bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simplified method for theoretical sum frequency generation spectroscopy calculation and interpretation: The “pop model”
Authors: Chen Wanlin , Louaas Dorian , Brigiano Flavio Siro , Pezzotti Simone , Gaigeot Marie-Pierre 
Published: October 2024

Existing methods to compute theoretical spectra are restricted to the use of time-correlation functions evaluated from accurate atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, often at the ab initio level. The molecular interpretation of the computed spectra requires additional steps to deconvolve the spectroscopic contributions from local water and surface structural populations at the interface. The lack of a standard procedure to do this often hampers rationalization. To overcome these challenges, we rewrite the equations for spectra calculation into a sum of partial contributions from interfacial populations, weighted by their abundance at the interface. We show that SFG signatures from each population can be parameterized into a minimum dataset of reference partial spectra. Accurate spectra can then be predicted by just evaluating the statistics of interfacial populations, which can be done even with force field simulations as well as with analytic models. This approach broadens the range of simulation techniques from which theoretical spectra can be calculated, opening toward non-atomistic and Monte Carlo simulation approaches. Most notably, it allows constructing accurate theoretical spectra for interfacial conditions that cannot even be simulated, as we demonstrate for the pH-dependent SFG spectra of silica/water interfaces.
Synthesis and characterization of non-porous amorphous polymers for enhanced iodine adsorption
Authors: Wang Mengqi , Tang Henglong , Long Zhu , Sun Chang 
Published: October 2024

With the increasing demand for sustainable energy sources, the management of radioactive iodine, a byproduct of nuclear energy, has become critical for environmental safety and human health. This study presents the design and synthesis of non-porous amorphous polymers, specifically PEI-PD, derived from polyethylenimine (PEI) and pyromellitic dianhydride (PD), for the adsorption of iodine from aqueous and gaseous environments. The adsorbent exhibits high efficiency in capturing iodine, with a remarkable adsorption capacity of 4.43 g g–1 for volatile iodine and 1.43 g g–1 for liquid iodine. The adsorption process is governed by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and follows the Langmuir isotherm, indicating a chemisorption mechanism driven by electrostatic attraction. The mechanism of iodine adsorption by the adsorbent was investigated using infrared spectroscopy and independent gradient modeling (IGMH), which helped to clarify types of weak interaction between the adsorbent and iodine and the adsorption sites. The study highlights the potential of PEI-PD as an effective material for the removal of radioactive iodine, contributing to the safe and sustainable management of nuclear waste.
French, Polish and Czech converbs
Authors: Nádvorníková Olga 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The study investigates the translation correspondence of Czech, Polish, and French converbs
(transgressive, imiesłów przysłówkowy, and gérondif), using extensive data extracted from
parallel corpora of fiction. Although the three converbs share significant syntactic and semantic properties (in terms of the
range and proportion of different meanings conveyed), they differ in frequency and in stylistic characteristics (archaistic in
Czech). The study shows that these differences are reflected in the proportion of the convergent translation counterparts,
independently of the source language (more than 65% of convergent counterparts in translations into Polish, about 30% in
translations into French, and only about 6% in Czech). The analysis of target languages showing high proportion of divergent
counterparts (French and Czech) reveals that the distribution of their types is shaped by the meaning of the source converb:
distinction between accompanying circumstance vs. more informative meanings in Czech, and participant- vs. event-oriented content
in French. This research advances our understanding of the expression of adverbial subordination across languages and demonstrates
the research potential of parallel corpora, used as semantic and functional mirrors revealing distinctions within seemingly
uniform categories in source languages.
Ironic criticisms and responses on Chinese social media
Authors: Tian Xinyue , Ren Wei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Ironic criticisms in online interactions are very common, but have rarely been examined. Following the concept of
(non)propositional irony, this study investigates how online ironic criticisms are produced and responded to. The findings were
derived from a mixed-methods analysis of 200 comments and 1,140 responses collected from Weibo. The analysis offers a
computer-mediated taxonomy and identifies four subtypes of ironic criticisms, with different realisation forms in each subtype.
Responses to negative evaluations are more common in online ironic interactions. Possible motivations for the prevalence of online ironic criticisms are also discussed. The findings shed light on the creativity of ironic criticisms on social media, and suggest the need for an updated
definition of ironic criticisms to account for their use in online interactions.
Variation-Based Distance and Similarity Modeling
Authors: Zhang Xu , Szmrecsanyi Benedikt 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present a corpus-based method — Variation-Based Distance and Similarity Modeling (VADIS) — that calculates
distances between registers as a function of the extent to which the probabilistic conditioning of variation differs across
registers. When language users have a choice between different ways of saying similar things (e.g., cut off the
tops versus cut the tops off), what is the extent to which these choices are regulated differently
in different registers? In this spirit, we re-analyze pre-existing datasets that cover the genitive, dative, and particle
placement alternations in the grammar of English. These datasets cover five broad register categories: spoken informal English,
spoken formal English, written informal English, written formal English, and online/web-based English. Analysis shows that (a) the
registers under analysis are relatively but not entirely homogeneous in terms of the probabilistic grammars conditioning
grammatical choices, and (b) more often than not we see a split between spoken and written registers.
A density functional theory study of nitrogen vacancy center in lonsdaleite
Authors: Abdelghafar Khaled A , Choi Daniel S , Askar Khalid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Lonsdaleite is a carbon allotrope and metastable form of diamond that demonstrates superior mechanical properties over cubic diamond. Here, we report the results of density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) studies of neutral and negative nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in lonsdaleite. Interestingly, the neutral (NV0) and negative (NV−1) nitrogen vacancy centers in lonsdaleite display a remarkable splitting between the two degenerate ex
and ey
excited states nearly around ∼0.5 eV for NV0 and 0.2 eV for NV−1, respectively. The thermal stability, dynamic stability, band structure, density of states, and optical properties are computed. DFT and MD calculations reveal that the geometrical structure of the NV center in lonsdaleite is both thermally and dynamically stable. In addition, the findings show that NV0 and NV−1 centers in lonsdaleite demonstrate splitting in the zero-phonon line (ZPL) due to symmetry reduction from C3v to C1h with respect to the NV center in cubic diamond. Furthermore, the results indicate that ZPL falls around ∼1.76 and 2.25 eV for NV0, whereas it lies around 1.91 and 2.19 eV for NV−1.
Fano resonances in gated phosphorene junctions
Authors: Lamas-Martínez K J , Briones-Torres J A , Molina-Valdovinos S , Rodríguez-Vargas I 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fano resonances appear in plenty of physical phenomena due to the interference phenomena of a continuum spectrum and discrete states. In gated bilayer graphene junctions, the chiral matching at oblique incidence between the spectrum of electron states outside the electrostatic barrier and hole bound states inside it gives rise to an asymmetric line shape in the transmission as a function of the energy or Fano resonance. Here, we show that Fano resonances are also possible in gated phosphorene junctions along the zigzag direction. The special pseudospin texture of the charge carriers in the zigzag direction allows at oblique incidence the interference phenomena of the spectrum of electron states outside the electrostatic barrier with hole bound states inside it, giving rise to an asymmetric Fano line shape in the transmission. Due to the energy scale of the electrostatic barriers in phosphorene ultra thin barriers are required to observe the Fano resonance phenomenon. The preservation of the pseudospin texture with the closing of the phosphorene band gap opens the possibility to observe Fano resonances in smaller and wider electrostatic barriers. The asymmetric Fano line shape is susceptible to the transverse wave vector, the strength and width of the electrostatic barrier. Additionally, the conductance shows a characteristic mark in the position where the Fano resonances take place. The similarities and differences with respect to Fano resonances in bilayer graphene are also addressed.
YOLOv8-CDD: an improved concrete defect detection method combined CNN with transformer
Authors: Wang Chengyin , Chen Bo , Li Yonglong , Wang Haoran , Tan Liguo , Zhang Yunan , Zhang Hua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Concrete defect detection is a critical task to ensure the safe and stable operation of concrete infrastructure. In order to effectively solve the problems of low efficiency, high cost and poor performance of existing methods, a high-precision concrete defect detection method YOLOv8-CDD (Concrete Defect Detection) combining convolutional neural network and transformer is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on the features with a large span of concrete defect features, a bot-transformer module that can effectively extract the global information of defect features is proposed to improve the network’s ability to extract global features. Secondly, in order to further strengthen the interaction between defect feature channels and spatial information, a convolutional triplet attention module is introduced into the feature enhancement network to effectively integrate the information of different dimensions of defect features and improve the model detection accuracy. Additionally, in order to enhance the learning of samples with different degrees of difficulty, the introduction of Focaler-CIoU instead of the original boundary regression loss function can optimize the model training process. Finally, the dataset was collected and organized in concrete scenarios from bridge towers, dams, and tunnel corridors, and our method achieved 0.898 average precision, 0.893 average recall, 0.031 average FPR, 0.895 average F1 score, 0.929 mAP50, and 0.731 mAP50:95 on the dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves the best performance in concrete defect detection.
CNTs@fabric/Ni@PU piezoresistive sensor with enhanced interfacial contact resistance variation for motion detection and deep-learning-assisted recognition
Authors: Ma Shuqi , Zhang Shuai , Wang Jiacheng , Chai Hancheng , Luo Xin , Liu Jinchen , Zhu Jie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Flexible piezoresistive sensors based on the mechanism of interfacial contact resistance change are receiving increasing attention in the fields of human-computer interaction, health monitoring, and behavior tracking. However, the high cost and complex manufacturing process limit the wide application and development of these flexible piezoresistive sensors. Here, a novel carbon nanotubes@fabric (CNTs@fabric)/Ni@polyurethane (Ni@PU) piezoresistive sensor (CNPS) with low-cost, simple-preparation and high-sensitivity was proposed. The effective contact area is obtained by synergizing the woven micro-convex structure of the fabric, the large specific surface area of the CNTs and the porous three dimensional electrodes. Within the small pressure (0–9.52 kPa) effect, the area of connection with the electrodes to the active layer plays a dominant role, resulting in a sensitivity of up to 6.39 kPa−1 for CNPS. In the high pressure region (9.52–44.92 kPa), where internal mechanism of change in the sensitive material dominants, the CNPS has a response time of 85 ms at a constant pressure of 28.31 kPa. Considering the excellent output electrical performances, a variety of body movements could be detected by fixing the CNPS to different joints. Significantly, the designed intelligent object recognition system implemented by the combination of matrix stress detection module and residual neural network (ResNet) algorithm has a recognition accuracy of 99.26%. Enhancing the interfacial contact resistance change mechanism using a simple fabrication process offers a promising strategy for the rapid development of flexible piezoresistive sensors.
A piezoelectric driven amphibious microrobot capable of fast and controllable movement
Authors: Wu Guangping , Zhao Jiaxin , Xiao Yiming , Wang Ziyang , Zhang Yichen , Cui Feng , Cai Xinghan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Due to its excellent adaptability to the environment and flexibility in narrow spaces, amphibious microrobots have become an important research direction recently. This study proposes an amphibious microrobot driven by piezoelectric actuators with a body length of 4.5 cm and a mass of 1.4 g. The microrobot consists of two active front legs, two passive rear legs, two caudal fins, and a support frame. Each front leg and each caudal fin are designed as structures integrated with their respective piezoelectric actuators. The microrobot has a tilted body, and the ground exerts an oblique upward impact force that makes it jump forward when its front legs swing backwards. The opposite swing of the two caudal fins generates propulsion for swimming. The components of the microrobot are manufactured based on the monolithic laminate process. The monolithic front actuator-leg and monolithic actuator-fin both emerge from a multi-layer material laminate. The support frame is designed and fabricated as a monolithic structure to improve assembly accuracy and reduce redundant assembly steps. The manufactured microrobot demonstrates its flexible and fast amphibious movements. Its maximum land walking speed reaches 15.3 cm s−1 and its turning speed reaches 48.2 degrees per second. The microrobot has a maximum payload capacity of 5 g moving on land. When the front legs and caudal fins work simultaneously, its underwater swimming speed reaches 9.1 cm s−1, and the maximum turning speed is 20.5 degrees per second. The microrobot also confirms a maximum payload of 3 g during its underwater movement.
A 3-DOF multi-depth-of-field carrier automatic focusing stage
Authors: Zhong BoWen , Nie YiFan , Liao Zhan , Sun LiNing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Automatic focusing Stage is an important part of automatic focusing system, a 3-DOF (z-axis displacement and XY axis tilt) Multi-Depth-Of-Field Carrier Automatic Focusing Stage (CAFS) is designed, manufactured and tested in this paper. The stage is driven by four piezoelectric (PZT) actuators. Based on four bridge amplifying mechanisms, large displacement travel and tilt Angle are obtained. Compared with other focusing stages, the developed stage adopts the focusing mode of directly adjusting the spatial position of the sample to realize focusing, which not only avoids the inherent defects of objective focusing mode, but also has the advantages of compact structure, low shape and overall manufacturing. In this paper, the structural parameters and the overall design of the stage are determined, and then the characteristics of the focusing stage are finite element analyzed. Finally, the performance of the focusing stage is studied experimentally. The maximum Z-axis output displacement of the focusing stage is 213.5 μm, and the maximum X-direction and Y-direction tilt angles are 1.5 and 1.7 mrad, respectively. For the application of CAFS, the practicability of CAFS is verified by Z-axis image superposition acquisition method in automatic focusing system.
Infinite cycles of interacting bosons
Authors: Sütő András 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the first-quantized description of bosonic systems permutation cycles formed by the particles play a fundamental role. In the ideal Bose gas Bose-Enstein condensation (BEC) is signaled by the appearance of infinite cycles. When the particles interact, the two phenomena may not be simultaneous, the existence of infinite cycles is necessary but not sufficient for BEC. We demonstrate that their appearance is always accompanied by a singularity in the thermodynamic quantities which in three and four dimensions can be as strong as a one-sided divergence of the isothermal compressibility. Arguments are presented that long-range interactions can give rise to unexpected results, such as the absence of infinite cycles in three dimensions for long-range repulsion or their presence in one and two dimensions if the pair potential has a long attractive tail.
An optimal control for non-autonomous second-order stochastic differential equations with delayed arguments
Authors: Hammad Hasanen A , Kattan Doha A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Optimal control of non-autonomous second-order stochastic differential equations with delayed arguments is indispensable for managing systems exposed to uncertainty, time-dependent dynamics, and historical influences. These equations underpin a wide range of applications, including finance, engineering, and biology, where it’s imperative to make informed decisions that mitigate risks or maximize returns while considering the inherent randomness, evolving conditions, and the impact of past states. By employing optimal control techniques, we can devise strategies that are resilient to uncertainty, adaptable to changing circumstances, and capable of accounting for the memory effects of previous events. This empowers us to optimize system performance, bolster stability, and attain desired objectives in intricate and dynamic environments. So, the goal of this article is to introduce a novel model of second-order perturbed stochastic differential equations incorporating non-local finite delay and deviated arguments in the setting of Hilbert spaces. Moreover, essential criteria are presented to examine the existence of a mild solution and evaluate the potential for approximate and optimal control of the proposed system. These results have been obtained by using evolution operators, fixed point techniques, random analytic methods, and compact semigroup theory. Further, to support the theoretical results, the optimal controllability of our model was studied by considering the Lagrange problem. Finally, the results were applied to discuss the approximate controllability of a partial differential equation. These models have the potential to advance the understanding and application of optimal control techniques for a wider range of complex systems.
A novel unsupervised machine learning algorithm for automatic Alfvénic activity detection in the TJ-II stellarator
Authors: Zapata-Cornejo E.d.D. , Zarzoso D. , Pinches S.D. , Bustos A. , Cappa A. , Ascasibar E. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A novel sparse encoding algorithm is developed to detect and study plasma instabilities automatically. This algorithm, called Elastic Random Mode Decomposition, is applied to the Mirnov coil signals of a dataset of 1291 discharges of the TJ-II stellarator, enabling the identification of the Alfvénic activity. In the presented approach, each signal is encoded as a collection of basic waveforms called atoms, drawn from a signal dictionary. Then the modes are identified using clustering and correlations with other plasma signals. The performance of the proposed algorithm is dramatically increased by using elastic net regularization and taking advantage of GPU architectures. Therefore the signal size and the number of dictionary elements are no longer limiting factors for encoding complex signals. Once the modes are retrieved from the shots, standard clustering and dimensionality reduction techniques are applied to obtain a 2D map featuring of the physical mode characteristics of this subset of TJ-II shots. The clustering features consider the relationship with the plasma current

I

p

, the diamagnetic energy W, and inverse square root of electron density

1

/

n

, profiling different subtypes of Alfvénic activity. The proposed algorithm can potentially create large databases of labeled modes with unprecedented detail.
On quasi-locality and decay of correlations for long-range models of open quantum spin systems
Authors: Roon Eric B , Sims Robert 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider models of open quantum spin systems with irreversible dynamics and show that general quasi-locality results for long-range models, e.g. as proven for the Heisenberg dynamics associated to quantum systems in Matsuta et al (2017 Ann. Henri Poincare
18 519–28), naturally extend to this setting. Given these bounds, we provide two applications. First, we use these results to obtain estimates on a strictly local approximation of these finite-volume, irreversible dynamics. Next, we show how these bounds can be used to estimate correlation decay in various states.
Moment evolution equations for rational random dynamical systems: an increment decomposition method
Authors: Ding Yamin , Kang Yanmei , Shen Jianwei , Chen Guanrong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Statistical moments are commonly used tools for exploring the ensemble behavior in gene regulation and population dynamics, where the rational vector fields are particularly ubiquitous, but how to efficiently derive the corresponding moment evolution equations was not much involved. Traditional derivation methods rely on fractional reduction and Itô formula, but it may become extremely complicated if the vector field is described by multivariate fractional polynomials. To resolve this issue, we present a novel incremental decomposition method, by which the rational vector field is divided into two parts: (proper) fractional polynomials and non-fractional polynomials. For the non-fractional polynomial part, we deduce the variation rate of a statistical moment by the Itô formula, but for the fractional polynomial part we acquire the corresponding variation rate by a relation analogous to that between the moment generating function and the distinct statistical moments. As application of the novel technique, the resultant infinite-dimensional moment systems associated with two typical examples are truncated with the schemes of derivative matching closure and the Gaussian moment closure. By comparing the lower-order statistical moments obtained from the closed moment systems with the counterparts obtained from direct simulation, the correctness of the proposed technique is verified. The present study is significant in facilitating the development of moment dynamics towards more complex systems.