bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroretinal Dysfunctions in Regular Cannabis Users: An Impact of Cannabis on Retinal Neurotransmission?
Authors: Schwitzer T. , Schwan R. , Giersch A. , Albuisson E. , Angioi-Duprez K. , Laprevote V. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAlthough cannabis is very widespread worldwide, its brain toxicity is poorly understood. The neuroretina is an accessible extension of the brain and could be a relevant site for investigating neurotransmission abnormalities in neuropsychiatric disorders. The retina has a functional endocannabinoid system involved in the regulation of retinal neurotransmission. In animals, the modulation of this system led to retinal dysfunctions measured with the electroretinogram (ERG).ObjectivesTo assess whether the regular cannabis use could affect the neuroretinal function.AimsAssessments of the neuroretinal function in cannabis users compared with controls.MethodsRecordings of pattern, flash and on-off ERG were performed in 55 cannabis users and 29 controls. The amplitude and implicit time of the following waves were evaluated: N95 (pattern); a – and b – (flash); a –, b- and d1 – (on-off).ResultsCannabis users showed a significant increase in implicit time of the waves N95 (P = 0.0001), a- (P = 0.029) and b – (P = 0.002) for the flash ERG and b – (P = 0.016) and d1 – (P = 0.027) for the on-off ERG, compared with controls. No significant difference was found between groups in terms of wave's amplitudes.ConclusionsThese results show a delay in the response of cones, bipolar and ganglion cells of the on and off pathways to constitute a delay of ≈ 6 ms in the transmission of information from the retina to the brain in cannabis users. Cannabis could disrupt the regulatory role of the cannabinoid system and impair retinal glutamatergic neurotransmission. The consequences on visual perception should be explored in future studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Patterns of Eeg Coherence Associated with Emotional Burnout
Authors: Tukaiev S. , Zyma I. 
Published: June 2017

One of the main problems is evaluation of the influence of emotiongenic factors in everyday life and interpersonal communication on an individual. Burnout is a mechanism of psychological defense, which is responsible for partial or total loss of emotions in response to stressful situations during interpersonal communication. The changes of functional connectivity between different regions of brain in the rest state depends on the current level of brain activation, which, in turn, depends on the initial emotional state. The development of emotional burnout is characterized by decrease of information capacity of the brain: reduction of spatial synchronization provides delayed and less efficient spread of excitation in the cerebral cortex. The decrease of interhemispheric coherence of low and high-frequency components of EEG may indicate the increase of level of differentiation of neuronal groups. In women, decrease of coherence in theta-subband indicates the influence of burnout on attention concentration, working memory, and emotional processes. In men weakening of the relationship between left frontal and right occipital zones indicates the weakness of informational aggregation, reducing readiness of the neural centers for processing information in the “cognitive axis”. Reduction of the level of coherence of alpha band may indicate problems of psychological adaptation within the experiment in examined groups of men with the Resistance stage of burnout. These EEG features allow us to conclude that participants with Resistance stage were concentrated on negative emotional reactions. Study indicates that men are more vulnerable to stress-induced conditions, which lead to burnout.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Efficacy of CBT Plus Acceptance & Commitment Therapy Versus CBT Alone for Obsessive-compulsive Disorder. Protocol for a Randomised Single-blinded Superiority Trial
Authors: Pozza A. , Domenichetti S. , Giaquinta N. , Davide D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionCognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the first-line psychological treatment for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). However, 30% of individuals have a null or partial response. Preliminary evidence suggested that Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT) may be effective. No study investigated whether the association of CBT with ACT may improve outcomes of CBT alone.ObjectivesThis paper presents the protocol of a trial where individuals with OCD will be randomly assigned to CBT alone or CBT plus ACT. Primary endpoints will be the number of individuals meeting OCD diagnostic criteria at post-treatment and follow-up. Secondary endpoints will be self-reported depression, anxiety, disgust and guilt, and obsessive beliefs. It is hypothesized that CBT plus ACT is associated to fewer individuals meeting OCD criteria and greater reductions in secondary endpoints.MethodsA single-blinded superiority randomised design will be used. Primary/secondary outcomes will be administered at baseline, post-treatment and 6-month follow-up. Treatment duration will be 25 weekly sessions in both conditions. Individuals (age ≥ 18 years) with OCD diagnosis will be recruited at mental health services in a 60.000 inhabitants area in Italy. Chi squared will be computed to test group differences on OCD diagnosis. ANCOVAs will be calculated entering baseline scores as covariates, group allocation as random factor and primary/secondary outcomes as dependent variables.ResultsTo obtain a medium effect size, 80% power and 0.05 significance, a priori power analysis suggests inclusion for at least 34 individuals as total sample.ConclusionsA description of the protocol will be provided. Strengths and potential limitations will be addressed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Overlapping Infinity Loops, Wire Cube, Clock Drawing Tests and their Combined Score for Cognitive Impairment in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia
Authors: Charernboon T. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the overlapping infinity loops, wire cube, clock drawing tests (CDT) and the combined score in the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.MethodsThe participants were 60 normal controls (NC), 35 patients with MCI, and 47 patients with dementia. For the overlapping infinity loops and wire cube tests, the participants were told to copy the figures from the examples. For the CDT, the participants were asked to draw a clock face with numbers on it with the hands at ten past five.ResultsThe results illustrate that infinity loops, cube, or CDT alone, or combined score, were not able to discriminate between NC and MCI groups. In dementia detection, the CDT had the highest diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 76.6% and specificity 87.4%) followed by infinity loops (sensitivity 83.7% and specificity 78.9%) and cube (sensitivity 93.6% and specificity 46.3%). Additionally, when the three tests were combined, better diagnostic accuracy was demonstrated with a sensitivity of 87.2% and specificity 86.3%.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the three drawing tests are sensitive detectors of dementia but not MCI. The combination of these three drawing tests is a brief tool of good diagnostic accuracy for dementia screening.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Prescribing Tricyclic Antidepressants in the Elderly
Authors: Oueslati B. , Oumaya M. , Bouzid R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAlthough not recommended as a first-line treatment for old patients with depressive, anxiety or somatic symptom disorders, we continue seeing tricyclic antidepressants being frequently prescribed.ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence and to assess the implementation of safety measures related to the prescription of such molecules in the elderly. To explain their choice as a first-line treatment.MethodsWe included all new patients aged 65 years or over between 1st January 2011 and 31st December 2015 whom, were prescribed an antidepressant. Recommendations of the Canadian coalition for seniors’ mental health, of the world federation of societies of biological psychiatry and of the national institute for health and care excellence were our evaluation tools. We compared tricyclic receivers to those having newer antidepressants to try to understand the choice of tricyclics as a first-line treatment.ResultsEighty patients were included. Mean age was of 75 years. 46% were prescribed a tricyclic as a first line treatment. Depressive disorders were the most diagnosed ones (79%) followed by anxiety disorders (14%) and somatic symptom disorders (7%). An electrocardiogram was not performed to all patients prior to the initiation of the tricyclic nor at anytime later. 11% continued being prescribed tricyclics in spite of contraindications. Only a low economic level was significantly related to their choice as a first-line treatment (P = 0.001).ConclusionsTricyclics’ prescribing rate was high. Safety measures were not applied for all patients. Regular availability of newer antidepressants in public health structures and a better awareness of antidepressants prescribing guidelines in the elderly are mandatory.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Medical Staff's Social Representation on Elderly with Psychiatric Disorder: Impacts About the Life Project
Authors: Salime S. , Clesse C. , Prudent C. , Dumand I. , Batt M. 
Published: June 2017

Today, the questioning about the life project of elderly with mental disorders seems not to be a priority of research and politics. Many studies shows that social representation of this specific population are mostly negative. They impact the place of these subjects on their social and community integration into the society. The purpose of our research work is to identify the nature of health professional's social representation involved in the accompaniment of these subjects. In that case, the authors aim to identify it impact on their life project. Consequently, the authors interviewed 715 professionals (doctors, psychologists and nurses) with the free association method of Abric. A prototypical and categorical analysis was conducted with the help of IRAMUTEQ software. Then a factorial analysis was performed in order to identify which factors could be possibly linked with some dimensions of the social representation we isolated (age, sex, profession and study level). Results shows that social representation of health professionals is really close to the social representation of the rest of population. To conclude, the authors will discuss about the influence and impact of this social representation on the decision process concerning the life project developed by the medical staff in psychiatryDisclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
I was not so
Authors: Gordillo Montaño M.J. , Ramos Perdigues S. , Guillén Guillén E. , Lopez Berastegui O. , Guisado Rico M. , Boned Torres S.V. , De Amuedo Rincon M. , Merino del Villar C. , Latorre S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe frontal lobes are the brain structures of latest development and evolution in the human brain. It is considered that the frontal lobes represent the “executive center of the brain”. The frontal tumors represent 16% of all supratentorial tumors. Symptoms are easily confused as psychiatric rather than neurological.ObjectivesCan see the alterations of the executive functions in a case of frontal affectation, for future cases know where to focus our attention and develop concepts associated with frontal lobe.MethodThirty-year-old patient without relevant medical history. Go to the emergency department with major episode of agitation. After performing cranial CT abnormality, it is detected in the front area. Sign up study. It presents amnesia episode before admission, whereupon shown stunned and worried. The patient describes a change in your life 12 months ago, when it begins to be more nervous, increasing their impulsiveness, she has episodes of binge eating, purging behavior with subsequent occasional alcohol abuse. Jealousy. The patient is informed as much as your family of the possible impact of the injury on the behavioral sphere and impulse control when it is still unknown origin.ConclusionsFrom a neuropsychological point of view the frontal lobes represent a system of planning, regulation and control of psychological processes; coordination and allow selection of multiple processes and various behavioral options and strategies available to the human being. Tumour research is important as it provides enough information we cognitive impairment. These patients exhibit symptoms that are easily confused as psychiatric rather than neurological.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pregabalin Pain and Anxiety Treatment in Oncological Patient–Case Report
Authors: Popovic D. , Pavicevic D. 
Published: June 2017

Severe side effects of chemotherapy during treatment of malignant disease significantly disrupt patient's mental and physical state. Seventy five-years-old female patient was treated for breast cancer by protocol (operation, radiotherapy, chemotherapy-paclitaxel (CHT-PX) every tree weeks) and for dysthymia and generalized anxiety disorder with escitalopram (ESC). Tramadol (TRA) and clonazepam (KLO) given by oncologist due to severe side effects of CHT-PX: muscle cramps, lower back pain, walking difficulties, had partial results, increased anxiety and drug abuse (TRA doses increase from 100 to 300 mg/day and KLO from 4 to 6 mg/day). Efficiency of pregabalin (PG) in pain and anxiety control during CHT-PX application. The assessment was made by 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS), which assessed physical symptom severity and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) on the first day after CHT-PX application, on the 7th, 14th and 21th day. Effective PG dose was 300 mg/day with EST, KLO and TRA previously taken. On the first day after CHT-PX, patient rated pain level as 9 according to VAS. During TRA and KLO treatment, pain level on VAS was 6 from the 7th till 14th day after CHT-PX, on 21th day deceased to 2. HAMA score was 49. After PG augmentation, according to VAS, pain level was 3 on the 7th day and 0 on 14th day. HAMA score was 20. Tapering off the dose of TRA and KLO started till discontinuation of both medications. Pregabalin efficiency in pain and anxiety control increase compliance of oncological patient and reduce harm of drug abuse.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Disadvantage of Social Sensitivity: Interaction of Oxytocin Receptor Genotype and Child Maltreatment on Brain Structure
Authors: Dannlowski U. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundOxytocin has received much attention as a pro-social and anxiolytic neuropeptide. In human studies, the G-allele of a common variant (rs53576) in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) has been associated with protective properties such as reduced stress response and higher receptiveness for social support. In contrast, recent studies suggest a detrimental role of the rs53576 G-allele in the context of childhood maltreatment. To further elucidate the role of OXTR, gene by maltreatment (GxE) interactions on brain structure and function were investigated.Methodsn = 309 healthy participants genotyped for OXTR rs53576 underwent structural as well as functional MRI during a common emotional face-matching task. Childhood maltreatment was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Gray matter volumes were investigated by means of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) across the entire brain.ResultsStructural MRI data revealed a strong interaction of rs53576 genotype and CTQ-scores, mapping specifically to the bilateral ventral striatum. GG homozygotes but not A-allele carriers showed strong gray matter reduction with increasing CTQ-scores. In turn, lower ventral striatum gray matter volumes were associated with lower reward dependence, a pro-social trait. Furthermore, the G-allele was associated with increased amygdala responsiveness to emotional facial expressions.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the G-allele constitutes a vulnerability factor for specific alterations of limbic brain structure in individuals with adverse childhood experiences, complemented by increased limbic responsiveness to emotional interpersonal stimuli. While oxytocinergic signalling facilitates attachment and bonding in supportive social environments, this attunement for social cues may turn disadvantageous under early adverse conditions.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Health screening audit – south Barnet PCMH pilot
Authors: Rahmanian H. 
Published: June 2017

Physical health monitoring is an integral part of caring for patients with mental health problems. It is proven that serious physical health problems are more common among patients with severe mental health illness (SMI), this monitoring can be challenging and there is a need for improvement.AimsThe aim of this project was to improve the physical health monitoring for patients with mental health illness. The patients group was under the care of south Barnet primary care mental health pilot (SB PCMH Pilot). SB PCMH pilot is a multidisciplinary team that includes: consultant psychiatrist mental health nurse and psychologist.ResultsBetween November to December 2014, 60 patients were discharged from SB PCMHT and the electronic case notes of 38 of them who had an assessment/intervention by the service were reviewed. Results showed that 82% of the records verified that discussion and screening of physical health, smoking, drugs and alcohol had been completed. The data was discussed in team meetings with all team members. After thorough team discussions and brainstorming; the team agreed that an improvement in the process of monitoring was needed to work towards ensuring these matters are discussed with 100% patients and that this is accurately recorded. It was agreed to re-audit in 3 months.Re-auditA re-audit completed between January to April 2015 confirmed an improvement as 98% of patients seen for an assessment by SB PCMH pilot have had their annual health checks and appropriate health screenings discussed and recorded routinely.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The NYMPHA-MD Project: Next Generation Mobile Platforms for Health, in Mental Disorders
Authors: Faurholt-Jepsen M. 
Published: June 2017

Bipolar Disorder is a common and complex mental disorder with a prevalence of 1-2% and accounts as one of the most important causes of disability at age 15-44 years worldwide.Electronic versions of self-monitoring tools and symptom registration using computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), text messages, and web interfaces have been described in the literature and a large number of commercial Smartphone applications for patients with bipolar disorder are available.The Next Generation Mobile Platforms for Health, in Mental Disorders project (the NYMPHA-MD project), funded by the European Union's Seventh Framework program for research, technological development and demonstration, focuses on the implementation of a Pre-Commercial Procurement of mobile e-health service for supporting physicians and patients in the treatment of bipolar disorder through continuous patients monitoring in order to dynamically support illness management and potentially identify early warning signs.The NYMPHA-MD project will define the framework of a Pre-Commercial Procurement for the provisioning of next generation services advocated for mental health treatment with a special focus on bipolar disorder based on the use of new technologies, open standards and open platforms.The NYMPHA-MD project will focus on identifying requirements involved in the structuring of mental health services with a focus on bipolar disorder treatment including medical, technological, patients, legal, ethical, policy, risk management and business-orientation needs in order to construct a reference model of service provisioning useful in different European contexts.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive emotional regulation in Romanian general medicine students
Authors: Romosan R.S. , Romosan A.M. , Enatescu V.R. , Papava I. , Giurgi-Oncu C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDuring medical school, students experience significant amounts of stress. Since certain emotion regulatory strategies are known to be maladaptive, the way in which students are capable to regulate their emotions becomes very important, because it can affect their physical and mental welfare.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess cognitive emotion regulation strategies in Romanian general medicine (GM) students.MethodsThe study was conducted between 2015–2016 on 86 sixth-year Romanian GM undergraduates from the Timisoara “Victor Babes” university of medicine and pharmacy. In order to identify the cognitive emotion regulation strategies (or cognitive coping strategies) that students use after experiencing negative situations or life events we used the Romanian version of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (CERQ).ResultsThe sample consisted of 30 (34.9%) males and 56 (65.1%) females, with ages ranging between 24 and 31 years (mean age = 24.97 years, SD = 1.74). Compared to female students, males obtained significantly lower mean scores in “umination” (t = -2.84, P = 0.005, 95% CI = -1.64; -0.29), “positive refocusing” (t = -2.09, P = 0.037, 95% CI = -1.42; -0.04) and “catastrophizing” (t = -3.17, P = 0.002, 95% CI = -1.31; -0.3). Both male and female GM students had significantly higher mean scores in “blaming others” than their respectively gender-related general population.ConclusionsResults of this study suggest that GM students, when facing stressful or negative events, are more inclined in using “blaming others” as a coping strategy. Female students seem to be more inclined than males to use “rumination”, “catastrophizing” and “positive refocusing” as cognitive coping mechanisms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.