bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alter(n) und Depression
Authors: Gürtler Klaus 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Resilienz Depressionen gehören neben demenziellen Erkrankungen zu den
häufigsten psychischen Erkrankungen im höheren Lebensalter. Unser Autor erklärt
die biologischen, psychologischen, existenziellen und sozialen Faktoren, die zu
einer Altersdepression führen können und wie man sie mildern kann. Seine Maxime
für die Behandlung lautet: Hoffnung einflößen.
Kasuistik: ECMO-Einsatz bei hyperkapnischer Hirndruckkrise
Authors: Unterberg Matthias , Nowak Hartmuth , Gottschalk André 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungUnter der Geburt trübte sich bei einer 29-jährigen Patientin die Vigilanz progredient bis zum Koma. Grund war eine schwere Hirnblutung als Komplikation eines bis dahin nicht erkennbaren HELLP-Syndroms. Nach der zerebralen OP entwickelte die Patientin aggravierend ein schweres ARDS mit Hyperkapnie und kritischem Anstieg des intrakraniellen Druckes. Trotz Kontraindikation war eine ECMO-Therapie für insgesamt 31 Tage letztlich erfolgreich.
Aktivierende Pflege und Physiotherapie bei Menschen mit
Demenz
Authors: Morgenstern Ulrike 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Brain-Gym®-Konzept Der Aufbau von Handlungskompetenz bei Pflegenden und
Physiotherapeuten im Hinblick auf die Anwendung alternativer Interventionen ist
ein zentraler Schlüssel, um die Situation von dementen Patienten insbesondere in
der klinischen Versorgung zu verbessern. Eine passende Intervention könnte die
„Aktivierende Pflege und Physiotherapie“ auf der Grundlage des
Brain-Gym®-Konzepts sein. Hierdurch besteht die Möglichkeit, Patienten mit einer
geringen psychischen und physischen Belastbarkeit zu aktivieren. Wir stellen
Ihnen das Konzept vor.
Das will ich, das bin ich!
Authors: Holtbernd Thomas 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Herzensangelegenheiten Manche Vorhaben sind wichtig und andere
bedeutungslos. Und es gibt Anliegen, die jemandem am Herzen liegen. Die
Formulierung weist darauf hin, dass eine solche Angelegenheit kein Ziel wie etwa
bei einem Zielvereinbarungsgespräch ist, sondern den ganzen Menschen betrifft
und über aktuelle Bestrebungen oder rein berufliche Wünsche hinausgeht. Das Ziel
ist ethisch aufgewertet, weil es mit Herzblut angestrebt wird, weil der Mensch
sich dafür verausgabt, weil seine Identität aufs Engste mit diesem Vorhaben
verbunden ist.
Phänomene aus der Praxis
Authors: Dißmann Steffen 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Lerninhalte der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie Welche Phänomene,
Tätigkeiten und Belastungen lassen sich aus der Sicht von Auszubildenden und
examinierten Pflegekräften für den Bereich der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie
identifizieren und zu Lerninhalten transformieren? Welche Erwartungen haben
Auszubildende und Pflegende bezogen auf die methodische Umsetzung des Themas
„psychisch kranke Menschen pflegen“? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen führte unser
Autor im Rahmen seiner Bachelorarbeit Interviews und leitet daraus
psychiatrierelevante Lerninhalte für die Ausbildung ab.
Akutschmerztherapie bei Appendektomie
Authors: Freys Stephan 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungSchmerztherapie spielt in der Chirurgie eine zentrale Rolle. Eine strukturierte Akutschmerztherapie verbessert unmittelbar die Lebensqualität, senkt mittelfristig die Morbidität und verhindert langfristig eine Schmerzchronifizierung – bei deutlichen ökonomischen Vorteilen wie reduzierter Krankenhausverweildauer und kürzerem Krankenstand. Diese 4 Aspekte werden oft und gerade bei scheinbar „kleinen Operationen“ stiefmütterlich behandelt.
Psychoedukationsmodul Rückkehr an den Arbeitsplatz – Eine Interventionsstudie
Authors: Hölzle Patricia , Baumbach Anna , Mernyi Lena , Hamann Johannes 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Im Mittelpunkt der vorliegenden Studie stand die Frage, inwieweit Patienten von einem Psychoedukationsmodul zum Thema Rückkehr an den Arbeitsplatz profitieren können.
Methoden Durch eine randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie (n = 82) wurden die Effekte auf die Einstellungen zum Arbeitsplatz, Wissen zu rechtlichen Aspekten bei der Rückkehr und Dauer bis zur Rückkehr evaluiert.
Ergebnisse Die Psychoedukationsgruppe erhöhte die Sicherheit bei der Rückkehr, allerdings nicht die Dauer bis zum Wiedereinstieg.
Schlussfolgerung Das Psychoedukationsmodul wurde sehr gut angenommen und stellt offenbar eine gute Ergänzung zur sozialpädagogischen Einzelberatung dar.
Lithiumtherapie bei eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion: Zwischen Skylla und Charybdis
Authors: Dehning Julia , Grunze Heinz , Born Christoph , Hausmann Armand 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Bei vielen Patienten mit bipolaren Störungen gibt es keine gleichwertige Alternative zur Lithiumtherapie, auch
bei eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion. Lässt sich eine Lithiumtherapie trotz eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion durch Veränderung der
Dosierung und/oder Einnahmehäufigkeit fortführen?
Kasuistik Wir berichten über eine an Bipolar-I-Störung leidende 65-jährige Patientin, die über viele Jahre Lithium als
Phasenprophylaktikum erhielt. Unter dieser Therapie reduzierte sich die glomeruläre Filtrationsrate (GFR) als Ausdruck der
Nierenfunktion bis zu Werten unter 60 mL/min/1,73 m2. Es stellte sich die Frage nach einer nierenschonenden
Weiterführung oder des Ausschleichens der Lithium-Therapie.
Schlussfolgerung Die abendliche Einzelgabe mit 25%-iger Dosisreduktion senkte den Lithium-Serumspiegel nicht. Erst eine
Dosisreduktion um 50%, die mit einer Erniedrigung des Lithiumserumspiegels einherging, konnte die reduzierte GFR wieder anheben.
Eine nierenschonende Lithiumtherapie bei Patienten mit reduzierter Nierenfunktion bewegt sich zwischen „Skylla und Charybdis“.
Neue Daten zur Device-Therapie
Authors: Brachmann Johannes 
Published: May 2017

Der interventionelle Vorhofohrverschluss ist eine leitliniengerechte Therapiemöglichkeit für Patienten mit nicht valvulärem Vorhofflimmern, die nicht mit einer Langzeitantikoagulation behandelt werden können.Implantierbare Loop-Rekorder können bei Verdacht auf kardiale Arrhythmien und bei Hochrisikopatienten ohne klare Ursache für eine Synkope bis zu 3 Jahre den Herzrhythmus beobachten, pathologische Ereignisse erkennen und abspeichern.Dieser Artikel fasst für beide Verfahren die wichtigsten Fakten zusammen: Indikationen, Durchführung und verfügbare Geräte. Anhand der aktuellen Studiendaten zum interventionellen Vorhofohrverschluss und zum Einsatz von Event-Rekordern werden die derzeitigen Erfahrungen mit den beiden Verfahren dargestellt.
The Foxgloves (Digitalis) Revisited
Authors: Kreis Wolfgang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis review provides a renewed look at the genus Digitalis. Emphasis will be put on those issues that attracted the most attention or even went through paradigmatic changes since the turn of the millennium. PubMed and Google Scholar were used (“Digitalis” and “Foxglove” were the key words) to identify research from 2000 till 2017 containing data relevant enough to be presented here. Intriguing new results emerged from studies related to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus as well as to the biosynthesis and potential medicinal uses of the key active compounds, the cardiac glycosides. Several Eastern and Western Foxgloves were studied with respect to their propagation in vitro. In this context, molecular biology tools were applied and phytochemical analyses were conducted. Structure elucidation and analytical methods, which have experienced less exciting progress, will not be considered here in great detail.
Extraordinarily rapid speciation in a marine fish
Authors: Momigliano Paolo , Jokinen Henri , Fraimout Antoine , Florin Ann-Britt , Norkko Alf , Merilä Juha 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Divergent selection can lead to the evolution of distinct species, a process known as ecological speciation. Evidence for ecological speciation in the marine environment is scarce, and the few known examples have happened within a time frame of hundreds of thousands to millions of years. We present evidence that European flounders in the Baltic Sea exhibiting different breeding behaviors are a species pair arising from a recent event of ecological speciation. The two lineages diverged within less than 3,000 generations. This is the fastest event of speciation ever reported for any marine vertebrate. Extraordinarily rapid speciation driven by natural selection can therefore happen even in the marine environment.
Emergence of categorical face perception after extended early-onset blindness
Authors: Gandhi Tapan K. , Singh Amy Kalia , Swami Piyush , Ganesh Suma , Sinha Pawan 
Published: May 2017

Significance
The results of this study help resolve an important open question regarding visual learning: Can the human brain acquire face classification skill late in life, or is such learning limited only to a critical period early in development? Working with a group of congenitally blind children in whom we were able to surgically initiate sight, we tracked their face/nonface categorization ability over several months. The data reveal that although the newly sighted children do not possess innately specified face schemas, they are able to learn this distinction to a high degree of proficiency through natural visual experience. These findings have implications for visual learning, brain plasticity, and prognoses for late treatments of blindness.
Mental models accurately predict emotion transitions
Authors: Thornton Mark A. , Tamir Diana I. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
People naturally understand that emotions predict actions: angry people aggress, tired people rest, and so forth. Emotions also predict future emotions: for example, tired people become frustrated and guilty people become ashamed. Here we examined whether people understand these regularities in emotion transitions. Comparing participants’ ratings of transition likelihood to others’ experienced transitions, we found that raters’ have accurate mental models of emotion transitions. These models could allow perceivers to predict others’ emotions up to two transitions into the future with above-chance accuracy. We also identified factors that inform—but do not fully determine—these mental models: egocentric bias, the conceptual properties of valence, social impact, and rationality, and the similarity and co-occurrence between different emotions.
Behavioral and neural correlates to multisensory detection of sick humans
Authors: Regenbogen Christina , Axelsson John , Lasselin Julie , Porada Danja K. , Sundelin Tina , Peter Moa G. , Lekander Mats , Lundström Johan N. , Olsson Mats J. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
In the perpetual race between evolving organisms and pathogens, the human immune system has evolved to reduce the harm of infections. As part of such a system, avoidance of contagious individuals would increase biological fitness. The present study shows that we can detect both facial and olfactory cues of sickness in others just hours after experimental activation of their immune system. The study further demonstrates that multisensory integration of these olfactory and visual sickness cues is a crucial mechanism for how we detect and socially evaluate sick individuals. Thus, by motivating the avoidance of sick conspecifics, olfactory–visual cues, both in isolation and integrated, may be important parts of circuits handling imminent threats of contagion.
Nanomechanics of the substrate binding domain of Hsp70 determine its allosteric ATP-induced conformational change
Authors: Mandal Soumit Sankar , Merz Dale R. , Buchsteiner Maximilian , Dima Ruxandra I. , Rief Matthias , Žoldák Gabriel 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Hsp70 is a protein nanometer-sized molecular machine operating similar like a macroscopic engine: Combustion of fuel (ATP in the case of Hsp70) triggers mechanical motion for its function. However, in contrast to macroscopic engines, protein machines face additional limitations imposed by thermal fluctuations and by the low stability of the individual components. Using single-molecule force spectroscopy, we drive the passive machine through its mechanical states that allows us to detect its relevant parts. Applying this approach for the substrate binding domain (SBD) of Hsp70, we identified mechanical subunits and hinges of the SBD. Interestingly, these parts are involved in an ATP-fueled biological conformational change of Hsp70. In summary, single-molecule manipulation gives insight into the operating principles of nanoscale molecular machines.
Facial appearance affects science communication
Authors: Gheorghiu Ana I. , Callan Mitchell J. , Skylark William J. 
Published: May 2017

SignificanceThe dissemination of scientific findings to the wider public is increasingly important to public opinion and policy. We show that this process is influenced by the facial appearance of the scientist. We identify the traits that engender interest in a scientist’s work and the perception that they do high-quality work, and show that these face-based impressions influence both the selection and evaluation of science news. These findings inform theories of person perception and illuminate a potential source of bias in the public’s understanding of science.
Perceived social presence reduces fact-checking
Authors: Jun Youjung , Meng Rachel , Johar Gita Venkataramani 
Published: May 2017

Significance
The dissemination of unverified content (e.g., “fake” news) is a societal problem with influence that can acquire tremendous reach when propagated through social networks. This article examines how evaluating information in a social context affects fact-checking behavior. Across eight experiments, people fact-checked less often when they evaluated claims in a collective (e.g., group or social media) compared with an individual setting. Inducing momentary vigilance increased the rate of fact-checking. These findings advance our understanding of whether and when people scrutinize information in social environments. In an era of rapid information diffusion, identifying the conditions under which people are less likely to verify the content that they consume is both conceptually important and practically relevant.
Histone-binding of DPF2 mediates its repressive role in myeloid differentiation
Authors: Huber Ferdinand M. , Greenblatt Sarah M. , Davenport Andrew M. , Martinez Concepcion , Xu Ye , Vu Ly P. , Nimer Stephen D. , Hoelz André 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Double plant homeodomain finger 2 (DPF2) is a regulator of myeloid differentiation and implicated in a range of human cancers, including acute myelogenous leukemia. Recruitment of DPF2 to chromatin has been shown to alter the expression of target genes and inhibit myeloid differentiation. Here, we present the crystal structure of the human DPF2 tandem plant homeodomain finger domain and comprehensive structure-guided biochemical and in vivo analyses. Combined, our data delineate the determinants of DPF2’s chromatin recruitment and establish its regulatory role in human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell differentiation.
Metabolic basis to Sherpa altitude adaptation
Authors: Horscroft James A. , Kotwica Aleksandra O. , Laner Verena , West James A. , Hennis Philip J. , Levett Denny Z. H. , Howard David J. , Fernandez Bernadette O. , Burgess Sarah L. , Ament Zsuzsanna , Gilbert-Kawai Edward T. , Vercueil André , Landis Blaine D. , Mitchell Kay , Mythen Monty G. , Branco Cristina , Johnson Randall S. , Feelisch Martin , Montgomery Hugh E. , Griffin Julian L. , Grocott Michael P. W. , Gnaiger Erich , Martin Daniel S. , Murray Andrew J. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
A relative fall in tissue oxygen levels (hypoxia) is a common feature of many human diseases, including heart failure, lung diseases, anemia, and many cancers, and can compromise normal cellular function. Hypoxia also occurs in healthy humans at high altitude due to low barometric pressures. Human populations resident at high altitude in the Himalayas have evolved mechanisms that allow them to survive and perform, including adaptations that preserve oxygen delivery to the tissues. Here, we studied one such population, the Sherpas, and found metabolic adaptations, underpinned by genetic differences, that allow their tissues to use oxygen more efficiently, thereby conserving muscle energy levels at high altitude, and possibly contributing to the superior performance of elite climbing Sherpas at extreme altitudes.
Selective regulation of Notch ligands during angiogenesis is mediated by vimentin
Authors: Antfolk Daniel , Sjöqvist Marika , Cheng Fang , Isoniemi Kimmo , Duran Camille L. , Rivero-Muller Adolfo , Antila Christian , Niemi Rasmus , Landor Sebastian , Bouten Carlijn V. C. , Bayless Kayla J. , Eriksson John E. , Sahlgren Cecilia M. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from existing ones, is essential for embryonic development and necessary for tumor growth and invasion. The Notch signaling pathway regulates angiogenesis where the two Notch ligands, Dll4 and Jagged 1, exert opposite functions on sprouting. We found that the intermediate filament vimentin balances angiogenesis by binding specifically to the proangiogenic Jagged ligands. This binding provides a force-generating mechanism on the Jagged–Notch complex to ensure efficient transendocytosis and Notch activation. The interaction between vimentin and Jagged constitutes a mechanism behind selective regulation of Notch ligands during angiogenesis. The interaction may be amendable by therapeutic intervention and can facilitate strategies targeting a variety of diseases related to Jagged deregulation.
Mechanosensing of shear by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
leads to increased levels of the cyclic-di-GMP signal initiating biofilm development
Authors: Rodesney Christopher A. , Roman Brian , Dhamani Numa , Cooley Benjamin J. , Katira Parag , Touhami Ahmed , Gordon Vernita D. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
It is well established that mechanical inputs, such as strain and elasticity, can be sensed by eukaryotic cells and can impact phenotype and behavior. In contrast, very little is known about how prokaryotes may respond to mechanical inputs. Here, we show that bacteria can sense shear and can respond by initiating biofilms. This is an important advance in fundamental microbiology and mechanobiology. Biofilms are difficult to prevent using extant approaches. Our knowledge points the way to a hitherto-undeveloped type of antibiofilm surface that thwarts mechanosensing by not sustaining sufficiently high shear. This would prevent bacteria from sensing surface attachment, activating cyclic-di-GMP signaling, and forming a biofilm.
Repression of phosphatidylinositol transfer protein α ameliorates the pathology of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Vieira Natassia M. , Spinazzola Janelle M. , Alexander Matthew S. , Moreira Yuri B. , Kawahara Genri , Gibbs Devin E. , Mead Lillian C. , Verjovski-Almeida Sergio , Zatz Mayana , Kunkel Louis M. 
Published: May 2017

SignificanceDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic X-linked neuromuscular disease characterized by severe muscle degeneration caused by absence of the protein dystrophin. In the golden retriever muscular dystrophy dog model of DMD, two atypical dogs exhibited significantly milder phenotypes compared with their severely affected littermates despite lacking dystrophin. These two notable dogs were found to have decreased expression of phosphatidylinositol transfer protein-α (PITPNA) compared with severely affected dogs. Decreased expression ofPITPNAin dystrophin-deficient zebrafish and in human DMD myogenic cells ameliorated several aspects of the dystrophic phenotype, improving muscle structure, increasing survival, and increasing levels of phosphorylated Akt. Our findings presentPITPNAas a genetic modifier of DMD and potential target for future therapies.
Bio-inspired self-healing structural color hydrogel
Authors: Fu Fanfan , Chen Zhuoyue , Zhao Ze , Wang Huan , Shang Luoran , Gu Zhongze , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Structural color hydrogels have been widely studied and used in different applications, such as in switches, optical devices, etc. However, because the deterioration and accumulation of damage of these materials are inevitable during applications, the creation of bio-inspired structure color materials with increased survivability is still desired for both fundamental research and practical applications. In this study, inspired by creatures in nature with spontaneous healing from injury and recovering of functionality, we demonstrated a self-healing structural color hydrogel by filling a healable protein hydrogel into an inverse opal scaffold. A series of new structural color materials with 1D linear microfiber, 2D pattern, and 3D photonic path structures could be constructed by assembling and healing the composite structural color hydrogel elements.
Manipulating DNA damage-response signaling for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases
Authors: McNally Jonathan P. , Millen Scott H. , Chaturvedi Vandana , Lakes Nora , Terrell Catherine E. , Elfers Eileen E. , Carroll Kaitlin R. , Hogan Simon P. , Andreassen Paul R. , Kanter Julie , Allen Carl E. , Henry Michael M. , Greenberg Jay N. , Ladisch Stephan , Hermiston Michelle L. , Joyce Michael , Hildeman David A. , Katz Jonathan D. , Jordan Michael B. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Therapeutic immune suppression is essential for treating a variety of immune conditions, including autoimmune diseases, immunoregulatory disorders, and in transplantation. Reliance on broadly acting drugs carries substantial risks, and even pathway-specific agents are problematic, because most immune pathways have essential functions. The ideal form of immune suppression would be antigen-specific, suppressing an undesired immune response but sparing all others. We describe a unique strategy for therapeutic immune suppression, relying on targeted manipulation of DNA damage-response signaling, that exploits unique aspects of lymphocyte biology. This approach allows for highly selective suppression of recently activated T cells, displays clear therapeutic benefits, and has less off-target toxicity than conventional DNA-damaging drugs.
Collective action and the evolution of social norm internalization
Authors: Gavrilets Sergey , Richerson Peter J. 
Published: May 2017

SignificancePeople often ignore material costs they incur when following existing social norms. Some individuals and groups are often willing to pay extremely high costs to enact, defend, or promulgate specific values and norms that they consider important. Such behaviors, often decreasing biological fitness, represent an evolutionary puzzle. We study theoretically the evolutionary origins of human capacity to internalize and follow social norms. We focus on two general types of collective actions our ancestors were regularly involved in: cooperation to overcome nature’s challenges and conflicts with neighboring groups. We show that norm internalization evolves under a wide range of conditions, making cooperation “instinctive.” We make testable predictions about individual and group behavior.
Selective lowering of synapsins induced by oligomeric α-synuclein exacerbates memory deficits
Authors: Larson Megan E. , Greimel Susan J. , Amar Fatou , LaCroix Michael , Boyle Gabriel , Sherman Mathew A. , Schley Hallie , Miel Camille , Schneider Julie A. , Kayed Rakez , Benfenati Fabio , Lee Michael K. , Bennett David A. , Lesné Sylvain E. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia affecting an estimated 5.3 million Americans based on the 2015 Report of the Alzheimer Association. Our current understanding of the pathogenesis of AD suggests that soluble, nonfibrillar forms of amyloid proteins [e.g. amyloid-β, tau, and α-synuclein (αSyn)] may be responsible for impairing cognition and have therefore been advanced to be the most bioactive species in this brain disorder. We sought to determine the potential contribution of αSyn oligomers to AD-associated cognitive decline. We found that selective αSyn oligomers are elevated in AD brains and that genetically elevating oligomeric αSyn in an AD mouse model led to a selective decrease in presynaptic proteins and cognitive performance.