bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active Sites Intercalated Ultrathin Carbon Sheath on Nanowire Arrays as Integrated Core–Shell Architecture: Highly Efficient and Durable Electrocatalysts for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Hou Jungang , Wu Yunzhen , Cao Shuyan , Sun Yiqing , Sun Licheng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe development of active bifunctional electrocatalysts with low cost and earth‐abundance toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remains a great challenge for overall water splitting. Herein, metallic Ni4Mo nanoalloys are firstly implanted on the surface of NiMoOx nanowires array (NiMo/NiMoOx) as metal/metal oxides hybrid. Inspired by the superiority of carbon conductivity, an ultrathin nitrogen‐doped carbon sheath intercalated NiMo/NiMoOx (NC/NiMo/NiMoOx) nanowires as integrated core–shell architecture are constructed. The integrated NC/NiMo/NiMoOx array exhibits an overpotential of 29 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a low Tafel slope of 46 mV dec−1 for HER due to the abundant active sites, fast electron transport, low charge‐transfer resistance, unique architectural structure and synergistic effect of carbon sheath, nanoalloys, and oxides. Moreover, as OER catalysts, the NC/NiMo/NiMoOx hybrids require an overpotential of 284 mV at 10 mA cm−2. More importantly, the NC/NiMo/NiMoOx array as a highly active and stable electrocatalyst approaches ≈10 mA cm−2 at a voltage of 1.57 V, opening an avenue to the rational design and fabrication of the promising electrode materials with architecture structures toward the electrochemical energy storage and conversion.
Las ciencias de la complejidad y la educación médica
Authors: Guinzberg Alberto Lifshitz , De Pomposo García-Cohen Alexandre S. F. 
Published: October 2017

En los últimos 20 años se ha vuelto patente la relevancia de las ciencias de la complejidad en las ciencias biológicas y la medicina no es la excepción. Son muchas las áreas médicas que ya echan mano de las ventajas del pensamiento complejo en su quehacer clínico. Así y todo, se hace necesario reflexionar acerca de lo complejo de la medicina en el ámbito de la educación médica y, más particularmente, en la enseñanza clínica. Se consideró el papel de la complejidad como contenido, ilustrado a través de conceptos básicos, de oposiciones conceptuales y de aforismos médicos muy conocidos; se revisó también la complejidad como estrategia y filosofía pedagógicas. De esa forma se mostró a cada vez más imprescindible presencia del pensamiento complejo en la enseñanza de la medicina.
THE FUTURE ENFORCEMENT OF ASYMMETRIC JURISDICTION AGREEMENTS
Authors: Merrett Louise 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAsymmetric jurisdiction clauses are clauses which contain different provisions regarding jurisdiction for each party. They are widely used in international financial markets. However, the validity of this form of agreement has been called into doubt in several European jurisdictions. Furthermore, following Brexit, there may well be an increasing focus on alternative methods of enforcement under the Hague Convention and at common law, claims for damages and anti-suit injunctions. As well as considering recent developments in the case law and the implications of Brexit, this article will emphasize that all of these questions can only be answered after the individual promises contained in any particular agreement are properly identified and construed. Once that is done, there is no reason why the asymmetric nature of a clause should be a bar to its enforcement.
Molecular data reveal high diversity ofUvulifer(Trematoda: Diplostomidae) in Middle America, with the description of a new species
Authors: López-Jiménez A. , Pérez-Ponce de León G. , García-Varela M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMembers of the genusUvuliferare distributed worldwide and infect aquatic snails and freshwater fishes as first and second intermediate hosts, respectively, and fish-eating birds (kingfishers) as definitive hosts. Metacercariae ofUvuliferspp. were collected from the fins and skin of 20 species of freshwater fishes in Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica, and the adults were recovered from the intestine of kingfishers in four localities of Mexico. The genetic divergence among 76 samples (64 metacercariae and 12 adults) was estimated by sequencing the 28S and 5.8S nuclear genes, as well as the internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2, and one mitochondrial gene (cox1). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses inferred with each dataset showed a high genetic diversity within the genusUvuliferacross Middle America, revealing the existence of four genetic lineages that exhibit some level of host specificity to their second intermediate hosts. The metacercariae of lineage 1 were associated with characids and cyprinids in central and northern Mexico. Metacercariae of lineages 2 and 3 were associated with cichlids distributed widely across Middle America. The lack of adults of these lineages in kingfishers, in lineages 2 and 3, or the fact that just a few adult specimens were recovered, as in lineage 1, prevented a formal description of these species. The metacercariae of lineage 4 were found in poeciliids, across a distribution range comprising Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua, and the adult was found in the green kingfisher in Mexico. The number of specimens sampled for lineage 4, for both gravid adults and metacercariae, allowed us to describe a new species,Uvulifer spinatusn. sp. We describe the new species herein and we discuss briefly the genetic diversity inUvuliferspp. and the importance of using DNA sequences to properly characterize parasite diversity.
Leaf-cutting ant populations profit from human disturbances in tropical dry forest in Brazil
Authors: Siqueira Felipe F. S. , Ribeiro-Neto José Domingos , Tabarelli Marcelo , Andersen Alan N. , Wirth Rainer , Leal Inara R. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract:Anthropogenic disturbance often results in the proliferation of native species of particular groups that leads to biotic homogenization. Leaf-cutting ants are an example of such winner organisms in tropical rain forests, but their response to disturbance in dry forests is poorly known. We investigatedAttacolony density in areas of tropical dry forest in Brazil with different distance to roads and vegetation cover.Attacolonies were surveyed in 59 belt transects of 300 × 20 m, covering a total area of 35.4 ha. We found 224Attacolonies, 131 of which were active and belonged toAtta opaciceps(87 colonies, 2.45 ha−1),A. sexdens(35 colonies, 0.98 ha−1) andA. laevigata(9 colonies, 0.25 ha−1). The density of active colonies sharply decreased from 15 ± 2.92 ha−1in the 50-m zone along roads to only 2.55 ± 1.65 ha−1at distances up to 300 m. The reverse pattern was observed for inactive colonies. ActiveAttacolonies preferentially occur in areas with low vegetation cover, while inactive colonies prefer areas with high vegetation cover. We demonstrate for the first time that anthropogenic disturbances promote the proliferation of leaf-cutting ants in dry forest in Brazil, which may affect plant regeneration via herbivory and ecosystem engineering as demonstrated for rain forests.
The Dance of “Old” and “New” in Chinese Print Culture, 1860s-1955
Authors: Brokaw Cynthia 
Published: October 2017

ArgumentScholars of modern Chinese publishing and book culture focus on the dramatic transformations that took place in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries: the new technologies that enabled “mass” printing and the development of “modern” genres of print. They often neglect the fact that xylography remained a working technology through much of the Republican period and even into the People's Republic of China. Here I examine the continued use of woodblock printing and the continuing popularity of “traditional” textual genres from two perspectives. First, from a “bottom up” perspective, I examine the production and sale of woodblock texts in rural markets, often in the face of efforts by both the Republic and the People's Republic to prohibit their use. Second, from a perspective from the top, I consider the deliberate choices made by the government, some elite book collector-publishers, and Daoist and Buddhist devotees to print certain works xylographically.
Evaluation de la culture de sécurité en Etablissement d’Hébergement pour Personnes Agées Dépendantes (EHPAD): adaptation française du questionnaire Nursing Home Survey on Patient Safety Culture
Authors: Herr Marie , Raharimanana Séhéno , Bagaragaza Emmanuel , Aegerter Philippe , Sipos Irène , Fabre Céline , Ankri Joël , Pisica-Donose George 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe objective was to translate into French the American questionnaire “Nursing Home Survey on Patient Safety Culture” and to test the feasibility of its use in a sample of nursing homes. The questionnaire was translated by a multidisciplinary group of six experts and tested on a sample of people working in nursing homes. The questionnaire was then administered in five nursing homes. A first version of the French NHSPSC is proposed in this article. Despite similarities between items and ceiling effect for one item, the choices made were conservative to allow international comparisons. The administration of the questionnaire in five nursing homes confirmed the feasibility of the approach, with a participation of more than 50 per cent. This work made a French version of the NHSPSC available and confirmed that it is a feasible method for evaluating safety culture in nursing homes.
An Earnest Meyerbeer:Le Prophèteat London’s Royal Italian Opera, 1849
Authors: Protano-Biggs Laura 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWhen thegrands opérasof Giacomo Meyerbeer were introduced to London audiences as a cluster in the mid-1800s, critics identified moments of understated musical and dramatic expression, and made little mention of more sensational dimensions, such as their impressive staging. With a focus on the 1849 staging ofLe Prophèteat the brand-new Royal Italian Opera in London, this article demonstrates that numerous critics were keen to endorse this new opera house, where most of the composer’s works were mounted, and that, to this end, they zeroed in on the most bare and restrained elements in his works so as to invest them with moral and intellectual relevance for Victorian audiences. ApproachingLe Prophèteas various London critics did is to see it anew and to consider alternatives to recent narratives which have taken material excess as a starting point for understanding the success of Meyerbeer’sgrands opérason the continent.
New evidence concerning the origin of the monophonic chants in the Codex Calixtinus
Authors: TORRES SANTIAGO RUIZ 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe recent discovery of several fragments of an antiphoner in the Archive of the Cathedral of Sigüenza (Guadalajara) with repertoire for the feast of St James the Apostle sheds new light on the origin of the monophonic chants of the Codex Calixtinus. The dating of the fragments to c.1100 demonstrates the existence of an officium proprium prior to the writing of the famous Compostelan codex, a fact hitherto unknown. Part of the repertoire collected in the Sigüenza manuscript, particularly the antiphon Honorabilem eximii and the responsory Alme perpetue, evidence textual and melodic concordances with Calixtinus. Moreover, some chants in the Sigüenza Antiphoner, and not in Calixtinus, were widely known across the Iberian Peninsula before the Tridentine liturgical unification. This evidence suggests that the compilers of the monophonic Office in the Codex Calixtinus knew the version transmitted in the recently discovered fragments. The consequent remodelling of the St James Office was probably due to the fact that it incorporated many legendary elements. At the beginning of the twelfth century, the Church of Compostela was actively seeking to legitimise its apostolicity, which Rome seriously questioned. To do so, it was essential to offer a liturgical corpus of proven authority, based on the Bible and the patristic literature.
Additional mechanism for left ventricular dysfunction: chronic pulmonary regurgitation decreases left ventricular preload in patients with tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Ylitalo Pekka , Jokinen Eero , Lauerma Kirsi , Holmström Miia , Pitkänen-Argillander Olli M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundRight ventricular dysfunction in patients with tetralogy of Fallot and significant pulmonary regurgitation may lead to systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle due to altered ventricular interaction. We were interested in determining whether chronic pulmonary regurgitation affects the preload of the left ventricle. In addition, we wanted to study whether severe chronic pulmonary regurgitation would alter the preload of the left ventricle when compared with patients having preserved pulmonary valve annulus.MethodsThe study group comprised 38 patients with tetralogy of Fallot who underwent surgical repair between 1990 and 2003. Transannular patching was required in 21 patients to reconstruct the right ventricular outflow tract. Altogether, 48 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers were recruited. Cardiac MRI was performed on all study patients to assess the atrial and ventricular volumes and function.ResultsSevere pulmonary regurgitation (>30 ml/m2) was present in 13 patients, of whom 11 had a transannular patch, but only two had a preserved pulmonary valve annulus. The ventricular preload volumes from both atria were significantly reduced in patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation, and left ventricular stroke volumes (44.1±4.7 versus 58.9±10.7 ml/m2; p<0.0001) were smaller compared with that in patients with pulmonary regurgitation <30 ml/m2or in controls.ConclusionsIn patients with tetralogy of Fallot, severe pulmonary regurgitation has a significant effect on volume flow through the left atrium. Reduction in left ventricular preload volume may be an additional factor contributing to left ventricular dysfunction.
Evolution of the concept of oxygen transport in the critically ill, with a focus on children after cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Li Jia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe concept of oxygen transport, defined as the relation between oxygen consumption (VO2) and delivery (DO2), is of fundamental importance in critically ill patients. The past 200 years have witnessed a stepwise progressive improvement in the understanding of pathophysiological disturbances in the balance of DO2and VO2in critically ill patients including those after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Intermittent spectacular technological achievements have accelerated the rate of progress. Therapeutic advances have been particularly impressive during the recent decades. Examination of the relation between DO2and VO2provides a useful framework around which the care of the critically ill may be developed. Until now, only a few groups have used this framework to examine children after cardiopulmonary bypass. The key topics that will be covered in this review article are the evolution of the concept from its early development to its present, increasingly sophisticated, role in the management of critically ill patients, with a focus on children after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
Loneliness, Sociodemographic and Mental Health Variables in Spanish Adults over 65 Years Old
Authors: Ausín Berta , Muñoz Manuel , Castellanos Miguel A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLoneliness is a risk factor for morbidity as well as mortality. Older people are more vulnerable to feeling alone due to age-associated changes and losses they might experience. This study aimed to analyze sociodemographic, psychosocial, and mental health variables related to loneliness in the elderly. A random sample of 419 people over 65 years old from the Community of Madrid was used. The UCLA Loneliness Scale, the CIDI65+ Diagnostic Interview, and the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Measure were administered. A regression p model was estimated to identify the variables that best predict loneliness associated with old age. Loneliness-associated variables included living alone t(161.41) = 2.07; p < .040, marital status F(5, 404) = 4.52; p < .001, frequency of economic problems F(1, 408 ) = 4.86; p < .028, quality of life F(4, 405) = 7.36; p < .001, satisfaction with life F(4, 405) = 3.80; p < .005, satisfaction with social relationships F(4, 405) = 19.50; p < .001, presence of a mental disorder (t(98.70) = 2.92; p < .004), and having an anxiety disorder (t(51.11) = 2.19; p < .033). The results presented in this paper highlight some predictors of loneliness in older people that could be useful in intervention, to minimize harmful conditions that can lead to loneliness in people over 65.
Validation of the Gratitude Questionnaire in Filipino Secondary School Students
Authors: Valdez Jana Patricia M. , Yang Weipeng , Datu Jesus Alfonso D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMost studies have assessed the psychometric properties of the Gratitude Questionnaire – Six-Item Form (GQ-6) in the Western contexts while very few research has been generated to explore the applicability of this scale in non-Western settings. To address this gap, the aim of the study was to examine the factorial validity and gender invariance of the Gratitude Questionnaire in the Philippines through a construct validation approach. There were 383 Filipino high school students who participated in the research. In terms of within-network construct validity, results of confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the five-item version of the questionnaire (GQ-5) had better fit compared to the original six-item version of the gratitude questionnaire. The scores from the GQ-5 also exhibited invariance across gender. Between-network construct validation showed that gratitude was associated with higher levels of academic achievement (β = .46, p <.001), autonomous motivation (β = .73, p <.001), and controlled motivation (β = .28, p <.01). Conversely, gratitude was linked to lower degree of amotivation (β = -.51, p <.001). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Inverse poroelasticity as a fundamental mechanism in biomechanics and mechanobiology
Authors: Ehret Alexander E. , Bircher Kevin , Stracuzzi Alberto , Marina Vita , Zündel Manuel , Mazza Edoardo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms of deformation of biological materials is important for improved diagnosis and therapy, fundamental investigations in mechanobiology, and applications in tissue engineering. Here we demonstrate the essential role of interstitial fluid mobility in determining the mechanical properties of soft tissues. Opposite to the behavior expected for a poroelastic material, the tissue volume of different collagenous membranes is observed to strongly decrease with tensile loading. Inverse poroelasticity governs monotonic and cyclic responses of soft biomembranes, and induces chemo-mechanical coupling, such that tensile forces are modulated by the chemical potential of the interstitial fluid. Correspondingly, the osmotic pressure varies with mechanical loads, thus providing an effective mechanism for mechanotransduction. Water mobility determines the tissue’s ability to adapt to deformation through compaction and dilation of the collagen fiber network. In the near field of defects this mechanism activates the reversible formation of reinforcing collagen structures which effectively avoid propagation of cracks.
Human mesenchymal stromal cells transplanted into mice stimulate renal tubular cells and enhance mitochondrial function
Authors: Perico Luca , Morigi Marina , Rota Cinzia , Breno Matteo , Mele Caterina , Noris Marina , Introna Martino , Capelli Chiara , Longaretti Lorena , Rottoli Daniela , Conti Sara , Corna Daniela , Remuzzi Giuseppe , Benigni Ariela 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are renoprotective and drive regeneration following injury, although cellular targets of such an effect are still ill-defined. Here, we show that human umbilical cord (UC)-MSCs transplanted into mice stimulate tubular cells to regain mitochondrial mass and function, associated with enhanced microtubule-rich projections that appear to mediate mitochondrial trafficking to create a reparative dialogue among adjacent tubular cells. Treatment with UC-MSCs in mice with cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in proximal tubuli by enhancing PGC1α expression, NAD+ biosynthesis and Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) activity, thus fostering antioxidant defenses and ATP production. The functional role of SIRT3 in tubular recovery is highlighted by data that in SIRT3-deficient mice with AKI, UC-MSC treatment fails to induce renoprotection. These data document a previously unrecognized mechanism through which UC-MSCs facilitate renal repair, so as to induce global metabolic reprogramming of damaged tubular cells to sustain energy supply.
Tyrosine phosphorylation of the GARU E3 ubiquitin ligase promotes gibberellin signalling by preventing GID1 degradation
Authors: Nemoto Keiichirou , Ramadan Abdelaziz , Arimura Gen-ichiro , Imai Kenichiro , Tomii Kentaro , Shinozaki Kazuo , Sawasaki Tatsuya 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGibberellin (GA) is a major hormone for plant growth and development. GA response is derived from the degradation of DELLA repressor proteins after GA-dependent complex formation of the GID1 GA receptor with DELLA. Genistein is a known tyrosine (Tyr) kinase inhibitor and inhibits DELLA degradation. However, the biological role of Tyr phosphorylation on the GA response remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that GARU (GA receptor RING E3 ubiquitin ligase) mediates ubiquitin-dependent degradation of GID1, and that the TAGK2 plant Tyr-kinase is a target of genistein and inhibits GARU–GID1A interactions by phosphorylation of GARU at Tyr321. Genistein induces degradation of GID1 and accumulation of DELLA. Conversely, Arabidopsis garu mutant and TAGK2-overexpressing plants accelerate GID1 stabilization and DELLA degradation. Under salt stress, GARU suppresses seed germination. We propose that GA response is negatively regulated by GARU-dependent GID1 ubiquitination and positively by Tyr phosphorylation of GARU by TAGK2, and genistein inhibits GA signaling by TAGK2 inhibition.
A new electrode design for ambipolar injection in organic semiconductors
Authors: Kanagasekaran Thangavel , Shimotani Hidekazu , Shimizu Ryota , Hitosugi Taro , Tanigaki Katsumi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOrganic semiconductors have attracted much attention for low-cost, flexible and human-friendly optoelectronics. However, achieving high electron-injection efficiency is difficult from air-stable electrodes and cannot be equivalent to that of holes. Here, we present a novel concept of electrode composed of a bilayer of tetratetracontane (TTC) and polycrystalline organic semiconductors (pc-OSC) covered by a metal layer. Field-effect transistors of single-crystal organic semiconductors with the new electrodes of M/pc-OSC/TTC (M: Ca or Au) show both highly efficient electron and hole injection. Contact resistance for electron injection from Au/pc-OSC/TTC and hole injection from Ca/pc-OSC/TTC are comparable to those for electron injection from Ca and hole injection from Au, respectively. Furthermore, the highest field-effect mobilities of holes (22 cm2 V–1 s–1) and electrons (5.0 cm2 V–1 s–1) are observed in rubrene among field-effect transistors with electrodes so far proposed by employing Ca/pc-OSC/TTC and Au/pc-OSC/TTC electrodes for electron and hole injection, respectively.