bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decomposing the neural pathways mediating value-based choice
Authors: Koscik Timothy R. , Man Vincent , Jahn Andrew , Lee Christina H. , Cunningham William A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the neural implementation of value-based choice has been an important focus of neuroscience for several decades. Although a consensus has emerged regarding the brain regions involved, disagreement persists regarding precise regional functions and how value information flows between value-based choice regions.In the current study, we isolate neural activity related to decision-making using a gambling task where expected gains and losses are dissociated from the received outcomes of choices. We apply multilevel modelling and mediation analysis to formally test whether brain regions identified as part of the value-based choice network mediate between perceptions of expected value and choices to take or pass a gamble.A critical function in decision-making is accruing and representing value information to drive choice. Several regions have been assigned this role, including ventromedial prefrontal (vmPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC), and the ventral striatum (VStr). The implied chain of events is one where regions that support the process of gathering relevant information mediate the relationship between choice and representations of value in other brain regions. Here, we formally test whether distinct brain regions express interregional mediation consistent with this chain of processes.We observe that activity in vmPFC does not predict choice, but rather is highly associated with outcome evaluation. By contrast, both PPC and VStr (bilaterally) mediate between expected value and choice. Interregional mediation analyses reveal that VStr fully mediates between PPC and choice. Together these results suggest that VStr, and not vmPFC nor PPC, functions as an important driver of late stage choice.Significance StatementMaking choices that maximize gain and minimize loss is critical for success. Our paradigm and analytic approach allowed isolation of choice-related neural signals from outcome-related signals. The vmPFC is involved at outcome rather than at choice. Isolating choice-related neural activity, we formally demonstrate that VStr and PPC mediate between expected value and choice. Our approach adds significant innovation by using generalized multilevel modelling to predict behavior with concurrent neural activity and formally testing the fully mediated pathway from stimulus through neural activity to behavior. Applying interregional multilevel mediation analysis, we demonstrate that ventral striatum comprises a final, critical step in processing value-based choice, mediating the relationship between value representation and choice.
Differences in the genetic control of early egg development and reproduction betweenC. elegansand its parthenogenetic relativeD. coronatus
Authors: Kraus Christopher , Schiffer Philipp H. , Kagoshima Hiroshi , Hiraki Hideaki , Vogt Theresa , Kroiher Michael , Kohara Yuji , Schierenberg Einhard 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe free-living nematodeDiploscapter coronatusis the closest known relative ofC. eleganswith parthenogenetic reproduction. It shows several developmental idiosyncracies, for example concerning the control of meiosis and embryonic axis formation [1]. Our recent genome analysis [2] provided some support for the view thatD. coronatusis a product of interspecies hybridization. Here we present additional data towards this assumption. Based on genomic and transcriptomic data we try to better understand the molecular basis of developmental idiosyncrasies in this species in an evolutionary context by comparison with selected other nematodes.ResultsIn a genomic comparison betweenD. coronatus,C. elegans, other representatives of the genusCaenorhabditisand the more distantly relatedPristionchus pacificusandPanagrellus redivivus, certain genes required for normal embryogenesis inC. eleganswere found to be restricted to the genusCaenorhabditis.The mRNA content of earlyD. coronatusembryos was sequenced and compared with similar stages inC. elegansandAscaris suum.We identified 350 gene families transcribed in the early embryo ofD. coronatusbut not in the other two nematodes. Looking at individual genes transcribed early inD. coronatusbut not inC. elegansandA. suumwe found that orthologs of most of these are present in the genomes of the latter species as well, suggesting heterochronic shifts with respect to expression behavior. Considerable divergence between alleles lends further support to the view thatD. coronatusmay be the result of an interspecies hybridization. Expression analysis of early acting single copy genes yield no indication for silencing of one parental genome.ConclusionsOur comparative cellular and molecular studies support the view that the genusCaenorhabditisdiffers considerably from the other studied nematodes in its control of development and reproduction. The easy-to-culture parthenogeneticD. coronatus, with its high quality draft genome and only a single chromosome when haploid, offers many new starting points on the cellular, molecular, and genomic level to better understand alternative routes of nematode development and reproduction.
Adiposity QTLAdip20decomposes into at least four loci when dissected using congenic strains
Authors: Lin Cailu , Fesi Brad D. , Marquis Michael , Bosak Natalia P. , Lysenko Anna , Koshnevisan Mohammed Amin , Duke Fujiko F. , Theodorides Maria L. , Nelson Theodore M. , McDaniel Amanda H. , Avigdor Mauricio , Arayata Charles J. , Shaw Lauren , Bachmanov Alexander A. , Reed Danielle R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAn average mouse in midlife weighs between 25 and 30 g, with about a gram of tissue in the largest adipose depot (gonadal), and the weight of this depot differs between inbred strains. Specifically, C57BL/6ByJ mice have heavier gonadal depots on average than do 129P3/J mice. To understand the genetic contributions to this trait, we mapped several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for gonadal depot weight in an F2intercross population. Our goal here was to fine-map one of these QTLs,Adip20(formerlyAdip5), on mouse chromosome 9. To that end, we analyzed the weight of the gonadal adipose depot from newly created congenic strains. Results from the sequential comparison method indicated at least four rather than one QTL; two of the QTLs were less than 0.5 Mb apart, with opposing directions of allelic effect. Different types of evidence (missense and regulatory genetic variation, human adiposity/body mass index orthologues, and differential gene expression) implicated numerous candidate genes from the four QTL regions. These results highlight the value of mouse congenic strains and the value of this sequential method to dissect challenging genetic architecture.
Patterns of Vietnamese buying behaviors on luxury branded products
Authors: Tuu Ho Huy , Olsen Svein Ottar , Cong Le Chi 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss and test the combined effects of openness to experience (OE) and power, and the moderator effects of social norms (SN) and perceived resources on the choice of luxury attributes for branded products in Vietnam.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a self-administered survey data of 207 Vietnamese consumers, a structural equation modeling approach for moderator analysis with latent constructs is used to test the hypotheses.

Findings
OE and power have both direct and interactive positive influences on the choice of luxury product attributes. In particular, the effect of OE is weakened by the negative moderator effect of SN, but the effect of power is strengthened by the positive moderator effect of perceived resources. The inclusion of interactions increases the explained variance of the choice of luxury product attributes from 24.8 to 35.8 percent.

Research limitations/implications
Future studies would benefit to investigate other personality traits (e.g. extroversion or agreeableness), personal values (e.g. achievement), SN (e.g. descriptive norms) and resources (e.g. time).

Practical implications
The study findings suggest that brand managers should attend the how individual and social factors interacts in explaining the choice of luxury product attributes.

Originality/value
This study is the first discussing, testing and finding empirical evidence supporting the combined effects of OE and power on the choice of luxury product attributes as well as moderator effects in these relationships.
Factors affecting consumers’ intention to purchase counterfeit product
Authors: Quoquab Farzana , Pahlevan Sara , Mohammad Jihad , Thurasamy Ramayah 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
Most of the past studies have considered social and personal factors in relation to counterfeit product purchase intention. However, there is a dearth of research that linked ethical aspects with such kind of product purchase intention. Considering this gap, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the direct as well as indirect effect of ethical aspects on the attitude of consumers’ counterfeit product purchase in the Malaysian market.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 737 questionnaires were distributed in China Town, Low Yat Plaza, as well as a few “pasar malam” (night markets), which yielded 400 completed usable responses. Partial Least Square Smart PLS software and SPSS were utilised in order to analyse the data.

Findings
The results revealed that the ethical aspect in term of religiosity, ethical concern, and perception of lawfulness directly and indirectly affect consumers’ behavioural intention to purchase counterfeit products.

Practical implications
It is expected that the study findings will enhance the understanding of marketers as well as policymakers about consumers’ purchase intention of such fake products. Eventually, it will help them to come up with better marketing strategies to purchase counterfeit products and to encourage them to purchase the original product.

Originality/value
This is relatively a pioneer study that examines the effect of ethical aspects of consumers in term of their religiosity, ethical concern, and perception of lawfulness on their attitude towards buying counterfeit products. Additionally, this study examines the mediating role of consumer attitude to purchase counterfeit product between ethical aspects and behavioural intention, which is comparatively new to the existing body of knowledge. Last, but not the least, this research has examined these relationships in a new research context i.e., Malaysian market, which can advance the knowledge about consumer behaviour in the East Asian context.
A cross-national study of apparel consumer preferences and the role of product-evaluative cues
Authors: Rahman Osmud , Fung Benjamin C.M. , Chen Zhimin , Gao Xiang 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate and identify the salient effects of apparel evaluativ1e cues in order to enrich our understanding of consumer preferences and behaviour in two different socio-cultural contexts – Canada from the west and China of the east.

Design/methodology/approach
Online and paper questionnaires were used to collect data from Canada and China. Based on the prior research, 14 hypotheses were developed, and SPSS statistical analyses were used for this study.

Findings
According to the findings, Canadian and Chinese participants used price as an indicator of product quality and/or monetary sacrifice. Overall, the consumers from both countries were more concerned about the garment fit and style than brand name and country of origin. It is imperative for fashion practitioners to prioritise their resources and focus more on product research/design and prototype development. Fit, comfort and fabric were strongly correlated except in the “fit and comfort” of the Canadian sample. In addition, durability, ease of care and wardrobe coordination play a relatively less significant clothing evaluative role than many other product cues.

Originality/value
There are relatively few research studies have focussed on apparel consumer behaviour, and the salient impact of product-evaluative cues – particularly from a cross-national perspective. This study covers a wide array of important evaluative cues, and provides meaningful insights to both fashion academicians and practitioners. This is one of the few studies provide an in-depth and comprehensive report on the role and effects of apparel product cues.
Marketing private hotel management schools in Australia
Authors: Goh Edmund , Nguyen Sandy , Law Rob 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the perceptions of 46 hotel management students from four leading private hotel management schools (PHMS) in Australia on their decision in choosing a PHMS over a traditional public university.Design/methodology/approachEmploying the theory of planned behaviour as a theoretical framework, the qualitative interview data identified ten key attitudes, four reference groups and four perceived difficulties as potential motivators of students deciding to enrol in PHMS.FindingsThis paper identified reputation of school and industry placement opportunities as key attitudinal items shaping students’ decision-making process. With regards to important social groups, education agents and family were key reference groups. In relation to perceived difficulties, students reported tuition and living costs, and far distance from home as key barriers in their decision to study at PHMS.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample draws upon students from a single state, New South Wales, Australia and this limits the generalisability of the authors’ findings. This study also excluded students from Australian public universities who may hold different perceptions towards studying at a PHMS.Practical implicationsThe findings have important implications for hotel schools to improve their curriculum designs and embed practical hands on the learning experience of their students. Marketing agencies can also use these motivational attributes in developing effective marketing campaigns to increase enrolment figures.Originality/valueThis framework has proven to be useful in helping marketers understand various underlying motivational factors to attract prospective students to enrol in private hotel management schools.
Toward opening a new route for coal trading: a case study on a Bangladeshi SME
Authors: Mohiuddin Md. Fazla , Mahmud Anindo , Islam Hamim , Rahman Anchal Tajandia 
Published: August 2017

Study level/applicability
Undergraduate/Masters/MBA.

Case overview
Anamika Enterprise Limited (AEL) is an export-import company founded in 1988. Today, AEL primarily imports coal from India which it then sells to customers in Bangladesh. However, a recent ban on coal mining in the Indian state of Meghalaya has created a huge problem for AEL. It is now considering opening trade routes to China and Indonesia. For that, it will need to consider both the short- and long-term factors related to its decision. It will need to take into consideration the cultural, economic and social factors in all three countries and trade accordingly. Tariff barriers and transportation costs will be a problem for AEL in the short run but in the long run, that may be overcome because of the experience effect arising from international business. Information and communication technology is also expected to have a huge impact.

Expected learning outcomes
Students are expected to learn the challenges of running international business in the real world and ways to overcome these challenges.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 5: International Business.
Employees first, customers second and shareholders third? Towards a modern HR philosophy
Authors: Rao M.S. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this research paper is to place an emphasis on the philosophy of “employees first, customers second, and shareholders third”.

Design/methodology/approach
It outlines the advantages of this philosophy and illustrates with examples of global companies including Google, Virgin, Alibaba, Facebook, LinkedIn, FedEx Corporation, Southwest Airlines, Whole Foods, and Costco.

Findings
It concludes to treat your employees as assets and convert them into your brand ambassadors to accomplish organizational goals and objectives.

Practical implications
These strategies can be applied in any industry and in any size of organization.

Social implications
The social implications of this research suggests that leaders can achieve organizational excellence and effectiveness by adopting these strategies.

Originality/value
It substantiates that employees are the true value creators for any organization. It explores soft leadership and elaborates the changing mindsets of the employees globally. It enlightens to treat people as people and partners, not as workers.
25 healthcare mobile apps for consumers
Authors: Vincze Joseph 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a curated sample of consumer healthcare mobile apps that can be recommended to library patrons for obtaining health-related information and/or monitor and track their health.

Design/methodology/approach
Various health and medical apps listed on major app stores have been explored to address diverse consumer health and medical needs.

Findings
Healthcare mobile apps are increasingly being used by patients and consumers.

Originality/value
This paper examines some mobile apps that consumers are using as healthcare tools or for finding health information.
Perception of risk of adverse outcomes of older people: comparison between nursing homes, day centers and home care services
Authors: Teixeira Laetitia , Azevedo Maria João , Alves Sara , Pires Cátia L. , Paúl Constança 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
In Portugal, the three main kinds of care services available for older people are nursing homes, day centers and home care services. The use of these care services is mostly based on complex socioeconomic and functional criteria; however it is not clear if this placement corresponds to a higher/lower risk of adverse outcomes. The purposes of this paper are: to characterize clients of each type of service; to estimate the proportion of individuals at perceived risk of each adverse outcome according to type of service; to assess the ability of the Risk Instrument for Screening in the Community (RISC) to identify the risk profiles according to type of service.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample comprised individuals aged 65+ (n=224), receiving care at home, in day centers or in nursing homes. The identification of individuals at risk for three adverse outcomes (institutionalization, hospitalization and death) was performed using a short pre-screen instrument (RISC).

Findings
The RISC identified mental state issues as the unique factor that differentiated clients according the type of care services (χ2 (6, N=224)=20.96, p=0.002), with day center presenting the lowest percentage of mental health concerns and nursing home presenting the highest percentage (44.44 and 71.91 percent, respectively). Additionally, a gradient was found between perceived risk of adverse outcomes (institutionalization and hospitalization) and care of levels required.

Originality/value
The RISC can be used to discriminate people in different settings of care and can be helpful in the selection of groups at risk that will benefit more from available services.
Youth academy player development in English football
Authors: Bullough Steve , Jordan James 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
From the 2006-2007 season, Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) introduced regulation into European football by imposing “home-grown” quotas on clubs. The purpose of this paper is to remedy partial market failure by influencing issues in the game, namely reducing opportunities for “local” players and stockpiling players. Rule changes have amplified the importance of developing “home-grown” players; however, the UEFA rule is not limited by nationality, which is an inhibiting factor.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample used was the ten seasons from the introduction of the legislation (2006-2007 to 2015-2016). The results quantify English player production in these ten seasons, focusing on outputs (number of players, top-flight playing statistics, academy attended, club played for, age and international experience). Clubs are also categorised and analysed by the number of seasons played.

Findings
A total of 369 English players have debuted since 2006-2007, although only 141 developed through the eight “category 1” (ever-present) clubs. A high proportion of players are developing at elite clubs but having limited playing time and subsequently transferring to lower ranked clubs. The clubs promoted to the English Premier League (EPL) each season have introduced more English players into the EPL (167) than “category 1” clubs (112), and these clubs account for a minority of minutes played by new entrants (13 per cent). Furthermore, clubs outside the EPL are producing a significant number of English players, including those progressing to the national team.

Originality/value
Competing organisational purposes between the EPL, the FA and professional clubs have combined to create a complex environment and options for the future are discussed.
The peculiar economics of sports team ownership
Authors: Mason Daniel , Sant Stacy-Lynn , Soebbing Brian 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how North American professional team owners are engaging in broader urban development projects that have their teams as anchor tenants in new sports facilities, by examining the case of Rogers Arena in Edmonton, Canada.Design/methodology/approachApproached from a constructionist perspective, the study employed an instrumental case study strategy as it facilitates understanding and description of a particular phenomenon and allows researchers to use the case as a comparative point across other settings (with similar conditions) in which the phenomenon might be present.FindingsUsing urban regime theory as a framework, the authors found that in Edmonton, the team owner was able to align his interests with other political and business interests by engaging in a development strategy that increased the vibrancy of Edmonton’s downtown core. As a result, the owner was able to garner support for both the arena and the surrounding development.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors argue that this new model of team owner as developer has several implications: on-field performance may only be important insofar as it drives demand for the development; the owner’s focus is on driving revenues and profits from interests outside of the sports facility itself; and the team (and the threat of relocation) is leveraged to gain master developer status for the ownership group.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the understanding of owner interests and how franchise profitability and solvency can be tied to other related business interests controlled by team owners.