bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAINT COSMOS AGNs AT z ∼ 3.3. I. BLACK HOLE PROPERTIES AND CONSTRAINTS ON EARLY BLACK HOLE GROWTH
Authors: Trakhtenbrot B. , Civano F. , Urry C. Megan , Schawinski K. , Marchesi S. , Elvis M. , Rosario D. J. , Suh H. , Mejia-Restrepo J. E. , Simmons B. D. , Faisst A. L. , Onodera M. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We present new Keck/MOSFIRE K-band spectroscopy for a sample of 14 faint, X-ray-selected active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the COSMOS field. The data cover the spectral region surrounding the broad Balmer emission lines, which enables the estimation of black hole masses (

) and accretion rates (in terms of

). We focus on 10 AGNs at z ≃ 3.3, where we observe the Hβ spectral region, while for the other four z ≃ 2.4 sources we use the

broad emission line. Compared with previous detailed studies of unobscured AGNs at these high redshifts, our sources are fainter by an order of magnitude, corresponding to number densities of order ∼10−6–10−5

. The lower AGN luminosities also allow for a robust identification of the host galaxy emission, necessary to obtain reliable intrinsic AGN luminosities, BH masses and accretion rates. We find the AGNs in our sample to be powered by supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with a typical mass of

—significantly lower than the higher-luminosity, rarer quasars reported in earlier studies. The accretion rates are in the range

∼ 0.1–0.4, with an evident lack of sources with lower

(and higher

), as found in several studies of faint AGNs at intermediate redshifts. Based on the early growth expected for the SMBHs in our sample, we argue that a significant population of faint z ∼ 5−6 AGNs, with

, should be detectable in the deepest X-ray surveys available, but this is not observed. We discuss several possible explanations for the apparent absence of such a population, concluding that the most probable scenario involves an evolution in source obscuration and/or radiative efficiencies.
HUBBLE IMAGING OF THE IONIZING RADIATION FROM A STAR-FORMING GALAXY AT Z = 3.2 WITH
*
Authors: Vanzella E. , de Barros S. , Vasei K. , Alavi A. , Giavalisco M. , Siana B. , Grazian A. , Hasinger G. , Suh H. , Cappelluti N. , Vito F. , Amorin R. , Balestra I. , Brusa M. , Calura F. , Castellano M. , Comastri A. , Fontana A. , Gilli R. , Mignoli M. , Pentericci L. , Vignali C. , Zamorani G. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Star-forming galaxies are considered to be the leading candidate sources dominating cosmic reionization at

: the search for analogs at moderate redshift showing Lyman continuum (LyC) leakage is currently an active line of research. We have observed a star-forming galaxy at z = 3.2 with Hubble/WFC3 in the F336W filter, corresponding to the 730–890 Å rest-frame, and detected LyC emission. This galaxy is very compact and also has a large Oxygen ratio

/

(

). No nuclear activity is revealed from optical/near-infrared spectroscopy and deep multi-band photometry (including the 6 Ms X-ray Chandra observations). The measured escape fraction of ionizing radiation spans the range 50%–100%, depending on the intergalactic medium (IGM) attenuation. The LyC emission is measured at

(with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) = 10) and is spatially unresolved, with an effective radius of

pc. Predictions from photoionization and radiative transfer models are in line with the properties reported here, indicating that stellar winds and supernova explosions in a nucleated star-forming region can blow cavities generating density-bounded conditions compatible to optically thin media. Irrespective of the nature of the ionizing radiation, spectral signatures of these sources over the entire electromagnetic spectrum are of central importance for their identification during the epoch of reionization when the LyC is unobservable. Intriguingly, the Spitzer/IRAC photometric signature of intense rest-frame optical emissions ([O iii]λλ4959,5007 + Hβ) recently observed at

is similar to what is observed in this galaxy. Only the James Webb Space Telescope will measure optical line ratios at

, allowing a direct comparison with the lower-redshift LyC emitters, such as that reported here.
NON-AXISYMMETRIC PERPENDICULAR DIFFUSION OF CHARGED PARTICLES AND THEIR TRANSPORT ACROSS TANGENTIAL MAGNETIC DISCONTINUITIES
Authors: Strauss R. D. , Roux J. A. le , Engelbrecht N. E. , Ruffolo D. , Dunzlaff P. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We investigate the transport of charged particles across magnetic discontinuities, focusing specifically on stream interfaces associated with co-rotating interaction regions in the solar wind. We argue that the magnetic field fluctuations perpendicular to the magnetic discontinuity, and usually also perpendicular to the mean magnetic field, are strongly damped in the vicinity of such a magnetic structure, leading to anisotropic perpendicular diffusion. Assuming that perpendicular diffusion arises from drifts in a turbulent magnetic field, we adopt a simplified approach to derive the relevant perpendicular diffusion coefficient. This approach, which we believe gives the correct principal dependences as expected from more elaborate calculations, allows us to investigate transport in different turbulent geometries, such as longitudinal compressional turbulence that may be present near the heliopause. Although highly dependent on the (possibly anisotropic) perpendicular length scales and turbulence levels, we generally find perpendicular diffusion to be strongly damped at magnetic discontinuities, which may in turn provide an explanation for the large particle gradients associated with these structures.
THE MASS OF THE BLACK HOLE IN THE X-RAY BINARY NOVA MUSCAE 1991
Authors: Wu Jianfeng , Orosz Jerome A. , McClintock Jeffrey E. , Hasan Imran , Bailyn Charles D. , Gou Lijun , Chen Zihan 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
The optical counterpart of the black hole soft X-ray transient Nova Muscae 1991 has brightened by ΔV ≈ 0.8 mag since its return to quiescence 23 yr ago. We present the first clear evidence that the brightening of soft X-ray transients in quiescence occurs at a nearly linear rate. This discovery, and our precise determination of the disk component of emission obtained using our simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic data, has allowed us to identify and accurately model archival ellipsoidal light curves of the highest quality. The simultaneity, and the strong constraint it provides on the component of disk emission, is a key element of our work. Based on our analysis of the light curves, and our earlier measurements of the mass function and mass ratio, we have obtained for Nova Muscae 1991 the first accurate estimates of its systemic inclination

deg, and black hole mass

. Based on our determination of the radius of the secondary, we estimate the distance to be

kpc. We discuss the implications of our work for future dynamical studies of black hole soft X-ray transients.
SEARCH FOR HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENTS WITH THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE
Authors: Peng Fang-Kun , Tang Qing-Wen , Wang Xiang-Yu 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Massive black holes at galaxy center may tear apart a star when the star passes occasionally within the disruption radius, which is the so-called tidal disruption event (TDE). Most TDEs radiate with thermal emission resulting from the acceleration disk, but three TDEs have been detected in bright nonthermal X-ray emission, which is interpreted as arising from the relativistic jets. A search for high-energy gamma-ray emission from one relativistic TDE (Swift J164449.3+573451) with the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) has yielded nondetection. In this paper, we report the search for high-energy emission from the other two relativistic TDEs (Swift J2058.4+0516 and Swift J1112.2-8238) during the flare period. No significant GeV emission is found, with an upper limit fluence in the LAT energy range being less than 1% of that in X-rays. Compared with gamma-ray bursts and blazars, these TDEs have the lowest flux ratio between GeV emission and X-ray emission. The nondetection of high-energy emission from relativistic TDEs could be due to the fact that the high-energy emission is absorbed by soft photons in the source. Based on this hypothesis, upper limits on the bulk Lorentz factors,

, are then obtained for the jets in these TDEs. We also search for high-energy gamma-ray emission from the nearest TDE discovered to date, ASASSN-14li. No significant GeV emission is found, and an upper limit of

erg s−1 (at 95% confidence level) is obtained for the first 107 s after the disruption.
THE OCCURRENCE OF ADDITIONAL GIANT PLANETS INSIDE THE WATER–ICE LINE IN SYSTEMS WITH HOT JUPITERS: EVIDENCE AGAINST HIGH-ECCENTRICITY MIGRATION
Authors: Schlaufman Kevin C. , Winn Joshua N. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
The origin of Jupiter-mass planets with orbital periods of only a few days is still uncertain. It is widely believed that these planets formed near the water–ice line of the protoplanetary disk, and subsequently migrated into much smaller orbits. Most of the proposed migration mechanisms can be classified either as disk-driven migration, or as excitation of a very high eccentricity followed by tidal circularization. In the latter scenario, the giant planet that is destined to become a hot Jupiter spends billions of years on a highly eccentric orbit, with apastron near the water–ice line. Eventually, tidal dissipation at periastron shrinks and circularizes the orbit. If this is correct, then it should be especially rare for hot Jupiters to be accompanied by another giant planet interior to the water–ice line. Using the current sample of giant planets discovered with the Doppler technique, we find that hot Jupiters with P
orb < 10 days are no more or less likely to have exterior Jupiter-mass companions than longer-period giant planets with P
orb ≥ 10 days. This result holds for exterior companions both inside and outside of the approximate location of the water–ice line. These results are difficult to reconcile with the high-eccentricity migration scenario for hot Jupiter formation.
A NEW NONPLANETARY INTERPRETATION OF THE MICROLENSING EVENT OGLE-2013-BLG-0723
Authors: Han Cheongho , Bennett David P. , Udalski Andrzej , Jung Youn Kil 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Recently, the discovery of a Venus-mass planet orbiting a brown-dwarf host in a binary system was reported from the analysis of the microlensing event OGLE-2013-BLG-0723. We reanalyze the event considering the possibility of other interpretations. From this, we find a new solution where the lens is composed of two bodies, in contrast to the three-body solution of the previous analysis. The new solution better explains the observed light curve than the previous solution with Δχ
2 ∼ 202, suggesting that the new solution is a correct model for the event. From the estimation of the physical parameters based on the new interpretation, we find that the lens system is composed of two low-mass stars with ∼0.2 M
⊙ and ∼0.1 M
⊙ and located at a distance of ∼3 kpc. The fact that the physical parameters correspond to those of the most common lens population located at a distance with a large lensing probability further supports the likelihood of the new interpretation. Considering that two dramatically different solutions can approximately explain the observed light curve, the event suggests the need for carefully testing all possible lens-system geometries.
EFFECTS OF ANTENNA BEAM CHROMATICITY ON REDSHIFTED 21 cm POWER SPECTRUM AND IMPLICATIONS FOR HYDROGEN EPOCH OF REIONIZATION ARRAY
Authors: Thyagarajan Nithyanandan , Parsons Aaron R. , DeBoer David R. , Bowman Judd D. , Ewall-Wice Aaron M. , Neben Abraham R. , Patra Nipanjana 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Unaccounted for systematics from foregrounds and instruments can severely limit the sensitivity of current experiments from detecting redshifted 21 cm signals from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Upcoming experiments are faced with a challenge to deliver more collecting area per antenna element without degrading the data with systematics. This paper and its companions show that dishes are viable for achieving this balance using the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) as an example. Here, we specifically identify spectral systematics associated with the antenna power pattern as a significant detriment to all EoR experiments which causes the already bright foreground power to leak well beyond ideal limits and contaminate the otherwise clean EoR signal modes. A primary source of this chromaticity is reflections in the antenna-feed assembly and between structures in neighboring antennas. Using precise foreground simulations taking wide-field effects into account, we provide a generic framework to set cosmologically motivated design specifications on these reflections to prevent further EoR signal degradation. We show that HERA will not be impeded by such spectral systematics and demonstrate that even in a conservative scenario that does not perform removal of foregrounds, HERA will detect the EoR signal in line-of-sight k-modes,

Mpc−1, with high significance. Under these conditions, all baselines in a 19-element HERA layout are capable of detecting EoR over a substantial observing window on the sky.
Determinants of Virological Response to Antiretroviral Therapy: Socio-Economic Status Still Plays a Role in the Era of cART. Results from the ANRS-VESPA 2 Study, France
Authors: D'Almeida Kayigan W , Lert France , Spire Bruno , Dray-Spira Rosemary 
Published: June 2016

Background Disparities in combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) outcomes have been consistently reported among people living with HIV (PLWHIV). The present study aims at investigating the mechanisms underlying those disparities among PLWHIV in France. Methods We used data from the Vespa2 survey, a large national cross-sectional survey, representative of HIV-infected people followed at hospitals in 2011. Among participants diagnosed ≥1996, HIV treatment-naive at the time of cART initiation and on cART for at least 12 months, the frequency of sustained virological suppression (SVS; undetectable viral load [<50 copies/ml] for at least 6 months) at the time of the survey, was assessed and its social determinants were measured through logistic regression, accounting for clinical and biological determinants of response to cART. Results Among 1,246 participants, 77.7% had achieved SVS. SVS was less frequent among those unemployed (0.6 [range 0.3-1.0]) and those with the lowest level of education (0.4 [range 0.2-0.9]). The late presenters, diagnosed at a CD4+ T-cell count <200/mm3 (0.5 [range 0.3-0.9]) and the late starters, diagnosed at a CD4+ T-cell count >200 but initiating cART at CD4+ T-cell count <200 (0.3 [range 0.1-0.8]) were less likely than the ideal starters (≥350 CD4+ T-cells/mm3 at cART initiation) to achieve SVS, as were those who reported suboptimal adherence versus those reporting optimal adherence (0.4 [range 0.2-0.7]). In bivariate analyses, material deprivation, discrimination and a weak social network were also associated with a poorer treatment response. Conclusions Structural social factors remain strong determinants of treatment response and should be addressed in a broad approach of care, but wider political issues should also be investigated.
La résonance du rêve dans la psychanalyse de couple
Authors: Lito Ana Marques 
Published: June 2016

Cet article a pour but de démontrer l’importance de la résonance symbolique du rêve dans le processus transférentiel et contretransférentiel de la psychanalyse de couple. Il traite également du processus intermédiaire mettant à jour l’impact de l’histoire familiale dans la vie actuelle. L’interprétation de l’analyste et les reconstructions narcissique-identitaires des patients qui surviennent dans un processus inconscient évolutif en O, facilitent une position d’ouverture existentielle et un cadre de représentations communes aux conjoints et à l’analyste. La psychanalyse d’un couple ayant duré 3 ans et demi de travail régulier tous les quinze jours illustre les dynamiques groupales en cours. Le processus voit apparaître une réaction thérapeutique négative. Les conjoints ont formé une « famille de verre » selon les propositions de l’auteur.
Understanding the drying kinetic and hygroscopic behaviour of larvae of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and the effects on their quality
Authors: Azzollini D. , Derossi A. , Severini C. 
Published: June 2016

The use of insects for preparing high nutritional value foods is emerging. The dehydration kinetic of yellow mealworms larvae and its hygroscopic behaviour were described also analysing the changes in quality attributes. Blanching was performed before air drying at 50, 60 and 70 °C while sorption isotherms were studied after air drying and freeze-drying. The Page model described the dehydration kinetic at 50, 60 and 70 °C with a coefficient of determination of 0.993. Moisture diffusion coefficients between 4.85×10-11 and 1.62×10-10 m2/s were estimated and their temperature dependence was described by the Arrhenius equation, estimating an Ea of 52.1 kJ/mol. The Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer model well fitted experimental data, showing isotherms of type II and estimating a monolayer value of 0.05 g H2O/g dry matter. Blanching significantly modified the adsorption isotherms, increased the moisture of fresh larvae without affecting their proximate composition. Rehydration after lyophilisation produced higher colour degradation probably due to the increase of enzymatic activity.
Ways of Being: Preparing Nursing Students for Transition to Professional Practice
Authors: Mellor Peter , Gregoric Carolyn 
Published: June 2016

Background:
The new graduate registered nurse (NGRN) does not work in isolation but within an organizational environment. Unfortunately for the NGRN, transition-to-practice programs are often variable and underresourced, which means that promised support is unlikely to eventuate. Many NGRNs learn the skills required to navigate the nursing culture on the job without support and by trial and error.

Method:
A grounded theory method was used to identify the strategies used by nine NGRNs to thrive during their transition to professional practice.

Results:
Ways of being emerged from the data to explain the social and emotional strategies NGRNs use during the first year of practice. The ways of being model includes ways of feeling, ways of relating, and ways of doing.

Conclusion:
University preparation needs to ensure that the NGRN is provided with the skills to successfully navigate the workplace. Use of the ways of being model could help achieve this.

J Contin Educ Nurs.
2016;47(7):330–340.
Concept-Based Learning in Clinical Experiences: Bringing Theory to Clinical Education for Deep Learning
Authors: Nielsen Ann 
Published: June 2016

Background:
Concept-based learning is used increasingly in nursing education to support the organization, transfer, and retention of knowledge. Concept-based learning activities (CBLAs) have been used in clinical education to explore key aspects of the patient situation and principles of nursing care, without responsibility for total patient care. The nature of best practices in teaching and the resultant learning are not well understood.

Method:
The purpose of this multiple-case study research was to explore and describe concept-based learning in the context of clinical education in inpatient settings. Four clinical groups (each a case) were observed while they used CBLAs in the clinical setting.

Results:
Major findings include that concept-based learning fosters deep learning, connection of theory with practice, and clinical judgment. Strategies used to support learning, major teaching–learning foci, and preconditions for concept-based teaching and learning will be described.

Conclusion:

Concept-based learning is promising to support integration of theory with practice and clinical judgment through application experiences with patients. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(7):365–371.]
Foundational Courses for the Baccalaureate Nursing Degree: Enhancing Efficiency for Academic Progression
Authors: Giddens Jean L. , Meyer Donna 
Published: June 2016

Background:
The Institute of Medicine recommendation for a more educated nursing workforce has triggered significant activity in the area of academic profession, particularly in pre- and postlicensure baccalaureate nursing education. Many innovative academic progression models involving universities and community colleges have emerged. Among the most common barriers to this effort are inconsistent prerequisite course requirements.

Method:
A workgroup convened to discuss commonalities and differences of general education and prerequisite course work and propose core prerequisite coursework for the baccalaureate nursing degree.

Results:
A course menu strategy for foundational baccalaureate nursing courses was proposed that includes four general course categories with credit ranges and common courses or content for each category. The four proposed foundational course categories are general education, basic sciences, social sciences, and human sciences.

Conclusion:

A need exists to reduce barriers affecting academic progression. The foundational course approach proposed has potential to reduce some of these barriers. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(7):373–378.]
Constructing an Ethical Training for Advanced Nursing Practice: An Interactionist and Competency-Based Approach
Authors: Pariseau-Legault Pierre , Lallier Melisa 
Published: June 2016

Background:
Advanced practice nurses are working in a highly interdisciplinary and political context. Such situations can influence the deliberative and ethical decision-making processes in which they are also involved. This can subsequently compromise their abilities to protect their moral integrity, to find innovative and nondualistic solutions to complex ethical problems, and to collaborate with other health professionals.

Method:
The authors constructed a training program inspired by discourse and narrative ethics. The objective pursued was to develop advanced practice nurses' moral integrity, highlight the ethical component of their clinical judgement, and foster the development of their deliberative competencies.

Results:
The pedagogical process proposed exposes how an ethical curriculum adapted to the context in which advanced practice nurses evolve can address power relationships inherent in ethical decision making.

Conclusion:

The authors suggest that this pedagogical approach has the potential to optimize the consolidation of ethical, reflective, and deliberative competencies among advanced practice nurses. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2016;55(7):399–402.]
Use of Smartphones With Undergraduate Nursing Students
Authors: George Tracy P. , DeCristofaro Claire 
Published: June 2016

Background:
It is important for nursing students to become comfortable with accessing point-of-care technology to support provision of safe, evidence-based care to patients.

Method:
Smartphone applications (apps) were introduced into community screening settings in a first-semester undergraduate nursing health assessment course. The apps provided information about body mass index, as well as United States Preventive Services Task Force–recommended preventive services using the Agency for Health Research and Quality electronic preventive services selector app. Classroom activities prepared students using mock cases and real data, and evidence-based guidelines were used when counseling patients about individual results.

Results:
Smartphone apps were well accepted by students and allowed students to transfer learning from the classroom and laboratory to the community setting.

Conclusion:

Smartphone apps promote active learning and the long-term retention of knowledge. This community-based activity supports the validity of independent health promotion activities in nursing practice. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(7):411–415.]