bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of a combined gas-steam system with flue gas recirculation
Authors: Chmielniak Tadeusz , Mońka Paweł , Pilarz Paweł 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This article presents changes in the operating parameters of a combined gas-steam cycle with a CO2 capture installation and flue gas recirculation. Parametric equations are solved in a purpose-built mathematical model of the system using the Ebsilon Professional code. Recirculated flue gases from the heat recovery boiler outlet, after being cooled and dried, are fed together with primary air into the mixer and then into the gas turbine compressor. This leads to an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gases fed into the CO2 capture installation from 7.12 to 15.7%. As a consequence, there is a reduction in the demand for heat in the form of steam extracted from the turbine for the amine solution regeneration in the CO2 capture reactor. In addition, the flue gas recirculation involves a rise in the flue gas temperature (by 18 K) at the heat recovery boiler inlet and makes it possible to produce more steam. These changes contribute to an increase in net electricity generation efficiency by 1%. The proposed model and the obtained results of numerical simulations are useful in the analysis of combined gas-steam cycles integrated with carbon dioxide separation from flue gases.
Fuzzy Multivariable Control Strategy Applied to a Refrigeration System
Authors: dos Santos Vidal Saulo Fernando , Schmitz Jones Erni , Franco Ivan Carlos , Frattini Fileti Ana Maria , Da Silva Flavio Vasconcelos 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The refrigeration process involves complex systems exhibiting nonlinearities and coupled behavior, so this paper aims to evaluate the comparative performance of a multivariable fuzzy logic-based control system and a classic multi loop PID. The process variables were the temperature of the secondary fluid (propylene glycol) outlet and the evaporating temperature. The manipulated variables were the compressor frequency speed and the pump frequency speed. Aspen Plus and Aspen Dynamics simulators were used to simulate the experimental prototype. The model was previously validated and linked with MATLAB software, where the controllers were implemented. Tuning of the fuzzy controller was performed through the membership functions and gains adjustments. The tuning of the multi loop PID controller was performed using the Ziegler-Nichols method and then a fine tuning was carried out. In order to fairly compare energy consumption and control effort, the tune of PID-based strategy was finished when similar values of Integral of Squared Error were achieved. Thus, very similar behavior for the process variables in both controllers. On the other hand, a great improvement in the control effort and energy saving was observed when the multivariable fuzzy controller was used in comparison to classic PID. The energy consumption was reduced by 25 % and the control effort by 96 % when the proposed strategy was used.
Clinical relevance of kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (KLK6) and 8 (KLK8) mRNA expression in advanced serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Ahmed Nancy , Dorn Julia , Napieralski Rudolf , Drecoll Enken , Kotzsch Matthias , Goettig Peter , Zein Eman , Avril Stefanie , Kiechle Marion , Diamandis Eleftherios P. , Schmitt Manfred , Magdolen Viktor 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Most members of the kallikrein-related peptidase family have been demonstrated to be dysregulated in ovarian cancer and modulate tumor growth, migration, invasion, and resistance to chemotherapy. In the present study, we assessed the mRNA expression levels of KLK6 and KLK8 by quantitative PCR in 100 patients with advanced serous ovarian cancer FIGO stage III/IV. A pronounced correlation between KLK6 and KLK8 mRNA expression (rs = 0.636, p < 0.001) was observed, indicating coordinate expression of both peptidases. No significant associations of clinical parameters with KLK6, KLK8, and a combined score KLK6+KLK8 were found. In univariate Cox regression analysis, elevated mRNA levels of KLK6 were significantly linked with shortened overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.07, p = 0.007). While KLK8 values were not associated with patients’ outcome, high KLK6+KLK8 values were significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival (HR = 1.82, p = 0.047) and showed a trend towards significance in the case of OS (HR = 1.82, p = 0.053). Strikingly, in multivariable analysis, elevated KLK6 mRNA values, apart from residual tumor mass, remained an independent predictive marker for poor OS (HR = 2.33, p = 0.005). As KLK6 mRNA and protein levels correlate, KLK6 may represent an attractive therapeutic target for potent and specific inhibitors of its enzymatic activity.
Effect of Temperature on the Drying Behavior and Quality of Citrus Peels
Authors: Marey Samy , Shoughy Mohamed 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The effects of the drying temperature and the residual moisture content on the drying behavior, energy consumption and quality of dried citrus peels (CPs), which are value-added food ingredients, were studied. The CP samples were dried in a laboratory-scale hot-air dryer at air temperatures from 40 to 70 °C under a constant air velocity of 1 m/s until the desired moisture content for safe storage was reached or until the final moisture level was achieved for the specific drying conditions. Cakes prepared from blends containing different proportions (0 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20 %) of dried CPs were also evaluated for chemical composition and sensory attributes. The optimal drying temperatures were 50–60 °C, and the optimal moisture content was 10±0.2 % w.b.; these conditions reduced the drying time and energy consumption and maximized the product quality. In contrast, over-drying CPs with the higher temperatures and to a final moisture level of 5.4±0.2 % sharply increased the loss of vitamin C, carotenoids as antioxidants and essential oils. Incorporation of 15 % dried orange and mandarin peels in cake formulas increased the dietary fiber by 33.5 % and 29.6 %, the crude fat by 2.9 % and 4.6 % and the ash by 30.6 % and 29.0 %, respectively, whereas the protein and total carbohydrate content decreased slightly. Highly acceptable nutritious cakes could be obtained by incorporating 15 % orange or mandarin peel dried to 10 % w.b. moisture content into the formulation.
Incorporation of β-Glucans into Pasta Extracted from Two Tunisian Barley Cultivars
Authors: Hajji Teber , Sfayhi-Terras Dorra , EL Felah Mouldi , Rezgui Salah , Ferchichi Ali 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The main objective of this study is to extract water-soluble barley (1→3) and (1→4)-β-d-glucans (β-glucans) from milled seeds of two common Tunisian barley cultivars (Manel and Rihane). A mixture of these barley β-glucans was added to spaghetti made with semolina of durum wheat. Cooking quality related traits of functional spaghetti made with durum wheat semolina was investigated. Four spaghetti samples prepared from semolina added with β-glucan ratios: 1, 3, 5 and 7 g/100 g; were developed and compared to the check. Samples were assessed for water absorption, optimal cooking time, cooking loss, swelling index, colour, carotenoids pigments, hardness, moisture, proteins and ash content. Results indicated that spaghetti added with Tunisian barley β-glucans have a good brightness and acceptable general aspect compared to the check. Spaghetti samples showed lower moisture and proteins contents and higher mineral contents and cooking loss. Lower swelling index and hardness properties were noted in incorporated pasta.
Effect of temperature on oxidative stress induced by lead in the leaves of Plantago major L.
Authors: Balakhnina Tamara I. , Borkowska Aneta , Nosalewicz Magdalena , Nosalewicz Artur , Włodarczyk Teresa M. , Kosobryukhov Anatoly A. , Fomina Irina R. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Fluctuation of the summer day-time temperatures in the mid-latitudes in a range from 16 to 30°C should not have irreversible negative effects on plants, but may influence metabolic processes including the oxidative stress. To test the effect of moderately high temperature on oxidative stress induced by lead in the leaves of Plantago major L.; the plants were incubated in a water solution of 0, 150, 450, and 900 μM Pb (NO3)2 at 20 and 28°C. Plant reactions were evaluated by the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities in leaves after 2, 24, 48, and 72 h. The Pb concentration in the leaves rose with the increase in the Pb content and was higher at 20°C. The increase in stomatal resistance caused by Pb was higher at 28°C. The contents of TBARS increased after 2 h of plant exposure to Pb and the increase was the highest at 900 μM Pb, 28°C. The AsP activity increased up to 50% after 24 h of Pb-treatment at 28°C; the highest increase in glutathione reductase activity was observed after 72 h at 20°C. Thus, the moderately high temperature 28°C compared with optimal 20°C caused a decrease in Pb accumulation in Plantago leaves but amplified the negative effects of lead, especially in the beginning of stress development.
Dimensional specific physical properties of fan palm fruits, seeds and seed coats (Washingtonia robusta)
Authors: Coşkuner Yalçın , Gökbudak Ayşe 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In this study some physical properties of fan palm (Washingtonia robusta) fruits, seeds and seed coats were determined using dimensional, bulk and single kernel physical analysis. The moisture content of whole fruits, seeds and seed coats was 12.0, 9.86 and 13.87% (d.b.), respectively. The sphericity values showed that seed shape (0.86) is close to a sphere, similar as the fruit shape (0.83), both of which were close to a scalene ellipsoid shape. The surface area values of fruits and seeds were obtained as 163.27 and 80.25 mm2, and volume values were obtained as 190.96 and 66.32 mm3, respectively. Bulk densities of fruits, seeds and seed coats were 559, 783 and 272 kg m−3, and the corresponding true densities were 1143, 1147 and 864 kg m−3, whereas the corresponding porosities were 48.87, 54.12, and 31.52%, respectively. The values of the static coefficient of friction and the angle of repose of fruits, seeds and seed coats of palm fruits were studied on aluminium, canvas, galvanised iron, plywood, PP knitted bag, PVC and stainless steel surfaces. As expected, seed coat has higher values of coefficient of static friction on the all surfaces than fruit and seed.
On the Validity of Edgeworth Expansions and Moment Approximations for Three Indirect Inference Estimators
Authors: Arvanitis Stelios , Demos Antonis 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper deals with higher order asymptotic properties for three indirect inference estimators. We provide conditions that ensure the validity of locally uniform, with respect to the parameter, Edgeworth approximations. When these are of sufficiently high order they also form integrability conditions that validate locally uniform moment approximations. We derive the relevant second order bias and MSE approximations for the three estimators as functions of the respective approximations for the auxiliary estimator. We confirm that in the special case of deterministic weighting and affinity of the binding function, one of them is second order unbiased. The other two estimators do not have this property under the same conditions. Moreover, in this case, the second order approximate MSEs imply the superiority of the first estimator. We generalize to multistep procedures that provide recursive indirect inference estimators which are locally uniformly unbiased at any given order. Furthermore, in a particular case, we manage to validate locally uniform Edgeworth expansions for one of the estimators without any differentiability requirements for the estimating equations. We examine the bias-MSE results in a small Monte Carlo exercise.
Impact of Procedures and Technical Objects on Operation of Security Control at the Airport
Authors: Kierzkowski Artur , Kisiel Tomasz 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The article presents an analysis of the functioning of the system of security control at the airport. Analysis was made to examine the possibility of disruption occurring in the system after the introduction of controls using additional devices to detect trace amounts of explosives ETD. The analysis has been subjected to the possibility of using different configuration of the technical system to perform ETD control. The analysis allows the assessment of the proposed system configuration based on functional availability indicator.
Selected Aspects of the Security of the Process Data Transmission in the Distributed Control System
Authors: Bednarek Marcin , Dąbrowski Tadeusz , Wawer Tomasz 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Communication between the process stations of the distributed control system is carried out. By the supervision and therapeutic systems of the stations communication process diagnosis is performed. Supervision and therapeutic systems are responsible for the security of transmitted data. The security is considered in this article mainly in the aspect of resistance to external destructive factors on the data transmission process. It is assumed that the transmission security can be provided by mechanisms protecting the integrity of the transmitted data. Correctness of the data is controlled by using one-way hash function calculated on the basis of the transmitted value variable and also is attached to the transmitted data. This allows to maintain the integrity of the transmitted process data. A solutions using one-way hash function to protection of the transmission before changing message contents (caused by eg. intruder interference) are proposed in the article.
High Interleukin 27 Production is Associated with Early Clinical Stage and Localized Disease in Patients with Melanoma
Authors: Pantic Bisevac Jelena , Stanojevic Ivan , Mijuskovic Zeljko , Banovic Tatjana , Djukic Mirjana , Vojvodic Danilo 
Published: August 2016

SummaryBackground:The immune response in patients with melanoma is an important focus of research due to the tumor’s resistance and immunotherapy possibilities. IL-27 is one of the cytokines with antitumor properties. The role of IL-27 in the pathogenesis of melanoma is still unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between serum IL-27 levels and the clinical parameters of melanoma patients.Methods:The IL-27 concentration was determined by commercial ELISA in serum samples from melanoma patients (n=72) and healthy control subjects (n=44). Patients were classified according to AJCC clinical stage, TNM stage, the length of progression-free interval (PFI) and the extent of the disease (localized or widespread).Results:Average IL-27 values were increased in patients with early stages of melanoma compared to patients with terminal stages and control values. The highest IL-27 concentration was found in stage IIa. Patients in stages III and IV had significantly lower values of IL-27 compared to control. Patients with localized melanoma and shorter PFI had insignificantly increased IL-27 levels compared to patients with widespread disease and longer PFI. Patients with metastatic disease and stage TNM4 had significantly lower average IL-27 values compared to control. Patients with high production of IL-27 (>1000 pg/mL) were most numerous in IIa AJCC stage, with initial tumor size TNM2 and in the group of patients with localized disease.Conclusions:High levels of IL-27 in patients with melanoma are associated with the initial stages and localized disease.
The Importance of Haematological and Biochemical Findings in Patients with West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease
Authors: Urošević Aleksandar , Dulović Olga , Milošević Branko , Maksić Nebojša , Popović Nataša , Milošević Ivana , Delić Dragan , Jevtović Djordje , Poluga Jasmina , Jordović Jelena , Peruničić Sanja , Stevanović Goran 
Published: August 2016

SummaryBackground:West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease (WNND) occurs in less than 1% of infected people. Leukocytosis with lymphocytopenia, mild anaemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated liver and muscle enzymes and hyponatremia are occasionally present in patients with WNND. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings resemble other viral neuroinfections. The purpose of this study is to present some of the most important laboratory findings of our patients with WNND and to evaluate their correlation with fatal outcome.Methods:The study included 161 patients with WNND. Their blood and CSF samples were cytobiochemically analysed and the obtained variables were then tested for predictive significance of the disease outcome, or used for differentiation between two clinical syndromes (encephalitis vs meningitis).Results:West Nile encephalitis was present in 127 (78.9%) patients and West Nile meningitis was diagnosed in 34 (21.1%) cases. Leukocytosis was found in 45.9% patients. CRP level higher than 100 mg/L was registered only in those with encephalitis (p=0.020). CSF leukocyte count was 146±171 per microlitre, with slight lymphocytic predominance (mean 52%). Hypoglycorrhachia was registered in 9.3% of our patients with WNND. Twenty-eight (17.4%) patients died and all of them had encephalitis. Independent predictors of fatal outcome in WNND were serum CRP > 100 mg/L (p=0.011) and CSF proteins > 1 g/L (p=0.002).Conclusions:WNND usually affects older males. Prolonged neutrophilic predominance in CSF can occasionally be present, as well as hypoglycorrhachia. Patients with encephalitis, high serum CRP and high CSF protein level have a higher risk of fatal outcome.
Longitudinal changes of cardiotocographic parameters throughout pregnancy: a prospective cohort study comparing small-for-gestational-age and normal fetuses from 24 to 40 weeks
Authors: Amorim-Costa Célia , Gaio A. Rita , Ayres-de-Campos Diogo , Bernardes João 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Objective:
To compare longitudinal trends of cardiotocographic (CTG) parameters between small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and normal fetuses, from 24 to 41 weeks of pregnancy.

Methods:
A prospective cohort study was carried out in singleton pregnancies without fetal malformations. At least one CTG was performed in each of the following intervals: 24–26 weeks+6 days, 27–29 weeks+6 days, 30–32 weeks+6 days, 33–35 weeks+6 days, 36–38 weeks+6 days and ≥39 weeks. Tracings were analyzed using the Omniview-SisPorto® 3.6 system. Cases with a normal pregnancy outcome, including a birthweight ≥10th percentile for gestational age, were compared with two groups of SGA fetuses: with birthweight <10th percentile (SGA<p10) and <3rd percentile (SGA<p3; a subgroup of the latter). Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used for analysis.

Results:
A total of 176 fetuses (31 SGA) and 1256 tracings (207 from SGA fetuses) were evaluated. All CTG parameters changed significantly throughout pregnancy in the three groups, with a decreasing baseline and probability of decelerations, and an increasing average long-term variability (LTV), average short-term variability (STV) and accelerations. Baseline showed a more pronounced decrease (steeper slope) in SGA fetuses, being higher in these cases at earlier gestational ages and lower later in pregnancy. Average LTV was significantly lower in SGA<p3 fetuses, but a parallel increase occurred in all groups. There was a considerable inter-fetal variability within each group.

Conclusion:
A unique characterization of CTG trends throughout gestation in SGA fetuses was provided. A steeper descent of the baseline was reported for the first time. The findings raise the possibility of clinical application of computerized CTG analysis in screening and management of fetal growth restriction.
Actions and measures for mitigation drought and water scarcity in agriculture
Authors: Łabędzki Leszek 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The paper characterizes the phenomena of droughts and water scarcity in Polish agriculture and their impacts on crop yield. Various preventive measures should be undertaken to mitigate the harmful effects of droughts and water scarcity. The most important is the development of water resources. To accomplish this aim, small scale water retention projects and irrigation development programs should be further implemented in many provinces of Poland. Effective use of irrigation water, optimization of water distribution, crop rotation, rehabilitation and modernization of the existing irrigation systems, soil reclamation are the examples of other measures. The pressure for increased water supplies is intensifying in Poland. That is why there is an urgent need to improve the uniform national plans of drought and water scarcity mitigation including guidelines on how to prevent and counteract the effects of water scarcity in agriculture and to release recommendations stating the most adequate measures to be undertaken.
The Implications of Cultural Awareness in Military Environment
Authors: Ispas Lucian 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Cultural awareness helps people to understand the impact of culture on people’s believes and behaviours offer the ability to discover and be aware of the effects of culture, and requires an understanding of the necessity to consider cultural terrain in military operations, an important source of intelligence that is consist of cultural factors for planning and accomplishing such operations that take into considerations not only civilians but military.
Unficyp Mission and Armed Forces of Slovak Republic
Authors: Majchút Ivan 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
UN for years enters into Cyprus conflict and use military power as one of the means for peace solutions of conflict. Slovak Republic participates in this process by military contingent which is, at this time, the biggest one from Slovakia in international crisis management military forces. Despite the large efforts and numerous attempts, peace-making process on the island is failing and UNFICYP is still necessary as well as participation of Slovak Armed Forces.
Failures of Intell Services
Authors: Pal Adrian 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to bring more light - further information and a better understanding – on the reasons for the failure of the intelligence services to combat terrorist attacks. Starting with September 11th 2001 in the USA, continuing with the attack on 11th March 2004 in Madrid, and the London one on 7th July 2005, and the latest events – the bombing of the Paris and Istanbul, all this made me pay particular attention to the reasons for the intelligence services not to fall within the limits of early warning, which often lead to real catastrophes. The article focuses on drawing, as close to reality as possible, the parallel between failures of intelligence and terrorist attacks. Therefore, I have focused on the connection between actionable intelligence and terrorist attack on September 11th, 2001 in the USA. The concept ‘actionable intelligence’ involves the transformation of information into real action, one meant to launch a protective barrier, and go on the offensive. Starting from this premise, and in parallel with the attack on September 11th, 2001, we can say that intell services failed to prevent and stop this event. ‘Balance bombing’ meant the first piece of the terrorist attacks puzzle, which has tended towards a broadening of horizon given the increasing number of attacks occurred so far. Thus, the article briefly reflects an assessment of the grounds for which the intelligence services continue to fail in fighting terrorism.