bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in white matter structure and cortical thickness between patients with traumatic and idiopathic chronic neck pain: Associations with cognition and pain modulation?
Authors: Coppieters I. , De Pauw R. , Caeyenberghs K. , Lenoir D. , DeBlaere K. , Genbrugge E. , Meeus M. , Cagnie B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBrain alterations are hypothesized to be present in patients with chronic whiplash‐associated disorders (CWAD). The aim of this case–control study was to examine alterations in cortical thickness and white matter (WM) structure, and the presence of brain microhemorrhages in a patient group encountering chronic neck pain of traumatic origin (i.e., CWAD) when compared with a patient group characterized by nontraumatic chronic neck pain [i.e., chronic idiopathic neck pain (CINP)], and healthy controls. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate associations between brain structure on one hand and cognitive performance and central sensitization (CS) on the other hand. T1‐weighted, diffusion‐weighted and T2*‐weighted magnetic resonance images of the brain were acquired in 105 women (31 controls, 37 CINP, 37 CWAD) to investigate regional cortical thickness, WM structure, and microhemorrhages, respectively. Next, cognitive performance, and CS encompassing distant hyperalgesia and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) efficacy were examined. Cortical thinning in the left precuneus was revealed in CWAD compared with CINP patients. Also, decreased fractional anisotropy, together with increased values of mean diffusivity and radial diffusivity could be observed in the left cingulum hippocampus and tapetum in CWAD compared with CINP, and in the left tapetum in CWAD patients compared with controls. Moreover, the extent of WM structural deficits in the left tapetum coincided with decreased CPM efficacy in the CWAD group. This yields evidence for associations between decreased endogenous pain inhibition, and the degree of regional WM deficits in CWAD. Our results emphasize the role of structural brain alterations in women with CWAD compared with CINP.
Linked data systems for injury surveillance and targeted prevention planning: Identifying geographical differences in injury in Western Australia, 2009‐2012
Authors: Lyle Greg , Hendrie Delia , Miller Ted R. , Randall Sean , Davison Erica 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIssue addressedInjuries are a leading preventable cause of disease burden in Australia. Understanding how injuries vary by geographical location is important to guide health promotion planning. Therefore, the geographical and temporal distribution of injury across Western Australia from 2009 to 2012 is explored.MethodsThree Western Australian health datasets were linked and the expected number of injury cases per postcode calculated. A Standardised Injury Ratio was calculated by comparing the observed and expected number of injury cases. Priority areas and associated injury mechanisms were identified by postcode based on injury rates and temporal trends.ResultsInjury levels varied across health region, health district and postcode. All nonmetropolitan regions had at least one health district classified as High or Medium‐High priority. In contrast, neither metropolitan health region had health districts in these categories. Adopting the finer postcode level of analysis showed localised injury priority areas, even within health districts not classified as High or Medium‐High injury areas. Postcodes classified as High or Medium‐High injury priority were located alongside those with lower priority categories.ConclusionInjury prevention priority areas had consistent trends both geographically and over time. Finer scale analysis can provide public health policy makers with more robust information to plan, evaluate and support a range of injury prevention programs.So what?The use of linked data systems and spatial analysis can assist health promotion decision‐makers and practitioners by demonstrating area‐based differences in injury prevention allowing effective targeting of limited resources to populations at the highest risk of injury.
Sporting opportunities for people with physical disabilities: Mixed methods study of web‐based searches and sport provider interviews
Authors: Comella Assia , Hassett Leanne , Hunter Kate , Cole Jenni , Sherrington Cathie 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIssue addressedTo assess web‐based information about sport opportunities for people with physical disabilities and to explore barriers and potential solutions to offering such opportunities from the perspective of sporting organisations.MethodsA mixed method study was conducted in 2 stages focusing on 26 high‐participation sports. Stage One involved conducting web‐based searches of sporting organisations at national (Australia), state (NSW) and local club levels and auditing the websites to identify the mention of sport opportunities for people with disabilities. Stage Two involved conducting semi‐structured phone interviews with 25 sport providers identified from Stage One to discuss barriers and potential solutions to providing these opportunities. Data from interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed.ResultsAcross 26 sports, 138 organisations (43 national, 33 states, 62 local clubs) were identified. Information about sport opportunities for people with disabilities decreased from national (86% of websites mentioned such opportunities) to state (76%) to club (37%) level. Barriers identified included funding, awareness, lack of coordination between organisations and people's attitudes. Potential solutions included fostering working partnerships and increasing understanding.ConclusionGreater awareness within sporting organisations of the role of sport for people with disabilities is needed. Finding information on what disability sport opportunities are available particularly at a local participation level is currently challenging.So what?Organisations need to work in partnership within and between sports and with other sectors to provide accessible information and appropriate opportunities. This should be supported by government policy and funding and informed by the needs of people with disabilities.
Twenty years of capacity building and partnership: A case study of a health promotion scholarship program
Authors: Crawford Gemma , Hallett Jonathan , Barnes Asha , Cavill Jamie‐Lee , Clarkson Jo , Shilton Trevor Robert 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIssue addressedBuilding health promotion workforce capacity and infrastructure is critical to ensure a strong evidence base for effective interventions, sustainability and ultimately positive health outcomes for the community. Accordingly, there is a need to build workforce capacity by providing pathways into the health promotion sector with opportunities for core health promotion competency development. Currently, there is a lack of transition programs and graduate‐specific positions in health promotion.MethodsThis study presents a descriptive case study of a 20‐year health promotion scholarships program administered by the Australian Health Promotion Association (WA Branch) and Healthway for health promotion graduates and Aboriginal health workers. Scholarship recipients and supervisors reported on demographics, projects and perspectives on the value of participating in the program.ResultsMore than 2 million dollars has been invested to provide health promotion career pathways in WA via 100 scholarships. Key themes relating to program value included as follows: practical application of theoretical concepts; reciprocity; and building skills and capacity in both recipients and supervisors.ConclusionsThe scholarships program results in a number of benefits to the recipient, host organisation and the overall health promotion sector and is an example of long‐term investment to build health promotion capacity with potential for replication.So what?Investment in competency‐driven health promotion scholarships to create dedicated health promotion career pathways for new practitioners contributes to the capacity of an effective health promotion workforce.
A facility‐based study of factors associated with perinatal mortality in Tigray, northern Ethiopia
Authors: Goba Gelila K. , Tsegay Hailesilassie , Gebregergs Gebremedhin B. , Mitiku Mengistu , Kim Kimberly A. , Alemayehu Mussie 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo identify perinatal mortality risk factors in the Southern Zone of Tigray, northern Ethiopia.MethodsThe present unmatched case–control study included data from 20 health facilities; stillbirths and neonatal deaths were included as a case group and patients with neonates who survived until discharge or day 7 postpartum were included as a control group. Perinatal mortality risk factors were investigated using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.ResultsThere were 126 and 252 patients included in the case and control groups, respectively. Prematurity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 12.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.46–43.17; P<0.001), delivery weight below 2500 g (AOR 11.5, 95% CI 3.16–42.36; P<0.001), and fewer prenatal visits (AOR 5.4; 95% CI 0.80–36.63; P=0.028) were determinants of perinatal mortality. Partograph use (AOR 0.2; 95% CI 0.08–0.48; P<0.001) and seeking labor care at the start of labor (AOR 0.1; 95% CI 0.01–0.96; P=0.010) were protective. Short childbirth interval (<2 years) (AOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.03–5.09; P=0.013), distance to facility (AOR 3.7; 95% CI 1.56–9.02; P=0.007), and lack of iron supplementation (AOR 3.3; 95% CI 1.16–9.76; P=0.021) were also predictors of perinatal mortality.ConclusionPerinatal mortality was linked to prematurity and low delivery weight. Interventions including partograph and auscultation, as well as subsidizing transport and iron supplementation, could help in this region.
Increased risk of congestive heart failure in patients with acetaminophen poisoning: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Chung Wei‐Sheng , Lin Cheng‐Li 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAcetaminophen poisoning increases cytochrome P450 2E1 expression and reactive oxygen species production, which may lead to maladaptive myocardial remodeling and congestive heart failure (CHF). We conducted a nationwide cohort study to investigate the incidence and risk of CHF in patients with acetaminophen poisoning. We identified a cohort of adult patients with newly diagnosed acetaminophen poisoning in the inpatient claims of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database for the 1998–2011 period. A comparison cohort was frequency matched at a 4:1 ratio for sex, age and index year. All patients were followed up until the occurrence of CHF, withdrawal from the National Health Insurance program, or December 31, 2011. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate the risk of CHF in the acetaminophen poisoning cohort compared with the comparison cohort, and the hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals are presented. A total of 3546 and 14 184 patients with and without acetaminophen poisoning were followed up for a total of 25 856 and 102 119 person‐years, respectively. The overall incidence of CHF was higher in the acetaminophen poisoning cohort than in the comparison cohort (8.12 vs. 5.19 per 10 000 person‐years). After adjustment for covariates, the acetaminophen poisoning cohort exhibited a 1.59‐fold higher risk of CHF (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.59; 95% confidence interval = 1.43–1.75) than did the comparison cohort. Patients with acetaminophen poisoning exhibited a significantly higher risk of CHF compared with the comparison cohort. Clinicians should follow up heart function in patients with acetaminophen poisoning.
Effect of bone sialoprotein coated three‐dimensional printed calcium phosphate scaffolds on primary human osteoblasts
Authors: Klein Anja , Baranowski Andreas , Ritz Ulrike , Götz Hermann , Heinemann Sascha , Mattyasovszky Stefan , Rommens Pol M. , Hofmann Alexander 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe combination of the two techniques of rapid prototyping 3D‐plotting and bioactive surface functionalization is presented, with emphasis on thein vitroeffect of Bone Sialoprotein (BSP) on primary human osteoblasts (hOBs). Our primary objective was to demonstrate the BSP influence on the expression of distinctive osteoblast markers in hOBs. Secondary objectives included examinations of the scaffolds' surface and the stability of BSP‐coating as well as investigations of cell viability and proliferation. 3D‐plotted calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds were coated with BSP via physisorption. hOBs were seeded on the coated scaffolds, followed by cell viability measurements, gene expression analysis and visualization. Physisorption is an effective method for BSP‐coating. Coating with higher BSP concentrations leads to enhanced BSP release. Two BSP concentrations (50 and 200 μg/mL) were examined in this study. The lower BSP concentration (50 µg/mL) decreased ALP and SPARC expression, whereas the higher BSP concentration (200 μg/mL) did not change gene marker expression. Enhanced cell viability was observed on BSP‐coated scaffolds on day 3. hOBs developed a polygonal shape and connected in an intercellular network under BSP influence. Quantitative cell morphology analyses demonstrated for BSP‐coated CPCs an enhanced cell area and reduced circularity. The strength of the above‐mentioned effects of BSP‐coated scaffoldsin vivois unknown, and future work is focusing on bone ingrowth and vascularizationin vivo. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2565–2575, 2018.
Treatment-Related Changes in Bone Turnover and Fracture Risk Reduction in Clinical Trials of Anti-Resorptive Drugs: A Meta-Regression
Authors: Bauer Douglas C , Black Dennis M , Bouxsein Mary L , Lui Li-Yung , Cauley Jane A , de Papp Anne E , Grauer Andreas , Khosla Sundeep , McCulloch Charles E , Eastell Richard ,   for the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Bone Quality Project
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Few pooled analyses of antiresorptive (AR) treatment trials relate short-term changes in bone turnover markers (BTMs) to subsequent fracture reduction. Such information would be useful to assess new ARs or novel dosing regimens. In the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) Bone Quality project, we analyzed individual-level data from 28,000 participants enrolled in 11 bisphosphonate (BP) and three selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) placebo-controlled fracture endpoint trials. Using BTM results for two bone formation markers (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase [bone ALP] and pro-collagen I N-propeptide [PINP]) and two bone resorption markers (N-terminal and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen) and incident fracture outcome data, we performed a meta-regression relating the mean net effect of treatment on change in bone turnover (active minus placebo % difference after 3 to 12 months) to the log of study-wide fracture risk reduction, and used linear regression to plot the best fitting line. Separate analyses were performed for incident morphometric vertebral, nonvertebral, and hip fractures over 1 to 4 years of follow-up. Change in bone ALP and PINP were available for over 16,000 and 10,000 participants, respectively. For vertebral fracture, the results showed a strong relationship between treatment-related bone ALP or PINP changes and vertebral fracture risk reduction (r2 = 0.82 [p &lt; 0.001] and r2 = 0.75 [p = 0.011], respectively) Relationships were weaker and no longer statistically significant for nonvertebral (r2 = 0.33 [p = 0.053] and r2 = 0.53 [p = 0.065], respectively) and hip fracture (r2 = 0.17 [p = 0.24] and r2 = 0.43 [p = 0.11], respectively) outcomes. Analyses limited to BP trials gave similar results. For all fracture types, relationships were weaker and nonsignificant for bone resorption markers. We conclude that short-term AR treatment-related changes in bone ALP and PINP strongly predict vertebral fracture treatment efficacy, but not nonvertebral or hip fracture treatment efficacy. Change in bone formation markers might be useful to predict the anti-vertebral fracture efficacy of new AR compounds or novel dosing regiments with approved AR drugs. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Church and family support networks and depressive symptoms among African Americans: Findings from The National Survey of American Life
Authors: Chatters Linda M. , Nguyen Ann W. , Taylor Robert Joseph , Hope Meredith O. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAims:We examined the associations between informal social support from church members and social support from extended family members and depressive symptoms within a national probability sample of African American adults ranging in age from 18 to 93.Methods:This analysis used data from the National Survey of American Life and accounted for religious service attendance and various demographic variables that have known associations with and are consequential for mental health.Results:Frequency of contact with church and family members and emotional support from family were inversely associated with depressive symptoms, and negative church and family interactions were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Emotional support from church members, however, was unrelated to depressive symptoms.Conclusion:This study underscores the important contributions of church relationships to depressive symptoms among African Americans across the adult life span, and confirms that these associations are independent of family relationship factors and religious service attendance.
No Increased Risk of Fracture in Patients Receiving Antimuscarinics for Overactive Bladder Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kao Li‐Ting , Huang Chao‐Yuan , Lin Herng‐Ching , Chu Chi‐Ming 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTo date, the actual relationship between antimuscarinics for overactive bladder (OAB) syndrome and the subsequent risk of a fracture remains unclear. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to demonstrate the association between antimuscarinics for OAB and fractures using a large population‐based data set. Data used in this study were taken from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. We identified 2927 OAB patients who received antimuscarinics as the study cohort and 11 708 matched OAB patients who did not receive antimuscarinics as the comparison cohort. Each individual was tracked for a 3‐year period to define those who received a diagnosis of a fracture. Stratified Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted to estimate the association between antimuscarinics for OAB and a subsequent fracture. Results revealed that the incidence rate of fracture per 100 person‐years within the 3‐year follow‐up period were 3.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.65–3.40) for OAB patients who received antimuscarinics and 2.77 (95%CI, 2.60–2.95) for those OAB patients who did not receive antimuscarinics. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for a subsequent fracture for OAB patients who received antimuscarinics was 1.11 (95%CI, 0.97–1.28) compared with those OAB patients who did not receive antimuscarinics. Consequently, we concluded that antimuscarinics for OAB was not significantly predictive of fracture.
Temporal and spatial expression of insulin‐like peptide (insl5a and insl5b) paralog genes during the embryogenesis of Danio rerio
Authors: Venditti Massimo , Donizetti Aldo , Fiengo Marcella , Fasano Chiara , Santillo Alessandra , Aniello Francesco , Minucci Sergio 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRelaxin (RLN) and insulin (INSL)‐like peptides are member of the INSL/RLN superfamily, which are encoded by seven genes in humans and can activate the G‐protein coupled receptor RXFP 1–4. These peptides evolved from a common ancestor, RLN3‐like gene. Two rounds of whole genome duplication (WGD) in early vertebrate evolution, together with an additional WGD in the teleost lineage, caused an expansion of RLN genes set in the genome of Danio rerio. In particular, six RLN genes are present: a single copy of rln and insl3 genes, and two paralogs for the rln3 gene (rln3a and rln3b), and the insl5 gene (insl5a and insl5b). We have already reported the presence of rln3a and rln3b genes in the developing zebrafish brain, as well as the expression of rln gene in the developing zebrafish brain and extraneural territories, such as thyroid gland and pancreas. Here, we report for the first time the expression of the two parologs genes for insl5, insl5a, and insl5b in D. rerio embryonic development. The corresponding transcripts of both the paralogs are present in all embryonic stages analyzed by RT‐qPCR. In situ hybridization analyses showed a restricted signal in intestinal cells and the pancreatic region at 72 hpf for insl5a, while at 96 hpf both genes are expressed in specific intestinal cells. Furthermore, in adult zebrafish intestine tissue, in situ hybridation experiments showed that insl5a transcript is specifically localized in the goblet cells, while insl5b transcript is in enteroendocrine cells. These data revealed a high degree of gene expression pattern conservation for such genes in vertebrate evolution.
Detecting deception through small talk and comparable truth baselines
Authors: Palena Nicola , Caso Letizia , Vrij Aldert , Orthey Robin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe present experiment investigates similarities in participants' nonverbal and verbal behaviours when responding to baseline and investigative questions, comparing two different types of baselines. Police literature suggests to obtain a baseline through small talk, whereas academic literature underlines the importance of baseline and investigative themes to be comparable. First, a baseline was obtained (either small talk or comparable), then the investigative questioning started. During the investigative questioning, participants either truthfully reported a set of actions they had actually performed or lied about them. Findings revealed that truth tellers and liars in the small talk condition did not differ in their level of similarity when responding to the baseline and investigative questions. In the comparable truth condition, levels of verbal similarity between the baseline and investigative questions were higher for truth tellers than for liars, but only for one variable: spatial detail. Results therefore showed that a small talk baseline should not be used to assess interviewees' credibility, and that a comparable truth baseline, although better than a small talk baseline, is still problematic.
In Vitro Release of Lysozyme From Monocytes and Granulocytes
Authors: Haneberg Bjørn , Glette Johan , Talstad Ingebrigt , Sørnes Steinar , Solberg Claus Ola 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
When exposed to zymosan or latex particles or heat-inactivated staphylococci, freshly prepared human blood monocytes and granulocytes rapidly released a large fraction of their lysozyme content. Within 24 hours the total lysozyme activity in the monocyte suspensions tripled, while it doubled in the granulocyte suspensions, indicating synthesis of the enzyme following release. The monocytes in particular seemed to release and synthesize lysozyme without any other stimulus than contact with lymphocytes and the tube walls. Potassium caseinate in solution did not influence the lysozyme release. Myeloperoxidase and β-glucuronidase, which in the granulocytes are kept in lysosomal fractions separate from most of the lysozyme, were neither released nor synthesized to a significant degree. Moreover, the minute amount of lactate dehydrogenase released indicated that the lysozyme release was not the result of cell lysis. Accordingly, the monocytes, which are not already stimulated by adherence to nonphagocytosable surfaces, are capable of selective enzyme release similar to that of the granulocytes.