bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Itinéraires et mutations urbaines dans le Mašriq islamique (ier/viie-iiie/ixe siècles)
Authors: Bessard Fanny 
Published: June 2017

In the 1st/7th and the early 2nd/8th centuries, the Arab-Muslim conquest united two immense territories, once separated by a shifting border joining the Black sea to the Persian Gulf. To the East, the Arab-Muslims dominated Central Asia and the long-held Asian empire of the Sassanids that reached as far as the Chinese and Indian borders. To the West, they controlled the southern part of the Eastern and Western Roman empires. In the 2nd/8th century, the area conquered thus formed a narrow belt of lands from the Atlantic to the Chinese borders and from Georgia to Yemen. The Middle East became a converging hub of merchants and commercial goods. The article aims to discuss the political and social mechanisms involved in redrawing the map of the routes in the Mašriq from the early Umayyads in 41/661 to the death of caliph al-Muktafī in 295/908. It investigates the impact the evolution of road networks had on settlement patterns and economic strategies.
Au ier/viie et au début du iie/viiie siècle, la conquête arabo-musulmane réunit deux immenses territoires, jusqu’alors séparés par une frontière au tracé mouvant joignant la mer Noire au golfe Persique. À l’Est, les Arabo-musulmans dominent l’Asie centrale et l’ancien empire asiatique des Sassanides jusqu’aux confins chinois, et à l’Ouest, la partie méridionale des empires romains d’Orient et d’Occident. L’espace conquis forme au iie/viiie siècle une étroite ceinture de terres de l’Atlantique aux confins de la Chine et de la Géorgie au Yémen. Dans cet espace immense, jusque-là si divisé, le Proche-Orient devient le pôle de convergence des marchands et des biens. Cette reconfiguration géopolitique du Proche-Orient au début de l’Islam entraîne des changements décisifs. L’enjeu de cet article est d’appréhender par quels mécanismes politiques et sociaux la carte des réseaux routiers du Mašriq a été redessinée entre le début du règne des Omeyyades en 41/661 et le décès du calife al-Muktafī en 295/908. Il s’agit d’explorer quel impact l’évolution des trafics eut sur les dynamiques de peuplement et sur les échanges.
This article is in French.
“The Monasticism of My Community is Jihad”: A Debate on Asceticism, Sex, and Warfare in Early Islam
Authors: Sahner Christian C. 
Published: June 2017

This article explores Muslim attitudes towards asceticism in the second/eighth and third/ninth centuries by examining the famous Prophetic hadith: “Every community has its monasticism, and the monasticism of my community is ǧihād.” The hadith serves as a lens for assessing several broader phenomena, including early Muslim views of Christian monasticism, the rejection of celibacy in Islamic culture, and the promotion of a new code of sexual ethics in the post-conquest Middle East—what this article terms the “second sexual revolution of Late Antiquity.” It concludes by presenting several accounts of Christian monks who converted to Islam and joined the ǧihād, as well as Muslim soldiers who converted to Christianity and became monks.
Cet article analyse les attitudes des musulmans vis-à-vis de l’ascétisme aux deuxième/huitième et troisième/neuvième siècles en examinant le fameux hadith du Prophète : « Chaque communauté a sa forme de monachisme et le monachisme de ma communauté est le ǧihād ». Le hadith sert comme fenêtre pour évaluer plusieurs phénomènes plus larges, dont les points de vue des premiers musulmans sur le monachisme chrétien, le rejet du célibat dans la culture islamique et la promotion d’un nouveau code d’éthique sexuelle dans le Moyen Orient après la conquête – ce que cet article désigne par l’expression « seconde révolution sexuelle de l’Antiquité tardive ». Il conclut en présentant plusieurs récits de moines chrétiens qui se convertirent à l’islam et pratiquèrent le ǧihād, ainsi que des soldats musulmans qui se convertirent au christianisme et devinrent moines.
This article is in English.
Early vitrectomy for dense vitreous hemorrhage in adults with non-traumatic and non-diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhang Jingjing , Sun Xiaolei , Tian Jingyi , Shi Weiyun , Yuan Gongqiang 
Published: June 2017

Objective To evaluate the etiologies for dense vitreous hemorrhage in adults with non-traumatic and reveal management of early vitrectomy for the disease. Methods Study included 105 eyes from 105 patients. Outcome measures were etiologies of vitreous hemorrhage, formation of retinal and/or disk neovascular membrane (NVM), incidence of retinal tear and detachment, visual acuity (VA) and postoperative complications. Results Mean time between presentation and surgery was 7.1 days. The most common etiologies were retinal vein occlusion (RVO) (58.1%), retinal tear (22.9%) and retinal vasculitis (10.4%). Most RVO (77.0%) and retinal vasculitis (72.7%) eyes were associated with retinal and/or disk NVM. Retinal tear and retinal detachment was found in 24 and 48 eyes, respectively. VA improved significantly from 1/70 to 0.6 following vitrectomy. The most common postoperative complication was cataract (28.6%). Conclusion RVO, retinal tear and retinal vasculitis were the most common causes of dense vitreous hemorrhage. Early vitrectomy has a good outcome with acceptable complication rates in this setting.
Light Absorptive Properties of Articular Cartilage, ECM Molecules, Synovial Fluid, and Photoinitiators as Potential Barriers to Light-Initiated Polymer Scaffolding Procedures
Authors: Finch Anthony J. , Benson Jamie M. , Donnelly Patrick E. , Torzilli Peter A. 
Published: June 2017

Objective Many in vivo procedures to repair chondral defects use ultraviolet (UV)-photoinitiated in situ polymerization within the cartilage matrix. Chemical species that absorb UV light might reduce the effectiveness of these procedures by acting as light absorption barriers. This study evaluated whether any of the individual native biochemical components in cartilage and synovial fluid interfered with the absorption of light by common scaffolding photosensitizers. Materials UV-visible spectroscopy was performed on each major component of cartilage in solution, on bovine synovial fluid, and on four photosensitizers, riboflavin, Irgacure 2959, quinine, and riboflavin-5′-phosphate. Molar extinction and absorption coefficients were calculated at wavelengths of maximum absorbance and 365 nm. Intact articular cartilage was also examined. Results The individual major biochemical components of cartilage, Irgacure 2959, and quinine did not exhibit a significant absorption at 365 nm. Riboflavin and riboflavin-5′-phosphate were more effectual light absorbers at 365 nm, compared with the individual native species. Intact cartilage absorbed a significantly greater amount of UV light in comparison with the native species. Conclusion Our results indicate that none of the individual native species in cartilage will interfere with the absorption of UV light at 365 nm by these commonly used photoinitiators. Intact cartilage slices exhibited significant light absorption at 365 nm, while also having distinct absorbance peaks at wavelengths less than 300 nm. Determining the UV absorptive properties of the biomolecules native to articular cartilage and synovial fluid will aid in optimizing scaffolding procedures to ensure sufficient scaffold polymerization at a minimum UV intensity.
The impact of age, gender and severity of overactive bladder wet on quality of life, productivity, treatment patterns and satisfaction
Authors: Lloyd SM , Crawford G , McSkimming P , Grifi M , Greenwell TJ , Ockrim JL 
Published: June 2017

Objective: The objective of this article is to determine the impact of idiopathic overactive bladder wet (OAB wet) severity, age and gender on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), productivity, treatment patterns and treatment satisfaction. Materials and methods: A prospective, cross-sectional online survey of adults in the United Kingdom was performed to screen for self-reported symptoms of OAB wet. Respondents completed the King’s Health Questionnaire or the Incontinence Quality of Life, as well as the Euroqol 5D, and the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Specific Health Problem questionnaire, and questions pertaining to distress, treatment and treatment satisfaction. Results: A total of 249 of 1126 respondents (22.1%) met the criteria for OAB wet. Respondents with moderate/severe OAB wet and all women experienced significantly worse HRQoL and work productivity than those with mild symptoms and all men, respectively. Among all OAB wet responders, 62.7% were receiving treatment for their condition, predominantly pads (40.2%); only 1.6% were receiving specialised treatment. Nearly one-half (44.6%) were somewhat or completely dissatisfied with their current treatment. Conclusion: In individuals with OAB wet, severity and gender negatively impact HRQoL and work productivity. A substantial proportion of OAB wet individuals were untreated, and low treatment satisfaction was reported in those receiving treatment. Treatment was generally conservative.
A structure-based argument for non-classical crystal growth in natural clay minerals
Authors: García-Romero Emilia , Suárez Mercedes 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTEvidence of crystallization by particle attachment in synthetic materials is described in numerous contributions. However, efforts to establish the contribution of the particle attachment mechanism to inorganic crystallization in natural environments have barely begun. Here, we show, for the first time, evidence that confirms oriented particle attachment as a crystal growth mechanism that is relevant in sedimentary environments. In these natural settings, oriented particle attachment operates during the formation of highly anisotropically structured clay minerals, which constitute one of the most extensively distributed groups of minerals in the Earth's crust. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images show that the clay minerals aggregation process occurs in different manners. Smectites aggregate by semi-oriented attachment, while kaolinite, sepiolite and palygorskite aggregate by oriented attachment.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Stromal vascular fraction cells for the treatment of critical limb ischemia: a pilot study
Authors: Darinskas Adas , Paskevicius Mindaugas , Apanavicius Gintaras , Vilkevicius Gintaris , Labanauskas Liutauras , Ichim Thomas E. , Rimdeika Rytis 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background
Cell-based therapy is being explored as an alternative treatment option for critical limb ischemia (CLI), a disease associated with high amputation and mortality rates and poor quality of life. However, therapeutic potential of uncultured adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells has not been evaluated as a possible treatment. In this pilot study, we investigated the efficacy of multiple injections of autologous uncultured adipose-derived SVF cells to treat patients with CLI.

Methods
This study included 15 patients, from 35 to 77 years old, with rest pain and ulceration. SVF cells were injected once or twice in the ischemic limb along the arteries. Digital subtraction angiography was performed before and after cell therapy. The clinical follow up was carried out for the subsequent 12 months after the beginning of the treatment.

Results
Multiple intramuscular SVF cell injections caused no complications during the follow-up period. Clinical improvement occurred in 86.7% of patients. Two patients required major amputation, and the amputation sites healed completely. The rest of patients achieved a complete ulcer healing, pain relief, improved ankle-brachial pressure index and claudication walking distance, and had ameliorated their quality of life. Digital subtraction angiography performed before and after SVF cell therapy showed formation of numerous vascular collateral networks across affected arteries.

Conclusion
Results of this pilot study demonstrate that the multiple intramuscular SVF cell injections stimulate regeneration of injured tissue and are effective alternative to achieve therapeutic angiogenesis in CLI patients who are not eligible for conventional treatment.
Trial registration number at ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN13001382. Retrospectively registered at 26/04/2017.
Etiologies, diagnostic work-up and outcomes of acute respiratory distress syndrome with no common risk factor: a prospective multicenter study
Authors: de Prost Nicolas , Pham Tài , Carteaux Guillaume , Mekontso Dessap Armand , Brun-Buisson Christian , Fan Eddy , Bellani Giacomo , Laffey John , Mercat Alain , Brochard Laurent , Maître Bernard ,   for the LUNG SAFE investigators,   the ESICM trials group,   the REVA network
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background
Patients meeting the Berlin definition for the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) might lack exposure to one or more “common” risk factors and exhibit different clinical phenotype and outcomes. We aimed to compare the clinical presentation and outcome of ARDS patients with or without risk factors, the impact on hospital mortality, and to assess the diagnostic work-up performed. The current study is an ancillary analysis of an international, multicenter, prospective cohort study (the Large Observational Study to Understand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Failure, LUNG SAFE). Patients meeting ARDS criteria within 2 days of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure onset were included in the study and categorized as having risk factors or not. Outcomes were compared using propensity score matching.

Results
Among 2813 patients, 234 (8.3% [7.3–9.3]) had no ARDS risk factor identified. These were older, had more frequent chronic diseases and presented with less severe SOFA and non-pulmonary SOFA scores (p < 0.001). Compared to other ARDS, CT scan (32.1 vs 23.9%, p < 0.001) and open lung biopsy (2.6 vs 0.2%, p < 0.001) were slightly more frequent but left heart filling pressures assessment was not (69.4 vs 68.4%, p > 0.99). Among ARDS with no risk factor, 45 patients (19.2%) had a specific diagnosis made. As compared to others, patients having ARDS with no risk factor had a lower ICU but not hospital mortality (34.6 vs 40.0%; p = 0.12). A matched cohort analysis confirmed the lack of significant difference in mortality.

Conclusion
Eight percent of ARDS patients have no identified risk factor, 80% of whom have no etiological diagnosis made. The outcome of ARDS with no risk factor was comparable to other ARDS but few had a comprehensive diagnostic work-up, potentially leading to missed curable diseases.
Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02010073
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Desflurane anesthesia worsens emergence agitation in adult patients undergoing thyroid surgery compared to sevoflurane anesthesia
Authors: Suzuki Takeshi , Kurazumi Takuya , Ueda Tomomi , Nagata Hiromasa , Yamada Takashige , Kosugi Shizuko , Hashiguchi Saori , Ito Koichi , Morisaki Hiroshi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of volatile anesthetics on emergence agitation in adults remains unclear. We compared the degree of emergence agitation between desflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia in adults undergoing thyroid surgery.FindingsOne hundred and sixteen patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists status 1 or 2 were randomized into two groups: the desflurane group (group D) and the sevoflurane group (group S). After induction of anesthesia with fentanyl (1–2 μg/kg) and propofol (1.5–2.5 mg/kg), tracheal intubation was facilitated with suxamethonium (0.5–1.0 mg/kg). In group D, anesthesia was maintained with desflurane in 66% nitrous oxide and 33% oxygen supplemented with fentanyl when necessary; in group S, sevoflurane was used instead of desflurane. After the end of the surgery, emergence agitation was evaluated with a modified pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium scale (ranging from 0 to 16, with higher scores indicating more severe emergence agitation) before extubation. Time to extubation from the end of the surgery, postoperative pain (evaluated by a numerical rating scale [NRS]), and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after surgery were examined. The degree of emergence agitation was more severe in group D than in group S (median [interquartile range]: 5 [4–7] vs 4 [2–6],p = 0.008). Time to extubation, NRS scores, and PONV rates were similar between the two groups.ConclusionsDesflurane anesthesia worsened emergence agitation as compared with sevoflurane in adult patients undergoing thyroid surgery, but did not affect time to extubation, postoperative pain, or PONV.Trial registrationUMIN000014215
Potential Drug-Drug and Herb-Drug Interactions in Patients With Cancer: A Prospective Study of Medication Surveillance
Authors: Ramos-Esquivel Allan , Víquez-Jaikel Álvaro , Fernández Cristina 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: Patients with cancer frequently use herbal supplements and concomitant medications along with antineoplastic agents. These patients are at high risk of herb-drug interactions (HDIs) and drug-drug interactions (DDIs). We aimed to determine clinically relevant DDIs and HDIs leading to pharmaceutical intervention. Methods: Patients starting a new anticancer therapy were asked to complete a questionnaire to identify concomitant use of any over-the-counter drug or herbal supplement. Potential DDIs and HDIs were identified using two different databases. If a potentially clinically relevant DDI was recognized by the clinical pharmacist, a notification was sent to the prescribing oncologist, who decided whether to carry out a suggested intervention. Regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with clinically relevant DDIs. Results: A total of 149 patients were included in this study, with 36 potentially clinically relevant DDIs identified in 26 patients (17.4%; 95% CI, 11.3% to 23.5%), all of them leading to therapy modifications. In total, four patients (2.7%; 95% CI, 0.1% to 5.3%) had experienced clinical consequences from DDIs at the time of pharmacist notification. Additionally, 84 patients (56.4%; 95% CI, 48.4% to 64.4%) reported using concurrent herbal supplements, and 122 possible HDIs were detected. Concomitant use of two or more drugs was independently associated with high risk of a clinically significant DDI (odds ratio, 2.53; 95% CI, 1.08 to 5.91; P = .03). Conclusion: Potentially clinically relevant DDIs and possible HDIs were frequently detected in this prospective study. A multidisciplinary approach is required to identify and avoid potentially harmful combinations with anticancer therapy.
Inverse Optimization for the Recovery of Market Structure from Market Outcomes: An Application to the MISO Electricity Market
Authors: Birge John R. , Hortaçsu Ali , Pavlin J. Michael 
Published: June 2017

We propose an inverse optimization-based methodology to determine market structure from commodity and transportation prices. The methods are appropriate for locational marginal price-based electricity markets where prices are shadow prices in the centralized optimization used to clear the market. We apply the inverse optimization methodology to outcome data from the Midcontinent ISO electricity market (MISO) and, under noise-free assumptions, recover parameters of transmission and related constraints that are not revealed to market participants but explain the price variation. We demonstrate and evaluate analytical uses of the recovered structure including reconstruction of the pricing mechanism and investigations of locational market power through the transmission constrained residual demand derivative. Prices generated from the reconstructed mechanism are highly correlated to actual MISO prices under a wide variety of market conditions. In a case study, the residual demand derivative is shown to be correlated with coefficients of certain transmission constraints. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1606 .
Leptin, soluble leptin receptor, and free leptin index in patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Smirnova Elena N. , Shulkina Sofia G. 
Published: June 2017

Aim. To assess the levels of leptin, its soluble receptor, and index of the formation of free leptin in metabolic syndrome (MS).
Materials and methods. The study included 110 individuals with obesity and overweight. The group 1 consisted of 70 patients with MS (IDF, 2005), the average body mass index (BMI) 38.4 4.4 kg/m2, aged 48.2 2.4 years, with arterial hypertension (AH) 12 degree, without regular antihypertensive therapy. Group 2 "healthy" obesity accounted for 40 patients aged 38.4 6.2 years, BMI 36.0 5.5 kg/m2 without hypertension and metabolic disorders. Group 3 consisted of 30 healthy persons, BMI 27.1 1.3 kg/m2. All patients were evaluated for insulin, HOMA index, leptin, leptin receptor, leptin free index (calculated as the ratio of leptin (ng/ml) to the leptin receptor (ng/ml), multiplied by 100).
Results: In patients with MS as compared to other two groups there were higher levels of HOMA IR index, leptin and free leptin index. Values of leptin receptor in groups 1 and 2 did not differ significantly and were lower than in healthy persons. The free leptin index was significantly higher in MS group relative to the group 2 and 15 times higher than in the healthy individuals. Free leptin index correlated with values of BMI (R = 0.32; p = 0.02), blood pressure (R = 0.3; p = 0.04), uric acid (R = 0.27; p = 0.04), triglycerides (R = 0.42; p = 0.02), index HOMA-IR (R = 0.45; p = 0.02).
Conclusions:

Reduction of soluble leptin receptor, depending on the degree of abdominal obesity, may cause progression of leptin resistance in patients with MS.
The levels of leptin and soluble leptin receptor appears to have dramatical gender differences.
Calculation of free leptin index should be used for the objective evaluation of leptin resistance, regardless of gender, degree of obesity, and other metabolic parameters.
Biological Treatment Of Simulated Humic Acid Wasre Water In A Laboratory Scale Aerobic Reactor
Authors: Yunardi Yunardi 
Published: June 2017

A laboratory study was conducted to determine the feasibility of activated sludge reactor for treating humic acid waste waterand examine the effect of the presence of glucose as the second carbon source on treatment performance. Activated sludge obtained from a waste water treatment plant treating domestic wastewater was used as a seed for reactors. Synthetic wastewater containing humid acid as the sole carbon source and glucose as the second carbon source were used as feeds for the reactors operated in a fill-and-draw mode. The result showed tht the presence of glucose in the wastewater enhanced the production of higher MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solids) than that without of glucose. The TOC (Total Organic Carbon) concentration in both reactors fluctuated greatly until the end of the experiment due to inability of keeping the input TOC at desired level. However the decrease in TOC suggested that there are some microorganisms capable of degrading the humic acid. Addition of glucose to the simulated humic acid wastewater improved the capability of microbes in degrading the acids. Most ammonium nitrogen in the wastewater was converted to nitrate nitrogen. Although the performance was lower compared to that of conventional system, activated sludge process was capable of degrading wastewater containing humic acids.Keywords : activated sludge, ammonium nitrogen, fill and draw, glucose, humic acid, wastewater