bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective cognitive decline in cognitively normal elders from the community or from a memory clinic: Differential affective and imaging correlates
Authors: Perrotin Audrey , La Joie Renaud , de La Sayette Vincent , Barré Louisa , Mézenge Florence , Mutlu Justine , Guilloteau Denis , Egret Stéphanie , Eustache Francis , Chételat Gaël 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIntroductionSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) could indicate preclinical Alzheimer's disease, but the existing literature is confounded by heterogeneous approaches to studying SCD. We assessed the differential cognitive, affective, and neuroimaging correlates of two aspects of SCD: reporting high cognitive difficulties on a self‐rated questionnaire versus consulting at a memory clinic.MethodsWe compared 28 patients from a memory clinic with isolated SCD, 35 community‐recruited elders with similarly high levels of self‐reported cognitive difficulties, and 35 community‐recruited controls with low self‐reported cognitive difficulties.ResultsIncreased anxiety and amyloid β deposition were observed in both groups with high self‐reported difficulties, whereas subclinical depression and (hippocampal) atrophy were specifically associated with medical help seeking. Cognitive tests showed no group differences.DiscussionThese results further validate the concept of SCD in both community‐ and clinic‐based groups. Yet, recruitment methods influence associated biomarkers and affective symptomatology, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of SCD depending on study characteristics.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Hypogonadism Impact of Symptoms Questionnaire
Authors: Gelhorn Heather L. , Dashiell-Aje Ebony , Miller Michael G. , DeRogatis Leonard R. , Dobs Adrian , Seftel Allen D. , Althof Stanley E. , Brod Meryl , Revicki Dennis A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe Hypogonadism Impact of Symptoms Questionnaire (HIS-Q) is a patient-reported outcome measurement designed to comprehensively evaluate the symptoms of hypogonadism and to detect changes in these symptoms in response to treatment.AimTo conduct item analysis and reduction, evaluate the psychometric properties of the HIS-Q, and provide guidance on interpreting the instrument score.MethodsA 12-week observational, longitudinal study of hypogonadal men was conducted. Participants completed the HIS-Q every 2 weeks. Blood samples were collected to evaluate testosterone levels. Participants also completed the Aging Male's Symptoms Scale, the International Index of Erectile Function, the Short Form-12 Health Survey, and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Sexual Activity, Satisfaction with Sex Life, Sleep Disturbance, and Applied Cognition Scales (at baseline and weeks 6 and 12). Clinicians completed the Clinical Global Impression of Severity and Change measurements and a clinical form.Main Outcome MeasuresIndividual item performance was evaluated using descriptive statistics and Rasch analyses. Reliability (internal consistency and test-retest), validity (concurrent and know groups), and responsiveness were assessed.ResultsIn total, 177 men participated in the study (mean age = 54.1 years, range = 23–83). The original 53-item draft HIS-Q was reduced to 28 items; the final instrument included five domains (sexual, energy, sleep, cognition, and mood) with two sexual subdomains (libido and sexual function). For all domains, test-retest reliability was acceptable (intraclass correlation coefficients &gt; 0.70), construct validity was good (|r &gt; 0.30| for all comparisons). Known-groups validity was demonstrated for all HIS-Q domain scores, subdomain scores, and the total score as measured by the Clinical Global Impression of Severity, and total testosterone level at baseline (P &lt; .05 for all comparisons). All domains and subdomains were responsive to change based on patient-rated anchor questions (P &lt; .05 for all comparisons).ConclusionThe final 28-item HIS-Q is reliable, valid, and responsive. The HIS-Q is suitable for inclusion in future clinical trials to help characterize the effects of testosterone replacement therapy.
Use of High-Dose Phenylephrine in the Treatment of Ischemic Priapism: Five-Year Experience at a Single Institution
Authors: Ridyard Douglas G. , Phillips Elizabeth A. , Vincent William , Munarriz Ricardo 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionIschemic priapism is an uncommon urologic emergency characterized by a compartment syndrome-like ischemic insult to the corpora cavernosa of the penis. The goal of treatment in ischemic priapism is rapid detumescence to prevent long-term erectile dysfunction. Non-surgical treatment options include aspiration, irrigation, and intracavernous injections of sympathomimetic agents. At our institution, phenylephrine is used in the treatment of ischemic priapism at concentrations and doses that are higher than those recommended in established guidelines.AimTo characterize our experience with high-concentration intracavernous phenylephrine in the treatment of ischemic priapism at an urban tertiary care center.MethodsA retrospective chart review identified 58 unique patients presenting to the emergency department on 136 occasions and receiving the diagnosis of ischemic priapism by urologic physicians. Patients' charts were reviewed to record the dosing of phenylephrine and the outcomes and circumstances of the presentation.Main Outcome MeasuresSuccess rates of different treatment strategies for different circumstances of presentation.ResultsSuccessful detumescence was achieved with non-surgical management in 86% of unique patients and the overall resolution rate when including repeat visits was 94%. All patients presenting within less than 36 hours of priapism were successfully treated with non-surgical management. There were no reported complications or associated symptoms related to the use of intracavernous phenylephrine during the 5-year period.ConclusionThe use of high concentration and dosing of intracavernous phenylephrine demonstrates a high success rate in the treatment of ischemic priapism. Future prospective studies are needed to further characterize appropriate phenylephrine dosing for its efficacy and safety.
Inflammatory aspects of epileptogenesis: contribution of molecular inflammatory mechanisms
Authors: Alyu Feyza , Dikmen Miriş 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveEpilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterised with seizures. The aetiology of the most generalised epilepsies cannot be explicitly determined and the seizures are pronounced to be genetically determined by disturbances of receptors in central nervous system. Besides, neurotransmitter distributions or other metabolic problems are supposed to involve in epileptogenesis. Lack of adequate data about pharmacological agents that have antiepileptogenic effects point to need of research on this field. Thus, in this review, inflammatory aspects of epileptogenesis has been focussed via considering several concepts like role of immune system, blood–brain barrier and antibody involvement in epileptogenesis.MethodsWe conducted an evidence-based review of the literatures in order to evaluate the possible participation of inflammatory processes to epileptogenesis and also, promising agents which are effective to these processes. We searched PubMed database up to November 2015 with no date restrictions.ResultsIn the present review, 163 appropriate articles were included. Obtained data suggests that inflammatory processes participate to epileptogenesis in several ways like affecting fibroblast growth factor-2 and tropomyosin receptor kinase B signalling pathways, detrimental proinflammatory pathways [such as the interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)–interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1R1) system], mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, microglial activities, release of glial inflammatory proteins (such as macrophage inflammatory protein, interleukin 6, C–C motif ligand 2 and IL-1β), adhesion molecules that are suggested to function in signalling pathways between neurons and microglia and also linkage between these molecules and proinflammatory cytokines.ConclusionThe literature research indicated that inflammation is a part of epileptogenesis. For this reason, further studies are necessary for assessing agents that will be effective in clinical use for therapeutic treatment of epileptogenesis.
Frequency of autoimmune disorders and autoantibodies in patients with neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Pereira Wildéa Lice de Carvalho Jennings , Reiche Edna Maria Vissoci , Kallaur Ana Paula , Oliveira Sayonara Rangel , Simão Andréa Name Colado , Lozovoy Marcell Alysson Batisti , Schiavão Lucas José Vaz , Rodrigues Paula Raquel do Vale Pascoal , Alfieri Daniela Frizon , Flauzino Tamires , Kaimen-Maciel Damacio Ramón 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to report the frequency of autoimmune disorders and autoantibodies in 22 patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO), as well as whether the seropositivity for autoantibodies differs between anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4) positive and AQP4 negative NMO patients.MethodsDemographic, medical records, and a profile of autoantibodies were evaluated in 22 NMO patients, including AQP4, anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg), anti-double-stranded DNA, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic, anti-cyclic citrullinate peptide, rheumatoid factor, anti-SSA/Ro, anti-SSB/La, anti-Smith antibodies (anti-Sm), anti-ribonucleoprotein, anti-nucleosome, and anti-Scl70. Thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxin were measured.ResultsThe frequency of women was higher than men (95.5% vs. 4.5%) and 68.2% were Afro-Brazilians. Six (27.3%) patients presented other autoimmune disorders, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis (n=2), Graves’ disease (n=1), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (n=1), systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis (n=1), and Raynaud’s phenomenon (n=1). The most frequent autoantibodies were anti-AQP4 (54.5%), anti-nucleosome (31.8%), ANA (27.3%), anti-TPO (22.7%), and anti-Tg (22.7%). Difference was not observed in the frequency of autoimmune disorders when the patients were compared according to their anti-AQP4 status.ConclusionThe results of the present study underscored that the NMO patients present high frequency of autoantibodies against cellular antigens and the presence of autoimmune disorders. Further studies with large number of NMO patients may contribute to advances in the understanding of NMO disease mechanisms.
EMERGENCE OF “DRIVERS” FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
Authors: Castro Jaramillo Hector Eduardo , Moreno-Mattar Ornella , Osorio-Cuevas Diana 
Published: October 2016

Background: Health technology assessment (HTA) examines the consequences of the application of health technologies and is aimed at better informing decision-makers. Over the past 30 years, different countries have implemented HTA organizations. Colombia established by law its own HTA agency (IETS) in 2011 which started operations in November 2012. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of conducting and using HTA to inform decision-making in this context. Through a qualitative approach, ten “drivers” emerged with the ability to help or hinder HTA development in this context: availability and quality of data, implementation strategy, cultural aspects, local capacity, financial support, policy/political support, globalization, stakeholder pressure, health system context, and usefulness perception.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key HTA researchers, after following rigorous transcription, and thematic content analysis, those aspects that may be barriers or facilitator for HTA development and use in Colombia were identified.Results: Although HTA has become a tool to inform decision-making around the world, its use may vary according to setting. Determining those aspects which may enable or interfere with HTA development and use in Colombia may be useful for other countries when considering the establishment of HTA systems.Conclusions: The conceptual transferability of concepts like “drivers” with caveats may be of interest for similar settings trying to incorporate HTA processes and institutions into systematic decision-making.
An investigation of child maltreatment and epigenetic mechanisms of mental and physical health risk
Authors: Cicchetti Dante , Hetzel Susan , Rogosch Fred A. , Handley Elizabeth D. , Toth Sheree L. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn the present investigation, differential methylation analyses of the whole genome were conducted among a sample of 548 school-aged low-income children (47.8% female, 67.7% Black,Mage = 9.40 years), 54.4% of whom had a history of child maltreatment. In the context of a summer research camp, DNA samples via saliva were obtained. Using GenomeStudio, Methylation Module, and the Illumina Custom Model, differential methylation analyses revealed a pattern of greater methylation at low methylation sites (n= 197 sites) and medium methylation sites (n= 730 sites) and less methylation at high methylation sites (n= 907 sites) among maltreated children. The mean difference in methylation between the maltreated and nonmaltreated children was 6.2%. The relative risk of maltreatment with known disease biomarkers was also investigated using GenoGo MetaCore Software. A large number of network objects previously associated with mental health, cancer, cardiovascular systems, and immune functioning were identified evidencing differential methylation among maltreated and nonmaltreated children. Site-specific analyses were also conducted for aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (ANKK1), and nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (NR3C1) genes, and the results highlight the importance of considering gender and the developmental timing of maltreatment. ForALDH2, the results indicated that maltreated girls evidenced significantly lower methylation compared to nonmaltreated girls, and maltreated boys evidenced significantly higher methylation compared to nonmaltreated boys. Moreover, early onset–not recently maltreated boys evidenced significantly higher methylation atALDH2compared to nonmaltreated boys. Similarly, children with early onset–nonrecent maltreatment evidenced significantly higher methylation compared to nonmaltreated children atANKK1. The site-specific results were not altered by controlling for genotypic variation of respective genes. The findings demonstrate increased risk for adverse physical and mental health outcomes associated with differences in methylation in maltreated children and indicate differences among maltreated children related to developmental timing of maltreatment and gender in genes involved in mental health functioning.
Architectural Design at Bagan and Angkor: A Comparison
Authors: KOLLER ALEXANDER 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis study looks at the crucial features of Cambodian and Burmese monumental architecture at the peak of the two empires. By necessity, the overwhelming majority of sites are religious, as residential structures of almost any type, with the exception of some monastic buildings, were made of perishable materials and do not survive.
A Sign of the End Time: ‘The Monastery’, Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi H.2153 f.131b
Authors: WHITE JAMES 
Published: October 2016

AbstractStudies of visual culture in the Persian-speaking world of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries frequently discuss the literary contexts in which painting was often produced, yet scant attention has been paid to understanding how the visual can engage with the verbal beyond representing a sequential narrative. Arguing that paintings and literary texts are autonomous, yet can engage with similar ideas, this article focuses on a painting in the album TSMK H.2153 that is generally perceived to lie outside the frameworks of narrative poetry: ‘The Monastery’ (f.131b). The article investigates how the painting employs techniques of representation similar to those used in lyric and panegyric poetry, to connect individual motifs and thereby explore ideas. An engagement with the continuities between literary and visual cultures reveals a chronogram, giving the year in which ‘The Monastery’ was produced, and allows us to understand how it constructs a vision of unorthodox kingship.
The European School Fruit Scheme: impact on children’s fruit and vegetable consumption in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Authors: Methner Sarah , Maschkowski Gesa , Hartmann Monika 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of the European School Fruit Scheme (SFS) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on children’s fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption, in particular frequency.DesignThe study consisted of a pre-test/post-test design with an intervention (eight primary schools) and a control group (two primary schools). Children’s F&V consumption frequency was measured prior to the introduction of the SFS in 2010 and after one year’s delivery of F&V (2011).SettingTen primary schools in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.SubjectsIn total, 499 primary-school children aged 6–11 years, 390 in the intervention and 109 in the control schools.ResultsChildren highly appreciated the SFS. More than 90 % evaluated the programme positively. Children in the intervention group showed a significant increase in F&V intake frequency from baseline to follow-up, from on average 1·26 (sd1·37) to 2·02 (sd1·33) times/d (P=0·000). The intervention variable had a highly significant impact on children’s F&V consumption frequency, even after controlling for gender, age and stay at school for lunch (β=0·773; 95 % CI 0·59, 0·96). The SFS did not induce a reduction of F&V consumption at home. In the control group a non-significant decline in F&V consumption frequency from 1·31 (sd1·26) to 1·18 (sd1·34) times/d (P=0·325) was observed.ConclusionOne year after the programme’s implementation, the SFS led to a significant short-term increase in children’s F&V consumption.
Work-to-Family Enrichment and Conflict Profiles: Job Characteristics and Employees’ Well-Being
Authors: Carvalho Vânia Sofia , Chambel Maria José 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article aims to analyze work-to-family conflict (WFC) and enrichment (WFE) profiles related to job characteristics and well-being at work and general well-being. A cross-sectional survey data of 1885 employees was analyzed. The Latent Profile Analysis revealed that the five-profile solution exhibited strong statistical significance (p> .001). ANCOVAs were performed to analyze the relationship of the identified profiles with job characteristics and well-being. Employees in the Beneficial profile had the best perception of job characteristics (lowest demands and the highest control and support) and the highest well-being, and those in the Harmful profile had the lowest job characteristics perceptions and the lowest well-being. Through a comparison of the Moderate Active profile and the Moderate Harmful profile, WFE was found to buffer the effects of the WFC on well-being at work (burnout; engagement) and on general well-being (i.e., health perceptions). The promotion of WFE through higher job autonomy, job support, and fewer demands is a crucial aspect to consider. This study helps to consolidate the work-family balance typology and its effects on employees’ well-being, and broadens this framework to consider job characteristics.
Sensing surface mechanical deformation using active probes driven by motor proteins
Authors: Inoue Daisuke , Nitta Takahiro , Kabir Arif Md. Rashedul , Sada Kazuki , Gong Jian Ping , Konagaya Akihiko , Kakugo Akira 
Published: October 2016

AbstractStudying mechanical deformation at the surface of soft materials has been challenging due to the difficulty in separating surface deformation from the bulk elasticity of the materials. Here, we introduce a new approach for studying the surface mechanical deformation of a soft material by utilizing a large number of self-propelled microprobes driven by motor proteins on the surface of the material. Information about the surface mechanical deformation of the soft material is obtained through changes in mobility of the microprobes wandering across the surface of the soft material. The active microprobes respond to mechanical deformation of the surface and readily change their velocity and direction depending on the extent and mode of surface deformation. This highly parallel and reliable method of sensing mechanical deformation at the surface of soft materials is expected to find applications that explore surface mechanics of soft materials and consequently would greatly benefit the surface science.
Excess of mutational jackpot events in expanding populations revealed by spatial Luria–Delbrück experiments
Authors: Fusco Diana , Gralka Matti , Kayser Jona , Anderson Alex , Hallatschek Oskar 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe genetic diversity of growing cellular populations, such as biofilms, solid tumours or developing embryos, is thought to be dominated by rare, exceptionally large mutant clones. Yet, the emergence of these mutational jackpot events is only understood in well-mixed populations, where they stem from mutations that arise during the first few cell divisions. To study jackpot events in spatially structured populations, we track mutant clones in microbial populations using fluorescence microscopy and population sequencing. High-frequency mutations are found to be massively enriched in microbial colonies compared with well-shaken liquid cultures, as a result of late-occurring mutations surfing at the edge of range expansions. Thus, jackpot events can be generated not only when mutations arise early but also when they occur at favourable locations, which exacerbates their role in adaptation and disease. In particular, because spatial competition with the wild type keeps most mutant clones in a quiescent state, strong selection pressures that kill the wild type promote drug resistance.
The optical frequency comb fibre spectrometer
Authors: Coluccelli Nicola , Cassinerio Marco , Redding Brandon , Cao Hui , Laporta Paolo , Galzerano Gianluca 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOptical frequency comb sources provide thousands of precise and accurate optical lines in a single device enabling the broadband and high-speed detection required in many applications. A main challenge is to parallelize the detection over the widest possible band while bringing the resolution to the single comb-line level. Here we propose a solution based on the combination of a frequency comb source and a fibre spectrometer, exploiting all-fibre technology. Our system allows for simultaneous measurement of 500 isolated comb lines over a span of 0.12 THz in a single acquisition; arbitrarily larger span are demonstrated (3,500 comb lines over 0.85 THz) by doing sequential acquisitions. The potential for precision measurements is proved by spectroscopy of acetylene at 1.53 μm. Being based on all-fibre technology, our system is inherently low-cost, lightweight and may lead to the development of a new class of broadband high-resolution spectrometers.