bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“May all be well”: The links between compassion, psychological distress, and mindfulness in teaching in early years
Authors: Cheung Rebecca Y. M. , Kambouri Maria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the relationship between compassion and mindfulness in teaching among early years practitioners, with low levels of psychological distress as a mediator. A total of 81 early years practitioners were recruited from the United Kingdom via mass emails and announcements on social media platforms. Findings based on path analysis indicated that lower psychological distress mediated the positive relation between compassion and intrapersonal mindfulness in teaching, after controlling for level of education, years of practice, and role of practitioner. More specifically, compassion was related to psychological distress, intrapersonal mindfulness, and interpersonal mindfulness in teaching, whereas psychological distress was related to intrapersonal mindfulness, but not interpersonal mindfulness in teaching. The present findings inform early years practitioners and researchers of a differential chain of processes between compassion, psychological distress, and mindfulness in teaching.
Prediction of Anti‐Freezing Proteins From Their Evolutionary Profile
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Choudhury Shubham , Bajiya Nisha , Patiyal Sumeet , Raghava Gajendra P. S. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTPrediction of antifreeze proteins (AFPs) holds significant importance due to their diverse applications in healthcare. An inherent limitation of current AFP prediction methods is their reliance on unreviewed proteins for evaluation. This study evaluates, proposed and existing methods on an independent dataset containing 80 AFPs and 73 non‐AFPs obtained from Uniport, which have been already reviewed by experts. Initially, we constructed machine learning models for AFP prediction using selected composition‐based protein features and achieved a peak AUROC of 0.90 with an MCC of 0.69 on the independent dataset. Subsequently, we observed a notable enhancement in model performance, with the AUROC increasing from 0.90 to 0.93 upon incorporating evolutionary information instead of relying solely on the primary sequence of proteins. Furthermore, we explored hybrid models integrating our machine learning approaches with BLAST‐based similarity and motif‐based methods. However, the performance of these hybrid models either matched or was inferior to that of our best machine‐learning model. Our best model based on evolutionary information outperforms all existing methods on independent/validation dataset. To facilitate users, a user‐friendly web server with a standalone package named “AFPropred” was developed (https://webs.iiitd.edu.in/raghava/afpropred).
Glass fiber reinforced PA6 composites with high strength and high flowability by hyperbranched polyesters
Authors: Liang Xueting , Hu Qiangsheng , Cheng Kai , Jiang Yu , Chen Sufang , Zhang Daohong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLightweighting of automotives is one of the efficient strategies to save energy and reduce CO2 emission and environmental pollution. Glass fiber reinforced polyamide composites (PA/GF) have accounted for about 20% of plastic composites for automotives, showing a large potential to replace metal materials. However, it is an imperative challenge to prepare high‐strength and rapid‐processing PA/GF composites due to poor compatibility between GF and PA. Here, we have synthesized amphiphilic hyperbranched polyesters (H24‐m) containing long aliphatic chains and hydroxyl groups by esterification between hydroxyl‐ended hyperbranched polyester (H24) and stearoyl chloride (SC), which are used to prepare high‐performance GF/PA6 composites. Influence factors on the mechanical properties and melt flow index (MFI) of PA6/GF composites have also been investigated, including GF content, H24‐50 content, esterification degree of H24, and the ratio of H24‐50 to carboxyl‐ended hyperbranched polymer (HyPer C100). The obtained C100/H24‐50/PA6/GF composites show simultaneously high strength, super toughness, high MFI, and high GF content of about 60 wt%. A dispersion‐bridging‐interfacial improvement mechanism has been discovered deeply by investigating crystal behavior, rheological behavior, hydrogen bond interaction, GF length variation, and the synergistic effect of amphiphilic hyperbranched polyester and HyPer C100. This work provides a simple approach to fabricating high‐performance GF/PA6 composites for extensive application in automotive parts, showing great prospects in the lightweight of automotives.
Research progress of cardiotoxicity caused by radiotherapy in breast cancer
Authors: Xu Xiaofei , Yin Yuesong , Zhang Lixia , Wang Dongmiao , Zhou Ye , Li Qingxia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBreast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most common type of malignancy worldwide. Treatments for breast cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, and hyperthermia. Radiotherapy plays an important role in breast cancer treatment. Patients with early breast cancer can have longer survival after combined treatment, but cardiotoxicity caused by radiotherapy may affect long‐term prognosis. This article reviews cardiac damage caused by radiotherapy in breast cancer.
Testing the potential of entomopathogenic nematodes in attract‐and‐kill and autodissemination approaches in the control of Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni
Authors: Aryal Sitaram , Tilden Geraldine , Riegler Markus 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDMany studies have demonstrated that tephritid fruit fly larvae are highly susceptible to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) and may become infected as they enter the soil to pupate. However, the susceptibility of adult tephritids and their suitability as EPN targets have been less studied. We performed laboratory assays with 12 Australian EPN strains of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Heterorhabditis indica and Heterorhabditis zealandica in adults of the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni. Infective juveniles were delivered in a yeast hydrolysate solution that is attractive to flies. We also measured the flight ability of adults up to 3 days after treatment.RESULTFlies that consumed the EPN‐yeast preparation experienced 72.8–84% mortality. Between 33.5% and 46.2% of EPN‐treated adults were still able to fly before death following treatment, mostly within the first day, thereby contributing to EPN dispersal. Another 31.9–39.9% of EPN‐treated flies that were unable to fly died as a result of EPN treatment. Overall, >65% of flies that died following EPN treatment had visible signs of infection and EPN reproduction.CONCLUSIONOur study is foundational to the development of attract‐and‐kill and autodissemination approaches involving EPNs in fruit fly control. Furthermore, H. indica and H. zealandica strains showed the highest potential as biocontrol agents against adult flies. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Role of Neurotropic Viruses in Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Qiu Ziran , Liu Xinyu , Cao Wenqing , Li Rui , Yang Jun , Wang Chengyu , Li Zhong , Yao Xiaoqin , Chen Yuan , Ye Chunhua , Chen Shanzheng , Jin Na 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTNeurotropic viruses have been implicated in altering the central nervous system microenvironment and promoting brain metastasis of breast cancer through complex interactions involving viral entry mechanisms, modulation of the blood–brain barrier, immune evasion, and alteration of the tumour microenvironment. This narrative review explores the molecular mechanisms by which neurotropic viruses such as Herpes Simplex Virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Japanese Encephalitis Virus, and Rabies Virus facilitate brain metastasis, focusing on their ability to disrupt blood–brain barrier integrity, modulate immune responses, and create a permissive environment for metastatic cell survival and growth within the central nervous system. Current therapeutic implications and challenges in targeting neurotropic viruses to prevent or treat brain metastasis are discussed, highlighting the need for innovative strategies and multidisciplinary approaches in virology, oncology, and immunology.
Rapid photo‐responsive dynamic disulfide strategy for accessing self‐healing, reconfigurable shape of high‐strength shape memory polyurethane
Authors: Zhang Qingxiang , Yang Jing , Zhou Kai , Zhang Nan , Pei Xianqiang , Zhang Xinrui , Chen Shoubing , Luo Heming , Wang Tingmei , Wang Qihua , Zhang Yaoming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnabling soft shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) with self‐healing is an effective strategy to extend its service life; however, the tradeoff between high mechanical strength and rapid self‐healing to meet the practical applications remains a challenge. Herein, we prepared a polyurethane (PU) with polycarbonate diol as a soft segment, incorporating urea bonds and dynamic disulfide bonds through chain extenders. This material, denoted as PU‐NSS75, exhibited a remarkable tensile strength of 51.4 MPa, attributed to the synergistic energy dissipation effect of urea hydrogen bonding and dynamic disulfide bonds during stretching, leading to enhanced mechanical properties of the PU. The dynamic nature of the bonds, including hydrogen bonding and disulfide bonds, endowed the PU with exceptional self‐healing capabilities. Furthermore, leveraging the reversible mechanism of disulfide bonds under UV irradiation at room temperature, PU‐NSS75 achieved complete self‐healing within 1 min. This photoinduced dynamic chemical bonding also facilitated rapid reconfigure the original shape of the soft SMPU at room temperature, thus broadening its potential applications. This study offers a design approach to enhance soft shape memory polyurethane materials, while the rapid self‐healing and shape reconfiguration provide new avenues for expanding the applications of shape memory polyurethanes.
Understanding the role of pig manure, rice straw, and calcium carbonate on the cadmium pollution in soil–wheat system
Authors: Gao Qiliang , Chang Huiqing , Huang Tiangang , Zhou Rui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo explore the specific effects of pig manure and rice straw on cadmium‐contaminated soils and the effect of different mass fractions of calcium carbonate on cadmium efficacy, a pot experiment was conducted with different rates of pig manure, rice straw, and calcium carbonate. The results showed that pig manure addition increased the soil humic acid/fulvic acid ratio, thereby reducing the available Cd. The addition of calcium carbonate increased the soil pH and reduced the available Cd. The addition of pig manure and calcium carbonate significantly reduced the Cd content of wheat grains by 51.96% and 45.95%, respectively, at 3% and 5% application rates. Rice straw application reduced the soil pH, improved the soil Cd availability, and increased the accumulation of Cd in wheat grains. Compared with that in the control, the grain biomass increased significantly with 3% pig manure and 3% rice straw application, and the grain biomass increased significantly, by 58.86% and 39.11%, and 93.3% and 75.08%, respectively, in 2020 and 2021. With the application of calcium carbonate, the grain biomass of wheat first decreased and then increased. Additionally, the grain biomass significantly increased by 26.36% and 71.22%, respectively, at the 5% calcium carbonate application rate. Therefore, high application rates of pig manure (3% and 5%) have potential application in the safe production of wheat in Cd‐contaminated soils.
Perceived control predicts lower end‐of‐day stress through engagement in moderate or vigorous physical activity: A daily diary study in a US adult sample
Authors: Magin Zachary E. , Gnall Katherine E. , Emrich Mariel , Park Crystal L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPerceived control (PC) is associated with lower perceived stress, but the mechanisms of this relationship have not yet been established. The current study examined whether moderate or vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) mediated the relationship between PC and daily stress in a sample of US adults. Participants (N = 264, Mage = 34.08, 61.4% female) completed a baseline measure of two dimensions of PC (i.e., mastery and constraints), followed by 11 days of daily surveys that assessed daily MVPA and perceived stress. We employed linear mixed effects modelling to estimate the within‐and between‐person indirect effects (IE) of MVPA on the relationships between each dimension of PC and daily perceived stress. Greater PC (i.e., higher mastery and lower constraints) was associated with a higher frequency of MVPA engagement, and participants reported lower levels of end‐of‐day perceived stress on the days in which they had engaged in MVPA. We observed within‐person mediating effects of MVPA on the relationship between both PC dimensions and daily stress (mastery: within‐person IE = −0.03, 95% CI: [−0.06, −0.01]; constraints: within‐person IE = 0.03, 95% CI: [0.01, 0.06]). These findings suggest that MVPA is a potential mechanism through which US adults with greater PC experience reduced levels of daily stress. The current study illuminates a key pathway for the stress‐reducing impact of PC to inform future research and interventions targeting stress and its associated sequelae.
Hybrid Electro search beetle optimization based task scheduling and game theory SOA based resource allocation in multi cloud computing
Authors: Sreelatha Gavini , Reddy C. Kishor Kumar , Hanafiah Marlia Mohd , Madana Mohana R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe most complicated process in multi‐cloud computing is resource allocation, as it needs to cope with a number of configurations and constraints of cloud providers and customers. At the time of resource allocation, the centralized cloud broker monitors the virtual machines (VM) status, scheduling process, and fitness. However, VM scheduling is found tedious and has received huge attention in business, academia, and research. This enhances the demand for both task scheduling and resource allocation in a multi‐cloud environment. To bridge the gap between the consumer requirement and server infrastructure, a joint optimization‐based resource allocation and task scheduling concept is analyzed in the proposed framework. The first phase introduces the task scheduling mechanism, which uses Hybrid Electro Search and Beetle Swarm Optimization to determine the optimal task for specific VMs. The optimal selection procedure is done by analyzing a multi‐cloud environment's makespan, energy, cost, and throughput parameters. In the second step, an Adaptive Game Theory‐based Seagull optimization approach performs several rounds of reassignment iteratively to minimize the variation in the expected completion time, consequently decreasing high energy consumption and load balancing. The experimental analysis for the proposed model is implemented using Python. The proposed methodology is shown to achieve cheaper costs, shorter waiting times, improved resource allocation, and efficient load balancing. Finally, a comparative analysis is performed with some hybrid optimization models, which illustrate the efficiency of the proposed hybrid optimization model.
Impact of patient's sex on groin hernia repair: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Balthazar da Silveira Carlos André , Mazzola Poli de Figueiredo Sergio , Rasador Ana Caroline Dias , Dias Yasmin Meirelles , Hernandez Martin Rafael Ribeiro , Fernandez Miguel Godeiro , Towfigh Shirin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundGroin hernia repair (GHR) is a performed procedure worldwide, with approximately 20 million surgeries carried out each year. Despite being less common in females, there is a lack of research on how sex influences the outcomes of GHR. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aim to assess how patient sex impacts results in GHR.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. We searched for studies up to October 2023 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The studies included focused on sex outcomes for both robotic and open GHR procedures. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted using the Risk of Bias in Non‐Randomized Studies ‐ Of Interventions tool. Our statistical analysis was performed using the metafor package in RStudio.ResultsAfter screening a total of 3917 articles, we identified 29 studies that met our criteria, comprising a total of 1,236,694 patients. Among them, 98,641 (7.98%) patients were females. Our findings showed that females had higher rates of hernia recurrence (RR 1.28), chronic pain (RR 1.52), and surgical site infections (SSIs) (RR 1.46) compared to males. Females showed a lower tendency to undergo minimally invasive surgery (MIS) with a relative risk of 0.82 (95% CI 0.69–0.97; p = 0.02).ConclusionFemales tend to face higher rates of complications after GHR such as an elevated risk of chronic pain, recurrence, and surgical site infections (SSI). Moreover, they undergo fewer MIS options compared to males. These results underscore the importance of research to enhance outcomes for women undergoing GHR.
Prognostic value of the postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level in colorectal cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Furui , Jiang Shuai , Cui Jianli , Wu Yueqiao , Chen Shuhui , Yu Zhan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundCarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is one of the commonly used preoperative biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC), but no meta‐analysis has evaluated the findings of all recently published studies to determine whether its postoperative level can serve as a prognostic indicator.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search for eligible literature from the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases in October 2023. Studies that investigated the relationship between postoperative serum CEA levels and prognosis in CRC patients were included. Outcome indicators, including overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), and progression‐free survival (PFS)/recurrence‐free survival (RFS), were analyzed using a fixed‐effects or random‐effects model. The pooled hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used as effective values.ResultsThis meta‐analysis included 20 eligible studies involving 10,114 CRC patients from the East Asian and Western countries. A comprehensive analysis revealed that elevated postoperative CEA levels were associated with low OS (HR: 2.92, 95% CI: 2.36–3.62, and p < 0.000), DFS (HR: 2.81, 95% CI: 2.01–3.94, and p < 0.000), and RFS/PFS (HR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.75–3.62, p < 0.000). A subgroup analysis by region, analysis type, distant metastasis, HR obtain method, sample size, postoperative measurement date, and study design demonstrated that the negative correlation observed between high serum CEA levels after surgery and poor prognosis was not significantly different between the subgroups.ConclusionWhen CEA levels are found to be elevated during postoperative follow‐up, more active intervention measures should be implemented to further improve the patient's survival outcomes.
Clinical and computed tomography outcomes after mesh‐enforced hiatoplasty and anterior hemi‐fundoplication in large hiatal hernia repair
Authors: Süsstrunk Julian , Stimpfle Daniel , Wilhelm Alexander , Ghielmini Enea Marco , Potthast Silke , Zingg Urs 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe surgical technique in large hiatal hernia (HH) repair is controversially discussed and the outcome measures and follow‐up schemes are highly heterogeneous. The aim of this study is to assess the true recurrence rate using computed tomography (CT) in patients with standardized large HH repair.MethodsProspective single‐center study investigating the outcome after dorsal, mesh‐enforced large HH repair with anterior fundoplication. Endoscopy was performed after 3 months and clinical follow‐up and CT after 12 months.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2021, 100 consecutive patients with large HH were operated in the same technique. There were two reoperations within the first 90 days for cephalad migration of the fundoplication. Endoscopic follow‐up showed a correct position of the fundoplication and no relevant other pathologies in 99% of patients. Follow‐up CT was performed in 100% of patients and revealed 6% of patients with a cephalad slippage, defined as migration of less than 3 cm of the wrap, and 7% of patients with a recurrent hernia. One patient of each group underwent subsequent reoperation due to symptoms. There was no statistical correlation between abnormal radiological findings and clinical outcomes with 69.2% of patients being asymptomatic. Multivariate logistic regression did not show any prognostic factor for an unfavorable radiologic outcome. Ninety‐four percent of patients rated their outcomes as excellent or good.ConclusionRadiological follow‐up after large HH repair using CT allows to detect slippage of the fundoplication wrap and small recurrences. Patients with unfavorable radiological outcomes rarely require operative revision but should be considered for further follow‐up.
Starting From Scratch: Husbandry Techniques to Establish the First Population of 'Akikiki (Oreomystis bairdi) in Human Care Using Wild‐Collected Eggs
Authors: Flanagan Alison M. , Masuda Bryce , Pribble Jennifer , Dancil Kona , Kauka Tatum , Tanaka Carina , Bailey Hannah , Swaisgood Ronald R. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTConservation breeding programs can save species from extinction by establishing assurance populations that provide individuals for achieving species recovery goals in the wild. However, keeping animals in human care can result in the selection of phenotypes that may be suboptimal for post‐release survival and reproduction. It is therefore essential that conservation breeding programs provide animals with naturalistic conditions that facilitate the performance of species‐typical behaviors, an endeavor that is also a vital aspect of animal welfare. Here, we describe how we established a conservation breeding program for the 'Akikiki (Oreomystis bairdi), a Hawaiian honeycreeper that is facing imminent extinction in the wild. We share how we utilized the species' native habitat as a template for developing husbandry practices with a primary focus on how we simulate wild environmental conditions in enclosures, mimic naturalistic foraging experiences, and facilitate pair bonding and parental breeding behaviors.
Opportunities for Gene Editing of Sweetpotato
Authors: Huang Debao , Livengood Chase , Yencho G. Craig , Liu Wusheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSweetpotato plays significant roles in the food supply worldwide. Conventional sweetpotato breeding methods face challenges such as self- and cross-incompatibility and high heterogeneity. Gene editing is an effective and powerful tool for modifying agronomic traits, offering a novel approach to develop cultivars by targeting specific genes for precise modifications. The transformed CRISPR/Cas can be segregated out from the gene-edited end product of sexually propagated crops but not in sweetpotato as sweetpotato is highly heterogeneous and has to be propagated clonally. Thus, innovative sweetpotato breeding methods need to be further developed to improve breeding efficacy and decrease breeding cycle. In the present book chapter, we reviewed the methods used for sweetpotato breeding, the success of gene editing in sweetpotato, and the challenges and constraints and the future perspectives of sweetpotato gene editing.