bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vegetative Composition, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Root Colonization, and Biological Nitrogen Fixation Distinguish Organic and Conventional Perennial Forage Systems
Authors: Schneider Kimberley D. , Lynch Derek H. , Bünemann Else K. , Voroney R. Paul 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Conventional and organic forage fields did not differ in total forage yield.
Legume content was more than two times greater under organic management.
Total forage biological nitrogen fixation was greater under organic management.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi root colonization was greater under organic management.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi root colonization was inversely related to soil test P concentrations.
Low concentrations of Olsen soil test phosphorus (STP) on organic dairy farms in Canada have been reported, however, the resulting impact on crop productivity is unclear. This study evaluated mixed forage (alfalfa [Medicago sativa L.]/timothy [Phleum pratense L.]) productivity, nutrient uptake, and related soil biological and biochemical properties on organic and conventional dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Despite a lower STP concentration, mean organic forage yield (8.0 Mg DM ha−1) did not significantly differ from conventional (9.5 Mg DM ha−1). The proportion of N derived from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in alfalfa did not differ by management system, however the total forage BNF‐N was greater in the organic fields due to a twofold increase in legume proportions. Alfalfa tissue P concentrations, above the suggested critical value of 2.0 g kg−1 in all systems, were positively correlated with STP (r = 0.82, P = < 0.0001) and significantly greater in conventional (3.3 g kg−1) than organic (2.4 g kg−1). Mean arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of alfalfa was greater in organic systems (37 vs. 23%) and was negatively correlated with STP (P = 0.0006). Management systems did not differ in soil alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, or phytase‐labile P. It was concluded that legume‐based forages can produce acceptable yields at low STP concentrations (<10 mg kg−1) and supports the importance of legumes, legume BNF, and biological processes linked to soil P cycling in maintaining productivity in organic dairy farming systems.
Evaluation of Environmentally Smart Nitrogen in Winter Wheat in North Carolina
Authors: Rajkovich Shelby R. , Osmond Deanna L. , Weisz Randy , Crozier Carl 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Environmentally Smart Nitrogen (ESN) and ESN mixtures with ammonium sulfate did not increase grain yield over urea–ammonium nitrate.
Effects of ESN timing varied due to year and physiographic region.
Environmentally Smart Nitrogen does not appear to provide agronomic benefit to wheat in North Carolina.
Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) field trials were conducted from 2013 to 2015 to evaluate effectiveness of Environmentally Smart Nitrogen (ESN) in two different physiographic regions in North Carolina: Coastal Plain and Piedmont. Trials were designed to (i) determine the effectiveness of ESN alone or in blend with ammonium sulfate compared with standard fertilizer applications; and (ii) identify optimum timing of application. At plant, all plots received starter fertilizer as urea–ammonium nitrate (UAN) at the rate of 30 lb N acre−1. An additional 105 lb N acre−1 was applied as one of six treatments in the winter (late January through early February) and/or spring (early March). Winter treatments consisted of 100% ESN, or blends with ESN providing either 75 or 50% of total N (ammonium sulfate provided the remainder). A fourth treatment consisted of spring ESN application providing 50% of the total N (the remainder from ammonium sulfate). Two final treatments provided N from UAN and ammonium sulfate, either as split application (late winter and early spring) or spring application. Compared with fertilizer applications without ESN, ESN treatments did not differ for grain or straw yield, or grain, straw, or crop N uptake in the Piedmont. In the Coastal Plain, 2013–2014 ESN treatments returned higher yields when applied in spring than in winter applications; spring‐applied treatment without ESN had higher yields than ESN treatments. In 2014 to 2015, there were no yield differences between the ESN treatments and the non‐ESN treatments. Environmentally Smart Nitrogen does not appear to provide an agronomic benefit to wheat production in North Carolina.
Weed Control in Soybean with Preemergence‐ and Postemergence‐applied Herbicides
Authors: Oliveira Maxwel C. , Feist Dave , Eskelsen Steve , Scott Jon E. , Knezevic Stevan Z. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Herbicide premixes provided good (>90%) broadleaf and grass weed control in Nebraska.
Preemergence‐applied herbicide premixes with different sites of action will help manage resistance weeds.
Preemergence‐applied herbicides should be a foundation for weed management in soybean.
In the past 20 years, weed control in soybean (Glycine max) was mainly based on postemergence (POST) applications of glyphosate, which resulted in glyphosate‐resistant weeds. Herbicide‐resistant weeds warrants evaluation of new strategies for effective control. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of herbicides applied preemergence (PRE) and POST on 11 agronomic weeds in eastern Nebraska. The study was conducted in 2014 and 2015 in Concord, NE. The best PRE‐applied treatments were metolachlor + imazethapyr, fomesafen + imazethapyr, flumioxazin + imazethapyr, and flumioxazin + metribuzin, which controlled broadleaf and grass weed species ≥90 and ≥80%, respectively. However, weed control with POST herbicides was more variable, ranging from 19 to 91%. The POST‐applied fomesafen and fomesafen + imazethapyr controlled ivyleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album), common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) ≥85%. Greater soybean yields were achieved with most PRE‐applied herbicides and POST‐applied fomesafen + imazethapyr only. Metolachlor + imazethapyr, metolachlor, and fomesafen applied PRE protected soybean yields better than when applied POST. Results suggested that PRE‐applied herbicide mixtures of different sites of action are the base for controlling weeds and protecting soybean yields in eastern Nebraska.
Forage Mass, Nutritive Value, and In situ Degradation of Sorghum Silage Treated with Fibrolytic Enzymes
Authors: McCuistion Kimberly , Foster Jamie L. , Schuster Greta , Wester David , Lopez Zachary , Umphres Alinna M. , Coronado Adrian 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Xylanase and cellulase treatment of sorghum silage did not affect sorghum silage nutritive value.
The brown midrib trait and harvest timing have more influence on silage quality than fibrolytic enzymes.
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] and sorghum‐sudangrass (S. bicolor × S. bicolor drummondii) silage utilization in cattle diets has increased in recent years. The objectives of this study were to compare the forage mass and nutritive value of photoperiod‐sensitive (PS) sorghum and hybrid sister lines with or without the BMR trait, and determine if fibrolytic enzymes would improve the rate and extent of in situ disappearance of PS forage sorghum (FS) and PS sorghum‐sudagrass (SS) silage varieties with or without the brown midrib (BMR) trait (i.e., FS‐PS, FS‐PS/BMR, SS‐PS, and SS‐PS/BMR). This experiment was a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement whereby the crop was grown, chopped, and ensiled and inoculated with or without (control) the enzyme mixture. Yield was at least 1.6 ton/acre and nutritive value similar to that of similar cultivars. Mini‐silo buckets were sealed for 150 days, and dried silage material weighed into duplicate Dacron bags for in situ incubation for 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, or 72 h in three ruminally cannulated Angus steers (679 ± 52.9 lb body weight [BW]) to determine rate and extent of dry‐matter (DM) disappearance. The addition of fibrolytic enzymes had little effect on the nutritive value of ensiled forage. Non‐BMR silage had a greater potentially degradable fraction; however, BMR varieties had a greater wash loss and extent of digestion. Based on our results, selecting a sorghum variety with the BMR trait may be more important than using a fibrolytic enzyme to improve silage degradation characteristics.
Plastic Biofilm Carrier after Corn Cobs Reduces Nitrate Loading in Laboratory Denitrifying Bioreactors
Authors: Feyereisen Gary W. , Christianson Laura E. , Moorman Thomas B. , Venterea Rodney T. , Coulter Jeffrey A. 
Published: June 2017

Nitrate‐nitrogen (nitrate‐N) removal rates can be increased substantially in denitrifying bioreactors with a corn (Zea mays L.) cob bed medium compared with woodchips; however, additional organic carbon (C) is released into the effluent. This laboratory column experiment was conducted to test the performance of a postbed chamber of inert plastic biofilm carrier (PBC) after corn cobs (CC) to extend the area of biofilm colonization, enhance nitrate‐N removal, lower total organic C losses, and reduce nitrous oxide (N2O) production at warm (15.5°C) and cold (1.5°C) temperatures. Treatments were CC only and CC plus PBC in series (CC‐PBC). Across the two temperatures, nitrate‐N load removal was 21% greater with CC‐PBC than CC, with 54 and 44% of total nitrate N load, respectively. However, total organic C concentrations and loads were not significantly different between treatments. Colonization of the PBC by denitrifiers occurred, although gene abundance at the outlet (PBC) was less than at the inlet (CC). The PBC chamber increased nitrate‐N removal rate and reduced cumulative N2O production at 15.5°C, but not at 1.5°C. Across temperatures and treatments, N2O production was 0.9% of nitrate‐N removed. Including an additional chamber filled with PBC downstream from the CC bioreactor provided benefits in terms nitrate‐N removal but did not achieve C removal. The presence of excess C, as well as available nitrate, in the PBC chamber suggests another unidentified limiting factor for nitrate removal.Core Ideas
A chamber of inert plastic biofilm carrier after corn cobs increased NO3‐N removal.
The added chamber did not achieve aqueous carbon removal.
Denitrifiers colonized the plastic biofilm carrier.
At 15.5°C, nitrous oxide cumulative production decreased, but not at 1.5°C.
Cold temperature performance was unaffected by the added chamber.
The use of VO2 max in the detection of talents in sports performance in elementary school student’s process
Authors: Fonseca Ernani Júnior , Melo Hugo Christiano Soares 
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo teve como principal objetivo encontrar o protocolo de VO2 máximo mais simples aplicável em escolares do ensino fundamental como instrumento para detectar talentos no desempenho esportivo. Este artigo traz uma pesquisa bibliográfica integrativa baseada em artigos completos encontrados em bases de dados como Scielo, Pubmed, FIEP Bulletim, Plos One e Google Acadêmico. Através da educação física escolar pode se aumentar o número de atletas brasileiros. Portanto, deve-se dar muita atenção a educação física escolar, pois nas escolas existem milhares de crianças e dentre elas podem surgir muitos talentos esportivos, podendo ser assim detectados facilmente com o protocolo de cálculo de VO2 máximo de “Vai e vem” (Shuttle run), que é simples de executar e bastante prático do ponto de vista escolar.
Prevalence and demographic characteristics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in corpses at Kerman Forensic Medicine Center, 2011
Authors: Khoshnoud Asghar , Sharifi Yazdi Ali , Kheirkhah Aliasghar , Ashrafi Moein 
Published: June 2017

Introduction: Fatty liver is a multi-factorial gastrointestinal disorder that can lead to different disease and finally death. It is mostly silent without any obvious symptoms. This study is designed to determine the prevalence fatty liver after cadaver autopsy in 102 cadaver and its correlation with associated risk factors.Method: Liver autopsy was done on 102 cadaver refereeing to the legal medicine ward of Kerman on 2013. Clinical information and pathologic findings were recorded in statistical checklist. Finally data were analyzed with fisher’s exact test and mann-whitney U statistical test in SPSS environment ver.20Results: Mean of age was 43.25 ± 4.25 Pathologic findings showed 18(17.64) fatty liver. None of risk factors showed a significant relation with the prevalence of fatty liver (P>0.05),Conclusion: According to the finding and based on similar scientific evidences fatty liver in this study has higher prevalence rate in compared with other studies and more detailed study with larger sample sizes is recommended for more accurate findings.
Pluralismo epistémico y pluralismo político: La gestión de la república. Epistemic and political pluralism: Running a republic
Authors: Schmukler Ricardo Enrique 
Published: June 2017

En los últimos años, la noción de gestión pública ha desplazado a la de administración pública en la ponderación colectiva de la eficacia y la eficiencia gubernamental y administrativa. El presente trabajo discute este concepto, entendiéndolo como unidad de la teoría y la práctica en el ejercicio de los poderes y derechos públicos. Se argumenta acerca de la congruencia entre las formas del pluralismo que proponen las teorías constructivas y discursivas, tanto en el orden del conocimiento como en el de la organización. Así, se sostiene que, trascendiendo los límites del entendimiento convencional, el pluralismo epistémico y el pluralismo político resultan manifestaciones de un mismo operar, en distintos campos de la experiencia, como formas del pensamiento y la acción congruentes con los valores socialmente dispuestos para regir una sana administración de la república.
Proyectos inconclusos. Educación e interculturalidad en sociedades desiguales
Authors: Gayol Víctor 
Published: June 2017

La Yugoslavia de Tito (1953-1980) fue el experimento más largo del paneslavismo, aquel proyecto de integración multicultural forzada cuya disgregación produjo uno de los más sangrientos conflictos bélicos del siglo XX.
EL LIDERAZGO POLÍTICO FEMENINO: LA DIFICULTAD DE UNA EXPLICACIÓN
Authors: Román Marugán Paloma , Ferri Durá Jaime 
Published: June 2017

ResumenEl incremento de mujeres en los puestos de liderazgo político en las democracias contemporáneas lleva a un replanteamiento de los diferentes enfoques y categorías de análisis que explican el fenómeno. En el caso del liderazgo femenino, se trata de un problema especialmente relevante, sobre todo en el espacio de la política, ya que su análisis específico es un terreno prácticamente ignoto. Este trabajo exploralos marcos teóricosdel liderazgo y de género para ver la dificultadde los modelos utilizados en elanálisis del fenómeno. No sóloexplora lapresencia y ausencia delos paradigmastradicionales, sino tambiénprueba con los modelos explicativosde otras culturas alternativas y del mundo del desarrollo.Palabras clave: Liderazgo, Mujeres, Sistemas Políticos, Género English Title: Female Political Leadership: Explanatory DifficultiesAbstract: The increasing number of women in leadership roles in contemporary democracies demands reconsideration of the different analytical approaches and categories previously used to explain the development. The issue is especially relevant for political leadership as the analysis of female political leadership is at an embryonic stage. This paper aims to explore theoretical frameworks of leadership and gender, and to reveal both the lack and limitations of existing models for study of the phenomenon. The examination will include analysis of non- Western leadership examples.Key Words: Leadership, Women, Political System, Gender
LOS MENTORES EN EL DESARROLLO PROFESIONAL DE LAS MUJERES. ESTADOS UNIDOS Y MÉXICO
Authors: Ortega-Liston Ramona , Moral Fajardo María Esther , Cadena Inostroza Cecilia 
Published: June 2017

ResumenDificultades de las mujeres para acceder a educación y puestos de trabajo comprende no solo sexismo, sino raza e identidad étnica. Se examinan los casos en la inserción laboral de mujeres profesionales afroamericanas y árabes que viven en Estados Unidos y de mujeres mexicanas en su país. Se revisan dificultades en su educación y carrera profesional, las estrategias para superarlas, principalmente el papel de los mentores/tutores. La principal conclusión es el papel determinante de los tutores en la trayectoria educativa y profesional de las mujeres y las que han sido apoyadas por éstos generalmente se convierten en mentoras.Palabras clave: Mentores/tutores, trayectorias de mujeres, narrativa.English Title: Mentors in the Development of Professional Women. United States and MexicoAbstract: Impediments to women’s access to education and jobs include not only sexism, but race and ethnicity. This paper examines the work placement experiences of Afro-American and Arab professional women living in the USA, and of Mexican women in their own country. The educational and professional career struggles are reviewed; the strategies for success, and the role of mentors, are also examined. The conclusion is that the role of mentors is decisive in the career education of women, and that those women often become mentors in their turn.Key words: Mentors, women’s career, narrative.
THE TIES THAT BIND US TO EACH OTHER’: MASCULINITY IN SARAH HARRIET BURNEY’S OEUVRE
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Carmen María 
Published: June 2017

ResumenSarah Harriet Burney (1771-1844) was a very popular woman writer at the turn of the nineteenth century rivalling her half-sister, the celebrated Frances Burney. This article analyses the male protagonists in Sarah Harriet’s oeuvre within the framework of eighteenth-century gender studies. The authoress gives a new turn to the tradition of the feminized hero who is often associated with the brotherly figure. Strongly resembling the heroine, Sarah Harriet’s maleprotagonists compete with the brother for feminine affection and become an instrument for echoing discomfort and articulating a radical criticism of patriarchy.Key words: Sarah Harriet Burney, British literature, gender studies, eighteenth century.Titulo en español: “The ties that bind us to each other”: masculinidad en la obra de Sarah Harriet BurneyResumen: Sarah Harriet Burney (1771-1844)fueuna escritora muypopular a finales del siglo diecinueve rivalizando con su hermana, la admirada FrancesBurney. Este artículo se centra en los protagonistas masculinos en la obra de Sarah Harriet dentro del marco de los estudios de género del siglo dieciocho. La autora reformula la tradición del héroe feminizado que generalmente se asocia a la figura fraternal. Los protagonistas masculinos de Sarah Harriet se parecen mucho a la heroína, compiten con el hermano por el afecto femenino y se convierte en un instrumento para expresar el descontento y articular una crítica radical del patriarcado.Palabras clave: Sarah HarrietBurney, literatura británica, estudios de género, siglo dieciocho.
ENTREVISTA A MAURY MARCANO, DIRECTORA DEL DOCUMENTAL COMO DIOS NOS TRAJO
Authors: Díaz-Marcos Ana María , Meléndez Luis Alfonso 
Published: June 2017

Esta entrevista tuvo lugar en el Festival del Cine del Mundo de Montreal el día 30de agosto del 2014. Ana María Díaz Marcos y Luis Alfonso Meléndez entrevistaron en los pasillos del festival a la escritora y directora de cine Maury Marcano, venezolana afincada en Buenos Aires. “Como Dios Nos Trajo” (2014) es su primer documental yexplora la experiencia de las mujeres que trabajan en los clubs de striptease en Caracas y Buenos Aires.
Rompere il tabù: Il tema dell’abbandono dei figli in Una donna di Sibilla Aleramo e La filgia oscura di Elena Ferrante
Authors: Kobilj Cuic Sanja 
Published: June 2017

Riassunto: Questo articolo esamina la maternità rappresentata in due testi, Una donna di Sibilla Aleramo e La figlia osura di Elena Ferrante. L’accento è sul tema dell’ambivalenza materna e sul tema dell’abbandono dei figli da parte delle madri considerato tuttora uno dei tabù nella società e nella letteratura italiane. Attraverso l’analisi di questi due romanzi, si cerca di capire quali siano i motivi emotivi e sociali che portano le madri protagoniste a cercare i propri spazi. Il metodo teorico si basa sul lavoro del gruppo Diotima sull’ambivalenza della maternità. Breaking the Taboo: The Theme of Abandonment of Children Abstract: This article examines motherhood represented in some of the most important novels of Italian female literature. The focus is on the topic of maternal ambivalence and the on theme of abandonment of a child considered one of the taboos in Italian literature and society. Through a close reading of novels Una donna written by Sibilla Aleremo and La figlia oscura and I giorni dell’abbandono by Elena Ferrante, the article analyses the emotional and social motives that bring the women to search for their own freedom and re-establish their own identity. The search for a non-patriarchal motherhood is made possible through the work of Italian theorist gathered around the Italian feminist group of Diotima that through different seminars discuss the exception of a mother and explore the ambivalence of the maternal. Although the changes in better are visible, the narrative of women needs more exploring of the voice of the mother but also a larger autonomy in expressing the dark sides of maternity that still lack of presentation.
Residual stress state in pipe cut ring specimens for fracture toughness testing
Authors: Damjanović Darko , Kozak Dražan , Marsoner Stefan , Gubeljak Nenad 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Thin-walled pipes are not suitable for measuring fracture toughness parameters of vital importance because longitudinal crack failure is the most common failure mode in pipes. This is due to the impossibility to manufacture standard specimens for measuring fracture toughness, such as SENB or CT specimens, from the thin wall of the pipe. Previous works noticed this problem, but until now, a good and convenient solution has not been found or developed. To overcome this problem, very good alternative solution was proposed, the so-called pipe ring notched bend specimen (PRNB) [1–5]. Until now, only the idealized geometry PRNB specimen is analyzed, i. e., a specimen which is not cut out from an actual pipe but produced from steel plate. Based on that, residual stresses are neglected along with the imperfections in geometry (elliptical and eccentricity). The aim of this research is to estimate the residual stress state(s) in real pipes used in the boiler industry produced by hot rolling technique. These types of pipes are delivered only in normalized condition, but not stress relieved. Therefore, there are residual stresses present due to the manufacturing technique, but also due to uneven cooling after the production process. Within this paper, residual stresses are estimated by three methods: the incremental hole drilling method (IHMD), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the splitting method (SM). Knowing the residual stress state in the ring specimen, it is possible to assess their impact on fracture toughness measured on the corresponding PRNB specimen(s).