bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zingiber baumii Chatan & Promprom: A New Species of Zingiberaceae From Thailand
Authors: Promprom Wilawan , Munglue Phukphon , Chatan Wannachai 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTZingiber baumii Chatan & Promprom, a new species from the Zingiberaceae family, is described from Sakon Nakhon Province in northeastern Thailand. This species was identified during field expeditions conducted between 2018 and 2024 in Phu Pha Yol National Park. The morphological characteristics of Z. baumii, such as red or pinkish‐red leaf sheaths, leaf blades (1.5−) 2.0–3.0 cm wide, pink petioles, and bright yellow corolla with a red patch, distinguish it from closely related species such as Z. isanense Triboun & K. Larsen. Zingiber baumii grows in slightly shaded dry dipterocarp forests at elevations of 300–380 m. The preliminary conservation assessment indicates that this species should be classified as Endangered (EN) according to IUCN criteria due to its limited distribution and small population size. Detailed morphological comparisons with related species are provided, along with illustrations and habitat descriptions.
Delay in cardiology consultation after primary care physician referrals in heart failure: Clinical implications
Authors: Cinza‐Sanjurjo Sergio , Cordero Alberto , Mazón‐Ramos Pilar , Rey‐Aldana Daniel , Otero García Oscar , Gómez‐Otero Ines , Portela Romero Manuel , Garcia‐Vega David , González‐Juanatey José R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate the association between the elapsed time to cardiology care following a primary care physician (PCP) referral and 1 year outcomes among patients with heart failure (HF).MethodsData from electronic medical records at our institution encompassing all PCP referrals to cardiology consultation from 2010 to 2021 (N = 68 518) were analysed. Of these, 6379 patients had a prior diagnosis of HF. Using a Cox regression model for hospitalization and mortality outcomes, the association between delay time in cardiology care post‐PCP referral and 1 year outcomes was examined, adjusting for age, gender and comorbidities.ResultsA significant increase in 1 year mortality rates with delayed cardiology care was observed for each day: all‐cause (0.25%), cardiovascular (CV) (0.13%) and HF (0.11%). In multivariate analysis, continuous delay to consultation was independently associated with higher risk of all‐cause [hazard ratio (HR): 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.01–1.02); P < 0.01], CV [1.01 (1.00–1.02); P < 0.01] and HF mortality (HR: 1.01; 95% CI 1.00–1.03; P < 0.01). Patients attended in the 25th quartile of time delay (<2 days) had significantly lower mortality and HF readmission rates [1.21 (1.10–1.33); P < 0.01] as compared with patients in the 75th quartile (>14 days).ConclusionsDelay in cardiology assistance following a PCP referral among patients previously diagnosed with HF was associated with increased in all‐cause, CV, and HF mortality at 1 year.
Ternary Ni−Sb−Te Nanoparticles by Co‐Reduction in a One‐Pot Microwave‐Assisted Polyol Process
Authors: Wang Yiran , Carrillo‐Aravena Eduardo , Roslova Maria , Doert Thomas , Ruck Michael 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUtilizing the polyol process to produce ternary or multinary phases is a challenge due to the different redox potentials of the components. We succeeded in synthesizing compounds in the composition range Ni4−δ(SbxTe1−x)6 (−0.20≤δ≤0.36, 0.13≤x≤0.3) by heating a basic ethylene glycol solution containing nickel(II) acetate, antimony(III) acetate, and ammonium tellurate(VI) in a microwave at 280 °C for 25 min without adding auxiliary reducing agents. The products consist of thin nano‐platelets, which can be transformed into larger crystals by annealing. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction revealed a new structure type for the composition Ni4−δ(Sb0.25Te0.75)6 (x=0.25) in the space group P
m1 with a=3.897(1) Å and c=15.701(1) Å. The triple superstructure of the NiAs type is due to a complex concentration profile of the Ni atoms in the octahedral voids. The trigonal TlCdS2 type is found for lower Sb contents (0≤x≤0.20), while for higher Sb contents (x≥0.28) the hexagonal Ni2SbTe2 type is adopted, which both are ordering variants of the NiAs type. Ni4−δ(Sb0.25Te0.75)6 is paramagnetic and exhibits poor metallic conductivity in the temperature range 6 K≤T≤300 K.
The Elite Global Citizen: How Wealth Shapes Cosmopolitan Identity and Charitable Intentions
Authors: Manokara Kunalan , Hornsey Matthew J. , Jetten Jolanda 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn four studies, we provide the first empirical examination of how wealth relates to cosmopolitan identity and its consequences for charitable intentions. Study 1 demonstrated that wealth positively predicted cosmopolitan identity in a 60‐nation dataset (n = 90,350). Study 2 replicated this finding with multi‐item measures in the United States, India and Australia (total n = 861); self‐esteem and self‐efficacy accounted for this association. Study 3 demonstrated the mediating role of cosmopolitan identity in explaining the link between wealth and charitable intentions (n = 351). Study 4 provided causal evidence for these relationships by experimentally manipulating wealth perceptions in the United States and India (total n = 537). People who were made to feel wealthy (as opposed to poor) reported greater self‐esteem and self‐efficacy, which flowed through to heightened cosmopolitan identification, and finally to increased charitable intentions. Together, these studies suggest that structural economic realities may impose psychological barriers to cultivating global citizenship, hence implicating prosocial downstream consequences.
Degradation autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic acid mechanism
Authors: Habri Hamzah Hafizuddin , Shahrizan Ahmad Shauqi Abrar , Azmi Intan Suhada , Hambali Norhafini , Shamjuddin Amnani , Salaeh Subhan , Jalil Mohd Jumain 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOwing to the increasing demands for eco‐friendly epoxides derived from vegetable oils, much effort has been made regarding the epoxidation of oleic acid in recent years. However, to date, there is a paucity of studies on the autocatalytic epoxidation specifically epoxidized oleic acid as it is not fully utilized. The autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid was carried out by using in situ generated performic acid to produce epoxidized oleic acid. Performic acid was formed by mixing formic acid (as oxygen carrier) and hydrogen peroxide (as oxygen donor). A maximum relative conversion to oxirane (RCO) achieved was 87% at optimal formic acid molar ratio to oleic acid under following conditions: (1) reaction temperature: 75°C, (2) stirring speed: 300 rpm, (3) formic acid/oleic acid molar ratio: 2.5, and (4) hydrogen peroxide/oleic acid molar ratio: 1.0. The degradation of epoxidized oleic acid after oxirane ring opening invites hydroxylation reaction take place called alcoholysis and hydrolysis. The hydroxyl value from alcoholysis was 346.9 mg KOH/g while the hydroxyl value of hydrolysis was 296.4 mg KOH/g using autocatalyzed reaction. In conclusion, high and low hydroxyl value has their own benefits as intermediate product for polymer application such as flexible polyurethane and rigid polyurethane.
Experimental analysis of an agricultural diesel engine powered with biogas as green fuel from waste canteen food
Authors: Tudu Kapura , Barik Debabrata , Chandran Sreejesh S. R. , Paramasivam Prabhu , Chohan Jasgurpreet Singh 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis proposed study aims to characterize and utilize the biogas (BG) derived from the anaerobic co‐digestion of university hostel food waste and Vinasse (waste from the sugarcane industry) in a digester and to run an agricultural diesel engine with BG and Jatropha Curcas methyl ester (JCMS) on a dual fuel (DF) mode. In DF mode, BG from food waste was the main fuel, and JCMS100 was the pilot (secondary) fuel. The engine was run at different BG flow rates as 4, 8, and 12 liters per minute (LPM) with JCMS100 as injected fuel. As per the author's earlier experimental findings, the fuel injection pressure for the JCMS100 was elevated to 240 bar from the base range of 200 bar to enhance the engine performance. The experimental findings for the JCMS, and BG operation were compared with diesel in all aspects. It was revealed that the NOx emission of JCMS100 + 12 LPM of BG was about 7.5% lower than the D100 fuel at full load. Increasing BG intake up to 8 LPM, the BTE increased, however, afterward it started to decline. In a similar consequence, the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) declined up to 8 LPM of BG, however, when the engine was fed with 12 LPM of BG the BSFC started to elevate. The carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon also elevated with higher induction of BG. However, interestingly a NOx‐smoke compromised tradeoff was observed for JCME‐BG operation.
Research on mechanism and practice of expansion‐induced fracturing and pressure relief in deep coal mines
Authors: Gu Shitan , Liu Zhiyao , Li Wenshuai , Jiang Bangyou , Chen Changpeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA nonexplosive expansion method is proposed to apply in the field of rock burst prevention and control in coal mine. The principle of the expansive agent reaction was analysed and specimens with one hole and two holes were tested with and without axial stress or an expansive agent. The results showed that the reaction products of the expansive agent exhibited excellent fluidity and did not induce secondary stress concentration within the specimens. The specimens with two holes exhibited more severe and intricate fractures upon introduction of the expansive agent, and the formation of crisscross networks of cracks occurred in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Stress concentration became more pronounced as the distance between the two holes decreased, making the specimen more vulnerable to cracking. A field test was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of pressure relief through expansion‐induced fracturing in the roadway of 1318 working face. The results from the field test demonstrated that the quantity of coal powder in the deep area significantly decreased after expansion‐induced fracturing and fell well below the early warning index of the drilling cutting method.
Influence of particle lithology, size and angularity on rates and products of bedload wear: An experimental study
Authors: Bray Erin N. , Litwin‐Miller Kimberly , Cardona Matthew , Pettyjohn Sarah , Sklar Leonard S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhysical wear during bedload transport influences downstream changes in the size distributions and shapes of riverbed sediment, which in turn affect myriad fluvial processes ranging from incision into bedrock to provision of aquatic habitat. Here we use laboratory tumbling experiments to address several remaining knowledge gaps, including the roles of lithologic susceptibility to fragmentation, particle size distributions and particle angularity in controlling wear rates and the size distribution of wear products. To focus on the dynamics of particle wear in headwater channels, we used initially angular sediment and ran the experiments until 10% of the initial bedload particle mass had been lost to fine‐grained wear products. We measured individual particle mass and diameter by hand and used photo analysis to quantify particle shape and angularity. We find strikingly different wear patterns between limestone and welded tuff. Although wear rates in the tuff were an order of magnitude slower than the limestone, tuff wear was primarily by fragmentation while limestone wear was dominantly by attrition. Fragmentation of the tuff resulted in a widening of the bedload size distribution, a lack of consistent particle rounding and a fine‐wear product dominated by sand. In contrast, limestone particles rounded substantially and produced silt‐sized wear products. Differences in wear product size and susceptibility to fragmentation may reflect contrasts in the size distribution of mineral crystals in each lithology. Wear rates in both rock types declined substantially with increasing cumulative mass loss, due to rounding in the limestone and reduced fragmentation in the tuff. These results suggest that applications of the conventional exponential model to predict mass loss with travel distance need to account for lithologic influence on susceptibility to fragmentation and the influence of rounding on particle wear rates.
Leveraging the Kirkpatrick four‐level model to evaluate evaluation capacity building work
Authors: Rucks Lana , Wingate Lori , López Megan , Wilson Becho Lyssa , FitzGerald Mike , Lis Dean Kathleen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this article, we reflect on a decade of using the Kirkpatrick four‐level model to evaluate a multifaceted evaluation capacity building (ECB) initiative. Traditionally used to assess business training efforts, the Kirkpatrick model encourages evidence to be gathered at four levels: reaction, learning, behavior, and results. We adapted these levels to fit the context and information needs of the EvaluATE project, an ECB initiative funded by the National Science Foundation. As members of the external evaluation and project teams, throughout the article we describe how each level was modified and translated into evaluation questions. Our adapted Kirkpatrick levels are implementation and reach, satisfaction, learning, application, and impact. Using these adapted Kirkpatrick levels to ground our evaluation challenged us to integrate multiple data sources to tell a comprehensive story that served the information needs of the project team and the funder. Overall, we found the Kirkpatrick model to be practical, accessible, and flexible, allowing us to capture the multidimensional aspects of the ECB initiative. However, there are opportunities to enhance the utility of the Kirkpatrick framework by integrating other evaluation approaches, such as culturally responsive and equitable evaluation and principles‐focused evaluation.
The evolutionary origin of human kissing
Authors: Lameira Adriano R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA kiss has been a signal of special affection across continents and cultures for millennia. Between times and peoples, social norms invariably prescribe kissing to specific affiliations and contexts, implying deeper biological bases. Why the protruding of the lips and slight suction when touching another? Capuchin monkeys stick their fingers in their friends' eyes as sign of affection, why have humans developed kissing? Here I briefly review proposed hypotheses for the evolution of human kissing. Great ape social behavior suggests that kissing is likely the conserved final mouth‐contact stage of a grooming bout when the groomer sucks with protruded lips the fur or skin of the groomed to latch on debris or a parasite. The hygienic relevance of grooming decreased over human evolution due to fur‐loss, but shorter sessions would have predictably retained a final “kissing” stage, ultimately, remaining the only vestige of a once ritualistic behavior for signaling and strengthening social and kinship ties in an ancestral ape.
Structural insights and biological activities of flavonoids: Implications for novel applications
Authors: Tang Sheng , Wang Botao , Liu Xin , Xi Wenxia , Yue Yuanyuan , Tan Xiang , Bai Junying , Huang Linhua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFlavonoids are a major class of polyphenolic compounds that occur naturally in plants and are widely distributed in various dietary products. Flavonoids exhibit prominent physicochemical properties and biological activities, thereby garnering considerable attention. Notably, the physicochemical properties and functionalities of flavonoids are structurally dependent. Variations in chemical structure lead to differences in physicochemical characteristics among different flavonoid types. Structural alterations can modify these characteristics, influencing biological activities and mechanisms of action. However, these structural variations and their biological implication have not been comprehensively elucidated. In this review, we outline the structural characteristics of flavonoids, discuss biosynthesis, in vivo digestion, and absorption, and particularly emphasize the diverse biological activities and action mechanisms associated with different flavonoid structures. By summarizing the current scientific findings, we aim to elucidate the structure–activity relationships of flavonoids and provide a theoretical basis for the development of new flavonoid applications, which will help to target the design of functional molecules and moieties in the food and pharmaceutical industries for use in drug design and development.Practical Application: Understanding the structural characteristics and biological activities of flavonoids can guide the development of functional food products and dietary supplements with targeted health benefits. By leveraging the knowledge of flavonoid structure–activity relationships, food, and pharmaceutical industries can innovate formulations to enhance bioavailability and efficacy, potentially leading to the creation of tailored products for specific health conditions or dietary needs. This research lays the groundwork for the design of novel flavonoid‐based interventions aimed at promoting human health and well‐being.
Guidelines for assessing the capacity of food‐derived nutrients to alleviate intestinal inflammation
Authors: Yang Jinfan , Li Zhengqing , Shang Ning , Zhou Hui , Zhang Mingzhen , Li Guanying , Kang Huafeng , Ma Xiaobin , Wu Hao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract​Nutrients derived from food sources, such as astaxanthin, polyphenols, dietary fiber, probiotics, and short‐chain fatty acids, play a crucial role in alleviating intestinal inflammation caused by sub‐health conditions.​ These sub‐health states are closely associated with a range of diseases, including colitis, gastric ulcers, and colorectal cancer. Currently, there is a lack of comprehensive guidelines that summarize quantitative and dynamic analysis methods for assessing the impact of nutrients on gastrointestinal inflammation, which limits accurate comparison and analysis of their mechanisms of action. Therefore, we summarized guidelines for evaluating the in vivo anti‐inflammatory properties of food‐derived nutrients. These guidelines encompass the selection of experimental models, dynamic assessment tools, long‐term evaluation parameters, and exploration of inflammation‐related mechanisms by disease activity index, murine endoscopic index of colitis severity (MEICS), spleen index, changes in colon length, and histology index, assessing inflammatory progression and tissue repair capabilities. By integrating these methods, researchers can conduct in‐depth studies and systematic comparative analyses of the mechanisms by which food‐derived nutrients alleviate intestinal inflammation. This approach will enable a more comprehensive understanding of the role of nutrition in gastrointestinal health and disease prevention.
Reversible Grafting in Surface Organometallic Chemistry with a Late Transition‐Metal Amidinate Precursor
Authors: Ehinger Christian , Copéret Christophe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSupported catalysts are central to industrial catalytic processes. While traditional synthesis methods often yield poorly defined materials, thus complicating structural elucidation, Surface Organometallic Chemistry (SOMC) offers a solution, producing well‐defined structures. Recent advances in SOMC precursor development have shown that amidinate‐based complexes are a privileged class of precursors to generate supported metallic nanoparticles. In that context, this study investigates the grafting mechanism of a prototypical amidinate precursor, Ir(COD)(DIA) (1‐Ir), onto SiO2. Unique to amidinate complexes, grafting is shown to occur without ligand release, creating a reversible covalent bond. Using tris(tert‐butoxy)silanol as a molecular analogue for a silanol group on SiO2, the structure of the grafted species is elucidated by single X‐Ray diffraction, comparison of IR spectroscopy, and X‐Ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data. The reversibility of the reaction with O−H groups is demonstrated using variable‐temperature NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and is supported by DFT calculations. Notably, we show that a partial degrafting is also possible at elevated temperatures under vacuum.
Retrospective analysis of regional and metropolitan school food environments using Google Street View: A case study in New South Wales, Australia with youth consultation
Authors: Tse Kitty , Zeng Michelle X. , Gibson Alice A. , Partridge Stephanie R. , Raeside Rebecca , Valanju Radhika , McMahon Emily , Ren Bowen , Yan Fulin , Allman‐Farinelli Margaret , Jia Si Si 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIssue AddressedFood environments surrounding schools have a strong influence on the adolescent's food choices. Moreover, the prevalence of diet‐related chronic diseases is higher in regional than metropolitan areas in Australia. Understanding school food environments in these different settings is crucial for informing future strategies to improve adolescent health.MethodsGoogle Street View was used to identify food outlets within 1.6 km around all secondary schools in Wagga Wagga and Blacktown in New South Wales which were selected as regional and metropolitan case study areas. Based on food outlet type, healthfulness categories were assigned, and Chi‐squared tests were performed. The Health Advisory Panel for Youth at the University of Sydney (HAPYUS) were engaged to obtain their perspectives on findings.ResultsUnhealthful food outlets were consistently most prevalent around schools in Wagga Wagga and Blacktown over 17 years. In 2023, these were predominantly restaurants (19.4% vs. 21.1%), cafés (16.8% vs. 11.1%), fast‐food franchise outlets (15.1% vs. 17.4%) and independent takeaway stores (14.1% vs. 9.6%). No significant difference in healthfulness between regional and metropolitan areas was found. Youth advisors recognised price and social reasons as major contributors to food choices.ConclusionsGoogle Street View was used as a novel resource to examine school food environments in regional and metropolitan areas which have remained consistently unhealthful for nearly two decades.So What?Unhealthful school food environments may encourage poor diets and exacerbate rates of adolescent overweight and obesity. Critical government action is needed to improve school food environments.