bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D-Printed Skull Model for Enhancing Training in External Ventricular Drainage within Medical Education
Authors: Scheidt Katharina , Kropla Fabian , Winkler Dirk , Möbius Robert , Vychopen Martin , Wach Johannes , Güresir Erdem , Grunert Ronny 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: The importance of reducing error rates in invasive procedures has led to the development of teaching phantoms. In collaboration with surgeons and engineers at the University Hospital of Leipzig, a new 3D-printed simulation model for external ventricular drainage was created. This model includes system-relevant components such as the ventricular system, the surrounding brain tissue and the skull bone to be trephined.
Methods: The data required for analysis were extracted from medical images. The phantom consists of three components: the ventricular system, the brain mass, and the skull bone. The bone component was fabricated via 3D printing using a realistic hard polyamide, PA12. The ventricular system was also 3D printed as a hollow structure using a flexible material, Elastic Resin 50A from Formlabs. The brain tissue was modeled via a cast gelatin mold. The cerebrospinal fluid was a water solution.
Results: The system’s initial tests successfully simulated cerebrospinal fluid flow through the tube into the ventricular system. The skull can be trepanned. Additional materials are required at the drilling sites because of chip formation. A more pointed cannula than usual can puncture the ventricular system. With a concentration of 30 g/l, gelatin is a realistic imitation of brain tissue.
Conclusion: All essential components of the skull, brain and ventricle exhibit a degree of realism that has never been achieved before. In terms of its design and reproducibility, the model is exceptionally well suited for training and consolidating methods and procedures as part of a realistic training program for the placement of external ventricular drainage.
An open-source platform for 3D transcranial Ultrasound Localization Microscopy in awake mice
Authors: Chabouh Georges , Denis Louise , Abioui-Mourgues Myriam , Deloges Jean-Baptiste , Battaglia Jacques , Chavignon Arthur , Heiles Baptiste , Pradier Basile , Bodard Sylvain , Vivien Denis , Orset Cyrille , Couture Olivier 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

We present an open-source code for 3D super-resolution ultrasound imaging. Open-3DULM was applied to transcranial imaging in habituated awake mice. Comparative analysis reveals that isoflurane anesthesia induces significant vasodilation and higher cerebral blood flow compared to the awake state. This method could serve as a reference for developing new types of 3D vascular quantifications, particularly emphasizing the importance of awake and 3D imaging for accurate cerebral blood flow measurement in neuroscience research.
Sedimentary organic carbon burial in marine oxic sediments modulated by anticyclonic eddy
Authors: Bao Rui , Xu Gang , Duan Xiaoyong , Che Yangli , Liu Tongya , Jing Zhiyou , Wan Shiming , Chen Bin , Liu Jian , Liu J. Paul , Yin Ping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Anticyclonic eddies (AEs) are a common feature of ocean circulation and play a significant role in influencing the rates of carbon fixation and export. However, the mechanism underlying organic carbon (OC) export and sedimentation modulated by AEs are poorly deciphered. Here, we utilized in-situ observations of dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, pH, and turbidity in the water column and experimental analyses of molecular biomarkers, OC, and iron trioxide in sediments from the East China Sea, to unravel the processes driving OC sedimentation modulated by AE. Our findings reveal that a significant amount of OC is preserved in oxic sediments, influenced by the presence of an anticyclonic eddy. We suggest that the eddy promotes the accumulation of OC along its periphery, and transports OC downward under the pycnocline. The combination of OC with iron trioxide, facilitated by oxidation, impedes the mineralization of OC in sediments. The accumulation of OC in oxic sediment, modulated by anticyclonic eddies, has significant implications for OC burial in mid-latitude oceans on millennial timescales.
The Relationship Between Sleep Deprivation, Cognitive Function, and Academic Performance among Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Basharat Ayesha , Abbas Ayesha , Javed Ayesha , Tabba Khush , Ashraf Danish Ali , Fatima Hurmat 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the intensity of sleep deprivation among medical students, understand its effects on cognitive function, and investigate any relationships it may have with academic achievement.
Methods:
A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted at various medical colleges in Pakistan over 4 months. The sample size of 351 was calculated via OpenEpi software. Data were collected online via a self-generated questionnaire using convenience sampling. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was confirmed with Cronbach’s alpha after a pilot study on 20% of the sample. SPSS 26 was used to analyze the relationships among sleep deprivation, cognitive function, and academic performance using via chi-square test, with significance set at p<0.05.
Results:
Among the 351 medical students, 63.5% reported that more sleep could improve academic outcomes, whereas 8.3% reported poor performance. Over 20% experienced cognitive issues such as forgetfulness, and more than 35% had not experienced major sleep disturbances in the past month. Furthermore, our study revealed weak negative associations between sleep deprivation and both cognitive function and academic performance, with no significant correlation between cognitive function and academic performance.
Conclusion:
Our study revealed weak negative correlations between sleep deprivation and both cognitive function and academic performance, suggesting that poor sleep is only marginally associated with increased cognitive failure and lower self-reported performance. Additionally, no significant link was found between cognitive function and academic performance, indicating that cognitive failure does not have a strong effect on perceived academic success.
Bioinformatics Analysis Screening and Identification of Key Biomarkers and Drug Targets in Human Glioblastoma
Authors: Wang Chunlei , Beylerli Ozal , Gu Yan , Xu Shancai , Ji Zhiyong , Ilyasova Tatiana , Gareev Ilgiz , Chekhonin Vladimir 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Glioblastoma is the most common type of brain cancer, with a prognosis
that is unfortunately poor. Despite considerable progress in the field, the intricate
molecular basis of this cancer remains elusive.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to identify genetic indicators of glioblastoma and reveal the
processes behind its development.

Objective:
The advent and integration of supercomputing technology have led to a significant
advancement in gene expression analysis platforms. Microarray analysis has gained
recognition for its pivotal role in oncology, crucial for the molecular categorization of tumors,
diagnosis, prognosis, stratification of patients, forecasting tumor responses, and pinpointing
new targets for drug discovery. Numerous databases dedicated to cancer research, including
the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, have been established. Identifying
differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key genes deepens our understanding of the initiation
of glioblastoma, potentially unveiling novel markers for diagnosis and prognosis, as well
as targets for the treatment of glioblastoma.

Methods:
This research sought to discover genes implicated in the development and progression
of glioblastoma by analyzing microarray datasets GSE13276, GSE14805, and
GSE109857 from the GEO database. DEGs were identified, and a function enrichment analysis
was performed. Additionally, a protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed,
followed by module analysis using the tools STRING and Cytoscape.

Results:
The analysis yielded 88 DEGs, consisting of 66 upregulated and 22 downregulated
genes. These genes' functions and pathways primarily involved microtubule activity, mitotic
cytokinesis, cerebral cortex development, localization of proteins to the kinetochore, and the
condensation of chromosomes during mitosis. A group of 27 pivotal genes was pinpointed,
with biological process analysis indicating significant enrichment in activities, such as division
of the nucleus during mitosis, cell division, maintaining cohesion between sister chromatids,
segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis, and cytokinesis. The survival analysis
indicated that certain genes, including PCNA clamp-associated factor (PCLAF), ribonucleoside-
diphosphate reductase subunit M2 (RRM2), nucleolar and spindle-associated protein
1 (NUSAP1), and kinesin family member 23 (KIF23), could be instrumental in the development,
invasion, or recurrence of glioblastoma.

Conclusion:
The identification of DEGs and key genes in this study advances our comprehension
of the molecular pathways that contribute to the oncogenesis and progression of
glioblastoma. This research provides valuable insights into potential diagnostic and therapeutic
targets for glioblastoma.
In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds of Vallisneria spiralis L. against Candida albicans
Authors: Waykar Ravindra , Kumarapillai Srinivasakumar 
Published: September 2024

Background
This study focused on the extraction, isolation, characterization, and molecular docking of phytochemicals from Vallisneria spiralis L. to determine its antifungal activity. Natural products and structural analogs have always played an important role in pharmacotherapy, particularly in the treatment of infections and malignancies.

Methods
Vallisneria spiralis L. leaves were pulverized into a fine powder and extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus, and the crude chloroform extract was separated by flash column chromatography. Thin-layer chromatography was used to assess the obtained fractions. Infrared spectra were obtained using a Perkin Elmer spectrometer. NMR spectra were collected using a Bruker spectrometer. Qualitative phytochemical investigations were performed to identify compounds in the extracts. The susceptibility of the test compound to Candida albicans was assessed using disk diffusion. A docking study was conducted to dock the three-dimensional structures of the extracted phytocompounds of Vallisneria spiralis L. into the receptor site of the target proteins using Autodock software. MD simulations were used to study the dynamic behavior, conformational changes, and stability of the proteins using the top three hit chemicals.

Results
These results suggest that Vallisneria spiralis L. extract contains various phytoconstituents, including carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and glycosides. The distinctive functional groups of the extract were identified using a Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to determine the structures of the isolated and purified extracts. The antifungal activity of Vallisneria spiralis L. extract against Candida albicans was found to be significantly stronger at a concentration of 200 mg/mL.

Conclusion
The findings of the study were obtained using in vitro and in silico methods to investigate the antifungal effect of Vallisneria spiralis L., which highlighted it as a potential natural antifungal treatment for Candida infection, which could be further investigated.
Bladder drainage methods for acute urinary retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: patient-preference analysis
Authors: Volnukhin A. I. , Pushkar D. Yu. , Malkhasyan V. A. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Currently, the classical management of acute urinary retention creates a certain discomfort for the patient and leads to explore alternative method of management, such as intermittent catheterization, including focusing on the patient opinions.Objective. To assess the preference of high-risk patients for acute urinary retention relative to bladder drainage in the occurrence of acute urinary retention.Materials & methods. A survey was conducted among 200 ambulatory male patients. All the participants were tested to assess their mental status and ability to perform self-intermittent catheterization before filling out the questionnaire. The questionnaire included questions about the preferred method of bladder drainage for acute urinary retention, as well as factors influencing the patient's choice of self-intermittent catheterization in case of non-recovery. After completing the questionnaire, all the patients were shown a video on self-catheterization and asked to re-take the questionnaire after watching it. This allowed evaluating the impact of the training video on patients' preferences and their confidence in performing self-catheterization.Results. Among the 200 patients, 151 (75.5 %) preferred intermittent catheterization, while 40 (25.5 %) chose an indwelling urinary catheter. Additionally, 152 (76 %) patients opted for intermittent catheterization until the planned surgery, and 48 (24 %) selected a suprapubic catheter. The main factors influencing the patient choice of intermittent catheterization were: the desire to restore bladder function faster (on the first or second day) in 96 (63.2 %) patients; unwillingness to stay in the hospital in 56 (36.8 %); the desire to return to work in 22 (14.5 %); avoiding the use of a suprapubic catheter in 51 (33.5 %). After watching the video, there was a statistically significant change in patients' assessments of their ability to perform self-intermittent catheterization (p < 0.001).Conclusion. The patient's choice of the intermittent catheterization is significantly influenced by the patient self-confidence in the ability to practice self-intermittent catheterization and the demonstration of the video tutorial. Due to the high efficiency and safety of intermittent catheterization, this method should be introduced into clinical practice based on the proposed algorithm.
The peptide regulator Vezusten in the management of overactive bladder syndrome: an efficacy evaluation
Authors: Kovalev G. V. , Labetov I. A. , Shakirova R. R. , Shkarupa D. D. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Overactive bladder (OAB) remains one of the most difficult-to-treat conditions in neurourology. The number of patients seeking help for OAB symptoms does not decrease each year, while a pathogenetic treatment has not yet been developed. This motivates the search for new approaches.Objective. To assess the efficacy of the peptide regulator Vezusten for women with idiopathic OAB based on their health condition and urodynamic assessment of bacterial detrusor overactivity (DO).Materials & methods. A prospective cohort study included 20 patients diagnosed with OAB, which was confirmed by a comprehensive urodynamic study of DO. The patients visited the clinic three times a week. Each patient received ten intramuscular injections of the peptide regulator Vezusten. Within one month after the last injection, the women were given a monitoring voiding diary, a validated Continental Society OAB Symptom Questionnaire, the Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q), and a follow-up urodynamic study (UDS).Results. We obtained statistically significant differences in the following indicators: the number of daily urinations according to the urination diary decreased from 14.0 [13.0; 16.3] to 11.0 [8.8; 12.0] (p < 0,001), patient’s episodes of urge incontinence began to be noted for the first time (p = 0.004). At the same time, the urodynamic maximum cystometric capacity (MCC) increased from 267 [158; 332] to 320 [267; 433] ml. Subjectively, participants noted an improvement in the scores of the OAB questionnaire (OAB-q) — the score decreased from 28 [22; 30] to 19 [14; 24] (p = 0.001), and the number of episodes of nocturia decreased from 4 to 2 (p < 0.001). No side effects from therapy were observed in any of the patients.Conclusion. This study demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in subjective symptoms of OAB in DO-women treated with the peptide regulator Vezusten, but further large placebo-controlled studies are required for confirmation.
Comparing the Output of an Artificial Intelligence Algorithm in Detecting Radiological Signs of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Digital Chest X-Rays and Their Smartphone-Captured Photos of X-Ray Films: Retrospective Study
Authors: Ridhi Smriti , Robert Dennis , Soren Pitamber , Kumar Manish , Pawar Saniya , Reddy Bhargava 
Published: September 2024

Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) based computer-aided detection devices are recommended for screening and triaging of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) using digital chest x-ray (CXR) images (soft copies). Most AI algorithms are trained using input data from digital CXR Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files. There can be scenarios when only digital CXR films (hard copies) are available for interpretation. A smartphone-captured photo of the digital CXR film may be used for AI to process in such a scenario. There is a gap in the literature investigating if there is a significant difference in the performance of AI algorithms when digital CXR DICOM files are used as input for AI to process as opposed to photos of the digital CXR films being used as input.

Objective
The primary objective was to compare the agreement of AI in detecting radiological signs of TB when using DICOM files (denoted as CXRd) as input versus when using smartphone-captured photos of digital CXR films (denoted as CXRp) with human readers.

Methods
Pairs of CXRd and CXRp images were obtained retrospectively from patients screened for TB. AI results were obtained using both the CXRd and CXRp files. The majority consensus on the presence or absence of TB in CXR pairs was obtained from a panel of 3 independent radiologists. The positive and negative percent agreement of AI in detecting radiological signs of TB in CXRd and CXRp were estimated by comparing with the majority consensus. The distribution of AI probability scores was also compared.

Results
A total of 1278 CXR pairs were analyzed. The positive percent agreement of AI was found to be 92.22% (95% CI 89.94-94.12) and 90.75% (95% CI 88.32-92.82), respectively, for CXRd and CXRp images (P=.09). The negative percent agreement of AI was 82.08% (95% CI 78.76-85.07) and 79.23% (95% CI 75.75-82.42), respectively, for CXRd and CXRp images (P=.06). The median of the AI probability score was 0.72 (IQR 0.11-0.97) in CXRd and 0.72 (IQR 0.14-0.96) in CXRp images (P=.75).

Conclusions
We did not observe any statistically significant differences in the output of AI in digital CXRs and photos of digital CXR films.
Examining the Role of AI in Changing the Role of Nurses in Patient Care: Systematic Review
Authors: Al Khatib Inas , Ndiaye Malick 
Published: September 2024

Background
This review investigates the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) use and the role of nurses in patient care. AI exists in health care for clinical decision support, disease management, patient engagement, and operational improvement and will continue to grow in popularity, especially in the nursing field.

Objective
We aim to examine whether AI integration into nursing practice may have led to a change in the role of nurses in patient care.

Methods
To compile pertinent data on AI and nursing and their relationship, we conducted a thorough systematic review literature analysis using secondary data sources, including academic literature from the Scopus database, industry reports, and government publications. A total of 401 resources were reviewed, and 53 sources were ultimately included in the paper, comprising 50 peer-reviewed journal articles, 1 conference proceeding, and 2 reports. To categorize and find patterns in the data, we used thematic analysis to categorize the systematic literature review findings into 3 primary themes and 9 secondary themes. To demonstrate whether a role change existed or was forecasted to exist, case studies of AI applications and examples were also relied on.

Results
The research shows that all health care practitioners will be impacted by the revolutionary technology known as AI. Nurses should be at the forefront of this technology and be empowered throughout the implementation process of any of its tools that may accelerate innovation, improve decision-making, automate and speed up processes, and save overall costs in nursing practice.

Conclusions
This study adds to the existing body of knowledge about the applications of AI in nursing and its consequences in changing the role of nurses in patient care. To further investigate the connection between AI and the role of nurses in patient care, future studies can use quantitative techniques based on recruiting nurses who have been involved in AI tool deployment—whether from a design aspect or operational use—and gathering empirical data for that purpose.
La apariencia del buen derecho en las acciones de inconstitucionalidad y en las controversias constitucionales contra normas generales
Authors: Vázquez Acuña Félix 
Published: September 2024

La “apariencia del buen derecho” es un requisito indispensable para el otorgamiento de la suspensión de normas generales en acciones de inconstitucionalidad y controversias constitucionales, por lo que, si no se cumple, no se debe conceder la medida cautelar. Para ello, la Suprema Corte tendrá que efectuar dos razonamientos: el primero, -general y abstracto-, en el que explique que es posible otorgar la suspensión cuando la norma impugnada provoque o pueda provocar vulneración irreversible de derechos humanos; y, el segundo, -particular y concreto-, donde efectúe la motivación, consistente en las circunstancias practicas del caso sometido a su conocimiento, que le permitan afirmar que se da o se puede dar dicha violación. Ante ello, expresamos la preocupación porque se han dado muchos casos en los cuales no se desarrolla o se lleva a cabo de forma deficiente el segundo razonamiento y, no obstante, se otorga la suspensión de la norma general impugnada. Se cita, como ejemplo importante, que la Corte no efectúa la argumentación, motivación o explicación de las circunstancias que la lleven a afirmar que recibir una percepción igual a la del Presidente de la República, ciento doce mil ciento veintidós pesos mensuales, vulnera o pudiera vulnerar el derecho humano a obtener una remuneración proporcional, adecuada y equitativa, esto es, un salario digno.
The Role of Financial Literacy and Financial Behavior on Student Investment Decisions
Authors: Wijayanti Rahmah Putri , Azizah Elmy Nur , Kurniawan Herwin 
Published: September 2024

This study aims to see how financial literacy and financial behaviour can affect investment decision making for university students. Methods: This study is a quantitative study. Sample determination using purposive sampling method with a total of approximately 200 people. Data collection is using a questionnaire with a Likert scale (1-5). The results of obtaining data from the questionnaire will be analysed using descriptive data analysis techniques and processed using SEM PLS software. Results: the results of the above research state that financial literacy and financial behaviour have a significant effect on investment decisions in college students. The Investment Decision Variable can be explained by Financial Literacy and Financial Behaviour by 51%.