bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient and Practical Thiocyanation of Imidazopyridines Using an N‐Chlorosuccinimide/NaSCN Combination.
Authors: Zhang Hailei , Wei Qian , Wei Shiqiang , Qu Jingping , Wang Baomin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA direct C—H thiocyanation of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines and a practical sequential one‐pot condensation/C—H thiocyanation process lead to 3‐thiocyanatoimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual 1,2‐Acyl Rearrangement Accompanying Ring Expansion Reaction of Alkaloid Cotarnine under the Action of α‐Haloketones: A New Route to 5‐Acyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐3‐benzazepine Moiety.
Authors: Zubenko Alexander A. , Kartsev Viktor G. , Morkovnik Anatolii S. , Divaeva Ludmila N. , Suponitsky Kyrill Yu. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTreatment of title alkaloid (I) with α‐haloketones under conditions A) takes place with a concomitant 1,2‐acyl rearrangement to produce ring systems of type (III)/(VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Decarbonylative Borylation of Amides: Evidence for Acyl C—N Bond Activation.
Authors: Hu Jiefeng , Zhao Yue , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Yemin , Shi Zhuangzhi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA nickel/N‐heterocyclic carbene catalytic system is established for decarbonylative borylation of amides with Bnep2 by C—N bond activation.
ChemInform Abstract: Aurovertin‐Type Polyketides from Calcarisporium arbuscula with Potent Cytotoxic Activities Against Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer.
Authors: Zhao Hong , Wu Rui , Ma Lie‐Feng , Wo Li‐Ke , Hu Yuan‐Yuan , Chen Chao , Zhan Zha‐Jun 
Published: November 2016

Abstractisolation, structure and cytotoxicity of two new polyene polyketides, namely aurovertin T (I) and U (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis, Biological Evaluation of Dendrodolides A—D and Their Analogues.
Authors: Poornima B. , Venkanna A. , Swetha B. , Kamireddy Karthik Reddy , Siva Bandi , Phani Babu V. S. , Ummanni Ramesh , Babu K. Suresh 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA concise total synthesis of dendrodolides A—D (Ia)‐(Id) is achieved in 10 steps starting from (R)‐propylene oxide and 3‐buten‐1‐ol utilizing Jacobsen hydrolytic kinetic resolution, epoxide opening with 2‐allyl‐1,3‐dithiane, Yamaguchi esterification, and ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) as the key steps.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of Ca2Ga2SiO7:Eu3+ Red Phosphors with an Intense 5D0→7F4 Transition.
Authors: Behrh Gaganpreet Kaur , Gautier Romain , Latouche Camille , Jobic Stephane , Serier‐Brault Helene 
Published: November 2016

AbstractNew red emitting title phosphors with different Eu3+ contents are prepared by solid state reaction of CaCO3, Ga2O3, SiO2, and Eu2O3 (air, 1350 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Pyridine and Related Ligands in Transition Metal Homogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Zafar M. N. , Atif A. H. , Nazar M. F. , Sumrra S. H. , Gul‐E‐Saba Gul‐E‐Saba , Paracha R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractReview: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Graphene‐Based Materials for Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Lin Xiao‐Feng , Zhang Zi‐Yan , Yuan Zhong‐Ke , Li Jing , Xiao Xiao‐Fen , Hong Wei , Chen Xu‐Dong , Yu Ding‐Shan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractReview: 74 refs.
Effect of Pre‐operative Anaemia on Post‐operative Complications in Low‐Resource Settings
Authors: White Michelle C. , Longstaff Lydia , Lai Peggy S. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundIn high‐resource settings, even mild anaemia is associated with an increased risk of post‐operative complications. Whether this is true in low‐resource settings is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of anaemia on surgical outcomes in the Republic of Congo and Madagascar.MethodIt is a retrospective chart review of 2064 non‐pregnant patients undergoing elective surgery with Mercy Ships. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between pre‐operative anaemia and pre‐defined surgical complications, adjusted for age, gender, surgical specialty, and country.ResultsThe average age of patients was 27.2 years; 56.7% were male. Sixty‐two percent of patients were not anaemic, and 22.7, 13.9 and 1.4% met sex‐related criteria for mild, moderate and severe anaemia, respectively. In adjusted analyses, the severe anaemia group had an 8.58 [3.65, 19.49] higher odds of experiencing any surgical complication (p < 0.001) compared to non‐anaemic patients. Analysis of each complication showed a 33.13 [9.57, 110.39] higher odds of unexpected ICU admission (p < 0.001); a 7.29 [1.98, 21.45] higher odds of surgical site infection (p < 0.001); and 7.48 [1.79, 25.78] higher odds of requiring hospital readmission (p < 0.001). Evaluating other anaemia categories, only those with moderate anaemia had a higher risk of requiring ICU admission (odds ratio 2.75 [1.00, 7.04], p = 0.04) compared to those without anaemia.ConclusionOur results indicate that in low‐income settings, severe anaemia is associated with an increased risk of post‐operative complications including unexpected ICU admission, surgical site infection and hospital readmission, whereas mild anaemia was not associated with increased post‐operative complications.
Patient Survival After Simultaneous ALPPS and Colorectal Resection
Authors: Wanis Kerollos Nashat , Buac Suzana , Linecker Michael , Ardiles Victoria , Tun‐Abraham Mauro Enrique , Robles‐Campos Ricardo , Malago Massimo , de Santibañes Eduardo , Clavien Pierre‐Alain , Hernandez‐Alejandro Roberto 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundLiver resection combined with colorectal surgery (CRS) is the only curative option in many patients presenting with synchronous colorectal cancer and liver metastases (CRLM). Simultaneous resection has been shown to offer benefits in patients with low hepatic tumor load; however, in the setting of in situ colorectal tumor with extensive CRLM and a small predicted future liver remnant (FLR), the use of simultaneous ALPPS and CRS is controversial, lacking outcome data.MethodsThirty‐one cases of simultaneous ALPPS and CRS prospectively entered into the International ALPPS Registry were examined. Univariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with 90‐day mortality after stage‐2.ResultsThirty patients (97%) completed both stages. CRS was performed during stage‐1 in 22 patients (73%). Seven patients (23%) had severe complications (Clavien‐Dindo ≥ IIIb) following stage‐2 ALPPS. The 90‐day mortality rate was 15%. Patients who had a severe complication after stage‐1 were significantly more likely to have 90‐day mortality following stage‐2 (p = 0.002). MELD score > 10 on postoperative day‐5 after stage‐1 was also significantly associated with 90‐day mortality (p = 0.011). Disease‐free survival and overall survival were 36% and 76% at 1 year, respectively.ConclusionsIn light of the high mortality and poor long‐term survival identified in this series, the adoption of ALPPS with CRS cannot be recommended without further data. Patients who suffer severe complications or have an elevated MELD score after stage‐1 are at higher risk of mortality following stage‐2.
Developmental synchrony in multivoltine insects: generation separation versus smearing
Authors: Bjørnstad Ottar N. , Nelson William A. , Tobin Patrick C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMany insect species undergo multiple generations each year. They are found across biomes that vary in their strength of seasonality and, depending on location and species, can display a wide range of population dynamics. Some species exhibit cycles with distinct generations (developmental synchrony/generation separation), some exhibit overlapping generations with multiple life stages present simultaneously (generation smearing), while others have intermediate dynamics with early season separation followed by late season smearing. There are two main hypotheses to explain these dynamics. The first is the ‘seasonal disturbance’ hypothesis where winter synchronizes the developmental clock among individuals, which causes transient generation separation early in the season that erodes through the summer. The second is the ‘temperature destabilization’ hypothesis where warm temperatures during the summer cause population dynamics to become unstable giving rise to single generation cycles. Both hypotheses are supported by detailed mathematical theory incorporating mechanisms that are likely to drive dynamics in nature. In this review, we synthesize the theory and propose a conceptual framework—where each mechanism may be seen as an independent axis shaping the developmental (a)synchrony—that allows us to predict dynamic patterns from insect life‐history characteristics. High fecundity, short adult life‐span and strong seasonality enhance synchrony, while developmental plasticity and environmental heterogeneity erode synchrony. We further review current mathematical and statistical tools to study multi‐generational dynamics and illustrate using case studies of multivoltine tortrix moths. By integrating two disparate bodies of theory, we articulate a deep connection among temperature, stability, developmental synchrony and inter‐generational dynamics of multivoltine insects that is missing in current literature.
Ionic Behavior Assessment of Surface‐Active Compounds from Corn Steep Liquor by Exchange Resins
Authors: Rodríguez‐López L. , Rincón‐Fontán M. , Vecino X. , Cruz J. M. , Moldes A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDepending on their ionic nature, biosurfactants can be classified as nonionic, anionic, cationic, or amphoteric. The ionic behavior of biosurfactants is an important characteristic that dictates their use in industrial applications. In this work, a biosurfactant extract obtained from corn steep liquor was subjected to anionic or cationic resins, in order to study the ionic behavior under different operational conditions using response surface methodology. The independent variables included in the study are the dilution of biosurfactant solution, the amount of cationic or anionic resin, and the extraction time, whereas the dependent variables studied consisted of the surface tension of biosurfactant aqueous solution, after contacting with anionic or cationic resin. The results showed that biosurfactant extracted from corn steep liquor is amphoteric, since both resins were able to entrap this biosurfactant, making it particularly suited for use in personal care preparations for sensitive skin.
Synergisms in Binary Mixtures of Anionic and pH‐Insensitive Zwitterionic Surfactants and Their Precipitation Behavior with Calcium Ions
Authors: Maneedaeng Atthaphon , Flood Adrian E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis work aims to investigate synergy in anionic and zwitterionic surfactant mixtures, as they result in better interfacial properties and micellization behavior. Various mixtures of the pH‐insensitive zwitterionic surfactant 3‐(decyldimethylammonio) propanesulfonate (Zwittergent 3–10) and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) were prepared in aqueous solution at a range of pH values between 2 and 13. The thermodynamic parameters during mixed surfactant adsorption at the air/water interface are obtained and the results show the mixed surfactant systems having superior properties to the constituent surfactants. Experimentally, the mixed surfactant solutions clearly improve the surface activities by lowering the critical micelle concentration (CMC) and lowering the surface tension at the air/water interface. The synergisms are investigated through the interaction parameters estimated from regular solution theory that is used to quantitatively describe the nonideality of surfactant mixtures. High negative interaction parameters are obtained from these surfactant mixtures. Experimental precipitation phase boundaries of SDS in the presence of CaCl2 were also investigated in mixtures containing pH‐insensitive zwitterionic surfactant at different pH levels from 2 to 13 and SDS mole fractions of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00. Changes in the precipitation phase boundaries are due to the changes in the speciation or activities of the major components both below and above the CMC. As a result, the precipitation phase boundaries are pH dependent. In addition, mixed micellization and counterion binding to the micelle also change the precipitation phase boundary above the CMC. The activity‐based solubility product of calcium dodecylsulfate is also determined from the precipitation phase boundaries below the CMC. X‐ray diffraction patterns and SEM images confirm that only calcium dodecylsulfate precipitates in the soap scum for all pH and surfactant compositions studied.
Assessing EU perception in Kazakhstan's mass media
Authors: Ospanova Bakyt , Sadri Houman A. , Yelmurzayeva Raushan 
Published: November 2016

This paper explores the mass media perception of the European Union (EU) in Kazakhstan by utilizing the content analysis of the major mass media outlets. The authors examine news reports and periodical articles from four major national Kazakh newspapers using three measurement points. The first measurement point covers the early 1990s when Kazakhstan declared independence and began to establish its foreign relations. The second measurement point covers the periods before and after introduction of the EU Strategy for Central Asia (2006–2008). The third measurement point covers the years (2011–2013) associated with implementation with the EU Strategy and assessing its results. Our main findings suggest that Kazakhstan's mass media positively perceives the role of the EU in the region. Moreover, they tend to portray the EU mainly as an economic powerhouse. Our findings support some suggestions by similar studies of the EU's external perception.
Soleus Muscle Herniation With Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasound Correlation in a Female Long‐Distance Runner: A Case Report
Authors: Cormier David J. , Gellhorn Alfred C. , Singh Jaspal R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis is a case of a 40‐year‐old female endurance athlete with right leg pain while running. A comprehensive workup revealed a fascial defect with soleus muscle herniation. Although historically in many practice settings magnetic resonance imaging is the diagnostic imaging modality of choice for suspected muscle herniation through the fascia, the use of ultrasound is increasing because of lower cost, ease of access, and dynamic evaluation. To the authors' knowledge, there has not been a direct comparison between the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging versus ultrasound in determining the size or location of a soleus muscle herniation.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Methods for accurate measurements of small fixed wing UAV inertial properties
Authors: Lehmkühler K. , Wong K.C. , Verstraete D. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTTwo methods have been compared for the determination of the inertial properties of a small, fixed-wing un-manned aerial vehicle. The first method uses the standard single degree of freedom pendulum method and the second method implements a novel, potentially easier, 3 degrees of freedom pendulum method, which yields the entire inertia tensor from a single swing test. Both methods are using system identification of the pendulum motion to estimate the inertial properties. Substantial corrections (up to 25%) have to be applied to the experimental results. These corrections are caused by the acceleration of the pendulum being immersed in the surrounding air, also called the added mass effect. It has been found that the methods presented in literature to determine the corrections for full-scale aircraft do not give the correct results for the small-scale un-manned aerial vehicle under consideration. The only feasible, cost-effective method to generate these corrections utilise swing tests with a geometrically similar object of known inertial properties. It has also been found that the corrections are unique with respect to the experimental methods. Several benchmarking methods, including the innovative use of static and dynamic wind-tunnel test data, give high confidence in the results.
The High Cost of Transferring the Dream
Authors: Brooks Kim 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Cases might be valuable for more than the legal lessons they offer. This paper argues that cases present an archive of evidence that can help us reason backward to better understand the fissures in the ways humans interact and how our social, political, and economic systems generate tensions in their lives. More specifically, the paper looks through a small window into the lives of the people who find themselves caught between our collective and individual expenditure aspirations. It explores the circumstances in which individuals find that their outstanding tax debts pose a threat to their ability to maintain ownership of their home.
Investigating genetic characteristics of hepatitis B virus-associated and -non-associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: FU XI-HUA , LI MIN , LOU HAI-BO , HUANG MING-SHOU , LIU CHUN-LONG 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackground:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver malignancy that mainly occurs in patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Risk factors for HCC include hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the specific role of HBV infection in HCC development is not yet completely understood. In order to reveal the effects of HBV on HCC, we compare the genes of HCC patients infected with HBV with those who are not infected.Methods:We encoded the genes of these two types of HCC in databases using enrichment scores of Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway terms. A random forest algorithm was employed in order to distinguish these two types in the classifier, and a series of feature selection approaches was used in order to select their optimal features. Novel HBV-associated and -non-associated HCC genes were predicted, respectively, based on their optimal features in the classifier. A shortest-path algorithm was also employed in order to find all of the shortest-paths genes connecting the known related genes.Results:A total of 54 different features between HBV-associated and -non-associated HCC genes were identified. In total, 1236 and 881 novel related genes were predicted for HBV-associated and -non-associated HCC, respectively. By integrating the predicted genes and shortest path genes in their gene interaction network, we identified 679 common genes involved in the two types of HCC.Conclusion:We identified the significantly different genetic features between two types of HCC. We also predicted related genes for the two types based on their specific features. Finally, we determined the common genes and features that were involved in both of these two types of HCC.
CHANGES IN SEX RATIO AT BIRTH IN CHINA: A DECOMPOSITION BY BIRTH ORDER
Authors: Jiang Quanbao , Yu Qun , Yang Shucai , Sánchez-Barricarte Jesús J. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe long-term high sex ratio at birth (SRB) is a serious issue in China. In this study, changes in SRB were decomposed into variations in SRB by birth order and compositional changes in female births by birth order. With SRB data from China’s surveys and censuses, and SRB data from South Korea’s vital registration and censuses from 1980–2015, the trend and decomposition results in SRB were compared between China and South Korea, and the decomposition results for urban and rural SRBs, and for provinces, are presented. In both China and South Korea the rise in the SRB was driven by a rise in the SRB at all birth orders, which was only partly counteracted by the change in the distribution of births by order. The overall rise in the SRB ended when there was a decline in the SRB at second birth or above in South Korea. In China the total effect of variations in SRB of all birth orders increased more for the rural population than for the urban population before 2000, resulting in a higher total SRB for rural than urban population. After 2000, the total effect of variations in SRB of all birth orders lowered the total SRB for the rural population, whereas the effect of compositional change increased the total SRB, leading to a very slight rise in the total SRB for the rural population. At the province level, there was no spatial autocorrelation for the changes in total SRB by province, the total effect of variations in SRB of all birth orders or the effect of compositional change. The effect of variations in SRB by birth order accounted for the majority of changes in total SRB in most provinces.
The transmissibility estimation of influenza with early stage data of small-scale outbreaks in Changsha, China, 2005–2013
Authors: CHEN T. M. , CHEN Q. P. , LIU R. C. , SZOT A. , CHEN S. L. , ZHAO J. , ZHOU S. S. 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYHundreds of small-scale influenza outbreaks in schools are reported in mainland China every year, leading to a heavy disease burden which seriously impacts the operation of affected schools. Knowing the transmissibility of each outbreak in the early stage has become a major concern for public health policy-makers and primary healthcare providers. In this study, we collected all the small-scale outbreaks in Changsha (a large city in south central China with ~7·04 million population) from January 2005 to December 2013. Four simple and popularly used models were employed to calculate the reproduction number (R) of these outbreaks. Given that the duration of a generation interval Tc = 2·7 and the standard deviation (s.d.)σ = 1·1, the mean R estimated by an epidemic model, normal distribution and delta distribution were 2·51 (s.d. = 0·73), 4·11 (s.d. = 2·20) and 5·88 (s.d. = 5·00), respectively. When Tc = 2·9 and σ = 1·4, the mean R estimated by the three models were 2·62 (s.d. = 0·78), 4·72 (s.d. = 2·82) and 6·86 (s.d. = 6·34), respectively. The mean R estimated by gamma distribution was 4·32 (s.d. = 2·47). We found that the values of R in small-scale outbreaks in schools were higher than in large-scale outbreaks in a neighbourhood, city or province. Normal distribution, delta distribution, and gamma distribution models seem to more easily overestimate the R of influenza outbreaks compared to the epidemic model.
Intra-arterial calcifications in the recipient twin in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
Authors: Zaidi Syed Javed H. , Gandhi Rupali , Siddiqui Saad 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPulmonary artery, and rarely aortic, calcifications have been reported in sporadic case reports in the recipient twin of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. This presentation is more likely to be secondary to the haemodynamic alterations in the recipient twin, but must be differentiated from idiopathic infantile arterial calcification as the clinical implications, treatment, and prognosis may be drastically different.