with 80% ethanol solvent. Concentrated extract was <em>in vivo </em>antimalarial tested to animal model. Mice were peritoneal infected with 10<sup>6</sup><em>Plasmodium berghei</em> ANKA and divided into 5 treatment groups: negative control; positive control (artemisin of dose 4 mg/kgBW); combination of artemisin(1/4 dose of artemisin standar) and <em>Calotropis gigantea</em>in 3 doses: 0,1 mg/KgBW; 1 mg/KgBWand 10 mg/KgBW. Data of inhibition was analyzed using SPSS program with <em>Two Way </em>ANOVA Test dan continued with Tukey Test.</p><p class="DefaultCxSpFirst">The result shows that combination of <em>Calotropis gigantea</em> radix extract and artemisin with dose 10 mg/KgBB has higher antimalarial activity than control positive (artemisin). The value of parasite inhibition is 55,2% for dose 0.1 mg/KgBW ; 72,8% for dose 1 mg/KgBW ; 87,3% for dose 10 mg/KgBW and 56,06 mg/KgBW for control positive (artemisin). The phytochemical compounds in 80% ethanol solvent extract are tannins and steroids.</p><div><p class="DefaultCxSpMiddle"> </p><p class="DefaultCxSpLast"><strong>Keywords</strong>: <em>Calotropis gigantea,</em><em>antimalaria, combination, artemisin, </em><em>Plasmodium berghei</em><strong></strong></p></div>
CONVENÇÕES CORPORAIS E O MEDO DE ENVELHECER: Ideais de Juventude e Beleza Midiáticos Versus Aceitação Pessoal e Social da Imagem Real
Authors: Fort Mônica Cristine , Skura Ivania , Brisolara Cristina 
Published: April 2017

O binômio beleza e juventude, tão comumente utilizado nas representações femininas na mídia, traduz padrões estéticos que já têm sido questionados, mas ainda servem de parâmetro para comentários de leitoras/es, e comparações na imprensa, de mulheres que foram belas na juventude e que, mais velhas, não têm mais a imagem que se esperava. Para discutir esse cenário, elencamos exemplos que apontam o envelhecimento feminino de personalidades públicas, adotando como pano de fundo para a reflexão as perspectivas de idadismo apontadas por Castro (2015, 2016); o conceito do corpo como capital de Goldenberg (2006, 2010, 2012, 2015); e do medo em Augé (2013), Altheide (2002) e Bauman (2008). Ao debater como a mídia aumenta o inconformismo com o próprio corpo, abordam-se também os esforços que têm sido observados na área da comunicação persuasiva, com a presença de pessoas consideradas fora do estereótipo de beleza até então imposto, assim como são discutidas reações quanto a personalidades cobradas por fugirem desse padrão desejado.
DEMOCRACIA FEMINISTA CONTRA O FASCISMO: Entrevista com a filósofa Marcia Tiburi
Authors: Machado Sandra de Souza 
Published: April 2017

Entrevista com Marcia Tiburi, gaúcha, graduada em Filosofia e Artes. É mestre e doutora em Filosofia (UFRGS, 1999). Publicou diversos livros de Filosofia, entre eles: “As Mulheres e a Filosofia” (Ed. Unisinos, 2002); “Filosofia Cinza – a melancolia e o corpo nas dobras da escrita” (Escritos, 2004); “Mulheres, Filosofia ou Coisas do Gênero” (EDUNISC, 2008), “Filosofia em Comum” (Ed. Record, 2008), “Filosofia Brincante” (Record, 2010), “Olho de Vidro” (Record, 2011), “Filosofia Pop” (Bregantini, 2011); “Sociedade Fissurada” (Record, 2013); “Filosofia Prática, ética, vida cotidiana, vida virtual” (Record, 2014); “Como conversar com um fascista - Reflexões sobre o cotidiano autoritário brasileiro” (Record, 2015). Publicou também os romances “Magnólia” (2005), “A Mulher de Costas” (2006), “O Manto” (2009), “Era meu esse Rosto” (Record, 2012), e “Uma fuga perfeita é sem volta” (Record, 2016). É autora ainda dos livros Diálogo/desenho (2010), Diálogo/dança (2011), Diálogo/Fotografia (2011) e Diálogo/Cinema (2013) e Diálogo/Educação (2014), todos publicados pela editora SENAC-SP. É também blogueira e colunista da revista Cult.
DESARROLLO, SENTIMIENTOS SOCIALES Y DIÁLOGO TRANSFORMATIVO: UNA PROPUESTA PARA LA COMPRENSIÓN DEL PROCESO DE DDR EN COLOMBIA
Authors: López Arboleda Gloria María , Rodríguez Bustamante Alexander 
Published: April 2017

Este artículo de reflexión es el resultado del trabajo realizado y actualizado en torno a los hallazgos de la investigación realizada por una de las autoras, López, G. (2010): “El papel social de los sentimientos en la construcción de la identidad social de desmovilizados del conflicto armado colombiano”[1]. El texto recoge algunas consideraciones necesarias referidas a la comprensión en los procesos generados desde el DDR en Colombia a propósito de las transformaciones sociales que en sí mismo puede generar y del contexto que aún se avizora en este mismo proceso. [1] Trabajo de grado (2010). Maestría en Psicología, Cohorte V. Universidad de San Buenaventura - Medellín.
PROYECCIÓN DE LA UNED EN CENTROS PENALES DE COSTA RICA: RESEÑA HISTÓRICA Y SITUACIÓN ACTUAL
Authors: Herrera Bonilla Nidia 
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo nos da un visión general de la evolución histórica de los Centros Penales en Costa Rica desde su independencia hasta nuestros tiempos.Da a conocer también la importancia del concepto de adaptación social y cómo la educación ha sido un instrumento utilizado para la reincorporación del privado y privada de libertad a la sociedad. De igual manera da a conocer el papel que ha jugado la Universidad Estatal a Distancia en esta nueva forma de ver al quE ha delinquido, al ofrecerle un título universitario al que aprovecha adecuadamente la modalidad a distancia.
El origen de la filosofía en Grecia: la unidad del hombre con el cosmos
Authors: Cañas Quirós Roberto 
Published: April 2017

El artículo es una introducción al tema del origen de la filosofía griega, a partir de la gradual escisión entre el pensar mítico y el pensar racional. Se plantea que las cosmologías y cosmogonías de los primeros filósofos están estrechamente vinculadas con la esfera de lo humano y no divorciadas de éste. Por eso se parte de la idea de un cosmopsiquismo, de una unidad indisoluble entre el universo y el ser humano, de un ligamen entre el macro-­‐‑ cosmos y el microcosmos. Esta perspectiva se analiza no sólo en la religión y la poesía griega antigua, sino también en la filosofía «presocrática».
La exterioridad del mal en Paul Ricoeur
Authors: Moya Mena Sergio 
Published: April 2017

El artículo aborda la importancia del problema del origen del mal en la obra de Paul Ricoeur y especialmente en el Mito Adámico, que el filósofo francés estudia en La simbólica del mal. A través de un estudio de los símbolos, Ricoeur demuestra cómo el hombre ha concebido el mal desde la visión trágica a la visión ética, una ruta que irá de la exterioridad a la interioridad. Sin embargo, es muy relevante en el mito de la creación bíblica la importancia de la exterioridad del mal representado por la Serpiente. Ciertamente el hombre, merced a su falibilidad, posibilita la entrada del mal en el mundo, pero resulta necesario también tomar en cuenta el papel de figuras contrapuestas a la figura central del Hombre y que introducen el nivel de la exterioridad en el origen del mal. El hombre no es originador del mal, sino cooriginador.
Consumo de sustancias psicoactivas: un estudio comparativo sobre las representaciones sociales
Authors: Rebolledo Chávarro Hernando 
Published: April 2017

El objetivo de la investigación aquí presentada consiste en identificar el contenido de las representaciones sociales del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas que tiene un grupo de usuarios que inicia un programa de tratamiento, y compararlo con las representaciones del consumo, que tiene la institución que ofrece el programa. Las categorías de análisis establecidas son las representaciones con respecto a los siguientes aspectos: el tratamiento, las personas consumidoras y las no consumidoras de sustancias psicoactivas, las sustancias psicoactivas, los estados de embriaguez y los estados de sobriedad. Con base en los contenidos de las representaciones identificados, se analizan aspectos pertinentes del tratamiento de la problemática de las drogas, como: el objetivo de abstención total del consumo, el propósito de readaptación social, la formación en valores, la de las familias, el alejamiento de las comunidades de origen, la negatividad atribuida a la vida de los consumidores, las gratificaciones que éstos encuentran en las sustancias psicoactivas, la incidencia de los problemas sociales de las comunidadesde origen.