bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of Hospice Disenrollment and Hospitalization With Continuous Home Care Provision
Authors: Wang Shi-Yi , Dang Weixiong , Aldridge Melissa D. , Canavan Maureen , Cherlin Emily , Bradley Elizabeth 
Published: July 2017

Objectives:
To examine rates of hospice disenrollment and posthospice hospitalization among patients who are enrolled in hospices that provide continuous home care (CHC) (CHC hospices) compared with patients who are enrolled in hospices that do not offer CHC (non-CHC hospices).

Methods:
We performed a retrospective cohort study among Medicare fee-for-service decedents between July and December 2011, who were 66 years and older and had used hospice in their last 6 months of life. We used propensity score matching to account for potential confounding characteristics of hospices. Generalized estimating equation models were applied to estimate between CHC hospices and non-CHC hospices the associations of hospice disenrollment/hospitalization, adjusted for patient characteristics. We also conducted subgroup analyses to examine how the association might have differed by hospice size, and by the percentage of enrollees who received CHC.

Results:
After matching, we identified 936 pairs of CHC and non-CHC hospices, well balanced in terms of organizational characteristics. In fully adjusted models, compared with non-CHC hospices, CHC hospices had significantly lower disenrollment rates (adjusted rate ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.60–0.87), and lower hospitalization rates (adjusted rate ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–0.95). These associations were significantly more pronounced among larger hospices (those with >175 enrollees during study period), and among hospices in which at least 7.3% of enrollees used CHC.

Conclusions:
CHC hospices had significantly lower rates of hospice disenrollment and posthospice hospitalization, suggesting CHC service available may enable higher quality of end-of-life care.
Long-term Pulmonary Outcomes in Pediatric Survivors of High-risk Neuroblastoma
Authors: Stone Anne , Novetsky Friedman Danielle , Worgall Stefan , Kushner Brian H. , Wolden Suzanne , Modak Shakeel , LaQuaglia Michael P. , Wu Xian , Cheung Nai-Kong , Sklar Charles A. 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Children with high-risk neuroblastoma are exposed to multimodality therapies early in life and survivors confront late therapy-related toxicities. This study assessed respiratory symptoms, pulmonary function tests (PFTs), and risk factors for abnormalities among survivors.

Materials and Methods:
High-risk neuroblastoma survivors followed in the long-term follow-up clinic at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center were enrolled. Self-administered symptom questionnaires were completed. Medical records were reviewed for treatment information and comorbidities. PFTs included spirometry, plethysmography, and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO).

Results:
Thirty-nine survivors participated (median age at study: 11.4 y; median age at diagnosis: 2.3 y; median time since completion of therapy: 5.5 y). Chronic respiratory symptoms were reported for 33%. PFT abnormalities were identified in 79% and included low forced expiratory volume in 1 second (38%), decreased total lung capacity (44%), and abnormal DLCO (67%). PFT abnormalities were mostly mild to moderate. Mean forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, and total lung capacity were normal and mean DLCO was mildly abnormal. Risks included thoracic surgery, chest radiation therapy, thoracic surgery plus chest radiation therapy, and shorter time since completion of therapy (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
Although respiratory abnormalities were common, they were mostly mild or moderate. Continued pulmonary surveillance of this at-risk population is warranted.
Activity Restriction Recommendations and Outcomes After Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mueller Margaret G. , Lewicky-Gaupp Christina , Collins Sarah A. , Abernethy Melinda G. , Alverdy Alex , Kenton Kimberly 
Published: July 2017

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2017;129:608–614)
It has been recommended for many years that women recovering from gynecologic surgery should restrict their postoperative activity. With increasing use of minimally invasive surgery and resulting decreased hospital stays and quicker recovery, many surgeons have questioned the need for this anecdotal practice.
Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Left Ventricular Remodeling in Women with Newly Diagnosed Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: Avelar Erick , Truong Quynh A. , Inyangetor David , Marfatia Ravi , Yang Clifford , Kaloudis Electra , Tannenbaum Susan , Rosito Guido , Litwin Sheldon 
Published: July 2017

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to assess the left ventricular (LV) remodeling response to chemotherapy in low–cardiac-risk women with newly diagnosed nonmetastatic breast cancer. Cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapy are an increasing concern. To effectively interpret cardiac imaging studies performed for screening purposes in patients undergoing cancer therapy it is necessary to understand the normal changes in structure and function that may occur.

Methods:
Twenty women without preexisting cardiovascular disease, of a mean age of 50 years, newly diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer and treated with anthracycline or trastuzumab, were prospectively enrolled and evaluated at four time points (at baseline, during chemotherapy, 2 weeks after chemotherapy, and 6 months after chemotherapy) using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, blood samples, and a clinical questionnaire.

Results:
Over a 6-month period, the left ventricular ejection fraction (%) decreased (64.15±5.30 to 60.41±5.77, P<0.002) and the LV end-diastolic (mm) and end-systolic (mm) volumes increased (124.73±20.25 to 132.21±19.33, P<0.04 and 45.16±11.88 to 52.57±11.65, P<0.00, respectively). The LV mass (g) did not change (73.06±11.51 to 69.21±15.3, P=0.08), but the LV mass to LVEDV ratio (g/mm) decreased (0.594±0.098 to 0.530±0.124, P<0.04).

Conclusions:
In low–cardiac-risk women with nonmetastatic breast cancer, the increased LV volume and a mildly decreased left ventricular ejection fraction during and after chemotherapy do not seem to be associated with laboratory or clinical evidence of increased risk for heart failure.
Effect of Spreader Graft on Nasal Functions in Septorhinoplasty Surgery
Authors: Mamanov Marlen , Batioglu-Karaaltin Ayşegül , Inci Ender , Erdur Zülküf Burak 
Published: July 2017

Objective:
The authors aimed to investigate the effect of spreader grafts on nasal function in septorhinoplasty (SRP).

Methods:
A prospective randomized double-blind study was conducted. Thirty patients who underwent SRP operation between October 2011 and January 2013 were divided into 2 equal groups randomly. Fifteen patients underwent SRP surgery without spreader graft technique (Group I) and 15 patients underwent SRP surgery with spreader grafts (Group II). Preoperative and postoperative evaluation included visual analog score (VAS) and acoustic rhinometry test.

Results:
Visual analog scores and acoustic rhinometry measurements of Group I and Group II patients were compared. Statistically significant difference was found for VAS scores of both the sides of the nasal cavity (both before and after topical decongestion) (P < 0.05), except for the VAS on the right side of the nasal cavity before decongestion (P > 0.05). On acoustic rhinometry test the difference was statistically significant for minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) and volumetric values (VOL)—MCA1, MCA2, VOL1, VOL2 values on the left side of the nasal cavity (both before and after topical decongestion) (P < 0.05) but not on the right side of the nasal cavity (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Performing spreader graft technique in SRP surgery can prevent the narrowing of the internal nasal valve area after surgery and maintain adequate airway for respiration.
Would Be Prophylactic Administrations of Low Concentration of Alendronate an Alternative for Improving the Craniofacial Bone Repair? A Preliminary Study Focused in the Period of Cellular Differentiation and Tissue Organization
Authors: Göhringer Isabella , Muller Carmem L. Storrer , Cunha Emanuelle Juliana , Passoni Giuliene Nunes De Souza , Vieira Juliana Souza , Zielak João Cesar , Scariot Rafaela , Deliberador Tatiana Miranda , Giovanini Allan Fernando 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Alendronate (ALN) is a nitrogen-bisphosphonate that may induce an anabolic effect on craniofacial bone repair when administrated in low doses. Based on this premise, this study analyzed the influence of prophylactic low doses of ALN on bone healing in defects created in rabbit mandible.

Methods:
A 5 × 2-mm diameter deep defect was created in the calvaria of 28 rabbits. Fourteen of these rabbits received previously 50 μg/kg of 1% sodium ALN for 4 weeks, while the other rabbits received only 0.9% physiological saline solution (control). Animals were euthanized at 15 and 60 days postsurgery (n = 7), and the data were analyzed using histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry using the anti-CD34, bone morphogenetic protein -2 (BMP-2), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 antibodies.

Results:
On the 15th day postsurgery, the specimens that received previous treatment with ALN demonstrated large vascular lumen and intense positivity to CD34 either concentrated in endothelium or cells spread among the reparative tissue. These results coincided with intense positivity for BMP-2+ cells and TGF-β1 that was concentrated in both cells and perivascular area. In contrast, the control group revealed scarce cells that exhibited CD34, BMP-2+, and the TGF-β1 was restricted for perivascular area on well-formed granulation tissue. These patterns of immunohistochemical result, especially found on the 15th day of analysis, seem to be responsible for the development of larger quantities of bone matrix in the specimens that receive ALN on the 60th day postsurgery.

Conclusion:
These preliminary results showed that the prophylactic administration of low doses of ALN might be an alternative to craniofacial bone craniofacial bone repair because it increases the immunopositivity for TGF-β1 and consequently improves the CD34+ and BMP-2+ cells on reparative sites.
Modified Medial Ramus Retractor to Facilitate Horizontal Osteotomy During Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy Procedure
Authors: Ganesh Praveen , Nagarjuna Muralidhara , Boyina Kiran Kumar 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Introducing a horizontal osteotomy is the first and a critical step in sagittal split ramus osteotomy procedure. Identification of the lingula and medial displacement of the vital structures entering the inferior alveolar foramen are of paramount importance in ensuring a risk-free placement of the medial cut with bur or a saw. Quite often, identification of lingula and retrolingular fossa can be an arduous task owing to the thickness of the internal oblique ridge. Hence, placement of horizontal osteotomy depends on the experience of the operator.
Here, the authors describe a simple, low profile instrument that aids in the identification of the lingula as well as provide a posterior stop for horizontal osteotomy during the sagittal split ramus osteotomy procedure.
Non-linear Auto-Regressive Models for Cross-Frequency Coupling in Neural Time Series
Authors: Dupré la Tour Tom , Tallot Lucille , Grabot Laetitia , Doyère Valérie , van Wassenhove Virginie , Grenier Yves , Gramfort Alexandre 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe address the issue of reliably detecting and quantifying cross-frequency coupling (CFC) in neural time series. Based on non-linear auto-regressive models, the proposed method provides a generative and parametric model of the time-varying spectral content of the signals. As this method models the entire spectrum simultaneously, it avoids the pitfalls related to incorrect filtering or the use of the Hilbert transform on wide-band signals. As the model is probabilistic, it also provides a score of the model “goodness of fit” via the likelihood, enabling easy and legitimate model selection and parameter comparison; this data-driven feature is unique to our model-based approach. Using three datasets obtained with invasive neurophysiological recordings in humans and rodents, we demonstrate that these models are able to replicate previous results obtained with other metrics, but also reveal new insights such as the influence of the amplitude of the slow oscillation. Using simulations, we demonstrate that our parametric method can reveal neural couplings with shorter signals than non-parametric methods. We also show how the likelihood can be used to find optimal filtering parameters, suggesting new properties on the spectrum of the driving signal, but also to estimate the optimal delay between the coupled signals, enabling a directionality estimation in the coupling.Author SummaryNeural oscillations synchronize information across brain areas at various anatomical and temporal scales. Of particular relevance, slow fluctuations of brain activity have been shown to affect high frequency neural activity, by regulating the excitability level of neural populations. Such cross-frequency-coupling can take several forms. In the most frequently observed type, the power of high frequency activity is time-locked to a specific phase of slow frequency oscillations, yielding phase-amplitude-coupling (PAC). Even when readily observed in neural recordings, such non-linear coupling is particularly challenging to formally characterize. Typically, neuroscientists use band-pass filtering and Hilbert transforms with ad-hoc correlations. Here, we explicitly address current limitations and propose an alternative probabilistic signal modeling approach, for which statistical inference is fast and well-posed. To statistically model PAC, we propose to use non-linear auto-regressive models which estimate the spectral modulation of a signal conditionally to a driving signal. This conditional spectral analysis enables easy model selection and clear hypothesis-testing by using the likelihood of a given model. We demonstrate the advantage of the model-based approach on three datasets acquired in rats and in humans. We further provide novel neuroscientific insights on previously reported PAC phenomena, capturing two mechanisms in PAC: influence of amplitude and directionality estimation.
Massive crossover elevation via combination ofHEI10andrecq4a recq4bduring Arabidopsis meiosis
Authors: Serra Heïdi , Lambing Christophe , Griffin Catherine H. , Topp Stephanie D. , Séguéla-Arnaud Mathilde , Fernandes Joiselle , Mercier Raphaël , Henderson Ian R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDuring meiosis homologous chromosomes undergo reciprocal crossovers, which generate genetic diversity and underpin classical crop improvement. Meiotic recombination initiates from DNA double strand breaks, which are processed into single-stranded DNA that can invade a homologous chromosome. The resulting joint molecules can ultimately be resolved as crossovers. In Arabidopsis, competing pathways balance the repair of ∼100–200 meiotic DSBs into ∼10 crossovers per meiosis, with the excess DSBs repaired as non-crossovers. In order to bias DSB repair towards crossovers, we simultaneously increased dosage of the pro-crossover E3 ligase geneHEI10and introduced mutations in the anti-crossover helicase genesRECQ4AandRECQ4B. AsHEI10andrecq4a recq4bincrease interfering and non-interfering crossover pathways respectively, they combine additively to yield a massive meiotic recombination increase. Interestingly, we also show that increasedHEI10dosage increases crossover coincidence, which indicates an effect ofHEI10on interference. We also show that patterns of interhomolog polymorphism and heterochromatin drive recombination increases towards the sub-telomeres in bothHEI10andrecq4a recq4bbackgrounds, while the centromeres remain crossover-suppressed. These results provide a genetic framework for engineering meiotic recombination landscapes in plant genomes.
Common Piezo1 allele in African populations causes xerocytosis and attenuates Plasmodium infection
Authors: Ma Shang , Cahalan Stuart , Lohia Rakhee , LaMonte Gregory , Zeng Weizheng , Murthy Swetha , Paytas Emma , Grubaugh Nathan D. , Gamini Ramya , Berry Laurence , Lukacs Viktor , Whitwam Tess , Loud Meaghan , Su Andrew I. , Andersen Kristian G. , Winzeler Elizabeth A. , Honore Eric , Wengelnik Kai , Patapoutian Ardem 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHereditary xerocytosis (HX) is thought to be a rare genetic condition characterized by red blood cell (RBC) dehydration with mild hemolysis. Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in mechanosensitive Piezo1 ion channels are identified in HX patients. RBC dehydration is linked to reducedPlasmodiuminfection rates in vitro. We engineered a Piezo1 mouse model of HX and show thatPlasmodiuminfection fails to cause experimental cerebral malaria in these mice. Furthermore, we identified a novel GOF human Piezo1 variant, E756del, present in a third of African population. Remarkably, RBCs from individuals carrying this allele are dehydrated and protected againstPlasmodiuminfection in vitro. The presence of an HX-causing Piezo1 mutation at such high frequencies in African population is surprising, and suggests an association with malaria resistance.
Ponatinib shows potent antitumor activity in small cell carcinoma of the ovary hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) through multi-kinase inhibition
Authors: Lang Jessica D. , Hendricks William P. D. , Yin Holly , Kiefer Jeffrey , Ramos Pilar , Sharma Ritin , Pirrotte Patrick , Raupach Elizabeth A. , Sereduk Chris , Tang Nanyun , Liang Winnie , Washington Megan , Facista Salvatore J. , Zismann Victoria L. , Cousins Emily M. , Major Michael B. , Wang Yemin , Karnezis Anthony N. , Orlando Krystal A. , Sekulic Aleksandar , Hass Ralf , Vanderhyden Barbara , Praveen Kesavannair , Weissman Bernard E. , Huntsman David G. , Trent Jeffrey M. 
Published: July 2017

Structured AbstractPurpose: Subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex are tumor suppressors inactivated in ∼20% of all cancers. Yet, few targeted treatments for SWI/SNF-mutant cancers exist. Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare, aggressive ovarian cancer in young women that is universally driven by loss of the SWI/SNF ATPase subunits, SMARCA4 and SMARCA2. Given poor two-year survival rates for these women, a great need exists for effective targeted therapies.Experimental Design: To identify underlying therapeutic vulnerabilities in SCCOHT, we conducted high-throughput siRNA and drug screens. Complementary proteomics approaches comprehensively profiled kinases inhibited by ponatinib. Ponatinib was tested for efficacy in two PDX models and one cell line xenograft model of SCCOHT.Results: FGFRs and PDGFRs were overlapping hits between screens and the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family was enriched in the siRNA screen hits. Evaluation of eleven RTK inhibitors in three SCCOHT cell lines identified ponatinib, an inhibitor of multiple RTKs, as the most effective clinically approved agent. Proteomics approaches confirmed inhibition of known targets of ponatinib and more than 20 non-canonical ponatinib targets. Ponatinib also delayed tumor doubling time 4-fold in SCCOHT-1 xenografts and reducing final tumor volumes in two SCCOHT patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models by 58.6% and 42.5%.Conclusion: Ponatinib is an effective agent for SCCOHT in bothin vitroandin vivopreclinical models through its inhibition of multiple kinases. Clinical investigation of this FDA-approved oncology drug in SCCOHT is warranted.Additional InformationThis work was supported by research funds from the Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute 34 (#703458, D.G.H.), the National Institutes of Health (R01 CA195670-01, B.E.W., D.G.H., and 35 J.M.T., and T32 HL007106-39 to E.M.C), the Terry Fox Research Institute Initiative New Frontiers Program in Cancer (#1021, D.G.H.), the British Columbia Cancer Foundation (D.G.H.), the VGH & UBC Foundation (D.G.H.), the Anne Rita Monahan Foundation (P.R.), the Marsha Rivkin Center for Ovarian Cancer Research (J.M.T.), the Ovarian Cancer Alliance of Arizona (J.M.T.), the Small Cell Ovarian Cancer Foundation (P.R., J.D.L., B.V., and J.M.T.), and philanthropic support to the TGen Foundation (J.M.T.).COI disclosure statement: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.
Iron-dependent essential genes inSalmonellaTyphimurium
Authors: Karash Sardar , Kwon Young Min 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial cell death due to stresses or bactericidal antibiotics are complex and remain puzzling. Previously, it was shown that iron is required for effective killing of bacterial cells by numerous bactericidal antibiotics. Here, our high-resolution Tn-seq analysis demonstrated that transposon mutants ofS.Typhimurium with insertions in essential genes escaped immediate killing or growth inhibition under iron-restricted conditions for approximately one-third of all essential genes.ResultsWe grouped essential genes into two categories, iron-dependent and iron-independent essential genes. The iron-dependency of the iron-dependent essential genes was further validated by the fact that the relative abundance of these essential gene mutants increased further with more severe iron restrictions. Our unexpected observation can be explained well by the recently proposed common killing mechanisms of bactericidal antibiotics via production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this model iron restriction would inhibit production of ROS, leading to reduced killing activity following blocking of an essential function. Interestingly, the targets of most antibiotics currently in use clinically, whether bacteriostatic or bactericidal, are iron-dependent essential genes.ConclusionsOur result suggests that targeting iron-independent essential genes may be a better strategy for future antibiotic development, because blocking these genes would lead to immediate cell death regardless of iron concentration. On the contrary, blocking iron-dependent pathways under iron limitedin vivoenvironment could lead to reduced killing action, which might increase drug-resistance by mutagenic action of sublethal concentrations of ROS. This work expands our knowledge on the role of iron to a broader range of essential pathways, and provides novel insights for development of more effective antibiotics.
Metabolic process of raffinose family oligosacharrides during cold stress and recovery in cucumber leaves
Authors: Lu Man , Zhang Zhiping , Xu Jinjin , Cao Wenhua , Miao Minmin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRaffinose family oligosacharrides (RFOs) accumulate under stress conditions in many plants and have been suggested to act as stress protectants. To elucidate the metabolic process of RFOs under cold stress, levels of RFOs and relative carbohydrates, the expression and activities of main metabolic enzymes and their subcellular compartments were investigated during low temperature treatment and recovery period in cucumber leaves. Cold stress induced the accumulation of stachyose in vacuoles, galactinol in vacuoles and cytosols, and sucrose and raffinose in vacuoles, cytosols and chloroplasts. After cold stress removal, levels of these sugars decreased gradually in respective compartments. Among 4 galactinol synthase genes (CsGS),CsGS1was not affected by the cold stress, while other threeCsGSswere up-regulated by the low temperature. RNA levels ofacid-α-galactosidase (GAL) 3, alkaline-α-galactosidase (AGA) 2and3, and the activities of GAL and AGA were up-regulated after cold stress removal. The GAL3 protein and GAL activity were exclusively located in the vacuole, whereas the protein of AGA2 and AGA 3 were found in the cytosol and chloroplast respectively. The results indicate that RFOs accumulated during the cold stress in different subcellular compartments in cucumber leaves could be catabolizedin situby different galactosidases after stress removal.