bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rib fractures after reirradiation plus hyperthermia for recurrent breast cancer
Authors: Oldenborg Sabine , Valk Christel , van Os Rob , Oei Bing , Venselaar Jack , Vörding Paul Zum Vörde Sive , van Randen Adriënne , Crezee Hans , van Tienhoven Geertjan , Rasch Coen 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Background
Combining reirradiation (reRT) and hyperthermia (HT) has shown high therapeutic value for patients with locoregional recurrent breast cancer (LR). However, additional toxicity of reirradiation (e.g., rib fractures) may occur. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of potential risk factors on the occurrence of rib fractures.

Patients and methods
From 1982–2005, 234 patients were treated with adjuvant reRT + HT after surgery for LR. ReRT consisted typically of 8 fractions of  4 Gy twice a week, or 12 fractions of  3 Gy four times a week. A total of 118 patients were irradiated with abutted photon and electron fields. In all, 60 patients were irradiated using either one or alternating combinations of abutted AP electron fields. Hyperthermia was given once or twice a week.

Results
The 5-year infield local control (LC) rate was 70 %. Rib fractures were detected in 16 of 234 patients (actuarial risk: 7 % at 5 years). All rib fractures occurred in patients treated with a combination of photon and abutted electron fields (p = 0.000); in 15 of 16 patients fractures were located in the abutment regions. The other significant predictive factors for rib fractures were a higher fraction dose (p = 0.040), large RT fields, and treatment before the year 2000.

Discussion and conclusion
ReRT + HT results in long-term LC. The majority of rib fractures were located in the photon/electron abutment area, emphasizing the disadvantage of field overlap. Large abutted photon/electron fields combined with 4 Gy fractions increase the number of rib fractures in this study group. However, as these factors were highly correlated no relative importance of the individual factors could be estimated. Increasing the number of HT sessions a week does not increase the risk of rib fractures.
Prevalence of repeat pregnancies and associated factors among teenagers in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa
Authors: Mphatswe Wendy , Maise Hopolang , Sebitloane Motshedisi 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of repeat teenage pregnancy and the interval between first/most recent and repeat pregnancies, as well as to evaluate the sexual/reproductive health characteristics of teenagers with repeat pregnancies.MethodsA prospective observational study was undertaken at a hospital in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa, between May and September 2013. Teenagers aged 13–19 years who were pregnant, had recently delivered, or had terminated a pregnancy were enrolled. A questionnaire was used to obtain data.ResultsAmong 341 participants, 281 (82.4%) were seen for a first pregnancy and 60 (17.6%) for a repeat pregnancy. The interval between first/most recent and repeat pregnancies was 24 months or lower in 45 (75.0%) of repeat pregnancy participants. Only 58 (17.0%) participants had previously used contraception (54 [93.1%] of whom stopped within 12 months) and 28 (8.2%) had used emergency contraception. More participants with repeat pregnancy than with first pregnancy had a positive HIV status (18 [30.0%] vs 26 [9.3%]; P < 0.001), more than one sexual partner in the past 12 months (21 [35.0%] vs 35 [12.5%]; P < 0.001), and a partner at least 5 years older (38 [63.3%] vs 128 [45.6%]; P < 0.001).ConclusionHigh repeat pregnancy rates, low contraception use, and high HIV prevalence among teenagers in South Africa is worrying. Focused interventions targeting teenagers following their first pregnancy need to be urgently implemented.
Magma sources in the mantle wedge beneath the volcanoes of the Klyuchevskoy group and Kizimen based on seismic tomography modeling
Authors: Koulakov I.Yu. , Kukarina E.V. , Gordeev E.I. , Chebrov V.N. , Vernikovsky V.A. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
This study presents a 3D model of the P and S seismic velocities above the Kamchatkan slab obtained as a result of tomographic inversion of arrival times of body waves from deep seismicity in the subduction zone. Various tests performed have shown limitations of the spatial resolution of the model and provided arguments for the reliability of the major structures used in the interpretation. In the uppermost layer down to 20 km depth, the model reveals strong low-velocity anomalies coinciding with Holocene volcanoes of the Klyuchevskoy group and Kizimen. In the seismogenic zone at depths from 80 to 150 km, we observe a low-velocity anomaly, which probably reflects the presence of the relatively thick oceanic crust sinking together with the subducting slab. This anomaly may also represent a zone of phase transitions, melting, and release of fluids from the slab. In the cross sections, we observe vertical and inclined low-velocity anomalies connecting the slab with the volcanic groups that probably represent the paths of ascending fluids and melts, which feed the volcanoes. In the case of Kizimen, we observe a single conduit connecting the volcano with the slab transformation area at 100 km depth. Beneath the Klyuchevskoy group, we identify several linear inclined patterns having different dipping angles. This may show that the volcanoes of the group are fed from different segments of the slab and might be one of the reasons for the diversity of lava compositions in the volcanoes of the Klyuchevskoy group.
Dynamics of Quantised Vortices in Superfluids
Authors: Sonin Edouard B. 
Published: February 2016

A comprehensive overview of the basic principles of vortex dynamics in superfluids, this book addresses the problems of vortex dynamics in all three superfluids available in laboratories (4He, 3He, and BEC of cold atoms) alongside discussions of the elasticity of vortices, forces on vortices, and vortex mass. Beginning with a summary of classical hydrodynamics, the book guides the reader through examinations of vortex dynamics from large scales to the microscopic scale. Topics such as vortex arrays in rotating superfluids, bound states in vortex cores and interaction of vortices with quasiparticles are discussed. The final chapter of the book considers implications of vortex dynamics to superfluid turbulence using simple scaling and symmetry arguments. Written from a unified point of view that avoids complicated mathematical approaches, this text is ideal for students and researchers working with vortex dynamics in superfluids, superconductors, magnetically ordered materials, neutron stars and cosmological models.
Restoring a nearly free-standing character of graphene on Ru(0001) by oxygen intercalation
Authors: Voloshina Elena , Berdunov Nikolai , Dedkov Yuriy 
Published: February 2016

AbstractRealization of a free-standing graphene is always a demanding task. Here we use scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy to study the crystallographic structure and electronic properties of the uniform nearly free-standing graphene layers obtained by intercalation of oxygen monolayer in the “strongly” bonded graphene/Ru(0001) interface. Spectroscopic data show that such graphene layer is heavily p-doped with the Dirac point located at 552 meV above the Fermi level. Experimental data are understood within density-functional theory approach and the observed effects are in good agreement with the theoretical data.
Thermoelectric Power in Bilayer Graphene Device with Ionic Liquid Gating
Authors: Chien Yung-Yu , Yuan Hongtao , Wang Chang-Ran , Lee Wei-Li 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe quest for materials showing large thermoelectric power has long been one of the important subjects in material science and technology. Such materials have great potential for thermoelectric cooling and also high figure of merit ZT thermoelectric applications. We have fabricated bilayer graphene devices with ionic-liquid gating in order to tune its band gap via application of a perpendicular electric field on a bilayer graphene. By keeping the Fermi level at charge neutral point during the cool-down, we found that the charge puddles effect can be greatly reduced and thus largely improve the transport properties at low T in graphene-based devices using ionic liquid gating. At (Vig, Vbg) = (−1 V, +23 V), a band gap of about 36.6 ± 3 meV forms and a nearly 40% enhancement of thermoelectric power at T = 120 K is clearly observed. Our works demonstrate the feasibility of band gap tuning in a bilayer graphene using ionic liquid gating. We also remark on the significant influence of the charge puddles effect in ionic-liquid-based devices.
First-Principles Investigation to Ionization of Argon Under Conditions Close to Typical Sonoluminescence Experiments
Authors: Kang Wei , Zhao Shijun , Zhang Shen , Zhang Ping , Chen Q. F. , He Xian-Tu 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMott effect, featured by a sharp increase of ionization, is one of the unique properties of partially ionized plasmas and thus of great interest to astrophysics and inertial confinement fusion. Recent experiments of single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) revealed that strong ionization took place at a density two orders lower than usual theoretical expectation. We show from the perspective of electronic structures that the strong ionization is unlikely the result of Mott effect in a pure argon plasma. Instead, first-principles calculations suggest that other ion species from aqueous environments can energetically fit in the gap between the continuum and the top of occupied states of argon, making the Mott effect possible. These results would help to clarify the relationship between SBSL and Mott effect and further to gain an better understanding of partially ionized plasmas.
Probing of multiple magnetic responses in magnetic inductors using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Park Seongjae , Seo Hosung , Seol Daehee , Yoon Young-Hwan , Kim Mi Yang , Kim Yunseok 
Published: February 2016

AbstractEven though nanoscale analysis of magnetic properties is of significant interest, probing methods are relatively less developed compared to the significance of the technique, which has multiple potential applications. Here, we demonstrate an approach for probing various magnetic properties associated with eddy current, coil current and magnetic domains in magnetic inductors using multidimensional magnetic force microscopy (MMFM). The MMFM images provide combined magnetic responses from the three different origins, however, each contribution to the MMFM response can be differentiated through analysis based on the bias dependence of the response. In particular, the bias dependent MMFM images show locally different eddy current behavior with values dependent on the type of materials that comprise the MI. This approach for probing magnetic responses can be further extended to the analysis of local physical features.
Miniaturised multiband directional dipole antenna
Authors: Lee Kwang‐jae , Lee Taek‐kyung 
Published: February 2016

A miniaturised multiband directional dipole antenna for mobile communication applications is proposed. The proposed antenna consists of electromagnetically coupled two‐dipoles with a folded reflector and inverted L‐shape stubs on the edge of the folded reflector. The stubs are used to obtain a reduction of the antenna size. The occupied volume of the proposed antenna is 0.34 λ0 × 0.29 λ0 × 0.10 λ0. (λ0 is the wavelength at 900 MHz) To provide multiband characteristics, the radiator designed electromagnetically coupled two‐dipoles with dual resonance frequencies. The performance of the proposed structure successfully covers the frequency bands of 700–1000 MHz and 1700–2700 MHz.
TiN/PECVD‐Si3N4/TiN diaphragm‐based capacitive‐type MEMS acoustic sensor
Authors: Lee J. , Jeon J.H. , Kim Y.‐G. , Lee S.Q. , Yang W.S. , Lee J.S. , Lee S.‐G. 
Published: February 2016

A capacitive‐type MEMS acoustic sensor with a planarised TiN/plasma‐enhanced chemical vapour deposition ‐Si3N4/TiN diaphragm based on a polyimide sacrificial layer is presented. The multi‐layer diaphragm has the effective residual stress of +31.5 MPa. Furthermore, this sensor features a 21% lower parasitic capacitance and a 56% lower air‐gap resistance in comparison with those of a sensor fabricated without planarisation. Five photomasks were used. In addition, to evaluate the frequency response, both an effective capacitance model and an equivalent circuit model equipped with a voltage‐controlled voltage source are newly proposed and compared with conventional models. The open‐circuit sensitivity is modelled to −45.4 dBV/Pa at 1 kHz with 9.6 V, indicating a difference of 0.9 dB in comparison with the open‐circuit sensitivity of the conventional model.
Uso do prontuário eletrônico na assistência pré-natal às portadoras de diabetes na gestação
Authors: Feitosa Alina Coutinho Rodrigues , Ávila Amado Nizarala de 
Published: February 2016

Resumo
Objetivo Apresentar e validar um registro eletrônico de saúde (RES) multifuncional para atendimento ambulatorial a portadoras de endocrinopatias na gestação e comparar a taxa de preenchimento de informações de saúde com o prontuário convencional.
Métodos Desenvolvemos um RES denominado Ambulatório de Endocrinopatias na Gestação eletrônico (AMBEG) para registro sistematizado das informações de saúde. O AMBEG foi utilizado para atendimento obstétrico e endocrinológico de gestantes acompanhadas no ambulatório de endocrinopatias na gestação na maternidade referência em gestação de alto risco na Bahia, no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2013. Aleatoriamente foram selecionadas 100 pacientes atendidas com o AMBEG e 100 pacientes atendidas com prontuário convencional com registro em papel e comparou-se a taxa de preenchimento de informações clínicas.
Resultados Foram realizados 1461 atendimentos com o AMBEG: 253, 963 e 245 respectivamente, admissões, consultas de seguimento e puerpério. Eram portadoras de diabetes 77,2% e sendo 60,1% portadoras de diabetes pré-gestacional. O AMBEG substituiu, satisfatoriamente, o prontuário convencional. O percentual de informações clínicas registradas em ambos os prontuários foi significativamente maior no AMBEG: queixas clínicas (100 versus 87%, p < 0,01), altura uterina (89 versus 75%, p = 0,01), ganho de peso total (91 versus 40%, p < 0,01) e dados específicos sobre o diabetes (dieta, esquema de insulina, controle glicêmico e manejo de hipoglicemias) revelando diferença significativa (p < 0,01). A possibilidade de exportar dados clínicos para planilhas facilitou e agilizou a análise estatística de dados.
Conclusões O AMBEG é uma ferramenta útil no atendimento clínico a mulheres portadoras de endocrinopatias na gestação. A taxa de preenchimento de informações clínicas foi superior à do prontuário convencional.
R76 in transmembrane domain 3 of the aspartate:alanine transporter AspT is involved in substrate transport
Authors: Suzuki Satomi , Nanatani Kei , Abe Keietsu 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The l-aspartate:l-alanine antiporter of Tetragenococcus halophilus (AspT) possesses an arginine residue (R76) within the GxxxG motif in the central part of transmembrane domain 3 (TM3)—a residue that has been estimated to transport function. In this study, we carried out amino acid substitutions of R76 and used proteoliposome reconstitution for analyzing the transport function of each substitution. Both l-aspartate and l-alanine transport assays showed that R76K has higher activity than the AspT-WT (R76), whereas R76D and R76E have lower activity than the AspT-WT. These results suggest that R76 is involved in AspT substrate transport.
Leveraging cues from person-generated health data for peer matching in online communities
Authors: Hartzler Andrea L , Taylor Megan N , Park Albert , Griffiths Troy , Backonja Uba , McDonald David W , Wahbeh Sam , Brown Cory , Pratt Wanda 
Published: February 2016

Objective Online health communities offer a diverse peer support base, yet users can struggle to identify suitable peer mentors as these communities grow. To facilitate mentoring connections, we designed a peer-matching system that automatically profiles and recommends peer mentors to mentees based on person-generated health data (PGHD). This study examined the profile characteristics that mentees value when choosing a peer mentor.Materials and Methods Through a mixed-methods user study, in which cancer patients and caregivers evaluated peer mentor recommendations, we examined the relative importance of four possible profile elements: health interests, language style, demographics, and sample posts. Playing the role of mentees, the study participants ranked mentors, then rated both the likelihood that they would hypothetically contact each mentor and the helpfulness of each profile element in helping the make that decision. We analyzed the participants’ ratings with linear regression and qualitatively analyzed participants’ feedback for emerging themes about choosing mentors and improving profile design.Results Of the four profile elements, only sample posts were a significant predictor for the likelihood of a mentee contacting a mentor. Communication cues embedded in posts were critical for helping the participants choose a compatible mentor. Qualitative themes offer insight into the interpersonal characteristics that mentees sought in peer mentors, including being knowledgeable, sociable, and articulate. Additionally, the participants emphasized the need for streamlined profiles that minimize the time required to choose a mentor.Conclusion Peer-matching systems in online health communities offer a promising approach for leveraging PGHD to connect patients. Our findings point to interpersonal communication cues embedded in PGHD that could prove critical for building mentoring relationships among the growing membership of online health communities.
ULXs: Neutron stars versus black holes
Authors: King Andrew , Lasota Jean–Pierre 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We consider ultraluminous X–ray systems (ULXs) where the accretor is a neutron star rather than a black hole. We show that the recently discovered example (M82 X–2) fits naturally into the simple picture of ULXs as beamed X–ray sources fed at super-Eddington rates, provided that its magnetic field is weaker (≃1011G) than a new-born X-ray pulsar, as expected if there has been mass gain. Continuing accretion is likely to weaken the field to the point that pulsing stops, and make the system indistinguishable from a ULX containing a black hole. Accordingly we suggest that a significant fraction of all ULXs may actually contain neutron star accretors rather than black holes, reflecting the neutron-star fraction among their X-ray binary progenitors. We emphasize that neutron-star ULXs are likely to have higher apparent luminosities than black hole ULXs for a given mass transfer rate, as their tighter beaming outweighs their lower Eddington luminosities. This further increases the likely proportion of neutron-star accretors among all ULXs. Cygnus X–2 is probably a typical descendant of neutron-star ULXs, which may therefore ultimately end as millisecond pulsar binaries with massive white dwarf companions.
p16 Immunohistochemistry in Colposcope-Directed and Random Cervical Biopsies of CIN2 and CIN3
Authors: Arvizo Cynthia , Chen Qing , Du Hui , Wang Chun , Tang Jinlong , Yang Bin , Pretorius Robert G. , Wu Ruifang , Belinson Jerome Leslie 
Published: February 2016

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine if there is a different p16 expression pattern between colposcope-directed and random (colposcope-undetectable) biopsies of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2) and CIN3.

Methods
Cervical biopsies that were positive for CIN2 or CIN3 were selected from a database of samples acquired during a large population-based clinical trial in Guangdong Province in China (Shenzhen Cervical Cancer Screening Study II). Blocks were recut, reread, and then immunostained for p16. Biopsies were categorized as either colposcope-directed or random biopsies. Diffuse staining was considered p16 positive, whereas focal or no staining was considered p16 negative. Differences were determined by the Fisher exact test.

Results
Among the patients with CIN3, there were 232 individual biopsies of CIN3. Sixty were randomly collected, and 172 were colposcopy directed. p16 positivity for the colposcope-directed and random biopsies was 97.7% and 91.7%, respectively (p = 0.052). Like the CIN3 biopsies, colposcope-directed and random CIN2 samples expressed p16 similarly (86.8% [46/53] and 82.6% [19/23], p = .73, respectively).

Conclusions
Based on our data, even small colposcope-undetectable biopsies of CIN3 are significant. Random biopsies of CIN2 or CIN3 demonstrate similar p16 positivity as visible lesions and therefore might be expected to have a similar natural history.
High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Detected by Colposcopy-Directed or Random Biopsy Relative to Age, Cytology, Human Papillomavirus 16, and Lesion Size
Authors: Chen Qing , Du Hui , Pretorius Robert G. , Wang Chun , Yang Bin , Wang Guixiang , Tang Jinlong , Belinson Jerome L. , Wu Ruifang 
Published: February 2016

Objective
The aim of the study was to determine whether p16 positive/cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2, 3, and cancer (p16 + CIN 2/3+) detected by colposcopy-directed or random biopsy differ by age, referral cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) 16, and lesion size.

Materials and Methods
Data from the Shenzhen Cervical Cancer Screening Trial II where, at colposcopy, women who had directed and random cervical biopsies were reviewed to find women with CIN 2, 3, or cancer; 227 such women identified had their paraffin-embedded tissue blocks recut, reviewed, and then immune stained for p16. Data were analyzed by χ2, Fisher exact test, and linear regression.

Results
After histopathologic review and p16 staining of CIN 2, 175 women were diagnosed with p16 + CIN 2/3+. When compared with those diagnosed by colposcopy-directed biopsy (n = 138), those diagnosed by random biopsy (n = 37) were more likely to have Cytology-Lo (cytology of negative, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; p = .07), less likely to have HPV 16 (p = .041), more likely to be 51 years or older (p = .022), and more likely to have 1 quadrant lesions (p < .001). Logistic regression analysis showed p16 + CIN 2/3+ diagnosed by random biopsy was predicted by 1 quadrant lesions (p < .0001) and age of 51 years or older (p = .03) but not by Cytology-Lo (p = .71) nor HPV 16 (p = .26).

Conclusions
Women with p16 + CIN 2/3+ diagnosed by random biopsy are older and less likely to have HPV 16; hence, CIN diagnosed by random biopsy may not be as virulent as CIN diagnosed by colposcopy-directed biopsy. Regardless, we advise that CIN diagnosed by random biopsy be viewed like CIN diagnosed by colposcopy-directed biopsy.