bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environment Quality: Impact From Traffic, Power Plant and Land Morphology, a Case Study of Prishtina
Authors: Bajcinovci Bujar 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Environmental air pollution is a global health concern, a complex phenomenon which is directly reflected on public health, economic and human development. Environmental air pollution has been drastically multiplied, followed by the beginning of the new Millennia in Prishtina, the capital city of the Kosovo. The new millennium began as a crucial activity for the city of Prishtina in terms of demographic, human geography, social and economic phenomena. The presented study aims to determine prevalent traffic and land morphology composition attributes, which have influenced and continue to have environmental impact in the city of Prishtina. According to the conceptual findings from the empirical observations, the heavy city traffic and the land morphology structure, determine the urban air pollution level. Prishtina is generally polluted due to its geomorphic position in relation to the power plants Kosovo A, and Kosova B. The impact of the above cited factors, is even bigger when the dominant winds prevail through valley, which encompasses the city. The findings from this paper propose the necessity of careful driven urban solutions.
A Note on Reference to Kinds in Mandarin: the N-leikindCompound
Authors: Li XuPing 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis squib examines a special kind-referring expression in Mandarin Chinese, the N-leikindcompound. We show that like Mandarin bare nouns, N-leikindcompounds also denote kinds, but they can only be instantiated by sets of (sub) kind entities at type <k, t>, and not sets of individuals at type <e, t>. Specifically, those kind entities belong to basic-level categories in some folk taxonomy. We claim that N-lei is the nominalization counterpart of the classifier phrase lei-N, and it denotes superkinds, which are instantiated by sets of subkind entities. Accordingly, Mandarin bare nouns are comparable to bare plurals in English, whereas N-lei is comparable to definite singulars in English.
The Syntax of the Abstract-type Measurement Construction in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Jin Jing 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This paper investigates a special sub-type of measurement construction in Mandarin Chinese, namely the [Num-measure word-de-N] construction where the N is an abstract dimension-denoting noun. Evidence is presented to show that the abstract-type [Num-measure word-de-N] should be fundamentally distinguished from the quantifying-/modifying-type [Num-measure word-de-N], in which the [Num-measure word] sequence serves to quantize/modify a semantically concrete, entity-denoting N. At the interpretive level, this paper claims that the abstracttype [Num-measure word-de-N] is semantically definite. At the syntactic level, a clausal analysis within the framework of the Predicate Inversion theory is pursued to account for the derivation of the abstract-type measurement construction. Last, it is proposed that the word order distinction between the Chinese abstracttype measurement construction, which is N-final, and its English counterpart, where the N linearly precedes [Num-measure word], can be explained in terms of a parametric variation with respect to the (non-)application of N-raising after Predicate Inversion.
Тhe Impact Of Positive Acceleration (+Gz) on Antioxidant Capacity and Histopathological Alterations in Different Organs and Tissues in Rats
Authors: Ristic Jelena , Nikolic Tamara , Jeremic Jovana , Stojic Isidora , Janicijevic-Hudomal Snezana , Popovic Mira , Arsic-Komljenovic Gordana , Radojevic-Popovic Radmila , Srejovic Ivan , Zivkovic Vladimir 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Since the early 1940s, a significant amount of research has been conducted to describe the impact of the high-G acceleration on the cardiovascular system. The objective of the present study was to examine the role of the antioxidant enzyme system under biodynamic stress in the liver, heart and gastric mucosa in response to high-magnitude +Gz exposure in a rat model. Twenty adult male Wistar albino rats (10 rats per group; 9-11 weeks old, 200-250 g b.w.) were divided into the following two groups: control and G (exposed to a biodynamic stress model under positive (+7 Gz) acceleration for 40 s). The influence of acute biodynamic stress on pro-oxidative parameters in the rat liver (xanthine oxidase (XOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (Px), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total content of glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPx)) and on histopathological alterations in the liver, cardiac muscle and gastric mucosa was examined. Biodynamic stress resulting from positive (+7 Gz) acceleration resulted in a highly statistically signifi cant increase of CAT GSH-Px activity compared to the control group. The LPx levels were significantly decreased, but the GSH contents and the activities of other enzymes were not significantly changed. Significant microscopic changes in the liver, heart and gastric mucosa were observed in the G group. These results clearly indicate that +Gz acceleration alters biochemical systems. These alterations in cellular processes may be mediated by influences of hypoxia or ischaemia via changes in the antioxidant capacity.
Analytical Profiling of Airplane Wastewater - a New Matrix for Mapping Worldwide Patterns of Drug Use and Abuse
Authors: Mardal Marie , Aarestrup Frank Møller , Rasmussen Brian Schou , Mollerup Christian Brinch , Dalsgaard Petur Weihe , Linnet Kristian 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
There is limited knowledge on the global prescription and consumption patterns of therapeutic (TD) and illicit drugs (ID). Pooled urine analysis and wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been used for local-based drug screening. It is, however, difficult to study the global epidemiology due to difficulties in obtaining samples. The aims of the study were to test the detectability of TD and ID in airplane wastewater samples categorized according to their geographical origin.
Wastewater samples (n= 17) were collected from long-distance flights and prepared with enzymatic conjugate cleaving followed by either precipitation or solid phase extraction. Aliquots were analysed on various liquid chromatography – mass spectrometers. TDs were grouped according to their Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes.
Identification confidence was assigned to three levels based on variables including detection on multiple instruments and number of targets per compound. A total of 424 compounds were identified across all samples, distributed on 87 unique TD and 2 ID. Two principal components in a principal component analysis separated three clusters of wastewater samples corresponding to geographical origin of the airplanes with therapeutic subgroup ATC codes as variables. Airplane wastewater analysis is useful for identifying targets for WBE and toxicological analysis and explore drug use and abuse patterns.
Study On Budget Revenue Collection, Shadow Economy and Tax Losses Caused By It
Authors: Radu Claudia Florina , Dumiter Florin Cornel , Dudas Lavinia , Jimon Stefania Master 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTax avoidance is a phenomenon faced by all countries, to a lesser or greater extent, and we can say that it has begun to manifest itself since the introduction of taxes. It is known that generally taxes are not pleasing to taxpayers, especially when their level is high. However, it is important for individuals, as a whole, not to evade from their tax obligations. In this context taxes can be regarded as a necessary evil to ensure the resources needed for state functioning. But often some taxpayers are looking for ways to avoid taxes, engaging either in tax evasion to the shelter of the law or in fraudulent evasion. In this paper we present some of the aspects that motivate individuals to pay taxes. Also we analyze the situation of budgetary revenues in Alba County and also the evolution of the main income of consolidated general budget in Romania. In the end of the paper we intend to draw a parallel between shadow economy, tax burden and tax losses due to shadow economy for a sample of 32 countries. In this way we can see where underground economy and tax losses have the highest values and where are required measures to mitigate them.
The Geographical and Administrative Landscape of Lower Middle Egypt in Text B of the Wilbour Papyrus
Authors: Antoine Jean Christophe 
Published: July 2017

Summary
The geographical information contained in text B of P. Wilbour has not been fully exploited. Completing text A, they suggest that the Memphite administration conducted the land surveys recorded in the papyrus with the consequence that the 17th and 20th Nomes of Upper Egypt (encompassing at that time the 18th, 19th, 21th and 22th Nomes) were probably administratively attached to Lower Egypt. It was also possible to propose the identification of Ope (ʾIpt) with modern Biba, P-Tjesy-Haur (PꜢ-ṯsy-Ḥur) with Saft Meidum and Onayna (ꜤꜢnꜢynꜢ) with Greek Οννη, while Su (Sw) may have been located in the vicinity of Kiman al-Arus. Furthermore, W-ḥry-ı͗b, the Middle Country, as ʾIw-ḥry-ı͗b of the contending of Horus and Seth, probably designated a part of the valley comprised between the Nile and a perennial or seasonal and probably discontinuous waterway running in the central part of the floodplain from the Herakleopolite Nome to the region of Neferusi in the 16th Nome.
Deep-Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Selectively Decreases Risky Choice in Risk-Preferring Rats
Authors: Adams Wendy K. , Vonder Haar Cole , Tremblay Melanie , Cocker Paul J. , Silveira Mason M. , Kaur Sukhbir , Baunez Christelle , Winstanley Catharine A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDeep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) can improve the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and negate the problematic side effects of dopamine replacement therapy. Although there is concern that STN-DBS may enhance the development of gambling disorder and other impulse control disorders in this patient group, recent data suggest that STN-DBS may actually reduce iatrogenic impulse control disorders, and alleviate obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Here, we sought to determine whether STN-DBS was beneficial or detrimental to performance of the rat gambling task (rGT), a rodent analogue of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) used to assess risky decision making clinically. Rats chose between four options associated with different amounts and probabilities of sugar pellet rewards versus timeout punishments. As in the IGT, the optimal approach was to favor options associated with smaller per-trial gains but lower timeout penalties. Once a stable behavioral baseline was established, electrodes were implanted bilaterally into the STN, and the effects of STN-DBS assessed on-task over 10 consecutive sessions using an A-B-A design. STN-DBS did not affect choice in optimal decision makers that correctly favored options associated with smaller per-trial gains but also lower penalties. However, a minority (∼25%) preferred the maladaptive “high-risk, high-reward” options at baseline. STN-DBS significantly and progressively improved choice in these risk-preferring rats. These data support the hypothesis that STN-DBS may be beneficial in ameliorating maladaptive decision making associated with compulsive and addiction disorders.
Arte y política: un estudio comparativo de Jacques Rancière y Nelly Richard para el arte latinoamericano
Authors: Capasso Verónica , Bugnone Ana 
Published: July 2017

<p>En este artículo se indagan y comparan las teorías de Jacques Rancière y Nelly Richard sobre la relación entre arte y política desde el pensamiento posfundacional, y se producen reflexiones y análisis de manifestaciones artísticas latinoamericanas vanguardistas o críticas en diálogo con ambas. Para ello, se parte de una presentación de las teorías de Rancière y Richard en términos generales, se focaliza en las ideas que dichos autores tienen de la política y, específicamente, en la conceptualización que hacen del arte y su relación con la política. Al mismo tiempo, se desarrolla una interpretación de producciones artísticas desde una mirada centrada en sus diversas conexiones con lo político, más allá del contenido temático de estas. Se utiliza la perspectiva metodológica cualitativa transdisciplinaria, que articula distintas<br />áreas de conocimiento (filosofía política, sociología, historia del arte). En el caso de los desarrollos de Jacques Rancière, se recurre a herramientas teóricas metropolitanas para resituarlas y repensarlas en función del arte de Latinoamérica. En este sentido, se trata de potenciar sus ideas en el análisis de casos locales. En cuanto a la teoría de Nelly Richard, sus conceptos de arte crítico y vanguardista se ponen en relación con el arte latinoamericano. Finalmente, se propone una comparación en la cual se destacan similitudes y diferencias conceptuales entre ambos en combinación con análisis de casos para abrir el panorama analítico e interpretativo que vincule teorías actuales con estudios de manifestaciones artísticas locales.</p>
Two Types of Etiological Mutation in the Limb-Specific Enhancer ofShh
Authors: Amano Takanori , Sagai Tomoko , Seki Ryohei , Shiroishi Toshihiko 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn enhancer named MFCS1 regulates Sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression in the posterior mesenchyme of limb buds. Several mutations in MFCS1 induce ectopic Shh expression in the anterior limb bud, and these result in preaxial polydactyly (PPD). However, the molecular basis of ectopic Shh expression remains elusive, although some mutations are known to disrupt the negative regulation of Shh expression in the anterior limb bud. Here, we analyzed the molecular mechanism of ectopic Shh expression in PPD including in a mouse mutation—hemimelic extra toes (Hx)—and in other MFCS1 mutations in different species. First, we generated transgenic mouse lines with a LacZ reporter cassette flanked with tandem repeats of 40 bp MFCS1 fragments harboring a mutation. The transgenic mouse line with the Hx-type fragment showed reporter expression exclusively in the anterior, but not in the posterior margins of limb buds. In contrast, no specific LacZ expression was observed in lines carrying the MFCS1 fragment with other mutations. Yeast one-hybrid assays revealed that the msh-like homeodomain protein, MSX1, bound specifically to the Hx sequence of MFCS1. Thus, PPD caused by mutations in MFCS1 has two major types of molecular etiology: loss of a cis-motif for negative regulation of Shh, and acquisition of a new cis-motif binding to a preexisting transcription factor, as represented by the Hx mutation.
ESTUDIO DE LA MOVILIDAD CICLISTA EN UN SECTOR DE LOS CANTONES CARTAGO Y EL GUARCO, DE LA PROVINCIA CARTAGO, COSTA RICA
Authors: Torres-Paniagua Mauricio , Hernández-Vega Henry 
Published: July 2017

El presente artículo presenta un resumen de un estudio de la movilidad en bicicleta en sectores de los distritos San Francisco, Guadalupe y Quebradilla del cantón de Cartago, y de los distritos Tobosi y Tejar del cantón El Guarco, en Costa Rica. El estudio de movilidad incluyó la evaluación de mapas con curvas de nivel en el sector con el fin de determinar las zonas que presentan una topografía favorable para el tránsito en bicicleta, esto se complementó con una caracterización de la zona, con ayuda de mapas de uso de suelo y visitas al sitio, que permitieron identificar los principales atractores y generadores de viajes. Se efectuaron conteos de bicicletas y encuestas para estudiar la movilidad y caracterizar a los ciclistas. Se generó una red de movilidad ciclista. Los usuarios de bicicleta en la zona, son generalmente adultos jóvenes quienes viajan por motivo de trabajo y que pertenecen a un estrato socioeconómico específico. La zona posee características espaciales que propician el ciclismo y que pueden ser potenciadas con mejoras en la infraestructura.
América Latina en tiempos de restauración neoliberal: ?qué hacemos ahora?
Authors: Mora-Ramírez Andrés 
Published: July 2017

Este ensayo ofrece una perspectiva de interpretación de la coyuntura política latinoamericana de los últimos dos a tres años caracterizada por un lado, por lo que algunos analistas llaman fin del ciclo progresista y nacional-popular; y por el otro, por el ascenso electoral de gobiernos y partidos de derecha, que impulsan una restauración del proyecto neoliberal en la región. Se presenta una contextualización de este doble proceso y de sus principales dimensiones de conflicto, y se reflexiona, desde una posición de identificación y acompañamiento crítico con el proyecto progresista y nacional-popular latinoamericano, sobre la necesidad de que los movimientos sociales, partidos políticos e intelectuales orgánicos de las izquierdas latinoamericanas asuman como tarea la disputa por la hegemonía política y cultural frente al proyecto de actualización del neoliberalismo.
Problems Faced by the Teacher in Maximizing the Use of Learning Media in Padang
Authors: Tamrin M , Azkiya Hidayati , Sari Syafni Gustina 
Published: July 2017

This research aims to find the teacher condition in teaching relating to the use of instructional media. This study used descriptive qualitative method to gain the data in which the the researcher play his role as the major Instrument and put the teachers as the key informant while the secondary informant is the principal. The results of the research shows that the teachers were satisfied with what he/she has always do, and they feel there is no need to be changed or developed on the pattern of teaching and learning with the help of the media. This research conclude that teachers assumee that teaching does not suported by various types of media and it make them have lack ability to use the learning media. Finally, this reseach recomend the teacher to change their habbit in using the media while the school leader provide them with opportunities to utilize the media in their teaching process.
Aplikasi Pembelajaran Menyusun Ayat Sebagai Metode Menghafal Al-Qur’an (Juz 30)
Authors: Norhan Linda , Sanjaya Laras 
Published: July 2017

Al-Qur’an adalah wahyu Allah Subhanahu wa ta'ala yang diturunkan kepada nabi Muhammad Shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan pihak Rumah Tahfiz Al Qur’an Nurul Hidayah salah satu lembaga pendidikan yang menyediakan fasilitas menghafal Al-Qur’an, saat ini menghafal Al Qur’an memiliki keterbatasan dalam hal tempat berupa lembaga pendidikan yang menyediakan fasilitas untuk menghafal Al Qur’an. Selain itu terbatasnya pengajar dalam menghafal Al Qur’an, penerapan metode menghafal yang cukup sulit untuk diimplementasikan dengan keterbatasan peralatan yang ada, menyebabkan timbulnya permasalahan. Dengan pendekatan teknologi yang ada diharapkan menghafal Al-Qur’an dapat dilakukan semaksimal mungkin. Kondisi ini dapat dipenuhi dengan adanya sebuah solusi yaitu dengan membangun sebuah aplikasi bantu dalam menghafal Al Qur’an, sehingga bisa diakses dimana saja berada. Menyediakan fitur-fitur yang diperlukan sesuai dengan metode yang sudah ada, yaitu bisa membaca dan mendengarkan berulang-ulang (muraja’ah). Untuk membuat sebuah aplikasi ini, digunakan perangkat lunak (software) Macromedia Flash 8 Professional sebagai pemrograman dan pembuatan animasi pada aplikasi pembelajaran ini, sedangkan Adobe Photoshop CS3 sebagai pengeditan gambar serta tulisan-tulisan dalam aplikasi pembelajaran, Total Video Converter melakukan pengubah suara (audio) dalam bentuk format lainnya, Nero WaveEditor sebagai pemotong atau pengeditan suara (audio) yang ingin di ambil dengan format .mp3 maupun .wav. Dengan dibuatnya aplikasi ini diharapkan dapat membantu dan memudahkan dalam menghafal Al Qur’an. Kata kunci- aplikasi, belajar, Al-Qur’an, macromedia Flash
Prevalence and predictors of metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Naik Muzafar , Bhat Tariq , Jalalie Ummer , Ganayie Mohd Tahir , Waseem Mir , Bhat Arif 
Published: July 2017

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality secondary to accelerated atherosclerosis. There is a strong association of metabolic syndrome (MS) with atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of MS in RA and to identify the predictors of MS in RA. Methods: The study included 100 patients of RA (83 females,17 males; median age 42.5(17) years diagnosed according to 2010 American College of Rheumatology-European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria who were on treatment and 110 age and sex-matched apparently healthy controls (26 males, 84 females; median age 45 (20) years). The frequency of MS was assessed using joint consensus 2009 criteria. Patients were also assessed in terms of disease activity, using disease activity score 28 CRP. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of MS in RA.Results: Metabolic syndrome was found in 45% of RA group and 22.7% of control group according to joint consensus 2009 criteria (p<0.005). RA group was significantly more likely to have low high-density lipoprotein (65%), elevated blood pressure (60%) levels and abnormal sugar (28%). In RA group, CRP (odds ratio: 1.101, confidence interval: 1.032-1.174 (p=0.004) {adjusted for age, DAS 28 score & Anti-CCP} remained independent predictor for presence of MS in RA.Conclusions: The frequency of MS was higher in RA group compared to control group. High CRP remained independent predictor associated with presence of MS. There was no association of high disease activity with MS in our RA patients. These findings suggest that the treating physician should screen RA patients early for presence of MS.
Comparative evaluation of hemodynamic and capnographic changes in low pressure versus normal pressure pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Singh Shailendra Pal , Verma Shashank , Pandey Anand , Shukla Usha , Gupta Vipin , Singh Praveen , Saini Vishal 
Published: July 2017

Background: In laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), the extent of hemodynamic changes associated with creation of pneumoperitoneum depends on the intra-abdominal pressure attained, volume of CO2 absorbed, and patient’s intravascular volume. In our study, we attempted to compare the hemodynamic and capnographic changes in the low pressure (<8mm Hg) and standard pressure (12-14mm Hg) LC.Methods: In this randomized case control study, Group A included patients undergoing Low pressure LC (<8mm Hg). In group B, Standard pressure LC (12-14mmHg) was performed. Both groups were evaluated for the hemodynamic and capnographic changes and other parameters.Results: Difference in mean heart rate of Group A and Group B was found to be statistically significant at 10 min after induction. After 30 minutes of surgery, systolic blood pressure of Group B was found to be higher than that of Group A (p <0.05). Differences in diastolic blood pressure among patients of Group A and Group B were found to be statistically significant only at 30 min and 40 min after induction. Except at 30 min after induction, differences in EtCO2 levels of patients of Group A and Group B were found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: It appears that low pressure pneumoperitoneum appears to be having fewer effects on blood pressure- both systolic and diastolic, as compared to standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing LC. It also appears to be causing fewer derangements in ETCO2. This may help in smooth recovery and less post-operative problems.