bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acne necrotica (necrotizing lymphocytic folliculitis): An enigmatic and under‐recognised dermatosis
Authors: Pitney Lucy K , O'Brien Blake , Pitney Michael J 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAcne necrotica is a disorder of adults of obscure aetiology, featuring repeated cropping of inflammatory papulonodules which rapidly necrotise, leaving varying degrees of superficial scarring with pathological features in early lesions of a necrotising lymphocytic folliculitis. A perceived diminishing interest in this entity in recent years prompted a prospective study of patients presenting to a dermatology practice over a 3‐year period to reassess the prevalence of this disorder in general dermatological patients, leading to the identification of 47 patients (35 female) with features of acne necrotica, with histopathology undertaken in atypical cases. We identified the importance of the recognition of primary lesions (1–2 mm umbilicated erythematous papules), often difficult to find in excoriated areas, as being paramount in the diagnosis both clinically and histologically in our study, which reveals a significantly more prevalent and clinically diverse disorder than featured in previous textbook and academic journal descriptions.
Sex steroid hormones in relation to Barrett's esophagus: an analysis of theFINBARStudy
Authors: Cook M. B. , Wood S. , Hyland P. L. , Caron P. , Drahos J. , Falk R. T. , Pfeiffer R. M. , Dawsey S. M. , Abnet C. C. , Taylor P. R. , Guillemette C. , Murray L. J. , Anderson L. A. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryPreviously, we observed strong positive associations between circulating concentrations of free testosterone and free dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in relation to Barrett's esophagus in aUSmale military population. To replicate these findings, we conducted a second study of sex steroid hormones and Barrett's esophagus in the Factors Influencing the Barrett/Adenocarcinoma Relationship (FINBAR) Study based in Northern Ireland and Ireland. We used mass spectrometry to quantitateEDTAplasma concentrations of nine sex steroid hormones andELISAto quantitate sex hormone‐binding globulin in 177 male Barrett's esophagus cases and 185 male general population controls within theFINBARStudy. Free testosterone, freeDHT, and free estradiol were estimated using standard formulas. Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of associations between exposures and Barrett's esophagus. While plasma hormone and sex hormone‐binding globulin concentrations were not associated with all cases of Barrett's esophagus, we did observe positive associations with estrogens in younger men (e.g. estrone + estradiolORcontinuous per ½IQR = 2.92, 95%CI:1.08, 7.89), and free androgens in men with higher waist‐to‐hip ratios (e.g. free testosteroneORcontinuous per ½IQR = 2.71, 95%CI:1.06, 6.92). Stratification by body mass index, antireflux medications, and geographic location did not materially affect the results. This study found evidence for associations between circulating sex steroid hormones and Barrett's esophagus in younger men and men with higher waist‐to‐hip ratios. Further studies are necessary to elucidate whether sex steroid hormones are consistently associated with esophageal adenocarcinogenesis.
AdVance male urethral sling: medium‐term results in an Australian cohort
Authors: Papachristos Alexander , Mann Sarah , Talbot Kay , Moon Daniel 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundSince 2008, the AdVance male urethral sling has emerged as a minimally invasive option for stress urinary incontinence. We aimed to evaluate the success of the AdVance sling using validated continence outcome measures.MethodsA total of 72 patients treated with the AdVance sling completed validated questionnaires reporting on quality of life and functional outcomes. Incontinence was assessed according to pad weight, pad usage per day (PPD), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire scores and Patient Global Impression of Improvement scores.ResultsAt a median 52‐month follow‐up, 37 (51%) patients were pad free or used a security pad; 18 (25%) used ≥50% fewer PPDs; and the remaining 17 (24%) patients were classified as ‘failed’. According to pad weights, 27 (38%) patients were dry; 32 (44%) had mild incontinence (<100 mL/day); and 13 (18%) had moderate (100–400 mL/day) or severe (>400 mL/day) incontinence. Patient satisfaction was high, with 57 (79%) very much or much better, six (8%) somewhat better and only nine (13%) unchanged or worse. There was a trend of declining continence over time, although the majority remained improved. Patients with severe preoperative incontinence performed significantly worse postoperatively (P = 0.02), as did those who had had prior pelvic radiotherapy (P = 0.02).ConclusionsThe AdVance sling offers a high rate of success for the treatment of mild to moderate post‐prostatectomy incontinence according to PPD; however, when using objective measures of continence, the success rates are lower. The improvement in urinary control is largely durable over the medium term; however, they may decline beyond 4 years. Reduced efficacy is seen in those with a history of radiotherapy and severe incontinence, although the majority of these men are still improved with surgery.
Pancreatoduodenectomy and the risk of complications from perioperative fluid administration
Authors: Gill Preetjote , Chua Terence C. , Huang Yeqian , Mehta Shreya , Mittal Anubhav , Gill Anthony J. , Samra Jaswinder S. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThe dogma of administering sufficient intravenous fluids aggressively to avoid under‐resuscitation has recently been challenged. Evidence suggests that excessive perioperative fluid administration may be associated with negative clinical outcomes in gastrointestinal surgery. This study examines the impact of fluid administration on perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).MethodsA retrospective analysis of 202 patients undergoing PD between January 2004 and August 2015 was performed. A cut‐off value of 10 mL/kg/h was applied (low fluid group: <10 mL/kg/h versus high fluid group: ≥10 mL/kg/h).ResultsThere were 76 patients in the low fluid group and 126 patients in the high fluid group. Both groups had comparable age, American Society of Anesthesiologists score and preoperative morbidity rates. Patients in the high fluid group received significantly more total fluids, crystalloids and colloids intraoperatively (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001 and P = 0.013, respectively) without a significant difference in estimated blood loss (P = 0.586). The net fluid balance on post‐operative day 0 was also significantly higher in the high fluid group (P < 0.0001). The mortality rate was 0% in the cohort. Major morbidity rate was 46.1% and 44.4% in low and high fluid groups, respectively (P = 0.836). Reoperation rate was 5.3% for the low fluid group and 1.6% for the high fluid group (P = 0.136). There were no significant differences between the groups for any of the individual complications.ConclusionThis study did not identify a difference in post‐operative outcomes between the low and high fluid regime in patients undergoing PD.
Term twin birth – impact of mode of delivery on outcome
Authors: Ylilehto Elina , Palomäki Outi , Huhtala Heini , Uotila Jukka 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe main aims of this study were to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes in term twin birth according to the planned mode of delivery and to study the effects of chorionicity and inter‐twin delivery time on neonatal outcome.Material and methodsA single‐center cohort study of 495 women with twin deliveries at ≥37+0 weeks of gestation. Term twin deliveries were divided into a trial of labor group (TOL, 69.3%) and a planned cesarean section (CS) group (30.7%). The primary outcomes were maternal and neonatal morbidity.Results80.8% of women attempting TOL achieved vaginal birth. In the TOL group, mothers had less bleeding [median 500 mL (range 150–2700 mL) vs. 950 mL (range 150–3500 mL), p < 0.001) and fewer surgical complications (3.2% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.011), whereas second twins more often had five‐minute Apgar scores of <7 (5.0% vs. 0%, p = 0.002) or umbilical artery pH < 7.05 (5.7% vs. 0%, p = 0.003), compared with the planned CS group. There was a slight, non‐significant tendency for more NICU admissions in the TOL group, yet the need for NICU treatment was infrequent in the whole study material. Outcomes among dichorionic (DC) second twins were similar to those in the whole material, but among monochorionic (MC) second twins there were no differences between the TOL and planned CS groups. In secondary analysis, a five‐minute Apgar score <7 occurred significantly more often in the DC group among second twins if the inter‐twin delivery time exceeded 30 min.ConclusionsTOL is a good option for women with twin pregnancy at term, regardless of chorionicity. Active management of labor for the second twin is important, also in DC births. Maternal outcomes were more favorable with TOL and although low Apgar scores and low umbilical blood pH may be more frequent after TOL – especially with the second twin – serious neonatal morbidity is rare and does not differ from that after planned CS.
Efficacy of a morantel–abamectin combination for the treatment of resistant ascarids in foals
Authors: Wilkes EJA , McConaghy FF , Thompson RL , Dawson K , Sangster NC , Hughes KJ 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThis study was performed to investigate the efficacy of a morantel–abamectin combination for the treatment of macrocyclic lactone (ML)‐resistant Parascaris spp. infections in foals.MethodsFoals on five properties with a Parascaris faecal egg count (FEC) > 50 eggs per gram were used to estimate the FEC reduction (FECR) and efficacy of the anthelmintic combination.Results & ConclusionOn all properties, resistance to ivermectin and abamectin was present and the Parascaris FECR in foals administered the morantel–abamectin combination was > 99%, indicating that this combination effectively controlled ML‐resistant parasites.
Early signal of diverted use of tropicamide eye drops in France
Authors: Ponté Camille , Pi Christian , Palmaro Aurore , Jouanjus Emilie , Lapeyre‐Mestre Maryse ,   on behalf of the French Addictovigilance Network
Published: February 2017

AimsTropicamide is a mydriatic drug used as eye‐drops for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. From 2013, a diverted use by intravenous route has been suspected in Eastern Europe in opioids users. To date, no signal of misuse has been identified in France. The aims of this study were to investigate any early signals of a diverted use of tropicamide eye drops and to collect information regarding motives for the misuse and tropicamide‐induced effects.MethodsInformation was obtained at three levels: (1) at regional level (Midi‐Pyrénées area), from reimbursement data and pharmacists’ reports on suspicious requests; (2) at national level: from reimbursement data and prescriptions suggesting possible abuse from the OSIAP (Ordonnances Suspectes, Indicateur d'Abus Possible) survey; and (3) at international level: from VigiBase® reports and Web sources. Beta‐blocker eye‐drops were used as comparators.ResultsIn France, in 2014–2015, 17 (0.91%, 95% CI [0.53–1.46%]) falsified prescriptions involving tropicamide were identified in the OSIAP survey (compared with 0%, 95% CI [0–0.19%] for beta‐blockers). Moreover, 37 other suspicious prescriptions were presented in 2015 (notified in 2016). In Midi‐Pyrénées, seven patients aged 35–49 were reimbursed for 19–45 vials of 10 ml, in a year. Since September 2014, the regional Addictovigilance Centre has received 91 notifications of suspicious requests to obtain tropicamide. In VigiBase®, two cases were identified but none in France. An increased interest in tropicamide‐related Internet searches was observed from Russia and Ukraine.ConclusionsThese results represent the first early warnings of a tropicamide diverted use in France. Tropicamide abusers would seek euphoria or hallucinations. The high doses involved in intravenous administration could lead to serious complications.
Prognostic significance of flow‐cytometry evaluation of minimal residual disease in children with acute myeloid leukaemia treated according to the AIEOP‐AML 2002/01 study protocol
Authors: Buldini Barbara , Rizzati Frida , Masetti Riccardo , Fagioli Franca , Menna Giuseppe , Micalizzi Concetta , Putti Maria Caterina , Rizzari Carmelo , Santoro Nicola , Zecca Marco , Disarò Silvia , Rondelli Roberto , Merli Pietro , Pigazzi Martina , Pession Andrea , Locatelli Franco , Basso Giuseppe 
Published: February 2017

SummaryIn children with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), assessment of initial treatment response is an essential prognostic factor; methods more sensitive than morphology are still under evaluation. We report on the measurement of minimal residual disease (MRD), by multicolour flow‐cytometry in one centralized laboratory, in 142 children with newly diagnosed AML enrolled in the Associazione Italiana di EmatoOncologia Pediatrica‐AML 2002/01 trial. At the end of the first induction course, MRD was <0·1% in 69, 0·1–1% in 16 and >1% in 51 patients. The 8‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) of 125 children in morphological complete remission and with MRD <0·1%, 0·1–1% and ≥1% was 73·1 ± 5·6%, 37·8 ± 12·1% and 34·1 ± 8·8%, respectively (P < 0·01). MRD was also available after the second induction course in 92/142 patients. MRD was ≥0·1% at the end of the first induction course in 36 patients; 13 reached an MRD <0·1% after the second one and their DFS was 45·4 ± 16·7% vs. 22·8 ± 8·9% in patients with persisting MRD ≥0·1% (P = 0·037). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that MRD ≥0·1% after first induction course was, together with a monosomal karyotype, an independent adverse prognostic factor for DFS. Our results show that MRD detected by flow‐cytometry after induction therapy predicts outcome in patients with childhood AML and can help stratifying post‐remission treatment.
Transient Receptor Potential Cation Channel Subfamily M Member 8 channels mediate the anti‐inflammatory effects of eucalyptol
Authors: Caceres Ana I , Liu Boyi , Jabba Sairam V , Achanta Satyanarayana , Morris John B , Jordt Sven‐Eric 
Published: February 2017

Background and PurposeEucalyptol (1,8‐cineol), the major ingredient in the essential oil of eucalyptus leaves and other medicinal plants, has long been known for its anti‐inflammatory properties. Eucalyptol interacts with the TRP cation channels among other targets, but it is unclear which of these mediates its anti‐inflammatory effects.Experimental ApproachEffects of eucalyptol were compared in wild‐type and TRPM8 channel‐deficient mice in two different models: footpad inflammation elicited by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and pulmonary inflammation following administration of LPS. Oedema formation, behavioural inflammatory pain responses, leukocyte infiltration, enzyme activities and cytokine and chemokine levels were measured.Key ResultsIn the CFA model, eucalyptol strongly attenuated oedema and mechanical allodynia and reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, TNF‐α and IL‐6), effects comparable with those of ibuprofen. In the LPS model of pulmonary inflammation, eucalyptol treatment diminished leukocyte infiltration, myeloperoxidase activity and production of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IFN‐γ and IL‐6. Genetic deletion of TRPM8 channels abolished the anti‐inflammatory effects of eucalyptol in both models. Eucalyptol was at least sixfold more potent on human, than on mouse TRPM8 channels. A metabolite of eucalyptol, 2‐hydroxy‐1,8‐cineol, also activated human TRPM8 channels.Conclusion and ImplicationsAmong the pharmacological targets of eucalyptol, TRPM8 channels were essential for its anti‐inflammatory effects in mice. Human TRPM8 channels are more sensitive to eucalyptol than rodent TRPM8 channels explaining the higher potency of eucalyptol in humans. Metabolites of eucalyptol could contribute to its anti‐inflammatory effects. The development of more potent and selective TRPM8 agonists may yield novel anti‐inflammatory agents.
The technical efficiency of oral healthcare provision: Evaluating role substitution in National Health Service dental practices in England
Authors: Hill Harry , Birch Stephen , Tickle Martin , McDonald Ruth , Brocklehurst Paul 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectivesIn many countries increasing use is being made of dental care professionals (DCPs) to provide aspects of clinical activity previously undertaken by dentists. This study evaluates the differences in practice efficiency associated with the utilisation of DCPs in the provision of General Dental Services in the National Health Service (NHS) in England.MethodsOne hundred twenty‐one NHS practices completed a questionnaire and shared practice information held at the NHS Business Services Authority. Practice efficiency was estimated using data envelopment analysis with the robustness of the findings checked using Stochastic Frontier Model estimation.ResultsDental practices operated at an estimated mean level of technical efficiency of 64%. Variations among practices in the use of DCPs were not associated with variations in practice efficiency after controlling for other staffing levels, patient population characteristics and practice variables.ConclusionsThe current NHS dental contract limits the potential for efficiency improvements by setting annual practice activity targets that produce little incentive for role substitution. Whilst DCPs may by practising efficiently, this is not reflected in practice‐level efficiency, possibly because of dentists using the time released for other non‐NHS activity.
Using environmental heterogeneity to plan for sea‐level rise
Authors: Hunter Elizabeth A. , Nibbelink Nathan P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEnvironmental heterogeneity is increasingly being used to select conservation areas that will provide for future biodiversity under a variety of climate scenarios. This approach, termed conserving nature's stage (CNS), assumes environmental features respond to climate change more slowly than biological communities, but will CNS be effective if the stage were to change as rapidly as the climate? We tested the effectiveness of using CNS to select sites in salt marshes for conservation in coastal Georgia (U.S.A.), where environmental features will change rapidly as sea level rises. We calculated species diversity based on distributions of 7 bird species with a variety of niches in Georgia salt marshes. Environmental heterogeneity was assessed across six landscape gradients (e.g., elevation, salinity, and patch area). We used 2 approaches to select sites with high environmental heterogeneity: site complementarity (environmental diversity [ED]) and local environmental heterogeneity (environmental richness [ER]). Sites selected based on ER predicted present‐day species diversity better than randomly selected sites (up to an 8.1% improvement), were resilient to areal loss from SLR (1.0% average areal loss by 2050 compared with 0.9% loss of randomly selected sites), and provided habitat to a threatened species (0.63 average occupancy compared with 0.6 average occupancy of randomly selected sites). Sites selected based on ED predicted species diversity no better or worse than random and were not resilient to SLR (2.9% average areal loss by 2050). Despite the discrepancy between the 2 approaches, CNS is a viable strategy for conservation site selection in salt marshes because the ER approach was successful. It has potential for application in other coastal areas where SLR will affect environmental features, but its performance may depend on the magnitude of geological changes caused by SLR. Our results indicate that conservation planners that had heretofore excluded low‐lying coasts from CNS planning could include coastal ecosystems in regional conservation strategies.
Underrecognized clinical features of folliculotropic mycosis fungoides: a large clinical series
Authors: Baykal Can , Atci Tugba , Ozturk Sari Sule , Polat Ekinci Algun , Buyukbabani Nesimi 
Published: February 2017

SummaryBackground and ObjectiveA rare variant of mycosis fungoides (MF), folliculotropic MF (FMF) is characterized by a broad clinical spectrum that primarily includes follicle‐based lesions but also many atypical clinical manifestations. The objective of the present study was to conduct a clinical analysis of patients with FMF, with a particular focus on highlighting underrecognized dermatological features.Patients and MethodsOverall, 27 FMF patients enrolled in our department';s MF registry, which includes 572 patients, were retrospectively reevaluated with regard to demographics, clinical features, treatment modalities, follow‐up, and outcomes.ResultsBesides the well‐known clinical features of FMF, we found lichen spinulosus‐like lesions in association with hypopigmentation (n = 3) and alopecia (n = 2), infiltrated/elevated erythematous facial plaques initially considered to be lupus tumidus (n = 2), pseudotumoral lesions clinically mimicking tumor‐stage MF (n = 1), persistent excoriations (n = 1) and erythematous facial papules mimicking rosacea (n = 1), as well as white dome‐shaped asymptomatic papules/nodules filled with mucin (on histology) (n = 2) that overlay other disease‐related lesions. Various therapeutic methods were used with variable results. Eight (29.6 %) patients had late‐stage disease.ConclusionsAwareness of underrecognized clinical manifestations may be key to reducing delayed diagnosis of this aggressive MF variant.
Etanercept, adalimumab, and ustekinumab in psoriasis: analysis of 209 treatment series in Austria
Authors: Richter Leo , Vujic Igor , Sesti Alma , Monshi Babak , Sanlorenzo Martina , Posch Christian , Rappersberger Klemens 
Published: February 2017

SummaryBackground and objectivesWidely used in the treatment of psoriasis, biologics have been tested in numerous clinical trials. However, drug efficacies and adverse events (AEs) may differ in ‘real‐world’ patients as they do not undergo as rigorous selection and monitoring. Our objective was to examine drug survival, efficacy, and AEs (quality, time of onset) in ‘real‐world’ psoriasis patients treated with etanercept, adalimumab, and ustekinumab.Patients and methodsRetrospective data analysis (Jan 1, 2004 to Jun 30, 2015) of patients treated at a psoriasis clinic in an Austrian hospital. All patients who had received at least one dose of etanercept, adalimumab, or ustekinumab were included in the analysis. We analyzed: demographics, drug survival, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), as well as quality and time of onset of AEs.ResultsIn 209 treatment series, the estimated median drug survival varied among the various treatments: 21 months (SE: 6.9) for etanercept, 61 months (SE: 9.4) for adalimumab, and 65 months (SE 1.4) for ustekinumab. Male gender and pretreatment with a biologic were positive predictors of longer drug survival in adalimumab. We found no significant difference in drug efficacy as determined by PASI.ConclusionsMost AEs occur during the first year of treatment. Adalimumab and ustekinumab are marked by longer drug survival compared to etanercept.