bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precision Aliphatic Polyesters with Alternating Microstructures via Cross‐Metathesis Polymerization: An Event of Sequence Control
Authors: Li Zi‐Long , Zeng Fu‐Rong , Ma Ji‐Mei , Sun Lin‐Hao , Zeng Zhen , Jiang Hong 
Published: April 2017

Sequence‐regulated polymerization is realized upon sequential cross‐metathesis polymerization (CMP) and exhaustive hydrogenation to afford precision aliphatic polyesters with alternating sequences. This strategy is particularly suitable for the arrangement of well‐known monomer units including glycolic acid, lactic acid, and caprolactic acid on polymer chain in a predetermined sequence. First of all, structurally asymmetric monomers bearing acrylate and α‐olefin terminuses are generated in an efficient and straightforward fashion. Subsequently, cross‐metathesis (co)polymerization of M1 and M2 using the Hoveyda–Grubbs second‐generation catalyst (HG‐II) furnishes P1–P3, respectively. Finally, hydrogenation yields the desired saturated polyesters HP1–HP3. It is noteworthy that the ε‐caprolactone‐derived unit is generated in situ rather than introduced to tailor‐made monomers prior to CMP. NMR and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS) results verify the microstructural periodicity of these precision polyesters. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results reflect that polyesters without methyl side groups exhibit crystallinity, and unsaturated polyester samples show higher glass transition temperatures than their hydrogenated counterparts owing to structural rigidity.
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Ionic conducting membranes based on new sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone)s for fuel cell applications
Authors: Chauveau Edouard , Marestin Catherine , Mercier Régis , Espuche Eliane , Morin Arnaud 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThe synthesis and characterization of new di‐ and tetra‐sulfonated ether diketone monomers are described. From these monomers, a wide series of sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone)s (SPAEK) are synthesized by varying the sulfonic acid repartition along the polymer backbones. Their chemical structures are thoroughly characterized by NMR. From these polymers tough membranes are obtained from solution casting method and their water uptake, ionic conductivity, and water/gas permeation properties are determined and compared with those of Nafion membrane. Preliminary fuel cell tests show that SPAEK membranes are promising candidates for fuel cell application. This work brings new insights concerning the beneficial effects of introducing densely sulfonated monomers in a polyarylether macromolecular structure along with fluorinated groups improving conductivity while reducing unwanted excessive swelling. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 771–777
Poisson progressive mean control chart
Authors: Abbasi Saddam Akber 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn real life applications, many process‐monitoring problems in statistical process control are based on attribute data resulting from quality characteristics that cannot be measured on numerical or quantitative scales. For the monitoring of such data, a new attribute control chart has been proposed in this study, namely, the Poisson progressive Mean (PPM) control chart. The performance of the PPM chart is compared with the existing charts used for the monitoring of Poisson processes such as the Shewhart c‐chart, Poisson Exponentially Weighted Moving Average chart, Poisson double Exponentially Weighted Moving Average chart and the Poisson Cumulative Sum charts. The average run length comparison indicated the superior performance of the PPM chart in terms of shift detection ability. This study will help quality practitioners to choose an efficient attribute control chart.
Clinical outcome of various metformin treatments for women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Matsuzaki Toshiya , Tungalagsuvd Altankhuu , Iwasa Takeshi , Munkhzaya Munkhsaikhan , Yano Kiyohito , Mayila Yiliyasi , Tokui Takako , Yanagihara Rie , Matsui Sumika , Kato Takeshi , Kuwahara Akira , Irahara Minoru 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAimPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an ovulatory disorder and insulin resistance and diabetes are involved in its pathophysiology. Metformin, an anti‐diabetic agent, has been reported to be useful to induce ovulation.MethodsMetformin treatment was classified into four types: (1) clomiphene–metformin combination treatment for clomiphene‐resistant patients; (2) clomiphene–metformin combination for clomiphene‐sensitive patients; (3) clomiphene–metformin combination for naïve patients; and (4) metformin monotherapy. The patients underwent physical, endocrinological, and clinical examinations for their ovulation rates, pregnancy rates, and follicular development.ResultsThe ovulation rates, pregnancy rates, and single follicular development were not significantly different among the clomiphene–metformin combination treatment groups. In the Body Mass Index (BMI) subanalysis, the pregnancy rate was higher in the BMI≥30 kg/m2 group than in the other three groups with a BMI of ≤30 kg/m2 in both cycles and cases. The ovulation rates and pregnancy rates were significantly higher in the group with a fasting insulin of ≥15 μU/mL than in the groups with a fasting insulin of <15 μU/mL in both cycles and cases.ConclusionClomiphene–metformin combination treatment appears to be useful, at least for clomiphene‐resistant patients, and a BMI of >30 kg/m2 and a fasting insulin of ≥15 μU/mL appear to be predictors of a good result with this treatment.
Human Kidney-Derived Cells Ameliorate Acute Kidney Injury Without Engrafting into Renal Tissue
Authors: Santeramo Ilaria , Herrera Perez Zeneida , Illera Ana , Taylor Arthur , Kenny Simon , Murray Patricia , Wilm Bettina , Gretz Norbert 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that CD133+ cells isolated from human kidney biopsies have the potential to ameliorate injury following intravenous (IV) administration in rodent models of kidney disease by integrating into damaged renal tissue and generating specialized renal cells. However, whether renal engraftment of CD133+ cells is a prerequisite for ameliorating injury has not yet been unequivocally resolved. Here, we have established a cisplatin-induced nephropathy model in immunodeficient rats to assess the efficacy of CD133+ human kidney cells in restoring renal health, and to determine the fate of these cells after systemic administration. Specifically, following IV administration, we evaluated the impact of the CD133+ cells on renal function by undertaking longitudinal measurements of the glomerular filtration rate using a novel transcutaneous device. Using histological assays, we assessed whether the human kidney cells could promote renal regeneration, and if this was related to their ability to integrate into the damaged kidneys. Our results show that both CD133+ and CD133− cells improve renal function and promote renal regeneration to a similar degree. However, this was not associated with engraftment of the cells into the kidneys. Instead, after IV administration, both cell types were exclusively located in the lungs, and had disappeared by 24 hours. Our data therefore indicate that renal repair is not mediated by CD133+ cells homing to the kidneys and generating specialized renal cells. Instead, renal repair is likely to be mediated by paracrine or endocrine factors.
What Constitutes Contemporary Corporate Water Accounting? A Review from a Management Perspective
Authors: Christ Katherine L. , Burritt Roger L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWith growing recognition that management and measurement of water risks and opportunities are of ongoing concern to business, corporate water accounting has emerged as an innovation for corporate strategy and action. However, there is little prior research available for those looking for guidance in water accounting. The paper addresses this situation through a literature review, which identifies and discusses five key elements from the dispersed water accounting literature: level of analysis, type of data, timeframe, categorization and evaluation of water risks, and transdisciplinarity. Through these elements a framework for effective corporate water accounting is revealed, important internal and external relationships highlighted and guidance about the elements of this innovation provided for academics, practitioners and policy‐makers such that water threat can be converted to water opportunity. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Gas Correction Factors for Vacuum Pressure Gauges
Authors: Grinham Rebecca , Chew Andrew 
Published: April 2017

AbstractVacuum pressure gauges will typically arrive from a manufacturer calibrated for nitrogen; for other gases, to avoid potentially significant measurement errors, a correction factor must be used to convert ‘measured’ or ‘indicated’ pressure to ‘true’ pressure. The correction factors used are influenced by a large number of factors and these vary with gauge type. In this article the factors leading to varying gauge sensitivity with different gases are examined and values for correction factors provided by manufacturers and in literature are presented.
Plasmaprozesse für 3D‐Formteile
Authors: Cord Bernhard , Klostermann Heidrun , Wurczinger Dieter 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPlasma‐ und Vakuumbeschichtungstechniken haben heute Einzug in nahezu allen Bereichen unseres Lebens gehalten. So ist heute die Mikroelektronik, jeder Flachbildschirm, Wärmedämmscheiben, die Solartechnik, DVD's oder Blu‐ray Disc's, Werkzeuge, optische Komponenten und vieles mehr, nicht mehr ohne Plasmabeschichtung denkbar. Ein wesentlicher Qualitätsaspekt ist die Erzielung der gewünschten Eigenschaft mit hoher Gleichmäßigkeit auf den beanspruchten Oberflächen. Für planare oder leicht gekrümmte Oberflächen ist dies mit angepassten Plasmaquellen gut zu erreichen. Wenn jedoch 3D‐Formteile zu behandeln sind, steigt der Aufwand für eine gleichmäßige Behandlung und erfordert angepasste, teils komplexe Bewegungsregime der Teile während der Behandlung. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird an einigen Beispielen die Plasmavorbehandlung und Plasmabeschichtung von 3D‐Bauteilen mittels unterschiedlicher Verfahren vorgestellt.
Energieeffiziente Vakuumversorgung bei der Lebensmittelverpackung
Authors: Merkle Uli 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMöglichst energieeffizient Vakuum für die Verpackung von frischen Lebensmitteln zu erzeugen, ist das Ziel von Lebensmittelproduzenten. Der Artikel zeigt auf, dass es nicht ausreicht, den Energieverbrauch einzelner Vakuumpumpen zu vergleichen, sondern dass der komplette Verpackungsprozess genauestens analysiert werden muss. Zum einen sollten Vakuumpumpen selbstverständlich mit energieeffizienten Antriebsmotoren ausgestattet sein, aber auch die Steuerung, die Kombination von Vakuumpumpen bis hin zur zentralen Vakuumversorgung sollten durchdacht werden. Auch Themen wie die Wärmeabfuhr, bzw. Wärmenutzung, sowie der Aufwand für die Klimatisierung der Produktionsräume haben gravierenden Einfluss auf die Energieeffizienz eines Verpackungsprozesses und müssen deshalb mitberücksichtigt werden.
Finiteness and rational sequences, constructively
Authors: UUSTALU TARMO , VELTRI NICCOLÒ 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRational sequences are possibly infinite sequences with a finite number of distinct suffixes. In this paper, we present different implementations of rational sequences in Martin–Löf type theory. First, we literally translate the above definition of rational sequence into the language of type theory, i.e., we construct predicates on possibly infinite sequences expressing the finiteness of the set of suffixes. In type theory, there exist several inequivalent notions of finiteness. We consider two of them, listability and Noetherianness, and show that in the implementation of rational sequences the two notions are interchangeable. Then we introduce the type of lists with backpointers, which is an inductive implementation of rational sequences. Lists with backpointers can be unwound into rational sequences, and rational sequences can be truncated into lists with backpointers. As an example, we see how to convert the fractional representation of a rational number into its decimal representation and vice versa.
Evaluation of myocardial deformation in patients with Kawasaki disease using speckle-tracking echocardiography during mid-term follow-up
Authors: Dedeoglu Reyhan , Barut Kenan , Oztunc Funda , Atik Sezen , Adrovic Amra , Sahin Sezgin , Cengiz Dicle , Kasapcopur Ozgur 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSpeckle-tracking echocardiography is a recently developed technique for the evaluation of myocardial deformation or strain. Our objective was to examine strain through a mid-term follow-up of patients with Kawasaki disease.MethodsWe explored left ventricular mechanics using speckle-tracking echocardiography in 35 patients with a history of Kawasaki disease at least 6 months after the acute phase. We also included 30 healthy children as controls. Strain data sets were acquired for the quantification of left ventricular global strain, segmental strain, and left ventricular ejection fraction.ResultsThe mean age of our patients was 25.6±15.4 months. At a median follow-up of 57.5 months (16.5–98.2), although both values were in the normal range, the mean left ventricular ejection proportion of patients (57.3%) was a little lower than that of controls (p⩽0.05). Patient strain values at the basal inferoseptal (20.0), basal anterolateral (19.5), apical septal (23.3), and apical inferior (24.0) segments were lower compared with controls. In all, seven patients had coronary aneurysms during follow-up. Kawasaki disease patients with pyuria had lower left ventricular strain at the mid anterior, mid anteroseptal, apical anterior, and apical inferior segments and global longitudinal strain compared with patients with no pyuria (p⩽0.05).ConclusionIn children with a history of Kawasaki disease, impairment of left ventricular mechanics occurs especially within the left anterior descending artery territories.
Perceptions and behaviours towards high body weight among adults in Northeast China
Authors: Gao Chunshi , Lv Xin , Yin Yutian , Song Yuanyuan , Zhang Peng , Wang Rui , Jiang Lingling , Wang Yuhan , Yu Yaqin , Li Bo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of high weight at different characteristics, understand the perceptions and behaviours towards high body weight, and determine potential influencing factors of body weight misperception among high-weight adults in Jilin Province.DesignA cross-sectional survey with complex sampling design was conducted. We described the prevalence and perception of high body weight.SettingNortheast China in 2012.SubjectsAdults (n20 552) aged 18–79 years.ResultsOf overweight individuals, 37·4 % considered themselves as ‘normal weight’, 4·8 % reported themselves as being ‘very thin’ and only 53·1 % were aware of their own weight being ‘overweight’. About 1·8 % of both male and female obese individuals perceived themselves as ‘very thin’. Only 29·1 % of obese people thought of themselves as ‘too fat’. Nearly 30·0 % of centrally obese men and women perceived that their waist circumference was about right and they were of ‘normal weight’; 5·7 % of the centrally obese even perceived themselves as being ‘very thin’. Only 51·8 and 12·5 % of centrally obese individuals reported themselves to be ‘overweight’ or ‘too fat’. Body weight misperception was more common in rural residents (OR; 95 % CI: 1·340; 1·191, 1·509). The prevalence of body weight misperception increased with age (middle age: 1·826; 1·605, 2·078; old people: 3·101; 2·648, 3·632) and declined with increased education level (junior middle school: 0·628; 0·545, 0·723; senior middle school: 0·498; 0·426, 0·583; undergraduate and above: 0·395; 0·320, 0·487).ConclusionsBody weight misperception was common among adults from Jilin Province.
DEMOCRATIC TENDENCIES: LIBERAL PROTESTANTISM AND THE GROWTH OF AMERICAN PLURALISM
Authors: RASMUSSEN JOEL D. S. 
Published: April 2017

In a recent collection of essays assessing the thought of William James in transatlantic perspective, Berkeley historian emeritus David Hollinger opened his contribution by recounting two memorable exchanges:
The sermon at William James's funeral on 30 August 1910 was preached by the Reverend George A. Gordon, a name recognized today only by religious history specialists, but in 1910 a pulpiteer so prominent that he was sometimes described as “the Matterhorn of the Protestant Alps” . . . Gordon, a close friend of James, was the minister of Boston's Old South Congregational Church. When the great philosopher died on 26 August, his widow immediately selected Gordon to perform the service. Mrs. James made clear to Gordon why she wanted him. You are “a man of faith,” which “is what [William] was.” About this she was firm, apprising Gordon that she wanted at this funeral service “no hesitation or diluted utterance” in speaking about faith.Mrs. James had good reason to say these things. Her late husband had been candid about his feelings of spiritual solidarity with Gordon. “You and I seem to be working . . . towards the same end (the Kingdom of Heaven, namely),” James had written to his clergyman friend not long before, although [he claimed Gordon did] this “more openly and immediately” than [he did].
Die Rolle von adaptiver und maladaptiver Emotionsregulation bei Pflegekindern mit Misshandlungserfahrung
Authors: Job Ann-Katrin , Lohaus Arnold , Konrad Kerstin , Scharke Wolfgang , Reindl Vanessa , Heinrichs Nina 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Es wird angenommen, dass der familiäre Kontext einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung der kindlichen Emotionsregulation hat. Bei Pflegekindern wird durch die Fremdplatzierung entscheidend Einfluss auf den familiären Kontext genommen. Pflegekinder mit Misshandlungs- oder Vernachlässigungserfahrungen haben außerdem ein erhöhtes Risiko emotionale und Verhaltensauffälligkeiten zu entwickeln. In dieser Studie wird der Einfluss ausgewählter Variablen des familiären Kontextes auf die Emotionsregulation junger Kinder in zwei Stichproben untersucht. Fragestellung: Wie hängt das elterliche Erziehungsverhalten mit der kindlichen Emotionsregulation und beides wiederum mit kindlichen emotionalen und Verhaltensauffälligkeiten zusammen? Methode: Die primären Bezugspersonen von 99 Kindern, die in ihrer Herkunftsfamilie aufwachsen, und 51 Pflegekindern, die in den letzten 24 Monaten in einer Pflegefamilie untergebracht wurden, berichteten über das eigene Erziehungsverhalten, die kindliche Emotionsregulation sowie psychische Auffälligkeiten ihres (Pflege–)Kindes im Alter von 2;0 bis 7;11 Jahren. Ergebnisse: Während das Erziehungsverhalten bei den Herkunftsfamilien signifikant die Nutzung adaptiver (nicht aber maladaptiver) Emotionsregulationsstrategien vorhersagte, ergaben sich bei den Pflegefamilien diesbezüglich keine signifikanten Zusammenhänge. Der signifikante Einfluss maladaptiver Emotionsregulationsstrategien auf psychische Auffälligkeiten fand sich in beiden Stichproben. Schlussfolgerungen: Dass der Einfluss des familiären Kontexts auf die Emotionsregulation in den Herkunftsfamilien größer ist als in den Pflegefamilien, könnte auf mögliche konfundierende genetische Effekte oder darauf zurückzuführen sein, dass die Einflussmöglichkeiten der Herkunftsfamilien-Eltern bereits über längere Zeiträume bestanden. Insbesondere bezogen auf die Pflegefamilien bieten die Ergebnisse verschiedene Ansatzpunkte für Interventionen.
Kindesmissbrauch und Reviktimisierung
Authors: Langer Lioba , Catani Claudia 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Studien zum Reviktimisierungsphänomen haben bisher hauptsächlich den Effekt von sexuellen Gewalterfahrungen in der Kindheit auf sexuelle Reviktimisierung überprüft. Dabei zeigte sich, dass sexuelle Gewalterfahrungen in der Kindheit die Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Erleben sexueller Gewalterfahrungen im Erwachsenenalter erhöhen. Ein zusätzlich vorliegender physischer Kindesmissbrauch verstärkt dieses Risiko nochmals. Forschungsbedarf besteht allerdings hinsichtlich physischer Reviktimisierung sowie bezüglich der Frage nach dem spezifischen Einfluss sexueller, körperlicher und emotionaler Missbrauchserfahrungen in der Kindheit. Fragestellung: Ziel dieser empirischen Studie ist es zu untersuchen, inwiefern die verschiedenen Typen von Gewalterfahrungen in der Kindheit mit den verschiedenen Formen von Gewalterfahrungen im Erwachsenenalter zusammenhängen. Methode: Bei 142 Frauen im Alter von 19 – 66 Jahren wurden in einer Onlineerhebung sexuelle, physische und emotionale Gewalterfahrungen, getrennt für Kindheit und Erwachsenenalter, sowie aktuelle Symptome einer Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) und einer Depression erfasst. Ergebnisse: Lineare Regressionen zeigten, dass sexuelle und physische Gewalterfahrungen in der Kindheit sexuelle Gewalterfahrungen im Erwachsenenalter vorhersagten (stand.Beta-Koeffizienten .49*** und .20*). Physische und emotionale Gewalterfahrungen in der Kindheit zeigten sich hingegen als spezifische Prädiktoren für physische Gewalterfahrungen im Erwachsenenalter (stand.Beta-Koeffizienten .67*** und .20**). Schlussfolgerung: Der Befund, dass unterschiedliche Typen von Missbrauchserleben in der Kindheit mit jeweils verschiedenen Arten der Viktimisierung im Erwachsenenalter zusammenhängen, hat wesentliche Implikationen für die Praxis, insbesondere für die Entwicklung effektiverer Ansätze zur Prävention von wiederholtem Gewalterleben.
Racetrack memory based on in-plane-field controlled domain-wall pinning
Authors: Ummelen Fanny , Swagten Henk , Koopmans Bert 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMagnetic domain wall motion could be the key to the next generation of data storage devices, shift registers without mechanically moving parts. Various concepts of such so-called ‘racetrack memories’ have been developed, but they are usually plagued by the need for high current densities or complex geometrical requirements. We introduce a new device concept, based on the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), of which the importance in magnetic thin films was recently discovered. In this device the domain walls are moved solely by magnetic fields. Unidirectionality is created utilizing the recent observation that the strength with which a domain wall is pinned at an anisotropy barrier depends on the direction of the in-plane field due to the chiral nature of DMI. We demonstrate proof-of-principle experiments to verify that unidirectional domain-wall motion is achieved and investigate several material stacks for this novel device including a detailed analysis of device performance for consecutive pinning and depinning processes.
Elevated levels of Wnt signaling disrupt thymus morphogenesis and function
Authors: Swann Jeremy B. , Happe Christiane , Boehm Thomas 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAll vertebrates possess a thymus, whose epithelial microenvironment is essential for T cell development and maturation. Despite the importance of the thymus for cellular immune defense, many questions surrounding its morphogenesis remain unanswered. Here, we demonstrate that, in contrast to the situation in many other epithelial cell types, differentiation of thymic epithelial cells (TECs) proceeds normally in the absence of canonical Wnt signaling and the classical adhesion molecule E-cadherin. By contrast, TEC-intrinsic activation of β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling blocks the morphogenesis of the thymus, and overexpression of a secreted Wnt ligand by TECs dominantly modifies the morphogenesis not only of the thymus, but also of the parathyroid and thyroid. These observations indicate that Wnt signaling activity in the thymus needs to be precisely controlled to support normal TEC differentiation, and suggest possible mechanisms underlying anatomical variations of the thymus, parathyroid and thyroid in humans.