bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AI-powered precursor quantification in atmospheric pressure plasma jet thin film deposition via optical emission spectroscopy
Authors: Chen Mao-Chuan , Lee Yun-Chung , Tee Jia-He , Lee Ming-Tsang , Ting Chuan-Kang , Juang Jia-Yang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study explores the feasibility of using Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) for in situ monitoring of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet systems in the deposition of thin films. We identify process parameters to control film properties by machine learning for data analysis. In experiments, the depth of the carrier gas inlet pipe (pipe depth) is a crucial controllable variable that directly affects the amount of precursor, influencing the film’s thickness, sheet resistance, and resistivity. We collected 96 000 spectra while preparing 12 film samples, subsequently measured the properties of the samples, and analyzed the spectral data using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and seven supervised machine learning models. A high correlation was found between spectral features and film thickness. We divided the spectral data in a single process based on processing time into the first third (F-third) and the last third (L-third). Using the F-third data, the PCA plot clearly indicated a significant difference between the two pipe depths, achieving a mean recognition accuracy of 95.1% with machine learning models. In contrast, using the L-third data, the PCA plot showed a high degree of overlap between the two pipe depths, resulting in a considerable decline in recognition performance. Overall, it is challenging to distinguish the spectra visually due to variations in precursor amounts and dynamic fluctuations in the OES signals, even after averaging. Nonetheless, through the successful application of machine learning, we demonstrated an effective spectral recognition system for monitoring pipe depth, which aids in the timely control of film properties.
A mathematical modeling of patient-derived lung cancer stem cells with fractional-order derivative
Authors: Özköse Fatma , Yılmaz Seçil , Şenel M Tamer , Yavuz Mehmet , Townley Stuart , Doğan Sarıkaya Medine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The aim of this article is to help predict the course of lung cancer patients. To make this prediction as close to reality as possible, we used data from lung cancer patients receiving treatment at Erciyes University Hospitals in Kayseri, Turkey. First, we developed a mathematical model considering the cells in the microenvironment of lung cancer tumors with the assistance of Caputo fractional derivatives. Subsequently, we identified the equilibrium points of the proposed mathematical model and examined the coexistence equilibrium point. In addition, we demonstrated the existence and uniqueness of the solutions through the fixed-point theorem. We also investigated the positivity and boundedness of the model’s solutions to show whether they are biologically meaningful. Using laboratory experimental results from cancer stem cells isolated from resected tumor tissues of lung cancer patients, we determined the most biologically realistic parameter values through the least squares curve fitting approach. Then, using these parameter values, we performed numerical simulations with the Adams-Bashforth-Moulton predictor-corrector method to validate the theoretical results. We considered different values of fractional derivatives to investigate how the model is affected by fractional derivatives. As a result, we obtained the dynamics and expectations of lung cancer and made predictions specific to individual patients. In our simulations based on the parameter values obtained from actual patient data, it has been observed that after a certain period, both tumor cells and cancer stem cells have been eliminated. Consequently, an increase in normal tissue cells and immune cells has been observed. This implies that the patient in question, and similar behaving patients, will recover and overcome cancer. The findings from this study provide insights into the dynamics and prognosis of lung cancer, opening up the possibility for more personalized and effective approaches to treatment.
All-optical broadband terahertz modulator based on CdS NWs/Si heterojunction and interface photoconductivity analysis
Authors: Li Shuhan , Zhang Fan , Han Qing , Zhou Minjie , Yan Lili , Tan Yue , Li Xiaoxiao , Li Ao , Abulimiti Bumaliya , Li Zhiqiang , Fang Pengfei , Jin Bing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A high-performance, low-cost terahertz modulator is fabricated by spin-coating CdS nanowires onto silicon. This all-optical modulator achieves broadband modulation (0.4–1.6 THz) with a significant depth of 85% at a low power density (2 W cm−2), exceeding bare silicon by fourfold. THz-TDS confirms its terahertz amplitude modulation capability. Tests of the simple photonic switch further illustrate the modulator’s potential for carrying information on a terahertz transmission wave. The modulation mechanism is explained through energy band theory and photoconductivity data. This work also presents a novel method for probing heterostructure formation using THz-TDS with laser irradiation.
Impact of gamma irradiation on optical and nonlinear properties of Indium chloride phthalocyanine thin films
Authors: El-Zaidia E F M , Qashou Saleem I , Yahia I S , Abdel-Galil A , Darwish A A A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of gamma radiation on indium chloride phthalocyanine (lnPcCl) thin films, which were prepared via vacuum thermal evaporation. x-ray diffraction revealed the amorphous structure of the films, with increasing gamma doses causing more noticeable structural disorders. Optical analysis showed a slight decrease in the optical band gap energy and a significant reduction in the fundamental band gap energy. Additionally, higher gamma doses led to decreased transmittance and increased reflectance. The study also observed substantial enhancements in nonlinear optical parameters, such as third-order nonlinear susceptibility (χ(3)) and nonlinear refractive index (n
2). These findings suggest the potential of gamma-irradiated lnPcCl films for advanced optoelectronic and nonlinear optical applications.
Axion-photon mixing in 3D: classical equations and geometric optics
Authors: McDonald J.I. , Millington P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLight particle-photon mixing in magnetised plasmas plays a vital role in constraining the existence of new physics, especially axions, dark photons, and ultra-high-frequency gravitational waves. Recently, we derived an expression for the resonant conversion of axions to photons in inhomogeneous media using kinetic theory to derive photon transport equations. In this work, we show how the same expression for the conversion probability can be obtained from the classical wave equations of axion-electrodynamics by deriving an equivalent transport equation along the photon worldline. This result provides further corroboration of this expression for the resonant production of photons from light particles, which has also recently been supported by independent numerical simulations of full axion-electrodynamics. In addition, this new approach provides a more general expression that accounts for mixing away from resonance, which is integrated along the whole worldline of the photon in a way that naturally incorporates a curved photon trajectory relevant to refractive media where the photon and light-particle worldlines differ.
Cosmological constraints on curved quintessence
Authors: Bhattacharya Sukannya , Borghetto Giulia , Malhotra Ameek , Parameswaran Susha , Tasinato Gianmassimo , Zavala Ivonne 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDynamical dark energy has gained renewed interest due to recent theoretical and observational developments. In the present paper, we focus on a string-motivated dark energy set-up, and perform a detailed cosmological analysis of exponential quintessence with potentialV=V0eλϕ-, allowing for non-zero spatial curvature. We first gain some physical intuition into the full evolution of such a scenario by analysing the corresponding dynamical system. Then, we test the model using a combination ofPlanckCMB data, DESI BAO data, as well as recent supernovae datasets. For the model parameterλ, we obtain a preference for nonzero values:λ= 0.48+0.28-0.21, 0.68+0.31-0.20, 0.77+0.18-0.15at 68% C.L. when combining CMB+DESI with Pantheon+, Union3 and DES-Y5 supernovae datasets respectively. We find no significant hint for spatial curvature. We discuss the implications of current cosmological results for the exponential quintessence model, and more generally for dark energy in string theory.
Spherical quantum dot described by a scalar exponential potential under the influence of a linear electric field
Authors: Bakke K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study the confinement of a spinless charged particle to a spherical quantum dot under the influence of a linear electric field. The spherical quantum dot is described by a short-range potential given by the power-exponential potential. Then, by analysing the region near the spherical quantum dot centre, we discuss two cases where the energy levels can be obtained for s-waves and how the linear electric field modifies the spectrum of energy of the spherical quantum dot.
A brief review of numerical methods for solving the boundary value problems of PDE
Authors: El-metwaly A R , Kamal M A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In science and engineering, partial differential equations (PDEs) are employed for modeling and comprehending an extensive variety of physical phenomena. Solving these equations analytically is complicated and requires a lot of research and time. Mesh-based and meshless techniques are two popular ways to solve PDEs numerically. Mesh-based methods depend on breaking up the computational domain into a structured or unstructured mesh. These methods are accurate and based on well-established theories. However, they often have challenges with complex geometries, flexibility, and the high cost of computation that comes with mesh generation and refinement. On the other hand, meshless methods are a different way to do things that don’t require meshing. Instead, these methods use a number of points that are spread out to get close to the solution. It can handle complex geometries, is easy to implement, and is easier to deal with problems that have boundaries or interfaces that change. This paper provides a summary of solving PDEs using both mesh-based and meshless approaches, with a focus on elasticity implementation. In addition to explaining the characteristics of each of the two numerical methods.
The solution of Rough Bilevel Nonlinear Programming Problem by using Trust-Region Penalty Method
Authors: Elsisy M. A. , Abo-Elnaga Y. , Nasry Zaky Hany , Alsobky Wageda I. , ELhelow K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper, the rough bilevel nonlinear programming problem (RBNPP) is discussed taking into consideration which level is more important than the other. BNPP is transformed into a crisp unconstrained programming problem. A trust-region method is used to ensure the global convergence of the algorithm. The mechanism of solving RBNPP is presented. There are many situations of roughness in these problems are discussed. The solution procedures for solving all roughness situations are introduced based on the new proposed methodology. The definitions of solutions are defined in all different situations. Also, we show the definition of the fully optimal solution of the BNPPs. Finally, numerical examples are given to show solution procedures of a RBNPP based on the new methodology.
A biomimetic fruit fly robot for studying the neuromechanics of legged locomotion
Authors: Goldsmith Clarus A , Haustein Moritz , Büschges Ansgar , Szczecinski Nicholas S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For decades, the field of biologically inspired robotics has leveraged insights from animal locomotion to improve the walking ability of legged robots. Recently, ‘biomimetic’ robots have been developed to model how specific animals walk. By prioritizing biological accuracy to the target organism rather than the application of general principles from biology, these robots can be used to develop detailed biological hypotheses for animal experiments, ultimately improving our understanding of the biological control of legs while improving technical solutions. In this work, we report the development and validation of the robot Drosophibot II, a meso-scale robotic model of an adult fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. This robot is novel for its close attention to the kinematics and dynamics of Drosophila, an increasingly important model of legged locomotion. Each leg’s proportions and degrees of freedom have been modeled after Drosophila 3D pose estimation data. We developed a program to automatically solve the inverse kinematics necessary for walking and solve the inverse dynamics necessary for mechatronic design. By applying this solver to a fly-scale body structure, we demonstrate that the robot’s dynamics fit those modeled for the fly. We validate the robot’s ability to walk forward and backward via open-loop straight line walking with biologically inspired foot trajectories. This robot will be used to test biologically inspired walking controllers informed by the morphology and dynamics of the insect nervous system, which will increase our understanding of how the nervous system controls legged locomotion.
Impaction-based exhaled breath sampling for substance monitoring: a prospective pilot study (Drugxhale)
Authors: de Jong Lutea A A , Olyslager Erik J H , Wieferink Jan A , Keizer Maarten , Cornielje Tobias , Zuidema Robbert P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For decades, intake monitoring of drugs using urine as the matrix of choice is the gold standard in drug treatment centers. A properly conducted urine drug test can identify recent use of prescribed, non-prescribed and illicit drugs. However, issues like adulteration, substitution and privacy issues have driven the search for alternative matrices. This prospective pilot study evaluates the use of an impaction-based breath sampling device, Breath Explor®, as an alternative to traditional urine-based drug monitoring. Breath samples were analyzed using a validated 32-component liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Recovery data represent the efficiency of extracting the analytes from the breath devices. Both automated and manual processing of the Breath Explor® devices showed mean recovery rates ranging from 39.5% to 55.4% for the 32 analytes. Despite the small number of subjects, breath analysis proved to be a convenient and easy-to-use methodology. An overall kappa-values of 0.5 indicated a moderate level of agreement with urine analysis, underscoring its potential as a complementary diagnostic tool. All participants tested positive in their breath sample for methadone (70% methadone and 100% EDDP), while a significant portion (90%) tested positive for 6-monoacetylmorphine. This innovative approach offers several advantages, including non-invasiveness, reduced risk of adulteration, and the ability to perfom repeated automated sampling and confirmation testing. These findings suggest that breath-based substance monitoring could complement or even replace traditional urine-based methods in clinical practice.
The prioritized factors for enhancing farming and plantation education tourism in Jambu Kristal Thematic Kampong as a sustainable urban farm for Sustainable Urban Landscape in Semarang City
Authors: Natania Nysa Pertiwi NS , Yuliastuti Nany , Ardiati Hariditia Hemas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In achieving a sustainable urban landscape, urban farming can be a step to maintain the agricultural landscape and culture in urban areas. Farming in the city is implemented in Jambu Kristal Thematic Kampong in Wates Sub-district, Semarang City. Even though it has high commodity productivity of crystal guava fruit, agricultural activities have challenges. it creates the risk of a decrease in agricultural activities. So needed a way how to attract and maintain community agriculture. Therefore, it is essential to identify priority factors to enhance urban farming activities in Jambu Kristal Thematic Kampong for sustainable urban landscape. This quantitative research applies the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method. It collects data by distributing 33 questionnaires addressed to the members of the local tourism awareness community called Wisata Aware Group (Pokdarwis) of Jambu Kristal Thematic Kampong. This research found that the prioritized factors to be improved in supporting farming and education tourism activities are the attraction and farming and plantation education tourism infrastructure. So, by enhanching the performance of agricultural and tourism activities, urban agricultural activities can be sustain so that the urban landscape, especially agriculture and plantations in Semarang City, can be sustain.
Exploring landscape character assessment opportunities as a main approach for strengthening sustainability landscape conservation strategy for industrial heritage landscape settings
Authors: Qi Liu , Abidin Nor Arbina Zainal , Maliki Nor Zarifah , Sha Liu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Post-WWII industrial shifts led to urban development and the endangerment of many industrial sites, vital for their historical, cultural, and technical value to urban identity. As integral components of urban identity, industrial heritage sites embody substantial historical, cultural, and technological significance. Thus, UNESCO, ICOMOS, and TICCIH strongly advocate for the protection of these invaluable industrial heritages. However, traditional industrial heritage conservation often focuses on the protection of physical objects, overlooking their intrinsic values. This tendency poses certain challenges to the sustainable preservation of heritage. This paper investigates methods for evaluating the value of local industrial sites with the aim of enhancing community identity and belonging as well as strengthening the sustainable conservation of industrial landscapes. This paper employs landscape character assessment as a fundamental approach to analyzing an area’s features, significance, and uniqueness by considering both social and natural factors and attributing true value to the site. This paper conducted an in-depth review and analysis of the relevant fields through a systematic literature review, ensuring the quality of the literature with the PRISMA framework and MMAT tool, and then explored the feasibility and specific procedures of implementing landscape character assessment in industrial heritage conservation. The findings highlight that the protocols for identifying and valuing landscape character assessment significantly impact its effectiveness and feasibility in sustainability conservation efforts. In conclusion, this research broadens conservation strategies for industrial heritage landscapes, offering insights for future studies and significantly aiding in protecting local industrial heritage and its value.
Exploring Kajoetangan Kampung’s vibrant corridor: the interplay of sustainable mobility and expression in urban spaces
Authors: Jingga A P , Ramma Z P , Hayati A , Cahyadini S , Nugroho S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In line with the concept of paths as links and places, streets accommodate a variety of functions according to the needs of their users. This is related to the concepts of paths as links and places, where streets function according to the needs of pedestrians and other users. In this research, the phenomena of street utilization as a means of passing and expression space is seen in the Corridor area in ‘Kajoetangan Kampung’, which is one of the tourists kampungs in Malang City with high dynamics of activity within. This research uses qualitative data obtained from direct observation of several vital areas in the Corridor area and Kajoetangan Kampung at different times on the weekends. The analysis is conducted by looking at the arrangement of street furniture and buildings on the edge of the street that can accommodate human expression space seen from the activities that are intertwined between them. The research reveals the use of the street as a link and place as well as the involvement of street furniture and surrounding buildings in activating the function of the street as a place. The findings show that, at various times, the street is perceived and utilized as dynamic settings for diverse activities, ranging from socio-economic interactions to leisure and art performances. This leads to new concepts of how urban corridors become interactive, providing a lively and sustainable array of movements and expressions of urban life Introduction.
From trees to communities: a proposal for ecologically sustainable placemaking in Bandung’s urban forest
Authors: Widiyani Widiyani , Arundati Yorangga Citra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Green open spaces have become valuable urban assets that draw the attention of both residents and tourists. Nevertheless, green areas encounter budgetary difficulties when it comes to maintenance. The stakeholders require a robust strategy to manage the green area and ensure its long-term sustainability in social and economic aspects. This paper examines the literature review of urban forests and their potential as an ecologically sustainable urban placemaking concept that operates in a circular economy. The research employs a case study of PT KAI’s land property in Bandung to propose a 30-year plan to cultivate cinnamon trees as a profitable urban forest. Each 10-year phase demonstrates forest silviculture and offers residents a sense of place. After 30 years, the forest should be able to sustain itself while also providing economic benefits to stakeholders. The application of placemaking theory encompasses the design aspect and aims to stimulate citizens’ awareness about preserving the forest. By integrating ecologically sustainable methods, circular economy principles, and placemaking strategies, the suggested model guarantees the continued existence of the urban forest while also establishing it as a vibrant center that contributes to the city’s economic and social development.
The role of environmental ethics in improving the ecological behavior of urban youth in Jakarta
Authors: Tumanggor Raja Oloan , Dariyo Agoes , Nugroho Tumanggor Ludgerius Maruli 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This research wants to see to what extent the role of environmental ethics plays in improving the ecological behavior of urban youth in Jakarta is an important part of efforts to create an ecologically comfortable city life. Environmental ethics teaches ethical principles that must be considered in managing and maintaining the environment. Meanwhile, ecological behavior displays practical attitudes and actions that can be taken to maintain the surrounding environment. Paying attention to the principles of environmental ethics is expected to have a positive impact on the ecological behavior of youth in the city of Jakarta. A questionnaire was used with measuring instruments, the Environmental Ethics Scale and General Ecological Behavior (GEB), which were distributed to 37 teenagers from a middle school and early level students aged between 15-20 years in Jakarta. This research states that there is a positive relationship between environmental ethics and the ecological behavior of urban adolescents. The more teenagers understand environmental ethics, the more they can improve their ecological behavior in everyday life. If urban youth have good ecological behavior, then this will help reduce the impact of the risk of environmental pollution, which will support urban planning that will become more comfortable in the future.