bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of major depressive disorder in South Africa (1997–2015): a systematic review protocol
Authors: Nglazi Mweete D , Joubert Jané D , Stein Dan J , Lund Crick , Wiysonge Charles S , Vos Theo , Pillay-van Wyk Victoria , Roomaney Rifqah A , Muhwava Lorrein S , Bradshaw Debbie 
Published: July 2016

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disease and disability globally and in South Africa. Epidemiological data for MDD are essential to estimate the overall disease burden in a country. The objective of the systematic review is to examine the evidence base for prevalence, incidence, remission, duration, severity, case fatality and excess mortality of MDD in South Africa from 1997 to 2015.Methods and analysisWe will perform electronic searches in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and other bibliographical databases. Articles published between January 1997 and December 2015 will be eligible for inclusion in this review. The primary outcomes will be prevalence, incidence, remission, duration, severity, case fatality and excess mortality of MDD. The secondary outcomes will be risk factors and selected populations for MDD. If appropriate, a meta-analysis will be performed. If a meta-analysis is not possible, the review findings will be presented narratively and in tables. Subgroup analyses will be conducted with subgroups defined by population group, rural/urban settings and study designs, if sufficient data are available.Ethics and disseminationThe systematic review will use published data that are not linked to individuals. The review findings may have implications for future research prioritisation and disease modelling of MDD to estimate its morbidity burden in South Africa, and will be disseminated electronically and in print through peer-reviewed publications.Trial Registration number:International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42015024885.
Monadic Datalog and Regular Tree Pattern Queries
Authors: Mazowiecki Filip , Murlak Filip , Witkowski Adam 
Published: July 2016

Containment of monadic datalog programs over trees is decidable. The situation is more complex when tree nodes carry labels from an infinite alphabet that can be tested for equality. It then matters whether the descendant relation is allowed or not: the descendant relation can be eliminated easily from monadic programs only when label equalities are not used. With descendant, even containment of linear monadic programs in unions of conjunctive queries is undecidable, and positive results are known only for bounded-depth trees.
We show that without descendant, containment of connected monadic programs is decidable over ranked trees, but over unranked trees it is so only for linear programs. With descendant, it becomes decidable over unranked trees under restriction to downward programs: each rule only moves down from the node in the head. This restriction is motivated by regular tree pattern queries, a recent formalism in the area of ActiveXML, which we show to be equivalent to linear downward programs.
Demo hour
Authors: Kao Cindy Hsin-Liu , Johns Paul , Roseway Asta , Czerwinski Mary , Priyadarshana Lahiru Lakmal , Porter Victoria , Carrascal Juan Pablo , Visser Aaron , Vertegaal Roel , Homewood Sarah , Smith Gillian , Grow April , Liu Chenxi , Albaugh Lea , Mankoff Jen , McCann Jim 
Published: July 2016

Interactivity is a unique forum of the ACM CHI conference that showcases more than 50 cutting-edge demonstrations and inspirational interactive installations from the diverse group of researchers, designers, and artists that make up the CHI community. These works were chosen to engage audiences intellectually, imaginatively, and physically to create a critical discourse for the future of HCI.
Julie R. Williamson, Amanda M. Williams, Sean White, and Cesar Torres, CHI 2016 Interactivity Chairs
A Better Model for Task Assignment in Server Farms
Authors: Harchol-Balter Mor 
Published: July 2016

An age-old problem in the design of server farms is the choice of the task assignment policy. This is the algorithm that determines how to assign incoming jobs to servers. Popular policies include Round-Robin assignment, Join-the-Shortest-Queue, Join-Queue-with-Least-Work, and so on. While much research has studied assignment policies, little has taken into account server-side variability -- the fact that the server we choose might be temporarily and unpredictably slow. We show that when server-side variability dominates runtime, replication of jobs can be very beneficial. We introduce the Replication-d algorithm that replicates each arrival to d servers chosen at random, where the job is considered "done" as soon as the first replica completes. We provide an exact closed-form analysis of Replication-d.
We next introduce a much more general model, one which takes both the inherent job size distribution and the server-side variability into account. This is a departure from traditional queueing models which only allow for one "size" distribution. We propose and analyze a new task assignment policy, Replicate-Idle-Queue (RIQ), which is designed to perform well given these dual sources of variability.
Analysis of Mesoscale Atmospheric Flows above Mature Deep Convection Using Super Rapid Scan Geostationary Satellite Data
Authors: Apke Jason M. , Mecikalski John R. , Jewett Christopher P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSuper Rapid Scan Operations for the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) R series (SRSOR) using GOES-14 have made experimentation with 1-min time-step data possible prior to the launch of the new satellite. A mesoscale atmospheric motion vector (mAMV) program is utilized in SRSOR with a Barnes analysis to produce objectively analyzed flow fields at the cloud tops of deep convection. Two nonsupercell and four supercell storm cases are analyzed. Data from the SRSOR mAMV analysis are compared with both multi-Doppler analyses when available and idealized convection cases within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model framework. It is found that using SRSOR data provides several additional trackable targets to produce mAMVs in rapidly “bubbling” regions at the deep convective cloud-top level not previously available at lower temporal resolutions (<1 min). Results also show that supercell storm cases produce long-lived maxima in SRSOR cloud-top divergence (CTD) and “couplet” signatures in cloud-top vorticity (CTV), which when compared with idealized WRF Model simulations appear to form as a result of environmental horizontal vorticity tilting. Nonsupercell convection in contrast produced weaker, short-lived CTD signatures and no “CTV couplet” signatures. These case study results suggest that with SRSOR data it might be possible to uniquely identify supercells using only mAMV-derived flow fields.
The Role of Ocean Heat Transport in the Global Climate Response to Projected Arctic Sea Ice Loss
Authors: Tomas Robert A. , Deser Clara , Sun Lantao 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to elucidate the individual and combined roles of thermodynamic and dynamic ocean–atmosphere coupling in the equilibrium global climate response to projected Arctic sea ice loss using a suite of experiments conducted with Community Climate System Model, version 4, at 1° latitude–longitude spatial resolution. The results highlight the contrasting spatial structures and partially compensating effects of thermodynamic and dynamic coupling. In combination, thermodynamic and dynamic coupling produce a response pattern that is largely symmetric about the equator, whereas thermodynamic coupling alone yields an antisymmetric response. The latter is characterized by an interhemispheric sea surface temperature (SST) gradient, with maximum warming at high northern latitudes decreasing toward the equator, which displaces the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and Hadley circulation northward. In contrast, the fully coupled response shows enhanced warming at high latitudes of both hemispheres and along the equator; the equatorial warming is driven by anomalous ocean heat transport convergence and is accompanied by a narrow equatorward intensification of the northern and southern branches of the ITCZ. In both cases, the tropical precipitation response to Arctic sea ice loss feeds back onto the atmospheric circulation at midlatitudes via Rossby wave dynamics, highlighting the global interconnectivity of the coupled climate system. This study demonstrates the importance of ocean dynamics in mediating the equilibrium global climate response to Arctic sea ice loss.
A behavioral intervention promoting physical activity in people with subacute spinal cord injury: secondary effects on health, social participation and quality of life
Authors: Nooijen Carla FJ , Stam Henk J , Sluis Tebbe , Valent Linda , Twisk Jos , van den Berg-Emons Rita JG 
Published: July 2016

Objective: To assess, for people with subacute spinal cord injury, if rehabilitation that is reinforced with the addition of a behavioral intervention to promote physical activity leads to a better health, participation and quality of life. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Rehabilitation centers. Participants: A total of 39 participants analyzed (45 included), with subacute spinal cord injury in inpatient rehabilitation, dependent on a manual wheelchair (33% tetraplegia, 62% motor complete, 150 ±74 days postinjury). Intervention: A behavioral intervention promoting physical activity after discharge, involving 13 individual sessions delivered by a coach trained in motivational interviewing, beginning two months before and ending six months after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Main measures: Physical capacity as determined during a maximal exercise test, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting lipid profile, and social participation (IMPACT-S) and quality of life (SF-36) were determined using questionnaires. Measurements were performed two months before discharge, at discharge, and six and 12 months after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. B represents the between-group difference. Results: Twelve months after discharge, significant intervention effects were found for diastolic blood pressure (B = –11.35 mmHg, 95% CI = –19.98 to −2.71), total cholesterol (B = –0.89 mmol/L, 95% CI = –1.59 to −0.20), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (B = −0.63 mmol/L, 95% CI = –1.25 to −0.00) and participation (B = 9.91, 95% CI = 3.34 to 16.48). Conclusions: A behavioral intervention promoting physical activity after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation improves social participation and seems to reduce risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people with subacute spinal cord injury.
Technology-enhanced suicide prevention interventions: A systematic review
Authors: Kreuze Elizabeth , Jenkins Carolyn , Gregoski Mathew , York Janet , Mueller Martina , Lamis Dorian A , Ruggiero Kenneth J 
Published: July 2016

Objective Suicide prevention is a high priority. Scalable and sustainable interventions for suicide prevention are needed to set the stage for population-level impact. This systematic review explores how technology-enhanced interventions target suicide risk and protective factors, using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2015) Risk and Protective Factors Ecological Model. Methods Information databases (PsycINFO, PubMed and CINAHL) were systematically searched and records including technology-enhanced interventions for suicide prevention ( n = 3764) were reviewed. Records with varying technologies and diverse methodologies were integrated into the search. Results Review of the records resulted in the inclusion of 16 studies that utilized technology-enhanced interventions to address determinants of suicidal behaviour. This includes the use of standalone or, in most cases, adjunct technology-enhanced interventions for suicide prevention delivered by mobile phone application, text message, telephone, computer, web, CD-ROM and video. Conclusion Intervention effectiveness was variable, but several technology-enhanced interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing suicidal ideation and mental health co-morbidities. Large-scale research and evaluation initiatives are needed to evaluate the costs and long-term population-level impact of these interventions.
Evaluation of positive and negative predictors of seizure outcomes among patients with immune-mediated epilepsy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Dubey Divyanshu , Farzal Zehra , Hays Ryan , Brown L Steven , Vernino Steven 
Published: July 2016

Background: The objective of this study was to analyze published literature on autoimmune epilepsy and assess predictors of seizure outcome. Methods: From PubMed and EMBASE databases, two reviewers independently identified publications reporting clinical presentations, management and outcomes of patients with autoimmune epilepsy. A meta-analysis of 46 selected studies was performed. Demographic/clinical variables (sex, age, clinical presentation, epilepsy focus, magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] characteristics, time to diagnosis and initiation of immunomodulatory therapy, and type of immunomodulatory therapy) were compared between two outcome groups (responders and nonresponders). Clinical response was defined as >50% reduction in seizure frequency. Unstandardized effect sizes were collected for the studies for responder and nonresponder groups. Sample size was used as the weight in the meta-analysis. The random effects model was used to account for heterogeneity in the studies. Results: The 46 reports included 186 and 96 patients in responder and nonresponder groups respectively. Mean age of the responders and nonresponders was 43 and 31 years ( p < 0.01). Responders were more likely to have cell-surface antibodies (68% versus 39%, p < 0.05), particularly voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibodies ( p < 0.01). Mean duration from symptom onset to diagnosis, and symptom onset to initiation of immunomodulation was significantly lower among the responders (75 versus 431 days, p < 0.05, and 80 versus 554, p < 0.01, respectively). There was no outcome difference based on gender, MRI characteristics, seizure type, type of acute immunomodulatory therapy, or use of chronic immunomodulation. Conclusions: Among published cases to date, older age, presence of cell-surface antibodies, early diagnosis and immunomodulatory treatment are associated with better seizure outcomes among patients with autoimmune epilepsy.
Investigating the KNDy Hypothesis in Humans by Coadministration of Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B, and Naltrexone in Men
Authors: Narayanaswamy Shakunthala , Prague Julia K. , Jayasena Channa N. , Papadopoulou Deborah A. , Mizamtsidi Maria , Shah Amar J. , Bassett Paul , Comninos Alexander N. , Abbara Ali , Bloom Stephen R. , Veldhuis Johannes D. , Dhillo Waljit S. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Context:
A subpopulation of hypothalamic neurons colocalize three neuropeptides, namely kisspeptin, neurokinin B (NKB), and dynorphin, collectively termed KNDy neurons. Animal studies suggest they interact to affect pulsatile GnRH release (KNDy hypothesis); kisspeptin stimulates, NKB modulates, and dynorphin (an opioid) inhibits.

Objective:
To investigate the KNDy hypothesis in humans, we assessed for the first time the effects of the coadministration of kisspeptin-54, NKB, and an opioid receptor antagonist, naltrexone, on LH pulsatility (surrogate marker for GnRH pulsatility) and gonadotropin release.

Design, Setting, and Participants:
This was an ethically approved prospective, single-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Healthy male volunteers (n = 5/group) attended our research facility for eight study visits.

Intervention and Main Outcome Measure:
After 1 hour of baseline blood sampling, participants received a different intervention at each visit: oral 50 mg naltrexone, 8-hour iv infusions of vehicle, 2.56 nmol/kg · h NKB, 0.1 nmol/kg · h kissspeptin-54 (KP) alone and in combination. Frequent blood sampling to measure plasma gonadotropins and sex steroids was conducted and LH pulsatility was determined using blinded deconvolution analysis.

Results:
All kisspeptin and naltrexone containing groups potently increased LH and LH pulsatility (P &lt; .001 vs vehicle). NKB alone did not affect gonadotropins. NKB+KP had significantly lower increases in gonadotropins compared with kisspeptin alone (P &lt; .01). Naltrexone+KP was the only group to significantly increase LH pulse amplitude (P &lt; .001 vs vehicle).

Conclusions:
Our results suggest significant interactions between the KNDy neuropeptides on LH pulsatility and gonadotropin release in humans. This has important implications for improving our understanding of GnRH pulse generation in humans.
PFA fixation enables artifact-free super-resolution imaging of the actin cytoskeleton and associated proteins
Authors: Leyton-Puig Daniela , Kedziora Katarzyna M. , Isogai Tadamoto , van den Broek Bram , Jalink Kees , Innocenti Metello 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) allows precise localization of proteins in cellular organelles and structures, including the actin cytoskeleton. Yet sample preparation protocols for SRM are rather anecdotal and still being optimized. Thus, SRM-based imaging of the actin cytoskeleton and associated proteins often remains challenging and poorly reproducible. Here, we show that proper paraformaldehyde (PFA)-based sample preparation preserves the architecture of the actin cytoskeleton almost as faithfully as gold-standard glutaraldehyde fixation. We show that this fixation is essential for proper immuno-based localization of actin-binding and actin-regulatory proteins involved in the formation of lamellipodia and ruffles, such as mDia1, WAVE2 and clathrin heavy chain, and provide detailed guidelines for the execution of our method. In summary, proper PFA-based sample preparation increases the multi-color possibilities and the reproducibility of SRM of the actin cytoskeleton and its associated proteins.
Otimização da colônia de formigas aplicada ao problema da programação e roteirização de veículos para o transporte de pessoas portadoras de deficiência
Authors: Baba Cristina Mayumi , Corrêa Fernanda Henriques Martins , Souza Sabrina Alessandra Cordeiro de , Wahba Thais Mandel , Medina Afonso Celso 
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho propõe uma heurística de solução para o problema da programação e roteirização de veículos para o transporte de pessoas portadoras de deficiência. Neste tipo de problema, conhecido na literatura como “problema do dial-a-ride”, os usuários fazemsolicitações de transporte de um ponto específico de embarque para um ponto específico de desembarque. O objetivo do problema é determinar uma programação de rotas que atenda às solicitações de transportes sujeita às restrições de número de veículos disponíveis, janelas detempo nos pontos de coleta e entrega, capacidade do veículo, precedência da coleta sobre a entrega e tempo máximo de tolerância do passageiro dentro do veículo. O problema estudado neste artigo aplica-se ao caso em que a frota de veículos é finita, heterogênea e os veículos partem de diferentes garagens dispostas geograficamente na região de onde surgem as solicitações. A heurística proposta é baseada na meta-heurística da colônia de formigas e procura maximizar o número de solicitações atendidas ao menor custo possível. Osresultados computacionais, obtidos a partir da aplicação da heurística em dados reais de um operador da cidade de Sorocaba-SP, sugerem um desempenho promissor para a utilização da otimização da colônia de formigas no problema do dial-a-ride.
Processo de desenvolvimento para projetos tecnológicos: Uma abordagem baseada em survey
Authors: Durscki Roberto Cesar , Soeke Marcelo Eduardo , Bunet Robert Carlisle , Reinehr Sheila Dos Santos 
Published: July 2016

Este trabalho apresenta um processo de desenvolvimento de projetos computacionais acadêmicos desenvolvido com base em um survey feito com alunos da PUC-PR. Apresentarse-á a motivação para o desenvolvimento do processo, as dificuldades e carências dosalunos reveladas pelo survey, a influencia dos resultados da pesquisa no processo desenvolvido e, finalmente, o processo em si. As considerações finais do artigo discutem a relevância deste trabalho na formação dos novos profissionais da área tecnológica, reforçando as principais características do processo proposto.
Partial Hölder continuity for nonlinear sub-elliptic systems with VMO-coefficients in the Heisenberg group
Authors: Wang Jialin , Manfredi Juan J. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We consider nonlinear sub-elliptic systems with VMO-coefficients in the Heisenberg group and prove partial Hölder continuity results for weak solutions using a generalization of the technique of

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‘The world ain’t all sunshine’: Investigating the relationship between mean world beliefs, conservatism and crime TV exposure
Authors: Jöckel Sven , Früh Hannah 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCultivation research argues that mean world beliefs are cultivated through media consumption. Our study expands this notion of cultivation research by integrating approaches from political psychology on conservatism and moral foundation theory, providing complementary explanations for mean world beliefs. Focusing on crime TV exposure and mean world beliefs, we expect both to be rooted in a conservative world view accentuated by the valuing of certain moral foundations. Participants (
Product placement and the credibility of television journalism. An RTR-supported experiment on the relationship between product placement, expert statements, and viewer perceptions in consumer-advice programs
Authors: Roessing Thomas , Jackob Nikolaus , Renner Karl N. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEmbedding a product or a brand into journalistic content may have a negative impact on how the content’s credibility is perceived by recipients. However, research has not been able to convincingly prove that product placement has an effect on how recipients perceive and evaluate media content. This particularly applies to context effects, such as the effect that the number of visible products or brands has on the perceived credibility of the journalistic content the placement is embedded in. This study addresses two questions: whether the use of visible products or brands embedded in journalistic content influences the credibility that recipients attribute to such content, and how the tenor of the content, positive or negative, interacts with the placed products. Based on experimental findings and real-time response measurements, we conclude that the number of visible products does not significantly affect the credibility attributed to journalistic content and that judgments about credibility are influenced by the interaction between the number of products placed and the tenor of the content.
The effectiveness of narrative communication in road safety education: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Oschatz Corinna , Klimmt Christoph 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study investigated the effectiveness of narrative communication in the applied field of road safety education. A narrative message about the risks of road accidents was compared to a message without elements of storytelling but with a focus on road safety statistics. Novice drivers’ evaluation of risk connected to speeding was assessed as the target attitude. Transportation, facilitation of comprehension, and para-social interaction with protagonists were proposed as mediators of the persuasive message impact. Gender was examined as a moderator of the narrativity–attitude relationship. Results of a field experiment (