bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a Video-Based Interactive Workshop on Unprofessional Behaviors Among Internal Medicine Residents
Authors: Didwania Aashish , Farnan Jeanne M. , Icayan Liza , O'Leary Kevin J. , Saathoff Mark , Bellam Shashi , Humphrey Holly J. , Wayne Diane B. , Arora Vineet M. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
Unprofessional behaviors undermine the hospital learning environment and the quality of patient care.

Objective
To assess the impact of an interactive workshop on the perceptions of and self-reported participation in unprofessional behaviors.

Methods
We conducted a pre-post survey study at 3 internal medicine residency programs. For the workshop we identified unprofessional behaviors related to on-call etiquette: “blocking” an admission, disparaging a colleague, and misrepresenting a test as urgent. Formal debriefing tools were utilized to guide the discussion. We fielded an internally developed 20-item survey on perception and participation in unprofessional behaviors prior to the workshop. An online “booster” quiz was delivered at 4 months postworkshop, and the 20-item survey was repeated at 9 months postworkshop. Results were compared to a previously published control from the same institutions, which showed that perceptions of unprofessional behavior did not change and participation in the behaviors worsened over the internship.

Results
Of 237 eligible residents, 181 (76%) completed both pre- and postsurvey. Residents perceived blocking an admission and the misrepresentation of a test as urgent to be more unprofessional at a 9-month follow-up (2.0 versus 1.74 and 2.63 versus 2.28, respectively; P &lt; .05), with no change in perception for disparaging a colleague. Participation in unprofessional behaviors did not decrease after the workshop, with the exception of misrepresenting a test as urgent (61% versus 50%, P = .019).

Conclusions
The results of this multi-site study indicate that an interactive workshop can change perception and may lower participation in some unprofessional behaviors.
Present and future responses of growing degree days for Crete Island in Greece
Authors: Paparrizos Spyridon , Matzarakis Andreas 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Climate affects practically all the physiological processes that determine plant life (IPCC, 2014). A major challenge and objective of the agricultural science is to predict the occurrences of specific physical or biological events. For this reason, flower phenology has been widely used to study the flowering in plant species of economic interest, and in this concept, temperature and heat units have been widely accepted as the most important factors affecting processes leading to flowering. The determination of heat requirements in the first developing phases of plants has been expressed as Growing Degree Days (GDD). Determination of GDD is useful for achieving a better understanding of the flowering season development in several plant species, and for forecasting when flowering will occur (Paparrizos and Matzarakis, 2017). Temperature and GDD represent two important spatially-dynamic climatic variables, as they both play vital roles in influencing forest development by directly affecting plant functions such as evapotranspiration, photosynthesis and plant transpiration. Understanding the spatial distribution of GDD is crucial to the practice of sustainable agricultural and forest management, as GDD relates to the integration of growth and provides precise point estimates (Hasan et al., 2007; Matzarakis et al., 2007). The aim of the current study was to estimate and map through downscaling spatial interpolation and multi-linear regression techniques, the future variation of GDD for the periods 2021–2050 and 2071–2100, under the A1B and B1 IPCC emission scenarios in relation with the reference periods for Crete Island in Greece. Future temperature data were obtained, validated and analysed from the ENSEMBLES European project. A combination of dynamical and statistical approach was conducted in order to downscale and perform the spatial interpolation of GDD through ArcGIS 10.2.1. The results indicated that in the future, GDD will be increased and the existing cultivations can reach maturity sooner. Nevertheless, rough topography will act as an inhibitor towards the expansion of the existing cultivations in higher altitudes.
Nepantla: Writing (from) the In-Between
Authors: Scott Charles , Tuana Nancy 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
The primary goal of this article is to find an interplay of concepts that will help us to write about the broad transformative potential of Gloria Anzaldúa's experiences of what she calls nepantla in her posthumously published Light in the Dark/Luz en lo Oscuro: Rewriting Identity, Spirituality, Reality (2015). We want to integrate these concepts into our reading of her account of nepantla and to allow her language to further animate the force and meaning of the concepts' interactive connections. The concepts are assemblage, occasion, lineages, sensibility, and temporality. The article concludes with her own culminating understanding of nepantla. The leading topics are Anzaldúa's world, the Coyolxauhqui process, rebirth, and cuerpoespíritu.
The Job of Creating Desire: Propaganda as an Apparatus of Government and Subjectification
Authors: Wimberly Cory 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
This article addresses shortcomings in the way that philosophers and cultural critics have considered propaganda by offering a new genealogical account. Looking at figures such as Marx, Adorno, Marcuse, Habermas, Bourdieu, and Stanley, this article finds that their consideration of propaganda has not necessarily been wrong but has missed some of the most significant and important functions of propaganda. This text draws on archival and published materials from propagandists, most notably Edward Bernays, to elaborate a new governmentality of propaganda and public relations. Through focusing on the concept of public opinion, I argue that propaganda is best thought of as an apparatus whose function it is to construct, modify, counter, and destroy relations of force within public opinion in order to produce the subjectivities and conduct that propagandists and their clients desire.
Validation of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Tests for Universal Pathogen Detection
Authors: Schlaberg Robert , Chiu Charles Y. , Miller Steve , Procop Gary W. , Weinstock George ,   the Professional Practice Committee and Committee on Laboratory Practices of the American Society for Microbiology,   the Microbiology Resource Committee of the College of American Pathologists
Published: February 2017

Context.—
Metagenomic sequencing can be used for detection of any pathogens using unbiased, shotgun next-generation sequencing (NGS), without the need for sequence-specific amplification. Proof-of-concept has been demonstrated in infectious disease outbreaks of unknown causes and in patients with suspected infections but negative results for conventional tests. Metagenomic NGS tests hold great promise to improve infectious disease diagnostics, especially in immunocompromised and critically ill patients.

Objective.—
To discuss challenges and provide example solutions for validating metagenomic pathogen detection tests in clinical laboratories. A summary of current regulatory requirements, largely based on prior guidance for NGS testing in constitutional genetics and oncology, is provided.

Data Sources.—
Examples from 2 separate validation studies are provided for steps from assay design, and validation of wet bench and bioinformatics protocols, to quality control and assurance.

Conclusions.—
Although laboratory and data analysis workflows are still complex, metagenomic NGS tests for infectious diseases are increasingly being validated in clinical laboratories. Many parallels exist to NGS tests in other fields. Nevertheless, specimen preparation, rapidly evolving data analysis algorithms, and incomplete reference sequence databases are idiosyncratic to the field of microbiology and often overlooked.
COPE Requires Greater Consistency and Accountability
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) is the largest ethics-related body in the world. However, the lack of clear policy related to the ethics of self-plagiarism, its stated inability to intervene in ethics-related conflicts involving several of its members causing a relative lack of opacity when authors wish to communicate concerns with or about a COPE member, inconsistent use of ethics guidelines by all its members, and the inability to call out its members when these may appear to be violating COPE editorial guidelines all contribute to the decrease in trust that authors - who are clearly not represented by the COPE charter - have in this organization and its members. One of the key corrupting factors is money. COPE members pay annual fees to become members, but only editors and publishers can become members. Consequently authors′ rights and concerns about COPE members are rarely addressed. Authors, who already have minimal rights in the entire publishing process, and very limited recourse for self-defense or protest, are considerably marginalized should conflicts with a COPE member exist. How then, can authors and the public hold COPE members more accountable?
Libertés fondamentales et visibilité des signes religieux en France et au Québec : Entre logiques nationales et non nationales du droit?
Authors: Amiraux Valérie , Gaudreault-Desbiens Jean-François 
Published: February 2017

Cet article compare la façon dont la régulation juridique du port des signes religieux se manifeste en France et au Québec. À partir de l’histoire récente de la jurisprudence dans ces deux espaces nationaux, les auteurs reviennent sur les questions soulevées par la présence publique de la diversité religieuse, telle qu’elle s’exprime en l’occurrence à travers le port de signes religieux par des individus croyants, pour réfléchir aux évolutions normatives qui, depuis les années 1990, animent des débats plus ou moins conflictuels. Le texte souligne les questionnements communs, les incertitudes quant à la définition même – objective ou subjective – de la religion, la question de la hiérarchisation des droits et libertés, de leurs restrictions, de la mise en scène dans le droit de discours touchant à la défense de « valeurs » communes dont des notions comme la laïcité ou la neutralité sont devenues des fétiches. La judiciarisation de la gouvernance publique du religieux, que l’on constate au Québec comme en France, n’emprunte pas les mêmes chemins dans les deux cas.
Les discours sur la laïcité pendant le débat sur la « Charte des valeurs de la laïcité ». Une analyse lexicométrique de la presse francophone québécoise
Authors: Dalpé Samuel , Koussens David 
Published: February 2017

Alors que la crise des accommodements raisonnables (2006-2008) s’était nourrie d’ « incidents » pour construire la visibilité du religieux dans l’espace public comme problématique, la polémique suscitée par le projet de « Charte des valeurs de la laïcité » (2012-2014) a été directement initiée, puis mise en scène par le pouvoir politique alors en place, en dehors même d’« incidents » caractérisés. À partir d’une analyse lexicométrique d’articles de nouvelles et d’éditoriaux publiés dans la presse francophone québécoise au cours de ce débat, cet article propose de retracer les territoires et profils lexicaux autour desquels s’est articulée la production journalistique ayant mobilisé la notion de laïcité. Le texte souligne, à partir d’une analyse des postures éditoriales de trois grands quotidiens québécois, comment cette notion s’est essentiellement trouvée réduite, dans son traitement médiatique, aux modalités de la régulation de l’expression individuelle des convictions religieuses.
Marcel Trudel et Guy Frégault : regards sur une amitié intellectuelle
Authors: Dorais François-Olivier 
Published: February 2017

Cet article retrace les fils de l’amitié intellectuelle entre Marcel Trudel et Guy Frégault, deux historiens majeurs du renouveau historiographique québécois d’après-guerre. Son but particulier consiste à montrer en quoi cette amitié, notamment mise en évidence dans leurs correspondances personnelles et certaines collaborations, a été scellée autour d’une puissante prise de conscience générationnelle et à travers l’adhésion à une même configuration historiographique, celle de l’« histoire critique », dont ils se sont tous deux fait les ardents promoteurs au cours des décennies 1940 et 1950. En explicitant les ressorts et les déterminants de cette relation d’amitié, l’analyse met à l’épreuve le schéma d’explication – commode, mais forcément réducteur – offert par la querelle des écoles historiques entre Montréal et Québec. De même, elle permet de jauger autrement la complexité des aspirations et des attentes spécifiques qui se condensent chez les jeunes historiens laïques du Québec de l’immédiat après-guerre.
Geochemistry of Zr, Hf, and REE in a wide spectrum of Eh and water composition: The case of Dead Sea Fault system (Israel)
Authors: Censi P. , Raso M. , Yechieli Y. , Ginat H. , Saiano F. , Zuddas P. , Brusca L. , D'Alessandro W. , Inguaggiato C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAlong the Jordan Valley‐Dead Sea Fault area several natural waters in springs, wells, and catchments occur. The chemical‐physical characters of the studied waters allowed for the first time the investigation of the Zr and Hf geochemical behavior, apart from REE, extended to a wide range of Eh, temperature, salinity, and pH conditions. The results of this study indicate that the dissolved Zr and Hf distribution in natural waters is strongly influenced by redox conditions since these in turn drive the deposition of Fe‐oxyhydroxides or pyrite. In oxidizing waters saturated or oversaturated in Fe‐oxyhydroxides (Group 1), superchondritic Zr/Hf values are measured. On the contrary, in waters where Eh < 0 values occur (Group 2), chondritic Zr/Hf values are found. Superchondritic Zr/Hf values are produced by the preferential Hf scavenging onto Fe‐oxyhydroxides that is inhibited under reducing conditions consistent with the water oversaturation relative to pyrite. Redox conditions also influence the amplitude of Ce and Eu anomalies. Oxidized Group‐1 waters show negative Ce anomalies related to the oxidative Ce scavenging as CeO2 onto Fe‐oxyhydroxide. Reduced Group‐2 waters show positive Eu anomaly values consistent with the larger Eu2+ concentration relative to Eu3+ in these waters suggested by model calculations. The higher stability of Eu2+ with respect to its trivalent neighbors along the REE series can explain the above mentioned positive Eu anomaly values. The middle‐REE enrichment observed in shale‐normalized REE patterns of studied waters can be ascribed to carbonate and/or gypsum dissolution.
Microscale characteristics of homogeneous freezing events in cirrus clouds
Authors: KÄrcher B. , Jensen E. J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe investigate homogeneous freezing of aqueous aerosol particles, a fundamental ice formation process in cirrus clouds. We estimate freezing time scales and vertical extensions of freezing layers, demonstrating that such freezing events are highly transient and localized. While time scales decrease with increasing vertical velocity driving ice nucleation, layer depths are weak functions of the vertical velocity. Our results are used to discuss possible effects of turbulent diffusion and entrainment‐mixing on homogeneous freezing in cirrus. Large turbulent diffusivity acts to broaden water vapor‐depleted freezing layers and facilitate sedimentation of freshly nucleated ice crystals out of them into ice‐supersaturated air. Homogeneous freezing events could be affected by microscale turbulence in episodes of intense turbulence dissipation rates, although such episodes are rare. We conjecture that freezing layers are broader in the case of heterogeneous ice nucleation and effects of sedimentation on nucleation increase in importance. Our findings point to the difficulty of inferring nucleated cirrus ice crystal numbers from measurements and place tight constraints on cirrus models with regard to spatial and temporal resolution.
Calculating travel times and arrival speeds of CMEs to Earth: An analytic tool for space weather forecasting
Authors: Corona‐Romero P. , Gonzalez‐Esparza J. A. , Perez‐Alanis C. A. , Aguilar‐Rodriguez E. , de‐la‐Luz V. , Mejia‐Ambriz J. C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCoronal mass ejections (CME) are one of the most important phenomena derived from solar activity that potentially perturb space weather of Earth. In this work we present a semiempirical arrival forecasting tool for Earth‐directed halo CMEs. This tool combines the piston shock model and an empirical relationship to estimate in situ arrivals of halo CMEs. The empirical relationship uses the initial conditions of CMEs to calculate the value of free parameter of the piston shock model, a parameter which is closely related to the initial inertia of CMEs. Such a value will let the model to simultaneously approximate the travel time and arrival speed of CMEs (i.e., CME arrivals). We test the forecasting capabilities of our model and its empirical relationship by calculating the arrivals of 40 halo CMEs detected during the period of 1995–2015. Our results indicate that, together, the piston shock model and its empirical relationship approximate CME arrivals with average errors of 7 h for travel times, and 100 km s−1 for arrival speeds. Our results show that our model is suitable for arrival forecasting of isolated events propagating through quiet interplanetary medium.
An Eulerian equation for snow accumulation downstream of an object
Authors: Ohara Noriaki 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study investigated the form of the governing equation for the particle distribution by focusing on the particle motion processes rather than flow regime and particle characteristics. A linear erosion term for a fetch‐eddy effect was introduced to the advection dispersion equation. The equation formulated in this paper described most of the particle deposit patterns behind an object including porous and solid snow fences, and a tree. This theory may enable us to estimate particle motion parameters, such as diffusion, drift, and erosion coefficients, from field observed particle distributions. Snow stratigraphy observed by ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used verify to result of the modeled theoretical snow redistribution. These analyses confirmed the effectiveness of the linear erosion term at explaining the particle deposition patterns due to eddies around a porous snow fence.
Is there a stratospheric pacemaker controlling the daily cycle of tropical rainfall?
Authors: Sakazaki T. , Hamilton K. , Zhang C. , Wang Y. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRainfall in the tropics exhibits a large, 12 h Sun‐synchronous variation with coherent phase around the globe. A long‐standing, but unproved, hypothesis for this phenomenon is excitation by the prominent 12 h atmospheric tide, which itself is significantly forced remotely by solar heating of the stratospheric ozone layer. We investigated the relative roles of large‐scale tidal forcing and more local effects in accounting for the 12 h variation of tropical rainfall. A model of the atmosphere run with the diurnal cycle of solar heating artificially suppressed below the stratosphere still simulated a strong coherent 12 h rainfall variation (~50% of control run), demonstrating that stratospherically forced atmospheric tide propagates downward to the troposphere and contributes to the organization of large‐scale convection. The results have implications for theories of excitation of tropical atmospheric waves by moist convection, for the evaluation of climate models, and for explaining the recently discovered lunar tidal rainfall cycle.
Factors Affecting Changes in Managerial Decisions
Authors: Woodard Joshua D. , Chiu Leslie Verteramo , Power Gabriel , Vedenov Dmitry , Klose Steven 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTIt is commonly held that revealed managerial decisions depend on the interaction of risk attitudes and preferences, as well as market and firm conditions. In agriculture, production plans can have a horizon of a few months to several years. However, it is not always the case that managers follow through on their plans once established. The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors that contribute to changes between managers’ planned decisions and eventual actions. A unique dataset consisting of farm financial data, consultant generated production plans, and a follow‐up producer survey was constructed with participants in the Texas FARM‐Assistance program. We evaluate the effects of managers’ behavioral attributes, farm financial indicators, and production characteristics on the decision to follow through on business plans. Our findings provide new insights into the decision‐making and planning processes of managers under risky market conditions, and the interactions of same with behavioral characteristics. [EconLit citations: Q12; Q13; Q14; D22; G02].
Numerical simulations on effects of ionic / nonionic surfactant on oil‐water interface using dissipative particle dynamics
Authors: Wang S. , Zhao J. , Li X. , Yang S. , Wang X. , Liu Y. , Yang S. , Dong Q. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEffects of surfactants on oil/water interface are studied using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) at the mesoscopic scale. With a surfactant model, the effects of concentration of three types of surfactants, including ionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant, and the compound system of ionic and nonionic surfactant, on interfacial tension are analyzed in this study. Also, the distributions of interfacial tension and mean interfacial density are predicted. Simulated results indicate that the interfacial tension decreases with an increase of surfactant concentration. As the surfactant concentration increases to a certain value, the surfactant at the oil‐water interface is saturated, and the interfacial tension will in‐depend on surfactant concentration. It turns out to be that surfactants can be saturated just at the oil‐water interface once its concentration reaches a certain value. A proper mixed ratio of compound system can reach a prime effect. Moreover, the inorganic salts can improve the interfacial efficiency of both ionic and nonionic surfactants, and lower interfacial tension. In addition, the temperature influences on surfactant aggregation behavior at the oil‐water interface is discussed. Copyright © 2017 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solid‐state microcellular high temperature vulcanized (HTV) silicone rubber foam with carbon dioxide
Authors: Yang Qian , Yu Haitao , Song Lixian , Lei Yajie , Zhang Fengshun , Lu Ai , Liu Tao , Luo Shikai 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTA series of microcellular high temperature vulcanized (HTV) silicone rubber foams were prepared using CO2 as a physical blowing agent. Rheological properties, gas diffusive behavior, and foaming parameters of silicone rubber were investigated. The results show that saturation pressure has a significant effect on the diffusivity of CO2 in HTV silicone rubber matrix. The gas concentration and diffusivity increase from 2.45 wt % to 3.24 wt %, and from 1.62 × 10−5 cm2/s to 7.83 × 10−5 cm2/s as the saturation pressure increases from 2 MPa to 5 MPa, respectively. The value of the gas diffusivity in HTV silicone rubber is almost 1000 times higher than that of the gas diffusivity in polyetherimide (PEI) matrix. Additionally, microcellular HTV silicone rubber foams with the smallest cell diameter of 9.8 μm and cell density exceeding 108 cells/cm3 are achieved. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44807.