bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAM19A5, a brain-specific chemokine, inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast formation through formyl peptide receptor 2
Authors: Park Min Young , Kim Hyung Sik , Lee Mingyu , Park Byunghyun , Lee Ha Young , Cho Eun Bee , Seong Jae Young , Bae Yoe-Sik 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOsteoclasts can be differentiated from bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). They play a key role in bone resorption. Identifying novel molecules that can regulate osteoclastogenesis has been an important issue. In this study, we found that FAM19A5, a neurokine or brain-specific chemokine, strongly stimulated mouse BMDM, resulting in chemotactic migration and inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Expression levels of osteoclast-related genes such asRANK,TRAF6,OSCAR,TRAP,Blimp1,c-fos, andNFATc1were markedly decreased by FAM19A5. However, negative regulators of osteoclastogenesis such asMafBandIRF-8were upregulated by FAM19A5. FAM19A5 also downregulated expression levels of RANKL-induced fusogenic genes such asOC-STAMP,DC-STAMP, andAtp6v0d2. FAM19A5-induced inhibitory effect on osteoclastogenesis was significantly reversed by a formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2 antagonist WRW4 or by FPR2-deficiency, suggesting a crucial role of FPR2 in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis. Collectively, our results suggest that FAM19A5 and its target receptor FPR2 can act as novel endogenous ligand/receptor to negatively regulate osteoclastogenesis. They might be regarded as potential targets to control osteoclast formation and bone disorders.
Network-based analysis of diagnosis progression patterns using claims data
Authors: Jeong Eugene , Ko Kyungmin , Oh Seungbin , Han Hyun Wook 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn recent years, several network models have been introduced to elucidate the relationships between diseases. However, important risk factors that contribute to many human diseases, such as age, gender and prior diagnoses, have not been considered in most networks. Here, we construct a diagnosis progression network of human diseases using large-scale claims data and analyze the associations between diagnoses. Our network is a scale-free network, which means that a small number of diagnoses share a large number of links, while most diagnoses show limited associations. Moreover, we provide strong evidence that gender, age and disease class are major factors in determining the structure of the disease network. Practically, our network represents a methodology not only for identifying new connectivity that is not found in genome-based disease networks but also for estimating directionality, strength, and progression time to transition between diseases considering gender, age and incidence. Thus, our network provides a guide for investigators for future research and contributes to achieving precision medicine.
Generating Localized Plasmonic Fields on an Integrated Photonic Platform using Tapered Couplers for Biosensing Applications
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , Bi Renzhe , Dinish U. S. , Olivo Malini 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA theoretical design and analysis of a tapered-coupler structure on a silicon nitride integrated-photonic platform for coupling optical energy from a dielectric waveguide to a plasmonic tip is presented. The proposed design can be considered as a hybrid photonic-plasmonic structure that generally supports hybrid symmetric and asymmetric modes. Along the taper, one of the hybrid modes approaches the cut-off, while the other approaches the short-range surface plasmon mode that generates localized fields. Potential use of the proposed novel tapered-coupler plasmonic structure for highly sensitive biosensing applications using surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) techniques is discussed. For SERS, a theoretical electromagnetic enhancement factor as high as 1.23 × 106 is deduced for taper tip widths as small as 20 nm. The proposed tapered-coupler sets up interesting possibilities towards moving to an all-integrated on-chip SERS and MEF based bio-sensor platform - away from traditional free-space based illumination strategies.
Local Reasons to Give Globally: Identity Extension and Global Cooperation
Authors: Buchan Nancy R. , Jeong Sophia Soyoung , Ward A. K. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRecent political events across the world suggest a retrenchment from globalization and a possible increase in parochialism. This inward-looking threat from parochialism occurs just as the global community faces growing challenges that require trans-national cooperation. In this research, we question if strong identification with an in-group necessarily leads to parochialism and ultimately is detrimental to global cooperation. Building on research on global social identification, we explore whether strong local identification can expand in inclusiveness to global identification, and among whom this is likely to happen. The results of our global public goods study – conducted in South Korea and the United States – show that high levels of social identification with a local group can extend to the global collective, particularly for individuals who are also high in concern-for-others. Furthermore, this identification translates into behavior that benefits the global, anonymous group at a cost to oneself. These results shed light on how to avoid the trap of parochialism and instead engender cooperative behavior with the broader global community.
The Exact Curve Equation for Majorana Stars
Authors: Yao Fei , Li Dechao , Liu Haodi , Fu Libin , Wang Xiaoguang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMajorana stars are visual representation for a quantum pure state. For some states, the corresponding majorana stars are located on one curve on the Block sphere. However, it is lack of exact curve equations for them. To find the exact equations, we consider a superposition of two bosonic coherent states with an arbitrary relative phase. We analytically give the curve equation and find that the curve always goes through the North pole on the Block sphere. Furthermore, for the superpositions of SU(1,1) coherent states, we find the same curve equation.
Photosensitized INA-Labelled protein 1 (PhIL1) is novel component of the inner membrane complex and is required for Plasmodium parasite development
Authors: Saini Ekta , Zeeshan Mohammad , Brady Declan , Pandey Rajan , Kaiser Gesine , Koreny Ludek , Kumar Pradeep , Thakur Vandana , Tatiya Shreyansh , Katris Nicholas J. , Limenitakis Rebecca Stanway , Kaur Inderjeet , Green Judith L. , Bottrill Andrew R. , Guttery David S. , Waller Ross F. , Heussler Volker , Holder Anthony A. , Mohmmed Asif , Malhotra Pawan , Tewari Rita 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPlasmodium parasites, the causative agents of malaria, possess a distinctive membranous structure of flattened alveolar vesicles supported by a proteinaceous network, and referred to as the inner membrane complex (IMC). The IMC has a role in actomyosin-mediated motility and host cell invasion. Here, we examine the location, protein interactome and function of PhIL1, an IMC-associated protein on the motile and invasive stages of both human and rodent parasites. We show that PhIL1 is located in the IMC in all three invasive (merozoite, ookinete-, and sporozoite) stages of development, as well as in the male gametocyte and locates both at the apical and basal ends of ookinete and sporozoite stages. Proteins interacting with PhIL1 were identified, showing that PhIL1 was bound to only some proteins present in the glideosome motor complex (GAP50, GAPM1–3) of both P. falciparum and P. berghei. Analysis of PhIL1 function using gene targeting approaches indicated that the protein is required for both asexual and sexual stages of development. In conclusion, we show that PhIL1 is required for development of all zoite stages of Plasmodium and it is part of a novel protein complex with an overall composition overlapping with but different to that of the glideosome.
Overexpression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 21 is associated with motility, metastasis, and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Honda Hiroki , Takamura Masaaki , Yamagiwa Satoshi , Genda Takuya , Horigome Ryoko , Kimura Naruhiro , Setsu Toru , Tominaga Kentaro , Kamimura Hiroteru , Matsuda Yasunobu , Wakai Toshifumi , Aoyagi Yutaka , Terai Shuji 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCell motility plays an important role in intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and predicts poor prognosis in patients. The present study investigated the role of a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs) in HCC, since these proteins are known to be associated with cell motility. We confirmed the expression of 12 ADAMs with putative metalloproteinase activity in HCC cells, and established a KYN-2 HCC cell line stably expressing short interfering RNA against ADAM21 to investigate the effect of ADAM21 deficiency on HCC cell motility and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. We also examined ADAM21 expression in a cohort of 119 HCC patients by immunohistochemistry. ADAM21 was overexpressed in KYN-2 cells, and its knockdown reduced invasion, migration, proliferation, and metastasis relative to controls. In clinical specimens, ADAM21 positivity was associated with vascular invasion, large tumor size, high histological grade, and lower overall and recurrence-free survival as compared to cases that were negative for ADAM21 expression. A multivariate analysis revealed that ADAM21 positivity was an independent risk factor for overall (P = 0.003) and recurrence-free (P = 0.001) survival. These results suggest that ADAM21 plays a role in HCC metastasis and can serve as a prognostic marker for disease progression.
Magnetic Bragg dip and Bragg edge in neutron transmission spectra of typical spin superstructures
Authors: Mamiya Hiroaki , Oba Yojiro , Terada Noriki , Watanabe Norimichi , Hiroi Kosuke , Shinohara Takenao , Oikawa Kenichi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractNeutron diffractometry has been a critical tool for clarifying spin structures. In contrast, little attention has been paid to neutron transmission spectroscopy, even though they are different types of the same phenomenon. Soon, it will be possible to measure the wavelength dependence of transmissions easily using accelerator-driven neutron facilities. Therefore, we have started studying the potential of spectroscopy in magnetism, and in this paper, we report the first observation of a magnetic Bragg dip and Bragg edge in the neutron transmission spectra of a typical spin superstructure; clear antiferromagnetic Bragg dips and Bragg edges are found for a single crystal and powder of nickel oxide, respectively. The obtained results show that transmission spectroscopy is a promising tool for measurements under multi-extreme conditions and for the precise analyses of spin structures, not only in MW-class pulsed spallation source facilities but also in compact neutron source facilities.
Thermoelectric effects in graphene at high bias current and under microwave irradiation
Authors: Skoblin Grigory , Sun Jie , Yurgens August 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe use a split top gate to induce doping of opposite signs in different parts of a graphene field-effect transistor, thereby effectively forming a graphene thermocouple. The thermocouple is sensitive to the electronic temperature in graphene, which can be several hundred kelvin higher than the ambient one at sufficiently high bias current. Combined with the high thermoelectric power of graphene, this allows for i) simple measurements of the electronic temperature and ii) building thermoelectric radiation detectors. A simple prototype graphene thermoelectric detector shows a temperature-independent optical responsivity of around 400 V/W at 94 GHz at temperatures of 4–50 K.
Diagnostic performance of susceptibility-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of calcifications: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Adams Lisa C. , Bressem Keno , Böker Sarah Maria , Bender Yi-Na Yvonne , Nörenberg Dominik , Hamm Bernd , Makowski Marcus R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSince its introduction, susceptibility-weighted-magnetic resonance imaging (SW-MRI) has shown the potential to overcome the insensitivity of MRI to calcification. Previous studies reporting the diagnostic performance of SW-MRI and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of calcifications are inconsistent and based on single-institution designs. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis on SW-MRI, determining the potential of SW-MRI to detect calcifications. Two independent investigators searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science for eligible diagnostic accuracy studies, which were published until March 24, 2017 and investigated the accuracy of SW-MRI to detect calcifications, using computed tomography (CT) as a reference. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess study quality and methods for analysis were based on PRISMA. A bivariate diagnostic random-effects model was applied to obtain pooled sensitivities and specificities. Out of the 4629 studies retrieved by systematic literature search, 12 clinical studies with 962 patients and a total of 1,032 calcifications were included. Pooled sensitivity was 86.5% (95%-confidence interval (CI): 73.6–93.7%) for SW-MRI and 36.7% (95%–CI:29.2–44.8%) for standard MRI. Pooled specificities of SW-MRI (90.8%; 95%–CI:81.0–95.8%) and standard MRI (94.2; 95%–CI:88.9–96.7%) were comparable. Results of the present meta-analysis suggest, that SW-MRI is a reliable method for detecting calcifications in soft tissues.
The rises and falls of opsin genes in 59 ray-finned fish genomes and their implications for environmental adaptation
Authors: Lin Jinn-Jy , Wang Feng-Yu , Li Wen-Hsiung , Wang Tzi-Yuan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe studied the evolution of opsin genes in 59 ray-finned fish genomes. We identified the opsin genes and adjacent genes (syntenies) in each genome. Then we inferred the changes in gene copy number (N), syntenies, and tuning sites along each phylogenetic branch during evolution. The Exorh (rod opsin) gene has been retained in 56 genomes. Rh1, the intronless rod opsin gene, first emerged in ancestral Actinopterygii, and N increased to 2 by the teleost-specific whole genome duplication, but then decreased to 1 in the ancestor of Neoteleostei fishes. For cone opsin genes, the rhodopsin-like (Rh2) and long-wave-sensitive (LWS) genes showed great variation in N among species, ranging from 0 to 5 and from 0 to 4, respectively. The two short-wave-sensitive genes, SWS1 and SWS2, were lost in 23 and 6 species, respectively. The syntenies involving LWS, SWS2 and Rh2 underwent complex changes, while the evolution of the other opsin gene syntenies was much simpler. Evolutionary adaptation in tuning sites under different living environments was discussed. Our study provides a detailed view of opsin gene gains and losses, synteny changes and tuning site changes during ray-finned fish evolution.
TALEN-mediated shift of mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy in MELAS-iPSCs with m.13513G>A mutation
Authors: Yahata Naoki , Matsumoto Yuji , Omi Minoru , Yamamoto Naoki , Hata Ryuji 
Published: November 2017

AbstractInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are suitable for studying mitochondrial diseases caused by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. Here, we generated iPSCs from a patient with mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) with the m.13513G>A mutation. The patient’s dermal fibroblasts were reprogrammed, and we established two iPSC clones with and without mutant mtDNA. Furthermore, we tried to decrease mutant mtDNA level in iPSCs using transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). We originally engineered platinum TALENs, which were transported into mitochondria, recognized the mtDNA sequence including the m.13513 position, and preferentially cleaved G13513A mutant mtDNA (G13513A-mpTALEN). The m.13513G>A heteroplasmy level in MELAS-iPSCs was decreased in the short term by transduction of G13513A-mpTALEN. Our data demonstrate that this mtDNA-targeted nuclease would be a powerful tool for changing the heteroplasmy level in heteroplasmic iPSCs, which could contribute to elucidation of the pathological mechanisms of mitochondrial diseases caused by mtDNA mutations.
Patients’ comorbidities reduce the clinical value of emergency colonoscopy: results of a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Cremone Cristiano , Esch Anouk , Gagniere Charlotte , Fugazza Alessandro , Mesli Faria , Levy Michael , Amiot Aurelien , Laurent Alexis , LeBaleur Yann , Hemery Francois , De’Angelis Nicolas , Brunetti Francesco , Sobhani Iradj 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Urgent endoscopy is often used to diagnose and sometimes treat acute upper gastrointestinal syndromes (hemorrhage, toxic ingestion, and occlusion). However, its suitability concerning the management of lower gastrointestinal conditions in emergency circumstances is controversial.
Patients and methods We studied the role of emergency colonoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of all consecutive patients presenting with acute lower gastrointestinal symptoms referred to our hospital on an emergency basis. All patients were first managed by physicians from the emergency room and/or the intensive care unit (ICU); the treatments included fluid resuscitation, blood transfusion, and antibiotic or cardiotonic as needed. Bowel cleansing was performed to purge the colon of clots, stool, and blood when clinically possible; alternatively, a bowel enema was used. Patients only underwent a computed tomography (CT) scan prior to the colonoscopy in clinically relevant situations. Colonoscopy was performed within 6 – 36 hours after hospitalization or the beginning of the clinical symptoms (hemorrhage, sepsis, colon distension) or occlusion, as assessed by abdominal CT scan.
Results From 2010 to 2015, 603 patients underwent urgent colonoscopy; among them, 214 (36 %) presented with lower GI bleeding, while 264 (44 %) had symptoms suggestive of intestinal ischemia; almost half (49 %, n = 295) of the patients were hospitalized in the ICU. Patients received therapies, such as clips (15 %), epinephrine injections (5 %), bipolar coagulation (7 %), or devolvulation (3 %) using colonoscopy or antibiotic therapy when needed. No perforation was observed after colonoscopy and only three cases of hemorrhage recurrence were documented as complications after the procedure. Overall, 192 patients died within 1 month after colonoscopy due to four independent risk situations, as follows: septic shock, heart transplantation, multiorgan failure, and ischemic colitis. Only 67 (35 %) underwent urgent intestinal surgery when ischemic colitis was identified, and this did not have a significant effect on the mortality rate.
Conclusions Urgent bedside colonoscopy is feasible and safe for routine use. The highest advantage was observed in patients with red blood hemorrhage, diarrhea, and colon distension when symptoms were not associated with multiorgane failure, heart transplantation, or septic shock. As revealed by colonoscopy and pathological features, ischemic colitis is associated with a bad prognosis, and patients experience a higher rate of early mortality regardless of whether they undergo urgent colon surgery.
Der Einsatz eines Mikrosensors in der Amblyopietherapie
Authors: Januschowski Kai , Rickmann Annekatrin , Emmerich Caroline , Abaza Annegret , Bechtold Till Edward , Schott Timm Cornelius , Schramm Charlotte 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungAmblyopie stellt eine der häufigsten kindlichen Sehstörungen dar. Die aktuelle Standardtherapie der Amblyopie besteht in der Abdeckung (Okklusion) des besseren Auges durch ein Pflaster, um das schlechtere Auge zu fördern und eine kortikale Suppression des schwächeren Auges zu verhindern. Entscheidend für den Therapieerfolg ist dabei die Compliance. Es gibt inzwischen einen nur 8 × 12 mm kleinen Tragezeitmesser (TheraMon-Chip, MC Technology GmbH). Dieser Sensor ermöglicht eine einfache objektive Dokumentation der Compliance sowohl an Pflastern als auch an Brillen. Die Sensoren messen in vorgegebenen Zeitabständen die Umgebungstemperatur. Durch die spezifische Temperatur kann auf die Tragezeit rückgeschlossen werden und damit die Therapieüberwachung objektiv ermöglicht werden. Daher könnte ein neuer studienorientierter Ansatz mit dem TheraMon-Sensor zur Überwachung der Compliance und folglich eventuellen Optimierungen von definierten Trageprotokollen in der Amblyopietherapie zielführend sein.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage for acute cholecystitis with a silicone-covered nitinol short bilaterally flared stent: a case series
Authors: Manta Raffaele , Zulli Claudio , Zullo Angelo , Forti Edoardo , Tringali Alberto , Dioscoridi Lorenzo , Zito Francesco , Bertani Helga , Conigliaro Rita , Mutignani Massimiliano 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Background and study aim Gallbladder drainage in patients with cholecystitis who are unsuitable for surgery may be performed by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided placement of specifically designed fully covered metal stents. We describe the first case series of patients treated with a silicone-covered nitinol stent with bilateral anchor flanges.
Patients and methods Data from consecutive patients with acute cholecystitis who were deemed unsuitable candidates for surgery were collected. The stent placement procedure was performed in two tertiary endoscopy centers by four experienced endoscopists. Technical and clinical success rates, as well as adverse events and clinical outcome at follow-up, were assessed.
Results EUS-guided drainage for cholecystitis was performed in 16 patients (mean age 84 years; nine males). Technical and clinical success rates were 100 % (16/16) and 94 % (15/16), respectively; an early failure due to stone impaction occurred in the remaining case and required placement of a new stent. Symptom relief occurred in 11/15 cases (73 %) within 1 day, and within 2 days in the remaining 4 patients. Bleeding occurred in two patients (13 %): in one patient intraprocedural bleeding was successfully stopped during endoscopy; and delayed bleeding occurred in one patient requiring arterial embolization for catastrophic bleeding (patient died 10 days later). No cases of cholecystitis recurrence or biliary obstruction were observed during a median follow-up of 112 days (range 49 – 180 days).
Conclusions Our data showed that EUS-guided gallbladder drainage with a specially designed stent is feasible and successful in patients with acute cholecystitis who are unfit for surgery.