bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D-printable Kresling-embedded honeycomb metamaterials with optimized energy absorption capability
Authors: Yang Haiying , Liu Yuheng , Lu Haibao , Tao Ran , Wei Xueyong , Fu Yong-Qing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Kresling origami structure has attracted significant interest for achieving extraordinary mechanical properties. In this study, we proposed a new strategy to develop 3D-printable Kresling-embedded honeycombs (KEHs) based mechanical metamaterials and achieve optimized mechanical energy absorption capability. By exploiting the twisted deformation modes and boundary constraints, various KEH reinforced metamaterials were designed, where their deformation behaviors and energy absorption properties were investigated using finite element analysis and quasi-static compression tests. Effects of orientation twisting angle, boundary constraint and crease tilting angle on the deformation behaviors of these KEH reinforced metamaterials were studied to optimize their energy absorption properties. Finally, deformation behaviors and energy absorption properties of KEH reinforced metamaterials incorporated of KEH arrays in both 2D structure and 3D structures were studied. Both experimental and simulation results showed that the proposed KEH reinforced metamaterials achieved much more stable compression behaviors and higher energy absorption capabilities than those of the traditional honeycomb structures. This study provides a novel KEH reinforcement strategy for 3D printed metamaterials with optimized energy absorption capabilities to dramatically expand their practical applications.
A compliant mechanism actuated bistable hybrid mode triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Li Zifan , Ee Zhiyin , Pickett William , Patel Bhumik , Gan Wee Chen , Tang Lihua , Su Yufeng , Xia Cuipeng , Yin Peilun , Aw Kean Chin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Traditional contact-separation mode triboelectric nanogenerators (CS-TENGs) and lateral sliding mode TENGs exhibit distinct strengths and weaknesses in terms of their charge generation capability and durability. In this study, by leveraging a bistable compliant mechanism (BHM-TENG), we propose a hybrid mode TENG, which synthesizes the features of two traditional working modes to achieve both high durability and satisfactory performance. The proposed design exhibited a 78.6% surge in voltage output and a 142% surge in power density compared to CS-TENG. The design also maintains over 95% power generation capability after 100 000 cycles. Moreover, the compliant bistable mechanism offers a reliable actuation method at low frequencies, validated through experiments supported with a mathematical model. Real-world energy harvesting applications enabled by BHM-TENG are also discussed.
Topological electronic structure and electronic nematicity in candidate kagome superconductors, ATi3Bi5 (A = Rb, Cs)
Authors: Hu Yong , Le Congcong , Wu Xianxin , Shi Ming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The newly discovered family of titanium-based kagome metals, ATi3Bi5 (where A can be Rb or Cs), has been found to exhibit non-trivial band topology and fascinating electronic instabilities, including electronic nematicity and potential bulk superconductivity. Distinct from their vanadium-based counterparts (AV3Sb5), which display a charge density wave (CDW) phase that already breaks rotational symmetry, ATi3Bi5 shows no evidence of CDW, providing a unique platform to study nematicity in its pure form and its interplay with other correlated quantum phenomena, such as superconductivity. In this review, we highlight recent progress in both experimental and theoretical research on ATi3Bi5 and discuss the unresolved questions and challenges in this burgeoning field.
Approximate analytic solution of the dissipative semiclassical Rabi model under parametric multi-tone modulations
Authors: Marinho A , Dodonov A V 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present an analytic method for obtaining the dynamics of the dissipative time-modulated semiclassical Rabi model, which describes a two-level system (qubit) with time-dependent parameters, coupled to a single-mode bosonic field via the dipole-interaction and to a thermal reservoir. We consider the simultaneous harmonic modulations of the qubit transition frequency and the qubit-field coupling strength, with arbitrary frequencies, and obtain closed analytic expressions for the density operator under the coarse-graining approximation. Our approximate results are in excellent ageement with exact numerical data, and illustrate how the qubit state can be controlled in the dispersive regime by properly adjusting the system parameters.
Molecular dynamics simulation of gradient alloying distribution on the nano-mechanical properties of Nb-Zr alloys
Authors: Fan Zhehang , Ren Junzhao , Li Qinghua , Dai Hao , Tao Xiaoyong , Khan Aqib Mashood , Wu Hongyan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this work, a nano-indentation process of homogeneous Nb-Zr alloy and gradient Nb-Zr alloy was simulated using molecular dynamics simulation. The effects of indentation radius, Zr content and system temperature on the mechanical properties and micro-deformation were investigated. The influence of indentation size on nano-indentation experiments was mainly affected by the curvature of the indented part. Comparing the homogeneous and gradient alloys, it was revealed that the gradient alloy had a smoother mechanical performance. The results showed that the effect of Zr content on the hardness of Nb-Zr homogeneous alloy was not linear. The hardness rose, followed by a decline with increasing Zr content, and the turning point came at 1.5 wt%. Under high temperatures, the Nb-Zr homogeneous alloy and gradient alloy layer retained extremely high hardness, exhibiting excellent mechanical properties. Due to the entanglement of multiple dislocations in gradient Nb-Zr alloy at high temperatures, the hardness still increased with increasing temperature at high temperatures. It was worth noting that gradient alloys could disperse stress faster and reach a stable state during the loading process. The hardness of the Nb-Zr homogeneous alloy layer first increased and then decreased as the Zr content changed from 1.0 wt% to 2.0 wt%, as verified by the experiments. This study provided the reference for the preparation of high-temperature applications alloy by constructing Nb-Zr gradient alloy.
Analysis on density of states and ION/IOFF ratio of GaN/GaN-graphene nanoribbon tunnel FET for enhanced bio-sensing applications
Authors: V N Senthil Kumaran , M Venkatesh , R Shreeshayana , Gudur Manjunath V , P Parthasarathy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This research introduces a new analytical model that studies the effect of ferro-dielectric on the operational performance of TFETs doped with halogens. The effect of source and drain depletions, voltage-drain & gate, thickness and capacitance of gate insulator are all investigated in this study. Accurate measurements of the surface potential are required to ascertain the transconductance, gate-to-drain capacitance, and lateral electric field of the device. Our model, which employs Ferroelectric Halo-Doped double gate (FHDD)-gated device designs, has been demonstrated to produce results that nearly match those produced from TCAD simulations. This was accomplished by doing a comparative analysis of the outcomes derived from both sets of simulations. Furthermore, the performance of the suggested structure of TFET, which integrates a dielectric of Fe and GaN heterostructure, surpasses that of other similar devices (fT) in terms of ON current, ON/OFF ratio, transconductance, and cut-off frequency. A ferroelectric dielectric was used to create a ferroelectric heterostructure. This study also centers on the creation and application of a graphene nanoribbon field effect transistor (GNR-TFET) to detect sugar molecules, specifically fructose, xylose, and glucose. The detecting signal is generated by utilizing the fluctuation in the electrical current of the GNR-TFET caused by the presence of individual sugar molecules. The GNR-TFET exhibits noticeable variations in the density of states, transmission spectrum, and current when exposed to individual sugar molecules. The sensor under investigation is being developed and examined using a combination of semi-empirical modeling and non-equilibrium Green’s functional theory (SE + NEGF). According to the research, the modified GNR TFET has the ability to quickly and accurately detect individual sugar molecules in real-time.
DESI dark energy time evolution is recovered by cosmologically coupled black holes
Authors: Croker Kevin S. , Tarlé Gregory , Ahlen Steve P. , Cartwright Brian G. , Farrah Duncan , Fernandez Nicolas , Windhorst Rogier A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecent baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) provide evidence that dark energy (DE) evolves with time, as parameterized by aw0waequation of state. Cosmologically coupled black holes (BHs) provide a DE source that naturally evolves with time, because BH production tracks cosmic star-formation. Using DESI BAO measurements and priors informed by Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, we measure the fraction of baryonic density converted into BHs, assuming that all DE is sourced by BH production. We find that the best-fit DE density tracks each DESI best-fitw0wamodel within 1σ, except at redshiftsz≲ 0.2, highlighting limitations of thew0waparameterization. Cosmologically coupled BHs produceH0= (69.94 ± 0.81) km s-1Mpc-1, with the sameχ2as ΛCDM, and with two fewer parameters thanw0wa. This value reduces tension with SH0ES to 2.7σand is in excellent agreement with recent measurements from the Chicago-Carnegie Hubble Program. Because cosmologically coupled BH production depletes the baryon density established by primordial nucleosynthesis, these BHs provide a physical explanation for the “missing baryon problem” and the anomalously low sum of neutrino masses preferred by DESI. The global evolution of DE is an orthogonal probe of cosmological coupling, complementing constraints on BH mass-growth from elliptical galaxies, stellar binaries, globular clusters, the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA merging population, and X-ray binaries. A DE density that correlates with cosmic star-formation: 1) is a natural outcome of cosmological coupling in BH populations; 2) eases tension between early and late-time cosmological probes; and 3) produces time-evolution toward a late-time ΛCDM cosmology different from Cosmic Microwave Background projections.
Accretion of Vlasov gas onto a black hole in the Kalb–Ramond field
Authors: Zhang Xu-Xin , Jiang Yu-Hao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We investigate the accretion of Vlasov gas onto a static, spherically symmetric black hole (BH) influenced by the Kalb–Ramond (KR) field, focusing on the effects of Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) parameters. We employ the Maxwell–Jüttner distribution to model the gas at infinity and derive key quantities such as the particle current density and mass accretion rate. Our findings revealed that increasing the LSB parameter results in a decrease in mass accretion rate. We also present explicit formulations of the accretion rate in the high-temperature limit; the result is significantly different from that of the Bumblebee model.
Application of Reciprocity Principle in Ultrasound Bone Tomography
Authors: Shi Qinzhen , Li Yifang , Dai Fei , Zhang Yunyun , Xu Lexiu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Full-matrix synthetic aperture imaging (FMSA) is a well-established and widely used modality for ultrasound imaging Nevertheless, the accompanying relatively large amount of data acquisition, storage, and process results in heavy costs of computation and memory, which further hinders FMSA from real-time implementation. Moreover, the most existing FMSAs employed the hypothesis uniform sound velocity to reconstruct the soft tissues, which is not suitable for hard tissue imaging, irrespective of the high acoustic impedance contrast (i.e., the difference of sound velocity) between the bone and soft tissues. To overcome these limitations, a half-matrix ultrasound bone tomography method combining the reciprocity principle and sound velocity estimation was proposed for cortical cross-section imaging. The travel-time inversion was firstly utilized for sound velocity prediction, and then half-matrix synthetic aperture (HMSA) with ray-tracing was conducted to image the cortical cross-section. An ex-vivo bovine femur was used to validate the effectiveness of the method. Compared to the full-matrix capture method, the proposed method was demonstrated to be an accurate and cost-effective modality for cortical bone tomography.
Influence of Mechanical Factors on the Cutting Performance of an Ultrasonic Bone Scalpel
Authors: Luo Xiaoning , Zhang Yuli , Wu Wei , Zhang Pengyuan , Zhen Zhang , Huang Tao , Zhao Li , Zhou Zhaoying , Hu Min 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The ultrasonic bone scalpel is a cutting-edge surgical instrument that leverages ultrasonic mechanical effects to remove bone tissue with precision, safety, and efficacy. While the adoption of the instrument has surged, the intricate relationship between its mechanical effects and the efficiency of bone removal remains ambiguous. This study aimed to elucidate the quantitative interplay between the mechanical parameters of the instrument and its bone removal performance. To achieve this, we engineered a testing apparatus capable of consistently regulating the scalpel’s cutting force, traversal speed, and depth of cut. The bone removal proficiency of the instrument was then assessed under varying conditions: cutting forces, ultrasonic power outputs, tip traversal speeds, and bone densities. Comprehensive data analysis unveiled a distinct quantitative correlation between the aforementioned parameters and bone removal rates. Furthermore, we identified optimal parameter combinations that maximize cutting efficiency. These insights are pivotal for the design, fabrication, evaluation, and clinical application of ultrasonic bone scalpels, offering a robust reference for future advancements in the field.
Application of ultrasound in the diagnosis, evaluation, and interventional therapy monitoring of patent foramen ovale
Authors: T Miao , Y Wei , M Fei , Z G Xiao , B M T Nur Hartini 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
To explore the impact of pre-intervention ultrasound diagnosis results of PFO and evaluation criteria on the success rate of surgery, intraoperative ultrasound monitoring methods, and postoperative ultrasound follow-up results, and to analyse the results of ultrasound-related examinations and the evaluation value of the success rate of surgery and interventional efficacy. A total of 1617 patients with related symptoms who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2022 to March 2023 were selected for screening, and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE), and contrast-enhanced Transcranial Doppler (cTCD) were performed. Positive patients were selected for transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE). And interventional surgery for patent foramen ovale in 70 of these patients. cTTE was performed 3 months and 6 months respectively after surgery to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. Among the 1617 cases of cTTE, 938 cases were positive, including 538 cases of grade 1, 198 cases of grade 2, and 202 cases of grade 3. TEE was performed in 317 patients with positive cTTE, and 228 patients were diagnosed as PFO with definite shunt. Then selected 76 patients of grade 2-3 in cTTE with positive TEE to perform the closure surgery of the PFO, and 70 cases were successfully operated, with a success rate of 92.11%. cTTE、cTCD and TEE results are correlated with the success rate of interventional surgery. Evaluation using multiple ultrasound techniques can provide guidance for rational selection of treatment in clinical application.
Automatic bony structure segmentation and curvature estimation on ultrasound cervical spine images - a feasibility study
Authors: Ge Songhan , Tian Haoyuan , Zhang Wei , Zheng Rui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The loss of cervical lordosis is a common degenerative disorder known to be associated with abnormal spinal alignment. In recent years, ultrasound (US) imaging has been widely applied in the assessment of spine deformity and has shown promising results. The objectives of this study are to automatically segment bony structures from the 3D US cervical spine image volume and to assess the cervical lordosis on the key sagittal frames. In this study, a portable ultrasound imaging system was applied to acquire cervical spine image volume. The nnU-Net was trained on to segment bony structures on the transverse images and validated by 5-fold-cross-validation. The volume data were reconstructed from the segmented image series. An energy function indicating intensity levels and integrity of bony structures was designed to extract the proxy key sagittal frames on both left and right sides for the cervical curve measurement. The mean absolute difference (MAD), standard deviation (SD) and correlation between the spine curvatures of the left and right sides were calculated for quantitative evaluation of the proposed method. The DSC value of the nnU-Net model in segmenting ROI was 0.973. For the measurement of 22 lamina curve angles, the MAD±SD and correlation between the left and right sides of the cervical spine were 3.591±3.432° and 0.926, respectively. The results indicate that our method has a high accuracy and reliability in the automatic segmentation of the cervical spine and shows the potential of diagnosing the loss of cervical lordosis using the 3D ultrasound imaging technique.
Time Series Forecasting for Sparse Ring-shaped Array Photoacoustic Imaging Reconstruction
Authors: Zhu Jing , Zhou Dikui , Chen Feng , Li Chong , Li Chiye , Wang Ruofan , Shi Junhui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT), which provides high optical absorption contrast and deep acoustic penetration, plays an important role in non-invasive biomedical imaging area. As the decrease of array elements, the reconstructed image suffers from severe artifacts. Recent studies utilize deep learning methods to improve the imaging quality of PACT based on image network design, but few were reported with raw data. To address this issue, this paper proposes a Wave to Wave Convolution Gate Recurrent-Net (WWCG-Net) to reconstruct photoacoustic image based on time series acoustic signal prediction. Simulation and experiment results show the superiority of our method compared with linear interpolation (LI) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) in term of suppress artifact and improve resolution.
Reflection Artifacts Removal of Photoacoustic Imaging in Complex Medium
Authors: Nie Shibo , Li Pan , Qi Yuexin , Yang Jiahao , Tian Ye , Yin Guanjun , Guo Jianzhong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging owns a great prospect in medical diagnosis because of its high contrast and capability in functional imaging. While, the detected PA signals are always a mix of direct-arrived signals (DAS) and reflected (scattered) signals (RS) in inhomogeneous and bounded samples such as human tissues. The RS can lead to many artifacts and severely affect the final image, which confuses the artifacts with the real PA sources. This paper employed a spatial singular value decomposition (SVD) filter to abstract the DAS and thus remove the reflection artifacts. We conducted experiments on an agar phantom and an in vitro tissue to verify the method. The results show that the proposed method can effectively remove RS, resulting in fewer reflection artifacts in PA images.
Ultrasound localization microscopy based microvasculature evaluation of spinal cord injury with varying severities
Authors: Yu Junjin , Dong Haoru , Zeng Zhili , Xie Rong , Xu Kailiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The vasculature plays an important role in spinal cord function. Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in a vascular disruption after primary insult, following secondary injury in neighbouring tissue. However, standard angiography methods such as digital subtraction angiography (DSA) still have difficulties in microvasculature imaging, especially for spinal cord with small size and non-rigid motion. The ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) disrupts the compromise between penetration and resolution and provides super-resolution images of microvasculature. In this study, the applicability of the ULM for in vivo SCI evaluation was investigated on rat models with varying severities (different compression time durations correspond to mild and severe injury). Ultrasonic parameters including vessel saturation and blood velocity were measured via ULM. Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) locomotion test was applied for injury severity validation and comparison with ultrasonic measurements.
High-resolution ultrasound imaging based on spatio-temporal MUSIC
Authors: Zheng Jie , Zhu Jing , Tagawa Norio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Time-reversal MUltiple SIgnal Classification (TR-MUSIC) is known for its super-resolution capability in locating point scatterers. However, a prerequisite for the application of the TR-MUSIC method is a thorough understanding of the properties of the medium and its background Green’s function. In general, it is difficult to obtain an accurate model of the Green’s function in advance for non-uniform or complex media, necessitating the use of approximate Green’s functions. When TR-MUSIC relies on these approximations, the impact on lateral resolution may be minimal, but the axial resolution is significantly reduced. In addition, we have proposed the Range-MUSIC (R-MUSIC) method, which exploits the linear relationship between the rotation of the echo phases and the positions of the scatterers. This approach uses subbands of different frequencies, differentiating multiple point scatterers by the speed of phase rotation associated with each frequency. By analyzing the profile in the time domain of echoes within the noise subspace, R-MUSIC achieves super-resolution in the axial direction without improving lateral resolution. Therefore, our study combines R-MUSIC with TR-MUSIC to improve axial resolution while maintaining lateral resolution. Through simulation and experimental evidence, we have shown that this combined approach yields better imaging performance than either method used independently.
Borehole radiation wavefield for multipole logging while drilling with an eccentric collar
Authors: Rao Bo , Su YuanDa , Li ShengQing , Tang XiaoMing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the radiation characteristics of the borehole-source in acoustic logging while drilling (ALWD) with an eccentric collar. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for the development of acoustic remote detection technology, which has shown great potential in ALWD. Considering the frequent occurrence of tool eccentricity during drilling, it is essential to take into account its impact on the acoustic wavefield outside the borehole. In this paper, we establish an ALWD model with an eccentric collar in a dual-cylindrical coordinate system. By applying the translational Bessel addition theorem and the steepest descent method, we obtain the far-field asymptotic solution of the problem and model the radiation wavefield. Our findings indicate that the asymmetrical radiation pattern resulting from drill collar eccentricity can effectively resolve ambiguities in determining the reflector azimuth.