Framework and policy recommendations for the design of metaverse platforms in support of Saudi Vision 2030
Authors: Alotaibi Maha Fahad , Alharbi Eaman , Alhalabi Wadee , Malibari Areej 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
This paper suggests a framework that describes the critical features and design elements that should be considered when creating a metaverse platform. This metaverse framework will assist in achieving the goals of Saudi Vision 2030, specifically in making the applied technology transformation goal a reality. In addition, this paper offers valuable recommendations and insights for policymakers to guarantee the actualization of the digital transformation associated with the metaverse in Saudi Vision 2030.

Design/methodology/approach
This research plans to address the gaps by conducting a thorough literature review to examine the characteristics and design elements of the latest metaverse platforms. It proposes a suggested framework that discusses the distinctive features that should be considered when creating any metaverse platform. In addition, the research provides policymakers with important recommendations and insights to ensure effective contribution to the digital transformation goals of Saudi Vision 2030, thereby supporting the scientific development of the metaverse platform

Findings
After a deep review of the literature, this paper proposes a conceptual framework as described in Figure 1, which identifies the most important design features and elements that need to be considered when building a metaverse platform, which will be a critical component of the digital infrastructure. These design elements include immersive engineering, accessibility, privacy, security, interoperability, digital assets and regulations. They are essential to developing a powerful metaverse platform that has all the features of this virtual reality environment. Immersive engineering concepts in the metaverse world aim to improve user experience by creating more realistic, interactive and engaging virtual environments.

Research limitations/implications
The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the development and implementation of metaverse platforms in Saudi Arabia by proposing a suggested framework that discusses the distinctive features that should be considered when creating metaverse platform and provides policymakers with some important recommendations and insights to ensure that effectively contributes to the realization of digital transformation, which is the one of Saudi Vision 2030. This paper carries several implications. First, this paper has an impact on future technology research, as it presented the most important design elements and advanced technologies for implementing metaverse platforms. In addition, it sheds the light on the limitations faced by Saudi Arabia metaverse platforms. Second, this research also has an impact on public policy in Saudi Arabia. This paper presented the most important recommendations that need to be taken into consideration when applying metaverse in Saudi Arabia [see section Recommendation]. Finally, it is seen that the presence of the metaverse not only facilitates but also supports digital transformation and the application of new technology. This research also has an indirect impact on society and the economy, as it is delineating the enhancements within these environments following the metaverse’s adoption, as elucidated in section Discussion.

Social implications
Metaverse platforms have societal impacts such as social engagement, entertainment, education, accessibility and cultural promotion. They can enhance inclusivity, improve well-being, showcase cultural heritage and boost tourism-related industries.

Originality/value
Proposed framework for metaverse platforms: The research proposes a suggested framework that outlines the distinctive features necessary for creating metaverse platforms. This framework is based on a thorough literature review and aims to guide the development of metaverse platforms that can support the objectives of Saudi Vision 2030. Policy recommendations: The study offers important recommendations and insights for policymakers. These recommendations are designed to ensure that policymakers can effectively contribute to the realization of the digital transformation goals of Saudi Vision 2030, particularly in the context of applied technology transformation.