bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coincidence indices of sublattices and coincidences of colorings
Authors: Loquias Manuel Joseph C. , Zeiner Peter 
Published: December 2015

AbstractEven though a lattice and its sublattices have the same group of coincidence isometries, the coincidence index of a coincidence isometry with respect to a lattice Λ1and to a sublattice Λ2may differ. Here, we examine the coloring of Λ1induced by Λ2to identify how the coincidence indices with respect to Λ1and to Λ2are related. This leads to a generalization of the notion of color symmetries of lattices to what we call color coincidences of lattices. Examples involving the cubic and hypercubic lattices are given to illustrate these ideas.
Parental Monitoring and Its Associations With Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Dittus Patricia J. , Michael Shannon L. , Becasen Jeffrey S. , Gloppen Kari M. , McCarthy Katharine , Guilamo-Ramos Vincent 
Published: December 2015

CONTEXT:
Increasingly, health care providers are using approaches targeting parents in an effort to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health. Research is needed to elucidate areas in which providers can target adolescents and parents effectively. Parental monitoring offers one such opportunity, given consistent protective associations with adolescent sexual risk behavior. However, less is known about which components of monitoring are most effective and most suitable for provider-initiated family-based interventions.

OBJECTIVE:
We performed a meta-analysis to assess the magnitude of association between parental monitoring and adolescent sexual intercourse, condom use, and contraceptive use.

DATA SOURCES:
We conducted searches of Medline, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycInfo, Cochrane, the Education Resources Information Center, Social Services Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts, Proquest, and Google Scholar.

STUDY SELECTION:
We selected studies published from 1984 to 2014 that were written in English, included adolescents, and examined relationships between parental monitoring and sexual behavior.

DATA EXTRACTION:
We extracted effect size data to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) by using a mixed-effects model.

RESULTS:
Higher overall monitoring (pooled OR, 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69–0.80), monitoring knowledge (pooled OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.73–0.90), and rule enforcement (pooled OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.59–0.75) were associated with delayed sexual intercourse. Higher overall monitoring (pooled OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01–1.24) and monitoring knowledge (pooled OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.01–1.31) were associated with greater condom use. Finally, higher overall monitoring was associated with increased contraceptive use (pooled OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.09–1.86), as was monitoring knowledge (pooled OR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.42–3.63).

LIMITATIONS:
Effect sizes were not uniform across studies, and most studies were cross-sectional.

CONCLUSIONS:
Provider-initiated family-based interventions focused on parental monitoring represent a novel mechanism for enhancing adolescent sexual and reproductive health.
Cost-Utility of a Prognostic Test Guiding Adjuvant Chemotherapy Decisions in Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Stenehjem David D. , Bellows Brandon K. , Yager Kraig M. , Jones Joshua , Kaldate Rajesh , Siebert Uwe , Brixner Diana I. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background.
A prognostic test was developed to guide adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) decisions in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) adenocarcinomas. The objective of this study was to compare the cost-utility of the prognostic test to the current standard of care (SoC) in patients with early-stage NSCLC.

Materials and Methods.
Lifetime costs (2014 U.S. dollars) and effectiveness (quality-adjusted life-years [QALYs]) of ACT treatment decisions were examined using a Markov microsimulation model from a U.S. third-party payer perspective. Cancer stage distribution and probability of receiving ACT with the SoC were based on data from an academic cancer center. The probability of receiving ACT with the prognostic test was estimated from a physician survey. Risk classification was based on the 5-year predicted NSCLC-related mortality. Treatment benefit with ACT was based on the prognostic score. Discounting at a 3% annual rate was applied to costs and QALYs. Deterministic one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses examined parameter uncertainty.

Results.
Lifetime costs and effectiveness were $137,403 and 5.45 QALYs with the prognostic test and $127,359 and 5.17 QALYs with the SoC. The resulting incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for the prognostic test versus the SoC was $35,867/QALY gained. One-way sensitivity analyses indicated the model was most sensitive to the utility of patients without recurrence after ACT and the ACT treatment benefit. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated the prognostic test was cost-effective in 65.5% of simulations at a willingness to pay of $50,000/QALY.

Conclusion.
The study suggests using a prognostic test to guide ACT decisions in early-stage NSCLC is potentially cost-effective compared with using the SoC based on globally accepted willingness-to-pay thresholds.
Circulating Tumor Cells, DNA, and mRNA: Potential for Clinical Utility in Patients With Melanoma
Authors: Xu Melody J. , Dorsey Jay F. , Amaravadi Ravi , Karakousis Giorgos , Simone Charles B. , Xu Xiaowei , Xu Wei , Carpenter Erica L. , Schuchter Lynn , Kao Gary D. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA), collectively termed circulating tumor products (CTPs), represent areas of immense interest from scientists’ and clinicians’ perspectives. In melanoma, CTP analysis may have clinical utility in many areas, from screening and diagnosis to clinical decision-making aids, as surveillance biomarkers or sources of real-time genetic or molecular characterization. In addition, CTP analysis can be useful in the discovery of new biomarkers, patterns of treatment resistance, and mechanisms of metastasis development. Here, we compare and contrast CTCs, ctDNA, and mRNA, review the extent of translational evidence to date, and discuss how future studies involving both scientists and clinicians can help to further develop this tool for the benefit of melanoma patients.
Presenting the L2 User: Considerations on foreign language psychology and teaching
Authors: Arau-Ribeiro María del Carmen 
Published: December 2015

Given the lack of self-confidence and diversified learning strategies identified in foreign language learners in Portugal, this paper proposes a solution that mediates the needs of both students and teachers. The introduction of a teaching perspective that treats students as users of the language instead of separating native speakers from language learners could benefit students in a number of ways, beginning with increased self-esteem and self-respect. L2 users (the students) taught in this way are not seen as having an L2 deficit but rather are celebrated for the knowledge they possess in not just one but two (or even more) languages. They also learn to value their own multicompetence and how to acquire new approaches to learning, in general and for language learning, as well as toward acquiring skills for self-assessment. For the teacher, this approach is also beneficial given the breadth of possibilities for new positioning in the classroom; the teacher’s role can be transformed into that of a more dynamic facilitator and strategist for getting the students to truly use their multicompetence. This perspective also sheds the terrible practice of classifying the non-native language teacher as less capable, withdrawing the prohibition of use of the L2 in the classroom and honouring the cognitive flexibility and linguistic resources used in interlanguage, language transfer and interculturality. Working with L2 users also pays special heed to the teacher’s ability to put L2 users in situations that provide real opportunities to use the target language. This approach, considering the L2 users in all their abilities, goes a long way in reducing the fear of a foreign language, the unknown, to motivate students to recall the knowledge they already possess which serves as the basis for constructing new competences with the appropriate level of support so that, later, their competences can continue to grow autonomously.
Intervención logopédica sobre la comprensión lectora en una adolescente con síndrome de Down
Authors: Sacido-López Samuel 
Published: December 2015

Las personas con síndrome de Down presentan diferentes dificultades asociadas al síndrome, como alteraciones del sistema nervioso, del desarrollo psicomotor, socioafectivo, del lenguaje y cognitivo, además de discapacidad intelectual, la cual puede dar lugar a dificultades de aprendizaje. Entre las dificultades más frecuentes se encuentran los problemas en el aprendizaje de la lectura y en la comprensión lectora. En la actualidad, la investigación muestra que la comprensión lectora en el síndrome de Down no depende de un único factor, dado que la comprensión de lo escuchado, la memoria inmediata, la memoria a largo plazo y la carga de procesamiento de la memoria verbal actúan directamente sobre esta variable. En este estudio participó una adolescente de 17 años y 11 meses de edad diagnosticada de síndrome de Down, que presentaba dificultades en la comprensión lectora. El trabajo se desarrolló a lo largo de tres fases: la primera fase consistió en una evaluación previa a la intervención; en la segunda fase se realizó un programa de intervención previamente diseñado a partir de los resultados de la fase de evaluación con el objetivo de estimular la comprensión lectora; y una última fase en la que se realizó una evaluación posterior a la intervención para conocer y valorar los resultados de la intervención. Los datos obtenidos muestran una mejora en la comprensión lectora, sin embargo, no se produjeron cambios entre las dos fases de evaluación a nivel de la comprensión oral. Tras el análisis de los resultados se concluye que la intervención dirigida a la estimulación de la comprensión lectora en personas con síndrome de Down resulta positiva para mejorar tanto los resultados a nivel académico, personal y social. Se recomienda implementar programas para mejorar la lectura y la comprensión lectora a lo largo del curso académico, con el fin de fortalecer y generalizar los resultados obtenidos con este programa.
Un análisis de las relaciones entre funciones ejecutivas, lenguaje y habilidades matemáticas
Authors: Risso Alicia , García Manuel , Durán Montserrat , Brenlla Juan Carlos , Peralbo Manuel , Barca Alfonso 
Published: December 2015

El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar la relación existente entre un conjunto de variables cognitivo-lingüísticas, como son la conciencia fonológica, la competencia lectora y matemática, y las funciones ejecutivas en las etapas iniciales de escolarización. Tanto las variables cognitivas como las lingüísticas analizadas tienen una alta dependencia de las funciones ejecutivas que permiten la planificación y supervisión intencional del comportamiento. Dos de los procesos más importantes implicados son los que nuclean el modelo de Miyake. Determinar la influencia que estos procesos de arriba-abajo tienen sobre el rendimiento cognitivo-lingüístico puede ser un objetivo interesante desde el punto de vista de la evaluación de las dificultades de aprendizaje en la escuela. Con la finalidad de hacer un estudio exploratorio se seleccionaron 16 niños y niñas 2º de Educación Primaria de un colegio público con edades comprendidas entre los 7 y 8 años. Los datos sobre conciencia fonológica y competencia lectora fueron obtenidos a través del LOLEVA, los relacionados con las Funciones ejecutivas se obtuvieron a través del CHEXI cubierto por el profesorado, y el índice de competencia matemática (ICM) se obtuvo a través del TEMA-3. Los resultados muestran que tanto las medidas cognitivas, como las lingüísticas tienen una alta correlación con las funciones ejecutivas evaluadas, pero no en todas las tareas ni con el mismo peso. De igual modo, entre las medidas de los dominios lingüístico y matemático parecen existir relaciones claramente significativas, posiblemente mediadas por su dependencia básica de las funciones ejecutivas.
(Des)disciplinarização da avaliação: uma experiência na Educação a Distância
Authors: Stano Rita de Cássia M. T. , Rodrigues Alessandra 
Published: December 2015

Refletir sobre a avaliação, efetivamente, avaliando, é um caminho que permitirá uma teorização articulada com o desvelamento da própria prática. Parte-se do pressuposto de que avaliação é conquista e construção, faceta ativa e crítica, onde a recriação da ação ocorre pelo diálogo. Este trabalho apresenta o resultado de um exercício conjunto de reflexão e prática acerca do processo avaliativo instituído num curso de especialização a distância em Gestão de Pessoas e Projetos Sociais de 2007-2014 e realizado de maneira coletiva, criativa e participativa. O referido curso está organizado em 4 módulos, a saber: a) Núcleo Básico, com disciplinas que tem por objetivo garantir conceitos básicos acerca dos processos de gestão; b) Núcleo Gestão de Pessoas, que trabalha com as especificidades da gestão organizacional; c) Núcleo Gestão de Projetos Sociais, que enfoca aspectos específicos de Projetos Sociais. Ao final de cada módulo há um encontro presencial em que se realizam avaliações interdisciplinares. As avaliações interdisciplinares são atividades propostas e desenvolvidas em dois momentos: um momento individual, que prepara os alunos para o encontro e para o segundo momento, de realização da atividade avaliativa desenvolvida em pequenos grupos. São interdisciplinares porque não se baseiam nas especificidades de cada disciplina, mas visam a averiguar a capacidade de inter-relação de conceitos, teorias e práticas estudadas em cada conteúdo, em contextos apresentados e que são, naturalmente, eivados de interdisciplinaridade. As questões propostas em cada encontro, referentes a cada módulo do curso, são elaboradas cuidadosa e criativamente, a fim de propiciar modos de aplicação efetiva do estudado em situações fictícias, porém, correspondentes a determinadas realidades do mundo do trabalho. Há uma variedade de temas e de propostas (elaboração de programas fictícios de rádio, organização hipotética de cursos de capacitação em empresas, estudos de caso, criação de projetos sociais para um contexto específico vinculado às cidades onde se situam os polos de apoio ao curso, etc) que permitem avaliar competências e habilidades centrais para a formação de um especialista em Gestão de Pessoas e de Projetos Sociais. Resultante desse processo avaliativo, corrigido de forma também interdisciplinar (todos os professores juntos, efetuando leituras e análise conjuntas dos trabalhos realizados pelos alunos), percebe-se o desenvolvimento da capacidade dos alunos de reagrupar conceitos e teorias estudados nas disciplinas de cada módulo em um contexto articulado com a prática. A experiência de elaboração, aplicação e análise de resultados mostra o compromisso assumido com a própria realidade, desnudando a experiência, revelando-a enquanto obra e construção coletiva. Ocorre, pois, uma (des)disciplinarização correspondente às exigências da inserção do profissional no mundo do trabalho. É a avaliação com caráter interdisciplinar favorecendo releituras, interações teórico-práticas e reaprendizagem global.
A Perceção sobre a avaliação externa e o seu impacto nos resultados escolares
Authors: Ferreira Filipa Maria Patrão , De-Sousa Maria Celeste 
Published: December 2015

Num universo tão complexo como é a escola, a avaliação constitui, atualmente, uma das prioridades de política educativa, está na ordem do dia em vários domínios, nomeadamente, na educação. É incontestável que os sistemas educativos são cada vez mais responsabilizados e avaliados, em função das capacidades para responder adequadamente às exigências e aos problemas da sociedade. A avaliação educacional tem uma centralidade nos discursos e nas ações políticas, para além de uma visibilidade social considerável. Assim, e de acordo com alguns autores, a avaliação de escolas, quer na sua vertente externa, quer interna, move-se no sentido de melhorar as práticas, melhorar o ensino e a aprendizagem, com a pretensão de gerar impacto na melhoria dos resultados dos alunos, no processo educativo e apresenta-se como essencial para que as escolas melhorem e se desenvolvam. No Contexto educativo Português, o Programa de Avaliação Externa de escolas, assume o objetivo preponderante de promover a articulação dos contributos da avaliação externa e a capacidade das escolas fomentarem e reforçarem uma interpelação sistemática sobre a qualidade das suas práticas e dos seus resultados, no sentido de reforçarem a capacidade de desenvolverem a sua autonomia. Nesse sentido, a presente comunicação, que resulta de um trabalho de investigação no âmbito de um Doutoramento, tem como objectivo dar a conhecer o referido estudo. A questão basilar que orientou esta investigação foi a de compreender em que medida a Avaliação Externadas Escolas contribui para a melhoria organizacional dos agrupamentos de escolas. O estudo foi delimitado aos 68 agrupamentos, o universo dos agrupamentos de escolas do Minho do Norte de Portugal , com uma amostra final de 314 professores, dos quais 53 são diretores de agrupamentos de escolas. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho foi mista. Os resultados revelaram, entre outros, que o Modelo de Avaliação Externa é complexo, valoriza muito os resultados escolares, não contempla os contextos socioeconómicos das escolas na avaliação e não contribui para que estas desenvolvam a sua autonomia.
Discussion on Energy-Saving Design Measures of HVAC
Authors: Hou Lianjian 
Published: December 2015

<p>With continual increase of people's living quality requirements, the demand for buildings with HVAC systems is growing. As energy shortage intensifies today, EEBs (Energy-efficient Buildings) are becoming the main trend of future developments in the construction industry. Therefore, further improving HVAC energy-saving measures is a particularly important task and is the key issue being examined by current HVAC designers. This study starts with analyzing existing problems in energy-saving design of HVAC, and proposes some views and recommendations for HVAC energy-saving design method, as well as reasonable choices of parameters for HVAC systems such as energy-saving design of cooling and heating ventilation, energy-saving design of hot and cold water systems, and optimum heat recovery design of HVAC systems, in order to reduce buildings’ energy consumption and to improve energy efficiency for energy-saving purposes. </p>
Sedimentological characterization of Antarctic moraines using UAVs and Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry
Authors: Westoby Matthew J. , Dunning Stuart A. , Woodward John , Hein Andrew S. , Marrero Shasta M. , Winter Kate , Sugden David E. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn glacial environments particle-size analysis of moraines provides insights into clast origin, transport history, depositional mechanism and processes of reworking. Traditional methods for grain-size classification are labour-intensive, physically intrusive and are limited to patch-scale (1 m2) observation. We develop emerging, high-resolution ground- and unmanned aerial vehicle-based ‘Structure-from-Motion’ (UAV-SfM) photogrammetry to recover grain-size information across a moraine surface in the Heritage Range, Antarctica. SfM data products were benchmarked against equivalent datasets acquired using terrestrial laser scanning, and were found to be accurate to within 1.7 and 50 mm for patch- and site-scale modelling, respectively. Grain-size distributions were obtained through digital grain classification, or ‘photo-sieving’, of patch-scale SfM orthoimagery. Photo-sieved distributions were accurate to <2 mm compared to control distributions derived from dry-sieving. A relationship between patch-scale median grain size and the standard deviation of local surface elevations was applied to a site-scale UAV-SfM model to facilitate upscaling and the production of a spatially continuous map of the median grain size across a 0.3 km2area of moraine. This highly automated workflow for site-scale sedimentological characterization eliminates much of the subjectivity associated with traditional methods and forms a sound basis for subsequent glaciological process interpretation and analysis.
Etudes des bases tournées gallo-romaines du musée de Bavay
Authors: Vanbrugghe Nathalie 
Published: December 2015

Deze studie behandelt een reeks van 18 voetstukken van Gallo-Romeinse zuilen met effen schacht, gevonden te Bavay.
Voor de publicatie van dit ongewoon materiaal werd een klassificatie gebruikt die steunt op de numerieke criteria. Zodoende werden tegelijk de eenheidsmaat (modulus) en de types van profileren duidelijk in het licht gesteld : de onderlinge verschillen berusten minder op de structuur van het lijstwerk dan wel op de verhoudingen tussen de stukken.
Deze studie laat bovendien toe sommige technische aspecten in overweging te nemen die verband houden met het probleem van het glad maken van de zuilen.
Effects of habitat degradation, microsite, and seed density on the persistence of two native herbs in a subtropical shrubland
Authors: Stephens Elizabeth L. , Quintana‐Ascencio Pedro F. 
Published: December 2015

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Species in degraded ecosystems may interact differently with their surroundings from those under historic conditions. Understanding factors affecting variation in early life history stages of plants is fundamental to assessing their persistence in intact and degraded habitats, and the value of degraded lands. We evaluated the effect of seed density on the seed dynamics of two herbaceous species (annual, biennial), and considered how seed availability may influence population dynamics in different habitats (degraded, intact Florida scrub) and microsites (bare sand, leaf litter, shrub).METHODS:We used data on responses to experimental treatments (seed removal, seedling emergence, establishment) and models to evaluate how effects of these factors may change over time since the last disturbance.KEY RESULTS:Probability of any seed removal, emergence, and establishment per unit increased with seed density, although proportion removal for Chamaecrista fasciculata, proportion emergence for Balduina angustifolia, and proportion establishment for both species decreased with density. When animals were given selective access to seeds, invertebrates were primarily responsible for seed removal of both study species. Models with dynamics changing with time‐since‐disturbance for both species predicted that population growth may decrease slightly if local available seed density increases.CONCLUSIONS:Detailed demographic comparisons of populations in intact and degraded conditions can be used to understand the way that environmental conditions (habitat, microsite) combine with seed density effects to influence population dynamics of herb species. Degraded habitat may act as a transitional state in a trajectory toward intact conditions for some species, or as refugia for other native species.