bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the Engineering Student Integration Instrument: Rethinking Measures of Integration
Authors: Lee Walter C. , Godwin Allison , Nave Amy L. Hermundstad 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is a need for engineering‐specific theories and constructs to advance our understanding of student development. Student integration, widely used in educational research, is a suitable construct; however, it has also received some criticism. These critiques can be addressed by rethinking student integration and its use in the context of engineering education.Purpose/HypothesisThis article re‐conceptualizes student integration and describes the development of the Engineering Student Integration Instrument (ESII), which measures integration, as well as provides evidence of its validity.Design/MethodPreliminary items for the ESII were developed using open‐ended survey responses from undergraduate engineering students about the impact of co‐curricular support. These items were reviewed by multiple researchers to assess question phrasing, formatting, and face validity. The resulting instrument was administered electronically to students in the College of Engineering at a large East Coast public university. Data from 586 students were used to develop evidence of validity by conducting an exploratory factor analysis on half of the data and a confirmatory factor analysis on the other half.ResultsEvidence of validity indicates the appropriateness of the ESII for measuring integration and operationalizes integration constructs from the model of co‐curricular support (MCCS) for undergraduate engineering students, including academic, social, professional, and university integration.ConclusionsGrounded in the MCCS, the ESII begins to address several critiques of student integration as originally defined by Tinto's model of institutional departure, those related particularly to the measurement of the integration constructs.
Sensitivity analysis of the reduced forms of the one‐diode model for photovoltaic devices
Authors: Coco Salvatore , Laudani Antonino , Lozito Gabriele Maria , Riganti Fulginei Francesco , Salvini Alessandro 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis work describes a sensitivity analysis for the one‐diode model used to represent photovoltaic devices. The parameters of the model can be found through an analytic and numeric procedure starting from the datasheet values given by the constructor. From this repeatable and pseud‐deterministic approach, a numerical study of the sensitivity of the model parameters against experimental datasheet values is proposed, along with a strategy to minimize the average error propagated in model identification.
Managing the self‐esteem, employment gaps, and employment quality process: The role of facilitation‐ and understanding‐based emotional intelligence
Authors: Dust Scott B. , Rode Joseph C. , Arthaud‐Day Marne L. , Howes Satoris S. , Ramaswami Aarti 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe job search literature addresses characteristics that facilitate reemployment but does not address the management of employment gaps. Building upon prior job search research, we suggest that facilitation‐based emotional intelligence reduces employment gaps through self‐esteem. Further, understanding‐based emotional intelligence moderates the negative relationship between employment gaps and subsequent employment fit. We test these hypotheses employing a multiwave data collection of 157 workers. At Time 1, undergraduate students completed a measure of self‐esteem and a test of facilitation‐ and understanding‐based emotional intelligence using the Mayer–Salovey–Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test© V2.0. Ten years later (Time 2), the same individuals reported their employment gaps, person–organization fit, and person–job fit. Findings suggest that facilitation‐based emotional intelligence is associated with higher self‐esteem, which in turn leads to reduced employment gaps. Additionally, understanding‐based emotional intelligence moderates the relationship between employment gaps and person–job fit such that low understanding‐based emotional intelligence enhances the negative relationship and high understanding‐based emotional intelligence neutralizes the relationship. This study contributes to the emotional intelligence, career management, and job search literatures by illustrating that emotional intelligence plays a role in preventing employment gaps and managing the difficulties associated with subsequent reemployment.
Activity of the Southern Annular Mode during 2015–2016 El Niño event and its impact on Southern Hemisphere climate anomalies
Authors: Vera Carolina S. , Osman Marisol 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTPrevious studies documented that El Niño (EN) events are in general associated with negative phases of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). EN 2015–2016 (EN15–16) was one of the three strongest events ever recorded. However, it was associated with a SAM positive phase of extreme intensity. Furthermore, while the negative linear relationship between ENSO and SAM during the most recent period (1986–2014) was significant and associated with a narrow uncertainty band, the combined condition of both climate patterns in the EN15–16 event was an outlier. The EN15–16 influence on the austral summer circulation anomalies at the extratropical and polar regions of the Southern Hemisphere was considerably altered by the strong SAM positive phase, which was evident not only at the troposphere but also at the stratosphere. Such circulation changes resulted in unusual regional impacts, such as negative anomalies of surface air temperature in western Antarctic Peninsula and negative precipitation anomalies in southeastern South America, ever recorded for previous strong EN events. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms explaining the SAM behaviour during 2015–2016 and its implication for climate predictability on seasonal timescales.
Parameter optimization for carbon and water fluxes in two global land surface models based on surrogate modelling
Authors: Li Jianduo , Duan Qingyun , Wang Ying‐Ping , Gong Wei , Gan Yanjun , Wang Chen 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTErrors are quite large in the simulated carbon and water fluxes obtained by global models used for the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and reducing those errors is important for improving our confidence about these models and their projections. Errors in model parameter values are a major cause of those large modelling errors but can be significantly reduced if model parameter values are optimized. While parameter optimizations have been carried out at local sites or regional scales, parameter optimizations have been rarely conducted at the global scale because of the high computing costs required to optimize a large (>100) number of model parameters. In this study, we used an adaptive surrogate modelling based optimization (ASMO) method to maximize the match between simulated monthly global gross primary production (GPP) and latent heat flux (LE) derived by two global land surface models (LSMs) and the model‐data products for global GPP and LE from the 1982–2008 period generated by the Max Plank Institute. The ASMO method only required a few hundred model runs to find the optimal values of all optimized parameters for the two global LSMs [the Australian Community Atmosphere‐Biosphere‐Land Exchange (CABLE) and joint UK land environment simulator (JULES)]. Our results show that up to 65% of the model errors can be reduced by parameter optimization for most of the plant functional types (PFTs) and that the model performances of CABLE and JULES are significantly improved at 72 and 93% of the land points, respectively. At last, we discuss the limitations of this work and recommend that parameter optimization based on surrogate modelling using various observational data sets and acceptable prior information of uncertainties in model structure and observations should be considered as a key step in improving the performance of global LSMs or model intercomparisons.
Magnetic core micelles as a nanosorbent for the efficient removal and recovery of three organophosphorus pesticides from fruit juice and environmental water samples
Authors: Hamedi Raheleh , B.G. Aghaie Ali , Hadjmohammadi Mohammad Reza 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSodium dodecyl sulfate coated amino‐functionalized magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were used as an efficient adsorbent for rapid removal and preconcentration of three important organophosphorus pesticides, chlorpyrifos, diazinon and phosalone, by ultrasound‐assisted dispersive magnetic solid‐phase microextraction. Fabrication of amino‐functionalized magnetic nanoparticles was certified by characteristic analyses, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Affecting parameters on the removal efficiency were investigated and optimized through half‐fractional factorial design and Doehlert design, respectively. The analysis of analytes was performed by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Under the optimum conditions, extraction recoveries for 20 ng/mL of organophosphorus pesticides were in the range of 84–97% with preconcentration factors in the range of 134–155. Replicating the experiment in above condition for five times gave the relative standard deviations <6%. The calibration curves showed high linearity in the range of 0.2–700 ng/mL and the limits of detection were in the range of 0.08–0.13 ng/mL. The proposed method was successfully applied for both removal and trace determination of these three organophosphorus pesticides in environmental water and fruit juice samples.
Automated solid‐phase extraction of phenolic acids using layered double hydroxide–alumina–polymer disks
Authors: Ghani Milad , Palomino Cabello Carlos , Saraji Mohammad , Manuel Estela Jose , Cerdà Víctor , Turnes Palomino Gemma , Maya Fernando 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe application of layered double hydroxide–Al2O3–polymer mixed‐matrix disks for solid‐phase extraction is reported for the first time. Al2O3 is embedded in a polymer matrix followed by an in situ metal‐exchange process to obtain a layered double hydroxide–Al2O3–polymer mixed‐matrix disk with excellent flow‐through properties. The extraction performance of the prepared disks is evaluated as a proof of concept for the automated extraction using sequential injection analysis of organic acids (p‐hydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid) following an anion‐exchange mechanism. After the solid‐phase extraction, phenolic acids were quantified by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode‐array detection using a core–shell silica–C18 stationary phase and isocratic elution (acetonitrile/0.5% acetic acid in pure water, 5:95, v/v). High sensitivity and reproducibility were obtained with limits of detection in the range of 0.12–0.25 μg/L (sample volume, 4 mL), and relative standard deviations between 2.9 and 3.4% (10 μg/L, n = 6). Enrichment factors of 34–39 were obtained. Layered double hydroxide–Al2O3–polymer mixed‐matrix disks had an average lifetime of 50 extractions. Analyte recoveries ranged from 93 to 96% for grape juice and nonalcoholic beer samples.
Explicit approximate analytical solutions of seepage‐deformation in unsaturated soils
Authors: Li Jiwei , Wei Changfu 
Published: January 2018

SummaryAn approximate analytical solution is presented for the coupled seepage and deformation problem of unsaturated soils. Because of the matric suction dependence of both saturation and permeability coefficient, the coupled governing equations are strongly nonlinear. To obtain an analytical solution, these coupled governing equations are linearized and analytically solved for a specified saturation using the eigenfunction method. Then, the obtained analytical solutions are extended to the entire saturation range. Comparison between the current solution and the previous theoretical solution indicates that the proposed solution yields excellent results. Due to its analytical nature, the proposed procedure can be effectively used to obtain the solution of the coupled seepage and deformation of unsaturated soils.
Differences in Prevalence of Muscle Weakness (Sarcopenia) in Haemodialysis Patients Determined by Hand Grip Strength Due to Variation in Guideline Definitions of Sarcopenia
Authors: Tangvoraphonkchai Kamonwan , Hung Rachel , Sadeghi‐Alavijeh Omid , Davenport Andrew 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundMuscle weakness is associated with increased mortality, and hemodialysis (HD) patients are at an increased risk for muscle loss. There is no agreed definition for muscle weakness, so we determined whether using different cut‐off criteria recommended by guideline groups altered the prevalence in HD patients.MethodsWe measured hand grip strength (HGS) in HD outpatients, comparing HGS with clinical guideline cut‐offs (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People [EWGSOP] and North American Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Sarcopenia Project [FNIH]) used to define muscle wasting (sarcopenia) with age‐matched and gender‐matched normative data.ResultsWe studied 459 patients, 61.4% male, 47.3% diabetic. The prevalence of muscle weakness was significantly different when measuring HGS; 84.5% using the EWGSOP cut‐off and 73.2% with FNIH criteria, and 75.2% using North American normative data and 56.6% U.K. normative data (P < .01). On logistic regression, muscle weakness was associated with age (odds ratio [OR] 1.05, P < .001), weight (OR 0.96, P < .001), serum albumin (OR 0.89, P = .007), and being nondiabetic (OR 0.31, P = .001). Of patients with no comorbidity, 66.7% were weak when compared with 93.8% with the highest comorbidity scores (P < .001).ConclusionThere is currently no agreed universal definition for sarcopenia, but the EWGSOP and FNIH advocate HGS cut‐offs as part of their definition. The prevalence of muscle weakness varies according to cut‐off and whether age‐matched and gender‐matched normative data are used. In addition, patient characteristics in terms of age and comorbidity determine the prevalence of muscle weakness.
Boronate‐Based Fluorescence Probes for the Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Lampard Emma V. , Sedgwick Adam C. , Sun Xiaolong , Filer Katherine L. , Hewins Samantha C. , Kim Gyoungmi , Yoon Juyoung , Bull Steven D. , James Tony D. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this work, we synthesized a series of boronate ester fluorescence probes (E)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐2‐(4‐styrylphenyl)‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolane (STBPin), (E)‐N,N‐dimethyl‐4‐(4‐(4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl)styryl)aniline (DSTBPin), (E)‐4‐(4‐(4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl)styryl)benzonitrile (CSTBPin), (E)‐2‐(4‐(4‐methoxystyryl)phenyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolane (MSTBPin), (E)‐N,N‐dimethyl‐4‐(4‐(4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl)styryl)naphthalen‐1‐amine (NDSTBPin), and N,N‐dimethyl‐4‐(2‐(4‐(4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl)phenyl)oxazol‐5‐yl)aniline (DAPOX‐BPin) for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). DSTBPin and MSTBPin displayed an “Off–On” fluorescence response towards H2O2, owing to the loss of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) excited state. Whereas, CSTBPin displayed a decrease in fluorescence intensity in the presence of H2O2 owing to the introduction of an ICT excited state. STBPin, on the other hand, produced a small fluorescence decrease, indicating the importance of an electron‐withdrawing or electron‐donating group in these systems. Unfortunately, the longer wavelength probe, NDSTBPin, displayed a decrease in fluorescence intensity. Oxazole‐based probe DAPOX‐BPin produced a “turn‐on” response. Regrettably, DAPOX‐BPin required large concentrations of H2O2 (>3 mm) to produce noticeable changes in fluorescence intensity and, therefore, no change in fluorescence was observed in the cell imaging experiments.
Quality of life, binge eating and sexual function in participants treated for obesity with sustained release naltrexone/bupropion
Authors: Halseth A. , Shan K. , Gilder K. , Malone M. , Acevedo L. , Fujioka K. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryObjectiveThis multicenter, randomized, controlled, open‐label trial examined weight‐related quality of life, control over eating behaviour and sexual function after 26 weeks of treatment with either 32 mg naltrexone sustained release (SR)/360 mg bupropion SR plus a comprehensive lifestyle intervention program (NB + CLI, N = 153) or usual care (UC, N = 89), which included minimal lifestyle intervention.MethodsImpact of Weight on Quality of Life‐Lite, Binge Eating Scale and Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale were assessed at baseline (BL) and weeks 16 and 26.ResultsNB + CLI and UC participants lost 9.46 and 0.94% respectively of initial body weight at week 26 (P < 0.0001). NB + CLI participants had greater improvements in Impact of Weight on Quality of Life‐Lite total score than UC participants (P < 0.0001). In participants with moderate/severe Binge Eating Scale scores at BL, 91% of NB + CLI and 18% of UC participants experienced categorical improvements. In participants with Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale‐defined sexual dysfunction at BL, 58% of NB + CLI and 19% of UC participants no longer met dysfunction criteria at week 26. The most frequent adverse events leading to discontinuation before week 26 in NB + CLI included nausea (10.5%); anxiety (3.3%); and headache, hypertension, insomnia and palpitations (1.3% each).ConclusionCompared with UC, participants treated with NB + CLI experienced greater improvements in weight‐related quality of life, control over eating behaviour, and sexual function.
Latitudinal trends in Freshwater Drum population dynamics: Facing a changing climate
Authors: Abner J.K. , Phelps Q.E. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLatitudinal trends are present in multiple groups of organisms. Widely distributed species experience broad environmental gradients with differences in climate that translates to differences in dynamic rate functions. When evaluating widely distributed fishes in a large river system, one particular interest is the influence of latitude on recruitment, growth, and mortality. This study explored effects of latitude, and therefore climate, on the population dynamics of Freshwater Drum Aplodinotus grunniens along the Upper Mississippi River. Descriptive examinations of the dynamic rate functions indicated that freshwater drum populations from more northern locations experienced greater variability in recruitment, smaller maximum lengths, longer lifespans, and lower mortality rates than their southern counterparts. One potential hypothesis to explain these results relates to the temperature differences between more northern and more southern latitudes. For further explanation, individual regressions were computed between average temperature and population characteristics. These analyses suggested that temperature is a major driver of freshwater drum population attributes along this latitudinal gradient. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that a potential increased thermal regime (i.e., mid‐century and end‐century time climate change) will likely have pronounced influence on freshwater drum population characteristics. This research has implications for understanding population dynamics of widely distributed organisms in large riverine systems.
A Comparative Analysis of Attitudes on Communication Toward Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine Between the Public and the Scientific Community
Authors: Shineha Ryuma , Inoue Yusuke , Ikka Tsunakuni , Kishimoto Atsuo , Yashiro Yoshimi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Owing to the rapid progress in stem cell research (SCR) and regenerative medicine (RM), society's expectation and interest in these fields are increasing. For effective communication on issues concerning SCR and RM, surveys for understanding the interests of stakeholders is essential. For this purpose, we conducted a large-scale survey with 2,160 public responses and 1,115 responses from the member of the Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine. Results showed that the public is more interested in the post-realization aspects of RM, such as cost of care, countermeasures for risks and accidents, and clarification of responsibility and liability, than in the scientific aspects; the latter is of greater interest only to scientists. Our data indicate that an increased awareness about RM-associated social responsibility and regulatory framework is required among scientists, such as those regarding its benefits, potential accidents, abuse, and other social consequences. Awareness regarding the importance of communication and education for scientists are critical to bridge the gaps in the interests of the public and scientists.
Transparent, Flexible, Conformal Capacitive Pressure Sensors with Nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Hyeohn , Kim Gwangmook , Kim Taehoon , Lee Sangwoo , Kang Donyoung , Hwang Min‐Soo , Chae Youngcheol , Kang Shinill , Lee Hyungsuk , Park Hong‐Gyu , Shim Wooyoung 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe fundamental challenge in designing transparent pressure sensors is the ideal combination of high optical transparency and high pressure sensitivity. Satisfying these competing demands is commonly achieved by a compromise between the transparency and usage of a patterned dielectric surface, which increases pressure sensitivity, but decreases transparency. Herein, a design strategy for fabricating high‐transparency and high‐sensitivity capacitive pressure sensors is proposed, which relies on the multiple states of nanoparticle dispersity resulting in enhanced surface roughness and light transmittance. We utilize two nanoparticle dispersion states on a surface: (i) homogeneous dispersion, where each nanoparticle (≈500 nm) with a size comparable to the visible light wavelength has low light scattering; and (ii) heterogeneous dispersion, where aggregated nanoparticles form a micrometer‐sized feature, increasing pressure sensitivity. This approach is experimentally verified using a nanoparticle‐dispersed polymer composite, which has high pressure sensitivity (1.0 kPa–1), and demonstrates excellent transparency (>95%). We demonstrate that the integration of nanoparticle‐dispersed capacitor elements into an array readily yields a real‐time pressure monitoring application and a fully functional touch device capable of acting as a pressure sensor‐based input device, thereby opening up new avenues to establish processing techniques that are effective on the nanoscale yet applicable to macroscopic processing.
2D Photovoltaic Devices: Progress and Prospects
Authors: Wang Lin , Huang Li , Tan Wee Chong , Feng Xuewei , Chen Li , Huang Xin , Ang Kah‐Wee 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe discovery of the new class of 2D materials has stimulated extensive research interest for fundamental studies and applied technologies. Owing to their unique electronic and optical properties, which differ from their bulk counterparts and conventional optoelectronic materials, 2D materials at the atomic scale are very attractive for future photovoltaic devices. Over the past years, their great potential for photovoltaic applications has been widely investigated by creating a variety of specific device structures. Here, the recent progress made toward the exploitation of 2D materials for high‐performance photovoltaic applications is reviewed. By addressing both lateral and vertical configurations, the prospects offered by 2D materials for future generations of photovoltaic devices are elucidated. In addition, the challenges facing this rapidly progressing research field are discussed, and routes to commercially viable 2D‐material‐based photovoltaic devices are proposed.