bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous quantification of antofloxacin and its major metabolite in human urine by HPLC–MS/MS, and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Ma Yunsu , Wang Qianru , Zhang Hongwen , Xie Lijun , Chen Juan , Huang Mao , Liu Yun , Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Libin , Sun Luning , Ou Ning 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study presents a high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of antofloxacinin and its main metabolite – N‐demethylated metabolite (N‐DM) – in human urine. Ornidazole was used as the internal standard. This was a clinical urine recovery study, in which 10 healthy Chinese volunteers were intravenously administered a single 200 mg dose of antofloxacin hydrochloride. Compounds were extracted by albumen precipitation, after which samples were isocratically eluted using a Poroshell 120 SB‐C18 column, and were analysed using HPLC–MS/MS under electronic spray ionization positive ion mode. The method was successfully applied in a urine pharmacokinetic study of antofloxacinin, with a detection range of 0.02/0.01 to 200/100 μg/mL (for antofioxacin/N‐DM).The average percentages of antofioxacin/N‐DM measured in urinary excretion frp, 10 volunteers were 54.9 ± 5.7/8.2 ± 2.5% in 120 h duration.
The “red door” controversy—Middlesbrough's asylum seekers and the discursive politics of racism
Authors: Bates David 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article explores some of the ways in which the current refugee “crisis” has played out in the North East of England, with a particular focus on media coverage of asylum in Middlesbrough, the town with the highest proportion of asylum seekers in the country. In January 2016, Middlesbrough made national headlines when it was claimed that the homes of asylum seekers in the town had been made identifiable through the distinctive colour of their houses' front doors, leading to occupants being singled out for violence and abuse. Drawing on critical discourse analysis of national and local newspaper features and online media content, the article examines contrasting constructions of racism, place, and class in the media's coverage of the “red door” controversy. It is argued that even these humanised constructions of asylum seekers draw on discourses that obscure the existence of elite‐driven cultural and institutional racisms that are a defining feature of Britain's asylum process. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does pre‐PCIFFR predict post‐PCI blood flow increase? do we need IMR too?
Authors: Kern Morton J. , Seto Arnold H. 
Published: February 2017

Key Points

This detailed physiologic study found that coronary flow increases in most but not all arteries after successful PCI.
IMR decreases on average after PCI, in contrast with prior studies.
Future studies combining pressure and flow indices will define the role of physiologic assessment beyond FFR in predicting outcomes.
Iron‐Containing SSZ‐39 (AEI) Zeolite: An Active and Stable High‐Temperature NH3‐SCR Catalyst
Authors: Martín Nuria , Vennestrøm Peter N. R. , Thøgersen Joakim R. , Moliner Manuel , Corma Avelino 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe preparation of the iron‐containing SSZ‐39 zeolite is described for the first time through two different synthesis methods: post‐synthetic cation exchange and one‐pot synthesis. The nature and stability of the iron species within the different Fe‐SSZ‐39 materials have been studied through different characterization techniques, and their catalytic activity has been evaluated for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with ammonia. The directly synthetized Fe‐SSZ‐39 performs better for the SCR of NOx with ammonia than other related Fe‐zeolites, particularly at elevated reaction temperatures (above 450 °C), and presents improved hydrothermal stability when aged under severe conditions.
Borylative Radical Cyclizations of Benzo[3,4]cyclodec‐3‐ene‐1,5‐diynes and N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Boranes
Authors: Watanabe Takashi , Hirose Daisuke , Curran Dennis P. , Taniguchi Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBorylative radical cyclization of benzo[3,4]cyclodec‐3‐ene‐1,5‐diynes to provide 5‐borylated 6,7,8,9‐tetrahydrobenzo[a]azulenes has been developed. The experimental results suggest that the reaction proceeds by a radical chain mechanism, in which di‐tert‐butyl hyponitrite (TBHN) works as a good radical initiator to form boryl radicals from N‐heterocyclic carbene–boranes (NHC‐boranes). The present reaction is a rare model that illustrates addition of boryl radicals to alkynes.
Probing the Interactions of Cytotoxic [Pt(1S,2S‐DACH)(5,6‐dimethyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline)] and Its PtIV Derivatives with Human Serum
Authors: Harper Benjamin W. J. , Friedman‐Ezra Aviva , Sirota Roman , Petruzzella Emanuele , Aldrich‐Wright Janice R. , Gibson Dan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe discrepancy between the in vitro cytotoxic results and the in vivo performance of Pt56MeSS prompted us to look into its interactions and those of its PtIV derivatives with human serum (HS), human serum albumin (HSA), lipoproteins, and serum‐supplemented cell culture media. The PtII complex, Pt56MeSS, binds noncovalently and reversibly to slow‐tumbling proteins in HS and in cell culture media and interacts through the phenanthroline group with HSA, with a Kd value of ∼1.5×10−6 m. All PtIV complexes were found to be stable toward reduction in HS, but those with axial carboxylate ligands, cct‐[Pt(1S,2S‐DACH)(5,6‐dimethyl‐1,10‐phenantroline)(acetato)2](TFA)2 (Pt56MeSS(OAc)2) and cct‐[Pt(1S,2S‐DACH)(5,6‐dimehtyl‐1,10‐phenantroline)(phenylbutyrato)2](TFA)2 (Pt56MeSS(PhB)2), were spontaneously reduced at pH 7 or higher in phosphate buffer, but not in Tris buffer (pH 8). HS also decreased the rate of reduction by ascorbate of the PtIV complexes relative to the reduction rates in phosphate buffer, suggesting that for this compound class, phosphate buffer is not a good model for HS.
Organization of the connections between claustrum and cortex in the mouse
Authors: Wang Quanxin , Ng Lydia , Harris Julie A. , Feng David , Li Yang , Royall Josh J. , Oh Seung Wook , Bernard Amy , Sunkin Susan M. , Koch Christof , Zeng Hongkui 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTThe connections between the claustrum and the cortex in mouse are systematically investigated with adeno‐associated virus (AAV), an anterograde viral tracer. We first define the boundary and the three‐dimensional structure of the claustrum based on a variety of molecular and anatomical data. From AAV injections into 42 neocortical and allocortical areas, we conclude that most cortical areas send bilateral projections to the claustrum, the majority being denser on the ipsilateral side. This includes prelimbic, infralimbic, medial, ventrolateral and lateral orbital, ventral retrosplenial, dorsal and posterior agranular insular, visceral, temporal association, dorsal and ventral auditory, ectorhinal, perirhinal, lateral entorhinal, and anteromedial, posteromedial, lateroposterior, laterointermediate, and postrhinal visual areas. In contrast, the cingulate and the secondary motor areas send denser projections to the contralateral claustrum than to the ipsilateral one. The gustatory, primary auditory, primary visual, rostrolateral visual, and medial entorhinal cortices send projections only to the ipsilateral claustrum. Primary motor, primary somatosensory and subicular areas barely send projections to either ipsi‐ or contralateral claustrum. Corticoclaustral projections are organized in a rough topographic manner, with variable projection strengths. We find that the claustrum, in turn, sends widespread projections preferentially to ipsilateral cortical areas with different projection strengths and laminar distribution patterns and to certain contralateral cortical areas. Our quantitative results show that the claustrum has strong reciprocal and bilateral connections with prefrontal and cingulate areas as well as strong reciprocal connections with the ipsilateral temporal and retrohippocampal areas, suggesting that it may play a crucial role in a variety of cognitive processes. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1–1, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Arithmetic Spectral Transitions for the Maryland Model
Authors: Jitomirskaya Svetlana , Liu Wencai 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe give a precise description of spectra of the Maryland model

urn:x-wiley:0010-3640:media:cpa21688:cpa21688-math-0001

for all values of parameters. We introduce an arithmetically defined index and show that for ,

urn:x-wiley:0010-3640:media:cpa21688:cpa21688-math-0004

and

urn:x-wiley:0010-3640:media:cpa21688:cpa21688-math-0005
Since , this gives a complete description of the spectral decomposition for all values of parameters λ, α, and θ, making it the first case of a family where arithmetic spectral transition is described without any parameter exclusion. The set of eigenvalues can be explicitly identified for all parameters, using the quantization condition. We also establish, for the first time for this or any other model, a quantization condition for singular continuous spectrum (an arithmetically defined measure zero set that supports singular continuous measures) for all parameters.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multiple access based on different lengths super orthogonal codes to support QoS of M2M communications in next generation networks
Authors: Ghavimi Fayezeh , Chen Hsiao‐Hwa 
Published: February 2017

SummaryGlobal connectivity, low latency, and ready‐to‐use infrastructure of next generation wireless (NGW) networks provide a platform for machine‐to‐machine (M2M) communications on a large scale. However, M2M communications over NGW networks pose significant challenges because of different data rates, diverse applications, and a large number of connections. In this paper, we address M2M challenges over NGW networks, and in particular, we focus on random access overload issue and diverse quality‐of‐service (QoS) requirements to enable M2M communications in the context of NGW networks. To enable massive M2M access while QoS guarantees, we propose group‐based M2M communications on the basis of identical transmission protocols and QoS requirements. Furthermore, to guarantee low energy consumption for M2M devices in the same group, we propose a decentralized group‐head selection scheme. In addition, a solution is proposed by using an effective capacity concept to provide QoS guarantees for M2M devices with a strict time constraint. A new random access approach based on different lengths super orthogonal codes is proposed to ease massive random access challenges with provisioning diverse QoS requirements of M2M communications in heterogeneous NGW networks.
The first complete mitogenome of the South China deep‐sea giant isopod Bathynomus sp. (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) allows insights into the early mitogenomic evolution of isopods
Authors: Shen Yanjun , Kou Qi , Zhong Zaixuan , Li Xinzheng , He Lisheng , He Shunping , Gan Xiaoni 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequence of the South China deep‐sea giant isopod Bathynomus sp. was determined, and this study is the first to explore in detail the mt genome of a deep‐sea member of the order Isopoda. This species belongs to the genus Bathynomus, the members of which are saprophagous residents of the deep‐sea benthic environment; based on their large size, Bathynomus is included in the “supergiant group” of isopods. The mt genome of Bathynomus sp. is 14,965 bp in length and consists of 13 protein‐coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, only 18 transfer RNA genes, and a noncoding control region 362 bp in length, which is the smallest control region discovered in Isopoda to date. Although the overall genome organization is typical for metazoans, the mt genome of Bathynomus sp. shows a number of derived characters, such as an inversion of 10 genes when compared to the pancrustacean ground pattern. Rearrangements in some genes (e.g., cob, trnT, nad5, and trnF) are shared by nearly all isopod mt genomes analyzed thus far, and when compared to the putative isopod ground pattern, five rearrangements were found in Bathynomus sp. Two tRNAs exhibit modified secondary structures: The TΨC arm is absent from trnQ, and trnC lacks the DHU. Within the class Malacostraca, trnC arm loss is only found in other isopods. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Bathynomus sp. (Cymothoida) and Sphaeroma serratum (Sphaeromatidea) form a single clade, although it is unclear whether Cymothoida is monophyletic or paraphyletic. Moreover, the evolutionary rate of Bathynomus sp. (dN/dS [nonsynonymous mutational rate/synonymous mutational rate] = 0.0705) is the slowest measured to date among Cymothoida, which may be associated with its relatively constant deep‐sea environment. Overall, our results may provide useful information for understanding the evolution of deep‐sea Isopoda species.
Host sharing by the honey bee parasites Lotmaria passim and Nosema ceranae
Authors: Tritschler Manuel , Retschnig Gina , Yañez Orlando , Williams Geoffrey R. , Neumann Peter 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe trypanosome Lotmaria passim and the microsporidian Nosema ceranae are common parasites of the honey bee, Apis mellifera, intestine, but the nature of interactions between them is unknown. Here, we took advantage of naturally occurring infections and quantified infection loads of individual workers (N = 408) originating from three apiaries (four colonies per apiary) using PCR to test for interactions between these two parasites. For that purpose, we measured the frequency of single and double infections, estimated the parasite loads of single and double infections, and determined the type of correlation between both parasites in double infections. If interactions between both parasites are strong and antagonistic, single infections should be more frequent than double infections, double infections will have lower parasite loads than single infections, and double infections will present a negative correlation. Overall, a total of 88 workers were infected with N. ceranae, 53 with L. passim, and eight with both parasites. Although both parasites were found in all three apiaries, there were significant differences among apiaries in the proportions of infected bees. The data show no significant differences between the expected and observed frequencies of single‐ and double‐infected bees. While the infection loads of individual bees were significantly higher for L. passim compared to N. ceranae, there were no significant differences in infection loads between single‐ and double‐infected hosts for both parasites. These results suggest no strong interactions between the two parasites in honey bees, possibly due to spatial separation in the host. The significant positive correlation between L. passim and N. ceranae infection loads in double‐infected hosts therefore most likely results from differences among individual hosts rather than cooperation between parasites. Even if hosts are infected by multiple parasites, this does not necessarily imply that there are any significant interactions between them.
FRT Method for Matrix Converter to Ensure Compatibility between Generator Torque Control and Grid Reactive Current Control
Authors: TAKAHASHI HIROKI , ITOH JUN‐ICHI 
Published: February 2017

SUMMARYThis paper proposes a fault ride through (FRT) method for a matrix converter in a grid‐connected system to control the grid reactive current and generator torque during a three‐phase short voltage sag. In the proposed method, the control period of the system is divided into three modes. In the first mode, all switches are turned off, and in the second mode, a zero vector is obtained at the output of the matrix converter. By using these two modes along with a snubber circuit in the matrix converter, the generator torque is controlled during the three‐phase voltage sag. Further, in the third mode, a nonzero vector is selected to connect the generator to the grid for providing the reactive current to the grid. In addition, the paper proposes a feedback control to obtain a stable ride through operation. From the experimental results, it is confirmed that grid reactive current of 0.86 p.u. and generator torque of 1.07 p.u. are achieved by the proposed FRT method during the three‐phase voltage sag.
Intraluminal MRI Probe Using Small Size Variable Capacitor
Authors: MATSUNAGA TADAO , MATSUOKA YUICHIRO , NAKAZONO MASAYOSHI , KURODA KAGAYAKI , ESASHI MASAYOSHI , HAGA YOICHI 
Published: February 2017

SUMMARYAn intraluminal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probe holds promise to achieve a higher resolution image of a small pathological lesion than conventional external probes. Such an intraluminal probe requires precise resonant frequency tuning to 63.865 MHz and impedance matching to 50 Ω, if used for instance in a 1.5‐T scanner. Tuning and matching have to be performed after inserted into the subject body as electric permittivity varies according to the tissue location. Thus, in this study, a novel intraluminal MRI probe, which can be tuned and matched remotely by voltage‐controlled, MOSFET‐type variable capacitors was developed and fabricated. The imaging capability and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) was evaluated in an agar phantom.
Air Density Compensation of Tuning Fork Sensor Using Kalman Filter
Authors: OKAMOTO KOHEI , AIKAWA NAOYUKI 
Published: February 2017

SUMMARYVibration sensor is used as a sensor to measure pressure, force, acceleration, and density. In particular, tuning fork sensor is suitable as a sensor for electronic balance due to high sensitivity to the force and its long‐term stability. However, tuning force sensor is affected by the temperature and the air density. Therefore, it is necessary to compensate the effects of them. In the conventional method, we could not compensate adequately for the abrupt change in the air density into the delay of smoothing filter. In this paper, we propose accurate compensation method of the drift, which is caused by changing the air density of tuning fork sensor. Applying Kalman filter, the drift of the tuning fork sensor can be very small even with an abrupt change in the air density and there is noise in the measured atmospheric pressure and the frequency.
Parallel Processing Method of Map Simplification on Spatial DB
Authors: TOMA ERIKO , TAMADA TAKASHI , SAKAIRI TAKEO , KAMEI KATSUYUKI , KONAKA HIROKI 
Published: February 2017

SUMMARYIn this paper, we propose a parallel processing method of map simplification using spatial database that supports data management, spatial operations, and spatial queries. This method simplifies geometry figures in parallel without splitting original figures on boundaries of meshes that are conventionally used as rectangular data management units. The simplified result of our method has fewer vertices than a conventional method, since unnecessary vertices are not added in the simplification process. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of our method, its processing time and simplified results for actual map data are compared with those of the conventional method.
Discrimination of Positive/Negative Attitude Using Optical Flow and Prosody Information
Authors: KOBAYASHI YUTA , NAKAMURA MUNEHIRO , NAMBO HIDETAKA , KIMURA HARUHIKO 
Published: February 2017

SUMMARYNonlinguistic information such as facial expression, gesture, and tone of voice plays an essential role in communication between humans. However, most human–machine interfaces are not designed to utilize nonlinguistic information. In order to develop a natural human–machine interface, this paper presents a system for discriminating positive–negative attitudes from nonlinguistic information. Our system utilizes prosody information and natural facial expression observed in a dialogue. For example, the questioner asks a subject to do something, for example, “Won't you go shopping with me?” And then, the subject shows an ambiguous response, for example, “Umm, shopping…” The proposed system analyzes prosody information and facial expression obtained from the subject. The system combines optical flows and prosody information to increase the accuracy in the discrimination. Evaluation experiments using 678 videos obtained from 23 subjects have shown that our system achieved 81.4% accuracy, which is 4.8% higher in the case when only optical flows were used as training data and 13.8% higher in the case when only prosody information was used as training data.
Induced Change of Electric Self‐Potential and Magnetic Field at the Artificial Explosion
Authors: SAKAI HIDEO , KOBAYASHI TSUYOSHI , IZUMI YOSHINORI , NAKAYAMA TAKESHI , HATTORI KATSUMI 
Published: February 2017

SUMMARYStudy of the electric self‐potential (SP) and the magnetic field was conducted at the explosion seismic experiment in Ooyama, Toyama Prefecture. The explosion was induced by 450‐kg gun powder placed at a depth of 32.2 m to 75 m. The SP was measured by four electrodes arranged in a line crossing the explosion point, where the distance of each electrode from the explosion ranged from 10 m to 100 m. Induced SP changes consisted of two portions, namely, fluctuations with shorter period (∼10 ms) and fluctuations with longer periods (∼50 ms). Regarding the latter, the amplitude was in proportion to the span length of electrode couples and the fluctuations arrived faster at the electrode couples nearer to the explosion. Furthermore, the increment of ground level in SP was observed in each electrode couple after the explosion, which was concordant with the distribution of apparent resistivity underground studied by the survey. The magnetic field measured by the fluxgate magnetometer at the site 35 m north from the explosion also showed change of a few nT after the explosion. This may have been caused by change of magnetic properties underground.
Flow alteration signatures of diversion hydropower: An analysis of 32 rivers in southwestern China
Authors: Kibler Kelly M. , Alipour Mohammadhossein 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHydrologic changes caused by diversion hydropower are poorly described. Herein, we evaluate hydrologic alteration in 32 ungauged rivers developed for diversion hydropower. We simulated long‐term unregulated discharge records before perturbing flows with the hydropower diversion and comparing periods with and without diversion. We detected statistically significant changes to flow regime metrics across all rivers. Magnitudes across a range of flows consistently decreased following diversion, flow variability decreased substantially, and transitions between flows of different magnitudes became more abrupt. Magnitudes of 7‐day minimum flows were lower by a mean of 41 ± 23% (p < .05 for 19 rivers), annual maximum flows decreased significantly (p < .05) in 22 rivers, and 7‐day maximum flows decreased by a mean of 52 ± 18% (p < .05 for 26 rivers). Temporally dynamic low to moderate flows were replaced by static minimal flows, leading to a mean 184 ± 49% increase in flow constancy. Mean duration of events sustained below the prediversion Q75 increased (p < .05 for 32 rivers) from a mean of 3 days to a mean of 27 days after diversion. Mean hydrograph rise and fall rates doubled and tripled, respectively (p < .05 for 28 rivers). We detected few changes to peak flow timing. Although direction of observed change was consistent among the rivers, magnitudes and significance of response often varied between rivers. A proposed diversion index largely explained response variability among the 32 rivers. Results highlight that hydropower systems without storage reservoirs can profoundly affect river flow regimes when water is diverted from the river.