bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial-Temporal Variation of Drought in China from 1982 to 2010 Based on a modified Temperature Vegetation Drought Index (mTVDI)
Authors: Zhao Shuhe , Cong Dianmin , He Kexun , Yang Hong , Qin Zhihao 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDroughts cause huge losses of society and environment, therefore it is important to study the spatial-temporal pattern of drought. The traditional remote sensing drought indices (AVI, VCI and TCI) only consider the single factor representing the soil moisture (surface temperature or NDVI). The comprehensive remote sensing drought indices (VSWI and TVDI) can estimate the soil moisture more accurately, but they are not suitable for large scale region especially with great elevation variation. In this study, a modified Temperature Vegetation Drought Index (mTVDI) was constructed based on the correction of elevation and dry edge. Compared with the traditional drought indices, mTVDI had a better relationship with soil moisture in all selected months (R = −0.376, −0.406, −0.459, and −0.265, p < 0.05). mTVDI was used to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns of drought in China from 1982 to 2010. The results showed that droughts appeared more frequently in Northwest China and the southwest of Tibet while drought centers of North and Southwest China appeared in Huanghuaihai Plain and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau respectively. The frequency of drought was increasing as a whole while the frequency of severe drought increased significantly by 4.86% and slight drought increased slowly during 1982 to 2010. The results are useful for the understanding of drought and policy making of climate change.
Transit and integration of extracellular mitochondria in human heart cells
Authors: Cowan Douglas B. , Yao Rouan , Thedsanamoorthy Jerusha K. , Zurakowski David , del Nido Pedro J. , McCully James D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTissue ischemia adversely affects the function of mitochondria, which results in impairment of oxidative phosphorylation and compromised recovery of the affected organ. The impact of ischemia on mitochondrial function has been extensively studied in the heart because of the morbidity and mortality associated with injury to this organ. As conventional methods to preserve cardiac cell viability and contractile function following ischemia are limited in their efficacy, we developed a unique approach to protect the heart by transplanting respiration-competent mitochondria to the injured region. Our previous animal experiments showed that transplantation of isolated mitochondria to ischemic heart tissue leads to decreases in cell death, increases in energy production, and improvements in contractile function. We also discovered that exogenously-derived mitochondria injected or perfused into ischemic hearts were rapidly internalised by cardiac cells. Here, we used three-dimensional super-resolution microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to determine the intracellular fate of endocytosed exogenous mitochondria in human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes and primary cardiac fibroblasts. We found isolated mitochondria are incorporated into cardiac cells within minutes and then transported to endosomes and lysosomes. The majority of exogenous mitochondria escape from these compartments and fuse with the endogenous mitochondrial network, while some of these organelles are degraded through hydrolysis.
Risk of glomerular filtration rate decline in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Wang Shao-Yun , Luo Jing , Dong Yi-Fei , Liu Xu-Yang , Fan Ying-Li , Deng Ming , Chen Da-Wei , Li Ping , Cheng Xiao-Shu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSleep apnoea is associated with chronic kidney diseases. A high obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) prevalence is shown in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Whether the presence of OSA would affect the renal function of patients with HCM is unknown. Forty-five consecutive patients with HCM were divided into the HCM OSA− and OSA+ groups. Forty-three patients with OSA without HCM were recruited as controls. Clinical indices, including estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), were measured. The eGFR was significantly lower in the HCM OSA+ group than in the HCM OSA− (P < 0.05) and OSA (P < 0.001) groups. Multivariate linear regression analysis identified that the apnoea-hypopnoea index was independently associated with eGFR in all patients with HCM (β = −1.329, 95% confidence interval: −1.942, −0.717, P < 0.001). The urine 8-OHdG level, an oxidative stress marker, was significantly higher in the HCM OSA+ group than in the HCM OSA− (P < 0.001) and OSA (P < 0.001) groups and significantly correlated with the AHI (r = 0.467, P = 0.003) and eGFR (r = −0.457, P = 0.004) in all patients with HCM. Our study suggests a risk of eGFR decline in patients with HCM and OSA.
First demonstration of coherent Cherenkov radiation matched to circular plane wave
Authors: Sei Norihiro , Takahashi Toshiharu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe observed coherent Cherenkov radiation matched to a circular plane wave (CCR-MCP) for the first time using a hollow conical dielectric made of a high-density polyethylene. The refractive index and the absorption coefficient of the dielectric were evaluated to be 1.537 ± 0.004 and 0.006 ± 0.028 by measuring the pulse formed by the interference between the CCR-MCP and the coherent diffraction radiation. These values were consistent with the values shown in a reference for the high-density polyethylene. In accordance with the theory of the Cherenkov radiation, the spectrum of the CCR-MCP shifted towards higher wavenumbers compared to that of the coherent diffraction radiation. The intensity of the CCR-MCP beam was proportional to the height of the hollow conical dielectric and was 3 times the intensity of the coherent diffraction radiation. The CCR-MCP technique can produce broadband terahertz-wave sources with unprecedented power at compact accelerator facilities.
Advantage of early orchiopexy for undescended testis: Analysis of testicular growth percentage ratio in patients with unilateral undescended testicle
Authors: Tseng Chi-Shin , Chiang I-Ni , Hong Chung-Hung , Lu Yu-Chuan , Hong Jian-Hua , Chang Hong-Chiang , Huang Kuo-How , Pu Yeong-Shiau 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis study reports the experience of our tertiary referral center and proposes a new indicator, the growth percentage ratio (GPR), for determining the optimal timing of surgical intervention. A retrospective review of boys who underwent orchiopexy for undescended testis from 2001 to 2013 was conducted. We analyzed testicular volumes in different age groups using the UDT to normally descended testis ratio and testicular GPR. A total of 134 boys with unilateral undescended testicle underwent regular ultrasonography follow-up examinations for more than a mean of 3.9 years. Forty-five (33.4%) of them underwent orchiopexy before the age of one year. Orchiopexy at this age resulted in a GPR (2.02 ± 0.40) that was significantly higher than the GPRs in the second (1 < age ≤ 2 years, 1.25 ± 0.13, p = 0.004) and third (age > 2 years, 1.24 ± 0.14 p = 0.008) age groups. The undescended testicle grew faster when orchiopexy was performed before one year of age. Orchiopexy performed within one year from birth significantly accelerates the growth of the UDT, as determined using the GPR, compared to other age groups. The present clinical evidence indicates that orchiopexy should be performed before one year of age.
Umgang mit Angehörigen auf der Intensivstation
Authors: Hartog Christiane , Bodechtel Ulf 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFamily-centered care in the ICU is a quality criterion of modern intensive care. Relatives are not just visitors, caregivers and involved stakeholders, but also partners for the medical team, especially when eliciting patient preferences and during shared decisionmaking. The move towards family-centered care signifies that traditional roles are changing; family-centered care is becoming a critical component of optimizing patient outcomes in the ICU.
Schussverletzungen – Diagnostik und Therapie in der Präklinik
Authors: von Lübken Falk , Holsträter Thorsten , Palm Hans-Georg , Andres Torsten , Riesner Hans-Joachim , Friemert Benedikt ,   aus der AG Einsatz- Katastrophen- und Taktische Chirurgie (EKTC) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie (DGU)
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungIn der Notfallmedizin tätige Ärzte in Deutschland haben, verglichen mit den USA, nur relativ geringe Erfahrungen mit Schussverletzungen. Dieser Beitrag vermittelt Basiswissen über die verschiedenen Schusswaffen und die damit hervorgerufenen unterschiedlichen Verletzungen, um bereits präklinisch eine gezielte Diagnostik und erste therapeutische Schritte einleiten zu können.
Konservative Therapie eines aseptischen Abszesssyndroms mit Milzabszessen bei Morbus Crohn
Authors: Göbel Thomas , Rauen-Vossloh Jutta , Hotz Hubert , Boldt Andree , Erhardt Andreas 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungEine 24-jährige Patientin mit bekanntem Morbus Crohn entwickelte wenige Monate nach Absetzen ihrer immunsuppressiven Therapie mit Azathioprin blutige Diarrhoen und multiple intraabdominelle Abszesse mit täglichem Fieber, Leukozytose und erhöhtem CRP. Trotz mehrfacher Abszesspunktionen konnte kein Keim nachgewiesen werden und verschiedene antimikrobielle Therapien erreichten weder ein klinisches noch serologisches Therapieansprechen. Im Verlauf traten zusätzlich Milzabszesse auf. Nachdem die Patientin bereits über eine operative Abszessausräumung und Splenektomie aufgeklärt worden war, wurde in einer interdisziplinären Fallbesprechung die Verdachtsdiagnose eines seltenen aseptischen Abszesssyndroms im Sinne einer autoinflammatorischen, extraenterischen Manifestation des Morbus Crohn gestellt. Daraufhin wurde die geplante Operation abgesagt, alle antimikrobiellen Medikamente abgesetzt und eine intravenöse Prednisolontherapie (1 mg/kg KG) eingeleitet. Nach Ansprechen auf die Behandlung wurde zusätzlich der TNF-Inhibitor Infliximab verabreicht und die Milz- und intraabdominellen Abszesse bildeten sich im Verlauf komplett zurück.Die Kenntnis des seltenen aseptischen Abszesssyndroms, das charakterisiert ist durch (a) sterile Abszesse mit Nachweis von neutrophilen Granulozyten im Aspirat, (b) negative Blutkulturen, (c) fehlendes Ansprechen auf antimikrobielle Therapien und (d) rasche klinische Verbesserung unter einer Prednisolontherapie mit bildmorphologischem Ansprechen kann wie im Fall unserer Patientin unnötige Operationen vermeiden. Die Pathophysiologie des aseptischen Abszesssyndroms ist bisher unbekannt, in Kenntnis der sterilen Punktate wird eine autoinflammatorische Genese diskutiert. Daten einer französischen Fallsammlung deuten jedoch darauf hin, dass dieses Syndrom bei chronisch-entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen womöglich häufiger zu finden ist. In der deutschen Fachliteratur ist dieses Krankheitsbild bisher nicht beschrieben worden.
Positionspapier der DGVS zur endoskopischen Dekompression bei akutem Ileus
Authors: Götz Martin , Braun Georg , Jakobs Ralf , Messmann Helmut , Stange Eduard , Lerch Markus ,   für die Mitglieder der DGVS-Kommission im Anhang
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungBei Patienten mit paralytischem oder mechanischem Ileus und bildgebend dilatiertem Dünn- oder Dickdarm erscheint eine Dekompression mittels endoskopischer Verfahren erfolgversprechend, wird häufig aber unkritisch und ohne belastbare Evidenz eingesetzt. Vor der Entscheidung zu einem endoskopischen Vorgehen sollte mittels CT-Bildgebung die Klärung erfolgen, ob ein mechanisches Passagehindernis oder ein paralytischer Ileus/eine intestinale Pseudoobstruktion vorliegt. Ein lumenverlegender Tumor sollte dabei identifiziert und in Bezug auf seine Höhe im Kolon lokalisiert werden, weil davon die Wahl des Entlastungsverfahrens abhängt. Bei einer Dilatation des Zoekums auf über 12 cm besteht ein erhöhtes Perforationsrisiko, bei toxischem Megakolon wird ohne gute Evidenz 6 cm im Transversum angegeben.Die endoskopische Entlastung ist komplikationsbehaftet. Sie sollte, wenn möglich, elektiv und nicht als Notfalleingriff erfolgen. Sie sollte unter CO2-Insufflation und mit der Möglichkeit der Durchleuchtung durchgeführt werden. Die vorherige Anlage einer nasalen oder oralen Entlastungssonde ist regelhaft und eine Schutzintubation häufig erforderlich. Bei über 90 % der Patienten mit Pseudoobstruktion (Ogilvie-Syndrom) ist ein endoskopisches Vorgehen entbehrlich, weil die konservative Therapie innerhalb von 24 bis 48 Stunden zum Erfolg führt. Das endoskopische Absaugen von Gas und flüssigem Darminhalt als alleinige Maßnahme ist so wenig nachhaltig, dass es im Regelfall mit der Einlage eines Entlastungskatheters kombiniert wird.Die Einlage von selbstexpandierenden Metallstents zur Dekompression von Tumorstenosen ist meist nur im linksseitigen Kolon und Rektum zu erwägen, mit einem signifikanten Perforations- und Stentmigrationsrisiko verbunden und onkologisch umstritten wegen der möglichen Mobilisation von Tumorzellen und einer erhöhten postoperativen Tumorrezidivrate. Ein primär operatives Vorgehen ist in vielen Fällen zielführender.Das vorliegende Positionspapier fasst die Vorzüge und Nachteile der verschiedenen Dekompressionsverfahren in unterschiedlichen klinischen Situationen zusammen.
Longer observation time increases adenoma detection in the proximal colon – a prospective study
Authors: Klare Peter , Phlipsen Henrik , Haller Bernhard , Einwächter Henrik , Weber Andreas , Abdelhafez Mohamed , Bajbouj Monther , Brown Hayley , Schmid Roland , von Delius Stefan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Longer observation times are associated with increased adenoma detection rates (ADR) in the entire colon. However, adenomas in the proximal colon are at risk of being missed during colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of observation time on detection of adenomatous polyps in the proximal colon.
Patients and methods This was a prospective study at a university hospital in Germany. Colonoscopies were conducted using magnetic endoscope imaging (MEI) in order to determine the exact position of the scope. Exact observation times spent for the detection of polyps in the proximal and distal colon segments were assessed. The primary outcome was adenoma detection in the proximal colon. ROC curves were generated in order to test the correlation between observation time and adenoma detection. Logistic regression analysis was used to check for interfering factors.
Results A total 480 procedures with 538 polyps were available for analysis. The overall adenoma detection rate was 38.5 %. ADR in the proximal colon was 28.0 %. There was a significant association between observation time in the proximal colon and the detection of proximal adenomas (P < 0.001). The impact of the time factor on ADR was stronger in the proximal compared to the distal colon (P = 0.030). A net period of 4 min 7 sec was found to be the minimum time span for sufficient adenoma detection in the proximal colon.
Conclusion Observation time is significant in terms of adenoma detection in the proximal colon. The impact of observation time on ADR is stronger in the proximal compared to the distal colon. In the proximal colon a minimum time span of 4 minutes should be spent in order to ensure adequate adenoma detection.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02819492
Organizational ethical integrity: good and bad illusions
Authors: Polowczyk Paweł Łukasz 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIntegrity has always been an ambiguous or vague concept. Integrity as a general concept seems to be too problematic in philosophical or scientific language. This paper will aim to improve and preserve the specific notion of integrity—the concept of moral integrity as a virtue and as a moral purpose, and its opposite—the concept of counterfeit moral integrity or false moral integrity. It stresses a strong relationship between the concepts of morality and the concept of moral integrity: if moralities are diverse, moral integrity has many forms too, and the forms are only as good as the morality behind them. The paper emphasizes their organizational dimensions because any organizational impact—due to its scale—can be especially beneficial or detrimental to society. The first objective is to introduce a preliminary conceptual order by means of definitions and typologies to support clearer (language analysis) and more critical (Critical Theory) thinking on organizational moral integrity: establishing definitions of moral and ethical integrity, new definitions of material and formal moral integrity, descriptions of irrational and rational moral integrit, and individual and organizational moral integrity. The definitions and typologies are designed to be prototypes of false integrity “detectors”. The second objective is to outline an ideal of a total and rational moral commitment for every organization: organizational material ethical integrity (OMEI). The ideal of OMEI points out that most self-proclaimed ethical organizations are probably not ethically committed. The third objective is to justify the theses that (1) moral integrity can be good or bad, not simply good, and that (2) false moral integrity can be good. Whether we think of “Kantian-Nazi” integrity of Adolf Eichmann or lethal and irrational integrity of Islamic State fighters, moral integrity based on bad morality is bad. False ethical integrity (or rational moral integrity) is always bad because it imitates good morality for a bad purpose, for example: rational discourse on integrity can be a “smokescreen” to hide exploitation of labor or environmental degradation. As in the case with Irena Sendler who pretended to be “a good slave” to save children’s lives, false moral integrity can be ethically good if it simulates bad morality for a good purpose. The paper offers ethical justifications for “ethical prestidigitators”, “warriors of illusions”, masters of “moral aikido”: persons and organizations that use counterfeit integrity to maximize ethical values.
Influence of nanostructure on titanium corrosion resistance in fluoridated medium
Authors: Sotniczuk Agata , Kuczyńska Donata , Kubacka Dorota , Królikowski Andrzej , Garbacz Halina 
Published: December 2017

Nanocrystalline titanium, mainly owing to its high corrosion resistance, mechanical strength to density ratio and biocompatibility, has a great application potential in dental implantology. However, fluoridated agents commonly used for oral hygiene could have a destructive influence on the titanium protective passive films and lead to the formation of local corrosion damages. In this work, the effect of nanostructuring on titanium corrosion resistance in the concentration of F− which is typical for toothpastes, was evaluated by different electrochemical and surface characterisation techniques. It was found that nanostructure influences beneficially on titanium corrosion resistance in fluoride solution. Furthermore, the lower increase in nanocrystalline titanium surface roughness in corrosion solutions indicates better stability of passive film formed on its surface. This paper is part of a thematic issue on Titanium.
Difference of modular functions and their CM value factorization
Authors: Yang Tonghai , Yin Hongbo 
Published: December 2017

In this paper, we use Borcherds lifting and the big CM value formula of Bruinier, Kudla, and Yang to give an explicit factorization formula for the norm of

Ψ
(

d
1

+

d
1

2

)
−
Ψ
(

d
2

+

d
2

2

)

\Psi (\frac {d_1+\sqrt {d_1}}2) -\Psi (\frac {d_2+\sqrt {d_2}}2)

, where

Ψ
\Psi

is the

j
j

-invariant or the Weber invariant

ω
2

\omega _2

. The

j
j

-invariant case gives another proof of the well-known Gross-Zagier factorization formula of singular moduli, while the Weber invariant case gives a proof of the Yui-Zagier conjecture for

ω
2

\omega _2

. The method used here could be extended to deal with other modular functions on a genus zero modular curve.
Analytic Philosophy: A Very Short introduction
Authors: Beaney Michael 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Analytic Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction introduces some of the key ideas of the founders of analytic philosophy—Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell, G. E. Moore, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and Susan Stebbing around the turn of the 20th century—by exploring certain fundamental philosophical questions and showing how those ideas can be used in offering answers. Considering the work of Susan Stebbing, it also explores the application of analytic philosophy to critical thinking, and emphasizes the conceptual creativity that lies at the heart of fruitful analysis. Throughout, this VSI illustrates why clarity of thinking, precision of expression, and rigour of argumentation are rightly seen as virtues of analytic philosophy.
How can we think more clearly?
Authors: Beaney Michael 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Analytic philosophy places great emphasis on clarity. But what does ‘clarity’ mean and how can we think more clearly? How does clarity connect with other virtues of analytic philosophy? ‘How can we think more clearly?’ introduces L. Susan Stebbing (1885–1943) who published the first textbook of analytic philosophy in 1930, doing more than anyone to promote the development of analytic philosophy in Britain. Stebbing’s work outlines different types of thinking—purposive, logical, and critical—discussing a range of ways we can be misled, from logical fallacies and potted thinking to analogies and ambiguity. In drawing our attention to them, Stebbing shows how we can think more clearly by avoiding them.
DaMiRseq—an R/Bioconductor package for data mining of RNA-Seq data: normalization, feature selection and classification
Authors: Chiesa Mattia , Colombo Gualtiero I , Piacentini Luca 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Summary
RNA-Seq is becoming the technique of choice for high-throughput transcriptome profiling, which, besides class comparison for differential expression, promises to be an effective and powerful tool for biomarker discovery. However, a systematic analysis of high-dimensional genomic data is a demanding task for such a purpose. DaMiRseq offers an organized, flexible and convenient framework to remove noise and bias, select the most informative features and perform accurate classification.

Availability and implementation
DaMiRseq is developed for the R environment (R ≥ 3.4) and is released under GPL (≥2) License. The package runs on Windows, Linux and Macintosh operating systems and is freely available to non-commercial users at the Bioconductor open-source, open-development software project repository (https://bioconductor.org/packages/DaMiRseq/). In compliance with Bioconductor standards, the authors ensure stable package maintenance through software and documentation updates.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Not ‘radical’, but not ‘kailyard’ either: The Paisley Community Development Project reconsidered
Authors: Crow Graham , Rawcliffe Sue , Harris Bernard 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAccounts of the Community Development Projects (CDPs) that ran as experimental interventions in twelve deprived UK localities in the 1970s concentrate on those projects identified as ‘radical’. Focusing on the often-neglected history of Paisley’s CDP, this article extends recent critical re-evaluations of how CDPs have been characterized. Ferguslie Park in Paisley was the most disadvantaged of the CDP areas on several criteria, and the only CDP to be based in an outer-urban area, as well as being distinct in further ways. This influenced how the CDP team devised its community development strategy, which is misunderstood when treated as embodying a parochial ‘kailyard’ mentality. Paisley’s CDP has continuing relevance to debates about area-based policy and public involvement in research as they are rehearsed in new contexts.