bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary Dysmenorrhea Treated with Indomethacin
Authors: Ladipo O. A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTDysmenorrhea, with associated anxiety and incapacitation, is a common gynecologic complaint. Of 60 patients given indomethacin for moderate to severe dysmenorrhea, 80% had significant relief of their symptoms and 10% discontinued therapy because of side effects from the medication.
Investigation of Amenorrhea with a Simplified Clomiphene Test
Authors: Ylöstalo Pekka , Rönnberg Lars , Manner Pertti , Järvinen Pentti A. , Jänne Olli 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTTo simplify the clinical evaluation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian function, a 5‐day treatment regimen of 100 mg clomiphene administered daily was tested on a group of 30 amenorrheic women (4 with primary amenorrhea and 26 with secondary amenorrhea). Vaginal smears and serum follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, estradiol‐17β and progesterone levels were obtained prior to treatment and 5 and 12 days after treatment ended. According to her response to clomiphene, each patient was assigned to one of the four response categories established by Kjeld et al. (6). Based on clinical findings and changes in serum hormone levels, the patients' responses to clomiphene were categorized as “normal” (the patient ovulated), “partial” (the patient experienced menstrual bleeding without ovulation), “minimal” (rise in estradiol without menses), and “nil”. Of the parameters studied, the patient's serum estradiol level was the most sensitive index of her response to clomiphene.
The Potential Reduction of Medical Complications from Induced Abortion
Authors: Smith Roy G. , Palmore James A. , Steinhoff Patricia G. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTReducing medical complications resulting from induced abortion by identifying the safest and most appropriate procedure(s) for each gestational age is the purpose of this study. Data on all women who had induced abortions at all hospitals in the State of Hawaii where such procedures were performed between March 11, 1970, when the new abortion law went into effect, and June 30, 1974 were analyzed. Study findings show that if the abortion procedure with the least risk of complications at each length of gestation were selected a reduction in the complication rate of nearly 30% could result.
A Comparison of Metal and Plastic Cannulae for Vacuum Aspiration
Authors: Narvekar M. R. , Pachauri Saroj , Mhatre Veena , Mandlekar Ajita , Ananthakrishna R. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA comparative study of the safety and effectiveness of metal (Purandare) versus plastic (Karman) cannulae for first trimester abortion was conducted on 400 women. Two hundred vacuum aspiration procedures were performed using each type of cannula. All aspirations were performed by a single physician, and patient follow‐up was performed by a second physician. The complication rates, amount of retained tissue, rates of cannula obstruction and procedure times of the two cannulae were compared. Our findings showed no significant difference in any of these evaluation criteria for the metal and plastic cannulae.
Second Trimester Abortion with 5% Intraamniotic Saline—A Pilot Study
Authors: Ghosh Ajay K. , Basu S. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe risk of hypernatremia and related postabortion complications resulting from the intraamniotic administration of a 20–25% hypertonic saline solution, a widely used procedure all over the world, prompted this trial of 5% saline. Midtrimester abortion was induced in 150 women with a 5% saline solution administered intraamniotically at the National Medical College, Calcutta, India, from August 1974 to October 1975. The abortion was complete within 48 hours in 90% of the cases. All the fetuses were delivered dead. In one case, hysterotomy was performed because of severe bleeding. The immediate complication rate was 36% (12% serious). The follow‐up complication rate was 2%. One patient died on the seventh postabortal day due to severe, uncontrolled septicemia. The authors conclude that because this procedure is simple and low cost and because it reduces the risk of hypernatremia it should be a welcome addition to service programs in developing countries.
Reducing the Morbidity of Vacuum Aspiration Abortion
Authors: Burnhill Michael S. , Armstead John W. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper reports an analysis of the measures taken at Preterm, Inc, of Washington, DC, to reduce the incidence of complications of first trimester outpatient abortions. Data are presented on the 291 complications (40.0/1000) resulting from 7272 procedures performed during 1976. Forty‐one women were hospitalized (5.6/1000). It has been our experience that routine use of ultrasonography when gestational age is unclear, careful examination of tissue especially when a small quantity is present and early use of reevacuation to diagnose and treat postabortal complications are essential in reducing the incidence and severity of abortion complications.
Assessment of Uteroplacental Hemodynamics in Complicated Pregnancy
Authors: Lippert T. H. , Cloeren S. E. , Fridrich R. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTExamination of the uteroplacental hemodynamics was performed on 109 occasions in women admitted to the hospital in the third trimester because of various complications of pregnancy. The radioactive tracer 113mIn was injected intravenously and the build‐up and equilibrium times were measured over the placenta, myometrium and heart. The placental build‐up times were most informative, with prolonged values being recorded in about one quarter of these cases. When those extending beyond three minutes were further studied, they were usually found to be associated with severe complications of pregnancy. This did not obtain in cases with shorter placental build‐up times.
Betamethasone and the Hormonal Status of the Pregnant Diabetic Woman
Authors: Kappy Kenneth A. , Mittendorf Robert L. , Cetrulo Curtis L. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA case is presented illustrating the complicating effects of antepartum steroids on a pregnant diabetic woman. The possible rapid deterioration of the diabetic state and the temporary suppression of estriol production are discussed.
Vulvar Carcinoma in Premenopausal Jamaican Women
Authors: Sengupta Bijoy Sree 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTBetween the years 1958 and 1973, 119 patients with primary invasive cancer of the vulva were treated at the University Hospital of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica. Seventy‐seven (64.7%) were premenopausal women. Because the pattern of the disease differed from that in late middle and older aged Jamaican women, the results of the disease are presented. The analysis stresses that vulvar carcinoma before menopause in our community is rare in the absence of various sexually transmitted granulomatous diseases of the vulva.This paper was presented at the 4th Scientific Meeting of the West Indies Section, District IV of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Grabham Society Meeting on Recent Advances in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kingston, Jamaica, May 17‐18, 1978.
Complete Abortion of Early Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Ohel G. , Katz M. , Blumenthal B. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAbortion of an early ectopic pregnancy is a rarely diagnosed event. Coincidental serial hormonal studies performed on a patient suffering from idiopathic secondary infertility enabled the authors to record plasma estradiol, progesterone and β‐human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations, which, combined with the physical findings, ultrasonography and laparoscopy, led to the diagnosis of a complete abortion of an early ectopic pregnancy. Apart from slight vaginal bleeding on day 44 of a prolonged cycle, the patient was asymptomatic throughout and the importance of plasma β‐human chorionic gonadotropin determination in such a situation is discussed.
Benign Angiomyoma of the Uterus with Unusual Macroscopic Appearance
Authors: Konichezky Myriam , Reif Renata , Bukovsky Ian 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTBenign mixed uterine tumors are very rare. We present a case of angiomyoma of the uterus with unusual gross appearance and diffuse polypoid growth on the uterine serosal surface. We could not find a macroscopic picture like this described in the literature.
Clinicopathologic and Histochemical Study of Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Nordback Isto , Lauslahti Kalevi 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThirteen case reports of mesonephroid clear cell carcinoma of the ovary were analyzed and nine of the tumors were studied histochemically. No disorders were found in the hormonal balance of patients. The tumors produced few symptoms, indicating late discovery and bad prognosis. Histopathologically, the tumors were subdivided into the following groups: glandular, papillary, mixed‐type and anaplastic. All of them contained glycogen and neutral mucins; acid mucins were found mainly in glandular tumors, which contained more sulfomucins than carboxymucins. Generally, the most active glandular tumors did not produce sialomucins. No clear correlations between prognosis and clinical pictures, morphology or constitution of cell excretions were found.
Histogenesis of the Broad Ligament Adrenal Rest
Authors: Adashi E. Y. , Rosenshein N. B. , Parmley T. H. , Woodruff J. D. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTBroad ligament adrenal rests are well known. A case of adrenal rest external to the surface of the broad ligament and adjacent to the fallopian tube is reviewed, with specific emphasis on its histogenesis. The rest is associated with a foreign body, and it is suggested that it has arisen as a secondary development of celomic epithelial metaplasia.
Dizziness Associated with Discontinuation of Oral Contraceptives in Bangladesh
Authors: Measham Anthony R. , Khan Atiqur Rahman , Huber Douglas H. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTData from four studies in Bangladesh indicate that dizziness is a frequent complaint of women taking oral contraceptives and the most commonly cited reason for discontinuation. Results of a fifth study showed that multiple vitamin or glucose capsules were effective in treating dizziness in about half of the women studied. Although the cause of dizziness is not clear, it may be partly due to the small stature and poor nutritional status of many Bangladeshi women.
Immunoglobulin Levels in Apparently Normal and Hypertensive Nigerian Mothers at Delivery
Authors: Ladipo O. A. , Williams A. I. O. , Salimonu L. S. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTImmunoglobulin (Ig) levels in 68 apparently normotensive and 29 hypertensive mothers were estimated at parturition. There was a significantly higher incidence of elevated IgG levels in the hypertensive group (p < 0.005) even though there were no differences in their mean concentrations. The mean IgA levels were not different in the two groups. IgM levels were higher in the hypertensive than in the normotensive mothers. The significance of these findings is discussed.
Extraovular Instillations of Normal Saline for Termination of Midtrimester Pregnancy
Authors: Rofé A. , Abramovici H. , David A. , Atad J. , Lewin A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTMidtrimester abortion by extraovular instillation of normal saline was performed in 50 patients. All 50 aborted following the procedure, and there were no complications except for one case of endometritis that was successfully treated by antibiotics. The mean abortion time was 33 hours, without added oxytocin, and 30 hours when pitocin was administered intravenously. The extraovular route eliminates the necessity for amniocentesis, with its associated risks. By using normal saline instead of pharmacologic agents such as urea, glucose, hypertonic saline, prostaglandins, we were able to eliminate the complications related to drug side effects.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva and Fanconi Anemia
Authors: Arnold W. J. , King Charles R. , Magrina Javier , Masterson Byron J. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTMalignant neoplasia frequently occurs with Fanconi anemia. Generally this represents hematologic disease; however, solid tumors may also appear. The woman described here developed squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva at age 28, and is the third such case in a patient with Fanconi anemia that has been reported. It is a diagnosis to be considered for the young patient with this type of carcinoma. Increased chromosomal breakage in this syndrome may be important in the pathogenesis of these neoplastic changes.
Phagocytosis and immune response studies of Macrophage‐Nanodiamond Interactions in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Huang K.‐J. , Lee C.‐Y. , Lin Y.‐C. , Lin C.‐Y. , Perevedentseva E. , Hung S.‐F. , Cheng C.‐L. 
Published: January 2017

The applications of nanodiamond as drug delivery and bio‐imaging can require the relinquishing ND‐drug conjugate via blood flow, where interaction with immune cells may occur. In this work, we investigated the ND penetration in macrophage and the immune response using the tissue‐resident murine macrophages (RAW 264.7). Confocal fluorescence imaging, immunofluorescence analysis of nuclear translocation of interferon regulatory factor IRF‐3 and transcriptional factor NF‐κΒ, analysis of pro‐inflammatory cytokines production IL‐1β, IL‐6 IL‐10 with a reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction technique were applied. The TNF‐α factor production has been studied both in vitro at ND interaction with the macrophage and in vivo after ND injection in the mice blood system using immunoassay. The macrophage antibacterial function was estimated through E. coli bacterial colony formation. ND didn't stimulate the immune response and functionality of the macrophage was not altered. Using MTT test, ND was found negligibly cytotoxic to macrophages. Thus, ND can serve as a biocompatible platform for bio‐medical applications.
Left: Graphic representation of Nanodiamond internalization in macrophage. Right: (a) Fluorescence images of lysosomes, (b) nanodiamond and (c) merged image of nanodiamond internalization in macrophage.magnified imageLeft: Graphic representation of Nanodiamond internalization in macrophage. Right: (a) Fluorescence images of lysosomes, (b) nanodiamond and (c) merged image of nanodiamond internalization in macrophage.
A facile ion imprinted synthesis of selective biosorbent for Cu2+ via microfluidic technology
Authors: Zhu Yong , Bai Zhishan , Luo Wenqiang , Wang Bingjie , Zhai Linlin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeavy metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems. Novel approaches are needed for removal of heavy metal from water. Copper, a familiar heavy metal, has attracted much attention for its remarkable toxic domino offect at elevated concentrations.RESULTSA novel ion imprinted approach combined with microfluidic technology was explored. Cu2+ was taken as ionic template and chitosan was used as carrier material. Chemical crosslinking was applied in the formation of imprinted sign. A selective biosorbent of ion‐imprinted microspheres (IIMS) with uniform size, regular shape and high performance for Cu2+ had been prepared. The SEM, FTIR, EDS, XPS were employed to detect their distinct features. IIMS showed much higher adsorption capacity (qm=81.97 mg g−1) than those non‐imprinted chitosan microspheres (CSMS). The adsorption isotherm fitted the Langmuir equation while thermodynamic adsorption results were considered strong proof of an adsorption exothermal process. IIMS exhibited excellent selectivity for Cu2+ when competitive metal ions and Cu2+ co‐existed together, which profited from the specific spaces of Cu2+ template left after crosslinking and desorption. Results confirmed that chemical adsorption was dominant and amino played an important role in adsorption process.CONCLUSIONIIMS showed high adsorption capacity and excellent selectivity for Cu2+. Combining microfluidic technology with an ion‐imprinted method proved to be a promising process for preparing selective materials. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
H‐B‐E (hexanol‐butanol‐ethanol) fermentation for the production of higher alcohols from syngas/waste gas
Authors: Fernández‐Naveira Ánxela , Veiga María C , Kennes Christian 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCO, H2, and CO2 are major components of syngas and some industrial CO‐rich waste gases (e.g. waste gases from steel industries), besides some additional minor compounds. It was recently shown that those gases can be bioconverted, by acetogenic/solventogenic bacteria, into ethanol and higher alcohols such as butanol, but also hexanol, through the so‐called HBE fermentation. That process presents some advantages over existing chemical conversion processes. This paper reviews HBE fermentation from C1‐gases after briefly describing the more conventional ABE (acetone‐butanol‐ethanol) fermentation from carbohydrates by Clostridium acetobutylicum, in order to allow for comparison of both processes. Although acetone may appear in carbohydrate fermentation, alcohols are the only major end‐metabolites in the HBE process with Clostridium carboxidivorans. The few acetogenic bacteria known to metabolize C1‐gases and produce butanol or higher alcohols are described. Clostridium carboxidivorans has been used in most cases. Bioconversion of the gaseous substrates takes place in two stages, namely acidogenesis (production of acids) followed by solventogenesis (production of alcohols), characterized by different optimal fermentation conditions. Major parameters affecting each bioconversion stage as well as the overall fermentation process are analyzed. Although it has been claimed that acidification is required in ABE fermentation to initiate the solventogenic stage, strong acidification seems to some extent not to be a prerequisite for solventogenesis in the HBE process. Bioreactors potentially suitable for this type of bioconversion process are described as well. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation and characterization of graphite oxide nano‐reinforced biocomposites from chicken feather keratin
Authors: Esparza Yussef , Ullah Aman , Wu Jianping 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDNatural polymers have gained increased attention in reducing the dependence on petroleum‐based materials. Chicken feather proteins are an abundant industrial by‐product suitable for the fabrication of sustainable thermoplastics. However, protein‐based plastics generally exhibit poor physical and thermal properties which limit their application.In this research, the fabrication of feather keratin based nano‐reinforced biocomposites by the addition of graphite oxide (GO) in a reactive extrusion system were investigated. The effects of GO carbon/oxygen ratio (C/O, 2.48, 2.07, and 1.55) and concentration (0.5–2%) of the selected GO on the conformational, physical and thermal properties of thermoplastic films were investigated.RESULTSChicken feather–GO nanocomposites were successfully prepared at 150 °C in the reactive extrusion system. Tensile strength and Young modulus of chicken feather plastic films were significantly increased without affecting their elongation using low GO concentrations (0.5 to 1.5% w/w of protein). Our results suggest that higher content of hydroxyl groups and increased graphene interlayer space in GO facilitated interactions with feather keratin and plasticizers.CONCLUSIONSGraphite oxide proved to be an inexpensive alternative to graphene for the reinforcement of protein based composites. Extrusion provided a cost‐effective and environment‐friendly method for the processing of sustainable composites. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Assessment of acute thermal damage volumes in muscle using magnetization‐prepared 3D T2‐weighted imaging following MRI‐guided high‐intensity focused ultrasound therapy
Authors: Staruch Robert M. , Nofiele Joris , Walker Jamie , Bing Chenchen , Madhuranthakam Ananth J. , Bailey April , Kim Young‐Sun , Chhabra Avneesh , Burns Dennis , Chopra Rajiv 
Published: January 2017

PurposeTo evaluate magnetization‐prepared 3D T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements of acute tissue changes produced during ablative MR high‐intensity focused ultrasound (MR‐HIFU) exposures.Materials and MethodsA clinical MR‐HIFU system (3T) was used to generate thermal lesions (n = 24) in the skeletal muscles of three pigs. T1‐weighted, 2D T2‐weighted, and magnetization‐prepared 3D T2‐weighted sequences were acquired before and after therapy to evaluate tissue changes following ablation. Tissues were harvested shortly after imaging, fixed in formalin, and gross‐sectioned. Select lesions were processed into whole‐mount sections. Lesion dimensions for each imaging sequence (length, width) and for gross sections (diameter of lesion core and rim) were assessed by three physicists. Contrast‐to‐background ratio between lesions and surrounding muscle was compared.ResultsLesion dimensions on T1 and 2D T2‐weighted imaging sequences were well correlated (R2 ∼0.7). The contrast‐to‐background ratio between lesion and surrounding muscle was 7.4 ± 2.4 for the magnetization‐prepared sequence versus 1.7 ± 0.5 for a conventional 2D T2‐weighted acquisition, and 7.0 ± 2.9 for a contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted sequence. Compared with diameter measured on gross pathology, all imaging sequences overestimated the lesion core by 22–33%, and underestimated the lesion rim by 6–13%.ConclusionAfter MR‐HIFU exposures, measurements of the acute thermal damage patterns in muscle using a magnetization‐prepared 3D T2‐weighted imaging sequence correlate with 2D T2‐weighted and contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted imaging, and all agree well with histology. The magnetization‐prepared sequence offers positive tissue contrast and does not require IV contrast agents, and may provide a noninvasive imaging evaluation of the region of acute thermal injury at multiple times during HIFU procedures.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:354–364
Venous thromboembolism in pediatric trauma patients: Ten‐year experience and long‐term follow‐up in a tertiary care center
Authors: Leeper Christine M. , Vissa Madhav , Cooper James D. , Malec Lynn M. , Gaines Barbara A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundPediatric trauma patients are at high risk for development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Our objective is to describe incidence, risk factors, and timing of development of VTE, anticoagulation complications, and long‐term VTE outcomes in a critically injured pediatric population.ProcedureWe did a retrospective review of pediatric (0–17 years) trauma admissions to intensive care unit from 2005 to 2014. Our center employs VTE screening and prevention protocols for high‐risk patients based on hypercoagulable history, age, injuries, and medical interventions. We collected demographics, VTE prevention measures, VTE incidence, therapeutic anticoagulant use, and outcomes including postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) and clot resolution. Analysis included Wilcoxon rank–sum, Fisher exact, and logistic regression modeling.ResultsSeven hundred fifty‐three subjects were analyzed. No patients on chemical prophylaxis (21/753) developed VTE. Overall incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was 8.9%; pulmonary embolism (PE) was 0%. Time to diagnosis was median (interquartile range [IQR]) 10.5 (6.5–14.5) days, with 63% of clots being symptomatic. Risk factors for VTE development included severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), acute traumatic coagulopathy (defined by elevated admission international normalized ratio), age less than or equal to 3 or age 13 years or more, injury severity, and child abuse mechanism. At a median (IQR) follow‐up of 13 (6–19) months, 52.1% had persistent clot and 15.8% had PTS. Therapeutic anticoagulation was not associated with clot resolution or prevention of PTS.ConclusionTBI therapy is closely linked to the development of DVT. Coagulopathy on admission is associated with hypercoagulability in the postinjury period, suggesting a patient phenotype with systemic coagulation dysregulation. Treatment was not associated with improved VTE outcomes, suggesting that pediatric protocols should emphasize VTE prevention and prophylaxis strategies.