bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histoires de greffes : Permanence d’un récit télévisuel
Authors: Chavot Philippe , Masseran Anne 
Published: April 2016

El hecho de que el trasplante sea considerado en la actualidad como una tecnología rutinaria, no indica que ésta sea una operación anodina, tanto en el ámbito médico como en el simbólico. Los relatos televisivos de la medicina de trasplantes constituyen una apuesta, ya que se trata de transformar una operación que descansa en supuestos que invierten experiencias y saberes culturales e íntimos, en algo concretamente imaginable. En este artículo, queremos explorar la dinámica que combina y armoniza los elementos – representaciones de la muerte, de la enfermedad, de la cirugía-siguiendo «las historias televisivas de los trasplantes » . Nuestra hipótesis es que estas historias varían, siguiendo los contextos televisivos y tecnológicos, en la medida que sea posible identificar un gran relato de la operación, destacadamente estable, a partir de los años cincuenta hasta la actualidad en Francia. Dicha estabilidad «normaliza » e idealiza los supuestos médicos, filosóficos, éticos y sociales del trasplante.
Título : Historias de trasplantes : La permanencia de un relato televisivo.
Reliability and Accuracy of Cross-sectional Radiographic Assessment of Severe Knee Osteoarthritis: Role of Training and Experience
Authors: Klara Kristina , Collins Jamie E. , Gurary Ellen , Elman Scott A. , Stenquist Derek S. , Losina Elena , Katz Jeffrey N. 
Published: April 2016

Objective.To dêtermine the reliability of radiographic assessment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) by nonclinician readers compared to an experienced radiologist.Methods.The radiologist trained 3 nonclinicians to evaluate radiographic characteristics of knee OA. The radiologist and nonclinicians read preoperative films of 36 patients prior to total knee replacement. Intrareader and interreader reliability were measured using the weighted κ statistic and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Scores κ < 0.20 indicated slight agreement, 0.21–0.40 fair, 0.41–0.60 moderate, 0.61–0.80 substantial, and 0.81–1.0 almost perfect agreement.Results.Intrareader reliability among nonclinicians (κ) ranged from 0.40 to 1.0 for individual radiographic features and 0.72 to 1.0 for Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade. ICC ranged from 0.89 to 0.98 for the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) summary score. Interreader agreement among nonclinicians ranged from κ of 0.45 to 0.94 for individual features, and 0.66 to 0.97 for KL grade. ICC ranged from 0.87 to 0.96 for the OARSI Summary Score. Interreader reliability between nonclinicians and the radiologist ranged from κ of 0.56 to 0.85 for KL grade. ICC ranged from 0.79 to 0.88 for the OARSI Summary Score.Conclusion.Intrareader and interreader agreement was variable for individual radiograph features but substantial for summary KL grade and OARSI Summary Score. Investigators face tradeoffs between cost and reader experience. These data suggest that in settings where costs are constrained, trained nonclinicians may be suitable readers of radiographic knee OA, particularly if a summary score (KL grade or OARSI Score) is used to determine radiographic severity.
Trouble Déficit de l’Attention/Hyperactivité et Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication
Authors: Bioulac Stéphanie 
Published: April 2016

Cet article reprend des études explorant les liens entre nouvelles technologies et TDA/H : en examinant d’une part les conséquences négatives de l’excès d’utilisation des jeux vidéo avec la possible existence d’une addiction aux jeux vidéo en population TDA/H ; d’autre part en considérant « l’utilisation positive » des nouvelles technologies comme outil permettant une évaluation des performances mobilisant les capacités attentionnelles dans des situations proches de la vie quotidienne (jeux vidéo et situation de classe virtuelle).
Une recherche clinique et projective sur les psychothérapies en alcoologie
Authors: Marchin Élodie , Blanc Valérie , Gaudriault Pierre , Rosenberg Ruben 
Published: April 2016

L’intérêt pour le changement psychique et la particularité du travail en addictologie ont fait naître l’envie chez les auteurs de mener un travail de recherche. 13 patients souffrant d’un trouble de l’usage de l’alcool suivis en psychothérapie ont été examinés au début du traitement (t1) et à stade avancé (t2) un an plus tard. L’examen comprenait un entretien semi-directif et un Rorschach. 11 patients sur 13 ont progressé cliniquement. L’hypothèse était que l’amélioration clinique s’accompagnerait d’un remaniement psychique visible dans le Rorschach. Ce remaniement est étudié au niveau des indices d’angoisse et de représentation psychique. L’impact éventuel de la désirabilité sociale est également examiné. Une étude nomothétique des résultats montre surtout une diminution de l’angoisse. Mais dans une étude idiographique illustrée par trois cas, on observe une modification des représentations. Cette évolution se fait dans un sens plus expressif ou dans un sens plus adaptatif. Au-delà de cette étude, l’expérience de chercheur clinicien a été profitable à la pratique des auteurs et ils poursuivront leurs recherches sur l’exploration des représentations de la dépendance à l’alcool des patients suivis en CSAPA.
Causons de nos représentations culturelles à l’égard des animaux...
Authors: Bélair Sandie 
Published: April 2016

À partir d’une « causerie » entre femmes d’origine culturelle différente et psychologues, nous évoquons la nécessité de penser les représentations culturelles liées aux animaux dans le cadre de la requalification des relations homme-animal, notamment lorsque l’animal est un acteur à part entière de projets à vocation préventive, sociale ou thérapeutique.
El ataque con la lanza como motivo transgenérico: de la épica francesa a los libros de caballerías
Authors: Justel Pablo 
Published: April 2016

Este trabajo analiza el esquema y la actualización formular de cada una de las fases de la carga de choque, técnica ofensiva con la lanza que nació a finales del siglo xi. El corpus considerado está formado por veinticinco poemas épicos franceses, la totalidad de la épica castellana, los textos castellanos de tonalidad épica (el Poema de Fernán González y el Libro de Alexandre) y más de una veintena de obras en prosa de los siglos xiv-xvi. En virtud de la extensión y la recurrencia de las fórmulas y expresiones formulares, se ha procedido a una división y posterior análisis de tres tipos de unidades: las que se reiteran en varias obras, las presentes en más de una pero en ninguna repetida y aquellas exclusivas de un texto. Atendiendo a este criterio, se estudian las prácticas compositivas genéricas (algunas de ellas transgenéricas) y las particularidades que en ocasiones los autores muestran en la actualización formular de este motivo.
Il maestro del mosaico: voci «antiche e moderne» fra le coplas del Libro de Alexandre
Authors: Materni Marta 
Published: April 2016

Il contributo si propone di fornire un quadro aggiornato della «questione fonti» relativa al Libro de Alexandre. In particolare si vuole attirare l’attenzione su tre punti specifici, che potrebbero risultare di notevole interesse per la contestualizzazione culturale di questo caposaldo della letteratura romanza: 1) l’inserzione, nell’elenco delle fonti finora note, di almeno un testo di origine provenzale; 2) la necessità di approfondire il quadro della trasmissione medievale dei testi relativi alla storia di Troia (fornendo, tramite un aggiornamento bibliografico della situazione testuale dell’Excidium Troiae, un possibile modello di studio da replicare); 3) le implicazioni culturali dell’individuazione della fonte nel caso di due sequenze testuali: il lapidario babilonese e il calendario della tenda alessandrina.
Helicobacter pylori γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase Induces Tolerogenic Human Dendritic Cells by Activation of Glutamate Receptors
Authors: Käbisch Romy , Semper Raphaela P. , Wüstner Stefanie , Gerhard Markus , Mejías-Luque Raquel 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is characterized by chronic persistence of the bacterium. Different virulence factors, including H. pylori γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (gGT), have been reported to induce tolerogenicity by reprogramming dendritic cells (DCs). gGT is present in all bacterial isolates, indicating an important role for gGT in the course of infection. In the current study, we have analyzed the effect of H. pylori gGT on human DCs and the subsequent adaptive immune response. We show that glutamate produced due to H. pylori gGT enzymatic activity tolerizes DCs by inhibiting cAMP signaling and dampening IL-6 secretion in response to the infection. Together, our results provide a novel molecular mechanism by which H. pylori manipulates the host’s immune response to persist within its host.
POSH Regulates CD4+ T Cell Differentiation and Survival
Authors: Cunningham Cody A. , Cardwell Leah N. , Guan Yue , Teixeiro Emma , Daniels Mark A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The scaffold molecule POSH is crucial for the regulation of proliferation and effector function in CD8+ T cells. However, its role in CD4+ T cells is not known. In this study, we found that disruption of the POSH scaffold complex established a transcriptional profile that strongly skewed differentiation toward Th2, led to decreased survival, and had no effect on cell cycle entry. This is in stark contrast to CD8+ T cells in which POSH regulates cell cycle and does not affect survival. Disruption of POSH in CD4+ T cells resulted in the loss of Tak1-dependent activation of JNK1/2 and Tak1-mediated survival. However, in CD8+ T cells, POSH regulates only JNK1. Remarkably, each type of T cell had a unique composition of the POSH scaffold complex and distinct posttranslational modifications of POSH. These data indicate that the mechanism that regulates POSH function in CD4+ T cells is different from CD8+ T cells. All together, these data strongly suggest that POSH is essential for the integration of cell-type–specific signals that regulate the differentiation, survival, and function of T cells.
Representation of the grey zone of turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer
Authors: Honnert Rachel 
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Numerical weather prediction model forecasts at horizontal grid lengths in the range of 100 to 1 km are now possible. This range of scales is the "grey zone of turbulence". Previous studies, based on large-eddy simulation (LES) analysis from the MésoNH model, showed that some assumptions of some turbulence schemes on boundary-layer structures are not valid. Indeed, boundary-layer thermals are now partly resolved, and the subgrid remaining part of the thermals is possibly largely or completely absent from the model columns. First, some modifications of the equations of the shallow convection scheme have been tested in the MésoNH model and in an idealized version of the operational AROME model at resolutions coarser than 500 m. Secondly, although the turbulence is mainly vertical at mesoscale (>  2 km resolution), it is isotropic in LES (<  100 m resolution). It has been proved by LES analysis that, in convective boundary layers, the horizontal production of turbulence cannot be neglected at resolutions finer than half of the boundary-layer height. Thus, in the grey zone, fully unidirectional turbulence scheme should become tridirectional around 500 m resolution. At Météo-France, the dynamical turbulence is modelled by a K-gradient in LES as well as at mesoscale in both MésoNH and AROME, which needs mixing lengths in the formulation. Vertical and horizontal mixing lengths have been calculated from LES of neutral and convective cases at resolutions in the grey zone.
Optical properties and bioavailability of dissolved organic matter along a flow-path continuum from soil pore waters to the Kolyma River mainstem, East Siberia
Authors: Frey Karen E. , Sobczak William V. , Mann Paul J. , Holmes Robert M. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The Kolyma River in northeast Siberia is among the six largest Arctic rivers and drains a region underlain by vast deposits of Holocene-aged peat and Pleistocene-aged loess known as yedoma, most of which is currently stored in ice-rich permafrost throughout the region. These peat and yedoma deposits are important sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) to inland waters that in turn play a significant role in the transport and ultimate remineralization of organic carbon to CO2 and CH4 along the terrestrial flow-path continuum. The turnover and fate of terrigenous DOM during offshore transport largely depends upon the composition and amount of carbon released to inland and coastal waters. Here, we measured the ultraviolet-visible optical properties of chromophoric DOM (CDOM) from a geographically extensive collection of waters spanning soil pore waters, streams, rivers, and the Kolyma River mainstem throughout a  ∼  250 km transect of the northern Kolyma River basin. During the period of study, CDOM absorption coefficients were found to be robust proxies for the concentration of DOM, whereas additional CDOM parameters such as spectral slopes (S) were found to be useful indicators of DOM quality along the flow path. In particular, the spectral slope ratio (SR) of CDOM demonstrated statistically significant differences between all four water types and tracked changes in the concentration of bioavailable DOC, suggesting that this parameter may be suitable for clearly discriminating shifts in organic matter characteristics among water types along the full flow-path continuum across this landscape. However, despite our observations of downstream shifts in DOM composition, we found a relatively constant proportion of DOC that was bioavailable ( ∼  3–6 % of total DOC) regardless of relative water residence time along the flow path. This may be a consequence of two potential scenarios allowing for continual processing of organic material within the system, namely (a) aquatic microorganisms are acclimating to a downstream shift in DOM composition and/or (b) photodegradation is continually generating labile DOM for continued microbial processing of DOM along the flow-path continuum. Without such processes, we would otherwise expect to see a declining fraction of bioavailable DOC downstream with increasing residence time of water in the system. With ongoing and future permafrost degradation, peat and yedoma deposits throughout the northeast Siberian region will become more hydrologically active, providing greater amounts of DOM to fluvial networks and ultimately to the Arctic Ocean. The ability to rapidly and comprehensively monitor shifts in the quantity and quality of DOM across the landscape is therefore critical for understanding potential future feedbacks within the Arctic carbon cycle.
Reasonable and Rational: Renewed Loci for Rhetorical Justice
Authors: Kraemer Don J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWhereas the new rhetoric project associates the rational with the certainty of abstract objectivism, normative philosophy associates the rational with the ethical (the good), that is, the individual's pursuit of a life well lived. Normative philosophy distinguishes the ethical, then, not from the rational but from the moral (the reasonable), which represents the obligations we have toward others to ensure just relations among people. In philosophy, the rational and reasonable function as loci for arguments about values, but their rhetorical resourcefulness is dismissed rather than elaborated by the philosophy reviewed here, which gives the reasonable's abstract objectivity priority over the concrete preferences embodied by the rational. The concrete objectivism so important to the new rhetoric project could be more fully redeemed, I suggest, were the new rhetoric project to transform philosophy's rational-reasonable distinction into two uneasily coexisting, mutually reinforcing loci.
Band engineering for surface emission enhancement in Al-rich AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet light emitting diodes
Authors: Lu Huimin , Yu Tongjun , Chen Xinjuan , Wang Jianping , Zhang Guoyi 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The optical polarization properties of Al-rich AlGaN/AlN quantum wells (QWs) with different structure parameters were analyzed using the modified theoretical model based on the effective mass equation. It is demonstrated that the optical polarization properties of AlGaN-based QWs are determined by the valence subband structure, including the energy level order and the valence subband coupling. The results show that the TE-polarized emission is enhanced in Al-rich AlGaN/AlN QWs with smaller well width, a buffer layer inducing compressive stress, and a staggered well layer owing to the change in the valence subband structure. Hence, the enhancement of surface emission from deep-ultraviolet (DUV) AlGaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can be realized by adjusting the QW structure parameters to induce a valence subband change.
Observations of wave transformation over a fringing coral reef and the importance of low‐frequency waves and offshore water levels to runup, overwash, and coastal flooding
Authors: Cheriton Olivia M. , Storlazzi Curt D. , Rosenberger Kurt J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMany low‐lying tropical islands are susceptible to sea level rise and often subjected to overwash and flooding during large wave events. To quantify wave dynamics and wave‐driven water levels on fringing coral reefs, a 5 month deployment of wave gauges and a current meter was conducted across two shore‐normal transects on Roi‐Namur Island in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. These observations captured two large wave events that had waves with maximum heights greater than 6 m with peak periods of 16 s over the fore reef. The larger event coincided with a peak spring tide, leading to energetic, highly skewed infragravity (0.04–0.004 Hz) and very low frequency (0.004–0.001 Hz) waves at the shoreline, which reached heights of 1.0 and 0.7 m, respectively. Water surface elevations, combined with wave runup, reached 3.7 m above the reef bed at the innermost reef flat adjacent to the toe of the beach, resulting in flooding of inland areas. This overwash occurred during a 3 h time window that coincided with high tide and maximum low‐frequency reef flat wave heights. The relatively low‐relief characteristics of this narrow reef flat may further drive shoreline amplification of low‐frequency waves due to resonance modes. These results (1) demonstrate how the coupling of high offshore water levels with low‐frequency reef flat wave energetics can lead to large impacts along fringing reef‐lined shorelines, such as island overwash, and (2) lend support to the hypothesis that predicted higher sea levels will lead to more frequent occurrences of these extreme events, negatively impacting coastal resources and infrastructure.
Decadal‐scale thermohaline variability in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Hutchinson K. , Swart S. , Meijers A. , Ansorge I. , Speich S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAn enhanced Altimetry Gravest Empirical Mode (AGEM), including both adiabatic and diabatic trends, is developed for the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) south of Africa using updated hydrographic CTD sections, Argo data, and satellite altimetry. This AGEM has improved accuracy compared to traditional climatologies and other proxy methods. The AGEM for the Atlantic Southern Ocean offers an ideal technique to investigate the thermohaline variability over the past two decades in a key region for water mass exchanges and transformation. In order to assess and attribute changes in the hydrography of the region, we separate the changes into adiabatic and diabatic components. Integrated over the upper 2000 dbar of the ACC south of Africa, results show mean adiabatic changes of 0.16 ± 0.11°C decade−1 and 0.006 ± 0.014 decade−1, and diabatic differences of −0.044 ± 0.13°C decade−1 and −0.01 ± 0.017 decade−1 for temperature and salinity, respectively. The trends of the resultant AGEM, that include both adiabatic and diabatic variability (termed AD‐AGEM), show a significant increase in the heat content of the upper 2000 dbar of the ACC with a mean warming of 0.12 ± 0.087°C decade−1. This study focuses on the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) mass where negative diabatic trends dominate positive adiabatic differences in the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ), with results indicating a cooling (−0.17°C decade−1) and freshening (−0.032 decade−1) of AAIW in this area, whereas south of the SAZ positive adiabatic and diabatic trends together create a cumulative warming (0.31°C decade−1) and salinification (0.014 decade−1) of AAIW.
The integrated dayside merging rate is controlled primarily by the solar wind
Authors: Lopez Ramon E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAn argument is presented to support the view that the rate of merging between the geomagnetic field and the interplanetary magnetic field across the dayside magnetosphere is controlled primarily by the solar wind parameters. The controlling parameters are the solar wind electric field in the Earth's frame of reference and the solar wind magnetosonic fast mode Mach number. These factors control to first order the total amount of magnetic flux that is carried by the magnetosheath flow to the dayside merging region. We argue that the global dayside merging rate is governed by the amount of flux that is delivered to the dayside merging line by the magnetosheath flow. The ionospheric conductance also plays an important role by modulating the shape of the magnetospheric obstacle around which the magnetosheath flow is deflected. The local conditions at the magnetopause, especially changes in magnetospheric plasma density will affect the local reconnection rate, but not the global dayside merging rate because to change the global merging rate the entire pattern of magnetosheath flow must be changed. The conceptual model presented here can explain how dayside merging depends on solar wind values, including both linear and nonlinear dependencies, through the application of a single, unifying perspective, without the need for ad hoc mechanisms that limit the dayside merging rate.
Ellis Van Creveld2 is Required for Postnatal Craniofacial Bone Development
Authors: Badri Mohammed K. , Zhang Honghao , Ohyama Yoshio , Venkitapathi Sundharamani , Kamiya Nobuhiro , Takeda Haruko , Ray Manas , Scott Greg , Tsuji Takehito , Kunieda Tetsuo , Mishina Yuji , Mochida Yoshiyuki 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTEllis‐van Creveld (EvC) syndrome is a genetic disorder with mutations in either EVC or EVC2 gene. Previous case studies reported that EvC patients underwent orthodontic treatment, suggesting the presence of craniofacial bone phenotypes. To investigate whether a mutation in EVC2 gene causes a craniofacial bone phenotype, Evc2 knockout (KO) mice were generated and cephalometric analysis was performed. The heads of wild type (WT), heterozygous (Het) and homozygous Evc2 KO mice (1‐, 3‐, and 6‐week‐old) were prepared and cephalometric analysis based on the selected reference points on lateral X‐ray radiographs was performed. The linear and angular bone measurements were then calculated, compared between WT, Het and KO and statistically analyzed at each time point. Our data showed that length of craniofacial bones in KO was significantly lowered by ∼20% to that of WT and Het, the growth of certain bones, including nasal bone, palatal length, and premaxilla was more affected in KO, and the reduction in these bone length was more significantly enhanced at later postnatal time points (3 and 6 weeks) than early time point (1 week). Furthermore, bone‐to‐bone relationship to cranial base and cranial vault in KO was remarkably changed, i.e. cranial vault and nasal bone were depressed and premaxilla and mandible were developed in a more ventral direction. Our study was the first to show the cause‐effect relationship between Evc2 deficiency and craniofacial defects in EvC syndrome, demonstrating that Evc2 is required for craniofacial bone development and its deficiency leads to specific facial bone growth defect. Anat Rec, 299:1110–1120, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.