bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-criticality of interaction network over system’s crises: A percolation analysis
Authors: Shirazi Amir Hossein , Saberi Abbas Ali , Hosseiny Ali , Amirzadeh Ehsan , Toranj Simin Pourya 
Published: November 2017

AbstractExtraction of interaction networks from multi-variate time-series is one of the topics of broad interest in complex systems. Although this method has a wide range of applications, most of the previous analyses have focused on the pairwise relations. Here we establish the potential of such a method to elicit aggregated behavior of the system by making a connection with the concepts from percolation theory. We study the dynamical interaction networks of a financial market extracted from the correlation network of indices, and build a weighted network. In correspondence with the percolation model, we find that away from financial crises the interaction network behaves like a critical random network of Erdős-Rényi, while close to a financial crisis, our model deviates from the critical random network and behaves differently at different size scales. We perform further analysis to clarify that our observation is not a simple consequence of the growth in correlations over the crises.
String level optimisation on grid‐tied solar PV systems to reduce partial shading loss
Authors: Rana Ahsan Sarwar , Nasir Mashood , Khan Hassan Abbas 
Published: November 2017

Partial shading, commonly observed in domestic rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) deployments, can be highly detrimental to the performance ratio (PR) of a PV system. Typically, for domestic installations, string‐inverter or module micro‐inverter configurations are deployed. While module level micro‐inverters generally present a better response to non‐uniform distributions of sunlight, they are still less common and therefore, costly in many emerging markets. String‐level implementations, on the other hand, are widely deployed as they are less complex and cost efficient. In this work, the authors present an analytical and simulation framework for improving PR under partial shading conditions through alteration of string connections in a string‐level inverter system. Results show up to 4.6% higher PR in winter months for a 42.24 kWp system installed at Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Shape effect on the elastic properties of Ag nanocrystals
Authors: Sarkar Sumit , Das Ratan 
Published: November 2017

In this work, elastic properties of silver (Ag) nanocrystals have been studied using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. For this, Ag nanocubes and Ag nanohexapods have been synthesised by chemical reduction method, using ethylene glycol as a reducing agent and poly (vinylpyrrolidone) as a stabilising agent. High‐resolution transmission electron microscope images show that average size of the Ag nanocubes is ∼50 nm, which is almost same as that of Ag nanohexapods. XRD study confirms on matching with Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards file no. 04‐0783 that both the nanocrystals are crystalline with face‐centred cubic structure. From the Williamson–Hall plot, stress–strain (S–S) for both the nanocubes and nanohexapods have been calculated and further a S–S plot shows that elastic properties are shape dependent.
Preparation of rare earth two‐dimensional nano‐thin film using PET as carrier
Authors: Wang Jiaxin , Li Junwei , Zhang Min , Zhang Baohang , Li Zhehui , Wang Yuting , Wu Yulong , Zhang Qianjin , Yao Wanxiang 
Published: November 2017

A structurally ordered rare earth two‐dimensional nano‐thin film using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as carrier was obtained using the homogeneous precipitation method. Films with different sizes and morphologies were prepared by adjusting reaction temperature, reaction time and concentration of reactant. Microstructures of the films were obtained by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry, and the results showed that the sample revealed the optimal micro‐morphology when it was prepared at 85°C for 24 h with the concentration of Y(NO3)3. 6H2 O, H2NCONH2 and C12H25SO4 Na fixed at 0.01 M, 0.04 M and 7 g/l, respectively. Moreover, uniform, dense and ordered films were successfully prepared over a large area at the gas–liquid surface using PET as carrier.
Mining the Kilo-Degree Survey for solar system objects
Authors: Mahlke M. , Bouy H. , Altieri B. , Verdoes Kleijn G. , Carry B. , Bertin E. , de Jong J. T. A. , Kuijken K. , McFarland J. , Valentijn E. 
Published: November 2017

Context. The search for minor bodies in the solar system promises insights into its formation history. Wide imaging surveys offer the opportunity to serendipitously discover and identify these traces of planetary formation and evolution.
Aim. We aim to present a method to acquire position, photometry, and proper motion measurements of solar system objects (SSOs) in surveys using dithered image sequences. The application of this method on the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) is demonstrated.
Methods. Optical images of 346 deg2 fields of the sky are searched in up to four filters using the AstrOmatic software suite to reduce the pixel to catalog data. The SSOs within the acquired sources are selected based on a set of criteria depending on their number of observation, motion, and size. The Virtual Observatory SkyBoT tool is used to identify known objects.
Results. We observed 20 221 SSO candidates, with an estimated false-positive content of less than 0.05%. Of these SSO candidates, 53.4% are identified by SkyBoT. KiDS can detect previously unknown SSOs because of its depth and coverage at high ecliptic latitude, including parts of the Southern Hemisphere. Thus we expect the large fraction of the 46.6% of unidentified objects to be truly new SSOs.
Conclusions. Our method is applicable to a variety of dithered surveys such as DES, LSST, and Euclid. It offers a quick and easy-to-implement search for SSOs. SkyBoT can then be used to estimate the completeness of the recovered sample.
Guided flows in coronal magnetic flux tubes
Authors: Petralia A. , Reale F. , Testa P. 
Published: November 2017

Context. There is evidence that coronal plasma flows break down into fragments and become laminar.
Aims. We investigate this effect by modelling flows confined along magnetic channels.
Methods. We consider a full magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of a solar atmosphere box with a dipole magnetic field. We compare the propagation of a cylindrical flow perfectly aligned with the field to that of another flow with a slight misalignment. We assume a flow speed of 200 km s-1 and an ambient magnetic field of 30 G.
Results. We find that although the aligned flow maintains its cylindrical symmetry while it travels along the magnetic tube, the misaligned one is rapidly squashed on one side, becoming laminar and eventually fragmented because of the interaction and back-reaction of the magnetic field. This model could explain an observation made by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory of erupted fragments that fall back onto the solar surface as thin and elongated strands and end up in a hedge-like configuration.
Conclusions. The initial alignment of plasma flow plays an important role in determining the possible laminar structure and fragmentation of flows while they travel along magnetic channels.
Chemoselective Ruthenium-Catalyzed C–O Bond Activation: Orthogonality of Nickel- and Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions for the Synthesis of Polyaryl Fluorenones
Authors: Snieckus Victor , da Frota Livia , Schneider Cédric , de Amorim Mauro , da Silva Alcides 
Published: November 2017

Ruthenium-catalyzed C–O bond activation/arylation of methoxy and O-carbamoyl-substituted fluorenones is reported. Established are new reactions of compound 1 (X = H) to aryl (2) and 1,8-diaryl (3) fluorenones. Orthogonal ruthenium-, palladium- and nickel-catalyzed reactions with Suzuki–Miyaura reactions to afford 1,4-diaryl (4) and 1,4,8-triaryl fluorenones (5) are also described. The ready availability of starting methoxy fluorenones by directed ortho and remote metalation tactics confers facility to the presented reactions which may find application in material science areas. DFT calculations have been performed to rationalize the lack of C–H bond reactivity in the ruthenium-catalyzed reaction.
Familial Hyperparathyroidism – Disorders of Growth and Secretion in Hormone-Secretory Tissue
Authors: Marx Stephen , Lourenco Delmar 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSix syndromes of familial hyperparathyroidism are compared: 1) Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) expresses primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) beginning at birth with lifelong hypercalcemia. There is nonsuppressed PTH secretion from outwardly normal parathyroid glands. It reflects germline heterozygous mutation in CASR, GNA11, or AP2S1. 2) Neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism is severest of the six syndromes. It requires urgent total parathyroidectomy in infancy. It usually reflects biallelic inactivation of the CASR. 3) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is most frequently expressed as PHPT with asymmetric enlargement of 3–4 parathyroids. Benign or malignant tumors may occur among 30 other tissues. It is predisposed by germline inactivation of MEN1 or rarely by inactivation of a cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, and then termed MEN4. 4) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A from RET activating mutation rarely presents as familial hyperparathyroidism, because medullary thyroid cancer and pheochromocytoma are more prominent. 5) Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome (HPT-JT) has frequent PHPT and benign jaw tumors. Twenty percent develop parathyroid cancer. It is predisposed by inactivating mutation in CDC73. 6) Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism causes multiple parathyroid tumors. It can be an incomplete expression of FHH, MEN1, HPT-JT or even of relatives without a shared driver mutation. However, in 20% of families it reflects GCM2 activating mutation. Five of the PHPT syndromes reflect overgrowth of parathyroid tissue; in contrast, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia reflects dysregulation of PTH secretion with little or no parathyroid overgrowth. These differences underlie major differences in clinical expression.
Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Coexisting Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Authors: Veit Franziska , Graf Dieter , Momberger Saskia , Helmich-Kapp Brigitte , Ruschenburg Ilka , Peters Anja , Kussmann Jochen , Saeger Wolfgang , Schmidt Kurt , Toetsch Martin , Nestler Kai , Mann Klaus 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHistological findings often display an association between papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and so differ significantly from follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC). The aim of this interdisciplinary, retrospective study was to evaluate the association of AIT in patients with PTC and FTC and a control group of benign nodular goiters. One hundred thyroidectomies with histologically confirmed differentiated thyroid carcinomas, 67 with PTC and 33 with FTC, were submitted for examination. The two control groups consisted of 60 patients with euthyroid nodular goiter, displaying no signs for malignancy (no surgery) and 100 patients (second control group) with surgery of a benign nodular goiter. Controls were collected to obtain data about the incidence of significantly increased TPOAbs in the first group and of lymphocytic infiltrates (LI) in the second group. High TPOAbs were found in 35% (23/67) of patients with PTC. LI were detected by histology in 48% (32/67) of PTC. Ten patients (10/32) of this group showed the clinical and histological manifestation of a classic AIT with diffuse dense LI as well as diffuse hypoechogeneity in ultrasonography. In 7/32 cases, the histological report described focal dense LI (fAIT) and in 15/32 cases scant scattered LI. AIT and fAIT, together 25% of all PTC (17/67), showed germinal centers and can therefore be characterized as chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. In this group, high TPOAb could be detected in 94% (16/17). Scan scattered LI without germinal centers (15/32) do not represent a fAIT, although TPOAb are high in 47% (7/15). The younger age group (<45 years) showed significantly more often high TPOAbs (p<0.023) in comparison with the age-group older than 60 years. In contrast to PTC, only 4/33 (12%) patients with FTC had high TPOAb levels. We conclude that in contrast to benign euthyroid goiters and to FTC, different degrees of LI are often associated with high TPOAb levels and seem to be significantly increased in PTC, particularly prominent in younger age. There is a high coincidence between LI and high TPOAb levels. In the presence of hypoechoic thyroid nodule, signs of thyroid autoimmunity such as the presence of high TPOAbs, lymphocytic infiltration in cytology, and/or characteristic ultrasonic features, are arguments that might favor the decision for surgery if a cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodule is found and focal autonomy is excluded by szintiscan.
French activists to the (radical) right and the (radical) left: are they different or similar?
Authors: Stockemer Daniel 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
This research aims at detecting commonalities and differences between right-wing and left-wing activists. Based on 44 interviews with members of the French National Front (FN) and 88 Attac activists, I find that Attac activists are individuals with high amounts of civic skills that have been politically socialised until the age of 25. Somewhat different, my interview research indicates that the socialisation mechanisms of FN members, as well as their social and educational backgrounds are diverse. Pertaining to the activists’ values, the two groups expose values at the opposite end of the political spectrum. Whereas left-wing activists respond to globalisation and neo-liberalism by highlighting national and international solidarity and participatory democracy, the radical right-wing members respond to the same phenomena by propagating nationalism, authoritarianism and protectionist policies. Finally, I find that left-wing activists are driven by instrumental and ideological considerations, whereas right-wing activists are motivated by ideology as well as identity processes.
Successful Present, Successful Future? Assessment of a Nonbinary Model of Successful Aging
Authors: Manierre Matthew 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Purpose
Though many models of successful aging exist, there is a need for assessments of the empirical validity of these models and their measures. This study tests the validity of the multidimensional model of successful aging presented by Young and colleagues.

Design and Methods
Expanding on an earlier validation study, this analysis uses 1,211 respondents from the Americans’ Changing Lives (ACL) study to determine predictive and discriminant validity. Respondents were surveyed in 1986, 1989, and 1994, providing an opportunity to assess if a baseline 5-point successful aging scale is associated with present and future outcomes. Validators include self-report items and interviewer recorded observations. In addition, a survival analysis of 24 years of ACL mortality data is conducted to confirm that baseline successful aging decreases risk of all-cause mortality.

Results
Results illustrate that, in some cases as far as 8 years in the future, low successful aging scores correspond with higher risk of future hospitalization and depressive episodes, interviewer observed difficulty moving around, low self-rated health, and decreased life satisfaction. Lowest scorers also had a 356% higher risk of mortality compared to individuals with the highest scores.

Implications
These findings provide further evidence that Young and colleagues’ successful aging construct is empirically valid and could be applied in future research and practice. Most respondents had middling scores, suggesting that future analyses should be cautious about concealing heterogeneity by operationalizing successful aging as a binary outcome.
Joking about cancer as an avoidance strategy among US adults
Authors: Carcioppolo Nick , John Kevin K , Jensen Jakob D , King Andy J 
Published: November 2017

Summary
Findings from years of research on fear appeals suggest that individuals with low efficacy utilize avoidance strategies when they perceive a significant threat—a process called fear control. Some research suggests that joking could be an avoidance strategy. The current study identifies conditions in which people are more likely to joke about colorectal cancer and explores how this behavior may be associated with screening avoidance. Older adults (N = 209) recruited from eight different worksites completed a survey measuring fear appeal constructs and enactment of colorectal cancer-related joking. Results of a moderated mediation analysis suggest that men were more likely to joke about colorectal cancer than women, particularly if they perceived significant threat but had limited self-efficacy, signifying fear control. Results support prior fear appeal research, suggesting that an increase in joking behavior concerning colorectal cancer may be indicative of screening avoidance, and describe belief-based mechanisms that explain differences between biological sex and joking.
Giant molecular cloud collisions as triggers of star formation. VI. Collision-induced turbulence
Authors: Wu Benjamin , Tan Jonathan C , Nakamura Fumitaka , Christie Duncan , Li Qi 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We investigate collisions between giant molecular clouds (GMCs) as potential generators of their internal turbulence. Using magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of self-gravitating, magnetized, turbulent GMCs, we compare kinematic and dynamic properties of dense gas structures formed when such clouds collide compared to those that form in non-colliding clouds as self-gravity overwhelms decaying turbulence. We explore the nature of turbulence in these structures via distribution functions of density, velocity dispersions, virial parameters, and momentum injection. We find that the dense clumps formed from GMC collisions have higher effective Mach number, greater overall velocity dispersions, sustain near-virial equilibrium states for longer times, and are the conduit for the injection of turbulent momentum into high density gas at high rates.
The Effect of ICU Out-of-Hours Admission on Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis*
Authors: Galloway Megan , Hegarty Aoife , McGill Sarah , Arulkumaran Nishkantha , Brett Stephen J , Harrison David 
Published: November 2017

Objectives:
Organizational factors are associated with outcome of critically ill patients and may vary by time of day and day of week. We aimed to identify the association between out-of-hours admission to critical care and mortality.

Data Sources:
MEDLINE (via Ovid) and EMBASE (via Ovid).

Study Selection:
We performed a systematic search of the literature for studies on out-of-hours adult general ICU admission on patient mortality.

Data Extraction:
Meta-analyses were performed and Forest plots drawn using RevMan software. Data are presented as odds ratios ([95% CIs], p values).

Data Synthesis:
A total of 16 studies with 902,551 patients were included in the analysis with a crude mortality of 18.2%. Fourteen studies with 717,331 patients reported mortality rates by time of admission and 11 studies with 835,032 patients by day of admission. Admission to ICU at night was not associated with an increased odds of mortality compared with admissions during the day (odds ratio, 1.04 [0.98–1.11]; p = 0.18). However, admissions during the weekend were associated with an increased odds of death compared with ICU admissions during weekdays (1.05 [1.01–1.09]; p = 0.006). Increased mortality associated with weekend ICU admissions compared with weekday ICU admissions was limited to North American countries (1.08 [1.03–1.12]; p = 0.0004). The absence of a routine overnight on-site intensivist was associated with increased mortality among weekend ICU admissions compared with weekday ICU admissions (1.11 [1.00–1.22]; p = 0.04) and nighttime admissions compared with daytime ICU admissions (1.11 [1.00–1.23]; p = 0.05).

Conclusions:
Adjusted risk of death for ICU admission was greater over the weekends compared with weekdays. The absence of a dedicated intensivist on-site overnight may be associated with increased mortality for acute admissions. These results need to be interpreted in context of the organization of local healthcare resources before changes to healthcare policy are implemented.
Melanocytic Matricoma With Consumption of the Epidermis: An Atypical Histologic Attribute or a Malignant Variant?
Authors: Winslow Caroline Y. , Camacho Ivan , Nousari Carlos H. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract:
Melanocytic matricoma is a recently described cutaneous adnexal tumor composed of matrical and supramatrical cells admixed with pigmented dendritic melanocytes, thought to recapitulate the anagen bulb of the hair follicle. We report a case of a 75-year-old white man, which demonstrates consumption of the epidermis that is defined as thinning of the epidermis with attenuation of the basal and suprabasal layers and loss of the normal rete architecture in areas of direct contact with neoplastic cells. It has been associated with aggressive histologic features in melanoma and likely represents an early phase of ulceration due to attenuation. Epidermal consumption has not been previously reported in nonmelanocytic tumors and it is uncertain whether this atypical histologic feature represents a sign of malignant behavior in this rare tumor.
Florid Granuloma Annulare–Like Reaction in Regional Lymph Nodes After “Regression” of Red Pigment in Tattoos
Authors: Carter Michael D. , Trites Jonathan , McNeil Shelly A. , Walsh Noreen N. M. , Bullock Martin J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract:
A healthy 50-year-old woman had a tattoo performed on the posterior aspect of her neck and another on the dorsum of her left foot. Several weeks later, she noted redness, tenderness, and intense pruritis at both tattoo sites. Treatment with cephalexin and hydrocortisone cream was instituted, without success. Within a few months, the red, but not black, pigment had disappeared from both tattoos and was replaced by pale areas of scarring. Persistently enlarged left supraclavicular and suboccipital lymph nodes were excised 7 and 10 months after receipt of the tattoos, respectively. The nodes were pigmented on gross examination, and on microscopy, a granuloma annulare–like reaction was observed. Normal lymphoid tissue was seen to be replaced by large palisading granulomas with central degenerative change, abundant stromal mucin, and scattered deposits of tattoo pigment. Histochemical stains, tissue culture, and serological studies revealed no evidence of infection. There are rare reports of granuloma annulare–like reactions in tattoos, and these are believed to represent delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. Our case is unique in the observation of this reaction pattern in regional lymph nodes, and it expands the spectrum of complications known to be associated with tattoos.