bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dialysate bicarbonate variation in maintenance hemodiafiltration patients: Impact on serum bicarbonate, intradialytic hypotension and interdialytic weight gain
Authors: Viegas Márcio , Cândido Cristina , Felgueiras Joana , Clemente José , Barros Sara , Farbota Rostislav , Vera Filipa , Matos Antero , Sousa Francisco 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIntroduction: The dialysate bicarbonate (DB) influences the acid‐base balance in dialysis patients. Very low and high serum bicarbonate (SB) have been related with a higher mortality. Acid‐base balance also has been associated with hemodynamic effects in these patients. The trial aim was to compare the effect of DB concentration variation on SB levels in maintenance hemodiafiltration (HDF) patients and the effect on intradialytic hypotension and interdialytic weight gain.Methods: A prospective study, with 9 months of follow‐up, involving 93 patients, divided in two groups: group 1 and group 2 with a DB of 34 mmol/L and 30 mmol/L, respectively, with monitoring of pre and post HDF SB, intradialytic hypotension, and interdialytic weight gain.Findings: Pre dialysis SB was higher in group 1: median concentration of 22.7 mmol/L vs. 21.1 mmol/L (P < 0.001). Post dialysis SB levels were higher in group 1: median concentration of 28.0 mmol/L vs. 25.3 mmol/L (P < 0.001). Post dialysis SB in alkalotic range was only detected in group 1 (51.2% of the patients). No significant differences were detected in intradialytic hypotension rate [28.0 vs. 27.4 episodes per 1000 sessions in group 1 and 2, respectively, (P = 0.906)] or in average interdialytic weight gain [2.9% vs. 3.0% in group 1 and 2, respectively, (P = 0.710)].Discussion: DB of 30 mmol/L appears to be associated with SB levels closer to physiological levels than 34 mmol/L. The bicarbonate dialysate, in the tested concentrations, did not appear to have a significant impact on intradialytic hypotension and interdialytic weight gain in maintenance HDF patients.
Self‐preserving personal care products
Authors: Narayanan M. , Sekar P. , Pasupathi M. , Mukhopadhyay T. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectiveAs questions on the safety of some popular preservatives are on the rise, there is a growing interest in developing ‘self‐preserving’ personal care products. Use of multifunctional ingredients/actives with antimicrobial properties has been explored as replacements for conventional preservatives. This study explores the use of combinations of multifunctional actives (MFA) and other cosmetic ingredients in various personal care formulations, to deliver microbiologically safe self‐preserving products. Products studied in this study include face wash, gel‐based leave‐on skin care product and face mask.MethodsMinimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of several cosmetic ingredients was determined to identify multifunctional actives with antimicrobial activity. Personal care formulations made with multifunctional actives and other cosmetic ingredients were studied for preservative efficacy by challenging the product with six multiple cycles of microbial challenge.ResultsFormulations with combinations of multifunctional actives with antioxidant (AO) and chelators (CHL) were found to work synergistically and were highly efficacious in controlling multiple microbial challenges as observed in the preservative efficacy test (PET) studies. The effective combinations were able to withstand up to six multiple microbial challenges without product degradation. The preservative efficacy profile was similar to control formula containing preservatives.ConclusionSelf‐preserving personal care/cosmetic products can be developed which are as efficacious as preserved products by a prudent selection of multifunctional actives, antioxidants and chelators as a part of the formulation
Does inherent flammability of grass and litter fuels contribute to continental patterns of landscape fire activity?
Authors: Prior Lynda D. , Murphy Brett P. , Williamson Grant J. , Cochrane Mark A. , Jolly W. Matt , Bowman David M. J. S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimsTo (1) identify the trade‐offs among flammability attributes within grass and litter fuel types; (2) determine how flammability attributes of grass and litter fuels vary across macro‐ecological gradients; and (3) test our hypothesis that inherent flammability attributes of grass and litter fuels scale to satellite‐derived proxies for fire frequency and intensity.LocationContinent of Australia.MethodsSamples of litter and grass fuels collected from 133 sites across Australia were oven dried, then burnt under controlled conditions. Measurements of ignitability, combustibility and sustainability were made. Estimates of fire frequency and fire radiative power (a proxy for intensity) were derived from satellite imagery. Multivariate analyses were used to identify inter‐relationships among variables and trends across macro‐ecological gradients.ResultsFlammability was best described by two axes: high rate of combustion versus long duration of burning, and fast rate of spread versus high maximum temperature. As expected, our study confirmed that grass and litter fuel types have inherently differently flammability attributes whereby grass samples burn more quickly, with a higher rate of spread, than litter samples. However, there were also smaller differences in flammability attributes within fuel types, which scaled to rainfall, temperature and soil phosphorus concentrations. In keeping with our hypothesis, we found correlations between inherent fuel flammability attributes and landscape fire activity across the Australian continent. Fire frequency and rate of combustion of grass fuels were both highest in the tropics, and fire intensity and maximum temperature during combustion of litter fuels were highest in temperate areas.Main conclusionsAt a continental scale, we found landscape fire activity was correlated with inherent flammability of grass and litter fuels. This inherent flammability contributes to observed pyrogeographical patterns that are shaped by climate through its known effects on plant productivity, the abundance of cured grass biomass and fire weather.
The Effects of Aqueous and Alcoholic Saffron (Crocus sativus) Tepal Extracts on Quality and Shelf‐Life of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopeneous vannamei) During Iced Storage
Authors: Abbasvali Maryam , Ranaei Afshin , Shekarforoush Seyed Shahram , Moshtaghi Hamdollah 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of water extract (WEST), ethanolic extract (EEST) and methanolic extract (MEST) of saffron tepal as a natural preservative as well as to assess the quality changes and shelf‐life of Pacific white shrimp treated with saffron tepal extracts stored in ice up to 9 days. WEST showed the highest amount of phenolic compounds (66.41 mg gallic acid equivalents/g), antioxidant and antibacterial activity in all used assays (P < 0.05). Whole Pacific white shrimp (Litopeneous vannamei) treated with 1% of WEST, EEST and MEST had the lowest lipid oxidation, microbial growth and melanosis compared with the control (P < 0.05). Shrimp treated with saffron tepal extracts had superior sensory properties compared to the control at 6 and 9 days of iced storage (P < 0.05).Practical ApplicationsShrimp is one of the most traded and consumed aquatic product worldwide. Shrimps are rich in protein and containing very little fat and is more prone to deterioration because of its high soluble nonprotein nitrogenous substances. From the consumer health point of view and the perspective of food safety control, the utilization of natural additives like plant phenolic compounds provide a safer way to maximize the storage stability of shrimp, relative to synthetic additives. Saffron tepal which is a by‐product generated during the processing of the stigmas of the saffron flower could be used as a preservative in shrimp. Water extract of saffron tepal retard the lipid oxidation, microbial growth and melanosis and the shelf‐life of white shrimp extended to 9 days compared with the control group which was 6 days.
Loss of algal Proton Gradient Regulation 5 increases reactive oxygen species scavenging and H2 evolution
Authors: Chen Mei , Zhang Jin , Zhao Lei , Xing Jiale , Peng Lianwei , Kuang Tingyun , Rochaix Jean‐David , Huang Fang 
Published: October 2016

SummaryWe have identified hpm91, a Chlamydomonas mutant lacking Proton Gradient Regulation5 (PGR5) capable of producing hydrogen (H2) for 25 days with more than 30‐fold yield increase compared to wild type. Thus, hpm91 displays a higher capacity of H2 production than a previously characterized pgr5 mutant. Physiological and biochemical characterization of hpm91 reveal that the prolonged H2 production is due to enhanced stability of PSII, which correlates with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity during sulfur deprivation. This anti‐ROS response appears to protect the photosynthetic electron transport chain from photo‐oxidative damage and thereby ensures electron supply to the hydrogenase.
NARROW AND ROLLED LEAF 2 regulates leaf shape, male fertility, and seed size in rice
Authors: Zhao Shuangshuang , Zhao Lei , Liu Fengxia , Wu Yongzhen , Zhu Zuofeng , Sun Chuanqing , Tan Lubin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractGrain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is closely related to leaf and flower development. Coordinative regulation of leaf, pollen, and seed development in rice as a critical biological and agricultural question should be addressed. Here we identified two allelic rice mutants with narrow and semi‐rolled leaves, named narrow and rolled leaf 2‐1 (nrl2‐1) and nrl2‐2. Map‐based molecular cloning revealed that NRL2 encodes a novel protein with unknown biochemical function. The mutation of NRL2 caused pleiotropic effects, including a reduction in the number of longitudinal veins, defective abaxial sclerenchymatous cell differentiation, abnormal tapetum degeneration and microspore development, and the formation of more slender seeds compared with the wild type (WT). The NRL2 protein interacted with Rolling‐leaf (RL14), causing the leaves of the nrl2 mutants to have a higher cellulose content and lower lignin content than the WT, which may have been related to sclerenchymatous cell differentiation and tapetum degeneration. Thus, this gene is an essential developmental regulator controlling fundamental cellular and developmental processes, serving as a potential breeding target for high‐yielding rice cultivars.
SUMO E3 Ligases GmSIZ1a and GmSIZ1b regulate vegetative growth in soybean
Authors: Cai Bin , Kong Xiangxiong , Zhong Chao , Sun Suli , Zhou Xiao Feng , Jin Yin Hua , Wang Youning , Li Xia , Zhu Zhendong , Jin Jing Bo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSIZ1 is a small ubiquitin‐related modifier (SUMO) E3 ligase that mediates post‐translational SUMO modification of target proteins and thereby regulates developmental processes and hormonal and environmental stress responses in Arabidopsis. However, the role of SUMO E3 ligases in crop plants is largely unknown. Here, we identified and characterized two Glycine max (soybean) SUMO E3 ligases, GmSIZ1a and GmSIZ1b. Expression of GmSIZ1a and GmSIZ1b was induced in response to salicylic acid (SA), heat, and dehydration treatment, but not in response to cold, abscisic acid (ABA), and NaCl treatment. Although GmSIZ1a was expressed at higher levels than GmSIZ1b, both genes encoded proteins with SUMO E3 ligase activity in vivo. Heterologous expression of GmSIZ1a or GmSIZ1b rescued the mutant phenotype of Arabidopsis siz1‐2, including dwarfism, constitutively activated expression of pathogen‐related genes, and ABA‐sensitive seed germination. Simultaneous downregulation of GmSIZ1a and GmSIZ1b (GmSIZ1a/b) using RNA interference (RNAi)‐mediated gene silencing decreased heat shock‐induced SUMO conjugation in soybean. Moreover, GmSIZ1RNAi plants exhibited reduced plant height and leaf size. However, unlike Arabidopsis siz1‐2 mutant plants, flowering time and SA levels were not significantly altered in GmSIZ1RNAi plants. Taken together, our results indicate that GmSIZ1a and GmSIZ1b mediate SUMO modification and positively regulate vegetative growth in soybean.
Impact of human papilloma virus vaccination on adolescent knowledge, perception of sexual risk and need for safer sexual behaviors in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Prayudi Pande Kadek Aditya , Permatasari Anak Agung Istri Yulan , Winata I Gde Sastra , Suwiyoga Ketut 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimTo determine the impact of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination on knowledge, perception of sexual risk and need for continued safe sexual behavior among Indonesian girls.MethodsA comparative cross‐sectional study was carried on in Denpasar, the capital city of Bali, Indonesia, during September 2015–February 2016. A total of 828 adolescent girls (12–16 years) were recruited to assess their knowledge on HPV/HPV vaccine, perception of sexual risks and need for continued safe sexual behavior.ResultsA total of 419 girls (50.7%) had received HPV vaccination prior to the study, 76.4% of whom (320/419) had sufficient knowledge about HPV. HPV vaccination was a strong and independent predictor of higher HPV/HPV vaccine knowledge (adjusted OR [AOR], 9.358; 95%CI: 6.816–12.849, P < 0.001). HPV vaccination (AOR, 0.107; 95%CI: 0.074–0.155, P < 0.001) and higher knowledge level (AOR, 0.667; 95%CI: 0.464–0.958, P = 0.028) were associated with lower perceived HPV risk. Despite the low risk perception, most of the vaccinated girls (408/419, 97.4%) continued to perceive higher need for safe sexual behaviors. On multivariate analysis, higher knowledge was the independent predictor for higher perceived need for safe sexual behaviors (AOR, 4.260; 95%CI: 2.016–9.001, P < 0.001).ConclusionThe HPV vaccination was associated with higher knowledge and appropriately lower perception of HPV risk. Despite the vaccination, most of the adolescents continued to perceive a need for safer sexual behavior. All adolescent girls should receive HPV vaccination in order to reduce cervical cancer burden in the future.
Association of urodynamics and lower urogenital tract nerve growth factor after synthetic vaginal mesh implantation on a rat model
Authors: Lo Tsia‐Shu , Lin Yi‐Hao , Chu Hsiao‐Chien , Cortes Eileen Feliz M. , Pue Leng Boi , Tan Yiap Loong , Uy‐Patrimonio Ma. Clarissa 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimBy investigating the association of urodynamics and urogenital nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in vaginal mesh surgery, we may be able to associate the likelihood of postoperative lower urinary tract symptoms developing as a result of synthetic mesh implanted for pelvic floor reconstructive surgery.MethodsThirty‐eight female Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into three groups: mesh, sham (no mesh), and control. Urodynamic study and NGF analysis of the urogenital tissues were done and results were compared among all groups. The urodynamic studies of the mesh and sham groups were further divided into the 4th and 10th days. A P‐value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsAll rats survived and no complications were observed during the post‐implantation period. Histological evaluation showed intense acute inflammatory reaction on days 4 and 7 in the mesh and sham groups when compared to the control. The mesh group showed a larger area of inflammation as compared to the sham. The NGF levels increased significantly in the mesh and sham groups on the 4th and 10th days when compared to the control (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). Both the mesh and sham groups had shorter voiding interval and lower voiding volume on days 4 and 10 when compared to the control group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). The magnitude on increasing NGF level and decreasing voiding interval and voiding volume was significantly more on the mesh group than the sham group.ConclusionA higher level of NGF in the early days post‐transvaginal mesh implantation is associated with a shorter voiding interval and a smaller bladder capacity, which represents abnormal lower urinary tract symptoms following transvaginal mesh implantation.
Effect of ensiling whole crop oat with lucerne in different ratios on fermentation quality, aerobic stability and in vitro digestibility on the Tibetan plateau
Authors: Chen L. , Guo G. , Yuan X. J. , Zhang J. , Wen A. Y. , Sun X. H. , Shao T. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of ensiling different ratios of whole crop oat to lucerne on fermentation quality, aerobic stability and in vitro digestibility of silage on the Tibetan plateau. Four experimental treatments were produced varying in the ratio of forages on a fresh matter (FM) basis: 1) 100% oat (control, dry matter (DM) content: 317 g/kg), 2) 90% oat + 10% lucerne (OL10, DM content: 316 g/kg), 3) 80% oat+ 20% lucerne (OL20, DM content: 317 g/kg) and 4) 70% oat+ 30% lucerne (OL30, DM content: 318 g/kg). All treatments were packed into laboratory‐scale silos and ensiled for 60 days and then subjected to an aerobic stability test for 15 days. Further, the four experimental treatments were incubated in vitro with buffered rumen fluid to study the nutrient digestibility. All silages were well preserved with low pH and NH3‐N contents, and high lactic acid contents and V‐scores (evaluation of silage quality). Increasing the lucerne proportion increased (p < 0.05) crude protein (CP) content of silage, whereas neutral (NDF) and acid (ADF) detergent fibre contents were not affected. Under aerobic conditions, the control silage showed higher (p < 0.05) yeast counts (>105 cfu/g FM) followed by OL10 silage, and OL10 silage improved aerobic stability for 74 h. OL20 and OL30 silages showed fewer (p < 0.05) yeasts (<105 cfu/g FM) and markedly (p < 0.05) improved the aerobic stability (>360 h). After 48‐h incubation, OL30 silage increased (p < 0.05) in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and neutral detergent fibre digestibility (IVNDFD) compared with the control silage. These results suggest that replacing oat with lucerne had no unfavourable effects on fermentation quality of silage, but improved CP content, aerobic stability IVDMD and IVNDFD. OL30 silage was the best among the three mixed silages.
Maternal dietary linoleic acid supplementation promotes muscle fibre type transformation in suckling piglets
Authors: Lu Z. Q. , Ren Y. , Zhou X. H. , Yu X. F. , Huang J. , Yu D. Y. , Wang X. X. , Wang Y. Z. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryAs meat quality is basically dependent on muscle fibre characteristics, it is important to know how muscle fibres are regulated and transformed. This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal dietary supplementation on muscle fibre types using 3% saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid, PA) or 3% unsaturated fatty acid (linoleic acid, LA) from 80 days of gestation to the weaning of offspring (25 days post‐natal). The results indicated that higher mRNA levels of MyHCI type genes were found in the soleus muscles of piglets that suckled from LA‐supplemented sows than from PA‐supplemented sows. In addition, LA treatment increased the gene expression of the type I muscle fibre marker troponin I (p < 0.01), suggesting that LA promoted muscle fibre type transformation to type I fibres. Moreover, PGC‐1α (p < 0.01) and MEF2c (p < 0.05) mRNA levels were higher in the piglets from the LA treatment group than in those from the PA treatment group. Furthermore, LA supplementation also significantly increased AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) mRNA levels (p < 0.05), which is an upstream regulator of PGC‐1α. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that maternal dietary LA supplementation promoted muscle fibre transformation to type I fibre and that this process may be mediated through an AMPK‐dependent pathway.
Transgenic expression of ephrinB2 in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) modulates osteogenic differentiation via signaling crosstalk between ephrinB2 and EphB4 in PDLSCs and between PDLSCs and pre‐osteoblasts within co‐culture
Authors: Zhu S. Y. , Wang P. L. , Liao C. S. , Yang Y. Q. , Yuan C. Y. , Wang S. , Dissanayaka W. L. , Heng B. C. , Zhang C. F. 
Published: October 2016

Background and ObjectiveThe goal of periodontal therapy is to regenerate/reconstruct the damaged supporting tissues of diseased teeth and to facilitate recovery of their physiological functions. Combination of stem cell transplantation and gene therapy offers a viable method for accelerating periodontal repair and regeneration. In this study, the role of the ephrinB2/EphB4 signaling pathway in regulating osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and crosstalk between PDLSCs and pre‐osteoblasts within co‐culture was investigated through ephrinB2 transgenic expression in PDLSCs.Material and MethodsPDLSCs isolated from premolar teeth of teenage patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were transfected with transgenic (hEfnB2‐GFP‐Bsd) vector or empty vector (GFP‐Bsd). Vector‐PDLSCs, EfnB2‐PDLSCs, MC3T3‐E1 and co‐cultures of vector‐PDLSCs with MC3T3‐E1, and EfnB2‐PDLSCs with MC3T3‐E1 were subjected to osteogenic induction. The osteogenic differentiation of EfnB2‐PDLSCs, vector‐PDLSCs and co‐cultures were assessed by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and Alizarin‐red S staining. Protein expression levels of ephrinB2, EphB4, phosphorylated ephrinB2 and EphB4 were analyzed by western blot, immunoprecipitation and co‐immunoprecipitation assays.ResultsALP assay and Alizarin‐red S staining demonstrated higher ALP activity and increased mineralization with EfnB2‐PDLSCs vs. vector‐PDLSCs and with co‐culture of EfnB2‐PDLSCs and MC3T3‐E1 vs. vector‐PDLSCs and MC3T3‐E1. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction revealed that the expression of human odonto/osteogenic markers were significantly enhanced in EfnB2‐PDLSCs compared to vector‐PDLSCs, and that the expression of mouse odonto/osteogenic markers were significantly higher in co‐culture of EfnB2‐PDLSCs with MC3T3‐E1 vs. vector‐PDLSCs with MC3T3‐E1. The EphB4 receptor was activated through phosphorylation during osteogenic differentiation.ConclusionOur data indicate that transgenic expression of ephrinB2 in PDLSCs could promote osteogenic differentiation via stimulation of the phosphorylation of ephrinB2 and EphB4, which regulates cell communication between PDLSCs and between PDLSCs and pre‐osteoblasts within co‐culture.
Long‐term dynamics in microbial eukaryotes communities: a palaeolimnological view based on sedimentary DNA
Authors: Capo Eric , Debroas Didier , Arnaud Fabien , Guillemot Typhaine , Bichet Vincent , Millet Laurent , Gauthier Emilie , Massa Charly , Develle Anne‐Lise , Pignol Cécile , Lejzerowicz Franck , Domaizon Isabelle 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAssessing the extent to which changes in lacustrine biodiversity are affected by anthropogenic or climatic forces requires extensive palaeolimnological data. We used high‐throughput sequencing to generate time‐series data encompassing over 2200 years of microbial eukaryotes (protists and Fungi) diversity changes from the sedimentary DNA record of two lakes (Lake Bourget in French Alps and Lake Igaliku in Greenland). From 176 samples, we sequenced a large diversity of microbial eukaryotes, with a total 16 386 operational taxonomic units distributed within 50 phylogenetic groups. Thus, microbial groups, such as Chlorophyta, Dinophyceae, Haptophyceae and Ciliophora, that were not previously considered in lacustrine sediment record analyses appeared to be potential biological markers of trophic status changes. Our data suggest that shifts in relative abundance of extant species, including shifts between rare and abundant taxa, drive ecosystem responses to local and global environmental changes. Community structure shift events were concomitant with major climate variations (more particularly in Lake Igaliku). However, this study shows that the impacts of climatic fluctuations may be overpassed by the high‐magnitude eutrophication impacts, as observed in the eutrophicated Lake Bourget. Overall, our data show that DNA preserved in sediment constitutes a precious archive of information on past biodiversity changes.