bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed inhibition of tonic inhibition enhances functional recovery following experimental ischemic stroke
Authors: Orfila James E , Grewal Himmat , Dietz Robert M , Strnad Frank , Shimizu Takeru , Moreno Myriam , Schroeder Christian , Yonchek Joan , Rodgers Krista M , Dingman Andra , Bernard Timothy J , Quillinan Nidia , Macklin Wendy B , Traystman Richard J , Herson Paco S 
Published: December 2017

The current study focuses on the ability to improve cognitive function after stroke with interventions administered at delayed/chronic time points. In light of recent studies demonstrating delayed GABA antagonists improve motor function, we utilized electrophysiology, biochemistry and neurobehavioral methods to investigate the role of α5 GABAA receptors on hippocampal plasticity and functional recovery following ischemic stroke. Male C57Bl/6 mice were exposed to 45 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and analysis of synaptic and functional deficits performed 7 or 30 days after recovery. Our findings indicate that hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) is impaired 7 days after stroke and remain impaired for at least 30 days. We demonstrate that ex vivo administration of L655,708 reversed ischemia-induced plasticity deficits and importantly, in vivo administration at delayed time-points reversed stroke-induced memory deficits. Western blot analysis of hippocampal tissue reveals proteins responsible for GABA synthesis are upregulated (GAD65/67 and MAOB), increasing GABA in hippocampal interneurons 30 days after stroke. Thus, our data indicate that both synaptic plasticity and memory impairments observed after stroke are caused by excessive tonic GABA activity, making inhibition of specific GABA activity at delayed timepoints a potential therapeutic approach to improve functional recovery and reverse cognitive impairments after stroke.
Morphologic Properties of Cartilage Lesions in the Knee Arthroscopically Prepared by the Standard Curette Technique Are Inferior to Lesions Prepared by Specialized Chondrectomy Instruments
Authors: Blasiak Adrian , Whyte Graeme P. , Matlak Adrian , Brzóska Roman , Sadlik Boguslaw 
Published: December 2017

Background: Cartilage lesion preparation is an important component to cartilage repair procedures, given the effect of prepared lesion morphology on the formation of durable and well-integrated repair tissue. Purpose: To compare the quality of arthroscopic cartilage lesion debridement performed by (1) the standard curette (SC) technique and (2) specialized chondrectomy (CM) instruments, to provide technical guidance for optimization of cartilage lesion preparation in the setting of arthroscopic cartilage repair. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Articular cartilage lesions of standardized size (8 × 15 mm) were demarcated within the trochlea and femoral condyles of 20 human cadaver knee specimens. Orthopaedic surgeons performed arthroscopic lesion preparation using 2 techniques that consisted of SC preparation and preparation by CM instruments. A histologic comparative analysis was performed within each treatment group and between treatment groups to evaluate the morphology of prepared cartilage defects. Results: The mean angle deviation from perpendicular of the cartilage wall at the front of the prepared cartilage lesions was significantly greater in the SC group versus the CM group (29.8° ± 21.4° vs 7.7° ± 7.6°, P < .001). In lesions prepared via the SC technique, the cartilage walls at the front of the prepared lesions were significantly less perpendicular than the cartilage walls at the rear of the lesions (29.8° ± 21.4° vs 11.0° ± 10.3°, P < .001), whereas lesions prepared by the CM technique demonstrated comparable verticality of surrounding cartilage walls at the front and rear aspects of the lesions (7.7° ± 7.6° vs 9.4° ± 12.3°, P = .827). Depth of lesion debridement was accomplished to the target level by the CM technique in 86% of prepared lesions, compared with 34% of lesions in the SC group. The prepared cartilage wall profile was characterized as the most ideal morphology in 55% of prepared lesions in the CM group, as opposed to 10% in the SC group. Conclusion: Arthroscopic cartilage lesion preparation with SC instruments results in superior perpendicularity of surrounding cartilage walls to subchondral bone and greater consistency of debrided lesion depth, as compared with the standard debridement technique with curettes. Clinical Relevance: Arthroscopic preparation using standard curette technique leads to suboptimal morphologic characteristics of prepared lesions that likely affect the quality of repair tissue, compared to preparation using specialized chondrectomy instruments.
Chronic Disease, Prescription Medications, and Food Purchases
Authors: Rahkovsky Ilya , Anekwe Tobenna , Gregory Christian 
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Diet-related chronic diseases like diabetes can be dangerous and expensive to treat, especially for patients who do not follow a recommended diet. Meanwhile, prescription drugs can alleviate the symptoms of or control many diet-related chronic diseases, but these drugs may also weaken the resolve to follow recommended diets (moral hazard). Design: We measure the effect of a diagnosis of chronic disease and subsequent pharmacological treatment on the dietary quality of food purchases using a large panel data set of US consumers. We estimate the effect of prescription drug utilization on food purchases for the following chronic diseases: type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, heart disease, and obesity. Participants: Panelists of the Information Resources, Inc consumer panel. Measures: Dietary quality is measured as purchases of (1) food groups (ie, fruit, vegetables, and sweets) and (2) nutrients (ie, saturated fat, fiber, sodium, sugar, and total calories). Analysis: Linear regression with mixed effects on pooled panel (household random effects, city fixed effects). Results/Conclusion: We do not find strong effects of either diagnosis or pharmacological treatment of diet-related disease on food purchases.
Adherence Over Time: The Course of Adherence to Customized Diabetic Insoles as Objectively Assessed by a Temperature Sensor
Authors: Ehrmann Dominic , Spengler Monika , Jahn Michael , Niebuhr Dea , Haak Thomas , Kulzer Bernhard , Hermanns Norbert 
Published: December 2017

Background: Temperature sensors are an objective way to assess adherence to diabetic footwear. Good adherence is essential for the prevention of diabetic foot problems. Little is known about the long-term course of adherence in patients at risk for diabetic foot problems. Method: A temperature sensor was incorporated into the specialized footwear of patients with type 2 diabetes after their first plantar ulceration. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze when patients started to become nonadherent (not wearing the footwear for two straight weeks). Gender effects on adherence were also analyzed. Results: 26 patients with a mean observation time of 133.5 days could be analyzed. Mean wearing time of diabetic footwear was 4.2 ± 3.6 h/day (Mdn = 3.4 h/day; interquartile range = 0.5-7.0 h/day) and on 51% of the days patients did not wear their footwear at all. Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that the mean time of adherence was 27.5 weeks. Men achieved a mean time of adherence of 30.5 weeks, while women only achieved 14 weeks. However, due to the small sample size, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Temperature sensors revealed a low long-term adherence to diabetic footwear. Women seemed to be at a higher risk for earlier nonadherent behavior. Adherence to diabetic footwear should be closely monitored and tailored intervention strategies should be developed.
Interventions to reduce medication errors in neonatal care: a systematic review
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Nha Rhylie , Mosel Cassandra , Grzeskowiak Luke E. 
Published: December 2017

Background: Medication errors represent a significant but often preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of interventions to reduce neonatal medication errors. Methods: A systematic review was undertaken of all comparative and noncomparative studies published in any language, identified from searches of PubMed and EMBASE and reference-list checking. Eligible studies were those investigating the impact of any medication safety interventions aimed at reducing medication errors in neonates in the hospital setting. Results: A total of 102 studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria, including 86 comparative and 16 noncomparative studies. Medication safety interventions were classified into six themes: technology ( n = 38; e.g. electronic prescribing), organizational ( n = 16; e.g. guidelines, policies, and procedures), personnel ( n = 13; e.g. staff education), pharmacy ( n = 9; e.g. clinical pharmacy service), hazard and risk analysis ( n = 8; e.g. error detection tools), and multifactorial ( n = 18; e.g. any combination of previous interventions). Significant variability was evident across all included studies, with differences in intervention strategies, trial methods, types of medication errors evaluated, and how medication errors were identified and evaluated. Most studies demonstrated an appreciable risk of bias. The vast majority of studies (>90%) demonstrated a reduction in medication errors. A similar median reduction of 50–70% in medication errors was evident across studies included within each of the identified themes, but findings varied considerably from a 16% increase in medication errors to a 100% reduction in medication errors. Conclusion: While neonatal medication errors can be reduced through multiple interventions aimed at improving the medication use process, no single intervention appeared clearly superior. Further research is required to evaluate the relative cost-effectiveness of the various medication safety interventions to facilitate decisions regarding uptake and implementation into clinical practice.
Chest physician-reported, work-related, long-latency respiratory disease in Great Britain
Authors: Carder Melanie , Darnton Andrew , Gittins Matthew , Stocks S. Jill , Ross David , Barber Chris M. , Agius Raymond M. 
Published: December 2017

Much of the current burden of long-latency respiratory disease (LLRD) in Great Britain is attributed to historical asbestos exposure. However, continuing exposure to other agents, notably silica, also contributes to disease burden. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of work-related LLRD reported by chest physicians in Great Britain, including variations by age, gender, occupation and suspected agent.LLRD incidence and incidence rate ratios by occupation were estimated (1996–2014). Mesothelioma cases by occupation were compared with proportional mortality ratios.Cases were predominantly in men (95%) and 92% of all cases were attributed to asbestos. Annual average incidence rates (males) per 100 000 were: benign pleural disease, 7.1 (95% CI 6.0–8.2); mesothelioma, 5.4 (4.8–6.0); pneumoconiosis, 1.9 (1.7–2.2); lung cancer, 0.8 (0.6–1.0); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 0.3 (0.2–0.4). Occupations with a particularly high incidence of LLRD were miners and quarrymen (COPD), plumbers and gas fitters (asbestosis), and shipyard and dock workers (all other categories). There was a clear concordance between cases of SWORD mesothelioma and proportional mortality ratios by occupation.Occupationally caused LLRD continues to contribute to a significant disease burden. Many cases are attributable to past exposure to agents such as asbestos and silica, but the potential for occupational exposures persists.
A standardised method for interpreting the association between mutations and phenotypic drug resistance inMycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Miotto Paolo , Tessema Belay , Tagliani Elisa , Chindelevitch Leonid , Starks Angela M. , Emerson Claudia , Hanna Debra , Kim Peter S. , Liwski Richard , Zignol Matteo , Gilpin Christopher , Niemann Stefan , Denkinger Claudia M. , Fleming Joy , Warren Robin M. , Crook Derrick , Posey James , Gagneux Sebastien , Hoffner Sven , Rodrigues Camilla , Comas Iñaki , Engelthaler David M. , Murray Megan , Alland David , Rigouts Leen , Lange Christoph , Dheda Keertan , Hasan Rumina , Ranganathan Uma Devi K. , McNerney Ruth , Ezewudo Matthew , Cirillo Daniela M. , Schito Marco , Köser Claudio U. , Rodwell Timothy C. 
Published: December 2017

A clear understanding of the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance inMycobacterium tuberculosisis required to accelerate the development of rapid drug susceptibility testing methods based on genetic sequence.Raw genotype–phenotype correlation data were extracted as part of a comprehensive systematic review to develop a standardised analytical approach for interpreting resistance associated mutations for rifampicin, isoniazid, ofloxacin/levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, amikacin, kanamycin, capreomycin, streptomycin, ethionamide/prothionamide and pyrazinamide. Mutation frequencies in resistant and susceptible isolates were calculated, together with novel statistical measures to classify mutations as high, moderate, minimal or indeterminate confidence for predicting resistance.We identified 286 confidence-graded mutations associated with resistance. Compared to phenotypic methods, sensitivity (95% CI) for rifampicin was 90.3% (89.6–90.9%), while for isoniazid it was 78.2% (77.4–79.0%) and their specificities were 96.3% (95.7–96.8%) and 94.4% (93.1–95.5%), respectively. For second-line drugs, sensitivity varied from 67.4% (64.1–70.6%) for capreomycin to 88.2% (85.1–90.9%) for moxifloxacin, with specificity ranging from 90.0% (87.1–92.5%) for moxifloxacin to 99.5% (99.0–99.8%) for amikacin.This study provides a standardised and comprehensive approach for the interpretation of mutations as predictors ofM. tuberculosisdrug-resistant phenotypes. These data have implications for the clinical interpretation of molecular diagnostics and next-generation sequencing as well as efficient individualised therapy for patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Cytokine signatures in chronic fatigue syndrome patients: a Case Control Study and the effect of anakinra treatment
Authors: Roerink Megan E. , Knoop Hans , Bronkhorst Ewald M. , Mouthaan Henk A. , Hawinkels Luuk J. A. C. , Joosten Leo A. B. , van der Meer Jos W. M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundCytokine disturbances have been suggested to be associated with the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) for decades.MethodsFifty female CFS patients were included in a study on the effect of the interleukin-1-receptor antagonist anakinra or placebo during 4 weeks. EDTA plasma was collected from patients before and directly after treatment. At baseline, plasma samples were collected at the same time from 48 healthy, age-matched female neighborhood controls. A panel of 92 inflammatory markers was determined in parallel in 1 μL samples using a ‘proximity extension assay’ (PEA) based immunoassay. Since Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) were not included in this platform, these cytokines were measured with ELISA.ResultsIn CFS/ME patients, the ‘normalized protein expression’ value of IL-12p40 and CSF-1 was significantly higher (p value 0.0042 and 0.049, respectively). Furthermore, using LASSO regression, a combination of 47 markers yielded a prediction model with a corrected AUC of 0.73. After correction for multiple testing, anakinra had no effect on circulating cytokines. TGF-β did not differ between patients and controls.ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study demonstrated increased IL-12p40 and CSF-1 concentrations in CFS/ME patients in addition to a set of predictive biomarkers. There was no effect of anakinra on circulating cytokines other than IL-1Ra.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT02108210, Registered April 2014
Manipulation of dipeptidylpeptidase 10 in mouse and human in vivo and in vitro models indicates a protective role in asthma
Authors: Zhang Youming , Poobalasingam Thanushiyan , Yates Laura L. , Walker Simone A. , Taylor Martin S. , Chessum Lauren , Harrison Jackie , Tsaprouni Loukia , Adcock Ian M. , Lloyd Clare M. , Cookson William O. , Moffatt Miriam F. , Dean Charlotte H. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
We previously identified dipeptidylpeptidase 10 (DPP10) on chromosome 2 as a human asthma susceptibility gene, through positional cloning. Initial association results were confirmed in many subsequent association studies but the functional role of DPP10 in asthma remains unclear. Using the MRC Harwell N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) DNA archive, we identified a point mutation in Dpp10 that caused an amino acid change from valine to aspartic acid in the β-propeller region of the protein. Mice carrying this point mutation were recovered and a congenic line was established (Dpp10145D). Macroscopic examination and lung histology revealed no significant differences between wild-type and Dpp10145D/145D mice. However, after house dust mite (HDM) treatment, Dpp10 mutant mice showed significantly increased airway resistance in response to 100 mg/ml methacholine. Total serum IgE levels and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) eosinophil counts were significantly higher in homozygotes than in control mice after HDM treatment. DPP10 protein is present in airway epithelial cells and altered expression is observed in both tissue from asthmatic patients and in mice following HDM challenge. Moreover, knockdown of DPP10 in human airway epithelial cells results in altered cytokine responses. These results show that a Dpp10 point mutation leads to increased airway responsiveness following allergen challenge and provide biological evidence to support previous findings from human genetic studies.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
A PLATAFORMA METODOLÓGICA DO CUSTEIO BASEADO EM ATIVIDADE E TEMPO (TDABC) NO ÂMBITO DA PRESTAÇÃO DE SERVIÇOS DE RECICLAGEM DE PLÁSTICOS
Authors: Pereira Francisco Isidro 
Published: December 2017

Há uma falsa ideia de que os modelos de gestão disponíveis são incompatíveis com estruturas empresariais de frágeis sustentação administrativa. Não obstante, qualquer que seja o ângulo de visão de funcionamento de uma empresa, ela é constituída de um conjunto de atividades, as quais são regidas por gastos. Sob esse raciocínio, a teoria disponibiliza meios de explicitar tais atividades e identificar os recursos e os gastos decorrentes. A plataforma metodológica do custeio baseado em atividades e tempo (TD-ABC), é um dos métodos mais requintado. Sob essa perspectiva, decidiu-se contrastar o modelo delineando a pergunta condutora da investigação: quão preciso é a medição dos gastos do processo de reciclagem de plástico de uma unidade empresarial. Portanto, o objetivo descortinado foi aferir a precisão da lógica do método TD-ABC na apuração dos gastos decorrente do processo de reciclagem de plástico pós-consumo. O método do case research foi o adequado, e a coleta foi baseada em entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação seletiva. A configuração do modelo se mostrou simples e de fácil entendimento, sendo possível proporcionar insights quanto às oportunidades para melhorias operacionais.
Burden of neurodevelopmental disorders in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bitta Mary , Kariuki Symon M. , Abubakar Amina , Newton Charles R.J.C 
Published: December 2017

Background: Childhood mortality from infectious diseases has declined steadily in many low and middle-income (LAMIC) countries, with increased recognition of non-communicable diseases such as neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). There is lack of data on the burden of NDD in LAMIC. Current global burden of these disorders are largely extrapolated from high-income countries. The main objective of the study was therefore to estimate the burden of NDD in LAMIC using meta-analytic techniques. Methods: We systematically searched online databases including Medline/PubMed, PsychoInfo, and Embase for studies that reported prevalence or incidence of NDD. Pooled prevalence, heterogeneity and risk factors for prevalence were determined using meta-analytic techniques. Results: We identified 4,802 records, but only 51 studies met the eligibility criteria. Most studies were from Asia (52.2%) and most were on neurological disorders (63.1%). The median pooled prevalence per 1,000 for all NDD was 7.6 (95%CI 7.5-7.7), being 11.3 (11.7-12.0) for neurological disorders and 3.2 (95%CI 3.1-3.3) for mental conditions such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The type of NDD was significantly associated with the greatest prevalence ratio in the multivariable model (PR=2.6(95%CI 0.6-11.6) (P>0.05). Incidence was only reported for epilepsy (mean of 447.7 (95%CI 415.3-481.9) per 100,000). Perinatal complications were the commonest risk factor for NDD. Conclusion: The burden of NDD in LAMIC is considerable. Epidemiological surveys on NDD should screen all types of NDD to provide reliable estimates.
Enseñanza de la historia escolar. Un aporte al desarrollo del pensamiento crítico
Authors: Godoy Vera Fernando 
Published: December 2017

El estudio es el resultado de una investigación cualitativa realizada con un grupo de profesores y profesoras que imparten clases de historia en centros de educación secundaria de Chile, que indaga en sus ideas sobre qué puede aportar la enseñanza de la historia al desarrollo del pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes. La información obtenida a través de cuestionarios, entrevistas y análisis curricular evidencia que los docentes consideran el pensamiento crítico como un proceso continuo de desarrollo de habilidades intelectuales, sociales e históricas. El profesorado también considera que el pensamiento crítico debe enseñar a los estudiantes a pensar y actuar de manera razonada y autónoma frente a situaciones de su entorno social. El desarrollo de habilidades intelectuales y sociales puede ser abordado desde cualquier disciplina, pero la historia escolar tiene un papel fundamental en la formación del pensamiento crítico. Los docentes son conscientes de esta realidad, pero no siempre realizan una enseñanza que forme el pensamiento histórico y ayude al alumnado a desarrollar una conciencia histórica, que es la aportación más relevante de la enseñanza de la historia a la formación del pensamiento crítico.
Prognostic Intake of Molecular Markers in Lung Cancer The Pulmonologist Point Of View
Authors: Dantes Elena , Tofolean Doina Ecaterina , Fildan Ariadna Petronela , Mazilu Laura , Gogonea Ioana , Dumitrache-Rujinski S. , Arghir Oana Cristina 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the most frequent pathologies in Pulmonology Departments. Tumor extension, histopathological types, and treatment influence the prognosis and survival in lung cancer. Five years survival dramatically decreases for the 4th-stage of the disease. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the vast majority of lung cancers. In the last decades, important findings have been made on identifying standardized molecular biomarkers that control tumor growth in lung adenocarcinoma. The discovery of new drugs led to the increased survival, even in extensive forms of the disease. The greatest advances could be obtained by targeting EGFR genetic mutations or EML4-ALK translocate in patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma lung cancer