bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent trafficking of flavocytochrome b558 and myeloperoxidase to phagosomes during phagocytosis visualised by energy‐filtering and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy‐scanning transmission electron microscopy
Authors: MORIGUCHI KEIICHI 
Published: November 2017

SummaryWhen polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) phagocytose opsonised zymosan particles (OPZ), free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed in the phagosomes. ROS production is mediated by NADPH oxidase (Nox), which transfers electrons in converting oxygen to superoxide (O2−). Nox‐generated O2− is rapidly converted to other ROS. Free radical‐forming secretory vesicles containing the Nox redox center flavocytochrome b558, a membrane protein, and azurophil granules with packaged myeloperoxidase (MPO) have been described. Presuming the probable fusion of these vesicular and granular organelles with phagosomes, the translation process of the enzymes was investigated using energy‐filtering and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy‐scanning transmission electron microscopy. In this work, the primary method for imaging cerium (Ce) ions demonstrated the localisation of H2O2 generated by phagocytosing PMNs. The MPO activity of the same PMNs was continuously monitored using 0.1% 3,3′‐diaminobenzidine‐tetrahydrochloride (DAB) and 0.01% H2O2. A detailed view of these vesicular and granular structures was created by overlaying each electron micrograph with pseudocolors: blue for Ce and green for nitrogen (N).
Phase retrieval based on coded splitting modulation
Authors: YAO Y. , HE X. , LIU C. , ZHU JIANQIANG 
Published: November 2017

SummaryA new coded splitting imaging technique is proposed to reconstruct the complex amplitude of a light field iteratively using a single‐shot measurement. In this technique, a specially designed coded splitting plate is adopted to diffract the illuminating beam into multiple beams of different orders and code their wavefronts independently and differently. From the diffraction pattern array recorded on the detector plane, both the modulus and phase distributions of the illuminating beam can be reconstructed iteratively using known transmission functions of different orders of the coded splitting plate. The feasibility of the proposed technique is verified both numerically and experimentally.
Treating multiple body parts for skin laxity and fat deposits using a novel focused radiofrequency device with an ultrasound component: Safety and efficacy study
Authors: Chilukuri Suneel , Denjean Dominique , Fouque Linda 
Published: November 2017

SummaryBackground and objectivesGrowing demand for noninvasive skin tightening and reduction in fat results in an increasing pressure for devices with good clinical efficacy, consistency of results, and high patient comfort. The objective was to validate clinical efficacy and versatility of a novel device, which combines radiofrequency (RF) and ultrasound for treating skin laxity and fat deposits.MethodsWe treated 34 subjects with facial skin laxity and/or abundant body or arm fat deposits. Subjects were divided based on their indications. Ten subjects received treatments to the face, 7 subjects to arms, 8 subjects to thighs, and 9 subjects on abdomen. All patients received 4 treatments on a weekly basis. Photographs of patients were assessed by blinded evaluators to recognize the baseline images from the 3‐month follow‐up images. Patient comfort and satisfaction were evaluated using a 5‐point Likert scale questionnaire. Any adverse events were recorded.ResultsPatient images were correctly recognized in >90% of cases in all study groups. Patient questionnaires showed overall satisfaction with the therapy course and results. On a scale of 1 to 5, the patients agreed (4.1) that they are satisfied with the results that the treatment is comfortable (4.1) and that they are satisfied with the treatment time (4.1). No adverse events were reported.ConclusionsConsistent clinical efficacy was confirmed across all the treated areas, together with high patient comfort and satisfaction. We conclude the device is a highly versatile solution that can deliver results across body parts and different indications.
A PROGRESS REPORT ON MARXIAN ECONOMIC THEORY: ON THE CONTROVERSIES IN EXPLOITATION THEORY SINCE OKISHIO (1963)
Authors: Yoshihara Naoki 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis report explores the development of exploitation theory in mathematical Marxian economics by reviewing the main controversies surrounding the proper definition of exploitation since the contribution of Okishio. The report first examines the debates on the Fundamental Marxian Theorem and Class‐Exploitation Correspondence Principle, developed mainly in the 1970s and 1980s, followed by the property relation theory of exploitation by Roemer. Then, the more recent exploitation theory proposed by Vrousalis and Wright is introduced. Finally, the report introduces and comments on recent axiomatic studies of exploitation by focusing on the work of Veneziani and Yoshihara.
Mini‐implants and narrow diameter implants as mandibular overdenture retainers: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical and radiographic outcomes
Authors: Marcello‐Machado R. M. , Faot F. , Schuster A. J. , Nascimento G. G. , Del Bel Cury A. A. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThis study reviews the clinical and radiographic outcomes of Mini‐implants (MI) and Narrow Diameter Implants (NDI) as mandibular overdenture (MO) retainers. Six databases were consulted for clinical studies that evaluated implants with diameter ≤3.5 mm. Data on the MI and NDI for survival and success rate and peri‐implant bone loss and were collected and submitted to meta‐analysis. Thirty‐six studies were included, 24 reporting MI performance and 12 describing NDI results. The MI group comprised data from 1 cross‐sectional clinical study, 3 retrospective longitudinal (RL) clinical studies, 13 prospective longitudinal (PL) clinical studies and 7 randomised clinical trials (RCT) with follow‐up periods ranging from 1 day to 7 years. Eight studies used conventional loading, thirteen used immediate loading, two studies used both loading types, and one study did not report. The NDI group comprised data from 3 RL clinical studies, 6 PL clinical studies and 3 RCT with follow‐up ranging from 6 months to 10 years. Ten studies used conventional loading, 1 study used immediate loading, and 1 study did not report. The average survival rates of MI and NDI studies were 98% and 98%, respectively, while the average success rates were 93% and 96%, respectively. The average peri‐implant bone loss after 12, 24 and 36 months was 0.89, 1.18 and 1.02 mm for MI and 0.18, 0.12 and ‐0.32 mm for NDI. Both MI and NDI showed adequate clinical behaviour as overdenture retainers. The NDI showed a better long‐term predictability to retain OM with most studies adopting conventional loading.
Effect of Home Bleaching on the Translucency of CAD/CAM Systems
Authors: Karci Muhammet , Demir Necla 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of a home bleaching agent (Opalescence PF) on the translucency of CAD/CAM ceramic systems.Materials and MethodsThe 28 sintered ceramic specimens (IPS Empress CAD and IPS e.max CAD; 15 mm long, 10 mm wide, 1 mm thick) were divided into two subgroups as control and bleaching groups (n = 7). Carbamide peroxide (CP), 16%, home bleaching agent was applied onto the surface of each specimen for 6 hours per day for 7 days. A spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade Advance) was used to measure the CIE L*a* b* coordinates and the reflectance value (Y) of the specimens on white and black backgrounds. The translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), and opalescence parameter (OP) of the specimens were calculated. The data were statistically analyzed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov, one‐way ANOVA, Tukey's test, and Pearson's correlation.ResultsStatistically significant differences in the TP values after 16% CP bleaching treatment were observed (p ˂ 0.05); however, no significant differences were found in the OP and CR values after the surface treatment (p ˃ 0.05).ConclusionsAccording to our study, patients who have all‐ceramic restorations in their mouths should be careful when using home bleaching agents, because whitening agents can affect the translucency of all‐ceramic restorations such as e.max CAD and Empress CAD.
The convergence and divergence of impulsivity facets in daily life
Authors: Sperry Sarah H. , Lynam Donald R. , Kwapil Thomas R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveImpulsivity appears to be best conceptualized as a multidimensional construct. For example, the UPPS‐P model posits that there are five underlying facets of impulsivity. The present study examined the expression of the UPPS‐P facets in daily life using experience sampling methodology. A specific goal of the study was to examine positive urgency, a facet added to the original UPPS model, and its convergence and divergence from the negative urgency facet.MethodA large nonclinical sample of young adults (n = 294) completed the UPPS‐P scale and was signaled to complete questionnaires assessing daily affect, cognitions, sense of self, and impulsive behaviors eight times a day for 7 days.ResultsResults indicated that the UPPS‐P facets are associated with disruptions in affect, cognitions, and behavior in daily life. Furthermore, all of the UPPS‐P facets were associated with impulsivity in daily life. Contrary to expectation, positive urgency was associated with negative affect rather than positive affect and had a profile indistinguishable from negative urgency.ConclusionsThese results generally support a four‐factor model of multidimensional impulsivity with a general overall urgency factor instead of separate positive and negative urgency facets.
Evaluation of a sudden unexpected death in infancy intervention programme aimed at improving parental awareness of risk factors and protective infant care practices
Authors: McIntosh Christine , Trenholme Adrian , Stewart Joanna , Vogel Alison 
Published: November 2017

AimSudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) rates for Māori and Pacific infants remain higher than for other ethnic groups in New Zealand and bed‐sharing is a major risk factor when there is smoking exposure in pregnancy. Sleep space programmes of education and Pēpi‐Pod baby beds require evaluation.MethodsTwo hundred and forty Māori and Pacific women and infants were randomised 1:1, to the Pēpi‐Pod sleep space programme, or to a control group with ‘usual care’. When infants were under 2 weeks of age, baseline interviews occurred, followed up by interviews at 2 and 4 months of age to assess safe sleep knowledge, infant care practices and Pēpi‐Pod use and acceptability. All participants were offered a New Zealand Standard approved portable cot.ResultsAt baseline, 25% of babies did not have a baby bed. Knowledge of smoking and bed‐sharing as SUDI risks improved at follow‐up in both groups. One quarter regularly bed‐shared at follow‐up in both groups. Intention to bed‐share was a strong predictor of subsequent behaviour. Pēpi‐Pods were regularly used by 46% at 2 months and 16% at 4 months follow‐up.ConclusionsBed‐sharing and knowledge improvement were similar irrespective of group. It is likely that the impact of the intervention was reduced because the control group received better support than ‘usual care’ and all participants had a baby bed. New Zealand SUDI rates have declined since sleep space programmes have been available. Sleep space programmes should be prioritised for those with modifiable SUDI risk.
A two‐sector Keynesian model of business cycles
Authors: Murakami Hiroki 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we examine the effect of sectoral interactions on business cycles in a simple Keynesian model. As a first step for introducing viewpoints of multiple sectors in the context of business cycles, we consider a dual economy in which there are only two kinds of goods: the consumption good and the investment good. By examining a two‐sector Keynesian model, we intend to take a look at some phenomena induced by interactions between the consumption good sector and the investment good sector, which cannot be observed in one‐sector models. We then find that the stability of equilibrium and the possibility of emergence of a periodic orbit depend on whether the Keynesian stability condition holds or not and that along periodic orbits (business cycles), the consumption good sector lags behind the investment good sector and that the volatility (measured by the ratio of the amplitude of cycles to the equilibrium value) of the investment sector is larger than that of the consumption good sector. Also, we supplement the analysis by performing numerical simulations.
Acute kidney injury in critically ill surgical patients: Epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes
Authors: Trongtrakul Konlawij , Sawawiboon Chaiwut , Wang Amanda Y , Chitsomkasem Anusang , Limphunudom Ploynapas , Kurathong Sathit , Prommool Surazee , Trakarnvanich Thananda , Srisawat Nattachai 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTAimAcute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most serious complications seen in intensive care units (ICUs). However, its epidemiology, risk factors and clinical outcomes in surgical critically ill patients remains unclear.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted in surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of the university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. AKI was diagnosed according to the KDIGO 2012 criteria.ResultsA total of 189 of the 400 patients enrolled in our study developed AKI (47.3%). The severity was: stage 1 = 29.6% of all AKI (56 cases), stage 2 = 30.7% (58 cases), and stage 3 = 39.7% (75 cases). Risk factors of AKI development included a higher BMI, a greater APACHE‐II score, septic shock, use of mechanical ventilation, acute medical complications during surgical admission, and pre‐existing chronic kidney disease. After adjustment for covariates, only the most severe stage of AKI (stage 3) was associated with increasing 28‐day ICU mortality compared with no AKI stage, HR = 7.75 (95% CI, 1.46–41.20, P = 0.02).ConclusionAcute kidney injury is common and is associated with an increase in mortality in surgical ICU patients. There should be more focus on patients with AKI risk factors to prevent this deleterious event.
Dual‐flow‐RootChip reveals local adaptations of roots towards environmental asymmetry at the physiological and genetic levels
Authors: Stanley Claire E. , Shrivastava Jagriti , Brugman Rik , Heinzelmann Elisa , van Swaay Dirk , Grossmann Guido 
Published: November 2017

Summary

Roots grow in highly dynamic and heterogeneous environments. Biological activity as well as uneven nutrient availability or localized stress factors result in diverse microenvironments. Plants adapt their root morphology in response to changing environmental conditions, yet it remains largely unknown to what extent developmental adaptations are based on systemic or cell‐autonomous responses.

We present the dual‐flow‐RootChip, a microfluidic platform for asymmetric perfusion of Arabidopsis roots to investigate root–environment interactions under simulated environmental heterogeneity. Applications range from investigating physiology, root hair development and calcium signalling upon selective exposure to environmental stresses to tracing molecular uptake, performing selective drug treatments and localized inoculations with microbes.

Using the dual‐flow‐RootChip, we revealed cell‐autonomous adaption of root hair development under asymmetric phosphate (Pi) perfusion, with unexpected repression in root hair growth on the side exposed to low Pi and rapid tip‐growth upregulation when Pi concentrations increased. The asymmetric root environment further resulted in an asymmetric gene expression of RSL4, a key transcriptional regulator of root hair growth.

Our findings demonstrate that roots possess the capability to locally adapt to heterogeneous conditions in their environment at the physiological and transcriptional levels. Being able to generate asymmetric microenvironments for roots will help further elucidate decision‐making processes in root–environment interactions.
Evolutionary dynamics of interactions between plants and their enemies: comparison of herbivorous insects and pathogens
Authors: Wininger Kerry , Rank Nathan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPlants colonized land over 400 million years ago. Shortly thereafter, organisms began to consume terrestrial plant tissue as a nutritional resource. Most plant enemies are plant pathogens or herbivores, and they impose natural selection for plants to evolve defenses. These traits generate selection pressures on enemies. Coevolution between terrestrial plants and their enemies is an important element of the evolutionary history of both groups. However, coevolutionary studies of plant–pathogen interactions have tended to focus on different research topics than plant–herbivore interactions. Specifically, studies of plant–pathogen interactions often adopt a “gene‐for‐gene” conceptual framework. In contrast, studies of plants and herbivores often investigate escalation or elaboration of plant defense and herbivore adaptations to overcome it. The main exceptions to the general pattern are studies that focus on small, sessile herbivores that share many features with plant pathogens, studies that incorporate both herbivores and pathogens into a single investigation, and studies that test aspects of Thompson's geographic mosaic theory for coevolution. We discuss the implications of these findings for future research.
Adenylate control contributes to thermal acclimation of sugar maple fine‐root respiration in experimentally warmed soil
Authors: Jarvi Mickey P. , Burton Andrew J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe investigated the occurrence of and mechanisms responsible for acclimation of fine‐root respiration of mature sugar maple (Acer saccharum) after 3+ years of experimental soil warming (+4 to 5 °C) in a factorial combination with soil moisture addition. Potential mechanisms for thermal respiratory acclimation included changes in enzymatic capacity, as indicated by root N concentration; substrate limitation, assessed by examining nonstructural carbohydrates and effects of exogenous sugar additions; and adenylate control, examined as responses of root respiration to a respiratory uncoupling agent. Partial acclimation of fine‐root respiration occurred in response to soil warming, causing specific root respiration to increase to a much lesser degree (14% to 26%) than would be expected for a 4 to 5 °C temperature increase (approximately 55%). Acclimation was greatest when ambient soil temperature was warmer or soil moisture availability was low. We found no evidence that enzyme or substrate limitation caused acclimation but did find evidence supporting adenylate control. The uncoupling agent caused a 1.4 times greater stimulation of respiration in roots from warmed soil. Sugar maple fine‐root respiration in warmed soil was at least partially constrained by adenylate use, helping constrain respiration to that needed to support work being performed by the roots.
Sexual self‐concept, sexual satisfaction, and attachment among single and coupled individuals
Authors: ANTIČEVIĆ VESNA , JOKIĆ‐BEGIĆ NATAŠA , BRITVIĆ DOLORES 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of attachment styles among single and coupled participants (N = 632) in the associations between sexual self‐concept (sexual self‐esteem, sexual depression, and sexual preoccupation) and sexual satisfaction. The results indicated lower sexual self‐esteem and sexual satisfaction and higher sexual depression and avoidant attachment among singles, as compared to coupled participants. Furthermore, in coupled participants (securely, anxiously, and avoidantly attached), sexual self‐esteem and sexual depression were predictors of sexual satisfaction. Among securely, fearfully, and avoidantly attached singles, sexual self‐esteem was a predictor of sexual satisfaction. Sexual satisfaction was also predicted by sexual preoccupation among avoidantly attached singles. Finally, the only predictor of sexual satisfaction among anxiously attached singles was sexual depression.
How do Mediterranean shrub species cope with shade? Ecophysiological response to different light intensities
Authors: Díaz‐Barradas M. C. , Zunzunegui M. , Alvarez‐Cansino L. , Esquivias M. P. , Valera J. , Rodríguez H. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Under natural conditions, light exposure for Mediterranean shrubs can be highly variable, especially during cloudy days or under a canopy, and can interfere with other environmental factors such as temperature and water availability.

With the aim of decoupling the effect of radiation and temperature from water availability, we conducted an experiment where two perennial and three summer semi‐deciduous shrub species were subjected to different levels of irradiation. In order to follow plant responses to light exposure, we measured gas exchange, photosystem II photochemical efficiency, photosynthetic pigments and leaf mass area in spring and summer.

Results showed that all study species presented a plastic response to different light conditions, and that light‐related traits varied in a coordinated manner. Summer semi‐deciduous species exhibited a more opportunistic response, with higher photosynthesis rates in full sun, but under shade conditions, the two strategies presented similar assimilation rates. Stomatal conductance did not show such a drastic response as photosynthetsis, being related to changes in WUE. Daily cycles of Fv/Fm revealed a slight photoinhibitory response during summer, mainly in perennial species. In all cases photosynthetic pigments adjusted to the radiation level; leaves had lower chlorophyll content, higher pool of xanthophylls and higher proportion of the de‐epoxydaded state of xanthophylls under sun conditions. Lutein content increased in relation to the xanthophyll pool under shade conditions.

Our results evidenced that radiation is an important driving factor controlling morphological and physiological status of Mediterranean shrub species, independently of water availability. Summer semi‐deciduous species exhibit a set of traits with higher response variability, maximising their photosynthetic assimilation under different sun conditions.
The role of Arabidopsis thaliana RASD1 gene in ABA‐dependent abiotic stress response
Authors: Podia V. , Milioni D. , Martzikou M. , Haralampidis K. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Abiotic stress is one of the key parameters affecting plant productivity. Drought and soil salinity, in particular, challenge plants to activate various response mechanisms to withstand these adverse growth conditions. While the molecular events that take place are complex and to a large extent unclear, the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is considered a major player in mediating the adaptation of plants to stress.

Here we report the identification of an ABA‐insensitive mutant from Arabidopsis thaliana. A combination of molecular, genetic and physiology approaches were implemented, to characterise the AtRASD1 locus (RESPONSIVENESS TO ABA SALT AND DROUGHT 1) and to investigate its role in plant development.

RASD1 is expressed predominantly in the vascular system of A. thaliana and encodes a peptide of unknown function with no similarity to any known sequence to date. The protein is localised in the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and RASD1‐impaired plants are drought‐intolerant and insensitive to exogenous ABA and NaCl during germination and root growth.

Our data indicate that RASD1 is involved in ABA‐dependent signal transduction pathways and therefore in enabling plants to activate response mechanisms related to seed germination and abiotic stress.