bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of radiodermatitis associated with cetuximab in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck
Authors: Villavicencio Michelle , Granados‐García Martin , Vilajosana Esther , Domínguez‐Cherit Judith 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe objective of this review is to report to the medical community the most recent knowledge on prevention and management of dermatitis with the use of cetuximab simultaneously with radiotherapy in the treatment of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. A review was conducted in PubMed of English language publications between 2010 and 2015. The search employed the terms ‘skin toxicity’, ‘radiodermatitis’, ‘cetuximab’, ‘radiotherapy’, and ‘head and neck cancer’. Data related to the classification and management of dermatitis, associated with cetuximab with concomitant radiotherapy (n = 22), were critically reviewed. We conclude that dermatitis associated with bioradiotherapy is a predictable, treatable, and reversible event that does not affect administration of therapy or its clinical outcome when treated appropriately.
Sobre La Controvertida Identificacion de Lepra Dimorfa Con Lepra “Borderline”
Authors: Jonquières Enrique D. L. 
Published: March 2017

ResumenEl autor es partidario del concepto ampliado de lepra dimorfa que, según Khanolkar y Cochrane y otros autores, incluye formas maculares. Cree que la lepra dimorfa evoluciona en tres etapas : una p rim e ra macular, alaque sigue una v ariedad subreaccional, p a ra finalmente alcanzar en un 50% de los casos una etap a reaccional. Identifica a esta última con la lepra borderline de Wade y Rodriguez. Por lo tanto el cuadro borderline ten d ría alcance más restringido que el de la lepra dimorfa ya que solo se trata de una “ reacción dimorfa .” El concepto de lepra dimorfa que sustenta elautor difiere un tan to de los de Wade y de Cochrane, pués opina que este grupo no proviene de los tipos polares como piensa el p rimero, ni es comienzo obligado de “toda lepra ” según la opinión del segundo. Cree que es una forma particular de lepra cuyos mecanismos inmunológicos están mal ajustados pero no totalmente ausentes. Aunque con la práctica puede diagnosticarse en sus primeros estadios, reconoce que solo puede afirma rse el diagnóstico por el quadro evolutivo; importante para el diagnóstico de dimorfo es el cuadro reaccional ( borderline) que en sus aspectos clínicos coincide con la “infiltración aguda ” de Tajiri y con la “seudoexacerbación tuberculoide de los lepromatosos en tra tam ie n to sulfónico” de Souza Lima y Rath de Souza. Fuera de este aspecto la reacción dimorfa difiere de la lepromatosa por carecer de eritem a nudoso.Los hallasgos bacteriológicos, inmunológicos e histopatológicos de la primera etap a de la lepra dimorfa configuran, según el concepto clásico, una lep ra lepromatosa. Empero durante los episodios reaccionales, que pueden se r múltiples y repetidos, se aproxima clínicamente a la lepra tu berculoide reaccional.
Streptosporangium Bovinum sp. Nov. from Cattle Hoofs
Authors: Batista A. Chaves , Shome S. K. , de Lima J. Americo 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe paper describes Streptosporangium bovinum Batista, Shome and Lima n. sp., a new species isolated from cattle hoofs in the State of Alagôas, in Brazil.Taxonomically, the new species differs from S. Album, S. viridialbum, S. amethystogenes and S. vulgaris by its cultural characteristics, with production of pigment in various media, and by its physiologic properties. Morphologically, it does not show any marked distinction from other species; it presents delicate mycelium, 0.6 to 1 µ in diameter, septate and hyaline, and forms yellowish‐cream, circular colonies with concentric zonation, granular to velvety surface, 1.2 to 3.0 cm. in diameter, within three weeks, in nutrient media. The mycelium shows fragmentation similar to that of Streptomyces, with terminal or lateral, globose sporangia 5 to 7 p in diameter, and sporangiospores of 1.2‐1.5 x 0.8‐1.0 µ.The microorganism was isolated from the hoofs and lesions in surrounding areas of three bulls which exhibited marked restriction of motion apparently caused by pain associated with the infection. The infected hoofs showed vertical cracks and some concentric brownish‐black patches. When material from the hoofs was placed in a humid chamber, yellow, circular colonies of Streptosporangium, 1 to 3 mm. in diameter, appeared.Inoculation of the pathogen on guinea pigs yielded negative results. Treatment of the infected animals with penicillin injections and local application of copper sulfate solution (3%) resulted in the cure of the animals.
Actividad Quimidterapica Sobre El Mycobacterium Leprae En Animales Con Dietas Prooxidantes
Authors: Bergel Meny 
Published: March 2017

ResumenSe describen métodos de valoración de actividad quimioterápica sobre el M. leprae en roedores (ratas y ratones) alimentados con dietas prooxidantes, de bajo contenido en vitamina E y alto en ácidos grasos no saturados. Con estos métodos, en experiencias preliminares, se pudo demostrar la actividad antimicobacteriana sobre el M. leprae de la diaminodifenilsulfona, del Ciba 1906, y del Ciba 6704. Estos métodos pueden ser empleados en ensayos quimioterápicos en serie.
Oxydase‐Positive Paramyeloblastoma in the So‐Called Lymphoma Syndrome in African Children
Authors: Hasselman C. M. 
Published: March 2017

Summary and ConclusionsThe relevant histopathology of the condition hitherto called lymphoma syndrome in African children displays in the vast majority of cases a very primitive, immature type of cell, with fine neutrophilic granules in the cytoplasm, sometimes with lobated nuclei, occasionally multinuclear larger cells, and sometimes with eosinophiles.
The first case of a typically oxydase‐positive paramyeloblastoma is presented and briefly described; it was seen in the ovarian metastases of such a tumor in a nine‐year‐old girl in Kampala, Uganda.
Apart from the very immature stem cells from either the reticuloendothelial or lymphoid group, the cell elements of such tumors may, in fact, be true myelocytes and myeloblasts, as proved by their oxydase‐positive staining characteristics and pertinent enzyme contents. These view findings combined with the obvious osseous tumor origin confirm that the term “lymphoma syndrome” is a misnomer, and that the entire concept of the complex pathogenesis shoidd be thoroughly reassessed.
Zein/tannic acid complex nanoparticles‐stabilised emulsion as a novel delivery system for controlled release of curcumin
Authors: Zou Yuan , Zhong Jingjing , Pan Runting , Wan Zhili , Guo Jian , Wang Jinmei , Yin Shouwei , Yang Xiaoquan 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe present work was aimed to evaluate the potential of the gel‐like Pickering emulsions (50%, v/v, oil) stabilised by zein/tannic acid (TA) complex colloidal particles (ZTPE) as a new encapsulation system of lipophilic ingredients. Compared with sodium caseinate‐stabilised emulsions (SCE) and bulk oil, the better protective effects of ZTPE on the chemical stability of curcumin were observed when they suffered from UV light, and the lipid oxidation rate remarkably reduced in ZTPE. Also, the zein particle layers loaded with TA around the oil droplets can provide protection against harsh gastric environment, facilitating to slow down the release of free fatty acids (FFA) and curcumin during in vitro simulated digestion. These findings show that ZTPE have a good potential to act as an efficient encapsulating agent to protect functional ingredients from degradation and control their release during digestion, which can further improve the bioavailability of bioactive ingredients.
New Directions For Foster Care Reform
Authors: Wald Michael S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSince the 1970s, legislatures and courts have adopted a variety of approaches to address foster care's overuse, instability, and lack of permanence. Most reforms focused on rules and procedures. It appears that there has been progress with respect to each of these issues, but the foster care system still has many deficiencies. It is unlikely that further changes in legal standards will significantly improve the system; the core issues relate to implementation of good practices. The foster care system now responds to three types of problems: protecting children from parental maltreatment; helping children who exhibit severe behavioral problems; and dealing with families experiencing high levels of parent‐child conflict. Services should be redesigned to reflect differences in the issues presented by the three populations.
Reconciling Conflicting Policy Objectives in Public Contracting: The Enabling Role of Capabilities
Authors: Cabral Sandro 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper analyses how capabilities can reconcile conflicting objectives in policy driven public contracting. Results obtained from a quasi‐experiment involving a policy intervention to favour small firms (SMEs) in Brazil show that public manager's contract‐management capabilities can promote cost savings, increased responsiveness (government‐level outcomes), and enhanced buyer‐supplier coordination when favoured firms are successful in public contracting. Execution capabilities of private suppliers positively influence firm‐level outcomes by attenuating the severity of sanctions against favoured firms due to deficient provision. The paper highlights the mechanisms for leveraging performance in public‐private interactions when conflicting goals are present despite inherent contract incompleteness and bureaucratic rigidity, thus adding to the current knowledge of strategic management in the context of public organizations.
Social Value Creation in Inter‐Organizational Collaborations in the Not‐for‐Profit Sector – Give and Take from a Dyadic Perspective
Authors: Weber Christiana , Weidner Kathrin , Kroeger Arne , Wallace James 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOrganizations in the not‐for‐profit (NFP) sector are increasingly collaborating with other organizations to mutually raise overall joint value created. However, literature on inter‐organizational collaborations in the NFP sector lacks a clear, empirically proven understanding about which factors drive such joint value creation and whether and how these factors and their effects differ for the two parties involved. Based on the relational view and an analysis of 121 partnership dyads, we identify that some factors governing the successful creation of joint value differ for the two partners while others are relevant to both parties. Those latter factors, in turn, differ in their effects on the respective outcome.
Melatonin protects against lipid‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes and inhibits stellate cell activation during hepatic fibrosis in mice
Authors: Das Nabanita , Mandala Ashok , Naaz Shamreen , Giri Suresh , Jain Mukul , Bandyopadhyay Debasish , Reiter Russel J. , Roy Sib Sankar 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLipid generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in consequence to mitochondrial fission followed by inflammation in propagating hepatic fibrosis. The interaction of SIRT1/Mitofusin2 is critical for maintaining mitochondrial integrity and functioning, which is disrupted upon excess lipid infiltration during the progression of steatohepatitis. The complex interplay between hepatic stellate cells and steatotic hepatocytes is critically regulated by extracellular factors including increased circulating free fatty acids during fibrogenesis. Melatonin, a potent antioxidant, protects against lipid‐mediated mitochondrial ROS generation. Lipotoxicity induces disruption of SIRT1 and Mitofusin2 interaction leading to mitochondrial morphological disintegration in hepatocytes. Further, fragmented mitochondria leads to mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and melatonin protects against all these lipotoxicity‐mediated dysfunctions. These impaired mitochondrial dynamics also enhances the cellular glycolytic flux and reduces mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate that potentiates ROS production. High glycolytic flux generates metabolically unfavorable milieu in hepatocytes leading to inflammation, which is abrogated by melatonin. The melatonin‐mediated protection against mitochondrial dysfunction was also observed in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed mice through restoration of enzymatic activities associated with respiratory chain and TCA cycle. Subsequently, melatonin reduces hepatic fat deposition and inflammation in HFD‐fed mice. Thus, melatonin disrupts the interaction between steatotic hepatocyte and stellate cells, leading to the activation of the latter to abrogate collagen deposition. Altogether, the results of the current study document that the pharmacological intervention with low dose of melatonin could abrogate lipotoxicity‐mediated hepatic stellate cell activation and prevent the fibrosis progression.
Haptic Search in Divided Areas: Optimizing the Number of Divisions
Authors: Kaga Hirotsugu , Kawaguchi Chihiro , Mishina Midori , Kita Shinichi , Watanabe Tetsuya 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe present study investigates the efficiency of haptic search facilitated by the division of the searchable area. Previous studies have shown that scales provided around tactile maps for blind persons can shorten the search time for tactile symbols on the maps, but the optimum number of divisions has not been found. We conducted an experiment in which maps with different numbers of divisions were presented to blindfolded participants. The search times for tactile targets on the maps were measured and a movie that recorded searching behavior was analyzed. Our results indicate that scales with 3 × 4 divisions minimize search time, and the movie analysis reveals that this optimization is determined by the time of both scale‐counting and target‐searching. This finding elucidates the manner of human haptic search and should be utilized for the optimization of automated tactile map creation.
Bilateral sacroiliac luxation fixation using a single transiliosacral pin: surgical technique and clinical outcomes in eight cats
Authors: Parslow A. , Simpson D. J. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesA very limited safe anatomical window for transiliosacral implant placement exists in cats (<0·5 cm2). Lag screw fixation requires multiple bilateral implants thus increasing the risk of iatrogenic trauma and implant interference. We describe a safe and effective method for bilateral sacroiliac fixation in cats using a single implant to minimise inadvertent iatrogenic damage to local structures and restore pelvic canal diameter.Materials and MethodsEight cats underwent surgical fixation for traumatic bilateral sacroiliac luxation using a single smooth intramedullary pin. The pin spanned both ilial wings and sacrum. Implants were applied using a Universal C‐guide. Pre‐ and postsurgery pelvic canal diameter ratios were calculated. Short‐term follow‐up was performed at 10 to 14 days postoperatively. Long‐term follow‐up was performed using the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index Questionnaire. Long‐term radiographic assessment was available in two cases.ResultsThe technique achieved safe and accurate implant position with precise sacroiliac joint reduction. Pelvic canal diameter ratios were restored to normal in all cases. Rapid return to normal hind leg function and excellent long‐term clinical outcomes were achieved.Clinical SignificanceThis technique offers a simple, safe, repeatable and affordable technique for treating bilateral sacroiliac luxations in the cat without the aid of fluoroscopy. The procedure can be performed using surgical tools and inventory readily available in general small animal practices.
Predicting children's fussiness with vegetables: The role of feeding practices
Authors: Holley Clare E. , Haycraft Emma , Farrow Claire 
Published: March 2017

AbstractVegetables are commonly rejected by children, making it is important to consider factors that are associated with children's fussiness with vegetables. The current study aimed to investigate whether fussiness with vegetables is associated with a number of factors including caregiver and child vegetable consumption; caregivers' general feeding practices; and caregivers' vegetable‐specific feeding practices. Caregivers (N = 297) of preschool children completed questionnaire measures of their child's fussiness with vegetables, as well as several caregiver and child factors hypothesised to be associated with children's fussiness with vegetables. Findings indicate that children who are fussier with vegetables consume a smaller quantity of vegetables and that almost all have caregivers who eat a smaller quantity of vegetables. Children's fussiness with vegetables was not significantly related to any general feeding practices used by caregivers. However, children's fussiness with vegetables was significantly associated with the use of several vegetable specific feeding practices. Caregivers of fussier children used more encouragement/pressure to eat with vegetables (r = 0.14, p = .01), hid vegetables within other foods more often (r = 0.30, p = <.01), used more food rewards for vegetable consumption (r = 0.19, p <.01), more other rewards for vegetable consumption (r = 0.21, p < .01), and compromised more when feeding vegetables (r = 0.14, p = .01). These findings suggest that rather than caregivers' general feeding practices being related to children's fussiness with vegetables, the specific feeding practices used when vegetables are rejected are more significant. It may therefore be helpful to develop advice for caregivers about which feeding practices to avoid when faced with a child who is fussy about eating vegetables.
Predictors and measurement of satisfaction with postpartum care in a government hospital
Authors: Zeyneloğlu Simge , Kısa Sezer , Özberk Hülya , Badem Aysun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this study, the predictors of satisfaction with postpartum care at a government hospital were evaluated. The descriptive research sample included 300 mothers in their postpartum period. Data were collected using a questionnaire and the Postpartum Nursing Care Evaluation Scale. The regression analysis undertaken showed that mothers who received prenatal care had a significantly higher evaluation score (compared to those who had not received prenatal care), as had mothers who had a caesarean delivery (compared to vaginal birth), as well as those who had received support from friends and relatives during their postpartum period (compared to those who did not receive such support). Our recommendation is that postpartum nursing care be improved for mothers who deliver vaginally, have not received prenatal care, were unintentionally pregnant, and have problems with breastfeeding. The results will help nurses who work with an international population of postpartum women to give professional, systematic, and patient‐centered care to postpartum mothers in order to increase patient satisfaction.
Professional Rescuers’ experiences of motivation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A qualitative study
Authors: Assarroudi Abdolghader , Heshmati Nabavi Fatemeh , Ebadi Abbas , Esmaily Habibollah 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRescuers' psychological competence, particularly their motivation, can improve the cardiopulmonary resuscitation outcomes. Data were collected using semistructured interviews with 24 cardiopulmonary resuscitation team members and analyzed through deductive content analysis based on Vroom's expectancy theory. Nine generic categories were developed: (i) estimation of the chance of survival; (ii) estimation of self‐efficacy; (iii) looking for a sign of effectiveness; (iv) supportive organizational structure; (v) revival; (vi) acquisition of external incentives; (vii) individual drives; (viii) commitment to personal values; and (ix) avoiding undesirable social outcomes. When professional rescuers were called to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation, they subjectively evaluated the patient's chance of survival, the likelihood of achieving of the desired outcome, and the ability to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation interventions. If their evaluations were positive, and the consequences of cardiopulmonary resuscitation were considered favorable, they were strongly motivated to perform it. Beyond the scientific aspects, the motivation to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation was influenced by intuitive, emotional, and spiritual aspects.
Identifying gene coexpression networks underlying the dynamic regulation of wood‐forming tissues in Populus under diverse environmental conditions
Authors: Zinkgraf Matthew , Liu Lijun , Groover Andrew , Filkov Vladimir 
Published: March 2017

Summary

Trees modify wood formation through integration of environmental and developmental signals in complex but poorly defined transcriptional networks, allowing trees to produce woody tissues appropriate to diverse environmental conditions.

In order to identify relationships among genes expressed during wood formation, we integrated data from new and publically available datasets in Populus. These datasets were generated from woody tissue and include transcriptome profiling, transcription factor binding, DNA accessibility and genome‐wide association mapping experiments. Coexpression modules were calculated, each of which contains genes showing similar expression patterns across experimental conditions, genotypes and treatments.

Conserved gene coexpression modules (four modules totaling 8398 genes) were identified that were highly preserved across diverse environmental conditions and genetic backgrounds. Functional annotations as well as correlations with specific experimental treatments associated individual conserved modules with distinct biological processes underlying wood formation, such as cell‐wall biosynthesis, meristem development and epigenetic pathways. Module genes were also enriched for DNase I hypersensitivity footprints and binding from four transcription factors associated with wood formation.

The conserved modules are excellent candidates for modeling core developmental pathways common to wood formation in diverse environments and genotypes, and serve as testbeds for hypothesis generation and testing for future studies.
DNA methylation pattern of apoptosis‐related genes in ameloblastoma
Authors: Costa SFS , Pereira NB , Pereira KMA , Campos K , de Castro WH , Diniz MG , Gomes CC , Gomez RS 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesDNA methylation is an important mechanism of gene control expression, and it has been poorly addressed in odontogenic tumours. On this basis, we aimed to assess the methylation pattern of 22 apoptosis‐related genes in solid ameloblastomas.Materials and MethodsAmeloblastoma fresh samples (n = 10) and dental follicles (n = 8) were included in the study. The percentage fraction of methylated and unmethylated DNA promoter of 22 apoptosis‐related genes was determined using enzymatic restriction digestion and quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) array. The relative expressions of the genes that showed the most discrepant methylation profile between tumours and controls were analysed by reverse‐transcription quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR).ResultsLower methylation percentages of TNFRSF25 (47.2%) and BCL2L11 (33.2%) were observed in ameloblastomas compared with dental follicles (79.3% and 59.5%, respectively). The RT‐qPCR analysis showed increased expression of BCL2L11 in ameloblastomas compared with dental follicles, in agreement with the methylation analysis results, while there was no difference between the expression levels of TNFRSF25 between both groups.ConclusionsOn the basis of our results, the transcription of the apoptosis‐related gene BCL2L11 is possibly regulated by promoter DNA methylation in ameloblastoma. The biological significance of this finding in ameloblastoma pathobiology remains to be clarified.