bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying parentally perceived barriers for children with celiac disease to participate in elementary school meal programs
Authors: Du Nan , Treffeisen Elsa R. , Weisbrod Vanessa , Kelley Frances , Silvester Jocelyn 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSeveral states have recently enacted laws permanently granting all public school students access to free breakfast and lunch. However, children with dietary restrictions, such as celiac disease (CeD), may encounter barriers to participation in these meal programs. We surveyed caregivers of school‐aged children with CeD to study barriers to universal school meals. More than half of the children with CeD did not participate in school meal programs due to concerns about the cafeteria's ability to prepare gluten‐free (GF) meals safely. Moreover, among those who were food insecure and GF food insecure, 50% had never consumed free school lunch and breakfast. Parental perception of nutritional quality, communication regarding GF options, and safety of school kitchens emerged as common obstacles to participation in these programs. Addressing these concerns is paramount to ensuring equitable access to nutritious meals for all students.
What's in a treatment name? How people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms interpret and react to PTSD treatment names
Authors: Larsen Sadie E. , Ranney Rachel M. , Matteo Rebecca , Grubbs Kathleen M. , Hamblen Jessica L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPrior research has rarely examined how people understand or react to the names of psychological treatments. In the case of evidence‐based psychotherapies for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), such reactions may be relevant to the low rates of uptake of such treatments. Participants who screened positive for PTSD (n = 887) completed questions assessing their initial reactions to PTSD treatment names as well as how a different name would affect their openness to treatment. In addition, they gave brief responses to open‐ended questions about the reason for their initial reactions, and content analysis was used to better understand these reasons. The results indicated that among the treatment name options, cognitive processing therapy (CPT) and present‐centered therapy (PCT) were viewed most positively. Approximately 40% of the sample preferred plain language alternatives for treatment names. Content analyses focused on descriptions of the treatments—which could be accurate or inaccurate—as well as whether respondents evaluated a treatment name itself as positive or negative. Some names conveyed treatments more accurately (e.g., CPT and written exposure therapy) than others (e.g., eye movement desensitization and reprocessing and prolonged exposure [PE]). Some names were also evaluated more positively (e.g., PCT) than others (e.g., PE). The general term “trauma‐focused therapy” was seen as positive and clear. Addressing the ways patients react to psychological terms and treatment names could help clarify misperceptions about evidence‐based psychotherapies and promote more widespread uptake of effective treatments for PTSD.
Postpartum anger among low‐income women with high rates of trauma exposure
Authors: Plummer Lee ChienTi , Mersky Joshua P. , Liu Xiyao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFew studies have examined anger concerns among postpartum women despite their risk of mood dysregulation. This study examined the performance of the Dimensions of Anger Reactions–5 (DAR‐5) scale, a brief screen for problematic anger, in a sample of 1,383 postpartum women in Wisconsin who received perinatal home visiting services. We aimed to analyze the discriminant validity and measurement invariance of the DAR‐5, the occurrence of problematic anger symptoms and their co‐occurrence with mental health concerns, and the association between elevated anger levels and exposure to potentially traumatic events in childhood and adulthood. Descriptive statistics for anger symptoms and their associations with depression, anxiety, and PTSD were calculated. Psychometric properties of the DAR‐5 were assessed via confirmatory factor analyses, and associations between trauma exposure and anger were evaluated as bivariate and partial correlations. Approximately 21% of the sample exhibited problematic anger based on an established DAR‐5 cutoff score (≥ 12). Anger symptoms co‐occurred with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depressive, and anxiety symptoms, though the DAR‐5 sufficiently distinguished anger from these correlated symptom profiles. The DAR‐5 also demonstrated acceptable measurement invariance across levels of trauma exposure. Higher levels of trauma exposure in childhood and adulthood significantly increased the risk of problematic anger even after controlling for PTSD, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, partial pb range: .07–.16. The findings suggest the DAR‐5 is a valid brief screen for anger in postpartum women. Increased attention should be paid to elevated anger and the co‐occurrence of other mental health concerns following childbirth.
No evidence hunting bait increases American black bear population growth in Maine, USA
Authors: Morin Dana J. , Vashon Jennifer H. , O'Neal Matthew , Hostetter Nathan J. , Flaherty Elizabeth A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAmerican black bear (Ursus americanus) populations are increasing throughout much of North America. Use of multiple harvest methods, including hunting over bait, is intended to increase harvest success rates to meet harvest and population management objectives. However, black bear population growth can be influenced by food availability, and some speculate the use of bait may inadvertently increase bear abundance through food resource supplementation. We collected hair from black bears captured from 2005–2019 and a selection of potential food items, including those used as bait from 3 study areas in Maine, USA, with different levels of human influence. We used stable isotope analysis of the black bear hair and food item samples to evaluate the contribution of different identified food groups to the diet of individual bears. We found no evidence that greater contribution of human food resources, including bait, increased the number of cubs per litter for reproductive females or that human foods comprised a greater part of the diet in years when natural food resources were less abundant. Approximately 69% of black bear harvest occurred over bait. We found the probability of reproductive‐age females to be harvested increased with average representation of human foods with high carbon enrichment (including bait) in their diet, but the relationship was weak, likely because of sampling constraints. Additionally, the probability of being harvested was greater in years when natural food resources were scarce. We conclude that bait is not available on the landscape in large enough amounts or for a sufficient amount of time in Maine to substantially influence female reproduction. Our results indicate hunting over bait is an effective tool in a state that is attempting to maintain a stable bear population via harvest, and dispels conjecture that hunting over bait may increase cub production and offset the intention of harvest.
Transitory sensitivity in automatic chemical kinetic mechanism analysis
Authors: Johnson Matthew S. , McGill Charles J. , Green William H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDetailed chemical kinetic mechanisms are necessary for resolving many important chemical processes. As the chemistry of smaller molecules has become better grounded and quantum chemistry calculations have become cheaper, kineticists have become interested in constructing progressively larger kinetic mechanisms to model increasingly complex chemical processes. These large kinetic mechanisms prove incredibly difficult to refine and time‐consuming to interpret. Traditional sensitivity analysis on a large mechanism can range from inconvenient to practically impossible without special techniques to reduce the computational cost. We first present a new time‐local sensitivity analysis we term transitory sensitivity analysis. Transitory sensitivity analysis is demonstrated in an example to accurately identify traditionally sensitive reactions at an 18,000x speed up over traditional sensitivities. By fusing transitory sensitivity analysis with more traditional time‐local branching, pathway, and cluster analyses, we develop an algorithm for efficient automatic mechanism analysis. This automatic mechanism analysis at a time point is able to identify the reactions a target is most sensitive to using transitory sensitivity analysis and then propose hypotheses why the reaction might be sensitive using branching, pathway, and cluster analyses. We implement these algorithms within the reaction mechanism simulator (RMS) package, which enables us to report the automatic mechanism analysis results in highly readable text formats and in molecular flux diagrams.
Variability of PAH Patterns in Upper Forest Soil (Sub)horizons—A Case Study From South‐Central Poland
Authors: Dołęgowska Sabina , Sołtys Agnieszka , Krzciuk Karina , Wideł Dariusz , Michalik Artur 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of contaminants characterized by their persistent and toxic nature. This study examines the variability in PAH distribution patterns in the upper layers of forest soils, focusing on the influence of different characteristics of individual soil (sub)horizons. A total of 130 samples were collected from five forest areas in south‐central Poland and analyzed for the 16 priority PAHs. Samples were taken from the organic fermentative‐humic (Ofh), humic (A), and humic‐eluvial (AE) (sub)horizons. The highest mean concentrations of total PAHs were found in the subhorizon‐Ofh (Ofh—1547 μg kg−1, A—1103 μg kg−1, AE—109 μg kg−1). The PAH content was significantly correlated with SOM content and pH, but this correlation was only significant in the horizon‐A. The percentage contributions of 3‐, 4‐, 5‐, and 6‐ring compounds to the total PAHs varied among the investigated soil (sub)horizons. The subhorizon‐Ofh had the highest percentage contribution of 6‐ring PAHs, 4‐ and 5‐ring PAHs were most prevalent in the horizon‐A, while 3‐ring compounds in the horizon‐AE. The variability in PAH patterns was also reflected in individual PAH ratios (BaA/BaA+Chr, IcdP/IcdP+BghiP), confirming the different behavior of 4‐, 5‐, and 6‐ring compounds in these (sub)horizons. This suggests that the retention of PAHs in the investigated (sub)horizons is influenced by several factors, including pH, degree of SOM decomposition, and mineral fraction, each to a different extent. Our findings reveal significant knowledge gaps regarding the behavior and accumulation of PAHs in soil (sub)horizons, underscoring the need for further research.
The Inhibitory Tendency of Calamagrostis epigejos and Solidago spp. Depends on the Successional Stage in Postindustrial Vegetation
Authors: Anibaba Quadri A. , Dyderski Marcin K. , Woźniak Gabriela , Jagodziński Andrzej M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn spontaneously vegetated postindustrial areas, we have limited knowledge of whether the known inhibitory tendencies of herbaceous species—Calamagrostis epigejos and Solidago spp.—vary across successional stages. Our study fills this knowledge gap to assess the inhibitory role of the invasive alien and expansive native species with known behavior from the literature. Specifically, we hypothesized: (i) there will be an inhibitory effect of these species on diversity across successional classes; (ii) the effect of a species will depend on the successional class due to abiotic requirements of plant communities in each successional class. We recorded vascular plant species and their abundance across 400 plots on post‐coal mine heaps in Upper Silesia, Poland. We classified spoil heaps into three successional classes (early‐stage; mid‐stage; late‐stage). We calculated plant community taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity and, using generalized linear mixed‐effects models, we estimated predictors of diversity indices across successional classes. While we found no limiting effects of these species on diversity indices across successional classes, the effects of a species depended on the successional stage. We found the impacts of Calamagrostis and Solidago cover on diversity indices in the mid‐successional stage. This implies that the early‐successional stage is controlled by the lottery (random) model of community assembly. However, in the mid‐successional stage, the competitive exploitation mechanism is evident, resulting in declines in diversity indices. Thus, the impacts of Calamagrostis and Solidago on diversity indices are evident in the mid‐successional stage.
Association Between Health Behaviors and Mental Health Among Airline Pilots
Authors: Wilson Daniel , Driller Matthew , Johnston Ben , Gill Nicholas 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLifestyle behaviors including physical activity, sleep, nutrition, smoking, and alcohol consumption are independently associated with health, yet the relationship between these behaviors and mental health has not been explored among airline pilots. The aim of this study was to measure the association between health behaviors and mental health.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among 502 airline pilots. The primary outcome measure was the mental component score (MCS), derived from the Short Form Health Survey 12v2. We collected information regarding age, sex, ethnicity, height, body mass, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking status, moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), fruit and vegetable intake, and sleep duration.ResultsAfter controlling for demographic and anthropometric parameters, MVPA, fruit and vegetable intake, and sleep duration were positively correlated with MCS (p ≤ 0.001), and alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking were negatively correlated with MCS (p ≤ 0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed alcohol consumption was the strongest predictor of MCS (β = −0.308, p ≤ 0.001), followed by smoking (β = −0.236, p ≤ 0.001), MVPA (β = 0.233, p ≤ 0.001), sleep (β = 0.148, p ≤ 0.001), and fruit and vegetable intake (β = 0.097, p = 0.003).ConclusionThe results suggest that greater physical activity, sleep duration, and fruit and vegetable intake are associated with better mental health. Meanwhile, excessive alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking undermine mental health status.
ASLO Opportunities for Students and Early Career Professionals in Aquatic Sciences
Authors: Franco‐Santos Rita M , Bizic Mina , Chen Robert F , Cuker Benjamin , Davis Jeanette , Falkenberg Laura J , Gradoville Mary R , Kambikambi Manda , Kemp Paul F , Kreuser Abigail , Peck Erin K , Schieler Brittany M 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStudents and early career researchers/professionals (ECRs) must increasingly acquire a variety of skills and expand their collaborative networks to become more competitive as they apply for jobs and grants. Funding for skills training and overall availability of opportunities can, however, pose a challenge to this career plan. The Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO) is proud to support the professional development of member and non‐member students and ECRs by offering a myriad of skill‐building programs. These include opportunities to: receive mentoring, travel to ASLO events, expand networks, conduct outreach projects, research exchanges, and internships, better understand scientific publishing, and exercise leadership within the society. In addition, ASLO recognizes the contribution of member students and ECRs to their communities, field, and to the society. Participation in ASLO‐sponsored programs can, thus, assist in the successful transition of students to ECRs, and of ECRs to independent researchers.
Augmented reality experiences: Consumer‐centered augmented reality framework and research agenda
Authors: Barta Sergio , Gurrea Raquel , Flavián Carlos 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSince the launch of Pokémon Go, augmented reality (AR) has been one of the main research areas within new technologies. Integrating digital elements into the physical world presents exceptional opportunities for different sectors, enabling enhanced interactions and experiences. This study conducts a systematic review of AR literature, highlighting the main theories, theoretical frameworks, and research methodologies employed. It also classifies the main types of AR devices and the diverse contexts in which they are applied. Through a comprehensive thematic analysis, four principal areas of current research are identified: (1) media characteristics and consumer outcomes, (2) psychological influential factors and outcomes, (3) AR app features and technology adoption, and (4) recommendations for implementation in the industry and advantages. Furthermore, the study provides key insights and introduces the consumer‐centered AR framework. The article concludes by proposing a future research agenda, highlighting prospective studies that can contribute from the perspective of the content, context, device, and consumer, as well as avenues for future research from a methodological perspective.
Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Contributes to Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Upregulation of KIAA1429 Methyltransferase and mRNA m6A Hypermethylation of HSPG2/Perlecan
Authors: Sivasudhan Enakshi , Zhou Jingxian , Ma Jiongming , Wang Yuanyuan , Liu Siying , Khan Faez Iqbal , Lu Zhiliang , Meng Jia , Blake Neil , Rong Rong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains to be the most common risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While previous work has primarily focussed on understanding the direct and indirect mechanisms of Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx)‐mediated hepatocarcinogenesis, from genetic and epigenetic perspectives, its influence on RNA modification mediated onset of liver malignancies is less well understood. This study explored the role of HBV‐encoded HBx in altering the m6A methylome profile and its implications on the pathogenesis of HCC. We established HBx‐expressing stable HCC cell lines, Huh7‐HBx and HepG2‐HBx, and explored the transcriptomic and epitranscriptomic profiles by RNA‐seq and MeRIP‐seq, respectively. Preliminary results suggest that HBx promotes liver cell proliferation, migration, survival and overall m6A methylation in HCC cells and is involved in modulating the extracellular matrix. We show that HBx mediates liver cell transformation by upregulating KIAA1429 methyltransferase. HBx also drives the expression and hypermethylation of the extracellular matrix protein HSPG2/Perlecan and promotes tumourigenesis. Furthermore, we observed a potential interaction between KIAA1429 and HSPG2 in HCC liver cancer cells and demands further investigation.
Progressive cancer targeting by programmable aptamer‐tethered nanostructures
Authors: Mohammadi Fatemeh , Zahraee Hamed , Zibadi Farkhonde , Khoshbin Zahra , Ramezani Mohammad , Alibolandi Mona , Abnous Khalil , Taghdisi Seyed Mohammad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractScientific research in recent decades has affirmed an increase in cancer incidence as a cause of death globally. Cancer can be considered a plurality of various diseases rather than a single disease, which can be a multifaceted problem. Hence, cancer therapy techniques acquired more accelerated and urgent approvals compared to other therapeutic approaches. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery have been widely adopted as routine cancer treatment strategies to suppress disease progression and metastasis. These therapeutic approaches have lengthened the longevity of countless cancer patients. Nonetheless, some inherent limitations have restricted their application, including insignificant therapeutic efficacy, toxicity, negligible targeting, non‐specific distribution, and multidrug resistance. The development of therapeutic oligomer nanoconstructs with the advantages of chemical solid‐phase synthesis, programmable design, and precise adjustment is crucial for advancing smart targeted drug nanocarriers. This review focuses on the significance of the different aptamer‐assembled nanoconstructs as multifunctional nucleic acid oligomeric nanoskeletons in efficient drug delivery. We discuss recent advancements in the design and utilization of aptamer‐tethered nanostructures to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment. Valuably, this comprehensive review highlights self‐assembled aptamers as the exceptionally intelligent nano‐biomaterials for targeted drug delivery based on their superior stability, high specificity, excellent recoverability, inherent biocompatibility, and versatile functions.
How Does AI Affect the Pay Gap Within Firms: Mechanism Analysis Based on Personnel Structure and Corporate Investment
Authors: Wu Qiang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines how AI impacts the internal pay gap within enterprises. Using data from listed companies in China and a panel data two‐way fixed effect model, findings reveal that AI widens pay gap, with executives in AI‐applied companies earning 0.327 times more than average employees. AI increases executive pay while hindering employee salary growth, especially in nonmanufacturing and private firms. Labor substitution AI reduces employee compensation growth, whereas labor enhancement AI boosts executive pay without affecting employee compensation. AI also influences personnel structure and enterprise investment in fixed assets and R&D, highlighting its “job substitution effect” and “productivity effect”.
Clinical, Preclinical, and Educational Applications of Robotic‐Assisted Flap Reconstruction and Microsurgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Awad Laura , Bollen Edward , Reed Benedict , Langridge Benjamin J. , Jasionowska Sara , Nikkhah Dariush , Butler Peter E. M. , Ponniah Allan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionMicrosurgery and super‐microsurgery allow for highly technical reconstructive surgeries to be performed, with repairs of anatomical areas of less than 1 mm. Robotic‐assisted surgery might allow for further advances within microsurgery, providing higher precision, accuracy, and scope to operate in previously inaccessible anatomical areas. However, robotics is not well‐established within this field.We provide a summary of the clinical and preclinical uses of robotics within flap reconstruction and microsurgery, educational models, and the barriers to widespread implementation.MethodsA systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses was conducted of PubMed, Medline, and Embase. Preclinical, educational, and clinical articles were included.ResultsOne thousand five hundred and forty‐two articles were screened; 87 articles met the inclusion criteria across flap harvest, flap/vessel pedicle dissection, vascular anastomosis, and nerve repair. The literature presents several potential benefits to the surgeon and patient such as high cosmetic satisfaction, minimally invasive access with reduced scarring (flap harvest), and low complication rates. Lack of haptic feedback was reported by authors to not impede the ability to perform vessel anastomosis; however, this required further investigation. A steep learning curve was identified, particularly for microsurgeons embarking upon robotic‐assisted surgery.ConclusionRobotic‐assisted surgery can potentially enhance microsurgery and flap reconstruction, with feasibility demonstrated within this review, up to anastomosis of 0.4 mm in diameter. However, there is a lack of sufficiently powered comparative studies, required to strengthen this statement. To increase accessibility to robotic surgery for plastic and reconstructive surgeons, educational opportunities must be developed with standardized assessment of skill acquisition.