bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiological Profile and Limitations in Exercise in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Vainshelboim Baruch , Oliveira Jose , Fox Benjamin Daniel , Adir Yochai , Ollech Jacob Eliezer , Kramer Mordechai Reuven 
Published: April 2016

PURPOSE:
This study aimed to describe the physiological profile and limiting factors during exercise among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

METHODS:
A descriptive study involving 34 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (22 men) aged 68 ± 8 years was conducted. All patients completed a pulmonary function test, cardiopulmonary exercise test, Doppler echocardiography, 6-minute walk test, and modified Medical Research Council dyspnea evaluation.

RESULTS:
Approximately 38% of patients (range, 15%-71%) presented with coexisting comorbidities including pulmonary hypertension and emphysema. Modified Medical Research Council grades 0-2 and 3-4 were assigned to 68% and 32% of patients, respectively. Median values for forced vital capacity and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide percent (%) predicted were 68 (95% CI, 63-76) and 51 (95% CI, 46-55), respectively. Left ventricular systolic function was normal. Aerobic capacity (

JOURNAL/jcprh/04.03/01273116-201607000-00007/7FSM1/v/2023-09-11T074056Z/r/image-gif

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2peak = 13.4 mL/kg/min [95% CI, 12.6-14.9]; 62% predicted [95% CI, 56-67]) was moderately reduced with the presence of abnormalities in pulmonary gas exchange and desaturation, circulatory impairments, inefficient ventilation, and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Functional capacity was normal (6-minute walk test distance = 505 m [95% CI, 435-522]; 99% predicted [95% CI, 91-108]).

CONCLUSIONS:
The physiological profile demonstrated the presence of comorbidities in approximately 38% of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and a moderate level of dyspnea. Resting cardiopulmonary function showed moderate pulmonary restriction and severe impairments in diffusion capacity with normal left ventricular systolic function. Multifactorial limitations for a moderately diminished aerobic capacity were revealed during the cardiopulmonary exercise test, although functional capacity was normal. These results emphasize the significance of a meticulous evaluation, including the cardiopulmonary exercise test for an accurate exercise tolerance evaluation, to aid in the diagnosis and prognosis and for developing effective targeted treatments.
Aerobic Exercise for Adolescents With Prolonged Symptoms After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: An Exploratory Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kurowski Brad G. , Hugentobler Jason , Quatman-Yates Catherine , Taylor Jennifer , Gubanich Paul J. , Altaye Mekibib , Wade Shari L. 
Published: April 2016

Objective:
To describe the methodology and report primary outcomes of an exploratory randomized clinical trial (RCT) of aerobic training for management of prolonged symptoms after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in adolescents.

Setting:
Outpatient research setting.

Participants:
Thirty adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 years who sustained a mTBI and had between 4 and 16 weeks of persistent symptoms.

Design:
Partially blinded, pilot RCT of subsymptom exacerbation aerobic training compared with a full-body stretching program.

Main Measures:
The primary outcome was postinjury symptom improvement assessed by the adolescent's self-reported Post-Concussion Symptom Inventory (PCSI) repeated for at least 6 weeks of the intervention. Parent-reported PCSI and adherence are also described.

Results:
Twenty-two percent of eligible participants enrolled in the trial. Repeated-measures analysis of variance via mixed-models analysis demonstrated a significant group × time interaction with self-reported PCSI ratings, indicating a greater rate of improvement in the subsymptom exacerbation aerobic training group than in the full-body stretching group (F = 4.11, P = .044). Adherence to the home exercise programs was lower in the subsymptom exacerbation aerobic training group compared with the full-body stretching group (mean [SD] times per week = 4.42 [1.95] vs 5.85 [1.37], P < .0001) over the duration of the study.

Conclusion:
Findings from this exploratory RCT suggest subsymptom exacerbation aerobic training is potentially beneficial for adolescents with persistent symptoms after an mTBI. These findings and other recent research support the potential benefit of active rehabilitation programs for adolescents with persistent symptoms after an mTBI. Larger replication studies are needed to verify findings and improve generalizability. Future work should focus on determining the optimal type, timing, and intensity of active rehabilitation programs and characteristics of individuals most likely to benefit.
BILATERAL SUBRETINAL FLUID AND RETINAL VASCULOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS
Authors: Agarwal Aniruddha , Singh Ramandeep , Kumar Abiraj , Dogra Mangat R. , Gupta Amod 
Published: April 2016

Purpose:
To report a case of bilateral retinopathy associated with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Methods:
History and clinical examination, fluorescein angiography, and optical coherence tomography.

Results:
We report a rare case of unilateral, followed by bilateral retinopathy, subretinal fluid, and vasculopathy in a young boy. History of missed measles vaccination, behavioral and neurologic symptoms, and electroencephalogram suggested a diagnosis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Retinal imaging using optical coherence tomography was performed to document changes in the retinal microstructure through the natural course of the disease. Within 8 weeks, the changes progressed to retinal atrophy in both eyes.

Conclusion:
The progressive course of retinitis associated with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis can be monitored on optical coherence tomography. Retinitis is subacute sclerosing panencephalitis rapidly progressive from the acute stage to the stage of atrophy, involving full thickness of the retina.
WALDENSTRÖM'S MACROGLOBULINEMIA MASQUERADING AS BIRDSHOT CHORIORETINOPATHY
Authors: Kim Jane S. , Jaworski Laurence , Patel-Donnelly Dipti , Nussenblatt Robert B. , Sen H. Nida 
Published: April 2016

Purpose:
To describe Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) as a masquerade syndrome.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 59-year-old human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A29-negative white male presented with a 7-year history of floaters, progressive vision loss, and poor contrast sensitivity along with choroidal lesions suggestive of birdshot chorioretinopathy (BCR). Fluorescein angiography, fundus autofluorescence, and indocyanine green angiography showed multiple areas of hyperfluorescence and hypofluorescence. Electroretinography showed reduced cone and rod responses. Comprehensive workup for infectious, paraneoplastic, and other causes including sarcoidosis was negative at the time. The patient was treated with multiple immunomodulatory agents without any significant improvement. Two years after initial presentation, the patient developed normocytic anemia and high levels of inflammatory markers. Further workup yielded a diagnosis of WM. His choroidal lesions were significantly reduced after treatment with rituximab and bendamustine.

Conclusion:
We report a case of WM masquerading as BCR. Other indolent diseases should be considered in the differential diagnosis for HLA-A29-negative patients presenting with birdshot-like lesions, especially if they are clinically unresponsive to multiple systemic immunosuppressive agents.
A CASE OF UNILATERAL RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM DYSGENESIS
Authors: Yamasaki Atsushi , Tominaga Takeshi , Ishikura Ryoko , Ohmatsu Hiroshi , Inoue Yoshitsugu 
Published: April 2016

Purpose:
To report a case of unilateral retinal pigment epithelium dysgenesis.

Methods:
An 8-year-old boy with a large grayish lesion and leopard-spot pattern lesion at its periphery in his left eye underwent fluorescein angiography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, optical coherence tomography, and electroretinography.

Results:
Fluorescein angiography showed an area of geographic hyperfluorescence with a peripheral pattern of dark spots. The area of retinal pigment epithelial atrophy showed hypofluorescence on fundus autofluorescence. Optical coherence tomography of the left eye showed attenuation of the inner segment–outer segment junction and choroidal thinning. Single-flash electroretinography and scotopic electroretinography showed normal results and did not differ between both the eyes. The 30-Hz flicker test and photopic electroretinography showed a decrease in amplitude in the left eye.

Conclusion:
Unilateral retinal pigment epithelium dysgenesis is very rare, and its prognosis is still unknown. Careful follow-up of the patient seems to be essential.
Use of the Temperament and Character Inventory to Predict Response to Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Major Depression
Authors: SIDDIQI SHAN H. , CHOCKALINGAM RAVIKUMAR , CLONINGER C. ROBERT , LENZE ERIC J. , CRISTANCHO PILAR 
Published: April 2016

Objective:
The goal of this study was to investigate the utility of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) in predicting antidepressant response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).

Background:
Although rTMS of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is an established antidepressant treatment, little is known about predictors of response. The TCI measures multiple personality dimensions (harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward dependence, persistence, self-directedness, self-transcendence, and cooperativeness), some of which have predicted response to pharmacotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy. A previous study suggested a possible association between self-directedness and response to rTMS in melancholic depression, although this was limited by the fact that melancholic depression is associated with a limited range of TCI profiles.

Methods:
Nineteen patients with a major depressive episode completed the TCI before a clinical course of rTMS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Treatment response was defined as ≥50% decrease in scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (Ham-D). Baseline scores on each TCI dimension were compared between responders and nonresponders through analysis of variance. Pearson correlations were also calculated for temperament/character scores in comparison with percentage improvement in Ham-D scores.

Results:
Eleven of the 19 patients responded to rTMS. T-scores for persistence were significantly higher in responders than in nonresponders (P=0.022). Linear regression revealed a correlation between persistence scores and percentage improvement in Ham-D scores.

Conclusions:
Higher persistence scores predicted antidepressant response to rTMS. This may be explained by rTMS-induced enhancement of cortical excitability, which has been found to be decreased in patients with high persistence. Personality assessment that includes measurement of TCI persistence may be a useful component of precision medicine initiatives in rTMS for depression.
Fatal primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in a Norwegian tourist returning from Thailand
Authors: Stubhaug Tore Taksdal , Reiakvam Olaug Marie , Stensvold Christen Rune , Hermansen Nils Olav , Holberg-Petersen Mona , Antal Ellen-Ann , Gaustad Knut , Førde Ingrid Schage , Heger Bernt 
Published: April 2016

Introduction:
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare disease caused by the free-living amoeba Naegleria fowleri. Infection occurs by insufflation of water containing amoebae into the nasal cavity, and is usually associated with bathing in freshwater. Nasal irrigation is a more rarely reported route of infection.

Case presentation:
A fatal case of PAM in a previously healthy Norwegian woman, acquired during a holiday trip to Thailand, is described. Clinical findings were consistent with rapidly progressing meningoencephalitis. The cause of infection was discovered by chance, owing to the unexpected detection of N. fowleri DNA by a PCR assay targeting fungi. A conclusive diagnosis was established based on sequencing of N. fowleri DNA from brain biopsies, supported by histopathological findings. Nasal irrigation using contaminated tap water is suspected as the source of infection.

Conclusion:
The clinical presentation of PAM is very similar to severe bacterial meningitis. This case is a reminder that when standard investigations fail to identify a cause of infection in severe meningoencephalitis, it is of crucial importance to continue a broad search for a conclusive diagnosis. PAM should be considered as a diagnosis in patients with symptoms of severe meningoencephalitis returning from endemic areas.
Automated structure refinement of macromolecular assemblies from cryo-EM maps using Rosetta
Authors: Wang Ray Yu-Ruei , Song Yifan , Barad Benjamin A , Cheng Yifan , Fraser James S , DiMaio Frank 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCryo-EM has revealed many challenging yet exciting macromolecular assemblies at near-atomic resolution (3-4.5Å), providing biological phenomena with molecular descriptions. However, at these resolutions accurately positioning individual atoms remains challenging and may be error-prone. Manually refining thousands of amino acids – typical in a macromolecular assembly – is tedious and time-consuming. We present an automated method that can improve the atomic details in models manually built in near-atomic-resolution cryo-EM maps. Applying the method to three systems recently solved by cryo-EM, we are able to improve model geometry while maintaining or improving the fit-to-density. Backbone placement errors are automatically detected and corrected, and the refinement shows a large radius of convergence. The results demonstrate the method is amenable to structures with symmetry, of very large size, and containing RNA as well as covalently bound ligands. The method should streamline the cryo-EM structure determination process, providing accurate and unbiased atomic structure interpretation of such maps.
Persistent vulnerability to relapse despite complete extinction of cocaine craving
Authors: Girardeau Paul , Navailles Sylvia , Durand Audrey , Vouillac-Mendoza Caroline , Guillem Karine , Ahmed Serge H 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTCraving often precedes relapse into cocaine addiction. This explains why considerable research effort is being expended to try to develop anti-craving strategies for relapse prevention. Recently, we discovered using the classic reinstatement model of cocaine craving that the reinstating or priming effect of cocaine can be extinguished with repeated priming in rats - a phenomenon dubbed extinction of cocaine priming. Here we sought to measure the potential beneficial effect of this novel extinction strategy on subsequent relapse (i.e., return to the pre-extinction pattern of cocaine self-administration once the drug is made again available after extinction). Overall and contrary to our initial hope, extensive and complete extinction of cocaine priming had no major impact on relapse. This lack of effect occurred despite evidence for post-extinction loss of neuronal responses to cocaine priming in brain regions critically involved in cocaine-induced reinstatement (i.e., the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and the core of the nucleus accumbens). An effect of extinction of cocaine priming on relapse was only observed when cocaine was available for self-administration under more demanding conditions. However, this effect was modest and short-lived. Finally, we succeeded to trace the origin of our failure to prevent relapse to a persistent, extinction-resistant form of operant behavior that is not directly induced by cocaine. This extinction-resistant behavior is commonly reported, though generally ignored as causally irrelevant, in many other reinstatement studies. We propose that this behavior should become both a novel marker for long-term vulnerability to relapse and a novel target for preclinical development of potential relapse prevention interventions.
Arabidopsis cobra protein binds to glucan chains with higher affinity than to cellulose
Authors: Sorek Nadav , Somerville Chris 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBecause of several anomalies in a publication that we coauthored, concerning the interaction of the Arabidopsis cobra protein with crystalline cellulose (Avicel) and individual glucan chains (cellohexaose) we reexamined the data and had an independent laboratory redo a key experiment. The results show that COBRA binds to cellohexaose preferably over binding to Avicel, confirming our previous report.
Charting Improvements in US Registry HLA Typing Ambiguity Using a Typing Resolution Score
Authors: Paunić Vanja , Gragert Loren , Schneider Joel , Müller Carlheinz , Maiers Martin 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUnrelated stem cell registries have been collecting HLA typing of volunteer bone marrow donors for over 25 years. Donor selection for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is based primarily on matching the alleles of donors and patients at five polymorphic HLA loci. As HLA typing technologies have continually advanced since the beginnings of stem cell transplantation, registries have accrued typings of varied HLA typing ambiguity. We present a newtyping resolution score, based on the likelihood of self-match, that allows the systematic comparison of HLA typings across different methods, data sets and populations. We apply the typing resolution score to chart improvement in HLA typing within the Be The Match Registry of the United States from the initiation of DNA-based HLA typing to the current state of high-resolution typing using next-generation sequencing technologies. In addition, we present a publicly available online tool for evaluation of any given HLA typing. Thistyping resolution scoreobjectively evaluates HLA typing methods and can help define standards for acceptable recruitment HLA typing.
Computational model for predicting the effect of process parameters on surface characteristics of mass finished components
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Venkatesh , Castagne Sylvie 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
Mass finishing is a commonly employed surface finishing process for improving surface characteristics of aerospace engineering components. Optimization of surface characteristics of such critical components require an explicit computational model that can describe the surface characteristics of the finished component. This paper aims to develop an explicit computational model that can describe the surface roughness as a function of various process parameters which influence the mass finishing process.

Design/methodology/approach
In the present work, the authors propose to study the roughness characteristics using a combined evolutionary computing approach based on Multi-Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) and Genetic Programming (GP) techniques.

Findings
The authors conducted sensitivity and parametric analysis to capture the dynamics of surface characteristics by unveiling dominant input variables and hidden non-linear relationships. It is found that by regulating the process time and media size, a greatest variation in surface finish reduction can be achieved in mass finishing process.

Originality/value
To the best of authors knowledge, for the first time a hybrid evolutionary computational technique has been proposed in this work. The authors combined two powerful evolutionary techniques, namely Multi-variate Adaptive Regressive Splines and Genetic Programming approach. The proposed approach was able to capture the dynamics of surface roughness with higher accuracy as comparable to that of the experiments.
Healthcare quality maturity assessment model based on quality drivers
Authors: Ramadan Nadia , Arafeh Mazen 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
Healthcare providers differ in their readiness and maturity levels regarding quality and quality management systems applications. The proposed model serves as a useful quantitative quality maturity level assessment tool for healthcare organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
The model proposes five quality maturity levels (chaotic, primitive, structured, mature and proficient) based on six quality drivers: top management, people, operations, culture, quality focus and accreditation.

Findings
Healthcare managers can apply the model to identify the status quo, quality shortcomings and evaluating ongoing progress.

Practical implications
The model has been incorporated in an interactive Excel worksheet that visually displays the quality maturity level risk meter. The tool has been applied successfully to local hospitals.

Originality/value
The proposed six quality driver scales appear to measure healthcare provider maturity levels on a single quality meter.
Contextualizing poverty and culture; towards a social economy of community centered knowledge based development
Authors: Raza Ahmad , Murad Hasan Sohaib , Zakar Muhammad Zakria 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the critical interrelationships between poverty, culture and knowledge-based community development.Design/methodology/approach– The traditional approaches to the management of poverty such as infrastructure, literacy and economic aid have failed to deliver and ameliorate the lot of common people. The current paper engages in critical constructivist discourse on poverty as unfolding in the era of knowledge economy and seeks to propose a community focussed knowledge-based development model of human economic and social uplift. This model has three dimensions: community knowledge focus, interactions of local, regional and global knowledge shaping and influencing poverty management and finally collective responsibility (collective commitment) of groups to rid them of poverty trap.Findings– First, this paper looks at the social interconnections of poverty, culture and knowledge-based development in a critical discourse context. Second, it discusses the alternative worldviews of economic development. Third, it questions current epistemological and sociological assumptions of development paradigm.Originality/value– The paper looks at the issues of poverty, culture and economic development from a critical pluralistic epistemological standpoint. It also questions some of the prescriptive methods of development by poverty experts. It also proposes to effectively explore and integrate different cognitive styles in development discourse and their usefulness and relevance to global development discourse.