bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF AZINES AND AZINONES WITH ENAMINES. CYCLIZATION THROUGH THE ORTHO‐BINDING OF A HETEROAROMATIC SYSTEM IN A REACTION WITH QUINOXALINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: CHUPAKHIN O. N. , CHARUSHIN V. N. , SHNUROV YU. V. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReaktionen des Nitrochinoxalinons (II) mit Enaminen oder mit Gemischen von Carbonylverbindungen und sek. Aminen (im Überschuß der Carbonylverbindung oder in Ethanol) liefern die Addukte (I) und (III) (1H‐NMR‐Spektrum; Mechanismus).
ChemInform Abstract: THE MEISENHEIMER REARRANGEMENT IN HETEROCYCLIC SYNTHESIS. I. SYNTHESIS OF SOME TETRAHYDRO‐2,3‐BENZOXAZEPINES
Authors: BREMNER J. B. , BROWNE E. J. , DAVIES P. E. , LE VAN THUC LE VAN THUC 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Oxidation der Tetrahydroisochinolin‐ Verbindungen (I) mit wäßrigem H2O2 oder mit m‐Chlorperbenzoesäure liefert die trennbaren cis‐ und trans‐Isomeren (II) und (III) der N‐Oxide mit dominierendem cis‐ Anteil.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND CHEMISTRY OF THE PHENOXASILINS AND DIHYDRODIBENZOOXASILEPINS
Authors: CHANG V. H. T. , COREY J. Y. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAus Dilithio‐diphenylether und Dilithiobenzylphenylether (I) werden durch Umsetzung mit Dichlorsilanen (II) Phenoxasiline und Dibenzoxasilepine (III) synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCYCLIC SYSTEMS CONTAINING PHOSPHORUS. PART IV. SYNTHESIS AND INFRARED AND MASS SPECTRAL STUDIES OF 2‐(4′‐NITROPHENOXY)‐2,3‐DIHYDRO‐1H‐BENZO‐1,3,2‐DIAZAPHOSPHOLE 2‐OXIDES AND NAPHTHO(1,8‐DE)(1,3,2)DIAZAPHOSPHORINE 2‐OXIDE
Authors: NAIDU M. S. R. , REDDY C. D. , REDDY P. S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Titelverbindungen (III) und (IV) werden durch Umsetzung der entsprechenden Diamine mit O‐p‐Nitrophenylphosphorsäuredichlorid (II) in siedendem Benzol oder Chlorbenzol dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF PSEUDOGUAIANOLIDES: (.+‐.)‐AROMATICIN AND (.+‐.)‐AROMATIN
Authors: LANSBURY P. T. , HANGAUER D. G. JUN. , VACCA J. P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Darstellung der Titelverbindungen (V) (Aromaticin) bzw. (IX) (Aromatin) erfolgt auf den angegebenen Wegen jeweils ausgehend von dem aus der Schlüsselverbindung (I) erhältlichen Lacton (IVa).
ChemInform Abstract: MOTOR FUELS FROM COAL
Authors: EISENLOHR K. H. , GAENSSLEN H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUnter dem Aspekt der zu gewinnenden Unabhängigkeit vom Rohöl diskutieren die Autoren erstens die Kohlevergasung, Gasreinigung und Konditionierung, sowie die Auffächerung auf dieser Stufe in die Fischer‐Tropsch‐ Synthese, Methanolsynthese, Methansynthese und Wasserstoffsynthese und zweitens die Varianten der Hochdru ckhydrierung von Kohle nach Bergius und der Kohleverflüssigung (Blockschemata).
Vanishing thyroid gland tumors: Infarction as consequence of FNA?
Authors: Kholová Ivana 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundFine‐needle aspiration (FNA)‐induced secondary changes were described in various organs. Complete replacement of tumor by necrosis causes diagnostic and management problems.MethodsSeven cases of totally or partially vanished thyroid lesions were identified from the archive of Department of Pathology, Fimlab Laboratories within 5 year period. Histopathological slides were revised in all cases.ResultsTotal thyroidectomy or lobectomy samples were from 4 females and 3 males patients aged 37–83 years (mean 67.1 years). Imaging data were available in 6 cases. Cytology slides and data were available only in 3 cases: two revealed follicular neoplasm and one was insufficient according to Bethesda system. In 5 cases, final histopathology revealed total necrosis of the lesion with only one case with available cytological diagnosis of oncocytic follicular neoplasm. In remaining 2 cases, replacement by necrosis was partial. Of note, in three cases, oncocytic metaplasia was present.ConclusionsTotal histopathological blocking with thorough check of capsular areas is recommended in necrotic tumors. Vanishing thyroid lesion phenomenon is rare, but in cases of disappearance of tumor, preoperative cytology diagnosis is the only clue for the patient management. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:568–573. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extremes of eating are associated with reduced neural taste discrimination
Authors: Frank Guido K.W. , Shott Megan E. , Keffler Carrie , Cornier Marc‐Andre 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveEating disorders are severe psychiatric disorders of unknown etiology. Understanding how neuronal function affects food choices could help personalize treatment based on brain function. Here we wanted to determine whether disordered eating behavior is associated with alterations in the primary taste cortex's ability to classify taste stimuli, which could interfere with taste reward processing.MethodOne‐hundred and six women, 27 healthy comparison (age 26.15 ± 6.95 years), 21 with restricting‐type anorexia nervosa (AN; age 23.10 ± 6.14 years), 19 recovered from restricting‐type AN (recovered AN; age 26.95 ± 5.31 years), 20 with bulimia nervosa (BN; age 25.15 ± 5.31 years), and 19 with obesity (age 28.16 ± 8.13 years), received sucrose, control solution or no taste stimulation during functional magnetic resonance brain imaging. Multivariate Bayesian pattern analysis (decoding) and cross‐validation tested taste classification accuracy (adjusted for comorbidity, medication use, taste perception, interoception, and brain activation volume).ResultsFor sucrose versus control solution, classification accuracy differed (F = 2.53, P < 0.041). Post hoc tests indicated higher classification accuracy in healthy comparison compared to women with AN (P < 0.016) or obesity (P < 0.027), and in recovered AN as compared to AN (P < 0.016) or obesity (P < 0.047) groups. Taste stimulation resulted in sparse insula voxel activation across all groups.DiscussionReduced classification accuracy across stimuli in women with AN or obesity could indicate low brain encoding discrimination of stimulus quality, which could contribute to altered reward activation and eating drive that is not adjusted to nutritional needs. This deficit appears to normalize with recovery from AN, but adjusting food flavor intensity could aid in the treatment of individuals with AN or obesity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:603–612)
Terrestrial support of aquatic food webs depends on light inputs: a geographically‐replicated test using tank bromeliads
Authors: Farjalla Vinicius F. , González Angélica L. , Céréghino Régis , Dézerald Olivier , Marino Nicholas A. C. , Piccoli Gustavo C. O. , Richardson Barbara A. , Richardson Michael J. , Romero Gustavo Q. , Srivastava Diane S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFood webs of freshwater ecosystems can be subsidized by allochthonous resources. However, it is still unknown which environmental factors regulate the relative consumption of allochthonous resources in relation to autochthonous resources. Here, we evaluated the importance of allochthonous resources (litterfall) for the aquatic food webs in Neotropical tank bromeliads, a naturally replicated aquatic microcosm. Aquatic invertebrates were sampled in more than 100 bromeliads within either open or shaded habitats and within five geographically distinct sites located in four different countries. Using stable isotope analyses, we determined that allochthonous sources comprised 74% (±17%) of the food resources of aquatic invertebrates. However, the allochthonous contribution to aquatic invertebrates strongly decreased from shaded to open habitats, as light incidence increased in the tanks. The density of detritus in the tanks had no impact on the importance of allochthonous sources to aquatic invertebrates. This overall pattern held for all invertebrates, irrespective of the taxonomic or functional group to which they belonged. We concluded that, over a broad geographic range, aquatic food webs of tank bromeliads are mostly allochthonous‐based, but the relative importance of allochthonous subsidies decreases when light incidence favors autochthonous primary production. These results suggest that, for other freshwater systems, some of the between‐study variation in the importance of allochthonous subsidies may similarly be driven by the relative availability of autochthonous resources.
Why are Food Practices not (More) Environmentally Friendly in France? The role of collective standards and symbolic boundaries in food practices
Authors: Dubuisson‐Quellier Sophie , Gojard Séverine 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDespite concern about environmental issues, the majority of French households do not adopt eco‐friendly practices. We propose a practice theory approach, enriched by key concepts from Bourdieu (distinction) and Lamont (symbolic boundaries), to understand the links between individual practices and collective frameworks. Drawing on an ethnographic study of 30 households in France, we explore food practices and the way people describe them. Our results are twofold: first, individuals see eco‐friendly practices as strongly related to specific groups and normative standards, from which they may want to distinguish themselves. Even when people display eco‐friendly practices, they associate them with other rationales. Second, because eco‐friendly practices are not widely valued, they do not provide the same rewards as the implementation of other standards that are more consensual. We draw some practical implications for public policies from these results. A desegmentation of eco‐friendly practices might prove useful, allowing them to be associated with wider social groups and to convey more collective positive meanings. Moreover, a large proportion of eco‐friendly practices are in continuity with what individuals are already doing. Their implementation could benefit if it were made coherent with other practices, rather than being portrayed in public discourse as requiring a radical change. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Physicians' adherence to guideline‐recommended medications in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: data from the QUALIFY global survey
Authors: Komajda Michel , Anker Stefan D. , Cowie Martin R. , Filippatos Gerasimos S. , Mengelle Bastian , Ponikowski Piotr , Tavazzi Luigi ,   on behalf of the QUALIFY Investigators
Published: April 2016

AimsTo assess physicians' adherence to guideline‐recommended medications for the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) with reduced ejection fraction.Methods and resultsQUALIFY is an international prospective observational longitudinal survey of 7092 CHF outpatients recruited 1–15 months after hospitalization for heart failure from September 2013 to December 2014 in 547 centres in 36 countries. We constructed a five‐class guideline adherence score for angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), beta‐blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and ivabradine. The adherence score was good in 67%, moderate in 25%, and poor in 8% of patients. Adherence was lower in women than men but there were differences in age (65.7 ± 12.5 years women vs. 62.2 ± 12.4 years men, P < 0.001) and the proportion of women at ≥50% target dose of beta‐blockers was lower in those >67 years (median) (11% vs. 16.2%, P = 0.005). Geographic variations were observed with lower adherence scores in Central/Eastern European countries. The proportion of patients at target dose and ≥50% of target dose was low (27.9% and 63.3% for ACEIs, 14.8% and 51.8% for beta‐blockers, 6.9% and 39.5% for ARBs, and 6.9% and 39.5% for ivabradine, respectively). It was also lower in patients most recently hospitalized (<6  vs. ≥6 months) except for beta‐blockers.ConclusionThis international survey shows that adherence to guideline‐recommended medications is relatively satisfactory but the dosage of recommended CHF medications is usually suboptimal. Action plans aimed at improving adherence to guidelines are required.
Comparing the transitional behaviour of kaolinite and bentonite suspension flows
Authors: Baas Jaco H. , Best James L. , Peakall Jeff 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPast research has demonstrated the dramatic effects that variations in suspended clay can have on the properties of flow by producing a range of transitional flows between turbulent and laminar states, depending on clay concentration and fluid shear. Past studies have been restricted to kaolinite flows, a clay mineral that has relatively weak cohesive properties. This paper extends these studies to suspension flows of bentonite, a clay mineral that attains higher viscosities at far lower volumetric concentrations within a flow. The results show that the types of transitional flow behaviour recognized in past studies can also be found in bentonite suspension flows, but at lower suspended sediment concentrations, thus demonstrating an even more dramatic effect on flow properties, and potentially on sediment transport and resulting bed morphology, than kaolinite flows. The paper proposes new stability diagrams for the phase space of bentonite flows and compares these to past work on kaolinite suspension flows. These new data suggest that the transitional‐flow Reynolds number can be used to delineate the types of transitional flow across different clay types and assess modern and ancient clay‐suspension flows. © 2016 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Convenience Yields and Risk Premiums in the EU‐ETS—Evidence from the Kyoto Commitment Period
Authors: Trück Stefan , Weron Rafał 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe examine convenience yields and risk premiums in the EU‐wideemissions trading scheme (EU‐ETS) during the first Kyoto commitment period (2008–2012). We find that the market has changed from initial backwardation to contango with significantly negative convenience yields in futures contracts. We further examine the impact of interest rate levels in the Eurozone, the increasing level of surplus allowances and banking, as well as returns, variance, or skewness in the EU‐ETS spot market. Our findings suggest that the drop in risk‐free rates during and after the financial crisis has impacted on the deviation from the cost‐of‐carry relationship for emission allowances (EUA) futures contracts. Our results also illustrate a negative relationship between convenience yields and the increasing level of inventory during the first Kyoto commitment period, providing an explanation for the high negative convenience yields. Finally, we find that market participants are willing to pay an additional risk premium in the futures market for a hedge against increased volatility in EUA prices. Overall, our results contribute to the literature on the determinants and empirical properties of convenience yields and risk premiums for this relatively new class of assets. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 36:587–611, 2016
Effect of Job Rotation Types on Productivity, Accident Rate, and Satisfaction in the Automotive Assembly Line Workers
Authors: Jeon In Sik , Jeong Byung Yong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study investigates different autonomous job rotation types to analyze their impacts on productivity, accident rate, and worker's satisfaction. The subjects of research were 422 assembly‐line units in 3 production plants from an automobile company. The preferred rotation types and workers’ satisfaction scores in the 422 units were surveyed by the average worker's experience and work productivity, quality and accident rate scores were traced over a 5‐year period. Results showed that workers with little work experience preferred to work in shorter cycles composed of a small variety of tasks, whereas workers with more experience preferred longer cycles composed of a larger variety of tasks. In addition, autonomously chosen rotation systems proved to boost productivity and work satisfaction when compared to units that did not implement job rotation. In contrast, only 4 out of 10 rotation types showed improvements in decreased number of accidents. Of the 10 rotation types, ones with daily cycles with a small range of tasks and weekly cycles with a wide range of tasks displayed the most promising results for productivity, work satisfaction, and accident prevention. This study implies that the preferred types of rotation do not necessarily lead to higher productivity, safety, and satisfaction. The results of this study are expected to serve as a basic guideline for job design.
How Do Irrigation and Drainage Play an Important Role in Climate Change Adaptation?†
Authors: Watanabe Tsugihiro 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe 22nd International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage with the main theme 'Securing Water for Food and Rural Community under Climate Change' was held in September 2014 in Gwangju, Korea. Under this theme, Congress Question 58 'How do Irrigation and Drainage Play an Important Role in Climate Change Adaptation?' was raised. This paper summarizes the discussions and results of 48 papers and 27 posters accepted under this question.This overview confirms the role of irrigation and drainage management as intervention to mitigate the impacts of climate change, and consequent extreme climate events have to be factored into all decision‐making processes. It also highlights that particular attention should be paid to the uncertainty in climate change assessment and that the assessment is expected to be more dependable with the development of better analysis methods and a greater availability of reliable climate data and future scenarios.At this stage, it is very hard to do an integrated impact assessment, which covers the whole agricultural and hydrological process, including all scales and aspects such as on‐farm to basin, crop growth to farming system, production to environment, etc. Therefore, each sub‐process is to be evaluated and accumulation of its outcomes and cases promoted. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Benefits of the South san Joaquin Irrigation district's Pilot Pressure Irrigation Project
Authors: Shaw Jeff , Kotey Todd 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe South San Joaquin Irrigation District (SSJID) board commissioned Stantec Consulting as a partner in developing an irrigation program that could improve delivery efficiency and service. A portion of one of the District's nine divisions ‐ 1,537 ha in Division 9 ‐ was chosen as the site for building, testing, and optimizing a pilot pressure irrigation project. The vision for the system included the following fundamental capabilities: pressurization. Pumping water from a 69,075 m3 pond to individual farms through 14.5 km of pressurized pipeline; calculated use. Letting farmers choose the time, volume, and flow rate of deliveries; automated/mobile access. Developing a web‐based tool that allows farmers to schedule deliveries from a computer, smart phone, or iPad based on current and past weather forecasts, previous water usage and historical evapotranspiration rates, and orchard moisture sensors.This paper will focus on the realized benefits for the SSJID and the Division 9 farmers including but not limited to: improved service to crops, volumetric billing compliance, improved irrigation flexibility (duration, frequency, flow rate), water conservation, reduction in farmer energy costs, reduced groundwater pumping, improved air quality, improved yields, reduction in labor inputs, automatic delivery information for billing, increased pumping efficiency, increased District enrollment, protection of water rights, improved flood delivery service and efficiency, intelligent irrigation scheduling, and improved management of flows through a regulating reservoir. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protein vaccination with HPV16 E7/Pep‐1 nanoparticles elicits a protective T‐helper cell‐mediated immune response
Authors: Mardani Golnaz , Bolhassani Azam , Agi Elnaz , Shahbazi Sepideh , Mehdi Sadat Seyed 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTwo human papillomavirus (HPV) viral oncoproteins, E6 and E7 represent ideal targets for development of a therapeutic HPV vaccine. It is important to reduce the rate of HPV‐associated malignancies through improvement of vaccine modalities. In this study, we used a short amphipathic peptide carrier, Pep‐1, for delivery of the full‐length HPV16 E7 protein into mammalian cells and evaluated immune responses and protective effects of different formulations in C57BL/6 tumor mice model. Our results showed that the complexes of E7/Pep‐1 protein form stable nanoparticles through noncovalent binding with an average size of 120 to 250 nm. The efficient delivery of E7 protein by Pep‐1 at molar ratio of 1:20 was detected in HEK‐293T cell line for 1 h and 3 h post‐transfection. Immunization with E7/Pep‐1 nanoparticles at a ratio of 1:20 induced a higher Th1 cellular immune response with the predominant IgG2a and IFN‐γ levels than those induced by E7 protein in a murine tumor model. These data suggest that Pep‐1 peptide would indicate promising applications for improvement of HPV therapeutic vaccines. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(6):459–467, 2016
Exposure‐Response Analysis of Sonidegib (LDE225), an Oral Inhibitor of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway, for Effectiveness and Safety in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Zhou Jocelyn , Quinlan Michelle , Hurh Eunju , Sellami Dalila 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSonidegib selectively inhibits smoothened protein, suppresses the growth of Hedgehog pathway‐dependent tumors, and has recently been approved in the indication of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma. A comprehensive exposure‐response analysis was conducted to further characterize the relationship of sonidegib exposure to efficacy and safety. Minimum observed plasma concentration at predose (Cmin), peak concentration (Cmax), and area under the curve were used as exposure endpoints. Exposure‐efficacy analyses included data from 190 patients who received sonidegib 200 mg or 800 mg once daily in the primary efficacy study. Objective response rate (ORR) (complete response [CR] or partial response [PR]), progression‐free survival (PFS), and time to tumor response (TTR) were assessed by logistic regression, Cox regression, and Kaplan‐Meier analyses. Exposure‐safety (creatine phosphokinase [CK] elevation) analyses included data from 336 patients pooled from 4 clinical trials and included doses across ranges of 100 to 3000 mg once daily and 250 to 750 mg twice daily. Similar plasma exposure was observed between responders and nonresponders. The logistic regression model of week 5 Cmin vs ORR indicated no relationship between sonidegib exposure resulting from 200 mg or 800 mg doses and the probability of CR or PR. A similar conclusion of no exposure‐efficacy relationship was drawn from the PFS and TTR analyses. Increased exposure was associated with a greater risk of grade 3 or 4 CK elevation, with lower risk in females than in males when Cmin was used in the model. These analyses support the sonidegib dose recommendation for registration and are consistent with clinical observations.