bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vancomycin-Induced Neutropenia
Authors: Koo Kenneth B. , Bachand Richard L. , Chow Anthony W. 
Published: October 2017

A case of vancomycin-induced neutropenia is presented with a review of other reported cases in the literature. A 59-year-old white female was started on vancomycin therapy for a chronic infection of a total left hip replacement. After 38 days of treatment, the patient developed a severe leukopenia with a white blood cell count of 1700/mm3 and the presence of only occasional neutrophils. Upon discontinuation of vancomycin, the leukocyte and neutrophil counts promptly increased with full recovery in one week. Subsequently, the patient was restarted on a five-day course of vancomycin at a lower dose that proved uneventful with no recurrence of neutropenia. It is unclear whether the neutropenia would have recurred with a longer course of vancomycin. A review of the literature suggests that an immunologic mechanism may be responsible for the reaction. Physicians and other health professionals should be aware that neutropenia is a potential reaction of patients receiving prolonged vancomycin treatment.
Diabetic ketoacidosis in the cat: Recognition and essential treatment
Authors: Rudloff Elke 
Published: October 2017

Practical relevance: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a not uncommon emergency in both newly diagnosed and poorly regulated diabetic cats. When there is a heightened metabolic rate and energy requirement due to concurrent illness, an increase in the release of glucose counter-regulatory hormones causes insulin receptor resistance, lipolysis, free fatty acid release and ketogenesis. This necessitates not only treatment to eliminate the ketosis and control blood glucose, but also investigation of concurrent illnesses. Clinical challenges: A number of metabolic derangements can occur with DKA, requiring a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, elimination of ketones, careful correction of glucose, electrolyte and acid base abnormalities, and close monitoring. Audience: Any veterinarian that cares for cats in urgent and emergency situations should understand the pathophysiology of DKA in order to address an individual’s clinical signs and metabolic derangements. Evidence base: This review draws evidence from the peer-reviewed literature as well as the author’s personal clinical experience.
Prostate cancer diagnostics: A review of practice across the northwest of England
Authors: Broome James David , Oates Jeremy 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: The aim of this regional audit was to gain an understanding of the different approaches to prostate cancer diagnosis across the northwest of England. This often complicated area of urological practice has undergone many changes in recent years and this audit will attempt to evaluate the degree of diversity in diagnostic pathway across one region. Methods: Electronic questionnaires were distributed to consultant urologists across the northwest. Over a 2-week data collection period 48 responses were received from 19 urology units. Responses were grouped by centre to evaluate practice per urology unit. Results: Written consent was taken for transrectal ultrasound and biopsy in 54% of centres. All centres used a prophylactic antibiotic regime that included ciprofloxacin; however, the duration varied across the region. Units used a 3-day course, 1-day course and single dose at the time of biopsy in 69%, 5% and 21%, respectively. Rectal swabs to detect fluoroquinolone-resistant organisms were not used in 15 of 19 units (79%). Magnetic resonance imaging was not used before the first biopsy in 42% of units. Twenty-one per cent used this study on all men undergoing a first biopsy, while 37% of centres used a more targeted approach. All centres routinely sampled 12 cores during TRUS and biopsy. The majority (74%) sent cores for histology in two containers by side (left/right). The remaining sent two samples from each geographical area in one container. For repeat biopsy indications 42% of units reported they would proceed straight to transrectal ultrasound and biopsy. The remaining 58% utilised another modality such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging or transperineal template biopsy in the first instance. Conclusion: This audit has highlighted a wide variation in practice within one UK region. Although there have been measurable advances in prostate cancer management, more standardisation of diagnostic pathways may facilitate data collection and reduce variation in outcomes. Level of evidence: Not applicable in this multicentre audit.
Trends in Spinal Surgery for Pott’s Disease (2000-2016): An Overview and Bibliometric Study
Authors: Fisahn Christian , Alonso Fernando , Hasan Ghazwan A. , Tubbs R. Shane , Dettori Joseph R. , Schildhauer Thomas A. , Rustagi Tarush 
Published: October 2017

Study Design: Systematic review. Objectives: (1) What are the surgical indications? Have they changed over time since the year 2000? (2) What is the current surgical approaches of choice? Have they changed over time since the year 2000? Do they vary by geographical region? (3) What are the most common outcome measures following surgery? Methods: Electronic databases and reference lists of key articles were searched from database inception from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2016 to identify studies specifically evaluating surgical indications, current surgical approaches, and outcome measures for spinal tuberculosis. Results: Six randomized controlled trials were identified from our search (1 excluded: no surgical arm identified after review) Neurological deficit, instability and deformity were common indications identified. Surgical approach included predominantly anterior for cervical spine and posterior for thoracic and lumbar spine. Combined approach was preferred in pediatric cases. Degree of deformity correction, neurological outcomes, and fusion formed the main bases of assessing surgical outcomes. Conclusions: Majority of the current literature is from South Asia. The presence of neurological compromise, deformity, and instability were the primary criteria for surgical intervention. The preferred approach varied with the anatomical region of the spine in adults. Outcome measures predominantly involved deformity correction, neurological deficit, and fusion.
Demographic and Mental Health Characteristics of Individuals Who Present to Community Health Clinics With Substance Misuse
Authors: Iyiewuare Praise O. , McCullough Colleen , Ober Allison , Becker Kirsten , Osilla Karen , Watkins Katherine E. 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Community health clinics (CHCs) are an opportune setting to identify and treat substance misuse. This study assessed the characteristics of patients who presented to a CHC with substance misuse. Methods: Personnel at a large CHC administered a 5-question screener to patients between June 3, 2014, and January 15, 2016, to assess past 3-month alcohol use, prescription opioid misuse, or illicit drug use. We stratified screen-positive patients into 4 diagnostic groups: (1) probable alcohol use disorder (AUD) and no comorbid opioid use disorder (OUD); (2) probable heroin use disorder; (3) probable prescription OUD, with or without comorbid AUD; and (4) no probable substance use disorder. We describe substance use and mental health characteristics of screen-positive patients and compare the characteristics of patients in the diagnostic groups. Results: Compared to the clinic population, screen-positive patients (N = 733) included more males ( P < .0001) and had a higher prevalence of probable bipolar disorder ( P < .0001) and schizophrenia ( P < .0001). Eighty-seven percent of screen-positive patients had probable AUD or OUD; only 7% were currently receiving substance use treatment. The prescription opioid and heroin groups had higher rates of past bipolar disorder and consequences of mental health conditions than the alcohol only or no diagnosis groups ( P < .0001). Conclusions: Patients presenting to CHCs who screen positive for alcohol or opioid misuse have a high likelihood of having an AUD or OUD, with or without a comorbid serious mental illness. Community health clinics offering substance use treatment may be an important resource for addressing unmet need for substance use treatment and comorbid mental illness.
Do Compensation Consultants Enable Higher CEO Pay? A Disclosure Rule Change as a Separating Device
Authors: Chu Jenny , Faasse Jonathan , Rau P. Raghavendra 
Published: October 2017

We investigate the impact of a firm’s compensation consultant choice on executive compensation by examining shifts in consultant choice stemming from a 2009 U.S. Securities Exchange Commission requirement that firms disclose fees paid to compensation consultants for both consulting and other services. We show that the disclosure rule change acted as a separating device distinguishing firms likely to have used compensation consultants to extract rents from shareholders from firms that were likely to have used consultants to optimally set pay. We conclude that not all multiservice consultants are conflicted, while not all specialist consultants are guardians of shareholder value. Our study provides a more nuanced view of the association between compensation consultant choices and executive pay. This paper was accepted by Shiva Rajgopal, accounting.
Liquidity Risk and Mutual Fund Performance
Authors: Dong Xi , Feng Shu , Sadka Ronnie 
Published: October 2017

This paper demonstrates that the ability of fund managers to create value depends on market liquidity conditions, which in turn introduces a liquidity risk exposure (beta) for skilled managers. We document an annual liquidity beta performance spread of 4% in the cross section of mutual funds over the period 1983–2014. Liquidity risk premia explain an insubstantial fraction of this spread; instead, the spread can be attributed to the differential ability of high liquidity beta funds to outperform across high and low market liquidity states, due to a differential rate of either mispricing correction or intensity of informed trading. Tests based on mispricing, proxied by a comprehensive set of 68 anomalies, and tick-by-tick trades, from a large proprietary institutional trading data set, corroborate the contribution of these channels. The results highlight the interaction between informed investors, mispricing, and liquidity beta. The Internet appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2851 . This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
Robust Defibrillator Deployment Under Cardiac Arrest Location Uncertainty via Row-and-Column Generation
Authors: Chan Timothy C. Y. , Shen Zuo-Jun Max , Siddiq Auyon 
Published: October 2017

Sudden cardiac arrest is a significant public health concern. Successful treatment of cardiac arrest is extremely time sensitive, and use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) where possible significantly increases the probability of survival. Placement of AEDs in public locations can improve survival by enabling bystanders to treat victims of cardiac arrest prior to the arrival of emergency medical responders, thus shortening the time between collapse and treatment. However, since the exact locations of future cardiac arrests cannot be known a priori, AEDs must be placed strategically in public locations to ensure their accessibility in the event of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest emergency. In this paper, we propose a data-driven optimization model for deploying AEDs in public spaces while accounting for uncertainty in future cardiac arrest locations. Our approach involves discretizing a continuous service area into a large set of scenarios, where the probability of cardiac arrest at each location is itself uncertain. We model uncertainty in the spatial risk of cardiac arrest using a polyhedral uncertainty set that we calibrate using historical cardiac arrest data. We propose a solution technique based on row-and-column generation that exploits the structure of the uncertainty set, allowing the algorithm to scale gracefully with the total number of scenarios. Using real cardiac arrest data from the City of Toronto, we conduct an extensive numerical study on AED deployment public locations. We find that hedging against cardiac arrest location uncertainty can produce AED deployments that outperform an intuitive sample average approximation by 9%–15% and cuts the performance gap with respect to an ex post model by half. Our findings suggest that accounting for cardiac arrest location uncertainty can lead to improved accessibility of AEDs during cardiac arrest emergencies and the potential for improved survival outcomes.The electronic companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1660 .
Non-Destructive Defect Detection of Apples by Spectroscopic and Imaging Technologies: A Review
Authors: Lu Yuzhen , Lu Renfu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. Apples are susceptible to a wide range of defects that can occur in the orchard and during the post-harvest period. Detection of these defects by non-destructive sensing techniques is of great importance for the apple industry and has been an intensive research topic over the past two decades. This review presents an overview of common defects in apples, encompassing physiological disorders, mechanical damage, pathological disorders, and contamination. Presented and discussed in this review is research progress on the detection of defects in apples using various non-destructive spectroscopic and imaging techniques, including visible/near-infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging, monochromatic and color imaging, hyperspectral and multispectral imaging, x-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, thermal imaging, time-resolved and spatially resolved spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, biospeckle imaging, and structured-illumination reflectance imaging. This review concludes with remarks on the prospects of these techniques and research needs in the future. Keywords: Apples, Defects, Imaging, Non-destructive detection, Quality, Safety, Spectroscopy.
Modeling the Financial Crisis in Indonesia
Authors: Armansyah Rohmad Fuad , Effendi Moch Bisyri 
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this paper is to construct the model of the financial crisis in Indonesia through exchange market pressure index approach by using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline. This research used secondary data from the Central Bank of Indonesia from 2005 to 2014, consisting Â of 120 observations. The dependent variables is Â exchange market pressure index, and the independent variables consist of 11 macro economics variable. This research used the MARS 2.0 software, to build the model. The results shows 53.9% accuracy model of MARS and it obtains the smallest value of GCV that is 1.84, and the international interest rate of US Prime Rate is the most influential variable towards the exchange market pressure index. The results also provide additional knowledge regarding the indicators that can lead to the financial crisis based on the model established by the MARS approach. The implication is that the variable of international interest rate of US Prime Rate through the MARS approach can be an early warning system against the crisis that probably will happen, especially in Indonesia.
Analysis of intention toward halal products: an empirical study of young consumers
Authors: Harsanto Budi , Jatnika Dika 
Published: October 2017

The purpose of this paper is to determine the intention of consumer in choosing halal products, particularly for food products. The three main elements in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) consisting of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control is connected to the intention to consume halal products, particularly halal food. This study refers to the two studies both in the Malaysian context. This is a survey-based research. It used a questionnaire for collecting the data taken from Â 151 active students of Faculty of Economics and Business in Unpad who participated as the respondents in this research. The data were analysed using a descriptive statistics, correlation, chi-square. and multiple regression. The findings show that the three main elements have a significance effect on the intention. This study is unique since it was conducted in Indonesiaâ€™s context and the results is slightly different from the findings of the previous one.
Structure Refinement of Spring Steel 51Crv4 after Accelerated Spheroidisation
Authors: Hauserova D. , Dlouhy J. , Kotous J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMaterial research of the spring steels tries to meet requirements of the industry, which are mainly higher yield and tensile strength. Steel 51CrV4 is widely used for spring production. Optimization of its properties lies in tensile and yield strength enhancement without decrease in ductility in quenched and tempered state. This can be accomplished by structural refinement. One possible way to refine final quenched and tempered structure is refinement of the soft annealed structure before quenching. The article is devoted to accelerated carbide spheroidisation and refinement (ASR) and subsequent hardening of the 51CrV4 spring steel. Samples with different carbide size were prepared by conventional soft annealing in atmosphere furnace and ASR process by induction heating. Influence of the structural refinement on the properties of quenched and tempered state was studied.
Characteristics of the Nial/Ni3al Matrix Composite With Tib2 Particles Fabricated By High Pressure – High Temperature Sintering
Authors: Hyjek P. , Sulima I. , Jaworska L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe article presents the results of tests carried out on the manufactured composite materials based on a two-phase NiAl/Ni3Al matrix, which was enriched with the addition of TiB2ceramic particles added in an amount of 4 and 7 vol%. The resulting mixtures were sintered by the High Pressure High Temperature (HP-HT) process. The results were compared to the results obtained for the sole matrix material produced under the same conditions. It has been shown that, at a lower density, the addition of reinforcing particles increases the composite hardness, Young’s modulus and resistance to frictional wear. However, higher addition of TiB2(7 vol%) was observed to yield less satisfactory results, and despite higher hardness and lower density caused a decrease in other properties tested. The produced materials were characterized by a compact and highly differentiated microstructure free from any noticeable cracks and pores.
The Influence of Casting Velocity on Structure of Al Continuous Ingots
Authors: Bartocha D. , Wróbel T. , Szajnar J. , Adamczyk W. , Jamrozik W. , Dojka M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe aim of paper was determination of influence of the casting velocity in horizontal continuous casting process on solidification phenomenon and next primary structure of aluminum ingots. In the range of studies was conducted the experiment concerning continuous casting of Al ingots with diameter 30 mm at velocity from 30 to 80 mm/min. Moreover was developed adequate to the real the virtual model of cooled water continuous casting mould, which was used in simulation of solidification process of Al continuous ingot, made in ANSYS Fluent software. In result was determined the influence of casting velocity and temperature of cooling water on position of crystallization front inside the continuous casting mould. While the shape and size of grains in primary structure of Al continuous ingots were determined on the basis of metallographic macroscopic studies. On the basis of the results analysis was affirmed that increase of casting velocity strongly influences on position of crystallization front and causes increase of temperature of ingot leaving the continuous casting mould. In result the increase of casting velocity supposedly leads to decrease of temperature gradient on crystallization front what creates coarse grains in primary structure of aluminum continuous ingots and caused low usable properties i.e. suitability to plastic deformation.
Studying of Perovskite Nanoparticles in PMMA Matrix Used As Light Converter for Silicon Solar Cell
Authors: Lipiński M. , Socha R.P. , Kędra A. , Gawlińska K. , Kulesza-Matlak G. , Major Ł. , Drabczyk K. , Łaba K. , Starowicz Z. , Gwóźdź K. , Góral A. , Popko E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe nanoparticles of CH3NH3PbBr3hybrid perovskites were synthesized. These perovskite nanoparticles we embedded in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) in order to obtain the composite, which we used as light converter for silicon solar cells. It was shown that the composite emit the light with the intensity maximum at about 527 nm when exited by a short wavelength (300÷450 nm) of light. The silicon solar cells were used to examine the effect of down-conversion (DC) process by perovskite nanoparticles embedded in PMMA. For experiments, two groups of monocrystalline silicon solar cells were used. The first one included the solar cells without surface texturization and antireflection coating. The second one included the commercial cells with surface texturization and antireflection coating. In every series of the cells one part of the cells were covered by composite (CH3NH3PbBr3in PMMA) layer and second part of cells by pure PMMA for comparison. It was shown that External Quantum Efficiency EQE of the photovoltaic cells covered by composite (CH3NH3PbBr3in PMMA) layer was improved in both group of the cells but unfortunately the Internal Quantum Efficiency was reduced. This reduction was caused by high absorption of the short wavelength light and reabsorption of the luminescence light. Therefore, the CH3NH3PbBr3perovskite nanoparticles embedded in PMMA matrix were unable to increase silicon solar cell efficiency in the tested systems.
A comparison of the effects of extensive and intensive reading approaches on the vocabulary development of Korean secondary EFL learners
Authors: Park A Young , Isaacs Talia , Woodfield Helen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlthough language experts have long advocated the use of Extensive Reading (ER) to enhance vocabulary acquisition, the widespread use of the more traditional Intensive Reading (IR) approach prevails in English as Foreign Language (EFL) settings. Many experimental studies have attempted to demonstrate the benefits of using ER over IR in classroom contexts; however, none have demonstrated significant differences in learning gains. This quasi-experimental study involved the measurement of partial vocabulary knowledge of specific words encountered through reading to compare the effects of ER and conventional IR instruction on EFL learners’ vocabulary knowledge development. Two intact classes of 72 Korean secondary students (36/class) received either ER or IR instructional treatments over a 12-week timespan, with pre- and post- performance differences examined by proficiency level. ANCOVA results showed that students benefited significantly more from the ER than from the IR treatment in terms of their knowledge of the meanings and uses of target words. With regard to proficiency, advanced and intermediate level learners benefited more from ER, while low level learners benefited more from IR. These findings suggest that EFL practitioners should carefully consider their learners’ proficiency level when selecting a reading approach, in order to optimize learners’ vocabulary development.