bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Concept of Health, From Definition to Measurement and the Implications of the Reserves‐Based Model for Nursing in France
Authors: Joannès Camille , Crozes Fanny , Kelly‐Irving Michelle , Delpierre Cyrille , Couarraze Sébastien 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo discuss a reserves‐based model of Health, recently developed in the literature, defining Health and moving from conceptual considerations to methods of measuring Health, applicable to nursing practice and research.DesignDiscursive paper.MethodsA discursive paper critically synthesising a reserves‐based model of Health for conceptualising and operationalising Health, with reference to key Health theories from nursing science and social epidemiology.ResultsIn the reserves‐based model of Health, Health was defined as the ability to maintain/restore physical, socioemotional, cognitive and physiological health reserves in order to adapt and self‐manage to life's challenges. Health was measured by the sum of indicators of deterioration of health reserves.ConclusionThe reserves‐based model of Health defining Health through the prism of adaptation reinforces the holistic vision of Health, appropriate to nursing practice, based on the interconnectedness of the whole person and the whole system.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareThis reserves‐based model of Health is likely to modify nursing practices. Nursing diagnosis of patient adaptation could be implemented, in order to offer support care adapted to the patient's capacity to adapt, enabling health promotion strategies to be developed. Nursing research on health reserves is a future promising direction to act on individuals' capacity to adapt.
Transcriptional profiles of peripheral eosinophils in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma—An exploratory study
Authors: Mycroft Katarzyna , Proboszcz Małgorzata , Paplińska‐Goryca Magdalena , Krenke Rafał , Górska Katarzyna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe role of eosinophilic inflammation in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains ambiguous and likely differs from its role in asthma. The molecular processes underlying the differences between eosinophils from asthma and COPD have not been sufficiently studied. The objective of this study was to compare the transcriptomic profiles of blood eosinophils in COPD and asthma. Eosinophils were isolated from peripheral blood drawn from stable mild‐to‐moderate COPD and asthma patients. RNA was isolated from eosinophils and sequenced using an NGSelect RNA. The prepared libraries were sequenced on an Illumina platform. The study group included five patients with asthma and four patients with COPD. The RNA‐Seq data analysis identified 26 differentially expressed genes between COPD and asthma (according to adjusted p‐value). In total, 6 genes were upregulated (e.g. CCL3L1, CCL4L2, GPR82) and 20 were downregulated (e.g. JUN, IFITM3, DUSP1, GNG7) in peripheral eosinophils of COPD patients compared to asthma. The genes associated with signalling of IL‐4 and IL‐13 pathways were downregulated in COPD eosinophils compared to asthma. In conclusion, blood eosinophils from COPD and asthma patients present different transcriptomic profiles suggesting their different function in pathobiology of both obstructive airway diseases. These differences might indicate the direction of the search of targeted therapy in COPD.
Modelling the maternal‐fetal interface: An in vitro approach to investigate nutrient and drug transport across the human placenta
Authors: Fuenzalida Barbara , Basler Virginia , Koechli Nadja , Yi Nan , Staud Frantisek , Albrecht Christiane 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe placenta plays a critical role in maternal‐fetal nutrient transport and fetal protection against drugs. Creating physiological in vitro models to study these processes is crucial, but technically challenging. This study introduces an efficient cell model that mimics the human placental barrier using co‐cultures of primary trophoblasts and primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on a Transwell®‐based system. Monolayer formation was examined over 7 days by determining transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), permeability of Lucifer yellow (LY) and inulin, localization of transport proteins at the trophoblast membrane (immunofluorescence), and syncytialization markers (RT‐qPCR/ELISA). We analysed diffusion‐based (caffeine/antipyrine) and transport‐based (leucine/Rhodamine‐123) processes to study the transfer of physiologically relevant compounds. The latter relies on the adequate localization and function of the amino‐acid transporter LAT1 and the drug transporter P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) which were studied by immunofluorescence microscopy and application of respective inhibitors (2‐Amino‐2‐norbornanecarboxylic acid (BCH) for LAT1; cyclosporine‐A for P‐gp). The formation of functional monolayer(s) was confirmed by increasing TEER values, low LY transfer rates, minimal inulin leakage, and appropriate expression/release of syncytialization markers. These results were supported by microscopic monitoring of monolayer formation. LAT1 was identified on the apical and basal sides of the trophoblast monolayer, while P‐gp was apically localized. Transport assays confirmed the inhibition of LAT1 by BCH, reducing both intracellular leucine levels and leucine transport to the basal compartment. Inhibiting P‐gp with cyclosporine‐A increased intracellular Rhodamine‐123 concentrations. Our in vitro model mimics key aspects of the human placental barrier. It represents a powerful tool to study nutrient and drug transport mechanisms across the placenta, assisting in evaluating safer pregnancy therapies.
The correlation between stigma and treatment adherence, quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Chen Youdi , Yu Qian , Sun Guomin , Han Ziyin , Zhang Yi , Liu Li 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the current status of stigma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and its correlation with treatment adherence and quality of life.MethodsThe convenience sample of 266 patients diagnosed with RA was surveyed at the rheumatology and immunology outpatient department of a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu Province from May 2022 to September 2022. In addition to this, 20 RA patients were purposively sampled for semi‐structured in‐depth interviews, and the data were analysed using content analysis methods.ResultsThe total stigma's score of the 266 participants was (47.8 ± 10.8), which indicates a moderate level of stigma. The mean scores for alienation, stereotype endorsement, perceived discrimination, and social withdrawal were (2.2 ± 0.7), (2.4 ± 0.7), (2.9 ± 0.6), and (2.2 ± 0.6) respectively. A comparison of the average family monthly income, family roles, duration, disease activity, duration of morning stiffness, visual analogue scale score, C‐reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and total stigma score revealed significant differences (p < 0.05). The total treatment adherence score was negatively correlated with the total stigma's score and scores in each dimension (p < 0.05). Similarly, the total psychological health score and total physical health score were negatively correlated with the total stigma score and scores in each dimension (p < 0.05). The qualitative study identified six themes: self‐denial, discrimination, lack of disease‐related knowledge, high medical costs, increased life burden and resistance to stigma.ConclusionStigma affects RA patients' treatment adherence and quality of life negatively. Healthcare workers are advised to develop comprehensive intervention programs that address the current status of stigma, with the aim of controlling disease progression, reducing disability rates, and improving the quality of life for RA patients.
The association between surgical complications and compliance to the World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist: A retrospective analysis of hospital records
Authors: Rossi Nicole , Cortina‐Borja Mario , Golinelli Luca , Bersani Federica , Geraci Marco 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC), now used by healthcare providers worldwide, has proved to be useful in the improvement of patients' health through the reduction of mortality and morbidity after surgery. In the Emilia‐Romagna region in Italy the SSC is accompanied by a document that registers any non‐conformity (NC) identified during SSC completion. This study aimed to investigate the association between surgical complications and checklist compliance, in terms of incompleteness and presence of NCs, using data from the Modena Local Health Unit (LHU).MethodsWe used data from surgeries performed in the Modena LHU between 2018 and 2022, with their SSC and related NC document. We estimated relative risks (RRs) of complications fitting three modified Poisson regression models. Model 1 included checklist incompleteness and NC presence, Model 2 adjusted Model 1 for patients’ sex and age group, and Model 3 adjusted Model 2 for the other potential confounders. We also performed a sensitivity analysis estimating the same three models including death outcomes as complications.ResultsWe found an increased risk of complications for both checklist incompleteness (unadjusted RR [uRR]= 2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17 to 3.54) and presence of NCs (uRR = 2.35; 95% CI: 1.71 to 3.22). Results were consistent after adjustment and in the sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsImproving checklist compliance can reduce the risk of surgical complications. In particular, NCs are a risk factor that must be further investigated to better understand their relationship with complications. We believe that NCs data recording is helpful for both researchers in the scope of surgical complications, and healthcare professionals in the operating room.
Lessons from the Department of Veterans Affairs: A continuum of age‐friendly care for older adults
Authors: Wozneak Kimberly A. , Jindal Shivani K. , Munro Shannon , Huhn Courtney A. , Page Tonya , Edes Thomas E. , Hartronft Scotte R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith almost 90% of Americans expressing a desire to age in place in their home, many health systems and communities are challenged to provide the right resources, at the right time, to support What Matters to older adults. In the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), approximately 50% of Veterans enrolled in VA health care are aged 65 and older, driving an imperative to provide timely, Age‐Friendly care through a broad continuum of services. VA has taken a multifaceted approach to shift Long‐Term Services and Supports to promote aging in place through innovation pilots, expansion of Home and Community Based Services (HCBS) and adoption of Age‐Friendly Health Systems (AFHS) practices [or “framework”]. VA is spreading geriatrics knowledge throughout the clinician and trainee workforce, improving skills and practices across all disciplines and care settings. The framework of AFHS creates a shared language to support transitions across ambulatory, hospital, emergency department, home care, and nursing home settings. Through these efforts, VA is reimagining geriatrics, providing an example of the type of care all older adults want and deserve. Since March 2020, 375 care settings across 132/139 (95%) VA parent facilities have earned AFHS recognition. By incorporating AFHS into the infrastructure of the healthcare system, clinicians are prepared to address What Matters across clinical settings and address common geriatric syndromes. Leaders in a variety of health systems can learn from VA efforts to provide a continuum of Age‐Friendly programs and services that promote independence, function, well‐being and aging in place.
Pathogen Identification and Resistance Screening of Fusarium Basal Rot in Taşköprü Garlic in Türkiye
Authors: Polat Zühtü , Beşirli Gülay , Derviş Sibel , Özer Göksel , Sezer Satı Mehmet , İpek Mehmet 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTFusarium basal rot (FBR), caused by Fusarium spp., is a significant threat to garlic production globally, including in Türkiye, where the unique Taşköprü garlic is highly valued. This study investigated the diversity and aggressiveness of 77 Fusarium isolates obtained from disease surveys of FBR in Taşköprü garlic and evaluated the yield and resistance of 20 garlic accessions, including 18 local landraces, the locally developed ‘Taşköprü 56’, and the commercial Chinese variety ‘ASCG’. Molecular identification using translation elongation factor 1‐α (TEF1) and second largest RNA polymerase II B‐subunit (RPB2) genes revealed F. oxysporum (67.5%) as the dominant species, followed by F. proliferatum (15.6%), F. solani (9.1%), F. redolens (5.2%) and F. clavum (2.6%), respectively. All isolates were pathogenic, but aggressiveness varied, with F. solani being the most aggressive, followed by F. redolens and F. oxysporum. While ‘ASCG’ exhibited the highest yield (3.15 ton/ha), it was highly susceptible to FBR (DSI = 97.50%). Conversely, the landrace ASTK2 displayed the highest resistance (DSI = 53.13%), but lower yield. Promisingly, several Taşköprü landraces, such as ASTK6 and ASTK13, demonstrated both moderate resistance and promising yield potential. Surprisingly, ‘Taşköprü 56’, despite being a locally developed variety, exhibited high susceptibility to FBR (DSI = 93.75%) and did not outperform many landraces in terms of yield. This study provides the first reports of F. redolens and F. clavum infecting garlic in Türkiye, and the first molecular characterisation of F. solani as a garlic pathogen in the country, highlighting the potential of local landraces for breeding FBR‐resistant, high‐yielding cultivars.
Overnight changes in performance fatigability and their relationship to modulated deep sleep oscillations via auditory stimulation
Authors: Carro‐Domínguez Manuel , Huwiler Stephanie , Stich Fabia M. , Sala Rossella , Aziri Florent , Trippel Anna , Heimhofer Caroline , Huber Reto , Meissner Sarah Nadine , Wenderoth Nicole , Lustenberger Caroline 
Published: October 2024

SummaryDeep sleep oscillations are proposed to be central in restoring brain function and to affect different aspects of motor performance such as facilitating the consolidation of motor sequences resulting in faster and more accurate sequence tapping. Yet, whether deep sleep modulates performance fatigability during fatiguing tasks remains unexplored. We investigated overnight changes in tapping speed and resistance against performance fatigability via a finger tapping task. During fast tapping, fatigability manifests as a reduction in speed (or “motor slowing”) which affects all tapping tasks, including motor sequences used to study motor memory formation. We further tested whether overnight changes in performance fatigability are influenced by enhancing deep sleep oscillations using auditory stimulation. We found an overnight increase in tapping speed alongside a reduction in performance fatigability and perceived workload. Auditory stimulation led to a global enhancement of slow waves and both slow and fast spindles during the stimulation window and a local increase in slow spindles in motor areas across the night. However, overnight performance improvements were not significantly modulated by auditory stimulation and changes in tapping speed or performance fatigability were not predicted by individual changes in deep sleep oscillations. Our findings demonstrate overnight changes in fatigability but revealed no evidence suggesting that this effect is causally linked to temporary augmentation of slow waves or sleep spindles. Our results are important for future studies using tapping tasks to test the relationship between sleep and motor memory consolidation, as overnight changes in objectively measured and subjectively perceived fatigue likely impact behavioural outcomes.
Variation in CSR plant strategies along soil and climate gradients: A comparison between rocky outcrops and nearby rangelands
Authors: Rafiee Fahime , Ejtehadi Hamid , Farzam Mohammad , Behroozian Maryam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractQuestionRocky outcrops in mountains represent unique ecosystems characterized by a series of stress‐inducing features on living organisms. Despite numerous studies focusing on plant diversity and species community composition in these ecosystems, less attention has been given to understanding plant strategies in response to their challenging environment. This is essential, especially considering the existence of numerous endemic species facing climate change and human disturbances.LocationThe study was conducted in six sites located in rocky outcrops and their nearby rangelands across a rainfall gradient (160–910 mm) and under different soil fertility levels in northern Iran.MethodsWe used competitor, stress tolerator and ruderal (CSR) strategies as functional groups to examine the responses of plant communities to environmental variation. The composition of plant species and functional traits were evaluated in ninety 1‐m2 plots. The influence of 10 soil and 5 bioclimatic factors on CSR plant strategies was examined along the rainfall gradient.ResultsOur results showed changes in CSR strategies from stress‐tolerant species (S) in rocky outcrops toward intermediate strategies (S/CSR) in rangelands. Soil organic carbon, electrical conductivity and sand were consistently correlated with shifts from S towards C and R strategies in rangelands. Silt and sodium (Na) affected the presence of S strategies in outcrops. The stressful conditions induced by a fine soil texture and Na in outcrops were particularly effective in establishing the dominance of the S strategy.ConclusionsWe identified patterns of shifts in CSR plant strategies that align with changes in environmental gradients. Although stress‐tolerant species (S) were the dominant strategy in most cases, this shifted towards intermediate strategies (SR and CSR) under more benign environmental conditions. In outcrops, these changes were primarily aligned with soil parameters, whereas in rangelands, both soil and climate variables were correlative. However, these correlations varied between soil and climate factors, as well as between outcrop and rangeland landscapes.
Use of synanthropic roosts by bats in Europe and North America
Authors: Lučan Radek K. , Jor Tomáš , Romportl Dušan , Morelli Federico 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Diurnal roosts are vital to bats and growing evidence suggests that bats increasingly exploit synanthropic structures, such as buildings. The use of synanthropic roosts (SRs) has been explained as a consequence of the decreased availability of natural roosts imposed by habitat destruction, although growing evidence suggests that the use of SRs may be beneficial to bats in many ways, including enabling the expansion of distributional ranges.

Based on data from Europe and North America, our study aimed to (1) analyse the proportion of use of synanthropic vs. natural roosts, (2) test the hypothesis that bats are forced to use SRs in response to the destruction of natural habitats, (3) analyse latitudinal variation of the proportion of use of SRs and (4) address the highly contrasting pattern in the proportion of use of SRs between the two continents in the light of historical aspects of coexistence between bats and humans.

We compiled published data on day roosts obtained by means of radio‐telemetry, providing unbiased evidence of the proportion of synanthropic and natural roosts. We compared the obtained patterns between the two continents, analysed the relationship between the proportion of use of SRs, land cover and latitude and analysed historical reconstruction of anthropogenic land use.

In Europe (n = 3385 roosts), SRs were used by twice more (26) bat species and were used 17× more frequently than in North America (n = 6795). We found no support for the hypothesis that bats use SRs in response to habitat destruction. The use of SRs increases with latitude in Europe, but not in North America, despite decreasing areas of human‐altered habitats.

Historical processes related to the length of coexistence between bats and humans on both continents, rather than the current state of nature, may underlie the contrasting patterns observed.
Perceptions of stakeholders on the use of a simplified, combined protocol for treatment of acute malnutrition in Central African Republic
Authors: Ngure Francis M. , Tausanovitch Zachary , Heymsfield Grace A. , Bebelou Siolo Mada , Seboulo Parfait , Tabiojongmbeng Benedict , Dembele Anne Marie , Coulibaly Issa Niamanto , Nikièma Victor , Bailey Jeanette , Kangas Suvi T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTreatment of acute malnutrition requires novel approaches to improve coverage, reduce costs and improve the efficiency of standard protocols that separate the management of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM). The use of simplified, combined protocols to treat both MAM and SAM has drawn research and policy interest among global, regional and national stakeholders. However, the perspectives of local communities and health care workers regarding the use of protocols to treat acute malnutrition in a routine health care system are generally lacking. This was a cross‐sectional mixed‐methods study aimed at assessing the perceptions of different stakeholders on the use of a simplified, combined protocol in two districts in the Central African Republic. Most of the respondents preferred the simplified, combined protocol over the standard protocol. They generally agreed that the protocol was easy to understand, allowed more children to receive treatment and was effective in treating acute malnutrition. The protocol modifications were well received, including the expanded admission criteria, use of mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) only for admission and discharge criteria and reduced and simplified ready‐to‐use therapeutic food quantity to treat MAM and SAM. Some caregivers expressed concern with the use of MUAC only to declare recovery, flagging that underlying illnesses could still be present. The caregivers recommended the provision of other food basket interventions to improve the treatment. The support by caregivers and health care workers on the idea of training community health volunteers to treat acute malnutrition points to the potential of scaling up decentralized treatment to increase coverage in remote areas.