bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile Preparation of Porous Graphene Oxide‐Based Nanocomposite Xerogel for Selective Absorption
Authors: Zhu Zhao‐Qi , Dai Jian‐Feng , Ma Chong‐Hua , Sun Han‐Xue , Liang Wei‐Dong , Li An 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe removal of trace water from hydrophobic solvents or oils is great technological significance for industrial oil dehydration. In this paper, polymeric nanocomposite hydrogel with semi‐interpenetrating network structure was synthesized using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone as the matrix, glutaraldehyde as crosslinker and graphene oxide (GO) as the nanofillers. After simply freeze‐drying treatment of the GO‐based hydrogel in swollen state, GO‐based nanocomposite xerogel was obtained, which shows a three‐dimensional structure composed by interconnected macropores. The GO concentration has an apparent influence on the morphologies of the resulting sample. With the increase of GO concentration, the polymer network tends to compact accompanying with a decrease in pore size. The GO nanosheets could serve as a barrier to hinder the collapse of the polymer network both in salt solution and organic solvents. Besides, the GO‐based nanocomposite xerogel exhibits high separation ability for removal of trace water from oils. The efficiency of GO‐based nanocomposite xerogel for removal of water in diesel oil could be reached up to 99.9%, which is of great technologically significance for selective separation and absorption of hydrophilic components from hydrophobic solvents, for example oil dehydration and so on.
Mesomorphic Properties of Novel Supramolecular Calix[4]arene Schiff Base Ester Derivatives: Design and Biological Investigation
Authors: Sharma Vinay S. , Singh Hemant K. , Vekariya Rajesh H. , Sharma Anuj S. , Patel Roshan B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTwo homologues series of liquid crystals based on calix[4]arene core have been prepared by the condensing of Schiff base derivatives of 4‐n‐alkoxy benzaldehyde and 4‐amino benzoic acid at the lower rim of tert‐butyl calix[4]arene. They have been designed to a correlation between the molecular structure and mesomorphism with reference to ‐CH=N‐ and ‐COO‐ linkage group. All these compounds were characterized by elemental analyses and spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR. Mesomorphic behaviour of novel materials were studied by polarising optical microscope (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X‐ray diffraction measurements to confirm the presence of mesophase. Comp.C7‐I to C18‐I (Series‐1) and C4‐II to C18‐II (Series‐2) shows smectic and nematic mesophase enantiotropically manner. Comp.C3‐I, C7‐I, C6‐II, C7‐II, C12‐II subjected to in vitro antimicrobial screening against two gram ( +ve) bacteria ( S.aureus, S.Pyogenes), two gram (‐ve) bacteria (E.coli, P.aeruginosa) and three fungal strains (C.albicans, A.Niger, A.clavatus).
Easy Preparation of Tannin‐Based Ag Catalysts for Ethylene Epoxidation
Authors: Schaefer Sébastien , Ramirez Adrian , Mallada Reyes , Izquierdo Maria T. , Santamaria Jesus , Celzard Alain , Fierro Vanessa 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUltramicroporous carbons loaded with silver (Ag) nanoparticles were synthesised by submitting tannins to hydrothermal treatment in aqueous solutions of silver nitrate at different concentrations, followed by a pyrolysis step. The resultant materials were oxidised with dioxygen diluted in argon for removing the carbon partly coating the Ag nanoparticles and thus increasing the active metal surface area. Morphological, chemical, structural and textural characterisations were carried out in order to establish relationships between the physicochemical properties of the materials and their performances as catalysts for ethylene epoxidation. The latter reaction was increasingly promoted at higher silver content, and the efficiency of the oxidative post‐treatment was evidenced. The relation between selectivity and Ag content was nonlinear, in favour of the improved availability of silver nanoparticles after the removal of the carbon coating, at constant surface area and micropore size distribution of the carbon support. A favourable effect of Ag nanoparticles agglomeration on the selectivity was suggested.
Fabrication and Photosensitivity of CdS/Silicon Nanoscrew Photoresistor
Authors: Liu Jing , Yi Futing , Zhou Yue , Wang Bo , Zhang Tianchong , Wang Yuting 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSilicon nanoscrews with aspect ratio of 3, 6 and 9 corresponding to 4, 8 and 12 etching cycles are fabricated by CsCl self‐assembly lithography and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) dry etching with “Bosch Process”, which can reduce the reflection to below to 10% for wavelength from 400 to 1000 nm. A layer of Cadmium sulfide (CdS) film covers onto the silicon nanoscrews surface to photoresistor. The XRD pattern shows the CdS packed both on the nanoscrew and planar surface are well‐crystallized. The nanoscrew substrate with the large surface ratio can increase the light absorption and quantity of sensitive material, which can improve the photosensitivity of the CdS photoresistor compared to the planar one obviously. However, the aspect ratio of nanoscrew is not the larger the better for that the high aspect ratio also increases the difficulty of CdS package. The photosensitivity response test results show that the nanoscrew photoresistor with 6 aspect ratio has the best performance under different illumination. With 10000 μW/cm2, the best photosensitivity response achieves to 141 for nanoscrew sample.
A New Methodology for Detection and Assessment of Nitric Oxide in Biological Samples
Authors: Singh Nimisha , Patel Khushbu , Nayak Jyotsna M. , Yadav Jyoti , Sahoo Suban K. , Kumar Rajender 
Published: September 2017

AbstractInspired by the biochemical reaction of of L‐4‐Thiazolidinecarboxylic acid (thioproline, TCA) with nitric oxide in human body, a novel method was developed to quantify the NO2− in biological matrix at very high sensitivity and selectivity. The developed assay has added advantage over traditional Griess reagent and can be employed for the clinical assays of NO2− at room temperature using thioproline.
Three‐Dimensional Hierarchical NiCo2O4 Nanosheets/Carbon Nanotubes/Carbon Cloth as a Flexible Electrode Material for Electrochemical Capacitors
Authors: Zhang Jia‐Nan , Liu Ping , Jin Li‐Na , Jin Chun , Bian Shao‐Wei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn order to achieve superior energy storage performances, the design of electrode materials with complex heterostructure has attracted intensive attention. In this study, the NiCo2O4/carbon nanotubes/carbon cloth (NiCo2O4/CNTs/CC) composite electrode material with a three‐dimensional (3D) and hierarchically porous structure was prepared by using ZnO‐assisted template method and followed the electrodeposition and thermal decomposition processes. The vertical carbon nanotube arrays on carbon cloth formed a 3D conductive network, which facilitates to achieve fast electron transportation. After further growing ultrathin NiCo2O4 nanosheets on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), the resultant NiCo2O4/CNTs/CC electrode material exhibited remarkable electrochemical performances. It showed a maximum specific capacitance of 1518 F/g at a scan rate of 5 mV/s in 2 mol/L KOH aqueous solution and excellent stability under the conditions of long term cycling, mechanical bending and twisting conditions. The solid‐state symmetric electrochemical capacitor assembled by the NiCo2O4/CNTs/CC electrode material delivered an energy density of 13.0 Wh/kg at the power density of 1276 W/kg.
The Preparation and Characterization of Two Composite Energetic Salts Based on 3,4‐Dinitraminofurazan
Authors: Huang Haifeng , Zhou Junhong , Shi Yameng , Yang Jun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractComposite energetic salts (CES) of 3,4‐dinitraminofurazan based on hydroxylammonium and ammonium in the ratio of 3:1 (salt7) and 1:1 (salt8) were successfully prepared for the first time and their structures were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Salt7showed better thermal stability, higher density and lower impact sensitivity while possessing the detonation performance equally to that of the corresponding hydroxylammonium salt.
An economic case forCSR:The comparative efficiency of for‐profit firms in meeting consumer demand for social goods
Authors: Kaul Aseem , Luo Jiao 
Published: September 2017

Research SummaryWe develop a formal model of CSR, with both a for‐profit and a non‐profit organization providing social goods to needy recipients and competing for resources from consumers. We show that CSR results in financial benefit if it is either related to the firm's core business, or non‐overlapping with non‐profit efforts, but only leads to social benefit if both conditions apply, with these relationships being moderated by the firm's core business capabilities. Our article thus makes a case for CSR based on the comparative efficiency of for‐profits in providing social goods relative to non‐profits, while also highlighting the potential divergence between the financial and social impact of CSR. In addition, it offers new insights into the heterogeneity of CSR, and the role of non‐profits and hybrids.Managerial SummaryFirms that undertake socially responsible actions are often rewarded for these actions by supporters of social causes, enabling the firms to make additional profits from CSR. Whether CSR is socially beneficial, however, depends on how the firm compares to a non‐profit serving the same cause. CSR activities that are non‐overlapping with existing non‐profit efforts, and that are closely related to the firm's core business, are likely to most strongly benefit society, especially when undertaken by high‐performing firms. Where this is not the case, CSR adds little social value and may even be harmful. Managers seeking to maximize both firm profits and social welfare through CSR should thus ask themselves: What is my firm's unique advantage in serving this cause relative to alternative providers, for example, non‐profits?
The impact of strategic dissent on organizational outcomes: A meta‐analytic integration
Authors: Samba Codou , Van Knippenberg Daan , Miller C. Chet 
Published: September 2017

Research summary:Strategic dissent represents divergence in ideas, preferences, and beliefs related to ideal and/or future strategic emphasis. Conventional wisdom in strategic management holds that such differences in managerial cognitions lead to higher‐quality strategic decisions, and thus to enhanced firm performance. However, 4 decades of empirical research have not provided consistent findings or clear insights into the effects of strategic dissent. Hence, we analyze the relative validity of predictions about these effects from both social psychological theories of group behavior and information processing perspectives on decision‐making. Then, we conduct a meta‐analytic path analysis (MASEM) based on current empirical evidence. Synthesizing data from 78 articles, we put to rest the notion that strategic dissent leads to positive outcomes for organizations and estimate how negative its effects actually are.Managerial summary:Top management teams (TMTs) set the tone and direction for their firms in important ways. Top managers, however, often disagree over fundamental issues related to strategy. Such strategic dissent affects how important decisions are made, and thus how the firm performs. In more specific terms and contrary to popular belief, strategic dissent creates not only dysfunctional relationships among top managers, but also disrupts the process by which these managers exchange, discuss, and integrate information and ideas in making strategic decisions. In short, firms have not yet generated value through numerous perspectives, ideas, and opinions among their top managers. We discuss interventions that could prove helpful in efforts to benefit from having diverse cognitions in a TMT.
Localized Surface Plasmon Induced Position‐Sensitive Photodetection in Silicon‐Nanowire‐Modified Ag/Si
Authors: Mei Chunlian , Liu Shuai , Huang Xu , Gan Zhikai , Zhou Peiqi , Wang Hui 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSurface plasmon‐based approaches are widely applied to improve the efficiency of photoelectric devices such as photosensors and photocells. In order to promote the light absorption and electron–hole pair generation in devices, metallodielectric nanostructures are used to boost the growth of surface plasmons. Here, silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are used to modify a metal–semiconductor structure; thus, Ag/SiNWs/Si is manufactured. In this system, a large increased lateral photovoltaic effect (LPE) is detected with a maximum positional sensitivity of 65.35 mV mm−1, which is ≈53‐fold and 1000‐fold compared to the conventional Ag/Si (1.24 mV mm−1) and SiNWs/Si (0.06 mV mm−1), respectively. It is demonstrated that localized surface plasmons (LSPs) contribute a lot to the increment of LPE. Furthermore, through the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering spectra of rhodamine‐6G and finite‐difference time‐domain simulation, it is illustrated that silver‐coated SiNWs support strong LSPs. The results propose an enhancement mechanism based on LSPs to facilitate the photoelectric conversion in LPE and offer an effective way to improve the sensitivity of photodetectors.
Size‐resolved analysis of fine and ultrafine fractions of indoor particulate matter using energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence and electron microscopy
Authors: Hamdan Nasser M. , Alawadhi Hussain , Jisrawi Najeh , Shameer Mohamad 
Published: September 2017

We used a multistage PIXE inertial impactor with nine different aerodynamic diameter ranges (between 16 and 0.06 μm) to sample indoor particulate matter (PM). X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements performed at cutoff diameters (CoDs) of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 μm were used to identify elements in various size fractions. Anthropogenic sources were the dominant sources for fine and ultrafine particle sizes. The XRF results show that natural sources also contribute to the fine and ultrafine fractions of pollutants. Scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive system analysis were performed on membranes having PM CoDs of 4, 2, 1, 0.5, and 0.25 μm. Elemental mappings show the membranes with PM of CoDs 0.25 and 0.5 μm having S as a dominant element, confirming the results obtained with XRF. Strong correlation among maps of S, N, and O show that ammonium sulfate is the major constituent at these size fractions. Other elements such as Si, Ca, Fe, Al, and Mg show up in smaller amounts at these size fractions but increase for membranes with larger particles. For size fractions larger than 0.5 μm, there is a good correlation between the elemental maps of these elements and oxygen, indicating that these elements exist mostly in oxide forms. The absence of clear N signals and the correlation between the Ca and S maps indicate that S in these size fractions is not due to ammonium sulfate. The presence of Mg, K, Cl, and Na at these CoDs shows that these elements are due to salts originating from sea breeze.
Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Diastematomyelia at 11–14 Week Scan
Authors: Lakshmy Selvaraj Ravi , Rose Nity , Kumar Masilamani Praveen , Shobana Umapathy 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDiastematomyelia is a rare form of congenital spinal anomaly in which the spinal cord is longitudinally split by a rigid or fibrous septum. Prenatal diagnosis of this condition has mainly been reported in the mid trimester. The authors report two cases of diastematomyelia detected at the 11–14 week scan with a brief review of literature. One case detected in the late first trimester was associated with open spina bifida, and the other detected at 12 weeks was a case of isolated diastematomyelia. Though the sonographic features of diastematomyelia are the same in the first and the second trimester, the findings are better appreciated in late first trimester as the ossification in vertebral bodies is minimal before 12 weeks of gestation. Both of the cases presented with typical sonographic features and the ultrasound findings correlated well with postnatal examination. Intracranial signs were pivotal in arriving at the diagnosis of associated open spina bifida in first trimester.
Impaired action self-monitoring and cognitive confidence among ultra-high risk for psychosis and first-episode psychosis patients
Authors: Gawęda Ł. , Li E. , Lavoie S. , Whitford T.J. , Moritz S. , Nelson B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundSelf-monitoring biases and overconfidence in incorrect judgments have been suggested as playing a role in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Little is known about whether self-monitoring biases may contribute to early risk factors for psychosis. In this study, action self-monitoring (i.e., discrimination between imagined and performed actions) was investigated, along with confidence in judgments among ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis individuals and first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients.MethodsThirty-six UHR for psychosis individuals, 25 FEP patients and 33 healthy controls (CON) participated in the study. Participants were assessed with the Action memory task. Simple actions were presented to participants verbally or non-verbally. Some actions were required to be physically performed and others were imagined. Participants were asked whether the action was presented verbally or non-verbally (action presentation type discrimination), and whether the action was performed or imagined (self-monitoring). Confidence self-ratings related to self-monitoring responses were obtained.ResultsThe analysis of self-monitoring revealed that both UHR and FEP groups misattributed imagined actions as being performed (i.e., self-monitoring errors) significantly more often than the CON group. There were no differences regarding performed actions as being imagined. UHR and FEP groups made their false responses with higher confidence in their judgments than the CON group. There were no group differences regarding discrimination between the types of actions presented (verbal vs non-verbal).ConclusionsA specific type of self-monitoring bias (i.e., misattributing imagined actions with performed actions), accompanied by high confidence in this judgment, may be a risk factor for the subsequent development of a psychotic disorder.
Polygenic risk score of sporadic late‐onset Alzheimer's disease reveals a shared architecture with the familial and early‐onset forms
Authors: Cruchaga Carlos , Del‐Aguila Jorge L. , Saef Benjamin , Black Kathleen , Fernandez Maria Victoria , Budde John , Ibanez Laura , Deming Yuetiva , Kapoor Manav , Tosto Giuseppe , Mayeux Richard P. , Holtzman David M. , Fagan Anne M. , Morris John C. , Bateman Randall J. , Goate Alison M. ,   Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN),   Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI),   NIA‐LOAD family study, Harari Oscar 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the extent of overlap of the genetic architecture among the sporadic late‐onset Alzheimer's Disease (sLOAD), familial late‐onset AD (fLOAD), sporadic early‐onset AD (sEOAD), and autosomal dominant early‐onset AD (eADAD).MethodsPolygenic risk scores (PRSs) were constructed using previously identified 21 genome‐wide significant loci for LOAD risk.ResultsWe found that there is an overlap in the genetic architecture among sEOAD, fLOAD, and sLOAD. The highest association of the PRS and risk (odds ratio [OR] = 2.27; P = 1.29 × 10−7) was observed in sEOAD, followed by fLOAD (OR = 1.75; P = 1.12 × 10−7) and sLOAD (OR = 1.40; P = 1.21 × 10−3). The PRS was associated with cerebrospinal fluid ptau181‐Aβ42 on eADAD (P = 4.36 × 10−2).ConclusionOur analysis confirms that the genetic factors identified for LOAD modulate risk in sLOAD and fLOAD and also sEOAD cohorts. Specifically, our results suggest that the burden of these risk variants is associated with familial clustering and earlier onset of AD. Although these variants are not associated with risk in the eADAD, they may be modulating age at onset.
Does Conservative Rehabilitation Program Lead to Long-Term Stiffness after Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair?
Authors: Ming Chan Chun , Hei Li Pang 
Published: September 2017

Background Evidence on the ideal rehabilitation program for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is lacking. Most data and results are conflicting with no consensus made. This study aims to compare between an early aggressive program with immediate postoperative range-of-motion (ROM) exercises and a more conservative program with early restriction of motion in Hong Kong Chinese population. Materials and Methods We retrospectively evaluated 37 arthroscopic rotator cuff repair cases who underwent a standardized delayed rehabilitation protocol of immobilization for 4 weeks to 6 weeks before formal passive ROM exercises. Patients were evaluated at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after the surgery, for which they would be tested on passive forward flexion (FF). They were categorized as “stiff if FF was less than 100°. Constant score, Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, and isometric abduction power deficit percentage were parameters to assess the functional outcome, and they were obtained in all of the patients’ last follow-up assessments. Results Two cases (5.4%) are considered “stiff 6 months after the surgery. At 1 year, the stiffness in both cases resolved, resulting in 0% rate of stiffness. The mean FF at 1 year was 153.33 ± 20.15, which is comparable to the literature. Two cases (5.4%) of clinical retear occurred. Mean Constant score at the latest follow-up was 62.4 ± 13.2. Mean VAS score was 1.1 ± 1.8 at rest and 2.8 ± 2.0 on exertion. Mean DASH score was 25.3 ± 21.9. Mean isometric abduction power deficit was 42.7% ± 0.2%. Discussion Historically, due to concerns on long-term stiffness, an early aggressive postoperative rehabilitation protocol was used. We found that an early restriction of ROM with 4 weeks to 6 weeks of immobilization did not lead to long-term stiffness and functional disadvantage. This includes patients with stiffness even before the operations. Conclusions Immobilization for 4 weeks to 6 weeks after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair does not result in long-term stiffness and may even be beneficial to cuff tendon healing.
A Brief Historical Perspective of Cancer Rehabilitation and Contributions From the National Institutes of Health
Authors: Gerber Lynn H. , Hodsdon Bonnie , Comis Leora Ellen , Chan Leighton , Gallin John I. , McGarvey Charles L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPeople who have cancer diagnoses often need care throughout their lives through all stages of their illness. These stages include diagnosis, primary treatment, survivorship, and end of life. The management of people with cancer, now a common and chronic illness with long‐term survival improving, is complex, challenging, and rapidly changing. Rehabilitation for people with cancer diagnoses is a new specialty and is charged with providing care throughout the trajectory of illness and wellness to maximize potential for function and mitigate disability. Rehabilitation interventions include the application of physical and occupational therapeutics, speech and language interventions, and physical medicine in order to help patients reach their individual goals and to promote life satisfaction. The Department of Rehabilitation in the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health has pioneered this field through research and clinical care models over the past 40 years. Staff of this department has supported clinical research investigators at the National Institutes of Health in their exploration of new treatments using chemotherapies, surgery, radiation, and psychosocial interventions. They have also engaged in research specific to rehabilitation to devise and improve functional outcome measures, design exercise interventions, devise orthotics, and prosthetic devices for adaptation to functional loss. Collectively, the staff has published widely in oncology textbooks and professional journals in order to share findings and improve the quality of cancer rehabilitation treatment across the continuum of care.