bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling Test of Autothermal Gasification Process Using CFD
Authors: Janoszek Tomasz , Stańczyk Krzysztof , Smoliński Adam 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThere are many complex physical and chemical processes, which take place among the most notable are the chemical reactions, mass and energy transport, and phase transitions. The process itself takes place in a block of coal, which properties are variable and not always easy to determine in the whole volume. The complexity of the phenomena results in the need for a construction of a complex model in order to study the process on the basis of simulation. In the present study attempts to develop a numerical model of the fixed bed coal gasification process in homogeneous solid block with a given geometry were mode. On the basis of analysis and description of the underground coal gasification simulated in the ex-situ experiment, a numerical model of the coal gasification process was developed. The model was implemented with the use of computational fluid dynamic CFD methods. Simulations were conducted using commercial numerical CFD code and the results were verified with the experimental data.
Determination of the Metabolic Rate and Work Arduousness Class for Workers in Coal Mines – The Results of in Situ Research
Authors: Drenda Jan , Kułagowska Ewa , Różański Zenon , Pach Grzegorz , Wrona Paweł , Karolak Izabela 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Considering different duties and activities among miners working in underground coal mines, their work is connected with variable metabolic rate. Determination of this rate for different workplace was the aim of the research and was the base for set up the work arduousness classes for the workplace (according to the standard PN-EN 27243). The research covered 6 coal mines, 268 workers and 1164 series of measurements. Metabolic rate was established on the base of heart rate obtained from individual pulsometers (according to the standard PN-EN ISO 8996). Measurements were supplemented by poll surveys about worker and thermal environment parameters. The results showed significant variability of average heart rate (from 87 bmp to 100 bpm) with variance coefficient 14%. Mean values of metabolic rate were from 150 W/m2 to 207 W/m2. According to the results, the most common class of work arduousness was at moderate metabolic rate (class 2 - moderate work), however, more intense work was found in headings, especially at “ blind end” workplace.
Human Urine Alterations Caused by Apricot Seeds Consumption
Authors: Tušimová Eva , Zbyňovská Katarína , Kováčik Anton , Michalcová Katarína , Halenár Marek , Kolesárová Anna , Kopčeková Jana , Valuch Jozef , Kolesárová Adriana 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Amygdalin is a cyanogenic glucoside derived from various plants seeds. It is a natural product that owns antitumor activity, it has also been used for the treatment of asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, leprosy and diabetes and produces antitussive and antiasthmatic effects. The present in vivo study was designed to reveal whether amygdalin in apricot seeds has got an effect on human urine composition, pH value and urine associated health status after twelve weeks of oral administration. The study group finally consisted of 12 healthy adult volunteers. All participants consumed 60 mg/kg of body weight of bitter apricot seeds daily (approximately 3.0 mg/kg of amygdalin) during 12 weeks. Two urine collections were carried out (at the beginning of the experiment and after 84 days). Quantification of urine calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chlorides, urea and pH value after apricot seeds supplementation was performed. Paired t-test showed, that consumption of bitter apricot seeds during 84 days had a significant (P < 0.01) effect on amount of calcium excreted in urine, though this decrease shifted its level from elevated mean value in control collection into normal physiological range. No significant changes were observed in other parameters after apricot seed ingestion.
Antibacterial Activity of Melissa officinalis L., Mentha piperita L., Origanum vulgare L. and Malva mauritiana against Bacterial Microflora Isolated from Fish
Authors: Klūga Alīna , Terentjeva Margarita , Kántor Attila , Kluz Maciej , Puchalski Czeslaw , Kačániová Miroslava 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to detect the antibacterial activity of medicinal plants against fish microflora. A total of 4 ethanolic extracts of 6 plant species were collected from local environments of Slovakia and screened for antibacterial activity against bacterial microflora. Extracts of Melissa officinalis L., Mentha piperita L., Origanum vulgare L. and Malva mauritiana were used. Bacterial strains were isolated from common bleak (Alburnus alburnus) and common rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus) of Latvian origin. All bacterial strains were identified with the Matrix- Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Among fish microflora, Acinetobacter pittii, A. baumannii, Buttiauxella agrestis, Delftia acidovorans, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia liquefaciens, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, Ps. oryzihabitans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, St. caprae, Pantoea agglomerans, Lelliottia amnigena, Providencia rettgeri, Escherichia coli and Rahnella aquatilis were identified. It has been shown that all plant extracts exhibit different degrees of antimicrobial activity against the tested bacteria. All bacterial strains in the present study were moderate sensitive to all extracts applied. The strongest antimicrobial effect of Malva mauritiana and Melissa officinalis L. against Pseudomonas oryzihabitans (6.67±1.53 resp. 9.67±0.58 mm) were found. The best antimicrobial activity of Mentha piperita L. was against Staphylococcus epidermis (7.33±0.58 mm) and strongest antimicrobial effect of Origanum vulgare L. was same against two bacterial strains Enterobacter cloacae and Serratia liquefaciens (9.67±0.58 mm).
Bibliotheks- und Informationseinrichtungen als Partner für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung
Authors: Wellems Christine 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDer bibliothekarische Weltverband IFLA engagiert sich auf globaler Ebene für bibliotheks- und informationspolitische Themen. Im Rahmen dieserDer Artikel enthält ein Interview mit dem Direktor Policy & Advocacy der IFLA, Stuart Hamilton, der die Verhandlungen für die Agenda 2030 von Anfang an aktiv begleitet hat.
Contribution to the Lithuanian flora of lichens and allied fungi. V.
Authors: Motiejūnaitė Jurga , Lukošienė Ingrida Prigodina , Stončius Darius , Uselienė Asta 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Three species of lichens and four species of lichenicolous fungi were reported as new to Lithuania: Cercidospora macrospora, Didymocyrtis cladoniicola, Miriquidica leucophaea, Montanelia disjuncta, Plectocarpon lichenum, Porpidia nigrocruenta and Telogalla olivieri. Of these, two species, Didymocyrtis cladoniicola and Miriquidica leucophaea, were recorded for the first time in the Baltic States. Three lichens, namely Lecanora sulphurea, Protoparmelia badia and Punctelia subrudecta previously known in Lithuania from literature data were only confirmed with certainty for the first time.
Effect of Glyphosat and Paraquat Herbicides on Weed Control and Productivity of Cotton
Authors: Hameed R.A. , Ajum S. , Afzal M.N. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWeed control management has a vital role in increasing cotton yield and yield components. In cotton crop weed, infestation may harm significant growth and yield loses. To control the weeds under field conditions in cotton crop, different herbicides were selected with different dose levels. Response of various post emergence herbicides at different levels, i.e. Round up 490 G/L at the rate of 4.7 L ha−1, 2.7 L ha−1and 1.5 L ha−1(Glyphosate), Gramoxone 20EC (Paraquat) at the rate of 2.5 L ha−1and untreated (Control) were field experimented against cotton cultivar CIM-473 under field condition at Agronomic Research Area of Central Cotton Research Institute (CCRI) Multan, Pakistan. Significant control of weeds, i.e. number of weeds m−2, fresh weed biomass in g m−2, dry weed biomass in g m−2and increase in yield and yield contributing factors, like number of bolls plant−1, cotton boll weight (g), final cotton plant height (cm) and seed cotton yield (kg ha−1) were observed. The field data for weed control in term of numbers, fresh and dry weight was observed after 10, 20 and 30 days of sowing. It was indicated that the highest significant yield, total number of bolls per plant, fresh weed biomass, dry weed biomass, plant height and weed control were obtained by using herbicide Round up (Glyphosate) at the rate of 4.7 L ha−1, as compared to the other treatments with different application rates including untreated (control). Average boll weight was not significant among treatments, but significant against control. Cost benefit analysis showed that the highest net profit was obtained by the Round up 490 G/L, when treated @ 4.7 L ha−1than all other treatments.
Chronic Hepatitis Due to Gluten Enteropathy – a Case Report
Authors: Ivanova Irina I. , Dukova Denitsa Y. , Boikova Pavlina G. , Grudeva Lili S. , Shalev Ivan B. , Kotzev Iskren A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground:Celiac disease is an immune-mediated enteropathy precipitated by exposure to dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals.Case description:A 45-year-old Caucasian woman presented with severe iron-deficient anemia and mild elevation of liver enzymes. Upper endoscopy was done in the context of evaluation of anemia, which revealed reduced duodenal folds and mosaic pattern of the mucosa, but also grade II esophageal varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy. Duodenal biopsy showed total villous atrophy, diffuse mainly lymphocytic infiltrate, presence of intra-epithelial lymphocytes. Serology test confirmed celiac disease by the typical pattern of high titer positive IgA and IgG antibodies to tissue transglutaminase. Liver biopsy was performed for staging and etiological evaluation, because laboratory screening ruled out common viral, metabolic and autoimmune liver disease. Liver morphology was consistent with chronic hepatitis without findings for extensive fibrosis. Our patient had poor dietary compliance, so we failed to established improvement of liver enzymes and resolution of anemia during follow-up.Conclusions:We would like to stress on the diverse clinical manifestations of celiac disease and the importance of serologic screening with antibodies to tissue transglutaminase in differential diagnosis of chronic liver disease.
Effect of Extracts of Bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) on Amyloglucosidase and α-Glucosidase Activity
Authors: Karcheva-Bahchevanska Diana P. , Lukova Paolina K. , Nikolova Mariana M. , Mladenov Rumen D. , Iliev Ilia N. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground:Vaccinium myrtillusL. is a species belonging to the genusVacciniumof the familyEricaceae. Bilberries have drawn attention due to the multiple benefits for the human health, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-neurodegenerative, and cardioprotective effects. Recently, bilberries were shown to inhibit the activity of carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzymes that can help reduce the intensity of the metabolic syndrome and prevent type 2 diabetes.Aim:In this study, we investigated theα-glucosidase and amyloglucosidase inhibitory activities of polyphenol-rich extracts from fruit ofVaccinium myrtillusL. from different regions in Bulgaria.Materials and methods:The total phenolic content was determined spectrophotometrically using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. With HPLC analysis, phenolic acid composition of extracts was assessed. Enzymatic inhibitory activities were determined according to the methodology by Borooah et al. (1961), and Dewi et al. (2007). Amyloglucosidase assay andα-glucosidase assay were used to measure the inhibition potential of bilberries’ extracts.Results:Phenolic compound content ranged from 1299.60 mg to 510.88 mg GAE/100 g for organic extracts and from 453.63 mg to 290.83 mg GAE/100 g for aqueous extracts. Based on qualitative HPLC analyses, gallic acid and chlorogenic acid were found to be among the major phenolic acids present in bilberries. Methanol and aqueous extracts there were found to be effective inhibitors ofα-glucosidase with an IC50value of 20 μg GAE/ml and 55 μg GAE/ml, respectively.Conclusion:The inhibitory activity of bilberries’ extracts towardsα-glucosidase offers the patients with type 2 diabetes the opportunity to manage their own glycaemic levels with a diet.
The Impact of Hyperglycemia on VEGF Secretion in Retinal Endothelial Cells
Authors: Caprnda Martin , Kubatka Peter , Saxena Sandeep , Valaskova Jela , Stefanickova Jana , Kobyliak Nazarii , Zulli Anthony , Kruzliak Peter 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground:Diabetic retinopathy is a serious sight-threatening complication which is manifested by excessive angiogenesis in diabetic patients.Aim:We hypothesize that cultured Rhesus monkey retinal endothelial cells (RhRECs) respond to high glucose with a change in cell proliferation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion.Materials and methods:In our study, 20 000 cells per well were treated without glucose or with 5.5 mM, 18.5 mM and 30 mM glucose for 24 hours. Viable cells were counted using trypan blue dye exclusion method. VEGF concentrations were measured in cell media by ELISA method.Results:The number of viable cells incubated with 5.5 mM glucose increased significantly by 53.7% after 24 hours. In comparison, the number of viable cells decreased by 2.8% at 18.5 mM of glucose and by 20.4% at 30 mM of glucose after 24 hours of incubation. In contrast to this effect of glucose on the number of viable cells, a significant increase in VEGF levels (pg/mL) in the cell media with a glucose concentration of 0 mM compared to 5.5 mM of glucose was found. VEGF secretion in cell medium with 18.5 and 30 mM of glucose increased non-significantly in comparison with euglycemic levels.Conclusion:Our results show that viability of retinal endothelial cells and VEGF release are highly responsive to changes in glucose concentration. Such glucose-induced changes in retinal endothelial cells may negatively impact the integrity of the microvasculature in the diabetic retina leading to angiogenesis and microaneursym.
Phenotypes Determined by Cluster Analysis in Moderate to Severe Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Youroukova Vania M. , Dimitrova Denitsa G. , Valerieva Anna D. , Lesichkova Spaska S. , Velikova Tsvetelina V. , Ivanova-Todorova Ekaterina I. , Tumangelova-Yuzeir Kalina D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground:Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease that includes various subtypes. They may share similar clinical characteristics, but probably have different pathological mechanisms.Aim:To identify phenotypes using cluster analysis in moderate to severe bronchial asthma and to compare differences in clinical, physiological, immunological and inflammatory data between the clusters.Patients and methods:Forty adult patients with moderate to severe bronchial asthma out of exacerbation were included. All underwent clinical assessment, anthropometric measurements, skin prick testing, standard spirometry and measurement fraction of exhaled nitric oxide. Blood eosinophilic count, serum total IgE and periostin levels were determined. Two-step cluster approach, hierarchical clustering method and k-mean analysis were used for identification of the clusters.Results:We have identified four clusters. Cluster 1 (n=14) - late-onset, non-atopic asthma with impaired lung function, Cluster 2 (n=13) - late-onset, atopic asthma, Cluster 3 (n=6) - late-onset, aspirin sensitivity, eosinophilic asthma, and Cluster 4 (n=7) - early-onset, atopic asthma.Conclusions:Our study is the first in Bulgaria in which cluster analysis is applied to asthmatic patients. We identified four clusters. The variables with greatest force for differentiation in our study were: age of asthma onset, duration of diseases, atopy, smoking, blood eosinophils, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs hypersensitivity, baseline FEV1/FVC and symptoms severity. Our results support the concept of heterogeneity of bronchial asthma and demonstrate that cluster analysis can be an useful tool for phenotyping of disease and personalized approach to the treatment of patients.
Expectant management in di-chorionic pregnancies complicated by discordant anomalous twin
Authors: Algeri Paola , Russo Francesca M. , Incerti Maddalena , Cozzolino Sabrina , Pelizzoni Francesca , Bernasconi Davido P. , Montanelli Luca , Locatelli Luca , Vergani Patrizia 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFetal malformations are more frequent in twins than in singletons. The aim of our study was to define the influence of a malformed twin on di-chorionic pregnancy outcomes. We performed a retrospective cohort study of di-chorionic pregnancies delivered between 2000 and 2015. Exclusion criteria were: both twins affected by fetal malformations, double intra-uterine fetal death in pregnancies without fetal malformation, selective feticide and therapeutic pregnancy termination. We compared maternal and fetal outcomes of di-chorionic pregnancies not complicated by fetal malformations with pregnancies affected by a single malformed fetus with conservative management. We included 642 di-chorionic pregnancies: 56 (case group, 8.7%) with one twin affected by a malformation (20 minor, 36 major ones), 586 (control group, 91.3%) without fetal malformation. No differences were found on maternal and not malformed co-twin outcomes when compared to pregnancies with no malformation; case vs control group presented similar rates of preeclampsia (8.9% vs. 10.8%, respectively), intrauterine growth restriction (7.1% vs. 9.4%) and composite adverse neonatal outcomes (19.6% vs. 15.1%). No case of fetal death in not malformed co-twin was reported. Expectant management could be a safe option for both mother and co-twin in case of di-chorionic twin pregnancy complicated by only one malformed fetus.
Properties of thin ZnS:Mn films sprayed by improved method: The role of Mn2+ ion concentration
Authors: Zaware Rangnath V. , Borse Ratan Y. , Wagh Bhiva G. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Undoped and Mn-doped thin ZnS films were deposited on ordinary glass substrates at temperature of 450 °C by an improved spray pyrolysis (ISP) method. The ISP parameters, such as carrier gas flow rate, solution flow rate and substrate temperature, were controlled with accuracy ±0.25 Lpm, ±1 mL/h and ±1 °C, respectively. A pulse-spray mode of the method was used to spray the precursor solution. Thin film samples were prepared for Mn-doping with the concentrations of 0 at.%, 1 at.%, 3 at.%, 6 at.%, 8 at.% and 12 at.% relative to Zn in the spray solution. The Mn-doping concentration dependent chemical composition, surface morphology, and structural, optical and photoluminescence (PL) properties were studied. All the thin films were well adherent, nearly stoichiometric, dense, uniform, and possessed cubic crystal structure with preferential orientation along h〈1 1 1〉 direction. A slight enhancement in structural properties, an increase in band gap, and a decrease in refractive index and dielectric constant with Mn-doping concentration were observed. The PL spectra of Mn-doped thin ZnS films at room temperature exhibited both the 490 nm blue defect-related emission and the 590 nm yellow-orange Mn2+ ion related emission. The observed yellow-orange emission intensity was maximum for 3 at.% of Mn-doping concentration in the spray solution.
Effects of preparation methods of mixed calcium and zinc thermal stabilizers derived from dimer fatty acid and tung-oil based C22 triacid on properties of PVC
Authors: Li Mei , Wang Mei , Li Shouhai , Huang Kun , Mao Wei , Xia Jianling 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Calcium and zinc salts of dimer fatty acids (DFA-Ca and DFA-Zn) were synthesized using direct neutralization and metathesis technologies, respectively. The adduct of maleic anhydride and methyl eleostearate (MAME) was also converted to the corresponding zinc soap (C22TA-Zn) and calcium soap (C22TA-Ca) by the two different synthetic routes. Mixed Ca/Zn salts between DFA-Ca and DFA-Zn, and between C22TA-Zn and C22TA-Ca were used as thermal stabilizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The PVC thermal stability was determined using Congo red test, discoloration test, torque rheological analysis and TGA. Dynamic mechanical properties were also tested. Results indicated that the DFA-Ca/DFA-Zn thermal stabilizer from direct neutralization technology was found to be superior to that of the metathesis product. The C22TA-Ca/C22TA-Zn thermal stabilizer from direct neutralization method had overall superior thermal stability, and displayed modulus and glass transition comparable to that of metathesis product. Direct neutralization method was more excellent and convenient than metathesis technology.
Thermal stability of the elastomeric anti-trauma pad
Authors: Olszewska Karolina , Zielinska Dorota , Struszczyk Marcin H. , Wierzbicki Łukasz , Leonowicz Marcin K. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The elastomeric anti-trauma pad (EA-TP) based on shear thickening fluid (STF) has been developed. Dynamic oscillatory shear experiment was conducted at constant strain amplitude of 5%. STF composed of 25% of volume fraction of 7 nm Fumed Silica, dispersed in polypropylene glycol with molar mass 400 gmol−1 shows elastic properties in entire investigated range of the frequency. Ballistic tests of EA-TP with 7.62 mm × 39 mm PS bullets were performed according to the PN-V-87000:2011 standard. The studies revealed about 60% reduction of the average backface signature depth (BSD) for the EA-TP, when compared to the nowadays commonly used soft insert. The ATR-FTIR analysis confirmed slight impact of the elevated temperature and air (oxygen) on the chemical degradation of the EA-TP surface. The UV-VIS spectroscopy has allowed to notice colour deviation of the aged samples towards green and yellow, as well as lack of dye resistance to accelerated aging process. Thermographic analysis has shown no visible changes of the EA-TP surface and sub-surface during accelerated aging process. The aforementioned small changes on the surface of EA-TP did not affect the ballistic properties of composite armour. EA-TP insert maintains ballistic properties after accelerated aging process which was simulating the period of 6 years according to ASTM F1980 – 07:2002 standard.
Parametrising arbitrary constructions
Authors: Pescarini Diego 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis article aims to reconsider some restrictions on the distribution of of the arbitrarysi/sein Romance. The main theoretical tenet of the work is that the observed cross-linguistic variation results from a set of micro-parameters ruling the merging site ofsi/seand the agree relations occurring betweensi/seand probing elements such as v and T. In particular, the proposed model aims to account for languages allowingsi/seto occur with unaccusative verbs, but not with passive, copular constructions, and with accusative clitics.