bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of capacity to love, depression, and anxiety in women according to their relationship status
Authors: Busch I. , Kapusta N.D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAssociations between psychiatric disorders and relationship status as well as the impact of psychiatric symptoms on the quality of romantic relationships have already been demonstrated but the association between psychiatric symptoms and the capacity to maintain romantic relationships has been rarely examined.AimTo investigate anxiety, depressive symptoms and capacity to love (CTL) in single women (sw) and those in a relationship (rw).MethodsTwo hundred healthy adult females (100 sw, 100 rw; mean age 27.8 ± 8.1 yrs and 27.3 ± 8.1 yrs, respectively) completed the PHQ-4 and the CTL-Inventory. Differences in anxiety and depressive symptoms and CTL between both groups were assessed by independent-samples t-tests. Moreover, correlations between CTL, anxiety and depressive symptoms in each group were investigated.ResultsSw showed a significantly higher level of depressive symptoms (meansw ± SDsw 1.5 9 ± 1.66, meanrw ± SDrw 1.07 ± 1.37, P = 0.016) and a significantly lower CTL (meansw ± SDsw 126.81 ± 12.60; meanrw ± SDrw 137.13 ± 11.26, P ≤ 0.001) than rw but no differences occurred for anxiety symptoms.Among sw, CTL negatively correlated with depressive (r = −0.37, P < 0.001) and anxiety symptoms (r = −0.44, P < 0.001) whereas in rw, a negative correlation occurred only between CTL and depressive symptoms (r = −0.43, P < 0.001).ConclusionOur results suggest that single women, compared to women in a relationship, show a lower CTL and suffer more from depressive symptoms.Furthermore, a lower CTL is associated with more anxiety and depressive symptoms, thus suggesting that future therapeutic approaches to depression and anxiety should also take into account relationship conflicts and CTL. As a crucial personality trait, CTL might be an important moderator of coping with common psychiatric symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The psychological effects of abuse and battering on wives and partners: Case study in the Philippines
Authors: Lu S.F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn the country, the most prevalent form of violence against women is physical abuse/maltreatment or wife/partner battering based on both records of the Philippine national police, and the women in especially difficult circumstances.ObjectivesThis study looked into the psychological effects of abuse and battering on wives-partners.AimsThis paper will also give a description on how battered wives acquire a learned helplessness behavior due to uncontrollable events or situations.MethodsThe methods used were structured interview method and case method, and interview with a psychiatrist in the hospital where the three cases had consultations.ResultsWife battering refers to violent acts such as psychological, sexual or physical assault by an assailant against his partner with the intent of controlling by inducing fear and pain. It is a common incident being violated under RA 9262. Three cases were studied. One was stabbed 12 times by her live in “matador” partner who works in a slaughter house. The second case was about a partner who was forced to do sexual favors for her husband that were animalistic and perverted. On the third case, while married, she noticed that the man was also sexually perverted. He also raped their daughter.ConclusionAll three cases also manifested depression in various forms with varying symptoms. Case A was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (evaluation made by the psychiatrist). Case A manifested symptoms of depression, panic of being attacked again by assailant who is at large.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Impact of emotional intelligence on level of academic achievement in a sample of Saudi female medical student
Authors: Soliman E. , Fayed A. , Mussaed E. Al , Alawad H. , Elradi D. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundEmotional intelligence (EI) assessment has become an effective technique in exploring individual competencies. In the medical educational, there is a growing evidence for relation between academic achievement and emotional intelligence.ObjectiveTo examine relation between academic achievement and emotional intelligence among medical students.MethodA cross-sectional study of 189 female university students using paper-based Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version was conducted. BarOn EQ-i:YV consists of 7 sub-scores which estimate various domains of emotional intelligence along with general mood. The academic achievement was assessed via self-reported Grade Point Average (GPA).ResultThe average Intrapersonal score of participating students was 14.9 ± 3.4 and Interpersonal was 41.7 ± 4.9. The students scored 32.0 ± 5.0 in stress management scale and 31.9 ± 4 in adaptability. The lowest score achieved in the Emotional Inelegance scale was 32.5 whereas the top score was 71.3. The average general mood was 47.1 ± 6.4 and the positive impression ranged between 6 and 23 (17.3 ± 2.8). Positive week correlations were defined between the GPA and self-efficacy (r = 0.13) and Adaptability (r = 0.08) though these correlations were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). Linear regression model showed that domains of Bar-On scale could explain up to 33% of changes in GPA (R2 = 0.33) with significant effect of self-efficacy, adaptability and general mood scores (P < 0.05).ConclusionMedical students showed high level of emotional intelligence which positively affect their academic achievement. Therefore, improving the emotional intelligence domains can help students improving their academic achievement.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dissociation and Therapy of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders with or Without Personality Disorders
Authors: Prasko J. , Grambal A. , Sigmundova Z. , Kasalova P. , Kamaradova D. , Vrbova K. , Ociskova M. , Holubova M. , Latalova K. , Zatkova M. , Slepecky M. , Kotianova A. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveGoal of the study was to analyze the impact of dissociation on the treatment of the patients with anxiety/neurotic spectrum and depressive disorders, and with or without personality disorders.MethodsThe sample consisted of inpatients who met the ICD-10 criteria for the Depressive disorder, Panic disorder, GAD, Mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, Agoraphobia, Social phobia, OCD, PTSD, Adjustment disorders, dissociative/conversion disorders, Somatoform disorder or other anxiety/neurotic spectrum disorder. The participants completed Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, subjective version of clinical global impression-severity, Sheehan Patient-Related Anxiety Scale, and Dissociative Experience Scale, at the start and the end of the therapeutic program.ResultsThe total of 840 patients with anxiety or depressive spectrum disorders, who were resistant to pharmacological treatment in outpatients basis and were referred for hospitalization for the six-week complex therapeutic program, were enrolled in this study. Six hundred and six of them were statistically analyzed. The patients’ mean ratings on all measurements were significantly reduced during the treatment. The patients without comorbid personality disorder improved significantly more than patients with comorbid personality disorder in the reduction of depressive symptoms. However, there were no significant differences in change of anxiety levels and severity of the disorder between the patients with and without personality disorders. The higher degree of dissociation at the beginning of the treatment predicted minor improvement. The higher therapeutic change was connected to the greater reduction of the dissociation level.ConclusionsDissociation presents an important factor influencing treatment effectiveness in the treatment-resistant patients with anxiety/depression with or without personality disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Improving and Assessing Public Beliefs, Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Bipolar Disorder in Pakistan
Authors: Zaidi S. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundStudies have shown that beliefs, attitudes and knowledge towards bipolar disorder are influenced by country-specific social and cultural factors. Our study aims to improve and assess public beliefs, knowledge and attitude towards bipolar disorder in Pakistan.MethodsWe targeted 500 population. A questionnaire was organized into four sections in order to investigate knowledge about bipolar disorder, attitudes and beliefs, treatment options and fighting stigma and help seeking attitudes.ResultsOf the 500 participants, 28% people were aware of exact definition of bipolar disorder. A widespread belief (85%) was that people suffering from bipolar disorder should avoid talking and telling about their illness. According to 50% respondents people experiencing bipolar disorder “are dangerous to others”, 68% population viewed it as a result of black magic. Sixty-five per cent thought that the best way to recover from bipolar disorder consisted in seeking help from Psychiatrist. Twenty per cent thought to take help from religious people and shrines. Most of people seemed convinced that drugs are addictive (70%) and may cause serious side effects (80%).ConclusionsMental health illness including bipolar disorder can be improved by the positive influence of education, employment availability, respect, social support, rehabilitative services, justice and equity. Lack of education, stigmatization, and cultural norms are the leading barriers towards.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Gender Difference Among Admitted Patients with Bipolar Disorder in a Psychiatric Service During a Three-year Period
Authors: Fernandes M. , Mota D. , Olivera A. , Ribeiro J. , Silva S. , Santos V. , Madeira N. , Celsa P. , Santos Z. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionGender differences in bipolar disorder are becoming apparent, but have been less studied compared with major depression. The presentation, clinical features, course and evolution of bipolar disorder differ between men and women. Research data on these differences will help determine whether gender is important in influencing illness variables.ObjectivesDetermine whether men and women with bipolar disorder have statistical significant differences in socio-demographic and clinical data.MethodsCharts of all patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder admitted in the Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Center over a three-year period (between 2013 and 2015) were reviewed to gather data on socio-demographic, clinical and psychopathological variables to assess differences across genders. Statistical analysis of data with “SPSS21”.ResultsDuring a three-year period, 189 patients were admitted with bipolar disorder, the majority were female patients, with ages between 21 and 84 years old. The authors will analyse if there is any statistical significant difference between gender in the rate of bipolar I or II diagnoses, age at onset, symptom presentation, delay in diagnoses, number of depressive, or manic episodes, hospitalisations, involuntarily admissions, number of suicide attempts, co-morbidity rates, negative life events, family history and treatment options. Sociodemograpic characteristics will also be analysed.ConclusionGender differences in bipolar disorder is a controversial issue in the literature. The importance of gender on the course and outcome in bipolar disorder has been widely acknowledged. The limited data suggest that the prevalence is similar between sexes but that the course of illness may be different.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive Function in Older Euthymic Bipolar Patients
Authors: Hajbi K. , Baati I. , Ellouze S. , Mkaouar S. , Abida I. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo assess cognitive function in older euthymic bipolar patients. To investigate the relationship between cognitive disorders and clinical features in this population.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study during the period from August to November 2015. It included 34 stable bipolar outpatients, aged at least 65 years. We used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to screen for cognitive disorders. Our patients were clinically euthymic, as checked by the Hamilton depression scale and the Young mania scale.ResultsThe sex ratio was 1. The mean age of our patients was 68.2 years. Most of them were married (82.4%), unemployed (55.8%), living in urban area (82.4%), had low educational level (58.8%) and low income (64.7%).The majority was bipolar type 1 (67.6%). The most recent episode was manic in 55.9% of cases, including psychotic features in 50% of cases. Subsyndromal affective symptoms were noted between episodes in 23.5% of them. The average MoCA score was 23.6. Cognitive disorders were found in 61.5% of patients, who showed impairments across all cognitive domains. The most frequent deficits were found in attention (100%) and executive functions (85.3%).Cognitive dysfunction correlated to psychotic features during the last episode (P = 0.005), subsyndromal affective symptoms between episodes (P = 0.13), high number of mood episodes (P = 0.007) and hospitalisations (P = 0.014).ConclusionOur study confirmed that cognitive dysfunction was frequent in older bipolar patients in Tunisia. Preventing mood episodes, screening for addictive and somatic comorbidities, as well as cognitive rehabilitation, are suitable strategies for improving cognitive functioning among these patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Assessing Discomfort and Avoidance of Social Situations Due to Weight and Physical Appearance in Adolescents: An Exploratory Factor Analysis of a New Measure
Authors: Cunha M. , Costa A.R. , Palmeira L. , Couto M. , Galhardo A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn adolescence experiencing weight and physical appearance concerns is common. These body and weigh-related preoccupations are associated with anxiety and may lead adolescents to avoid social situations where their body image is exposed.AimThe present study aimed to conduct an exploratory factor analysis and explore the psychometric properties of a new measure of social situations discomfort and avoidance due to weight or physical appearance (DASSWPA) in a sample of adolescents.MethodsThe sample comprised 357 adolescents aged between 12 and 18-years-old, 195 males and 162 females, with a mean age of 14.69 (SD = 1.68). Participants completed a set of self-reported questionnaires concerning anxiety, stress and depression symptoms (DASS-21), bullying experiences (BIVES-A) and body image related shame feelings (BISS).ResultsThe DASSWPA is comprised of two separate scales: one regarding discomfort/anxiety and another one related to avoidance of social situations. Results suggested that both scales presented a similar two-factor structure. Both scales revealed good psychometric properties, including high internal consistency (α = 0.91) and an excellent temporal stability. Moreover, DASSWPA showed significant and positive associations with body image related shame feelings, victimization experiences, and anxiety, stress and depressions symptoms. Gender differences were also found, with girls presenting significantly higher levels in the anxiety/discomfort scale than boys.ConclusionThe DASSWPA proved to be a reliable and stable measure to assess anxiety and avoidance of social situations due to one's physical appearance and weight in adolescents.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Smoking, Preparing the Patient with a Severe Mental Disorder for Change
Authors: Chauca Chauca G.M. , Jaén Moreno M.J. , Osuna Carmona M.I. , Alcalá Partera J.A. , Rico del Viejo A.B. , Sarramea Crespo F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSmoking is a serious health problem for people with mental illness like the bipolar disorder patients. The developmental of motivational tools such as brief intervention it is necessary in the context of community care.ObjectivesEvaluating the change in motivational stage after brief intervention and evaluating the clinical and smoking factors in relation with this.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (according DSM-5 criteria) that were in the euthymic phase (defined as less than 7 points in YMRS and 10 points in HDRS) and attended the community care centers of three provinces of Andalusia (Spain). Patients who consumed in the last month qualified for the level of motivation for change (measured by URICA scale).ResultsAfter brief intervention the 29.3% of the smoking patients change in their motivational stage. The results of the multivariate analysis showed three factors in relation with dificultar the progression of the evolution of motivation to change. The high punctuation in Hamilton anxiety scale (OR = 0.53; IC95%, P = 0.002), the high puntuation in the Fageström scale (OR = 0.56, IC95%, P = 0.01), and have high autoperception of the capacity of change (OR = 0.52; IC95%, P = 0.002).ConclusionsThe anxiety (measure with Hamilton anxiety scale) plus factors in relation with smoking, like the puntuation in Fagestrom scale and the autoperception of the capacity of change decrease the possibilities to change.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dual diagnosis: On the Way to an Integrated Treatment Model?
Authors: Ezquiaga I. , González Vega Z. , Rossi P. , Fonseca F. , Tamarit C. , Castillo C. , Castro I. , Torrens M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSubstance use disorders (SUD) with psychiatric co-morbidity (dual diagnosis) represent a challenge for both mental health and addiction networks. Dual patients present greater disorder severity and worse prognosis than those with SUD or psychiatric disorders alone. There is a lack of consensus regarding which treatment model (sequential, parallel or integrated) is the most appropriate for them. Despite integrated treatment is seen as the model of excellence, it is a standard difficult to achieve.Objectives/AimsTo describe the presence of dual diagnosis and treatment model received in a sample recruited from a drug abuse community center in Barcelona (CAS Barceloneta).MethodsCross-sectional descriptive analysis of an outpatient center for SUD clinical sample regarding psychiatric co-morbidity (DSM-IV-TR criteria), social-demographic characteristics and treatment model received.ResultsIn the moment of this study, a total of 574 SUD patients are attended at CAS Barceloneta. Of them, 300 (52%) present a dual diagnosis, 64% men, mean age = 48 (SD = 11.29). Thirteen percent (n = 40) of dual patients have psychotic disorder (PsyD) diagnosis and their SUD comorbidities are: alcohol-UD (12.5%, n = 5), cocaine-UD (7.5%, n = 3), cannabis-UD (15%, n = 6), opioids-UD (17.5%, n = 7) and multiple SUD (47.5%, n = 19). Half of dual patients with PsyD (n = 20) are attended in parallel in community mental health centers.ConclusionsOur results suggest there is an important percentage of SUD patients that present psychiatric co-morbidity treated in drug abuse community centers. Parallel treatment is mainly for PsyD patients and sometimes they get lost in the gaps. We would need to develop specific dual programs to give these patients an integrated assistance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The impact of Cannabis in Schizophrenia: Pafip Three-year Longitudinal Study on Outcome and Functionality After a First Episode of Psychosis
Authors: Gomez Revuelta M. , Juncal Ruiz M. , Porta Olivares O. , Fernández Rodríguez M. , Abejas Díez D. , Sánchez Blanco L. , Landera Rodríguez R. , Medina Blanco R. , Crespo Facorro B. , Río Hortega I. Madrazo Del , Gutierrez Martin R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe association between cannabis and psychosis makes crucial the intervention on cannabis use disorder at first episodes of psychosis (FEP), especially among young population. In this group of patients, the harmful potential of cannabis is more evident by its influence on neurodevelopment. However, the nature of the association cannabis-psychosis is not clearly described. It seems to represent a mediating factor for an increased risk of psychosis in healthy and high-risk populations, determining an earlier age of onset and worsening long term outcome.ObjectivesTo assess the impact of cannabis in terms of functional and clinical prognosis in patients recruited after a FEP.Material and methodsPAFIP is an early intervention program for early stages of psychosis. One hundred and sixty-three were included, followed-up at regular intervals of six months for three years with administration of clinical and functional scales (BPRS, SAPS, SANS, CDRS, GAF and Drake). Patients were divided into three groups: (1) those non-users neither before the onset nor during follow-up (nn) PEP, (2) consumers before the FEP and during follow-up (ss) and (3) consumers before the FEP that gave up consumption during follow-up (sn).ResultsNo statistically significant differences were observed in terms of functionality at three-year follow-up endpoint but a trend to a better-preserved functionality in the sn group. The sn group presented lower scores in scales for positive symptoms with respect to the comparison groups.ConclusionsThe interruption in cannabis use may have a beneficial effect on short-term clinical prognosis and functionality on long term.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dual Diagnosis and Medical Co-morbidity: Data from a Specialized Brief Psychiatric In-patient Unit
Authors: Gomez Revuelta M. , Juncal Ruiz M. , Porta Olivares O. , Sanchez Blanco L. , Abejas Diez D. , Santayana Jenaro G. Pardo de , Landera Rodriguez R. , Nuñez Morales N.I. , Garcia Ayala L. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPrevious research on the prevalence of medical disorders among adults with dual diagnosis (DD) has been inconclusive.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess dual diagnosis and medical co-morbidity at the Brief Psychiatric Inpatient Unit of Marqués de Valdecilla Hospital, Santander in the period from January 2014 until March 2015.MethodsNinety-three patients were admitted at our hospital from December 2014 until March 2015. The simple was analyzed retrospectively. Sixty-two of the patients (66.7%) met criteria for Dual Diagnosis. We collected socio-demographic variables, drug abuse, mental pathology, and treatment received.ResultsThe mean age of the sample was 42.95 years (± 14 DS) with a male:female ratio of 1.8:1 (no significant differences by gender). Hypertension was more prevalent among patients without dual pathology (22.5%). Patients with dual diagnosis presented hypertension less likely (6.5%) (P < 0.005). This can be explained by the fact that patients without dual diagnosis had a higher mean age (47 years) than patients with dual diagnosis (42 years). We did not found statistically significant differences between both groups respect to diabetes mellitus, vascular brain disease, HIV and dyslipidemia.ConclusionsHypertension was less likely to appear among patients with dual pathology admitted to an ultra brief psychiatry unit. This could be explained for an earlier mean age at admission among these patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.