bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between cerebral blood flow variation and cognitive decline in older patients undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Guo Yidan , Cui Wei , Ye Pengpeng , Luo Yang 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe mechanism of cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients is multifactorial. The relationship between cerebral blood flow and the decline of cognitive function is poorly understood.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between cerebral blood flow variation and decline of cognitive function in older patients undergoing hemodialysis.MethodsIn this prospective observational cohort study of 121 older patients undergoing hemodialysis, we used transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) to measure cerebral arterial mean flow velocity (MFV) throughout dialysis, assessed cognitive function at baseline and 12-month follow-up, and then analyzed associations between MFV and changes on cognitive scores.ResultsTCD recordings demonstrated a significant reduction in MFV throughout dialysis, which were significantly correlated with cumulative ultrafiltration volume (rho 0.356, p &lt; 0.001), ΔSBP (rho 0.251, p = 0.005), and ΔMAP (rho 0.194, p = 0.032). Compared with the baseline assessments, cognitive scores of participants at the 12-month follow-up were significantly worsened in global cognition (MOCA), some tests of memory (CFT-memory), executive function (TMT-B, SCWT-C, and SCWT-T), attention/processing speed (SDMT), and visuospatial function (CFT-copy) (p &lt; 0.05). The worsening scores in global cognition (MOCA) (β = 0.066, 95% CI 0.018–0.113, p = 0.007) and some tests of memory (AVLT5) (β = 0.050, 95% CI 0.004–0.097, p = 0.035) and executive function (TMT-B, SCWT-C, SCWT-T) (β = 1.955, 95% CI 0.457–3.453, p = 0.011; β = 0.298, 95% CI 0.112–0.484, p = 0.002 and β = 1.371, 95% CI 0.429–2.303, p = 0.004, respectively) were significantly associated with the reduction of MFV.ConclusionHemodialysis may significantly reduce cerebral blood flow in older patients; Repetitive intradialytic decreases in CBF may be one of the mechanisms underlying the decline of cognitive function.Clinical trial registrationhttps://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S000C5B5&amp;selectaction=Edit&amp;uid=U0003QEL&amp;ts=4&amp;cx=-djoi2
The increased tendency for anemia in traditional Chinese medicine deficient body constitution is associated with the gut microbiome
Authors: Liang Yuanjun , Chen Yang , Lin Yanzhao , Huang Wei , Qiu Qinwei , Sun Chen , Yuan Jiamin , Xu Ning , Chen Xinyan , Xu Fuping , Shang Xiaoxiao , Deng Yusheng , Liu Yanmin , Tan Fei , He Chunxiang , Li Jiasheng , Deng Qinqin , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Guan Huahua , Liang Yongzhu , Fang Xiaodong , Jiang Xuanting , Han Lijuan , Huang Li , Yang Zhimin 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundConstitution is a valuable part of traditional Chinese medicine theory; it is defined as the internal foundation for the occurrence, development, transformation and outcome of diseases, and has its characteristic gut microbiota. Previous study showed that deficiency constitution was related to lower Hb counts. However, no research has examined how alterations in the gut microbiome induced by deficiency constitution may increase the tendency for anemia.MethodsWe used a multiomics strategy to identify and quantify taxonomies and compounds found under deficient constitution individuals and further explore the possible pathological factors that affect red blood cell indices.Results① People with deficient constitution showed lower hemoglobin (Hb), more Firmicutes, less Bacteroidetes, and higher α diversity. ② We identified Escherichia coli, Clostridium bolteae, Ruminococcus gnavus, Streptococcus parasanguinis and Flavonifractor plautii as potential biomarkers of deficient constitution. ③ Slackia piriformis, Clostridium_sp_L2_50 and Bacteroides plebeius were enriched in balanced-constitution individuals, and Parabacteroides goldsteinii was the key bacterial marker of balanced constitution. ④ Flavonifractor plautii may be a protective factor against the tendency for anemia among deficient individuals. ⑤ Ruminococcus gnavus may be the shared microbe base of deficiency constitution-related the tendency for anemia. ⑥ The microorganism abundance of the anaerobic phenotype was lower in deficient constitution group. ⑦ Alterations in the microbiome of deficient-constitution individuals were associated with worse health status and a greater risk of anemia, involving intestinal barrier function, metabolism and immune responses, regulated by short-chain fatty acids and bile acid production.ConclusionThe composition of the gut microbiome was altered in people with deficient constitution, which may explain their poor health status and tendency toward anemia.
Vitamin D concentration in the blood of women with twin pregnancies and in the umbilical cord blood of newborns in relation to environmental factors
Authors: Wierzejska Regina Ewa , Szymusik Iwona , Bomba-Opoń Dorota , Rzucidło-Szymańska Iga , Wojda Barbara , Biskupski-Brawura-Samaha Robert 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThere is a huge gap in the knowledge of the body’s nutrient resources in women with multiple gestations. Due to the increased demand hypothesis and taking into account common vitamin D deficits in women with singleton pregnancies, this issue should also be investigated in twin pregnancies. This study evaluated blood vitamin D concentration in women with twin pregnancies and in the umbilical cord blood of their newborns as well as analyzed environmental factors that may affect the level of this nutrient.MethodsThe study included 56 women with twin pregnancies. Venous blood samples were collected from the women before delivery and umbilical cord blood at delivery to determine the total 25(OH)D concentration. The women were interviewed by a dietitian to collect data on their diet and lifestyle.ResultsThe average maternal 25(OH)D concentrations were 38.4 ± 11.0 ng/mL vs. 23.7 ± 6.1 ng/mL determined in the umbilical cord blood of the newborns. The concentration of 25(OH)D in the umbilical cord blood was strongly correlated with the concentration in the mother (p &lt; 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 7% of women and 21% of newborns. Factors increasing the risk of too low 25(OH)D concentration in the mothers were age below 27 years (p = 0.002) and short duration of pregnancy (p = 0.011). In newborns, the risk factors included low maternal concentrations (p &lt; 0.001) and delivery before 36 weeks of gestation (p = 0.008). The mean cord blood 25(OH)D levels were almost identical in both twins and amounted to 24.0 ± 6.1 ng/mL in the first-born and 23.4 ± 6.1 ng/mL in the second-born infant. Vitamin D supplementation was declared by 98% of the women, with 85% taking ≤2,000 IU vitamin D daily.ConclusionOnly a small percentage of women with twin pregnancies presented with vitamin D deficiency, which was probably related to the widespread supplementation of this nutrient. It can therefore be assumed that a dose of 2,000 IU vitamin D currently recommended for pregnant women may also be appropriate for twin gestations, although further research is required to validate this finding.
Effects of prophylactic nalbuphine on emergence agitation and postoperative pain in pediatric patients undergoing ENT surgery with sevoflurane anesthesia
Authors: Han Wendong , Cai Jingjie , Zhang Wangping , Wei Rong , Jiang Yan 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundEmergence agitation (EA) is a common complication in the pediatric population. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the prophylactic nalbuphine on EA in pediatric patients receiving sevoflurane anesthesia.MethodsThe children undergoing ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgery were administered 0.2 mg/kg nalbuphine (the nalbuphine group) or the same volume of normal saline (the control group) 5 min before the end of the surgery. The extubating time, time to eye-opening and duration of the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) were recorded. Heart rate and blood pressure were monitored before and 5 min after nalbuphine administration. Pain was assessed using Face Legs Activity Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scales, and the drug-related postoperative complications (e.g., EA, delayed awakening, nausea and vomiting, and respiratory depression) were recorded.ResultsOne-hundred and thirty pediatric patients were randomly divided into nalbuphine and control groups (n = 65). The nalbuphine group showed a significantly lower incidence of EA than the control group (20% vs. 46.2%, P = 0.002). No significant differences between the two groups were observed in heart rate and blood pressure 5 min after nalbuphine administration (P &gt; 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding extubating time, time to eye-opening, and duration of PACU. The FLACC scales demonstrated lower values in the nalbuphine group than in the control group during the initial 4 h after the surgery. However, the FLACC scales showed similar values between 5 and 12 h after the surgery.ConclusionsIn summary, the results of this study demonstrated that prophylactic natbuphine could minimize the incidence of EA in pediatric patients following ENT surgery without increasing the extubating time and PACU duration.Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier [ChiCTR2300070046].
Gut microbiota metabolites: potential therapeutic targets for Alzheimer’s disease?
Authors: Zhang Shanshan , Lu Jing , Jin Ziqi , Xu Hanying , Zhang Dongmei , Chen Jianan , Wang Jian 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline in cognitive function, which significantly increases pain and social burden. However, few therapeutic interventions are effective in preventing or mitigating the progression of AD. An increasing number of recent studies support the hypothesis that the gut microbiome and its metabolites may be associated with upstream regulators of AD pathology.MethodsIn this review, we comprehensively explore the potential mechanisms and currently available interventions targeting the microbiome for the improvement of AD. Our discussion is structured around modern research advancements in AD, the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, the multi-target regulatory effects of microbial metabolites on AD, and therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating gut microbiota to manage AD.ResultsThe gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD through continuous bidirectional communication via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Among these, microbial metabolites such as lipids, amino acids, bile acids and neurotransmitters, especially sphingolipids and phospholipids, may serve as central components of the gut-brain axis, regulating AD-related pathogenic mechanisms including β-amyloid metabolism, Tau protein phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. Additionally, interventions such as probiotic administration, fecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotic use have also provided evidence supporting the association between gut microbiota and AD. At the same time, we propose an innovative strategy for treating AD: a healthy lifestyle combined with targeted probiotics and other potential therapeutic interventions, aiming to restore intestinal ecology and microbiota balance.ConclusionDespite previous efforts, the molecular mechanisms by which gut microbes act on AD have yet to be fully described. However, intestinal microorganisms may become an essential target for connecting the gut-brain axis and improving the symptoms of AD. At the same time, it requires joint exploration by multiple centers and multiple disciplines.
Detection of natural pulse waves (PWs) in 3D using high frame rate imaging for anisotropy characterization
Authors: Sauvage Jack , Moustefaoui Safa , Fiorentini Stefano , Venet Maelys , Fadnes Solveig , Lovastakken Lasse , Villemain Olivier , Salles Sébastien 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionNumerous studies have shown that natural mechanical waves have the potential to assess the elastic properties of the myocardium. When the Aortic and Mitral valves close, a shear wave is produced, which provides insights into tissue stiffness. In addition, the Atrial Kick (AK) generates a wave similar to Pulse Waves (PWs) in arteries, providing another way to assess tissue stiffness. However, tissue anisotropy can also impact PW propagation, which is currently underexplored. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the impact of anisotropy on PW propagation in a phantom.MethodsTube phantoms were created using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). Anisotropy was induced between two sets of two freeze-thaw cycles by stretching and twisting the material. The study first tests and validates the procedure of making helical anisotropic vessel phantoms using the shear wave imaging technique (by estimating the shear wave speed at different probe angles). Using plane wave ultrasound tomography synchronized with a peristaltic pump, 3D high frame rate imaging is performed and used to detect the 3D propagation pattern of PW for each manufactured vessel phantom. Finally, the study attempts to extract the anisotropic coefficient of the vessel using pulse wave propagation angle.ResultsThe Shear wave imaging results obtained for the isotropic vessel show very similar values for each probe angle. On the contrary, the results obtained for the axial anisotropy vessel show a region with a higher shear wave speed at about 0°, corresponding to the long axis of the vessel. Finally, the results obtained for the helical anisotropy depicted increasing shear wave velocity value from −20° to 20°. For the axial phantom, the wavefront of the pulse wave is perpendicular to the long axis of the vessel, while oriented for the helical anisotropic vessels phantom. The pulse wave propagation angle increased with the number of twists made during the vessel manufacturing.DiscussionThe results show that anisotropy can be induced in PVA vessel phantoms by stretching and twisting the material in freeze-thaw cycles. The findings also suggest that vessel anisotropy affects pulse wave propagation angles. Estimating the pulse wave propagation angle may be interesting in characterizing tissue anisotropy in organs where such waves are naturally present.
Effect of a honey-sweetened beverage on muscle soreness and recovery of performance after exercise-induced muscle damage in strength-trained females
Authors: Hemmati Hadis , Alkasasbeh Walaa Jumah , Hemmatinafar Mohammad , Salesi Mohsen , Pirmohammadi Sepideh , Imanian Babak , Rezaei Rasoul 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThis study explores a novel approach to mitigating delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), a common issue among strength-trained females. By investigating the potential of a honey-sweetened beverage, which contains anti-inflammatory properties, we aim to enhance muscle recovery after exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD).MethodA randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled, and double-blinded study was conducted with sixteen female strength athletes. Firstly, the baseline measurements were recorded, and participants were randomly divided into two conditions: honey-sweetened beverage (HSB; 70 g of honey in 250 mL water with a concentration of 28%) and placebo (PLA; 250 mL of water with 70 g of artificial sweetener). The HSB and PLA were consumed 90 min before the EIMD started (200 vertical jumps with 10% body-weighted vests). Recovery monitoring of performance indicators and DOMS was performed after EIMD. The results of wall-sit, V-Sit and reach flexibility test (VSFT), vertical jump height (VJH), pressure pain threshold (PPT), and one repetition maximum (IRM) tests were recorded 48 h after EIMD. Also, DOMS was recorded using the visual analog scale (VAS) before the start of the test and immediately, 12, 24, and 48 h after EIMD. A one-week interval was considered a washout period for each condition. The collected data were analyzed by repeated measures of ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test and dependent t-test at P ≤ 0.05 level.ResultsCompared to PLA, HSB ingestion improves wall-sit performance (p = 0.003), 1RM (p = 0.019), and RPE (p = 0.003) after EIMD. However, no significant differences were observed between BL, PLA, and HSB in VJH (p = 0.384), VSFT (p = 0.840), and PPT (p = 0.151) after EIMD. Furthermore, HSB, compared to PLA, considerably decreased the values of DOMS immediately, 12, 24, and 48 h after EIMD (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionOur findings illustrated that ingesting HSB in strength-trained females can be a helpful strategy for improving recovery indicators such as muscle strength, endurance, and muscle soreness after EIMD.
The effect of supplemental arginine on the gut microbial homeostasis of broilers during sub-clinical necrotic enteritis challenge
Authors: Fathima Shahna , Al Hakeem Walid G. , Shanmugasundaram Revathi , Lourenco Jeferson , Selvaraj Ramesh K. 
Published: September 2024

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an enteric disease of poultry that alters the structure of the gut microbial community causing dysbiosis. This 28 day experiment investigated the effects of 125% and 135% arginine diets on the gut microbial diversity and composition of broilers during a subclinical NE challenge. One hundred and twenty one-day-old chicks were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with six replicates each- Uninfected + Basal, NE + Basal, NE + Arg 125%, and NE + Arg 135% diet groups. NE was induced by inoculating 1 × 104 E. maxima sporulated oocysts on day 14 and 1 × 108 CFU C. perfringens on days 19, 20, and 21 of age. The NE challenge significantly decreased the number of observed amplicon sequence variants (p = 0.03), the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes (p &lt; 0.01), and the species Mediterraneibacter cottocaccae (p = 0.01) in the ceca of birds on day 21. The NE challenge significantly increased the Bray-Curtis index (p &lt; 0.01), and the abundance of the phylum Bacteroidota (p &lt; 0.01), family Odoribacteraceae (p &lt; 0.01), genus Odoribacter (p &lt; 0.01), and species O. splanchnicus (p = 0.01) on day 21. During NE, the 125% arginine diet restored the abundance of the phylum Bacteroidota (p = 0.03), family Odoribacteraceae (p = 0.03) and Oscillospiraceae (p = 0.03), genus Odoribacter (p = 0.03), and species O. splanchnicus (p = 0.03) and M. cottocaccae (p &lt; 0.01) on day 21. The 135% arginine diet effectively restored the loss in alpha diversity (p = 0.01) caused by NE, the abundance of the phylum Firmicutes (p = 0.01) and Bacteroidota (p &lt; 0.01), family Oscillospiraceae (p = 0.03) and Odoribacteraceae (p &lt; 0.01), genus Odoribacter (p &lt; 0.01), and species O. splanchnicus (p &lt; 0.01) and M. cottocaccae (p &lt; 0.01) on day 21. On day 28, the treatments had a significant effect on the cecal propionate (p = 0.01), butyrate (p = 0.04), and total SCFA (p = 0.04) concentrations. In conclusion, the 125% and 135% arginine diets restored gut microbial composition during a subclinical NE challenge, but not the cecal SCFA profile. Hence, arginine in combination with other feed additives could be used in restoring gut microbial homeostasis during NE in poultry.
Effects of a reminiscence therapy-involved program on anxiety, depression, and the quality of life in cancer patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sun Xingliang , Su Wenlian , Yin Mengyue , Xia Ling 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveReminiscence therapy is increasingly being utilized for cancer patients to address psychological pressure and enhance their quality of life. This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effect of a reminiscence therapy-involved program (RTIP) on anxiety, depression, and quality of life in cancer patients.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases until December 2023 to screen randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of RTIP and control care.ResultsA total of 16 RCTs published from 2013 to 2023 were included, with 1,963 cancer patients undergoing RTIP with or without control care (RTIP group, N = 984) or control care (control group, N = 979). The results showed the the anxiety score [standardized mean differences (SMD) = −0.539; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.700, −0.378; P &lt; 0.001], anxiety rate [relative risk (RR) = 0.736; 95% CI: 0.627, 0.865; P &lt; 0.001], depression score (SMD = −0.664; 95% CI: −0.967, −0.361; P &lt; 0.001), and depression rate (RR = 0.632; 95% CI = 0.532, 0.750; P &lt; 0.001) were significantly reduced in the RTIP group compared to the control group. Furthermore, overall quality of life was increased in the RTIP group than in the control group (SMD = 0.501; 95% CI: 0.314, 0.689; P &lt; 0.001). In digestive system cancer patients, anxiety/depression scores and rates were reduced, and the overall quality of life was elevated in the RTIP group in comparison with the control group (all P &lt; 0.050). The quality of evidence was generally high, with a low risk of bias in most studies and no publication bias in any outcomes (all P &gt; 0.050).ConclusionRTIP attenuates anxiety and depression and improves the quality of life in cancer patients, benefitting their overall health condition.Systematic Review RegistrationThis meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO with registration number CRD42024563266.
The impact of mindfulness intervention on negative emotions and quality of life in malignant tumor patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhang , Lei Dong , Ting Li , Yao Ran , Jing Wu , Na Mi 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the effect of mindfulness intervention on negative emotions (anxiety and depression) and quality of life in malignant tumor patients.MethodsThe databases, including CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database disc (CBMdisc), PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science (WoS), were searched from inception to January 2024. Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of mindfulness intervention on negative emotions and quality of life in malignant tumor patients were selected. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.1.ResultsA total of 11 studies involving 993 patients were included. Compared with usual care, mindfulness intervention effectively reduced anxiety [SMD = −0.81, 95% CI (−1.01, −0.60), p &lt; 0.00001], depression [SMD = −0.86, 95% CI (−1.01, −0.70), p &lt; 0.00001], and improved patients’ quality of life [SMD = 0.64, 95% CI (0.50, 0.78), p &lt; 0.00001].ConclusionMindfulness intervention can effectively alleviate negative emotions such as anxiety and depression in malignant tumor patients and positively impact their quality of life.