bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Real‐World Data‐Based Analysis of Prognostic Indices as Part of Trial Eligibility Criteria in Diffuse Large B‐Cell Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Jelicic Jelena , Juul‐Jensen Karen , Bukumiric Zoran , Runason Simonsen Mikkel , Roost Clausen Michael , Ludvigsen Al‐Mashhadi Ahmed , Schou Pedersen Robert , Bjørn Poulsen Christian , Ortved Gang Anne , Brown Peter , El‐Galaly Tarec Christoffer , Stauffer Larsen Thomas 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesRecent front‐line clinical trials used the International Prognostic Index (IPI) to identify trial‐eligible patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, many IPI‐like variants with improved accuracy have been developed over the years for rituximab‐treated patients.MethodsWe assessed the impact of International Prognostic Indices on patient enrolment in clinical trials, aiming to exclude low‐risk IPI patients based on POLARIX/EPCORE DLBCL‐2 trial criteria.ResultsWe identified 2877 patients in the Danish Lymphoma Registry who would have been eligible for the POLARIX trial if patients with IPI 0–1 scores were included. IPI and NCCN‐IPI assigned 33.3% and 11.9% of patients to the low‐risk group, respectively. Shorter 5‐year overall survival (91.4% vs. 97.5%), higher relapse rate (9.9% vs. 4.4%), and more deaths (16.1% vs. 4.4%) occurred in the low‐risk IPI group compared with low‐risk NCCN‐IPI group. Analyzed models failed to identify true high‐risk patients with poor prognosis. Similar results were found in the confirmatory cohort developed based on EPCORE DLBCL‐2 trial eligibility criteria.ConclusionTrue low‐risk patients are more optimal identified by NCCN‐IPI and should be excluded from front‐line clinical trials due to their excellent prognosis. However, additional high‐risk factors besides clinical prognostic models need to be considered when selecting trial‐eligible patients.
Electrophysiological (EEG) microstates during dream‐like bizarre experiences in a naturalistic scenario using immersive virtual reality
Authors: Denzer Simone , Diezig Sarah , Achermann Peter , Mast Fred W. , Koenig Thomas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMonitoring the reality status of conscious experience is essential for a human being to interact successfully with the external world. Despite its importance for everyday functioning, reality monitoring can systematically become erroneous, for example, while dreaming or during hallucinatory experiences. To investigate brain processes associated with reality monitoring occurring online during an experience, i.e., perceptual reality monitoring, we assessed EEG microstates in healthy, young participants. In a within‐subjects design, we compared the experience of reality when being confronted with dream‐like bizarre elements versus realistic elements in an otherwise highly naturalistic real‐world scenario in immersive virtual reality. Dream‐like bizarreness induced changes in the subjective experience of reality and bizarreness, and led to an increase in the contribution of a specific microstate labelled C′. Microstate C′ was related to the suspension of disbelief, i.e. the suppression of bizarre mismatches. Together with the functional interpretation of microstate C′ as reported by previous studies, the findings of this study point to the importance of prefrontal meta‐conscious control processes in perceptual reality monitoring.
Microbial transglutaminase in cashew‐based vegan cheese: an innovative approach in achieving ideal texture and meltability
Authors: PM Rohithkumar , Kumar GV Prasanna , Gaur Abhimanyu , Singh Lochan , Hossain Shamim , Alsulami Tawfiq , Rafiq Syed Mansha , Nayik Gulzar Ahmad 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) on the textural properties and meltability of vegan cheese formulated using cashew paste, tapioca starch, coconut oil, and pea protein. The parameters were evaluated at various MTGase concentrations (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1%) and different incubation times (30, 60, and 90 min). A MTGase concentration of 0.25% resulted in higher meltability Index of 3.02 ± 0.14 and acceptable hardness of 3479.44 ± 14.49 g at 30 min of incubation time. However, prolonged incubation times were found to adversely affect the texture and meltability of the cheese. A similar adverse effect on texture was observed at an MTGase concentration of 0.1% at 60 and 90 min of incubation. The results revealed that lower MTGase concentrations with longer incubation times produced similar effects as higher MTGase concentrations with shorter incubation times. However, at a lower enzyme concentration of 0.1%, meltability was significantly higher (3.24 ± 0.33, P < 0.05) at 60 min of incubation compared to 90 min. The findings suggest that vegan cheese with improved texture, meltability, and sensory properties can be developed by combining cashew, tapioca starch, coconut oil, and pea protein in a ratio of 50:25:20:10, with 1% each of carrageenan and agar, and 60% water, and incubating the mixture with 0.25% MTGase for 30 min at 40 °C.
TERM BREECH DELIVERY
Authors: Bistoletti Peter , Nisell Henry , Palme Charlotte , Lagercrantz Hugo 
Published: September 2024

Threehundred and sixty‐six consecutive singleton breech presentations were analyzed for clinical factors associated with fetal complications related to vaginal delivery, and for the impact of different cesarean section rates on the incidence of fetal complications.The condition at birth of the vaginally delivered (243 cases) infants was found to correlate with maternal prepregnancy weight, and size of the fetal head.During the period of study the cesarean section rate changed from approximately 20 per cent of term breech presentations at the beginning to almost 50 per cent at its end. This was accompanied by a decrease in the traumatic morbidity. However, at follow‐up only a small minority of those registered were found to be significantly affected. The fetal asphyxia rate was not influenced by the increased cesarean section rate. At follow‐up one of 33 infants born asphyxiated showed late psychomotor development.
ESTROGEN REGIMEN OF WOMEN WITH ENDOMETRIAL CARCINOMA
Authors: Öbrink A. , Bunne G. , Collén J. , Tjernberg B. 
Published: September 2024

In order to detect a possible association between exogenous estrogens and endometrial cancer under Swedish circumstances, the previous use of estrogens among 622 cases of endometrial cancer 1974–77 has been compared with that of the average female population, represented by a randomly selected sample of 1 866 contemporaries to the cancer cases.Among women aged 50–69 years, 6–36 months of use of ‘natural’ and/or to a much lesser extent ‘synthetic’ estrogens was equally common in the two groups. However, starting in 1976, 3–6 years of use became increasingly more common among cancer cases. Taking 1974–77 together, cancer cases had been on such a long‐term regimen more than 5 times as commonly as controls. Additional progestagen treatment was equally rare in the two groups. Tumors of estrogen users were of a significantly lower grade than those of non‐users of the same age.While it cannot be concluded at this stage that estrogens are cocarcinogenic, the evident possibility motivates a somewhat cautious, restrictive approach to prescription. Progestagens could be added sequentially, though it is not yet verified that they abolish the association between endometrial cancer and estrogens that is now recognized by many investigators.
Fuel stores and time of day account for variation in serum metabolomes of passerine migrants stopping over
Authors: Zimin Sean V. , Zimin Anna , Shochat Eyal , Brotman Yariv , Ovadia Ofer 
Published: September 2024

Migratory birds excel in phenotypic flexibility, adapting physiologically as their life histories and environments require. Discerning the metabolic processes underlying migrants' physiology, an emergent property of multiple continuous and dynamic organism–environment interactions, is therefore challenging, particularly under natural conditions. Accordingly, analyses of snapshot‐sampled serum‐circulating metabolites, versatile and readily applicable for migrating birds, have increasingly become the method of choice for such physiologic inference. However, the atemporal nature of single sampling might obscure the links between observed metabolite concentrations and the processes producing them, necessitating an analytical decoupling of focal processes from their broader biochemical background.In the present study, we examined how variation in combined fat and muscle fuel stores, traits pivotal in migratory context, relates to the serum‐circulating metabolomes of spring‐migrating Eurasian blackcaps stopping‐over. Our analyses accounted for potential spatiotemporal influences in the form of time past night's fasting and random local conditions across three sites within the Negev Desert. We shifted the focus from compound‐level analysis of preselected metabolites towards the level of inclusive metabolome, quantifying serum‐circulating lipophilic and polar molecules via UHPLC–MS/MS untargeted metabolomic technique.Our results indicated a general relationship between fuel stores and the metabolome, comprising 16 326 lipophilic and 6923 polar compounds, among which 918 and 44 were annotated, respectively. By applying generalized latent‐variable linear modeling (GLLVM) upon concentrations of annotated metabolites, we identified several candidate biomarkers, some novel in migratory context, notably the fuel‐associated increase in serum ceramides likely derived from circulating very low‐density lipoproteins (VLDLs). Relying on estimated metabolite links with fuel and foraging time and on modeled residual covariations among metabolites, we demonstrate fuel–metabolite associations generally consistent with higher fat‐ and lower protein mobilization in birds having greater stores and with decreased fuel utilization as ingested nutrients accumulate over time, thus introducing a novel approach for the physiological study of migrating birds.
Climate, Host Abundance and Spread: Unravelling the Drivers of Forest Pest Distributions in North America
Authors: Gougherty Andrew V. , Walters Ashley D. , Prasad Anantha , Peters Matthew P. , Matthews Stephen N. , DeMerchant Ian 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimForest pathogens, insect pests and parasitic plants are among the most important disturbance agents in forested ecosystems. Understanding where pests occur and where they might occur in the future will be important for understanding their impacts on host trees, and planning for future pest outbreaks.LocationNorth America.TaxonInsect pests, pathogens and parasitic plants of forest trees.MethodsHere, we develop and implement a framework to predict the contemporary distributions of 26 pest species that accounts for climate, host abundance and, for non‐native species, their spread on the landscape.ResultsWe show that pest distributions can be predicted primarily by climatic variables. The abundance of individual host trees had only minor explanatory power, but the summed total of host abundance frequently had greater importance—suggesting forest composition and the relative frequency of hosts and non‐hosts place strong limits on pest distributions. Non‐native pests were strongly impacted by the distance from their original discovery location in North America, which tended to interact with climate variables—suggesting most non‐native pests are not yet at equilibrium with their potential climatic ranges in North America.Main ConclusionsThis work helps to clarify the generalised controls on pest distributions and provide a framework for predicting pest distributions in future climates.
Differences in opioid prescriptions by race among U.S. older adults with a hip fracture transitioning to community care
Authors: Hayes Kaleen N. , Cupp Meghan A. , Joshi Richa , Riester Melissa R. , Beaudoin Francesca L. , Zullo Andrew R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAppropriate pain management can facilitate rehabilitation after a hip fracture as patients transition back to the community setting. Differences in opioid prescribing by race may exist during this critical transition period.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of older adult U.S. Medicare beneficiaries with a hip fracture to examine whether the receipt and dose of opioids differs between Black and White patients as they transitioned back to the community setting. We stratified beneficiaries by whether they received institutional post‐acute care (PAC). Outcomes were (1) receipt of an opioid and (2) opioid doses in the first 90 days in the community in milligram morphine equivalents (MMEs; also presented in mg oxycodone). We estimated relative rates and risk differences of opioid receipt and dose differences using Poisson and linear regression models, respectively, using the parametric g‐formula to standardize for age and sex.ResultsWe identified 164,170 older adults with hip fracture (mean age = 82.7 years; 75% female; 72% with PAC; 46% with opioid use after fracture). Overall use of opioids in the community was similar between Black and white beneficiaries. Black beneficiaries had lower average doses in their first 90 days in both total cumulative doses (PAC group: 165 [95% CI −264 to −69] fewer MMEs [−248 mg oxycodone]; no PAC: 167 [95% CI −274 to −62] fewer MMEs [−251 mg oxycodone]) and average MME per days' supply of medication (PAC: −3.0 [−4.6 to −1.4] fewer MMEs per day [−4.5 mg oxycodone]; no PAC: −4.7 [−4.6 to −1.4] fewer MMEs per day [−7.1 mg oxycodone]). In secondary analyses, Asian beneficiaries experienced the greatest differences (e.g., 617–653 fewer cumulative mg oxycodone).ConclusionRacial differences exist in pain management for Medicare beneficiaries after a hip fracture. Future work should examine whether these differences result in disparities in short‐ and long‐term health outcomes.
Association between MASLD and increased risk of serious bacterial infections requiring hospital admission: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Mantovani Alessandro , Morandin Riccardo , Fiorio Veronica , Lando Maria Giovanna , Gaviraghi Alberto , Motta Leonardo , Gobbi Federico , Tilg Herbert , Byrne Christopher D. , Targher Giovanni 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have reported an association between metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and the risk of serious bacterial infections. However, the magnitude of the risk and whether this risk varies with the severity of MASLD remains uncertain. We performed a meta‐analysis of observational studies to quantify the association between MASLD and serious bacterial infections requiring hospital admission.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase from database inception to 1 April 2024, using predefined keywords to identify studies examining the risk of serious bacterial infections among individuals with and without MASLD. MASLD was diagnosed using liver biopsy, imaging or International Classification of Diseases codes. Meta‐analysis was performed using random‐effects modelling.ResultsWe identified six cross‐sectional and two prospective cohort studies with aggregate data on ~26.6 million individuals. MASLD was significantly associated with higher odds of serious bacterial infections (pooled random‐effects odds ratio 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44–2.58; I2 = 93%). Meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies showed that MAFLD was associated with an increased risk of developing serious bacterial infections (pooled random‐effects hazard ratio 1.80, 95% CI 1.62–2.0; I2 = 89%). This risk further increased across the severity of MASLD, especially the severity of fibrosis (pooled random‐effects hazard ratio 2.42, 95% CI 1.89–2.29; I2 = 92%). These results remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, obesity, diabetes and other potential confounders. Sensitivity analyses did not modify these findings. The funnel plot did not reveal any significant publication bias.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis shows a significant association between MASLD and an increased risk of serious bacterial infections requiring hospital admission.
Characterization of pinniped vibrissal type and number
Authors: Morgenthal Katharina , Krüger Yvonne , Rogers Tracey , Dehnhardt Guido , Hanke Frederike D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPinnipeds have vibrissae with which they can explore their environment. Two vibrissal parameters that differ in pinnipeds are shape and number. Regarding shape, most phocids have undulated vibrissae, whereas the vibrissae of a few phocids, all otariids and walruses are smooth. As there is disagreement with respect to which phocid vibrissae lack the undulation, we systematically collected information on vibrissal type. We have documented that all eared seals we examined, walruses, Mediterranean monk seals, bearded, and leopard seals have smooth vibrissae. All other phocids have undulated vibrissae, except for Ross seals and Hawaiian monk seals, which have partially undulated vibrissae. Moreover, we quantified and documented the existence of vibrissae from photos revealing otariids to have 20–43 mystacial vibrissae/pad, no rhinal vibrissae, 1–2 supraorbital vibrissae above each eye, and phocids to have 15–97 mystacial vibrissae/pad, 0–2 rhinal vibrissae/nostril, 1–9 supraorbital vibrissae above each eye, all averages determined from counts made from photos. Walruses have the maximum number of mystacial vibrissae amounting to 198 vibrissae/pad on average, but almost all walruses lack rhinal and supraorbital vibrissae. Vibrissae were found at the upper lip and on the lower jaw in some pinnipeds.
Development of a rapid and reliable surveillance method for Ornithodoros turicata americanus in gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) burrows in the southeastern United States
Authors: Canino Nicholas , Torhorst Carson , Botero‐Cañola Sebastian , Beati Lorenza , O'Hara Kathleen C. , James Angela , Wisely Samantha M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe soft tick Ornithodoros turicata Duges (Acari: Argasidae) is a potential vector of African swine fever virus (ASFV). We evaluated the efficacy of two methods to collect soft ticks rapidly and efficiently from gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) burrows, which are ubiquitous throughout large regions of the southeastern United States and their burrows are a known microhabitat of O. turicata. Burrow vacuuming was an effective and efficient tick collection method; no tick was captured employing CO2 trapping. Using an occupancy modelling framework, we estimated that the probability of detecting ticks from an infested burrow each time a sample was taken with this method was 58% and increased with the average relative humidity. With the occupancy model, we estimated that 70% of the burrows in the study area were infested with O. turicata. Manual sifting of the burrow material yielded more ticks (6.6 individuals/sample) than using a set of three sieves (2.9 individuals/sample), yet the probability of detecting the species was not different between the two methods (Pval = 0.7). These methods can inform the development of ASF vector surveillance and outbreak response plans in areas of high risk for ASFV introduction in the region.
5q14.3 Microdeletion Syndrome With Simultaneous Involvement of MEF2C and RASA1. Clinical Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: González Rodríguez José , de‐la‐Rosa Fernández Eduardo , Loizate Sarrionandia Irene , Benítez García Elsa , Herrero Moyano Maria , Morales Moreno Héctor Juan , Suárez Hernández José 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT5q14.3 microdeletion syndrome is a rare condition involving multiple genes such as MEF2C and RASA1 and is potentially classified as a neurocutaneous syndrome. Deletion of the MEF2C gene accounts for the majority of clinical manifestations, including global developmental delay, intellectual disability, seizures, and behavioral disorders. RASA1 deletion is linked to capillary malformations with arteriovenous malformations (CM‐AVM). Until now, only 17 cases have been described with deletions of both genes. We present the first case described in Spain with the microdeletion in the 5q14.3 cytoband simultaneously affecting both MEF2C and RASA1, exhibiting the typical manifestations of this entity, and review the published cases to date.
Constructing the meaning of human–AI romantic relationships from the perspectives of users dating the social chatbot Replika
Authors: Pan Shuyi , Mou Yi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith the increasingly emerging human–artificial intelligence (AI) romantic relationships throughout the world, it is important to understand its meaning from the perspective of users who are dating virtual lovers. This study uses relational dialectics theory 2.0 and its corresponding method of contrapuntal analysis to examine the discursive tensions of what it means to have an AI partner. Specifically, this study focused on users of the social chatbot Replika and analyzed posts shared by Replika users in an online community. Findings revealed two discourses: the discourse of idealization (DI) and the discourse of realism (DR) that interplayed through both contractive and expansive practices. This study contributes to the field by introducing the DI and the DR discourse framework, which lays the groundwork for future research on human–AI relationships. Additionally, the pivotal role of communication is highlighted, which serves as the cornerstone for constructing, framing, and negotiating the meaning of human–AI romantic relationships.
Decolonizing the Muslim mind: A philosophical critique
Authors: Faruque Muhammad U. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe crises of the Islamic world revolve around “epistemic colonialism.” So, in order to decolonize the Muslim mind, we must be able to deconstruct the Western episteme, and this involves dissociating ourselves from the Eurocentric knowledge system that gradually became ascendent since the Renaissance through such ideas as progress and modernity. However, this does not mean we need to discontinue dialog with Western thought. Rather it means retrieving and reviving our own intellectual heritage and being able to think with the categories and concepts derived from that heritage. But in light of the postcolonial situation where the intellectual and linguistic connection with one's own tradition is severed, this is a tremendous challenge. What is more, many Muslim intellectuals simply think that Islamic heritage has little relevance to address contemporary challenges. Yet unless Muslims are able to ground their self‐identity in their own intellectual tradition, they will be held captive to the web of epistemic colonialism. They might be comfortable offering their prayers as Muslims, but their mental ambience will be permeated by devastating, Eurocentric ideas. They will hardly be able to overcome their fragmented self‐image.