bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Denitrification along the Stream‐Riparian Continuum in Restored and Unrestored Agricultural Streams
Authors: Welsh Molly K. , McMillan Sara K. , Vidon Philippe G. 
Published: July 2017

Although floodplain restoration may improve stream‐riparian connectivity and increase channel stability through cross‐vane installation, stream bank regrading, and buffer revegetation, the impact of these geomorphic alterations on denitrification across the aquatic‐terrestrial interface is poorly understood. Seasonal denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) was compared in stream‐riparian ecotones of four streams with varying hydrologic connection, riparian vegetation composition, and agricultural influence. Riparian and stream DEA was generally higher in sites adjacent to agricultural fields due to proximity to nitrate source. Mean DEA was higher in the dormant season (riparian: 928 ± 116 ng N g−1 dry mass [DM] h−1, stream: 108 ± 149 ng N g−1 DM h−1) than in the growing season (riparian: 355 ± 55 ng N g−1 DM h−1, stream: 45 ± 40 ng N g−1 DM h−1) and was influenced by antecedent precipitation, soil texture, and landscape characteristics (land use, vegetation type, topography) in multivariate models. Hot spots of denitrification occurred at the confluence of fine soil textures with high organic matter and moisture, often at low‐lying areas of the landscape. At the restored site, we observed enhanced denitrification in the reconnected floodplain but decreased stream denitrification capacity in pools. Across all sites, streams had lower DEA than riparian zones, stressing the importance of restoration approaches designed to conserve riparian areas and maintain hydrologic connectivity. Easily obtainable data including precipitation, adjacent land use, vegetation, and stream and floodplain geomorphology reasonably predicted denitrification potential compared with more complex models, showing potential for application in water resources and nitrogen management.Core Ideas
Denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) was measured in agricultural stream ecotones.
Restoration led to sediment coarsening and reduced denitrification in stream pools.
Denitrification hot spots occurred in saturated, reconnected near‐stream zones.
Land use and geomorphology are important field predictors of denitrification.
Riparian slope, bank height, and vegetation type can inform nitrogen management.
Orthophosphorus Contributions to Total Phosphorus Concentrations and Loads in Iowa Agricultural Watersheds
Authors: Schilling Keith E. , Kim Sea‐Won , Jones Christopher S. , Wolter Calvin F. 
Published: July 2017

Phosphorus (P) is delivered to streams as episodic particulate P and more continuous soluble P (orthophosphorus [OP]), and it is important to determine the proportion of each P form in river water to more effectively design remedial measures. In this study, we evaluated the annual mean ratios of OP to total P (TP) concentrations and loads in 12 Iowa rivers and found systematic variation in the ratios. The OP/TP ratios were >60% in two tile‐drained watersheds of the Des Moines Lobe and in a shallow fractured bedrock watershed in northeast Iowa, whereas in southern and western Iowa, OP contributions to TP were <30%. Higher OP/TP ratios were associated with greater row crop intensity in the watershed and a greater proportion of baseflow in the river. Orthophosphorus contributions from croplands would be greater in watersheds characterized by widespread tile drainage and well‐drained soils, whereas cropland TP export would be dominated by particulate P in dissected till plains with poorly drained soils. Understanding the dominant form and transport pathway of P from agricultural areas in a watershed is seen as an important first step in determining appropriate conservation practices to reduce P loads.Core Ideas
OP contributions to TP export can vary substantially in watersheds.
There are higher OP/TP ratios in tile‐drained and permeable soils
OP/TP are ratios related to row crop intensity and baseflow.
Understanding the P transport pathway is important for BMP targeting.
Nitrous Oxide Emitted from Soil Receiving Anaerobically Digested Solid Cattle Manure
Authors: Thomas Ben W. , Hao Xiying 
Published: July 2017

Limited information is available about soil nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes, N2O emission factors (EFs), and yield‐scaled N2O emissions for biogas residues used to fertilize crops in semiarid regions. To address this knowledge gap, a 4‐yr field experiment was conducted in a semiarid climate to determine growing season N2O fluxes from soil receiving (i) anaerobically digested solid beef cattle manure (digestate), (ii) separated solids from the digestate (separated solids), and (iii) undigested solid beef cattle manure (cattle manure) applied to target one and two times the recommended rates (200 and 400 kg total N ha−1) for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) forage, assuming 50% of N was annually plant available. Nitrous oxide fluxes were determined using vented static chambers. Over the four growing seasons, 95, 80, and 81% of the N2O flux occurred within 36 d of applying digestate, separated solids, and cattle manure, respectively. The cumulative N2O emissions with digestate were 4.7 and 4.1 times the values of the separated solids and cattle manure, respectively. The digestate N2O EF was 13.6 and 10.6 times the values of the separated solids and cattle manure, respectively, but the N2O EF based on applied mineral N was similar for all amendments. The yield‐scaled N2O emissions with digestate were 4.3 and 3.6 times the values of the separated solids and cattle manure, respectively. In the semiarid region of southern Alberta, liquid biogas residues have a higher risk for N2O emissions than both the separated solid fraction of the biogas residues and undigested cattle manure.Core Ideas
Information on N2O emitted from biogas residues applied to semiarid soils is limited.
80 to 95% of N2O emissions occurred within 36 d of amendment application over 4 yr.
Digestate led to 4.4 times the N2O emissions of separated solids and cattle manure.
Digestate had 10.6 to 13.6 times the N2O emission factors of separated solids and cattle manure.
Digestate had 4.0 times the yield‐scaled N2O of separated solids and cattle manure.
Metal Immobilization on Wood‐Derived Biochars: Distribution and Reactivity of Carbonate Phases
Authors: Rees Frédéric , Watteau Françoise , Mathieu Sandrine , Turpault Marie‐Pierre , Le Brech Yann , Qiu Rongliang , Morel Jean Louis 
Published: July 2017

Metals can be immobilized on biochars by precipitation with carbonate. The distribution of metal–carbonate phases at the surface of biochars and the conditions of their formation, however, are unknown. Electron microscopy and X‐photon spectroscopy were used to characterize carbonate phases in various morphological groups of particles of a wood‐derived biochar, both before and after a metal‐sorption experiment. Our results showed that the distribution of metals at the surface of biochar particles depended on the corresponding wood tissues and the presence of carbonate phases. Metals were particularly concentrated (i) within calcium carbonate crystals in bark‐derived particles, which originated from calcium oxalate crystals formed prior to pyrolysis, and (ii) as new phases formed by the reprecipitation of carbonate on specific tissues of biochar. The formation of biochar carbonate phases and their redistribution by dissolution–precipitation mechanisms may primarily control the localization of metals on biochar particles and the durability of metals immobilization.Core Ideas
Carbonate phases in wood‐derived biochars can immobilize metals in solution.
Some carbonate phases result from oxalate crystals transformation during pyrolysis.
Metals are immobilized within preexisting calcium crystals or in new precipitates.
The new precipitates are localized on specific features inherited from wood tissues.
Use of methyl esterified eggshell membrane for treatment of aqueous solutions contaminated with anionic sulfur dye
Authors: Choi Hee-Jeong 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The present study assessed the adsorption of an anionic dye (sulfur blue) by methyl-esterified eggshell membrane (MESM), a low-cost and abundant material from waste. Adsorption kinetics were investigated using parameters such as pH, contact time, initial dye concentration, solution temperature, dosage of adsorbent, and particle size of adsorbent. After methyl esterification, the specific surface area significantly increased and the negative surface charge of the eggshell membrane changed to positive for all pH values, which increased the sulfur dye sorption capacity. The optimal conditions for sorption of sulfur dye onto MESM resulted in &gt;98% removal and were as follows: &lt;35 μm particle size, pH 8, 20 min contact time and 313 K temperature. In this respect, 0.68–0.73 dry weight mg/L sulfur dye was adsorbed per 1 mg/L MESM. The Langmuir adsorption capacity for sulfur dye was 187.6 mg/g. In addition, sulfur removal was spontaneous and uptake was endothermic. MESM is an inexpensive and effective adsorbent.
Protozoan Parasites Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Anchors: Structures, Functions and Trends for Drug Discovery
Authors: Morotti Ana Luísa Malaco , Martins-Teixeira Maristela Braga , Carvalho Ivone 
Published: July 2017

Background:Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors are molecules located on cell membranes of all eukaryotic organisms. Proteins, enzymes, and other macromolecules which are anchored by GPIs are essential elements for interaction between cells, and are widely used by protozoan parasites when compared to higher eukaryotes.Methods:More than one hundred references were collected to obtain broad information about mammalian and protozoan parasites’ GPI structures, biosynthetic pathways, functions and attempts to use these molecules as drug targets against parasitic diseases. Differences between GPI among species were compared and highlighted. Strategies for drug discovery and development against protozoan GPI anchors were discussed based on what has been reported on literature.Results:There are many evidences that GPI anchors are crucial for parasite’s survival and interaction with hosts’ cells. Despite all GPI anchors contain a conserved glycan core, they present variations regarding structural features and biosynthetic pathways between organisms, which could offer adequate selectivity to validate GPI anchors as drug targets. Discussion was developed with focus on the following parasites: Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania, Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii, causative agents of tropical neglected diseases.Conclusion:This review debates the main variances between parasitic and mammalian GPI anchor biosynthesis and structures, as well as clues for strategic development for new anti-parasitic therapies based on GPI anchors.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN PENGENCER SKIM MILK DENGAN BERBAGAI LEVEL FILTRAT KECAMBAH KACANG HIJAU (Phaseolus radiates L.) TERHADAP KUALITAS SEMEN CAIR SAPI SIMMENTAL PADA SUHU RUANG
Authors: Yatusholikhah Inna , Isnaini Nurul , Ihsan Muhammad Nur 
Published: July 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan pengencer susu skimÂ dengan berbagai level filtrat kecambah kacang hijau (Phaseolus radiatus L.) terhadap kualitas semen cair yaitu motilitas individu, viabilitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoa sapi Simmental yang di simpan papda suhu ruang. Manfaat pada penelitian menjadi studi ilmiah sebagai sumber daya untuk akademisi dan untuk pelaksanaan teknis IB. Materi penelitian yang digunakan yaitu semen segar dari sapi Simmental yang dipelihara di Balai Besar Inseminasi Buatan Singosari Malang, umur 5-7 tahun, motilitas massa ++ dan motilitas individu â‰¥ 50%.. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian menggunakan percobaan laboratorium dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan, yaitu P0 sebagai kontrol (1 ml susu skim + 0,1 semen), P1 (0,02 ml filtrat (Phaseolus radiatus L.) + 0,98 ml susu skim + 0,1 semen), P2 (0,04 ml filtrat (Phaseolus radiatus L.) + 0,96 ml susu skim + 0,1 semen) Dan P3 (0,06 ml filtrat (Phaseolus radiatus L.) + 0.94 ml susu skim + 0,1 semen). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan ANOVA dalam Rancangan Acak, adanya pengaruh yang signifikan akan diuji oleh Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motilitas individu dan abnormalitas spermatozoa tidak berbeda nyata (P> 0,05) untuk semua penyimpanan pada 0, 2, 4 dan 6 jam, sedangkan viabilitas spermatozoa memberikan perbedaan yang nyata (P <0,05) untuk P3 (69,34 Â± 11,01) pada penyimpanan 4 jam. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pengaruh pengencer susu skim dengan berbagai level filtrat kecambah kacang hijau terhadap kualitas semen cair sapi Simmental pada suhu ruang hanya memberikan pengaruh pada vaibilitas spermatozoa dengan level 4% yang di simpan pada 4 jam.Â Kata Kunci : semen cair, motilitas, viabilitas, abnormalitas
El cristianismo de Hilda Moreno. Un estudio de caso.
Authors: Costadoat Jorge 
Published: July 2017

This case study deals with the Christianism of a true Catholic person, with special attention to the categories and issues that express her religiosity. This study should help us understand the theological reception of the Vatican Council II in Latin American church. Our thesis postulates that the Council introduced extraordinary changes in Latin American Christianism without causing any damage to traditional Christianism. Conclusions indicate that Hilda Moreno understood her own life during the agitated period in which she lived, in the light of traditional religiosity, which gave her the possibility of integrating the theological and pastoral novelties of the Council with no difficulty, instead of preventing her from doing it.
ANALISIS SISTEM PENENTUAN LOKASI GANGGUAN JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI LISTRIK TERINTEGRASI GOOGLE MAP
Authors: Haris Abdul , Agtriadi Herman Bedi 
Published: July 2017

Tingginya kebutuhan akan listrik dalam kehidupan masyarakat sadar atau tanpa kita sadari kita sering mengalami masalah listrik padam yang diakibatkan kebakaran gardu, pohon tumbang, kebakaran rumah dan beberapa masalah yang dapat mengakibatkan gangguan jaringan distribusi listrik.. Oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan sebuah sistem untuk dapat secara cepat mengetahui gangguan-gangguan yang terjadi dilapangan dan sistem tersebut dapat memberikan petunjuk jalur alternatif yang secara cepat dapat dilalui dan mengetahui titik lokasi terjadi. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan google API, teknologi ini mampu memetakan lokasi terdekat dengan membaca kordinat selain itu teknologi ini mampu menjadi penghubung antara teknologi internet yang berbasis komputer dengan mobile. Web merupakan aplikasi yang sangat populer dan dapat menjadi media yang dapat digunakan untuk menyediakan informasi secara cepat dimanapun lokasinya sedangkan google map merupakan sarana yang menjadi penunjuk untuk memberikan informasi jalur cepat yang dapat dilalui untuk mencapai titik lokasi gangguan jaringan listrik secara visual pada peta. penelitian ini dapat menghasilkan sebuah aplikasi web yang terintegrasi google map untuk dapat memberikan informasi secara real time yang terhubung pada konsumen.
GOOGLE DRIVE: POTENCIALIDADES PARA O DESIGN DE MATERIAL EDUCACIONAL DIGITAL (MED) PARA ENSINO DE LÍNGUAS
Authors: RAMOS Rosinda De Castro Guerra , RAMOS Simone Telles Martins , ASEGA Fernanda Katherine 
Published: July 2017

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma experiência sobre como o Google Drive pode ser usado para o desenho de MED (Material Educacional Digital) para o ensino-aprendizagem de línguas, devido ao crescente uso das TDICs (Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação) na área de educação e aos desafios que o design de materiais educacionais para o ambiente digital nos lançam. Para apresentar nossa experiência, faremos uma discussão teórica sobre os conceitos de desenvolvimento de material didático (TOMLINSON, 2003; RAMOS, 2009), de material educacional digital –MED – (BEHAR, 2009), multimodalidade (ROJO e BARBOSA, 2015), a lacuna existente em relação ao letramento digital na formação de professores (LEFFA, 2013), os níveis/tipos de interação em ambiente digital (HIRUMI, 2013) e sua relação na coconstrução de novos conhecimentos (VIGOTSKY, 1989, 1998; OLIVEIRA, 1997; BRASIL, 1998). Em seguida, descreveremos o Google Drive e as funcionalidades dos aplicativos de produtividade Google Documentos, Planilhas, Apresentações e Formulários. Finalizaremos com considerações sobre essa experiência e suas contribuições para a área de formação de professores de línguas.
Three-phase Frequency Measurement under Non-sinusoidal Conditions Using the Static Reference Frame.
Authors: M. Mañana  , Ortiz, A  , Pérez, S  , Renedo, C.  , Eguíluz, L.I  
Published: July 2017

The utilization of Clark’s transformation in the estimation of the power system frequency provides more robustness to the classical single-phase methods. One of the advantages of this technique is that extract the frequency information contained in the three-phase system. This is particularly important when asymmetric sag generates a zero voltage in one of the three phases.
Dynamic Performance Implications of the Power Conditioner Grid-Connected for Photovoltaic Source.
Authors: C. Peraza  , F. González-Longatt  , C. Villanueva  
Published: July 2017

The abstract in placed in the left-hand column and starts at about 11 cm from de top of the page. It should give concise information on the aims, the methods, the results and the conclusions of the paper. Its length should not exceed 200 words.
Entrevista: Fernanda Arêas Peixoto e Maria Alice Rezende de Carvalho
Authors: Espósito Fernando 
Published: July 2017

O livro Ciudades Sudamericanas como Arenas Culturales, organizado pelo arquiteto Adrián Gorelik e pela antropóloga Fernanda Arêas Peixoto, através de diversos olhares sobre a vida cultural urbana em diferentes cidades da América do Sul, discute acerca da cidade como lugar de germinação de tendências artísticas, projetos intelectuais e disputas político-ideológicas. O livro é apresentado através de uma entrevista com Fernanda Arêas Peixoto, organizadora e uma das autoras, e com a socióloga Maria Alice Rezende de Carvalho, também autora. Trata-se de lançar múltiplas perspectivas sobre a vida urbana no sul do continente através de episódios de diferentes cidades, entre o final do século XIX e início do XXI. São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, Recife, Montevidéu, Santiago do Chile, entre outras, são observadas por meio de recortes variados, alguns relacionados a um lugar, como uma rua ou um bairro, e outros relacionados à produção cultural propriamente dita, como obras teatrais e televisivas, por exemplo. As cenas e os laboratórios urbanos oferecidos por cada um dos ensaios funcionam como espécies de dispositivos de observação capazes de aproximar o leitor às muitas camadas que compõem a cidade.
Palavras-chave: arenas culturais; vida urbana; produção cultural.
PENGARUH DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, RETURN ON EQUITY, TINGKAT SUKU BUNGA, DAN INFLASI TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PERUSAHAAN SUBSEKTOR PROPERTY DAN REAL ESTATE YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2007-2012
Authors: Oktiar Tri 
Published: July 2017

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menguji pengaruh Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return On Equity (ROE), tingkat suku bunga, dan inflasi terhadap return saham perusahaan subsektor property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Variabel independen yang digunakan adalah Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return On Equity (ROE), tingkat suku bunga, inflasi dan variabel dependen return saham. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh bukti empiris tentang pengaruh Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return On Equity (ROE), tingkat suku bunga, dan inflasi terhadap return saham perusahaan subsektor property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia.

Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan subsektor property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dengan waktu amatan tahun 2007 sampai dengan tahun 2012. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari Indonesia Capital Market Directory (ICMD) dan Bank Indonesia. Metode analisis data yang digunakan
adalah regresi linier berganda, sementara uji hipotesis menggunakan uji simultan (Uji F) untuk menguji pengaruh variabel secara bersama-sama dan uji t dengan tingkat signifikansi 5% untuk menguji pengaruh variabel secara parsial.

Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, diperoleh hasil secara simultan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return On Equity (ROE), tingkat suku bunga, dan inflasi berpengaruh terhadap return saham perusahaan subsektor property dan real estate yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia, sedangkan secara parsial Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), tingkat suku bunga, dan inflasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan, Return On Equity (ROE) berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap return saham perusahaan subsektor property dan real estate. Kemampuan prediksi dari keempat variabel tersebut terhadap return saham adalah 15,5% sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh besarnya adjusted R2, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan ke dalam model penelitian.

Kata kunci: Return Saham, Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return On Equity (ROE), Tingkat Suku Bunga, Inflasi
Detecting and monitoring endophytic colonization by Pseudomonas putida BP25 in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) using quantitative real-time PCR
Authors: Agisha V N , Eapen S J , Bhai R S , Kumar A 
Published: July 2017

A quantitative real-time PCR assay was developed to quantify Pseudomonas putida BP25, an antagonistic endophyte against a broad range of pathogens in black pepper such as Phytophthora capsici, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Rhizoctonia solani, Gibberella moniliformis, Athelia rolfsii and a plant parasitic nematode, Radopholus similis. The real-time PCR primers were designed based on the16S rRNA sequences of P. putida strains and specificity of the primers was confirmed. The detection limit of the assay was found to be 1 pg. The assay detected and quantified the bacterial colonization in the roots at weekly intervals after inoculation. The P. putida DNA was quantified to be 0.4 ng in roots corresponding to 5.4 log10 CFU g-1 at 7th and 14th day after inoculation (DAI). A decline in endophyte population was observed during 21st and 28th DAI and the DNA concentration ranged from 3.7-4.6 pg corresponding to 3.4-3.5 log10 CFU g-1 of root. No amplification could be obtained in stem and leaf samples. The newly developed real-time PCR could be useful for detection, quantification and monitoring of endophytic P. putida BP25 in different plant tissues.
Peer Victimization in Middle Childhood: Characteristics, Causes, and Consequences of School Bullying
Authors: Marini Zopito 
Published: July 2017

This paper focuses on a particular type of peer victimization commonly identified as school bullying. In the past. myths and inaccurate assumptions coupled with the lack of empirical data on the long term effects and stability of peer victimization have presented serious obstacles toward a greater understanding of bullying. Recent research, however, suggests that the number of students affected is much higher than previously believed, the range of behaviours involved more severe, and the consequences long-lasting; in many cases, the maladjustment for both victims and bullies can extend well into adulthood. Clearly, peer victimization is a complex and multidimensional aspect of school life that needs to be understood in greater depth and taken much more seriously because of the associated consequences. This paper will provide an overview of four central aspects of bullying, namely, the myths, characteristics, callses, and consequences.