bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALMA and RATIR observations of GRB 131030A
Authors: Huang Kuiyun , Urata Yuji , Takahashi Satoko , Im Myungshin , Yu Po-Chieh , Choi Changsu , Butler Nathaniel , Watson Alan M. , Kutyrev Alexander , Lee William H. , Klein Chris , Fox Ori D. , Littlejohns Owen , Cucchiara Nino , Troja Eleonora , González Jesús , Richer Michael G. , Román-Zúñiga Carlos , Bloom Josh , Prochaska J. Xavier , Gehrels Neil , Moseley Harvey , Georgiev Leonid , de Diego José A. , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We report on the first open-use based Atacama Large Millimeter/submm Array (ALMA) 345 GHz observation for the late afterglow phase of GRB 131030A. The ALMA observation constrained a deep limit at 17.1 d for the afterglow and host galaxy. We also identified a faint submillimeter source (ALMA J2300−0522) near the GRB 131030A position. The deep limit at 345 GHz and multifrequency observations obtained using Swift and RATIR yielded forward-shock modeling with a two-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic jet simulation and described X-ray excess in the afterglow. The excess was inconsistent with the synchrotron self-inverse Compton radiation from the forward shock. The host galaxy of GRB 131030A and optical counterpart of ALMA J2300−0522 were also identified in the Subaru image. Based on the deep ALMA limit for the host galaxy, the 3σ upper limits of IR luminosity and the star formation rate (SFR) are estimated as LIR &lt; 1.11 × 1011 L⊙ and SFR &lt;18.7 (M⊙ yr−1), respectively. Although the separation angle from the burst location (3${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$5) was rather large, ALMA J2300−0522 may be one component of the GRB 131030A host galaxy, according to previous host galaxy cases.
Comparison of cardiovascular risk algorithms in patients with vs without rheumatoid arthritis and the role of C-reactive protein in predicting cardiovascular outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Alemao Evo , Cawston Hélène , Bourhis François , Al Maiwenn , Rutten-van Molken Maureen , Liao Katherine P. , Solomon Daniel H. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Objectives. The aims were to compare the performance of cardiovascular risk calculators, Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and QRISK2, in RA and matched non-RA patients and to evaluate whether their performance could be enhanced by the addition of CRP.
Methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis, using a clinical practice data set linked to Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) data from the UK. Patients presenting with at least one RA diagnosis code and no prior cardiovascular events were matched to non-RA patients using disease risk scores. The overall performance of the FRS and QRISK2 was compared between cohorts, and assessed with and without CRP in the RA cohort using C-Index, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and the net reclassification index (NRI).
Results. Four thousand seven hundred and eighty RA patients met the inclusion criteria and were followed for a mean of 3.8 years. The C-Index for the FRS in the non-RA and RA cohort was 0.783 and 0.754 (P &lt; 0.001) and that of the QRISK2 was 0.770 and 0.744 (P &lt; 0.001), respectively. Log[CRP] was positively associated with cardiovascular events, but improvements in the FRS and QRISK2 C-Indices as a result of inclusion of CRP were small, from 0.764 to 0.767 (P = 0.026) for FRS and from 0.764 to 0.765 (P = 0.250) for QRISK2. The NRI was 3.2% (95% CI: −2.8, 5.7%) for FRS and −2.0% (95% CI: −5.8, 4.5%) for QRISK2.
Conclusion. The C-Index for the FRS and QRISK2 was significantly better in the non-RA compared with RA patients. The addition of CRP in both equations was not associated with a significant improvement in reclassification based on NRI.
Pain Catastrophizing is Not Associated With Spinal Nociceptive Processing in People With Chronic Widespread Pain
Authors: Rice David A. , Parker Rosalind S. , Lewis Gwyn N. , Kluger Michal T. , McNair Peter J. 
Published: December 2016

Objectives:
Pain catastrophizing has been associated with higher pain intensity, increased risk of developing chronic pain and poorer outcomes after treatment. Despite this, the mechanisms by which pain catastrophizing influences pain remain poorly understood. It has been hypothesized that pain catastrophizing may impair descending inhibition of spinal level nociception. The aims of this study were to compare spinal nociceptive processing in people with chronic widespread pain and pain-free controls and examine potential relationships between measures of pain catastrophizing and spinal nociception.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-six patients with chronic widespread pain and 22 pain-free individuals participated in this study. Spinal nociception was measured using the nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) threshold and NFR inhibition, measured as the change in NFR area during exposure to a second, painful conditioning stimulus (cold water immersion). Pain catastrophizing was assessed using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and a situational pain catastrophizing scale.

Results:
Compared with pain-free controls, patients with chronic widespread pain had higher pain catastrophizing scores and lower NFR thresholds. Although NFR area was reduced by a painful conditioning stimulus in controls, this was not apparent in individuals with chronic widespread pain. No significant correlations were observed between measures of pain catastrophizing and spinal nociception.

Discussion:
Despite increased excitability and decreased inhibition of spinal nociception in patients with chronic widespread pain, we could find no evidence of a significant relationship between pain catastrophizing and measures of spinal nociceptive processing.
Complications Rates of Recertification Applicants to Those Seeking Initial Orthopedic Board Certification
Authors: Hunter Joshua G. , Baumhauer Judith F. 
Published: December 2016

The American Board of Orthopaedic Surgeons (ABOS) has integrated Maintenance of Certification process to ensure continued physician education and improved clinical performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate overall change in complication rates for foot and ankle (FA) procedures by surgeons seeking board recertification (BRC) to initial board certifiers (IBC) using ABOS case lists. The ABOS database and case list was reviewed from January, 2006 to December, 2010 for the most commonly performed FA procedures as indicated by current procedural terminology codes (27600-28899; 29893-29907) by 2 distinct groups: (1) those seeking their IBC, and (2) those seeking their BRC. The 15 most common FA procedural codes were identified and complications reported from these codes were tallied and recorded. The 15 most commonly reported procedures comprised 8 traumatic and 7 elective procedures. There was a statistically significant difference of cases reporting at least 1 complication from IBC compared with BRC (14.5% vs. 9.9%, P<0.001). All rates were significantly less (P<0.001) in BRC versus IBC for infection (2.3% vs. 3.8%), wound dehiscence (1.6% vs. 3.0%), skin ulcer/blister (0.9% vs. 1.8%), implant fracture (0.2% vs. 1.0%), pulmonary embolus/deep vein thrombosis (0.4% vs. 0.8%), nerve injury (0.3% vs. 0.8%), iatrogenic bone fracture (0.01% vs. 0.3%). There was a significant overall reduction in the complication rates, both collectively and individually for BRC compared with IBC. Continued efforts to collect and analyze cross-sectional data could be useful in designing customized risk-reduction programs and monitoring surgeon practice performance.
Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Measuring Moral Distress Among Critical Care Clinicians: Validation and Psychometric Properties of the Italian Moral Distress Scale-Revised*
Authors: Lamiani Giulia , Setti Ilaria , Barlascini Luca , Vegni Elena , Argentero Piergiorgio 
Published: December 2016

Objectives:
Moral distress is a common experience among critical care professionals, leading to frustration, withdrawal from patient care, and job abandonment. Most of the studies on moral distress have used the Moral Distress Scale or its revised version (Moral Distress Scale-Revised). However, these scales have never been validated through factor analysis. This article aims to explore the factorial structure of the Moral Distress Scale-Revised and develop a valid and reliable scale through factor analysis.

Design:
Validation study using a survey design.

Setting:
Eight medical-surgical ICUs in the north of Italy.

Subjects:
A total of 184 clinicians (64 physicians, 94 nurses, and 14 residents).

Interventions:
The Moral Distress Scale-Revised was translated into Italian and administered along with a measure of depression (Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition) to establish convergent validity. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to explore the Moral Distress Scale-Revised factorial structure. Items with low (less than or equal to 0.350) or multiple saturations were removed. The resulting model was tested through confirmatory factor analysis.

Measurements and Main Results:
The Italian Moral Distress Scale-Revised is composed of 14 items referring to four factors: futile care, poor teamwork, deceptive communication, and ethical misconduct. This model accounts for 59% of the total variance and presents a good fit with the data (root mean square error of approximation = 0.06; comparative fit index = 0.95; Tucker-Lewis index = 0.94; weighted root mean square residual = 0.65). The Italian Moral Distress Scale-Revised evinces good reliability (α = 0.81) and moderately correlates with Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (r = 0.293; p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in the moral distress total score between physicians and nurses. However, nurses scored higher on futile care than physicians (t = 2.051; p = 0.042), whereas physicians scored higher on deceptive communication than nurses (t = 3.617; p < 0.001). Moral distress was higher for those clinicians considering to give up their position (t = 2.778; p = 0.006).

Conclusions:
The Italian Moral Distress Scale-Revised is a valid and reliable instrument to assess moral distress among critical care clinicians and develop tailored interventions addressing its different components. Further research could test the generalizability of its factorial structure in other cultures.
End-of-Life Nursing Care and Education
Authors: D'Antonio Jocelyn 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT:
The dying experience is forever carried in the life story of those for whom the nurse cares. A goal of end-of-life nursing education is to produce nurses who are comfortable with death and dying and who have had the opportunity to reflect on their thoughts and feelings about end-of-life care. This article reviews the history, development, and teaching methods of end-of-life care, offering recommendations for future education.
End of Life in a Haitian American, Faith-Based Community
Authors: Ladd Susan Charlotte , Gordon Shirley C. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT:
This article presents two models resulting from a grounded theory study of the end-of-life decision-making process for Haitian Americans. Successful access to this vulnerable population was achieved through the faith-based community. The first model describes this faith-based community of Haitian Americans. The second model describes the process used by families in this community who must make end-of-life healthcare decisions. Implications for nursing practice and caring science include a need to improve the congruence between the nursing care provided at this vulnerable time and the cultural values of a population.
Chronic Localized Fibrosing Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Associated With Lymphedema, Intralymphatic and Intravascular Lymphocytosis, and Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia: A Case Report of Unilateral Erythema Elevatum Diutinum
Authors: Atallah Juliana , Garces Juan C. , Loayza Enrique , Carlson John A. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:
One of the pathogenic causes of cutaneous inflammatory pseudotumors is chronic localized fibrosing leukocytoclastic vasculitis (CLFLCV), a vasculitic reaction pattern seen in granuloma faciale (GF), a localized vasculitis, and erythema elevatum diutinum (EED), a generalized vasculitis. Patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are at risk for a diverse spectrum of cutaneous neutrophilic dermatoses such as EED. Herein, we report a 74-year-old man who presented with a large ulcerative, fungating tumor affecting the right flexor ankle caused by CLFLCV. During his workup and management, MDS and Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myeloid leukemia was diagnosed. Surgical excision of the inflammatory mass promptly triggered tumor recurrence, whereas antineutrophil therapy (dapsone coupled with hydroxyurea, and prednisone) lead to tumor regression. Histopathologic examination revealed an eosinophilic-rich small-vessel neutrophilic vasculitis associated with storiform and angiocentric fibrosis (GF-like). In the regions of fibrosis, dilated lymphatic and vascular spaces were numerous, some of which were congested with small CD3+-positive lymphocytes (intralymphatic and intravascular lymphocytosis). These findings indicate coexisting localized lymphedema. By direct immunofluorescence, IgM and C4d vessel deposits were detected. The pathogenesis of the fibrotic nodules and plaques of CLFLCV is suspected to be due to recurring bouts of immune-complex vasculitis, creating a cycle of vessel damage followed by reparative granulation tissue. Poor lymphatic drainage may be the underlying factor initiating and maintaining recurrent, localized episodes of immune-complex vasculitis and progressive fibrosis. Although his tumor histopathology resembled GF—eosinophilic rich CLFLCV—the clinical context points to a solitary and paraneoplastic case of EED.
Azathioprine Therapy in a Pediatric TPMT-Deficient Patient—Still an Option
Authors: van Moorsel S. A. W. , Bevers N. , Meurs M. , van Rossum L. K. , Hooymans P. M. , Wong D. R. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:
We describe the case of a pediatric patient on azathioprine therapy with previously undiagnosed homozygote thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) deficiency, resulting in myelotoxic thiopurine metabolite levels. The patient was successfully treated with a very low azathioprine dose of 50 mg once a week (4% of standard dose), guided by frequent thiopurine metabolite measurement and a close clinical surveillance. We demonstrate that azathioprine therapy still might be an effective and safe therapeutic option in pediatric thiopurine S-methyltransferase–deficient IBD patients.
Technique to Improve Tracheostomy Speaking Valve Tolerance after Head and Neck Free Flap Reconstruction
Authors: Stranix John T. , Danziger Keri M. , Dumbrava Veturia L. , Mars Ginger , Hirsch David L. , Levine Jamie P. 
Published: December 2016

Summary:
Increased upper airway resistance from postoperative changes after major head and neck surgery may cause elevated transtracheal pressures and result in tracheostomy speaking valve intolerance. This may be particularly true among patients with baseline pulmonary disease. We describe a patient recovering from oral cancer resection and flap reconstruction who demonstrated prolonged ventilator dependence and tracheostomy speaking valve intolerance with abnormal tracheal manometry. We attempted to improve speaking valve tolerance through the adaptation of a valve modification intended to reduce transtracheal pressures. Drilling holes into the 1-way speaking valve allowed for excess air egress and resulted in normalization of transtracheal pressures with improved speaking valve tolerance. This 1-way speaking valve modification may serve as a simple method to allow for earlier restoration of voicing and potentially reduce the number of ventilator- dependent days in this patient population.
EFFECTS OF A MODIFIED VITRECTOMY PROBE IN SMALL-GAUGE VITRECTOMY
Authors: Rizzo Stanislao , Fantoni Gualtiero , de Santis Giovanni , Lue Jaw-Chyng Lormen , Ciampi Jonathan , Palla Michele , Genovesi Ebert Federica , Savastano Alfonso , De Maria Carmelo , Vozzi Giovanni , Brant Fernandes Rodrigo A. , Faraldi Francesco , Criscenti Giuseppe 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:
Thorough this experimental study, the physic features of a modified 23-gauge vitrectomy probe were evaluated in vitro.

Methods:
A modified vitrectomy probe to increase vitreous outflow rate with a small-diameter probe, that also minimized tractional forces on the retina, was created and tested. The “new” probe was created by drilling an opening into the inner duct of a traditional 23-gauge probe with electrochemical or electrodischarge micromachining. Both vitreous outflow and tractional forces on the retina were examined using experimental models of vitreous surgery.

Results:
The additional opening allowed the modified probe to have a cutting rate of 5,000 cuts per minute, while sustaining an outflow approximately 45% higher than in conventional 23-gauge probes. The modified probe performed two cutting actions per cycle, not one, as in standard probes. Because tractional force is influenced by cutting rate, retinal forces were 2.2 times lower than those observed with traditional cutters.

Conclusion:
The modified probe could be useful in vitreoretinal surgery. It allows for faster vitreous removal while minimizing tractional forces on the retina. Moreover, any available probe can be modified by creating a hole in the inner duct.
VISUAL FUNCTION CORRELATES OF FOVEAL SLOPE CHANGES ON OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IN MACULAR TELANGIECTASIA TYPE 2
Authors: Jaisankar Durgasri , Raman Rajiv , Gondhale Harshal , Chhablani Jay , Agarwal Manisha 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:
To evaluate changes in foveal and parafoveal thickness measured using optical coherence tomography across five stages of macular telangiectasia 2 (MacTel 2) and to correlate the foveal slope angle with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

Methods:
A multicentered, cross-sectional study of 90 patients with bilateral MacTel 2 was carried out. We reviewed medical records of patients who had undergone optical coherence tomography. Mean retinal thickness foveal and subfoveal were noted from ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) mapping and later used for calculating foveal slope angle. The change in retinal thickness and foveal angle across five stages of MacTel 2 was assessed. Central foveal thickness and foveal slope angle were correlated with BCVA.

Results:
The foveal slope angles were calculated quadrantwise and stagewise. The mean slope angle was minimum in temporal quadrant (6.29°) followed by inferior (7.13°), superior (7.54°), and nasal (7.93°). The slope angles were 9.27°, 7.95°, 6.70°, 6.10°, and 6.31° in Stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Statistically significant correlation noted between the temporal, superior, inferior slope angles and BCVA (in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) with r = −0.18, −0.19, and −0.25, respectively (P < 0.05). No statistically significant correlation was noted between central retinal thickness and BCVA.

Conclusion:
The BCVA correlates better with slope angles than central retinal thickness. This implies that, change in both foveal and parafoveal regions accounts for vision change. Greater the foveal slope angle, the better the vision.
POLYPOIDAL CHOROIDAL VASCULOPATHY: A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC STUDY
Authors: Moussa Kareem , Bloomer Michele M. , Schwartz Daniel M. , Pan Carolyn K. , Toy Brian C. , Crawford Joseph B. , Afshar Armin R. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:
To present a unique case of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy presenting as a blind, painful eye with a suspected intraocular mass, and to correlate clinical findings with histopathologic studies.

Methods:
Clinical case report and literature review.

Results:
A 58-year-old Vietnamese man presented with a blind, painful eye with concern for an intraocular mass. B-scan ultrasonography showed massive intraocular hemorrhage and could not rule out a tumor. The patient underwent enucleation and the histopathologic findings were consistent with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

Conclusion:
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy can present with dense vitreous hemorrhage and may masquerade as an intraocular mass. It can progress rapidly and lead to profound, irreversible vision loss. A diagnosis of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy should be considered in patients of African or East Asian origin presenting with vitreous hemorrhage.
The COMT Val158Met Polymorphism Is Associated With Response to Add-on Dextromethorphan Treatment in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Lee Sheng-Yu , Chen Shiou-Lan , Wang Tzu-Yun , Chang Yun-Hsuan , Chen Po See , Huang San-Yuan , Tzeng Nian-Sheng , Wang Liang-Jen , Lee I Hui , Chen Kao Ching , Yang Yen Kuang , Lu Ru-Band 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Purpose/Background
We previously conducted a randomized, double-blind, controlled, 12-week study evaluating the effect of add-on dextromethorphan (DM), a noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, on patients with bipolar disorder (BD) treated using valproate (VPA), which showed negative clinical differences. The genetic variation between each individual may be responsible for interindividual differences. The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene has been a candidate gene for BD. In the current study, we investigated whether the COMT Val158Met polymorphism predicts treatment response to VPA + add-on DM and to VPA + placebo.

Methods/Procedures
Patients with BD (n = 309) undergoing regular VPA treatments were randomly assigned to groups given either add-on DM (30 mg/d) (n = 102), DM (60 mg/d) (n = 101), or placebo (n = 106) for 12 weeks. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale were used to evaluate clinical response during weeks 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12. The genotypes of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism were determined using polymerase chain reaction plus restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. To adjust for within-subject dependence over repeated assessments, multiple linear regression with generalized estimating equation methods was used.

Findings/Results
When stratified by the COMT Val158Met genotypes, significantly greater decreases in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores were found in the VPA + DM (30 mg/d) group in patients with the Val/Met genotype (P = 0.008).

Conclusions
We conclude that the COMT Val158Met polymorphism may influence responses to DM (30 mg/d) by decreasing depressive symptoms in BD patients.
Agitation in Patients Recovering From Traumatic Brain Injury: Nursing Management
Authors: Mortimer Diane Schretzman , Berg Wesley 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
This article reviews clinical and research literature regarding the nursing management of agitation after severe traumatic brain injury. Neuroscience nurses in acute rehabilitation settings use an evidence-based approach to perform multifaceted assessments and implement effective individualized plans of care. These essential efforts minimize the effects of agitation and help patients achieve optimal outcomes.