bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptome profiling of longissimus muscle tissues from Qianhua Mutton Merino and Small Tail Han sheep
Authors: Sun Limin , Bai Man , Xiang Lujie , Zhang Guishan , Ma Wei , Jiang Huaizhi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe Qianhua Mutton Merino (QHMM) is a new sheep (Ovis aries) variety with better meat performance compared with the traditional local variety Small Tail Han (STH) sheep. We aimed to evaluate the transcriptome regulators associated with muscle growth and development between the QHMM and STH. We used RNA-Seq to obtain the transcriptome profiles of the longissimus muscle from the QHMM and STH. The results showed that 960 genes were differentially expressed (405 were up-regulated and 555 were down-regulated). Among these, 463 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were probably associated with muscle growth and development and were involved in biological processes such as skeletal muscle tissue development and muscle cell differentiation; molecular functions such as catalytic activity and oxidoreductase activity; cellular components such as mitochondrion and sarcoplasmic reticulum; and pathways such as metabolic pathways and citrate cycle. From the potential genes, a gene-act-network and co-expression-network closely related to muscle growth and development were identified and established. Finally, the expressions of nine genes were validated by real-time PCR. The results suggested that some DEGs, including MRFs, GXP1 and STAC3, play crucial roles in muscle growth and development processes. This genome-wide transcriptome analysis of QHMM and STH muscle is reported for the first time.
A Hardy Plant Facilitates Nitrogen Removal via Microbial Communities in Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands in Winter
Authors: Wang Penghe , Zhang Hui , Zuo Jie , Zhao Dehua , Zou Xiangxu , Zhu Zhengjie , Jeelani Nasreen , Leng Xin , An Shuqing 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe plants effect in subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSF-CWs) is controversial, especially at low temperatures. Consequently, several SSF-CWs planted with Iris pseudacorus (CWI) or Typha orientalis Presl. (CWT) and several unplanted ones (CWC) were set up and fed with secondary effluent of sewage treatment plant during the winter in Eastern China. The 16S rDNA Illumina Miseq sequencing analysis indicated the positive effects of I. pseudacorus on the bacterial community richness and diversity in the substrate. Moreover, the community compositions of the bacteria involved with denitrification presented a significant difference in the three systems. Additionally, higher relative abundances of nitrifying bacteria (0.4140%, 0.2402% and 0.4318% for Nitrosomonas, Nitrosospira and Nitrospira, respectively) were recorded in CWI compared with CWT (0.2074%, 0.0648% and 0.0181%, respectively) and CWC (0.3013%, 0.1107% and 0.1185%, respectively). Meanwhile, the average removal rates of NH4+-N and TN in CWI showed a prominent advantage compared to CWC, but no distinct advantage was found in CWT. The hardy plant I. pseudacorus, which still had active root oxygen release in cold temperatures, positively affected the abundance of nitrifying bacteria in the substrate, and accordingly was supposed to contribute to a comparatively high nitrogen removal efficiency of the system during the winter.
Impact of TROP2 expression on prognosis in solid tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zeng Ping , Chen Min-Bin , Zhou Li-Na , Tang Min , Liu Chao-Ying , Lu Pei-Hua 
Published: September 2016

AbstractOver-expression of TROP2 (the trophoblast cell surface antigen 2) was reported to predict poor prognosis in various solid tumors in number of studies. However, the results remained not comprehensive. Therefore, we here carried out this meta-analysis of relevant studies published on this topic to quantitatively evaluate the clinicopathological significance of TROP2 in solid tumors. Relevant articles were identified through searching the PubMed, Web of Science and Embase database. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In this meta-analysis, 16 studies involving 2,569 participants were included and we drew the conclusion that TROP2 overexpression was significantly associated with poor OS (pooled HR = 1.896, 95% CI = 1.599–2.247,P < 0.001) and short DFS (pooled HR = 2.336, 95% CI = 1.596–3.419,P < 0.001). Furthermore, the subgroup analysis revealed that the associations between TROP2 overexpression and the outcome endpoints (OS or DFS) were significant in in patients with female genital system neoplasms, as well in gastrointestine neoplasms. In addition, subgroup analysis found no difference HR across populations of different descent.Taken together, TROP2 overexpression was associated with poor survival in human solid tumors. TROP2 may be a valuable prognosis predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in human solid tumors.
Electrically controllable sudden reversals in spin and valley polarization in silicene
Authors: Zhang Qingtian , Chan K. S. , Li Jingbo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe study the spin and valley dependent transport in a silicene superlattice under the influence of a magnetic exchange field, a perpendicular electric field and a voltage potential. It is found that a gate-voltage-controllable fully spin and valley polarized current can be obtained in the proposed device and the spin and valley polarizations are sensitive oscillatory functions of the voltage potential. In properly designed superlattice structure, the spin and valley polarizations can be reversed from −100% to 100% by a slight change in the external voltage potential. The energy dispersion relations of the superlattice structure are also investigated, which helps us to understand the effects of the superlattice structure. The switching of the spin direction and the valley of the tunneling electrons by a gate voltage enables new possibilities for spin or valley control in silicene-based spintronics and valleytronics.
Induction of triglyceride accumulation and mitochondrial maintenance in muscle cells by lactate
Authors: Sun Jingquan , Ye Xin , Xie Minhao , Ye Jianping 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMuscle exercise induces intramuscular triglyceride (TG) accumulation and promotes mitochondrial maintenance in myotubes. However, the mechanism underlying exercise effects remains unknown. In this study, lactic acid was tested as a signaling molecule in C2C12 myotubes to understand the mechanism. Intracellular TG storage was induced in the cells by sodium lactate. The lactate activity was observed with an inhibition of the cAMP-PKA pathway as indicated by a reduction in the phosphorylation status of CREB (pCREB). Induction of pCREB signal by forskolin was blocked by pretreatment of cells with lactate. The impact of lactate on mitochondrial function was examined with a focus on the activities of two enzymes, MCAT (malonylCoA:ACP transferase) and PDH (pyruvate dehydrogenase). The enzyme activities were induced in the cells by lactate. Expression of the lactate receptor (GPR81) and lactate transporters (MCT1/4) were induced as well by lactate. The lactate activities were observed at concentrations between 4–64 mM, and were not dependent on the increase in intracellular pyruvate. Pyruvate treatment did not generate the same effects in the cells. Those results suggest that lactate may induce intramuscular TG storage and mitochondrial maintenance in myotubes through inhibition of the cAMP pathway by activation of GPR81 in a positive feedback manner.
Gamma-glutamyltransferase as novel biomarker in patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Schwameis Richard , Grimm Christoph , Brodowicz Thomas , Petru Edgar , Hefler-Frischmuth Katrin , Staudigl Christine , Reinthaller Alexander , Heinze Georg , Polterauer Stephan , Polterauer Mariella 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is an established marker for proliferative/apoptotic balance and has been associated with cancer risk and prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of pre-treatment GGT serum levels as prognostic biomarker in patients with primary uterine leiomyosarcoma (ULMS). Data of women with ULMS were extracted from a multi-center database. Pre-treatment GGT serum levels were measured and patients assigned to predefined GGT risk groups. GGT values were correlated with clinico-pathological parameters and univariate and multivariable survival analyses were performed. A total of 44 patients with ULMS were analyzed. Mean (SD) pre-therapeutic GGT serum level was 33.8 (39.8) U/L. In Figo Stage I versus II-IV mean (SD) GGT values were 28.8 (34.0) U/l and 43.5 (49.2) U/l, respectively (p = 0.25). Five-year overall survival (OS) rates in ULMS patients with normal low versus higher GGT levels were 70% and 37%, respectively (p = 0.043). Univariate and multivariable analyses revealed that higher GGT serum levels (p = 0.043, p = 0.005) and high histological grade (p = 0.029, p = 0.012) were independently associated with impaired OS, respectively. Higher pre-treatment GGT serum levels were independently associated with unfavorable prognosis in women with ULMS. Thus, GGT seems to be a useful novel biomarker in ULMS.
Anterior eye tissue morphology: Scleral and conjunctival thickness in children and young adults
Authors: Read Scott A. , Alonso-Caneiro David , Vincent Stephen J. , Bremner Alexander , Fothergill Annabel , Ismail Brittney , McGraw Rebecca , Quirk Charlotte J. , Wrigley Elspeth 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe sclera and conjunctiva form part of the eye’s tough, protective outer coat, and play important roles in the eye’s mechanical protection and immune defence, as well as in determining the size and shape of the eye globe. Advances in ocular imaging technology now allow these tissues in the anterior eye to be imaged non-invasively and with high resolution, however there is a paucity of data examining the dimensions of these tissues in paediatric populations. In this study, we have used optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging to examine the normal in vivo thickness profile of the anterior sclera and overlying conjunctiva in 111 healthy young participants, including a large proportion of paediatric subjects. We demonstrate that the thickness of the anterior sclera varies significantly with measurement location and meridian. Tissue thickness also varied significantly with age, with younger subjects exhibiting significantly thinner scleras and significantly greater conjunctival thickness. Males were also found to exhibit significantly greater scleral thickness. Refractive error however was not significantly associated with either scleral or conjunctival thickness in this population. These findings provide new data describing the normative dimensions of anterior eye tissues in children and the factors that can influence these dimensions in young populations.
High content reduced graphene oxide reinforced copper with a bioinspired nano-laminated structure and large recoverable deformation ability
Authors: Xiong Ding-Bang , Cao Mu , Guo Qiang , Tan Zhanqiu , Fan Genlian , Li Zhiqiang , Zhang Di 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBy using CuO/graphene-oxide/CuO sandwich-like nanosheets as the building blocks, bulk nacre-inspired copper matrix nano-laminated composite reinforced by molecular-level dispersed and ordered reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with content as high as ∼45 vol% was fabricated via a combined process of assembly, reduction and consolidation. Thanks to nanoconfinement effect, reinforcing effect, as well as architecture effect, the nanocomposite shows increased specific strength and at least one order of magnitude greater recoverable deformation ability as compared with monolithic Cu matrix.
An Energy Harvesting Underwater Acoustic Transmitter for Aquatic Animals
Authors: Li Huidong , Tian Chuan , Lu Jun , Myjak Mitchell J. , Martinez Jayson J. , Brown Richard S. , Deng Zhiqun Daniel 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAcoustic telemetry is the primary method to actively track aquatic animals for behavioral studies. However, the small storage capacities of the batteries used in the transmitters limit the time that the implanted animals can be studied. In this research, we developed and implemented a battery-free acoustic transmitter that uses a flexible piezoelectric beam to harvest energy from fish swimming as the power source. The transmitter sends out a unique identification code with a sufficiently strong signal (150 dB, ref: 1 μPa at 1 meter) that has a detection range of up to 100 meters. Two prototypes, 100 mm and 77 mm long, respectively, weighing only about 1 gram or less in air, were sub-dermally implanted in two species of live fish. Transmissions were successfully detected as the fish swam in a natural manner. This represents the first known implanted energy-harvesting transmitter demonstrated in vivo. Successful development of this transmitter greatly expands the potential for long-term studies of the behaviors of aquatic animals and for subsequently developing strategies to mitigate the environmental impacts of renewable energy systems.
Superhydrophobic porous networks for enhanced droplet shedding
Authors: Liu Yahua , Wang Zuankai 
Published: September 2016

AbstractRecent research has shown that the use of submillimeter-scale tapered post arrays could generate the so-called pancake bouncing, which is characterized by the fast shedding of impinging drops from the surface in a pancake shape without undergoing the retraction stage as observed on conventional superhydrophobic surfaces. Despite this exciting discovery, the fabrication of this unique superhydrophobic surface with tapered post arrays involves complex processes, hindering its wide applications in practical sectors. Here, we report on the facile strategy to prepare a new hierarchical multilayered superhydrophobic surface directly from commercially available porous matrix that allows for efficient drop shedding. Further study shows that the enhanced drop mobility observed on such a surface is attributed to the synergistic cooperation of hierarchical structures endowing an adequate energy storage and effective energy release. The facile fabrication of superhydrophobic surface with enhanced drop mobility may find many practical applications including anti-icing, dropwise condensation and self-cleaning.
Insulin-like growth factor 1 and risk of depression in older people: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Authors: Chigogora S , Zaninotto P , Kivimaki M , Steptoe A , Batty G D 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDepressive disorders are a leading cause of disability in older age. Although the role of psychosocial and behavioural predictors has been well examined, little is known about the biological origins of depression. Findings from animal studies have implicated insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the aetiology of this disorder. A total of 6017 older adults (mean age of 65.7 years; 55% women) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing provided serum levels of IGF-1 (mean=15.9 nmol l−1, s.d. 5.7) during a nurse visit in 2008. Depression symptoms were assessed in the same year and again in 2012 using the eight-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Self-reports of a physician-diagnosis of depression were also collected at both time points. In separate analyses for men and women, the results from both the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses revealed a ‘U’-shaped pattern of association, such that lower and higher levels of IGF-1 were associated with a slightly elevated risk of depression, whereas the lowest risk was seen around the median levels. Thus, in men, with the lowest quintile of IGF-1 as the referent, the age-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of developing depression symptoms after 4 years of follow-up, for increasing quintiles of IGF-1, were: 0.51 (0.28–0.91), 0.50 (0.27–0.92), 0.63 (0.35–1.15) and 0.63 (0.35–1.13) (P-value for quadratic association 0.002). Some attenuation of these effects was apparent after adjustment for co-morbidity, socioeconomic status and health behaviours. In conclusion, in the present study of older adults, there was some evidence that moderate levels of IGF-1 levels conferred a reduced risk of depression.
Prediction of transition from ultra-high risk to first-episode psychosis using a probabilistic model combining history, clinical assessment and fatty-acid biomarkers
Authors: Clark S R , Baune B T , Schubert K O , Lavoie S , Smesny S , Rice S M , Schäfer M R , Benninger F , Feucht M , Klier C M , McGorry P D , Amminger G P 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCurrent criteria identifying patients with ultra-high risk of psychosis (UHR) have low specificity, and less than one-third of UHR cases experience transition to psychosis within 3 years of initial assessment. We explored whether a Bayesian probabilistic multimodal model, combining baseline historical and clinical risk factors with biomarkers (oxidative stress, cell membrane fatty acids, resting quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG)), could improve this specificity. We analyzed data of a UHR cohort (n=40) with a 1-year transition rate of 28%. Positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated for predictor variables with statistically significant receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs), which excluded oxidative stress markers and qEEG parameters as significant predictors of transition. We clustered significant variables into historical (history of drug use), clinical (Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale positive, negative and general scores and Global Assessment of Function) and biomarker (total omega-3, nervonic acid) groups, and calculated the post-test probability of transition for each group and for group combinations using the odds ratio form of Bayes’ rule. Combination of the three variable groups vastly improved the specificity of prediction (area under ROC=0.919, sensitivity=72.73%, specificity=96.43%). In this sample, our model identified over 70% of UHR patients who transitioned within 1 year, compared with 28% identified by standard UHR criteria. The model classified 77% of cases as very high or low risk (P>0.9, <0.1) based on history and clinical assessment, suggesting that a staged approach could be most efficient, reserving fatty-acid markers for 23% of cases remaining at intermediate probability following bedside interview.
High‐power single‐chip GaN‐based white LED with 3058 lm
Authors: Ding Mingdi , Zhang Yibin , Xu Jianwei , Zhao Desheng , Huang Hongjuan , Xu Xin , Miao Zhenlin , He Peng , Wang Yanming , Dong Yongjun , Zhang Baoshun , Cai Yong 
Published: September 2016

A high‐power phosphor‐converted white LED with 3058 lm is reported. The high‐power white LED was manufactured by utilising a single‐blue LED chip with a cerium‐doped yttrium aluminium garnet phosphor crystal film, and the LED chip consists of 16 LED cells that are connected in series, the chip dimensions are of 4.5 × 4.5 mm2. The electrical and optical characteristics of the LED were measured up to a 500 mA injection current under direct operation conditions. Results show that the luminous flux and luminous efficacy at 500 mA reach to 3058 lm and 128 lm/W, respectively.
100 Gb/s and 2 V Vπ InP Mach‐Zehnder modulator with an n‐i‐p‐n heterostructure
Authors: Ogiso Y. , Ozaki J. , Kashio N. , Kikuchi N. , Tanobe H. , Ohiso Y. , Kohtoku M. 
Published: September 2016

An ultra‐high bandwidth (BW) and a low Vπ InP Mach‐Zehnder modulator with an n‐i‐p‐n heterostructure is proposed. The combination of the n‐i‐p‐n heterostructure and the capacitive‐loaded travelling‐wave electrode provides a modulator with extremely low electrical loss. The device exhibits a 3 dB electro‐optic BW of over 67 GHz and a Vπ of 2.0 V. A 100 Gb/s non‐return‐to‐zero on–off keying modulation with an extinction ratio of over 10 dB is also realised.
Medical feminism, working mothers, and the limits of home: finding a balance between self-care and other-care in cross-cultural debates about health and lifestyle, 1952–1956
Authors: Cooper Frederick 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPost-war medical debates about the psychiatric consequences of married women’s economic behaviour witnessed far more divergence and collision between perspectives than has often been acknowledged. Practitioners who approached women primarily as facilitators of family health—as wives and mothers—were mistrustful of the competing demands presented by paid employment. They were faced by a growing spectrum of opinion, however, which represented women as atrophying in the confines of domestic life, and which positioned work as a therapeutic act. Advocates of work tapped into anxieties about family instability by emphasizing the dangers posed by frustrated housewives, shifting clinical faith away from full-time motherhood, but nevertheless allowing responsibilities towards husbands and children to continue to frame argument about women’s behaviour. Doctors, researchers and social critics, in this context, became preoccupied with questions of balance, mapping a path which sought to harmonize public and private fulfilment, identity and responsibility. This article traces this discursive shift through a series of conferences held by the Medical Women’s International Association during the early-to-mid 1950s, connecting debates in Britain with systems of broader intellectual exchange. It enriches and complicates historical knowledge of post-war relationships between medicine and feminism, at the same time as offering a conceptual and linguistic context for modern discussion about work-life balance and gender. This article is published as part of a collection entitled “On balance: lifestyle, mental health and wellbeing”.
Normalizing translation through 4E-BP prevents mTOR-driven cortical mislamination and ameliorates aberrant neuron integration
Authors: Lin Tiffany V. , Hsieh Lawrence , Kimura Tomoki , Malone Taylor J. , Bordey Angélique 
Published: September 2016

Significance
Increased mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling is associated with many neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders, ranging from epilepsy to autism, that feature developmental defects in the organization of the cortex. Despite the fact that much research has focused on mTORC1-related disorders, the downstream effectors that produce these developmental defects are not well understood. To begin filling that void, this study looked at the role of one of the many cellular processes regulated by mTORC1, cap-dependent translation. Surprisingly, normalizing signaling through only one of mTORC1’s targets [eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs)] was able to block ectopic placement of cortical neurons, and mimicking mTORC1 signaling through 4E-BP alone was sufficient to induce neuron misplacement.
Diabetic wound regeneration using peptide-modified hydrogels to target re-epithelialization
Authors: Xiao Yun , Reis Lewis A. , Feric Nicole , Knee Erica J. , Gu Junhao , Cao Shuwen , Laschinger Carol , Londono Camila , Antolovich Julia , McGuigan Alison P. , Radisic Milica 
Published: September 2016

SignificanceCurrent treatments for diabetic chronic wounds fail to achieve effective therapeutic outcomes. The majority of these treatments focus on angiogenesis, but diabetes often involves endothelial dysfunction. A hallmark of regenerative wound healing is rapid, effective re-epithelialization. In this study, we present QHREDGS (glutamine-histidine-arginine-glutamic acid-aspartic acid-glycine-serine), a prosurvival peptide derived from angiopoietin-1, as a therapeutic candidate that targets re-epithelialization. Immobilized QHREDGS peptide promoted cell survival against hydrogen peroxide stress and collective cell migration of both normal and diabetic human keratinocytes in vitro. The clinical relevance was demonstrated further in type 2 diabetic mice: A single treatment with a low QHREDGS dose immobilized in chitosan–collagen was effective in promoting wound healing, and a single high-dose peptide treatment outperformed a clinically approved porous collagen dressing.