bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soccer and Vocational Training are Ineffective Delivery Strategies to Prevent HIV and Substance Abuse by Young, South African Men: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rotheram-Borus Mary Jane , Tomlinson Mark , Stewart Jackie , Skiti Zwelibanzi , Rabie Stephan , Wang Jason , Almirol Ellen , Vogel Lodewyk , Christodoulou Joan , Weiss Robert E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHIV and substance abuse are common among young men, associated with a cluster of risk behaviors. Yet, most services addressing these challenges are delivered in setting underutilized by men and are often inconsistent with male identity. This cluster randomized controlled trial aimed to reduce multiple risk behaviors found among young men township areas on the outskirts of Cape Town, South Africa. Young men aged 18–29 years (N = 1193) across 27 neighborhoods were randomized by area to receive HIV-related skills training during either: (1) a 12-month soccer league (SL) intervention; (2) 6-month SL followed by 6 months of vocational training (VT) intervention (SL/VT, n = 9); or 3) a control condition (CC). Bayesian longitudinal mixture models were used to evaluate behaviors over time. Because we targeted multiple outcomes as our primary outcome, we analyzed if the number of significantly different outcomes between conditions exceeded chance for 13 measures over 18 months (with 83%, 76%, and 61% follow-up). Only if there were three significant benefits favoring the SL/VT over the SL would benefits be significant. Outcome measures included substance use, HIV-testing, protective sexual behaviors, violence, community engagement and mental health. Consistent participation in the SL was typically around 45% over time across conditions, however, only 17% of men completed SL/VT. There were no significant differences between conditions over time based on the number of study outcomes. These structural interventions were ineffective in addressing young men’s substance abuse and risk for HIV.Clinical Trial Registration: This trial was prospectively registered on 24 November 2014 with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02358226).
A comprehensive review of tubule formation in histopathology images: advancement in tubule and tumor detection techniques
Authors: Siet Joseph Jiun Wen , Tan Xiao Jian , Cheor Wai Loon , Ab Rahman Khairul Shakir , Cheng Ee Meng , Wan Muhamad Wan Zuki Azman , Yip Sook Yee 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBreast cancer, the earliest documented cancer in history, stands as a foremost cause of mortality, accounting for 684,996 deaths globally in 2020 (15.5% of all female cancer cases). Irrespective of socioeconomic factors, geographic locations, race, or ethnicity, breast cancer ranks as the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women. The standard grading for breast cancer utilizes the Nottingham Histopathology Grading (NHG) system, which considers three crucial features: mitotic counts, nuclear pleomorphism, and tubule formation. Comprehensive reviews on features, for example, mitotic count and nuclear pleomorphism have been available thus far. Nevertheless, a thorough investigation specifically focusing on tubule formation aligned with the NHG system is currently lacking. Motivated by this gap, the present study aims to unravel tubule formation in histopathology images via a comprehensive review of detection approaches involving tubule and tumor features. Without temporal constraints, a structured methodology is established in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, resulting in 12 articles for tubule detection and 67 included articles for tumor detection. Despite the primary focus on breast cancer, the structured search string extends beyond this domain to encompass any cancer type utilizing histopathology images as input, focusing on tubule and tumor detection. This broadened scope is essential. Insights from approaches in tubule and tumor detection for various cancers can be assimilated, integrated, and contributed to an enhanced understanding of tubule formation in breast histopathology images. This study compiles evidence-based analyses into a cohesive document, offering comprehensive information to a diverse audience, including newcomers, experienced researchers, and stakeholders interested in the subject matter.
Green industrial policy for climate action in the basic materials industry
Authors: Löfgren Åsa , Ahlvik Lassi , van den Bijgaart Inge , Coria Jessica , Jaraitė Jūratė , Johnsson Filip , Rootzén Johan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHistorically, the basic materials industry has had relatively low R&D expenditure levels, raising concerns about meeting 2050 climate targets given the crucial need for innovation and technology advancement in this industry. Decisive government intervention and active support for key technological pathways are required to address significant market failures and catalyse industrial decarbonisation. This Essay lays out the economic justification for an active green industrial policy and proposes key policy design principles, with the aim of striking a balance between facilitating the green industrial transition and maintaining cost efficiency in meeting climate targets.
Searching for Teachable Moments at the Intersection of Youth Violence, Criminal Justice and Public Health
Authors: McDaniel John L. M. , Wilson Sophie , Bilbrough André 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTeachable moment methodologies are becoming increasingly popular at the nexus of youth violence, criminal justice and public health in England and Wales. Partnerships involving the Home Office, Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs), public health specialists and criminal justice charities have funded interventions classed as or closely associated with ‘teachable moments’, including in hospital A&Es and police stations. Yet, there appears to be no substantial scientific evidence to prove reproducibility or the consistent effects of different methodological approaches on reducing rates of violence. There are good reasons to doubt claims that teachable moments can be fully realised and exploited through one-shot ‘right message - right messenger - right time’ interventions. This article encourages more fulsome academic debate of teachable moments at the nexus of youth violence, criminal justice and public health, and the associated coalescence of policy, funding and beliefs.
Experiences of living within PFAS-polluted environs: a systematic review
Authors: Onencan Abby Muricho , Bisschop Lieselot , Hendlin Yogi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article examines victimization caused by corporate environmental crime related to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pollution. The system-atic qualitative literature review and thematic synthesis of 27 studies from the USA, Australia, Italy, Sweden, and the United Kingdom aimed to identify critical areas of concern by analyzing the experiences of fence line commu-nities and workers exposed to PFAS. The analysis revealed five stages of the PFAS adaptation process: pre-discovery, discovery, lifestyle change, change in social networks, and restitution. In each of these five phases, unique lived experiences faced by those exposed to corporate environmental harm are highlighted, and physical, psychological, emotional, and socio-economic consequences are discussed. Based on the findings, a conceptual framework of corporate harm adaptation consisting of the five phases was developed to enhance understanding of the complexities and broader impacts of PFAS pollution on those exposed to it. This review highlights the importance of recognizing and addressing the multifaceted harms of PFAS pollution and emphasizes the need to expand the knowledge base on corporate crime through an improved understanding of the victim experiences and conse-quences of PFAS pollution. This study serves as a reminder of the need to consider the multifaceted experiences of affected fence line communities and workers in addressing corporate environmental crimes.
Inclusive online learning in Australia: Barriers and enablers
Authors: Marsden Linda , Munn Luke , Magee Liam , Ferrinda Matthew , St. Pierre Justin , Third Amanda 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile the pandemic highlighted the critical role technology plays in children’s lives, not all Australian children have reliable access to technology. This situation exacerbates educational disadvantage for children who are already amongst the nation’s most vulnerable. In this research, we carried out a project with three schools in Western Australia, conducting workshops, interviews and surveys with students, parents, and school staff from which we identified key barriers and enablers for digitally inclusive online learning at individual, interpersonal, organizational, and infrastructural levels. Our findings showed that language, credit rating, housing security, quality and affordability of infrastructural provisioning and teacher and family digital literacy all could act as barriers. Alongside provision of connectivity and devices, we successfully piloted a school-based Digital Inclusion Studio workshop to address aspects of this wider socio-ecology of digital inclusion. We conclude with recommendations for cultivating digital inclusion for learning at various levels: in the home, classroom and at the point of digital service provision and regulation.
Temporal analysis of water chemistry and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) health at two sites with divergent land use in the Susquehanna River watershed, Pennsylvania, USA
Authors: Walsh Heather L. , Smith Geoffrey D. , Schall Megan K. , Gordon Stephanie E. , Blazer Vicki S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMonitoring wild fish health and exposure effects in impacted rivers and streams with differing land use has become a valuable research tool. Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) are a sensitive, indicator species that exhibit signs of immunosuppression and endocrine disruption in response to water quality changes and contaminant exposure. To determine the impact of agriculture and development on smallmouth bass health, two sites (a developed/agriculture site and a forested site) in the Susquehanna River watershed, Pennsylvania were selected where bass and water chemistry were sampled from 2015 to 2019. Smallmouth bass were sampled for histopathology to assess parasite and macrophage aggregate density in the liver and spleen, condition factor (Ktl), hepatic gene transcript abundance, hepatosomatic index (HSI), and a health assessment index (HAI). Land use at the developed/agriculture site included greater pesticide application rates and phytoestrogen crop cover and more detections and higher concentrations of pesticides, wastewater-associated contaminants, hormones, phytoestrogens, and mycotoxins than at the forested site. Additionally, at the developed/agriculture site, indicators of molecular changes, including oxidative stress, immune/inflammation, and lipid metabolism-related hepatic gene transcripts, were associated with more contaminants and land use variables. At both sites, there were multiple associations of contaminants with liver and/or spleen macrophage aggregate density, indicating that changes at the molecular level seemed to be a better indicator of exposures unique to each site. The findings illustrate the importance of timing for land management practices, the complex mixtures aquatic animals are exposed to, and the temporal changes in contaminant concentration. Agricultural practices that affect hepatic gene transcripts associated with immune function and disease resistance were demonstrated which could negatively affect smallmouth bass populations.
Saproxylic beetles in Swedish boreal production forests in relation to local and landscape factors
Authors: Gustafsson Lena , Andersson Jon , Jonsson Mattias , Jönsson Mari , Löfroth Therese , Strengbom Joachim , Weslien Jan-Olov , Johansson Victor 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBoreal forests undergo rapid transformation from more or less intact states to even-aged production stands, due to the expanding clearcutting practice. Deepened knowledge on how species diversity and composition vary with local resource availability, such as dead wood, as well with remaining never clearcut forest (having long continuity = ‘continuity forest’) in the surrounding landscape, is essential for the formulation of conservation strategies. In each of six 15 × 15 km study areas in mid-boreal Sweden (12 000 km2) we sampled saproxylic beetles through sieving of bark from Picea abies logs in early stages of decay with bark still attached, within 5 production forests and 5 woodland key habitats (biodiversity hotspots, used as reference; ‘WKH’). A total number of 5147 individuals and 78 taxa were found. Beetle diversity related positively to the local factor of sieved bark area, while the share of continuity forest in the surroundings (5 km buffer; varying 5 − 29% among study stands) was less important, and even showed negative relationships. Species richness was higher in > 60 years old than 0–60 years old production forests but we did not detect a change with age in species composition. The production forests > 60 years old and WKH were similar regarding species richness and composition. WKH had more species of conservation concern than the production forests.
Here’s Looking at You: Does Eye Contact in Video Interviews Affect How Applicants are Perceived and Evaluated?
Authors: Basch Johannes M. , Melchers Klaus G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSynchronous as well as asynchronous video interviews have become increasingly common as a supplement to or replacement for face-to-face interviews for selection purposes. Recent research suggests that impairments of eye contact in video interviews might contribute to lower interview performance ratings in these interviews because establishing eye contact in them is only possible by looking into the camera, which, however, impedes the perception of the conversation partner’s emotions and reactions. Therefore, we experimentally tested the effect of eye contact in two studies using asynchronous video interviews. Results showed that a vertical deviation of eye contact led neither to lower interview performance ratings nor to more negative perceptions of applicants’ warmth and competence whereas a horizontal deviation of eye contact negatively affected perceptions of the hirability of applicants. Furthermore, deviations in eye contact led to lower perceived social presence which turned out to be a mediator for lower performance ratings. Taken together, results show that restrictions in eye contact are no immediate driving factors for lower interview performance ratings but that communication quality might still suffer from decreased social presence which can ultimately lead to negative outcomes for interviewees.
Quaternion-Aware Low-Rank Prior for Blind Color Image Deblurring
Authors: Zhang Hao , Qi Te , Zeng Tieyong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBlind image deblurring is a critical and challenging task in the field of imaging science due to its severe ill-posedness. Appropriate prior information and regularizations are normally introduced to alleviate this problem. Inspired by the fact that the matrix representing a natural image is intrinsically low-rank or approximately low-rank, we employ the low-rank matrix approximation (LRMA) approach for tackling blind image deblurring problems with unknown kernels. When applied to color image restoration tasks, making use of the quaternion representation in the hypercomplex domain enables us to better illustrate the inner relationships among color channels and thus more accurately characterize color image structure. Following this idea, we develop a novel model for color image blind deblurring by implementing the quaternion representation to the LRMA method. This proposed model facilitates better results for blur kernel estimation through preserving the sharper color intermediate latent image, which is first implemented for addressing the blind color image deblurring problem. Extensive numerical experiments demonstrate that our proposed quaternion-aware low-rank prior model greatly improves the performance when compared with the conventional low-rank based scheme and outperforms some of the state-of-the-art methods in terms of some criteria and visual quality.
Free convective heat transfer flow in a glass bead porous medium varying permeability and sinusoidal wall temperature
Authors: Rahman Mohammad M. , Saghir M. Ziad , Vajravelu Kuppalapalle , Pop Ioan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study examines the effects of varying permeability and sinusoidal wall temperature fluctuations on the temporal heat transfer flow driven by natural convection inside a rectangular enclosure filled with a glass bead porous medium under local thermal nonequilibrium conditions for both the working fluid and the porous medium. The fluid’s thermal conductivity is assumed to be variable, and a Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer model is used to describe the fluid flow. The Galerkin-type finite element method simulates the constitutive equations governing the flow and heat transfer. The simulation explores the influence of different model parameters on the flow and thermal fields. The results indicate that at a steady state (

$$\tau = 1.0$$

τ
=
1.0

), when glass bead diameter Dp increased from 0.01 to 1.0, the values of

$$\overline{{{\text{Nu}}_{{\text{f}}} }}$$

Nu
f

¯

and

$$\overline{{{\text{Nu}}_{{\text{s}}} }}$$

Nu
s

¯

decreased by 48.8% and 26%, respectively. Besides, the value of the Nusselt number for the fluid increased by 280.61%, whereas the Nusselt number for the solid increased by 266.55% with the increase of the wave frequency n from 1 to 4. Furthermore, these physical quantities increased by 629.71% and 91.405% when the wave amplitude B rose from 0.1 to 1.
Climate Refugees and the Limits of Reparative Obligations to Offer Asylum
Authors: Benli Ali Emre 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA growing number of authors argue that states which are responsible for global temperature rise owe reparative obligations to offer asylum to climate refugees because their decisions have led to the severe harms which climate refugees suffer. The validity and significance of reparative obligations as ideal moral requirements notwithstanding, this paper argues that, in practice, relying on causal responsibility to determine who is owed asylum is likely to produce morally objectionable outcomes. This problem results from a specific attribution problem, namely, the probabilistic reasoning and inherent uncertainties involved in establishing causal responsibility within the complex causal scenario of climate-related refugee movements. Because of this attribution problem, determining who is owed asylum is likely to be both under- and over-inclusive. Both under- and over-inclusion lead to unjustified deprivations of basic rights for some climate refugees.
A cluster of results on amplituhedron tiles
Authors: Even-Zohar Chaim , Lakrec Tsviqa , Parisi Matteo , Sherman-Bennett Melissa , Tessler Ran , Williams Lauren 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe amplituhedron is a mathematical object which was introduced to provide a geometric origin of scattering amplitudes in $$\mathcal {N}=4$$

N
=
4

super Yang–Mills theory. It generalizes cyclic polytopes and the positive Grassmannian and has a very rich combinatorics with connections to cluster algebras. In this article, we provide a series of results about tiles and tilings of the $$m=4$$

m
=
4

amplituhedron. Firstly, we provide a full characterization of facets of BCFW tiles in terms of cluster variables for $$\text{ Gr}_{4,n}$$

Gr

4
,
n

. Secondly, we exhibit a tiling of the $$m=4$$

m
=
4

amplituhedron which involves a tile which does not come from the BCFW recurrence—the spurion tile, which also satisfies all cluster properties. Finally, strengthening the connection with cluster algebras, we show that each standard BCFW tile is the positive part of a cluster variety, which allows us to compute the canonical form of each such tile explicitly in terms of cluster variables for $$\text{ Gr}_{4,n}$$

Gr

4
,
n

. This paper is a companion to our previous paper “Cluster algebras and tilings for the $$m=4$$

m
=
4

amplituhedron.”
Information diffusion in referral networks: an empirical investigation of the crypto asset landscape
Authors: Vasudevan Srinidhi , Piazza Anna , Ghinoi Stefano 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the last decades, crypto assets have become particularly popular in financial markets. However, public awareness of the crypto asset landscape is rather limited, and usually associated with sensationalized media coverage of a handful of cryptocurrencies. Moreover, while users of crypto assets primarily collect information on Internet, there is a limited understanding of the relational (online) structures supporting the diffusion of information about these financial products. Therefore, the aim of this study is to uncover the structure of online information referral networks dedicated to crypto assets. By adopting a multi-method approach consisting of web scraping, web analytics, and social network analysis, we use data from the top 200 crypto assets by market capitalization to identify pivotal websites and the overall connectedness of the information referral networks. Our results show that social media and news channel sites play a key role in the information diffusion process, while market and trading sites signal innovation adoption. Overall, cryptocurrencies’ websites do not seem key in the referral network, as opposed to social media websites which, however, cannot be considered mature hubs because of their low connectivity.
Agency Penalties From Taking Parental Leave for Women in Men-Dominated Occupations: Archival and Experimental Evidence
Authors: Hideg Ivona , Krstić Anja , Trau Raymond Nam Cam , Zhan Yujie , Zarina Tanya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOrganizations have started more progressively using and offering family benefits including parental leaves to address the issues of balancing work and family life. Although such leaves are fundamental for supporting, attracting, and retaining women, we examine whether such leaves may also inadvertently affect women’s careers in occupations that overly value masculine traits, unless managed carefully. Drawing on the literature on gender stereotypes (micro factors) and occupation gender type (macro factors), we argue that longer (vs. shorter) parental leaves negatively affect women’s work outcomes (i.e., annual income, salary recommendation, hireability, and leadership effectiveness) in men-dominated but not in women-dominated occupations because it lowers perceptions of women’s agency. We find support for our hypotheses across three studies in the Australian context with an archival data set and two experiments. Our work shows that men-dominated organizational structures reinforce traditional gender stereotypes, whereas such reinforcement does not happen in women-dominated organizational structures. Our research equips leaders and organizations with insights into the unintended negative consequences of parental leave for women. This understanding serves as a crucial first step in developing strategies and programs to mitigate these effects, thereby supporting women in men-dominated occupations and fostering more inclusive and healthy workplaces.