bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lesser prairie‐chicken population forecasts and extinction risks: An evaluation 5 years post–Catastrophic drought
Authors: Hagen Christian A. , Garton Edward O. , Beauprez Grant , Cooper Brett S. , Fricke Kent A. , Simpson Brad 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThe lesser prairie‐chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) is a species of conservation concern resulting from long‐term declines in abundance due in part to loss and fragmentation of habitat. Habitat loss can affect landscape carrying capacity, and may exacerbate otherwise normal fluctuations in populations during periods of drought, anomalous weather, or other stochastic events. Previous work provided a unified long‐term (1965–2012) assessment of lesser prairie‐chicken population dynamics and projections of persistence in the Southern Great Plains. Despite the final year of data collection coinciding with a record‐setting drought, lesser prairie‐chicken populations exhibited reasonable probabilities of persistence for 3 of the 4 ecoregions in which they occur. Our objective was to validate previous population forecasts with 4 years of additional data (post‐drought). We assessed long‐term (1964–2016) changes in lesser prairie‐chicken populations, using reconstructed population abundances from lek count and aerial survey data, and projected likely future probabilities of persistence. Based on our validations, model forecasts appear to provide a reasonable ability to project population abundance in the near term (∼5 yr). Population abundances have largely edged upward since the extreme drought conditions of 2011–2012. Additionally, near‐term extirpation risks have been reduced measurably for 3 of the 4 ecoregions and the range‐wide population as a result of increased annual growth rates. Meta‐population analysis indicated that each ecoregion had similar likelihoods of persistence as estimated independently for each single population, (i.e., without gene flow), but the longest term probability of extinction for the range‐wide meta‐population (i.e., with gene flow) was reduced by half as compared to the range‐wide population modeled with disconnected subpopulations (i.e., ecoregions). Regardless, our results continue to support the importance of maintaining connectivity between ecoregions and core areas therein. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Correction: Hyaluronsäuregele zur Druckregulierung in der Glaukomtherapie
Authors: Thaller M. , Böhm H. , Lingenfelder C. , Geiger F. 
Published: December 2017

Correction:
Ophthalmologe 2017

10.1007/s00347-017-0602-z

Sehr geehrter Leser,
sehr geehrte Leserin,
leider wurde der oben genannte Beitrag online zunächst mit fehlerhaftem deutschen Titel veröffentlicht. Wir bitten, den korrekten Titel Hyaluronsäuregele zur Druckregulierung in der Glaukomtherapie zu berücksichtigen und den Fehler zu entschuldigen.
Die Redaktion
What do students believe about effective classroom management? A mixed-methods investigation in Western Australian high schools
Authors: Egeberg Helen , McConney Andrew 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Students’ views about teaching, learning, and school experiences are important considerations in education. The purpose of this study was to examine students’ perceptions of teachers who create and maintain safe and supportive learning environments. To achieve this, a survey was conducted with 360 students to capture students’ views on their classroom experiences. Follow-up focus group discussions were used to further elaborate and clarify students’ perceptions. Despite varying school contexts, students provided consistent reports that effective classroom managers meet students’ needs by developing caring relationships and controlling the classroom environment while developing student responsibility and engaging students in their learning.
Measurements of Ice Shelf Water beneath the front of the Ross Ice Shelf using gliders
Authors: Nelson Monica J.S. , Queste Bastien Y. , Smith Inga J. , Leonard Gregory H. , Webber Benjamin G.M. , Hughes Kenneth G. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTMeasurements made by an underwater glider deployed near the Ross Ice Shelf were used to identify the presence of Ice Shelf Water (ISW), which is defined as seawater with its potential temperature lower than its surface freezing point temperature. Properties logged by the glider included in situ temperature, electrical conductivity, pressure, GPS location at surfacings and time. For most of the first 30 recorded dives of its deployment, evidence suggests the glider was prevented from surfacing due to being under the ice shelf. For dives under the ice shelf, farthest from the ice shelf front, ISW layers of varying thicknesses and depth locations were observed; between 2 m thick (centred at 231 m depth) to >93 m thick (centred at >360 m). For dives under the ice shelf, close to the ice shelf front, either no ISW was observed or ISW layers were centred at shallower depths (116–127 m). Thicker ISW layers (e.g. up to 250 m thickness centred at 421 m) were observed for some glider dives in open water in front of the Ross Ice Shelf. No in situ supercooling (water colder than the pressure-dependent freezing point temperature) was observed.
Walking droplets interacting with single and double slits
Authors: Pucci Giuseppe , Harris Daniel M. , Faria Luiz M. , Bush John W. M. 
Published: December 2017

Couder & Fort (Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 97, 2006, 154101) demonstrated that when a droplet walking on the surface of a vibrating bath passes through a single or a double slit, it is deflected due to the distortion of its guiding wave field. Moreover, they suggested the build-up of statistical diffraction and interference patterns similar to those arising for quantum particles. Recently, these results have been revisited (Andersen et al., Phys. Rev. E, vol. 92 (1), 2015, 013006; Batelaan et al., J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., vol. 701 (1), 2016, 012007) and contested (Andersen et al. 2015; Bohr, Andersen & Lautrup, Recent Advances in Fluid Dynamics with Environmental Applications, 2016, Springer, pp. 335–349). We revisit these experiments with a refined experimental set-up that allows us to systematically characterize the dependence of the dynamical and statistical behaviour on the system parameters. The system behaviour is shown to depend strongly on the amplitude of the vibrational forcing: as this forcing increases, a transition from repeatable to unpredictable trajectories arises. In all cases considered, the system behaviour is dominated by a wall effect, specifically the tendency for a drop to walk along a path that makes a fixed angle relative to the plane of the slits. While the three dominant central peaks apparent in the histograms of the deflection angle reported by Couder & Fort (2006) are evident in some of the parameter regimes considered in our study, the Fraunhofer-like dependence of the number of peaks on the slit width is not recovered. In the double-slit geometry, the droplet is influenced by both slits by virtue of the spatial extent of its guiding wave field. The experimental behaviour is well captured by a recently developed theoretical model that allows for a robust treatment of walking droplets interacting with boundaries. Our study underscores the importance of experimental precision in obtaining reproducible data.
An exploratory study on the issues and challenges clinicians encounter in the application of cognitive behavioural therapy with mentally disordered offender patients
Authors: Ferrito Martha , Moore Estelle 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is widely acknowledged as a treatment of choice for a range of psychological disorders, including those that affect criminal offenders and mentally disordered offenders. Meta-analyses of multiple studies provide evidence of CBT's efficacy and have led to its recommendation as a first line treatment for anti-social personality disorder (ASPD; NICE, 2009). However, there is comparatively little evidence about the effectiveness of CBT in relation to complex problems faced by offenders in prison and secure psychiatric services. The aim of this study was to examine how clinicians conceptualize and respond to complexity in the practice of CBT treatment with high-risk mentally disordered offenders. Using a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six practitioners. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The first main theme was ‘critical challenges and issues’ which included subthemes addressing patient characteristics, the therapeutic context, ethical challenges, and treatment challenges. The second main theme was ‘overcoming obstacles’ which included subthemes on promoting safety, an emphasis on non-specifics, how to create an enabling space and creative practice in the application of CBT. The study emphasizes the importance of creating an enabling safe space by being ‘responsive’ to the patients’ needs and also emphasizes the importance of working to establish a baseline for ‘safety’ in all alliances wherever possible.
Unscrambling light—automatically undoing strong mixing between modes
Authors: Annoni Andrea , Guglielmi Emanuele , Carminati Marco , Ferrari Giorgio , Sampietro Marco , Miller David AB , Melloni Andrea , Morichetti Francesco 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPropagation of light beams through scattering or multimode systems may lead to the randomization of the spatial coherence of the light. Although information is not lost, its recovery requires a coherent interferometric reconstruction of the original signals, which have been scrambled into the modes of the scattering system. Here we show that we can automatically unscramble optical beams that have been arbitrarily mixed in a multimode waveguide, undoing the scattering and mixing between the spatial modes through a mesh of silicon photonics tuneable beam splitters. Transparent light detectors integrated in a photonic chip are used to directly monitor the evolution of each mode along the mesh, allowing sequential tuning and adaptive individual feedback control of each beam splitter. The entire mesh self-configures automatically through a progressive tuning algorithm and resets itself after significantly perturbing the mixing, without turning off the beams. We demonstrate information recovery by the simultaneous unscrambling, sorting and tracking of four mixed modes, with residual cross-talk of −20 dB between the beams. Circuit partitioning assisted by transparent detectors enables scalability to meshes with a higher port count and to a higher number of modes without a proportionate increase in the control complexity. The principle of self-configuring and self-resetting in optical systems should be applicable in a wide range of optical applications.
Automated design of freeform imaging systems
Authors: Yang Tong , Jin Guo-Fan , Zhu Jun 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe automated design of imaging systems involving no or minimal human effort has always been the expectation of scientists, researchers and optical engineers. In addition, it is challenging to choose an appropriate starting point for an optical system design. In this paper, we present a novel design framework based on a point-by-point design process that can automatically obtain high-performance freeform systems. This framework only requires a combination of planes as the input based on the configuration requirements or the prior knowledge of designers. This point-by-point design framework is different from the decades-long tradition of optimizing surface coefficients. Compared with the traditional design method, whereby the selection of the starting point and the optimization process are independent of each other and require extensive amount of human effort, there are no obvious differences between these two processes in our design framework, and the entire design process is mostly automated. This automated design process significantly reduces the amount of human effort required and does not rely on advanced design skills and experience. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed design framework, we successfully designed two high-performance systems as examples. This point-by-point design framework opens up new possibilities for automated optical design and can be used to develop automated optical design in the areas of remote sensing, telescopy, microscopy, spectroscopy, virtual reality and augmented reality.
Malaria parasite DNA-harbouring vesicles activate cytosolic immune sensors
Authors: Sisquella Xavier , Ofir-Birin Yifat , Pimentel Matthew A. , Cheng Lesley , Abou Karam Paula , Sampaio Natália G. , Penington Jocelyn Sietsma , Connolly Dympna , Giladi Tal , Scicluna Benjamin J. , Sharples Robyn A. , Waltmann Andreea , Avni Dror , Schwartz Eli , Schofield Louis , Porat Ziv , Hansen Diana S. , Papenfuss Anthony T. , Eriksson Emily M. , Gerlic Motti , Hill Andrew F. , Bowie Andrew G. , Regev-Rudzki Neta 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSTING is an innate immune cytosolic adaptor for DNA sensors that engage malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum) or other pathogen DNA. As P. falciparum infects red blood cells and not leukocytes, how parasite DNA reaches such host cytosolic DNA sensors in immune cells is unclear. Here we show that malaria parasites inside red blood cells can engage host cytosolic innate immune cell receptors from a distance by secreting extracellular vesicles (EV) containing parasitic small RNA and genomic DNA. Upon internalization of DNA-harboring EVs by human monocytes, P. falciparum DNA is released within the host cell cytosol, leading to STING-dependent DNA sensing. STING subsequently activates the kinase TBK1, which phosphorylates the transcription factor IRF3, causing IRF3 to translocate to the nucleus and induce STING-dependent gene expression. This DNA-sensing pathway may be an important decoy mechanism to promote P. falciparum virulence and thereby may affect future strategies to treat malaria.
Differentially evolved glucosyltransferases determine natural variation of rice flavone accumulation and UV-tolerance
Authors: Peng Meng , Shahzad Raheel , Gul Ambreen , Subthain Hizar , Shen Shuangqian , Lei Long , Zheng Zhigang , Zhou Junjie , Lu Dandan , Wang Shouchuang , Nishawy Elsayed , Liu Xianqing , Tohge Takayuki , Fernie Alisdair R. , Luo Jie 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDecoration of phytochemicals contributes to the majority of metabolic diversity in nature, whereas how this process alters the biological functions of their precursor molecules remains to be investigated. Flavones, an important yet overlooked subclass of flavonoids, are most commonly conjugated with sugar moieties by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Here, we report that the natural variation of rice flavones is mainly determined by OsUGT706D1 (flavone 7-O-glucosyltransferase) and OsUGT707A2 (flavone 5-O-glucosyltransferase). UV-B exposure and transgenic evaluation demonstrate that their allelic variation contributes to UV-B tolerance in nature. Biochemical characterization of over 40 flavonoid UGTs reveals their differential evolution in angiosperms. These combined data provide biochemical insight and genetic regulation into flavone biosynthesis and additionally suggest that adoption of the positive alleles of these genes into breeding programs will likely represent a potential strategy aimed at producing stress-tolerant plants.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: REST regulates the cell cycle for cardiac development and regeneration
Authors: Zhang Donghong , Wang Yidong , Lu Pengfei , Wang Ping , Yuan Xinchun , Yan Jianyun , Cai Chenleng , Chang Ching-Pin , Zheng Deyou , Wu Bingruo , Zhou Bin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDespite the importance of cardiomyocyte proliferation in cardiac development and regeneration, the mechanisms that promote cardiomyocyte cell cycle remain incompletely understood. RE1 silencing transcription factor (REST) is a transcriptional repressor of neuronal genes. Here we show that REST also regulates the cardiomyocyte cell cycle. REST binds and represses the cell cycle inhibitor gene p21 and is required for mouse cardiac development and regeneration. Rest deletion de-represses p21 and inhibits the cardiomyocyte cell cycle and proliferation in embryonic or regenerating hearts. By contrast, REST overexpression in cultured cardiomyocytes represses p21 and increases proliferation. We further show that p21 knockout rescues cardiomyocyte cell cycle and proliferation defects resulting from Rest deletion. Our study reveals a REST-p21 regulatory axis as a mechanism for cell cycle progression in cardiomyocytes, which might be exploited therapeutically to enhance cardiac regeneration.
Large guanidinium cation mixed with methylammonium in lead iodide perovskites for 19% efficient solar cells
Authors: Jodlowski Alexander D. , Roldán-Carmona Cristina , Grancini Giulia , Salado Manuel , Ralaiarisoa Maryline , Ahmad Shahzada , Koch Norbert , Camacho Luis , de Miguel Gustavo , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOrganic–inorganic lead halide perovskites have shown photovoltaic performances above 20% in a range of solar cell architectures while offering simple and low-cost processability. Despite the multiple ionic compositions that have been reported so far, the presence of organic constituents is an essential element in all of the high-efficiency formulations, with the methylammonium and formamidinium cations being the sole efficient options available to date. In this study, we demonstrate improved material stability after the incorporation of a large organic cation, guanidinium, into the MAPbI3 crystal structure, which delivers average power conversion efficiencies over 19%, and stabilized performance for 1,000 h under continuous light illumination, a fundamental step within the perovskite field.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa zinc uptake in chelating environment is primarily mediated by the metallophore pseudopaline
Authors: Lhospice Sébastien , Gomez Nicolas Oswaldo , Ouerdane Laurent , Brutesco Catherine , Ghssein Ghassan , Hajjar Christine , Liratni Ahmed , Wang Shuanglong , Richaud Pierre , Bleves Sophie , Ball Geneviève , Borezée-Durant Elise , Lobinski Ryszard , Pignol David , Arnoux Pascal , Voulhoux Romé 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMetal uptake is vital for all living organisms. In metal scarce conditions a common bacterial strategy consists in the biosynthesis of metallophores, their export in the extracellular medium and the recovery of a metal-metallophore complex through dedicated membrane transporters. Staphylopine is a recently described metallophore distantly related to plant nicotianamine that contributes to the broad-spectrum metal uptake capabilities of Staphylococcus aureus. Here we characterize a four-gene operon (PA4837–PA4834) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa involved in the biosynthesis and trafficking of a staphylopine-like metallophore named pseudopaline. Pseudopaline differs from staphylopine with regard to the stereochemistry of its histidine moiety associated with an alpha ketoglutarate moiety instead of pyruvate. In vivo, the pseudopaline operon is regulated by zinc through the Zur repressor. The pseudopaline system is involved in nickel uptake in poor media, and, most importantly, in zinc uptake in metal scarce conditions mimicking a chelating environment, thus reconciling the regulation of the cnt operon by zinc with its function as the main zinc importer under these metal scarce conditions.
Endomucin inhibits VEGF-induced endothelial cell migration, growth, and morphogenesis by modulating VEGFR2 signaling
Authors: Park-Windhol Cindy , Ng Yin Shan , Yang Jinling , Primo Vincent , Saint-Geniez Magali , D’Amore Patricia A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAngiogenesis is central to both normal and pathologic processes. Endothelial cells (ECs) express O-glycoproteins that are believed to play important roles in vascular development and stability. Endomucin-1 (EMCN) is a type I O-glycosylated, sialic-rich glycoprotein, specifically expressed by venous and capillary endothelium. Evidence has pointed to a potential role for EMCN in angiogenesis but it had not been directly investigated. In this study, we examined the role of EMCN in angiogenesis by modulating EMCN levels both in vivo and in vitro. Reduction of EMCN in vivo led to the impairment of angiogenesis during normal retinal development in vivo. To determine the cellular basis of this inhibition, gain- and loss-of-function studies were performed in human retinal EC (HREC) in vitro by EMCN over-expression using adenovirus or EMCN gene knockdown by siRNA. We show that EMCN knockdown reduced migration, inhibited cell growth without compromising cell survival, and suppressed tube morphogenesis of ECs, whereas over-expression of EMCN led to increased migration, proliferation and tube formation. Furthermore, knockdown of EMCN suppressed VEGF-induced signaling as measured by decreased phospho-VEGFR2, phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-p38-MAPK levels. These results suggest a novel role for EMCN as a potent regulator of angiogenesis and point to its potential as a new therapeutic target for angiogenesis-related diseases.
The influences and neural correlates of past and present during gambling in humans
Authors: Sacré Pierre , Subramanian Sandya , Kerr Matthew S. D. , Kahn Kevin , Johnson Matthew A. , Bulacio Juan , González-Martínez Jorge A. , Sarma Sridevi V. , Gale John T. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDuring financial decision-making tasks, humans often make “rational” decisions, where they maximize expected reward. However, this rationality may compete with a bias that reflects past outcomes. That is, if one just lost money or won money, this may impact future decisions. It is unclear how past outcomes influence future decisions in humans, and how neural circuits encode present and past information. In this study, six human subjects performed a financial decision-making task while we recorded local field potentials from multiple brain structures. We constructed a model for each subject characterizing bets on each trial as a function of present and past information. The models suggest that some patients are more influenced by previous trial outcomes (i.e., previous return and risk) than others who stick to more fixed decision strategies. In addition, past return and present risk modulated with the activity in the cuneus; while present return and past risk modulated with the activity in the superior temporal gyrus and the angular gyrus, respectively. Our findings suggest that these structures play a role in decision-making beyond their classical functions by incorporating predictions and risks in humans’ decision strategy, and provide new insight into how humans link their internal biases to decisions.
Normalizing brain activity across individuals using functional reference mapping
Authors: Martinelli Eugenio , Lüdke Alja , Adamo Piergiorgio , Strauch Martin , Di Natale Corrado , Galizia C. Giovanni 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNeural activity can be mapped across individuals using brain atlases, but when spatial relationships are not equal, these techniques collapse. We map activity across individuals using functional registration, based on physiological responses to predetermined reference stimuli. Data from several individuals are integrated into a common multidimensional stimulus space, where dimensionality and axes are defined by these reference stimuli. We used this technique to discriminate volatile compounds with a cohort of Drosophila flies, by recording odor responses in receptor neurons on the flies’ antennae. We propose this technique for the development of reliable biological sensors when activity raw data cannot be calibrated. In particular, this technique will be useful for evaluating physiological measurements in natural chemosensory systems, and therefore will allow to exploit the sensitivity and selectivity of olfactory receptors present in the animal kingdom for analytical purposes.