bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome in an Extremely Premature Neonate
Authors: Saini Shiv Sajan , Kulkarni Vinay Vamdev , Gautam Vikas 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is a rare diagnosis in neonates. We present an extremely premature neonate presenting with bullous lesions all over the body on day 20 of life. The lesions ruptured leaving erythematous, tender raw areas. Nikolsky's sign was positive and clinical diagnosis of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome was made. His blood culture grew Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. His umbilical swab culture grew S. aureus. The baby was treated with by cloxacillin, piperacillin/tazobactum and clindamycin. The lesions healed in 7 days. The baby was discharged with normal skin and normal neurological condition.
Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death in Cricketers
Authors: Kountouris Alex , Orchard John W , Puranik Rajesh , Semsarian Christopher , Orchard Jessica J , Samra David , Duflou Johan , Groenestein Patrick , Young Mark , Brukner Peter 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Aims
Sudden death in cricketers is rare, with the most common causes being cardiac, neurological (head/neck trauma, mainly from ball impact) and environmental (e.g., lightning strike and heat stroke, the former which usually involves cardiac arrest). The aim of this study was to review possible prevention of sudden cardiac death and make recommendations.

Materials and methods
A literature review of possible causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) among cricketers was performed, along with evaluation of evidence for existing preventative measures. The method for evaluation was expert panel (cardiology and sports medicine) consensus recommendations based on the published evidence base.

Results
Potential cardiac causes of sudden death while playing cricket can be divided into the following categories: (1) atraumatic-origin preexisting arrhythmias, cardiomyopathies and valve disorders (2) traumatic-origin arrhythmia (commotio cordis) (3) acquired coronary or valvular disease (4) viral myocarditis (5) Lightning strike. Preventive measures can be divided into pre-season (e.g., cardiovascular screening), prematch (e.g., assessment of viral illness), protective equipment (e.g., chest guards) and post-event (presence of first aid response including defibrillators). Our panel agreed that there was strong evidence that (1) trained and planned emergency response particularly with a defibrillator is effective at preventing SCD and (2) ceasing play in the presence of lightning strikes prevents lightning-related death (3) players with symptoms, risk factors or history suggestive of possible cardiac disease should undertake specific individual workup. There are other potential methods to prevent SCD, with expert level recommendations made in the absence of strong evidence.

Discussion and conclusion
The most controversial aspect of prevention of SCD is electrocardiogram (ECG) screening of asymptomatic players and this paper outlines the arguments both in favor and against without fully resolving the debate. The possible increase in early diagnosis of potentially life-threatening cases needs to be balanced against the risk of false positive results which may lead to discussion of exclusion from cricket. Cardiac workup is clearly of net benefit to symptomatic individuals (e.g. history of syncope, chest pain) or any player at higher than usual baseline risk (e.g., positive family history). Basic life support including access to defibrillators should be available with trained personnel wherever they can be afforded, which has strong evidence in favor of improving survival at the time of cardiac arrest.

How to cite this article
Orchard JW, Puranik R, Semsarian C, Orchard JJ, Samra D, Duflou J, Groenestein P, Young M, Brukner P, Kountouris A. Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death in Cricketers. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(2):49-58.
Feasibility of Using Mobile Smartphone Camera as an Imaging Device for Screening of Cervical Cancer in a Low-resource Setting
Authors: Bagga Rashmi , Keswarpu Payal , Naik Sarif Kumar , Chandrasekhar Vidya , Gupta Lovi , Paul Soubhik 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective
The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of a screening method for cervical cancer using an application developed on smartphone to aid visual inspection with acetic acid.

Materials and methods
A prospective study was carried out in 230 women in the Department of Gynaecology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. These women were divided into two groups. Among the first group, screen positive women (n = 28) were examined by two gynecologists. In the second group (n = 202), health care workers screened women in a mobile van. The two groups were examined using the smartphone and digital colposcope. Abnormal findings were confirmed by liquid-based cytology and histopathology. The image quality of ColpPhon® was compared with colposcopic images as the gold standard. Kappa was used for comparison of ColpPhon® and colposcopic findings for final diagnosis.

Results
Among the 230 women screened, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was diagnosed in six cases by histopathology (CIN 2/3 in five and CIN 1 in one). These six women belonged to the group of 28 women examined in the colposcopy clinic. Both colposcope and ColpPhon® were able to identify these six women. The individual image quality parameters for ColpPhon® were slightly inferior to the colposcope. The overall image clarity had an agreement in 82% (184/225) as being either good or excellent. The diagnosis made on images acquired from each device had an agreement in 90% (208/230) of the cases.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates feasibility of incorporating a smartphone device to capture images of the cervix for improving cervical cancer screening in resource-poor countries.

How to cite this article
Bagga R, Suri V, Srinivasan R, Khandelwal N, Keswarpu P, Naik SK, Chandrasekhar V, Gupta L, Paul S. Feasibility of Using Mobile Smartphone Camera as an Imaging Device for Screening of Cervical Cancer in a Lowresource Setting. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(2):69-74.
Bisphosphonates in Orthopedics: Evidence-based Review of Indications and Adverse Effects
Authors: Dhillon Mandeep , Aggarwal Sameer , Gahlot Nitesh , Saini Uttam Chand 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are clinically the most important class of antiresorptive agents available to treat diseases characterized by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. These agents have a potent effect on the skeleton and are in common use for treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and metastatic bone disease in adults as well as in the treatment of pediatric disorders, such as osteogenesis imperfecta, Perthes’ disease, and fibrous dysplasia. Although initial investigations had demonstrated an acceptable safety profile of bisphosphonate drugs, but recently this has been questioned by some authors. In this article, we review the chemistry, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of these agents in brief and the orthopedic applications as well as adverse effects in detail.

How to cite this article
Aggarwal S, Gahlot N, Saini UC, Dhillon MS. Bisphosphonates in Orthopedics: Evidencebased Review of Indications and Adverse Effects. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(2):75-85.
Vitamin D reduces Exacerbation in Children with Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Agarwal Amit , Chauhan Anil , Jaiswal Nishant , Singh Manvi , Thumburu Kiran Kumar , Chauhan Shailender Singh , Dhatwalia Sunil , Bhende Mananda S , Singh Meenu 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Aim
The question whether treatment with vitamin D improves asthma exacerbations in children and adults still needs to be addressed.

Background
Recent studies in children and adults found a higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis D associated with a higher severity of asthma and impaired pulmonary function. In asthmatic children, patients with vitamin D deficiency demonstrated increased airway hyperresponsiveness and corticosteroid requirements.

Results
Of 469 records/studies identified through database searching, 5 studies were included in this systematic review. The overall pooled effect showed a significant reduction in acute asthma exacerbation in the vitamin D group (odds ratio 0.45, 95% confidence interval 0.22—0.93). There were no studies that focus on the quality of life.

Conclusion
This systematic review supports the role of vitamin D in reducing the number of asthma exacerbations in children but not in adults.

Clinical significance
The present systematic review demonstrates reduction in asthma exacerbations in children. Most of the asthma children are on inhaled corticosteroid, which poses a threat for its side effects. However, vitamin D having multiple functions in body could be used as an alternative therapy in asthmatic children. In adults, more trials are needed wherein the deficient individuals are supplemented with vitamin D and further assessed for asthma exacerbations. There is no harm in supplementation of vitamin D to deficient and insufficient asthmatic individuals.

How to cite this article
Chauhan A, Singh M, Jaiswal N, Thumburu KK, Agarwal A, Chauhan SS, Dhatwalia S, Bhende MS, Singh M. Vitamin D reduces Exacerbation in Children with Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(2):86-92.
Can Physiotherapists be trained to work in Critical Care utilizing Clinical Simulation?
Authors: Dennis Diane , Marsh Lisa 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Aims
The intensive care unit (ICU) is an acute area requiring significant expertise and training. This study aimed to see if a novel package of simulation training of physiotherapists in ICU physiotherapy competencies would promote confidence and be less stressful compared to traditional training. The secondary aim was to see if simulation training was less costly in terms of training time and whether additional support staff hours required.

Materials and methods
Fifteen physiotherapists participated in the study, with two trainee cohorts (traditional, n = 5; simulation, n = 5) and supervising staff (n = 5). A simulation training program was implemented over 6 half days during 2013/2014. All participants then completed follow-up questionnaires. Data were also collected relating to training costs and cost of support provided to the trainee on commencement of independent work in the ICU.

Results
Respondents reported that simulation was extremely useful (> 4.75) and likely to reduce stress and improve confidence (> 3.8). All training components were useful (> 3.4) with simulation trainees perceiving the highest usefulness (4—4.8). Simulation training took less time per trainee (mean 3 vs 4.4 days), and less trainer time (total 9 vs 22 days). Costs incurred during 1st week of independent work were similar.

Discussion
This study has demonstrated that the delivery of a novel package of simulation scenarios was successful in improving the confidence of inexperienced physiotherapists moving into the ICU setting. The mode of up-skilling was also less expensive compared to the existing training model. Simulation may be useful for other health professionals in the critical care environment.

How to cite this article
Dennis D, Marsh L. Can Physiotherapists be trained to Work in Critical Care utilizing Clinical Simulation? J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):136-140.
Problems of Injury Surveillance and Documentation in Cricket: Indian Experience
Authors: Prabhakar Sharad , Dhillon Mandeep , Garg Bhavuk , Dhillon Sidak 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Cricket is the most prevalent and popular sport in India. Its expansion, including recent inclusion of T20 format over the last decade, has placed greater demands on cricketers and led to an increased incidence of injuries worldwide. Worldwide, in all forms of sport, successful injury prevention requires ongoing injury surveillance as a fundamental process. Unfortunately, injury surveillance is not the norm in Indian sports. We do not have any specific documentation protocol for documenting injury patterns, causative mechanisms, and analyzing the incidence of different cricket-related injuries in players of different ages except the Aclass test players. Despite being the most popular team sport in India, there is just a single publication in the medical literature reporting cricket injuries from India. This article reviews the burden of cricket injuries in both national and international perspective and emphasizes the potential and need of an injury surveillance program to improve cricket sport in India.

How to cite this article
Dhillon M, Garg B, Dhillon S, Prabhakar S. Problems of Injury Surveillance and Documentation in Cricket: Indian Experience. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):148-150.
Evaluation of European air quality modelled by CAMx including the volatility
basis set scheme
Authors: Ciarelli Giancarlo , Aksoyoglu Sebnem , Crippa Monica , Jimenez Jose-Luis , Nemitz Eriko , Sellegri Karine , Äijälä Mikko , Carbone Samara , Mohr Claudia , O'Dowd Colin , Poulain Laurent , Baltensperger Urs , Prévôt André S. H. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract. Four periods of EMEP (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme) intensive measurement campaigns (June 2006, January 2007, September–October 2008 and February–March 2009) were modelled using the regional air quality model CAMx with VBS (volatility basis set) approach for the first time in Europe within the framework of the EURODELTA-III model intercomparison exercise. More detailed analysis and sensitivity tests were performed for the period of February–March 2009 and June 2006 to investigate the uncertainties in emissions as well as to improve the modelling of organic aerosol (OA). Model performance for selected gas phase species and PM2.5 was evaluated using the European air quality database AirBase. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) were found to be overestimated for all the four periods, with O3 having the largest mean bias during June 2006 and January–February 2007 periods (8.9 pbb and 12.3 ppb mean biases respectively). In contrast, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) were found to be underestimated for all the four periods. CAMx reproduced both total concentrations and monthly variations of PM2.5 for all the four periods with average biases ranging from −2.1 to 1.0 µg m−3. Comparisons with AMS (aerosol mass spectrometer) measurements at different sites in Europe during February–March 2009 showed that in general the model overpredicts the inorganic aerosol fraction and underpredicts the organic one, such that the good agreement for PM2.5 is partly due to compensation of errors. The effect of the choice of VBS scheme on OA was investigated as well. Two sensitivity tests with volatility distributions based on previous chamber and ambient measurements data were performed. For February–March 2009 the chamber case reduced the total OA concentrations by about 42 % on average. In contrast, a test based on ambient measurement data increased OA concentrations by about 42 % for the same period bringing model and observations into better agreement. Comparison with the AMS data at the rural Swiss site Payerne in June 2006 shows no significant improvement in modelled OA concentration. Further sensitivity tests with increased biogenic and anthropogenic emissions suggest that OA in Payerne was affected by changes in emissions from residential heating during the February–March 2009 whereas it was more sensitive to biogenic precursors in June 2006.
“Coloniality of power” in East Central Europe: external penetration as internal force in post-socialist Hungarian politics
Authors: Gagyi Agnes 
Published: August 2016

Joining a series of analyses of effects of othering, orientalism, or coloniality in East Central Europe, the paper asks how long-term structural-ideological effects of global hierarchies, as reflected in post-colonial contexts by the term “coloniality of power,” can be conceptualized for East Central Europe. In a case study of political polarization in post-socialist Hungary,it examines the effects of global integration, claiming that two dominant economic-political blocks formed along a division of vertical alliances related to integration with either Western or national capital. From those positions, they developed divergent political ideologies of development: modernization through Western integration, versus the protection of “national” wealth from Western capital and its local allies. While both propagated capitalist integration, they each needed to develop ideologies that appealed to electorates suffering the costs of integration. One framing of developmentalist emancipation promised Western modernity through rejection of popular, backward characteristics of the country, including nationalism. The other promised advancement in the global hierarchy through overcoming internal and external enemies of national development. These two, mutually reinforcing ideological positions, which I call“democratic antipopulism” and “antidemocratic populism,” denied the contradiction between elites’ and workers’ interest and perpetuated existing global hierarchies. Within the wider debate over cross-contextual applications of the notion of “coloniality of power,” and of emancipative efforts born from the “colonial wound,” the paper emphasizes the significance of the structural conditions, positions and alliances within which experiences of global domination are born and mobilized.
Eros After Nature
Authors: Rogers Chandler D. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
On ground shared by environmental hermeneutics, critical social theory, and environmentally minded feminism, this article attempts to conciliate between the nearly antithetical ethical viewpoints of environmental philosophers David Abram and Steven Vogel. It will demonstrate first that Abram's linguistic arguments for extending ethical considerability to nonhuman nature succumb to two of Vogel's debilitating critiques, which it labels the social constructivist critique and the discourse ethics critique, and secondly that Abram fails to guard against the problem of human-human oppression. The article also points out, on the other hand, that while Vogel evades the problem of human-human oppression, his view fails to protect against the problem of dangerous anthropocentrism. Operating within the boundaries that Vogel establishes, it will seek to avoid the pitfalls of Abram's view, to address the underlying ideology that leads to both types of oppression, and to eliminate the problem of dangerous anthropocentrism. To do so it draws upon the arguments of Trish Glazebrook, contending that Abram's appeals to the “speech” of nature can be more effectively conceptualized as erotic appeals, and that engaging in this call-and-response eros promotes the development of virtues that undermine our current ideology and extend to both the human and the nonhuman.
Dialogue in the Face of a Gun? Interfaith Dialogue and Limiting Mass Atrocities
Authors: Admirand Peter 
Published: August 2016

AbstractInterfaith dialogue can play an indispensable role in limiting, if not preventing, many mass atrocities which are fuelled by pernicious portraits of the Other. Genuine interfaith dialogue seeks to remove such barriers, identifying potential areas of understanding and commonality without undermining true distinctiveness and difference. The article consists of five main sections, which will analyse the importance of the following in the context of mass atrocity and interfaith dialogue: human nature, the hopes and limitations of dialogue, humility within such dialogues, the modes and levels of interfaith dialogue, and the highlighted example of Jewish-Christian dialogue.
Causation and Consequences in Monetary Policy: Are Federal Reserve Policies Based on an Inadequate Theory of Causal Responsibility?
Authors: Feldmann John 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This article enters the debate among central bankers, finance ministers and monetary theorists regarding the circumstances under which the dominant central bank is properly considered causally responsible for the adverse consequences of its monetary policy actions. Analyzing both the criticisms of the Federal Reserve for its QE (Quantitative Easing) and ZIRP (Zero Interest Rate Policy) policies and the Fed responses, this inquiry uses the categories of philosophers Hart, Honore, Feinberg, Davidson and others to demonstrate the different theories of causation at work and address the question of which idea of causal responsibility is most appropriate in monetary policy contexts.
Detentie van asielzoekers, de spoedige terugkeer van illegale vreemdelingen, en de openbare orde: het arrest J.N.
Authors: Cornelisse G. 
Published: August 2016

Detentie van asielzoekers, de spoedige terugkeer van illegale vreemdelingen, en de openbare orde: het arrest J.N.

In dit artikel wordt het arrest J.N. van het Hof van Justitie besproken. In het artikel wordt beargumenteerd dat het arrest spanningen blootlegt tussen het EHRM en het Unierecht als het gaat om de voorwaarden voor een rechtmatige bewaring van asielzoekers. Verder gaat het artikel in op de manier waarop het Hof van Justitie het Unierecht op het gebied van illegale migratie afbakent ten opzichte van het acquis op het gebied van het asielrecht. Ook wordt aandacht besteed aan de wijze waarop het Hof van Justitie het Unierechtelijke openbare-ordebegrip gebruikt om de uitoefening van nationale bevoegdheden op het gebied van het immigratierecht juridisch te toetsen en aldus controleerbaar te makenHvJ 15 februari 2016, zaak C-601/15 PPU, J.N./Staatssecretaris van Justitie, ECLI:EU:C:2016:84
Is de bestaansmiddeleneis de achilleshiel van het recht op vrij verkeer van personen?
Authors: Oosterom-Staples H. 
Published: August 2016

Is de bestaansmiddeleneis de achilleshiel van het recht op vrij verkeer van personen?
Op 25 februari 2016 deed het Hof van Justitie uitspraak in de zaak García-Nieto. Net als in de arresten Dano en Alimanovic stelt het Hof van Justitie in deze zaak vast dat een beroep op het socialezekerheidsstelsel van de gastlidstaat, gedaan door een EU-burger wiens verblijfsrecht veronderstelt dat er over voldoende bestaansmiddelen wordt beschikt, gevolgen heeft voor dat verblijfsrecht. Betrof het in de eerdere arresten het verblijfsrecht van inactieve en werkzoekende EU-burgers, in García-Nieto stond het verblijfsrecht in artikel 6 van Richtlijn 2004/38/EG centraal. Net als inactieven en werkzoekenden mogen lidstaten EU-burgers die nog geen drie maanden op hun grondgebied verblijven, uitsluiten van het genot van uitkeringen op grond van hun socialezekerheidsstelsel, zonder rekening te houden met de persoonlijke omstandigheden van de betrokkene, omdat de richtlijn zelf een ‘gradueel stelsel van behoud van de status (…) in het leven roept’ en aldus zelf rekening houdt met verschillende factoren die de positie van de aanvrager kenmerken. Wat betekent dit voor de belangenafweging die altijd centraal heeft gestaan in het recht op vrij verkeer van personen?HvJ 25 februari 2016, zaak C-299/14, Vestische Arbeit Jobcenter Kreis Recklinghausen/Jovanna García-Nieto e.a., ECLI:EU:C:2016:114