bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Synthesis of Uracil Analogues Promoted by Pd‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of α‐Chloroketones in the Presence of Isocyanates and Amines.
Authors: Perrone Serena , Capua Martina , Salomone Antonio , Troisi Luigino 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA short, one‐pot synthesis of uracil derivatives with high structural variability is established.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Green Protocol for the Preparation of Acetoacetamides and Application of the Methodology to a One‐Pot Synthesis of Biginelli Dihydropyrimidines. Expansion of Dihydropyrimidine Topological Chemical Space.
Authors: Gama Fernando H. S. , de Souza Rodrigo O. M. A. , Garden Simon J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe title acetoacetamides are obtained from various amine derivatives and dioxin‐4‐one by conventional and microwave‐assisted heating.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Synthesis of N‐Unprotected Piperazines, Morpholines, and Thiomorpholines from Aldehydes and SnAP Reagents.
Authors: Luescher Michael U. , Bode Jeffrey W. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractRing closure of various aliphatic and (hetero)aromatic aldehydes with stannyl amine substrates under slightly differentiated conditions renders possible the access to a broad spectrum of the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Ag(I)‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction of 2‐Alkynylbenzaldehydes, Amines, and Diazo Compounds.
Authors: Xiao Tiebo , Peng Pai , Xie Yang , Wang Zhao‐yang , Zhou Lei 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA one‐pot three‐component cyclization of diazo compounds as nucleophiles with primary aromatic amines and alkynylbenzaldehydes gives 3‐benzazepines via a cascade imine—yne cyclization/nucleophilic addition/1,2‐aryl migrations.
ChemInform Abstract: FeCl2‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Aryl Alkenes with Bis(pinacolato)diboron.
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhou Yuhan , Wang Huan , Qu Jingping 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA novel protocol is presented for a ligand‐free ferrous chloride‐catalyzed hydroboration of non‐activated aryl alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluoroalkoxy Substituted Arylboronic Esters by Iridium‐Catalyzed Aromatic C—H Borylation.
Authors: Batool Farhat , Parveen Shehla , Emwas Abdul‐Hamid , Sioud Salim , Gao Xin , Munawar Munawar A. , Chotana Ghayoor A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe regioselectivities available through this convenient and efficient borylation reaction are complementary to those obtained by the electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions of fluoroalkoxyarenes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Robust and Simple Protocol for the Synthesis of Arylfluorophosphonates.
Authors: Leypold Mario , Wallace Paal W. , Kljajic Marko , Schittmayer Matthias , Pletz Jakob , Illaszewicz‐Trattner Carina , Guebitz Georg M. , Birner‐Gruenberger Ruth , Breinbauer Rolf 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA sequence is developed for the conversion of arylphosphonic acids into arylfluorophosphonates through selective monoesterification and subsequent fluorination.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Dimeric Naphtho‐γ‐pyrone from an Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus niger AKRN Associated with the Roots of Entandrophragma congoense Collected in Cameroon
Authors: Happi Gervais M. , Kouam Simeon Fogue , Talontsi Ferdinand M. , Nkenfou Celine N. , Longo Frida , Zuehlke Sebastian , Douanla‐Meli Clovis , Spiteller Michael 
Published: January 2016

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation of 2‐hydroxydihydronigerone (I)
ChemInform Abstract: First Total Synthesis of Antimalarial (+)‐Cryptorigidifoliol A.
Authors: Raju Atla , Yugendar Reddy A. , Sabitha Gowravaram 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe first total synthesis of antimalarial (+)‐cryptorigidifoliol A is accomplished by two different approaches in 6 and 5 steps with overall yields of 45% and 33%.
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation and Structure of Vanitaracin A, a Novel Antihepatitis B Virus Compound from Talaromyces sp.
Authors: Matsunaga Hiroki , Kamisuki Shinji , Kaneko Manabu , Yamaguchi Yasuhiro , Takeuchi Toshifumi , Watashi Koichi , Sugawara Fumio 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTwo tricyclic polyketides, vanitaracin A (Ia) and B (Ib), and compounds (II), (III), and (IV) are isolated from a culture broth of title fungus and tested for their anti‐HBV activity.
Tribal diversity, human resources management practices, and firm performance
Authors: Zoogah David B. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between tribal diversity, human resources management practices, and firm performance in Africa. Using multiple data sources and multilevel techniques, I examine tribal diversity as a driver of human resource management‐diversity policy (HRM‐DP) and an interactive factor influencing firm performance. Tribal identity is also tested as a determinant of tribal diversity. The results show that HRM‐DP mediates the relationship between tribal diversity and firm performance. Tribal identity also relates negatively to tribal diversity, HRM‐DP, and firm performance. Lastly, tribal diversity interacts with tribal identity in relating to firm performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed to enhance tribal diversity management in Africa. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular classification of thyroid lesions by combined testing for miRNA gene expression and somatic gene alterations
Authors: Wylie Dennis , Beaudenon‐Huibregtse Sylvie , Haynes Brian C. , Giordano Thomas J. , Labourier Emmanuel 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMultiple molecular markers contribute to the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer and can provide valuable information to improve disease diagnosis and patient management. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of miRNA gene expression in diverse thyroid lesions (n = 534) and developed predictive models for the classification of thyroid nodules, alone or in combination with genotyping. Expression profiling by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction in surgical specimens (n = 257) identified specific miRNAs differentially expressed in 17 histopathological categories. Eight supervised machine learning algorithms were trained to discriminate benign from malignant lesions and evaluated for accuracy and robustness. The selected models showed invariant area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in cross‐validation (0.89), optimal AUC (0.94) in an independent set of preoperative thyroid nodule aspirates (n = 235), and classified 92% of benign lesions as low risk/negative and 92% of malignant lesions as high risk/positive. Surgical and preoperative specimens were further tested for the presence of 17 validated oncogenic gene alterations in the BRAF, RAS, RET or PAX8 genes. The miRNA‐based classifiers complemented and significantly improved the diagnostic performance of the 17‐mutation panel (p < 0.001 for McNemar's tests). In a subset of resected tissues (n = 54) and in an independent set of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology (n = 42), the optimized ThyraMIR Thyroid miRNA Classifier increased diagnostic sensitivity by 30–39% and correctly classified 100% of benign nodules negative by the 17‐mutation panel. In contrast, testing with broad targeted next‐generation sequencing panels decreased diagnostic specificity by detecting additional mutations of unknown clinical significance in 19–39% of benign lesions. Our results demonstrate that, independent of mutational status, miRNA expression profiles are strongly associated with altered molecular pathways underlying thyroid tumorigenesis. Combined testing for miRNA gene expression and well‐established somatic gene alterations is a novel diagnostic strategy that can improve the preoperative diagnosis and surgical management of patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules.
A sliding window‐based dynamic load balancing for heterogeneous Hadoop clusters
Authors: Liu Yang , Jing Weizhe , Liu Youbo , Lv Lin , Qi Man , Xiang Yang 
Published: January 2016

SummaryAt present MapReduce computing model‐based Hadoop framework has gradually become the most famous distributed computing framework because of its remarkable features such as scalability, fault tolerance, data security, and powerful IO ability. However, Hadoop framework only supports limited load balancing policies, which may result in performance deterioration in heterogeneous clusters. Additionally Hadoop does not have advanced dynamic load balancing mechanism in enabling its optimal performance in dynamic environment. This paper presents a sliding window‐based dynamic load balancing algorithm, which specially aims at balancing the load among the heterogeneous nodes during the Hadoop job processing. The presented algorithm is evaluated in both simulated and physical environments. The experimental results show that the performances in terms of efficiency of Hadoop cluster can be significantly improved. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photocatalytic Water Oxidation over Metal Oxide Nanosheets Having a Three‐Layer Perovskite Structure
Authors: Oshima Takayoshi , Eguchi Miharu , Maeda Kazuhiko 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMetal oxide nanosheets having a three‐layer perovskite structure were studied as photocatalysts for water oxidation in the presence of IO3− as a reversible electron acceptor. This work examined the effects of the lateral dimensions and composition of the nanosheets as well as metal oxide co‐catalysts deposited on the restacked nanosheets. Depositing metal oxides capable of promoting reduction reactions on the nanosheets were found to promote the water oxidation activity. In contrast, the lateral dimensions and the degree of crystallinity of the nanosheets had little effect on the activity. Experimental results demonstrated that the reduction of IO3− is the rate‐limiting step in this reaction and that nanosheets with less distorted structures are advantageous with regard to increasing both light absorption and the mobility of photoexcited charge carriers.
Iterative MMSE equalization and CFO compensation for the uplink SC‐FDMA transmission
Authors: Selvaraj K. , Ganeshkumar P. , Anandaraj M. 
Published: January 2016

SummarySingle‐carrier frequency division multiple access is greatly sensitive to carrier frequency offset (CFO) between transceivers. This leads to the destruction of orthogonality among subcarriers, which in turn leads to inter‐carrier interference and multiple access interference between different users. Minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizer that uses an inverse operation on an interference matrix with a dimension equal to the number of subcarriers is normally used to invalidate CFO effects. Hence, the terminal processing complexity is very high. The proposed conjugate gradient method attempts to mitigate the higher computational complexity by iteratively evaluating the MMSE solution without direct matrix inverse operation. To further mitigate the multiple access interference, MMSE combined with parallel interference cancellation is also implemented. The analysis of the proposed method shows better performance and fast convergence in single‐carrier frequency division multiple access systems. The maximum iteration number to formulate an accurate solution is almost equal to the number of active users in the uplink access. Simulation results bring out the effectiveness of the present method compared with the existing CFO compensation schemes in terms of computational complication and system performance with large frequency offsets. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pod/seed attributes and their role in taxonomic delimitation on some species of Senna (Caesalpiniaceae)
Authors: Akinyemi O. F. , Ayodele M. S. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study investigated the attributes of pod and seed and their role in taxonomic delimi‐ tation of Senna species. This is consequent upon their ethno‐botanical importance in orthodox medicine, pests and disease control, production of dyes and tannins, and as ornamental trees. A total of twenty‐two accessions of five Senna species: Senna alata, S. occidentalis, S. hirsuta, S. obtusifolia and S. acutifolia were obtained from different locations in Abeokuta, Ogun State Nigeria. The morphological attributes of the pod and seed accessions were evaluated to reveal their phenotypic and phylogenetic relationships. Statistical analyses of quantitative data were done using SAS/PC Version 9.1. The common generic feature which supports their classifications as members of the same genus is exhibited in their fruit type (pod). Percent seed‐set and germination performance are high for all the accessions. Germination performance ranges from 72% to 100%. The variation between species in pod and seed characters is highly significant at 0.001 probability level (p < 0.001). The dendrogram categorizes the 22 accessions (genotypes) into 4 phenotypic groups within the two extremes of similarity levels (0.0–3.5SL). Pod and seed attributes are of taxonomic importance in the genus Senna.
Reinstatement of Tetradesmus G. M. Smith (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyta)
Authors: Wynne Michael J. , Hallan Joel K. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractEarlier and more recent history of the relationship between the desmid genera Acutodesmus and Tetradesmus (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyta) is discussed. It is pointed out that current taxonomic treatments are using the name Acutodesmus (Hegewald) Tsarenko, which dates as a genus only from 2001. Taxonomic treatments are now including in Acutodesmus A. wisconsinensis, which is the type species of the earlier generic name Tetradesmus of G. M. Smith (1913). Because of the priority of Tetradesmus, ten taxa are transferred to that genus. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Morphometric analysis of cryofixed muscular tissue for intraoperative consultation
Authors: Bianciardi Giorgio , Pontenani Francesca , Vassallo Loretta , Tacchini Damiana , Buonsanti Michele , Tripodi Sergio 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTFor diagnostic purposes, cryofixation of tissues is a daily routine technique to investigate rapidly about the presence of tumours during a surgical procedure in patients. We performed morphometric analysis of cryofixed muscular tissues according to different techniques. About 1,000 muscle fibers and 1,493 nuclei, were automatically examined. After freezing, ice tissue interfaces shrinkage of the cells were present. Liquid isopentane or liquid nitrogen produced a statistical increase of fractal dimension, D, of the ice‐tissue interfaces, P < 0.001 respect to the formalin‐fixed samples, cryofixation performed inside the cryostat chamber at t = −20°C produced a D value close to the formalin‐fixed samples. Shrinkage of the muscle fibers was higher in the samples cryofixed inside the cryostat chamber (P < 0.001). Cryofixation inside cryostat or by liquid nitrogen caused decreases of the nuclei dimensions and altered nuclear morphology (P < 0.01), liquid isopentane appeared not affecting the nuclei of the fibers. Cryofixation inside the cryostat chamber produced the highest shrinkage but it was reduced performing cryofixation in liquid nitrogen or isopentane. Freezing damage inside the muscle cells was absent in the samples cryofixed inside the cryostat, it was present after cryofixation by liquid nitrogen or isopentane. Subcellular components like the nuclei were preserved by isopentane. This paper present, for the first time, an objective method able to quantify and characterize the damages produced by cryofixation in biological sample for intraoperative consultation. Microsc. Res. Tech. 79:155–161, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
National survey on the practice of radiation therapists in Australia
Authors: Sale Charlotte , Halkett Georgia , Cox Jenny 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIntroductionRadiation therapy (RT), like many allied health professions, has lacked professional practice clarity, which until 2008 had not been comprehensively investigated. This manuscript describes the first phase of a three‐phase project investigating the current and future practices of radiation therapists (RTs) in Australia. The aim of phase 1 was to define the practice of RTs in Australia.MethodsA quantitative approach was used to gain an understanding of RT practice. A national survey was distributed to RTs in Australia. Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyse the data. RT practice was analysed in relation to core and non‐core roles, where non‐core roles were further divided into basic and advanced practices.ResultsThe data from the national survey were representative of the Australian RT population (n = 525). The current practice of RTs is presented in summary tables for each area of work (treatment, planning, simulation, mould room and general).ConclusionThis study provided clarification of RT practice and indicated there was a desire to relinquish administrative roles to focus on RT–specific practice. There was evidence that some advanced roles were currently practiced in Australia; however, there was no structure to support these roles and they were based only on local need. This study identified that the profession needs to consider how they will maintain core RT practice, while encouraging the development of new roles, and whether some roles need to be relinquished.
Quantitative in vivo biocompatibility of new ultralow‐nickel cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloys
Authors: Sonofuchi Kazuaki , Hagiwara Yoshihiro , Koizumi Yuichiro , Chiba Akihiko , Kawano Mitsuko , Nakayama Masafumi , Ogasawara Kouetsu , Yabe Yutaka , Itoi Eiji 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTNickel (Ni) eluted from metallic biomaterials is widely accepted as a major cause of allergies and inflammation. To improve the safety of cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (Co–Cr–Mo) alloy implants, new ultralow‐Ni Co–Cr–Mo alloys with and without zirconium (Zr) have been developed, with Ni contents of less than 0.01%. In the present study, we investigated the biocompatibility of these new alloys in vivo by subcutaneously implanting pure Ni, conventional Co–Cr–Mo, ultralow‐Ni Co–Cr–Mo, and ultralow‐Ni Co–Cr–Mo with Zr wires into the dorsal sides of mice. After 3 and 7 days, tissues around the wire were excised, and inflammation; the expression of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α; and Ni, Co, Cr, and Mo ion release were analyzed using histological analyses, qRT‐PCR, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), respectively. Significantly larger amounts of Ni eluted from pure Ni wires than from the other wires, and the degree of inflammation depended on the amount of eluted Ni. Although no significant differences in inflammatory reactions were identified among new alloys and conventional Co–Cr–Mo alloys in histological and qRT‐PCR analyses, ICP‐MS analysis revealed that Ni ion elution from ultralow‐Ni Co–Cr–Mo alloys with and without Zr was significantly lower than from conventional Co–Cr–Mo alloys. Our study, suggests that the present ultralow‐Ni Co–Cr–Mo alloys with and without Zr have greater safety and utility than conventional Co–Cr–Mo alloys. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1505–1513, 2016.
Influence of cyclic loading on the adhesive effectiveness of resin‐zirconia interface after femtosecond laser irradiation and conventional surface treatments
Authors: Vicente María , Gomes Ana L. , Montero Javier , Rosel Eva , Seoane Vicente , Albaladejo Alberto 
Published: January 2016

Background and ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of cyclic loading on the shear bond strength (SBS) of a self‐adhesive resin cement to zirconia surfaces after femtosecond laser irradiation at different steps and several conventional surface treatments.Materials and MethodsOne hundred fifty square‐shaped zirconia samples were divided into five groups according their surface treatment: NT Group–no surface treatment; APA25 Group–airborne abrasion with 25 μm alumina particles; TSC Group–tribochemical silica coating; FS20 Group–femtosecond laser irradiation (800 nm, 4 mJ, 40 fs/pulse, 1 kHz, step 20); and FS40 Group–femtosecond laser irradiation (same parameters except step 40). Self‐adhesive resin cement cylinders were bonded at the centre of the zirconia surface. For each experimental group, half of the specimens were subject to cyclic loading under 90 N (50.000 cycles, 3 cycles/sec) and the rest of the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C. All subgroups were tested for SBS with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min, until fracture. The results were analyzed statistically.ResultsWhen cyclic loading was applied, all surface treatments had lower SBS values, except APA25. The four surface treatments had the same SBS values when cyclic loading was employed.ConclusionsUse of femtosecond laser irradiation could be an alternative to conventional surface treatments to achieve suitable adhesion zirconia and resin cements. Femtosecond laser irradiation at step 40 is preferable because it is more efficient and faster. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:36–44, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Self‐navigation under non‐steady‐state conditions: Cardiac and respiratory self‐gating of inversion recovery snapshot FLASH acquisitions in mice
Authors: Winter Patrick , Kampf Thomas , Helluy Xavier , Gutjahr Fabian T. , Meyer Cord B. , Bauer Wolfgang R. , Jakob Peter M. , Herold Volker 
Published: January 2016

PurposeAn algorithm is presented to enable cardiac and respiratory self‐gating in combination with Inversion Recovery Look‐Locker read‐outs.MethodsA radial inversion recovery snapshot FLASH sequence was adapted for retrospective cardiac T1 measurements in mice. Cardiac and respiratory data were extracted from the k‐space center of radial projections and an adapted method for retrospective cardiac synchronization is introduced. Electrocardiogram (ECG) data was acquired concurrently for validation of the proposed self‐gating technique. T1 maps generated by the proposed technique were compared with maps reconstructed with the ECG reference.ResultsRespiratory gating and cardiac trigger points could be obtained for the whole time course of the relaxation dynamic and correlate very well to the ECG signal. T1 maps reconstructed with the self‐gating technique are in very good agreement with maps reconstructed with the external reference.ConclusionThe proposed method extends “wireless” cardiac MRI to non‐steady‐state inversion recovery measurements. T1 maps were generated with a quality comparable to ECG based reconstructions. As the method does not rely on an ECG trigger signal it provides easier animal handling. Magn Reson Med 76:1887–1894, 2016. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Real‐time PCR assay to detect brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), in environmental DNA
Authors: Valentin Rafael E , Maslo Brooke , Lockwood Julie L , Pote John , Fonseca Dina M 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDEarly detection before establishment and identification of key predators are time‐honored strategies towards effective eradication or control of invasive species. The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys, is a recent exotic pest of several important crops in North America and Europe. Resulting widespread applications of insecticides have countered years of careful integrated pest management and are leading to the resurgence of other agricultural pests. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has been used effectively to detect aquatic invasives.RESULTSWe developed a real‐time PCR (qPCR) assay for BMSB in a conserved region of the ribosomal DNA interspacer 1 (ITS1). We validated this assay on worldwide populations of BMSB and tested its specificity and sensitivity against other US Pentatomidae species and on guano of big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus, which we confirmed is a BMSB predator in New Jersey. We also detected BMSB DNA after rapid (and inexpensive) HotSHOT DNA extractions of soiled paper from cages briefly holding BMSB, as well as from discarded exuviae.CONCLUSIONGiven the high sensitivity of our assay to BMSB environmental DNA (eDNA) in terrestrial samples, this tool should become a cost‐effective approach for using eDNA to detect terrestrial invasive species and their key predators. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry