bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FoundationOne as a relevant tool for comprehensive genomic profiling and assessment of tumor mutation burden in the era of precision oncology in India.
Authors: Verma Amit , Rohatgi Nitesh , Julka Pramod Kumar , Walia Meenu , Bahl Ankur , Arora Ramandeep Singh , Chaturvedi Harit , Anand Anil Kumar , Rao Ranga , Gay Laurie M. , Kaur Jatinder 
Published: July 2017

e23096 Background: Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) is gaining acceptability globally, but clinical experience in developing countries like India is limited. CGP identifies genomic alterations (GA), with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and microsatellite status (MSI), revealing therapeutic options such as targeted inhibitors and immunotherapies. We sought to evaluate the mutation frequency and actionability across tumors. Methods: Metastatic and/or refractory patients (referred to Personalized Cancer Medicine Clinic) underwent CGP analysis, including calculation of TMB and MSI, using a targeted NGS panel (FoundationOne, 53 samples; FoundationOne Heme, 4 samples). This panel detects all relevant classes of GA: base substitutions, small indels, rearrangements and copy number changes. Mutation frequencies were compared with the larger Foundation database. TMB status was reported as low (≤5 mutations/Mb), intermediate (6-19 mut/Mb) or high (≥20 mut/Mb). Results: The most common tumor types were lung (23%), breast (14%) and sarcoma (12%); other tumor types, including unknown primary constituted the rest (51%). Most samples were from metastatic sites (60%). Oncogenic GA were found in 131 genes across all tumor subtypes and affected major pathways: apoptosis/cell cycle (31%), PI3K (14%), transcriptional regulation (13%), and receptor tyrosine kinases (10%). Among these GA, 38 were considered actionable and were distributed across 43 (75%) samples. Therapies with FDA approval for the tumor type analyzed were indicated for 18 samples; an additional 25 samples had GA associated with therapies FDA approved for another indication. More than 1 actionable GA was identified in 24/43 (56%). TMB status was low in 36 (63%), intermediate in 19 (33%) and high in 2 (3.5%). High TMB status correlated with high MSI status (p < 0.001). Trend observed in the mutation frequency was comparable with the larger Foundation database. Conclusions: This is the first study in India showing CGP identified actionable targets associated with FDA approved therapies in approx. 32% of cases. TMB status identified 2/57 samples with high mutation burden for whom immunotherapy might be relevant.
Persistent Severe Hyperlactatemia and Metabolic Derangement in Lethal SDHB-Mutated Metastatic Kidney Cancer: Clinical Challenges and Examples of Extreme Warburg Effect
Authors: Lee Chung-Han , Gundem Gunes , Lee William , Chen Ying-Bei , Cross Justin R. , Dong Yiyu , Redzematovic Almedina , Mano Roy , Wei Elizabeth Y. , Cheng Emily H. , Srinivasan Ramaprasad , Oschwald Dayna , Hakimi A. Ari , Dunphy Mark P. , Linehan W. Marston , Papaemmanuil Elli , Hsieh James J. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose To describe the unique clinical features, determine the genomics, and investigate the metabolic derangement of an extremely rare form of a hereditary lethal kidney cancer syndrome. Patients and Methods Three patients with lethal kidney cancer (age 19, 20, and 37 years) exhibiting persistent (1 to 3 months) extremely high levels of blood lactate (> 5 mM) despite normal oxygen perfusion, highly avid tumors on [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET), and pleomorphic histopathologic features were identified and treated in a single institute. Integrated studies including whole-genome sequencing (WGS), targeted sequencing, immunohistochemistry, cell-based assays, and 18F-glutamine PET imaging were performed to investigate this rare kidney cancer syndrome. Results All three patients with kidney cancer were initially given various diagnoses as a result of diverse tumor histopathology and atypical clinical presentations. The correct diagnoses of these SDHB-mutated renal cell carcinomas were first made based on cancer genomics. Genomic studies of the blood and tumors of these patients identified three different kinds of germline loss-of-function mutations in the SDHB gene and the common loss of heterozygosity in the remaining SDHB allele thorough somatic chromosome 1p deletion. In one patient, WGS revealed that a germline mutation of SDHB coupled with loss of heterozygosity was the sole genetic event. Cancer evolution analysis of SDHB tumors based on WGS demonstrated that SDHB in kidney epithelium fulfills the Knudson two-hit criteria as a major tumor suppressor gene. SDHB−/− tumor cells displayed increase in glucose uptake and lactate production, alteration in mitochondrial architecture, and defect in oxidative respiration. 18F-Glutamine PET imaging studies demonstrated increased glutamine metabolism. Conclusion SDHB-deficient metastatic renal cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive form of kidney cancer that manifests with clinical evidence of a severe Warburg effect, and genomic studies demonstrated two genetic hits at SDHB genes during kidney tumorigenesis.
Ringer’s Lactate Versus Normal Saline in Urgent Cesarean Delivery in a Resource-Limited Setting: A Pragmatic Clinical Trial
Authors: Ayebale Emmanuel Timarwa , Kwizera Arthur , Mijumbi Cephas , Kizito Samuel , Roche Anthony Michael 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:
Crystalloids are used routinely for perioperative fluid management in cesarean delivery. Few studies have determined the crystalloid of choice in obstetric anesthesia. We compared the effects of Ringer’s lactate (RL) versus 0.9% normal saline (NS) on maternal and neonatal blood pH and 24-hour postoperative morbidity in urgent cesarean delivery in a low-resource setting. Our hypothesis was that RL would result in 30% less acidosis than NS.

METHODS:
This was a pragmatic prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial in the Mulago National Referral Hospital Labor Ward Theater from September 2011 to May 2012. Five hundred parturients were studied; 252 were randomly assigned to NS and 248 to RL groups. Preoperative and postoperative maternal venous blood gases and placental umbilical arterial cord blood gases were analyzed. The primary outcome was incidence of maternal acidosis, as defined by a postoperative drop in venous pH below 7.32 or reduction in base excess below −3 in a previously normal parturient. Maternal 24-hour postoperative morbidity, neonatal pH, and neonatal base excess were the main secondary outcomes. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01585740.

RESULTS:
The overall incidence of maternal acidosis was 38% in NS and 29% in RL (relative risk, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.66; P = .04). Thirty-two percent of parturients in NS experienced a drop in venous pH below 7.32 postoperatively, compared with 19% in RL (relative risk, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.18–2.31; P = .003). The comparative drop in base excess postoperatively below −3 between the 2 groups was not statistically significant. There were no significant differences in the incidence of maternal 24-hour postoperative morbidity events and neonatal outcomes between the 2 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
NS may be a safe choice for intraoperative fluid therapy in urgent cesarean delivery as RL, albeit with an increased incidence of metabolic acidosis.
Review of George Th. Mavrogordatos', 1915: Ο εθνικός διχασμός [1915: The national schism]
Authors: Hatzis Aristides N. 
Published: July 2017

George Th. Mavrogordatos. 1915: Ο εθνικός διχασμός [1915: The national schism]. Athens: Patakis, 2015. 343 pp.
Review of Harris Athanasiades', Τα αποσυρθέντα βιβλία: Έθνος και σχολική Ιστορία στην Ελλάδα, 1858-2008 [The withdrawn textbooks: nation and school history in Greece, 1858–2008]
Authors: Sakka Vassiliki 
Published: July 2017

Harris Athanasiades. Τα αποσυρθέντα βιβλία: Έθνος και σχολική Ιστορία στην Ελλάδα, 1858-2008 [The withdrawn textbooks: nation and school history in Greece, 1858–2008]. Athens: Alexandreia, 2015. 295 pp.
Pain in labour and the intrapartum use of intramuscular opioids—how effective are they?
Authors: Sprawson Emma 
Published: July 2017

Although widely used, there are observable differences in the level of satisfaction that women receive from opioids. This review examines some of the factors impacting this satisfaction, considering both physiological and psychological differences. Many women choose pharmacological methods for pain management in labour, with 25% using an opiate-based analgesic ( Redshaw and Henderson, 2015 ). Statistics suggest that the level of intravenous or intramuscular opiate ranges from 5% to 66% between hospital trusts ( Healthcare Commission, 2007 ). This review will consider the evidence and management options regarding the role of pain in labour; provide an overview of the research, evidence and practices concerning the intrapartum use of opiates versus other methods of pain management; detail the pharmacokinetics of opiates that are used in the UK and their effects on the woman, fetus and neonate; and identify some of the gaps in the literature.
Avaliação da Hering S.A.
Authors: Fukuzawa Roberto , Serra Ricardo Goulart 
Published: July 2017

O caso apresenta o estudo sobre as decisões reais de investimento e de avaliação de empresa. A Hering S.A. é uma empresa de vestuário listada na BM&FBovespa. Por meio de informações públicas e artigos de jornais detalhados no texto, este caso (i) permite que os alunos analisem as decisões de investimento tomadas pelos grandes investidores que adquiriram ações ordinárias da empresa, ao mesmo tempo que (ii) oferece ao aluno o desafio de formular as premissas necessárias para avaliar a empresa com base em informações públicas como demonstrações contábeis, indicadores macroeconômicos e outras variáveis de mercado. O resultado obtido pelo aluno poderá ser confrontado na sala de aula para possível discussão sobre (i) as premissas utilizadas e (ii) os preços das ações calculados. Esta discussão pode explicitar os vieses decorrentes da motivação dos avaliadores na medida em que diferentes premissas podem ter sido adotadas e motivadas por diferentes interesses (comprador, vendedor, etc.).
Taeniectomy pouch as neorectum after low rectal resection
Authors: Farag A , Mashhour AN , Elbarmelgi MY , Raslan MM , Abdelsalam AM , Mohsen AA 
Published: July 2017

Background and purpose The functional outcomes of incontinence and high stool frequency resulting from restorative surgery are often criticised. The aim of this study was to assess the taeniectomy pouch in comparison with other pouches described in the literature. Material and methods This was a prospective cohort study. All patients who were candidate for low rectal resection presenting to the colorectal unit at Cairo University hospitals during the period February 2013 to February 2015 were included in the study (90 patients). Safety and feasibility of the new technique were assessed, including operative time, leakage, postoperative urgency, incontinence, number of daily motions and difficulty in evacuation. These parameters were assessed clinically, by means of defecography and anorectal manometry. Results The mean age of patients was 49.6 years. Percentages of postoperative mortality and leakage were 2.2% and 3.4%, respectively. Mean operative time was 117 minutes. Mean numbers of daily motions were 3.04 and 1.52 at 3 and 12 months, respectively. Mean Wexner score for continence at 3 and 12 months were 3.21 and 1.32, respectively. Mean resting pressure was 51.63 mmHg, squeeze pressure was 130.42 mmHg and mean threshold volume was 118.68 ml. Conclusions Taeniectomy is a novel technique for pouch formation after low rectal resection, which can be used as an alternative to other pouches, especially the widely used transverse coloplasty.
Maximal solutions for the ∞-eigenvalue problem
Authors: da Silva João Vitor , Rossi Julio D. , Salort Ariel M. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this article we prove that the first eigenvalue of the

∞

{\infty}

-Laplacian

{

min
⁡

{

-

Δ
∞

⁢
v

,

|

∇
⁡
v

|

-

λ

1
,
∞

⁢

(
Ω
)

⁢
v

}

=
0

in
⁢
Ω

,

v

=
0

on
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle\min\{-\Delta_{\infty}v,|\nabla v|-\lambda%
_{1,\infty}(\Omega)v\}&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\text{in }\Omega,\\
\displaystyle v&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\text{on }\partial\Omega,\end{%
aligned}\right.

has a unique (up to scalar multiplication) maximal solution.
This maximal solution can be obtained as the limit as

ℓ
↗
1

{\ell\nearrow 1}

of concave problems of the form

{

min
⁡

{

-

Δ
∞

⁢

v
ℓ

,

|

∇
⁡

v
ℓ

|

-

λ

1
,
∞

⁢

(
Ω
)

⁢

v
ℓ
ℓ

}

=
0

in
⁢
Ω

,

v
ℓ

=
0

on
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

.

\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle\min\{-\Delta_{\infty}v_{\ell},|\nabla v_{%
\ell}|-\lambda_{1,\infty}(\Omega)v_{\ell}^{\ell}\}&\displaystyle=0&&%
\displaystyle\text{in }\Omega,\\
\displaystyle v_{\ell}&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\text{on }\partial\Omega.%
\end{aligned}\right.

In this way we obtain that the maximal eigenfunction is the unique one that is the limit of the sub-homogeneous problems
as happens for the usual eigenvalue problem for the p-Laplacian for a fixed

1
<
p
<
∞

{1<p<\infty}

.
Numerical analysis of two-parameter singularly perturbed boundary value problems via fitted splines
Authors: Ravi Kanth A. S. V. , Murali Mohan Kumar P. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we consider two-parameter singularly perturbed boundary value problems via fitted splines.
We propose an exponentially fitting factor to the highest order derivative of the problem and discretize by parametric cubic spline functions on a uniform mesh.
An error analysis of the method is presented.
The efficiency of the method is demonstrated by test examples which support the theoretical results.
Snail species diversity impacts the infection patterns of Echinostoma spp.: Examples from field collected data
Authors: Zimmermann Michael R. , Luth Kyle E. , Esch Gerald W. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRapid losses of biodiversity due to the changing landscape have spurred increased interest in the role of species diversity and disease risk. A leading hypothesis for the importance of biodiversity in disease reduction is the dilution effect, which suggests that increasing species diversity within a system decreases the risk of disease among the organisms inhabiting it. The role of species diversity in trematode infection was investigated using field studies from sites across the U.S. to examine the impact of snail diversity in the infection dynamics of both first and second intermediate larval stages of
Differentiation of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati based on PCR-RFLP analyses of rDNA-ITS and mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 regions
Authors: Mikaeili Fattaneh , Mathis Alexander , Deplazes Peter , Mirhendi Hossein , Barazesh Afshin , Ebrahimi Sepideh , Kia Eshrat Beigom 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe definitive genetic identification of
Molecular characterization and functional analysis of a glutathione peroxidase gene from Aphelenchoides besseyi (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae)
Authors: Wang Bu-Yong , Wen Rong-Rong , Ma Ling 
Published: July 2017

Abstract, the nematode agent of rice tip white disease, causes huge economic losses in almost all the rice-growing regions of the world. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), an esophageal glands secretion protein, plays important roles in the parasitism, immune evasion, reproduction and pathogenesis of many plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs). Therefore, GPx is a promising target for control
Population structure of the monogenean, Paramazocraes thrissocles (Mazocraeidae) on the gills of clupeoid fish, Thryssa mystax of Visakhapatnam coast, Bay of Bengal
Authors: Sailaja Bade , Shameem Ummey , Madhavi Rokkam 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn investigation was undertaken on the population biology of the mazocraeid monogenean
Hymenolepididae (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea) of ciconiiform and pelecaniform birds: the genera Oschmarinolepis Spassky and Spasskaja, 1954 and Paraoschmarinolepis gen. n.
Authors: Greben Oksana , Kornyushin Vadim , Mariaux Jean 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe monotypic genus
Three monogeneans parasitic on marine sciaenid fish from Peru including description of Cynoscionicola veranoi n. sp. (Microcotylidae), and redescription of C. americanus Tantaleán, Martínez and Escalante, 1987 and Hargicotyle sciaenae Oliva and Luque, 1989 (Diclidophoridae)
Authors: Chero Jhon D. , Cruces Celso L. , Saez Gloria , Luque José L. 
Published: July 2017

Abstractn. sp. (Monogenea: Microcotylidae) is described based on specimens collected from the gills of lorna drum
A note on the relation between categories and hyperstructures
Authors: Anvariyeh Seid Mohammad , Soltani Samaneh 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this paper, first we introduce the categories of “n-ary hyperstructures” ({{\mathrm{HS}}_{n}}) and “n-ary hyperstructures with particular carriers and relations” ({{\mathrm{HSP}}_{n}}), and we prove that the categories of{{\mathrm{HS}}_{n}}and{{\mathrm{HSP}}_{n-1}}are isomorphic. Then we prove that the category of “{(n-1)}-ary hypergroupoids” ({{\mathrm{HG}}_{n-1}}) is a full subcategory of the category{{\mathrm{HS}}_{n}}and the category of “unary bindingn-ary algebra with particular properties” ({{\mathrm{UBA}}_{n}}) is a full subcategory of the category{{\mathrm{HSP}}_{n}}. Next, we define two functorsFandG, and show that the restriction of the functorFto the category{{\mathrm{HG}}_{n}}is an isomorphism of{{\mathrm{HG}}_{n}}onto{{\mathrm{UBA}}_{n}}, and the restriction of the functorGto the category{{\mathrm{UBA}}_{n}}is an isomorphism of{{\mathrm{UBA}}_{n}}onto{{\mathrm{HG}}_{n}}.
The unusual use of epidural anesthesia for effective treatment of transfusion related circulatory overload in a parturient
Authors: Abola Ramon E. , Schabel Joy 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We present the use of epidural anesthesia for the management of transfusion associated circulatory overload. After a vaginal delivery, a patient with preeclampsia and postpartum hemorrhage developed respiratory failure following rapid transfusion and fluid resuscitation. Her dyspnea and clinical status markedly improved after receiving an epidural bolus of 2-chlroprocaine. This unusual application of epidural anesthesia induces similar physiological changes to standard medical therapy for pulmonary edema and volume overload.
Pubertal assessment: a national survey of attitudes, knowledge and practices of the US pediatric trainees
Authors: Khokhar Aditi , Ravichandran Yagnaram , Stefanov Dimitre G. , Perez-Colon Sheila 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background and objective
Sex maturity rating (SMR), defines different levels of sexual maturity, based on the development of secondary sexual characteristics. Periodic assessment of pubertal maturation by physicians is crucial for timely identification of puberty-related disorders. With this pilot study, we aimed to assess the attitudes, knowledge and practices of pubertal assessment by current US pediatric trainees.

Methods
An anonymous online survey questionnaire was sent to categorical pediatric residents at different levels of training and pediatric chief residents across the US.

Results
We received responses from 2496 pediatric residents from all over the US. We found that 96% of trainees understand the importance of assessing SMR, 62% feel confident in assessing it and 55% feel comfortable assessing the need for an endocrinology referral. Only 33% of trainees performed external genital exams during all regular clinic visits while 26.9% never performed them during sick visits and 6% never assessed SMR during any of the patient visits. Higher levels of training and having completed an endocrinology rotation were associated with improvement in comfort level, practice and knowledge of trainees regarding pubertal assessment.

Conclusion
This study revealed that the current clinical practices of performing external genital exams and SMR among pediatric residents need improvement. Stronger reinforcement from continuity clinic preceptors and/or online and clinic based resources for SMR assessment for trainees may improve adherence to the recommended guidelines.
Optimal Design of Coupled Inductors of High Power Modular Multilevel Converter Using a Novel Hybrid Model
Authors: Zabihinejad Amin , Viarouge Philippe 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDue to the importance of arm inductances in modular multilevel converters (MMC), it is necessary to propose an approach which provide the optimal inductor size considering the technical and manufacturing constraints. The investigations prove that utilizing the coupled inductor enhances converter performance and decreases the required value arm inductance and sub-module capacitor and the final converter volume and mass especially in high power applications. The analytical model of coupled inductors is consisted of circuit, electromagnetic and thermal model which will be combined with MMC circuit model to create the global MMC model. The analytical model of coupled inductor leads to fast convergence of optimization algorithm while it does not provide the accurate results. Another proposed approach is to put a finite element software directly in the optimization loop which intensely increases the optimization time and sometime made it hard to converge. In this paper, a novel hybrid correction loop has been proposed and developed to modify the analytical model parameters while the optimization is running. It effectively increases the results accuracy whereas the optimization does not increase so much. The proposed hybrid correction algorithm was employed in a global optimization loop which tries to minimize the total mass of a high power MMC converter according to the number of series sub-modules per arm. The results show that there is an optimal point which provides the maximum performance dependent to the load specifications, IGBT characteristics, goal function and manufacturing constraints. Also, in this research, the effect of coupled inductors on total converter mass and efficiency was investigated and compared to the state of using uncoupled inductors.
EU Taxes for the EU Budget in the Light of Sustainability Orientation – a Survey
Authors: Schratzenstaller Margit , Krenek Alexander , Nerudová Danuše , Dobranschi Marian 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEU taxes play a key role in political and economic discussions about the future of the EU own resource system, and their desirability can vary accordingly. It is therefore essential to clearly articulate the goals which are to be achieved by the introduction of this new financing tool. This paper provides a critical review of pros and cons of EU taxes put forward in the literature. Reviewing the conventional fiscal federalism and political economy literature on this topic it can be concluded that there is no convincing (overall) case for funding the EU budget with EU taxes rather than with contributions by Member States which currently make up for the lion’s share of EU own resources. There are, however, some specific issues arising from a sustainability perspective, which could be addressed with the introduction of EU taxes. Departing from a comprehensive concept of sustainability which is based on the economic, the social, the environmental and the cultural/institutional pillar of sustainability, the paper identifies existing sustainability gaps in taxation in the EU. EU taxes if designed accordingly may be suitable instruments to reduce these sustainability gaps and thus to strengthen sustainability-orientation of taxation in the EU.