bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refined Regularity of the Blow-Up Set Linked to Refined Asymptotic Behavior for the Semilinear Heat Equation
Authors: Ghoul Tej-Eddine , Nguyen Van Tien , Zaag Hatem 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We consider

u
⁢

(
x
,
t
)

${u(x,t)}$

, a solution of

∂
t

⁡
u

=

Δ
⁢
u

+

|
u
|

p
-
1

⁢
u

${\partial_{t}u=\Delta u+|u|^{p-1}u}$

which blows up at some time

T
>
0

${T>0}$

, where

u
:

ℝ
N

×

[
0
,
T
)

→
ℝ

${u:\mathbb{R}^{N}\times[0,T)\to\mathbb{R}}$

,

p
>
1

${p>1}$

and

(

N
-
2

)

⁢
p

<

N
+
2

${(N-2)p<N+2}$

. Define

S
⊂

ℝ
N

${S\subset\mathbb{R}^{N}}$

to be the blow-up set of u, that is, the set of all blow-up points. Under suitable non-degeneracy conditions, we show that if S contains an

(

N
-
ℓ

)

${(N-\ell)}$

-dimensional continuum for some

ℓ
∈

{
1
,
…
,

N
-
1

}

${\ell\in\{1,\dots,N-1\}}$

, then S is in fact a

𝒞
2

${\mathcal{C}^{2}}$

manifold. The crucial step is to make a refined study of the asymptotic behavior of u near blow-up. In order to make such a refined study, we have to abandon the explicit profile function as a first-order approximation and take a non-explicit function as a first-order description of the singular behavior. This way we escape logarithmic scales of the variable

(

T
-
t

)

${(T-t)}$

and reach significant small terms in the polynomial order

(

T
-
t

)

μ

${(T-t)^{\mu}}$

for some

μ
>
0

${\mu>0}$

. Knowing the refined asymptotic behavior yields geometric constraints of the blow-up set, leading to more regularity on S.
Examination of the reliability of an inertial sensor-based gait analysis system
Authors: Orlowski Katja , Eckardt Falko , Herold Fabian , Aye Norman , Edelmann-Nusser Jürgen , Witte Kerstin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGait analysis is an important and useful part of the daily therapeutic routine. InvestiGAIT, an inertial sensor-based system, was developed for using in different research projects with a changing number and position of sensors and because commercial systems do not capture the motion of the upper body. The current study is designed to evaluate the reliability of InvestiGAIT consisting of four off-the-shelf inertial sensors and in-house capturing and analysis software. Besides the determination of standard gait parameters, the motion of the upper body (pelvis and spine) can be investigated. Kinematic data of 25 healthy individuals (age: 25.6±3.3 years) were collected using a test-retest design with 1 week between measurement sessions. We calculated different parameters for absolute [e.g. limits of agreement (LoA)] and relative reliability [intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC)]. Our results show excellent ICC values for most of the gait parameters. Midswing height (MH), height difference (HD) of initial contact (IC) and terminal contact (TC) and stride length (SL) are the gait parameters, which did not exhibit acceptable values representing absolute reliability. Moreover, the parameters derived from the motion of the upper body (pelvis and spine) show excellent ICC values or high correlations. Our results indicate that InvestiGAIT is suitable for reliable measurement of almost all the considered gait parameters.
Early mixed hematopoietic chimerism detection by digital droplet PCR in patients undergoing gender-mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Waterhouse Miguel , Pfeifer Dietmar , Follo Marie , Duyster Justus , Schäfer Henning , Bertz Hartmut , Finke Jürgen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground:Clinical decision making after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is partially based on hematopoietic chimerism analysis. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of polymorphic short tandem repeats (STR-PCR) is currently considered the gold standard for chimerism surveillance after transplantation. Nevertheless, this method has shown several limitations. Emerging technologies such as digital PCR (dPCR) has been applied to detect hematopoietic chimerism. Despite previous reports, the clinical usefulness of dPCR is unclear because the studies were performed in limited patient populations with short follow-ups.Methods:In order to compare hematopoietic chimerism detection time and rate, we analyzed 591 samples from 155 patients undergoing gender-mismatched HSCT using STR-PCR and dPCR. We also established the correlation between both methods in artificial DNA mixtures prepared in known proportions and in clinical samples.Results:Depending on the artificial DNA mixture analyzed the correlation coefficient between both methods was 0.9946 and 0.9732. The limit of detection for dPCR was 0.01%. Of 157 samples with donor and recipient DNA, mixed chimerism (MC) was detected solely by dPCR in 66 samples. Within the group of patients relapsing after HSCT (n=32) MC was detected earlier in 15 of these patients with dPCR in comparison with STR-PCR. The mean time from MC detection to relapse was 155 days (range: 13–385 days) and 65 days (range: 0–203 days) for dPCR and STR-PCR, respectively.Conclusions:dPCR is a sensitive and accurate method for the quantification of hematopoietic chimerism allowing earlier MC detection compared to STR-PCR.
Which of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol estimates can be used in children with type 1 diabetes?
Authors: Bugajska Jolanta , Berska Joanna , Mamica Katarzyna , Wachacka Karolina , Sztefko Krystyna 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Background:
One of the strongest risk factors of cardiovascular disease is a high concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); thus, the accurate measurement of LDL-C concentration in children is important. The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of LDL-C measured by direct method and the LDL-C concentration estimated by different formulas with the modified β-quantification method in children with type 1 diabetes.

Methods:
Thirty-one serum samples received from diabetic children (15/18; M/F) and 26 serum samples taken from nondiabetic children (18/14; M/F) were used in the study. LDL-C concentrations were determined by direct enzymatic method (LDL-CD) and the modified β-quantification method (LDL-CmBQ). The concentration of LDL-C was also calculated by different formulas.

Results:
The results of LDL-CmBQ and LDL-CD correlated. However, the correlation coefficient obtain in the nondiabetic samples was much higher (r=0.927; p<0.001) than the correlation coefficient for LDL-CmBQ and LDL-CD concentration obtained in the diabetic samples (r=0.691; p<0.001). Additionally, the coefficients of correlation between the LDL-CmBQ concentration and the LDL-C concentrations calculated by different formulas were lower in diabetic (range: 0.514–0.693) than in nondiabetic samples (range: 0.834–0.937). Bland-Altman plots showed much higher confidence intervals for 95% limits of agreement for the differences between LDL-CmBQ and LDL-CD as well as for the differences between LDL-CmBQ and LDL-C estimated by different formulas for samples from the diabetic samples compared with nondiabetic samples.

Conclusions:
The limitations of methods measurement and of each of the formulas should be taken into account when a medical decision to lower LDL-C is made in the treatment of diabetic children.
Selective solvent evaporation from binary mixtures of water and tetrahydrofuran using a falling film microreactor
Authors: von Bomhard Sibylle , Schelhaas Karl-Peter , Alebrand Sabine , Musyanovych Anna , Maskos Michael , Drese Klaus S. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this work, a falling film micro reactor was investigated regarding its ability to continuously eliminate tetrahydrofuran (THF) out of a THF-water mixture via nitrogen stripping. Mass transfer measurements were performed at different temperatures and flow rates. The residual content of THF in the eluate was quantified with high precision (<0.1%) via density measurements. Remarkably, complete elimination of THF could be achieved for liquid volume flow rates smaller than 2 ml/min and nitrogen volume flow rates larger than 400 ml/min at all three investigated temperatures (55°C, 60°C, and 65°C). In order to assist future design processes of such binary microstripping systems, we further developed a mass transfer model for this separation process extending an existing model for evaporation of a pure liquid. The good agreement of experimental data and calculations in the overall investigated parameter range (≤20%, for gas flow rates below 500 ml/min ≤11%) shows the potential of the model for the prediction of alternative operational parameter settings, e.g. at different THF entrance concentrations.
Travelling Ideologies: A Story of Whiteness
Authors: Cogeanu Oana 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Prompted by the observations of a European scholar in African-American studies living in South-East Asia, this article addresses the ideological value of whiteness with a view to understanding its apparently global aesthetic fascination and societal power. To this purpose, the article traces the European, American and Asian conceptualization and employment of the signs of whiteness. The first section investigates the correlated philosophical and scientific construction of whiteness as a racial signifier in Europe. The second section focuses on social and cultural practices of white vs. black identification and the critique thereof in the United States. The third section highlights the appeal of whiteness as a status signifier in Asia. Whiteness is commonly employed as a sign of superiority, assumed by the self or assigned to the other (within): the article suggests that such power derives from a common mystical symbolism, upheld by philosophy, sanctioned by science, implemented by social policy and marketed by corporations.
Representations of Central and Eastern Europe in Travelogues of Romanian and Polish Public Figures
Authors: Goleşteanu Raluca 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This article proposes a reading of Milica Bakić-Hayden’s concept of “nesting orientalisms” in a wider regional context, by showing some of its first manifestations, as employed one hundred years or so ago. The debut of this phenomenon is part of the nineteenth century trend of traveling to “Eastern Europe,” and of appropriating it as such, in the desire to compete with the previous century, especially with the latter’s attempt of designing the map according to the dichotomy: “enlightened-ignorant peoples.”
Consequently, the adoption of the concept of “Eastern Europe” by western public opinion triggered reactions from the part of the local élites expressed in the establishment of a corpus of texts, which reflect on the nearby geographical area. This effort represented in fact the third stage of the west-east dynamics that accompanied modernization in the region. The texts to be discussed in this article, apart from the century’s blind faith in progress, display the obsession of being “in between,” raising it to a sine qua non condition of the region; their authors often found themselves in difficulties in relation to dilemmas like professional/national identities, local/central loyalties, religious/secular views.
From Woods and Water to the Gran Bazaar: Images of Romania in English Travelogues after WWI
Authors: Sâsâiac Andi 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Although globalization brings different countries and cultures in closer and closer contact, people are still sensitive when it comes to aspects such as cultural specificity or ethnicity. The collapse of communism and the extension of the European Union have determined an increase of interest in Romania’s image, both on the part of foreigners and of Romanians themselves. The purpose of this paper is to follow the development of Romania’s image in English travelogues in the last hundred years, its evolution from a land of “woods and water” in the pre-communist era to a “grand bazaar” in the post-communist one, with clear attempts, in recent years, to re-discover a more idyllic picture of the country, one that should encourage ecological tourism. The article is also intended to illustrate the extra-textual (historical, economic, cultural) factors that have impacted, in different ways, on this image evolution.
Crystal structure of (Z)-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, C15H13NO3
Authors: Radi Smaail , Tighadouini Said , Eddike Driss , Mabkhot Yahia N. , Tillard Monique 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
C15H13NO3, monoclinic, Cc (No. 9), a = 3.9230(3) Å, b = 26.578(2) Å, c = 11.7147(12) Å, β = 94.028(8)°, V = 1218.4(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0387, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0877, T = 173 K.
Textural and morphology changes of mesoporous SBA-15 silica due to introduction of guest phase
Authors: Bulánek Roman , Čičmanec Pavel 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The research focuses on study of guest phase effect on the surface area and pore volume of SBA-15 with the emphasis on elucidation of reasons for these changes. The changes of surface area and pore volume are evident from evaluated N2 adsorption isotherms of VOx-SBA-15 even for samples with relative low content of supported guest phase, which is “atomically” spread on the surface in the form of anchored monomeric vanadyl species. These species cannot block the pore with diameter of 10 nm, nevertheless the presence of such phase causes decrease in adsorbed nitrogen during physisorption. Comparison of guest phase amount with differences in adsorbed amount of nitrogen led to conclusion that each vanadyl complex prevents adsorption of about one or two N2 molecules in the layer and influences two adsorption layers. Significant pore blocking occurs in the VOx-SBA-15 materials only in the case of presence bulk oxide-like nanospecies. Re-structuralization of silica mimicking phase separation phenomena relying on spinodal decomposition of a system was observed by SEM/TEM analysis and adsorption isotherms inspection for materials with high vanadium content.
Bi-layered electrospun nanofibrous polyurethane-gelatin scaffold with targeted heparin release profiles for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Safikhani Mohammad Mahdi , Zamanian Ali , Ghorbani Farnaz , Asefnejad Azadeh , Shahrezaee Mostafa 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Tissue engineering is a biotechnology that is used to develop biological substitutes to restore, maintain, or improve functions. Thus, the porous scaffolds are used to accommodate cells in tissue engineering. In this research, three dimensional (3D) bi-layered polyurethane (PU)-gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds were prepared by the electrospinning method, after which the capability of the released heparin as an anti-coagulation factor was evaluated. Electrospinning has been extensively investigated for the preparation of fibers that exhibit a high surface area to volume ratio. Results showed that scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs exhibited a smooth surface as well as a highly porous and bead-free structure, in which fibers were distributed in the range of 100–600 nm. The modulus and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) decreased and increased, respectively, after crosslinking the reaction of polymers. This process also reduced swelling ratio, the hydrolytic biodegradation rate, and the release rate as a function of time. Moreover, an in vitro assay demonstrated that 3D nanofibrous scaffolds supported L929 fibroblast cell viability and that cells adhered and spread on the fibers. Based on the obtained results, the heparin-loaded electrospinning nanofibrous scaffolds have initial physicochemical and mechanical properties to protect neo-tissue formation.
Multiscale Model for the Dielectric Permittivity
Authors: Pérez-Madrid Agustín , Lapas Luciano C. , Rubí J. Miguel 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe present a generalisation of the Debye relaxation model for the dielectric permittivity in the case in which the global relaxation process is the result of many elementary excitations. The relaxation dynamics is in this case non-Markovian. In the case of many events, for which the central limit theorem holds and Gaussianity as well as the assumption of independency are both plausible, the global relaxation time is given by a log-normal function. The hierarchy of relaxation times leads to a generalised expression of the dielectric permittivity.
Dampened Amphetamine-Stimulated Behavior and Altered Dopamine Transporter Function in the Absence of Brain GDNF
Authors: Kopra Jaakko J. , Panhelainen Anne , af Bjerkén Sara , Porokuokka Lauriina L. , Varendi Kärt , Olfat Soophie , Montonen Heidi , Piepponen T. Petteri , Saarma Mart , Andressoo Jaan-Olle 
Published: January 2017

Midbrain dopamine neuron dysfunction contributes to various psychiatric and neurological diseases, including drug addiction and Parkinson's disease. Because of its well established dopaminotrophic effects, the therapeutic potential of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been studied extensively in various disorders with disturbed dopamine homeostasis. However, the outcomes from preclinical and clinical studies vary, highlighting a need for a better understanding of the physiological role of GDNF on striatal dopaminergic function. Nevertheless, the current lack of appropriate animal models has limited this understanding. Therefore, we have generated novel mouse models to study conditionalGdnfdeletion in the CNS during embryonic development and reduction of striatal GDNF levels in adult mice via AAV-Cre delivery. We found that both of these mice have reduced amphetamine-induced locomotor response and striatal dopamine efflux. Embryonic GDNF deletion in the CNS did not affect striatal dopamine levels or dopamine release, but dopamine reuptake was increased due to increased levels of both total and synaptic membrane-associated dopamine transporters. Collectively, these results suggest that endogenous GDNF plays an important role in regulating the function of dopamine transporters in the striatum.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDelivery of ectopic glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) promotes the function, plasticity, and survival of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, the dysfunction of which contributes to various neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, how the deletion or reduction of GDNF in the CNS affects the function of dopaminergic neurons has remained unknown. Using conditionalGdnfknock-out mice, we found that endogenous GDNF affects striatal dopamine homeostasis and regulates amphetamine-induced behaviors by regulating the level and function of dopamine transporters. These data regarding the physiological role of GDNF are relevant in the context of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases that involve changes in dopamine transporter function.
The Use of Oxytocin to Improve Feeding and Social Skills in Infants With Prader–Willi Syndrome
Authors: Tauber Maïthé , Boulanouar Kader , Diene Gwenaelle , Çabal-Berthoumieu Sophie , Ehlinger Virginie , Fichaux-Bourin Pascale , Molinas Catherine , Faye Sandy , Valette Marion , Pourrinet Jeanne , Cessans Catie , Viaux-Sauvelon Sylvie , Bascoul Céline , Guedeney Antoine , Delhanty Patric , Geenen Vincent , Martens Henri , Muscatelli Françoise , Cohen David , Consoli Angèle , Payoux Pierre , Arnaud Catherine , Salles Jean-Pierre 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) display poor feeding and social skills as infants and fewer hypothalamic oxytocin (OXT)-producing neurons were documented in adults. Animal data demonstrated that early treatment with OXT restores sucking after birth. Our aim is to reproduce these data in infants with PWS.

METHODS:
We conducted a phase 2 escalating dose study of a short course (7 days) of intranasal OXT administration. We enrolled 18 infants with PWS under 6 months old (6 infants in each step) who received 4 IU of OXT either every other day, daily, or twice daily. We investigated the tolerance and the effects on feeding and social skills and changes in circulating ghrelin and brain connectivity by functional MRI.

RESULTS:
No adverse events were reported. No dose effect was observed. Sucking assessed by the Neonatal Oral-Motor Scale was abnormal in all infants at baseline and normalized in 88% after treatment. The scores of Neonatal Oral-Motor Scale and videofluoroscopy of swallowing significantly decreased from 16 to 9 (P &lt; .001) and from 18 to 12.5 (P &lt; .001), respectively. Significant improvements in Clinical Global Impression scale scores, social withdrawal behavior, and mother–infant interactions were observed. We documented a significant increase in acylated ghrelin and connectivity of the right superior orbitofrontal network that correlated with changes in sucking and behavior.

CONCLUSIONS:
OXT is well tolerated in infants with PWS and improves feeding and social skills. These results open perspectives for early treatment in neurodevelopment diseases with feeding problems.
NILAI-NILAI PERDAMAIAN DALAM TEKS WACAN SINDUJOYO BABAD KROMAN GRESIK Values of Peace of Wacan Sindujoyo Babad Kroman Gresik Manuscript
Authors: UDIN MUSTOLEH 
Published: January 2017

<p><em>Par</em><em>a wali, ulama, kyai, dan santri terdahulu, dalam menyampaikan nasehat-nasehat keagamaan, selain menggunakan bahasa lisan juga menggunakan bahasa tulisan (teks). Teks </em>wacan Sindujoyo babad Kroman Gresik <em>merupakan salah satu teks Jawa pesisiran yang digunakan Ki Ageng Tarub untuk mengangkat kisah Sindujoyo dengan bahasa lokal (Jawa). Melalui pendekatan analisis isi, artikel ini menemukan kearifan lokal budaya Jawa yang berisi nilai-nilai perdamaian. Nilai-nilai perdamaian tersebut terdeskripsikan dalam </em>pupuh asmarandana, dhandhanggula, pangkur, durma, sinom, kinanthi, mijil, <em>dan </em>megatruh<em>. Nilai-nilai perdamaian dalam teks tersebut bercerita tentang pentingnya nilai persaudaraan. Nilai persaudaraan tersebut diilustrasikan oleh Kiai Sindujoyo, Iman Sujana, Salam, dan Salim dalam mencapai kesempurnaan hidup yang memiliki visi- misi kesamaan etnis dan ideologis. Temuan lain dari teks ini adalah diceritakan tentang pergulatan politik antara Sunan Amangkurat dan Tumenggung Banyumas. Kiai Sindujoyo ditunjuk Sunan Amangkurat bertindak sebagai duta perdamaian dalam penangkapan Tumenggung Banyumas. Dalam penangkapan tersebut kiai Sindujoyo tidak membawa pasukan perang, tetapi menyamar sebagai santri yang dibantu oleh Iman Sujana, Salam, dan Salim. Dalam istilah Jawa, diplomasi ini dikenal dengan semboyan </em>nglurug tanpa bala, menang tanpa ngasorake<em>.</em></p><p> </p><strong><em>Kata kunci</em></strong><em>: teks wacan Sindujoyo, analisis isi, nilai persaudaraan, perdamaian</em>