bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐Reported Usefulness of Acute Cancer Rehabilitation
Authors: Ng Amy H. , Gupta Ekta , Fontillas Rhodora C. , Bansal Swati , Williams Janet L. , Park Minjeong , Liu Diane , Fu Jack B. , Yadav Rajesh R. , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundCancer survivors often have unmet needs, and cancer rehabilitation is becoming an integral part of the continuum of care. Understanding the needs and satisfaction of patients undergoing cancer rehabilitation is important for the development of effective programs.ObjectiveTo determine the overall perception of acute inpatient cancer rehabilitation usefulness.DesignProspective study.SettingAcute inpatient cancer rehabilitation unit at a National Cancer Institute (NCI) Comprehensive Cancer Center.ParticipantsPatients admitted to the acute inpatient cancer rehabilitation unit from September 2014 to July 2015 were approached, and 200 patients enrolled with completed surveys.MethodsPatients meeting study criteria were asked to complete a survey about their perception of the rehabilitation received; their attitudes and beliefs on their condition, treatment, functional independence; and their attitudes and beliefs on obtaining health information and psychosocial issues.Main Outcome MeasuresFunctional Independence Measure (FIM) scores, FIM efficiency, and results from an anonymous survey with a 22‐item Likert‐type scale at the end of patients' rehabilitation stay were analyzed.ResultsOf 327 patients admitted, 239 patients (73%) were approached, and 200 patients (84%) were enrolled with completed surveys. Patients agreed or strongly agreed that rehabilitation helped with improving physical function (n = 193, 97%), regaining physical independence (n = 181, 91%), and preparing to deal with self‐care tasks (n = 183, 94%). Patients agreed that rehabilitation improved hope (n = 187, 94%), mood (n = 176, 84%), anxiety (n = 180, 90%), and spirituality (n = 182, 94%). FIM score improvements (from admission to discharge) and FIM efficiency (change in FIM score / length of stay) were significant in all functional domains. Overall, respondents believed that their rehabilitation stay was extremely good (n = 128, 64%) or very good (n = 60, 30%).ConclusionsPatients perceived their rehabilitation stay as beneficial in multiple respects. Significant improvements in FIM measurements were also found.Level of EvidenceIV
Metformin inhibits SUV39H1-mediated migration of prostate cancer cells
Authors: Yu T , Wang C , Yang J , Guo Y , Wu Y , Li X 
Published: May 2017

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer-related death among men, largely due to incurable distant metastases. Metformin, the most common used anti-type-2 diabetes medicine, has been linked to reduced cancer risk and better diagnosis. We found that metformin was able to inhibit PCa cell migration, which correlates with tumor metastatic capability. The pathogenesis and progression of tumors are closely related to dysregulated gene expression in tumor cells through epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. We found that the level of SUV39H1, a histone methyltransferase of H3 Lys9, was reduced in metformin-treated PCa cells in a time-dependent manner. SUV39H1 overexpression increased PCa migration, whereas SUV39H1 depletion suppressed PCa cell migration. There is a positive correlation between SUV39H1 expression and PCa pathological stages. We further showed that both metformin treatment and SUV39H1 knockout in PCa cells can reduce integrin αV and β1 proteins, as well as their downstream phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) levels, which is essential for functional adhesion signaling and tumor cell migration. Taken together, metformin reduced SUV39H1 to inhibit migration of PCa cells via disturbing the integrin-FAK signaling. Our study suggests SUV39H1 as a novel target to inhibit PCa cell migration.
Comparative Study for Alignment of Extramedullary Guides versus Portable, Accelerometer-Based Navigation in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Matsumoto Kazu , Fukuta Masashi , Mori Nobuyuki , Akiyama Haruhiko , Ogawa Hiroyasu 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe use of portable, accelerometer-based navigation (PN) devices for positioning of the components of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is emerging as an alternative to standard extramedullary (EM) systems, which was needed to the image intensifier. The aim of our study was to compare the accuracy of component positioning in TKA using an EM and PN systems. Data from 100 consecutive primary TKAs, performed by multiple surgeons in 87 patients between October 2010 and June 2015, were analyzed. Coronal and sagittal plane alignments of the TKA components, relative to the mechanical axis of the limb, were evaluated by radiography. The mean postoperative coronal alignment angle of the femoral (α) and tibial (β) components was comparable between the groups (α: PN, 89.9 ± 2.2 degrees; EM, 89.9 ± 1.6 degrees and β: PN, 90.1 ± 1.4 degrees; EM, 89.6 ± 1.3 degrees). Groups were also comparable with regard to mean postoperative sagittal alignment angle of the femoral and tibial components (γ: PN, 2.3 ± 3.3 degrees; EM, 1.8 ± 1.7 degrees and σ: PN, 89.7 ± 2.5 degrees; EM, 90.1 ± 1.3 degrees). The incidence rate of a component malalignment > 3 degrees in the coronal and sagittal planes of the mechanical axis of the knee was comparable between the groups. In conclusion, the coronal and sagittal alignments for the femoral components was less accurate compared with tibial component alignment, especially in the PN group, and the sagittal alignment of the femoral component was less accurate than coronal alignment for both groups. Both the PN and EM systems provide satisfactory coronal and sagittal component alignments in TKA. Further technical improvement of the PN system could further improve its application for accurate component implantation in TKAs.
Effect of Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation on Pain after Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bautmans Ivan , Lefeber Nina , Lievens Pierre , Scheerlinck Thierry , Vaes Peter , Beckwée David 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTranscutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) has proven to be effective for postsurgical pain relief. However, there is a lack of well-constructed clinical trials investigating the effect of TENS after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In addition, previous investigations reported that low- and high-frequency TENSs produced analgesic tolerance after 4 or 5 days of treatment. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of burst TENS on pain during hospitalization after TKA and to investigate whether burst TENS produces analgesic tolerance after 4 or 5 days of treatment. This stratified, triple blind, randomized controlled trial was approved by the University Hospital Brussels. Sixty-eight subjects were screened for eligibility before surgery; 54 were found eligible and 53 were included in the analyses. Patients were allocated to either a burst TENS or sham burst TENS group. TENS was applied daily during continuous passive mobilization. Knee pain intensity, knee range of motion, and analgesic consumption were assessed daily. Patients received burst TENS (N = 25) or sham burst TENS (N = 28). No significant differences in knee pain intensity were found between the groups (p > 0.05). Within the TENS and the sham TENS groups, the difference in knee pain before and after treatment did not evolve over time (p > 0.05). This study found no effects of burst TENS compared with sham burst TENS on pain during hospitalization after TKA.
Validity and Reliability of the Garmin Vector Power Meter in Laboratory and Field Cycling
Authors: Nimmerichter Alfred , Schnitzer Lukas , Prinz Bernhard , Simon Dieter , Wirth Klaus 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTo assess the validity and reliability of the Garmin Vector against the SRM power meter, 6 cyclists completed 3 continuous trials at power outputs from 100–300 W at 50–90 rev·min−1 and a 5-min time trial in laboratory and field conditions. In field conditions only, a 30-s sprint was performed. Data were compared with paired samples t-tests, with the 95% limits of agreement (LoA) and the typical error. Reliability was calculated as the coefficient of variation (CV). There was no significant difference between the devices in power output in laboratory (p=0.245) and field conditions (p=0.312). 1-s peak power was significantly different between the devices (p=0.043). The LoA were ~1.0±5.0 W and ~0.5±0.5 rev·min−1 in both conditions. The LoA during the 30-s sprint was 6.3±38.9 W and for 1-s peak power it was 18.8±17.1 W. The typical error for power output was 2.9%, while during sprint cycling it was 7.4% for 30-s and 2.7% for 1-s peak power. For cadence, the typical error was below 1.0%. The mean CVs were ~1.0% and ~3.0% for the SRM and Garmin, respectively. These findings suggest, that the Garmin Vector is a valid alternative for training. However, during sprint cycling there is lower agreement with the SRM power meter. Both devices provide good reliability (CV<3.0%).
Factors related to the decline and rebuilding of billfish stocks in the Atlantic and Indian oceans
Authors: Sharma Rishi , Pons Maite , Martin Sarah , Kell Laurie , Walter John , Lauretta Matthew , Schirripa Michael 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The article examines factors related to the decline and rebuilding of billfish stocks in the Atlantic and Indian oceans. Longline effort has declined over the last 10–15 years in both oceans. This decline in fishing pressure has led to the recovery of some stocks, but some species that are caught incidentally in industrial longline fisheries remain overexploited. Using a simple moving average technique on fishing mortality trajectories, we estimated a threshold effort size of 240 million hooks for the Atlantic Ocean and 364 million hooks for the Indian Ocean where stocks start experiencing overfishing. In addition, we highlight differences in the economic characteristics of the major fleets catching billfish in the two oceans and discuss how this may be associated with differences in management, enforcement, and stock rebuilding.
A broad spectral feature detected during the cooling phase of a type I X-ray burst from GRS 1747−312 with Suzaku
Authors: Iwai Masachika , Dotani Tadayasu , Ozaki Masanobu , Maeda Yoshitomo , Mori Hideyuki , Saji Shigetaka 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We analyzed the Suzaku archive data of a type I X-ray burst from GRS 1747−312, a low-mass X-ray binary located in the globular cluster Terzan 6. During the Galactic bulge mapping observations with Suzaku, which covered Terzan 6, an X-ray burst of long duration and with moderate photospheric-radius expansion was serendipitously detected and was considered to be most probably originating from GRS 1747−312. The time-divided burst spectra were reproduced well with an absorbed blackbody over the majority of the time, but significant deviation was detected late in the cooling phase. The deviation was due to a rolled-off feature, which gradually developed in the cooling phase of the burst, in the energy spectra above ∼7 keV. We tested various models to reproduce the spectral feature and found three types of models (reflection by cold matter, partial-covering absorption, and Doppler-smeared absorption edges due to the rapid spin of a neutron star) gave a statistically acceptable fit. We discussed the feasibility of these models, including a non-Planckian nature of the burst spectra.
International/Institutional Trauma in Developmental Pediatric Practice
Authors: Pappas Demetra , Fogler Jason , Sargado Sabrina , Welchons Leah , Augustyn Marilyn 
Published: April 2017

CASE: “Aabis” is a school-aged boy from a predominantly conservative Muslim nation who presented to a tertiary developmental-behavioral pediatric (DBP) clinic to seek “expert opinion” for significant social and learning difficulties in the context of a history of frequent falling and “clumsiness.” He was seen by a psychiatrist in his home country, who ordered an electroencephalogram and “brain map” (both normal), and received occupational and physical therapies. Frequent tantrums and intense emotional reactions to minor events—revealed to be related to a history of repeated physical beatings from groups of his “friends”—prompted referral to the DBP clinic. When asked why he did not fight back, Aabis said that he did not want to lose his friends. He and his parents further explained that this kind of organized aggression is considered part of normative development in their country and that Aabis needed to “toughen up.”
Aabis was described by his parents as being very “sensitive” when others raised their voices, shivering when reprimanded and profusely apologizing for real and imagined mistakes. He bit his nails until they bled, washed his hands repetitively, and changed his clothes several times per day. On witnessing his parents arguing, Aabis threatened to harm himself with a decorative knife.
The assessment presented with several procedural complications specifically the use of an interpreter and the cultural differences regarding many of the topics discussed. Aabis spoke very little English, and an interpreter was not available in person on the initial day of the assessment. Telephonic phone translation services were attempted, but there were concerns that Aabis would not feel comfortable with sharing his emotions over the phone with an unidentified individual. As feared, Aabis was resistant to discuss emotionally charged topics (e.g., feeling sad, being bullied, hearing or seeing things) and grew impatient and irritated with the phone interpreter. After some unsuccessful experimentation with a Google-based translation system (implemented at Aabi's request to help build comfort and rapport), a second telephonic interpreter was brought into the session, who Aabis later described to his parents as “mean.” (Aabis clarified that the second interpreter had been brusque and insensitive to his tentative attempts to express his feelings, e.g., by telling him to “Speak up. Spit it out.”)
Toward the end of the interview, Aabis seemed to dissociate and insisted anxiously that he did not want to relay certain information without his parents present in the room. What would you do next in this situation?
Details about this case, including name and age, have been altered to protect the child's identity.
Comparison of Femtosecond Laser-Enabled Descemetorhexis and Manual Descemetorhexis in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Einan-Lifshitz Adi , Sorkin Nir , Boutin Tanguy , Showail Mahmood , Borovik Armand , Alobthani Murad , Chan Clara C. , Rootman David S. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose:
To introduce a novel method to perform descemetorhexis in Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) using the femtosecond laser and to compare it with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty performed with manual descemetorhexis (M-DMEK).

Methods:
A retrospective medical chart review of 2 groups of patients who underwent DMEK surgery combined with cataract surgery secondary to Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy and cataract: 17 patients underwent femtosecond laser-enabled descemetorhexis Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (FE-DMEK) and 89 patients underwent DMEK surgery with M-DMEK. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, endothelial cell density (ECD), graft detachment rate, and complications were compared.

Results:
Average age of the 106 patients (64 women and 42 men) was 68 ± 11 years. Postoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 0.19 ± 0.13 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution in the FE-DMEK group and 0.35 ± 0.48 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution in the M-DMEK group (P = 0.218). One day after surgery, there were no significant graft detachments in the FE-DMEK group, compared with 20% graft detachment rate in the M-DMEK group (P = 0.041). Rebubbling was performed in 17% of eyes in the M-DMEK group compared with none in the FE-DMEK group (P = 0.066). The mean endothelial cell count in the FE-DMEK and M-DMEK groups at 6 months after surgery were 2105 ± 285 cells per square millimeter (24% cells loss) and 1990 ± 600 cells per square millimeter (29% cells loss), respectively (P = 0.579).

Conclusions:
FE-DMEK shows efficacy similar to that of M-DMEK with apparently less graft detachment and reduced need for rebubbling.
Solitary Iris Plasmacytoma With Anterior Chamber Crystalline Deposits
Authors: Stacey Andrew W. , Lavric Alenka , Thaung Caroline , Siddiq Samreen , Sagoo Mandeep S. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose:
To report a case of solitary iris plasmacytoma successfully treated with ruthenium plaque radiotherapy.

Methods:
A 44-year-old white woman presented with pain in the right eye and raised intraocular pressure. Her medical history included breast cancer treated 11 years earlier with lumpectomy, lymph node clearance, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. On examination, the right iris had a tan-colored mass with crystalline deposits visible on the mass surface and on the corneal endothelium. The fundus and left eye were normal. An anterior segment ultrasound scan showed a mass with mixed internal echogenicity and internal blood flow.

Results:
An iris biopsy showed an infiltrate of plasma cells. Immunohistochemistry for kappa and lambda light chains demonstrated lambda light chain restriction. Systemic hematologic investigations including complete blood count, serum paraproteins, bone marrow biopsy, and full-body magnetic resonance image were normal. The monoclonal plasma cell infiltrate was consistent with a solitary iris plasmacytoma. The mass was treated with ruthenium plaque radiotherapy. After 4 years of follow-up, the mass remained regressed, and no systemic myeloma has developed.

Conclusions:
Iris plasmacytoma is rare and should prompt systemic evaluation to rule out multiple myeloma. Solitary iris plasmacytoma can be successfully treated with plaque radiotherapy.
Virologic Failure of High-Dose Raltegravir With Concomitant Rifampin
Authors: Miller Misty M. , Kinney Karen K. , Liedtke Michelle D. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Treating mycobacterial infections and HIV concurrently typically presents difficulties due to drug-to-drug interactions between rifampin and many antiretrovirals. We present a case of raltegravir failure during concomitant rifampin use, despite documented administration of recommended increased dose of raltegravir.
Septic Arthritis Secondary to Neisseria gonorrheae Without Genital Symptoms and After Presumed Prolonged Carriage
Authors: Suady Barake Suhaireirene R. , Winn Richard E. , Crist Christopher J. , McKenzie Paula , Emrick Alanna L. , Ismail Amr M. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Septic arthritis remains an uncommon but not rare occurrence, with the potential for catastrophic morbidity if not recognized and treated early with appropriate antimicrobial agents. The role of Neisseria gonorrheae is well established in the differential diagnosis of septic arthritis in the young, sexually active population and particularly in monoarticular presentations. Gonococcal septic arthritis occurring without genital symptoms is not emphasized, although it has been described previously. The length of time from exposure to N. gonorrheae to the development of pyogenic arthritis is variable but usually is within 3 weeks. We report 4 cases of septic arthritis due to N. gonorrheae occurring in our hospital within 18 months (approximately 5.3% of septic arthritis), with prolonged intervals from initial exposure and with minimal to no genital symptoms.
Addressing the Challenges of Chagas Disease
Authors: Edwards Morven S. , Stimpert Kelly K. , Montgomery Susan P. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Chagas disease is an emerging health concern in the United States. US health care providers have an unparalleled opportunity to respond to the challenges this infection poses and to provide state-of-the-art care for patients with Chagas disease. Most of the approximately 300,000 persons with Trypanosoma cruzi infection living in the United States have chronic, asymptomatic infection acquired in endemic regions in Latin America. Congenital infection is often asymptomatic and, even when symptomatic, has no features that distinguish it from other congenitally transmitted infections. Health care providers and the public have limited awareness of this infection. Recognizing risk groups and performing targeted diagnostic testing for at-risk infants, children, and adults are a health priority because early treatment can effect cure and avert the life-threatening cardiac manifestations of Chagas disease. Two medications for treatment, benznidazole and nifurtimox, are available through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Although challenges exist, informed health care providers can greatly reduce the effects of Chagas disease in the United States.
Molecular diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia
Authors: Graham Colin A. , Latten Mark J. , Hart Padraig J. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose of review
Familial hypercholesterolaemia is a hereditary disorder of lipoprotein metabolism which causes a lifelong increase in LDL-C levels resulting in premature coronary heart disease. The present review looks at some of the recent literature on how molecular methods can be used to assist in the definitive diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia in a range of patient groups.

Recent findings
Several recent studies have shown that the prevalence of clinical familial hypercholesterolaemia is higher than previously thought at 1/200 to 1/300, and that 2–5% of patients presenting with early myocardial infarction can be found to have a familial hypercholesterolaemia mutation. The present review then examines different approaches to molecular testing for familial hypercholesterolaemia including point mutation panels versus next-generation sequencing gene panels, and the range of genes tested by some of those panels. Finally, we review the recent evidence for polygenic hypercholesterolaemia within clinically defined familial hypercholesterolaemia patient populations.

Summary
To identify patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia within clinically selected patient groups efficiently, a clinical scoring system should be combined with a molecular testing approach for mutations and for polygenic LDL-C single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Alternatively, a population screening methodology may be appropriate, using mutation testing at an early age before significant atherosclerosis has begun. The precise molecular testing method chosen may depend on the clinical presentation of the patient, and/or the population from which they arise.
Functional Impairment in Older Adults With Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Comes Mercè , Rosa Adriane , Reinares Maria , Torrent Carla , Vieta Eduard 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Data describing bipolar disorder in older adults people are scarce, particularly with regard to functional status. This observational, comparative study assessed psychosocial functioning in 33 euthymic older adults with bipolar disorder compared with 30 healthy controls. In addition, we evaluated the association between clinical variables and poor functioning in the patient group. The mean age of the group was 68.70 years. Patients with bipolar disorder experienced poorer psychosocial functioning (19.15 ± 11.36) than healthy controls (5.17 ± 3.72; p = 0.0001), as assessed using the Functioning Assessment Short Test. Significant differences between the groups were found for specific domains of functioning: autonomy, occupational functioning, cognitive functioning, financial issues, and interpersonal relationships (p = 0.0001, respectively). The largest variation was observed in overall functioning (Cohen’s d = 0.63). The number of previous hospitalizations was strongly associated with poor overall functioning (F = 7.217, p = 0.002). Older patients with bipolar disorder had a greater functional impairment than the healthy control group. Implementation of novel rehabilitation models is critical to help patients manage their illness.