bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of different salivary calcium concentrations on the erosion protection conferred by the salivary pellicle
Authors: Baumann T. , Bereiter R. , Lussi A. , Carvalho T. S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDifferent proportions of mineral ions in saliva can influence the protective effect the salivary pellicle provides against dental erosion. To investigate the effect of different calcium concentrations in human saliva on the protection against enamel erosion, enamel specimens were divided into 8 treatment groups: humid chamber (Ctrl); whole mouth stimulated human saliva (HS); artificial saliva containing different calcium concentrations (ASlow, ASmedium, AShigh); and dialysed human saliva containing different calcium concentrations (DSlow, DSmedium, DShigh). The specimens underwent 4 cycles of incubation in the treatment group followed by an erosive challenge. Surface hardness and calcium release were measured during the cycling process. All DS groups exhibited significantly higher enamel surface softening than HS and the corresponding AS groups. Among the DS groups, the surface softening was significantly higher in DSlow than in DShigh. No significant differences were found within the AS or DS groups regarding calcium release. The results of this study indicated that erosion protection conferred by saliva depends on an interplay between salivary proteins and ions. While both proteins and ions have a positive effect on their own, the combination of the two can lead to different degrees of protection or even negative effects, depending on the relative concentrations.
Vector Form of Symmetry Degree
Authors: Dong G. H. , Zhang Z. W. , Sun C. P. , Gong Z. R. 
Published: October 2017

AbsractSymmetry degree is utilized to characterize the asymmetry of a physical system with respect to a symmetry group. The scalar form of symmetry degree (SSD) based on Frobenius-norm has been introduced recently to present a quantitative description of symmetry. Here we present the vector form of the symmetry degree (VSD) which possesses more advantages than the SSD. Mathematically, the dimension of VSD is defined as the conjugacy class number of the symmetry group, the square length of the VSD gives rise to the SSD and the direction of VSD is determined by the orders of the conjugacy classes. The merits of applying VSD both for finite and infinite symmetry groups include the additional information of broken symmetry operators with single symmetry breaking perturbation, and the capability of distinguishing distinct symmetry breaking perturbations which exactly give rise to degenerate SSD. Additionally, the VSD for physical systems under symmetry breaking perturbations can be regarded as a projection of the initial VSD without any symmetry breaking perturbations, which can be described by an evolution equation. There are the same advantages by applying VSD for the accidental degeneracy and spontaneous symmetry breaking.
Superconductivity in Empty Bands and Multiple Order Parameter Chirality
Authors: Joynt Robert , Wu Wen-Chin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRecent experiments have shown rotation of the plane of polarization of light reflected from the surface of some superconductors. The photon energy exceeds the electronic bandwidth, so that completely filled or completely empty bands must play a role. We show that in strong-coupling theory a Coulomb interaction can produce an order parameter in the unoccupied band that explains the observations. Thus the phenomenology puts tight constraints on the form of the order parameter in different bands. We propose that the experiments have detected, for the first time, the existence of a superconducting order parameter in a band far from the Fermi energy. This is only possible because of the sensitivity to delicate symmetries: a positive Kerr effect indicates that time reversal and certain mirror symmetries are broken in the ordered phase. Furthermore, detailed analysis of the results implies that in UPt3 there exist bands that have different order parameter chiralities, opening up complex new possibilities for topological superconductivity.
A New Pedicled Internal Mammary Osteomyocutaneous Chimeric Flap (PIMOC) for Salvage Head and Neck Reconstruction: Anatomic Study and Clinical Application
Authors: Barreiro Guilherme C. , Snider Chelsea C. , Galvão Flavio H. F. , Baptista Rachel R. , Kasai Kiril E. , dos Anjos Daniel M. , Ferreira Marcus C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWell-vascularized composite tissue offers improved outcomes for complex head and neck reconstruction. Patients with vessel-depleted necks and failed reconstructions require alternative reconstructive options. We describe a pedicled internal mammary artery osteomyocutaneous chimeric flap (PIMOC) for salvage head and neck reconstruction. Bilateral dissections of 35 fresh cadavers were performed to study individual tissue components and vascular pedicles to develop the PIMOC technique. The flap was then utilized in a series of patients with vessel-depleted neck anatomy. The PIMOC was dissected bilaterally in all cadavers and there were no statistical differences in vascular pedicle caliber or length with regards to laterality or gender. Five patients subsequently underwent this procedure. The flaps included a vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous component and a 6th or 7th rib with adjacent muscle and skin to restore bone defects, internal lining, and external coverage. All donor sites were closed primarily. There were no flap losses and all patients gained improvements in facial contour, speech and swallow. Although technically complex, the PIMOC is reproducible and provides a safe and reliable option for salvage head and neck reconstruction. The harvest of the 6th or 7th rib and rectus abdominis muscle renders an acceptable donor site.
Turnover and flow of the cell membrane for cell migration
Authors: Tanaka Masahito , Kikuchi Takeomi , Uno Hiroyuki , Okita Keisuke , Kitanishi-Yumura Toshiko , Yumura Shigehiko 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe role of cell membrane dynamics in cell migration is unclear. To examine whether total cell surface area changes are required for cell migration, Dictyostelium cells were flattened by agar-overlay. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that flattened migrating cells have no membrane reservoirs such as projections and membrane folds. Similarly, optical sectioning fluorescence microscopy showed that the cell surface area does not change during migration. Interestingly, staining of the cell membrane with a fluorescent lipid analogue demonstrated that the turnover rate of cell membrane is closely related to the cell migration velocity. Next, to clarify the mechanism of cell membrane circulation, local photobleaching was separately performed on the dorsal and ventral cell membranes of rapidly moving cells. The bleached zones on both sides moved rearward relative to the cell. Thus, the cell membrane moves in a fountain-like fashion, accompanied by a high membrane turnover rate and actively contributing to cell migration.
Protein interaction network of alternatively spliced NudCD1 isoforms
Authors: Asselin-Mullen Patrick , Chauvin Anaïs , Dubois Marie-Line , Drissi Romain , Lévesque Dominique , Boisvert François-Michel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNudCD1, also known as CML66 or OVA66, is a protein initially identified as overexpressed in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. The mRNA of NudCD1 is expressed in heart and testis of normal tissues, and is overexpressed in several cancers. Previous studies have shown that the expression level of the protein correlates with tumoral phenotype, possibly interacting upstream of the Insulin Growth Factor - 1 Receptor (IGF-1R). The gene encoding the NudCD1 protein consists of 12 exons that can be alternative spliced, leading to the expression of three different isoforms. These isoforms possess a common region of 492 amino acids in their C-terminus region and have an isoform specific N-terminus. To determine the distinct function of each isoforms, we have localised the isoforms within the cells using immunofluorescence microscopy and used a quantitative proteomics approach (SILAC) to identify specific protein interaction partners for each isoforms. Localization studies showed a different subcellular distribution for the different isoforms, with the first isoform being nuclear, while the other two isoforms have distinct cytoplasmic and nuclear location. We found that the different NudCD1 isoforms have unique interacting partners, with the first isoform binding to a putative RNA helicase named DHX15 involved in mRNA splicing.
Spatial detection of fetal marker genes expressed at low level in adult human heart tissue
Authors: Asp Michaela , Salmén Fredrik , Ståhl Patrik L. , Vickovic Sanja , Felldin Ulrika , Löfling Marie , Fernandez Navarro José , Maaskola Jonas , Eriksson Maria J. , Persson Bengt , Corbascio Matthias , Persson Hans , Linde Cecilia , Lundeberg Joakim 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHeart failure is a major health problem linked to poor quality of life and high mortality rates. Hence, novel biomarkers, such as fetal marker genes with low expression levels, could potentially differentiate disease states in order to improve therapy. In many studies on heart failure, cardiac biopsies have been analyzed as uniform pieces of tissue with bulk techniques, but this homogenization approach can mask medically relevant phenotypes occurring only in isolated parts of the tissue. This study examines such spatial variations within and between regions of cardiac biopsies. In contrast to standard RNA sequencing, this approach provides a spatially resolved transcriptome- and tissue-wide perspective of the adult human heart, and enables detection of fetal marker genes expressed by minor subpopulations of cells within the tissue. Analysis of patients with heart failure, with preserved ejection fraction, demonstrated spatially divergent expression of fetal genes in cardiac biopsies.
IL-15 promotes human myogenesis and mitigates the detrimental effects of TNFα on myotube development
Authors: O’Leary Mary F. , Wallace Graham R. , Bennett Andrew J. , Tsintzas Kostas , Jones Simon W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractStudies in murine cell lines and in mouse models suggest that IL-15 promotes myogenesis and may protect against the inflammation-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy which occurs in sarcopenia and cachexia. The effects of IL-15 on human skeletal muscle growth and development remain largely uncharacterised. Myogenic cultures were isolated from the skeletal muscle of young and elderly subjects. Myoblasts were differentiated for 8 d, with or without the addition of recombinant cytokines (rIL-15, rTNFα) and an IL-15 receptor neutralising antibody. Although myotubes were 19% thinner in cultures derived from elderly subjects, rIL-15 increased the thickness of myotubes (MTT) from both age groups to a similar extent. Neutralisation of the high-affinity IL-15 receptor binding subunit, IL-15rα in elderly myotubes confirmed that autocrine concentrations of IL-15 also support myogenesis. Co-incubation of differentiating myoblasts with rIL-15 and rTNFα, limited the reduction in MTT and nuclear fusion index (NFI) associated with rTNFα stimulation alone. IL-15rα neutralisation and rTNFα decreased MTT and NFI further. This, coupled with our observation that myotubes secrete IL-15 in response to TNFα stimulation supports the notion that IL-15 serves to mitigate inflammatory skeletal muscle loss. IL-15 may be an effective therapeutic target for the attenuation of inflammation-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy.
Mortalin deficiency suppresses fibrosis and induces apoptosis in keloid spheroids
Authors: Lee Won Jai , Ahn Hyo Min , Na Youjin , Wadhwa Renu , Hong JinWoo , Yun Chae-Ok 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMortalin (Mot) is a mitochondrial chaperone of the heat shock protein 70 family and it’s pro-proliferative and anti-apoptosis functions could be associated with keloid pathogenesis, and blocking of mortalin and its interaction with p53 might be a potential novel target for the treatment of keloid. Therefore, we generated mortalin-specific small hairpin (sh) RNAs (dE1-RGD/GFP/shMot) and introduced into keloid spheroids for examination of its apoptotic and anti-fibrotic effect. On keloid tissues, mortalin expression was higher than adjacent normal tissues and it’s protein expressions were activated keloid fibroblasts (KFs). After primary keloid spheroid were transduced with dE1-RGD/GFP/shMot for knockdown of mortalin, expression of type I, III collagen, fibronectin, and elastin was significantly reduced and transforming growth factor-β1, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases 1 and 2 (Erk 1/2), and Smad 2/3 complex protein expression were decreased. In addition, increased TUNEL activities and cytochrome C were observed. Further, for examine of mortalin and p53 interaction, we performed immunofluorescence analysis. Knockdown of mortalin relocated p53 to the cell nucleus in primary keloid spheroids by dE1-RGD/GFP/shMot transduction. These results support the utility of knockdown of mortalin to induce apoptosis and reduce ECMs expression in keloid spheroid, which may be highly beneficial in treating keloids.
Preparation of near‐infrared Ag2 S quantum dots for detection of bisphenol A in water
Authors: Hu Yanling , Deng Chun , He Yu , Ge Yili , Song Gongwu 
Published: October 2017

The work develops a novel method for the detection of bisphenol A (BPA) based on glutathione (GSH)‐protected silver sulphide quantum dots (Ag2 S QDs), which was simple, fast, non‐toxic, sensitive and selective. Ag2 S QDs were synthesised with a sulphur–hydrazine hydrate complex as the S2− source and GSH as the stabiliser. Ag2 S QDs, near‐infrared QDs, offered the advantages over lower background fluorescence and lower signal loss. The fluorescence peak of Ag2 S QDs at 650 nm was quenched significantly in the presence of BPA. Good linear correlations were obtained over the concentration range from 0 to 60 μM of BPA under optimised conditions. The developed selective and sensitive method presaged more opportunities for the application in environmental samples.
Clinical Assessment of Physical Examination Maneuvers for Superior Labral Anterior to Posterior Lesions
Authors: Somerville Lyndsay , Willits Kevin , Johnson Andrew , Litchfield Robert , LeBel Marie-Eve , Moro Jaydeep , Bryant Dianne 
Published: October 2017

Purpose Shoulder pain and disability pose a diagnostic challenge owing to the numerous etiologies and the potential for multiple disorders to exist simultaneously. The evidence to support the use of clinical tests for superior labral anterior to posterior complex (SLAP) is weak or absent. The purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic validity of physical examination maneuvers for SLAP lesions by performing a methodologically rigorous, clinically applicable study.
Methods We recruited consecutive new shoulder patients reporting pain and/or disability. The physician took a history and indicated their certainty about each possible diagnosis (“certain the diagnosis is absent/present,” or “uncertain requires further testing”). The clinician performed the physical tests for diagnoses where uncertainty remained. Magnetic resonance imaging arthrogram and arthroscopic examination were the gold standards. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios (LRs) and investigated whether combinations of the top tests provided stronger predictions.
Results Ninety-three patients underwent physical examination for SLAP lesions. When using the presence of a SLAP lesion (Types I–V) as disease positive, none of the tests was sensitive (10.3–33.3) although they were moderately specific (61.3–92.6). When disease positive was defined as repaired SLAP lesion (including biceps tenodesis or tenotomy), the sensitivity (10.5–38.7) and specificity (70.6–93.8) of tests improved although not by a substantial amount. None of the tests was found to be clinically useful for predicting repairable SLAP lesions with all LRs close to one. The compression rotation test had the best LR for both definitions of disease (SLAP tear present = 1.8 and SLAP repaired = 1.67). There was no optimal combination of tests for diagnosing repairable SLAP lesions, with at least two tests positive providing the best combination of measurement properties (sensitivity 46.1% and specificity 64.7%).
Conclusion Our study demonstrates that the physical examination tests for SLAP lesions are poor diagnostic indicators of disease. Performing a combination of tests will likely help, although the magnitude of the improvement is minimal. These authors caution clinicians placing confidence in the physical examination tests for SLAP lesions rather we suggest that clinicians rely on diagnostic imaging to confirm this diagnosis.
Effects of Combined Aerobic-Strength Training vs Fitness Education Program in COPD Patients
Authors: Rinaldo Nicoletta , Bacchi Elisabetta , Coratella Giuseppe , Vitali Francesca , Milanese Chiara , Rossi Andrea , Schena Federico , Lanza Massimo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe compared the effects of a new physical activity education program approach (EDU), based on a periodically supervised protocol of different exercise modalities vs traditionally supervised combined strength-endurance training (CT) on health-related factors in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Twenty-eight COPD patients without comorbidities were randomly assigned to receive either EDU or CT. CT was continuously supervised to combine strength-endurance training; EDU was taught to progressively increase the rate of autonomous physical activity, through different training modalities such as Nordic walking, group classes and circuit training. Body composition, walking capacity, muscle strength, flexibility and balance, total daily energy expenditure and quality of life were evaluated at baseline, after 28 weeks training period (3d/week) and after a 14-week follow-up. No adverse events occurred during the interventions. After training, CT and EDU similarly improved walking capacity, body composition and quality of life. However, after 14 weeks of follow-up, such improvements were not maintained. Only in CT, muscle strength and flexibility improved after training but returned to baseline after follow-up. EDU, similar to CT, can effectively and safely improve health-related parameters in COPD patients. EDU could be an attractive alternative to traditional supervised training for improving quality of life in COPD patients.
Im Gespräch mit COPD-Patienten: patientenzentriert kommunizieren
Authors: Stenzel N. , Kenn K. , Steinkamp G. 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Lebensqualität von COPD-Patienten ist häufig deutlich beeinträchtigt. Neben den körperlichen Limitationen der Betroffenen treten häufig psychische Komorbiditäten auf. Damit gehen häufig auch dysfunktionale Annahmen der Betroffenen in Bezug auf ihre Erkrankung und deren Behandlung einher. Diese können nicht nur die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen weiter beeinträchtigen, sondern auch Auswirkungen auf die Kommunikation zwischen Arzt und Patient sowie das Krankheitsverhalten haben. Aus diesem Grund ist es wichtig, dass Behandler sie im Dialog mit dem Patienten berücksichtigen. Der folgende Beitrag thematisiert, welches Gewicht dysfunktionalen Krankheitsannahmen und psychischen Komorbiditäten bei COPD zukommt, und geht auf die Möglichkeiten ein, diese im Arzt-Patient-Kontakt positiv zu berücksichtigen.
Häufigkeit von Komorbiditäten bei der stationären Behandlung von Essstörungen und Adipositas bei Mädchen und jungen Frauen
Authors: Muehleck Julia , Richter Felicitas , Adametz Luise , Strauß Bernhard , Berger Uwe 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Erfassung der Häufigkeiten von psychischen und somatischen Komorbiditäten bei stationär behandelten Patientinnen mit Essstörungen und Adipositas.
Methodik Es wurden Sekundärdaten von Patientinnen (11 – 25 Jahre, N = 1269) der gesetzlichen Krankenkasse AOK PLUS in Thüringen analysiert.
Ergebnisse Die häufigsten Komorbiditäten waren affektive Störungen, neurotische, Belastungs- und somatoforme sowie Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Krankheiten des Verdauungssystems. Fast die Hälfte der Patientinnen mit Essstörungen war von psychischen Komorbiditäten betroffen. Die Mehrheit adipöser Patientinnen litt an zusätzlichen somatischen Erkrankungen.
Schlussfolgerung Psychische Komorbiditäten sind bei Essstörungen mit durchschnittlich 43,3 % viel häufiger als bei Adipositas (max. 12,7 % bei Adipositas Grad III). Es erscheint daher weiterhin gerechtfertigt, auch hochgradige Adipositas nicht als Essstörung zu bezeichnen.
Sexualität beginnt im Tanz zwischen Eltern und Kind
Säuglingsforschung, Neuropsychologie und körperorientierte
Psychotherapie liefern Anregungen für die Paar- und
Sexualtherapie
Authors: Eberhard-Kaechele Marianne , Gnirss-Bormet Ruth 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungIm Säuglingsalter und in der erwachsenen Sexualität spielen nonverbale
Interaktionen eine wesentliche Rolle. Ergebnisse aus der Säuglings- und
Kleinkindforschung, der neuropsychologischen Hirnforschung und der
körperorientierten Psychotherapie ermöglichen uns ein neues Verständnis für
individuelle Schwierigkeiten, die in der Partnerschaft und in der sexuellen
Begegnung vorkommen. Dieses Verstehen bildet die Grundlage für
Bewegungsexperimente, die neue Erfahrungen ermöglichen. Die
körperpsychotherapeutische Technik des „verdeckten Vorgehens“ geht dabei
indirekt (funktional, abstrakt oder symbolisch) in Bewegung auf Probleme ein,
sodass Stärken erschlossen werden, ohne Ängste und Scham der PatientInnen zu
mobilisieren. Sexualität kann auf diese Weise in Einzel-, Paar und
Gruppentherapien thematisiert werden.
Angehörige von drogenabhängigen Menschen – Suchterkrankungen aus einer anderen Perspektive
Authors: Ruckstuhl Lea 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Situation von Angehörigen von heroin- und kokainabhängigen Menschen wurde in der Schweiz bisher nur wenig wissenschaftlich untersucht. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat deshalb einen explorativen Charakter. Im Zentrum der Untersuchung stand die Frage, welche Auswirkungen die Suchterkrankung eines nahestehenden Menschen auf die psychische Gesundheit der Angehörigen hat und welche Rolle Bewältigungsstrategien in diesem Zusammenhang spielen. Mittels standardisierten Fragebögen wurden die Daten erhoben. Die Auswertung erfolgte über multiple lineare Regressionsmodelle, die folgende Ergebnisse brachten: Je stärker sich Angehörige durch die Abhängigkeitserkrankung belastet fühlten und je mehr Sorgen sie hatten in Bezug auf Finanzen, Gesundheit, Arbeit und Beziehungen, desto höher war ihr Risiko die Kriterien einer klinisch relevanten Depression zu erfüllen. 27,3% der befragten Angehörigen erfüllten zum Zeitpunkt der Befragung die Kriterien einer klinisch relevanten Depression, was deutlich über der erwarteten 12-Monatsprävalenz von 7% in der Schweizer Bevölkerung lag. Dabei spielen insbesondere die Bewältigungsstrategien, die Angehörige anwenden eine wichtige Rolle. So zeigte sich, dass insbesondere negative Bewältigungsstrategien, die das Stresserleben erhöhen mit einer höheren Depressivität assoziiert sind. Positive Bewältigungsstrategien, die das Stresserleben reduzieren, scheinen dagegen keine protektive Wirkung zu haben. Insgesamt legen die Ergebnisse nahe, dass Angehörige in der Schweiz besser unterstützt und in der Forschung als auch im klinischen Alltag mehr Beachtung bekommen sollten.
1.4 Metal-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclizations Involving Cyclopropane and Cyclopropene Ring Opening
Authors: Tang X.-Y. , Shi M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDue to the ring strain of cyclopropane rings, transition-metal catalysts can easily undergo an oxidative addition with the cyclopropane moiety of methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) to give trimethylenemethane (TMM) intermediates. Subsequent intramolecular cyclization with unsaturated systems takes place to give cyclized products. Moreover, in the presence of a chiral ligand, high enantioselectivity can be achieved. The ring-fused products are versatile building blocks in organic synthesis.