bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TISSUE TYPING BY MEANS OF PCR AND CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS: NEW ASPECTS, REALITY AND ISSUES
Authors: Bavykin A. S. 
Published: April 2017

«When the DNA is not enough» – an issue that becoming popular among forensic biologists [1]. The reasons for that are methods of tissue typing, that have limited accuracy and gradually becoming obsolete. The purpose of this review is to discuss the integration of new mRNA markers to the routine genetic forensic practice. The review discusses possibilities of utilizing the developed mRNA biomarkers for tissue typing as well as the approaches of combining gene expression analyses with standard sample workflow in forensic and criminal laboratories. Based on data obtained by the foreign researches, new mRNA markers are quite compatible with classical protocols, including PCR and capillary electrophoresis, increase the specificity of immunological methods and do not require rejection of their use. In the near future we can expect commercially developed tissue specific and multiplex assays at markets abroad. Although population diversity of genetic expression does not allow to create a universal multiplex panel, nevertheless the existing tissue mRNA panel can be enriched by the national features.
PERFIL DE PRODUÇÃO E COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DO ORA-PRO-NOBIS EM DOIS CONTEXTOS REGIONAIS DE MINAS GERAIS: PERSPECTIVAS DE AGREGAÇÃO DE VALOR
Authors: Souza Maria Regina De Miranda , Milagres Cléverson Silva Ferreira , Pereira Rafael Gustavo Faria , Pinto Claudia Lucia de Oliveira , Caixeta Glória Zélia Teixeira , Pereira Paulo Roberto Gomes 
Published: April 2017

Plantas tradicionais como ora-pro-nobis, podem contribuir para a diversificação agrícola e segurança alimentar. A falta de um sistema de produção e comercialização dificulta o seu resgate e disseminação. Objetivouse identificar o perfil da produção e da comercialização do ora-pro-nobis em três contextos regionais de Minas Gerais, além das possibilidades de agregação de valor ao produto, que motivem e orientem a sua produção e comercialização em bases mais seguras. Nesta pesquisa, caracterizaram-se esses aspectos por meio de visitas a feiras e propriedades em Sabará, Viçosa e Belo Horizonte - Minas Gerais, Brasil. Em Viçosa, os produtores cultivam de 1 a 11 plantasde ora-pro-nobis em locais marginais da propriedade. A oferta de ora-pro-nobis é esporádica, em molhos de 300 a 700 g e preços entre R$ 1,00 a R$ 1,80. Em Sabará, a produção chega a 200 plantas em uma das propriedades selecionadas, onde o produto é vendido em sacos plásticos com 250 g de folhas, de R$ 2,00 a R$ 3,00. O mesmoconteúdo em bandejas de isopor é comercializado por R$ 4,00, em hipermercados de Belo Horizonte. A produção e comercialização de ora-pro-nobis é ainda rudimentar o que dificulta seu estabelecimento como cultura agrícola e produto comercial no contexto avaliado. Os preços praticados, a tradição cultural, o possível aumento de escala, a regularidade de oferta e a apresentação conveniente, em especial o uso de embalagens em saco plástico e bandeja de isopor, agregam valor ao produto proporcionando maior geração de renda. Esses fatores conjugados tornam o ora-pro-nobis uma alternativa atraente de renda e inserção do agricultor familiar no mercado.
DIVERSIDADE GENÉTICA DO FLORESCIMENTO DE Anacardium humile A. St. Hill NO SUDOESTE GOIANO
Authors: Pereira Laísse Danielle , Costa Maraíza Lima , Pinto Jefferson Fernando Naves , Assunção Hildeu Ferreira da , Reis Edésio Fialho dos , Silva Danielle Fabíola Pereira da 
Published: April 2017

Entre as fruteiras nativas do cerrado com potencial para exploração comercial, destaca-se o cajuzinhodo-cerrado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento do florescimento e a diversidade genéticade cajuzinho-do-cerrado proveniente de sete municípios do Cerrado Goiano. O trabalho foi conduzido dentro da coleção Biológica “ex situ” de Anacardium humile A. St. Hil, na área de recursos genéticos da UFG Regional Jataí, que contém 640 plantas provenientes de 14 municípios. Dentro desta coleção, foram avaliados acessos gerados de planta-mãe com sementes advindas de sete municípios (Caiapônia, Chapadão do Céu, Itarumã, Jataí, Mineiros, Portelândia e Serranópolis). Entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2016 cada acesso foi avaliadoquanto às características de florescimento: número de plantas em pleno florescimento e os resultados expressos em %; número de flores por cada acesso de cada município, através de contagem direta; comprimento médio da flor e largura da flor; número de ramificações através de contagem direta. Os resultados foram submetidosà análise descritiva, obtendo-se média, mínimo, máximo, coeficiente de variação e importância relativa dos caracteres para variação total. Foi utilizada, também, à análise multivariada estimando-se a distância euclidiana média obtida a partir dos sete ambientes de coleta de cajuzinho-do-cerrado, avaliados com base nos atributosdo florescimento analisados. A medida de similaridade e agrupamento dos ambientes de coleta foi feita pelo algoritmo de otimização de Tocher e dendrograma UPGMA. Plantas dos municípios Itarumã, Serranópolise Portelândia apresentaram maior percentual de florescimento. Para número de flores por município maior destaque foi observado para Serranópolis, Jataí e Itarumã. Existe variabilidade genética entre os acessos estudados, mesmo em áreas próximas, constatou-se existência de considerável diversidade o que possibilita indicar acessosmais promissores para ambientes agricultáveis e que apresentam maior precocidade.
Advances in Scanning Transmission X‐Ray Microscopy for Elucidating Soil Biogeochemical Processes at the Submicron Scale
Authors: Stuckey Jason W. , Yang Jianjun , Wang Jian , Sparks Donald L. 
Published: April 2017

Organic matter, minerals, and microorganisms are spatially associated in complex organo‐mineral assemblages within soils. A mechanistic understanding of processes occurring within organo‐mineral assemblages requires noninvasive techniques that minimize any disturbance to the physical and chemical integrity of the sample. Synchrotron‐based soft (50–2200 eV) X‐ray spectromicroscopic techniques, including scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy (STXM), transmission X‐ray microscopy (TXM), X‐ray photoemission electron microscopy (X‐PEEM), and scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM), coupled with microspectroscopy (e.g., near‐edge X‐ray absorption fine structure; NEXAFS) allow for determining the spatial association and speciation of most elements found in soils while maintaining sample integrity. This review highlights application of the four spectromicroscopic techniques mentioned above to soil biogeochemical research, with particular emphasis on STXM‐NEXAFS, which has contributed to the greatest set of advancements in the understanding of soil organo‐mineral interactions, including mineral control on organic carbon cycling and the mechanisms of biomineral formation.Core Ideas
Analysis of soil processes requires techniques able to speciate light and heavy elements.
STXM‐NEXAFS determines the speciation of spatially associated light and heavy elements.
STXM‐NEXAFS enables elucidation of microaggregate and biomineral formation mechanisms.
Advances in synchrotron‐based STXM will allow for wavelength‐limited spatial resolution.
GALOS EM COMBATE NA PARAÍBA: O DESCUMPRIMENTO DA LEGISLAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Escobar Marco Lunardi , Aguiar José Otávio , Zagui Paula Apolinário 
Published: April 2017

<p>Este texto, que faz parte do projeto de estudo concluído na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, propõe-se a analisar aspectos sociais, legais e históricos das disputas de galos, práticas estas que datam da mais remota antiguidade. A pesquisa aborda as permissões que a atual legislação cria para esta prática, comum na Paraíba. Nesse contexto, a atividade das brigas de galo se confronta com o dispositivo constitucional, o qual proíbe que animais sejam submetidos a práticas cruéis. Utilizou-se, para este estudo, pesquisa descritiva com entrevistas com os órgãos de proteção aos animais. </p>
HABERMAS:EM DEFESA DA CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE DIREITO, MORAL E POLÍTICA NA ESFERA PÚBLICA
Authors: Salomão Kátia R. 
Published: April 2017

Resumo:O enfoque proposto tem como objeto os conceitos oriundos do direito que emHabermas é reconstruído por meio de sua crítica a Weber, com o fim de promoveruma discussão análoga ao princípio do discurso. Inicialmente, problematizou-senesse artigo, a reconstrução do conceito de direito, seguido pela abordagem dacrítica habermasiana do formalismo normativo versus aos princípios morais. Alémdisso, sequencialmente apresentaram-se as analogias de Habermas entrelegalidade e legitimidade, oriundas da esfera pública formal e informal. Porsua vez, a esfera pública é amparada numa associação direta com a noção derazão comunicativa e de direito, já que a legitimidade do direito emana dosconsensos produzidos discursivamente na esfera pública. Finalmente, apresentou-seno pensamento habermasiano a correlação intrínseca entre direito, moral epolítica, sendo a esfera pública o local de onde emanam os argumentosnormativos políticos e princípios deontológicos da justiça, que para Habermasorientam o processo de juridificação. Palavras Chaves:Moral, Direito, Esfera Pública e Política.
Physical factors affecting the transport and deposition of particles in saturated porous media
Authors: Cui Xianze , Liu Quansheng , Zhang Chengyuan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSaturated sand box experiments were conducted to explore the effect of various physical factors on the transport and deposition of suspended particles in porous media. Red quartz powder and natural quartz sand were employed in the study and acted as suspended particles and porous media, respectively. Particles were injected into the sand box in two modes, i.e., pulse injection and continuous injection. Tests were performed at various particle concentrations, flow velocities, deposition rate coefficient and longitudinal dispersion coefficient by both injection modes. The breakthrough curves were described with the analytical solution of a convection–dispersion equation, in which first-order deposition kinetics were taken into account. Different behavior of suspended-particle transport and deposition in porous media was observed under different injection modes and experimental conditions. The results show that effluent concentration was approximately linear with the initial particle concentration. The deposition rate coefficient depends strongly on particle size and flow velocity, and the transport and deposition process was very sensitive to it. Furthermore, the longitudinal dispersion coefficient increases with increasing flow rate, and particles are easier to transport through pores as the longitudinal dispersion coefficient increases. This study shows the importance of particle concentration, flow velocity, deposition rate coefficient and longitudinal dispersion coefficient in the transport and deposition process of suspended particles.
Pretreatment Effect of Folic Acid on 13-Cis-RA-Induced Cellular Damage of Developing Midfacial Processes in Cultured Rat Embryos
Authors: Kriangkrai Rungarun , Chareonvit Suconta , Iseki Sachiko , Limwongse Visaka 
Published: April 2017

Objective:Excess treatment of 13-cis-RA (Accutane®) on pregnant women induces craniofacial malformation found in infants. However, the effect of folic acid on 13-cis-RA-induced cellular damages of developing midfacial processes is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pretreatment effect of folic acid (FA) on 13-cis-RA-induced cellular damage in developing midfacial processes in rat embryos.Materials and Methods:The rat embryos at developing midfacial processes were performed by whole embryo culturein vitro, in the presence of 13-cis-RA (20 µM) with or without pre-treatment of FA (100 µM). The midfacial morphogenesis score, PCNA and TUNEL assay staining were evaluated for morphogenesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis of the midfacial processes, respectively.Results:The 13-cis-RA-treated embryos at 24h showed atrophy of midfacial processes with significantly decreased morphogenesis score and cell proliferation, and increased apoptotic cell death. In contrast, the embryos pre-treated with FA for 18h, followed by 13-cis-RA treatment for 24h (FA-RA) showed significantly greater morphogenesis score, increased cell proliferation and lower apoptotic cell death compared to those of the 13-cis-RA-treated embryos.Conclusion:The results suggest that FA reduced the teratogenic effects of 13-cis-RA on midfacial process tissue. Future investigations regarding the anti-teratogenic mechanism of FA on the prevention of damages in midface processes induced by 13-cis-RA on pregnant woman are warranted.
Nurse Competence on Physiologic Monitors Use: Toward Eliminating Alarm Fatigue in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Sowan Azizeh K. , Vera Ana G. , Fonseca Elma I. , Reed Charles C. , Tarriela Albert F. , Berndt Andrea E. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Studies on nurse competence on alarm management are a few and tend to be focused on limited skills. In response to Phase II of implementing the National Patient Safety Goal on clinical alarm systems safety, this study assessed nurses’ perceived competence on physiologic monitors use in intensive care units (ICUs) and developed and validated a tool for this purpose.

Methods:
This descriptive study took place in a Magnet hospital in a Southwestern state of the U.S. A Nurse Competence on Philips Physiologic Monitors Use Survey was created and went through validation by 13 expert ICU nurses. The survey included 5 subscales with 59 rated items and two open-ended questions. Items on the first 4 subscales reflect most common tasks nurses perform using physiologic monitors. Items on the fifth subscale (advanced functions) reflect rarely used skills and were included to understand the scope of utilizing advanced physiologic monitors’ features. Thirty nurses from 4 adult ICUs were invited to respond to the survey.

Results:
Thirty nurses (100%) responded to the survey. The majority of nurses were from Neuro (47%) and Surgical Trauma (37%) ICUs. The data supported the high reliability and construct validity of the survey. At least one (3%) to 8 nurses (27%) reported lack of confidence on each item on the survey. On the first four subscales, 3% - 40% of the nurses reported they had never heard of or used 27 features/functions on the monitors. No relationships were found between subscales’ scores and demographic characteristics (p > .05). Nurses asked for training on navigating the central-station monitor and troubleshooting alarms, and the use of unit-specific super users to tailor training to users’ needs.

Conclusion:
This is the first study to create and test a list of competencies for physiologic monitors use. Rigorous, periodic and individualized training is essential for safe and appropriate use of physiologic monitors and to decrease alarm fatigue. Training should be comprehensive to include all necessary skills and should not assume proficiency on basic skills. Special attention should be focused on managing technical alarms. Increasing the number of super users is a recommended strategy for individualized and unit-specific training. There is a need for a usability testing of complex IT-equipped medical devices, such as physiologic monitors, for effective, efficient and safe navigation of the monitors.
The Magnitude of Nutritional Underweight and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 6-59 Months in Wonsho Woreda, Sidama Zone Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gamecha Rahel , Demissie Tsegaye , Admasie Amha 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Childhood under-nutrition is a major global health problem. Although the rate of under-nutrition in southern Ethiopia has substantially declined in the last decade, but it still remains the major causes of morbidity and mortality of children under-five years. Unfortunately, there was no study in this study area with respect to this topic of interest and therefore, this study was carried out to assess the magnitude of underweight and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months.

Methods:
A community based cross sectional study was conducted in Wonsho Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. A total of 595 randomly selected child mother pairs were selected using cluster sampling method. Data were collected using a face-to-face interview and children anthropometric measurements. Child Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was determined. World Health Organization Anthro software was used to convert anthropometric measurements into Z-scores. The data was analyzed using Epidata version 3.1 and SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model was used. A statistical significance was declared at p-value less than 0.05.

Result:
The overall prevalence of underweight was 122(20.5%) (95% CI, 17.3-23.8%), meanwhile, the prevalence of severe and moderate underweight was 7.1% and 13.4% respectively. Male children were 1.78 times more likely to be underweight than female children (AOR=1.78; 95%CI=1.17, 2.70). Unimmunized, children were 2.45 times more likely to be underweight (AOR=2.45; 95%CI=1.41, 4.24).

Conclusion:
Prevalence of nutritional underweight was high in the study area. Driving factors of underweight were investigated and therefore, strong stakeholders’ collaboration is compulsory to address the future public health burden.
Показники функціонального резерву міокарда у дітей молодшого шкільного віку з частими гострими захворюваннями респіраторного тракту
Authors: Ovcharenko L.S. , Sheludko D.N. , Vertegel A.A. 
Published: April 2017

Актуальність. Проблема ранньої діагностики захворювань серцево-судинної системи у дітей актуальна в усьому світі і в Україні, оскільки саме в дитячому віці формується майбутнє здоров’я й якість життя дорослої людини. З причини психоемоційної напруги у дітей молодшого шкільного віку на тлі ускладненої шкільної програми, інформаційного перевантаження електрон­ними гаджетами, підвищеної частоти простудних захворювань зростає гіподинамія. Крім цього, інфекційні агенти надають токсичний вплив на міокард, порушуючи його функціональний стан. Все це в сукупності негативно впливає на розвиток і формування серцево-судинної і респіраторної систем у дітей. Мета роботи: вивчення показників функціонального резерву міокарда у дітей молодшого шкільного віку залежно від частоти гострих захворювань респіраторного тракту (ГРЗ). Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 1109 дітей віком від 6 до 9 років. Проведено аналіз захворюваності частими ГРЗ залежно від віку. В ході дослідження діти були розділені на дві групи. Група 1 — діти з рекурентними ГРЗ — 210 осіб. Група 2 — діти, які епізодично хворіють на ГРЗ, — 899 осіб. Результати. З 210 обстежених дітей з рекурентними захворюваннями респіраторного тракту 171 школяр (81,4 %) має знижений функціональний резерв міокарда, що збігається з даними інших досліджень. У дітей 7 і 9 років кількість зі зниженим функціональним резервом міокарда коливається від 70 до 82 % у семирічок, у школярів 6 і 8 років кількість спостережуваних зі зниженим функціональним резервом міокарда зросла від 83 до 100 % дітей у шестирічок. Висновки. Діти з частими ГРЗ мають знижений функціональний резерв міокарда. Діти з епізодичними ГРЗ мають більш високі показники функціонального резерву міокарда, отже, зниження захворюваності на ГРЗ призведе до поліпшення функціонального стану міокарда.
Саркопенія, остеопороз та його ускладнення
Authors: Povoroznyuk V.V. , Dzerovych N.I. 
Published: April 2017

На сьогодні надзвичайно велика увага науковців приділяється вивченню асоційованих змін м’язової та кісткової тканин з віком. Низькі показники м’язової маси та її функції асоційовані з низькими показниками мінеральної щільності кісткової тканини, підвищеним ризиком падінь, погіршенням якості життя, функціональних можливостей та зростанням летальності пацієнтів. Проте проведена невелика кількість досліджень, у яких вивчався зв’язок між саркопенією й остеопоротичними переломами. Мета дослідження: вивчити особливості тілобудови, показники структурно-функціонального стану кісткової тканини в жінок віком 65 років і старше за наявності деформацій тіл хребців. Обстежено 171 жінку віком 65–89 років. Залежно від наявності деформацій тіл хребців пацієнтки були розподілені на дві групи: група А — 105 жінок без деформацій тіл хребців; група Б — 66 жінок із деформаціями тіл хребців. Визначення показників жирової, знежиреної маси, мінеральної щільності та якості кісткової тканини, рентгеноморфометричний аналіз тіл хребців за допомогою програми LVA проводили на приладі двофотонної рентгенівської абсорбціометрії (Prodigy, GEHC Lunar, Madison, WI, США). Встановлено, що жінки з деформаціями тіл хребців порівняно з жінками без деформацій мають вірогідно нижчі показники мінеральної щільності кісткової тканини, якості трабекулярної кісткової тканини, жирової та знежиреної маси (p < 0,05). Частота пресаркопенії (зниженої знежиреної маси) у жінок із деформаціями тіл хребців становила 14,6 %, у жінок без деформацій — 2,2 %.
A Community Health Assessment Curriculum to Develop Population Health Competencies
Authors: Prunuske Jacob , Remington Patrick L. 
Published: April 2017

Introduction: The Institute of Medicine, Association of American Medical Colleges, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend population health training for medical students. Medical schools struggle to teach and evaluate population health curricula. We developed, implemented, and evaluated a community health assessment exercise (CHA) within a required clinical rotation to address this need.
Methods: Descriptive statistics and t-test comparison of means were used to analyze student scores on curricular assignments and responses to pretest and posttest items assessing student-rated skill and likelihood of conducting a CHA in practice, and in finding evidence to support public health programs and policies.
Results: Student-rated skill in conducting a CHA increased from 3.3 ± 1.2 on the pretest to 4.8 ± 0.9 on the posttest (P &lt; 0.01). Student-rated skill in finding evidence that supports public health programs and policies increased from 4.0 ± 1.1 to 5.1 ± 0.9 (P &lt; 0.01). There was no difference between pretest and posttest in the likelihood of participating in a CHA organized by others (4.7 ± 1.3 vs 4.9 ± 1.3, p = 0.4), or in initiating a CHA as a practicing physician (4.2 ± 1.4 vs 4.3 ± 1.4, P = 0.8). Asked if the CHA improved their educational experience, 56% of students agreed and 25% disagreed. Asked if the CHA improved their ability to provide patient care, 40% of students agreed and 37% disagreed.
Conclusions: The addition of a CHA to a clinical rotation is feasible and develops key medical student public health competencies.