bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reverse chemical ecology approach for the identification of an oviposition attractant forCulex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Choo Young-Moo , Xu Pingxi , Hwang Justin K. , Zeng Fangfang , Tan Kaiming , Bhagavathy Ganga , Chauhan Kamlesh R. , Leal Walter S. 
Published: January 2018

SignificanceSurveillance of mosquito populations is essential for determining the best timing for intervention as well as for monitoring circulation of new and previously detected pathogens. Trapping gravid females is more effective because they are more likely to be infected than nongravid females. However, better gravid trap attractants are sorely needed to replace fermentation recipes, which are cumbersome, have poor quality control, generate an offensive smell, and do not provide a long-term and consistent source of attractants. By using a reverse chemical ecology approach based on odorant receptors from the southern house mosquito, we have identified that acetaldehyde in a wide range of doses both attracts gravid female mosquitoes and stimulates them to lay eggs in oviposition trays.
Prenylation enhances the biological activity of dietary flavonoids by altering their bioavailability
Authors: Mukai Rie 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Flavonoids are distributed across the plant kingdom and have attracted substantial attention owing to their potential benefits for human health. Several studies have demonstrated that flavonoids prenylation enhances various biological activities, suggesting an attractive tool for developing functional foods. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on how prenylation influences the biological activity and bioavailability of flavonoids. The enhancement effect of prenylation on the biological activities of dietary flavonoids in mammals was demonstrated by comparing the effect of 8-prenyl naringenin (8PN) with that of parent naringenin in the prevention of disuse muscle atrophy in mice. This enhancement results from higher muscular accumulation of 8PN than naringenin. As to bioavailability, despite the lower absorption of 8-prenyl quercetin (8PQ) compared with quercetin, higher 8PQ accumulation was found in the liver and kidney. These data imply that prenylation interferes with the elimination of flavonoids from tissues.
The 1975 Japanese diet has a stress reduction effect in mice: search for physiological effects using metabolome analysis
Authors: Iwagaki Yui , Sugawara Saeko , Huruya Yasuhisa , Sato Miki , Wu Qiming , E Shuang , Yamamoto Kazushi , Tsuduki Tsuyoshi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We aimed to find new physiological effects of the Japanese diet. First, to determine the key components in serum from mice fed the 1975 diet, serum from mice fed the 1960, 1975, 1990 or 2005 Japanese diet was analyzed using CE-TOFMS and LC-TOFMS. Based on these results, the key components were determined by principal component analysis. Among the identified compounds, GABA was included. Therefore, a stress reduction effect was inferred as a novel physiological effect of this diet. Next, we tested whether the 1975 diet had an actual stress reduction effect in mice. Mice were given the 1975 diet or a control diet for 4 weeks, after which they were divided into restraint stress and non-stress groups. Mice fed the 1975 diet had significantly decreased stress parameters compared with those fed the control diet. These results provide the first evidence that the 1975 Japanese diet has a stress reduction effect.
The Temporal Dynamics of Brain Plasticity in Aging
Authors: de Lange Ann-Marie Glasø , Bråthen Anne Cecilie Sjøli , Rohani Darius A , Fjell Anders M , Walhovd Kristine B 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCognitive training has been suggested as a possible remediation of decline in brain structure with older age. However, it is unknown whether training effects are transient or enduring, as no studies have examined training-induced plasticity relative to decline in older adults across extended periods with multiple intervention phases. We investigated the temporal dynamics of brain plasticity across periods on and off memory training, hypothesizing that (1) a decline in white matter (WM) microstructure would be observed across the duration of the study and (2) that periods of memory training would moderate the WM microstructural decline. In total, 107 older adults followed a 40-week program, including 2 training periods separated by periods with no intervention. The general decline in WM microstructure observed across the duration of the study was moderated following the training periods, demonstrating that cognitive training may mitigate age-related brain deterioration. The training-related improvements were estimated to subside over time, indicating that continuous training may be a premise for the enduring attenuation of neural decline. Memory improvements were largely maintained after the initial training period, and may thus not rely on continuous training to the same degree as WM microstructure.
SemEHR: A general-purpose semantic search system to surface semantic data from clinical notes for tailored care, trial recruitment, and clinical research*
Authors: Wu Honghan , Toti Giulia , Morley Katherine I , Ibrahim Zina M , Folarin Amos , Jackson Richard , Kartoglu Ismail , Agrawal Asha , Stringer Clive , Gale Darren , Gorrell Genevieve , Roberts Angus , Broadbent Matthew , Stewart Robert , Dobson Richard JB 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveUnlocking the data contained within both structured and unstructured components of electronic health records (EHRs) has the potential to provide a step change in data available for secondary research use, generation of actionable medical insights, hospital management, and trial recruitment. To achieve this, we implemented SemEHR, an open source semantic search and analytics tool for EHRs.MethodsSemEHR implements a generic information extraction (IE) and retrieval infrastructure by identifying contextualized mentions of a wide range of biomedical concepts within EHRs. Natural language processing annotations are further assembled at the patient level and extended with EHR-specific knowledge to generate a timeline for each patient. The semantic data are serviced via ontology-based search and analytics interfaces.ResultsSemEHR has been deployed at a number of UK hospitals, including the Clinical Record Interactive Search, an anonymized replica of the EHR of the UK South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, one of Europe’s largest providers of mental health services. In 2 Clinical Record Interactive Search–based studies, SemEHR achieved 93% (hepatitis C) and 99% (HIV) F-measure results in identifying true positive patients. At King’s College Hospital in London, as part of the CogStack program (github.com/cogstack), SemEHR is being used to recruit patients into the UK Department of Health 100 000 Genomes Project (genomicsengland.co.uk). The validation study suggests that the tool can validate previously recruited cases and is very fast at searching phenotypes; time for recruitment criteria checking was reduced from days to minutes. Validated on open intensive care EHR data, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III, the vital signs extracted by SemEHR can achieve around 97% accuracy.ConclusionResults from the multiple case studies demonstrate SemEHR’s efficiency: weeks or months of work can be done within hours or minutes in some cases. SemEHR provides a more comprehensive view of patients, bringing in more and unexpected insight compared to study-oriented bespoke IE systems. SemEHR is open source, available at https://github.com/CogStack/SemEHR.
Revisiting Stephan's Quintet with deep optical images
Authors: Duc Pierre-Alain , Cuillandre Jean-Charles , Renaud Florent 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Stephan's Quintet, a compact group of galaxies, is often used as a laboratory to study a number of phenomena, including physical processes in the interstellar medium, star formation, galaxy evolution, and the formation of fossil groups. As such, it has been subject to intensive multiwavelength observation campaigns. Yet, models lack constrains to pin down the role of each galaxy in the assembly of the group. We revisit here this system with multiband deep optical images obtained with MegaCam on the Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), focusing on the detection of low surface brightness (LSB) structures. They reveal a number of extended LSB features, some new, and some already visible in published images but not discussed before. An extended diffuse, reddish, lopsided, halo is detected towards the early-type galaxy NGC 7317, the role of which had so far been ignored in models. The presence of this halo made of old stars may indicate that the group formed earlier than previously thought. Finally, a number of additional diffuse filaments are visible, some close to the foreground galaxy NGC 7331 located in the same field. Their structure and association with mid-infrared emission suggest contamination by emission from Galactic cirrus.
A Case Study of the NCRP 156 Wound Model of Embedded DU Using Data From Urine Uranium Concentrations of Wounded Veterans
Authors: Walkingstick Michael T. , Krage Eric S. , Brey Richard R. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Depleted uranium (DU) munitions were initially used by the United States (U.S.) military during the first Persian Gulf War in 1991 in order to penetrate heavily armored vehicles. However, as a result of friendly fire, several U.S. military personnel received intakes from DU munitions. One of the ongoing concerns for these wounded veterans is the potential long-term exposure received from DU embedded fragments. The United States Army Institute of Public Health (AIPH) is the first laboratory that analyzes the urine bioassays from Army Soldiers that are injured with DU fragments. The United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine also evaluates bioassays from DU injuries. The urine bioassay data collected by AIPH was evaluated using the NCRP 156 wound model coefficients for the DU-Wafer, Fragment, and Particle models. The maximum likelihood method was used in the Integrated Modules for Bioassay Analysis (IMBA-PPAE) to calculate the estimates of intake and tissue doses. Evaluating the three models for wound retention, the DU-Wafer and Fragment model yielded a credible fit to the bioassay data. Comparing the two models, the DU-Wafer model fits the data better than the Fragment model when comparing their autocorrelation coefficient and chi-squared values of (P 1.73 × 10−1, c2 4.83 × 10−1), (P 2.01 × 10−2, c2 1.09), respectively. This evaluation supports the validity of both the DU-wafer model as well as the default fragmentation model proposed by NCRP 156.
MoB (Measurement of Biodiversity): a method to separate the scale-dependent effects of species abundance distribution, density, and aggregation on diversity change
Authors: McGlinn Daniel J. , Xiao Xiao , May Felix , Gotelli Nicholas J. , Engel Thore , Blowes Shane A. , Knight Tiffany M. , Purschke Oliver , Chase Jonathan M. , McGill Brian J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLittle consensus has emerged regarding how proximate and ultimate drivers such as productivity, disturbance, and temperature may affect species richness and other aspects of biodiversity. Part of the confusion is that most studies examine species richness at a single spatial scale and ignore how the underlying components of species richness can vary with spatial scale.We provide an approach for the measurement of biodiversity (MoB) that decomposes changes in species rarefaction curves into proximate components attributed to: 1) the species abundance distribution, 2) density of individuals, and 3) the spatial arrangement of individuals. We decompose species richness by comparing spatial and nonspatial sample- and individual-based species rarefaction curves that differentially capture the influence of these components to estimate the relative importance of each in driving patterns of species richness change.We tested the validity of our method on simulated data, and we demonstrate it on empirical data on plant species richness in invaded and uninvaded woodlands. We integrated these methods into a new R package (mobr).The metrics that mobr provides will allow ecologists to move beyond comparisons of species richness in response to ecological drivers at a single spatial scale towards a dissection of the proximate components that determine species richness across scales.
Ribosome provisioning activates a bistable switch coupled to fast exit from stationary phase
Authors: Remigi P. , Ferguson G.C. , Monte S. De , Rainey P.B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObservations of bacteria at the single-cell level have revealed many instances of phenotypic heterogeneity within otherwise clonal populations, but the selective causes, molecular bases and broader ecological relevance remain poorly understood. In an earlier experiment in which the bacteriumPseudomonas fluorescensSBW25 was propagated under a selective regime that mimicked the host immune response, a genotype evolved that stochastically switched between capsulation states. The genetic cause was a mutation incarBthat decreased the pyrimidine pool (and growth rate), lowering the activation threshold of a pre-existing but hitherto unrecognised phenotypic switch. Genetic components surrounding bifurcation of UTP flux towards DNA/RNA or UDP-glucose (a precursor of colanic acid forming the capsules) were implicated as key components. Extending these molecular analyses – and based on a combination of genetics, transcriptomics, biochemistry and mathematical modelling – we show that pyrimidine limitation triggers an increase in ribosome biosynthesis and that switching is caused by competition between ribosomes and CsrA/RsmA proteins for the mRNA transcript of a feed-forward regulator of colanic acid biosynthesis. We additionally show that in the ancestral bacterium the switch is part of a programme that determines stochastic entry into the semi-quiescent capsulated state, ensures that such cells are provisioned with excess ribosomes, and enables provisioned cells to exit rapidly from stationary phase under permissive conditions.
Open source tools and standardized data in cancer systems biology
Authors: Macklin Paul , Friedman Samuel H. ,   MultiCellDS Project
Published: January 2018

AbstractTo reach the full potential of multicellular systems biology, mathematical and computational modelers must pool their efforts to share and curate biophysical measurements, create and combine mathematical models, analyze and visualize model predictions, and validate and refine against shared data. An ecosystem of open source software that reads standardized data is essential. We review the state-of-the-art in open source software and data standards in multicellular systems biology, and point out areas of needed growth to move beyond isolated models to community-driven frameworks that shed light on complex problems in multicellular systems biology.
A novel long noncoding RNA LINC00844 regulates prostate cancer cell migration and invasion through androgen receptor signaling
Authors: Lingadahalli Shreyas , Jadhao Sudhir , Sung Ying Ying , Chen Mi , Hu Lingling , Chen Xin , Cheung Edwin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe majority of the human genome is transcribed, yielding a rich repository of non-coding transcripts that are involved in a myriad of biological processes including cancer. However, how non-coding transcripts such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function in prostate cancer is still unclear. In this study, we have identified a novel set of clinically relevant androgen-regulated lncRNAs in prostate cancer. Among this group, we showed LINC00844 is a direct androgen-regulated target that is actively transcribed in androgen receptor (AR)-dependent prostate cancer cells. The expression of LINC00844 is higher in normal prostate compared to malignant and metastatic prostate cancer samples and patients with low expression demonstrate poor prognosis and significantly increased biochemical recurrence, suggesting LINC00844 may function in suppressing tumor progression and metastasis. Indeed,in-vitroloss-of-function studies revealed that LINC00844 prevents prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. Moreover, findings from gene expression analysis indicated that LINC00844 functions intrans, affecting global androgen-regulated gene transcription. Mechanistically, we provide evidence to show LINC00844 is important in facilitating AR binding to the chromatin. Finally, we demonstrated LINC00844 mediates its phenotypic effects in part by activating the expression of NDRG1, a crucial cancer metastasis suppressor. Collectively, our findings suggest LINC00844 is a novel coregulator of AR that plays a central role in the androgen transcriptional network and the development and progression of prostate cancer.
Sequential schooling or lifelong learning? International frameworks through the lens of English higher professional and vocational education
Authors: Lester Stan 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review three international frameworks, including the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), in relation to one country’s higher professional and vocational education system.

Design/methodology/approach
The frameworks were examined in the context of English higher work-related education, and areas of mismatch identified. These were investigated to identify the extent to which they were due to weaknesses in the national system or to limiting assumptions contained in the frameworks.

Findings
Assumptions based on stages of education are problematic in the context of lifelong higher and professional education, while more open, lifelong-learning oriented assumptions can be too skeletal to aid comparisons between systems of initial vocational education and training. Particular problems are identified with assumptions contained in the ISCED that do not reflect the reality of professional education.

Practical implications
International frameworks need to take account of patterns of learning that take place outside of formal institutions and throughout life, but which lead to equivalent outcomes. Nevertheless, it is not adequate to substitute assumptions based only on the level of achievement.

Social implications
The assumptions underpinning the ISCED in particular mean that equivalent achievements in different systems can be classified differently, leading to under-reporting of individual achievements, a lack of comparability in international statistics, and potential for policy distortion.

Originality/value
The paper builds on the work of Hippach-Schneider et al. by providing additional evidence, from a different national context, for issues relating to the ISCED in the context of higher professional and vocational education, and extends this analysis to the two major European frameworks.
Threshold concepts in entrepreneurship – the entrepreneurs’ perspective
Authors: Hatt Lucy 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present research into the entrepreneurs’ perspective of concepts critical to thinking as an entrepreneur, in order to inform enterprise and entrepreneurship course design in higher education.

Design/methodology/approach
Taking a social constructivist approach, using a Delphi-style method, semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs were conducted, transcribed, thematically coded and analysed, and a list of candidate threshold concepts was drawn up. Two rounds of Delphi were conducted with the entrepreneur panel and consensus was reached on a final collection of threshold concepts in entrepreneurship.

Findings
The threshold concepts identified are “I can create value” (or self-efficacy), “I see opportunities” (or opportunity), “I can manage risk” (or risk), “I know what’s important” (or focus) and “I take action” (or impact).

Research limitations/implications
Entrepreneurship is generally regarded as an important factor in economic growth, and higher education is an appropriate place for the development of entrepreneurship. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding how best to educate students for entrepreneurship in higher education or indeed what educating students for entrepreneurship really means. Identifying threshold concepts in entrepreneurship using the lived experience of entrepreneurs is likely to open up new and more effective approaches to teaching this multidisciplinary subject area.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the call for more research-grounded discussion on the quality of entrepreneurship education initiatives, particularly in relation to what makes pedagogical innovations effective by suggesting five entrepreneurship threshold concepts. These entrepreneurship threshold concepts can be used to set out a structure for the design and (re)development of enterprise and entrepreneurship curricula, as well as enabling more constructively aligned assessments.
Rack level transient CFD modeling of data center
Authors: Fulpagare Yogesh , Joshi Yogendra , Bhargav Atul 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The paper aims to capture the rack-level thermal dynamics in data center. It proposes the rack-level response experiments as well as transient Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis to characterize the local thermal environment of the system.

Design/methodology/approach
A single sever simulator rack and its two neighboring racks with its cold and hot aisle containment have been modeled with known cold air supply temperature and flow rate for transient CFD analysis. The heat load was kept constant initially and varied case-to-case basis, which includes capturing the rack-level response with respect to changes in input. However, the response experiments on simulator rack were performed for 14 h by variation of server heat loads as step and ramp input.

Findings
The paper provides the detailed transient CFD analysis of data center racks. The local cold air flow rates and temperature at the vicinity of the racks showed significant effect due to changes in input. It was concluded that the rack-level dynamics impacts the thermal environment of data center and hence cannot be ignored.

Research limitations/implications
The high computing devices and faster internet demands have led to major thermal management concerns for data center operators. To tackle this issue, capturing the system thermal dynamics is imperative. However, the system-level CFD analysis is computationally expensive. Therefore, this paper deals with the rack-level transient CFD study using commercial tool STAR CCM+.

Practical implications
This paper includes the modeling of the servers as a porous media as well as the multigrid method to enhance the computational speed. The successful implementation of this approach validated through experiments. This would help to establish a base for research in any type of data center.

Originality/value
This paper provides the porous media approach to model servers and multigrid method to enhance the computational speed. At the same time, the thought of characterizing the local dynamics at the vicinity of data center racks is unique.