bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiological dead space and arterial carbon dioxide contributions to exercise ventilatory inefficiency in patients with reduced or preserved ejection fraction heart failure
Authors: Van Iterson Erik H. , Johnson Bruce D. , Borlaug Barry A. , Olson Thomas P. 
Published: October 2017

AimsPatients with heart failure (HF) with reduced (HFrEF) or preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction demonstrate an increased ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide (V̇E/V̇CO2) slope. The physiological correlates of the V̇E/V̇CO2 slope remain unclear in the two HF phenotypes. We hypothesized that changes in the physiological dead space to tidal volume ratio (VD/VT) and arterial CO2 tension (PaCO2) differentially contribute to the V̇E/V̇CO2 slope in HFrEF vs. HFpEF.Methods and resultsAdults with HFrEF (n = 32) and HFpEF (n = 27) [mean ± standard deviation (SD) left ventricular ejection fraction: 22 ± 7% and 61 ± 9%, respectively; mean ± SD body mass index: 28 ± 4 kg/m2 and 33 ± 6 kg/m2, respectively; P < 0.01] performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing with breath‐by‐breath ventilation and gas exchange measurements. PaCO2 was measured via radial arterial catheterization. We calculated the V̇E/V̇CO2 slope via linear regression, and VD/VT = 1 − [(863 × V̇CO2)/(V̇E × PaCO2)]. Resting VD/VT (0.48 ± 0.08 vs. 0.41 ± 0.11; P = 0.04), but not PaCO2 (38 ± 5 mmHg vs. 40 ± 3 mmHg; P = 0.21) differed between HFrEF and HFpEF. Peak exercise VD/VT (0.39 ± 0.08 vs. 0.32 ± 0.12; P = 0.02) and PaCO2 (33 ± 6 mmHg vs. 38 ± 4 mmHg; P < 0.01) differed between HFrEF and HFpEF. The V̇E/V̇CO2 slope was higher in HFrEF compared with HFpEF (44 ± 11 vs. 35 ± 8; P < 0.01). Variance associated with the V̇E/V̇CO2 slope in HFrEF and HFpEF was explained by peak exercise VD/VT (R2 = 0.30 and R2 = 0.50, respectively) and PaCO2 (R2 = 0.64 and R2 = 0.28, respectively), but the relative contributions of each differed (all P < 0.01).ConclusionsRelationships between the V̇E/V̇CO2 slope and both VD/VT and PaCO2 are robust, but differ between HFpEF and HFrEF. Increasing V̇E/V̇CO2 slope appears to be strongly explained by mechanisms influential in regulating PaCO2 in HFrEF, which contrasts with the strong role of increased VD/VT in HFpEF.
Concentration‐controlled particle focusing in spiral elasto‐inertial microfluidic devices
Authors: Xiang Nan , Ni Zhonghua , Yi Hong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHerein, we proposed a strategy for controlling the particle focusing position in Dean‐coupled elasto‐inertial flows via adjusting the polymer concentration of viscoelastic fluids. The physics behind the control strategy was then explored and discussed. At high polymer concentrations, the flowing particles could be single‐line focused exactly at the channel centerline under the dominated elastic force. The center‐line focusing in our spiral channel may employed as a potential pretreatment scheme for microflow cytometry detection. With further decreasing polymer concentrations, the particles would shift into the outer channel region under the comparable competition between inertial lift force, elastic force and Dean drag force. Finally, the observed position‐shifting was successfully employed for particle concentration at a throughput much higher than most existing elasto‐inertial microfluidics.
Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry method for determining highly hydrophobic peptides
Authors: Cheng Jianhui , Chen David D. Y. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry (NACE‐MS) method was developed to separate and determine highly hydrophobic temporin peptides. The nonaqueous background electrolyte solution was a mixture of 20% acetonitrile, 78% methanol and 2% formic acid, with 20 mM ammonium formate. The separation of six peptides was completed within 12 min. The CE system was connected to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in MRM mode using a chemical modifier solution of 2 mM ammonium formate in ethanol with the flow through microvial interface. The mass spectrometer offered a second dimension of separation for peptides having identical migration times but different structures. The new method represents the first system capable of reliably determining hydrophobic peptides without using reversed phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.
Zincating Effect on Corrosion Resistance of Electroless Ni‐P Coating on Aluminum Alloy 6061
Authors: Gutiérrez A. G. González , Pech‐Canul M. A. , Sebastian P. J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAluminum and its alloys represent a promising alternative as bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) systems. However, to improve the corrosion resistance they are commonly coated, and electroless Ni‐P offers great advantages. The effect of multiple zincating process on the corrosion behavior of electroless Ni‐P coatings on AA6061 was investigated. Results of morphological characterization and compositional analysis of the electroless Ni‐P coatings showed that as the number of zincating steps increased, the surface became smoother (with decreasing roughness) and the phosphorous content increased. The results of electrochemical impedance measurements and potentiodynamic polarization curves in 0.5M H2SO4 solution showed that the pretreatment used before coating of aluminum with Ni‐P has a direct effect on corrosion resistance. The corrosion current density decreased with increasing the number of zincating steps. A significant improvement in corrosion resistance was observed on performing the triple zincating.
Endoscope‐assisted resection of thyroglossal duct cysts via a submaxillary vestibular approach
Authors: Han Ping , Liang Faya , Cai Qian , Chen Renhui , Yu Shitong , Huang Xiaoming 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs) are usually resected through an incision over the entire protruding zone. The resulting scar is aesthetically displeasing, so we explored the use of endoscope‐assisted excision of TDCs via a submaxillary vestibular approach. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility, validity, and safety of this approach and to evaluate the follow‐up results.MethodsFrom January 2007 to August 2015, 16 patients with TDCs underwent surgical resection using a submaxillary vestibular approach.ResultsAll procedures were successfully performed using endoscope‐assisted surgery via a submaxillary vestibular approach. There were no postoperative complications and no conversions of the operation. The average follow‐up period was 73 months (range 14‐117 months) without recurrence. All patients and their families were satisfied with the cosmetic results.ConclusionEndoscope‐assisted excision of TDCs using a submaxillary vestibular approach is feasible and can be applied effectively and safely with good cosmetic results. Therefore, this method should be considered a viable alternative approach for these patients.
Role of surgery in the treatment of osteoradionecrosis and its complications after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Huang Wen Bo , Wong Stanley Thian Sze , Chan Jimmy Yu Wai 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to review the efficacy of surgery for patients with osteoradionecrosis (ORN) after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).MethodsBetween 2000 and 2016, we identified 162 patients with skull base ORN, among which 58 patients required surgery. A retrospective medical chart review was performed and the indications and results of surgical interventions were recorded.ResultsAll surgeries were performed for the treatment of secondary complications of ORN, including central nervous system (CNS) infection (48.4%), blowout bleeding (24.1%), and severe pain (17.2%). Endoscopic debridement was done in 12 patients, whereas the rest required either maxillary swing or mandibulotomy, depending on the location of the necrosis. The majority of the patients required free vastus lateralis flap (72.5%) for reconstruction. Surgery was effective in the control of infection, bleeding, and pain. Multivariate analysis identified reirradiation and bone exposure on MRI as the significant independent risk factors predicting the future need of surgery.ConclusionSurgery is effective in the treatment of secondary complications of skull base ORN after previous radiotherapy for NPC.
Metastatic spread from squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx to the totally implantable venous access port insertion site: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Mangla Ankit , Agarwal Nikki , Mullane Michael Russell 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe totally implantable venous access port plays a crucial role in delivering chemotherapy in the outpatient setting. Here, we report the first case of a patient with hypopharyngeal tumor who developed chest wall metastasis over the totally implantable venous access port inserted in the internal jugular vein.MethodsOur patient, a 58‐year‐old man with a hypopharyngeal tumor presented with a lump over the totally implantable venous access port site. The port was removed and the lump was biopsied. The CT studies showed that the tumor had spread along the catheter from the hypopharynx to the chest wall.ResultsThe pathology from the biopsy showed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The patient had poor performance status and opted for hospice care.ConclusionWe present a novel case of metastasis over the totally implantable venous access port implanted in a patient with a hypopharyngeal tumor. We also reviewed relevant literature comparing the data from percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube site metastasis with our patient and other similar case reports.
Case–control study of shock index among women who did and did not receive blood transfusions due to postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Borovac‐Pinheiro Anderson , Pacagnella Rodolfo C. , Puzzi‐Fernandes Carolina , Cecatti José G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo compare shock index (SI) values between women who required blood transfusion due to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and women who did not.MethodsIn a case–control study, clinical data were assessed from the medical records of women requiring blood transfusion for PPH at a center in Brazil between 2012 and 2015 (n=105). A control group was randomly selected from women who did not receive blood transfusion (n=129).ResultsCompared with women who did not receive a transfusion after delivery, women who did receive one had significantly higher SI values 10 minutes after delivery (0.81 ± 0.27 vs 0.72 ± 0.16; P=0.012), at 30 minutes (0.83 ± 0.26 vs 0.71 ± 0.15; P<0.001), and at 2 hours (0.84 ± 0.27 vs 0.70 ± 0.14; P=0.032). For vaginal deliveries, SI values were significantly different at 30 minutes (0.88 ± 0.26 vs 0.71 ± 0.14; P<0.001) and 2 hours (0.90 ± 0.23 vs 0.72 ± 0.14; P=0.001). No significant differences were found for cesarean delivery.ConclusionThe SI might be useful to identify early vital sign changes due to PPH. Increased SI values were associated with need for transfusion in vaginal deliveries.
Anin vitroandin vivocharacterization of fineWE43Bmagnesium wire with varied thermomechanical processing conditions
Authors: Griebel Adam J. , Schaffer Jeremy E. , Hopkins Tracy M. , Alghalayini Alaa , Mkorombindo Tinomudaishe , Ojo Kolade O. , Xu Zhigang , Little Kevin J. , Pixley Sarah K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAbsorbable implants made of magnesium alloys may revolutionize surgical intervention, and fine magnesium wire will be critical to many applications. Functionally, the wires must have sufficient mechanical properties to withstand implantation and in‐service loading, have excellent tissue tolerance, and exhibit an appropriate degradation rate for the application. Alloy chemistry and thermomechanical processing conditions will significantly impact the material's functional performance, but the exact translation of these parameters to implant performance is unclear. With this in mind, fine (127 µm) WE43B magnesium alloy wires in five thermomechanical process (TMP) conditions (90% cold work [CW], and 250, 375, 400, and 450°C heat treatments) were investigated for their effect on mechanical and corrosion behavior. The TMP conditions gave clear metallurgical differences: transverse grain dimensions ranged from 200 nm (CW) to 3 µm (450°C), UTS varied from 324 MPa (450°C) to 608 MPa (250°C), and surgical knotting showed some were suitable (CW, 400°C, 450°C) while others were not (250°C, 350°C).In vitroandin vivocorrosion testing yielded interesting and in some cases conflicting results. After 1 month immersion in cell culture medium, wire corrosion was extensive, and TMP conditions altered the macrocorrosion morphology but not the rate or total release of magnesium ions. After 1 month subdermal implantation in mice, all wires were well tolerated and showed very little corrosion (per µCT and histology), but differences in localized corrosion were detected between conditions. This study indicates that WE43B wires treated at 450°C may be most suitable for surgical knotting procedures. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1987–1997, 2018.
Improved photocatalytic hydrogen production from methanol/water solution using CuO supported on fluorinated TiO2
Authors: Castañeda Claudia , Tzompantzi Francisco , Rodríguez‐Rodríguez Arturo , Sánchez‐Dominguez Margarita , Gómez Ricardo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhotocatalytic water splitting is an attractive alternative for hydrogen generation because it is considered a clean and environment‐friendly process. TiO2 semiconductor has been widely used in photocatalysis, however, its efficiency is limited due to the high recombination of the charge carriers. Many methods have been proposed to enhance TiO2 photoactivity, including modification with nonmetal ions and coupling with other semiconductor oxides. In this present work a series of CuO/TF photocatalysts with different CuO content were synthesized by impregnation of fluorinated TiO2 (TF) powder. These materials were characterized by several techniques and were studied in the hydrogen production reaction from a methanol/water solution under UV irradiation.RESULTSThe impregnation of the TF powder with Cu(NO3)2•H2O leads to the generation of crystalline and mesoporous materials and the existence of copper in the form of CuO. HRTEM results indicated the formation of heterojunctions between TiO2 and CuO phases. CuO(1.0)/TF photocatalyst was four times more active than TiO2 and fluorinated TiO2 support.CONCLUSIONSThe coexistence of fluoride and CuO species on TiO2 improves the photocatalytic properties of the semiconductor and the reduction of the H+ ions to H2 is considerably better than that achieved with TiO2, TF and CuO/TiO2 materials. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Sonographic evaluation of the endochondral ossification process of the thyroid cartilage in children
Authors: Yildiz Adalet Elcin , Sahap Seda Kaynak , Elhan Atilla Halil , Fitoz Suat 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposeTo determine the sonographic appearances of the endochondral ossification process of the thyroid cartilage in children.MethodsThyroid cartilage sonography (US) of 420 children was performed with a high‐resolution linear‐array transducer. Right and left laminae of the thyroid cartilage, including the inferior horns, were examined. Ossification foci were evaluated for their presence, location, shape, size, echo pattern, and number.ResultsFour hundred nineteen children, 239 girls and 180 boys, were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 109.8 ± 60.7 months. Ossification foci were found in 167 children (39.9%). First ossification focus detection age was 72 months in girls and 79 months in boys. On both laminae, the most frequent appearance of the ossification focus was hypoechoic (right: 94.8%, left: 93.5%). Prevalence and number of ossification foci increased with age in each sex. The shape of the ossification foci in both laminae was generally nonexpansile (right: 92.9%, left: 93.5%).ConclusionEndochondral ossification process of the thyroid cartilage begins in the first decade with extracellular matrix changes, which can be detected as hypoechoic foci by US. These foci can be expansile, and radiologists should be aware of this entity to avoid misdiagnosing them as abnormal masses.
Well‐differentiated papillary mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis testis of unknown malignant potential: Sonographic appearance
Authors: Ko K.W.S. , Tse K.S. , Shek K.W. , Hau M.N. , Ting S.H. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractParatesticular mesothelioma is a rare differential diagnosis in the presence of scrotal hydrocele. A 17‐year‐old boy presented with a 3‐year history of progressive hydrocele. Sonography revealed a large left paratesticular mass within the hydrocele. Serum tumor markers were negative. Left hydrocelectomy was performed and pathological analysis of the epididymal mass revealed a well‐differentiated papillary mesothelioma. We discuss the sonographic and pathological findings of this rare neoplasm.
Comprehensive data of 3,820 patients newly diagnosed with colorectal liver metastasis between 2005 and 2007: report of a nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Sakamoto Katsunori , Honda Goro , Beppu Toru , Kotake Kenjiro , Yamamoto Masakazu , Takahashi Keiichi , Endo Itaru , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Itabashi Michio , Hashiguchi Yojiro , Kotera Yoshihito , Kobayashi Shin , Yamaguchi Tatsuro , Morita Satoshi , Miyazaki Masaru , Sugihara Kenichi ,   the Joint Committee for Nationwide Survey on Colorectal Liver Metastasis
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo collect big data for further research to improve treatment outcomes in patients with colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM), the Joint Committee for Nationwide Survey on CRLM was established by the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum and the Japanese Society of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery. The joint committee initiated data collection since 2014. The data of 4,237 patients newly diagnosed with CRLM between 2005 and 2007 were registered from 134 departments of 127 institutions (64%) among 209 departments (from 201 institutions) that agreed to participate in this study. Finally, 3,820 patients were enrolled in this report after a quality management process by the joint committee. We report the comprehensive data obtained from 3,820 patients, clinicopathological findings, treatment strategies, prognoses, and implementation status of chemotherapy. The joint committee is prospectively collecting data of patients newly diagnosed with CRLM after 2013 and will provide these raw data, including data of patients diagnosed between 2005 and 2007, to researchers who will conduct meaningful studies that meet the aim of the joint committee.
Differential brainstem atrophy patterns in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Authors: Lee Chi‐Yan , Mak Henry Ka‐Fung , Chiu Pui‐Wai , Chang Hing‐Chiu , Barkhof Frederik , Chan Koon‐Ho 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating disorders. It is clinically important to distinguish MS from NMOSD, as treatment and prognosis differ. Brainstem involvement is common in both disorders.PurposeTo investigate whether the patterns of brainstem atrophy on volumetric analysis in MS and NMOSD were different and correlated with clinical disability.Study TypeCase–control cross‐sectional study.SubjectsIn all, 17 MS, 13 NMOSD, and 18 healthy control (HC) subjects were studied.Field Strength/SequenceT1‐weighted and T2w spin‐echo images were acquired with a 3T scanner.AssessmentSemiautomated segmentation and volumetric measurement of brainstem regions were performed. Anatomical information was obtained from whole brain T1w images using a 3D magnetization‐prepared rapid gradient‐echo (MPRAGE) imaging sequence (TR/TE/T: 7.0/3.2/800 msec, voxel size: 1 × 1 × 1 mm3, scan time: 10 min 41 sec).Statistical TestsIndependent samples t‐test, Mann–Whitney U‐test, partial correlation, and multiple regression analysis.ResultsBaseline characteristics were similar across the three groups, without significant difference in disease duration (P = 0.354) and EDSS score (P = 0.159) between MS and NMOSD subjects. Compared to HC, MS subjects had significantly smaller normalized whole brainstem (−5.2%, P = 0.027), midbrain (−8.3%, P = 0.0001), and pons volumes (−5.9%, P = 0.048), while only the normalized medulla volume was significantly smaller in NMOSD subjects compared to HC (−8.5% vs. HC, P = 0.024). Normalized midbrain volume was significantly smaller in MS compared to NMOSD subjects (−5.0%, P = 0.014), whereas normalized medulla volume was significantly smaller in NMOSD compared to MS subjects (−8.1%, P = 0.032). Partial correlations and multiple regression analysis revealed that smaller normalized whole brainstem, pons, and medulla oblongata volumes were associated with greater disability on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Functional System Score (FSS)‐brainstem and FSS‐cerebellar in NMOSD subjects.Data ConclusionDifferential patterns of brainstem atrophy were observed, with the midbrain being most severely affected followed by pons in MS, whereas only the medulla oblongata was affected in NMOSD.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1601–1609.
Production of probiotic bovine salami using Lactobacillus plantarum 299v as adjunct
Authors: Blaiotta Giuseppe , Murru Nicoletta , Di Cerbo Alessandro , Romano Raffaele , Aponte Maria 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDFive probiotic lactobacilli were tested, alone or in combination with two commercial starters, to select the most suitable strain for a probiotic bovine salami production. Lactobacillus plantarum 299v was used with both starters, to make salami according to a traditional recipe. Salami obtained by using just the starters and by spontaneous fermentation, served as control. Microbial dynamics, as well as the main physico‐chemical parameters, were monitored throughout ripening. The survival of probiotic 299v was confirmed by strains' tracking by means of RAPD‐PCR coupled to a culture‐independent approach PCR‐DGGE‐based.RESULTSThe results showed a remarkable viability of the probiotic strain even after 60 days of storage. Experimental salami exhibited the same level of sensory acceptance of control salami, were hygienically safe, and characterised by pH, weight loss and microbiological loads within the ranges conventionally advocated for optimal fermented sausages.CONCLUSIONOutcomes indicate the workable possibility of using second‐quality beef cuts for probiotic salami production. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysis of volatiles in brown rice, germinated brown rice, and selenised germinated brown rice during storage at different vacuum levels
Authors: Liu Kunlun , Zhao Shuang , Li Yang , Chen Fusheng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe quality of nutritionally enhanced foods can be determined by evaluating changes in the volatile compounds produced in these foods over time. In this work, selenium‐enriched germinated brown rice (Se‐GBR), germinated brown rice (GBR), and brown rice (BR) stored under 90% relative humidity, 38 °C, and various vacuum levels were investigated. The relative abundance and differences of volatile compounds in Se‐GBR, GBR, and BR over various storage periods were detected. The correlation of volatile compound abundance with vacuum level and storage time was analysed using principal component analysis (PCA).RESULTSVolatile compounds in the three samples were quantified at various storage periods (0, 90 and 150 days). Approximately 100 volatile compounds and eight species were identified and classified. Various proportions or types of volatile compounds were found in each sample at different sampling times. PCA results showed an isolation of volatile compounds in terms of sampling day and vacuum level at each storage period.CONCLUSIONChanges in volatile compounds over time and vacuum levels can provide bases for assessing of the nutritional quality of Se‐GBR, GBR, and BR. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry