bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of genomic risk factors on survival after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with acute leukaemia
Authors: Pearce K. F. , Balavarca Y. , Norden J. , Jackson G. , Holler E. , Dressel R. , Greinix H. , Toubert A. , Gluckman E. , Hromadnikova I. , Sedlacek P. , Wolff D. , Holtick U. , Bickeböller H. , Dickinson A. M. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe EBMT risk score is an established tool successfully used in the prognosis of survival post‐HSCT and is applicable for a range of haematological disorders. One of its main advantages is that score generation involves summation of clinical parameters that are available pretransplant. However, the EBMT risk score is recognized as not being optimal. Previous analyses, involving patients with various diagnoses, have shown that non‐HLA gene polymorphisms influence outcome after allogeneic HSCT. This study is novel as it focuses only on patients having acute leukaemia (N = 458) and attempts to demonstrate how non‐HLA gene polymorphisms can be added to the EBMT risk score in a Cox regression model to improve prognostic ability for overall survival. The results of the study found that three genetic factors improved EBMT risk score. The presence of MAL (rs8177374) allele T in the patient, absence of glucocorticoid receptor haplotype (consisting of rs6198, rs33389 and rs33388) ACT in the patient and absence of heat‐shock protein 70‐hom (+2437) (rs2227956) allele C in the patient were associated with decreased survival time. When compared to the EBMT risk score, the scores combining EBMT risk score with the genetic factors had an improved correlation with clinical outcome and better separation of risk groups. A bootstrapping technique, involving repeated testing of a model using multiple validation sets, also revealed that the newly proposed model had improved predictive value when compared to the EBMT risk score alone. Results support the view that non‐HLA polymorphisms could be useful for pretransplant clinical assessment and provide evidence that polymorphisms in the recipient genotype may influence incoming donor cells, suppressing the initiation of the graft versus leukaemia effect and reducing survival.
Waiting‐time estimation in walk‐in clinics
Authors: Montecinos Julio , Ouhimmou Mustapha , Chauhan Satyaveer 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMedical assistance is offered by walk‐in clinics (WC). These clinics must keep track of patients’ turn in line. Some private companies offer an extra follow‐up service to WC patients, which notifies them when their consultation approaches, so patients can use their free time elsewhere than in the waiting room. This paper aims to develop an applied forecasting approach for consultation service time estimation and waiting‐time estimation. A model based on particle filters and mixture models helps to estimate the waiting time for each consultation, using historical and new incoming data from patient consultations. The system considers two types of patients, namely, regular and follow‐up. Our method gives an estimate of the waiting time for consultation better than simple statistics.
Three‐Dimensional Electroanatomic Mapping System‐Enhanced Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Device Implantation: Results From a Multicenter Registry
Authors: DEL GRECO MAURIZIO , MAINES MASSIMILIANO , MARINI MASSIMILIANO , COLELLA ANDREA , ZECCHIN MASSIMO , VITALI‐SERDOZ LAURA , BLANDINO ALESSANDRO , BARBONAGLIA LORELLA , ALLOCCA GIUSEPPE , MUREDDU ROBERTO , MARENNA BIONDINO , ROSSI PAOLO , VACCARI DIEGO , CHIANCA ROBERTO , INDIANI STEFANO , DI MATTEO IRENE , ANGHEBEN CARLO , ZORZI ALESSANDRO 
Published: November 2016

Electroanatomic Mapping for CRT Implantation RegistryIntroductionCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device implantation guided by an electroanatomic mapping system (EAMS) is an emerging technique that may reduce fluoroscopy and angiography use and provide information on coronary sinus (CS) electrical activation. We evaluated the outcome of the EAMS‐guided CRT implantation technique in a multicenter registry.MethodsDuring the period 2011–2014 we enrolled 125 patients (80% males, age 74 [71–77] years) who underwent CRT implantation by using the EnSite system to create geometric models of the patient's cardiac chambers, build activation mapping of the CS, and guide leads positioning. Two hundred and fifty patients undergoing traditional CRT implantation served as controls. Success and complication rates, fluoroscopy and total procedure times in the overall study population and according to center experience were collected. Centers that performed ≥10 were defined as highly experienced.ResultsLeft ventricular lead implantation was successful in 122 (98%) cases and 242 (97%) controls (P = 0.76). Median fluoroscopy time was 4.1 (0.3–10.4) minutes in cases versus 16 (11–26) minutes in controls (P < 0.001). Coronary sinus angiography was performed in 33 (26%) cases and 208 (83%) controls (P < 0.001). Complications occurred in 5 (4%) cases and 17 (7%) controls (P = 0.28). Median fluoroscopy time (median 11 minutes vs. 3 minutes, P < 0.001) and CS angiography rate (55% vs. 21%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in low experienced centers, while success rate and complications rate were similar.ConclusionsEAMS‐guided CRT implantation proved safe and effective in both high‐ and low‐experienced centers and allowed to reduce fluoroscopy use by ≈75% and angiography rate by ≈70%.
Do Substance Use, Psychosocial Adjustment, and Sexual Experiences Vary for Dating Violence Victims Based on Type of Violent Relationships?
Authors: Zweig Janine M. , Yahner Jennifer , Dank Meredith , Lachman Pamela 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDWe examined whether substance use, psychosocial adjustment, and sexual experiences vary for teen dating violence victims by the type of violence in their relationships. We compared dating youth who reported no victimization in their relationships to those who reported being victims of intimate terrorism (dating violence involving one physically violent and controlling perpetrator) and those who reported experiencing situational couple violence (physical dating violence absent the dynamics of power and control).METHODSThis was a cross‐sectional survey of 3745 dating youth from 10 middle and high schools in the northeastern United States, one third of whom reported physical dating violence.RESULTSIn general, teens experiencing no dating violence reported less frequent substance use, higher psychosocial adjustment, and less sexual activity than victims of either intimate terrorism or situational couple violence. In addition, victims of intimate terrorism reported higher levels of depression, anxiety, and anger/hostility compared to situational couple violence victims; they also were more likely to report having sex, and earlier sexual initiation.CONCLUSIONSYouth who experienced physical violence in their dating relationships, coupled with controlling behaviors from their partner/perpetrator, reported the most psychosocial adjustment issues and the earliest sexual activity.
Hand Hygiene Program Decreases School Absenteeism Due to Upper Respiratory Infections
Authors: Azor‐Martinez Ernestina , Cobos‐Carrascosa Elena , Seijas‐Vazquez Maria Luisa , Fernández‐Sánchez Carmen , Strizzi Jenna M. , Torres‐Alegre Pilar , Santisteban‐Martínez Joaquin , Gimenez‐Sanchez Francisco 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDWe assessed the effectiveness of a handwashing program using hand sanitizer to prevent school absenteeism due to upper respiratory infections (URIs).METHODSThis was a randomized, controlled, and open study on a sample of 1341 children 4‐12 years old, attending 5 state schools in Almería (Spain), with an 8‐month follow‐up. The experimental group (EG) washed their hands with soap and water, together with using hand sanitizer, and the control group followed their usual handwashing procedures. Absenteeism rates due to URIs were compared between the 2 groups through a multivariate Poisson regression analysis. The percent of days missed in both groups were compared with a z test.RESULTSOverall, 1271 cases of school absenteeism due to URIs were registered. Schoolchildren from the EG had a 38% lower risk of absenteeism due to URIs, incidence rate ratio: 0.62, 95% confidence interval: 0.55‐0.70, and a decrease in absenteeism of 0.45 episodes/child/academic year, p < .001. Pupils missed 2734 school days due to URIs and the percentage of days absent was significantly lower in the EG, p < .001.CONCLUSIONSUse of hand sanitizer plus handwashing with soap accompanied by educational support is an effective measure to reduce absenteeism due to URIs
Perceptions of Peer Sexual Behavior: Do Adolescents Believe in a Sexual Double Standard?
Authors: Young Michael , Cardenas Susan , Donnelly Joseph , J. Kittleson Mark 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe purpose of the study was to (1) examine attitudes of adolescents toward peer models having sex or choosing abstinence, and (2) determine whether a “double standard” in perception existed concerning adolescent abstinence and sexual behavior.METHODSAdolescents (N = 173) completed questionnaires that included 1 of 6 randomly assigned vignettes that described male and female peer models 3 ways: (1) no information about model's sexual behavior, (2) model in love but choosing abstinence, and (3) model in love and having sex. Participants read the vignette to which they had been assigned and responded to statements about the peer model. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance.RESULTSResults did not show evidence of a sexual double standard among male participants, but did show some evidence of a sexual double standard among female participants. Additionally, both male and female participants evaluated more harshly peer models that were having sex than peer models that chose abstinence.CONCLUSIONSFindings provide insight concerning the lack of a sexual double standard among male participants, the existence, to some degree, of a sexual double standard among female participants, and demonstrate the existence of a social cost to both young men and young women for choosing to have sex.
Pan‐genotypic treatment regimens for hepatitis C virus: Advantages and disadvantages in high‐ and low‐income regions
Authors: Hézode C. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryDuring the last 5 years, the availability of direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) agents has revolutionized the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Compared with interferon/ribavirin—the previous standard of care—DAA combination regimens offer improved sustained virological response (SVR) rates, shorter treatment durations of 8‐24 weeks, convenient once‐daily single‐tablet formulations and more favourable tolerability profiles. HCV treatment is complex, and the choice of therapy must consider a complex range of factors, including baseline viral load, fibrosis stage, the HCV genotype and subgenotype, and the presence of resistance‐associated substitutions at baseline. Globally, HCV genotype 1 predominates, and there are extensive data and various treatment options available for this genotype. Genotypes 2–6 are prevalent and may even predominate in different geographical regions, reflecting diverse factors including human migration patterns and unsafe use of injection drugs and blood products. Such factors are themselves influenced by socio‐economic factors, and poor regions often have the greatest unmet need for effective HCV therapies. The latest pan‐genotypic DAA combination regimens provide the potential to eradicate HCV around the globe, regardless of genotype, hence minimizing the need for virological testing services, which often are unavailable in poorer regions. Economics inevitably remain a barrier to access, and extensive cooperation will be required between clinical organisations and pharmaceutical manufacturers to agree appropriate pricing policies, especially in poorer economic regions. This review considers key data and treatment guidelines for DAA therapies, including pan‐genotypic combination regimens, in the context of regional differences in HCV genotype and socio‐economic factors.
Growth Performance and Body Composition of Aspikutum: A New Hybrid of Asp, Leuciscus aspius ♀, × Caspian Kutum, Rutilus frisii ♂, Cultured under Different Stocking Densities in Circular Concrete Tanks
Authors: Bagheri Mohaddeseh , Falahatkar Bahram , Efatpanah Iraj 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe first step for rearing the newly produced hybrid of Asp, Leuciscus aspius ♀, × Caspian Kutum, Rutilus frisii ♂ (so‐called “Aspikutum”) is to understand essential production requirements such as stocking density. For this purpose, fish (60.4 g) were held at five stocking densities of 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 kg/m3 in circular concrete tanks (603 L) for a period of 56 d. The culture system was maintained at natural temperature and photoperiod. Fish were fed thrice a day using a commercial diet. At the end of the trial, growth indices, including final mean weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate, were significantly higher at the density of 10 kg/m3 compared with 2 kg/m3 (P< 0.05). Feed intake was significantly greater at 10 kg/m3 compared with 2 kg/m3 (P< 0.05); however, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, protein productive value, and hepatosomatic index remained unchanged among the stocking densities (P> 0.05). Increased stocking density caused significant increase in body protein and fat contents (P< 0.05). Condition factor in higher densities (8 and 10 kg/m3) was significantly higher compared with 2 kg/m3 (P< 0.05). The results indicated that rearing this hybrid in the studied weight range at high density of 10 kg/m3 or more is possible without negative impacts on growth performance and body composition.
Indeterminacy, Angst and Conflicting Values
Authors: Williams J. Robert G. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHow should we make choices where the values we subscribe to give conflicting recommendations? I will be defending a reduction of decision making under conflict to decision making under indeterminacy, in the spirit of Broome. To defend this, I set out and endorse the basic features of decision making under conflict that Ruth Chang identifies. I show that we find exactly those features in cases of decision making under indeterminacy not involving conflicting values. Further, my theory of decision making under indeterminacy predicts and explains these features. Particular attention will be paid to the aspect that Chang emphasizes as the decisive problem for the Broomean reduction: the resolutional residue, or angst, that decision making under conflict evinces.
Effective Exchange Rates, Current Accounts and Global Imbalances
Authors: Beckmann Joscha , Czudaj Robert 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study analyzes the dynamics between real effective exchange rates and current accounts from a novel perspective. We start by dissecting long‐run and time‐varying short‐run dynamics as well as causalities between both variables. Following this, we extend our framework by including short‐term interest rates. Finally, we examine common exchange rate and current account dynamics across countries based on common factors. Our results show that a real appreciation coincides with a worsening of the current account in most cases. The adjustment pattern is time varying but suggests that the causality mainly runs from effective exchange rates to current accounts. However, an extension of our framework based on monthly data shows that trade balance adjustment is observed less frequently, suggesting that valuation effects play an important role for the relationship between current accounts and exchange rates. From a global point of view, cross‐country trends that drive exchange rates and current accounts also share similar dynamics over the long run, which is an important finding in the context of global imbalances.
Efficacy and duration of action of oral fluralaner and spot‐on moxidectin/imidacloprid in cats infested with Lynxacarus radovskyi
Authors: Han Hock Siew , Noli Chiara , Cena Tiziana 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundLynxacarus radovskyi has been observed in cats in Malaysia; previously treatment with fipronil and moxidectin/imidacloprid spot‐on has been described.ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy of two spot‐on treatments of moxidectin/imidacloprid, two weeks apart to a single oral dose of fluralaner against Lynxacarus radovskyi and evaluate time to re‐infestation.MethodsThirty cats were assigned to three groups of ten cats each. Group 1 received one 250 mg fluralaner tablet. Group 2 received two doses of moxidectin/imidacloprid spot‐on two weeks apart. Group 3 consisted of untreated controls. For each cat, three plucks of about 50 hairs each were collected from three sites (dorsal neck, lateral thigh and perineal/tail region) for a total of nine pluckings every two weeks. Severity of infestation was scored from 0 (no parasite), to 1 (only nonhatched eggs), 2 (both hatched and nonhatched eggs), 3 (<50 mites) and 4 (>50 mites). Efficacy was compared between treatment groups and over time in the same group, and results analysed statistically. Re‐infestation was defined as the identification of new eggs or mites on hair pluckings.ResultsMoxidectin/imidacloprid spot‐on and oral fluralaner achieved 100% eradication within 28 days. No significant difference was observed between groups 1 and 2; re‐infestation occurred by Day 56 in both treatment groups.ConclusionA single dose of oral fluralaner or two moxidectin/imidacloprid spot‐on treatments two weeks apart are efficacious in the eradication of L. radovskyi in cats and able to prevent re‐infestation for at least 42 days post‐treatment.
Bats, Primates, and the Evolutionary Origins and Diversification of Mammalian Gammaherpesviruses
Authors: Escalera-Zamudio Marina , Rojas-Anaya Edith , Kolokotronis Sergios-Orestis , Taboada Blanca , Loza-Rubio Elizabeth , Méndez-Ojeda Maria L. , Arias Carlos F. , Osterrieder Nikolaus , Greenwood Alex D. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Gammaherpesviruses (γHVs) are generally considered host specific and to have codiverged with their hosts over millions of years. This tenet is challenged here by broad-scale phylogenetic analysis of two viral genes using the largest sample of mammalian γHVs to date, integrating for the first time bat γHV sequences available from public repositories and newly generated viral sequences from two vampire bat species (
Desmodus rotundus
and
Diphylla ecaudata
). Bat and primate viruses frequently represented deep branches within the supported phylogenies and clustered among viruses from distantly related mammalian taxa. Following evolutionary scenario testing, we determined the number of host-switching and cospeciation events. Cross-species transmissions have occurred much more frequently than previously estimated, and most of the transmissions were attributable to bats and primates. We conclude that the evolution of the
Gammaherpesvirinae
subfamily has been driven by both cross-species transmissions and subsequent cospeciation within specific viral lineages and that the bat and primate orders may have potentially acted as superspreaders to other mammalian taxa throughout evolutionary history.

IMPORTANCE
It has long been believed that herpesviruses have coevolved with their hosts and are species specific. Nevertheless, a global evolutionary analysis of bat viruses in the context of other mammalian viruses, which could put this widely accepted view to the test, had not been undertaken until now. We present two main findings that may challenge the current view of γHV evolution: multiple host-switching events were observed at a higher rate than previously appreciated, and bats and primates harbor a large diversity of γHVs which may have led to increased cross-species transmissions from these taxa to other mammals.
Identification of YbeY-Protein Interactions Involved in 16S rRNA Maturation and Stress Regulation in Escherichia coli
Authors: Vercruysse Maarten , Köhrer Caroline , Shen Yang , Proulx Sandra , Ghosal Anubrata , Davies Bryan W. , RajBhandary Uttam L. , Walker Graham C. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

YbeY is part of a core set of RNases in
Escherichia coli
and other bacteria. This highly conserved endoribonuclease has been implicated in several important processes such as 16S rRNA 3′ end maturation, 70S ribosome quality control, and regulation of mRNAs and small noncoding RNAs, thereby affecting cellular viability, stress tolerance, and pathogenic and symbiotic behavior of bacteria. Thus, YbeY likely interacts with numerous protein or RNA partners that are involved in various aspects of cellular physiology. Using a bacterial two-hybrid system, we identified several proteins that interact with YbeY, including ribosomal protein S11, the ribosome-associated GTPases Era and Der, YbeZ, and SpoT. In particular, the interaction of YbeY with S11 and Era provides insight into YbeY’s involvement in the 16S rRNA maturation process. The three-way association between YbeY, S11, and Era suggests that YbeY is recruited to the ribosome where it could cleave the 17S rRNA precursor endonucleolytically at or near the 3′ end maturation site. Analysis of YbeY missense mutants shows that a highly conserved beta-sheet in YbeY—and not amino acids known to be important for YbeY’s RNase activity—functions as the interface between YbeY and S11. This protein-interacting interface of YbeY is needed for correct rRNA maturation and stress regulation, as missense mutants show significant phenotypic defects. Additionally, structure-based
in silico
prediction of putative interactions between YbeY and the Era-30S complex through protein docking agrees well with the
in vivo
results.

IMPORTANCE
Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein complexes responsible for a key cellular function, protein synthesis. Their assembly is a highly coordinated process of RNA cleavage, RNA posttranscriptional modification, RNA conformational changes, and protein-binding events. Many open questions remain after almost 5 decades of study, including which RNase is responsible for final processing of the 16S rRNA 3′ end. The highly conserved RNase YbeY, belonging to a core set of RNases essential in many bacteria, was previously shown to participate in 16S rRNA processing and ribosome quality control. However, detailed mechanistic insight into YbeY’s ribosome-associated function has remained elusive. This work provides the first evidence that YbeY is recruited to the ribosome through interaction with proteins involved in ribosome biogenesis (i.e., ribosomal protein S11, Era). In addition, we identified key residues of YbeY involved in the interaction with S11 and propose a possible binding mode of YbeY to the ribosome using
in silico
docking.