bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual metabolic burden in young psoriasis patients successfully treated with biologics
Authors: Merzel Šabović Eva Klara , Kraner Šumenjak Tadeja , Janić Miodrag 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMetabolic disorders are common in patients with psoriasis and contribute significantly to an increased cardiovascular risk. While biologic therapy is very successful in clearing skin lesions, its impact on metabolic parameters is uncertain. Our aim was to investigate the residual metabolic burden in psoriasis patients successfully treated with biologic therapy. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 80 young patients (54 men, 26 women, aged 30–45 years) successfully treated with either adalimumab, secukinumab or guselkumab and topical therapy or methotrexate, and 20 healthy controls. Anthropometric parameters, lipid levels and metabolic indices (HOMA-IR, TyG index and FIB-4 index) were measured. Patients did not receive any other treatments to exclude confounding effects. After analysis, we found that patients treated with three different biologics had similar metabolic status, only the FIB-4 index was higher in the adalimumab group than in the secukinumab and guselkumab treatment groups. There were no significant differences between the patients treated with biologics and the control group. The comparison with patients treated topically or with methotrexate showed that only triglyceride levels, HOMA-IR, TyG index, and FIB-4 index were elevated in patients treated with adalimumab compared to patients treated with topical therapy. Finally, metabolic status was also similar in patients treated with methotrexate or topical therapy. In conclusion, this study suggests that psoriasis patients successfully treated with biologics have similar metabolic parameters to the control group and patients treated with topical therapy or methotrexate. This indicates that there is no significant residual metabolic burden in young patients successfully treated with biologics. These results are clinically relevant and should be considered in the treatment of psoriasis patients.The study is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT05957120). Date of registration: 24th of July 2023.
Postpandemic fluctuations of regional respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization epidemiology: potential impact on an immunization program in Switzerland
Authors: Fischli Klara , Schöbi Nina , Duppenthaler Andrea , Casaulta Carmen , Riedel Thomas , Kopp Matthias V. , Agyeman Philipp K. A. , Aebi Christoph 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRSV hospitalization epidemiology is subject to rapid changes brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic and the prospect of vaccine prevention. The purpose of this report is to characterize recent epidemiologic and clinical fluctuations and to analyze their potential impact on an immunization program with nirsevimab. This is a 2018–2024 retrospective analysis of all hospitalizations caused by RSV in patients below 16 years of age occurring at an academic Children’s Hospital that serves a defined population. We simulated the vaccine impact against RSV hospitalization by applying the expected effects of the infant immunization program with nirsevimab proposed in Switzerland to observed case counts. We analyzed 1339 hospitalizations. The consecutive occurrence of two major epidemics in 2022–2023 and 2023–2024 had never been recorded previously. The 2023–2024 season witnessed a major shift to older age. Only 61% of patients were below 12 months of age, while prepandemic long-term surveillance since 1997 found a range between 64 and 85% (median, 73%). Age below 3 months, prematurity, airway anomalies, congenital heart disease, and neuromuscular disorders were independently associated with ICU admission. Simulation of the vaccine impact using two scenarios of coverage and efficacy (scenario 1, 50% and 62%, respectively; scenario 2, 90% and 90%) and three different age distributions resulted in an infant vaccine impact of 31.0% (scenario 1) and 81.0% (scenario 2), respectively. Vaccine impact for all patients below 16 years ranged from 22.7 to 24.9% (scenario 1) and 54.2 to 68.8% (scenario 2).Conclusion: RSV hospitalization epidemiology was characterized by substantial variability in patient age on admission. As the proposed RSV immunization program primarily targets infants, year-to-year fluctuation of cases among older children will cause a variability of vaccine impact of approximately 15%. This information may be useful for physicians and hospital administrators when they anticipate the resources needed during the winter season.

What is Known:• RSV hospitalization epidemiology was subject to massive disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic.• Extended half-life monoclonal antibodies and active maternal immunization offer new means of passive protection of infants against severe RSV disease.What is New:• We demonstrate substantial year-to-year fluctuation of the age distribution at the time of RSV hospitalization.• Up to 40% of annual RSV hospitalizations in a given season occur in children above 12 months of age who do not benefit from maternal RSV immunization and may not be eligible for receipt of a monoclonal antibody.
The 2020–2022 paroxysmal episodes of the South-East Crater (Mt. Etna): insights into high-frequency eruptive activity from petrological monitoring
Authors: Corsaro Rosa Anna , Miraglia Lucia , Arienzo Ilenia , Di Renzo Valeria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOver the last 20 years, the South-East Crater (SEC) of Etna has produced high-intensity explosive activity including Strombolian explosions and lava fountains associated with lava effusion. In the 2020–2022 period, SEC volcanic activity was characterized by two paroxysmal sequences from 13 December 2020 to 1 Apr 2021 (SEQ1) and from 19 May to 23 October 2021 (SEQ2); another two paroxysms occurred on 10 and 21 February 2022. The 2020–2022 eruptive activity was monitored by the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia-Osservatorio Etneo (INGV-OE) with instrumental networks, field surveys, and laboratory analyses. A detailed record of the chemical variations of glass was acquired in the framework of the syn-eruptive petrological monitoring; chemical (major and trace elements) and isotopic (Sr and Nd) compositions of bulk rocks completed the study. The findings of the petrological monitoring, coupled with volcanological parameters and literature data, allowed magma evolution to be tracked and the subsurface magmatic processes responsible for the observed compositional variations to be inferred. Changes in magma supply rates and mixing between an evolved magma stored in the shallow reservoir and a more primitive magma ascending from intermediate depths controlled magma evolution during the 2020–2022 paroxysmal activity. We discuss magmatic processes in the plumbing system before and during the eruption and the relationship between rate of magma supply and the eruptive dynamics. Finally, the 2020–2022 paroxysmal activity of SEC tested the INGV-OE procedures of petrological monitoring, in the framework of monitoring best practices.
On a periodic Jacobi–Perron type algorithm
Authors: Karpenkov Oleg 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn 1848 Ch. Hermite formulated a question on periodic representation of cubic numbers. In this paper we introduce a new Jacobi–Perron type algorithm that provides periodicity for all cubic irrationalities in the input and prove the periodicity. This is the first subtractive algorithm for which the algebraic periodicity is proven. The algorithm is designed for the totally real case, providing the answer to Hermite’s original question in this case.
Erfolgreiche humanistische psychotherapeutische Prozesse: Therapeutische Beziehung und signifikante Aspekte aus Sicht von Patient:innen und Therapeut:innen der Integrativen Therapie
Authors: Denkmayr Maria , Werner-Tutschku Clemens , Schaffler Yvonne , Probst Thomas , Humer Elke , Schigl Brigitte 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag untersucht psychotherapeutische Prozesse mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die therapeutische Beziehung. Konkret geht es dabei um Überlegungen zur therapeutischen Beziehung aus Sicht von Psychotherapeut:innen sowie der Wahrnehmung von besonderen, förderlichen oder hinderlichen Aspekten durch Patient:innen und Therapeut:innen. Die qualitativen Daten stammen aus Interviews einer Studie zu „Prozess und Outcome in niedergelassener psychotherapeutischer Praxis (POPP)“ mit Integrativen Therapeut:innen bzw. ihren Patient:innen. Die Daten wurden mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse bearbeitet. Aus Sicht der Psychotherapeut:innen lassen sich von Therapeut:innen und ihren Patient:innen gemeinsam hergestellte Allianzfaktoren, individuelle Faktoren die diese bzw. ihre Patient:innen betreffen sowie kontextuelle Faktoren extrahieren. Die Sicht von Patient:innen und Psychotherapeut:innen zu „significant events“ zeigt hohe Kongruenzen in der Sicht der Dyaden. Die Beziehung soll durch Empathie und Wertschätzung und ein partizipatives Arbeiten auf Augenhöhe gekennzeichnet sein. Anhand zweier Studien zur Integrativen Therapie als Beispiel für den humanistischen Ansatz heben die Ergebnisse die Bedeutung der therapeutischen Beziehung hervor und identifizieren damit zusammenhängende Faktoren, die sowohl für Patient:innen als auch ihre Therapeut:innen relevant sind.
Ways of Being a Mess: Distinguishing Heterogeneity from Pluralistic Eliminativism
Authors: Gough Joe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere are two forms of argument for eliminativism which ought to be distinguished, but which generally are not. One of these, heterogeneity eliminativism, starts from the claim that the extension of a given term is heterogeneous, that is, does not form a natural kind. The other, pluralistic eliminativism, starts from the claim that a term is ‘pluralistic’, demanding different precise definitions, measures, and generalizations in different specialist contexts of use. These two claims are related in various interesting ways, but it is nevertheless worth viewing these as two distinct forms of argument for eliminativism. They make different claims about the relevant terms, face different objections, and rely on different views about the requirements of good taxonomy. My aim in distinguishing between heterogeneity eliminativism and pluralistic eliminativism is to contribute to a much broader literature on kinds of and reasons for eliminativism, one which outstrips the concerns of philosophy of mind and philosophy of science alone. However, the taxonomies on which I am most immediately building are most closely tied to philosophy of mind and philosophy of science.
Collaboration and support between Chilean schools from an egonet mixed-method approach
Authors: Wyman Ignacio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aims to characterise inter-organisational collaboration and support networks between schools in a privatised, marketised, and competitive school system. It is located within and contributes to a body of literature on school networks, which has primarily focused on studying the architecture and conditions for the sustainability of the arrangements where collaboration and support between schools are meant to take place. However, there has been less focus on examining the partnerships themselves, particularly those formed organically by schools. This is an exploratory study that takes a novel convergent mixed-method egonet Social Network Analysis approach. Primary data were produced from interviews with sixteen primary school headteachers from a local area in Santiago, Chile. Participants were encouraged to name and reflect on other schools with which their schools have an inter-organisational relationship. Insights show that schools draw on both mandated and organically formed inter-organisational relationships to collaborate and support each other. These ties tend to be built with schools alike and geographically close. Some of the main drivers to turn to others are ensuring the sustainability of schools, generating coordinated responses to policy mandates, sharing practice and knowledge, and ensuring students’ schooling trajectories. This study, situated within the broader context of school networking literature, proposes that schools exist within multiple networks, with various connections serving different purposes, some of which are rarely acknowledged. It suggests that while formal school networks and governance structure are important, they are insufficient to represent the inter-organisational relationships in which schools are involved.
Fast separation and determination of 55Fe and 63Ni using chelating resin Chelex 100 for activated parts of nuclear reactors and nuclear forensics
Authors: Topyła Ewa , Chajduk Ewelina , Samczyński Zbigniew , Trojanowicz Marek 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, a method for selective separation of 63Ni and 55Fe with simultaneous wash-out of 60Co was developed. Purification of 63Ni and 55Fe was carried out using a chelating ion-exchange resin Chelex 100. The elaborated procedure was applied for aqueous and stainless steel matrices. Average recoveries were around 80% for both isotopes, confirmed by ICP-MS and LSC measurements. 60Co, interfering with the isotopes spectra in the same energy range, was washed-out from the system prior to 63Ni and 55Fe separation. The most important advantages over existing methods are short separation time (c.a. 8 h), application of a single chromatographic column and overall simplicity.
Remembering is an imaginative project
Authors: Goldwasser Seth 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis essay defends the claim that episodic remembering is a mental action by arguing that episodic remembering and sensory- or experience-like imagining are of a kind in a way relevant for agency. Episodic remembering is a type of imaginative project that involves the agential construction of imagistic-content and that aims at (veridically) representing particular events of the personal past. Neurally intact adults under normal conditions can token experiential memories of particular events from the personal past (merely) by intending or trying to. An agent’s ability to actively remember depends not only on her being able to determine that some memory event occurs but on her ability to construct the relevant scene at will as well. I claim that the ability to guide construction with respect to imagistic-content is distinctive feature of a subset of active imagining. Episodic remembering is of a kind with that subset of active imagining by being a process of agential construction of imagistic-content, in this case, scene construction that aims at (veridically) representing the personal past. Agential scene construction in the context of remembering is the agent’s exploring her personal past as a highly circumscribed region of modal space.
The traversal of the infinite: considering a beginning for an infinite past
Authors: Viglione Federico 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper offers a critical assessment of the Successive Addition Argument (SAA) in support of past finitism, i.e., the thesis that the past of the universe is finite in duration. This old philosophical argument, re-popularized by William Lane Craig in modern times, contends that the universe’s past cannot be infinite because an infinite series cannot be formed by successive addition. I first address a recently popular objection to the argument, namely the Zeno Objection, showing that it can be easily dismissed once each addition is taken to have the same duration. Nevertheless, I contend that the onus of the proof lies on those who propose the SAA, and that their main argumentative strategies fail. Indeed, many of their arguments are based on the supposedly uncontroversial claim that one cannot traverse the infinite by starting somewhere. I argue that a complete traversal of the infinite, with a beginning infinitely far from its end, is logically and metaphysically possible. Other popular arguments against traversed infinities are based on thought experiments such as the backward counter or the Tristram Shandy thought experiments. I argue that, once infinitely far beginnings are granted, none of the arguments based on such thought experiments prove effective, so that the SAA must be rejected.
Time to Volunteer: Changing Determinants and Correlates for Time Contributions to Voluntary Activities
Authors: Kelle Nadiya , Kausmann Corinna , Simonson Julia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVolunteers’ time contributions have decreased in some European societies, and researchers have sought to understand why. This study aims to uncover the relationship between work-family life changes and changes in individual voluntary behaviour with volunteers’ time contributions. To analyse how determinants for volunteer time contributions have changed over time, we draw on cross-sectional data from the German Survey on Volunteering. We apply Poisson regressions for the time period 1999–2019 on nearly 22,000 volunteers. We find a tendency towards decreasing volunteer time contributions. In line with the role-overload theory, longer working hours are increasingly negatively associated with volunteer hours over this period. However, there is no consistent change over time in the association between responsibility for a pre-school child and volunteer hours. Contrary to the theory on the changing nature of volunteering, we do not find conclusive evidence that the shift towards voluntary activities in individually organised, non-hierarchical settings is connected to decreases in volunteer hours.
Updates bei der Behandlung von Gonokokken-Infektionen
Authors: Chromy David 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Fallzahlen der Infektionen mit Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) nehmen weltweit stetig zu. Ein signifikanter Anteil entfällt auf asymptomatische extragenitale Infektionen, die im Rahmen von Screenings auf sexuell übertragbare Infektionen (STI) detektiert werden. Am stärksten betroffen ist die Gruppe der Männer, die Sex mit Männern haben (MSM). Seit fast einem Jahrhundert kann die Gonorrhoe mittels Antibiotika therapiert werden, wobei die Entstehung von Resistenzen ein fortwährendes Problem darstellt – bisher hat NG noch gegen jedes als Standardtherapie etablierte Therapeutikum Resistenzen entwickelt. In jüngster Vergangenheit hat man einen starken Zuwachs der Resistenzen gegen Azithromycin bemerkt. Das hat unmittelbare Auswirkungen auf die Standardtherapie, denn die Kombination aus Ceftriaxon und Azithromycin hatte sich in den letzten 10 Jahren vielerorts etabliert. Stattdessen setzt man nun auf eine Ceftriaxon-Monotherapie unter Ausschluss einer Chlamydien-Koinfektion sowie anschließender Erfolgskontrolle. Die wichtigste Präventionsmaßnahme bleibt das Kondom, nachdem bis dato keine effektive Impfung verfügbar ist und eine Chemoprophylaxe mit Doxycyclin eine sehr eingeschränkte Wirksamkeit bei NG aufweist.
Usefulness of the SARC-F questionnaire and the measurement of the hand grip strength in predicting short-term mortality in older patients hospitalized for acute heart failure
Authors: Okoye Chukwuma , Morelli Virginia , Franchi Riccardo , Mazzarone Tessa , Guarino Daniela , Maccioni Lorenzo , Cargiolli Cristina , Calsolaro Valeria , Niccolai Filippo , Virdis Agostino 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Sarcopenia is a potentially reversible syndrome that increases the risk of cardiogenic cachexia and adverse outcomes in older patients with heart failure (HF). Despite its clinical significance, sarcopenia remains underdiagnosed due to the complexities of comprehensive assessment in patients with acute HF. This study aimed to evaluate whether the SARC-F questionnaire, its inviduals components, and the handgrip strength test (HGS) can predict short-term prognostic risk in very old patients recently discharged after acute HF.

Methods
We consecutively enrolled patients aged 75 years or older hospitalized with acute HF in the Geriatrics Unit of a tertiary care hospital. All patients underwent physical examination, complete blood tests, point-of-care ultrasound, and a comprehensive geriatric assessment, including physical performance through SARC-F and HGS. The thirty-day post-discharge mortality rate was assessed by phone interview.

Results
Out of 184 patients hospitalized with acute HF who were enrolled in the study (mean [SD], 86.8 [5.9] years, 60.3% female), 47 died within 30 days after discharge. By multivariate logistic analysis, HGS (β = – 0.73 ± 0.03, p = 0.008) and SARC-F [adjusted OR = 1.18 (CI 95% 1.03–1.33), p = 0.003] resulted independently associated with mortality. Furthermore, two SARC-F sub-items, namely, limitation in rising from a chair and history of falls [aOR: 3.26 (CI95% 1.27–8.34), p = 0.008; aOR: 3.30 (CI 95% 1.28–8.49), p = 0.01; respectively] emerged as determinants of 30-days mortality.

Conclusion
SARC-F and HGS test independently predict 30-day post-discharge mortality in oldest-old patients hospitalized for acute HF.
Reclaiming AI as a Theoretical Tool for Cognitive Science
Authors: van Rooij Iris , Guest Olivia , Adolfi Federico , de Haan Ronald , Kolokolova Antonina , Rich Patricia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe idea that human cognition is, or can be understood as, a form of computation is a useful conceptual tool for cognitive science. It was a foundational assumption during the birth of cognitive science as a multidisciplinary field, with Artificial Intelligence (AI) as one of its contributing fields. One conception of AI in this context is as a provider of computational tools (frameworks, concepts, formalisms, models, proofs, simulations, etc.) that support theory building in cognitive science. The contemporary field of AI, however, has taken the theoretical possibility of explaining human cognition as a form of computation to imply the practical feasibility of realising human(-like or -level) cognition in factual computational systems, and the field frames this realisation as a short-term inevitability. Yet, as we formally prove herein, creating systems with human(-like or -level) cognition is intrinsically computationally intractable. This means that any factual AI systems created in the short-run are at best decoys. When we think these systems capture something deep about ourselves and our thinking, we induce distorted and impoverished images of ourselves and our cognition. In other words, AI in current practice is deteriorating our theoretical understanding of cognition rather than advancing and enhancing it. The situation could be remediated by releasing the grip of the currently dominant view on AI and by returning to the idea of AI as a theoretical tool for cognitive science. In reclaiming this older idea of AI, however, it is important not to repeat conceptual mistakes of the past (and present) that brought us to where we are today.