bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loanwords in Apachean from indigenous languages of the Southwest
Authors: de Reuse Willem J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Most studies of Apachean language contact have focused on Spanish borrowings into these languages, or on the more recent English language influences. In this paper, the focus is on how some indigenous Southwestern languages, belonging to the Kiowa-Tanoan, Uto-Aztecan, and Zuni families, have influenced Apachean. The evidence is rather scant, but intriguing, and includes, in addition to cases of noun borrowing, some cases of sentence particle or clitic borrowing. I argue that one common pattern was to borrow, sometimes temporarily, from another indigenous language because the Apachean word was taboo, or had to be dissimulated for some other reason. This avoidance pattern is similar to the obfuscating usage of Spanish words by Apaches when confronted with nineteenth-century English-speaking interrogators.
Language contact across the Andes
Authors: Eloranta Rita 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper proposes a case for language contact between two genetically unrelated and extinct Andean language groups: Mochica, which was spoken on the northern coast of Peru, and Hibito and Cholón, which were spoken in the Peruvian northern eastern slopes. The analysis offers evidence of both lexical items and morphological structures that support the hypothesis of contact between these languages. After examining possible contexts of interaction, this paper concludes that the correspondences may have been a consequence of language contact associated with intercultural exchange and trade. This study argues for the value of the possible external relations between Mochica and other languages.
Snap‐N‐Send: A valid and reliable method for assessing the energy intake of elite adolescent athletes
Authors: Costello Nessan , Deighton Kevin , Dyson Joshua , Mckenna Jim , Jones Ben 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTo ensure that elite adolescent athletes meet their unique training, growth and maturation demands, it is imperative to have access to valid measures of energy intake. Contemporary methods demand close attention‐to‐detail, meaning that athletes often do not fully adhere to real‐time protocols. This study represents the first investigation of a real‐time dietary assessment designed using a comprehensive behaviour change framework (COM‐B). In a crossover design, 12 elite adolescent male rugby players recorded their energy intake via an estimated food diary (est‐FD) and photography‐based mobile assessment (‘Snap‐n‐Send’), combined with a 24‐h dietary recall interview. Two 4‐day assessment periods were divided into three separate recording environments: 96 h free‐living and researcher‐observed; 72 h free‐living and 10 h researcher‐observed. Assessment periods were one month apart. All foods and beverages were provided and weighed by the research team to quantify actual intakes. ‘Snap‐n‐Send’ reported a small mean bias for under‐reporting across 96 h (−0.75 MJ day−1; 95% confidence interval [CI] for bias = −5.7% to −2.2%, p < .001), 72 h (−0.76 MJ day−1; 95% CI for bias = −5.6% to −2.1%, p = .004) and 10 h (−0.72 MJ day−1; 95% CI for bias = −8.1% to −0.1%; p = .067) environments. The est‐FD reported a moderate mean bias for under‐reporting across 96 h (−2.89 MJ day−1; 95% CI for bias = −17.9% to −10.2%; p < .001), 72 h (−2.88 MJ day−1; 95% CI for bias = −17.9% to −10.1%; p < .001) and 10 h (−2.52 MJ day−1;−26.1% to −5.3%; p = .023) environments. Results evidence the ability of ‘Snap‐n‐Send’ to accurately assess the diet of elite adolescent athletes, signalling the exciting promise of this comprehensive and theoretical behavioural approach within valid dietary assessment.
Efficiency and safety of speech recognition for documentation in the electronic health record
Authors: Hodgson Tobias , Magrabi Farah , Coiera Enrico 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Objective
To compare the efficiency and safety of using speech recognition (SR) assisted clinical documentation within an electronic health record (EHR) system with use of keyboard and mouse (KBM).

Methods
Thirty-five emergency department clinicians undertook randomly allocated clinical documentation tasks using KBM or SR on a commercial EHR system. Tasks were simple or complex, and with or without interruption. Outcome measures included task completion times and observed errors. Errors were classed by their potential for patient harm. Error causes were classified as due to IT system/system integration, user interaction, comprehension, or as typographical. User-related errors could be by either omission or commission.

Results
Mean task completion times were 18.11% slower overall when using SR compared to KBM (P = .001), 16.95% slower for simple tasks (P = .050), and 18.40% slower for complex tasks (P = .009). Increased errors were observed with use of SR (KBM 32, SR 138) for both simple (KBM 9, SR 75; P &lt; 0.001) and complex (KBM 23, SR 63; P &lt; 0.001) tasks. Interruptions did not significantly affect task completion times or error rates for either modality.

Discussion
For clinical documentation, SR was slower and increased the risk of documentation errors, including errors with the potential to cause clinical harm compared to KBM. Some of the observed increase in errors may be due to suboptimal SR to EHR integration and workflow.

Conclusion
Use of SR to drive interactive clinical documentation in the EHR requires careful evaluation. Current generation implementations may require significant development before they are safe and effective. Improving system integration and workflow, as well as SR accuracy and user-focused error correction strategies, may improve SR performance.
Antibiotic Prescribing for Adults Hospitalized in the Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community Study
Authors: Tomczyk Sara , Jain Seema , Bramley Anna M , Self Wesley H , Anderson Evan J , Trabue Chris , Courtney D Mark , Grijalva Carlos G , Waterer Grant W , Edwards Kathryn M , Wunderink Richard G , Hicks Lauri A 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) 2007 guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)/American Thoracic Society (ATS) recommend a respiratory fluoroquinolone or beta-lactam plus macrolide as first-line antibiotics for adults hospitalized with CAP. Few studies have assessed guideline-concordant antibiotic use for patients hospitalized with CAP after the 2007 IDSA/ATS guidelines. We examine antibiotics prescribed and associated factors in adults hospitalized with CAP.

Methods
From January 2010 to June 2012, adults hospitalized with clinical and radiographic CAP were enrolled in a prospective Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community study across 5 US hospitals. Patients were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire, and medical charts were reviewed. Antibiotics prescribed were classified according to defined nonrecommended CAP antibiotics. We assessed factors associated with nonrecommended CAP antibiotics using logistic regression.

Results
Among enrollees, 1843 of 1874 (98%) ward and 440 of 446 (99%) ICU patients received ≥1 antibiotic ≤24 hours after admission. Ward patients were prescribed a respiratory fluoroquinolone alone (n = 613; 33%), or beta-lactam plus macrolide (n = 365; 19%), beta-lactam alone (n = 240; 13%), among other antibiotics, including vancomycin (n = 235; 13%) or piperacillin/tazobactam (n = 157; 8%) ≤24 hours after admission. Ward patients with known risk for healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP), recent outpatient antibiotic use, and in-hospital antibiotic use &lt;6 hours after admission were significantly more likely to receive nonrecommended CAP antibiotics.

Conclusions
Although more than half of ward patients received antibiotics concordant with IDSA/ATS guidelines, a number received nonrecommended CAP antibiotics, including vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam; risk factors for HCAP, recent outpatient antibiotic, and rapid inpatient antibiotic use contributed to this. This hypothesis-generating descriptive epidemiology analysis could help inform antibiotic stewardship efforts, reinforces the need to harmonize guidelines for CAP and HCAP, and highlights the need for improved diagnostics to better equip clinicians.
High-frequency monitoring of quasars with absorption lines
Authors: Cegłowski Maciej , Hayashi Takayuki J. , Kunert-Bajraszewska Magdalena , Katarzyński Krzysztof 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
An investigation of the origin of the broad absorption lines observed in some quasars was performed. We selected a sample of the most luminous objects and observed them with the VERA interferometer at 22 GHz. We also used a single 32-meter antenna, located near Toruń in Poland, to monitor variability of these quasars at 30 GHz. We succeed in detecting 16 out of 19 initially selected objects. The main aim of our observations was to determine the spacial orientation of the observed sources and their evolutionary status. We investigated their radio maps, performed the variability studies, and examined their radio spectra as well as the emission in the broadband frequency range. Most of the quasars from our sample seem to evolve in a similar way to young radio objects. However, radio structures of two sources may suggest that these objects are restarted active galactic nuclei. This may indicate a diversity of evolutionary stages in our sample. Six of the investigated sources were classified as candidates for the variable objects.
Evidence of Stage Shift in Women Diagnosed With Ovarian Cancer During Phase II of the United Kingdom Familial Ovarian Cancer Screening Study
Authors: Rosenthal Adam N. , Fraser Lindsay S. M. , Philpott Susan , Manchanda Ranjit , Burnell Matthew , Badman Philip , Hadwin Richard , Rizzuto Ivana , Benjamin Elizabeth , Singh Naveena , Evans D. Gareth , Eccles Diana M. , Ryan Andy , Liston Robert , Dawnay Anne , Ford Jeremy , Gunu Richard , Mackay James , Skates Steven J. , Menon Usha , Jacobs Ian J. 
Published: June 2017

(Abstracted from J Clin Oncol 2017:35(13):1411–1420)
For the randomized general population, the United Kingdom Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS) investigated a new multimodal screening test using the Risk of Ovarian Cancer Algorithm (ROCA), which interprets serial CA-125 results, and transvaginal sonography as a second-line test. High sensitivity and specificity were achieved with this test.
Economic Effects of Medicaid Expansion in Michigan
Authors: Ayanian John Z. , Ehrlich Gabriel M. , Grimes Donald R. , Levy Helen 
Published: June 2017

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2017;376(5):407–410)
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) led to Medicaid expansion in 31 American states. This article evaluates the economic consequences of the expansion of Medicaid in Michigan following the ACA.
Differences in Outcomes Between Early and Late Diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis in the Newborn Screening Era
Authors: Coffey Michael J. , Whitaker Viola , Gentin Natalie , Junek Rosie , Shalhoub Carolyn , Nightingale Scott , Hilton Jodi , Wiley Veronica , Wilcken Bridget , Gaskin Kevin J. , Ooi Chee Y. 
Published: June 2017

(Abstracted from J Pediatr 2017;181:137–145)
Cystic fibrosis (CF) affects 1 in 3000 newborns in white populations and is a recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR (CF transmembrane conductance regulator) gene. Newborn screening (NBS) for this disorder is common in developed countries and in New South Wales where this study was conducted NBS has been available since July 1981.
The Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as an Add-on Modality to Graded Motor Imagery for Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
Authors: Lagueux Émilie , Bernier Michaël , Bourgault Patricia , Whittingstall Kevin , Mercier Catherine , Léonard Guillaume , Laroche Sarah , Tousignant-Laflamme Yannick 
Published: June 2017

Background:
The efficacy of Graded Motor Imagery (GMI) for the management of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is supported by evidence, but its treatment effect remains generally modest. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been advocated as an adjunct intervention to enhance the effect of motor imagery approaches in pain populations.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of GMI+active tDCS compared with the GMI+sham tDCS in the treatment of CRPS type I.

Methods:
A total of 22 patients (n=11/group) were randomly assigned to the experimental (GMI+tDCS) or placebo (GMI+sham tDCS) group. GMI treatments lasted 6 weeks; anodal tDCS was applied over the motor cortex for 5 consecutive days during the first 2 weeks and once a week thereafter. Changes in pain perception, quality of life, kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, anxiety and mood were monitored after 6 weeks of treatment (T1) and 1-month posttreatment (T2).

Results:
GMI+tDCS induced no statistically significant reduction in pain compared with GMI+sham tDCS. Although we observed significant group differences in kinesiophobia (P=0.012), pain catastrophizing (P=0.049), and anxiety (P=0.046) at T1, these improvements were not maintained at T2 and did not reached a clinically significant difference.

Discussion:
We found no added value of tDCS combined with GMI treatments for reducing pain in patients with chronic CRPS. However, given that GMI+sham tDCS induced no significant change, further studies comparing GMI+tDCS and tDCS alone are needed to further document tDCS’s effect in CRPS.
The Role of Preoperative Radiologic Severity, Sensory Testing, and Temporal Summation on Chronic Postoperative Pain Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Petersen Kristian K. , Simonsen Ole , Laursen Mogens B. , Arendt-Nielsen Lars 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) can be associated with local and central sensitization. As an indicator of the central gain, facilitated temporal summation of pain (TSP) has been found in KOA patients. This facilitation is predictive of the development of chronic postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Other studies have suggested hypoesthesia/hypoalgesia to thermal stimuli as a feature in KOA. This study investigated associations between preoperative TSP, thermal sensitivity, and radiologic severity for the development of chronic postoperative pain after TKA.

Methods:
Radiologic KOA (Kellgren and Lawrence), TSP, and thermal stimuli were collected, preoperatively. Clinical knee pain intensity (VAS 0-10) was assessed before and 12 months following TKA. Patients were categorized into a chronic postoperative pain group if they experienced <30% pain reduction of the initial pain after 12 months.

Results:
In total, 19% of the patients were categorized as chronic pain patients and presented facilitated preoperative TSP (P<0.05) and a trend towards increased heat pain threshold (P=0.077) compared with patients with normal recovery. Pearson correlations found that preoperative TSP (R=0.193; P=0.013), Kellgren and Lawrence (R=−0.168; P=0.027), warm detection threshold (R=0.195; P=0.012), and heat pain threshold (R=0.196; P=0.012) were associated with pain intensity 12 months after TKA where TSP was identified as an independent factor.

Discussion:
This study showed that preoperatively facilitated TSP in KOA patients was predictive of the development of chronic postoperative pain following TKA. Furthermore, this study is the first to find an association between preoperative hypoalgesia to heat and the development of chronic postoperative pain following TKA.
fMRI after Phalloplasty with Nerve Anastomosis in a Trans-Man Patient
Authors: Doria-Medina Roberto , Carlsson Åsa , Jönsson Emma H. , Jönsson Lars , Thorarinsson Andri , Lidén Mattias , Selvaggi Gennaro 
Published: June 2017

Summary:
We report on a case of a trans-man patient, who underwent penile reconstruction with the use of a radial forearm flap, urethroplasty, vaginectomy and scrotoplasty, insertion of testicle implants, and penile erection implants, similar to previously described methods. One of the requirements for an ideal phalloplasty is the preservation of erogenous sensitivity, which is often demanded by the patients for fulfilling their sexual well-being. For the first time known to us, we use a functional magnetic resonance imaging following radial forearm flap phalloplasty with nerve anastomosis to assess the cortical activation after clitoral stimulation. The patient was poked with a plastic pen on the neophallus and the groin. Regular block design with T1 and BOLD-T2* images were used. The results contradict the classic Penfield and Rasmussen homunculus, that is, the activations in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) were bilateral with a left-sided dominance in the lateral parts of the medial postcentral gyrus (same region as the groin), and no activations were observed in the mesial parts of the postcentral gyrus. We also reported bilateral activations with a left-sided dominance in the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) and near Broca’s area at the sylvian fissure just posterior to ramus ascendens. Our findings are similar to previous studies reporting on imaging related to genital sensitivity.
Virtual Surgical Planning for Mandibular Distraction in Infants with Robin Sequence
Authors: Resnick Cory M. 
Published: June 2017

Summary:
Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) successfully relieves obstructive sleep apnea in many infants with Robin sequence. Preoperative virtual surgical planning and fabrication of three-dimensionally printed cutting guides may lead to further improvements in the MDO technique and decrease the risk for damage to adjacent structures such as developing teeth and the inferior alveolar nerve. This report presents an algorithm for virtual surgical planning and three-dimensionally printing of cutting guides for MDO in infants with RS.
Shifting of the Line of Sight in Tilted Disk Syndrome
Authors: Kosekahya Pinar , Sarac Ozge , Koc Mustafa , Caglayan Mehtap , Hondur Gozde , Cagil Nurullah 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:
To investigate the shifting of the line of sight (LoS) and the refractive, topographic, and aberrometric parameters that may be associated with the shifting of the LoS in eyes with tilted disk syndrome (TDS).

Methods:
Eighty left eyes of 80 subjects with TDS (Study Group) and 70 left eyes of 70 subjects with myopia and astigmatism (Control Group) were included in this study. Line-of-sight coordinates on the horizontal (x) and vertical (y) axes, refractive, topographic, and aberrometric parameters were evaluated. All parameters were compared between groups, and correlations were analyzed for the study group.

Results:
In the study group, the LoS significantly shifted to the superotemporal direction compared with the control group (P=0.022 and P=0.008 respectively). The shift on y-axis was correlated with mean cylindrical refractive error (r=−0.283, P=0.011), total root mean square (RMS) (r=0.321, P=0.004), higher-order aberration RMS (r=0.300, P=0.007), vertical coma (r=0.430, P<0.001), and vertical trefoil values (r=−0.455, P<0.001).

Conclusions:
Results demonstrated a superotemporal shifting of the LoS in eyes with TDS. As eyes with TDS have an important place among candidates for refractive and multifocal intraocular lens implantation surgeries, this shift must be accounted for to prevent decentralization and provide satisfactory outcomes.
Morphology and Function of Meibomian Glands and Other Tear Film Parameters in Junior High School Students
Authors: Mizoguchi Takanori , Arita Reiko , Fukuoka Shima , Morishige Naoyuki 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
We measured tear film parameters, including the morphology and function of meibomian glands, in junior high school students at 15 years of age.

Methods:
A total of 111 eyes of 111 students (56 males and 55 females) were enrolled in the study. The ocular symptom score (0–14), after-school study time, lipid layer thickness (LLT) of the tear film, partial blink rate, lid margin abnormalities (0–4), tear film breakup time, corneal and conjunctival epithelial damage (fluorescein staining score, 0–9), meiboscore as determined by noncontact meibography (0–6), Schirmer test value, and meibum grade (0–3) were determined. The relationships between parameters were evaluated with the Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ).

Results:
The meiboscore was 2.8 ± 1.2, and the meibum grade was 1.8 ± 1.2. The meiboscore significantly correlated with the meibum grade (ρ = 0.272, P = 0.004), Schirmer test value (ρ = −0.220, P = 0.021), and LLT (ρ = −0.264, P = 0.005). The breakup time significantly correlated with LLT (ρ = 0.261, P = 0.006), meibum grade (ρ = −0.338, P < 0.001), and fluorescein staining score (ρ = −0.214, P = 0.025). The partial blink rate significantly correlated with the Schirmer test value (ρ = −0.240, P = 0.011). The meiboscore (P < 0.001) and meibum grade (P = 0.032) were significantly greater in males than in females.

Conclusions:
The morphology and function of meibomian glands are altered even at 15 years of age, with the changes being more prominent in males than in females.
Atrial Fibrillation Symptoms and Sex, Race, and Psychological Distress
Authors: Gleason Kelly T. , Nazarian Saman , Dennison Himmelfarb Cheryl R. 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Atrial fibrillation (AF) symptoms are a major component of treatment decisions for patients with AF and impact quality of life and functional ability yet are poorly understood.

Objective:
This review aimed to determine what is known about the prevalence of symptoms and the association of symptoms to AF characteristics, psychological distress, sex, and race.

Methods:
We performed a structured review of AF symptoms as of March 2016 using PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL and reference searches of retrieved articles. Full-text, published, peer-reviewed, English-language articles were examined. Articles were included if they reported original research data on symptom prevalence and type among patients with AF.

Results:
The 3 most common symptoms were dyspnea, palpitations, and fatigue. The results suggested that, although AF characteristics are not a significant predictor of symptoms, tachycardia, female sex, race, and psychological distress have a positive association to symptoms.

Conclusions:
There is a scarcity of research examining symptoms in AF. Furthermore, the inconsistency in measurement methods and the failure to include diverse populations in AF research make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions from the current literature. Given the prevalence of AF in the United States and the impact of symptoms on quality of life and healthcare use, further research examining predictors of symptoms and interventions to alleviate symptoms is crucial.