bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Proteomic Study of Fatty Acid-treated Myoblasts Reveals Role of Cox-2 in Palmitate-induced Insulin Resistance
Authors: Chen Xiulan , Xu Shimeng , Wei Shasha , Deng Yaqin , Li Yiran , Yang Fuquan , Liu Pingsheng 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAccumulated studies demonstrate that saturated fatty acids (FAs) such as palmitic acid (PA) inhibit insulin signaling in skeletal muscle cells and monounsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid (OA) reverse the effect of PA on insulin signaling. The detailed molecular mechanism of these opposite effects remains elusive. Here we provide a comparative proteomic study of skeletal myoblast cell line C2C12 that were untreated or treated with PA, and PA plus OA. A total of 3437 proteins were quantified using SILAC in this study and 29 proteins fall into the pattern that OA reverses PA effect. Expression of some these proteins were verified using qRT-PCR and Western blot. The most significant change was cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2). In addition to whole cell comparative proteomic study, we also compared lipid droplet (LD)-associated proteins and identified that Cox-2 was one of three major altered proteins under the FA treatment. This finding was then confirmed using immunofluorescence. Finally, Cox-2 selective inhibitor, celecoxib protected cells from PA-reduced insulin signaling Akt phosphorylation. Together, these results not only provide a dataset of protein expression change in FA treatment but also suggest that Cox-2 and lipid droplets (LDs) are potential players in PA- and OA-mediated cellular processes.
Tailoring electromagnetically induced transparency with different coupling mechanisms
Authors: Li Hai-ming , Liu Shao-bin , Wang Shen-yun , Liu Si-yuan , Hu Yan , Li Hai-bin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTailoring electromagnetically induced transparency with two different coupling mechanisms has been numerically demonstrated. The results show that EIT based on simultaneous electric resonance and magnetic resonance has relatively larger coupling distance compared with that based on electric resonance near field coupling to magnetic resonance. The relatively large coupling distance is due to the relatively small susceptibility change. For EIT based on simultaneous electric resonance and magnetic resonance, not only incident electric field but also the incident magnetic field pays a role on the susceptibility of system. The influence of the incident magnetic field leads to relatively smaller susceptibility change compared with that based on electric resonance near field coupling to magnetic resonance.
Soil organic carbon dynamics under long-term fertilization in a black soil of China: Evidence from stable C isotopes
Authors: Dou Xiaolin , He Ping , Zhu Ping , Zhou Wei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractEffects of different fertilizers on organic carbon (C) storage and turnover of soil fractions remains unclear. We combined soil fractionation with isotope analyses to examine soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics after 25 years of fertilization. Five types of soil samples including the initial level (CK) and four fertilization treatments (inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, N; balanced inorganic fertilizer, NPK; inorganic fertilizer plus farmyard manure, MNPK; inorganic fertilizer plus corn straw residue, SNPK) were separated into four aggregate sizes (>2000 μm, 2000–250 μm, 250–53 μm, and <53 μm), and three density fractions: free light fraction (LF), intra-aggregate particulate organic matter (iPOM), and mineral-associated organic matter (mSOM). Physical fractionation showed the iPOM fraction of aggregates dominated C storage, averaging 76.87% of SOC storage. Overall, application of N and NPK fertilizers cannot significantly increase the SOC storage but enhanced C in mSOM of aggregates, whereas MNPK fertilizer resulted in the greatest amount of SOC storage (about 5221.5 g C m2) because of the enhanced SOC in LF, iPOM and mSOM of each aggregate. The SNPK fertilizer increased SOC storage in >250 μm aggregates but reduced SOC storage in <250 μm aggregates due to SOC changes in LF and iPOM.
Improvement of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines pharmacokinetic properties: nanosystem approaches for drug delivery
Authors: Vignaroli Giulia , Calandro Pierpaolo , Zamperini Claudio , Coniglio Federica , Iovenitti Giulia , Tavanti Matteo , Colecchia David , Dreassi Elena , Valoti Massimo , Schenone Silvia , Chiariello Mario , Botta Maurizio 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines are a class of compounds with a good activity against several cancer cell lines. Despite the promising anticancer activity, these molecules showed a poor aqueous solubility. This issue could threat the future development of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines as clinical drug candidates. With the aim of improving their solubility profile and consequently their pharmacokinetic properties, we have chosen four compounds (1–4) on the base of their anti-neuroblastoma activity and we have developed albumin nanoparticles and liposomes for the selected candidates. Albumin nanoparticles and liposomes were prepared and characterized regarding size and ζ-potential distribution, polidispersity index, entrapment efficiency and activity against SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line. The most promising nanosystem, namely LP-2, was chosen to perform further studies: confocal microscopy, stability and drug release in physiological conditions and biodistribution. Altogether, the obtained data strongly indicate that the encapsulation of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines in liposomes represent an effective method to overcome the poor water solubility.
Ultraviolet-visible study on acid-base equilibria of aporphine alkaloids with antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities from Alseodaphne corneri and Dehaasia longipedicellata
Authors: Zahari Azeana , Ablat Abdulwali , Omer Noridayu , Nafiah Mohd Azlan , Sivasothy Yasodha , Mohamad Jamaludin , Khan Mohammad Niyaz , Awang Khalijah 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe UV-vis spectra of isocorydine 1, norisocorydine 2 and boldine 3 were studied in 2% v/v acetonitrile, at constant ionic strength (0.1 M NaCl, 35 degree Celsius). The pKa values of isocorydine 1 and norisocorydine 2 were 11.75 and 12.07, respectively. Boldine 3 gave a pKa value of 9.16 and 10.44. All of the alkaloids 1–3 were stable at physiological pH; thereby all of them will not ionize, thus permitting the basic nitrogen to be protonated and accumulated within the acidic food vacuole of Plasmodium via pH trapping. Subsequently, acidic food vacuoles that have been neutralized by alkaloids would result in enhancement of the antiplasmodial activity. The alkaloids showed antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum and antioxidant activities; DPPH radical scavenging, metal chelating and ferric reducing power. The antioxidant properties of the alkaloids under investigation revealed that in addition to the antiplasmodial activity, the alkaloids can also prevent oxidative damage. It can be prevented by binding free heme and neutralizing the electrons produced during the Plasmodium falciparum mediated haemoglobin destruction in the host. Slightly basic properties of the aforementioned alkaloids, along with their antioxidant activities, are advantageous in improving the suppression of malaria infection that cause less damage to the host.
Transport of pyruvate into mitochondria is involved in methylmercury toxicity
Authors: Lee Jin-Yong , Ishida Yosuke , Takahashi Tsutomu , Naganuma Akira , Hwang Gi-Wook 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated that the overexpression of enzymes involved in the production of pyruvate, enolase 2 (Eno2) and D-lactate dehydrogenase (Dld3) renders yeast highly sensitive to methylmercury and that the promotion of intracellular pyruvate synthesis may be involved in intensifying the toxicity of methylmercury. In the present study, we showed that the addition of pyruvate to culture media in non-toxic concentrations significantly enhanced the sensitivity of yeast and human neuroblastoma cells to methylmercury. The results also suggested that methylmercury promoted the transport of pyruvate into mitochondria and that the increased pyruvate concentrations in mitochondria were involved in intensifying the toxicity of methylmercury without pyruvate being converted to acetyl-CoA. Furthermore, in human neuroblastoma cells, methylmercury treatment alone decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and the addition of pyruvate led to a further significant decrease. In addition, treatment with N-acetylcysteine (an antioxidant) significantly alleviated the toxicity of methylmercury and significantly inhibited the intensification of methylmercury toxicity by pyruvate. Based on these data, we hypothesize that methylmercury exerts its toxicity by raising the level of pyruvate in mitochondria and that mitochondrial dysfunction and increased levels of reactive oxygen species are involved in the action of pyruvate.
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Monolayer Mo1−xWxS2 Crystals with Tunable Band Gaps
Authors: Wang Ziqian , Liu Pan , Ito Yoshikazu , Ning Shoucong , Tan Yongwen , Fujita Takeshi , Hirata Akihiko , Chen Mingwei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBand gap engineering of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, such as MoS2 and WS2, is essential for the applications of the two-dimensional (2D) crystals in electronic and optoelectronic devices. Although it is known that chemical mixture can evidently change the band gaps of alloyed Mo1−xWxS2 crystals, the successful growth of Mo1−xWxS2 monolayers with tunable Mo/W ratios has not been realized by conventional chemical vapor deposition. Herein, we developed a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LP-CVD) method to grow monolayer Mo1−xWxS2 (x = 0–1) 2D crystals with a wide range of Mo/W ratios. Raman spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy demonstrate the homogeneous mixture of Mo and W in the 2D alloys. Photoluminescence measurements show that the optical band gaps of the monolayer Mo1−xWxS2 crystals strongly depend on the Mo/W ratios and continuously tunable band gap can be achieved by controlling the W or Mo portion by the LP-CVD.
Reactive oxygen species regulate leaf pulvinus abscission zone cell separation in response to water-deficit stress in cassava
Authors: Liao Wenbin , Wang Gan , Li Yayun , Wang Bin , Zhang Peng , Peng Ming 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plant resists water-deficit stress by shedding leaves leading to adaptive water-deficit condition. Transcriptomic, physiological, cellular, molecular, metabolic and transgenic methods were used to study the mechanism of cassava abscission zone (AZ) cell separation under water-deficit stress. Microscopic observation indicated that AZ cell separation initiated at the later stages during water-deficit stress. Transcriptome profiling of AZ suggested that differential expression genes of AZ under stress mainly participate in reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathway. The key genes involved in hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis and metabolism showed significantly higher expression levels in AZ than non-separating tissues adjacent to the AZ under stress. Significantly higher levels of hydrogen peroxide correlated with hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis related genes and AZ cell separation was detected by microscopic observation, colorimetric detection and GC-MS analyses under stress. Co-overexpression of the ROS-scavenging proteins SOD and CAT1 in cassava decreased the levels of hydrogen peroxide in AZ under water-deficit stress. The cell separation of the pulvinus AZ also delayed in co-overexpression of the ROS-scavenging proteins SOD and CAT1 plants both in vitro and at the plant level. Together, the results indicated that ROS play an important regulatory role in the process of cassava leaf abscission under water-deficit stress.
CdS-Nanowires Flexible Photo-detector with Ag-Nanowires Electrode Based on Non-transfer Process
Authors: Pei Yanli , Pei Ruihan , Liang Xiaoci , Wang Yuhao , Liu Ling , Chen Haibiao , Liang Jun 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn this study, UV-visible flexible resistivity-type photo-detectors were demonstrated with CdS-nanowires (NWs) percolation network channel and Ag-NWs percolation network electrode. The devices were fabricated on Mixed Cellulose Esters (MCE) membrane using a lithographic filtration method combined with a facile non-transfer process. The photo-detectors demonstrated strong adhesion, fast response time, fast decay time, and high photo sensitivity. The high performance could be attributed to the high quality single crystalline CdS-NWs, encapsulation of NWs in MCE matrix and excellent interconnection of the NWs. Furthermore, the sensing performance was maintained even the device was bent at an angle of 90°. This research may pave the way for the facile fabrication of flexible photo-detectors with high performances.
Cellular microenvironment modulates the galvanotaxis of brain tumor initiating cells
Authors: Huang Yu-Ja , Hoffmann Gwendolyn , Wheeler Benjamin , Schiapparelli Paula , Quinones-Hinojosa Alfredo , Searson Peter 
Published: February 2016

AbstractGalvanotaxis is a complex process that represents the collective outcome of various contributing mechanisms, including asymmetric ion influxes, preferential activation of voltage-gated channels, and electrophoretic redistribution of membrane components. While a large number of studies have focused on various up- and downstream signaling pathways, little is known about how the surrounding microenvironment may interact and contribute to the directional response. Using a customized galvanotaxis chip capable of carrying out experiments in both two- and three-dimensional microenvironments, we show that cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions modulate the galvanotaxis of brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs). Five different BTICs across three different glioblastoma subtypes were examined and shown to all migrate toward the anode in the presence of a direct-current electric field (dcEF) when cultured on a poly-L-ornithine/laminin coated surface, while the fetal-derived neural progenitor cells (fNPCs) migrated toward the cathode. Interestingly, when embedded in a 3D ECM composed of hyaluronic acid and collagen, BTICs exhibited opposite directional response and migrated toward the cathode. Pharmacological inhibition against a panel of key molecules involved in galvanotaxis further revealed the mechanistic differences between 2- and 3D galvanotaxis in BTICs. Both myosin II and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) were found to hold strikingly different roles in different microenvironments.
Full Valley and Spin Polarizations in Strained Graphene with Rashba Spin Orbit Coupling and Magnetic Barrier
Authors: Wu Qing-Ping , Liu Zheng-Fang , Chen Ai-Xi , Xiao Xian-Bo , Liu Zhi-Min 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe propose a graphene-based full valley- and spin-polarization device based on strained graphene with Rashba spin orbit coupling and magnetic barrier. The underlying mechanism is the coexistence of the valley and single spin band gaps in a certain Fermi energy. By aligning the Fermi energy in the valley and single spin band gaps, remarkable valley- and spin-polarization currents can be accessed.
Long distance dispersal and vertical gene flow in the Caribbean brooding coral Porites astreoides
Authors: Serrano Xaymara M. , Baums Iliana B. , Smith Tyler B. , Jones Ross J. , Shearer Tonya L. , Baker Andrew C. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTo date, most assessments of coral connectivity have emphasized long-distance horizontal dispersal of propagules from one shallow reef to another. The extent of vertical connectivity, however, remains largely understudied. Here, we used newly-developed and existing DNA microsatellite loci for the brooding coral Porites astreoides to assess patterns of horizontal and vertical connectivity in 590 colonies collected from three depth zones (≤10 m, 15–20 m and ≥25 m) at sites in Florida, Bermuda and the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI). We also tested whether maternal transmission of algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) might limit effective vertical connectivity. Overall, shallow P. astreoides exhibited high gene flow between Florida and USVI, but limited gene flow between these locations and Bermuda. In contrast, there was significant genetic differentiation by depth in Florida (Upper Keys, Lower Keys and Dry Tortugas), but not in Bermuda or USVI, despite strong patterns of depth zonation in algal symbionts at two of these locations. Together, these findings suggest that P. astreoides is effective at dispersing both horizontally and vertically despite its brooding reproductive mode and maternal transmission of algal symbionts. In addition, these findings might help explain the ecological success reported for P. astreoides in the Caribbean in recent decades.
Glucose is a key driver for GLUT1-mediated nanoparticles internalization in breast cancer cells
Authors: Venturelli Leonardo , Nappini Silvia , Bulfoni Michela , Gianfranceschi Giuseppe , Dal Zilio Simone , Coceano Giovanna , Del Ben Fabio , Turetta Matteo , Scoles Giacinto , Vaccari Lisa , Cesselli Daniela , Cojoc Dan 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe mesenchymal state in cancer is usually associated with poor prognosis due to the metastatic predisposition and the hyper-activated metabolism. Exploiting cell glucose metabolism we propose a new method to detect mesenchymal-like cancer cells. We demonstrate that the uptake of glucose-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by mesenchymal-like cells remains constant when the glucose in the medium is increased from low (5.5 mM) to high (25 mM) concentration, while the MNPs uptake by epithelial-like cells is significantly reduced. These findings reveal that the glucose-shell of MNPs plays a major role in recognition of cells with high-metabolic activity. By selectively blocking the glucose transporter 1 channels we showed its involvement in the internalization process of glucose-coated MNPs. Our results suggest that glucose-coated MNPs can be used for metabolic-based assays aimed at detecting cancer cells and that can be used to selectively target cancer cells taking advantage, for instance, of the magnetic-thermotherapy.
Mammalian interspecies substitution of immune modulatory alleles by genome editing
Authors: Lillico Simon G. , Proudfoot Chris , King Tim J. , Tan Wenfang , Zhang Lei , Mardjuki Rachel , Paschon David E. , Rebar Edward J. , Urnov Fyodor D. , Mileham Alan J. , McLaren David G. , Whitelaw C. Bruce A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe describe a fundamentally novel feat of animal genetic engineering: the precise and efficient substitution of an agronomic haplotype into a domesticated species. Zinc finger nuclease in-embryo editing of the RELA locus generated live born domestic pigs with the warthog RELA orthologue, associated with resilience to African Swine Fever. The ability to efficiently achieve interspecies allele introgression in one generation opens unprecedented opportunities for agriculture and basic research.
Ultrasound triggered image-guided drug delivery to inhibit vascular reconstruction via paclitaxel-loaded microbubbles
Authors: Zhu Xu , Guo Jun , He Cancan , Geng Huaxiao , Yu Gengsheng , Li Jinqing , Zheng Hairong , Ji Xiaojuan , Yan Fei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPaclitaxel (PTX) has been recognized as a promising drug for intervention of vascular reconstructions. However, it is still difficult to achieve local drug delivery in a spatio-temporally controllable manner under real-time image guidance. Here, we introduce an ultrasound (US) triggered image-guided drug delivery approach to inhibit vascular reconstruction via paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded microbubbles (PLM) in a rabbit iliac balloon injury model. PLM was prepared through encapsulating PTX in the shell of lipid microbubbles via film hydration and mechanical vibration technique. Our results showed PLM could effectively deliver PTX when exposed to US irradiation and result in significantly lower viability of vascular smooth muscle cells. Ultrasonographic examinations revealed the US signals from PLM in the iliac artery were greatly increased after intravenous administration of PLM, making it possible to identify the restenosis regions of iliac artery. The in vivo anti-restenosis experiments with PLM and US greatly inhibited neointimal hyperplasia at the injured site, showing an increased lumen area and reduced the ratio of intima area and the media area (I/M ratio). No obvious functional damages to liver and kidney were observed for those animals. Our study provided a promising approach to realize US triggered image-guided PTX delivery for therapeutic applications against iliac restenosis.
Computer-aided multiple-head 3D printing system for printing of heterogeneous organ/tissue constructs
Authors: Jung Jin Woo , Lee Jung-Seob , Cho Dong-Woo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractRecently, much attention has focused on replacement or/and enhancement of biological tissues via the use of cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds with an architecture that mimics the tissue matrix, and with the desired three-dimensional (3D) external geometry. However, mimicking the heterogeneous tissues that most organs and tissues are formed of is challenging. Although multiple-head 3D printing systems have been proposed for fabricating heterogeneous cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds, to date only the simple exterior form has been realized. Here we describe a computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system for this application. We aim to develop an algorithm to enable easy, intuitive design and fabrication of a heterogeneous cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds with a free-form 3D geometry. The printing paths of the scaffold are automatically generated from the 3D CAD model, and the scaffold is then printed by dispensing four materials; i.e., a frame, two kinds of cell-laden hydrogel and a support. We demonstrated printing of heterogeneous tissue models formed of hydrogel scaffolds using this approach, including the outer ear, kidney and tooth tissue. These results indicate that this approach is particularly promising for tissue engineering and 3D printing applications to regenerate heterogeneous organs and tissues with tailored geometries to treat specific defects or injuries.
Microfluidic model of the platelet-generating organ: beyond bone marrow biomimetics
Authors: Blin Antoine , Le Goff Anne , Magniez Aurélie , Poirault-Chassac Sonia , Teste Bruno , Sicot Géraldine , Nguyen Kim Anh , Hamdi Feriel S. , Reyssat Mathilde , Baruch Dominique 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe present a new, rapid method for producing blood platelets in vitro from cultured megakaryocytes based on a microfluidic device. This device consists in a wide array of VWF-coated micropillars. Such pillars act as anchors on megakaryocytes, allowing them to remain trapped in the device and subjected to hydrodynamic shear. The combined effect of anchoring and shear induces the elongation of megakaryocytes and finally their rupture into platelets and proplatelets. This process was observed with megakaryocytes from different origins and found to be robust. This original bioreactor design allows to process megakaryocytes at high throughput (millions per hour). Since platelets are produced in such a large amount, their extensive biological characterisation is possible and shows that platelets produced in this bioreactor are functional.