bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cosmic magnetization out from the vacuum
Authors: Campanelli Leonardo 
Published: August 2016

The large-scale magnetic fields we observe today in galaxies and galaxy clusters could be the result of a pure quantum effect taking place during inflation, to wit, the creation of particles (photons) out from the vacuum in a curved spacetime. We show that, whenever the conformal invariance of electromagnetism is broken during inflation, the actual magnetic field spectrum, in the classical limit, is given by [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the number of created photons with wave number [Formula: see text]. In particular, a scale-invariant magnetic field of order of 10[Formula: see text] G can emerge in the simplest model of cosmic magnetogenesis, the one where the inflaton is kinetically coupled to the photon. Moreover, and contrarily to the general belief, we show that such a model is free from the so-called strong-coupling and backreaction problems. This conclusion follows, indirectly, from the observation that post-inflationary electric currents, which in the literature are incorrectly supposed to freeze superhorizon magnetic fields after inflation, are indeed vanishing on superhorizon scales due to causality.
Afastamento e retorno ao trabalho: relatos de servidores públicos municipais
Authors: Toniolo Ana Carolina , Lussi Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira 
Published: August 2016

objetivo do estudo foi verificar qual(is) suporte(s) trabalhadores afastados por transtornos mentais e do comportamento receberam no momento do afastamento do trabalho, mas,especialmente, no retorno às atividades, após receberem benefício auxílio-doença concedido pelo INSS. Participaram do estudo sete trabalhadores de uma Prefeitura Municipal do interior do estado de São Paulo, que conseguiram retornar às atividades de trabalho após serem afastados por 30 dias ou mais com diagnóstico primário de Transtornos Mentais e do Comportamento, no período de janeiro de 2008 a dezembro de 2012. A coleta de dados se deu por meio do preenchimento de um protocolo de informações pessoais, profissionais e referentes ao processo de afastamento e retorno ao trabalho e da aplicação de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Para análise dos dados, foi utilizada a técnica de Análise Temática. Osresultados mostraram que os participantes identificam família, amigos, profissionais da saúde e da prefeitura e eles mesmos como suporte durante o afastamento e no retorno às atividades de trabalho.
Retorno ao trabalho de trabalhadores com amputação de dedos em Curitiba, PR, Brasil
Authors: Simonelli Angela Paula , Jackson Filho José Marçal , Lessa Schneider Bruna Roberta , Machado Débora Regina 
Published: August 2016

O retorno ao trabalho de trabalhadores, vítimas de traumas de membros superiores, é determinado, não apenas por sua condição física ou biomédica, mas também por fatores psicosociais, organizacionais e ocupacionais. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar o retorno ao trabalho de um grupo de 15 sujeitos que tiveram dedos amputados em acidentes de trabalho, tratados no ambulatório de terapia ocupacional do Hospital do Trabalhador de Curitiba, PR noano de 2012. Foi aplicado um questionário buscando informações sobre: dados sócio-demográficos, grau e mecanismo da lesão, função laboral anterior a lesão, retorno ao trabalho, função exercida após retorno e, limitações e ou dificuldades ao exercer a atividadede trabalho atual. Os resultados mostraram que dos 15 sujeitos a maioria foi re-inserida na função que exercia anteriormente, porém, muitos alegaram dificuldades na execução de suas atividades após seis meses do retorno. Isto indica a necessidade de acompanhamento no processo de retorno ao trabalho a fim de permitir a adequação das situações de trabalho aos trabalhadores re-inseridos ou estratégias para busca de outros tipos de trabalho.
Gestante agricultora: agravos e riscos ocupacionais
Authors: Ferraz Lucimare , Marchiori Paula Marco 
Published: August 2016

O processo gestacional requer acompanhamento pré-natal e os aspectos relacionados ao ambiente de trabalho da gestante devem ser considerados. Este estudo objetivou apresentar os agravos e riscos ocupacionais nos processos laborais de gestantes trabalhadoras rurais. A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa foi realizada em seis unidades de Estratégia Saúde daFamília que abrangem a área rural de um município do Oeste catarinense. Participaram do estudo sete gestantes trabalhadoras rurais, quatro médicos e quatro enfermeiros. Para a coleta de dados realizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas e observações dos ambientes de trabalho das gestantes. Os resultados apontam que na atividade laboral das gestantes há diversas exposições a riscos químicos, físicos, biológicos, de acidentes e ergonômicos,potencialmente agravados frente ao não uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual. Frente a essa realidade, evidencia-se a importância de novos estudos que busquem identificar riscose meios para mitigar os problemas ocupacionais da gestante trabalhadora rural.
Increased Frontal Lobe Activation After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: da Costa Leodante , Dunkley Benjamin T. , Bethune Allison , Robertson Amanda , Keller Anne , Pang Elizabeth W. 
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose—
Neurocognitive deficits are common among survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, even among those with good outcomes and no structural lesions. This study aims to probe the neurophysiological underpinnings of cognitive dysfunction among patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms using magnetoencephalography (MEG).

Methods—
Thirteen patients who had undergone uncomplicated coiling for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and 13 matched controls were enrolled. Neuropsychological tests were done before magnetoencephalography scans. Magnetoencephalography data were acquired in a 151-channel, whole-head magnetoencephalography system for resting state and 2 cognitive tasks (go-no-go and set-shifting). Mean time from treatment to test was 18.8 months.

Results—

Cognitive tasks of inhibition (go-no-go) indicated greater activation in the right anterior cingulate and inferior frontal gyrus, and cognitive set-shifting tasks (mental flexibility) indicated greater activity in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex and right medial frontal gyrus among aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients, with significantly different timing of activation between groups. Resting-state, beta-band connectivity of the anterior cingulate correlated negatively with Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores (left:
r
=−0.56;
P
<0.01 and right:
r
=−0.55;
P
<0.01): higher connectivity of this region was linked to poorer cognitive test performance.

Conclusions—
We have shown increased activation in areas of the anterior cingulate gyrus and frontobasal regions during the execution of more demanding tasks in good grade. The degree of activation in the anterior cingulate gyrus has a negative correlation with cognitive (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) scores. These subtle differences may be related to the common neurocognitive and behavioral complaints seen in this patient population.
The Unkempt Heritage: On the Role of Latin in the Arabic-Islamic Sphere
Authors: König Daniel G. 
Published: August 2016

As linguistic systems, Latin and Arabic have interacted for centuries. The article at hand aims at analysing the status of the Latin language in the Arab and Arabic-Islamic sphere. Starting out from the observation that Latin-Christian and Arabic-Islamic scholarship dedicated a very different degree of attention to the study of the respective ‘other’ language in the course of the centuries, the article traces the impact of Latin on an emerging Arabic language in Antiquity, provides an overview on the various references to Latin found in works of Arabic-Islamic scholarship produced in the medieval and modern periods, and provides an exhaustive list of Arabic translations of Latin texts. A description of the role played by Latin in the Arabic-speaking world of our times is followed by a discussion of several hypotheses that try to explain why Latin was rarely studied systematically in the Arabic-Islamic sphere before the twentieth century.
Le latin et l’arabe, en tant que systèmes linguistiques, furent en interaction pendant des siècles. Le présent article a pour objectif d’analyser le statut de la langue latine dans le monde arabe et arabo-musulman. Partant de l’observation que les érudits latins chrétiens et arabo-musulmans se consacrèrent à différents degrés à l’étude de la langue de « l’Autre », l’article retrace l’impact du latin sur une langue arabe émergeant dans l’Antiquité, donne un aperçu des références à la langue latine dans les œuvres des érudits arabo-musulmans produites aux époques médiévale et moderne, et fournit une liste exhaustive des traductions des textes latins en arabe. Après avoir esquissé le statut actuel de la langue latine dans le monde arabophone de nos jours, l’article aborde plusieurs hypothèses qui essaient d’expliquer pourquoi le latin n’a guère été un objet d’études systématiques dans le monde arabo-musulman avant le xxe siècle.
This article is in English.
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Estimation Using RVM and DADI Based on Infrared Brightness Temperature
Authors: Zhang Chang-Jiang , Qian Jin-Fang , Ma Lei-Ming , Lu Xiao-Qin 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
An objective technique is presented to estimate tropical cyclone intensity using the relevance vector machine (RVM) and deviation angle distribution inhomogeneity (DADI) based on infrared satellite images of the northwest Pacific Ocean basin from China’s FY-2C geostationary satellite. Using this technique, structures of a deviation-angle gradient co-occurrence matrix, which include 15 statistical parameters nonlinearly related to tropical cyclone intensity, were derived from infrared satellite imagery. RVM was then used to relate these statistical parameters to tropical cyclone intensity. Twenty-two tropical cyclones occurred in the northwest Pacific during 2005–09 and were selected to verify the performance of the proposed technique. The results show that, in comparison with the traditional linear regression method, the proposed technique can significantly improve the accuracy of tropical cyclone intensity estimation. The average absolute error of intensity estimation using the linear regression method is between 15 and 29 m s−1. Compared to the linear regression method, the average absolute error of the intensity estimation using RVM is between 3 and 10 m s−1.
Virtual Burglary
Authors: van Gelder Jean-Louis , Nee Claire , Otte Marco , Demetriou Andrew , van Sintemaartensdijk Iris , van Prooijen Jan-Willem 
Published: August 2016

Objectives: This article explores the potential of virtual reality (VR) to study burglary by measuring user responses on the subjective, physiological, and behavioral levels. Furthermore, it examines the influence of individual dispositions, such as sensation seeking and self-control, on behavior during a virtual burglary event. Methods: Participants, male university undergraduates ( N = 77), could freely move around a virtual neighborhood wearing a VR headset and using a game controller and were instructed to burgle one of the houses in the neighborhood. Participant movement, items stolen from the house, and heart rate (HR) were recorded throughout the burglary event. Individual dispositions were measured before, and subjective user responses were measured after, the event. Additionally, we experimentally varied whether there was an alarm sounding and participants’ beliefs about the chance of getting caught (deterrence). Results: Participants reacted subjectively to the burglary event by reporting high levels of presence in the virtual environment (VE) and physiologically by showing increased HRs. In terms of behavior, high deterrence resulted in fewer items being stolen and a shorter burglary. Furthermore, sensation seekers stole more valuable items, while participants high in conscientiousness stole fewer items. Conclusions: The results suggest that VEs have substantial potential for studying criminal behavior.
Single versus multiple lung biopsies for suspected interstitial lung disease
Authors: Khalil Mohammed , Cowen Michael , Chaudhry Mubarak , Loubani Mahmoud 
Published: August 2016

Background There is a belief that in patients with suspected interstitial lung disease, multiple biopsies from different lobes are more likely to result in a diagnosis. We compared the results of single biopsies with those of multiple biopsies in terms of positive yield of histological diagnoses and the patients’ postoperative outcomes. Methods Data of 115 patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy, between 2009 and 2015, for suspected interstitial lung disease were analyzed retrospectively and grouped according to single or multiple lung biopsies. High-resolution computed tomography of the chest was reviewed prior to the procedure, and the most appropriate areas for sampling were chosen. Data analysis was carried out with the Mann-Whitney U test, using MedCalc version 16.1 statistical software. Results Of the 115 patients, 67 had a single biopsy and 48 had more than one biopsy. A histological diagnosis was arrived at in all cases. The duration of chest drainage ( p = 0.033) and postoperative hospital stay ( p = 0.012) were longer in the multiple-biopsies group . Conclusion A single lung biopsy is sufficient to arrive at a diagnosis of interstitial lung disease when the sampling site is guided by high-resolution computed tomography and a multidisciplinary approach. Multiple biopsies are less cost-effective, offer no added advantage in terms of diagnostic yield, and are associated with more morbidities and a longer hospital stay.
Paclitaxel pre-medication: A comparison of two steroid pre-medication protocols
Authors: Yenilmez Ayberk , Hood Annette P , Nguyen Lien H , Merl Man Y 
Published: August 2016

Purpose To evaluate and compare the rate of hypersensitivity reactions between two low-dose steroid pre-medication regimens for paclitaxel-based treatments. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective, descriptive study, comparing the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions in two different dexamethasone pre-medication regimens that took place between July 2013 to December 2014. Patients who were paclitaxel-naïve with a diagnosis of breast or gynecological cancers were included. Patients in the early termination protocol were pre-medicated with a standard pre-medication regimen and if tolerated with no hypersensitivity reaction occurrence, all pre-medications were discontinued after the first two infusions. Patients in the low-dose steroid continuation protocol were pre-medicated with lower doses of dexamethasone, and if the infusion was tolerated with no hypersensitivity reaction, dexamethasone doses were further reduced after the first two infusions. Results A total of 120 patients were included for data analysis. The hypersensitivity reaction rate in the early termination protocol group was 7% (4 out of 60 patients). The hypersensitivity reaction rate in the low-dose continuation protocol group was 5% (3 out of 60 patients). All hypersensitivity reactions occurred during the first infusion, with no hypersensitivity reactions occurring once the dexamethasone pre-medications were discontinued or dose-reduced. All of the patients who experienced a hypersensitivity reaction were successfully re-challenged with paclitaxel and were able to continue their therapy uninterrupted. Conclusion Discontinuing dexamethasone pre-medication altogether after two uneventful infusions or decreasing the dose of dexamethasone paclitaxel pre-medication are both safe alternatives to high-dose steroid pre-medications recommended in product labeling.
Overcoming the tyranny of distance: An audit of process and outcomes from a pilot telehealth spinal assessment clinic
Authors: Beard Matthew , Orlando Joseph F , Kumar Saravana 
Published: August 2016

Introduction There is consistent evidence to indicate people living in rural and remote regions have limited access to healthcare and poorer health outcomes. One way to address this inequity is through innovative models of care such as telehealth. The aim of this pilot trial was to determine the feasibility, appropriateness and access to a telehealth clinic. In this pilot trial, the telehealth clinic outcomes are compared with the outreach clinic. Both models of care are commonly utilised means of providing healthcare to meet the needs of people living in rural and remote regions. Methods A prospective audit was conducted on a Spinal Assessment Clinic Telehealth pilot trial for patients with spinal disorders requiring non-urgent surgical consultation. Data were recorded from all consultations managed using videoconferencing technology between the Royal Adelaide Hospital and Port Augusta Community Health Service, South Australia between September 2013 and January 2014. Outcomes included analysis of process, service activity, clinical actions, safety and costs. Data were compared to a previous spinal assessment outreach clinic in the same area between August and December 2012. Results There were 25 consultations with 22 patients over the five-month telehealth pilot trial. Spinal disorders were predominantly of the lumbar region (88%); the majority of initial consultations (64%) were discharged to the general practitioner. There were three requests for further imaging, five for minor interventions and three for other specialist/surgical consultation. Patient follow-up post telehealth pilot trial revealed no adverse outcomes. The total cost of AUD$11,187 demonstrated a 23% reduction in favour of the spinal assessment telehealth pilot trial, with the greatest savings in travel costs. Discussion The telehealth model of care demonstrated the efficient management of patients with spinal disorders in rural regions requiring non-urgent surgical consultation at low costs with no adverse outcomes reported.
Influence of health warnings on the use of rosiglitazone and pioglitazone in an area of Spain: A time-series study
Authors: Carracedo-Martínez Eduardo , Pia-Morandeira Agustin 
Published: August 2016

Background: Throughout 2007 and January 2008, several glitazones health warnings were published on rosiglitazone myocardial infarction risk. The impact of such warnings on glitazones prevalence of utilization has been extensively studied in the United States but only in one European country (England), which has showed different pattern from US studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of such safety warnings on glitazones utilization in an area of another European country. Methods: We calculated the number of defined daily doses per thousand inhabitants per day of glitazones each month during the period from 2006 to 2008 in a health area of Spain. We analyzed the data graphically and through a segmented regression analysis. Results: Rosiglitazone defined daily doses per thousand inhabitants per day were growing before the safety warnings, after the warnings a change in trend occurred and rosiglitazone utilization showed a downturn slope. Pioglitazone defined daily doses per thousand inhabitants per day were stable before the safety warnings, and a linear growth was observed after the safety warnings. Throughout the study period, rosiglitazone defined daily doses per thousand inhabitants per day were higher than pioglitazone defined daily doses per thousand inhabitants per day until near the end of 2008. Conclusion: Despite the fact that cardiovascular warnings affected rosiglitazone and not pioglitazone, rosiglitazone was more utilized than pioglitazone until near the end of 2008 which is a pattern similar to the one found in another European studies in England, but very different from studies in the United States, where rosiglitazone was less utilized than pioglitazone from the first month after rosiglitazone cardiovascular safety warnings.
Gene expression–based discovery of atovaquone as a STAT3 inhibitor and anticancer agent
Authors: Xiang Michael , Kim Haesook , Ho Vincent T. , Walker Sarah R. , Bar-Natan Michal , Anahtar Melodi , Liu Suhu , Toniolo Patricia A. , Kroll Yasmin , Jones Nichole , Giaccone Zachary T. , Heppler Lisa N. , Ye Darwin Q. , Marineau Jason J. , Shaw Daniel , Bradner James E. , Blonquist Traci , Neuberg Donna , Hetz Claudio , Stone Richard M. , Soiffer Robert J. , Frank David A. 
Published: August 2016

Key PointsThe FDA-approved drug atovaquone is a novel, clinically available inhibitor of STAT3 at standard human plasma concentrations. Atovaquone shows anticancer efficacy in vitro, in vivo, and in a retrospective study of AML patient outcomes after atovaquone treatment.
Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations reveal the structural and molecular properties of levan-type fructo-oligosaccharides of various chain lengths
Authors: Kanjanatanin Pongsakorn , Pichyangkura Rath , Chunsrivirot Surasak 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Background
Levan and levan-type fructo-oligosaccharides (LFOs) have various potential applications in pharmaceutical and food industries due to their beneficial properties such as their low intrinsic viscosity and high water solubility. Previous studies showed that they exhibited prebiotic effects, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities against Sarcoma-180 tumor cells of human. Despite their various potential applications, the structural and molecular properties of LFOs of various chain lengths are not well understood.

Results
We employed the replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations method (REMD) in AMBER14 to elucidate structural and molecular properties of LFOs with chain lengths of 5 (LFO5), 10 (LFO10) and 15 (LFO15) residues in two models of generalized Born implicit solvent (GBHCT and GBOBC1). For LFO10 and LFO15, four distinct conformations (helix-like, partial helix, zig-zag and random structures) were characterized by their upper-middle and lower-middle torsions. For LFO5, two distinct conformations (partial helix and random structures) were characterized by their middle torsion and molecular angle of residues 1, 3 and 5. To determine hydrogen bonds important for the formation of helix-like structures of LFO10 and LFO15, occurrence frequencies of hydrogen bonds were analyzed, and the O6(i)--H3O(i+1) hydrogen bond was found with the highest frequency, suggesting its importance in helix formation. Among three dihedral angles between two fructosyl units [ϕ (O5’-C2’-O6-C6), ψ (C2’-O6-C6-C5) and ω (O6-C6-C5-C4)], dihedral angle distributions showed that ω was the most flexible dihedral angle and probably responsible for conformational differences of LFOs.

Conclusions
Our study provides important insights into the structural and molecular properties of LFOs, which tend to form helical structures as the chain length increases from 5 to 15 residues. This information could be beneficial for the selection of LFOs with appropriate lengths and properties for pharmaceutical and biological applications.