bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy security: between markets and sovereign politics
Authors: Dudau Radu , Nedelcu Alexandra Catalina 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEnergy security is a constant presence in the energy-related political discourse all over the world. States strive to secure steady inflows of needed energy supplies, as well as the price affordability of those supplies. However, what are deemed to be the best means to meet such goals depends on one’s theoretical vantage point. On the one hand, economically-minded theorists maintain that energy security is only a matter of market rules and interactions. Thus, they call upon energy markets to deliver both steady supplies and competitive prices. On the other hand, politically-minded scholars emphasize the political and hard-power nature of international energy trades, especially in a global context market by the emergence of state-centered, authoritarian regimes that use large national energy companies as foreign policy instruments. These two positions delineate competing approaches to how energy security risks ought to be managed. The former approaches energy security risks by means similar to portfolio management, requiring diversification of investments in order to insulate them from market shocks. The latter approaches energy security as a matter of foreign policy, by which states envisage interest coordination and favorable alignments within countervailing alliances against the agent of energy security risk. The present paper goes beyond the uncontentious point that these two dimensions are complementary. It argues that, depending on the international context, a more market-driven or a more-politically driven behavior may be adequate.
Synthesis of new dithia[3.3]parapara- and metapara-cyclophane based tectons: toward an universal surface-confined 2D/3D molecular binding motif
Authors: Zaborova Elena , Six Alice , Amokrane Hanane , Charra Fabrice , Mathevet Fabrice , Attias André-Jean , Kreher David 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A series of new paraphenylene-based 2D and 3D tectons has been designed for supramolecular self-assembly on both HOPG and Au. Several versatile chemical strategies have been developed to reach the target tectons, bearing either metaparacyclophane or paraparacyclophane cores, functionalized or not, allowing the obtention soon of more complex 3D tectons bearing functional unit such as chromophores. Moreover, preliminary STM results show that these compounds can successfully self-assemble both on HOPG and Au(111) substrates at liquid-solid interface, encouraging us in finding an universal surface-confined 2D/3D molecular binding motif. This feature combined with the preliminary results of the self-assembly on the plasmonic substrate Au(111) open-up opportunities in the field of Nanoscience.
Allozymic Variation and Relationships within Viola sect. Viola (Violaceae) in Iran
Authors: Mehrvarz Shahryar Saeidi , Yeganeh Tahereh 
Published: November 2016

AbstractGenetic variation and differentiation in taxa of the genus Viola L. sect. Viola, subsections Viola and Rostratae (Kupffer) W. Becker, were studied from natural populations occurring in Iran. Two isoenzyme systems, Phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) and Aconitase (ACO), encoding four putative loci, were employed to detect interspecific and intraspecific genetic variation. Considering the patterns of isoenzyme variation in the studied taxa, it is evident that V. caspia (Rupr.) Freyn subsp. caspia and V. capia subsp. sylvestroides Marcussen are closely related. The species V. alba Bess. subsp. alba and V. sintenisii W. Becker are isoenzymatically well characterized as distinct genetic entities.
Only Cheap Talk after All? New Experimental Psychological Findings on the Role of Verbal Proficiency in Mate Choice
Authors: Lange Benjamin P. , Hennighausen Christine , Brill Michael , Schwab Frank 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Recent evolutionary experimental psychological research found that high verbal proficiency (VP) increased the perceived attractiveness of individuals (more so for males than females), especially in the context of a long-term relationship. Our study had the objective of replicating and extending this research. Similar to previous studies, audio files in which speakers performed scripted self-presentations that had equal content but varied on VP were used as stimuli for opposite-sex participants. VP was found to increase attractiveness ratings. The effects were mostly small for numerous variables relating to short-term mating, whereas they were moderate to large for long-term mating. Our participants attributed more future income, but not more total number of mates to speakers with higher VP. Female menstrual cycle effects on attractiveness ratings were not found. Contrary to former research, being more verbally proficient was not found to be more beneficial for one sex over the other.
An Experimental Approach to Basic Word Order in Turkish Intransitives
Authors: Arik Engin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This study offers an experimental perspective to investigate the word order and animacy effects of intransitives in Turkish, an agglutinative language with a canonical, flexible Subject-Object-Verb order. Four experiments were conducted to investigate a total of 528 Turkish speakers’ acceptability judgments using rating scales (Experiments 1 and 3; 7-point Likert scales) and forced choice tasks (Experiments 2 and 4; choosing one of two sentences) for various orders of linguistic forms in a simple intransitive sentence. Results from scalar acceptability judgments showed that there were significant main effects of order and subject, indicating that participants gave significantly higher ratings to SV sentences than VS sentences and that their ratings changed significantly according to the animacy of the subjects. Results from the forced choice tasks showed that participants preferred SV sentences to VS sentences. These findings suggest that Turkish speakers prefer SV order over VS order even though both are readily available.
Hybrid biocomposites from agricultural residues: mechanical, water absorption and tribological behaviors
Authors: Prithivirajan Rajaram , Jayabal Subbaian , Sundaram Subramanian Kalyana , Sangeetha Venkatalu 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
As south India is abundant with agricultural residues such as coir pith, rice husk and groundnut shell, this investigation is focused on using these residues as particle reinforcement for epoxy composites. The properties of coir pith, rice husk and groundnut shell particles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Moreover, particle sizes of residues were confirmed with a particle size analyzer. The particles were hybridized with different combinations and reinforced in epoxy matrix by means of the compression molding technique. The weight fraction of hybrid particles in the composites was varied in different proportions (7.5 wt%, 15 wt%, 22.5 wt% and 30 wt%) and their effects on mechanical, wear and water absorption properties were studied. The fracture mechanisms of the composites were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result showed that the addition of rice husk with coir pith and groundnut particles improved the mechanical and water retention properties of the composites, whereas addition of groundnut particles with coir pith improved the wear behavior of the composites.
Ablation and thermo-mechanical tailoring of EPDM rubber using carbon fibers
Authors: Asghar Muhammad , Iqbal Nadeem , Iqbal Sadia Sagar , Farooq Mohsin , Jamil Tahir 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Carbon fibers (CFs) are incorporated into ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber to fabricate charring elastomeric ablative composites for ultrahigh temperature applications. Ablation characteristics of the ablative composites were evaluated using ASTM E285-08. Variant content incorporation of short CFs in the basic composite formulation reduced the backface temperature acclivity and the ablation rate rose up to 48% and 78%, correspondingly. Thermal stability and endothermic capability were improved with increasing short fiber contents in the rubber matrix. Experimental thermal conductivity measurement results elucidate that thermal conductivity reduces 60% at 473 K with 6 wt% addition of the fibers. A remarkable improvement was scrutinized in the tensile strength and rubber hardness with increasing fiber to matrix ratio. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the composite specimens revealed the uniform dispersion of CFs within the host matrix, formation of voids during ablation, char-reinforcement interaction and composition of the charred ablators and the impregnated fibers.
Polite like an Egyptian? Case Studies of Politeness in the Late Ramesside Letters
Authors: Ridealgh Kim 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Late Ramesside Letters, a corpus of over 70 personal communications written in Late Egyptian, form one of the most complete letter collections from ancient Egypt (c. 1099–1069 BCE). A key feature of ancient Egyptian letter writing is the adherence to the social positions of, and relationships between, the interlocutors, allowing scholars to reconstruct the hierarchical network of individuals directly and indirectly included in the corpus. From this understanding, how can modern scholars discern what was considered to be ‘polite’ communicative behaviour within these relationships and how can developments in historical politeness help us do this? This article will explore three case studies surrounding different aspects of politeness research: first-order politeness, facework, and discernment politeness in order to explore the phenomenon of ‘politeness’ in Late Egyptian and reflect on the suitability of current politeness frameworks for the analysis of the Late Ramesside Letters.
Removal of thorium(IV) from aqueous solutions by natural sepiolite
Authors: Esen Erden Kadriye , Donat Ramazan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Natural sepiolite has been tested as a potential sorbent for the removal of Th(IV) from aqueous solutions by batch technique. Effects of various parameters on the adsorption process have been investigated. Under optimum conditions, Th(IV) was adsorbed with high adsorption efficiency. The results indicated that sorption of Th(IV) on sepiolite was strongly affected by pH values and temperature. The adsorption patterns of thorium on the sepiolite adsorbent followed the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherms. The thermodynamic data (ΔH°, ΔS°, ΔG°) are calculated from the temperature-dependent sorption isotherms. The results suggest that sorption process of Th(IV) on sepiolite is spontaneous and endothermic.
Liquid chromatographic studies on the behaviour of Pu(III), Pu(IV) and Pu(VI) on a RP stationary phase in presence of α-Hydroxyisobutyric acid as a chelating agent
Authors: Jaison P.G. , Kumar Pranaw , Telmore Vijay M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Since plutonium possesses multiple oxidation states which can coexist in solution, a method for the identification of these oxidation states is important to understand its chemical processes. Liquid chromatographic studies were carried out to compare the chromatographic behaviour of different oxidation states of Pu in presence of the eluent, α-hydroxyisobutyric acid (HIBA). The three oxidation states of Pu viz. Pu(III), Pu(IV) and Pu(VI) were separated under optimised conditions. It was seen that the presence of the complexing agent influences the equilibrium of Pu(III)/(IV) as well as Pu(IV)/(VI) systems. Pu(III) to Pu(IV) conversion was found to be enhanced by high pH and concentration of HIBA whereas a relatively low pH and high concentration of HIBA promotes the conversion of Pu(VI) to Pu(IV).
Hafnium(IV) complexation with oxalate at variable temperatures
Authors: Friend Mitchell T. , Wall Nathalie A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Appropriate management of fission products in the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) is crucial in developing advanced reprocessing schemes. The addition of aqueous phase complexing agents can prevent the co-extraction of these fission products. A solvent extraction technique was used to study the complexation of Hf(IV) – an analog to fission product Zr(IV) – with oxalate at 15, 25, and 35°C in 1 M HClO4 utilizing a 175+181Hf radiotracer. The mechanism of the solvent extraction system of 10−5 M Hf(IV) in 1 M HClO4 to thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) in toluene demonstrated a 4th-power dependence in both TTA and H+, with Hf(TTA)4 the only extractable species. The equilibrium constant for the extraction of Hf(TTA)4 was determined to be log K
ex=7.67±0.07 (25±1°C, 1 M HClO4). The addition of oxalate to the aqueous phase decreased the distribution ratio, indicating aqueous Hf(IV)-oxalate complex formation. Polynomial fits to the distribution data identified the formation of Hf(ox)2+ and Hf(ox)2 (aq) and their stability constants were measured at 15, 25, and 35°C in 1 M HClO4. van’t Hoff analysis was used to calculate Δr
G, Δr
H, and Δr
S for these species. Stability constants were observed to increase at higher temperature, an indication that Hf(IV)-oxalate complexation is endothermic and driven by entropy.
Stent-assisted coiling of large common femoral artery pseudoaneurysm following coronary artery catheterization: an uncommon and novel approach
Authors: Mahjoob Mohammad Parsa , Khaheshi Isa , Naderian Mohammadreza 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The femoral artery pseudoaneurysm is a disturbing groin complication associated with the femoral arterial access site used for invasive cardiovascular interventions. We present a 39 year old man who developed a huge right common femoral artery pseudoaneurysm, following diagnostic coronary artery catheterization, which was successfully managed with stent-assisted coiling, an emerging and narrative option in invasive percutaneous approaches to femoral artery pseudoaneurysm.
Olfactometric assessment - where do we stand today?
Authors: Melinte Violeta , Sarafoleanu Codrut 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Having an enormous importance not only in one’s quality of life, but also in one’s health and personal safety, the olfactory function assessment has begun to gain more and more interest amongst the ENT practitioners. However, at the moment, there is no worldwide accepted evaluation protocol available despite the fact that studies regarding smell disorders and their evaluation have been published all over the world.
The purpose of this article is to present the olfactory assessment methods practiced today not only in different clinics from Europe and the USA, but also in Romania, because we have recently started to study the olfactory function disturbances. Three of the most interesting clinical cases, assessed in our ENT Department of the “Sfanta Maria” Clinical Hospital between 2015 and 2016, will be discussed in the current paper.
Legal aspects in patients with complications and sequelae after rhinological surgery
Authors: Savu Manuela-Andra , Sarafoleanu Codrut 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBACKGROUND. In time, the field of surgery has developed, introducing new techniques for old diseases. Along with this evolution, postoperative complications occurred and patients denounced doctors for insufficient medical care or inappropriate surgical approach. We observed an increased number of reclamations from patients who underwent rhinological surgery. All of those patients considered that medical care and the surgical act were improper, with poor outcome.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The purpose of our presentation is to sum all the causes that motivate the patients to formulate claims and to start the legal prosecution, in order to obtain financial compensation and the doctor’s conviction. We included all the patients who referred to our clinic (even if they were first treated by us or another surgical team), complaining of postoperative: persistent purulent rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, crusts, cacosmia or anosmia, epistaxis, epiphora, unaesthetic nasal aspect. Some of these patients, before or after receiving our care, denounced the initial caregiver.RESULTS. Their main complaints involved poor preoperative notifications regarding the surgical method, risks and potential complications, extensive surgery, wrong surgical indication, inexperienced surgical team, poor postoperative care. Even if they were first treated in our clinic or not, these patients received medical and surgical care to correct all the negative post operatory outcomes. Some of the patients still pursued the legal pathway, engaging all the resources to prove doctor’s medical guilt.CONCLUSION. To avoid medico-legal situations, guidelines need to be established for the ENT surgeons, in order to confer a healthier work environment with minimum risks and complications.
The elastic undrained modulus Eu50 for stiff consolidated clays related to the concept of stress history and normalized soil properties
Authors: Stróżyk Joanna , Tankiewicz Matylda 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a triaxial test conducted on stiff, consolidated clays. The standard TXCIU procedure (isotropic consolidation and undrained shearing) was applied in the laboratory soil tests. The undrained elastic modulus Eu50 was determined from each test.
The Eu50 values were determined for soil samples cut out from different depths and tested under different confining pressures. There was a significant scatter of values with depth, and no relationships between Eu50 modules or other geotechnical parameters (e.g., cu) were observed.
This work presents the concept of normalization of Eu50 modulus values using modified normalization SHANSEP (Stress History And Normalized Soil Engineering Properties). This method was first proposed for estimating the value of the undrained shear strength cu normalizing the parameter relative to the in situ effective vertical stress σ′vo and loading history (overconsolidation stress σ′p and overconsolidation ratio OCR) of the soil.
The study demonstrated that the concept of normalization of soil properties can also be used for testing elastic modulus Eu50 of consolidated natural clays and normalized values of geotechnical parameters taking into account the state of stress and load history can be correlated with the value of the overburden pressure.
Using movies in family medicine teaching: A reference to EURACT Educational Agenda
Authors: Klemenc Ketiš Zalika , Švab Igor 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Cinemeducation is a teaching method where popular movies or movie clips are used. We aimed to determine whether family physicians’ competencies as listed in the Educational Agenda produced by the European Academy of Teachers in General Practice/Family Medicine (EURACT) can be found in movies, and to propose a template for teaching by these movies.

Methods
A group of family medicine teachers provided a list of movies that they would use in cinemeducation. The movies were categorised according to the key family medicine competencies, thus creating a framework of competences, covered by different movies. These key competencies are Primary care management, Personcentred care, Specific problem-solving skills, Comprehensive approach, Community orientation, and Holistic approach.

Results
The list consisted of 17 movies. Nine covered primary care management. Person-centred care was covered in 13 movies. Eight movies covered specific problem-solving skills. Comprehensive approach was covered in five movies. Five movies covered community orientation. Holistic approach was covered in five movies.

Conclusions
All key family medicine competencies listed in the Educational Agenda can be taught using movies. Our results can serve as a template for teachers on how to use any appropriate movies in family medicine education.
Evaluation of national food and nutrition policy in Albania
Authors: Mersini Ehadu , Hyska Jolanda , Burazeri Genc 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Introduction
The paper aims to describe the progress that has been made in the implementation of the Albanian food and nutrition policy since 2003, so as to consider its impacts to date, and to identify strategic priorities/critical areas and priorities for Albania’s future policy on improving the national food and nutrition situation.

Methods
In 2011-2012, an expert group applied an intersectoral participatory approach to evaluate the implementation of Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2003-08 in Albania. The experts employed the quantitative method, using a 9 question logical assessment matrix to measure the achievements of the individual goals of the Plan, and a qualitative tool for the interview of an interdisciplinary sample of 68-key informants-persons operating in public health nutrition, food safety and food availability related subfields, from a wide range of pertinent institutions and stakeholders.

Results
The quantitative and qualitative assessment revealed that the implementation process has faced serious barriers linked to the design of the plan, which did not accurately anticipate a theoretical framework, or structured methods for its implementation. Other impeding factors included the lack of institutional/infrastructure support, lack of intersectoral coordination and motivation, as well as insufficient capacities and know-how. Intersectoral response to the multifaceted nature of double burden of malnutrition is of key importance to improve nutritional wellbeing and health outcomes in Albania.

Conclusions
Participatory approaches that involve all relevant sectors and actors in the development, monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of public health policies based on comprehensive action-oriented assessments are promising and should be further supported.
Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Combat Among Different Categories: Time-Motion and Physiology. A Systematic Review
Authors: Andreato Leonardo Vidal , Follmer Bruno , Celidonio Carolina Leal , Honorato Anderson da Silva 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
THIS STUDY AIMED TO SYNTHESIZE FINDINGS CONCERNING TIME-MOTION ANALYSIS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES, AND PERFORMANCE AND PERCEPTUAL EXERTION IN BRAZILIAN JIU-JITSU COMBATS. THE EFFORT/PAUSE RATIO DURING MATCHES WAS 6:1 TO 13:1, WITH EFFORT PERIODS OF 85–290 SECONDS AND PAUSES OF 5–44 SECONDS. POSTMATCH LACTATE CONCENTRATION (∼10 MMOL/L) INDICATES MODERATE-TO-HIGH GLYCOLYTIC PATHWAY ACTIVATION. COMBATS TEND TO GENERATE CELL DAMAGE, MAINLY AFTER SUCCESSIVE BOUTS. RESULTS OF LOWER LIMB PERFORMANCE DIFFER AMONG STUDIES; HOWEVER, HANDGRIP STRENGTH IS REDUCED AFTER MATCHES. COMBATS ARE CLASSIFIED AS “HARD,” ALTHOUGH FOREARMS, FINGERS, WRIST, AND BICEPS BRACHII ARE THE MOST REPORTED FATIGUE AREAS.