bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redox Switching of Orthoquinone‐Containing Aromatic Compounds with Hydrogen and Oxygen Gas
Authors: Urakawa Kazuki , Sumimoto Michinori , Arisawa Mitsuhiro , Matsuda Masaki , Ishikawa Hayato 
Published: May 2016

AbstractUnique redox switching of orthoquinone‐containing pentacyclic aromatic compounds with molecular hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of a palladium nanoparticle catalyst (SAPd) is disclosed. These molecules were predicted by in silico screening before synthesis. Efficient protocols for the synthesis of orthoquinone‐containing aromatic compounds by palladium‐mediated homocoupling and the benzoin condensation reaction were developed. Clear switching between orthoquinone and aromatic hydroquinone compounds was observed on the basis of their photoluminescence properties. Furthermore, the twist strain of the orthoquinone moiety could induce dramatic changes in color and emission.
NH‐Heterocyclic Aryliodonium Salts and their Selective Conversion into N1‐Aryl‐5‐iodoimidazoles
Authors: Wu Yichen , Izquierdo Susana , Vidossich Pietro , Lledós Agustí , Shafir Alexandr 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of N‐arylimidazoles substituted at the sterically encumbered 5‐position is a challenge for modern synthetic approaches. A new family of imidazolyl aryliodonium salts is reported, which serve as a stepping stone on the way to selective formation of N1‐aryl‐5‐iodoimidazoles. Iodine acts as a “universal” placeholder poised for replacement by aryl substituents. These new λ3‐iodanes are produced by treating the NH‐imidazole with ArI(OAc)2, and are converted to N1‐aryl‐5‐iodoimidazoles by a selective copper‐catalyzed aryl migration. The method tolerates a variety of aryl fragments and is also applicable to substituted imidazoles.
Constitutional Dynamics of Metal–Organic Motifs on a Au(111) Surface
Authors: Kong Huihui , Zhang Chi , Xie Lei , Wang Likun , Xu Wei 
Published: May 2016

AbstractConstitutional dynamic chemistry (CDC), including both dynamic covalent chemistry and dynamic noncovalent chemistry, relies on reversible formation and breakage of bonds to achieve continuous changes in constitution by reorganization of components. In this regard, CDC is considered to be an efficient and appealing strategy for selective fabrication of surface nanostructures by virtue of dynamic diversity. Although constitutional dynamics of monolayered structures has been recently demonstrated at liquid/solid interfaces, most of molecular reorganization/reaction processes were thought to be irreversible under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions where CDC is therefore a challenge to be achieved. Here, we have successfully constructed a system that presents constitutional dynamics on a solid surface based on dynamic coordination chemistry, in which selective formation of metal–organic motifs is achieved under UHV conditions. The key to making this reversible switching successful is the molecule–substrate interaction as revealed by DFT calculations.
Visualizing the Dynamics of Temperature‐ and Solvent‐Responsive Soft Crystals
Authors: Pang Jiandong , Liu Caiping , Huang Yougui , Wu Mingyan , Jiang Feilong , Yuan Daqiang , Hu Falu , Su Kongzhao , Liu Guoliang , Hong Maochun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe demonstrate that three flexible MOFs termed FJI‐H11‐R (FJI‐H=Hong's group in Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, R=Me, Et, iPr) can reversibly respond to temperature and solvents via structural transformations, which can be visualized by in situ single‐crystal X‐ray snapshot analyses. FJI‐H11‐R exhibit colossal anisotropic thermal expansion, with a record‐high uniaxial positive thermal‐expansion coefficient of 653.2×10−6 K−1 observed in FJI‐H11‐Me. Additionally, large c‐axial shrinkage of 32.4 % is also observed during desolvation. The stimuli‐responsive mechanism reveals the structural evolutions are related to the rotations and deformations of the organic linkers.
Aggregation‐Induced Delayed Fluorescence Based on Donor/Acceptor‐Tethered Janus Carborane Triads: Unique Photophysical Properties of Nondoped OLEDs
Authors: Furue Ryuhei , Nishimoto Takuro , Park In Seob , Lee Jiyoung , Yasuda Takuma 
Published: May 2016

AbstractLuminescent materials consisting of boron clusters, such as carboranes, have attracted immense interest in recent years. In this study, luminescent organic–inorganic conjugated systems based on o‐carboranes directly bonded to electron‐donating and electron‐accepting π‐conjugated units were elaborated as novel optoelectronic materials. These o‐carborane derivatives simultaneously possessed aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) capabilities, and showed strong yellow‐to‐red emissions with high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies of up to 97 % in their aggregated states or in solid neat films. Organic light‐emitting diodes utilizing these o‐carborane derivatives as a nondoped emission layer exhibited maximum external electroluminescence quantum efficiencies as high as 11 %, originating from TADF.
An Elemental Phosphorus Photocatalyst with a Record High Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency
Authors: Hu Zhuofeng , Yuan Luyan , Liu Zhifeng , Shen Zhurui , Yu Jimmy C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSemiconductive property of elementary substance is an interesting and attractive phenomenon. We obtain a breakthrough that fibrous phase red phosphorus, a recent discovered modification of red phosphorus by Ruck et al., can work as a semiconductor photocatalyst for visible‐light‐driven hydrogen (H2) evolution. Small sized fibrous phosphorus is obtained by 1) loading it on photoinactive SiO2 fibers or by 2) smashing it ultrasonically. They display the steady hydrogen evolution rates of 633 μmol h−1 g−1 and 684 μmol h−1 g−1, respectively. These values are much higher than previous amorphous P (0.6 μmol h−1 g−1) and Hittorf P (1.6 μmol h−1 g−1). Moreover, they are the highest records in the family of elemental photocatalysts to date. This discovery is helpful for further understanding the semiconductive property of elementary substance. It is also favorable for the development of elemental photocatalysts.
Remote Control of T Cell Activation Using Magnetic Janus Particles
Authors: Lee Kwahun , Yi Yi , Yu Yan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe report a strategy for using magnetic Janus microparticles to control the stimulation of T cell signaling with single‐cell precision. To achieve this, we designed Janus particles that are magnetically responsive on one hemisphere and stimulatory to T cells on the other side. By manipulating the rotation and locomotion of Janus particles under an external magnetic field, we could control the orientation of the particle–cell recognition and thereby the initiation of T cell activation. This study demonstrates a step towards employing anisotropic material properties of Janus particles to control single‐cell activities without the need of complex magnetic manipulation devices.
Bilirubin Nanoparticles as a Nanomedicine for Anti‐inflammation Therapy
Authors: Lee Yonghyun , Kim Hyungjun , Kang Sukmo , Lee Jinju , Park Jinho , Jon Sangyong 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDespite the high potency of bilirubin as an endogenous anti‐inflammatory compound, its clinical translation has been hampered because of its insolubility in water. Bilirubin‐based nanoparticles that may overcome this critical issue are presented. A polyethylene glycol compound (PEG) was covalently attached to bilirubin, yielding PEGylated bilirubin (PEG‐BR). The PEG‐BR self‐assembled into nanoscale particles with a size of approximately 110 nm, termed bilirubin nanoparticles (BRNPs). BRNPs are highly efficient hydrogen peroxide scavengers, thereby protecting cells from H2O2‐induced cytotoxicity. In a murine model of ulcerative colitis, intravenous injection of BRNPs showed preferential accumulation of nanoparticles at the sites of inflammation and significantly inhibited the progression of acute inflammation in the colon. Taken together, BRNPs show potential for use as a therapeutic nanomedicine in various inflammatory diseases.
Molecular weight and the Mark‐Houwink relation for ultra‐high molecular weight charged polyacrylamide determined using automatic batch mode multi‐angle light scattering
Authors: Wang Jinfeng , Huang Heqing , Huang Xinyu 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis study presents an automatic batch mode (i.e., off‐line) multi‐angle light scattering (MALS) method for the molecular weight (MW) determination of ultra‐high MW (UHMW) polyacrylamide (PAM) homopolymer and acrylamide copolymers. This method combines a MALS detector with a sample dilution and injection device that automatically delivers a concentration gradient from a stock solution. The automation makes it practical to use the batch MALS method for routine MW analysis of UHMW polymers. The automatic batch MALS analyses of a series of poly(sodium acrylate‐co‐acrylamide) (30:70 mol %) in 1.0MNaCl show a non‐linear Mark‐Houwink relation in the MW range of 1.2 × 106to 12.6 × 106g mol−1. The entire molecular weight range can be fit with a quadratic relation or two linear equations, one for molecular weight up to 5.3 × 106g mol−1and the other from 5.3 × 106to 12.6 × 106g mol−1. The non‐linear Mark‐Houwink relation suggests that the extrapolation of the Mark‐Houwink equation beyond the measured MW range into the UHMW regions can significantly overestimate the MW of the UHMW polymers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 43748.
Anatomical Details of the Rabbit Nasal Passages and Their Implications in Breathing, Air Conditioning, and Olfaction
Authors: Xi Jinxiang , Si Xiuhua A. , Kim Jongwon , Zhang Yu , Jacob Richard E. , Kabilan Senthil , Corley Richard A. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe rabbit is commonly used as a laboratory animal for inhalation toxicology tests and detail knowledge of the rabbit airway morphometry is needed for outcome analysis or theoretical modeling. The objective of this study is to quantify the morphometric dimension of the nasal airway of a New Zealand white rabbit and to relate the morphology and functions through analytical and computational methods. Images of high‐resolution MRI scans of the rabbit were processed to measure the axial distribution of the cross‐sectional areas, perimeter, and complexity level. The lateral recess, which has functions other than respiration or olfaction, was isolated from the nasal airway and its dimension was quantified separately. A low Reynolds number turbulence model was implemented to simulate the airflow, heat transfer, vapor transport, and wall shear stress. Results of this study provide detailed morphological information of the rabbit that can be used in the studies of olfaction, inhalation toxicology, drug delivery, and physiology‐based pharmacokinetics modeling. For the first time, we reported a spiral nasal vestibule that splits into three paths leading to the dorsal meatus, maxilloturbinate, and ventral meatus, respectively. Both non‐dimensional functional analysis and CFD simulations suggested that the airflow in the rabbit nose is laminar and the unsteady effect is only significantly during sniffing. Due to the large surface‐to‐volume ratio, the maxilloturbinate is highly effective in warming and moistening the inhaled air to body conditions. The unique anatomical structure and respiratory airflow pattern may have important implications for designing new odorant detectors or electronic noses. Anat Rec, 299:853–868, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Systematization and description of the internal carotid arteries and their main ramifications at the brain base in turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans)
Authors: Voll Juliana , Campos Rui 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThirty turtle brains (Trachemys scripta elegans) were injected with latex to systematize and describe the internal carotid arteries and their main ramifications at the brain base. The internal carotid arteries had one intercarotid anastomosis. At the level of the tuber cinereum, the internal carotid artery bifurcated into its terminal branches, the rostral and the caudal branches. The rostral branch emitted the rostral choroid artery, the orbital artery, and a series of middle cerebral arteries. After giving off the last middle cerebral artery, the rostral branch continued as the rostral cerebral artery in the cerebral longitudinal fissure, and had one anastomosis with its contralateral homologous artery, the rostral communicating artery, making the first rostral closure of the cerebral arterial circle. Next, the rostral cerebral arteries anastomosed forming a rostral interhemispheric artery, making the second rostral closure of the cerebral arterial circle. The internal carotid artery, after emitting its rostral branch, continued caudally as the caudal branch. The caudal branch ran caudally along the ventral surface of the mesencephalic tegmentum, emitted the caudal cerebral artery and the mesencephalic artery, and continued caudomedially while progressively narrowing, and anastomosed with its contralateral homologous artery, forming the basilar artery. The narrower portion also emitted the trigeminal artery. The anastomosis of the caudal branches closed the cerebral arterial circle caudally. The internal carotid arteries exclusively supplied the cerebral arterial circle of the turtle. Anat Rec, 299:1090–1098, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differential cortical laminar structure revealed by NeuN immunostaining and myeloarchitecture between sulcal and gyral regions independent of sexual dimorphisms in the ferret cerebrum
Authors: Horiuchi‐Hirose Miwa , Sawada Kazuhiko 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to quantitatively clarify differences in laminar structure and myeloarchitecture of sulcal and gyral regions of the cerebral cortex of ferrets. Histological sections of cerebrum from male and female ferrets at postnatal day 90 were made at the coronal plane, and were immunostained with anti‐NeuN or anti‐myelin basic protein (MBP). Thickness was estimated in the entire depth or three strata, that is, layer I, outer (layers II–III) and inner (layers IV–VI) strata of the neocortex in representative five sulcal and seven gyral regions. As with the entire cortical depth, outer and inner strata were significantly thinner in the sulcal bottoms than in the gyral crowns, whereas layer I had about twofold greater thickness in the sulcal bottoms. However, thicknesses of the entire cortical depth and each cortical stratum were not statistically different among five sulcal regions or seven gyral regions examined. By MBP immunostaining, myelin fibers ran tangentially through the superficial regions of layer I in gyral crowns. Those fibers were relatively denser in gyri of frontal and temporal regions, and relatively sparse in gyri of parietal and occipital regions, although their density in any gyri was not different between sexes. These results show a differential laminar structure and myeloarchitecture between the sulcal and gyral regions of the ferret cerebral cortex present in both sexes. Myelination of layer I tangential fibers varied among primary gyri and was weaker in phylogenetically higher‐order cortical gyri. Anat Rec, 299:1003–1011, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Potential of hydrolysis of particulate COD in extended anaerobic conditions to enhance biological phosphorous removal
Authors: Jabari P. , Yuan Q. , Oleszkiewicz J.A. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe effect of anaerobic hydrolysis of particulate COD (pCOD) on biological phosphorous removal in extended anaerobic condition was investigated through (i) sequencing batch reactors (SBR)s with anaerobic hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 0.8, 2, and 4 h; (ii) batch tests using biomass from a full scale biological nutrient removal (BNR) plant; and (iii) activated sludge modeling (BioWin 4.1 simulation). The results from long‐term SBRs operation showed that phosphorus removal was correlated to the ratio of filtered COD (FCOD) to total phosphorus (TP) in the influent. Under conditions with low FCOD/TP ratio (average of 20) in the influent, extending anaerobic HRT to 4 h in the presence of pCOD did not significantly improve overall phosphorous removal. During the period with high FCOD/TP ratio (average of 37) in the influent, all SBRs removed phosphorous completely, and the long anaerobic HRT did not have negative effect on overall phosphorous removal. The batch tests also showed that pCOD at different concentration during 4 h test did not affect the rate of anaerobic phosphorus release. The rate of anaerobic hydrolysis of pCOD was significantly low and extending the anaerobic HRT was ineffective. The simulation (BioWin 4.1) of SBRs with low influent FCOD/TP ratio showed that the default kinetics of anaerobic hydrolysis in ASM2d overestimated phosphorous removal in the SBRs (high anaerobic hydrolysis of pCOD). The default anaerobic hydrolysis rate in BioWin 4.1 (ten times lower) could produce similar phosphorous removal to that in the experiment. Results showed that the current kinetics of anaerobic hydrolysis in ASM2d could lead to considerable error in predicting phosphorus removal in processes with extended anaerobic HRT. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 2377–2385. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Surface display vectors for selective detection and isolation of high level antibody producing cells
Authors: Lang Sabine , Drewello Delia , Wichter Johannes , Nommay Audrey , Wilms Burkhard , Knopf Hans‐Peter , Jostock Thomas 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTCell line generation for production of biopharmaceuticals in mammalian cells usually involves intensive screening of clones to identify the rare high producers. In order to facilitate efficient and selective fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) based enrichment and cloning of antibody producing CHO cells, we developed a special vector setup by inserting a leaky translation termination signal between the heavy chain of an IgG antibody and an IgG transmembrane domain. Partial read‐through during translation of the antibody heavy chain leads to display of a subset of the produced antibody on the surface of the expressing cell. We could show that the level of surface expression correlates well with the productivity. By applying FACS, high producing cells can be selectively enriched and cloned. Two sequential FACS enrichment cycles were performed which led to more than eightfold increased productivities of transfected and selected cell populations without cloning. The combination of selective FACS enrichment and FACS cloning with the new vector setup led to a sevenfold higher average productivity of the resulting clones as compared to a reference vector. Productivity and production stability assessment of clones generated with the new vector showed no negative impact of the co‐expression of transmembrane antibody. Clone productivities of 4 g/L in a generic shake flask fed‐batch model were achieved. Thus, this new vector setup facilitates fast and selective isolation of high producing production cell lines and allows significant reduction of clone screening efforts during cell line development for production cell lines. Additionally, the high productivity of FACS‐enriched but non‐clonal cell populations supports rapid, high yield, and cost efficient material production in early project phases. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 2386–2393. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fatty Acid‐Derived Pro‐Toxicants of the Rat Selective Toxicant Norbormide
Authors: Choi Hans , Conole Daniel , Atkinson Darcy J. , Laita Olivia , Jay‐Smith Morgan , Pagano Mario Angelo , Ribaudo Giovanni , Cavalli Maurizio , Bova Sergio , Hopkins Brian , Brimble Margaret A. , Rennison David 
Published: May 2016

Norbormide [5‐(α‐hydroxy‐α‐2‐pyridylbenzyl)‐7‐(α‐2‐pyridylbenzylidene)‐5‐norbornene‐2,3‐dicarboximide] (NRB), an existing but infrequently used rodenticide, is known to be uniquely toxic to rats but relatively harmless to other rodents and mammals. However, as an acute vasoactive, NRB has a rapid onset of action which makes it relatively unpalatable to rats, often leading to sublethal uptake and accompanying bait shyness. A series of NRB‐derived pro‐toxicants (3a – i, 4a – i, and 5a – i) were prepared in an effort to ‘mask’ this acute response and improve both palatability and efficacy. Their synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation (vasocontractile response in rat vasculature, stability in selected rat media) and palatability/efficacy in Sprague–Dawley, wild Norway, and wild ship rats is described. Most notably, pro‐toxicant 3d was revealed to be free of all pre‐cleavage vasoconstrictory activity in rat caudal artery and was subsequently demonstrated to release NRB in the presence of rat blood, liver, and pancreatic enzymes. Moreover, it consistently displayed a high level of acceptance by rats in a two‐choice bait‐palatability and efficacy trial, with accompanying high mortality. On this evidence, fatty acid ester prodrugs would appear to offer a promising platform for the further development of NRB‐derived toxicants with enhanced palatability and efficacy profiles.
Phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica or the Schimmelpenning‐Feuerstein‐Mims syndrome?
Authors: Gamayunov Boris N. , Korotkiy Nikolay G. , Baranova Elena E. 
Published: May 2016

Key Clinical MessageCutaneous symptoms in some patients with clinical picture of Schimmelpenning‐Feuerstein‐Mims syndrome can include a speckled lentiginous nevus, also known as nevus spilus. Recent investigations show that somatic heterozygous HRAS mutations are present in the sebaceous and speckled lentiginous nevus tissues of patients with combination of two nevi.
Looking for the Origin of Allosteric Cooperativity in Metallopolymers
Authors: Babel Lucille , Hoang Thi Nhu Y , Guénée Laure , Besnard Céline , Wesolowski Tomasz A. , Humbert‐Droz Marie , Piguet Claude 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe basic concept of allosteric cooperativity used in biology, chemistry and physics states that any change in the intermolecular host–guest interactions operating in multisite receptors can be assigned to intersite interactions. Using lanthanide metals as guests and linear multi‐tridentate linear oligomers of variable lengths and geometries as hosts, this work shows that the quantitative modeling of metal loadings requires the consideration of a novel phenomenon originating from solvation processes. It stepwise modulates the intrinsic affinity of each isolated site in multisite receptors, and this without resorting to allosteric cooperativity. An easy‐to‐handle additive model predicts a negative power law dependence of the intrinsic affinity on the length of the linear metallopolymer. Applied to lanthanidopolymers, the latter common analysis overestimates cooperativity factors by more than two orders of magnitude.
3‐Formyl‐BODIPY Phenylhydrazone as a Chromo‐Fluorogenic Probe for Selective Detection of NO2 (g)
Authors: Juárez L. Alberto , Costero Ana M. , Parra Margarita , Gaviña Pablo , Gil Salvador 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA new colorimetric and fluorogenic probe, based on a 3‐formyl boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) phenylhydrazone, for the sensitive and selective detection NO2 (g) has been prepared. The probe in solution experiences a remarkable hypsochromic shift of its absorption and fluorescence emission bands in the presence gaseous NO2 (g), leading to limits of detection of few ppb. The probe also works in the solid phase, adsorbed on filter paper strips, or chemically immobilized on the surface of silica nanoparticles, with limits of detection to the naked eye of about 0.5 ppm.
ChemInform Abstract: GROWTH MORPHOLOGY OF ALUMINA WHISKERS
Authors: HAYASHI T. , IWATA M. , SAITO H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAl2O3‐Whisker mit einer Länge bis zu maximal 8 mm und einem Durchmesser bis zu 50 um wurden durch Reaktion (Hydrolyse) von AlF3‐Dampf mit lizO‐Dampf auf polykristallinem Al2O3 gebildet.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TETRAMERCURY BIS(HEXAFLUOROARSENATE) HG4(ASF6)2
Authors: CUTFORTH B. D. , GILLESPIE R. J. , IRELAND P. , SAWYER J. F. , UMMAT P. K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie Titelverbindung wird gemäß Reaktion Adargestellt und röntgenographisch untersucht.