bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐125b expression and intrahepatic metastasis are predictors for early recurrence after hepatocellular carcinoma resection
Authors: Shimagaki Tomonari , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Harimoto Norifumi , Yoshio Sachiyo , Naito Yutaka , Yamamoto Yusuke , Ochiya Takahiro , Yoshida Yoshihiro , Kanto Tatsuya , Maehara Yoshihiko 
Published: October 2017

AimEarly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after curative resection is a known poor prognostic factor. We aimed to identify microRNAs associated with recurrence after curative HCC resection.MethodsTo identify risk factors for early recurrence and metastasis, 694 patients who underwent primary curative HCC resection were analyzed. We evaluated microRNA expression in cancerous and non‐cancerous tissues by microarray and quantitative PCR analyses using 16 HCC samples. We defined patients who had a recurrence within 1 year of resection as the early recurrence (ER) group, patients who had a recurrence within 1–5 years as the late recurrence (LR) group, and patients who did not recur during the 5‐year observation period as the no recurrence (NR) group. We examined the relationship between microRNA expression and clinical features.ResultsMultivariate analysis revealed that α‐fetoprotein >31 ng/mL, tumor size >4 cm, and intrahepatic metastasis (IM) were significant factors. Afterwards, microarray analyses revealed that microRNA (miR)‐125b‐5p and miR‐148a‐3p were significantly downregulated in recurrent cases. The ratio of miR‐125b‐5p expression in cancerous versus non‐cancerous tissue (miR‐125b ratio), but not miR‐148a‐3p, was significantly lower in the ER group. Early recurrence was associated with reduced overall survival compared with the LR and NR group. The miR‐125b ratio was significantly lower in the ER group than in the LR and NR groups. Multivariate analysis showed that a low miR‐125b ratio and IM were independently associated with ER and disease‐free survival.ConclusionsAssessing tissue miR‐125b‐5p expression and IM is useful for stratifying patients at risk of early HCC recurrence after curative resection.
Incidence of cancer and overall risk of mortality in individuals treated with raltegravir‐based and non‐raltegravir‐based combination antiretroviral therapy regimens
Authors: Cozzi‐Lepri A , Zangerle R , Machala L , Zilmer K , Ristola M , Pradier C , Kirk O , Sambatakou H , Fätkenheuer G , Yust I , Schmid P , Gottfredsson M , Khromova I , Jilich D , Flisiak R , Smidt J , Rozentale B , Radoi R , Losso MH , Lundgren JD , Mocroft A ,   the EuroSIDA Study Group
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesThere are currently few data on the long‐term risk of cancer and death in individuals taking raltegravir (RAL). The aim of this analysis was to evaluate whether there is evidence for an association.MethodsThe EuroSIDA cohort was divided into three groups: those starting RAL‐based combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on or after 21 December 2007 (RAL); a historical cohort (HIST) of individuals adding a new antiretroviral (ARV) drug (not RAL) to their cART between 1 January 2005 and 20 December 2007, and a concurrent cohort (CONC) of individuals adding a new ARV drug (not RAL) to their cART on or after 21 December 2007. Baseline characteristics were compared using logistic regression. The incidences of newly diagnosed malignancies and death were compared using Poisson regression.ResultsThe RAL cohort included 1470 individuals [with 4058 person‐years of follow‐up (PYFU)] compared with 3787 (4472 PYFU) and 4467 (10 691 PYFU) in the HIST and CONC cohorts, respectively. The prevalence of non‐AIDS‐related malignancies prior to baseline tended to be higher in the RAL cohort vs. the HIST cohort [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95–1.80] and vs. the CONC cohort (aOR 1.89; 95% CI 1.37–2.61). In intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis (events: RAL, 50; HIST, 45; CONC, 127), the incidence of all new malignancies was 1.11 (95% CI 0.84–1.46) per 100 PYFU in the RAL cohort vs. 1.20 (95% CI 0.90–1.61) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.70–0.99) in the HIST and CONC cohorts, respectively. After adjustment, there was no evidence for a difference in the risk of malignancies [adjusted rate ratio (RR) 0.73; 95% CI 0.47–1.14 for RALvs. HIST; RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.65–1.39 for RALvs. CONC] or mortality (adjusted RR 0.87; 95% CI 0.53–1.43 for RALvs. HIST; RR 1.14; 95% CI 0.76–1.72 for RALvs. CONC).ConclusionsWe found no evidence for an oncogenic risk or poorer survival associated with using RAL compared with control groups.
Native ladybird decline caused by the invasive harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis: evidence from a long‐term field study
Authors: Brown Peter M. J. , Roy Helen E. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is regarded as an invasive non‐native species in Europe, where it has been spreading rapidly since the early years of the 21st century.

This study examines changes in ladybird communities at four sites (two lime tree sites, one pine tree site and one nettle site) in East Anglia, England, over an 11‐year period (2006–2016) following invasion by H. axyridis.

Overall, H. axyridis represented 41.5% of all ladybirds sampled [varying from a low of 0.2% (1 of 520 ladybirds at three sites) in 2006 to a high of 70.7% (724 of 1024 at four sites) in 2015] and was over three times more abundant than the second commonest species, Coccinella septempunctata L. The proportion of native ladybirds declined from 99.8% (520 of 521 ladybirds at three sites) in 2006 to 30.7% (383 of 1248 at four sites) in 2016, but H. axyridis dominated only at the lime tree sites and not at the pine or nettle sites.

There was a significant negative relationship between H. axyridis and Adalia bipunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) adults at the lime tree sites, but not between H. axyridis and adults of any of the other main ladybird species sampled. Adalia bipunctata adults and Adalia spp. larvae were the only native ladybirds that significantly declined.

Our study shows a clear change in the ladybird community on lime trees over an 11‐year period in which H. axyridis invaded England. Intraguild predation is hypothesised to be an important driver of the changes observed.
The triple‐negative (CD34‐/HLA‐DR‐/CD11b‐) profile rapidly and specifically identifies an acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Rahman K. , Gupta R. , Singh M. K. , Sarkar M. K. , Gupta A. , Nityanand S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe genetic testing to confirm or rule out an acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) typically takes a minimum of 24‐72 hours. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCI) on the other hand provides rapid and objective information to differentiate APL from non‐APL.MethodsFCI features, with single‐tube 8‐color combination using CD45, CD34, HAL‐DR, CD11b, CD13, CD33, and CD117 and CD64, were compared for the 30 consecutive APL and 30 non‐APL acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases which morphologically mimicked an APL. The diagnosis was confirmed by cytogenetic or molecular genetic testing in the form of t (15:17) (q22; q21)/variant translocations or PML‐RARA fusion transcript analysis.ResultsThe APL cells lacked CD34, HLA‐DR, and CD11b in 90%, 90%, and 93.3% cases, respectively. Myeloid antigens such as CD33, CD13, CD117, and CD64 were expressed in 96.7%, 96.7%, 76.7%, and 70% cases, respectively. The dual negative profiles, CD34‐/HLA‐DR‐ or HLA‐DR‐/CD11b‐, were noted in 90% and 93.3% cases. The triple‐negative (CD34‐/HLA‐DR‐/CD11b‐) profile was noted in 90% of the cases. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) of CD34‐/HLA‐DR‐ and HLA‐DR‐/CD11b‐ profiles for the diagnosis of APL were found to be 90%, 80% & 81.1% and 93.3%, 86.7%& 87.5%, respectively. Combining the above two profiles resulted in a triple‐negative profile (CD34‐, HLA‐DR‐ and CD11b‐), which had a better specificity (93.3%) and positive predictive value (93.1%), with similar sensitivity.ConclusionFCI is a rapid and reliable modality for the diagnosis of an APL. The triple‐negative profile (CD34‐/HLA‐DR‐/CD11b‐) rapidly and specifically identifies an APL case.
‘Ye Worship Ye Know Not What’? The Apophatic Turn and the Trinity
Authors: Van Kuiken E. Jerome 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article studies three advocates of the ‘apophatic turn’ in recent trinitarian theology: Karen Kilby, Sarah Coakley and Katherine Sonderegger. I evaluate particular uses to which they put apophaticism in relation to the doctrine of the Trinity, dialogically building a case for an integrative approach. I conclude by sketching several constructive implications of this approach.
Early death and causes of death of people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review
Authors: O'Leary Lisa , Cooper Sally‐Ann , Hughes‐McCormack Laura 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundDeath of people with intellectual disabilities is considered to be earlier than for the general population.MethodsDatabases were searched for key words on intellectual disabilities and death. Strict inclusion/exclusion criteria were used. Information was extracted from selected papers, tabulated and synthesized. Prospero registration number:CRD42015020161.ResultsOf 19,111 retrieved articles, 27 met criteria. Death was earlier by 20 years. It has improved in recent decades; however, the same inequality gap with the general population remains. More severe intellectual disabilities, and/or additional comorbidities rendered it shortest. Standardized mortality rates showed a greater inequality for women than men. Respiratory disease and circulatory diseases (with greater congenital and lesser ischaemic disease compared with the general population) were the main causes of death. Cancer was less common, and cancer profile differed from the general population. Some deaths are potentially avoidable. All research is from high‐income countries, and cause of death is surprisingly little investigated.ConclusionsImproved health care, including anticipatory care such as health checks, and initiatives addressing most relevant lifestyle behaviours and health risks are indicated.
So close and yet so far away: A psychological distance account of the effectiveness of leader appeals
Authors: van Houwelingen Gijs , Stam Daan , Giessner Steffen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractContradictory recommendations persist on how leaders best communicate goals to followers. Whereas scholars of visionary leadership recommend emphasizing the desirability of preferred end‐states, scholars of goal setting argue that the perceived feasibility of a goal determines motivation. This paper proposes and tests a synthesis based on construal level theory. Under relatively high (i.e., abstract) levels of construal, such as when leader–follower distance is relatively large, leader appeals that emphasize desirability (i.e., desirable appeals) are more likely to be effective than appeals that emphasize feasibility (i.e., feasible appeals). Under relatively low (i.e., concrete) levels of construal, such as when leader–follower distance is relatively small, feasible appeals are more likely to be effective. Two experimental studies in two different countries provide support for our predictions.
Some Reflections on the Governance Framework of the Single Resolution Board
Authors: Božina Beroš Marta 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFirst embodied by the European Supervisory Authorities in 2010, agency governance in the financial sector has gained momentum with the creation of the Single Resolution Board (SRB) – an EU agency with considerable competencies in banking prudential policy. Within a short period, backed by the ‘ESMA‐Short Selling case’ judgment, agencies have progressed from supporting the European Commission with their quasi‐rule making, to a more prominent role in the decision‐making process, potentially influencing policy‐makers' agenda. By engaging in a qualitative analysis of legal documents, official texts and relevant scholarship, this research note examines the formal framework and practical aspects of SRB's governance, in order to substantiate whether its establishment presents a ‘qualitative increase’ in financial sector agencification. At the same time, the research note highlights problematic issues arising because of the limitations set by the Meroni doctrine arguing that the Board's wide powers ‘on paper’ may prove challenging to implement in practice.
Corruption and Trust in the European Union and National Institutions: Changes over the Great Recession across European States
Authors: Obydenkova Anastassia V. , Arpino Bruno 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDoes corruption influence trust in national institutions in the same way as trust in international institutions? Did this influence change over the economic crisis 2008? Using data from the European Social Survey, we examined the association between corruption and trust in national and European parliaments before and after the start of the Great Recession 2008. We found that over the Crisis, the effect of corruption on trust in national parliament became more negative than it was before 2008. We also discovered a positive association between corruption and trust in the EU before the Crisis. That is, states with a higher level of national corruption seem to have more trust in international institutions, such as the EU. However, this relationship disappears after 2008. Our findings contribute to the debates on the impact of corruption on trust in national and international institutions, and on the consequences of the Great Recession.
Safety and efficacy of the combination of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist liraglutide with an oral antidiabetic drug in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: Post‐hoc analysis of a randomized, 52‐week, open‐label, parallel‐group trial
Authors: Kiyosue Arihiro , Seino Yutaka , Nishijima Keiji , Bosch‐Traberg Heidrun , Kaku Kohei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe aim of the present post‐hoc analysis was to investigate the safety and efficacy of liraglutide in combination with one oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) across different OAD classes.Materials and MethodsThis was a post‐hoc analysis using data from a 52‐week, open‐label, parallel‐group trial, in which patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with a single OAD (α‐glucosidase inhibitor, glinide, metformin or thiazolidinedione) were randomized to either pretrial OAD in combination with liraglutide 0.9 mg/day (liraglutide group) or pretrial OAD in combination with an additional OAD (additional OAD group). The primary outcome investigated in this post‐hoc analysis was the incidence of adverse events.ResultsThe proportions of patients experiencing adverse events across the different groups of pretrial OADs were comparable between liraglutide and additional OAD (α‐glucosidase inhibitor 74.6 vs 70.0%; glinide 93.1 vs 87.1%; metformin 91.8 vs 87.1%; thiazolidinedione 86.2 vs 96.4%, respectively). Minor hypoglycemia was infrequent (seven episodes in two patients randomized to liraglutide, and two episodes in two patients randomized to additional OAD). The mean reduction in glycated hemoglobin appeared greater with liraglutide therapy, with the estimated mean treatment difference (95% confidence interval [CI]) for liraglutide vs additional OAD ranging from −0.14%, 95% CI: −0.48 to 0.21 (−1.5 mmol/mol, 95 CI: −5.2 to 2.3) to −0.44%, 95% CI:−0.79 to −0.09 (−4.8 mmol/mol, 95% CI: −8.6 to −1.0).ConclusionsThe present analysis suggests that Japanese patients on OAD monotherapy might benefit from a greater improvement in glycemic control, without impacting tolerability, by combining their OAD with liraglutide rather than another OAD, regardless of which OAD monotherapy they are receiving.
The impact of improving access to primary care
Authors: Glass David P. , Kanter Michael H. , Jacobsen Steven J. , Minardi Paul M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo measure the size and timing of changes in utilization and costs for employees and dependents who had major access barriers to primary care removed, across an 8‐year period (2007 to 2014).Study design and methodsRetrospective observational study examining patterns of utilization and costs before and after the implementation of a worksite medical office in 2010. The worksite office offered convenient primary care services with no travel from work, essentially guaranteed same day access, and no co‐pay. Trends in visit rates and costs were compared for an intervention fixed cohort group (employees and dependents) at the employer (n = 1211) with a control fixed cohort group (n = 542 162) for 6 types of visits (primary, urgent, emergency, inpatient, specialty, and other outpatient). Difference‐in‐differences methods assessed the significance of between‐group changes in utilization and costs.ResultsThe worksite medical office intervention group had an increase in primary care visits relative to the control group (+43% vs +4%,P < 0.001). This was accompanied by a reduction in urgent care visits by the intervention group compared with the control group (−43% vs −5%,P < 0.001). There were no differences in the other types of visits, and the total visit costs for the intervention group increased 5.7% versus 2.7% for the control group (P = 0.008).A sub‐group analysis of the intervention group (comparing dependents to employees) found that that the dependents achieved a reduction in costs of 2.7% (P < 0.001) across the study period.ConclusionsThe potential for long‐term reduction in utilization and costs with better access to primary care is significant, but not easily nor automatically achieved.
Phylogeny and Redescription of the Testate Amoeba Diaphoropodon archeri (Chlamydophryidae, Thecofilosea, Cercozoa), De Saedeleer 1934, and Annotations on the Polyphyly of Testate Amoebae with Agglutinated Tests in the Cercozoa
Authors: Dumack Kenneth , Bonkowski Michael , Clauß Steffen , Völcker Eckhard 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe genus Diaphoropodon, Archer 1869, comprises filose amoebae with agglutinated tests made of quartz grains, diatom frustules and other particulate materials. The key trait of the genus is a hyaline theca covered with numerous 5‐ to 10‐μm‐long, hairlike rods. Based on SSU rDNA phylogeny, we show that Diaphoropodon groups closely to Lecythium, a testate amoeba genus with a flexible but naked theca. Electron microscopic images reveal that the rods of Diaphoropodon are not perforating the test but lie randomly distributed on the surface of the amoeba. Comparing fairly naked cells from our cultures with cells from the environment leads to the conclusion that these rods play a role in agglutinating the material on the test.
Self‐reported psychological wellbeing in adolescents: the role of intellectual/developmental disability and gender
Authors: Boström P. , Åsberg Johnels J. , Broberg M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe Wellbeing in Special Education Questionnaire was developed to assess subjective wellbeing in young persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (ID/DD) as this perspective is rarely included in research. The present study explored how ID/DD and gender are related to self‐reported wellbeing among adolescents.MethodStudents with (n = 110) or without (n = 110) ID/DD, aged 12–16 years, completed the Wellbeing in Special Education Questionnaire. Analyses of the effects of gender and disability status on peer relations and conflict, mental health, mental ill‐health, school environment and family relations were carried out.ResultsThe experiences of the school environment and of positive mental health aspects did not differ between students with and without ID/DD, but those with ID/DD reported more mental health problems and less positive experiences of peer relations and family. Generally, boys reported more positive experiences of school and less mental health problems than girls.ConclusionsIncluding the subjective perspective of young persons with ID/DD through self‐reports can provide essential information about wellbeing that cannot be gained from proxy ratings. The results suggest both differences and similarities in self‐reported wellbeing between boys and girls with and without ID/DD and potentially also in how they perceived the concepts measured.
Neonatal overfeeding by small‐litter rearing sensitises hippocampal microglial responses to immune challenge: Reversal with neonatal repeated injections of saline or minocycline
Authors: De Luca S. N. , Ziko I. , Dhuna K. , Sominsky L. , Tolcos M. , Stokes L. , Spencer S. J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe early‐life period is extremely vulnerable to programming effects from the environment, many of which persist into adulthood. We have previously demonstrated that adult rats overfed as neonates have hypothalamic microglia that are hyper‐responsive to an immune challenge, as well as hippocampal microglia that respond less efficiently to learning. We therefore hypothesised that neonatal overfeeding would alter the ability of hippocampal microglia to respond to an immune challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and that concomitant minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic that suppresses microglial activity, could restore these responses. We induced neonatal overfeeding by manipulating the litter sizes in which Wistar rat pups were raised, so the pups were suckled in litters of four (neonatally overfed) or 12 (control‐fed). We then examined the hippocampal microglial profiles 24 hour after an immune challenge with LPS and found that the neonatally overfed rats had dramatically increased microglial numbers in the hippocampus after immune challenge compared to control‐fed rats. Attempts to reverse these effects with minocycline revealed repeated that neonatal injections, whether with minocycline or with saline, markedly suppressed microglial number and density throughout the hippocampus and abolished the difference between the groups in their responses to LPS. These data suggest that neonatal overfeeding not only can have lasting effects on hippocampal immune responses, but also that neonatal exposure to a protocol of repeated injections, irrespective of treatment, has a pronounced long‐term impact, highlighting the importance of considering these effects when interpreting experimental data.
Using Z‐scores to evaluate levator hiatal dimensions with four‐dimensional translabial ultrasound
Authors: Wen Lieming , Zhang Jing , Zeng Shi , Zhou Qichang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimThis study represents the first attempt to use ‘Z‐scores’ to assess levator hiatal dimensions and quantify hiatal expansion.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective study on the data of 110 nulliparae and 73 pelvic organ prolapse (POP) patients who had a clinical POP exam and translabial 4‐D ultrasound. We used Z‐scores to normalize the dimensions of nulliparae levator hiatus and to build a Z‐score model to evaluate the ‘hiatal ballooning’ against the POP staging.ResultsValid data were gathered from 102 nulliparae and 64 POP patients. We built the Z‐score models as follows: Z‐Av = (measured value – 17.19) / 2.98, Z‐Lv = (measured value – 55.65) / 5.48, where ‘Av’ and ‘Lv’ represented the ‘hiatal area’ and the ‘anterior–posterior diameter’ on Valsalva, respectively. The ‘90% reference range’ of Z‐Av was (−1.8−+1.8) and that of Z‐Lv was (−2.0−+2.0). On receiver–operator curve analysis, the cut‐off against POP stage 2 for Av was 20 cm2 (sensitivity of 79%, specificity of 66%), and that for Lv was 6.0 cm (sensitivity of 68%, specificity of 65%), which were approximately equal to a Z‐Av of 1.0 and a Z‐Lv of 1.0, correspondingly. For POP stage 3, the cut‐off was an Av of 24 cm2 (sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 83%) or an anterior–posterior diameter of 6.3 cm (sensitivity of 77%, specificity of 80%), which was approximately equal to a Z‐Av of 2.0 or a Z‐Lv of 1.5, respectively.Conclusion‘Normal hiatal dimension’ was defined as Z‐Av ≤ 1.0 or Z‐Lv ≤ 1.0, and ‘hiatal ballooning’ was defined as Z‐Av ≥ 2.0 or Z‐Lv ≥ 1.5.