bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Toll-Like Receptors: Targeting Therapeutics for Respiratory Tract Infections and Inflammatory Disorders
Authors: Pandey Vishal , Sen Debasis , Rathee Sunny , Soni Sakshi , Mishra Shashank , Jain Sanjay K. , Patil Umesh K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
The Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) family has significantly enhanced the understanding of
innate immune responses by identifying and responding to various microbes or host-derived organisms.
TLRs contribute to these responses by increasing the levels of cytokines, interleukins,
and other inflammatory mediators through multiple pathways. Located both intracellularly and on
the surface of various cells and tissues, including vascular smooth muscles (VSMs) and myocardium
cells, TLRs play distinct roles in innate immune activation, such as recognizing pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activating downstream signaling pathways. In the context
of COVID-19, TLRs are critically involved in the pathophysiology by mediating excessive inflammatory
responses that exacerbate disease severity, influencing both the acute phase and long-term
outcomes. It has been observed that inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, viral myocarditis,
and other comorbidities associated with the spread of COVID-19 have increased, although the
exact mechanisms remain not fully understood. Nonetheless, there is evidence of TLR-mediated
increased pro-inflammatory signaling by different mechanisms in these diseases. This review explains
the role of TLRs in various inflammatory diseases related to COVID-19, including viral myocarditis,
acute lung infections, and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the review discusses various herbal
drugs, such as Platycodon grandiflorum, Acanthopanax senticosus, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,
and Engelhardia roxburghiana, and their mechanisms of action on TLRs, including NF-κB,
MyD88-dependent, MyD88-independent pathways, and Plasmacytoid DCs. Enhanced clarity on
TLRs' specific contributions to COVID-19 pathophysiology and stronger evidence supporting herbal
interventions targeting TLRs could improve the impact and applicability of these findings in
clinical settings.
Growth Promotion and In vitro Seed Germination of Lycium barbarum L. (Red Goji) Using Different Types of Cytokinins
Authors: Azmi Ainun Fazdilah , Osman Nurul Izzati 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Lycium barbarum L., commonly known as red goji berry, is a widely rec-ognized plant-based medicinal herb with nutritional and therapeutic properties. In this study, the effects of various cytokinins on the germination of L. barbarum seeds and the growth of seedlings were investigated under in vitro conditions.

Methods:
The berries were first surface sterilized and dissected, and the seeds were then cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg/L) of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), thidiazuron (TDZ), and kinetin (KIN) for 10 weeks at 25±2ºC with a photoperiod of 16 hours and a light intensity of 1000 lux. Upon observation after 10 weeks of culture, all cytokinin-treated cultures produced 100% seed germination as early as 7 days. KIN at 0.5 mg/L produced plantlets with the greatest height (8.40 ± 0.97 cm) with extensive rooting and the greatest total chlorophyll production. Besides, KIN at 1.5 mg/L resulted in the highest num-ber of leaves per plantlet (6.90 ± 0.72), while 1.0 mg/L of TDZ led to the greatest biomass, i.e., fresh weight (FW) of 0.328 ± 0.05 gram and dry weight (DW) of 0.023 ± 0.003 gram.

Results:
All cytokinins used in this experiment (BAP, TDZ, and KIN) promoted different in vitro growth promotion responses in L. barbarum. The effects of different types and concentrations of cytokinin on the height of plantlets, number of leaves per plantlet, fresh and dry weight, the extent of rooting, and the chlorophyll content were demonstrated to be statistically significant.

Conclusion:
This study provides valuable insights into optimizing in vitro cultivation techniques for goji berry propagation, which could contribute to developing superior cultivars and increased production of this superfruit in the future. For future perspectives, extended research in elucidating the underlying mechanism associated with cytokinin supplementation is imperative to understand-ing the roles of cytokinins and optimizing their effects on plant growth promotion.
Secured Fog-Body-Torrent : A Hybrid Symmetric Cryptography with Multi-layer Feed Forward Networks Tuned Chaotic Maps for Physiological Data Transmission in Fog-BAN Environment
Authors: S Parvathy , A Packialatha 
Published: October 2024

Recently, the Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) have become a promising and practical option in the tele-care medicine information system that aids for the better clinical monitoring and diagnosis. The trend of using Internet of Things (IoT) has propelled the WBAN technology to new dimension in terms of its network characteristics and efficient data transmission. However, these networks demand the strong authentication protocol to enhance the confidentiality, integrity, recoverability and dependability against the emerging cyber-physical attacks owing to the exposure of the IoT ecosystem and the confidentiality of biometric data. Hence this study proposes the Fog based WBAN infrastructure which incorporates the hybrid symmetric cryptography schemes with the chaotic maps and feed forward networks to achieve the physiological data info security without consuming the characteristics of power hungry WBAN devices. In the proposed model, scroll chaotic maps are iterated to produce the high dynamic keys streams for the real time applications and feed-forward layers are leveraged to align the complex input-output associations of cipher data for subsequent mathematical tasks. The feed forward layers are constructed which relies on the principle of Adaptive Extreme Learning Machines (AELM) thereby increasing randomness in the cipher keys thereby increasing its defensive nature against the different cyber-physical attacks and ensuring the high secured encrypted-decrypted data communication between the users and fog nodes. The real time analysis is conducted during live scenarios. BAN-IoT test beds interfaced with the heterogeneous healthcare sensors and various security metrics are analysed and compared with the various residing cryptographic algorithms. Results demonstrates that the recommended methodology has exhibited the high randomness characteristics and low computational overhead compared with the other traditional BAN oriented cryptography protocol schemes
Examining the Mathematica algorithm for general Heun function calculation: a comparative analysis
Authors: Droghei Riccardo , Cesarano Clemente , Ishkhanyan Artur 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We investigate the numerical calculation of the general Heun equation using Wolfram Mathematica’s functions, comparing the numerical solutions with hypergeometric and explicit solutions. This exploration sheds light on the efficacy and accuracy of the numerical algorithm implemented in Mathematica for computing Heun functions.
Tempered fractional differential equations on hyperbolic space
Authors: Garra Roberto , Orsingher Enzo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper we study linear fractional differential equations involving tempered Caputo-type derivatives in the hyperbolic space. We consider in detail the three-dimensional case for its simple and useful structure. We also discuss the probabilistic meaning of our results in relation to the distribution of an hyperbolic Brownian motion time-changed with the inverse of a tempered stable subordinator. The generalization to an arbitrary dimension n can be easily obtained. We also show that it is possible to construct a particular solution for the non-linear porous-medium type tempered equation by using elementary functions.
Unveiling the Variation in Corporate Tax Base Distribution Under the Formulary Apportionment
Authors: Mlčúchová Markéta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper reflects the tabled novel framework for corporate taxation in the European Union, founded on the Formulary Apportionment methodology and envisaged inclusion of intangible assets in the allocation formula. The objective is to simulate the variation between the currently used Separate Accounting and tabled Formulary Apportionment distribution of corporate tax base of companies active in the European Union. This paper exploits secondary microeconomic panel data obtained from the Orbis database for 77,087 subsidiaries affiliated with 2,283 parent companies observed from 2011 to 2019. The results reveal that the most significant relative declines of over 15% in the corporate tax base would be faced by Luxembourg, Malta, Cyprus, the Netherlands, and Ireland. In contrast, the biggest relative gains were accounted for Greece, Romania, Hungary, Estonia, and Latvia. If cross-border consolidation of losses is incorporated in the envisaged corporate tax framework, the EU-wide aggregate tax base reduces by 15, 67% over the examined years.
Deconcentration strategies as tools for preventing gentrification as perceived by residents of tourism destinations
Authors: Niezgoda Agnieszka , Żemła Michał 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The issue of residents' attitudes is essential in the context of phenomena such as overtourism, tourismphobia, gentrification, and touristification at destinations. An important operation is the management of tourism flows (deconcentration strategies) to counteract negative phenomena. The purpose of this article is to assess the attitudes of residents of destinations of different sizes toward the activities of local government in regulating tourist traffic, which are understood as deconcentration strategies.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative research method using the focus group interview method (focus study) was applied. The survey was conducted with six groups of respondents from cities experiencing the effects of overtourism and small towns and villages where these effects are not apparent.

Findings
The survey showed that not all residents of large and well-known cities (Krakow and Tricity) and smaller towns are optimistic about the deconcentration strategy. In particular, residents of areas outside the centers of large cities do not want the dispersion of tourists.

Practical implications
There is a fundamental conclusion to be drawn about the need for sustainable management, in which citizens are active players at the planning level.

Social implications
This study has shown the need for public consultation before introducing deconcentration strategies, as residents of large well-known cities and smaller towns are not always favorably disposed toward the tourism management solutions implemented by local authorities.

Originality/value
Despite managing tourism and teasing out deconcentration strategies, the effectiveness of these measures is an emerging fundamental problem, particularly regarding the perceptions of residents.
„… sie seÿ nicht from.“ – Das Böse in den Hexenprozessen des Schäßburger Stuhls im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert
Authors: Bándi András 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
There has been no in-depth research into witches and witchcraft trials on Transylvanian Fundus regius for over 50 years. The most recent contributions on the subject either examined the language of the relatively abundant surviving witness testimonies or were content with putting the Transylvanian witchcraft trials in the European mainstream context of the modern era. This paper analyses the published documents of the witchcraft trials of the Sighișoara Seat from the point of view of “dealing” with evil. Starting from the mentality and the state of the theological debate of the time, it focuses on the historical context and the social environment in order to recognize attitudes and strategies of the actors in the process of dealing with evil within the local community.
Evaluation Proposal for School Teaching and Learning
Authors: Costa Bruna Fernanda Nóbrega da , Mariano Erich de Freitas 
Published: October 2024

Objective: This work aims to present a proposal for an evaluation method, entitled: Cycle of Autonomous Learning Evaluation (Caaa).

Theoretical Framework: The use of assessment instruments in schools as a genuine assessment and the low level of student learning in Brazil exposes the emerging need to rethink the assessment practices that are carried out, since in order to raise their learning to a higher and better quality, it is essential to qualify the means that give access to it.

Method: In order to construct this study, we immersed ourselves in educational theory relating to learning assessment in the school context and active teaching practices, as well as in the documents that underpin Brazilian education and what they guide in terms of learning assessment.

Results and Discussion: The studies carried out resulted in the development of the assessment method: Cycle of Autonomous Assessment of Learning (Caaa).

Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the Cycle of Autonomous Assessment for Learning (Caaa) can be applied or influence practices in the field of education.

Originality/Value: This work contributes to the development of the praxis of school learning assessment in Brazil.
Impact of Internal Control in the Management of Payments to Suppliers of Construction Companies
Authors: Cueva Martha Alexandra Padilla , Gamio Lourdes Candelaria Moreno , Carranza Julio Enrique Haro , Velásquez Martín Felipe Castro , Gamio Analucia del Rosario Moreno , Vargas Gustavo Andrés Haro 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Determine to what extent internal control affects the management of payment to construction company suppliers.

Theoretical Framework: Focuses on the importance of streamlining and avoiding delays in payment to suppliers through improving internal control in construction companies, based on COSO 2013 and the theory of Arthur Holmes.

Method: A quantitative study of causal correlation type was carried out in a population of less than 50 individuals (38), so that we worked with a list of 38 workers related to the tax management of construction companies, given the small population, all of them. people were included in the study.

Results and Discussion: The results obtained reveal a heterogeneous perception of internal control among the workers involved. A minority of consumers (5.3%) value it positively, while a slightly larger group (10.5%) consider it negative. Regarding the management of payment to testers, 73.7% of the participants rated it as regular. These findings suggest the existence of areas of opportunity in the implementation of internal controls, particularly in relation to payment processes.

Research Implications: The results of this research highlight the importance of strengthening internal control systems in construction companies, especially with regard to the management of payments to suppliers. Given the dependence of these companies on their suppliers for the acquisition of supplies and services, efficient payment management is a key factor for the success of their projects.

Originality: It presents a point of view on the role of construction companies in building efficient payment to suppliers through internal control.

Conclusion: Internal control has a significant impact (80.2%) on the management of payment to suppliers of Construction Companies, which supports the formulated hypothesis of the study. It is necessary to encourage the active participation of employees through a clear understanding of their roles in tax management to achieve supplier payment management with efficiency and commitment.
Looking at the Utility of Rural Pathway Programs in Producing Rural Physicians
Authors: Hamrick Avery Jayci , Clawson Paula 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The shortage of primary care doctors in rural America is on a continual incline, with only about 3% of recent Family Medicine residency graduates expressing interest in rural practice. Medical schools across the country have implemented various programs to attract students to rural medicine, with varying success in their graduates setting up rural practice.
Methods: The UAB Marnix E. Heersink School of Medicine (UABSOM) Huntsville Regional Medical Campus (HRMC) operates a three-part Rural Pathway with college premedical, medical school and Family Medicine residency elements. The residency specialty and first practice locations for students in this path were analyzed from 2004 – 2022.
Results: These pathway elements work together with a current success rate of up to 54% practicing in rural Alabama. For students who participated in all three elements, while the number is small (5) the success rate is high, with 80% now in primary care practice in rural Alabama.
Conclusions: These elements are inexpensive to implement, embrace the often-underrepresented rural student and create physicians to serve rural patients.
RANCANG BANGUN AMMETER DC TIPE NON-DESTRUCTIVE BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER ATMEGA8535 DENGAN SENSOR EFEK HALL ACS712
Authors: Wulandari Dwi Cahyorini , - Wildian 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan rancang-bangun sistem alat ammeter DC tipe non-destructive berbasis mikrokontroler ATmega8535 dengan sensor efek Hall ACS712.Â Ammeter DC tipe non-destructive ini dapat mengindera medan magnetik yang ditimbulkanÂ oleh PCB dan kawat berarus listrik, tanpa harus memutus jalur konduktor yang akan diukur arusnya.Â Sensor yang digunakan memiliki sensitivitas sebesar 0,175 volt/ampere dan tegangan offset sebesar 2,482 V.Â Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa sensor efek Hall ACS712 lebih cocok digunakan untuk pengukuran arus tipe destructive,Â meskipun sensor ini dapat juga digunakan untuk pengukuran arus tipe non-destructive.Kata kunci: Sensor efek Hall ACS712, sensitivitas, ammeter tipe non-destructiveAbstractA nondestructive dc ammeter based on microcontroller ATmega8535 using ACS712 effect Hall sensor has been designed. This ammeter can sense a magnetic field produced by a PCB and current carrying wire, without destructing or cutting-off the wire.Â The sensor used in this research has a sensitivity ofÂ 0,1759 volt/ampere, and an offset of 2.4825 V. The linear correlation coefficient of the destructive dc ammeter is better than of theÂ non-destructive dc ammeter. It indicates that the Hall ACS712 sensor is more compatible for destructive dc ammeter.Key words: ACS712 effect Hall sensor, sensitivity, nondestructive dc ammeter
Third Party Intervention:Strategi Tiongkok di Konflik Sudan Selatan
Authors: Fadhilah Putri Erti 
Published: October 2024

This research explores and details some of the civil conflicts that occurred in South Sudan in 2013 and China strategy to seek a peace process that China has never done before. The intervention carried out by China today in civil conflict in South Sudan is an effort to bring the peace process known as third party intervention. This study adopted from third party intervention Ronald J. Fisher by using the contingency model as a tool to analyze the stages of intervention carried out by China in accordance with the conditions of the conflict that occurred. This study uses qualitative methods with secondary data collection techniques. The findings of this study indicate that China has an important role in the peace process in the civil conflict of South Sudan. China active role can be seen that China has taken several forms of interventions such as negotiation, mediation, power mediation, providing development assistance and special consultations. But China success in pursuing peace in South Sudan is when conflict conditions in the level of destruction of China carry outactions peacekeeping as a form of controlling violence and encouraging arbitration and consultation to realize a ceasefire. China success in pursuing peace is in line with the contingency modelthat offers the type of intervention that is suitable at the intervention stage in such conflict conditions. This shows the effectiveness of the contingency model in offering conflict resolution.
PROSES MORFOLOGI DAN KONSTRUKSI MAKNA LEKSIKON BUDAYA DALAM TRADISI SLAMETAN DI DUSUN BINTINGAN KOTA PASURUAN
Authors: Hermawan Nuri , Anwar Muhammad Badrul 
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini berkaitan dengan tradisi masyarakat Indonesia, terlebih masyarakat Jawa, yang memperingati momen pentingnya melalui tradisi slametan. Hal sama juga dilakukan oleh masyarakat Bintingan, sebuah dusun kecil yang ada di Kota Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Masyarakatnya melakukan sejumlah tradisi slametan untuk memperingati momen penting dalam siklus hidupnya. Menariknya, sejumlah slametan tersebut memunculkan berbagai istilah atau leksikon yang digunakan untuk menamai berbagai hal, termasuk nama masing-masing slametan hingga makanan pengiringnya. Leksikon budaya dalam tradisi slametan yang dihasilkan dari leksem yang bersifat abstrak akan mengalami pergeseran makna dari makna leksem asalnya. Fakta inilah yang kemudian menjadi titik tolak peneliti untuk melakukan sebuah kajian terhadap kemunculan leksikon budaya tersebut. Melalui kajian ini, peneliti bermaksud untuk menemukan berbagai leksikon dan mengkaji proses morfologi serta perubahan makna dari leksikon budaya yang ditemukan sebagai hasil dari proses morfologi. Untuk menjawab tujuan yang hendak dicapai, peneliti menggunakan dua teori utama sebagai pisau analisis. Pertama, teori proses morfologi kata berupa afiksasi, reduplikasi, komposisi, dan derivasi zero yang dikemukakan oleh Ramlan. Kedua, teori segitiga semantik C. K. Ogden dan L. A. Richard yang membahas mengenai simbol, gagasan, dan acuan sebuah leksikon. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data-data leksikon yang didapatkan melalui metode cakap akan dianalisis dengan metode padan. Hasil analisis kemudian dideskripsikan dalam penyajian informal. Setelah pencarian data, peneliti menemukan adanya sepuluh leksikon budaya yang terdapat dalam tradisi slametan Dusun Bintingan. Leksikon-leksikon tersebut terdiri dari nama jenis slametan (mitoni, sepasar, selapan, lungguh tetel, mudun lemah, ter-ater, dan sewelasan) dan nama makanan pengiringnya (jajan pitung werna, jenang sura dan jenang sapar). Proses morfologi leksikon budaya tersebut terdiri dari afiksasi (mitoni dan sewelasan), reduplikasi (ter-ater), dan juga komposisi (jajan pitung werna, sepasar, selapan, lungguh tetel, mudun lemah, jenang sura, dan jenang sapar). Kemudian jika ditinjau dari segitiga semantiknya, maka sepuluh leksikon budaya tersebut menjadi simbol (symbol) yang memiliki makna atau acuannya (referent) sendiri. Hanya saja, makna atau acuan tersebut kemudian mengalami pergeseran makna menjadi sebuah gagasan (reference) sesuai dengan konteks yang dimaksud oleh masyarakat pelaksana, yakni masyarakat Dusun Bintingan.