bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development, implementation, and evaluation of an app-based functional social relationships promotion program for cancer patients: A protocol study
Authors: Zarei Bahare , Beigi-Harchegani Hossein , Bahrami Masoud 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Cancer is a substantial public health issue in Iran and around the world. According to data consolidated from several studies, many cancer patients face social problems, such as issues with interpersonal relationships. This study aims to develop, implement, and evaluate a functional social relationships promotion program for cancer patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is a development-applied study with four phases. Based on the planning model of Ewles and Simnett, by reviewing the extensive literature and databases, the need for the functional aspect of cancer patients’ social relationships was identified in the first phase. An expert panel will prioritize the needs, and the preliminary version of the program will be finalized, and the relevant content to be presented through the app will be extracted. The required app features and architecture will be determined in the second phase, and the app will be developed. Next, the developed app will be made available to the designated contacts, and its quality and usability will be assessed. In the fourth phase, a semi-experimental study intervention and its impact on the functional aspect of social relationships will be evaluated.

CONCLUSION:
The study will lead to an app-based program that may potentially enhance the functional social relationships of cancer patients. Due to the established impact of social relationships on health and quality of life, it is imperative for health policymakers to address the social relationship needs of cancer patients. This study’s findings may offer valuable insights to policymakers in this regard.
Thoracic squeezing on airway secretion and respiratory parameters in mechanically ventilated patients: An interventional study
Authors: Thenmozhi P , Dineshkumar P , Bhuvaneswari G , Minolin T Mary , Tamilselvi S 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
The most common method for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia is maintaining airway clearance for efficient gas exchange, achieved by removing secretion through endotracheal or tracheal suctioning. Clearing the airway can be effectively achieved through various techniques, including thoracic squeezing. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of thoracic squeezing on airway clearance, and respiratory parameters among mechanically ventilated patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A true experimental study was conducted with 60 mechanically ventilated patients who met the inclusion criteria in the ICUs and were randomly assigned to the study group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 30). Pre-intervention assessments of airway secretion, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and heart rate were measured before suctioning for both groups. Thoracic squeezing was administered to the study group 5 minutes before suctioning, while the control group received the hospital’s routine care practices. Post-intervention assessments 1 and 2 were measured immediately and 15 minutes after suctioning, and the same process continued for three days in both groups.

RESULTS:
The mean scores of airway secretion, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and heart rate from the pre- and post-intervention assessments 1 and 2 were compared using repeated measures ANOVA. The results revealed a high level of statistical significance (P < 0.001) for airway secretion and oxygen saturation and statistical significance (P < 0.05) for respiratory rate. However, no significant changes were observed in heart rate. An unpaired t-test revealed that participants in the study group were significantly (P < 0.001) more effective in airway secretion and oxygen saturation than in the control group participants.

CONCLUSION:
The current study’s findings concluded that thoracic squeezing before endotracheal and tracheal suctioning enhances secretion removal, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate without significant changes in heart rate among mechanically ventilated patients. Its notable influence could provide policymakers with valuable insights to make well-informed decisions, focused on improving healthcare systems and outcomes, especially within intensive care units.
Quality of work-life and priority improvement areas among nurses working in selected hospitals at Jodhpur – An exploratory survey
Authors: Gangadevi P. , Nayak Shalini Ganesh , Sheilini Melita , Kumar Ashok 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
The assessment of nursing care quality is integral in assessing healthcare quality. The constantly evolving healthcare landscape directly impacts the working conditions, workload, and overall quality of work life (QWL) for nurses.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
A quantitative exploratory survey was conducted in two phases among nurses working at government and private hospitals with the aim of identifying QWL and priority improvement areas. In phase I, the QWL was assessed by Brook’s quality of nursing work life (QNWL) survey tool among 81 and 73 nurses working at government and private hospitals, respectively. Phase II had focus group discussion (FGD) among nurses with moderate and high QWL to obtain priority improvement areas from both sectors.

RESULTS:
The results revealed that the mean and standard deviation (±SD) of QWL scores in government 172 (±26.81) and private 178 (±30.76) hospital nurses with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.181). Priority improvement areas identified were improving the societal image on nursing, addressing communication gap, positive punishment policy, training programs, and other supportive healthcare assistants among government hospitals nurses and the need for salary increase, necessity to improve the image of nurses in society, requirement for training programs, and higher studies among private hospital nurses.

CONCLUSION:
The majority of nurses in both government and private hospitals reported moderate to high levels of Quality of Life (QOL), yet expressed a desire for an enhanced public perception of nursing. By fostering improved communication, involving nurses in decision-making processes, and providing clear role definitions, we can elevate job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and performance, ultimately leading to decent work, economic growth, and reduced turnover rates.
Self-esteem, body image, and associated factors among female and male university students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Achak Doha , Azizi Asmaa , Boutib Amal , Chergaoui Samia , Youlyouz-Marfak Ibtissam , Elmadani Saad , Nejjari Chakib , Hilali Abderraouf , Marfak Abdelghafour 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
An empirical approach to self-esteem and its associated factors is crucial during youth, when ranking and physical appearance significantly impact self-esteem. Enhancing self-esteem helps students appreciate individual characteristics and maintain a positive body image despite unhealthy exposures. This study aimed to fill the gap on self-esteem in Moroccan university students, considering sex-specific differences and associated factors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 654 students from various Moroccan universities. An online questionnaire was used including questions about sociodemographic factors, such as age and sex, body image figure scale to measure body image perception and satisfaction, and the Rosenberg scale of self-esteem.

RESULTS:
Females were observed to be more satisfied with their body shape and weight compared to males. Males were significantly more dissatisfied with their weight due to their desire to be heavier, while females generally wanted to lose weight. Additionally, we found a significant correlation between marital status, socioeconomic status, and place of residency during studies in relation to self-esteem. Single students with low socioeconomic status and those living in university housing had lower self-esteem than their counterparts. Overall, male students desired to gain weight, whereas female students wanted to lose weight.

CONCLUSION:
Females were more satisfied with their bodies than males, who wanted to be heavier, while females wanted to lose weight. Lower self-esteem was linked to being single, having low socioeconomic status, and living in university housing. Innovative strategies are required to ensure better appreciation of the actual body size and promote healthy self-esteem.
Unspecified Drug Overdose Deaths and State Policy Changes: A Case Study of Local Coroners
Authors: Canada Meredith L. , Farnworth Morgan D. , Keyes Kelly A. , Cunningham Ryan , Ray Bradley , Buchanich Jeanine M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
A lack of standardization in death investigation procedures is associated with a significant undercounting of opioid-related overdoses in the United States. Because overdose fatality statistics are often used to allocate federal and state funding, inaccuracies can worsen the gap between actual and needed death investigation resources.

Aims and Objectives:
This case study examines Indiana’s legislative efforts to improve toxicology surveillance and its impact on county coroners.

Materials and Methods:
First, the proportion of unspecified overdose deaths were examined by comparing Indiana and the United States using CDC WONDER data from 2016-2020. Second, we surveyed Indiana coroners’ offices on their perceptions of the law’s requirements, available resources, and barriers to compliance.

Results:
We first describe fatal overdose trends in Indiana from 2016 to 2020, noting its overall improvement in identifying opioid-related deaths. Next, we present results from a survey of 30 coroners’ offices, focusing on their perceptions of the requirements, available resources, and barriers to compliance. Finally, we consider successes and areas of improvement.

Conclusion:
This case study highlights the importance of state efforts to improve toxicology surveillance, especially in decentralized county coroner systems.
Knowledge and Awareness of Machine Learning and AI among Dental Undergraduate Students: A Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Kukreja Pankaj 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
This study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) among dental undergraduate students.

Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 400 dental students. The questionnaire assessed demographics, knowledge, and attitudes toward AI and ML in dentistry. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis.

Results:
The study revealed that 67% of students had heard of AI, while only 35% were familiar with ML. Clinical students had significantly higher knowledge compared to preclinical students (P < 0.01). Although 75% recognized AI’s potential in dentistry, only 40% felt confident using AI without further training. 55% expressed concerns about AI replacing human dentists.

Conclusions:
The study highlights a gap in AI and ML knowledge among dental students, emphasizing the need for AI-focused education in dental curricula to better prepare students for future practice.
In Vitro Evaluation of Apical Debris Extrusion in Primary Teeth Using Rotary and Hand Files
Authors: Chaudhary Shaila , Patel Nikhil , Patel Harshangi , Mamindla Apoorva , Kumar Medum Shabharish S. , Prasad K. Vishnu , Shandilya Shivani 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This research used two distinct pediatric rotary files and traditional manual files for evaluation and contrast of the amount of apically extruded debris during root canal cleaning in deciduous teeth.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty maxillary deciduous central incisors that showed no symptoms of resorption were removed and enrolled in the study. Three distinct file systems were used in the preparation of the canals: Group 1: Manual K-files (Uniflex NiTi K-Files), Group 2: Kedo SG Blue files (Kedo Dental, Chennai, India), and Group 3: Pro AF baby gold files (Kids-e-Dental, India). Apical extrusion was gathered and desiccated in Eppendorf tubes that had been previously weighed. The weight measured preoperative was deducted from the postoperative weight to get the dry weight. To examine the data’s statistics, we applied a one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results:
Rotary file systems produced considerably a lesser debris extrusion than the hand files (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Debris was apically ejected from primary teeth by all the groups. The extrusion of debris apically was reduced while using Pro AF baby gold files.
Ophthalmological changes in celiac disease: A review of the literature
Authors: dos Santos Ana Beatriz Piromali , Lima Júlia Mendes , Silva Andressa Paulon , Gouvêa Gabriella Fouraux , de Andrade Thais Piedade , de Andrade Eric Pinheiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune enteropathy triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals, which affects approximately 1% of the world population. The main genetic factors associated with the development of celiac disease are human leukocyte antigens, mainly types DQ2 and DQ8, for which most patients with this condition are positive. It is known that the inflammatory process present in celiac disease is mediated especially by CD4 T-cells, antibodies against wheat gliadin, and the enzyme transglutaminase 2. The classic form of celiac disease is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, although extraintestinal manifestations can be found in more than 50% of cases, including visual changes. The pathophysiological mechanisms of ophthalmological manifestations associated with celiac disease include malabsorption and autoimmune dysfunctions, capable of leading to involvement of the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. This review aims to gather the main ophthalmological manifestations associated with celiac disease, as well as to explain its pathophysiological mechanisms.
MicroRNA-122-5p is upregulated in diabetic foot ulcers and decelerates the transition from the inflammatory to the proliferative stage
Authors: Yuan Mei-Jie , Huang He-Chen , Shi Hong-Shuo , Hu Xiao-Ming , Zhao Zhuo , Chen Yu-Qi , Fan Wei-Jing , Sun Jian , Liu Guo-Bin 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Shifting from the inflammatory to the proliferative phase represents a pivotal step during managing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs); however, existing medical interventions remain insufficient. MicroRNAs (miRs) highlight notable capacity for accelerating the repair process of DFUs. Previous research has demonstrated which miR-122-5p regulates matrix metalloproteinases under diabetic conditions, thereby influencing extracellular matrix dynamics.
AIM
To investigate the impact of miR-122-5p on the transition from the inflammatory to the proliferative stage in DFU.
METHODS
Analysis for miR-122-5p expression in skin tissues from diabetic ulcer patients and mice was analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A diabetic wound healing model induced by streptozotocin was used, with mice receiving intradermal injections of adeno-associated virus -DJ encoding empty vector or miR-122. Skin tissues were retrieved at 3, 7, and 14 days after injury for gene expression analysis, histology, immunohistochemistry, and network studies. The study explored miR-122-5p’s role in macrophage-fibroblast interactions and its effect on transitioning from inflammation to proliferation in DFU healing.
RESULTS
High-throughput sequencing revealed miR-122-5p as crucial for DFU healing. qRT-PCR showed significant upregulation of miR-122-5p within diabetic skin among DFU individuals and mice. Western blot, along with immunohistochemical and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, demonstrating the upregulation of inflammatory mediators (hypoxia inducible factor-1α, matrix metalloproteinase 9, tumor necrosis factor-α) and reduced fibrosis markers (fibronectin 1, α-smooth muscle actin) by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor. Fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated its expression localized to epidermal keratinocytes and fibroblasts in diabetic mice. Immunofluorescence revealed enhanced increased presence of M1 macrophages and reduced M2 polarization, highlighting its role in inflammation. MiR-122-5p elevated inflammatory cytokine levels while suppressing fibrotic activity from fibroblasts exposed to macrophage-derived media, highlighting its pivotal role in regulating DFU healing.
CONCLUSION
MiR-122-5p impedes cutaneous healing of diabetic mice via enhancing inflammation and inhibiting fibrosis, offering insights into miR roles in human skin wound repair.
Prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms in Chinese diabetic patients: A study based on Andersen’s behavioral model
Authors: Xiao Wen-Hui , Yang Xiao-Cong , Xu Si-Jie , Bian Ying , Zou Guan-Yang 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a rapidly growing global health emergency of the 21st century. Comorbidities, such as DM and depression, are common, presenting challenges to the healthcare system.
AIM
To investigate the prevalence of depression and its associated factors in patients with DM and to strengthen the management of depression in this patient group.
METHODS
Participants were selected from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, with a score of 10 or more indicating depression. Group differences were compared using analysis of variance and χ 2 tests. Binary logistic regression was conducted to explore the odds ratios (ORs) of independent variables. Following Andersen’s behavioral model, predisposing, enabling, health need, and health behavior variables were introduced stepwise into the logistic model.
RESULTS
Of the 1673 patients with diabetes, 41.4% had depressive symptoms. Regarding the predisposing characteristics, patients who were male (OR 0.426, P < 0.05), married (OR 0.634, P < 0.05), and received a high school education or higher (OR 0.432, P < 0.05) reported fewer depressive symptoms. Healthcare needs, including better self-rated health (OR 0.458 for fair and OR 0.247 for good, P < 0.05) and more sleep (OR 0.642, P < 0.05), were associated with a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms. In contrast, pain (OR 1.440 for mild and OR 2.644 for severe, P < 0.05) and impairment in the basic activities of daily living (OR 1.886, P < 0.05) were inversely associated. Additionally, patients highly satisfied with healthcare services (OR 0.579, P < 0.05) were less likely to have depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSION
Nearly half of the patients with DM reported depressive symptoms, which were strongly associated with predisposing characteristics and healthcare needs, particularly physical pain and impairment in basic activities of daily living. Our study emphasizes the significance of enhanced screening and intervention for depression in diabetes care along with improved management of functional impairments.
B-type natriuretic peptide efficacy compared to fragmented QRS for diastolic dysfunction screening in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Yagi Kunimasa , Chujo Daisuke , Usui Isao , Liu Jian-Hui , Nohara Atsushi , Shirozu Asako Enkaku , Takikawa Akiko , Honoki Hisae , Fujisaka Shiho , Origasa Hideki , Tada Hayato 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Early diagnosis of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is essential for preventing heart failure. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a viable marker for predicting LVDD, as elevated BNP levels have been associated with worsening LVDD in patients with diabetes over time. However, the utility of BNP as a diagnostic marker in diabetes is controversial, as BNP levels are often low in overweight individuals.
AIM
To examine the effectiveness of BNP levels and fragmented QRS (fQRS) on electrocardiography for diagnosing LVDD in patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study included 303 patients with type 2 diabetes (67.4 ± 12.3 years old) with preserved ejection fraction (EF) ≥ 50% admitted to Toyama University Hospital for glycemic management and comorbidity evaluation between November 2017 and April 2021. All participants underwent plasma BNP measurement, electrocardiography, and echocardiography. Cardiologists who were blinded to the BNP results assessed the electrocardiograms and echocardiograms. Subgroup analyses were conducted for overweight individuals.
RESULTS
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined optimal BNP cut-off values of 34.8 pg/mL and 7.2 pg/mL for diagnosing LVDD in non-overweight [area under the ROC curve (AUC): 0.70] and overweight (AUC: 0.55) groups, respectively (P = 0.040). In the overweight subgroup, fQRS showed greater diagnostic accuracy for LVDD (AUC: 0.67), indicating moderate diagnostic utility compared with the low performance of the BNP cutoff of 35 pg/mL (AUC: 0.52) (P = 0.010). Multivariate analyses confirmed that fQRS was superior to BNP for LVDD diagnosis regardless of the patient’s weight.
CONCLUSION
A BNP level ≥ 35 pg/mL in non-overweight individuals may be a reliable LVDD marker. Additionally, fQRS was more effective than BNP in diagnosing LVDD irrespective of the patient’s weight. fQRS can complement BNP in the early detection of LVDD, especially in overweight patients, potentially improving early detection and mitigating progression to heart failure with preserved EF in patients with type 2 diabetes.