bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction of Rhenium With Trialkylbenzylammonium Chloride
Authors: Kalina Inara , Bekishev Zhenis , Zlobina Elena , Ismailova Akmaral , Tassibekov Khaidar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In rhenium technology, it is extracted along the way from highly diluted solutions, mainly by extraction with tertiary amines. Salts of quaternary ammonium bases (QAB) are potential extractants for rhenium, but there is a lack of information on the extraction of the metal with QAB salts. The aim of this work was to study the patterns of rhenium extraction with trialkylbenzylammonium chloride (TABAC). The experiments were carried out from model solutions in one stage. The content of metals was controlled from the aqueous phase by the ICP-MS method. The extraction of rhenium by TABAC was studied depending on the pH values of solutions, the nature and concentration of mineral acids, as well as the concentrations of the extractant in the organic and metal in the aqueous phases. Rhenium in a wide range of acidity of the aqueous phase is present in the form of the ReO4- anion, therefore is effectively extracted with TABAC by the anion exchange mechanism. Quantitative recovery (> 99%) is achieved in the pH range 2 - 7, as well as by varying the concentrations of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids from 0.1 to 3.0 M. The recovery of rhenium from nitric acid solutions does not exceed 30%. It has been shown that the extraction ability of TABAC in relation to rhenium is higher than that of the industrial extractant trialkylamine. Based on the study of extraction equilibria, it was established that complexes of the composition [R3R'NH]ReO4 are extracted into the organic phase. The possibility of separating rhenium, molybdenum and tungsten with a TABAC solution in kerosene was studied. Separation coefficients were calculated and it was determined that rhenium can be separated from accompanying metals from solutions with a pH greater than 7, as well as when extracted from hydrochloric and sulfuric acid solutions. It has been established that the separation factors of metals in the extraction with TABAC are higher than in the extraction with trialkylamine. Thus, trialkyl-benzylammonium chloride was considered as a selective rhenium extractant.
Based on the nonlinear inverse nearest neighbor manifold space model, prediction of the risk of nodular thyroid disease in coal miners
Authors: Zhang Hongzhen , Zhao Feng , Su Shuzhi , Zhao Chenqi , Zhu Yanmin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Nodular thyroid disease constitutes a prevalent thyroid condition, leading the incidence rate among thyroid disorders. It is particularly noteworthy that coal miners, exposed to coal dust over extended periods, face a significantly heightened risk of nodular thyroid disease due to their occupational exposure. To explore this issue further, this study enrolled 1,708 coal miners who underwent physical examinations at the Huaibei Energy Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Hospital in Anhui Province in April 2021. We meticulously gathered comprehensive clinical data, encompassing general information, laboratory test outcomes, and imaging examination results. Our research introduces a novel Non-linear Inverse Nearest Manifold Projection (NKLPP) model to evaluate the risk of nodular thyroid disease in coal miners. The model leverages advanced nonlinear mapping techniques to project high-dimensional data into a low-dimensional manifold space, thereby capturing the data's intrinsic structure and patterns to facilitate more precise identification of disease risk factors. Moreover, we conducted performance comparisons with several established risk assessment models. The findings demonstrate that the NKLPP model achieves exceptional performance in both F1 score and Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AP) metrics, significantly surpassing other models and offering substantial clinical utility.
Examination of oral health quality of life and patient satisfaction in removable denture wearers with OHIP-14 scale and VAS: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tosun Büşra , Uysal Nur 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background.
Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHQoL) is a term that encompasses conditions such as oral health status, living conditions, and function. OHQoL can change with the varying health conditions of the same individual. Prosthetic treatment options for completely edentulous patients vary today and many patients cannot afford implants or have anatomical limitations and therefore use traditional removable dentures. Although there are studies investigating OHQoL in patients using removable dentures, there is no comprehensive study comparing the patients' sociodemographic data and reasons for visiting the clinic with the oral health quality of life and additionally investigating their denture satisfaction, as in this study.
Aim.
The study aimed to investigate OHRQoL and patients satisfaction with removable dentures by comparing the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP‐14) and visual analog scale (VAS).
Methods.
The study was conducted between January 2022 and June 2023, with 150 patients using removable dentures. Patients' age, gender, education level, place of residence, smoking status, reasons for tooth loss and visiting the clinic, type of denture and the duration of denture use were recorded. OHIP-14 questions VAS were used to assess patients’ satisfactions with dentures. Descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, the Mann-Whitney non‐parametric test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used.
Results.
Statistically significant differences were found between gender, prosthetic type, usage duration and OHIP, VAS scores (p < 0.05). In terms of OHIP scores, women's scores were higher than men's, patients using total denture than partial denture in both jaws, using dentures for less than 1 year were higher more than 1 year. However, the analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in OHIP and VAS scores based on age, education level, and place of residence (p > 0.05).
Conclusions.
Patients may find it easier to adapt to removable partial dentures compared to complete dentures. Therefore, in prosthetic planning, dentists should prioritize preserving existing teeth. Regardless of the type of prosthesis, patients adapt to their prostheses over time, leading to increased satisfaction with prolonged use. Since individuals do not have the habit of visiting the dentist when there is no problem, dentists should encourage patients to attend regular dental check-ups.
Efficacy of prophylactic laxatives against opioid-induced constipation: retrospective propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Okuda Yuka , Kuriyama Toshiyuki , Tsukiyama Yoshi , Shimokawa Toshio , Wan Ke , Kawamata Tomoyuki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is problematic for patients with cancer receiving opioid therapy. Some guidelines recommend initiating regular laxatives at the same time as opioid analgesics. However, the effectiveness of prophylactic laxatives on OIC has not been widely demonstrated. We therefore examined the incidence of OIC among patients with and without prophylactic laxatives within one week after initiating strong opioid analgesics, and the factors associated with the incidence of OIC.
Methods: Eligible patients were adults with cancer for whom strong opioid analgesics were initiated after admission and who remained hospitalized for over a week. Propensity score matching analysis was used to compare outcomes after adjusting for patient background.
Results: In total, 928 patients were enrolled, from which 536 were selected after propensity score matching analysis. The incidence of OIC in patients with prophylactic laxatives was not significantly different from that without prophylactic laxatives (48.1% vs 48.9%, odds ratio (OR) = 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69-1.36). In multivariable logistic analysis, age ≥65 years (OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.07-2.19) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) ≥3 (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.04-2.77) were associated with the incidence of OIC.
Conclusion: Prophylactic laxatives do not affect the incidence of OIC in our study. Our results suggest that prophylactic laxatives are not necessarily required when initiating opioid therapy. In addition, we found that age ≥65 years and ECOG PS ≥3 were associated in our study with the incidence of OIC.
The co-prevalence of Hepatitis and Malaria in Patients Attending a Major Tertiary Healthcare in North Central, Nigeria.
Authors: Ademoyegun Julius Kayode , Aremu Stephen Olaide 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Many developing countries in Africa have shown high prevalence of malaria, HBsAg and HCV in recent times. The presence of these diseases in a population have caused severe public health problems worldwide. This study investigates the prevalence of malaria, Hepatitis B (HBsAg) and Hepatis C (HCV) in patients attending Bishop Murray Medical Centre (BMMC).
Methods
Blood specimens were collected from two hundred and forty eight, 248 patients from BMMC, Makurdi and were screened for malaria, HBsAg and HCV using rapid serological kits. High prevalence of malaria, HBsAg and HCV was observed among the patients.
Results
Malaria had a prevalence of 29.1%. prevalence of HBsAg. Prevalence of malaria was 29.4% (n = 73/248) in BMMC, Makurdi, prevalence of HBsAg was 5.2% (n = 13/248) and prevalence of HCV was 4.0% (n = 10/248) in BMMC. The prevalence of malaria according to clinical manifestation of patients attending BMMC, Makurdi is shown in table 6, 28.5% of patients who complained of fever tested positive for malaria while 71.5% of fever patients were negative. Prevalence of malaria was 32.0% in patients experiencing headache, while 68.0% were negative. Those with backpain had no malaria (0.0%), persistent crying also had no malaria (0%), hotness of body (100%), blurred vision (100%), stomach pain (100%) and joint pain all had 100% prevalence rates respectively. The difference in the prevalence rate of malaria according to clinical manifestation was not statistically significant (p > 0.05; p = 0.272).
Conclusions
Prevalence of Malaria, HBsAg and HCV was high in Benue State. Findings of this study provide a critical data to assess the impact of current prevention and control strategies in Nigeria, and serve as a reference for designing and implementing effective public health management programmes towards the 2030 elimination goal of the diseases.
Eco-friendly Nano Colloids for Enhanced Black gram (Vigna mungo) Seed Viability: Experimental and Computational Analysis
Authors: Madhan K , Kalimuthu Raja , Antony Dhivya , Chidambaram Prabu , Sekar Abirami , Solomon Rajadurai Vijay , Yadav Rakhi , Kasivelu Govindaraju , Ramakrishna Seeram 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

An experiment was designed to fabricate Polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated zein-zipped herbal molecules infused nano colloids (PZCA-NCs) for extending Vigna mungo seeds storability. PZCA-NCs was synthesized and characterized in Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Particle size analyser, Zeta Potential, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). The bio-efficacy of PZCA-NCs on seed storability was tested under accelerated ageing. The sphere-shaped PZCA-NCs possess a 151nm size with 44.5mV zeta potential at an encapsulation of 73.44 % curcumin and 69.0 % azadirachtin. The spectra of FTIR, UV –Vis, XRD, and TGA confirmed the functionality, composition, and stability of PZCA-NCs. The dialysis diffusion method was utilised to study the maximum cumulative release of biomolecules 6.1ppm (88.4%) azadirachtin and 64.57ppm (88.2%) curcumin at pH 7.4. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to determine the binding mode of molecules and examine ligand interactions in PZCA-NCs. PZCA-NCs treated seeds at 25mL/kg enumerated higher germination, vigour index, α-amylase, dehydrogenase, and catalase and peroxidase activity under ageing. Seeds storage pathogen infection was reduced with an increase in the concentration of PZCA-NCs coating. The bioassay results on insect activity evidenced that PZCA-NCs at 15.76mL/kg killed 50% and 40mL/kg killed 100% of the storage insect Callosobruchus maculatus. Toxicity study on Macrophomina phaseolina showed that PZCA-NCs at 35mL resulted in 0.8cm mycelia growth with 91.11% inhibition zone, while at 45mL had zero growth of fugal mycelia with 100 % inhibition. The study concludes that PZCA-NCs act as an efficient seed invigoration material to extend the vitality of Vigna mungo seeds during ageing.
Multimodal Tissue Segmentation is better
Authors: Pernet Cyril R. , Cummings Marc , Svarer Claus , Fisher Patrick M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Being able to distinguish tissues and quantify features in an image is ubiquitous in medical imaging, allowing, for instance, the study of differences between clinical groups or the investigation of the impact of an intervention. Assigning the tissue type is also a fundamental preprocessing step in many neuroimaging applications like image registration, normalisation or even simple masking. Because of such ubiquity, thorough investigations of segmentation algorithms are necessary to determine in which conditions they work best. The SPM implementation of tissue segmentation is a commonly used tool in this context, providing voxel-wise probabilistic estimates of brain grey and white matter tissues, cerebrospinal fluid, soft tissues, and bones. Different estimates of tissue density and/or volumes have, however, been observed using unimodal vs. multimodal inputs. Here, we contend that possible misinterpretations arise from mis-specifying parameters of the generative model underlying tissue segmentation. Using T1 weighted vs. T1 and T2 weighted images as input while also varying the number of Gaussians (1 vs. 2 for brain tissues) used in the generative model, we compared tissue volumes, tissue distributions and accuracy at classifying non-brain intracranial tissue (arteries) and grey matter nuclei in two independent datasets (discovery N = 259, validation N = 87). Results show that compared to unimodal tissue segmentation, multimodal tissue segmentation gives more replicable volume estimations, more replicable tissue modelling, and more accurate results with regards to non-brain tissue (e.g. meninges or vessels), but only when the right model parameterization is used (i.e. 2 Gaussians per brain tissue class).
Raw Sewage Treatment by Coagulation/Flocculation and Ozonization
Authors: Jorge Matheus Caneles Batista , Dornelas Karoline Carvalho , Amaral Adriana Garcia do , Roveri Milene Carvalho Bongiovani , Schneider Roselene Maria 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Coagulation/flocculation and ozonation are two treatment methods commonly used for effluents. Coagulation/flocculation destabilizes the charged particles in the medium, causing them to aggregate for subsequent separation through decantation or flotation. On the other hand, ozonation is an advanced oxidative treatment that can be employed for effluent polishing. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combining coagulation/flocculation and ozonation as an alternative treatment for raw sewage collected at the Curupy treatment station in Sinop, MT. The experiments were conducted in batches, involving seven doses of tannin-based coagulant (ranging from 0 to 300 mg L-1) with and without ozonation (for 40 minutes). Parameters such as pH, color, turbidity, UV absorbance (UV abs), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) were measured before and after the treatments. The results demonstrated that the pH values remained relatively unaffected by the treatments. However, ozonation consistently led to superior removal rates compared to non-ozonation for color, turbidity, UV abs, COD, and BOD (with removal percentages of 86, 87, 74, 71, and 55% respectively, compared to 60%, 74, 49, 58, and 36% without ozonation. For color and turbidity, stabilization of removal rates occurred at coagulant dosages above 100-150 mg L-1, regardless of ozone contact. Overall, the employed treatments ensured that the sewage met the required conditions for discharge into bodies of water and also made it suitable for potential reuse, thanks to the significant clarification of the effluent. The treatments effectively removed suspended and colloidal solids from the sewage as well as dissolved compounds.
Satellite-based Drought Assessment: Integrating Ahp Method and Fuzzy Logic for Comprehensive Vulnerability and Risk Analysis
Authors: Hodasová Kamila , Krčmář Dávid , Ondrejková Ivana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Drought research is a timely issue, as drought is an extreme phenomenon with consequences that threaten nature, landscapes and society. Drought is typically defined as a prolonged period of abnormally low precipitation leading to water shortages in soils and water supplies. This study investigates the vulnerability and risk of the landscape to drought in the Banská Bystrica region of Slovakia, focusing on the integration of Landsat 8 satellite image analysis, fuzzy logic and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods. The evaluation process involves the selection and processing of input factors from Landsat 8 satellite imagery that are key contributors to drought vulnerability. These methods are used to assess drought vulnerability and associated risks. The resulting drought vulnerability map was created using fuzzy logic in a GIS environment. The final drought risk map was then evaluated. The final maps were categorised into four classes, with comparisons made between drought vulnerability index (DVI) and drought risk index (DRI) at gauging stations. Our findings highlight significant differences in drought vulnerability and risk across different areas of the region. The study provides valuable insights into the comprehensive analysis of drought. Examination of the map shows that the highest levels of risk are found in both the northern and southern parts of the region. This spatial pattern highlights areas that are particularly vulnerable to drought.
Assessing Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceived Practices on Provision of Preschool Oral Health Care among Preschool teachers in the selected Boarding Schools: Analytical cross section studydesign
Authors: Mfiwa Oliver D , Millanzi Walter C. , Herman Patricia Z. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: oral health has become a topic of global importance especially in children as majority of the care givers do not use good practices in proving oral care, Tanzania government play a great role in integrating oral health services in the community through different health care facilities. The health benefits of oral care in children have been well documented for several decades as its essential contribution to social and physical development, so this study proposes to examine the knowledge, attitude, and perceived practices of preschool teachers in the field of early childhood health.
Methods: School based analytical cross section study which will utilize a survey questionnaires to gather data from a sample of 110 preschool teachers in the Dodoma region, the data will be collected through self-administered questionnaires prepared in English and translated to Swahili and the collected information will be analyzed using Statistical package for social science (SPSS) with the strength of 95% confidence interval and 5% significance level and presented in form of tables, bar chart, histogram and pie chart
Discussion: Oral health among the children has been a key challenges in Tanzania, it does not only cause the dental problems but also it affect the development of child, so the finding of this study will provide insight into the current level of understanding and implementation of best practices among preschool teachers and inform the development of targeted professional development programs and will make a contribution to the existing literature on early childhood education and support efforts to improve the quality of health for young children
Trial registration: none
The Impact of Reduced Salivary Flow Rate and Aging on Oral Candidiasis in Patients with Stomatitis
Authors: Lee Yeon-Hee , Seo Solsol , Kim Tae-Seok , Lee Sang-Woo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aim: We elucidated the relationship between the comorbidity of oral candidiasis and stomatitis and a reduced salivary flow rate, and identify predictors for oral candidiasis.
Methods: A total of 259 patients with stomatitis (mean age 59.77±15.93 years, range 10 –87 years, 201 females) were diagnosed with oral candidiasis through Candida albicansculture test. Clinical characteristics of the Candida–positive and Candida–negative groups were statistically analyzed.
Results: Out of the total 259 stomatitis patients, 81 (31.27%) had oral candidiasis based on Candida albicans culture. Regarding age, the stomatitis with oral candidiasis group (64.25 ± 14.66 years) was significantly older than the stomatitis without oral candidiasis group (57.73 ± 16.10 years) (p=0.002). Regarding salivary flow rates, both unstimulated salivary flow rate (UFR) (0.36 ± 0.32 mL/min vs. 0.47 ± 0.28 mL/min, p=0.006) and stimulated salivary flow rate (SFR) (1.21 ± 0.68 mL/min vs. 1.41 ± 0.69 mL/min, p=0.032) were significantly lower in patients with oral candidiasis compared to those without. The proportion of xerostomia based on UFR 0.2mL/min (xerostomia_UFR) was significantly higher in the stomatitis with oral candidiasis group (49.4%) compared to the stomatitis without oral candidiasis group (18.5%) (p<0.001). Similarly, the proportion of xerostomia based on SFR of 0.7mL/min was significantly higher in the stomatitis with oral candidiasis group (27.2%) compared to the stomatitis without oral candidiasis group (10.7%) (p<0.001). The prediction accuracy of oral candidiasis based on age was 62.2% (AUC=0.622, 95% CI: 0.547-0.696, p=0.002), with a cutoff value of 64.50 years for age. The prediction accuracy based on UFR was 65.8% (AUC=0.658, 95% CI: 0.582-0.734, p<0.001), with a cutoff value of 0.3350 mL/min for UFR. The prediction accuracy based on SFR was 58.7% (AUC=0.587, 95% CI: 0.510-0.663, p=0.025), with a cutoff value of 1.150 mL/min for SFR. From the generalized linear model for oral candidiasis, xerostomia_UFR was significant predictor (B=0.328, 95% CI: 0.177 - 0.480, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Although a decrease in salivary flow rate and aging were associated with the occurrence of oral candidiasis in patients with stomatitis, these factors alone did not result in high predictive accuracy.
A case of corneal infection with Clonostachys rosea
Authors: Liu Xiaona , Zheng Juanjuan , Huo Zihan , Wu Feng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: There have been no reported cases of infectious diseases associated with Clonostachys rosea.
Case presentation:The patient, 53 years old, was admitted with complaints of "foreign body sensation, tearing, and pain in the left eye for 2 weeks, aggravated for 7 days." And was admitted with a diagnosis of "fungal keratitis (left)." Fungal growth was confirmed through corneal scrape culture. Antifungal treatment included natamycin and fluconazole eye drops, along with oral terbinafine tablets. Levofloxacin eye drops were administered to prevent bacterial infection, and praprofen eye drops were prescribed to alleviate anterior chamber reaction. After 4 days of treatment, the patient reported reduced foreign body sensation, tearing, and pain in the left eye. Follow-up visits were scheduled at regular intervals, during which medication remained consistent and dosage gradually decreased with symptom improvement. After 35 days, ulcer lesions had formed scars, and confocal examination of the corneal focal area revealed normal epithelial cell growth with scar-like reflection below, without obvious mycelial hyperrefraction.
Conclusions: Herein, we describe a case of corneal infection attributed to Clonostachys rosea. We outline the development and treatment of this infection to enhance clinical comprehension and management of similar cases.