bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subsequent primary malignancies after diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in the modern treatment era
Authors: Tao Li , Clarke Christina A. , Rosenberg Aaron S. , Advani Ranjana H. , Jonas Brian A. , Flowers Christopher R. , Keegan Theresa H. M. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryWith the addition of rituximab and other treatment advances, survival after diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has improved, but subsequent primary malignancies (SPMs) have emerged as an important challenge for DLBCL survivorship. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for SPMs among 23 879 patients who survived at least 1 year after a first primary DLBCL diagnosed during 1989–2012, compared to the general population in California. Cumulative incidence (CMI) of SPMs, accounting for the competing risk of death, also was calculated. We found that the incidence of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) nearly doubled in the post‐rituximab era [SIR (95% CI) 4·39 (2·51–7·13) pre‐ (1989–2000) and 8·70 (6·62–11·22) post‐rituximab (2001–2012)]. Subsequent thyroid cancer was rare pre‐rituximab, but increased substantially after 2001 [0·66 (0·08–2·37) vs. 2·27(1·44–3·41)]. The 5‐year CMI for all SPMs (4·77% pre‐ vs. 5·41% post‐rituximab, P = 0·047), AML (0·15% vs. 0·41%, P = 0·003), thyroid cancer (0·03% vs. 0·15%, P = 0·003) and melanoma (0·25% vs. 0·42%, P = 0·020) were greater in DLBCL patients diagnosed in the post‐ versus pre‐rituximab period. This study provides insight into the changing pattern of SPM occurrence after the introduction of rituximab, which may elucidate the aetiology of SPMs and should guide future cancer surveillance efforts among DLBCL patients.
A qualitative study of younger men's experience of heart attack (myocardial infarction)
Authors: Merritt Christopher J. , de Zoysa Nicole , Hutton Jane M. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesThe effects of heart attack, or myocardial infarction (MI), across psychosocial domains may be particularly acute in younger adults, for whom serious health events are non‐normative. MI morbidity is declining in Western countries, but in England MI numbers have plateaued for the under‐45 cohort, where approximately 90% of patients are male. Qualitative research on younger adults’ experience of MI is limited, and no study has sampled exclusively under‐45s. This study aimed to understand how a sample of men under 45 adjusted to and made sense of MI.DesignQualitative research design based on semi‐structured in‐depth interviews.MethodsTen men aged under 45 who had experienced MI in the past 3–6 months were purposively recruited and interviewed. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsSeven superordinate themes were identified. This article focuses in depth on the three most original themes: (1) ‘I'm less of a man’, which described experiences of losing ‘maleness’ (strength, independence, ability to provide) post‐MI; (2) ‘Shortened horizons’, which covered participants’ sense of foreshortened future and consequent reprioritization; and (3) ‘Life loses its colour’, describing the loss of pleasure from lifestyle‐related changes.ConclusionThemes broadly overlapped with the qualitative literature on younger adult MI. However, some themes (e.g., loss of ‘maleness’ post‐MI, and ambivalence towards MI risk factors) appeared unique to this study. Themes were also discussed in relation to risk factors for anxiety and depression and how this might inform clinical care for a younger, male population.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Myocardial infarction (MI) morbidity is not declining in England for under‐45s.

Adjustment to MI is particularly challenging for younger adults, perhaps because it is non‐normative.

However, little is known about the experience of MI in younger adults.

What does this study add?

This is the first qualitative study to sample MI patients exclusively under 45, thereby mapping to epidemiological trends.

Further support is provided for some themes identified in the existing young adult MI literature.

New themes are identified here which can provide insights relevant to clinical care in this population.
CT <DT>: Extending the application of the consolidation methodology even further
Authors: Ibarguren Igor , Pérez Jesús M. , Muguerza Javier , Gurrutxaga Ibai 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe consolidation process, originally applied to the C4.5 tree induction algorithm, improved its discriminating capacity and stability. Consolidation creates multiple samples and builds a simple (nonmultiple) classifier by applying the ensemble process during the model construction phase. The work presented in this paper aims to show the consolidation process can improve algorithms other than C4.5 by applying the consolidation process to three tree induction algorithms: a variant of the chi‐squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID*), C4.4, and CHAIC (also a contribution of this paper). The consolidation of CHAID* and CHAIC, required solving the handicap of consolidating the value groupings proposed by each CHAID* or CHAIC tree for discrete attributes. The experimentation is divided in 3 classification contexts for 96 datasets. Results show that consolidated algorithms perform robustly, ranking competitively in all contexts, never falling into lower positions unlike most of the other rule‐induction algorithms considered in the study. When performing a global comparison consolidated algorithms rank in top positions.
On the global limits of bioenergy and land use for climate change mitigation
Authors: Strapasson Alexandre , Woods Jeremy , Chum Helena , Kalas Nicole , Shah Nilay , Rosillo‐Calle Frank 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAcross energy, agricultural and forestry landscapes, the production of biomass for energy has emerged as a controversial driver of land‐use change. We present a novel, simple methodology, to probe the potential global sustainability limits of bioenergy over time for energy provision and climate change mitigation using a complex‐systems approach for assessing land‐use dynamics. Primary biomass that could provide between 70 EJ year−1 and 360 EJ year−1, globally, by 2050 was simulated in the context of different land‐use futures, food diet patterns and climate change mitigation efforts. Our simulations also show ranges of potential greenhouse gas emissions for agriculture, forestry and other land uses by 2050, including not only above‐ground biomass‐related emissions, but also from changes in soil carbon, from as high as 24 GtCO2eq year−1 to as low as minus 21 GtCO2eq year−1, which would represent a significant source of negative emissions. Based on the modelling simulations, the discussions offer novel insights about bioenergy as part of a broader integrated system. Whilst there are sustainability limits to the scale of bioenergy provision, they are dynamic over time, being responsive to land management options deployed worldwide.
In vitro physical mutagenesis of giant reed (Arundo donax L.)
Authors: Valli Fabio , Trebbi Daniele , Zegada‐Lizarazu Walter , Monti Andrea , Tuberosa Roberto , Salvi Silvio 
Published: May 2017

AbstractGiant reed (Arundo donax L.) is a C3 perennial, warm‐season, rhizomatous grass of emerging interest for bioenergy and biomass derivatives production, and for phytoremediation. It only propagates vegetatively and very little genetic variation is found among ecotypes, basically precluding breeding efforts. With the objective to increase the genetic variation in this species, we developed and applied a mutagenesis protocol based on γ‐irradiation of in vitro cell cultures from which regenerants were obtained. Based on a radiosensitivity test, the irradiation dose reducing to 50% the number of regenerants per callus (RD50) was estimated at 35 Gy. A large mutagenic experiment was carried out by irradiating a total of 3120 calli with approx. 1×, 1.5× and 2× RD50. A total of 1004 regenerants from irradiated calli were hardened in pots and transplanted to the field. Initial phenotypic characterization of the collection showed correlated responses of biomass‐related quantitative traits to irradiation doses. Approx. 10% of field‐grown clones showed remarkable morphological aberrations including dwarfism, altered tillering, abnormal inflorescence, leaf variegation and others, which were tested for stability over generations. Clone lethality reached 0.4%. Our results show for the first time that physical mutagenesis can efficiently induce new genetic and phenotypic variation of agronomic and prospective industrial value in giant reed. The methodology and the plant materials described here may contribute to the domestication and the genetic improvement of this important biomass species.
The Refined Best Reply Correspondence and Backward Induction
Authors: Balkenborg Dieter , Kuzmics Christoph , Hofbauer Josef 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFixed points of the (most) refined best reply correspondence, introduced in Balkenborg et al. (2013), in the agent normal form of extensive form games with perfect recall have a remarkable property. They induce fixed points of the same correspondence in the agent normal form of every subgame. Furthermore, in a well-defined sense, fixed points of this correspondence refine even trembling hand perfect equilibria, while, on the other hand, reasonable equilibria that are not weak perfect Bayesian equilibria are fixed points of this correspondence.
Evening versus morning dosing regimen drug therapy for chronic kidney disease patients with hypertension in blood pressure patterns: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Caixia , Ye Yuqiu , Liu Chunyong , Zhou Yongming , Lv Linsheng , Cheng Cailian , Li Shaomin , Lou Tanqi , Liu Xun 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundEvening dosing regimen drug therapy on blood pressure (BP) control is used widely, but its clinical benefits and preservation or re‐establishment of the normal 24‐h BP dipping pattern in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is not known.AimsTo investigate the effect of an evening dosing regimen of antihypertensive drugs on BP patterns of CKD patients with hypertension.MethodsA systematic review was conducted by searching PUBMED, EMBASE, ASN‐ONLINE, the Cochrane Library and the reference lists of relevant articles of published papers. All trials designed to evaluate the effects of evening versus morning dosing regimen drug therapy for CKD patients with hypertension were included. Meta‐analysis was performed using random or fixed effects models.ResultsFive randomised controlled trials and one comparative study, including 3732 patients, met the inclusion criteria. Compared with morning dosing regimen drug therapy, evening administration of antihypertensive medication was associated with a significant reduction of 40% in non‐dipper BP patterns (risk ratio (RR), 95% CI, (0.43, 0.84)). We noted a significant decrease in nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD −3.17 mmHg, 95% CI (−5.41, −0.94)), a significant reduction in nocturnal diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (MD −1.37 mmHg, 95% CI (−2.05, −0.69)) and a significant increase in awake SBP (MD 1.15 mmHg, 95% CI (0.10, 2.19)) in patients assigned to the evening dosing regimen drug therapy group. Patients showed no significant differences for all‐cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.ConclusionThis review shows that evening dosing regimen drug therapy could reverse non‐dipper BP patterns in hypertensive CKD patients.
Research Review: What do we know about psychopathic traits in children?
Authors: Salekin Randall T. 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundResearch on the topic of child psychopathy has advanced over the past decade increasing what we know.MethodThis qualitative review examines the research base for child psychopathy and emphasizes its three dimensions: grandiose‐manipulative, callous‐unemotional, and daring‐impulsive. Literature is reviewed addressing the cognitive, emotional, motivational, personality, parenting, and biological correlates.ResultsSupport has emerged for the phenotypic construct of child psychopathy, while questions remain regarding definitional issues and key external correlates (e.g., reward and punishment processing, parenting, molecular genetics, brain imaging).ConclusionsWhile the construct appears to be valid, future work should broaden its focus from callous unemotional traits to all three dimensions of the construct, enhance measurement precision, and examine dimension interactions. Such research could have important implications for CD specification for future versions of the DSM and ICD and speed etiological knowledge and clinical care for youth with conduct problems.
Fish Parasite Dinoflagellates Haidadinium ichthyophilum and Piscinoodinium Share a Recent Common Ancestor
Authors: Hehenberger Elisabeth , James Erick R. , del Campo Javier , Buckland‐Nicks John A. , Reimchen Thomas E. , Keeling Patrick J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe dinoflagellate Haidadinium ichthyophilum Buckland‐Nicks, Reimchen and Garbary 1997 is an ectoparasite of the spine‐deficient, three‐spine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Reimchen 1984, a fish endemic to Rouge Lake, Haida Gwaii. Haidadinium ichthyophilum proved difficult to assign taxonomically because its morphology and complex life cycle exhibited defining characteristics of both autotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates, and was tentatively assigned to the Phytodiniales. Here, we characterized a 492 bp fragment of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) from preserved H. ichthyophilum cysts. In SSU phylogeny, H. ichthyophilum branches with the fish parasites, Piscinoodinium sp., strongly supporting the inclusion of H. ichthyophilum within the Suessiales.
Sensitivity and Specificity of PlasmaALT,ALP, and Bile Acids for Hepatitis in Labrador Retrievers
Authors: Dirksen K. , Burgener I.A. , Rothuizen J. , van den Ingh T.S.G.A.M , Penning L.C. , Spee B. , Fieten H. 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundBiochemical indicators for diagnosing liver disease are plasma alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and bile acid concentration (BA).ObjectivesTo determine the sensitivity and specificity ofALT,ALP, andBAfor detecting primary hepatitis (PH) in clinically healthy Labrador retrievers and investigate whetherALTandALPcan discriminate between dogs withPHand nonspecific reactive hepatitis (RH).Animals191 clinically healthy and 51 clinically ill Labrador retrievers with hepatic histopathology.MethodsRetrospective study. Medical records were reviewed forALT,ALP, preprandialBA, liver histopathology, and hepatic copper concentrations.ResultsIn 64% (122/191) of the clinically healthy Labrador retrievers, hepatic histology revealed inflammatory infiltrates. This frequency might be biased because part of them was included as first‐line relatives of dogs with copper‐associated hepatitis. Sensitivity ofALT,ALP, andBAin this population for detecting acute hepatitis was 45, 15, and 15%, respectively. For chronic hepatitis, sensitivity was 71, 35, and 13%, respectively. Specificity ofALT,ALP, andBAwas >90% forAH,CH, andRH. When increased liver enzymes were present, medianALTwas significantly higher inPHcases (312 U/L, range 38–1,369) compared toRHcases (91 U/L, range 39–139) (P< .001). There was no difference inALPbetween dogs with aPHand aRH(P= .361).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceHistopathologic abnormalities in the liver were present in the majority of apparent clinically healthy Labrador retrievers. The sensitivity ofALT,ALP, andBAfor detecting acute and chronic hepatitis in this population was low. More sensitive biomarkers are needed for early detection of liver disease in apparent clinically healthy dogs.
Serum biomarkers can predict a change in liver fibrosis 1 year after lifestyle intervention for biopsy‐proven NASH
Authors: Vilar‐Gomez Eduardo , Calzadilla‐Bertot Luis , Friedman Scott L. , Gra‐Oramas Bienvenido , Gonzalez‐Fabian Licet , Lazo‐del Vallin Sacha , Diago Moises , Adams Leon A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsThe dynamic response of serum fibrosis biomarkers to histological changes within the liver following lifestyle intervention (LI) is unknown. We explored relationships between changes in serum biomarkers and liver fibrosis in NASH patients undergoing LI.MethodsPaired liver biopsies were performed in 261 NASH patients to assess fibrosis change after 1 year of LI. We explored the utility of serum fibrosis markers to predict changes in hepatic fibrosis and developed and internally validated a model for predicting fibrosis improvement in patients with baseline fibrosis.ResultsRegression, stabilization and worsening of fibrosis occurred in 51 (20%), 165 (63%) and 45 (17%) patients respectively. By multivariable analysis, change in HbA1c (OR, 0.39, P<.01), platelets (OR, 1.22, P<.01) and NFS (OR, 0.27, P<.01), as well as ALT normalization (OR, 9.7, P<.01) were independently associated with fibrosis improvement, whereas change in platelets (OR, 0.96, P<.01), and NFS (OR, 1.8, P<.01) as well as ALT normalization (OR, 0.21, P<.01) were linked to fibrosis progression. A model, including change in HbA1c, platelet and ALT normalization, was significantly more accurate (AUC of 0.96, 95% CI, l0.94‐0.99) than NFS, FIB‐4 and APRI for predicting fibrosis improvement. Using a threshold of ≥0.497, positive and negative predictive values were 94% (95% CI, 84‐98) and 91% (95% CI, 81‐96) respectively.ConclusionsChange in NFS, platelets and ALT normalization are associated with change in liver fibrosis after 1 year of LI. A model including change in HbA1c, platelet and ALT normalization discriminated patients with fibrosis improvement significantly better than other biomarkers.
The Political Ecology of Dignity: Human Dignity and the Inevitable Returns of Animality
Authors: Meyer Eric Daryl 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHuman dignity names a two‐tier political ecology: one moral‐political community whose members bear a special status of inviolability, and another larger community where violence and degradation are routine. Because ecological relations are never uni‐directional, the routinized violence that “belongs” in interactions with nonhuman animals returns, normalizing violence across gendered, racialized, and politicized lines of human difference. An account of dignity that begins from creaturely vulnerability rather than anthropological exceptionalism not only better expresses key theological insights of the Christian tradition, it also resists the repressed and disavowed violence generated by prevalent accounts of dignity.
Persistent oral ulceration and enlarged necrotic lymph nodes: a clinicopathological conference
Authors: Razzak A. , Frezzini C. , Khan M. , Hollows P. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSyphilis is an infectious disease caused by the anaerobic spirochaete Treponema pallidum. Syphilis is known to present with oral manifestations, namely transient ulcers in its primary form, snail‐track ulcers in the secondary form and gumma formation in its tertiary form. The patient was presented to the oral and maxillofacial clinic with persistent oral ulceration in the left buccal mucosa, with rolled margins and rapid onset cervical lymphadenopathy therefore mimicking the appearance of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Biopsies of the oral ulceration and of the lymph nodes revealed no malignancy, but features consistent with an infectious process. This case report highlights the diagnostic challenges with the diagnosis of oral syphilis. It also discusses the laboratory tests used to finalise a diagnosis of syphilis, and aims to raise awareness of potential differential diagnosis.
Permanent nonselective His bundle pacing in an adult with L‐transposition of the great arteries and complete AV block
Authors: Kean Adam C. , Kay W. Aaron , Patel Jyoti K. , Miller John M. , Dandamudi Gopi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe report the placement of a permanent transvenous nonselective His bundle pacing lead in conjunction with a transvenous pacemaker/implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator in an adult with Levo‐Transposition of the Great Arteries (L‐TGA) and a stenotic coronary sinus (CS) ostium, which would not accommodate a transvenous left ventricular (LV) pacing lead. Nonselective His bundle pacing provided a nearly identical ventricular activation pattern in this previously unpaced patient. Many L‐TGA patients will have an eventual need for permanent pacing and, given the challenges of CS cannulation, His bundle pacing may represent a preferred modality rather than pure morphologic LV pacing or surgical systemic ventricular lead placement to achieve optimal electrical synchrony.
Comparison between local and systemic injection of adenosine for detecting dormant conduction after PV isolation
Authors: Cha Myung‐Jin , Choi Eue‐Keun , Oh Seil 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundAdenosine administration after pulmonary vein (PV) isolation is effective for identifying dormant conduction (DC). We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of local injection of adenosine into the PV with systemic intravenous injection.MethodsAfter complete PV isolation was performed, adenosine was injected directly into the PV (local method, 6–18 mg) and the femoral vein (systemic method, 12–30 mg) sequentially. We compared the incidence of DC and the hemodynamic effect of adenosine between the methods.ResultsWe analyzed 150 PVs in 40 patients who underwent atrial fibrillation ablation. A total of 16 DCs were seen in 14 patients with either the local or systemic method. Among them, two DCs were detected only by the local method (detection rate: local 10.7% vs systemic 9.3%). The effective doses of adenosine required to induce atrioventricular (AV) block or detect DC were 7.7 ± 3.1 mg (local) and 13.1 ± 3.4 mg (systemic), respectively (P < 0.001). The time interval between adenosine injection and AV block was shorter with the local than systemic method (5.8 seconds vs 11.7 seconds, P < 0.001). Six DCs (four with local and two with systemic method) were detected without manifested AV block. Additionally, there were fewer decrements in blood pressure with the local than systemic method.ConclusionLocal adenosine injection via the PV was comparable to systemic administration for detecting DC after PV isolation. Furthermore, the local method required a smaller dose of adenosine, took less time to induce AV block, and resulted in less systemic hemodynamic compromise than did the systemic method.
Successful ablation of a right atrium−axillary ventricular accessory pathway associated with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White syndrome
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Long Deyong , Dong Jianzeng , Tao Ling , Ma Changsheng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe report a case of a patient with right axillary ventricular. Similar congenital anomaly of the right atrium was reported as “right appendage diverticulum or right atrial diverticulum.” However, this independent chamber has its own annulus, synchronizes with the right ventricular, and generates large ventricular potential. Under the guidance of the CARTO mapping system (Biosense Webster, Diamond Bar, CA, USA), a right atrioventricular accessory pathway associated with type B Wolff‐Parkinson‐White syndrome was ablated successfully. This pathway was close to the annulus of the axillary ventricular. The patient remained free of arrhythmia at 1‐year follow‐up.