bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reachability of discrete time ARMA representations
Authors: Moysis Lazaros , Karampetakis Nicholas P 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA new formula for the solution of discrete time auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) representations is provided. Then, the concept of reachability (also known as controllability from the origin) is examined by showcasing the reachable subspace of the system and the consistent inputs that drive the system to a desired state, taking into account the admissible initial conditions. The theory is illustrated by an example and the study of the special cases of ARMA representations, i.e. state space systems, descriptor systems and causal systems.
Ten-Year Experience of Cutaneous and/or Subcutaneous Infections Due to Coelomycetes in France
Authors: Guégan Sarah , Garcia-Hermoso Dea , Sitbon Karine , Ahmed Sarah , Moguelet Philippe , Dromer Françoise , Lortholary Olivier ,   the French Mycosis Study Group, Ait-Ammar N. , Dunand J. , Levy B. , Moulonguet L. , Zarrouk V. , Kubab S. , Thépot C. , Gendrey G. , Beaubrun M. , Bienvenu A. L. , Euvrard S. , Desbois N. , Meniane J. C. , Diallo S. , Toubas D. , Cassaing S. , Guitard J. , Chochillon C. , Rioux C. , Dupin N. , Paugam A. , Zeller V. , Bougnoux M. E. , Charlier C. , Fekkar A. , Tourret J. , Alanio A. , Bretagne S. , Gallien S. , Raffoux E. , Frances C. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background.  Coelomycetes are rarely but increasingly reported in association with human infections involving mostly skin and subcutaneous tissues, both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Coelomycetes constitute a heterogeneous group of filamentous fungi with distinct morphological characteristics in culture, namely an ability to produce asexual spores within fruit bodies.
Methods.  We included all cases of proven primary cutaneous and/or subcutaneous infections due to coelomycetes received for identification at the French National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals between 2005 and 2014. Eumycetoma, chromoblastomycosis, and disseminated infections were excluded.
Results.  Eighteen cases were analyzed. The median age was 60.5 years. In all cases, patients originated from tropical or subtropical areas. An underlying immunodepression was present in 89% of cases. Cutaneous and/or subcutaneous lesions, mainly nodules, abscesses, or infiltrated plaques, were observed in distal body areas. Isolates of different genera of coelomycetes were identified: Medicopsis (6), Paraconiothyrium (3), Gloniopsis (3), Diaporthe (3), Peyronellaea (2), Lasiodiplodia (1). Lesion treatment consisted of complete (10) or partial (2) surgical excision and/or the use of systemic antifungal therapy, namely voriconazole (5) and posaconazole (4). Literature review yielded 48 additional cases of cutaneous and/or subcutaneous infections due to coelomycetes.
Conclusions.  Infectious diseases physicians should suspect coelomycetes when observing cutaneous and/or subcutaneous infections in immunocompromised hosts from tropical areas; a sequence-based approach is crucial for strains identification but must be supported by consistent phenotypic features; surgical treatment should be favored for solitary, well limited lesions; new triazoles may be used in case of extensive lesions, especially in immunocompromised patients.
Health care multidisciplinary teams: The sociotechnical approach for an integrated system-wide perspective
Authors: Marsilio Marta , Torbica Aleksandra , Villa Stefano 
Published: June 2016

Background:
The current literature on the enabling conditions of multidisciplinary teams focuses on the singular dimensions of the organizations (i.e., human resources, clinical pathways, objects) without shedding light on to the way in which these organizational factors interact and mutually influence one another.

Purpose:
Drawing on a system perspective of organizations, the authors analyze the organizational patterns that promote and support multidisciplinary teams and how they interrelate and interact to enforce the organization work system.

Methodology/Approach:
The authors develop a modified sociotechnical system (STS) model to understand how the two dimensions of technical (devices/tools, layout/organization of space, core process standardization) and social (organizational structure, management of human resources and operations) can facilitate the implementation of multidisciplinary teams in health care. The study conducts an empirical analysis based on a sample of hospital adopters of transcatheter aortic valve implantation using the revised STS model.

Findings:
The modified STS model applied to the case studies improves our understanding of the critical implementation factors of a multidisciplinary approach and the importance of coordinating radical changes in the technical and the social subsystems of health care organizations. The analysis informs that the multidisciplinary effort is not a sequential process and that the interplay between the two subsystems needs to be managed efficaciously as an integrated organizational whole to deliver the goals set.

Practice Implications:
Hospital managers must place equal focus on the closely interrelated technical and social dimensions by investing in (a) shared layouts and spaces that cross the boundaries of the specialized health care units, (b) standardization of the core processes through the implementation of local clinical pathways, (c) structured knowledge management mechanisms, (d) the creation of clinical directorates, and (e) the design of a planning and budgeting system that integrates the multidisciplinary concept.
The Effects of Quality of Life and Ability to Perform Activities of Daily Living on Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older People Living in Publicly Managed Congregate Housing
Authors: Chang Chun-Feng , Yang Rea-Jeng , Chang Shu-Fang , Chou Yuan Hwa , Huang Ean-Wen 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Background:
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by a decrease in cognitive abilities that does not affect the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs). Therefore, this condition is easily overlooked. The prevalence and factors of influence for MCI in older people living in publicly managed congregate housing are currently unknown.

Purpose:
This study investigated the prevalence and distribution of MCI in older people living in publicly managed congregate housing and assessed the correlations among quality of life (QoL), ADL, and MCI.

Methods:
This study applied a correlational study design. The participants were older people who met the study criteria and who lived in public housing in Wanhua District, Taipei City, Taiwan. One-on-one interviews were conducted to measure the cognitive abilities of the participants, and 299 valid samples were collected.

Results:
The prevalence of MCI in older people living in publicly managed congregate housing was 16.1%. The χ2 test was employed to evaluate the distribution of MCI prevalence and indicated that the group with higher MCI prevalence exhibited the following characteristics: older than 81 years; married; lived in public housing for more than 20 years; cohabiting; had a history of drinking; and exhibited severe memory regression, physical disabilities, psychological distress, and low QoL. The difference between the groups achieved statistical significance (p < .05). After performing logistical regression analysis to control demographic variables, we found that QoL and ADL were critical for predicting MCI.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice:
This study confirmed that QoL and ADL correlate significantly with MCI in older people. Maintaining an open and supportive community enables older people to maintain sufficient mental activity, which has been shown to reduce MCI. These findings may provide an important reference for policy makers, educators, researchers, and community practitioners in their development of service strategies for older people.
Physical Functioning, Physical Activity, Exercise Self-Efficacy, and Quality of Life Among Individuals With Chronic Heart Failure in Korea: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Lee Haejung , Boo Sunjoo , Yu Jihyoung , Suh Soon-Rim , Chun Kook Jin , Kim Jong Hyun 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Background:
Both the beneficial relationship between exercise and quality of life and the important role played by exercise self-efficacy in maintaining an exercise regimen among individuals with chronic heart failure are well known. However, most nursing interventions for Korean patients with chronic heart failure focus only on providing education related to risk factors and symptoms. Little information is available regarding the influence of physical functions, physical activity, and exercise self-efficacy on quality of life.

Purpose:
This study was conducted to examine the impact of physical functioning, physical activity, and exercise self-efficacy on quality of life among individuals with chronic heart failure.

Methods:
This study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. Data were collected from 116 outpatients with chronic heart failure in Korea. Left ventricular ejection fraction and New York Heart Association classifications were chart reviewed. Information pertaining to levels of physical activity, exercise self-efficacy, and quality of life were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t tests, analyses of variance, correlations, and hierarchical multiple regressions.

Results:
About 60% of participants were physically inactive, and most showed relatively low exercise self-efficacy. The mean quality-of-life score was 80.09. The significant correlates for quality of life were poverty, functional status, physical inactivity, and exercise self-efficacy. Collectively, these four variables accounted for 50% of the observed total variance in quality of life.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice:
Approaches that focus on enhancing exercise self-efficacy may improve patient-centered outcomes in those with chronic heart failure. In light of the low level of exercise self-efficacy reported and the demonstrated ability of this factor to predict quality of life, the development of effective strategies to enhance exercise self-efficacy offers a novel and effective approach to improving the quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure. Nurses should be proactive in advising patients with chronic heart failure to be more physically active and to enhance their self-confidence in diverse ways.
The Impact of Clinical Trials Conducted by Research Networks in Pediatric Critical Care
Authors: Choong Karen , Duffett Mark , Cook Deborah J. , Randolph Adrienne G. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives:
Research networks in adult and neonatal critical care have demonstrated collaborative and successful execution of clinical trials. Such networks appear to have been relatively recently established in the field of pediatric critical care. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and impact of randomized controlled trials conducted by pediatric critical care research networks, compared with nonnetwork trials.

Data Sources, Study Selection, and Data Abstraction:
We searched multiple online databases including MEDLINE, reference lists of randomized controlled trials, and relevant systematic reviews. Independent pairs of reviewers identified published randomized controlled trials administering any intervention to children in a PICU and abstracted data. A research network was defined as a formal consortium or collaborative research group established for the purpose of conducting clinical research. Data were independently abstracted in duplicate.

Main Results:
There were 288 pediatric critical care randomized controlled trials published in English between 1986 and July 2015, of which 15 randomized controlled trials (5.2%) were conducted by a total of five research networks. Network randomized controlled trials were more often multicentered, multinational, and larger in size (p < 0.001), compared with nonnetwork randomized controlled trials. Accordingly, their trials took longer to complete (median, 36 vs 21 mo; p < 0.001). Early stopping occurred in 46.7% of network randomized controlled trials (46.7%) and 27% of nonnetwork randomized controlled trials (p = 0.14), most commonly for futility. None of the network, but 45% of the nonnetwork trials found a significant difference in their primary outcome (p < 0.001). Network trials were more frequently cited (median, 6 vs 2 citations per year) and published in higher impact journals (median impact factor, 21.8 vs 3; p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Research networks have conducted a minority of randomized controlled trials in pediatric critical care. They infrequently demonstrate significant differences in their primary outcomes. Despite this, network trials are cited more frequently and appear to have greater impact. There are important lessons to learn from both individual researchers as well as research networks that may guide the successful conduct of collaborative, high-quality randomized controlled trials in critically ill children.
Use of Biological Tissue Matrix in Postneurosurgical Posterior Trunk Reconstruction Is Associated with Higher Wound Complication Rates
Authors: Coon Devin , Calotta Nicholas A. , Broyles Justin M. , Sacks Justin M. 
Published: June 2016

Background:
Patients undergoing neurosurgical spine surgery for spinal tumors are increasingly undergoing soft-tissue reconstruction involving the use of biological tissue matrices. There are limited data available on the safety of these devices in posterior trunk reconstruction.

Methods:
A cohort study of patients undergoing oncologic spine surgery with subsequent plastic surgery soft-tissue reconstruction from 2002 to 2014 was conducted. Demographic, medical, and surgical variables were recorded. The primary outcome variable was development of a postoperative wound complication. Secondary outcome variables were specific complications, including infection, seroma, hematoma, dehiscence, and cerebrospinal fluid leak. The predictor variable was the presence or absence of biological matrix at the reconstruction site.

Results:
A total of 293 cases in 260 patients were included in this study. The cohorts were similar with regard to demographic, medical, and surgical variables. The incidence of all-cause wound complications in patients receiving biological matrix for reconstruction was 49.2 percent, whereas the all-cause complication rate for patients not receiving the matrix was 31.7 percent (p = 0.010). The rates of infection (34.9 percent versus 20.9 percent) and seroma (19.0 percent versus 10.0 percent) were also increased in patients receiving biological matrix. In multivariate analysis, biological matrix use remained a predictor of wound complications (p = 0.045), infection (p = 0.011), and seroma (p = 0.047).

Conclusions:
The authors identified an increased risk of infection and seroma with the use of biological tissue matrix in posterior trunk reconstruction. Careful consideration of the risks and benefits of using these devices in this patient population is warranted.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
The Essential Anatomical Subunit Approximation Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair
Authors: Chong David K. , Swanson Jordan W. 
Published: June 2016

Summary:
The anatomical subunit approximation cleft lip repair advantageously achieves a balanced lip contour, with the line of repair hidden along seams of aesthetic subunits. Dr. David Fisher's original description of the repair reflects the considerable thought that went into the evolution of his design. As his technique has gained acceptance in the intervening 10 years, the authors note several key principles embodied in it that represent a shift in the cleft lip repair paradigm. The authors believe understanding these principles is important to mastery of the anatomical subunit technique, and facilitate its teaching. First, design a plan that adheres to anatomical subunits and perform measurements precisely. Second, identify and adequately release each cleft tissue layer from the lip and nose to enable restoration of balance. Third, drive surgical approximation through inset of the lateral muscle into the superiorly backcut medial orbicularis muscle, followed by skin closure with inferior triangle interposition above the white roll. In this article, the authors present essential components of the technique, and identify several principles that enable its successful execution.
SPY Imaging Use in Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction Patients: Preventative or Overly Conservative?
Authors: Mattison Gennaya L. , Lewis Priya G. , Gupta Subhas C. , Kim Hahns Y. 
Published: June 2016

Background:
SPY Elite imaging uses an injectable fluorescing agent to intraoperatively assess the perfusion and viability of tissue, including skin flaps, during postmastectomy reconstruction for breast cancer patients. In this study, the authors sought to compare the surgeon’s assessment of flap viability with that of SPY imaging perfusion, analyzing the clinical outcomes postoperatively.

Methods:
In this study, the intraoperative difference between the plastic surgeon’s assessment of skin viability and the SPY imaging assessment was analyzed by the skin flap area preserved in patients undergoing skin-sparing mastectomy. After the mastectomy, the operating surgeon marked the area of the skin flap to excise; then, the SPY imaging was performed and photographs and videos of the perfusion were collected. The skin flap was resected before implant or tissue expander placement according to the plastic surgeon’s assessment. The patients were routinely followed up in the clinic postoperatively.

Results:
A total of 55 breasts were analyzed. The surface area of diminished perfusion was significantly greater in the SPY imaging compared with the surgeon’s assessment.

Conclusions:
In this study, intraoperative indocyanine green angiography was found to be conservative in its estimation of viability and, if followed, would result in a more aggressive resection than the area deemed viable by the operating surgeon. Based on the results, intraoperative indocyanine green angiography should be used in settings where perfusion is clinically assessed as marginal. It likely does not play a useful role in lower risk cases where the operating surgeon identifies no areas of concern.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Diagnostic, IV.
Secondary Breast Augmentation
Authors: Brown Mitchell H. , Somogyi Ron B. , Aggarwal Shagun 
Published: June 2016

Learning Objectives:
After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Assess common clinical problems in the secondary breast augmentation patient. 2. Describe a treatment plan to correct the most common complications of breast augmentation. 3. Provide surgical and nonsurgical options for managing complications of breast augmentation. 4. Decrease the incidence of future complications through accurate assessment, preoperative planning, and precise surgical technique.

Summary:
Breast augmentation has been increasing steadily in popularity over the past three decades. Many of these patients present with secondary problems or complications following their primary breast augmentation. Two of the most common complications are capsular contracture and implant malposition. Familiarity and comfort with the assessment and management of these complications is necessary for all plastic surgeons. An up-to-date understanding of current devices and techniques may decrease the need to manage future complications from the current cohort of breast augmentation patients.
Health-Related Quality-of-Life Instruments for Pediatric Patients with Diverse Facial Deformities: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Tapia Viridiana J. , Epstein Sherise , Tolmach Oresta S. , Hassan Abdul S. , Chung Natalie N. , Gosman Amanda A. 
Published: June 2016

Background:Treatment for patients with diverse craniofacial conditions is complex and long-term. Craniofacial conditions profoundly influence health-related quality of life, and patient- and parent-reported outcomes provide a critical and complementary perspective on the multidisciplinary treatment of patients. However, little is known regarding the health-related quality of life among children with diverse craniofacial conditions. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding patient- and parent-reported outcomes measures for patients with diverse craniofacial conditions.Methods:Articles from the PubMed, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Embase/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases that used patient- and/or parent-reported outcome instruments in patients with diverse craniofacial conditions were reviewed. Diagnoses included were cleft lip and/or palate, craniosynostosis, microtia, craniofacial microsomia, facial vascular malformations, and congenital nevi across pediatric populations (0 to 22 years of age).Results:Six hundred ninety articles were identified, and 155 were selected for inclusion. One hundred twenty different health-related quality-of-life tools were used to analyze factors such as physical, psychological, or social function. Of these, the 10 most common psychometrically tested tools were identified in 59 studies. Five tools had both parent and patient versions. Two tools were developed and validated for patients with diverse craniofacial conditions, but neither was developed for nonadolescent children.Conclusions:Many parent- and patient-reported instruments are used to measure varying health-related quality of life factors in this population, but no tool exists that was developed and psychometrically tested in different facial deformities that measures comprehensive health-related quality of life issues across all pediatric ages. This study will guide the development of new tools to measure the parent and patient health-related quality-of-life perspective in patients with diverse craniofacial conditions.
Hand Function and Appearance following Reconstruction for Congenital Hand Differences: A Qualitative Analysis of Children and Parents
Authors: Kelley Brian P. , Franzblau Lauren E. , Chung Kevin C. , Carlozzi Noelle , Waljee Jennifer F. 
Published: June 2016

Background:
Congenital hand differences induce social, psychological, and functional challenges for children. However, little is known about how children perceive their outcomes after reconstructive or what concerns children have.

Methods:
A total of 33 children (aged 6 to 17 years) who were treated for congenital hand differences, and their parents, participated in qualitative, semistructured interviews regarding the child’s hand function and appearance. Discussion focused on the influence of congenital hand differences on the child’s daily activities, school, and participation in sports and music. The interviews were open format to allow for spontaneous emergence of relevant themes followed by guided questioning. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using qualitative coding, iterative comparisons, and frequency analysis to reveal perceptions of children and parents.

Results:
In this sample, 73 percent of children and parents reported difficulty with hand function. Children experienced difficulties with personal care (58 percent), school activities (30 percent), and household tasks (27 percent). Children were bothered by hand appearance (48 percent), pain (30 percent), and weakness (24 percent). Complex anomalies were associated with greater disability and limitation in sports and music.

Conclusions:
Children with congenital hand differences are concerned with the aesthetics of their hands and limitations in their ability to perform activities. Children were often discouraged by activities that their peers accomplished easily, but with increasing age demonstrated adaptive behaviors to accommodate in their “own way,” suggesting the uniqueness of their limitations. Patients may benefit from early hand therapy guided toward areas of concern to enhance functional adaptation.