bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health outcomes of developmental coordination disorder in late adolescence
Authors: Harrowell Ian , Hollén Linda , Lingam Raghu , Emond Alan 
Published: May 2017

AimTo assess the relationship between developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and mental health outcomes in late adolescence.MethodData were analyzed from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Moderate‐to‐severe DCD was defined at 7 to 8 years according to the DSM‐IV‐TR criteria. Mental health was assessed at 16 to 18 years using self‐reported questionnaires: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Short Moods and Feelings Questionnaire, and the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well‐being Scale. Logistic and linear regressions assessed the associations between DCD and mental health, using multiple imputation to account for missing data. Adjustments were made for socio‐economic status, IQ, and social communication difficulties.ResultsAdolescents with DCD (n=168) had an increased risk of mental health difficulties (total Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire score) than their peers (n=3750) (odds ratio 1.78, 95% confidence interval 1.12–2.83, adjusted for socio‐economic status and IQ). This was, in part, mediated through poor social communication skills. Adolescent females with DCD (n=59) were more prone to mental health difficulties than males. Greater mental well‐being was associated with better self‐esteem (β 0.82, p<0.001).InterpretationIndividuals with DCD, particularly females, had increased risk of mental health difficulties in late adolescence. Interventions that aim to promote resilience in DCD should involve improving social communication skills and self‐esteem.
Mitral valve aneurysms: Clinical characteristics, echocardiographic abnormalities, and possible mechanisms of formation
Authors: Pena José Luiz B. , Bomfim Tarciso O. , Fortes Paulo R. L. , Simão‐Filho Charles , de Souza Andrade‐Filho José 
Published: May 2017

AimsMitral valve aneurysms (MVA) are most frequently associated with endocarditis. Echocardiography is the method of choice for diagnosis, and color flow imaging is an important, easy method to detect MVA ruptures. We aimed to study the clinical and echocardiographic findings and their relation to the mechanism of aneurysm formation.Methods and ResultsWe reviewed clinical and echocardiographic records of 18 patients during a 17‐year period, corresponding to 0.02% of the total studies performed at our institution. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE), and all except two underwent transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). The aneurysm was located either on the anterior leaflet (16 cases) or on the posterior leaflet (two cases). In seven cases, the probable aneurysm formation mechanism was an aortic regurgitant jet striking the anterior mitral leaflet. Perforation was present in 17 (94.4%) patients, and 10 (55.5%) cases presented more than one aneurysm. No patients underwent surgery exclusively because of the echocardiography finding.ConclusionDifferent etiologies and formation mechanisms can occur in MVA. Echocardiography plays a fundamental role, providing meticulous examination of the mitral valve anatomy and flow. Unlike standard recommendations, clinical management is possible, and diagnosis does not imply immediate surgical correction.
Defining a multimodal signature of remote sports concussions
Authors: Tremblay Sébastien , Iturria‐Medina Yasser , Mateos‐Pérez José María , Evans Alan C. , De Beaumont Louis 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSports‐related concussions lead to persistent anomalies of the brain structure and function that interact with the effects of normal ageing. Although post‐mortem investigations have proposed a bio‐signature of remote concussions, there is still no clear in vivo signature. In the current study, we characterized white matter integrity in retired athletes with a history of remote concussions by conducting a full‐brain, diffusion‐based connectivity analysis. Next, we combined MRI diffusion markers with MR spectroscopic, MRI volumetric, neurobehavioral and genetic markers to identify a multidimensional in vivo signature of remote concussions. Machine learning classifiers trained to detect remote concussions using this signature achieved detection accuracies up to 90% (sensitivity: 93%, specificity: 87%). These automated classifiers identified white matter integrity as the hallmark of remote concussions and could provide, following further validation, a preliminary unbiased detection tool to help medical and legal experts rule out concussion history in patients presenting or complaining about late‐life abnormal cognitive decline.
The role of the model in mate‐choice copying in female zebra finches
Authors: Kniel Nina , Müller Katharina , Witte Klaudia 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that zebra finch females copy the mate choice of other females by choosing a mate of the same phenotype as the one chosen by another female (model). Little is known about the influence of the model female on the mate choice of the observing female. Therefore, we investigated the role of the model female in mate‐choice copying by manipulating her phenotype. Test females could choose between an unadorned male and an artificially adorned male, that is, wearing a red feather on the forehead. During a 2h observation period, test females could observe a single male in one cage and a male–female pair in another cage. In treatment one, the single male was unadorned and both the male and the female of the pair (model female) were adorned. In treatment two, the single male was adorned, the male of the pair unadorned and the model female adorned. Afterwards, test females could again choose between two new males, one adorned and one unadorned. In treatment one, test females first showed no preference for one of the two males, but avoided adorned males after the observation period. In treatment two, test females lost an initial preference for unadorned males after the observation period. In both treatments, test females did not copy the mate choice of the adorned model female. Adorned model females seemed to have a negative influence on the attractiveness of their mates' phenotype. Test females might have recognised model females as females of a different phenotype within their species which are adapted to different environmental conditions, or even have recognised model females as a female of another species. Our study demonstrates the important role of the model female in the complex public information network in zebra finches.
Global forest carbon uptake due to nitrogen and phosphorus deposition from 1850 to 2100
Authors: Wang Rong , Goll Daniel , Balkanski Yves , Hauglustaine Didier , Boucher Olivier , Ciais Philippe , Janssens Ivan , Penuelas Josep , Guenet Bertrand , Sardans Jordi , Bopp Laurent , Vuichard Nicolas , Zhou Feng , Li Bengang , Piao Shilong , Peng Shushi , Huang Ye , Tao Shu 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSpatial patterns and temporal trends of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition are important for quantifying their impact on forest carbon (C) uptake. In a first step, we modeled historical and future change in the global distributions of the atmospheric deposition of N and P from the dry and wet deposition of aerosols and gases containing N and P. Future projections were compared between two scenarios with contrasting aerosol emissions. Modeled fields of N and P deposition and P concentration were evaluated using globally distributed in situ measurements. N deposition peaked around 1990 in European forests and around 2010 in East Asian forests, and both increased sevenfold relative to 1850. P deposition peaked around 2010 in South Asian forests and increased 3.5‐fold relative to 1850. In a second step, we estimated the change in C storage in forests due to the fertilization by deposited N and P (∆Cν dep), based on the retention of deposited nutrients, their allocation within plants, and C:N and C:P stoichiometry. ∆Cν dep for 1997–2013 was estimated to be 0.27 ± 0.13 Pg C year−1 from N and 0.054 ± 0.10 Pg C year−1 from P, contributing 9% and 2% of the terrestrial C sink, respectively. Sensitivity tests show that uncertainty of ∆Cν dep was larger from P than from N, mainly due to uncertainty in the fraction of deposited P that is fixed by soil. ∆CP dep was exceeded by ∆CN dep over 1960–2007 in a large area of East Asian and West European forests due to a faster growth in N deposition than P. Our results suggest a significant contribution of anthropogenic P deposition to C storage, and additional sources of N are needed to support C storage by P in some Asian tropical forests where the deposition rate increased even faster for P than for N.
Sense of coherence and oral health in older adults in Southern Brazil
Authors: Possebon Anna Paula da Rosa , Martins Ana Paula Pinto , Danigno Júlia Freire , Langlois Caroline de Oliveira , Silva Alexandre Emidio Ribeiro 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between sense of coherence and oral health among older adults treated at family health units in southern Brazil.Material and methodsThe sample was composed of 164 individuals aged 60 years old or older. Socio‐demographic and oral health variables were collected using a standardised questionnaire. Sense of coherence (SOC) was measured with the questionnaire proposed by Antonovsky containing 29 closed‐ended questions. Poisson regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with SOC.ResultsAmong the 164 older adults, 53.9% were edentate, 54.5% did not need any type of dental prosthesis, and 82.1% had good/adequate self‐assessed oral health. The multivariate analysis revealed lower SOC scores among non‐white individuals [Mean Ratio (MR)=0.94; 95% CI: 0.91‐0.97; P<.001], with poor/very poor self‐assessed oral health (MR=0.85; 95% CI: 0.78‐0.91; P<.001) and with one or more teeth present in the oral cavity (MR=0.94; 95% CI: 0.91‐0.97; P<.001).ConclusionThe present results show that older adults who are self‐reported as non‐white, with one or more teeth in the oral cavity and with poor/very poor self‐assessed oral health have lower SOC scores.
Effects of argument quality, source credibility and self‐reported diabetes knowledge on message attitudes: an experiment using diabetes related messages
Authors: Lin Tung‐Cheng , Hwang Lih‐Lian , Lai Yung‐Jye 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have reported that credibility and content (argument quality) are the most critical factors affecting the quality of health information and its acceptance and use; however, this causal relationship merits further investigation in the context of health education. Moreover, message recipients' prior knowledge may moderate these relationships.ObjectivesThis study used the elaboration likelihood model to determine the main effects of argument quality, source credibility and the moderating effect of self‐reported diabetes knowledge on message attitudes.MethodsA between‐subjects experimental design using an educational message concerning diabetes for manipulation was applied to validate the effects empirically. A total of 181 participants without diabetes were recruited from the Department of Health, Taipei City Government. Four group messages were manipulated in terms of argument quality (high and low) × source credibility (high and low).ResultsArgument quality and source credibility of health information significantly influenced the attitude of message recipients. The participants with high self‐reported knowledge participants exhibited significant disapproval for messages with low argument quality.ConclusionEffective health information should provide objective descriptions and cite reliable sources; in addition, it should provide accurate, customised messages for recipients who have high background knowledge level and ability to discern message quality.
HER2 assessment in locally advanced gastric cancer: comparing the results obtained with the use of two primary tumour blocks versus those obtained with the use of all primary tumour blocks
Authors: Xu Chen , Liu Yalan , Jiang Dongxian , Ge Xiaowen , Zhang Ying , Su Jieakesu , Zeng Haiying , Huang Jie , Ji Yuan , Hou Jun , Sun Yihong , Shen Kuntang , Liu Tianshu , Hou Yingyong , Qin Jing 
Published: May 2017

AimsHER2 is currently the only biomarker used to select eligible patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC) for targeted therapy. The aims of this study were to verify the value of dual‐block HER2 assessment and to explore whether increasing the block number is more beneficial by carrying out a randomized prospective cohort study in which dual‐block and all‐block HER2 assessment were compared in resected specimens of GC.Methods and resultsFive hundred and forty‐nine resected GC specimens were randomly enrolled into two cohorts: a dual‐block group (n = 274) with two primary tumour blocks tested, and an all‐block group (n = 275) with all primary tumour blocks tested. Immunohistochemical staining of HER2 was performed. For HER2‐equivocal (2+) cases, fluorescence in‐situ hybridization (FISH) was performed. As compared with single‐block assessment, dual‐block assessment increased the HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC)‐positive (3+) rate. The rate with dual‐block assessment (11.3%) was significantly higher than that with block 1 assessment (8.8%) (P = 0.016) and block 2 assessment (9.1%) (P = 0.031). Similarly, all‐block assessment demonstrated a higher HER2 3+ rate (12.4%) than single‐block assessment (block 1, 6.5%; block 2, 6.2%; block 3, 7.2%; block 4, 8.7%) (P < 0.05). HER2 3+ rates of all‐block and dual‐block assessments showed no significant difference (P = 0.703). After IHC and FISH results had been combined, the HER2‐positive rate with all‐block assessment (13.5%) was slightly higher than that with dual‐block assessment (12.0%), although the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.62).ConclusionsDual‐block immunohistochemical assessment is an effective, practical and economic approach that is suitable for the preliminary screening of HER2. We recommend that dual‐block HER2 assessment be routinely performed on resected specimens of GC. All‐block assessment can be a supplement to dual‐block assessment if necessary.
Myxoid fibroadenomas differ from conventional fibroadenomas: a hypothesis‐generating study
Authors: Lozada John R , Burke Kathleen A , Maguire Aoife , Pareja Fresia , Lim Raymond S , Kim Jisun , Gularte‐Merida Rodrigo , Murray Melissa P , Brogi Edi , Weigelt Britta , Reis‐Filho Jorge S , Geyer Felipe C 
Published: May 2017

AimsBreast myxoid fibroadenomas (MFAs) are characterized by a distinctive hypocellular myxoid stroma, and occur sporadically or in the context of Carney complex, an inheritable condition caused by PRKAR1A‐inactivating germline mutations. Conventional fibroadenomas (FAs) are underpinned by recurrent MED12 mutations in the stromal components of the lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the genomic landscape of MFAs and compare it with that of conventional FAs.Methods and resultsEleven MFAs from patients without clinical and/or genetic evidence of Carney complex were retrieved. DNA samples of tumour and matching normal tissue were subjected to massively parallel sequencing using the Memorial Sloan Kettering‐Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets (MSK‐IMPACT) assay, an assay targeting 410 cancer genes. Genetic alterations detected by MSK‐IMPACT were tested in samples in which the stromal and epithelial components were separately laser capture‐microdissected. Sequencing revealed no germline PRKAR1A mutations and non‐synonymous mutations in six MFAs. Interestingly, in three of the MFAs in which the stromal and epithelial components were separately microdissected, the mutations were found to be restricted to the epithelial rather than the stromal component. The sole exception was a lesion harbouring a somatic truncating PRKAR1A mutation. Upon histological re‐review, this case was reclassified as a breast myxoma, consistent with the spectrum of tumous observed in Carney complex patients. In this case, the PRKAR1A somatic mutation was restricted to the stromal component.ConclusionMFAs lack MED12 mutations, and their stromal components seem not to harbour mutations in the 410 cancer genes tested. Whole‐exome and/or whole‐genome analyses of MFAs are required to elucidate their genetic drivers.
Organic whey as a source of Lactobacillus strains with selected technological and antimicrobial properties
Authors: Rzepkowska Anna , Zielińska Dorota , Ołdak Aleksandra , Kołożyn‐Krajewska Danuta 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTwenty‐five strains, isolated from raw, non‐pasteurised, organic whey samples, were identified phenotypically and genotypically. Biochemical tests were performed, and enzyme profiles, antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial properties were investigated. Sixteen strains were identified as genus Lactobacillus. Based on 16S rDNA gene sequence, the strains were identified as Lb. plantarum and Lb. fermentum. All of the strains had β‐galactosidase activity, and some of them reduced nitrate content. All strains utilised carbohydrates. The tested strains were characterised by low or average lipolytic and esterolytic activity. Moreover, the strains showed low proteolytic activity which is advantageous for their use as starter cultures for foods with low protein content. Strains Lb. fermentum S20, SM1, SM3, S2R and Lb. plantarum SM5 produced harmful N‐acetyl‐β‐glucosaminidase; moreover, the strain S20 produced also β‐glucuronidase. None of the strains produced α‐chymotrypsin. In phenotypic studies, most of the test strains were susceptible to gentamicin, ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, penicillin and erythromycin. Strains Lb. plantarum S1 and Lb. fermentum S4, S7, S8, S10, SM1 and SM3 did not possess any transfer resistance genes. Antagonistic activity of the culture LAB strains was assessed as high or moderate in relation to the indicator strains, with the greatest zones of inhibition for E.coli and the smallest for L. monocytogenes ATCC 15313. This study reveals that the LAB strains isolated from organic whey have high potential for food application. Some strains of species Lb. fermentum (S4, S7, S8, S10) have been identified as the best candidates.
Factors affecting a face-to-face learning event
Authors: Micallef Ricarda , Kayyali Reem 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Background
Pharmacy professionals have multiple opportunities to attend learning events run by a series of providers. However, there has never been a large-scale evaluation of events. Currently, formats of learning sessions differ by provider with no optimum model identified. Pharmacy Education South London was formed in April 2014 for the provision of education and training for pharmacy professionals in South London, running sessions multiple times across various locations.

Objective
The objective of this work was to identify factors that influence the perceived success of a face-to-face supplementary education and training event from the perspective of attendees.

Methods
Evaluation forms from 600 participants at training events followed by semi-structured individual interviews with 11 participants.

Key findings
Participants over 55 years were more likely to attend lecture style events versus those aged under 25 years who attended more workshops (P &lt; 0.001); there was no correlation with gender. About 57.3% (n = 344) of participants agreed fully that the event increased their understanding of the topics, although only 38.5% (n = 231) stated that it would change their practice. Themes influencing an event fell into three broad themes: personal reasons affecting attendance, success factors for the session and application of learning, all with related subthemes. Subthemes included commitments, convenience, awareness, topic and personal relevance, content and delivery and reference, review and action.

Conclusions
In publicising events, the topic, including the driver for the topic and the skills that will be obtained, the speaker and their experience plus how learning can be applied after the event should be included.
Treatment and outcomes of patients presenting to an adult emergency department involuntarily with substance misuse
Authors: Hughes James A. , Sheehan Maureen , Evans Jill 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAlcohol and other drug (AOD) use is common in our society. The use of these substances flow throughout all areas of healthcare, and is especially prevalent in patients presenting to the emergency department with signs of mental illness. At the extreme end of these presentations patients present involuntarily with either police or ambulance officers. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the population presenting to the ED involuntarily with and without substance misuse as a precipitating factor. Quantitative descriptive analysis was used to describe this population between April and June 2015. In patients presenting to one large inner city emergency department involuntarily, 30% had alcohol or other drug misuse as a precipitating factor. Patients who involuntarily presented with alcohol and other misuse stay longer in the emergency department then others that do not have alcohol or other drug misuse. These patients represent frequently, with over 50% representing at 90 days however this was not associated with alcohol or other drug misuse. Almost all patients who present involuntarily are discharged home post review by a mental health team. Significant improvements in care can be made in this population if the opportunistic treatment of both mental illness and AOD misuse is completed in the emergency department.
“Combining equity and utilitarianism”—additional insights into a novel approach
Authors: Gerdessen Johanna C. , Kanellopoulos Argyris , Claassen G.D.H. (Frits) 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRecently, a novel approach (to be referred to as CEU) was introduced for the frequently arising problem of combining the conflicting criteria of equity and utilitarianism. This paper provides additional insights into CEU and assesses its added value for practice by comparing it with a commonly used extended goal programming (EGP) approach. The comparison comprises the way of balancing equity and utilitarianism, the number and spacing of solutions, discrete versus continuous nature, method‐specific parameters, distance to the Pareto front, and computational effort. CEU balances between equity and utilitarianism in a way that is basically different from using a convex combination of these two criteria. Moreover, CEU's parameter has an intuitive interpretation. The set of solutions generated by CEU is smaller and more widely spaced than EGP's set of solutions, which can be an advantage for the decision maker. CEU generates solutions on the Pareto front of the decision maker's n‐criteria problem. However, CEU's way of balancing equity and utilitarianism causes a (small) distance to the Pareto front of the associated bicriteria problem on the aggregate criteria. Reporting this distance will support the decision maker to assess whether the achieved balance is worth its price. Using CEU may require a larger computational effort than using EGP.
Enhanced lower bounds and exact procedures for total completion time minimization in a two‐machine permutation flowshop with release dates
Authors: Mrad Mehdi , Chalghoumi Sabrine , Ladhari Talel , Gharbi Anis 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe consider the problem of minimizing the sum of completion times in a two‐machine permutation flowshop subject to release dates. New procedures are proposed for effectively bounding the completion time of a given job that is processed at a given position. New assignment‐based lower bounds are derived as well as an enhanced mathematical programming formulation. Our computational analysis shows a consistent tightness of the proposed lower bounds and a high outperformance of the enhanced mathematical formulation with respect to the classical one.