bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stoma care products represent a common and previously underreported source of peristomal contact dermatitis
Authors: Cressey Brienne D. , Belum Viswanath R. , Scheinman Pamela , Silvestri Dianne , McEntee Nancy , Livingston Vashti , Lacouture Mario E. , Zippin Jonathan H. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryBackgroundPeristomal dermatitis is a common complication for the >700 000 patients in the United States with an ostomy. The role of stoma skin care products in peristomal dermatitis is poorly understood.ObjectiveTo evaluate stoma skin care products as a cause of peristomal dermatitis.MethodsA retrospective chart review of patients with peristomal dermatitis at four academic hospitals from January 2010 to March 2014 was performed. Patient demographics, clinical information and use test and patch test results were documented.ResultsEighteen patients identified as having peristomal dermatitis were tested. Twelve of these had peristomal contact dermatitis. We identified numerous stoma skin care products as triggers of irritant and/or allergic contact dermatitis. The most common stoma skin care product used and/or involved in dermatitis was Cavilon™ No Sting Barrier Film.ConclusionsOur data support a paradigm shift whereby healthcare workers treating patients with peristomal dermatitis, which is currently considered to be a reaction mainly to bodily fluids, must consider those products used to protect the skin as potential triggers for this disease. Therefore, patients with peristomal dermatitis should be tested with their stoma skin care agents to determine the need for removal or change of these products. Additionally, full ingredient labelling by manufacturers would help identify new allergens and irritants.
Large‐scale patterns of fish diversity and assemblage structure in the longest tropical river in Asia
Authors: Chea Ratha , Lek Sovan , Ngor Pengbun , Grenouillet Gaël 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAlthough the Mekong River is one of the world's 35 biodiversity hot spots, the large‐scale patterns of fish diversity and assemblage structure remain poorly addressed. This study aimed to investigate the fish distribution patterns in the Lower Mekong River (LMR) and to identify their environmental determinants. Daily fish catch data (i.e. from December 2000 to November 2001) at 38 sites distributed along the LMR were related to 15 physicochemical and 19 climatic variables. As a result, four different clusters were defined according to the similarity in assemblage composition and 80 indicator species were identified. While fish species richness was highest in the Mekong delta and lowest in the upper part of the LMR, the diversity index was highest in the middle part of the LMR and lowest in the delta. We found that fish assemblages changed along the environmental gradients and that the main drivers affecting the fish assemblage structure were the seasonal variation of temperature, precipitation, dissolved oxygen, pH and total phosphorus. Specifically, upstream assemblages were characterised by cyprinids and Pangasius catfish, well suited to low temperature, high dissolved oxygen and high pH. Fish assemblages in the delta were dominated by perch‐like fish and clupeids, more tolerant to high temperatures, and high levels of nutrients (nitrates and total phosphorus) and salinity. Overall, the patterns were consistent between seasons. Our study contributes to establishing the first holistic fish community study in the LMR.
French mental health first aid guidelines for eating disorders: an exploration of user characteristics and usefulness among college students
Authors: Melioli Tiffany , Rispal Magali , Hart Laura M. , Chabrol Henri , Rodgers Rachel F. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimThe literature has highlighted that strategies to increase appropriate and timely treatment seeking for eating disorders (EDs) are needed. The aim of this study was to use the Internet to disseminate guidelines for providing first aid to individuals suffering from ED among college students.MethodsUsers were invited to complete two surveys: an initial one assessing user characteristics and, 28 days later, a questionnaire assessing the perceived usefulness of the guidelines. A sample of 651 college students (M
age = 22, standard deviation (SD) = 3.9) responded to the first questionnaire and 50 completed the second questionnaire (M
age = 22.2, SD = 2.6).ResultsThe guidelines were downloaded 1174 times and 56% of users reported finding them useful.ConclusionsCollege students might be particularly interested in learning more about ED and the guidelines could be valuable to address the gap in available resources for ED‐related mental health literacy.
Predictors of academic performance in the discipline‐specific bioscience paper: a retrospective qualitative study
Authors: Khareedi R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIntroductionThe cohort of students enrolled in the discipline‐specific bioscience paper reflects a structural diversity in that it includes students of multiple ethnicities, varied age groups, differing scholastic and life experiences. These divergent identities of students are known to influence academic performance. The purpose of this retrospective quantitative study was to determine the ability of a set of variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, level of prior education, the place from which prior education was obtained, work experience and prior academic achievement to predict academic performance in the discipline‐specific bioscience paper.MethodThe sample for this study was a purposive sample of all oral health students who had enrolled in the paper at the Auckland University of Technology from 2011 to 2014. The desensitised empirical data of 116 students from the University's database were subject to multivariable regression analysis. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated.ResultsPrior academic achievement was a statistically significant predictor variable (P < 0.001) for the academic performance in the discipline‐specific bioscience paper and was also positively correlated (r = 0.641, P < 0.001) to the grades in the discipline‐specific bioscience paper.ConclusionPrior academic achievement was the only variable that was demonstrated to be correlated to and predictive of the academic performance in the discipline‐specific bioscience paper.
Young But Not Old Adult African Striped Mice Reduce Their Activity in the Dry Season When Food Availability is Low
Authors: Rimbach Rebecca , Willigenburg Remco , Schoepf Ivana , Yuen Chi Hang , Pillay Neville , Schradin Carsten 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAn individual′s survival and fitness depend on its ability to effectively allocate its time between competing behaviors. Sex, social tactic, season and food availability are important factors influencing activity budgets. However, few field studies have tested their influences. The African striped mouse (Rhabdomys pumilio) lives in highly seasonal habitats in southern Africa, and individuals can adopt different social tactics. We investigated seasonal changes in activity budgets of different tactics and predicted that individuals will reduce their activity in the non‐breeding season to save energy when food availability is low and that young non‐breeding adults (‘philopatrics’) invest mainly in activities related to gaining body mass to increase survival probability. We predicted old adults (‘breeders’), which bred during the previous breeding season, to invest mainly in maintenance of their social status. We conducted 90 focal observations during the non‐breeding season and 73 during the breeding season. Activity budgets of striped mice were season and tactic specific, with philopatrics, but not breeders, reducing activity when food availability was low, possibly to decrease energy expenditure. Philopatrics of both sexes foraged and basked more in the breeding season than during the non‐breeding season. Male philopatrics gained body mass and female philopatrics maintained their body mass in both seasons. Sex‐specific differences occurred during the breeding season, when female breeders foraged more than male breeders, while male breeders chased other individuals more than female breeders. These findings indicate that individuals adopting different social tactics display distinct behaviors to fulfill tactic‐specific energetic needs.
Effects of UVB radiation on net community production in the upper global ocean
Authors: Garcia‐Corral Lara S. , Holding Johnna M. , Carrillo‐de‐Albornoz Paloma , Steckbauer Alexandra , Pérez‐Lorenzo María , Navarro Nuria , Serret Pablo , Duarte Carlos M. , Agusti Susana 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimErosion of the stratospheric ozone layer together with oligotrophication of the subtropical ocean is leading to enhanced exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in ocean surface waters. The impact of increased exposure to UVB on planktonic primary producers and heterotrophs is uncertain. Here we test the null hypothesis that net community production (NCP) of plankton communities in surface waters of the tropical and subtropical ocean is not affected by ambient UVB radiation and extend this test to the global ocean, including the polar oceans and the Mediterranean Sea using previous results.LocationWe conducted experiments with 131 surface communities sampled during a circumnavigation cruise along the tropical and subtropical ocean and combined these results with 89 previous reports encompassing the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic and Southern Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea.MethodsThe use of quartz (transparent to UVB radiation) and borosilicate glass materials (opaque to most UVB) for incubations allowed us to compare NCP between communities where UVB is excluded and those receiving natural UVB radiation.ResultsWe found that NCP varies when exposed to natural UVB radiation compared to those where UVB was removed. NCP of autotrophic communities tended to decrease under natural UVB radiation, whereas the NCP of heterotrophic communities tended to increase. However, these variations showed the opposite trend under higher levels of UVB radiation.Main conclusionsOur results suggest that earlier estimates of NCP for surface communities, which were hitherto derived using materials blocking UVB radiation were biased, with the direction and magnitude of this bias depending on the metabolic status of the communities and the underwater penetration of UVB radiation.
Comprehensive effects of galantamine and cilostazol combination therapy on patients with Alzheimer's disease with asymptomatic lacunar infarction
Authors: Hishikawa Nozomi , Fukui Yusuke , Sato Kota , Ohta Yasuyuki , Yamashita Toru , Abe Koji 
Published: August 2016

AimThe coexistence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular disease pathology increases age‐dependently. We comprehensively analyzed the clinical effects of galantamine or cilostazol monotherapy to the add‐on combination therapy on three major factors of dementia, such as cognitive, affective and activities of daily living functions in AD patients with asymptomatic lacunar infarction.MethodsWe divided 101 AD patients with asymptomatic lacunar infarction into two subgroups: group A (n = 61, first treated with galantamine and then cilostazol added) and group B (n = 40, first treated with cilostazol and galantamine added). We compared the clinical effects before and after combination therapy of galantamine and cilostazol (i.e. 3 months [M] before (–3 M), baseline (0 M), 3 and 6 M after the add‐on combination).ResultsGalantamine monotherapy increased cognitive Hasegawa dementia score‐revised scores, which were further improved with add‐on cilostazol. Cilostazol monotherapy also increased the cognitive tests, which were further improved with add‐on galantamine. Add‐on cilostazol significantly improved Geriatric Depression Scale and Abe's behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia scores after galantamine monotherapy. Cilostazol monotherapy also significantly improved Geriatric Depression Scale scores, with further improvements in Geriatric Depression Scale, apathy scores and Abe's behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia scores by add‐on galantamine. Activities of daily living scores continuously improved with galantamine monotherapy and add‐on cilostazol.ConclusionsThe present study provides a clinical possibility that galantamine or cilostazol monotherapy and the combination therapy maintained or even improved cognitive, affective, and activities of daily living functions in AD with asymptomatic lacunar infarction. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1384–1391.
Relationship between fear of falling and functional status in nursing home residents aged older than 65 years
Authors: Kocic Mirjana , Stojanovic Zorica , Lazovic Milica , Nikolic Dejan , Zivkovic Vesna , Milenkovic Marina , Lazarevic Konstansa 
Published: August 2016

AimThe present study investigated the relationship between fear of falling and functional status, and sociodemographic and health‐related factors in nursing home residents aged older than 65 years.MethodsThe cross‐sectional study involved 100 participants who were residents of a nursing home and aged older than 65 years. Fear of falling was assessed using the Falls Efficacy Scale. Functional status was assessed by four performance‐based measures. Balance was assessed by the Berg Balance Scale, mobility by the Timed Up and Go test, lower limbs muscle strength by the Chair Rising Test and participants’ functional ability by the motor Functional Independence Measure.ResultsThere was a significant negative correlation between the Falls Efficacy Scale and Berg Balance Scale (P < 0.001), and motor Functional Independence Measure (P < 0.001) scores; and a positive correlation with the Timed Up and Go test (P < 0.001) and Chair Rising Test (P < 0.001) values. Falls Efficacy Scale score increase is associated with age, being a widower/widow and the number of falls in the previous year. Higher fear of falling is associated with an increase in the number of falls in the previous year and with a decrease in Berg Balance Scale score.ConclusionsThe study found a significant associations between Falls Efficacy Scale score and all of the examined parameters of functional status, the number of falls in the previous year, age and marital status of widower/widow. The major finding was that poor balance and an increase in the number of falls in the previous year are independent factors significantly associated with the fear of falling. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1470–1476.
Heparin albumin priming in a clinical setting for hemodialysis patients at risk for bleeding
Authors: Skagerlind Malin , Stegmayr Bernd 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIntroduction: Intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) is sometimes necessary in patients with a bleeding risk, i.e., before/after surgery or brain hemorrhage. In such case IHD has to be modified to limit the conventional anticoagulation used to avoid clotting of the extracorporeal circuit (ECC). We evaluated if priming using a heparin and albumin (HA) mixture could minimize the exposure to heparin.Methods: Retrospective data from 1995 to 2013 were collected from 1408 acute dialysis treatment protocols that included 321 patients. Comparisons were made between IHD patients that had increased risk for bleeding and were treated by standard anticoagulation (Group‐S), and patients at increased risk of bleeding (Group‐HA). The ECC in Group‐HA was primed with a solution of unfractioned heparin (UFH) (5000 Units/L) and albumin (1 g/L) in saline that was discarded after priming. There were 16 different dialyzers in the material.Findings: Comparing Group‐S (n = 883) with Group‐HA (n = 221), the mean age was 61.6 vs. 62.2 years (P = 0.8), dialysis time was 197 vs. 190 minutes (P = 0.002), and total dose of intravenous anticoagulant/IHD was at median 5000 Units vs. 1200 Units (P = 0.001). Twenty‐four percent of patients were treated without any additional heparin. Clotting resulting in interrupted dialysis was similar in both groups (0.8% for Group‐S vs. 1.0% for Group‐HA, P = 0.8). No secondary bleeding was reported in either group.Discussion: HA priming minimized the risk of clotting and enabled acute IHD in vulnerable patients without increased bleeding, thus allowing completion of IHD to the same extent as for standard HD.
Binary mixture of Satureja hortensis and Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum essential oils: in vivo therapeutic efficiency against Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Harmati Maria , Gyukity‐Sebestyen Edina , Dobra Gabriella , Terhes Gabriella , Urban Edit , Decsi Gabor , Mimica‐Dukić Neda , Lesjak Marija , Simin Nataša , Pap Bernadett , Nemeth Istvan B. , Buzas Krisztina 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori can cause many gastrointestinal and also extra‐gastrointestinal disorders and is a major risk factor for gastric carcinoma and MALT lymphoma. Currently, numerous antibiotic‐based therapies are available; however, these therapies have numerous drawbacks, mainly due to increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistant strains. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic agents against H. pylori infections.Materials and MethodsIn this study, the anti‐H. pylori activity of 2:1 mixture of Satureja hortensis and Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum essential oils (2MIX) was investigated in vivo. After screening in vitro cytotoxicity of 2MIX on mammalian cell lines, the therapeutic efficiency was studied in a mouse model, where changes in H. pylori colonization were detected by PCR and histology of gastric samples. The immune reaction of mice was tested based on cytokine and chemokine production, and the in vivo toxicity of 2MIX was also investigated by measuring ALT and AST enzyme activities and Cyp3a11 and HO‐1 mRNA levels in livers of mice.Results2MIX had not shown in vitro cytotoxicity against cell lines, only the highest concentration caused significant decrease in their survival rates. In the in vivo experiments, 2MIX successfully eradicated the pathogen in 70% of the mice. We could not detect toxicity or altered cytokine and chemokine balance after in vivo treatments in mice.ConclusionsThese results show that 2MIX is effective in reducing H. pylori colonization suggesting that this essential oil mixture has great potential as a new, effective, and safe therapeutic agent against H. pylori.
Hepatitis B core‐related antigen kinetics in chronic hepatitis B virus genotype D‐infected patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues or pegylated‐interferon‐α
Authors: Caviglia Gian Paolo , Abate Maria Lorena , Noviello Daniele , Olivero Antonella , Rosso Chiara , Troshina Giulia , Ciancio Alessia , Rizzetto Mario , Saracco Giorgio Maria , Smedile Antonina 
Published: August 2016

AimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between hepatitis B core‐related antigen (HBcrAg) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels, and to investigate HBcrAg kinetics during nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) or pegylated‐interferon (PEG‐IFN)‐α treatment in a cohort of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) genotype D patients.MethodsOne hundred thirty eight sequential serum samples were collected from 28 hepatitis B e antigen‐negative CHB genotype D patients (20 men and 8 women; median age, 54 years [range, 47–58 years]) who underwent NA (n = 20) or PEG‐IFN‐α (n = 8) treatment. Serum HBcrAg levels were determined by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Longitudinal analysis was carried out at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after NA treatment initiation and at 6, 12, and 18 months and at follow‐up month 6 after PEG‐IFN‐α treatment.ResultsBasal HBcrAg levels were 4.7 ± 1.8 Log U/mL and 3.3 ± 1.6 Log U/mL in NA‐ and PEG‐IFN‐α‐treated patients, respectively. Hepatitis B core‐related antigen showed a moderate correlation with HBV DNA (r = 0.498, P < 0.0001) and no correlation with HBsAg (r = 0.192, P = 0.0669). In serial serum samples, a significant HBcrAg reduction was observed only in patients receiving NA (P = 0.019). In these patients, we observed a group (n = 12) with an early HBcrAg decline to undetectable levels between months 6–12, whereas the other group (n = 8) still had detectable HBcrAg at month 36 (4.4 ± 0.6 Log U/mL), independently from HBV DNA and HBsAg kinetics.ConclusionsSerum HBcrAg correlates with HBV DNA levels, most likely through expression of viral replication activity. We observed two different HBcrAg kinetics in NA‐treated patients, suggesting different relapse risk related to NA cessation. Further studies on larger patient cohorts will elucidate the role of HBcrAg in the safe discontinuation of NA in CHB genotype D patients.
Contributions of Look Duration and Gaze Shift Patterns to Infants’ Novelty Preferences
Authors: Fisher‐Thompson Donna 
Published: August 2016

Data from 72 infants, tested using a serial paired‐comparison paradigm, were analyzed to better understand infant novelty preferences. Infants between the ages of 15 and 26 weeks were tested in three studies with familiar stimuli displayed adjacent to novel stimuli on each trial. Differences in look duration, look number, and gaze shifts directed at novel versus familiar stimuli were assessed to measure their contributions to group and individual novelty preferences. Infants produced longer looks for novel stimuli in all three studies, and stimulus differences in look duration accounted for more than 50% of the variability in individual novelty preferences. Infants that produced more looks to novel rather than familiar stimuli did not produce overall novelty preferences unless they also looked longer at novel stimuli. Gaze shift patterns did not predict individual novelty preferences, and novel stimuli did not determine where infants looked. The infants’ visual exploration was constrained by memories for the direction of the previous look as well as by the attention‐holding features of novel stimuli.
Adaptive Water Governance: Integrating the Human Dimensions into Water Resource Governance
Authors: Akamani Kofi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe command‐and‐control paradigm of water resource management that dominated 20th century water policy has resulted in vulnerabilities due to its inadequate consideration of the human dimensions as well as its failure to prioritize the need for learning and adapting to change and uncertainties. In response to these shortfalls, recent years have seen the emergence of alternative water policy frameworks, notably integrated water resource management (IWRM) and adaptive management. However, while IWRM broadens the planning goals and scope of water resource governance through integration and coordination across scales and sectors, it does not adequately emphasize learning to deal with uncertainty. On the other hand, adaptive management emphasizes the need to prioritize learning to deal with uncertainty in resource management through monitoring and experimentation, but places less emphasis on the human dimensions required for its successful implementation. This paper discusses adaptive water governance – collaborative, flexible, and learning‐based institutions that connect state and non‐state actors across multiple levels for ecosystem‐based management of land and water resources – as a promising institutional mechanism for integrating the human dimensions into water resource governance while building the capacity of water resource systems to learn and adapt to change. The paper highlights four attributes of adaptive water governance: (1) reintegrating humans into nature; (2) integrating diverse sources and types of knowledge; (3) promoting adaptive and integrative management goals; and (4) using polycentric institutions and analytic deliberation processes. Through these mechanisms, adaptive governance can contribute to sustainability, good governance, conflict management, and social‐ecological resilience in water resource systems.